bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of intravenous sildenafil with inhaled nitric oxide for acute vasodilator testing in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: Kumar Shine , Memon Danish , Raj Manu , Sen Amitabh C. , Jayasankar Jessin P. , Leeladharan Sreelakshmi P. , Sudhakar Abish , Kumar Raman K. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAcute vasodilator testing (AVT) identifies acute responders for initiation of calcium channel blockers in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and operability in congenital heart disease (CHD). We sought to determine the feasibility of intravenous sildenafil (ivS) as an alternative to inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in AVT. All patients with PAH undergoing cardiac catheterization for AVT (November 2015 to December 2020) were prospectively enrolled. Hemodynamic data were obtained at baseline, with iNO 20 ppm and ivS (0.25 mg/kg for children and 10 mg for adults). We studied 44 patients with a mean age of 20.5 ± 14.4 years (27 [61%] females and 20 [45%] children). There were 17 (38.6%) patients in the CHD group for operability assessment and 27 patients in non‐CHD group (idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension—16 [36.3%], residual PAH after shunt closure—7 [15.9%], and 2 cases [4.5%] each of familial PAH and portopulmonary hypertension). There was an excellent intraclass correlation for mean pulmonary artery pressures (0.903, 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.809–0.949, p < 0.001), mean aortic pressures (0.745, 95% CI: 0.552–0.858, p < 0.001), pulmonary vascular resistance index (0.920, 95% CI: 0.858–0.956, p < 0.001), systemic vascular resistance (SVR) index (0.828, 95% CI: 0.706–0.902, p < 0.001), and the ratio of pulmonary and SVR indices (0.857, 95% CI: 0.752–0.919, p < 0.001) between the two agents. There were two responders, both in non‐CHD group, and were identified by iNO and ivS. The hemodynamic effects of ivS show excellent correlation with iNO and could be a potential alternative agent for identifying acute responders during AVT.
Can lightning indicate genesis frequency of tropical cyclones over the South China Sea?
Authors: Xu Liangtao , Cao Xi , Wu Renguang , Dai Yifeng , Wang Zhibiao , Lan Xiaoqing , Zhang Wenjuan , Wang Yuanhao 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe present study identifies a significant negative correlation of the South China Sea (SCS) summer–fall (JJASON) tropical cyclone (TC) genesis with the previous boreal spring (MAM) total lightning flash rate east of the Philippines during 1996–2013. The increased lightning flash rate east of the Philippines signifies an enhancement in deep convection, which induces cyclonic wind anomalies to the west via a Gill‐type atmospheric response and results in an increase in convection and cloud cover over the SCS during spring. The atmospheric changes lead to a decrease in sea surface temperature (SST) and ocean heat content (OHC) in the SCS by reducing downward short‐wave radiation and enhancing oceanic upwelling. The negative SST and OHC anomalies persist from spring to summer–fall and induce unfavourable thermodynamic anomalies, suppressing the SCS TC genesis during JJASON. Thus, the spring total lightning flash rate east of the Philippines, as an indicator of deep convection, may serve as a precursor of the SCS TC genesis.
Topological map‐based approach for localization and mapping memory optimization
Authors: Aguiar André S. , Santos Filipe N. dos , Santos Luis C. , Sousa Armando J. , Boaventura‐Cunha José 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRobotics in agriculture faces several challenges, such as the unstructured characteristics of the environments, variability of luminosity conditions for perception systems, and vast field extensions. To implement autonomous navigation systems in these conditions, robots should be able to operate during large periods and travel long trajectories. For this reason, it is essential that simultaneous localization and mapping algorithms can perform in large‐scale and long‐term operating conditions. One of the main challenges for these methods is maintaining low memory resources while mapping extensive environments. This work tackles this issue, proposing a localization and mapping approach called VineSLAM that uses a topological mapping architecture to manage the memory resources required by the algorithm. This topological map is a graph‐based structure where each node is agnostic to the type of data stored, enabling the creation of a multilayer mapping procedure. Also, a localization algorithm is implemented, which interacts with the topological map to perform access and search operations. Results show that our approach is aligned with the state‐of‐the‐art regarding localization precision, being able to compute the robot pose in long and challenging trajectories in agriculture. In addition, we prove that the topological approach innovates the state‐of‐the‐art memory management. The proposed algorithm requires less memory than the other benchmarked algorithms, and can maintain a constant memory allocation during the entire operation. This consists of a significant innovation, since our approach opens the possibility for the deployment of complex 3D SLAM algorithms in real‐world applications without scale restrictions.
