bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non-financial reporting and SMEs: A systematic review, research agenda, and novel conceptualization
Authors: Lisi Silvia , Mignacca Benito , Grimaldi Michele 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPolicymakers, academics, and practitioners are increasingly discussing non-financial reporting (NFR) initiatives, i.e., reporting initiatives that are related to environmental and social matters. The implementation of NFR initiatives in the context of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is a key topic. Based on a systematic literature review, this article first synthesizes what we know about the mechanisms underlying NFR initiatives implemented by SMEs. A thematic analysis led to the identification and examination of drivers, enabling factors, and challenges for NFR initiatives. Relevant drivers include legitimacy-based motivations, competitive advantage, and stakeholder engagement. Enabling factors include specific guidelines and tools for NFR. Lack of capabilities and lack of standardization are significant challenges. Second, drawing on the thematic analysis and on what we do not know about NFR in the context of SMEs, a novel conceptualization of NFR as a process characterized by three main phases is presented. Last, this article suggests future research opportunities.
Generalized Kernel Regularized Least Squares
Authors: Chang Qing , Goplerud Max 
Published: September 2023

AbstractKernel regularized least squares (KRLS) is a popular method for flexibly estimating models that may have complex relationships between variables. However, its usefulness to many researchers is limited for two reasons. First, existing approaches are inflexible and do not allow KRLS to be combined with theoretically motivated extensions such as random effects, unregularized fixed effects, or non-Gaussian outcomes. Second, estimation is extremely computationally intensive for even modestly sized datasets. Our paper addresses both concerns by introducing generalized KRLS (gKRLS). We note that KRLS can be re-formulated as a hierarchical model thereby allowing easy inference and modular model construction where KRLS can be used alongside random effects, splines, and unregularized fixed effects. Computationally, we also implement random sketching to dramatically accelerate estimation while incurring a limited penalty in estimation quality. We demonstrate thatgKRLScan be fit on datasets with tens of thousands of observations in under 1 min. Further, state-of-the-art techniques that require fitting the model over a dozen times (e.g., meta-learners) can be estimated quickly.
Supplementation with antioxidants and phenolic compounds in ruminant feeding and its effect on dairy products: a systematic review
Authors: Avila-Nava Azalia , Medina-Vera Isabel , Toledo-Alvarado Hugo , Corona Luis , Márquez-Mota Claudia C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMilk and dairy products have great importance in human nutrition related to the presence of different nutrients, including protein, fatty acid profile and bioactive compounds. Dietary supplementation with foods containing these types of compounds may influence the chemical composition of milk and dairy products and hence, potentially, the consumer. Our objective was to summarize the evidence of the effect of supplementation with antioxidants and phenolic compounds in the diets of dairy animals and their effects on milk and dairy products. We conducted a systematic search in the MEDLINE/PubMed database for studies published up until July 2022 that reported on supplementation with antioxidants and phenolic compounds in diets that included plants, herbs, seeds, grains and isolated bioactive compounds of dairy animals such as cows, sheep and goats and their effects on milk and dairy products. Of the 94 studies identified in the search, only 15 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. The review revealed that supplementation with false flax cake, sweet grass, Acacia farnesiana, mushroom myceliated grains and sweet grass promoted an effect on the milk lipid profile, whereas supplementation with dried grape pomace and tannin extract promoted an effect on the milk and cheese lipid profiles. In six studies, the addition of Acacia farnesiana, hesperidin or naringin, durum wheat bran, mushroom myceliated grains, dried grape pomace and olive leaves increased the antioxidant activity of milk. In conclusion, supplementation with bioactive compounds had a positive impact which ranged from an increase in antioxidant capacity to a decrease in oxidative biomarkers such as malondialdehyde.
