bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phosphorylation of AKT by lysyl oxidase-like 2 activates the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to promote proliferation, invasion and metastasis in esophageal squamous carcinoma
Authors: Fan Zhiqin , Liu Yingmin , Liu Xinya , Nian Wei , Huang Xiaotong , Yang Qianqian , Hou Songyu , Chen Fei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a common and aggressive malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract for which therapeutic options are scarce. This study screens for LOXL2, a key gene in ESCC, and explains the molecular mechanism by which it promotes the progression of ESCC.

Methods
Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression level of LOXL2 in ESCC tissues and paraneoplastic tissues. CCK-8 and Transwell assays were performed to assess the effects of LOXL2 knockdown and overexpression on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion ability of ESCC cells. High-throughput sequencing analysis screens for molecular mechanisms of action by which LOXL2 promotes ESCC progression. Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to determine the expression levels of relevant markers.

Results
LOXL2 is positively expressed in ESCC and highly correlated with poor prognosis. Silencing LOXL2 significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasive ability of ESCC cells, whereas overexpression showed the opposite phenotype. High-throughput sequencing suggested that LOXL2-associated differentially expressed genes were highly enriched in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In vitro cellular assays confirmed that silencing LOXL2 significantly reduced PI3K, p-AKTThr308 and p-AKTSer473 gene and protein expression levels, while overexpression increased all three gene and protein levels, while AKT gene and protein expression levels were not significantly different.

Conclusion
This study found that LOXL2 may regulate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and exert protumor effects on ESCC cells through phosphorylation of AKT. LOXL2 may be a key clinical warning biomarker or therapeutic target for ESCC.
Minimum acceptable diet and its associated factors among children aged 6–23 months in Lalibela, northeast Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study
Authors: Dejene Yaregal , Mezgebu Getachew Sale , Tadesse Sisay Eshete 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The first 2 years of life are a critical window of opportunity for ensuring optimal child growth and development. In Ethiopia, the magnitude of the minimum acceptable diet ranges from 7 to 74⋅6 %. The evidence revealed the variation and unrelated data on the prevalence of minimum acceptable diet. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the minimum acceptable diet and its associated factors among children aged 6–23 months in Lalibela town administration, northeast Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Lalibela town administration, northeast Ethiopia among 387 mothers/caregivers with children aged 6–23 months from May 1 to 30, 2022. The data were entered by Epidata version 3.1 and analysed by SPSS version 25.0. A multivariable binary logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with minimum acceptable diet. The degrees of association were assessed using an adjusted odds ratio with a 95 % confidence interval and P-value of 0⋅05. The magnitude of minimum acceptable diet in the study area was 16⋅7 % (95 % confidence interval: 12⋅8–20⋅6 %). Sex of child, getting infant and young child feeding counselling at antenatal care, infant feeding practice-related knowledge and childhood illness are the variables that were found to be an independent predictor of minimum acceptable diet. Health facilities should strengthen infant feeding counselling starting from antenatal care visits during pregnancy for the recommended minimum acceptable diet is crucial.
An online exploratory survey of Australian athletes’ and exercisers’ use of and attitudes towards ultra-processed sports foods
Authors: Forsyth Adrienne , Mantzioris Evangeline 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSports foods are convenient alternatives to everyday foods to fuel performance. Strong scientific evidence supports their use; however, commercial sports foods are classified by the NOVA system as ultra-processed foods (UPF). Consumption of UPF has been associated with poor mental and physical health, but little is known about athletes’ consumption of and attitudes towards sports foods as a source of UPF. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess Australian athletes’ intake of and attitudes towards sports foods and UPF. Adult athletes were recruited to complete an anonymous online survey via social media between October 2021 and February 2022. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and Pearson’s χ2 test was used to assess potential relationships between categorical demographic variables and consumption of sports foods. One hundred forty Australian adults participating in recreational (n 55), local/regional (n 52), state (n 11), national (n 14) or international (n 9) sports completed the survey. Ninety-five percent reported consuming sports foods within the past 12 months. Participants consumed sports drinks most commonly (73 %) and isolated protein supplements most frequently (40 % at least once per week). Participants reported everyday foods to be more affordable, taste better, present less risk of banned substances, but less convenient and greater risk of spoilage. Half (51 %) of participants reported concern about health effects of UPF. Participants reported regular UPF consumption despite taste and cost-related preferences for everyday foods and health concerns regarding UPF intake. Athletes may need support to identify and access safe, affordable, convenient, minimally processed alternatives to sports foods.
