bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How to develop rapid reviews of diagnostic tests according to experts: A qualitative exploration of researcher views
Authors: Arevalo‐Rodriguez Ingrid , Baxter Susan , Steingart Karen R. , Tricco Andrea C. , Nussbaumer‐Streit Barbara , Kaunelis David , Alonso‐Coello Pablo , Bossuyt Patrick M. , Zamora Javier 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundRapid reviews (RRs) have been used to provide timely evidence for policymakers, health providers, and the public in several healthcare scenarios, most recently during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Despite the essential role of diagnosis in clinical management, data about how to perform RRs of diagnostic tests are scarce. We aimed to explore the views and perceptions of experts in evidence synthesis and diagnostic evidence about the value of methods used to accelerate the review process.MethodsWe performed semistructured interviews with a purposive sample of experts in evidence synthesis and diagnostic evidence. We carried out the interviews in English between July and December 2021. Initial reading and coding of the transcripts were performed using NVIVO qualitative data analysis software.ResultsOf a total of 23 invited experts, 16 (70%) responded. We interviewed all 16 participants representing key roles in evidence synthesis. We identified 14 recurring themes including the review question, characteristics of the review team, and use of automation, as the topics with the highest number of quotes. Some participants considered several methodological “shortcuts” to be ineffective or risky, such as automating quality appraisal, using only one reviewer for diagnostic data extraction and only performing descriptive analysis. The introduction of limits might depend on whether the test being assessed is a new test, the availability of alternative tests, the needs of providers and patients, and the availability of high‐quality systematic reviews.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that organizational strategies (e.g., defining the review question, availability of a highly experienced team) may have a role in conducting RRs of diagnostic tests. Several methodological shortcuts were considered inadequate for accelerating the review process, though they need to be assessed in well‐designed studies. Improved reporting of RRs would support evidence‐based decision‐making and help users of RRs understand their limitations.
AI in Process Industries – Current Status and Future Prospects
Authors: Bortz Michael , Dadhe Kai , Engell Sebastian , Gepert Vanessa , Kockmann Norbert , Müller-Pfefferkorn Ralph , Schindler Thorsten , Urbas Leon 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe chemical industry is one of the key industrial sectors in Germany and at the same time one of the largest consumers of energy and raw materials. A successful energy transition and the development of a circular economy can only succeed if they are actively supported and shaped by the chemical industry – through the redesign of existing production processes and the exploration and implementation of new process routes. The challenge is to realize this transformation within a very short time and for many production processes, whereby a much larger number of process routes must be explored. Digital technologies are key to master this transformation towards more sustainability, climate, and environmental protection. The KEEN project aims to explore and leverage artificial intelligence (AI) opportunities in process industry. The newly developed AI methods are tested wherever possible in real working environments and production plants to prove the economic benefit, applicability, and reliability of the methods and technologies.
Quantifying the Relative Roles of Different Microorganisms on Trimethoprim Degradation by Nitrifying Activated Sludge
Authors: Yuan Pei‐Kun , Xu Run‐Ze , Ma You , Wu Yu , Meng Han , Wang Guo‐Xiang , Zhang Li‐Min , Zhang Xian‐Qiu , Jia Guo‐Zheng , Xiao Yan , Li Wei‐Hua , Xie Wen‐Ming 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe cometabolism of ammonia‐oxidizing bacteria (AOB) in nitrifying activated sludge can effectively degrade antibiotics. However, the roles of other microorganisms in antibiotic removal processes remain uncharacterized. In this study, the effects of AOB, nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB), and heterotrophs on the removal of the antibiotic trimethoprim (TMP) at environmentally relevant concentrations in an enriched nitrifying activated sludge are quantified. AOB is found to be the most efficient for TMP removal, which is related with ammonium concentration. TMP removal is increased from 48.0% to 64.0% as the ammonium concentration increased from 50 to 150 mg L−1. However, with a further increase in ammonium concentration to 250 mg L−1, TMP removal is decreased to 45.6%. The percentages of TMP removed by AOB, NOB, and heterotrophs are quantified by batch experiments, and are 78.7%, 18.6%, and 2.7%, respectively. The results demonstrate that in nitrifying activated sludge system, the contribution of NOB and heterotrophs on TMP removal should also be considered.
