bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological Accommodative Changes of Haptic Position and Its Impact on Vault After ICL Implantation
Authors: Shi Meipan , Wei Ruoyan , Zhou Xingtao , Liu Shengtao 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
To evaluate dynamic changes in ciliary parameters and Implantable Collamer Lens V4C (ICL) (STAAR Surgical) haptic position using mydriatic and miotic agents and their effects on the central and peripheral vault.

Methods
This study involved 80 eyes from 40 consecutive patients (mean age: 28.05 years; range: 19 to 42 years) examined 3 months after ICL implantation. Patients were randomly assigned to either a mydriasis group or a miosis group. Ultrasound biomicroscopy was used to measure the following parameters at baseline and after pharmacological induction with tropicamide or pilocarpine: ciliary process length (CPL), iris ciliary angle (ICA), final tip point of the ICL haptic (ftICL haptic), central vault (c-vault), mid-peripheral vault (m-vault), and peripheral vault (p-vault).

Results

In the mydriatic group, the proportion of eyes with all ICL haptics in the ciliary sulcus increased from 70.0% to 77.5% after tropicamide administration, whereas in the miotic group, this proportion decreased from 67.5% to 57.5% after pilocarpine administration. The CPL and ftICL haptic increased significantly in the mydriatic group (all
P
< .01) but decreased in the miotic group (all
P
< 0.01). Conversely, the ICA decreased significantly in the mydriatic group and increased in the miotic group (all
P
< .01). The correlation analysis showed no significant relationship between changes in c-vault, m-vault, and p-vault with alterations in CPL, ICA, and ftICL haptic in both groups.

Conclusions
Haptic position contributes to the movement of the ICL optical zone during accommodation, but changes in haptic position were not significantly correlated with changes in the vault.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2025;41(1):e22–e28.]
Application of the Taylor Diagram in Evaluating the Performance of IOL Formulas
Authors: Zhang Bing 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
To apply a new method, the Taylor Diagram, and a new concept, the centered root mean square error (cRMSE), in evaluating the performance of IOL formulas.

Methods

The preoperative biometrics were measured with the IOLMaster 700 (Carl Zeiss Meditec) and the postoperative spherical equivalent refraction (SER) was calculated in 888 anonymous patients. The Taylor Diagram was applied to visualize the centered root mean square error (cRMSE) and the correlation coefficient between the predictions and the observations (R
po
). Ten formulas across generations were optimized by zeroing the mean predictive error, including SRK I, SRK II, SRK/T, Holladay I, Hoffer-Q, Haigis, Barrett Universal II, VRF, EVO 2.0, and Næser 2. The RMSE and cRMSE at a range of IOL constants around the optimized constant were calculated for SRK/T, Holladay I, Hoffer-Q, and Haigis.

Results

The Taylor Diagram showed improved performance of formulas across generations and the aggregations of the same-generation formulas. The SRK I performed worst with an RMSE of 0.819 and R
po
of 0.659, and the EVO 2.0 performed best with an RMSE of 0.341 and R
po
of 0.930. At a range of IOL constants, cRMSE is generally much closer to the optimized value than RMSE. At a relatively wide range of constant values, cRMSEs showed no significant discrepancy with the optimized value at the optimized constant.

Conclusions
The Taylor Diagram is a powerful tool for visualizing the performances of IOL formulas. Constant optimization is proved necessary. When the optimization is unavailable, cRMSE is a good approximation.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2025;41(1):e50–e55.]
Rotational Stability and Outcomes of V4c Toric Implantable Collamer Lenses Placed at Different Lens Orientations
Authors: Yang Yukun , Zhu Fengjiao , Ma Yiping , Li Jing , Li Xiaoxi , Yao Xiaoming 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
To evaluate the 12-month rotational stability and outcomes of V4c toric Implantable Collamer Lenses (TICLs) (STAAR Surgical) located at two different lens orientations (horizontal or oblique).