Toward sustainable development: Connecting systems thinking competency and carbon footprint knowledge
Authors: Ratinen Ilkka , Linnanen Lassi , Claudelin Anna , Halonen Vilma 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPrevious research on field of sustainable development has shown that individuals' systems thinking competency promotes and predicts their sustainability competency and pro‐environmental behavior well. Systems thinking competency also enables us to focus more on large‐scale climate change mitigation actions. Previous surveys indicated that Finns have changed their behavior for mitigating climate change, but this has been not reflected in decreased consumption‐based calculated carbon footprints because large‐scale mitigation measures have not materialized. The present study assessed Finns' systems thinking competency (n = 2006) and knowledge of how to reduce their household carbon footprint. The survey data collected were analyzed using explorative factor analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, t‐test, and analysis of variance. The results indicate that Finns view their own systems thinking competency related to climate change as not very high, and heir assessments vary widely. Moreover, their knowledge of how to reduce their household carbon footprint is somewhat low and is geared toward small‐scale mitigation actions. The results can be used to inform environmental policy and sustainability education priorities.
Defect‐Induced Atomic Arrangement in CoFe Bimetallic Heterostructures with Boosted Oxygen Evolution Activity
Authors: Zheng Lingxia , Ye Weiqing , Zhao Yijian , Lv Zhuoqing , Shi Xiaowei , Wu Qi , Fang Xiaosheng , Zheng Huajun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThree CoFe‐bimetallic oxides with different compositions (termed as CoFeOx‐A/N/H) are prepared by thermally treating metal‐organic‐framework (MOF) precursors under different atmospheres (air, N2, and NaBH4/N2), respectively. With the aid of vast oxygen vacancies (Ov), cobalt at tetrahedral sites (Co2+(Th)) in spinel Co3O4 is diffused into interstitial octahedral sites (Oh) to form rocksalt CoO and ternary oxide CoFe2O4 has been induced to give the unique defective CoO/CoFe2O4 heterostructure. The resultant CoFeOx‐H exhibits superb electrocatalytic activity toward water oxidation: overpotential at 10 mA cm−2 is 192 mV, which is 122 mV smaller than that of CoFeOx‐A. The smaller Tafel slope (42.53 mV dec−1) and higher turnover frequency (785.5 h−1) suggest fast reaction kinetics. X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, ex situ characterizations, and theoretical calculations reveal that defect engineering effectively tunes the electronic configuration to a more active state, resulting in the greatly decreased binding energy of oxo intermediates, and consequently much lower catalytic overpotential. Moreover, the construction of hetero‐interface in CoFeOx‐H can provide rich active sites and promote efficient electron transfer. This work may shed light on a comprehensive understanding of the modulation of electron configuration of bimetallic oxides and inspire the smart design of high‐performance electrocatalysts.
Processing and Properties of Garnet‐Type Li7La3Zr2O12 Ceramic Electrolytes
Authors: Chen Chao , Wang Kexin , He Hongying , Hanc Emil , Kotobuki Masashi , Lu Li 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGarnet‐type solid electrolyte Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) is widely considered as one of the most promising candidates for solid state batteries (SSBs) owing to its high ionic conductivity and good electrochemical stability. Since its discovery in 2007, great progress has been made in terms of crystal chemistry, chemical and electrochemical properties, and battery application. Nonetheless, reliable and controllable preparation of LLZO ceramics with desirable properties still remains as big challenges. Herein, this review summarizes various synthetic routes of LLZO ceramics and examines the influence of various key processing parameters on the chemical and electrochemical properties. Focusing on correlation of processing parameters and properties, this review aims to provide new insights on a reliable and controllable production of high‐quality LLZO ceramic electrolytes for SSB application.
Stepwise Crystallization of Millimeter Scale Thorium Cluster Single Crystals as a Bifunctional Platform for X‐ray Detection and Shielding
Authors: Zheng Zhaofa , Lu Huangjie , Hou Huiliang , Bai Yaoyao , Qiu Jie , Guo Xiaofeng , Wang Jian‐Qiang , Lin Jian 
Published: December 2022

