bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification and investigation of depression-related molecular subtypes in inflammatory bowel disease and the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of paroxetine
Authors: Ning Lijun , Wang Xinyuan , Xuan Baoqin , Ma Yanru , Yan Yuqing , Gao Ziyun , Tong Tianying , Cui Zhe , Chen Haoyan , Li Xiaobo , Hong Jie , Wang Zhenhua 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundUp to 40 per cent of people with active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) also suffer from mood disorders such as anxiety and depression. Notwithstanding, the fundamental biological pathways driving depression in IBD remain unknown.MethodsWe identified 33 core genes that drive depression in IBD patients and performed consensus molecular subtyping with the NMF algorithm in IBD. The CIBERSORT were employed to quantify the immune cells. Metabolic signature was characterized using the “IOBR” R package. The scoring system (D. score) based on PCA. Pre-clinical models are constructed using DSS.ResultsUsing transcriptome data from the GEO database of 630 IBD patients, we performed a thorough analysis of the correlation between IBD and depression in this research. Firstly, the samples were separated into two different molecular subtypes (D. cluster1 and D. cluster2) based on their biological signatures. Moreover, the immunological and metabolic differences between them were evaluated, and we discovered that D. cluster2 most closely resembled IBD patients concomitant with depression. We also developed a scoring system to assess the IBD-related depression and predict clinical response to anti-TNF- therapy, with a higher D. score suggesting more inflammation and worse reaction to biological therapies. Ultimately, we also identified through animal experiments an antidepressant, paroxetine, has the added benefit of lowering intestinal inflammation by controlling microorganisms in the digestive tract.ConclusionsThis study highlights that IBD patients with or without depression show significant variations and antidepressant paroxetine may help reduce intestinal inflammation.
Effects of the radio electric asymmetric conveyer (REAC) on motor disorders: An integrative review
Authors: Machado Vinícius Gomes , Brun Ana Beatriz Sorgenfrei , Manffra Elisangela Ferretti 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionThe radio electric asymmetric conveyer (REAC) is a technology that has the purpose of restoring the cellular polarity triggering the rebalancing of the endogenous bioelectric field, which considering the neurological dysfunctions, affects the neural communication mechanisms. The studies published so far show that the REAC neuromodulation technology has positive effects in treating these dysfunctions, with the principles of endogenous bioelectricity as a basis to achieve these effects.ObjectivesThis study aims to review the literature that explored the effects of REAC protocols on motor control and to identify which mechanisms would be involved.Materials and methodsThis integrative review considered studies that used REAC as a therapeutic intervention directed at human motor control and experimental research with animals that applied REAC to obtain effects related to motor behavior.ResultsTen articles were included, eight clinical and two experimental studies. The clinical studies used the neuro postural optimization (NPO) protocol in 473 patients, of which 53 were healthy subjects, 91 were Alzheimer's disease patients, 128 were patients with atypical swallowing, 12 subjects with neurological diseases, and 189 were without the specification of disease. The experimental studies used the antalgic neuromodulation and neurodegeneration protocols in animal models.ConclusionThe information integrated in this review made it possible to consider REAC technology a promising resource for treating motor control dysfunctions. It is possible to infer that the technology promotes functional optimization of neuronal circuits that may be related to more efficient strategies to perform motor tasks.
