bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oxidative stress‐related biomarkers in chronic periodontitis patients with or without type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Chen Sisi , Gao Xiang , Song Jinlin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this meta‐analysis was to look at the differences in oxidative stress (OS) biomarkers between type 2 diabetes mellitus with chronic periodontitis (DMCP) and chronic periodontitis (CP) patients.BackgroundOxidative stress has been shown to be a key pathogenic component in DMCP. However, it is unclear whether oxidative stress levels differ in periodontitis patients with or without diabetes.MethodA systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase databases. Studies of DMCP participants were used as the experimental group and CP participants were used as the control group. Results are expressed as mean effects.ResultsOf a total of 1989 articles, 19 met the inclusion criteria. We found the levels of catalase (CAT) levels were reduced in the DMCP group compared with the CP group. However, there was no significant difference in the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) between the two groups. And high heterogeneity was observed in some of the studies evaluated.ConclusionDespite the limitations of this study, our results support the theory that there is an association between T2DM and the levels of OS‐related biomarkers, especially CAT, in CP subjects, suggesting that OS plays an important role in the pathogenesis and development of DMCP.
Validity of simplified self‐report methods versus standard use method for pain assessment in preschool‐aged children
Authors: Kasparova Petra , Greaves Jane 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeChildren experience painful invasive procedures very intensely. The aim of health professionals is to help children minimize this traumatic experience. The Simplified Faces Pain Scale (S‐FPS) and Simplified Concrete Ordinal Pain Scale (S‐COS) tools offer children the possibility of self‐assessing their pain. This can then be the basis for tailoring pain relief to the child's individual need. The aim of this study is to present the validation procedure of the S‐FPC, S‐COS methods.Design and Methods135 children aged 3−6 years assessed their pain using the self‐reported S‐FPS and S‐COS methods at three consecutive times, and their results were compared with the commonly used Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability assessment scale. Intra‐class correlations (ICC) were used to assess inter‐rater agreement. Convergent validity was verified using Spearman's correlation coefficient.ResultsThis study demonstrated good validity for both the S FPS and S‐COS assessment tools. The ICC coefficient showed good inter‐rater correlation. Spearman's correlation coefficient showed a strong correlation between the scales.Practice ImplicationsIt is not possible to clearly select a best method of pain assessment in preschool children. To choose the most appropriate method, it is necessary to take into account the child's cognitive development and preferences.
Faecal glucocorticoid metabolite levels of intensive captive, free‐range captive and wild Tasmanian devils
Authors: Florent Stevie N. , Clarke Judy , Bashaw Meredith J. , Hamede Rodrigo , Jones Menna E. , Cameron Elissa Z. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCaptivity can alter the stress physiology and behaviour of an animal in both the short‐ and long‐term through repetitive exposure to novel stressors and, subsequently, may reduce the success of conservation efforts such as translocation and reintroduction. The Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii) is threatened with extinction from a fatal facial tumour disease which has led to the establishment of an insurance meta‐population designed for future reintroductions of disease‐free devils. The meta‐population is comprised of intensive captive and free‐range captive environments; however, no study has yet examined the long‐term physiological implications of captivity on devils. We used non‐invasive faecal glucocorticoid metabolite (FGM) monitoring to determine if there were any differences in adrenal activity among intensive captive, free‐range captive and wild devils. FGM levels were not age or sex dependent, and we found that all population types had similar intra‐population variability and mean FGMs. In conclusion, both types of captive environment appear to maintain stress profiles similar to wild devils.
Lessons learned from talking with adults about nutrition: A qualitative study in the PREPARED project
Authors: Valen Erlend N. , Øverby Nina Cecilie , Hardy‐Johnson Polly , Vik Frøydis N. , Salvesen Lorentz , Omholt Mona L. , Barker Mary Elizabeth , Hillesund Elisabet R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractImproving diet and dietary behaviour of men and women before pregnancy has the potential to benefit both their current and long‐term health and the health of their children. Little is known, however, about adults' perception of diet's role in prepregnancy health. This study aimed to explore the state of knowledge and awareness of preconception nutritional health in adults within the fertile age range and what they perceived could motivate healthy eating using the self‐determination theory as a theoretical framework. We analysed 33 short exploratory interviews with men (n = 18) and women (n = 15) aged 18–45 years. Participants were grab sampled from three different public locations in the southern part of Norway. Interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed verbatim in 2020 and analysed using a thematic analysis with a semantic approach in 2022. The findings suggest that adults within the fertile age range are not intrinsically motivated to eat healthily, but when they do, it is because eating healthily often aligns with other goals consistent with their values, that is, getting fit or looking good. They possess some basic knowledge of healthy behaviours during pregnancy but are generally unaware of the importance of preconception health and nutrition. There is a need to increase awareness of the impact of preconception health on the health of this and future generations. Improved nutritional education on the significance of diet before conception might facilitate optimal conditions for conceiving and for pregnancy in the adult population within fertile age range.
