bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Boarding versus day‐students: A mixed‐methods analysis of sleep and its relationship with psychological distress
Authors: Reardon Alexander , Lushington Kurt , Junge Andrew , Crichton Jonathan , Agostini Alex 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundBoarding students face unique challenges when entering school, including: adapting to a novel environment, where they are separated from family, friends and culture, for up to 40 weeks per year. A particular challenge is sleep. A further challenge is coping with the demands of boarding with its potential impact on psychological well‐being.AimsTo explore how boarders' sleep differs from that of their day‐student peers, and how this relates to psychological well‐being.Sample and Methods309 students (59 boarding students and 250 day‐students, at one Adelaide school) completed the School Sleep Habits Survey, Depression‐Anxiety‐Stress‐Scale‐21 (DASS‐21), and Flourishing Scale. Boarding students additionally completed the Utrecht Homesickness Scale. Thirteen boarding students described experiences of sleeping in boarding through focus groups.ResultsBoarding students, compared to day‐students reported 40 minutes more sleep per weeknight (p < .001), with earlier sleep onset (p = .026), and later wake‐up (p = .008) times. No significant differences were observed between boarding' and day‐students' DASS‐21 scores. Hierarchical regression revealed longer total weekday sleep time predicted higher psychological well‐being in both boarding and day‐students. Additionally, in boarding students, low homesickness‐loneliness and homesickness‐ruminations further predicted psychological well‐being. Thematic analysis of boarding students' focus group responses revealed that night‐time routine, and restricting technology use at night facilitated sleep.ConclusionsThis study supports – in both boarding and day‐students – the importance of sleep for adolescent well‐being. Sleep hygiene can play an important role in boarding student sleep, especially: regular night‐time routine and restricting technology use at night. Finally, these findings suggest that poor sleep and homesickness have an adverse effect on boarding student psychological well‐being. This study highlights the importance of strategies which promote sleep hygiene and minimize homesickness, in boarding school students.
Metformin sensitizes AML cells to venetoclax through endoplasmic reticulum stress—CHOP pathway
Authors: Hua Lei , Yang Nianhui , Li Yue , Huang Kexiu , Jiang Xinya , Liu Fangshu , Yu Zhi , Chen Jie , Lai Jing , Du Juan , Zeng Hui 
Published: July 2023

SummaryVenetoclax inhibits acute myeloid leukaemia by inhibiting BCL‐2 targeting, and a combination regimen with venetoclax has been explored. Although these regimens produce better clinical results, the vast majority of patients still suffer from disease recurrence or primary drug resistance. Metformin has been demonstrated to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. However, whether it can synergize with venetoclax and the underlying mechanisms of metformin‐induced apoptosis are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of metformin and venetoclax on the growth of AML cells in vitro and in vivo. In both Molm13 and THP‐1 cell lines, metformin and venetoclax synergistically inhibited the proliferation and induced apoptosis of leukaemia cells. Most importantly, the combination of metformin and venetoclax treatment significantly increased the expression levels of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐related marker CHOP, for example, in AML cell lines. Knockdown of CHOP markedly attenuated the metformin‐ and venetoclax‐induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, the combination of metformin and venetoclax demonstrated prominent anti‐leukaemia effects in xenograft models and bone marrow samples from AML patients. In summary, the combination of metformin and venetoclax showed enhanced anti‐leukaemia activity with acceptable safety in AML patients, representing a new combinatorial strategy worth further clinical investigation to treat AML.
Room‐temperature structural, magnetic, and dielectric characteristics of La‐doped CuO bulk multiferroic
Authors: Brajesh Kumar , Ranjan Sudhir , Kumar Rishow , Gupta Rajeev , Dixit Ambesh , Garg Ashish 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this manuscript, we report room‐temperature structural, microstructural, optical, dielectric, and magnetic properties of CuO and Cu0.995La0.005O ceramics, synthesized by solid‐state reaction method. La doping in CuO leads to the evolution of compact and dense microstructure with reduced porosity. Due to noticeable differences in the ionic radii of Cu2+ (0.73 Ǻ) and La3+ (1.03 Ǻ), La doping creates vacancy defects which induces considerable strain in the CuO lattice resulting in a reduction in the lattice parameters and cell volume. However, both ceramics process similar monoclinic structure with C2/c space group. Detailed characterization using X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman, and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the incorporation of the La3+ in CuO lattice. Interestingly, La doping enhances the dielectric constant and results in a reduced leakage current. The onset of large dielectric constant is attributed to dense microstructure and strain/distortion in CuO lattice after La doping. Additionally, the bandgap of Cu0.995La0.005O ceramics decreases which is attributed to increased vacancy defect concentration that creates intermediate dopant energy level within bandgap of CuO matrix. Furthermore, improvement in magnetic and dielectric properties is also discussed and correlated with the grain size in La‐doped CuO.
Modeling the effects of ration on individual growth of Oncorhynchus tshawytscha under controlled conditions
Authors: Johne Alexandra S. , Carter Chris G. , Wotherspoon Simon , Hadley Scott , Symonds Jane E. , Walker Seumas P. , Blanchard Julia L. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFed aquaculture is one of the fastest‐growing and most valuable food production industries in the world. The efficiency with which farmed fish convert feed into biomass influences both environmental impact and economic revenue. Salmonid species, such as king salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), exhibit high levels of plasticity in vital rates such as feed intake and growth rates. Accurate estimations of individual variability in vital rates are important for production management. The use of mean trait values to evaluate feeding and growth performance can mask individual‐level differences that potentially contribute to inefficiencies. Here, the authors apply a cohort integral projection model (IPM) framework to investigate individual variation in growth performance of 1625 individually tagged king salmon fed one of three distinct rations of 60%, 80%, and 100% satiation and tracked over a duration of 276 days. To capture the observed sigmoidal growth of individuals, they compared a nonlinear mixed‐effects (logistic) model to a linear model used within the IPM framework. Ration significantly influenced several aspects of growth, both at the individual and at the cohort level. Mean final body mass and mean growth rate increased with ration; however, variance in body mass and feed intake also increased significantly over time. Trends in mean body mass and individual body mass variation were captured by both logistic and linear models, suggesting the linear model to be suitable for use in the IPM. The authors also observed that higher rations resulted in a decreasing proportion of individuals reaching the cohort's mean body mass or larger by the end of the experiment. This suggests that, in the present experiment, feeding to satiation did not produce the desired effects of efficient, fast, and uniform growth in juvenile king salmon. Although monitoring individuals through time is challenging in commercial aquaculture settings, recent technological advances combined with an IPM approach could provide new scope for tracking growth performance in experimental and farmed populations. Using the IPM framework might allow the exploration of other size‐dependent processes affecting vital rate functions, such as competition and mortality.
Effect of different anti‐cardiovascular disease treatments on the severity of obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Lin Ruihan , Zhang Yuan , Yan Wenjie , Hu Wenru , Chen Yuwei , Yi Minhan 
Published: July 2023

SummaryObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and cardiovascular co‐morbidities have a mutually reinforcing effect, but existing studies have focussed only on the improvement of the associated co‐morbidities by treatment for OSA. To provide fresh guidelines for the treatment of OSA from a co‐morbidity standpoint, we conducted a systematic search of Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library for articles published from inception up to 2 May 2023. Fourteen original studies of patients with OSA with cardiovascular co‐morbidities and who received related treatment were included in the analysis. We found that diuretic treatment can reduce the apnea–hypopnea index in patients with OSA and hypertension (−19.41/h, p = 1.0 × 10−5), aldosterone‐angiotensin inhibitors also have a 9.19/h reduction (p = 0.003), while the effect of renal sympathetic denervation is insignificant (−2.32/h, p = 0.19). The short‐term treatment (<4 weeks) did not show an improvement (−2.72/h, p = 0.16), while long‐term treatment (>4 weeks) produced surprising outcomes (−12.78/h, p = 0.002). Patients with milder disease (baseline AHI < 35/h) had insignificant improvements (−1.05/h, p = 0.46), whereas those with more severe disease (baseline AHI > 35/h) could achieve satisfactory outcomes (−14.74/h, p < 0.00001). In addition, it also showed some improvement in the oxygen desaturation index and blood oxygen. Our results support the additional benefit of antihypertensive treatment for OSA symptoms, and the efficacy can be affected by different therapy, treatment duration, and severity levels. It could be useful in developing clinical therapy, educating patients, and exploring interaction mechanisms. The proposal was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022351206).
Anesthesia for laryngotracheal reconstruction in children: A narrative review
Authors: Lee Amy J. , Prager Jeremy D. , Mandler Tessa N. , Chatterjee Debnath , Wine Todd M. , Janosy Norah R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLaryngotracheal stenosis, congenital or acquired, is a common cause of pediatric airway obstruction. Acquired subglottic stenosis frequently results from prolonged neonatal intubation. The clinical presentation of subglottic stenosis is variable, ranging from biphasic stridor and frequent upper respiratory infections to acute airway compromise. Optimal patient care requires clinical coordination within a multidisciplinary subspecialty team. Medical management includes optimizing respiratory status, gastroesophageal reflux, speech, feeding, nutrition therapies, and providing psychosocial support. If surgical intervention is required, the otolaryngologist, anesthesiologist, and perioperative team must collaborate closely to ensure successful operative outcomes. This narrative review of laryngotracheal stenosis will discuss the pathophysiology, clinical evaluation, medical management, and surgical interventions, and focus on the perioperative anesthetic considerations for children undergoing laryngotracheal reconstruction.
Supplemental Material: Paleogeographic maps: Audience insights on portrayal of ancient terrain and climate
Authors: Admin Editing , Hagadorn James W. , Bonner Hannah , Roth Ellen K. , Arthurs Leilani A. 
Published: July 2023

