bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impacts of Nitrogen Sources and Rates on Soil Chemical Attributes and Potato Nutrition and Yield in a Subtropical Environment
Authors: Yagi Renato , Bagio Bárbara , Soratto Rogério P. , Chiachia Thaís R. S. , Almeida Danilo S. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The nutritional status of the plants, soil chemical attributes prior to vine killing, and the classified yield of tubers may characterize soil-plant interactions with nitrogen (N) side-dressing for potato cultivars, indicating the most appropriate source and rate at sidedressing in subtropical environment. Two experiments with potato cultivars Agata and Atlantic were carried out with the aim of evaluating the effect of N sources (urea, ammonium sulfate and calcium nitrate) and rates (70, 140 and 210 kg ha− 1) on sidedressing, plus a zero-N control treatment, in the southern Brazil. Discrete variations on nutrients in diagnostic leaves and on soil chemical attributes in the Agata experiment were not reflected in the maximum average increase of 69.0% (14.2 Mg ha− 1) in total tuber yields obtained with 152 kg N ha− 1 as ammonium sulfate or calcium nitrate, which did not differ in AE’s. For the Atlantic cultivar, urea rates were practically inert in soil and plant attributes, and the ammonium sulfate rates acidified the soil and increased their Al3+ contents in the ridges, reduced Ca and Mg foliar concentrations and did not increase marketable tuber yields. Calcium nitrate increased foliar N, Ca and Mg concentrations, increasing marketable tuber yields by 26.6% (7.3 Mg ha− 1) with 116.7% higher AE than other N sources. In subtropical acidic inceptisols with potentially available Al3+, 153 kg N ha− 1 as ammonium sulfate or calcium nitrate for cultivar Agata and 152 kg N ha− 1 as calcium nitrate for cultivar Atlantic are the best options for sidedressing fertilization.
Physiological mechanism of sodium salicylate and folcisteine on alleviating salt stress in wheat seedlings
Authors: Han Aohui , Wang Cuiling , Li Jingchong , Xu Li , Guo Xiaoyan , Li Weiguo , Zhou Feng , Liu Run-Qiang 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Soil salinization can significantly affect the normal growth and development of wheat, and can cause wheat death in severe cases, resulting in a decline of grain yield and quality, which poses an important threat to food security in China. In this study, the effects of two plant exogenous growth regulators, sodium salicylate and folcisteine, on the physiology and main characters of wheat under salt stress were studied by hydroponics. The results showed that both plant growth regulators could effectively alleviate the inhibition of wheat growth under salt stress. The morphological and physiological indexes, antioxidant enzyme such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content of wheat after foliar spraying of sodium salicylate and folcisteine under salt stress were determined, which showed that the effect of sodium salicylate was better than that of folcisteine. Meanwhile, the determination results of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and superoxide anion (O2−) content showed that the effect of folcisteine was better than that of sodium salicylate. Simultaneously, the synergistic effect of the two regulators can be played significantlyin the compound treatment, and the effect is the best. In addition, this study also found that the effect of early regulators was not obvious, but under the continuous action of the regulators, the growth of wheat under stress environment could be improved and the damage of salt stress on wheat growth and development colud be significantly alleviated, which could effectively guarantee the food security and production in China.
Where, when, and which root types do respond to local phosphorus supply?
Authors: Hashimoto Masaaki , Aoki Hiromitsu , Murakami Shun , Koyama Takuya 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background and aims To maximize the effectiveness of local phosphorus (P) application, it is necessary to understand under which soil conditions plant growth is improved and where, when, and which root types respond to these conditions.
Methods We developed an experimental system that combines root-box method with AI-based image analysis to monitor spatio-temporal root response. Wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Norin 61) were grown in boxes with varying soil P content between patches, while keeping P amount constant among treatments.
