bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Heavy‐atom‐free Molecular Motif Based on Symmetric Bird‐like Structured Tetraphenylenes with Room‐Temperature Phosphorescence (RTP) Afterglow over 8 s
Authors: Yang Xinqi , Wang Shiyin , Sun Ke , Liu Haichao , Ma Ming , Zhang Shi‐Tong , Yang Bing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent years, pure organic room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) with highly efficient and long‐persistent afterglow has drawn substantial awareness. Commonly, spin‐orbit coupling can be improved by introducing heavy atoms into pure‐organic molecules. However, this strategy will simultaneously increase the radiative and non‐radiative transition rate, further resulting in dramatic decreases in the excited state lifetime and afterglow duration. Here in this work, a highly symmetric bird‐like structure tetraphenylene (TeP), and its three symmetrical halogenated derivatives (TeP−F, TeP−Cl and TeP−Br) are synthesized, while their RTP properties and mechanisms are systematically investigated by both theoretical and experimental approaches. As the results, the rigid, highly twisted conformation of TeP restricts the non‐radiative processes of RTP and gives rise to the enhancement of electron‐exchange, which can contribute to the RTP radiation process. Despite the faint RTP of the bromine and chlorine‐substituted ones (TeP−Br, TeP−Cl), the fluoro‐substituted TeP−F exhibited a long phosphorescent lifetime up to 890 ms, corresponding to an extremely long RTP afterglow over 8 s, which could be incorporated into the best series of non‐heavy‐atom RTP materials reported in previous literature.
Reductive Catalytic Difluorocarbene Transfer via Palladium Catalysis
Authors: Zhang Xue‐Ying , Sun Shi‐Ping , Sang Yue‐Qian , Xue Xiao‐Song , Min Qiao‐Qiao , Zhang Xingang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA palladium‐catalyzed reductive difluorocarbene transfer reaction that tames difluorocarbene to couple with two electrophiles has been developed, representing a new mode of difluorocarbene transfer reaction. The approach uses low‐cost and bulk industrial chemical chlorodifluoromethane (ClCF2H) as the difluorocarbene precursor. It produces a variety of difluoromethylated (hetero)arenes from widely available aryl halides/triflates and proton sources, featuring high functional group tolerance and synthetic convenience without preparing organometallic reagents. Experimental mechanistic studies reveal that an unexpected Pd0/II catalytic cycle is involved in this reductive reaction, wherein the oxidative addition of palladium(0) difluorocarbene ([Pd0(Ln)]=CF2) with aryl electrophile to generate the key intermediate aryldifluoromethylpalladium [ArCF2Pd(Ln)X], followed by reaction with hydroquinone, is responsible for the reductive difluorocarbene transfer.
Monodisperse Adducts‐Induced Homogeneous Nucleation Towards High‐Quality Tin‐Based Perovskite Film
Authors: Rao Huan , Su Yang , Liu Gengling , Zhou Hongbo , Yang Jia , Sheng Wangping , Zhong Yang , Tan Licheng , Chen Yiwang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe classic solvent system can't sufficiently separate one‐dimensional edge‐sharing SnI2 crystals in solution, which severely restricts the fabrication of high‐quality tin‐based perovskite film. Herein, a strong Lewis base (hexamethylphosphoramide, HMPA) has been introduced to coordinate Sn2+ to modulate solvation behaviours on perovskite precursor and regulate crystallization kinetics. The large molecular volume of HMPA and stronger bind energy of SnI2 ⋅ 2HMPA (−0.595 eV vs −0.118 eV for SnI2 ⋅ 2DMSO) change the solvation structure of SnI2 from edge‐sharing cluster to monodisperse adduct, which contributes to uniform nucleation sites and prolongs crystal growth process. Delightfully, a fully‐covered perovskite film is formed on the large‐area substrate and tin‐based perovskite solar cells processed with HMPA exhibit an excellent efficiency of 13.46 %. This research provides novel insights and directions for the solution preparation of smooth and uniform large‐area tin‐based perovskite film.
