bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low Apgar score and need for resuscitation increased the probability of receiving therapeutic hypothermia more strongly than acidosis at birth
Authors: Lagerström Ida , Daugeliene Dalia , Bolk Jenny , Cnattingius Sven , Skiöld Beatrice , Altman Maria , Johansson Stefan 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to investigate how individual markers for birth asphyxia, so‐called A criteria, were associated with the probability of receiving therapeutic hypothermia.MethodsThis population‐based cohort study included 1336 live‐born singleton term infants with any A criterion in the Stockholm‐Gotland Region, Sweden during 2008 to 2014. The Swedish Neonatal Quality Register and National Patient Register were used for data collection. Results were presented as adjusted odds ratios (aORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).ResultsThere were 89 infants, 44 boys and 45 girls with mean gestational age 40.5 weeks, who received therapeutic hypothermia. Low Apgar score, aOR 12.44 (95% CI 5.99–25.86), and resuscitation, aOR 9.18 (95% CI 3.77–22.34), were strongly associated with therapeutic hypothermia. A pH <7.0 was less associated with the outcome, aOR 2.02 (95% CI 1.02–4.0). No infant who received therapeutic hypothermia fulfilled the criteria of base deficit ≥16 mmol/L only.ConclusionA low Apgar score of and/or a need for resuscitation is more relevant for identifying infants eligible for therapeutic hypothermia, compared to other A criteria. This knowledge could be used clinically to identify cases for review and avoid unnecessary monitoring of infants.
Economic and social inclusion of person with disability and transgender through skills development program of BRAC: A qualitative study
Authors: Shatil Tanvir , Kamruzzaman Md , Islam M. Rezaul 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article is based on the Skills Training for Advancing Resources (STAR) project for the youth initiative of the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC) in Bangladesh. The objective was to explore the consequences of social and economic inclusion of this project for the persons with disability (PWDs) and transgender (TG) youth people. The research focused on how inclusive programmatic interventions created multidimensional impacts among the “marginalized” and “excluded” PWD and TG youths at the grassroots level. This study adopted a qualitative approach where in‐depth case interviews and observation were applied for data collection. PWD and TG graduates, master craft persons (MCPs), employers, and program staff members were the participants in this study. Results found that PWD and TG youths faced vulnerabilities and social stigma in their lives and livelihood trajectories due to their physical inability and low level of social dignity. The STAR project has a certain level of contribution to the livelihoods of PWD and TG people, where these helped them to gain their social, cultural, and economic capital. Findings would be an important guideline for policymakers, NGO managers, and human rights workers.
Links between repeating and growing pattern knowledge and math outcomes in children and adults
Authors: Borriello Giulia A. , Grenell Amanda , Vest Nicholas A. , Moore Kyler , Fyfe Emily R. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study examined repeating and growing pattern knowledge and their associations with procedural and conceptual arithmetic knowledge in a sample of U.S. children (N = 185; Mage = 79.5 months; 55% female; 88% White) and adults (N = 93; Mage = 19.5 years; 62% female; 66% White) from 2019 to 2020. Three key findings emerged: (1) repeating pattern tasks were easier than growing pattern tasks, (2) repeating pattern knowledge robustly predicted procedural calculation skills over and above growing pattern knowledge and covariates, and (3) growing pattern knowledge modestly predicted procedural and conceptual math outcomes over and above repeating pattern knowledge and covariates. We expand existing theoretical models to incorporate these specific links and discuss implications for supporting math knowledge.
Astrocytic mitochondrial frataxin—A promising target for ischemic brain injury
Authors: Hazra Rimi , Novelli Enrico M. , Hu Xiaoming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn the ischemic brain, hypoxia leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, insufficient energy production, and astrocyte activation. Yet, most studies investigating mitochondrial dysfunction in cerebral ischemia have focused exclusively on neurons. This review will highlight the importance of the morphological, molecular, and functional heterogeneity of astrocytes in their role in brain injuries and explore how activated astrocytes exhibit calcium imbalance, reactive oxygen species overproduction, and apoptosis. In addition, special focus will be given to the role of the mitochondrial protein frataxin in activated astrocytes during ischemia and its putative role in the pharmacological management of cerebral ischemia.
