bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
What determines who gets cardiac resynchronization therapy in Europe? A comparison between ESC-HF-LT registry, SwedeHF registry, and ESC-CRT Survey II
Authors: Gatti Paolo , Linde Cecilia , Benson Lina , Thorvaldsen Tonje , Normand Camilla , Savarese Gianluigi , Dahlström Ulf , Maggioni Aldo P , Dickstein Kenneth , Lund Lars H 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Aims
Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is effective in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and dyssynchrony but is underutilized. In a cohort study, we identified clinical, organizational, and level of care factors linked to CRT implantation.

Methods and results
We included HFrEF patients fulfilling study criteria in the ESC-HF-Long Term Registry (ESC-HF-LT, n = 1031), the Swedish Heart Failure Registry (SwedeHF) (n = 5008), and the ESC-CRT Survey II (n = 11 088). In ESC-HF-LT, 36% had a CRT indication of which 47% had CRT, 53% had indication but no CRT, and the remaining 54% had no indication and no CRT. In SwedeHF, these percentages were 30, 25, 75, and 70%. Median age of patients with CRT indication and CRT present vs. absent was 68 vs. 65 years with 24% vs. 22% women in ESC-HF-LT, 76 vs. 74 years with 26% vs. 26% women in SwedeHF, and 70 years with 24% women in CRT Survey II (all had CRT). For ESC-HF-LT, independent predictors of having CRT were guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT), atrial fibrillation (AF), prior HF hospitalization, and NYHA class. For SwedeHF, they were GDMT, age, AF, previous myocardial infarction, lower NYHA class, enrolment at university hospital, and follow-up at HF centre/Hospital. In SwedeHF, above median income and higher education level were also independently associated with having CRT. In the ESC-CRT Survey II (n = 11 088), all patients received CRT but with differences in the clinical characteristics between countries.

Conclusion
CRT was used in a minority of eligible patients and more used in ESC-HF-LT than in SwedeHF.
Extubation by supraglottic airway after lobectomy prevents cough-associated air leaks and prolonged coughing or sore throat
Authors: Ishibashi Hironori , Wakejima Ryo , Kurihara Yasuyuki , Seto Katsutoshi , Baba Shunichi , Asakawa Ayaka , Toyama Satoshi , Uchida Tokujiro , Okubo Kenichi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
Double-lumen endobronchial tubes (DLTs) are essential for differential lung ventilation during pulmonary lobectomy, but they are more rigid, longer, larger in diameter and irritable. Coughing at extubation sometimes causes airway and lung injury, which causes severe air leaks, prolonged cough and sore throat. We examined the prevalence of cough-associated air leaks at extubation and postoperative cough or sore throat after lobectomy and evaluated the efficacy of supraglottic airway (SGA) in preventing these complications.

METHODS
Patient characteristics and operative and postoperative factors data were collected from patients who underwent pulmonary lobectomy between January 2013 and March 2022. After propensity score matching, these data were compared between the SGA and DLT groups.

RESULTS
A total of 1069 patients with lung cancer (SGA, 641; DLTs, 428) were enrolled and coughing at extubation occurred in 100 (23.4%) patients in the DLT group, 65 (65.0%) showed increased cough-associated air leaks at extubation and 20 (30.8%) showed prolonged air leaks. Coughing at extubation occurred in 6 (0.9%) in the SGA group. In 193 patients from each group after propensity score matching, coughing at extubation and the associated air leak increase were significantly lower in the SGA group. Visual analogue scale of postoperative cough and sore throat on postoperative days 2, 7 and 30 were significantly lower in the SGA group.

CONCLUSIONS
SGA is effective and safe for preventing cough-associated air leaks and prolonged postoperative cough or sore throat at extubation following pulmonary lobectomy.
Towards the geological parametrization of seismic tomography
Authors: Tsai Victor C , Huber Christian , Dalton Colleen A 
Published: April 2023

