bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The influence of phytoestrogens on alleviating symptoms associated with menopause
Authors: Kotusiewicz Wiktoria , Siekierko Nikola , Żołnierek Maja , Lewandowski Mateusz , Gacoń Ewa , Zembala Julita , Zapała Brygida , Ząber Aldona , Kucharski Jakub , Świętochowski Jakub 
Published: June 2023

Introduction and purpose. Menopause causes complaints such as hot flashes, night sweats, sleep problems and vaginal dryness. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is an effective treatment option for women with moderate to severe symptoms. In women who are unable to undergo HRT, plant-based preparations containing phytoestrogens can be used as an alternative. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the effectiveness of phytoestrogen supplementation.
State of knowledge. Phytoestrogens are natural compounds structurally similar to estrogens, such as estradiol. They are divided into different classes, including isoflavones and lignans. Isoflavones, including genistein, found in soy products, cause a significant reduction in the severity of hot flashes, as well as improvements in vaginal dryness and sexual function. Lignans, found in flaxseed, sesame seeds and whole grains, have effects similar to endogenous estrogens, but studies to date have not shown significant efficacy of this group of substances in reducing menopausal symptoms. Resveratrol, a naturally occurring compound found in grapes and berries, has a weak estrogenic effect, whereby several clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of resveratrol supplementation in alleviating menopausal symptoms.
Conclusions. Phytoestrogens have been shown to alleviate some symptoms of menopause, such as hot flashes and night sweats, and may also have positive effects on bone density and cognitive abilities. Effects may vary depending on the source, dose and duration of treatment. There are also potential risks associated with their use, for which reason more research is needed to fully understand their effectiveness and safety.
Influence of social media on the fight against COVID-19 pandemic – literature review
Authors: Iberszer Konrad , Litwiniuk Maria , Zaniuk Marcin , Hurkała Kamil , Antonik Dominika , Denys Barbara , Góra Karolina , Zdziennicki Wojciech , Zimnicki Patryk , Lato Marta 
Published: June 2023

Introduction and purpose of the study: COVID-19 is a respiratory illness resulting from infection with the second coronavirus of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, SARS-CoV-2. Lack of knowledge about the virus and fear of infection made it challenging for the media to communicate clearly and effectively about health risks. The purpose of our work was to discuss and summarize reports on this topic available in the literature in such a way as to increase the chances of effective and safe use of media messages in future emergencies.
Current state of knowledge: During the pandemic, social networks were used to post information about potential health risks. Social media played a large role in the education process, both for schools and for volunteers or health care workers. However, it is important to keep in mind that the way information is spread on social media can be overwhelming for many health care workers. In addition, regular exposure to social media correlated with high odds of anxiety and depression. False reports about COVID - 19 vaccines undermined public confidence in vaccination especially during the period when the vaccines were introduced for distribution.
Summary: Social media was one of the main sources of information after the pandemic outbreak. Thanks to platforms such as Twitter, it was possible to find relevant information from reliable authors. However, the phenomenon of infodemia should not be underestimated. Disinformation and conspiracy theories can have a negative impact on mental health. It is therefore crucial to understand the mechanisms and improve the systems that manage the flow of information.
Mineralizing agents to manage early carious lesions. Part I: mode of action
Authors: Zhang Jing , Mylonas Petros , Banerjee Avijit 
Published: June 2023

