bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses is mediated by interacting CNGC proteins that regulate Ca2+ influx and stomatal movement in rice
Authors: Luo Lilin , Cui Yongmei , Ouyang Nana , Huang Shuying , Gong Xiaoli , Wei Lihui , Zou Baohong , Hua Jian , Lu Shan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMembers of the cyclic nucleotide‐gated channel (CNGC) proteins are reportedly involved in a variety of biotic and abiotic responses and stomatal movement. However, it is unknown if and how a single member could regulate multiple responses. Here we characterized three closely related CNGC genes in rice, OsCNGC14, OsCNGC15 and OsCNGC16, to determine whether they function in multiple abiotic stresses. The loss‐of‐function mutants of each of these three genes had reduced calcium ion (Ca2+) influx and slower stomatal closure in response to heat, chilling, drought and the stress hormone abscisic acid (ABA). These mutants also had reduced tolerance to heat, chilling and drought compared with the wild‐type. Conversely, overexpression of OsCNGC16 led to a more rapid stomatal closure response to stresses and enhanced tolerance to heat, chilling and drought. The tight association of stomatal closure and stress tolerance strongly suggests that tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses conferred by these OsCNGC genes results at least partially from their regulation of stomatal movement. In addition, physical interactions were observed among the three OsCNGC proteins but not with a distantly related CNGC, suggesting the formation of hetero‐oligomers among themselves. This study unveils the crucial role of OsCNGC14, 15 and 16 proteins in stomatal response and tolerance to multiple stresses, suggesting a mechanism of tolerance to multiple stresses that involves calcium influx and stomatal movement regulation.
Capillary connections between sensory circumventricular organs and adjacent parenchyma enable local volume transmission
Authors: Yao Yifan , Chen Yannan , Tomer Raju , Silver Rae 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAmong contributors to diffusible signaling are portal systems which join two capillary beds through connecting veins. Portal systems allow diffusible signals to be transported in high concentrations directly from one capillary bed to the other without dilution in the systemic circulation. Two portal systems have been identified in the brain. The first was discovered almost a century ago and connects the median eminence to the anterior pituitary gland. The second was discovered a few years ago and links the suprachiasmatic nucleus to the organum vasculosum of the lamina terminalis, a sensory circumventricular organ (CVO). Sensory CVOs bear neuronal receptors for sensing signals in the fluid milieu. They line the surface of brain ventricles and bear fenestrated capillaries thereby lacking blood–brain barriers. It is not known whether the other sensory CVOs, namely the subfornical organ (SFO), and area postrema (AP) form portal neurovascular connections with nearby parenchymal tissue. To preserve the integrity of the vasculature of CVOs and their adjacent neuropil, we combined iDISCO clearing and light‐sheet microscopy to acquire volumetric images of blood vessels and traced the vasculature in two experiments. In the first, the whole brain vasculature was registered to the Allen Brain Atlas in order to identify the nuclei to which the SFO and AP are attached. In the second study, regionally specified immunolabeling was used to identify the attachment sites and vascular connections between the AP, and the SFO to their respective parenchymal attachment sites. There are venous portal pathways linking the capillary vessels of the SFO and the posterior septal nuclei, namely the septofimbrial nucleus and the triangular nucleus of the septum. Unlike the arrangement of portal vessels, the AP and the nucleus of the solitary tract share a common capillary bed. Taken together, the results reveal that all three sensory CVOs bear direct capillary connections to adjacent neuropil, providing a direct route for diffusible signals to travel from their source to their targets.
