bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
New method for the isotopic study of ancient conchiolin from archaeological shells of freshwater mussels (Unionoida)
Authors: García-Vázquez Ana , Radu Valentin , Lazăr Cǎtǎlin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Freshwater mussels shells are common remains in archaeological sites of the Gumelnița culture (5th millennium BC, Romania), and were part of the diet of its ancient inhabitants. The proteins of these shells are often preserved and can be used for paleodietary and paleoecosystem reconstructions by stable isotopes.
To obtain the empirical relationship between the isotopic composition of sell organic matrix and soft tissues, we analysed the body (foot and mantle), the muscle, the conchiolin of the shell and stomach contents of modern individuals of Unio tumidus from the Danube. In addition, modern shells were digested in 5M HCl and archaeological in 1M HCl to obtain the shell organic matrix or conchiolin.
We established a quality criterion for freshwater mussel shell conchiolin of 3.6 (± 0.3) for the C:N and obtained an offset of Δ15Nconchiolin-defatted body= +0.95‰, Δ13Cconchiolin-defatted body = +0.93‰ for the soft tissues, and an offset of Δ15Nconchiolin-muscle= +1.7‰, Δ13Cconchiolin-muscle= +0.3‰ for the muscle.
Freshwater mussels from Gumelnița showed that they came from different sources (rivers, lakes, ponds…) but which not necessarily have to come from long distances since all these different habitats were present in the vicinity of the site.
Prognostic and immune infiltrative biomarkers of CENPO in pan- cancer and its relationship with lung adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and metastasis
Authors: Wang Yuanbiao , Ye Daowen , Li Ying , Lv Fenghong , Shen Wanbo , Li Hui , Tian Linghan , Fan Zongling , Li Yanling , wang Yan , Li Feng , Huang Qiubo , Chen Yan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background The centromere protein O (CENPO) is an important member of the centromere protein family. However, the role of CENPO in pan–cancer and immune infiltration has not been reported. Here, we investigated the role of CENPO in pan–cancer and further validated its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) by in vitro experiments.
Method The UCSC Xena database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)–LUAD data were used to assess the mRNA expression levels of CENPO. The potential value of CENPO as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for pan–cancer was evaluated using TCGA data and the GEPIA database. The mRNA expression profiles of LUAD patients and the corresponding clinical data were downloaded for correlation analysis. The role of CENPO in immune infiltration was investigated using the UCSC Xena database. Subsequently, RT–QPCR was performed to detect the expression of CENPO. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were determined using CCK–8, wound–healing assay, and transwell assay, respectively.
Results CENPO is highly expressed in most cancers, and the upregulation of CENPO is associated with poor prognosis in many cancers. CENPO expression correlates with age, TNM stage, N stage, T stage, and receipt of radiotherapy in LUAD patients, and LUAD patients with high CENPO expression have poorer overall survival (OS) and disease–free survival (DFS). In addition, CENPO expression is associated with immune cell infiltration and immune checkpoint inhibitors. Moreover, the expression of CENPO was closely related to the expression of tumor mutational load and microsatellite instability. In vitro experiments showed that CENPO expression was increased in LUAD cell lines and that knockdown of CENPO significantly inhibited the proliferation, cell invasion, and migration ability of LUAD cells.
Conclusion CENPO may be a potential pan–cancer biomarker and oncogene, especially in LUAD. In addition, CENPO is associated with immune cell infiltration and may serve as a new molecular therapeutic target and effective prognostic marker for LUAD.
The role of theory-based HIV and sexual health interventions in enhancing positive sexual behaviour outcomes and reducing risk factors among young people in Sub-Saharan Africa. A scoping review protocol.
