bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vitro exposure of neuronal networks to the 5G-3.5 GHz signal
Authors: Canovi Anne , Orlacchio Rosa , Poulletier de Gannes Florence , Lévêque Philippe , Arnaud-Cormos Delia , Lagroye Isabelle , Garenne André , Percherancier Yann , Lewis Noëlle 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe current deployment of the fifth generation (5G) of wireless communications raises new questions about the potential health effects of exposure to radiofrequency (RF) fields. So far, most of the established biological effects of RF have been known to be caused by heating. We previously reported inhibition of the spontaneous electrical activity of neuronal networks in vitro when exposed to 1.8 GHz signals at specific absorption rates (SAR) well above the guidelines. The present study aimed to assess the effects of RF fields at 3.5 GHz, one of the frequencies related to 5G, on neuronal activity in-vitro. Potential differences in the effects elicited by continuous-wave (CW) and 5G-modulated signals were also investigated.MethodsSpontaneous activity of neuronal cultures from embryonic cortices was recorded using 60-electrode multi-electrode arrays (MEAs) between 17 and 27 days in vitro. The neuronal cultures were subjected to 15 min RF exposures at SAR of 1, 3, and 28 W/kg.ResultsAt SAR close to the guidelines (1 and 3 W/kg), we found no conclusive evidence that 3.5 GHz RF exposure impacts the activity of neurons in vitro. On the contrary, CW and 5G-modulated signals elicited a clear decrease in bursting and total firing rates during RF exposure at high SAR levels (28 W/kg). Our experimental findings extend our previous results, showing that RF, at 1.8 to 3.5 GHz, inhibits the electrical activity of neurons in vitro at levels above environmental standards.
Disparities in food insecurity between sexual minority and heterosexual adults – a higher burden on bisexual individuals
Authors: Sharareh Nasser , Bybee Sara , Goldstein Evan , Jones Shannon , Hess Rachel , Wallace Andrea , Seligman Hilary , Wilson Fernando A. 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundSexual minorities—individuals who identify as gay/lesbian, bisexual, or other non-heterosexual individuals—experience higher rates of food insecurity (FI) compared to heterosexual individuals. During the COVID-19 pandemic, discrimination and structural racism, which are known risk factors for food insecurity, were perpetuated against sexual and racial/ethnic minorities. However, to our knowledge, a nationally representative analysis of the impact of the pandemic on food insecurity by sexual minority status and based on race/ethnicity is missing. We aimed to determine the degree of association between FI and sexual minority adults overall, before (2019) and during (2020–2021) the pandemic, and stratified by race/ethnicity.MethodsWe used nationally representative data from the 2019–2021 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS). We specified multivariable logistic regression models to determine the association between FI and identifying as a sexual minority adult (≥18 years old), including gay/lesbian, bisexual, and other non-heterosexual individuals.ResultsOverall, we only observed FI disparities between bisexuals and heterosexuals (aOR 1.61 [95% CI 1.31–1.99]). Stratified by year, this association was significant only during the pandemic. Stratified by race/ethnicity, non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black individuals identifying as bisexual also experienced a significantly higher FI rate than their heterosexual counterparts.ConclusionOur results may be a manifestation of the disproportionate impact of discrimination on bisexual individuals’ FI experiences. With the growing number of legislative bills targeting the rights of sexual minorities, we expect to see a higher burden of FI among bisexuals, particularly, bisexual people of color. Future intersectional research regarding FI among bisexual and racial/ethnic minority individuals would further elucidate how membership in multiple minority groups may contribute to a higher risk of FI.
Use of biosolids from wastewater treatment plants and other organic fertilizers in agriculture—a preliminary results of a case study in banana cultivation in the Dominican Republic
Authors: Martínez Durán Atuey J. , Rodríguez Núñez Vladimir A. , Castillo Jáquez José del C. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionThe use of biosolids from wastewater treatment plants in agriculture is considered relevant for the promotion of sustainable agricultural practices, the improvement of soil fertility, and the reduction of dependence on synthetic chemical products. The Dominican Republic is today the world's largest producer of organic bananas and the main exporter of organic and fair-trade bananas to Europe. The biosolids generated in the wastewater treatment plants in the Dominican Republic currently have no use. In other countries, biosolids are used for agriculture, although biosolids have different characteristics in each place and their potential must be analyzed. In the Dominican Republic, there is no research that analyzes biosolids and their impact on agriculture. This research aims to compare the nutritional composition of bananas in plantations fertilized with different doses of biosolids and other organic fertilizers.MethodsFor this test, five blocks were prepared with organic fertilization, another with potassium sulfate, and a control block. Laboratory analysis was used to determine the characteristics of the biosolids used and also to know the nutritional composition of bananas of the Williams variety.ResultsThe results, when compared, show the impact that each of these fertilizers has or can have on the production of organic bananas in the Dominican Republic.DiscussionThe use of dose Y of the biosolid, characterized by the application of 16 kilograms of biosolid per plant, is the most recommended to fertilize the banana since the collected fruits presented the most optimal nutritional values.
