bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between sexual behaviour and head and neck cancer in the French West Indies: a case-control study based on an Afro-Caribbean population
Authors: Auguste Aviane , Gaete Stanie , Michineau Léah , Herrmann-Storck Cécile , Joachim Clarisse , Duflo Suzy , Deloumeaux Jacqueline , Luce Danièle 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Worldwide, a significant proportion of head and neck cancers is attributed to the Human papillomavirus (HPV). It is imperative that we acquire a solid understanding of the natural history of this virus in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) development. Our objective was to investigate the role of sexual behaviour in the occurrence of HNSCC in the French West Indies. Additionally, we evaluated the association of high risk of HPV (Hr-HPV) with sexual behaviour in risk of cancer.

Methods
We conducted a population-based case-control study (145 cases and 405 controls). We used logistic regression models to estimate adjusted odds-ratios (OR), and their 95% confidence intervals (CI).

Results
Compared to persons who never practiced oral sex, those who practiced at least occasionally had a lower HNSCC risk. First sexual intercourse after the age of 18 year was associated with a 50% reduction of HNSCC risk, compared to those who began before 15 years. HNSCC risk was significantly reduced by 60% among persons who used condoms at least occasionally. The associations for ever condom use and oral sex were accentuated following the adjustment for high-risk HPV (Hr-HPV). Oral Hr-HPV was associated with several sexual behaviour variables among HNSCC cases. However, none of these variables were significantly associated with oral HPV infections in the population controls.

Conclusion
First intercourse after 18 years, short time interval since last intercourse and ever condom use were inversely associated with HNSCC independently of oral Hr-HPV infection. Sources of transmission other than sexual contact and the interaction between HPV and HIV could also play a role in HNSCC etiology.
Variability in mental health reporting among refugees and migrants in need of protection: new evidence from a weekly panel survey
Authors: Weitzman Abigail , Blanton Matthew , Camacho Gilbert Brenes 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The global population of refugees and other migrants in need of protection (MNP) is swiftly growing. Prior scholarship highlights that MNP have poorer mental health than other migrant and non-migrant populations. However, most scholarship on MNP mental health is cross-sectional, leaving open questions about temporal variability in their mental health.

Methods
Leveraging novel weekly survey data from Latin American MNP in Costa Rica, we describe the prevalence, magnitude, and frequency of variability in eight indicators of self-reported mental health over 13-weeks; highlight which demographic characteristics, incorporation hardships, and violence exposures are most predictive of variability; and determine how variability corresponds to baseline mental health.

Results
For all indicators, most respondents (> 80%) varied at least occasionally. Typically, respondents varied 31% to 44% of weeks; for all but one indicator they varied widely—by ~ 2 of 4 possible points. Age, education, and baseline perceived discrimination were most consistently predictive of variability. Hunger and homelessness in Costa Rica and violence exposures in origin also predicted variability of select indicators. Better baseline mental health was associated with less subsequent variability.

Conclusions
Our findings highlight temporal variability in repeated self-reports of mental health among Latin American MNP and further highlight sociodemographic heterogeneity therein.
Mechanical study of the application of compression screw nails in the cross-inverted triangular pattern for internal fixation of femoral neck fractures
Authors: Wang Min , Wang Yunlong , Zou Fa , Tan Lin , Wang Yunjuan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
To design a cross-inverted triangular pattern to insert compression screw nails for the treatment of femoral neck fractures and to compare the biomechanics of inserting compression screw nails in cross-inverted triangular patterns and inverted triangular patterns.

Methods
The reasonableness of the model is first analyzed using finite elements. A total of 6 adult human specimens were selected, of which 3 males and 3 females were divided into the A1, B1, and C1 groups and the A2, B2, and C2 groups by the random number table method. The A1 and A2 groups were made into subhead femoral neck fracture models, the B1 and B2 groups were made into trans-neck femoral neck fracture models, and the C1 and C2 groups were made into basal femoral neck fracture models. The right femur of each group had a compression screw nail inserted in the crossed-inverted triangular pattern, and the left femur of each group had a compression screw nail inserted in the inverted triangular pattern. The static compression test was performed by an electronic universal testing machine. The maximum load of the femoral neck and the load of 3.00 mm axial displacement of the femoral head were read according to the pressure-displacement curve drawn in the experiment.

