bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leaf morphology, optical characteristics and phytochemical traits of butterhead lettuce affected by increasing the far-red photon flux
Authors: Van de Velde Ellen , Steppe Kathy , Van Labeke Marie-Christine 
Published: August 2023

Light and its spectral characteristics are crucial for plant growth and development. The far-red photon flux mediates many plant processes through the action of phytochrome and also accelerates the photosynthetic electron transfer rate. In this study, we assessed the effects of far-red addition on butterhead lettuce morphology, light use efficiency, optical properties, and phytochemical characteristics. Three-week-old lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa L. cv. Alyssa) were grown for up to 28 days under a 10% blue and 90% red light spectrum (200 µmol m-2 s-1, 16 h photoperiod) to which five different intensities of far-red light (peak at 735 nm) were added (0-9-18-36-72 µmol m-2 s-1). White light-emitting diodes were included as a proxy for sunlight. Increasing supplemental far-red photon flux from zero to 21% increased the light use efficiency (g per mol) by 37% on day 14; 43% on day 21; and 39% on day 28. Measurements of projected head area suggest that this was associated with an increase in leaf expansion and photon capture and not necessarily a direct effect on photosynthesis. Moreover, vegetation indices based on leaf reflectance showed a decrease in chlorophyll-related indices under a high far-red photon flux. This decrease in pigment content was confirmed by chemical analyses, suggesting that the plants may not reach their full potential in terms of photon capture, limiting the overall photosynthetic performance. Furthermore, the stress-related Carter 1 index increased in plants grown under a high far-red photon flux, indicating early plant stress. Far-red tended to decrease the content of total phenolics and increase soluble sugars. The higher sugar levels can be attributed to an improved photochemical efficiency due to photosystem I excitation by far-red wavelengths, also known as the Emerson Enhancement effect. Despite these higher sugar levels, no effect on foliar nitrate content was observed. Our results show that far-red supplementation has the potential to enhance light interception at the early growth stages, although higher intensities of far-red may cause plant stress.
The impact of food insecurity on receipt of care, retention in care, and viral suppression among people living with HIV/AIDS in the United States: a causal mediation analysis
Authors: Bleasdale Jacob , Liu Yu , Leone Lucia A. , Morse Gene D. , Przybyla Sarahmona M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAttaining The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS 95-95-95 targets to end the HIV epidemic by 2030 will require a greater understanding of the underlying mechanisms influencing care engagement among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). One such mechanism is food insecurity, defined as limited or uncertain access to food. Food insecurity has been shown to significantly impact HIV outcomes. Yet, few studies have examined the mechanisms through which food insecurity may influence these outcomes. We aimed to examine the effects of nutritional, behavioral, and mental health mechanisms through which food insecurity may impact HIV care continuum outcomes: receipt of care, retention in care, and viral suppression.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of 200 PLWHA in New York State, United States from May-August 2022. Participants were recruited using convenience sampling methods. Multivariable logistic regression models were conducted to examine the associations between food insecurity and care continuum outcomes (receipt of care, retention in care, viral suppression), adjusting for age, race, ethnicity, education, income, and marital status. Individual causal mediation analyses were conducted to assess whether behavioral, mental health, and nutritional mechanisms mediated the hypothesized associations.ResultsThe median age of participants was 30 years (IQR: 27-37 years). The majority self-identified as Black (54.0%), male (55.5%) and straight/heterosexual (63.0%). Increasing severity of food insecurity was associated with greater odds of non-retention in care (aOR: 1.35, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.70) and viral non-suppression (aOR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.08, 1.54). For the impact of food insecurity on non-retention in care, there was an indirect relationship (natural indirect effect; NIE) mediated through Body Mass Index (BMI) (ORNIE: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.18). For viral non-suppression, there was an indirect relationship mediated through BMI (ORNIE: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.00,1.16) and an indirect relationship mediated through depression (ORNIE: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.47).DiscussionFood insecurity was associated with greater odds of non-retention in care and viral non-suppression among PLWHA. Nutritional and mental health pathways are important mediators of these relationships. Results highlight the need for interventions to target these pathways to address food insecurity as an underlying mechanism influencing engagement in HIV care.
In vivo exposure to bisphenol F induces oxidative testicular toxicity: role of Erβ and p53/Bcl-2 signaling pathway
Authors: Odetayo Adeyemi Fatai , Adeyemi Wale Johnson , Olayaki Luqman Aribidesi 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionBisphenol F (BPF), an alternative to bisphenol A has been implicated as a gonadotoxic substance. BPF has been shown to induce hormonal imbalance and testicular oxidative damage. However, the mechanism associated with BPF-induced testicular toxicity has not been fully explored. This study was designed to explore the role of tumor protein (p53)/ B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCl-2) signaling and oestrogen receptor beta (Erβ) in BPF-induced testicular toxicity.MethodsMale Wistar rats were randomized into control (Cntrl), BPF-treated (10, 30, and 50 mg/kg for low dose (BPF-L), medium dose (BPF-M), and high dose (BPF-H) respectively), and BPF-treated recovery (Cntrl-R, BPF-L-R, BPF-M-R, and BPF-H-R). The administration was via gavage and lasted for 28 days and the animals in the recovery groups were allowed 28-days exposure free period for recovery from BPF exposure.ResultsBPF resulted in the distortion of the testicular histoarchitecture, which was accompanied by a significant rise in testicular gamma-lutamyl transferase and lactate dehydrogenase activities but a decline in sorbitol dehydrogenase activities. Also, BPF caused a significant reduction in plasma gonadotropin-releasing hormone, luteinising hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and testosterone, which was associated with the downregulation of testicular 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities. Furthermore, BPF induced testicular inflammation, redox imbalance, and apoptosis, accompanied by distortion in p53/BCl-2 signaling and overexpression of Erβ. Again, the observed toxic effects of BPF were dose-dependent and not completely reversed by BPF cessation.DiscussionBisphenol F induced gonadotoxicity by distorting p53/BCl2 signaling and the expression of Erβ. These observed alterations were not completely reversed after the cessation of BPF exposure.
Quarantine Disinfestation of Papaya Mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) Using Gamma and X-rays Irradiation
Authors: Song Zi-Jiao , Zhao Qing-Ying , Ma Chen , Chen Ran-Ran , Ma Tian-Bi , Li Zhi-Hong , Zhan Guo-Ping 
Published: August 2023