Symmetry‐Driven Assembly of a Penta‐Shell Keplerate Cuprofullerene for Metallofullerene Frameworks
Authors: Liu Yu‐Li , Zhan Shun‐Ze , Sun Jing‐Xuan , Cai Hong , Yuan Zhuo‐Li , Zhang Hai‐Feng , Li Mian , Dang Li , Ni Shao‐Fei , Weng Ng Seik , Lu Weigang , Li Dan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTwo metallofullerene frameworks (MFFs) constructed from a penta‐shell Keplerate cuprofullerene chloride, C60@Cu24@Cl44@Cu12@Cl12, have been successfully prepared via a C60‐templated symmetry‐driven strategy. The icosahedral cuprofullerene chloride is assembled on a C60 molecule through [η2‐(C=C)]−CuI and CuI−Cl coordination bonds, resulting in the penta‐shell Keplerate with the C60 core canopied by 24 Cu, 44 Cl, 12 Cu and 12 Cl atoms that fulfill the tic@rco@oae@ico@ico penta‐shell polyhedral configuration. By sharing the outmost‐shell Cl atoms, the cuprofullerene chlorides are connected into 2D or 3D (snf net) frameworks. TD‐DFT calculations reveal that the charge transfer from the outmost CuI and Cl to C60 core is responsible for their light absorption expansion to near‐infrared region, implying anionic halogenation may be an effective strategy to tune the light absorption properties of metallofullerene materials.
High Performance Dynamic X‐ray Flexible Imaging Realized Using a Copper Iodide Cluster‐Based MOF Microcrystal Scintillator
Authors: Peng Qiu‐Chen , Si Yu‐Bing , Yuan Jia‐Wang , Yang Qi , Gao Zi‐Ying , Liu Yuan‐Yuan , Wang Zhao‐Yang , Li Kai , Zang Shuang‐Quan , Zhong Tang Ben 
Published: June 2023

AbstractX‐ray imaging technology has achieved important applications in many fields and has attracted extensive attentions. Dynamic X‐ray flexible imaging for the real‐time observation of the internal structure of complex materials is the most challenging type of X‐ray imaging technology, which requires high‐performance X‐ray scintillators with high X‐ray excited luminescence (XEL) efficiency as well as excellent processibility and stability. Here, a macrocyclic bridging ligand with aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) feature was introduced for constructing a copper iodide cluster‐based metal–organic framework (MOF) scintillator. This strategy endows the scintillator with high XEL efficiency and excellent chemical stability. Moreover, a regular rod‐like microcrystal was prepared through the addition of polyvinyl pyrrolidone during the in situ synthesis process, which further enhanced the XEL and processibility of the scintillator. The microcrystal was used for the preparation of a scintillator screen with excellent flexibility and stability, which can be used for high‐performance X‐ray imaging in extremely humid environments. Furthermore, dynamic X‐ray flexible imaging was realized for the first time. The internal structure of flexible objects was observed in real time with an ultrahigh resolution of 20 LP mm−1.
The Association for Nursing Professional Development National Preceptor Practice Analysis Study: An Exploration of Precepting in Perioperative Settings
Authors: Harper Mary G. , Whiteside Dawn , Warren Joan Insalaco , MacDonald Ryan , Ulrich Beth 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTPreceptors are an important part of meeting perioperative workforce demands. A secondary analysis of data collected for the 2020 Association for Nursing Professional Development National Preceptor Practice Analysis Study focused on 400 perioperative nurse preceptors and compared their responses to nonperioperative preceptors. Most perioperative respondents had participated in preceptor training; they spent significantly more time orienting experienced nurse preceptees in the perioperative specialty and its diverse settings (eg, orthopedic surgery, open‐heart surgery) than preceptors in nonperioperative settings and specialties. Perioperative preceptors spent significantly less time precepting students, suggesting the presence of an opportunity to address the nursing shortage by promoting student exposure to the perioperative setting. To align with the AORN position statements on orientation and nurse residencies, perioperative nurse leaders should ensure that properly educated preceptors are available to assist RNs who are transitioning to perioperative practice. The Ulrich Precepting Model provides an evidence‐based framework for preceptor training.
Bottlenecks and barriers: Patterns of abundance in early mussel life stages reveal a potential obstacle to reef recovery
Authors: Toone Trevyn A. , Hillman Jenny R. , South Paul M. , Benjamin Emilee D. , Handley Sean , Jeffs Andrew G. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Conservation and restoration projects have emerged globally to address extensive declines in mussel reefs and the ecosystem services they provide. The success of these efforts relies on the re‐establishment of self‐sustaining populations, which requires mussels to effectively undergo every stage in their complex development cycle from larvae to adult mussels. In particular, the settlement of early life stages presents a potential bottleneck for recruitment in species like the green‐lipped mussel (Perna canaliculus) that rely on juvenile settlement onto macroalgae before they transition to a reef. However, it is largely unknown whether mussels can undergo settlement in areas after overharvesting where only remnant populations remain and natural recovery is vital.
