bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tolerability, acceptability, and reproducibility of topical STAR particles in human subjects
Authors: Kim Youngeun , Jung Jae Hwan , Tadros Andrew R. , Prausnitz Mark R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTopical delivery to treat dermatological disease is constrained by low skin permeability to most drugs due to the stratum corneum barrier. STAR particles containing microneedle protrusions can be topically applied on the skin to create micropores that dramatically increase skin permeability, even to water‐soluble compounds and macromolecules. This study addresses the tolerability, acceptability, and reproducibility of STAR particles rubbed on the skin at multiple pressures and after multiple applications to human subjects. One‐time STAR particle application at pressures between 40 and 80 kPa showed that skin microporation and erythema directly correlated with increased pressure, and 83% of subjects reported STAR particles to be comfortable at all pressures. Repeated application of STAR particles for 10 consecutive days at 80 kPa showed that skin microporation (~0.5% of skin area), erythema (low‐to‐moderate), and comfort with self‐administration (75%) were similar over the course of the study. Comfort of sensations associated with STAR particles increased from 58% to 71% during the study, and familiarity with STAR particles increased from 12.5% to 50% of subjects reporting STAR particle application not feeling different from other skin products. This study demonstrates that topically applied STAR particles were well tolerated and highly acceptable after application at various pressures and repeated daily use. These findings further suggest that STAR particles offer a safe and reliable platform to enhance cutaneous drug delivery.
Image‐based structural analysis for education purposes: A proof‐of‐concept study
Authors: Loong Cheng Ning , San Juan Justin David Q. , Chang Chih‐Chen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn civil engineering education, hand‐drawn sketches of structural systems are commonly used for response analysis. Based on these sketches, students may determine the response of the structures either by hand calculations or via some specialized software through the construction of finite‐element models. The former method is prone to errors, while the latter method could be time‐consuming for inexperienced students. It would be convenient if the information within the hand‐drawn sketches could be automatically converted into computer‐recognizable objects for further structural analysis. To address this issue, a novel method entitled Image‐based Structural Analysis (ISA) is proposed as a proof of concept to determine the response of a linear‐elastic structure directly from the image of a hand‐drawn sketch. A selective search algorithm and a deep convolutional neural network are adopted to detect relevant objects in the images. Based on the bounding boxes and the classes of the objects, a finite element model is constructed for further structural response analysis. This study demonstrates the proposed ISA method via several hand‐drawn beams under loadings. Results show that the proposed method, which consists of a combination of artificial intelligence and semantic rules, can produce, and analyze structural models from hand‐drawn sketches.
Singe intraoperative instillation of chemotherapy during radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: Oncological outcome and survival predictors
Authors: Yang Jingtian , Li Kaiwen , Zhang Yishan , Hu Jintao , Liu Hao , Dong Wen , Huang Hai , Lin Tianxin , Huang Jian , He Wang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurposeTo clarify the necessity and effect of a single intraoperative instillation of chemotherapy during radical cystectomy.MethodsPatients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer between January 2013 and April 2019 were retrospectively evaluated and divided into a non‐instillation group and an instillation group according to the intraoperative instillation of chemotherapy. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was used to determine the clinical predictors of overall survival and disease‐free survival. Kaplan–Meier analysis and log‐rank tests were performed to analyze overall survival and disease‐free survival.ResultsOf the 320 patients who were enrolled in the study, 113 underwent radical cystectomy with intraoperative instillation of chemotherapy. Univariate Cox analysis showed that intraoperative instillation was not a risk factor for overall survival or disease‐free survival (HR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.66–1.63, p = 0.864; HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.76–1.62, p = 0.602, respectively). As shown in the Kaplan–Meier analysis, no significant differences were noted in overall survival (p = 0.857) and disease‐free survival (p = 0.600) between the two groups. A subgroup analysis demonstrated that intraoperative instillation was not associated with a statistically better overall survival and disease‐free survival in the nonmuscle invasive (p = 0.852 and 0.836) and muscle‐invasive (p = 0.929 and 0.805) patients.ConclusionA single intraoperative instillation of chemotherapy during radical cystectomy was not related to better disease‐free survival or overall survival. It is unnecessary to consider single instillation of chemotherapy as a regular procedure during radical cystectomy.
