bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐Component Photochromic Smart Semiconductor with Photoswitchable Fast Bidirectional Electron Transfer
Authors: Yu Xiao‐Qing , Wang Ming‐Sheng , Guo Guo‐Cong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroduction of photochromic properties into semiconductors confers semiconductors with smart behaviors, color‐related applications, and new modulation approaches. Photochromophores with electron‐transfer (redox) behavior, such as viologen and naphthalene diimide, are ideal functional motifs to design photochromic semiconductors owing to good adaptability to the solid matrix, but their reverse reactions are exclusively realized by the thermal mode, which is slow (in dozens of seconds or longer) and thus significantly hinders real applications in the fields that require high‐speed switching. This study reveals that photoexcitation in the electronic absorption band of the π‐aggregate of viologen cation radicals can successfully trigger reverse electron transfer quickly (in 1 s with a continuous‐wave 808 nm laser at a power density of 5 W cm−2; the photothermal effect is excluded), and the first single‐component all‐optically photochromic semiconductor is accordingly discovered. This discovery breaks through a traditional concept that reverse reactions of viologen compounds can not be triggered by the light, and provides a potential approach to realize all‐optical switch of single‐component photochromic smart semiconductors based on electron‐transfer photochromic functional motifs.
Hierarchical Architectural Structures Induce High Performance in n‐Type GeTe‐Based Thermoelectrics
Authors: Wang De‐Zhuang , Liu Wei‐Di , Li Meng , Zheng Kun , Hu Hanwen , Yin Liang‐Cao , Wang Yifeng , Zhu He , Shi Xiao‐Lei , Yang Xiaoning , Liu Qingfeng , Chen Zhi‐Gang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCompatible p‐ and n‐type materials are necessary for high‐performance GeTe thermoelectric modules, where the n‐type counterparts are in urgent need. Here, it is reported that the p‐type GeTe can be tuned into n‐type by decreasing the formation energy of Te vacancies via AgBiTe2 alloying. AgBiTe2 alloying induces Ag2Te precipitates and tunes the carrier concentration close to the optimal level, leading to a high‐power factor of 6.2 µW cm−1 K−2 at 423 K. Particularly, the observed hierarchical architectural structures, including phase boundaries, nano‐precipitates, and point defects, contribute an ultralow lattice thermal conductivity of 0.39 W m−1 K−1 at 423 K. Correspondingly, an increased ZT of 0.5 at 423 K is observed in n‐type (GeTe)0.45(AgBiTe2)0.55. Furthermore, a single‐leg module demonstrates a maximum η of 6.6% at the temperature range from 300 to 500 K. This study indicates that AgBiTe2 alloying can successfully turn GeTe into n‐type with simultaneously optimized thermoelectric performance.
Electrochemical Replication and Transfer for Low‐Cost, Sub‐100 nm Patterning of Materials on Flexible Substrates
Authors: Chen Zijian , Lu Xi , Wang Huixin , Chang Jian , Wang Dongrui , Wang Wenshuo , Ng Sze‐Wing , Rong Mingming , Li Peng , Huang Qiyao , Gan Zhuofei , Zhong Jianwen , Li Wen‐Di , Zheng Zijian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe fabrication of high‐resolution patterns on flexible substrates is an essential step in the development of flexible electronics. However, the patterning process on flexible substrates often requires expensive equipment and tedious lithographic processing. Here, a bottom‐up patterning technique, termed electrochemical replication and transfer (ERT) is reported, which fabricates multiscale patterns of a wide variety of materials by selective electrodeposition of target materials on a predefined template, and subsequent transfer of the electrodeposited materials to a flexible substrate, while leaving the undamaged template for reuse for over 100 times. The additive and parallel patterning attribute of ERT allows the fabrication of multiscale patterns with resolutions spanning from sub‐100 nm to many centimeters simultaneously, which overcomes the trade‐off between resolution and throughput of conventional patterning techniques. ERT is suitable for fabricating a wide variety of materials including metals, semiconductors, metal oxides, and polymers into arbitrary shapes on flexible substrates at a very low cost.
