bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The cloning and expression of the two types of kisspeptin gene in hard-lipped barb (Osteochilus vittatus)
Authors: PRAYOGO NORMAN ARIE , RAHAYU SAFITRI CITRA , SUGITO PUTRI PRAHASTUTI AYU , MEYANADEWI SRI BAYUN , SUKARDI PURNAMA , ROSITA RITA EKA , BESSHO YASUMASA 
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Prayogo NA, Rahayu SC, Sugito PPA, Meyanadewi SB, Sukardi P, Rositas RE, Bessho Y. 2023. The cloning and expression of the two types of kisspeptin gene in hard-lipped barb (Osteochilus vittatus). Biodiversitas 24: 2797-2804. Hard-lipped barb (Osteochillus vittatus Valenciennes, 1842) is a native Indonesian species with many benefits for economic, aquaculture, and environmental sustainability. Several studies showed that the species had high reproductive potential, with kisspeptin gene playing a role in reproductive hormone production and GnRH secretion. Kisspetin gene is also important for gonad maturation in fish. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the structure of Kiss-1 and Kiss-2 genes, as well as the expression of the kisspeptin gene in the hypothalamus and gonads in each phase of female hard-lipped barb development.The study procedure involved several stages, including organ preparation, isolation, sequence identification, and measurement of cGnRH gene expression. The structure of Kiss-1 gene in hard-lipped barb was obtained, and the nucleotide sequence had a product length of 213, coding for 89 amino acids. Meanwhile, Kiss-2 consisted of 230 nucleotides, coding for 76 amino acids, and the sequences observed had 70-80% with other fish species. The results showed that the expression values of Kiss-1 and Kiss-2 genes in the hypothalamus were higher compared to the gonads, with the lowest in the adult phase and the highest in the Juvenile phase. This information will lead us to use the kisspeptin gene to increase hard-lipped barb reproduction.
Floristic composition and structure of Eurycoma longifolia habitat in Muka Kuning Nature Tourism Park, Riau Islands, Indonesia
Authors: SUSILOWATI ARIDA , RACHMAT HENTI HENDALASTUTI , YULITA KUSUMADEWI SRI , WIJAYA KESUMA 
Published: June 2023

Abstract. Susilowati A, Rachmat HH, Yulita KS, Wijaya K. 2023. Floristic composition and structure of Eurycoma longifolia habitat in Muka Kuning Nature Tourism Park, Riau Islands, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 24: 2836-2842. Eurycoma longifolia Jack, locally called as pasak bumi,is a popular medicinal plant which is known to have properties in curing various diseases. The root of E. longifolia is the organ that has the highest aphrodisiac content so hunting for the roots of E. longifolia destructively causes a significant population decline. Information regarding vegetation community around the habitat of this species is crucial in determining appropriate conservation actions. Muka Kuning Nature Tourism Park (TWA) located in Batam Island, Riau Islands Province is one of the natural habitats of E. longifolia, yet information regarding the state of vegetation in this area has not been obtained. This study aims to determine the floristic composition and structure of vegetation in the habitat of E. longifolia in Muka Kuning Nature Tourism Park focusing on the parameters of Important Value Index (IVI) and biodiversity indices. Vegetation analysis was applied using purposive sampling method based on the presence of E. longifolia individuals. The results showed that the IVI of E. longifolia at the growth stage of seedlings, saplings, poles and trees were 18.1%, 21.9%, 12.14% and 0%, respectively. No individual E. longifolia was found at the tree level which might be attributable to the habitus of this species which is small-sized tree or woody shrub with maximum height of 15 m. The vegetation community at the studied area had Shanon-Wienner diversity index (H') from 2.27 to 3.12 and the Evenness index from 0.88 to 0.98, which is categorized as high. The results of this study imply that the natural habitat of pasak bumi in the TWA Muka Kuning is classified as good and tighter area protection is highly recommended to protect valuable biodiversity in it including E. longifolia.
Framing the wider determinants of health and health inequalities: local stakeholder views in England
Authors: Such Elizabeth 
Published: June 2023