Paracoccus marginatus is a highly polyphagous invasive pest that poses a significant quarantine threat to tropical and subtropical countries. Infested commodities in international trade should undergo phytosanitary treatment, and irradiation is recommended as a viable alternative to replace methyl bromide fumigation. Dose-response tests were conducted on the 2-, 4-, and 6-day-old eggs and gravid females of P. marginatus using the X-ray radiation doses of 15–105 Gy with an interval of 15 Gy. Radiotolerance was compared using ANOVA, fiducial overlapping and lethal dose ratio (LDR) test, resulting in no significant difference among treatments, except for the overall mortality and LDR at LD90 (a dose causing 90% mortality at 95% confidence level). The estimated dose for LD99.9968 was 176.5–185.2 Gy, which was validated in the confirmatory tests. No nymphs emerged from a total of 60,386 gravid females exposed to a gamma radiation dose range of 146.8–185.0 Gy in the confirmatory tests. The largest dose in confirmatory tests should be the minimum threshold for phytosanitary treatment, consequently, a minimum dose of 185 Gy is recommended for the phytosanitary irradiation treatment of papaya mealybug-infested commodities, ensuring a treatment efficacy of ≥99.9950% at 95% confidence level.
Surf Redfish-Based ZnO-NPs and Their Biological Activity with Reference to Their Non-Target Toxicity
Authors: Hasaballah Ahmed I. , El-Naggar Hussein A. , Abd-El Rahman Ibrahim E. , Al-Otibi Fatimah , Alahmadi Reham M. , Abdelzaher Othman F. , Kalaba Mohamed H. , Amin Basma H. , Mabrouk Mohamed M. , Gewida Ahmed G. A. , Abd El-Kader Marwa F. , Elbahnasawy Mostafa A. 
Published: August 2023

