bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Long-term exposure to air pollution and cognitive function in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: McLachlan Jack , Cox Simon R. , Pearce Jamie , Valdés Hernández Maria del C. 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundNow more than ever before, air pollution and cognitive decline are global concerns. Credible links are now emerging between exposure to specific pollutants and cognitive decline. However, the role of specific pollutants on different cognitive domains in adults are inconclusive as the pathways to cognitive decline remain poorly understood.ObjectiveTo systematically review and meta-analyse the evidence for the association between long-term air pollution exposure and cognitive function in adults.Data sourcesWeb of Science, PubMed, Embase searched up to February 2021 with no language restrictions. Individual studies were identified from similar review articles.Eligibility criteriaStudies investigating the long-term (&gt;3 years) associations between airborne pollutants and cognitive function in older adults (&gt;50 years old).ResultsFrom 1996 records, 26 satisfied the inclusion criteria. The total sample size included over 2.4 million (53.8% female) subjects with ages ranging from 45 to 100 years (estimated mean age 70 years). Only 18/26 publications included both male and female subjects. Pollutants reported included particulate matter ≤2.5 µm (PM2.5); particulate matter ≤10 µm (PM10); nitrogen dioxide (NO2); nitrogen oxide species (NOx) and ozone (O3). Papers showed great variance in their study characteristics, air pollution modelling methodology and assessment of cognitive domain. Long-term exposure to increased levels of PM2.5 and NO2 were most strongly associated with increased risk of dementia. Decline in cognitive function, executive function, memory and language were most strongly associated with greater exposure to PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 to varying degrees.ConclusionAn increasing number of studies are supporting the hypothesis that greater exposure to air pollutants is associated with decline in cognitive functions.
The relationship between blood lipid and risk of psoriasis: univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization analysis
Authors: Zhang Zeng-Yun-Ou , Jian Zhong-Yu , Tang Yin , Li Wei 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease. Dyslipidemia may be a risk factor of psoriasis. But the causal relationship between psoriasis and blood lipid still remains uncertain.MethodsThe two data of blood lipid were obtained from UK Biobank (UKBB) and Global Lipid Genetics Consortium Results (GLGC). The primary and secondary database were from large publicly available genome-wide association study (GWAS) with more than 400,000 and 170,000 subjects of European ancestry, respectively. The psoriasis from Finnish biobanks of FinnGen research project for psoriasis, consisting of 6,995 cases and 299,128 controls. The single-variable Mendelian randomization (SVMR) and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) were used to assess the total and direct effects of blood lipid on psoriasis risk.ResultsSVMR estimates in primary data of blood lipid showed low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (odds ratio (OR): 1.11, 95%, confidence interval (CI): 0.99−1.25, p = 0.082 in stage 1; OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.05−1.26, p = 0.002 in stage 2; OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.04−1.26, p = 0.006 in stage 3) and triglycerides (TG) (OR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.10−1.35, p = 1.17E-04 in stage 1; OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.06−1.24, p = 0.001 in stage 2; OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 1.05−1.24, p = 0.002 in stage 3) had a highly robust causal relationship on the risk of psoriasis. However, there were no robust causal associations between HDL-C and psoriasis. The SVMR results in secondary data of blood lipid were consistent with the primary data. Reverse MR analysis showed a causal association between psoriasis and LDL-C (beta: -0.009, 95% CI: -0.016− -0.002, p = 0.009) and HDL-C (beta: -0.011, 95% CI: -0.021− -0.002, p = 0.016). The reverse causation analyses results between psoriasis and TG did not reach significance. In MVMR of primary data of blood lipid, the LDL-C (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 0.99–1.25, p = 0.396 in stage 1; OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01–1.14, p = 0.017 in stage 2; OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02–1.15, p = 0.012 in stage 3) and TG (OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 1.01–1.22, p = 0.036 in stage 1; OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.03–1.15, p = 0.002 in stage 2; OR: 1.07, 95% CI: 1.01–1.13 p = 0.015 in stage 3) positively correlated with psoriasis, and there had no correlation between HDL-C and psoriasis. The results of the secondary analysis were consistent with the results of primary analysis.ConclusionsMendelian randomization (MR) findings provide genetic evidence for causal link between psoriasis and blood lipid. It may be meaningful to monitor and control blood lipid level for a management of psoriasis patients in clinic.
Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus vaccination strategies among men who have sex with men in China: a modeling study
Authors: Li Yuwei , Lin Yi-Fan , Wu Xinsheng , Zhou Xinyi , Tian Tian , Guo Zhihui , Fu Leiwen , Yang Luoyao , Lu Zhen , Fan Song , Lu Yong , Ke Wujian , Zou Huachun 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThe health and economic benefits of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination targeted at men who have sex with men (MSM) in developing settings have been rarely assessed. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of different HPV vaccination strategies among MSM in China.MethodsA Markov model was developed to simulate HPV transmission dynamics among a total of 30.73 million MSM in China. The corresponding natural history included 6 states: susceptible, infected with low-risk subtypes, high-risk subtypes, anogenital warts and anal cancer, and deaths from anal cancer. MSM were divided into three age groups with cut-off points of 27 and 45 years. Alternative vaccination strategies were built by allocating bivalent, quadrivalent, nine-valent, or no vaccine to each of the groups. We generated the prevented infections and deaths by vaccination compared with baseline (no vaccination) and calculated incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) to determine the optimal strategy.ResultsThe model showed that in 10 years, at baseline, the existing cases of anogenital warts would reach 5,464,225 (IQR, 4,685,708-6,174,175); that of anal cancer would reach 1,922.95 (1,716.56-2,119.93), resulting in 940.55 (732.27-1,141.87) deaths. Under 50% vaccination coverage among one age group, the prevented cases of anogenital warts were maximized with quadrivalent vaccines allocated to MSM aged 27-45 years; that of anal cancer were maximized when offering nine-valent vaccines to the same group. Under 50% vaccination coverage among all groups, the lowest ICER (34,098.09 USD/QALY, 31,146.54-37,062.88) was reached when only quadrivalent vaccines were provided. Based on this strategy, when the annual vaccination rate increased by 30%, the ICER (33,521.75 USD/QALY, 31,040.73-36,013.92) would fall below three times China’s per capita GDP. When the vaccine price decreased by 60%, the ICER was reduced to 7,344.44 USD/QALY (4,392.89-10,309.23), indicating good cost-effectiveness taking China’s per capita GDP as a threshold.ConclusionsHPV vaccination can effectively reduce the prevalence and mortality of related diseases among MSM in China, especially quadrivalent vaccines for anogenital warts and nine-valent vaccines for anal cancer. MSM aged 27-45 years were the optimal group for vaccination. Annual vaccination and appropriate adjustment of vaccine price are necessary to further improve the cost-effectiveness.
Torque teno virus viremia and QuantiFERON®-CMV assay in prediction of cytomegalovirus reactivation in R+ kidney transplant recipients
Authors: Mafi Sarah , Essig Marie , Rerolle Jean-Philippe , Lagathu Gisèle , Crochette Romain , Brodard Véronique , Schvartz Betoul , Gouarin Stephanie , Bouvier Nicolas , Engelmann Ilka , Garstka Antoine , Bressollette-Bodin Céline , Cantarovitch Diego , Germi Raphaële , Janbon Benedicte , Archimbaut Christine , Heng Anne-Elizabeth , Garnier Françoise , Gomes-Mayeras Melissa , Labrunie Anaïs , Hantz Sébastien , Alain Sophie 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionCytomegalovirus (CMV) is the most frequent infectious complication following solid organ transplantation. Torque teno viruses (TTV) viremia has been proposed as a biomarker of functional immunity in the management of kidney transplant recipients (KTR). The QuantiFERON®-CMV (QF-CMV) is a commercially available assay that allows the assessment of CD8+ T-cell responses in routine diagnostic laboratories.MethodsIn a prospective national multicenter cohort of 64 CMV-seropositive (R+) KTR, we analyzed the value of TTV load and the two markers of the QF-CMV assay [QF-Ag (CMV-specific T-cell responses) and QF-Mg (overall T-cell responses)], alone and in combination, in prediction of CMV reactivation (≥3 log10 IU/ ml) in the first post-transplant year. We compared previously published cut-offs and specific cut-offs optimized from ROC curves for our population.ResultsUsing the conventional cut-off (3.45 log10 copies/ml), TTV load at D0 [inclusion visit on the day of transplantation before induction (D0)], or at M1 (1-month post-transplant visit) perform better in predicting CMV viremia control than CMV reactivation. Survival analyses suggest a better performance of our optimized TTV cut-offs (3.78 log10 copies/ml at D0 and 4.23 log10 copies/ml at M1) for risk stratification of CMV reactivation in our R+ KTR cohort. The QF-CMV (QF-Ag = 0.2 IU/ml, and QF-Mg = 0.5 IU/ml) also appears to better predict CMV viremia control than CMV reactivation. Moreover, survival analyses suggest that the QF-Mg would perform better than the QF-Ag in stratifying the risk of CMV reactivation. The use of our optimized QF-Mg cut-off (1.27 IU/ml) at M1 further improved risk stratification of CMV reactivation. Using conventional cut-offs, the combination of TTV load and QF-Ag or TTV load and QF-Mg did not improve prediction of CMV viremia control compared to separate analysis of each marker but resulted in an increase of positive predictive values. The use of our cut-offs slightly improved risk prediction of CMV reactivation.ConclusionThe combination of TTV load and QF-Ag or TTV load and QF-Mg could be useful in stratifying the risk of CMV reactivation in R+ KTR during the first post-transplant year and thereby have an impact on the duration of prophylaxis in these patients.Clinical trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov registry, identifier NCT02064699.
