bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Age‐related differences in social media use, online social support, and depressive symptoms in adolescents and emerging adults
Authors: Politte‐Corn Madison , Nick Elizabeth A. , Kujawa Autumn 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundDespite growing concerns about the impact of social media use on the developing brain and associated mental health impacts, whether susceptibility to the benefits and harms of social media use changes across adolescence and young adulthood has yet to be empirically tested.MethodUsing a cross‐sectional sample of participants aged 14–22 years (N = 254), we examined (a) linear and non‐linear age‐related changes in social media use and online social support and (b) age‐related differences in the effects of social media use and online social support on depressive symptoms.ResultsWe found age differences in social media use, but not online social support, such that social media use increased across adolescence and peaked around age 20, followed by stable use into young adulthood. Age moderated the effect of online social support, but not overall social media use, on depressive symptoms, such that online social support was negatively associated with depressive symptoms for adolescents (age < 16.98), but the opposite pattern emerged for young adults (age > 19.04).ConclusionsResults suggest overall developmental changes in social media use and that adolescents may be more susceptible than emerging adults to the beneficial effects of positive online interactions on mental health.
Prediction of bioactivities of microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase‐1 inhibitors by machine learning algorithms
Authors: Tian Yujia , Yang Zhenwu , Wang Hongzhao , Yan Aixia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThere is a strong interest in the development of microsomal prostaglandin E2 synthase‐1 (mPGES‐1) inhibitors of their potential to safely and effectively treat inflammation. Herein, 70 QSAR models were built on the dataset (735 mPGES‐1 inhibitors) characterized with RDKit descriptors by multiple linear regression (MLR), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), deep neural networks (DNN), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). The other three regression models on the dataset are represented by SMILES using self‐attention recurrent neural networks (RNN) and Graph Convolutional Networks (GCN). For the best model (Model C2), which was developed by SVM with RDKit descriptors, the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.861 and root mean squared error (RMSE) of 0.235 were achieved for the test set. Additionally, R2 of 0.692 and RMSE of 0.383 were obtained on the external test set. We investigated the applicability domain (AD) of Model C2 with the rivality index (RI), the prediction of Model C2 on 78.92% of molecules in the test set, and 78.33% of molecules in the external test set were reliable. After dissecting the RDKit descriptors of Model C2, we found important physicochemical properties of highly active mPGES‐1 inhibitors. Besides, by analyzing the attention weight of each atom of each inhibitor from the attention layer, we found that the benzamide group and the trifluoromethyl cyclohexane group are favorable substructures for mPGES‐1 inhibitors.
Multiphase optimization strategy: How to build more effective, affordable, scalable and efficient social and behavioural oral health interventions
Authors: Guastaferro Kate , Strayhorn Jillian C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis commentary introduces the field of social behavioural oral health interventions to the multiphase optimization strategy (MOST). MOST is a principled framework for the development, optimization and evaluation of multicomponent interventions. Drawing from the fields of engineering, behavioural science, economics, decision science and public health, intervention optimization requires a strategic balance of effectiveness with affordability, scalability and efficiency. We argue that interventions developed using MOST are more likely to maximize the public health impact of social behavioural oral health interventions.
Achieving consensus on priorities for future behavioural and social research into social inequalities—Results of polling attendees at the BEHSR/IADR Summit on Behavioral and Social Oral Health Sciences
Authors: Newton Jonathon Tim 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo explore the priority given by researchers working in the field of behavioural, epidemiological and health services research to key aspects of research in oral health and inequalities.MethodSurvey of registrants at the Behavioural Epidemiological and Health Services Research group of the International Association for Dental Research (BEHSR/IADR) Summit October 2020.FindingsThe highest ranking for priority was given to ‘Testing interventions to reducing oral health inequalities’, and within this area to the exploration of public health approaches to reducing such disparities. Lower ranking priorities included ‘Describing inequalities within countries’ and ‘Describing the mechanisms by which inequality produces poor health’.ConclusionsRegistrants at the (BEHSR/IADR) Summit October 2020 gave priority to testing interventions which will seek to reduce oral health inequalities, particularly through public health approaches such as creating policy change and community level interventions. Epidemiological research describing inequalities within countries was given a lower priority.
