bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prediction of Avena sativa MicroRNAs and Their Impact on the Growth and Development
Authors: Ray Animesh , Nathani Neelam , Sophiarani Yengkhom , Devi N. Seema , Paul Prosenjit 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroduction: MicroRNAs play a crucial role in regulating the expression of protein-coding genes, impacting diverse biological processes. Computational techniques have enabled the identification and characterization of miRNAs with essential functions in development, metabolism, pathogen response, and apoptosis. Methods: To predict miRNAs and their target genes, TamiRPred, a versatile research tool, was utilized. The predicted miRNA sequences were compared to known monocot plant miRNAs using BLASTn to assess their conservation. Gene Ontology (GO) terms were assigned based on molecular functions, biological processes, and cellular components. Pathway analysis was conducted to explore the impact of predicted miRNAs on Avena sativa's growth and development. Results: Our study focused on identifying miRNAs inAvena sativaand their associated target genes. We discovered miRNAs that exist in both sense and antisense strands, leading us to adopt an efficient approach for miRNA identification. Phylogenetic analysis revealed evolutionary connections with cereals likeOryza sativa,Zea mays, andTriticum aestivum. Notably, we identified principal target genes, including Lrr14, wPR4g, and Pm3, which are associated with defense mechanisms. MiRNAs were also found to modulate the expression of disease resistance genes, such as chitinase and ND4L. Molecular function analysis highlighted the influence of miRNAs on growth and development processes, involving ATP binding, metal ion binding, and nutrition reservoir activity. Furthermore, our protein-protein interaction network analysis underscored the importance of specific target genes inAvena sativa. Conclusion: These findings provide valuable insights into the functional roles of predicted miRNAs in plant growth and development, offering a foundation for future research in this field.
Monolignol Potential and Insights into Direct Depolymerization of Fruit and Nutshell Remains for High Value Sustainable Aromatics
Authors: Leu Shao-Yuan , Khan Rabia Jalil , Guan Jianyu , Lau Chun Yin , Zhuang Huichuan , Rehman Shazia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The inedible parts of nuts and stone fruits are low-cost and lignin-rich feedstock for more sustainable production of aromatic chemicals in comparison with the agricultural and forestry residues. However, the depolymerization performances on those food-related biomass remains unclear, owing to the broad physicochemical variations from the edible parts of the fruits and plant species. In this study, the monomer production potentials of ten major fruit and nutshell biomass were investigated with comprehensive numerical information derived from instrumental analysis, such as plant cell wall chemical compositions, syringyl/guaiacyl (S/G) ratios, and contents of lignin substructure linkages (β-O-4, β-β, β-5). A standardized one-pot reductive catalytic fractionation (RCF) process was applied to benchmark the monomer yields, and the results were statistically analyzed using Mantel’s test and Pearson correlations. Among all the tested biomass, mango endocarp provided the highest monolignol yields of 37.1% per dry substrates, respectively. Positive S-lignin (70-84%) resulted in higher monomer yield mainly due to more cleavable β-O-4 linkages and less condensed C-C linkages. Strong positive relationships were identified between β-O-4 and S-lignin and between β-5 and G-lignin. The analytical, numerical, and experimental results of this study shed lights to process design of lignin-first biorefinery in food-processing industries and waste management works.
