bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Behavioural change and cultural evolution, rather than cultural change: Insights for Australian Public Service Reform
Authors: Buick Fiona 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCultural change is often positioned as central to transformation within the Australian Public Service (APS). The ongoing focus on cultural change suggests it has not yet been realised, which is unsurprising, given it is so difficult to change. However, cultural change may also be impeded due to the way it is portrayed within the APS. This article draws on the work of Schein to identify three problems with how organisational culture and cultural change are portrayed in the APS, including the focus on a unified APS culture, the simplistic way in which culture is portrayed, and the general and high‐level claims for how to achieve cultural change. It provides three recommendations for how these problems can be addressed, including focusing on high‐level principles for conduct across the APS (rather than a unified APS culture), focusing on cultural evolution at the department, agency, and subunit levels, and supporting cultural evolution through establishing mechanisms for behavioural change. Adopting this approach could enable the APS to realise desired changes and enable success of the Albanese Government's APS reform agenda.Points for practitioners
Cultural change is difficult to achieve due to culture being deeply embedded, underpinned by a stable system of values, beliefs, and assumptions.
Change could be realised within the APS through focusing on cultural evolution, rather than cultural change—specifically at the department, agency, and subunit levels where there is some compatibility between existing and desired cultures.
Cultural evolution requires the identification of the specific behaviours required for effective change, followed by a reconfiguration of a range of mechanisms required to embed and reinforce behavioural change.
Leaders play a central role in facilitating behavioural change and cultural evolution, but doing this effectively may require leadership cognitive shifts; therefore, leaders need support and development.
Elevated carbon‐dioxide effects on wheat grain quality differed under contrasting nitrogen and phosphorus fertiliser supply
Authors: Chakwizira E. , Dunbar H. J. , Andrews M. , Moot D. J. , Teixeira E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAtmospheric carbon‐dioxide concentration ([CO2]) is increasing rapidly, but its interactions with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertiliser on wheat grain quality are not well understood. We investigated the effects of ambient CO2 (aCO2; ∼410 ppm) and elevated CO2 (eCO2; 760 ppm) on crop harvest index (CHI), nutrient harvest index (NuHI), shoot macro‐nutrient content and grain macro‐nutrient concentration of wheat grown under two contrasting amounts of N (0.5 and 6 mol m−3 NO3− N) and P (10 and 250 mmol P m−3) fertiliser supply (low and optimum, respectively). Our results highlighted interactions between [CO2] and N and P fertiliser supply for the shoot biomass at anthesis and straw biomass at harvest maturity. This was because biomass yield did not respond to CO2 level when fertiliser was deficient. However, shoot and straw yield increased (10.0–‐34.0%) with increasing [CO2] at optimum fertiliser rates. Across experiments, grain yield increased (15.6%) with increasing [CO2], which resulted in grain nutrient concentration decreasing (3.0–‐13.0%) with increasing [CO2]. This was attributed to nutrient 'dilution' due to increased carbohydrate content in the grain. Overall, fertiliser supply impacted crop responses more than CO2 treatments, and the impact was greater under N than P deficiency. This was reflected through conservative values for CHI, thousand grain weight and NuHIs suggesting plants allocated biomass and nutrients at similar rates for vegetative and reproductive organs independent of [CO2].
