bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Effect of γ Phosphate Modified Deoxynucleotide Substrates on PCR Activity and Fidelity
Authors: Hashiya Fumitaka , Murase Hirotaka , Chandela Akash , Hiraoka Haruka , Inagaki Masahito , Nakashima Yuko , Abe Naoko , Nakamura Mayu , Terai Goro , Kimura Yasuaki , Ando Kaori , Oka Natsuhisa , Asai Kiyoshi , Abe Hiroshi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractControlling PCR fidelity is an important issue for molecular biology and high‐fidelity PCR is essential for gene cloning. In general, fidelity control is achieved by protein engineering of polymerases. In contrast, only a few studies have reported controlling fidelity using chemically modified nucleotide substrates. In this report, we synthesized nucleotide substrates possessing a modification on Pγ and evaluated the effect of this modification on PCR fidelity. One of the substrates, nucleotide tetraphosphate, caused a modest decrease in Taq DNA polymerase activity and the effect on PCR fidelity was dependent on the type of mutation. The use of deoxyadenosine tetraphosphate enhanced the A : T→G : C mutation dramatically, which is common when using Taq polymerase. Conversely, deoxyguanosine tetraphosphate (dG4P) suppressed this mutation but increased the G : C→A : T mutation during PCR. Using an excess amount of dG4P suppressed both mutations successfully and total fidelity was improved.
N‐(aminobenzyliden)phthalimides as a New Redox Mediator Family for the Selective Indirect Reduction of Benzyl or Allyl Halides
Authors: Patiño‐Alonzo Erick S. , Barroso‐Flores Joaquín , Frontana‐Uribe Bernardo A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe chemical stability of the electrogenerated radical anion of N‐(aminobenzyl) phthalimide 1 in aprotic organic media at room temperature is reported in this work. The redox couples 1/1⋅− and its imine precursor 2/2⋅− can carry out reductive redox catalysis of benzyl or allyl halides indirectly. This reaction gives easy access to reactive alkyl radicals, which in the presence of diethyl fumarate yields 2‐benzylsuccinate diethyl ester in moderate yields; this reaction is unattainable by direct electrochemical reduction. Spin density calculations at the DFT level of theory showed that the spin density of 1⋅− and 2⋅− is located on the phtalimide ring, and a dimeric association was evidenced (Eint=23.47 kcal/mol and Eint=80.42 kcal/mol respectively), via π−π stacking interactions. The redox mediators presented here showed good functional group selectivity, redox potential tunability and easy preparation from readily available commercial materials with excellent yields.
Fault diagnosis of complex chemical process based on multi‐scale ADCRC feature learning
Authors: Yang Yinghua , Huang Lei , Yao Dandan , Liu Xiaozhi , Chenxu Li 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe time series and multi‐scale characteristics of complex industrial process data are always important factors affecting the performance of fault diagnosis. In this study, a new fault diagnosis model based on multi‐scale attention dilated causal residual convolution (ADCRC) is proposed. Aiming at the temporal nature of industrial data, the ADCRC module is developed to extract time series features, in which the ADCRC module is composed of dilated causal convolution (DCC), attention mechanism (AM), and residual connection, DCC is used to extract time series features, AM adjusts the weight of features according to attention distribution to obtain more important feature information, and residual connection is used to enhance the training accuracy of model. For the multi‐scale characteristics of original data, MS‐ADCRC model based on ADCRC module is developed for multi‐scale feature extraction, in which multiple ADCRC modules extract multi‐scale features of data in parallel. Finally, the proposed MS‐ADCRC model is tested on the Tennessee‐Eastman data set. Compared with other existing models, the results show that the proposed MS‐ADCRC model has more advantages in fault diagnosis feature learning.
