bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Counteract severe heat stress by including different forms of zinc in the rabbit bucks’ diet
Authors: El-Gindy Yassmine Moemen , Zahran Soliman Mohamed , Ahmed Mohamed Hassan , Ali Ahmed Mohamed , Mohamed Asamaa Zaid , Morshedy Sabrin Abdel-rahman 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe harmful influences of global warming on rabbit reproduction and industry attract global attention. Zinc (Zn) is an important trace element with a wide list of functions in the male reproductive system. The aim of this study was to estimate the effects of different forms of zinc supplementation, as organic (Zn methionine), nano (nano Zn oxide) as indirect way to minimized it impact on environment, and inorganic (Zn sulphate) on physiological parameters, semen quality, anti-oxidative status, hormonal profiles of male rabbits subjected to server heat stress. Thirty-six V-line bucks (6–7 months old, 2842.29 ± 34.46 g weight) were randomly distributed to 4 groups, bucks in 1st group (control group, Con) fed basal diet without Zn supplementation, the 2nd, 3rd and 4th groups fed basial diet with 30 mg/kg of zinc methionine (Zn-Met), nano zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs), and zinc sulphate (Zn-S), respectively for a period of 10 weeks suffered from severe heat stress of environmental ambient temperature (over 32 of temperature humidity index, THI). Semen samples were collected and evaluated for volume, pH, motility, concentration, viability, initial fructose, and seminal plasma antioxidant concentration. Liver, kidney function, hormonal and antioxidant profile were measured in blood serum. The results revealed that, compared to control, all forms of Zn supplementation used significantly improved kidney function (creatinine), serum antioxidant (SOD and CAT), physiological parameters, especially on 1st month of the experiment, and seminal plasma antioxidant (SOD and CAT) of heat stressed bucks. Likewise, semen quality in terms of sperm concentration, sperm viability, and initial fructose enhanced significantly (P ≤ 0.05) by ZnO-NPs supplementation. Zinc methionine supplementation significantly improved liver function and decreased seminal plasma TBARs. Treatments with Zn-Met and ZnO-NPs increased seminal TAC and blood testosterone levels with reduced blood cortisol levels compared to other groups. Severe heat stress could be counteract by inclusion Zn with studied forms Zn-Met and ZnO-NPs at recommended dose (30 mg/kg diet) to improve semen quality and antioxidant status.
Passive anti-leakage of blue light for phosphor-converted white LEDs with crystal nanocellulose materials
Authors: Nguyen Quang-Khoi , Glorieux Benoit , Sebe Gilles , Yang Tsung-Hsun , Yu Yeh-Wei , Sun Ching-Cherng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA phenomenon known as "blue-light leakage" caused by overheating pcW-LEDs has recently been identified, and it poses a risk to users. This study focuses on investigating and optimizing a solution to address this issue. To tackle the problem of overheating and blue light leakage, we explored the application of a specific thermochromic material called crystal nano cellulose (CNC). We introduced CNC inside the epoxy lens of white LEDs. Importantly, under standard conditions, CNC has a negligible impact on the optical properties of the output white light. However, when overheating conditions arise, leading to blue light leakage, the temperature increase triggers a darkening effect in CNC. This thermochromic behavior of CNC allows it to strongly absorb the blue light, resulting in a significant suppression of the output luminous flux. As a result, the lamp dims, which not only prevents the user's eyes from being exposed to harmful bluish light but also serves as an indicator of aging in the pcW-LED. By implementing CNC as a responsive material in the design of white LEDs, this study offers a practical and effective solution to mitigate the negative effects of blue-light leakage caused by overheating. This improvement enhances the safety and comfort of users while also providing an early warning system for the aging of pcW-LEDs.
Bayesian inference of plasma parameters from collective Thomson scattering technique on a gas-puff near stagnation
Authors: Escalona M. , Valenzuela J. C. , Avaria G. , Veloso F. , Wyndham E. S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Collective Thomson scattering technique has been implemented to study the stagnation of a single liner gas-puff. The plasma parameters are determined by theoretically modelling the scattering form factor in combination with Bayesian inference to provide the set of the most probable parameters that describe the experimental data. Analysis of the data reveal that incoming flows are able to interpenetrate partially. Estimation of the mean free path shows a gradual transition from a weakly collisional to a collisional regime as the plasma gets to the axis. Furthermore, we find that the ion energy at $$\mathrm{r}=2.5\,\mathrm{mm}$$

r
=
2.5

mm

is $${13.6}_{-0.9}^{+1.0}\,\mathrm{keV}$$

13.6

-
0.9

+
1.0

keV

and is mostly kinetic in nature and represents $${98}_{-9}^{+10} \%$$

98

-
9

+
10

%

of the total energy. This kinetic energy is far greater than the value on axis of $${3.7}_{-0.5}^{+0.4}\,\mathrm{keV}$$

