bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health care transition planning for adolescents and emerging adults with intellectual disabilities and developmental disabilities: Distinctions and challenges
Authors: Betz Cecily L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this article is to provide the reader with insight and enhanced understanding of the health care transition planning process for adolescents and emerging adults with intellectual disabilities and developmental disabilities. There are distinctly different programmatic considerations that need to be addressed in advancing their transfer of care to adult providers and promoting their transition to adulthood. These differences are due in part to the federal and state legislative initiatives that were established in the education, rehabilitation, employment, and developmental disabilities service systems. In contrast, no comparable federal and state mandates exist in the system of health care. The legislative mandates in education, rehabilitation, and employment are presented and discussed as well as the federal legislation on rights and protections for individuals with intellectual disabilities and developmental disabilities. Consequently, health care transition (HCT) planning involves application of a framework of care that is characteristically different than the planning efforts undertaken for adolescents and emerging adults (AEA) with special health care needs (SHCN)/disabilities and for typically developing AEA. The best practice HCT recommendations are discussed in the context of this intellectual disabilities and developmental disabilities framework of care.ConclusionsHealth care transition planning for adolescents and emerging adults with intellectual disabilities and developmental disabilities involves additional and distinctly clinical and programmatic models of care.Practice ImplicationsHealth care transition planning guidance for adolescents and emerging adults with intellectual disabilities and developmental disabilities are provided based upon best practice recommendations.
Psychotic symptoms in frontotemporal dementia with TDP‐43 tend to be associated with type B pathology
Authors: Hirsch‐Reinshagen Veronica , Hercher Christa , Vila‐Rodriguez Fidel , Neumann Manuela , Rademakers Rosa , Honer William G. , Hsiung Ging‐Yuek R. , Mackenzie Ian R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsPsychotic symptoms are increasingly recognized as a distinguishing clinical feature in patients with dementia due to frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP‐43 pathology (FTLD‐TDP). Within this group, carriers of the C9orf72 repeat expansion are particularly prone to develop delusions and hallucinations.MethodsThe present retrospective study sought to provide novel details about the relationship between FTLD‐TDP pathology and the presence of psychotic symptoms during life.ResultsWe found that FTLD‐TDP subtype B was more frequent in patients with psychotic symptoms than in those without. This relationship was present even when corrected for the presence of C9orf72 mutation, suggesting that pathophysiological processes leading to the development of subtype B pathology may increase the risk of psychotic symptoms. Within the group of FTLD‐TDP cases with subtype B pathology, psychotic symptoms tended to be associated with a greater burden of TDP‐43 pathology in the white matter and a lower burden in lower motor neurons. When present, pathological involvement of motor neurons was more likely to be asymptomatic in patients with psychosis.ConclusionsThis work suggests that psychotic symptoms in patients with FTLD‐TDP tend to be associated with subtype B pathology. This relationship is not completely explained by the effects of the C9orf72 mutation and raises the possibility of a direct link between psychotic symptoms and this particular pattern of TDP‐43 pathology.
The dynamic multi‐functionality of leaf water transport outside the xylem
Authors: Scoffoni Christine , Albuquerque Caetano , Buckley Thomas N. , Sack Lawren 
Published: June 2023

SummaryA surge of papers have reported low leaf vulnerability to xylem embolism during drought. Here, we focus on the less studied, and more sensitive, outside‐xylem leaf hydraulic responses to multiple internal and external conditions. Studies of 34 species have resolved substantial vulnerability to dehydration of the outside‐xylem pathways, and studies of leaf hydraulic responses to light also implicate dynamic outside‐xylem responses. Detailed experiments suggest these dynamic responses arise at least in part from strong control of radial water movement across the vein bundle sheath. While leaf xylem vulnerability may influence leaf and plant survival during extreme drought, outside‐xylem dynamic responses are important for the control and resilience of water transport and leaf water status for gas exchange and growth.
