bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The inhibitory effect of copper, zinc, and manganese on Legionella longbeachae and other Legionella spp. in vitro
Authors: Jun Hyunwoo , Scott-Thomas Amy , Slow Sandy , Williman Jonathan , Murdoch David R , Chambers Stephen T 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Legionella longbeachae is an important cause of Legionnaires’ disease in Australasia and is associated with exposure to potting soils. Our aim was to identify ways to reduce the load of L. longbeachae in potting soils. Inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) of an all-purpose potting mix showed copper (Cu) concentrations (mg/kg) range from 15.8 to 23.6. Zinc (Zn) and manganese (Mn) were significantly higher than Cu ranging from 88.6–106 to 171–203, respectively. Minimal inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations of 10 salts used in the horticultural industry were determined for Legionella species in buffered yeast extract (BYE) broth. For L. longbeachae (n = 9) the median (range) minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) (mg/L) of copper sulfate was 31.25 (15.6–31.25), zinc sulfate 31.25 (7.81–31.25), and manganese sulfate 31.25 (7.81–62.5). The MIC and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were within one dilution of each other. Susceptibility to Cu and Zn salts increased as the concentration of pyrophosphate iron in the media decreased. The MIC values for these three metals against Legionella pneumophila (n = 3) and Legionella micdadei (n = 4) were similar. Combinations of Cu, Zn, and Mn were additive. Legionella longbeachae has similar susceptibility to Cu and other metal ions in comparison to L. pneumophila.
Vitamin D Abuse in Pursuit of “Gains” Resulting in Acute Kidney Injury
Authors: Mason Nicholas , Sweet Lauren M , Wills Zachary , Schall Sarah 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Vitamin toxicity represents an increasingly frequent clinical diagnosis and can be difficult to initially recognize given the plethora of over-the-counter supplements available. The young, active, and heavily male population of the military is especially susceptible to such supplementation pitfalls. Here we present the case of acute renal failure with hypercalcemia that was found to be secondary to unrecognized high-dose over-the-counter vitamin supplementation and subsequent vitamin D hypervitaminosis initiated by the patient in the hope of boosting testosterone production. This clinical scenario demonstrates the dangers of easily accessible, often seemingly benign supplements and the need for greater education and awareness of supplementation use.
Designing a Wastewater-Based Epidemiology Study at the U.S. Air Force Academy: Using Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 to Test a Sentinel System for Early Disease Outbreak Detection
Authors: Goodwin Jordan M , Golder Philip M , LeClair Amy R , Jun Samuel C , Huckstep Odaro J , Steel J Jordan , Balboni Armand L 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
The presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) in wastewater has been proposed as a sentinel surveillance epidemiological tool for detection of infectious disease at a community level and as a complementary approach to syndromic surveillance of infectious disease outbreaks. We have designed a study to test the presence and quantity of SARS-CoV2, the virus responsible for COVID19, in the wastewater treatment facility (WWTF) of the U.S. Air Force Academy.

Materials and Methods
Wastewater samples were tested in the laboratory to quantify the amount of SARS-CoV2 RNA using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Raw SARS-CoV2 viral titer in wastewater was normalized to the viral titer of a fecal marker, pepper mild mottle virus, to correct for dilutions. Temporal and spatial trends of COVID19 were analyzed. Furthermore, we compared wastewater analysis results against clinical data to assist public health decisions.

Results
Preliminary data suggest that wastewater analysis can provide temporal and spatial trends of COVID19. The geographically discrete WWTF at the U.S. Air Force suggests that wastewater testing is a useful approach to developing a comprehensive sentinel surveillance system.

Conclusions
Together with ongoing syndromic surveillance data, this proof-of-concept study seeks to determine whether early detection of SARS-CoV2 in a closed system WWTF correlates to changes in community and clinically reported COVID19. The well-documented population served by the geographically discrete WWTF at the U.S. Air Force Academy may serve to better elucidate the adjunctive role of wastewater testing in a comprehensive surveillance system. These results may be of particular interest to the DoD and local commanders given the WWTFs under their immediate control and the information that these studies may provide in support of operational readiness through early detection of disease outbreaks.