Manipulating table beet growth using exogeneous gibberellic acid 3 in New York, USA
Authors: Pethybridge Sarah J. , Murphy Sean , Branch Eric , Sharma Pratibha , Kikkert Julie R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTable beet (Beta vulgaris ssp. vulgaris) root suitability for processing into cans and jars is dictated by quality and shoulder diameter (crown width). For shoulder diameter, roots are sorted into six classes and those in the small (19.1–44.5 mm) and small/medium (44.6–40.8 mm) classes are considered suitable. Smaller (≤19 mm) roots are usually lost in harvesting while larger (≥40.9 mm) roots are typically discarded. Exogenous (foliar‐applied) gibberellic acid 3 (GA3) may alter source‐sink carbohydrate partitioning with potential advantages for processing table beet producers. Small plot replicated trials were conducted in each of 3 years (2020, 2021 and 2022) to evaluate the effect and optimal timing of exogenous GA3 on table beet yield components in New York, USA. GA3 was applied as ProGibb at 30 ppm in all trials and as ProGibb at 30 ppm and FalGro 2X LV at 67 ppm (label rates) in 2022. GA3 as ProGibb resulted in significant increases in foliar health attributes (leaf blade length and width, petiole diameter, normalized difference vegetative index and dry weight of foliage). GA3 as ProGibb significantly reduced average root shoulder diameter and affected the percentage of roots in various size categories. The percentage of tiny roots (<19 mm) was significantly decreased while the percentage of small roots was increased. The percentage of small/medium roots were unaffected. In 2022, the percentage of small roots was significantly increased compared to nontreated plots but was not significantly different between GA3 as either ProGibb or FalGro applied at 42 or 62 Days after Planting (DAP). Exogenous GA3 had no consistent, significant effect on the severity of the foliar disease, Cercospora leaf spot. The significant increase in foliar health attributes from GA3 is beneficial for harvest that relies upon top pulling machinery. Increases in the percentage of small roots and reductions in tiny roots can reduce wasted crop input investments. The optimal number of GA3 applications was seasonally dependent, ranging from a single application at 40 or 62 DAP in 2 years, to two applications in 2021. GA3 applications late (>80 DAP) in the cropping season had no significant effect on foliar health attributes or root yield components. The implications of these results on the New York table beet processing industry are discussed.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms in inducible nitric oxide synthase gene are not associated with persistent apical periodontitis
Authors: Meyfarth Sandra Regina Santos , Antunes Lívia Azeredo Alves , da Silva Tavares Jhenyfer , Guimarães Ludmila da Silva , da Silva Erlange Andrade Borges , Baratto‐Filho Flares , Küchler Erika Calvano , Silva‐Sousa Alice Corrêa , Sousa‐Neto Manoel Damião , Antunes Leonardo Santos 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate whether there is an association between inducible in single nucleotide polymorphisms in nitric oxide synthase (rs2297518 and rs2779249) and persistent apical periodontitis. A total of 291 Brazilian subjects were included: 125 with signs/symptoms of persistent apical periodontitis and 166 with root canal‐treated teeth exhibiting healthy perirradicular tissues. Endodontically treated patients were followed up after 1 year. The two single nucleotide polymorphisms in nitric oxide synthase were analysed using real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Chi‐square test and odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals were performed to compare genotype distributions between ‘healed’ and ‘persistent apical periodontitis’ groups (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate SNP–SNP interactions. The allele and genotype distributions for the polymorphisms between the persistent apical periodontitis and healed groups were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). In the logistic regression analysis, the polymorphisms were not associated with persistent apical periodontitis and SNP–SNP interactions.
Resisting exclusion: DACAmented Latinx youth workers' facultad and conocimiento in community‐based educational spaces
Authors: Ventura Julissa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractYouth workers in community‐based educational spaces often take on multiple roles in supporting young people such as mentors, cultural brokers, and educators. Youth workers' knowledge and expertise, however, are still undervalued in education. This article draws on a community‐based ethnography with DACAmented Latinx youth workers to highlight how their personal experiences with immigration and education caused arrebatos, which led to them using their facultad and conocimiento, in their community‐based pedagogical practices.
