bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oral Cancer Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices among Dental and Medical Students in Saudi Arabia
Authors: Al-Qahtani Abdulaziz Saad , Al-Huthaili Atheer Ali , Al-Tamimi Alanud Fuhaid , Al-Ahmadi Ethar Abdullah , Tolah Hamza Waleed , Aeq Mawaddah Sameer , Al-Hussaini Omar Mohammed , Al-Kishi Sarah Abdullah , Jorob Shahad Mohammed 
Published: July 2023

Background: Oral cancer had important public health concern, ranking as the world’s 16thmost common cancer. Despite being highly preventable, oral cancer is associated with multiple risk factors and a high mortality rate and contributes significantly to the global cancer burden. The 5-year survival rate for oral cancer remains low (50%), and it has not improved in recent decades. The prognosis is relatively good when caught in the early stages, but it deteriorates dramatically in the advanced stages.
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate and assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of dental and medical students in Saudi Arabia towards oral cancer.
Methods: A pre-designed questionnaire had been distributed to 1033 dental and medical student in Saudi Arabia, and data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0. The participants’ confidentiality was maintained.
Results: This study included 1033 participants (males = 558 [54.0%] and females = 475[46.0%]). Medical students represented 734 (71.1%) of the participants and dental students represented 299 (28.9%) of the participants. Overall, 686 (66.4%) participants thought they had good aware about oral cancer, and 771 (74.6%) were concerned about its prevention. Both dental and medical students thought that oral cancer is more common in people over the age of 60 years, with no difference between medical and dental students (degrees off reedom [df] = 1, p = 0.793). Regarding risk factors, both smoking tobacco and alcohol consumption were mentioned by 66.1% of the sample, with no difference between medical and dental students (df = 1, p = 1.000). In addition, 29.9% of students identified the buccalmucosa as the most common site of oral cancer, with no difference between medical and dental students (df = 1, p = 0.691). No significant differences in the mean total score (number of correct answers) between dental students and also medical students at each study level except for the fifth-year students. At this level, the mean score was higher in dental students (6.05±1.88) than medical students (5.13±2.01) (p< 0.01).
Conclusions: Medical and dental students had similar knowledge, attitude and practices towards oral cancer. Furthermore, fifth-year dental students from the northern region of Saudi Arabiah ad the highest mean score on the questionnaire.
Reactive Oxygen Species‐Activated CO Versatile Nanomedicine with Innate Gut Immune and Microbiome Remodeling Effects for Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Authors: Zeng Youyun , Fan Mengni , Zhou Qiang , Chen Dongfan , Jin Ting , Mu Zhixiang , Li Lin , Chen Jiale , Qiu Dongchao , Zhang Yanmei , Pan Yihuai , Shen Xinkun , Cai Xiaojun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAbnormal activation of the gut mucosal immune system and a highly dysregulated gut microbiota play essential roles in the progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The clinical treatment of IBD remains highly challenging, with first‐line drugs showing limited efficacy and significant side effects. A reactive oxygen species (ROS)‐activated CO versatile nanomedicine (CMPs) capable of remodeling the gut immune‐microbiota microenvironment via potent anti‐oxidant, anti‐inflammatory, and antimicrobial effects is developed. CORM‐401‐loaded mannose‐modified peptide dendrimer nanogel: CMPs preferentially congregate on the surface of damaged colon mucosa after rectal administration and are subsequently internalized by activated immune cells. CORM‐401 can release numerous CO molecules in response to high ROS levels in cells and at the site of IBD, resulting in multiple therapeutic effects. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that CMPs scavenge ROS, suppress inflammatory responses, eliminate pathogens, and alleviate colitis in mouse models. RNA sequencing reveals that CMPs successfully remodel gut mucosal immune homeostasis by scavenging ROS, inhibiting NF‐κB/p38MAPK, activating PI3K‐Akt, and inhibiting HIF‐1‐induced glycolysis. 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing shows that CMPs can remodel the gut flora composition by restraining detrimental bacteria and augmenting beneficial bacteria. This study develops a promising and versatile nanomedicine for the management of IBD.