Quantitative analysis of serum cell-free DNA as a predictive and prognostic marker in breast cancer patients
Authors: Sultana Gazi Nurun Nahar , Akter Ferdowsi , Israfil S. M. Hasan , Ray Utpal Chandra , Jahan Rumana Akther , Ali Mohammad Shawkat , Din Salim Al , Rahman Shafiqur , Halim Rezaul , Alam Mohammad Sahajadul 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionAccording to the GLOBOCAN (Global Cancer Observatory) 2020 report, 13,028 new cases of breast cancer (19%) were diagnosed in the United States, and 6,783 of them succumbed to the disease, making it the most common cancer among women. The clinical stage at the time of diagnosis is one of the most significant survival predictors in breast cancer. With delayed illness detection comes a lower survival rate. The prognosis of breast cancer may be predicted using circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA), a non-invasive diagnosis technique.ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the most sensitive and effective method for detecting changes in cfDNA levels and for using cfDNA as a diagnostic and prognostic marker of breast cancer.MethodsThe potential function of serum cfDNA levels as a marker for early breast cancer diagnosis was investigated using UV spectrophotometric, fluorometric, and real-time qPCR assays.ResultsThis research suggests that the most successful way to measure the amount of cfDNA described decades ago could be used as a "liquid biopsy" to track cancer in real time. The RT-qPCR (ALU115) method produced the most statistically significant results (p=0.000). At the threshold concentration of 395.65 ng/ml of cfDNA, the ROC curve reflects the maximum AUC= 0.7607, with a sensitivity of 0.65 and specificity of 0.80.ConclusionFor a preliminary assessment of total circulating cfDNA, a combination of all of the above techniques will be most efficacious. Based on our results, we conclude that the RT-qPCR technique combined with fluorometric measurement can identify a statistically significant difference in cfDNA levels between cohorts of breast cancer patients and healthy controls.
Intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted MRI for predicting the efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation for uterine fibroids
Authors: Jiang Yu , Qin Shize , Wang Yanlin , Liu Yang , Liu Nian , Tang Lingling , Fang Jie , Jia Qing , Huang Xiaohua 
Published: June 2023

PurposeTo evaluate the significance of magnetic resonance (MR) intravoxel incoherent motion diffusion-weighted imaging (IVIM-DWI) quantitative parameters in predicting early efficacy of high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation of uterine fibroids before treatment.Method64 patients with 89 uterine fibroids undergoing HIFU ablation (51 sufficient ablations and 38 insufficient ablations) were enrolled in the study and completed MR imaging and IVIM-DWI before treatment. The IVIM-DWI parameters, including D (diffusion coefficient), D* (pseudo-diffusion coefficient), f (perfusion fraction) and relative blood flow (rBF) were calculated. The logistic regression (LR) model was constructed to analyze the predictors of efficacy. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was drawn to assess the model’s performance. A nomograph was constructed to visualize the model.ResultsThe D value of the sufficient ablation group (931.0(851.5-987.4) × 10−6 mm2/s) was significantly lower than that of the insufficient ablation group (1052.7(1019.6-1158.7) × 10−6 mm2/s) (p&lt;0.001). However, differences in D*, f, and rBF values between the groups were not significant (p&gt;0.05). The LR model was constructed with D value, fibroid position, ventral skin distance, T2WI signal intensity, and contrast enhanced degree. The area under the ROC curve, specificity, and sensitivity of the model were 0.858 (95% confidence interval: 0.781, 0.935), 0.686, and 0.947. The nomogram and calibration curves confirmed that the model had excellent performance.ConclusionThe IVIM-DWI quantitative parameters can be used to predict early effects of HIFU ablation on uterine fibroids. A high D value before treatment may indicate that the treatment will be less effective in the early stages.
