bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Molecular evidence for new foodways in the early colonial Caribbean: organic residue analysis at Isla de Mona, Puerto Rico
Authors: Briggs Lisa , Cooper Jago , Craig Oliver E. , Heron Carl , Lucquin Alexandre , Milantchi María Mercedes Martínez , Samson Alice 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCeramic objects account for over 90% of the cultural material recovered from archaeological sites in the Caribbean. However, little research has been conducted on molecular evidence for past food production from these same vessels. Forty ceramic sherds from Isla de Mona have been analysed by GC–MS and GC-C-IRMS in order to address questions surrounding foodways in the Greater Antilles prior to and post European arrival. We evaluate evidence for dietary changes to illuminate aspects of cultural exchange between Indigenous populations and the first generations of Spanish colonists. Here, we show that plant residues are found in a variety of pottery forms, with some evidence for non-ruminant and ruminant fats. The dearth of marine biomarkers is curious given the volume of fish bones found in archaeological contexts on Isla de Mona and may offer evidence for spit-roasting, pit-roasting, or the use of a ‘barbacoa’ to cook fish on the island. The ubiquity of plant residues in a variety of pottery forms may relate to the large-scale cultivation and export of cassava (Manihot esculenta) from the island. A Spanish olive jar revealed evidence of wine residues, which may constitute the earliest detection of wine residues in pottery found in the Americas.
Review and Comparison of US, EU, and UK Regulations on Cyber Risk/Security of the Current Blockchain Technologies: Viewpoint from 2023
Authors: Radanliev Petar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe first cryptocurrency was invented in 2008/09, but the Blockchain-Web3 concept is still in its infancy, and the cyber risk is constantly changing. Cybersecurity should also be adapting to these changes to ensure security of personal data and continuation of operations. This article starts with a comparison of existing cybersecurity standards and regulations from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO)—ISO27001, followed by a discussion on more specific and recent standards and regulations, such as the Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA), Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures and the International Organisation of Securities Commissions (CPMI-IOSCO), and more general cryptography (and post-quantum cryptography), in the context of cybersecurity. These topics are followed up by a review of recent technical reports on cyber risk/security and a discussion on cloud security questions. Comparison of Blockchain cyber risk is also performed on the recent EU standards on cyber security, including European Cybersecurity Certification Scheme (EUCS)—cloud, and US standards—The National Vulnerability Database (NVD) Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS). The study includes a review of Blockchain endpoint security, and new technologies e.g., IoT. The research methodology applied is a review and case study analysing secondary data on cybersecurity. The research significance is the integration of knowledge from the United States (US), the European Union (EU), the United Kingdom (UK), and international standards and frameworks on cybersecurity that can be alighted to new Blockchain projects. The results show that cybersecurity standards are not designed in close cooperation between the two major western blocks: US and EU. In addition, while the US is still leading in this area, the security standards for cryptocurrencies, internet-of-things, and blockchain technologies have not evolved as fast as the technologies have. The key finding from this study is that although the crypto-market has grown into a multi-trillion industry, the crypto-market has also lost over 70% since its peak, causing significant financial loss for individuals and cooperation’s. Despite this significant impact to individuals and society, cybersecurity standards and financial governance regulations are still in their infancy, specifically in the UK.
Attenuation of acid rock drainage by stimulating sulfur-reducing bacteria
Authors: Byl Thomas D. , Oniszczak Ronald , Fall Diarra , Byl Petra K. , Bradley Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIron-sulfide minerals found in shale formations are stable under anaerobic conditions. However, in the presence of oxygen and water, acid-loving chemolithotrophic bacteria can transform the iron-sulfide minerals into a toxic solution of sulfuric acid and dissolved iron and minerals known as acid rock drainage (ARD). The objective of this study was to disrupt chemolithotrophic bacteria responsible for ARD using chemical treatments and to foster an environment favorable for competing microorganisms to attenuate the biologically induced ARD. Chemical treatments were injected into flow-through microcosms consisting of 501 g of pyrite-rich shale pieces inoculated with ARD bacteria. Three treatments were tested in the microcosms: (1) a sodium hydroxide-bleach mix, (2) a sodium lactate solution, and (3) a sodium lactate-soy infant formula mix. The effectiveness of the treatments was assessed by monitoring pH, dissolved iron, and other geochemical constituents in the discharge waters. The optimal treatment was a sequential injection of 1.5 g sodium hydroxide, followed by 0.75 g lactate and 1.5 g soy formula dissolved in 20 mL water. The pH of the discharge water rose to 6.0 within 10 days, dissolved iron concentrations dropped below 1 mg/L, the median alkalinity increased to 98 mg/L CaCO3, and sulfur-reducing and slime-producing bacteria populations were stimulated. The ARD attenuating benefits of this treatment were still evident after 231 days. Other treatments provided a number of ARD attenuating effects but were tempered by problems such as high phosphate concentrations, short longevity, or other shortcomings. The results of these laboratory microcosm experiments were promising for the attenuation of ARD. Additional investigations and careful selection of treatment methods will be needed for field application.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Mindfulness and Acceptance Research in Sports from 1969 to 2021
Authors: Birrer Daniel , Scalvedi Beatrice , Frings Nina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This study aimed to comprehensively summarize the historical developments, most prolific literature, countries, institutions, and journals related to mindfulness and acceptance research in sports from 1969 to 2021 as well as to identify active research areas and emerging trends, and anticipate future directions using bibliometrics.

