bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychological Effects of Arbuscular Mychorrhiza Fungi Reducing Chemical Fertilizer on The Growth of Oil Palm Seedling
Authors: Mohd Nizar K , Tan C C , Elya Masya M F 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are fungi that form a symbiotic relationship with plant roots, supplying nutrients such as phosphorus. AMF can absorb, accumulate, and transport large amounts of phosphate in their hyphae before releasing it to plant cells in root tissues. The purpose of this research is to assess the feasibility of using AMF to reduce fertiliser levels in oil palm seedlings. Plant growth, foliar and rachis status, gas exchange, soil physiochemical, and spore count are among the parameters measured and analysed. Treatments were arranged in a randomized completed block design (RCBD) with 10 replications in four blocks. The finding showed that reducing Tekam Organic Fertilizer (TOF) and Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium fertiliser rates by 15% with AMF could have an effect on plant growth differences (height, number of leaves, girth size, chlorophyll and leaf area)Total biomass, leaf weight ratio (LWR), and root-shoot ratio all have had significant relationships with growth performance. Furthermore, a significant correlation was found between net photosynthesis and stomatal conductance For plant growth data (palm height, number of leaves, and leaves area (LA) and root biomass of oil palm seedlings, the use of AMF has the potential to reduce the use of Tekam Organic Fertilizer (TOF) and Nitrogen Phosphate Potassium (NPK) fertilisers by 15%. The soil analysis results confirmed that the application increases plant growth, which increases availability.
Quantification of environmental impact potentials within the processes of industrial wastewater treatment system
Authors: Hijrah N , Syakir M I , Syah B I 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
New innovative management system of industrial wastewater is vital to address the current water demands, energy generation, resource conservation, and mitigating environmental impact from the wastewater treatment processes. For these reasons, the impact assessment of industrial wastewater treatment plant is imperative. Here, we quantified the environmental impact potentials within the processes in the wastewater treatment system considering the life cycle perspective. The treatment system comprises chemical and biological phases. The findings showed that hazardous waste (53.4%) appears as the major contributor of the impact potentials, followed by chemical consumption (38.3%), and electricity (7.5%). Other elements such as activated carbon (0.5%), cationic resin (0.2%), anionic resin (0.03%), and enzymes (0.009%) are relatively smalls in terms of the impact. The reuse of hazardous waste for heat recovery system is one of the initiatives to reduce the impact from hazardous waste generation by 12.2% for 1 m3 of treated water. This assessment may serve as a snapshot on the life cycle perspective of industrial wastewater management system in line with circular economy model that emphasizes rethink, reduce, reuse, and recovery efforts in industrial wastewater treatment management systems.
Seasonal dynamics in relation to groundwater quality in Sharada industrial area of Kano Metropolis, Nigeria
Authors: Suleiman H A , Hanafiah M M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study examined the seasonal dynamics in relation to groundwater quality in the Sharada industrial area of the Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. The study samples were collected from groundwater within 500 m distance from industries and residences within the study area. The study samples for the dry season were collected in January, February and March of 2021 while the wet season samples were collected in July, August and September of the same year (2021). At each sampling point, samples were taken in triplicate (n=3) to ensure that the results obtained were free from bias. The physical, chemical, biological, and heavy metal characteristics of the samples collected were analysed at the laboratory of the Centre for Dryland Agriculture Bayero University with the use of standard APHA procedures. The results of the water samples were further analysed with mean, standard deviation, and correlation. The results of the analysis revealed that the concentration of copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), Manganese (Mn), total dissolvable solid (TDS), chlorine (Cl), and sodium (Na) in groundwater of Sharada Industrial area are high during the wet season while the concentrations level of total suspended solid (TSS), calcium (Ca), Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Fecal coliform (F.coli) are high during the dry season. Despite the fact that there are more parameters that have higher concentration than permissible limits during the wet season, the dry season was characterised by a higher relationship among water parameters than during the wet season. This led to the conclusion that seasonal differences in groundwater level influence the concentration level and relationship among water parameters in Sharada industrial area. Hence, the water in the Sharada industrial area needs to be treated differently during the wet and dry seasons before consumption.
