bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
From Union Networks to Lula Livre: an Analysis of US – Brazil Trade Union Solidarity Movements in the 21st Century
Authors: Silverman Jana , Gacek Stanley 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Brazilian and US labor movements are currently confronting common challenges related to changes in the overall structure and profile of the working class, the elimination of traditional sources of financing, and the weakening of allied political forces in the electoral arena. Considering these joint trajectories, the authors will examine recent efforts by US-based and Brazilian labor movement actors to create spaces for strategic collaborations, two-way learning, and mutual solidarity, to support common political goals and efforts towards union renovation. The article analyzes three contemporary cases of US-Brazil union solidarity networks, in order to better understand how transnational union activism influences national-level outcomes. The authors posit that the success of these forms of activism is dependent on objective limits created by external economic and political conditions, yet in some circumstances non-transactional solidarity is capable of producing unexpected positive outcomes for workers and their union organizations.
Trajectories of care of community-dwelling people living with dementia: a multidimensional state sequence analysis
Authors: Dufour Isabelle , Vedel Isabelle , Courteau Josiane , Quesnel-Vallée Amélie 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The type and level of healthcare services required to address the needs of persons living with dementia fluctuate over disease progression. Thus, their trajectories of care (the sequence of healthcare use over time) may vary significantly. We aimed to (1) propose a typology of trajectories of care among community-dwelling people living with dementia; (2) describe and compare their characteristics according to their respective trajectories; and (3) evaluate the association between trajectories membership, socioeconomic factors, and self-perceived health.

Methods
This is an observational study using the data of the innovative Care Trajectories -Enriched Data (TorSaDE) cohort, a linkage between five waves of the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), and health administrative data from the Quebec provincial health-insurance board. We analyzed data from 690 community-dwelling persons living with dementia who participated in at least one cycle of the CCHS (the date of the last CCHS completion is the index date). Trajectories of care were defined as sequences of healthcare use in the two years preceding the index date, using the following information: 1) Type of care units consulted (Hospitalization, Emergency department, Outpatient clinic, Primary care clinic); 2) Type of healthcare care professionals consulted (Geriatrician/psychiatrist/neurologist, Other specialists, Family physician).

Results
Three distinct types of trajectories describe healthcare use in persons with dementia: 1) low healthcare use (n = 377; 54.6%); 2) high primary care use (n = 154; 22.3%); 3) high overall healthcare use (n = 159; 23.0%). Group 3 membership was associated with living in urban areas, a poorer perceived health status and higher comorbidity.

Conclusion
Further understanding how subgroups of patients use healthcare services over time could help highlight fragility areas in the allocation of care resources and implement best practices, especially in the context of resource shortage.
Age-related differences in upper limb motor performance and intrinsic motivation during a virtual reality task
Authors: Dong Ying , Liu Xiaoyu , Tang Min , Huo Hongqiang , Chen Duo , Du Xin , Wang Jinghui , Tang Zhili , Qiao Xiaofeng , Guo Jieyi , Fan Linyuan , Fan Yubo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
In recent years, virtual reality (VR) has evolved from an alternative to a necessity in older adults for health, medical care, and social interaction. Upper limb (UL) motor skill, is an important ability in manipulating VR systems and represents the brain’s regulation of movements using the UL muscles. In this study, we used a haptic-feedback Virtual Box and Block Test (VBBT) system and an Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) to examine age-related differences in UL motor performance and intrinsic motivation in VR use. The findings will be helpful for the development of VR applications for older adults.

Methods
In total, 48 young and 47 older volunteers participated in our study. The parameters including VBBT score, number of velocity peaks, velocity, grasping force and trajectory length were calculated to represent the task performance, manual dexterity, coordination, perceptive ability and cognitive ability in this study.

Results
Age-related differences could be found in all the parameters (all p <  0.05) in VR use. Regression analysis revealed that the task performance of young adults was predicted by the velocity and trajectory length (R2 = 64.0%), while that of older adults was predicted by the number of velocity peaks (R2 = 65.6%). Additionally, the scores of understandability, relaxation and tiredness were significantly different between the two groups (all p <  0.05). In older adults, the understandability score showed large correlation with the IMI score (|r| = 0.576, p <  0.001). In young adults, the correlation was medium (|r| = 0.342, p = 0.017). No significant correlation was found between the IMI score and VBBT score (|r| = 0.142, p = 0.342) in older adults, while a medium correlation (|r| = 0.342, p = 0.017) was found in young adults.

