bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long‐term home range stability provides foraging benefits in western gorillas
Authors: Scarry Clara J. , Salmi Roberta , Lodwick Jessica , Doran‐Sheehy Diane M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesLong‐term home range stability presumably emerges because familiarity with an area improves fitness through increased foraging efficiency, reduced predation risk, or reduced costs of intergroup aggression. While the use of spatial memory by primates has been widely demonstrated, few studies have examined whether long‐term space use creates opportunities for interannual reuse of spatial knowledge. Here we examine the ranging behavior of western gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) to assess the degree of long‐term site fidelity and the foraging consequences of reuse of space.MethodsWe measured interannual home range overlap over a 10‐year period for a single group of gorillas at the Mondika Research Center, using both grid‐based and kernel density estimation. By plotting the total area used over time, we identified periods of home‐range stability and expansion. We compared foraging and ranging behavior in familiar versus unfamiliar areas, considering fruit trees visited, dietary diversity, and daily path length, to determine whether the lack of spatial knowledge in unfamiliar areas was associated with foraging costs.ResultsAverage interannual home range overlap by the group remained high throughout the study. During periods of home range expansion, daily path lengths increased but not the number of fruit trees visited, suggesting that reduced familiarity with the area led to decreased foraging efficiency because individuals lacked prior knowledge of where to find resources.DiscussionWestern gorillas at Mondika exhibit long‐term home range stability, presumably reflecting a strategy that relies on the use of spatial memory to increase foraging efficiency that is favored by their reliance on ephemeral fruit resources.
The age at first reproduction as a potential mediator between facial fluctuating asymmetry and reproductive success in women
Authors: Klimek Magdalena , Marcinkowska Urszula M. , Galbarczyk Andrzej , Nenko Ilona , Jasienska Grazyna 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe level of fluctuating asymmetry is suggested as a putative signal of developmental stability, thus according to this theoretical framework more symmetric individuals should be in better biological condition and have greater reproductive potential. Here we hypothesize that women with more symmetric faces have more successful reproduction.MethodsData were collected from 164 postmenopausal Polish women. Facial photographs were taken and the overall facial asymmetry (OFA) was calculated. The associations between the OFA and reproductive parameters were analyzed using multiple regression models. Furthermore, the mediation analysis was conducted to test for the indirect effects of the OFA on reproductive success.ResultsThere was a statistically significant relationship between the OFA and the number of children born, which was mediated by the age at first reproduction (p = 0.03), however, the size of the effect was rather low. Women with more symmetric faces had an earlier age at first reproduction and, in consequence, a greater number of children.DiscussionAs fluctuating asymmetry is suggested to be established in utero, these findings shed light on the possible life‐long importance of developmental conditions in shaping women's reproductive potential and performance.
Disparities in access to health care in adults with sinusitis in the United States
Authors: Shah Jay P. , Youn Gun Min , Wei Eric X. , Patel Zara M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundSinusitis can significantly decrease quality of life, is costly in both health care expenditure and lost productivity, and can lead to complications if treatment is delayed. Our objective was to explore disparities in health care access among adults with sinusitis based on sociodemographic factors.MethodsA total of 32,994 participants (representing 244,838,261 US adults) who completed the 2016 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were analyzed, of whom 12.17% were diagnosed with sinusitis at least once in the prior 12 months. Multivariate regression analyses were performed.ResultsIn regression analyses, female sex (odds ratio [OR], 2.00 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.79‐2.24]; p < 0.001) and older age groups were associated with increased odds of having sinusitis. Within the sinusitis cohort, Asian race (OR, 5.97 [95% CI, 1.61‐22.12]; p = 0.008) and Hispanic ethnicity (OR, 6.97 [95% CI, 3.22‐15.06]; p < 0.001) were associated with increased odds of obtaining foreign medications. Individuals with Medicaid had decreased odds of delaying care (OR, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.25‐0.56]; p < 0.001) or not receiving care due to cost (OR, 0.40 [95% CI, 0.24‐0.65]; p < 0.001), but increased odds of delaying care due to transportation barriers (OR, 4.64 [95% CI, 2.52‐8.55]; p < 0.001). Uninsured individuals had higher odds for delaying care (OR, 4.97 [95% CI, 3.35‐7.38]; p < 0.001) and not receiving care (OR, 5.46 [95% CI, 3.56‐8.38]; p < 0.001) due to cost. Income >$100,000 was associated with a nearly 90% reduction in inability to obtain care due to cost (OR, 0.11 [95% CI, 0.05‐0.21]; p < 0.001) and an over 99% reduction in inability to obtain care due to transportation issues compared with income < $35,000 (OR, 0.01 [95% CI, 0.00‐0.04]; p< 0.001).ConclusionSignificant disparities in health care access based on race, health insurance status, and income exist among adults with sinusitis in the United States.
