bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus influences the aggregation pheromones of western flower thrips
Authors: Hussain Sabir , Shah Liaqat , Qambrani Jahansher , Shah Syed Mushtaq Ahmed , Iftikhar Ayesha , Ahmad Sagheer , Khan Khalid Ali 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The male-produced aggregation pheromones of the western flower thrips (WFT), Frankliniella occidentalis(Pergande), are seductive to both female and male conspecifics. In order to increase virus transmission, the Tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus(TSWV) has changed every aspect of its vector behaviour. Prior to this, our findings demonstrated that TSWV changed the mating habits of F. occidentalis. Here, we examined the impact of TSWV on female F. occidentalis pheromone production and sensitivity to male scents. On solid-phase microextraction fibers, headspace volatiles were analysed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The findings revealed that there were three main constituents: (R)-lavandulyl acetate, neryl (S)-2-methylbutanoate, and two additional constituents, n-Hexadecane and n-Heneicosane. However, there were no appreciable differences in the amount of these chemicals produced in the volatiles between the susceptible and resistant strains with TSWV infectious status. Because of their pathogenic character, female predilection for male odours has diminished according to a Y-olfactometer study. The production of pheromones and the behaviour of viruliferous females toward male odours were both affected by TSWV infection, it can be concluded.
A Newly Established Cuproptosis-Related Long Non-Coding RNA Signature for Predicting Prognosis and Immune Microenvironment in Stomach Adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xiao Yaodong , Shi Yiheng , Li Bowen , Zhang Cheng , Fei Sujuan , Zhao Yanchao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Cuproptosis is a form of cell death that is copper-dependent and regulated. It is currently considered as a new direction for future cancer treatment. However, cuproptosis-related long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) in stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) have few reported.
Methods
STAD transcriptomic data, genomic mutation data, and clinical data are downloaded from the TCGA website. First, we screened the cuproptosis-related lncRNAs and randomized STAD patients into training and validation groups. Then, cuproptosis-related lncRNA prognostic signatures were identified and a prognostic model was constructed using least absolute shrinkage selection operator Cox regression and multivariate Cox regression. We explored differences in clinical characteristics, tumor immune microenvironment, and tumor mutational burden between the two groups and assessed the ability of risk scores to predict the benefits of immunotherapy. Finally, we verified the differences in the expression of cuproptosis-related prognostic markers in gastric cancer cell lines and normal gastric epithelial cells by qRT-PCR.
Results
Referring to previous literature, we identified 19 cuproptosis-related genes. Through co-expression analysis, 430 cuproptosis-related lncRNAs were identified. A Cox model revealed and constructed 8 LncRNA prognostic signatures associated with cuproptosis (AC005050.3, AC016394.2, AL606970.1, BX890604.1, C5orf66, HAGLR, LINC01094, TDRKH-AS1). Based on median risk scores, STAD patients were categorized as high-risk or low-risk. Kaplan-Meier survival curves showed statistically significant differences in overall survival between the high- and low-risk groups. The receiver operating characteristic curves and principal component analysis showed that the model had better predictive ability. A nomogram of the predictive power of prognostic markers was also created using multivariate Cox regression. According to the tumor immune microenvironment, some immune cells were highly infiltrated and had a higher ESTIMATE score in the low-risk group. There was a significant difference in tumor mutation burden between groups at high and low risk. qPT-PCR results suggest that 8 LncRNA prognostic signatures are highly expressed in gastric cancer cells.
Conclusion
We identified eight LncRNAs associated with cuproptosis as prognostic signatures in STAD. They may be potential biological markers for predicting the prognosis of STAD patients and evaluating the effect of immunotherapy and drug sensitivity in the future.
What is the impact of moderate/severe osteoarthritis on patients’ lives? Insights from a Greek cohort (PONOS study)
Authors: Savvari Paraskevi , Skiadas Ioannis , Papadakis Stamatios A , Psychogios Vasilis , Argyropoulou Ourania D. , Pastroudis Alexandros P. , Skarpas George A. , Tsoutsanis Athanasios , Garofalakis Andreas , Katsifis Gikas , Boumpas Dimitrios , Menegas Damianos 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Osteoarthritis (OA) represents a leading cause of disability in the general population, with limited data available from the Greek OA patients.
