bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
HIV testing and counselling among women in Benin: a cross-sectional analysis of prevalence and predictors from demographic and health survey data
Authors: Adu Collins , Adzigbli Leticia Akua , Cadri Abdul , Yeboah Paa Akonor , Mohammed Aliu , Aboagye Richard Gyan 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveTo examine the uptake of HIV testing and counselling (HTC) and its associated factors among women in Benin.DesignWe performed a cross-sectional analysis of data from the 2017–2018 Benin Demographic and Health Survey. A weighted sample of 5517 women was included in the study. We used percentages to present the results of the uptake of HTC. Multilevel binary logistic regression analysis was used to examine the predictors of HTC uptake. The results were presented using adjusted odds ratios (aORs), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).SettingBenin.ParticipantsWomen aged 15–49.Outcome measureUptake of HTC.ResultsThe overall uptake of HTC among women in Benin was found to be 46.4% (44.4%–48.4%). The odds of HTC uptake was higher among women covered by health insurance (aOR 3.04, 95% CI 1.44 to 6.43) and those with comprehensive HIV knowledge (aOR 1.77, 95% CI 1.43 to 2.21). The odds of HTC uptake increased with increasing level of education, with the highest odds among those in the secondary or higher level (aOR 2.06, 95% CI 1.64 to 2.61). Also, the age of the women, mass media exposure, region of residence, high community literacy level, and high community socioeconomic status were associated with higher odds of HTC uptake. Women residing in rural areas were less likely to use HTC. Religious affiliation, number of sexual partners, and place of residence were associated with lower odds of HTC uptake.ConclusionOur study has shown that the uptake of HTC among women in Benin is relatively low. There is a need to enhance efforts to empower women, as well as reduce health inequities as they all have a substantial impact on HTC uptake among women in Benin, taking into consideration the factors identified in this study.
Detection of pathogenic variants in breast cancer susceptibility genes in bilateral breast cancer
Authors: Evans D Gareth , Burghel George J , Schlecht Helene , Harkness Elaine F , Gandhi Ashu , Howell Sacha J , Howell Anthony , Forde Claire , Lalloo Fiona , Newman William G , Smith Miriam Jane , Woodward Emma Roisin 
Published: April 2023

