bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Quality of DNA Isolated from Autopsy FF and FFPE Tissues: Study of 1662 Samples
Authors: Vitošević Katarina , Todorović Danijela , Slović Živana , Varljen Tatjana , Radaković Ivana , Radojević Dušan , Čanović Vanja , Todorović Miloš 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: There are enormous formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue archives and constantly growing number of methods for molecular analyses but, isolation of DNA from this tissue is still challenging due to the damage effect of formalin on DNA. To determine the extent to which DNA purity, quantity and integrity depends on the process of fixation in formalin, and to what extent on the process of tissue paraffin embedding, we compared the quality of DNA isolated from fixed tissues and DNA isolated from tissues embedded in paraffin blocks after fixation.
Methods and Results: Heart, liver and brain tissues obtained from healthy people who suddenly died a violent death were fixed in 10% buffered formalin as well as in 4% unbuffered formalin 6h, 1-7 days (every 24h), 10, 14, 28 days and 2 months. Also the same tissues were fixed in 4% unbuffered formalin and embedded in paraffin block and stored from few months to 30 years. Yield and purity of the DNA samples isolated from these tissues were measured using spectrophotomer The PCR amplification of the hTERT gene was performed to evaluate the degree of DNA molecule fragmentation. Although the purity of the DNA isolated from almost all tissue samples is satisfactory, the DNA yields changes significantly.
Conclusion: The largest decrease in DNA yield was observed after tissue fixation in formalin, especially with prolonged formalin fixation, and additionally after paraffin embedding of tissue. DNA integrity also depends on time of tissue formalin fixation and the age of paraffin blocks.
Observational studies on turbulent energy and its dissipation, drag, momentum and wind components during thunder and dust storm events at an Eastern Indian city, Ranchi
Authors: Chakravarty Poulomi , Kumar Manoj 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Storms frequent eastern India in summer months. These storms when accompanied by lightning and hail destroy life and property. Observation based studies on these storms are limited and dynamics of the storms are not extensively studied. This study was aimed at analyzing thunderstorms and dust storms in Ranchi, India during summer month of May. Observational data was obtained from micrometeorological tower at BIT Mesra campus. Drag coefficient, roughness length, turbulent kinetic energy, momentum flux, friction velocity, dissipation of turbulent kinetic energy was calculated using the observational data for comparative analysis. Wind speed and wind direction were also recorded and wind rose diagram for all the days with thunderstorm and dust storm were prepared. The results indicated higher values of all parameters during thunderstorm days when compared to days with dust storms. The peaks in the values were observed whenever the thunderstorms commenced and squalls were observed. There were clear differences in days of thunderstorm and days of dust storm in regard to wind components, momentum exchanges and energy. Higher availability of turbulent energy dissipation was observed during days with thunderstorms. A clear day on the same month was also observed and lower values was depicted in the graph in comparison to thunderstorm or dust storm days. Rainfall recorded in the study period was 11.8 mm. This study provides insight into dynamics of the atmosphere during days of storms in Eastern India.
Effects of histone methylation modification on low temperature seed germination and growth of maize
Authors: Qi Xin , Wan Chang , Zhang Xing , Sun Weifeng , Liu Rui , Wang Zhennan , Wang Zhenhui , Ling Fenglou 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Low temperature is a limiting factor of seed germination and plant growth. Although there is a lot information on the response of maize to low temperatures, there is still poorly description of how histone methylation affects maize germination and growth development at low temperatures. In this study, the germination rate and physiological indexes of wild-type maize inbred lines B73 (WT), SDG102 silencing lines (AS), SDG102 overexpressed lines (OE) at germination stage and seedling stage were measured under low temperature stress (4℃), and transcriptome sequencing was applied to analyze the differences of gene expression in panicle leaves among different materials. The results showed that the germination rate of WT and OE maize seeds at 4℃ was significantly lower than 25℃. The content of MDA, SOD and POD of 4℃ seeding leaves higher than contrast. Transcriptome sequencing results showed that there were 409 different expression genes (DEGs) between WT and AS, and the DEGs were mainly up-regulated expression in starch and sucrose metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. There were 887 DEGs between WT and OE, which were mainly up-regulated in the pathways of plant hormone signal transduction, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism. This result could provide a theoretical basis for analyzing the growth and development of maize from the perspective of histone methylation modification.