Objectives
To evaluate the impact of moderate to severe symptomatic hip/knee OA that is resistant to, cannot tolerate, or is ineligible for paracetamol and/or NSAIDs and/or opioids.
Methods
A non-interventional, cross-sectional, prospective, epidemiological analysis of data from the medical records of patients with moderate to severe OA, recruited in a single visit from 9 sites in Greece. Outcomes included patients’ demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as patient reported outcome measures: the Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS), the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) and the EuroQol-5-Dimensions 3-levels questionnaire (EQ-5D-3L).
Results
A total of 164 patients were included in the analysis. The majority of participants were females (78.7%), and the mean (SD) age was 70.5 (10.2) years. Presence of comorbidities was reported by 87.2% of patients, with hypertension being the most frequently reported (53.7%), followed by dyslipidemia (31.1%), obesity (24.4%) and diabetes mellitus (23.2%). Paracetamol was the most commonly used analgesic treatment (96%), followed by NSAIDs (systemic) (75%), opioids (50%) and locally applied medications (42.7%). Both hip and knee OA patients showed substantial deterioration in health related QoL and health status as reflected by the HOOS/KOOS (most impaired subscale Function in sport and recreation, followed by Hip- or Knee-related QoL), mean (SD) EQ-5D-3L index score of 0.396 (0.319) and a mean (SE) EQ-VAS score of 52.1 (1.9), respectively.
Conclusion
Our findings confirmed the functional disability and impaired QoL of Greek patients with moderate to severe hip/knee OA, thus emphasizing the need for appropriate intervention to reduce the overall burden of the disease both on patients and on the society.
PM-bound polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in two large-scale petrochemical bases in South China: Spatial variations, sources, and risk assessment
Authors: Li Qiqi , Zeng Yuan , Fan Yun , Fu Siqi , Guan Yufeng , Sun Yuxin , Chen Shejun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) are potential pollutants emitted from the petrochemical industry, whereas their occurrence and sources in petrochemical regions are still poorly known. The present study revealed the spatial variations, compositional profiles, sources and contributions, and health risks of PM-bound PACs in two large-scale petrochemical bases (GDPB and HNBP) in South China. The concentrations of parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were 7.14 ± 3.16 ng/m3 for ∑18PAHs and 0.608 ± 0.294 ng/m3 for the PAHs with molecular weight of 302 amu (MW302 PAHs) in the GDPB base and 2.55 ± 1.26 ng/m3 and 0.189 ± 0.088 ng/m3 in the HNPB base. Oxygenated PAHs (OPAHs) showed comparable concentrations to the parent PAHs in both the bases and nitrated PAHs (NPAHs) had the lowest mean levels (260 pg/m3 and 59.4 pg/m3 in the two regions). Coronene, 2,8-dinitrodibenzothiophene, and dibenzo[a,e]fluoranthene showed remarkably higher contributions to the PAC and can be PAC markers of the petrochemical industry source. Five sources of PACs were identified respectively in both petrochemical bases by the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. The vehicle (and ship) traffic exhaust was the primary source of PACs (contributed 33% to the ∑PACs), and the sources related to the coking of coal and heavy petroleum and refinery exhaust were identified in both bases, with contributions of 10−20%. PACs in GDPB also contributed from secondary atmospheric reactions (17.3%) and the usage of sulfur-containing fuels (20.9%), while the aromatics industry made a significant contribution (20.1%) to the PACs in the HNPB region. The cumulative incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCRs) induced by inhalation of PM-bound PACs in both petrochemical bases were low (10− 8-10− 6). For the sources related to the petrochemical industry, coking activities and the aromatic industry were the significant contributors to the ∑ILCRs in GDPB and HNPB, respectively.