Method
Using “mindfulness *” OR “meditation *” AND “sport *” OR “athletic performance *” OR “athlete *” as search terms, we conducted a search of articles and review articles in the Web of Science core database, obtaining a descriptive summary of the relevant bibliometric data. Keyword co-occurrence networks were visualized using VOSviewer. CiteSpace was used to identify article citation bursts.

Results
A total of 186 publications fulfilling the inclusion criteria were identified. Of these, 64 also included the keyword acceptance. The first article on mindfulness and sports was published in 1977. The first article with the additional search term “acceptance *” was published in 2004. The first randomized controlled trial (RCT) followed in 2014. An almost exponential growth in the number of publications started in 2014. The most prolific nation was initially the USA, while China has experienced the largest growth in recent years. Co-occurrence keyword analysis revealed that sport mindfulness research is focused on performance, flow, and acceptance. Recent trends reveal growing interest in impact mechanisms, self-compassion, and well-being, and a shift from review articles to RCTs. A future avenue might include neuroscientific studies.

Conclusions
Mindfulness research in sports lags somewhat behind general mindfulness research. There is still a demand for high-quality RCTs.
Lead concentrations in commercial dogfood containing pheasant in the UK
Authors: Pain Deborah J. , Green Rhys E. , Bates Nicola , Guiu Maider , Taggart Mark A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUK and EU regulators are evaluating the potential health benefits of restricting the use of lead ammunition. Little information is available on exposure of pets to ammunition-derived dietary lead from petfood containing meat from wild-shot game animals. We found dogfood including wild-shot pheasant meat to be widely available in the UK. 77% of samples from three raw pheasant dogfood products exceeded the EU maximum residue level (MRL) for lead in animal feed, with mean concentrations approximately 245, 135 and 49 times above the MRL. Concentrations > MRL were also found in a dried food containing pheasant, but not in a processed food, nor in chicken-based products. Lead concentrations in raw pheasant dogfood considerably exceeded those in pheasant meat sold for human consumption, possibly because the dogfood mincing process further fragmented lead particles from shot. Dogs frequently consuming such high-lead food risk adverse health effects; this should be considered within decision-making processes about regulation.
Making embodied carbon mainstream: a framework for cities to leverage waste, equity, and preservation policy to reduce embodied emissions in buildings
Authors: Teicher Hannah M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith anticipation building around embodied carbon as a “new frontier” of climate policy, it may appear that cities need to develop a whole suite of dedicated institutions and mechanisms to support its implementation. However, to do so risks placing an undue burden on already overstretched local and regional governments. Instead, embodied carbon policy can build on existing priorities that already galvanize resources and attention and have benefited from decades of policy development. Making strong links to a larger urban agenda offers a way to forge buy-in from a wide range of stakeholders. Current visions for embodied carbon policy broadly fall into two categories: (1) material substitution strategies, or technical solutions that incrementally reduce emissions, and (2) demand reduction strategies, more transformative solutions that avoid emissions. Both of these areas have strong ties to existing urban strategies for waste, equity, and preservation. Foundations in waste policy include increasing waste diversion, expanding green demolition, and increasing material efficiencies. Foundations in equity-oriented policy include retrofitting affordable housing, workforce development for deconstruction, and building lower carbon, lower cost housing. Foundations in preservation policy include incentivizing building reuse, supporting the use of low carbon materials for retrofits, and encouraging vertical infill. Amplifying existing policy efforts can bring substantive embodied carbon reductions to the forefront, leapfrogging a long technical start-up phase for implementing stand-alone embodied carbon policy.
