bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Acceptability of a behavioural intervention to mitigate the psychological impacts of COVID-19 restrictions in older people with long-term conditions: a qualitative study
Authors: Shearsmith Leanne , Coventry Peter A , Sloan Claire , Henry Andrew , Newbronner Liz , Littlewood Elizabeth , Bailey Della , Gascoyne Samantha , Burke Lauren , Ryde Eloise , Woodhouse Rebecca , McMillan Dean , Ekers David , Gilbody Simon , Chew-Graham Carolyn 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesThe COVID-19 pandemic heightened the need to address loneliness, social isolation and associated incidence of depression among older adults. Between June and October 2020, the Behavioural Activation in Social IsoLation (BASIL) pilot study investigated the acceptability and feasibility of a remotely delivered brief psychological intervention (behavioural cctivation) to prevent and reduce loneliness and depression in older people with long-term conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic.DesignAn embedded qualitative study was conducted. Semi-structured interviews generated data that was analysed inductively using thematic analysis and then deductively using the theoretical framework of acceptability (TFA).SettingNHS and third sector organisations in England.ParticipantsSixteen older adults and nine support workers participating in the BASIL pilot study.ResultsAcceptability of the intervention was high across all constructs of the TFA: Older adults and BASIL Support Workers described a positive Affective Attitude towards the intervention linked to altruism, however the activity planning aspect of the intervention was limited due to COVID-19 restrictions. A manageable Burden was involved with delivering and participating in the intervention. For Ethicality, older adults valued social contact and making changes, support workers valued being able to observe those changes. The intervention was understood by older adults and support workers, although less understanding in older adults without low mood (Intervention Coherence). Opportunity Cost was low for support workers and older adults. Behavioural Activation was perceived to be useful in the pandemic and likely to achieve its aims (Perceived Effectiveness), especially if tailored to people with both low mood and long-term conditions. Self-efficacy developed over time and with experience for both support workers and older adults.ConclusionsOverall, BASIL pilot study processes and the intervention were acceptable. Use of the TFA provided valuable insights into how the intervention was experienced and how the acceptability of study processes and the intervention could be enhanced ahead of the larger definitive trial (BASIL+).
Association of sociodemographic characteristics with self-perceived access to COVID-19 information and adherence to preventive measures among migrant origin and general populations in Finland: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Skogberg Natalia , Prinkey Tyler , Lilja Eero , Koponen Päivikki , Castaneda Anu E 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesThis study examines how access to COVID-19 information and adherence to preventive measures varies by sociodemographic characteristics, and whether the associations differ among the migrant origin and the general Finnish population. Additionally, the association of perceived access to information with adherence to preventive measures is examined.DesignCross-sectional, population-based random sample.BackgroundEquity in access to information is crucial for securing individual well-being and successful management of a crisis at population level.SettingPersons who have a residence permit in Finland.ParticipantsMigrant origin population constituted of persons aged 21–66 years born abroad, who took part in the Impact of the Coronavirus on the Wellbeing of the Foreign Born Population (MigCOVID) Survey conducted from October 2020 to February 2021 (n=3611). Participants in the FinHealth 2017 Follow-up Survey conducted within the same time frame, representing the general Finnish population, constituted the reference group (n=3490).Outcome measuresSelf-perceived access to COVID-19 information, adherence to preventive measures.ResultsSelf-perceived access to information and adherence to preventive measures was overall high both among the migrant origin and the general population. Perceived adequate access to information was associated with living in Finland for 12 years or longer (OR 1.94, 95% CI 1.05–3.57) and excellent Finnish/Swedish language skills (OR 2.71, 95% CI 1.62–4.53) among the migrant origin population and with higher education (OR 3.56, 95% CI 1.49–8.55 for tertiary and OR 2.87, 95% CI 1.25–6.59 for secondary) among the general population. The association between examined sociodemographic characteristics with adherence to preventive measures varied by study group.ConclusionsFindings on the association of perceived access to information with language proficiency in official languages highlight the need for rapid multilingual and simple language crisis communications. Findings also suggest that crisis communications and measures designed to influence health behaviours at population level may not be directly transferable if the aim is to influence health behaviours also among ethnically and culturally diverse populations.
