bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Septal Perforation Repair Quality of Life Outcomes Using the Revised 15-item Glasgow Benefit Inventory
Authors: Taylor Cullen M. , Marino Michael J. , Bansberg Stephen F. 
Published: May 2023

Background: The 18-item Glasgow Benefit Inventory (GBI) has been widely used to measure patient general health response to otorhinolaryngologic and facial plastic interventions. The GBI was recently reorganized into 15 questions with 5 sub-scale factors ( GBI-5F) to improve its utility. Application of the GBI-5F to septal perforation treatments may improve our understanding of quality of life outcomes. Methodology/Principal: The GBI was given to patients seen from August 2018 through October 2021 who were at least 6 months postoperative attempted perforation surgical closure using bilateral nasal mucosal flaps with an interposition graft. Original GBI and GBI-5F scores were computed and subgroup analysis performed in this retrospective medical record review. Results: Of the 98 patients (mean age 45.5 years) who met study criteria, 65 were female. Mean perforation length was 12.9, and height 9.7 mm. The mean postoperative time to GBI completion was 12.7 months. Highest GBI-5F scores were noted in the Quality of Life factor, followed by Self-confidence and Social Involvement. Females reported significantly higher scores than men. Total GBI scores were similar to those recorded for other rhinologic procedures. Conclusions: The GBI-5F provides measurable insight into patient quality of life benefit following septal perforation repair.
Detection of serum M-protein in acetonitrile precipitates by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry: A novel, low-cost methodology
Authors: Mehra Nikita , Gopisetty Gopal , Subramani Jayavelu , Dhanasekar Sariga , Rajamanickam Arivazhagan , Perumal Kalaiyarasi Jayachandran , Karunakaran Parathan , Kannan Krishnarathinam , Rajaraman Swaminathan , Rajkumar Thangarajan 
Published: May 2023

Background Several studies have demonstrated the analytical sensitivity of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) by immunoenrichment for M-protein analysis. We report the results of a novel, low-cost, reagent-based extraction process using acetonitrile (ACN) precipitation to enrich for κ and λ light chains which can be analysed by MALDI-TOF MS. Methods Institutional Ethics committee approval was obtained. Serum samples from patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), multiple myeloma (MM), plasmacytoma, AL amyloidosis and Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) underwent ACN precipitation. The images obtained were overlaid on apparently healthy donor serum samples to confirm the presence of M-protein. A sample was considered positive for M-protein if there was a sharp or broad peak within the κ or λ mass/charge ( m/z) range: m/z- [M + 2H]2+: 11,550–12,300 Da and λ m/z- [M + 2H]2+: 11,100–11,500 Da. Images were acquired at a m/z range of 10,000–29,000 Da. Corresponding serum protein electrophoresis (SPEP), serum immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) and serum free light chain (sFLC) assay by nephelometry were performed for all the samples. Results Two-hundred-and-two serum samples were included in the study: MM- 184 (91%); AL amyloidosis- 2 (1%); plasmacytoma- 8 (4%); MGUS- 6 (3%) and WM- 2 (1%). All the SPEP positive samples were identified by MALDI-TOF MS. Out of 179 samples positive for M-protein by IFE, MALDI-TOF MS was positive in 176 samples (98%). Compared to IFE, the sensitivity and specificity of M-protein identification by MALDI-TOF MS were 98.3% and 52.2%, respectively. Conclusions This study demonstrates the feasibility of qualitatively identifying M-protein without the need for antibody-based immunoenrichment, making the technique cost-effective.
Perceived Economic Stress and Adolescents’ Bullying Victimization: The Roles of Self-Esteem and Student-Student Relationships
Authors: Wang Xingchao , Wang Wenyuan 
Published: May 2023