Results Significant improvement in root and shoot growth was observed only in treatments with substantial differences in soil P content between patches. Among root types, only lateral roots in P-rich patches increased but decreased in P-poor patch from 4th leaf stage, despite no difference in total roots per plant. If plants couldn’t sufficiently absorb P for growth, lateral roots primarily responded to local soil P content, whereas if plants could, their development would be systematically controlled by the entire plant.
Conclusion We concluded that lateral root distribution in response to local P supply from 4th leaf stage promoted shoot growth, only in cases where substantial differences in P content existed between patches. Seminal and nodal roots likely contribute to spreading root distribution, while lateral roots response plastic to local soil P conditions.
Inter-species root interaction can shift feedback effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi from neutral to positive or negative
Authors: li xin , duan wenyan , jing ruonan , li qing , s min 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Aims
The growth-improvement of Robinia pseudoacacia in the presence of Platycladus orientalis is well documented, but the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi and roots on the growth of these trees remain largely unexplored. Here, we show different effects of changed AM fungi under distinct belowground interaction pathways.
Methods
An AM fungal community native to grassland and a remodeled AM community from an adjacent R. pseudoacacia and P. orientalis mixed stand were collected and used in a pot experiment to estimate the role of AM fungi in the co-existence of conspecific and heterospecific neighbor trees. Using pots compartmented with mesh of different pore sizes, we also investigated how the feedback effects of remodeled AM fungi on R. pseudoacacia and P. orientalisgrowth were affected by different belowground interaction pathways between plants.
Results
The biomass of P. orientalis coexisting with conspecific plants decreased under the remodeled AM treatment while that of R. pseudoacacia increased. The contrasting response of these tree species is attributable to different tree-tree interaction patterns. P. orientalis and R. pseudoacacia also experienced different AM-induced plant-soil feedback responses (APSF) in the presence of interspecific root interaction. Furthermore, we found the mechanisms of how AM colonization, photosynthesis and root morphology affected APSF in presence of different intra- and interspecific interaction pathways.
Conclusion
There is a critical influence of neighbor tree identity and of tree-tree interaction pathways in the feedback effects induced by AM fungi on R. pseudoacaciaand P. orientalis. The use of high proportion of P. orientalis is not advisable in R. pseudoacacia × P. orientalis mixed stands.
WITHDRAWN: The effect of different cage densities on keel bone damage in brown and white laying hens
Authors: UYSAL Ayşe , LAÇİN Ekrem 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Fractures and deviations of the keel bone are an important welfare problem for laying hens. In this study, keel bone damage (KBD) was investigated by the X-ray method in brown and white laying hens, which were housed at three different cage densities during the laying period. Two different breeds of laying hens, namely, the Isa Tinted (IT) and Hy-Line Brown (HB), were used in the study. The chickens were assigned to three experimental groups, which were housed at a low (5 hens/cage (LCD)), medium (7 hens/cage (MCD)) and high cage density (10 hens/cage (HCD)) during the laying period. In total 396 chickens, comprising 198 HB and 198 IT layers were housed in these cages. Radiographic examination and blood sampling were performed on one chicken from each cage at 35, 51 and 60 weeks, amounting to a total of 54 brown and white laying hens in each period and a total of 162 hybrids for all three periods. X-ray images taken at the end of the study period were scored (0:no deviation, 1:deviation; 0:no fracture, 1:fracture). According to the results obtained, among the hormones involved in calcium metabolism (OC, CT, PTH), only PTH was found to be significantly affected by age (P<0.05) and breed (IT>HB) (P<0.001) The scoring data showed that while the effect of age on fracture and deviation was insignificant; cage density insignificantly affected fracture but significantly affected deviation (P=0.009) (higher rate at LCD). The results of this study demonstrated that conventional cage systems pose a risk for KBD.
Volatile compounds from garlic (Allium sativum L.) mustard (Brassica nigra L.) oil macerate enhances the activity of multiple antibiotics against Staphylococcus aureus: A In-vitro and in silico study.