Suspicious Minds? Media effects on the perception of disability benefit claimants
Authors: Geiger Ben Baumberg 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The media are often blamed for widespread perceptions that welfare benefit claimants are undeserving in Anglo-Saxon countries – yet people rarely justify their views through media stories, instead saying that they themselves know undeserving claimants. In this paper, I explain this contradiction by hypothesising that the media shapes how we interpret ambiguous interpersonal contact. I focus on disability benefit claimants, which is an ideal case given that disability is often externally unobservable, and test three hypotheses over three studies (all using a purpose-collected survey in the UK and Norway, n=3,836). In Study 1, I find strong evidence that a randomly-assigned ‘benefits cheat’ story leads respondents to interpret a hypothetical disability claimant as less deserving. Study 2 examines people’s judgements in everyday life, finding that readers of more negative newspapers in the UK are much more likely to judge neighbours as non-genuine – but with effectively no impact on judgements of close family claimants, where ambiguity is lower. However, contra my expectations, in Study 3 I find that Britons are no more likely than Norwegians to perceive known claimants as non-genuine (despite more negative welfare discourses), partly because of different conceptions of what ‘non-genuineness’ means in the two countries.
Accelerating transformations for a just, sustainable future: 10 ‘Must Haves’
Authors: Schlosser Peter , Rockström Johan , Edwards Clea , Mirazo Paula , Heilemann Adrian , Kitzmann Niklas H. , Krobjinski Siri L. 
Published: September 2023

Non-technical summaryThere is increasing evidence of extreme events and irreversible damage occurring faster than expected. Despite inescapable evidence of intersecting crises facing the Earth system and numerous efforts and agreements, global society is not on track to achieve its sustainability objectives. The 10 ‘Must Haves’ initiative aims to identify the pathways of accelerated systemic transformations needed across the globe toward a sustainable and just future where all can thrive on a healthy planet. In this Intelligence Briefing, the authors lay out the rationale for the project, the proposed targets, and set the stage for forthcoming work on action.Technical summaryThis Intelligence Briefing recognizes the urgent need for global-scale transformations to overcome the crises facing humanity. The ‘10 Must Haves Initiative’, conceptualized by The Earth League and the participants of the Global Futures Conference, aims to provide a framework for accelerated transformations to bridge the gap between pledges and action related to global challenges to stay within planetary boundaries and ensure a safe and just future for all. Each ‘Must Have’ represents targets within which a forthcoming report outlines the specific ‘must-do’ actions, relevant actors and considerations for successful implementation. The authors put forth that we must have a limit of global warming as close to 1.5°C as possible by 2050; an immediate halt and reversal of the loss of nature's functions and diversity; just economies that operate within planetary boundaries; equitable access to resources needed for human well-being; governance transformations to stay within planetary boundaries; healthy, safe, and secure food for the global population; the reconnection of human well-being to planetary health; an ethical digital world providing for human security and, a resilient global society ready to respond to planetary crises.Social media summary10 ‘Must Haves’ toward thriving future 4 all: global contingency plan toward transformation of unsustainable trajectory.
Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number and Heteroplasmy in Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Schizophrenia
Authors: Win Phyo W. , Singh Shiva M. , Castellani Christina A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSchizophrenia (SZ) is a severe, complex, and common mental disorder with high heritability (80%), an adult age of onset, and high discordance (∼50%) in monozygotic twins (MZ). Extensive studies on familial and non-familial cases have implicated a number of segregating mutations and de novo changes in SZ that may include changes to the mitochondrial genome. Yet, no single universally causal variant has been identified, highlighting its extensive genetic heterogeneity. This report specifically focuses on the assessment of changes in the mitochondrial genome in a unique set of monozygotic twins discordant (MZD) for SZ using blood. Genomic DNA from six pairs of MZD twins and two sets of parents (N = 16) was hybridized to the Affymetrix Human SNP Array 6.0 to assess mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN). Whole genome sequencing (WGS) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was performed for a subset of MZD pairs and their parents and was also used to derive mtDNA-CN estimates. The WGS data were further analyzed to generate heteroplasmy (HP) estimates. Our results show that mtDNA-CN estimates for within-pair and mother-child differences were smaller than comparisons involving unrelated individuals, as expected. MZD twins showed discordance in mtDNA-CN estimates and displayed concordance in directionality of differences for mtDNA-CN across all technologies. Further, qPCR performed better than Affymetrix in estimating mtDNA-CN based on relatedness. No reliable differences in HP were detected between MZD twins. The within-MZD differences in mtDNA-CN observed represent postzygotic somatic changes that may contribute to discordance of MZ twins for diseases, including SZ.
