bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Impact of the Repetition of the Pronoun in the Endowment and Initiation
Authors: Ahmed Nadem 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Despite the many researches in the Qur’an, its diversity, and the multiplicity of its methods, it is still an inexhaustible resource, its miraculousness and wonders. The motive for choosing the topic (the effect of the repetition of the pronoun in the endowment and the initiation) is because it is in one of the links of grammar and has a connection with the sciences of the Holy Qur’an; and it reveals its impact on the endowment and the beginning, so I opened it with an introduction in which I mentioned the reason for choosing the topic of the research, after which a prelude to the definition of the terms of the title of the research, followed by three demands; I dealt within the first requirement: the unification of the repetition of pronouns and their dismantling, and in the second: the repetition of the pronoun on the advanced or the late, and in the third: the repetition of the pronoun on the nearest or farthest and the impact of this on the endowment and the beginning. The research ends with Aconclusion which includes the most important resuhts, for instance, the poronoun of the endowment has agreat significance in explaining the place of the endowment, and that the scholars preferred the place of the endowment, taking into account the principle that the order of pronouns takes precedence over dismantling, and the principle of the return of the pronoun to the closest mentioned, and the principle of the permissibility of the pronoun returning to a later pronunciation if there is a presumption to help it, and that the pronoun determines the endowment and does not specify its type.
Extremism, Its Causes, and Its Negative Consequences for Society
Authors: Ali Thawra 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Researching, scrutinizing and revealing the roots of extremism, terrorism and violence in historical and religious sources and references are among the thorny, complex and important issues today, because they have become a serious issue of great importance in life, of Muslims. Extremism and the accompanying violence and terrorism can be attributed to several internal and external factors. The internal factors related to the lives of Muslims can be attributed to the exaggeration in the interpretation of the texts contained in the Qur’an and the Sunnah, and the lack of understanding of the reality of sciences and their applications. This exaggerated and extremist approach of some Islamic sects has reappeared today in a new dress, perhaps with an external motive to seduce Muslims, divide them, weaken their status, and make them into different sects conflicting among themselves. What helped the emergence of extremism, terrorism and the politics of violence is the wrong call that some sects are promoting today to return Islam to the religion (the predecessor) without to the truth of moderate Islam, the middle nation, Thus, the media difference became mouthpieces calling for the blasphemy of the violators, and even murder, and contributed to the media of the modern era of satellite channels, means of communication and publications, and it became easy for some ignorant people to see them, which contributed to the emergence of ISIS (external) extremism again.
Factors Affecting the Trends of Interpretation: A Critical Study
Authors: Zorao Mahmoud 
Published: March 2023

In this paper the researcher dealt with some definitions such as (the direction, the approach and the method), then has dealt with the old trends and the factors affecting them. Since the emergence of interpretation to the era of codification, and then dealt with interpretation trends from the categorization era to the twentieth century AD, the researcher mentioned the golden age of Islam and the flourishing of science and knowledge at the beginning The Abbasid era, and then the fall of the Caliphate and the scourge and destruction that befell the Islamic world in its east and west, destroying Islamic civilization and burning precious libraries and blogs in all sciences and knowledge, and the Islamic nation fell into a deep sleep until the end of the nineteenth century AD, the Islamic Renaissance, so schools and universities were opened and the country developed administratively Politically, scientifically and culturally, new trends have been emerged in interpretation according to the new era, some of them are good and some are bad.

In this research, three main factors have been presented that have a significant impact on the trends of interpretation, which are (the personal qualities of the interpreter, the conditional sciences of interpretation, and the environment or the reality surrounding the interpreter). Interpretations preserve the correct interpretation of the explanatory heritage of the three generations (the Companions, the Followers and the Followers of the Followers
The use of Industrial Posters and Graphic Expressions in acquiring the concepts of the Prophet's biography for Students of Qur’anic Science and Islamic Education
Authors: Mohammed Yousif , Tawfeeq Marwan 
Published: March 2023