Comparison of the efficacy between immunochemotherapy and chemotherapy in gastric cancer accompanied with synchronous liver metastases: A real‐world retrospective study
Authors: Lin Guang‐Tan , Liu Zhi‐Yu , Shang‐Guan Zhi‐Xin , Zeng Gui‐Rong , Lin Jian‐Xian , Wu Ju , Chen Qi‐Yue , Xie Jian‐Wei , Li Ping , Huang Chang‐Ming , Zheng Chao‐Hui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundFew studies have investigated the efficacy of comprehensive therapies, including immunotherapy, for gastric cancer with synchronous liver metastases (GCLM). We retrospectively compared the effect of immunochemotherapy and chemotherapy alone as conversion therapies on the oncological outcomes of patients with GCLM.MethodsThe clinicopathological data of 100 patients with GCLM from February 2017 to October 2021 at our institution were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into immunochemotherapy (n = 33) and chemotherapy‐alone (n = 67) groups.ResultsBaseline clinicopathological data did not differ significantly between the two groups. The immunochemotherapy group had a higher overall response rate (59.4% vs. 44.0%, p = 0.029) and disease control rate (71.9% vs. 49.2%, p = 0.036) than the chemotherapy group. The immunochemotherapy group showed better tumor regression in the gastric mass, metastatic lymph nodes, and liver lesions than the chemotherapy group. Ten (30.3%) patients in the immunochemotherapy group and 13 (19.4%) patients in the chemotherapy group underwent surgery after conversion therapy. However, the difference was not statistically significant. The overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) rates were better in the immunochemotherapy group than in the chemotherapy group. Treatment‐related adverse events occurred in 24 (72.7%) and 47 (70.1%) patients in the immunochemotherapy and chemotherapy groups, respectively.ConclusionsAs a conversion therapy for GCLM, immunotherapy yielded better primary and metastatic tumor regression and survival benefits, with no increase in adverse events compared to chemotherapy.
Sensitivity of cytology in liver tumor biopsy and its significance in the prompt clinical diagnosis of non‐hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Nakabori Tasuku , Abe Yutaro , Higashi Sena , Mukai Kaori , Shingetsu Azusa , Nishimura Sanako , Tsuzaki Sayoko , Ryu Ayumi , Tanada Satoshi , Nagata Shigenori , Honma Keiichiro , Ohkawa Kazuyoshi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundCytology is a fast and simple modality for identifying malignancies and tumor histology. In this study, we analyzed the sensitivity of cytology for liver tumor biopsy and evaluated its potential for prompt clinical diagnosis.MethodsThis retrospective study included patients who had concurrently undergone conventional cytology, on‐site cytology, and histopathology for ultrasound‐guided liver tumor biopsies. In the case of malignant tumors, malignancy was first diagnosed, then preliminary clinical diagnosis was established using histology based on cytology and clinical information, followed by histopathological diagnosis. Sensitivity of malignancy detection was evaluated by comparison with histopathological diagnosis.ResultsOf the 191 tumors, 164 (85.9%) were malignant. The sensitivity of conventional cytology for malignancy detection was 97.6%. The sensitivity of non‐hepatocellular carcinoma (non‐HCC) (99.3%) detection was higher than that of the HCCs (87.5%; p = 0.001). The sensitivity of on‐site cytology for malignancy detection was as high as that of conventional cytology. Similar to conventional cytology, the sensitivity of on‐site cytology for non‐HCC detection (99.3%) was higher than that for HCCs (79.2%; p < 0.001). In most cases of non‐HCC tumors (126/140, 90.0%), accurate preliminary clinical diagnoses were obtained by combining on‐site cytology with clinical information.ConclusionCytology of liver tumor biopsy has high sensitivity for malignancy, especially in non‐HCC tumors. On‐site cytology can contribute to the prompt clinical diagnosis of non‐HCC tumors when combined with clinical information. This approach may be a reassuring modality for patients with severely advanced cancers requiring prompt clinical diagnosis and quick initiation of treatment owing to their deteriorating health.
