bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Recent Hydrodynamic Modeling Enhancements in OpenFAST
Authors: Wang Lu , Jonkman Jason , Hayman Greg , Platt Andy , Jonkman Bonnie , Robertson Amy 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
To improve the hydrodynamic modeling capabilities of the offshore wind design and modeling tool OpenFAST, a restructuring of the HydroDyn hydrodynamics module was undertaken with several new features implemented. The generation of the wave field is now separated from HydroDyn into a new module called SeaState. Unlike previous versions of HydroDyn, which precomputed the wave kinematics at the undisplaced positions of the hydrodynamic nodes, the new SeaState module computes the complete time history of the wave field at the vertices of a user-defined wave grid. During the simulation, the wave kinematics at any point within the grid can be efficiently interpolated, allowing the strip-theory wave loads to be evaluated based on the wave kinematics at the displaced structure position. A phase correction was also implemented for the potential-flow wave-exciting loads to account for large structure displacements. Several wave-stretching methods were implemented for the strip-theory solution along with a wave-load redistribution method that ensures smooth variation of the nodal loads as the nodes of a discrete hydrodynamic mesh enter and exit the water. The load smoothing is included to avoid the excitation of unphysical high-frequency structural vibration during hydroelastic simulations. The MacCamy-Fuchs diffraction correction for the strip-theory solution and the capability to insert a constrained NewWave into extreme stochastic sea states with directional spreading were also added. The present article documents the formulations of the new improvements to HydroDyn with example applications and numerical results.
Comparison of Morison Forces With CFD Modelling for a Surface Piercing Column of a FOWT
Authors: H. Dadmarzi Fatemeh , Califano Andrea , Fonseca Nuno , Berthelsen Petter Andreas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
An accurate estimation of the low-frequency wave loads on floating wind turbines is important for design of mooring systems. In order to add wave drift viscous effects, to the potential flow loads from radiation/diffraction codes, one approach would be to use the drag term in Morison’s equation integrated to the instantaneous free surface. The aim of this study is to define the drag coefficients depending on distance to free surface and KC (Keulegan-Carpenter) number. A systematic series of CFD simulations of Stokes fifth order waves has been done for a fixed structure resembling the floating wind turbine structure studied in WINDMOOR project. Simulations are run with the CFD code STAR-CCM+. The structure is a tripod composed of three vertical columns joined at the bottom by pontoons and at the top by deck beams.
As one of the steps towards the analysis of the whole structure, the sectional CFD forces on one of the columns is studied here. Morison mass and drag coefficients are determined for each cross section of the column from the CFD simulation. Obtained sectional coefficients and total forces are compared with the available experimental data in the literature for a circular cylinder. The possible interaction effects between the columns are investigated. Forces on the sections close to the free surface are addressed and the accuracy of the Morison formula for these sections is discussed.
Numerical Modelling and Field Testing of a Pneumatic Mooring Damper for Application in Floating Offshore Wind
Authors: Khalid Faryal , Thies Philipp R. , Johanning Lars , Twohey Andrew , Grandelli Patrick , Newsam David 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The cost associated to mooring systems of floating offshore wind (FOW) turbines can be reduced by introducing innovative components that lower the design load requirements. An ideal FOW mooring system must possess sufficient stiffness to maintain station-keeping whilst providing the necessary compliance to dampen peak loads. The Intelligent Mooring System (IMS) is a component that provides this combination of desirable stiffness characteristics; it demonstrates a nonlinear stiffness response that not only reduces mooring loads but also loads transferred to other components and subsystems of the turbine. This results in providing an opportunity to reduce the load capacity and associated cost of the mooring system.
The key innovation, performance and reliability aspects of the IMS have been physically proven in previous experimental work. This paper presents the results of a numerical modelling study to develop the IMS to Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 6, that is, a demonstration in relevant environment. The IMS is integrated into the mooring system of the IEA 15-MW FOW reference turbine in OrcaFlex using a stiffness profile based on physical lab testing. Coupled hydro-aerodynamic simulations are used to highlight the load reduction potential offered by various configurations of the IMS in different water depths. The results of this study confirm that the load reduction potential of the IMS is larger in shallow water at rated wind speeds relative to deep water sites or extreme weather conditions. The IMS demonstrates a maximum reduction of up to 20%, indicating the possibility of lowering the design requirements for other mooring components leading to cost saving benefits. The paper will be of interest to practitioners and researchers tasked with the design, analysis and installation of mooring systems for floating wind.
