bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benefit–Cost Analysis of Increased Trade: An Order-of-Magnitude Estimate of the Benefit–Cost Ratio
Authors: Feyrer James , Tyazhelnikov Vladimir , Aleman-Castilla Benjamin , Wong Brad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDrawing upon recent studies that empirically estimate both the benefits and costs of trade, this paper addresses a simple and important question: By how much do the benefits of increased global trade outweigh the costs? To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to answer this question at global and World Bank income-grouping levels using empirically estimated relationships from the trade cost literature. Using a structural gravity model, we simulate changes in three primary trade constraints: a 10% reduction in tariff levels, a 10% reduction in effective distance, and a 10% increase in free trade agreement depth. The projection leads to a roughly 5% increase in global trade by value. Our model suggests that increased trade has an incredibly high benefit–cost ratio (BCR) for the developing world with an order-of-magnitude estimate for low- and lower–middle-income countries of 100 and for upper–middle-income countries of 50. However, the BCR for high-income countries is substantially lower, with a value closer to 5. Overall, the results suggest that free trade leads to substantial net benefits globally, generating US$ 700 billion in benefits (0.83% of global GDP) and US$ 100 billion in costs (0.12% of global GDP) in the first year, a differential that grows over time. Sensitivity analyses suggest that our BCRs are on the lower end of a plausible range. The results point to the incredible value of free trade, particularly for developing countries, and reiterate the importance of considering distributional impacts when implementing trade reforms.
Exploring Constraints to Well-Being for Older Adults in Transition Into an Assisted Living Home: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Mueller Kaitlin E. , Van Puymbroeck Marieke , Crowe Brandi M. , Davis Nicole J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTransitions into an assisted living home (ALH) are difficult and may impact the well-being of older adults. A thematic analysis guided by grounded theory was employed to better understand how a transition into an ALH influenced older adults’ overall well-being. Individual, face-to-face interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 14 participants at an ALH in the rural, southeastern U.S. Two central findings that influenced well-being during the transition process were revealed: loss of independence (sub-themes include loss of physical and mental health and loss of driving) and downsizing in space and possessions. The themes support and broaden the Hierarchical Leisure Constraints Theory, a Modified Constraints to Wellbeing model is proposed, and implications for older adult health care practitioners in ALHs are recommended. Further research is needed on the Modified Constraints to Wellbeing model and how to better describe these constraints to older adults’ well-being when relocating into ALHs.
Negotiating Nationhood: Constitutional Warfare, International Law, and the Birth of Bangladesh
Authors: Farid Cynthia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper argues the Government in Exile (GIE), the first government of independent Bangladesh, played an important role in framing the founding moment in legal terms. The GIE's constitutional warfare through its adherence to legalism, and subsequent internationalization of the conflict significantly shaped the independence movement of 1971. The GIE was composed of leaders who were lawyers, economists and other intellectuals who sought refuge in neighboring India. The agency of the founders and their allegiance to constitutional principles catalyzed the founding moment, oversaw the transition to an independent state and ultimately led to a swift adoption of a constitution that endures despite much instability. This national struggle of 1971 also played out in the international arena. In the process, lawyers from the so-called Third World articulated, reshaped, and generated new debates about international legal principles such as sovereignty, territoriality, and self-determination (and criterion for legitimacy of exiled governments)—most of which were considered to be well-settled at the time.