Dental caries remains a major global health challenge affecting millions of people worldwide, with both major health and financial implications. The minimum intervention oral healthcare (MIOC) delivery framework aims to improve caries management through early diagnosis and the use of remineralization strategies in primary and secondary preventive approaches. The landmark discovery of fluoride in caries remineralization resulted in an increase in research on such non-operative approaches. With an improved understanding of the biochemistry of caries and the demineralization-remineralization balance within dental hard tissues, researchers and clinicians currently seek new therapies to improve the non-operative management of early carious lesions. New remineralization technologies have been introduced in recent years, with varying chemistries, modes of action and degrees of success. This article, the first of a two-part series, explores the chemistry and mode of action of currently available remineralization technologies, outlining their clinical effectiveness and use in dental caries management. CPD/Clinical Relevance: A scientific understanding of ever-evolving remineralization technologies is necessary for clinicians.
Estimating the cost of illness of acute Japanese encephalitis and sequelae care in Vietnam and Laos: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Nguyen An Le Thanh , Slavkovsky Rose , Phan Hai Thanh , Nguyen Huong Thi Thu , Vannachone Souphaphone , Le Dang Hai , Dubot-Pérès Audrey , Vongsouvath Manivanh , Dinh Son Thai , Marfin Anthony A. , Letson G. William , Vu Huong Minh , Tham Dung Chi , Mayxay Mayfong , Ashley Elizabeth A. , Pham Thai Quang , Pecenka Clint 
Published: June 2023

Background
Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a leading cause of acute encephalitis syndrome and resulting neurological disability in Asia and the Western Pacific. This study aims to estimate the cost of acute care, initial rehabilitation and sequelae care, in Vietnam and Laos.

Methodology
We conducted a cross-sectional retrospective study using a micro-costing approach from the health system and household perspectives. Out-of-pocket direct medical and non-medical costs, indirect costs, and family impact were reported by patients and/or caregivers. Hospitalization costs were extracted from hospital charts. Acute costs covered expenditures from pre-hospital to follow-up visits while sequelae care costs were estimated from expenditures in the last 90 days. All costs are in 2021 US dollars.

Principal findings
242 patients in two major sentinel sites in the North and South of Vietnam and 65 patients in a central hospital in Vientiane, Laos, with laboratory-confirmed JE were recruited regardless of age, sex, and ethnicity. In Vietnam, the mean total cost was $3,371 per acute JE episode (median $2,071, standard error [SE] $464) while annual costs were $404 for initial sequelae care (median $0, SE $220) and $320 for long-term sequelae care (median $0, SE $108). In Laos, the mean hospitalization costs in acute stage were $2,005 (median $1,698, SE $279) and the mean annual costs were $2,317 (median $0, SE $2,233) for initial sequelae care and $89 (median $0, SE $57) for long-term sequelae care. In both countries, most patients did not seek care for their sequelae. Families perceived extreme impact from JE and 20% to 30% of households still had sustained debts years after acute JE.

Conclusions
JE patients and families in Vietnam and Laos suffer extreme medical, economic, and social hardship. This has policy implications for improving JE prevention in these two JE-endemic countries.
Enhancing intestinal anastomotic healing using butyrate: Systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental animal studies
Authors: Wildeboer Aurelia C. L. , van Helsdingen Claire P. M. , Gallé Camille G. , de Vries Rob B. M. , Derikx Joep P. M. , Bouvy Nicole D. 
Published: June 2023

Background
Despite advancements in surgical technique and perioperative care, intestinal anastomoses still have a 10–15 per cent risk of leakage, which results in considerable morbidity and/or mortality. Recent animal studies have suggested that administration of butyrate to the anastomotic site results in enhanced anastomotic strength, which may prevent leakage. This systematic review and meta-analysis summarises current evidence concerning the effect of butyrate administration on anastomotic healing and will form a scientific basis for the development of new research into this subject.

Methods
Animal studies on the effect of butyrate-based interventions in models of intestinal anastomotic healing were systematically retrieved from online databases. Bibliographical data, study characteristics and outcome data were extracted, and internal validity of the studies was assessed. Outcomes studied through meta-analysis concerned: anastomotic strength, anastomotic leakage, collagen metabolism and general histologic parameters of wound healing.

Results
A comprehensive search and selection identified 19 relevant studies containing 41 individual comparisons. Design and conduct of most experiments were poorly reported resulting in an unclear risk of bias. Meta-analyses showed that butyrate administration significantly increases anastomotic strength (SMD 1.24, 0.88 to 1.61), collagen synthesis (SMD 1.44, 0.72 to 2.15) and collagen maturation, making anastomoses less prone to leakage in the early postoperative period (OR 0.37, 0.15 to 0.93).