The marine environment is a rich source of bioactive compounds. Therefore, the sea cucumber was isolated from the Red Sea at the Al-Ain Al-Sokhna coast and it was identified as surf redfish (Actinopyga mauritiana). The aqueous extract of the surf redfish was utilized as an ecofriendly, novel and sustainable approach to fabricate zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs). The biosynthesized ZnO-NPs were physico-chemically characterized and evaluated for their possible antibacterial and insecticidal activities. Additionally, their safety in the non-target organism model (Nile tilapia fish) was also investigated. ZnO-NPs were spherical with an average size of 24.69 ± 11.61 nm and had a peak at 350 nm as shown by TEM and UV-Vis, respectively. XRD analysis indicated a crystalline phase of ZnO-NPs with an average size of 21.7 nm. The FTIR pattern showed biological residues from the surf redfish extract, highlighting their potential role in the biosynthesis process. DLS indicated a negative zeta potential (−19.2 mV) of the ZnO-NPs which is a good preliminary indicator for their stability. ZnO-NPs showed larvicidal activity against mosquito Culex pipiens (LC50 = 15.412 ppm and LC90 = 52.745 ppm) and a potent adulticidal effect to the housefly Musca domestica (LD50 = 21.132 ppm and LD90 = 84.930 ppm). Tested concentrations of ZnO-NPs showed strong activity against the 3rd larval instar. Topical assays revealed dose-dependent adulticidal activity against M. domestica after 24 h of treatment with ZnO-NPs. ZnO-NPs presented a wide antibacterial activity against two fish-pathogen bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Aeromonas hydrophila. Histopathological and hematological investigations of the non-target organism, Nile tilapia fish exposed to 75–600 ppm ZnO-NPs provide dose-dependent impacts. Overall, data highlighted the potential applications of surf redfish-mediated ZnO-NPs as an effective and safe way to control mosquitoes, houseflies and fish pathogenic bacteria.
Phosphodiesterase 5 and Arginase Inhibitory Activities of the Extracts from Some Members of Nelumbonaceae and Nymphaeaceae Families
Authors: Panklai Teerapap , Suphrom Nungruthai , Temkitthawon Prapapan , Totoson Perle , Chootip Krongkarn , Yang Xiao-Liang , Ge Hui-Ming , Yao Zhu-Jun , Chaichamnong Nattiya , Ingkaninan Kornkanok , Girard Corine 
Published: August 2023

The objectives of this study were (1) to investigate the effect of extracts from some plants in the families Nelumbonaceae and Nymphaeaceae on phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) and arginase, which have been used in erectile dysfunction treatment, and (2) to isolate and identify the compounds responsible for such activities. The characterization and quantitative analysis of flavonoid constituents in the active extracts were performed by HPLC. Thirty-seven ethanolic extracts from different parts of plants in the genus Nymphaea and Victoria of Nymphaeaceae and genus Nelumbo of Nelumbonaceae were screened for PDE5 and arginase inhibitory activities. The ethanolic extracts of the receptacles and pollens of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., petals of Nymphaea cyanea Roxb. ex G.Don, Nymphaea stellata Willd., and Victoria amazonica (Poepp.) Sowerby and the petals and receptacles of Nymphaea pubescens Willd. showed IC50 values on PDE5 of less than 25 μg/mL while none of the extracts showed effects on arginase. The most active extract, N. pubescens petal extract, was fractionated to isolate and identify the PDE5 inhibitors. The results showed that six flavonoid constituents including quercetin 3’-O-β-xylopyranoside (1), quercetin 3-methyl ether 3’-O-β-xylopyranoside (2), quercetin (3), 3-O-methylquercetin (4), kaempferol (5) and 3-O-methylkaempferol (6) inhibited PDE5 with IC50 values at the micromolar level.
Long-Distance Electric Truck Traffic: Analysis, Modeling and Designing a Demand-Oriented Charging Network for Germany
Authors: Menter Josef , Fay Tu-Anh , Grahle Alexander , Göhlich Dietmar 
Published: August 2023

