bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Intestinal colonization with Campylobacter jejuni affects broiler gut microbiota composition but is not inhibited by daily intake of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum
Authors: Valečková Eliška , Sun Li , Wang Helen , Dube Faruk , Ivarsson Emma , Kasmaei Kamyar Mogodiniyai , Ellström Patrik , Wall Helena 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionLactobacilli may prevent broilers from colonization with Campylobacter spp. and other gram-negative zoonotic bacteria through lactic acid production and modulation of the intestinal microbiota. This study evaluated the effects of daily intake of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 256 (LP256) on Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) loads in ceca and feces of C. jejuni challenged broilers, together with the changes in the gut microbiota.MethodsTwo experiments were conducted using the broilers Ross 308 (R-308; Experiment 1) for 42 days and Rowan Ranger broilers (RR; Experiment 2) for 63 days. The LP256 strain was administered either via silage inoculated with LP256 or direct supplementation in the drinking water. Concurrently, haylage as a forage similar to silage but without any inoculum was tested. C. jejuni loads in fecal matter and cecal content were determined by plate counts and qPCR, respectively. The cecal microbiota, in response to treatments and the challenge, were assessed by 16S rRNA sequencing.Results and DiscussionCulturing results displayed a significant reduction in C. jejuni colonization (2.01 log) in the silage treatment in comparison to the control at 1 dpi (day post-infection) in Experiment 1. However, no treatment effect on C. jejuni was observed at the end of the experiment. In Experiment 2, no treatment effects on C. jejuni colonization were found to be statistically significant. Colonization load comparison at the peak of infection (3 dpi) to that at the end of the trial (32 dpi) revealed a significant reduction in C. jejuni in all groups, regardless of treatment. Colonization dynamics of C. jejuni in the cecal samples analyzed by qPCR showed no difference between any of the treatments in Experiment 1 or 2. In both experiments, no treatment effects on the cecal microbiota were observed. However, proportional changes in the bacterial composition were observed after the C. jejuni challenge, suggesting that colonization affected the gut microbiota. Overall, the daily intake of LP256 was not effective in reducing C. jejuni colonization in either broiler type at the end of the rearing period and did not cause any significant changes in the birds’ cecal microbiota composition.
Novel application of robot-guided stereotactic technique on biopsy diagnosis of intracranial lesions
Authors: Feng Yan , Yaming Wang , Yongzhi Shan , Penghu Wei , Hong Wang , Xiaotong Fan , Changming Wang , Sichang Chen , Guoguang Zhao 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThis study was performed to examine whether there is a link between the application of three types of robot-guided stereotactic biopsy techniques and the diagnostic rate of intracranial lesion biopsy.MethodsThe study involved 407 patients who underwent robot-guided stereotactic intracranial lesion biopsy at Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 2019 to December 2021. Age, sex, lesion characteristics, lesion distribution, surgical method, and target path depth were assessed for their impact on the biopsy diagnostic rate.ResultsThe patients’ mean age was 42.1 years (range, 6 months–82 years). All patients underwent robot-assisted stereotactic brain biopsy using one of three different systems: a ROSA robotic system (n=35), the CAS-R-2 (n=65), or the REMEBOT domestic robotic system (n=307). No significant difference was found in the diagnostic rate of positive histopathological findings or the mean time of surgery among the three biopsy modalities. The diagnostic rate was 93.86%. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age, sex, and biopsy modality did not affect the diagnostic rate n&gt;0.05), whereas enhancing lesions and smaller-volume lesions (≤l cm3) were significantly correlated with the diagnostic rate (p = 0.01). Lesions located in the suprasellar and pineal regions were significantly associated with the negative diagnostic rate (p&lt;0.05).ConclusionThe presence of enhancing lesions, lesion location, and lesion volume significantly affected the diagnostic rate of brain biopsy. Age, sex, lesion depth, and biopsy modality did not significantly affect the diagnostic rate. All three procedures had high safety and effectiveness.