Conclusions
The findings demonstrated that decreased smoothness in motor skills dominated the poor VR manipulation in older adults. The experience of understandability is important for older adults’ intrinsic motivation in VR use.
Atypical anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome presenting with vomiting as the initial symptom: a case report and literature review
Authors: Deng Jie , Wu Lei , Wei Songqing , Zhang Xiaofo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome is a rare autoimmune neuropathy, and atypical cases are even more rare, only a few cases have been reported. Anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome is difficult in early diagnosis and prone to misdiagnosis. Generally,in children with anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome,extraocular muscle paralysis is the initial symptom. However, anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome with vomiting as the initial symptom followed by abnormal gait has not been reported.

Case presentation
We reported a case of anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome with vomiting as the initial symptom, followed by abnormal gait. One day after vomiting, the child developed abnormal gait, which primarily manifested as a slight tilt of the upper body during walking as well as an opening and swaying of the legs at fast walking paces,then progressively aggravated, and finally he could not stand on his own.In the auxiliary examination, cerebrospinal fluid routine,biochemical and metagenomic Next-Generation Sequencing (DNA and RNA), brain + spinal cord contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),magnetic Resonance angiography (MRA) and diffusion-weighted image (DWI), hip and knee joint ultrasound showed normal results. Anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome was not confirmed until the positive anti-GQ1b IgG antibody was detected in the serum. After treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and glucocorticoid, the child recovered well, and a 3-month outpatient follow-up showed that the child was able to walk normally.

Conclusions
There are no previous reports of anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome with vomiting as the initial symptom, followed by abnormal gait. Therefore, this valuable case contributes to expanding the database of clinical manifestation of anti-GQ1b antibody syndrome, so as to improve pediatricians’ awareness about such rare diseases and reduce misdiagnosis.
Comparison of mucin levels at the ocular surface of visual display terminal users with and without dry eye disease
Authors: Duan Hongyu , Yang Tingting , Zhou Yifan , Ma Baikai , Zhao Lu , Chen Jiawei , Qi Hong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The long-term use of visual display terminals (VDT) is linked to an increased risk of dry eye disease (DED). Numerous studies have indicated that ocular mucins play a vital role in the pathogenesis of DED. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate (1) whether mRNA levels of membrane-associated mucins (MAMs), including MUC1, MUC4, MUC16, and MUC20, as well as MUC5AC are altered in conjunctival cells of VDT users with and without DED and (2) the relationship between mucin levels and subjective and objective tests of DED in VDT users.

Methods
Seventy-nine VDT users were enrolled and divided into DED (n = 53) and control (n = 26) groups. All participants were evaluated for parameters of DED using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, tear breakup time (TBUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS), lissamine green (LG) staining, and tear meniscus height (TMH). Based on the conjunctival impression cytology (CIC) method, differences in MUC1, MUC4, MUC16, MUC20, and MUC5AC mRNA expression levels were observed between the DED and control groups, and between symptomatic and asymptomatic participants.

Results
The DED group showed significantly decreased MUC1, MUC16, and MUC20 expressions (all P < 0.05) compared to the control group. In addition, these mucin levels were lower in subjects with frequent ocular symptoms (foreign body sensation, blurred vision and painful or sore eyes) than in asymptomatic participants (all P < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed that MUC1, MUC16, and MUC20 levels in VDT users were positively correlated with TBUT or TMH, or both. However, no significant relationship was found between MUC4 and MUC5AC levels and the DED parameters.

Conclusion
VDT users with an increased frequency of ocular discomfort or a diagnosis of DED had a decreased MUC1, MUC16 and MUC20 mRNA expression in their conjunctival cells. MAMs deficiency in the conjunctival epithelium may be one of the mechanisms leading to tear film instability and DED in VDT users.
Misreporting of height and weight by primary school children in Japan: a cross-sectional study on individual and environmental determinants
Authors: Mori Sachie , Asakura Keiko , Sasaki Satoshi , Nishiwaki Yuji 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Appropriate body constitution during childhood is important for future health. However, it has been suggested that thinness is increasing among adolescent girls and boys in Japan. Since misreporting of height/weight may be a possible reflection of the child's ideal body image, we investigated the magnitude and direction of height/weight misreporting and its determinants among Japanese young adolescents.

Methods
A total of 1019 children in public primary schools were included in the analysis. Both measured and self-reported values of height/weight were obtained. Misreporting of height/weight was calculated by subtracting the measured value from the self-reported value. The association between misreporting and several variables such as the BMI z-score of individuals and body constitution of surrounding children was explored by multivariate linear mixed models.

Results
As BMI z-score increased, ‘overreporting’ of height by boys and ‘underreporting’ of height by girls became larger (p = 0.06 in boys, p = 0.02 in girls). Both boys and girls with a larger body size tended to underreport their weight (p < 0.01 in boys, p < 0.01 in girls). Boys who belonged to a school with a larger average BMI z-score were more likely to overreport their weight. This tendency was not observed for girls.