Changing food nitrogen flow in a food-exporting city
Authors: Huang Wei , Zhong Qiumeng , Lu Yang , Huang Yunfeng , Cui Shenghui , Gao Bing 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionNitrogen (N) plays a significant role in food systems, but only a fraction of N is effectively utilized and the rest is lost to the environment and negatively affects the ecosystem. So far, there has been relatively little research on N flow associated with the food production and consumption of production-oriented cities in developing countries.MethodsIn this study, we present a comprehensive analysis of N flow in the food production and consumption system of Changchun in China between 1991 and 2014, and define three types of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and compare them.Results(1) Total new N input into the food system in Changchun increased by 63.75% (240.8 to 394.3 Gg N yr−1) during the study period, mainly attributable to the high volume of food exports(total output from 47.63 to 72.51 Gg N yr−1). (2) Changchun typically exhibited lower apparent NUE and virtual NUE of the food system, while its actual NUE was typically higher, compared to food-importing cities. (3) The consumption of crop food witnessed a decrease from 24.2 Gg N in 1991 to 18.7 Gg N in 2014, whereas the consumption of animal food showed an upward trend from 2.5 Gg N to 7.7 Gg N. Both urban and rural residents consumed less grain food but more fruits and meat. (4) The total N loss has increased from 131.3 Gg N in 1991 to 266.6 Gg N in 2014. The crop production caused 58.1% of the total N loss in 2014, and the atmospheric loss accounted for 40.2% of the total.ConclusionThe study has revealed the distinctive features, fluctuations, and underlying drivers of N flow in the food-exporting city, setting it apart from food-importing city. These findings provide a valuable point of reference for the implementation of customized and diversified nitrogen management strategies in these specific urban areas.
An Integrated Microfluidic Biosensing System Based on a Versatile Valve and Recombinase Polymerase Amplification for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Salmonella typhimurium
Authors: Jin Yan , Wang Jingyi , Wang Zhiqiang , Xiong Peng , Cheng Jianing , Xu Tongyu 
Published: August 2023

Detecting foodborne pathogens on-site is crucial for ensuring food safety, necessitating the development of rapid, cost-effective, highly sensitive, and portable devices. This paper presents an integrated microfluidic biosensing system designed for the rapid and sensitive detection of Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium). The biosensing system comprises a microfluidic chip with a versatile valve, a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) for nucleic acid detection, and a customized real-time fluorescence detection system. The versatile valve combines the functions of an active valve and a magnetic actuation mixer, enabling on-demand mixing and controlling fluid flow. Quantitative fluorescence is processed and detected through a custom-built smartphone application. The proposed integrated microfluidic biosensing system could detect Salmonella at concentrations as low as 1.0 × 102 copies/µL within 30 min, which was consistent with the results obtained from the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) tests. With its versatile valve, this integrated microfluidic biosensing system holds significant potential for on-site detection of foodborne pathogens.
