bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Prognostic analysis and nomogram establishment in patients with early esophageal cancer receiving endoscopic therapy: a population-based study
Authors: Sun Danping , Yi Jun , Gong Lingqi , Wu Yu , Liu Xiaowei 
Published: May 2023

Background: The growing numbers of early esophageal cancer (EEC) have increased the demand for endoscopic therapy. Objectives: To clarify the influential factors for the prognosis of patients with EEC receiving endoscopic surgery, and to construct a nomogram to evaluate the prognostic value of endoscopic therapy. Design: Prognostic analysis study. Methods: Clinical data of EEC patients who received endoscopic therapy between 2004 and 2015 were collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database and used to construct the nomogram. The prognosis was analyzed by R language; the nomogram was constructed by Cox survival analysis; and the accuracy of the nomogram was verified by C index and the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves. X-Tile software was used to stratify the risk of patients. Results: Our study constructed the nomogram of the prognosis of patients with EEC treated by endoscopic surgery, including 1118 patients and 5 independent prognostic factors of esophageal cancer-specific survival. The C index and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the training and verification cohorts were all >0.75. The calibration curve also reflected the good consistency of the model in predicting survival. Significant difference in the risk of patients from different stratifications with the same T staging existed, and the model had a better C index than that of the T staging. Conclusion: Our study reports potential influential factors affecting the prognosis of EEC patients who received endoscopic therapy and establishes a reliable nomogram to predict the risk and prognosis, which has certain advantages compared with traditional TNM staging system.
Mental health support for and telehealth use by Australians living with borderline personality disorder during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic: A national study
Authors: Heidari Parvaneh , Broadbear Jillian H , Brown Rita , Dharwadkar Nitin P , Rao Sathya 
Published: May 2023

Objective To investigate mental health service use and telehealth experience of people living with BPD in Australia during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods An online survey was used to collect data from people who self-identified with a diagnosis of BPD. Results One hundred and sixty-nine survey responses were included in the analysis. More than half of participants acknowledged receiving information from their health service about resources that they could use if they become distressed. More than 70% of participants used telehealth for receiving mental health services; the majority used telehealth to consult a psychologist or to obtain prescriptions. Telehealth sessions were conducted over the phone, via videoconferencing, or using a mix of the two. While using telehealth, some participants found it more difficult to control their impulses to self-harm, to express thoughts about self-harm and suicide, to control feelings of anger, and to establish and maintain agreed treatment boundaries. Thematic analysis of participants’ experiences of telehealth identified five main themes: Communication challenges, Technology challenges, Privacy concerns, Benefits of telehealth, and Personal preferences. Conclusion The study findings revealed a variety of positive and negative consumer experiences. While the majority of participants found telehealth somewhat benefitted their mental health, challenges were also reported which raise concerns about the broader utility and effectiveness of telehealth.
Mental distress and virtual mental health resource use amid the COVID-19 pandemic: Findings from a cross-sectional study in Canada
Authors: Goodyear Trevor , Richardson Chris , Aziz Bilal , Slemon Allie , Gadermann Anne , Daly Zachary , McAuliffe Corey , Pumarino Javiera , Thomson Kimberly C , Jenkins Emily K 
Published: May 2023

