bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Oral Anticoagulants in Atrial Fibrillation Patients with Polypharmacy: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Zheng Yuxiang , Li Siyuan , Liu Xiao , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Guo Linjuan , Zhu Wengen 
Published: July 2023

Background The aim of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) versus vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients with polypharmacy.
Methods and Results Randomized controlled trials or observational studies reporting the data of NOACs versus VKAs among AF patients with polypharmacy were included. The search was performed in the PubMed and Embase databases up to November 2022. A total of 12 studies involving 767,544 AF patients were included. For the primary outcomes, the use of NOACs compared with VKAs was significantly associated with a reduced risk of stroke or systemic embolism in AF patients with moderate polypharmacy (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.77 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69–0.86]) and severe polypharmacy (HR: 0.76 [95% CI: 0.69–0.82]), but there was no significant difference in major bleeding (moderate polypharmacy: HR: 0.87 [95% CI: 0.74–1.01]; severe polypharmacy: HR: 0.91 [95% CI: 0.79–1.06]) between the two groups. In secondary outcomes, there were no differences in the rates of ischemic stroke, all-cause death, and gastrointestinal bleeding between the NOAC- and VKA- users, but NOAC users had a reduced risk of any bleeding compared with VKA- users. Compared with VKAs, the risk of intracranial hemorrhage was reduced in NOAC- users with moderate polypharmacy but not severe polypharmacy.
Conclusion In patients with AF and polypharmacy, NOACs showed advantages over VKAs in stroke or systemic embolism and any bleeding, and were comparable to VKAs for major bleeding, ischemic stroke, all-cause death, intracranial hemorrhage, and gastrointestinal bleeding.
D-β-Hydroxybutyrate Dehydrogenase Mitigates Diabetes-Induced Atherosclerosis through the Activation of Nrf2
Authors: Lin Jie , Ren Qian , Zhang Fanjie , Gui Jing , Xiang Xin , Wan Qin 
Published: July 2023

Background We aimed to investigate the role and mechanism of β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase 1 (Bdh1) in regulating macrophage oxidative stress in diabetes-induced atherosclerosis (AS).
Methods We performed immunohistochemical analysis of femoral artery sections to determine differences in Bdh1 expression between normal participants, AS patients, and patients with diabetes-induced AS. Diabetic Apoe−/−
mice and high-glucose (HG)-treated Raw264.7 macrophages were used to replicate the diabetes-induced AS model. The role of Bdh1 in this disease model was determined by adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated overexpression of Bdh1 or overexpression or silencing of Bdh1.
Results We observed reduced expression of Bdh1 in patients with diabetes-induced AS, HG-treated macrophages, and diabetic Apoe−/−
mice. AAV-mediated Bdh1 overexpression attenuated aortic plaque formation in diabetic Apoe−/−
mice. Silencing of Bdh1 resulted in increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and an inflammatory response in macrophages, which were reversed by the ROS scavenger N-acetylcysteine. Overexpression of Bdh1 protected Raw264.7 cells from HG-induced cytotoxicity by inhibiting ROS overproduction. In addition, Bdh1 induced oxidative stress through nuclear factor erythroid-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activation by fumarate acid.
Conclusion Bdh1 attenuates AS in Apoe−/−
mice with type 2 diabetes, accelerates lipid degradation, and reduces lipid levels by promoting ketone body metabolism. Moreover, it activates the Nrf2 pathway of Raw264.7 by regulating the metabolic flux of fumarate, which inhibits oxidative stress and leads to a decrease in ROS and inflammatory factor production.
Livestock preference and feeding value as key determinants for forage improvement – why not ask the consumers?
Authors: Norman Hayley C. , Masters David G. 