Conclusion
This systematic review and meta-analysis shows that there is potential ground to investigate the use of butyrate in clinical trials to prevent anastomotic leakage in intestinal surgery. However, more research is necessary to define the best application form, dosage and administration route.
Leverage point themes within Dutch municipalities’ healthy weight approaches: A qualitative study from a systems perspective
Authors: Bogt Maud J. J. ter , Bevelander Kirsten E. , Tholen Lisa , Molleman Gerard R. M. , van den Muijsenbergh Maria , Fransen Gerdine A. J. 
Published: June 2023

Introduction
Despite all efforts of national and local approaches, obesity rates continue to rise worldwide. It is increasingly recognized that the complexity of obesity should be further addressed by incorporating a systems perspective when implementing approaches. Such an approach has four interconnected system levels: events, structures, goals, and beliefs, in which small changes (‘leverage points’) can lead to substantial changes in the functioning of the entire system. The current research examined the functioning of five Dutch municipalities’ healthy weight approaches (HWAs) and the leverage point themes that can be identified in their system.

Methods
Thirty-four semi-structured interviews were conducted with various stakeholders about the HWA, including policy advisors, care professionals, practice professionals, and citizens. An inductive thematic analysis was performed.

Results
Three main themes were identified: 1) HWA organization structure, 2) collaboration between professionals, and 3) citizen participation. Across all system levels, we identified leverage point themes. The upper-levels events and structures occurred the most and were explained by underlying goals and beliefs. Leverage point themes regarding “HWA organization structure” were municipal processes, such as perceived impact; diversity of themes, activities, and tasks; network; and communication strategies, such as messages about the HWA. Leverage point themes regarding “collaboration between professionals” were linking pins, indicating central players within the network; motivation and commitment including support base; and stimulating one another to work on the HWA by spurring other professionals into action. Lastly, leverage point themes under “citizen participation” included reaching the target group, e.g., look for entry points; and citizens’ motivation, including customization.

Discussion
This paper provides unique insights into HWAs’ leverage point themes that can lead to substantial changes in how the entire system functions and makes suggestions about underlying leverage points to help stakeholders improve their HWA. Future research could focus on studying leverage points within leverage point themes.
Multidimensional analysis of immune cells from COVID-19 patients identified cell subsets associated with the severity at hospital admission
Authors: Gil-Manso Sergio , Herrero-Quevedo Diego , Carbonell Diego , Martínez-Bonet Marta , Bernaldo-de-Quirós Esther , Kennedy-Batalla Rebeca , Gallego-Valle Jorge , López-Esteban Rocío , Blázquez-López Elena , Miguens-Blanco Iria , Correa-Rocha Rafael , Gomez-Verdejo Vanessa , Pion Marjorie 
Published: June 2023

Background
SARS-CoV-2 emerged as a new coronavirus causing COVID-19, and it has been responsible for more than 760 million cases and 6.8 million deaths worldwide until March 2023. Although infected individuals could be asymptomatic, other patients presented heterogeneity and a wide range of symptoms. Therefore, identifying those infected individuals and being able to classify them according to their expected severity could help target health efforts more effectively.

Methodology/Principal findings
Therefore, we wanted to develop a machine learning model to predict those who will develop severe disease at the moment of hospital admission. We recruited 75 individuals and analysed innate and adaptive immune system subsets by flow cytometry. Also, we collected clinical and biochemical information. The objective of the study was to leverage machine learning techniques to identify clinical features associated with disease severity progression. Additionally, the study sought to elucidate the specific cellular subsets involved in the disease following the onset of symptoms. Among the several machine learning models tested, we found that the Elastic Net model was the better to predict the severity score according to a modified WHO classification. This model was able to predict the severity score of 72 out of 75 individuals. Besides, all the machine learning models revealed that CD38+ Treg and CD16+ CD56neg HLA-DR+ NK cells were highly correlated with the severity.

