bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermoreversible Tissue Adhesion with Hydrogel Through a Topological Entanglement Approach
Authors: Gao Yang , Zhao Fei , Jiang Xiaochun , Zhang Wen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAchieving thermoreversible adhesion between hydrogel and living tissues in a facile way is challenging. Existing strategies bring difficulty to the chemical design and synthesis of hydrogels. Herein, an approach to achieve tough thermoreversible tissue adhesion with hydrogel is proposed, which uses a polymer solution with heat‐induced sol‐gel transition as the interfacial polymer matrix, with no chemical design required for the hydrogel network. When the interfacial polymer matrix is introduced to the interface of the hydrogel and living tissues, it can gelate in situ within the substrate networks under a temperature stimulus, and topologically entangle with the preexisting networks of the substrates, which generates a strong adhesion. By triggering with another temperature stimulus, the newly formed network dissociates to realize an easy detachment. Thermoreversible adhesion is demonstrated between polyacrylamide hydrogel and various porcine tissues as examples, and the mechanism of this adhesion strategy is studied by varying various influence factors. A theoretical model that can fit and predict the effects of different parameters on the adhesion energies is also established. This adhesion strategy based on topological entanglement among a thermoreversible polymer system and the substrates may broaden the achieving methods of thermoreversible tissue adhesion.
Innovative advancement of contact lenses for noninvasive diagnosis and therapy: A mini review
Authors: Wen Xin , Liu Qingping , Zhang Mingzhi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith the growth of the market and the number of wearers, contact lenses have been widely used for vision correction and cosmetic purposes for a few years. The current study opens up a new path for their applications. On the one hand, contact lenses are ideal sensing platforms due to advances in the monitoring of relevant indicators in tears such as glucose and intraocular pressure. Aside from detecting a single analyte at a time, multifunctional contact lens sensors were proposed to monitor two or more indicators at the same time. Contact lenses, on the other hand, are also suitable drug delivery platforms due to their good biocompatibility and long contact duration with the cornea. Different drug delivery approaches are being investigated to increase drug duration and bioavailability. In addition, the integration of these novel drug delivery methods into wearable sensors has become a topic for a complete closed‐loop program for disease management. We began this review by summarizing the categories and properties of current contact lenses. Then, innovative applications of contact lenses such as biosensors and drug delivery systems were also summarized. In general, the current progress in the applications of contact lenses provides a new possibility for noninvasive diagnosis and therapy of ocular diseases.
Effects of Estuarine Environmental Heterogeneity on the Habitat of Gobiidea Species Larvae
Authors: Zhai Lu , Li Zengguang , Wan Rong , Tian Siquan , Song Pengbo , Lin Jun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In aquatic ecosystems around the world, gobies comprise one of the most diverse groups of fishes in estuaries. The Yangtze River estuary, the biggest estuary in the western Pacific, is a major habitat for larval gobies, with the peak spawning and breeding season occurring during late spring and summer. To investigate the adaptation mechanism of larval gobies to environmental factors, three models (a global generalized linear model, a generalized additive model, and a geographically weighted Poisson regression) were used to simulate and forecast the major habitat distributions of larval gobies based on the survey data from 2018 to 2020. Six species of gobies were studied: Rhinogobius giurinu, Odontamblyopus rubicundus, Tridentiger barbatus, Parachaeturichthys polynema, Tridentiger trigonocephalus, and Trypauchen vagina. The habitats for brackish species T. barbatus were mainly in freshwater (where, using the practical salinity scale, salinity is 0–1) of the south branch, whereas the marine species P. polynema was mainly caught in oligohaline waters (where salinity is 1–5) of the north branch. The other euryhaline species were near the exit of the north branch or dispersed throughout the surveyed region. Year, season, salinity, and sample location had significant effects (P &lt; 0.001) on determining the habitat distributions of larval gobies. The geographically weighted Poisson regression identified that the temperature, depth, distance from the coast, and chlorophyll a had a significant effect (P &lt; 0.001) on the local distribution of habitats. This work supplements information about the distribution of major habitats and their interactions with the environment for the ecologically important species of goby in the Yangtze estuary during the larval stage, and the conclusions provide a basis for the management of aquatic ecosystems and biological habitats.
