bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exogenous taurine administration abates reproductive dysfunction in male rats exposed to silver nanoparticles
Authors: Adedara Isaac A. , Ileola‐Gold Ayomitan V. , Adelaja Uthman A. , Njoku Chiwueze A. , Ikeji Cynthia N. , Owoeye Olatunde , Farombi Ebenezer O. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe broad contemporary applications of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been associated with various toxicities including reproductive toxicity. Taurine is well acknowledged for its potent pharmacological role in numerous disease models and chemically‐mediated toxicity. We investigated the effect of taurine on AgNPs‐induced reproductive toxicity in male rats. The animals were intraperitoneally injected with AgNPs (200 μg/kg) alone or co‐administered with taurine at 50 and 100 mg/kg for 21 successive days. Exogenous taurine administration significantly abated AgNPs‐induced oxidative injury by decreasing the levels of oxidative stress indices while boosting antioxidant enzymes activities and glutathione level in the hypothalamus, testes and epididymis of exposed animals. Taurine administration alleviated AgNPs‐induced inflammatory response and caspase‐3 activity, an apoptotic biomarker. Moreover, taurine significantly improved spermiogram, reproductive hormones and the marker enzymes of testicular function in AgNPs‐treated animals. The ameliorative effect of taurine on pathological lesions induced by AgNPs in the exposed animals was substantiated by histopathological data. This study provides the first mechanistic evidence that taurine supplementation affords therapeutic effect against reproductive dysfunction associated with AgNPs exposure in male rats.
6‐Shogaol prevents benzo (A) pyrene‐exposed lung carcinogenesis via modulating PRDX1‐associated oxidative stress, inflammation, and proliferation in mouse models
Authors: Pan Shuang , Li Yaming , Zhang Jinzhao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, we have investigated the chemopreventive role of 6‐shogaol (6‐SGL) on benzopyrene (BaP) exposed lung carcinogenesis by modulating PRDX1‐associated oxidative stress, inflammation, and proliferation in Swiss albino mouse models. Mice were exposed to BaP (50 mg/kg b.wt) orally twice a week for four consecutive weeks and maintained for 16 weeks, respectively. 6‐SGL (30 mg/kg b.wt) were orally administered to mouse 1 h before BaP exposure for 16 weeks. After the experiment's termination, 6‐SGL (30 mg/kg b.wt) prevented the loss in body weight, increased lung weight, and the total number of tumors in the mice. Moreover, we observed that 6‐SGL treatment reverted the activity of BaP‐induced lipid peroxidation and antioxidants in mice. Also, 6‐SGL impeded the phosphorylation of MAPK family proteins such as Erk1, p38, and Jnk1 in BaP‐exposed mice. PRDX1 is an essential antioxidant protein that scavenges toxic radicals and enhances several antioxidant proteins. Overexpression of PRDX1 substantially inhibits MAPKs, proliferation, and inflammation signaling axis. Hence, PRDX1 is thought to be a novel targeting protein for preventing BaP‐induced lung cancer. In this study, we have obtained the 6‐SGL treatment in a mouse model that reverted BaP‐induced depletion of PRDX1 expression. Moreover, pretreatment of 6‐SGL (30 mg/kg b.wt) significantly inhibited enhanced proinflammatory cytokines (TNF‐α, IL‐6, IL‐β1, IL‐10) and proliferative markers (Cyclin‐D1, Cyclin‐D2, and PCNA) in BaP‐exposed mice. The histopathological studies also confirmed that 6‐SGL effectively protected the cells with less damage. Thus, the study demonstrated that 6‐SGL could be a potential phytochemical and act as a chemopreventive agent in BaP‐induced lung cancer by enhancing PRDX1 expression.
Ergebnisse zur Reduzierung von subkutanem Fettgewebe mithilfe eines neuartigen, auf Mikrowellentechnologie basierenden Body-Contouring-Systems
Authors: Bonan Paolo , Coli Federica 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Im vergangenen Jahrzehnt hat der Body-Shaping-Markt kontinuierliche Zuwächse verzeichnet. Um die Verfahren zur Reduzierung von lokalen Fettansammlungen zu verbessern, wurde eine neuartige Methode entwickelt, die sich speziell auf subkutanes Körperfett konzentriert.

Studienziel
Ziel dieser Studie ist es nachzuweisen, dass ein neuartiges Mikrowellengerät mit einer Frequenz von 2,45 GHz bei der Reduzierung von Fettzellen sichtbare Ergebnisse mit größerer Sicherheit und Beständigkeit erzielt.