Granularität beim Erzählen emotionaler Ereignisse im Kindes- und Erwachsenenalter
Authors: Bahn Daniela , Sommer Johanna , Schwarzer Gudrun , Kauschke Christina 
Published: September 2023

Zusammenfassung: Theoretischer Hintergrund: Erzählungen erfordern neben der strukturellen auch eine affektive Gestaltung. Wie feinkörnig Gefühlszustände verbalisiert werden, variiert individuell und wird als emotionale Granularität (EG) bezeichnet. Fragestellung: Die Studie gibt Einblick in die Entwicklung der EG vom Kindes- bis zum Erwachsenenalter. Methode:18 VorschülerInnen (3 – 6 J., 11w), 15 SchülerInnen (7 – 10 J., 10w) und 20 Erwachsene (20 – 62 J.,10w) erzählten die Handlung emotionsgeladener Zeichentrickstummfilme. Ausdrücke für innere Zustände (AIZ) wurden kategorisiert und in einem Circumplex-Modell angeordnet. Ergebnisse: Alle Gruppen unterschieden sich in der Erzähllänge und der kategorienspezifischen Verwendung, jedoch nicht im Gesamtanteil der AIZ. Diskussion und Schlussfolgerung: Das kindliche Vokabular wies zwar eine geringere EG auf, war aber ab dem Vorschulalter ähnlich strukturiert. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Bedeutung von Erzählungen für den Erwerb und die Verfeinerung von Emotionskonzepten.
Radar‐Derived Snowfall Microphysical Properties at Davis, Antarctica
Authors: Alexander S. P. , Protat A. , Berne A. , Ackermann L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAntarctic precipitation remains poorly characterized and understood, especially within the boundary layer. This is due in part to a still‐limited amount of surface‐based remote sensing observations. A suite of cloud and precipitation remote‐sensing instruments including a W‐band cloud radar and a K‐band Micro Rain Radar (MRR) were used to characterize snowfall over Davis (69°S, 78°E). Surface snowfall events occurred when boundary layer wind speeds were weaker, temperatures were warmer, and relative humidity over ice higher than when virga were present. The presence of virga is associated with Föhn winds due to the location of Davis in the lee of an ice ridgeline. Dual wavelength ratio values from the summer indicate particle aggregation at temperatures of −14° to −10°C, consistent with observations made elsewhere, including in the Arctic. Riming frequency increases for temperatures above −10°C and reaches 6.5% at −3°C. No temperature dependence of rime mass fraction was found. Sublimation of snowfall mass aloft was 50% between the snow peak at 1.2 km and 205 m altitude, which occurs within CloudSat’s “blind zone.” Given the common prevailing wind direction and numerous ice ridgelines along much of the East Antarctic coastline, these Davis results can be used as a basis to further understand snowfall across the Antarctic region.
Statistical Properties of Lower Band Rising Tone Chorus Waves
Authors: He Jiabei , Xia Zhiyang , Chen Lunjin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLower‐band chorus waves are known to play dual roles in radiation belt dynamics (electron acceleration and precipitation), and understanding their properties and excitation is very important. A systematic study of chorus waves properties in terms of background plasma parameters (electron perpendicular beta β⊥ and the ratio of plasma frequency to electron cyclotron frequency fpe/fce) has not been performed previously. We use burst‐mode data from Van Allen Probe A from 2012 to 2019 and develop an algorithm to extract individual lower band rising tone chorus elements. We statistically analyze four properties of rising tone chorus elements: time duration τ, frequency width Δf, chirping rate Γ, and maximum amplitude Ia. Statistical results show typical properties of chorus waves: Ia ∼ 0.09 nT, Δf ∼ 0.08fce, Γ ∼ 2 × 103 Hz/s, τ ∼ 0.015–0.25 s. On the nightside and dawnside, Γ shows wider spread and is more distributed over larger values, which is associated with the wider distribution of β⊥. Chorus waves at duskside and dayside have larger values of τ, associated with smaller β⊥ and larger fpe/fce. The dependence of chorus wave properties on background plasma parameters is also examined. We show that normalized Δf has positive correlation with β⊥ and fpe/fce. Normalized τ shows negative correlation with β⊥ and positive correlation with fpe/fce. Normalized Γ and Ia show positive correlations with β⊥ and negative correlations with fpe/fce. These results help us better understand chorus waves excitation and their relation to the microburst.