The majority of freight in Germany is carried out by trucks, resulting in emitting approximately 9% of Germany’s carbon dioxide equivalent emissions. In particular, long-distance truck journeys contribute significantly to these emissions. This paper aims to explore the conditions and impacts of introducing E-Trucks in Germany by utilizing a microscopic traffic simulation approach. Therefore, five different electrification levels of the long-distance truck traffic are evaluated. The demand-oriented charging network dimensioning aims for a realistic and implementable design and is based on an average charging power of 720 kW. Additionaly, it considers the necessary infrastructure requirements at service and rest areas next to the motorway. The results of this research provide valuable insights in terms of usage, requirements and demand. For an electrification level of 1%, 177 chargers at 173 charging sites must be implemented, while 1296 chargers and 457 charging sites must be built for an electrification level of 20%. The increase in the electrification level leads to more efficient occupancy of the charging facilities; i.e., an increase from 1% to 5% improves the average occupation time ratio per charger by approximately 130%. Of the total energy consumed, 65% is recharged en-route at public chargers. Between Monday and Thursday, each 1% electrification level increase requires 2.68 GW h more energy for the public recharging network.
Inequities in hypertension management: observational cross-sectional study in North East London using electronic health records
Authors: Rison Stuart , Redfern Oliver , Dostal Isabel , Carvalho Chris , Mathur Rohini , Raisi-Estabragh Zahra , Robson John 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundHypertension is a key modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease – the leading cause of death in the UK. Good blood pressure (BP) control reduces mortality. However, health inequities may lead to variability in hypertension monitoring and control.AimTo investigate health inequities related to ethnicity, sex, age, and socioeconomic status in the monitoring, treatment, and control of BP in a large cohort of adult patients with hypertension.Design and settingA cross-sectional cohort study of adults with hypertension registered with general practices in North East London on 1 April 2019.MethodMultivariable logistic regression was used to estimate associations of demographics and treatment intensity for the following hypertension management indicators: a) BP recording in past 12 months; b) BP on age- adjusted target; and c) BP on age-adjusted target and BP recorded in past 12 months.ResultsIn total, 156 296 adults were included. The Black ethnicity group was less likely to have controlled BP than the White ethnicity group (odds ratio [OR] 0.87, 95% [confidence interval] CI = 0.84 to 0.91). The Asian ethnicity group was more likely to have controlled BP (OR 1.28, 95% CI = 1.23 to 1.32). Ethnicity differences in control could not be explained by the likelihood of having a recent BP recording, nor by treatment intensity differences. Older adults (aged ≥50 years) were more likely to have controlled hypertension than younger patients.ConclusionIndividuals of Black ethnicity and younger people are less likely to have controlled hypertension and may warrant targeted interventions. Possible explanations for these findings are presented but further research is needed about reasons for ethnic differences.
Tomografia computadorizada quantitativa da densidade óssea mandibular ao redor de implantes osseointegrados: estudo comparativo dos valores da Unidade Hounsfield e pixel trabecular
Authors: Bottega Patricia , Leite Gabriela Fernandes , Strassburg Andrey , Catarina Adair Santa , Berticelli Rosana da Silva , Togashi Adriane Yaeko 
Published: August 2023

Os implantes osseointegrados são biomateriais muito utilizados na Odontologia por apresentar vantagens funcionais e estéticas. Para a fixação e sucesso dos implantes dentários é importante que a densidade óssea, além de vários outros fatores, seja adequada. A análise de densidade óssea em imagens de tomografia computadorizada (TC) é feita, normalmente, através da medida da unidade Hounsfield (UH) que, por muitos, é considerada um método confiável. Como um método alternativo, podemos medir a densidade óssea através de pixels trabeculares. O software BµA-DDX- Bone Microarchitecture by Dentistry Digital X-Ray apresenta um método acessível e prático de medição da densidade óssea através da contagem de pixel. Esse trabalho avaliou a densidade óssea de pacientes com implantes ósseointegrados utilizando imagens de tomografia computadorizada cone-beam através da UH e contagem de pixel. Os valores médios para o osso tipo I foi 2499 (dp=184) UH; 909 (dp=181,2) pixel trabeculares e para o tipo IV foi 1279 (dp=135,3) UH; 1179 (dp=165) pixel trabeculares. Cinquenta por cento das áreas analisadas da mandíbula apresentaram osso tipo III, 1709 (dp=146,1) UH; 1179 (dp=267,4) pixel trabeculares. Podemos concluir, dentro das limitações deste estudo, que o software BµA-DDX foi capaz de diferenciar ao redor dos implantes as densidades ósseas tipo I e IV. Entretanto, não foi preciso em identificar as densidades ósseas tipo II e III. A densidade óssea baixa pode comprometer o tratamento com implantes dentários. A detecção da densidade óssea previamente a colocação dos implantes pode auxiliar o profissional no planejamento do tratamento do paciente.
Revisão da literatura sobre as principais drogas vigentes para tratamento da obesidade no Brasil
Authors: Pizzol Matheus Henrique , Geronimo Renan Miguel Porcini , Pereira Gerci Leal , Rodrigues Adriene Gontijo , Do Amaral Fernando Henrique Faria , Gomes Neto Carlos Manoel , De Oliveira Talles Matos , Ceccon Robson , Silva Silvana Oliveira , Guimarães Bianca Batista Santos , Machado Carolina Juliana Pereira , E Silva Náira Francine Silva , Dias Bárbara Incerte , Olimpio Yuri Moisés Taketomi , Gomes Camila Alcântara de Carvalho Souza , Junior Mario Jose Battistella , De Proença Pamela Schonfelder 
Published: August 2023

