bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development and characterization of a recombinant silk network for 3D culture of immortalized and fresh tumor‐derived breast cancer cells
Authors: Collodet Caterina , Blust Kelly , Gkouma Savvini , Ståhl Emmy , Chen Xinsong , Hartman Johan , Hedhammar My 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTraditional cancer models rely on 2D cell cultures or 3D spheroids, which fail to recapitulate cell‐extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions, a key element of tumor development. Existing hydrogel‐based 3D alternatives lack mechanical support for cell growth and often suffer from low reproducibility. Here we report a novel strategy to make 3D models of breast cancer using a tissue‐like, well‐defined network environment based on recombinant spider silk, functionalized with a cell adhesion motif from fibronectin (FN‐silk). With this approach, the canonical cancer cells SK‐BR‐3, MCF‐7, and MDA‐MB‐231, maintain their characteristic expression of markers (i.e., ERα, HER2, and PGR) while developing distinct morphology. Transcriptomic analyses demonstrate how culture in the FN‐silk networks modulates the biological processes of cell adhesion and migration while affecting physiological events involved in malignancy, such as inflammation, remodeling of the ECM, and resistance to anticancer drugs. Finally, we show that integration in FN‐silk networks promotes the viability of cells obtained from the superficial scraping of patients' breast tumors.
Less necessity of adjuvant S‐1 treatment in non‐monarchE‐eligible patients
Authors: Yu Muhan , Takada Mamoru , Yamada Hideyuki , Fujimoto Hiroshi , Sakakibara Junta , Yamamoto Hiroto , Nagashima Takeshi , Ohtsuka Masayuki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn monarchE and Postoperative Therapy with Endocrine and TS‐1 (POTENT) trials, abemaciclib and S‐1 have, respectively, shown to be effective as adjuvant therapies for luminal breast cancer (BC), although whether patients who meet the criteria are at high risk of recurrence compared to non‐eligible patients is still unknown. Here, we investigated recurrence risk according to the criteria of each trial in Japanese patients.MethodsWe reviewed the records of 992 patients who received surgery at Chiba University Hospital for stage I–III BC from January 2017 to May 2022 and selected 553 analytic cohort patients and retrospectively analyzed the relapse‐free survival of the patients as the primary endpoint. High‐recurrence risk was defined according to monarchE trial and POTENT trial.ResultsThe 5‐year RFS for monarchE cohort 1 and cohort 2 eligible patients were 77.78% and 89.33%, respectively, which were significantly lower than monarchE non‐eligible patients (98.31%; p < 0.0001). However, the 5‐year RFS rate for POTENT eligible patients (90.51%) was lower than for POTENT non‐eligible patients (98.75%; p = 0.0001); excluding those who met the monarchE criteria, the prognosis of POTENT eligible patients had no significant differences from the prognosis of patients with POTENT non‐eligible BC (p = 0.3100).ConclusionMonarchE criteria accurately identify patients who are prone to relapse. Moreover, although POTENT criteria also suggested a reasonable capacity for recurrence prediction, there was no significant difference in recurrence between POTENT non‐eligible patients and the patients who were POTENT but not monarchE eligible. This might offer justification for reconsidering the use of S‐1 in monarchE non‐eligible patients.
Systemic treatment in patients with Child–Pugh B liver dysfunction and advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Costa Frederico , Wiedenmann Bertram , Roderburg Christoph , Mohr Raphael , Abou‐Alfa Ghassan K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of death among patients with liver cirrhosis. The rise of immuno‐oncology has revolutionized treatment for advanced HCC. However, most pivotal randomized controlled trials have excluded patients with moderate liver dysfunction (Child–Pugh–Turcotte B), despite the high incidence of liver disease in patients with HCC at the time of diagnosis. Overall survival in patients with HCC and moderate liver dysfunction treated with sorafenib has been found to be only approximately 3–5 months, underlining the need for improved treatment algorithms for this increasingly important subgroup of patients. In this review, we summarize available data on the treatment of patients with HCC and moderate liver dysfunction. Opportunities, as well as clinical challenges, are discussed in detail, highlighting potential changes to the therapeutic landscape.