Safety and efficacy of remote ischemic conditioning in adult moyamoya disease patients undergoing revascularization surgery: a pilot study
Authors: Yang Heng , Hu Zhenzhen , Gao Xinjie , Su Jiabin , Jiang Hanqiang , Yang Shaoxuan , Zhang Qing , Ni Wei , Gu Yuxiang 
Published: July 2023

Background and purposeRevascularization surgery for patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) is very complicated and has a high rate of postoperative complications. This pilot study aimed to prove the safety and efficacy of remote ischemic conditioning (RIC) in adult MMD patients undergoing revascularization surgery.MethodsA total of 44 patients with MMD were enrolled in this single-center, open-label, prospective, parallel randomized study, including 22 patients assigned to the sham group and 22 patients assigned to the RIC group. The primary outcome was the incidence of major neurologic complications during the perioperative period. Secondary outcomes were the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at discharge, at 90 days post-operation, and at 1 year after the operation. The outcome of safety was the incidence of adverse events associated with RIC. Blood samples were obtained to monitor the serum concentrations of cytokines (VEGF, IL-6).ResultsNo subjects experienced adverse events during RIC intervention, and all patients could tolerate the RIC intervention in the perioperative period. The incidence of major neurologic complications was significantly lower in the RIC group compared with the control group (18.2% vs. 54.5%, P = 0.027). The mRS score at discharge in the RIC group was also lower than the control group (0.86 ± 0.99 vs. 1.18 ± 1.22, P = 0.035). In addition, the serum IL-6 level increased significantly at 7 days after bypass surgery in the control group and the serum level of VEGF at 7 days post-operation in the RIC group.ConclusionIn conclusion, our study demonstrated the neuroprotective effect of RIC by reducing perioperative complications and improving cerebral blood flow in adult MMD patients undergoing revascularization surgery. Thus, RIC seems to be a potential treatment method for MMD.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT05860946.
Research landscape and emerging trends of diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction: a bibliometric analysis
Authors: He Siyi , Liang Qingchun , Zhu Jie , Wang Chen , Lin Xiafei , Wu Duozhi , Zhang Wenqi , Lin Guanwen , Wang Zhihua 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundDiabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction (DACD) is a common and serious complication in diabetes and has a high impact on the lives of both individuals and society. Although a number of research has focused on DACD in the past two decades, there is no a study to systematically display the knowledge structure and development of the field. Thus, the present study aimed to show the landscape and identify the emerging trends of DACD research for assisting researchers or clinicians in grasping the knowledge domain faster and easier and focusing on the emerging trends in the field.MethodsWe searched the Web of Science database for all DACD-related studies between 2000 and 2022. Bibliometric analysis was conducted using the VOSviewer, CiteSpace, Histcite, and R bibliometric package, revealing the most prominent research, countries, institutions, authors, journals, co-cited references, and keywords.ResultsA total of 4,378 records were selected for analysis. We found that the volume of literature on DACD has increased over the years. In terms of the number of publications, the USA ranked first. The most productive institutions were the University of Washington and the University of Pittsburgh. Furthermore, Biessels GJ was the most productive author. Journal of Alzheimers Disease, Diabetes Care, and Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience had the most publications in this field. The keywords“dementia,” “alzheimers-disease,” “cognitive impairment” and “diabetes” are the main keywords. The burst keywords in recent years mainly included “signaling pathway” and “cognitive deficit.”ConclusionThis study systematically illustrated advances in DACD over the last 23 years. Current findings suggest that exploring potential mechanisms of DACD and the effect of anti-diabetes drugs on DACD are the hotspots in this field. Future research will also focus on the development of targeted drugs that act on the DACD signaling pathway.
