bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of concomitant vascular injury on the outcome of bile duct injury
Authors: Sallam Ahmed , Marwan Ibrahim , Ali Motasem M. , Gamal Abdelrahman , Khairy Saleh , Ayoub Islam , Attia Ahmed , Saaed Ghadier , Hegazy Osama 
Published: August 2023

Background
Compared with open cholecystectomy, the frequency of iatrogenic bile duct damage (bile duct injury) has almost doubled as laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become more prevalent. The authors aimed to analyze the prevalence of postcholecystectomy vasculobiliary injury and its influence on illness and death.

Methods
Medical records were reviewed on 50 consecutive patients with iatrogenic bile duct injuries from either open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy who were treated at the National Liver Institute, Menoufia University between January 1, 2020 and October 31, 2022.
The medical records were examined for patient demographics and preoperative and postoperative clinical scenarios, which included symptoms, operative procedures, diagnostic methods, operative repairs, length of ICU and Hospital stays, postoperative follow-up, short- and long-term complications, need for radiographic or operative revision, and patient mortality.

Results
The studied patients were allocated into two groups, according to presence of concomitant vascular injury; group A: cases did not develop concomitant vascular injury, group B: cases developed concomitant vascular injury. Vascular injury was significantly elevated in males than those without vascular injury (P=0.027). There were no significant variance among the studied groups as regard Hospital stay and ICU admission. There was no significant variance among the studied groups as regard short-term complications. There was a significant variance among the studied groups as regard long-term complications (P=0.003). Right lobe atrophy was significantly elevated in vascular injury cases than those without vascular injury.

Conclusions
Concomitant vascular injury postcholecystectomy prevalence was significantly associated with long-term complications; right lobe atrophy was significantly elevated in vascular injury cases than those without vascular injury.
Assessment of hepatic steatosis before and after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Hassan Tarik A.A. , Kamal Ayman , Kaddah Mona , Mostafa Karim , Omar Wael 
Published: August 2023

Background
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the cause of the new epidemic of chronic liver disease. Most patients are asymptomatic and accidentally diagnosed by imaging. Unfortunately, NAFLD can progress to inflammation, NASH, fibrosis, cirrhosis, HCC, decompensated cirrhosis, death, and/or liver transplantation might be required. Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has positive effects on the comorbidities associated with obesity. FibroScan and controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) can assess NAFLD non-invasively by measuring an area a hundred times larger than a biopsy sample.

Aim
To assess hepatic steatosis pre and post LSG by laboratory investigations and imaging (fibroscan and CAP).

Methods
Thirty patients were included in a prospective observational study according to the inclusion criteria. Full medical history, preoperative laboratory investigations and imaging were recorded. All patients underwent LSG and were followed up for 6 months postoperatively. Data were coded and analysed by using (SPSS) version 29.

Results
LSG was associated with a significant improvement in the controlled attenuation parameter CAP values, stiffness values and accordingly grades of steatosis and fibrosis as well as a highly significant decrease in BMI, and on follow-up fibroscan 6 months postoperatively. There was a significant improvement in total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and HDL.

Conclusion
LSG is associated with a significant improvement in BMI, lipid profile, CAP measurement and liver stiffness measurements which means improvement of steatosis. In morbidly obese candidates of bariatric surgery, Fibroscan with CAP (using the XL probe) was used as a simple non-invasive tool for detecting steatosis and fibrosis.
Our experience with pancreatic injury due to trauma in a rural area
Authors: Taş İlhan , Yiğit Ebral , Bilge Hüseyin 
Published: August 2023

Aim
We aimed to analyze The pancreatic injuries due to trauma and their treatment.

Material and methods
This study includes the data of ten patients who were operated on due to abdominal trauma and were further diagnosed with pancreatic trauma in the General Surgery Service between January 2016 and December 2019.

