bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Parent perceptions regarding virtual pediatric dental clinics during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Alghamdi Sara Ayid 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveTo assess the attitudes and responses of parents of pediatric patients towards virtual dental clinics during COVID-19.Material and MethodA total of 102 parents of pediatric patients who were scheduled for virtual (video or telephonic) clinic appointments for new patient consultations and follow-up clinics were included in the study. Parents and patients could attend the virtual clinic from a personal computer, tablet, or smartphone. An electronic self-administered questionnaire was sent to the parents through email after consultation (video or telephonic) which consisted of demographic data and a ten-item, five-point Likert-scale assessing: (i) parent satisfaction; (ii) ease of use; (iii) the effectiveness including increasing access to clinical services; (iv) reliability of the teledentistry system and (v) usefulness for patients. Statistical analyses used weret-test, one-way ANOVA test, Shapiro–Wilk and histogram.ResultOut of 102 parents, 52 attended video clinics and 50 attended the telephonic clinic. The majority of the parents were between 30–39 years of age, and about 73% had no previous experience with either virtual or telephonic consultation. Ninety-four percent of parents were satisfied with vide clinic consultation, and most of them agreed that accessing clinical services through a video clinic was easy to understand, comfortable, and time-saving. The majority of the parents (94%) agreed and strongly agreed that they will use video clinics again in the future for consultation.ConclusionParents’ response to the use of virtual clinics for pediatric dentistry during COVID was positive. The majority of the parents stated that they would consider using teledentistry for future consultation.
Prognostic and clinicopathological role of RACK1 for cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Wang Qiuhao , Jiang Sixin , Wu Yuqi , Zhang You , Huang Mei , Qiu Yan , Luo Xiaobo 
Published: August 2023

Background
The receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) expression is associated with clinicopathological characteristics and the prognosis of various cancers; however, the conclusions are controversial. As a result, this study aimed to explore the clinicopathological and prognostic values of RACK1 expression in patients with cancer.

Methodology
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were comprehensively explored from their inception to April 20, 2023, for selecting studies on the clinicopathological and prognostic role of RACK1 in patients with cancer that met the criteria for inclusion in this review. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the prognosis-predictive value of RACK1 expression, while pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were used to evaluate the correlation between RACK1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients with cancer. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.

Results
Twenty-two studies (13 on prognosis and 20 on clinicopathological characteristics) were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The findings indicated that high RACK1 expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival (HR = 1.62; 95% CI, 1.13–2.33; P = 0.009; I2 = 89%) and reversely correlated with disease-free survival/recurrence-free survival (HR = 1.87; 95% CI, 1.22–2.88; P = 0.004; I2 = 0%). Furthermore, increased RACK1 expression was significantly associated with lymphatic invasion/N+ stage (OR = 1.74; 95% CI, 1.04–2.90; P = 0.04; I2 = 79%) of tumors.

Conclusions
RACK1 may be a global predictive marker of poor prognosis in patients with cancer and unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics. However, further clinical studies are required to validate these findings.
Evaluation of the Quality of Undeveloped Spring Waters Consumed Directly by the Local Population of Kasaï (Democratic Republic of Congo)
Authors: Nyembo Céline F. , Nsimanda Camille I. , Biey Emmanuel M. , Musibono Dieudonné E. 
Published: August 2023

Objective: Contribute to the assessment of the quality of undeveloped spring water consumed by the local population of the province of Kasai in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Design of the Study: This study consists of four parts, an introduction with literature review, a description of the study environment and sampling site, the materials and methods used and finally the presentation and discussion of the results obtained.
Location and Duration of the Study: This study was conducted in the province of Kasai, in the villages of Kamupafu, Kabilowa, Kayonga, Kankondo, Kankala, Lunyanya and Kumbikumbi in the town of Tshikapa. The study covered the period from September 29 to October 24, 2022.
Methodology: The water samples taken (27) were carried out in the laboratory according to standard procedures and a series of physico-chemical and microbiological characterization analyzes were also carried out in the field and in the laboratory.
Results: Among other results obtained, it appears that the average pH was between 4.6±0.15 and 6.96±0.43; the EC between 12.91±0.51 µS.cm-1 at the Dido/Milonga spring and 26.87±3.00 µS.cm-1 at the Tshitenga spring. The turbidity, the soluble ion (NO3-, F-) and arsenic (As) contents in the water reveal that with the exception of the turbidity in the Kamitutungulu spring (10 ± 1.04 NTU), the concentration of the other elements in the water from all the springs studied complies with WHO recommendations for drinking water quality. In addition, the average values (CFU 100 mL-1) of total coliforms vary between 18 (KAMANKONDE/ROBERT) and 81 (KATOKA 3) for waters of all the springs.
Conclusion: All spring waters analyzed showed microbiological contamination by bacteria indicating faecal pollution (coliforms). It’s therefore suggested that support be provided in terms of drinking water supply and hygiene by setting up village water supply structures.
Growth, Yield Attributes and Metabolite Components of Thickhead (Ebolo) (Crassocephalum crepidioides Benth.) as Affected by Soil Amendment
Authors: Oloriegbe W. A. , Agele S. O. 
Published: August 2023