Real-Time Hybrid Testing of a Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Using a Surrogate-Based Aerodynamic Emulator
Authors: Ransley Edward , Brown Scott , Edwards Emma , Tosdevin Tom , Monk Kieran , Reynolds Alastair , Greaves Deborah , Hann Martyn 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Physical modelling of floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) is challenging due to the complexities associated with simultaneous application of two different scaling laws, governing the hydrodynamic and aerodynamic loading on the structure. To avoid these issues, this paper presents a real-time hybrid testing strategy in which a feedback-loop, consisting of an on-board fan, and control algorithm, is utilised to emulate the aerodynamic forces acting on the FOWT system. Here, we apply this strategy to a 70th-scale IEA Wind 15MW reference wind turbine mounted on a version of the VolturnUS-S platform. Unlike other similar methods, which directly simulate the aerodynamic loads for the fan’s control using an aerodynamic code running in parallel with the experiment, this example utilises a surrogate model trained on numerical model data calculated in advance. This strategy enables high fidelity numerical model data, or even physical data, to be included in the aerodynamic emulation, by removing the requirement for real-time simulation, and, therefore, potentially enables more accurate loading predictions to be used in the experiments. This paper documents the development of the real-time hybrid testing system in the Coastal Ocean And Sediment Transport (COAST) Laboratory at the University of Plymouth in the U.K., including the hardware, software and instrumentation set-up, and demonstrates the power of the surrogate-based aerodynamic emulator based on numerical data calculated using OpenFAST.
Increasing Efficiency and Power Density of Floating Offshore Wind Platforms: Assessing the Viability of Gyroscopic Stabilization and Wave Energy Converters
Authors: Toland Talia , Emunah Gabriel , DuPont Bryony 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
There are substantial benefits to the adoption of offshore wind, namely consistent power production, the ability to deploy much larger turbines than traditionally installed onshore, and minimal disruption to residential or urban environments. However, over 80 percent of the ideal global offshore wind resource requires a floating turbine system because the water depth exceeds the maximum for fixed-bottom systems. Furthermore, many concerns and technical issues of fixed-bottom systems can potentially be mitigated with floating offshore wind — there would be significantly less disruption to the ocean floor, structures could be placed such that they are not visible from shore, and the operations and maintenance of these structures could be easier as floating platforms could potentially be towed quayside for maintenance. Additionally, there is an opportunity for floating offshore wind systems to generate more power and/or work more efficiently in that they can be combined with other energy capturing systems, such as wave energy converters (WECs). Wave energy converters transform energy from the waves into mechanical or electrical energy. WECs have yet to converge toward any one design, especially since there are many ways to capture energy from a cyclically moving fluid. It is also relatively expensive to design and build these systems, and as such, no singular economically efficient system has emerged in the industry. If WECs themselves are still not economically feasible, we see this as an opportunity to combine two emerging systems — floating offshore wind turbines and wave energy converters — to create a hybrid power generation system that would have a higher power density, increased efficiency, and potentially, eventual higher economic returns as the LCOE of each individual system continues to decrease.
This work is an exploratory design study of how wave energy converters (WECs) could be concurrently used to improve floating offshore wind platforms. Additionally, we will explore the use of gyroscopic stabilizers located within the floating offshore wind turbine platform, in addition to including wave energy converters that would extend off the sides of the platform and would be partially submerged. If feasible, this hybrid system would not only increase the efficiency of the wind turbine system themselves (by maintaining a more constant angle of attack into the wind and reducing stress from cyclical loading) but also generate more power, thus achieving a higher power density in a given location.
