bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Kinetic‐Modulated Crystal Phase of Ru for Hydrogen Oxidation
Authors: Zhang Juntao , Cao Maofeng , Li Xiaotong , Xu Yong , Zhao Wei , Chen Ligang , Chang Yu‐Chung , Pao Chih‐Wen , Hu Zhiwei , Huang Xiaoqing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCrystal‐phase‐engineering provides a powerful strategy for regulating the catalytic performance yet remains great challenge. Herein, the kinetic‐modulated crystal‐phase‐control of Ru nanosheet assemblies (Ru NAs) is demonstrated by simply altering the concentration of citric acid (CA). Detailed experimental results reveal that high concentration of CA retards the growth kinetics and thus leads to the formation of metastable face‐centered cubic (fcc) Ru NAs, while low concentration of CA results in the fast growth kinetics and the preferential formation of Ru NAs with stable hexagonal close packed (hcp) phase. Moreover, Ru NAs with different phases are used as catalyst for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) to evaluate the effects of crystal phase on catalytic performance. Impressively, Ru NAs with fcc phase display a mass activity of 2.75 A mgRu−1 at 50 mV, which is much higher than those of Ru NAs with fcc/hcp (1.02 A mgRu−1) and hcp (0.74 A mgRu−1) phases. Theoretical calculations show that fcc Ru NAs display weaker adsorption toward *H and lower energy barrier toward the rate‐determining step (RDS) during HOR. This work provides a facile strategy for regulating the crystal phase of Ru nanocrystals, which may attract rapid interests of researchers in materials, chemistry, and catalysis.
Study on Flocculation Performance of New Cationic Starch‐Based Sludge Wastewater Flocculant
Authors: Luo Yulu , Lin Jiangli , Wang Xiaotian , Yeerken Aheyelikai , Ma Hongying 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFrom the perspective of ecological environment and human health, efficient and easily biodegradable starch‐based flocculants for replacing the currently used polyacrylamide (PAM) and cationic PAM (CPAM) flocculants are the future development trend. In this paper, starch graft polymerization of acrylamide‐allyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (St‐g‐ATMAC) is prepared by grafting and copolymerizing acrylamide and the short‐chain quaternary ammonium cationic monomer ATMAC onto the molecular chain of soluble starch. Compared with PAM and CPAM, this flocculant has a lower water content in the filter cake after treating wastewater, making the subsequent treatment easier. Moreover, the flocculant is resistant to high temperature. Specifically, at 40 °C, the filter cake moisture content (FCMC) is still lower than those of PAM and CPAM. Furthermore, the flocculant is resistant to acid and alkali. In the over‐acidic and over‐alkaline environment after treatment, the FCMC remains lower than that of the PAM‐ and CPAM‐treated mud cake. In summary, St‐g‐ATMAC is a new type of water treatment flocculant that can effectively treat wastewater with low dosage, wide temperature, and pH range and has the potential to be widely used in water treatment.
Dialogic Instruction in a Chinese EFL Classroom: A Practitioner Perspective
Authors: Cui Ruiguo , Teo Peter 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDialogic instruction, a form of instruction that engages students in meaningful and substantive classroom dialogue, has been shown to benefit students in many ways. However, few studies on dialogic instruction have focused on the role and agency of classroom teachers as they navigate and negotiate the vagaries of classroom talk, especially in contexts such as China where students are more accustomed to a more monologic mode of instruction. This practitioner research was conceived to address this gap in the literature by exploring the implementation of dialogic instruction in an English as a foreign language (EFL) classroom by the first author. A 15‐week instructional programme based on the principles of dialogic instruction was implemented in an intact English reading class in a Chinese university. Video‐recordings of all 15 lessons were transcribed and analysed using a coding system specifically designed to identify and examine the quality of dialogic moves made. The analysis shows the potential of dialogic instruction in the EFL classroom but also reveals some missed opportunities and challenges. The potential, challenges and other pedagogical implications are discussed with a view towards facilitating EFL teachers' implementation of dialogic instruction.
The pan‐cancer analysis of the oncogenic role of FAM72A as a BRCA prognostic biomarker and immunotherapeutic target