Rural nutrition and dietetics research—Future directions
Authors: Alston Laura , Heaney Susan , Kent Katherine , Godrich Stephanie , Kocanda Lucy , Herbert Jaimee , Schumacher Tracy , Brown Leanne J. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to summarise key evidence from recent Australian rural nutrition research and provide recommendations for future nutrition and dietetics research with rural communities.ContextClear evidence demonstrates that diet plays a role in the health gap between rural and metropolitan Australia. Despite the opportunity to address the health of rural Australians through better nutrition, alarmingly low investment in nutrition and dietetics research has occurred historically, and over the past decade.ApproachA review of the evidence was undertaken by rural nutrition and dietetics leaders to provide a commentary piece to inform future rural nutrition research efforts.ConclusionEstablishing strong, collaborative place‐based nutrition and dietetics research teams are necessary to combat the significant gaps in the scientific knowledge of solutions to improve nutrition in rural Australia. Further, dieticians and nutritionists who live in and understand the rural contexts are yet to be fully harnessed in research, and better engaging with these professionals will have the best chance of successfully addressing the nutrition‐related disease disparity between rural and metropolitan Australia.
The market mindset erodes social mindfulness
Authors: Xiao Huiwen , Xin Ziqiang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have mainly explored the impacts of social mindfulness on social behaviours (e.g., cooperation), little is known about crucial macro social environment factors that affect social mindfulness, like the market economy. With the development of the market economy, people typically acquire the self‐centred and rational market mindset which may suppress social mindfulness. Therefore, the current study aimed to examine the causal relationship between the market mindset and social mindfulness, as well as the psychological mechanism behind the effect. In Study 1, participants whose market mindset was activated by recalling market experiences showed lower social mindfulness than those whose non‐market mindset was activated by recalling other experiences. Studies 2 and 3 explored the mediation of perspective taking and state empathy behind the detrimental effect. It was found that the relationship between the market mindset and social mindfulness was mediated by perspective taking rather than by state empathy. Together, the present three studies expand the existing literature on the relationship between the market mindset and social mindfulness and remind policymakers to pay attention to the adverse effects of the market mindset on social mindfulness.
Genetically proxied intestinal microbiota and risk of erectile dysfunction
Authors: Zhang Fuxun , Xiong Yang , Zhang Yangchang , Wu Kan , Zhang Bo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe interaction between intestinal microbiota and erectile dysfunction (ED) is less investigated. This study was performed to explore the association between intestinal microbiota and ED.MethodsIn this two‐sample Mendelian randomization (MR) study, genetic variants of gut microbiota were obtained from MiBioGen consortium containing 18,340 individuals. Six methods including inverse variance weighting (IVW), MR‐Egger, weighted median, maximum likelihood, MR robust adjusted profile score, and MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier were used to investigate the causal links between intestinal microbiota and ED. Furthermore, reverse MR analysis was performed to exclude the causal impact of ED on gut microbiota.ResultsAs revealed by the IVW estimator, the risks of ED were raised by genetically proxied Lachnospiraceae (OR: 1.27), Lachnospiraceae NC2004 group (OR: 1.17), Oscillibacter (OR: 1.20), Senegalimassilia (OR: 1.32) (All P < 0.05) and Tyzzerella‐3 (OR: 1.14, P < 0.05). It was observed that Ruminococcaceae UCG013 exerted protective effect against ED (OR: 0.77, P < 0.05). These results were consistent with other estimators in sensitivity analyses. In reverse MR analyses, genetic liability to ED did not alter the abundances of Lachnospiraceae, Lachnospiraceae NC2004 group, Oscillibacter, Senegalimassilia, Tyzzerella‐3, and Ruminococcaceae UCG013 (All P > 0.05). No heterogeneity and pleiotropy were detected by Cochran's Q‐test, MR‐Egger, and global test (All P > 0.05).ConclusionsThis study provided novel evidence that genetically proxied Lachnospiraceae, Lachnospiraceae NC2004 group, Oscillibacter, Senegalimassilia, Tyzzerella‐3, and Ruminococcaceae UCG013 had potentially causal effects on ED. Further studies are needed to clarify the biological mechanisms linking intestinal microbiota to ED.