Prefrontal Cortex Astroglia Modulate Anhedonia-like Behavior
Authors: Codeluppi Sierra , Xu Mieyu , Bansal Yashika , Lepack Ashley , Duric Vanja , Chow Megan , Muir Jessie , Bagot Rosemary , Licznerski Pawel , Wilber Stacey , Sanacora Gerard , Sibille Etienne , Duman Ronald , Pittenger Christopher , Banasr Mounira 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Reductions of astroglia expressing glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are consistently found in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of patients with depression and in rodent chronic stress models. Here, we examine the consequences of PFC GFAP+ cell depletion and cell activity enhancement on depressive-like behaviors in rodents. Using viral expression of diphtheria toxin receptor in PFC GFAP+ cells, which allows experimental depletion of these cells following diphtheria toxin administration, we demonstrated that PFC GFAP+ cell depletion induced anhedonia-like behavior within 2 days and lasting up to 8 days, but no anxiety-like deficits. Conversely, activating PFC GFAP+ cell activity for 3 weeks using designer receptor exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) reversed chronic restraint stress-induced anhedonia-like deficits, but not anxiety-like deficits. Our results highlight a critical role of cortical astroglia in the development of anhedonia and further support the idea of targeting astroglia for the treatment of depression.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor from microglia regulates neuronal development in the medial prefrontal cortex and its associated social behavior
Authors: Makinodan Manabu , Komori Takashi , Okamura Kazuya , Ikehara Minobu , Yamamuro Kazuhiko , Endo Nozomi , Okumura Kazuki , Yamauchi Takahira , Ikawa Daisuke , Ouji-Sageshima Noriko , Toritsuka Michihiro , Takada Ryohei , Kayashima Yoshinori , Ishida Rio , Mori Yuki , Kamikawa Kohei , Noriyama Yuki , Nishi Yuki , Ito T , Saito Yasuhiko , Nishi Mayumi , Kishimoto Toshifumi , Tanaka Kenji , Hiroi Noboru 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Microglia and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) are essential for the neuroplasticity that characterizes critical developmental periods. The experience-dependent development of social behaviors—associated with the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)—has a critical period during the juvenile period in mice. However, whether microglia and BDNF affect social development remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the effects of microglia-derived BDNF on social behaviors and mPFC development. Mice that underwent social isolation during p21–p35 had increased Bdnf in the microglia accompanied by reduced adulthood sociability. Additionally, transgenic mice overexpressing microglia Bdnf—regulated using doxycycline at different time points—underwent behavioral, electrophysiological, and gene expression analyses. In these mice, long-term overexpression of microglia BDNF impaired sociability and excessive mPFC inhibitory neuronal circuit activity. However, administration of doxycycline to normalize BDNF from p21 normalized sociability and electrophysiological functions; this was not observed when BDNF was normalized from a later age (p45–p50). To evaluate the possible role of BDNF in human sociability, we analyzed the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and BDNF expression in human macrophages, a possible substitute for microglia. Results show that adverse childhood experiences positively correlated with BDNF expression in M2 but not M1 macrophages. Thus, microglia BDNF might regulate sociability and mPFC maturation in mice during the juvenile period. Furthermore, childhood experiences in humans may be related to BDNF secretion from macrophages.
Recent Tobacco Smoking, Restaurant and In-Car Secondhand Smoke Exposure are Associated with Depressive Symptom among Young Adults: A Population-based Cross-sectional Analysis
Authors: Mo Hongfei , Wang Changhong , Li Yan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Young people who have just reached adulthood are prone to adverse reactions during various social adaptations, which can lead to depression. Depressive symptom among young adults is a severe public health burden currently deteriorating in progress. Smoking behavior, exposure to secondhand smoke in household and in various indoor settings may significantly affect depressive symptoms in young adults.
Objective
The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether recent tobacco smoking, household secondhand smoke exposure and confined space secondhand smoke exposure are associated with depressive symptom in young adults after adjustments for each other.
Materials and Methods
We extracted data from NHANES 2013–2018, including demographic characteristics, depression level, physical activity, current health status, body measures, recent tobacco smoking, household secondhand smoke exposure and confined space secondhand smoke exposure. A total of 4129 young adults age 18–35 years (mean age 26.11 ± 5.39 years, 2021 males and 2108 females) were included. Depressive symptom was screened by PHQ-9. Recent tobacco smoking and household secondhand smoke exposure were assessed by whether participants had smoked tobacco in the last five days and whether the living with a smoker who smoked inside the house. Confined space secondhand smoke exposure was assessed using the Secondhand Smoke Exposure Questionnaire in this study. We performed binary logistic regression models to analyze the association of recent tobacco smoking, household secondhand smoke exposure, confined space secondhand smoke exposure and depressive symptom, respectively.