JWST observations of dust reservoirs in type IIP supernovae 2004et and 2017eaw
Authors: Shahbandeh Melissa , Sarangi Arkaprabha , Temim Tea , Szalai Tamás , Fox Ori D , Tinyanont Samaporn , Dwek Eli , Dessart Luc , Filippenko Alexei V , Brink Thomas G , Foley Ryan J , Jencson Jacob , Pierel Justin , Zsíros Szanna , Rest Armin , Zheng WeiKang , Andrews Jennifer , Clayton Geoffrey C , De Kishalay , Engesser Michael , Gezari Suvi , Gomez Sebastian , Gonzaga Shireen , Johansson Joel , Kasliwal Mansi , Lau Ryan , De Looze Ilse , Marston Anthony , Milisavljevic Dan , O’Steen Richard , Siebert Matthew , Skrutskie Michael , Smith Nathan , Strolger Lou , Van Dyk Schuyler D , Wang Qinan , Williams Brian , Williams Robert , Xiao Lin , Yang Yi 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Supernova (SN) explosions have been sought for decades as a possible source of dust in the Universe, providing the seeds of galaxies, stars, and planetary systems. SN 1987A offers one of the most promising examples of significant SN dust formation, but until the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), instruments have traditionally lacked the sensitivity at both late times (&gt;1 yr post-explosion) and longer wavelengths (i.e. &gt;10 μm) to detect analogous dust reservoirs. Here we present JWST/MIRI observations of two historic Type IIP SNe, 2004et and SN 2017eaw, at nearly 18 and 5 yr post-explosion, respectively. We fit the spectral energy distributions as functions of dust mass and temperature, from which we are able to constrain the dust geometry, origin, and heating mechanism. We place a 90 per cent confidence lower limit on the dust masses for SNe 2004et and 2017eaw of &gt;0.014 and &gt;4 × 10−4 M⊙, respectively. More dust may exist at even colder temperatures or may be obscured by high optical depths. We conclude dust formation in the ejecta to be the most plausible and consistent scenario. The observed dust is radiatively heated to ∼100–150 K by ongoing shock interaction with the circumstellar medium. Regardless of the best fit or heating mechanism adopted, the inferred dust mass for SN 2004et is the second highest (next to SN 1987A) mid-infrared inferred dust mass in extragalactic SNe thus far, promoting the prospect of SNe as potential significant sources of dust in the Universe.
Peculiarities of radial velocity variability of lines in the spectrum of α Cyg supergiant
Authors: Rzaev Abid Kh 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We use about 430 CCD spectra obtained in 1998–2001 and in 2007 to study temporal radial velocity variations of the ion, He i, and H β lines in the spectrum of the α Cyg. We found that these variations are caused by pulsation-type motions. In case of the ion and He i lines, fluctuations occur in the fundamental radial mode with the period of about 12.5 ± 1.0 d and the amplitude of 5.0 ± 0.5 km s−1. The oscillation lasts about ∼34 ± 1 d. In the case of the H β line the radial velocity variability was studied separately for the blue and red halves of the line profile. Such a methodical approach allowed to discover three characteristic cases of radial velocity variability for the blue and red halves of the H β line profile. In 1999 and 2001, the period P and amplitude A variability parameters are the same for the blue and red halves, and hence for the line bisector too. In 1998, P and A are the same for the blue and red halves of the profile, however, there is a phase shift between the fluctuations of their radial velocity by 0.6P. In 2000, P and A are different for the two halves of the line profile. Relative to the center of the star’s mass, the average expansion rate for the atmospheric layers, where the H β line is formed, is about −10.0 km s−1. It varies over time with a semi-amplitude of around ±3.3 km s−1.
Beyond the ultradeep frontier fields and legacy observations (BUFFALO): a high-resolution strong+weak-lensing view of Abell 370
Authors: Niemiec A , Jauzac M , Eckert D , Lagattuta D , Sharon K , Koekemoer A M , Umetsu K , Acebron A , Diego J M , Harvey D , Jullo E , Kokorev V , Limousin M , Mahler G , Natarajan P , Nonino M , Steinhardt C , Tam S-I , Zitrin A 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
The HST treasury programme BUFFALO provides extended wide-field imaging of the six Hubble Frontier Fields galaxy clusters. Here we present the combined strong and weak-lensing analysis of Abell 370, a massive cluster at z = 0.375. From the reconstructed total projected mass distribution in the 6 arcmin × 6 arcmin BUFFALO field-of-view, we obtain the distribution of massive substructures outside the cluster core and report the presence of a total of seven candidates, each with mass ∼5 × 1013 M⊙. Combining the total mass distribution derived from lensing with multiwavelength data, we evaluate the physical significance of each candidate substructure, and conclude that five out of the seven substructure candidates seem reliable, and that the mass distribution in Abell 370 is extended along the north-west and south-east directions. While this finding is in general agreement with previous studies, our detailed spatial reconstruction provides new insights into the complex mass distribution at large cluster-centric radius. We explore the impact of the extended mass reconstruction on the model of the cluster core and in particular, we attempt to physically explain the presence of an important external shear component, necessary to obtain a low root-mean-square separation between the model-predicted and observed positions of the multiple images in the cluster core. The substructures can only account for up to half the amplitude of the external shear, suggesting that more effort is needed to fully replace it by more physically motivated mass components. We provide public access to all the lensing data used as well as the different lens models.
