bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive analysis of UK AADF traffic dataset set within four geographical regions of England
Authors: Chang Victor , Xu Qianwen Ariel , Hall Karl , Oluwaseyi Olojede Theophilus , Luo Jiabin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTraffic flow detection plays a significant part in freeway traffic surveillance systems. Currently, effective autonomous traffic analysis is a challenging task due to the complexity of traffic delays, despite the significant investment spent by authorities in monitoring and analysing traffic congestion. This study builds an intelligent analytic method based on machine‐learning algorithms to investigate and predict road traffic flows in four locations in the United Kingdom (London, Yorkshire and the Humber, North East, and North West) with a range of relevant factors. While aiming to conduct the study, the dataset ‘estimated annual average daily flows (AADFs) Data—major and minor roads’ from the UK government was used. Machine‐learning algorithms are used for this research and classification applied consists of Logistic Regression, Decision Trees, Random Forests, K‐Nearest Neighbors, and Gradient Boosting. Each of these algorithms achieves an accuracy of over 93% and the F1 score of over 95%, with Random Forest outperforming the other algorithms. This analytical approach helps to focus attention on critical areas to reduce traffic flows on major and minor roads in the area. In summary, the findings on traffic analysis have been discussed in detail to demonstrate the practical insights of this study.
Biological life‐history and farming scenarios of marine aquaculture to help reduce wild marine fishing pressure
Authors: Froehlich Halley E. , Montgomery Jamie C. , Williams David R. , O'Hara Casey , Kuempel Caitlin D. , Halpern Benjamin S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAquaculture (freshwater and marine) has largely supplemented fisheries, but in theory could help reduce fishing pressure on wild stocks. Although not the sole factors, some potential benefits depend on aquaculture pressures on fished species, including collection of wild ‘seed’ material—earlier to later life stages—for rearing in captivity and the capacity of aquaculture to increase. Here we first classify 203 marine (saltwater and brackish) animal species as being produced by either open‐cycle capture‐based aquaculture (CBA) or closed‐cycle domesticated aquaculture (DA)—based on their likely reliance on wild seed—and assess the extent to which these forms of aquaculture could support seafood production and greater wild biomass. Using a data‐limited modelling approach, we find evidence that current aquaculture practices are not necessarily helping reduce fishing to sustainable levels for their wild counterparts—consistent with emerging scientific research. However, if some wild capture species (87 equivalent spp.) were instead produced through CBA, almost a million extra tonnes could theoretically be left in the wild, without reducing seafood production. Alternatively, if reliance on wild seed inputs is further reduced by shifting to DA production, then a little less than doubling of aquaculture of the overexploited species in our study could help fill the ‘production gap’ to support fishing at maximum sustainable levels. While other ecological (e.g. escapes), social and economic considerations (e.g. market substitution) are important, we focused on a critical biological linkage between wild fisheries and aquaculture that provides another aspect on how to improve management alignment of the sectors.
Can cannabidiol have an analgesic effect?
Authors: Kulesza Bartłomiej , Mazurek Marek , Kurzepa Jacek 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundCannabis, more commonly known as marijuana or hemp, has been used for centuries to treat various conditions. Cannabis contains two main components cannabidiol (CBD) and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). CBD, unlike THC, is devoid of psychoactive effects and is well tolerated by the human body but has no direct effect on the receptors of the endocannabid system, despite the lack of action on the receptors of the endocannabid system.Objectives and methodsWe have prepared a literature review based on the latest available literature regarding the analgesic effects of CBD. CBD has a wide range of effects on the human body. In this study, we will present the potential mechanisms responsible for the analgesic effect of CBD. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first review to explore the analgesic mechanisms of CBD.Results and conclusionThe analgesic effect of CBD is complex and still being researched. CBD models the perception of pain by acting on G protein‐coupled receptors. Another group of receptors that CBD acts on are serotonergic receptors. The effect of CBD on an enzyme of potential importance in the production of inflammatory factors such as cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases has also been confirmed. The presented potential mechanisms of CBD's analgesic effect are currently being extensively studied.