Assessing pig farm biosecurity measures for the control of Salmonella on European farms
Authors: Smith Richard P. , May Hannah E. , Burow Elke , Meester Marina , Tobias Tijs J. , Sassu Elena-Lucia , Pavoni Enrico , Di Bartolo Ilaria , Prigge Christopher , Wasyl Dariusz , Zmudzki Jacek , Viltrop Arvo , Nurmoja Imbi , Zoche-Golob Veit , Alborali Giovanni L. , Romantini Romina , Dors Arkadiusz , Krumova-Valcheva Gergana , Koláčková Ivana , Aprea Guiseppe , Daskalov Hristo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Salmonella spp. is a common zoonotic pathogen, causing gastrointestinal infections in people. Pigs and pig meat are a major source of infection. Although farm biosecurity is believed to be important for controlling Salmonella transmission, robust evidence is lacking on which measures are most effective. This study enrolled 250 pig farms across nine European countries. From each farm, 20 pooled faecal samples (or similar information) were collected and analysed for Salmonella presence. Based on the proportion of positive results, farms were categorised as at higher or lower Salmonella risk, and associations with variables from a comprehensive questionnaire investigated. Multivariable analysis indicated that farms were less likely to be in the higher-risk category if they had ‘<400 sows’; used rodent baits close to pig enclosures; isolated stay-behind (sick) pigs; did not answer that the hygiene lock/ anteroom was easy to clean; did not have a full perimeter fence; did apply downtime of at least 3 days between farrowing batches; and had fully slatted flooring in all fattener buildings. A principal components analysis assessed the sources of variation between farms, and correlation between variables. The study results suggest simple control measures that could be prioritised on European pig farms to control Salmonella.
Impacts of a Cascadia Subduction Zone Earthquake on Water Levels and Wetlands of the Lower Columbia River and Estuary
Authors: Brand M. W. , Diefenderfer H. L. , O’Connor J. E. , Borde A. B. , Jay D. A. , Al‐Bahadily A. , McKeon M. , Talke S. A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSubsidence after a subduction zone earthquake can cause major changes in estuarine bathymetry. Here, we quantify the impacts of earthquake‐induced subsidence on hydrodynamics and habitat distributions in a major system, the lower Columbia River Estuary, using a hydrodynamic and habitat model. Model results indicate that coseismic subsidence increases tidal range, with the smallest changes at the coast and a maximum increase of ∼10% in a region of topographic convergence. All modeled scenarios reduce intertidal habitat by 24%–25% and shifts ∼93% of estuarine wetlands to lower‐elevation habitat bands. Incorporating dynamic effects of tidal change from subsidence yields higher estimates of remaining habitat by multiples of 0–3.7, dependent on the habitat type. The persistent tidal change and chronic habitat disturbance after an earthquake poses strong challenges for estuarine management and wetland restoration planning, particularly when coupled with future sea‐level rise effects.
Robust Relationship Between Midlatitudes CAPE and Moist Static Energy Surplus in Present and Future Simulations
Authors: Wang Ziwei , Moyer Elisabeth J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractConvective available potential energy (CAPE), a metric associated with severe weather, is expected to increase with warming, but we have lacked a framework that describes its changes in the populated midlatitudes. In the tropics, theory suggests mean CAPE should rise following the Clausius–Clapeyron (C–C) relationship at ∼6%/K. In the heterogeneous midlatitudes, where the mean change is less relevant, we show that CAPE changes are larger and can be well‐described by a simple framework based on moist static energy surplus, which is robust across climate states. This effect is highly general and holds across both high‐resolution nudged regional simulations and free‐running global climate models. The simplicity of this framework means that complex distributional changes in future CAPE can be well‐captured by a simple scaling of present‐day data using only three parameters.
Isolating and Investigating Updrafts Induced by Wildland Fires Using an Airborne Doppler Lidar During FIREX‐AQ
Authors: Strobach E. J. , Brewer W. A. , Senff C. J. , Baidar S. , McCarty B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the complex dynamical interactions that occur during the evolution of a wildland fire still remains a challenge within the research community. Processes such as entrainment, the incident wind field, the interaction between neighboring updrafts, among other processes, motivates the need for more intensive measurement campaigns to determine the mechanisms responsible for the processes observed as wildland fire updrafts evolve. A recent opportunity to examine processes associated with wildland fires was made possible with a Doppler lidar (DL) mounted on a Twin Otter aircraft to measure horizontal and vertical winds during the 2019 Fire Influence on Regional‐to‐Global Environments and Air Quality campaign. Using the data collected, a technique was developed to isolate updrafts over designated hotspots with the intention of statistically analyzing the updraft samples as well as assessing specific cases that underscore the complex dynamical interactions generated by wildland fire behavior. Strong evidence in support of statistically derived relationships between the updraft characteristics and downdraft extrema at the flanks of updrafts are shown using methods developed herein. In addition to the influence of entrainment/detrainment on the updraft structure are features such as updraft displacement and interacting updrafts that could only be resolved by a high along‐ and cross‐beam resolution DL. Lastly, it was found that a high degree of symmetry between profiles to the left and right of core updrafts was preserved for most of the cases, which validates some of the assumptions typically used in idealized updraft formulations.
