bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and printability of diamond-containing composite filament for material extrusion
Authors: Su Zhou , Kong Xiangwang , He Tao , Wu Dongyu , Wu Jingjing , Zhang Shaohe 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
Material extrusion technology is considered to be an effective way to realize the accurate and integrated manufacturing of high-performance metal diamond tools with complex structures. The present work aims to report the G4 binder that can be used to create metal composite filament loading high concentrations of large diamond particles through comparative experiments.

Design/methodology/approach
The quality of filaments was evaluated by surface topography observation and porosity measurement. And the printability of filaments was further studied by the tensile test, rheological test, shear analysis and printing test.

Findings
The results show that the G4 binder exhibits the best capacity for loading diamonds among G1–G4. The L4 filament created with G4 has no defects such as pores, cracks and patterns on the surface and section, and has the lowest porosity, which is about 1/3 of the L1. Therefore, the diamond-containing composite filament based on G4 binder exhibits the best quality. On the other hand, the results of the tensile test of L5–L8 filaments reveal that as the diamond content increases from 10% to 30%, the tensile strength of the filament decreases by 29.52%, and the retention force coefficient decreases by 15.74%. This can be attributed to the formation of inefficient bonding areas of the clustered diamond particles inside the composite filament, which also leads to a weakening of the shear strength. Despite this, the results of the printing test show that the diamond-containing composite filament based on the G4 binder has reliable printability.

Originality/value
Therefore, the G4 binder is considered to solve the most critical first challenge in the development of diamond-containing filament.
Explaining media effect of green advertising on audience attitude
Authors: Khandelwal Utkal , Singh Trilok Pratap 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This study aims to establish two aspects: first, whether green advertising through multiple media (repetition versus reversal) generates a positive purchase intention than green advertising with a single medium repeat one medium at different levels of product involvement (high versus low level). Second, whether a green advertisement presented through multiple media influences green message credibility, green advertiser credibility, green advertisement credibility, green brand credibility, green ad engagement, attitude toward the green brand and green purchase intention (GPI) than a green advertisement presented through single medium repetition under different level of product involvement, green advertising, media effects, consumer attitude, purchase intention and product involvement.

Design/methodology/approach
3 × 2 mixed factorial design is used to examine the audience exposure towards repetitive green ads on multiple media sources such as television, the internet and print. This has a more significant impact on environmental claims in terms of green message credibility, green advertiser credibility, green advertisement credibility, green brand credibility, green ad engagement, attitude toward the green brand and GPI compared to audiences exposed to the same ads on a single medium under high level and low level of product involvement.

Findings
The audience was exposed to several media situations, repeating green advertising, has a more significant impact on environmental claims in terms of green message credibility, green advertiser credibility, green advertisement credibility, green brand credibility, green ad engagement, attitude toward the green brand and purchase intention rather than for the audience who encounter a green ad with a high and low degree of product involvement in a single medium.

Originality/value
Only a few studies have measured media synergy effects, and to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no one has measured media effects on green advertisements. By examining different media combination effects of green ads on the audience, the knowledge of green marketing communication and its marketing strategies has been expanded.
Role of Cu percentage in the Sn-xCu alloy on the mechanical performance at Sn-xCu/ENIG interface produced by laser soldering
Authors: Abdullah Muhammad Asyraf , Idris Siti Rabiatull Aisha 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
Pb-free solders have been developed to replace the standard Sn–Pb eutectic solder since the prohibition on Pb used in solders. The Sn–Ag–Cu series of lead-free solders is the most extensively used in the electronics industry. The Ag3Sn, which forms during isothermal ageing, can significantly degrade solder joint reliability. Sn–Ag–Cu solder’s high price further hindered its use in the electronics industry. This paper aims to investigate different copper percentages into Sn–xCu solder alloy to improve its microstructure and strength performance.

Design/methodology/approach
The solder alloys used in this work were Sn–xCu, where x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0 Wt.%, which was soldered onto electroless nickel immersion gold (ENIG) substrate using carbon dioxide (CO2) gas laser. Then these samples were subjected to isothermal aging for 0, 200, 500, 1,000 and 2,000 h. The Sn–xCu solder alloy was fabricated through a powder metallurgy process.

Findings
Microstructure characterization showed that Cu addition resulted in fine and rounded shape of Cu–Sn–Ni particles. Shear strength of Sn–xCu solder joints was increased with increasing Cu content, but at aging duration of 1,000 h, it dropped slightly. It is believed that the strength improved due to the increment of diffusion rate during isothermal aging.

Practical implications
In a Cu–Sn solder, the recommended amount is 1.0 Wt.% of Cu. In extensive aging procedures, it was discovered that Sn1.0Cu solder improved the reliability of solder joints. The findings indicated that the innovative solder alloys might satisfy the needs of high-reliability applications.

