bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disrespectful and inadequate palliative care to transgender persons
Authors: Berkman Cathy , Stein Gary L. , Javier Noelle Marie , O’Mahony Sean , Maingi Shail , Godfrey David 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to describe disrespectful, inadequate, and abusive care to seriously ill patients who identify as transgender and their partners.MethodsA cross-sectional mixed methods study was conducted. The sample included 865 nurses, physicians, social workers, and chaplains. Respondents were asked whether they had observed disrespectful, inadequate, or abusive care due to the patient being transgender and to describe such care.ResultsOf the 21.3% of participants who reported observing discriminatory care to a transgender patient, 85.3% had observed disrespectful care, 35.9% inadequate care, and 10.3% abusive care. Disrespectful care included insensitivity; rudeness, ridicule, and gossip by staff; not acknowledging or accepting the patient’s gender identity or expression; privacy violations; misgendering; and using the incorrect name. Inadequate care included denying, delaying, or rushing care; ignorance of appropriate medical and other care; and marginalizing or ignoring the spouse/partner.Significance of resultsThese findings illustrate discrimination faced by seriously ill transgender patients and their spouse/partners. Providers who are disrespectful may also deliver inadequate care to transgender patients, which may result in mistrust of providers and the health-care system. Inadequate care due to a patient’s or spouse’s/partner’s gender identity is particularly serious. Dismissing spouses/partners as decision-makers or conferring with biological family members against the patient’s wishes may result in unwanted care and constitute a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) violation. Institutional policies and practices should be assessed to determine the degree to which they are affirming to both patients and staff, and revised if needed. Federal and state civil rights legislation protecting the LGBTQ+ community are needed, particularly given the rampant transphobic legislation and the majority of states lacking civil rights laws protecting LGBTQ+ people. Training healthcare professionals and staff to become competent and comfortable treating transgender patients is critical to providing optimal care for these seriously ill patients and their spouse/partner.
Authigenic Carbonate Precipitation at Yam Seep Controlled by Continuous Fracturing and Uplifting of Four‐Way Closure Ridge Offshore SW Taiwan
Authors: Tseng Yiting , Smrzka Daniel , Lin Saulwood , Schröder‐Ritzrau Andrea , Frank Norbert , Bohrmann Gerhard 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHydrocarbon seeps are common manifestations of gas leakage from the seafloor. However, the fate of methane seepage within the gas hydrate stability zone at active margins is poorly constrained. This study presents a 40‐thousand‐year record of hydrocarbon seepage archived by a ∼5‐m long core composed of authigenic carbonate from the Yam Seep area, Four‐Way Closure Ridge off SW Taiwan. Different carbonate microfacies could be distinguished: Consolidated microcrystalline aragonite representing lithified host sediments intercalated by pure aragonite present in 10–50 cm thick intervals in the core. These aragonite intervals are interpreted as having precipitated within former fractures in the host rock. High resolution U‐Th dating of these aragonites is interpreted to record the minimum age of the opening of these fractures. The chronology of aragonite precipitation throughout the core suggests a record of continuous seepage from ∼41 to 2 ka that fluctuated in intensity over this time period. The chronology of putative fracturing events and observed carbonate precipitation suggest (a) an active period of fracturing and seepage from ∼37 to 27 ka, (b) a more quiescent period from ∼27 to 16 ka, followed by (c) another active period from ∼16 to 12 ka. A schematic model illustrates the evolution of carbonate formation within the core influenced by faulting, fracturing, erosion, gas hydrate accumulation, and aragonite precipitation and provides a unique 40,000‐year‐old record of methane seepage and crucial insights into the dynamics of long‐term seepage systems at active margins.