In the present study, we sought to examine the relationship between perceived economic stress and adolescents’ bullying victimization and extended previous literature by examining the mediating effect of self-esteem as well as the moderating effects of student-student relationships and gender in this association. The research hypotheses were tested among 2407 adolescents from China ( M age = 12.75 years, SD = 0.58) with a moderated mediation model. Results indicated that adolescents with high perceived economic stress were more likely to be bullied. Self-esteem mediated the relationship between perceived economic stress and bullying victimization. Furthermore, student-student relationships moderated the relationship between perceived economic stress and bullying victimization and the relationship between perceived economic stress and self-esteem. Gender did not moderate the direct and indirect relationships between perceived economic stress and bullying victimization. These findings have potential applications for reducing the risk of bullying victimization and promoting positive development for adolescents.
Trends in colorectal cancer screening in the United States, 2012 to 2020
Authors: He Yue , Xu Tong , Fang Jiaxin , Tong Li , Gao Wenhui , Zhang Yuan , Wang Yanfang , Xu Yan , Shi Shunyao , Liu Siyu , Jin Lina 
Published: May 2023

Objectives Despite recommendations to increase the uptake of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, trends in CRC screening vary with sociodemographic status. We aimed to evaluate trends in CRC screening in the US population and subpopulations. Methods A total of 1,082,924 participants aged 50 to 75 from five cycles (2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020) of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were involved. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to evaluate linear trends in CRC screening utilization from 2012 to 2018. Rao-Scott chi-square tests were used to assess the differences in CRC screening utilization between 2018 and 2020. Results The estimated percentage reporting up-to-date with CRC screening increased significantly ( P for trend <0.001), from 62.8% (95% CI, 62.4%−63.2%) in 2012 to 66.7% (95% CI, 66.3%−67.2%) in 2018 and 70.4% (95% CI, 69.8%−71.0%) in 2020, in accordance with 2008 US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations. Trends followed similar patterns in most subgroups, although with different magnitudes in several subgroups, primarily those underweight showed a stable percentage over time ( P for trend  =  0.170). In 2020, 72.4% of participants reported they were up to date with CRC screening, including the utilization of stool DNA tests and virtual colonoscopy. Colonoscopy was the most commonly used test in 2020 (64.5%), followed by FOBT (12.6%), stool DNA test (5.8%), sigmoidoscopy (3.8%), and virtual colonoscopy (2.7%). Conclusions In this nationally representative survey of the US population from 2012 through 2020, the percentage reporting up to date with CRC screening has increased, but not equally among all subgroups.
Impact of Access to Breast Care For West Texas Program on Early Detection and Regional Breast Cancer Mortality
Authors: Dhanasekara Chathurika S , Khan Hafiz , Rahman Rakhshanda L 
Published: May 2023

Introduction This study aimed to assess whether the Access to Breast Care for West Texas (ABC4WT) program impacted regional breast cancer detection and mortality in the Texas Council of Governments (COG)1 region. Methods Interrupted time series analyses were utilized to evaluate the impact of the intervention. Spearman’s rank correlation and cross-orrelation analyses were performed to assess the relationship between the total number of screenings and (i) the total number of breast cancer detected and (ii) the proportion of early-stage cancer detected and the (pre-whitened) residuals. A three-way interaction model compared pre-and post-intervention mortality in COG 1 with the COG 9 region (control). Results Increased screening rate was associated with increased breast and early-stage cancer incidences ( P = .001 and P = .002, respectively). There were significant positive cross-correlations between the total number of screenings and the total number of breast cancer detected (r = .996) and the proportion of early-stage cancer detected (r = .709) without a lag even after pre-whitening. Univariate analysis showed that regional mortality decreased with time ( P < .001) and after intervention ( P = .001). Multivariate analysis did not show any significant difference in time ( P = .594), intervention ( P = .453), and time and intervention interaction ( P = .273). The three-way interaction model showed no difference in the baseline mortality and pre-intervention trend difference in COG 1 and COG 9 regions. However, there was a significant pre-post intervention trend difference in mortality COG 1 compared to the COG 9 region ( P = .041). Conclusion Implementing the ABC4WT program was associated with the early detection of breast cancer and reducing regional mortality in the COG 1 region.
A prospective study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitamin E and levocarnitine prophylaxis against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in adult breast cancer patients
Authors: Moustafa Iman , Connolly Catherine , Anis Malik , Mustafa Hani , Oosthuizen Frasia , Viljoen Michelle 
Published: May 2023

