bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fake Publications in Biomedical Science: Red-flagging Method Indicates Mass Production
Authors: Sabel Bernhard A. , Knaack Emely , Gigerenzer Gerd , Bilc Mirela 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTBackgroundIntegrity of academic publishing is increasingly undermined by fake science publications massively produced by commercial “editing services” (so-called “paper mills”). They use AI-supported, automated production techniques at scale and sell fake publications to students, scientists, and physicians under pressure to advance their careers. Because the scale of fake publications in biomedicine is unknown, we developed a simple method to red-flag them and estimate their number.MethodsTo identify indicators able to red-flag fake publications (RFPs), we sent questionnaires to authors. Based on author responses, a classification rule was applied initially using the two-indicators “non-institutional email AND no international authors” (“email+NIA”) to sub-samples of 15,120 PubMed®-listed publications regarding publication date, journal, impact factor, country and RFP citations. Using the indicator “hospital affiliation” (“email+hospital”), this classification (tallying) rule was validated by comparing 400 known fakes with 400 matched presumed non-fakes.ResultsTwo initial indicators (“email+NIA”) revealed a rapid rise of RFP from 2010 to 2020. Countries with the highest RFP proportion were Russia, Turkey, China, Egypt, India and China (39%-55%). When using the “email+hospital” tallying-rule, sensitivity of RFP identification was 86%, the false alarm rate 44%, and the estimated RFP rate in 2020 was 11.0%. Adding a RFP-citation indicator (“email+hospital+RFP-citations”) increased the sensitivity to 90% and reduced the false alarm rate to 37%. Given 1.3 million biomedical Scimago-listed publications, the estimated annual RFP number in 2020 is about 150,000.ConclusionsPotential fake publications can be red-flagged using simple-to-use, validated classification rules to earmark them for subsequent scrutiny. RFP rates are increasing, suggesting higher actual fake rates than previously reported. The large scale and proliferation of fake publications in biomedicine can damage trust in science, endanger public health, and impact economic spending and security. Easy-to-apply fake detection methods, as proposed here, or more complex automated methods can enable the retraction of fake publications at scale and help prevent further damage to the permanent scientific record.
EMP3 sustains oncogenic EGFR/CDK2 signaling by restricting receptor degradation in glioblastoma
Authors: Martija Antoni Andreu , Krauß Alexandra , Bächle Natalie , Doth Laura , Christians Arne , Krunic Damir , Schneider Martin , Helm Dominic , Will Rainer , Hartmann Christian , Herold-Mende Christel , von Deimling Andreas , Pusch Stefan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEpithelial membrane protein 3 (EMP3) is an N-glycosylated tetraspanin with a putative trafficking function. It is highly expressed in isocitrate dehydrogenase-wild-type glioblastoma (IDH-wt GBM), and its high expression correlates with poor survival. However, the exact trafficking role of EMP3 and how it promotes oncogenic signaling in GBM remain unclear. Here, we show that EMP3 promotes EGFR/CDK2 signaling by regulating the trafficking and enhancing the stability of EGFR. BioID2-based proximity labeling revealed that EMP3 interacts with endocytic proteins involved in the vesicular transport of EGFR. EMP3 knockout (KO) enhances epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced shuttling of EGFR into RAB7+ late endosomes, thereby promoting EGFR degradation. Increased EGFR degradation is rescued by the RAB7 negative regulator and novel EMP3 interactor TBC1D5. Phosphoproteomic and transcriptomic analyses further showed that EMP3 KO converges into the inhibition of the cyclin-dependent kinase CDK2 and the repression of EGFR-dependent and cell cycle transcriptional programs. Phenotypically, EMP3 KO cells exhibit reduced proliferation rates, blunted mitogenic response to EGF, and increased sensitivity to the pan-kinase inhibitor staurosporine and the EGFR-specific inhibitor osimertinib. Furthermore, EGFR-dependent patient-derived glioblastoma stem cells display increased susceptibility to CDK2 inhibition upon EMP3 knockdown. Lastly, using TCGA data, we showed that GBM tumors with high EMP3 expression have increased total and phosphorylated EGFR levels. Collectively, our findings demonstrate a novel EMP3-dependent mechanism by which EGFR/CDK2 activity is sustained in GBM. Consequently, this stabilizing effect provides an additional layer of tumor cell resistance against targeted kinase inhibition.
Serum iron variation is circadian-regulated and linked to the harmonic circadian oscillations of erythropoiesis and hepaticTfrcexpression in mice
Authors: Bennett Cavan , Pettikiriarachchi Anne , McLean Alistair R.D. , Harding Rebecca , Blewitt Marnie E. , Seillet Cyril , Pasricha Sant-Rayn 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSerum iron has long been thought to exhibit diurnal variation and is subsequently considered an unreliable biomarker of systemic iron status. Circadian regulation (endogenous ∼24-hour periodic oscillation of a biologic function) governs many critical physiologic processes. It is unknown whether serum iron levels are regulated by circadian machinery; likewise, the circadian nature of key players of iron homeostasis is unstudied. Here we show that serum iron, hepatic transferrin receptor (TFR1) gene (Tfrc) expression and erythropoietic activity exhibit circadian rhythms. Daily oscillations of serum iron, hepaticTfrcexpression and erythropoietic activity are maintained in mice housed in constant darkness, where oscillation reflects an endogenous circadian period. Oscillations of serum iron, hepaticTfrcand erythropoietic activity were ablated when circadian machinery was disrupted inBmal1knockout mice. Interestingly, we find that circadian oscillations of erythropoietic activity and hepaticTfrcexpression are maintained in opposing phase, likely allowing for optimised usage and storage of serum iron whilst maintaining adequate serum levels. This study provides the first confirmatory evidence that serum iron is circadian regulated and uncovers liver-specific circadian regulation of TFR1, a major player in cellular iron uptake.