Background:Despite decades of concern, health inequalities persist and collaborations to address them at a local level are yet to prove effective. One potential way of improving actions to address health inequalities is to pay greater attention to the way the problems and solutions are framed.
Aims and objectives:The aims of the study were to: 1) review existing advice and guidance on how to frame the wider determinants of health, health inequalities and how to address them in policy; 2) critically appraise this guidance with reference to a study of local action to address the wider determinants of health and health inequalities in England; and 3) offer insight into the future of framing these issues at the local level.
Methods:An exploratory qualitative study of local actors’ activities and experiences that relate to framing health inequalities. Analysis is drawn from 14 in-depth, qualitative interviews with people working in health- and other-sector partnerships.
Findings:Local actors engaged in systemic framing of the wider determinants, health inequalities and what to do about them across localities, albeit in a non-routinised or uniform way. Evidence and data were a key part of telling the story. Owing in part to resource constraint, local practitioners tended to work with people who quickly ‘got it’ (the structural, systemic nature of health inequalities) and focused their efforts on working in these partnerships; this was a reflection of the relational process of ‘co-framing’. Other tactics were used to try and persuade unconvinced colleagues or elected members. There were multiple challenges, however, to framing consistency, coherency and comprehensiveness of coverage, and using a systemic frame was no guarantee of cross-sectoral collaborative working.
Discussion and conclusion:Re-framing health inequalities is challenging and relational for local practitioners. Local tactics that include tailoring, co-framing and building strong local examples offer promise.
Environmental enteropathy and its association with water sanitation and hygiene in slum areas of Jimma Town Ethiopia
Authors: Regassa Rediet , Tamiru Dessalegn , Duguma Markos , Belachew Tefera 
Published: June 2023

Background
Environmental Enteropathy is an inflammatory condition of the gut that leads to intestinal barrier dysfunction. It is a common problem in resource-limited countries and results from exposure to larger quantities of fecal bacteria to poor personal hygiene and environmental sanitation. Due to poor intestinal permeability, there is a problem with absorption of nutrients, which in turn leads to growth faltering, poor cognitive development, and oral-vaccine failure. The aim of this study was to identify the children with an elevated lactulose to mannitol ratio (indicative of possible environmental enteropathy) and its association with water sanitation and hygiene in slum areas of Jimma Town so as to mitigate the problem of malnutrition in under-five children.

Methods
A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out from January to April 2021. A Lactulose mannitol test was performed to determine the prevalence of elevated lactulose to mannitol ratio (possibly environmental enteropathy) in children aged 12 to 59 months. A pretested questionnaire was used to collect data on water sanitation and hygiene (WASH) indicators and sociodemographic characteristics. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to isolate independent predictors for possible environmental enteropathy. All tests were two-sided and statistical significance was declared at P<0.05.

Results
The results of this study showed that 19.3% (95%CI: 14.8–23.7) of children had an increased lactulose to mannitol ratio (>0.15). On multivariable logistic regression analysis, the variables drinking water from unimproved water sources (AOR 3.741; 95%CI: 0.914–15.310,p = 0.048), unsafe coverage of water storage (AOR 0.363; 95%CI: 0.169–0.777, P = 0.009), public latrine utilization (AOR 0.139 95%CI: 0.024–0.816, P = 0.029),and hand washing less than 3 critical time of hand washing practices (AOR 4.369;95%CI: 1.411–13.524,P = 0.011) were significantly associated with an increased in lactulose mannitol ratio (possible indicative of intestinal permeability/environmental enteropathy).

Conclusion
This study showed that one fifth of under-five children in Jimma Town had an elevated lactulose to mannitol ratio (possibly environmental enteropathy). The WASH sectors and other governmental organizations should give emphasis to areas with poor water sanitation and hygiene to mitigate the problem of environmental enteropathy and related consequences like growth faltering, poor cognitive development, and oral-vaccine failure in the study area.
Evaluation of the rubella surveillance system in South Africa, 2016–2018: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Gavhi Fhatuwani , De Voux Alex , Kuonza Lazarus , Motaze Nkengafac Villyen 
Published: June 2023

Background
Rubella is a leading vaccine-preventable cause of birth defects. We conducted this study to evaluate the rubella surveillance system in South Africa from 2016 to 2018. The rubella surveillance system had not been evaluated since its inception; therefore, a formal evaluation is necessary to assess key attributes and to ascertain the extent to which the system achieves its objectives.

Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the usefulness, simplicity, positive predictive value, timeliness, and data quality of the rubella surveillance system from 2016 to 2018. We reviewed retrospective rubella surveillance data and conducted a survey with key stakeholders of the system. We compiled a summary report from the survey and calculated the annualized detection rate of rubella and non-rubella febrile rash, positive predictive value, the proportion of complete records, and timeliness between the surveillance steps. We compared our results with recommended performance indicators from the 2015 revised World Health Organization African regional guidelines for measles and rubella surveillance.

Results
The rubella surveillance system was useful but weak in terms of simplicity. The annualized detection rate of rubella febrile rash was 1.5 per 100,000 populations in 2016, 4.4 in 2017, and 2.1 in 2018. The positive predictive value was 29.1% in 2016, 40.9% in 2017, and 32.9% in 2018. The system did not meet the timeliness goal in the health facility component but met this goal in the laboratory component. The system had poor data quality, particularly in the health facility component.

Conclusions
The rubella surveillance system was useful, although it was not simple to use and had low PPV, poor timeliness, and poor data quality. Efforts should be made to improve the system’s simplicity, PPV, timeliness, and data quality at the facility level.
Exploring regional disparities in lung cancer mortality in a Brazilian state: A cross-sectional ecological study
Authors: Dias Marques Vlaudimir , Massago Miyoko , da Silva Mariana Teixeira , Roskowski Igor , de Lima Daniel Augusto Nunes , dos Santos Lander , Louro Estela , Gonçalves Simone Tomás , Pedroso Raissa Bocchi , Obale Armstrong Mbi , Pelloso Sandra Marisa , Vissoci João Ricardo Nickenig , Staton Catherine Ann , Nihei Oscar Kenji , Carvalho Maria Dalva de Barros , Dutra Amanda de Carvalho , de Andrade Luciano 
Published: June 2023

Background
Lung cancer (LC) is one of the main causes of mortality in Brazil; geographic, cultural, socioeconomic and health access factors can affect the development of the disease. We explored the geospatial distribution of LC mortality, and associated factors, between 2015 and 2019, in Parana state, Brazil.

Methods and findings
We obtained mortality (from the Brazilian Health Informatics Department) and population rates (from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics [IBGE]) in people over 40 years old, accessibility of oncology centers by municipality, disease diagnosis rate (from Brazilian Ministry of Health), the tobacco production rate (IBGE) and Parana Municipal Performance Index (IPDM) (from Parana Institute for Economic and Social Development). Global Moran’s Index and Local Indicators of Spatial Association were performed to evaluate the spatial distribution of LC mortality in Parana state. Ordinary Least Squares Regression and Geographically Weighted Regression were used to verify spatial association between LC mortality and socioeconomic indicators and health service coverage. A strong spatial autocorrelation of LC mortality was observed, with the detection of a large cluster of high LC mortality in the South of Parana state. Spatial regression analysis showed that all independent variables analyzed were directly related to LC mortality by municipality in Paraná.