Background Doxorubicin induces acute and chronic cardiotoxicity. This study is aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of vitamin E and levocarnitine (EL) as cardioprotective agents against acute doxorubicin cardiotoxicity in female adult breast cancer patients. Methods A prospective, randomized controlled study was conducted in patients treated with doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC). Patients were randomly assigned to EL plus AC or AC alone for the duration of 4 cycles. Cardiac enzymes (B-type natriuretic peptide, creatine kinase, troponin I (Trop)) and cardiac events were monitored during treatment to evaluate the cardioprotective efficacy of EL. Results Seventy-four patients were recruited and received four cycles of chemotherapy. The intervention group ( n = 35) showed a significant reduction in both the B-type natriuretic peptide and creatine kinase cardiac enzymes compared to the control group ( n = 39). The median (IQR) change for BNP was 0.80 (0.00–4.00) for IG versus 1.80 (0.40–3.60) for CG groups ( p < 0.001); creatine kinase was −0.08 (−0.25–0.05) for IG versus 0.20 (0.05–0.50) for CG ( p < 0.001). The addition of EL decreased the cardiac events by 24.2% ( p = 0.02). All adverse events were tolerable and manageable. Conclusion This study supports the addition of EL as prophylaxis against acute doxorubicin cardiotoxicity and it was also very well tolerated by a majority of the patients. The co-administration of EL at higher doxorubicin (240 mg/m2) dose should be further investigated.
Successful dasatinib therapy in newly diagnosed chronic myeloid leukemia in the setting of short bowel syndrome
Authors: Freydman Jessica , Staron Andrew , Hughes David , Sloan John M 
Published: May 2023

Introduction There is limited guidance on the selection of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS). Concerns regarding absorption, toxicity profiles, and drug interactions should be considered when selecting optimal TKI therapy. Case Report A 57-year-old male with SBS was newly diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). A careful review of his surgical history, comorbidities, and concurrent medications led to a treatment decision to initiate dasatinib at 100 mg once daily. Management and Outcome After initiation of therapy, the patient achieved a complete hematological response after two weeks and an early major molecular response on a three-month assessment. The therapy was tolerated well with no identified adverse effects. Discussion Clinical rationale for selecting dasatinib in patients with SBS includes supporting literature regarding its pharmacokinetic absorption characteristics, its efficacy with lower doses in newly diagnosed patients with CML, and its side effect profile in comparison to other second-generation TKIs. The case discussed provides an example of successful therapy in a patient with SBS undergoing treatment for CML.
Self-Reported Adult ADHD Symptoms: Evidence Supporting Cautious Use in an Assessment-Seeking Sample
Authors: Vizgaitis Alexandra L. , Bottini Summer , Polizzi Craig P. , Barden Eileen , Krantweiss Adam R. 
Published: May 2023

Objective: Self-report symptom inventories are commonly used in adult ADHD assessment, and research indicates they should be interpreted with caution. This study investigated one self-report symptom inventory for adult ADHD in a clinical sample. Method: Archival data were used to evaluate diagnostic utility of the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale—Self-Report: Long Version (CAARS-S:L) in a sample of 122 adults seeking ADHD assessment. Results: Overall, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) estimates for the ADHD Index and other CAARS-S:L scales demonstrated weak accuracy. Anxiety and depression were the most common diagnoses present when a false positive on the ADHD Index was observed. PPV and specificity for the ADHD Index were higher in males compared to females. Conclusion: The CAARS-S:L may be useful for screening purposes in some cases, but should not be the main method used for diagnostic purposes. Clinical implications of findings are discussed.
Reducing Opioid Exposure Following Common Ambulatory Hand Surgery: A Systematic Review
Authors: Horne Mason J. , Kotamarti Vasanth S. , Patel Ashit 
Published: May 2023