SUMMARYSeismic tomography is a cornerstone of geophysics and has led to a number of important discoveries about the interior of the Earth. However, seismic tomography remains plagued by the large number of unknown parameters in most tomographic applications. This leads to the inverse problem being underdetermined and requiring significant non-geologically motivated smoothing in order to achieve unique answers. Although this solution is acceptable when using tomography as an explorative tool in discovery mode, it presents a significant problem to use of tomography in distinguishing between acceptable geological models or in estimating geologically relevant parameters since typically none of the geological models considered are fit by the tomographic results, even when uncertainties are accounted for. To address this challenge, when seismic tomography is to be used for geological model selection or parameter estimation purposes, we advocate that the tomography can be explicitly parametrized in terms of the geological models being tested instead of using more mathematically convenient formulations like voxels, splines or spherical harmonics. Our proposition has a number of technical difficulties associated with it, with some of the most important ones being the move from a linear to a non-linear inverse problem, the need to choose a geological parametrization that fits each specific problem and is commensurate with the expected data quality and structure, and the need to use a supporting framework to identify which model is preferred by the tomographic data. In this contribution, we introduce geological parametrization of tomography with a few simple synthetic examples applied to imaging sedimentary basins and subduction zones, and one real-world example of inferring basin and crustal properties across the continental United States. We explain the challenges in moving towards more realistic examples, and discuss the main technical difficulties and how they may be overcome. Although it may take a number of years for the scientific program suggested here to reach maturity, it is necessary to take steps in this direction if seismic tomography is to develop from a tool for discovering plausible structures to one in which distinct scientific inferences can be made regarding the presence or absence of structures and their physical characteristics.
Clinical application of resection process map as a novel surgical guide in thoracic surgery
Authors: Kadomatsu Yuka , Nakao Megumi , Ueno Harushi , Nakamura Shota , Fukumoto Koichi , Chen-Yoshikawa Toyofumi Fengshi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Resection Process Map (RPM) is a surgical simulation system that uses preoperative three-dimensional computed tomography. Unlike the usual static simulation, this system provides surgeons an individualized dynamic deformation of the lung parenchyma and vessels. RPM was first introduced in 2020. Although the intraoperative usefulness of this system has been evaluated experimentally, there have been no reports on its clinical use. Herein, we presented in detail the first experience on RPM during robot-assisted anatomical lung resection in the real clinical setting.
Nowhere Vanishing Holomorphic One-Forms on Varieties of Kodaira Codimension One
Authors: Hao Feng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Based on the celebrated result on zeros of holomorphic 1-forms on complex varieties of general type by Popa and Schnell, we study holomorphic 1-forms on $n$-dimensional varieties of Kodaira dimension $n-1$. We show that a complex minimal smooth projective variety $X$ of Kodaira dimension $\kappa (X)=\dim X-1$ admits a holomorphic 1-form without zero if and only if there is a smooth morphism from $X$ to an elliptic curve. Furthermore, for a general smooth projective variety (not necessarily minimal) $X$ of Kodaira codimension one, we give a structure theorem for $X$ given that $X$ admits a holomorphic 1-form without zero.
Reduced Respiratory Syncytial Virus Load, Symptoms, and Infections: A Human Challenge Trial of MVA-BN-RSV Vaccine
Authors: Jordan Elke , Kabir Golam , Schultz Stephanie , Silbernagl Günter , Schmidt Darja , Jenkins Victoria A , Weidenthaler Heinz , Stroukova Daria , Martin Barbara K , De Moerlooze Laurence 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes significant disease burden in older adults. MVA-BN-RSV is a novel poxvirus-vectored vaccine encoding internal and external RSV proteins.

Methods
In a phase 2a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, healthy participants aged 18 to 50 years received MVA-BN-RSV or placebo, then were challenged 4 weeks later with RSV-A Memphis 37b. Viral load was assessed from nasal washes. RSV symptoms were collected. Antibody titers and cellular markers were assessed before and after vaccination and challenge.

Results
After receiving MVA-BN-RSV or placebo, 31 and 32 participants, respectively, were challenged. Viral load areas under the curve from nasal washes were lower (P = .017) for MVA-BN-RSV (median = 0.00) than placebo (median = 49.05). Total symptom scores also were lower (median = 2.50 and 27.00, respectively; P = .004). Vaccine efficacy against symptomatic, laboratory-confirmed or culture-confirmed infection was 79.3% to 88.5% (P = .022 and .013). Serum immunoglobulin A and G titers increased approximately 4-fold after MVA-BN-RSV vaccination. Interferon-γ–producing cells increased 4- to 6-fold after MVA-BN-RSV in response to stimulation with the encoded RSV internal antigens. Injection site pain occurred more frequently with MVA-BN-RSV. No serious adverse events were attributed to vaccination.

