bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Designing supply chain strategies against epidemic outbreaks such as COVID‐19: Review and future research directions
Authors: Govindan Kannan , Sethi Suresh P. , Cheng T. C. E. , Lu Susan Feng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe supply chain is vulnerable to disruptions, which can lead to operational failure. Therefore, it is crucial to investigate and monitor the risks associated with such disruptions. Epidemics, including the profound impact of COVID‐19, exemplify disruptive risks that engender complexities throughout the value chain. COVID‐19 has caused significant disruptions to the global supply chain due to the preexisting fragile supply chains, resulting in the unavailability of essential raw materials, halts in production, and imbalances between supply and demand. It has forced the supply chain community to rethink their risk mitigation strategies. Despite its significance, there are a few studies on the existing options and strategies to mitigate the risks associated with epidemics such as COVID‐19. This special issue explores state‐of‐the‐art knowledge of various risks and their mitigation strategies, presenting optimized models and solutions. This editorial seeks to introduce valuable insights and illuminate promising avenues for future research by reviewing existing studies. The comprehensive understanding derived from this editorial and the accompanying articles of this special issue will benefit both researchers and practitioners, enabling them to navigate the multifaceted landscape of epidemic‐induced disruptive risks in the supply chain and adopt suitable mitigation strategies. Furthermore, this special issue lays a solid foundation for implementing advanced methods for managing and mitigating the disruptive risks that epidemics pose to the supply chain.
Children with developmental dyslexia have equivalent audiovisual speech perception performance but their perceptual weights differ
Authors: Gijbels Liesbeth , Lee Adrian K. C. , Yeatman Jason D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAs reading is inherently a multisensory, audiovisual (AV) process where visual symbols (i.e., letters) are connected to speech sounds, the question has been raised whether individuals with reading difficulties, like children with developmental dyslexia (DD), have broader impairments in multisensory processing. This question has been posed before, yet it remains unanswered due to (a) the complexity and contentious etiology of DD along with (b) lack of consensus on developmentally appropriate AV processing tasks. We created an ecologically valid task for measuring multisensory AV processing by leveraging the natural phenomenon that speech perception improves when listeners are provided visual information from mouth movements (particularly when the auditory signal is degraded). We designed this AV processing task with low cognitive and linguistic demands such that children with and without DD would have equal unimodal (auditory and visual) performance. We then collected data in a group of 135 children (age 6.5–15) with an AV speech perception task to answer the following questions: (1) How do AV speech perception benefits manifest in children, with and without DD? (2) Do children all use the same perceptual weights to create AV speech perception benefits, and (3) what is the role of phonological processing in AV speech perception? We show that children with and without DD have equal AV speech perception benefits on this task, but that children with DD rely less on auditory processing in more difficult listening situations to create these benefits and weigh both incoming information streams differently. Lastly, any reported differences in speech perception in children with DD might be better explained by differences in phonological processing than differences in reading skills.Research Highlights
Children with versus without developmental dyslexia have equal audiovisual speech perception benefits, regardless of their phonological awareness or reading skills.
Children with developmental dyslexia rely less on auditory performance to create audiovisual speech perception benefits.
Individual differences in speech perception in children might be better explained by differences in phonological processing than differences in reading skills.
Heart failure in patients is associated with downregulation of mitochondrial quality control genes
Authors: Svagusa T. , Sikiric S. , Milavic M. , Sepac A. , Seiwerth S. , Milicic D. , Gasparovic H. , Biocina B. , Rudez I. , Sutlic Z. , Manola S. , Varvodic J. , Udovicic M. , Urlic M. , Ivankovic S. , Plestina S. , Paic F. , Kulic A. , Bakovic P. , Sedlic F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundMitochondrial dysfunction is one of key factors causing heart failure. We performed a comprehensive analysis of expression of mitochondrial quality control (MQC) genes in heart failure.MethodsMyocardial samples were obtained from patients with ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy in a terminal stage of heart failure and donors without heart disease. Using quantitative real‐time PCR, we analysed a total of 45 MQC genes belonging to mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion‐fission balance, mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPRmt), translocase of the inner membrane (TIM) and mitophagy. Protein expression was analysed by ELISA and immunohistochemistry.ResultsThe following genes were downregulated in ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy: COX1, NRF1, TFAM, SIRT1, MTOR, MFF, DNM1L, DDIT3, UBL5, HSPA9, HSPE1, YME1L, LONP1, SPG7, HTRA2, OMA1, TIMM23, TIMM17A, TIMM17B, TIMM44, PAM16, TIMM22, TIMM9, TIMM10, PINK1, PARK2, ROTH1, PARL, FUNDC1, BNIP3, BNIP3L, TPCN2, LAMP2, MAP1LC3A and BECN1. Moreover, MT‐ATP8, MFN2, EIF2AK4 and ULK1 were downregulated in heart failure from dilated, but not ischemic cardiomyopathy. VDAC1 and JUN were only genes that exhibited significantly different expression between ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy. Expression of PPARGC1, OPA1, JUN, CEBPB, EIF2A, HSPD1, TIMM50 and TPCN1 was not significantly different between control and any form of heart failure. TOMM20 and COX proteins were downregulated in ICM and DCM.ConclusionsHeart failure in patients with ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy is associated with downregulation of large number of UPRmt, mitophagy, TIM and fusion‐fission balance genes. This indicates multiple defects in MQC and represents one of potential mechanisms underlying mitochondrial dysfunction in patients with heart failure.