Background: The opioid epidemic is a health crisis in the United States. Physicians contribute to this problem by overprescribing opioids. Ambulatory hand surgery (AHS) is common in the United States and associated with overprescribing of opioids. Education and guidance regarding the effectiveness of nonopioid compared with opioid interventions for pain management following ambulatory hand procedures are lacking. We assessed the current literature to suggest evidence-based protocols for postoperative analgesia. Methods: A systematic review was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Studies comparing nonopioid with opioid treatments for pain management following AHS were identified. Studies investigating opioid-sparing strategies after AHS were also identified. Evidence was examined to determine efficacy of nonopioid interventions and to provide recommendations for optimal nonopioid protocols and opioid-sparing strategies. Results: A total of 510 studies were identified in the search with 18 meeting inclusion criteria. High-level evidence demonstrated efficacy of nonopioid interventions for pain management following AHS (levels I and II evidence). Results provided evidence-based guidelines for recommendations of nonopioid treatment protocols and opioid-sparing strategies (levels I and II evidence). Conclusions: Our review demonstrated nonopioid interventions are adequate in multiple aspects of pain management compared with opioid treatments. Recommendations were established for two nonopioid treatment protocols, and for an opioid-sparing intervention (levels I and II evidence). The evidence provided in this review should be strongly considered for pain management guidance following AHS and provides a means to decrease opioid overprescribing in the United States.
The first endovascular rat glioma model for pre-clinical evaluation of intra-arterial therapeutics
Authors: Lim Jaims , Baig Ammad A. , Donnelly Brianna M. , Chaves Lee D. , Pol Suyog U. , Koenigsknecht Carmon , Pionessa Donald , Levy Bennett R. , Gutierrez Liza , Tutino Vincent M. , Levy Elad I. , Siddiqui Adnan H. 
Published: May 2023

Background Several translational animal models have been described assessing intra-arterial (IA) treatments for malignant gliomas. We describe the first endovascular animal model that allows testing of IA drug delivery as a first-line treatment, which is difficult to do in actual patients. We report a unique protocol for vascular access and IA delivery in the rat model that, unlike prior reports, does not require direct puncture and opening of proximal cerebrovasculature which carries risk of ischemia in the animal brain post-delivery. Methods Wistar rats underwent left femoral artery catherization with a Balt Magic 1.2F catheter or Marathon Flow directed 1.5F Microcatheter with an Asahi Chikai 0.008 micro-guidewire which was navigated to the left internal carotid artery under x-ray. 25% mannitol was administered to test blood brain barrier breakdown (BBBB). Additional rats were implanted with C6 glioma cells in the left frontal lobe. C6 Glioma-Implanted Rats (C6GRs) were monitored for overall survival and tumor growth. Tumor volumes from MRI images were calculated utilizing 3D slicer. Additional rats underwent femoral artery catheterization with Bevacizumab, carboplatin, or irinotecan injected into the left internal carotid artery to test feasibility and safety. Results A successful endovascular access and BBBB protocol was established. BBBB was confirmed with positive Evans blue staining. 10 rats were successfully implanted with C6 gliomas with confirmed growths on MRI. Overall survival was 19.75 ± 2.21 days. 5 rats were utilized for the development of our femoral catheterization protocol and BBBB testing. With regards to IA chemotherapy dosage testing, control rats tolerated targeted 10 mg/kg of bevascizumab, 2.4 mg/kg of carboplatin, and 15 mg/kg of irinotecan IA ICA injections without any complications. Conclusions We present the first endovascular IA rat glioma model that allows selective catheterization of the intracranial vasculature and assessment of IA therapies for gliomas without need for access and sacrifice of proximal cerebrovasculature.
The gut-brain connection: Inflammatory bowel disease increases risk of acute ischemic stroke
Authors: Mui Nicholas W , Uddin Anaz , Fortunato Michael P , Nolan Bridget E , Clare Kevin M , Lui Aiden K , Al-Juboori Mohammed , Gandhi Chirag D , Al-Mufti Fawaz 
Published: May 2023