In this study, wild and transplanted macroalgae were sampled in an area with historically near‐extirpated mussel reefs (Kenepuru Sound, New Zealand) to examine the patterns of abundance of plantigrades, an early mussel life stage, in a degraded environment. The results suggest that plantigrades can settle to and survive on natural substrates following the removal of mussel reefs, but not into ecologically relevant areas. Specifically, almost no plantigrades were recorded on substrates near the sea bed, the area where almost all settlement to macroalgae would naturally occur. Instead, plantigrades were primarily recorded on macroalgae on docks suspended above the sea bed.
A transplantation experiment verified this trend, demonstrating that substrates transferred to surface waters recorded a 36‐fold increase in plantigrade abundance compared with substrates near the sea bed. Turbidity was significantly higher near the sea bed than near the water surface, suggesting that high turbidity following the loss of wild mussels may be hindering natural plantigrade settlement or survival.
This study identifies a potential bottleneck to natural mussel recovery and demonstrates the importance of a life cycle‐informed approach to restoration that prioritizes the removal of bottlenecks at multiple life stages.
Effect of green synthesized zinc oxide nanoadditives and rice bran oil biodiesel blend on performance and combustion characteristics of a variable compression ratio diesel engine: an experimental study
Authors: Koirala Manish , Sah Amit Kumar , Dhakal Rabindra Prasad , Karn Rupesh Lal , Khanal Mukunda , Adhikari Surya Prasad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe aim of this research was to investigate experimentally the performance and combustion characteristics of a four‐stroke, single‐cylinder, water‐cooled variable compression ratio diesel engine using rice bran oil biodiesel blends with zinc oxide nanoparticles. Rice bran oil biodiesel was prepared using a transesterification reaction with a 6:1 methanol‐oil molar ratio and 1% w/w potassium hydroxide as catalyst. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized using a green method incorporating Psidium guajava leaf extract as a capping agent to reduce precursor use and to reduce the toxicity of the nanomaterial. The synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles were characterized by using X‐ray diffraction and Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy to confirm the formation of highly crystalline pure zinc oxide nanoparticles with a hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure with an average diameter of 20.963 nm. Rice bran‐oil biodiesel‐diesel blend was prepared by volumetrically mixing 20% biodiesel and 80% mineral diesel and was considered as a base fuel for comparison. Zinc oxide nanoparticles were diffused in the base fuel at dosage levels of 25, 50, and 75 ppm, with the aid of ultrasonication. Measurement of the major physicochemical properties of test fuels showed an increase in the cetane number and calorific value and a reduction in viscosity with an increase in the zinc oxide concentration. The overall properties of all the test fuels were found to be similar in comparison with commercial diesel. An experimental engine test was carried out under different loading conditions with a constant speed of 1500 RPM and two different compression ratios – that is, 17.5:1 and 15:1. Among all the test fuels at both compression ratios, engine performance and combustion properties improved with an increase in the zinc oxide concentration. Test fuel with 75 ppm of zinc oxide additive at 17.5 compression ratio resulted in an overall improvement at full load: brake thermal efficiency increased by 2.45%, brake specific fuel consumption reduced by 5.45%, cylinder peak pressure increased by 3.27% and net heat release increased by 10.32% in comparison with base fuel.
Design and evaluation of a 3D‐printed, lab‐scale perfusion bioreactor for novel biotechnological applications
Authors: Merkel Manuel , Noll Philipp , Lilge Lars , Hausmann Rudolf , Henkel Marius 
Published: June 2023

Abstract3D‐printing increased in significance for biotechnological research as new applications like lab‐on‐a‐chip systems, cell culture devices or 3D‐printed foods were uncovered. Besides mammalian cell culture, only few of those applications focus on the cultivation of microorganisms and none of these make use of the advantages of perfusion systems. One example for applying 3D‐printing for bioreactor development is the microbial utilization of alternative substrates derived from lignocellulose, where dilute carbon concentrations and harmful substances present a major challenge. Furthermore, quickly manufactured and affordable 3D‐printed bioreactors can accelerate early development phases through parallelization. In this work, a novel perfusion bioreactor system consisting of parts manufactured by fused filament fabrication (FFF) is presented and evaluated. Hydrophilic membranes are used for cell retention to allow the application of dilute substrates. Oxygen supply is provided by membrane diffusion via hydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene membranes. An exemplary cultivation of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 supports the theoretical design by achieving competitive biomass concentrations of 18.4 g L−1 after 52 h. As a proof‐of‐concept for cultivation of microorganisms in perfusion mode, the described bioreactor system has application potential for bioconversion of multi‐component substrate‐streams in a lignocellulose‐based bioeconomy, for in‐situ product removal or design considerations of future applications for tissue cultures. Furthermore, this work provides a template‐based toolbox with instructions for creating reference systems in different application scenarios or tailor‐made bioreactor systems.