A Climatology of Dryline‐Related Convection on the Western Plateau of Subtropical Southern Africa
Authors: van Schalkwyk Lynette , Blamey Ross C. , Gijben Morne , Reason Chris J. C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDrylines occur regularly during summer over the interior of sub‐tropical southern Africa. The highest frequency of drylines is over the western interior where it is also climatologically much drier than the eastern parts. An existing drylines data set is compared with lightning data between 2010 and 2021, to determine how often drylines were associated with convective storms. A minimum stroke threshold is applied to eliminate instances of weak convection. Seventy‐six percent of drylines during austral summer (October–March) were associated with significant convection with a standard deviation of 8.6. There is a peak frequency of 12 convective dryline days during December. Composite synoptic analyses were conducted for 591 convective and 186 non‐convective dryline days to determine the ideal formation environment for convective drylines. Composites were also created for the days leading up to convective and non‐convective drylines, showing the importance of moisture advection from the southwest Indian Ocean, through the Zambezi and Limpopo River Valleys. Early summers tend to be drier than late summers over the southern African interior and colder in the mid‐levels. These differences affect the formation environment of convective drylines. Composites show that dryline‐related convection during early summer tends to occur on days with a deep surface trough and a trough at 500 hPa further west. Convection during late summer is associated with increased surface moisture, higher instability, and a weaker trough at 500 hPa than during early summer.
Predictability of Extremely Pluvial Winters Over the Yangtze–Huai River Basin in China
Authors: He Jiaying , Doi Takeshi , Behera Swadhin , Luo Jing‐Jia , Yamagata Toshio 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn the 2018–2019 winter, an unprecedented pluvial event occurred in the Yangtze‐Huai River Basin (YHRB), which is one of the most developed areas in China. This was a record over the past 40 years. Other notable events during this period were the events of the 2002–2003, 1997–1998, and 1989–1990 winters. This study aims to examine the ability of the Scale Interaction Experiment‐Frontier (SINTEX‐F) to predict these extremely pluvial winters and its predictability source. Extreme precipitation events in the 2018–2019 and 1997–1998 winters were reasonably well predicted 1 month earlier by the ensemble seasonal prediction system from deterministic and probabilistic perspectives. In contrast, the predictions of extremely pluvial winters in 2002–2003 and 1989–1990 were less skillful in some parts of the YHRB. The analysis of co‐variability of inter‐member anomalies suggested that the SST anomalies in the tropical western Indian Ocean (IO) and the tropical Pacific Ocean were responsible for the predictions of the 2018–2019 and 1997–1998 winters through increased low‐level moisture convergences in the YHRB as well as wave trains along the upper westerly jet. Limited performance in predicting the 2002–2003 and 1989–1990 events might be due to less accurate prediction of low‐level circulation around the YHRB associated with the SST anomalies in the tropical eastern IO, western IO, and the Pacific, respectively. Besides, atmospheric internal variability as well as model biases may also limit the deterministic prediction skills.
The Importance of Heat Storage for Estimating Lake Evaporation on Different Time Scales: Insights From a Large Shallow Subtropical Lake
Authors: Bai Peng , Wang Yongsheng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe change in heat storage (Gc) is an essential component of a lake's energy balance, and its importance for lake evaporation (Ew) has been widely recognized. However, the effect of Gc on Ew exhibits diversity across time dimensions. The controls on Gc and the effects of Gc on Ew estimates at different time scales remain largely unexplored. To address these gaps, we identified the primary controls on Gc at an eddy covariance site in a large shallow lake (Lake Taihu) and quantified the role of Gc in estimating Ew on three (hourly, daily, and monthly) time scales based on two energy balance‐based Ew models. Our results indicate that the diurnal variation of Gc is dominated by net radiation and peaks around noon, while the seasonal variation of Gc is mainly controlled by air temperature and peaks in spring. In contrast, the daily variation of Gc is subjective to a confluence of factors—net radiation, wind speed, and relative humidity—displaying more stochasticity than that on the other two time scales. We also found that the importance of Gc for Ew estimates decreases as the time scale extends. Compared to the two models disregarding Gc, considering the effect of Gc enhances the average Kling‐Gupta efficiency (KGE) values of the two models by 1.33, 0.42, and 0.08 on the three time scales, respectively. Overall, this study highlights the importance of time scales in evaluating the effect of Gc on Ew estimates.