Trends in HOMA-IR values among South Korean adolescents from 2007–2010 to 2019–2020: a sex-, age-, and weight status-specific analysis
Authors: Kim Sujin , Song Kyungchul , Lee Myeongseob , Suh Junghwan , Chae Hyun Wook , Kim Ho-Seong , Kwon Ahreum 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background/Objectives
An increase in obesity prevalence may lead to an increase in the HOMA-IR value. This study aimed to investigate changes in age- and sex-specific homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values among South Korean adolescents, using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) IV, V, and VIII conducted between 2007–2010 and 2019–2020.

Subjects/Methods
Overall, 4621 adolescents aged 10–18 years were evaluated, including 3473 from the 2007–2010 dataset and 1148 from the 2019–2020 dataset. The mean HOMA-IR values and percentile curves were evaluated by age, sex, and weight status.

Results
The mean HOMA-IR values peaked at puberty in both sexes and further increased during puberty in the 2019–2020 dataset (boys 5.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 4.16–6.26; girls 5.21, 95% CI 3.09–7.33) compared with the 2007–2010 dataset (boys 3.25, 95% CI 3.04–3.47; girls 3.58, 95% CI 3.31–3.85). Both groups (with normal-weight and overweight/obesity) exhibited a peak HOMA-IR value during puberty in both sexes and both datasets, although the group with overweight/obesity had a higher and wider peak age range. While the mean HOMA-IR values did not change in adolescents with normal-weight, they increased during puberty and post-puberty in boys with overweight/obesity.

Conclusions
HOMA-IR values should be interpreted considering sex, weight status, and pubertal stages. In particular, during the pubertal period, insulin resistance (IR) can coexist not only due to weight-related factors but also as a result of the distinct hormonal changes characteristic of puberty. Over the 10-year period, the mean HOMA-IR values increased in the group with overweight/obesity during puberty and post-puberty, highlighting the need for active intervention to prevent metabolic complications in adolescents with overweight/obesity.
Early-life differences in the gut microbiota composition and functionality of infants at elevated likelihood of developing autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Zuffa Simone , Schimmel Patrick , Gonzalez-Santana Ayoze , Belzer Clara , Knol Jan , Bölte Sven , Falck-Ytter Terje , Forssberg Hans , Swann Jonathan , Diaz Heijtz Rochellys 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEvidence from cross-sectional human studies, and preliminary microbial-based intervention studies, have implicated the microbiota-gut-brain axis in the neurobiology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Using a prospective longitudinal study design, we investigated the developmental profile of the fecal microbiota and metabolome in infants with (n = 16) and without (n = 19) a family history of ASD across the first 36 months of life. In addition, the general developmental levels of infants were evaluated using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning (MSEL) test at 5 and 36 months of age, and with ADOS-2 at 36 months of age. At 5 months of age, infants at elevated-likelihood of ASD (EL) harbored less Bifidobacterium and more Clostridium and Klebsiella species compared to the low-likelihood infants (LL). Untargeted metabolic profiling highlighted that LL infants excreted a greater amount of fecal γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at 5 months, which progressively declined with age. Similar age-dependent patterns were not observed in the EL group, with GABA being consistently low across all timepoints. Integrated microbiome-metabolome analysis showed a positive correlation between GABA and Bifidobacterium species and negative associations with Clostridium species. In vitro experiments supported these observations demonstrating that bifidobacteria can produce GABA while clostridia can consume it. At the behavioral level, there were no significant differences between the EL and LL groups at 5 months. However, at 36 months of age, the EL group had significantly lower MSEL and ADOS-2 scores compared to the LL group. Taken together, the present results reveal early life alterations in gut microbiota composition and functionality in infants at elevated-likelihood of ASD. These changes occur before any behavioral impairments can be detected, supporting a possible role for the gut microbiota in emerging behavioral variability later in life.