Trends and factors associated with secondhand smoke exposure among US cancer survivors, 2013–2020
Authors: Wang Ruixuan , LeLaurin Jennifer , Carrier Allison , Churba Benjamin , Karanth Shama , Yoon Hyung‐Suk , Braithwaite Dejana , Salloum Ramzi G. , Hong Young‐Rock 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundSecondhand smoke (SHS) poses a significant public health threat. Cancer survivors are at a greater risk of adverse health outcomes from SHS because of its association with poor prognosis and other downstream clinical events.MethodsA nationally representative sample of US adults aged 20 years and older was analyzed from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2013 and 2020. Data on indoor SHS exposure were reported by 16,778 adults who were not currently smoking (1775 cancer survivors; 15,003 individuals without a cancer history). The weighted prevalence of SHS exposure was estimated and compared across sociodemographic and health‐related characteristics. Multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to identify correlates of SHS exposure.ResultsOf the 1775 nonsmoking cancer survivors (mean age, 64.9 years; 57.0% female; 84.4% non‐Hispanic Whites), 15.8% reported SHS exposure. No significant change in trends of SHS exposure was observed during the study period. The prevalence of SHS exposure was higher in cancer survivors who were younger, racial minorities, and had a household income below 130% of the federal poverty level. After adjustment for multiple correlates, age below 40 years, low income, smoking history, and diagnosis within 2 years were associated with SHS exposure. Cancer survivors were most likely to report that SHS exposure occurred at home or in a car.ConclusionsThe prevalence of SHS exposure among cancer survivors remained steady in the past decade. However, disparities exist in SHS exposure among cancer survivors across sociodemographic characteristics and smoking status. Smoking cessation programs should be promoted among caregivers and families of cancer survivors.
A new paradigm for classifying and treating HER2‐positive breast cancer
Authors: He Xuexin , Yeung Sai‐Ching J. , Esteva Francisco J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundBecause of the phenomenal success of treatment with monoclonal antibodies and antibody‐drug conjugates targeting human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), most patients with early‐stage HER2‐positive breast cancer (HER2+ BC) and some with limited metastatic diseases have been cured, and those who have not been cured have achieved significant improvements in overall survival, which has weakened the role of the TNM staging system in the prognosis of HER2+ BC today. Given that the disease is now highly curable, treatment conception, classification, and modalities should differ from those of cancer types with a poor prognosis. It is warranted to build a new paradigm for classifying and treating HER2+ BC.Recent findingsIn our personal view, we suggest that the classification system should be based not only on traditional anatomy and cancer biology but also on available treatment regimens, their exceptional outcomes, and their toxicities. In this regard, we developed a new concise classification of HER2+ BC based on the TNM staging system, a review of the literature, research results, and our clinical experience, dividing the patients into four distinct groups: curable (lymph‐node negative and small (≤3 cm) early breast cancer), do our best to cure (locally advanced or tumors >3 cm early breast cancer), hope for cure (local‐regional recurrent, limited metastases, and exceptional responders), and incurable (metastatic breast cancer with poor performance status or non‐exceptional responders).ConclusionIt will assist clinicians in developing an optimal treatment regimen at the outset, curing more HER2+ BC patients and improving their quality of life.
Bandwidth and frequency agile MIMO antenna for cognitive vehicular communications
Authors: Natesan Kumaran , Subramaniam Ramesh , Sivathanu Chitra 
Published: May 2023

SummaryA reconfigurable MIMO antenna for heterogeneous vehicular networks is reported in this paper. The frequency and bandwidth characteristics of the MIMO antenna can be reconfigured to meet multi‐standard and multi‐frequency requirements in automobiles. The antenna element evolved from an edge‐chamfered ultra‐wideband (UWB) antenna operating from 2.1 to >15 GHz. The bandwidth reconfiguration is achieved through the selection of excitation paths connecting the feed and radiator. The feedline selection is performed using PIN diodes, making the antenna operate in three distinct modes, namely, UWB mode (Mode 1: 2.1–>15 GHz), industrial, scientific and medical/Internet of Things (ISM/IoT) mode (Mode 2: 2.45 GHz), and wireless local area network (WLAN) mode (Mode 3: 5–6 GHz). The feed path corresponding to Mode 2 and Mode 3 is incorporated with a suitable filtering network to shape the frequency response of the antenna based on the user's requirements. Owing to the requirement of cognitive selection of frequency bands, the frequency tunability in Mode 2 is realized using varactor diodes. The varactor‐incorporated feed path reconfigures the center frequency between 2.45 and 3.5 GHz. The proposed MIMO antenna offers gain and total efficiency greater than 2.94 dBi and 76%, respectively. The prototype of the 4‐port MIMO antenna is being fabricated to test its functionality in real time.
