bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The role of early functional neuroimaging in predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes in neonatal encephalopathy
Authors: Pinto Carla R. , Duarte João V. , Marques Carla , Vicente Inês N. , Paiva Catarina , Éloi João , Pereira Daniela J. , Correia Bárbara R. , Castelo-Branco Miguel , Oliveira Guiomar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractReliably assessing the early neurodevelopmental outcomes in infants with neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is of utmost importance to advise parents and implement early and personalized interventions. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of neuroimaging modalities, including functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes in NE. Eighteen newborns with NE due to presumed perinatal asphyxia (PA) were included in the study, 16 of whom underwent therapeutic hypothermia. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and fMRI during passive visual, auditory, and sensorimotor stimulation were acquired between the 10th and 14th day of age. Clinical follow-up protocol included visual and auditory evoked potentials and a detailed neurodevelopmental evaluation at 12 and 18 months of age. Infants were divided according to sensory and neurodevelopmental outcome: severe, moderate disability, or normal. Structural MRI findings were the best predictor of severe disability with an AUC close to 1.0. There were no good predictors to discriminate between moderate disability versus normal outcome. Nevertheless, structural MRI measures showed a significant correlation with the scores of neurodevelopmental assessments. During sensorimotor stimulation, the fMRI signal in the right hemisphere had an AUC of 0.9 to predict absence of cerebral palsy (CP). fMRI measures during auditory and visual stimulation did not predict sensorineural hearing loss or cerebral visual impairment.Conclusion: In addition to structural MRI, fMRI with sensorimotor stimulation may open the gate to improve the knowledge of neurodevelopmental/motor prognosis if proven in a larger cohort of newborns with NE.

What is Known:

• Establishing an early, accurate neurodevelopmental prognosis in neonatal encephalopathy remains challenging.

• Although structural MRI has a central role in neonatal encephalopathy, advanced MRI modalities are gradually being explored to optimize
neurodevelopmental outcome knowledge.

What is New:

• Newborns who later developed cerebral palsy had a trend towards lower fMRI measures in the right sensorimotor area during sensorimotor stimulation.

• These preliminary fMRI results may improve future early delineation of motor prognosis in neonatal encephalopathy.
Immunological effects and activity of multiple doses of zolbetuximab in combination with zoledronic acid and interleukin-2 in a phase 1 study in patients with advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer
Authors: Lordick Florian , Thuss-Patience Peter , Bitzer Michael , Maurus Daniel , Sahin Ugur , Türeci Özlem 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Zolbetuximab (IMAB362) is engineered to induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) and complement-dependent cytotoxicity. We evaluated ADCC activity and the impact of the immune-modulating drugs zoledronic acid (ZA) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) as co-treatment with zolbetuximab on relevant immune cell populations and ADCC lysis activity.

Methods
This phase 1, multicenter, open-label study investigated the immunological effects and activity, safety, tolerability, and antitumor activity of multiple doses of zolbetuximab alone (n = 5) or in combination with ZA (n = 7) or with ZA plus two different dose levels of IL-2 (low dose: 1 million international units [mIU] [n = 9]; intermediate dose: 3 mIU [n = 7]) in pretreated patients with advanced gastric and gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) adenocarcinoma.

Results
Twenty-eight patients with previously treated advanced G/GEJ adenocarcinoma that was CLDN18.2-expressing were enrolled into four treatment arms. Treatment with zolbetuximab + ZA + IL-2 induced short-lived expansion and activation of ADCC-mediating cell populations, namely γ9δ2 T cells and natural killer cells, within 2 days after administration; this effect was more pronounced with intermediate-dose IL-2. Expansion and activation of regulatory T cells treated with either IL2 dose was moderate and short-lived. Strong ADCC activity was observed with zolbetuximab alone. Short-lived ADCC activity was observed in several patients treated with ZA + intermediate-dose IL-2, but not lower-dose IL-2. In the clinical efficacy population, the best confirmed response was stable disease (n = 11/19; 58%).