Clinical impact of carbon‐ion radiotherapy on hepatocellular carcinoma with Child‐Pugh B cirrhosis
Authors: Hiroshima Yuichi , Wakatsuki Masaru , Kaneko Takashi , Makishima Hirokazu , Okada Naomi Nagatake , Yasuda Shigeo , Ishikawa Hitoshi , Tsuji Hiroshi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with Child‐Pugh (CP)‐B not eligible for surgery nor other focal therapy options due to impaired liver function, have very limited treatment options. This study aims to retrospectively investigate the toxicity and efficacy of Carbon‐ion radiotherapy (C‐ion RT) on HCC with CP‐B patients.Materials and MethodsPatients with CP‐B, no extrahepatic metastasis, and treated with C‐ion RT between May 2000 and March 2020 were retrospectively extracted and included in this study.ResultsSixty‐nine lesions of 58 patients were included. The median follow‐up duration was 20.5 (2.7–108) months. During follow‐up, recurrence was observed in 43 patients, including 2 local recurrences and 39 intrahepatic recurrences beyond the irradiation field. A grade 3 acute hepatotoxicity was observed in one patient during the observation period. No acute or late adverse event of grade ≥4 was observed. Overall survival was 80.4% and 46.0% at 1 and 2 years, respectively, and the median survival time was 22.6 months. Local control rate was 96.4% at both 1 and 2 years, and progression‐free survival was 38.6% and 6.9% at 1 and 2 years, respectively, with a median of 9.7 months.ConclusionThe C‐ion RT showed low toxicity and good local effect in patients with HCC and CP‐B. Therefore, C‐ion RT could be an appropriate treatment for patients with HCC with poor liver function.
Molecular analysis of gene variants in an Iranian family with psychomotor retardation mitochondrial disorder patient
Authors: Shabannejadian Forough , Masoomizadeh Seyedeh Zahra , Andashti Behnaz 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageIn 1‐year‐old girl presenting with neurodegenerative mitochondrial disease (Leigh syndrome), mutation analysis was performed by whole exome sequencing. Pathogenic variants were then analyzed in parents and relatives by Sanger sequencing. We identified a point mutation c.G484A in NDUFS8 gene which was homozygous in patient and heterozygous in parents.
Applications of Al2O3‐Based Nano‐Catalysts in Thermocatalytic CO2 Transformations: Impacts of Surface Acidity and Basicity
Authors: Qiu Shuxian , Wu Yingxin , Tan Yongxian , Dai Qiuping , Gao Xingyuan , Kawi Sibudjing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAdsorption and activation of CO2 exert a profound impact on the catalytic conversion and stability in thermocatalytic CO2 transformations. To optimize the surface property of Al2O3‐based nano‐catalysts, various modifications focusing on the surface acidity and basicity have been applied and proven effective in promoting the CO2 adsorption and activation, thus enhancing the catalytic performances. In this Review, the beneficial effects of a series of modifications strategies (e. g., promoters and synthesis/treatment methods) on adjusting the surface acidity and basicity of Al2O3‐based nano‐catalysts were comprehensively summarized, covering nearly all types of thermocatalytic CO2 transformations (e. g., reforming and hydrogenation). Moreover, the structure‐performance relationships were discussed in depth by relating to the adsorption, activation and conversion of CO2, selectivity of targeted products as well as the coke resistance and lifespan of catalysts.
Design of Module Type Package Services for Modular Downstream Units and Process Analytic Technology
Authors: Bittorf Lukas , Oeing Jonas , Kock Tobias , Garreis Robert , Kockmann Norbert 
Published: May 2023

AbstractModularization of process plants with its standardization activities is one of the current responses to react to dynamic markets, shorter product life cycles, and uncertain supply chains. Standardized solutions for intelligent process equipment assemblies with own automation promise high potential for chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Despite the standardized description of the module type package (MTP) and the corresponding service concept, the implementation of the service logic is left to the manufacturer, which often leads to finding various granular services for different process functions or assemblies. In this contribution, different service design approaches for a generic ‘separate’ service are investigated on the example of a solvent extraction and a distillation column. Additionally, a Raman spectroscope device for process analysis is implemented via MTP with an ‘analyze’ service. Pros and cons of the different service design approaches are discussed in the context of a fast and flexible process development in the laboratory.