Integrated analysis based on vesicle trafficking‐related genes identifying CNIH4 as a novel therapeutic target for glioma
Authors: Fang Zhen , Kong Fangen , Zeng Jia , Zhang Zichen , Wang Yunzhi , Wang Yiping , Duan Jiajia , Chen Lei , Wang Jikai , Liu Fei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundVesicle trafficking is a highly important process in numerous human diseases, especially in the central nervous system dysfunctions. However, as a key component of vesicle trafficking‐related genes (VRGs), Cornichon family AMPA receptor auxiliary protein 4 (CNIH4) has not been systematically elucidated in glioma so far.MethodsDifferentially expressed VRGs were selected using molecular signatures database (MSigDB), The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and Genotype‐Tissue Expression (GTEx) mRNA expression profiles. Further exploration of CNIH4 was determined using LASSO‐Cox regression algorithms. Then Kaplan–Meier (K‐M) plotter, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, and multivariate Cox regression analyses were utilized to assess the independent significance of CNIH4 in the CGGA validation cohort. Functional exploration was performed with Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and then verified using a series of functional experiments in glioma cells. Finally, the consensus clustering algorithm was applied to identify clusters in glioma samples. After that, differences in prognosis, the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME), and therapy response were evaluated between clusters.ResultsCNIH4 was shown to be overexpressed in malignant glioma variants and was frequently observed in GCSs and TMZ‐resistant cell lines. Higher CNIH4 levels were significantly related to poor outcomes and positively correlated with adverse clinicopathological characteristics. Survival analyses revealed CNIH4 as an independent risk factor that outperformed traditional measures. Enrichment analysis indicated that overactive CNIH4 significantly gathered in stem cell processes. Furthermore, functional assays of silencing CNIH4 expression suppressed stem cell‐like properties in vitro and inhibited tumorigenicity in vivo. Finally, the CNIH4‐enriched subgroup negatively modulated immunotherapeutic response and reflected lower chemotherapy sensitivity for glioma patients.ConclusionOur study identified CNIH4 as a potential VRG that regulates tumor stemness, microenvironment immunity, and chemotherapy sensitivity. It may serve as a novel prognostic factor and a promising target against glioma therapy.
The Inhibitory Activity of Natural Products to Xanthine Oxidase
Authors: Zhou Shiyang , Huang Gangliang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe natural products have a new chemical structure and biological active diversity, so they are favored by scientific researchers. Gout is a high incidence and high‐risk disease, and the current treatments are not satisfactory. Xanthine oxidase (XO) is a key enzyme responsible for the development and progression of various metabolic and oxidative stress‐related diseases. Excessive activity of XO leads to elevated serum urate levels, which in turn leads to the development of hyperuricemia. This review mainly introduces the recent progress of the new research on the anti‐gout activity of natural products that could provide new treatment methods for gout and information for the discovery and development of new anti‐gout drugs.
Dose‐Dependent Dual Effect ofMorus nigraL. Extract on Urinary Parameters of Hypertensive Rats
Authors: Bolda Mariano Luísa Nathália , Cechinel‐Zanchett Camile Cecconi , Nazário Daniela , Lupatini Keila , de Souza Priscila 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the diuretic and antiurolithic effects of the hydroalcoholic extract obtained fromMorus nigraL. leaves (HEMN) in female hypertensive rats. The rats were treated orally with vehicle (VEH), hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), or HEMN. After 8 h, the urine was analyzed. Besides, the precipitation of calcium oxalate (CaOx) was induced in the urine. The HEMN, at a dose of 0.03 mg/g, increased the volume of urine compared to the VEH‐treated group and increased the urinary content of Cl−, without altering the excretion of Na+and K+. Besides, HENM reduced the elimination of Ca2+in the urine. On the other hand, at a dose of 0.1 mg/g, it significantly reduced the volume of urine excreted, thus suggesting an antidiuretic effect dependent on the dose used. Similarly, HEMN at concentrations of 1 and 3 mg/mL reduced CaOx crystals′ formation in monohydrate and dihydrate forms. However, with the increase in the concentration of HEMN to 10 mg/mL, a significant increase in the formation of CaOx crystals was found. In conclusion,M. nigraextract has a dose‐dependent dual effect on urinary parameters, which may have a diuretic and antiurolithic effect at lower doses or the opposite effect at higher doses.