Authors: Xu Yiying , Hirachan Suzita , Shen Yanyan , Huang Qidi , Bhandari Adheesh , Xia Erjie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this study, we first comprehensively investigated the expression profile, mutation status, and survival analysis of FAM72A as well as the correlation between FAM72A and DNA damage repair, methylation, and cell stemness analysis using bioinformatics techniques. In addition, we also analyzed the relationship between FAM72A and immune cell infiltration and pathway enrichment. The role of FAM72A in breast cancer (BC) was so conspicuous that we analyzed the prognostic significance and clinicopathological parameter's relevance of FAM72A in BC. We also validated biological functions by applying in vitro experiments. FAM72A was highly expressed in 26 types of a total of 31 cancers, while it expressed low levels in only five cancers. FAM72A expression was relative to clinical stages in nine cancers and has a significant difference in disease‐free survival among 31 kinds of cancers. In addition, FAM72A has negatively correlated with cancer‐associated fibroblast and endothelial cells in BC but positively correlated with follicular helper T cells. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses identified T, N, M, age, and FAM72A expression as independent influences on BC prognosis, so we created a nomogram to predict patient survival benefits. In in vitro experiments, we verified that downregulation of FAM72A not only inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, cell migration, cell invasion, and G2/M cell cycle transition but also promoted apoptosis of breast invasive carcinoma cells. Our study discovered FAM72A as a clinically meaningful biomarker for prognostic predicting and a guiding target for immune treatment in BC.
If Not Now, When?
Authors: Murray Brittany , Brill-Carlat Matthew , Höhn Maria 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe burgeoning field of Refugee, Migration, and Displacement Studies has documented in great detail that displaced people face disproportionate educational, economic, and political barriers—whether in transit, in camps, or after resettling. Our community of academics can agree on defining these challenges, at least in broad strokes. Indeed, we know enough about the scope and challenges that forced migration and displacement present to our world to advance a simple but ambitious question: What comes next?
Place-Conscious Education: Teaching Displacement Using Oral Histories in Virtual Reality
Authors: Stone Heather N. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDeep in the bayous of Louisiana lies Isle de Jean Charles, home to the tribe of the Jean Charles Choctaw Nation, made up of the tribes of the Biloxi, Chitimacha, and Choctaw, since the early 1800s. At this time the three tribes were distinct and had kept much of their culture intact by isolating themselves from European contact, even if it meant ceding their land. They were seen as “invisible people,” those who kept to themselves to avoid contact with whites. As the remnants of the tribes of the Biloxi, Chitimacha, and Choctaw resettled in Terrebonne Parish, their land encompassed 22,000 acres (about half the size of Washington, DC). After their initial displacements, the tribe suffered loss of land again when oil companies dug more than 10,000 miles of canals straight through the wetlands and brought oil rigs to Isle de Jean Charles. Promised repair of wetlands never happened. Isle de Jean Charles has now been reduced to only 320 acres (which is about five and a half times the size of the National Cathedral in Washington, DC), and, in some places, is only a quarter of a mile wide. Virtual reality lessons have been implemented to teach others by documenting the residents’ voices using their history of place and ancestry and experiences of displacement due to the dramatic loss of land brought on by the destruction of wetlands in the Gulf of Mexico.
Rebuilding After War and Genocide: Learning with and from Refugees in the Transnational Digital Classroom
Authors: Brill-Carlat Matthew , Höhn Maria 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Covid-19 emergency spurred a flurry of teaching innovations as higher education institutions turned to online or blended learning models, and as international collaborations have moved nearly entirely online. These circumstances inspired us to revisit the digital transatlantic seminar, “Germany 1945: History and Memory in Germany after WWII,” taught by Höhn in Spring 2018 to a group of seven Vassar students (Brill-Carlat among them) and six advanced high-school students—between the ages of 17 and 22—who had come to Berlin as asylum seekers from Syria, Iraq, and Afghanistan. The course dealt with history and memory of World War II and the Holocaust in Germany. As such, it reflected a core commitment of the Consortium on Forced Migration, Displacement, and Education (CFMDE), founded by Höhn at Vassar and partners (Bard, Bennington, Sarah Lawrence, the New School, and the Council for European Studies): the importance of providing opportunities for our undergraduate students to learn with and from refugees and displaced individuals if they are to understand and tackle the global, multidimensional challenges of forced migration. As institutional resistance to digital teaching necessarily vanished with the Covid-19 pandemic in Spring 2020 and the direction of future online-learning policies is up for debate, we revisit the 2018 class to examine lessons learned and how this project points the way to another digital venture: digitally “hosting” displaced scholars at liberal arts campuses.