A Bright Surprise: Live‐Cell Labeling with Negatively Charged Fluorescent Probes based on Disulfonated Rhodamines and HaloTag
Authors: Kim Dojin , Stoldt Stefan , Weber Michael , Jakobs Stefan , Belov Vladimir N. , Hell Stefan W. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDisulfonated rhodamines are photostable and bright dyes widely used in life science and optical microscopy. However, di‐sulfonated dyes were considered cell impermeable and not applicable in living cells. We challenged this assumption with 5 most popular rhodamines (Rho) having two carboxylic acid residues, versatile sulfonation patterns and emitting green (AS488), yellow (Rho530), orange (Rho565) and red (Rho590 and STAR RED) light. The probes comprising one rhodamine entity and a HaloTagTM amine (O2) ligand (x) were prepared and applied for labeling of living, Vimentin‐Halo (VIM‐Halo) expressing U‐2 OS cells. Surprisingly, we observed specific and bright staining with simplest compounds Rho590‐x, Rho565‐x and Rho530‐x bearing two negative charges; they performed well also in stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy. Specific staining and red shifts in absorption and emission bands were observed with other probes having one negative charge; they were prepared by native chemical ligation and esterification.
Design and implementation of dual‐leg generic converter for DC/AC grid integration
Authors: Suresh Krishnan , Parimalasundar Ezhilvannan 
Published: April 2023

SummaryA newly designed generic photo‐voltaic (PV) DC‐DC/DC‐AC converter is for direct current (DC) grid or single‐phase alternating current (AC) grid integration. Main concept of the proposed converter is universal power conversion, and the same converter is used for DC‐DC/DC‐AC applications which also aiming for minimum redundancy because the proposed converter can be able to produce DC and AC output from the fixed/variable DC source. The proposed converter is designed with single‐stage dual leg topology, with a designed filter, and protection circuits are connected in output/grid side. The proposed circuit is compared with existing topologies, and comparative analyses are made in both chopper (DC‐DC) and inverter (DC‐AC) modes for universal or generic operation. Real‐time implementation of the proposed model is prepared for the power rating of 3.5 KW during inverter mode and 4 KW when same circuit working in chopper mode. Hardware results are obtained from the model from both chopper and inverter modes. Finally, correct applications, advantages, and future work are concluded in the last section.
Multimodal convolutional neural networks for predicting evolution of gyrokinetic simulations
Authors: Honda Mitsuru , Narita Emi , Maeyama Shinya , Watanabe Tomo‐Hiko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGyrokinetic simulations are required for the quantitative calculation of fluxes due to turbulence, which dominates over other transport mechanisms in tokamaks. However, nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations are computationally expensive. A multimodal convolutional neural network model that reads images and values generated by nonlinear gyrokinetic simulations and predicts electrostatic turbulent heat fluxes was developed to support efficient runs. The model was extended to account for squared electrostatic potential fluctuations, which are proportional to the fluxes in the quasilinear model, as well as images containing fluctuating electron and ion distribution functions and fluctuating electrostatic potentials in wavenumber space. This multimodal model can predict the time and electron and ion turbulent heat fluxes corresponding to the input data. The model trained on the Cyclone base case data successfully predicted times and fluxes not only for its test data, but also for the completely different and unknown JT‐60U case, with high accuracy. The predictive performance of the model depended on the similarity of the linear stability of the case used to train the model to the case being predicted.