Objectives Chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract is a hallmark of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). This increased inflammation is thought to induce a hypercoagulable state that increases the risk for stroke. However, few studies have examined the association between IBD and acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Thus, this study aims to investigate the incidence, treatments, complications, and outcomes of AIS in patients with IBD. Materials & Methods ICD-9-CM and ICD-10-CM codes were used to query the National Inpatient Sample for AIS and IBD diagnosis. Baseline demographics, clinical characteristics, complications, treatments, and outcomes were assessed through descriptive statistics, multivariate regression, and propensity score matching (PSM) analysis. Acute stroke severity was assessed using the National Institute of Heath's Stroke Severity Score (SSS) as a template. Results 1,609,817 patients were diagnosed with AIS between 2010 through 2019. 7468 (0.46%) had concomitant diagnoses of IBD. AIS patients with IBS were younger, more likely to be white and female, but less likely to be obese. Although IBD patients had comparable stroke severities (p  =  0.64) to their non-IBS counterparts, they received stroke intervention at statistically different rates than their non-IBD counterparts. Additionally, IBD patients had higher rates of in-hospital complications (p < 0.01) and longer lengths of stay (LOS) (p < 0.01). Conclusions IBD patients develop AIS at a younger age with similar rates of stroke severity to their non-IBD counterparts, but receive higher rates of tissue plasminogen activator administration and decreased rates of mechanical thrombectomy. Our research shows that patients with IBD are at risk for AIS at an earlier age and are more likely to have complications. This underlies a connection between IBD and a hypercoagulable state that could predispose patients to AIS.
Designing Well-Being: A Qualitative Investigation of Young Patients’ Perspectives on the Material Hospital Environment
Authors: Payam Shahin , Hossaini Jihad , Zaschka Katharina , Friedmann Anna , Mall Volker 
Published: May 2023

Background: Physical surroundings of healthcare facilities are suggested to influence young patients’ well-being and hospitalization experiences. Purpose: The current research seeks to understand young patients’ views and perspectives of the hospital lobby and inpatient rooms. Thus, a qualitative study was carried out in a social pediatric clinic for young patients with disabilities, developmental delays, behavioral problems, and chronic health conditions, that is undergoing reconstruction. Method: Operating from a critical realist position, the study employed arts-based methods in conjunction with semi-structured interviews. The data were explored by employing thematic analysis. Results: 37 young people between the age of four and 30 years participated in the study. The analysis illustrates that the built environment should contain comforting and joyful elements, while enabling patients’ autonomy. The ideal lobby was depicted as open and accessible and an ideal patient room as practical and adapted to personal needs. Conclusion: It is suggested that disabling and medicalized spatial arrangements and features may restrict young people’s sense of control and autonomy, while possibly posing a barrier to a health-promoting environment. Large and open spaces with comforting and distracting features are cherished by patients and may be embedded in a comprehensive, yet simple overall design and structural concept.
Swapping data: A pragmatic approach for enabling academic-industrial partnerships
Authors: Kasprzak Julia , Frey Simon , Oetlinger Hermann , Benedikt Westphalen C. , Erickson Nicole , Heinemann Volker , Nasseh Daniel 
Published: May 2023

Objectives Academic institutions have access to comprehensive sets of real-world data. However, their potential for secondary use—for example, in medical outcomes research or health care quality management—is often limited due to data privacy concerns. External partners could help achieve this potential, yet documented frameworks for such cooperation are lacking. Therefore, this work presents a pragmatic approach for enabling academic-industrial data partnerships in a health care environment. Methods We employ a value-swapping strategy to facilitate data sharing. Using tumor documentation and molecular pathology data, we define a data-altering process as well as rules for an organizational pipeline that includes the technical anonymization process. Results The resulting dataset was fully anonymized while still retaining the critical properties of the original data to allow for external development and the training of analytical algorithms. Conclusion Value swapping is a pragmatic, yet powerful method to balance data privacy and requirements for algorithm development; therefore, it is well suited to enable academic-industrial data partnerships.