Dam Break Flood Mapping and Analysis Using Open Source GIS Tool and Data
Authors: Samsudin S H , Zuhaily N A , Setu A , Muda R S , Amin M F M 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe impact of climate change may influence on extreme weather conditions and may lead to high intensity precipitation, which will impact on huge structures such as dam. Although risk mitigation and protection of dams from advanced technical expertise have been reviewed regularly, a maximum non-risk guarantee is not achievable, and incidents may occur due to water that usually flows over a spillway and high-speed discharge or unexpected peak discharge. Hence, the immediate impact of dam failure is on the population at risk near the downstream area. This study evaluates the impact of dam break scenario under probable maximum precipitation (PMF) condition at Puah hydropower dam. The aims of this study are to determine the potential risk area at downstream and to assess the flooding impact on population and public facilities due to dam break event. Integration of an open source GIS tool, Google Satellite Image, Open Street Map, and flood hazard map derived from hydrodynamic model has been used to efficiently analyse the impact of dam break flood by using spatial analysis method, and to generate possible evacuation route network. Analysis has estimated that 187,796 people at risk, 3,177 km of road, 2-unit hospital and 76 amenities (mosque and school) will be impacted. This study portrays the possibility of using open source data and tool as an alternative for emergency preparedness application. The method used in this study could be adopted to other area of interest and disaster event, helping the local authorities for disaster emergency preparedness and early warning systems focusing on rescue work if disaster occurs.
Local variations of landslide factors in Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
Authors: Zulkafli S A , Abd Majid N , Rainis R 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
A landslide is one of the most notorious natural disasters, resulting in massive losses and significant damages. Thus, this paper aims to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of the influencing factors which later inspect the relationship between the factors and landslide occurrences. A total of 988 landslides historical data and eight landslide factors were obtained from proper field validation and maps provided by those concerned in the government, including distance to roads, distance to rivers, distance to faults, slope angle, curvature, slope aspect, land use, and lithology. Geographically Weighted Logistic Regression (GWLR) is introduced in this paper to carry out the local analysis, resulting in the slope angle and the slope aspect playing the most significant role in influencing landslides. The Akaike’s information criterion (AICc) of GWLR is 824.51 which has a lower value than the global regression represented as 906.09 revealing that GWLR is the best model. Other evaluation criteria such as deviance, local percent deviance explained (pdev), and Bayesian information criterion (BIC) also validate the significance of the GWLR model. The GWLR results show the degree of spatial variation in the relationship between landslides and the influencing factors in the study area as the coefficient values of every factor are inconsistent, providing a reference for managers to formulate targeted decision-making measures. In the meantime, urgent action to sustain this natural disaster as suggested in the SDG 13 has to be taken earnestly to avoid bigger impacts on both society and the environment.
Erosion-deposition Prone Assessment Along the Kelantan and Terengganu Coasts Due to Sea Level Rise
Authors: Benson Y A , Hasan M M , Jamal M H , Lee L H , Anthony D , Mohamad K A , Hamzah S B , Othman I K 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The erosion-prone zone is characterised by nearshore sand formed by the combined action of tides, wind, and recurring waves crashing on the beach. By running perpendicular to the coastline and bathymetry, 51 cross-shore sections were chosen from a total of 54 to study longshore transport along the beaches of Kelantan and Terengganu. The hydrodynamic model was used to determine water level, current speed, and spectral density, while the Spectral Wave Model and LitDrift were used to construct boundary wave variables and Net Transport across each sector. The model output was compared to previously published erosion-prone zones in the NCES Report (2015), and the results were agreed. The net transfer varies based on the angle of the coastline, the direction of the waves, and the beach profile. The net transport ranges from -693,000 m3/year to 444,000 m3/year depending on the beach profile, wave direction, and angle of the coastline. Net transit for each section was also calculated for 2030, 2050, and 2100, taking into consideration sea level rise. The most recent IPCC assessment (AR6) was applied to generate SLR forecasts for year 2030, 2050, and 2100. According to the statistics, all sections are expected to increase in year 2030, whereas only 53% and 67% are expected to develop in year 2050 and 2100, respectively. From 2030 to 2050 and 2100 to 2020, total net transport along the Kelantan and Terengganu beaches grows by 9.5%, 10%, and 4.5%, respectively.Net transportation is expected to grow until 2050, then steadily decline until 2100. However, by using a better anticipated wave model, the results of this inquiry can be improved.
Reduction effect on the catalytic performances of NiAl-SPC takovite catalysts in syngas synthesis process
Authors: Abdelsadek Z , Gonzalez-Cortes S , Cherifi O , Halliche D , Masset PJ 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the downstream of the Oil & Gas industry and decline in oil production, the NiAl-HT derived hydrotalciteis a candidate as catalyst to produce syngas in the methane dry reforming process. Hydrotalcite are lamellar compounds of general formulation[M1-x
2+ Mx
3+ (OH) 2]x+[An-] x/n .m H2Owhere the ionic or cationic character can be tuned by the choice of the metal nature and oxidation degree. NiAl-SPC samples were obtained by coprecipitation at constant alkaline pH, then the product was thermal treated at 450°C for 6h to obtain mixed oxides phases. Samples prior and after calcination were characterized by XRD, ICP, BET, FTIR, SEM, TEM, TPR, TGA/DTA and Raman. Catalysts were examined in CO2 dry reforming of methane to examine the influence and the role of the reducibility ability on the catalytic reactivity and stability of NiAl-SPC hydrotalcite generics. They were reduced at 500°C, 600°C, and 700°Cfor 1h to evaluate the effect of its morphology changes on the carbon dioxide reforming of methane carried out at 700°C versus time on stream. It was shown that the reduction conditions strongly influence the reactivity of Ni metallic active phase catalyst, catalytic selectivity and its resistance to carbone deposit for methane reforming by carbon dioxide.This study proposes a further understanding of the synthesis, effects of additives and treatment of hydrotalcite as a catalyst for the DRM reaction. This knowledge will also be beneficial for the development of catalysts for other high temperature industrial applications (ammonia cracking, alcohol to hydrogen conversion...) and for longer term applications such as drug delivery or energy storage materials.