Uncommon case of cytopathological features of sialadenoma papilliferum
Authors: Oyama Yuzo , Nishida Haruto , Kondo Yoshihiko , Kusaba Takahiro , Kawamura Kazuhiro , Fujimoto Ayaka , Yokomine Yurina , Kiyooka Seiji , Iwao Satomi , Hirakawa Koji , Kawano Kenji , Daa Tsutomu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSialadenoma papilliferum, a benign and rare salivary gland neoplasm, accounts for 0.4%–1.2% of all salivary gland tumors and occurs primarily in minor salivary glands of the oral cavity. Here, we report a case of sialadenoma papilliferum and its associated cytological findings. A papillary tumor was incidentally detected on the palate of an 86‐year‐old Japanese man. Conventional oral exfoliative cytology was performed; the cytology smear exhibited epithelial clusters composed of atypical epithelial cells with a high nuclear/cytoplasm ratio and arranged in sheet or small papillary‐like projections. Cytoplasmic vacuoles were also observed in the papillae. It was difficult to make a definitive diagnosis due to the presence of uncommon cytological features. The excisional biopsy specimen revealed histological features characteristic of sialadenoma papilliferum. Mutational analysis detected BRAFV600E mutation, which confirmed the diagnosis of sialadenoma papilliferum. To the best of our knowledge, no prior cytomorphological evaluations of sialadenoma papilliferum have been reported in detail. Oral exfoliative cytology specimens from salivary gland tumors can demonstrate uncommon cytomorphological features. A differential diagnosis of sialadenoma papilliferum can be based on the observation of mildly atypical epithelial cells that form small papillary‐like structures.
Intra‐individual stability of longitudinal urinary steroid profiles in Swedish athletes
Authors: Ekström Lena , Mous Dinah , Heiland Vincent , Heiland Emerald G. , Schulze Jenny 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe steroid module of the athlete biological passport (ABP) aims to detect doping with endogenous steroids by longitudinally monitoring epitestosterone (E), testosterone (T), and four metabolically related steroids and their ratios. There are large variations in the urinary levels of the androgen metabolites due to genetic polymorphisms, drug use, menstrual cycle, and other factors. In this study, we aimed to increase our understanding of the natural, within‐individual variations of the established ABP markers in males and females over time, looking at samples collected both in and out‐of‐competition (IC/OOC). Urinary steroid profiles from 323 Swedish athletes, with at least five samples per athlete, were extracted from ADAMS together with information on type of sport, IC/OOC, and time of day. Data were analyzed using coefficient of variation (CV%) to examine within‐subject variability and linear mixed effects models to estimate within‐subject change in the metabolites over time. The metabolites and ratios expressed higher individual CV% in females (23–56) than in males (18–39). Samples taken OOC showed larger intra‐individual variations than samples collected IC for most of the ABP metabolites in both sexes. The median concentrations were higher IC for some metabolites, particularly testosterone being 52% higher among females. Time of day influenced the intra‐individual variation of the urinary steroid profile with decreases in androgen metabolites over time, if measured in evening versus daytime. These findings can aid in the testing strategies and interpretation of the steroidal module of ABP.
Using DNA barcoding and field surveys to guide wildlife management at Nanjing Lukou International Airport, China
Authors: Chen Wan , Miao Keer , Liu Yizheng , Zhang Jie , Zhao Yang , Hu Dongfang , Wang Pengcheng , Li Peng , Chang Qing , Hu Chaochao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe conflicts between wildlife and aircraft have increased due to the development of the aviation industry. While many studies have quantified the relative hazards of wildlife to aircraft, few studies have combined DNA barcoding techniques with field surveys of bird communities in different habitats to reveal the exact species involved in bird strikes and how the habitat heterogeneity around airports affects bird communities and even the occurrence of bird strikes. Taking Nanjing Lukou International Airport in China as an example, based on the DNA barcoding technology and detailed field research, we establish the most commonly struck species, which can help managers identify the level of hazard and lead to meaningful reductions in hazards and costs associated with bird strike. The investigation of bird communities showed that there were 149 bird species recorded within an 8 km radius. There were 89, 88, 61, and 88 species in the woodland, wetland, farmland, and urban area, respectively. In total, 303 samples identified 82 species representing 13 orders and 32 family of birds from bird strike cases, of which 24 species were not found in the field survey. Passeriformes were the most common order of birds identified, with 43 species represented in 167 identifications. Skylark, Thrush, Shrike, Lapwing, and Swallow were most likely to cause damage or substantial damage to aircraft when strikes occurred. In addition to birds, we identified 69 bats individuals (accounting for 22.77%) using DNA barcoding. The Bray–Curtis similarity analysis revealed that species involved in bird strike had the highest similarity with urban area. Our findings suggest that policymakers should pay more attention to managing the wetlands and urban areas surrounding the airport. These findings imply that DNA barcoding can add to the environmental monitoring in airports, which can facilitate hazard management and improve air safety.