A screenhouse experiment was conducted to determine the growth, yield attributes and bioactive components of thickhead (ebolo) as affected by soil amendments. Treatments were soil type (fertile soil and degraded land respectively amended with NPK @300kg/ha (F1), NPK@150kg/ha (F2), Poultry Manure@10t/ha (F3), Poultry Manure @5t/ha (F4), NPK @ 150kg/ha + Poultry Manure @5000t/ha, (F5), NPK @ 75kg/ha + Poultry Manure @ 2500t/ha (F6) and unamended control. Data were collected on soil properties, growth and biomass yields of thickhead and chemical, proximate and bioactive components of leaves. Results showed that soil type and amendment significantly affected growth, yield and bioactive components of thickhead. Growth of thickhead improved significantly for soil collected under fallow vegetation (S1) while application of NPK and poultry manure combination at 0.375g + 12.5g per plant significantly enhanced most of the measured variables of thickhead. Fertilizer amendment of soils enhanced leaf sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium contents, poultry manure amendment improved moisture content and crude protein, while NPK increased significantly leaf ash and fat contents. Post-cropping chemical analysis of treated soils showed increases in pH, organic carbon, nitrogen, organic matter, available P, K, Na, Ca, and Mg of fertilizer-amended soils compare with the unamended. Thickhead (ebolo) can be grown both on fertile and degraded soils, soil amendment using NPK-poultry manure combinations enhanced the growth, yield and nutrition of thickhead and is recommended for its production.
Performance of Wheat Varieties at Different Sowing Dates under Open and Pongamia pinnata Based Agroforestry Systems
Authors: Karada Makhan Singh , Bajpai R. , Agrawal S. B. , Awasthi M. K. , Bhan Manish , Mishra Riya , Agnihotri Dheer 
Published: August 2023

The experiment was carried out in a Pongamia pinnata-based agroforestry system to assess the impact of land use systems, sowing dates, and wheat varieties on wheat cultivation at the Forestry Research Farm, JNKVV, Jabalpur during the Rabi season of 2021-22 The experiment followed a three-factor double split plot design with two systems (open system and agroforestry system) as the main plot, three sowing dates (12th November, 27th November, and 12th December) as subplots, and two wheat varieties (MP-3336 and GW-322) as sub-sub plots. The results showed that the open system outperformed the agroforestry system in terms of plant population, plant height at harvest, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield, and harvest index. Early-sown wheat consistently showed better performance in most parameters compared to timely-sown and late-sown varieties. Among the wheat varieties, the MP-3336 variety exhibited higher plant population, while the GW-322 variety showed taller plants at harvest, longer spikes, higher grain yield, and better harvest index. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing wheat cultivation in agroforestry systems and emphasize the importance of considering land use systems, sowing dates, and wheat varieties to maximize crop productivity.
Impact of Organic Manure, Inorganic Fertilizers and Bioinoculants on Production and Economics of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Authors: Tiwari Abhishek , Kumar Anil , Pathak R. K. , Sharma Sanjeev , Pandey Hanuman Prasad , Sachan Ravindra , Singh Veerendra , Pandey Shubham 
Published: August 2023