The impact of the trigger day progesterone, luteinizing hormone and their interaction on live birth rates in GnRH antagonist cycles
Authors: Ince Onur , Yilmaz Bulent 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimThis study aims to assess the impacts of various trigger day progesterone (P4) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels on live birth rates (LBRs) in fresh in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, considering their elevation from stimulation and premature luteinization.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study included the first ovarian stimulation cycles with GnRH antagonist protocol of 1253 patients who underwent intracytoplasmic sperm injection and fresh embryo transfer at a tertiary clinic's IVF center between 2010 and 2016. Participants were divided into four groups based on trigger day serum P4 and LH levels, using the 90th percentile thresholds for P4 (1.7 ng/mL) and LH (5.2 IU/L). The primary outcome measure was LBR.ResultsThe LBRs observed in the respective groups were as follows: P4 < 1.7 ng/mL and LH <5.2 IU/L (21.3%, 214/1005); P4 < 1.7 ng/mL and LH ≥5.2 IU/L (19.1%, 22/115); P4 ≥ 1.7 ng/mL and LH <5.2 IU/L (19.3%, 23/119); and P4 ≥ 1.7 ng/mL and LH ≥5.2 IU/L (28.6%, 4/14). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups (p = 0.782). Additionally, a multivariate generalized additive model, adjusted for female age, body mass index, infertility duration, number of embryos transferred, and embryo transfer day, found that the interaction between LH and P4 levels did not significantly predict LBRs (p = 0.533). However, univariate analysis identified an optimal trigger day P4 range between 0.58 and 1.69 ng/mL for achieving higher LBRs, demonstrating a non‐linear relationship. Furthermore, total FSH and LH dosages during stimulation had a statistically significant combined effect on trigger day P4 levels (p = <0.001), with the addition of LH leading to lower P4 levels compared to cycles stimulated with recombinant FSH alone.ConclusionsThe relationship and interaction between trigger day LH and P4 levels do not significantly influence LBRs, as variations in LH do not alter the effect of P4, suggesting that the impact of P4 elevation on LBRs is independent of its cause, whether from ovarian stimulation or premature luteinization.
Effect of extrinsic pigmentation and multiple firing cycles on the properties of a zirconia‐containing lithium silicate ceramic
Authors: Andrade Everton Cocati , da Silva Sarah Emille Gomes , Caneppele Taciana Marco Ferraz , Machado João Paulo Barros , Leite Fabíola Pessoa Pereira , Miranda Jean Soares , Zhang Yu , e Souza Rodrigo Othávio de Assunção 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeTo assess the impact of staining and multiple firings on the mechanical, optical, and surface characteristics of zirconia‐containing lithium silicate ceramics (ZLS).Materials and MethodsNinety ZLS discs (Suprinity, VITA Zahnfabrick) were divided according to the “Number of firings” protocol: Ctr‐control, no characterization; SC–single firing cycle (for characterization, crystallization and staining simultaneously); and DC–double firing cycle (crystallization firing cycle was performed separately from the staining firing). Extrinsic pigmentation was performed to replicate the characterization of a monolithic restoration. A layer of stain and glaze was applied with a fine brush to the ceramic surface. Specimens were fired two or four cycles, designed to simulate additional staining firings for potential characterization adjustments, but without applying new stain, resulting in six groups (n = 15): CtrII, CtrIV, SCII, SCIV, DCII, and DCIV. X‐ray diffraction, color, translucency, and surface roughness analysis were also performed, and the samples were subjected to the biaxial flexural strength test. Data were subjected to one‐way ANOVA, Tukey's test (α = 0.05), and Weibull analysis.ResultsNo changes in the diffractogram pattern were found, irrespective of the number of firings. The translucency (p = 0.02) and roughness (p < 0.01) of DCIV were significantly reduced compared to DCII. DCIV also showed the highest flexural strength (325.52AMPa), followed by SCII (271.64BMPa).ConclusionsRepeated firings increased the flexural strength of ZLS, where the double‐step characterization technique demonstrated better statistical results than the other groups. Moreover, despite the ceramic showing good color stability, repeated firings significantly compromised its translucency.