Change in climatically suitable breeding distributions reduces hybridization potential between Vermivora warblers
Authors: Hightower Jessica N. , Crawford Dolly L. , Thogmartin Wayne E. , Aldinger Kyle R. , Swarthout Sara Barker , Buehler David A. , Confer John , Friis Christian , Larkin Jeffery L. , Lowe James D. , Piorkowski Martin , Rohrbaugh Ronald W. , Rosenberg Kenneth V. , Smalling Curtis , Wood Petra B. , Vallender Rachel , Roth Amber M. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimClimate change is affecting the distribution of species and subsequent biotic interactions, including hybridization potential. The imperiled Golden‐winged Warbler (GWWA) competes and hybridizes with the Blue‐winged Warbler (BWWA), which may threaten the persistence of GWWA due to introgression. We examined how climate change is likely to alter the breeding distributions and potential for hybridization between GWWA and BWWA.LocationNorth America.MethodsWe used GWWA and BWWA occurrence data to model climatically suitable conditions under historical and future climate scenarios. Models were parameterized with 13 bioclimatic variables and 3 topographic variables. Using ensemble modeling, we estimated historical and modern distributions, as well as a projected distribution under six future climate scenarios. We quantified breeding distribution area, the position of and amount of overlap between GWWA and BWWA distributions under each climate scenario. We summarized the top explanatory variables in our model to predict environmental parameters of the distributions under future climate scenarios relative to historical climate.ResultsGWWA and BWWA distributions are projected to substantially change under future climate scenarios. GWWA are projected to undergo the greatest change; the area of climatically suitable breeding season conditions is expected to shift north to northwest; and range contraction is predicted in five out of six future climate scenarios. Climatically suitable conditions for BWWA decreased in four of the six future climate scenarios, while the distribution is projected to shift east. A reduction in overlapping distributions for GWWA and BWWA is projected under all six future climate scenarios.Main ConclusionsClimate change is expected to substantially alter the area of climatically suitable conditions for GWWA and BWWA, with the southern portion of the current breeding ranges likely to become climatically unsuitable. However, interactions between BWWA and GWWA are expected to decline with the decrease in overlapping habitat, which may reduce the risk of genetic introgression.
An Ethics of Refusal: The Insistence of Possibles as a Speculative Pragmatic Challenge to Systemic Racism in Education
Authors: Mikulan Petra 
Published: December 2022

AbstractTo address an ethics of refusal in higher education is to wager in the name of future possibles not already governed by the extractive politics of colonial progress and oppressive regimes of knowing and doing. In this essay, Petra Mikulan shows American pragmatism to have always been, in a certain sense, post‐Anthropocene in its condition of emergence, bound up with settler colonialism and its extractive geopolitics. However, pragmatism in its speculative trust can also help engage education in thinking of a future that does not belong to a presupposed humanity and its “nature” by dramatizing a certain insistence of educational institutions on maintaining comfort and trust in the “common good.” What is at stake in education facing planetary ecological devastation and intensified racial and social injustices, Mikulan contends, is an ethics of refusal of institutionalized learning, knowing, and doing tout court, particularly if these educational regimes continue to insist on governing what are deemed the only possible (and thus impossible) enactments of education.