Coulombic Efficiency of Lithium Deposition and Stripping on Lithium Metal: A New Method for Measuring
Authors: Hasegawa Takumi , Mori Daisuke , Taminato Sou , Takeda Yasuo , Yamamoto Osamu , Imanishi Nobuyuki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRechargeable lithium metal batteries (RLMBs) have been extensively investigated as a next‐generation battery for electric vehicles because of their two times higher specific energy density than conventional lithium‐ion batteries. However, RLMBs have not been commercialized yet, because of the low coulombic efficiency (CE) of the lithium deposition and stripping process and lithium dendrite formation. CEs measured by a conventional method with a Li/electrolyte/Cu were considerably lower than those measured using full cells of Li/electrolyte/oxide cathode. The discrepancy is considered to be due to the non‐reversibility of the Cu electrode for the lithium deposition and stripping process. Here, we propose a new method to determine the CE of lithium deposition and stripping on lithium metal from the loss of electrolyte using a Li/electrolyte/Li cell with a limited amount of electrolyte.
Impact of climate smart agriculture on households’ resilience and vulnerability: An example from Central Rift Valley, Ethiopia
Authors: Ali Hussien , Menza Mesfin , Hagos Fitsum , Haileslassie Amare 
Published: May 2023

AbstractClimate change is causing serious challenges for smallholder farm households, especially in sub‐Saharan Africa. The overarching objectives of this study are as follows: (i) to estimate household resilience and vulnerability indices, (ii) identify factors that explain these indices and (iii) to examine the impact of climate‐smart agriculture (CSA) on households’ resilience and vulnerability, and (iv) to identify which CSA package performs better in enhancing resilience and reducing vulnerability. For this study, 278 farm households from 4 districts and 8 kebeles from the Central Rift Valley (CRV) of Ethiopia were randomly selected using a three‐stage proportional to size sampling procedure. Cross‐sectional data applying a structured and pretested survey questionnaire was collected for 2020/21 production season. Household resilience and vulnerability indices were estimated using resilience index and measurement analysis and indicators approaches, respectively. Multinomial endogenous switching regression was used to estimate the average treatment effects (ATEs) of the adoption of CSA practices on households’ resilience and vulnerability. The results show that livestock holding, land size, level of education, and state of food consumption are major explaining factors of resilience, whereas educational level of households, livestock holding, and access to credit are found to be major factors explaining vulnerability. The estimated ATEs indicate that households which adopted more diversified combinations of CSA packages were more resilient and less vulnerable than non‐adopter households. The impacts of soil fertility management and conservation agriculture practices have better performance in improving resilience, whereas conservation agriculture and small‐scale irrigation performed better in reducing the vulnerability of rural households in CRV. Boosting resilience and reducing vulnerability, hence, requires scaling up CSA among smallholder farmers by diversifying and raising farm households’ income, educational status, and livestock holding.
Authentication of fog‐assisted IoT networks using Advanced Encryption credibility approach with modified Diffie–Hellman encryption
Authors: Luqman Mohammad , Faridi Arman Rasool 
Published: May 2023

SummaryCloud storage in the network enables the users to access the data from anywhere irrespective of any devices, which prevents data loss and provides centralized management. The cloud server is a pooled, centrally located server resource that many users can access as needed. More efficient data storage and processing could be achieved through fog computing devices and, the fog node handles the task including the semantic transformation of the data before transmitting it to the back‐end cloud servers, managing the process of data from several edge devices simultaneously. The security of the cloud and fog nodes acts as a key component, and that must be ensured for effective computations. In this research, the security of the fog‐assisted Internet of Things (IoT) network is enhanced using the proposed advanced encryption credibility approach (Ad‐En credibility approach), which ensures the privacy and security of the networks by preventing malicious attempts of accessing the data. The proposed Ad‐En credibility approach is performed based on a modified Diffie‐Hellman algorithm that consists of different phases such as the setup phase, entry and identity phase, fog node entry validation phase, and authentication phase. These phases perform different functions and provide strong authentication mechanisms that secure the data with high confidentiality by detecting malicious attempts within a reduced time. The efficiency of the research is proved by measuring the computational time, memory usage, and detection rate. The proposed Ad‐En credibility approach consumed less time of 7 s and memory usage of 8.17 mb with a high detection rate of 85.34%.