S‐Species‐Evoked High‐Valence Ni2+δ of the Evolved β‐Ni(OH)2 Electrode for Selective Oxidation of 5‐Hydroxymethylfurfural
Authors: Liu Chaofan , Shi Xue‐Rong , Yue Kaihang , Wang Peijie , Zhan Ke , Wang Xianying , Xia Bao Yu , Yan Ya 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAn efficient NiSx‐modified β‐Ni(OH)2 electrode is reported for the selective oxidation reaction of 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMFOR) with excellent electrocatalytic 5‐hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) selectivity (99.4%), conversion (97.7%), and Faradaic efficiency (98.3%). The decoration of NiSx will evoke high‐valence Ni2+δ species in the reconstructed β‐Ni(OH)2 electrode, which are the real active species for HMFOR. The generated NiSx/Ni(OH)O modulates the proton‐coupled electron‐transfer (PCET) process of HMFOR, where the electrocatalytically generated Ni(OH)O can effectively trap the protons from the CHO end in HMF to realize electron transfer. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) competes with the HMFOR when NiSx/Ni(OH)O continues to accumulate, to generate the NiSx/NiOx(OH)y intermediate. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and experimental results verify that the adsorption energy of HMF can be optimized through the increased NiSx composition for more efficient capture of protons and electrons in the HMFOR.
Carboxylic‐Free Synthesis of InP Quantum Dots for Highly Efficient and Bright Electroluminescent Device
Authors: Long Rui , Chen Xueping , Zhang Xuhui , Chen Fei , Wu Zhenghui , Shen Huaibin , Du Zuliang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the synthesis of InP‐based quantum dots (QDs), the environmentally friendly carboxylic‐free phosphor precursor tris(dimethylamino)phosphine ((DMA)3P) has been frequently used to replace tris (trimethylsilyl)phosphine (TMS)3P, in order to prevent the InP cores from oxidation and avoid the dangerous etching with hydrofluoric acid. However, the InP‐based QDs synthesized with (DMA)3P still perform poorly in quantum dot light‐emitting diodes (QLEDs) due to oxidation by other carboxylic sources. In this work, based on the synthesis with (DMA)3P, ZnCl2 precursor instead of zinc carboxylate is used for shell growing, and oleylamine is used as solvent instead of oleic acid, so that there is no oxidizing agent such as carboxylic groups during the whole synthesis process. As a result, highly efficient InP/ZnSe/ZnSeS/ZnS QDs with gradient varying shells are obtained, whose full width at half‐maximum (≈41 nm) and photoluminescence quantum yield (≈96%) are narrowest and highest among the reported ones, respectively. The QLEDs based on InP QDs synthesized with (DMA)3P achieve breakthrough efficiency of 12.39%. Especially, high efficiency and high brightness are achieved at the same time. This work opens a new avenue in the synthesis of high‐quality and environmental friendly InP‐based QDs.
Neuropsychological and mental health concerns in a multicenter clinical sample of youth with turner syndrome
Authors: Kremen Jessica , Davis Shanlee M. , Nahata Leena , Kapa Hillary M. , Dattilo Taylor M. , Liu Enju , Hutaff‐Lee Christa , Tishelman Amy C. , Crerand Canice E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractClinical practice guidelines for individuals with Turner syndrome (TS) recommend screening for neuropsychological concerns (NC) and mental health concerns (MHC). However, current provider screening and referral patterns for NC and MHC are not well characterized. Additionally, prevalence of and risk factors for NC and MHC vary across studies. This multicenter chart review study examined the prevalence, risk factors for, and management of NC and MHC in a cohort of 631 patients with TS from three pediatric academic medical centers. NC and/or MHC were documented for 48.2% of patients. Neuropsychological evaluation recommendations were documented for 33.9% of patients; 65.4% of the sample subsequently completed these evaluations. Mental health care recommendations were documented in 35.0% of records; subsequent documentation indicated that 69.7% of these patients received such services. Most notably, rates of documented MHC, NC, and related referrals differed significantly by site, suggesting the need for standardized screening and referral practices. TS diagnosis in early childhood was associated with an increased risk of NC. Spontaneous menarche was associated with increased risk of MHC. Younger age at growth hormone initiation was associated with both increased risk of isolated NC and co‐occurring NC and MHC. Mosaic karyotype was associated with decreased risk of NC and MHC.
