bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential plasma protein expression after ingestion of essential amino acid-based dietary supplement verses whey protein in low physical functioning older adults
Authors: Azhar Gohar , Verma Ambika , Zhang Xiaomin , Pangle Amanda , Patyal Pankaj , Zhang Wei , Che Yingni , Coker Karen , Wolfe Robert R. , Wei Jeanne Y. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn a recent randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we were able to demonstrate the superiority of a dietary supplement composed of essential amino acids (EAAs) over whey protein, in older adults with low physical function. In this paper, we describe the comparative plasma protein expression in the same subject groups of EAAs vs whey. The plasma proteomics data was generated using SOMA scan assay. A total of twenty proteins were found to be differentially expressed in both groups with a 1.5-fold change. Notably, five proteins showed a significantly higher fold change expression in the EAA group which included adenylate kinase isoenzyme 1, casein kinase II 2-alpha, Nascent polypeptide-associated complex subunit alpha, peroxiredoxin-1, and peroxiredoxin-6. These five proteins might have played a significant role in providing energy for the improved cardiac and muscle strength of older adults with LPF. On the other hand, fifteen proteins showed slightly lower fold change expression in the EAA group. Some of these 15 proteins regulate metabolism and were found to be associated with inflammation or other comorbidities. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed the association of these proteins with several biological processes. Furthermore, protein–protein interaction network analysis also showed distinct networks between upregulated and downregulated proteins. In conclusion, the important biological roles of the upregulated proteins plus better physical function of participants in the EAAs vs whey group demonstrated that EAAs have the potential to improve muscle strength and physical function in older adults. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03424265 “Nutritional interventions in heart failure.”
Plasma microglial-derived extracellular vesicles are increased in frail patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment and exert a neurotoxic effect
Authors: Visconte C. , Golia M.T. , Fenoglio C. , Serpente M. , Gabrielli M. , Arcaro M. , Sorrentino F. , Busnelli M. , Arighi A. , Fumagalli G. , Rotondo E. , Rossi P. , Arosio B. , Scarpini E. , Verderio C. , Galimberti D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are mediators of cellular communication that can be released by almost all cell types in both physiological and pathological conditions and are present in most biological fluids. Such characteristics make them attractive in the research of biomarkers for age-related pathological conditions. Based on this, the aim of the present study was to examine the changes in EV concentration and size in the context of frailty, a geriatric syndrome associated with a progressive physical and cognitive decline. Specifically, total EVs and neural and microglial-derived EVs (NDVs and MDVs respectively) were investigated in plasma of frail and non-frail controls (CTRL), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects, and in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients. Results provided evidence that AD patients displayed diminished NDV concentration (3.61 × 109± 1.92 × 109vs 7.16 × 109± 4.3 × 109particles/ml) and showed high diagnostic performance. They are able to discriminate between AD and CTRL with an area under the curve of 0.80, a sensitivity of 78.95% and a specificity of 85.7%, considering the cut-off of 5.27 × 109particles/ml. Importantly, we also found that MDV concentration was increased in frail MCI patients compared to CTRL (5.89 × 109± 3.98 × 109vs 3.16 × 109± 3.04 × 109particles/ml,P< 0.05) and showed high neurotoxic effect on neurons. MDV concentration discriminate frail MCI vs non-frail CTRL (AUC = 0.76) with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 70%, considering the cut-off of 2.69 × 109particles/ml. Altogether, these results demonstrated an alteration in NDV and MDV release during cognitive decline, providing important insight into the role of EVs in frailty status.
Aufsuchende Psychotherapie
Authors: Fellöcker Kurt 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungDie vorliegende Arbeit der Zeitschrift für Psychodrama und Soziometrie bezieht sich auf eine umfangreiche Literaturanalyse und ein abgeschlossenes Forschungsprojekt im Erhebungszeitraum 2017–2019 (also vor der Pandemie) mit einem vorrangig qualitativen Zugang. Sie befasst sich mit der konkreten methodischen psychotherapeutischen Arbeit mit vulnerablen Familien in einem aufsuchenden Setting im Rahmen der „Therapeutisch ambulanten Familienbetreuung“ (TAF) in Salzburg und stellt die Frage wie sich die Arbeit mit dem realen sozialen Atom von Klient*innen mit familiären Problemen psychotherapeutisch fördernd gestalten lässt. Beschrieben wird dazu der Wandel der Institution Familie, die sich in statistischen Zahlen zu Formen des Zusammenlebens, aber auch der Kindeswohlgefährdungen zeigt. Die Relevanz von sozialen Netzwerken zur Vermeidung von Störungen und Exklusionsprozessen wird diskutiert und schließlich werden psychodrama-psychotherapeutische Handlungsoptionen für dieses Setting vorgestellt. Der diagnostischen Relevanz des sozialen Atoms, der Bedeutung der Übernahme von Hilfs-Ich-Kompetenz, einer dialogischen Grundhaltung und der Bereitschaft zur personalen Präsenz kommt dabei eine besondere Bedeutung zu. Kernprozess der psychotherapeutischen Betreuung ist die Arbeit an der Aushandlung von Rollenerwartungen zur Herstellung konstruktiver Rollenkonfigurationen. Die Erreichung wichtiger Metaziele wie Inklusion, Verbesserung der Erziehungsfähigkeit, Förderung des Kindeswohls, Vermeidung von Fremdunterbringungen und Reduktion der Elternbelastung wird damit wahrscheinlicher.