Augmenting bioactivity by docking‐generated multiple ligand poses to enhance machine learning and pharmacophore modelling: discovery of new TTK inhibitors as case study
Authors: AL‐Imam Amenah M. , Daoud Safa , Hatmal Ma'mon M. , Taha Mutasem Omar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDual specificity protein kinase threonine/Tyrosine kinase (TTK) is one of the mitotic kinases. High levels of TTK are detected in several types of cancer. Hence, TTK inhibition is considered a promising therapeutic anti‐cancer strategy. In this work, we used multiple docked poses of TTK inhibitors to augment training data for machine learning QSAR modeling. Ligand‐Receptor Contacts Fingerprints and docking scoring values were used as descriptor variables. Escalating docking‐scoring consensus levels were scanned against orthogonal machine learners, and the best learners (Random Forests and XGBoost) were coupled with genetic algorithm and Shapley additive explanations (SHAP) to determine critical descriptors for predicting anti‐TTK bioactivity and for pharmacophore generation. Three successful pharmacophores were deduced and subsequently used for in silico screening against the NCI database. A total of 14 hits were evaluated in vitro for their anti‐TTK bioactivities. One hit of novel chemotype showed reasonable dose‐response curve with experimental IC50 of 1.0 μM. The presented work indicates the validity of data augmentation using multiple docked poses for building successful machine learning models and pharmacophore hypotheses.
Metabolomic profiling of plasma reveals potential biomarkers for screening and early diagnosis of gastric cancer and precancerous stages
Authors: Du Lijing , Li Shasha , Xiao Xue , Li Jin , Sun Yuanfang , Ji Shuai , Jin Huizi , Hua Zhaolai , Ma Juming , Wang Xi , Yan Shikai 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGastric cancer (GC) faces a great challenge in clinical diagnosis, that it often is detected at advanced stages and there is a loss of optimum time for treatment. Thus, it is necessary to develop effective strategies for diagnosis of GC. In this study, 82 participants were enrolled, including 50 chronic superficial gastritis (CSG) patients, 7 early gastric cancer (EGC), and 25 advanced gastric cancer (AGC) ones. Metabolites profiling on patient plasma was performed. Furthermore, the proposed biomarkers were used to create random forest models, in which discrimination efficiency and accuracy were ascertained by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. l‐carnitine, l‐proline, pyruvaldehyde, phosphatidylcholines (PC) (14:0/18:0), lysophosphatidylcholine (14:0) (LysoPC 14:0), lysinoalanine were defined as the potential biomarker panel for the diagnosis among CSG and EGC patients. Compared with EGC patients, PC(O‐18:0/0:0) and LysoPC(20:4(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)) were found to be upregulated in AGC patients, whereasl‐proline, l‐valine, adrenic acid, and pyruvaldehyde downregulated. Pathway analysis revealed several metabolism disorders, involving amino acids and lipid metabolism. ROC analysis demonstrated a high diagnostic performance in disease diagnosis between CSG and GC. The above results indicate that the biomarker panels are sensitive to early diagnosis of GC disease, which is expected to be a promising diagnostic tool for disease stratification studies.