Inheritance of epigenetic transcriptional memory through read–write replication of a histone modification
Authors: Brickner Jason H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEpigenetic transcriptional regulation frequently requires histone modifications. Some, but not all, of these modifications are able to template their own inheritance. Here, I discuss the molecular mechanisms by which histone modifications can be inherited and relate these ideas to new results about epigenetic transcriptional memory, a phenomenon that poises recently repressed genes for faster reactivation and has been observed in diverse organisms. Recently, we found that the histone H3 lysine 4 dimethylation that is associated with this phenomenon plays a critical role in sustaining memory and, when factors critical for the establishment of memory are inactivated, can be stably maintained through multiple mitoses. This chromatin‐mediated inheritance mechanism may involve a physical interaction between an H3K4me2 reader, SET3C, and an H3K4me2 writer, Spp1− COMPASS. This is the first example of a chromatin‐mediated inheritance of a mark that promotes transcription.
Advancing understanding of discordant mentoring relationships in STEMM: A method and framework
Authors: Morales Danielle X. , Grineski Sara E. , Collins Timothy W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHaving a diverse workforce in STEMM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics, and medicine) fields is essential for the United States to remain competitive in the global economy and to create a more just society. Faculty‐mentored undergraduate research experiences have been identified as a high‐impact practice for encouraging students from diverse backgrounds to pursue STEMM education and careers. Despite extensive research examining factors influencing the effectiveness of mentor−mentee relationships, there is still limited understanding of how differences or similarities in the social identities of mentors and mentees, which we term mentor−mentee discordance, impact undergraduates’ research experiences and outcomes. In this perspective, we propose that mentor−mentee discordance should be conceptualized as a multidimensional, continuous construct and suggest a global index to measure varying degrees of discordance in mentoring relationships. We also offer a conceptual model that incorporates the Discordance Index to systematize the understanding of the effects of discordant mentoring relationships on student development across social contexts and over time. Finally, we provide recommendations for future researchers, STEMM educators, and program directors who are interested in using the Discordance Index.
Cutback management strategies and citizen evaluation of government
Authors: Flink Carla , Xu Xiaoyang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThrough a behavioral approach, citizen evaluations of government performance have been an area of study in public administration. Research has explored how different factors influence citizens’ perceptions of public organizations, such as public sector bias and reference points. Understudied in this literature is how citizens evaluate government based on their use of financial management strategies. The Pandemic and other economic challenges have forced governments to engage in cutback management strategies to balance the budget. How do citizens evaluate governments based on their cutback strategies? To answer this theoretical question, we employ a survey experiment design with over 1600 respondents from the U.S. to explore how four cutback management strategies can influence citizen evaluations of government. Our findings suggest that cutback management strategies do influence citizens’ evaluation of government in trust, satisfaction, performance, and fairness. Citizens are more favorable to infrastructure or materials and contractor cuts than increasing taxes or reducing personnel. Further analysis by respondent partisanship indicates Democrats are more accepting of tax increases. Republicans rate governments lower when they cut capital and infrastructure and rate governments higher when they decrease personnel expenditures.
Prognostic biomarkers for survival in mucosal melanoma
Authors: Thierauf Julia C. , Kaluziak Stefan T. , Codd Elizabeth , Dybel Stacy N. , Jobbagy Soma , Purohit Rashi , Farahani Alex A. , Dedeilia Aikaterini , Naranbhai Vivek , Hoang Mai P. , Fisch Adam S. , Ritterhouse Lauren , Boland Genevieve M. , Lennerz Jochen K. , Iafrate A. John 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMucosal melanoma (MM) is a rare subtype of melanoma with an aggressive clinical course. In cutaneous melanoma (CM), the absence of pigmentation and presence of NRAS/KRAS mutations are biomarkers indicating an aggressive clinical course with shorter overall survival. Similar data for MM are missing. We present the real‐world outcome data in a cohort of genotyped MM patients and assessed the prognostic relevance of pigmentation‐ and NRAS/KRAS mutation status. We correlated pathological reports and clinical data with overall survival of patients with MM. Furthermore, we performed clinically integrated molecular genotyping and analyzed real world treatment regimens for covariates associated with clinical outcome. We identified 39 patients with available clinical and molecular data. Patients with amelanotic MM had a significantly shorter overall survival (p = .003). In addition, the presence of a NRAS or KRAS mutation was significantly associated with poor overall survival (NRAS or KRAS p = .024). Currently, it is unknown if the same prognostic relevance for the lack of pigmentation and RAS mutations in CM, exists in MM. Here we analyzed a cohort of MM for outcome measures and determined that two known prognostic biomarkers for CM are in fact novel prognosticators for MM.
