bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Improvement the flame retardancy, thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of silicone rubber via silane coupling agent modified CNTs‐β‐FeOOH
Authors: Xu Wenzong , Zhang Yi , Fan Liangjie , Qin Zhongqiong , Zhang Zhihui , Bian Ziwei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSilicone rubber with its odorless and non‐toxic, high and low temperature resistance and other advantages is widely used in many fields, but its shortcomings of flammability and low thermal conductivity limit its application and development. Therefore, the research on flame retardant and thermal conductive silicone rubber is practically valueable. In this study, iron oxyhydroxide (β‐FeOOH) was synthesized on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) by in situ growth and added to silicone rubber after surface modification with γ‐aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550). The results showed that the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of methyl vinyl silicone rubber (VMQ) with the addition of one part of KH550@CNTs‐β‐FeOOH increased to 29.8%, its peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) decreased by 40.1% and 30.2%, respectively, and its thermal conductivity increased to 0.3680 W/m·k. The flame‐retardant performance and thermal conductivity of the VMQ composite were significantly improved. The improvement of its flame retardancy was mainly due to the catalytic carbonization of CNTs and β‐FeOOH, which promoted the formation of dense carbon layers. The carbon layer insulates the exchange of oxygen and combustible gases. In addition, the thermal conductive network constructed by KH550@CNTs‐β‐FeOOH in the composite effectively improved the thermal conductivity of VMQ.
Acid‐Base Chemistry Provides a Simple and Cost‐Effective Route to New Redox‐Active Ionic Liquids
Authors: Smith Lachlan O. , Crittenden Deborah L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRedox‐active ionic liquids (RAILs) hold great promise as high density electrochemical energy storage materials, but are hampered by high costs and low bulk conductivities. In this work, we introduce and electrochemically characterise novel redox‐active protic ionic liquids (RAPILs) formed by acid‐base neutralisation from cheap and plentiful starting materials. We also demonstrate a novel RAIL‐in‐IL solvent system for electrochemical characterisation of RAPILs, which enables efficient and cost‐effective determination of redox potentials and screening for electrochemical reversibility. Of the redox‐active ionic liquids tested in this work, only propylammonium 4‐nitrophenylacetate demonstrates completely reversible electrochemistry and preservation of ionic character upon redox cycling under acidic or neutral conditions. Propylammonium 2,5‐dihydroxyphenyl‐carboxylate also demonstrates two reversible redox processes, but is unstable to oxidation at 0.27 V vs Ag (−0.14 V vs Fc), most likely forming an uncharged benzoquinone species. Using the lessons learned from this prototypical set of RAPILs, we propose design criteria to guide future experimental and computational work.
Preparation of afterglow and photochromic fibrous mats from polypropylene plastics to detect ultraviolet light
Authors: El‐Hefnawy Mohamed E. , Ismail Ali I. , Orif Mohammed I. , Al‐Goul Soha T. , Elmushyakhi Abraham , Abou Taleb Manal 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPolypropylene textiles have been used in the development of various industrial products, such as automotives, plastic furniture, and medical tools. However, polypropylene resists dyeing due to a deficiency of active staining spots. Here, we developed a new strategy towards new afterglow and photochromic fibres from recycled polypropylene plastics using plasma‐supported coloration with rare‐earth activated aluminate nanoparticles (REANPs). Plasma curing was used to generate active dyeing sites on the polypropylene surface. A thin film of REANPs (2–10 nm) was deposited onto the plasma‐pretreated polypropylene surface. Various analytical techniques were applied to inspect the morphology of the REANP‐finished polypropylene fibres. The polypropylene dyeing activity was much improved after being exposed to plasma. Both photoluminescence analysis and Commission internationale de l’éclairage (CIE) laboratory coordinates proved that the polypropylene fibres exhibited a white colour in daylight and green in ultraviolet light. The thin afterglow layer immobilized onto the polypropylene surface exhibited an emission band of 524 nm upon excitation at 365 nm. The sliding angles dropped from 12° to 9°, but the contacting angles increased from 139.4° to 145.0° when the REANP ratio was raised. These findings show that REANP‐finished polypropylene had good colourfastness, antimicrobial activity, and ultraviolet light blocking. Both stiffness and permeability to air of REANP‐finished polypropylene were explored to designate excellent comfort characteristics.