Target‐oriented deep learning‐based image registration with individualized test‐time adaptation
Authors: Sang Yudi , McNitt‐Gray Michael , Yang Yingli , Cao Minsong , Low Daniel , Ruan Dan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackground:A classic approach in medical image registration is to formulate an optimization problem based on the image pair of interest, and seek a deformation vector field (DVF) to minimize the corresponding objective, often iteratively. It has a clear focus on the targeted pair, but is typically slow. In contrast, more recent deep‐learning‐based registration offers a much faster alternative and can benefit from data‐driven regularization. However, learning is a process to “fit” the training cohort, whose image or motion characteristics or both may differ from the pair of images to be tested, which is the ultimate goal of registration. Therefore, generalization gap poses a high risk with direct inference alone. Purpose: In this study, we propose an individualized adaptation to improve test sample targeting, to achieve a synergy of efficiency and performance in registration.Methods:Using a previously developed network with an integrated motion representation prior module as the implementation backbone, we propose to adapt the trained registration network further for image pairs at test time to optimize the individualized performance. The adaptation method was tested against various characteristics shifts caused by cross‐protocol, cross‐platform, and cross‐modality, with test evaluation performed on lung CBCT, cardiac MRI, and lung MRI, respectively.Results:Landmark‐based registration errors and motion‐compensated image enhancement results demonstrated significantly improved test registration performance from our method, compared to tuned classic B‐spline registration and network solutions without adaptation.Conclusions:We have developed a method to synergistically combine the effectiveness of pre‐trained deep network and the target‐centric perspective of optimization‐based registration to improve performance on individual test data.
Variation in metabolic demand following severe pediatric traumatic brain injury: A case review
Authors: Wallinga Melissa M. , Newkirk Melanie , Gardner Michelle T. , Ziegler Jane 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most common pediatric traumas among children in the United States. Appropriate nutrition support, including the initiation of early enteral nutrition, within the first 48 h after injury is crucial for children with a TBI. It is important that clinicians avoid both underfeeding and overfeeding, as both can lead to poor outcomes. However, the variable metabolic response to a TBI can make determining appropriate nutrition support difficult. Because of the dynamic metabolic demand, indirect calorimetry (IC) is recommended, instead of predictive equations, to measure energy requirements. Although IC is suggested and ideal, few hospitals have the technology available. This case review discusses the variable metabolic response, identified using IC, in a child with a severe TBI. The case report highlights the ability of the team to meet measured energy requirements early, even in the setting of fluid overload. It also highlights the presumed positive impact of early and appropriate nutrition provision on the patient's clinical and functional recovery. Further research is needed to investigate the metabolic response to TBIs in children and the impact optimal feedings based on the measured resting energy expenditure have on clinical, functional, and rehabilitation outcomes.
Effect of Packing Versus No Packing in Transperforation Myringoplasty for Chronic Tympanic Membrane Perforations
Authors: Lou Zhengcai , Lou Zihan , Chen Zhengnong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the operation times, graft survival and success rates, audiometric outcomes, and complications of patients who underwent transperforation myringoplasty with and without packing but without perforation rimming.Study DesignA prospective, randomized controlled trial.SettingA university‐affiliated teaching hospital.MethodsWe conducted a randomized controlled trial that enrolled patients who underwent underlay myringoplasty. No patient underwent perforation rimming. Patients underwent myringoplasty with or without graft lateral packing. The operation times, graft survival and success rates, audiometric outcomes, and complications were compared between the 2 groups.ResultsSixty patients with unilateral perforations were included. The mean neovascularization score at postoperative week 2 was significantly higher in the no‐packing group than in the packing group (p < .01) but did not differ significantly at postoperative weeks 3 and 4, or postoperative month 3. Neither the graft healing rate (p = .313) nor the perforation closure rate (p = .640) significantly differed between the 2 groups. The mean air‐bone gap improved by 8.91 ± 5.45 dB in the packing group and 8.17 ± 1.19 dB in the no‐packing group (p = .758).ConclusionThe long‐term graft success and hearing improvements in transperforation myringoplasty with no rimming of the perforation and no‐graft lateral packing were comparable to those in the graft lateral packing group with no rimming of the perforation, with a low incidence of complications. These results may change the traditional practice of packing the external auditory canal and rimming the perforation in underlay myringoplasty, even for all myringoplasty surgery.