Exploring the common pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus via microarray data analysis
Authors: Ye Xian-wen , Liu Meng-nan , Wang Xuan , Cheng Shui-qing , Li Chun-shuai , Bai Yu-ying , Yang Lin-lin , Wang Xu-xing , Wen Jia , Xu Wen-juan , Zhang Shu-yan , Xu Xin-fang , Li Xiang-ri 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundAlzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) have an increased incidence in modern society. Although more and more evidence has supported that DM is prone to AD, the interrelational mechanisms remain fully elucidated.PurposeThe primary purpose of this study is to explore the shared pathophysiological mechanisms of AD and DM.MethodsDownload the expression matrix of AD and DM from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database with sequence numbers GSE97760 and GSE95849, respectively. The common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by limma package analysis. Then we analyzed the six kinds of module analysis: gene functional annotation, protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, potential drug screening, immune cell infiltration, hub genes identification and validation, and prediction of transcription factors (TFs).ResultsThe subsequent analyses included 339 common DEGs, and the importance of immunity, hormone, cytokines, neurotransmitters, and insulin in these diseases was underscored by functional analysis. In addition, serotonergic synapse, ovarian steroidogenesis, estrogen signaling pathway, and regulation of lipolysis are closely related to both. DEGs were input into the CMap database to screen small molecule compounds with the potential to reverse AD and DM pathological functions. L-690488, exemestane, and BMS-345541 ranked top three among the screened small molecule compounds. Finally, 10 essential hub genes were identified using cytoHubba, including PTGS2, RAB10, LRRK2, SOS1, EEA1, NF1, RAB14, ADCY5, RAPGEF3, and PRKACG. For the characteristic Aβ and Tau pathology of AD, RAPGEF3 was associated significantly positively with AD and NF1 significantly negatively with AD. In addition, we also found ADCY5 and NF1 significant correlations with DM phenotypes. Other datasets verified that NF1, RAB14, ADCY5, and RAPGEF3 could be used as key markers of DM complicated with AD. Meanwhile, the immune cell infiltration score reflects the different cellular immune microenvironments of the two diseases.ConclusionThe common pathogenesis of AD and DM was revealed in our research. These common pathways and hub genes directions for further exploration of the pathogenesis or treatment of these two diseases.
Micronutrients and risks of three main urologic cancers: A mendelian randomization study
Authors: Lu Yi , Su Hao , Wang Yutao , Li Hongjun 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe effect of micronutrients on urologic cancers has been explored in observational studies. We conducted the two-sample mendelian randomization (TSMR) study to investigate whether micronutrients could causally influence the risk of urologic cancers.MethodsSummary statistics for four micronutrients and three main urologic cancers outcomes were obtained from genome-wide association studies (GWAS). MR analyses were applied to explore the potential causal association between them. Sensitivity analyses using multiple methods were also conducted.ResultsGenetically predicted one SD increase in serum copper and iron concentrations was causally associated with increased risks of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) (OR = 3.021, 95%CI = 2.204–4.687, P &lt; 0.001, male; OR = 2.231, 95%CI = 1.524-3.953, P &lt; 0.001, female; OR = 1.595, 95%CI = 1.310–1.758, P = 0.0238, male; OR = 1.484, 95%CI = 1.197–2.337, P = 0.0210, female, respectively) and per SD increase in serum zinc levels was related to decreased risks of RCC (OR = 0.131, 95%CI = 0.0159–0.208, P &lt; 0.001, male; OR = 0.124, 95%CI = 0.0434–0.356, P &lt; 0.001, female). No significant results were observed between micronutrients and the risk of bladder cancer after Bonferroni correction. Additionally, per SD increase in serum zinc level was associated with a 5.8% higher risk of prostate cancer (PCa) [OR = 1.058, 95%CI = 1.002–1.116, P = 0.0403, inverse-variance weight (IVW)].ConclusionsMicronutrients play a vital role in the development of urological tumors. Future studies are required to replicate the findings, explore the underlying mechanisms, and examine the preventive or therapeutic role of micronutrients in clinical settings.
