bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Estimating and visualising multivariable Mendelian randomization analyses within a radial framework
Authors: Spiller Wes , Bowden Jack , Sanderson Eleanor 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundMultivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) is a statistical approach using genetic variants as instrumental variables to estimate direct causal effects of multiple exposures on an outcome simultaneously. In univariable MR findings are typically illustrated through plots created using summary data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS), yet analogous plots for MVMR have so far been unavailable due to the multidimensional nature of the analysis.MethodsWe propose a radial formulation of MVMR, and an adapted Galbraith radial plot, which allows for the direct effect of each exposure within an MVMR analysis to be visualised. Radial MVMR plots facilitate the detection of outlier variants, indicating violations of one or more assumptions of MVMR. In addition, the RMVMR R package is presented as accompanying software for implementing the methods described.ResultsWe demonstrate the effectiveness of the radial MVMR approach through simulations and applied analyses, estimating the effect of lipid fractions on coronary heart disease (CHD). We find evidence of a protective effect of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and a positive effect of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) on CHD, however, the protective effect of HDL appeared to be smaller in magnitude when removing outlying variants. In combination with simulated examples, we highlight how important features of MVMR analyses can be explored using a range of tools incorporated within the RMVMR R package.ConclusionsRadial MVMR effectively visualises causal effect estimates, and provides valuable diagnostic information with respect to the underlying assumptions of MVMR.
Harnessing Nature’s nanoSecrets: biocompatibility, biodistribution and bioactivity of extracellular vesicles derived from microalgae
Authors: Adamo Giorgia , Santonicola Pamela , Picciotto Sabrina , Gargano Paola , Nicosia Aldo , Longo Valeria , Aloi Noemi , Romancino Daniele P. , Paterna Angela , Rao Estella , Raccosta Samuele , Noto Rosina , Salamone Monica , Deidda Irene , Costa Salvatore , Di Sano Caterina , Zampi Giuseppina , Morsbach Svenja , Landfester Katharina , Colombo Paolo , Wei Mingxing , Bergese Paolo , Touzet Nicolas , Manno Mauro , Di Schiavi Elia , Bongiovanni Antonella 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTNanoalgosomes are extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by microalgal cells that can mediate intercellular and cross-kingdom communication. In the present study, starting from the optimized nanoalgosome manufacturing from cultures of marine microalgae, we evaluated their innate biological properties in preclinical models. Our investigation of nanoalgosome biocompatibility included toxicological analyses, starting from studies on the invertebrate model organismCaenorhabditis elegans,proceeding to hematological and immunological evaluations in mice and immune-compatibilityex vivo. Nanoalgosome biodistribution was evaluated in mice with accurate space-time resolution, and inC. elegansat cellular and subcellular levels. Further examination highlighted the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory bioactivities of nanoalgosomes. This holistic approach to nanoalgosome functional characterization showcases that nanoalgosomes are innate effectors and potential drug delivery system for novel cosmetic formulations and EV-based therapies.
Caleosin 1 contributes to seed lipid droplet degradation by interaction with autophagy-related protein ATG8
Authors: Miklaszewska Magdalena , Zienkiewicz Krzysztof , Klugier-Borowska Ewa , Rygielski Marcin , Feussner Ivo , Zienkiewicz Agnieszka 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTTriacylglycerols (TAGs) accumulate in lipid droplets (LDs) of seed tissues to provide energy and carbon for seedling establishment. In the major route of LD degradation (lipolysis), TAGs are mobilized by lipases. However, LDs may be also degradedvialipophagy, a type of selective autophagy, which mediates LDs delivery to vacuoles or lysosomes. The exact mechanism of this process in plants still remains unresolved. Here, we provide evidence that duringArabidopsis thalianaseed germination, LDs are degraded by microlipophagy and that this process requires caleosin 1 (CLO1), a LD surface protein. We show co-localization of autophagy-related protein 8b (ATG8b) and LDs during seed germination and localization of lipidated ATG8 (ATG8-PE) to the LD fraction. We further demonstrate that CLO1, CLO2 and CLO3 interact with ATG8 proteinsviatheir ATG8-interacting motifs (AIMs). Deletion of AIM localized directly before the proline knot disrupts CLO1 interaction with ATG8b, suggesting the essential role of this region in the interaction between the two proteins. Collectively, we provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms governing the interaction of LDs with the autophagy machinery in plant cells, contributing to understanding of the role of structural LD proteins in lipid mobilization.
A simple model for Behavioral Time Scale Synaptic Plasticity provides content addressable memory with binary synapses and one-shot learning
Authors: Wu Yujie , Maass Wolfgang 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACTRecent experimental studies in the awake brain have identified a rule for synaptic plasticity that is instrumental for the instantaneous creation of memory traces in area CA1 of the mammalian brain: Behavioral Time scale Synaptic Plasticity. This one-shot learning rule differs in five essential aspects from previously considered plasticity mechanisms. We introduce a transparent model for the core function of this learning rule and establish a theory that enables a principled understanding of the system of memory traces that it creates. Theoretical predictions and numerical simulations show that our model is able to create a functionally powerful content-addressable memory without the need for high-resolution synaptic weights. Furthermore, it reproduces the repulsion effect of human memory, whereby traces for similar memory items are pulled apart to enable differential downstream processing. Altogether, our results create a link between synaptic plasticity in area CA1 of the hippocampus and its network function. They also provide a promising approach for implementing content-addressable memory with on-chip learning capability in highly energy-efficient crossbar arrays of memristors.
Shunt faults detection and classification in electrical power transmission line systems based on artificial neural networks
Authors: Assadi Khaoula , Slimane Jihane Ben , Chalandi Hanene , Salhi Salah 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
This study aims to focus on an adaptive method for fault detection and classification of fault types that trigger in three-phase transmission lines using artificial neural networks (ANNs). The proposed scheme can detect and classify several types of faults, including line-to-ground, line-to-line, double-line-to-ground, triple-line and triple-line-to-ground faults.