MiR-662 is associated with metastatic relapse in early-stage breast cancer and promotes metastasis by stimulating cancer cell stemness
Authors: Puppo Margherita , Valluru Manoj Kumar , Croset Martine , Ceresa Davide , Iuliani Michele , Khan Ashrin , Wicinski Julien , Charafe-Jauffret Emmanuelle , Ginestier Christophe , Pantano Francesco , Ottewell Penelope Dawn , Clézardin Philippe 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Breast cancer (BC) metastasis, which often occurs in bone, contributes substantially to mortality. MicroRNAs play a fundamental role in BC metastasis, although microRNA-regulated mechanisms driving metastasis progression remain poorly understood.

Methods
MiRome analysis in serum from BC patients was performed by TaqMan™ low-density array. MiR-662 was overexpressed following MIMIC-transfection or lentivirus transduction. Animal models were used to investigate the role of miR-662 in BC (bone) metastasis. The effect of miR-662-overexpressing BC cell conditioned medium on osteoclastogenesis was investigated. ALDEFLUOR assays were performed to study BC stemness. RNA-sequencing transcriptomic analysis of miR-662-overexpressing BC cells was performed to evaluate gene expression changes.

Results
High levels of hsa-miR-662 (miR-662) in serum from BC patients, at baseline (time of surgery), were associated with future recurrence in bone. At an early-stage of the metastatic disease, miR-662 could mask the presence of BC metastases in bone by inhibiting the differentiation of bone-resorbing osteoclasts. Nonetheless, metastatic miR-662-overexpressing BC cells then progressed as overt osteolytic metastases thanks to increased stem cell-like traits.

Conclusions
MiR-662 is involved in BC metastasis progression, suggesting it may be used as a prognostic marker to identify BC patients at high risk of metastasis.
Dysregulation of a lncRNA within the TNFRSF10A locus activates cell death pathways
Authors: Kaczynski Tadeusz J. , Husami Nadine J. , Au Elizabeth D. , Farkas Michael H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTNFRSF10A (tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10A)encodes a cell surface receptor protein involved in apoptotic, necroptotic, and inflammatory pathways. Dysregulation ofTNFRSF10Ahas been implicated in sensitization to apoptosis and to the development of multiple diseases, yet little is known of theAC100861.1long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) that lies head-to-head withTNFRSF10A. Given its genomic positioning, we sought to investigate the function ofAC100861.1, focusing on its potential relationship withTNFRSF10Aand the role it may play in death receptor signaling. Using knockdown and overexpression strategies, we probed cell viability and examined transcript and protein-level changes in key genes involved in apoptosis, necroptosis, and inflammation. Decreased cell viability was observed uponTNFRSF10Aoverexpression, regardless of whether the cells were subjected to the chemical stressor tunicamycin. Similarly, overexpression ofAC100861.1led to increased cell death, with a further increase observed under conditions of cellular stress. Knockdown ofTNFRSF10Aincreased cell death only when the cells were stressed, andAC100861.1knockdown exhibited no effect on cell death. Neither knockdown nor overexpression of either of these genes greatly affected the expression of the other. ManipulatingAC100861.1, however, led to marked changes in the expression of genes involved in necroptosis and inflammatory cell-signaling pathways. Additionally, RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (RNA-FISH) revealed that theAC100861.1transcript is localized primarily to the cytoplasm. Together, these data suggest thatAC100861.1may have a role in regulating necroptotic and inflammatory signaling pathways and that this function is separate from changes inTNFRSF10Aexpression. Given the importance of this genomic locus for cell survival, these data provide insight into the function of a poorly understood lncRNA with potential implications regarding disease pathology and treatment.
