bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Les religieux en force en Israël
Authors: Dieckhoff Alain 
Published: August 2023

La représentation parlementaire des religieux est en plein essor en Israël. Cette subculture religieuse se répartit en trois courants : le sionisme religieux, l’ultraorthodoxie ashkénaze et le traditionalisme sépharade. Quels effets cette vitalité de la subculture religieuse a-t-elle sur la démocratie israélienne ?
Une approche multirisque aide-t-elle à comprendre les réseaux urbains ? Réflexions sur des dynamiques enchevêtrées à partir de deux agglomérations françaises et une métropole turque
Authors: Rey-Thibault Cassandre , Gourain Youenn , November Valérie 
Published: August 2023

La pandémie mondiale de la Covid-19 a agi comme un puissant démonstrateur du rôle central des réseaux dans les catastrophes, à la fois comme vecteurs de diffusion de la crise, et comme supports de mesures de prévention. Cet article propose une réflexion qui articule réseaux urbains et approche combinée des risques (que l’on peut synthétiser par approches multirisques). Il vise en particulier à examiner les interrelations entre dynamiques de risques et dynamiques de réseaux urbains, en s’appuyant sur trois systèmes urbains, dans lesquels émergent des pratiques et des questionnements multirisques : les agglomérations françaises de Nantes et du Havre, et la métropole d’Istanbul, en Turquie. L’analyse exploratoire fait ressortir trois résultats : premièrement que les épisodes de crise peuvent constituer des moments privilégiés pour faire apparaître les dimensions multirisques des réseaux. L’enjeu pour les acteurs est alors de les inscrire dans un cadre opérationnel et sur le long terme. Deuxièmement, la perspective multirisque donne à voir de nouveaux réseaux d’acteurs insoupçonnés. Troisièmement, la multi-scalarité des réseaux à l’échelle locale est susceptible de créer des liens opérationnels entre risque et crise, entre prévention des risques et gestion de crise globalement. Nous concluons ainsi que le croisement des dynamiques des réseaux à celles des risques fait apparaître l’existence de risques « enchevêtrés », qui méritent d’être approfondis.
Inondations et ville à San Jose (Costa Rica) : la crise comme moteur des réseaux techniques et politiques
Authors: Guevara Viquez Sofia 
Published: August 2023

L’article propose d’analyser la relation entre crise, réseau urbain et community organizing à l’ère de l’anthropocène à partir de l’étude des inondations urbaines à San José, capitale du Costa Rica. Fondé sur une enquête qualitative, il montre d’une part que le réseau d’assainissement de la capitale costaricienne s’est constitué au cours du XX e siècle, par crises successives, transformant des cours d’eau en collecteurs d’eaux pluviales et d’eaux usées. La crise constitue un moteur de développement du réseau d’assainissement, qui atteint ses limites au tournant du XXI e siècle. Dans le même temps, l’aire métropolitaine s’est significativement étendue et les possibilités d’interventions matérielles pour fluidifier le système semblent limitées. Les nouvelles crises deviennent moteur d’une appropriation socio-politique de l’infrastructure, par le déploiement d’un réseau d’alerte riverain sur la plateforme Whatsapp à l’échelle d’un segment du système, la rivière Ocloro. Ces pratiques de résilience consistent non pas en des interventions matérielles, mais en une appropriation politique par les habitants impactés par les épisodes d’inondations, qui introduisent des nouvelles façons de discuter des modes de gestion de l’infrastructure, de leur renouvellement dans un contexte urbain en tension.
Conséquences de la crue extrême du 2 octobre 2020 dans la vallée de la Roya (Alpes Maritimes) sur les réseaux de transport et de communication : leçons pour la reconstruction
Authors: Fouache Eric , Marchiel Adrien , Rabaute Alain , Desruelles Stéphane , Gorini Christian , Bianchi Nicoletta , Kerverdo Raphaël , Lafuerza Sara 
Published: August 2023