Regioselective Difunctionalization and Annulation of Ynamide
Authors: Dutta Shubham , Mallick Rajendra K. , Sahoo Akhila K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe use of ynamides in organic synthesis has gained significant attention due to their ability to provide access to complex molecular structures through transformations such as 1,2‐difunctionalization and annulation reactions. These reactions enable the formation of highly functionalized N‐bearing olefins and unusual N‐bearing heterocycles. In this minireview, we present a systematic overview of the regioselective difunctionalization and annulation reactions of ynamides. We discuss the multi‐component reactions, and radical‐triggered functionalizations across the ynamides carbon–carbon multiple bonds and the use of bifunctional reagents in annulation of ynamides, highlighting their potential in expanding the substrate scope. Furthermore, we provide insights into the mechanistic breakthroughs that have been achieved in recent years in the development of these reactions. Finally, we emphasize the promising future prospects of ynamides as versatile building blocks for the synthesis of complex molecular architectures.
Synthese komplexer thiazolinhaltiger Peptide durch CyclodesulfhydrierungN‐thioacylierter Mercaptoethylaminderivate
Authors: Meleshin Marat , Koch Lukas , Wiedemann Christoph , Schutkowski Mike 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn diesem Bericht beschreiben wir eine milde, effiziente und epimerisierungsfreie Methode für die Synthese 2‐thiazolin‐ und 5,6‐dihydro‐4H‐1,3‐thiazinhaltiger Peptide durch Cyclodesulfhydrierung entsprechenderN‐thioacylierter 2‐Mercaptoethylamin‐ oder 3‐Mercaptopropylaminderivate. Die beschriebene Reaktion wird durch eine Änderung des pH‐Wertes ausgelöst, kann in wässrigen Lösungen und bei Raumtemperatur durchgeführt werden und führt in hervorragenden bis quantitativen Ausbeuten zu komplexen Thiazolin‐ und Dihydrothiazinderivaten. Die neue Methode kam erfolgreich bei der Totalsynthese des marinen Naturstoffes Mollamid F zum Einsatz, was eine Revision seiner Stereochemie zur Folge hatte.
Not So Innocent After All: Interfacial Chemistry Determines Charge‐Transport Efficiency in Single‐Molecule Junctions
Authors: Daaoub Abdalghani , Morris James M. F. , Béland Vanessa A. , Demay‐Drouhard Paul , Hussein Amaar , Higgins Simon J. , Sadeghi Hatef , Nichols Richard J. , Vezzoli Andrea , Baumgartner Thomas , Sangtarash Sara 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMost studies in molecular electronics focus on altering the molecular wire backbone to tune the electrical properties of the whole junction. However, it is often overlooked that the chemical structure of the groups anchoring the molecule to the metallic electrodes influences the electronic structure of the whole system and, therefore, its conductance. We synthesised electron‐accepting dithienophosphole oxide derivatives and fabricated their single‐molecule junctions. We found that the anchor group has a dramatic effect on charge‐transport efficiency: in our case, electron‐deficient 4‐pyridyl contacts suppress conductance, while electron‐rich 4‐thioanisole termini promote efficient transport. Our calculations show that this is due to minute changes in charge distribution, probed at the electrode interface. Our findings provide a framework for efficient molecular junction design, especially valuable for compounds with strong electron withdrawing/donating backbones.