Teaching Undergraduate Forced Migration Studies Through a Community-based Law and Policy Clinic During Covid: What Are the Crises and Opportunities?
Authors: Smith Doug , Bracamontes Alejandro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis is a story of how we sustained, through 2020, 2021, and now into 2022, a community-based law clinic where teachers and students, combining their relative subversive potentials, created a laboratory in which to experiment with ways for lawyers to work in impacted communities in an organizer’s voice. It is also a story of how the tragic opportunities created by a worldwide pandemic have led us to a still dimly envisioned model of resistance in communities constructed by legal constraints on migration in the age of Covid-19.
Hilbert series, the Higgs mechanism, and HEFT
Authors: Gráf Lukáš , Henning Brian , Lu Xiaochuan , Melia Tom , Murayama Hitoshi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We expand Hilbert series technologies in effective field theory for the inclusion of massive particles, enabling, among other things, the enumeration of operator bases for non-linearly realized gauge theories. We find that the Higgs mechanism is manifest at the level of the Hilbert series, as expected for the partition function of an S-matrix that is subject to the Goldstone equivalence theorem. In addition to massive vectors, we detail how other massive, spinning particles can be studied with Hilbert series; in particular, we spell out the ingredients for massive gravity in general spacetime dimensions. Further methodology is introduced to enable Hilbert series to capture the effect of spurion fields acquiring vevs. We apply the techniques to the Higgs Effective Field Theory (HEFT), providing a systematic enumeration of its operator basis. This is achieved both from a direct and a custodial symmetry spurion-based approach; we compare and contrast the two approaches, and our results to those appearing in previous literature.
Investigating the collinear splitting effects of boosted dark matter at neutrino detectors
Authors: Li Jinmian , Pei Junle , Zhang Cong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We study the probing prospects of cosmic ray boosted dark matter (DM) in the framework of simplified electron-philic dark photon model. Focusing on the dark matter and dark photon masses around keV ~ MeV scale, we consider the bounds obtained from the XENON1T and Super-K experiments. The electron bound state effects are treated carefully in calculating the XENON1T constraint. As for the detection at neutrino detector where the energy threshold is relatively higher, the large logarithmic effects induced by the scale hierarchy between the masses and momentum transfer are considered by introducing the DM parton distribution function (PDF). The logarithmic effects will reduce the electron recoil rate for DM scattering in neutrino detectors. Moreover, we find the DUNE and JUNO experiments provide high sensitivities for probing the dark photon component in the DM PDF through the dark Compton process. We also check the Bullet Cluster constraint on the DM self-scattering cross section.
One-loop string amplitudes in AdS5×S5: Mellin space and sphere splitting
Authors: Aprile F. , Drummond J. M. , Glew R. , Santagata M. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We study string corrections to one-loop amplitudes of single-particle operators $$ \mathcal{O} $$
O
p in AdS5×S5. The tree-level correlators in supergravity enjoy an accidental 10d conformal symmetry. Consequently, one observes a partial degeneracy in the spectrum of anomalous dimensions of double-trace operators and at the same time equality of many different correlators for different external charges pi=1,2,3,4. The one-loop contribution is expected to lift such bonus properties, and its precise form can be predicted from tree-level data and consistency with the operator product expansion.Here we present a closed-form Mellin space formula for $$ \left\langle {\mathcal{O}}_{p1}{\mathcal{O}}_{p2}{\mathcal{O}}_{p3}{\mathcal{O}}_{p4}\right\rangle $$