Conclusions
Self-reported height/weight was generally accurate in Japanese primary school children. However, even primary school children misreported their height/weight intentionally like adults, possibly due to social pressure to lose weight or that not to stand out. Thus, health education about appropriate body constitution should be provided from the beginning of adolescence, particularly for girls.
Predicting patient-reported outcomes following lumbar spine surgery: development and external validation of multivariable prediction models
Authors: Halicka Monika , Wilby Martin , Duarte Rui , Brown Christopher 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to develop and externally validate prediction models of spinal surgery outcomes based on a retrospective review of a prospective clinical database, uniquely comparing multivariate regression and random forest (machine learning) approaches, and identifying the most important predictors.

Methods
Outcomes were change in back and leg pain intensity and Core Outcome Measures Index (COMI) from baseline to the last available postoperative follow-up (3–24 months), defined as minimal clinically important change (MCID) and continuous change score. Eligible patients underwent lumbar spine surgery for degenerative pathology between 2011 and 2021. Data were split by surgery date into development (N = 2691) and validation (N = 1616) sets for temporal external validation. Multivariate logistic and linear regression, and random forest classification and regression models, were fit to the development data and validated on the external data.

Results
All models demonstrated good calibration in the validation data. Discrimination ability (area under the curve) for MCID ranged from 0.63 (COMI) to 0.72 (back pain) in regression, and from 0.62 (COMI) to 0.68 (back pain) in random forests. The explained variation in continuous change scores spanned 16%-28% in linear, and 15%-25% in random forests regression. The most important predictors included age, baseline scores on the respective outcome measures, type of degenerative pathology, previous spinal surgeries, smoking status, morbidity, and duration of hospital stay.

Conclusions
The developed models appear robust and generalisable across different outcomes and modelling approaches but produced only borderline acceptable discrimination ability, suggesting the need to assess further prognostic factors. External validation showed no advantage of the random forest approach.
Evaluation of the sarcopenia quality of life (SarQoL) questionnaire in community dwelling outpatient postmenopausal hungarian women
Authors: Pap Zoltán , Kalabiska Irina , Balogh Ádám , Bhattoa Harjit Pal 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia is defined as an age-related progressive and systemic loss of muscle mass and function. World Health Organization (WHO) definition of health-related quality of life (QoL) states that health is considered “a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”, and a decline in QoL is anticipated in individuals with sarcopenia. Beaudart et al. framed the concept of defining QoL in patients suffering from sarcopenia (SarQoL) based on fundamental procedures of QoL questionnaire development, expert recommendations and studies. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the discriminative power, internal consistency and floor and ceiling effects using data available from a sarcopenia study published recently, where the Hungarian version of the SarQoL questionnaire was also administered.

Methods
In this cross-sectional study, data from SarQoL questionnaire administered to a postmenopausal sarcopenia study cohort (n = 100) was scrutinized for evaluation of psychometric properties of the questionnaire. Our verification of the psychometric properties consisted of discriminative power analysis, assessment of internal consistency, and floor and ceiling effects. The homogeneity of the SarQoL questionnaire, i.e., its internal consistency was measured using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. Correlation between the overall and domain SarQoL questionnaire scores and appendicular skeletal muscle mass in sarcopenic individuals was assessed. Furthermore, the difference of SarQoL overall and domain scores between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic patients was also evaluated.

Results
The median (interquartile range (IQR)) overall SarQoL questionnaire score was 81.5 (67.1–91.5). There was a statistically significant lower overall SarQoL score comparing sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic subjects median (IQR): 75.3 (62.1–86.3) vs. 83.7 (71.4–92.1); p = 0.041). The sarcopenic subjects showed a statistically significant (p = 0.021) correlation between the overall SarQoL score and appendicular skeletal muscle mass (Spearman’s ϱ = 0.412). The overall Cronbach’s alpha of 0.937 indicated a high internal consistency of the Hungarian version of the SarQoL questionnaire. No floor or ceiling effects were noted in the overall SarQoL questionnaire score.

Conclusion
In our study on community dwelling outpatient postmenopausal Hungarian women, the overall score of the Hungarian version of the SarQoL questionnaire had significant discriminative power to distinguish between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic patients, had high internal consistency and no floor or ceiling effects.
Kidney cancer with thyroid metastasis combined with thyroid carcinoma, a case report
Authors: Xie Rongli , Tan Dan , Liu Boke , Han Xujie , Jin Xiaoli , Shen Dongjie , Zhou Lei , Shen Jiankang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the endocrine system. There have been some reports on kidney cancer with thyroid metastasis. However, kidney cancer has rarely been detected during thyroid cancer surgery.

