bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Transforming microseismic clouds into near real-time visualization of the growing hydraulic fracture
Authors: Glubokovskikh Stanislav , Sherman Christopher S , Morris Joseph P , Alumbaugh David L 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARY
Microseismic observations during unconventional reservoir stimulation are typically seen as a proxy for clusters of hydraulic fractures and the extent of the stimulated reservoir. Such straightforward interpretation is often misleading and fails to provide a physically reasonable image of the fracturing process. This paper demonstrates the application of a physics-based machine learning algorithm which enables a rapid and accurate fracture mapping from the microseismic data. Our training and validation data set relies on a history-matched geomechanical modelling workflow implemented in GEOS software for the Hydraulic Fracturing Test Site 1 (HFTS-1) project. For this study we augmented the simulated fracture growth through geostatistical modelling of induced seismicity, so that the synthetic microseismic catalogue matches the main statistical properties of the field observations. We formulated the problem of mapping the actual fracture in the clutter of events to parallel common video segmentation workflows: several past video frames (microseismic density snapshots) are passed through a deep convolutional network to classify whether a given voxel is associated with a fracture or intact rock. We found that for accurate fracture mapping, the network’s input and architecture must be augmented to incorporate the fluid injection parameters (pressure, rate, concentration of proppant, and location of the perforation within the cluster). The error rate for the network reached as little as 10 per cent of the fracture area, while a conventional microseismic interpretation approach yielded ∼300 per cent. Our approach also yields must faster predictions than conventional methods (minutes instead of weeks), and could enable engineers to make rapid decisions regarding engineering parameters (pumping rate, viscosity) in real time during stimulation.
Combining Love and Rayleigh waves in detecting and locating seismic sources
Authors: Fan Wenyuan 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYSurface waves are critical in detecting and locating seismic sources that do not produce much high-frequency radiation. For such sources, typical approaches using body waves for detecting and locating earthquakes are less effective. Slow earthquakes and exotic seismic sources often have this seismic radiation characteristic, and array analyses of surface waves recorded on global and regional seismic networks have proven effective in recognizing such sources. Most approaches have relied on Rayleigh waves, whereas Love waves have rarely been used. Here we develop a new approach using multiscale arrays to detect and locate seismic sources with both Love and Rayleigh surface waves. The method first forms three-station subarrays and then uses three-component records of the stations to independently estimate three sets of surface wave propagation directions and centroid arrival times. The subarray estimates are then assembled to locate seismic sources and their origin times. We find that using multiple, disconnected global networks improves location accuracy and that using both types of surface waves can enhance detection sensitivity and robustness.
Rock acoustics of CO2 storage in basalt
Authors: Carcione José M , Qadrouh Ayman N , Alajmi Mamdoh , Alqahtani Naif B , Ba Jing 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARY
We simulate variations in the P- and S-wave velocities due to CO2 injection in basalt, caused by water replacement and mineralization in the form of carbonate cements. Carbonization can be monitored with seismic data on the basis of changes in velocity. We consider basalts composed of (Fe, Ca and Mg) minerals mainly, and the pore space is assumed to be initially saturated with water. The mineralization is based on a model that estimates the volume of precipitated cement and resulting porosity loss, and the velocities as a function of injection time are calculated with a patchy cement model. In the example, there are two stages: 1 week of CO2 injection and 29 weeks of frame cementation. After 1 week, water has been replaced by CO2, where density and P-wave velocity decrease, and cementation implies an increase in bulk density, P-wave velocity, whereas porosity and surface area are reduced. To our knowledge there are no models relating the effects of carbon mineralization on seismic properties. The present model can be applied to other rocks, where CO2 injection induces mineralization and storage.
O-203 Unexplained infertility: diagnosis by exclusion
Authors: Ata B , Bhattacharya S , Bosch E , Costello M , Dos Santos-Ribeiro S , Gersak K , Homburg R , Le Clef N , Mincheva M , Norman R , Piltonen T , Scicluna D , Somers S , Sunkara S K , Verhoeve H , Romualdi D 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Study question: What is the optimal work-up to establish the diagnosis of unexplained infertility, based on the best available evidence in the literature?
Summary answer: The ESHRE Guideline on Unexplained Infertility provides 35 recommendations on the diagnosis of unexplained infertility.