Published: July 2023

This review presents a new model for a multidisciplinary approach to development of modern forage cultivars to enable high-value meat and wool production in the mixed farming zones of Australia. Many pasture improvement activities focus on biomass production, filling novel agro-ecological niches, fixing nitrogen and phenotypic markers. Key traits that drive profitability of livestock, such as feeding value (FV), and nutritive value (NV), are rarely considered in a timely manner. Farmers are often not seriously engaged until late in the development pipeline. Of the nearly 10 000 publications that reference forage improvement or breeding and Australia, less than 5% also reference ruminant production factors such as FV, metabolisable energy, digestibility, methane or toxicity in the abstract, title or keywords. We make the case that the late engagement of livestock science and farmers results in early discarding of potentially valuable genetic material. This in turn may contribute to market and nutritional limitations that contribute to the high failure rate of new pasture cultivars. Four case studies demonstrated the within and among species variation in FV and NV. The first showed the variability in dry matter digestibility and crude protein of 20 species of herbaceous perennials at different stages of maturity. A second study with annual legumes, grasses and brassicas indicated highly significant differences in the rate of decline of NV over time and across species. The third case study focused on commercial and experimental accessions of lucerne and demonstrated highly significant differences among accessions in NV, with a doubling of livestock growth expected with the lowest and highest NV accessions. These case studies demonstrated the potential risks associated with evaluation of FV and NV after most of the germplasm has been excluded. The final case study described a different model that was used in the identification and commercialisation of a woody perennial species. This process incorporated a multidisciplinary team, farmers and livestock-relevant characteristics from the start. In 9 years, Anameka™ oldman saltbush was selected for higher palatability, 20% higher organic-matter digestibility and eight times more biomass than the average of the original genetic material.
Leech breach: a first record of the invasive freshwater leech Helobdella europaea (Hirudinea: Glossiphoniidae) in Fiji
Authors: Rashni Bindiya , Brown Kelly T. , McLenachan Patricia A. , Lockhart Peter J. , Southgate Paul C. , Lal Monal M. 
Published: July 2023

Context The freshwater flat leech Helobdella europaea Kutschera, 1987 is a small annelid indigenous to South America. This invasive species feeds on the haemolymph of host aquatic invertebrates, with occurrences reported from Europe, USA, Taiwan, North Africa, Hawai‘i, Australia and New Zealand. A large number of individuals were discovered in the Ba River catchment, Fiji, during a 2015–2020 freshwater biodiversity survey, raising concerns of potential impacts on endemic Fijian aquatic invertebrate fauna and ecosystem integrity. Aims To facilitate assessments of its spread and ethology, this study employed morphological and phylogenetic analyses for verification of taxonomic identity. Methods Phylogenetic trees were constructed using a 658 bp fragment of the mitochondrial DNA cox1 (COI) gene. The first complete mitochondrial genome sequence of H. europaea was also determined using selective multiple displacement amplification and Oxford Nanopore Technology to provide a reference for future comparative analyses and source tracking of spread to other regions. Key results Morphological and COI analyses identified all Fijian leech specimens collected (n = 16) as H. europaea, reporting the first occurrence of this species on a south-west Pacific Island. The complete mitochondrial genome was sequenced. Conclusions Confirmation of its presence in Fiji is a national biosecurity concern and will guide the Biosecurity Authority of Fiji and national agencies in further ecosystem assessment and response strategies. Implications With the complete mitochondrial genome of H. europaea now available, transmission pathway traceability is possible in other regions where this species may be detected.
Factors associated with the development of coronary artery disease in people with HIV
Authors: Mushin Ari S. , Trevillyan Janine M. , Lee Sue J. , Hearps Anna C. , Hoy Jennifer F. 