<p>File S1. Interview script. File S2. Coding manual. Table S1. Metadata for the public and professional populations interviewed. Table S2. Types of landscape features identified by participants. Table S3. Common questions and hypotheses expressed by participants. </p>
Populism in Times of a Pandemic
Authors: Gruber Mirjam , Isetti Giulia , Ghirardello Linda , Walder Maximilian 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This article provides an analysis of the COVID-19 discourse within six European populist parties from Spain, Germany, and France, with the aim of shedding light on the diverse interpretations and presentations of the pandemic by these parties. While most studies focus on right-wing or far-right populism, this study looks at both right and left ideologies paired with populism. By applying the discourse-historical approach of critical discourse studies, we highlight similarities and differences across the right-left political spectrum, as well as variations within and between different countries. The study contributes thus to the existing literature on populism and extends our understanding of the relationship between populist parties and the pandemic beyond right-wing populist parties only. Results, consistent with previous research, show that the host ideology decisively shapes parties’ discourses about COVID-19 and the need to consider alternative perspectives in populism research.
Notoginsenoside R1 can inhibit the interaction between FGF1 and VEGFA to retard podocyte apoptosis
Authors: Li ChangYan , Zhong HuaChen , Ma JingYuan , Liang Zhang , Zhang Le , Liu Tao , Fan WenXing 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic condition resulting from microangiopathy in a high-glucose environment. The evaluation of vascular injury in DN has primarily focused on active molecules of VEGF, namely VEGFA and VEGF2(F2R). Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), a traditional anti-inflammatory medication, exhibits vascular activity. Therefore, identifying classical drugs with vascular inflammatory protection for the treatment of DN is a valuable pursuit.

Methods
The “Limma” method was employed to analyze the glomerular transcriptome data, while the Spearman algorithm for Swiss target prediction was utilized to analyze the drug targets of NGR1. The molecular docking technique was employed to investigate the relationship between vascular active drug targets, and the COIP experiment was conducted to verify the interaction between fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) and VEGFA in relation to NGR1 and drug targets.

Results
According to the Swiss target prediction, the LEU32(b) site of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (VEGFA) protein, as well as the Lys112(a), SER116(a), and HIS102(b) sites of the Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 (FGF1) protein, are potential binding sites for NGR1 through hydrogen bonding. Additionally, the Co-immunoprecipitation (COIP) results suggest that VEGFA and FGF1 proteins can interact with each other, and NGR1 can impede this interaction. Furthermore, NGR1 can suppress the expression of VEGFA and FGF1 in a high-glucose environment, thereby decelerating podocyte apoptosis.

Conclusion
The inhibition of the interaction between FGF1 and VEGFA by NGR1 has been observed to decelerate podocyte apoptosis.
Identification of lipid metabolism-related biomarkers for diagnosis and molecular classification of atherosclerosis
Authors: Pan Xue , Liu Jifeng , Zhong Lei , Zhang Yunshu , Liu Chaosheng , Gao Jing , Pang Min 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Atherosclerosis is now the main cause of cardiac-cerebral vascular diseases around the world. Disturbances in lipid metabolism have an essential role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. Thus, we aimed to investigate lipid metabolism-related molecular clusters and develop a diagnostic model for atherosclerosis.

Methods
First, we used the GSE100927 and GSE43292 datasets to screen differentially expressed lipid metabolism-related genes (LMRGs). Subsequent enrichment analysis of these key genes was performed using the Metascape database. Using 101 atherosclerosis samples, we investigated the LMRG-based molecular clusters and the corresponding immune cell infiltration. After that, a diagnostic model for atherosclerosis was constructed using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) and multivariate logistic regression. Finally, a series of bioinformatics techniques, including CIBERSORT, gene set variation analysis, and single-cell data analysis, were used to analyze the potential mechanisms of the model genes in atherosclerosis.

Results
A total of 29 LMRGs were found to be differentially expressed between atherosclerosis and normal samples. Functional and DisGeNET enrichment analyses indicated that 29 LMRGs are primarily engaged in cholesterol and lipid metabolism, the PPAR signaling pathway, and regulation of the inflammatory response and are also closely associated with atherosclerotic lesions. Two LMRG-related molecular clusters with significant biological functional differences are defined in atherosclerosis. A three-gene diagnostic model containing ADCY7, SCD, and CD36 was subsequently constructed. Receiver operating characteristic curves, decision curves, and an external validation dataset showed that our model exhibits good predictive performance. In addition, three model genes were found to be closely associated with immune cell infiltration, especially macrophage infiltration.