The curious case of the marginalized mystics
Authors: Williams Thomas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGiven that the more apophatic strand of mysticism resonates more with the way contemporary philosophers are apt to think about mystical experience, the fact that apophatic mysticism was a bit of a fringe enterprise in the Middle Ages calls for explanation. The explanations that are suggested within the pages of Christina Van Dyke's A Hidden Wisdom are not typically historical-contextual explanations, but theological ones. This article examines apophatic mysticism in terms of three of the standard theological loci: creation, Incarnation, and Trinity. In each case we will find that some of the characteristic claims of the apophatic mystics are so much at odds with the mainstream of Christian theology that the mystery is not so much their being marginalized but rather their being largely tolerated.
On generalization of the sense retrofitting model
Authors: Lee Yang-Yin , Yen Ting-Yu , Huang Hen-Hsen , Shiue Yow-Ting , Chen Hsin-Hsi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWith the aid of recently proposed word embedding algorithms, the study of semantic relatedness has progressed rapidly. However, word-level representations are still lacking for many natural language processing tasks. Various sense-level embedding learning algorithms have been proposed to address this issue. In this paper, we present a generalized model derived from existing sense retrofitting models. In this generalization, we take into account semantic relations between the senses, relation strength, and semantic strength. Experimental results show that the generalized model outperforms previous approaches on four tasks: semantic relatedness, contextual word similarity, semantic difference, and synonym selection. Based on the generalized sense retrofitting model, we also propose a standardization process on the dimensions with four settings, a neighbor expansion process from the nearest neighbors, and combinations of these two approaches. Finally, we propose a Procrustes analysis approach that inspired from bilingual mapping models for learning representations that outside of the ontology. The experimental results show the advantages of these approaches on semantic relatedness tasks.
Population heterogeneity in developmental trajectories of internalising and externalising mental health symptoms in childhood: differential effects of parenting styles
Authors: Katsantonis Ioannis , Symonds Jennifer E. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aims
Multiple studies have connected parenting styles to children's internalising and externalising mental health symptoms (MHS). However, it is not clear how different parenting styles are jointly influencing the development of children's MHS over the course of childhood. Hence, the differential effects of parenting style on population heterogeneity in the joint developmental trajectories of children's internalising and externalising MHS were examined.

Method
A community sample of 7507 young children (ages 3, 5 and 9) from the Growing Up in Ireland cohort study was derived for further analyses. Parallel-process linear growth curve and latent growth mixture modelling were deployed.

Results
The results indicated that the linear growth model was a good approximation of children's MHS development (CFI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.03). The growth mixture modelling revealed three classes of joint internalising and externalising MHS trajectories (VLMR = 92.51, p < 0.01; LMR = 682.19, p < 0.01; E = 0.86). The majority of the children (83.49%) belonged to a low-risk class best described by a decreasing trajectory of externalising symptoms and a flat low trajectory of internalising MHS. In total, 10.07% of the children belonged to a high-risk class described by high internalising and externalising MHS trajectories, whereas 6.43% of the children were probable members of a mild-risk class with slightly improving yet still elevated trajectories of MHS. Adjusting for socio-demographics, child and parental health, multinomial logistic regressions indicated that hostile parenting was a risk factor for membership in the high-risk (OR = 1.47, 95% CI 1.18–1.85) and mild-risk (OR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.21–2.04) classes. Consistent (OR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.62–0.90) parenting style was a protective factor only against membership in the mild-risk class.

Conclusions
In short, the findings suggest that a non-negligible proportion of the child population is susceptible to being at high risk for developing MHS. Moreover, a smaller proportion of children was improving but still displayed high symptoms of MHS (mild-risk). Furthermore, hostile parenting style is a substantial risk factor for increments in child MHS, whereas consistent parenting can serve as a protective factor in cases of mild-risk. Evidence-based parent training/management programmes may be needed to reduce the risk of developing MHS.