Design/methodology/approach
The fundamental components of three-phase current and voltage were used as inputs in the ANNs. An analysis of the impact of variations in the fault resistance, fault type and fault inception time was conducted to evaluate the ANNs performance. The survey compares the performance of the multi-layer perceptron neural network (MLPNN) and Elman recurrent neural network trained with the backpropagation learning technique to improve each of the three phases of the fault detection and classification process. A detailed analysis validates the choice of the ANNs architecture based on the variation in the number of hidden neurons in each step.

Findings
The mean square error, root mean square error, mean absolute error and linear regression are measured to improve the efficiency of the ANN models for both fault detection and classification. The results indicate that the MLPNN can detect and classify faults with a satisfactory performance.

Originality/value
The smart adaptive scheme is fast and accurate for fault detection and classification in a single circuit transmission line when faced with different conditions and can be useful for transmission line protection schemes.
A meta-analysis of a comprehensive m-health technology acceptance
Authors: Calegari Luiz Philipi , R.D. Barkokebas , Fettermann Diego Castro 
Published: April 2023

Purpose
The evolution of e-health technologies presents promising alternatives for health-care excellence. Despite the benefits arising from mobile e-health (m-health) and wearables technologies, the literature stands many contradictories signs regarding how users accept and engage in using these technologies. This study aims to synthesize the estimations about m-health user acceptance technologies.

Design/methodology/approach
A meta-analytic structural equation modeling was carried out using the 778 relationships estimated by 100 previous research. The estimations follow the relations and constructs proposed in the UTAUT2 technological acceptance model.

Findings
The results indicate the performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and habit constructs are most important for predicting the behavioral intention of use of m-health technologies. The Latin American users of e-health technologies are still underestimated in the literature.

Originality/value
The study presents a guide to understanding the acceptance process of m-health technologies and delivers a general orientation for developing new m-health devices considering their acceptance by users.
The performance effects of supply chain agility with sensing and responding as formative capabilities
Authors: Park Soomin , Braunscheidel Michael J. , Suresh Nallan C. 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe study presents a conceptual model of a firm's supply chain agility (FSCA) as a formative construct formed by sensing and responding capabilities. Both construct validity and predictive validity of the model are tested by investigating nuanced effects of FSCA on business performance. The study aims to empirically validate the sensing-responding theoretical framework of Overbyet al.(2006) and extend the emergent stream on sensing-responding frameworks for supply chain agility.Design/methodology/approachSurvey research is employed. Data are analysed using partial least squares technique and mediation tests by Hayes PROCESS macro.FindingsFSCA is established as a revised construct formed by the distinct capabilities of sensing and responding. The efficacy of utilizing FSCA as a formative 2nd order construct was established. In addition, FSCA is shown to affect business performance through mediations of cost efficiency and customer effectiveness, establishing its predictive validity.Originality/valueThis study contributes significantly to the literature on supply chain agility in terms of both theory and practice for cultivating supply chain agility. Drawing on resource-based view and resource-advantage theories, as reformulation of supply chain agility as a formative construct of sensing and responding capabilities, this research opens up new lines of inquiry on agility.
Application and realization of key technologies in China railway e-ticketing system
Authors: Shan Xinghua , Zhang Zhiqiang , Ning Fei , Li Shida , Dai Linlin 
Published: April 2023

