bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modulation of Aβ42 Aggregation Kinetics and Pathway by Low‐Molecular‐Weight Inhibitors
Authors: Hutchison Marie‐Theres , Bellomo Giovanni , Cherepanov Alexey , Stirnal Elke , Fürtig Boris , Richter Christian , Linhard Verena , Gurewitsch Elina , Lelli Moreno , Morgner Nina , Schrader Thomas , Schwalbe Harald 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe aggregation of amyloid‐β 42 (Aβ42) is directly related to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Here, we have investigated the early stages of the aggregation process, during which most of the cytotoxic species are formed. Aβ42 aggregation kinetics, characterized by the quantification of Aβ42 monomer consumption, were tracked by real‐time solution NMR spectroscopy (RT‐NMR) allowing the impact that low‐molecular‐weight (LMW) inhibitors and modulators exert on the aggregation process to be analysed. Distinct differences in the Aβ42 kinetic profiles were apparent and were further investigated kinetically and structurally by using thioflavin T (ThT) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), respectively. LMW inhibitors were shown to have a differential impact on early‐state aggregation. Insight provided here could direct future therapeutic design based on kinetic profiling of the process of fibril formation.
Hydrogenation of CO2 into Formates by Ligand‐Capped Palladium Heterogeneous Catalysts
Authors: Fernández‐Martínez M. Dolores , Godard Cyril 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of two series of catalysts based on ligand‐capped supported Pd nanoparticles was carried out using a simple procedure and the resulting materials were tested in the formate synthesis. Within these series, PPh3 revealed the most appropriate stabilizing ligand while TiO2 was the most efficient support for these catalysts. The hydrogenation of CO2 was carried out under mild reaction conditions (1.8 MPa CO2, 1.8 MPa H2, 60 °C) using water as solvent and in the presence of a base, providing excellent selectivity towards formates with a TON of 1032 (TOF of 69 h−1, [HCOOK]=1.1 mol/l).
Amorphous‐Confined Crystalline CuO Nanoflakes for Enhanced Ethylene Production from CO2 Electroreduction
Authors: Zhao Dandan , Zhang Shaoyang , Guo Tianyu , Zhao Qiang , Du Jianping , Li Jinping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to high value‐added chemicals is one of the effective technologies to achieve the goal of carbon neutralization. However, highly selective production of hydrocarbon via electrochemical conversion of CO2 still has great challenges. Herein, a unique CuO phase composition is constructed that consists of rectangular nanoflakes possessing crystalline/amorphous structures by the facile strategy. Crystalline CuO square nanoblocks are confined in amorphous nanoflakes and form crystalline/amorphous hybrid phase. The results of electrocatalytic CO2 reduction demonstrate that this crystalline/amorphous CuO material exhibits superior CO2 conversion ability with ethylene Faradaic efficiency of 58.3 % at −1.08 V vs. RHE, which is ascribed to nanoflake structures and fast electron transfer on the crystalline/amorphous interfaces because of superior conductivity of amorphous CuO. The present research provides an effective route to reconstruct novel crystalline/amorphous interfaces of CuO for catalysis applications.
Heterointerfacial Cobalt/Zinc Sulfides on Molybdenum Disulfide Coated Carbon Cloth as Self‐Supporting Electrode for Flexible Metal‐Air Batteries
Authors: Dong Xinran , Zhang Jie , Shi Weiyi , Wu Bingzheng , Wang Gang , Chen Jinwei , Wang Ruilin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRational design of effective non‐precious metal for both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is urgently demanded for flexible metal‐air batteries. Engineering heterointerfaces between metal compounds is an attractive strategy for fabricating high‐performance bifunctional electrocatalysts. Herein, a facile spontaneous sulfurization strategy is developed to fabricate the self‐supporting electrode consisting of homogeneous Co3S4and ZnS on MoS2with abundant sulfur vacancies, as well as the unique heterointerfaces and conductive carbon skeleton. Owing to the hierarchical structure and more exposed active sites, the optimal Co(Zn0.5)@MoS2/CC electrode exhibits excellent bifunctional catalytic activity with the smaller ΔE value (Ej=10,OER−E1/2,ORR) and durability. Furthermore, Co(Zn0.5)@MoS2/CC based all‐solid‐state zinc‐air and aluminum‐air batteries also deliver high open‐circle voltage, desirable power density and flexibility. This approach offers a novel method to obtain the self‐supporting electrodes with porous structure and highly active metal sulfides.