Cariprazine for negative symptoms in early psychosis: a pilot study with a 6-month follow-up
Authors: Pappa Sofia , Kalniunas Arturas , Maret Jose 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundCariprazine, a novel antipsychotic drug that is a partial agonist with preferential binding to the D3 receptor, has demonstrated efficacy in clinical trials across all symptom domains, including negative symptoms, which can occur early in the course of psychotic illness. However, evidence, to date regarding its effects in early psychosis patients with primary negative symptoms has been limited.ObjectivesTo evaluate the efficacy of cariprazine for negative symptoms in early psychosis patients.MethodsDemographic and clinical information of the study population were collected from the electronic records and PANSS scale administered at baseline, 3 and 6 months. Tolerability and discontinuation reasons, where applicable, were also recorded.ResultsTen patients with early psychosis (four men and six women, mean age – 25.5  years) with prominent or predominant negative symptoms were treated with cariprazine (range 1.5 – 3 mg). Three patients discontinued cariprazine within the first 3  months due to patient choice, lack of response and non-compliance, respectively. In the remaining patients, there was a significant reduction in the mean negative PANSS score from baseline to 6 months (from 26.3 to 10.6), mean total PANSS score (from 81.4 to 43.3) and in the mean positive PANSS score (from 14.4 to 9.9) which correspond to a 53.1, 41.5, and 28.5% mean score reduction.ConclusionThis pilot study suggests that cariprazine is a safe and effective treatment in early psychosis, particularly for the alleviation of negative symptoms which remains an area of unmet treatment need.
Kepastian Kewenangan Penegakan Hukum Terhadap Advokat yang Obstraction Of Justice Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia
Authors: Saputra Iswandy Rani 
Published: June 2023

Tujuan Penelitian ini Untuk mengetahui penerapan hukum terhadap advokat yang mengahalangi dan merintangi jalannya proses penyidikan pada perkara tindak pidana korupsi dan Untuk mengetahui Batasan hak imunitas Advokat yang terkandung dalam Undang Undang nomor 18 tahun 2003 tentang Advokat dalam menjalankan profesinya sebagai seorang penegak hukum. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kasus terkait dari kasus yang diteliti baik dari pembicaraan di media maupun fakta fakta persidangan dan pendekatan yuridis normative. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat dua aturan pidana yang mengatur tentang advokat yang mengahalangi dan merintangi jalannya proses penyidikan pada perkara tindak pidana korupsi yaitu dalam pasal 216 KUHP dan pasal 21 Undang Undang Tindak Pidana Korupsi, penyelidikan , penyidikan dan tuntutan yang dilakukan oleh KPK pada perkara advokat yang menghalangi dan merintangi jalannya pemeriksaan seharusnya batal demi hukum jika berdasarkan pada peraturan perundang-undangan dan yurisprudensi putusan mahkamah agung tentang dakwaan tindak pidana umum, Adapun batasan hak imunitas advokat terletak pada maksud itikad baik yaitu segala perbuatan advokat harus berdasarkan hukum yang berlaku di Indonesia dengan demikian advokat memiliki hak imunitas seperti yang tertera pada pasal 16 Undang â€“ Undang Advokat.