Next generation phenotyping with quantitative narration for DEGCAGS syndrome
Authors: Freeman Rebecca , Noronha Adriana , Woods Jeremy 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe diagnosis of rare Mendelian disorders usually relies upon the interpretation of prose and is complicated by a lack of objective, reproducible phenotypic data. To address this limitation, we developed a next generation phenotyping workflow to phenotypically characterize developmental delay with gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, genitourinary, and skeletal abnormalities (DEGCAGS). We identified 15 people affected with DEGCAGS, including one novel patient identified at our hospital and 14 patients previously reported in the literature. Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) terms were extracted from the patient chart and literature review. The HPO terms were sorted by count according to HPO hierarchy of terms. Phenotypes that cosegregate were identified utilizing a co‐occurrence matrix. A quantitative narrative illustrated by violin plots was created for our patient from phenotypic data per each day of hospital admission. A total of 252 unique HPO terms were extracted from the patient record and literature review. The highest count of systemically sorted and unsorted terms and the most commonly co‐occurring terms were described. A violin plot of phenotype occurrences demonstrated a progression of phenotypes over time. NGP offers a quantitative approach to phenotyping to generate phenotypic data in an objective and reproducible manner akin to NGS.
Small Dense Low‐Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Balling Mie , Nordestgaard Børge G. , Varbo Anette , Langsted Anne , Kamstrup Pia R. , Afzal Shoaib 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveFor decades, it has been suggested that small dense low‐density lipoprotein (sdLDL) may be particularly atherogenic. High levels of sdLDL are associated with an increased risk of ischemic heart disease; however, the association of sdLDL with ischemic stroke has not been explored in a large prospective study on the general population. We tested the hypothesis that high sdLDL cholesterol levels are associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke.MethodsThis prospective study included 38,319 individuals from the Copenhagen General Population Study with fresh sample measurements of sdLDL cholesterol. Median follow‐up time was 3.1 years. We observed 302 and 74 ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes from baseline in 2013 to 2017 to the end of follow‐up in 2018. For comparison, we included estimates for large buoyant LDL cholesterol and total LDL cholesterol.ResultsHigher levels of sdLDL cholesterol were log‐linearly associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke. Compared with individuals with sdLDL cholesterol in the lowest tertile (≤0.60 mmol/l; ≤23 mg/dl) the multivariable adjusted hazard ratio for ischemic stroke was 1.79 (95% confidence interval = 1.31–2.43) for the highest tertile (≥0.86 mmol/l; ≥33 mg/dl). Multivariable adjusted hazard ratios for ischemic stroke per 1 mmol/l (38.7 mg/dl) higher levels were 1.69 (1.28–2.22) for sdLDL cholesterol, 0.95 (0.78–1.16) for large buoyant LDL cholesterol, and 1.08 (0.93–1.25) for total LDL cholesterol. Hazard ratios were similar when further adjusting for body mass index (BMI) and diabetes mellitus in the biological pathway in combination with related lipids and lipoproteins.InterpretationHigher sdLDL cholesterol levels were robustly associated with increased risk of ischemic stroke. ANN NEUROL 2023;93:952–964
Nickel‐doped Co3O4 electrocatalyst derived from bimetal zeolitic imidazolate frameworks for the oxygen evolution reaction of electrolysis
Authors: Li Xiaoxi , Li Jiajia , Kurbanjan Dilnur , Yu Tianhao , Du Hong 
Published: January 2023

Oxygen evolution reaction (OER), as a multi‐step coupled anode reaction, is more sluggish in kinetics than electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). In order to overcome the potential barrier in OER, it is necessary to develop high‐efficient non‐noble metal catalysts for energy utilization. In this work, several NiCo‐ZIF materials with different molar ratios of Ni and Co were prepared by doping Ni2+ in the preparation of ZIF‐67 via a simple room temperature stirring method. After that, NiCo‐ZIF was calcined at 350°C in a muffle furnace to obtain corresponding Ni‐doped Co3O4 (Ni‐Co3O4). Ni‐Co3O4 catalyst exhibits a low overpotential (η ≈ 203 mV @10 mA cm−2), a small Tafel slope (111.0 mV dec−1) and prominent stability for OER in 1 M KOH solution, which is higher than for a commercially available Ir/C electrocatalyst (η ≈ 350 mV @10 mA cm−2). The higher electrochemical performance should be largely ascribed to the introduction of oxygen vacancies resulting from the Ni doping, which leads to the improved electrochemical active surface area (122.81 mF cm−2) and the topological structure of the dodecahedron, which is in favor of the good contact area between the catalyst and the electrolyte. The design and synthesis of ZIF‐derived catalyst in this work create a significative method to prepare efficient OER electrocatalysts.