PurposeWith the yearly increase of mileage and passenger volume in China's high-speed railway, the problems of traditional paper railway tickets have become increasingly prominent, including complexity of business handling process, low efficiency of ticket inspection and high cost of usage and management. This paper aims to make extensive references to successful experiences of electronic ticket applications both domestically and internationally. The research on key technologies and system implementation of railway electronic ticket with Chinese characteristics has been carried out.Design/methodology/approachResearch in key technologies is conducted including synchronization technique in distributed heterogeneous database system, the grid-oriented passenger service record (PSR) data storage model, efficient access to massive PSR data under high concurrency condition, the linkage between face recognition service platforms and various terminals in large scenarios, and two-factor authentication of the e-ticket identification code based on the key and the user identity information. Focusing on the key technologies and architecture the of existing ticketing system, multiple service resources are expanded and developed such as electronic ticket clusters, PSR clusters, face recognition clusters and electronic ticket identification code clusters.FindingsThe proportion of paper ticket printed has dropped to 20%, saving more than 2 billion tickets annually since the launch of the application of E-ticketing nationwide. The average time for passengers to pass through the automatic ticket gates has decreased from 3 seconds to 1.3 seconds, significantly improving the efficiency of passenger transport organization. Meanwhile, problems of paper ticket counterfeiting, reselling and loss have been generally eliminated.Originality/valueE-ticketing has laid a technical foundation for the further development of railway passenger transport services in the direction of digitalization and intelligence.
Generating complete synthetic datasets for high‐resolution amplitude‐versus‐offset attributes deep learning inversion
Authors: Sun Shuai , Nie Junguang , Wang Benfeng , Zhao Luanxiao , He Zhiliang , Zhang Hong , Chen Dong , Geng Jianhua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDeep learning has been used in seismic exploration to solve seismic inversion problems, however it requires sufficient and diverse training samples and labels to obtain satisfactory results. Insufficient training labels are a common problem since labels usually come from well‐logging data, which are limited and sparsely distributed. This can result in a trained network with poor generalizability. A novel complete synthetic dataset‐driven method utilizing convolutional neural network is presented for seismic amplitude‐versus‐offset attributes P and G inversion. Gaussian simulation sampling with physical constraints is used to generate a complete elastic parameter dataset by traversing the entire elastic parameter model space. By randomly combining elastic parameters from the full elastic parameters model space, sufficient synthetic pre‐stack amplitude‐versus‐offset gathers and attribute datasets are generated for training the convolutional neural network. Compared with the limited real data‐driven convolutional neural network, the complete synthetic dataset‐driven convolutional neural network has better generalizability. Broadband training labels improve the accuracy and resolution of the complete synthetic dataset‐driven convolutional neural network's inversion results beyond that of the conventional least‐square data‐fitting method. The complete synthetic dataset‐driven convolutional neural network is robust for processing noise‐contaminated seismic data, but if the frequency band of the labels for training the network is too wide and the signal‐to‐noise ratio of pre‐stack amplitude‐versus‐offset gathers is too low, the quality of the inversion results will reduce. The Marmousi II model and field data examples show that the novel complete synthetic dataset‐driven convolutional neural network can extract higher‐resolution amplitude‐versus‐offset attributes P and G.
What can supraspecies richness tell us?
Authors: Volvenko Igor V. , Gebruk Andrey V. , Katugin Oleg N. , Vinogradov Georgy M. , Orlov Alexei M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBiogeographers, ecologists, palaeontologists, and conservation managers often deal with checklists in which not all individuals have been identified to a species level, or the accuracy of species identification is questionable. Is it possible and credible to investigate species richness based on such checklists? Studies on macrofauna in the Far Eastern seas, eastern Arctic seas, and adjacent waters of the Pacific and Arctic Oceans suggest that in different habitats and for diverse taxa, species, and higher taxa richness strongly correlate with each other and increase with an expansion in the study area and sample size according to the species–area law. Such an increase is higher in the bottom zone than in the pelagic. Species and higher taxa richness also show a decrease from lower to higher latitudes, which is in line with the Humboldt–Wallace’s law. According to Willis’ law and self‐similarity in the organisation of taxonomic levels, species richness can be assessed based on the genus, family, and order richness. In other words, supraspecies richness itself can tell us the same as species richness and therefore certain global patterns revealed at the species level may also be revealed at the supraspecies level. Such a concordance in general trends among richness parameters at different taxonomic levels in practice implies that species richness can be studied based on lists that lack species identifications or lists with doubtful species identification. We suggest bolder use of supraspecies richness in science and practice, discussing the disadvantages and advantages of this approach.
