bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
γ-Aminobutyric acid as a biomarker of the lateralizing and monitoring drug effect in patients with magnetic resonance imaging-negative temporal lobe epilepsy
Authors: Wu Shuohua , Wang Qianqi , Zhai Huige , Zhang Yiwen , Xu Dongyuan , Yan Gen , Wu Renhua 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionDespite verifying proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) for focal localization in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-negative temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), it is necessary to illustrate metabolic changes and screen for effective biomarkers for monitoring therapeutic effect. We used 1H-MRS to investigate the role of metabolic levels in MRI-negative TLE.Materials and methodsThirty-seven patients (n = 37, 14 women) and 20 healthy controls (n = 20, 11 women) were investigated by 1H-MRS. We compared the metabolite level changes in the epileptic and contralateral sides on the mesial temporal and dorsolateral prefrontal cortices and analyzed their association with clinical symptoms.Resultsγ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels were significantly lower on the epileptic side (2.292 ± 0.890) than in the contralateral side (2.662 ± 0.742, p = 0.029*) in patients on the mesial temporal lobe. N-acetylaspartate (NAA) levels were significantly lower on the epileptic side (7.284 ± 1.314) than on the contralateral side (7.655 ± 1.549, p = 0.034*). NAA + N-acetylaspartylglutamate levels were significantly lower on the epileptic side (7.668 ± 1.406) than on the contralateral side (8.086 ± 1.675, p = 0.032*). Glutamate levels were significantly lower on the epileptic side (7.773 ± 1.428) than on the contralateral side (8.245 ± 1.616, p = 0.040*). Moreover, a significant negative correlation was found between GABA levels in the epileptic mesial temporal lobe and tonic–clonic seizure frequency (r = −0.338, p = 0.046*).Conclusionγ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a potential biomarker for lateralization and monitoring seizure frequency in MRI-negative TLE.
Calorie restriction and pravastatin administration during pregnancy in obese rhesus macaques modulates maternal and infant metabolism and infant brain and behavioral development
Authors: Hasegawa Yu , Kim Danielle H. J. , Zhang Zhichao , Taha Ameer Y. , Capitanio John P. , Hogrefe Casey E. , Bauman Melissa D. , Golub Mari S. , Van de Water Judy , VandeVoort Catherine A. , Walker Cheryl K. , Slupsky Carolyn M. 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundMaternal obesity has been associated with a higher risk of pregnancy-related complications in mothers and offspring; however, effective interventions have not yet been developed. We tested two interventions, calorie restriction and pravastatin administration, during pregnancy in a rhesus macaque model with the hypothesis that these interventions would normalize metabolic dysregulation in pregnant mothers leading to an improvement in infant metabolic and cognitive/social development.MethodsA total of 19 obese mothers were assigned to either one of the two intervention groups (n = 5 for calorie restriction;n = 7 for pravastatin) or an obese control group (n = 7) with no intervention, and maternal gestational samples and postnatal infant samples were compared with lean control mothers (n = 6) using metabolomics methods.ResultsGestational calorie restriction normalized one-carbon metabolism dysregulation in obese mothers, but altered energy metabolism in her offspring. Although administration of pravastatin during pregnancy tended to normalize blood cholesterol in the mothers, it potentially impacted the gut microbiome and kidney function of their offspring. In the offspring, both calorie restriction and pravastatin administration during pregnancy tended to normalize the activity of AMPK in the brain at 6 months, and while results of the Visual Paired-Comparison test, which measures infant recognition memory, was not significantly impacted by either of the interventions, gestational pravastatin administration, but not calorie restriction, tended to normalize anxiety assessed by the Human Intruder test.ConclusionsAlthough the two interventions tested in a non-human primate model led to some improvements in metabolism and/or infant brain development, negative impacts were also found in both mothers and infants. Our study emphasizes the importance of assessing gestational interventions for maternal obesity on both maternal and offspring long-term outcomes.