Conclusions
Zolbetuximab mediates proficient ADCC in patients with pretreated advanced G/GEJ cancers. Co-treatment with ZA + IL-2 did not further improve this effect.
Trial registration: NCT01671774
Resource-dependent foraging behaviour of grazers enhances effects of nutrient enrichment on algal biomass
Authors: Iannino Alessandra , Fink Patrick , Vosshage Alexander Tim Ludwig , Weitere Markus 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBoth the quantity and nutritional quality of food resources can strongly influence the foraging movements of herbivores, which in turn determine the strength of top-down control on primary producer biomass. Nutrient enrichment can alter the biomass and nutritional quality of primary producers, but the consequences for the foraging of herbivores and hence for top-down control are still poorly understood. In this study, we combined a two-factorial experiment (two nutrient levels × grazing by the freshwater gastropod Ancylus fluviatilis) with video analyses tracking grazers’ movements to investigate nutrient enrichment effects on spatial ranges of grazing activity and algal biomass removal. Natural stream biofilms were grown in phosphorus-enriched (P+) and phosphorus-poor flumes (P−) for two weeks before A. fluviatilis were added to the flumes and allowed to graze on biofilm for an additional 2 weeks. Total periphyton biomass was enhanced by P+ and reduced by grazer presence. However, the total grazer effect depended on the nutrient level: at the end of the experiment, on average 95% of algal cover were removed by grazing in the P− flumes versus 26% in the P+ flumes. Fast movements of A. fluviatilis were detected significantly more often in the P− treatment, whereas grazers were detected resting more often in the P+ treatment. Our results demonstrate that nutrient enrichment can increase primary producer biomass both directly and indirectly by limiting the foraging ranges of herbivores. The resulting feedback loop between reduced grazing activity and increased plant biomass might in turn exacerbate eutrophication effects on habitat structure.
Individual consistency in the learning abilities of honey bees: cognitive specialization within sensory and reinforcement modalities
Authors: Finke Valerie , Scheiner Ricarda , Giurfa Martin , Avarguès-Weber Aurore 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe question of whether individuals perform consistently across a variety of cognitive tasks is relevant for studies of comparative cognition. The honey bee (Apis mellifera) is an appropriate model to study cognitive consistency as its learning can be studied in multiple elemental and non-elemental learning tasks. We took advantage of this possibility and studied if the ability of honey bees to learn a simple discrimination correlates with their ability to solve two tasks of higher complexity, reversal learning and negative patterning. We performed four experiments in which we varied the sensory modality of the stimuli (visual or olfactory) and the type (Pavlovian or operant) and complexity (elemental or non-elemental) of conditioning to examine if stable correlated performances could be observed across experiments. Across all experiments, an individual’s proficiency to learn the simple discrimination task was positively and significantly correlated with performance in both reversal learning and negative patterning, while the performances in reversal learning and negative patterning were positively, yet not significantly correlated. These results suggest that correlated performances across learning paradigms represent a distinct cognitive characteristic of bees. Further research is necessary to examine if individual cognitive consistency can be found in other insect species as a common characteristic of insect brains.
Girdin acts as an oncogene in gastric cancer by regulating AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling
Authors: Wang Yun , Fu Qiang , Tao Yun-jian , Ying Sheng-nan , Zhong Heng-gao , Zhu Yue , Qian Xiao-han , Miao Lin , Yang Li-hua 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThE present work focused on exploring Girdin expression within gastric cancer (GC), examining the effect of Girdin on the cell phenotype of GC, and clarifying the underlying mechanisms. Girdin expression in GC samples was identified by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assays. Girdin-targeting siRNAs were transfected into GC cells; later, we examined GC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis, respectively. Additionally, the protein expression was examined through Western blotting assay. Moreover, the tumor implantation experiment was conducted for examining Girdin knockdown in vivo. The results showed that Girdin expression elevated within GC samples, which was associated with the dismal prognostic outcome. Girdin knockdown suppressed GC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and enhanced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Girdin promoted the phosphorylation of AKT, GSK3β, and β-catenin. Moreover, Girdin inhibited the phosphorylation of β-catenin. Girdin suppressed cell apoptosis and stimulated cell migration and invasion, while AKT inhibitor (MK2206) treatment reversed the effect of Girdin overexpression, and GSK3β inhibitor (CHIR99021) treatment enhanced the effect of Girdin overexpression on GC cells. Besides, Girdin delayed tumor growth in vivo. In conclusion, Girdin was abnormally expressed in GC samples, which promoted the development of GC by regulating AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling.
Abnormal left ventricular subendocardial perfusion and diastolic function in women with obesity and heart failure and preserved ejection fraction
Authors: Markley Roshanak , Del Buono Marco Giuseppe , Mihalick Virginia , Pandelidis Alexander , Trankle Cory , Jordan Jennifer H. , Decamp Kevin , Winston Chris , Carbone Salvatore , Billingsley Hayley , Barron Andrew , Thomas Georgia , Van Tassell Benjamin , Hundley W. Gregory , Kellman Peter , Abbate Antonio 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
– Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is common in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and obesity. Stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) has been proposed as a non-invasive tool for detection of CMD. The aim of this study was to determine relationship between CMD and diastolic function in patients with HFpEF using a novel CMR technique.

Methods
– Patients with obesity and HFpEF without epicardial coronary artery disease (CAD) underwent Doppler echocardiography to measure diastolic function, followed by vasodilator stress CMR, using a single bolus, dual sequence, quantitative myocardial perfusion mapping to measure myocardial blood flow (MBF) at rest and at peak hyperemia. With this, myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR), global stress endocardial-to-epicardial (endo:epi) perfusion ratio, and total ischemic burden (IB, defined as myocardial segments with MBF < 1.94 mL/min/g) were calculated. Results are reported as median and interquartile range.