Materialien und Methoden
Neunzehn gesunde Patienten – 10 Frauen und 9 Männer – (im Alter von 24 bis 55 Jahren, was einem Altersdurchschnitt von 39 Jahren entspricht) und sichtbaren Fettansammlungen im Bauchbereich erhielten 3 Mikrowellenbehandlungssitzungen (im Abstand von jeweils 4 Wochen) unter Verwendung des neuen Onda Plus Body Shaping-Systems (von DEKA, Italien). Dieses Gerät verwendet einen Mikrowellenapplikator mit einer Frequenz von 2,45 GHz und einer integrierten Kühlung für einen optimalen Behandlungskomfort des Patienten während der Anwendung. Es wurde ein geeignetes Behandlungsprotokoll festgelegt, das ca. 10 min lang in jedem Behandlungsbereich angewandt wurde. Vor Beginn der Behandlung haben alle Patienten eine Einwilligungserklärung sowie ein Fotofreigabeformular unterzeichnet. Vor jeder Behandlungssitzung wurden folgende Daten erfasst: Körpergewicht, Größe, Taillenumfang sowie Fotos. Alle zu behandelnden Bereiche wurden im Stehen mit einem hautverträglichen weißen Stift vorgezeichnet. Ausgeschlossen wurden adipöse Patienten und solche, bei denen die Fettablagerungen über den gesamten Körper verteilt waren oder deren Haut sich in einem Zustand irreversibler Schlaffheit befand. Bei jedem Patienten wurde eine Blutuntersuchung durchgeführt – sowohl vor Beginn der Behandlung (T0) als auch am Ende des gesamten Behandlungsprotokolls (T3).

Ergebnisse
Sämtliche Patienten erfüllten die Einschluss‑/Ausschlusskriterien der Studie und unterzeichneten eine Einwilligungserklärung. Die 19 gesunden Erwachsenen wurden in 3 Gruppen aufgeteilt je nach Größe der Bauchfalte (Pinch). Gruppe 1 bestand aus 4 Patienten mit einem Pinch von mehr als 4,5 cm, Gruppe 2 bestand aus 10 Patienten mit einem Pinch von 2,5–4,5 cm, und Gruppe 3 bestand aus 5 Patienten mit einem Pinch von weniger als 2,5 cm. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass beim Follow-up nach 3 Monaten die klinisch messbare Reduzierung des Bauchumfangs bei allen Patienten 3,80 ± 1,21 cm betrug.

Schlussfolgerung
Es hat sich gezeigt, dass das mikrowellenbasierte Body-Contouring-System sicher und effektiv für die Reduzierung des Bauchumfangs verwendet werden kann. Es wurden weder starke Schmerzen noch merkliches Unbehagen während einer der Behandlungssitzungen berichtet.
Pyramiding Fusarium head blight resistance QTL from T. aestivum, T. dicoccum and T. dicoccoides in durum wheat
Authors: Kirana Rizky Pasthika , Michel Sebastian , Moreno-Amores Jose , Prat Noemie , Lemmens Marc , Buerstmayr Maria , Buerstmayr Hermann , Steiner Barbara 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Key message
FHB resistance of durum wheat was improved by introgression of Fhb1 and resistance genes from emmer wheat and by selection against adverse alleles of elite durum wheat.

Abstract
Durum wheat is particularly susceptible to Fusarium head blight (FHB) and breeding for resistance is impeded by the low genetic variation within the elite gene pool. To extend the genetic basis for FHB resistance in durum wheat, we analyzed 603 durum wheat lines from crosses of elite durum wheat with resistance donors carrying resistance alleles derived from Triticum aestivum, T. dicoccum and T. dicoccoides. The lines were phenotyped for FHB resistance, anthesis date, and plant height in artificially inoculated disease nurseries over 5 years. A broad variation was found for all traits, while anthesis date and plant height strongly influenced FHB severities. To correct for spurious associations, we adjusted FHB scorings for temperature fluctuations during the anthesis period and included plant height as a covariate in the analysis. This resulted in the detection of seven quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting FHB severities. The hexaploid wheat-derived Fhb1 QTL was most significant on reducing FHB severities, highlighting its successful introgression into several durum wheat backgrounds. For two QTL on chromosomes 1B and 2B, the resistance alleles originated from the T. dicoccum line Td161 and T. dicoccoides accessions Mt. Hermon#22 and Mt. Gerizim#36, respectively. The other four QTL featured unfavorable alleles derived from elite durum wheat that increased FHB severities, with a particularly negative effect on chromosome 6A that simultaneously affected plant height and anthesis date. Therefore, in addition to pyramiding resistance genes, selecting against adverse alleles present in elite durum wheat could be a promising avenue in breeding FHB-resistant durum wheat.
Dense forests constructed from grids
Authors: Shirandami Victor 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA dense forest is a set $$F \subset {\mathbb {R}}^n$$