Construct and discriminant validity testing of the FACE‐Q Head and Neck Cancer Module for assessing speech and swallowing outcomes for patients undergoing maxillectomy or mandibulectomy
Authors: Venchiarutti Rebecca L. , Charters Emma K. , Dunn Masako , Clark Jonathan R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe FACE‐Q H&N is a patient reported outcome measure covering multiple constructs for patients with head and neck tumors. Additional testing is needed to determine suitability in assessing speech‐ and swallowing‐related quality of life and function.MethodsFACE‐Q H&N, The M. D. Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI), and Speech Handicap Index (SHI) scores were collected from two patient cohorts who had undergone jaw reconstruction. Construct validity was assessed using convergent validity testing and known groups testing to assess discriminant validity.ResultsA priori hypotheses testing demonstrated strong correlations (ρ > 0.6, p < 0.05) between FACE‐Q H&N eating and drinking, swallowing and eating distress scales with MDADI subscales, and between FACE‐Q H&N speech function and distress scales and the SHI. Known groups testing demonstrated all instruments could delineate outcomes among patients who had radiation, advanced tumors, and tracheostomy.ConclusionThe FACE‐Q H&N may be an alternative for the SHI and MDADI in this patient cohort.
Trends in eyebrow makeup after COVID‐19 and long‐COVID era
Authors: Kim Jiyoung , Kwon Ki Han 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe coronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19) pandemic, which began in 2019, is threatening millions of people around the world. Coronavirus, a severe acute respiratory syndrome, made it mandatory to wear masks, it was carried out through public awareness and review of changes in cosmetics.MethodsThis literature review paper was written by referring to keywords such as “Eyebrow,” “Permanent Make‐up,” “Microblading,” “Make‐up,” and “COVID‐19.” The study selected a total of 485 references using representative journal search sites such as PubMed, Google Scholar, ResearchGate, RISS, DBPia, and CrossRef, of which a total of 43 papers were selected at the final stage from 2000 to 2022 using PRISMA flow diagram.ResultsWith the wearing of a mask due to COVID‐19, we are paying attention to the change in the makeup trend caused by the preference for easy eye makeup.ConclusionsThis narrative review understands that eyebrow makeup has a significant impact on human images due to changes in makeup methods after the COVID‐19 pandemic. It is expected to be used as important data for the rapidly growing semi‐permanent makeup market.