Results
Recent tobacco smoking were positively associated with depressive symptom (OR = 2.201, 95% CI: 1.735–2.353, P < 0.001), this association remained significant after adjusted for confounding variables (OR = 1.593, 95% CI: 1.318–1.926, P < 0.001). Household secondhand smoke exposure was significantly associated with depressive symptom before adjustment for confounding variables (OR = 1.715, 95% CI: 1.479–1.989, P = 0.001), and this association was not statistically significant after adjustments (OR = 1.132, 95% CI: 0.942–1.360, P = 0.108). Confined space secondhand smoke exposure was positively associated with depressive symptom (OR = 1.812, 95% CI: 1.565–2.097, P < 0.001), this association remained significant after adjusted for confounding variables (OR = 1.399, 95% CI: 1.185–1.651, P < 0.001). Among the different settings of confined space secondhand smoke exposure, restaurant exposure (OR = 1.732, 95% CI: 1.120–2.678, P = 0.013) and in-car exposure (OR = 1.350, 95% CI: 1.102–1.652, P = 0.004) were significantly associated with depressive symptom after adjusted for confounding variables.
Conclusions
Recent tobacco smoking, restaurant and in-car secondhand smoke exposure are associated with greater risk of depressive symptom among U.S. young adults.
Anti-Bacterial Activity of an Ancient Remedy against Dermatological Infections
Authors: Orfali Raha , Ghaffar Safina , Orfali Razan Saud , AlAjlan Latifa , Alsahli Roozan , Alaqeel Shaden , Ameen Fouad , Perveen Shagufta 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Skin and soft-tissue infections are among the most common infections and can develop severe local and systemic complications. Usually, dermatological infections develop quickly and can be life-threatening, diagnosis and treatment at their initial stages is essential. Bacterial species: Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli usually cause skin infections. Studies of plants and natural materials used in ancient medicine to treat infections may assist us in further antibiotic discoveries. In this study, we tested the bactericidal activity of a 1,000-year-old Arabic Al-Razi remedy against common skin infections with gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains. The mixture of all ingredients of this remedy (vinegar, Arabic gum, Boswellia, vitriol, aloe) has shown antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa and clinical strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, the presence of single ingredient in water has shown no activity against tested bacterial strains except vitriol. We found, every single ingredient when dissolved in vinegar has showed antibacterial activity which shows that vinegar is the powerful ingredient of Al-Razi remedy but the combination of all ingredients requires to achieve full activity. Our work highlighted the use of not only single agent but also combinations of natural products for treating skin infections.
A Solar-Powered Aquaponics with IoT-Based Monitoring and Data Gathering at the Technological University of the Philippines-Taguig
Authors: Garcia Celver , Tibo Hector 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The agriculture sector is one of the main driving forces of the economy, yet it is gravely affected by the growing number of industrializations and climate change, resulting in low productivity and food scarcity. This is why innovative farming methods are introduced to farmers to help them slowly adapt and mitigate these problems. Numerous studies regarding aquaponics have been conducted to enhance the quality of food production, but only some of them use renewable energy as source of electricity. This paper discusses how the system, powered by solar energy and has a monitoring website using the Internet of Things (IoT), can help in improving agricultural growth and food security, create entrepreneurial opportunities, and combat the effects of climate change. The growth of the lettuce from the system was compared to the existing aquaponics study from the De La Salle University (DLSU), which resulted in the researchers’ system being ahead by having a 60.89% growth rate in just a week of monitoring. The findings also indicate that insufficient light exposure may result in leggy lettuce and suggest that thorough monitoring of the pH level must be practiced since it plays a vital role in the growth of both lettuce and tilapia.