AbstractMonitoring and shielding of X‐ray radiation are of paramount importance across diverse fields. However, they are frequently realized in separate protocols and a single material integrating both functions remained elusive. Herein, a hexanuclear cluster [Th6(µ3‐OH)4(µ3‐O)4(H2O)6](pba)6(HCOO)6 (Th‐pba‐0D) incorporating high‐Z thorium cations and 3‐(pyridin‐4‐yl)benzoate ligands that can function as a brand‐new dual‐module platform for visible detection and efficient shielding of ionizing radiation is demonstrated. Th‐pba‐0D exhibits rather unique reversible radiochromism upon alternating X‐ray and UV irradiation. Moreover, the millimeter scale crystal size of Th‐pba‐0D renders the penetration depth of X‐ray visible to naked eye and leads to the unearthing of its high X‐ray attenuation efficiency. Indeed, the shielding efficacy of Th‐pba‐0D is comparable to that of lead glass containing 40% PbO, and a Th‐pba‐0D pellet with a thickness of merely 1.2 mm can shield 99.73% X‐ray (16 keV). These studies portend the possible utilization of thorium‐bearing materials as a bifunctional platform for radiation detection and shielding.
Introduction
Authors: Szulecki Kacper , Erdal Marta Bivand , Stanley Ben 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe chapter introduces the phenomenon of external voting, defined as exercising voting rights by citizens who are temporarily or permanently residing outside their country of origin. We delimit this form of electoral participation from similar forms of transnational politics and discuss the history and diffusion of expatriate enfranchisement, now covering a majority of countries in the world. We then go through the different features of external voting—where is it present, what sorts of elections are covered, what are the modes of organizing elections, how are ballots counted in different political systems, and what the criteria of eligibility might be. Finally, we review the extant literature on external voting, originating in comparative politics and in migration studies, and highlight some gaps that this book seeks to fill.
Emigration and Transnational Political Practices in Central and Eastern Europe After EU Enlargement 2004–2007
Authors: Szulecki Kacper , Erdal Marta Bivand , Stanley Ben 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAs the European Union expanded eastward in 2004 and 2007 to cover the formerly communist states of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE), this triggered a wave of migration which saw millions of people moving to Western and Northern European countries. What impact did that migration have on the politics of CEE countries, and what might be the relationship between outward migration and the apparent democracy backsliding occurring in some parts of the region? This is the main puzzle of this book, which looks at the way external voting results can be used to assess migrant political preferences and their change over time, as well as their potential influence on domestic politics in sending countries. This chapter sketches the political context of CEE and introduces the data gathering procedure and methodology of the project on which the book draws.
Double-real-virtual and double-virtual-real corrections to the three-loop thrust soft function
Authors: Chen Wen , Feng Feng , Jia Yu , Liu Xiaohui 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
We compute the $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
($$ {\alpha}_s^3 $$