Hematoimmunological responses of Nile tilapia juvenile with dietary supplementation of immunomodulators and different levels of vitamins after acute and physical stress
Authors: Costa¹ Domickson Silva , Dutra Scheila Anelise Pereira , Pereira¹ Iracema Lima , Cardoso¹ Lucas , Medeiros Paula Brando , Silva¹ Kennya Addam Gomes , Soligo² Tiago Augusto , Yamashita Eduardo , Pereira Ulisses de Pádula , Mouriõ¹ José Luiz Pedreira , Martins¹ Maurício Laterça 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The study analyzed the hematoimmunological effects of the joint dietary supplementation of immunomodulators (β-glucans-nucleotides) and different levels of vitamins for Nile tilapia after physical and acute stress. Four treatments with different experimental diets were used: diets with indicated vitamin levels (Vit ind); Vit ind + 0.5% immunomodulator (Vit ind+Immune); rations with a high level of vitamins (Vit high); Vit high + 0.5% immunomodulator (Vit high+Immune). The experiment included 560 fish (3.0 ± 0.68 g of initial weight and 5.33 ± 0.66 cm of initial length), in 28 tanks and 25 fish/tank, with 7 replicates. After 60 days of supplementation, the animals had a weight of 33.30 ± 7.6 g and a length of 11.97 ± 0.94 cm. The water temperature was set at 20°C and two complete biometrics were performed. Subsequently, the animals were conditioned to two stress factors: physical (I), temperature oscillations: 20ºC to 30ºC/30ºC to 20ºC/20ºC to 30ºC; (II), the same animals were placed in plastic bags with dechlorinated water and shaken for 5 minutes and returned to their respective tanks. For hematoimmunological data, 140 animals were used after stress. Antimicrobial title and total plasma protein were significantly higher in fish that did not receive an immunomodulator. Differently, the binder title increased in fish fed with lower levels of vitamins, while immunoglobulin showed immunomodulatory interaction x level of vitamins. In summary, the inclusion of immunomodulators increased the animals' resistance to physical and acute stress, and improved hematoimmunological parameters, and the high level of vitamins did not modulate immune responses.
Theoretical and experimental study of cutting forces under tool flank interference in ultra-precision diamond milling
Authors: Liu Tongke , Peng Wei , Xiong Zhiwen , Zhang Shaojian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In ultra-precision diamond milling (UPDM), the cutting force as an indicator of machining stability deserves to be discussed extensively. However, most studies have focused on the direct material removal under tool rake cutting, not considering tool flank interference in UPDM. In this study, a theoretical and experimental investigation has been conducted to discuss cutting forces under the tool flank interference in UPDM. Firstly, an analysis model of the interference space between tool flank and workpiece was built up to study the tool flank interference positions. Secondly, a kinematic model for the tool cutting motion was constructed to discuss the instantaneous uncut chip thicknesses (IUCT) under the tool flank interference. Moreover, a cutting force model was proposed to reveal the relationship between the cutting forces and IUCT. Finally, a series of milling tests were carried out in UPDM for the validity of the theoretical results. The theoretical and experimental results revealed that the tool flank interference would take place to deform surface generation and induce sudden changes of the cutting forces in UPDM. The tangential cutting force (Fr) reflects the dominant IUCT, and the radial cutting force (Fr) shows an extremely high sensitivity to the IUCT under tool flank interference, while (Fr) has little correlation with IUCT under tool rake cutting, even negligible. This research work gives a deep insight into the cutting forces with surface generation under the tool flank interference in UPDM.