Role of apoptosis and autophagy in folic acid‐induced cytotoxicity of human breast cancer cells in vitro
Authors: Baran Munevver , Onder Gozde Ozge , Goktepe Ozge , Yay Arzu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObstacles to the successful treatment of breast cancer patients with chemotherapeutic agents can be overcome with effective new strategies. It is still unclear how folic acid affects the onset and spread of breast cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine how folic acid affected the apoptotic and autophagic pathways of the breast cancer cell lines MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231. In the present study, folic acid was applied to MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cell lines at different concentrations and for different durations. MTT analysis was used to investigate cytotoxic activity. All groups underwent the Tunel staining procedure to identify apoptosis and the immunofluorescence staining approach to identify the autophagic pathway. 24‐hour folic acid values were accepted as the most appropriate cytotoxic dose. In MCF‐7, cell cycle arrest was observed in the S phase and MDA‐MB‐231 G1/G0 phases. When apoptotic TUNEL staining was evaluated in both cell lines, folic acid significantly increased apoptosis. While a significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of Beclin 1 immunoreactivity in the MDA‐MB‐231 cell line, there was no significant difference in the MCF‐7 cell line. In addition, statistical significance was not observed LC3 immunoreactivity in both cell lines. In the study, it was observed that folic acid induced autophagy at the initial stage in the MDA‐MB‐231 cell line but had no inductive effect in the MCF‐7 cell line. In conclusion, our findings showed that folic acid has a potential cytotoxic and therapeutic effect on MCF‐7 and MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cell lines.
The collaborative study on the genetics of alcoholism: Brain function
Authors: Meyers Jacquelyn L. , Brislin Sarah J. , Kamarajan Chella , Plawecki Martin H. , Chorlian David , Anohkin Andrey , Kuperman Samuel , Merikangas Alison , Pandey Gayathri , Kinreich Sivan , Pandey Ashwini , Edenberg Howard J. , Bucholz Kathleen K. ,   COGA Collaborators, Almasy Laura , Porjesz Bernice 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlcohol use disorder (AUD) and related health conditions result from a complex interaction of genetic, neural and environmental factors, with differential impacts across the lifespan. From its inception, the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) has focused on the importance of brain function as it relates to the risk and consequences of alcohol use and AUD, through the examination of noninvasively recorded brain electrical activity and neuropsychological tests. COGA's sophisticated neurophysiological and neuropsychological measures, together with rich longitudinal, multi‐modal family data, have allowed us to disentangle brain‐related risk and resilience factors from the consequences of prolonged and heavy alcohol use in the context of genomic and social‐environmental influences over the lifespan. COGA has led the field in identifying genetic variation associated with brain functioning, which has advanced the understanding of how genomic risk affects AUD and related disorders. To date, the COGA study has amassed brain function data on over 9871 participants, 7837 with data at more than one time point, and with notable diversity in terms of age (from 7 to 97), gender (52% female), and self‐reported race and ethnicity (28% Black, 9% Hispanic). These data are available to the research community through several mechanisms, including directly through the NIAAA, through dbGAP, and in collaboration with COGA investigators. In this review, we provide an overview of COGA's data collection methods and specific brain function measures assessed, and showcase the utility, significance, and contributions these data have made to our understanding of AUD and related disorders, highlighting COGA research findings.
Improved net carbon budgets in the US Midwest through direct measured impacts of enhanced weathering
Authors: Kantola Ilsa B. , Blanc‐Betes Elena , Masters Michael D. , Chang Elliot , Marklein Alison , Moore Caitlin E. , von Haden Adam , Bernacchi Carl J. , Wolf Adam , Epihov Dimitar Z. , Beerling David J. , DeLucia Evan H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTerrestrial enhanced weathering (EW) through the application of Mg‐ or Ca‐rich rock dust to soil is a negative emission technology with the potential to address impacts of climate change. The effectiveness of EW was tested over 4 years by spreading ground basalt (50 t ha−1 year−1) on maize/soybean and miscanthus cropping systems in the Midwest US. The major elements of the carbon budget were quantified through measurements of eddy covariance, soil carbon flux, and biomass. The movement of Mg and Ca to deep soil, released by weathering, balanced by a corresponding alkalinity flux, was used to measure the drawdown of CO2, where the release of cations from basalt was measured as the ratio of rare earth elements to base cations in the applied rock dust and in the surface soil. Basalt application stimulated peak biomass and net primary production in both cropping systems and caused a small but significant stimulation of soil respiration. Net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB) was strongly negative for maize/soybean (−199 to −453 g C m−2 year−1) indicating this system was losing carbon to the atmosphere. Average EW (102 g C m−2 year−1) offset carbon loss in the maize/soybean by 23%–42%. NECB of miscanthus was positive (63–129 g C m−2 year−1), indicating carbon gain in the system, and EW greatly increased inorganic carbon storage by an additional 234 g C m−2 year−1. Our analysis indicates a co‐deployment of a perennial biofuel crop (miscanthus) with EW leads to major wins—increased harvested yields of 29%–42% with additional carbon dioxide removal (CDR) of 8.6 t CO2 ha−1 year−1. EW applied to maize/soybean drives a CDR of 3.7 t CO2 ha−1 year−1, which partially offsets well‐established carbon losses from soil from this crop rotation. EW applied in the US Midwest creates measurable improvements to the carbon budgets perennial bioenergy crops and conventional row crops.
