bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The heritability of weight gain in infancy: A population‐based twin study
Authors: Krichevski Masha , Calderon‐Margalit Ronit , Carmi Shai , Raz Raanan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundRapid weight gain during infancy is a strong predictor of childhood obesity and is affected by genetic and environmental factors. Identifying ages with low heritability will allow for targeted interventions that might be able to prevent the adverse effects of childhood obesity.ObjectivesThe objective of the study is to estimate the heritability of weight gain from birth to defined ages during infancy, as well as during 6‐month periods from birth to 18 months of age. We address this by leveraging large‐scale computerised anthropometric data from the state‐run network of well‐baby clinics in Israel.MethodsWe performed a population‐based twin study. We extracted weight measurements recorded between birth to 24 months from well‐baby clinics for 9388 twin pairs born in Israel between 2011 and 2015. The reported sexes of the twins were used as a proxy for their zygosity status. We estimated the heritability of the weight z‐score change from birth to specific ages and during particular periods in infancy. To assess the validity of the results, we repeated the analysis in a sub‐cohort of twin pairs with complete weight measurements.ResultsDuring the first 2 years of life, heritability was lowest for birthweight (). Heritability for weight gain since birth was highest at 4 months (), and then gradually decreased until age 18 months (). Estimating the heritability in 6‐month intervals from birth to 18 months, heritability was highest during the 6–12‐month interval (), and was substantially lower during the subsequent 12–18‐month interval ().ConclusionsHeritability of weight gain decreases substantially in the second year of life, suggesting that this period could be an appropriate time for interventions for infants who are at an increased risk of childhood obesity.
Stakeholder theory in the public sector domain: A bibliometric analysis and future research agenda
Authors: Sarturi Greici , Barakat Simone R. , Gomes Ricardo Corrêa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStakeholder theory has been widely studied and used in private companies because of its potential to achieve satisfactory organizational outcomes and create sustainable value among different stakeholder groups. However, the stakeholder theory principles still need to be consolidated in the public administration field. To advance this discussion, this study undertook a bibliometric analysis to collect, analyze, and synthesize the research that had already been developed in this regard. We analyzed 1805 articles published between 1982 and 2021. Our findings show that even though some ideas of stakeholder theory seem to be associated with important topics in the public administration field, such as participation and governance, some of the central principles of stakeholder theory have still not been explored in depth in studies of the public sector. A proposed research agenda indicates the need for stakeholder management theories and their interaction with public value, performance, sustainability and innovation.
Re‐examine the transfusion transmitted risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 virus during a major COVID‐19 outbreak in 2022
Authors: Ng S. C. , Chu A. W. H. , Chan W. M. , Yip C. C. Y. , Leung K. H. , So C. K. , Leung J. N. S. , To K. K. W. , Lee C. K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionAlthough no case of COVID‐19 transmission through transfusion has been reported, blood transfusion service (BTS) continues to implement pre‐donation and post‐donation measures to minimise the risk. In year 2022, when local healthcare system was badly impacted by a major outbreak, it opened an opportunity to re‐examine the viraemia risk in these asymptomatic donors.Materials and MethodsRecords were retrieved from blood donors who reported COVID‐19 after donation and follow‐up was also made for recipients who received their blood. Blood samples at donation were tested for SARS‐CoV‐2 viraemia by single‐tube nested real‐time RT‐PCR assay designed to detect most SARS‐CoV‐2 variants including the prevailing delta and omicron variants.ResultsFrom 1 January to 15 August 2022, the city with 7.4 M inhabitants recorded 1 187 844 COVID‐19 positive cases and 125 936 successful blood donations were received. 781 donors reported to the BTS after donation with 701 being COVID‐19 related (including close contact and symptoms respiratory tract infection). 525 COVID‐19 were positive at the time of call back or follow‐up.Of the 701 donations, they were processed into 1480 components with 1073 discarded upon donors' call back. For remaining 407 components, no recipient was found to have adverse event or COVID‐19 positive. 510 samples from the above 525 COVID‐19 positive donors were available and all tested negative for SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA.DiscussionWith the negative SARS‐CoV‐2 RNA in blood donation samples and follow up data in transfusion recipients, the risk of transfusion transmitted COVID‐19 appears negligible. However, current measures remains important in securing blood safety with ongoing surveillance of their effectiveness.
