bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unveiling the potential of rice rhizospheric microbes and indigenous organic sources for the management of rice blast
Authors: Rajeswari Emani , M Srinivas Prasad , Vidya Sagar B. , M Sheshu Madhav , Savani Ajit Kumar , Kannan C. , Maheshwari T. Uma , Devi G. Uma , Ramanjineyulu P. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe rice blast incited byPyricularia oryzaecaused immense losses and left rice production in a predicament situation globally. Blast can be effectively controlled with synthetic fungicides. However, their indiscriminate use causes resistance among the pathogens coupled with environmental pollution issues. Exploitation of microbe‐based alternatives for the management of plant diseases diminishes public concerns on the ill effects of pesticide usage in crops. Under this scenario the present investigation was designed to envisage the potential rhizosphere microflora from native rhizosphere soil samples collected from rice growing regions of three different agro‐climatic zones of (North Telangana Zone, Central Telangana Zone and Southern Telangana Zone) for the sustainable management of rice blast in Telangana state. We observed varied level of antagonism againstPyricularia oryzaeunder in vitro conditions. Seeds treated with native effective rhizospheric microflora exhibited significantly higher seed vigour index ranging from 1940.7 to 2183.6 compared to control. Further, these effective rhizospheric microbes were identified through cultural and morphological characteristics as well as by the sequencing internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis for bacteria and fungi asBacillus cereus,Bacillus xiamenensis,Bacillus subtilisandTrichoderma asperellumrespectively. Later, bio‐efficacy tests were carried out in the field during the 2 years of Kharif 2019 and 2021 by spraying the combinations of the antagonists in association with indigenous organic sources (Panchagavya, Beejamrutham and Vermiwash) and non‐chemical sources such as Butter milk and Neem oil on healthy rice plants to assess disease inhibition under natural conditions. Results obtained from present investigation on the field bio‐efficacy studies showed significant improvement in the seedling's growth with 83.36 cm plant height, 10.40 no of panicles with an average yield of 8583.33 kg ha−1, when compared to control during 2019 and 2021 with lower AUDPC and r value. Our findings indicate that the native rhizospheric microflora in association with indigenous organic sources can be used as potential alternative strategy for the management of rice blast in Telangana region of India. The knowledge gathered from the present study can be used to develop strategies for maintaining soil quality and crop conservation to increase crop productivity with less dependency on chemical approaches.
Melatonin inhibits atherosclerosis progression via galectin‐3 downregulation to enhance autophagy and inhibit inflammation
Authors: Wang Zitong , Gao Ziyu , Zheng Yinghong , Kou Jiayuan , Song Dan , Yu Xue , Dong Bowen , Chen Tianzuo , Yang Yan , Gao Xi , Wang Qianxue , Ye Ting , Yang Wei , Zhang Xu , Li Hong , Yang Liming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAutophagy deficiency in macrophages exacerbates inflammation in atherosclerosis (AS), and recently, galectin‐3 (Gal‐3) has been implicated as a critical promoter of inflammation in AS. Further, melatonin (Mel) exerts an autophagy‐promoting effect in many chronic inflammatory diseases. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether Mel inhibits AS progression by downregulating Gal‐3 to enhance autophagy and inhibit inflammation. Thus, we performed in vivo and in vitro experiments using high‐fat diet (HFD)‐fed ApoE−/− mice and THP‐1 macrophages, respectively. Smart‐seq of AS plaque macrophages revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) downregulated by Mel were enriched in immune‐related processes, and changes in inflammation status were confirmed based on lower levels of proinflammatory factors in Mel‐treated HFD‐fed ApoE−/− mice and THP‐1 macrophages. Further, via transcriptome‐based multiscale network pharmacology platform (TMNP), the upstream target genes of the smart‐seq DEGs were identified, and Gal‐3 showed a high score. Gal‐3 was downregulated both in vivo and in vitro by Mel treatment. Besides, the enrichment of the target genes predicted via the TMNP method indicated that autophagy considerably affected the DEGs. Mel treatment as well as Gal‐3 knockdown downregulated most inflammatory response‐related proteins could attribute to enhancing autophagy. Mechanistically, Mel treatment inhibited Gal‐3 leading to lowering the activity of the nuclear transcription factor‐kappa B (NF‐κB) pathway, and promoting the nuclear localization of transcription factor EB (TFEB). However, increased secretion of Gal‐3 activated the phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway and impaired autophagy via binding to CD98. Thus, Mel promoted autophagy and restrained inflammation by downregulating Gal‐3, implying that it holds promise as a treatment for AS.
