bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
O ESVAZIAMENTO DOS DIREITOS DOS TRABALHADORES MIGRANTES COMO CONFIGURAÇÃO DA PRÁTICA DE DUMPING SOCIAL
Authors: Lopes Andrade Camila , Piffer Carla 
Published: April 2023

Os estudos acerca do Liberalismo de Adam Smith arraigaram o conceito de Estado mínimo e livre comércio. Simultaneamente ao processo de abertura de mercados, exsurge a necessidade de aperfeiçoamento do ordenamento normativo do comércio internacional, sobretudo após o término das Guerras Mundiais. Partindo desse cenário de conflitos internacionais do comércio, em 1948, criou-se a General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade como documento complementar da Carta de Havanna, que por meio das Rodadas de negociação regulamentou a prática do Dumping, ao qual foi inserida doutrinariamente a modalidade do Dumping social. O objetivo deste trabalho é a análise da utilização da mão de obra migrante, mediante o esvaziamento dos direitos do trabalhador, como forma de alcance de melhor competitividade no mercado internacional e eventual configuração da prática de Dumping social. Quanto a metodologia utilizou-se na fase investigativa o método indutivo, na fase de tratamento de dados o método cartesiano, e no relatório dos resultados foi utilizada a base lógica indutiva.
Palavras-Chave: Neoliberalismo. Direito dos trabalhadores. Dumping social. Trabalhador migrante.

Abstract
Studies on Adam Smith's liberalism rooted in the concept of a minimal state and free trade. Simultaneously with the market opening process, there is a need to improve the normative order of international trade, especially after the end of the World Wars. Based on the scenario of international trade conflicts, in 1948, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade was created as a complementary document to the Havana Charter, which, through negotiation rounds, regulated the practice of Dumping, to which it was routinely inserted as a form of social dumping. The objective of this work is to analyze the use of immigrant labor, through the deviation of worker's rights, as a way of achieving better competitiveness in the international market and eventual configuration of the practice of social dumping. As for the methodology used in the investigative phase or inductive method, in the data processing phase or Cartesian method, and not reporting two results, the inductive logic base and the inductive logic base were used in the report of the results.
Keywords: Neoliberalism. Workers' rights. Social dumping. Migrant worker.
Prostate-specific antigen test in Brazilian indigenous: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Brito Gabriel Teixeira , Marques Michele Ferreira , Silva Alex Souza da , Lucia Ricardo de , Croda Julio , Simionatto Simone 
Published: April 2023

We estimated the prevalence of screening for prostate cancer in indigenous people in Brazil. We also studied how ethnicity, age, social conditions, lifestyle, and history of sexually transmitted infections are associated with altered prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values. This is a cross-sectional study with indigenous people, ≥ 40 years old, from Dourados reserve, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The patients underwent total PSA and rapid tests for syphilis, HIV, and hepatitis B and C. PSA values were compared with sociodemographic conditions, presence of urological symptoms, clinical data on sexually transmitted infections, lifestyle, and family history of cancer. Out of the 498 men invited to participate in the study, 31.53% (157/498) were ≥ 40 years old and were included. The mean (±SD) age was 54.75 (±11.23) years, and 78.3% (123/157; 95% CI: 0.71–0.84) of the population never underwent any preventive examination for prostate cancer. The mean PSA value was 0.081 ng/mL for the 157 participants, and 4.4% (7/157) had > 2.5 ng/mL and 1.9% (3/157) had values ≥ 4 ng/mL. Rapid tests for STIs showed that 5.73% (9/157) of the participants had syphilis and 0.64% (1/157) had HIV, and Hepatitis B and C virus infection. The results showed that most indigenous people ≥ 40 years never underwent any preventive examination for prostate cancer, and 4.4% had an altered PSA exam result. Future studies should assess the factors that hinder adherence to prostate cancer screening, as well as the existence of a pathophysiological correlation between the occurrence of prostate cancer and STIs.
Incidência de assimetrias cranianas em crianças com diagnóstico ou em investigação de Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA)
Authors: Serafim Andressa , Costa Cláudia Rejane Lima de Macedo , Vieira Lizyana , Soares Carmen Lucia Rondon 
Published: April 2023

