bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spatial and temporal dynamics of a Nassau grouper fish spawning aggregation located on an isolated seamount in Puerto Rico
Authors: Tuohy Evan , Schärer‐Umpierre Michelle , Penrod Louis , Appeldoorn Richard 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The Nassau grouper, Epinephelus striatus, is a slow‐growing, late‐maturing, long‐lived reef fish widely distributed throughout the south‐western North Atlantic. Known for forming large spawning aggregations, numbering tens of thousands, they are now listed as Critically Endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Recently, the only Nassau grouper spawning aggregation in Puerto Rico was documented at Bajo de Sico, a seamount and seasonally closed marine protected area.
Studies elsewhere on the spatio‐temporal dynamics of Nassau grouper aggregations have documented how, and how far, fish move from home sites to the spawning site, and have shown the tight link between aggregation formation and the lunar cycle. However, these studies have not evaluated the potential impacts of the reduced spatial extent represented by a seamount, nor have they addressed the impacts of local seasonal protection relative to the size of the closed area and the timing of aggregation formation.
Acoustic telemetry was used to quantify the spatio‐temporal dynamics of Nassau grouper spawning aggregation formation at Bajo de Sico. Twenty‐six individuals were tagged and tracked over three consecutive spawning seasons.
Nassau grouper formed three or four aggregations per season, corresponding to the lunar cycles from January to April. Individuals displayed high visitation rates to the aggregation site: 98% visited at least two peaks per season; 80% visited multiple seasons. The timing of arrival, departure, and residency at the site were significantly different among individuals and lunar months, indicating significant variability in aggregation formation. Nassau grouper occupied a relatively small staging area (2.7 km2) and courtship arena (0.67 km2) compared with aggregations occurring on continental/insular platforms or large atolls; movements off the seamount may occur but were not detected. Results indicate the current seasonal closure inadequately protects the spawning population on Bajo de Sico and should be extended to the end of June.
Enantioselective Alkynylation of 2‐Aryl‐3H‐indol‐3‐ones via Cooperative Catalysis of Copper/Chiral Phosphoric Acid
Authors: Wu Xi‐Xi , Ma Tao , Qiao Xiu‐Xiu , Zou Chang‐Peng , Li Ganpeng , He Yonghui , Zhao Xiao‐Jing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA facile enantioselective alkynylation of cyclic ketimines attached to a neutral functional group utilizing the dual Cu(I)‐CPA catalysis is described. The strategy of the alkynylation of 2‐aryl‐3H‐indol‐3‐one directly to chiral propargylic amines containing indolin‐3‐one moiety in good yields and enantioselectivities. Moreover, gram‐scale synthesis of chiral propargylamines based C2‐quaternary indolin‐3‐ones was performed. The synthetic applications were confirmed by transformations of the products with no decrease in the yield and enantioselectivity.
Dealing with uncertainty: A systematic approach to addressing value‐based ethical dilemmas in behavioral services
Authors: Huang Weihe , Lee Gabrielle T. , Zhang Xiaofan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractApplied behavior analysis (ABA) service delivery is a complicated process and some issues stemming from this process can be controversial. Ethical dilemmas can challenge ABA practitioners and require thorough examination. The goal of this paper is to identify the existence of value‐based ethical dilemmas stemming from potential tensions among underlying values and to provide behavior practitioners with a systematic approach to addressing these dilemmas. Specifically, we use a step‐by‐step protocol for ethical deliberation and dilemma resolution in situations involving value‐based ethical dilemmas. We describe the application of this approach to clinical cases and its implications for services provided via telehealth.