Published: July 2023

Background People living with HIV (PLHIV) are at increased risk for coronary artery disease (CAD). This study aimed to describe the features associated with CAD in PLHIV. Methods A case ([n = 160] PLHIV with CAD) control ([n = 317] PLHIV matched by age and sex without CAD) study was performed at the Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia (January 1996 and December 2018). Data collected included CAD risk factors, duration of HIV infection, nadir and at-event CD4+ T-cell counts, CD4:CD8 ratio, HIV viral load, and antiretroviral therapy exposure. Results Participants were predominantly male (n = 465 [97.4%]), with a mean age of 53 years. Traditional risk factors associated with CAD in univariate analysis included hypertension (OR 11.4 [95%CI 5.01, 26.33], P < 0.001), current cigarette smoking (OR 2.5 [95% CI 1.22, 5.09], P = 0.012), and lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (OR 0.14 [95%CI 0.05, 0.37], P < 0.001). There was no association between duration of HIV infection, nadir or current CD4 cell count. However, current and ever exposure to abacavir (cases: 55 [34.4%]; controls: 79 [24.9%], P = 0.023 and cases: 92 [57.5%]; controls: 154 [48.6%], P = 0.048, respectively) was associated with CAD. In conditional logistic regression analysis, current abacavir use, current smoking, and hypertension remained significantly associated (aOR = 1.87 [CI = 1.14, 3.07], aOR = 2.31 [1.32, 4.04], and aOR = 10.30 [5.25, 20.20] respectively). Conclusion Traditional cardiovascular risk factors and exposure to abacavir were associated with CAD in PLHIV. This study highlights that aggressive management of cardiovascular risk factors remains critical for reducing risk in PLHIV.
U=U: the life force given by the mother’s breast
Authors: Tamati Rhonda Marama 
Published: July 2023

The background of this paper starts with the history and significance of the author’s relationship to the Campaign, U=U; Undetectable equals Untransmissable as an Indigenous woman and well-known advocate living with HIV. The methods used in this paper explored an adaptation of a thriving indigenous Health Framework implemented in New Zealand for over 40 years. We anticipate the methods used in this paper along with the U=U Campaign will make the U=U relevant to other Indigenous Peoples. The common threads of the cultures are our creation stories and our rendition of the Health Circle or the Four Pillars. We interviewed and surveyed key community members, family, people living with HIV, and social workers that work in those communities over a period of 6 months; 36 people participated. We shared personal stories anecdotally of her experiences. The results were a health model comparison of U=U from a Māori worldview. Each aspect of the Four Pillars or cornerstones of the model is explained from a personal experience perspective, which is inclusive and reflects a process familiar to Indigenous Peoples and worldviews. We are using stories to relay that information from that particular worldview. In conclusion, after much deliberation, discussions with key people, and personal experiences, we can tie the concept of U=U to an intrinsic framework that other Indigenous Peoples and communities can easily interpret.
The new monstrous and its resonance with Frankenstein
Authors: Thomson David 
Published: July 2023

Short Abstract
The commonplace that monster stories disguise collective anxiety is evaluated within the frame of nine Artificial Intelligence-themed films produced from 1979 and 2018. I conducted a machine learning classification task with the R open-source platform toward illustrating those films’ resonance with Shelley’s 1818 Frankenstein. This study concludes by calling for substitution of text sets in order to answer pressing questions in the digital humanities. In doing so I assert the cognitive mapping potential revealed in computer-aided reading.
Effect of initial microstructure on phase transformation and mechanical properties of Ti–3Al–5Mo–4Cr–2Zr–1Fe alloy
Authors: Zhu Qisong , Lu Bing , Xue Jiayu , Li Feng , Feng Liang , Chang Hui 
Published: July 2023

Phase transformation, microstructure evolution, and mechanical properties of Ti–3Al–5Mo–4Cr–2Zr–1Fe alloy were investigated during a continuous heating process. Three microstructures, specifically lath, duplex, and lamellar structures, were examined. The activation energies for phase transition in these structures were measured as 277, 220, and 193 kJ mol−1, respectively. The phase transition follows: For the lath structure, β transforms into αacicular (550–660°C), αacicular converts to β (660–785°C), αlath does to β (660–850°C); For the duplex structure, β transforms into αacicular (545–660°C), αacicular converts to β (660–770°C), αlath does to β (660–850°C); For the lamellar structure, β transforms into αsecondary (560–615°C), αsecondary converts to β (615–705°C), αlamellar dose to β (615–850°C). The lath and duplex structures exhibited favorable comprehensive properties compared to lamellar microstructure.