Fracture resistance and behavior of endodontically treated maxillary premolars with varying ferrule heights and post numbers: A laboratory study
Authors: Aljanakh Mohammad D. , Bakitian Fahad A. , Almohefer Sami A. , Alshammari Hatem D. , Kensara Anmar , Madfa Ahmed A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPurposeTo investigate how varying ferrule heights and the number of glass fiber posts affect fracture resistance and behavior of endodontically treated maxillary first premolars with substantial loss of tooth structure.Materials and MethodsTwenty‐four extracted endodontically treated human maxillary first premolars were divided into three groups (n = 8) based on ferrule height and post number. The groups were as follows: premolars of 2 mm ferrule height that were restored with single posts (control group), premolars of 0.5 mm ferrule height that were restored with single posts in palatal canals (single‐post group), and premolars of 0.5 mm ferrule height that were restored with double posts in palatal and buccal canals (double‐post group). All groups were then restored with composite core and metal‐ceramic crowns cemented with zinc phosphate cement. All specimens were subjected to 10,000 thermal cycles at temperatures of 5°C and 55°C, as well as 1.2 million cyclic loadings of 49 N load at 1.2 Hz using a chewing simulator. The specimens were loaded to fracture in a universal testing machine and fracture behavior was examined under stereomicroscope and divided into restorable and unrestorable fracture modes. Fracture loads and modes were analyzed by one‐way ANOVA, Tukey's post hoc test, and Fisher's exact probability test (p ≤ 0.05).ResultsThe control group showed the highest mean fracture load (1127 ± 172) of all groups (p < 0.001). The specimens in the single‐post group showed numerically higher mean fracture load (522 ± 171) but with no significant difference compared to the ones in the double‐post group (518 ± 157; p > 0.967). In the control group, 75% of specimens showed unrestorable fractures compared to 50% and 12.5% in single‐post and double‐post groups. The specimens in the control group had similar unrestorable fractures, starting from the coronal part and extending obliquely to the cervical third of the root below resin level. Two specimens in the control group showed unrestorable fractures in the middle third of the root. No middle‐third root fractures were observed in single‐post and double‐post groups, and unrestorable fractures in both groups were similar to those of the control group. The single‐post group had two specimens with core‐post crown complex restorable fractures, while the control and double‐post groups had one specimen each. The remaining specimens showed cervical‐third root restorable fractures above resin level.ConclusionThe ferrule height significantly influences the fracture resistance of endodontically treated premolars compared to the number of placed posts. Nonetheless, more restorable fractures are seen in endodontically treated premolars restored with double posts than single posts regardless of ferrule height.
Bulk Organic Matter Characteristics and Hydrocarbon Generation–Expulsion Modeling of Middle Jurassic–Lower Cretaceous Source Rocks in the Abadan Plain, Southern Mesopotamian Basin, SW Iran
Authors: Ghorbani Buyuk , Rahimpour‐Bonab Hossain , Tavakoli Vahid , Vahidimotlagh Navid , Kazemi Hojjat 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study examines the bulk organic geochemical properties, the burial and thermal history reconstruction, and timing of hydrocarbon generation of Jurassic and Cretaceous source rocks in the Abadan Plain, within the western Zagros fold‐and‐thrust belt in SW Iran. Three source rock units were evaluated: the Middle Jurassic (Bajocian–Callovian) Sargelu Formation, the Lower Cretaceous (Neocomian) Garau Formation, and the Lower Cretaceous (Aptian–Albian) Kazhdumi Formation. Rock‐Eval pyrolysis and organic petrography analyses revealed that the Sargelu Formation is overmature, with abundant solid bitumen and pyrobitumen, indicating depleted hydrocarbon generation potential. Total organic carbon (TOC) values range from 0.46 to 14.8 wt% with low hydrogen index (HI) values, suggesting no further liquid hydrocarbon generation is possible. The Garau Formation is highly mature with TOC values of 0.44–9.4 wt% and HI values below 400 mg HC/g TOC, confirming that hydrocarbon generation has occurred. While the advanced maturity of both formations prevents direct kerogen‐type identification through Rock‐Eval results, petrography indicates the Sargelu and Garau formations are indicative of Type II kerogen. The Kazhdumi Formation shows varied maturity levels, ranging from immature to marginally mature, with TOC values between 0.16 and 6.33 wt% and HI values from 72 to 626 mg HC/g TOC, reflecting a mix of Types II and III kerogen.The one‐/two‐dimensional basin modeling conducted across the Azadegan, Yadavaran, Darquain, and Mahshahr fields reveals significant variations in burial depth, thermal history, and hydrocarbon generation potential. Thermal modeling indicates maximum burial temperatures were reached in the late Neogene, with the basal heat flow value of 45 mW/m2 for most fields, except in Darquain, where an elevated basal heat flow of 62 mW/m2, potentially linked to detachment thrusting within the Hormuz salt caused by the reactivation of basement faults, accelerated thermal maturation of the Sargelu and Garau source rocks. In Darquain, the Sargelu Formation has entered the wet gas window (VRo% ∼1.9), and the Garau Formation. has reached late oil to wet gas maturity (VRo% ∼1.5), while in Azadegan both remain in the late oil window. The Kazhdumi Formation remains immature to marginally mature across all fields. The calculated transformation ratio (TR) shows that the Sargelu and Garau Formation. Source rocks in Darquain have surpassed 90% TR, fully exhausting their liquid hydrocarbon generation potential. These findings offer critical insights into the petroleum system of the Abadan Plain, highlighting areas like Darquain, where hydrocarbons have already been expelled and zones such as Azadegan and Mahshahr, with further oil generation potential.