The world is witnessing tremendous development and progress in all areas of life, including the field of education and the means used in it. Therefore, the researchers sought to identify the use of (industrial) murals and graphic expression and their impact on acquiring the concepts of the Prophet’s biography among students of the Department of Quranic Sciences and developing their altruistic behavior to learn from the material. The researchers designed a partial controlled experimental design and intentionally selected a sample of second-year students in the Department of Qur’anic Sciences at the College of Education for Human Sciences, Tikrit University, and on the classroom platform for e-learning. The sample consisted of (77) students who were divided into three classes, and by (27) students for the first experimental group, (25) students for the second experimental group, and (25) students for the third control group. The researchers rewarded the research groups as mentioned in the limits of the research. The research subject (the Noble Biography of the Prophet for the second stage in the departments of Quranic sciences and Islamic education), and in the light of its content, the researchers identified the Islamic concepts from the Biography of the Prophet, which numbered (14) concepts, and in light of it, the researchers prepared behavioral goals numbering (60) behavioral goals, and prepared plans Teaching, the researchers prepared a test for acquiring the concepts of the Prophet's biography of the type (multiple choice) of (30) paragraphs. The two researchers verified the apparent validity, the content validity, its discriminatory strength and the difficulty coefficient, and extracted its stability using the Pearson correlation coefficient, which amounted to (0.84). The two researchers adopted the Altruistic Behavior Scale of Al-Daoudi (2004), the researchers studied the two research groups themselves, and after completing the experiment, the researchers applied the test of acquiring concepts in the Prophet’s biography and the dimensional altruistic behavior scale on the research groups, and after completing the application, the data were statistically treated using the SPSS computer program. The fourth chapter includes the conclusion and in the fifth chapter, the researchers concluded, recommended and make the suggestions.
The Evolution of Writing in the Science of Counting and Methodologies adopted by its Authors
Authors: Al-Humairi Bashir 
Published: March 2023

Objectives:
1- Demonstrate the evolution of writing in the Science of Counting Verses
2- trace the literature in verse counting, and classification of each book into its relevant phase.
3- Classifying writing phases, in terms of time span and content.
Methodology:
The methodology adopted is inductive, analytical, and historical methods.
Main Results:
1- The books of the science of counting verses gradually added verse counters, ultimately mentioning them all.
2- The demonstration of oldest books within this science, showing the historic order and degree of inclusiveness of all topics part of the Science of Counting
3- The importance of only writing on the history of sciences following the examination of diverse writings within a science, in terms of time and methodology.
Recommendations:
- To highlight a need to reassess the critical reproduction of some books on verse counting, in consideration to the impulsiveness of some authors during reproduction.
- To attract much attention to this science, especially among Quran reciters.
History, innovation and establishment of Islamic culture course in the Arabic Universities: Qatar experience as an example
Authors: Farhat Muhammed 
Published: March 2023

This research sheds light on the early beginnings of the inception of Islamic Culture course by Sheikh Muhammed Ragheb Al-Tabbakh, who wrote a book for students of Sharia institutes in Aleppo and Damascus. Ragheb Al-Tabbakh’s book differs in content from the book written by Muhammed Al-Mubarak’s book (the Scheme of Islam), which was then termed as “Islamic Culture”. The book presents Islam as a ‘comprehensive scheme’. This study focuses on the role of Muhammed Al-Mubarak in making his book acknowledge and approved by the Association of Arab Universities. The study also demonstrates Muhammed Al-Mubarak’s role in significantly contributing in preparing ‘Islamic syllabuses’ in different Arab Universities. The study then addresses Adnan Zarzour enormous contributions to Islamic culture and university syllabuses. In the last section, the study talks about Muhammed Al-Musleh who is considered as one of the most well-known students of Adnan Zarzour at Qatar University. Qatar University has adopted a creative development strategy to re-examine and improve the prescribed syllabus at both theoretical and practical levels. There is a need to develop the syllabus, especially as a result of recent challenges that the modern generation encountered with.
The verses in which the word Halim is mentioned in the Holy Qur’an
Authors: Mohieldin Imad 
Published: March 2023

God Almighty gives His servants an interval, and is not provoked by their disobedience to Him, because if God wanted to grasp them during their disobedience, God would take them, would take a dear, capable powerful nature.
* God Almighty mentioned in the Noble Qur’an the word Halim in fourteen verses.
* God Almighty praised the Prophet of God Ibrahim and Ismail (peace be upon them) in the Noble Qur’an and described them as “Haleem” for their high status and high rank, and as a reward for their patience over the great trials they were afflicted with.
* God Almighty praised the immigrants who migrated for the sake of God Almighty and have sacrificed themselves and their money for the advancement and spread of Islam.
* Manna and harm are among the causes of depriving the servant of reward and reward.

* Creation’s glorification of his Lord is a manifestation of their submission and servitude to Him, Glory be to Him, so the servant should join the convoy of the glorified ones, and he should not waste time in this world with things that will not save him from the punishment of God Almighty on the Day of Resurrection.
Jurisprudential Issues Involved in the Interpretation of: the goal of wishes, by Al-Kurani (T.: 398 AH) in Surat Al-Nisa – personal affairs: a Contrastive Study
Authors: Abdul-Ilah Shuaa , Saleh Nafeh 
Published: March 2023

Jurisprudential issues contained in Tafsir: The Goal of Wishes, by Al-Kurani (T.: 398 AH) in Surat An-Nisa in Personal Status (a comparative study.)