Micro-expression Action Unit Recognition Based on Dynamic Image and Spatial Pyramid
Authors: Zhou Guanqun , Yuan Shusen , Xing Hongbo , Jiang Youjun , Geng Pinyong , Cao Yewen , Ben Xianye 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Most of the existing research focuses on the recognition of micro-expressions, and few studies how to recognize the action units of micro-expressions. This is due to the low intensity of the facial action unit, which is not easily to be recognized. To solve this problem, we proposed a micro-expression action unit recognition algorithm based on dynamic image and spatial pyramids. First, the video is passed through the dynamic image generation module to generate a dynamic image and extract the motion information contained in all frames. Then, given the subtle movement properties of micro-expressions, different levels of semantic features are obtained through spatial pyramids. It is also known that micro-expressions appear in the small range and are concentrated in local area of the face, so the regional feature network and attention mechanism are used for the image features of each layer. Finally, due to the weak correlation between each action unit, our models are trained separately. Experiments on CASME and CAS(ME)2 datasets verify that the proposed algorithm has shown better action unit recognition performance compared with other advanced methods.
Fiscal Decentralization, Vertical Fiscal Imbalance and Horizontal Tax Competition of Local Governments: Empirical Evidence from China
Authors: Liu Zhuoxuan , Zhong Hai , Zhen Dongyang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Based on the intergovernmental relationship under the China’s fiscal decentralization system, this paper examines the strategic interaction mode of horizontal tax competition among local governments and the spatial impact and threshold effect of fiscal structure on tax competition. We find that the tax competition among China's provincial local governments has geographic and economic spatial correlation and the competition mode is "strategic complementarity" in current period. The fiscal decentralization measured by revenue, expenditure and autonomy promotes the rise of their tax competition level and has a period extensibility. However, the vertical fiscal imbalance has a restraining effect, which is exacerbated by fiscal autonomy and weakened by the decentralization of revenue and expenditure. Our mechanism analyses further corroborate that Fiscal imbalance has a nonlinear impact on tax competition with the thresholds of revenue and expenditure decentralization and fiscal autonomy.
Comparing the Effect of Interval and Continuous Small-Sided Games on the Bio-Motor Abilities of Young Soccer Players
Authors: Daryanoosh Farhad , Alishavandi Hossein , Nemati Javad , Basereh Aref , Jowhari Alireza , Asad-manesh Enayatollah , Oliveira Rafael , Brito João Paulo , Prieto-González Pablo , Khoramipour Kayvan , García-Calvo Tomás , Nobari Hadi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to compare the effect of interval and continuous small-sided games (SSG) training on the bio-motor abilities of young soccer players.
Methods: Sixteen young soccer players (age: 19.5±0.5 years; height: 177±4.72) were ranked based on the result of a running-based anaerobic sprint test (RAST) and randomly divided into two groups; continuous SSG training (CSSG, n = 8) and interval SSG (ISSG, n = 8). The training protocols were performed for eight weeks, three sessions per week. Participants were assessed twice (pre- and post-intervention) to estimate their anaerobic capacity with the RAST, aerobic capacity with Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test, body fat percentage with a bioimpedance analysis, speed with a 30-meter run test, and agility with the Illinois agility test. During the training session, the rating of the perceived exertion (RPE) and heart rate (mean and maximum) were recorded to assess the training load.
Results: In general, both aerobic and anaerobic capacities improved after ISSG (p<0.05, for all). The be-tween-group analysis with repeated measures ANOVA revealed that there were higher values for ISSG than CSSG groups in the post-intervention in anaerobic power (p=0.042, ηp2=0.264). In addition, the independent t-test results indicated that ISSG presented lower values of mean heart rate (p=0.023, effect size [ES]=0.85) and RPE (p<0.05, ES=0.88) than CSSG. Moreover, higher values for maximum heart rate were revealed for ISSG than for the CSSG group (p=0.004, ES=0.85).
Conclusion: We conclude that ISSG could provide better results in the anaerobic power than CSSG.