Results
The finite element analysis showed that the cross-inverted triangular hollow threaded nail has better conductivity and more stable fixation than the inverted triangular hollow threaded nail. The maximum load of the femoral neck and the load of 3.00 mm axial displacement of the femoral head of the left femur were greater than those of the right femur in the A1, A2, B1, B2 and C2 groups, while the maximum load of the femoral neck and the load of 3.00 mm axial displacement of the femoral head of the left femur were smaller than those of the right femur in the C1 group. There was no statistically significant difference in the maximum load of the femoral neck or the load of 3.00 mm axial displacement of the femoral head between the A1 and A2 groups, the B1 and B2 groups, or the C1 and C2 groups (P > 0.05). After the K-S test, the maximum load of the femoral neck and the load of 3.00 mm axial displacement of the femoral head were normally distributed (P = 0.20), and the LSD-t test was conducted for the two load data; the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.235).

Conclusion
The effect of compression screw nails in the cross-inverted triangular pattern was the same in males and females, and stability was better in the fixation of subhead and trans-neck femoral neck fractures. However, its stability in fixation of basal femoral neck fracture is worse than that of the inverted triangular pattern. The cross-inverted triangular hollow threaded nail has better conductivity and more stable fixation than the inverted triangular hollow threaded nail.
Factors affecting the scientific research ability and the corresponding countermeasures in clinical postgraduates
Authors: Fu De-Qiang , Huang Yin-Qiong , Que Yu-Hui , Hong Yu , Lin Jian-Qing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Scientific research ability (SRA) is very important for clinical postgraduates. However, the factors affecting students' SRA are constantly changing with the development of medicine. The aim of this study was to investigate the current situation of SRA in clinical postgraduates and exploring the potential factors and the corresponding countermeasures under the background of new medical science.

Methods
A total of 133 postgraduates (first- or second-year) were investigated by questionnaire in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University. All results were analyzed by R software.

Results
In terms of the SRA, academic-degree postgraduate students (ADPSs) were significantly better than professional-degree postgraduate students (PDPSs) (P = 0.001), the students with scientific research interest were remarkably better than those without scientific research interest (P = 0.004), the students who mastered statistical analysis methods were more prominent than those who did not (P = 0.007), the students with paper-writing skills were obviously superior to those without it (P = 0.003), and the second-year students were notably better than the first-year students (P = 0.003). Stratified analysis by the above factors except the degree type showed no significant difference in the first-year postgraduates. In the second-year postgraduates, the ADPSs were remarkably superior to the PDPSs (P = 0.002), the students with scientific research interest were obviously better than those without scientific research interest (P = 0.014), the students with more time investment in scientific research were more prominent than those with less time investment in scientific research (P = 0.025), the students with paper-writing skills were notably superior to those without it (P = 0.031), and the students with plotting ability were better than those without it (P = 0.013).

Conclusion
The important factors affecting the SRA of clinical postgraduates include the degree type, the grade of student, scientific research interest, time investment in scientific research, statistical analysis methods, paper-writing skills, plotting ability. In short, earlier systematic SRA training contributes to the improvement of SRA in clinical postgraduates, especially in PDPSs.
Experiences with telemedicine among family medicine residents at king saud university medical city during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: AlFawaz Ibrahim , Alrasheed Abdullah A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The healthcare system experienced various challenges during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and a wide range of safety measures were implemented, including limiting the number of patients allowed to visit primary care clinics and follow-up through telemedicine clinics. These changes have accelerated the growth of telemedicine in medical education and affected the training of family medicine residents throughout Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the experiences of family medicine residents with telemedicine clinics as a part of their clinical training during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 60 family medicine residents at King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. An anonymous 20-item survey was administered between March and April 2022.

