bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O Princípio da Isonomia Frente às Vantagens e Desvantagens do Pregão Eletrônico nas Licitações Públicas
Authors: Gaio Júnior Antônio Pereira , Lopes Gabriel César Dias , Jordace Thiago Helver Domingues Silva 
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: propõe-se analisar as vantagens do pregão eletrônico frente às outras modalidades de compras públicas à luz da Administração Pública e do Direito, ressaltando suas principais características e possibilidades no contexto atual da Administração Pública e sobre a questão do princípio da isonomia discutida em sua utilização.

Referencial teórico: buscou-se aqui através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica traçar o referencial que trata do pregão eletrônico no Brasil, tão marcado pela corrupção e desvios de dinheiro público.

Conclusão: o pregão representa uma alternativa às três modalidades tradicionais, quando se trata da aquisição de bens ou serviços comuns em âmbito público como será demonstrado no decorrer deste trabalho, que tem o pregão, especificamente em sua forma eletrônica, como tema principal. As demais, que são o convite, a tomada de preços e a concorrência, não possuem os mesmos diferenciais que este, pois além de ser mais cômodo, possibilita, em relação as outras, maior celeridade, economia e transparência.
Introduction of Environmental Monitoring for the Sustainable Development of the Agro-Industrial Complex: The Method of the Genuine Savings Index
Authors: Khoruzhy Liudmila , Katkov Yuriy , Katkova Ekaterina , Romanova Anastasiya , Dzhikiya Meri 
Published: September 2023

Objective: The purpose of the study is to conduct a theoretical and methodological analysis of environmental monitoring both at the global and agro-industrial organizational levels. The article highlights the important problems associated with the anthropogenic impact of agro-industrial organizations on the environment and the need to balance development with environmental sustainability.

Methods: The study uses various methods, including monographic, economic-statistical, balance, economic modeling, and comparison. Along with this, the study analyzes the reports on the Environmental Performance Index (EPI) prepared by Yale and Columbia Universities, as well as an original methodology for calculating the genuine savings index at the organizational level.

Results: The content of the EPI is disclosed, and its dynamics over the past ten years for key economically developed countries are shown. A structural scheme of environmental monitoring is developed and substantiated, specially designed for agro-industrial organizations and firmly based on an environmentally oriented accounting and analytical system.

Conclusion: The original methodology for determining the genuine savings index of agricultural organizations is presented. An organization’s genuine savings index is determined and assessed based on the developed analytical map.
Analisis Kesulitan Membaca Permulaan Siswa Kelas Rendah
Authors: Mai Sri Lena Mai Sri Lena , Sartono Sartono , Wulan Mulyani Wulan Mulyani , Salsabila Annisa 
Published: September 2023

Dalam Penelitian dilakukan dalam upaya mengetahui sejauh apa kesulitan membaca kelas 1 - 3 di salah satu Sekolah Dasar Bukittinggi. dari pemahaman guru . Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian yang digunakan sebanyak 167 guru didapat secara Simple Random Sampling. Metode pengumpulan datanya adalah kuesioner. Instrumen pada penelitian ini menggunakan angket/kuesioner. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah penyebaran angket melalui aplikasi google from yang disebarkan kepada salah satu guru kepada guru lainnya. analisis deskriptif ialah metode analisis data yang dipakai . Dimana Setekah dilakukan penelitian didapatkan hasil bahwa ada aspek kurangnya pemahaman guru terhadap pedoman khusus dalam mengatasi kesulitan siswa dengan skor 9,6%. Selain itu, terdapat kurangnya pemahaman guru dalam menggunakan fasiltas atau sarana pendukung dalam membantu siswa yang kesulitan membaca dengan skor 9%. Selanjutnya, Kurangnya pemahaman guru lainnya adalah faktor-faktor penyebab siswa kesulitan dalam proses pengajaran membaca yaitu sebesar 7,8%. Terakhir, kurangnya pemahaman guru terhadap cara mengatasi siswa yang kesulitan belajar membaca agara kegiatan dapat berjalan lancar, dengan skor 7,8%. Karakteristik kurangnya pemahaman guru terhadap kesulitan membaca siswa yaitu: faktor penyebab siswa kesulitan membaca, pedoman khusus untuk guru dalam mengatasinya, cara/ teknik pengajaran guru yang sesuai dalam meminimalisir kesulitan siswa dalam membaca, dan fasilitas dan sarana belajar mengajar membaca siswa yang sesuai.
Allergic Bronchopulmonary Aspergillosis/Mycosis: An Underdiagnosed Disease
Authors: Oliveira Rodrigues Valle Solange , Sarquis Serpa Augusto , Sarquis Serpa Faradiba 
Published: September 2023

Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) is an immune-allergic disease of the lung due to a hypersensitivity reaction to antigens of Aspergillus fumigatus after colonization into the airways. Predominantly, it affects patients with bronchial asthma and those having cystic fibrosis (CF). Despite being recognized as a distinct entity nearly 70 years ago, this disease remains underdiagnosed. This may be due to the diagnostic methods employed, lack of standardized tests, and diagnostic criteria. The mainstay treatment for ABPA is systemic steroid. Azole antifungal agents represent an alternative for the treatment of exacerbations and are preferential strategy for corticosteroids sparing. Biologic drugs are expected to play an important role in the treatment of ABPA based on their mechanism in inhibition of type 2 inflammation, regulation of eosinophils and IgE levels, and modulation of inflammatory cytokines. Therefore, other studies are necessary for a better understanding of this disease so that an early detection can be done as well as a correct management.
Open science and the chemistry lab of the future.
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: September 2023

The title refers to an upcoming symposium on the topic on 22-24 May, 2017. I quote here some of the issues tabled for discussion: Which data do we want to save, how and why and how long? What really needs to be reproducible? Are current reporting standards being used sufficiently? Are the current procedures for depositing data too onerous for scientists? Will technology, through increasing automation, fix most of the problems?
CH⋅⋅⋅π Interactions between methyl and carbonyl groups in proteins: a small molecule check.
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: September 2023

Derek Lowe highlights a recent article[cite]10.1002/anie.201702626[/cite] postulating CH⋅⋅⋅π interactions in proteins. Here I report a quick check using the small molecule crystal structure database (CSD). The search query (DOI: 10.14469/hpc/2594) is shown below.
How does silane invert (its configuration)?
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: September 2023

In the previous post, I found intriguing the mechanism by which methane (CH
<sub>
4
</sub>
) inverts by transposing two of its hydrogens. Here I take a look at silane, SiH
<sub>
4
</sub>
. It appears it is a three-stage process! Firstly, silane eliminates molecular hydrogen to form a molecular complex between H
<sub>
2
<sub>
and SiH
</sub>
2
</sub>
(DOI: 10.14469/hpc/2290). The barrier (~60 kcal/mol) is very much lower than with methane.
The 2016 Bradley-Mason prize for open chemistry.
Authors: Rzepa Henry 
Published: September 2023

Peter Murray-Rust and I are delighted to announce that the 2016 award of the Bradley-Mason prize for open chemistry goes to Jan Szopinski (UG) and Clyde Fare (PG). Jan’s open chemistry derives from a final year project looking at why atom charges derived from quantum chemical calculation of the electronic density represent chemical information well, but the electrostatic potential (ESP) generated from these charges is very
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI, KOMPETENSI DAN MOTIVASI TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SEKOLAH MENENGAH PERTAMA DI MAJENE
Authors: Miftahur Rahman Hafid  
Published: September 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: Menganalisis dampak budaya organisasi terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene, Menganalisis pengaruh kompetensi terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene. Menganalisis pengaruh motivasi terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene, Menganalisis secara bersamaan pengaruh budaya organisasi, kompetensi, dan motivasi terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene.
Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis Regresi Berganda. Data penelitian diperoleh dari 50 guru Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene. Pendekatan penelitian ini bersifat kausal dan bersifat eksplanatori.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa: Budaya organisasi memiliki dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene, Ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin baik budaya organisasi, semakin baik pula kinerja guru, Kompetensi juga memiliki dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene, Ini mengindikasikan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat kompetensi, semakin baik kinerja guru, Motivasi memiliki dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene, Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat motivasi kerja guru, semakin baik pula kinerja mereka. Secara bersamaan, budaya organisasi, kompetensi, dan motivasi memiliki dampak positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja guru di Sekolah Menengah Pertama di Majene. Ini mengindikasikan bahwa semakin baik budaya organisasi, semakin tinggi kompetensi, dan semakin tinggi motivasi kerja guru, semakin baik pula kinerja mereka.
Peningkatan Layanan Konsumen Dalam Pengambilan Keputusan pada Model Transportasi Online di Rungkut Surabaya
Authors: Samsudin Acep , Nabiella Hanna Tsania 
Published: September 2023