Dielectrophoresis microbial characterization and isolation of Staphylococcus aureus based on optimum crossover frequency
Authors: Rozaini Arash Zulkarnain Ahmad , Abdulhameed Abdullah , Deivasigamani Revathy , Nadzreen Nurulhuda , Zin Noraziah Mohamad , Kayani Amin Ahmad , Buyong Muhamad Ramdzan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCharacterization of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria is a significant concern that persists for the rapid classification and analysis of the bacteria. A technology that utilizes the manipulation of antibiotic‐resistant bacteria is key to solving the significant threat of these pathogenic bacteria by rapid characterization profile. Dielectrophoresis (DEP) can differentiate between antibiotic‐resistant and susceptible bacteria based on their physical structure and polarization properties. In this work, the DEP response of two Gram‐positive bacteria, namely, Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Methicillin‐susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), was investigated and simulated. The DEP characterization was experimentally observed on the bacteria influenced by oxacillin and vancomycin antibiotics. MSSA control without antibiotics has crossover frequencies () from 6 to 8 MHz, whereas MRSA control is from 2 to 3 MHz. The changed when bacteria were exposed to the antibiotic. As for MSSA, the decreased to 3.35 MHz compared to MSSA control without antibiotics, MRSA, increased to 7 MHz when compared to MRSA control. The changes in the DEP response of MSSA and MRSA with and without antibiotics were theoretically proven using MyDEP and COMSOL simulation and experimentally based on the modification to the bacteria cell walls. Thus, the DEP response can be employed as a label‐free detectable method to sense and differentiate between resistant and susceptible strains with different antibiotic profiles. The developed method can be implemented on a single platform to analyze and identify bacteria for rapid, scalable, and accurate characterization.
Trends and challenges in microfluidic methods for protein manipulation—A review
Authors: de los Santos‐Ramirez J. Martin , Boyas‐Chavez Pablo G. , Cerrillos‐Ordoñez Andres , Mata‐Gomez Marco , Gallo‐Villanueva Roberto C. , Perez‐Gonzalez Victor H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractProteins are important molecules involved in an immensely large number of biological processes. Being capable of manipulating proteins is critical for developing reliable and affordable techniques to analyze and/or detect them. Such techniques would enable the production of therapeutic agents for the treatment of diseases or other biotechnological applications (e.g., bioreactors or biocatalysis). Microfluidic technology represents a potential solution to protein manipulation challenges because of the diverse phenomena that can be exploited to achieve micro‐ and nanoparticle manipulation. In this review, we discuss recent contributions made in the field of protein manipulation in microfluidic systems using different physicochemical principles and techniques, some of which are miniaturized versions of already established macro‐scale techniques.
Advances in understanding the cooling rates and bending of needle ice: Photogrammetric and thermal observations leading to the spatial distribution of needle ice creep
Authors: Ponti Stefano , Guglielmin Mauro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe freeze–thaw cycles are a process that dominate entire landscapes with different intensity and magnitudes that are strongly changing in the current climate change conditions. In particular, the diurnal frost heave (FH) and needle ice creep (NIC) are two poorly studied processes, especially in the field, despite their effects on the sediment transportation and vegetation colonization on Alpine slopes. In a site of the Central Alps, we applied photogrammetry, thermal imaging, manual measurements and thermistors logging to improve the knowledge of the driving parameter for the formation and accretion of needle ice, of the relations of their spatial distribution with cooling rates and the frost creep modelling change in the presence of the bending process. Among the driving factors, we demonstrate that very local conditions govern the development of the needle ice, like the air cooling rates, the deepening of the freezing front and the surficial cooling rates. Especially low cooling rates are necessary for an intense process. Also the grain size influences the development of the needle ice with higher needle ice development under fine sediment than under small clasts due to a differential thermal conductivity. Moreover, the bending of needle ice has proved to be dependent on its length, age and type of heaved sediment. Therefore, potential frost creep formulas needed to be ameliorated considering the bending angle. Subsequently, a question about the role of slope gradient in NIC is treated.