Results
– Nineteen subjects were enrolled (100% female, 42% Black). Median age was 64 [56–72] years. Global stress MBF was 2.43 ml/min/g [2.16–2.78] and global myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR) was 2.34 [2.07–2.88]. All had an abnormal subendocardial perfusion with an endo:epi of less than 1 (0.87 [0.81–0.90]). Regional myocardial hypoperfusion was detected in 14 (74%) patients with an IB of 6% [0-34.4]. Endo:epi ratio significantly correlated with IB (R=-0.510, p = 0.026) and measures of diastolic function (R = 0.531, p = 0.019 and R=-0.544, p = 0.014 for e’ and E/e’ respectively).

Conclusion
– Using a novel quantitative stress CMR myocardial perfusion mapping technique, women with obesity and HFpEF were found to have patterns of abnormal subendocardial perfusion which significantly correlated with measures of diastolic dysfunction.
Liquid biopsy for monitoring of tumor dormancy and early detection of disease recurrence in solid tumors
Authors: Heidrich Isabel , Deitert Benjamin , Werner Stefan , Pantel Klaus 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cancer is one of the three leading causes of death worldwide. Even after successful therapy and achieving remission, the risk of relapse often remains. In this context, dormant residual cancer cells in secondary organs such as the bone marrow constitute the cellular reservoir from which late tumor recurrences arise. This dilemma leads the term of minimal residual disease, which reflects the presence of tumor cells disseminated from the primary lesion to distant organs in patients who lack any clinical or radiological signs of metastasis or residual tumor cells left behind after therapy that eventually lead to local recurrence. Disseminated tumor cells have the ability to survive in a dormant state following treatment and linger unrecognized for more than a decade before emerging as recurrent disease. They are able to breakup their dormant state and to readopt their proliferation under certain circumstances, which can finally lead to distant relapse and cancer-associated death. In recent years, extensive molecular and genetic characterization of disseminated tumor cells and blood-based biomarker has contributed significantly to our understanding of the frequency and prevalence of tumor dormancy. In this article, we describe the clinical relevance of disseminated tumor cells and highlight how latest advances in different liquid biopsy approaches can be used to detect, characterize, and monitor minimal residual disease in breast cancer, prostate cancer, and melanoma patients.
Milk intake, lactase persistence genotype, plasma proteins and risks of cardiovascular events in the Swedish general population
Authors: Zhang Shunming , Li Huiping , Engström Gunnar , Niu Kaijun , Qi Lu , Borné Yan , Sonestedt Emily 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTo investigate the associations of milk intake (non-fermented and fermented milk), lactase persistence (LCT-13910 C/T) genotype (a proxy for long-term non-fermented milk intake), and gene-milk interaction with risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and CVD mortality. Also, to identify the CVD-related plasma proteins and lipoprotein subfractions associated with milk intake and LCT-13910 C/T genotype. The prospective cohort study included 20,499 participants who were followed up for a mean of 21 years. Dietary intake was assessed using a modified diet history method. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). After adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, higher non-fermented milk intake was significantly associated with higher risks of coronary heart disease (CHD) and CVD mortality, whereas higher fermented milk intake was significantly associated with lower risks of CVD and CVD mortality. The genotype associated with higher milk (mainly non-fermented) intake was positively associated with CHD (CT/TT vs. CC HR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.55) and CVD (HR = 1.22; 95% CI: 1.05, 1.42). The association between rs4988235 genotype and CVD mortality was stronger in participants with higher milk intake than among participants with lower intake (P for interaction < 0.05). Furthermore, leptin, HDL, and large HDL were associated with non-fermented milk intake, while no plasma proteins or lipoprotein subfractions associated with fermented milk intake and LCT-13910 C/T genotype were identified. In conclusion, non-fermented milk intake was associated with higher risks of CHD and CVD mortality, as well as leptin and HDL, whereas fermented milk intake was associated with lower risks of CVD and CVD mortality.
Narratives of ‘delayed success’: a life course perspective on understanding Vietnamese international students’ decisions to drop out of PhD programmes
Authors: Phan Hao Phuong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPhD (non-)completion rates have been considered important criteria with which to evaluate the effectiveness of doctoral programmes and of universities’ performance. To date, there has been a lack of qualitative studies on the voices and experiences of funded international students who discontinue doctoral research degrees. This paper uses qualitative methods and six themes of a life course perspective to uncover the ‘hidden’ experience of international Vietnamese students who dropped out of funded doctoral programmes in social sciences and humanities. Its findings suggest that linked/independent lives and the timing of live themes helped to understand reasons for international doctoral students to drop out, which underline their engagement with research networks, academic identity and familial responsibilities. Meanwhile, the consequences of dropout illustrate the intersections of five themes: linked/independent lives, development risk and projects, the timing of lives/interplay of human lives and historical times, and diversity in life courses. The five themes capture diverse life trajectories and forms of agency developed by PhD non-completers while negotiating social pressures and institutional politics in their home institution as well as their perceptions of well-being and life priorities. Their life trajectories and forms of agency are gendered and culturally specific, with female non-completers being more active in searching for and building back their ‘agentic orientations’ through learning new skills, entering motherhood or leaving academic institutions. These findings are useful for reflecting on the current supporting structures, especially mental health support, for international doctoral students and supervisor training.
Hierarchical Model Reduction Driven by Machine Learning for Parametric Advection-Diffusion-Reaction Problems in the Presence of Noisy Data
Authors: Lupo Pasini Massimiliano , Perotto Simona 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe propose a new approach to generate a reliable reduced model for a parametric elliptic problem, in the presence of noisy data. The reference model reduction procedure is the directional HiPOD method, which combines Hierarchical Model reduction with a standard Proper Orthogonal Decomposition, according to an offline/online paradigm. In this paper we show that directional HiPOD looses in terms of accuracy when problem data are affected by noise. This is due to the interpolation driving the online phase, since it replicates, by definition, the noise trend. To overcome this limit, we replace interpolation with Machine Learning fitting models which better discriminate relevant physical features in the data from irrelevant unstructured noise. The numerical assessment, although preliminary, confirms the potentialities of the new approach.
Metastability for Kawasaki Dynamics on the Hexagonal Lattice
Authors: Baldassarri Simone , Jacquier Vanessa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this paper we analyze the metastable behavior for the Ising model that evolves under Kawasaki dynamics on the hexagonal lattice $${\mathbb {H}}^2$$