Cardiometabolic risk profile among children with migrant parents and role of parental education: the IDEFICS/I.Family cohort
Authors: Lindblad Anna , Samkange-Zeeb Florence , de Henauw Stefaan , Solea Antonia , Veidebaum Toomas , Lauria Fabio , Moreno Luis A. , Iguacel Isabel , Molnár Dénes , Ahrens Wolfgang , Winkler Volker , Lissner Lauren , Mehlig Kirsten 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background and aims
Evidence shows that migrant children have a higher risk of developing obesity than those with native parents. We aimed to investigate the association between parental migration background and cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents in Europe.

Methods and results
We included 8745 children aged 2–17 from the second follow-up of the European IDEFICS/I.Family cohort. Linear regression models were used to investigate the association between parental migration background (one or two migrant parent(s) vs native parents) and body mass index (BMI), metabolic syndrome (MetS) score and its individual components. Outcome variables were parametrized as age and sex-specific z-scores. We adjusted for age, sex, country, and parental education, and additionally for parental income, lifestyle including dietary factors, and maternal BMI. On average, children with two migrant parents had higher z-scores of BMI (+0.24 standard deviation (SD)) and MetS score (+0.30 SD) compared to those with native parents, whereas no significant differences were seen for children with one migrant parent. Associations were attenuated when controlling for maternal BMI and sports club activity. Parental education modified the associations with BMI and MetS z-scores such that they were more pronounced in children with low parental education.

Conclusion
Children with two migrant parents were at higher risk for adverse cardiometabolic health compared to children with native parents, especially in families with low parental education. These associations were explained by lower physical activity and maternal body weight and encourages early intervention strategies by schools and communities.
Analysis of clinical failure of anti-tau and anti-synuclein antibodies in neurodegeneration using a quantitative systems pharmacology model
Authors: Geerts Hugo , Bergeler Silke , Walker Mike , van der Graaf Piet H. , Courade Jean-Philippe 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMisfolded proteins in Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease follow a well-defined connectomics-based spatial progression. Several anti-tau and anti-alpha synuclein (aSyn) antibodies have failed to provide clinical benefit in clinical trials despite substantial target engagement in the experimentally accessible cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The proposed mechanism of action is reducing neuronal uptake of oligomeric protein from the synaptic cleft. We built a quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) model to quantitatively simulate intrasynaptic secretion, diffusion and antibody capture in the synaptic cleft, postsynaptic membrane binding and internalization of monomeric and oligomeric tau and aSyn proteins. Integration with a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model allowed us to simulate clinical trials of anti-tau antibodies gosuranemab, tilavonemab, semorinemab, and anti-aSyn antibodies cinpanemab and prasineuzumab. Maximal target engagement for monomeric tau was simulated as 45% (semorinemab) to 99% (gosuranemab) in CSF, 30% to 99% in ISF but only 1% to 3% in the synaptic cleft, leading to a reduction of less than 1% in uptake of oligomeric tau. Simulations for prasineuzumab and cinpanemab suggest target engagement of free monomeric aSyn of only 6–8% in CSF, 4–6% and 1–2% in the ISF and synaptic cleft, while maximal target engagement of aggregated aSyn was predicted to reach 99% and 80% in the synaptic cleft with similar effects on neuronal uptake. The study generates optimal values of selectivity, sensitivity and PK profiles for antibodies. The study identifies a gradient of decreasing target engagement from CSF to the synaptic cleft as a key driver of efficacy, quantitatively identifies various improvements for drug design and emphasizes the need for QSP modelling to support the development of tau and aSyn antibodies.