F
⊂

R

n

with the property that for all $$\varepsilon > 0$$

ε
>
0

there exists a number $$V(\varepsilon ) > 0$$

V
(
ε
)
>
0

such that all line segments of length $$V(\varepsilon )$$

V
(
ε
)

are $$\varepsilon $$
ε
-close to a point in F. The function V is called a visibility function of F. In this paper we study dense forests constructed from finite unions of translated lattices (grids). First, we provide a necessary and sufficient condition for a finite union of grids to be a dense forest in terms of the irrationality properties of the matrices defining them. This answers a question raised by Adiceam, Solomon, and Weiss (J Lond Math Soc 105: 1167–1199, 2022). To complement this, we further show that such sets generically admit effective visibility bounds in the following sense: for all $$\eta > 0$$

η
>
0

, there exists a $$k \in {\mathbb {N}}$$

k
∈
N

such that almost all unions of k grids are dense forests admitting a visibility function $$V(\varepsilon ) \ll \varepsilon ^{-(n-1) -\eta }$$

V

(
ε
)

≪

ε

-
(
n
-
1
)
-
η

. This is arbitrarily close to optimal in the sense that if a finite union of grids admits a visibility function V, then this function necessarily satisfies $$V(\varepsilon ) \gg \varepsilon ^{-(n-1)}$$

V

(
ε
)

≫

ε

-
(
n
-
1
)

. One of the main novelties of this work is that the notion of ‘almost all’ is considered with respect to several underlying measures, which are defined according to the Iwasawa decomposition of the matrices used to define the grids. In this respect, the results obtained here vastly extend those of Adiceam, Solomon, and Weiss (2022) who provided similar effective visibility bounds for a particular family of generic unimodular lattices.
Colocalization of expression transcripts with COVID-19 outcomes is rare across cell states, cell types and organs
Authors: Willett Julian Daniel Sunday , Lu Tianyuan , Nakanishi Tomoko , Yoshiji Satoshi , Butler-Laporte Guillaume , Zhou Sirui , Farjoun Yossi , Richards J. Brent 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIdentifying causal genes at GWAS loci can help pinpoint targets for therapeutic interventions. Expression studies can disentangle such loci but signals from expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) often fail to colocalize—which means that the genetic control of measured expression is not shared with the genetic control of disease risk. This may be because gene expression is measured in the wrong cell type, physiological state, or organ. We tested whether Mendelian randomization (MR) could identify genes at loci influencing COVID-19 outcomes and whether the colocalization of genetic control of expression and COVID-19 outcomes was influenced by cell type, cell stimulation, and organ. We conducted MR of cis-eQTLs from single cell (scRNA-seq) and bulk RNA sequencing. We then tested variables that could influence colocalization, including cell type, cell stimulation, RNA sequencing modality, organ, symptoms of COVID-19, and SARS-CoV-2 status among individuals with symptoms of COVID-19. The outcomes used to test colocalization were COVID-19 severity and susceptibility as assessed in the Host Genetics Initiative release 7. Most transcripts identified using MR did not colocalize when tested across cell types, cell state and in different organs. Most that did colocalize likely represented false positives due to linkage disequilibrium. In general, colocalization was highly variable and at times inconsistent for the same transcript across cell type, cell stimulation and organ. While we identified factors that influenced colocalization for select transcripts, identifying 33 that mediate COVID-19 outcomes, our study suggests that colocalization of expression with COVID-19 outcomes is partially due to noisy signals even after following quality control and sensitivity testing. These findings illustrate the present difficulty of linking expression transcripts to disease outcomes and the need for skepticism when observing eQTL MR results, even accounting for cell types, stimulation state and different organs.
Flame Surface Density and Artificially Thickened Flame Combustion Models Applied to a Turbulent Partially-Premixed Flame
Authors: Lomada Sai , Pfitzner Michael , Klein Markus 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Sydney Flame provides an excellent framework for systematic analysis of premixed, partially premixed and non-premixed methane/air combustion. It represents (depending on the axial position from the fuel inlet) non-premixed, partially premixed and fully premixed combustion. We simulate the test case FJ200-5GP-Lr75-57, which represents the partially premixed mode. Large-eddy simulations (LES) are conducted using a flame surface density combustion model (FSD) using one-step chemistry and an artificially thickened flame model (ATF) with a global two-step and an analytically reduced multi-step chemistry reaction mechanism. Unity Lewis numbers are assumed ($$Le=1$$