H

2

in the limit of vanishing temperature. Let $$\varLambda \subset {\mathbb {H}}^2$$

Λ
⊂

H

2

a finite set which we assume to be arbitrarily large. Particles perform simple exclusion on $$\varLambda $$
Λ
, but when they occupy neighboring sites they feel a binding energy $$-U<0$$

-
U
<
0

. Along each bond touching the boundary of $$\varLambda $$
Λ
from the outside to the inside, particles are created with rate $$\rho =e^{-\varDelta \beta }$$

ρ
=

e

-
Δ
β

, while along each bond from the inside to the outside, particles are annihilated with rate 1, where $$\beta $$
β
is the inverse temperature and $$\varDelta >0$$

Δ
>
0

is an activity parameter. For the choice $$\varDelta \in {(U,\frac{3}{2}U)}$$

Δ
∈

(
U
,

3
2

U
)

we prove that the empty (resp. full) hexagon is the unique metastable (resp. stable) state. We determine the asymptotic properties of the transition time from the metastable to the stable state and we give a description of the critical configurations. We show how not only their size but also their shape varies depending on the thermodynamical parameters. Moreover, we emphasize the role that the specific lattice plays in the analysis of the metastable Kawasaki dynamics by comparing the different behavior of this system with the corresponding system on the square lattice.
Landscape structure is a key driver of soil protist diversity in meadows in the Swiss Alps
Authors: Seppey Christophe V. W. , Lara Enrique , Broennimann Olivier , Guisan Antoine , Malard Lucie , Singer David , Yashiro Erika , Fournier Bertrand 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Context
Human-induced changes in landscape structure are among the main causes of biodiversity loss. Despite their important contribution to biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, microbes—and particularly protists—remain spatially understudied. Soil microbiota are most often driven by local soil properties, but the influence of the surrounding landscape is rarely assessed.

Objectives
We assessed the effect of landscape structure on soil protist alpha and beta diversity in meadows in the western Swiss Alps.

Methods
We sampled 178 plots along an elevation gradient representing a broad range of environmental conditions and land-use. We measured landscape structure around each plot at 5 successive spatial scales (i.e. neighbourhood windows of increasing radius, ranging from 100 to 2000 m around a plot). We investigated the changes of protist alpha and beta diversity as a function of landscape structure, local environmental conditions and geographic distance.

Results
Landscape structures, especially percentage of meadows, forests, or open habitats, played a key role for protist alpha and beta diversity. The importance of landscape structure was comparable to that of environmental conditions and spatial variables, and increased with the size of the neighbourhood window considered.

Conclusions
Our results suggest that dispersal from neighbouring habitats is a key driver of protist alpha and beta diversity which highlight the importance of landscape-scale assembly mechanisms for microbial diversity. Landscape structure emerges as a key driver of microbial communities which has profound implications for our understanding of the consequences of land-use change on soil microbial communities and their associated functions.