Demonstrating causality, bestowing honours, and contributing to the arms race: Threats to the sustainability of HPE research
Authors: Varpio Lara , Sherbino Jonathan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs the field of health professions education (HPE) continues to evolve, it is necessary to occasionally pause and reflect on the potential effects and outcomes of our research practices. While future‐casting does not guarantee that impending negative consequences will be evaded, the exercise can help us avoid pitfalls. In this paper, we reflect on two terms that have taken hold as powerful idols in HPE research that stand above questioning and apart from critique: patient outcomes and productivity. We argue that these terms, and the ways of thinking they uphold, threaten the sustainability of HPE research—one at the level of the community and one at the level of the scholar.First, we suggest that HPE research's history of endorsing a linear and causal association ethos has driven its quest to connect education to patient outcomes. To ensure the sustainability of HPE scholarship, we must deconstruct and disempower patient outcomes as one of HPE's god‐terms, as the pinnacle goal of educational activities. To be sustained, HPE research needs to value all of its contributions equally.A second god‐term is productivity; it impairs the sustainability of the careers of individual researchers. Problems of honorary authorship, research output expectations, and comparisons with other fields have constructed a space where only scholars with sufficient privilege can prevail. If productivity persists as a god‐term, the field of HPE research could decay into a space where new scholars are silenced—not because they fail to make important contributions, but because access is restricted by existing research metrics.These are two of many god‐terms threatening the sustainability of HPE research. By highlighting patient outcomes and productivity and by acknowledging our own participation in propagating them, we hope to encourage others to recognize how our collective choices threaten the sustainability of our field.
Collaborative passenger flow control for an urban rail transit network
Authors: Zhao Qingqing , Tang Jinjin , Zhang Xin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAmid worsening passenger congestion, passenger flow control has become a major need in urban rail transit. However, existing passenger flow control strategies are fixed and do not consider the impacts of the spatial and temporal variations in passenger flow. To address the problems mentioned, a method for collaborative passenger flow control in urban rail transit is proposed. First, the temporal and spatial distribution of passengers in the network is obtained. Then, a model of collaborative passenger flow control for urban rail transit is built to reduce the number of controlled source points and controlled passengers and minimize the difference between the expected number of passengers on bottleneck links and the number of passengers with control. Next, a multilevel network that considers the time dimension is established based on the model. A forward–backward algorithm is introduced to make full use of the adaptive learning rate to solve the model. A case study based on a small‐scale network shows that the forward–backward algorithm has good convergence. To verify the effectiveness of the method, the passenger flow of Chengdu Metro during COVID‐19 is analyzed. The objective function of the forward–backward algorithm is 44% lower than that of the gradient descent method and 36% lower than that of adaptive moment estimate (ADAM). Its computational speed is also acceptable. The results show that compared with the fixed passenger flow control strategy of metro operators, the obtained strategy is more effective in reducing the number of controlled passengers and source points and alleviating congestion of bottleneck links.
Resumes and job postings as cognitive tools for narrating Anglophone language learners’ multilingual–professional identities and trajectories in career advising appointments
Authors: Goble Ryan A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEmpirical research on the relationship between language learners’ (LLs’) multilingual and professional development has remained scant in conversations surrounding LLs’ sustained engagement with a target language (TL) beyond higher education. To address this gap, this article examines the co‐construction of US collegiate LLs’ multilingual–professional identities and trajectories in career advising appointments where language is cast as a measurable, marketable skill on resumes and job postings. Data include six audio‐recorded, transcribed career advising appointments and 20‐minute post‐advising interviews with collegiate LLs of three non‐English TLs. Through the theoretical lens of figured worlds, the thematic and narrative analyses jointly demonstrate how resumes and job postings function as cognitive tools that prompt LLs to develop stances toward their willingness and preparedness to use the TL in professional settings. Such stances are associated with various manifestations of linguistic insecurity when language is presented as a technical skill on those artifacts. Yet, the analysis shows how LLs work with career advisors to narratively position themselves in relation to “objective” proficiency descriptors and the ideological bi–monolingual in positions of employment and along professional trajectories. Implications for strengthening LLs’ capacity to translate classroom language learning to participation in personally relevant multilingual communities are discussed.