Urea‐Modified Ternary Aqueous Electrolyte With Tuned Intermolecular Interactions and Confined Water Activity for High‐Stability and High‐Voltage Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Ziqing , Diao Jiefeng , Burrow James N. , Reimund Kevin K. , Katyal Naman , Henkelman Graeme , Mullins Charles Buddie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) gain attention as promising energy storage devices due to their high safety. However, the narrow electrochemical window and unfavorable side reactions induced by water decomposition restrict their development. Thus, confining water activity to enhance stability and enlarge the electrochemical window is required. Herein, a 2.9 m (mol kgsolvent−1) Zn(ClO4)2−CO(NH2)2−H2O ternary aqueous eutectic electrolyte is prepared with restricted water activity at room temperature. The strong intermolecular interactions between CO(NH2)2 and H2O decrease the free H2O molecules and reduce their activity to suppress the parasitic reactions. Compared to conventional aqueous electrolytes, this urea‐modified electrolyte exhibits similar ionic conductivity (6.83 mS cm−1) and viscosity (29.5 mPa s) but with a significantly expanded electrochemical stability window (2.6 V) than the conventional one (1.7 V). Additionally, the preferential adsorption and reduction of urea molecules on the zinc surface mediate the formation of an organic solid electrolyte interphase, which passivates the anode and facilitates homogeneous zinc deposition. As a result, this ternary aqueous electrolyte enables high‐voltage zinc/vanadium batteries with a capacity of 125 mAh g−1 for 300 cycles at 5 A g−1. This finding demonstrates a low‐cost and practicable approach for realizing stable aqueous zinc‐ion batteries with an enlarged electrochemical stability window.
In Situ Topochemical Transformation of ZnIn2S4 for Efficient Photocatalytic Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5‐Diformylfuran
Authors: Zhu Yanwei , Deng Wenfang , Tan Yueming , Shi Jianqiao , Wu Jingcheng , Lu Wenbo , Jia Jianfeng , Wang Shuangyin , Zou Yuqin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPhotocatalytic selective oxidation of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) coupled H2 production offers a promising approach to producing valuable chemicals. Herein, an efficient in situ topological transformation tactic is developed for producing porous O‐doped ZnIn2S4 nanosheets for HMF oxidation cooperative with H2 evolution. Aberration‐corrected high‐angle annular dark‐field scanning TEM images show that the hierarchical porous O‐ZIS‐120 possesses abundant atomic scale edge steps and lattice defects, which is beneficial for electron accumulation and molecule adsorption. The optimal catalyst (O‐ZIS‐120) exhibits remarkable performance with 2,5‐diformylfuran (DFF) yields of 1624 µmol h−1 g−1 and the selectivity of >97%, simultaneously with the H2 evolution rate of 1522 µmol h−1 g−1. Mechanistic investigations through theoretical calculations show that O in the O‐ZIS‐120 lattice can reduce the oxidation energy barrier of hydroxyl groups of HMF. In situ attenuated total reflection surface‐enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (ATR‐SEIRAS) results reveal that DFF* (C4H2(CHO)2O*) intermediate has a weak interaction with O‐ZIS‐120 and desorb as the final product. This study elucidates the topotactic structural transitions of 2D materials simultaneously with electronic structure modulation for efficient photocatalytic DFF production.
Carbon Nanorings and Nanobelts: Material Syntheses, Molecular Architectures, and Applications
Authors: Zhang Rong , An Dongyue , Zhu Jiangyu , Lu Xuefeng , Liu Yunqi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCarbon nanorings (CNRs) and carbon nanobelts (CNBs) of various sizes and innovative molecular architectures have ushered improvement in research in recent years. This serves as a prerequisite for further advances and applications, such as organic semiconductors and bottom‐up synthesis of single‐walled carbon nanotubes. Nevertheless, challenges such as high strain energy, excessive reactivity, end‐product stability, low‐scale yields, and side reactions inhibit material synthesis and applications. In this review, CNRs, CNBs, and other heteroatom‐doped molecular belts are discussed based on their molecular structural characteristics, with a special focus on their developments in the past two years. Furthermore, current applications, research obstacles, and future developments related to CNRs and CNBs are discussed. For the first time, studies and advancements in organic field‐effect transistors (OFETs) have been summarized in detail.
