bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Status of Adiponectin and hs-C-reactive Protein in Metabolic Syndrome in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Sharma Sanat Dash , Acharya Madhusmita , Yadav Manoj Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of abdominal obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension and hyperglycemia, is a common basis for atherosclerotic vascular diseases in industrial countries exposed to overnutrition. Adiponectin is an adipose-derived plasma protein with anti-atherogenic and insulin-sensitizing activities.

Materials and Methods:
There were 46 subjects with MetS and 46 control groups. Mean serum level of adiponectin and high sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP) were lower and higher in subjects with MetS than control groups, respectively.

Results:
The serum adiponectin in the cases 2.43 ± 0.83 μg/ml was lower compared to the controls 7.54 ± 0.94 μg/ml (P value was 0.001), the difference was statistically significant. The serum hs-CRP in the cases 3.8 ± 1.26 μg/ml was lower compared to the controls 1.4 ± 0.74 μg/ml (P value was 0.001), the difference was statistically significant.

Conclusion:
The high hs-CRP and low adiponectin have a positive and negative relationship with certain MetS components. High sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was found to have a stronger link to the MetS than adiponectin. It appears that high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) may be a substantial risk factor for MetS. In contrast to prior findings, this study suggests that hs-CRP is more relevant than adiponectin as a diagnostic biomarker for MetS. These variations could be related to changes in lifestyle and food habits among Sambalpur residents with MetS.
Association between Severity of Ultrasonographic Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Cardiometabolic Risk in a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital
Authors: Dash Prafulla Kumar , Mohan Potapragoda Venkat , Mohanty Nihar Ranjan , Jena Sukanta Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a term used to describe a category of liver illnesses that include everything from mild steatosis to cirrhosis. Fatty liver disease is a global problem that affects people all over the world.

Materials and Methods:
We enrolled 115 individuals in this trial after removing those with a history of alcohol consumption. Male and female patients aged 19 and up were included in the study only after the patient gave their informed consent.

Results:
115 individuals (72 [62.6%] males and 43 [37.3%] females) with an average age of 46.6 were evaluated. Patients over the age of 19 who had been identified with fatty liver by ultrasonography and had no history of alcohol intake were included in the study. Males were 46.2 years old on average, whereas females were 43.5 years old. The majority of the patients were in the 45–55 age range (33.9%), followed by 35–45 (26.1%) and 55–65 years old (20.9%).

Conclusion:
Fatty liver was more common in men of 45–55 years of age. The use of ultrasound to grade the severity of NAFLD is linked to anomalies in patients' metabolic profiles. Based on ultrasound, the Federal Reserve System is linked to increased NAFLD severity.
The Variation of Neutrophil Count at Different Phases of the Menstrual Cycle in Periodontally Healthy Females
Authors: Hajare Aishwarya , Shetty Prashanth , Jadhav Varsha , Yadav Seema , Pardeshi Preeti , Patel Sabiha 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
The effect of different levels of sex hormones in the body is to bring out changes in every part of the body. The changes occurring in periodontium under the influence of female sex hormones during menstrual cycle is important from the perspective of periodontal health.

Aim:
The purpose of this study is to compare the neutrophil count at different time points during menstrual cycle in GCF and to compare the neutrophil count with clinical parameters.

Materials and Method:
Fifty five periodontally healthy women with regular menstrual cycle were included in the study. Clinical parameters recorded were Gingival bleeding index (GBI) and the Modified Gingival index (MGI) at each phase of menstrual cycle(Ovulatory phase OP, Menstrual phase MH and Premenstruation phase PMP). Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected at each study phase for analysis ofneutrophil count.

Results:
Both the GBI and the MGI increased remarkably during the menstrual cycle, and were significantly higher during ovulation than in menstruation and premenstruation phase. The level of neutrophils increased during the different phases of menstrual cycle, highest count being observed during the ovulatory phase.

Conclusion:
It was concluded that periodontal health is altered during different phases of menstrual cycle.
Unhealthy food consumption patterns among Indians: A qualitative analysis based on parliamentary questions documented between 2001 and 2021
Authors: Gauthaman Jeevitha 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
From the dawn of the 21st century, there has been an exponential increase in junk food consumption among Indians. The Indian parliament holds periodic question and answer sessions wherein several key issues of the nation are discussed by representatives across the country.

Materials and Methods:
Questions pertaining to junk foods and soft drinks that were documented between January 2001 and July 2021 in both houses of the parliament were included in the study. They were organized using MaxQDA software. Thematic analysis of the questions was done using Braun and Clarke’s phases for thematic analysis.

Results:
A total of 424 questions (0.08%) were asked collectively on junk foods including soft drinks in both the houses of which 160 questions (0.03%) were exclusively on junk food and 264 questions (0.05%) were on soft drinks respectively. Out of a total of 28,240 questions asked on all topics across both houses to the MOHFW, a total of 166 questions (0.6 %) were on junk food and soft drinks. Only 84 unique parliamentarians from 21 states have raised their voices on the present topic of concern.

