bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Aprepitant inhibits the development and metastasis of gallbladder cancer via ROS and MAPK activation
Authors: Cao Xueyan , Yang Yang , Zhou Wei , Wang Yue , Wang Xue , Ge Xianxiu , Wang Fei , Deng Xueting , Miao Lin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Aprepitant, as a neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) antagonist, originally applied for curing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, has been reported to have significant antitumor effect on several malignant tumors. However, the effect of aprepitant on gallbladder cancer (GBC) is not clear yet. This study aimed to investigate the anti-tumor activity of aprepitant on GBC and the potential mechanisms.
Methods: The NK-1R expression of gallbladder cancer cells were examined by immunofluorescence. MTT assay, wound healing and transwell migration assay were applied to detect the effect of aprepitant on cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate. The effects of aprepitant on the expressions of cytokine were examined by real-time quantitative PCR and MAPK activation were detected via immunofluorescence and western blotting. Besides, xenograft model was established to investigate the effect of aprepitant in vivo.
Results: Our results indicated that NK‐1R was markedly expressed in gallbladder cancer cells and aprepitant effectively inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion. Furthermore, the apoptosis, ROS and inflammation response were significantly boosted by aprepitant in GBC. Aprepitant induced NF‐κB p65 nuclear translocationin and increased the expressions of p-P65, p-Akt, p-JNK, p-ERK and p-P38, as well as the mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. Consistently, aprepitant suppressed the growth of GBC in xenograft mice model.
Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that aprepitant could inhibit the development of gallbladder cancer via inducing ROS and MAPK activation, which suggested that aprepitant may become a promising therapeutic drug against GBC.
Probing ground and low-lying excited states for indole derived compounds of potential herbicide action
Authors: Motta Rafael M. , de Souza Gabriel L. C. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In this work, we present a study on a series of the recently synthesized indole derived compounds with herbicidal action. Density functional theory (DFT) and its time-dependent formalism (TD-DFT) were used for investigating ground and excited state properties, respectively. The M06-2X and CAM-B3LYP exchange-correlation functional was used with the aug-cc-pVTZ basis set. Computations were performed in the gas-phase, water, and dimethyl sulfoxide. Solvation was found to play minor effect on the ground state structure of any given compound. On the other hand, solvation was found to cause a decrease in the excitation energies of the lowest-lying excited singlet states of almost all the compounds. More importantly, all the indole derived compounds presented excitation energies that are considerably lower than those determined for their parent molecule. For instance, the lowest-lying excited singlet was probed at 3.45 eV in the case of 6-chloro-8-nitro-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole (compound 15a) versus 5.00 eV for the corresponding state of the indole molecule, both values determined at the TD-DFT/M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ level in water. In addition, compound 15a along with 5-chloro-2,3-dimethyl-7-nitro-1H-indole (15b) presented three excited states (each) that are likely to be accessed (having GOS > 0.1 at the TD-DFT/M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ level of theory in water) among the five respective lowest-lying excited singlets. The existence of various excited states accessible at lower energies may provide competing alternative paths in regards to the chlorophyll-solar radiation interaction, in detrimental manner to the photosynthetic process; an observation in agreement to the previous experimental findings. Frontier orbital analysis suggested electron delocalization (advent from structural modifications) to be responsible for lowering the excitation energies.
Body perception in pregnant women: a qualitative study
Authors: Sohrabi Zahra , Kazemi Ashraf , Farajzadegan Ziba , Janighorban Mojgan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Dramatic body changes in pregnancy cause severe concerns among pregnant women about their appearance. Therefore, this study aimed to explore body perception in pregnant women.
Material and methods: The qualitative study, using the conventional content analysis approach, was conducted on Iranian pregnant women who were in their second or third trimester of pregnancy. Participants were selected through purposeful sampling method. In-depth and semi-structured interviews were held with 18 pregnant women aged 22 to 36 years, using open-ended questions. Sampling was performed until data saturation was reached.