Os sintomas do Transtorno do Espectro Autista são frequentemente observados nos primeiros meses de vida sendo que as deformidades cranianas são queixas comuns em unidades pediátricas e a forma mais comum encontrada é a Plagiocefalia Posicional. O Objetivo desse estudo foi verificar a incidência de assimetrias cranianas em crianças com o diagnóstico do Transtorno do Espectro Autista ou em investigação. Trata- se de uma pesquisa exploratório-descritiva, com abordagem quantitativa, que foi realizada no Centro de Reabilitação Física da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná e na Escola Municipal Professora Maria dos Prazeres Neres da Silva, Cascavel - PR. A população do estudo foi composta por crianças entre 0 e 12 anos e foram avaliadas as seguintes variáveis: se possuía diagnóstico fechado de autismo ou se estava em processo de investigação, idade, sexo, presença ou não de assimetria craniana e qual o tipo de assimetria encontrada. Após aplicado os critérios de inclusão, foram selecionas 30 crianças com o diagnóstico ou em investigação para Transtorno do Espectro Autista, sendo que 57% eram do sexo masculino. Foram verificadas a presença de assimetrias cranianas em 63% das crianças, sendo elas a plagiocefalia, braquicefalia e escafocefalia. Com essa pesquisa pode-se observar que crianças com o diagnóstico ou em investigação para Transtorno do Espectro Autista, apresentaram alterações cranianas importantes.
Comparison of different momentum control variables on assimilating radar observations for the forecasts of a dispersive convective event
Authors: Song Wei , Lin Erliang , Qiu Xiaobin , Xue Yuting 
Published: April 2023

In this study, the effects of background error covariance (BE) using the stream function ψ and unbalanced velocity potential χu as momentum control variables (CV5 scheme) and BE using the velocity U and V as momentum control variables (CV7 scheme) on assimilating radar radial velocity and reflectivity data for short-term forecasts of dispersive convection in a weak environmental field are explored based on the weather research and forecasting model (WRF) model and its 3DVAR assimilation system. The 4 km resolution forecast samples are generated to formulate the CV5 and CV7 BE by the National Meteorological Center (NMC) method. The single-observation experiments reveal that the differences between the two BE statistics are mainly reflected on the momentum control variables. The increment of wind field from CV7 shows more small-scale local characteristics. Comparing with control experiment, real radar observation assimilation tests of CV5 and CV7 both improve the reflectivity and precipitation forecasts. But the CV7 scheme improves the forecasting of strong convective systems in weak environmental fields better than CV5. First, the CV7 scheme improves both reflectivity and dispersive precipitation forecasts and significantly suppresses the spurious precipitation forecasts when compared with the CV5 scheme. In addition, CV7 also significantly reduces the forecast errors of surface variables and the wind analysis from CV7 is more local. Further analysis shows that the CV7 improves the water vapor convergence conditions compared to the CV5 scheme, which may be the reason for its better performance in the subsequent forecasts.
Genetic variations in the DYNC2H1 gene causing SRTD3 (short-rib thoracic dysplasia 3 with or without polydactyly)
Authors: Chen Wenqi , Li Yazhou , Zhang Jing , Yuan Yufan , Sun Donglan , Yuan Jiayu , Yang Kai , Liang Ying , Guo Qing 
Published: April 2023