Methods
This retrospective study included a total of 403 eyes with TICL implantation, enrolled between January 2021 and December 2022, that were divided into two groups based on the minimum intended angle off the horizontal axis: horizontal with 263 eyes at an angle ±22.5 degrees or less and oblique with 140 eyes at a minimum intended angle of greater than ±22.5 degrees. A comparison was made of the preoperative characteristics, surgical outcomes, secondary surgical interventions, footplate positions, and adverse events at 1, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. The rotation-related factors were analyzed.

Results

At 12 months, there were 243 eyes (92%) in the horizontal group and 130 eyes (93%) in the oblique group that were within ±0.50 diopters (D) of emmetropia. Their rotation proportion was 5.3 % and 5.7%, respectively, and their rotation angle was 9.11 ± 2.84 and 9.96 ± 2.42 degrees, respectively (
P
= .086). TICL footplates were mostly positioned on the ciliary body. No correlation was observed of lens placement axis, vault, or manifest refraction with rotation in both groups (
P
> .05). During the follow-up, no vision-threatening complications were observed in both groups. Rotation cases were successfully addressed via alignment or lens exchange.

Conclusions
TICLs, when implanted across a range of lens orientations, demonstrated favorable rotational stability and postoperative outcomes. The postoperative rotational stability is independent of the placement angle of the TICL.

[
J Refract Surg
. 2025;41(1):e29–e38.]
Asymptomatic testing people for SARS-CoV-2 in healthcare facilities: A systematic review
Authors: Oduwole Olabisi A. , Bassey Glory , Esebanmen Grace , Shoyinka Samuel , Ohenhen Johnsolomon , Cogo Elise , Henschke Nicholas , Ochodo Eleanor , Meremikwu Martin M. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Asymptomatic testing involves the process whereby individuals who do not show symptoms of COVID-19 are tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection using any of the available laboratory test techniques.Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of testing asymptomatic individuals visiting, living or working in healthcare facilities in reducing SARS-CoV-2 viral infections.Setting: Healthcare databases.Method: Electronic databases were searched and limited to English language and studies published 2020 to 02 September 2022. Following the methods for rapid systematic reviews, data were analysed using a fixed effect model, and results of the effect estimate were reported as odds ratios (OR) with their confidence intervals (CI) (95% CI).Results: Databases’ searches yielded 3065 articles after deduplication and 3 studies by searching reference lists of included articles. After screening abstracts and full text articles, 3 cohort studies were included, each with serious risk of bias. Very low certainty evidence shows a decrease in occurrence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the asymptomatic testing group among patients going for index surgery (OR: 0.05, 95 % CI: 0.00–0.82; 501 participants; 1 study) and among long term care facility staff (OR: 0.31, 95 % CI: 0.18–0.52; 3457 participants; 2 studies, I2 = 89%) than the ‘no asymptomatic testing’ group. However, its effect on their residents was contradictory.Conclusion: There is limited quality evidence to support asymptomatic testing of individuals for SARS-CoV-2 in the prevention of virus transmission in health care settings.Contribution: In the event of a future pandemic, this review offers current evidence on the potential effects of asymptomatic testing.
Location of Fracture Determining the Length of Hospital Stay in Maxillofacial Trauma Patients – A Retrospective Study
Authors: Saranya Cherukuri Nikitha , Srikanth Damera , Ganesh Pampana Siva , Sai R.S.G. Satya , Kiran Pattem Swathi , Kumar S.V.N. Hemanth 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
The study aims to determine the variables influencing the patient’s hospital discharge following maxillofacial trauma.

Materials and Methods:
A 3-year retrospective analysis of patients with maxillofacial trauma was conducted on a total of 200 patients (n = 200) in this study. Clinical data were acquired from the medical case sheets of the patients who received treatment.

Results:
Patients experiencing panfacial trauma exhibited the longest hospital stays. A male preponderance was noted amongst the 200 cases. The most common cause of maxillofacial trauma was discovered to be road traffic accidents.