Co‐encapsulation of rutinoside and β‐carotene in liposomes modified by rhamnolipid: Antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, storage stability, and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion
Authors: Ji Ying , Wang Zhigao , Ju Xingrong , Deng Feng , Yang Feiyu , He Rong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe surfactant rhamnolipid (RL) was used to modify the liposomes. β‐carotene (βC) and rutinoside (Rts) were utilized to generate co‐encapsulated liposomes through an ethanol injection method that used both hydrophilic and hydrophobic cavities to fabricate a novel cholesterol‐free composite delivery system. The RL complex‐liposomes loaded with βC and Rts (RL–βC–Rts) showed higher loading efficiency and good physicochemical properties (size = 167.48 nm, zeta‐potential = −5.71 mV, and polydispersity index = 0.23). Compared with other samples, the RL–βC–Rts showed better antioxidant activities and antibacterial ability. Moreover, dependable stability was uncovered in RL–βC–Rts with still 85.2% of βC storage from nanoliposome after 30 days at 4°C. Furthermore, in simulated gastrointestinal digestion, βC exhibited good release kinetic properties. The present study demonstrated that liposomes constructed from RLs offer a promising avenue for the design of multicomponent nutrient delivery systems using both hydrophilic.
Influence of microhabitat structure on large‐ and medium‐sized mammals in South African forests
Authors: Sosibo Mbalenhle T. , Ehlers Smith David A. , Ehlers Smith Yvette C. , Gumede S. Thobeka , Ngcobo Samukelisiwe P. , Downs Colleen T. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMicrohabitats play a significant role in the persistence of mammalian species and communities. In South Africa, the forest biome is the smallest. It includes the naturally fragmented Southern Mistbelt Forest group, where little is known about contemporary mammalian assemblage dynamics concerning these forest's microhabitats. We determined the microhabitat characteristics that best explained mammalian species' presence and absence in these forests in the northern Eastern Cape and southern KwaZulu‐Natal provinces. We deployed a minimum of 60 camera traps at any time for 24 h/day to monitor mammalian species' presence/absence. We recorded a habitat foliage profile within a 20 m radius around each camera trap. The species most often photographed were Tragelaphus scriptus and Cercopithecus albogularis labiatus, with the least photographed species being Leptailurus serval and Felis silvestris cafra. All mammalian species detected in our study had a negative association with bare ground. Cercopithecus albogularis labiatus, an arboreal species that requires a dense connecting canopy for movement, showed a positive association with crown closure. Our study highlighted that microhabitat variables: leaf litter, crown closure and grass cover played an important role in the presence and persistence of large and medium‐sized mammalian species that inhabit the Southern Mistbelt Forests, which benefits forest conservation management plans.
Body mass index and esophageal and gastric cancer: A pooled analysis of 10 population‐based cohort studies in Japan
Authors: Koyanagi Yuriko N. , Matsuo Keitaro , Ito Hidemi , Wang Chaochen , Tamakoshi Akiko , Sugawara Yumi , Tsuji Ichiro , Ono Ayami , Tsugane Shoichiro , Sawada Norie , Wada Keiko , Nagata Chisato , Takeuchi Taro , Kitamura Tetsuhisa , Utada Mai , Sakata Ritsu , Mizoue Tetsuya , Abe Sarah Krull , Inoue Manami ,   Research Group for the Development and Evaluation of Cancer Prevention Strategies in Japan
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe effect of body mass index (BMI) on esophageal and gastric carcinogenesis might be heterogeneous, depending on subtype or subsite. However, findings from prospective evaluations of BMI associated with these cancers among Asian populations have been inconsistent and limited, especially for esophageal adenocarcinoma and gastric cardia cancer. We performed a pooled analysis of 10 population‐based cohort studies to examine this association in 394,247 Japanese individuals. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to estimate study‐specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), then pooled these estimates to calculate summary HRs with a random effects model. During 5,750,107 person‐years of follow‐up, 1569 esophageal cancer (1038 squamous cell carcinoma and 86 adenocarcinoma) and 11,095 gastric (728 cardia and 5620 noncardia) cancer incident cases were identified. An inverse association was observed between BMI and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (HR per 5‐kg/m2 increase 0.57, 95% CI 0.50–0.65), whereas a positive association was seen in gastric cardia cancer (HR 1.15, 95% CI 1.00–1.32). A nonsignificant and significant positive association for overweight or obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) relative to BMI <25 kg/m2 was observed with esophageal adenocarcinoma (HR 1.32, 95% CI 0.80–2.17) and gastric cardia cancer (HR 1.24, 95% CI 1.05–1.46), respectively. No clear association with BMI was found for gastric noncardia cancer. This prospective study—the largest in an Asian country—provides a comprehensive quantitative estimate of the association of BMI with upper gastrointestinal cancer and confirms the subtype‐ or subsite‐specific carcinogenic impact of BMI in a Japanese population.