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura secondary to COVID‐19 vaccination: A systematic review
Authors: Bidari Ali , Asgarian Sara , Pour Mohammad Arash , Naderi Delaram , Anaraki Shiva Rahimipour , Gholizadeh Mesgarha Milad , Naderkhani Mahya 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIntroductionThis systematic review aimed to retrieve patients diagnosed with de novo immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) after COVID‐19 immunization to determine their epidemiological characteristics, clinical course, therapeutic strategies, and outcome.Materials and MethodsWe conducted the review using four major databases, comprising PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane library, until April 2022. A systematic search was performed in duplicate to access eligible articles in English. Furthermore, a manual search was applied to the chosen papers' references to enhance the search sensitivity. Data were extracted and analyzed with the SPSS 20.1 software.ResultsA total of 77 patients with de novo COVID‐19 vaccine‐associated ITP were identified from 41 studies, including 31 case reports and 10 case series. The median age of patients who developed COVID‐19 vaccine‐associated ITP was 54 years (IQR 36–72 years). The mRNA‐based COVID‐19 vaccines, including BNT16B2b2 and mRNA‐1273, were most implicated (75.4%). Those were followed by the adenovirus vector‐based vaccines, inclusive of ChAdOx1 nCoV‐19 and vAd26.COV2.S. No report was found relating ITP to other COVID‐19 vaccines. Most cases (79.2%) developed ITP after the first dose of COVID‐19 vaccination. 75% of the patients developed ITP within 12 days of vaccination, indicating a shorter lag time compared to ITP after routine childhood vaccinations. Sixty‐seven patients (87%) patients were hospitalized. The management pattern was similar to primary ITP, and systemic glucocorticoids, IVIg, or both were the basis of the treatment in most patients. Most patients achieved therapeutic goals; only two individuals required a secondary admission, and one patient who presented with intracranial hemorrhage died of the complication.ConclusionsDe novo ITP is a rare complication of COVID‐19 vaccination, and corresponding reports belong to mRNA‐based and adenovirus vector‐based vaccines, in order of frequency. This frequency pattern may be related to the scale of administration of individual vaccines and their potency in inducing autoimmunity. The more the COVID‐19 vaccine is potent to induce antigenic challenge, the shorter the lag time would be. Most patients had a benign course and responded to typical treatments of primary ITP.
Coordination of economics spectra in leaf, stem and root within the genus Artemisia along a large environmental gradient in China
Authors: Liu Rong , Yang Xuejun , Gao Ruiru , Huang Zhenying , Cornelissen Johannes H. C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimThe plant economics spectrum provides a fundamental framework for understanding functional trait variation along environmental gradients. However, it is unclear whether there is a general whole‐plant economics spectrum across organs at the finer taxonomic scale (e.g. within genera), and if there is, which factors affect the trait coordination of the different organs. Here, we examined whether resource economics spectra of different organs (i.e. leaf, stem and root) can be integrated at the whole‐plant level within a single genus, and how environment, intraspecific variation and taxonomic scale shape the whole‐plant spectrum.LocationChina.Time period2018.Major taxa studiedArtemisia.MethodsWe sampled 1,022 individuals of 62 Artemisia species in central and eastern China to test trait coordination patterns from organ to whole‐plant level. From the resource economics spectrum perspective, 15 traits were chosen to represent the trade‐off between structural and nutrient investments, including organs’ C, N, P and dry matter content, specific leaf area, specific stem length and specific root length.ResultsPairwise trait correlations and the trade‐off patterns along the resource economic axis were consistent at both organ and whole‐plant levels. Environmental gradients did not strongly affect the correlations among leaf, stem and root economics spectra, that is, the intraspecific variation weakened but did not mask this coordination. Taxonomic scale did not affect the degree of trait coordination as the genus‐wide whole‐plant economics spectrum also emerged within each of the three subgenera.Main conclusionsOur results support the hypothesis that the coordination of economics spectra across organs forms a whole‐plant economics spectrum representing a ‘fast–slow’ resource management strategy, which is robust to recent evolution (genotypic variation, even for species within a single genus) and present‐day environmental variation. Further studies should elucidate in which circumstances or phylogenetic branches the coordinated pattern found for Artemisia is representative of other widely distributed genera.