Discussion:
Patients with panfacial trauma and those with zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures were found to have the longest hospital stay. The age groups of 20–29 and 30–39 account for the majority of instances.
Dosimetric comparative study of 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT), volumetric-modulated arc therapy (V-MAT) and hybrid V-MAT (H-VMAT) in radiotherapy of cancer of the esophagus
Authors: Divyashree N , Narayanan Geeta S , Banumathy G , Sowmya N 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Chemoradiation is an important treatment strategy for esophageal cancer. Attempts to intensify treatment have been hampered by unacceptable toxicity. Newer techniques are more conformal to target structures but increase lung dose. H-VMAT technique uses a combination of 3D-CRT and V-MAT to gain advantages of both plans. We have undertaken this study to explore the advantages of this new technique by comparing planning target volume (PTV) coverage and evaluate doses to Organs at Risk (OAR) like lungs, heart, and spinal cord in 3D-CRT, V-MAT, and H-VMAT.

Methods:
The study includes 30 esophageal cancer patients planned for concurrent chemo-radiation. Three plans were generated for each patient for a dose of 5040 cGy/28 fractions and compared using conformality index (CI), conformation number (CN), homogeneity index (HI), and dose received by 95% of volume (D95%).

Results:
CI and CN were significantly better in V-MAT but HI was comparable in all three techniques. D95% was statistically significant with H-VMAT. The spinal cord dose for H-VMAT was more than V-MAT but lesser than 3D-CRT. Dose to heart with H-VMAT was higher than V-MAT but lesser than 3D-CRT. Lung was significantly better with H-VMAT.

Conclusion:
The H-VMAT plans had better PTV coverage when compared with 3D-CRT and V-MAT plans. Though doses to the spinal cord and heart were high with H-VMAT, they were lesser than 3D-CRT plans. Lung sparing was significantly better with H-VMAT plans. Hence H-VMAT takes the advantage of better PTV coverage with V-MAT and better lung-sparing with 3D-CRT.
Primary chondromyxosarcoma of maxilla-An enigmatic rare case report
Authors: Bahal Megha 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Triple D, dreadful, drastic and dangerous, a clinical disorder which takes the mankind in panic, cancer and malignancy is a threat to psychological relief to patients and their peers. When hearing of cancer, often people turn around to sympathize and plead for quick recovery of the patient. Cancer is defined as uncontrolled cell division, often turns out to be malignant if metastasizes in distant tissues. Too many people seek evaluation for cancer, but a proper and prompt diagnosis is the question to be answered. Malignant tumours of connective tissue, being a rarity pose unnecessary situation of severe accompanied threats for the patient. One such being described in the presented case can prove how uncommon threats pose uninvited problems for the people. Often misdiagnosed, myxoid variant of chondrosarcoma can be the one to cause severe complications in the treatment planning, proving itself to be an enigma. The case presented is of a rare tumour, chondromyxosarcoma in a 22 year old male in the middle third of the face. The lesion presented as a diffuse swelling on the right maxillary region which progressed aggressively. The histopathological investigations revealed bi and tri nucleation with a moderate degree of nuclear pleomorphism. The diagnosis of chondromyxosarcoma was confirmed and the clinicopathological findings of this rare case has been presented thereafter.
The relationship between clinical and pathological findings and FDG - PET uptake in metastatic colorectal cancers
Authors: Kurt İnci Bediz , Gürler Fatih , Sütcüoğlu Osman , Tahtacı Gözde , Üner Aytuğ , Özet Ahmet , Günel Nazan , Yazıcı Ozan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
In metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), the genetic structure and cell metabolism of the primary tumor lesion might be different from metastatic lesions. It is thought that cell-level glucose metabolism may differ due to the difference in RAS wild and mutant mCRC patients’ prognosis. In this study, we aimed to compare 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]-fluoro-D-glucose Positron Emission Tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) uptake levels for KRAS mutation status and primary-metastatic tumor localization.

Methods:
Our study is a retrospective cohort analysis that included RAS mutation status study and staging-oriented 18F-FDG PET/CT conducted on mCRC patients.