3.7

-
0.5

+
0.4

keV

which is $${84}_{-14}^{+15} \%$$

84

-
14

+
15

%

of the total energy. Energy transfer to the electrons and radiation losses are found to be negligible by this time. A possible explanation for this energy imbalance is the presence of an azimuthal magnetic field larger than $$\sim 4.7\,\mathrm{T}$$

∼
4.7

T

that deflect the ions vertically. The uncertainties quoted represent 68% credible intervals.
30-min decayless kink oscillations in a very long bundle of solar coronal plasma loops
Authors: Zhong Sihui , Nakariakov Valery M. , Miao Yuhu , Fu Libo , Yuan Ding 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe energy balance in the corona of the Sun is the key to the long-standing coronal heating dilemma, which could be potentially revealed by observational studies of decayless kink oscillations of coronal plasma loops. A bundle of very long off-limb coronal loops with the length of $$736\pm 80$$

736
±
80

Mm and a lifetime of about 2 days are found to exhibit decayless kink oscillations. The oscillations are observed for several hours. The oscillation amplitude is measured at 0.3–0.5 Mm, and the period at 28–33 min. The existence of 30-min periodicity of decayless kink oscillations indicates that the mechanism compensating the wave damping is still valid in such a massive plasma structure. It provides important evidence for the non-resonant origin of decayless kink oscillations with 2–6 min periods, i.e., the lack of their link with the leakage of photospheric and chromospheric oscillations into the corona and the likely role of the broadband energy sources. Magnetohydrodynamic seismology based on the reported detection of the kink oscillation, with the assistance of the differential emission measure analysis and a background coronal model provides us with a comprehensive set of plasma and magnetic field diagnostics, which is of interest as input parameters of space weather models.
Three-dimensional wormhole with cosmic string effects on eigenvalue solution of non-relativistic quantum particles
Authors: Ahmed Faizuddin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we explore the quantum system of non-relativistic particles in a unique scenario: a circularly symmetric and static three-dimensional wormhole space-time accompanied by cosmic strings. We focus on a specific case where the redshift function $$\varPhi (r)$$

Φ
(
r
)

to be zero and defining the shape function as $$A(r)=\frac{b}{r^2}$$

A

(
r
)

=

b

r
2

. After establishing this background space-time, we investigate the behavior of a harmonic oscillator within the same wormhole context. By doing so, we observe the effects of the cosmic string and wormhole throat radius on the eigenvalue solution of the oscillator’s eigenvalue problem. The primary finding is that these cosmic features lead to modifications in the energy spectrum and wave functions of the system, breaking the degeneracy of energy levels that would typically be present in a more conventional setting. As a particular case, we present the specific energy level $$E_{1,\ell }$$