Re‐evaluating two popular EEG‐based mobile sleep‐monitoring devices for home use
Authors: Wood Emily , Westphal James K. , Lerner Itamar 
Published: January 2023

SummaryMobile sleep‐monitoring devices for consumer use have been gaining traction as a possible replacement to traditional polysomnography recordings. Such devices potentially offer detailed sleep analysis without requiring the use of designated sleep labs operated by qualified technicians. However, the accuracy of these mobile devices is often not sufficiently evaluated by independent researchers. Here, we compared the performance of two popular mobile electroencephalogram‐based systems, the DREEM 3 headband and the Zmachine Insight+. Both devices can be used by participants with minimal training, and provide detailed sleep scoring previously validated by the respective developers in comparison to the gold‐standard of polysomnography. A total of 25 participants used both devices simultaneously to record their sleep for two consecutive nights while also keeping a sleep log. We compared the devices' performance, both with each other and in relation to the sleep logs, using several well‐known sleep metrics. In addition, we developed a Bayesian lower limit for the devices' expected epoch‐by‐epoch sleep stage agreement based on their previously published agreement with polysomnography, and compared it with our empirical findings. Results suggest that the Zmachine tends to overestimate periods of wakefulness, likely at the expense of N1/N2 detection, whereas the DREEM tends to underestimate wakefulness and mistake it for N1/N2, with both results more pronounced than previously reported. In addition, we found that the agreement between the devices tends to increase from night 1 to night 2. We formulate several recommendations for how best to use these devices based on our results.
Effect of time and autologous serum addition on the analysis of cerebrospinal fluid in horses
Authors: Quattrini Camilla , Scalco Rebeca , Vernau William , Dini Pouya , Aleman Monica 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is highly labile and delayed processing might alter results of analysis.Hypothesis/ObjectivesTo determine the effects of time and addition of autologous serum on cytological evaluation of CSF.AnimalsTen client‐owned adult horses requiring euthanasia.MethodsProspective study. Serum and CSF were collected from each horse before and within 10 minutes after euthanasia. CSF samples were divided into 15 aliquots (2 mL each); 1 aliquot was submitted for routine CSF analysis within 60 minutes of collection. Four drops of autologous serum were added to 7 of the aliquots, and stored at 4°C (serum group); the remaining 7 samples were stored unaltered at 4°C (control group). Total nucleated cell count (TNCC) and cell morphology score were done at T4, T8, T12, T24, T48, T72, and T96 hours after collection. Protein concentration was measured in the control group at T0 and T96 hours.ResultsThe cell morphology scores were significantly different in the control group at T48 (median 2, range 0‐4), T72 (2, 0‐4), and T96 (3, 0‐4) in comparison to T0 (1). No change was observed in the serum group. TNCC remained stable over time in both groups. No statistically significant difference in CSF protein concentration was found between T0 and T96.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceThe addition of autologous serum to an aliquot of CSF sample before shipping improves the preservation of cell morphology up to 96 hours after collection.
