bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Highly Responsive, Polarization‐Sensitive, Flexible, and Stable Photodetectors Based on Highly Aligned CsCu2I3 Nanowires
Authors: An Yang , Li Shun‐Xin , Feng Jia‐Cheng , Xia Hong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs a new inorganic lead‐free perovskite, cesium copper iodide (CsCu2I3) has attracted wide attention in the field of photodetectors due to its non‐toxicity, good air and thermal stability, and excellent optoelectronic properties. However, the random growth and disordered distribution of CsCu2I3 crystals during their preparation results in poor crystal quality, seriously limiting their applications. Highly ordered CsCu2I3 crystal formation with high crystal quality for high‐performance photodetectors remains a major challenge. Here, an ingenious nanoimprinting technology is utilized to obtain high‐performance photodetectors based on highly aligned CsCu2I3 nanowires (NWs). Owing to the high crystal quality, the photodetector exhibits excellent responsivity of 12.35 A W−1 (310 nm) and 89.73 mA W−1 (365 nm), respectively, as well as good polarization light detection with a dichroism ratio of up to 2.28. Additionally, the device on a flexible substrate retains its initial level of performance even after being bent 2000 times. Remarkably, the device exhibits superior stability and maintains excellent performance after being placed in the natural environment for 1 month without any encapsulation.
Clarifying the Controversy over Defect Emission of I‐III‐VI2 Nanocrystals via Pressure Engineering
Authors: Lv Pengfei , Zhao Dianlong , Wang Feng , Ma Zhiwei , Sui Laizhi , Yuan Kaijun , Wang Kai , Ning Jiajia , Xiao Guanjun , Zou Bo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractI–III–VI2 semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs), such as typical AgInS2 NCs, are promising candidates for fluorescent materials because of their lower toxicity and tunable optical properties. However, a long‐standing conventional dispute over the origin of defect emission of AgInS2 NCs restricts the material design and applications. Here, high pressure is introduced to distinguish the photophysical behavior of a core@shell structure of AgInS2@InSx NCs that exhibit both band‐edge (BE) emission and defect emission. Compared with the well‐established dopant mechanism of Ag+:CdS NCs, the decreasing relative shift of defect/BE emissions for AgInS2@InSx NCs excludes the Ag‐related emission associated with radiative free‐to‐bound recombination that contributes to the defect emission of AgInS2 NCs. Identification by the in situ high‐pressure transient spectra and comparative experiments passivated with different ligands, the donor−acceptor pair (DAP) recombination is responsible for the observed defect emission. Likewise, a narrow and strong BE emission with 5.3‐fold enhancement is achieved in AgInS2@InSx NCs by pressure processing. This in turn further confirms the DAP‐related origin of the defect emission. Overall, this study enables high pressure as a tool to resolve the traditional debate under ambient conditions, which facilitates the fundamental photophysical understanding for materials by design applied in solid‐state lighting.
Multi‐Physical Field Simulation: A Powerful Tool for Accelerating Exploration of High‐Energy‐Density Rechargeable Lithium Batteries
Authors: Jiao Xingxing , Wang Xuyang , Xu Xieyu , Wang Yongjing , Ryu Hoon‐Hee , Park Jimin , Hwang Jang‐Yeon , Xiong Shizhao , Sun Yang‐Kook , Song Zhongxiao , Liu Yangyang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTo meet the booming demand of high‐energy‐density battery systems for modern power applications, various prototypes of rechargeable batteries, especially lithium metal batteries with ultrahigh theoretical capacity, have been intensively explored, which are intimated with new chemistries, novel materials and rationally designed configurations. What happens inside the batteries is associated with the interaction of multi‐physical field, rather than the result of the evolution of a single physical field, such as concentration field, electric field, stress field, morphological evolution, etc. In this review, multi‐physical field simulation with a relatively wide length and timescale is focused as formidable tool to deepen the insight of electrodeposition mechanism of Li metal and the electro‐chemo‐mechanical failure of solid‐state electrolytes based on Butler‐Volmer electrochemical kinetics and solid mechanics, which can promote the future development of state‐of‐the‐art Li metal batteries with satisfied energy density as well as lifespan.