Context‐dependent expression of variation in defensive behaviour in the lower termite Zootermopsis nevadensis
Authors: Koyama Yutaro , Yaguchi Hajime , Maekawa Kiyoto , Hojo Masaru K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEusocial animals exhibit a sophisticated division of labour. The self‐organized colony requires coordination of local interactions at the individual level. Termites are a well‐known group exhibiting social organization among castes within a colony, and helper castes have facilitated their ecological and evolutionary success. Termites have soldier castes specialized in defence, but other castes are also known to exhibit defensive behaviour depending on the context. However, it is unclear how variation in the frequencies of defensive behaviour is emerged. Here, we investigate the effects of the presence of nestmates on individual defensive behaviour in the dampwood termite Zootermopsis nevadensis. We experimentally prepared three conditions and observed biting behaviour against the ant Camponotus obscuripes. First, the frequency of biting was significantly higher in soldiers than that in pseudergates (i.e. workers) under isolated conditions. Second, the results showed that the frequencies of biting exhibited by soldiers were much higher than those of pseudergates in the pseudergate–soldier pairs. Finally, we investigated the social conditions in the presence of the same castes, that is, pseudergate–pseudergate and soldier–soldier pairs. The frequencies of biting exhibited by first‐biting individuals were significantly higher than those exhibited by second‐biting individuals in both paired conditions. Our findings demonstrate that defensive behaviour can be frequently observed in first‐biting individuals despite the presence of two individuals of the same caste, suggesting that the variation of defensive behaviour may be increased in the presence of nestmates.
Determination of energy dissipation during cyclic loading and its use to predict fatigue life of metal alloys
Authors: Kassapoglou Christos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAn approach to determine the specific energy dissipated during cyclic loading of metal alloys with load ratios between 0 and 1 is developed. The dissipated energy per cycle is determined by using a limiting procedure to obtain the area enclosed between successive loading and unloading curves and can be used for low‐, medium‐, and high‐cycle fatigue. Comparisons with published data from two aluminum, one titanium, and one steel alloy show that the predictions capture the test results very well. A universal curve relating cycles to failure to two nondimensional parameters is derived. It is shown, in some limiting cases, that the method leads to power law equations with the parameters in these equations determined directly from the complete stress–strain curve of the material with no need to fit experimental data. Furthermore, if certain conditions are satisfied, the method is consistent with the existence of an endurance limit and Miner's rule.
The price impact of analyst revisions and the state of the economy: Evidence around the world
Authors: Su Chen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper examines the price impact of analyst revisions in distinct economic states around the world. We find stronger average 2‐day cumulative abnormal returns in bad times, though this pattern is mainly observed in developed countries. In addition, trading strategies following analyst revisions, with holding periods from 1 to 6 months, are generally more profitable in good times with lower macroeconomic uncertainty, after controlling for market and common risk factors. The profitability, however, disappears or declines substantially after accounting for time‐varying risk premia conditioned on lagged macroeconomic information, indicating a reduced information production role played by analysts in recent decades.
Stimuli‐responsive nanodelivery systems for amplifying immunogenic cell death in cancer immunotherapy
Authors: Xu Wenhao , Liu Wangrui , Yang Jianfeng , Lu Jiahe , Zhang Hailiang , Ye Dingwei 
Published: July 2023

SummaryImmunogenic cell death (ICD) is a special pattern of tumor cell death, enabling to elicit tumor‐specific immune response via the release of damage‐associated molecular patterns and tumor‐associated antigens in the tumor microenvironment. ICD‐induced immunotherapy holds the promise for completely eliminating tumors and long‐term protective antitumor immune response. Increasing ICD inducers have been discovered for boosting antitumor immunity via evoking ICD. Nonetheless, the utilization of ICD inducers remains insufficient owing to serious toxic reactions, low localization efficiency within the tumor microenvironmental niche, etc. For overcoming such limitations, stimuli‐responsive multifunctional nanoparticles or nanocomposites with ICD inducers have been developed for improving immunotherapeutic efficiency via lowering toxicity, which represent a prospective scheme for fostering the utilization of ICD inducers in immunotherapy. This review outlines the advances in near‐infrared (NIR)‐, pH‐, redox‐, pH‐ and redox‐, or NIR‐ and tumor microenvironment‐responsive nanodelivery systems for ICD induction. Furthermore, we discuss their clinical translational potential. The progress of stimuli‐responsive nanoparticles in clinical settings depends upon the development of biologically safer drugs tailored to patient needs. Moreover, an in‐depth comprehending of ICD biomarkers, immunosuppressive microenvironment, and ICD inducers may accelerate the advance in smarter multifunctional nanodelivery systems to further amplify ICD.