Dispossessed by norms like autonomy: Rethinking relational autobiography with Butler and Berlant
Authors: Schoof Kim 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFrom the 1980s onwards, relationality has been a key term in autobiography scholarship and life‐writing studies, as it describes how the self in many instances of autobiographical literature emerges in relation to others. Yet, confusion reigns about the exact meaning and applicability of the term relational autobiography. Are all works of autobiographical literature to an extent relational, or only those in which the author's relationships with others form a central theme? Or is relational autobiography a genre on its own; a contemporary genre, clearly distinguished from the traditional genre of the autonomous autobiography? This article casts new light on the history of relationality and autonomy as concepts in autobiography studies, and suggests that contemporary works of relational autobiography ask for an approach of their relationality that does not place it in opposition with autonomy. Adopting the account of relationality developed by Judith Butler and Lauren Berlant's perspective on affective attachments to generic conventions, this article proposes to understand relationality in autobiographical texts as both their “dispossession by” and “working upon” generic norms for autobiographical writing such as depicting oneself as an autonomous being.
Does histological prostatic inflammation during transurethral resection of the prostate for bladder outlet obstruction affect post‐operative urinary outcomes?
Authors: Arora Bharti , Khan Munad , Pridgeon Simon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveBenign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is a common cause for bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men. The pathophysiology of BPH is multifactorial and inflammation has been linked with progression of BPH and LUTS. The association between histological prostatitis found at transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) and adverse post‐operative urinary outcomes is not clearly defined. Our aim was to evaluate the association between histological prostatitis and adverse post‐operative urinary outcomes following TURP procedure.MethodsPatients who had undergone TURP for BPH at a single institution between 2014 and 2018 were included. The study population was divided into three cohorts: those with no histological inflammation, those with any form of inflammation and those specifically with prostatic stromal inflammation. Functional outcomes were assessed by defining a series of measurable post‐operative “LUTS events” and comparing these to time‐to‐event profile using a Kaplan–Meier estimator.ResultsA total 198 patients were included (no inflammation n = 101; any inflammation n = 97, prostatic stromal inflammation n = 81). All three groups were comparable in terms of baseline characteristics. The any inflammation group had significantly more adverse post‐operative outcomes after TURP compared to the no inflammation group, P = 0.0065. The stromal inflammation group had more LUTS events after surgery compared to the no inflammation groups in the first year of follow‐up n = 0.011; over a 5‐year follow‐up period the results were not statistically significant, P = 0.244.ConclusionHistological prostatitis is associated with worse urinary outcomes after TURP compared to no inflammation. These results are useful in improving prognostic discussions with patients after TURP.
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi enhance plant phosphorus uptake through stimulating hyphosphere soil microbiome functional profiles for phosphorus turnover
Authors: Wang Guiwei , Jin Zexing , George Timothy S. , Feng Gu , Zhang Lin 
Published: January 2023

Summary
The extraradical hyphae of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are colonized by different bacteria in natural and agricultural systems, but the mechanisms by which AM fungi interact with the hyphosphere soil microbiome and influence soil organic phosphorus (P) mobilization remain unclear.
We grew Medicago in two‐compartment microcosms, inoculated with Rhizophagus irregularis, or not, in the root compartment and set up P treatments (without P, with P addition as KH2PO4 or nonsoluble phytate) in the hyphal compartment. We studied the processes of soil P turnover and characterized the microbiome functional profiles for P turnover in the hyphosphere soil by metagenomic sequencing.
Compared with the bulk soil, the hyphosphere soil of R. irregularis was inhabited by a specific bacterial community and their functional profiles for P turnover was stimulated. At the species level, the shift in hyphosphere soil microbiome was characterized by the recruitment of the genome bin2.39 harbouring both gcd and phoD genes and genome bin2.97 harbouring the phoD gene, which synergistically drove nonsoluble phytate mobilization in the hyphosphere soil.
Our results suggest that AM fungi recruits a specific hyphosphere soil microbiome and stimulated their functional profiles for P turnover to enhance utilization of phytate.