Results
The participants included 30 junior and 30 senior residents, with a 100% response rate. The results revealed that most (71.7%) participants preferred in-person visits during residency training, and only 10% preferred telemedicine. In addition, 76.7% of the residents accepted the inclusion of telemedicine clinics in training if such clinics constituted not more than 25% of the training program. Moreover, most participants reported receiving less clinical experience, less supervision, and less discussion time with the attending supervisor when training in telemedicine clinics compared with in-person visits. However, most (68.3%) participants gained communication skills through telemedicine.

Conclusions
Implementing telemedicine in residency training can create various challenges in education and influence clinical training through less experience and less clinical interaction with patients if it is not structured well. With the growth of digital healthcare, further structuring and testing of a paradigm that involves using telemedicine in residents’ training programs prior to implementation should be considered for better training and patient care.
Safety and efficacy of apatinib in patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma after the failure of two or more lines of chemotherapy (AHEAD): a prospective, single-arm, multicenter, phase IV study
Authors: Li Jin , Qin Shukui , Wen Lu , Wang Junsheng , Deng Wenying , Guo Weijian , Jia Tongfu , Jiang Da , Zhang Guifang , He Yifu , Ba Yi , Zhong Haijun , Wang Lin , Lin Xiaoyan , Yang Jianwei , Zhao Jun , Bai Yuxian , Wu Xiangyuan , Gao Feng , Sun Guogui , Wu Yongjuan , Ye Feng , Wang Qiong , Xie Zhong , Yi Tienan , Huang Yong , Yu Guohua , Lu Lin , Yuan Ying , Li Wei , Liu Likun , Sun Yuping , Sun Ying , Yin Lifeng , Hou Zhiguo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Apatinib, a highly selective VEGFR2 inhibitor, significantly improved efficacy versus placebo as a third- and later-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer in phase 2 and 3 trials. This prospective, single-arm, multicenter phase IV AHEAD study was conducted to verify the safety and efficacy of apatinib in patients with advanced or metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma after at least two lines of systematic therapy in clinical practice settings.

Methods
Patients with advanced gastric cancer who had previously failed at least two lines of chemotherapy received oral apatinib until disease progression, death or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was safety. The secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Adverse events were summarized by the incidence rate. Median OS and PFS were estimated using the Kaplan–Meier method. ORR, DCR, OS at 3 and 6 months, and PFS at 3 and 6 months were calculated, and their 95% CIs were estimated according to the Clopper-Pearson method.

Results
Between May 2015 and November 2019, a total of 2004 patients were enrolled, and 1999 patients who received at least one dose of apatinib were assessed for safety. In the safety population, 87.9% of patients experienced treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs), with the most common hypertension (45.2%), proteinuria (26.5%), and white blood cell count decreased (25.3%). Additionally, 51% of patients experienced grade ≥ 3 TRAEs. Fatal TRAEs occurred in 57 (2.9%) patients. No new safety concerns were reported. Among the 2004 patients included in the intention-to-treat population, the ORR was 4.4% (95% CI, 3.6–5.4%), and DCR was 35.8% (95% CI, 33.7–38.0%). The median PFS was 2.7 months (95% CI 2.2–2.8), and the median OS was 5.8 months (95% CI 5.4–6.1).

Conclusions
The findings in the AHEAD study confirmed the acceptable and manageable safety profile and clinical benefit of apatinib in patients with advanced gastric cancer as a third- or later-line of treatment.

