bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing position sense and isokinetic strength of the muscles of elbow joint between aikidokas and non-athlete people
Authors: Mirsalari Rezvan , Kordi Yoosefinejad Amin , Yazdani Farzaneh , Haghighat Farzaneh , Amiripanah Ali Asghar , Parandavarfard Saeid 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Aikido is a martial art comprises of locking techniques and falls. During the locking techniques, the elbow joint is forced into extended position. Moreover, the elbow hits the ground during the falling techniques. These might compromise joint position sense (JPS). The objectives of this study were to compare JPS and strength of the muscles of elbow joint between Aikidokas and a non-athlete group and to evaluate the correlation between JPS and muscle strength among Aikidokas.

Methods
All male Jiyushinkai style Aikidokas and a healthy matched non-athlete group participated in this cross-sectional study. Passive JPS at a speed of 4°/s and the isokinetic strength of elbow flexors and extensors were assessed.

Results
Evaluating the isokinetic parameters revealed no significantly difference between the groups in either flexion or extension at speeds of 60 (P-value range: 0.2–0.99) and 120 °/s (P-value range: 0.05–0.96). Also, the groups had no significant difference regarding different types of reconstruction error including constant error (P-value range: 0.38–0.91), variable error (P-value range: 0.09–0.87), and total variability (P-value range: 0.30–0.80). Moreover, very weak to weak correlation was observed between isokinetic parameters and passive JPS (r-value range: 0.01–0.39).

Conclusions
JPS was not impaired in Aikidokas in spite of the repetitive stress applied to the elbow joint during the performance of Aikido techniques. The lack of significant difference in isokinetic between Aikidokas and healthy non-athletes, and the absence of an acceptable correlation between IPS and muscle strength in Aikidokas, might be attributed to the soft nature of Aikido.
The cost of implementing measles campaign in Nigeria: comparing the stand-alone and the integrated strategy
Authors: Jean Baptiste Anne Eudes , Van der Schans Jurjen , Bawa Samuel , Masresha Balcha , Wagai John , Oteri Joseph , Dieng Boubacar , Soyemi Margaret , Eshuchi Rufus , Yehualashet Yared G. , Afolabi Oluwole , Braka Fiona , Bita André , Hak Eelko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundEffective integration, one of the seven strategic priorities of the Immunization Agenda 2030, can contribute to increasing vaccination coverage and efficiency. The objective of the study is to measure and compare input costs of “non-selective” measles vaccination campaign as a stand-alone strategy and when integrated with another vaccination campaign.MethodsWe conducted a cost-minimization study using a matched design and data from five states of Nigeria. We carried-out our analysis in 3 states that integrated measles vaccination with Meningitis A and the 2 states that implemented a stand-alone measles campaign. The operational costs (e.g., costs of personnel, training, supervision etc.) were extracted from the budgeted costs, the financial and technical reports. We further used the results of the coverage surveys to demonstrate that the strategies have similar health outputs.ResultsThe analysis of the impact on campaign budget (currency year: 2019) estimated that savings were up to 420,000 United States Dollar (USD) with the integrated strategies; Over 200 USD per 1,000 children in the target population for measles vaccination (0.2 USD per children) was saved in the studied states. The savings on the coverage survey components were accrued by lower costs in the integration of trainings, and through reduced field work and quality assurance measures costs.ConclusionsIntegration translated to greater value in improving access and efficiency, as through sharing of costs, more life-saving interventions are made accessible to the communities. Important considerations for integration are resource needs, micro-planning adjustments, and health systems delivery platforms.
Effect of long-term application of bioorganic fertilizer on the soil property and bacteria in rice paddy
Authors: Li Zu-ren , Luo Si-quan , Peng Ya-jun , Jin Chen-zhong , Liu Du-cai 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe application of novel bioorganic fertilizer (BIO) has been established as a weed biocontrol strategy, and reduce herbicides pollution and negatively effects on agricultural ecosystems. However, its long-term influences on soil bacterial communities are unknown. Here, 16 S rRNA sequencing to identify the changes that occur in soil bacterial community and enzyme under BIO treatments after five years in a field experiment. BIO application effectively controlled weeds, however no obvious differences between treatments were observed under BIO-50, BIO-100, BIO-200 and BIO-400 treatment. Anaeromyxobacter and Clostridium_ sensu_ stricto_1 were the two dominant genera among BIO-treated soil samples. The BIO-800 treatment had a slight influence on the species diversity index, which was more remarkable after five years. The seven significantly-different genera between BIO-800 treatment and untreated soils included C._sensu_stricto_1, Syntrophorhabdus, Candidatus_Koribacter, Rhodanobacter, Bryobacter, Haliangium, Anaeromyxobacter. In addition, BIO application had different effects on soil enzymatic activities and chemical properties. The extractable P and pH saliency correlated with Haliangium and C._Koribacter, and C._sensu_stricto_1 observably correlated with exchangeable K, hydrolytic N and organic matter. Taken together, our data suggest that BIO application effectively controlled weeds and a slight influence on soil bacterial communities and enzymes. These findings expand our knowledge of the application of BIO as widely used as a sustainable weed control in rice paddy.
Non-native plant species richness and influence of greenhouses and human populations in the conterminous United States
Authors: Hanberry Brice B. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
One issue in invasive plant ecology is identification of the factors related to the invasion process that increase number of non-native species. When invasion by non-native species increases, so does the probability that some non-native species will become harmful, or classified as invasive species, which disrupt natural ecosystems with attendant economic and social costs. I quantified patterns of how non-native species richness varied with vegetation types and human populations. To evaluate the relative importance of different predictor variables for invasion pathways in the conterminous United States, I modeled non-native plant species richness by county compared to current and historical human populations; greenhouses and nurseries; railroads, pipelines, transmission lines, and oil and gas wells; and land covers of impervious surface, development intensity categories, agriculture, and vegetation types. I also modeled these variables within vegetation types, excluding vegetation variables.