Removal of Hexavalent Chromium Using Emulsion Liquid Membrane with Jet Mixer: A Continuous Approach
Authors: Kavitha Subramanian , Baral Saroj Sundar , Ganesan Surendran 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe present study was aimed at eliminating CrVI from effluent streams by means of an emulsion liquid membrane generated by palm oil, Span 80 (surfactant), bis(2‐ethylhexyl) phosphate (carrier), and NaOH, used as an emulsion in the stripping phase. Jet mixing was used for homogenization and agitation of a continuous system for CrVI removal. The effects of process parameters such as carrier concentration, pH, and internal phase concentration on the transfer of CrVI from the internal to the membrane phase were studied. The results from batch studies were analyzed and incorporated in the continuous process.
Exciplex‐Forming Cohost Systems with 2,3‐Dicyanopyrazinophenanthrene‐based Acceptors to Achieve Efficient Near Infrared OLEDs
Authors: Liu Guan‐Cheng , Huang Tzu‐Hao , Wang Hao‐Wen , Hsu Chao‐Hsien , Chou Pi‐Tai , Hung Wen‐Yi , Wong Ken‐Tsung 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTwo new 2,3‐dicyanopyrazinophenanthrene‐based acceptors (A) p‐QCN and m‐QCN were synthesized to blend with a donor (D) CPTBF for the exciplex formation. The energy levels of p‐QCN and m‐QCN are modulated by the peripheral substituents 4‐ and 3‐benzonitrile, respectively. Exciplex‐forming blends were identified by the observation of the red‐shifted emissions from various D : A blends with higher ratios of donor for suppressing the aggregation of acceptor. The two‐component relaxation processes observed by time‐resolved photoluminescence support the thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) character of the exciplex‐forming blends. The device employing CPTBF : p‐QCN and (2 : 1) and CPTBF : m‐QCN (2 : 1) blend as the emitting layer (EML) gave EQEmax of 1.76 % and 5.12 %, and electroluminescence (EL) λmax of 629 nm and 618 nm, respectively. The device efficiency can be further improved to 4.32 % and 5.57 % with CPTBF : p‐QCN and (4 : 1) and CPTBF : m‐QCN (4 : 1) as the EML, which is consistent with their improved photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs). A new fluorescent emitter BPBBT with photoluminescence (PL) λmax of 726 nm and a high PLQY of 67 % was synthesized and utilized as the dopant of CPTBF : m‐QCN (4 : 1) cohost system. The device employing CPTBF : m‐QCN (4 : 1): 5 wt.% BPBBT as the EML gave an EQEmax of 5.02 % and EL λmax centered at 735 nm, however, the weak residual exciplex emission remains. By reducing the donor ratio, the exciplex emission can be completely transferred to BPBBT and the corresponding device with CPTBF : m‐QCN (2 : 1): 5 wt.% BPBBT as the EML can achieve EL λmax of 743 nm and EQEmax of 4.79 %. This work manifests the high efficiency near infrared (NIR) OLED can be realized by triplet excitons harvesting of exciplex‐forming cohost system, followed by the effective energy transfer to an NIR fluorescent dopant.
Red‐to‐Near‐Infrared Emitting PyrrolylBODIPY Dyes: Synthesis, Photophysical Properties and Bioimaging Application
Authors: Miao Wei , Guo Xing , Yan Xi , Shang Yingjian , Yu Changjiang , Dai En , Jiang Ting , Hao Erhong , Jiao Lijuan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNear‐infrared (NIR) fluorophores with characteristics such as deep tissue penetration, minimal damage to the biological samples, and low background interference, are highly sought‐after materials for in vivo and deep‐tissue fluorescence imaging. Herein, series of 3‐pyrrolylBODIPY derivatives and 3,5‐dipyrrolylBODIPY derivatives have been prepared by a facile regioselective nucleophilic aromatic substitution reaction (SNAr) on 3,5‐halogenated BODIPY derivatives (3,5‐dibromo or 2,3,5,6‐tetrachloroBODIPYs) with pyrroles. The installation of a pyrrolic unit onto the 3‐position of the BODIPY chromophore leads to a dramatic red shift of both the absorption (up to 160 nm) and the emission (up to 260 nm) in these resultant 3‐pyrrolylBODIPYs with respect to that of the BODIPY chromophore. Their further 5‐positional functionalization provides a facile way to fine tune their photophysical properties, and these resulting dipyrrolylBODIPYs and functionalized pyrrolylBODIPYs show strong absorption in the deep red‐to‐NIR regions (595–684 nm) and intense NIR fluorescence emission (650–715 nm) in dichloromethane. To demonstrate the applicability of these functionalized pyrrolylBODIPYs as NIR fluorescent probes for cell imaging, pyrrolylBODIPY 6 a containing mitochondrion‐targeting butyltriphenylphosphonium cationic species was also prepared. It selectively localized in mitochondria of HeLa cells, with low cytotoxicity and intense deep red fluorescence emission.