Alfaxalone provides reliable sedation for intradermal allergen testing in dogs and does not significantly affect results when compared to dexmedetomidine
Authors: Meason Courtney , Salazar Rebecca , Gentry Christina M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDexmedetomidine (Dexmedetomidine hydrochloride‐Dexdomitor; Zoetis) is the preferred sedative used for canine intradermal allergen testing (IDT) in the United States. Alfaxalone (Alfaxan Multidose; Jurox Animal Health) is a neuroactive steroid, and its effect on sedation and allergen reactivity scores is unknown.Hypothesis/ObjectivesWe hypothesised that alfaxalone would produce an adequate level of sedation with fewer cardiovascular adverse effects and would not affect allergen reactivity scores or histamine wheal size compared to dexmedetomidine.Materials and MethodsTwenty client‐owned dogs were included in two groups: 10 atopic and 10 nonatopic. In a randomised, controlled, blinded, cross‐over design all dogs underwent two modified IDT, 1–4 weeks apart, using intravenous dexmedetomidine (2.87–5.22 μg/kg) or alfaxalone (1.8–2.4 mg/kg). Anaesthetic parameters and sedation level were recorded over 25 min using a validated canine sedation scale described by Grint et al. (Small Anim Pract, 2009, 50, 62). Simultaneously, both objective and subjective reactivity scores were measured in technical triplicates at 10, 15 and 20 min. The modified IDT included eight allergens, histamine‐positive and saline‐negative controls.ResultsAlfaxalone produced a significantly higher sedation score across all time points (p < 0.05). All objective scores were significantly correlated to the corresponding subjective scores (SpearmanR = 0.859,p < 0.0001). Sedative used did not significantly affect subjective allergen scores for nine atopic dogs (p > 0.05, 15 min). Sedative used did not affect the diameter of objective scores for individual allergens and histamine wheals (p > 0.05, 15 min).Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceIntravascular alfaxalone is an alternative sedative for IDT in dogs. Alfaxalone may be preferred to dexmedetomidine in some clinical scenarios as a result of having fewer cardiovascular adverse effects.
Psychological ownership and identity motives in blood donation
Authors: Edwards Abigail R.‐A. , Masser Barbara M. , Barlow Fiona K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesInterventions to retain existing donors are essential to increase the blood supply. Blood donor self‐identity is proposed to motivate sustained donation behaviour. However, interventions to develop self‐identity in the absence of donating blood are scarce. We propose that experiencing psychological ownership of a blood collection agency (BCA) may provide a potential avenue for fostering donor self‐identity and subsequent sustained donation behaviour.Materials and MethodsTwo hundred and fifty‐five donor participants were recruited through Prolific Academic (n = 175) and an Australian online blood donor community group (n = 80), with an additional 252 non‐donors recruited through Prolific Academic. Participants completed an online survey assessing donation behaviour, perceived psychological ownership of a BCA, self‐identity and intentions to donate blood, amongst other constructs.ResultsConsistent with our theoretical argument, psychological ownership was positively associated with self‐identity, which, in turn, was positively associated with intentions to donate blood. Donation behaviour was positively associated with psychological ownership. Examination of psychological ownership by donation experience showed the expected relationship with committed donors having the strongest psychological ownership and non‐donors having the weakest psychological ownership over a BCA.ConclusionWe provide initial support for the inclusion of psychological ownership within a model of sustained blood donation behaviour.