FOXO3A acts as immune response modulator in human virus-negative inflammatory cardiomyopathy
Authors: Makrutzki-Zlotek Kamila , Escher Felicitas , Karadeniz Zehra , Aleshcheva Ganna , Pietsch Heiko , Küchler Konstanze , Schultheiss Heinz-Peter , Heidecker Bettina , Poller Wolfgang , Landmesser Ulf , Scheibenbogen Carmen , Thevathasan Tharusan , Skurk Carsten 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveInflammatory cardiomyopathy is characterised by inflammatory infiltrates leading to cardiac injury, left ventricular (LV) dilatation and reduced LV ejection fraction (LVEF). Several viral pathogens and autoimmune phenomena may cause cardiac inflammation.The effects of the gain of functionFOXO3Asingle-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs12212067 on inflammation and outcome were studied in a cohort of patients with inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMi) in relation to cardiac viral presence.MethodsDistribution of the SNP was determined in virus-positive and virus-negative DCMi patients and in control subjects without myocardial pathology. Baseline and outcome data were compared in 221 virus-negative patients with detection of cardiac inflammation and reduced LVEF according to their carrier status of the SNP.ResultsDistribution of SNP rs12212067 did not differ between virus-positive (n=22, 19.3%), virus-negative (n=45, 20.4 %) and control patients (n=18, 23.4 %), indicating the absence of susceptibility for viral infection or inflammation per se (p=0.199). Patients in the virus-negative DCMi group were characterised by reduced LVEF 35.5% (95% CI) 33.5 to 37.4) and increased LVEDD (LV end-diastolic diameter) 59.8 mm (95% CI 58.5 to 61.2). Within the group, SNP and non-SNP carriers had similarly impaired LVEF 39.2% (95% CI 34.3% to 44.0%) vs 34.5% (95% CI 32.4 to 36.5), p=0.083, and increased LVEDD 58.9 mm (95% CI 56.3 to 61.5) vs 60.1 mm (95% CI 58.6 to 61.6), p=0.702, respectively. The number of inflammatory infiltrates was not different in both SNP groups at baseline. Outcome after 6 months showed a significant improvement in LVEF and clinical symptoms in SNP rs12212067 carriers 50.9% (95% CI 45.4 to 56.3) versus non-SNP carriers 41.7% (95% CI 39.2 to 44.2), p≤0.01. The improvement in clinical symptoms and LVEF was associated with a significant reduction in cardiac inflammation (ΔCD45RO+p≤0.05; ΔMac-1+p≤0.05; ΔLFA-1+p≤0.01; ΔCD54+p≤0.01) in the SNP cohort versus non-SNP cohort, respectively. Subgroup analyses identified ΔMac-1+, ΔLFA-1+, ΔCD3+and Δperforin+as predictors for improvement in cardiac function in SNP-positive patients.ConclusionFOXO3A might act as modulator of the cardiac immune response, diminishing cardiac inflammation and injury in pathogen-negative DCMi.
Clinical characteristics, evaluation and outcomes of chylopericardium: a systematic review
Authors: Verma Beni , Kumar Ashwin , Verma Nikita , Agrawal Ankit , Yesilyaprak Abdullah , Furqan Muhammad M , Mahalwar Gauranga , Berglund Felix , Manna Sayan , Schleicher Mary , Raeisi-Giglou Pejman , Nasser Mohamed , Jabri Ahmad , Wang Tom Kai Ming , Klein Allan L 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveChylopericardium (CPE) is a rare condition associated with accumulation of triglyceride-rich chylous fluid in the pericardial cavity. Due to minimal information on CPE within the literature, we conducted a systematic review of all published CPE cases to understand its clinical characteristics, management and outcomes.MethodsWe performed a literature search and identified cases of patients with CPE from 1946 until May 2021 in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We identified relevant articles for pooled analyses of clinical, diagnostic and outcome data.ResultsA total of 95 articles with 98 patients were identified. Patient demographics demonstrated male predominance (55%), with a mean age of 37±15 years. Time from symptom onset to diagnosis was 5 (Q1 4.5, Q3 14) days, with 74% of patients symptomatic on presentation. Idiopathic CPE (60%) was the most common aetiology. Cardiac tamponade secondary to CPE was seen in 38% of cases. Pericardial fluid analysis was required in 94% of cases. Lymphangiography identified the leakage site in 59% of patients. Medical therapy (total parenteral nutrition, medium-chain triglycerides or octreotide) was undertaken in 63% of cases. In our cohort, 32% progressed towards surgical intervention. During a median follow-up of 180 (Q1 180, Q3 377) days, CPE recurred in 16% of cases. Of the patients with recurrence, 10% were rehospitalised.ConclusionCPE tends to develop in younger patients and may cause serious complications. Many patients fail medical therapy, thereby requiring surgical intervention. Although overall mortality is low, associated morbidities warrant close follow-up and possible reintervention and hospitalisations.