The burden of acute eye conditions on different healthcare providers: a retrospective population-based study
Authors: Rawlings Anna , Hobby Angharad E , Ryan Barbara , Carson-Stevens Andrew , North Rachel , Smith Mathew , Gwyn Sioned , Sheen Nik , Acton Jennifer H 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundThe demand for acute eyecare exponentially outstrips capacity. The public lacks awareness of community eyecare services.AimTo quantify the burden of acute eyecare on different healthcare service providers in a national population through prescribing and medicines provision by GPs, optometrists, and pharmacists, and provision of care by accident and emergency (A&E) services. A secondary aim was to characterise some of the drivers of this burden.Design and settingA retrospective data-linkage study set in Wales, UK.MethodAnalysis of datasets was undertaken from the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage Databank (GP and A&E), the Eye Health Examination Wales service (optometry), and the Common Ailments Scheme (pharmacy) during 2017–2018.ResultsA total of 173 999 acute eyecare episodes delivered by GPs (168 877 episodes) and A&E services (5122) were identified during the study. This resulted in 65.4 episodes of care per 1000 people per year. GPs prescribed a total of 87 973 653 prescriptions within the general population. Of these, 820 693 were related to acute eyecare, resulting in a prescribing rate of 0.9%. A total of 5122 eye-related and 905 224 general A&E attendances were identified, respectively, resulting in an A&E attendance rate of 0.6%. Optometrists and pharmacists managed 51.8% (116 868) and 0.6% (2635) of all episodes, respectively. Older females and infants of both sexes were more likely to use GP prescribing services, while adolescent and middle-aged males were more likely to visit A&E. GP prescribing burden was driven partially by economic deprivation, access to services, and health score. Season, day of the week, and time of day were predictors of burden in GP and A&E.ConclusionAcute eyecare continues to place considerable burden on GP and A&E services in Wales, particularly in urban areas with greater economic deprivation and lower overall health. This is likely to increase with a rapidly ageing population. With ongoing pathway development to better utilise optometry and pharmacy, and improved public awareness, there may be scope to change this trajectory.
Early outcomes of minimally invasive mitral and tricuspid valve surgery in obese patients
Authors: Hamouda Tamer , Omran Tarek , Shaalan Ayman 
Published: August 2023

Background: Minimal invasive valve surgery is the new trend in cardiac surgery. Many obstacles are present to increase the number of cases operated on with minimally invasive surgery. Minimal invasive surgery is technically demanding in obese patients with uncertain outcomes. In this study, we compared minimal invasive mitral and tricuspid valve surgery (MIVS) in obese patients with high BMI (body mass index) to normal BMI.
Method: We included 240 cases who underwent MIVS. These cases were divided into two groups. Group I (n=120) included patients with BMI >30 Kg/m2, and Group II (n=120) had BMI ≤30 Kg/m2.
Result: There was no in-hospital mortality in both group. Postoperative wound infection was nonsignificantly higher in Group I (9 (7.5%) vs. 2 (1.67%); P= 0.059). Drainage (450± 112 vs. 240± 230 ml; P<0.001), mechanical ventilation time (13.4± 1.3 vs. 6.4± 6.8 h; P<0.001), and ICU stay (2± 0.4 vs. 3.5± 1.3 days, P<0.001) were significantly higher in Group I. New onset atrial fibrillation was significantly higher in obese patients (P= 0.029). There were no differences between both groups in other outcomes.
Conclusion: Minimally invasive surgery in obese patients had satisfactory outcomes compared to those with normal BMI. Obesity should not be considered a contraindication for minimally invasive surgery.
Timing of repair of ischemic ventricular septal rupture; results of early vs. late repair
Authors: Fouly Mohamed , Mousa Tarek 
Published: August 2023

Background: The optimal time to repair ischemic ventricular septal rupture (VSR) is debatable. We compared the outcomes, including operative mortality, between patients who underwent early vs. late VSR repair.
Methods: Twenty-eight patients presented with VSR were included in this study. Patients were grouped according to the timing of repair into two groups; the early repair group (n= 12) and the late repair group (n= 16). The primary endpoint was operative mortality.
Results: There was no difference in age, gender, and associated comorbidities between between early and late repair. Anteroapical VSR was the most common type in both groups. There was no difference in the number of bypass grafts in both groups. Ischemic (95 (88- 142.5) vs. 137 (120- 147.5) min; P= 0.028) and cardiopulmonary bypass times (123.5 (115.5- 177.5) vs. 172.5 (152.5- 185) min; P= 0.023) were significantly shorter in patients who had delayed repair. Nine patients (75%) had operative mortality in the early repair group versus three patients (18.75%) in the late repair group (P= 0.006). There were no differences in blood loss, stroke, wound infection, ICU, and ward stay among the surviving patients.
Conclusion: Delayed repair of ischemic ventricular septal rupture could be associated with lower mortality in properly selected patients. Additionally, the delayed repair could decrease the ischemic and cardiopulmonary bypass times.