Poroviscoelastic Gravitational Dynamics
Authors: Kamata S. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractGlobal‐scale periodic deformation has been studied using the (visco)elastic gravitational theory, which assumes a planetary body consists of solid or liquid layers. Recent planetary exploration missions, however, suggest that a global layer of a mixture of solid and liquid exists in several planetary bodies. This study provides a theory of periodic deformation of such a layer unifying the viscoelastic gravitational theory with the theory of poroelasticity without introducing additional constraints. The governing equation system and a formulation suitable for numerical calculation are given. Equations used to calculate the energy dissipation rate are also given. The analytical solutions for a homogeneous sphere are obtained using an eigenvalue approach. Simple numerical calculations assuming a homogeneous sphere reveal that a numerical instability occurs if a thick porous layer, a low permeability, or a high frequency is assumed. This instability can be avoided by choosing an appropriate interior structure model that is numerically equivalent. Different simple numerical calculations adopting a multilayered, radially varying interior profile reveal that the radial profile of the tidal heating rate for a fluid‐saturated porous layer and that for a low‐viscosity solid layer are completely different. In addition, the radial variation in porosity can lead to a factor of ∼100 increase in the local heating rate. These results indicate that future studies should consider a wider variety of detailed interior structure models.
What Is a Polygonal Impact Crater? A Proposed Framework Toward Quantifying Crater Shapes
Authors: Robbins Stuart J. , Riggs Jamie D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractImpact craters are used for a wide array of investigations of planetary surfaces. A crater form that is somewhat rare, forming only ∼10% of impact craters, is the polygonal impact crater (or PIC). These craters have been visually, manually identified as having at least two rim segments that are best represented as straight lines. Such straight lines or edges are most often used to infer details about the subsurface crust where faults control the structure of the crater cavity as it formed. The PIC literature is scant, but almost exclusively these craters are identified manually, and the potentially straight edges are classified and measured manually. The reliance on human subjectivity in both the identification and measurement motivated us to design a more objective algorithm to fit the crater rim shape, measure any straight edges, and measure joint angles between straight edges. The developed code uses a Monte Carlo approach from a user‐input number of edges to first find a reasonable shape from purely random possible shapes; it then uses an iterative Monte Carlo approach to improve the shape until a minimum difference between the shape and rim trace is found. It returns the result in a concise, parameterized form. This code is presented as a first step because, while we experimented with several different metrics, we could not find one that could consistently, objectively return an answer that stated which shape for a given crater was the best; this objective metric is an area for future improvement.
Global 3‐D Distributions of O+ and H+ Ions in the Inner Magnetosphere Reconstructed by Voxel Tomography From TWINS ENA Images During a Large Magnetic Storm
Authors: Zeng X. Y. , Ma S. Y. , Xu L. , Valek P. , Wang H. , Xiong C. , Cai H. T. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUsing improved voxel tomography method for energetic neutral atom (ENA) emission, global 3‐D distributions of O+ and H+ ions in the inner magnetosphere are reconstructed from ENA images remotely sensed by the Two Wide‐angle Imaging Neutral‐atom Spectrometers (TWINS) mission during 15 July 2012 magnetic storm. The compositions of ENA‐O and ‐H are separated by statistical fitting based on start‐pulse‐height distributions. The errors in iterative inversions range from 0.12 to 0.28 at 16 and 32 keV. The reconstructed ion flux intensities at different storm phases match well with independent satellite in situ measurements. It is found that: (a) Responding to a pulse jump of solar wind dynamic pressure along with a northward reversal of IMF Bz during the initial phase, H+ ion fluxes enhanced greatly on outer dipole L‐shell of 6.5–8.0 in pre‐midnight off equator. Ts‐05 model tracing and pitch angles distribution of line‐of‐sights for ENA imaging suggest these be likely attributed to nearly field‐aligned earthward plasma flow from plasma‐sheet boundary layer region. Meanwhile, the trapped ring current (RC) ion fluxes peak at L ∼ 5 in the pre‐midnight equatorial region, decreasing with increasing latitude. (b) During the storm maximum the equatorial O+ fluxes have two separated peaks. The main one appeared in dusk at L ∼ 4, while the minor one in the pre‐dawn appeared at very low L ∼ 2.75 where the flux ratio O+/(O++H+) reached 60%. (c) The O+ flux fractions over equator exhibit prominent dusk‐dawn asymmetry, reversing from dusk quadrant prevailing before the main phase to dawn ascendant during the storm maximum.