Originality/value
The study shows that the right amount of Cu enhances the solidification of Sn–Cu solder, increasing the shear force of the Cu–Sn solder joint. The Sn1.0Cu exhibits a ductile fracture on the top microstructure, improving the joint’s average shear strength.
Where’s the yolk – did you just call that mayonnaise?
Authors: Gantt Karen , Berry Daphne 
Published: May 2023

Research methodology
The data for this case was collected from legal and business research databases (Lexis, ABI/INFORM)) and from business press sources (for example, Forbes, the NY Times and the Wall Street Journal). Emails between the Egg Board, the Food and Drug Administration and key players at Unilever are referenced throughout the case and were provided by the United States Department of Agriculture’s Agricultural Marketing Service Compliance Branch and obtained pursuant to the Freedom of Information Act. Federal regulations and codes, as applicable, are also referenced (The US Code, the Code of Federal Regulations).

Case overview/synopsis
This short case presents the problems of Just Mayo, a start-up company, in maintaining and growing market share in an industry dominated by a well-established, multinational firm. In 2011 Hampton Creek (renamed Just, Inc in 2018) began operations as a manufacturer of plant-based food products. One of its earliest products was Just Mayo, a sandwich spread with all the attributes of traditional mayonnaise except without eggs or other dairy products. Shortly after Just Mayo was introduced, Unilever – a multinational conglomerate and food giant, sued Hampton Creek, claiming that use of the name “Just Mayo” amounted to false advertising and unfair competition.

Complexity academic level
This case is a learning tool for management, business law and ethics students at the undergraduate level. It was used in 2019 in a business law class at the sophomore and junior undergraduate level, where the focus was primarily on ethical considerations for all parties, understanding the role of regulatory agencies, and the legality of the strategies used. However, this case is equally applicable for a management or strategic management course with a focus on analyzing the tactics used for maintaining competitive advantage. A stakeholder analysis for various parties in either of these courses would also be suitable. Instructors addressing some of these topics together should find it particularly useful.
Goya Foods’ CEO: “A war [is] coming”
Authors: Quiñones Victor , Feliciano-Cestero Maria M. , Cruz-Cruz Alec 
Published: May 2023

Research methodology
In writing this case, the research team used secondary resources such as academic journals, trade magazines and websites to inform and verify the information.

Case overview/synopsis
January 7, 2021, was not a good day for Goya Foods CEO Robert Bob Unanue, who has been at the helm of Goya since 2004. On that day, the nine-member board of directors of Goya censured Unanue for publicly questioning the legitimacy of the 2021 United States Presidential election. A day before, on January 6, a mob “trapped lawmakers and vandalized the home of Congress in the worst desecration of the complex since British forces burned it in 1814” (Hockstein, 2021).
Unanue was considered a follower of former president Trump and has expressed that “the country was […] blessed to have a leader like President Trump, who is a builder” (Hawkins, 2020). In January 2021, Unanue appeared on Fox News and said a “ war was coming,” as Joe Biden’s election was “unverified.” These, among other words, motivated the censured by the board of Goya Foods, Inc. (Santana and Isidore, 2021).
Students are asked the following questions for discussion: Did the board of directors of Goya Foods carry its role too far by openly censuring Unanue? Did Unanue go too far by openly expressing subjective opinions and thus influencing how people view the election results? Should he have remained as CEO of Goya Foods after his words on Joe Biden’s election?

Complexity academic level
One of the authors has taught the case in the Strategic Management course for MBA students. In addition, graduate students of corporate governance, business ethics, social responsibility and leadership, among other classes, will be the target segments for the case.

Learning objectives
1. Recognize the effects on brand image and sales when CEOs participate in political arenas and publicly discuss social issues.
2. Understand the dynamics behind ethnic family businesses, such as their governance and conflict resolution approach.
3. Assess the value of the corporate board’s management of corporations.

Subject code
CCS11: Strategy
Algorithm justice – moving towards equitable artificial intelligence
Authors: K. Riyazahmed 
Published: May 2023

Research methodology
The case is presented as descriptive in nature and primarily involves exploratory research.

Case overview/synopsis
Ashraf, a young graduate from Bangalore, India, started a chain of lifestyle shops, his family business in Khartoum, Sudan. To modernize the shops, Ashraf approached a small finance bank for financial assistance. However, after submitting the required documents and with a good credit score, he was denied a loan. The bank officials had mentioned that the loan automation software did not approve the application. Hence, the bank personnel said that they could not do anything further. Disappointed, Ashraf sought the help of his professor, John, to understand why the software rejected his application. Professor John explained to Ashraf the advantages and disadvantages of automation. In the process, Ashraf understood the significance and compelling need to address “Algorithm Bias,” a situation in which specific attributes of an algorithm cause unfair outcomes. The case place students in Ashraf’s position to help them understand the advantages and issues of applying automation through artificial intelligence.