Aurora kinase inhibitors regulate T memory stem cell phenotype in T cell receptor-engineered T cells with prolonged persistence
Authors: Yi Linglu , Ma Yu , Liang Xiao , Linghu Lingjuan , Zheng Gang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Adoptive T cell therapies including T cell receptor-engineered T (TCR-T) cell therapy are limited by poor in-vivo persistence. According to literature, aurora kinase inhibitors elicit glycolysis suppression and fatty acid oxidation enhancement. Less differentiated memory T cells rely more on fatty acid oxidation with better proliferative potency. Therefore, this study aims to determine whether aurora kinase inhibition during TCR-T cell preparation and expansion promote a more long-lived phenotype leading to T cells with increased in vivo persistence and efficacy.
Methods
The study involves preparing TCR-T cells with aurora kinase inhibitors for 7 days with anti-CD3/CD28 beads and IL-2. And the antitumor effects of these TCR-T cells were investigated in vitro and in subcutaneous and metastatic melanoma models.
Results
TCR-T cells cultured with aurora kinase A and B inhibitor generated more effector T cells (~ 79% and ~ 77%) when compared to cells with beads alone (~ 36%) after in-vitro re-stimulation. And aurora kinase B inhibitor-treatment benefits in vivo persistence of TCR-T cells and extends survival in both subcutaneous and metastatic melanoma model. Phenotypic analysis shows an increased percentage of T cells stem cell-like memory properties in terms of aurora kinase inhibition. The stemness of T cells is maintained by delaying proliferation mediated by limitation of mTOR activity.
Conclusion
Taken together, these data suggest that incorporation of aurora kinase inhibitor in TCR-T cells preparation might be a potential method to generate long-live TCR-T cells with potent therapeutic characteristics.
Canopy gaps control litter decomposition and nutrient release in subtropical forests
Authors: Chen Jiajia , Zhu Jing , Wang Ziwei , Xing Cong , Chen Bo , Wang Xuelin , Wei Chensi , Liu Jinfu , He Zhongsheng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAims Forest litter plays a critical role in the nutrient cycle of forest ecosystems, and the changes in the microenvironment brought about by the formation of a canopy gap affect litter decomposition and nutrient release. However, the pathway through which canopy gaps influence litter decomposition and nutrient release remains insufficiently understood, which limits our understanding of the relationship between forest soil material cycling and the environmental heterogeneity of canopy gaps. Methods Here, we collected samples of the leaf and branch litter ofCastanopsis kawakamiinatural forest during decomposition for a whole year, aiming to explore the characteristics of litter mass remaining and nutrient release in canopy gaps and non-gaps. Meanwhile, combined with environmental factors, taxonomic diversity, and soil microbial diversity, we aimed to reveal the primary factors influencing litter decomposition for leaf and branch litter. Results We found that the litter mass remaining of leaves and branches in medium gaps (50–100 m2) was lower than that of other gaps, and the leaf litter decomposition rate was higher than that of branch litter decomposition. Likewise, litter mass remaining, total carbon and nitrogen release, and enrichment were found to be asynchronous. Conclusions We highlight that the environmental heterogeneity caused by gap sizes significantly influenced the soil microbial community activity and taxonomic diversity. Furthermore, the asynchronous nature of taxonomic diversity and soil microbial diversity depending on canopy gap size affected mass remaining and nutrient release for both leaf and branch litter, thus comprehensively influencing litter decomposition and nutrient release in subtropical forests.
The International X-Linked Hypophosphataemia (XLH) Registry: first interim analysis of baseline demographic, genetic and clinical data
Authors: Ariceta Gema , Beck-Nielsen Signe Sparre , Boot Annemieke M , Brandi Maria Luisa , Briot Karine , Collantes Carmen de Lucas , Emma Francesco , Giannini Sandro , Haffner Dieter , Keen Richard , Levtchenko Elena , Mäkitie Outi , Mughal Zulf , Nilsson Ola , Schnabel Dirk , Tripto-Shkolnik Liana , Liu Jonathan , Williams Angela , Wood Sue , Zillikens Carola 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: X-linked hypophosphataemia (XLH) is a rare, hereditary, progressive, renal phosphate-wasting disorder characterized by a pathological increase in FGF23 concentration and activity. Due to its rarity, diagnosis may be delayed, which can adversely affect outcomes. As a chronic disease resulting in progressive accumulation of musculoskeletal manifestations, it is important to understand the natural history of XLH over the patient’s lifetime and the impact of drug treatments and other interventions. This multicentre, international patient registry (International XLH Registry) was established to address the paucity of this data. Here we present the findings of the first interim analysis of the registry.