Genetic Analysis of the Bacterial Leaf Streak Pathogen Responsible for Severe Rice Infections in Senegal and Identification of Sources of Resistance
Authors: Dossou Akossan Bernadin , Foncéka Daniel , Tall Hamidou , Kane Ndjido Ardo , Faye Omar Ndaw , Zoclanclounon Yedomon Ange Bovys , Hutin Mathilde , Szurek Boris , Onaga Geoffrey , Manneh Baboucarr , Diédhiou Papa Madiallacké 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBacterial leaf streak (BLS) caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc) is a major bacterial disease affecting rice, wheat, triticale and Brassica crops. It was recently confirmed in Senegal with high incidence in rice fields. However, the precise Xoc strains responsible for the recent outbreaks remains unknown, and the sources of resistance to the growing disease pressure have yet to be identified. In this study, we tested the pathogenicity of Xoc strains collected from a 2023 epidemic in Senegal on Senegalese rice varieties and on near isogenic lines (NILs) specifically developed for a sister pathovar, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo). We identified both local varieties and NILs resistant to 80% of the strains. However, neither NILs nor local varieties were resistant to S52‐4‐4, suggesting a significant mutation in this particular strain that poses a serious threat to rice production in Senegal. Comparative genomic and phylogenetic analysis revealed a close evolutionary relationship between S52‐4‐4 and pathogenic strains BLS256 and CFBP2286 from the Philippines and Malaysia respectively. Moreover, the detection of an equivalent number of TAL effectors in both S52‐4‐4 and BLS256 provided further evidence that both strains have a shared common ancestry. These findings, together with the available genomic sequence and characterisation of S52‐4‐4 in this study are useful for studying Xoc populations in Senegal and other countries. Nonetheless, S52‐4‐4 adaptation to all local cultivars grown in Senegal requires a prompt management response.
Search for pre‐accretionary irradiation effects in calcium‐aluminum inclusions from the CV3 chondrite Allende
Authors: Ghaznavi P. , Burkhardt C. , Tissot F. L. H. , Leya I. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractCalcium‐aluminum‐rich inclusions (CAIs) are the first objects that formed in the solar accretion disk and therefore provide valuable insights into the evolution of the early solar system. A long‐standing question regarding this earliest formative period relates to the storage of CAIs in the 1–4 Myr time period between their formation and later accretion into chondrite parent bodies. Were the CAIs stored in a pre‐existing parent body, or in distant parts of the solar accretion disk? In the latter scenario, CAIs might have been exposed to cosmic rays, either from the galaxy or from the Sun and such pre‐accretion irradiation effects might be detectable. We searched for such pre‐accretional irradiation effects in 7 fine‐ and 11 coarse‐grained CAIs from the CV 3.6 carbonaceous chondrite Allende. The extracted samples were analyzed for their major chemical composition and all samples were analyzed using μCT techniques. Using physical model calculations, 21Necos and (22Ne/21Ne)cos production rate ratios were calculated for each CAI by fully considering their individual chemical composition. Measured He, Ne, Ar, and Kr isotope compositions of the CAIs show cosmogenic signals; clear signals for He and Ne isotopes; and detectable signals for some of the Ar and Kr isotopes. In addition, most samples show clear indications for radiogenic 4He and some samples show evidence for radiogenic 40Ar. Higher 36Ar/38Ar, 22Ne/21Ne, 80Kr/84Kr, and 82Kr/84Kr ratios together with lower cosmogenic 38Arcos concentrations in fine‐grained CAIs compared to coarse‐grained CAIs are consistent with more alteration of the former compared to the latter. The CRE ages for the CAIs range between 4.12 ± 0.41 Myr and 6.40 ± 0.63 Myr. Statistical tests indicate that the data are normally distributed with no outliers, indicating that all CAIs share a common irradiation history, likely the irradiation in the Allende meteoroid. The average CRE age of 4.87 ± 0.19 Myr agrees with the nominally accepted CRE age of Allende of ~5.2 Myr. There is no correlation between 21Necos concentrations and indicators of aqueous alteration like Na and/or U concentrations. The lack of correlation together with the finding of normally distributed modeled CRE ages indicates that either none of the studied CAIs experienced a pre‐accretion irradiation before parent body compaction and/or that any pre‐accretion irradiation effects have been completely erased during aqueous alteration events. Taking alteration aside, the findings are not in favor of X‐wind type models but are more consistent with the idea of CAI outward transport in an expanding disk.