What is known already? The diagnosis of unexplained infertility is made when no abnormalities of the female and/or male reproductive systems are clearly identified. UI is inevitably a diagnosis by exclusion, after “standard” investigations. However, a real standardization of the diagnostic work-up is still lacking.
Study design, size, duration: The guideline was developed according to the structured methodology for the development of ESHRE guidelines. First, a group of experts formulated the key questions. Literature searches and assessments were then performed. Papers written in English and published up to 24 October 2022 were included in the review. Prior to publication, the guideline was reviewed by independent international reviewers.
Participants/materials, setting, methods: Based on the collected evidence, recommendations were formulated and discussed until consensus was reached within the guideline group. A stakeholders’ review was organized after the finalization of the draft. The revised version was approved by the guideline group and the ESHRE Executive Committee.
Main results and the role of chance: This guideline aims to help clinicians in delivering the optimal care for couples with unexplained infertility. Since unexplained infertility is a diagnosis of exclusion, this lecture will focus on the diagnostic procedures that couples should/could go through during the infertility work-up, and will analyse the need for additional diagnostic tests to establish the diagnosis of unexplained infertility. The guideline has been in stakeholder review and is prepared for submission in 2023.
Limitations, reasons for caution: Most diagnostic tests and interventions in couples with unexplained infertility are not well studied. For a large proportion of these tests, evidence was very limited and of very low quality. Further studies are definitely needed in this field, possibly providing reliable data for revisiting the current recommendations.
Wider implications of the findings: Based on the best available evidence, the guideline provides clinicians with clear advice on how to optimize the diagnostic approach to couples with unexplained infertility. In addition, a list of research recommendations is included to prompt further studies in the field.
Study funding/competing interest(s) The guideline was developed and funded by ESHRE, that covered expenses associated with the guideline meetings, with the literature searches and with the dissemination of the guideline. The guideline group members did not
Integration in mixed-methods studies: existing practices, considerations and recommendations for pharmacy research
Authors: Murry Logan T , Fadare Olajide O , Al-Khatib Arwa , Witry Matthew J 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMixed methods research is increasingly used to investigate complex issues in health and healthcare. Purposeful integration of the qualitative and quantitative strands has a significant potential to yield insights that exceed the value of a study’s constituent qualitative and quantitative components alone. The philosophical foundations of mixed methods in pragmatism support the importance of integration as a focus of designing and conducting mixed methods research. Integration can be facilitated by considering and employing study components such as distinct mixed methods research questions, sampling strategies, data transformations, joint data displays and integrated narrative discussions. This manuscript explores the importance of integration in mixed-methods research, provides examples of these techniques used in pharmacy research and offers practical recommendations for implementing these techniques.
Eye-Controlled Cursor Stabilization Technique Based on Optimal Estimation
Authors: Yin Jibin , Wang Yingtao , Chen Cheng , Zhang Xiangliang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this study, we propose a stabilization algorithm based on optimal estimation to improve the stability of the eye-controlled cursor. The main principle is that the optimal result of the cursor state at the previous moment is used to calculate the predicted value of the current cursor state (a priori estimate). Then, the actual state of the cursor given by the eye tracker is used to correct the predicted value so as to move the cursor smoothly and stably. To verify the performance of the proposed eye-controlled cursor stabilization technique, we designed two sets of control experiments to compare our technique with two classical eye-controlled cursor stabilization techniques: manual and gaze input cascaded and warping to target centre. The experimental results show our stabilization algorithm significantly improves the performance speed of the eye-controlled cursor and reduces the error rate. It is additionally more accessible for users and has good application potential.
Understanding patient and healthcare worker experiences and perspectives of multidrug-resistant organisms
Authors: Watson Eliza , Tsindos Tess , Peleg Anton Y , Bass Pauline , Stewardson Andrew J , Ayton Darshini , Peel Trisha 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Transmission of MDR organisms (MROs) such as carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) and VRE in healthcare facilities is a major issue globally. Knowledge gaps exist, including the impact of these microorganisms on patients, and healthcare worker understanding of infection control approaches for MROs. This study aimed to explore patient and healthcare worker experiences and perspectives of MROs.