Gender congruence and emotion effects in cross‐modal associative learning: Insights from ERPs and pupillary responses
Authors: Ziereis Annika , Schacht Anne 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSocial and emotional cues from faces and voices are highly relevant and have been reliably demonstrated to attract attention involuntarily. However, there are mixed findings as to which degree associating emotional valence to faces occurs automatically. In the present study, we tested whether inherently neutral faces gain additional relevance by being conditioned with either positive, negative, or neutral vocal affect bursts. During learning, participants performed a gender‐matching task on face‐voice pairs without explicit emotion judgments of the voices. In the test session on a subsequent day, only the previously associated faces were presented and had to be categorized regarding gender. We analyzed event‐related potentials (ERPs), pupil diameter, and response times (RTs) of N = 32 subjects. Emotion effects were found in auditory ERPs and RTs during the learning session, suggesting that task‐irrelevant emotion was automatically processed. However, ERPs time‐locked to the conditioned faces were mainly modulated by the task‐relevant information, that is, the gender congruence of the face and voice, but not by emotion. Importantly, these ERP and RT effects of learned congruence were not limited to learning but extended to the test session, that is, after removing the auditory stimuli. These findings indicate successful associative learning in our paradigm, but it did not extend to the task‐irrelevant dimension of emotional relevance. Therefore, cross‐modal associations of emotional relevance may not be completely automatic, even though the emotion was processed in the voice.
Medication‐related osteonecrosis of the external auditory canal – A rapid review of the literature and relevance to special care dentists
Authors: Khan Ishfaq 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsThere is growing evidence that anti‐resorptive and anti‐angiogenic medications can cause medication‐related osteonecrosis of the external auditory canal (MROEAC). It is possible that patients taking risk medications may also suffer from concomitant medication ‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) or temporomandibular joint (TMJ) involvement. The aim of this paper is to conduct a rapid review of the literature on MROEAC, and, its relevance to special care dentists.Methods and ResultsA rapid review of the literature was carried out using PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar to identify papers relating to MROEAC. The grey literature and non‐English papers were also consulted. Overall, 19 papers were identified from 2005 until December 2022.ConclusionsPatients at risk of MRONJ may also be at risk of MROEAC and present to special care dentists. Dental/orofacial disease may cause signs and symptoms suggestive of MROEAC. It should be considered as a potential cause of orofacial pain in special care patients. MROEAC can have a significant impact on a patient's dental treatment, including access, the provision of sedation, communication difficulties, and consent issues.
Does disseminating (mis)information restore social connection during a global pandemic?
Authors: Wicks Sydney G. , Hales Andrew H. , Hennes Erin P. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe COVID‐19 pandemic impeded social interaction, negatively affecting well‐being worldwide. To slow virus spread, practices were enacted to minimize face‐to‐face contact, leading to increased social disconnection. As people turned increasingly to online environments (e.g., social media) to fulfill needs for inclusion and belonging, misinformation regarding COVID‐19 simultaneously ran rampant. The purpose of the current study was to examine whether impeded social inclusion may have contributed to the spread of misinformation. We recruited a sample of adult social media users in the United States (N = 431) and randomly assigned them to be either included, ostracized (i.e., ignored), or rejected (i.e., to receive explicitly negative attention). Participants subsequently rated their willingness to share COVID‐19 claims via social media (in fact, all claims were false). Participants learned that sharing some claims would likely lead to high expected engagement from others on social media (e.g., “likes”), whereas some claims would likely lead to little expected engagement. While information sharing was low in our sample, participants were more willing to share claims that they believed would lead to higher levels of engagement—consistent with the idea that sharing information is motivated not only by the desire to educate others but also to elicit social connection. However, this behavioral intention was no more common among participants who had been momentarily ostracized or rejected online than among participants who had been included. Future research should continue to explore the link between social exclusion and the motivation to disseminate (mis)information beyond a pandemic‐related context.