Authors: Mukanga Bright , Taylor Myra , Dlamini Siyabonga Blessing 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
In Sub-Sahara Africa, young people aged between 15 and 24 years are disproportionately affected by the HIV pandemic and represent a growing population in need of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services. Several theory-based HIV prevention interventions have been developed and implemented to reduce the risk of HIV infection transmission among young people and enhance positive sexual behaviours. However, there are few evidence syntheses that highlight the role of theory-based HIV and sexual health interventions in enhancing positive sexual behaviours among young people in Sub-Saharan Africa. This review aims to map evidence on the role of theory-based HIV prevention intervention in enhancing positive sexual behaviour outcomes and reducing risk factors among young people aged 10–24 years of age in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Methods and Analysis
This scoping review will adopt the methodological framework of Arksey and O’Malley. We will identify several databases which will include PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE, the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), ProQuest One Academic, Web of Science, and Google scholar. We will search for relevant studies from 2012 onwards, written in English, and conducted in the SSA region. We will adopt a two-stage process where two independent reviewers will screen the titles and abstracts for eligibility after which they will carry out data extraction and analysis through an iterative process. This will be followed by a full-text screening of the articles from the selected titles and abstracts.
Discussion
Results from this scoping review can inform policy changes and guide future HIV programme developers to develop and implement effective theory-based HIV interventions among young people in SSA. It can provide insights on how theories can be combined to address complex behavioural characteristics. Importantly, the review will act as a backdrop to many theory-based HIV interventions that seek to integrate the positive youth development approach in existing HIV prevention programmes.
Epidemiology of autoimmune liver disease in Korea: Evidence from a nationwide real-world database
Authors: Lim Jihye , Kim Hwa Jung 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) are all immune-mediated chronic inflammatory liver diseases. Autoimmune liver diseases are rare, making identification and treatment difficult. To improve clinical outcomes and enhance patient quality of life, we performed an epidemiological study of autoimmune liver diseases based on real-world comprehensive data.
Results
We used National Health Insurance Service claims data in Korea from 2005 to 2019. Patients were identified using the International Classification of Disease 10th Revision code, and rare intractable disease codes assigned according to the strict diagnostic criteria. In the AIH cohort, 8,572 (83.9%) were females and the mean age at diagnosis was 56.3 ± 14.3 years. PBC also showed female dominance (83.3%) and the mean age was 57.8 ± 12.6 years. Patients with PSC showed no sex predominance and had a mean age of 57.8 ± 21.5 years. During the study period, there were 10,212, 6,784, and 888 AIH, PBC, and PSC patients, respectively. The prevalence of AIH, PBC, and PSC in 2019 were 18.4, 11.8, and 1.5 per 100,000 population, while the corresponding incidences were 2.3, 1.4, and 0.3 per 100,000 population, respectively. Analysis of sex-age-standardized data showed that the annual prevalence of these diseases is increasing. The 10-year survival rates were 89.8%, 74.9%, and 73.4% for AIH, PBC, and PSC, respectively.
Conclusions
The number of patients with autoimmune liver disease in South Korea is increasing over time. Further research on autoimmune liver disease is needed to fulfill unmet clinical needs.
Geoelectric studies in earthquake hazard assessment – the case of the Kozlodui nuclear power plant, Bulgaria
Authors: Kovacikova Svetlana , Boyadzhiev Georgi , Logvinov Igor 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

The study presents the results of geoelectric research for seismic risk assessment on the example of the Kozlodui nuclear power plant in Bulgaria. The image of the geoelectric structure in the study area was obtained using one-dimensional inverse electrical resistivity modeling of the full five-component magnetotelluric data and quasi-three-dimensional inverse conductivity modeling of the geomagnetic responses recorded during the summer 2021 field campaign. According to the presented results, the geoelectrically anomalous structure is divided into two levels. The near-surface anomalous structure in the immediate reach of human geotechnical activity corresponds to the electrically conductive sedimentary fill. The mid-crustal layer is coincident with the low seismic velocity zone at the brittle and ductile crust interface, revealed in previous studies. The presented results imply that the geological environment is not affected by large faults capable of transmitting seismic energy from tectonically active areas, however, in further studies, attention should be paid to the strike-slip fault systems adjacent to the study area.