Temporal course of attention bias toward emotional faces in individuals with autistic traits: an eye-movement study
Authors: Meng Chunyan , Li Taolin , Wang Jing 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionSimilar attention patterns have been found in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and autistic traits (ATs). The Intense World Theory and previous studies suggest that individuals with ASD may demonstrate a vigilance-avoidance attention pattern toward emotional faces. However, the attention patterns in individuals with ATs remain unclear. Therefore, this study employs eye-tracking technology to examine the characteristics and temporal course of attention bias toward emotional faces in individuals with ATs.MethodsThe Autism-spectrum Quotient (AQ) was used to evaluate the level of ATs among 2,502 college students. A total of 50 participants were selected from the 2,502 college students: 25 high-AQ group participants were randomly selected from the 10% of individuals with the highest AQ scores. Similarly, 25 low-AQ group participants were randomly selected from the 10% of participants with the lowest AQ scores. All selected participants completed an eye-tracking study while performing a dot-probe task with emotional faces (positive-neutral, negative-neutral, and negative–positive). By analyzing data from different time periods, the attention bias and time course of individuals with ATs toward emotional faces were investigated.ResultsThe results show that compared to the low-AQ group, the high-AQ group detected negative faces faster in the early stages of emotional face processing. As the presentation time of emotional faces increased (at the 2–3 s mark), the fixation scores for negative-neutral faces of the high-AQ group were less than 0.5, which was significantly lower than those of the low-AQ group. Meanwhile, the high-AQ group showed brief attentional avoidance toward positive emotion at 3–4 s in the positive-neutral trials, indicating that the high-AQ group exhibited attention avoidance to both negative and positive faces during the middle and later stages of emotional processing.ConclusionThis study suggests that individuals with ATs display a vigilance-avoidance pattern toward emotional faces. It contributes to a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of attention in persons with ATs and further supports the Intense World Theory.
HDAC-6 inhibition ameliorates the early neuropathology in a mouse model of Krabbe disease
Authors: Braz Sandra O. , Morgado Marlene M. , Pereira Marta I. , Monteiro Ana C. , Golonzhka Olga , Jarpe Matthew , Brites Pedro , Sousa Monica M. , Nogueira-Rodrigues Joana 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionIn Krabbe disease (KD), mutations in β-galactosylceramidase (GALC), a lysosomal enzyme responsible for the catabolism of galactolipids, leads to the accumulation of its substrates galactocerebroside and psychosine. This neurologic condition is characterized by a severe and progressive demyelination together with neuron-autonomous defects and degeneration. Twitcher mice mimic the infantile form of KD, which is the most common form of the human disease. The Twitcher CNS and PNS present demyelination, axonal loss and neuronal defects including decreased levels of acetylated tubulin, decreased microtubule stability and impaired axonal transport.MethodsWe tested whether inhibiting the α-tubulin deacetylase HDAC6 with a specific inhibitor, ACY-738, was able to counteract the early neuropathology and neuronal defects of Twitcher mice.ResultsOur data show that delivery of ACY-738 corrects the low levels of acetylated tubulin in the Twitcher nervous system. Furthermore, it reverts the loss myelinated axons in the sciatic nerve and in the optic nerve when administered from birth to postnatal day 9, suggesting that the drug holds neuroprotective properties. The extended delivery of ACY-738 to Twitcher mice delayed axonal degeneration in the CNS and ameliorated the general presentation of the disease. ACY-738 was effective in rescuing neuronal defects of Twitcher neurons, stabilizing microtubule dynamics and increasing the axonal transport of mitochondria.DiscussionOverall, our results support that ACY-738 has a neuroprotective effect in KD and should be considered as an add-on therapy combined with strategies targeting metabolic correction.