Spatial Resilience to Wildfires through the Optimal Deployment of Firefighting Resources: Impact of Topography on Initial Attack Effectiveness
Authors: Sakellariou Stavros , Sfougaris Athanassios , Christopoulou Olga , Tampekis Stergios 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStrongly affected by the escalating impacts of climate change, wildfires have been increasing in frequency and severity around the world. The primary aim of this study was the development of specific territorial measures—estimating the optimal locations of firefighting resources—to enhance the spatial resilience to wildfires in the fire-prone region of Chalkidiki Prefecture in northern Greece. These measures focus on the resistance to wildfires and the adaptation of strategies to wildfire management, based on the estimation of burn probability, including the effect of anthropogenic factors on fire ignition. The proposed location schemes of firefighting resources such as vehicles consider both the susceptibility to fire and the influence of the topography on travel simulation, highlighting the impact of road slope on the initial firefighting attack. The spatial scheme, as well as the number of required firefighting forces is totally differentiated due to slope impact. When we ignore the topography effect, a minimum number of fire vehicles is required to achieve the maximization of coverage (99.2% of the entire study area) giving priority to the most susceptible regions (that is, employing 18 of 24 available fire vehicles). But when we adopt more realistic conditions that integrate the slope effect with travel time, the model finds an optimal solution that requires more resources (that is, employing all 24 available fire vehicles) to maximize the coverage of the most vulnerable regions within 27 min. This process achieves 80% of total coverage. The proposed methodology is characterized by a high degree of flexibility, and provides optimized solutions to decision makers, while considering key factors that greatly affect the effectiveness of the initial firefighting attack.
Exploring the Arena of Work Disability Prevention Model for Stay at Work Factors Among Industrial Workers: A Scoping Review
Authors: Six Dijkstra Marianne Wilhelmina Maria Christina , Bieleman Hendrik J. , Soer Remko , Reneman Michiel F. , Gross Douglas P. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective
The aging workforce influences employability and health of the working population, with new challenges emerging. The focus has shifted from return to work only, to enhancing ability to stay at work. It is unclear whether factors that influence return to work (RTW) also apply to preserving health and helping workers stay at work (SAW). Study objectives were to identify factors contributing to SAW among industrial workers and map identified factors to the Arena of Work Disability Prevention model (WDP-Arena, a commonly used RTW model) to identify agreements and differences.

Methods
Scoping review; eight databases were searched between January 2005- January 2020. Manuscripts with SAW as outcome were included; manuscripts with (early) retirement as outcome were excluded. Factors contributing to SAW were mapped against the components of the WDP-Arena.

Results
Thirteen manuscripts were included. Most results aligned with the WDP-Arena. These were most often related to the Workplace and Personal system. Compared to RTW, in industrial workers fewer factors related to the Legislative and Insurance system or Health Care system were relevant for SAW. Societal/cultural/political context was not studied. Multidimensional factors (workability, vitality at work, balanced workstyle, general health, dietary habits) were related to SAW but did not align with components in the WDP-Arena.

Conclusion
Most factors that determine SAW in industrial workers could be mapped onto the WDP- Arena model. However, new influencing factors were found that could not be mapped because they are multidimensional. The life-course perspective in SAW is more evident than in RTW. Many elements of the Legislative and Insurance system and the Health Care system have not been studied.
Semi-anechoic chamber for electromagnetic compatibility tests of electric propulsion thrusters
Authors: Rover Yannik , Thüringer Rainer , Volkmar Chris , Probst Uwe , Kiefer Felix , Holste Kristof , Klar Peter J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe present work deals with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) investigations in the field of electric propulsion (EP). A semi-anechoic chamber (SAC) was set up to perform EMC tests with thrusters under operating conditions. The facility includes a semi-anechoic room and a vacuum tank. The measurement electronics currently have an upper frequency limit at 18 GHz. Initial measurements were done operating a Pulsed Plasma Thruster (PPT) to familiarize with the electronic systems. The same device under test (DUT) was investigated in a reverberation chamber (RVC) to obtain comparative results which showed good agreement. Furthermore, the anechoic chamber shows satisfactory initial measurement characteristics, which will be further tested and improved in the future. Characteristics such as chamber pressure, base noise show realistic values. The next steps are to perform measurements on radio-frequency ion thrusters (RIT) including peripherals and cabling.