Results
Of the 472 patients admitted to our hospital with abdominal trauma, 10 had pancreatic injuries. Seven (70%) of these patients were male and three (30%) were female. When the causes of the injuries were examined, six (60%) had gunshot wounds (GSW), three (30%) had stab wounds (SW), and one (10%) had a pancreatic injury due to falling from a height.
Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scans were performed in eight (80%) patients. One patient’s CT was reported as normal. Other scans indicated findings suggestive of abdominal injury, such as free air and free fluid in the abdomen.
Following the pancreas, the stomach was the most injured organ (80%), followed by the liver, spleen and kidney, respectively. An isolated pancreatic injury was observed in only one case. Complications developed in eight (80%) patients, Three (30%) of our patients died in the postoperative period. The mean hospital stay of the patients was 9.8±6.14 (min: 3, max: 24) days.

Conclusion
The pancreas is not commonly injured in abdominal trauma.. Even if preoperative imaging methods are normal, the pancreas should be explored in order not to miss pancreatic injuries in trauma patients who were operated on.
Immediate Effect of Simple Bhramari Pranayama on Blood Pressure and Pulse Rate of Hypertensive and Normotensive Individuals
Authors: Rajbhoj Pratibha Hemant , Pathak Satish D. , Bhogal Ranjeet Singh , Badave Akshata Sudesh , Pandey Santosh 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Hypertension, diabetes, and heart diseases are very common and silent noncommunicable diseases. If ignored, these will be life-threatening. As per recent yoga researches on hypertension, some of the yoga practices such as pranayama, meditation, and Kriya yoga have found to be very effective in managing hypertension and thereby controlling its adverse effects. Hence, the present study is undertaken to understand the effect of simple Bhramari pranayama on both hypertensive and normotensive individuals so as to help standardize this Pranayama and advise it as a preventive measure in the management of hypertension.

Methods:
The present study is a single-arm clinical trial. Ninety-seven participants, both male and females of age ranging from 30 to 60 years, were approached as the study participants. Of the 78 complying participants, 44 participants were hypertensive and 34 normotensives. A yoga expert taught Bhramari Pranayama one to one to all the participants. They were called on the following day for recording their blood pressure (BP) and pulse rate (PR) before and immediately after the thirty rounds of the practice.

Results:
Simple Bhramari Pranayama significantly lowered the systolic blood pressure (SBP) (P < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P < 0.001*), and PR (P < 0.001*) of the hypertensive individuals (P < 0.001*). In the normotensives group also, a significant decrease in SBP (P < 0.001*), DBP (P < 0.05) and PR (P < 0.001*) was evident. However, the changes evident in normotensives were well within the normal range of BP and PR.

Conclusion:
The present study concludes that simple Bhramari Pranayama has significantly reduced the BP and PR in the hypertensive as well as in the normotensive participants immediately after its practice.
Perception of Nursing Faculty Towards Their Preferred Profession Across the India
Authors: Raghu V. A. , Mohana Sundari S K 
Published: August 2023

Background:
India is the country that produces the majority of nurses, and nurses are the core of the country's health-care system. The nurses can pursue a career in clinical work or teaching. The performance of the nursing faculties is significantly influenced by their perception toward preferred profession. The objective of the study was to assess the perception of nursing faculties toward their preferred profession.

Methodology:
All four areas of India – the east, west, north, and south - were covered in a cross-sectional descriptive study that involved 300 nursing faculties. The samples were contacted through direct approach and electronic mode by circulating the survey link created by SurveyMonkey App. Five-point Likert scale, which comprises total 15 statements, was used to collect data. After filling informed consent, the participants were asked to fill the questionnaire.

Results:
Nearly 2/3rd of the subjects (188) had a favorable perception toward their preferred profession and more than 1/3rd (112) of them had an unfavorable perception. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that marital status (P = 0.000; adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 0.100; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.36–0.280), qualification (P = 0.010; AOR: 2.194; 95% CI: 1.205–3.993), and clinical experience (P = 0.011; AOR: 2.013; 95% CI: 1.173–3.454) had a significant influence the perception of faculty.