Advances and new ideas for neutron-capture astrophysics experiments at CERN n_TOF
Authors: Domingo-Pardo C. , Babiano-Suarez V. , Balibrea-Correa J. , Caballero L. , Ladarescu I. , Lerendegui-Marco J. , Tain J. L. , Tarifeño-Saldivia A. , Aberle O. , Alcayne V. , Altieri S. , Amaducci S. , Andrzejewski J. , Bacak M. , Beltrami C. , Bennett S. , Bernardes A. P. , Berthoumieux E. , Boromiza M. , Bosnar D. , Caamaño M. , Calviño F. , Calviani M. , Cano-Ott D. , Casanovas A. , Cerutti F. , Cescutti G. , Chasapoglou S. , Chiaveri E. , Chiera N. M. , Colombetti P. , Colonna N. , Camprini P. Console , Cortés G. , A. Cortés-Giraldo M. , Cosentino L. , Cristallo S. , Dellmann S. , Di Castro M. , Di Maria S. , Diakaki M. , Dietz M. , Dressler R. , Dupont E. , Durán I. , Eleme Z. , Fargier S. , Fernández B. , Fernández-Domínguez B. , Finocchiaro P. , Fiore S. , García-Infantes F. , Gawlik-Ramięga A. , Gervino G. , Gilardoni S. , González-Romero E. , Guerrero C. , Gunsing F. , Gustavino C. , Heyse J. , Hillman W. , Jenkins D. G. , Jericha E. , Junghans A. , Kadi Y. , Kaperoni K. , Käppeler F. , Kaur G. , Kimura A. , Knapová I. , Köster U. , Kokkoris M. , Krtička M. , Kyritsis N. , Lederer-Woods C. , Lerner G. , Manna A. , Martínez T. , Masi A. , Massimi C. , Mastinu P. , Mastromarco M. , Maugeri E. A. , Mazzone A. , Mendoza E. , Mengoni A. , Milazzo P. M. , Mönch I. , Mucciola R. , Murtas F. , Musacchio-Gonzalez E. , Musumarra A. , Negret A. , Pérez de Rada A. , Pérez-Maroto P. , Patronis N. , Pavón-Rodríguez J. A. , Pellegriti M. G. , Perkowski J. , Petrone C. , Pirovano E. , Plaza J. , Pomp S. , Porras I. , Praena J. , Quesada J. M. , Reifarth R. , Rochman D. , Romanets Y. , Rubbia C. , Sánchez A. , Sabaté-Gilarte M. , Schillebeeckx P. , Schumann D. , Sekhar A. , Smith A. G. , Sosnin N. V. , Stamati M. , Sturniolo A. , Tagliente G. , Tarrío D. , Torres-Sánchez P. , Turko J. , Urlass S. , Vagena E. , Valenta S. , Variale V. , Vaz P. , Vecchio G. , Vescovi D. , Vlachoudis V. , Vlastou R. , Wallner T. , Woods P. J. , Wright T. , Zarrella R. , Žugec P. ,   The n_TOF Collaboration
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article presents a few selected developments and future ideas related to the measurement of $$(n,\gamma )$$

(
n
,
γ
)

data of astrophysical interest at CERN n_TOF. The MC-aided analysis methodology for the use of low-efficiency radiation detectors in time-of-flight neutron-capture measurements is discussed, with particular emphasis on the systematic accuracy. Several recent instrumental advances are also presented, such as the development of total-energy detectors with $$\gamma $$
γ
-ray imaging capability for background suppression, and the development of an array of small-volume organic scintillators aimed at exploiting the high instantaneous neutron-flux of EAR2. Finally, astrophysics prospects related to the intermediate i neutron-capture process of nucleosynthesis are discussed in the context of the new NEAR activation area.
Inhibition of STAT6 with Antisense Oligonucleotides Enhances the Systemic Antitumor Effects of Radiotherapy and Anti–PD-1 in Metastatic Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: He Kewen , Barsoumian Hampartsoum B. , Puebla-Osorio Nahum , Hu Yun , Sezen Duygu , Wasley Mark D. , Bertolet Genevieve , Zhang Jie , Leuschner Carola , Yang Liangpeng , Kettlun Leyton Claudia S. , Fowlkes Natalie Wall , Green Morgan Maureen , Hettrick Lisa , Chen Dawei , Masrorpour Fatemeh , Gu Meidi , Maazi Hadi , Revenko Alexey S. , Cortez Maria Angelica , Welsh James W. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDiverse factors contribute to the limited clinical response to radiotherapy (RT) and immunotherapy in metastatic non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), among which is the ability of these tumors to recruit a retinue of suppressive immune cells—such as M2 tumor-associated macrophages (TAM)—thereby establishing an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment that contributes to tumor progression and radio resistance. M2 TAMs are activated by the STAT6 signaling pathway. Therefore, we targeted STAT6 using an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) along with hypofractionated RT (hRT; 3 fractions of 12 Gy each) to primary tumors in three bilateral murine NSCLC models (Lewis lung carcinoma, 344SQ-parental, and anti–PD-1–resistant 344SQ lung adenocarcinomas). We found that STAT6 ASO plus hRT slowed growth of both primary and abscopal tumors, decreased lung metastases, and extended survival. Interrogating the mechanism of action showed reduced M2 macrophage tumor infiltration, enhanced TH1 polarization, improved T-cell and macrophage function, and decreased TGFβ levels. The addition of anti–PD-1 further enhanced systemic antitumor responses. These results provide a preclinical rationale for the pursuit of an alternative therapeutic approach for patients with immune-resistant NSCLC.