Joining of Polymer to Metal using Material Extrusion Additive Manufacturing
Authors: Alhmoudi Aisha , Sheikh-Ahmad Jamal , Almaskari Fahad , Bojanampati Shrinivas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the joining of metal to polymer by material extrusion additive manufacturing. Direct joining by layered extrusion was used to fabricate hybrid single lap joints of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and Aluminum alloy 5052. The influence of the printing speed, bed temperature and nozzle Z-offset on the lap shear strength was studied experimentally. The interface between the two materials was also observed under scanning electron microscope and the chemical state of the polymer after printing was analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The results revealed that elevated bed temperature and pressure application through lowering the Z-offset promoted better polymer filling of the metal surface structure and improved the joint strength by mechanical interlocking. Also, long exposure time to the heated build plate corresponding to low printing speeds lowered the mechanical performance of the polymer bulk due to thermal degradation. Mechanical interlocking was the main joining mechanism, but under high bed temperatures where the carbonyl group had formed due to degradation, a (C-O-Al) chemical bond was detected.
Deciphering the bioactive compounds for the expectorant effect of FF based on the gut and lung metabolomics
Authors: Dong Xianlong , Kong Zhe , Cao Linxu , Qin Xuemei , Li Zhenyu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Farfarae Flos (FF), derived from the flower buds of Tussilago farfarae L., is used as a traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of cough, bronchitis and asthmatic disorders. It also has been used as a dietary supplement and health tea in many countries. However, its expectorant mechanism is unknown yet. In this study, the expectorant mechanism of FF was investigated from the perspective of metabolomics. The results showed that the expectorant effect of FF was related with gut microbiota, as demonstrated by antibiotic treatment and fecal microbiota transplantation. Dihydrocaffeic acid (DCA) and quinic acid (QA), which were metabolized from caffeoylquinic acids (CQAs) by the gut microbiota, showed obvious expectorant effect and were proved as the key metabolites for the expectorant effect of FF. In addition, FF as well as DCA and QA could regulate arginine biosynthesis, which was confirmed by arginine supplementation experiment. Moreover, DCA and QA, as well as arginine could regulate the phospholipids in the lung tissue, which could be served as pulmonary surfactant. This study presented a novel approach for investigating the expectorant mechanism of FF from the perspective of gut and lung metabolomics.
Exploring aquaponics for youth employment: An experience from Ghana
Authors: Egyir Irene S. , Oku-Afari Kofi , BOAKYE ALFRED ASUMING 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Over the past few decades, scientists have discovered Aquaponics as an innovative method for growing food that may hold the key to efficiently and sustainably feeding the world's population and serving as a job avenue for young graduates. Although many studies have shown aquaponic food production to be technically feasible, there are relatively few studies in Ghana concerning its economic feasibility. A pilot experiment was implemented, and observations and surveys were carried out to obtain views from stakeholders from 2017–2023 in the University of Ghana. The aquaponic system was composed of a plastic pond (for growing tilapia/catfish species), connecting pipes, aerators, polytanks and soiless media for growing lettuce. We studied the financial impact of the nexus between tilapia and lettuce aquaponics, and the institutional support system. Aquaponics is profitable, the production rate can be high - three cycles a year for the tilapia, and harvesting lettuce every five weeks. Yet, the initial financial costs is high, the engineering experts to install the system to run efficiently and the extension officers to provide technical information consistently at the local level are lacking. The implications of the findings are that the interest of young people who are the target, may be lost; finding the investment capital to take advantage of an otherwise profitable venture should go hand-in-hand with available experts in installation and technical information provision. There are national level governmental and private institutions that are ready to support enterprises in aquaponics to work; they should be motivated to engage and provide the local support efficiently.