Decoherence and entropy generation in an open quantum scalar-fermion system with Yukawa interaction
Authors: Bhattacharya Sourav , Joshi Nitin , Kaushal Shagun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe have studied the decoherence mechanism in a fermion and scalar quantum field theory with the Yukawa interaction in the Minkowski spacetime, using the non-equilibrium effective field theory formalism appropriate for open systems. The scalar field is treated as the system whereas the fermions as the environment. As the simplest realistic scenario, we assume that an observer measures only the Gaussian 2-point correlator for the scalar field. The cause of decoherence and the subsequent entropy generation is the ignorance of information stored in higher-order correlators, Gaussian and non-Gaussian, of the system and the surrounding. Using the 2-loop 2-particle irreducible effective action, we construct the renormalised Kadanoff–Baym equation, i.e., the equation of motion satisfied by the 2-point correlators in the Schwinger–Keldysh formalism. These equations contain the non-local self-energy corrections. We then compute the statistical propagator in terms of the 2-point functions. Using the relationship of the statistical propagator with the phase space area, we next compute the von Neumann entropy, as a measure of the decoherence or effective loss of information for the system. We have obtained the variation of the entropy with respect to various relevant parameters. We also discuss the qualitative similarities and differences of our results with the scenario when both the system and the environment are scalar fields.
Probable at First Glance, but Unlikely After Closer Look: The Role of Cognitive Reflection Ability on the Assessment of Probabilistic Expressions
Authors: Cardoso Ricardo Lopes , de Oliveira Leite Rodrigo , de Aquino André Carlos Busanelli 
Published: March 2023

Synopsis Research problem We investigate whether accountants’ cognitive reflection ability affects how they assess the probabilistic numerical thresholds of the probabilistic expressions probable, remote, virtually certain, and reasonable certainty in the context of international financial reporting standards. Theoretical reasoning In the psychology literature, impulsivity is associated with aggressive behavior, and reflective individuals are more prone than impulsive individuals to access slow and effortful (Type 2) reasoning in order to overcome the initial response provided by fast and impulsive (Type 1) reasoning. Considering that accounting conservatism requires a higher degree of verification to recognize events that increase rather than decrease net assets, we argue that impulsivity is associated with aggressive accounting and reflectivity is associated with a conservative interpretation of probabilistic expressions. Test hypothesis Reflective accountants are more conservative than their impulsive peers when making numerical assessments of probabilistic expressions associated with accruing or disclosing an event. Target population Accounting professionals, including preparers, auditors, and tax analysts. Adopted methodology We collected data from 569 accounting professionals using a survey questionnaire, in partnership with the Brazilian Accountants Association (Conselho Federal de Contabilidade, or CFC), a federal agency with the mandate of guiding, regulating, and supervising the accounting profession in Brazil, to assess professionals’ cognitive reflection ability, collect their demographic characteristics, and evaluate their assignment of numerical values to probabilistic expressions. Analyses We employed [Formula: see text]-tests, median tests, and standard deviation tests; we also conducted several robustness tests that replicated our main results. Findings Our results confirm that reflective accountants are more conservative in their probability assessments than their impulsive peers. Our findings have three main implications. First, standard-setters could avoid the use of or develop guidance about terms with low communication efficiency. Second, analysts and standard-setters should consider that the comparability of accounting information across firms depends on the preparers’ cognitive reflection ability. Third, we present an additional explanation (accountants’ cognitive reflection ability) for accounting conservatism and differences in the interpretation of uncertainty expressions.