Authors: Singha Joydeep , Dutta Nipu , Saikia Jyoti Prasad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is known to be associated with various human infections worldwide. Due to an increase in antibiotic resistance, S. aureus infections are difficult to cure with the present generation of antibiotics. Therefore, new antibacterial compounds or adjuvant discovery is in demand at present. In the present research garlic mustard oil macerate is prepared by heating garlic cloves macerated in mustard oil for 4 hours at 80 ºC. The effect of the macerate vapour on the antibacterial activity of gentamycin, kanamycin, and streptomycin against S. aureus was examined and found to be significantly increased compared to antibiotics alone. GMM vapour inhibited the staphyloxanthin production by 44.237±0.14 % compared to mustard oil vapour treated bacterial cells. The bacterial cell membrane disruption was seen during SEM analysis on the bacterial cells treated with GMM vapour. LCMS and GCMS analysis confirmed the presence of 2-vinyl-4H-1,3, dithiin, ajoene, allicin, sinigrin, and allyl isothiocyanate (AITC). In-silico molecular docking analysis has shown hydrophobic and Van der Waals interaction of the phytochemicals with dehydroxysqualene synthase protein (crtM) of S. aureus. However, allicin and sinigrin had also shown hydrogen bonding with crtM proteins.
Stress tolerant species are keys to plant communities success on extensive green roof: an experimental test of CSR strategy dynamic
Authors: Rivière Lucie , Meeûs Sophie , Mahy Gregory 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Selecting appropriate native plant species to ensure the resilience of plant communities and ecosystem services on extensive green roofs is a challenge. Plant functional strategy models provide a useful framework for identifying plant characteristics that promote plant success on green roofs, and for generalizing results obtained with limited number of species to a global flora.
We analysed the dynamics of floristic composition and CSR strategies of seeded plant communities on experimental extensive green roofs under different stress conditions (substrate depths and fertilization treatments) at early establishment (4 years).
Floristic composition evolved strongly over four years, with a significant reduction in species richness and equitability due to the increasing dominance of the stress-tolerant Sedum album. CSR strategies shifted from initial communities co-dominated by C and R strategies to communities largely dominated by S strategy four years later. Changes in plant communities strategy were modulated by substrate depth with higher increase in S strategy under more stressful conditions. At the installation of vegetation, the dominant factor discriminating CSR composition was fertilization supply. Substrate depth emerged as the primary factor determining CSR strategy after four years of plant community establishment.
Our study supports the pattern that stress-tolerant species tend to rapidly dominate plant communities on extensive green roofs and suggests that native species selection, for implementing analogous habitat on extensive green roofs, in temperate climate, should primarily focus on natural habitats composed of stress-tolerant species. A mix of different functional strategies can be favourable to vegetation success on green roofs with environmental heterogeneity.
Nanobiomechanical data classified by Deep learning based on convolutional neural networks
Authors: Martinez-Rivas Adrian , Formosa-Dague Cecile , Espinal Luis Emilio Magana , -Chemin Ophelie Thomas- , Carillo Kevin , Severac Childerick , DAGUE Etienne 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Nanobiomechanical data have an interest in biomedical research, but the capability of deep learning (DL) based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) has not been explored to classify such data. We propose to use these strategies to treat nanobiomechanical data acquired by atomic force microscopy (AFM) on Candida albicans living cells, an opportunistic pathogenic micro-organism of medical interest. Data, acquired by force spectroscopy, allowed us to generate force vs. distance curves (FD curves) which its profile is linked to nanobiomechanical properties of C. albicans. DL was applied to classify FD curves, considered as images, into 3 groups: adhesive nanodomains, non-adhesive domains or in between domains. We achieved a real multiclass classification with a validation accuracy, macro-average of F1, and the weighted average of 92%, without the need to perform the usual dropout or weight regularisation methods. Transfer learning with a pre-trained (PT) VGG16 architecture with and without fine tuning (FT) permitted us to verify that our model is less computationally complex and better fitted. The generalisation was done by classifying on other C. albicans cells with more that 99% of confidence, to finally predict 16,384 FD curves in less than 90 seconds. This model could be employed by a non-machine learning specialist as the trained model can be downloaded to predict the adhesiveness, within seconds, on C. albicans cells characterized by AFM.