Fluorinated Pentafulvalene‐Fused Hole‐Transporting Material Enhances the Performance of Perovskite Solar Cells with Efficiency Exceeding 23%
Authors: Lee Kun‐Mu , Huang Yao‐Shen , Chiu Wei‐Hao , Huang Ying‐Kai , Chen Gao , Adugna Gizachew Belay , Li Sie‐Rong , Lin Fang‐Ju , Lu Shih‐I. , Hsieh Hsiao‐Chi , Liau Kang‐Ling , Huang Chun‐Cheng , Tai Yian , Tao Yu‐Tai , Lin Yan‐Duo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOrganic small molecular materials with coplanar π‐conjugated system as HTMs in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted considerable attention due to their high charge transport capability and thermal stability. Herein, three novel pentafulvalene‐fused derivatives with or without fluorine atoms incorporated (YSH‐oF and YSH‐mF and YSH‐H, respectively) are designed, synthesized, and applied as hole‐transporting materials (HTMs) in PSCs fabrication. The fluorinated HTMs, YSH‐oF and YSH‐mF, exhibited higher hole mobility and better charge extraction at the perovskite/HTM interface than non‐fluorinated one do, presumably due to the closer intermolecular π–π packing interactions. As a result, small‐area (0.09 cm2) PSCs made with YSH‐oF and YSH‐mF achieved an impressive power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.59% and 22.76% respectively, with negligible hysteresis, in contrast with the 20.57% for the YSH‐H‐based devices. Furthermore, for large‐area (1.00 cm2) devices, the PSCs employing YSH‐oF exhibited a PCE of 21.92%. Moreover, excellent long‐term device stability is demonstrated for PSCs with F‐substituted HTMs (YSH‐oF and YSH‐mF), presumably due to the higher hydrophobicity. This study shows the great potential of fluorinated pentafulvalene‐fused materials as low‐cost HTM for efficient and stable PSCs.
Incorporating Anticoagulant and Antiplatelet Dual Functional Groups into Thermosetting Polymer Chain for Enhancing Antithrombogenicity
Authors: Wang Weizhong , Liu Shaowen , Zhang Shan , Zhang Jingjing , Tang Yuyi , Zhang Weijia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn clinical practice, high‐effective antithrombosis remains a challenge for blood‐contacting medical devices. Inspired by the enhanced antithrombogenicity of anticoagulant and antiplatelet combination therapy, a strategy is proposed to synthesize dual‐pathway antithrombotic polymers by incorporating anticoagulant and antiplatelet dual functional groups into a single thermosetting polymer chain. The synthesized polymer shows increased antithrombogenicity in vitro, with prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and decreased platelet adhesion. Additionally, it downregulates the expression of coagulation‐ and inflammation‐related factors in rabbit plasma after ex vivo arteriovenous shunt assay and maintains patency of small vascular grafts for at least 6 months without thrombosis on the luminal surface after in vivo replacement of rabbit carotid artery. This work provides a new approach to producing novel antithrombotic polymers for blood‐contacting medical devices.
CGRP‐Loaded Porous Microspheres Protect BMSCs for Alveolar Bone Regeneration in the Periodontitis Microenvironment
Authors: Luo Jiaxin , Chen Hongyan , Wang Guifang , Lyu Jiaxuan , Liu Yulan , Lin Sihan , Zhou Mingliang , Jiang Xinquan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPeriodontitis is a prevalent dental disease marked by progressive destruction of tooth‐supporting tissues, and the recovery of bone defects after periodontitis remains challenging. Although stem cell‐based therapy is a promising treatment for periodontal tissue regeneration, the function of mesenchymal stem cells is constantly impaired by the inflammatory microenvironment, leading to compromised treatment outcomes. Herein, calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP)‐loaded porous microspheres (PMs) are prepared to protect bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) against inflammatory mediators in periodontitis. The released CGRP can effectively ameliorate the inflammation‐induced dysfunction of BMSCs, which may involve suppressing the ROS (reactive oxygen species)/NLRP3 (NOD‐, LRR‐, and pyrin domain‐containing protein 3)/Caspase‐1 (CASP1) pathway. Moreover, the porous architecture of PMs provides effective cell‐carrying capacity and physical protection for BMSCs during transplantation. In vivo experiments demonstrate that CGRP/BMSC‐loaded PMs can effectively inhibit inflammation and improve osteogenic activity, resulting in better periodontal bone regeneration. This study focuses on the protection of stem cell function in the inflammatory microenvironment, which is important for stem cell‐mediated tissue regeneration and repair under inflammatory conditions.