Hypoxia Potentiates the Inflammatory Fibroblast Phenotype Promoted by Pancreatic Cancer Cell–Derived Cytokines
Authors: Schwörer Simon , Cimino Francesco V. , Ros Manon , Tsanov Kaloyan M. , Ng Charles , Lowe Scott W. , Carmona-Fontaine Carlos , Thompson Craig B. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) are a major cell type in the stroma of solid tumors and can exert both tumor-promoting and tumor-restraining functions. CAF heterogeneity is frequently observed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a tumor characterized by a dense and hypoxic stroma that features myofibroblastic CAFs (myCAF) and inflammatory CAFs (iCAF) that are thought to have opposing roles in tumor progression. While CAF heterogeneity can be driven in part by tumor cell–produced cytokines, other determinants shaping CAF identity and function are largely unknown. In vivo, we found that iCAFs displayed a hypoxic gene expression and biochemical profile and were enriched in hypoxic regions of PDAC tumors, while myCAFs were excluded from these regions. Hypoxia led fibroblasts to acquire an inflammatory gene expression signature and synergized with cancer cell–derived cytokines to promote an iCAF phenotype in a HIF1α-dependent fashion. Furthermore, HIF1α stabilization was sufficient to induce an iCAF phenotype in stromal cells introduced into PDAC organoid cocultures and to promote PDAC tumor growth. These findings indicate hypoxia-induced HIF1α as a regulator of CAF heterogeneity and promoter of tumor progression in PDAC.

Significance:
Hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic cancer potentiates the cytokine-induced inflammatory CAF phenotype and promotes tumor growth.
See related commentary by Fuentes and Taniguchi, p. 1560
Sex and reproductive status affect sheltering and exploratory behaviours with high intra-individual variability in crayfish
Authors: Atkinson Sydney , Bryan Erin , Kruse Jack , Sarachick Nathan , Mathews Lauren 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The contexts in which individuals demonstrate behavioural consistency or variability have been the subject of research focus. We studied exploratory and sheltering behaviour in the crayfish F. virilis to understand how these behaviours vary by sex and reproductive readiness and to quantify the repeatability of these behaviours. Crayfish were tested in two sets of three rounds, one in the summer non-reproductive season and another in the autumn reproductive season. Reproductive crayfish spent more time outside the shelter and were more likely to accept a food item than non-reproductive crayfish. In the non-reproductive season, females spent more time outside the shelter than males, and over both seasons, females were more likely to seek and accept a food item. Repeatability estimates were low, indicating high intra-individual variability in these behaviours. Sheltering and exploratory behaviours were not correlated. This indicates sex or reproductive readiness have strong effects on both sheltering and exploratory behaviours.
A new species of potamid crab, Isolapotamon seowi (Brachyura, Potamoidea) from Kokol Hill in western Sabah, Malaysia, Borneo
Authors: Ng Peter K. L. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
A new species of freshwater crab of the genus Isolapotamon Bott, 1968 (Potamidae) is described from western Sabah in Malaysian Borneo. Isolapotamon seowi new species, is the sixth species of Isolapotamon known from Sabah, and differs from its closest congener, I. buntyae Ng, Low & Clark, 2022, from eastern Borneo, in possessing a relatively lower carapace, a more rugose dorsal carapace surface, the postorbital cristae being sharper and subparallel with the frontal margin, relatively shorter fourth ambulatory legs, and the terminal segment of the male first gonopod is gently curved with the subdistal process slightly longer than the distal projection and angled at 90° to the longitudinal axis.
Body length, dry and ash-free dry weights, and developmental changes at each copepodid stage in five sympatric mesopelagic aetideid copepods in the western Arctic Ocean
Authors: Koguchi Yunosuke , Tokuhiro Koki , Ashjian Carin J. , Campbell Robert G. , Yamaguchi Atsushi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Aetideid copepods dominate the mesopelagic layer of the Arctic Ocean and play an important role in the vertical material flux and biodiversity. However, little information about the lengths and weights of their copepodids is available. In this study, we collected five sympatric aetideid copepods, Chiridius obtusifrons Sars G.O., 1902, Gaetanus tenuispinus (Sars G.O., 1900), Gaetanus brevispinus (Sars G.O., 1900), Aetideopsis multiserrata (Wolfenden, 1904), and Aetideopsis rostrata Sars G.O., 1903, from the Arctic Ocean and examined their body lengths, dry and ash-free dry weights, and developmental growths at each copepodid stage. Highly significant length-weight relationships were obtained among copepodids for all species. Within genera, individuals of the same length were heavier at shallower depths. This may result from the greater nutritional availability to species within genera inhabiting shallower depths. Common to all species, the organic content (ash-free dry weight per dry weight) was high for the early copepodid stages. This may be due to the residual organic content of lipid-rich eggs retained in the non-feeding nauplii. The largest growth in females occurred at C5/C6, whereas the largest growth in males occurred at C4/C5, as determined by moult increment and proportion of growth in weight. These sex differences in weight growth could be due to the degeneration of the feeding appendage and cessation of feeding in C6 males of aetideid copepods.