Results
To summarize patterns, non-native plant species richness increased from 72 to 200 with increasing human population density classes. Forests and forest land use mosaics had the greatest mean number of non-native plant species, ranging from 121 to 166, whereas grasslands and grassland mosaics had the least number of non-native plant species, about 70. For modeling variable importance, all combined variables had R2 values of 56% (random forests regressor) and 54% (cubist regressor) for predictions of withheld observations of non-native plant species richness, with greenhouse density and percent forestlands as most influential variables. Single variables of greenhouses (R2 = 29%), historical and current human populations (R2 = 27% and 23%), impervious surface (25%), and medium intensity development (23%) were most associated with non-native plant species richness. For vegetation types, greenhouse and historical human population densities were influential variables particularly in forestlands, shrublands, and wetlands.

Conclusions
Based on these models, human population measures and horticultural locations of greenhouses and plant nurseries may have stronger relationships than measures of land use disturbance and transport with non-native plant species richness.
Association of Patient-Reported Health-Related Quality of Life With Physician-Reported Toxicities in Adolescents and Young Adults Receiving Radiation Therapy for Cancer
Authors: Corrigan Kelsey L. , Reeve Bryce B. , Salsman John M. , Siembida Elizabeth J. , Smith Grace L. , Swartz Maria C. , Lee Kamaria L. , Afridi Faraz , Andring Lauren M. , Bishop Andrew J. , Gunther Jillian R. , Livingston J. Andrew , Peterson Susan K. , Parsons Susan K. , Roth Michael 
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE Radiation therapy (RT) may cause toxicities in adolescents and young adults (AYAs, age 15-39 years) with cancer. However, the range of RT-related toxicities in AYAs and the affect on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has not been well studied. We performed a cross-sectional study in AYAs with cancer who received RT to identify RT-related toxicities and examine their impact on HRQOL. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 178 AYAs received RT and completed PROMIS HRQOL instruments from 2018 to 2022. Acute and late physician-graded Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events RT–related toxicities were extracted and described. Multivariable linear regression was used to evaluate the association of RT-related toxicity with HRQOL scores during and post-RT. Minimally important differences were used to evaluate the clinical relevance of relationships. RESULTS Eighty-four AYAs completed HRQOL surveys during RT and 94 post-RT. In the during-RT cohort, 75 AYAs (89%) had acute RT-related toxicities, a majority of which were grade 1 (n = 49, 65%). AYAs who experienced acute grade 2 or greater toxicities reported worse global mental health ( B = –7.35, P < .01) and worse pain ( B = 5.25, P = .01) than those with acute grade 1 or no toxicities. In the post-RT cohort, the median (IQR) time from RT to survey completion was 24 (14-27) months. Forty-eight AYAs (51%) had late RT-related toxicities, a majority of which were grade 1 (n = 37, 77%). AYAs who experienced late grade 2 or greater toxicities reported worse global mental health ( B = –8.07, P = .01), worse social roles ( B = –9.96, P < .01), and greater sleep disturbance ( B = 10.75, P < .01) than those with late grade 1 or no RT toxicities. CONCLUSION The presence of acute and late grade 2 or greater RT-related toxicities may contribute to worse HRQOL, especially global mental health, in AYAs. Screening and early interventions to mitigate RT-related toxicities are needed to improve AYA HRQOL.
The Multifaceted Roles of Bone Marrow Adipocytes in Bone and Hematopoietic Homeostasis
Authors: Li Ziru , Rosen Clifford J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) makes up a significant portion of the marrow space, ranging from 50% to 70%, in healthy adults. It expands with aging, obesity, anorexia nervosa, and irradiation, which are conditions associated with skeletal complications or hematopoietic disorders. Therefore, BMAT has been viewed as a negative component of the bone marrow niche for decades, although the mechanisms and causative relationships have not been well-addressed. Of note, recent studies have revealed that BMAT is a multifaceted tissue that can serve as an energy reservoir to fuel osteoblasts and hematopoietic cells under stressful situations, and also acts as an endocrine/paracrine organ to suppress bone formation and support hematopoiesis at steady-state conditions. In this review, we summarize the uniqueness of BMAT, the complex findings of previous studies, and update our understanding of the physiological roles of BMAT in bone and hematopoietic metabolism based on a newly established bone marrow adipocyte–specific mouse model.
Efficacy of metoprolol combined with torasemide in elderly patients with degenerative valvular heart disease and heart failure and its influence on NT-proBNP levels
Authors: Ren Kai , Feng Jinping , Yang Xuwen , Ren Bei , Guo Yujun 
Published: June 2023