Virtual differential phase‐contrast and dark‐field imaging of x‐ray absorption images via deep learning
Authors: Ge Xin , Yang Pengfei , Wu Zhao , Luo Chen , Jin Peng , Wang Zhili , Wang Shengxiang , Huang Yongsheng , Niu Tianye 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWeak absorption contrast in biological tissues has hindered x‐ray computed tomography from accessing biological structures. Recently, grating‐based imaging has emerged as a promising solution to biological low‐contrast imaging, providing complementary and previously unavailable structural information of the specimen. Although it has been successfully applied to work with conventional x‐ray sources, grating‐based imaging is time‐consuming and requires a sophisticated experimental setup. In this work, we demonstrate that a deep convolutional neural network trained with a generative adversarial network can directly convert x‐ray absorption images into differential phase‐contrast and dark‐field images that are comparable to those obtained at both a synchrotron beamline and a laboratory facility. By smearing back all of the virtual projections, high‐quality tomographic images of biological test specimens deliver the differential phase‐contrast‐ and dark‐field‐like contrast and quantitative information, broadening the horizon of x‐ray image contrast generation.
Phytochemical Characterization of Cannabis sativa L. Roots from Northeastern Brazil
Authors: Almeida Neto Janaine , Amando Nery Daniel , Simoni Bezerra Lima Katia , Eduarda Gomes da Cruz Silva Maria , Cícero de Lima Araújo Tarcísio , Andrezza Carvalho de Souza Nathália , Hideki Vicente Nishimura Rodolfo , de Souza Araújo Camila , Paula de Oliveira Ana , Roberto Guedes da Silva Almeida Jackson , Araújo Rolim Larissa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article describes the phytochemical study of Cannabis sativa roots from northeastern Brazil. The dried plant material was pulverized and subjected to exhaustive maceration with ethanol at room temperature, obtaining the crude ethanolic extract (Cs‐EEBR). The volatile compounds were analyzed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS), which allowed to identify 22 compounds by comparing the linear retention index (LRI), the similarity index (SI) and the fragmentation pattern of the constituents with the literature. By this technique the major compounds identified were: friedelan‐3‐one and β‐sitosterol. In addition, two fractions were obtained from Cs‐EEBR by classical column chromatography and preparative thin layer chromatography. These fractions were analyzed by NMR and IR and together with the mass spectrometry data allowed to identify the compounds: epifriedelanol, friedelan‐3‐one, β‐sitosterol and stigmasterol. The study contributed to the phytochemical knowledge of Cannabis sativa, specifically the roots, as there are few reports on the chemical constituents of this part of the plant.
A Bioactive Synthetic Outer‐Core Oligosaccharide Derived from a Klebsiella pneumonia Lipopolysaccharide for Bacteria Recognition
Authors: Chen Dushen , Srivastava Akhilesh K. , Dubrochowska Justyna , Liu Lin , Li Tiehai , Hoffmann Joseph P. , Kolls Jay K. , Boons Geert‐Jan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThere is an urgent need for new treatment options for carbapenem‐resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), which is a common cause of life‐threatening hospital‐ and community‐acquired infections. Prophylactic or therapeutic vaccination may offer an approach to control these infections, however, none has yet been approved for human use. Here, we report the chemical synthesis of an outer core tetra‐ and pentasaccharide derived from the lipopolysaccharide of K. pneumoniae. The oligosaccharides were equipped with an aminopentyl linker, which facilitated conjugation to the carrier proteins CRM197 and BSA. Mice immunized with the glycoconjugate vaccine candidates elicited antibodies that recognized isolated LPS as well as various strains of K. pneumoniae. The successful preparation of the oligosaccharides relied on the selection of monosaccharide building blocks equipped with orthogonal hydroxyl and amino protecting groups. It allowed the differentiation of three types of amines of the target compounds and the installation of a crowded 4,5‐branched Kdo moiety.