Field trials were undertaken to investigate the impact of integrated nutrient management on wheat yield and economic aspects during the Rabi season of 2021-22 and 2022-23. The experimentation took place at the student's instructional farm of Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology in Kanpur. The study encompassed 11 treatment combinations, organized in a randomized block design with three replications. These treatments involved varying combinations of inorganic fertilizers, organic manure, and biofertilizers. The cultivation of wheat variety HD-2967 was carried out in accordance with the suggested agronomic practices. Based on the outcomes derived from the investigation, it can be deduced that among the various productivity parameters, the treatment labeled as T10 [100 % NPK + S40 + Zn5 + Fe10 + Azotobacter + PSB + 5 ton FYM] exhibited the highest grain yield of 48.60 and 49.93 quintals per hectare, straw yield of 63.15 and 67.53 quintals per hectare, and biological yield of 111.75 and 117.46 quintals per hectare across both years of experimentation. For economic factors, the treatment T10 also yielded the highest gross returns of ₹ 1,40,190 and ₹154,632 during the first year (2021-22) and second year (2022-23) of the experiment, respectively. Moreover, the treatment T7 [100 % NPK + Zn5] showcased the maximum benefit-cost ratio (B:C ratio) of 2.26 and 2.39. It is noteworthy that the highest costs of cultivation were observed in the treatment T10, amounting to ₹ 53,805 in the first year and ₹ 55,561 in the second year. This treatment encompassed a combination of 100 % NPK, S40, Zn5, Fe10, Azotobacter, PSB, and 5 tons of FYM.
Youth Use of e-Cigarette Flavor and Device Combinations and Brands Before vs After FDA Enforcement
Authors: Kasza Karin A. , Hammond David , Reid Jessica L. , Rivard Cheryl , Hyland Andrew 
Published: August 2023