Benchmarks and explanations for deep learning estimates of X-ray galaxy cluster masses
Authors: Ho Matthew , Soltis John , Farahi Arya , Nagai Daisuke , Evrard August , Ntampaka Michelle 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We evaluate the effectiveness of deep learning (DL) models for reconstructing the masses of galaxy clusters using X-ray photometry data from next-generation surveys. We establish these constraints using a catalogue of realistic mock eROSITA X-ray observations which use hydrodynamical simulations to model realistic cluster morphology, background emission, telescope response, and active galactic nucleus (AGN) sources. Using bolometric X-ray photon maps as input, DL models achieve a predictive mass scatter of $\sigma _{\ln M_\mathrm{500c}} = 17.8~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$, a factor of two improvements on scalar observables such as richness Ngal, 1D velocity dispersion σv,1D, and photon count Nphot as well as a 32 per cent improvement upon idealized, volume-integrated measurements of the bolometric X-ray luminosity LX. We then show that extending this model to handle multichannel X-ray photon maps, separated in low, medium, and high energy bands, further reduces the mass scatter to 16.2 per cent. We also tested a multimodal DL model incorporating both dynamical and X-ray cluster probes and achieved marginal gains at a mass scatter of 15.9 per cent. Finally, we conduct a quantitative interpretability study of our DL models and find that they greatly down-weight the importance of pixels in the centres of clusters and at the location of AGN sources, validating previous claims of DL modelling improvements and suggesting practical and theoretical benefits for using DL in X-ray mass inference.
Dynamical mass of the white dwarf in XY Ari: a test for intermediate polar X-ray spectral models
Authors: Álvarez-Hernández A , Torres M A P , Rodríguez-Gil P , Shahbaz T , Sánchez-Sierras J , Acosta-Pulido J A , Jonker P G , Gazeas K D , Hakala P , Corral-Santana J M 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a dynamical study of the eclipsing intermediate polar XY Ari based on time-resolved near-infrared spectroscopy obtained with the EMIR spectrograph on the 10.4-m Gran Telescopio Canarias. Using main sequence template spectra taken with the same instrument setup as the target spectra, we measure a radial velocity amplitude of the late K- type donor star K2 = 256 ± 2 km s−1. We also obtain the rotational broadening of its photospheric lines vrot sin i = 141 ± 3 km s−1. From these and the eclipse geometry, we derive a donor-to-white dwarf mass ratio q = M2/M1 = 0.62 ± 0.02, an orbital inclination i = 80.8° ± 0.5° and dynamical masses $M_{1} = 1.21 \pm 0.04 \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$ and $M_2 = 0.75 \pm 0.04 \, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$ (1σ). This result places the white dwarf in XY Ari as one of the three most massive known in a cataclysmic variable. Comparison with white dwarf mass estimates from X-ray spectral studies could indicate the necessity of an improvement of the X-ray models and/or analysis techniques, as a number of X-ray white dwarf masses are in disagreement with the dynamical mass value.