E

1
,
ℓ

and the corresponding wave function $$\psi _{1,\ell }$$

ψ

1
,
ℓ

, which are associated with the ground state of the quantum system. These results highlight the fascinating and unique properties of the harmonic oscillator in the background of a circularly symmetric, static wormhole space-time with cosmic strings.
Green innovation efficiency and multiple paths of urban sustainable development in China: multi-configuration analysis based on urban innovation ecosystem
Authors: Guo Jinguang , Fu Yu , Sun Xuefu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEnhancing the effectiveness of urban green innovation is a powerful strategy for advancing urban sustainability. A strong urban innovation ecosystem is a crucial building block for advancing urban green innovation’s effectiveness. We use the fsQCA method to investigate the pathways and models of innovation ecosystems to promote the green innovation efficiency of cities from a histological perspective, using 71 innovative cities in China as cases. This method is based on the DEA-SBM model to measure the green innovation efficiency of cities and the Necessary Conditions Analysis. According to our analysis, individual innovation factors are not required to increase urban green innovation efficiency. But cities with good openness can attract creative forces and foster open innovation, which is essential for producing high levels of green innovation efficiency in cities. The innovation subject-balanced development model, the innovation environment-innovation asset dual drive model, and the innovation subject-open drive model have all been identified as additional models to support urban innovation efficiency. Finally, we discovered that it is not possible to increase the efficiency of green innovation in the city when each innovation factor in the city is performing poorly, and when there is also a lack of innovation subject and system openness. This study attempts to offer fresh theoretical angles and a variety of urban low-carbon development pathways.
Mutations in DARS2 result in global dysregulation of mRNA metabolism and splicing
Authors: Guang S. , O’Brien B. M. , Fine A. S. , Ying M. , Fatemi A. , Nemeth C. L. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLeukoencephalopathy with brainstem and spinal cord involvement and lactate elevation (LBSL) is a rare neurological disorder caused by the mutations in the DARS2 gene, which encodes the mitochondrial aspartyl-tRNA synthetase. The objective of this study was to understand the impact of DARS2 mutations on cell processes through evaluation of LBSL patient stem cell derived cerebral organoids and neurons. We generated human cerebral organoids (hCOs) from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) of seven LBSL patients and three healthy controls using an unguided protocol. Single cells from 70-day-old hCOs were subjected to SMART-seq2 sequencing and bioinformatic analysis to acquire high-resolution gene and transcript expression datasets. Global gene expression analysis demonstrated dysregulation of a number of genes involved in mRNA metabolism and splicing processes within LBSL hCOs. Importantly, there were distinct and divergent gene expression profiles based on the nature of the DARS2 mutation. At the transcript level, pervasive differential transcript usage and differential spliced exon events that are involved in protein translation and metabolism were identified in LBSL hCOs. Single-cell analysis of DARS2 (exon 3) showed that some LBSL cells exclusively express transcripts lacking exon 3, indicating that not all LBSL cells can benefit from the “leaky” nature common to splice site mutations. At the gene- and transcript-level, we uncovered that dysregulated RNA splicing, protein translation and metabolism may underlie at least some of the pathophysiological mechanisms in LBSL. To confirm hCO findings, iPSC-derived neurons (iNs) were generated by overexpressing Neurogenin 2 using lentiviral vector to study neuronal growth, splicing of DARS2 exon 3 and DARS2 protein expression. Live cell imaging revealed neuronal growth defects of LBSL iNs, which was consistent with the finding of downregulated expression of genes related to neuronal differentiation in LBSL hCOs. DARS2 protein was downregulated in iNs compared to iPSCs, caused by increased exclusion of exon 3. The scope and complexity of our data imply that DARS2 is potentially involved in transcription regulation beyond its canonical role of aminoacylation. Nevertheless, our work highlights transcript-level dysregulation as a critical, and relatively unexplored, mechanism linking genetic data with neurodegenerative disorders.
Examining the impact of cue similarity and fear learning on perceptual tuning