Conclusions
There is a disparity in the LC mortality in Parana state, and inequality of socioeconomic and accessibility to health care services could be associated with it. Our findings may help health managers to intensify actions in regions with vulnerability in the detection and treatment of LC.
Anemia in an ethnic minority group in lower northern Thailand: A community-based study investigating the prevalence in relation to inherited hemoglobin disorders and iron deficiency
Authors: Pyae Thinzar Win , Sanchaisuriya Kanokwan , Athikamanon Surasak , Sanchaisuriya Pattara , Srivorakun Hataichanok , Chaibunruang Attawut , Fucharoen Supan 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundAnemia is a globally well-known major public health problem. In Southeast Asia where there is ethnic diversity, both iron deficiency (ID) and inherited hemoglobin disorders (IHDs) are prevalent and are considered to be the major factors contributing to anemia. However, little is known about the anemia burden among the ethnic minorities. In this study, we determine the burden of anemia, in relation to ID and IHDs, among the Karen ethnic minorities living in the rural area of lower northern Thailand.MethodsA cross-sectional community-based study was conducted at Ban Rai district, Uthai Thani province. Study participants included 337 Karen people aged over 18 years. Socio-economic and health-related information were obtained through interviews and recorded by local health staff. Anemia, IHDs and ID were diagnosed according to standard laboratory methods. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was applied to identify risk factors of moderate-to-severe anemia.ResultsThe prevalence of overall anemia was 27.9% (95% CI = 23.2–33.0). Mild and moderate anemia were detected in 18.7% (95% CI = 14.7–23.3) and 8.9% (95% CI = 6.1–12.5) respectively. Severe anemia was found in one case (0.3%). Various forms of IHDs were identified in 166 participants, constituting 49.3% (95% CI = 43.8–54.7). The most common form of IHDs was α+-thalassemia (32.9%), followed by β-thalassemia (12.2%), α0-thalassemia (4.2%), hemoglobin E (3.9%), and hemoglobin Constant Spring (0.9%). Among 308 participants who were investigated for ID, the prevalence was discovered to be 6.8% (95% CI = 4.3–10.2). Analysis of risk factors of moderate-to-severe anemia revealed that individuals with ID, β-thalassemia and age > 65 years were at high risk with adjusted odds ratio of 17 (95% CI = 3.8–75.2), 6.2 (95% CI = 1.4–27.8) and 8.1 (95% CI = 1.6–40.4) respectively.ConclusionsAnemia among the Karen is of public health significance; and IHDs are the major contributing factors. Because of the high risk of developing moderate-to-severe anemia, special attention should be paid to individuals affected with ID, β-thalassemia and the elderly. Public awareness of the health burden of severe thalassemia syndromes should also be campaigned.
A cross-sectional study of fear of surgery in female breast cancer patients: Prevalence, severity, and sources, as well as relevant differences among patients experiencing high, moderate, and low fear of surgery
Authors: Engel Sophia , Jacobsen Henrik Børsting , Reme Silje Endresen 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundFear of surgery has been associated with more postoperative pain, disability, and a lower quality of life among patients undergoing various surgical procedures. While qualitative studies indicate breast cancer patients to be afraid of surgery, detailed quantitative analyses are lacking. The present research aimed at investigating the prevalence, severity, and sources of fear of surgery in this patient group and to compare patients reporting different degrees of such fear.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 204 breast cancer patients, 18–70 years old, and scheduled for surgery at Oslo University Hospital, Norway. Following their preoperative visit participants completed validated psychological questionnaires online. Among these, the primary outcome measure, the Surgical Fear Questionnaire (SFQ; scores: 0–10 per item, 0–80 overall). Patients were grouped based on SFQ-percentiles (<25th= little, 25th–75th= moderate and >75thpercentile = high fear) and compared on psychological (anxiety, depression, experienced injustice, optimism and expected postsurgical pain), sociodemographic, and medical outcomes.Results195 patients completed the SFQ. On average fear of surgery was low (M = 26.41, SD = 16.0, median = 26, min-max = 0–80), but omnipresent. Only 1.5% (n = 3) indicated no fear at all. Overall, patients feared surgery itself the most (M = 3.64, SD = 2.8). Groups differed significantly (p < .001) in their experience of anxiety, depression, and injustice, as well as their disposition to be optimistic, and expectance of postsurgical pain. Differences between groups concerning demographic and medical information were largely insignificant.DiscussionThis study was the first to demonstrate fear of surgery to be prevalent and relevant among female breast cancer patients. The higher a patients’ fear group, the poorer their preoperative psychological constitution. This, largely irrespective of their current diagnoses or treatments, medical history, and demographics. Fear of surgery might thus cater as a prognostic marker and treatment target in this patient group. However, given the cross-sectional character of the present data, prognostic studies are needed to evaluate such claims.