Broad‐scope Syntheses of [11C/18F]Trifluoromethylarenes from Aryl(mesityl)iodonium Salts
Authors: Telu Sanjay , Jana Susovan , Haskali Mohammad B. , Yeun Yang Bo , Jakobsson Jimmy E. , Zhao Qunchao , Ramos‐Torres Karla M. , Brugarolas Pedro , Pike Victor W. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEfficient methods for labeling aryl trifluoromethyl groups to provide novel radiotracers for use in biomedical research with positron emission tomography (PET) are keenly sought. We report a broad‐scope method for labeling trifluoromethylarenes with either carbon‐11 (t1/2=20.4 min) or fluorine‐18 (t1/2=109.8 min) from readily accessible aryl(mesityl)iodonium salts. In this method, the aryl(mesityl)iodonium salt is treated rapidly with no‐carrier‐added [11C]CuCF3 or [18F]CuCF3. The mesityl group acts as a spectator allowing radiolabeled trifluoromethylarenes to be obtained with very high chemoselectivity. Radiochemical yields from aryl(mesityl)iodonium salts bearing either electron‐donating or electron‐withdrawing groups at meta‐ or para‐ position are good to excellent (67–96 %). Ortho‐substituted and otherwise sterically hindered trifluoromethylarenes still give good yields (15–34 %). Substituted heteroaryl(mesityl)iodonium salts are also viable substrates. The broad scope of this method was further exemplified by labeling a previously inaccessible target, [11C]p‐trifluoromethylphenyl boronic acid, as a potentially useful labeling synthon. In addition, fluoxetine, leflunomide, and 3‐trifluoromethyl‐4‐aminopyridine, as examples of small drug‐like molecules and candidate PET radioligands, were successfully labeled in high yields (69–81 %).
An efficient fault tolerance scheme based enhanced firefly optimization for virtual machine placement in cloud computing
Authors: Sheeba Adlin , Uma Maheswari B. 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThe virtual machine placement for the highly reliable cloud application is considered as one of the challenging and critical issues. To tackle such an issue, this article proposes the enhanced firefly algorithm based virtual machine placement model. But the migration time of the virtual machine placement is high and to reduce the migration time of the virtual machine placement, this article utilizes the K‐means clustering algorithm. In addition, to obtain the optimal cluster for the virtual machine placement, the adaptive particle swarm optimization with the coyote optimization algorithm is employed. The experimental results are conducted for the proposed approach using various measures such as transmission overhead, total execution time, packet size, parallel applications numbers, and virtual machine numbers. The results demonstrate that the proposed method offers improved performance and an optimal virtual machine placement scheme with respect to the various constraint factors. The evaluation exposes that the proposed method offers less execution time when compared to other methods.
3 a,6 a‐Diaza‐1,4‐Diphosphapentalenes: Synthesis and Complexation with the Organic π‐Acceptor 1,2,4,5‐Tetracyanobenzene
Authors: Zolotareva Natalia , Sushev Vyacheslav , Panova Yulia , Khristolyubova Alexandra , Grishin Matvei , Rumyantcev Roman , Fukin Georgy , Kornev Alexander 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe reaction of PCl3with diethyl ketazine and 4‐phenylcyclohexanone azine results in the formation of 1,4‐dichloro‐3a,6a‐diaza‐1,4‐diphosphapentalenes which were reduced by magnesium in THF to give corresponding diazadiphosphapentalenes EtMeDDP and PhcHexDDP, containing two‐coordinate phosphorus atoms. According to the CVA data, the new diazadiphosphapentalenes are strong electron donors showing oxidation peak potentials at 0.34 and 0.10 V, respectively, (vs. Ag/AgCl). Interaction of 1,2,4,5‐tetracyanobenzene (TCNB) with the obtained diazadiphosphapentalenes in any stoichiometry produces sandwich complexes of the composition DDP‐TCNB‐DDP. Black‐purple crystals of π‐complexes contain infinite molecular chains with short P⋅⋅⋅P contacts between DDP molecules and short (Csp2−H⋅⋅⋅N) contacts between TCNB molecules. Calculations showed that each TCNB molecule is an acceptor of ∼0.3e from two DDP molecules. Estimation of the HOMO‐LUMO gap from the onset of optical absorption give values of 1.25 eV and 1.31 eV for [(EtMeDDP)2(TCNB)] and [(PhcHexDDP)2(TCNB)] respectively.