WHO guidelines on biosimilars: Toward improved access to safe and effective products
Authors: Kang Hye‐Na , Wadhwa Meenu , Knezevic Ivana , Ondari Clive , Simao Mariangela 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe World Health Assembly resolution on access to biotherapeutics in 2014 urges WHO and Member States to facilitate access to biotherapeutics while ensuring their quality, safety, and efficacy. While efforts to date have contributed to increased availability and better access to biotherapeutics, including biosimilars, huge gaps still remain, with lack of product access identified as a problem in many countries. A thorough review of the WHO guidelines on biosimilars issued in 2009 in view of technical developments, accumulated and emerging scientific evidence as well as experience in biosimilar evaluation since the release of the guidelines provided an opportunity to introduce greater flexibility and to reduce regulatory requirements in biosimilar development where possible. Based on the identification, draft revisions of the WHO guidelines were prepared with input from extensive consultation with various stakeholders and the broader public. The move toward a greater emphasis on quality and functional in vitro assessment enables the reduction of cost and timelines of development and supports streamlined regulatory approval as a first critical step toward product availability. This article includes the key updates that have been incorporated in the revised guidelines but are not restricted to these alone and should be read in conjunction with the guidelines.
The development of the NOURISHING and MOVING benchmarking tools to monitor and evaluate national governments' nutrition and physical activity policies to address obesity in the European region
Authors: Vlad Ioana , Oldridge‐Turner Kate , Klepp Knut‐Inge , Rutter Harry , Mathisen Jonas Rekdal , Helleve Arnfinn , Fismen Anne‐Siri , Harbron Janetta , Hendricks Gaironeesa , Malczyk Sonia , Sing Fiona , Kokkorou Margarita , Fanian Diva , O'Mara Jennifer , Mitrou Giota , Wiseman Martin , Allen Kate 
Published: January 2023

SummaryDespite assurances of government action, the burden of non‐communicable diseases (NCDs) and overweight and obesity is continuing to grow at an alarming rate both globally and in Europe. The NOURISHING and MOVING policy frameworks outline a comprehensive set of policy actions across 6 domains and 16 policy areas in which national governments should take action to promote healthy diets and physical activity. Monitoring and benchmarking these policies is important for assessing progress on obesity and NCD prevention. This paper describes the participatory process for developing benchmarking tools structured around the policy areas of the NOURISHING and MOVING policy frameworks. They consist of a set of indicators and policy attributes that assess government support in promoting healthy nutrition and physical activity. They are adolescent relevant as they capture policy actions that target or impact adolescents. The benchmarking tools are designed to monitor progress on national government action on nutrition and physical activity based on aspirational standards. They will be applied in 27 European countries initially and are aimed at policymakers, researchers, and civil society, to track progress, develop the research infrastructure on effectiveness of NCD prevention policies at population level, and support advocacy efforts.
Ca2+ deficiency triggers panicle degeneration in rice mediated by Ca2+/H+ exchanger OsCAX1a
Authors: Gan Quan , Song Fengshun , Zhang Chuanzhong , Han Zhongmin , Teng Bin , Lin Cuixiang , Gu Dongfang , Wang Jiajia , Pei Huan , Wu Ji , Fang Jun , Ni Dahu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIncreasing rice yield has always been one of the primary objectives of rice breeding. However, panicle degeneration often occurs in rice‐growing regions and severely curbs rice yield. In this study, we obtained a new apical panicle degeneration mutant, which induces a marked degeneration rate and diminishes the final grain yield. Cellular and physiological analyses revealed that the apical panicle undergoes programmed cell death, accompanied by excessive accumulations of peroxides. Following, the panicle degeneration gene OsCAX1a was identified in the mutant, which was involved in Ca2+ transport. Hydroponics assays and Ca2+ quantification confirmed that Ca2+ transport and distribution to apical tissues were restricted and over‐accumulated in the mutant sheath. Ca2+ transport between cytoplasm and vacuole was affected, and the reduced Ca2+ content in the vacuole and cell wall of the apical panicle and the decreased Ca2+ absorption appeared in the mutant. RNA‐Seq data indicated that the abnormal CBL (calcineurin b‐like proteins) pathway mediated by deficient Ca2+ might occur in the mutant, resulting in the burst of ROS and programmed cell death in panicles. Our results explained the key role of OsCAX1a in Ca2+ transport and distribution and laid a foundation to further explore the genetic and molecular mechanisms of panicle degeneration in rice.