Geology, gravity, and numerical modeling of the Nova Colinas impact structure, Parnaíba Basin, Brazil
Authors: Avona Pietro Demattê , Crósta Alvaro Penteado , Vasconcelos Marcos Alberto Rodrigues , Bjonnes Evan , Pereira Fernando Lessa , Góes Ana Maria 
Published: January 2025

AbstractNova Colinas, centered at 07°09′33″ S/46°06′30″ W, is the ninth confirmed complex impact structure in Brazil and the fifth in the Parnaíba Basin, with a diameter of ~6.5–7 km and a nearly circular shape. Impactites include shocked siltstones from the Pedra de Fogo Fm. found at the central peak, brecciated sandstone from the Sambaíba Fm. bearing microscopic shock features, and brecciated basalt from the Mosquito Fm. bearing shatter cones. The impact event's age has been constrained to the interval from ~130 to ~199 Ma based on the local stratigraphy. Due to its moderate to advanced stage of erosion, geophysical modeling combined with geological field data were employed for its characterization. A new geological map was produced through field observations and remote sensing image interpretation, as well as a 3‐D model based on ground gravity data and numerical modeling. iSALE2D shock physics code was employed to simulate the formation of Nova Colinas crater. The results revealed its main structural zones: the central uplift, annular basin, and outer rim, each associated with specific lithostratigraphic units from the Parnaíba Basin. Bouguer residual anomalies ranged from −3.6 to 1.2 mGal, with a nearly circular positive anomaly at the center of the structure, surrounded by a negative anomaly. 3‐D gravity data inversion indicated a buried high‐density body, likely due to the uplift of a diabase sill. Results of the numerical modeling point out that the final crater reached gravitational stability with a diameter of ~7 km and a depth of ~240 m, suggesting that a narrow outcrop strip of the Motuca Fm. was uplifted to a higher level compared to the Sambaíba Fm. strata, forming an antiform‐like “arch” that creates an inner ring that exposes rocks of the Motuca Formation.
The Impact of Administrative Districts and Urban Landscape on the Dispersal of Aedes aegypti via Genetic Differentiation
Authors: Huang Chin‐Gi , Tseng Yi‐Cheng , Yu Tsung‐Han , Cheng Hui‐Ching , Tsai Tsung‐Ju , Ting Jou‐Hsin , Ho Hsin‐Yi , Lee Ya‐Zhe , Chiu Yen‐Chieh , Huang Yu‐Ting , Shih Ting‐Chun , Hsiao Hsiang‐Yu , Wu Yi‐Jun , Li Shi‐Ya , Huang Yu‐Chi , Yang Yung‐Cheng , Chen Pei‐Qi , Hsiao Chun‐Yi , Wang Hurng‐Yi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTMosquito‐borne diseases affect millions and cause numerous deaths annually. Effective vector control, which hinges on understanding their dispersal, is vital for reducing infection rates. Given the variability in study results, likely due to environmental and human factors, gathering local dispersal data is critical for targeted disease control. To analyse the spread and differentiation of Aedes aegypti in southern Taiwan, we established a dengue vector monitoring network in Southern Taiwan's cities. This network employed GPS‐equipped ovitraps to gather eggs that were subsequently hatched in the laboratory and genotyped using genome‐wide SNP markers. From 168 individuals, we identified 757,238 SNPs for detailed analysis. The estimated effective dispersal distance was 154 m (95% CI: 126–180 m), consistent with prior mark‐release‐recapture (MRR) estimates. We discovered that geographic isolation significantly influences genetic differentiation at larger scales, such as between cities, whereas its correlation with genetic distances is considerably weaker at smaller scales, like within cities. This is likely due to the urban landscape in Taiwan, characterised by narrow roads and densely packed buildings, which facilitates extensive dispersal of Ae. aegypti. In evaluating potential barriers to Ae. aegypti dispersal, we found that roads had no significant impact, whereas administrative districts accounted for 4.8% of the population differentiation (p < 10−4). Surprisingly, this variation aligns with the effects of district‐specific mosquito control measures implemented at the municipal level. These findings highlight the complex interplay between urban landscapes, administrative measures and Ae. aegypti dispersal, emphasising the need for implementing targeted control strategies that consider these local dynamics.