bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Polyphenol supplementation and executive functioning in overweight and obese adults at risk of cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Farag Sara , Tsang Catherine , Murphy Philip N. 
Published: May 2023

Background and objectivesIncreasing evidence indicates a link between obesity and cognitive impairment. Furthermore, there is limited literature regarding the effect of polyphenols, a plant derived compounds, on executive functioning in an overweight/obese population at-risk of cognitive impairment. The aim of the present systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials is to examine the effect of polyphenol supplementation on executive functions in overweight and/or obese populations at risk of cognitive impairment.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was conducted from inception to March 2023 using four electronic databases: PubMed/Medline, PsycInfo, Scopus and Cochrane trials library. Published primary research studies in English that compared the effect of polyphenols with placebo on executive function in overweight/obese adults were considered eligible for the meta-analysis. Jadad scale was used for the methodological quality rating of the included studies. Hedgesgwith 95% confidence intervals (CI) for endpoints were calculated using random effect model where applicable. Rosenthal’s Fail-safe N, funnel plots, the Begg and Mazumdar’s rank correlation test (Kendall’s S statistic P-Q), Egger’s linear regression test, and Duval and Tweedie’s trim-and-fill test were identified for potential use as appropriate, to examine publication bias. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to examine the robustness of the results.Results and conclusionA total of 23 RCT studies involvingN= 1,976 participants were included in the review. The results of the meta-analysis revealed a non-significant effect for polyphenol supplementation on executive function (g= 0.076, CI = -0.018 to 0.170). Observations from primary studies within the meta-analysis showed a potential positive effect of polyphenol supplementation in a younger population at-risk of cognitive impairment and it is recommended to investigate this further in future studies. Moreover, the variability of the tasks used to examine executive functions as well as the adequate reporting of supplement’s phenolic composition is a limitation that future work should also consider.
Trends and correlates of low HIV knowledge among ever-married women of reproductive age: Evidence from cross-sectional Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 1996–2014
Authors: Tariqujjaman Md. , Hasan Md. Mehedi , Kafi Mohammad Abdullah Heel , Hossain Md. Alamgir , Khan Saad A. , Sultana Nadia , Azad Rashidul , Hossain Md. Arif , Rahman Mahfuzur , Hossain Mohammad Bellal 
Published: May 2023

Background
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) burden has frequently been changing over time due to epidemiological and demographic transitions. To safeguard people, particularly women of reproductive age, who can be exposed to transmitting this burden to the next generation, knowledge regarding this life-threatening virus needs to be increased. This research intends to identify the trends and associated correlates of “low” HIV knowledge among ever-married women of reproductive age in Bangladesh from 1996 to 2014.

Methods
We analyzed data derived from six surveys of Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 1996, 1999, 2004, 2007, 2011, and 2014. Analyses were primarily restricted to ever-married women aged 15–49 years who had ever heard of HIV. The correlates of “low” HIV knowledge were investigated using multiple binary logistic regression models.

Results
The study found that the proportion of women with “low” HIV knowledge decreased from 72% in 1996 to 58% in 2014. In adjusted models, age at first marriage, level of education, wealth quintile, and place of residence (except in the survey year 2011) were found to be potential correlates of “low” HIV knowledge in all survey years. In the pooled analysis, we found lower odds of “low” HIV knowledge in the survey years 1999 (Adjusted Odds Ratio: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.78), 2004 (AOR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.52, 0.70), 2007 (AOR: 0.51; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.60), 2011 (AOR: 0.36; 95% CI: 0.32, 0.42) and 2014 (AOR: 0.47; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.54) compared to the survey year 1996.