Association between frequency of breakfast consumption and cardiometabolic risk in Peruvian university teachers, 2019–2020
Authors: Saintila Jacksaint , Baquedano-Santana Laura E. , Calizaya-Milla Yaquelin E. , Ramos-Vera Cristian , Barrientos Antonio Serpa , Carranza-Esteban Renzo F. 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundAlthough the relationship between health status and dietary intake has been extensively studied in the general population, there is a lack of research that has specifically examined the association between frequency of breakfast consumption and cardiometabolic risk in university teachers.ObjectiveTo determine the association between the frequency of breakfast consumption and cardiometabolic risk in university teachers.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted in 176 teachers from a private university located in the eastern region of Lima, Peru (Mage: 37.0 years; SD: 0.8, range: 24–59 years). The study was conducted during the period from December 2019 to February 2020. Information was collected on anthropometric and biochemical parameters and frequency of breakfast consumption. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to explore the association between frequency of breakfast with sociodemographic, anthropometric, and biochemical variables.ResultsThe highest prevalence of excess body weight (44.4%) was observed in those who consumed breakfast 0 to 2 days/week, but without statistical differences. Those who reported Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) &lt; 160 mg/dL were 77% less likely to fall into the 3–5 day/week breakfast frequency category than those who reported a regular frequency of breakfast (6 to 7 days/week) (Adjusted OR = 0.23, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.73; p &lt; 0.05). In addition, teachers who reported a breakfast frequency of 3 to 5 days/week were 83% more likely to have a glucose concentration &lt; 110 mg/dL compared to those who consumed breakfast of 6 to 7 days/week (Adjusted OR = 0.17, 95% CI 0.04 to 0.75; p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionSkipping breakfast for an extended period of time can have detrimental effects on cardiometabolic health. Promoting the benefits of breakfast could be a health message of great public health interest.
Quality indicators: completeness, validity and timeliness of cancer registry data contributing to the European Cancer Information System
Authors: Giusti Francesco , Martos Carmen , Negrão Carvalho Raquel , Van Eycken Liesbet , Visser Otto , Bettio Manola 
Published: July 2023

Population-based Cancer Registries (PBCRs) are tasked with collecting high-quality data, important for monitoring cancer burden and its trends, planning and evaluating cancer control activities, clinical and epidemiological research and development of health policies. The main indicators to measure data quality are validity, completeness, comparability and timeliness. The aim of this article is to evaluate the quality of PBCRs data collected in the first ENCR-JRC data call, dated 2015.MethodsAll malignant tumours, except skin non-melanoma, and in situ and uncertain behaviour of bladder were obtained from 130 European general PBCRs for patients older than 19 years. Proportion of cases with death certificate only (DCO%), proportion of cases with unknown primary site (PSU%), proportion of microscopically verified cases (MV%), mortality to incidence (M:I) ratio, proportion of cases with unspecified morphology (UM%) and the median of the difference between the registration date and the incidence date were computed by sex, age group, cancer site, period and PBCR.ResultsA total of 28,776,562 cases from 130 PBCRs, operating in 30 European countries were included in the analysis. The quality of incidence data reported by PBCRs has been improving across the study period. Data quality is worse for the oldest age groups and for cancer sites with poor survival. No differences were found between males and females. High variability in data quality was detected across European PBCRs.Conclusionthe results reported in this paper are to be interpreted as the baseline for monitoring PBCRs data quality indicators in Europe along time.