Social capital and stock price crash risk: Evidence from US terrorist attacks
Authors: Mun Hyejin , Mun Seongjae , Kim Hyeong Joon 
Published: February 2023

AbstractResearch Question/IssueThis study examines whether social capital's monitoring role intensifies during post‐terrorism periods, as terrorism influences citizens' willingness to change society and increases stakeholder participation. Focusing on firms' stock price crash risk, caused by managers' opportunistic behavior (viz., bad news hoarding), we hypothesize that social capital under terrorism reduces stock price crash risk, as it is expected to play an external monitoring governance role.Research Findings/InsightsUsing US public firms, a county‐level social capital index, and terrorist attacks from 1992 to 2014, we find that social capital surrounding corporate headquarters significantly reduces stock price crash risk during post‐terrorism periods. The results are robust to propensity score matching and instrumental variable regressions, and a battery of sensitivity tests. Overall, we suggest that stakeholders' willingness (that is intensified by terrorism) to monitor firms' bad news hoarding is channeled through social capital. Furthermore, the monitoring role of social capital under terrorism is significant for firms with poor internal monitoring, more institutional investors, less entrenched managers, CEOs preferring bad news hoarding, and accompanied by improvement of analysts' forecasts, suggesting that the impact of external governance may differ by firms' governance characteristics.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsWe contribute to the corporate governance literature by investigating the role of social capital as external governance. While terrorism brings serious damage and economic costs, our study shows that it gives rise to the increased role of social capital, suggesting a novel perspective that terrorism's unexpected socio‐psychological outcome, being non‐financial social threats, leads to positive corporate behaviors by stimulating stakeholders' willingness to monitor firms. Our study is also consistent with the literature that social capital particularly matters in certain periods, such as traumatic events. Furthermore, the impact of a firm's external monitor differs by its governance characteristics, highlighting the importance of corporate governance.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsWe suggest that social capital serves as firms' external monitor by restraining managers' bad news hoarding under certain circumstances, providing implications for policymakers and practitioners. According to our results, traumatic events, such as terrorism, could be viewed as the moderator for the impact of social capital on corporates, emphasizing the need for intensifying social capital (or making it more effective) without tragic incidents. Meanwhile, one might view social capital as the mediator for the increased willingness of individuals to monitor during the post‐terrorism period, highlighting the need for sufficient social capital in the local community.
The international system for reporting serous fluid cytopathology: The initial project survey
Authors: VandenBussche Christopher J. , Crothers Barbara , Chandra Ashish , Schmitt Fernando , Kurtycz Daniel F. I. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveAn international panel in the field of body fluid cytology, supported by the International Academy of Cytology and the American Society of Cytopathology, conducted a survey to identify opinions and explore existing practice patterns regarding body fluid cytopathology.MethodsThe study group, formed during the 2018 European Congress of Cytology in Madrid, generated a survey of 54 questions related to the practice and taxonomy of body fluid cytology. The survey was available online from 28 August 2018 until 10 December 2018. Participants were invited through the websites and listserves of the professional societies.ResultsThe survey collected 593 international participant responses. Questions pertained to practice patterns and diagnostic language. Information was collected regarding credentials, work setting, work volume (4‐10,000 samples) and years in practice (0‐60 years). The responses revealed variations in diagnostic practice and sample management. Direct smears and ThinPrep® preparations are the most popular methods, followed by Cytospin® and SurePath®. Most (70%) respondents perform ancillary studies on their material, with over 50% preferring a cell block preparation. Approximately 32% indicated that they are capable of performing genetic studies on the samples. Nearly 78% of participants would accept a two‐stage cytology report, with a preliminary assessment followed by a final diagnosis that accounts for ancillary studies to generate a more precise cytological interpretation. Approximately one‐third (36%) never report adequacy on body fluid samples. Most (78%) report a general category result (negative, atypical, suspicious, or positive) and 22% provide a detailed surgical pathology type report. Most (73.6%) participants believe that both Papanicolaou stains and a modified Giemsa stain (eg Diff Quik) should be standard preparations for all serous fluid cytology.ConclusionsThe results of the survey demonstrated strong support for the development of a unified system for reporting body fluid cytopathology among respondents.
Drinking in the home: What does it entail for younger and older Finns?
Authors: Mäkelä Pia , Härkönen Janne , Lintonen Tomi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionStudies about drinking in homes are scarce despite the growing importance of the phenomenon. We examined how often different age groups in Finland drink—overall or to intoxication—in their own homes without company beyond the family and in their own or other people's homes with other company, compared to other settings, and on what days and hours of the week this occurs.MethodsA general population survey carried out in 2016 with event‐level data (n = 7124 occasions by 1955 respondents). Key measurements included location, drinking company, amount of alcohol drunk and time of the week.ResultsDrinking occasions in which alcohol was drunk at home without visitors made up 74% of all occasions and 73% of all intoxication occasions among people aged 60–79 years and 25% and 5% among 15‐ to 29‐year‐olds, respectively. The share of ‘with company’ occasions in somebody's home varied less by age. Occasions with pre/post drinking in homes and drinking occasions lasting until late at night were seen most often among 15‐ to 29‐year‐olds.Discussion and ConclusionsThe important aspects of home drinking vary greatly by age group and depending on what risk or type of consequence is considered. For older people and for chronic harm, the key aspect is drinking at home without company beyond the family. The more important aspect for younger people and acute harm is pre‐ and post‐drinking in homes before or after going to bars or nightclubs, which results in long evenings with large amounts of alcohol consumed.