Canine intrahepatic portosystemic shunts: Interlobar and intralobar classifications
Authors: Walsh Nicholas D. , Porter Ian R. , Miller Allison V. , Fischetti Anthony J. , Cheong Soon Hon , Scrivani Peter V. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis two‐part study design showed that a canine congenital intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (IPSS) may be classified by its location within a liver fissure (interlobar) or lobe (intralobar). A prospective anatomic study reviewed normal canine liver morphology and showed the CT angiography (CTA) appearance of the normal canine ductus venosus (DV), which was confirmed via dissection and literature review to be between the papillary process and left‐lateral liver lobe (in the fissure for ligamentum venosum). A retrospective multi‐institutional case series documented the frequency of imaging findings in 56 dogs with a single IPSS that underwent portal CTA at Cornell University or the Schwarzman Animal Medical Center between June 2008 and August 2022. An interlobar IPSS was seen in 24 of 56 (43%) dogs, all arose from the left portal branch except one. These shunts were typically near the median plane, remained interlobar throughout the course, and were nearly always (96%) craniodorsal to the porta hepatis. Four types were distinguished: patent DV (11 dogs), left interlobar (11 dogs), right interlobar (1 dog), and ventral interlobar (1 dog). Only about half (46%) were in the fissure for ligamentum venosum and therefore classified as a patent DV. An intralobar IPSS was seen in 32 of 56 (57%) dogs, most (88%) originated from the right portal branch and were in the right‐lateral liver lobe (21 dogs) or caudate process (7 dogs). During canine portal CTA, documenting the interlobar or intralobar location of an IPSS might increase the consistency and validity of IPSS description.
Assessment and comparison of microcirculation and macrocirculation in horses undergoing emergency exploratory celiotomy versus elective surgical procedures
Authors: Foth Patrick W. , Gardner Alison , Pereira Carolina Ricco , Cooper Edward , Schroeder Eric , Mudge Margaret C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess oral buccal microcirculation by hand‐held videomicroscopy in horses during colic surgery, comparing microcirculation values with macrocirculatory parameters and with those of healthy elective surgical horses.Study designClinical prospective study.AnimalsClient‐owned horses (nine in the colic group; 11 in the elective group).MethodsIn the colic group, buccal mucosal side stream dark‐field microscopy (DFM) videos, cardiac output (CO), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and lactate were obtained at three timepoints under general anesthesia (30, 90, and 150 min after induction). Video analysis was used to determine total vessel density, proportion of perfused vessels, perfused vessel density, and heterogeneity index. Dark‐field microscopy videos, MAP, and lactate were obtained at a single timepoint under general anesthesia (45 min after induction) in the elective group.ResultsThere were no differences in microcirculatory parameters between colic and elective horses, nor was there a difference across timepoints in the colic group. There was a weak negative correlation between microvascular parameters and CO (rho = −0.23).ConclusionThe colic group did not have decreased microcirculation in comparison with the healthy elective group. Dark‐field microscopy did not correlate well with macrocirculatory parameters in the colic group.ImpactDark‐field microscopy may not be a sensitive enough indicator to detect differences in microcirculation between colic and elective groups. The lack of difference in microcirculation may be due to sample size, probe location, or variation in disease severity.
Effects of a 10% dimethyl sulfoxide solution on radiocarpal joint amikacin pharmacokinetics during intravenous regional limb perfusion in standing sedated horses
Authors: Kilcoyne Isabelle , Nieto Jorge , Magdesian K. Gary , Nottle Bridget F. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the effect of a 10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution on the peak concentration (CMAX) of amikacin in the radiocarpal joint (RCJ) during intravenous regional limb perfusion (IVRLP) compared with 0.9% NaCl.Study designRandomized crossover study.AnimalsSeven healthy adult horses.MethodsThe horses underwent IVRLP with 2 g of amikacin sulfate diluted to 60 mL using a 10% DMSO or 0.9% NaCl solution. Synovial fluid was collected from the RCJ at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 minutes after IVRLP. The wide rubber tourniquet placed on the antebrachium was removed after the 30 min sample. Amikacin concentrations were quantified by a fluorescence polarization immunoassay. The mean CMAXand time to peak concentration (TMAX) of amikacin within the RCJ were determined. A one‐sided pairedt‐test was used to determine the differences between treatments. The significance level wasp < .05.ResultsThe mean ± SD CMAXin the DMSO group was 1361.8 ± 593 μg/mL and in the 0.9% NaCl group it was 860 ± 481.6 μg/mL (p = .058). Mean TMAXusing the 10% DMSO solution was 23 and 18 min using the 0.9% NaCl perfusate (p = .161). No adverse effects were associated with use of the 10% DMSO solution.ConclusionAlthough there were higher mean peak synovial concentrations using the 10% DMSO solution no difference in synovial amikacin CMAXbetween perfusate type was detected (p= .058).Clinical significanceUse of a 10% DMSO solution in conjunction with amikacin during IVRLP is a feasible technique and does not negatively affect the synovial amikacin levels achieved. Further research is warranted to determine other effects of using DMSO during IVRLP.