Conformation-specific synthetic antibodies discriminate multiple functional states of the ion channel CorA
Authors: Erramilli Satchal K. , Dominik Pawel K. , Deneka Dawid , Tokarz Piotr , Kim Sangwoo S. , Reddy Bharat G. , Skrobek Blazej M. , Dalmas Olivier , Perozo Eduardo , Kossiakoff Anthony A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCorA, the primary magnesium ion channel in prokaryotes and archaea, is a prototypical homopentameric ion channel that undergoes ion-dependent conformational transitions. CorA adopts five-fold symmetric non-conductive states in the presence of high concentrations of Mg2+, and highly asymmetric flexible states in its complete absence. However, the latter were of insufficient resolution to be thoroughly characterized. In order to gain additional insights into the relationship between asymmetry and channel activation, we exploited phage display selection strategies to generate conformation-specific synthetic antibodies (sABs) against CorA in the absence of Mg2+. Two sABs from these selections, C12 and C18, showed different degrees of Mg2+-sensitivity. Through structural, biochemical, and biophysical characterization, we found the sABs are both conformation-specific but probe different features of the channel under open-like conditions. C18 is highly specific to the Mg2+-depleted state of CorA and through negative-stain electron microscopy (ns-EM), we show sAB binding reflects the asymmetric arrangement of CorA protomers in Mg2+-depleted conditions. We used X-ray crystallography to determine a structure at 2.0 Å resolution of sAB C12 bound to the soluble N-terminal regulatory domain of CorA. The structure shows C12 is a competitive inhibitor of regulatory magnesium binding through its interaction with the divalent cation sensing site. We subsequently exploited this relationship to capture and visualize asymmetric CorA states in different [Mg2+] using ns-EM. We additionally utilized these sABs to provide insights into the energy landscape that governs the ion-dependent conformational transitions of CorA.
Pantailocins: Phage-derived Bacteriocins fromPantoea ananatisandPantoea stewartiisubsp.indologenes
Authors: Stice Shaun P , Jan Hsiao-Hsuan , Chen Hsiao-Chun , Nwosu Linda , Shin Gi Yoon , Weaver Savannah , Coutinho Teresa , Kvitko Brian H , Baltrus David A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPhage-derived bacteriocins are highly specific and effective antimicrobial molecules which have successfully been used as prophylactic treatments to prevent phytopathogen infections. Given the specificity of tailocins, a necessary step for broadening the tailocin catalog and for extending applicability across systems and diseases is the screening of new clades of phytopathogens for production of molecules with tailocin-like killing activity. Here, we describe production by and sensitivity of strains to tailocins produced byPantoea ananatisandPantoea stewartiisubsp.indologenes. Phylogenetic evidence suggests that these tailocins are derived from Myoviridae family phage like many previously described R type syringacins and R type pyocins, but also suggests that cooption from phage occurred independently of previously described tailocins. Since these tailocin encoding loci are present in the same genomic locations across multiple strains of both species and display a level of divergence that is consistent with other shared regions between the genomes and with vertical inheritance of the locus, we refer to them broadly as ‘pantailocins’.
A riboswitch-controlled manganese exporter (Alx) tunes intracellular Mn2+concentration inE. coliat alkaline pH
Authors: Sharma Ravish , Mishanina Tatiana V. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCells use transition metal ions as structural components of biomolecules and cofactors in enzymatic reactions, making transition metals vital cellular components. The buildup of a particular metal ion in certain stress conditions becomes harmful to the organism due to the misincorporation of the excess ion into biomolecules, resulting in perturbed enzymatic activity or metal-catalyzed formation of reactive oxygen species. Organisms optimize metal concentration by regulating the expression of proteins that import and export that metal, often in a metal concentration-dependent manner. One such regulation mechanism is via riboswitches, which are 5’-untranslated regions (UTR) of an mRNA that undergo conformational changes to promote or inhibit the expression of the downstream gene, commonly in response to a ligand. TheyybP-ykoYfamily of bacterial riboswitches shares a conserved aptamer domain that binds manganese (Mn2+). InE. coli, theyybP-ykoYriboswitch precedes and regulates the expression of two genes:mntP, which based on extensive genetic evidence encodes an Mn2+exporter, andalx, which encodes a putative metal ion transporter whose cognate ligand is currently in question. Expression ofalxis upregulated by both elevated intracellular concentrations of Mn2+and alkaline pH. With metal ion measurements and gene expression studies, we demonstrate that the alkalinization of media increases cytoplasmic Mn2+content, which in turn enhancesalxexpression. Alx then exports excess Mn2+to prevent toxic buildup of the metal inside the cell, with the export activity maximal at alkaline pH. Using mutational and complementation experiments, we pinpoint a set of acidic residues in the predicted transmembrane segments of Alx that play a crucial role in its Mn2+export. We propose that Alx-mediated Mn2+export provides a primary protective layer that fine-tunes the cytoplasmic Mn2+levels, especially during alkaline stress.
Cyber security in university libraries and implication for library and information science education in Nigeria
Authors: Igbinovia Magnus Osahon , Ishola Bolanle Clifford 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
Technological expansion and adoption in university libraries have precipitated cybercrimes and the need to equip library personnel with the required knowledge to combat this menace. Consequently, this study aims to examine cyber security in university libraries and its implication for Library and Information Science education.