Synthesis of Complex Thiazoline‐Containing Peptides by Cyclodesulfhydration ofN‐Thioacyl‐2‐Mercaptoethylamine Derivatives
Authors: Meleshin Marat , Koch Lukas , Wiedemann Christoph , Schutkowski Mike 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHerein we report a mild, efficient, and epimerization‐free method for the synthesis of peptide‐derived 2‐thiazolines and 5,6‐dihydro‐4H‐1,3‐thiazines based on a cyclodesulfhydration ofN‐thioacyl‐2‐mercaptoethylamine orN‐thioacyl‐3‐mercaptopropylamine derivatives. The described reaction can be easily carried out in aqueous solutions at room temperature and it is triggered by change of the pH, leading to complex thiazoline or dihydrothiazine derivatives without epimerization in excellent to quantitative yields. The new method was applied in the total synthesis of the marine metabolite mollamide F, resulting in the revision of its stereochemistry.
A review: Biological activities of novel cyanopyridine derivatives
Authors: Wu Yurou , Wu Tao , Huang Yong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe discovery of new therapeutic drugs is heavily reliant on the structural diversity and pharmacological properties of heterocyclic compounds. Pyridine heterocyclic‐related medicines, in particular, have garnered considerable attention due to their wide pharmacological activities and therapeutic effects. Among them, cyanopyridine derivatives have demonstrated diverse pharmacological effects. This review aims to systematically compile and discuss the diverse pharmacological effects of cyanopyridine derivatives. The review is divided into multiple sections, highlighting the biological activities of cyanide derivatives, with emphasis on anticancer, antimicrobial (i.e., antibacterial, insecticidal anticonvulsant, and antiviral activities), anticonvulsant, anti‐Alzheimer's, and enzyme inhibitory activities. Furthermore, the review emphasizes the interesting therapeutic potential of cyanopyridine derivatives as kinase inhibitors and cytotoxic agents, which are promising candidates for anticancer drug development. The relationship between structure and activity is also discussed, with molecular docking used to provide insights into the mechanism of action of these compounds.
Highly Regioselective Synthesis of N‐β‐trifluoromethyl 2‐pyridones via anti‐Markovnikov Hydroamination of α‐(trifluoromethyl)styrenes with 2‐pyridones
Authors: Zhang Yi , Sun Zhudi , He Jingjing , Deng Yupian , Liu Ying , Zheng Pai , Cao Song 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA novel and facile method for the synthesis of N‐β‐CF3‐substituted 2‐pyridones via hydroamination of α‐(trifluoromethyl)styrenes with 2‐pyridones was described. The reaction proceeded smoothly at room temperature, affording a variety of N‐(β‐trifluoromethyl‐β‐arylethyl)pyridin‐2(1H)‐ones in moderate to good yields with excellent N‐regioselectivity.
Highly Regio‐ and Enantioselective Cu/Pd Co‐Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation of α‐pyridyl‐α‐fluoroesters: Construction of Quaternary C−F Stereocenters
Authors: Yan Xinlong , Li Zongwei , Fan Lin , Li Jiashan , Liu Guodu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNew methods for preparation of chiral alkyl fluorides have been studied intensively in recent years due to the favorable physicochemical and biological properties of those structures. Herein, we describe the regio‐ and enantioselective allylic alkylation of α‐pyridyl‐α‐fluoroesters with allyl acetates promoted by Cu/Pd synergistic catalysis, constructing the carbon‐ fluorine quaternary stereocenters. In this co‐catalytic system, palladium catalyst mainly constructed the C−C bond, while chiral copper catalyst controlled the enantioselectivity. A series of aryl‐ and aliphatic‐substituted allyl acetates are applied, giving the corresponding products in high yield, excellent enantioselectivity, and E/Z (up to 98% yield, 98 : 2 er, E/Z>20 : 1).