Essential Oils of Ferulago glareosa Kandemir&Hedge Roots and Aerial Parts: PCA and HCA Analyses
Authors: Kılıç Ceyda S. , Demirci Betül , Kırcı Damla , Duman Hayri , Gürbüz İlhan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFerulago glareosa Kandemir & Hedge. is an endemic species of the family Apiaceae for Turkey and has interesting morphological characteristics compared to the other members of the genus Ferulago Koch. In this study we investigated the essential oil compositions of the roots and aerial parts of F. glareosa for the first time and compared them with essential oil compositions of the roots and aerial parts of other species of the genus. In our study, major components of the essential oil of the roots were determined to be 2,3,6‐trimethylbenzaldehyde (32.2 %), falcarinol (23.7 %), hexadecanoic acid (9.5 %) and 2,5‐dimethoxy‐p‐cymene (5.9 %); and major components of the essential oil of the aerial parts were found to be α‐pinene (33.7 %), p‐cymene (14.8 %), γ‐terpinene (13.2 %), (Z)‐β‐ocimene (12.4 %) and terpinolene (8.2 %). The essential oil compositions of F. glareosa root compare with essential oils components in the literature differ varies greatly. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) was performed with Minitab software, utilizing 8 major components in the published 20 literatures, as well as in this study. Principal Component Analyses (PCA) were used in order to demonstrate chemotaxonomical variations in the composition of the essential oils of Ferulago species.
Electroreductive Cross‐Electrophile Coupling of Aziridines and Aryl Bromides
Authors: Yang Guoqing , Wang Yanwei , Qiu Youai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHerein, a nickela‐electrocatalyzed cross‐electrophile coupling of readily available aryl aziridines and aryl bromides under mild and sustainable electrochemical conditions to access synthetic useful β‐arylethylamines is developed. This protocol is characterized by its exquisite chemo‐ and regioselectivity, broad substrate scope and good functional group compatibility. Mechanistic studies confirmed that the regioselectivity and reactivity observed are a result of electro‐induced ring‐opening of aziridines under electroreductive conditions to generate a benzyl radical intermediate as the active species. Furthermore, this strategy also enables cross‐coupling with CO2 to access β‐amino acids under mild conditions.
Late‐Stage Functionalization for the Divergent Synthesis of Podophyllotoxin Derivatives by Rhodium Catalysis
Authors: Zhao Yue , Shen Yangpeng , He Jian , Li Jing , Zhou Shengbin , Wang Yunbo , Li Chunpu , Liu Hong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA divergent synthesis of podophyllotoxin derivatives from simple and readily available starting materials through a late‐stage functionalization strategy by rhodium catalysis is reported here. This strategy uses the ketone and oxime in substrates as directing groups. Four kinds of novel podophyllotoxin derivatives have been obtained without any erosion of the enantiopurity, thus indicating the broad substrate scope of this method. Additionally, by using the newly developed strategy, 9 aa, which exhibited excellent anticancer activity, can be prepared by a sequential transformation. In particularly, 9 aa suppressed HeLa cells with IC50 values of 74.5 nM, thus providing a promising lead compound for future drug discovery.
An Active Member of the EFMC: The Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology of the Swiss Chemical Society**
Authors: Auberson Yves P. , Benfatti Fides , Gillingham Dennis , Hartrampf Nina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Chemical Biology (DMCCB) of the Swiss Chemical Society is an active contributor to the dynamics of the Swiss and European scientific communities. Founded in 1987, it pursues its mission to foster relationships among its academic and industrial members, to facilitate exchange by organizing symposia and courses, and to encourage scientific excellence. This article presents the DMCCB and highlights both its offer to the community and its participation in the activities of EFMC, the European Federation for Medicinal chemistry and Chemical biology.