Analysis of Navigation Satellite System based on the Ground Control Points (GCP) at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Authors: Suhaimi K , Sahar N M , Badron K 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study presents data measurements to identify the best navigation system in terms of its positioning accuracy. The data global positioning system measurements is done using a GPS South device measured in four locations which are one random point and three different places based on the Ground Control Points (GCP) in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). The coordinates of these locations are already in the Cassini Soldner Selangor Coordinate system. The results and analysis of signal noise to ratio (SNR) and path loss is discussed to indicate the performance of positioning accuracy among the four existing Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). The Global Positioning System (GPS) signal is dominant in location A and China’s BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) signal is also dominant for other three locations. In general, the BDS signal had the highest number of signals detected in this experiment which is total of 57 signals in four locations. By evaluating the positioning accuracy can improve the environmental studies such as tracking, monitoring, surveying, and mapping of climate change.
Life cycle assessment of carbon capture, utilisation and storage technologies: An analytical review
Authors: Chelvam K , Hanafiah M M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The impact of climate change is more evident now than ever due to the environmental burden accumulated over the past two decades. Decarbonising methods such as carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) technologies are the future of the green economy and are considered one of the most significant alternatives for mitigating carbon emissions. Therefore, this review mainly focuses on life cycle assessment (LCA), the current state-of-the-art tool to determine the environmental performance of the technologies. This paper aims to assess papers published from the year 2019 to 2022 from all around the world to understand the trend, challenges, and prospects of CCUS technologies in reducing carbon and environmental impacts. This review concludes that the employment of carbon capture technologies can significantly reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions but also increase other environmental burdens such as acidification, eutrophication and ecotoxicity depending on the type of carbon capture method used, energy penalty and the rate of oxides of nitrogen (NOx) emitted from the carbon capture infrastructure. Furthermore, Carbon Capture Utilisation (CCU) is a viable option to be employed in industries mainly to produce chemicals and use the captured carbon directly to combat GHG emissions with the proper modification of the carbon conversion method of the plant and the application of renewable energy. Although the Carbon Capture Storage (CCS) technology has an overall great impact on reducing Global Warming Potential (GWP), the increasing demand for fuel for the infrastructure causes environmental trade-offs with an increase in GHG emissions and other impact categories. The findings of this research would help in developing and implementing improvised methods and will provide a clear view of the prospects of CCUS technologies which will assist in decision-making.
Simplification techniques of CFD simulations and experimental validation for fluid flow analysis in PEM fuel cells: A review
Authors: Sarjuni C T A , Lim B H , Majlan E H , Rosli M I 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Studies on proton exchange membrane fuel cells [PEMFCs] have shown that poor fluid distribution can lead to a higher probability of concentration, ohmic, and activation losses which affects the overall electrochemical and power output performance as well as reduced cell durability. Hence, understanding fluid dynamics are imperative to identify strategies that will improve the fluid distribution uniformity and optimise reactant transport. Most fluid flow studies for PEMFCs are done through computational fluid dynamic [CFD] simulations as it is a cost-saving research method with dependable accuracy levels. In some cases, real-life experiments are executed concurrently to justify the simulation results and theories made. However, there are instances where simplifications are needed for both CFD simulations and experiments for easier and clearer fluid analysis. This short review will first discuss the simplification strategies used to simulate PEMFC models in both 2-dimensional [2D] and 3-dimensional [3D] dimensions, covering theories or concepts that can prove the dependability of the methods employed. Then, the next part will explain the validation techniques applied to justify simulation results, including the types of measuring methods employed to generate the clearest capture of fluid flow and behaviour in the PEMFC models. The overall discussion will provide a better insight into choosing a suitable combination of simplification, validation, and measuring methods for increased quality and accuracy of future studies on fluid flow analysis.