Conclusion
The proportion of “low” HIV knowledge has declined over time, although the proportion of women with “low” HIV knowledge still remains high. The prevention of early marriage, the inclusion of HIV-related topics in the curricula, reduction of disparities between urban-rural and the poorest-richest groups may help to improve the level of HIV knowledge among ever-married Bangladeshi women.
Relationship of OCT-defined plaque characteristics with CCTA-derived coronary inflammation and CMR-derived global coronary flow reserve in patients with acute coronary syndrome
Authors: Sugiyama Tomoyo , Kanaji Yoshihisa , Hoshino Masahiro , Hada Masahiro , Misawa Toru , Nagamine Tatsuhiro , Teng Yun , Nogami Kai , Ueno Hiroki , Matsuda Kazuki , Sayama Kodai , Usui Eisuke , Murai Tadashi , Lee Tetsumin , Yonetsu Taishi , Sasano Tetsuo , Kakuta Tsunekazu 
Published: May 2023

Background
The relationship of layered plaque detected by optical coherence tomography (OCT) with coronary inflammation and coronary flow reserve (CFR) remains elusive. We aimed to investigate the association of OCT-defined layered plaque with pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) inflammation assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) and global (G)-CFR assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

Methods
We retrospectively investigated 88 patients with first ACS who underwent preprocedural CCTA, OCT imaging of the culprit lesion prior to primary/urgent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), and postprocedural CMR. All patients were divided into two groups according to the presence and absence of OCT-defined layered plaque at the culprit lesion. Coronary inflammation was assessed by the mean value of PCAT attenuation (−190 to −30 HU) of the three major coronary vessels. G-CFR was obtained by quantifying absolute coronary sinus flow at rest and during maximum hyperemia. CCTA and CMR findings were compared between the groups.

Results
In a total of 88 patients, layered plaque was detected in 51 patients (58.0%). The patients with layered plaque had higher three-vessel-PCAT attenuation value (-68.58 ± 6.41 vs. -71.60 ± 5.21 HU, P = 0.021) and culprit vessel-PCAT attenuation value (-67.69 ± 7.76 vs. -72.07 ± 6.57 HU, P = 0.007) than those with non-layered plaque. The patients with layered plaque had lower G-CFR value (median, 2.26 [interquartile range, 1.78, 2.89] vs. 3.06 [2.41, 3.90], P = 0.003) than those with non-layered plaque.

Conclusions
The presence of OCT-defined layered plaque at the culprit lesion was associated with high PCAT attenuation and low G-CFR after primary/urgent PCI in patients with ACS. OCT assessment of culprit plaque morphology and detection of layered plaque may help identify increased pericoronary inflammation and impaired CFR, potentially providing the risk stratification in patients with ACS and residual microvascular dysfunction after PCI.
Socio-ecological predictors of dietary inflammatory scores and associations with childhood and adolescent adiposity: A protocol for a rapid scoping review of observational studies
Authors: Vingrys Kristina , McCarthy Helen , Segurado Ricardo , Hébert James R. , Phillips Catherine M. 
Published: May 2023

Introduction
Diet-related inflammation is associated with adiposity. Obesity and inflammation in early life may have adverse health outcomes in later life; however, the socio-ecological predictors of a pro-inflammatory diet in childhood and adolescence are not well understood. This rapid scoping review aims to summarise the current state of research from observational studies investigating socio-ecological predictors (childhood, parental, familial, demographic and chronobiological risk factors) and their association with diet-associated inflammation and adiposity in children and adolescents.

Methods
This scoping review will be conducted using the frameworks based on the Joanna Briggs Institute and Arksey and O’Malley and the Population, Concept and Context (PCC) mnemonic. Searches were conducted in OVID Medline, Cinahl and Embase, with adaptations as required. The piloted study selection process will utilise two reviewers for study selection, with reference lists checked for included studies. A third reviewer will moderate disagreements. Data will be extracted by one reviewer and calibrated by a second reviewer.

Results
The results will be reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist and PRISMA-ScR flow diagram. The main findings will be synthesised into themes and concepts narratively. Tables and graphs will present frequencies, study details and categorical descriptions.