With the development of today's modern era, there are many conveniences that can be accessed, one of which is traveling anywhere just by using online transportation services. However, consumers have several factors to consider in choosing online transportation services. their decisions on the online transportation model in the Rungkut area, Surabaya. The variable in this study is a single variable, namely decision making in the Rungkut area community, users of online transportation services. The data collection technique used is through library research using literature such as books, previous journals and references. The results of this study are improving services to consumers so that the decision-making process carried out by the people of the Rungkut area is more confident in using the online transportation model they use.
Keywords: online transportation, decision making, consumer service improvement
L’analyse comportementale du jugement judiciaire dans l’angle mort des études sociojuridiques francophones au Canada
Authors: Bédard-Rubin Jean-Christophe 
Published: September 2023

Depuis l’adoption de la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés, les juristes et les politologues canadiens-anglais sont allés puiser en nombre grandissant dans les études américaines pour trouver les outils méthodologiques et théoriques permettant d’expliquer le comportement des juges. S’appuyant sur une conception réaliste plutôt que légaliste du jugement judiciaire, les modèles comportementaux qu’ils ont ainsi cherché à élaborer intègrent une multitude de facteurs indépendants du droit pour expliquer les décisions des juges : cultivation stratégique de la légitimité de la part de la Cour suprême, négociation entre juges pour créer des consensus, influence des caractéristiques personnelles ou des orientations idéologiques des juges sur leurs décisions, etc. Cependant, toutes les théories avancées dans la littérature américaine ne se sont pas révélées également satisfaisantes pour expliquer la réalité canadienne. Les chercheurs francophones sont quant à eux restés largement à l’écart du développement de ce nouveau champ d’études. L’analyse comportementale du jugement judiciaire permettrait pourtant de penser à nouveaux frais de nombreuses questions qui les ont traditionnellement intéressés. Plusieurs raisons expliquent ces divergences dont l’histoire constitutionnelle récente et la culture politique québécoise qui ont contribué à garder les tribunaux à l’arrière-plan dans l’étude du changement social et politique ainsi que la structure du champ universitaire québécois et les divisions entre disciplines qui ont eu tendance à favoriser une conception de l’interdisciplinarité comme outil au service de l’analyse doctrinale traditionnelle. L’exemple du bilinguisme des juges de la Cour suprême du Canada permet d’illustrer les conséquences politiques et épistémologiques que peut avoir le développement de ce champ de recherche sans l’apport des chercheurs francophones.
Un rendez-vous manqué avec l’accès à la justice : le projet d’un tribunal unifié de la famille au Québec
Authors: Costanzo Valérie P. 
Published: September 2023

Au Québec, la création d’un tribunal unifié de la famille (TUF) est proposée depuis les années 70 comme une solution à nombre d’enjeux d’accès à la justice familiale. Bien que le projet se soit concrétisé dans plusieurs provinces canadiennes, il est resté lettre morte dans la belle province. L’autrice trace le portrait des avantages d’un TUF pour les justiciables et met en évidence les causes expliquant le maintien du statu quo. Elle expose d’abord les barrières auxquelles font face les justiciables dans le système de justice familiale actuel afin de présenter les promesses d’un TUF à la lumière de l’expérience d’autres provinces canadiennes.