PurposeTo investigate the frequency of germline pathogenic variants (PVs) in women with bilateral breast cancer.MethodsWe undertookBRCA1/2andCHEK2c.1100delC molecular analysis in 764 samples and a multigene panel in 156. Detection rates were assessed by age at first primary, Manchester Score, and breast pathology. Oestrogen receptor (ER) status of the contralateral versus first breast cancer was compared on 1081 patients with breast cancer withBRCA1/BRCA2PVs.Results764 women with bilateral breast cancer have undergone testing ofBRCA1/2andCHEK2; 407 were also tested forPALB2and 177 forATM. Detection rates wereBRCA111.6%,BRCA214.0%,CHEK22.4%,PALB21.0%,ATM1.1% and, for a subset of mainly very early onset tumours,TP534.6% (9 of 195). The highest PV detection rates were for triple negative cancers forBRCA1(26.4%), grade 3 ER+HER2 forBRCA2(27.9%) and HER2+ forCHEK2(8.9%). ER status of the first primary inBRCA1andBRCA2PV heterozygotes was strongly predictive of the ER status of the second contralateral tumour since ~90% of second tumours were ER− inBRCA1heterozygotes, and 50% were ER− inBRCA2heterozygotes if the first was ER−.ConclusionWe have shown a high rate of detection ofBRCA1andBRCA2PVs in triple negative and grade 3 ER+HER2− first primary diagnoses, respectively. High rates of HER2+ were associated withCHEK2PVs, and women ≤30 years were associated withTP53PVs. First primary ER status inBRCA1/2strongly predicts the second tumour will be the same ER status even if unusual for PVs in that gene.
External validation and updating of prediction models of bleeding risk in patients with cancer receiving anticoagulants
Authors: Trinks-Roerdink EM , Geersing GJ , Hemels MEW , van Gelder IC , Klok FA , van Smeden M , Rutten FH , van Doorn S 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivePatients with cancer are at increased bleeding risk, and anticoagulants increase this risk even more. Yet, validated bleeding risk models for prediction of bleeding risk in patients with cancer are lacking. The aim of this study is to predict bleeding risk in anticoagulated patients with cancer.MethodsWe performed a study using the routine healthcare database of the Julius General Practitioners’ Network. Five bleeding risk models were selected for external validation. Patients with a new cancer episode during anticoagulant treatment or those initiating anticoagulation during active cancer were included. The outcome was the composite of major bleeding and clinically relevant non-major (CRNM) bleeding. Next, we internally validated an updated bleeding risk model accounting for the competing risk of death.ResultsThe validation cohort consisted of 1304 patients with cancer, mean age 74.0±10.9 years, 52.2% males. In total 215 (16.5%) patients developed a first major or CRNM bleeding during a mean follow-up of 1.5 years (incidence rate; 11.0 per 100 person-years (95% CI 9.6 to 12.5)). The c-statistics of all selected bleeding risk models were low, around 0.56. Internal validation of an updated model accounting for death as competing risk showed a slightly improved c-statistic of 0.61 (95% CI 0.54 to 0.70). On updating, only age and a history of bleeding appeared to contribute to the prediction of bleeding risk.ConclusionsExisting bleeding risk models cannot accurately differentiate bleeding risk between patients. Future studies may use our updated model as a starting point for further development of bleeding risk models in patients with cancer.
Legalised active assistance in dying: palliative care stakeholders’ national e-consultation
Authors: Economos Guillaume , Moulin Pierre , Perceau-Chambard Élise , Xavier Mattelaer , Marion Broucke , Cécile Barbaret , Van Lander Axelle , Mathilde Ledoux , Vincent Morel , Sahut-dizarn Marine , Claire Fourcade 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivesThere is a growing debate surrounding the legalisation of medical assistance in dying (MAID). MAID is currently prohibited by the French law; however, the debate has recently been reinvigorated in France. This study aims to collect opinions of palliative care stakeholders (PCS) regarding the legalisation of MAID and to identify the factors associated with their opinions.MethodsWe performed a transversal survey between 26 June 2021 and 25 July 2021, on PCS who were on the French national scientific society for palliative care. Participants were invited by email.Results1439 PCS took part and expressed an opinion about the legalisation of MAID. 1053 (69.7%) were against the legalisation of MAID. When forced to choose which option should be privileged if the law had to change, 3.7% favoured euthanasia, 10.1% favoured assisted suicide with provision of lethal drug by a professional, 27.5% favoured assisted suicide with prescription of a lethal drug and 29.5% favoured assisted suicide with provision of a lethal drug by an association. The opinion regarding legalisation of MAID was statistically different depending on the participant profession (p<0.001) and when comparing clinical and non-clinical positions (p<0.001). A quarter of participants (26.7%) believe that legalising MAID might lead them to change their current position.ConclusionsOverall, French palliative care professionals are against a modification of the current legal framework for legalising MAID but some might change their current position if a law was voted. This might destabilise the PCS demography that is already worrying.
Influence of time from admission to norepinephrine administration and volume of fluids received on outcomes of patients meeting sepsis-3 criteria: a retrospective study using the MIMIC-IV database
Authors: Firzli Tarek R , Miah Faria Z , Horton Cody , Akhtar Hassan , Riddle Mark , Siddiqui Faisal 
Published: April 2023

ObjectivesVasopressors are a cornerstone in the management of sepsis, marked by distributive shock often unresponsive to fluid resuscitation. Prior research and clinician surveys have suggested that earlier usage of vasopressors corresponds to improved outcomes.MethodsA retrospective cohort was constructed using patient data contained within the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV database. Analytic cohort included a total of 2079 patients meeting sepsis-3 criteria with a ≥2-point rise in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score and administered norepinephrine (NE) as first-line vasopressor within 24 hours of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Patients receiving other vasopressors or missing documented fluid resuscitation information were excluded. Primary end points included mortality, use of invasive mechanical ventilation and length of stay which were analyzed in a multivariate logistic regression model for the primary effect of time from ICU admission to NE administration using covariates.ResultsTime to NE use was defined as either early, using <6 hours from time of ICU admission or late using >6 hours to ≤24 hours. Patients who received early NE had significantly lower adjusted odds of mortality (0.75, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.97, p=0.026), higher adjusted odds of invasive mechanical ventilation (1.48, 95% CI 1.01 to 2.16, p=0.045), no significant difference in hospital length of stay (difference in days 0.6 (95% CI −3.24 to 2.04)) and lower ICU length of stay (difference in days −0.9 (95% CI −1.74 to –0.01)), as compared with the late NE group.ConclusionAmong patients admitted to the ICU for sepsis, early use of NE was associated with significantly lower odds of mortality but higher odds of mechanical ventilation, and no significant difference in length of hospital stay but less time in the ICU. Furthermore, the volume of fluids received prior to NE use may have a significant impact on optimal NE timing.Level of evidenceLevel IV—therapeutic care/management.
Redcliff hard red spring wheat
Authors: Iqbal M. , Spaner D. , Ciechanowska I. , Strenzke K. , Beres B. 
Published: April 2023