Conclusion:
Almost half of the subjects expressed negative perceptions. Although perception is a personal psychological factor, the government, professional bodies, and nurse managers can take the necessary steps to address the issue that dissatisfy nursing faculty can promote positive perception and that would impact their high-quality performance.
A Hospital-Based Prospective Short-Term Study on Efficacy of Infrapopliteal Angioplasty in Critical Limb Ischaemia in Terms of Limb Salvage and Quality of Life
Authors: Thomas Stalin , Iype Vimal , Abraham Santhosh John 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Critical limb ischaemia (CLI) refers to chronic ischaemic pain at rest, ulcers or gangrene due to arterial occlusive disease. It is the end stage of peripheral artery disease (PAD). The commonly available treatment is amputation in a low-income family, which is quite disastrous.

Aim:
This study aimed to find out the efficacy of infrapopliteal angioplasty in tibial lesions of CLI patients.

Materials and Methods:
A prospective, observational study was conducted on 50 patients with CLI. The patient was taken up for tibial angioplasty and followed up for 4 months.

Results:
At the end of 4 months, the limb salvage rate was 92% and major amputation rate was 8%. The role of angioplasty in limb salvage is undoubted and has resulted in high levels of limb salvage.

Conclusion:
CLI lesion if amenable to revascularisation should have angioplasty with regular follow-up. Control of risk factors forms an integral part of the follow-up. Early detection of CLI is the need of the hour.
Effectiveness of Antibacterial-Coated Suture Material to Prevent Post-Operative Superficial Surgical Site Infection among Patients Undergoing Abdominal Wall Closure
Authors: Sabari J. P. , Praveen Raj M. R. Rakesh 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Despite the use of prophylactic antibiotics, surgical site infection (SSI) is still a real risk of surgery. This study focuses on the method of wound closure with regard to the suture material used since the suture material itself has long been known to be a significant cause or cofactor in SSIs. We compared the rates of superficial SSIs in patients in whom the subcutaneous layer of abdominal incisions was closed with antibacterial-coated polyglactin 910 suture materials with those in whom coated polyglactin 910 alone was used.

Materials and Methods:
Patients were divided into two groups as per the unit system. The patients selected for the study were those undergoing abdominal wall closures. All patients above 18 years of age, who undergoes abdominal surgery for various ailments at our hospital, were included in the study. All the patients were given antibiotics pre-operatively and post-operatively. The patients were followed up for up to the day of discharge, 1-week post-discharge and 30-day post-operative as routinely followed in our institute.

Results:
There was a statistically significant relationship between plain polyglactin 910 and triclosan-coated polyglactin 910 (P < 0.05). The infection rate associated with the use of plain polyglactin 910 was 22.6% and with triclosan-coated polyglactin 910 was 12.3 (P = 0.025). The most common organism causing skin and skin-structure infection were Klebsiella (26%) and Staphylococcus (26%).

Conclusion:
Our study confirms a significant benefit to the patient in reducing superficial SSI in abdominal wall closure with the use of triclosan-coated polyglactin 910 when compared to plain polyglactin 910 usage for the same.
Direct observation for relative-humidity-dependent mixing states of submicron particles containing organic surfactants and inorganic salts
Authors: Xiong Chun , Kuang Binyu , Zhang Fei , Pei Xiangyu , Xu Zhengning , Wang Zhibin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Aerosol mixing state plays an important role in heterogeneous reactions and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity. Organic surfactants could affect aerosol mixing state through bulk–surface partitioning. However, the mixing state of surfactant-containing particles remains unclear due to the lack of direct measurements. Here, direct characterizations of the mixing state for 20 kinds of submicron particles containing inorganic salts (NaCl and (NH4)2SO4) and atmospheric organic surfactants (organosulfates, organosulfonates, and dicarboxylic acids) were conducted upon relative humidity (RH) cycling by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). As the RH increased, the surfactant shells inhibited water diffusion being exposed to the inorganic core, leading to notably increased inorganic deliquescence RH (88.3 %–99.5 %) when compared with pure inorganic aerosol. Meanwhile, we directly observed an obvious Ostwald ripening process (that is, the growth of larger crystals at the expense of smaller ones) in 6 out of 10 NaCl–organic surfactant systems. As a result of water inhibition by the organic surfactant shell, Ostwald ripening in all systems occurred at RH above 90 %, which were higher than the reported RH range for pure NaCl measured at 27 ∘C (75 %–77 %). As RH decreased, eight systems underwent liquid–liquid-phase separation (LLPS) before efflorescence, showing a strong dependence on the organic molecular oxygen-to-carbon ratio (O:C). Quantitatively, LLPS was always observed when O:C≤0.43 and was never observed when O:C>∼0.57. Separation RH (SRH) of inorganic salt–organic surfactant mixtures generally followed the trend of (NH4)2SO4 < NaCl, which is consistent with their salting-out efficiencies reported in previous studies. Solid-phase separations were observed after efflorescence for systems without LLPS. Our results provide a unique insight into the consecutive mixing processes of the inorganic salt–organic surfactant particles, which would help improve our fundamental knowledge of model development on radiative effect.
ENSO statistics, teleconnections, and atmosphere–ocean coupling in the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1
Authors: Wang Yi-Chi , Tseng Wan-Ling , Chen Yu-Luen , Lee Shih-Yu , Hsu Huang-Hsiung , Liang Hsin-Chien 
Published: August 2023