Childhood maladaptive coping mechanisms and the subsequent development of depression
Authors: Reich James , Schatzberg Alan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundDepression is a major source of symptoms and disability. In adults, maladaptive coping (usually characterized as personality dysfunction) has been shown to be associated with a depression diagnosis and poorer depression outcome. As adults with maladaptive coping difficulties are more prone to depression, we hypothesized that children with childhood disorders that involve poor coping would increase the risk of later developing depressive disorders.MethodsLongitudinal studies of conduct disorder (CD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and Disruptive Disorder (DD) that included a later measure of depressive disorder were reviewed. Meta‐analyses of CD and ODD + DD were performed to predict increased odds of depression.ResultsEight longitudinal studies were found where there was a measure of CD followed by depressive disorder assessment and nine studies for the variables ODD + DD. All of these studies showed these diagnoses were a significant risk factor for later depression. For the studies included in the meta‐analysis CD predicted depression OR = 3.9 (1.6–9.3) (six studies), while ODD + DD also predicted depression OR = 5.6 (2.7–11.8) (five studies).ConclusionsChildhood disorders with maladaptive coping may increase the odds of later development of a depressive disorder diagnosis. If so, these diagnoses might also indicate an early intervention possibility to prevent depression.
Patterns of stress response to foreign eggs by a rejecter host of an obligate avian brood parasite
Authors: Abolins‐Abols Mikus , Peterson Mark , Studer Brett , Hale Mattison , Hanley Daniel , Bentley George , Hauber Mark E. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOne of the most effective defenses of avian hosts against obligate brood parasites is the ejection of parasitic eggs from the nests. Despite the clear fitness benefits of this behavior, individuals within so‐called “egg‐rejecter” host species still show substantial variation in their propensity to eliminate foreign eggs from the nest. We argue that this variation can be further understood by studying the physiological mechanisms of host responses to brood parasitic egg stimuli: independent lines of research increasingly support the hypothesis that stress‐related physiological response to parasitic eggs may trigger egg rejection. The “stress‐mediated egg rejection” hypothesis requires that hosts activate the stress‐response when responding to parasitic egg stimuli. We tested this prediction by asking whether hosts showed differential stress response when exposed to host‐like (mimetic) or parasite‐like (non‐mimetic) eggs. We experimentally parasitized incubating American robins Turdus migratorius, a robust egg‐rejecter host to obligate brood parasitic brown‐headed cowbirds Molothrus ater, with mimetic or non‐mimetic model eggs. To assess the stress response, we measured the heart rate in incubating females immediately after experimental parasitism. We also measured plasma corticosterone and, in a subset of birds, used RNA‐sequencing to analyze the expression of proopiomelanocortin (POMC), a precursor of adrenocorticotropic hormone, 2 h after experimental parasitism. We found that egg type had no effect on heart rate. Two hours following experimental parasitism, plasma corticosterone did not differ between the differently‐colored model egg treatments or between rejecter and accepter females within the non‐mimetic treatment. However, females exposed to non‐mimetic eggs showed an upregulation of POMC gene expression (before FDR correction) in the pituitary compared with females treated with mimetic eggs. Our findings suggest that in an egg‐rejecter host species, non‐mimetic parasitic eggs may increase the activity of the stress‐related hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis compared with mimetic eggs, although the temporal dynamics of this response are not yet understood.
Improving data embedding capacity into Base45 encoded strings
Authors: Botta Marco , Cavagnino Davide 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the context of data hiding reversible embedding of information into printable string encoded data may provide a solution to store extra bits for various applications. A previous work demonstrated how to leverage the unused configurations for Base45 and Base85 encodings to store data into files and QR‐codes. In this paper we show that adapting the encoding to the byte distribution statistics of various data and file types significantly improves the payload for Base45 encoded data like QR‐codes.