3D atlas of cerebral neuropils with previously unknown demarcations in the honey bee brain
Authors: Habenstein Jens , Grübel Kornelia , Pfeiffer Keram , Rössler Wolfgang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHoney bees (Apis mellifera) express remarkable social interactions and cognitive capabilities that have been studied extensively. In many cases, behavioral studies were accompanied by neurophysiological and neuroanatomical investigations. While most studies have focused on primary sensory neuropils, such as the optic lobes or antennal lobes, and major integration centers, such as the mushroom bodies or the central complex, many regions of the cerebrum (the central brain without the optic lobes) of the honey bee are only poorly explored so far, both anatomically and physiologically. To promote studies of these brain regions, we used anti‐synapsin immunolabeling and neuronal tract tracings followed by confocal imaging and 3D reconstructions to demarcate all neuropils in the honey bee cerebrum and close this gap at the anatomical level. We demarcated 35 neuropils and 25 fiber tracts in the honey bee cerebrum, most of which have counterparts in the fly (Drosophila melanogaster) and other insect species that have been investigated so far at this level of detail. We discuss the role of cerebral neuropils in multisensory integration in the insect brain, emphasize the importance of this brain atlas for comparative studies, and highlight specific architectural features of the honey bee cerebrum.
On a finite strain modeling of growth in budding yeast
Authors: Awada Zeinab , Nedjar Boumediene 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCell's ability to proliferate constitutes one of the most defining features of life. The proliferation occurs through a succession of events; the cell cycle, whereby the cell grows and divides. In this paper, focus is made on the growth step and we deal specifically with Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast that reproduces by budding. For this, we develop a theoretical model to predict the growth powered by the turgor pressure. This cell is herein considered as a thin‐walled structure with almost axisymmetrical shape. Due to its soft nature, the large deformation range is a priori assumed through a finite growth modeling framework. The used kinematics is based on the multiplicative decomposition of the deformation gradient into an elastically reversible part and a growth part. Constitutive equations are proposed where use is made of hyperelasticity together with a local evolution equation, this latter to describe the way growth takes place. In particular, two essential parameters are involved: a stress‐like threshold, and a characteristic time. The developed model is extended to a shell approach as well. In a finite element context, representative numerical simulations examining stress‐dependent growth are given and a parametric study is conducted to show the sensitivity with respect to the above mentioned parameters. Finally, a suggestion for natural contractile ring modeling closes this study.
Cerebrospinal fluid‐dissemination of a ovarian clear cell carcinoma: A leptomeningial carcinomatosis with diagnostic challenges
Authors: Koyuncuer Ali , Varol Eyup , Serarslan Yağcioğlu Bengül , Bükte Yaşar , Sakcı Zakir 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMetastases from ovarian cancer to the central nervous system (CNS) are rare, in particular, isolated leptomeningeal metastases (LM) are extremely rare. The gold standard in the diagnosis of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LC) is the detection of malignant cells in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology. A 58‐year‐old woman diagnosed with ovarian cancer 2 years ago underwent lumbar puncture and CSF cytology in recent months due to new weakness, loss of strength in the lower extremities, and speech disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging CNS was simultaneously visualized and linear leptomeningeal enhancement was demonstrated. CSF cytology showed tumor cells as isolated cells or small clusters of tumor cells with large, partially vacuolated, and abundant cytoplasm, mostly with centrally located nuclei. Given her history of high‐grade clear cell ovarian cancer,CSF cytology was positive for malignant cells and a diagnosis of leptomeningeal carcinomatosis was made by the neuro‐oncology multidisciplinary tumor board. Since LM also implies a systemic disease, the prognosis is very poor, CSF cytology will play an important role in rapid diagnosis and will be useful both in the right choice of treatment and in the early initiation of palliative care.