Synthesis of high‐performance mullite ceramics based on associated rare‐earth kaolin
Authors: Gao Xiong , Feng Xueru , Zhang Deng , Zhang Jiamin , Peng Yuqing , Pan Zhicheng , Dai Zongming 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe objective of this work was to prepare high‐purity, high‐strength mullite ceramics from low‐cost, associated rare‐earth kaolin (AREK). A reaction sintering process using calcined AREK and γ‐Al2O3 powders was used to synthesize high‐performance mullite ceramics. Mineralogical, morphological, and chemical characteristics of AREK were given. The effects of associated REEs in kaolin and sintering temperature on the microstructural evolution, phase transformation, and physical properties of mullite were studied. The results showed that the mullite contents were 98.8%, the maximum aspect ratio was 8.22 μm, the relative density was 93.04%, and the micro‐Vickers hardness and flexural strength were 10.63 GPa and 184.24 MPa, after sintering at 1500°C for 4 h. For comparison, calcined without rare‐earth kaolin was also employed as a raw material to synthesize mullite ceramics, and the mullite content prepared by sintering the two kaolin clays at 1320–1480°C for 4 h was quite similar. However, mullite prepared using AREK forms secondary mullite in the temperature range of 1480–1500°C with a significantly higher mullite content, and therefore, the advantages of preparing mullite based on AREK as the raw material are high purity, low mullitization temperature, and high strength.
The coming of age of neutrophil extracellular traps in thrombosis: Where are we now and where are we headed?
Authors: Van Bruggen Stijn , Martinod Kimberly 
Published: December 2022

SummaryThrombosis remains a major problem in our society, manifesting across multiple demographic groups and with high associated morbidity and mortality. Thrombus development is the result of a complex mechanism in which multiple cell types and soluble factors play a crucial role. One cell that has gained the most attention in recent years is the neutrophil. This key member of the innate immune system can form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in response to activating stimuli in circulation. NETs form a scaffold for thrombus formation, both initiating the process and stabilizing the final product. As the first responders of the host immune system, neutrophils have the flexibility to recognize a variety of molecules and can quickly interact with a range of different cell types. This trait makes them sensitive to exogenous stimuli. NET formation in response to pathogens is well established, leading to immune‐mediated thrombus formation or immunothrombosis. NETs can also be formed during sterile inflammation through the activation of neutrophils by fellow immune cells including platelets, or activated endothelium. In chronic inflammatory settings, NETs can ultimately promote the development of tissue fibrosis, with organ failure as an end‐stage outcome. In this review, we discuss the different pathways through which neutrophils can be activated toward NET formation and how these processes can result in a shared outcome: thrombus formation. Finally, we evaluate these different interactions and mechanisms for their potential as therapeutic targets, with neutrophil‐targeted therapies providing a future approach to treating thrombosis. In contrast to current practices, such treatment could result in reduced pathogenic blood clot formation without increasing the risk of bleeding.
Managing artificial intelligence projects: Key insights from an AI consulting firm
Authors: Vial Gregory , Cameron Ann‐Frances , Giannelia Tanya , Jiang Jinglu 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWhile organisations are increasingly interested in artificial intelligence (AI), many AI projects encounter significant issues or even fail. To gain a deeper understanding of the issues that arise during these projects and the practices that contribute to addressing them, we study the case of Consult, a North American AI consulting firm that helps organisations leverage the power of AI by providing custom solutions. The management of AI projects at Consult is a multi‐method approach that draws on elements from traditional project management, agile practices, and AI workflow practices. While the combination of these elements enables Consult to be effective in delivering AI projects to their customers, our analysis reveals that managing AI projects in this way draw upon three core logics, that is, commonly shared norms, values, and prescribed behaviours which influence actors' understanding of how work should be done. We identify that the simultaneous presence of these three logics—a traditional project management logic, an agile logic, and an AI workflow logic—gives rise to conflicts and issues in managing AI projects at Consult, and successfully managing these AI projects involves resolving conflicts that arise between them. From our case findings, we derive four strategies to help organisations better manage their AI projects.