Objective This paper characterizes levels of mental distress among adults living in Canada amid the COVID-19 pandemic and examines the extent of virtual mental health resource use, including reasons for non-use, among adults with moderate to severe distress. Methods Data are drawn from a cross-sectional monitoring survey (29 November to 7 December 2021) on the mental health of adults ( N  =  3030) in Canada during the pandemic. Levels of mental distress were assessed using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale. Descriptive statistics were used to examine virtual mental health resource use among participants with moderate to severe distress, including self-reported reasons for non-use. Results Levels of mental distress were classified as none to low (48.8% of participants), moderate (36.6%), and severe (14.6%). Virtual mental health resource use was endorsed by 14.2% of participants with moderate distress and 32% of those with severe distress. Participants with moderate to severe distress reported a range of reasons for not using virtual mental health resources, including not feeling as though they needed help (37.4%), not thinking the supports would be helpful (26.2%), and preferring in-person supports (23.4%), among other reasons. Conclusions This study identified a high burden of mental distress among adults in Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic alongside an apparent mismatch between actual and perceived need for support, including through virtual mental health resources. Findings on virtual mental health resource use, and reasons for non-use, offer directions for mental health promotion and health communication related to mental health literacy and the awareness and appropriateness of virtual mental health resources.
Computer vision quantitation of erythrocyte shape abnormalities provides diagnostic, prognostic, and mechanistic insight
Authors: Foy Brody H. , Stefely Jonathan A. , Bendapudi Pavan K. , Hasserjian Robert P. , Al-Samkari Hanny , Louissaint Abner , Fitzpatrick Megan J. , Hutchison Bailey , Mow Christopher , Collins Julia , Patel Hasmukh R. , Patel Chhaya H. , Patel Nikita , Ho Samantha N. , Kaufman Richard M. , Dzik Walter H. , Higgins John M. , Makar Robert S. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Examination of red blood cell (RBC) morphology in peripheral blood smears can help diagnose hematologic diseases, even in resource-limited settings, but this analysis remains subjective and semiquantitative with low throughput. Prior attempts to develop automated tools have been hampered by their poor reproducibility and limited clinical validation. Here, we present a novel, open-source machine-learning approach (denoted as RBC-diff) to quantify abnormal RBCs in peripheral smear images and generate an RBC morphology differential. RBC-diff cell counts showed high accuracy for single-cell classification (mean AUC, 0.93) and quantitation across smears (mean R2, 0.76 compared with experts, interexperts R2, 0.75). RBC-diff counts were concordant with the clinical morphology grading for 300 000+ images and recovered the expected pathophysiologic signals in diverse clinical cohorts. Criteria using RBC-diff counts distinguished thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura and hemolytic uremic syndrome from other thrombotic microangiopathies, providing greater specificity than clinical morphology grading (72% vs 41%; P &lt; .001) while maintaining high sensitivity (94% to 100%). Elevated RBC-diff schistocyte counts were associated with increased 6-month all-cause mortality in a cohort of 58 950 inpatients (9.5% mortality for schist. &gt;1%, vs 4.7% for schist; &lt;0.5%; P &lt; .001) after controlling for comorbidities, demographics, clinical morphology grading, and blood count indices. RBC-diff also enabled the estimation of single-cell volume-morphology distributions, providing insight into the influence of morphology on routine blood count measures. Our codebase and expert-annotated images are included here to spur further advancement. These results illustrate that computer vision can enable rapid and accurate quantitation of RBC morphology, which may provide value in both clinical and research contexts.
Drugs activating hypoxia-inducible factors correct erythropoiesis and hepcidin levels via renal EPO induction in mice
Authors: Nakai Taku , Iwamura Yuma , Kato Koichiro , Hirano Ikuo , Matsumoto Yotaro , Tomioka Yoshihisa , Yamamoto Masayuki , Suzuki Norio 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The erythroid growth factor erythropoietin (EPO) is mainly produced by the kidneys in adult mammals and induces expansion of erythroid cells and iron use for hemoglobin synthesis. The liver also produces EPO at a lower level than the kidneys. Renal and hepatic EPO production is fundamentally regulated by hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs) in a hypoxia/anemia-inducible manner. Recently, small compounds that activate HIFs and EPO production in the kidneys by inhibiting HIF-prolyl hydroxylases (HIF-PHIs) have been launched to treat EPO-deficiency anemia in patients with kidney disease. However, the roles of the liver in the HIF-PHI–mediated induction of erythropoiesis and iron mobilization remain controversial. Here, to elucidate the liver contributions to the therapeutic effects of HIF-PHIs, genetically modified mouse lines lacking renal EPO-production ability were analyzed. In the mutant mice, HIF-PHI administration marginally increased plasma EPO concentrations and peripheral erythrocytes by inducing hepatic EPO production. The effects of HIF-PHIs on the mobilization of stored iron and on the suppression of hepatic hepcidin, an inhibitory molecule for iron release from iron-storage cells, were not observed in the mutant mice. These findings demonstrate that adequate induction of EPO mainly in the kidney is essential for achieving the full therapeutic effects of HIF-PHIs, which include hepcidin suppression. The data also show that HIF-PHIs directly induce the expression of duodenal genes related to dietary iron intake. Furthermore, hepatic EPO induction is considered to partially contribute to the erythropoietic effects of HIF-PHIs but to be insufficient to compensate for the abundant EPO induction by the kidneys.
An Adaptive Hand Exoskeleton for Teleoperation System
Authors: Wei Wei , Zhou Bangda , Fan Bingfei , Du Mingyu , Bao Guanjun , Cai Shibo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTeleoperation can assist people to complete various complex tasks in inaccessible or high-risk environments, in which a wearable hand exoskeleton is one of the key devices. Adequate adaptability would be available to enable the master hand exoskeleton to capture the motion of human fingers and reproduce the contact force between the slave hand and its object. This paper presents a novel finger exoskeleton based on the cascading four-link closed-loop kinematic chain. Each finger has an independent closed-loop kinematic chain, and the angle sensors are used to obtain the finger motion including the flexion/extension and the adduction/abduction. The cable tension is changed by the servo motor to transmit the contact force to the fingers in real time. Based on the finger exoskeleton, an adaptive hand exoskeleton is consequently developed. In addition, the hand exoskeleton is tested in a master–slave system. The experiment results show that the adaptive hand exoskeleton can be worn without any mechanical constraints, and the slave hand can follow the motions of each human finger. The accuracy and the real-time capability of the force reproduction are validated. The proposed adaptive hand exoskeleton can be employed as the master hand to remotely control the humanoid five-fingered dexterous slave hand, thus, enabling the teleoperation system to complete complex dexterous manipulation tasks.
Gene expression of male pathway genes sox9 and amh during early sex differentiation in a reptile departs from the classical amniote model
Authors: Wagner Susan , Whiteley Sarah L. , Castelli Meghan , Patel Hardip R. , Deveson Ira W. , Blackburn James , Holleley Clare E. , Marshall Graves Jennifer A. , Georges Arthur 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Sex determination is the process whereby the bipotential embryonic gonads become committed to differentiate into testes or ovaries. In genetic sex determination (GSD), the sex determining trigger is encoded by a gene on the sex chromosomes, which activates a network of downstream genes; in mammals these include SOX9, AMH and DMRT1 in the male pathway, and FOXL2 in the female pathway. Although mammalian and avian GSD systems have been well studied, few data are available for reptilian GSD systems.