Mining and might: reflections on the history of metals and power
Authors: Humphreys David 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEconomic and military power have rested on the possession of metallic minerals for many centuries; far longer than has been the case with hydrocarbons. Since minerals are unevenly distributed around the world, there have been many instances in history where countries have sought to bolster or extend their power by the acquisition of minerals from others through trade or through territorial expansion (empire-building). This article explores the interplay of mining, metals and power, through case studies of Ancient Rome, Spain during its colonisation of South and Central America, Britain’s maritime empire, and the Soviet Union’s belated and rapid industrialisation during the twentieth century. These case studies serve to make the point that current concerns in the USA, Europe, Japan and China about the vulnerability of their economies and military capabilities to the disruption of mineral supplies from overseas are nothing new, although the range of minerals now used, the complexity of modern supply chains and prevailing geopolitical norms suggest that there may not be too much in the historical record to assist these countries and regions address their concerns.
Healthy orthorexia vs. orthorexia nervosa: Italian validation of the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS)
Authors: Falgares Giorgio , Costanzo Giulia , Manna Giovanna , Marchetti Daniela , Barrada Juan Ramón , Roncero María , Verrocchio Maria Cristina , Ingoglia Sonia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Orthorexia nervosa (OrNe) is a potentially pathological condition characterized by a fixation on healthy diet. An increasing number of studies have been conducted on this mental preoccupation, but the validity and reliability of some of the psychometric instruments employed in its assessment are still under debate. Among these measures, the Teruel Orthorexia Scale (TOS) seems to be promising, given that it allows to differentiate between OrNe and other non-problematic forms of interest with healthy eating, named as healthy orthorexia (HeOr). The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of an Italian version of the TOS, by testing its factorial structure, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, and validity.

Method
Through an online survey, we recruited 782 participants from different regions of Italy, asking them to complete the following self-report instruments: TOS, EHQ, EDI-3, OCI-R, and BSI-18. From the initial sample, 144 participants agreed to complete a second TOS administration 2 weeks later.

Results
Data confirmed the validity of the 2-correlated factors structure of the TOS. The questionnaire also showed good reliability, both in terms of internal consistency and temporal stability. With regard to the TOS validity, results showed that OrNe was significantly and positively associated with measures of psychopathology and psychological distress, while HeOr showed no correlations or negative associations with the above-mentioned measures.

Conclusion
Based on these results, the TOS can be considered a promising measure for the assessment of both pathological and non-problematic forms of orthorexic eating behavior also in Italian population.

Level of evidence
Level V, descriptive cross-sectional study.
The Overlooked Disorder: (Un)awareness of Developmental Coordination Disorder Across Clinical Professions
Authors: Meachon Emily J. , Melching Hannah , Alpers Georg W. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a common condition with core difficulties in motor skills. Recent research has identified links between DCD symptoms and negative outcomes for mental and physical health. Despite this, DCD appears to still not be well known, even to many clinicians. To date, this has been documented among specific groups of clinicians (e.g., occupational therapists) in primarily English-speaking regions, but has not been compared across specific clinical professions or across countries. Therefore, we conducted a cross-national study to examine if clinicians in primarily English-speaking and German-speaking communities of various professions are sufficiently informed about characteristics of DCD in comparison with ADHD and other neurodevelopmental disorders.