Conclusions
MVA-BN-RSV vaccination resulted in lower viral load and symptom scores, fewer confirmed infections, and induced humoral and cellular responses.

Clinical Trials Registration
NCT04752644.
Miscarriage, Abortion, and Disease
Authors: Waters Tom 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The frequency of death from miscarriage is very high, greater than the number of deaths from induced abortion or major diseases. Berg (2017 , Philosophical Studies 174:1217–26) argues that, given this, those who contend that personhood begins at conception (PAC) are obliged to reorient their resources accordingly—towards stopping miscarriage, in preference to stopping abortion or diseases. This argument depends on there being a basic moral similarity between these deaths. I argue that, for those that hold to PAC, there are good reasons to think that there is no such similarity. There is a morally relevant difference between preventing killing and letting die, giving PAC supporters reasons to prioritize reducing abortion over reducing miscarriage. And the time-relative interest account provides a morally relevant difference in the badness of death of miscarriages and deaths of born adults, justifying attempts to combat major diseases over attempts to combat miscarriage. I consider recent developments in the literature and contend that these new arguments are unsuccessful in establishing moral similarities between deaths from miscarriage and abortion, and deaths from miscarriage and disease.
Ordering factorial experiments
Authors: Yang Liuqing , Zhou Yongdao , Liu Min-Qian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In many practical experiments, both the level combinations of factors and the addition orders will affect the responses. However, virtually no construction methods have been provided for such experimental designs. This paper focuses on such experiments, introduces a new type of design called the ordering factorial design, and proposes the nominal main effect component-position model and interaction-main effect component-position model. To obtain efficient fractional designs, we provide some deterministic construction methods. The resulting designs are D-optimal, and the run sizes are much smaller than that of the full designs. Moreover, in some cases, some constructed designs are still D-optimal after reducing the number of components and factors.
Predicting light curves of RR Lyrae variables using artificial neural network based interpolation of a grid of pulsation models
Authors: Kumar Nitesh , Bhardwaj Anupam , Singh Harinder P , Das Susmita , Marconi Marcella , Kanbur Shashi M , Prugniel Philippe 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
We present a new technique to generate the light curves of RRab stars in different photometric bands (I and V bands) using artificial neural networks (ANN). A pre-computed grid of models was used to train the ANN, and the architecture was tuned using the I-band light curves. The best-performing network was adopted to make the final interpolators in the I and V bands. The trained interpolators were used to predict the light curve of RRab stars in the Magellanic Clouds, and the distances to the Large Magellanic Cloud and Small Magellanic Cloud were determined based on the reddening independent Wesenheit index. The estimated distances are in good agreement with the literature. The comparison of the predicted and observed amplitudes, and Fourier amplitude ratios showed good agreement, but the Fourier phase parameters displayed a few discrepancies. To showcase the utility of the interpolators, the light curve of the RRab star EZ Cnc was generated and compared with the observed light curve from the Kepler mission. The reported distance to EZ Cnc was found to be in excellent agreement with the updated parallax measurement from Gaia EDR3. Our ANN interpolator provides a fast and efficient technique to generate a smooth grid of model light curves for a wide range of physical parameters, which is computationally expensive and time-consuming using stellar pulsation codes.
SAG-RAD: A Method for Single-Cell Population Genomics of Unicellular Eukaryotes
Authors: Gollnisch Raphael , Wallenius Joel , Gribble Kristin E , Ahrén Dag , Rengefors Karin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Sequencing of reduced representation libraries enables genotyping of many individuals for population genomic studies. However, high amounts of DNA are required, and the method cannot be applied directly on single cells, preventing its use on most microbes. We developed and implemented the analysis of single amplified genomes followed by restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing to bypass labor-intensive culturing and to avoid culturing bias in population genomic studies of unicellular eukaryotes. This method thus opens the way for addressing important questions about the genetic diversity, gene flow, adaptation, dispersal, and biogeography of hitherto unexplored species.