Processing Ambient Noise Data Using Phase Cross‐Correlation and Application Toward Understanding Spatiotemporal Environmental Effects
Authors: Woo H. B. , Bilek S. L. , Gochenour J. A. , Grapenthin R. , Luhmann A. J. , Martin J. B. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTypical use of ambient noise interferometry focuses on longer period (>1 s) waves for exploration of subsurface structure and other applications, while very shallow structure and some environmental seismology applications may benefit from use of shorter period (<1 s) waves. We explore the potential for short‐period ambient noise interferometry to determine shallow seismic velocity structures by comparing two methodologies, the conventional amplitude‐based cross‐correlation and linear stacking (TCC‐Lin) and a more recently developed phase cross‐correlation and time‐frequency phase‐weighted‐stacking (PCC‐PWS) method with both synthetic and real data collected in a heterogeneous karst aquifer system. Our results suggest that the PCC‐PWS method is more effective in extracting short‐period wave velocities than the TCC‐Lin method, especially when using data collected in regions containing complex shallow structures such as the karst aquifer system investigated here. In addition to the different methodologies for computing the cross correlation functions, we also examine the relative importance of signal‐to‐noise ratio and number of wavelengths propagating between station pairs to determine data/solution quality. We find that the lower number of wavelengths of 3 has the greatest impact on the network‐averaged group velocity curve. Lastly, we test the sensitivity of the number of stacks used to create the final empirical Green's function, and find that the PCC‐PWS method required about half the number of cross‐correlation functions to develop reliable velocity curves compared to the TCC‐Lin method. This is an important advantage of the PCC‐PWS method when available data collection time is limited.
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: a comprehensive review in pediatrics, adolescents, and young adults (AYA) and an update of novel therapies
Authors: Cuglievan Branko , Connors Jeremy , He Jiasen , Khazal Sajad , Yedururi Sireesha , Dai Julia , Garces Sofia , Quesada Andres E. , Roth Michael , Garcia Miriam , McCall David , Gibson Amber , Ragoonanan Dristhi , Petropoulos Demetrios , Tewari Priti , Nunez Cesar , Mahadeo Kris M. , Tasian Sarah K. , Lamble Adam J. , Pawlowska Anna , Hammond Danielle , Maiti Abhishek , Haddad Fadi G. , Senapati Jayatsu , Daver Naval , Gangat Naseema , Konopleva Marina , Meshinchi Soheil , Pemmaraju Naveen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBlastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare hematologic malignancy that can involve the bone marrow, peripheral blood, skin, lymph nodes, and the central nervous system. Though more common in older adults, BPDCN has been reported across all age groups, including infants and children. The incidence of pediatric BPDCN is extremely low and little is known about the disease. Pediatric BPDCN is believed to be clinically less aggressive but often with more dissemination at presentation than adult cases. Unlike adults who almost always proceed to a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in first complete remission if transplant-eligible, the majority of children can be cured with a high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia-like regimen. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is recommended for children with high-risk disease, the definition of which continues to evolve, or those in relapse and refractory settings where outcomes continue to be dismal. Novel agents used in other hematologic malignancies and CD123 targeted agents, including chimeric antigen receptor T-cells and monoclonal/bispecific antibodies, are being brought into research and practice. Our goal is to provide a comprehensive review of presentation, diagnosis, and treatment by review of pediatric cases reported for the last 20 years, and a review of novel targeted therapies and therapies under investigation for adult and pediatric patients.
Configurable circular-polarization-dependent optoelectronic silent state for ultrahigh light ellipticity discrimination
Authors: Bu Yonghao , Ren Xiansong , Zhou Jing , Zhang Zhenhan , Deng Jie , Xu Hangyu , Xie Runzhang , Li Tianxin , Hu Weida , Guo Xia , Lu Wei , Chen Xiaoshuang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFilterless light-ellipticity-sensitive optoelectronic response generally has low discrimination, thus severely hindering the development of monolithic polarization detectors. Here, we achieve a breakthrough based on a configurable circular-polarization-dependent optoelectronic silent state created by the superposition of two photoresponses with enantiomerically opposite ellipticity dependences. The zero photocurrent and the significantly suppressed noise of the optoelectronic silent state singularly enhance the circular polarization extinction ratio (CPER) and the sensitivity to light ellipticity perturbation. The CPER of our device approaches infinity by the traditional definition. The newly established CPER taking noise into account is 3–4 orders of magnitude higher than those of ordinary integrated circular polarization detectors, and it remains high in an expanded wavelength range. The noise equivalent light ellipticity difference goes below 0.009° Hz−1/2 at modulation frequencies above 1000 Hz by a light power of 281 μW. This scheme brings a leap in developing monolithic ultracompact circular polarization detectors.
SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor-binding domain perturbates intracellular calcium homeostasis and impairs pulmonary vascular endothelial cells
Authors: Yang Kai , Liu Shiyun , Yan Han , Lu Wenju , Shan Xiaoqian , Chen Haixia , Bao Changlei , Feng Huazhuo , Liao Jing , Liang Shuxin , Xu Lei , Tang Haiyang , Yuan Jason X.-J. , Zhong Nanshan , Wang Jian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractExposure to the spike protein or receptor-binding domain (S-RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 significantly influences endothelial cells and induces pulmonary vascular endotheliopathy. In this study, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 humanized inbred (hACE2 Tg) mice and cultured pulmonary vascular endothelial cells were used to investigate how spike protein/S-RBD impacts pulmonary vascular endothelium. Results show that S-RBD leads to acute-to-prolonged induction of the intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) via acute activation of TRPV4, and prolonged upregulation of mechanosensitive channel Piezo1 and store-operated calcium channel (SOCC) key component Orai1 in cultured human pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs). In mechanism, S-RBD interacts with ACE2 to induce formation of clusters involving Orai1, Piezo1 and TRPC1, facilitate the channel activation of Piezo1 and SOCC, and lead to elevated apoptosis. These effects are blocked by Kobophenol A, which inhibits the binding between S-RBD and ACE2, or intracellular calcium chelator, BAPTA-AM. Blockade of Piezo1 and SOCC by GsMTx4 effectively protects the S-RBD-induced pulmonary microvascular endothelial damage in hACE2 Tg mice via normalizing the elevated [Ca2+]i. Comparing to prototypic strain, Omicron variants (BA.5.2 and XBB) of S-RBD induces significantly less severe cell apoptosis. Transcriptomic analysis indicates that prototypic S-RBD confers more severe acute impacts than Delta or Lambda S-RBD. In summary, this study provides compelling evidence that S-RBD could induce persistent pulmonary vascular endothelial damage by binding to ACE2 and triggering [Ca2+]i through upregulation of Piezo1 and Orai1. Targeted inhibition of ACE2-Piezo1/SOCC-[Ca2+]i axis proves a powerful strategy to treat S-RBD-induced pulmonary vascular diseases.
Current status and factors of periodontal disease among Japanese high school students: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Haresaku Satoru , Chishaki Akiko , Hatakeyama Junko , Yoshinaga Yasunori , Yoshizumi Junko , Yamamoto Mito , Matsuzaki Etsuko , Hamanaka Ippei , TsutsumI Takashi , Taniguchi Yusuke , Ohgi Kimiko , Yoneda Masahiro 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of periodontal disease and the factors of the disease among high school students.

Method
The participants were all students aged 15–18 years (n = 1202) at a high school in Japan. The data on oral health perceptions and behaviours were collected by a questionnaire survey. The prevalence of periodontal disease among them was investigated with the partial community periodontal index (PCPI). A logistic regression analysis was used to identify the factors associated with the PCPI.

Results
A total of 1069 students (88.9%) participated in this study. The prevalence of gingival bleeding, calculus, pocket depth of 4–5 mm, and pocket depth of 6 mm or more were 44.2%, 42.2%, 11.4%, and 1.6%, respectively. Approximately one-third of the students had a fear of dental treatment, and only 28.4% used dental floss. The results of logistic regression analysis, adjusted for sex and school year, showed that not visiting dentists regularly, not using dental floss, brushing teeth for less than 5 min, fear of dental treatment, and drinking sports drinks frequently were positively associated with periodontal conditions.

Conclusion
This study identified a high prevalence of periodontal disease among Japanese high school students aged 15–18 years and its risk factors, such as poor oral health behaviours and fear of dental treatment.