Near‐IR Fluorescent Recognition of Arginine: High Chemoselectivity and Enantioselectivity Promoted by La3+
Authors: Guo Hongyu , Yang Jiaqiao , Zeng Jian , Yu Xiaoqi , Yu Shanshan , Pu Lin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe first near IR fluorescent probe for the chemoselective and enantioselective recognition of arginine in aqueous solution is reported in this work. This probe, made of a 1,1’‐binaphthyl‐based chiral aldehyde unit and a rhodamine‐based near IR chromophore, in combination with La3+ exhibits highly chemoselective as well as enantioselective fluorescent enhancement with arginine at λ=764 nm upon excitation at λ=690 nm. Little or no fluorescent response is observed toward the chirality miss‐matched arginine enantiomer or other common amino acids and their enantiomers. This probe also allows visual discrimination of the arginine enantiomers because of its fast and distinct color change upon interaction with the substrate.
Imaging Subcellular AMPK Activity Using an Excitation‐Ratiometric AMPK Activity Reporter
Authors: Schmitt Danielle L. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAdenosine monophosphate (AMP)‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a master regulator of cellular metabolism, phosphorylating a variety of downstream targets throughout the cell. Subcellular AMPK activity results in regulation of glycolysis, lipid and protein biosynthesis, mitochondrial function, and gene expression. But how AMPK senses and responds to stimuli in a compartment‐specific manner is not well understood, leaving an incomplete picture of compartmentalized AMPK activity. Key tools for studying subcellular AMPK activity are genetically encoded AMPK activity reporters (AMPKARs), which allow for the quantitative visualization of subcelluar AMPK activity. However, many AMPKARs suffer from poor dynamic range and sensitivity, limiting their application. I recently reported the development of a new excitation‐ratiometric (ExRai) AMPKAR, a single‐fluorophore AMPKAR with enhanced dynamic range for detection of subtle, subcellular AMPK activity. I used ExRai AMPKAR to study subcellular AMPK activity at several locations, including the lysosome and mitochondria, identifying new mechanisms for the regulation of AMPK activity. Here, I describe the use of ExRai AMPKAR to image subcellular AMPK activity in mouse embryonic fibroblasts using both widefield and confocal microscopy. I also describe the culture of mouse embryonic fibroblasts. Through the use of ExRai AMPKAR, subcellular AMPK activity can be illuminated to better understand how this central kinase regulates cellular metabolism. © 2023 The Author. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol: Imaging subcellular AMPK activity using ExRai AMPKARSupport Protocol 1: Culturing of mouse embryonic fibroblasts for live‐cell imagingSupport Protocol 2: Live‐cell imaging of ExRai AMPKAR using confocal microscopy
Step‐By‐Step Tips to Grow X‐Ray Quality Single Crystals of Metal Macrocyclic Complexes
Authors: Gupta Gajendra , Lee Chang Yeon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetal macrocyclic complexes, which are formed through a self‐assembly process due to the presence of several coordinating sites in the metal and ligand source, represent an interesting class of complexes due to their intriguing structures and functionalities. Although spectral characterization of metal macrocyclic complexes is reported, elucidation of their exact structure at the molecular level remains challenging. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SCXRD) is a non‐destructive analytical technique that can provide detailed information about the internal lattice of crystalline structure. However, it requires the growth of single crystals of suitable sizes and quality. This study provides an overview of methods that are most useful for developing single crystals of metal macrocyclic complexes, particularly when the macrocycle of interest is present in extremely low quantities (a few milligrams). The reproducibility of previous methods reporting the crystal growth of different metal macrocycles is also investigated. A review highlighting and summarizing the most common tips to grow single crystals for metal macrocyclic complexes can help in understanding and optimizing the growth of crystals suitable for SCXRD.