Circulating Extracellular Vesicle-Propagated microRNA Signature as a Vascular Calcification Factor in Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Koide Takaaki , Mandai Shintaro , Kitaoka Reo , Matsuki Hisazumi , Chiga Motoko , Yamamoto Kouhei , Yoshioka Kotaro , Yagi Yohsuke , Suzuki Soichiro , Fujiki Tamami , Ando Fumiaki , Mori Takayasu , Susa Koichiro , Iimori Soichiro , Naito Shotaro , Sohara Eisei , Rai Tatemitsu , Yokota Takanori , Uchida Shinichi 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) accelerates vascular calcification via phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). We investigated the roles of circulating small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) between the kidneys and VSMCs and uncovered relevant sEV-propagated microRNAs (miRNAs) and their biological signaling pathways.

Methods and Results:

We established CKD models in rats and mice by adenine-induced tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Cultures of A10 embryonic rat VSMCs showed increased calcification and transcription of osterix (
Sp7
), osteocalcin (
Bglap
), and osteopontin (
Spp1
) when treated with rat CKD serum. sEVs, but not sEV-depleted serum, accelerated calcification in VSMCs. Intraperitoneal administration of a neutral sphingomyelinase and biogenesis/release inhibitor of sEVs, GW4869 (2.5 mg/kg per 2 days), inhibited thoracic aortic calcification in CKD mice under a high-phosphorus diet. GW4869 induced a nearly full recovery of calcification and transcription of osteogenic marker genes. In CKD, the miRNA transcriptome of sEVs revealed a depletion of 4 miRNAs,
miR-16-5p
,
miR-17~92
cluster-originated
miR-17-5p
/
miR-20a-5p
, and
miR-106b-5p
. Their expression decreased in sEVs from CKD patients as kidney function deteriorated. Transfection of VSMCs with each miRNA-mimic mitigated calcification. In silico analyses revealed VEGFA (vascular endothelial growth factor A) as a convergent target of these miRNAs. We found a 16-fold increase in
VEGFA
transcription in the thoracic aorta of CKD mice under a high-phosphorus diet, which GW4869 reversed. Inhibition of VEGFA-VEGFR2 signaling with sorafenib, fruquintinib, sunitinib, or
VEGFR2
-targeted siRNA mitigated calcification in VSMCs. Orally administered fruquintinib (2.5 mg/kg per day) for 4 weeks suppressed the transcription of osteogenic marker genes in the mouse aorta. The area under the curve of
miR-16-5p
,
miR-17-5p
,
20a-5p
, and
miR-106b-5p
for the prediction of abdominal aortic calcification was 0.7630, 0.7704, 0.7407, and 0.7704, respectively.

Conclusions:
The miRNA transcriptomic signature of circulating sEVs uncovered their pathologic role, devoid of the calcification-protective miRNAs that target VEGFA signaling in CKD-driven vascular calcification. These sEV-propagated miRNAs are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for vascular calcification.
Mendicants, Minimalism, and Method: Franciscan Scientific Travel in the Early Modern French Atlantic
Authors: Kellman Jordan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This article explores the scientific travels of French members of mendicant orders in the early modern Atlantic World. The Royal Cosmographer André Thevet, the Capuchin Claude D’Abbeville and the Minim Charles Plumier demonstrate a coherent but evolving Franciscan perspective in missionary scientific observation on the colonial frontier. It argues that the Franciscan monastic tradition, the Franciscan reform movement, and the teachings of the Minim order interacted with the colonial landscape and encounters with local environments and indigenous peoples in the Atlantic and Caribbean to produce a unique tradition of natural knowledge production. This tradition culminates in the convergence of the Minim worldview with the cartographic and observational program of the Paris Academy of Sciences in the Atlantic voyages of the French Minim friar and scientific traveler Louis Feuillée at the turn of the eighteenth century.