Influence of ADT on B7-H3 expression during CRPC progression from hormone-naïve prostate cancer
Authors: Kang Ning , Xue Hui , Lin Yen-Yi , Dong Xin , Classen Adam , Wu Rebecca , Jin Yuxuan , Lin Dong , Volik Stanislav , Ong Christopher , Gleave Martin , Collins Colin , Wang Yuzhuo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAndrogen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the standard care for advanced prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Unfortunately, although tumors respond well initially, they enter dormancy and eventually progress to fatal/incurable castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). B7-H3 is a promising new target for PCa immunotherapy. CD276 (B7-H3) gene has a presumptive androgen receptor (AR) binding site, suggesting potential AR regulation. However, the relationship between B7-H3 and AR is controversial. Meanwhile, the expression pattern of B7-H3 following ADT and during CRPC progression is largely unknown, but critically important for identifying patients and determining the optimal timing of B7-H3 targeting immunotherapy. In this study, we performed a longitudinal study using our unique PCa patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models and assessed B7-H3 expression during post-ADT disease progression. We further validated our findings at the clinical level in PCa patient samples. We found that B7-H3 expression was negatively regulated by AR during the early phase of ADT treatment, but positively associated with PCa proliferation during the remainder of disease progression. Our findings suggest its use as a biomarker for diagnosis, prognosis, and ADT treatment response, and the potential of combining ADT and B7-H3 targeting immunotherapy for hormone-naïve PCa treatment to prevent fatal CRPC relapse.
Cooperative regulation of Zhx1 and hnRNPA1 drives the cardiac progenitor-specific transcriptional activation during cardiomyocyte differentiation
Authors: Chen Yang , Wu Yukang , Li Jianguo , Chen Kai , Wang Wuchan , Ye Zihui , Feng Ke , Yang Yiwei , Xu Yanxin , Kang Jiuhong , Guo Xudong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe zinc finger proteins (ZNFs) mediated transcriptional regulation is critical for cell fate transition. However, it is still unclear how the ZNFs realize their specific regulatory roles in the stage-specific determination of cardiomyocyte differentiation. Here, we reported that the zinc fingers and homeoboxes 1 (Zhx1) protein, transiently expressed during the cell fate transition from mesoderm to cardiac progenitors, was indispensable for the proper cardiomyocyte differentiation of mouse and human embryonic stem cells. Moreover, Zhx1 majorly promoted the specification of cardiac progenitors via interacting with hnRNPA1 and co-activated the transcription of a wide range of genes. In-depth mechanistic studies showed that Zhx1 was bound with hnRNPA1 by the amino acid residues (Thr111–His120) of the second Znf domain, thus participating in the formation of cardiac progenitors. Together, our study highlights the unrevealed interaction of Zhx1/hnRNPA1 for activating gene transcription during cardiac progenitor specification and also provides new evidence for the specificity of cell fate determination in cardiomyocyte differentiation.
The trigger for pancreatic disease: NLRP3 inflammasome
Authors: Liu Tianming , Wang Qiang , Du Zhiwei , Yin Lu , Li Jiachen , Meng Xianzhi , Xue Dongbo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex expressed in a variety of cells to stimulate the production of inflammatory factors. Activation of NLRP3 inflammasome depends on a complex regulatory mechanism, and its pro-inflammatory function plays an important role in pancreatic diseases. In this literature review, we summarize the activation mechanism of NLRP3 and analyze its role in each of the four typical pancreatic diseases. Through this article, we provide a relatively comprehensive summary to the researchers in this field, and provide some targeted therapy routes.
Nowhere to run: oligo (p-phenylene vinylene) kills oral intracellular bacteria photodynamically
Authors: Yuan Lintian , Fu Xuancheng , Yu Wen , Wei Huagen , dong Fan , Zhang Ludan , Wang Guiyan , Dong Huihua , Lv Fengting , Wang Yuguang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBacterial infections pose a severe threat to human health due to the exacerbation of antibiotic resistance and intracellular bacterial infections. Research suggests that oligo(p-phenylene vinylene) (OPV), commonly employed in the manufacture of organic solar batteries, can help address this issue. This study demonstrates the ability of OPV to target and sterilize intracellular Porphyromonas gingivalis and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) photodynamically. Most notably, OPV specifically targets bacteria without affecting healthy cells under dark conditions. Its chemical composition includes a conjugated backbone and ionic imidazole side chains, which allow OPV to bind to cell membranes. Furthermore, dental blue light curing lamps may excite OPV. Compared with antibiotics and traditional photosensitizers, OPV proves to be a potentially superior solution to eradicate intracellular microbial infections, both in fundamental research and clinical applications.