A nonequilibrium constitutive equation for the stress–strain behavior of water‐absorbed poly(methyl methacrylate)‐based materials
Authors: Ito Asae , Shin Arisa , Nitta Koh‐hei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this work, the water absorption effects on the tensile behavior of a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) doped with lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiCF3SO3) was investigated. It was found that the water content in the PMMA/LiCF3SO3system could be controlled using the salt content because of the system's remarkable water absorbability. Moreover, it was found that a dried PMMA/LiCF3SO3is more brittle compared to a pristine PMMA; however, PMMA/LiCF3SO3samples containing high water level demonstrated high drawability. The brittle‐to‐ductile transition was represented using a kinetic mechanism in which water spots accumulated around salts were spread throughout a whole sample specimen and stretched to a homogeneously water‐absorbed condition.
Functional organization of extracellular hyaluronan, CD44, and RHAMM
Authors: Cowman Mary K. , Turley Eva A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe integral membrane protein CD44 is constitutively expressed in most tissues, and is the primary cell surface receptor for hyaluronan (HA). HA is the key scaffolding organizer of proteoglycans and receptors in the extracellular matrix. CD44 is expressed as cell type‐specific and context‐specific alternatively spliced isoforms with variable glycosylation and interreceptor interactions. CD44 plays a critical role in the organization and patterning of domains in the cell membrane, achieved through linking the cortical actin cytoskeleton with the pericellular HA matrix. This functional and spatial organization of CD44 and HA maintains a protective and homeostatic cellular microenvironment. Tissue injury and cellular stress result in HA fragmentation and unconventional export of the CD44 coreceptor, RHAMM, which collectively alter the homeostatic organization of CD44/HA. The resulting interplay among HA, HA fragments, CD44 and RHAMM triggers cellular responses such as cell motility that contribute to tissue repair, and disease processes. Here we review current understanding of the structural biology of HA, CD44, and RHAMM, and provide an overview of their known functional organization and patterning at the cell surface. Changes in their surface organization act as sensors for detecting danger, and are critical to the understanding of consequent intracellular signaling and response mechanisms to cellular stress.
Sustainability of cash transfer programs: A realist case study
Authors: Owusu‐Addo Ebenezer , Renzaho Andre M. N. , Sarfo‐Mensah Paul , Sarpong Yaw A. , Niyuni William , Smith Ben J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCash transfers (CTs) are increasingly high on the agenda of governments and development partners in low‐and middle‐income countries (LMICs). While CTs have shown to be one of the most potent social policies to reduce poverty and improve human capital, concerns have been raised about their sustainability. This paper examines the mechanisms of, enablers of, and barriers to CT sustainability. Realist qualitative methods were employed to interview policymakers, development partners, and program managers (N = 32), as well as program beneficiaries (N = 93) in Ghana. The data were analyzed using a thematic framework approach. The findings show that enablers of CT sustainability include program institutionalization, availability of a functional exit strategy, and networking of social programs around beneficiary households. CTs' mechanisms of sustainability were shared vision and formalization of roles of service providers, program acceptability and buy‐in, and productive inclusion. Key barriers to CT sustainability were political prioritization and ownership of the program, and weak intersectoral collaboration. From the analyses, we propose a conceptual framework which can be used to plan for CT sustainability.