Design/methodology/approach
The study adopted descriptive research design, while questionnaire and interview were used to elicit data from library personnel and heads of library schools, respectively. A total of 134 responses were elicited through structured questionnaire (administered online due to the closure of universities) while six heads of library schools were interviewed, one from each of the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria.

Findings
The data from the questionnaire which were descriptively analysed revealed that the perceived knowledge of cyber security among the librarians was moderately low. Also, the university libraries were exposed to various cyber threats, with cyber security/guideline been one of the critical measures to combat cybercrime. Also, the result showed that librarians displayed high level of adherence to cyber ethics. However, the disposition of library management towards cyber security issues was revealed to be the main challenge to the deployment of cyber security in university libraries, follow by poor password management. Majority of the librarians possess basic knowledge of cyber security, though with serious interest to learn more about it. They were not taught cyber security in library school and they indicated enthusiasm to learn about it. The result of the interview with heads of library schools showed majority of these schools do not offer cyber security course due to dearth in skilled manpower.

Originality/value
The study presents cybercrime as a menace, if not tackled, would affect the university libraries’ sustainability as information institution, compromising their ability to deliver quality services.
Leveraging on intra- and inter-organizational collaboration in Industry 4.0 adoption for knowledge creation and innovation
Authors: Bettiol Marco , Capestro Mauro , Di Maria Eleonora , Grandinetti Roberto 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to investigate the impact of Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies on knowledge creation for innovation purposes by assessing the relationships among the variety of I4.0 technologies adopted (breadth I4.0), the penetration of these technologies within the firm’s value chain activities (depth I4.0) and the mediating role of both internal (inter-functional (IF)) and external [with knowledge-intensive business services (KIBS)] collaborations in this process.Design/methodology/approachThe study employed a quantitative research design. By administering a survey to entrepreneurs, chief operation officers or managers in charge of the operational and technological processes of Italian manufacturing firms, the authors collected 137 useful questionnaires. To test this study's theoretical framework and hypotheses, the authors ran regression and mediation analyses.FindingsFirst, the results highlight the positive link between breadth I4.0 and depth I4.0. Moreover, the results show the key role played by increased collaboration among the firm’s business functions and by relationships with KIBS in creating knowledge to innovate processes and products when I4.0 technologies are adopted.Research limitations/implicationsThe variety of I4.0 technologies adopted enables a firm to use such technologies in various value chain activities. However, the penetration of I4.0 into the firm’s value chain activities (depth I4.0) does not per se directly imply the production of new knowledge, for which a firm needs internal collaboration among different business functions, in particular with the production area, or collaboration with external partners that favor I4.0 implementation, such as KIBS.Practical implicationsTo achieve innovation goals by creating new knowledge, especially in the manufacturing industries, firms should encourage internal and external collaboration when I4.0 technologies are adopted. Moreover, policy makers should not only consider fiscal incentives for the adoption of such technologies, but also encourage the building of networks between adopting firms and external actors.Originality/valueThe study is one of the first attempt that provides empirical evidence of how I4.0 enables the creation of knowledge to innovate processes and products, highlighting the relevance of collaboration both within the company and with external partners.
Fostering learning outcomes in a non-reading culture at foundational level of education: the role of information technology and pupil engagement
Authors: Naluwooza Ruqqaiya , Ayeni Foluso , Langmia Kebhuma , Mbarika Victor 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThis paper examines the role of Information Technology and pupil engagement in fostering learning outcomes in a non-reading culture context at foundation level of education.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopted a cross-sectional survey design with quantitative approaches. A sample of 412 was drawn from a population of 1,692 Primary Schools. Data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using the SPSS software.Findings Information Communication Technologies (ICTs) usage had positive and significant effects on pupil engagement and pupil learning outcomes. Pupil engagement moderated in the relationship between ICT usage and pupils' learning outcomes.Research limitations/implicationsThe cross-sectional design used in data collection may not monitor learning outcomes of the given samples over a longer period of time. Future studies should consider longitudinal research designs so that the behaviors of the learners can be observed over a long period of time.Practical implicationsDeliberate efforts to advocate for and promote the use of ICTs in primary schools are important if the schools are to foster pupils' engagements and register better learning outcomes.Originality/valueThe study confirms pupil engagement as a moderator in the relationship between ICT usage and learning outcomes at foundational levels of education in a resource poor country with a non-reading culture.
Study on anti-wear and friction-reducing compounding additives in lithium greases
Authors: Shen Yuhai , Wang Yanshuang , Lin Jianghai , Zhang Pu , Gao Xudong , Wang Zijun 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This paper aims to determine a suitable anti-wear and friction-reducing compounding additive for lithium greases (LG) by investigating the effects of three single additives potassium borate (PB), zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate and molybdenum dialkyl dithiophosphate (MoDDP) and two compound additives on the friction, wear and extreme pressure properties of LG.