Ultrafast Room‐Temperature Synthesis of Large‐Scale, Low‐Cost, and Highly Active Ni─Fe Based Electrodes toward Industrialized Seawater Oxidation
Authors: Zhuo Yuling , Liu Dong , Qiao Lulu , Chen Songbo , Lu Jianxi , IP Weng Fai , Pan Hui , Wang Zhenbo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIt is of significance to develop an active, efficient electrocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) as this determines the efficiency and cost of water/seawater electrolysis. Here, a cost‐effective Ni─Fe hydroxide as a promising OER catalyst is developed by 1 min ultrafast method. The catalyst shows low OER overpotentials of 240 and 254 mV at 10 mA cm−2 in both 1 m KOH and alkaline seawater, respectively. It also exhibits excellent electrochemical stability. In situ Raman spectra and other physical characterizations prove the incorporation of Fe and the transformation of Ni(Fe)(OH)2 to Ni(Fe)OOH are responsible for the enhancement of the OER performance. Furthermore, the Ni─Fe hydroxide catalyst can be readily scaled up and synthesized within 1 min. The catalyst with a size of 2000 cm2 still remains electrochemically uniform. The alkaline electrolysis cell integrated with the Ni─Fe catalyst as the anode and commercialized porous NiMo foam as the cathode has demonstrated a current density of 200 mA cm−2 at 2.3 and 2.9 V in 6 m KOH and alkaline seawater at 60 °C, respectively. Therefore, the ultrafast synthesized, earth‐abundant Ni─Fe catalyst is scalable, economical, and highly active for OER, which is promising for industrial water/seawater splitting applications.
Analysis of the incidence of falls and related factors in elderly patients based on comprehensive geriatric assessment
Authors: Xiao Xun , Li Ling , Yang Huijuan , Peng Lei , Guo Chunbo , Cui Wei , Liu Shunying , Yu Renhe , Zhang Xiangyu , Zhang Mengxi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the incidence of falls in elderly aged 65 years and above among outpatients and inpatients, and to analyze its related factors and identify prevention strategies.MethodsA retrospective analysis was conducted on 451 patients aged 65 years and above who received comprehensive geriatric assessment in outpatients and inpatients from the Department of Geriatrics in the Second Xiangya Hospital from March 2021 to March 2022. According to whether there had been at least one fall in the past year, the patients were divided into a fall group and a non‐fall group. Data were collected from the We‐Chat applet of comprehensive geriatric assessment. A t test and chi‐square test were performed to compare the difference between the two groups. Logistic regression analysis was then conducted to identify factors associated with falls.Results(1) The incidence of falls among the outpatient and inpatient was 28.8%. (2) The rate of light, moderate, and heavy dependence on daily living ability and decreased mobile balance ability were higher in the fall group than those in the non‐fall group. The average calf circumference in the fall group was significantly lower than that in the non‐fall group. (3) The prevalence of diabetes and eye diseases in the fall group was significantly higher than that in the non‐fall group. (4) The percentage of insomnia and suspicious insomnia cases in the fall group was higher than that in the non‐fall group. The mean scores for dysphagia, frailty, and incontinence were higher and the mean malnutrition score was lower in the fall group than in the non‐fall group. (5) Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that frailty, insomnia, and malnutrition were independent influencing factors of fall (OR = 1.955, 1.652, 10.719, P = 0.044, 0.041, 0.025, respectively).ConclusionsThe incidence of falls among outpatients and inpatients aged 65 years and above is high. Frailty, insomnia, and malnutrition are the main factors influencing falls in these patients.
Expansion of the phenotypic spectrum associated with pathogenic missense variation in DHX16
Authors: Drackley Andy , De Simone Lenika , Kuntz Nancy , Rahmani Safa , Ing Alexander , Rao Vamshi K. , Rathbun Pamela , Yap Kai Lee 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPathogenic heterozygous variants in DHX16 have been recently identified in association with a variety of clinical features, including neuromuscular disease, sensorineural hearing loss, ocular anomalies, and other phenotypes. All DHX16 disease‐causing variants previously reported in affected individuals are missense in nature, nearly all of which were found to be de novo. Here we report on a patient with neuromuscular disease, hearing loss, retinal degeneration, and previously unreported phenotypic features including mitochondrial deficiency and primary ovarian insufficiency, in whom a novel de novo likely pathogenic variant in DHX16 NM_003587.4:c.2033A > G (p.Glu678Gly) was identified. Furthermore, we conducted an in‐depth literature review of DHX16's role in disease and utilized high‐performing in silico prediction algorithms to compare and contrast the predicted effects of all reported disease‐associated DHX16 variants on protein structure and function.