Methods
A sequential exploratory mixed-methods study was performed at a large metropolitan acute and subacute hospital. This involved semi-structured face-to-face interviews with patients with confirmed MROs to explore their understanding of these microorganisms and perceptions of their time in hospital. Healthcare workers participated in an online survey about their understanding of MROs and the care of patients with these microorganisms. Qualitative data were analysed using the COM-B framework, and were triangulated with the descriptive quantitative analysis.

Results
The overarching theme from the triangulated data was uncertainty amongst both patients and staff about MROs. Insufficient explanations from staff left patients lacking a proper understanding of their diagnosis, and patients felt that staff did not always follow isolation protocols. Staff felt they did not receive enough education on MROs. However, patients felt that the overall care they received was very good, and most valued the privacy gained from being in isolation.

Conclusions
This study demonstrates that there is a need to focus on new strategies of communication with patients and staff education to improve understanding of MROs and increase adherence to protocols.
Toward ensuring care quality and safety across settings: examining time pressure in a nursing home with observational time motion study metrics based on the Omaha system
Authors: Kang Yu Jin , Mueller Christine A , Gaugler Joseph E , Mathiason Moore Michelle A , Monsen Karen A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Meaningful data to determine safe and efficient nursing workload are needed. Reasoning a nurse can accomplish a finite number of interventions and location changes per hour, examination of time pressure using time motion study (TMS) methods will provide a comparable indication of safe and efficient workload for an individual nurse.

Methods
An observer shadowed 11 nurses at a 250-bed nursing home in the Southeastern United States and recorded 160 h of observations using TimeCaT, web-based TMS data recording software. Predefined Omaha System nursing interventions (N = 57) and locations (N = 8) were embedded within TimeCaT. The time-stamped data were downloaded from TimeCaT and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Five time pressure metrics were derived from previous TMS findings in acute care settings.

Results
Overall, nurses spent 66 s for each intervention, performed 65 interventions per hour, stayed 130 s at each location, changed locations 28 times per hour, and multitasked for 29% of working time. Computed hourly time pressure metrics enabled visualization of variability in time pressure metrics over time, with differences in multitasking by licensure, unit/role, and observation session time.