Single-pilot airline operations: Designing the aircraft may be the easy part
Authors: Harris D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFor financial and operational reasons many aircraft manufacturers are working on the development of single-pilot commercial aircraft. It is suggested that cargo operations may commence in the early 2030s followed by passenger flights later that decade. Two technological approaches for the development of single-pilot airliners are being developed either based upon extant technology and operating concepts derived from uninhabited aviation systems and military aircraft, or alternatively based upon high levels of onboard autonomy/automation. This review considers the economic, technological, regulatory (safety) and societal acceptance of the single-pilot airliner, and examines some of the operational challenges that airlines may face. It is suggested that while the technological and safety challenges may be resolved, it is the operational challenges that may determine if the concept is ultimately viable.
A survey of United States adult privacy perspectives and willingness to share real-world data
Authors: Hendricks-Sturrup Rachele M. , Lu Christine Y. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective:
Real-world data privacy is a complex yet underexplored topic. To date, few studies have reported adult perspectives around real-world data privacy and willingness to share real-world data with researchers.

Methods:
Relevant survey items were identified in the literature, adapted and pilot tested among a small convenience sample, and finalized for distribution. The survey was distributed electronically in April 2021 among adults (≥18 years of age) registered in ResearchMatch (www.researchmatch.org). Microsoft Excel was used to assess descriptive statistics across demographical items and four privacy-related items.

Results:
Of 402 completed responses received, half of respondents (∼50%) expressed willingness to share their prescription history data and music streaming data with researchers and unwillingness to share real-world data from several other sources. Most (53–93%) of participants expressed concern with five statements reflecting the sharing and use of their digital data online. Most participants (71–75%) agreed with four statements focused on individual measures taken to protect their personal privacy and disagreed (77–85%) with two statements centered on not being concerned about sharing or 3rd party access to their personal data online.

Conclusions:
Our observations indicate an important yet unmet need to further explore and address real-world data privacy concerns among US adults engaging as prospective research participants.
The Boston Freedom Schools as Places of Possibility for Reciprocal Integrated Education
Authors: Napier Alyssa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn 1963 and 1964, organizers in Boston held Freedom Stay-Outs—one-day school boycotts—to protest the neglect of predominantly Black schools from the Boston School Committee, the governing body of the Boston Public Schools. Boycotting students attended Freedom Schools, where they learned about Black history and discussed issues facing Black youth. This article examines the 1964 Stay-Out and Freedom Schools as spaces where Black educators, organizers, parents, and students developed and enacted a vision of integrated education distinct from the dominant models of integration proposed in Boston and across the nation post-Brown v. Board (1954). The 1964 Freedom Schools modeled reciprocal integration, a vision for integrated education that promotes bidirectional physical and cultural movement, rather than the dominant model of integration that moved Black children into white schools to be taught white history and culture. Reciprocal integration was developed through Black parents’ and students’ educational testimony, the Stay-Out organizers’ own educational analysis, and the practical necessity of interracial organizing.
School and Community in the All-Day Neighborhood Schools of New York City, 1936-1971
Authors: Klepper Rachel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article explores the All-Day Neighborhood Schools (ADNS) program, operated as a partnership between the New York City Board of Education and local philanthropists from 1936 to 1971. Designed to expand the resources available to children and parents, the program included after-school activities, additional teachers, professional development, social workers, and parent engagement at fourteen public elementary schools across the city. Through a study of two program sites, I examine how this public-private partnership functioned, and trace changes in the motivations of its leadership, from a focus on recreation and democracy during World War II, to juvenile delinquency prevention, to compensatory education. I argue that ADNS's ability to transform public schooling in New York City was limited by its separation from the rest of the school system, which came about through its dependance on outside philanthropy and its consistent formulation as a supplemental program rather than as a fundamental part of children's education.
A blending analysis of metaphors and metonymies used to depict the deal of the century by Jordanian cartoonists
Authors: Zibin Aseel , Altakhaineh Abdel Rahman Mitib 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study analyzes 30 cartoons depictingtheDeal of theCenturyas envisaged by two Jordanian cartoonists. Conceptual Blending Theory (Fauconnier and Turner [2008,Cambridge handbook of metaphor and thought, Cambridge University Press, 53–66]) and Multimodal Metaphor Theory (Forceville, 2008) are adopted as theoretical frameworks. The results reveal that the target domaintheDeal of theCenturywas conceptualized mainly through layered metaphors that have metonymic basis and event metaphors/allegories. Five groups were identified:objector a situation involvingobjects, situations involvinghumans/hybridsofhumansandobjects, ananimalor situation involvinganimal, hybrids ofweaponsandhumans, and event metaphors used to build a story/allegory. The results demonstrate that the most widely used configuration to construe the metaphors was cross-modal of the type pictorial source–verbal target in line with Lan and Zuo (2016,Metaphor and the Social World6, 20–51). This was probably due to the greater conceptual density and concreteness of visual representation as the target is better captured verbally because of its abstractness. In contrast, the source domains were mainly concrete and thus perceivable pictorially rather than verbally. The study mainly demonstrates the effect that metaphor and metonymy found in political cartoons can have on the perception of the target domain by the audience and by extension their attitude toward it.