Le 2 octobre 2020, le passage de la tempête « Alex » a favorisé le déclenchement de précipitations « méditerranéennes » exceptionnellement intenses dans les vallées côtières des Alpes-Maritimes, notamment celle de la Roya. Ces pluies ont provoqué de nombreux processus hydro-géomorphologiques dévastateurs, crues glissements de terrain et éboulements principalement. Les destructions, qui ont frappé des infrastructures modernes et anciennes, ont été considérables, avec des conséquences sociales et économiques dramatiques. La majorité des ponts ont été détruits entre Tende et Breil-sur-Roya, ainsi que de grandes sections de routes et de voies ferrées. Les réseaux électriques, d’alimentation en eau et de fibre optique ont aussi été interrompus. L’isolement des villages a duré plusieurs mois et la reconstruction n’est pas achevée au 12 décembre 2022. À l’initiative d’enseignants-chercheurs de Sorbonne Université, un groupe de recherche, intitulé « Story : Risques et sociétés dans le bassin de la Roya : analyse pluridisciplinaire et multi-temporelle, des versants à la mer », s’est constitué, avec pour objectif d’associer des spécialistes des géosciences et de sciences humaines en vue (i) d’analyser la catastrophe d’octobre 2020, (ii) de restituer l’histoire des risques, de leur gestion et de leur perception et (iii) d’élaborer, avec les acteurs locaux, des recommandations pour la reconstruction de leur territoire, avec l’objectif de réduire les impacts des futurs événements extrêmes. Cet article présente les résultats préliminaires issus d’observations de terrain et d’analyses de données collectées. Le caractère exceptionnel de la crue est confirmé par la destruction d’une quantité inédite de ponts par une crue dans la vallée. Un facteur aggravant a été la construction au XXe siècle des routes en remblai dans le lit du fleuve. La voie ferrée a été plus affectée par les éboulements et les glissements de terrain induits par l’épisode hydro-climatique. La cartographie des secteurs détruits nous conduit à faire des recommandations, parfois en contradiction avec les directives retenues par les services de l’aménagement dans leur reconstruction très rapide des infrastructures. Nous discutons enfin les difficultés à concilier les perceptions des différents acteurs, le nécessaire temps de la recherche pas toujours facile à articuler avec l’urgence de la reconstruction et la nécessité vitale de désenclaver des secteurs qui sinon risquent d’être définitivement abandonnés par les populations.
En route avec l’IA ! Incidence de l’IA et de l’informatique ubiquitaire dans l’établissement de la mobilité quotidienne : le cas des applications GPS
Authors: Sajous Patricia 
Published: August 2023

L’IA (intelligence artificielle) colonise de plus en plus de secteurs du quotidien. Comment prendre cela en compte dans les recherches en sciences humaines portant sur la mobilité quotidienne ? Cet article est l’occasion de s’interroger sur les cadres théorique et méthodologique à mettre en place. Nous développons la notion de « corps augmenté » et considérons les objets techniques permettant l’augmentation comme des « non humains actants » (Callon, 2006). Nous débutons par une définition, précisons les modalités d’analyse de l’augmentation du corps en matière de mobilité quotidienne et mettons en perspective l’ancienneté de cette recherche. Le cadre théorique posé, nous nous penchons sur le cadre méthodologique permettant de cerner les ressorts de l’augmentation. Nous nous intéresserons alors aux applications GPS ( Global Positioning System ) intégrant l’IA, consultables sur smartphone. Objet d’un nombre croissant de téléchargements, nous montrons par une enquête exploratoire sur quatre applications, en France, comment l’IA fait évoluer la donne. Nous revenons dans la discussion sur le cadre réflexif mis en place et sur les tendances identifiées dans les résultats.
Effect of Shields in Radiation Dose and Secondary Biological Risk of Gonads in Lumbosacral Digital and Computerized Radiography
Authors: Taheri Hamed , Tavakoli Mohammad Bagher , Mostafavi Nayyer , Ashar Mojgan Esna , Mozafari Safura , Taheri Hossein 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of shields in imposed radiation dose to gonads in anterior-posterior (AP) and lateral views of lumbosacral radiography using digital radiography (DR) and computerized radiography (CR) methods.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty patients who were suspected to AP and lateral view of lumbosacral radiography were included in this study. The patients were exposed with and without shields which have 0.25 mm thickness. This study also compared the imposed dose to gonads for one and two plates of shields with none shields situation. Measurement of the radiation dose was performed using thermo luminescence dosimeters on the surface of the gonads. Furthermore, the absolute and excess relative risk (ERR) of biological abnormalities was estimated in the above-mentioned method using the BEIR VII model.