Modified combination of triple split ring resonator based triple band single negative metamaterial for satellite applications
Authors: Hossain M B , Faruque M R I , Abdullah S 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper investigates a modified combination of triple split ring resonator (SRR) based triple band single negative metamaterial for satellite applications. The proposed unit cell structure has a triple split ring resonator i.e. square, circular and rhombus shape. The lower plane completely encloses the FR-4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm, on top of which the metallic resonating structure with thickness of 0.035 mm is attached. The structure provides quad band resonances of transmission coefficient (S21) at 2.02 (S-band), 6.77 (C-band), and 13.22 (Ku-band) GHz with magnitude of -27.8, -23.2, and -27.2 dB, respectively and also offers the wider bandwidth. The plot of relative permittivity, permeability, refractive index and impedance is used to explain the metamaterial behavior. Additionally, a plot of the electromagnetic field and surface current analysis for a separate frequency that belongs to the S, C, and Ku band makes the unit cell structure to help illustrate the metamaterial behavior. The effective medium ratio (EMR) of the structure is 14.85, demonstrating its compactness. The performance of the structure is validated through the simulation result using CST Microwave Studio and HFSS simulator. The suggested structure will be a possible option for satellite communication (S, C and Ku-band) because of wider bandwidth and excellent EMR.
Characteristics of consumer towards development of sustainable e-waste management in Malaysia
Authors: Sofian D D , Hanafiah M M , Woon K S , Hassan F M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The problem of rising electronic waste or known as e-waste generation has not only been faced worldwide, but has also had a significant impact on Malaysia, since it has become a serious environmental concern and contribute to the effect on human health, especially in major urban area. Many initiatives have been done to address the concern of improper e-waste management. Thus, this study intends to determine household characteristics of consumer behaviour toward managing e-waste in an environmentally sound manner as a first step in alleviating the problem. Putrajaya a government administrative centre, was chosen as the case study to represent Malaysia’s paradigm of sustainable urban cities. A constructive questionnaire was distributed to 50 Putrajaya households using random sampling, and the data was analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics version 28 and Microsoft Excel. It was discovered that >40% of respondents have good understanding about e-waste management based on their levels of awareness, knowledge, and perception that have significant influence on attitudes toward e-waste management. Furthermore, views regarding e-waste management on impact of recycling behaviour were also determined. On the other hand, the consumers demonstrate a good attribute (80%) in terms of their willingness to make changes toward a sustainable e-waste management. This study provides important information to policymakers, allowing them to take the required steps to increase recycling among Putrajaya homes while also considerably improving e-waste management.
Assessment of household-level adaptation strategy to flood in East Coast Malaysia
Authors: Nor Diana M I , Nurul Atikah Z 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The increase of flood-related event has affected not only property damage but also casualties among the community that lives in a flood-prone area. Increasing risk of exposure to the flood-related event will consequently affect the livelihoods of a community. Therefore, the adaptive capacity of a community is vital for farmers to be resilient in any disaster or risk-related situation. Thus, this study will determine a household-level adaptation strategy to flood on the east coast of Malaysia by using the assessment of the Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI). 100 paddy farmers living in Kota Bharu Kelantan were chosen as the respondents and the analysis of this study focuses on the adaptive capacity of the respondents. Indicators such as sociodemographic profile, livelihood strategies, and social network is used to assess farmers’ vulnerability and their adaptation capacity. Overall finding of the study shows that the paddy farmers’ household is in less vulnerable to flood events (0.36813). The result shows that social network (0.5275) is the least indicator to have higher adaptive capacity compared to indicators like livelihood strategies (0.3883) and sociodemographic profile (0.3485). The element of adaptive capacity is crucial to increase household resilience as well as to sustain the need of a household and decrease their vulnerability to a natural disaster such as flood. Therefore, assistance from the government and non-government agencies is needed to assist and support this community to promote well-being and quality of life.
Screening and optimization of a novel gallic acid and tannase production under semi quantitative and quantitative methods
Authors: Abdulshaheed A A , Hanafiah M M , Muslim S N 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Tannin acyl hydrolase as the common name of tannase is an inducible extracellular enzyme that causes the hydrolysis of galloyl ester and depside bonds in tannins, yielding gallic acid and glucose. The main objective of this study is to find a novel gallic acid and tannase produced by Acinetobacter Baumannii. A number of optimization steps were followed in order to improve the highest production of gallic acid and tannase. In present study, A. baumannii were isolated from ICU burn. A. baumannii was examined by microscopic examination, morphological and biochemical assay including oxidase and catalase. The following parameters were considered and determined the effect of pH, temperature, incubation period and inoculum volume on gallic acid and tannase production. It was observed that A. baumannii gave the highest yields of gallic acid and tannase using semi-quantitative and quantitative methods. A novel A. baumannii stimulated production of gallic acid and tannase using 0.5% tannic acid in agar medium. The maximum production of gallic acid and tannase by A. baumannii was recorded at pH 5.5, temperature at 37°C, 72h of incubation period and 10% of the inoculum volume. The results concluded that the highest yields of gallic acid (47.54 mg/ml) and tannase (50.12U/mg) were obtained under improved conditions.