Facile One‐Pot Synthesis of Polysubstituted Pyridinium Salts by Annulation of Enamines with Alkynes
Authors: Lee Seokwoo , Yoo Hanbin , Park Soojun , Yoon Ran , Kim Sanghee 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAn efficient and facile synthesis of highly substituted pyridinium salts through the annulation of enamines with alkynes is reported herein. A Ag2CO3/HNTf2 synergistically acting catalyst system was developed and used in a condensation reaction between carbonyl substrates and propargylamine to afford structurally diverse pyridinium salts. A mechanistic investigation shows that this one‐pot transformation proceeded via selective 6‐endo‐dig cyclization of the in situ generated propargylenamine and protonolysis of the resulting vinyl–silver intermediate. The reaction conditions are mild, and the substrate scope is broad. During the cyclization, an unusual inversion of the normal reactivity of α,β‐unsaturated carbonyl systems was observed.
Enantioseparation of amino acid and mandelic acid enantiomers using Josiphos‐metal complexes as chiral extractants
Authors: Wang Hou , Yang Yanning , Qin Shuping , Hu Kangyu , Zhong Changyuan , Ouyang Junying , Liu Xiong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe development of new and efficient chiral extractants has always been the research hotspot and difficulty in the field of chiral extraction. Josiphos, a famous ferrocene derivative catalyst, is employed as a chiral extractant in enantioseparation of amino acid and mandelic acid enantiomers. The influences of metal ions, organic solvents, pH of the aqueous solution, extractant concentrations, and extraction temperature on enantioselectivities are systematically studied. The result reveals that Josiphos‐Pd has good capabilities to enantioseparate 4‐nitro‐phenylalanine (Nphe), 3‐chloro‐phenylglycine (Cpheg), and mandelic acid (MA) with separation factors (α) of 3.30, 2.65, and 2.18, respectively. The pH of the aqueous phase and Josiphos‐Pd concentration affect the extraction significantly, whereas extraction temperature shows little influence. After optimizing by response surface method, the mathematical models for extractions are established. And the highest experimental performance factors (pf) for Nphe, Cpheg, and MA are 0.1843, 0.1335, and 0.08884, respectively.
Evaluation of a Low‐Fat Low‐Calorie Meal on the Relative Bioavailability of Trametinib and Dabrafenib: Results From a Randomized, Open‐Label, 2‐Part Study in Healthy Participants
Authors: Tan Eugene Y. , Pazdirkova Marketa , Taylor Amanda J. , Singh Namrata , Iyer Ganesh R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this randomized, open‐label, 2‐part, 2 × 2 crossover, phase 1 study, the effect of a low‐fat low‐calorie (LFLC) meal on the relative bioavailability of a trametinib 2‐mg tablet or dabrafenib 150‐mg capsule was evaluated in healthy participants. Trametinib adjusted geometric mean ratios (90%CI) of fed : fasted for area under the concentration–time curve (AUC) from time 0 to the last quantifiable concentration and AUC from time 0 extrapolated to infinity were 0.76 (0.71–0.82) and 0.82 (0.77–0.88), respectively. For dabrafenib, the adjusted geometric mean ratios of AUC from time 0 to the last quantifiable concentration and AUC from time 0 extrapolated to infinity (90%CI) for fed:fasted were 0.85 (0.79–0.91) and 0.86 (0.80–0.92), respectively. Consumption of an LFLC meal delayed trametinib and dabrafenib absorption, with an increase in time to maximum concentration of ≈15 and ≈30 minutes, respectively, compared to the fasted state. These findings indicate that consumption of an LFLC meal reduced the bioavailability and delayed the absorption of trametinib and dabrafenib, supporting current recommendations to administer both drugs in the fasting state; however, an occasional LFLC meal is unlikely to affect the pharmacokinetics of the drugs once steady state is reached and, by consequence, not likely to alter the overall intended efficacy.
RQAR: Location‐free reliable and QoS‐aware routing protocol for mobile sink underwater wireless sensor networks
Authors: Shahraki Mostafa Ali Babaei , Emadi Sima , Ayatollahitafti Vahid , Mirjalily Ghasem 
Published: January 2023

SummaryUnderwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSNs) have attracted attention from academics and industries due to many applications such as pollution monitoring, military, tsunami warning, and underwater exploration. One of the effective factors in these applications is efficient communication between underwater sensors. But this process is very challenging in UWSNs due to special conditions and underwater harsh environments. Therefore, designing routing protocols for efficient communication between sensors and sink is an important issue in UWSNs. In this context, this paper proposed a location‐free Reliable and QoS‐Aware Routing (RQAR) protocol for mobile sink UWSNs. RQAR designed using Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and does not require the position information of the sensor nodes, which is cumbersome and difficult to obtain. Proposed protocol considers multiple parameters including link quality, hop count, congestion, and residual energy for qos support, and reliable data delivery RQAR also minimizes the effects of hole occurrence by increasing the transmission range as much as possible and ensures communication stability. The simulation results using NS2 showed the superiority of RQAR in improving end‐to‐end delay, packet delivery ratio, and network throughput compared to the previous methods.