Roles of mineral matter in biomass processing to biofuels
Authors: Fitria  , Liu Jian , Yang Bin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMinerals in biomass have a significant impact on both biofuel quality and yield. This is especially true for current thermochemical biomass conversion processes. However, the roles of plant minerals in biochemical conversion have not been studied extensively, even though they are generally considered to lower the sugar yield because they reduce the feedstock proportion of carbohydrates. A successful strategic solution is thus necessary to overcome the challenges caused by the minerals in biomass, which include (1) decreased quality of biomass feedstocks; (2) reduction of process efficiency; and (3) reduction of the product quality and quantity from biomass conversion. This review summarizes the roles of plant minerals in a biorefinery, focusing on these key challenges. The discussion covers many issues related to plant minerals in biofuel production, including their sources, functions, and distribution in plant biomass, methods of characterizing them, their influence in a biorefinery, and the strategic handling required to manage their occurrence in biomass, based on reported studies. It could inspire better strategies to deal with the variance of mineral content in biomass feedstocks to increase process efficiency and reduce costs while supporting the concept of a circular bioeconomy. © 2023 The Authors. Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining published by Society of Industrial Chemistry and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Effects of foreign mand training on the emergence of foreign tact and listener responses for Chinese‐speaking children with autism spectrum disorder
Authors: Hu Xiaoyi , Lee Gabrielle T. , Pan Qichao , Gilic Lina , Zeng Songtian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn China, there is an increasing demand for preschool children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) enrolled in general education to learn English vocabulary. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of foreign mand training in English on the acquisition of mand responses, and the emergence of tact and listener responses for three Chinese‐speaking preschool children (boys; 4–5 years of age) with ASD. Echoic‐to‐mand training was implemented to teach mands in English. The study employed a concurrent multiple‐probe design across behaviors. The results of the study indicated that the training was effective in the acquisition of mand responses. Moreover, untaught tacts and listener responses for the same vocabulary emerged without explicit training. Implications for small‐group mand training in foreign language acquisition were discussed.
A light in the dark: How children make sense of COVID‐19
Authors: Libenstein Jamie , Larivière‐Bastien Danaë , Dupont Dominique , Aubuchon Olivier , Herba Catherine M. , Beauchamp Miriam H. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the negative impact of the pandemic on children and adolescents is essential in order to provide proper support and intervention. Nonetheless, surmounting adversity, such as COVID‐19, may also provide positive lessons for youth to overcome the negative consequences of the pandemic and prepare society for future crises. The objective of the current qualitative study was to document the perceived positive aspects identified by children and adolescents during COVID‐19 and how they made sense of their experience. Participants (N = 67, 5–14 years old) were recruited in May and June 2020. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted via a videoconferencing platform. Based on the transcribed and coded interviews, a thematic qualitative analysis was derived utilizing NVivo. Participants' answers were grouped into four main themes and sub‐themes: (1) school changes, (2) bonding time, (3) free time, and (4) technology usage. Analysing youth perspectives on their experience of the COVID‐19 pandemic provides insight into some of the positive changes and lessons that can be gained amidst the overwhelming negative consequences of the pandemic.
Pacemaker implantation for persistent sinus node dysfunction in a patient with COVID‐19
Authors: Ota Tsuyoshi , Okajima Katsunori , Nagamatsu Yuichi , Nakanishi Tomoyuki , Kaetsu Yasuhiro , Sawada Takahiro , Shirai Takeaki , Shiraki Rio , Kadotani Makoto , Onishi Yoshio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA 46‐year‐old woman was admitted with coronavirus disease‐2019 infection. Symptomatic sinus bradycardia occurred, followed by congestive heart failure. Therapeutics such as isoproterenol, theophylline, and cilostazol could not safely improve her symptoms. She underwent pacemaker implantation 53 days after admission. Atrial pacing remained was at 60% after 6 months.
