bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Failure characteristics of reinforced concrete circular slabs subsequently subjected to fire exposure and static load: An experimental study
Authors: Arano Barenys Assis , Colombo Matteo , Martinelli Paolo , Øverli Jan Arve , Hendriks Max A. N. , Kanstad Terje , di Prisco Marco 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis study investigated the effect of fire on the ultimate load‐bearing capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) slabs. The structural response of RC circular specimens subjected to static load conditions after exposure to a hydrocarbon fire on one side of the specimen was examined. Two fire exposure times were considered (60 and 120 min) in addition to reference non‐exposed specimens. The static response was evaluated in the damaged specimens in residual conditions after natural cooling from the elevated temperatures. The temperature distribution across the thickness of the slabs and their load–displacement response was measured. The decrease in the stiffness of the slabs due to the thermal exposure was studied by means of direct ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) measurements made before and after the fire tests. The decrease in global stiffness was partially accounted for by UPV measurements. The experimental results showed two peaks in the load‐deflection response of the slabs. The first peak was related to an arching mechanism introduced by the specific set‐up used. The second peak, corresponding to the ultimate load, occurred due to tensile membrane action at large deflections. While the former was strongly affected by the fire exposure, with the load being halved after the 120‐min exposure, the latter was not greatly affected by either the presence of fire or the exposure time. Simplified mechanical models were used to explain the behavior of the RC slabs during the tests.
A new intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT)‐based fluorescent probe for selective visualization of cyanide ion
Authors: Bai Cuibing , Zhang Jie , Ma Wen , Yao Junxiong , Meng Qian , Xia Zhenni , Chen Dashuo , He Shuping , Zhang Lin , Qu Changqing , Qiao Rui , Yang Zhen , Huang Wei 
Published: December 2022

AbstractFluorescent probes for detection of CN− still have many limitations, such as small Stokes shift, irreversible, and background interference, which hamper their applications for on‐site detection and bioimaging of CN−. In this work, we design a new CN−‐activatable fluorescent probe (named AHMM) containing an ESIPT (excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer) and hydrogen bond features, which show a large Stokes shift (225 nm) and molecular structural reversible detection. The probe AHMM exhibits an excellent selectivity for CN− without any interference from other anions in aqueous DMSO system. Furthermore, the mechanism of the interaction of AHMM with CN− is concluded by various experiments. The limit of detection of AHMM for CN− is calculated as low as 4.47 × 10−8 M, lower than the concentration of CN− deemed acceptable by WHO (World Health Organization). AHMM can recognize CN− in tap water quantitatively and on‐site by a smartphone APP. Moreover, food samples such as almond and cassava including CN− are visualized by fluorescence imaging. In addition, the probe shows practical applications of CN− imaging in cells and mice. This concept can be applied for designing multifunctional fluorescent probes with ESIPT and reversible characteristics for detection of CN−.
Software Model Checking: 20 Years and Beyond
Authors: Beyer Dirk , Podelski Andreas 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe give an overview of the development of software model checking, a general approach to algorithmic program verification that integrates static analysis, model checking, and deduction. We start with a look backwards and briefly cover some of the important steps in the past decades. The general approach has become a research topic on its own, with a wide range of tools that are based on the approach. Therefore, we discuss the maturity of the research area of software model checking in terms of looking at competitions, at citations, and most importantly, at the tools that were build in this area: we count 76 verification systems for software written in C or Java. We conclude that software model checking has quickly grown to a significant field of research with a high impact on current research directions and tools in software verification.
An Assessment of the Serum Activity of ADH and ALDH in Patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis
Authors: Wolszczak-Biedrzycka Blanka , Bieńkowska Anna , Zasimowicz Elżbieta , Biedrzycki Grzegorz , Dorf Justyna , Jelski Wojciech 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPrimary biliary cholangitis (PBC; previously known as primary biliary cirrhosis) is a chronic inflammation-induced cholestatic process in the liver. Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs) are observed in around 90% of patients, which suggests that PBC is an autoimmune disease. Alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), ADH isoenzymes and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) are localized in the liver, and they are useful markers of liver dysfunction. In this study, the activity of total ADH, ADH isoenzymes and ALDH was evaluated in the blood serum of patients with PBC. The experimental group comprised 50 PBC patients, both male and female, aged 28–67. The control group consisted of 50 healthy subjects, both male and female, aged 25–65. The serum activity of class I ADH, class II ADH and ALDH was measured by spectrofluorophotometry, whereas total ADH and class III ADH activity was determined by photometry methods. The activity of class I ADH and total ADH was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (p < 0.001). An increase in class I ADH and total ADH activity indicates that the isoenzyme class I ADH is released by compromised liver cells and can be useful diagnostic markers of PBC.
Canonical Quantization of the Electromagnetic Field in Arbitrary $$\xi $$-Gauge
Authors: Falceto Fernando 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWe carry out the canonical quantization of the electromagnetic field in arbitrary $$\xi $$
ξ
-gauge and compute its propagator. In this way we fill a gap in the literature and clarify some existing confusion about Feynman $$\textrm{i}\epsilon $$