Redcliff hard red spring wheat was developed at the University of Alberta using a modified bulk breeding method. In 3 years of evaluation in the Parkland Cooperative test from 2018 to 2020, Redcliff produced 7.3% more grain and matured 1.9 days earlier than the highest yielding check Carberry. Redcliff had 3.9 cm taller plants than Carberry but shorter than the other checks and displayed good lodging tolerance. The test weight of Redcliff was slightly higher than Carberry and Parata but lower than Glenn. The grain weight of Redcliff was higher than Parata and similar to the other checks. Grain protein content was within the range of the checks. Redcliff was rated “resistant” to the prevalent races of stem rust, “resistant” to “moderately resistant” to Fusarium head blight, “intermediate” to leaf and stripe rusts, whereas “moderately susceptible” to common bunt. Three years of end-use quality evaluation have indicated that Redcliff is acceptable for the Canada Western Red Spring wheat market class, with improvements in flour yield.
Improving fission-product decay data for reactor applications: part I—decay heat
Authors: Nichols A. L. , Dimitriou P. , Algora A. , Fallot M. , Giot L. , Kondev F. G. , Yoshida T. , Karny M. , Mukherjee G. , Rasco B. C. , Rykaczewski K. P. , Sonzogni A. A. , Tain J. L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEffort has been expended to assess the relative merits of undertaking further decay-data measurements of the main fission-product contributors to the decay heat of neutron-irradiated fissionable fuel and related actinides by means of Total Absorption Gamma-ray Spectroscopy (TAGS - sometimes abbreviated to TAS) and Discrete Gamma-ray Spectroscopy (DGS). This review has been carried out following similar work performed under the auspices of OECD/WPEC-Subgroup 25 (2005–2007) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (2009, 2014), and various highly relevant TAGS measurements completed as a consequence of such assessments. We present our recommendations for new decay-data evaluations, along with possible requirements for total absorption and discrete high-resolution gamma-ray spectroscopy studies that cover approximately 120 fission products and various isomeric states.
Quantum Time–Space Tradeoff for Finding Multiple Collision Pairs
Authors: Hamoudi Yassine , Magniez Frédéric 
Published: April 2023

We study the problem of finding
K
collision pairs in a random function
f : [N] → [N]
by using a quantum computer. We prove that the number of queries to the function in the quantum random oracle model must increase significantly when the size of the available memory is limited. Namely, we demonstrate that any algorithm using
S
qubits of memory must perform a number
T
of queries that satisfies the tradeoff

T
3
S ≥ Ω (K
3
N)

. Classically, the same question has only been settled recently by Dinur [
22
], who showed that the Parallel Collision Search algorithm of van Oorschot and Wiener [
36
] achieves the optimal time–space tradeoff of

T
2
S = Θ (K
2
N)

. Our result limits the extent to which quantum computing may decrease this tradeoff. Our method is based on a novel application of Zhandry’s recording query technique [
42
] for proving lower bounds in the exponentially small success probability regime. As a second application, we give a simpler proof of the time–space tradeoff

T
2
S ≥ Ω (N
3
)

for sorting
N
numbers on a quantum computer, which was first obtained by Klauck, Špalek, and de Wolf [
30
].
Economic ZnCo2O4 Nanoflakes Chemiresistor Assisted Room-Temperature Monitoring of Low Trace Airborne Ammonia
Authors: Singh Aastha , Singh Ajeet , Verma Arpit , Yadav Bal Chandra , Chaudhary Vishal 
Published: April 2023