Results: Three main categories were extracted from 18 interviews: (1) “symbols,” with two subcategories, including ‘motherhood’ and ‘vulnerability,’ (2) “feelings toward body changes,” with five subcategories, including ‘negative feelings toward skin changes,’ ‘feeling unfit,’ ‘attention-drawing body shape,’ ‘the ridiculous body shape’ and ‘obesity,’ and (3) “attraction and beauty,” with two subcategories, including ‘sexual attraction’ and ‘facial beauty.’
Conclusion: The results showed that pregnant women’s body perception could be described as maternal feelings and feminine attitudes toward changes during pregnancy compared to mental ideals of facial and body beauty. It is recommended that Iranian women’s body perception during pregnancy be evaluated using this study results and that counseling interventions be implemented for women with negative body perceptions.
Usual Light Touch Osteopathic Treatment Versus Simple Light Touch Without Intent in the Reduction of Infantile Colic Crying Time: A Randomised Controlled Trial
Authors: Carnes Dawn , Bright Philip , Brownhill Kevin , Carroll Karen , Engel Roger , Grace Sandra , Vogel Steven , Vaucher Paul 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: In many countries, it is common for parents to seek osteopathic care for their infants with colic. The aim of this study was to measure the effectiveness of usual light touch osteopathic treatment on crying time for infants with ‘colic’.
Methods: Between September 2019 and July 2021, a superiority, two arm, single blinded (parent) multi-centre, randomised controlled trial, recruited healthy infants between 1 – 69 days of age who excessively cried, fussed, or were distressed and difficult to console. They were recruited by 22 private practice osteopaths in the UK, Australia and Switzerland. Infants were randomly allocated on a 1:1 ratio to either the Test or Control group. The Test intervention consisted of usual light touch osteopathic treatment, whereas the Control intervention consisted of simple light touch to random body locations with no treatment intent. Both groups received best practice advice and guidance. The primary outcome was the daily crying time, reported hourly by parents in a diary, over a two-week period. Secondary outcomes were parenting confidence, global change, satisfaction, and experience of care.
Results: Sixty-six infants were recruited, 32 were allocated to the Test group and 34 to the Control group. All participants received the treatment they were allocated to and blinding was successful. Mean average daily crying time was 124 minutes (SD=69, n=26) in the Test group and 115 minutes (SD=49, n=29) in the Control group. Adjusting for baseline crying time, infant age, prior expectations for osteopathic care, and days within trial, infants in the Test group cried 2.2 minutes more per day than those in the Control group (CI95% -20 to 25 minutes, p=0.849). Parents’ perceptions of global change in symptoms, satisfaction with, and experience of care were high and similar in both groups. There were no serious adverse events related to the treatments or the trial.
Conclusion: Usual light touch osteopathictreatment was not superior to simple light touch without treatment intent. Both interventions had similar effects in reducing crying time in infants with colic. The biomechanical explanatory models and underpinning assumptions about the mechanisms at play during osteopathic light touch care require reconsideration.
Trial registration: ACTRN12620000047998 (22/01/2020)
Optimising the yield from bronchoalveolar lavage on human participants in infectious disease immunology research
Authors: Shaw Jane Alexandra , Meiring Maynard , Allies Devon , Cruywagen Lauren , Fisher Tarryn-Lee , Kasavan Kesheera , Roos Kelly , Botha Stefan Marc , MacDonald Candice , Hiemstra Andriёtte M. , Simon Donald , Rensburg Ilana van , Flinn Marika , Shabangu Ayanda , Kuivaniemi Helena , Tromp Gerard , Malherbe Stephanus T. , Walzl Gerhard , du Plessis Nelita , Consortium) Stellenbosch University Immunology Research Group Bronchoalv 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) is becoming a common procedure for research into infectious disease immunology. Little is known about the clinical factors which influence the main outcomes of the procedure. In research participants who underwent BAL according to guidelines, the BAL volume yield, and cell yield, concentration, viability, pellet colour and differential count were analysed for association with important participant characteristics such as active tuberculosis (TB) disease, TB exposure, HIV infection and recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. In 337 participants, BAL volume and BAL cell count were correlated in those with active TB disease, and current smokers. The right middle lobe yielded the highest volume. BAL cell and volume yields were lower in older participants, who also had more neutrophils. Current smokers yielded lower volumes and higher numbers of all cell types, and usually had a black pellet. Active TB disease was associated with higher cell yields, and higher proportions of granulocytes, but this declined at the end of treatment. HIV infection was associated with lower cell yields and more bloody pellets, and recent SARS-CoV-2 infection with a higher proportion of lymphocytes. These results allow researchers to optimise their participant and end assay selection for projects involving lung immune cells.