Methods
N = 346 clinicians responded to questions in an online survey about general awareness and their experience in treating neurodevelopmental disorders, especially regarding specific characteristics of DCD and ADHD. Moreover, we asked them to classify a case vignette with DCD.

Results
Overall, 58% of participants had heard of DCD but only 42% had treated individuals with DCD. More specific knowledge about DCD and ADHD was low, varied by profession, and was generally reduced among clinicians working in primarily German-speaking communities. Participants often gave an incorrect diagnosis for the case vignette (35% correct responses) but still offered correct treatment recommendations (61% correct responses).

Conclusions
Awareness of the specific nature of DCD is still lacking for many clinicians. More training about DCD and other neurodevelopmental disorders should be disseminated in clinical training.
Kinetics and Adsorption Isotherm of Strontium on Sugarcane Biochar and Its Application in Polluted Soil
Authors: Salem Laila R. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRemoval of inorganic soil pollutants (e.g. Sr2+) is considered necessary requirement to protect the environment and public health. So sugarcane bagasse biochar (SCBB) was examined as a biosorbent material for Sr2+. This was done through adsorption Stirred-batch technique including a kinetic experiment, at two concentrations (50 and 150 mg/l) and an adsorption isotherm experiment at five concentrations (20, 50, 100, 150, and 200 mg/l), by using SrCl2·6H2O. Moreover, an examination of the role of SCBB at three dosages (0.5, 1, 2%w/w) in reducing the bioavailability of strontium in polluted soil through pots experiment by using Raphanus sativus. Kinetic data revealed that equilibration time was 3 h and pseudo-second-order model was more represented in data at low and high concentrations where (R2 = 0.999 and R2 = 1), respectively. Thus, chemisorption governed the adsorption process for Sr2+removal by SCBB. Furthermore, Langmuir isotherm model (R2 = 0.99) described the adsorption data better, which indicated that a monolayer type of adsorption plays a vital role in the removal of Sr2+ by SCBB. Pots experiment revealed that SCBB could significantly reduce Sr2+ uptake by Raphanus sativus. The percentages of decrease in the shoot were 5.82, 18.17, and 26.80% for SCBB dosage 0.5, 1 and 2% w/w, respectively. The percentages of decrease in root were 17.20, 36.89, and 53.34% for SCBB dosage 0.5, 1 and 2% w/w, respectively. Specific surface area and surface functional groups of sugarcane bagasse play a vital role in the retention of strontium. Hence, biochar played an important role in the removal of Sr2+ from aqueous solution and reduced its uptake by plants in soil.
Heat-assisted extraction of phenolic-rich bioactive antioxidants from Enantia chlorantha stem bark: multi-objective optimization, integrated process techno-economics and profitability risk assessment
Authors: Adeyi Oladayo , Adeyi Abiola J. , Oke Emmanuel O. , Okolo Bernard I. , Olalere Olusegun A. , Taiwo Abiola E. , Aremu Oluwole S. , Qwebani-Ogunleye Tozama , Maphosa Yvonne , Ogunsola Akinola D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis present study investigates the heat-assisted extraction (HAE) of bioactive antioxidants from Enantia chlorantha stem bark (ECSB). The effects of process parameters of operating temperature (OT: 35–55 °C), extraction time (ET: 100–200 min) and solid: liquid ratio (S/L: 1:20–1:50 g/mL) are determined on the total polyphenol content (TPC), antioxidant activity (AA) and extract yield (EY) using the D-Optimal design. Multi-criteria optimization is also conducted to determine the HAE optimum conditions. The integrated process for E. chlorantha stem bark extracts (ECBEs) production is thereafter designed with the optimum HAE conditions and techno-economically analysed. Three industrial ECBEs production setups (5, 100 and 1000 L extractor capacities) are analysed for probable scale-up and the risk & sensitivity analyses are conducted via Monte Carlo simulation. The HAE parameters affect the extraction process significantly. The OT, ET and S/L that maximize the TPC, AA and EY simultaneously are: OT = 54.10 °C, ET = 120.16 min and S/L = 1:50 g/mL. The 1000 L plant extractor setup is the most economical capacity having the least unit production cost (UPC) of 763.52 US$/kg ECBEs. The certainty of achieving 763.52 US$/kg ECBEs for the 1000 L capacity is 55.43% and the only variable with negative contribution (− 37.9%) on ECBEs UPC is the extract recovery variable.