Vocal input and output among infants in a multilingual context: Evidence from long‐form recordings in Vanuatu
Authors: Cristia Alejandrina , Gautheron Lucas , Colleran Heidi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhat are the vocal experiences of children growing up on Malakula island, Vanuatu, where multilingualism is the norm? Long‐form audio‐recordings captured spontaneous speech behavior by, and around, 38 children (5–33 months, 23 girls) from 11 villages. Automated analyses revealed most children's vocal input came from female adults and other children's voices, with small contributions from male adult voices. The greatest changes with age involved an increase in the input vocalizations from other children. Total input (collapsing across child‐directed and overheard speech, and across languages) was ∼11 min per hour, which was at least 5 min (31%) lower than that found in other populations studied using comparable methods in previous literature, as well as in archival American data analyzed with the same algorithm. In contrast, children's own vocalization counts were two to four times higher than previous reports for North‐American English‐learning monolingual infants at matched ages, and comparable to estimates from archival American data, consistent with a resilient language‐learning cognitive system for this aspect of vocal development. The strongest association between input and output was with vocalizations by other children, rather than those by adults, which is consistent with research in anthropology but less so with current theoretical trends in developmental psychology. These results invite further research in populations that are under‐represented in developmental science.Research Highlights
Combining long‐form recordings with automated analyses, we estimated infants potentially exposed to ∼2.6 languages heard ∼11 min of speech per hour.
Infants’ input was dominated by vocalizations from female adults and from other children, particularly for the oldest infants in our sample.
The strongest association between children's own vocalization counts and input counts was with those of other children, and not those with adults.
Results invite further research on individual, group, and population variability in input quantity and composition, and its potential effects on vocal development.
Brain structural and functional connectivity and network organization in cerebral palsy: A scoping review
Authors: Jacobs Nina P. T. , Pouwels Petra J. W. , van der Krogt Marjolein M. , Meyns Pieter , Zhu Kangdi , Nelissen Loïs , Schoonmade Linda J. , Buizer Annemieke I. , van de Pol Laura A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimTo explore altered structural and functional connectivity and network organization in cerebral palsy (CP), by clinical CP subtype (unilateral spastic, bilateral spastic, dyskinetic, and ataxic CP).MethodPubMed and Embase databases were systematically searched. Extracted data included clinical characteristics, analyses, outcome measures, and results.ResultsSixty‐five studies were included, of which 50 investigated structural connectivity, and 20 investigated functional connectivity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (14 studies) or electroencephalography (six studies). Five of the 50 studies of structural connectivity and one of 14 of functional connectivity investigated whole‐brain network organization. Most studies included patients with unilateral spastic CP; none included ataxic CP.InterpretationDifferences in structural and functional connectivity were observed between investigated clinical CP subtypes and typically developing individuals on a wide variety of measures, including efferent, afferent, interhemispheric, and intrahemispheric connections. Directions for future research include extending knowledge in underrepresented CP subtypes and methodologies, evaluating the prognostic potential of specific connectivity and network measures in neonates, and understanding therapeutic effects on brain connectivity.
One‐year real‐world performance of the DBLG1 closed‐loop system: Data from 3706 adult users with type 1 diabetes in Germany
Authors: Benhamou Pierre‐Yves , Adenis Alice , Lebbad Hocine , Tourki Yousra , Heredia Maria‐Belen , Gehr Bernhard , Franc Sylvia , Charpentier Guillaume 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThe Diabeloop Generation 1 (DBLG1) system is an interoperable hybrid closed‐loop solution that was commercialized in Germany in March 2021. We report the longitudinal glycaemic outcomes among the first 3706 users in a real‐world setting.MethodsWe performed a retrospective data collection of all consenting adult patients with type 1 diabetes who were equipped in Germany with the DBLG1 system before 30 April 2022, and with a minimum 14 days of closed‐loop usage.ResultsIn total, 3706 users (41% women, age 45.1 ± 14.5 years) met the inclusion criteria, reaching a mean follow‐up of 131.0 ± 85.1 days, an overall 485 600 days of continuous glucose monitoring data, and a median time spent in closed‐loop of 95.0% (IQR 89.1‐97.4). The median percentage time in range (70‐180 mg/dl) was 72.1% (IQR 65.0‐78.9); the time below 70 mg/dl was 0.9% (0.5‐1.7), the time below 54 mg/dl was 0.1% (0.1‐0.3), and the median Glucose Management Index was 7.0% (6.8‐7.3). Exploratory analysis of a subset of 2460 patients in whom baseline glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was available [7.4% (IQR 6.9‐8.0)] showed that the achieved mean time in range was influenced by baseline HbA1c, ranging from 65.8 ± 9.9% (A1c ≥8.5%) to 81.3 ± 6.8% (A1c <6.5%).ConclusionThis large real‐world analysis confirms the relevance of the DBLG1 automated insulin delivery solution for the achievement of standards of care in adult patients with type 1 diabetes.