Results:
There was no significant relationship between metastasis and primary tumor maximum Standardized uptake value (SUVmax) values according to the KRAS mutational status (P > 0.05). Patients with liver metastasis along with mutant BRAF mutation status had significantly higher SUVmax values in PET-CT scans (P = 0.04). There was a negative correlation between SUVmax values of lung metastases and overall survival (r = -0.35, P = 0.04). Patients with high carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels had significantly higher SUVmax values of lung metastasis than patients with normal CEA levels (P = 0.009). Patients with high CA19-9 levels had significantly higher SUVmax values of liver, peritoneal, and bone metastasis than patients with normal CA19-9 levels (P = 0.002, P = 0.001, P = 0.004, respectively). There was no significant correlation between SUVmax values of metastasis and Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) values. Liver metastasis of right-sided mCRCs had significantly higher SUVmax values (P = 0.03).

Conclusion:
We could not demonstrate a significant association between KRAS mutation and SUVmax values of PET scan in primary or metastatic tumor sites in advanced CRC.
Abiraterone acetate–induced delayed rhabdomyolysis: A rare presentation in metastatic carcinoma prostate
Authors: Bahl Ankur , Bansal Nupur , Shrivastav Gunjan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Rhabdomyolysis or muscle breakdown, characterized by increased serum creatine kinase, is a rare occurrence with the use of abiraterone acetate. A strong index of suspicion is needed to diagnose this condition as it can lead to fatal azotemia if timely intervention is not done. We present an unusual case in which a 70-year-old carcinoma prostate patient presented with progressive weakness and acute kidney injury. The patient showed improvement after aggressive medical management with creatine kinase levels falling after discontinuation of abiraterone acetate. It is important to check drug–drug interactions and possible adverse events before initiating any treatment. Recognition of such rare but dangerous adverse effects can lead to timely life-saving interventions.
Concurrent versus sequential hormonal and radiotherapy in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer
Authors: Abdeltawab Asmaa Abdeltawab Abdellah , Ali Samia A. K. , Mostafa Hanan G. E. , Hassan Mohamed A. E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:
Breast cancer is the most frequently occurring cancer worldwide. Hormonal and radiation therapy are a main concern during the treatment journey. There is no definite ideal time for the sequence of these modalities. The current work evaluates the optimal sequence.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective study was conducted in the Clinical Oncology department between January 2015 and December 2018. Postmenopausal patients with early breast cancer were randomly assigned into two groups: the concurrent group received letrozole with radiotherapy (RT) and the sequential group received letrozole 4 weeks after finishing RT. The radiation dose was 50 Gy over 5 weeks in 25 fractions in both treatment groups. All patients were followed up to assess radiation toxicity.

Results:
Thirty-five patients in the concurrent group and 40 patients in the sequential group were included in the study. After a median follow-up of 26 months, three patients (7.5%) in the sequential group and three (8.6%) in the concurrent group developed > Grade 2 late skin-related toxicity. Twenty percent of patients in the sequential group and 17% in the concurrent group developed > Grade 2 late cardiac adverse events. Sequencing of letrozole was not a significant factor related to the decrease in the mean values of left ventricular ejection fraction after treatment. Late pulmonary toxicity was diagnosed in 2.5% and 2.9% in the sequential and concurrent groups, respectively. No differences in the treatment-related complications and survival between the two treatment groups were observed.

Conclusion:
This study suggests that letrozole can be safely used concurrently or sequentially with RT.
ALK-positive large B-cell lymphoma: A study of six cases from an oncopathology center in North India
Authors: Verma Ajita , Chowdhury Zachariah , Singh Anil , Kant Abhinav , Yadav Anil , Patne Shashikant C.U. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
ALK-positive large B-cell lymphoma (ALK+ LBCL) is a rare neoplasm with an aggressive course and poor therapeutic response to the standard R-CHOP regimen. Owing to its negativity for usual B- and T-cell markers and immunopositivity for epithelial markers, it can be easily misdiagnosed if it is not contemplated. To study the clinicopathological parameters of cases of ALK+ LBCL diagnosed at our institution. A retrospective observational study of ALK+ LBCL was conducted at a tertiary cancer center of North India with cases diagnosed over a period of 3 years. Six cases of ALK+ LBCL were identified. The clinical findings at presentation included mean age of 38.8 years, male-to-female ratio of 5:1, extranodal presentation (1/6 cases), concurrent extranodal and nodal involvement (3/6), nodal presentation (2/6), high serum LDH (5/5), and bone marrow involvement (1/5). Histomorphology of diffuse (100%), alveolar/nested (16.6%), and sinusoidal pattern (1 case upon relapse) and immunoblastic and plasmablastic morphology (100%) and immunopositivity in all cases for ALK-1 protein (100%), CD138 (100%), MUM1 (100%), LCA (100%) along with negativity for EBER-ISH/EBV-LMP1 immunohistochemistry clinched the diagnosis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis for ALK gene rearrangement was detected in 4/4 cases. Four patients received chemotherapy demonstrating relapse in 2 cases: residual disease and no response in one case each, along with death in 2 cases. A high degree of diagnostic suspicion is required for accurate recognition of ALK+ LBCL. Awareness of its histology, immunohistochemistry, and cytogenetics is pivotal for precise identification of this rare entity.
Speciation and Drug Resistance of Enterococcal Species Isolated from Clinical Specimens: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Mansoor Tabeen , Mushtaq Shazia , Taj Ruksana 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background:

Enterococci has an innate ability to acquire, accumulate, and disseminate extrachromosomal elements encoding virulence factors or antibiotic resistance genes. The increasing resistance to numerous antimicrobial drugs has considerably reduced the therapeutic choices for treating Enterococcal infections.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of different Enterococcal isolates.

Materials and Methods:
This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted over 18 months at Government Medical College Srinagar, Kashmir. A total of 455 non-duplicate Enterococcal isolates from hospitalized patients were analyzed. Species identification was performed using VITEK-2 compact system, and antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method and MIC testing as per CLSI 2019 guidelines. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v27.0, with P < 0.05 considered significant.

Results:
A majority of 455 Enterococcal isolates (48.4%) were identified as Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) or Enterococcus faecium (E. faecium). Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) were identified in 34.6% of E. faecium and 6.4% of E. faecalis isolates. All VRE isolates had considerable resistance to vancomycin (MIC ≥ 64 µg/mL). Furthermore, 97.7% of VRE isolates were resistant to penicillin, while 83.1% were resistant to several beta-lactam antibiotics. A total of 77.5% of the isolates shown resistance to high-level gentamicin resistance.

Conclusion:
The high incidence of multidrug-resistant Enterococci poses a substantial barrier for therapeutic management, particularly in resource-limited settings. These findings emphasize the urgent need for robust antimicrobial stewardship programs and enhanced infection control measures to prevent the spread of resistant strains in healthcare settings.
Cross-Sectional Study of Hypertension in Young: A Tertiary Care Center Experience
Authors: Devi L Surbala , Bansal Naresh , Singhal Anuj , Shekhawat Vikram Singh , Nachankar Amit 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Introduction:
Nowadays, hypertension is seen in the young in whom it has a potential to cause target organ damage. The importance is to diagnose the secondary causes of hypertension in young and treat them to reduce morbidity and mortality. This study was planned for looking into the clinical profile of hypertension in young patients with the objective to evaluate the etiological profile in them.

Materials and Methods:
This was a cross-sectional observational study carried out at tertiary care center from July 2021 to June 2022. All patients with hypertension below 35 years of age were systemically reviewed using a predesigned preapproved standardized pro forma. The patients were evaluated for all causes of secondary hypertension; else it was labeled as primary hypertension.

Results:
About 33.3% of patients were diagnosed to have primary hypertension and 66.6% of patients were diagnosed to have secondary hypertension. The 2:1 male-to-female ratio was seen in this study with mean age of 30.6 ± 3.8 years. The mean body mass index was 24.2 ± 2.3 kg/m2. About 13.3% of patients had a family history of hypertension, 40% were smokers, 33.3% had cardiac involvement, 26.7% had renal involvement, and 23.3% had eye involvement. Twenty percent of patients had raised low-density lipoprotein, whereas 16.7% of patients each had reduced high-density lipoprotein and hypertriglyceridemia. Ten percent of patients had associated type 2 diabetes mellitus and 3.3% had impaired fasting glucose.

Conclusion:
This study found that the majority of young patients had the secondary cause of hypertension which may be amenable to cure in certain cases. Hence, it is important to do extensive screening. This is further highlighted in young male hypertensive cases.