Ensuite, son étude des travaux relatifs à la création d’un TUF de l’Assemblée nationale du Québec à partir des années 70 lui permet de déterminer les blocages à cet égard. Par le fait même, l’autrice évalue la teneur des propos des divers acteurs et la place accordée à l’accès à la justice. Son analyse révèle que les enjeux liés au fédéralisme dominent ces discours et démontre la manière dont les barrières politiques entravent les réformes touchant l’accès à la justice.
Défis et obstacles au repérage et à l’intervention en matière de violence conjugale lors de la période périnatale : principaux constats issus de l’expérience professionnelle auprès des familles
Authors: Lévesque Sylvie , Boulebsol Carole , Lavergne Chantal , Poissant Julie , Giguère Nadia , Angers Marie-Noëlle , Dunn Monica , Nault Maëcha 
Published: September 2023

La violence conjugale lors de la période périnatale (VCPP) est une préoccupation sociale et de santé importante. Afin de documenter les pratiques de repérage et d’intervention en VCPP au Québec, 29 intervenant·es de différents milieux ont participé à des groupes de discussion focalisés réalisés entre les mois de décembre 2019 et mars 2020. Trois thèmes centraux ont été dégagés : 1) la présence de pratiques de repérage très variables; 2) la mécompréhension et la banalisation de la VCPP ainsi que des écarts d’analyse et de pratiques entre les professionnel·les; et finalement 3) les barrières structurelles comme frein important dans le repérage et l’intervention en VCPP. Ces résultats pourront guider l’amélioration des services en VCPP.
Strategies and Technologies in Weed Management: A Comprehensive Review
Authors: Moond Vishnu , Panotra Narinder , P. Ashoka , Saikanth D. R. K. , Singh Gurinder , Prabhavathi N. , Verma Badal 
Published: September 2023

The global burden of weed infestations presents profound challenges for agricultural productivity, economic profitability, and environmental sustainability. This comprehensive review encapsulates a broad spectrum of weed management strategies, examining traditional practices and probing into the frontier of emerging technologies. The review begins by elucidating the historical context and significance of weed management, substantiated by a diverse range of scholarly works. We explore the complex nature of weeds, including their definitions, classifications, and the multifaceted impacts they exert on agriculture, ecosystems, and, where applicable, human health. Traditional weed management strategies, encompassing manual, cultural, biological, and chemical controls, are discussed with a balanced evaluation of their merits and demerits, supported by a wide array of research. The core of this review is an in-depth analysis of burgeoning technologies in weed management, comprising precision agriculture, genomic approaches, and robotic weed control, among others. We provide case studies highlighting the effectiveness of these innovations, while also addressing potential implementation challenges. Further, the review engages in an evaluation of the environmental and socioeconomic implications of both traditional and modern weed management strategies.
Discussion: Around the environmental footprint of weed control, the economic benefits, potential downsides, and labor issues are corroborated by substantial literature. Recognizing the limitations of current strategies and the challenges posed by the implementation of nascent technologies, the review culminates in an exploration of prospective directions for weed management. Considering the continuous technological advancements, a future replete with precise, sustainable strategies, and the advent of smart systems, fortified by artificial intelligence and machine learning is anticipated. Moreover, the importance of fostering interdisciplinary collaborations and recommendation of the development of policies that incentivize the adoption of sustainable weed management practices are underestimated. This review, consequently, serves as a sound source for researchers, practitioners, and policy-makers in charting the course of new endeavors in weed management.
Morphological Characterization and Pathogenicity Test of Alternaria Leaf Spot of Chinese Cabbage (Brassica chinensis L.)
Authors: Patel Shyam Narayan , Kumar Pradip , Raghuvanshi Vishwa Vijay , Patel Suraj Kumar , Siddharth Prabha , Singh Abhishek , Milan Anand 
Published: September 2023