Results
We conducted an unbiased transcriptome-wide analysis of gonad development throughout differentiation in central bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps) embryos with GSD. We found that sex differentiation of transcriptomic profiles occurs at a very early stage, before the gonad consolidates as a body distinct from the gonad-kidney complex. The male pathway genes dmrt1 and amh and the female pathway gene foxl2 play a key role in early sex differentiation in P. vitticeps, but the central player of the mammalian male trajectory, sox9, is not differentially expressed in P. vitticeps at the bipotential stage. The most striking difference from GSD systems of other amniotes is the high expression of the male pathway genes amh and sox9 in female gonads during development. We propose that a default male trajectory progresses if not repressed by a W-linked dominant gene that tips the balance of gene expression towards the female trajectory.
Further, weighted gene expression correlation network analysis revealed novel candidates for male and female sex differentiation.

Conclusion
Our data reveal that interpretation of putative mechanisms of GSD in reptiles cannot solely depend on lessons drawn from mammals.
Investigating the genetic components of tuber bruising in a breeding population of tetraploid potatoes
Authors: Angelin-Bonnet Olivia , Thomson Susan , Vignes Matthieu , Biggs Patrick J. , Monaghan Katrina , Bloomer Rebecca , Wright Kathryn , Baldwin Samantha 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Tuber bruising in tetraploid potatoes (Solanum tuberosum) is a trait of economic importance, as it affects tubers’ fitness for sale. Understanding the genetic components affecting tuber bruising is a key step in developing potato lines with increased resistance to bruising. As the tetraploid setting renders genetic analyses more complex, there is still much to learn about this complex phenotype. Here, we used capture sequencing data on a panel of half-sibling populations from a breeding programme to perform a genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) for tuber bruising. In addition, we collected transcriptomic data to enrich the GWAS results. However, there is currently no satisfactory method to represent both GWAS and transcriptomics analysis results in a single visualisation and to compare them with existing knowledge about the biological system under study.

Results
When investigating population structure, we found that the STRUCTURE algorithm yielded greater insights than discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC). Importantly, we found that markers with the highest (though non-significant) association scores were consistent with previous findings on tuber bruising. In addition, new genomic regions were found to be associated with tuber bruising. The GWAS results were backed by the transcriptomics differential expression analysis. The differential expression notably highlighted for the first time the role of two genes involved in cellular strength and mechanical force sensing in tuber resistance to bruising. We proposed a new visualisation, the HIDECAN plot, to integrate the results from the genomics and transcriptomics analyses, along with previous knowledge about genomic regions and candidate genes associated with the trait.

Conclusion
This study offers a unique genome-wide exploration of the genetic components of tuber bruising. The role of genetic components affecting cellular strength and resistance to physical force, as well as mechanosensing mechanisms, was highlighted for the first time in the context of tuber bruising. We showcase the usefulness of genomic data from breeding programmes in identifying genomic regions whose association with the trait of interest merit further investigation. We demonstrate how confidence in these discoveries and their biological relevance can be increased by integrating results from transcriptomics analyses. The newly proposed visualisation provides a clear framework to summarise of both genomics and transcriptomics analyses, and places them in the context of previous knowledge on the trait of interest.
First case report of splenomegaly with splenic infarction due to aortic graft infection
Authors: Kim Yuntae , Ishikawa Kazuhiro , Kawai Fujimi , Mori Nobuyoshi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Diagnosis of aortic graft infections (AGI) is challenging. Here, we report a case of AGI with splenomegaly and splenic infarction.

