bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COMMUNITY PERCEPTION OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT ON SOCIO-ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN ASAGIRT DISTRICT, NORTH CENTRAL ETHIOPIA: IMPLICATION FOR LOCAL LEVEL ADAPTATION STRATEGY
Authors: MEKONNEN WOLDEGIYORGIS , TAMIRAT TESHOME , ADDISU MITIKU 
Published: July 2023

Climate change is common phenomena in Ethiopia which affects the livelihood of millions of the rural community. An increase in temperature, fluctuation of rainfall intensity and frequency induces extreme environmental impacts through drought and floods. This study was conducted on three villages/ kebeles in Asagirt District of North Shewa Zone, Amhara Regional State. The objective of this study was to analyze community perception on existence of climate change and its impact on socio-economic activities for designing local level adaptation and mitigation strategy. Both primary and secondary data were analyzed to generate information. Simple systematic random sampling techniques were employed to select 121 household heads and purposive sampling was employed for data collection from 28 Key informants and 21 focus group discussant. Findings of our study indicated that men households which are adolescence in age are the main components of the community categorized as illiterate have good perception and awareness on the existence of climate change. The analyses of 28 years climate pattern showed that the average temperature has increased by 0.99ºC for with corresponding annual increment of 0.033ºC. Similarly, there was higher yearly trend of fluctuation in rainfall pattern between 1989 -2018 in which the average annual rainfall is 891 mm. Findings of the study indicated that mixed farming as the dominant type agricultural practice was highly affected by climate change reducing crop productivity and animal production. Findings of our study have also indicated that even though the impact of climate change is imminent which affected water availability in all districts, the forest cover has increased in all villages because of afforestation interventions. Hence, results of present study draws conclusion of for designing local adaptation and mitigation strategies including small-scale irrigation, tree planation, climate smart agriculture area ex-closure, integrated soil management using organic fertilizer for increasing above and below ground carbon sequestration to manage the local micro climate and build the livelihood and strengthen community resilience.
PHYSICAL ASSESSMENT OF THE CANADIAN STEWARDSHIP PROGRAMS ON EMPTY PLASTIC BEVERAGE CONTAINERS IN SASKATCHEWAN AND ALBERTA PROVINCES
Authors: ALLEN-TAYLOR K. O. 
Published: July 2023

Stewardship programs are gradually being phased out in favor of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) schemes, which are used in various forms in different Canadian provinces. An example is the British Columbia province's EPR program on empty plastic beverage containers. Provinces like Saskatchewan and Alberta, on the other hand, continue to rely on stewardship programs and are in the process of incorporating the EPR policy as a program into their waste management regulations. Therefore, this study will discuss how stewardship program policies have helped to solve a portion of the plastic waste problem; however, negotiations to fully integrate the EPR program into Saskatchewan and Alberta waste management policies are still ongoing. The significance of this study has demonstrated how stewardship programs in Saskatchewan and Alberta have promoted the reuse and recycling economy of plastic management to a limited extent in these respective provinces. A case study method was used to analyze and investigate the stewardship program, with a focus on plastic bottle management. Field observations were conducted at selected recycling companies (Sarcan recycling and Alberta beverage container recycling corporation) in Saskatchewan and Alberta to correlate the data gathered during the investigation, as presented in this research outcome. Implementing the EPR program, according to the study's findings, may be the most effective way for Canada to achieve a circular economy of plastic waste management.
FACTORS INFLUENCING ACCESS TO ANTENATAL CARE BY PREGNANT WOMEN IN DEDZA DISTRICT: LESSONS FROM MAGANGA VILLAGE IN TRADITIONAL AUTHORITY TAMBALA’S AREA, MALAWI
Authors: CHIKAIKO SR. CHRISTINA , CHIMPHERO LAMECH , NAMONDWE ZIOLIRE , NYIRENDA LLOYD 
Published: July 2023