L
e
=
1

) at first. The FSD and ATF models are compared using the same computational mesh, numerical scheme and boundary conditions. Both models will be analysed regarding their accuracy and computational efficiency in the regime of partially premixed combustion. A comparison of the results points out the strengths and weaknesses of the FSD models. The FSD model with inclusion of flame stretch effects yields good agreement with mean experimental temperature, CO2 and H2O mass fraction distributions in contrast to the ATF model using the global two-step mechanism, which overestimates downstream temperature, CO2 and H2O mass fractions. The FSD model performs well in all regions, which are dominated first by premixed, then partially premixed and finally non-premixed combustion along the flame. The ATF multi-step chemistry shows good results only in the premixed mode region, while mean temperature, CO2 and mass fractions are overestimated in the non-premixed mode regions at higher mixture fraction values. Including differential diffusion into the transport equations improved the ATF model results in comparison with experiments. A mesh study revealed, that the ATF model performs only after mesh refinement. In particular results are improved in the non-premixed combustion region. In contrast, the FSD model is less resolution sensitive and performs very well for both meshes. An evaluation of the Wasserstein metric provides a quantitative assessment of different ATF model setups on simulation accuracy. Finally, computational times for all simulation setups are compared.
ProgPrompt: program generation for situated robot task planning using large language models
Authors: Singh Ishika , Blukis Valts , Mousavian Arsalan , Goyal Ankit , Xu Danfei , Tremblay Jonathan , Fox Dieter , Thomason Jesse , Garg Animesh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTask planning can require defining myriad domain knowledge about the world in which a robot needs to act. To ameliorate that effort, large language models (LLMs) can be used to score potential next actions during task planning, and even generate action sequences directly, given an instruction in natural language with no additional domain information. However, such methods either require enumerating all possible next steps for scoring, or generate free-form text that may contain actions not possible on a given robot in its current context. We present a programmatic LLM prompt structure that enables plan generation functional across situated environments, robot capabilities, and tasks. Our key insight is to prompt the LLM with program-like specifications of the available actions and objects in an environment, as well as with example that can be executed. We make concrete recommendations about prompt structure and generation constraints through ablation experiments, demonstrate state of the art success rates in VirtualHome household tasks, and deploy our method on a physical robot arm for tabletop tasks. Website and code at progprompt.github.io
FOXO1-regulated lncRNA CYP1B1-AS1 suppresses breast cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting neddylation
Authors: Tang Li , Wei Da , Xu Xinyu , Mo Dongping , Cheng Daofu , Yan Feng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Overactivated neddylation is considered to be a common event in cancer. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) can regulate cancer development by mediating post-translational modifications. However, the role of lncRNA in neddylation modification remains unclear.

Methods
LncRNA cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily B member 1 antisense RNA 1 (CYP1B1-AS1) expression in breast cancer tissues was evaluated by RT-PCR and TCGA BRCA data. Gain and loss of function experiments were performed to explore the role of CYP1B1-AS1 in breast cancer cell proliferation and apoptosis in vitro and in vivo. Luciferase assay, CHIP-qPCR assay, transcriptome sequencing, RNA-pulldown assay, mass spectrometry, RIP-PCR and Western blot were used to investigate the regulatory factors of CYP1B1-AS1 expression and the molecular mechanism of CYP1B1-AS1 involved in neddylation modification.

Results
We found that CYP1B1-AS1 was down-regulated in breast cancer tissues and correlated with prognosis. In vivo and in vitro functional experiments confirmed that CYP1B1-AS1 inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, CYP1B1-AS1 was regulated by the transcription factor, forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), and could be upregulated by inhibiting the PI3K/FOXO1 pathway. Moreover, CYP1B1-AS1 bound directly to NEDD8 activating enzyme E1 subunit 1 (NAE1) to regulate protein neddylation.