Case presentation
A 46-year-old man who underwent total arch replacement for Stanford type A acute aortic dissection one year prior presented to our department with fever, night sweat, and a 20-kg weight loss over several months. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) revealed splenic infarction with splenomegaly, fluid collection, and thrombus around the stent graft. Positron emission tomography-CT (PET-CT) revealed abnormal 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the stent graft and spleen. Transesophageal echocardiography revealed no vegetations. The patient was diagnosed with an AGI and underwent graft replacement. Blood and tissue cultures in the stent graft yielded Enterococcus faecalis. After the surgery, the patient was successfully treated with antibiotics.

Conclusions
Splenic infarction and splenomegaly are the clinical findings of endocarditis but are rare in graft infection. These findings could be helpful to diagnose graft infections, which is often challenging.
A rapid review of evaluated interventions to inform the development of a resource to support the resilience of care home nurses
Authors: Mallon Anita , Mitchell Gary , Carter Gillian , McLaughlin Derek , Wilson Christine Brown 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgoundNurses working in care homes face significant challenges that are unique to that context. The importance of effective resilience building interventions as a strategy to enable recovery and growth in these times of uncertainty have been advocated. The aim of this rapid review was to inform the development of a resource to support the resilience of care home nurses. We explored existing empirical evidence as to the efficacy of resilience building interventions. undertaken with nurses.MethodsWe undertook a rapid review using quantitative studies published in peer reviewed journals that reported resilience scores using a valid and reliable scale before and after an intervention aimed at supporting nurse resilience. The databases; Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Medline and PsychInfo. and the Cochrane Library were searched. The searches were restricted to studies published between January 2011 and October 2021 in the English language. Only studies that reported using a validated tool to measure resilience before and after the interventions were included.ResultsFifteen studies were included in this rapid review with over half of the studies taking place in the USA. No studies reported on an intervention to support resilience with care home nurses. The interventions focused primarily on hospital-based nurses in general and specialist contexts. The interventions varied in duration content and mode of delivery, with interventions incorporating mindfulness techniques, cognitive reframing and holistic approaches to building and sustaining resilience. Thirteen of the fifteen studies selected demonstrated an increase in resilience scores as measured by validated and reliable scales. Those studies incorporating ‘on the job,’ easily accessible practices that promote self-awareness and increase sense of control reported significant differences in pre and post intervention resilience scores.ConclusionNurses continue to face significant challenges, their capacity to face these challenges can be nurtured through interventions focused on strengthening individual resources. The content, duration, and mode of delivery of interventions to support resilience should be tailored through co-design processes to ensure they are both meaningful and responsive to differing contexts and populations.
The bidirectional relationship between chronic joint pain and frailty: data from the Investigating Musculoskeletal Health and Wellbeing cohort
Authors: Chaplin Wendy J. , McWilliams Daniel F. , Millar Bonnie S. , Gladman John R. F. , Walsh David A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Pain and frailty are associated, but this relationship is insufficiently understood. We aimed to test whether there is a unidirectional or bidirectional relationship between joint pain and frailty.

Methods
Data were from Investigating Musculoskeletal Health and Wellbeing, a UK-based cohort. Average joint pain severity over the previous month was assessed using an 11-point numerical rating scale (NRS). Frailty was classified as present/absent using the FRAIL questionnaire. Multivariable regression assessed the association between joint pain and frailty, adjusted for age, sex, and BMI class. Two-wave cross-lagged path modelling permitted simultaneous exploration of plausible causal pathways between pain intensity and frailty at baseline and 1-year. Transitions were assessed using t-tests.

Results
One thousand one hundred seventy-nine participants were studied, 53% female, with a median age of 73 (range 60 to 95) years. FRAIL classified 176 (15%) participants as frail at baseline. Mean (SD) baseline pain score was 5.2 (2.5). Pain NRS ≥ 4 was observed in 172 (99%) of frail participants.
Pain severity was associated with frailty at baseline (aOR 1.72 (95%CI 1.56 to 1.92)). In cross-lagged path analysis, higher baseline pain predicted 1-year frailty [β = 0.25, (95%CI 0.14 to 0.36), p < 0.001] and baseline frailty predicted higher 1-year pain [β = 0.06, (95%CI 0.003 to 0.11), p = 0.040]. Participants transitioning to frailty over one year had higher mean pain scores (6.4 (95%CI 5.8 to 7.1)) at baseline than those who remained non-frail (4.7 (95%CI 4.5 to 4.8)), p < 0.001.

Conclusions
The bidirectional relationship between pain and frailty could lead to a vicious cycle in which each accelerates the other’s progression. This justifies attempts to prevent frailty by addressing pain and to include pain measures as an outcome in frailty studies.