Authors: Zaman Jonas , Yu Kenny , Andreatta Marta , Wieser Matthias J. , Stegmann Yannik 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPast research on the effects of associative aversive learning on discrimination acuity has shown mixed results, including increases, decreases, and no changes in discrimination ability. An animal study found that the type of learning experience determined the direction and extent of learning-induced changes. The current preregistered web-based study aimed to translate these findings to humans. Experiment 1 (N = 245) compared changes in stimulus discrimination between simple learning (only one oriented grating cue), coarse differential conditioning (physically distinct cues), and fine differential conditioning (physically similar cues) as well as to their three respective control groups. The discrimination task consisted of a two-alternative-forced-choice task with oriented grating stimuli. During learning, a specific orientation was paired with unpleasant pictures. Our analysis using generative modeling demonstrated weak to moderate evidence that aversive learning did not alter discrimination acuity in any of the groups. In a follow-up experiment (N = 121), we replicated these findings despite successful learning trajectories in all three groups and a more detailed assessment of discrimination acuity. Contrary to prior assumptions, our findings indicate that aversive learning does not enhance perceptual discrimination, and the presence of additional safety cues does not appear to moderate this effect.
Influence of the duration of type 2 diabetes mellitus on colorectal cancer outcomes
Authors: Herold Magdolna , Szasz Attila Marcell , Szentmartoni Gyongyver , Martinek Emoke , Madar-Dank Viktor , Barna Andras Jozsef , Mohacsi Reka , Somogyi Aniko , Dank Magdolna , Herold Zoltan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a progressive disease, which affects colorectal cancer (CRC) survival. However, data on the relationship between CRC survival and T2DM duration is scarce and controversial. A retrospective observational study was conducted. Sub-cohorts were created based on the duration of T2DM as follows, ≤ or > 5/10/15/20 years. 204 of the 817 (24.95%) included study participants had T2DM at any point of CRC. 160 of the 204 CRC + T2DM patients had detailed T2DM duration data. At the time of CRC diagnosis, 85, 50, 31, and 11 patients had T2DM for > 5/10/15/20 years, respectively, which increased to 110, 71, 45, and 17 during the course of the study. Despite constant glycated hemoglobin values throughout the study, shorter overall and disease-specific survival times were observed for the > 5/10/15 years cohorts and longitudinal survival modeling techniques confirmed the significant effect of T2DM duration in all cohorts. While in the first 3 years after CRC diagnosis, the best survival was found for the ≤ 5 years cohort, all diabetes cohorts had the same survival thereafter. T2DM duration affected CRC survival significantly, therefore, a closer follow-up of this sub-populations is suggested.
Essential genes Ptgs2, Tlr4, and Ccr2 regulate neuro-inflammation during the acute phase of cerebral ischemic in mice
Authors: Jiang Hongxiang , Sun Zhiqiang , Zhu Xiwei , Li Fei , Chen Qianxue 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIschemic stroke (IS) is associated with changes in gene expression patterns in the ischemic penumbra and extensive neurovascular inflammation. However, the key molecules related to the inflammatory response in the acute phase of IS remain unclear. To address this knowledge gap, conducted a study using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) on two gene expression profiles, GSE58720 and GSE202659, downloaded from the GEO database. We screened differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using GEO2R and analyzed 170 differentially expressed intersection genes for Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment and Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. We also used Metascape, DAVID, STRING, Cytoscape, and TargetScan to identify candidate miRNAs and genes. The targeted genes and miRNA molecule were clarified using the mice middle cerebral artery occlusion-reperfusion (MCAO/R) model. Our findings revealed that 170 genes were correlated with cytokine production and inflammatory cell activation, as determined by GO and KEGG analyses. Cluster analysis identified 11 hub genes highly associated with neuroinflammation: Ccl7, Tnf, Ccl4, Timp1, Ccl3, Ccr1, Sele, Ccr2, Tlr4, Ptgs2, and Il6. TargetScan results suggested that Ptgs2, Tlr4, and Ccr2 might be regulated by miR-202-3p. In the MCAO/R model, the level of miR-202-3p decreased, while the levels of Ptgs2, Tlr4, and Ccr2 increased compared to the sham group. Knockdown of miR-202-3p exacerbated ischemic reperfusion injury (IRI) through neuroinflammation both in vivo and in vitro. Our study also demonstrated that mRNA and protein levels of Ptgs2, Tlr4, and Ccr2 increased in the MCAO/R model with miR-202-3p knockdown. These findings suggest that differentially expressed genes, including Ptgs2, Tlr4, and Ccr2 may play crucial roles in the neuroinflammation of IS, and their expression may be negatively regulated by miR-202-3p. Our study provides new insights into the regulation of neuroinflammation in IS.
Patterns of attention deficit in relapsing and progressive phenotypes of multiple sclerosis