Effects of Key Parameters on Nanofluid Thermal Performance in Heat Exchangers
Authors: Porgar Sajjad , Vafajoo Leila , Ali Hafiz Muhammad 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNanofluids are utilized in cooling equipment such as heat exchangers and renewable energies such as solar cells as heat transfer fluid. The techniques for nanofluid stability enhancement and stability evaluations, such as zeta potential, electron microscopy, and photographic techniques for sedimentation, are reviewed as well as some recent achievements in nanofluid stabilization and research on the parameters affecting the thermal properties of nanofluids. Finally, the applications of nanofluids in cooling devices are described. Increased heat transfer, reduced heat transfer time and size of heat exchangers, and finally higher energy and heat efficiency could be the most significant achievements. The parameters affecting the thermal conductivity of nanofluids include concentration, temperature, particle fluid, type of base fluid, and nanoparticles.
Direct detection of a single [4Fe‐4S] cluster in a tungsten‐containing enzyme: Electrochemical conversion of CO2 into formate by formate dehydrogenase
Authors: Li Wenjin , Gao Yanxin , Sun Xuan , Wan Lei , Ji Haishuo , Luo Hang , Tian Yao , Song Hao , Wu Geng , Zhang Liyun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe conversion of CO2 into fuels and valuable chemicals is one of the central topics to combat climate change and meet the growing demand for renewable energy. Herein, we show that the formate dehydrogenase from Clostridium ljungdahlii (ClFDH) adsorbed on electrodes displays clear characteristic voltammetric signals that can be assigned to the reduction and oxidation potential of the [4Fe‐4S]2+/+ cluster under nonturnover conditions. Upon adding substrates, the signals transform into a specific redox center that engages in catalytic electron transport. ClFDH catalyzes rapid and efficient reversible interconversion between CO2 and formate in the presence of substrates. The turnover frequency of electrochemical CO2 reduction is determined as 1210 s−1 at 25 °C and pH 7.0, which can be further enhanced up to 1786 s−1 at 50°C. The Faradaic efficiency at −0.6 V (vs. standard hydrogen electrode) is recorded as 99.3% in a 2‐h reaction. Inhibition experiments and theoretical modeling disclose interesting pathways for CO2 entry, formate exit, and OCN− competition, suggesting an oxidation‐state‐dependent binding mechanism of catalysis. Our results provide a different perspective for understanding the catalytic mechanism of FDH and original insights into the design of synthetic catalysts.
Ability of Azathiacyclen Ligands To Stop Cu(Aβ)‐Induced Production of Reactive Oxygen Species: [3N1S] Is the Right Donor Set
Authors: Malikidogo Kyangwi P. , Drommi Marielle , Atrián‐Blasco Elena , Hormann Jan , Kulak Nora , Esmieu Charlène , Hureau Christelle 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlzheimer's disease (AD) is an incurable neurodegenerative disease that leads to the progressive and irreversible loss of mental functions. The amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide involved in the disease is responsible for the production of damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) when bound to Cu ions. A therapeutic approach that consists of removing Cu ions from Aβ to alter this deleterious interaction is currently being developed. In this context, we report the ability of five different 12‐membered thiaazacyclen ligands to capture Cu from Aβ and to redox silence it. We propose that the presence of a sole sulfur atom in the ligand increases the rate of Cu capture and removal from Aβ, while the kinetic aspect of the chelation was an issue encountered with the 4N parent ligand. The best ligand for removing Cu from Aβ and inhibiting the associated ROS production is the 1‐thia‐4,7,10‐triazacyclododecane [3N1S]. Indeed the replacement of more N by S atoms makes the corresponding Cu complexes easier to reduce and thus able to produce ROS on their own. In addition, the ligand with three sulfur atoms has a weaker affinity for CuII than Aβ, and is thus unable to remove Cu from CuAβ.