Impact of clinical pharmacist‐led interventions on switching from intravenous‐to‐oral antibiotics in patients with infectious diseases at a Vietnamese hospital
Authors: Nguyen Tu Nhat Thien , Bui Quynh Thi Huong , Tran Van‐Anh Thi , Tran Nhu Quynh , Nguyen Nhi Truc Y. , Nguyen Hai Thanh , Pham Cam Thi Le , Pham Hien Thi Thu , Tran Mai Thi Phuong , Dau Hien Thi Thanh , Nguyen Tien Thi Thuy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo evaluate the impact of clinical pharmacist‐led interventions on the switch from intravenous (IV) to oral (PO) antibiotics among inpatients with infectious diseases.MethodsA before‐and‐after study was conducted among inpatients aged 18 or older who were diagnosed with infectious diseases and received IV antibiotics for at least 24 h at the Thong Nhat Hospital during the pre‐intervention (between January 2021 and June 2021) and intervention (between January 2022 and June 2022) periods. Information on patient characteristics, antibiotic usage, length of hospital stay and treatment outcomes was obtained from medical records. The interventions included introducing IV‐to‐PO switch guidelines to physicians and clinical pharmacists' feedback on eligible cases. The impact of the pharmacists' interventions was evaluated by comparing primary outcomes (switch rate and appropriateness of switching) and secondary outcomes (duration of IV therapy, length of hospital stay and treatment outcomes) between the two study periods.ResultsWe included 99 patients in the pre‐intervention and 80 patients in the intervention period. The proportion of patients who switched from IV‐to‐PO antibiotics increased from 44.4% in the pre‐intervention period to 67.8% in the intervention period (p = 0.008). The overall rate of appropriate conversion increased significantly from 43.8% to 67.5% (p = 0.043). There were no statistically significant differences between the two periods with respect to the median duration of IV therapy (9 days vs. 8 days), length of hospital stay (10 days vs. 9 days) and treatment outcomes. Logistic regression analysis showed that the interventions resulted in a higher switch rate, whereas age was negatively associated with the switching rate.ConclusionsThe implementation of clinical pharmacist‐led interventions was effective in promoting IV‐to‐PO antibiotic conversion.
Genome‐wide enhancer identification by massively parallel reporter assay in Arabidopsis
Authors: Tan Yongjun , Yan Xiaohao , Sun Jialei , Wan Jing , Li Xinxin , Huang Yingzhang , Li Li , Niu Longjian , Hou Chunhui 
Published: June 2023

SUMMARYEnhancers are critical cis‐regulatory elements controlling gene expression during cell development and differentiation. However, genome‐wide enhancer characterization has been challenging due to the lack of a well‐defined relationship between enhancers and genes. Function‐based methods are the gold standard for determining the biological function of cis‐regulatory elements; however, these methods have not been widely applied to plants. Here, we applied a massively parallel reporter assay on Arabidopsis to measure enhancer activities across the genome. We identified 4327 enhancers with various combinations of epigenetic modifications distinctively different from animal enhancers. Furthermore, we showed that enhancers differ from promoters in their preference for transcription factors. Although some enhancers are not conserved and overlap with transposable elements forming clusters, enhancers are generally conserved across thousand Arabidopsis accessions, suggesting they are selected under evolution pressure and could play critical roles in the regulation of important genes. Moreover, comparison analysis reveals that enhancers identified by different strategies do not overlap, suggesting these methods are complementary in nature. In sum, we systematically investigated the features of enhancers identified by functional assay in A. thaliana, which lays the foundation for further investigation into enhancers' functional mechanisms in plants.
