bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MiR‐452‐5p facilitates retinoblastoma cell growth and invasion via the SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3 pathway
Authors: Wu Laiwei , Huang Guoqiang , Hong Huifeng , Xu Xiangzhou , Lu Xiaohe , Li Jing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRetinoblastoma (RB) is an intraocular tumor in children. Accumulated evidence confirms that microRNAs (miRNAs) exert critical functions in RB. This research aimed to investigate the miR‐452‐5p function in RB. MiR‐452‐5p expressions in RB were tested with quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). MiR‐452‐5p functions in RB were evaluated via Cell Counting Kit‐8, 5‐Ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine assay, flow cytometry, Western blot, and Transwell. MiR‐452‐5p mechanism in RB was assessed using bioinformatics software Starbase and dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay. Meanwhile, miR‐452‐5p function in RB in vivo was examined by constructing tumor xenografts in nude mice, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot assays. MiR‐452‐5p was overexpressed in RB tissues and cells, and miR‐452‐5p expression was positively correlated with RB clinicopathology including the Largest tumor base (mm) and Differentiation. Functionally, miR‐452‐5p knockdown restrained RB cell proliferation, invasion, epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and facilitated cell apoptosis. Mechanistically, suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS3) knockdown restored the inhibitory effects of miR‐452‐5p knockdown on RB cells. Meanwhile, in vivo studies further corroborated that miR‐452‐5p knockdown reduced RB tumor growth, EMT, and accelerated apoptosis in vivo. Also, miR‐452‐5p knockdown increased SOCS3 protein levels, and decreased phosphorylated Janus kinase 2/Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in vivo. MiR‐452‐5p accelerated RB cell growth and invasion by SOCS3/JAK2/STAT3.
Biological activity of recombinant human PDX1 protein produced from Escherichia coli
Authors: Narayan Gloria , Sen Plaboni , Nagotu Shirisha , Thummer Rajkumar P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPancreatic and duodenum homeobox 1 (PDX1) is considered as a pivotal transcription factor that acts as a “master regulator” in pancreatogenesis and maintenance of β‐cells. Earlier study has reported that PDX1 also functions as a tumor suppressor in human gastric cancer cells by inhibiting cell growth. Here, we report the bioactivity of the purified human PDX1 fusion protein using various assays like cell migration, proliferation, cell cycle analysis, and gene expression. In cancer cells, recombinant PDX1 protein reduced cell migration and proliferation, and arrested cell growth by inducing apoptosis in gastric cancer cells. In pancreatic ductal cancer cells, the application of the PDX1 protein resulted in the induction of insulin gene expression. The results of these experiments demonstrate the biological activity imparted by recombinant human PDX1 fusion protein on gastric and pancreatic cancer cells and its usefulness as a biological tool to elucidate its function in various cellular processes.
Advanced glycation end products induce nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis by upregulating TXNIP via inhibiting glycolysis pathway in intervertebral disc degeneration
Authors: Chen Fei , Sheng Xiaoping , Sun Haobo , Guo Qunfeng , Wang Haibin , Wu Lecheng , Ni Bin , Yang Jun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAccumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) causes apoptosis in human nucleus pulposus cells (NPCs), contributing to intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). The purpose of this study was to determine the roles of thioredoxin‐interacting protein (TXNIP) in the mechanisms underlying AGE‐induced apoptosis of NPCs. TXNIP was silenced or overexpressed in HNPCs exposed to AGEs. Glycolysis was assessed using extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), ATP level, GLUT1, and GLUT4 measurements. AGEs, TXNIP, GLUT1, and GLUT4 levels in IVDD patients were measured as well. In NPCs, AGEs reduced cell viability, induced apoptosis, inhibited glycolysis, and increased TXNIP expression. Silencing TXNIP compromised the effects of AGEs on cell viability, apoptosis, and glycolysis in NPCs. Furthermore, TXNIP overexpression resulted in decreased cell viability, increased apoptotic cells, and glycolysis suppression. Furthermore, co‐treatment with a glycolysis inhibitor improved TXNIP silencing's suppressive effects on AGE‐induced cell injury in NPCs. In IVDD patients with Pfirrmann Grades II–V, increasing trends in AGEs and TXNIP were observed, while decreasing trends in GLUT1 and GLUT4. AGE levels had positive correlations with TXNIP levels. Both AGE and TXNIP levels correlated negatively with GLUT1 and GLUT4. Our study indicates that TXNIP plays a role in mediating AGE‐induced cell injury through suppressing glycolysis. The accumulation of AGEs, the upregulation of TXNIP, and the downregulation of GLUT1 and GLUT4 are all linked to the progression of IVDD.