Management of giant ovarian tumors in elderly adults: Preoperative evaluation using comprehensive geriatric assessment and estimation of physiologic ability and surgical stress and perioperative management effectiveness using Aron Alpha method and enhanced recovery after surgery
Authors: Kakinuma Kaoru , Kakinuma Toshiyuki , Shinohara Takumi , Shimizu Ayano , Okamoto Rora , Kaneko Ayaka , Saito Koyomi , Takeshima Nobuhiro , Yanagida Kaoru , Ohwada Michitaka 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose: We assessed the effectiveness of preoperative evaluation using comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) and estimation of physiologic ability and surgical stress (E-PASS), the Aron Alpha method, and perioperative management based on Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) for giant ovarian tumors in elderly adults.
Methods: We focused on five giant ovarian tumor cases among elderly patients. Preoperative evaluation using the E-PASS scoring system and CGA was performed. Furthermore, the minimally invasive surgical method, the Aron Alpha method, was conducted, and we performed perioperative management using ERAS.
Results: The mean age was 75.8±8.8 years, and the comorbidities were hypertension in three cases, hyperlipidemia in two cases, angina pectoris in one case, cholecystitis in one case, and lower extremity varicose veins in one case. The mean tumor size was 21.0±5.4 cm. The examination using the E-PASS scoring system showed a preoperative risk score of 0.7±0.4, surgical stress score of 0, and comprehensive risk score of 0.3±0.3. In CGA, two cases had problems with instrumental activities of daily living and cognitive function. The mean duration of surgery was 89.0±16.6 minutes, and the mean blood loss was 56.0±65.4 mL. No surgery-associated complications were observed, and early postoperative ambulation, rehabilitation intervention, and postoperative analgesic management were conducted. No patients had prolonged hospitalization and activities of daily living decline.
Conclusion: We were able to confirm the usefulness and safety of the minimally invasive Aron Alpha method and ERAS-based perioperative management of giant ovarian tumors in elderly patients by performing a detailed preoperative evaluation using CGA and E-PASS.
Presentation, Clinical Spectrum and Chromosomal Abnormalities of Children with Turner Syndrome: A Single-Centre Experience from Sri Lanka and review of literature
Authors: Gunasekara Buddhi , Hoole Thabitha Jebaseeli , Atapattu Navoda 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Diagnosing Turner Syndrome at an early age (before 5 years) is important in achieving an optimal final adult. Significant delay in diagnosis has been reported worldwide. This study describes the presentation and clinical spectrum to create awareness for early referral.
Methods
Retrospective data on the initial presentation, clinical spectrum, and chromosomal abnormalities of 45 patients diagnosed with Turner syndrome was extracted from the departmental database.
Results
The mean age of diagnosis is 8.0 years. The majority (46.5%) were diagnosed between 5 to 12 years of age and 29% in adolescence. 24.5 % were diagnosed before the age of 5 years : 4.5% were diagnosed antenatally and 11% in the neonatal period. 80% of girls first presented to the Endocrine service after 5 years.
Majority presented with short stature (67%), the rest with dysmorphic features (13%), neonatal lymphedema (4.5 %), typical cardiac lesions (4.5 %), and autoimmune hypothyroidism (4.5%). The majority were referred by pediatricians (51%) and cardiologists (17%).
The commonest karyotype (55.5%) was 45, XO. 48% had cardiac lesions including bicuspid aortic valves (18%) and Coarctation of the aorta (9%). Renal anomalies were detected in 18% and ovarian abnormalities in 73%. Other manifestations included recurrent Otitis media in 18%, hearing impairment in 23%, Ophthalmological defects in 27%, autoimmune hypothyroidism in 11%, and below-average school performances in 7%.
Conclusions
The majority were diagnosed and referred to Endocrinology after 5 years of age. Delays in the evaluation of short stature and lack of awareness of TS clinical spectrum may have contributed.