Results: The International XLH Registry was initiated in August 2017 and includes participants of all ages diagnosed with XLH, regardless of their treatment and management. At the database lock for this first interim analysis (29 March 2021), 579 participants had entered the registry before 30 November 2020 and are included in the analysis (360 children [62.2%], 217 adults [37.5%] and 2 whose ages were not recorded [0.3%]; 64.2% were female). Family history data were available for 319/345 (92.5%) children and 145/187 (77.5%) adults; 62.1% had biological parents affected by XLH. Genetic testing data were available for 341 (94.7%) children and 203 (93.5%) adults; 370/546 (67.8%) had genetic test results; 331/370 (89.5%) had a confirmed PHEX mutation. A notably longer time to diagnosis was observed in adults ≥50 years of age (mean [median] duration 9.4 [2.0] years) versus all adults (3.7 [0.1] years) and children (1.0 [0.2] years). Participants presented with normal weight, shorter length or height and elevated body mass index (approximately −2 and +2 Z-scores, respectively) versus the general population. Clinical histories were collected for 349 participants (239 children and 110 adults). General data trends for prevalence of bone, dental, renal and joint conditions in all participants were aligned with expectations for a typical population of people with XLH.
Conclusion: The data collected within the International XLH Registry, the largest XLH registry to date, provide substantial information to address the paucity of natural history data, starting with demographic, family history, genetic testing, diagnosis, auxology and baseline data on clinical presentation.
Trial registration: Clinical Trials, NCT03193476. Registered 20 June 2017, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03193476
COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in KwaZulu-Natal, the reasons thereof and religion as a factor: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Madaran Khadija , Naidoo Panjasaram 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine is one of the key methods known to control the pandemic. Despite the establishment of multiple vaccines, the virus continues to mutate and spread, resulting in devastating illnesses, while vaccine hesitancy is feared to undermine the vaccines’ efficacy. A recurrent factor in influencing vaccine hesitancy is religion. The aim of this study hence was to ascertain the proportion of vaccine accepting to hesitant individuals in the population, and to determine if religion influenced their behaviours.
Methods
A cross-sectional, descriptive, quantitative study was undertaken using an anonymous, coded questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed online from July to October 2022 to a sample size of 388 adults, residing in KwaZulu-Natal. Data was captured and statistical analysed using SPSS version 28, where frequency, Pearson’s Chi-square and non-parametric tests, were conducted to obtain the results.
Results
A 68.29% response rate was achieved. Although 78.87% of the sample was vaccinated, 31.32% of these participants hesitated before taking the COVID-19 vaccine. Overall, 21.13% refused the vaccine completely. Religious beliefs as a factor for vaccine hesitancy was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.012). The main reason for acceptance is related to the advice given by healthcare professionals (49.4%), which was also the main source of information for all participants (76.6%). The main reason for hesitancy seemed to be the lack of information supplied to the public and, consequently, the lack of trust in manufacturers and leaders.
Conclusion
The study showed that there was a substantial proportion of individuals who accepted the vaccine, compared to those that were hesitant and refused to take it. Religion was a factor that influenced vaccine hesitancy, including misinformation and conspiracy theories. Healthcare professionals appeared to influence the decision to vaccinate.