Design/methodology/approach
The effects of the above five additives on the friction, wear and extreme pressure properties of LG were investigated using an SRV-5 friction tester. An X-ray photoelectron spectrometer was used to analyze the various elements presented on the wear surface as well as the types of compounds.

Findings
The compound additive suitable for grease consists of PB and MoDDP, which have excellent friction reduction, anti-wear and extreme pressure properties. And a boundary protection film consisting of oxide and MoS2 is formed on the friction surface, thus improving the friction reduction and anti-wear performance of the grease.

Originality/value
This study can improve the anti-wear and friction-reduction performance of greases, which is of great importance in the field of industrial lubrication. The results of this paper are expected to be useful to researchers and academics of grease.

Peer review
The peer review history for this article is available at: https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/ILT-11-2022-0350/
Selected issues in the use of RegTech in the Islamic and conventional financial markets
Authors: Kunhibava Sherin , Muneeza Aishath , Mustapha Zakariya , Karim Mohammad Ershadul , Sa’ad Auwal Adam 
Published: May 2023

Purpose
This study aims to explore several challenges in the use of regulatory technologies (RegTech) in Islamic and conventional financial markets and share recommendations in this regard.

Design/methodology/approach
A qualitative research methodology was used to identify the existing challenges. Literature was reviewed and analyzed, and seven experts were interviewed or consulted online and their feedback examined. The judgment of the case B2C2 Ltd v Quoine Pte Ltd. was reviewed.

Findings
This study reveals a lack of relevant regulatory frameworks capable of meeting some of the evolving challenges, lack of awareness among market players and lack of expertise in RegTech. The list of additional challenges includes the issue of legacy technology, the weaknesses of human programmers and the need for a multifaceted solution for compliance requirements.

Research limitations/implications
This study notes the novelty of RegTech in the financial world, especially in the Islamic financial market. Thus, there is a dearth of relevant literature. This study assists relevant conventional and Islamic financial market entities and authorities in determining the potential impact of RegTech on their respective businesses and the financial system.

Practical implications
This study proffers recommendations to assist in addressing the challenges facing its users and paving the way for innovative solutions that will facilitate and enhance the use of RegTech in financial markets. Regulators and other stakeholders of the financial industry will learn from the challenges identified and can review the recommendations for adoption. Apart from that, the decision of B2C2 Ltd v Quoine has practical implications for RegTech users, as the court in B2C2 Ltd v Quoine accessed the “knowledge” of the programmers of deterministic software at the time of the coding.

Originality/value
RegTech can offer cost-effective and efficient means to comply with regulations and ensure the accuracy of the information provided to regulators. This study provides a better understanding of the challenges associated with its use. The recommendations include enactment of a blueprint for a digitally enabled regulatory framework, creating awareness of RegTech via stakeholder roundtable discussions, development of human talent, formulating human governance standards and finding innovative ways to manage risks.