Discussion
This scoping review will provide an overview of the research conducted to date regarding predictors of diet-related inflammation in childhood and their associations with adiposity. Better understanding of the factors associated with a more inflammatory diet in childhood may be useful for clinicians and policy makers when designing and implementing health interventions.
Patterns and predictors of adherence to follow-up health guidance invitations in a general health check-up program in Japan: A cohort study with an employer-sponsored insurer database
Authors: Mori Yuichiro , Matsushita Kunihiro , Inoue Kosuke , Fukuma Shingo 
Published: May 2023

Background
Japan has conducted a nationwide annual health check-up program since 2008, focusing on metabolic syndrome and subsequent health guidance in individuals at high risk for cardiovascular disease. However, the adherence rate to health guidance invitations was assumed to be low in previous reports. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize adherence patterns in the program and identify major predictors of adherence to health guidance invitations.

Methods
We studied 186,316 adults (aged 40–74 years) who were included in a nationwide employer-sponsored insurer’s database in Japan at the beginning of the fiscal year 2017. We first described adherence to health check-ups, the proportion of individuals with high cardiovascular risk, and adherence to health guidance invitations. Predictors of adherence to the invitation were then identified among eligible high-risk individuals.

Results
In 2017, 71.7% of the study population (n = 133,573) underwent health check-ups, among whom 23.2% (n = 30,979) were invited for health guidance because of their high cardiovascular risk. Among those individuals, 35.2% (n = 10,614) received health guidance. Predictors of improved adherence to health guidance invitation were older age, more concerning blood pressure or laboratory data results, and self-reported motivation for a lifestyle change.

Conclusion
Though 70% of eligible adults attended Japan’s annual cardiovascular risk check-ups, only 35% of individuals with high cardiovascular risk adhered to health guidance invitations. Future policy reforms to improve adherence to this program should target younger individuals and those with mild stages of hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia.
Association of dietary sodium intake with impaired fasting glucose in adult cancer survivors: A population-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Kim Kyuwoong , Kim Hamee , Jun Tae Joon , Kim Young-Hak 
Published: May 2023

Background
Dietary sodium intake is a crucial lifestyle factor that should be assessed in adult cancer survivors due to their increased risk of adverse health outcomes compared to the general population. However, its with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) in adult cancer survivors remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association of dietary sodium intake categorized by the American Heart Association (AHA) recommendation with IFG in the community-dwelling adult cancer survivors.

Methods
A total of 1,052 adult cancer survivors without diabetes were identified from the sixth and seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), 2013–2018. Data on dietary sodium intake was categorized as <1,500 mg/day, 1,500–2,999 mg/day, 2,300–3,999 mg/day, and ≥4,000 mg/day according to the AHA recommendation. A multiple logistic regression model adjusted for demographic, lifestyle, and health status was used to compute odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for IFG according to dietary sodium intake categories.

Results
After adjusting for confounding variables identified in the KNHANES, the adjusted OR among the adult cancer survivors who consumed 1,500–2,999 mg/day, 2,300–3,999 mg/day, and ≥4,000 mg/day of dietary sodium were 1.16 (95% CI: 0.25–5.27), 1.93 (95% CI: 0.40–9.37), and 2.67 (95% CI: 0.59–12.18), respectively, as compared to those who consumed <1,500 mg/day (P value for trend = 0.036).