Saccharide-bearing macromolecules with melanoidin characteristics from Shanxi aged vinegar exert immunoenhancing effects on macrophage RAW264.7 cells
Authors: Wang Min , Zhang Xianglong , Zhang Xiaodong , Quan Bingyan , Wang Zhisong , Bai Xiaoli , Wu Zihang , Meng Yuan , Wei Zixiang , Xia Ting , Zheng Yu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Bioactive macromolecule mining is important for the functional chemome dissection of traditional Chinese vinegar. Here, saccharide-bearing macromolecules in Shanxi aged vinegar (SBMSAV) were isolated, characterized, and their immunomodulatory activity was evaluated. Four sub-fractions were obtained through ethanol precipitation followed by refining and DEAE-650M column chromatography. All sub-fractions had a maximum molecular weight of more than 2,667 kDa, with 10 types of monosaccharides identified. Comparative analysis of these sub-fractions with melanoidins from real food and model systems showed that all four sub-fractions had similarities with both melanoidins in elemental composition, spectral signature, and pyrolytic characteristics. Immunological assays showed that the four sub-fractions significantly improved macrophage cell viability and phagocytic activity, and promoted the secretion of NO, TNF-α, and IL-6. Immunomodulatory mechanism investigation indicated that SBMSAV enhanced aerobic glycolysis in macrophages and were recognized through TLR2, TLR4, MR, SR, and Dectin-1. Additionally, the MyD88/PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway was found to be involved in the activation of macrophages.
Identification of genes and signaling pathways associated with severe COVID-19: high-throughput data analysis with a system virology approach
Authors: Mostafavi Behnam , Forghani-Ramandi Mohammad-Moien , Yaslianifard Somayeh , Alizadeh Mohammad , Dayer Asma , Asgari Zeynab , Mozhgani Sayed‑Hamidreza 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused over six million deaths worldwide so far. COVID-19 has presented a variety of severities and outcomes which is able to damage many different organs. In this study, we aimed to identify factors responsible for severe illness and also alterations caused by the virus in various organs at the molecular level.
First, after preprocessing steps, we chose one mRNA expression profile (GSE164805) for further analysis. Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) were screened with the Limma R package and considered for the PPI network construction. By maximizing co-expression value, we constructed subnetworks and subjected them to the Gene Sets Net Correlation Analysis (GSNCA). Successfully passed clusters were subjected to enrichment analysis.
From 60k genes, 7106, 3151, and 1809 genes were considered as DEGs in normal vs. mild, normal vs. severe, and mild vs. severe comparisons, respectively, with p < 0.05 and |LogFC| > 2 as thresholds. PPI network analysis resulted in 17 modules, and 11 of them successfully passed GSNCA analysis with a P value < 0.05. Enrichment analysis culminated in identifying genes and signaling pathways with possible roles in the establishment of severe disease. We noticed considerable similarities between altered signaling pathways in COVID-19 and various malignancies. In addition, we detected alterations of pathways that can help to explain neurological involvement.
Synthesis and Characterization of MoS 2 Nanoflowers Decorated Amino Cellulose Derivatives: An Innovative Approach for Anticancer Therapeutics
Authors: Nazir Farzana , Khan Areesha , Ashraf Iffat , Lughmani Faiza , Rafiq Bushra , Iqbal Mudassir 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was modified to amino cellulose (AC) derivatives, 6-deoxy-6-hydrazide cellulose, 6-deoxy-6-(N, N-diethyl) amine cellulose, and 6-deoxy-6-diethyltriamine cellulose (C-Hyd, C-DEA, and C-DETA). AC’s were used as supporting material for the MoS2 Nanoflowers (NFs) for the development of nanocomposites as cancer therapeutics. ACs-MoS2 nanocomposites were analyzed by using spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)-EXS, and Zeta potential. MoS2 NF loading, swelling, and degradation rate of ACs-MoS2 nanocomposites have been investigated. ACs-MoS2 nanocomposites were analyzed against four cancer cell lines NIH3T3, B16F10, MDA-MB-231, and MCF-7 cell lines by using presto blue and LIVE/DEAD staining. Cell viability assay and fluorescence microscopy against four cell lines revealed that all AC’s-MoS2 nanocomposites with 5wt% MoS2 showed selective cytotoxicity for cancer cell lines as compared to normal fibroblast cell lines. Our findings revealed that amino cellulose derivatives loaded with MoS2 could be efficient candidates for skin and breast cancer therapy.