The idea of the research is to collect the jurisprudential issues contained in the interpretation of the goal of the wishes, and to clarify the sayings of the jurists from the four schools of thought with the Zaydiyyah and the Zahiriyya, and their liberation and the statement of the most correct ones and its justifications. We were keen not to be intolerant of a particular doctrine, and we chose from the sayings according to what appeared to us from the evidence, in order to reach the correctness, God bless our Prophet Muhammad and his family.
The Rule of Jurisprudence Its Definition, its Origin and Development
Authors: Hussein Zainab 
Published: March 2023

In the name of of Allah the Merciful
Praise be to God. We praise Him, seek His help, and seek His forgiveness, and I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger (PBUH), and upon all his family and companions, and those who follow them in goodness until the Day of Judgment.
Then:
The definition of jurisprudence rules as a science of a specific science has been the multiplicity of the sayings of scholars, ancient and modern. Their idiomatic definitions of the rule abounded based on the understanding of knowledge of its nature and functions.
After examining these definitions and the criticisms leveled against them, the researcher tries to form a definition of the jurisprudential rule based on the definitions of those who preceded this study, trying to avoid the objections to which they were directed as: “a case of a jurisprudential college from which the rulings of its parts are known.”

The science of jurisprudence has taken an evolutionary path in its inception, and it has not placed as a single science, but rather its concepts have been formed and formulated gradually.
An Explanation of the Protection of the Narration in Matters of guidance by Muhammad bin Mustafa Musleh al-Din al-Qujuwi, who is known as Sheikh Zadeh (951 AH) ((From his saying: an adult or virgin guardian is not forced .... to his saying then we have ev
Authors: Ibrahim Iman , Al-Qaisi Muhammad 
Published: March 2023

This is a summary of a research entitled “Explanation of the Narration’s Protection in Issues of Gift” by Muhammad bin Mustafa Musleh al-Din al-Qujwi, famous for Sheikh Zadeh (951 AH), from no guardian is forced, an adult or a virgin ….…..we have all and will not yeh squid), which is one of the most important texts in jurisprudence. Al-Hanafi, which was designed to convey the origin of the doctrine and the issues of the apparent meaning of the narration, in the most common issues and the majority. He did not contradict that except in a few issues, and because it contained valuable jurisprudential material, and in order to show its treasures to the Islamic jurisprudence library that is in great need for that, I chose to investigate its topics.
The research contains an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter includes a brief account about the life of the interpreter (Sheikh Zadeh), and the second topic was the definition of the book explaining prevention, and it included three demands ,and The third topic was the investigated text and it was from the door of the guardian to the statement of the explainer and no guardian is forced an adult or early…..we have all and will not), and then a conclusion in which the most important results are mentioned. Finally there are the sources and references.
The Impact of Dialectical Studies on the Description of the Morphological Structures
Authors: Kamel Ahmed 
Published: March 2023

Dialect constitutes an ecosystem in all languages that is by nature part of a broader and comprehensive environment that includes several dialects, each of which has its own distinct characteristics, and all of them are linked by a group of linguistic phenomena that facilitate the communication of members of these environments with each other and the understanding of what may take place from speech. It is the term Its name ((language)) is the relationship between language and dialect is the relationship between the general and the specific, as it has been proven, and in light of the above, the research has dealt with an original scientific view of issues presented in the course of the research, including:
The view of Arab scholars to different forms of dialects.

we can say that the interest in the dialectic lesson on the part of the Arabs stands the auditor’s position at the beginning of the study of modern dialects that appeared at the hands of the Orientalists who came to the Arab world to research its conditions and culture, and most of these studies were modest based on collecting the material and studying it in a traditional way.
The Opinion of Al-Kamal ibn Al-Hamam (D. 861 AH) in Mental Approval and Disapproval - A contrasive study
Authors: Abdullah Hiba , Mohamed  
Published: March 2023

Praise is to Allah Almighty, Lord of the worlds, and the blessings and peace of Allah Almighty is upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and companions.
My research is titled (The opinion of al-Kamal ibn al-Hamam (D. 861 AH) in Mental Approval and Disapproval - a comparative study-) in which I dealt with the personal opinions from the doctrinal aspect, and I found that it expanded in the narration of opinions with invoking evidence from the Holy Qur’an and the purified Sunnah of the Prophet, and sometimes evidence from Reason and discuss its opponents in all scientific ways and put examples for clarification, giving preference to what he deems appropriate.