Conclusion
Among community-dwelling adult cancer survivors, high dietary sodium intake was marginally associated with increased odds of IFG. Well-designed cohort studies or randomized clinical trials are needed to establish more epidemiologic evidence on this association in adult cancer survivors.
Rehabilitation of Formalism or “A Monument to the Scientific Error 2.0”: Viktor Shklovsky’s Zhili-byli
Authors: Lipovetsky Mark 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The article analyzes different strategies that Viktor Shklovsky uses in his book of memoirs, Zhili-byli (1964), to re-articulate and re-introduce previously slandered and banned formalism. Sometimes, these strategies disguise such key formalist concepts as ostranenie (defamiliarization) by the less “provocative” terms or mock the official assessments of formalism by intentional contradictions and yawning omissions. Sometimes, they create associative connections that advance the formalist concepts and project them onto social and historical reality. Sometimes, they lead to the invention of new concepts that either distort or modify the logic of early formalism. Thus, in Zhili-byli Shklovsky reintroduces formalism while seemingly repenting for mistakes of the past and rehearsing orthodox aesthetic mantras about the superiority of realism and socialist realism over modernism and the avant-garde.
Bibliothekarische Fachsystematiken am Deutschen Archäologischen Institut: 180 Jahre Wissensordnung
Authors: Colombi Camilla 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Seit 1836 werden bibliothekarische Titel an der Abteilung Rom des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts inhaltlich erschlossen. Die hierfür entwickelten Systematiken zeugen von der Entstehung der Klassischen Archäologie als Disziplin und von der Geschichte der bibliothekarischen Klassifikation. Die systematischen Kataloge und die Fachbibliographien des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts werden vorgestellt und ihre Entstehung kontextualisiert. Die Unterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Katalogen und den Bibliographien dienen als Ausgangspunkt, um die Anpassungsstrategien der Klassifikation an die Fortschritte der Forschung und der Technologie zu untersuchen. Der Abgleich mit dem Publikationsaufkommen ermöglicht zudem Bemerkungen zu den Änderungen in der Systematik.
Finding optimal decision boundaries for human intervention in one-class machine-learning models for industrial inspection
Authors: Zander Tim , Pan Ziyan , Birnstill Pascal , Beyerer Jürgen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Anomaly detection with machine learning in industrial inspection systems for manufactured products relies on labelled data. This raises the question of how the labelling by humans should be conducted. Moreover, such a system will most likely always be imperfect and potentially need a human fall-back mechanism for ambiguous cases. We consider the case where we want to optimise the cost of the combined inspection process done by humans together with a pre-trained algorithm. This gives improved combined performance and increases the knowledge of the performance of the pre-trained model. We focus on so-called one-class classification problems which produce a continuous outlier score. After establishing some initial setup mechanisms ranging from using prior knowledge to calibrated models, we then define some cost model for machine inspection with a possible second inspection of the sample done by a human. Further, we discuss in this cost model how to select two optimal boundaries of the outlier score, where in between these two boundaries human inspection takes place. Finally, we frame this established knowledge into an applicable algorithm and conduct some experiments for the validity of the model.
Actores y comunidades de debate social
Authors: Bañón Antonio , Asencio Alberto 
Published: May 2023

El debate social es un hipergénero que permite abordar el intercambio de discursos públicos sobre temas socialmente relevantes, tal y como se ha venido desarrollando, desde hace años, con relación a la salud y la enfermedad, o a los procesos migratorios. Se destaca la necesaria interrelación de elementos superestructurales (actores, géneros y elementos contextuales), macroestructurales (dinámica temática), mesoestructurales (argumentación) y microestructurales (elementos fónicos, grafémicos, morfológicos o léxico-semánticos que regulan la intensidad del discurso) si se pretende, desde el análisis del discurso, brindar una respuesta ambiciosa a problemas sociales muy complejos. Hay categorías que, en esos modelos anteriores, reclamaban un análisis más detallado. Los tipos de actores que se comunican y sus agrupaciones constituyen buenos ejemplos. En este artículo, se ofrece una nueva sistematización de actores (y acciones) y se propone una nueva unidad de análisis: la comunidad de debate social. Al respecto, se plantea y ejemplifica los siguientes tipos de actores sociales: hipoactores, microactores, mesoactores, macroactores, superactores e hiperactores. Asimismo, se presentan los tipos de agrupaciones comunitarias de debate social: precomunidad, subcomunidad, comunidad, mancomunidad, supracomunidad e hipercomunidad. Por último, se amplía la descripción de las acciones asociadas a la intervención directa en los problemas de los que se habla y en su posible solución.
Shorter Versus Longer-term Antibiotic Treatments for Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Gao Ya , Liu Ming , Yang Kelu , Zhao Yunli , Tian Jinhui , Pernica Jeffrey M , Guyatt Gordon 
Published: May 2023

CONTEXT
The optimal duration of antibiotic treatment of children with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains unclear.

OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of shorter versus longer duration of antibiotic treatment of children with CAP.

DATA SOURCES
We searched Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and CINAHL.

STUDY SELECTION
Randomized clinical trials comparing shorter (≤5 days) with longer duration antibiotic treatments in children with CAP.