The relationship between psychological distress and the health-related quality of life of middle-aged Korean females: A serial mediation model
Authors: Oh Jihyun , Kim Sunghee 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to provide primary data for developing an intervention program to improve the health-related quality of life of middle-aged females. This study examined the effects of psychological distress, depression, and emotional eating behaviors on the health-related quality of life of middle-aged Korean females.
Methods
Middle-aged females between 35 and 64 years old, from July 22 to August 10, 2021, were included in this study. The mediating effect of depression and emotional eating behaviors on the relationship between psychological distress and health-related quality of life was investigated. A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 325 subjects. Researchers conducted questionnaires measuring general health, depression, emotional eating behavior, and health-related quality of life.
Results
The findings of this study demonstrated a correlation between the severity of a person’s depression and the degree of their psychological distress, indicating that severe depression was associated with negative emotions, which increased emotional eating behavior. Additionally, more severe depression indicated a lower health-related quality of life. Higher psychological distress was associated with increased levels of emotional eating behaviors and lower health-related quality of life. The total and direct effects of psychological distress on the health-related quality of life were statistically significant.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that evidence-based intervention programs that alleviate emotional health problems, such as psychological distress and depression in middle-aged females, are crucial. Moreover, nurses help implement evidence-based intervention programs that could assess potential symptoms of psychological distress, depression, and emotional eating behaviors and develop effective treatment strategies to improve the health-related quality of life. Based on the results of this study, when developing a health promotion program that improves the health-related quality of life of middle-aged females, a nursing intervention plan that alleviates emotional health problems, such as psychological distress and depression in middle-aged women, should be prepared.
Brazilian Scale for Evaluation of Mental Health Care Needs: Development and evidence of validity
Authors: de Mendonça Joana Moscoso Teixeira , Sousa Ana Alice Freire , Eshriqui Ilana , Rebustini Flávio , Bonfim Daiana , Zorzi Daniella Sampaio , Monteiro Camila , Rewa Talita , de Almeida Letícia Yamawaka 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Mental health disorders represent the top leading causes of burden worldwide. At this context, initiatives to identify Care Needs in Mental Health (CNMH) are urgent, to assure integral and quality care. Nonetheless, there is a gap in valid tools to support primary healthcare (PHC) professionals’ decision-making to the provision of the proper mental health care, at the right place. The present study aimed to develop and search for evidences about the validity of the Brazilian Scale for Evaluation of Mental Health Care Needs (MHcare-BR).
Methods
Considering CNMH as the latent variable, a group of experts developed 130 dichotomous items, which were submitted to assessment by a heterogeneous panel of judges from different regions in Brazil (n = 73). Collected data subsidized the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) calculation, which resulted in a second version of the scale comprising 43 items. Subsequently, it was applied to 879 individuals to find evidences about the internal-structure validity by using the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Dimensionality was assessed through Robust Parallel Analysis and the model was tested through cross-validation to find MHcare-BR final version. Further, the MHcare-BR’s score was subjected to normalization.
Results
The final version of MHcare-BR comprised 31 items, which were divided in two blocks: “self-referred” block, with 5 dimensions (social relationships; functionality; autonomy; impulsiveness and aggressiveness”; and spirituality); and “health professional evaluation” block, comprising 3 dimensions (violence; self-aggression and suicidal behavior; and caregiving plan). Model explained variance reached 62.70%. Closeness of dimensionality values pointed out a multi-dimensional model (UNICO = 0.79; ECV = 0.0.69 and MIREAL = 0.22). All indicators were within adequate and satisfactory limits, without any cross-loading, Heywood Case or collinearity/multi-collinearity issues capable of pointing out items redundancy and overlapping. Reliability indices also reached adequate levels (α = 0.82; ω = 0.80; glb = 0.93 and ORION ranging from 0.79 to 0.95, between domains). MHcare-BR’s score normalization pointed towards four CNMH strata (Low CNMH: 0 to 1; Moderate CNMH: 2 to 3; High CNMH: 4 to 6; Very High CNMH: 7 or more).