Bioadhesive microneedle patches for tissue sealing
Authors: Freundlich Eden , Shimony Neta , Gross Adi , Mizrahi Boaz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSealing of soft tissues prevents leakage of gas and liquid, closes wounds, and promotes healing and is, therefore, of great significance in the clinical and medical fields. Although various formulations have been developed for reliable sealing of soft tissue, tradeoffs between adhesive properties, degradation profile, and tissue toxicity limit their clinical use. Hydrogel‐based adhesives, for example, are highly biocompatible but adhere very weakly to the tissue and degrade quickly, while oxidized cellulose patches are poorly absorbed and may cause healing complications postoperatively. Here, we present a novel strategy for tissue sealing based on bioadhesive microneedle patches that can spontaneously adhere to tissue surface through electrostatic interactions and swell within it. A series of microneedle patches made of pullulan, chitosan, Carbopol, poly (lactic‐co‐glycolic acid), and a Carbopol/chitosan combination were fabricated and characterized for their use in tissue sealing. The effect of microneedle composition on the fabrication process, physical and mechanical properties, in vitro cytotoxicity, and in vivo biocompatibility were examined. The needle structure enables microneedles to strongly fix onto various tissues via physical interlocking, while their adhesive properties improve staying time and sealing capabilities. The microneedle patch comprising Carbopol needles and chitosan as a second pedestal layer presented the best results in terms of sealing and adhesion, a consequence of the needle's swelling and adhesion features combined with the supportive chitosan base layer. Finally, single Carbopol/chitosan patches stopped intense liver bleeding in a rat model significantly quicker and with less blood loss compared with commercial oxidized cellulose patches. These microneedles can be considered a promising cost‐effective platform for adhering and sealing tissues as they can be applied quickly and painlessly, and require less trained medical staff and equipment.
An Acid‐Controlled Method for the Regioselective Functionalization of Anilines over Aliphatic Amines
Authors: Li Bowen , Hu Yulun , Tochtrop Gregory P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRegioselective transformations at similar functional groups are of paramount importance in organic synthesis. Traditional strategies towards regioselective functionalization include serial protection/deprotection and sequential synthesis. Modern organic synthesis emphasizes pathway efficiency and protecting group free routes with a goal of exploiting inherent differences in reactivity. This study reports a method for the regioselective functionalization of anilines over aliphatic amines. Utilizing classic conditions for the Baeyer‐Mills reaction, anilines were shown to react preferentially in the presence of aliphatic amines. Subsequently, this principle of reactivity was extended to other electrophiles and conditions.
Transition Metal Ions Influence the Performance of Photodetector of Two‐Dimensional CdS Nanoplatelets
Authors: Medda Anusri , Ghosh Soubhik , Patra Amitava 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTransition metal‐doped two‐dimensional (2D) semiconductor nanoplatelets (NPLs) with atomically precise thickness have attracted much research interest due to their inherent photo‐physical properties. In this work, we have synthesized 2D Cu‐doped CdS NPLs, investigated the charge transfer dynamics using ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy, and fabricated an efficient photodetector device. A large Stoke's shifted emission at ~685 nm with an average lifetime of about ~1.45 μs is observed in Cu‐doped CdS NPLs. Slower bleach recovery kinetics leads to large charge carrier separation in Cu‐doped NPLs which is beneficial for photodetector applications. Cu‐doped NPLs‐based photodetectors exhibit high photocurrent, fast response (~120 ms), ~600 times higher photoresponsivity, and ~300 times higher detectivity (~4.1×1013 Jones) than undoped CdS NPLs. These excellent properties of Cu‐doped CdS NPLs make this material an efficient alternative for next‐generation optoelectronic devices.
2,4,5,7‐Tetranitrofluorenone Oximate for the Naked‐Eye Detection of H‐Bond Donors and the Chiroptical Sensing of Enantiopure Reagents
Authors: Pál Dávid , Besnard Céline , de Aguirre Adiran , Poblador‐Bahamonde Amalia I. , Pescitelli Gennaro , Lacour Jérôme 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHydrogen bonding greatly influences rates and equilibrium positions of chemical reactions, conformations, and sometimes even stereochemistry. This study reports on tetranitrofluorenone oximate, a novel dye capable of naked‐eye detection of hydrogen‐bond donating species (HBDs) and of rapid determination of H‐bond donation strength by hypsochromic shift monitoring. In addition, the molecule possesses atropisomeric conformations, of M and P configuration, as evidenced in solid and solution state studies by X‐ray diffraction and electronic circular dichroism (ECD), respectively. In the latter case, enantiopure bis‐thioureas were the most effective HBDs to promote a chiral induction (diastereoselective recognition, Pfeiffer effect); the ECD results being rationalized by time‐dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations. Based on these experiments, bis‐thioureas were used as chiral reagents in asymmetric 1,3‐dipolar cycloadditions of structurally‐related nitrones; the ECD sensing of the stereoinduction between bis‐thioureas and the oximate serving as an indirect method of selection of the most effective HBD for asymmetric synthesis.