Prevalence and related factors of epilepsy in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Gong Chao , Liu Annan , Lian Beibei , Wu Xixi , Zeng Pei , Hao Chaoli , Wang Bobo , Jiang Zhimei , Pang Wei , Guo Jin , Zhou Shaobo 
Published: July 2023

ObjectiveTo study the worldwide prevalence and associated factors of epilepsy in children and adolescents with Cerebral Palsy (CP) and to analyze the differences between various subgroups.MethodWe identified all potential studies on the prevalence of epilepsy in children and adolescents with CP from PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. The search time was from the establishment of the database to November 2022. Randomized effects meta-analysis models were used to calculate the prevalence of epilepsy in CP. Subgroup analysis and meta-regression were utilized to further explore heterogeneity between articles and prevalence disparities between subgroups. The funnel plot and Egger's test were used to investigate potential publication bias.ResultsSeventy-two articles, comprising 53,969 children and adolescents with CP, were included in this study. The results indicated a total epilepsy prevalence of 38.0% (95% CI: 34.8%–41.2%) in CP. The prevalence of epilepsy was 46.4% (95% CI: 41.4%–51.5%) in clinical sample-based studies and 31.6% (95% CI: 28.7%–34.5%) in population-based studies. Meta-regression demonstrated that the sample source, neonatal seizure, family history of epilepsy, EEG or cranial imaging abnormalities, intellectual/cognitive impairment, and topographical types of CP were heterogeneous contributors to the epilepsy prevalence in CP.ConclusionApproximately one-third of children and adolescents with CP have epilepsy, and the sample source can significantly impact the total prevalence of epilepsy. Neonatal seizures, family history of epilepsy, EEG abnormalities, cranial imaging abnormalities, severe intellectual disability, and quadriplegia may be contributing factors to epilepsy comorbid in CP. Further study is required to verify the strength of these associations with epilepsy. This study aids in identifying the clinical characteristics of young people with CP at risk of developing epilepsy, which may assist clinicians in the early prevention and diagnosis of epilepsy within this population.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=367766, identifier CRD42022367766.
A journey towards pediatric gastrointestinal endoscopy and its training: a narrative review
Authors: Scarallo Luca , Russo Giusy , Renzo Sara , Lionetti Paolo , Oliva Salvatore 
Published: July 2023

Background and aimsGastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy in pediatric setting has unique features and, therefore, requires an approach that is tailored to pediatric practice. There is still heterogeneity between training programs worldwide in terms of duration, number of procedures and assessment during and at the end of the training process.MethodsWe conducted a narrative review aiming to describe and summarize the existing literature on the various training methods for pediatric GI endoscopy to highlight the significance of specific pediatric endoscopy training.ResultsSimulation-based tools have been implemented in several training programs, providing a safer learning environment for trainees, especially in their earlier stages of training. Assessment of competence is gradually shifting from the sole evaluation of procedural numbers towards the development of more reliable and valid tools that can accurately measure technical competence. Despite such seismic shift, there is still a need for a standardized and comprehensive pediatric-oriented endoscopy curriculum that incorporates acquisition of procedural skills education and is built on the current competency-based model of training. All the above must sink their roots in trainees and to ensure that the endoscopists of tomorrow are capable of delivering high quality of care for children undergoing endoscopy.ConclusionIt is crucial to parallelly focus on the way trainers teach trainees. In this context, the implementation of “train the trainers” courses has improved important quality meters in GI endoscopy. Future research should put the focus on the potential subsequent favorable benefits of these changes on child health.
Long-term sedation with remimazolam besylate versus propofol in critically ill patients during invasive mechanical ventilation: a study protocol for a multicenter randomized non-inferior trial
Authors: Yang Xiaobo , Tang Yun , Du Ruofei , Yu Yuan , Xu Jiqian , Zhang Jiancheng , Liu Hong , Zou Xiaojing , Ren Lehao , Yuan Shiying , Shang You 
Published: July 2023

Background: Remimazolam besylate is a novel ultra-short-acting benzodiazepine that can potentially be a safe and effective sedative in intensive care units. This study aims to assess whether remimazolam besylate is not inferior to propofol in maintaining mild-to-moderate sedation in critically ill patients receiving long-term mechanical ventilation.Methods and analysis: This is a multicenter, randomized, single-blind, propofol-controlled, non-inferiority study. Eligible patients are randomly assigned to receive remimazolam besylate or propofol in a 1:1 ratio to maintain a Richmond Agitation–Sedation Scale score between −3 and 0. When patients are under-sedated, rescue sedation of dexmedetomidine is added. The primary outcome is the percentage of time in the target sedation range. The secondary outcomes are hours free from the invasive ventilator in 7 days, successful extubation in 7 days, and weaning time, the length of intensive care unit stay, the length of hospital stay, and mortality in 28 days. Modified intention-to-treat and safety analysis is performed.Clinical trial registration number:https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05555667.