Objetivo: fornecer atualizações sobre as drogas aprovadas no Brasil para o tratamento farmacológico da diabetes, bem como novas drogas promissoras para tal fim, visando ampliar, mas não esgotar, o conhecimento médico sobre tal assunto. Metodologia: revisão narrativa de literatura desenvolvida com base numa pesquisa exploratória de cunho qualitativo concentrada no mês de março de 2023. Resultado: fundamentação teórica através de artigos e estudos atualizados ou anteriores considerados relevantes. Considerações finais: Diversos estudos mostram a eficácia dessas drogas na perda de peso ao comparar com o placebo. Contudo, deve-se respeitar a individualidade de cada paciente conforme o percentual de perda de peso, comorbidades, tolerância e adesão a posologia. A tirzepatida, embora ainda não aprovada no Brasil, vem se mostrando como uma droga segura e eficaz para o tratamento da obesidade em comparação com as outras drogas, com resultados satisfatórios. Além disso, sempre associar o tratamento farmacológico com a prática de atividade física e dieta com restrição calórica para obter melhores desfechos. São necessários novos ensaios clínicos, revisões sistemáticas e metanálise para levantar novas evidências de eficácia e segurança sobre o tema.
Preservação da fertilidade em pacientes oncológicos
Authors: Rezende Larissa Cardoso , Oliveira Augusto Zanetti de Paiva , De Almeida Camila Lamounier Lellis , Coelho Olga Simões , Reis Maria Eduarda Cordeiro , Neto Sylvano Neves Fioravanti , Tavares Luiza Dayrell Ferreira , Rasuck Mariane de Carvalho 
Published: August 2023

Introdução: O câncer se desenvolve através de células que se multiplicam desordenadamente, e que podem ser originárias de diversos tecidos e órgãos. Em mulheres, as neoplasias do sistema reprodutor apresentam elevada incidência, e também um novo desafio na abordagem terapêutica, a preservação da fertilidade das pacientes. Objetivos: Analisar as evidências atuais acerca da perda e preservação de fertilidade em pacientes oncológicas. Metodologia: Revisão integrativa baseada em artigos científicos encontrados nas bases de dados da Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), SCIELO, MEDLINE e LILACS a partir da combinação dos descritores “Preservação da fertilidade”, “Oncologia”, “Neoplasias ovarianas” e “Neoplasias de mama”. Os critérios de inclusão foram: estudos realizados num período de dez anos (2013 a 2023), em português ou inglês, disponíveis gratuitamente. Foram excluídos artigos publicados anteriormente ou não relacionados ao tema. Por fim, 29 estudos foram selecionados para a realização da revisão. Discussão: O tratamento dos tumores ginecológicos pode envolver a remoção de órgãos reprodutivos e o uso de agentes terapêuticos como a radioterapia e a quimioterapia, que podem gerar disfunção ovariana e toxicidade para as gônadas, culminando em um quadro de infertilidade. A criopreservação é um método muito utilizado para preservar os oócitos ou mesmo embriões já formados, para posterior realização de fertilização in vitro. Para pacientes pediátricos, surge a técnica de preservação de tecido ovariano, que pode ser reimplantado na paciente, mas o método ainda está sob análise. Além disso, existe a opção de transpor os ovários, nos casos da realização de radioterapia pélvica, para outros locais onde não serão atingidos, e também de supressão do estímulo ovariano em casos de uso de terapias gonadotoxicas, objetivando reduzir o efeito destas sobre o órgão. Conclusão: Os avanços na área permitem a preservação da fertilidade em muitas pacientes e corroboram para o investimento em novas pesquisas e desenvolvimento de métodos, para que cada vez mais mulheres em tratamento oncológico possam ter a possibilidade de gerar um filho de forma segura.
THE EFFECT OF DEVELOPING MIND MAPS ON STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN WRITING HORTATORY EXPOSITION TEXTS
Authors: Sari Diah Paramita 
Published: August 2023

Abstract: Mind mapping is a way to store and to take the ideas out of the brain then to present ideas visually to show the hierarchical relationship of ideas. The purpose of this research was to see the effect of making mind mapping as a writing activity towards students’ ability in writing hortatory exposition texts. This research was an experimental research. It was conducted at SMA 5 Padang. Population of this research was eleventh year students of SMA 5 Padang. The sample was taken by cluster sampling. 11 IPA1 was experimental class and 11 IPA2 was control class. The data indicates that the result of pre test and posttest from the two groups: experimental and control group is different. The different could be seen from the hypothesis testing. T-obtained was bigger than t-table. It meant that the difference of the meant scores of the experimental and control group is significant. In short, making mind mapping as a technique in writing hortatory text gives positive effect on students’ ability in writing hortatory exposition text. For further researcher, they can apply this technique to other skills and others kinds of text. Keywords: Mind Mapping, Hortatory Exposition Text, Writing