Effects of Halogenation on Quinoline‐Malononitrile‐based AIEgens: Photophysical Properties Investigation and Wash‐Free Imaging
Authors: Feng Lu , Meng Fanda , Niu Guangle 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDeveloping halogen‐functionalized fluorescent dyes with intriguing photophysical properties, including enhanced photostability, is particularly important for bioimaging. In this work, we synthesized two new halogen‐functionalized aggregation‐induced emission (AIE)‐active molecules, DQMF‐OH and DQMCl‐OH, based on the quinoline‐malononitrile chromophore. The halogen effect on the photophysical characteristics was detailedly studied by absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy, density functional theory calculations, and crystal structures. Compared with non‐halogen substituted AIE luminogen (AIEgen) DQM‐OH, the halogen substituted DQMF‐OH and DQMCl‐OH exhibited red‐shifted absorptions and emissions in the solution and solid state. In addition, DQMF‐OH and DQMCl‐OH also possessed enhanced fluorescence toward viscosity changes. These AIEgens served as remarkable imaging tools for cell tracking in a wash‐free manner. Furthermore, DQMF‐OH and DQMCl‐OH showed much more excellent photobleaching resistance than DQM‐OH. Our work sheds new light on developing fluorescent halogenated dyes with enhanced photophysical performances for biological applications.
Combination of PEG‐b‐PAA Carrier and Efficient Cationic Photosensitizers for Photodynamic Therapy
Authors: Yang Hui , Shang Zhanhao , Shi Qiankun , Gao Jucai , Wang Xiaorui , Hu Fang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is recognized to be a promising strategy for anticancer treatment. Considering the progressive application of PDT in clinical trials, highly efficient photosensitizers (PSs) are in strong demand. Aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) based PSs are promising phototheranostic materials for tumor imaging and PDT due to their high fluorescence and photosensitizing efficiency. Herein, a PS, TPA‐2BCP with AIE characteristics is developed by adopting an acceptor‐π‐donor‐π‐acceptor (A–π–D–π–A) structure. However, the accumulation of ionic PSs in the tumor is poor due to non‐specific interactions with bio‐molecules. Therefore, we use a carboxyl‐rich polymer material, polyacrylate polyethylene glycol block copolymer (PEG‐b‐PAA) to encapsulate the cationic PSs into nanoparticles through ionic interactions. The cationic groups are blocked and the generated PS nanoparticles can accumulate well in the tumor site in vivo. Meanwhile, the photosensitizing efficiency of the PS is further enhanced in the nanoparticle format. The tumor growth can be obviously inhibited under 530 nm laser irradiation, demonstrating its potential application in antitumor PDT.
Understanding the pulsed laser‐induced modification processes of TiO2 nanomaterials in aqueous solution
Authors: An Hee Jun , Carl Nkenku , Yoo Youngdong , Kang Hyuk , Kim Yu Kwon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThree different types of TiO2 nanoparticles in anatase and rutile phases were subject to nanosecond 532‐nm laser pulses in aqueous solution for enhanced reactivity in photocatalytic applications. Color changes observed during the laser processes resulted from laser pulse‐induced heating of TiO2 surfaces to form surface disorder with surface defects. Interestingly, TiO2 nanoparticles with different size and bulk phases undergo different changes in surface morphology, bulk phase, and defect density under the same laser pulses. The results are related with the differences in the absorption by initial defects on the TiO2 surface. Our results show that the type and density of initial defects within TiO2 matrix are important in determining subsequent thermal equilibrium‐driven changes. It is suggested that nanosecond laser pulses with energies lower than the bandgap of the semiconductor materials provide a chance for selective modification of oxide nanomaterials such as TiO2 for a new photoresponsive functionality in diverse applications.
Sustainability orientation and firm growth as ventures mature
Authors: Chistov Valery , Aramburu Nekane , Florit María Eugenia Fabra , Peña‐Legazkue Iñaki , Weritz Pauline 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis article revisits the dilemma between sustainability orientation and a firm's growth along the stages of the entrepreneurial process. We draw upon the recent research on sustainable entrepreneurship to determine whether entrepreneurial ventures can pursue sustainability objectives and still grow in terms of turnover and employment. Based on the data of 2 370 firms, we conclude that the relationship between sustainability orientation and a venture's growth is not straightforward. The results show that the stage of the entrepreneurship life cycle matters and that only the introduction of sustainability objectives in the mature stage of the entrepreneurial process (rather than during the early stage) significantly increases the likelihood of such ventures growing. We also find empirical evidence against combining environmental and social dimensions under one umbrella of sustainability, as each of these dimensions demonstrated distinctive behavior in our models. While our results show the importance of innovation for the firm's growth, it is not evident that it exerts any significant moderation effect on the relationship between sustainability orientation and a venture's growth. These findings provide insightful evidence for policymakers about the intrinsic difficulty of reconciling sustainability and economic objectives at the early stages of the process of entrepreneurship and also about the need to differentiate the multiple meanings and forms of sustainability orientation.