Conclusion
This study reports for the first time that CYP1B1-AS1 inhibits protein neddylation to affect breast cancer cell proliferation, which provides a new strategy for the treatment of breast cancer by lncRNA targeting neddylation modification.
Attitudes Towards the Development of Good Practices with Augmented Reality in Secondary Education Teachers in Spain
Authors: Marín-Marín José-Antonio , López-Belmonte Jesús , Pozo-Sánchez Santiago , Moreno-Guerrero Antonio-José 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe attitude of the teaching staff is positioned as a fundamental aspect for the development of good training practices. These good practices are essential when applied within an innovative techno-pedagogical methodology: augmented reality in education. The objectives of this study are to analyze the development of good teaching practices with augmented reality and to discover the factors that influence their quality. A descriptive and correlational design has been carried out. A total of 1490 Spanish Secondary Education teachers have participated. The instrument used was the adaptation to the Spanish context of the questionnaire of the Attitude Scale of Augmented Reality Applications. The results reveal that teachers show a positive attitude towards the use of augmented reality. As for the aspects that influence the good attitude of teachers are age, the number of devices teachers use, the time they dedicate to technological resources and teaching experience. However, ICT training is what determines a direct influence on the attitude of teachers, as well as satisfaction with reliability.
Cytochrome P450 26A1 Contributes to the Maintenance of Neuropathic Pain
Authors: Cao De-Li , Ma Ling-Jie , Jiang Bao-Chun , Gu Qiang , Gao Yong-Jing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe cytochrome P450 proteins (CYP450s) have been implicated in catalyzing numerous important biological reactions and contribute to a variety of diseases. CYP26A1, a member of the CYP450 family, carries out the oxidative metabolism of retinoic acid (RA), the active metabolite of vitamin A. Here we report that CYP26A1 was dramatically upregulated in the spinal cord after spinal nerve ligation (SNL). CYP26A1 was mainly expressed in spinal neurons and astrocytes. HPLC analysis displayed that the content of all-trans-RA (at-RA), the substrate of CYP26A1, was reduced in the spinal cord on day 7 after SNL. Inhibition of CYP26A1 by siRNA or inhibition of CYP26A1-mediated at-RA catabolism by talarozole relieved the SNL-induced mechanical allodynia during the maintenance phase of neuropathic pain. Talarozole also reduced SNL-induced glial activation and proinflammatory cytokine production but increased anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) production. The RA receptors RARα, RXRβ, and RXRγ were expressed in spinal neurons and glial cells. The promoter of Il-10 has several binding sites for RA receptors, and at-RA directly increased Il-10 mRNA expression in vitro. Finally, intrathecal IL-10 attenuated SNL-induced neuropathic pain and reduced the activation of astrocytes and microglia. Collectively, the inhibition of CYP26A1-mediated at-RA catabolism alleviates SNL-induced neuropathic pain by promoting the expression of IL-10 and suppressing glial activation. CYP26A1 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of neuropathic pain.
Evolution of Semi-Kantian Preferences in Two-Player Assortative Interactions with Complete and Incomplete Information and Plasticity
Authors: Alger Ingela , Lehmann Laurent 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe model the evolution of preferences guiding behavior in pairwise interactions in group-structured populations. The model uses long-term evolution theory to examine different interaction scenarios, including conditional preference expression upon recognition of the partner’s type. We apply the model to the evolution of semi-Kantian preferences at the fitness level, which combine self-interest and a Kantian interest evaluating own behavior in terms of consequences for own fitness if the partner also adopted this behavior. We seek the convergence stable and uninvadable value of the Kantian coefficient, i.e., the weight attached to the Kantian interest, a quantitative trait varying between zero and one. We consider three scenarios: (a) incomplete information; (b) complete information and incomplete plasticity; and (c) complete information and complete plasticity, where individuals not only recognize the type of their interaction partner (complete information), but also conditionally express the Kantian coefficient upon it (complete plasticity). For (a), the Kantian coefficient generally evolves to equal the coefficient of neutral relatedness between interacting individuals; for (b), it evolves to a value that depends on demographic and interaction assumptions, while for (c) there are generally multiple uninvadable types, including the type whereby an individual is a pure Kantian when interacting with individuals of the same type and applies the Kantian coefficient that is uninvadable under complete information with zero relatedness when interacting with a different typed individual. Overall, our model connects several concepts for analysing the evolution of behavior rules for strategic interactions that have been emphasized in different and sometimes isolated studies.