Enhanced Li+ Diffusion and Lattice oxygen Stability by the High Entropy Effect in Disordered‐Rocksalt Cathodes
Authors: Zhou Shuyu , Sun Yuxuan , Gao Tong , Liao Junhong , Zhao Shixi , Cao Guozhong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCation‐disordered Rocksalt oxides (DRXs) are a promising new class of cathode materials for Li‐ion batteries due to their natural abundance, low cost and great electrochemical performance. High entropy strategy in Mn‐based DRXs appears to be an effective strategy for improving the rate capability, but it suffers from challenges including capacity degradation. The present paper reports a new group of high entropy DRXs (HE DRX) based on Ni2+‐Nb5+ pair; the structural and chemical evolution upon cycling of DRXs with an increasing transition metal (TM) species are systematically investigated. An explanation is proposed for how the crystal field stability energy determines that HE DRX could exist in single Rocksalt solid solution structures. We further reveal that the charge compensation mechanism in HE DRX is the result of various TM synergistic effect. More importantly, through various in situ and ex situ techniques and theoretical calculation, the effective integration of more TM cation species within the HE DRX framework promotes better Li+ diffusion and improves lattice oxygen stability, consequently increasing capacity upon cycling.
Rapid, Selective Extraction of Silver from Complex Water Matrices with a Metal–Organic Framework/Oligomer Composite Constructed via Supercritical CO2
Authors: Xue Tianwei , Peng Li , Syzgantseva Olga A. , Syzgantseva Maria A. , Guo Peiwen , Lai Huiyan , Li Ruiqing , Chen Jiawen , Li Shumu , Yan Xiaomei , Yang Shuliang , Li Jun , Han Buxing , Queen Wendy L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEvery year vast quantities of silver are lost in various waste streams; this, combined with its limited, diminishing supply and rising demand, makes silver recovery of increasing importance. Thus, herein, we report a controllable, green process to produce a host of highly porous metal–organic framework (MOF)/oligomer composites using supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2) as a medium. One resulting composite, referred to as MIL‐127/Poly‐o‐phenylenediamine (PoPD), has an excellent Ag+ adsorption capacity, removal efficiency (>99 %) and provides rapid Ag+ extraction in as little as 5 min from complex liquid matrices. Notably, the composite can also reduce sliver concentrations below the levels (<0.1 ppm) established by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Using theoretical simulations, we find that there are spatially ordered polymeric units inside the MOF that promote the complexation of Ag+ over other common competing ions. Moreover, the oligomer is able to reduce silver to its metallic state, also providing antibacterial properties.
Reduced Cortico‐Cortical Resting‐State Connectivity in Sensory Systems Related to Bodily Pain in Juvenile Fibromyalgia
Authors: Suñol Maria , Dudley Jon , Payne Michael F. , Tong Han , Ting Tracy V. , Kashikar‐Zuck Susmita , Coghill Robert C. , López‐Solà Marina 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveJuvenile‐onset fibromyalgia (JFM) is a paradigmatic chronic pain condition for which the underlying neurobiological substrates are poorly understood. This study examined, for the first time, data‐driven resting‐state functional connectivity (rsFC) alterations in 37 female adolescents with JFM compared with 43 healthy female adolescents and identified associations with bodily pain.MethodsWhole‐brain voxel‐wise rsFC alterations were assessed using the intrinsic connectivity contrast, a measure of node centrality at each voxel, and seed‐based analyses for interpretability. We studied the relationship between rsFC alterations in somatosensory systems and the location and extension of bodily pain.ResultsAdolescents with JFM had voxel‐wise rsFC reductions in the paracentral lobule (PCL)/primary somatosensory cortex (S1) (T = 4.89, family‐wise error corrected p‐value (pFWE) < 0.001) and left midcingulate cortex (T = 4.67, pFWE = 0.043). Post hoc analyses revealed reduced rsFC spanning major cortical sensory hubs (T > 4.4, pFWE < 0.030). Cortico‐cortical rsFC reductions within PCL/S1 in JFM occurred in locations innervated by bodily areas where the pain was most frequent (F = 3.15; positive false discovery rate = 0.029) and predicted widespread pain (T > 4.4, pFWE < 0.045). Conversely, adolescents with JFM had increases in PCL/S1–thalamus (T = 4.75, pFWE = 0.046) and PCL/S1–anterior insula rsFC (T = 5.13, pFWE = 0.039).ConclusionReduced cortico‐cortical sensory integration involving PCL/S1 and spanning the sensory systems may underly critical pain sensory features in youth with JFM. Reduced sensory integration is paralleled by augmented cross‐talk between sensory and affective/salience‐processing regions, potentially indicating a shift toward more affectively colored sensory experiences to the detriment of specific sensory discrimination.