α
s
3

) double-real-virtual (RRV) and double-virtual-real (VVR) soft contributions to the thrust/zero-jettiness event shape. The result clears up one of the most stubborn obstacles toward the complete $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
($$ {\alpha}_s^3 $$

α
s
3

) thrust soft function. The results presented here serve the key input to realize the next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic prime (N3LL’) resummation of the thrust event shape. The obtained results also constitutes the important ingredients of the N -jettiness-subtraction scheme at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N3LO).
Cost minimizing planning of container inspection and repair in multiple facilities
Authors: Kovalyov Mikhail Y. , Lukashevich Mikhail N. , Pesch Erwin 
Published: December 2022

AbstractA problem of optimal mid-term or long-term planning of inspection and repair of freight containers in multiple facilities is introduced and investigated. The containers are of different types and quality levels, which define their repair costs and workforce requirements. The objective function includes the total holding, inspection, repair, transportation and rejection costs. We propose a deterministic, time-dependent, integer linear min-cost multi-commodity network-flow formulation. The problem is shown to be polynomially solvable if there is a single facility, a single time period and all the containers are repairable and have to be repaired. It is shown to be NP-hard for three important special cases. The computational results of our experiments on randomly generated instances based on real data show that instances of sizes 3 facilities, 4 container types and up to 9 container quality levels can be solved with CPLEX in 5 minutes on a conventional PC, even for 30 periods, with an optimality gap of less than 3%. This is sufficient for medium-term or weekly planning or for short-term recovery planning. However, there are instances of the same magnitude, but with 360 periods of a considerably longer planning horizon, for which an optimality gap of 28% remained even after 10 hours of CPLEX computation.
Therapieansprechen und Komplikationen von älteren Patienten mit ANCA(antineutrophile cytoplasmatische Antikörper)-assoziierten Vaskulitiden
Authors: Schulte-Kemna Lena , Kühne David , Bettac Lukas , Herrmann Hannes , Ludwig Ulla , Kächele Martin , Schröppel Bernd 
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Von ANCA(antineutrophile cytoplasmatische Antikörper)-assoziierten Vaskulitiden (AAV) sind v. a. Menschen höheren Alters betroffen, ohne dass adaptierte Therapiekonzepte für diese Patienten existieren.

Ziel der Studie
Ziel der Studie war es, Unterschiede in Verlauf und Outcome von Patienten mit AAV hinsichtlich des Alters zu analysieren.

Material und Methoden
62 Patienten wurden auf Therapieansprechen, 53 (85 %) davon konnten hinsichtlich unerwünschter Nebenwirkungen (AE und SAE), analysiert werden. Es wurden ältere (> 65 J.) mit jüngeren (< 65 J.) Patienten verglichen. Das Therapieansprechen wurde nach 6 Monaten, Komplikationen wurden über 18 Monaten beurteilt.

Ergebnisse
Das Therapieansprechen war in beiden Altersgruppen nicht unterschiedlich. In der multiplen logistischen Regression waren die pulmonale Beteiligung (OR = 6,9, KI = 1,7–27,8; p < 0,01) und die ΔGFR [ml/min] (OR = 0,93, KI = 0,89–0,97; p < 0,01) Prädiktoren für SAE. 14 Patienten hatten mehr als eine SAE; auch hier war eine pulmonale Manifestation bei Diagnose (28,2 % vs. 78,6 %, p < 0,01) Risikofaktor. Ältere Patienten (78,6 % vs. 43,6 %, p = 0,025) waren häufiger betroffen. Patienten mit mehreren SAE bekamen länger Glukokortikoiddosen über 5 mg/Tag (171 ± 65 Tage vs. 120 ± 70 Tage, p = 0,03).

Diskussion
Hinsichtlich des Therapieansprechens wurden keine Unterschiede zwischen älteren und jüngeren Patienten gefunden. Bei älteren Patienten traten häufiger mehrere SAE auf. Es bestand eine Korrelation zwischen pulmonaler Manifestation und Dauer einer Glukokortikoidgabe mit einem komplizierten Verlauf. Die häufigsten SAE waren Infektionen, welche einer stationären Aufnahme bedurften.

Schlussfolgerung
Die Therapie für ältere Patienten sollte individualisiert werden, mit dem Ziel einer raschen Reduktion von Glukokortikoiden. Ein besonderes Monitoring ist für ältere Patienten v. a. mit pulmonaler Manifestation bei Krankheitsbeginn angezeigt.
Managing post-conflict demolition wastes in Gaza Strip: a case study on May 2021 conflict
Authors: AbuHamed Hatem , Al Bursh Waheed , Abu Mfarreh Suleiman , Yoshida Mitsuo 
Published: December 2022