Optimal starting age of endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer in China: A multicenter prospective cohort study
Authors: Chen Ru , Dou Lizhou , Zhou Jiachen , Song Guohui , Li Bianyun , Zhao Deli , Hua Zhaolai , Wang Xinzheng , Li Jun , Hao Changqing , Li Yanyan , Feng Xiang , Li Lin , Wei Wenqiang , Wang Guiqi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough endoscopic screening for esophageal cancer has been performed in high‐risk areas in China for decades, there is limited and inconsistent evidence regarding the starting age for individuals participating in screening. The aim of this study is to investigate the optimal starting age of esophageal cancer screening.MethodsThis study is based on a multicenter prospective cohort consisting 338,017 permanent residents aged 40–69 years in six high‐risk areas of esophageal cancer in China. The participation rate, detection rate, hazard ratios (HRs), cumulative incidence and mortality and number needed to screen (NNS) were calculated in each age group. Screening burden, benefit and risk were compared among screening strategies with different initiation ages to explore the optimal starting age for population‐based screening in high‐risk areas.ResultsIndividuals aged 50–69 had a higher participation rate, a higher detection rate and improved screening effectiveness than those aged 40–49. The endoscopic screening had no significant effect on reducing the incidence of esophageal cancer in individuals under 55 and mortality in individuals under 45. Increasing the starting age to 50 years reduced the screening demand and NNS by 40% and 55%, and resulted in 12% of detectable positive cases, 16% of preventable incident cases, and 14% of preventable deaths being missed.ConclusionsPostponing the starting age of endoscopic screening to 50 years might yield a more‐favorable balance between screening benefit and burden in high‐ risk areas with limited resources.
Perceived barriers and facilitators to health behaviors in European childhood cancer survivors: A qualitative PanCareFollowUp study
Authors: Bouwman Eline , Pluijm Saskia M. F. , Stollman Iridi , Araujo‐Soares Vera , Blijlevens Nicole M. A. , Follin Cecilia , Winther Jeanette F. , Hjorth Lars , Kepak Tomas , Kepakova Katerina , Kremer Leontien C. M. , Muraca Monica , van der Pal Helena J. H. , Schneider Carina , Uyttebroeck Anne , Vercruysse Gertrui , Skinner Rod , Brown Morven C. , Hermens Rosella P. M. G. , Loonen Jacqueline J. ,   the PanCareFollowUp Consortium
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundHealthy behaviors, that is, engaging in regular physical activities, maintaining a healthy diet, limiting alcohol consumption, and avoiding tobacco and drug use, decrease the risk of developing late adverse health conditions in childhood cancer survivors. However, childhood cancer survivors may experience barriers to adopting and maintaining healthy behaviors. This study aimed to assess these barriers and facilitators to health behavior adoption and maintenance in childhood cancer survivors.MethodsA focus group ( n  = 12) and semi‐structured telephone interviews ( n  = 20) were conducted with a selected sample of European and Dutch childhood cancer survivors, respectively. The Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) was used to inform the topic guide and analysis. Inductive thematic analysis was applied to identify categories relating to barriers and facilitators of health behavior adoption and maintenance, after which they were deductively mapped onto the TDF.ResultsTen TDF domains were identified in the data of which “Knowledge,” “Beliefs about consequences,” “Environmental context and resources,” and “Social influences” were most commonly reported. Childhood cancer survivors expressed a need for knowledge on the importance of healthy behaviors, possibly provided by healthcare professionals. They indicated physical and long‐term benefits of healthy behaviors, available professional support, and a supporting and health‐consciously minded work and social environment to be facilitators. Barriers were mostly related to a lack of available time and an unhealthy environment. Lastly, (social) media was perceived as both a barrier and a facilitator to healthy behaviors.ConclusionThis study has identified education and available professional support in health behaviors and the relevance of healthy behaviors for childhood cancer survivors as key opportunities for stimulating health behavior adoption in childhood cancer survivors. Incorporating health behavior support and interventions for this population should therefore be a high priority.