Increasing averaging beats improves the test accuracy on Holter‐based late potentials in patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Hashimoto Kenichi , Harada Naomi , Kimata Motohiro , Kawamura Yusuke , Fujita Naoya , Sekizawa Akinori , Ono Yosuke , Obuchi Yasuhiro , Takayama Tadateru , Kasamaki Yuji , Tanaka Yuji 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of Holter‐based late potentials (H‐LPs) in cases of fatal cardiac events has increased. Although the noise level of H‐LP is higher than that of conventional real‐time late potential (LP) recording, a procedure to reduce the noise severity in H‐LP by increasing the averaging beats has not been investigated.MethodsWe enrolled 104 patients with post‐myocardial infarction (MI) and 86 control participants. Among the patients, 30 reported sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), and the remaining 74 had unrecorded VT. H‐LPs were measured twice in all groups to evaluate the efficacy of increasing the averaging beats for H‐LPs. Thereafter, the average of LP was calculated at 250 (default setting), 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, and 800 beats.ResultsAcross all three groups (MI‐VT group, MI non‐VT group, and control group), the noise levels significantly decreased in consonance with the increase in averaging beats. In the MI‐VT group, the H‐LP positive rate considerably increased with the increase in the averaging beats from 250 to 800 both at night and daytime. In the MI‐VT group, the LP parameters significantly deteriorated, which led to a positive judgment corresponding to the increment of the averaged night and day beats. The H‐LP positive rates were unchanged in the MI non‐VT and control groups, while the LP parameters remained consistent, despite the increased averaging beats in the MI non‐VT and control groups.ConclusionIncreasing the calculated averaging beats in H‐LPs can improve the sensitivity of predicting fatal cardiac events in patients with MI.
Comparability of input parameters in the German Retina.net ROP registry and the EU‐ROP registry – An exemplary comparison between 2011 and 2021
Authors: Winter K. , Pfeil J. M. , Engmann H. , Aisenbrey S. , Lorenz B. , Hufendiek K. , Breuss H. , Khattab M. , Süsskind D. , Kakkassery V. , Lagrèze W. A. , Barth T. , Liegl R. , Bründer M. C. , Skevas C. , Goldammer I. , Glitz B. , Michalewicz E. , Krohne T. U. , Bartmann I. R. , Stahl A. ,   for the Retina.net ROP and EU‐ROP registry study groups
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeThe German Retina.net ROP registry and its Europe‐wide successor, the EU‐ROP registry, collect data from patients treated for ROP. This analysis compares input parameters of these two registries to establish a procedure for joint analyses of different registry data using exemplary datasets from the two registries.MethodsExemplary datasets from the two databases over a 1‐year period each (German Retina.net ROP Registry, 2011, 22 infants; EU‐ROP Registry, 2021, 44 infants) were compared. The parameters documented in the two databases were aligned and analysed regarding demographic parameters, treatment modalities, complications within first 24 h and retreatments.ResultsThe current analysis showed that data can be aligned for joint analyses with some adjustments within the data structure. The registry with more detailed data collection (EU‐ROP) needs to be reduced regarding granularity in order to align the different registries, as the registry with lower granularity determines the level of analyses that can be performed in a comparative approach. In the exemplary datasets, we observed that the overall most common ROP severity in both registries was zone II, 3+ (2011: 70.5%; 2021: 65%), with decreasing numbers of clock hours showing preretinal neovascularisations (2011: 10–12 clock hours in 29% of cases, 2021: 4–6 clock hours in 38%). The most prevalent treatment method was laser coagulation in 2011 (75%) and anti‐VEGF therapy in 2021 (86.1%). Within the anti‐VEGF group, all patients were treated with bevacizumab in 2011 and with ranibizumab in 2021. Retreatment rates were comparable in 2011 and 2021.ConclusionData from two different ROP registries can be aligned and jointly analysed. The analysis reveals a paradigm shift in treatment modalities, from predominantly laser to anti‐VEGF, and within the anti‐VEGF group from bevacizumab to ranibizumab in Germany. In addition, there was a trend towards earlier treatment in 2021.