The combination of hand grip strength and modified Glasgow prognostic score predicts clinical outcomes in patients with liver cancer
Authors: Chen Yue , Ruan Guo-Tian , Shi Jin-Yu , Liu Tong , Liu Chen-An , Xie Hai-Lun , Song Meng-Meng , Wang Zi-Wen , Hu Chun-Lei , Zhang He-Yang , Zhang Xiao-Wei , Tian Hai-Ying , Ge Yi-Zhong , Yang Ming , Liu Yu-Ying , Lin Shi-Qi , Liu Xiao-Yue , Zheng Xin , Wang Kun-Hua , Cong Ming-Hua , Shen Xian , Wang Xin , Deng Li , Shi Han-Ping 
Published: February 2023

PurposePrevious studies have shown that both hand grip strength (HGS) and the modified Glasgow Prognostic Score (mGPS) are associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with liver cancer. In spite of this, no relevant studies have been conducted to determine whether the combination of HGS and mGPS can predict the prognosis of patients with liver cancer. Accordingly, this study sought to explore this possibility.MethodsThis was a multicenter study of patients with liver cancer. Based on the optimal HGS cutoff value for each sex, we determined the HGS cutoff values. The patients were divided into high and low HGS groups based on their HGS scores. An mGPS of 0 was defined as low mGPS, whereas scores higher than 0 were defined as high mGPS. The patients were combined into HGS-mGPS groups for the prediction of survival. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan–Meier curves. A Cox regression model was designed and adjusted for confounders. To evaluate the nomogram model, receiver operating characteristic curves and calibration curves were used.ResultsA total of 504 patients were enrolled in this study. Of these, 386 (76.6%) were men (mean [SD] age, 56.63 [12.06] years). Multivariate analysis revealed that patients with low HGS and high mGPS had a higher risk of death than those with neither low HGS nor high mGPS (hazard ratio [HR],1.50; 95% confidence interval [CI],1.14–1.98; p = 0.001 and HR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.14–2.12, p = 0.001 respectively). Patients with both low HGS and high mGPS had 2.35-fold increased risk of death (HR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.52–3.63; p &lt; 0.001). The area under the curve of HGS-mGPS was 0.623. The calibration curve demonstrated the validity of the HGS-mGPS nomogram model for predicting the survival of patients with liver cancer.ConclusionA combination of low HGS and high mGPS is associated with poor prognosis in patients with liver cancer. The combination of HGS and mGPS can predict the prognosis of liver cancer more accurately than HGS or mGPS alone. The nomogram model developed in this study can effectively predict the survival outcomes of liver cancer.
Prediction models for chronic postsurgical pain in patients with breast cancer based on machine learning approaches
Authors: Sun Chen , Li Mohan , Lan Ling , Pei Lijian , Zhang Yuelun , Tan Gang , Zhang Zhiyong , Huang Yuguang 
Published: February 2023

PurposeThis study aimed to develop prediction models for chronic postsurgical pain (CPSP) after breast cancer surgery using machine learning approaches and evaluate their performance.MethodsThe study was a secondary analysis based on a high-quality dataset from a randomized controlled trial (NCT00418457), including patients with primary breast cancer undergoing mastectomy. The primary outcome was CPSP at 12 months after surgery, defined as modified Brief Pain Inventory &gt; 0. The dataset was randomly split into a training dataset (90%) and a testing dataset (10%). Variables were selected using recursive feature elimination combined with clinical experience, and potential predictors were then incorporated into three machine learning models, including random forest, gradient boosting decision tree and extreme gradient boosting models for outcome prediction, as well as logistic regression. The performances of these four models were tested and compared.Results1152 patients were finally included, of which 22.1% developed CPSP at 12 months after breast cancer surgery. The 6 leading predictors were higher numerical rating scale within 2 days after surgery, post-menopausal status, urban medical insurance, history of at least one operation, under fentanyl with sevoflurane general anesthesia, and received axillary lymph node dissection. Compared with the multivariable logistic regression model, machine learning models showed better specificity, positive likelihood ratio and positive predictive value, helping to identify high-risk patients more accurately and create opportunities for early clinical intervention.ConclusionsOur study developed prediction models for CPSP after breast cancer surgery based on machine learning approaches, which may help to identify high-risk patients and improve patients’ management after breast cancer.
Clinical management of molecular alterations identified by high throughput sequencing in patients with advanced solid tumors in treatment failure: Real-world data from a French hospital
Authors: Pinet Sandra , Durand Stéphanie , Perani Alexandre , Darnaud Léa , Amadjikpe Fifame , Yon Mathieu , Darbas Tiffany , Vergnenegre Alain , Egenod Thomas , Simonneau Yannick , Le Brun-Ly Valérie , Pestre Julia , Venat Laurence , Thuillier Frédéric , Chaunavel Alain , Duchesne Mathilde , Fermeaux Véronique , Guyot Anne , Lacorre Sylvain , Bessette Barbara , Lalloué Fabrice , Durand Karine , Deluche Elise 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundIn the context of personalized medicine, screening patients to identify targetable molecular alterations is essential for therapeutic decisions such as inclusion in clinical trials, early access to therapies, or compassionate treatment. The objective of this study was to determine the real-world impact of routine incorporation of FoundationOne analysis in cancers with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options, or in those progressing after at least one course of standard therapy.MethodsA FoundationOneCDx panel for solid tumor or liquid biopsy samples was offered to 204 eligible patients.ResultsSamples from 150 patients were processed for genomic testing, with a data acquisition success rate of 93%. The analysis identified 2419 gene alterations, with a median of 11 alterations per tumor (range, 0–86). The most common or likely pathogenic variants were on TP53, TERT, PI3KCA, CDKN2A/B, KRAS, CCDN1, FGF19, FGF3, and SMAD4. The median tumor mutation burden was three mutations/Mb (range, 0–117) in 143 patients with available data. Of 150 patients with known or likely pathogenic actionable alterations, 13 (8.6%) received matched targeted therapy. Sixty-nine patients underwent Molecular Tumor Board, which resulted in recommendations in 60 cases. Treatment with genotype-directed therapy had no impact on overall survival (13 months vs. 14 months; p = 0.95; hazard ratio = 1.04 (95% confidence interval, 0.48–2.26)].ConclusionsThis study highlights that an organized center with a Multidisciplinary Molecular Tumor Board and an NGS screening system can obtain satisfactory results comparable with those of large centers for including patients in clinical trials.