Impact of butylparaben on β‐cell damage and insulin/PEPCK expression in zebrafish larvae: Protective effects of morin
Authors: Singh Mahima , Guru Ajay , Pachaiappan Raman , Almutairi Bader O. , Arokiyaraj Selvaraj , Gopi Muthukaruppan , Arockiaraj Jesu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractButylparaben (BP), a common chemical preservative in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products, has been known to induce oxidative stress and disrupt endocrine function in humans. In contrast, morin, a flavonoid derived from the Moraceae family, exhibits diverse pharmacological properties, including anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant. Despite this, the protective role of morin against oxidative stress‐induced damage in pancreatic islets remains unclear. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate the potential protective mechanism of morin against oxidative stress‐induced damage caused by BP in zebrafish larvae. To achieve this, we exposed the zebrafish larvae to butylparaben (2.5 mg/L) for 5 days, leading to increased oxidative stress and apoptosis in β‐cells. However, our compelling findings revealed that pretreatment with various concentrations of morin effectively reduced mortality and mitigated apoptosis and lipid peroxidation in β‐cells induced by BP exposure. In addition, zebrafish larvae exposed to BP for 5 days exhibited evident β‐cell damage. However, the pretreatment with morin showed promising effects by promoting β‐cell proliferation and lowering glucose levels. Furthermore, gene expression studies indicated that morin pretreatment normalized PEPCK expression while increasing insulin expression in BP‐exposed larvae. In conclusion, our findings highlight the potential of morin as a protective agent against BP‐induced β‐cell damage in zebrafish larvae. The observed improvements in oxidative stress, apoptosis, and gene expression patterns support the notion that morin could be further explored as a therapeutic candidate to counteract the detrimental effects of BP exposure on pancreatic β‐cells.
Evaluation of anti‐wetting nano‐fumed silica/PVDF hollow‐fiber membrane by central composite design optimization towards efficient desalination performance via membrane distillation
Authors: Alsebaeai Mohammed Karama , Ahmad Abdul Latif , Ooi Boon Seng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDMembrane distillation (MD) is considered a viable technology to overcome the issue of water scarcity by desalination of seawater. However, the application of MD has been severely restricted by membrane‐wetting phenomena. This study aims to optimize the desired mixed‐matrix hollow‐fiber (HF) membrane conditions that have anti‐wetting characteristics for efficient desalination. Response surface methodology based on central composite design was used to predict and optimize the permeate flux and salt rejection (SR). The combined effects of polymer (polyvinylidene fluoride, PVDF) concentration, nano‐fumed silica (NFS) particle loading, coagulation bath temperature (CBT) and air gap distance (AG), as well as their interactions in terms of desalination performance, have been investigated.RESULTSThe linear factors (NFS, CBT), the quadratic effects of all variables, as well as the interacting terms between (PVDF, NFS), (PVDF, CBT) and (NFS, CBT) had significant effects for both pure water and permeate fluxes. For SR, only PVDF presented a linear effect, while a quadratic effect was obtained in (NFS, AG) and an interaction effect was obtained between PVDF and NFS. Under optimal conditions of PVDF (15.03 wt%), NFS (1.21 wt%), CBT (54.85 °C) and AG (9.9 cm), the optimal mixed‐matrix HF membrane demonstrated higher experimental average values for pure water and permeate fluxes, which reached up to 11.95 and 11.61 kg m−2 h−1 respectively, and an SR of 99.96% as compared to the pristine membrane.CONCLUSIONOur research provides an efficient anti‐wetting NFS/PVDF mixed‐matrix HF membrane, indicating that the optimal membrane possesses high potential for the direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry (SCI).
Young adults' reasoning for involving a parent in a genomic decision‐making research study
Authors: Pascal Julia M. , McGowan Michelle L. , Blumling Amy A. , Prows Cynthia A. , Lipstein Ellen A. , Myers Melanie F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractYoung adults have increasing genomic testing opportunities; however, little is known about how equipped they feel about making decisions to learn personal genomic information. We conducted qualitative interviews with 19 young adults, ages 18–21 years old, enrolled in a research study where they made decisions about learning personal genomic risk for developing preventable, treatable, and adult‐onset conditions and carrier status for autosomal recessive conditions. Participants had the option to include a parent in their study visit and the decision‐making process. The goal of this project was to explore young adults' reasons for involving or not involving a parent in the study and to assess young adults' perspectives about parental roles in their healthcare. Nine participants included a parent in the study and ten did not include a parent. Eleven participants received genomic test results before the interview, while eight participants had not yet received their results at the time of the interview. The study team developed a coding guide and coded interview transcripts inductively and deductively using an interpretive descriptive‐analytic approach. Logistical issues dominated solo participants' reasons for not involving a parent in the study, whereas those who involved a parent often cited a close relationship with the parent and the parent's previous involvement in the participant's healthcare as reasons for involving them. Both groups of participants described gradually transitioning to independent healthcare decision‐making with age and felt their comfort in medical decision‐making depends on the severity of and their familiarity with the situation. Participants recommended that future genomic researchers or clinicians give young adults the option to involve a parent or friend as a support person in research or clinical visits. Although young adults may have different journeys toward independent healthcare decision‐making, some may benefit from continued parental or peer involvement after reaching the age of legal adulthood.