Clinical practice guidelines for the antenatal management of dichorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies: a systematic review
Authors: O’Connor Caroline , O’Connor Emily , Leitao Sara , Barrett Shauna , O’Donoghue Keelin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Objective: This review aimed to identify guidelines with recommendations applicable to the antenatal management of dichorionic diamniotic pregnancies within high-income countries, appraise their methodological quality, and discuss the similarities and variability across guidelines.
Method: A systematic literature review of electronic databases was performed. Manual searches of guideline repositories and websites of professional organisations were performed to identify additional guidelines. The protocol for this systematic review was registered on PROSPERO(CRD42021248586, 25 June 2021). AGREE II and AGREE-REX tools were applied to assess the quality of eligible guidelines. A narrative and thematic synthesis described and compared the guidelines and their recommendations.
Results: Twenty-four guidelines were included, from which 483 recommendations were identified across 4 international organisations and 12 countries. Guidelines addressed eight themes and recommendations were classified accordingly: chorionicity and dating (103 recommendations), fetal growth (105 recommendations), termination of pregnancy (12 recommendations), fetal death (13 recommendations), fetal anomalies (65 recommendations), antenatal care (65 recommendations), preterm labour (56 recommendations) and birth (54 recommendations). Guidelines showed significant variability in recommendations, with conflicting recommendations regarding non-invasive preterm testing, definitions surrounding selective fetal growth restriction, screening for preterm labour and the timing of birth. Guidelines lacked a focus on standard antenatal management of DCDA twins, management of discordant fetal anomaly and single fetal demise.
Conclusions: Specific guidance for dichorionic diamniotic twins is overall indistinct and access to guidance regarding the antenatal management of these pregnancies is currently difficult. Management of discordant fetal anomaly or single fetal demise needs greater consideration.
The Role of Context in Perceived Cancer Risk and Self-Efficacy for Preventing Cancer in US Adults in the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Study
Authors: Pichardo Catherine M. , Dwyer Laura A. , Ferrer Rebecca A , Oh April Y 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. It is critical to understand the associations among multilevel determinants of cancer prevention and control behaviors. This study examined the associations of neighborhood factors with cancer- risk perception and cancer prevention self-efficacy
Methods: A cross-sectional analysis including 2,324 US adults from the Midlife Development in the U.S. Wave 3, including data from the MIDUS III Project 1 and the Milwaukee African American Sample. Participants completed surveys of neighborhood environment (perceived quality of neighborhood, built environment conditions, social integration), perceived cancer risk and cancer prevention efficacy.
Results: In models that adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, better perceived neighborhood quality was associated with decreased perceived cancer risk. Perceptions of better neighborhood quality were associated with increased cancer prevention efficacy in models fully adjusted models for sociodemographic characteristics and contextual factors. Better perception of built neighborhood conditions and high social integration were significantly associated with decreased perceived cancer risk and increased cancer prevention efficacy in models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics and contextual factors.
Conclusions: Perceptions of context may play a role in shaping psychosocial factors such as perceived cancer risk and self-efficacy, even after controlling for robust predictors of these perceptions.