The role of radiation therapy and systemic treatments in meningioma: The present and the future
Authors: Caccese Mario , Busato Fabio , Guerriero Angela , Padovan Marta , Cerretti Giulia , Gardiman Marina Paola , Zagonel Vittorina , Lombardi Giuseppe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMeningiomas are the most prevalent tumors of the central nervous system. Their standard treatment is surgery, which can be curative. Adjuvant radiotherapy treatment is reserved for newly diagnosed cases of grade II and grade III meningiomas in cases of recurrent disease or when surgery is not radical or feasible. However, around 20% of these patients cannot undergo further surgical and/or radiotherapy treatment. Systemic oncological therapy can find its place in this setting. Several tyrosine kinase inhibitors have been tested (gefitinib, erlotinib, sunitinib) with unsatisfactory or negative results. Bevacizumab has shown encouraging results in these settings of patients. Immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors has reported interesting results with modest objective response rates. Several ongoing studies are assessing different target therapies and multimodal therapies; the results are to be disclosed. Not only a better understanding of the molecular characteristics in meningiomas has allowed the gathering of more information regarding pathogenesis and prognosis, but in addition, the availability of new target therapy, immunotherapy, and biological drugs has widened the scope of potentially effective treatments in this patient population. The aim of this review was to explore the radiotherapy and systemic treatments of meningioma with an analysis of ongoing trials and future therapeutic perspectives.
Multidisciplinary management of adolescents and young adults (AYA) sarcoma: A successful effort of an adult high‐volume cancer center
Authors: Bertuzzi Alexia Francesca , Grimaudo Maria Susanna , Laffi Alice , Giordano Laura , Gennaro Nicolò , Cariboni Umberto , Siracusano Licia Vanessa , Quagliuolo Vittorio , Colombo Piergiuseppe , Federico D’Orazio , Renne Salvatore Lorenzo , Specchia Cristina , Cananzi Ferdinando , Marrari Andrea , Navarria Pierina , Daolio Primo Andrea , Bastoni Stefano , Santoro Armando 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of AYA sarcomas and their clinical outcomes at a high‐volume single center.MethodsDemographic, clinicopathological data on the diagnosis, treatment and follow‐up of all sarcoma patients aged 16–39 years (ys) observed at our Institute between January 2010 and December 2021 were retrospectively collected, including diagnostic (TTD) and treatment delay(TTT), clinical outcomes (OS and PFS), and late‐treatment effects.ResultsWe identified 228 AYA patients, median age 30 years, 29% ≤ 25 years, 57% males, 88% soft tissue sarcomas (STS), and 12% bone sarcomas (BS). Among STSs, 13% were small round cell tumors (SRCT), 52% intermediate–high‐grade, 24% low‐grade STSs. Among BS, 32% were high‐grade. Median TTD and TTT were 120 (0–8255) and 7 days (0–83), respectively. Surgery was performed in 83%, radiotherapy in 29%, and systemic therapy in 27%. Median follow‐up was 72.9 months(1.6–145), 5‐year and 10‐year OS were 78.5% and 62%, respectively. Kaplan–Meyer analysis showed a significantly better 5‐year OS and PFS for patients with >92 days of TTD (OS 85.7% vs. 66.7%, p = 0.001, PFS 50.2% vs. 24.9%, p = 0.009). According to age (≤25 years vs. > 25 years), 5‐year OS was 69.8% versus 82.2%, respectively (p = 0.047).ConclusionOur analysis confirmed previous data on sarcoma AYA patients followed in a referral center. Unexpectedly, diagnostic delay was not associated with poor OS and PFS. Patients <25 years showed a poorer prognosis due to the higher incidence of SRCT.