Trial registration
This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02426034. Registration date was April 24, 2015.
Exploring the antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, and antitumor potentials of marine Streptomyces tunisiensis W4MT573222 pigment isolated from Abu-Qir sediments, Egypt
Authors: Ibrahim Walaa M. , Olama Zakia A. , Abou-elela G. M. , Ramadan Heba S. , Hegazy Ghada E. , El Badan Dalia El S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDue to the therapeutic importance of microbial pigments, these pigments are receiving the attention of researchers. In this present study 60 isolates were isolated from sediments of Abu-Qir coast of the Mediterranean sea, Alexandria, Egypt, out of which 12 were considered as pigmented actinomycetes. Streptomyces sp. W4 was characterized by small round green pigmented colonies when grown on starch-casein agar medium. The green pigment was extracted using a mixture of acetone-methanol (7:3 v/v). The antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiviral, and anticancer activities of the green pigment produced by Streptomyces sp.W4 were investigated. The pigment was characterized using FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, EDX and GC–MS. The results revealed that the pigment has antibacterial and antifungal activity and also showed inhibition of HAV 78% but its antiviral activity against the Adenovirus was weak. The results proved the safety of the pigment toward normal cells and anticancer activity against three different cancer cell lines HepG-2 (liver cancer cell line), A549 (lung cancer cell line), and PAN1 (pancreas cancer cell line). The pigment was combined with 9 antibiotics and then tested against the Gram-negative bacterium Enterococcus faecalis using disc diffusion bioassay. LEV showed an antagonistic effect, while CXM and CIP showed a synergistic effect.
Predictors of caregiver adherence to administration of amodiaquine during delivery of seasonal malaria chemoprevention in Nigeria, Burkina Faso, Chad, and Togo
Authors: Ibinaiye Taiwo , Oresanya Olusola , Oguoma Chibuzo , Aidenagbon Adaeze , Ogunmola Olabisi , Rassi Christian , Richardson Sol 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Malaria is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among infants and children under-five in sub-Saharan Africa. In the Sahel, seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is delivered door-to-door in monthly cycles. In each cycle, children are administered sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine (SP) plus amodiaquine (AQ) on Day 1 by community distributors, and AQ on Day 2 and Day 3 by caregivers. Non-adherence to AQ administration by caregivers has implications for emergence of antimalarial resistance.

Methods
Predictors of non-adherence to administration of AQ on Day 2 and Day 3 among caregivers of children aged 3–59 months who had received Day 1 SP and AQ during the last 2020 SMC cycle (n = 12,730) were analysed using data from SMC coverage surveys in Nigeria, Burkina Faso and Togo, and fitting multivariate random-effects logistic regression models.

Results
Previous adverse reaction to SMC medicines by eligible children (OR: 0.29, 95% CI 0.24–0.36, p < 0.001), awareness of the importance of administering Day 2 and Day 3 AQ (OR: 2.19, 95% CI 1.69–2.82, p < 0.001), caregiver age, and home visits to caregivers delivered by the Lead Mothers intervention in Nigeria (OR: 2.50, 95% CI 1.93–2.24, p < 0.001), were significantly associated with caregiver adherence to Day 2 and Day 3 AQ administration.