Folic acid supplementation rescues bladder injury in fetal rats with myelomeningocele
Authors: Feng Shaoguang , Yang Yicheng , Yu Zhechen , Bi Yunli 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundBladder dysfunction has been linked to the progression of renal failure in children with neurogenic bladder (NB) dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to determine whether bladder injuries in fetal rats with myelomeningocele (MMC) may be treated with folic acid.MethodsPregnant Sprague‐Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups. On the 10th day of gestation, pregnant rats were intragastrically injected with all‐trans retinoic acid (ATRA) (60 mg/kg) to induce MMC fetal rats. The same amount of olive oil was put into the control group to create normal fetal rats. The rats in the rescue group were given folic acid (40 mg/kg) by gavage 0.5 and 12 hr after ATRA therapy. Bladders were obtained via cesarean section on embryonic day E20.5 and examined for MMC. The histology of the fetuses was examined using hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) was utilized to determine the expression of α‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA) and neuron‐specific nuclear‐binding protein (NeuN). Furthermore, the levels of neuromuscular development‐related and apoptotic proteins were determined by western blotting.ResultsThe incidence of MMC in the model group was 60.6% (20/33) while it was much lower in the rescue group (21.4%). In comparison to the model group, the weight and crown‐rump length of the fetal rats in the rescue group were significantly improved. IHC revealed that there was no significant difference in the expression of α‐SMA and NeuN between the control and ATRA groups, while the expression levels decreased significantly in the MMC group. Western blot analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the model and ATRA groups, but the expression of the α‐SMA protein and the β3‐tubulin was much lower in the MMC group than in the control group. After the administration of folic acid, the α‐SMA and β3‐tubulin proteins considerably increased in the folic acid‐rescued MMC group and folic acid‐rescued ATRA group. Meanwhile, in the control group, the expression of cleaved caspase‐3 in the bladder tissue was significantly higher, and the expression of poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) protein was significantly lower compared to the control group. Folic acid therapy reduced cleaved caspase‐3 expression while increasing PARP expression in comparison to the MMC group.ConclusionsNB in MMC fetal rats is associated with the reduction of bladder nerve and smooth muscle‐related protein synthesis. However, folic acid therapy can help improve these functional deficiencies. Folic acid also exhibits strong anti‐apoptotic properties against NB in MMC fetal rats.
An insight into biosensing platforms used for the diagnosis of various lung diseases: A review
Authors: Sharma Avinash , James Abija , Kapoor Deepak N. , Kaurav Hemlata , Sharma Abhishek Kumar , Nagraik Rupak 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMany of the infectious diseases are ubiquitous in nature and pose a threat to global and public health. The original cause for such type of serious maladies can be summarized as the scarcity of appropriate analysis and treatment methods. Pulmonary diseases are considered one of the life‐threatening lung diseases that affect millions of people globally. It consists of several types, namely, asthma, lung cancer, tuberculosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and several respiratory‐related infections. This is due to the limited access to well‐equipped healthcare facilities for early disease diagnosis. This needs the availability of processes and technologies that can help to stop this harmful disease‐diagnosing practice. Various approaches for diagnosing various lung diseases have been developed over time, namely, autopsy, chest X‐rays, low‐dose CT scans, and so forth. The need of the hour is to develop a rapid, simple, portable, and low‐cost method for the diagnosis of pulmonary diseases. So nowadays, biosensors have been becoming one of the highest priority research areas as a potentially useful tool for the early diagnosis and detection of many pulmonary lung diseases. In this review article, various types of biosensors and their applications in the diagnosis of lung‐related disorders are expansively explained.