Malawi has registered a big number of maternal deaths and newborn or birth complications over the years. This is prevalent in many rural areas and villages across the country. The reason behind these maternal deaths and newborn complications is delayed access to early Antenatal Care visits (ANC). ANC is distinct and special care given to pregnant women to ensure improved health outcomes i.e., to avoid maternal deaths and newborn complications. Chiphwanya Health Centre which is found in Dedza district, the central region of Malawi, is well vested in this task. This research study was, therefore, conducted to assess factors leading to delayed access to ANC care in Maganga Village which surrounds the aforementioned health centre. The study adopted a mixed-method where both qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analysed. Quantitative data were collected from pregnant women while qualitative data was collected from guardians and health personnel. The results indicate that 43% of women and 50% of stakeholders considered traditional beliefs as the key contributor to delayed access to ANC. Over 20% of pregnant women and 6.7% of key stakeholders attributed distance as a reason for delayed access to ANC services. It can be concluded that delayed access to ANC portrayed in this area is due to traditional beliefs and distance. Hence, the need for awareness campaigns so that the community is well informed of the importance of ANC and the local leaders should have a touch on issues regarding ANC.
THE PREVALENCE OF POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER AMONG SCHOOL-AGED ADOLESCENTS IN JAIL
Authors: ASTITENE KHALID , BENABBOU AYOUB , BARKAT AMINA 
Published: July 2023

Aim: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is related to trauma and stress; this disorder can affect anyone after having experienced a stressful traumatic event. The survey was conducted to assess the prevalence of PTSD in an incarcerated school-aged adolescent of the centre of reform and discipline of the prefecture of Salé in Morocco. In addition, to study the level of anxiety and depression which present the most associated disorders of PTSD.
Methods: Fifty-two male students were selected who continued their study in the prison school. The age of these students were between 13 and 17 years. The validated questionnaires (CPTS-RI, STAIY and CDI) were used and completed by the students for this survey which carried out during the period from March to June 2017.
Results: Given the specificity of students characterized by detention and poverty and low level of parental education, we found 55.77% of prevalence of PTSD. While for PTSD co-morbidities among adolescents, 84.62% were found to have anxiety and 82.70% to have depression. The most traumatic event that caused post-traumatic stress disorder was detention with 44.20% and 90.40% of students who have poor grades. If the level of PTSD increased, the academic results decreased (p <0.001). If the level of PTSD increased, the level of anxiety and depression increased (p < 0.001 and p = 0.024).
Conclusion: With the important prevalence of PTSD in an incarcerated school-aged adolescent, the negative impact of this disorder can be significant on the well-being of these adolescents. There are practical implications for supporting and healing these adolescents with this disorder.
THE GOOD, BETTER AND BEST ABOUT SELECTIVE ESTROGEN RECEPTOR MODULATORS AS NOVEL GUARDIANS AGAINST OSTEOPOROSIS
Authors: SOUMYAKRISHNAN SYAMALA , SREEPRIYA M. 
Published: July 2023

The functions of estrogen are highly significant in human physiology. The regulatory effect of estrogen is mediated through three distinct estrogen receptors (ER), namely estrogen receptor alpha (ER α), estrogen receptor beta (ER β) and G protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPCER). Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are synthetic/ natural molecules that aid in transcriptional roles such as estrogen agonistic / antagonist activity in target tissues by binding to ER. These compounds lack the steroidal back bone of estrogen but structurally resemble estrogen and hence can compete with estrogen and bind to estrogen responsive elements. This in turn triggers downstream signaling pathways that decide the fate of the cell to transit between proliferation and death. This review article describes the various synthetic and natural SERMS, their chemical classification, mechanism of action, side effects, bioavailability and clinical implications in several pathogenic conditions majorly in osteoporosis. This is based on a systematic review and consideration of the recent literature on various approaches (Pharmacogenomics, nutrigenomics, Pharmaconutritional approaches) on osteoporosis and strategies involved in the management of its clinical symptoms. Osteoporosis is a growing health burden all over the world, affecting the quality of life especially in elderly women population. Apart from the role of SERMs in osteoporosis, this review summarizes the promising roles of SERMs in other pathologic conditions like breast cancer, cardiovascular diseases, neuroprotection and reproductive biology. Hence the exploitation of SERMs as therapeutic and prophylactic agents with increased tolerability, safety and efficacy is an area of booming research in the recent decades.
MINERAL PROFILING OF RESISTANCE AND SUSCEPTIBILITY IN CHILLI PEPPER (Capsicum annum L.) AGAINST FUSARIUM WILT DISEASE
Authors: SAEED SABA , SAHI SHAHBAZ TALIB , ATIQ MUHAMMAD , SHAHID MUHAMMAD , ARSHAD MUHAMMAD 
Published: July 2023