Outcomes of patients with gallbladder cancer presenting with acute cholecystitis
Authors: Franco Nunzio , Lau Ngee-Soon , Liu Wai M , Rahim Aadil , Fadia Mitali , Chua Yu Jo , Jain Ankit , Yip Desmond , Gananadha Sivakumar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to explore the outcomes of patients with found to have gallbladder cancer after emergency cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis versus those found incidentally. The true incidence of primary gallbladder cancer co-existing in acute cholecystitis is not defined especially in the Western population with high incidence of gallstone disease and a low incidence of gallbladder cancer.
Methods
A retrospective review of all patients with gallbladder cancer managed at the Canberra Health Service between 1998 and May 2022 were identified and reviewed.
Results
A total of 65 patients were diagnosed with primary gallbladder cancer during the study period with a mean age of 70.4 years (SD 11.4, range 59-81.8 years) and a female preponderance (74% versus 26%) with a ratio of 2.8. Twenty (31%) patients presented with acute calculus cholecystitis and were found to have a primary gallbladder cancer. This group of patients were older and predominantly female but the difference was not statistically significant. The overall 5-year survival in the cohort was 20% (stage 1-63%, stage 2- 23%, stage 3- 16% and stage 4- 0%). There was no statistically significant difference in survival between those who presented with acute cholecystitis vs other presentations.
Conclusions
A third of the patients with gallbladder cancer presented with acute cholecystitis. There was no statistically significant difference in survival in those with bile spillage during cholecystectomy as well those presenting with acute cholecystitis.
Effect of Panax notoginseng intervention on the autophagy mechanism in a rat model of deep vein thrombosis
Authors: Wang Dafen , Zhu Chen , Shi Ying , Jiang Chufeng , Wang Lingcong , Cai Danli 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
To establish a rat model of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) via the ligation of the inferior vena cava and investigate the intervention effect of Panax notoginseng (PN) on autophagy in DVT rats.
Methods
A rat model of DVT was established, and the rats were treated with PN and low-molecular-weight heparin (enoxaparin sodium injection) to observe the effect of PN on autophagy.
Results
In the model group, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining revealed high levels of thrombosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. In the model group, Beclin1, P62, and LC3 mRNA expression was significantly increased. The P-selectin content increased significantly, and the red blood cell count and hemoglobin level decreased significantly. In the model + PN (M + PN) group, H&E staining revealed reduced thrombosis formation; a small area of recanalization was observed, and one sample showed no obvious thrombosis. Beclin1, P62, and LC3 mRNA expression was significantly downregulated. H&E staining revealed reduced thrombus formation in the model + low-molecular-weight heparin (M + LMWH) group compared with the model group; neither M + LMWH sample showed obvious thrombus formation. However, only LC3 mRNA expression was downregulated. The content of P-selectin was decreased and the red blood cell count was increased.
Conclusion
DVT rats exhibited autophagy, and PN improved DVT by inhibiting the autophagy process.
CMMSE: Upper and Lower Bounds for the Sum-Lordeg Index on unicyclic graphs
Authors: Martínez-Pérez Alvaro , Molina Edil , Rodríguez José M. , Sigarreta José M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Topological indices are used to understand physicochemical properties of chemical compounds,since they capture some properties of a molecule in a single number. The \emph{sum lordeg index} is defined as$$SL(G) = \sum_{u\in V(G)} d_u \sqrt{\log d_u} \,.$$This index is interesting from an applied viewpoint sinceit is the best predictor of octanol-water partitioncoefficient for octane isomers. The aim of this paper is to obtain new inequalities for the Sum-Lordeg Index restricted to unicyclic graphsand to characterize the set of extremal graphs.Our main results provide upper and lower bounds for this topological index on unicyclic graphs, fixing or not the number of pendant vertices, and finding the corresponding extremal graphs.Also, we provide some new relations between the Sum-Lordeg Index and other indices as the First Variable Zagreb index or the Narumi-Katayama Index.Finally, we show that the sum lordeg index is an important tool for predicting the boiling point of cycloalkanes isomers.