Impact of multi‐output and stacking methods on feed efficiency prediction from genotype using machine learning algorithms
Authors: Mora Mónica , González Pablo , Quevedo José Ramón , Montañés Elena , Tusell Llibertat , Bergsma Rob , Piles Miriam 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFeeding represents the largest economic cost in meat production; therefore, selection to improve traits related to feed efficiency is a goal in most livestock breeding programs. Residual feed intake (RFI), that is, the difference between the actual and the expected feed intake based on animal's requirements, has been used as the selection criteria to improve feed efficiency since it was proposed by Kotch in 1963. In growing pigs, it is computed as the residual of the multiple regression model of daily feed intake (DFI), on average daily gain (ADG), backfat thickness (BFT), and metabolic body weight (MW). Recently, prediction using single‐output machine learning algorithms and information from SNPs as predictor variables have been proposed for genomic selection in growing pigs, but like in other species, the prediction quality achieved for RFI has been generally poor. However, it has been suggested that it could be improved through multi‐output or stacking methods. For this purpose, four strategies were implemented to predict RFI. Two of them correspond to the computation of RFI in an indirect way using the predicted values of its components obtained from (i) individual (multiple single‐output strategy) or (ii) simultaneous predictions (multi‐output strategy). The other two correspond to the direct prediction of RFI using (iii) the individual predictions of its components as predictor variables jointly with the genotype (stacking strategy), or (iv) using only the genotypes as predictors of RFI (single‐output strategy). The single‐output strategy was considered the benchmark. This research aimed to test the former three hypotheses using data recorded from 5828 growing pigs and 45,610 SNPs. For all the strategies two different learning methods were fitted: random forest (RF) and support vector regression (SVR). A nested cross‐validation (CV) with an outer 10‐folds CV and an inner threefold CV for hyperparameter tuning was implemented to test all strategies. This scheme was repeated using as predictor variables different subsets with an increasing number (from 200 to 3000) of the most informative SNPs identified with RF. Results showed that the highest prediction performance was achieved with 1000 SNPs, although the stability of feature selection was poor (0.13 points out of 1). For all SNP subsets, the benchmark showed the best prediction performance. Using the RF as a learner and the 1000 most informative SNPs as predictors, the mean (SD) of the 10 values obtained in the test sets were: 0.23 (0.04) for the Spearman correlation, 0.83 (0.04) for the zero–one loss, and 0.33 (0.03) for the rank distance loss. We conclude that the information on predicted components of RFI (DFI, ADG, MW, and BFT) does not contribute to improve the quality of the prediction of this trait in relation to the one obtained with the single‐output strategy.
Drug screening of α‐amylase inhibitors as candidates for treating diabetes
Authors: Alp Meryem , Misturini Alechania , Sastre German , Gálvez‐Llompart Maria 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn the present study, the identification of potential α‐amylase inhibitors is explored as a potential strategy for treating type‐2 diabetes mellitus. A computationally driven approach using molecular docking was employed to search for new α‐amylase inhibitors. The interactions of potential drugs with the enzyme's active site were investigated and compared with the contacts established by acarbose (a reference drug for α‐amylase inhibition) in the crystallographic structure 1B2Y. For this active site characterization, both molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations were performed, and the residues involved in the α‐amylase–acarbose complex were considered to analyse the potential drug's interaction with the enzyme. Two potential α‐amylase inhibitors (AN‐153I105594 and AN‐153I104845) have been selected following this computational strategy. Both compounds established a large number of interactions with key binding site α‐amylase amino acids and obtained a comparable docking score concerning the reference drug (acarbose). Aiming to further analyse candidates' properties, their ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion) parameters, druglikeness, organ toxicity, toxicological endpoints and median lethal dose (LD50) were estimated. Overall estimations are promising for both candidates, and in silico toxicity predictions suggest that a low toxicity should be expected.