Semper Purificanda: Accounting for Ecclesial Deformity with Bernard Lonergan
Authors: Schlesinger Eugene R. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Christian churches often not only fall short of their noble ambitions, but actively perpetuate harm. This reality must be squarely faced, and a cogent theological account of this deformity must be forthcoming, otherwise the ecclesiological enterprise will fail. This essay turns to the thought of Bernard Lonergan in order to develop a theological account of ecclesial deformity, by articulating a framework for relating ecclesiological ideals and the empirical reality of actual churches. Both the ideal and the empirical are required for an adequate ecclesiology, for either, in isolation, fails to truly describe the church as it actually exists. This sets the stage for the churches to undertake the work of beginning to correct their ills.
Sign and Ministry in the Finnish Lutheran – Catholic Document Communion in Growth
Authors: Hurskainen Heta 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Communion in Growth: Declaration on the Church, Eucharist and Ministry (cg 2017), a report from the Lutheran – Catholic Dialogue Commission for Finland, continued at the national level the ecumenical request to work on the themes. The aim of the article is to determine how Communion in Growth understands the concept ‘sign’ in connection with ministry. In the report, ministry itself, especially episcopal ministry, is understood as a sign, but so is the laying on of hands in the ordination understood as a sign. The two meanings are then seen as representing visible, historical, sacramental and communal signs.
The Charism of Infallibility: Re-Receiving Pastor Aeternus’ Teaching on Papal Infallibility in Light of Iuvenescit Ecclesia’s Teaching on Charismatic Gifts
Authors: Stayne John 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
More than 150 years since Vatican I, the definition of papal infallibility continues to be a major obstacle in the work for Christian unity. In response to ecumenical and historical objections, Roman Catholic scholars have tended to downplay claims of a priori certainty by stressing the epistemological role of ecclesial reception. The present essay argues that this approach can be greatly strengthened through re-examining the decision of Pastor Aeternus to describe infallibility as a charism, particularly in light of the understanding of charisms found in Lumen Gentium and, more recently, Iuvenescit Ecclesia.
On Secondary Long Vowels in Mongolic Loanwords in Kirghiz
Authors: Satylkanova Nuraiym 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Regardless of the modern settlement of their speakers, the South Siberian Turkic languages evidence the largest number of Mongolic loanwords. At the same time, the layer of the loanwords in these languages varies greatly. Interestingly, the Kirghiz language has quite a few Mongolic borrowings, following the number of borrowings from South Siberian Turkic languages. According to my preliminary compiled materials, more than 300 words are indisputably of Mongolic origin. Most of these Mongolic loanwords were most likely borrowed in the early Yenisei period. As with the South Siberian Turkic languages (Tuvan, Khakas, Yakut, etc.) in Kirghiz, it is difficult to distribute the Mongolic loanwords into earlier and later layers. For example, Kirghiz has an early characteristic feature in the length patterns -aγu-, -aγa-, -oγa-, iγu-, -egü-, -öge-, -uγu-, -igü-, which can be attributed to the middle period of the Kirghiz language. In Kirghiz, strong labial vowel harmony is clearly and consistently implemented, especially in the Northern Kirghiz dialect. This might have influenced the long vowel patterns in Mongolic loanwords. This type of vowel harmony affected the development of the long vowels in the Mongolic loanwords due to the loss of intervocalic guttural consonant g. Long vowels in Mongolic loanwords in Kirghiz are observed only in those cases where the long vowels arose from the patterns -aγu-, -aγa, -oγa-, -iγu-, -egü, -öge-, -uγu, -igü-.