Radar Vital Signs Detection by Using Optimized CNN+GRU Model
Authors: Özkaya UMUT 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Wearable devices may have significant disadvantages compared to non-contact sensors. In addition, heart and respiratory rate information may be insufficient for expert evaluation. Radar sensors allow vital signals to be detected without interfering with subject activities. In this study, a high performance Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model is proposed to classify four different types of radar vital signs. Firstly, raw radar data is converted into 2-dimensional matrix form by spectrogram method in order to analyze raw radar data in time and frequency environment. Spectrogram processing on raw radar data is required for training and testing of pre-trained CNN networks. Afterwards, high-level features obtained from pre-trained CNN networks were fused by using Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA). These features were used to train and test for Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) block structure optimized by Whale Optimization algorithm (WOA). The proposed Spectrogram Content Based Optimized CNN + GRU Model performance is 95.52% Accuracy (ACC), 94.74% Sensitivity (SEN), 98.29% Specificity (SPE=, 96.35% Precision (PRE), 95.40% F1-Score and 93.96% Matthews Correlation Coefficient (MCC). Our proposed method showed that preferability potential of non-destructive radar technology is more valuable than wearable technologies.
Extracellular vesicles carrying miR-6836 derived from resistant tumor cells transfer cisplatin resistance of epithelial ovarian cancer via DLG2-YAP1 signaling pathway
Authors: Song Yongmei , Zou Yazhu , Zhao Zitong , Wang Jingjing , Ma Liying , Liu Yi , Sun Li 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChemotherapy resistance is a significant cause for poor prognosis of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). However, the molecular mechanism of chemo-resistance remains unclear, and developing available therapies and effective biomarkers for resistant EOC is in urgent demand. Stemness of cancer cells directly results in chemo-resistance. Exosomal miRNAs rebuild tumor microenvironment (TME) and act as widely used clinical liquid biopsy markers. In our study, high throughput screenings and comprehensive analysis were performed to screen for miRNAs, which were both up-regulated in resistant EOC tissues and related to stemness, and miR-6836 was identified accordingly. Clinically, high miR-6836 expression was closely correlated with poor chemotherapy response and survival for EOC patients. Functionally, miR-6836 promoted EOC cell cisplatin resistance by increasing stemness and suppressing apoptosis. Mechanistically, miR-6836 directly targeted DLG2 to enhance Yap1 nuclear translocation, and was regulated by TEAD1 forming the positive feedback loop: miR-6836-DLG2-Yap1-TEAD1. Furthermore, miR-6836 could be packaged into secreted exosomes in cisplatin-resistant EOC cells and exosomal miR-6836 was able to be delivered into cisplatin-sensitive EOC cells and reverse their cisplatin response. Our study revealed the molecular mechanisms of chemotherapy resistance, and identified miR-6836 as the possible therapeutic target and effective biopsy marker for resistant EOC.
Lateral Sinus Flour Augmentation by Deproteinized Bovine Bone Material in Severe Alveolar Bone Atrophy: Micro Ct Study
Authors: Shpachynskyi Oleksandr , Kiss Tamás , Helyes Zsuzsanna , Kopchak Andrii 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To investigate differences in trabecular architecture revealed after lateral sinus floor augmentation (LSFA) by a two-stage approach using deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBB) alone, based on micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).
Methods
Twenty patients (10 men and 10 women) were included in the study and divided into two groups: 1) the main group – 10 patients who needed LSFA to create the appropriate bone volume for installation of the implant with residual bone height (RBH) less than 3 mm; 2) the control group – 10 patients with RBH more than 10 mm and no necessity for bone augmentation procedures. During implant placement, bone biopsies were harvested from implant osteotomy sites for micro-CT.
Results
No significant differences in the 3-D morphometric parameters of all bone structures in the region of interest (ROI) were observed in the biopsies of the augmented bone.
Conclusion
The slight differences in trabecular architecture revealed in the present study demonstrated higher porosity, bone volume to surface ratio, anisotropy rate and decreased trabecular pattern factor in the control group as a result of a continuous functional remodeling process. Therefore, maxillary sinus floor elevation with DBB alone is a strategy thas provides an appropriate 3-D architecture of the newly formed bone tissue and adequate primary stability of the dental implants.