Results:
The mean dose of the DR method (10.14 ± 0.27) for the AP view was significantly lower than CR (32.43 ± 0.17) with and without shields. In addition, the imposed dose to gonads in the lateral view of DR (6.41 ± 0.47) was lower compared to CR (9.38 ± 0.14). Furthermore, the mean imposed dose to gonads for one and two pate shields of DR was lower than CR. Moreover, the excess relative risk to gonads in the AP for DR was lower compared to CR in all mentioned situations.

Conclusion:
Lumbosacral radiography is suggested to be performed by DR systems, due to the lower imposed dose and ERR to the gonads. Moreover, using shields may lead to decrease of scatter rays and also ERR of the gonads.
Evaluation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Findings following posterior Sagital Ano-Recto Plasty (PSARP) in Severe Incontinent Children with High Imperforate Anus (IA)
Authors: Ziyaee Bijan , Nazem Masoud , Riahinezhad Maryam , Hosseinpour Mehrdad 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The aim of this study was to evaluate pelvic
MRI
accuracy for measurement of anatomical land marks in severe fecal incontinent (FI) children with high imperforate anus (IA).

Materials and Methods:
A total of 80 children (40 cases and 40 controls) aged more than 4 years with severe FI were assessed. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed by a radiologist with the same device. For pelvic anatomical land marks measurement, we measured the ano-rectal angel and hiatal/pc ratio.

Results:
The mean of ano-rectal angel was 118.67 ± 25.2 mm in cases and 132.07 ± 13.8 mm in control group (P = .004). H/PCR was 0.63 ± 0.05 in cases and 0.62 ± 0.45 in controls (P = NS). There was no significant correlation between [INSIDE:1] (r = 0.25, P = 0.36) or ano-rectal angle measurement (r = 0.16, P = 0.05) and FI score in patients with severe FI.

Conclusions:
Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging could be accurately used is measuring the ano-rectal angle is high IA children with severe FI which leads to selected patients who may have benefits of reoperation.
Diffusion-Weighted MRI Monitoring of Embolic Brain Stroke for COVID-19 Patients
Authors: Taheri Hamed , Moghareabed Reza , Farghadani Maryam , Lafz Sheyda , Taheri Hossein 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic around the world has some adverse effects on the human body, and there is limited data about the impacts of this pandemic disease on embolic brain stroke.

Materials and Methods:
Fifty-two COVID-19 patients with embolic brain stroke were included in this study. The COVID-19 patients were diagnosed according to their clinical findings. The patients underwent diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of different points of their brain were calculated using MRIcro software.

Results:
The embolic strokes were mostly diagnosed in the medial temporal lobe for both COVID-19 and others. In addition, a combination of COVID-19 with other inflammations and infections was not diagnosed in the studied patients. The mean ADC values of the central region were significantly lower than other regions of the brain stroke for the COVID-19 and other patients. Moreover, the maximum and minimum ADC values of the central region for COVID-19 and other patients were significantly different compared to the other regions. Whereas, the mean and minimum ADC values of the brain's normal regions were not significantly different in the edge regions for both groups, while in the COVID-19 and other patients the maximum ADC value of the edge regions was considerably lower compared to the normal regions.

Conclusion:
The embolic stroke of COVID-19 patients is likely to occur in the medial temporal lobe of the brain. Moreover, the ADC and relative ADC (rADC) values of embolic brain stroke in COVID-19 patients are not significantly different compared to others.
The Comparison Between 3.5- and 4.5-mm T-plates for Management of the Patients with Schatzker Type II Tibial Plateau Fractures that Referred to our Emergency Department: A Clinical Trial
Authors: Parhamfar Mohammad , Mohammadsharifi Ghasem , Taravati Amirmohammad , Hatami Saeed , Sadeghian Amirhossein , Khashei Mostafa , Najafi Mohammad M. , Chaleshtori Ali Sherafati 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Tibial plateau fractures have become more frequent in recent years. The most prevalent Schatzker classification is type II, which is a lateral tibial plateau fracture with depression. Our null hypothesis was that the 3.5 T-plate and the 4.5 T-plate have no difference in the management of patients with Schatzker type II tibial plateau fractures.

Materials and Methods:
The current study is a clinical trial that was conducted on patients with tibial plateau fractures. The Knee Society Score (KSS) was this study's main outcome. Tourniquet time (TT) and patient quality of life using the 36-item Short Form Survey Instrument (SF-36) were secondary goals of the outcomes measurement study. VAS measured pain. Among 176 patients, 89 and 87 of cases underwent surgical treatment with 3.5-mm (group A) and 4.5-mm (group B) T-plate, respectively. The data were entered into SPSS software (version 25, IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY) and analyzed.