Complexity academic level
The case suits graduate-level courses like business analytics, financial analytics and business intelligence.

Learning objectives
Through the case, the students will be able to: Understand the role of algorithms in business and society. Understand the causes, effects and methods of reducing algorithm bias. Demonstrate the ability to detect algorithm bias. Define policies to mitigate algorithm bias.
Plastics select for distinct early colonizing microbial populations with reproducible traits across environmental gradients
Authors: Bos Ryan P. , Kaul Drishti , Zettler Erik R. , Hoffman Jeffrey M. , Dupont Christopher L. , Amaral‐Zettler Linda A. , Mincer Tracy J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractLittle is known about early plastic biofilm assemblage dynamics and successional changes over time. By incubating virgin microplastics along oceanic transects and comparing adhered microbial communities with those of naturally occurring plastic litter at the same locations, we constructed gene catalogues to contrast the metabolic differences between early and mature biofilm communities. Early colonization incubations were reproducibly dominated by Alteromonadaceae and harboured significantly higher proportions of genes associated with adhesion, biofilm formation, chemotaxis, hydrocarbon degradation and motility. Comparative genomic analyses among the Alteromonadaceae metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) highlighted the importance of the mannose‐sensitive hemagglutinin (MSHA) operon, recognized as a key factor for intestinal colonization, for early colonization of hydrophobic plastic surfaces. Synteny alignments of MSHA also demonstrated positive selection for mshA alleles across all MAGs, suggesting that mshA provides a competitive advantage for surface colonization and nutrient acquisition. Large‐scale genomic characteristics of early colonizers varied little, despite environmental variability. Mature plastic biofilms were composed of predominantly Rhodobacteraceae and displayed significantly higher proportions of carbohydrate hydrolysis enzymes and genes for photosynthesis and secondary metabolism. Our metagenomic analyses provide insight into early biofilm formation on plastics in the ocean and how early colonizers self‐assemble, compared to mature, phylogenetically and metabolically diverse biofilms.
Laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy versus vaginal sacrospinous fixation for vaginal vault prolapse: a randomised controlled trial and prospective cohort (SALTO‐2 trial)
Authors: van Oudheusden Anique M. J. , van IJsselmuiden Mèlanie N. , Menge Leah F. , Coolen Anne‐Lotte W. M. , Veen Joggem , van Eijndhoven Hugo W. F. , Dietz Viviane , Kluivers Kirsten B. , Spaans Wilbert A. , Vollebregt Astrid , van de Pol Geerte , Radder Celine M. , van der Ploeg J. Marinus , van Kuijk Sander M. J. , Bongers Marlies Y. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine whether laparoscopic sacrocolpopexy (LSC) or vaginal sacrospinous fixation (VSF) is the most optimal surgical treatment in patients with POP‐Q stage ≥2 vaginal vault prolapse (VVP).DesignMulticentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) and prospective cohort study alongside.SettingSeven non‐university teaching hospitals and two university hospitals in the Netherlands.PopulationPatients with symptomatic post‐hysterectomy vaginal vault prolapse, requiring surgical treatment.MethodsRandomisation in a 1:1 ratio to LSC or VSF. Evaluation of prolapse was done using the pelvic organ prolapse quantification (POP‐Q). All participants were asked to fill in various Dutch validated questionnaires 12 months postoperatively.Main outcome measuresPrimary outcome was disease‐specific quality of life. Secondary outcomes included composite outcome of success and anatomical failure. Furthermore, we examined peri‐operative data, complications and sexual function.ResultsA total of 179 women, 64 women randomised and 115 women, participated in a prospective cohort. Disease‐specific quality of life did not differ after 12 months between the LSC and VSF group in the RCT and the cohort (RCT: P = 0.887; cohort: P = 0.704). The composite outcomes of success for the apical compartment, in the RCT and cohort, were 89.3% and 90.3% in the LSC group and 86.2% and 87.8% in the VSF group, respectively (RCT: P = 0.810; cohort: P = 0.905). There were no differences in number of reinterventions and complications between both groups (reinterventions RCT: P = 0.934; cohort: P = 0.120; complications RCT: P = 0.395; cohort: P = 0.129).ConclusionsLSC and VSF are both effective treatments for vaginal vault prolapse, after a follow‐up period of 12 months.
Population parameters and growth of Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae) under elevated CO2 concentrations in the air