Background and aims: Short-rib thoracic dysplasia 3 with or without polydactyly (SRTD3) represents a type of severe fetal skeletal dysplasia (SD) characterized by shortened limbs, narrow thorax with or without polydactyly, which is caused by the homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations in the DYNC2H1 gene. SRTD3 is a recessive disorder, identification of the responsible genetic variation would be beneficial to an accurate prenatal diagnosis and well-grounded counseling for the affected families.Material and methods: Two families having experienced recurrent fetal SDs were recruited and submitted to a multiplatform genetic investigation. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed with samples collected from the probands. Sanger sequencing and fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR) were conducted as validation assays for suspected variations.Results: WES identified two compound heterozygous variations in the DYNC2H1(NM_001080463.2) gene, namely c.2386C&gt;T (p.Arg796Trp) and c.7289T&gt;C (p.Ile2430Thr) for one; and exon (64–83)del and c.8190G&gt;T (p.Leu2730Phe) for the other, respectively. One variant in them, exon (64–83)del, was novelly identified.Conclusion: The study detected two compound heterozygous variation in DYNC2H1 including one novel deletion: exon (64–83) del. Our findings clarified the cause of fetal skeletal dysplasia in the subject families, provided guidance for their future pregnancies, and highlighted the value of WES in diagnosis of skeletal dysplasia with unclear prenatal indications.
Fabrication of drug-eluting polycaprolactone and chitosan blend microfibers for topical drug delivery applications
Authors: Gizaw Mulugeta , Bani Mustafa Diala , Chou Shih-Feng 
Published: April 2023