Cdc7 kinase is required for postnatal brain development
Authors: Hori Karin , Yamazaki Satoshi , Ohtaka‐Maruyama Chiaki , Ono Tomio , Iguchi Tomohiro , Masai Hisao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe evolutionally conserved Cdc7 kinase plays crucial roles in initiation of DNA replication as well as in other chromosomal events. To examine the roles of Cdc7 in brain development, we have generated mice carrying Cdc7 knockout in neural stem cells by using Nestin‐Cre. The Cdc7Fl/Fl NestinCre mice were born, but exhibited severe growth retardation and impaired postnatal brain development. These mice exhibited motor dysfunction within 9 days after birth and did not survive for more than 19 days. The cerebral cortical layer formation was impaired, although the cortical cell numbers were not altered in the mutant. In the cerebellum undergoing hypoplasia, granule cells (CGC) decreased in number in Cdc7Fl/F lNestinCre mice compared to the control at E15‐18, suggesting that Cdc7 is required for DNA replication and cell proliferation of CGC at mid embryonic stage (before embryonic day 15). On the other hand, the Purkinje cell numbers were not altered but its layer formation was impaired in the mutant. These results indicate differential roles of Cdc7 in DNA replication/cell proliferation in brain. Furthermore, the defects of layer formation suggest a possibility that Cdc7 may play an additional role in cell migration during neural development.
Influence of physical activity on endothelial function in people living with HIV
Authors: Preveden Andrej , Čolović Petar , Garipi Enis , Bogdan Maja , Preveden Mihaela , Marić Daniela , Brkić Snežana , Barak Otto 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionDecreased physical activity is a major cardiovascular risk factor that is particularly pronounced in people living with HIV (PLHIV), who are more susceptible to endothelial dysfunction and accelerated atherosclerosis than the general population due to multiple mechanisms. The aim of the present study was to analyse whether regular physical activity is capable of improving endothelial function measured by flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD) in PLHIV.MethodsWe performed FMD measurement in 38 PLHIV, along with the assessment of their regular physical activity level using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ).ResultsFlow‐mediated dilatation results in PLHIV were 0.31 ± 0.06 mm and 7.34% ± 1.41% for absolute and relative FMD, respectively. IPAQ results showed that the average weekly level of physical activity was 3631.1 ± 1526.7 MET‐min/week, whereas the average daily sitting time was 287.3 ± 102.7 min/day. Predictors jointly accounted for 48% (adjusted value 42%) of FMD variance. Bootstrapped confidence levels revealed that physical activity had a statistically significant effect on the outcome [beta = 0.517, 2.5% confidence interval (CI) = 0.205, 97.5% CI = 0.752].ConclusionPhysical activity represents a widely available and uncostly tool that is capable of improving endothelial function and overall cardiovascular health in PLHIV.
NEOS: An odour‐induced affect scale for use in the cosmetic industry
Authors: Barbosa Plinio A. , Semenzim Thaís Bellintani , Marques Lucas Murrins , Serpa Alexandre Luiz de Oliveira , Yoshimine Elise , Tobo Patricia 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis work proposes an odour‐induced affect scale for use in the cosmetic industry that relies on the approach that produced the UniGEOS, a universal odour‐related emotional scale from the Swiss Center for Affective Sciences. The Natura Emotion and Odor Scale (NEOS) was built on experiments conducted with a larger set of participants (491) and a set of 35 scents that combine seven commercial perfumes from Natura & Co cosmetic company with 28 odours from different olfactory classes important for the cosmetic industry. The results showed the stability of 60 Emotion‐Related terms in Brazilian Portuguese split into five emotion‐related dimensions: Romance, Attention, Energy, Well‐being and Negative feelings. The association of the scents evoking these five dimensions has direct implications in the design of new products.
Influence of sand rice (Agriophyllum squarrosum) flour substitution on the physicochemical properties, bioactive activities, and in vitro digestibility of wheat bread
Authors: Liu Jiang , Liang Dan , Zhao Changcheng , Fu Liuyang 
Published: August 2023

SummarySand rice (Agriophyllum squarrosum), as the seed of an annual spermaphyte, is generally concerned for its highly valuable nutrients. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sand rice (SR) supplementation on the physicochemical properties, bioactive activities, and in vitro digestibility of wheat flour bread. Results showed that the addition of SR could significantly increase the total phenolic, flavonoid content, and antioxidant activity. Moreover, the SR‐added bread had lower pasting viscosity and enthalpy of gelatinisation. In vitro starch digestion assay showed a higher slow digestion starch content and performed a lower digestibility rate in SR bread, while, in terms of 20% or higher addition levels, bread quality was negatively affected by SR regarding aspect ratio, specific volume, colour profiles, texture properties, and sensory evaluation. Overall, these results indicated that sand rice flour could be a fine replacement for wheat flour in bread formulations to increase the product's nutritional values and functional properties.