Authors: Tabibian Farinaz , Azimzadeh Kiarash , Shaygannejad Vahid , Ashtari Fereshteh , Adibi Iman , Sanayei Mehdi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBehavioral aspects and underlying pathology of attention deficit in multiple sclerosis (MS) remain unknown. This study aimed to clarify impairment of attention and its relationship with MS-related fatigue. Thirty-four relapse-remitting MS (RRMS), 35 secondary-progressive MS (SPMS) and 45 healthy controls (HC) were included. Results of psychophysics tasks (attention network test (ANT) and Posner spatial cueing test) and fatigue assessments (visual analogue scale and modified fatigue impact scale (MFIS)) were compared between groups. In ANT, attentional network effects were not different between MS phenotypes and HC. In Posner task, RRMS or SPMS patients did not benefit from valid cues unlike HC. RRMS and SPMS patients had less gain in exogenous trials with 62.5 ms cue-target interval time (CTIT) and endogenous trials with 250 ms CTIT, respectively. Total MFIS was the predictor of gain in 250 ms endogenous blocks and cognitive MFIS predicted orienting attentional effect. Executive attentional effect in RRMS patients with shorter disease duration and orienting attentional effect in longer diagnosed SPMS were correlated with MFIS scores. The pattern of attention deficit in MS differs between phenotypes. Exogenous attention is impaired in RRMS patients while SPMS patients have deficit in endogenous attention. Fatigue trait predicts impairment of endogenous and orienting attention in MS.
Synthesis of valuable benzenoid aromatics from bioderived feedstock
Authors: Zheng Shasha , Wei Zhihong , Wozniak Bartosz , Kallmeier Fabian , Baráth Eszter , Jiao Haijun , Tin Sergey , de Vries Johannes G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAromatic chemicals play indispensable roles in our daily lives, having broad applications in household goods, textiles, healthcare, electronics and automotive, but their production currently relies on fossil resources that have heavy environmental burdens. Synthesis of aromatic chemicals from bio-based resources would be a viable approach to improve their sustainability. However, very few methods are available for achieving this goal. Here we present a strategy to synthesize aromatics from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), an organic compound derived from sugars under mild conditions. HMF was first converted in two high-yielding steps into 2,5-dioxohexanal (DOH), a novel C6-compound containing three carbonyl groups. Subsequently, acid-catalysed intramolecular aldol condensation of DOH in the presence of secondary amines selectively produced a range of bio-based 4-dialkylamino substituted phenols and 1,4-di-(dialkylamino)benzenes (Wurster’s blue analogues) in 15–88% yields. In the absence of amines, the industrially important hydroquinone was also synthesized from DOH under acidic conditions. Using a similar approach where 4,5-dioxohexanal was the intermediate, we were also able to prepare catechol, a compound with important industrial applications, from HMF. The proposed approach can pave the way for the production of sustainable aromatic chemicals and move their industrial applications closer to achieving a bioeconomy.
An oscillatory mechanism for multi-level storage in short-term memory
Authors: Champion Kathleen P. , Gozel Olivia , Lankow Benjamin S. , Ermentrout G. Bard , Goldman Mark S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOscillatory activity is commonly observed during the maintenance of information in short-term memory, but its role remains unclear. Non-oscillatory models of short-term memory storage are able to encode stimulus identity through their spatial patterns of activity, but are typically limited to either an all-or-none representation of stimulus amplitude or exhibit a biologically implausible exact-tuning condition. Here we demonstrate a simple mechanism by which oscillatory input enables a circuit to generate persistent or sequential activity that encodes information not only in the spatial pattern of activity, but also in the amplitude of activity. This is accomplished through a phase-locking phenomenon that permits many different amplitudes of persistent activity to be stored without requiring exact tuning of model parameters. Altogether, this work proposes a class of models for the storage of information in working memory, a potential role for brain oscillations, and a dynamical mechanism for maintaining multi-stable neural representations.
Realization of Wilson fermions in topolectrical circuits
Authors: Yang Huanhuan , Song Lingling , Cao Yunshan , Yan Peng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Wilson fermion (WF) is a fundamental particle in the theory of quantum chromodynamics. Theoretical calculations have shown that the WF with a half skyrmion profile represents a quantum anomalous semimetal phase supporting a chiral edge current, but the experimental evidence is still lacking. In this work, we report a direct observation of the WF in circuit systems. We find that WFs manifest as topological spin textures analogous to the half skyrmion, half-skyrmion pair, and Néel skyrmion structures, depending on their mass. Transformations of different WF states are realized by tuning the electric elements. We further experimentally observe the propagation of chiral edge current along the domain-wall separating two circuits with contrast fractional Chern numbers. Our work provides experimental evidence for WFs in topolectrical circuits. The nontrivial analogy between the WF state and the skyrmionic structure builds an intimate connection between the two burgeoning fields.