O

p
1

O

p
2

O

p
3

O

p
4

at order (α′)3, valid for arbitrary external charges pi. Our formula makes explicit the lifting of the bonus degeneracy among different correlators through a feature we refer to as ‘sphere splitting’. While tree-level Mellin amplitudes come with a single crossing symmetric kernel, which defines the pole structure of the AdS5× S5 amplitude, our one-loop amplitude naturally splits the S5 part into two separate contributions. The amplitude also exhibits a remarkable consistency with the corresponding flat space IIB amplitude through the large p limit.
On extended supersymmetry of 4d Galileons and 3-brane effective actions
Authors: Elvang Henriette , Mitchell Matthew Dominique 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We use on-shell amplitude methods to systematically analyze the possibility of extended supersymmetry for 4d Galileon models, expanding on previous $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 1 results. Assuming spins ≤ 1, we prove that there exists no $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 4 supersymmetric extension of 4d Galileons with a single vector multiplet. Thus the Galileons cannot be part of the effective action of a single flat maximally supersymmetric D3-brane, and that explains why such terms do not appear in the α′-expansion of the abelian open superstring amplitude. For $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 Galileons, we show that the complex scalar Z = ϕ + iχ of the vector supermultiplet cannot have ϕ and χ both enjoy enhanced shift symmetry; instead, χ can at best be an R-axion with constant shift symmetry. Using the soft bootstrap, we demonstrate that the quartic DBI-Galileon is incompatible with $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 supersymmetry. A similar analysis performed at 7-point shows that a 2-parameter family of $$ \mathcal{N} $$
N
= 2 supersymmetric quintic Galileons coupled with DBI passes the soft bootstrap. Finally, we show how supersymmetric couplings between Galileons and gravitons arise in generalizations of our constructions, and we conclude with a discussion of Galileons and DBI-Galileons in the context of UV-completability vs. the Swampland.
Fractional conformal descendants and correlators in general 2D SN orbifold CFTs at large N
Authors: Burrington Benjamin A. , Peet A. W. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We consider correlation functions in symmetric product (SN) orbifold CFTs at large N with arbitrary seed CFT. Specifically, we consider correlators of descendant operators constructed using both the full Virasoro generators Lm and fractional Virasoro generators $$ {\ell}_{m/{n}_i} $$