Hospitalizations for Coronavirus Disease 2019: An Analysis of the Occurrence Waves
Authors: Garbin Juliana Rodrigues Tovar , Leite Franciéle Marabotti Costa , Dell’Antonio Cristiano Soares Silva , Dell’Antonio Larissa Soares , Santos Ana Paula Brioschi dos , Lopes-Júnior Luís Carlos 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The pandemic has been characterized by several waves defined by viral strains responsible for the predominance of infections. We aimed to analyze the mean length of hospital stay for patients with COVID-19 during the first three waves of the pandemic and its distribution according to sociodemographic and clinical variables. This retrospective study used the notifications of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in a Brazilian state during the period of the three waves of the disease as the data source. There were 13,910 hospitalizations for confirmed COVID-19 cases. The first wave was the longest, with 4,101 (29.5%) hospitalizations, while the third, although shorter, had a higher number of hospitalized patients (N=6,960). The average length of stay in the hospital was associated with age groups up to 59 years old and from 60 to 79 y.o., high school and higher education, pregnant women (P=0,036) white and non-white race, female and male sex, and residents of the urban area (P < 0.05). Regarding the presence of comorbidities, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean number of days of hospitalization among patients with chronic cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, and obesity (P< 0.05). In conclusion, the COVID-19 pandemic has been distinctly revealed among the waves.
Federated Learning based Spatio-Temporal framework for real-time traffic prediction
Authors: Kaur Gaganbir , Grewal Surender K , Jain Aarti 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)is widely explored for traffic flow prediction. Traffic forecasting is a spatio-temporal problem because of the dynamic nature of road traffic. The data collected from users for traffic prediction is often private in nature. These characteristics make it necessary to develop a framework for accurately predicting traffic flow while maintaining user data privacy. This paper proposes a Federated Learning-based spatio-temporal approach termed Fed-STGRU for traffic prediction without transmitting raw user data over the network. Federated Learning is a distributed machine learning approach incorporating techniques like Stochastic Gradient Descent for data privacy preservation. The proposed scheme preserves privacy while attaining comparable accuracy and loss as baseline algorithms, FedAvg and TGCN.
VLSI Architecture for Implementing OTFS
Authors: Shadangi Ashish Ranjan , Das Suvra Sekhar , Chakrabarti Indrajit 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Orthogonal Time Frequency Space (OTFS) modulation is proposed to support high-speed and reliable vehicular communication scenarios, which is a novel two-dimensional (2D) delay-Doppler domain modulation technique. Compared with traditional modulation schemes such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM), OTFS has displayed better performance in very high-mobility wireless channels. In this work, we have proposed the novel VLSI architecture for OTFS in the Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) channel condition and shown the resource utilization report of our proposed architecture to implement on Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) board, along with the relationship between inputs and outputs of the OTFS signal in the delay-Doppler domain.
Biodiversity in cities. The effect of spatial scale and biodiversity data in heterogeneous landscapes.
Authors: Lopez Carol X. Garzon , Savickyte Gabija 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

The assessment and monitoring of biodiversity in urban areas has been performed until now through dedicated on site studies and a small number of studies using online digital biodiversity databases. The question remains as to what extent an efficient and effective monitoring scheme could be implemented, one that not only facilitates comparisons across time and space, but also serves as an early change detection tool that complement local studies. Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) has been promoted for its central role, gathering and harmonizing biodiversity data worldwide, thereby facilitating the assessment and monitoring of biodiversity in multiple ecosystems. While GBIF data has been investigated for its potential at large scales (national, global) and in natural ecosystems, the question remains as to what extent, and in which context, is GBIF data applicable to urban biodiversity assessment and monitoring. In this study we have shown that the type of organisms surveyed -as well as its ecology and the spatial scale(s) of the assessments are critical to identify the effect of urban and green infrastructure in cities.