Thermodynamic assessment within the Zr–B–C–O quaternary system
Authors: Pham David , Gai Fangyuan , Rochester Jacob , Dycus Joseph H. , LeBeau James M. , Manga Venkateswara Rao , Corral Erica L. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThermodynamic modeling of Zr–B–C–O quaternary system is conducted within the CALPHAD framework by employing data obtained from first‐principle calculations and literature. The lower order binary B–O is assessed in this work by estimating the thermodynamic properties of stable solid phases of B2O3 and B6O and by estimating the gas and liquid phases. First‐principle calculations, in conjunction with special quasirandom structure were used to predict enthalpies of mixing for the ternary solid‐solution phase of FCC‐Zr(C, O). The calculated results were used to optimize the model parameters pertaining to the cubic phase, which is described by a two‐sublattice model. The modeled Zr–C–O ternary phase diagrams calculated at 1923 and 2273 K under ambient pressure and 4 Pa, respectively, are in agreement with experimental phase diagrams.
Labour Justice in the Platform Economy
Authors: Bieber Friedemann 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTRecent years have witnessed the rise of digital platforms that allow economic agents to arrange ever more fine‐grained contracts. This article zooms in on labour‐based platforms that permit the hire of labour in a just‐in‐time fashion (and are part of the broader trend towards on‐demand work). Its principal contribution comes in three parts. First, exposing the frequently overlooked diversity of labour‐based platforms, the article proposes to distinguish platform companies, which directly sell services and then purchase the labour needed to provide them, and broker platforms, which act merely as intermediaries. Second, it examines how platforms of each type pose distinct threats to labour justice, thereby extending Daniel Halliday's (2021) analysis. Drawing on empirical studies of the experiences of platform workers, it identifies a power imbalance as the root cause of these threats across all platforms. Finally, the article assesses three strategies to counter these threats: introducing stricter regulation, turning platforms into worker‐run co‐ops, and improving outside job opportunities. In exploring how each strategy could be implemented for specific platforms, it makes the case for always discussing labour‐based platforms with one eye to their specific structural features and the other eye to the broader labour market.
Artificial neural network and kinetic modeling of capers during dehydration and rehydration processes
Authors: Demir Hasan , Demir Hande , Lončar Biljana , Nićetin Milica , Pezo Lato , Yilmaz Fatma 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the drying kinetics of capers at different temperatures and to examine the morphological changes of capers during the drying and rehydration processes. Computer‐aided image processing and Artificial Neural Network models (ANN) were used to analyze the shrinkage and moisture ratio of capers (drying) and the expansion of capers (rehydration). Lewis, Page, Fick's law, and logarithmic models were investigated to describe the conventional drying kinetics of capers at 50, 60, and 70°C; the logarithmic model was shown to be the best describing model (r2: 0.9996, 0.9996 and 0.9981, respectively). Effective diffusivities varied between 1.91 × 10−10 and 2.62 × 10−10 m2/s for the temperature range. The activation energy was 14.572 kJ/mol. Image processing revealed that diameter reduction rates were 1 × 10−4 mm/s for 50 and 70°C and 7 × 10−5 mm/s for 60°C. ANN was applied using multilayer perceptron models with three layers (input: ANN1, hidden: ANN2, and output: ANN3) which were sufficiently valid for predicting the experimental parameters (r2: 0.9992, 0.9915, and 0.8484, respectively). All morphological properties were reduced with drying, and shrinkage of capers was increased proportionally with the moisture content. The Global Sensitivity Analysis recognized treatment time as the most influential parameter affecting the moisture ratio and the caper diameter changes.Practical applicationsOne of the major problems for humans has been to improve food preservation techniques for long‐term storage. The major scope of industry is the drying of fruits and/or vegetables to produce dried foods with high quality and a long shelf life. To the best of our knowledge, drying of capers regarding the drying kinetics, modeling and quality changes has not been published to date. In this study, goal was to better understand drying kinetics and geometric changes that occur to capers during the dehydration and rehydration processes at various drying temperatures. Quantitative information regarding geometrical changes to capers was supplied by the image processing of the acquired pictures, which enabled rapid monitoring of physical changes during dehydration and rehydration. The remarked kinetic model, ANN model, and Quantitative information regarding geometrical changes are valuable information for researchers studying on drying of food and large‐scale dryer designers.