Estimating the influencing factors for T1b/T2 gallbladder cancer on survival and surgical approaches selection
Authors: Cao Jiasheng , Yan Jiafei , Hu Jiahao , Zhang Bin , Topatana Win , Li Shijie , Chen Tianen , Jeungpanich Sarun , Lu Ziyi , Peng Shuyou , Cai Xiujun , Chen Mingyu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe influencing factors, especially time to treatment (TTT), for T1b/T2 gallbladder cancer (GBC) patients remain unknown. We aimed to identify the influencing factors on survival and surgical approaches selection for T1b/T2 GBC.MethodsWe retrospectively screened GBC patients between January 2011 and August 2018 from our hospital. Clinical variables, including patient characteristics, TTT, overall survival (OS), disease‐free survival (DFS), surgery‐related outcomes, and surgical approaches were collected.ResultsA total of 114 T1b/T2 GBC patients who underwent radical resection were included. Based on the median TTT of 7.5 days, the study cohort was divided into short TTT group (TTT ≤7 days, n = 57) and long TTT group (TTT >7 days, n = 57). Referrals were identified as the primary factor prolonging TTT (p < 0.001). There was no significance in OS (p = 0.790), DFS (p = 0.580), and surgery‐related outcomes (all p > 0.05) between both groups. Decreased referrals (p = 0.005), fewer positive lymph nodes (LNs; p = 0.004), and well tumor differentiation (p = 0.004) were all associated with better OS, while fewer positive LNs (p = 0.049) were associated with better DFS. Subgroup analyses revealed no significant difference in survival between patients undergoing laparoscopic or open approach in different TTT groups (all p > 0.05). And secondary subgroup analyses found no significance in survival and surgery‐related outcomes between different TTT groups of incidental GBC patients (all p > 0.05).ConclusionsPositive LNs and tumor differentiation were prognostic factors for T1b/T2 GBC survival. Referrals associating with poor OS would delay TTT, while the prolonged TTT would not impact survival, surgery‐related outcomes, and surgical approaches decisions in T1b/T2 GBC patients.
Chemical and Olfactory Analysis of the Volatile Fraction of Ocimum gratissimum Concrete from Madagascar
Authors: Gilles Laure , Antoniotti Sylvain 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe chemical composition of the volatile fraction of Ocimum gratissimum concrete (romba) from Madagascar has been determined for the first time by GC/MS and GC‐FID. A methyl cinnamate chemotype has been determined for this material, along with a set of compounds typical in essential oils and extracts from plants of the Ocimum genus. Variability was mostly observed on terpenes and terpenoids components. GC‐O‐MS was also used for a sensory evaluation of this material performed by a master perfumer. The chemical composition of this O. gratissimum extract was then compared with literature data to assess subtle differences between chemotypes of the same species and other species of the same genus within natural variability. A mapping illustrates the occurrence of the cinnamate chemotype in Eastern Africa, India and now Madagascar, while other origins generally present eugenol, thymol, camphor, or linalool chemotypes.
Fluorinated Phthalocyanine/Silver Nanoconjugates for Multifunctional Biological Applications
Authors: Albayrak Sedef , Farajzadeh Nazli , Yasemin yenilmez H. , Özdemir Sadin , Gonca Serpil , Altuntaş Bayır Zehra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this study, a new phthalonitrile derivative namely 4‐[(2,4‐difluorophenyl)ethynyl]phthalonitrile (1) and its metal phthalocyanines (2 and 3) were synthesized. The resultant compounds were conjugated to silver nanoparticles and characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. The biological properties of compounds (1–3), their nanoconjugates (4–6), and silver nanoparticles (7) were examined for the first time in this study. The antioxidant activities of biological candidates (1–7) were studied by applying the 2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. The highest antioxidant activity was obtained 97.47 % for 200 mg/L manganese phthalocyanine‐silver nanoconjugates (6). The antimicrobial and antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) activities of biological candidates (1–7) were examined using a micro‐dilution assay. The highest MIC value was obtained 8 mg/L for nanoconjugate 6 against E. hirae. The studied compounds and their silver nanoconjugates exhibited high APDT activities against all the studied microorganisms. The most effective APDT activities were obtained 4 mg/L for nanoconjugates (5 and 6) against L. pneumophila and E. hirae, respectively. All the studied biological candidates displayed high cell viability inhibition activities against E. coli cell growth. The biofilm inhibition activities of the tested biological candidates were also investigated against S. aureus and P. Aeruginosa. Biological candidates (1–6) can be considered efficient metal nanoparticle‐based materials for multi‐disciplinary biological applications.