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of metoprolol combined with torasemide in elderly patients with degenerative valvular heart disease (DVHD) and heart failure and its influence on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) concentrations.
Methods: The records of 129 DVHD patients ≥60 years old with heart failure diagnosed and treated in our hospital from January 2020 to February 2022 were retrospectively selected. According to the treatment records, 62 patients received metoprolol treatment (Control-group), and 67 patients received metoprolol combined with torasemide treatment (Observation-group). The changes in cardiac function, NT-proBNP and inflammatory factor concentrations and clinical efficacy were analyzed and compared between the two groups before and after treatment.
Results: After treatment, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and the mitral ratio of peak early to late diastolic filling velocity (E/A) were lower, with a greater decrease in the Observation-group compared to the Control-group (P<0.05). After treatment, NT-proBNP and interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) concentrations were lower in both groups, with a greater decrease in the Observation-group compared to the Control-group (P<0.05). The total clinical efficacy of the Observation-group was significantly higher than the Control-group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the total incidence of adverse drug reactions between the two groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion: Metoprolol combined with torasemide has a significant therapeutic effect on DVHD patients with heart failure. This drug combination improved cardiac function, reduced NT-proBNP concentrations and has good safety.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7465
How to cite this: Ren K, Feng J, Yang X, Ren B, Guo Y. Efficacy of metoprolol combined with torasemide in elderly patients with degenerative valvular heart disease and heart failure and its influence on NT-proBNP levels. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(4):945-949. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7465
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Survival in general surgery: The female surgeons’ perspective
Authors: Naqvi Syeda Saima Qamar , Adeeb Humera , Sethi Ahsan 
Published: June 2023

Objective: Specialty choices in health profession has long been influenced by gender. The field of General Surgery remains the least preferred specialty by females, especially in Pakistan. The objective of this study was to identify the factors leading to success and retention of females in General Surgery in Pakistan.
Methods: Qualitative case study was conducted from February to May 2020 at Khyber Medical University, Peshawar. Ten semi-structured interviews were conducted with purposive sample of female surgeons at various academic position in different tertiary care hospitals of Pakistan. Data were thematically analyzed.
Results: Participants were driven by their passion for surgery, which led them to choose this specialty in the beginning. Their survival in male dominant workplace was made possible by their own personality traits and conducive environment provided by the supervisors and peers. However, a structured mentorship program for females was found lacking.
Conclusion: The necessary ingredients for success are passion and personality traits in any field but attention to nurturing and supportive environment for females in the General Surgery is paramount in determining success. Due consideration to the factors identified in the current study will enhance the retention and success of females in General Surgery.
doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7528
How to cite this: Naqvi SSQ, Adeeb H, Sethi A. Survival in general surgery: The female surgeons’ perspective. Pak J Med Sci. 2023;39(4):926-930. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.39.4.7528
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
What drives the rural‑urban disparities in maternity‑care services utilisation? Evidence from Ethiopia
Authors: Gebresilassie Yibrah Hagos , Teka Araya Mebrahtu 
Published: June 2023