Authors: Ahn Jeong Joon , Choi Kyung San 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe effects of three different CO2 concentrations (400, 600, and 1000 ppm) on the population parameters and growth of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, were examined. Raw life history data from M. persicae were analyzed using an age‐stage, two‐sex life table to take into account the viable development rate among individuals. The population projections of M. persicae indicate the stage structure and variability of the population growth under different CO2 concentrations based on an age‐stage, two‐sex life table analysis. Significantly longer oviposition duration and higher fecundity were observed under elevated CO2 (600 and 1000 ppm) than those under ambient CO2 (400 ppm). Furthermore, the M. persicae population reared under elevated CO2 concentrations showed higher intrinsic and finite rates of population increase than under ambient CO2 concentrations. These results indicate that the population parameters and growth of M. persicae were positively influenced in the fecundity by elevated CO2 concentrations relative to the ambient CO2. These findings indicate that it is basically remained to understand the direct effects of CO2 elevation on the host plants, and the interaction between the host plants and M. persicae in the same CO2 concentration for establishing more realistic population growth model systems for M. persicae in the aerial environment rising CO2 concentration level.
Stress hyperglycemia ratio and long‐term prognosis in patients with acute coronary syndrome: A multicenter, nationwide study
Authors: Zeng Guyu , Song Ying , Zhang Zheng , Xu Jingjing , Liu Zhenyu , Tang Xiaofang , Wang XiaoZeng , Chen Yan , Zhang Yongzhen , Zhu Pei , Guo Xiaogang , Jiang Lin , Wang Zhifang , Liu Ru , Wang Qingsheng , Yao Yi , Feng Yingqing , Han Yaling , Yuan Jinqing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundStress hyperglycemia ratio (SHR), a novel biomarker of stress hyperglycemia, was proved to be a reliable predictor of short‐term adverse outcomes in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). However, its impact on long‐term prognosis remained controversial.MethodsA total of 7662 patients with ACS from a large nationwide prospective cohort between January 2015 and May 2019 were included. SHR was calculated by the following formula: SHR = admission glucose (mmol/L)/(1.59 × HbA1c [%]−2.59). The primary end point was a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) during follow‐up, a composite of all‐cause death, myocardial infarction, and unplanned revascularization. The second end point was the separate components of the primary end points.ResultsDuring a median follow‐up of 2.1 years, 779 MACE events occurred. After multivariable adjustment, ACS patients with the highest SHR tertile were significantly associated with increased long‐term risks of MACE (hazard ratio [HR] 1.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24–1.88), all‐cause death (HR 1.80, 95% CI 1.29–2.51) and unplanned revascularization (HR 1.44, 95% CI 1.09–1.91). Although significant associations between the highest SHR tertile and risks of MACE and all‐cause death were assessed in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients, the patterns of risk were different in these two groups.ConclusionElevated SHR was independently associated with a higher risk of long‐term outcomes irrespective of diabetic status, suggesting that SHR was a potential biomarker for risk stratification after ACS.
The United States: Political Developments and Data in 2022
Authors: KATZ RICHARD S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAmerican political life in 2022 was dominated by three major events. First, the trials of individuals arrested in the aftermath of the 6 January 2021 storming of the Capitol and the televised hearings of the committee of the House of Representatives focusing on the actions and inactions of Donald Trump in trying to overturn the results of the 2020 election and fomenting the insurrection. Second, the Supreme Court's decision overturning Roe v. Wade and ending federal guarantees of reproductive rights. Third, the 2022 congressional election and the failure of the expected Republican wave to materialize.
Healthcare professionals’ perception of their working environment and how to handle mental strain
Authors: Madsen Marlene D. , Cedergreen Pernille , Nielsen Jacob , Østergaard Doris 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHealthcare professionals (HCP) are an important resource, but the shortage of staff and an increased volume of patients with comorbidities might put a pressure on them. We speculated if mental strain was a challenge for HCP working in a department of Anaesthesiology. The purpose of the study was to explore HCP's perception of their psychosocial work environment and how they handle the mental strain in a department of Anaesthesiology in a university hospital. In addition, to identify types of strategies to handle the mental strain. This was an exploratory study based on semi‐structured, individual interview with anaesthesiologists, nurses and nurse assistants employed in the Department of Anaesthesiology. The interviews were conducted online and were recorded in Teams, transcribed, and analysed using systematic text condensation. A total of 21 interviews were conducted with HCP from the different sections of the department. The interviewees described that they had experienced mental strain at work, with the unforeseen situation as the most challenging. High workflow is mentioned as an important contributing factor to mental strain. Most of the interviewees found that their traumatising experiences were met with support. Overall, everyone had someone to talk to either at work or privately, but they still found it difficult to talk about collegial conflicts or own vulnerabilities. Teamwork is described as strong in some sections. All HCP had experienced mental strain. Differences were found in how they perceived the experience of mental strain, their reactions and needs of support as well as their coping strategies.