A combined impedance compensation strategy applied to external automatic defibrillators
Authors: Qi Qi , Yu Ming , Ge Jianhui , Li Chuanjun , Zhang Guang , Chen Feng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Transthoracic impedance is one of the key factors affecting the success of defibrillation. Impedance compensation technique is used to adjust defibrillation parameters according to the transthoracic impedance of the defibrillator. In this paper, a combined impedance compensation strategy is proposed to address the shortcomings of existing compensation strategies. In order to evaluate the performance of the combined compensation strategy, this paper uses the prototype as the experimental machine, and uses two AED with representative impedance compensation strategies as the control machine, and the simulated defibrillation method is used for comparative testing. The results show that the combined impedance compensation has a more steadier distribution over the defibrillation energy and current: compared with the energy-based impedance compensation strategy, this strategy can significantly reduce the peak current (25 Ω: 27.8 vs. 54.7 A; 50 Ω: 20.7 vs. 32.3 A) and average current (25 Ω: 24.8 vs. 37.5 A) of defibrillation at low impedance, and compared with the current impedance compensation strategy, it can significantly reduce the defibrillation energy (150 Ω: 8.6 vs. 1.7 %, 175 Ω: 15.6 vs. 4.9 %, 200 Ω: 21.9 vs. 8.5 %) at high impedance. Impedance compensation is more precise and the current passing during defibrillation is steadier.
Openess anders denken
Authors: Wilde Anika , Kramer Friederike 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Open-Science- und vor allem die Open-Access-Bewegung haben ihre Ursprünge primär in den MINT-Fächern und sind geprägt von deren Publikationskulturen und dazu passenden Infrastrukturen. Mit den technischen Entwicklungen der letzten drei Jahrzehnte wurde beides nach und nach vom Analogen ins Digitale übersetzt. Was ist aber, wenn Openness nicht übersetzt, sondern neu gedacht wird? Im Beitrag werden die Unterschiede, Herausforderungen und speziellen Bedürfnisse der Künste dargelegt und Lösungsansätze aufgezeigt. Hierfür werden Themenbereiche wie Diversität, Infrastruktur für multimediale Materialien oder auch homogenes Datenmanagement betrachtet. Nach einer kurzen Einführung werden anhand von Praxisberichten aus der Hochschule für Schauspielkunst Ernst Busch (HfS), dem Hochschulübergreifenden Zentrum Tanz (HZT) und der Universität der Künste (UdK) die Situation an künstlerischen Einrichtungen und ihr Umgang mit Openness erläutert. Für das Neu-Denken ist der Perspektivwechsel unerlässlich und so bietet sich gerade für die MINT-Fächer der Blick auf die Künste an. Mit ihrer Vielfalt und Kreativität begegnen sie den Herausforderungen des Digitalen mit Innovation wie Visionen und kreieren eine moderne Openness für alle.
YTHDF2/m6A/NF‐κB axis controls anti‐tumor immunity by regulating intratumoral Tregs
Authors: Zhang Linda , Dou Xiaoyang , Zheng Zhong , Ye Chang , Lu Thomas X , Liang Hua L , Wang Liangliang , Weichselbaum Ralph R , He Chuan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractN6‐methyladenosine (m6A) in messenger RNA (mRNA) regulates immune cells in homeostasis and in response to infection and inflammation. The function of the m6A reader YTHDF2 in the tumor microenvironment (TME) in these contexts has not been explored. We discovered that the loss of YTHDF2 in regulatory T (Treg) cells reduces tumor growth in mice. Deletion of Ythdf2 in Tregs does not affect peripheral immune homeostasis but leads to increased apoptosis and impaired suppressive function of Treg cells in the TME. Elevated tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling in the TME promotes YTHDF2 expression, which in turn regulates NF‐κB signaling by accelerating the degradation of m6A‐modified transcripts that encode NF‐κB‐negative regulators. This TME‐specific regulation of Treg by YTHDF2 points to YTHDF2 as a potential target for anti‐cancer immunotherapy, where intratumoral Treg cells can be targeted to enhance anti‐tumor immune response while avoiding Treg cells in the periphery to minimize undesired inflammations.