Changes in metabolic landscapes shape divergent but distinct mutational signatures and cytotoxic consequences of redox stress
Authors: Degtyareva Natalya P , Placentra Victoria C , Gabel Scott A , Klimczak Leszek J , Gordenin Dmitry A , Wagner Brett A , Buettner Garry R , Mueller Geoffrey A , Smirnova Tatyana I , Doetsch Paul W 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Mutational signatures discerned in cancer genomes, in aging tissues and in cells exposed to toxic agents, reflect complex processes underlying transformation of cells from normal to dysfunctional. Due to its ubiquitous and chronic nature, redox stress contributions to cellular makeover remain equivocal. The deciphering of a new mutational signature of an environmentally-relevant oxidizing agent, potassium bromate, in yeast single strand DNA uncovered a surprising heterogeneity in the mutational signatures of oxidizing agents. NMR-based analysis of molecular outcomes of redox stress revealed profound dissimilarities in metabolic landscapes following exposure to hydrogen peroxide versus potassium bromate. The predominance of G to T substitutions in the mutational spectra distinguished potassium bromate from hydrogen peroxide and paraquat and mirrored the observed metabolic changes. We attributed these changes to the generation of uncommon oxidizing species in a reaction with thiol-containing antioxidants; a nearly total depletion of intracellular glutathione and a paradoxical augmentation of potassium bromate mutagenicity and toxicity by antioxidants. Our study provides the framework for understanding multidimensional processes triggered by agents collectively known as oxidants. Detection of increased mutational loads associated with potassium bromate-related mutational motifs in human tumors may be clinically relevant as a biomarker of this distinct type of redox stress.
Challenging the fixed-criterion model of perceptual decision-making
Authors: Lee Jennifer Laura , Denison Rachel , Ma Wei Ji 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPerceptual decision-making is often conceptualized as the process of comparing an internal decision variable to a categorical boundary or criterion. How the mind sets such a criterion has been studied from at least two perspectives. One idea is that the criterion is a fixed quantity. In work on subjective phenomenology, the notion of a fixed criterion has been proposed to explain a phenomenon called “subjective inflation”—a form of metacognitive mismatch in which observers overestimate the quality of their sensory representation in the periphery or at unattended locations. A contrasting view emerging from studies of perceptual decision-making is that the criterion adjusts to the level sensory uncertainty and is thus sensitive to variations in attention. Here, we mathematically demonstrate that previous empirical findings supporting subjective inflation are consistent with either a fixed or a flexible decision criterion. We further lay out specific task properties that are necessary to make inferences about the flexibility of the criterion: (i) a clear mapping from decision variable space to stimulus feature space and (ii) an incentive for observers to adjust their decision criterion as uncertainty changes. Recent work satisfying these requirements has demonstrated that decision criteria flexibly adjust according to uncertainty. We conclude that the fixed-criterion model of subjective inflation is poorly tenable.
Depression and anxiety in glioma patients
Authors: van der Meer Pim B , Dirven Linda , Hertler Caroline , Boele Florien W , Batalla Albert , Walbert Tobias , Rooney Alasdair G , Koekkoek Johan A F 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Glioma patients carry the burden of having both a progressive neurological disease and cancer, and may face a variety of symptoms, including depression and anxiety. These symptoms are highly prevalent in glioma patients (median point prevalence ranging from 16–41% for depression and 24–48% for anxiety when assessed by self-report questionnaires) and have a major impact on health-related quality of life and even overall survival time. A worse overall survival time for glioma patients with depressive symptoms might be due to tumor progression and/or its supportive treatment causing depressive symptoms, an increased risk of suicide or other (unknown) factors. Much is still unclear about the etiology of depressive and anxiety symptoms in glioma. These psychiatric symptoms often find their cause in a combination of neurophysiological and psychological factors, such as the tumor and/or its treatment. Although these patients have a particular idiosyncrasy, standard treatment guidelines for depressive and anxiety disorders apply, generally recommending psychological and pharmacological treatment. Only a few nonpharmacological trials have been conducted evaluating the efficacy of psychological treatments (eg, a reminiscence therapy-based care program) in this population, which significantly reduced depressive and anxiety symptoms. No pharmacological trials have been conducted in glioma patients specifically. More well-designed trials evaluating the efficacy of nonpharmacological treatments for depressive and anxiety disorders in glioma are urgently needed to successfully treat psychiatric symptoms in brain tumor patients and to improve (health-related) quality of life.