i
ϵ

prescription for the propagator of the electromagnetic field. We also discuss the BRST quantization and investigate the apparent singularities present in the theory when the gauge parameter $$\xi $$
ξ
takes the value −1. We find that this is a mere artifact due to the choice of basic modes and show that in the appropriate basis the commutation relations and the BRST transformation are, in fact, independent of the gauge parameter. The latter only appears as the coefficient of a BRST exact term in the Hamiltonian, which constitutes an extremely simple proof of the independence of any physical process on the gauge parameter $$\xi $$
ξ
.
Imaging urolithiasis: complications and interventions in children
Authors: Woźniak Magdalena Maria , Mitek-Palusińska Joanna 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Urolithiasis affects people in all age groups, but over the last decades there has been an increasing incidence in children. Typical symptoms include abdominal or flank pain with haematuria; in acute cases dysuria, fever or vomiting also occur. Ultrasound is considered the modality of choice in paediatric urolithiasis because it can be used to identify most clinically relevant stones. Complementary imaging modalities such as conventional radiographs or non-contrast computed tomography should be limited to specific clinical situations. Management of kidney stones includes dietary, pharmacological and urological interventions, depending on stone size, location or type, and the child’s condition. With a very high incidence of underlying metabolic abnormalities and significant recurrence rates in paediatric urolithiasis, thorough metabolic evaluation and follow-up examination studies are of utmost importance.
Molecular response patterns in relapsed/refractory AML patients treated with selinexor and chemotherapy
Authors: Klement Piroska , Fiedler Walter , Gabdoulline Razif , Dallmann Louisa-Kristin , Wienecke Clara Philine , Schiller Johannes , Kandziora Christian , Teich Katrin , Heida Bennett , Büttner Konstantin , Brandes Maximilian , Funke Carolin , Wichmann Martin , Othman Basem , Chromik Joerg , Amberg Stefanie , Kebenko Maxim , Schlipfenbacher Vera , Wilke Anne Christine , Modemann Franziska , Janning Melanie , Serve Hubert , Bokemeyer Carsten , Theile Susann , Deppermann Ute , Kranich Anne L. , Ganser Arnold , Thol Felicitas , Heuser Michael 
Published: December 2022

AbstractRelapse in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is common and is associated with a dismal prognosis. Treatment options are limited and the understanding of molecular response patterns is still challenging. We analyzed the clonal response patterns of 15 patients with relapsed/refractory AML treated with selinexor in a phase II trial (SAIL). DNA was analyzed at three time points and showed a decline of mutated alleles in FLT3, SF3B1, and TP53 under SAIL treatment. Overall survival (OS) was similar between patients with declining versus persisting clones. We show an interesting long-term course of a patient who relapsed after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (alloHCT) with SF3B1- and SRSF2-mutated AML and received selinexor as maintenance treatment for 4 years. Measurable residual disease (MRD) remained detectable for 2 weeks after donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) in this patient and then remained negative under selinexor maintenance treatment. Selinexor was tolerated well and was stopped after 4 years of SAIL treatment. We present an exploratory study and identify subclonal patterns of patients treated with selinexor.
Deep learning assisted contrast-enhanced CT–based diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis of oral cancer: a retrospective study of 1466 cases
Authors: Xu Xiaoshuai , Xi Linlin , Wei Lili , Wu Luping , Xu Yuming , Liu Bailve , Li Bo , Liu Ke , Hou Gaigai , Lin Hao , Shao Zhe , Su Kehua , Shang Zhengjun 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Objectives
Lymph node (LN) metastasis is a common cause of recurrence in oral cancer; however, the accuracy of distinguishing positive and negative LNs is not ideal. Here, we aimed to develop a deep learning model that can identify, locate, and distinguish LNs in contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) images with a higher accuracy.

Methods
The preoperative CECT images and corresponding postoperative pathological diagnoses of 1466 patients with oral cancer from our hospital were retrospectively collected. In stage I, full-layer images (five common anatomical structures) were labeled; in stage II, negative and positive LNs were separately labeled. The stage I model was innovatively employed for stage II training to improve accuracy with the idea of transfer learning (TL). The Mask R-CNN instance segmentation framework was selected for model construction and training. The accuracy of the model was compared with that of human observers.

Results
A total of 5412 images and 5601 images were labeled in stage I and II, respectively. The stage I model achieved an excellent segmentation effect in the test set (AP50-0.7249). The positive LN accuracy of the stage II TL model was similar to that of the radiologist and much higher than that of the surgeons and students (0.7042 vs. 0.7647 (p = 0.243), 0.4216 (p < 0.001), and 0.3629 (p < 0.001)). The clinical accuracy of the model was highest (0.8509 vs. 0.8000, 0.5500, 0.4500, and 0.6658 of the Radiology Department).