Results:
In our study, we evaluated 176 patients with a mean age of 34.8 ± 15.2 years. Functional and clinical KSS scores were similar between the two groups throughout follow-up (P > 0.05). Regarding the other variables of VAS, TT, SF-36 physical function, and SF-36 mental health, no significant difference was observed between the two groups, and the two groups had similar averages in terms of these indicators (P > 0.05).

Conclusion:
According to the results, both plates had the appropriate functional outcomes in patients with split depression tibial plateau fracture.
Using Anthropometric and Demographic Factors to Predict Small Bowel Length to Prevent Malnutrition in Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Sayadishahraki Masoud , Mahmoudieh Mohsen , Keleidari Behrooz , Melali Hamid , Heidary Mahmood , Hosseini Sayed Mohsen , Qane Mohamad Davud 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Small bowel length measurements and estimation have high clinical importance, especially in bariatric surgeries to prevent postoperation malnutrition. This study aimed to investigate the possible correlation between demographic and anthropometric factors with small bowel length.

Materials and Methods:
This cross-sectional study was performed on 150 patients that were candidates of abdominal surgeries. Anthropometric factors including age, gender, weight, height, body mass index, right wrist and waist circumstance, length of the right hand 2nd and 4th fingers and 2nd to 4th finger ratio, and length of the right hemithorax were obtained. Whole length of the small bowel was measured during surgery from the ligament of Treitz to the ileocecal junction between the mesenteric and antimesenteric border of the intestine.

Results:
The mean small bowel length was 5.45 ± 1.62 meters and significantly lower in women compared to men (P = 0.003) and had a significant direct relationship with height (r = 0.3, P < 0.001), an inverse relationship to 2nd to 4th finger ratio (= −0.34, P < 0.001). There were the same correlations between small intestine length with height and the 2nd to 4th finger ratio in open surgeries (P < 0.05). There was a correlation between age (r = 0.33, P = 0.032), weight (r= −0.60, P, 0.001), waist circumstance (r = −0.43, P = 0.004), and length of the right hemithorax (r = −0.47, P = 0.001).

Conclusions:
Using demographic and anthropometric factors, we could predict the small bowel length. These results could be further used in bariatric surgeries to avoid possible malnutrition.
A Homoeopathic Journey of Epidemic/ Pandemic Diseases from Hahnemannian Epoch to COVID-19
Authors: Manjula Haleholi 
Published: August 2023

As evidenced in Hahnemann's writings, Epidemic diseases were successfully managed by homoeopathic system of medicine. In the footnote 17 of aphorism 33, Organon of medicine, where in Hahnemann explained the prevention of scarlet fever using Belladonna. Thereafter, many homoeopaths successfully managed several epidemics, at different points of time and at different parts of the globe. Even though Hippocrates used the notional axiom, Genius Epidemicus, Hahnemann utilized it successfully for the management of epidemics. In this review, all the available homoeopathic literature was searched to find out the historical evidence of the homoeopathic medicines which were successfully utilized during epidemics and pandemics. Presently, the entire world is facing novel COVID-19, as a pandemic disease since its emergence from Wuhan in late 2019. The conventional systems of medicines across the world have been trying to control the pandemic, but none have succeeded. Vaccinations are introduced for prevention of COVID-19, only on Emergency Usage Approvals, as the real data about their efficacy and the collateral damage induced by them, is yet to be studied.
However, globally many homoeopaths have reported to have managed COVID-19 disease with different homoeopathic medicines. There have been different approaches towards the prevention, management and treatment of this pandemic, which have been subject of intense scrutiny and discussion, all over. The present review is aimed not only to bring forward the success stories of homoeopathy during the past epidemics, but also about homoeopathy being utilized for prevention, as well as treatment in the current pandemic.
Rationale for the treatment of unilateral cleft lip – GC4 protocol
Authors: Mehra Anhad , Sarma Hiteswar 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
The aim of this study is to retrospectively analyze the surgical outcomes of 200 patients who were treated for unilateral cleft lip (UCL) over a period of 4 months in our cleft care center.