The Effect of an Enhanced Recovery Protocol on Pediatric Colorectal Surgical Patient Outcomes at a Single Institution
Authors: Eakes Ali M. , Purcell Laura N. , Burkbauer Laura , McCauley Christopher M. , Mangat Sabrina , Lupa Concetta , Akinkuotu Adesola C. , McLean Sean E. , Phillips Michael R. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction Enhanced recovery protocols (ERP) have been associated with fewer postoperative complications in adult colorectal surgery patients, but there is a paucity of data on pediatric patients. Our aim is to describe the effect of an ERP, compared to conventional care, on pediatric colorectal surgical complications. Materials and Methods We performed a single institution, retrospective cohort study (2014-2020) on pediatric (≤18 years old) colorectal surgery patients pre- and post-implementation of an ERP. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression were used to assess the effect of an ERP on return visits to the emergency room, reoperation, and readmission within 30-days. Results There were 194 patients included in this study, with 54 in the control cohort and 140 in the ERP cohort. There was no significant difference in the age, BMI, primary diagnosis, or use of laparoscopic technique between the cohorts. The ERP cohort had a significantly shorter foley duration, postoperative stay, and had nerve blocks performed. After controlling for pertinent covariates, the ERP cohort experienced higher odds of reoperation within 30 days (OR 5.83, P = .04). There was no significant difference in the other outcomes analyzed. Conclusion In this study, there was no difference in the odds of overall complications, readmission or return to the ER within 30-days of surgery. However, although infrequent, there were higher odds of returns to the OR within 30 days. Future studies are needed to analyze how adherence to individual components may influence patient outcomes to ensure patient safety during ERP implementation.
Compliance Prediction of a Novel Head Protection Device for Elderly Patients With Fall Risk
Authors: Kepros John P. , Haag Susan , Patterson Stacie 
Published: March 2023

Brain injury from ground level falls (GLF) is common and has substantial morbidity. We identified a potential head protection device (HPD). This report describes predicted future compliance. 21 elderly patients were provided a HPD and were evaluated on admission and after discharge. Compliance, ease of use, and comfort were evaluated. Differences between categorical variables (gender, race, age group1, 55-77 years; group2, 78+) and compliance were tested using the chi-squared statistic. HPD compliance at baseline was 90% with 85% at follow-up ( P = .33). No difference with HPD interaction ( P = .72), ease of use ( P = .57), and comfort ( P = .77). Weight was a concern on follow-up ( P = .001). Age group1 was more compliant ( P=.05). At two months, patients were compliant with no falls recorded. The identified HPD with modifications has a high predicted compliance in this population. After the device is modified, effectiveness will be assessed.
Early and Mid-Term Results of Native and Abdominal Aortic Graft Infection Treatment via Surgeon-Constructed Porcine Pericardial Aortic Tubes
Authors: Znaniecki Łukasz , Brzeziński Jakub , Halman Joanna , Marciniuk Piotr , Michalski Paweł , Wojciechowski Jacek 
Published: March 2023

The search for optimal material for aortic infection reconstruction is ongoing. Our study presents the early and mid-term results of surgeon-constructed porcine pericardial tubes in the in-situ reconstruction of abdominal aortic infections, focusing on the safety as well as the durability of surgeon-created tubes. We performed a retrospective analysis of 8 patients treated for native aortic ( n = 3) and aortic graft infections ( n = 5) with surgeon-created tubes made of porcine pericardium patch (8 × 14 cm NO-REACT Ⓡ, BioIntegral Surgical Inc., Mississauga, ON, Canada). There were 7 males and 1 female, aged 68.5 (±4.8 years). Three patients had an aorto-enteric fistula. Technical success was obtained in all patients. Thirty-day mortality was 12.5% ( n = 1). Mid-term follow-up was 12 months (2–63 months). One-year mortality was 37.5% ( n = 3). Reintervention rate was 28.5% ( n = 2). False aneurysm rate in the follow-up was 14.2% ( n = 1). Surgeon-constructed porcine pericardial tubes seem to be a promising alternative as a replacement for native as well as graft-related abdominal aortic infections. The mid-term durability is encouraging, once the infection is controlled in cases with successful fistula repair and in native aortic infections patients. Further observations on larger groups, in longer follow-ups are necessary to confirm these preliminary observations.