Time-Reversal Source Reconstruction Beyond the Diffraction Limit with Arbitrary-Order Kurtosis
Authors: Feng Xiaoyao , Cai Jun , Li Juan , CHEN ZHIZHANG 
Published: June 2023

<p>Electromagnetic time-reversal (TR) has been proven to be an effective and efficient method for solving source reconstruction problems. Different algorithms are proposed to deal with difficulties in real-world scenarios. In our previous work, we proposed the electromagnetic kurtosis methods and discussed the resolution in band-limited TR. However, traditional kurtosis methods may not work effectively with narrow bandwidth. This work further extends the idea of arbitrary-order kurtosis and demonstrates its capabilities of achieving super-resolution in real applications. Compared to other super-resolution techniques, the proposed methods are algorithmic simple and do not incorporate subwavelength structures. Numerical experiments show the field concentration beyond the diffraction limit which can increase the accuracy of source reconstruction with band-limited TR. Quantitative analysis is also presented to illustrate the characteristics of arbitrary-order kurtosis and its applications in multiple sources reconstruction or future complex environments. </p>
AdaptEdge: Targeted Universal Adversarial Attacks on Time Series Data in Smart Grids
Authors: Khan Sultan Uddin , Mynuddin Mohammed , Nabil Mahmoud 
Published: June 2023

<p> Deep learning (DL) has emerged as a key technique in smart grid operations for task classification of power quality disturbances (PQDs). Even though these models have considerably improved the efficiency of power infrastructure, their susceptibility to adversarial attacks presents potential difficulties. For the first time, we introduce a novel algorithm called Adaptive Edge (AdaptEdge), which effectively employs targeted universal adversarial attacks to deceive DL models working with time series data. The unique contribution of this algorithm is its ability to maintain a delicate balance between the fooling rate and the imperceptibility of perturbations to human observers. Our results demonstrate a fooling rate of up to 90.78% in the ResNet50 model—the highest achieved thus far—while maintaining an optimal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 3dB and ensuring signal integrity. We implemented our algorithm across various advanced DL models and found considerable efficacy, demonstrating its adaptability and versatility across diverse architectures. The results of our study highlight the pressing need for developing more robust DL model implementations in the context of the smart grid. Additionally, our proposed approach demonstrates its effectiveness in addressing this need. </p>
“ASI Itu Penting”: Edukasi pada Ibu Hamil untuk Cegah Stunting di Kabupaten Bogor
Authors: Kushargina Rosyanne , Falah Afiqah Nurul , Hafidz Muhammad Daffa , Nadia Nur Zahwa , Uswatun Uswatun 
Published: June 2023

ASI esklusif memiliki banyak dampak positif pada status gizi, kesehatan, dan tumbuh kembang bayi. Cakupan ASI esklusif di Jawa barat tahun 2021 baru mencapai 51,2%, sehingga upaya peningkatan cakupan ASI esklusif harus semakin ditingkatkan. Upaya meningkatkan ASI esklusif dapat dimulai sejak dini pada ibu hamil agar dapat mempersiapkan periode menyusui dengan baik. Salah satunya melalui kegiatan edukasi pada ibu hamil. Kegiatan edukasi “ASI Itu Penting” dilakukan di Posyandu Subadra, Kecamatan Dramaga Kabupaten Bogor, Jawa Barat. Tujuan dari kegiatan ini untuk mengedukasi warga terutama ibu hamil tentang pentingnya ASI Eksklusif. Materi edukasi diberikan dalam bentuk lefleat dengan materi terdiri dari masalah pada ibu menyusui, manfaat ASI untuk bayi, cara menyusui, jenis posisi menyusui, dan rekomendasi makanan untuk meningkatkan produksi ASI ibu. Terjadi peningkatan pengetahuan ibu hamil sasaran yang dilihat dari peningkatan nilai rata-rata pre dan post-test sebanyak 25 poin dari 50 poin menjadi 75 poin. Untuk keberlanjutan kegiatan, edukasi pada ibu hamil dapat dilakukan secara berkala dengan materi lain terkait gizi dan kesehatan untuk mendukung kesehatan ibu hamil dan membantu ibu hamil menyiapkan periode menyusui dengan baik serta melibatkan kader sebagai edukator promosi gizi dan kesehatan.
Perspectives of Indigenous medical students on a postgraduate Indigenous admissions pathway
Authors: Black Kristin A , Schroeder Brittany , Felske-Durksen Cassandra , Rich Rebecca 
Published: June 2023

Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the perceptions of Indigenous medical students on postgraduate admissions through an Indigenous admissions pathway (IAP), and to determine what factors may influence Indigenous medical students’ choice of residency training program.
Methods: We distributed a survey to self-identified Indigenous students at settler Canadian medical schools. The survey questioned the students’ acceptability of an IAP, and what factors would influence application through an IAP. Analysis included descriptive statistics and thematic analysis of open-ended questions.
Results: Thirty-six participants responded to the survey. Location and proximity to family or support system were the most important factors in choosing a residency program. Participants identified mentorship from Indigenous physicians and community involvement as being important features of a residency program that has an IAP. Eighty-one percent of participants felt the availability of an IAP would influence their choice of residency program. Fear of judgement or stigma, concern about entrance requirements, and program logistics were identified as barriers to applying to residency through an IAP. All participants believed that an IAP would have a positive influence on the healthcare system more broadly.
Conclusions: An IAP appears to be an acceptable residency application format to Indigenous students but cannot exist in isolation. It is important for programs to consider the needs and safety of Indigenous trainees within residency programs.