Avoiding the Tragedy of the Reputational Commons in Sustainable Design
Authors: Krause Alan , Parkman Ian D. 
Published: February 2023

Saturated with false messages about pseudo‐sustainable design, the danger is that the public largely no longer perceives the value of real, sustainable design.Wondering how to differentiate your sustainable design in a market without clear standards? The Diamond Model of Authentic Sustainable Design provides a framework to do just that.
How to Design Social Innovations for Inclusive Aging
Authors: Erzurumlu Sinan , Gupta Aishani 
Published: February 2023

Human‐centered design enforces user centricity, problem reframing, and experimentation with empathy, integrity, curiosity, and respect for people.Employing principles of design to think about the challenges people face as they age can lead to more intelligent solutions for managing and embracing this living transition.
Clinical efficacy of retreatment of daratumumab‐based therapy (D2) in daratumumab‐refractory multiple myeloma
Authors: Abdallah Al‐Ola , Mahmoudjafari Zahra , Ahmed Nausheen , Cui Wei , Shune Leyla , McGuirk Joseph , Mohan Meera , Mohyuddin Ghulam Rehman , Afrough Aimaz , Alkharabsheh Omar , Atrash Shebli 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDaratumumab demonstrates activity as a single agent and in combination with either immunomodulatory agents (IMiDs) or proteasome inhibitors (PIs) in relapsed refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). However, little is known about the benefit of daratumumab retreatment in daratumumab‐refractory MM. This study aimed to analyze the clinical efficacy of daratumumab‐based retreatment (D2) in patients who are daratumumab refractory MM. Retrospectively, we identified 43 RRMM patients from a single‐center database review. The median age was 65 years, 42% patients had high‐risk cytogenetics, and 23% had an extramedullary disease, while the median time between D2 and prior daratumumab was 1 (0.25–39) month. All D2 patients received combination therapy with either pomalidomide, carfilzomib, bortezomib, or lenalidomide. The response rate, median progression‐free, and overall survival were 49%, 7.97 and 32.6 months, respectively. Our study raises the possibility of re‐utilizing daratumumab in combination with different classes of anti‐myeloma drugs to generate responses in RRMM patients who are daratumumab‐refractory.
Circumstantial and constitutive moral luck in Kant's moral philosophy
Authors: Hartman Robert J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe received view of Kant's moral philosophy is that it precludes all moral luck. But I offer a plausible interpretation according to which Kant embraces moral luck in circumstance and constitution. I interpret the unconditioned nature of transcendental freedom as a person's ability to do the right thing no matter how she is inclined by her circumstantial and constitutive luck. I argue that various passages about degrees of difficulty relating to circumstantial and constitutive luck provide a reason to accept a pro‐moral luck interpretation of Kant.
Complement activation profiles in anti‐acetylcholine receptor positive myasthenia gravis
Authors: Stascheit Frauke , Chuquisana Omar , Keller Christian W. , Ambrose Philip Alexander , Hoffmann Sarah , Gross Catharina C. , Lehnerer Sophie , Wiendl Heinz , Willcox Nick , Meisel Andreas , Lünemann Jan D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeComplement component 5 (C5) targeting therapies are clinically beneficial in patients with acetylcholine receptor antibody+ (AChR‐Ab+) generalized myasthenia gravis (MG). That clearly implicates antibody‐mediated complement activation in MG pathogenesis. Here, classical and alternative complement pathways were profiled in patients from different MG subgroups.MethodsIn a case–control study, concentrations of C3a, C5a and sC5b9 were simultaneously quantified, indicating general activation of the complement system, whether via the classical and lectin pathways (C4a) or the alternative pathway (factors Ba and Bb) in MG patients with AChR or muscle‐specific kinase antibodies (MuSK‐Abs) or seronegative MG compared to healthy donors.ResultsTreatment‐naïve patients with AChR‐Ab+ MG showed substantially increased plasma levels of cleaved complement components, indicating activation of the classical and alternative as well as the terminal complement pathways. These increases were still present in a validation cohort of AChR‐Ab+ patients under standard immunosuppressive therapies; notably, they were not evident in patients with MuSK‐Abs or seronegative MG. Neither clinical severity parameters (at the time of sampling or 1 year later) nor anti‐AChR titres correlated significantly with activated complement levels.ConclusionsMarkers indicative of complement activation are prominently increased in patients with AChR‐Ab MG despite standard immunosuppressive therapies. Complement inhibition proximal to C5 cleavage should be explored for its potential therapeutic benefits in AChR‐Ab+ MG.