Schlenk‐Type Equilibria of Grignard‐Analogous Arylberyllium Complexes: Steric Effects**
Authors: Helling Christoph , Jones Cameron 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe presence of complex Schlenk equilibria is a central property of synthetically invaluable Grignard reagents substantially affecting their reactivity and selectivity in chemical transformations. In this work, the steric effects of aryl substituents on the Schlenk‐type equilibria of their lighter congeners, arylberyllium bromides, are systematically studied. Combination of diarylberyllium complexes Ar2Be(OEt2) (1Ar, Ar=Tip, Tcpp; Tip=2,4,6‐iPr3C6H3, Tcpp=2,4,6‐Cyp3C6H3, Cyp=c‐C5H9), containing sterically demanding aryl groups, and BeBr2(OEt2)2 (2) affords the Grignard‐analogous arylberyllium bromides ArBeBr(OEt2) (3Ar, Ar=Tip, Tcpp). In contrast, Mes2Be(OEt2) (1Mes, Mes=2,4,6‐Me3C6H3) and 2 exist in a temperature‐dependent equilibrium with MesBeBr(OEt2) (3Mes) and free OEt2. Ph2Be(OEt2) (1Ph) reacts with 2 to afford dimeric [PhBeBr(OEt2)]2 ([3Ph]2). Moreover, the influence of replacing the OEt2 donor by an N‐heterocyclic carbene, IPr2Me2 (IPr2Me2=C(iPrNCMe)2), on the redistribution reactions was investigated. The solution‐ and solid‐state structures of the diarylberyllium and arylberyllium bromide complexes were comprehensively characterized using multinuclear (1H, 9Be, 13C) NMR spectroscopic methods and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction, while DFT calculations were employed to support the experimental findings.
Diversification and deleterious role of microbiome in gastric cancer
Authors: Chattopadhyay Indranil , Gundamaraju Rohit , Rajeev Ashwin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGut microbiota dictates the fate of several diseases, including cancer. Most gastric cancers (GC) belong to gastric adenocarcinomas (GAC). Helicobacter pylori colonizes the gastric epithelium and is the causative agent of 75% of all stomach malignancies globally. This bacterium has several virulence factors, including cytotoxin‐associated gene A (CagA), vacuolating cytotoxin (VacA), and outer membrane proteins (OMPs), all of which have been linked to the development of gastric cancer. In addition, bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Streptococcus, Clostridium, Haemophilus, Veillonella, Staphylococcus, and Lactobacillus play an important role in the development of gastric cancer. Besides, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) such as Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, and Streptococcus were found in greater abundance in GAC patients. To identify potential diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for GC, it is essential to understand the mechanistic role of H. pylori and other bacteria that contribute to gastric carcinogenesis. Furthermore, understanding bacteria‐host interactions and bacteria‐induced inflammatory pathways in the host is critical for developing treatment targets for gastric cancer.
Liposome Based Near‐Infrared Sensors for the Selective Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide
Authors: Kumar Vinod , Sakla Rahul , Sharma Nancy , Kanika  , Khan Rehan , Jose D. Amilan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCyanine dye‐based new amphiphilic compound NIR‐Amp has been synthesised. NIR‐Amp was embedded with phospholipids DOPC and DPPC to form liposomes based nanoscale chemical sensors NIR‐Lip1 and NIR‐Lip2. Here, two different phospholipids were used to demonstrate the influence of lipid structure, composition and fluidity on sensing of nanosensors. Both the probes show NIR absorption maximum at 790 nm and emission maximum at 815 nm. H2S‐triggered thiolation resulted a remarkable change in color from green to pale yellow. A decrease in UV‐Vis absorption and emission in the NIR region was observed only with H2S. NIR‐Lip1 and NIR‐Lip2 are highly selective for H2S with a LOD of 0.57 μM and 1.24 μM, respectively. It was observed that in a solid‐like gel state, NIR‐Lip1 is slightly more sensitive towards H2S than fluid‐like NIR‐Lip2. The H2S sensing mechanism was confirmed by ESI‐mass and infrared (IR) spectroscopic analysis. Based on the high sensitivity and selectivity, NIR‐Lip1 was employed to detect H2S in vegetable samples. Further, the probes are found to be non‐toxic and established for H2S fluorescence imaging in live cells.