Conclusion:
A majority of questions were on the adverse effects of junk food and soft drinks. Though there has been consistency in certain states on raising their voices on this topic, around 12 states/union territories failed to represent this issue even once. Further discussions have to be raised under the themes of food poisoning due to junk foods, marketing regulations, stricter media/advertisement regulations and future research objectivess.
Evaluation of the accuracy of digital and conventional implant-level impression techniques for maxillofacial prosthesis
Authors: Baghani Mohammad Taghi , Neshati Ammar , Sadafi Mehdi , Shidfar Shireen 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of digital impression making based on trueness and precision measurements of dental implants placed in maxillofacial lesions to produce Maxillofacial prosthesis substructures.

Methods:
Two intra-oral scanners (Trios 3 and CS 3700) and one Desktop scanner (open technology) were examined in this study. A Model of a patient with a lesion in the ear region was created as a reference. The reference model was scanned by each scanner 10 times. Standard Tessellation Language files were provided from each scanner and were examined in terms of Trueness and Precision aspects.

Results:
In Distance 1, in the one-way analysis of variance test, there was a significant difference between the three scanners. The Trios group has less deviation than the Open Technology group (P = 0.015) compared with the CareStream (CS) group that showed more deviation (P < 0.000). There is a statistically significant difference in distance 2 among scanners. The Trios group showed more deviation as compared with the Open Technology group (P < 0.000). While this deviation is not statistically significant compared with the CS group (P = 0.0907). Open Technology Group compared with the CS group also has less deviation in distance 2, which has been statistically significant (P < 0.000). The preparation of a precise model of maxillofacial lesions is still difficult for some Intraoral scanners.

Conclusion:
There were significant statistical differences in Trueness and Precision among scanners. Used scanners can be applied as an alternative to conventional impression methods.
The effect of conjugated estrogens vaginal cream and a combined vaginal cream of vitamins D and E in the treatment of genitourinary syndrome
Authors: Radnia Nahid , Hosseini Seyedeh Tahereh , Vafaei Seyed Yaser , Pirdehghan Azar , Mehrabadi Narges Lotfalizadeh 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTBackground and Aim:Genitourinary syndrome occurs due to a decrease in ovarian hormones; this can have a significant negative impact on women’s interpersonal relationships and sexual function. The present study aimed at comparing the therapeutic effect of conjugated estrogens vaginal cream and a combined vaginal cream of vitamins D and E in the treatment of genitourinary syndrome in postmenopausal women.Methods:This study was conducted as a double-blind randomized clinical trial (RCT). As many as 64 postmenopausal women suffering from genitourinary syndrome were randomly divided into study and control groups. The study group was treated with a combined vaginal cream of vitamins D and E, and the control group was treated with conjugated estrogens vaginal creams for 12 weeks. The patients were visited at the beginning of being admitted, the fourth week, the 12thweek, and four weeks after the treatment and their information was recorded by checklists and a sexual function questionnaire. The data were finally analyzed by SPSS-25 at a significant level of 0.05.Result:At four visits, libido, orgasm, and frequency of sexual intercourses, as well as vaginal symptoms such as burning, itching, dryness, and dyspareunia were improved in both groups (P<.05). However, there was no difference between the two groups in terms of the frequency of severity of these symptoms during the four visits (P>.05). Investigating the female sexual function index showed that using vitamin D and E vaginal creams, like the use of conjugated estrogens vaginal creams, improves sexual function in women (P<.01).Conclusion:According to the results, it can be concluded that the combined vaginal cream of vitamins D and E is a suitable alternative to vaginal estrogens in relieving the symptoms of genitourinary syndrome in postmenopausal women, especially those who are unable to use hormone therapy or have little compatibility with this therapy.
Platelet indices as an accouterment for monitoring short-term glycemic levels and as an economical alternative to HbA1c
Authors: Reddy Kotha Sugunakar , Bentoor SanjeevKumar N. , Sakthivadivel Varatharajan 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
India is facing a galloping diabetes epidemic with an estimated 62 million patients and is projected to explode beyond 85 million by the year 2030. There is platelet dysfunction with platelet hyper-reactivity in diabetes mellitus.

Aim:
To assess for any correlation between HbA1c levels with various platelet indices like mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and platelet large cell ratio (P-LCR).

Material and Methods:
Applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, diabetes mellitus patients have undergone detailed history, clinical examination, and laboratory investigations. Data is statistically analyzed for levels of HbA1c and their correlation to platelet indices.