Conclusions
The model was constructed using a deep neural network and had high accuracy in LN localization and metastasis discrimination, which could contribute to accurate diagnosis and customized treatment planning.

Key Points
• Lymph node metastasis is not well recognized with modern medical imaging tools.
• Transfer learning can improve the accuracy of deep learning model prediction.
• Deep learning can aid the accurate identification of lymph node metastasis.
Comparison of PD-L1 expression in squamous cell cancer of unknown primary and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Schmidl Benedikt , Voßenkämper Kim-Aylin , Stark Leonhard , Boxberg Melanie , Stögbauer Fabian , Feigl Katharina , Winter Christof , Pickhard Anja , Wollenberg Barbara , Wirth Markus 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The tumorigenesis of squamous cell cancer of unknown primary (SCCUP) in the head and neck area has not been decoded so far, while poor survival rates and limited therapeutic options pose a serious challenge. The aim of this project was to investigate immunological characteristics of SCCUPs and compare them to oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC).

Methods
PD-L1 expression (TC) was examined by immunohistochemistry in 50 lymph node metastases of SCCUP and 47 primaries of OPSCC. CD3 + and CD8 + lymphocytic infiltration was measured in 5 high power fields. Expression of p16 and HPV ISH were assessed.

Results
SCCUP demonstrated a significantly higher expression of PD-L1 than OPSCC. In p16-negative SCCUPs PD-L1 proved to be an independent prognostic factor to prioritize high-risk patients.

Conclusions
Immunologic differences between SCCUP and OPSCC were detected. A higher PD-L1 expression in SCCUP could potentially facilitate further evaluation of checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
Clinical characteristics of patients with epiretinal membrane-Foveoschisis
Authors: Hetzel Annegret , Neubauer Jonas , Gelisken Faik 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical and morphological characteristics of epiretinal membrane (ERM)-Foveoschisis.

Methods
Medical charts of 2088 patients diagnosed with idiopathic ERM were screened and eyes with ERM-Foveoschisis were included. All eyes underwent a complete ophthalmological examination including spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). OCT features and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were analysed. ERM-Foveoschisis was defined as open, closed, elevated or flat based on the OCT features. Ellipsoidal zone (EZ) abnormality, intraretinal cystoid spaces, central foveal thickness (CFT), posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and lens status were assessed.

Results
One hundred-sixty-six patients (175 eyes) (72% female, mean age 70.46 years) were included. Incidence of ERM-Foveoschisis was 6.7%. Open type was seen in 86.8% and had a significantly better mean BCVA than closed type (p = 0.01). No statistically significant difference of mean BCVA was noted between the elevated and flat types. Mean BCVA was significantly lower in eyes with EZ abnormality (p = 0.03) and eyes with intraretinal cystoid spaces (p = 0.02). Patients with ‘closed’ ERM-Foveoschisis showed a significant higher median CFT than ‘open’ ERM-Foveoschisis (respectively, 364 µm and 176 µm, p < 0.001). A total of 81.9% eyes had PVD.

Conclusion
We differentiated four morphological types of ERM-Foveoschisis based on the OCT examination. Closed ERM-Foveoschisis presented with a higher CFT and lower BCVA than the open type. ERM-Foveoschisis with cystoid intraretinal spaces presented with a lower BCVA. The impact of the morphological types of the ERM-Foveoschisis on the clinical course and for therapy decision requires further long-term studies.
CACYBP knockdown inhibits progression of prostate cancer via p53
Authors: Li Qiang , Liu Zhili , Ma Luping , Yin Weiqi , Zhang Kan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of genitourinary system in men. CACYCLIN binding protein (CACYBP) is involved in the progression of a variety of cancers. The aim of this study was to explore the expression and functional role of CACYBP in PC.

Methods
The expression of CACYBP in PC was evaluated by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and qRT-PCR. Subsequently, we established lentivirus-mediated CACYBP knockdown in PC cell lines. The biological roles of CACYBP on proliferation, apoptosis, cycle distribution, migration and tumor formation of PC were investigated by Celigo cell counting assay, flow cytometry, transwell assay, wound-healing assay and mice xenograft models, respectively.

Results
CACYBP was highly expressed in PC and was positively correlated with the pathological grade of PC patients. Knockdown of CACYBP inhibited proliferation, enhanced apoptosis, arrested cell cycle in G2 and suppressed migration of PC cell lines in vitro. In addition, CACYBP knockdown weakened the tumor growth of PC in vivo. Moreover, addition of p53 inhibitor could effectively alleviate the inhibitory effect of CACYBP knockdown on cell activity.