Blowin' in the wind: Dispersal of Glossy IbisPlegadis falcinellusin the West Mediterranean basin
Authors: Samraoui Boudjéma , Nedjah Riad , Boucheker Abdennour , Bouzid Abdelhakim , El‐Serehy Hamed A. , Samraoui Farrah 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe movement of organisms is a central process in ecology and evolution, and understanding the selective forces shaping the spatial structure of populations is essential to conservation. Known as a trans‐Saharan migrant capable of long‐distance flights, the Glossy IbisPlegadis falcinellus' dispersal remains poorly known. We started a ringing scheme in 2008, the first of its kind in North Africa, and ringed 1121 fledglings over 10 years, of which 265 (23.6%) were resighted. Circular statistics and finite mixture models of natal dispersal indicated: (1) a strong West/Northwest‐East/Southeast flight orientation; (2) Glossy Ibis colonies from North Africa and Southern Europe (particularly on the Iberian Peninsula) are closely linked through partial exchanges of juvenile and immature birds; (3) unlike birds from Eastern Europe, North African Glossy Ibis disperse to but do not seem to undergo regular round‐trip migration to the Sahel; (4) young adults (>2‐years‐old) have a higher probability of dispersing further than individuals in their first calendar year (<1‐year‐old); and (5) dispersal distance is not influenced by sex or morphometric traits. Together, these results enhance our knowledge of the dispersal and metapopulation dynamics of Glossy Ibis, revealing large‐scale connectivity between the Iberian Peninsula and Algeria, likely driven by the spatial heterogeneity of the landscape in these two regions and the prevailing winds in the Western Mediterranean.
Multi‐locus DNA metabarcoding reveals seasonality of foraging ecology of western spotted skunks in the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Tosa Marie I. , Lesmeister Damon B. , Allen Jennifer M. , Levi Taal 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThere are increasing concerns about the declining population trends of small mammalian carnivores around the world. Their conservation and management are often challenging due to limited knowledge about their ecology and natural history. To address one of these deficiencies for western spotted skunks (Spilogale gracilis), we investigated their diet in the Oregon Cascades of the Pacific Northwest during 2017–2019. We collected 130 spotted skunk scats opportunistically and with detection dog teams and identified prey items using DNA metabarcoding and mechanical sorting. Western spotted skunk diet consisted of invertebrates, such as wasps, millipedes, and gastropods; vertebrates, such as small mammals, amphibians, and birds; and plants, such as Gaultheria, Rubus, and Vaccinium. Diet also consisted of items, such as black‐tailed deer, that were likely scavenged. Comparison in diet by season revealed that spotted skunks consumed more insects during the dry season (June–August), particularly wasps (75% of scats in the dry season), and marginally more mammals during the wet season (September–May). We observed a similar diet in areas with no record of human disturbance and areas with a history of logging at most spatial scales, but scats collected in areas with older forest within a skunk's home range (1‐km buffer) were more likely to contain insects. Western spotted skunks provide food web linkages between aquatic, terrestrial, and arboreal systems and serve functional roles of seed dispersal and scavenging. Due to their diverse diet and prey switching, western spotted skunks may dampen the effects of irruptions of prey, such as wasps, during dry springs and summers. By studying the natural history of western spotted skunks in the Pacific Northwest forests, while they are still abundant, we provide key information necessary to achieve the conservation goal of keeping this common species common.