The Importance of Precise Reaction Condition Control for the Comparison of Photocatalyst Materials on the Example of Hydrogen Peroxide Formation over Polymeric Carbon Nitrides
Authors: Wegstein Deborah , Zaim Abdelkarim , Burek Bastien O. , Bloh Jonathan Z. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn our study, we aimed to show how different reaction parameters can affect production rates using photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide formation by different polymeric carbon nitrides (PCN). For this purpose, selected materials were first compared under the same reaction conditions and compared with TiO2 (P25). We also show that different light intensities can have a different influence on seemingly similar materials. Since hydrogen peroxide production in the presence of an electron donor proceeds mainly by reduction of oxygen, we also show an influence of the oxygen flow on the formation rates. Thus, with high oxygen fluxes and high intensities of irradiated light, we were able to achieve an H2O2 concentration of 125 mM after about 25 h. Finally, the two best PCN materials were selected to measure light intensity dependence at different wavelengths up to visible light. It was found that they behaved differently at the different wavelengths and thus it could be shown that an exact specification of the reaction parameters is indispensable for comparisons in the literature.
A null allele of the polyphenol oxidase gene Ppo‐A1 in hexaploid wheat originates from tetraploid wheat
Authors: Nakamaru Akiko , Kato Keita , Ikenaga Sachiko , Nakamura Toshiki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPolyphenol oxidase (PPO) has a major effect on the time‐dependent darkening of noodle products. Development of varieties with low PPO activity is one method to eliminate this problem and respond to the demands of consumers. Among the common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Ppo genes, Ppo‐A1 has the highest effect on grain PPO activity, and several Ppo‐A1 alleles with low or no activity have been reported, with the recently identified Ppo‐A1i allele being the most desirable allele. In this study, reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed that this allele was not expressed and was therefore functionally null. We also determined that Ppo‐A1i has an approximately 3 kb insertion in the second intron. Taking advantage of the insertion sequence, we developed a new co‐dominant marker, PPO18Plus, capable of distinguishing Ppo‐A1a, Ppo‐A1b, and Ppo‐A1i. In addition, we determined that the Ppo‐A1i allele is identical to and originates from the Ppo‐A1g allele of tetraploid wheat. The durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum (Desf.) Husn.) Ppo‐A1g allele has been used to improve pasta color in durum wheat breeding programs. Thus, the PPO18Plus marker developed here will be very useful in both hexaploid and durum wheat breeding programs.
The security‐based optimization algorithm for enhancing the energy efficiency of wireless sensor networks
Authors: Anusha Sowbarnika V. , Balasubramani M. , Kavitha K. 
Published: August 2023

SummaryIn the upcoming era, one of the emergent technologies is “Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs),” which has provided various solutions in the field of defense, surveillance, and so on. But the main problems in the WSNs are security and energy‐efficient routing to the researchers. The deployment of security algorithms can monitor only the unauthorized signals to ensure security, but it lacks and leads to higher energy consumption, whereas the deployment of energy‐efficient routing algorithms is used only for the selection of routing paths, but it fails to ensure security. Hence, the main intent of this research work is to solve both problems by the following proposed models. Model 1 is “Identity‐Based Aggregate Signatures (IBAS)” that is the most effective security‐based framework protocol in this research work. Model 2 is the integration of IBAS and “Fuzzy Logic System (FLS)” that acts as an energy‐efficient algorithm, and here, FLS is used to find the optimal path from source to destination to transmit the data. Model 3 is the combination of IBAS and the “Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA)” for higher energy efficiency and auto localization by analyzing the entire route in WSN. Model 4 is the combination of IBAS, WOA, and the “Reinforcement Theory of WOA (RTWOA)” energy‐efficiency model with a twofold and weight factor strategy for better speed and accuracy. These models ensure security, energy efficiency, and auto localization. The simulation parameters such as “Energy Efficiency,” “Packet Delivery Ratio,” “Average delay,” “Throughput,” and “Energy Consumption” are evaluated, and results show that the performance of energy efficiency and security is higher in Model 4 when compared to the other three models.