Conceptual Replication of Four Key Findings about Factual Corrections and Misinformation during the 2020 US Election: Evidence from Panel-Survey Experiments
Authors: Coppock Alexander , Gross Kimberly , Porter Ethan , Thorson Emily , Wood Thomas J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn the final two months of the 2020 US election, we conducted eight panel experiments to evaluate the immediate and medium-term effects of misinformation and factual corrections. Our results corroborate four sets of existing findings: fact-checks reliably improve factual accuracy, while misinformation degrades it; effects of fact-checks on belief accuracy endure, though they fade with time; effects on attitudes are minuscule; and there are important partisan asymmetries. We also offer one new empirical finding suggesting that effect heterogeneities by personality type and cognitive style may reflect attention paid to treatments. Our study confirms that the fundamental push and pull of misinformation and factual corrections on political beliefs holds even in electoral settings as saturated with mistruths as the 2020 US election.
Socioeconomic and ethnic inequalities in incidence and severity of enteric fever in England 2015–2019: analysis of a national enhanced surveillance system
Authors: Buczkowska Matylda , Jenkins Claire , Hawker Jeremy , Hungerford Daniel , Katwa Parisha , Kirkbride Hilary , Byrne Lisa 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
There is limited research on whether inequalities exist among individuals from different ethnicities and deprivation status among enteric fever cases. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between the enteric fever incidence rates, ethnicity and deprivation for enteric fever cases in England. Additionally, it was assessed if ethnicity and deprivation were associated with symptom severity, hospital admission and absence from school/work using logistic regression models. Incidence rates were higher in the two most deprived index of multiple deprivation quintiles and those of Pakistani ethnicity (9.89, 95% CI 9.08–10.75) followed by Indian (7.81, 95% CI 7.18–8.49) and Bangladeshi (5.68, 95% CI 4.74–6.76) groups: the incidence rate in the White group was 0.07 (95% CI 0.06–0.08). Individuals representing Pakistani (3.00, 95% CI 1.66–5.43), Indian (2.05, 95% CI 1.18–3.54) and Other/Other Asian (3.51, 95% CI 1.52–8.14) ethnicities had significantly higher odds of hospital admission than individuals representing White (British/Other) ethnicity, although all three groups had statistically significantly lower symptom severity scores. Our results show that there are significant ethnic and socioeconomic inequalities in enteric fever incidence that should inform prevention and treatment strategies. Targeted, community-specific public health interventions are needed to impact on overall burden.
Pulmonary vasodilator therapies in pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with CHD: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Yasuhara Jun , Watanabe Kae , Watanabe Atsuyuki , Shirasu Takuro , Matsuzaki Yuichi , Watanabe Hirofumi , Takagi Hisato , Sumitomo Naokata , Kuno Toshiki 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe optimal treatment strategy using pulmonary vasodilators in pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with CHD (PAH-CHD) remains controversial. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of pulmonary vasodilators in PAH-CHD. PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched through May 2022 and a network meta-analysis was conducted. The primary outcomes were mean difference of changes in 6-minute walk distance, NYHA functional class, and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide. The secondary outcomes included pulmonary vascular resistance, mean pulmonary arterial pressure, and resting oxygen saturation. We identified 14 studies, yielding 807 patients with PAH-CHD. Bosentan and sildenafil were associated with a significant increase in 6-minute walk distance from baseline compared with placebo (MD 48.92 m, 95% CI 0.32 to 97.55 and MD 59.70 m, 95% CI 0.88 to 118.53, respectively). Bosentan, sildenafil, and combination of bosentan and sildenafil were associated with significant improvement in NYHA functional class compared with placebo (MD −0.33, 95% CI −0.51 to −0.14, MD −0.58, 95% CI −0.75 to −0.22 and MD −0.62, 95% CI −0.92 to −0.31, respectively). Bosentan and sildenafil were also associated with significant improvements in secondary outcomes. These findings were largely confirmed in the subgroup analysis. Various adverse events were reported; however, serious adverse event rates were relatively low (4.8–8.7%), including right heart failure, acute kidney injury, respiratory failure, hypotension, and discontinuation of pulmonary vasodilators. In conclusion, bosentan and sildenafil were the most effective in improving prognostic risk factor such as 6-minute walk distance and NYHA class. Overall, pulmonary vasodilators were well tolerated in PAH-CHD.