Conclusions
The MHcare-BR scale is a synthesized instrument, comprising users’ self-evaluation and PHC professionals’ clinical assessment. It showed satisfactory validity evidences, which were consistent, reliable and robust; capable of accurately measuring CNMH in the primary care territory, in Brazil.
The burden of diabetes and hypertension on healthy life expectancy in Bangladesh
Authors: Alam Md. Zakiul 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Diabetes and hypertension are among the leading causes of death in Bangladesh. This study examined diabetes and hypertension-free life expectancy, the effect of either disease and the aggregate effect of both diseases on healthy life expectancy in Bangladesh. We utilized data from Bangladesh sample vital statistics, 2018 for mortality, and Bangladesh demographic and health survey 2017-18 for diabetes and hypertension. Sullivan method has been employed to estimate age-specific hypertension and diabetes-free life expectancy. Altogether, 6% of the people lived with both diabetes and hypertension. The life expectancy free of both diseases is 56.6 years. Life expectancy without either of the diseases is 36.9 years. The prevalence of hypertension is higher than diabetes. The hypertension-free life expectancy is 40.4 years, and the diabetes-free life expectancy is 53.2 years. Female suffers more from the aggregate effect of the two chronic diseases. However, female suffers more from hypertension, and male suffers from diabetes. Diabetes and hypertension affect a considerable proportion of life of the population in Bangladesh. Policy actions are needed to guide for prevention and treatment of both diseases with a specific focus on women.
Gait-Phase Specific Transverse-plane Momenta Generation During Pre-planned and Late-cued 90 Degree Turns While Walking
Authors: Tillman Mitchell , Molino Janine , Zaferiou Antonia 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Turning while walking is ubiquitous and requires generation of linear and angular momenta to redirect the Center of Mass (COM) trajectory and rotate the body towards the new direction of travel. The purpose of this study was to examine strategies that healthy young adults used during each gait phase to generate transverse-plane momenta during pre-planned and late-cued 90° turns. During leftward turns, we expected that momenta would be generated most during the gait phases known to generate leftward COM velocity and leftward body rotations during straight line gait. We found distinct roles of gait phases towards generating momenta during pre-planned and late-cued turns, supporting our hypotheses. Specifically, during right foot single support (when only the right foot is in contact with the ground), the changes in leftward linear momentum and average leftward acceleration were greatest. During double support (both feet contacting the ground) with the left foot in front, the changes in transverse-plane angular momentum and average moment were greatest. These findings align with the prior understanding of momenta regulation during straight-line gait, suggesting that healthy young adults can leverage momenta control strategies used during straight-line gait to generate transverse-plane momenta required by turns.
Bifurcations and Early-Warning Signs for SPDEs with Spatial Heterogeneity
Authors: Bernuzzi Paolo , Kuehn Christian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Bistability is a key property of many systems arising in the nonlinear sciences. For example, it appears in many partial differential equations (PDEs). For scalar bistable reaction-diffusions PDEs, the bistable case even has taken on different names within communities such as Allee, Allen-Cahn, Chafee-Infante, Nagumo, Ginzburg-Landau, Φ4, Schlögl, Stommel, just to name a few structurally similar bistable model names. One key mechanism, how bistability arises under parameter variation is a pitchfork bifurcation. In particular, taking the pitchfork bifurcation normal form for reaction-diffusion PDEs is yet another variant within the family of PDEs mentioned above. More generally, the study of this PDE class considering steady states and stability, related to bifurcations due to a parameter is well-understood for the deterministic case. For the stochastic PDE (SPDE) case, the situation is less well-understood and has been studied recently. In this paper we generalize and unify several recent results for SPDE bifurcations. Our generalisation is motivated directly by applications as we introduce in the equation a spatially heterogeneous term and relax the assumptions on the covariance operator that defines the noise. For this spatially heterogeneous SPDE, we prove a finite-time Lyapunov exponent bifurcation result. Furthermore, we extend the theory of early warning signs in our context and we explain, the role of universal exponents between covariance operator warning signs and the lack of finite-time Lyapunov uniformity. Our results are accompanied and cross-validated by numerical simulations.