An investigation into the probability that this is the last year of the economic expansion
Authors: Keil Manfred , Leamer Edward , Li Yao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe paper finds determinants for the end of U.S. economic expansions since 1960 using a binary variable approach. Different from previous studies, we specify a left‐hand side variable that is coded as one during the year prior to NBER dated recessions rather than during recessions. We thereby avoid confounding the occurrence of a recession with its length. We limit the sample by excluding recession periods and the recovery months during the subsequent expansions. This eliminates contamination of the conclusions by taking out observations for which subsequent recessions are unlikely. The resulting specification with the interest rate spread as a predictor outperforms the traditionally used equation and is robust against alternative specifications regarding the warning period.
Eligibility criteria to cisplatin in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Egyptian expert opinion
Authors: Abdulla Mohamed , Belal Abdel Aziz , Sakr Amr , El Arab Lobna E. , Mokhtar Mohsen , Allahloubi Nasr , Ghali Ramy , Hashem Tarek , Arafat Waleed 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe use of cisplatin in clinical practice in the management of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is limited by its toxicity and acquired resistance, which makes the decision‐making process of its prescription multifactorial.MethodsAn Egyptian expert panel (comprising nine Egyptian oncologists) meeting was held after a comprehensive literature review on the use of cisplatin in HNSCC. The panel aimed to develop a consensus on evidence‐based recommendations for receiving cisplatin in the chemoradiotherapy management of HNSCC in Egyptian clinical practice.ResultsThe panel indicated that an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status (ECOG PS) > 2, creatinine clearance (CCR) < 50 ml/min, neuropathy grade ≥ 2, pre‐existing hearing loss or tinnitus ≥2, hematological problems (platelets < 100,000/mm3, neutrophils < 1500/mm, and hemoglobin < 9 g/dl), and heart failure of New York Heart Association Classes III or IV (even if cardiovascular therapy is optimized); are all absolute contraindications to receiving cisplatin. On the other hand, relative contraindications to cisplatin according to the panel were an ECOG PS of 2, age more than 70 years, CCR between 50 and 60 ml/min, grade 1 neuropathy, grade 1 hearing loss, involuntary weight loss of ≥20% of body weight, Child–Pugh Scores B and C, previous induction chemotherapy, and heart failure of New York Heart Association Classes I or II with left ventricular ejection fraction ≤50%. The panel agreed that the socioeconomic status of patients should be considered when prescribing cisplatin to HNSCC patients.ConclusionOur discussion resulted in a set of evidence‐based recommendations for cisplatin eligibility criteria in patients of HNSCC in Egypt.
The correlation of Th22 and regulatory T cells with Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with chronic gastritis
Authors: Yao Biyu , Xu Xiaoyan , Liu Weijie , Zhang Qin , Wang Wei , Huang Zhiming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveHelicobacter pylori is planted in the human stomach and is the most common cause of chronic gastritis, which produced specific local and systemic humoral immunity, while the associations of these immune responses and H. pylori in the development of chronic gastritis remain unclear.MethodsThis study analyzed histology, the number of Th22 and regulatory T (Treg) cells, and the levels of inflammation‐ and gastritis‐related indicators between 22 H. pylori‐infected and 24 non‐H. pylori‐infected chronic gastritis patients by hematoxylin‐eosin staining, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative reverse transcription PCR, and flow cytometry analysis.ResultsThis study found that the pathological damage degree of gastric mucosa in H. pylori infection patients was more serious. In the H. pylori‐infected patient serum, the gastrin, G‐17, interleukins (IL)‐22, transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, IL‐4, and IL‐17A levels were notably raised, while the interferon (IFN)‐γ level was inhibited, and in gastric mucosa, and except IFN‐γ, the IL‐22, forkhead box P3 (Foxp3), TNF‐α, IL‐4, and IL‐17A mRNA levels were raised too. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis indicates serum IL‐22, TGF‐β, TNF‐α, IL‐4, and IL‐17A are suitable for differential diagnosis of H. pylori infection. In addition, in the peripheral blood, the percentages of the IL‐22+ CD4+ and Foxp3+ CD4+ T cells were raised with H. pylori infection. The positive correlation between IL‐22 and Foxp3 mRNA levels and the degree of H. pylori colonization and gastric mucositis by Pearson's correlation analysis.ConclusionsTreg and Th22 cells were positively associated with the degree of H. pylori infection and the severity of gastritis. In summary, this study provides an experimental basis for the study of the eradication of H. pylori and the biological mechanism of chronic gastritis.