The association between serum lipid profile and the prostate cancer risk and aggressiveness
Authors: Suh Jungyo , Shin Teak Jun , You Dalsan , Jeong In Gab , Hong Jun Hyuk , Kim Choung-Soo , Ahn Hanjong 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThis study aims to evaluate the association of serum lipid profile on prostate cancer (PC) risk and aggressiveness.MethodsMen who underwent prostate biopsy between January 2005 and December 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The association between lipid profile and the risk, stage, and Gleason grade group (GG) of the PC were investigated. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using univariate and multivariate quantile analysis for lipide profile on the risk and stage of PC.ResultsOf the 1740 study populations, 720 men (41.4%) were diagnosed as PC. From multivariate logistic regression analysis, age, prostate specific antigen, triglyceride (odds ratio (OR):1.05, confidence interval (CI):1.03-1.07, p-value&lt;0.001) significantly increased PC risk, while total cholesterol (OR:0.96, CI:0.92-0.99, p-value=0.011) significantly decreased the PC risk. The increase of serum triglyceride increased the risk of both of locally advanced (OR:1.03, CI:1.00-1.07, p-value=0.025) and metastatic PC (OR:1.14, CI:1.04-1.25, p-value=0.004). The increase of serum triglyceride increased the risk of GG2-3 (OR:1.03, CI:1.00-1.06, p-value=0.027) and GG4-5 (OR:1.04, CI:1.01-1.08, p-value=0.027). Univariate quartile analysis founded serum triglyceride increasing risk of locally advanced disease than organ confined disease. (OR: 1.00, 1.25, 2.04, 4.57 for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th quartile, p-value&lt;0.001). Adjusted multivariate quartile analysis confirmed statistically significant increasing PC risk of triglyceride (OR: 1.00, 1.25, 2.04, 4.57 for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th quartile, p-value&lt;0.001).ConclusionsThis study findings suggested increased in triglyceride level increased the risk PC. Increased in triglyceride level also associated with aggressive presentation of PC, with higher stage and GG.
The detailed classification of the interlobar artery and the artery crossing intersegmental planes in the right upper lobe
Authors: Li Zhikai , Kong Yuhong , Li Bowen , Lv Wenfa , Zhang Xiaopeng 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundWith the prevalence of three-dimensional computed tomography bronchography and angiography (3D-CTBA) and the development of anatomical segmentectomy, several studies have analyzed the branching patterns of peripheral segmental arteries in the right upper lobe (RUL). Nevertheless, the detailed classification of the branching patterns of the interlobar artery and the artery crossing intersegmental planes remains unknown. Thus, we conducted a retrospective study to analyze the variations of the interlobar artery and the artery crossing intersegmental planes in the RUL using 3D-CTBA.Materials and methodsA total of 600 patients with ground-glass opacity (GGO) who had undergone 3D-CTBA preoperatively at Hebei General Hospital between September 2020 and September 2022 were used for the retrospective study. We reviewed the anatomical variations of the RUL arteries in these patients using 3D-CTBA images.ResultsThe branching patterns of the RUL artery were classified into the following four categories: trunk superior (Tr. sup), Tr. sup + interlobar artery, Tr. sup + trunk inferior (Tr. inf), and Tr. sup + Tr. inf + interlobar artery. The branching patterns of the interlobar artery were subclassified into four subtypes: posterior ascending artery (A. pos), anterior ascending artery (A. ant), A. pos + A. ant, and ascending artery (A. asc). The artery crossing intersegmental planes contains two types: type A, anterior subsegmental artery crossing intersegmental planes (AX1b); type B, recurrent artery crossing intersegmental planes (AX. rec).ConclusionThe variation types of blood vessels in the RUL are complex. This study explored the detailed classification of the interlobar artery and the artery crossing intersegmental planes. It can help thoracic surgeons understand the anatomy variations, accurately locate lesions before surgery, and effectively plan surgeries.
A quinazoline derivative suppresses B cell hyper-activation and ameliorates the severity of systemic lupus erythematosus in mice
Authors: Zhang Gan , Yang Fan , Li Juan , Chen Shan , Kong Yuhang , Mo Chunfen , Leng Xiao , Liu Yang , Xu Ying , Wang Yantang 
Published: May 2023

Background: Aberrant autoreactive B cell responses contribute to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Currently, there is no safe and effective drug for intervention of SLE. Quinazoline derivative (N4-(4-phenoxyphenethyl)quinazoline-4,6-diamine, QNZ) is a NF-κB inhibitor and has potent anti-inflammatory activity. However, it is unclear whether QNZ treatment can modulate B cell activation and SLE severity.Methods: Splenic CD19+ B cells were treated with QNZ (2, 10, or 50 nM) or paeoniflorin (200 μM, a positive control), and their activation and antigen presentation function-related molecule expression were examined by flow cytometry. MRL/lpr lupus-prone mice were randomized and treated intraperitoneally with vehicle alone, 0.2 mg/kg/d QNZ or 1 mg/kg/d FK-506 (tacrolimus, a positive control) for 8 weeks. Their body weights and clinical symptoms were measured and the frequency of different subsets of splenic and lymph node activated B cells were quantified by flow cytometry. The degrees of kidney inflammation and glycogen deposition were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) and PAS staining. The levels of serum autoantibodies and renal IgG, complement C3 deposition were examined by ELISA and immunofluorescence.Results: QNZ treatment significantly inhibited the activation and antigen presentation-related molecule expression of B cells in vitro. Similarly, treatment with QNZ significantly mitigated the SLE activity by reducing the frequency of activated B cells and plasma cells in MRL/lpr mice.Conclusion: QNZ treatment ameliorated the severity of SLE in MRL/lpr mice, which may be associated with inhibiting B cell activation, and plasma cell formation. QNZ may be an excellent candidate for the treatment of SLE and other autoimmune diseases.