Biomimetic Adhesive Micropatterned Hydrogel Patches for Drug Release
Authors: Amaral Katia R. , Silva A. Sofia , Santos Lúcia F. , Castanheira Edgar J. , Mendes Maria C. , Costa Dora C.S. , Rodrigues João M. M. , Marto Joana , Mano João F. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe optimized physical adhesion between bees' leg hairs and pollen grains—whereby the latter's diameter aligns with the spacing between the hairs—has previously inspired the development of a biomimetic drug dressing. Combining this optimized process with the improved natural mussels' adhesion in wet environments in a dual biomimetic process, it is herein proposed the fabrication of a natural‐derived micropatterned hydrogel patch of methacrylated laminarin (LAM‐MET), with enriched drug content and improved adhesiveness, suitable for applications like wound healing. Enhanced adhesion is accomplished by modifying LAM‐MET with hydroxypyridinone groups, following the patch microfabrication by soft lithography and UV/vis‐irradiation, resulting in a membrane with micropillars with a high aspect ratio. Following the biomimetics rational, a drug patch is engineered by combining the microfabricated dressing with drug particles milled to fit the spaces between pillars. Controlled drug release is achieved, together with inherent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and enhanced biocompatibility using the bare micropatterned patches. This new class of biomimetic dressings overcomes the challenges of current patches, like poor mechanical properties and biocompatibility, limited adhesiveness and drug dosage, and lack of prolonged antimicrobial activity, opening new insights for the development of high drug‐loaded dressings with improved patient compliance.
Optimum Design Configuration of Thin‐Film Transistors and Quantum‐Dot Light‐Emitting Diodes for Active‐Matrix Displays
Authors: Baek Geun Woo , Seo Seung Gi , Hahm Donghyo , Kim Yeon Jun , Kim Kyunghwan , Lee Taesoo , Kim Jaeyoul , Bae Wan Ki , Jin Sung Hun , Kwak Jeonghun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractActive matrix (AM) quantum‐dot light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) driven by thin‐film transistors (TFTs) have attracted significant attention for use in next‐generation displays. Several challenges remain for the realisation of AM‐QLEDs, such as device design, fabrication process, and integration between QLEDs and TFTs, depending on their device structures and configurations. Herein, efficient and stable AM‐QLEDs are demonstrated using conventional and inverted structured QLEDs (C‐ and I‐QLEDs, respectively) combined with facile type‐convertible (p‐ and n‐type) single‐walled carbon nanotube (SWNT)‐based TFTs. Based on the four possible configurations of the QLED–TFT subpixel, the performance of the SWNT TFT‐driven QLEDs and the fabrication process to determine the ideal configuration are compared, taking advantage of each structure for AM‐QLEDs. The QLEDs and TFTs are also optimized to maximise the performance of the AM‐QLEDs—the inner shell composition of quantum dots and carrier type of TFTs—resulting in a maximum external quantum efficiency and operational lifetime (at an initial luminance of 100 cd m2) of 21.2% and 38 100 000 h for the C‐QLED, and 19.1% and 133100000 h for the I‐QLED, respectively. Finally, a 5×5 AM‐QLED display array controlled using SWNT TFTs is successfully demonstrated. This study is expected to contribute to the development of advanced AM‐QLED displays.
Na4MnCr(PO4)3 with a Dual Conductive Network for Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Yu Sijie , Chen Yuwei , Huang Yangyang , Sun Huabin , Xie Yu , Du Sihao , Luo Wei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNASICON (NAtrium Super Ionic CONductor)‐structured Na4MnCr(PO4)3 has attracted attention as a promising cathode for sodium‐ion batteries due to its high operating voltage and specific capacity contributed by multielectron reactions. Unfortunately, its intrinsic low electronic conductivity significantly hinders the release of specific capacity and rate capability, preventing its practical application. Herein, a carbon layer with dual conductive networks connected by chain‐like Ketjen black (KB) is built on the surface of Na4MnCr(PO4)3 material. This novel Na4MnCr(PO4)3/C@KB composite material exhibits improved rate capability of 61.2 mAh g−1 at 2 C compared to 19.5 mAh g−1 of Na4MnCr(PO4)3/C and high reversible capacity of 88.0 mAh g−1 at 1 C with 73% capacity retention after 100 cycles. The enhanced electrochemical performance can be ascribed to an increase of electronic conductivity enabled by the dual conductive 3D network construction and an adequate infiltration of electrolyte by substantial pores existence in carbon layer. A promising dual conductive network design strategy is demonstrated here for improving the performance of NASICON‐structured cathodes.