ImportanceThe US Food and Drug Administration’s Center for Tobacco Products (CTP) prioritized its enforcement efforts against nontobacco, nonmenthol (ie, sweet)–flavored cartridge e-cigarettes in February 2020. Within-person e-cigarette initiation, continuation, and switching behaviors among youth are unknown following CTP’s prioritized enforcement efforts.ObjectiveTo describe transitions in youths’ e-cigarette flavor/device combination use, brand use, nicotine use, and frequency of use following CTP’s e-cigarette enforcement prioritization.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThe US population-based, nationally representative Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health cohort study included data collected in 2019 and 2021 from youth aged 12 to 17 years. The data were analyzed from February to June 2023.Exposuree-cigarette use (past 30 days), flavor/device combination used, brand used, nicotine use, and frequency of use.Main Outcomes and MeasuresTransitions in e-cigarette use, flavor/device combination used, brand used, nicotine use, and frequency of use between 2019 and 2021 among 9088 youth aged 12 to 17 years in 2019; prevalence of e-cigarette use, flavor/device combination used, and brand used in 2019 (n = 8771) and 2021 (n = 5574) among youth aged 14 to 17 years in each year.ResultsThe 2019 sample included 8771 youth. The population of those aged 12 to 17 years was 49.0% female (95% CI, 48.7%-49.3%) and 51.0% male (95% CI, 50.8%-51.3%). Participants were 15.4% Black (95% CI, 15.0%-15.7%), 24.1% Hispanic (95% CI, 23.9%-24.4%), 75.9% non-Hispanic (95% CI, 75.6%-76.1%), 69.1% White (95% CI, 68.5%-69.8%), and 15.5% another race (95% CI, 14.9%-16.1%). Among youth ages 12 to 17 years who did not use e-cigarettes in 2019, 531 (6.5%) initiated use in 2021 (95% CI, 5.9%-7.1%); among them, 415 (76.8%) initiated with a combination other than a sweet cartridge (95% CI, 72.2%-80.8%). Among youth ages 12 to 17 who used e-cigarettes in 2019, 360 (47.8%) continued use in 2021 (95% CI, 44.0%-51.1%). Continuation rates were similar for those who used sweet-cartridge e-cigarettes (144 [51.5%]; 95% CI, 45.7%-57.3%) and those who used other combinations (204 [47.6%]; 95% CI, 42.8%-52.4%) in 2019. Among those who continued e-cigarette use in 2021, 121 (84.0%) of those who used sweet-cartridge e-cigarettes in 2019 switched to a different combination (95% CI, 77.0%-89.2%). Overall, among youth who used e-cigarettes in 2021, 177 (53%) used a sweet-disposable combination, 32 (11%) used a sweet-cartridge, and no individual brand was used by more than 10%.Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this longitudinal cohort study of youth in the US suggest that most youth who initiated or continued e-cigarette use in 2021 used flavor/device combinations that were excluded from CTP’s enforcement priorities. Restrictions and enforcement efforts that only cover a subset of products may be ineffective at preventing youth flavored e-cigarette use.
Tuning the Surface Energy of Hole Transport Layers Based on Carbazole Self‐Assembled Monolayers for Highly Efficient Sn/Pb Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Pitaro Matteo , Alonso Javier E. Sebastián , Di Mario Lorenzo , Romero David Garcia , Tran Karolina , Kardula Jane , Zaharia Teodor , Johansson Malin B. , Johansson Erik M. J. , Chiechi Ryan C. , Loi Maria A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRecently, carbazole‐based self‐assembled monolayers (SAMs) have been utilized as hole transport layers (HTLs) in perovskite solar cells. However, their application in Sn or mixed Sn/Pb perovskite solar cells has been hindered by the poor wettability of the perovskite precursor solution on the carbazole surface. Here a self‐assembled bilayer (SAB) comprising a covalent monolayer (Br‐2PACz) and a noncovalent wetting layer (4CzNH3I) as the HTL in a Cs0.25FA0.75Sn0.5Pb0.5I3 perovskite solar cell is proposed. It is demonstrated that the wetting layer completely solves the problem due to the higher polarity of the surface and, furthermore, the ammonium groups help in the passivation of trap states at the buried SAB/perovskite interface. The introduction of the SAB enhances the device reproducibility with an average efficiency of 18.98 ± 0.28% (19.45% for the best device), compared to 11.54 ± 9.36% (19.34% for the best device) for the SAM‐only devices. Furthermore, the improved perovskite processability on the SAB helps to increase the reproducibility of larger size device, where, a 12.5% efficiency for a 0.8 cm2 active area device compared to 0.68% for the best SAM‐based solar cell is demonstrated. Finally, the device's operational stability is also improved to 358 hours (T80%), compared to 220 hours for the SAM‐based solar cell.
The Synthescope: A Vision for Combining Synthesis with Atomic Fabrication
Authors: Dyck Ondrej , Lupini Andrew R. , Jesse Stephen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe scanning transmission electron microscope, a workhorse instrument in materials characterization, is being transformed into an atomic‐scale material‐manipulation platform. With an eye on the trajectory of recent developments and the obstacles toward progress in this field, a vision for a path toward an expanded set of capabilities and applications is provided. The microscope is reconceptualized as an instrument for fabrication and synthesis with the capability to image and characterize atomic‐scale structural formation as it occurs. Further development and refinement of this approach may have substantial impact on research in microelectronics, quantum information science, and catalysis, where precise control over atomic‐scale structure and chemistry of a few “active sites” can have a dramatic impact on larger‐scale functionality and where developing a better understanding of atomic‐scale processes can help point the way to larger‐scale synthesis approaches.
Intermediate Phase Free α‐FAPbI3 Perovskite via Green Solvent Assisted Perovskite Single Crystal Redissolution Strategy