Integrating interval type‐2 fuzzy logic and modified dingo optimization for node ranking and energy efficient MANET
Authors: C R Mamatha , Ramakrishna M 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn mobile ad hoc networks (MANET), the mobility of the node changes dynamically, thus affecting the stability of the connection and increasing energy consumption. The heterogeneity of the MANET nodes in terms of mobility, battery capacity, and processing capabilities often complicates the routing process and results in increased energy consumption and traffic overhead. To overcome the challenges associated with diverse MANET nodes, this article presents a hybrid interval type‐2 fuzzy logic controller and modified dingo optimization (IT2FLC‐MDO) algorithm‐based optimized link‐state routing protocol. In our proposed IT2FLC‐MDO algorithm, multiple Quality of Service (QoS) parameters (node distance, lifetime, residual energy, speed, queue length, etc) are integrated into a single multicriteria node metric to improve the multipath route analysis and topology formation. In this way, the need to broadcast multiple parameters for each session is reduced thus minimizing the control overhead. The proposed routing protocol mainly aims to achieve a tradeoff between the QoS metrics and energy consumption during data transmission, addresses the QoS and energy issues associated with multipath routing, and uses a multicriteria node metric. The proposed IT2FLC‐MDO protocol takes both the energy consumption and QoS parameters into account, thus achieving a balance between the energy consumption and QoS. The cluster head primarily chooses the path with the highest link quality to ensure reliable data transmission. The proposed IT2FLC‐MDO protocol's efficiency is demonstrated using several performance measures such as packet delivery ratio, average end‐to‐end delay, and normalized control overhead. The simulation results indicate that the proposed algorithm can handle MANET uncertainty while minimizing control overhead. The results show that the proposed algorithm offers a packet delivery rate nearly equal to 96% and improves the MANET's lifetime by up to 59%.
Molecular classification and identification of an aggressive signature in low‐grade B‐cell lymphomas
Authors: Hopper Melissa A. , Wenzl Kerstin , Hartert Keenan T. , Krull Jordan E. , Dropik Abigail R. , Novak Joseph P. , Manske Michelle K. , Serres MaKayla R. , Sarangi Vivekananda , Larson Melissa C. , Maurer Matthew J. , Yang Zhi‐Zhang , Paludo Jonas , McPhail Ellen D. , Habermann Thomas M. , Link Brian K. , Rimsza Lisa M. , Ansell Stephen M. , Cerhan James R. , Jevremovic Dragan , Novak Anne J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNon‐follicular low‐grade B‐cell lymphomas (LGBCL) are biologically diverse entities that share clinical and histologic features that make definitive pathologic categorization challenging. While most patients with LGBCL have an indolent course, some experience aggressive disease, highlighting additional heterogeneity across these subtypes. To investigate the potential for shared biology across subtypes, we performed RNA sequencing and applied machine learning approaches that identified five clusters of patients that grouped independently of subtype. One cluster was characterized by inferior outcome, upregulation of cell cycle genes, and increased tumor immune cell content. Integration of whole exome sequencing identified novel LGBCL mutations and enrichment of TNFAIP3 and BCL2 alterations in the poor survival cluster. Building on this, we further refined a transcriptomic signature associated with early clinical failure in two independent cohorts. Taken together, this study identifies unique clusters of LGBCL defined by novel gene expression signatures and immune profiles associated with outcome across diagnostic subtypes.
Energyand vapour transfer in evaporation processes over saturated bare soil and water surface‐lysimeter studies
Authors: Li Wanxin , Wang Wenke , Yang Yuankai , Hou Xinyue , Ha Hongting 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPotential evaporation (PE) is a significant input in many hydrological models for the estimation of actual evaporation. Evaporation from water (PEw) is generally considered equivalent to evaporation from saturated bare soils (PEs). The influences of the underlying surface on PE as well as the energy and vapour transfer in potential evaporation processes over different surfaces are rarely discussed. In this research, lysimeter experiments were set up to measure the diurnal cycles of evaporation from two saturated sandy soils and water at a high temporal resolution in the Guanzhong Basin, China. Evaporation from Class A Pan, meteorological variables and temperatures were also measured during the experiment. Observation results show that PEsis ~12% higher than PEwon a yearly scale. There were also some clear differences in diurnal and seasonal PE dynamics between saturated bare soils and water. In summer, PEsis higher than PEwat day but smaller at night, with the peak value of PEwlagging ~4 h behind PEs. These observed PE dynamics and energy transfer processes can be quantitative explained on the basis of a full analysis of the energy balance equation. A comprehensive description of the flux transfer processes showed that these differences in PE are governed by differences in available energy (including albedo and thermal properties) between soils and water. Moreover, the observed differences in PE and vapour transfer processes were reproduced and described by improving the vapour diffusion equation, with considering the influence of different surfaces and boundary layer thicknesses. It is found that dynamics in PE were mainly characterised by surface temperature, which further determined the vapour gradients between the evaporation surface and air flow. The results suggested that differences between PEsand PEwcannot be neglected in hydrological applications. This study can act as both an experimental and theoretical reference for estimating potential evaporation rates.