Even if there is a market for specifically designed ammonia sensors, room temperature and long-term stable detection of low trace airborne ammonia represent a serious challenge that calls for immediate alternatives. This communication reports single-step hydrothermally engineered ZnCo2O4 nanoflakes for developing energy-efficient and economic ammonia-detecting chemiresistor. The formation of ZnCo2O4 nanoflakes was revealed through scanning electron microscopy. The X-ray diffraction outcomes reveal the crystal structure of ZnCo2O4 to be of cubic phase and Fd-3m space group. Optical absorbance analysis exhibits the optical band gap of the ZnCo2O4 nanoflakes to be 2.71 eV. Further, a chemiresistor was fabricated and used as the ambient room temperature ammonia sensor. The sensor exhibits a superior sensing response of around 34.13 for 30 ppm of ammonia, whereas at 5 ppm the sensor response of 3.49 with prompt response and recovery times of 1.52 s and 2.12 s respectively. The fabricated chemiresistor demonstrated excellent sensing performance in terms of 3 essential S’s (Selectivity, stability and sensitivity) and 5 R’s (Recovery, response, range, room temperature operation and repeatability). The enhanced sensing performance in an energy-efficient module is attributed to nanoflakes morphology of engineered ZnCo2O4 with a high surface area and its stable crystal structure.
Rbpj Deficiency Disrupts Vascular Remodeling via Abnormal Apelin and Cdc42 (Cell Division Cycle 42) Activity in Brain Arteriovenous Malformation
Authors: Adhicary Subhodip , Fanelli Kayleigh , Nakisli Sera , Ward Brittney , Pearce Isaac , Nielsen Corinne M. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVM) are characterized by enlarged blood vessels, which direct blood through arteriovenous shunts, bypassing the artery-capillary-vein network and disrupting blood flow. Clinically, bAVM treatments are invasive and not routinely applicable. There is critical need to understand mechanisms of bAVM pathologies and develop pharmacological therapies.

Methods:
We used an in vivo mouse model of Rbpj-mediated bAVM, which develops pathologies in the early postnatal period and an siRNA in vitro system to knockdown RBPJ in human brain microvascular endothelial cells (ECs). To understand molecular events regulated by endothelial Rbpj, we conducted RNA-Seq and chromatin immunoprecipitation-Seq analyses from isolated brain ECs.

Results:

Rbpj-deficient (mutant) brain ECs acquired abnormally rounded shape (with no change to cell area), altered basement membrane dynamics, and increased endothelial cell density along arteriovenous shunts, compared to controls, suggesting impaired remodeling of neonatal brain vasculature. Consistent with impaired endothelial cell dynamics, we found increased Cdc42 (cell division cycle 42) activity in isolated mutant ECs, suggesting that Rbpj regulates small GTPase (guanosine triphosphate hydrolase)-mediated cellular functions in brain ECs. siRNA-treated,
RBPJ
-deficient human brain ECs displayed increased Cdc42 activity, disrupted cell polarity and focal adhesion properties, and impaired migration in vitro. RNA-Seq analysis from isolated brain ECs identified differentially expressed genes in mutants, including
Apelin
, which encodes a ligand for G protein-coupled receptor signaling known to influence small GTPase activity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-Seq analysis revealed chromatin loci occupied by Rbpj in brain ECs that corresponded to G-protein and Apelin signaling molecules. In vivo administration of a competitive peptide antagonist against the Apelin receptor (Aplnr/Apj) attenuated Cdc42 activity and restored endothelial cell morphology and arteriovenous connection diameter in Rbpj-mutant brain vessels.