DATA EXTRACTION
Paired reviewers independently extracted data and we performed random-effects meta-analyses to summarize the evidence.

RESULTS
Sixteen trials with 12 774 patients, treated as outpatients with oral antibiotics, proved eligible. There are probably no substantial differences between shorter-duration and longer-duration antibiotics in clinical cure (odds ratio 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.87 to 1.17; risk difference [RD] 0.1%; moderate certainty), treatment failure (relative risk [RR] 1.06, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.21; RD 0.3%; moderate certainty), and relapse (RR 1.12, 95% CI 0.92 to 1.35; RD 0.5%; moderate certainty). Compared with longer-duration antibiotics, shorter-duration antibiotics do not appreciably increase mortality (RD 0.0%, 95% CI −0.2 to 0.1; high certainty), and probably have little or no impact on the need for change in antibiotics (RR 1.03, 95% CI 0.72 to 1.47; RD 0.2%; moderate certainty), need for hospitalization (RD −0.2%, 95% CI −0.9 to 0.5; moderate certainty), and severe adverse events (RD 0.0%, 95% CI −0.2 to 0.2; moderate certainty).

LIMITATIONS
For some outcomes, evidence was lacking.

CONCLUSIONS
Duration of antibiotic therapy likely makes no important difference in patient-important outcomes. Healthcare workers should prioritize the use of shorter-duration antibiotics for children with CAP treated as outpatients with oral antibiotics.
Diffusion potentials in saturated hardened cement paste upon chloride exposure
Authors: Ziehensack Elke , Keßler Sylvia , Angst Ueli , Hilbig Harald , Gehlen Christoph 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe diffusion potentials can cause significant errors in corrosion-related investigations of reinforced concrete structures (half-cell potential mapping, potentiometric sensors). Therefore, an improved understanding of the diffusion potentials in cement-based materials is needed. This study investigates the permselective behavior and its implication for the arising diffusion potentials. A diffusion cell is used to study the diffusion potentials in hardened cement pastes with imposed NaCl gradients. The cement pastes consist of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and blast furnace cement (BFC) with water-cement ratios of 0.30–0.70. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) is used to determine the concentration profiles of Cl, Na, K and Ca in the cement pastes with a high spatial resolution (100 µm). For the BFC pastes, considerable differences in the Cl− and Na+ mobilities are found, indicating their permselective behavior. Despite the permselective behavior, the measured diffusion potentials are small (− 6 to + 3 mV) for all investigated cement pastes due to the high pH levels (13–14) in the pore solutions. However, when using the diffusion cell, the pH differences interfere with the measured diffusion potentials. The interfering pH differences need to be considered for an accurate measurement of the diffusion potentials in cement pastes.
Keyword Query Routing
Authors: Kumain Sandeep Chand 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
An innovative method of accessing connected data sources on the internet is keyword search. We propose to route keywords only to relevant sources in order to reduce the substantial processing cost of keyword search queries throughout all providers. We propose a novel method for computing top-k routing plans by considering their propensity to contain responses for a specific keyword query. We use a summary of the links between the data components referencing certain keywords to concisely convey these interactions. For calculating the relevance of routing plans through scores at the level of keywords, data components, element sets, along with sub graphs connecting these elements, a multilayer scoring system is given. We mostly employ two strategies while looking for keywords. Both schema-based and schema-agnostic techniques are involved. On top of commercial databases are developed schema-based techniques. By mapping keywords to the components of databases, also known as keyword elements, a keyword is processed. The calculated keyword components are then joined using the schema-derived valid join sequences to create candidate networks that represent potential answers to the keyword query. Schema-neutral methods work directly with the data. In these methods, the structured outcomes are computed by examining the underlying graphs. Steiner trees and graphs are used to represent keywords and related items. This method seeks to identify structures in the Steiner trees. A Steiner graph, for example, is the path between uni1 and award for the query "Stanley Robert Award". For the effective exploration of keyword search results over data graphs—which may be quite large—a variety of techniques have been developed. Bidirectional search and dynamic programming are two examples.