Conclusions
Nursing home nurses consistently experienced a high degree of time pressure, especially multitasking for one-third of their working time. To inform staffing decision making and improve the quality of care, resident outcomes, and nurse satisfaction, it is critical to identify ways to mitigate time pressure. Additional research is needed to refine and extend the use of the time pressure metrics.
Reproductive microbiome and cytokine profiles associated with fertility outcomes of postpartum beef cows
Authors: Smith Molly S , Hickman-Brown Kyle J , McAnally Brooke E , Oliveira Filho Ramiro V , de Melo Gabriela Dalmaso , Pohler Ky G , Poole Rebecca K 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Shifts from commensal bacteria (for example, Lactobacillus in the phylum Firmicutes) within the reproductive tract have been associated with changes in local reproductive immune responses and decreased fertility in humans. The objective of this study was to characterize the microbiome and cytokine concentrations before artificial insemination (AI) in vaginal and uterine flushes from postpartum beef cows. Twenty Bos indicus-influenced beef cows (approximately 60 d postpartum and free of reproductive, health, or physical issues) were enrolled. The B. indicus prostaglandin (PG) 5-d + controlled intervaginal drug-releasing estrus synchronization protocol was initiated on day −8 of the study with timed AI on d0. Blood samples were collected on days −3, −1, and 28 via coccygeal venipuncture. Vaginal and uterine flushes were collected on days −3 and −1. Based on days 28 pregnancy status determined by transrectal ultrasonography, cows were identified as either Open (n = 13) or Pregnant (n = 7). Bacterial community analyses were conducted targeting the V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene. Cytokine analyses were performed using the RayBiotech Quantibody Bovine Cytokine Array Q1 and MyBioSource ELISA kits per the manufacturer’s instructions. Statistical analyses for bacteria relative abundance were conducted using PROC NPAR1WAY and for cytokine concentrations using PROC GLM in SAS 9.4. Uterine concentrations of interferon γ, interleukin (IL)1α, and IL21 were greater in Open than in Pregnant cows (P &lt; 0.05). Regardless of pregnancy status, uterine IL13 increased from days −3 to −1 (9.76 vs. 39.48 ± 9.28 pg/mL, respectively; P &lt; 0.05). Uterine relative abundance of the phylum Firmicutes decreased from days −3 to −1 in Open cows (60.4% ± 0.9% vs. 48.5% ± 3.2%; P = 0.004). In Open cows, the genus Blautia decreased in relative abundance within the uterus from days −3 to −1 (2.1% ± 0.2% vs. 0.9% ± 0.1%; P = 0.002). Uterine relative abundance of the phylum Tenericutes increased from days −3 to −1 in Pregnant cows (1.0% ± 0.1% vs. 7.6% ± 4.1%; P = 0.002). In Pregnant cows, the genus Ureaplasma tended to increase within the uterus from days −3 to −1 (0.08% ± 0.06% vs. 7.3% ± 4.1%; P = 0.054). These findings suggest a distinct difference in the reproductive microbiome and cytokine profiles before AI for resulting Open vs. Pregnant cows.
Analyzing captive breeding outcomes to inform reintroduction practice: lessons from the pookila (Pseudomys novaehollandiae)
Authors: Smith Kiarrah J , Evans Maldwyn J , Gordon Iain J , Pierson Jennifer C , Newport Jenny , Manning Adrian D 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Captive breeding is often used to produce individuals for reintroduction programs in order to reestablish a species in an area where it has become locally extinct. To maximize the likelihood of establishing a self-sustaining population in the wild, an analysis of data from captive breeding programs is commonly undertaken to (1) increase the quantity of individuals and rate at which they can be released, and (2) maintain or improve the genetic and phenotypic quality of individuals. Here we demonstrate how the knowledge gained from these analyses can also be applied to decision-making during the design of subsequent reintroductions to further advance a reintroduction program toward success. We conducted an analysis of data from a captive breeding program for the threatened pookila (Pseudomys novaehollandiae, New Holland mouse) spanning 6 years. We found evidence for relationships between the reproductive output of pookila and behavioral, demographic, experiential, health, and physiological predictors. Based on a biological interpretation of these results, and with reference to a checklist of all known translocation tactics, we recommend 11 specific design elements to maximize the probability of pookila reproduction postrelease (thereby improving the likelihood of reintroduction success). These recommendations should be interpreted as hypotheses to be evaluated and refined in future reintroduction trials for the pookila. The uncertainty around the postrelease survival and reproduction of a species that is common in reintroduction practice warrants the creative use of existing data to inform adaptive management. Indeed, there is a wealth information in well-kept captive breeding records that is currently underused by reintroduction practitioners. The direct integration of knowledge derived from captive breeding (where available) with decision-making for reintroductions, as described here, will help navigate these uncertainties, which would benefit the conservation of both understudied and well-known species around the world.
Self-assessment toolkit for energy anti-money laundering: unveiling key lessons from high-profile case studies
Authors: Faccia Alessio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Money laundering is pervasive across industries, including the energy sector. This article examines nine high-profile money laundering cases in the energy industry from anti-money laundering (AML) perspective. By analysing these cases, criminal strategies and patterns used to launder money in the energy sector are uncovered. This research findings reveal that money launderers in the energy sector employ various tactics, such as shell companies, false invoicing and complex international transactions. It also identifies common patterns that emerge across multiple cases, including using intermediaries, exploiting regulatory loopholes and weak links in the supply chain. The analysis provides key insights that AML enforcement officials and regulators can use to develop more effective strategies for preventing money laundering in the energy industry. In conclusion, the research outlines a comprehensive framework that regulators can use to strengthen AML controls and reduce the risk of money laundering in the energy sector. The proposed utility function considers a weighted score toolkit for the countries’ self-assessment of the AML enforcement effectiveness in the energy sector.
Nitrate Reductase Assay for Rapid Determination of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates
Authors: Yildirim Kubra , Atas Cemilenur , Tanyel Akcit Esra , Licina Majda , Koyuncu Ozyurt Ozlem , Gun Mehmet Akif , Simsek Ece , Coban Ahmet Yilmaz 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the performance of nitrate reductase assay (NRA), a rapid, colorimetric method for the determination of methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from the culture collection of the Akdeniz University Hospital Central Laboratory, Antalya, Türkiye.

Materials and Methods
Identification for all 290 S aureus isolates at the species level was performed via matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight. Isolates were tested with NRA for methicillin resistance. The cefoxitin broth microdilution (BMD) method recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute was used as the reference method in the study. S aureus ATCC 29213 and S aureus ATCC 43300 strains were used for quality control.

Results
According to Food and Drug Administration criteria, the category agreement between NRA and BMD was found to be 100%. The essential agreement between both methods was determined to be 96.20%. There is no minor, major, or extremely major discrepancy between both methods.

Conclusion
The results show that NRA is a rapid, practical, and reliable colorimetric method for detecting MRSA.
AMPK promotes lysosomal and mitochondrial biogenesis via folliculin:FNIP1
Authors: Freemantle Jordana B , Hardie D Grahame 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is known to maintain the integrity of cellular mitochondrial networks by (i) promoting fission, (ii) inhibiting fusion, (iii) promoting recycling of damaged components via mitophagy, (iv) enhancing lysosomal biogenesis to support mitophagy, and (v) promoting biogenesis of new mitochondrial components. While the AMPK targets underlying the first three of these effects are known, a recent paper suggests that direct phosphorylation of the folliculin-interacting protein 1 (FNIP1) by AMPK may be involved in the remaining two.