Brief report: Areolar melanosis in a girl with precocious puberty
Authors: Frangos Jason E. , Amini Andrew E. , Schmidt Birgitta , Ganske Ingrid M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe report a case of melanosis of the areola in a 7‐year‐old girl with early thelarche. Areolar melanosis is a rare condition previously only described in women over 25 years of age, often in the setting of pregnancy. This case supports a theory that hyperpigmentation may be associated with increased sensitivity to hormonal stimulation in areas with greater populations of melanocytes.
Recent advances in crustacean genomics and their potential application in aquaculture
Authors: Yuan Jianbo , Yu Yang , Zhang Xiaojun , Li Shihao , Xiang Jianhai , Li Fuhua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGenomic resources are increasingly being used to improve the production efficiency and profitability of aquaculture. Crustaceans are a large group of invertebrates that encompasses some of the most important farmed species in the aquaculture industry. However, very few crustacean genomes have been published although an aquaculture genome project was proposed as early as 1997. Breakthroughs in next‐generation and third‐generation sequencing technologies and the development of high‐complexity sequence assembly strategies have promoted the publication of an increasing number of crustacean genomes, thus paving a broad way for biological and genetic studies and applications in aquaculture. In this review, we summarize recent advances in crustacean genomic research as of June 2022, including genome sequencing and assembly, genomic characteristics, and the genetic mechanisms underlying various biological phenotypes, such as environmental adaptation, lifestyle, development, and sex determination. This review also discusses the application of crustacean genomes in aquaculture, including genetic dissection of economic traits and genome‐based selective breeding via genome‐wide association studies and genomic selection. High‐quality genomes are important not only for understanding the genetic basis of biologically and economically important traits but also for the genetic improvement of aquaculture species. However, the utilization of crustacean genomics still lags far behind those in other animals. Therefore, additional multi‐omics studies and technological development are needed to accelerate the application of genomics in aquaculture.
System justification motivation as a source of backlash against equality‐promoting policies—and what to do about it
Authors: Liaquat Usman , Jost John T. , Balcetis Emily 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOne of the most pressing tasks facing policymakers in the 21st century is reducing stark group‐based inequalities that have developed within many societies because of centuries of structural discrimination. However, efforts to redress group disparities through equality‐promoting policies are frequently met with policy backlash and countermobilization. We describe several social psychological contributors to policy backlash, distinguishing between identity‐based and ideology‐based processes. While the role of identity politics in driving support and opposition to policies pertaining to race, gender, and sexual orientation is well‐known, less attention has been given to the role of ideological motivation, including individual and group differences in system justification tendencies to defend and bolster the societal status quo. In this article, we develop a framework based on system justification theory to understand why backlash against equality‐promoting policies occurs, when such backlash is most likely to occur, and who is most likely to be countermobilized against such policies. From this perspective, policy backlash is motivated not only by the desire on the part of advantaged group members to maintain their own existing privileges but also by the broader desire to maintain the perceived legitimacy and stability of the overarching social system. We make recommendations about how leaders can develop and communicate about equality‐promoting policies in a way that reduces the likelihood of backlash due to system justification motivation.
Building digital escape rooms for learning: From theory to practice
Authors: Pornsakulpaisal Romket , Ahmed Zara , Bok Harold , de Carvalho Filho Marco Antonio , Goka Smruthik , Li Lauren , Patki Aditya , Salari Shaudee , Sooknarine Vitallia , Yap Sook Woon , Moffett Jenny 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDigital games are increasingly used to support learning across a diverse range of cognitive, affective and psychomotor domains in health professions education. Game‐based learning will likely become an important competency for educators. However, educators can perceive game building as out of their reach due to a lack of expertise in digital technology. This toolbox offers advice to health professions educators who would like to build a simple game for learning known as a digital educational escape room.