Australian healthcare professionals' perspectives on genetic counseling and genetic diagnosis in vascular anomalies
Authors: Garza Denisse , Hildebrand Michael S. , Penington Anthony J. , Brown Natasha , de Silva Michelle G. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGenomic technologies are now utilized for the genetic diagnosis of vascular anomalies. This provides the opportunity for genetic counselors to make a significant contribution to patient care for this complex disease. The aim of this study was to explore Australian healthcare professionals' perspectives on the relatively recent integration of molecular diagnostic testing for vascular anomalies, with or without genetic counseling support. Nine semi‐structured interviews were conducted with Australian healthcare professionals involved in the provision of care for individuals with vascular anomalies. Thematic analysis identified six themes: (1) Molecular diagnosis is beneficial; (2) psychosocial needs can motivate families to pursue a molecular diagnosis; (3) molecular genetic testing for vascular anomalies is complex; (4) genetic service provision is not a one size fits all; (5) a client‐centered approach for genetic service provision can go a long way; and (6) the value of genetic counselors. Based on our findings, implementation of a vascular anomalies genetic diagnostic program inclusive of genetic counseling may be challenging, yet such programs are likely to benefit both patients and their families, as well as healthcare professionals. As this paradigm shift unfolds, genetic counselors have an opportunity to contribute to the vascular anomaly field by educating healthcare professionals and patients, by participating in multidisciplinary clinics to support complex cases and by raising awareness regarding their practice and potential contributions.
Dynamic and thermodynamic drivers of rainfall trends at the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina
Authors: Saurral Ramiro I. , Piscitelli Franco M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSoutheastern South America (SESA) experienced some of the largest positive trends in total and extreme precipitation of the Southern Hemisphere during the last decades. The City of Buenos Aires, the second largest mega‐city of SESA, has been particularly hard‐hit by these trends due to its flat topography and poor natural drainage. Recent studies suggest that these precipitation extremes may exacerbate even further under global warming, but the physical mechanisms responsible for such events have not been documented for this region so far. This study quantifies the relative contributions of dynamics (atmospheric fronts) and thermodynamics (vertical stability) on the observed variations and trends of daily, seasonal and annual precipitation over the City of Buenos Aires between 1981 and 2020 by splitting the precipitation events into convective and stratiform. Results show that the relative contributions from dynamics and thermodynamics depend on the season under consideration: the positive trends in summer precipitation have been favoured by a net increase in vertical instability with a negligible contribution from dynamics, while the increased frequency of fronts in autumn and winter, when no changes in vertical instability have been observed, has contributed to the higher frequency of cold‐season convective events.
Divergent Motor Learning Programs Improve Motor and Figural Creativity in University Sports Students
Authors: Büning Christian , Lausberg Hedda 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACTBased on studies reporting a link between creative thinking and motor creativity, we investigate whether training motor creativity also positively influences creative thinking. In a longitudinal study design spanning two‐and‐a‐half years, we analyzed the relationships between the development of motor and figural creativity based on two distinct programs: a convergent‐oriented sport study program (COSP) and a divergent‐oriented study program (DOSP). Thirty‐three COSP and 31 DOSP students participated in a comprehensive creativity assessment at the beginning and end of their sport studies. A modified version of the BAST® movement analysis was developed to assess motor creativity. Figural creativity was tested via the TTCT. Although both groups were matched for motor and figural creativity, by the end of their sport studies, the DOSP students outperformed the COSP students in all analyzed motor creativity measures (fluency, elaboration, originality). Furthermore, DOSP students also developed significantly in aspects of figural creativity compared to COSP students. Nonlinear structure and teaching methods in the divergent‐oriented learning environment significantly enhance creativity in sports students by broadening not only their movement repertoire but also transferring these new bodily experiences into the figural domain. These findings support the concept of an underlying supramodal base for motor and figural creativity.