Kamal bin al-Hamam - may Allah Almighty have mercy on him - has proven the issue of mental Approval and Disapproval, and that they are understood by reason, that intellect according to Kamal bin al-Hamam - may Allah Almighty have mercy on him - is the basis of knowledge.
Ibn al-Akhdar al-Baghdadi and His efforts in the Science of men
Authors: Nouri Ahmed 
Published: March 2023

Imam Abu Muhammad Ibn al-Akhdar is considered as one of the scholars of Iraq in the middle of the sixth century and the beginning of the seventh century. He had been known in the sciences of men, but as a result of hard times there has been lost much of the nation’s heritage. That loss includes the books and writings of Ibn al-Akhdar al-Baghdadi, but we were able to collect what was available to us from his sayings in he taught men it is discovered that about thirty sayings of him in al-Jarh and al-Ta’deel, and he relied on his sayings by scholars after him. We hope we may find something written from him in the future. God bless our master Muhammad and his family and companions.
The role of Islamic education teachers in promoting the values of faith among middle school students in the judiciary in Al-dour and Al-alam in salah Al-Din Governorate
Authors: Khudhur Sabah 
Published: March 2023

The study sought to identify the role of Islamic education teachers in promotingthe values of faith among middle.school students in the Durr and Science judgements. The researcher used the descriptive curriculum in his study because it is the appropriate curriculum for ths stud.The study community is represented by middleschool teachersn the Dor and Science judgement. The number of schools for the 2021/2022 academic year was(45)including(22) secondary schools for boys, (17) secondary schools for girls and (6) mixed schools. To achieve the purpose of the study and to indicate its objective, the researcher prepared a sample of six areas derived from the pillars of faith. He then confirmed the validity of the study and the distribution of(80) schools and (8)schools The study, with (40) male teachers and (40) female teachers,the results of the study showed that the role of Islamic education teachers in promoting the values of faith among middle school students was high. The results of the study also showed that the appreciation of Islamic education teachers for the fields of faith value(promoting the values of faith in God, strengthening the values of faith in angels, promoting the values of faith in the apostles, strengthening the values of faith in divine books, promoting the values of faith in fate, its good and its evil, and the instrument as a whole) were high as well. The researcher recommended paying attention to the values of faith in educational and educational programs,he also recommended the inclusion of areas of religious values in the Ministry of Education's curricula, stressing the need to continuously evaluate the areas of religious values that students have acquired, and to conduct more studies at different stages of study to identify the effects of religious values on students' behavior and its reflection on society.
The stages of interpretation among Jewish scholars and philosopher (A comparative study)
Authors: Bashir Saad , Mahmoud Farhan 
Published: March 2023

It is significant to state that the phenomenon of interpreting sacred texts is one of the ancient phenomena and one of the most important topics that the Jewish philosophers have been concerned with. Since their holy book was interpreted by the clergy, that is, the Talmudic rabbis, as it is explained by the Jewish philosophers, and they confirmed that the texts of their Bible are ambiguous and need some clarification. The methods that their philosophers used in interpreting the sacred text is the symbolic method, which aims to extract the inner meaning of the text, and they considered that the process of interpretation is carried out only by those with supreme end minds from scholars and philosophers.
The Answers of Al-Qaduri to the Inference of the Violators with the Verses of the Rulings through the book of abstraction: The Revocable Divorce as a Model
Authors: Abbas Hussein , Mikhlif Ahmed 
Published: March 2023

The research deals with Qudduri’s answers to the inference of the violators with the verses of the rulings in the revocable divorce, and its impact on the family and society. Then how to treat it, and reduce it to the extent of its spread between the spouses, in terms of the legal rulings resulting from it. The jurists (may God have mercy on them), and their evidence, and discuss them to reach the most correct opinion.
The most prominent findings of this study are:
• Imam al-Qudduri (may God have mercy on him) attained a high scholarly status until he became the head of the school of thought in Iraq, and al-Dhabi said about him that he was called the Hanafi sheikh.
• That who are the foundations upon which society and husbands are based, is the love and affection between the spouses that brings out a good generation from their home, and divorce spoils that because of the dispersal of the family, but the Shari’a permitted it for the benefit of the lack of compatibility between the spouses, and I legitimized the retroactive divorce to give the husband an opportunity to consider what he has done.
• Return is obtained by word and deed, provided that the action is combined with the intention.

• Witnessing the return has become necessary to preserve the limits of Allah Almighty, and to establish rights between spouses