Conclusions
Our study comprehensively highlighted the intricate association between lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis and created a three-gene model for future clinical diagnosis.
Etiology of super-enhancer reprogramming and activation in cancer
Authors: Zhou Royce W. , Parsons Ramon E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSuper-enhancers are large, densely concentrated swaths of enhancers that regulate genes critical for cell identity. Tumorigenesis is accompanied by changes in the super-enhancer landscape. These aberrant super-enhancers commonly form to activate proto-oncogenes, or other genes upon which cancer cells depend, that initiate tumorigenesis, promote tumor proliferation, and increase the fitness of cancer cells to survive in the tumor microenvironment. These include well-recognized master regulators of proliferation in the setting of cancer, such as the transcription factor MYC which is under the control of numerous super-enhancers gained in cancer compared to normal tissues. This Review will cover the expanding cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic etiology of these super-enhancer changes in cancer, including somatic mutations, copy number variation, fusion events, extrachromosomal DNA, and 3D chromatin architecture, as well as those activated by inflammation, extra-cellular signaling, and the tumor microenvironment.
Topology and adenocarcinoma cell localization dataset on the labyrinthin diapeutic biomarker
Authors: Sharma Ankit , Babich Michael , Li Tianhong , Radosevich James A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
The discovery and characterization of tumor associated antigens is increasingly important to advance the field of immuno-oncology. In this regard, labyrinthin has been implicated as a neoantigen found on the cell surface of adenocarcinomas. Data on the (1) topology, (2) amino acid (a.a.) homology analyses and (3) cell surface localization of labyrinthin by fluorescent activated cell sorter (FACS) are studied in support of labyrinthin as a novel, pan-adenocarcinoma marker.

Results
Bioinformatics analyses predict labyrinthin as a type II protein with calcium binding domain(s), N-myristoylation sites, and kinase II phosphorylation sites. Sequence homologies for labyrinthin (255 a.a.) were found vs. the intracellular aspartyl/asparaginyl beta-hydroxylase (ASPH; 758 a.a.) and the ASPH-gene related protein junctate (299 a.a.), which are both type II proteins. Labyrinthin was detected by FACS on only non-permeablized A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells, but not on normal WI-38 human lung fibroblasts nor primary cultures of normal human glandular-related cells. Microscopic images of immunofluorescent labelled MCA 44-3A6 binding to A549 cells at random cell cycle stages complement the FACS results by further showing that labyrinthin persisted on the cell surfaces along with some cell internalization for greater than 20 min.
Prevention and management of critical care complications in cardiogenic shock: a narrative review
Authors: Kirigaya Jin , Iwahashi Noriaki , Terasaka Kengo , Takeuchi Ichiro 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Cardiogenic shock (CS) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in cardiac intensive care units (CICUs), even in the contemporary era.

Main text
Although mechanical circulatory supports have recently become widely available and used in transforming the management of CS, their routine use to improve outcomes has not been established. Transportation to a high-volume center, early reperfusion, tailored mechanical circulatory supports, regionalized systems of care with multidisciplinary CS teams, a dedicated CICU, and a systemic approach, including preventing noncardiogenic complications, are the key components of CS treatment strategies.

Conclusions
This narrative review aimed to discuss the challenges of preventing patients from developing CS-related complications and provide a comprehensive practical approach for its management.
Exploring foundation doctors’ self-reported confidence in the assessment and management of mental health conditions
Authors: Gillett George , Davis Owen , Gill Amarit , van Hamel Clare 
Published: July 2023

Aims and methodThis study assesses newly qualified doctors’ confidence in practising clinical skills related to the assessment and management of mental health conditions and how this correlates with other areas of medicine. We conducted a national survey of 1311 Foundation Year 1 doctors in the UK. Survey items assessed confidence recognising mentally unwell patients, conducting a mental state examination, assessing cognition and mental capacity, formulating a psychiatric diagnosis and prescribing psychotropic medications.ResultsA substantial proportion of surveyed doctors lacked confidence in their clinical skills related to mental health and prescribing psychotropic medications. Network analysis revealed that items corresponding to mental health were highly correlated, suggesting a potential generalised lack of confidence in mental healthcare.Clinical implicationsWe identify areas of lack of confidence in some newly qualified doctors’ ability to assess and manage mental health conditions. Future research might explore how greater exposure to psychiatry, integrated teaching and clinical simulation might better support medical students for future clinical work.