Postoperative Outcomes of Minimally Invasive versus Conventional Mitral Valve Repair; A Randomized Study
Authors: Nourelden Ehab , EL-Minshawy Ahmed , Ghoneim Ahmed , Alaa Mohammed , Shieba Yusuf 
Published: August 2023

Background: Minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) is associated with less surgical trauma. However, its advantages over the conventional approach are controversial. This study aims to compare the early postoperative pain, hospital stay, and pulmonary function between minimally invasive and conventional mitral repair.
Methods: Fifty patients with non-ischemic mitral valve disease who had mitral valve repair between 2017 and 2019 were included in the study. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group A (n=25) included patients who had minimally invasive mitral valve repair via anterolateral mini-thoracotomy with video assistance, and Group B (n=25) included patients who had mitral valve repair via median sternotomy.
Results: The cross-clamp (99.45±16.01 vs. 87. 5±19.16 min; p= 0.058) and the total bypass times (134.08±27.38 vs. 120.71±22.18 min; p= 0.35) were nonsignificantly longer in Group A. Operative time was significantly longer in Group A (207.08±44.31 vs. 173.54±28.25 min; p= 0.001). The ICU stay in Group (A) was 2.58±1.44 days, and in Group (B), the ICU stay was 3.75±1.77 days (p= 0.001). The hospital stay was 7.87±1.59 days in Group A, and 14.5 ±5.05 days in Group B (P<0.001). Postoperative FEV1 was 2.06±0.63 L in Group A and 1.39±0.43 L in Group B (p= 0.001). There was no difference in postoperative ejection fraction between both groups (p= 0.9).
Conclusion: Minimal invasive mitral valve repair could reduce postoperative pain, length of ICU, and hospital stay and improve the postoperative respiratory function when compared to the conventional approach.
Metoprolol versus low-dose sotalol for prevention of high-risk post coronary artery bypass grafting atrial fibrillation
Authors: Metwally Yasser , Mahmoud Ashraf , Taha Walid 
Published: August 2023

Background: The optimal therapeutic strategy for high-risk postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) remains less well defined. Our objectives were to investigate the efficacy of prophylactic metoprolol versus low-dose sotalol regimens to prevent high-risk atrial fibrillation (AF) following coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG).
Methods: We assigned 113 consecutive patients referred for CABG to either metoprolol or low-dose sotalol regimen. The primary end-point was the frequency of POAF during the 6-week follow-up.
Results: Out of 113 patients enrolled, 52.2% % received metoprolol (n= 59) while 44.8% received sotalol (n= 54). The frequency of POAF at follow-up was significantly higher among the metoprolol group (59.3 % versus 50 %; P=0.017). The predictors of POAF were: age > 60 years (OR: 1.86 (1.01-4.41); P= 0.03), EF (OR: 2 (1.05-3.83); P= 0.02), and sotalol was protective against POAF (OR= 0.49%; (95% CI=0.25 -0.97); P=0.02). The length of hospital stay was significantly higher in the metoprolol group (7.5±1.3 % versus 6.1±1.2 days; P<0.001).
Conclusion: Prophylactic low-dose sotalol could be superior to metoprolol for the prophylaxis of POAF in high-risk patients. However, Larger prospective multicenter randomized trials are needed to confirm our findings.
The Preoperative Use of Levosimendan in Patients undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery with Low Ejection Fraction
Authors: Abdelgawad Basem , Shahin Yousry , Abd-Ellatif Anhar , Abdelrahman Mohamed , Ali Mohamed , El sayad Ahmed , Elgazzar Mohamed 
Published: August 2023

Background: Levosimendan is a calcium sensitizer with positive inotropic, vasodilatory, and cardioprotective actions. Levosimendan infusion time may affect the outcomes. Our objective was to evaluate its efficacy and safety when used before coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in patients with low ejection fraction.
Methods: This prospective observational study included 150 CABG patients with ejection fraction ≤ 40% divided into two groups. In the Levosimendan group (n= 75), it was given preoperatively, and in the conventional group (n= 75), myocardial support was used if indicated.