Nonuniform electron distributions in a solenoidal ioniser
Authors: Bergin M , Martens J , Dastoor P C 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Solenoidal ionisers are a new class of highly efficient helium detectors that are increasingly important for high resolution atom scattering, molecular scattering and scanning helium microscopy. They operate via electron ionisation, where the electrons are trapped by the magnetic field of a solenoid and additional electrostatic potentials. Their ionisation efficiency scales with the electron population they contain, motivating large devices with high emission currents. However, these detectors typically become unstable at high electron densities, constraining their performance improvement. Through imaging the electron population at the exit of the ioniser, we demonstrate that these instabilities arise from non-uniformities in the electron distribution. Considering the ioniser as a non-neutral plasma leads to the proposal of the formation of a virtual cathode and a plasma instability as the origins of the non-uniformity.
Prediction of the distribution of tractor driver’s eye positions
Authors: Huang Qingyang , Chen Rui , Qiu Ruiqi , Jin Xiaoping 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A predictive model of tractor driver’s eye positions based on the anthropometric parameters and tractor cab layout parameters was established using the statistical approach. To our knowledge, this model is the first published predictive model of tractor drivers’ eye positions that takes account of their body dimensions and tractor types. In order to predict the distribution of the drivers’ eye positions precisely, the fore-and-aft positions of the driving seat determined by 180 tractor drivers in three different tractors and the relative positions of the eyes to the designated reference points were recorded to quantitatively demonstrate the distribution rule of their eye positions. The multiple linear regression and principal component analysis were adopted to processing the feature parameters of human and tractor, and the prediction effect of the model was assessed according to the proportion of the driver’s eye positions from side view those were within the range of the eyellipse model. The experimental result revealed that the centroid positions and principal axis dip angle of the model differed from each other respectively, while the axis lengths were the same. The principal axis dip angle was horizontal or oblique forward-and-upward. And the tractor layout parameters had a significant impact on the centroid coordinate and principal axis dip angle of the model, while the dimension of the model was associated with the anthropometric parameters mainly. The prediction accuracy of the model exceeded 80%. The regression predictive model provides a reference tool for the visual field design of tractor displays and cab layouts.
Neural inertial navigation system on pedestrian
Authors: Huang Fengrong , Gao Min , Liu Qinglin , Tang Fulin , Wu Yihong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The recent research shows that data-driven inertia navigation technology can significantly alleviate the drift error of micro-electro-mechanical system inertial measurement unit (MEMS-IMU) in pedestrian localization. However, most existing methods must rely on attitude information provided by external procedure (such as smartphone API), which violates the original intention of full autonomy of inertial navigation, and attitude information is also inaccurate. To address the problem, we propose a pedestrian indoor neural inertial navigation system that does not rely on external information and is only based on low-cost MEMS-IMU. First, a deep learning based neural inertial network was designed to estimate attitude. Then, in order to obtain position estimation with both global and local accuracy, an invariant extended Kalman filter (IEKF) framework was proposed, where 3D displacement and its uncertainty regressed by a deep residual network are utilized to update IEKF. Extensive experimental results on a public dataset and a self-collected dataset show that the proposed method provides accurate attitude estimation and outperforms state-of-the-art methods in position estimation, demonstrating the superiority of our method in reliability and accuracy.