Materials and Methods:
This is a retrospective audit of all the patients who had undergone UCL repair from January to April 2019. The patients were stratified based on the cleft severity. Fisher technique was employed for the correction of incomplete cleft lip while modified Mohler technique was the choice of repair for complete cleft lip. Clinical records including each patient's preoperative and postoperative photographs were taken into consideration.

Results:
Of the 200 patients who had undergone lip repair, 56% were male and 44% were female. The average age of the patients treated was 10.5 months. Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Scar Assessment Scale were used to evaluate the scar, taking into account pigmentation, vascularity, acceptability, parent comfort, and contour. The results ranged from “excellent” and “good” in the case of incomplete cleft lip repair to “good” and “acceptable” in the case of complete cleft lip repair. Postoperative follow-up revealed that 5 of them had complications related to dehiscence and bleeding.

Conclusion:
Fisher's method in patients with unilateral incomplete cleft lip proved the effectiveness in improving the esthetic results with good symmetry while the Mohler modification of Millard technique helped achieve optimal lip length with acceptable esthetics.
Characterization of Mexican pediatric nostril sill
Authors: Davila-Diaz Rodrigo , De-Luna-Gallardo Daniel , Castillo-Torres Tatiana Izchel , Arguelles-Lopez Patricia Elizabeth , Morales-Orozco Christian 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
The nostril sill is defined as the “facial subunit composed of fibro-adipose soft tissue whose topographic delimitation is given by four anatomical limits: the medial crura of the columella on its medial limit, the nasal wing on its lateral limit, the nasal vestibule in its upper limit, and the upper lip on the lower limit.” It represents an essential element in the appearance, balance, and function of the nose. The study and classification of the nostril sill in the healthy Mexican pediatric population are the necessary tools for facial reconstruction since it is generally affected in patients with cleft lip and palate and craniofacial malformations.

Objective:
The objective of the study is to describe the nostril sill in the Mexican pediatric population using standardized photographs taken in frontal and basal projections and classifying according to Oh et
al. and to study if there is a significant relationship between nostril sill with age and gender.

Materials and Methods:
An observational cross-sectional study was carried out in a sample size of 83 healthy children aged between 3 and 12 years, simple randomly chosen. The classification was performed with facial photographs in frontal and basal projections. The data analysis was performed with descriptive statistics, kappa concordance coefficient was used between observers, and bivariate analysis was used to evaluate the association of the nostril sill classification with age and gender.

Results:
Of the 83 volunteers, 51.8% (n = 43) were female and 48.2% (n = 40) male, with a mean age of 7.38 years. The 74.6% (n = 62) were classified as a nostril sill Type I, 14.4% (n = 12) as Type III, and 10.8% (n = 9) as Type II, with a Cohen's kappa coefficient between observers of 0.92 (almost perfect agreement). In the bivariate analysis with Chi-square test, no statistically significant association was found between age (P = 0.420) and sex (P = 0.524).

Conclusion:
The nostril sill of the nostril represents a fundamental nasal subunit that every reconstructive surgeon must recognize and locate. It is crucial to describe and classify the nostril sill according to ethnic and racial characteristics, in the Mexican pediatric population, the most frequent corresponds to Type I, followed by Type III and finally the least frequent Type II, and that gender and age are not associated with a specific type.
Peri-implant Tissue Score as Criteria to Assess the Success of Osseointegrated Dental Implants: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Chopra Tanya , Garg Sakshi , Singh Preetinder , Bala Deepak , Zahoor Mehak , Kour Sukhmeet 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Peri-implant tissue score (PITS) has been used to assess and measure the success of osseointegrated endosseous dental implants by studying the peri-implant morphology in previously placed dental implants.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 300 patients who got implants placed previously were evaluated for bone levels, inflammatory status, recession, mucosa, and the patient profile in the time period of <1.5 years, 1.5–3 years, 3–4.5 years, and 4.5–6 years using a graduated periodontal plastic probe.

Results:
The results were statistically nonsignificant as the parameters did not differ significantly among different year groups.

Conclusion:
PITS is established as a noninvasive chairside diagnostic tool for clinicians to evaluate the overall implant health and the need for any intervention for the health of implant, but it does not prove to be that efficacious in the frame of time gap of implant placement.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE TO INTERDISCIPLINARY DENTISTRY
PITS has been recently established as a chairside diagnostic tool for assessing peri-implant health status and its further evaluation for efficacy will help clinicians with easy diagnosis for ailing, failing, or failed implants.