DeCOOC Deconvoluted Hi‐C Map Characterizes the Chromatin Architecture of Cells in Physiologically Distinctive Tissues
Authors: Wang Junmei , Lu Lu , Zheng Shiqi , Wang Danyang , Jin Long , Zhang Qing , Li Mingzhou , Zhang Zhihua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDeciphering variations in chromosome conformations based on bulk three‐dimensional (3D) genomic data from heterogenous tissues is a key to understanding cell‐type specific genome architecture and dynamics. Surprisingly, computational deconvolution methods for high‐throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi‐C) data remain very rare in the literature. Here, a deep convolutional neural network (CNN), deconvolve bulk Hi‐C data (deCOOC) that remarkably outperformed all the state‐of‐the‐art tools in the deconvolution task is developed. Interestingly, it is noticed that the chromatin accessibility or the Hi‐C contact frequency alone is insufficient to explain the power of deCOOC, suggesting the existence of a latent embedded layer of information pertaining to the cell type specific 3D genome architecture. By applying deCOOC to in‐house‐generated bulk Hi‐C data from visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues, it is found that the characteristic chromatin features of M2 cells in the two anatomical loci are distinctively bound to different physiological functionalities. Taken together, deCOOC is both a reliable Hi‐C data deconvolution method and a powerful tool for functional extraction of 3D genome architecture.
HSP90β Impedes STUB1‐Induced Ubiquitination of YTHDF2 to Drive Sorafenib Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Liao Yuning , Liu Yuan , Yu Cuifu , Lei Qiucheng , Cheng Ji , Kong Weiyao , Yu Yuanhui , Zhuang Xuefen , Sun Wenshuang , Yin Shusha , Cai Gengxi , Huang Hongbiao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractYTH domain family 2 (YTHDF2) is the first identified N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) reader that regulates the status of mRNA. It has been reported that overexpressed YTHDF2 promotes carcinogenesis; yet, its role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is elusive. Herein, it is demonstrated that YTHDF2 is upregulated and can predict poor outcomes in HCC. Decreased ubiquitination levels of YTHDF2 contribute to the upregulation of YTHDF2. Furthermore, heat shock protein 90 beta (HSP90β) and STIP1 homology and U‐box‐containing protein 1 (STUB1) physically interact with YTHDF2 in the cytoplasm. Mechanically, the large and small middle domain of HSP90β is required for its interaction with STUB1 and YTHDF2. HSP90β inhibits the STUB1‐induced degradation of YTHDF2 to elevate the expression of YTHDF2 and to further boost the proliferation and sorafenib resistance of HCC. Moreover, HSP90β and YTHDF2 are upregulated, while STUB1 is downregulated in HCC tissues. The expression of HSP90β is positively correlated with the YTHDF2 protein level, whereas the expression of STUB1 is negatively correlated with the protein levels of YTHDF2 and HSP90β. These findings deepen the understanding of how YTHDF2 is regulated to drive HCC progression and provide potential targets for treating HCC.
Programming Crystallographic Orientation in Additive‐Manufactured Beta‐Type Titanium Alloy
Authors: Luo Xuan , Song Tao , Gebert Annett , Neufeld Kai , Kaban Ivan , Ma Hongwei , Cai Weisi , Lu Haizhou , Li Dongdong , Li Ning , Li Yuanyuan , Yang Chao 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAdditively manufactured metallic materials typically exhibit preferential <001> or <110> crystallographic orientations along the build direction. Nowadays, the challenge is to program crystallographic orientation along arbitrary 3D direction in additive‐manufactured materials. In this work, it is established a technique of multitrack coupled directional solidification (MTCDS) to program the <001> crystallographic orientation along an arbitrary 3D direction in biomedical beta‐type Ti‐Nb‐Zr‐Ta alloys via laser powder bed fusion (LPBF). MTCDS can be achieved via directional solidification of coupled multi‐track melt pools with a specific temperature gradient direction. This results in continuous epitaxial growth of the β‐Ti phase and consequently sets the <001> crystallographic orientation along an arbitrary 3D direction. This way, relatively low elastic modulus values of approximately 60 ± 1.2 GPa are customized along an arbitrary 3D direction. It is expected that MTCDS can be generalized to a wide range of applications for programming specific crystallographic orientations and, respectively, tailoring desired properties of different metallic materials.