Abstract. This study provides an overview of the fundamental
statistics and features of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in
the historical simulations of the Taiwan Earth System Model version 1
(TaiESM1). Compared with observations, TaiESM1 can reproduce the fundamental
features of observed ENSO signals, including seasonal phasing, thermocline
coupling with winds, and atmospheric teleconnection during El Niño
events. However, its ENSO response is approximately 2 times stronger than
observed in the spectrum, resulting in powerful teleconnection
signals. The composite of El Niño events shows a strong westerly anomaly
extending fast to the eastern Pacific in the initial stage in March, April, and
May, initiating a warm sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) there. This
warm SSTA is maintained through September, October, and November (SON) and
gradually diminishes after peaking in December. Analysis of wind stress–SST
and heat flux–SST coupling indicates that biased positive SST–shortwave
feedback significantly contributes to the strong warm anomaly over the
eastern Pacific, especially in SON. Our analysis demonstrates TaiESM1's
capability to simulate ENSO – a significant tropical climate variation on
interannual scales with strong global impacts – and provides insights into
mechanisms in TaiESM1 related to ENSO biases, laying the foundation for
future model development to reduce uncertainties in TaiESM1 and climate
models in general.
Changes in Mediterranean flood processes and seasonality
Authors: Tramblay Yves , Arnaud Patrick , Artigue Guillaume , Lang Michel , Paquet Emmanuel , Neppel Luc , Sauquet Eric 
Published: August 2023

Abstract. Floods are a major natural hazard in the Mediterranean region, causing deaths and extensive damages. Recent studies have shown that intense rainfall
events are becoming more extreme in this region but, paradoxically, without leading to an increase in the severity of floods. Consequently, it is
important to understand how flood events are changing to explain this absence of trends in flood magnitude despite increased rainfall extremes. A
database of 98 stations in southern France with an average record of 50 years of daily river discharge data between 1959 and 2021 was
considered, together with a high-resolution reanalysis product providing precipitation and simulated soil moisture and a classification of weather
patterns associated with rainfall events over France. Flood events, corresponding to an average occurrence of 1 event per year (5317 events in
total), were extracted and classified into excess-rainfall, short-rainfall, and long-rainfall event types. Several flood event characteristics have
been also analyzed: flood event durations, base flow contribution to floods, runoff coefficient, total and maximum event rainfall, and antecedent
soil moisture. The evolution through time of these flood event characteristics and seasonality was analyzed. Results indicated that, in most
basins, floods tend to occur earlier during the year, the mean flood date being, on average, advanced by 1 month between 1959–1990 and
1991–2021. This seasonal shift could be attributed to the increased frequency of southern-circulation weather types during spring and summer. An
increase in total and extreme-event precipitation has been observed, associated with a decrease of antecedent soil moisture before rainfall
events. The majority of flood events are associated with excess rainfall on saturated soils, but their relative proportion is decreasing over time,
notably in spring, with a concurrent increased frequency of short rain floods. For most basins there is a positive correlation between antecedent
soil moisture and flood event runoff coefficients that is remaining stable over time, with dryer soils producing less runoff and a lower
contribution of base flow to floods. In a context of increasing aridity, this relationship is the likely cause of the absence of trends in flood
magnitudes observed in this region and the change of event types. These changes in flood characteristics are quite homogeneous over the domain
studied, suggesting that they are rather linked to the evolution of the regional climate than to catchment characteristics. Consequently, this
study shows that even in the absence of trends, flood properties may change over time, and these changes need to be accounted for when analyzing the
long-term evolution of flood hazards.
Everest South Col Glacier did not thin during the period 1984–2017
Authors: Brun Fanny , King Owen , Réveillet Marion , Amory Charles , Planchot Anton , Berthier Etienne , Dehecq Amaury , Bolch Tobias , Fourteau Kévin , Brondex Julien , Dumont Marie , Mayer Christoph , Leinss Silvan , Hugonnet Romain , Wagnon Patrick 
Published: August 2023