Microstructural Investigation of Tensile Fractography and Wear Properties of Scrap Aluminium Engine Head (SAEH) Reinforced with Fresh and Spent Catalysts from Petrochemical Industries using Stir Casting Method
Authors: Rajan Raj Thilak Krishnan , Boppana Satish Babu , S Ramesh , Krishnan Pradeep Kumar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study examines the microstructural properties, tensile fractography, and wear characteristics of scrap aluminum engine head (SAEH) composites reinforced with different types of alumina catalysts. Four composite variants were created using the stir casting method: SAEH + spent alumina catalysts (SAC), SAEH + fresh alumina catalysts (FAC), LM25 + SAC, and LM25 + FAC. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to analyze the microstructural features, while pin-on-disk wear testing was performed to assess wear properties. The results indicate that the SAEH + SAC composite demonstrates superior mechanical and wear properties compared to the other variants. The SAEH + FAC composite exhibits the second-best performance, followed by the LM25 + SAC and LM25 + FAC composites. SEM analysis confirms the presence of cohesive and uniform microstructures in composites containing SAC and FAC. These findings emphasize the potential of utilizing waste materials, specifically SAEH from automotive scrap yards matrices and SAC as reinforcement materials from petrochemical industries. This approach offers enhanced mechanical and wear properties, making it suitable for various applications.
Design and Synthesis of an Efficient Fluorescent Probe based on Oxacalix[4]arene for the Selective Detection of Trinitrophenol (TNP) Explosives in Aqueous System
Authors: Desai Vishv , Modi Krunal , Panjwani Falak , Seth Banabithi Koley , Vora Manoj , Parikh Jaymin , Jain Vinod Kumar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We present the synthesis of a new oxacalix[4]arene system, DMANSOC, wherein two 5-(dimethylamino)-1-naphthalene sulfonamide subunits are attached to the lower rims of the basic oxacalix[4]arene platform. Extensive spectrophotometric studies were conducted to investigate the selectivity and sensitivity of DMANSOC towards nitroaromatic explosives. Detailed analysis of spectrophotometric data, utilizing techniques such as Stern-Volmer, Benesi-Hildebrand, Job's plot, and interference study, unequivocally demonstrated the effectiveness of DMANSOC as a highly efficient fluorescent sensor for 2,4,6-trinitrophenol explosive (TNP) detection in an aqueous medium. The sensor exhibited a linear concentration range of 7.5 µM to 50 µM, with a low detection limit of 4.64 µM and a high binding affinity of 2.45 × 104 M towards TNP. Furthermore, the efficiency of the sensor in environmental samples contaminated with TNP was evaluated, yielding excellent recovery rates. Complementary DFT calculations and molecular dynamics simulations were performed to elucidate the mechanism behind the selective fluorescence quenching of DMANSOC in the presence of TNP.
Pericardial Effusions and Cardiac Tamponade in Hospitalized Systemic Sclerosis Patients: Analysis of the National Inpatient Sample
Authors: Basyal Bikash , Ullah Waqas , Derk Chris 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Clinically significant pericardial effusions and cardiac tamponade in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients is uncommon and the factors that contribute to progression of pericardial involvement in SSc patients have not been well established.
Methods: A review of the national inpatient sample database was performed looking SSc related hospitalizations between 2002-2019. Data was collected on patients with pericardial effusions and cardiac tamponade and analyzed to identify and describe patient characteristics and comorbidities.
Results: Out of a total of 523,410 SSc hospitalizations, with an overall inpatient mortality rate of 4.7% (24,764 patients), pericardial effusion was identified in 3.1% of all hospitalizations (16,141 patients) out of which 0.2% (838 patients) had a diagnosis of cardiac tamponade. Patients with pericardial effusion were significantly more likely to have pulmonary circulatory disease (p= <0.0001), congestive heart failure (p= <0.0001) end stage renal disease (p= <0.0001), diabetes (p= 0.015), and hypothyroidism (p= 0.025). Patients with cardiac tamponade were significantly more likely to have a history of coronary artery bypass graft surgery (p= 0.001), peripheral vascular disease (p= <0.0001) or atrial fibrillation (p= <0.0001). Hospitalized patients with cardiac tamponade had a significantly increased mortality rate of 17.7% compared to 8.8% in patients with pericardial effusions without a tamponade physiology, with an odds ratio of 2.3 (1.97-2.86), p= <0.0001.
Conclusion: Pericardial effusion and tamponade are associated with increased morbidity and mortality in SSc patients. Further studies are required to explore the role of patient comorbidities and characteristics in development into pericardial effusions or tamponade.