MSC Classi cation: 05C09 , 05C92 , 92E10.
Optimal RF-Chain Selection with Hybrid Analog and Digital Beamformer Design Using Deep Learning in mmWave Communication System
Authors: Kotikalapudi C Shekhar , P Jeyakumar , Kamj Divya Sri , Sanjai B , Muthuchidambaranathan P 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Energy efficiency is treated as an important performance metric in wireless communication systems, and selecting the appropriate RF chains plays a vital role in maximizing overall system performance, energy efficiency , and spectral efficiency. To maximize energy efficiency and spectral efficiency, a two-level optimization technique for RF chain selection and beamforming is proposed in this paper. In the first level, RF chain selection is performed using particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to maximize system rate. The selected RF chains are then used in the second level, where a two-stage deep learning-based Beamform-ing Neural Network (BFNN) is employed to optimize the beamforming process while being robust to imperfect channel state information (CSI). The BFNN takes the estimated CSI as input and outputs the optimized analog beamformer. The proposed BFNN is trained using a loss function tailored for beamforming optimization. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, showcasing significant improvements in spectral efficiency, while mitigating the effects of imperfect CSI. The spectral efficiency with and without RF selection using PSO is 51.5439 and 47.7258 respectively at SNR of 20dB. This approach provides an efficient and robust solution for RF chain selection and beamforming optimization in wireless communication systems.
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Resource Management in Network Function Virtualization
Authors: Neyigapula Bheema Shanker 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has revolutionized the networking land- scape by enabling the flexible deployment of network services through software. However, efficient resource management remains a critical challenge in NFV envi- ronments due to the dynamic nature of network conditions and workloads. This research paper proposes a novel approach to address this challenge by employing deep reinforcement learning techniques for resource management in NFV. The paper presents a comprehensive framework that combines deep reinforcement learning principles with NFV’s resource allocation problem. By leveraging this approach, intelligent and adaptive resource allocation strategies are developed, enhancing NFV performance, reducing operational costs, and optimizing resource utilization. Through rigorous experimentation and analysis, the paper evaluates the proposed framework’s effectiveness, comparing it with existing methods and showcasing its potential to transform NFV resource management.
Laplacian Spectrum of Graphs and new L-Borderenergetic Families
Authors: Dede Cahit 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In the first part of this paper, we present the Laplacian spectrum of some graphs composed of complete graphs. To begin with, we give the Laplacian spectrum of G1 = aKi ∪ b(Kj × Kk) and then we find the values of i, b, j, k ∈ Z + for which G1 is Laplacian borderenergetic. Similarly, we give the Laplacian spectrum of G2 = aKi∇b(Kj × Kk) ∪ cKl and find the values of a, i, b, j, k, c, l ∈ Z + for which G2 is Laplacian borderenergetic. In this part, we construct three infinite families of non-complete disconnected L-borderenergetic graphs: Λ1 = {Gb,j,k = (((j − 2)k − 2j + 2)b + 1)K (j−1)k−(j−2)) ∪ b(Kj × Kk)|b, j, k ∈ Z + }, Λ2 = {G2,b = [K6∇b(K2 × K3)] ∪ (4b − 2)K9|b ∈ Z + }, Λ3 = {G3,b = [bK8∇b(K2 × K4)] ∪ (14b − 4)K8b+6|b ∈ Z + }. Then, in the second part of this work, we construct new infinite families of non-complete connected L-borderenergetic graphs Ω1 = {K2∇aK r 2 |a ∈ Z + }, Ω2 = {aK3 ∪ 2(K2 × K3)|a ∈ Z + } and Ω3 = {aK5 ∪ (K3 × K3)|a ∈ Z + }.
MSC Classification: 05C50 , 05C76 , 15A18