Chinese cabbage (Brassica chinensis L.) is an important leafy vegetable crop. It has good nutritional and medicinal value. Among all diseases affecting the plant, Alternaria leaf spot is a serious disease hampering its successful cultivation. Keeping in view this serious implication, an experiment on Alternaria leaf spot of Chinese cabbage caused by Alternaria brassicae, A. brassicicola and A. alternata was carried out at Main Experimental Station, Vegetable of ANDUA&T, Kumarganj Ayodhya for studying a means to effectively manage the disease. The disease was first appeared in the first week of November as small, yellow to brown spots with a light green to yellow halo. As the disease advances, several lesions coalesced, giving a blighted appearance. Stem and pods were also affected by the disease. The pathogen was readily isolated on 2% Potato Dextrose Agar medium and pathogenicity was proved following Koch's postulates. Cultural and morphological characters were observed as colonies of pure black amphigenous, effused, radial growth, conidia light brown to black in colour. The size of the conidia of A. brassicae, A. brassicicola and A. alternata were found 110.16 -162.0 µm, 94.08 – 120.72 µm and 25.44 - 46.32 µm, having septal variation 5-11, 0-8 and 2-6, respectively.
Identifying the optimal deep learning architecture and parameters for automatic beam aperture definition in 3D radiotherapy
Authors: Gay Skylar S. , Kisling Kelly D. , Anderson Brian M. , Zhang Lifei , Rhee Dong Joo , Nguyen Callistus , Netherton Tucker , Yang Jinzhong , Brock Kristy , Jhingran Anuja , Simonds Hannah , Klopp Ann , Beadle Beth M. , Court Laurence E. , Cardenas Carlos E. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPurposeTwo‐dimensional radiotherapy is often used to treat cervical cancer in low‐ and middle‐income countries, but treatment planning can be challenging and time‐consuming. Neural networks offer the potential to greatly decrease planning time through automation, but the impact of the wide range of hyperparameters to be set during training on model accuracy has not been exhaustively investigated. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of several convolutional neural network architectures and hyperparameters on 2D radiotherapy treatment field delineation.MethodsSix commonly used deep learning architectures were trained to delineate four‐field box apertures on digitally reconstructed radiographs for cervical cancer radiotherapy. A comprehensive search of optimal hyperparameters for all models was conducted by varying the initial learning rate, image normalization methods, and (when appropriate) convolutional kernel size, the number of learnable parameters via network depth and the number of feature maps per convolution, and nonlinear activation functions. This yielded over 1700 unique models, which were all trained until performance converged and then tested on a separate dataset.ResultsOf all hyperparameters, the choice of initial learning rate was most consistently significant for improved performance on the test set, with all top‐performing models using learning rates of 0.0001. The optimal image normalization was not consistent across architectures. High overlap (mean Dice similarity coefficient = 0.98) and surface distance agreement (mean surface distance < 2 mm) were achieved between the treatment field apertures for all architectures using the identified best hyperparameters. Overlap Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and distance metrics (mean surface distance and Hausdorff distance) indicated that DeepLabv3+ and D‐LinkNet architectures were least sensitive to initial hyperparameter selection.ConclusionDeepLabv3+ and D‐LinkNet are most robust to initial hyperparameter selection. Learning rate, nonlinear activation function, and kernel size are also important hyperparameters for improving performance.
Efficient, Near‐Infrared Light‐Induced Photoclick Reaction Enabled by Upconversion Nanoparticles
Authors: Fu Youxin , Wu Kefan , Alachouzos Georgios , Simeth Nadja A. , Freese Thomas , Falkowski Michal , Szymanski Wiktor , Zhang Hong , Feringa Ben L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPhotoclick reactions combine the selectivity of classical click chemistry with the high precision and spatiotemporal control afforded by light, finding diverse utility in surface customization, polymer conjugation, photocross‐linking, protein labeling, and bioimaging. Nonetheless, UV light, pivotal in prevailing photoclick reactions, poses issues, especially in biological contexts, due to its limited tissue penetration and cell‐toxic nature. Herein, a reliable and versatile strategy of activating the photoclick reactions of 9,10‐phenanthrenequinones (PQs) with electron‐rich alkenes (ERAs) with near infrared (NIR) light transduced by spectrally and structurally customized upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) is introduced. Under NIR irradiation, the UCNPs become UV/blue nanoemitters uniformly distributed in the reaction system. Enabled by the customized UCNPs, 800 or 980 nm light effectively activates the photocycloaddition reactions via radiative energy transfer in both general and triplet–triplet energy transfer (TTET)‐mediated PQ‐ERA systems. In particular, the novel sandwich structure UCNPs achieve the click reaction with up to 76% production yield in 10 min under NIR light irradiation. Meanwhile, the tricky side effect of photoclick product absorption‐induced quenching is successfully circumvented from the fine‐tuning of the upconversion spectrum. Moreover, through‐tissue irradiation experiments, the authors show that the UCNP‐PQ‐ERA reaction unlocks the full potential of photoclick reactions for in vivo applications.