Conclusions/Significance
The Elastic Net model could stratify the uninfected individuals and the COVID-19 patients from asymptomatic to severe COVID-19 patients. On the other hand, these cellular subsets presented here could help to understand better the induction and progression of the symptoms in COVID-19 individuals.
Force sensor reduced measurement error compared with verbal command during sit‐to‐stand assessment of cerebral autoregulation
Authors: Whitaker Alicen A. , Vidoni Eric D. , Montgomery Robert N. , Carter Kailee , Struckle Katelyn , Billinger Sandra A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCurrent methods estimate the time delay (TD) before the onset of dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA) from verbal command to stand. A force sensor used during a sit‐to‐stand dCA measure provides an objective moment an individual stands (arise‐and‐off, AO). We hypothesized that the detection of AO would improve the accuracy of TD compared with estimation. We measured middle cerebral artery blood velocity (MCAv) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) for 60 s sitting followed by 2‐min standing, three times separated by 20 min. TD was calculated as the time from: (1) verbal command and (2) AO, until an increase in cerebrovascular conductance index (CVCi = MCAv/MAP). Sixty‐five participants were enrolled: young adults (n = 25), older adults (n = 20), and individuals post‐stroke (n = 20). The TD calculated from AO ( = 2.98 ± 1.64 s) was shorter than TD estimated from verbal command ( = 3.35 ± 1.72 s, η2 = 0.49, p < 0.001), improving measurement error by ~17%. TD measurement error was not related to age or stroke. Therefore, the force sensor provided an objective method to improve the calculation of TD compared with current methods. Our data support using a force sensor during sit‐to‐stand dCA measures in adults across the lifespan and post‐stroke.
Wenn es kritisch wird
Authors: Pieper Carina , Vogel Martin , Nielsen Celia , Arkenberg Julia 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungAktuelle Diskussionen um zeitgemäße Formen der Büroarbeit und der Organisation von Arbeit insgesamt fokussieren einerseits den vermehrten Einsatz digitaler Kommunikationstechnik, andererseits geht es um den Abbau formaler Hierarchien und den Ausbau selbstorganisierter Teams. Dass auch diese mediatisiert arbeitenden Teams Führung brauchen, steht dabei außer Frage. Dieser Umstand aber stellt die herkömmliche, vor allem an formalen, hierarchischen Positionen orientierte Führungsforschung vor eine Schwierigkeit: Wie lässt sich Führung noch beobachten, wenn unklar bleibt, von wem sie ausgeht? Der Artikel schlägt eine Alternative vor, die Führung als sozialen Prozess beschreibt. Denn es ist bemerkenswert, dass in den einschlägigen Publikationen zu Führung unklar bleibt, wie sich Führung eigentlich ereignet. Die Studie liefert hierfür erste Hinweise, indem sie beobachtet, inwiefern Führung in virtuellen Teambesprechungen erforderlich wird. Dazu wird ein sequenzielles Führungsverständnis zugrunde gelegt und erstmals empirisch untersucht, das Führung als „situativ erfolgreiche Einflussnahme in kritischen Momenten“ definiert. Das Ergebnis ist eine erste Typisierung solcher kritischen Momente, welche zukünftiger Forschung als Grundlage dienen kann.
Home sweet home? Arbeits(t)raum Homeoffice
Authors: Lübcke Stefanie , Ohlbrecht Heike 
Published: June 2023