Chaihu Shugan San ameliorated cognitive deficits through regulating gut microbiota in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8
Authors: Li Zhiyue , Zeng Qiang , Hu Shengquan , Liu Zhanyan , Wang Shuting , Jin Yu , Li Limin , Ou Hanlin , Wu Zhengzhi 
Published: May 2023

Background: Traditional Chinese medicines exhibit promising preventive effects on Alzheimer’s disease. Chaihu Shugan San (CSS) is a well-known traditional herbal formula whose several kinds of ingredients have the potential of ameliorating Alzheimer’s disease. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of CSS on the microbiota–gut–brain axis and cognitive deficits of senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice as well as investigate the underlying mechanisms.Methods: Thirty 5-month-old SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into the model group (SAMP8), CSS low-dose treatment group (CSSL), and CSS high-dose treatment group (CSSH). Ten SAMR1 mice were used as the normal control, and ten SAMP8 mice treated with donepezil were used as the positive control of cognitive function. CSS was orally administrated to SAMP8 mice for 8 weeks. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate cognitive function. Histological staining was used to observe neuronal injury and Aβ deposition. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the synaptic ultrastructure. 16S rRNA gene analysis was performed to measure the changes in intestinal microbiota.Results: The results showed that CSS significantly improved the learning function and memory deficits of aged SAMP8 mice in the Morris water maze examination. CSS ameliorated neuronal injury, synaptic injuries, and Aβ deposition in the brain of SAMP8 mice. In addition, CSS also significantly improved microbiota composition in terms of elevating Lactobacillus reuteri and decreasing Staphylococcus xylosus in the feces of aged SAMP8 mice.Conclusion: These findings suggested that CSS might have a preventive potential for cognitive deficits in aging through regulating gut microbiota, which paved the way for the application of CSS for prevention and therapeutic purposes for mild cognitive impairment as well as Alzheimer’s disease.
Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis to investigate the mechanism of intranasal insulin treatment in a rat model of vascular dementia
Authors: Tang Liang , Wang Yan , Gong Xujing , Xiang Ju , Zhang Yan , Xiang Qin , Li Jianming 
Published: May 2023

Introduction: Insulin has an effect on neurodegenerative diseases. However, the role and mechanism of insulin in vascular dementia (VD) and its underlying mechanism are unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects and mechanism of insulin on VD.Methods: Experimental rats were randomly assigned to control (CK), Sham, VD, and insulin (INS) + VD groups. Insulin was administered by intranasal spray. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Morris's water maze. Nissl's staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to assess morphological alterations. Apoptosis was evaluated using TUNEL-staining. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses were performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs), respectively.Results: Insulin significantly improved cognitive and memory functions in VD model rats (p &lt; 0.05). Compared with the VD group, the insulin + VD group exhibited significantly reduced the number of Nissl's bodies numbers, apoptosis level, GFAP-positive cell numbers, apoptosis rates, and p-tau and tau levels in the hippocampal CA1 region (p &lt; 0.05). Transcriptomic analysis found 1,257 and 938 DEGs in the VD vs. CK and insulin + VD vs. VD comparisons, respectively. The DEGs were mainly enriched in calcium signaling, cAMP signaling, axon guidance, and glutamatergic synapse signaling pathways. In addition, metabolomic analysis identified 1 and 14 DEMs between groups in negative and positive modes, respectively. KEGG pathway analysis indicated that DEGs and DEMs were mostly enriched in metabolic pathway.Conclusion: Insulin could effectively improve cognitive function in VD model rats by downregulating tau and p-tau expression, inhibiting astrocyte inflammation and neuron apoptosis, and regulating genes involved in calcium signaling, cAMP signaling, axon guidance, and glutamatergic synapse pathways, as well as metabolites involved in metabolic pathway.
Grain yield and quality performances of different late-season rice cultivars in response to experimental warming in subtropical China
Authors: Yang Taotao , Tan Xueming , Huang Shan , Pan Xiaohua , Zeng Yongjun , Zhang Jun , Cheng Shanmei , Zeng Yanhua 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionClimate warming has pronounced effects on rice production in China. However, late-seasons rice cultivars are diverse in double rice cropping systems, and the actual responses in grain yield and quality of different late-season rice cultivars to climate warming are still unclear.MethodsA two-year field warming experiment was conducted by using free-air temperature increase facilities with three widely-planted late-season rice cultivars, including Taiyou398 (TY, short growth duration indica hybrid rice), Jiuxiangnian (JXN, long growth duration indica inbred rice), and Yongyou1538 (YY, long growth duration indica-japonica hybrid rice) in a double rice cropping system in subtropical China.ResultsWarming (1.9–2.0°C) had no significant effects on the grain yields of TY and JXN, but significantly decreased that of YY by 4.8% relative to ambient treatment due to a reduction of spikelet number. Compared to ambient treatment, the head rice yields of TY and YY did not change while that of JXN increased by 6.3% under warming conditions. Warming significantly increased the head rice rates of JXN and YY by 6.6% and 7.8%, and the chalky grain rates of TY, JXN, and YY by 79.1%, 21.6%, and 7.6%, respectively. Under warming conditions, the amylose content of JXN and YY decreased significantly by 7.5% and 8.8%, and the setback of three cultivars decreased significantly by an average of 41.5%.ConclusionWarming could improve the milling and eating qualities of long growth duration late-season rice (JXN and YY) and increase or maintain their head rice yield, even though decreased the grain yield of indica-japonica hybrid rice (YY). These results will provide a better understanding for the selection of suitable late-season rice cultivars under future climate warming conditions.