BU Canis Minoris – the most compact known flat doubly eclipsing quadruple system
Authors: Pribulla Theodor , Borkovits Tamás , Jayaraman Rahul , Rappaport Saul , Mitnyan Tibor , Zasche Petr , Komžík Richard , Pál András , Uhlař Robert , Mašek Martin , Henzl Zbyněk , Bíró Imre Barna , Csányi István , Stuik Remko , Kristiansen Martti H , Schwengeler Hans M , Gagliano Robert , Jacobs Thomas L , Omohundro Mark , Kostov Veselin , Powell Brian P , Terentev Ivan A , Vanderburg Andrew , LaCourse Daryll , Rodriguez Joseph E , Bakos Gáspár , Csubry Zoltán , Hartman Joel 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We have found that the 2+2 quadruple star system BU CMi is currently the most compact quadruple system known, with an extremely short outer period of only 121 d. The previous record holder was TIC 219006972 (Kostov et al.), with a period of 168 d. The quadruple nature of BU CMi was established by Volkov, Kravtsova & Chochol, but they misidentified the outer period as 6.6 yr. BU CMi contains two eclipsing binaries (EBs), each with a period near 3 d, and a substantial eccentricity of ≃0.22. All four stars are within ∼0.1 M⊙ of 2.4 M⊙. Both binaries exhibit dynamically driven apsidal motion with fairly short apsidal periods of ≃30 yr, due to the short outer orbital period. The outer period of 121 d is found both from the dynamical perturbations, with this period imprinted on the eclipse timing variations curve of each EB by the other binary, and by modelling the complex line profiles in a collection of spectra. We find that the three orbital planes are all mutually aligned to within 1 deg, but the overall system has an inclination angle near 83.5°. We utilize a complex spectro-photodynamical analysis to compute and tabulate all the interesting stellar and orbital parameters of the system. Finally, we also find an unexpected dynamical perturbation on a time-scale of several years whose origin we explore. This latter effect was misinterpreted by Volkov et al. and led them to conclude that the outer period was 6.6 yr rather than the 121 d that we establish here.
A catalogue of cataclysmic variables from 20 yr of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey with new classifications, periods, trends, and oddities
Authors: Inight Keith , Gänsicke Boris T , Breedt Elmé , Israel Henry T , Littlefair Stuart P , Manser Christopher J , Marsh Tom R , Mulvany Tim , Pala Anna Francesca , Thorstensen John R 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a catalogue of 507 cataclysmic variables (CVs) observed in SDSS I to IV including 70 new classifications collated from multiple archival data sets. This represents the largest sample of CVs with high-quality and homogeneous optical spectroscopy. We have used this sample to derive unbiased space densities and period distributions for the major sub-types of CVs. We also report on some peculiar CVs, period bouncers and also CVs exhibiting large changes in accretion rates. We report 70 new CVs, 59 new periods, 178 unpublished spectra, and 262 new or updated classifications. From the SDSS spectroscopy, we also identified 18 systems incorrectly identified as CVs in the literature. We discuss the observed properties of 13 peculiar CVS, and we identify a small set of eight CVs that defy the standard classification scheme. We use this sample to investigate the distribution of different CV sub-types, and we estimate their individual space densities, as well as that of the entire CV population. The SDSS I to IV sample includes 14 period bounce CVs or candidates. We discuss the variability of CVs across the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, highlighting selection biases of variability-based CV detection. Finally, we searched for, and found eight tertiary companions to the SDSS CVs. We anticipate that this catalogue and the extensive material included in the Supplementary Data will be useful for a range of observational population studies of CVs.
JWST early Universe observations and ΛCDM cosmology
Authors: Gupta Rajendra P 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Deep space observations of the JWST have revealed that the structure and masses of very early Universe galaxies at high redshifts ($z\sim15$), existing at $\sim$0.3 Gyr after the Big Bang, may be as evolved as the galaxies in existence for $\sim10$ Gyr. The JWST findings are thus in strong tension with the ${\rm{\Lambda}}$CDM cosmological model. While tired light (TL) models have been shown to comply with the JWST angular galaxy size data, they cannot satisfactorily explain isotropy of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations or fit the supernovae distance modulus versus redshift data well. We have developed hybrid models that include the tired light concept in the expanding universe. The hybrid ${\rm{\Lambda}}$CDM model fits the supernovae type 1a data well but not the JWST observations. We present a model with covarying coupling constants (CCC), starting from the modified FLRW metric and resulting Einstein and Friedmann equations, and a CCC + TL hybrid model. They fit the Pantheon + data admirably, and the CCC + TL model is compliant with the JWST observations. It stretches the age of the Universe to 26.7 Gyr with 5.8 Gyr at $z = 10$ and 3.5 Gyr at $z = 20$, giving enough time to form massive galaxies. It thus resolves the ‘impossible early galaxy’ problem without requiring the existence of primordial black hole seeds or modified power spectrum, rapid formation of massive population III stars, and super Eddington accretion rates. One could infer the CCC model as an extension of the ${\rm{\Lambda}}$CDM model with a dynamic cosmological constant.