Kynurenine aminotransferase II inhibition promotes sleep and rescues impairments induced by neurodevelopmental insult
Authors: Milosavljevic Snezana , Smith Andrew K. , Wright Courtney J. , Valafar Homayoun , Pocivavsek Ana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDysregulated sleep is commonly reported in individuals with neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BPD). Physiology and pathogenesis of these disorders points to aberrant metabolism, during neurodevelopment and adulthood, of tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway (KP). Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a neuroactive KP metabolite derived from its precursor kynurenine by kynurenine aminotransferase II (KAT II), is increased in the brains of individuals with SCZ and BPD. We hypothesize that elevated KYNA, an inhibitor of glutamatergic and cholinergic neurotransmission, contributes to sleep dysfunction. Employing the embryonic kynurenine (EKyn) paradigm to elevate fetal brain KYNA, we presently examined pharmacological inhibition of KAT II to reduce KYNA in adulthood to improve sleep quality. Pregnant Wistar rats were fed either kynurenine (100 mg/day)(EKyn) or control (ECon) diet from embryonic day (ED) 15 to ED 22. Adult male (N = 24) and female (N = 23) offspring were implanted with devices to record electroencephalogram (EEG) and electromyogram (EMG) telemetrically for sleep-wake data acquisition. Each subject was treated with either vehicle or PF-04859989 (30 mg/kg, s.c.), an irreversible KAT II inhibitor, at zeitgeber time (ZT) 0 or ZT 12. KAT II inhibitor improved sleep architecture maintaining entrainment of the light-dark cycle; ZT 0 treatment with PF-04859989 induced transient improvements in rapid eye movement (REM) and non-REM (NREM) sleep during the immediate light phase, while the impact of ZT 12 treatment was delayed until the subsequent light phase. PF-04859989 administration at ZT 0 enhanced NREM delta spectral power and reduced activity and body temperature. In conclusion, reducing de novo KYNA production alleviated sleep disturbances and increased sleep quality in EKyn, while also improving sleep outcomes in ECon offspring. Our findings place attention on KAT II inhibition as a novel mechanistic approach to treating disrupted sleep behavior with potential translational implications for patients with neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders.
Accessibility and quality of medical care for patients with chronic noncommunicable diseases during COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Reshetnikov Andrey , Frolova Irina , Abaeva Olga , Prisyazhnaya Nadezhda , Romanova Tatyana , Romanov Sergey , Sobolev Konstantin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the impact of the accessibility and quality of medical care provided to patients with chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCDs) during COVID-19 pandemic on the course and outcome of COVID-19 infection. The study included 132 patients hospitalized with a diagnosis of COVID-19 and having one or more concomitant CNCDs. The patients were divided into two groups based on the quality of the initial CNCD therapy they received. Group 1 involved 58 patients (42%) who received treatment according to clinical guidelines and had a compensated CNCD. Group 2 consisted of 76 patients (58%) who received treatment that was not in line with modern clinical guidelines and/or had a decompensated CNCD. All ‘red zone’ hospitalized patients were surveyed. In particular, they were asked questions related to the quality and accessibility of medical care during COVID-19 pandemic and their satisfaction with the medical care received during the pandemic. Reduced access to medical care (the failure to have the therapy received timely evaluated and adjusted) during COVID-19 pandemic affects the quality of the therapy received by patients with CNCDs. Generally, an unfavorable course and outcome of COVID-19 infection are typical for patients receiving a non-optimal CNCD therapy as compared to patients receiving a therapy that meets current clinical guidelines.
Development of neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuzzy exponential aggregation operators with application in environmental protection problems
Authors: Rehman Ateeq Ur , Gulistan Muhammad , Ali Mumtaz , Al-Shamiri Mohammed M. , Abdulla Shahab 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe population growth and urbanization has caused an exponential increase in waste material. The proper disposal of waste is a challenging problem nowadays. The proper disposal site selection with typical sets and operators may not yield fruitful results. To handle such problems, the exponential aggregation operators based on neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuzzy sets are proposed. For appropriate decisions in a decision-making problem, it is important to have a handy environment and aggregation operators. Many multi attribute decision making methods often ignore the uncertainty and hence yields the results which are not reliable. The neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuzzy set can efficiently handle the complex information in a decision-making problem, as it combines the advantages of neutrosophic cubic set and hesitant fuzzy set. In this paper first we establish exponential operational laws in neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuzzy sets, in which the exponents are neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuzzy numbers and bases are positive real numbers. In order to use neutrosophic cubic hesitant fuzzy sets in decision making, we are developing exponential aggregation operators and investigate their properties in the current study. In many multi expert decision-making methods there are different decision matrices but same weighting vector for attributes. The results of a multi expert decision-making problem becomes more reliable if every decision expert has its own decision matrix along with his own weighting vector for attributes. In this study, we are developing multi expert decision-making method that uses different weights for an attribute corresponding to different experts. At the end we present two applications of exponential aggregation operators in environmental protection multi attribute decision making problems.
Gene loss during a transition to multicellularity
Authors: Jiménez-Marín Berenice , Rakijas Jessica B. , Tyagi Antariksh , Pandey Aakash , Hanschen Erik R. , Anderson Jaden , Heffel Matthew G. , Platt Thomas G. , Olson Bradley J. S. C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMulticellular evolution is a major transition associated with momentous diversification of multiple lineages and increased developmental complexity. The volvocine algae comprise a valuable system for the study of this transition, as they span from unicellular to undifferentiated and differentiated multicellular morphologies despite their genomes being similar, suggesting multicellular evolution requires few genetic changes to undergo dramatic shifts in developmental complexity. Here, the evolutionary dynamics of six volvocine genomes were examined, where a gradual loss of genes was observed in parallel to the co-option of a few key genes. Protein complexes in the six species exhibited novel interactions, suggesting that gene loss could play a role in evolutionary novelty. This finding was supported by gene network modeling, where gene loss outpaces gene gain in generating novel stable network states. These results suggest gene loss, in addition to gene gain and co-option, may be important for the evolution developmental complexity.