Clinical and clonal characteristics of monoclonal immunoglobulin M‐associated type I cryoglobulinaemia
Authors: Khwaja Jahanzaib , Vos Josephine M. I. , Pluimers Tessa E. , Japzon Nicole , Patel Aisha , Salter Simon , Kwakernaak Arjan J. , Gupta Rajeev , Rismani Ali , Kyriakou Charalampia , Wechalekar Ashutosh D. , D'Sa Shirley 
Published: September 2023

SummaryMonoclonal immunoglobulin M‐associated type I cryoglobulinaemia is poorly characterised. We screened 534 patients with monoclonal IgM disorders over a 9‐year period and identified 134 patients with IgM type I cryoglobulins. Of these, 76% had Waldenström macroglobulinaemia (WM), 5% had other non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and 19% had IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Clinically relevant IgM‐associated disorders (including cold agglutinin disease [CAD], anti‐MAG antibodies, amyloidosis and Schnitzler syndrome) coexisted in 31%, more frequently in MGUS versus WM/NHL (72% vs. 22%/29%, p < 0.001). The majority of those with cryoglobulins and coexistent CAD/syndrome had the molecular characteristics of a CAD clone (wild‐type MYD88 in 80%). A half of all patients had active manifestations at cryoglobulin detection: vasomotor (22%), cutaneous (16%), peripheral neuropathy (22%) and hyperviscosity (9%). 16/134 required treatment for cryoglobulin‐related symptoms alone at a median of 38 days (range: 6–239) from cryoglobulin detection. At a median follow‐up of 3 years (range: 0–10), 3‐year cryoglobulinaemia‐treatment‐free survival was 77% (95% CI: 68%–84%). Age was the only predictor of overall survival. Predictors of cryoglobulinaemia‐related treatment/death were hyperviscosity (HR: 73.01; 95% CI: 15.62–341.36, p < 0.0001) and cutaneous involvement (HR: 2.95; 95% CI: 1.13–7.71, p = 0.028). Type I IgM cryoglobulinaemia is more prevalent than previously described in IgM gammopathy and should be actively sought.
Reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Visual Function Classification System for children with cerebral palsy
Authors: Nishibu Hisato , Ikeda Yousuke , Inoue Takahito , Himuro Nobuaki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundChildren with cerebral palsy (CP) often experience visual dysfunction that affects motor function and activities of daily living, but no ‘gold standard’ classification of visual function has been established. In recent years, however, a valid and reliable Visual Function Classification System (VFCS) for children with CP has been developed.AimsTo examine the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the VFCS in individuals with CP.MethodsThe translation of the VFCS was performed according to international standards for the translation of measurements. We conducted questionnaires of professionals (three physicians, eight physical therapists, five occupational therapists, six speech–language–hearing therapists and a certified orthoptist) regarding the content validity of the Japanese version of the VFCS. For reliability and concurrent validity, 148 individuals with CP were classified twice by professionals using the Japanese version of the VFCS, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS), Manual Ability Classification System (MACS), Communication Function Classification System (CFCS) and Eating and Drinking Ability Classification System (EDACS), with several weeks between each evaluation.ResultsThe content validity of the Japanese version of the VFCS almost met the criteria set. The percentage of positive and neutral opinions given by the professionals with regard to the four items ranged from 74% to 92%. The intra‐rater reliability was 0.86 (95% CI 0.75–0.96) by Cohen's kappa and 0.93 (95% CI 0.88–0.96) by intraclass correlation coefficient. The inter‐rater reliability was 0.67 (95% CI 0.56–0.78) by Cohen's kappa and 0.79 (95% CI 0.69–0.86) by intraclass correlation coefficient. The Spearman correlation coefficients between the VFCS and the GMFCS, MACS, CFCS and EDACS were 0.783, 0.764, 0.738, 0.738 and 0.830, respectively. The concurrent validity was confirmed by the correlations observed with other classification systems.ConclusionsThe results indicated good reliability and validity for the Japanese version of the VFCS.