Chronic and non-healing wounds show delayed and incomplete healing process, which expose the patients to a high risk of infection. These types of wounds require frequent change of dressing, which is a burden on the patients. In addition, ideal dressing needs to meet the requirements in minimizing microbial infiltration and growth while balancing moisture and exchanging oxygen with outside environment. To overcome the challenge in frequent change of dressing and meet the design requirements, current researches have focused on the development of electrospun fibers with incorporation of small molecule drugs for sustained release purpose. In this study, electrospinning was performed to fabricate blend fibers consisting of 15 wt% of polycaprolactone (PCL) and 4 wt% of chitosan (CS) at various blend ratios with the incorporation of a model small molecule drug, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Results showed that fibers became more hydrophilic when increasing CS concentration from 0% to 60% in PCL/CS blank fibers. Increasing CS concentration decreased fiber diameter resulting in the decrease of fiber mechanical properties. Furthermore, the addition of 10% w/w ASA also made the fibers more hydrophilic and further decreased the fiber diameter. There were no linear relationships between CS concentrations and fiber mechanical properties in the drug-loaded samples, which indicated some level of drug-polymer interactions. Fiber mechanical properties and drug release rates were two major aspects indicative of strong and/or weak drug-polymer interactions. In vitro drug release in PBS buffer solution showed a burst profile of ASA (30%) up to 2 h followed by a zero-order release rate up to 2 days.
Endemic melioidosis in central Taiwan—A longitudinal case cohort study
Authors: Ling Ting Ting , Lee Su-Yin , Tsao Shih-Ming , Liang Keng-Wei , Wang Wei-Yao 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundMelioidosis is a systemic and suppurative disease endemic in the Southeast Asia. In Taiwan, most cases are reported in the southern region and no relevant profiles have been reported in central region. In this study, we performed the epidemiologic and clinical analyses from the melioidosis cases in central Taiwan.MethodsThe demographic, clinical, laboratory, radiologic, and outcome profiles were collected retrospectively and analyzed from patients whom Burkhoderia pseudomallei was isolated from clinical specimens during the 12-year study period (2011–2022).ResultsTotally 11 melioidosis cases (10 males and 1 female) were diagnosed, among them only 2 (18.2%) cases lived in suburban areas. Seven (63.6%) cases were diagnosed during 2019–2020, and diabetes mellitus was the most relevant comorbidity (5, 45.4%). All cases presented with fever at arrival, but only 4 (36.4%) and 2 (18.2%) cases presented with dyspnea and shock, respectively. Pneumonitis and extrapulmonary involvement were found in 5 cases (45.4%) each. Appropriate empiric and targeted antibiotic treatments were found in 4 (36.4%) and 10 (91.0%) case, respectively. Two cases (18.2%) succumbed to infection despite appropriate treatment including targeted antibiotics.ConclusionMelioidosis has become endemic in central Taiwan. Septic patients who present with suppurative or undetermined foci and have unsatisfied responses to standard treatment should arouse clinicians to take melioidosis into consideration.
Evaluation of the competence of an artificial intelligence-assisted colonoscopy system in clinical practice: A post hoc analysis
Authors: Zuo Wei , Dai Yongyu , Huang Xiumei , Peng Ren-qun , Li Xinghui , Liu Hao 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundArtificial intelligence-assisted colonoscopy (AIAC) has been proposed and validated in recent years, but the effectiveness of clinic application remains unclear since it was only validated in some clinical trials rather than normal conditions. In addition, previous clinical trials were mostly concerned with colorectal polyp identification, while fewer studies are focusing on adenoma identification and polyps size measurement. In this study, we validated the effectiveness of AIAC in the clinical environment and further investigated its capacity for adenoma identification and polyps size measurement.MethodsThe information of 174 continued patients who went for coloscopy in Chongqing Rongchang District People’s hospital with detected colon polyps was retrospectively collected, and their coloscopy images were divided into three validation datasets, polyps dataset, polyps/adenomas dataset (all containing narrow band image, NBI images), and polyp size measurement dataset (images with biopsy forceps and polyps) to assess the competence of the artificial intelligence system, and compare its diagnostic ability with endoscopists with different experiences.ResultsA total of 174 patients were included, and the sensitivity of the colorectal polyp recognition model was 99.40%, the accuracy of the colorectal adenoma diagnostic model was 93.06%, which was higher than that of endoscopists, and the mean absolute error of the polyp size measurement model was 0.62 mm and the mean relative error was 10.89%, which was lower than that of endoscopists.ConclusionArtificial intelligence-assisted model demonstrated higher competence compared with endoscopists and stable diagnosis ability in clinical use.
Chitinase-3 like-protein-1, matrix metalloproteinase -9 and positive intracranial arterial remodelling
Authors: Tang Ming , Zhou Dongyang , He Junhui , Bai Hongying , Li Qianqian , Xu Hui 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionPositive intracranial arterial remodelling is a dilated lesion of the large intracranial vessels; however, its pathogenesis is currently unknown. Some studies have identified chitinase-3 like-protein-1 (YKL-40) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 as circulating inflammatory factors involved in positive vascular remodelling. Herein, we aimed to investigate the relationship between changes in serum YKL-40 and MMP-9 levels and positive intracranial arterial remodelling in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD).MethodsA total of 110 patients with CSVD were selected. Patients with brain arterial remodelling (BAR) scores &gt;1 times the standard deviation were defined as the positive intracranial artery remodelling group (n = 21 cases), and those with BAR scores ≤1 times the standard deviation were defined as the non-positive intracranial artery remodelling group (n = 89 cases). Serum YKL-40 and MMP-9 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Factors influencing positive intracranial artery remodelling using binary logistic regression analysis and predictive value of YKL-40 and MMP-9 for positive intracranial arterial remodelling in patients with CSVD were assessed by a subject receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsStatistically significant differences in serum YKL-40 and MMP-9 levels were observed between the positive and non-positive remodelling groups (p &lt; 0.05). The integrated indicator (OR = 9.410, 95% CI: 3.156 ~ 28.054, P&lt;0.01) of YKL-40 and MMP-9 levels were independent risk factors for positive intracranial arterial remodelling. The integrated indicator (OR = 3.763, 95% CI: 1.884 ~ 7.517, p &lt; 0.01) of YKL-40 and MMP-9 were independent risk factors for positive arterial remodelling in posterior circulation, but were not significantly associated with positive arterial remodelling in anterior circulation (p &gt; 0.05). The area under the curve for YKL-40 and MMP-9 diagnostic positive remodelling was 0.778 (95% CI: 0.692–0.865, p &lt; 0.01) and 0.736 (95% CI: 0.636–0.837, p &lt; 0.01), respectively.DiscussionElevated serum YKL-40 and MMP-9 levels are independent risk factors for positive intracranial arterial remodelling in patients with CSVD and may predict the presence of positive intracranial arterial remodelling, providing new ideas for the mechanism of its occurrence and development and the direction of treatment.
Effect of shape deprivation on retinal thickness in myopic mice using an OCT method
Authors: Duan Ming-Ming , Liu Hui , Zhong Yu-Lin 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to study in retina thickness changes in myopic mice using optical coherence tomography (OCT).MethodsThere were 18 mice in the form-deprivation myopia (FDM) group，in which the left eye was not treated as a control;18 untreated mice served as a normal control group. The diopter of all mice was measured 21 days after birth (P21), before form deprivation. After 4 weeks of form deprivation (P49), the refraction, fundus, and retinal sublayer thickness of all mice were measured.ResultsAfter 4 weeks of form deprivation, the refractive power of the right eye in the FDM group was significantly higher than that in the left eye (p &lt; 0.05). There was no significant change in the refractive power of the left eye in the FDM group compared with the normal control group. The retina, nerve fiber layer (NFL), inner nuclear layer (INL), and outer nuclear layer (ONL) in the right eye of the FDM group were significantly thinner than those of both the FDM and control groups (p &lt; 0.05). There was no significant change in photoreceptor (PR).ConclusionOur study highlights that the myopic mice have decreased R thickness, which might reflect the potential pathological mechanism of myopia.
Integrating transcriptomics and metabolomics to analyze the mechanism of hypertension-induced hippocampal injury
Authors: Li Yanan , Chu Xue , Xie Xin , Guo Jinxiu , Meng Junjun , Si Qingying , Jiang Pei 
Published: April 2023