Associations between parental well-being and early learning at home before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: observations from the China Family Panel Studies
Authors: Dong Shuyang , Rao Nirmala 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundCOVID-19-related lockdowns and preschool closures resulted in many young children spending all their time at home. Some parents had to manage child care while working from home, and increased demands may have led them to experience considerable stress. Evidence indicates that among parents with young children, those who had pre-existing mental and physical conditions adapted less well than other parents. We considered associations between parental well-being and the home learning environment for young children.MethodWe leveraged data from the nationally representative China Family Panel Studies. We analyzed longitudinal data collected before (2018) and during (2020) the pandemic. Participants were parents of 1,155 preschoolers (aged 3–5 years in 2020). Moderated mediation models were conducted. Maternal and paternal psychological well-being, depression, physical health, and physical illness in 2018 and 2020 were predictors. The frequency of marital and intergenerational conflicts in 2020 were mediators. Primary caregiver-reported engagement in home learning activities and family educational expenditure and parent-reported time spent on child care in 2020 were outcome variables. The number of COVID-19 cases in each province 3 months before the 2020 assessment was the moderator. Child, parental, and household characteristics and urbanicity were covariates.ResultsControlling for covariates, improvements in parental psychological well-being predicted more home learning activities and increases in paternal depression predicted less time spent by fathers on child care. Negative changes in maternal physical health predicted less family educational expenditure and mothers spending more time on child care. Family conflicts mediated the association between maternal physical illness in 2018 and family educational expenditure. The number of COVID-19 cases in a province (i) was positively associated with mothers spending more time on child care, (ii) moderated the association of improvements in maternal physical health and mothers spending less time on child care, and (iii) moderated the association of family conflicts and more family educational expenditure.ConclusionThe findings indicate that decreased parental psychological and physical well-being foretells reductions in monetary and non-monetary investment in early learning and care at home. Regional pandemic risk undermines maternal investment in early learning and care, especially for those with pre-existing physical conditions.
Facing financial barriers to healthcare: patient-informed adaptation of a conceptual framework for adults with a history of cancer
Authors: Biddell Caitlin B. , Waters Austin R. , Angove Rebekah S. M. , Gallagher Kathleen D. , Rosenstein Donald L. , Spees Lisa P. , Kent Erin E. , Planey Arrianna Marie , Wheeler Stephanie B. 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundCancer-related financial hardship is associated with negative clinical outcomes, which may be partially explained by cost-related delayed or forgone care in response to financial barriers. We sought to understand patient experiences facing financial barriers to medical care following a cancer diagnosis.MethodsWe conducted virtual, semi-structured interviews in Fall 2022 with 20 adults with a history of cancer who had experienced cancer-related financial hardship in the prior year. We used template analysis within a pragmatic paradigm, combining constructivist and critical realist theoretical perspectives, to analyze interview transcripts and adapt an existing conceptual framework of financial barriers to care.ResultsThe majority of interviewees identified as women (70%), non-Hispanic white (60%), and reported an annual household income of &lt;$48,000 (60%). As interviewees sought to overcome financial barriers, they described substantial frustration at the limitations and complexities of United States health and social care systems, resulting in a reliance on a fragmented, uncertain resource landscape. The administrative burden resulting from bureaucratic systems and the advocacy responsibilities required to navigate them ultimately fell on interviewees and their caregivers. Thus, participants described their ability to overcome financial barriers as being influenced by individual and interpersonal factors, such as social support, comfort asking for help, time, prior experience navigating resources, and physical and mental health. However, participants noted health system organizational factors, such as whether all new patients proactively met with a social worker or financial navigator, as having the potential to lessen the administrative and financial burden experienced.ConclusionWe present an adapted conceptual framework outlining multi-level factors influencing patient experiences coping with financial barriers to medical care. In addition to influencing whether a patient ultimately delays or forgoes care due to cost, financial barriers also have the potential to independently affect patient mental, physical, and financial health.