Conclusion
This study revealed that knockdown of CACYBP inhibited the proliferation, migration and tumorigenicity of PC, which may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of PC.
DOAC in the treatment of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism: a retrospective cohort study beyond the guidelines
Authors: Cominacini Mattia , Suardi Silvia , Ferrari Giulia , Ciresa Roberto , Tosi Federica , De Marchi Sergio , Valenti Maria Teresa , Dalle Carbonare Luca 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
The emerging use of direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) in the management of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (CAT) is significantly improving therapeutic adherence and quality of life. Despite this, many conditions can restrict the therapeutic index of these drugs. For all these reasons the latest guidelines recommend the use of heparins in the treatment of CAT as the preferred treatment in some clinical settings.

Objectives
We evaluated the efficacy and the safety of DOAC, in terms of recurrent venous thromboembolism (VTE) and major bleeding (MB), as a composite primary outcome. Mortality and clinically relevant non-major bleeding (CRNMB) were evaluated as secondary outcomes.

Methods
We performed a retrospective study on 209 patients to compare the effects of DOAC versus heparins for the treatment of CAT. 127 patients with a high bleeding risk neoplasia were enrolled.

Results
A primary-outcome event occurred in 11.3% of patients treated with heparins and in 10.5% treated with DOAC (Relative Risk 0.92; 95% CI 0.42–2.01, p = 0.84). Recurrent VTE occurred in 6.1% in the heparins group and in 8.4% in the DOAC group (RR 1.37; 95% CI 0.51–3.64, p = 0.52). MB occurred in 5.2% in the heparins group and in 2.1% in the DOAC group (RR 0.40; 95% CI 0.08–1.93, p = 0.25).

Conclusions
DOAC seem to be as effective and safe as heparins in the treatment of CAT. Most bleeding events occurred in patients with high-risk bleeding neoplasms regardless of the type of anticoagulant. Considering the characteristics and satisfaction of patients using DOAC in this setting, this approach should be considered as a first choice.
Quantification of physical and chemical paleoweathering at the microscale: a new concept
Authors: Liang Fei , Hinderer Matthias , Hornung Jens 
Published: December 2022

AbstractWeathering is a basic geological process that refers to the breaking down or dissolving of rocks and minerals on the surface of the earth. However, weathering characteristics may vary among different lithologies even under similar conditions. To evaluate and quantitatively compare the physical and chemical index of alteration among different types of rock, new concepts of paleo-weathering such as the absolute weathering degree and the relative weathering degree are proposed for microscale studies. For the quantification of physical weathering, the index of physical weathering (IPW) is introduced. The index is defined as the ratio between the area of the fractures formed during different weathering stages and the total area of the thin section under the polarizing microscope and it is corrected by the corresponding rock strength. To quantitatively compare the chemical weathering intensity among different types of rock and minerals, the following two new concepts are introduced: total weathering mass (TWM) and chemical weathering ability (CWA). While the TWM is an integral function of weathering rate and weathering time for minerals, the CWA is the sum of the TWM of each mineral in rock within a certain time period. As a case study, this concept is applied to the weathered crystalline basement below the post-Variscan nonconformity in southwestern Germany. The petrography and geochemistry of three drillings penetrating the nonconformity were investigated by polarizing microscopy, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The investigations illustrate how to better extract quantitative information for both, physical and chemical weathering.
Repositioning synthetic glucocorticoids in psychiatric disease associated with neural autoantibodies: a narrative review
Authors: Hansen Niels , Neyazi Alexandra , Lüdecke Daniel , Hasan Alkomiet , Wiltfang Jens , Malchow Berend ,   the CAP (Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis in Psychiatry) Consortium
Published: December 2022

AbstractSynthetic glucocorticoids (sGCs) are a well-investigated and standard drug therapy for disorders associated with CNS inflammation. Less is known about treating psychiatric disorders associated with neural autoantibodies. Our aim is to elucidate the repositioning of sGCs in psychiatric diseases that co-exist with neural autoantibodies. We used PubMed to identify articles for this narrative review. To our knowledge, no randomized, placebo-controlled trials have yet been conducted on applying sGC to treat neural autoantibody-associated psychiatric disorders. We describe initial results of cohort studies and single cases or case series often associated with autoantibodies against membrane-surface antigens demonstrating a largely beneficial response to sGCs either as monotherapy or polytherapy together with other immunosuppressive agents. However, sGCs may be less efficient in patients with psychiatric diseases associated with autoantibodies directed against intracellular antigens. These results reveal potential benefits of the novel usage of sGCs for the indication of neural autoantibody-associated psychiatric disease. Further large-scale randomized, placebo-controlled trials are needed to discover whether sGCs are safe, well tolerated, and beneficial in subgroups of neural autoantibody-associated psychiatric diseases.