Benefiting from information‐rich multi‐frequency AC voltammetry coupled with chemometrics on the example of on‐line monitoring of leveler component of electroplating bath
Authors: Jaworski Aleksander , Wikiel Hanna , Wikiel Kazimierz 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSimultaneous application of multiple sinusoidal waveforms perturbations superimposed onto DC staircase step significantly enriches current response. The measured current is characterized by a matrix of data rather than a conventional voltammetric output in a form of a vector. This increase of the dimensionality of the current response and therefore the wealth of analytical information is achieved without compromising the time of analysis. The natural approach for compression of such data and extraction of relevant information is by utilizing multi‐way chemometric decomposition techniques. An electroplating solution presents a very challenging analyte for electroanalysis as its constituents interact synergistically with each other during both the plating process and its simulation during electroanalysis. For some components the mechanism is not entirely understood. Therefore, the only way to benefit from the analytical data is by employing soft modeling. The electrode processes involving additives rely heavily on adsorption and, indirectly, on electron transfer kinetics for which AC voltammetry is an analytical technique capable of delivering informative signals. This paper presents a rigorous universal method for calculating and validating an exemplary multi‐way calibration of a leveler component in a copper electroplating bath used in the semiconductor industry. The method presented employs comparatively Parallel Factor Analysis coupled with Inverse Least Squares Regression and multi‐linear Partial Least Squares. The calibration training set consists of multi‐frequency AC voltammetric data subjected to pretreatments aiming to select informative independent variables and exclude outliers.
DFT study of cobalt based quaternary full‐Heusler compound for spintronics and thermoelectric technologies
Authors: Mohammedi Mohammed , Naceur Younes , Bentouaf Ali , Rached Habib 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe report on a theoretical study of the elastic, thermic and transport properties of the quaternary full Heusler alloy Co2VGa0.25Al0.75 using a full‐potential linearized augmented‐plane wave—method based on Wien2k program. We made this study by the use of three different approximations: the generalized gradient approximations (GGA), within GGA+ Hubbard parameter and the modified Becke–Johnson (mBJ). The calculated band structure (BS) and density of states (DOS) of Co2VGa0.25Al0.75 showed a half‐metallic (mBJ), nearly half‐metallic (GGA) and metallic (GGA + U) behavior. Moreover, the magnetic computed magnetic moments by GGA + U are higher compared to GGA and mBJ results. We studied the thermal properties of Co2VGa0.25Al0.75 compound, through the Debye model. This alloy seem is a good candidate of spintronic devices. Finally, we examined the transport characteristics within Boltzrap function. Moreover, we found significant values of the figure of merit (ZT), which makes our material ideal for thermoelectric power generation.
Reorganization of thalamocortical connections in congenitally blind humans
Authors: Marins Theo F. , Russo Maite , Rodrigues Erika C. , Monteiro Marina , Moll Jorge , Felix Daniel , Bouzas Julia , Arcanjo Helena , Vargas Claudia D. , Tovar‐Moll Fernanda 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCross‐modal plasticity in blind individuals has been reported over the past decades showing that nonvisual information is carried and processed by “visual” brain structures. However, despite multiple efforts, the structural underpinnings of cross‐modal plasticity in congenitally blind individuals remain unclear. We mapped thalamocortical connectivity and assessed the integrity of white matter of 10 congenitally blind individuals and 10 sighted controls. We hypothesized an aberrant thalamocortical pattern of connectivity taking place in the absence of visual stimuli from birth as a potential mechanism of cross‐modal plasticity. In addition to the impaired microstructure of visual white matter bundles, we observed structural connectivity changes between the thalamus and occipital and temporal cortices. Specifically, the thalamic territory dedicated to connections with the occipital cortex was smaller and displayed weaker connectivity in congenitally blind individuals, whereas those connecting with the temporal cortex showed greater volume and increased connectivity. The abnormal pattern of thalamocortical connectivity included the lateral and medial geniculate nuclei and the pulvinar nucleus. For the first time in humans, a remapping of structural thalamocortical connections involving both unimodal and multimodal thalamic nuclei has been demonstrated, shedding light on the possible mechanisms of cross‐modal plasticity in humans. The present findings may help understand the functional adaptations commonly observed in congenitally blind individuals.
Current controversies in feline transfusion medicine
Authors: Adamantos Sophie , Safrany Ben 
Published: January 2023

Background: Blood transfusions have been performed by vets for decades and are increasingly being performed in feline practice; they allow us to treat conditions that would not be possible without this option.Aim of the article: This article discusses findings from recent research that impact on performing transfusion in cats and highlights controversies that should be taken into account when considering blood transfusion.