Abstract. The South Col Glacier is a small body of ice and snow (approx. 0.2 km2) located at the very high elevation of 8000 m a.s.l. (above sea level) on the southern ridge of Mt. Everest. A recent study by Potocki et al. (2022) proposed that South Col Glacier is rapidly losing mass. This is in contradiction to our comparison of two digital elevation models derived from aerial photographs taken in December 1984 and a stereo Pléiades satellite acquisition from March 2017, from which we estimate a mean elevation change of 0.01 ± 0.05 m a−1. To reconcile these results, we investigate some aspects of the surface energy and mass balance of South Col Glacier. From satellite images and a simple model of snow compaction and erosion, we show that wind erosion has a major impact on the surface mass balance due to the strong seasonality in precipitation and wind and that it cannot be neglected. Additionally, we show that the melt amount predicted by a surface energy and mass balance model is very sensitive to the model structure and implementation. Contrary to previous findings, melt is likely not a dominant ablation process on this glacier, which remains mostly snow-covered during the monsoon.
“To All Baptized”: The Watery Dissent of Paradise Regained
Authors: Chapman Alison A. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
This essay reads the opening scene of Paradise Regained—in which Jesus goes down to the River Jordan to be baptized—in the contexts both of the intense seventeenth-century debates about baptism and Milton’s own stated support for adult, believer baptism (as opposed to infant christening) in De Doctrina Christiana. Especially in light of the crackdown on Dissenters after the Restoration, Milton’s decision to feature a scene of full-immersion adult baptism was a polemical one that expressed his tacit solidarity with the community of baptistic believers.
BEHAVIORAL PROGRAMS FOR TYPE 2 DIABETES MELITUS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
Authors: Andreria Hatulely Chrysman 
Published: August 2023

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. It is possible that behavioral programs can improve outcomes for people living with type 2 diabetes mellitus; however, there is a huge variety of behavioral interventions to choose from, and it is unclear how to maximize the efficacy of these programs.
The aim: This article discusses osteosynthesis in patients with femoral neck fractures.
Methods: By comparing itself to the standards set by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020, this study was able to show that it met all of the requirements. So, the experts were able to make sure that the study was as up-to-date as it was possible to be. For this search approach, publications that came out between 2013 and 2023 were taken into account. Several different online reference sources, like Pubmed and SagePub, were used to do this. It was decided not to take into account review pieces, works that had already been published, or works that were only half done.
Result: In the PubMed database, the results of our search brought up 655 articles, whereas the results of our search on SagePub brought up 254 articles. The results of the search conducted for the last year of 2013 yielded a total 192 articles for PubMed and 89 articles for SagePub. In the end, we compiled a total of 33 papers, 21 of which came from PubMed and 12 of which came from SagePub. We included seven research that met the criteria.
Conclusion: Non-pharmacological interventions that can be carried out are complementary therapies such as controlling eating patterns, doing relaxation and regular physical activity. Exercise is a strong stimulus to increase glucose input (glucose uptake) into muscle cells.