Low-dose daylight exposure induces nitric oxide release and maintains cell viability in vitro
Authors: Hazell Gareth , Khazova Marina 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Any potential positive effects conferred via sunlight exposure have to be carefully balanced against carcinogenic effects. Here we provide evidence UK sunlight exposure upregulates the cardio protectant nitric oxide (NO) within in vivo skin cell lines with negligible increases in DNA damage and cell death at 1 SED, when compared against unexposed samples. The whole of the ultraviolet A (UV-A) spectrum appears to be responsible for NO release, with other wavelengths outside the UV spectrum mitigating adverse effects derived through ultraviolet B (UV-B). These results support further in vivo work, which could be of benefit for demographics such as the elderly (that exhibit a natural decline in NO bioavailability).
A pediatric tuberculosis with recurrent fever confirmed to be inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor
Authors: Li Yiyuan , Wen Yang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Symptoms of inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) are atypical, and histopathological misdiagnosis of IMT is still inevitable. Here we present a pediatric case that an eight-year-old boy with recurrent fever for fifteen months, received anti-tuberculosis therapy for six months and was ultimately confirmed to be abdominal IMT.
Case presentation: An eight-year-old boy had a recurrent fever for 15 months, accompanied by cough, vomiting, meteorism, night sweating, and emaciation. The histopathological characteristic of intestinal and greater omentum implied fibrous tissue hyperplasia, with eosinophil and lymphocyte infiltration. The patient was diagnosed with tuberculosis, and symptoms were relieved partially after anti-tuberculosis treatment. Four months later, the symptoms aggravated again and histopathology of the second sample of greater omentum revealed IMT. Eventually, the patient recovered well after receiving regular chemotherapy.
Conclusions: The clinical course of IMT is variable, and pediatricians should pay attention to distinguishing IMT from tuberculosis.
The differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells was disturbed in advanced tumor-bearing mice
Authors: Wang Yuedong , Gao Yuan , Gu Xiaochuan , Feng Zhenlan , Liu Cong , Gao Fu , Cheng Ying , Du Jicong , Cai Jianming 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Hematopoiesis have been proved that it could be changed in the patients with advanced cancer. In this study, we investigated the changes of HSCs differentiation in advanced tumor-bearing mice.
Methods
The tumor-bearing mice model was established by subcutaneously inoculating with xenografts of B16-F10 mouse melanoma cells into the right back of male wild-type C57BL/6 mice. Hematopoietic stem cells and multi-lineage differentiation were evaluated using blood routine, HE-staining, flow cytometry assay and HSCs culture technology.
Results
The mice model exhibited hematopoietic suppression, marked by a severe anemia, and the multi-lineage differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells was disturbed. Especially, the differentiation of megakaryocyte and erythrocyte were blocked, while myeloid cell and lymphoid cell differentiation was encouraged in advanced tumor-bearing mice.
Conclusion
In this study we showed that the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells was disturbed in advanced tumor-bearing mice, which provided new knowledge about cancer cachexia related hematopoietic abnormality.
Development and validation of a novel nomogram to predict the risk of the prolonged postoperative length of stay for lumbar spinal stenosis patients
Authors: Yasin Parhat , Cai Xiaoyu , Mardan Muradil , Xu Tao , Abulizi Yakefu , Aimaiti Abasi , Yang Huan , Sheng Weibin , Mamat Mardan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background: Lumber spinal stenosis (LSS) is the increasingly reason for spine surgery for elder patients since China is facing the fastest-growing aging population. The aim of this research was to create a model to predict the probabilities of requiring a prolonged postoperative length of stay (PLOS) for lumbar spinal stenosis patients, minimizing the healthcare burden.
Methods:A total of 540 LSS patients were enrolled in this project. The outcome was a prolonged PLOS after spine surgery, defined as hospitalizations ≥75th percentile for PLOS, including the day of discharge. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) was used to identify independent risk variables related to prolonged PLOS. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was utilized to generate a prediction model utilizing the variables employed in the LASSO approach. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve's area under the curve (AUC) and the calibration curve's respective curves were used to further validate the model's calibration with predictability and discriminative capabilities. By using decision curve analysis, the resulting model's clinical effectiveness was assessed.