Prediction of advanced colorectal neoplasia based on metabolic parameters among symptomatic patients
Authors: Wong Martin C. S. , Leung Eman Yee‐man , Chun Sam C. C. , Wang Harry Hao‐xiang , Huang Junjie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground and AimWorldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and ranks second among the leading causes of cancer death. This study aims to devise and validate a scoring system based on metabolic parameters to predict the risk of advanced colorectal neoplasia (ACN) in a large Chinese population.MethodsThis was a cohort study of 495 584 symptomatic subjects aged 40 years or older who have received colonoscopy in Hong Kong from 1997 to 2017. The algorithm's discriminatory ability was evaluated as the area under the curve (AUC) of the mathematically constructed receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsAge, male gender, inpatient setting, abnormal aspartate transaminase/alanine transaminase, white blood cell, plasma gamma‐glutamyl transferase, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and hemoglobin A1c were significantly associated with ACN. A scoring of < 2.65 was designated as “low risk (LR).” Scores at 2.65 or above had prevalence higher than the overall prevalence and hence were assigned as “high risk (HR).” The prevalence of ACN was 32% and 11%, respectively, for HR and LR groups. The AUC for the risk score in the derivation and validation cohort was 70.12%.ConclusionsThis study has validated a simple, accurate, and easy‐to‐use scoring algorithm, which has a high discriminatory capability to predict ACN in symptomatic patients. Future studies should examine its predictive performance in other population groups.
Hazardous drinking by older adults with chronic conditions during the COVID‐19 pandemic: Evidence from a Chicago‐based cohort
Authors: Phillips Aryn Z. , Carnethon Mercedes R. , Bonham Morgan , Lovett Rebecca M. , Wolf Michael S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundIt is unclear how older adults with chronic conditions, who have greater risk of alcohol‐related adverse outcomes, used alcohol throughout the COVID‐19 pandemic. We assess changes in hazardous drinking prevalence May 2020–December 2021 and factors associated with hazardous drinking.MethodsData are from structured phone interviews of older adults (age 60+) with chronic conditions (e.g., hypertension, diabetes, pulmonary disease, heart disease) in a Chicago‐based longitudinal cohort (Chicago COVID‐19 Comorbidities survey, Waves 3–7, n = 247). We tested differences in the prevalence of hazardous drinking (defined as AUDIT‐C score of 3+ for women and 4+ for men) across waves for the full sample, by demographic group (sex, race, and ethnicity), and by chronic condition burden (<3 conditions, 3+ conditions). Generalized estimating equations investigated associations of hazardous drinking with sociodemographic and pandemic coping‐related factors (stress, loneliness, outside contacts, depression, anxiety).ResultsParticipants were 66.8% female; 27.9% non‐Hispanic Black, 14.2% Hispanic, 4.9% other race. Hazardous drinking was reported by 44.9% of participants in May 2020, but declined to 23.1% by July–August 2020 and continued to slowly decline to 19.4% by September–December 2021. Differences from May 2020 were significant at the 0.05 level. Subgroups followed similar trajectories. Hazardous drinking prevalence was initially higher but declined more among men than women, consistently higher among non‐Hispanic White respondents than among Hispanic and non‐Hispanic Black respondents, and declined more rapidly among adults with 3+ chronic conditions. In adjusted models, race and ethnicity were associated with lower prevalence of hazardous drinking (non‐Hispanic Black: adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR] = 0.50, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.33, 0.74; other race: aPR = 0.26, 95% CI = 0.09, 0.81, compared with non‐Hispanic White). No coping‐related factors were significantly associated with hazardous drinking.ConclusionAmong a cohort of older adults with chronic conditions, almost half engaged in hazardous drinking in early summer of the COVID‐19 pandemic. While prevalence fell, these rates reinforce the need for alcohol screening and intervention in clinical settings among this population.
Correlates of delirium care competency among shift leader nurses in acute medical wards in Japan: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Matsuda Ken‐ichi , Watanuki Shigeaki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimThis study identified the correlates of delirium care competency among shift leader nurses in acute medical wards in Japan.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted from November 2019 to February 2020. We sent request letters to a random sample of 381 general acute care hospitals in Japan. Of these, 68 agreed to participate and distributed 735 self‐administered questionnaires to shift leader nurses working in their acute medical wards. The questionnaire included the Self‐rated Delirium Care Competency Scale for Shift Leader Nurses in Acute Medical Wards (DCSL‐M), developed by the authors. It gathered data on the respondents' demographics and delirium care competency, and investigated a total of 25 variables. We calculated descriptive statistics and examined associations between delirium care competency and the demographics using multiple logistic regression analysis.ResultsOf the total, 301 (40.9%) questionnaires were returned. Delirium care competency was high among shift leader nurses who: (1) had experience as a clinical practice preceptor for nursing students; (2) had experience attending training related to dementia or delirium care; (3) worked at a hospital/ward that charged additional medical fees for dementia care; and (4) had access to consulting psychiatrists to refer patients with delirium.ConclusionsThe results suggest the need for efforts to improve delirium care competency among shift leader nurses who work in hospitals that do not charge additional medical fees for dementia care or that do not have consulting psychiatrists to refer patients with delirium.