Dual plasmonic modes in the visible light region in rectangular wave-shaped surface relief plasmonic gratings
Authors: Hidayat Rahmat , Pradana Jalu Setiya , Fariz Alvin , Komalasari Susi , Chalimah Siti , Bahar Herman 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRectangular wave-shaped surface-relief plasmonic gratings (RSR-PGs) have been fabricated from a hybrid polymer by employing a simple nanoimprint photocuring lithography technique using a silicon template, followed by gold nanolayer metallization on top of the formed replica structure. By forming a one-dimensional (1D) plasmonic grating with a periodicity of approximately 700 nm, a reflectance spectral dip was experimentally observed in the visible light region, from 600 to 700 nm, with increasing incident angle from 45° to 60°. This dip can be associated with surface plasmon resonance (SPR) wave excitation, which is coupled with the diffraction order m =  − 2. The calculations of reflectance spectra simulation using the rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) method have also been carried out, resulting in the appearance of an SPR dip in the range of 600–700 nm, for incident angles in the range of 45°–65°, which agrees with the experimental results. Interestingly, these RSR-PGs show richer plasmon characteristics than the sine-wave-shaped plasmonic gratings. The experimental and spectral simulation results revealed two different plasmonic excitation modes: long-range SPR and quasi-localized SPR (LSPR). While the long-range SPR was formed above the ridge sections along the grating structure surface, the quasi-localized SPR was locally formed inside the groove. In addition, for RSR-PGs with a narrow groove section, the long-range SPR seems to be coupled with the periodic structure of the grating, resulting in the appearance of plasmonic lattice surface resonance (LSR) that is indicated by a narrower plasmon resonance dip. These characteristics are quite different from those found in the sine wave-shaped plasmonic gratings. The present results may thus provide better insights for understanding the plasmon excitations in this type of rectangular plasmonic grating and might be useful for designing their structure for certain practical applications.
Using deep learning to predict ideology from facial photographs: expressions, beauty, and extra-facial information
Authors: Rasmussen Stig Hebbelstrup Rye , Ludeke Steven G. , Klemmensen Robert 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDeep learning techniques can use public data such as facial photographs to predict sensitive personal information, but little is known about what information contributes to the predictive success of these techniques. This lack of knowledge limits both the public’s ability to protect against revealing unintended information as well as the scientific utility of deep learning results. We combine convolutional neural networks, heat maps, facial expression coding, and classification of identifiable features such as masculinity and attractiveness in our study of political ideology in 3323 Danes. Predictive accuracy from the neural network was 61% in each gender. Model-predicted ideology correlated with aspects of both facial expressions (happiness vs neutrality) and morphology (specifically, attractiveness in females). Heat maps highlighted the informativeness of areas both on and off the face, pointing to methodological refinements and the need for future research to better understand the significance of certain facial areas.
Impact of dry-off and lyophilized Aloe arborescens supplementation on plasma metabolome of dairy cows
Authors: Cattaneo L. , Rocchetti G. , Piccioli-Cappelli F. , Zini S. , Trevisi E. , Minuti A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPositive effects have been observed as a result of Aloe arborescens supplementation in the dry-off phase in dairy cows. Metabolomic approaches can provide additional information about animal physiology. Thus, we characterized plasma metabolome around dry-off in 12 cows supplemented (AL) or not (CTR) with 10 g/d of lyophilized A. arborescens with an untargeted metabolomic approach. Overall, 1658 mass features were annotated. Regardless of treatment, multivariate statistics discriminated samples taken before and after dry-off. Overall, 490 metabolites were different between late lactation and early dry period, of which 237 were shared between AL and CTR. The most discriminant compounds (pentosidine and luteolin 7-O-glucoside) were related to the more fibrous diet. Pathway analysis indicated that pyrimidine and glycerophospholipid metabolisms were down-accumulated, suggesting reduced rumen microbial activity and liver load. Samples from AL were discriminated from CTR either the day of dry-off or 7 days after. At dry-off, aloin and emodin were the most discriminant metabolites, indicating that Aloe's bioactive compounds were absorbed. Seven days later, 534 compounds were different between groups, and emodin was among the most impacted. Pathway analysis highlighted that glycerophospholipid, pyrimidine, and folate metabolisms were affected. These results might indicate that Aloe has positive effects on liver function and a modulatory effect on rumen fermentation.