Corporate social responsibility and financial performance nexus: Empirical evidence from Ghana
Authors: Saeed Musah Mohammed , Mudliar Mahalakshmi , Kumari Manisha 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates the relationship between corporate social responsibility and the financial performance of Ghana's publicly listed financial institutions. Twelve listed financial institutions on the Ghana Stock Exchange (GSE) provided secondary data during a 10‐year period (2010–2019). The data were examined using descriptive statistics, correlation matrix, rotated factors, factor score efficiency, and regression results. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has a favourable effect on profitability and stock returns, according to the data. This demonstrate that while CSR enhances businesses' capacity for financial success, it should not be viewed as an optional activity but rather be included in long‐term business strategies. The study recommends management of financial institutions to ensure CSR activities are formally inbuilt into their policy statements and backed with an effective budget. The study further recommends more publicity be given to CSR programs undertaken by financial institutions to assist them get the needed potential benefits in enhancing their ROE and ROA. This study serves as a guide for policymakers and reference for future research on the effect of CSR on company performance in Sub‐Saharan Africa.
Cancer gene analysis of liquid‐based cytology specimens using next‐generation sequencing: A technical report of bimodal DNA‐ and RNA‐based panel application
Authors: Akahane Toshiaki , Isochi‐Yamaguchi Tomomi , Hashiba‐Ohnuki Natumi , Bandoh Nobuyuki , Aimono Eriko , Kato Yasutaka , Nishihara Hiroshi , Kamada Hajime , Tanimoto Akihide 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAs liquid‐based cytology (LBC) specimens harbor high‐quality DNA, genomic analysis using LBC specimens is beneficial for integrative diagnosis. This study aimed to clarify the feasibility of LBC specimens for a bimodal application of DNA‐ and RNA‐based next‐generation sequencing (NGS) panels.MethodsLBC specimens were prepared from cultured human cancer HEC59 cells using commercially available fixatives (Cellprep, CytoRich Red, and SurePath solutions), and were subjected to NGS for a feasibility study. Clinical LBC specimens of thyroid and salivary gland tumors were prepared using CytoRich Red solution. After DNA and RNA extraction, NGS analyses were performed in a single run using combined DNA‐ and RNA‐based custom‐made cancer panels for the detection of gene mutations and fusions.ResultsHigh‐quality DNA and RNA were obtained, and the expected gene mutations and fusions were detected in HEC59 cells using all types of LBC fixatives. Most available clinical cases (18 out of 20) exhibited pathogenic gene mutations (15 cases) and fusion genes (3 cases) using the bimodal DNA‐ and RNA‐based panels. Overall, 18 cases (90%) showed oncogenic mutations or fusion genes of diagnostic values.ConclusionSimultaneous application of bimodal DNA‐ and RNA‐based gene panels was useful in NGS analysis using residual LBC specimens for integrative diagnosis. Residual LBC specimens for genomic analysis, including fusion gene analysis, are particularly useful for obtaining genomic information before surgical resection.
Translational Bioethics and Health Privacy
Authors: Rothstein Mark A. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTTranslational bioethics expands the scope of research ethics to include multidisciplinary analyses of the societal implications of new translational science discoveries. Novel health privacy issues are raised by the collection, use, and disclosure of extensive and diverse big data for research on precision medicine. Similar privacy concerns surround the use of artificial intelligence to analyze vast troves of clinical records to improve patient outcomes. Embedding bioethics scholars with translational scientists can improve the technical analyses and timeliness of bioethical inquiries, but they complicate the task of producing independent and rigorous ethical assessments.