Zusammenfassung
Spätestens seit Beginn der COVID-19-Pandemie wurde öffentlich vielfach diskutiert, welche Auswirkungen die Arbeit im Homeoffice auf die Beschäftigten hat und ob die Zunahme des mobilen Arbeitens neue Chancen für die Geschlechtergerechtigkeit birgt. An diesen Diskurs knüpft die Untersuchung an und widmet sich der Frage, wie das Homeoffice von den Beschäftigten erlebt wird. Auf der Grundlage der Auswertung von 28 qualitativen Interviews mit der Grounded Theory werden die Chancen und Risiken des Homeoffice betrachtet. Die zentralen Ergebnisse der Untersuchung sind, dass dieselben Elemente des Homeoffice sowohl als Belastung als auch als Entlastung wahrgenommen werden, dass das Erleben des Homeoffice von arbeitsbezogenen und von personenbezogenen Bedingungen beeinflusst wird und dass sich die Geschlechterungleichheit in traditionellen Paarbeziehungen mit Kind im Homeoffice verstärken kann.
A case study examining the Turkish language skills of bilingual children according to adverse teaching conditions
Authors: Sönmez Hülya 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In the research, the effect of adverse teaching conditions on the Turkish listening comprehension, speaking, written expression, and reading comprehension skills of bilingual students was investigated. In the study, some indicators of the basic language skills of bilingual children were examined according to the multi-grade classroom and COVID-19 factors. The universe of the study is bilingual children studying in multi-grade classrooms of primary education in Muş province. The population is made up of sixty-nine third and fourth-year students from four different primary schools. Three questions were analyzed: (1) What is the level of students’ listening comprehension, speaking, written expression, and reading comprehension skills? (2) How is the effect of independent variables (gender, age of acquisition of Turkish, school level, parents’ education, and school) on students’ language skills? (3) How is the relationship between students’ listening comprehension, speaking, written expression, and reading comprehension skills? The study adopted a multiple-case study design. The data were collected using two rubrics and two achievement tests. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multiple group comparisons, nonparametric tests, and correlation. The results revealed findings regarding participants’ listening comprehension, speaking, written expression, and reading comprehension skills. It was observed that the independent variables did not significantly affect the language skills of the participants. According to the findings, students’ language indicators of written expression are weak and relatively inadequate. Alike students’ language indicators of reading comprehension are partially inadequate. On the other hand, the indicators in speaking and listening comprehension skills were observed to be good but partially insufficient. The results show that the performance of bilingual students in multi-grade classrooms on Turkish language indicators observed during the COVID-19 outbreak is not at an adequate level completely.
Development of an H
∞ controller for a microgrid using LabVIEW
Authors: Yadav Neeta , Sunil Arunima , Subudhi Bidyadhar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This paper focuses on designing a simple yet efficient H
∞ controller for regulating the voltage/frequency, output current, and active/reactive power-sharing in a microgrid (MG). The purpose of designing the robust H
∞ controller is to regulate the frequency and voltage in face of the uncertainties in the microgrid and load variation. The studied DC MG test bed includes an SMPS (switching-mode power supply) and DC-DC converter, necessary sensor and data acquisition systems. The proposed control scheme is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink and is then verified in real-time using LabVIEW. The control scheme is developed in the LabVIEW software’s block diagram panel of the virtual instrumentation interface. From both simulation and LabVIEW implementation, load sharing among the DGs, and voltage and frequency regulation at the nominal values are achieved by employing the proposed H
∞ controller. The robustness of the proposed controller is evaluated by comparing it with a robust observer-based controller (Zarei A, Mousavi Y, Mosalanezhad R, Atazadegan MH. Robust voltage control in inverter-interfaced microgrids under plug-and-play functionalities. IEEE Syst J 2020;14:2813–24) under balanced, unbalanced, and non-linear loads. The comparison results envisage that the proposed controller provides improved voltage/frequency regulation and power-sharing during disturbances including the addition of non-linear load to the MG system.
Stereocomplex formation of a poly(D-lactide)/poly(L-lactide) blend on a technical scale
Authors: Marx Boris , Bostan Lars , Herrmann Axel S. , Schmidt Ella M. , Murshed M. Mangir 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Poly(D-lactide) (PDLA) and poly(L-lactide) (PLLA), both available on the market, are blended on a technical scale. Using a special process control, the two materials are blended in a twin-screw extruder at a mass throughput rate of 2 kg/h, resulting in a stereocomplex Poly(-lactide) (PLA) blend. Thermal analysis indicates only one melting point at 235 °C. Both the Raman spectra and X-ray powder diffraction patterns show characteristic features for the stereocomplex PLA. With the available amount of this blend PLA fibers with technical strengths can be developed by melt spinning. As such, the application of the biopolymer PLA can be expanded, leading to substitute the conventional plastics for conserving both the resources and the environment.