Case report: A case of delayed cutaneous metastases from signet-ring cell mixed-type gastric cancer
Authors: Yao Shaohua , Zhou Peng , Li Yiqing , Li Qin 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundSignet-ring cell gastric carcinoma is a highly malignant tumor, with the characteristics of strong invasiveness, rapid progression, a high degree of malignancy, and generally poor prognosis. The most common site of metastases is the abdominal organs, especially the liver, while delayed cutaneous metastases are rare.Case presentationWe report a case of cutaneous metastases on the head, groin, and thigh, which recurred 7 years after signet-ring cell gastric carcinoma surgery. The patient was diagnosed with a 2.0×1.5×1.0cm tumor at the angle of stomach, and treated with Billroth II distal gastrectomy accompanied with D2 lymph node dissection. According the pathology, the stage was pT1N3M0. Then the patient received two cycles of oxaliplatin and tegafur chemotherapy, which was discontinued due to the inability to tolerate the side effects of chemotherapy. Seven years after the surgery, the patient initially presented with a fleshy mass on the head and beaded nodules in the groin; then, the mass gradually became larger, along with the thighs turning red, swollen, and crusty. Firstly, the patient was diagnosed with “lower extremity lymphangitis” and treated mostly with anti-inflammatory, promote lymphatic return, detumescence and elastic force cannula in vascular surgery department. However, the symptoms relieved insufficient. Finally, the skin biopsy indicates a signet-ring cell gastric carcinoma cutaneous metastasis. The whole-body PET-CT examination showed multiple nodules with increased metabolism. Then the patient was transferred to The Department of Oncology for further chemotherapy.ConclusionOur case highlights that gastric tumor recurrence and metastasis should be highly suspected when skin lesions appear in patients with signet-ring cell gastric carcinoma. At the same time, multidisciplinary consultation and close cooperation between surgeons, oncologists, and dermatologists are of great significance to the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.
Reduced radiation exposure to circulating blood cells in proton therapy compared with X-ray therapy in locally advanced lung cancer: Computational simulation based on circulating blood cells
Authors: Kim Nalee , Shin Jungwook , Ahn Sung Hwan , Pyo Hongryull , Noh Jae Myoung , Yang Kyungmi , Lee Woojin , Park Byoungsuk 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundWe estimated the dose of circulating blood cells (CBCs) in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer for predicting severe radiation-induced lymphopenia (SRIL) and compared pencil-beam scanning proton therapy (PBSPT) and intensity-modulated (photon) radiotherapy (IMRT).Materials and methodsAfter reviewing 325 patients who received definitive chemoradiotherapy with PBSPT (n = 37) or IMRT (n = 164). SRIL was diagnosed when two or more events of an absolute lymphocyte count &lt; 200 µL occurred during the treatment course. Dose information for the heart and lungs was utilized for the time-dependent computational dose calculation of CBCs.ResultsThe dose distribution of CBCs was significantly lesser in the PBSPT group than that in the IMRT group. Overall, 75 (37.3%) patients experienced SRIL during the treatment course; 72 and 3 patients were treated with IMRT and PBSPT, respectively. SRIL was associated with poor progression-free and overall survival outcomes. Upon incorporating the dose information of CBCs for predicting SRIL, CBC D90% &gt; 2.6 GyE was associated with the development of SRIL with the baseline lymphocyte count and target volume. Furthermore, PBSPT significantly reduced the dose of CBC D90% (odds ratio = 0.11; p = 0.004) compared with IMRT.ConclusionThe results of this study demonstrate the significance of the dose distribution of CBCs in predicting SRIL. Furthermore, reducing the dose of CBCs after PBSPT minimized the risk of SRIL. Lymphocyte-sparing radiotherapy in PBSPT could improve outcomes, particularly in the setting of maintenance immunotherapy.