AbstractGaza Strip is considered as one of the armed conflicts prone areas in Middle East. Several intensive conflicts occurred in Gaza Strip in 2008, 2012, 2014 and 2021. These conflicts caused massive destroying the infrastructures, facilities, and buildings, which affected all services and activities in Gaza Strip. One of the major post-conflict issues in Gaza strip is the management of resulted demolition waste including its removal, sorting, recycling, and material recovery. In May 2021, over than 370,000 tons of demolition waste composed of rubbles and debris was generated during 11 days of armed conflict. The accumulated previous experience of rubbles and debris removal and recycling in Gaza Strip supported to perform a quick management approach for safe removal of the post-conflict demolition waste and reuse/recycle the resulted waste materials in various applications. The sorting and transporting process of concreate and non-concreate rubble elements of the waste were carried out in cooperation between local and international agencies as emergency recovery-funded projects. The most proportion of rubbles are concrete aggregates, thus, the material recovery was conducted through crushing process for concrete rubbles and then reusing it for road rehabilitation or producing concrete building blocks. The large concrete blocks reused to be placed for shoreline protection for specific area along Gaza beach. The recycling of post-conflict demolition waste management projects in Gaza Strip brought economic and social benefits through the reuse and recycle of resources and creation of job opportunities. In conclusion, although the post-conflict demolition waste management is quite different from municipal/industrial waste management in Gaza Strip, it is conducted through applying similar techniques of disaster waste management in waste removal, and those of construction and demolition (C&D) waste management in sorting, crushing, and sieving for recycling.
A Note on Humphreys’ Conjecture on Blocks
Authors: Westaway Matthew 
Published: December 2022

AbstractHumphreys’ conjecture on blocks parametrises the blocks of a reduced enveloping algebra of the Lie algebras of a reductive algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of positive characteristic. It is well-known to hold under Jantzen’s standard assumptions. We note here that it holds under slightly weaker assumptions, by utilising the full generality of certain results in the literature. We also provide a new approach to prove the result in type G2 in characteristic 3, a case in which the previously mentioned weaker assumptions do not hold. This approach requires some dimensional calculations for certain centralisers, which we conduct in the Appendix for all the exceptional Lie algebras in bad characteristic.
Formalising Szemerédi’s Regularity Lemma and Roth’s Theorem on Arithmetic Progressions in Isabelle/HOL
Authors: Edmonds Chelsea , Koutsoukou-Argyraki Angeliki , Paulson Lawrence C. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe have formalised Szemerédi’s Regularity Lemma and Roth’s Theorem on Arithmetic Progressions, two major results in extremal graph theory and additive combinatorics, using the proof assistant Isabelle/HOL. For the latter formalisation, we used the former to first show the Triangle Counting Lemma and the Triangle Removal Lemma: themselves important technical results. Here, in addition to showcasing the main formalised statements and definitions, we focus on sensitive points in the proofs, describing how we overcame the difficulties that we encountered.
Caregiving Across International Borders: a Systematic Review of Literature on Transnational Carer-Employees
Authors: Sethi Bharati , Williams Allison , Leung Joyce L. S. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn diaspora and transnational studies little is known about the experiences of transnational carer-employees (TCEs). TCEs provide unpaid/informal care across international borders to an adult family member, friend, or relative with disability and/or age-related needs, while also working in paid employment in the country of resettlement. The primary focus of this systematic review was to examine how cultural and historical elements of transnational caregiving influence the economic, social, and health/well-being of TCEs. This systematic review draws on quantitative and qualitative peer-reviewed literature on TCEs’ experiences from Canada, the USA, or Australia between 1997 and 2017. In all, 16 articles that fulfilled the search inclusion criteria were selected. The articles were analyzed using content and thematic analysis. The review highlighted that transnational caregiving is a multi-dimensional phenomenon. There is a reciprocal relationship between adult children providing care to their parents and parents helping their children resettle in their new home. The findings suggest that TCEs provide practical, financial, and emotional care to their families abroad. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive systematic review of the experiences of TCEs. Increasingly complex immigration experiences of transnational families require innovative policy responses from a transnational and intersectionality lens. Immigrants need support to maintain solid transnational networks and simultaneously adapt to the country of resettlement. Employers can use the findings to support TCEs in balancing unpaid care across vast geographical distances while sustaining their economic and social well-being.