Proapoptotic effect of nonthermal pulsed ultrasound on prostate cancer cells in a nude mouse model
Authors: Maeda Koki , Shigemura Katsumi , Hayashi Fuuka , Kan Yuki , Hiraoka Aya , Yamaguchi Atomu , Ueda Minori , Yang Yong‐Ming , Maeshige Noriaki , Ooya Tooru , Nakano Yuzo , Fujisawa Masato 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundUltrasound (US) can induce cell injury, and we have previously reported that adjusting the pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of ultrasound output can induce prostate cancer cell destruction without causing a rise in the temperature of the irradiated area. In this study, we examined the mechanism of nonthermal ultrasound cell destruction, which was not fully clarified in our previous reports.MethodsIn vitro, we evaluated postirradiation cells immediately after treatment and examined membrane disruption by proliferation assay, LDH assay, and apoptosis assay. In vivo, we injected mice with human LNCaP and PC‐3 prostate cancer cells and evaluated the therapeutic effects of US irradiation by H‐E staining and immunostaining.ResultsProliferation assays showed inhibition at 3 h postirradiation independently of PRF and cell line (p < 0.05). Quantitative assessment of apoptosis/necrosis by flow cytometry showed widely varying results depending on cell type. LNCaP showed an increase in late apoptosis at 0 h independent of PRF (p < 0.05), while PC‐3 showed no significant difference at 0 h. The LDH assay showed an increase in LDH independent of PRF in LNCaP (p < 0.05 respectively), but no significant difference in PC‐3. In vivo, tumor volume was compared and a significant reduction was observed at 10 Hz for LNCaP (p < 0.05) and 100 Hz for PC‐3 (p < 0.001) at 3 weeks after the start of irradiation. The excised tumors were evaluated with Ki‐67, Caspase‐3, and CD‐31 and showed a significant treatment effect independent of cell type and PRF (p < 0.001 respectively).ConclusionExamining the mechanism behind the therapeutic effect of US irradiation revealed that the main effect was achieved by apoptosis induction rather than necrosis.
Investigating the effects of packaging design factors on customer purchasing decisions for goat manure fertilizer
Authors: Tanaiutchawoot Narucha , Saengtawan Warangkana , Sinlapasiriwat Jiraporn , Sukkeaw Nadthanicha 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMost of the packaging in agriculture products usually focuses on keeping and containing products rather than appealing to customers. However, because today's competition is fierce both online and onsite, it's critical to improve competitiveness through package development and design. Goat manure, one of the best animal manures for fertilizer to help provide the ideal growth conditions for plants, is selected for the pilot study to investigate the influence of packaging design in agriculture products. The goal of this article is to look at (1) consumer behaviour while making a fertilizer purchase and (2) the impact of packaging design on customer purchasing decisions by comparing the old and new designs. Answers from these questions will be a guideline for the new packaging design. To create the packaging for the community's product, researchers collaborated with one community enterprise at Petchburi in Thailand. According to the 110 participants who took part in the pre‐survey, 64.5% of them are more concerned with packaging design than with pricing, market channels, or marketing. The packaging, originality, product feature representation, cleanliness, safety and the ability to pack and unpack the goods are all important considerations when buying goat dung fertilizer. These elements are used to create a new packaging design. Furthermore, the NUDGES idea is included in the packaging design to support the customer's behaviour while using the product. After designing and production, the old and new packages are tested in the market via online and onsite channels. Although the quality and quantity of products remain the same, 87.5% of the 32 consumers who purchased fertilizer chose the new packaging design for 60 baht and the rest chose the other option for 50 baht. As a result, packaging design raises the perceived value of a product and promotes customer acceptability.
The ethics of sustainable AI: Why animals (should) matter for a sustainable use of AI
Authors: Bossert Leonie N. , Hagendorff Thilo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTechnologies equipped with artificial intelligence (AI) influence our everyday lives in a variety of ways. Due to their contribution to greenhouse gas emissions, their high use of energy, but also their impact on fairness issues, these technologies are increasingly discussed in the “sustainable AI” discourse. However, current “sustainable AI” approaches remain anthropocentric. In this article, we argue from the perspective of applied ethics that such anthropocentric outlook falls short. We present a sentientist approach, arguing that the normative foundation of sustainability and sustainable development—that is, theories of intra‐ and intergenerational justice—should include sentient animals. Consequently, theories of sustainable AI must also be non‐anthropocentric. Moreover, we investigate consequences of our approach for applying AI technologies in a sustainable way.