Results: Operative time (344±28.7 vs. 421.4±34.5 min) and cardiopulmonary bypass time (97±17.4 vs. 127.4±24.5) were significantly shorter in the Levosimendan group (P˂ 0.001, for both). Failure to wean from bypass (13 (17.3%) vs. 23 (30.7%), P=0.06) and the need for intra-aortic balloon pump (6 (8%) vs. 14 (18.7%), P= 0.06) were non significantly lower in the Levosimendan group. The mechanical ventilation duration (12±3.3 vs. 19.6±4.7 h, P= 0.04) and ICU stay (3.8±1.2 vs. 5.3±1.4 days, P ˂ 0.001) were lower with levosimendan. Mortality was non-significantly lower in the Levosimendan group (10 (13.3%) vs. 18 (24%), P= 0.09). There were no differences in atrial and ventricular arrhythmias between groups.
Conclusion: The preoperative use of levosimendan could improve the outcomes in patients undergoing CABG with low ejection fraction. Levosimendan complication profile was comparable to the conventional approach
Enhancing photon collection from single shallow nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond nanopillars for quantum heterodyne measurements
Authors: Chanuntranont Akirabha , Otani Kazuki , Saito Daiki , Ueda Yuki , Tsugawa Masato , Usui Shuntaro , Miyake Yuto , Teraji Tokuyuki , Onoda Shinobu , Shinada Takahiro , Kawarada Hiroshi , Tanii Takashi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The developments in quantum sensing protocols and nano-photonic waveguides are merged to improve the performance of single nitrogen-vancancy (NV) centers in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) sensing. Nanopillars are designed with NV centers placed approximately 5 nm below the top facet and fabricated through a simple procedure, suitable for mass production. Fluorescence intensities from these nanopillars are 3.5 times greater than that of single shallow NV centers embedded in unstructured flat diamond. Quantum heterodyne measurements of an alternating magnetic field are performed with these nanopillars and evidence of improved peak clarity in the frequency spectrum is shown.
Penerapan Teknologi Komposter dan Pemanfaatan Sampah Organik menjadi Kompos pada Skala Rumah Tangga
Authors: Purimahua Sintha Lisa , Agus Setyobudi  , Mustakim Sahdan  , Marylin S. Junias  , Tiwuk Widiastuti  , Sarinah Basri K  
Published: August 2023

Sampah merupakan sisa dari aktivitas manusia yang sudah tidak berguna lagi. Volume peningkatan sampah sebanding dengan meningkatnya tingkat konsumsi manusia Sampah perlu dikelola dengan lebih baik untuk mendapatkan kembali nilainya. Tujuan pengabdian ini adalah agar masyarakat memiliki pengetahuan tentang cara mengolah sampah lebih bermanfaat dengan menerapkan teknologi komposter dalam mengolah sampah organik menjadik pupuk kompos. Kegiatan ini dilaksanakan di Perumahan dosen Undana Penfui. Bentuk kegiatan adalah pemberian materi dan praktek yakni memberikan materi penyuluhan dalam bentuk ceramah dan demonstrasi pembuatan kompos dari sampah organik dan pembuatan teknologi komposter. Praktik pembuatan kompos ini dapat menjadi dorongan serta pengetahuan masyarakat dalam mencoba membuatnya sendiri di Rukun Tetangga (RT) masing-masing, juga dapat membentuk pos pengolahan kompos dalam komplek undana. Dari kegiatan ini, disarankan agar dapat dilakukan pelatihan dan diseminasi informasi secara kontinyu dari instansi terkait, sehingga masyarakat terus termotivasi untuk hidup produktif dan sehat.
CNN-based Visual Servoing for Simultaneous Positioning and Flattening of Soft Fabric Parts
Authors: Tokuda Fuyuki , Seino Akira , Kobayashi Akinari , Kosuge Kazuhiro 
Published: August 2023

<p>This paper proposes CNN-based visual servoing for simultaneous positioning and flattening of a soft fabric part placed on a table by a dual manipulator system. We propose a network for multimodal data processing of grayscale images captured by a camera and force/torque applied to force sensors. The training dataset is collected by moving the real manipulators, which enables the network to map the captured images and force/torque to the manipulator’s motion in Cartesian space. We apply structured lighting to emphasize the features of the surface of the fabric part since the surface shape of the non-textured fabric part is difficult to recognize by a single grayscale image. Through experiments, we show that the fabric part with unseen wrinkles can be positioned and flattened by the proposed visual servoing scheme.</p>
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<p> *The complete version of this preprint paper is in proceedings of ICRA 2023. Please refer to "https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10160635". </p>