Conclusions:
Our data suggest that endothelial Rbpj promotes rearrangement of brain ECs during cerebrovascular remodeling, through Apelin/Apj-mediated small GTPase activity, and prevents bAVM. By inhibiting Apelin/Apj signaling in vivo, we demonstrated pharmacological prevention of Rbpj-mediated bAVM.
What (In)coherence Is Not
Authors: Fink Julian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Two or more attitudinal states are incoherent if and only if, necessarily, under conditions of full transparency, you are disposed to give up one of them. This is roughly the account of incoherence that has recently been put forward by Alex Worsnip (2018). In this article it is argued that Worsnip’s account of incoherence is incorrect. Not only does it fail to be fully general (i.e., it does not allow us to assess the coherence of all combinations of attitudes), but it also implies that an agent is necessarily incoherent just in virtue of being in one attitudinal state.
Rudolf Hallers Studien zu ästhetischen Grundlagenfragen
Authors: Cattaruzza Serena 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this essay, the highly original contribution made by Rudolf Haller to aesthetic studies and the philosophy of art is analysed. In particular, the volume Facta und Ficta (1986) is examined, which takes as its starting point the contrast between real and imaginary objects, including works of art. According to Haller, it is problematic to give a definition of a work of art because one can refer to very different creations, from poetic compositions to architectural structures and musical scores. Therefore, in post-Hegelian aesthetics, a dynamic consideration of art is important, which leaves room for empirical multiplicity and artistic variety without aprioristic preclusions.
Achnanthidium lucectorii sp. nov. and A. enigmaticum sp. nov., novel diatoms (Bacillariophyta, Achnanthidiaceae) from Texas, U.S.A.
Authors: MORALES EDUARDO A. , MANOYLOV KALINA M. 
Published: April 2023

Two new species, Achnanthidium lucectorii sp. nov., belonging to the A. minutissimum complex (species with straight terminal raphe ends), and A. enigmaticum sp. nov., within the A. pyrenaicum complex (species with hooked terminal raphe fissures), are described from Texas, U.S.A. utilizing light and scanning electron microscopy. Achnanthidium lucectorii sp. nov. has a raphe valve with striae located toward the apices composed of polygonal areolae, a marked stauros, a non-expanded raphe fissure, with straight (non-dilated) proximal ends, and distal ends extending onto the valve mantle. Internally, its raphe valve is flat, the proximal ends of the raphe end in small capitate expansions, and the distal ends terminate in low helictoglossae that fuse with the apices by a low apical siliceous thickening. In turn, its sternum valve is unique in that it is mostly flat in inner view, except at the central nodule, which is slightly raised. In turn, A. enigmaticum sp. nov. externally has a raphe valve with raphe distal ends shaped like a closed hook, at these ends the raphe slit surfaces at the valve face/mantle junction; its axial area is raised in external and internal views, with the virgae and striae in a lower position. These and other traditionally considered features are compared in detail with taxa morphologically similar to each of the new species. The significance of these features is discussed based on a literature survey, and the implications of considering the valve surface topography and the external and internal details of the raphe and central area are assessed. The latter, in favor of a continued morphological exploration of Achnanthidium until molecular studies are appropriately integrated into current morphological approaches used in the taxonomy of the genus.
Salvia adiyamanensis (Lamiaceae), a new species from South East Anatolia, Turkey
Authors: İLÇİM AHMET , TEL AHMET ZAFER , KOCABAŞ YUSUF ZIYA 
Published: April 2023

In this study, the new species Salvia adiyamanensis İlçim & Tel (Lamiaceae) is described from Adiyaman province, Turkey. The relevant diagnostic characters with respect to the species were presented. In addition, we presented the notes concerned with the ecology, habitat, conservation status, pollen and seed morphology of the species. We furthermore constructed a distribution map for the new species and other related species.
Effects of Saharan Dust Aerosols and West African Precipitation on the Energetics of African Easterly Waves
Authors: Bercos-Hickey Emily , Nathan Terrence R. , Chen Shu-Hua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The effects of Saharan dust aerosols and West African precipitation on the seasonally averaged energetics of African easterly waves (AEWs) are examined using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model coupled to an interactive dust model. Four experiments are conducted: a control for the period July–September 2008, and three other experiments in which the dust emissions and precipitation are reduced separately and in combination. An analysis of the total energy shows the relative importance of the dust and precipitation to the seasonally averaged AEW strength and AEW tracks, which straddle the African easterly jet (AEJ). Changes in the dust amount have a larger effect on the strength of the AEWs than changes in the precipitation amount. The north AEW track is more strongly affected by changes in dust, while the south AEW track is more strongly affected by changes in precipitation. An analysis of the energy conversions aids in identifying the relative importance of the wave–mean flow interaction pathways that connect the dust and precipitation fields to the AEJ–AEW system. The analysis shows that the variability of the AEWs is primarily coupled to the dust- and precipitation-modified variability of the AEJ through wave–mean flow interaction. These results are discussed in light of tropical cyclone development over the eastern Atlantic Ocean.