Genetic deletion or tyrosine phosphatase inhibition of PTPRZ1 activates c‐Met to up‐regulate angiogenesis and lung adenocarcinoma growth
Authors: Kastana Pinelopi , Ntenekou Despoina , Mourkogianni Eleni , Enake Michaela‐Karina , Xanthopoulos Athanasios , Choleva Effrosyni , Marazioti Antonia , Nikou Sophia , Akwii Racheal G. , Papadaki Eleni , Gramage Esther , Herradón Gonzalo , Stathopoulos Georgios T. , Mikelis Constantinos M. , Papadimitriou Evangelia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractProtein tyrosine phosphatase receptor zeta 1 (PTPRZ1) is a transmembrane tyrosine phosphatase (TP) expressed in endothelial cells and required for stimulation of cell migration by vascular endothelial growth factor A165 (VEGFA165) and pleiotrophin (PTN). It is also over or under‐expressed in various tumor types. In this study, we used genetically engineered Ptprz1−/− and Ptprz1+/+ mice to study mechanistic aspects of PTPRZ1 involvement in angiogenesis and investigate its role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) growth. Ptprz1−/− lung microvascular endothelial cells (LMVEC) have increased angiogenic features compared with Ptprz1+/+ LMVEC, in line with the increased lung angiogenesis and the enhanced chemically induced LUAD growth in Ptprz1−/− compared with Ptprz1+/+ mice. In LUAD cells isolated from the lungs of urethane‐treated mice, PTPRZ1 TP inhibition also enhanced proliferation and migration. Expression of beta 3 (β3) integrin is decreased in Ptprz1−/− LMVEC, linked to enhanced VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), c‐Met tyrosine kinase (TK) and Akt kinase activities. However, only c‐Met and Akt seem responsible for the enhanced endothelial cell activation in vitro and LUAD growth and angiogenesis in vivo in Ptprz1−/− mice. A selective PTPRZ1 TP inhibitor, VEGFA165 and PTN also activate c‐Met and Akt in a PTPRZ1‐dependent manner in endothelial cells, and their stimulatory effects are abolished by the c‐Met TK inhibitor (TKI) crizotinib. Altogether, our data suggest that low PTPRZ1 expression is linked to worse LUAD prognosis and response to c‐Met TKIs and uncover for the first time the role of PTPRZ1 in mediating c‐Met activation by VEGFA and PTN.
Complication rates of peripherally inserted central catheters vs implanted ports in patients receiving systemic anticancer therapy: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Rieger Max J. , Schenkel Xenia , Dedic Ivona , Brunn Tadeusz , Gnannt Ralph , Hofmann Michael , de Rougemont Olivier , Stolz Sebastian M. , Rösler Wiebke , Studt Jan‐Dirk , Balabanov Stefan , Wicki Andreas , Lorch Anja , Manz Markus G. , Schwotzer Rahel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhile implanted port catheters (“PORTs”) have historically been the standard device for intravenous systemic anticancer therapy, the use of peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) has increased continuously and reliable catheter selection guidelines are lacking. We compare complication rates of PORTs and PICCs in cancer treatment in a retrospective study of 3365 patients with both solid organ (n = 2612) and hematologic (n = 753) malignancies, between 2001 and 2021. 26.4% (n = 890) of all patients were treated via PICCs and 73.6% (2475) via PORTs. 20.7% (578) experienced a major catheter‐related complication with a higher rate in PICCs than in PORTs (23.5% vs 14.9%, P < .001). Among major complications, infections and mechanical complications were more common in PICCs than in PORTs (11.9% vs 6.4%, P = .001, 7.3% vs 4.2%, P = .002), whereas the rate of thrombosis was similar (3.4% vs 3.0%, P = .9). While PORTs had a higher rate of periprocedural complications (2.7% vs 1.1%, P < .05), PICCs overall complication rate exceeded PORTs within 3 days from implantation. Median follow‐up was 49 (PICC) and 60 weeks (PORT). PORTs are safer and therefore should be preferred in this setting regardless of catheter dwell time.