ℓ

m
/

n
i

. Using covering space techniques, we show that correlators of descendants may be written entirely in terms of correlators of ancestors, and further that the appropriate set of ancestors are those operators that lift to conformal primaries on the cover. We argue that the covering space data should cancel out in such calculations. To back this claim, we provide some example calculations by considering a three-point function of the form (4-cycle)-(2-cycle)-(5-cycle) that lifts to a three-point function of arbitrary primaries on the cover, and descendants thereof. In these examples we show that while the covering space is used for the calculation, the final descent relations do not depend on covering space data, nor on the details of which seed CFT is used to construct the orbifold, making these results universal.
Rescue of High Glucose Impairment of Cultured Human Osteoblasts Using Cinacalcet and Parathyroid Hormone
Authors: Shahen V. A. , Schindeler A. , Rybchyn M. S. , Girgis C. M. , Mulholland B. , Mason R. S. , Levinger I. , Brennan-Speranza T. C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPatients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) experience a higher risk of fractures despite paradoxically exhibiting normal to high bone mineral density (BMD). This has drawn into question the applicability to T2DM of conventional fracture reduction treatments that aim to retain BMD. In a primary human osteoblast culture system, high glucose levels (25 mM) impaired cell proliferation and matrix mineralization compared to physiological glucose levels (5 mM). Treatment with parathyroid hormone (PTH, 10 nM), a bone anabolic agent, and cinacalcet (CN, 1 µM), a calcimimetic able to target the Ca2+-sensing receptor (CaSR), were tested for their effects on proliferation and differentiation. Strikingly, CN+PTH co-treatment was shown to promote cell growth and matrix mineralization under both physiological and high glucose conditions. CN+PTH reduced apoptosis by 0.9-fold/0.4-fold as measured by Caspase-3 activity assay, increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression by 1.5-fold/twofold, increased the ratio of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL) to osteoprotegerin (OPG) by 2.1-fold/1.6-fold, and increased CaSR expression by 1.7-fold/4.6-fold (physiological glucose/high glucose). Collectively, these findings indicate a potential for CN+PTH combination therapy as a method to ameliorate the negative impact of chronic high blood glucose on bone remodeling.
Technical note–in situ laminotomy: preserving posterior tension band in surgery of pediatric multilevel spinal tumor
Authors: Frassanito Paolo , Noya Carolina , Ducoli Giorgio , Massimi Luca , Bianchi Federico , Verdolotti Tommaso , Tamburrini Gianpiero 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Laminotomy has been introduced in surgical practice to reduce complications of laminectomy after surgery of tumors in the spinal canal. However, the posterior ligament complex, which is routinely interrupted to remove the laminoplasty segment and gain access to the spinal canal, has a tendency not to heal and can lead to progressive kyphosis and collapse.

Case presentation
A 5-month-old boy affected by a thoracolumbar extradural tumor extending along seven spinal levels was operated on. The tumor was exposed and completely resected by a one-piece laminotomy with preservation of the integrity of the posterior tension band at both extremities. After 1-year radiological examination ruled out spinal deformity.

Conclusion
The technique herein presented, which we named in situ laminotomy, allows to fully preserve the posterior tension band without reducing the exposure of the spinal canal in multilevel tumors. Additionally, the technique makes also the reconstruction of the spine elements very easy and rapid. However, longer follow-up is necessary to prove the effectiveness of this procedure in preventing long-term deformity and instability.
The nonpathogenic strain of Fusarium oxysporum FO12 induces Fe deficiency responses in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants
Authors: Aparicio Miguel A. , Lucena Carlos , García María J. , Ruiz-Castilla Francisco J. , Jiménez-Adrián Pablo , López-Berges Manuel S. , Prieto Pilar , Alcántara Esteban , Pérez-Vicente Rafael , Ramos José , Romera Francisco J. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Main conclusion
FO12 strain enhances Fe deficiency responses in cucumber plants, probably through the production of ethylene and NO in the subapical regions of the roots.

Abstract
Rhizosphere microorganisms can elicit induced systemic resistance (ISR) in plants. This type of resistance involves complex mechanisms that confer protection to the plant against pathogen attack. Additionally, it has been reported by several studies that ISR and Fe deficiency responses are modulated by common pathways, involving some phytohormones and signaling molecules, like ethylene and nitric oxide (NO). The aim of this study was to determine whether the nonpathogenic strain of Fusarium oxysporum FO12 can induce Fe deficiency responses in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants. Our results demonstrate that the root inoculation of cucumber plants with the FO12 strain promotes plant growth after several days of cultivation, as well as rhizosphere acidification and enhancement of ferric reductase activity. Moreover, Fe-related genes, such as FRO1, IRT1 and HA1, are upregulated at certain times after FO12 inoculation either upon Fe-deficiency or Fe-sufficient conditions. Furthermore, it has been found that this fungus colonizes root cortical tissues, promoting the upregulation of ethylene synthesis genes and NO production in the root subapical regions. To better understand the effects of the FO12 strain on field conditions, cucumber plants were inoculated and cultivated in a calcareous soil under greenhouse conditions. The results obtained show a modification of some physiological parameters in the inoculated plants, such as flowering and reduction of tissue necrosis. Overall, the results suggest that the FO12 strain could have a great potential as a Fe biofertilizer and biostimulant.