Surface hydrophobicity-hydrophilicity switching induced interface heat and water transfer enhancement for high-efficiency solar steam generation
Authors: Tan Yubo , Jin Hui , Mao Samuel S. , Shen Shaohua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBeyond photothermal conversion, the surface wettability of light-absorbing materials should be also determinative to the efficiency of solar-driven interfacial steam generation (SISG). Herein, by modifying hydrophobic Cu nanoparticles (NPs) with a hydrophilic carbon (C) shell, hydrophilic Cu@C core–shell NPs were successfully fabricated and used for constructing evaporation films for SISG. In comparison to the film constructed with Cu NPs, the evaporation films constructed with Cu@C core–shell NPs exhibit much increased SISG efficiency, reaching 94.6% as high. Except for the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of Cu NPs ensuring the excellent photothermal conversion, it is experimentally and theoretically revealed that the surface wettability switching from hydrophobicity to hydrophilicity, as induced by C coating, is beneficial to heat transfer at the solid/liquid interface and water transport at the evaporative surface, thus improving the thermal-evaporation conversion performance for efficient SISG. However, the further thickened C shells would weaken the LSPR effect and hinder the interface heat and water transfer, leading to the decreased photothermal and thermal-evaporation conversion efficiencies, and thus the lowered SISG performances. This demonstration gives an alternative and promising access to the rational design of photothermal materials featured with switchable surface wettability ensuring interface heat and water transfer enhancement for efficient SISG.
An Efficient Fault Diagnosis Framework for Digital Twins Using Optimized Machine Learning Models in Smart Industrial Control Systems
Authors: Zayed Samar M. , Attiya Gamal , El-Sayed Ayman , Sayed Amged , Hemdan Ezz El-Din 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn recent times, digital twins (DT) is becoming an emerging and key technology for smart industrial control systems and Industrial Internet of things (IIoT) applications. The DT presently supports a significant tool that can generate a huge dataset for fault prediction and diagnosis in a real-time scenario for critical industrial applications with the support of powerful artificial intelligence (AI). The physical assets of DT can produce system performance data that is close to reality, which delivers remarkable opportunities for machine fault diagnosis for effective measured fault conditions. Therefore, this study presents an intelligent and efficient AI-based fault diagnosis framework using new hybrid optimization and machine learning models for industrial DT systems, namely, the triplex pump model and transmission system. The proposed hybrid framework utilizes a combination of optimization techniques (OT) such as the flower pollination algorithm (FPA), particle swarm algorithm (PSO), Harris hawk optimization (HHO), Jaya algorithm (JA), gray wolf optimizer (GWO), and Salp swarm algorithm (SSA), and machine learning (ML) such as K-nearest neighbors (KNN), decision tree (CART), and random forest (RF). The proposed hybrid OT–ML framework is validated using two different simulated datasets which are generated from both the mechanized triplex pump and transmission system models, respectively. From the experimental results, the hybrid FPA–CART and FPA–RF models within the proposed framework give acceptable results in detecting the most relevant subset of features from the two employed datasets while maintaining fault detection accuracy rates exemplified by the original set of features with 96.8% and 85.7%, respectively. Therefore, the results achieve good and acceptable performance compared to the other existing models for fault diagnosis in real time based on critical IIoT fields.