Intra-system uniformity: a natural outcome of dynamical sculpting
Authors: Lammers Caleb , Hadden Sam , Murray Norman 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
There is evidence that exoplanet systems display intra-system uniformity in mass, radius, and orbital spacing (like ‘peas in a pod’) when compared with the system-to-system variations of planetary systems. This has been interpreted as the outcome of the early stages of planet formation, indicative of a picture in which planets form at characteristic mass scales with uniform separations. In this paper, we argue instead that intra-system uniformity in planet sizes and orbital spacings likely arose from the dynamical sculpting of initially overly packed planetary systems (in other words, the giant impact phase). With a suite of N-body simulations, we demonstrate that systems with random initial masses and compact planet spacings naturally develop intra-system uniformity, in quantitative agreement with observations, due to collisions between planets. Our results suggest that the pre-giant impact planet mass distribution is fairly wide and provide evidence for the prevalence of dynamical sculpting in shaping the observed population of exoplanets.
Impact of mobile phone-specific electromagnetic fields on DNA damage caused by occupationally relevant exposures: results of ex vivo experiments with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from different demographic groups
Authors: Mišík Miroslav , Kundi Michael , Worel Nadine , Ferk Franziska , Hutter Hans-Peter , Grusch Michael , Nersesyan Armen , Herrera Morales Denise , Knasmueller Siegfried 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate if age and body mass of humans have an impact on the DNA-damaging properties of high-frequency mobile phone-specific electromagnetic fields (HF-EMF, 1950 MHz, universal mobile telecommunications system, UMTS signal) and if this form of radiation has an impact on the genotoxic effects of occupationally relevant exposures. Pooled peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from three groups [young normal weight, young obese (YO), and older age normal weight individuals] were exposed to different doses of HF-EMF (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 W/kg specific absorption rate—SAR) and simultaneously or sequentially to different chemicals which cause DNA damage (CrO3, NiCl2, benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide—BPDE, and 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide—4NQO) via different molecular mechanisms. We found no difference in regard to the background values in the three groups but a significant increase of DNA damage (81% without and 36% with serum) in cells from old participants after radiation with 1.0 W/kg SAR 16 h. In combined treatment experiments we found no impact of the UMTS signal on chemically induced DNA damage in the different groups in general. However, a moderate decrease of DNA damage was seen in simultaneous treatment experiments with BPDE and 1.0 W/kg SAR in the YO group (decline 18%). Taken together our findings indicate that HF-EMF cause DNA damage in PBMC from older subjects (69.1 years). Furthermore, they show that the radiation does not increase induction of DNA damage by occupationally relevant chemicals.
RNA polymerase common subunit ZmRPABC5b is transcriptionally activated by Opaque2 and essential for endosperm development in maize
Authors: Chen Quanquan , Guo Yingmei , Zhang Jie , Zheng Nannan , Wang Jie , Liu Yan , Lu Jiawen , Zhen Sihan , Du Xuemei , Li Li , Fu Junjie , Wang Guoying , Gu Riliang , Wang Jianhua , Liu Yunjun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Maize (Zea mays) kernel size is an important factor determining grain yield; although numerous genes regulate kernel development, the roles of RNA polymerases in this process are largely unclear. Here, we characterized the defective kernel 701 (dek701) mutant that displays delayed endosperm development but normal vegetative growth and flowering transition, compared to its wild type. We cloned Dek701, which encoded ZmRPABC5b, a common subunit to RNA polymerases I, II and III. Loss-of-function mutation of Dek701 impaired the function of all three RNA polymerases and altered the transcription of genes related to RNA biosynthesis, phytohormone response and starch accumulation. Consistent with this observation, loss-of-function mutation of Dek701 affected cell proliferation and phytohormone homeostasis in maize endosperm. Dek701 was transcriptionally regulated in the endosperm by the transcription factor Opaque2 through binding to the GCN4 motif within the Dek701 promoter, which was subjected to strong artificial selection during maize domestication. Further investigation revealed that DEK701 interacts with the other common RNA polymerase subunit ZmRPABC2. The results of this study provide substantial insight into the Opaque2–ZmRPABC5b transcriptional regulatory network as a central hub for regulating endosperm development in maize.