Supraclavicular lymph nodes: An easily accessible site for diagnosis and molecular profiling of malignancies in the era of precision medicine
Authors: Bailey Gabrielle E. , Maleki Zahra 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe supraclavicular lymph node (SCN) is a common metastatic site for malignancies of supra and infra‐diaphragmatic origin and is easily accessible for small biopsy and fine needle aspiration (FNA). In this study, the utility of SCN biopsies was analyzed for diagnosis and ancillary studies.MethodsThe electronic pathology archive was searched for cases of FNA of SCNs accompanied by small core biopsies (1/2016–12/2018). The patients' demographics, diagnosis, and ancillary studies were recorded.ResultsEighty‐eight cases were reviewed (49 females and 39 males), with patients' ages ranging from 23 to 84 years (mean = 52.85 years). Fifty‐four (61.4%) specimens were from the left SCN and thirty‐four (38.6%) from the right. All FNA cases were performed by a radiologist under ultrasound guidance and rapid on‐site evaltion (ROSE) was performed by a cytologist. Nineteen cases (21.6%) were benign and sixty‐nine cases were malignant (78.4%). Carcinoma was the most common malignant neoplasm (52.3%) including 38.2% (13/34) of the right SCN and 61.1% (33/54) of the left SCN cases. Metastatic lung and breast adenocarcinomas (9.1% each) were the most common carcinomas overall. Lymphoma was the second most common malignancy (17.0%) including 17.6% (6/34) of the right SCN and 16.7% (9/54) of the left SCN cases. The majority of cases were accomponied by ancillary studies for diagnosis and prognostic markers. Ancillary studies included immunostains (63 cases, 71.6%), PD‐L1 testing (21 cases, 23.9%), FISH testing (7 cases, 8.0%), flow cytometry (20 cases, 22.7%) and NGS studies (8 cases, 9.1%).ConclusionSupraclavicular lymph nodes are easily accessible and diagnostically useful sites for detection of malignancies and molecular alterations responsive to targeted or immune therapy.
Improvements in cardiovascular disease risk factors associated with modest weight loss following treatment in patients with binge‐eating disorder and obesity
Authors: Yurkow Sydney , Ivezaj Valentina , Grilo Carlos M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundModest weight losses may be associated with improvements in cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVDRF) in patients with obesity. The effects of weight losses on CVDRF in persons with binge‐eating disorder (BED) are unknown. This study prospectively examined changes in CVDRF among patients receiving behaviorally‐based weight‐loss treatment (BBWLT) who attained modest weight losses (≥5 to <10% and ≥10%).MethodOf 191 participants, CVDRF variables were re‐assessed in 168 participants at posttreatment and in 151 at 12‐month follow‐up. Participants who attained ≥5 to <10% weight loss were compared to those who did not on CVDRFs (total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglycerides, HbA1C, mean plasma glucose, heart rate, and systolic/diastolic blood pressure); similar comparisons were completed for those who attained ≥10% weight loss.ResultsAt posttreatment, ≥5 to <10% weight loss (N = 42; 25.0%) was associated with significant improvements in HbA1c and mean plasma glucose, whereas ≥10% weight loss (N = 40, 23.8%) was associated with significant improvements in total cholesterol, triglycerides, HbA1c, mean plasma glucose, and heart rate. At 12‐month follow‐up, ≥5 to <10% weight loss (N = 17; 11.1%) was related to significant improvements on HDL, triglycerides, HbA1c, and mean plasma glucose, whereas ≥10% weight loss (N = 40, 26.0%) was associated with significant improvements on all the CVDRF variables (except blood pressure).ConclusionsModest weight loss is associated with significant improvements in CVDRFs in patients with BED and obesity following treatment and at 12‐month follow‐up. Future work should examine whether improvements in CVDRF are attributable to weight loss per se and/or to other related lifestyle changes.Public significance statementIndividuals with binge‐eating disorder and obesity who attain modest weight loss following treatment exhibit improvements in various measures of cardiovascular disease risk compared to those who do not. While weight loss has been challenging for individuals with binge‐eating disorder, clinicians should inform patients of the potential health benefits of modest weight loss. Future research should investigate whether weight loss itself and/or related behavioral lifestyle changes drive improved cardiovascular disease risk factors.