Limited Clinical Impact of Ultralow-Dose Computed Tomography in Suspected Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Authors: van Engelen Tjitske S R , Kanglie Maadrika M N P , van den Berk Inge A H , Altenburg Josje , Dijkgraaf Marcel G W , Bossuyt Patrick M M , Stoker Jaap , Prins Jan M ,   OPTIMACT Study Group, Annema Jouke , bBeenen Ludo F M , Bekebrede-Kaufman Dominique , van den Berg Joost W , Moens Sophie J Bernelot , Bipat Shandra , Boerrigter Bart G , Bomers Marije M K , van den Boogert Marjolein A W , Bouwman Merel L J , Bresser Paul , van den Broek Annemieke K , Elzer Brenda , Donkers Jos , Eryigit Elvin , Frankemölle Betty , Groeneveld Nina-Suzanne , Groenink Maarten , Halsema Emo E van , Begemann Naomi M Haverkamp , Höchheimer Suzanne M R , Hoff David ten , Holleman Frits , Hoolwerf Erwin , Hulzebosch Dorine , Keijzers Mitran , Kolkman Saskia , Kooter Jos A J , Korevaar Daniel A , van der Lee Ivo , Lobe Nick H J , Leenhouts Peter A , Loon Ramon B van , Luijendijk Paul , Monraats Melanie A , Mol Bregje , Luitse Jan , Meijboom Lilian J , Melaan Carmen M , Middeldorp Saskia , Swijndregt Alexander Montauban van , de Monyé Wouter , Otker Jacqueline , Pijning Anna , van der Poll Tom , Randen Adrienne van , Reijnders Tom D Y , Ridderikhof Milan L , Romijn Johannes A , Rooijen Jorien M van , Scheerder Maeke J , Schoonderwoerd Antoinet J N , Schijf Laura J , Smithuis Frank F , Sprengers Ralf W , Soetekouw Robin , Streekstra Geert J , Taal Elizabeth M , Wai Milou M Tjong Joe , Tulek Merve S , Vries Glenn de , van der Velden Daphne D L , Veldkamp Saskia , Verdegaal Loek , Vogel Maaike J A , Vught Lonneke A van , Vuurboom Mart , Westerhof Guus A , Wijsman Pieta C , Winter Michiel M , Wouda Rosa D , Yahya Ibtisam 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Patients clinically suspected of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) were randomized between ultralow-dose chest computed tomography ([ULDCT] 261 patients) and chest radiograph ([CXR] 231 patients). We did not find evidence that performing ULDCT instead of CXR affects antibiotic treatment policy or patient outcomes. However, in a subgroup of afebrile patients, there were more patients diagnosed with CAP in the ULDCT group (ULDCT, 106 of 608 patients; CXR, 71 of 654 patients; P = .001).
Patient Understanding of Oncology Clinical Trial Endpoints in Direct-to-Consumer Television Advertising
Authors: Sullivan Helen W , O’Donoghue Amie C , Boudewyns Vanessa , Paquin Ryan S , Ferriola-Bruckenstein Kate 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background
This study examined how people interpret overall survival (OS), overall response rate (ORR), and progression-free survival (PFS) endpoints in the context of direct-to-consumer television ads. Although there is little research on this topic, initial evidence suggests that people can misinterpret these endpoints. We hypothesized that understanding of ORR and PFS would be improved by adding a disclosure (“We currently do not know if [Drug] helps patients live longer”) to ORR and PFS claims.

Methods
We conducted 2 online studies with US adults examining television ads for fictional prescription drugs indicated to treat lung cancer (N = 385) or multiple myeloma (N = 406). The ads included claims about OS, ORR with and without a disclosure, or PFS with and without a disclosure. In each experiment, we randomized participants to view 1 of 5 versions of a television ad. After viewing the ad twice, participants completed a questionnaire that measured understanding, perceptions, and other outcomes.

Results
In both studies, participants correctly differentiated between OS, ORR, and PFS via open-ended responses; however, participants in the PFS conditions (versus ORR conditions) were more likely to make incorrect inferences about OS. Supporting the hypothesis, adding a disclosure made expectations around living longer and quality-of-life improvements more accurate.

Conclusion
Disclosures could help reduce the extent to which people misinterpret endpoints like ORR and PFS. More research is needed to establish best-practice recommendations for using disclosures to improve patient understanding of drug efficacy without changing their perception of the drug in unintended ways.