Two‐pore channel 1 and Ca2+ release‐activated Ca2+ channels contribute to the acrosomal pH‐dependent intracellular Ca2+ increase in mouse sperm
Authors: Oliver Enrique I. , Jabloñski Martina , Buffone Mariano G. , Darszon Alberto 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe acrosome is a lysosome‐related vesicular organelle located in the sperm head. The acrosomal reaction (AR) is an exocytic process mediated by Ca2+ and essential for mammalian fertilization. Recent findings support the importance of acrosomal alkalinization for the AR. Mibefradil (Mib) and NNC 55‐0396 (NNC) are two amphipathic weak bases that block the sperm‐specific Ca2+ channel (CatSper) and induce acrosomal pH (pHa) increase by accumulating in the acrosomal lumen of mammalian sperm. This accumulation and pHa elevation increase the intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) and trigger the AR by unknown mechanisms of Ca2+ transport. Here, we investigated the pathways associated with the pHa increase‐induced Ca2+ signals using mouse sperm as a model. To address these questions, we used single‐cell Ca2+ imaging, the lysosomotropic agent Gly‐Phe‐β‐naphthylamide (GPN) and pharmacological tools. Our findings show that Mib and NNC increase pHa and release acrosomal Ca2+ without compromising acrosomal membrane integrity. Our GPN results indicate that the osmotic component does not significantly contribute to acrosomal Ca2+ release caused by pHa rise. Inhibition of two‐pore channel 1 (TPC1) channels reduced the [Ca2+]i increase stimulated by acrosomal alkalinization. In addition, blockage of Ca2+ release‐activated Ca2+ (CRAC) channels diminished Ca2+ uptake triggered by pHa alkalinization. Finally, our findings contribute to understanding how pHa controls acrosomal Ca2+ efflux and extracellular Ca2+ entry during AR in mouse sperm.
imageKey points
The acrosomal vesicle is a lysosome‐related organelle located in the sperm head. The acrosome reaction (AR) is a highly regulated exocytic process mediated by Ca2+, which is essential for fertilization. However, the molecular identity of Ca2+ transporters involved in the AR and their mechanisms to regulate Ca2+ fluxes are not fully understood.
In mammalian sperm, acrosomal alkalinization induces intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) increase and triggers the AR by unknown molecular mechanisms of Ca2+ transport. In this study, we explored the molecular mechanisms underlying Ca2+ signals caused by acrosomal alkalinization using mouse sperm as a model.
TPC1 and CRAC channels contribute to [Ca2+]i elevation during acrosomal alkalinization.
Our findings expand our understanding of how the acrosomal pH participates in the physiological induction of the AR.