Fusarium wilt is one of potential threat to the successful production of chill. Present study was conducted to observe alterations in the biochemical profiling of chilli leaves after attack of fusarium wilt. For this purpose seedlings of three resistant (Fengaio, Glaxy-2 and BPVLC14-1) and three susceptible varieties (Amber F1, Tejal and BSS-410) were grown in pots under Randomized Complete block Design. Both types of varieties were divided into two groups (inoculated and un-inoculated). Samples were collected from resistant and susceptible type of varieties from both groups (inoculated and un-inoculated) and were subjected to analysis to observe alterations in the mineral profiling by using Nested structured analysis.in response to Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capsici. Resistant group showed 45.05% Phosphorus, 2.57 ppm, Potassium, 0.49 ppm Magnesium, 1.48 ppm Calcium (Ca), 0.29 ppm Zinc (Zn), 0.70 ppm Sodium (Na), 2.90 ppm Iron (Fe) and 0.048 ppm Copper while susceptible group showed 38.89, 2.30, 0.43, 1.35, 0.27, 0.56, 2.33 and 0.04 ppm of P, K, Mg, Ca, Zn, Na, Fe and Cu. This experiment showed that resistant varieties expresswd higher mineral contents as compared to susceptible group. Similarly the mineral profile (P, Ca, K, Mg, Zn, Na, Cu and Fe) was greater in un-inoculated lines/varieties (58.58, 2.86, 0.56, 1.63, 0.31, 0.86, 3.71 and 0.056) as compared to inoculated varieties (25.35, 2.01, 0.35, 1.20, 0.25, 0.41, 1.51 and 0.039). These finding are helpful for researchers and scientists not only to develop a strong management strategy toward Fusarium wilt but also supportive to develop biochemical markers to identify source of resistance against Fusarium wilt of chilli.
AGRONOMIC FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH STEM ROT OF BERSEEM (Trifolium alexanderinum L.) IN SARGODHA, PAKISTAN
Authors: ASHRAF EJAZ , AHMAD SALMAN , NADEEM MUHAMMAD ZEESHAN , REHMAN MALIK ABDUL , ATIQ MUHAMMAD , ALI YASIR , SAID FAZAL , HAQ MUHAMMAD EHETISHAM UL , NASEER SAIMA , KAYNAT FAZEELA 
Published: July 2023

Stem rot of berseem (SRB) caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (SS) is the most devastating and cosmopolitan plant disease, and infecting more than 400 species of plants worldwide. The disease is reported to cause more than $200 million losses. In Pakistan, the disease is infecting all cultivars of Berseem and causing heavy losses. The Sargodha district is the main Berseem cultivation area of Punjab, Pakistan. Agronomic practices are playing key role in its spread and dissemination to new fields. The hypothesis of current study was that this disease may be curtailed by altering agronomic practices. Hence, the following study was planned on the objective to evaluate the effect of agronomic practices of district Sargodha farmers on the disease incidence (DI) of SRB. To accomplish this objective, a detailed survey was arranged in seven tehsils of Sargodha during Berseem season in 2020-2021. The surveys were repeated every fifteen days throughout the cropping season. The villages and fields were selected randomly during the surveys. Every field was divided into five sections to note down the DI of SS. Agronomic practices surveys showed significant effect on SRB incidence in different tehsils. However, the effect of agronomic practices was different in different tehsils of Sargodha. In tehsil Kotmomin and Sargodha, canal irrigations, four number of irrigations, citrus inter-cropping, October and September-October cropping seasons, respectively, significantly (P < 0.05) decreased DI of SRB. In tehsil Sargodha, canal irrigations, four number of irrigations, citrus inter-cropping, and October cropping season significantly (P < 0.05) decreased DI of SRB. In tehsil Shahpur, canal irrigations, six number of irrigations, September cropping season and citrus intercropping significantly (P < 0.05) decreased DI of SRB. In tehsil Sahiwal and Sillanwali, tube-well+ canal irrigations, four number of irrigations, mustard and citrus inter-cropping, respectively, and October cropping season significantly (P < 0.05) decreased DI. It was concluded that change in agronomic practices could help lessen the SRB incidence in district Sargodha. The current study sets the foundation of future study to further investigate the role of different agronomic factors to eco-friendly manage SRB.
IDENTIFICATION OF RESISTANCE SOURCES IN DIVERSE RICE GERMPLASM AGAINST SHEATH BLIGHT DISEASE CAUSED BY Rhizoctonia solani
Authors: ARSHAD AMNA , SAHI SHAHBAZ TALIB , SALEEM KAMRAN , ALI SAFDAR , AKBAR NADEEM 
Published: July 2023