Investigating the performance of machine learning algorithms in predicting the survival of COVID‐19 patients: A cross section study of Iran
Authors: Yazdani Azita , Bigdeli Somayeh Kianian , Zahmatkeshan Maryam 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsLike early diagnosis, predicting the survival of patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is of great importance. Survival prediction models help doctors be more cautious to treat the patients who are at high risk of dying because of medical conditions. This study aims to predict the survival of hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 by comparing the accuracy of machine learning (ML) models.MethodsIt is a cross‐sectional study which was performed in 2022 in Fasa city in Iran country. The research data set was extracted from the period February 18, 2020 to February 10, 2021, and contains 2442 hospitalized patients' records with 84 features. A comparison was made between the efficiency of five ML algorithms to predict survival, includes Naive Bayes (NB), K‐nearest neighbors (KNN), random forest (RF), decision tree (DT), and multilayer perceptron (MLP). Modeling steps were done with Python language in the Anaconda Navigator 3 environment.ResultsOur findings show that NB algorithm had better performance than others with accuracy, precision, recall, F‐score, and area under receiver operating characteristic curve of 97%, 96%, 96%, 96%, and 97%, respectively. Based on the analysis of factors affecting survival, heart disease, pulmonary diseases and blood related disease were the most important disease related to death.ConclusionThe development of software systems based on NB will be effective to predict the survival of COVID‐19 patients
Numerical investigation on the thermal performance of cross‐cocurrent and countercurrent three fluid heat exchanger with flow maldistribution at the inlet
Authors: K. H. Jyothiprakash 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFlow maldistribution at the inlet of a heat exchanger (HX) is a significant parameter that needs to be considered to judge the performance of the same. In this paper, four arrangements of three‐fluid cross‐flow heat exchanger (3FCFHX) with different flow conditions are considered as shown in Figure 1 in which is the performance of cross‐countercurrent and cross‐cocurrent arrangements for uniform and flow maldistribution at the inlet. In addition, the effect of different inlet fluid flow models on the HX performance are investigated numerically. Among the three fluids in these arrangements, the central fluid is considered to be the hot fluid. From the principles of conservation of energy, the governing equations for three fluids are generated and solved using the finite element method. Four different inlet fluid‐flow models are considered for the analysis. Performance is judged using hot fluid effectiveness and the number of transfer units for a different range of governing parameters. The effects of inlet flow maldistribution (IFM) are measured using degradation factors. The results show that the performance of cross‐cocurrent arrangement is found to be superior to the cross‐countercurrent arrangement. In addition, the IFM enhances thermal performance. Further, it is determined that the flow maldistribution at the inlet will enhance the hot fluid effectiveness by 4%–4.5% and 1.8%–2% in cross‐cocurrent and countercurrent arrangements, respectively. The results give a thorough insight into the significant concerns involved in the design of such HXs. Application of the finite element method proves the ease of determining the exit temperatures of the fluids in the HX. This approach is indeed time‐saving and gives insights when compared to the CFD approach.
Primary treatment with a natural coagulant improved the nanofiltration stage to recover dairy wastewater
Authors: Formentini‐Schmitt Dalila Maria , Veit Márcia Teresinha , Trigueros Daniela Estelita Goes , Bergamasco Rosangela , Triques Carina Contini , Mateus Gustavo Affonso Pisano , Fagundes‐Klen Márcia Regina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe adequate management of dairy effluent is of prime importance to mitigate environmental damages. In addition, its adequate treatment could enable its reuse inside the dairy industry, contributing to a sustainable economy.ResultsThe optimization of the coagulation/ flocculation/ sedimentation stage through a Box–Behnken Design was proposed using real dairy effluent and natural coagulant of Moringa extracted with CaCl2. Then, nanofiltration with a NF 270 membrane was applied, using the raw wastewater and the wastewater pre‐treated with coagulation/ flocculation/ sedimentation, enabling apparent color and turbidity removals of >98% in the three studied conditions. A satisfactory chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal of 88.9% was obtained only with the combination of the pre‐treatment by coagulation/ flocculation/ sedimentation followed by nanofiltration. When the effluent was subjected to nanofiltration directly, the COD removal did not reach 61%. Besides improving the removal values, the pre‐treatment improved the transmembrane flow, reducing the fouling and the membrane total resistance when compared to the dairy wastewater directly subjected to nanofiltration.ConclusionWhen the wastewater was pre‐treated using the natural coagulant, the nanofiltration stage was improved because the membrane presented a lower fouling (~10%), lower total resistance and less calcium build‐up compared to direct nanofiltration of the wastewater (~60%). This indicates that the membrane lifespan can be extended when the pre‐treatment is applied. The quality evaluation of the treated effluent demonstrated that it presents the potential to be reused inside the dairy industry, which could greatly contribute to a sustainable and economic scenario. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).