Liver lipophagy ameliorates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis through extracellular lipid secretion
Authors: Minami Yoshito , Hoshino Atsushi , Higuchi Yusuke , Hamaguchi Masahide , Kaneko Yusaku , Kirita Yuhei , Taminishi Shunta , Nishiji Toshiyuki , Taruno Akiyuki , Fukui Michiaki , Arany Zoltan , Matoba Satoaki 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a progressive disorder with aberrant lipid accumulation and subsequent inflammatory and profibrotic response. Therapeutic efforts at lipid reduction via increasing cytoplasmic lipolysis unfortunately worsens hepatitis due to toxicity of liberated fatty acid. An alternative approach could be lipid reduction through autophagic disposal, i.e., lipophagy. We engineered a synthetic adaptor protein to induce lipophagy, combining a lipid droplet-targeting signal with optimized LC3-interacting domain. Activating hepatocyte lipophagy in vivo strongly mitigated both steatosis and hepatitis in a diet-induced mouse NASH model. Mechanistically, activated lipophagy promoted the excretion of lipid from hepatocytes, thereby suppressing harmful intracellular accumulation of nonesterified fatty acid. A high-content compound screen identified alpelisib and digoxin, clinically-approved compounds, as effective activators of lipophagy. Administration of alpelisib or digoxin in vivo strongly inhibited the transition to steatohepatitis. These data thus identify lipophagy as a promising therapeutic approach to prevent NASH progression.
Functional decomposition of metabolism allows a system-level quantification of fluxes and protein allocation towards specific metabolic functions
Authors: Mori Matteo , Cheng Chuankai , Taylor Brian R. , Okano Hiroyuki , Hwa Terence 
Published: July 2023

AbstractQuantifying the contribution of individual molecular components to complex cellular processes is a grand challenge in systems biology. Here we establish a general theoretical framework (Functional Decomposition of Metabolism, FDM) to quantify the contribution of every metabolic reaction to metabolic functions, e.g. the synthesis of biomass building blocks. FDM allowed for a detailed quantification of the energy and biosynthesis budget for growing Escherichia coli cells. Surprisingly, the ATP generated during the biosynthesis of building blocks from glucose almost balances the demand from protein synthesis, the largest energy expenditure known for growing cells. This leaves the bulk of the energy generated by fermentation and respiration unaccounted for, thus challenging the common notion that energy is a key growth-limiting resource. Moreover, FDM together with proteomics enables the quantification of enzymes contributing towards each metabolic function, allowing for a first-principle formulation of a coarse-grained model of global protein allocation based on the structure of the metabolic network.
Spatial and functional arrangement of Ebola virus polymerase inside phase-separated viral factories
Authors: Fang Jingru , Castillon Guillaume , Phan Sebastien , McArdle Sara , Hariharan Chitra , Adams Aiyana , Ellisman Mark H. , Deniz Ashok A. , Saphire Erica Ollmann 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEbola virus (EBOV) infection induces the formation of membrane-less, cytoplasmic compartments termed viral factories, in which multiple viral proteins gather and coordinate viral transcription, replication, and assembly. Key to viral factory function is the recruitment of EBOV polymerase, a multifunctional machine that mediates transcription and replication of the viral RNA genome. We show that intracellularly reconstituted EBOV viral factories are biomolecular condensates, with composition-dependent internal exchange dynamics that likely facilitates viral replication. Within the viral factory, we found the EBOV polymerase clusters into foci. The distance between these foci increases when viral replication is enabled. In addition to the typical droplet-like viral factories, we report the formation of network-like viral factories during EBOV infection. Unlike droplet-like viral factories, network-like factories are inactive for EBOV nucleocapsid assembly. This unique view of EBOV propagation suggests a form-to-function relationship that describes how physical properties and internal structures of biomolecular condensates influence viral biogenesis.