Sheath blight of rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani, is the most serious disease severely damaging the rice production in Asia including Pakistan. Durable solution is a dire need to manage this disease for which the study was planned to identify the resistance sources in advanced local and exotic rice germplasm. Development of resistant varieties is the most reliable, economical and efficient strategy to manage this disease. The objective of the present study was to identify the genotypes harboring resistance against sheath blight disease in rice. To cope this issue, rice germplasm (85 advance rice lines/mutants/varieties) originated from IRRI and Pakistan were inoculated with Rhizoctonia solani through toothpick inoculation method under field conditions during 2020 and 2021. The results revealed that none of the genotype reflected immune response against sheath blight disease while two rice varieties, Noor Basmati and IRRI-29 with disease severity (15.21-15.77% and 18.39-19.97% respectively) were found resistant in both years. Eight varieties/lines Basmati 515, Chenab basmati, Punjab basmati, NM-7, NM-11, NM-15, NM-16 and NM-17 categories as moderately resistant with the disease severity ranging from 21 to 30% in both years. 26 varieties/lines were found moderately susceptible with the disease infection of 31.33 to 44.94% while 49 were susceptible with 45.72 to 65.26% in 2020-2021. The resistant and moderately resistant genotypes could be used in breeding program to develop sheath blight disease resistant cultivars in Punjab, Pakistan.
EVALUATION OF WHEAT GENOTYPES FOR SALINITY TOLERANCE BASED ON AGRONOMIC TRAITS
Authors: ARAB S. A. , EISSA S. T. , MOHAMED M. M. 
Published: July 2023

Salinity stress is one of the important constraints to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production globally. Breeding for salinity tolerance using novel genetic resources is an important mitigation strategy. This study aimed to identify and select the best wheat genotypes that are tolerant to salinity stress and provide them to researchers and wheat breeders for more intense evaluation and screening. Twenty two wheat genotypes, as well as two commercial cultivars, were regenerated and evaluated for salinity tolerance. Highly significant effects were detected for the measured traits for years, genotypes and treatment under normal and salinity stress conditions over all the two years. Interaction between treatments and genotype and interaction between genotypes and years were highly significant for all studied characters overall the two years and conditions, except plant height. Genotypes 13, 14 and Giza 168 showed the highest grain yield (ton/ha) under normal soil over two seasons, Also, genotypes 19, 20 and Giza 168 showed the highest grain yield (ton/ha) under salinity soil. The highest SSI value was detected for genotype 14, followed by genotypes 15 and 10 which had the highest values. Based on STI, MP and GMP indices, Giza 168, genotypes 19, 7 and 21 had the highest values. Grain yield under normal conditions (YP) was significantly and positively correlated with an STI, MP, GMP, TOL and SSPI. Grain yield under salt-stressed (YS) was significantly and positively correlated with an STI, MP, GMP, YSI, YI and HM. These results suggest that indices, STI, MP and GMP were able to identify high-yielding wheat genotypes under both normal and salt-stressed conditions. Frist PC accounted for about 7.42% of the variation in salt tolerance indices and the second PC for 3.57% by using biplots genotypes 20, 19 and Giza 168 were identified as the most stable high yielding genotypes under salinity stress.
ANTIDIABETIC AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITIES OF POLYHERBAL FORMULATION IN ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC WISTAR RAT
Authors: SAMIR DEROUICHE , OUISSAM BENMOUSSA 
Published: July 2023