Conclusions
Increasing caregivers’ knowledge of SMC and interventions such as Lead Mothers have the potential to improve full adherence to AQ administration.
Psychometric evaluation of the traditional Chinese version of PedsQL™ 3.0 cardiac module scale in adolescents with congenital heart disease: reliability, validity, measurement invariance, and adolescent-parent agreement
Authors: Huang Yong-Chen , Chen Yueh-Chih , Gau Bih-Shya , Wang Jou-Kou , Chang Shu-Hui , Yang Hsiao-Ling 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn recent decades, 95% of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) can survive to adolescence and adulthood. However, adolescents with CHD are prone to poorer health-related quality of life (HRQoL). It is imperative to develop a reliable and valid instrument for health professionals to monitor the HRQoL. This study aims to: (1) evaluate the psychometric properties of the traditional Chinese version of Pediatric Quality of Life™ 3.0 Cardiac Module (PedsQL-CM) and measurement invariance across adolescents with CHD and their parents; and (2) investigate the adolescent-parent agreement in HRQoL.MethodsA total of 162 adolescents and 162 parents were recruited. Internal consistency was examined using Cronbach’s alpha and McDonald’s Omega. The criterion-related validity was evaluated with intercorrelations between the PedsQL-CM and PedsQL™ 4.0 Generic Core (PedsQL-GC) Scale. The construct validity was examined by second-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Measurement invariance was evaluated using the multi-group CFA. The adolescent-parent agreement was analyzed with the intraclass correlation (ICC), paired t-tests, and Bland–Altman plots.ResultsPedsQL-CM showed acceptable internal consistency (self-reports 0.88, proxy-reports 0.91). The intercorrelations were medium to large effect size (self-reports 0.34–0.77, proxy-reports 0.46–0.68). The CFA supported the construct validity (CFI = 0.967, TLI = 0.963, RMSEA = 0.036, 90% CI = 0.026–0.046, SRMR = 0.065). The multi-group CFA proved scalar invariance between self and parent proxy-reports. Parents significantly underestimated their adolescents’ HRQoL in cognitive problems (Cohen’s d = 0.21) and communication (Cohen’s d = 0.23) subscales, while there was a negligible difference in total HRQoL (Cohen’s d = 0.16). ICCs were poor to moderate effect size with the highest and lowest agreement in heart problems and treatment subscale (ICC = 0.70) and communication subscale (ICC = 0.27), respectively. The Bland–Altman plots showed lesser variability in the heart problem and treatment subscale and the total scale.ConclusionThe traditional Chinese version of PedsQL-CM has acceptable psychometric properties to measure disease-specific HRQoL in adolescents with CHD. Parents may be proxies for adolescents with CHD to rate total HRQoL. When the patient-reported score is the primary outcome, the proxy-reported score could serve as a secondary outcome for research and clinical evaluation.
Bach Mai Procedure for complete mesocolic excision, central vascular ligation, and D3 lymphadenectomy in total laparoscopic right hemicolectomy: a prospective study
Authors: Nguyen Ngoc Hung , Vu Xuan Vinh , Nguyen Vu Quang , Nguyen The Hiep , Du Nguyen Huy , Luong Tuan Hiep , Nguyen Thanh Khiem , Nguyen Ham Hoi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose
Total laparoscopic right hemicolectomy with complete mesocolic excision (CME), central vascular ligation (CVL), and D3 lymphadenectomy is still the most challenging colon procedures for gastrointestinal surgeons. We herein report the technical details and our preliminary experience of Bach Mai Procedure — a novel-combining (cranial, medial to lateral, and caudal) approach with early resection of the terminal ileum.

Methods
The dissection stage was central vascular isolation and ligation by a combined multiple approaches in the following four steps: cranial approach, dissecting along the inferior aspect of pancreatic isthmus to reveal the middle colic vessels and the anterior aspect of the superior mesentery vein and then exposed the right gastroepiploic vein and the trunk of Henle; medial-to-lateral approach, exposing the surgical axis — the superior mesenteric vascular axis and then early resection of the terminal ileum to open the dissection from the bottom up; and caudal approach, radical ligation of the ileocecal artery and right colic artery (central vascular ligation), lymph node dissection (D3 lymphadenectomy), and resecting the Toldt fascia of the colon to release the entire right colon from the abdominal wall.

Results
In 12 months, there were 32 cases of primary right-sided colon malignancies that have undergone tLRHD3, CME/CVL based on the Bach Mai Procedure. In 3 cases (9.4%), the tumor site was hepatic flexure. The median of lymph node number (LNN) was 38, with the maximum number which was 101. No serious postoperative complications (grade 3 or higher) neither inhospital mortality was detected.

Conclusion
This Bach Mai procedure, a novel-combining approach with early resection of the terminal ileum, is technically feasible and safe for tLRHD3, CME/CVL. Further investigations and follow-up must be proceeded to evaluate the long-term outcomes of our technique.