Results:
58.7% study population is with HbA1c levels of more than 8%. In patients with normal range HbA1c levels between 4-6%, the MPV, PDW, and P-LCR are found to be 9.9 ± 0.97 fl, 10.84 ± 2.08 fl, and 23.75 ± 7.99%, respectively. In patients with HbA1c levels of 6.1 to 7%, the MPV, PDW, and P-LCR are found to be 10.22 ± 1.04 fl, 11.79 ± 1.8 fl, and 26.36 ± 7.05%, respectively. In patients with HbA1c levels of 7.1 to 8%, the MPV, PDW, and P-LCR values are found to be 10.21 ± 1.06 fl, 12.03 ± 2.52 fl, and 26.65 ± 8.05%, respectively. In patients with poor glycemic control with HbA1c levels more than 8%, the MPV, PDW, and P-LCR are found to be 10.64 ± 1.1 fl, 12.81 ± 2.61 fl, and 30.26 ± 8.24%, respectively.

Conclusion:
In type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, HbA1c is positively correlated with platelet indices.
Trauma care systems in healthcare facilities of an Indian District: Assessment and future directions
Authors: Sukumar Gautham Melur , Ghosh Soumalya , Gururaj Gopalkrishna 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
With a long-term vision to strengthen the evidence-based trauma care programme in the Kolar district, an objective assessment and grading of the trauma care system (TCS) in public and private hospitals was undertaken.

Methods:
This cross-sectional assessment used a specifically developed TCS assessment tool to collect data from all Level 2, 3, and 4 hospitals in the Kolar district using a review of records, observation of facilities, and interviews with stakeholders. Data were collected regarding macro areas, human resources, infrastructure, equipment, and drugs in ER, in an objective manner. TCS was scored and compared against criteria set in WHO essential guidelines for Trauma Care. The functioning of TCS was expressed as ‘percentage of expected standards’ and graded accordingly. Ethical clearance and informed consent were obtained.

Results:
All available and eligible Level 2, 3, and 4 hospitals in the district (39 hospitals) covering the public and private sector were assessed. TCS in Level 2 and 3 hospitals was functioning at 56% and 59% of expected standards, respectively. TCS was better in Level 4 hospitals, at 83% of expected standards. Scores were lower for macro areas and human resources.

Conclusion:
TCS in the district is functioning sub-par to expected standards. There is a need for comprehensive strengthening of TCS in both public and private healthcare facilities, especially in macro areas and human resources. Systematic monitoring and periodical TCS assessments are recommended at district levels throughout the country for improved outcomes in India.
Profile of 10,935 elderly patients attending the geriatrics department of a medical college: A retrospective study from South India
Authors: Neelamana Sandhya K. , Janakiram Chandrasekhar , Vijayakumar Priya , Varma Beena , Gopakumar Divya 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Globally, the elderly population is growing at a rate of 2.6% per year. Understanding the health profile and healthcare needs of the elderly is important. The elderly is the most vulnerable and high-risk groups in terms of health status. Their healthcare-seeking behaviour is crucial in any society. There is a need to generate awareness among the public, politicians, and policymakers regarding multiple issues related to the ageing population in the country.

Objective:
To know the health profile and health-related problems of geriatric patients visiting the department of geriatrics at a medical college.

Methodology:
A five-year retrospective analysis of medical records of patients visiting the department of geriatrics from 4 September 2016 to 4 September 2021 was done using Microsoft Excel software and IBM SPSS Statistics. All records in that duration were reviewed and included.

Results:
Descriptive statistics of medical and dental problems of geriatric patients were recorded. The association of medical and dental problems with gender was assessed.

Conclusion:
A majority of geriatricians are unaware of oral health problems. Medical–dental collaboration is inadequate and should be improved in geriatrics.
Comparative analysis of sex-based variations in mental foramen using cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Senthilkumar Eyakshara , Gopika Manoharan G. V. Murali 
Published: March 2023

Introduction:
The use of morphological features of the mandible is a common approach used by anthropologists and forensic dentists in the determination of sex. Among many anatomical landmarks of the skull, the mental foramen (MF) is a stable landmark on the mandible.

Aim of the Study:
The aim of the study was to analyze the sex-based variations of MF using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective study evaluated 60 CBCT scans, retrieved from the radiological archives of our institution. MF was identified in the sagittal section of both the right and left sides. Parameters such as width of MF (W), the height of MF (H), the distance from superior border of MF to the lower border of the mandible (SMF-LM), the distance from inferior border of MF to the lower border of the mandible (IMF-LM), and the interforaminal distance (IFD) were evaluated and compared between the two groups.

Statistical Analysis:
The data obtained were analyzed using the SPSS 27 version software. Paired t-test was done for intragroup analysis; unpaired t-test was done for intergroup analysis.

Results:
The SMF-LM distance, IMF-LM distance, and the IFD were significantly greater in males compared to females.