Objective: To investigate the effect of polyherb (formulated by some plants) on physiological, biochemical alterations and oxidative stress induced by experimental diabetes in rats.
Materials and methods: Twenty female albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=5); Control, Polyherb, diabetic rats and Diabetic rats treated with polyherb. All types of treatments were given to rats orally for 21 days.
Results: In vitro phytochemical analysis results revealed that polyherb contains phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, tannins and steroids. In vivo results, in diabetic group showed an alteration in lipid profile and biochemical parameters. While, results showed an increase in MDA level and a decrease in GSH and SOD levels compared to control. Moreover, the hematological parameters revealed that Diabetes induce a significant diminution (P<0.01) of RBC, MCV and HCT levels. In the other hand, histopathological analysis noted an alteration in pancreas tissues of diabetic rats group compared to control. However, treatment of Diabetic rats by Polyherb ensured a partial amelioration and correction of the previous parameters.
Conclusion: Use of Polyherb appears to be the dominant limited of development and complications of diabetes which can have a benefic effect against others diseases which oxidative stress plays an important role.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FOREST COVER AND CARBON STOCK CONCERNING CLIMATE CHANGE; A CASE STUDY OF MARGALLA HILLS NATIONAL PARK, ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN
Authors: KHAN SHAHID ALI , SALEEM AMIR 
Published: July 2023

In the global carbon reserves, the forest is one of the central reserves. Humans face critical challenges with the intensification of ozone gases in the atmosphere. The study conducted in Margalla Hills National Park (MHNP), Islamabad capital territory, has analyzed environmental changes and carbon stock estimation. This area has multiple species types: Acacia Modesta, Quercus incana, Pinus roxburghii, Dodonaea viscosa, Olea ferruginea, Ziziphus mauritiana, etc. Remote sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) technology were used to illustrate Land use land cover (LULC), Contour, Slope, Aspect, and total Rainfall calculation.
LULC data of different years from 1997 to 2019 for every five years were analyzed. The analysis results showed that in Margalla Hills National Park, during the year 1997, total settlements were on about 145 hectares. Dense forest had an area of about 7262 ha, rocks were on about 5920 ha, barren land was about 2680 ha, and water bodies on about 38 ha By 2005, the Settlement area increased by about 877 ha in 8 years. While the increase noted in the dense forest was about 1000 ha. Findings reveal that water bodies in MHNP decreased by about 37 hectares. Furthermore, by 2010, the Settlement area was increased, and the areas of barren land and water bodies decreased. It is evaluated that during the year 1997 northeastern part of the study area had a higher amount of vegetation than the NDVI results. Whereas, within eight years, the same portion contains less vegetation. Rainfall results were analyzed for 2019, which shows that rainfall in MHNP increased. Sixty-seven species are enlisted in MHNP, and a detailed inventory was prepared for the first time. The study results can be helpful in the analysis of future impacts of these developments on the land cover and C stocks in the forest ecosystem.
Alcance de la Conciencia Ambiental en Estudiantes de Educación Básica Elemental
Authors: Alonzo Rafael M , Niño Yanexi L 
Published: July 2023

La contaminación ambiental a través del pasar del tiempo se ha convertido en un fenómeno que continúa afectando el bienestar y calidad de vida de los seres humanos, porque es muy común observar en la actualidad en los contextos sociales con mayor concentración humana, un notorio auge de los diferentes tipos de contaminación promovidos por los grandes sectores industriales y la falta de conciencia ambiental en los diferentes lugares. Ante lo planteado, desde el campo de estudio de la educación es importante mostrar que la presente investigación se desarrolló con el objetivo de analizar el alcance de la conciencia ambiental en estudiantes de educación básica elemental. Siendo un estudio de enfoque cuantitativo, de diseño no experimental y tipo de investigación de campo, fue desarrollado con la participación de 112 estudiantes de segundo, tercero y cuarto grado de educación básica elemental, a quienes se les aplicó la técnica de la encuesta. Entre los principales resultados se encontró que el 79,5% indicó que en la escuela les han enseñado a ser respetuoso con el ambiente, el 42,9% de los escolares reconoció que sí han desarrollado huertos escolares. Sin embargo, un grupo representativo del 64,3% manifestó dejar la basura donde sea o en cualquier lugar. En conclusión, la educación y aplicación de procesos de enseñanza y aprendizaje significativos son muy necesarios para promover una necesaria conciencia ambiental en una población infantil que en el presente y el futuro se seguirá enfrentando a una contaminación ambiental por la falta de un verdadero desarrollo sostenible.