Body size and brain volumetry in the rat following prolonged morphine administration in infancy and adulthood
Authors: Taylor Milo , Cheng Anya Brooke , Hodkinson Duncan Jack , Afacan Onur , Zurakowski David , Bajic Dusica 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundProlonged morphine treatment in infancy is associated with a high incidence of opioid tolerance and dependence, but our knowledge of the long-term consequences of this treatment is sparse. Using a rodent model, we examined the (1) short- and (2) long-term effects of prolonged morphine administration in infancy on body weight and brain volume, and (3) we evaluated if subsequent dosing in adulthood poses an increased brain vulnerability.MethodsNewborn rats received subcutaneous injections of either morphine or equal volume of saline twice daily for the first two weeks of life. In adulthood, animals received an additional two weeks of saline or morphine injections before undergoing structural brain MRI. After completion of treatment, structural T2-weigthed MRI images were acquired on a 7 T preclinical scanner (Bruker) using a RARE FSE sequence. Total and regional brain volumes were manually extracted from the MRI images using ITK-SNAP (v.3.6). Regions of interest included the brainstem, the cerebellum, as well as the forebrain and its components: the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and deep gray matter (including basal ganglia, thalamus, hypothalamus, ventral tegmental area). Absolute (cm3) and normalized (as % total brain volume) values were compared using a one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD post-hoc test.ResultsProlonged morphine administration in infancy was associated with lower body weight and globally smaller brain volumes, which was not different between the sexes. In adulthood, females had lower body weights than males, but no difference was observed in brain volumes between treatment groups. Our results are suggestive of no long-term effect of prolonged morphine treatment in infancy with respect to body weight and brain size in either sex. Interestingly, prolonged morphine administration in adulthood was associated with smaller brain volumes that differed by sex only in case of previous exposure to morphine in infancy. Specifically, we report significantly smaller total brain volume of female rats on account of decreased volumes of forebrain and cortex.ConclusionsOur study provides insight into the short- and long-term consequences of prolonged morphine administration in an infant rat model and suggests brain vulnerability to subsequent exposure in adulthood that might differ with sex.
Psychometric properties and normative data of the childhood trauma questionnaire-short form in Chinese adolescents
Authors: Peng Chang , Cheng Junhan , Rong Fajuan , Wang Yan , Yu Yizhen 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF) is a widely utilized instrument of childhood maltreatment (CM). However, psychometric properties and normative data of the CTQ-SF for Chinese adolescents are still unknown.ObjectiveTo examine psychometric properties and normative data of Chinese version CTQ-SF in a nationally representative sample of Chinese adolescents, including internal consistency reliability, test–retest reliability, structural validity, and convergent validity.MethodA total of 20,951 adolescents aged 12 to 18 years were recruited from five provinces across China. Item analysis was used for 25 clinical items of the CTQ-SF. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to examine fit indices of the factor structure. The Adverse Childhood Experiences Scale (ACEs) was used to evaluate convergent validity. The percentile ranks for scores of the CTQ-SF and each subscales were presented.ResultsAccording to the results of three methods in Item analysis, Item 4 should be dropped. The remaining 24 clinical items achieved satisfactory fits in an alternative four-factor model. The alternative CTQ-SF showed acceptable internal consistency and the Cronbach’s α of the four subscales was 0.824 (Neglect), 0.755 (Sexual Abuse), 0.713 (Physical Abuse), and 0.666 (Emotional Abuse), respectively. Besides, test–retest reliability and convergent validity of the alternative CTQ-SF were also acceptable.ConclusionThe alternative four-factor model CTQ-SF exhibits good reliability and validity among Chinese adolescents. Additionally, the normative information of the CTQ-SF could provide practical support for determining severity of different subtypes of CM.