Enhancing the Thermal Dissipation in Batteries via Inclusion of Central Heat Sink
Authors: Aryanfar Asghar , Elias Fadi , Goddard William A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The generation of heat within the rechargeable batteries during the charge–discharge cycles is inevitable, making heat dissipation a very critical part of their design and operation procedure, as a safety and sustainability measure. In particular, when the heat gets the least possibility to escape from the electrode surface, the boundary of the packaging material remains the sole heat dissipator. In this regard, the heat gets accumulated in the central zone, making it the most critical, since it has the least possibility to escape to the surroundings. Anticipating such a heat trap, a central heat sink component is devised, where the role of its conductivity and the relative scale is analyzed based on the formation of transient and steady-state temperature profiles. Additionally, an analytical solution is attained for the location of the maximum temperature, where its value and correlation with the electrolyte conductivity, heat generation rate, and scale of the cell have been quantified. Due to the existence of the curved boundaries, it is shown that the time versus space resolution for capturing the transient evolution of the temperature is more strict than the flat surface and analytically acquired as ≈33% smaller value. Such enhanced design and subsequent analysis are critical for planning sustainable and cost-effective packaging to avoid the ignition and failure of the respective electrolyte.
An Explanation for the Flutter Paradox in the Supercritical Region of a Simply-Supported Fluid-Conveying Pipe
Authors: Ming Ding , Shuai Meng , Zhen Liu , Junhan Zhan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Employing traditional Galerkin method, a coupled-mode flutter is predicted in the supercritical region of simply-supported pipes which constitutes a paradox since the internal flow effect is conservative and there is no energy to sustain the oscillation. Although there is a consensus that the flutter does not exist, the intrinsic mechanism remains to be clarified. This study has found that the internal flow induced Coriolis force term cannot be decoupled in traditional Galerkin method which leads to the dissatisfaction of the convergence conditions required in weighted residual approach (WRA). Moreover, the disparities in the predicted complex frequencies have been witnessed at different base function numbers when the internal flow velocity is sufficiently large. A modified Galerkin method adopting a new set of weighting functions is proposed based on WRA, and the Coriolis force term disappears by use of the orthogonality relations (it is stated that the Coriolis force is not directly omitted). Thus, a convergent solution for the set of residual functions which are identically equal to zeros can be guaranteed. Employing the modified method, the convergence in simulations is confirmed and the flutter phenomenon does not occur. This study can be a workbench for the study on the unsolved or partly solved issues in simulations of fluid-conveying pipes. Moreover, it has demonstrated that the predictions in traditional Galerkin method overestimate the natural frequencies, and it becomes more profound in higher-order natural modes at larger internal flow velocities which are of practice significance for dynamic analysis of flexible pipeline systems.
Using Multivariate Data Analysis to Project Performance in Biathletes and Cross-Country Skiers
Authors: Jones Thomas W. , Lindblom Hampus P. , Laaksonen Marko S. , McGawley Kerry 
Published: June 2023

Purpose: To determine whether competitive performance, as defined by International Biathlon Union (IBU) and International Ski Federation (FIS) points in biathlon and cross-country (XC) skiing, respectively, can be projected using a combination of anthropometric and physiological metrics. Shooting accuracy was also included in the biathlon models. Methods: Data were analyzed using multivariate methods from 45 (23 female and 22 male) biathletes and 202 (86 female and 116 male) XC skiers who were all members of senior national teams, national development teams, or ski-university or high school invite-only programs (age range: 16–36 y). Anthropometric and physiological characteristics were assessed via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and incremental roller-ski treadmill tests, respectively. Shooting accuracy was assessed via an outdoor standardized testing protocol. Results: Valid projective models were identified for female biathletes’ IBU points (R2 = .80/Q2 = .65) and female XC skiers’ FIS distance (R2 = .81/Q2 = .74) and sprint (R2 = .81/Q2 = .70) points. No valid models were identified for the men. The most important variables for the projection of IBU points were shooting accuracy, speeds at blood lactate concentrations of 4 and 2 mmol·L−1, peak aerobic power, and lean mass. The most important variables for the projection of FIS distance and sprint points were speeds at blood lactate concentrations of 4 and 2 mmol·L−1 and peak aerobic power. Conclusions: This study highlights the relative importance of specific anthropometric, physiological, and shooting-accuracy metrics in female biathletes and XC skiers. The data can help to identify the specific metrics that should be targeted when monitoring athletes’ progression and designing training plans.