In situ anchoring of Fe3O4/CNTs hybrids on basalt fiber for efficient electromagnetic wave absorption
Authors: Si Tiantian , Xie Shuai , Ji Zhijiang , Wu Zihao , Ma Chao , Wu Junyu , Wang Jing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The development of practical and efficient electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbing materials is a challenging research problem. A mussel-inspired molecular structure regulation strategy using polydopamine to increase the roughness and functional groups of basalt fiber (BF) surface, which can improve the fiber interfacial adhesion. Herein, a novel BF-Fe3O4/CNTs heterostructure is synthesized through a dip-coating adsorption process. The three-dimensional network structure of Fe3O4/CNTs hybrid in situ anchored on the surface of BF, which endows the composite to have good intrinsic magnetic and dielectric properties. Modulation of EMW absorption performance by controlling the addition of CNTs, the minimum RL of BF-Fe3O4/7C reaches to −40.57 dB at a thickness of 1.5 mm with CNTs addition of 7%. The enhanced EMW absorption performance of BF-Fe3O4/7C heterostructure may be attributed to the synergistic effects of interfacial polarization between the hollow magnetic Fe3O4 spheres and CNTs, conduction loss, magnetic resonance loss and multiple reflection/scattering inside the BF. This work provides a simple pathway to design EMW absorbing materials with good environmental stability.
Array density effect on the optical and photoelectric properties of silicon nanowire arrays via Ag-assisted chemical etching
Authors: Chen Hui , Shi Yihao , Qin Jiahao , Sheng Guangshang , Zhang Cheng , Zhang Bingchang , Zhang Xiaohong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Ag-assisted chemical etching (AgACE) is a low-cost method to produce silicon nanowires (SiNWs) for photoelectric applications. Structure parameters of SiNWs have great impact on their optical and photoelectric properties, which are worth studying for fabricating high-performance devices. However, array density of SiNWs via AgACE, as an important structural parameter, has not been sufficiently investigated. Here, array density effect on the optical and photoelectric properties of SiNWs is experimentally investigated. SiNW arrays with different densities (silicon occupation ratio of 7%–34.5%) were prepared through controlling the reaction time of silicon wafers in the seed solution (t
seed). The SiNW array with a t
seed of 90 s shows optimum light absorption over 98% in the wavelength range of 300–1000 nm, though all the samples have light absorption over 95% due to the light trapping effect of nanowire array structure. In addition, the SiNW array with a t
seed of 90 s exhibits the best photoelectric property. SiNW arrays with shorter t
seed and higher density suffer more surface recombination, harming the photoelectric property. In SiNW arrays with longer t
seed than 90 s and lower density, some SiNWs topple down and break, which has an adverse effect on transport and collection of carriers. These results indicate that the array density of SiNWs via AgACE has obvious effect on their photoelectric property. SiNW arrays via AgACE with a t
seed of 90 s are ideal for photoelectric devices. This work is potential to guide SiNW fabrication for photoelectric applications.
Direct synthesis of nanopatterned epitaxial graphene on silicon carbide
Authors: Katzmarek David A , Mancini Andrea , Maier Stefan A , Iacopi Francesca 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This article introduces a straightforward approach for the direct synthesis of transfer-free, nanopatterned epitaxial graphene on silicon carbide on silicon substrates. A catalytic alloy tailored to optimal SiC graphitization is pre-patterned with common lithography and lift-off techniques to form planar graphene structures on top of an unpatterned SiC layer. This method is compatible with both electron-beam lithography and UV-lithography, and graphene gratings down to at least ∼100 nm width/space can be realized at the wafer scale. The minimum pitch is limited by the flow of the metal catalyst during the liquid-phase graphitization process. We expect that the current pitch resolution could be further improved by optimizing the metal deposition method and lift-off process.
On the vorticity direction and the regularity of 3D Navier–Stokes equations
Authors: Berselli Luigi C 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This short paper presents a simplified and alternative proof of the regularity of weak solutions to the 3D Navier–Stokes equations with ‘sufficiently small’ jumps in the vorticity direction. Although the main result is very similar to a previously proven one, there are some relevant differences. Specifically, we prove that the smallness condition regarding the angle spanned by the vorticity direction needs to be checked, for each point x in the domain, only over a discrete set of surrounding points. These points lie in the direction of the coordinate axes and have a fixed positive distance from x. This is achieved by using a more direct approach which does not rely on the use of singular integrals theory, but which requires estimates on higher-order derivatives of the velocity.