Authors: Wang Yaxin , Shi Zejiao , Wang Yanyan , Khan Qudrat Ullah , Li Xiaoguo , Deng Liangliang , Pan Yiyi , Zhang Xin , Yang Yingguo , Yue Xiaofei , Hu Tianxiang , Liu Fengcai , Wang Haoliang , Li Chongyuan , Liu Kai , Yuan Wei , Cong Chunxiao , Yu Anran , Zhan Yiqiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPerovskite single‐crystal redissolution (PSCR) strategy is highly desired for efficient formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI3) perovskite photovoltaics with enhanced phase purity, improved film quality, low trap‐state density, and good stability. However, the phase transition and crystallization dynamics of FAPbI3 remain unclear in the PSCR process compared to the conventional fabrication from the mixing of precursor materials. In this work, a green‐solvent‐assisted (GSA) method is employed to synthesize centimeter‐sized α‐FAPbI3 single crystals, which serve as the high‐purity precursor to fabricate perovskite films. The α‐FAPbI3 PSCR strategy facilitates direct α‐phase formation and inhibits the complex intermediate phases monitored by in situ grazing‐incidence wide‐angle X‐ray scattering. Moreover, the α‐phase stability is prolonged due to the relaxation of the residual lattice strain through the isotropic orientation phase growth. Consequently, the GSA‐assisted PSCR strategy effectively promotes crystallization and suppresses non‐radiative recombination in perovskite solar cells, which boosts the device efficiency from 22.08% to 23.92% with significantly enhanced open circuit voltage. These findings provide deeper insight into the PSCR process in terms of its efficacy in phase formation and lattice strain release. The green low‐cost solvent may also offer a new and ideal solvent candidate for large‐scale production of perovskite photovoltaics.
Intermittent Defect Fluctuations in Oxide Heterostructures
Authors: Zhang Qingteng , Wan Gang , Starchenko Vitalii , Hu Guoxiang , Dufresne Eric M. , Zhou Hua , Jeen Hyoungjeen , Almazan Irene Calvo , Dong Yongqi , Liu Huajun , Sandy Alec R. , Sterbinsky George E. , Lee Ho Nyung , Ganesh P. , Fong Dillon D. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe heterogeneous nature, local presence, and dynamic evolution of defects typically govern the ionic and electronic properties of a wide variety of functional materials. While the last 50 years have seen considerable efforts into development of new methods to identify the nature of defects in complex materials, such as the perovskite oxides, very little is known about defect dynamics and their influence on the functionality of a material. Here, the discovery of the intermittent behavior of point defects (oxygen vacancies) in oxide heterostructures employing X‐ray photon correlation spectroscopy is reported. Local fluctuations between two ordered phases in strained SrCoOx with different degrees of stability of the oxygen vacancies are observed. Ab‐initio‐informed phase‐field modeling reveals that fluctuations between the competing ordered phases are modulated by the oxygen ion/vacancy interaction energy and epitaxial strain. The results demonstrate how defect dynamics, evidenced by measurement and modeling of their temporal fluctuations, give rise to stochastic properties that now can be fully characterized using coherent X‐rays, coupled for the first time to multiscale modeling in functional complex oxide heterostructures. The study and its findings open new avenues for engineering the dynamical response of functional materials used in neuromorphic and electrochemical applications.
Sustainable Energy Resources for Driving Methane Conversion
Authors: Chen Rong , Weng Guo‐Ming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe conversion of methane to value‐added chemicals by traditional reforming processes suffers from intensive energy consumption due to its particularly strong C─H bonds. Thus, it is urgent to optimize the driving force structure for methane conversion by accelerating the integration of sustainable energy. In this review, the advances in sustainable energy‐driven methane conversion are systematically summarized to provide a scientific understanding of methane conversion in operation/storage concepts, reactor design, technological maturity, system optimization, and remaining issues. Furthermore, the essence, economic evaluations, energy balance, and social impacts of methane conversion driven by sustainable energy are carefully discussed, paving a path for the future course of research and development. Diversifying the energy mix can play an important role in the future of sustainable energy‐driven methane conversion industries, being used as a crucial step for the transition to sustainable energy, especially the combination of solar/nuclear energy with fossil fuels to produce value‐added chemicals. Additionally, this review intends to bridge the studies of methane conversion and sustainable energy‐driven development, with the ultimate goal of offering a robust framework to understand the current status of sustainable energy‐driven methane conversion and provide guidance for the design of sustainable solutions for a greener future.
Bulk Passivation Enables Hundredfold‐Enhanced Electroluminescence of Monophosphine Cu4I4 Cubes
Authors: Li Ying , Xu Siwei , Zhang Xianfa , Man Yi , Zhang Jing , Zhang Guangming , Chen Shuo , Duan Chunbo , Han Chunmiao , Xu Hui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractElectroluminescent (EL) clusters emerged rapidly, owing to their organic–inorganic hybrid character useful for comprehensive performance integration and the potential for large‐scale display and lighting applications. However, despite their good photoluminescent (PL) properties, until present, no efficient EL monodentate ligand‐based clusters were reported due to structural variation during processing and excitation and exciton confinement on cluster‐centered quenching states. Here we demonstrate an effective bulky passivation strategy for efficient cluster light‐emitting diodes with a monophosphine Cu4I4 cube named [TMeOPP]4Cu4I4. With terminal pyridine groups, an active matrix named TmPyPB supports an effective host‐cluster interplay for configuration fixation, structural stabilization, and exciton‐confinement optimization. Compared to common inactive hosts, the passivation effects of TmPyPB markedly reduce trap‐state densities by 24–40 % to suppress nonradiative decay, resulting in state‐of‐the‐art PL and EL quantum yields reaching 99 % and 15.6 %, respectively, which are significantly improved by about 7‐fold. TmPyPB simultaneously increases EL luminance to 104 nits, which is ≈100‐fold that of the non‐doped analogue.