Conclusion:
Based on the results of this study, the distance from MF to the lower border of the mandible and the IFD showed clear sexual dimorphism and can be used as an effective tool for sex discrimination.
A retrospective study on variations of uncinate process of ethmoid bone using cone-beam computed tomography
Authors: Koothati Ramesh Kumar , Yendluru Mercy Sravanthi , Dirasantchu Suresh , Muvva Himapavana , Khandare Samadhan , Kallumatta Avinash 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Uncinate process (UP) is a key landmark in the lateral wall of the nose which plays a vital role in the ventilation of paranasal sinuses and is also the first structure to be resected during functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). The variations in this structure can lead to intraoperative and postsurgical complications during the FESS procedure.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the variations of UP of ethmoid bone using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials and Methods:
Retrospective data of 100 cone-beam computed radiographic CBCT images of paranasal sinuses were evaluated using CS 3D version 3.10.12 software for variations in the superior attachment of UP (SAUP) using Landsberg and Friedman and the presence of pneumatization of UP. Out of 100 CBCT images, 56 were of males and 44 were of females.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis.

Results:
In our study, a total of 200 sides in 100 CBCT images were studied and Type I SAUP (51%) was observed as the most common type, followed by Type II (17%), Type IV (11.5%), Type III (10%), Type V (6.5%), and Type VI (4%) is the least common type observed. No statistically significant difference was observed among gender regarding SAUP. Pneumatization of UP was seen in 7% of cases, out of which 4% were in males and 3% were in females.

Conclusion:
Preoperative analysis of UP variations using CBCT can reduce intraoperative and postoperative complications during FESS with less radiation exposure.
Evaluation of Bonwill's triangle parameters using cone-beam computed tomography for gender determination
Authors: Koothati Ramesh Kumar , Khandare Samadhan , Suresh Dirasantchu , Sravanthi Yendluru Mercy , Avinash Kallumata , Himapavana Muvva 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The mandible is considered one of the most reliable bones available for gender discrimination. The mandibular Bonwill's triangle measurements can be used for the identification of gender either on the dry mandible or through three-dimensional imaging like computed tomography (CT) or cone-beam CT (CBCT).

Aim:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the mandibular Bonwill's triangle parameters using CBCT for gender determination.

Materials and Methods:
Morphometric analysis was performed on 80 CBCT images of Indian participants. The mandibular Bonwill's triangle parameters (C-LR, IC-L, IC-R, and semi-perimeter) were measured in the axial sections of CBCT images to predict the gender.

Statistical Analysis:
The Mann–Whitney test was used to compare the mean values between males and females, and the Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare the mean values among different age groups.

Results:
The participants' ages ranged from 20 to 60 years, with an equal number of males (40) and females (40). The mean distance of C-LR was 106.72 mm in males and 102.59 mm in females. The mean distance of IC-L was 105.09 mm in males and 100.10 mm in females, while that of IC-R was 104.02 mm in males and 99.50 mm in females. The mean value of the semi-perimeter of the Bonwill's triangle was 157.93 mm in males and 151.09 mm in females. All these differences in variables between males and females were statistically significant. Using these variables, the overall prediction accuracy of this study was 75%, with 77.5% in males and 72.5% in females.

Conclusion:
The parameters of the mandibular Bonwill's triangle in the Indian population were observed to be larger in males than females. Hence, these parameters can be used for gender identification in forensic and medicolegal practice.
Model-free cluster analysis for multi-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging of the inferior alveolar nerve
Authors: Otsuka Akiko , Terumitsu Makoto , Matsuzawa Hitoshi , Watanabe Masaki , Seo Kenji 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
Multi-b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is useful for the detection of pathological tissues. The signal decay curve of each voxel is generally analyzed using an exponential model; however, the most appropriate curve for an analysis does not necessarily follow a single function. We used model-free analysis to classify data from the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) into clusters according to the pattern of decay curves. This clustering should be able to classify groups of voxels representing different tissue properties in the neurovascular bundle of the IAN.

Materials and Methods:
DWI with eight b-values was acquired from the IANs of 13 normal volunteers. K-means cluster analysis was used to classify the data. Silhouette analysis was performed to define the optimum number of clusters. The suitability of single and double exponential functions was evaluated for each cluster. The fitting and spatial distributions of parameters associated with diffusion and perfusion using the double exponential model were tested.

Results:
The optimum number of clusters was three. The cluster that exhibited the steepest decay curve showed a higher apparent diffusion coefficient than the others, and was affected by the perfusion component. The cluster with the most gradual decay curve showed the best fit to the double exponential function, and contained the highest volume fraction of the slow diffusion component, indicating a different distribution to the other clusters.

Conclusions:
Clustering of DWI was accomplished without model fitting and was presumably based on the diffusivity properties of IAN, which may be influenced by microcirculation and fascicles.