Relational approaches to personal autonomy
Authors: Lee Ji‐Young 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIndividualistic traditions of autonomy have long been critiqued by feminists for their atomistic and asocial presentation of human agents. Relational approaches to autonomy were developed as an alternative to these views. Relational accounts generally capture a more socially informed picture of human agents, and aim to differentiate between social phenomena that are conducive to our agency versus those that pose a hindrance to our agency. In this article, I explore the various relational conceptualizations of autonomy profferred to date. I critically review some of the ongoing internal disputes within the relational autonomy literature, and conclude the article by taking stock of the value of relational autonomy despite these unresolved debates.
View‐graph key‐subset extraction for efficient and robust structure from motion
Authors: Gong Ye , Zhou Pengwei , Liu Yuyue , Dong Haonan , Li Li , Yao Jian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStructure from motion (SfM) is used to recover camera poses and the sparse structure of real scenes from multiview images. SfM methods construct a view‐graph from the matching relationships of images. Redundancy and incorrect edges are usually observed in it. Redundancy inhibits the efficiency and incorrect edges result in the misalignment of structures. In addition, the uneven distribution of vertices usually affects the global accuracy. To address these problems, we propose a coarse‐to‐fine approach in which the poses of an extracted key‐subset of images are first computed and then all remaining images are oriented. The core of this approach is view‐graph key‐subset extraction, which not only prunes redundant data and incorrect edges but also obtains properly distributed key‐subset vertices. The extraction approach is based on a replaceability score and an iteration‐update strategy. In this way, only vertices with high SfM importance are preserved in the key‐subset. Different public datasets are used to evaluate our approach. Due to the absence of ground‐truth camera poses in large‐scale datasets, we present new datasets with accurate camera poses and point clouds. The results demonstrate that our approach greatly increases the efficiency of SfM. Furthermore, the robustness and accuracy can be improved.
Molecular GA pathways as conserved integrators for adaptive responses
Authors: Bouré N. , Arnaud N. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGibberellins (GAs), which form a large family of phytohormones involved in almost every step of plant life and development, were discovered almost a century ago. The molecular characterization of GA metabolism and signalling mechanisms now provides explanations for the multiple crosstalk and the integration of external signals required for plants to adapt their development and growth to environmental conditions. In this review, we present the molecular elements of GA metabolism and signalling pathways, with emphasis on the key role of the GA/GID1/DELLA complex as a conserved developmental integrator. Further, we discuss how the GA signalling pathway, together with feedback regulation on GA metabolism, contributes to the integration of endogenous and exogenous signals to provide an adaptive output.
The changing face of dialyzer membranes and dialyzers
Authors: Davenport Andrew 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe key goals for dialysis treatments are to prevent the progressive accumulation of waste products of metabolism and volume overload. Traditionally uremic solutes have been classified according to molecular weight and termed small, middle sized, and large solutes. Solute clearance during dialysis sessions will potentially be by diffusion, convection and adsorption. Dialyzer membranes act as a semi‐permeable membrane restricting solute removal predominantly by size. Small molecules move faster than large molecules, so small solutes are readily removed by diffusion. Increasing the size of the pores in the membrane will potentially allow middle and larger sized solutes to pass through the dialyzer membrane, although in practice there is a limit to increasing pore sizes to prevent the loss of albumin and other important proteins. Differences in membrane surface and charge will influence protein absorption. The removal of fluid during dialysis depends in part on the hydraulic permeability of the membrane. Combining higher hydraulic permeability and larger sized pores increases convective clearance with solutes moving across the membrane with the water movement. Depending upon dialyzer design, higher hydrostatic pressure as blood enters the dialyzer leads to a variable amount of internal diafiltration, so improving the clearance of middle sized solutes. Although the dialyzer membrane plays a key role in solute clearance, the design of the casing and header also play a role in directing the countercurrent blood and dialysate flows to maximize the surface area available for diffusive and convective clearances.
A Brief Overview of Research into the Forgot‐It‐All‐Along Effect
Authors: Anthony Kristine , Janssen Steve M. J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPeople often have difficulties remembering prior episodes of remembering, a phenomenon known as the forgot‐it‐all‐along (FIA) effect. Although the effect was first discovered among victims of spontaneously recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse, laboratory paradigms of the FIA have shown that difficulties in remembering “remembering” can be elicited when the memory was previously recalled in a different context. Although much attention has been paid to establishing the robustness of the FIA phenomenon, little emphasis has been placed on the cognitive mechanisms underlying the effect. The goal of the present review is, therefore, to organize the literature surrounding the FIA effect and to discuss cognitive mechanisms that may explain the effect: source monitoring errors, the Encoding Specificity principle, and dating inaccuracies. By providing a brief overview of the literature surrounding the FIA phenomenon, this review can serve as a guide for how future studies may approach the FIA effect in the context of recovered memories.