Effects of menthol on thirst during surgery patients fasting: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled studies
Authors: Wang Ran , Wang Lin , Liu Ting , Peng Cao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimsWe aim to analyse the effect of menthol on thirst intensity and thirst comfort in surgical patients.BackgroundMenthol has achieved good results in quenching thirst in patients in intensive care units, but its safety and reliability in perioperative fasting patients are unknown.DesignA systematic review with meta‐analysis of intervention studies was performed.Data SourcesWe used Chinese and English databases from their dates of inception to May 2022. Literature was retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINHAL, SinoMed, CNKI, Wanfang and VIP database.Review MethodsTwo reviewers independently examined the records according to the eligibility criteria and extracted the data of each included study.ResultsA total of seven studies were identified in this review, which included 537 surgical patients. Overall, menthol reduced thirst intensity in surgical patients and decreased thirst discomfort. Further subgroup analysis revealed that the menthol intervention significantly improved thirst intensity in surgical patients during preoperative and postoperative fasting periods. The Egger's tests showed no significant bias (p = 0.113 and 0.553, thirst intensity and thirst discomfort, respectively).ConclusionMenthol intervention effectively improved thirst intensity and thirst discomfort during fasting in surgical patients, but more large‐scale, multicentre randomized controlled trials are required to confirm these findings further.
Effect of insertion site on tunnelled haemodialysis catheter outcomes: an observational study of 967 catheters
Authors: Yaxley Julian , Gately Ryan , Scott Tahira , Kurtkoti Jagadeesh , Mantha Murty 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe right internal jugular vein is the preferred approach to tunnelled haemodialysis catheter placement. However, the effect of the insertion site on long‐term catheter outcomes remains uncertain.AimsWe aimed to analyse a large cohort of tunnelled haemodialysis catheter placements to compare short‐term and long‐term results according to central venous catheter location.MethodsA retrospective cohort study was performed on consecutive tunnelled catheter insertions at two centres over 7 years. The primary outcome was catheter survival, compared according to the central vein site. We used the Kaplan–Meier curve method and Cox proportional hazards modelling to determine the effect of the catheterisation route on primary patency, adjusted for clinical risk factors for catheter failure.ResultsThere were 967 tunnelled dialysis catheter placements in 620 patients. The median survival for right internal jugular vein catheters was 569 days. There were no differences in rates of catheter failure between right internal jugular, left internal jugular (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52–1.21), external jugular (HR, 0.79; CI, 0.33–3.13), subclavian (HR, 0.67; CI, 0.58–2.44) and femoral vein (HR, 1.20; CI, 0.36–1.33) catheters following multivariable analysis. There were no major differences in functionality or complications between the groups.ConclusionsThis study identified no statistically significant relationship between tunnelled haemodialysis catheter insertion site and catheter survival. The contemporary approach to dialysis vascular access should be tailored to specific patient circumstances.
Association of periodontitis with cognitive decline and its progression: Contribution of blood‐based biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease to this relationship
Authors: Carballo Álvaro , López‐Dequidt Iria , Custodia Antía , Botelho João , Aramburu‐Núñez Marta , Machado Vanessa , Pías‐Peleteiro Juan Manuel , Ouro Alberto , Romaus‐Sanjurjo Daniel , Vázquez‐Vázquez Laura , Jiménez‐Martín Isabel , Aguiar Pablo , Rodríguez‐Yáñez Manuel , Aldrey José Manuel , Blanco Juan , Castillo José , Sobrino Tomás , Leira Yago 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimTo assess whether periodontitis is associated with cognitive decline and its progression as well as with certain blood‐based markers of Alzheimer's disease.Materials and MethodsData from a 2‐year follow‐up prospective cohort study (n = 101) was analysed. Participants with a previous history of hypertension and aged ≥60 years were included in the analysis. All of them received a full‐mouth periodontal examination and cognitive function assessments (Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE) and Mini‐Mental State Examination [MMSE]). Plasma levels of amyloid beta (Aβ)1‐40, Aβ1‐42, phosphorylated and total Tau (p‐Tau and t‐Tau) were determined at baseline, 12 and 24 months.ResultsPeriodontitis was associated with poor cognitive performance (MMSE: β = −1.5 [0.6]) and progression of cognitive impairment (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.8; 95% confidence interval: 1.0–3.1). Subjects with periodontitis showed greater baseline levels of p‐Tau (1.6 [0.7] vs. 1.2 [0.2] pg/mL, p < .001) and Aβ1‐40 (242.1 [77.3] vs. 208.2 [73.8] pg/mL, p = .036) compared with those without periodontitis. Concentrations of the latter protein also increased over time only in the periodontitis group (p = .005).ConclusionsPeriodontitis is associated with cognitive decline and its progression in elderly patients with a previous history of hypertension. Overexpression of p‐Tau and Aβ1‐40 may play a role in this association.