Results: Among 540 individuals, 344 had PLOS that was within the usual range of P75 (8 days), according to the interquartile range of PLOS, and 196 had PLOS that was above the normal range of P75 (prolonged PLOS). Five variables were incorporated into the predictive model, named: transfusion pain degree, infusion volume and involved spine segments. A great difference in clinical scores can be found between the two groups (P < 0.001). In the development set, the model's AUC for predicting prolonged PLOS was 0.812 (95% CI: 0.768-0.859), while in the validation set, it was 0.826 (95% CI: 0.753-0.881). The calibration plots for the probability showed coherence between the expected probability and the actual probability both in the development set and validation set respectively. When intervention was chosen at the potential threshold of 2%, analysis of the decision curve revealed that the model was more clinically effective.
Conclusions: The individualized prediction nomogram incorporating five common clinical features for LSS patients undergoing surgery can be suitably used to smooth early identification and improve screening of patients at higher risk of prolonged PLOS and minimize health care.
Structural responses of cable-stayed bridges exposed to strong earthquakes during construction
Authors: Bayraktar Alemdar , Kurşun Altok , Erdiş Arif , Akköse Mehmet , Taş Yavuzhan , Yang Tony T.Y. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper presents the earthquake response of the Kömürhan cable-stayed bridge with a single pylon and steel deck which was exposed to the Elazığ-Sivrice earthquake (Mw = 6.8) on January 24, 2020, while it was under construction. The distance from the epicenter to the bridge is approximately 40 km. 82% of the Kömürhan bridge was completed during the Elazığ-Sivrice earthquake in 2020. The spectral accelerations of Elazığ-Sivrice earthquake are approximately 2.5 times greater than those of the design earthquake (72-year) considered in the construction stage. In this paper, the characteristics of Kömürhan cable-stayed bridge and Elazığ-Sivrice earthquake (Mw = 6.8) are first presented. Then, a 3D numerical finite model of the Kömürhan cable-stayed bridge under construction is created. Modal and seismic responses of the deck, pylon and cables of the bridge under construction are compared for the load combinations including the design (72-year) and the Elazığ-Sivrice earthquakes. The result shows that under the 2020 Elazığ-Sivrice earthquakes, the maximum vertical displacements, axial forces, bending moments of the deck and the cable forces were three time more than the design value using the 72-year design hazard. Nevertheless, despite the significant increase in the structural response, no visual damage was observed on the structural element. This shows the robust design of the Kömürhan cable-stayed bridge.
Effect of Inflammatory Mediators on the Differentiation Potential of Dental Pulp Stem Cells in vitro
Authors: Kaplan Sema Sonmez , Ovecoglu Hesna Sazak , Akkoc Tunc , Genc Deniz 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are of special relevance in future regenerative dental and immunological medical therapies due to their differentiation and immunologic potentials. Thisin vitrostudy examined the effect of the inflammatory cytokines tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 on osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation of DPSCs. Methods DPSCs were isolated from the impacted third molar dental pulp and determined with flow cytometry analysis. DPSCs were divided into 15 groups: three unstimulated control groups and four groups stimulated with TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and a combination of all three to undergo osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation protocols. Next, the differentiation of each group was examined with different staining procedures under a light microscope. Histological analysis of osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiated pellets was assessed using a modified Bern score. Statistical significance determined using one-way analysis of variance, and correlations were assessed using Pearson’s test (two-tailed). Results Unstimulated DPSCs displayed a higher differentiation ability than the other groups stimulated with inflammatory cytokines. Conclusions DPSCs have high osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation capabilities. Pretreatment with inflammatory cytokines decreases the differentiation abilityin vitro, thus inhibiting tissue formation.