MdVQ10 promotes wound‐triggered leaf senescence in association with MdWRKY75 and undergoes antagonistic modulation of MdCML15 and MdJAZs in apple
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Wei , Xu Rui‐Rui , Liu Yankai , You Chun‐Xiang , An Jian‐Ping 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYWounding stress leads to leaf senescence. However, the underlying molecular mechanism has not been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the role of the MdVQ10–MdWRKY75 module in wound‐induced leaf senescence. MdWRKY75 was identified as a key positive modulator of wound‐induced leaf senescence by activating the expression of the senescence‐associated genes MdSAG12 and MdSAG18. MdVQ10 interacted with MdWRKY75 to enhance MdWRKY75‐activated transcription of MdSAG12 and MdSAG18, thereby promoting leaf senescence triggered by wounding. In addition, the calmodulin‐like protein MdCML15 promoted MdVQ10‐mediated leaf senescence by stimulating the interaction between MdVQ10 and MdWRKY75. Moreover, the jasmonic acid signaling repressors MdJAZ12 and MdJAZ14 antagonized MdVQ10‐mediated leaf senescence by weakening the MdVQ10–MdWRKY75 interaction. Our results demonstrate that the MdVQ10–MdWRKY75 module is a key modulator of wound‐induced leaf senescence and provides insights into the mechanism of leaf senescence caused by wounding.
Are preferential agreements beneficial to EU trade? New evidence from the EU–South Korea treaty
Authors: Quintieri Beniamino , Stamato Giovanni 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper empirically investigates the effect of the EU–South Korea free trade agreement (FTA) on manufacturing trade flows. By applying a state‐of‐the‐art structural gravity model with intra‐national (i.e. domestic) trade and using disaggregated data, we quantify both the trade impact and the observed heterogeneity in the FTA estimates. In line with literature, we find that the EU–South Korea FTA exerted asymmetric effects in bilateral exports across directions of trade. Compared to previous studies, our findings suggest a different explanation for the poor performances of Korean exports to the EU in the post‐FTA period, namely offshoring patterns in electronics and a broad‐based decline in the shipbuilding industry. When we drop these two export categories from the analysis, we show that the FTA exerted a large effect on trade in both directions, increasing bilateral exports by about 30%. We then investigate the substantial observed heterogeneity in pair‐industry‐specific estimates of the FTA. The main source of variation is represented by asymmetries in ex‐ante trade barriers across sectors, with a prominent role for non‐tariff instruments. Stronger pre‐FTA regulatory intensity is associated to a high liberalisation potential, favouring larger FTA estimates. Tariffs instead do not explain the heterogeneity in the trade effects.
Total serum and ionized magnesium concentrations in healthy and hospitalized dogs
Authors: Murray Megan E. , Boiron Ludivine , Buriko Yekaterina , Drobatz Kenneth , Waddell Lori S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine if an association between ionized magnesium (iMg) and total magnesium (tMg) exists in healthy and hospitalized dogs admitted through an emergency service and to assess the associations between iMg and tMg with total protein, albumin, ionized calcium, and total calcium.DesignProspective cohort study.SettingVeterinary teaching hospital.AnimalsSixty‐nine dogs were enrolled. The healthy control group (group 1) included 24 dogs, and the hospitalized group (group 2) included 45 dogs.InterventionsNone.Measurements and Main ResultsFor both groups, signalment, a venous blood gas, and serum biochemistry were obtained. In addition, the presumptive diagnosis was recorded for group 2. Blood was obtained prior to any therapeutic interventions. Group 1 tMg was within the reference interval (RI), and the values for iMg were used to provide a healthy group range (HGR) of 0.44–0.50 mmol/L. Group 2 tMg was within the RI, but iMg was below the calculated HGR range (group 2 median iMg = 0.4 mmol/L; range = 0.27–0.70). There was a significant positive correlation between iMg and tMg in each group (group 1:r = 0.6713,P = 0.0003; group 2:r = 0.5312,P = 0.0002). Ionized Mg and tMg were not significantly associated with any of the other evaluated variables in either group.ConclusionsIonized Mg and tMg were significantly associated in both healthy and hospitalized dogs, but the relationship was weaker in the hospitalized dogs compared with the healthy population. For hospitalized dogs, the relationship was weak enough to question the validity of using iMg and tMg interchangeably to track magnesium status.