Search of a genomic sequence database for potential novel blood group antigens: Investigation into why some amino acid substitutions are not immunogenic
Authors: Howe John G. , Stack Gary 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPolypeptide blood group antigens are typically identified through investigation of the antibodies they induce. Human genome sequence databases are a new tool to identify AA substitutions that potentially create blood group antigens.Study Design and MethodsThe Erythrogene genomic sequence database was searched for missense mutations not known to be blood group antigens in the extracellular domains of selected RBC proteins in European populations. Any mutations found with prevalence of 1%–90% and not known to have induced antibodies in transfusion practice were analyzed using protein structural analysis and epitope prediction programs to determine why they apparently lack immunogenicity.ResultsThirteen missense mutations not known to create blood group antigens were identified in the extracellular domains of Kell, BCAM, and RhD proteins, but not in RhCE, Urea Transporter 1 (Kidd), Atypical Chemokine Receptor 1 (Duffy), glycophorin A or glycophorin B. While 11 of the 13 mutations had low prevalence (<1%), a Kell Ser726Pro substitution and a BCAM Val196Ile substitution had predicted phenotype prevalences of 43.2% and 5.7%, respectively. Ser726Pro had multiple properties of a linear B‐cell epitope, but possible suboptimal protein location for B‐cell receptor binding and limited T‐cell epitope possibilities. Val196Ile was not predicted to be in a linear B‐cell epitope.ConclusionMultiple potential new blood group antigens of low prevalence were identified. Whether they are antigenic remains to be determined. Two higher prevalence variants in Kell and BCAM are unlikely antigens, otherwise their antibodies presumably would already have been identified. Possible reasons for their poor immunogenicity were identified.
Quality assessment of red blood cell concentrates from blood donors at the extremes of the age spectrum: The BEST collaborative study
Authors: Cloutier Marc , Cognasse Fabrice , Yokoyama Ana Paula Hitomi , Hazegh Kelsey , Mykhailova Olga , Brandon‐Coatham Mackenzie , Hamzeh‐Cognasse Hind , Kutner Jose Mauro , Acker Jason P. , Kanias Tamir ,   the Biomedical Excellence for Safer Transfusion (BEST) Collaborative
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundBlood donors at the extremes of the age spectrum (16–19 years vs. ≥75 years) are characterized by increased risks of iron deficiency and anemia, and are often underrepresented in studies evaluating the effects of donor characteristics on red blood cells (RBC) transfusion effectiveness. The aim of this study was to conduct quality assessments of RBC concentrates from these unique age groups.Study designWe characterized 150 leukocyte‐reduced (LR)‐RBCs units from 75 teenage donors, who were matched by sex, and ethnicity with 75 older donors. LR‐RBC units were manufactured at three large blood collection centers in the USA and Canada. Quality assessments included storage hemolysis, osmotic hemolysis, oxidative hemolysis, osmotic gradient ektacytometry, hematological indices, and RBC bioactivity.ResultsRBC concentrates from teenage donors had smaller (9%) mean corpuscular volume and higher (5%) RBC concentration compared with older donors counterparts. Stored RBCs from teenage donors exhibited increased susceptibility to oxidative hemolysis (>2‐fold) compared with RBCs from older donors. This was observed at all testing centers independent of sex, storage duration, or the type of additive solution. RBCs from teenage male donors had increased cytoplasmatic viscosity and lower hydration compared with older donor RBCs. Evaluations of RBC supernatant bioactivity suggested that donor age was not associated with altered expression of inflammatory markers (CD31, CD54, and IL‐6) on endothelial cells.ConclusionsThe reported findings are likely intrinsic to RBCs and reflect age‐specific changes in RBC antioxidant capacity and physical characteristics that may impact RBC survival during cold storage and after transfusion.