Exploration and evaluation of modular concepts for the design of full‐scale pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities
Authors: Bertran Maria‐Ona , Babi Deenesh K. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe design of biopharmaceutical processes is predominantly driven by the domain of experimental process design. This approach can be further improved by combining multiple domain information such as experiments, unit models, and flowsheet models. Approaches consisting of methods and flowsheet models provide the framework for exploring, analyzing, and ultimately evaluating the combinatorial space of all possible designs within the molecule‐to‐manufacturing value chain. In recent years, modular process designs are of interest in the pharmaceutical industry because of the shift toward multiproduct, mutiprocess processes. Therefore, a systematic approach for how to evaluate the utilization of the modular plug‐n‐play concept provides metrics that can propel modular design from a viable design alternative to the selected alternative for full‐scale manufacturing. The objective of this paper is to present such an in silico approach for the evaluation of modular designs. The approach is presented as a systematic method and then, is exemplified through the manufacture of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). The application of the method shows how to transition from a typical design‐for‐purpose design alternative to a modular design through the utilization of data, modeling, simulation, and uncertainty/sensitivity analyses for quantification of various selection metrics such as process robustness and flexibility.
A Web3 secure platform for assessments and educational resources based on blockchain
Authors: Razzaq Abdul 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA rising number of educational solutions based on blockchain technology have been designed. Students and other authorities responsible for verifying certificates are very concerned about the authenticity of academic credentials, either because the institutions that issue them no longer exist or because they do not keep adequate records. Blockchain technology has much to offer in education, including its high level of security, improved data access control, low cost, improved accountability, identity authentication, transparency, increased trust, and improved efficiency in managing student records. We proposed a decentralized blockchain‐based secure platform for the storage of academic certificates and student assessments with double encryption. Apart from speeding up the verification process, it will increase the safety of personal education data and assessments of all kinds of misuse. The data would only be accessed using a stakeholder's private key, and storing documents on a blockchain would increase security. We proposed a framework to offer a secure channel for educational resources. We are storing documents over blockchain utilizing an IPFS distributed data server. We give a thorough explanation of the system development, design, and evaluation of the suggested solution in terms of security and cost. Finally, we put the proposed framework to the test by deploying a smart contract prototype on the Ethereum TESTNET network in a Windows environment. The study's findings revealed that the proposed method is effective and feasible.
An in vitro investigation of l‐kynurenine, quinolinic acid, and kynurenic acid on B16 F10 melanoma cell cytotoxicity and morphology
Authors: Basson Charlise , Serem June Cheptoo , Hlophe Yvette Nkondo , Bipath Priyesh 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe metastatic behavior of melanoma has accentuated the need for specific therapy targets. Compounds, namely l‐kynurenine (
l‐kyn), quinolinic acid (Quin), and kynurenic acid (KA) previously displayed antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects in vitro against cancer cells. Despite the growing interest in these compounds there are limited studies examining the in vitro effects on melanoma. In B16 F10 melanoma cells, RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, and HaCat keratinocyte cells, postexposure to the compounds, crystal violet staining was used to determine the half‐maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), whereas polarization‐optical transmitted light differential interference contrast and light microscopy after hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to assess morphological changes.
l‐kyn, Quin, and KA‐induced cytotoxicity in all cell lines, with
l‐kyn being the most cytotoxic compound.
l‐kyn and KA at IC50‐induced morphological changes in B16 F10, RAW 264.7, and HaCat cell lines, whereas Quin had effects on B16 F10 and RAW 264.7 cells but did not affect HaCat cells.
l‐kyn, Quin, and KA each display different levels of cytotoxicity, which were cell line specific.
l‐kyn was shown to be the most potent compound against all cell lines and may offer future treatment strategies when combined with other viable treatments against melanoma.