Case presentation
We present a rare case of kidney cancer with thyroid metastasis, combined with thyroid carcinoma. A 66-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital in September 2021 due to enlarged left thyroid nodules for two years. The patient was diagnosed with a left thyroid nodule on physical examination in 2012. Extended radical resection of the thyroid cancer was performed. Intraoperatively, two thyroid lesions were identified. Thus, the patient was definitively diagnosed with kidney cancer with thyroid metastasis and papillary thyroid carcinoma. Furthermore, two metastatic nodules due to kidney cancer and one metastatic lymph node lesion due to thyroid cancer were found in the loose connective tissue adjacent to the thyroid.

Conclusions
Kidney cancer with thyroid metastasis and thyroid carcinoma rarely co-occur, and it is difficult to identify the primary tumor. Although clinical examination methods are increasingly updated, the past medical history and physical examination are still very important.
Identifying relevant topics and their competency levels for dental materials science: a fuzzy Delphi study
Authors: Lin Galvin Sim Siang , Pow Kah Jun , Yahya Noor Azlin , Foong Chan Choong , Noorani Tahir Yusuf 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDental materials science is an important core course in undergraduate dental programs which integrates foundational concepts of chemical engineering and materials science into clinical dentistry. The present study aimed to identify relevant dental materials science topics for Malaysian undergraduate dental curricula and to determine their appropriate competency levels in terms of cognitive and psychomotor taxonomies.MethodsPotential dental materials science topics were drafted in alignment with the revised national competency statement. The list of topics was further amended after comparing it with those recommended topics in the literature. Fuzzy Delphi method was applied. Experts were selected based on the different inclusion criteria. They ranked the topics using a five-point Likert scale and recommended the appropriate cognitive and psychomotor levels. Next, fuzzy evaluation was performed. Consensus was deemed for a topic to be included if (a) the average expert agreement was ≥ 75%, (b) the d-construct threshold value for each topic was ≤ 0.2 and (c) the average fuzzy number was ≥ 0.5.ResultsSixty-two experts participated in the study. They accepted 33 out of 36 potential dental materials science topics. The average Likert score and fuzzy number ranged from 3.63 to 4.92 and 0.526 to 0.784, respectively. Furthermore, “Endodontic materials” was ranked as the most significant topic. Meanwhile, many topics required dental students to demonstrate a cognitive level of “Apply” and a psychomotor level of “Guided response”. Based on mean scores, “Impression materials” was rated as the most cognitively demanding topic, whilst “Temporary restorative materials” was the most demanding topic for psychomotor taxonomy.ConclusionThe present study has identified relevant dental materials science topics and their appropriate cognitive and psychomotor levels using the Fuzzy Delphi approach. The findings of the present study form the basis for future studies to develop measurable learning outcomes, design corresponding innovative pedagogy and propose assessment criteria for each topic.
A rapid review of challenges and opportunities related to diversity and inclusion as experienced by early and mid-career academics in the medicine, dentistry and health sciences fields
Authors: Piano Marianne , Diemer Kristin , Hall Michelle , Hui Flora , Kefalianos Elaina , Lawford Belinda J. , McKibbin Gemma , Jarden Rebecca J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Early- and mid-career academics in medicine, dentistry and health sciences are integral to research, education and advancement of clinical professions, yet experience significant illbeing, high attrition and limited advancement opportunities.

Objectives
Identify and synthesise published research investigating challenges and opportunities related to diversity and inclusion, as experienced by early and mid-career academics employed in medicine, dentistry and health sciences disciplines.

Design
Rapid review.

Data sources
OVID Medline, Embase, APA PsycInfo, CINAHL and Scopus.

Methods
We systematically searched for peer reviewed published articles within the last five years, investigating challenges and opportunities related to diversity and inclusion, as experienced by early and mid-career academics employed in medicine, dentistry and health sciences. We screened and appraised articles, then extracted and synthesised data.

Results
Database searches identified 1162 articles, 11 met inclusion criteria. Studies varied in quality, primarily reporting concepts encompassed by professional identity. There were limited findings relating to social identity, with sexual orientation and disability being a particularly notable absence, and few findings relating to inclusion. Job insecurity, limited opportunities for advancement or professional development, and a sense of being undervalued in the workplace were evident for these academics.

Conclusions
Our review identified overlap between academic models of wellbeing and key opportunities to foster inclusion. Challenges to professional identity such as job insecurity can contribute to development of illbeing. Future interventions to improve wellbeing in academia for early- and mid-career academics in these fields should consider addressing their social and professional identity, and foster their inclusion within the academic community.

Registration
Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/SA4HX).