Background: Ethiopia has a high rate of maternal mortality. One of the most important interventions to reduce maternal death from pregnancy-related problems is the use of antenatal and delivery care services. However, the utilisation of these services continues to be unequal for Ethiopian women living in rural and urban areas. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the factors influencing rural‑urban disparity in the use of antenatal and delivery‑care services. Methods: Data were acquired from the most recent 2019 Ethiopian demographic and health surveys. A total of 7,084 women of reproductive age (15‑49 years) participated in this study. An extended Oaxaca‑Blinder decomposition technique was used to examine the relative contribution of covariates explaining the rural‑urban gap in the factors of antenatal and delivery‑care services utilisation in Ethiopia. Findings: The results revealed large gaps in maternity care services utilisation between rural and urban areas, with lower coverage in rural areas. The rural-urban gap is primarily influenced by women's socioeconomic and educational status, followed by their media exposure, whereas women's employment status and religious beliefs help to minimise the difference. Conclusions: The disproportionate disparities in antenatal and delivery‑care services utilisation were due to the proportional differences among women in maternal educational and economic status. Hence, enhancing women's economic and educational status as well as prioritising intervention for the rural disadvantaged women could significantly minimise the disparities in antenatal and delivery‑care service utilisation.
Case Article—Creating a Brick Empire Through Data Visualization and Analytics
Authors: Drake Matthew J. 
Published: June 2023

This case study provides a comprehensive decision-making scenario that takes students through all three types of analytics—descriptive, predictive, and prescriptive—to provide recommendations to a decision maker. The scenario focuses on an individual investor who is purchasing LEGO sets from retailers with the goal of selling them for a higher price on the aftermarket in a few years once they retire from shelves. Students must create visualizations to generate insights from the data and develop a regression model to identify sets that represent value investment opportunities. In the extension case they must take their estimated values and optimize the decisions of which sets to purchase to meet the decision maker’s investment goals using an integer program. Students also have the opportunity to develop soft skills in problem solving and communicating results and dealing with missing data points in a data set that is larger than standard textbook data sets but is still a manageable size for introductory students. The open-ended instructions make the case appropriate for a wide range of students from the introductory undergraduate level to the advanced graduate level. Supplemental Material: Supplemental materials are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ited.2023.0288ca . The Teaching Note and data files are available at https://www.informs.org/Publications/Subscribe/Access-Restricted-Materials .
Community water fluoridation: legislation and evidence base
Authors: Morris A John , Lowry Ray 
Published: June 2023

With passage of the 2022 Health and Care Act, the legislation governing water fluoridation in England has changed. This article provides an overview of the changes and implications for decision-making in relation to this important public health measure and an overview of the evidence base. CPD/Clinical Relevance: This article will help members of the dental team understand how fluoridation responsibilities are handled in England and the considerations around the evidence base.
The use of cone beam computed tomography in endodontic re-treatment
Authors: Caga Daniel 
Published: June 2023

Radiography plays an integral role in endodontics. However, conventional radiographic techniques have limitations, such as background noise, providing only a two-dimensional representation of the image, superimposition and distortion. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) provides the clinician with a three-dimensional image of the structures involved in the clinical situation. When considering options for endodontic re-treatments, it is vital to identify the cause of the initial failure and here, the use of CBCT images can be beneficial. This is illustrated through an endodontic re-treatment case owing to a palatal canal missed with conventional radiographic techniques. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Cone beam computed tomography can be beneficial in cases of endodontic re-treatment.
5G/6G optical fronthaul modeling: cost and energy consumption assessment
Authors: Fayad Abdulhalim , Cinkler Tibor , Rak Jacek 
Published: June 2023

In fifth generatin (5G) and the future beyond 5G (6G) radio access networks (RANs), the cost of fronthaul deployment is a main challenge for mobile network operators. Depending on different constraints, there are various solutions to deploy an efficient fronthaul. Fiber-optic-based fronthaul offers long-term support with regard to a rapid increase in capacity demands. When fiber connections, either point-to-point (P2P) or point-to-multipoint [i.e., passive optical networks (PONs)], are not available due to economic or geographical constraints, new optical fronthaul solutions such as free space optics (FSO) can be applied. Before deploying any optical fronthaul architecture, mobile operators must assess its impact on the total cost of ownership (TCO) of the network (i.e., capital and operational expenditures). To assist operators in choosing the most cost-effective fronthaul architecture, in this paper, we show how to evaluate the TCO of 5G and beyond RANs while taking various fronthaul architectures (P2P, PON, and hybrid PON-FSO) into consideration. Furthermore, this paper answers the question of how much energy is needed to run a network using each of the considered optical fronthaul architectures. To do so, we propose a holistic framework based on an integer linear program that minimizes the TCO of the network. Furthermore, we propose a heuristic algorithm to solve large-sized problems. We run simulations to compare different fronthaul architectures for two deployment areas: dense and sparse.