ObjectiveHypertension is a public health challenge worldwide due to its high prevalence and multiple complications. Hypertension-induced damage to the hippocampus leads to behavioral changes and various brain diseases. Despite the multifaceted effects of hypertension on the hippocampus, the mechanisms underlying hippocampal lesions are still unclear.MethodsThe 32-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were selected as the study subjects. Behavioral experiments such as an open field test (OFT), an elevated plus maze (EPM) test, and the Morris water maze (MWM) test were performed to show the behavioral characteristics of the rats. A comprehensive transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis was performed to understand the changes in the hippocampus at the metabolic and genetic levels.ResultsBehavioral tests showed that, compared to WKY rats, SHR showed not only reduced memory capacity but more hyperactive and impulsive behavior. In addition, transcriptomic analysis screened for 103 differentially expressed genes. Metabolomic analysis screened 56 metabolites with significant differences, including various amino acids and their related metabolites.ConclusionComprehensive analysis showed that hypertension-induced hippocampal lesions are closely associated with differential metabolites and differential genes detected in this study. The results provide a basis for analyzing the mechanisms of hypertension-induced hippocampal damage.
Intermittent hypoxia-induced enhancement of sociability and working memory associates with CNTNAP2 upregulation
Authors: Zhang Qing , Xu Lu , Bai Yang , Chen Peiye , Xing Mengen , Cai Fang , Wu Yili , Song Weihong 
Published: April 2023

IntroductionHypoxia is an environmental risk factor for many disorders throughout life. Perinatal hypoxia contributes to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), while hypoxic conditions in the elderly facilitate memory deficits. However, the effects of hypoxia on adolescence remains elusive. CNTNAP2 is a critical molecule in ASD pathogenesis with undefined mechanisms. We investigate hypoxia’s impact on adolescence and the underlying mechanism related to CNTNAP2.MethodsThree-chamber social approach test, Y maze, Morris Water Maze and Open Field Test were applied to evaluate behavioral alterations. Immunoblotting, 5′- RACE and dual-luciferase reporter assay were performed to examine CNTNAP2 protein expression, transcription start site (TSS) of human CNTNAP2 gene and CNTNAP2 promoter activity, respectively.ResultsIntermittent hypoxia treatment improved social behaviors and working memory in adolescent mice. CNTNAP2 was increased in the brains of hypoxia-treated mice. The sequencing results identified the TSS at 518 bp upstream of the translation start site ATG. Hypoxia upregulated CNTNAP2 by interacting with functional hypoxia response elements in CNTNAP2 promoter.ConclusionIntermittent hypoxia enhanced sociability and working memory associated with CNTNAP2 upregulation. Our study provides novel insights into intermittent hypoxia’s impact on development and the interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors in ASD pathogenesis.