Surgical Management of Airway Stenosis During Pregnancy: A Scoping Review
Authors: Miller Katherine M. , Liang Kevin Y. , Nero Neil , Benninger Michael S. , Nelson Rebecca C. , Tierney William S. , Lorenz Robert R. , Bryson Paul C. 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveThere are several options for surgical management of subglottic stenosis, including endoscopic and open procedures. However, treatment algorithms, outcomes, and anesthetic management of subglottic stenosis during pregnancy are not well described.Data SourcesMEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane databases.Review MethodsA scoping review of management of subglottic stenosis during pregnancy was performed, and then reported in compliance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses guidelines. Inclusion criteria consisted of those with subglottic or tracheal stenosis aged greater than 18 years, those in whom management was performed during pregnancy, and those who reported delivery related outcomes.ResultsAfter systematic review and detailed search of 330 identified articles, 15 articles met inclusion criteria and were included in the final analysis. All studies were case reports or case series (level 4 evidence). This study identified 27 patients. The median age was 29 and the median gestational age at intervention was 28 weeks. Left lateral positioning and fetal heart rate monitoring were used in nearly every case. The most common intervention performed was endoscopic balloon dilation. In many cases, jet ventilation or transnasal humidified rapid insufflation ventilatory exchange was satisfactory for maintenance of the airway. Three women ultimately required tracheostomy prior to labor and delivery. There was no fetal death or complications reported in these studies, and all but one woman proceeded to deliver at term.ConclusionEndoscopic balloon dilation during pregnancy is safe and effective, resulting in optimized respiratory outcomes for the mother and safe delivery of the fetus. The third trimester appears to be safe for airway intervention. Laryngoscope, 134:1014–1022, 2024
Evolutionary characteristics of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi inEucalyptussoil and driving changes in biologically‐based phosphorus acrossEucalyptusplantations
Authors: Liu Shengyuan , Shi Yutian , Wang Huaxiang , Wang Ye , Liang Xueyu , Liu Sen , Yang Gaoming , Ke Qin , Wu Lichao , He Chun , Chen Lijun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) symbiosis plays essential roles in shaping rhizosphere soil available phosphorus (P) and organic P mobilization. However, current methods for assessing soil P often do not fully consider the potential role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in supplying biologically‐based phosphorus (BBP) toEucalyptus. This study aims to investigate the effects of AMF on the soil BBP ofEucalyptusplantations and which species prefer to translocate them in phosphorus‐deficient soils. Rhizosphere soil samples ofEucalyptusplantations (in south China) exhibiting different ages (varying between 1 to 12 years) were selected to investigate the evolution of AMF and BBP in soils, as well as their interaction mechanism. The impacts of eight AMF families on BBP were investigated in rhizosphere soil. All BBP contents are significantly positively correlated with Olsen P in the rhizosphere soil ofEucalyptusplantations (p < 0.01). The BBP in soil was notably influenced by AMF diversity, while AMF richness showed little effect on BBP. The abundance of Glomeraceae taxa showed a positive correlation with BBP and a negative correlation with Paraglomeraceae. In contrast, the relative abundance of Glomeraceae was higher in older plantations (including Archaeosporaceae, Claroideoglomeraceae). From the above results, we concluded that different species of the AMF modulated their mycorrhizal traits by improving BBP uptake in the rhizosphere soil. AMF groups (such as Glomeraceae, Archaeosporaceae, Claroideoglomeraceae) should be introduced or amplified at the beginning of planting to promote the uptake and utilization of bioavailable P inEucalyptusplantations. This study will deepen our understanding of AMF for effective BBP utilization inEucalyptusplantations.
Which computable biomedical knowledge objects will be regulated? Results of a UK workshop discussing the regulation of knowledge libraries and software as a medical device
Authors: Wyatt Jeremy C. , Scott Philip , Ordish Johan , South Matthew , Thomas Mark , Jones Caroline , Lacey‐Bryant Sue ,   workshop participants
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionTo understand when knowledge objects in a computable biomedical knowledge library are likely to be subject to regulation as a medical device in the United Kingdom.MethodsA briefing paper was circulated to a multi‐disciplinary group of 25 including regulators, lawyers and others with insights into device regulation. A 1‐day workshop was convened to discuss questions relating to our aim. A discussion paper was drafted by lead authors and circulated to other authors for their comments and contributions.ResultsThis article reports on those deliberations and describes how UK device regulators are likely to treat the different kinds of knowledge objects that may be stored in computable biomedical knowledge libraries. While our focus is the likely approach of UK regulators, our analogies and analysis will also be relevant to the approaches taken by regulators elsewhere. We include a table examining the implications for each of the four knowledge levels described by Boxwala in 2011 and propose an additional level.ConclusionsIf a knowledge object is described as directly executable for a medical purpose to provide decision support, it will generally be in scope of UK regulation as “software as a medical device.” However, if the knowledge object consists of an algorithm, a ruleset, pseudocode or some other representation that is not directly executable and whose developers make no claim that it can be used for a medical purpose, it is not likely to be subject to regulation. We expect similar reasoning to be applied by regulators in other countries.
Needleless laser injector versus needle injection for skin enhancement and rejuvenation effect of dermal filler
Authors: Han Hye Sung , Kim Bo Ri , Kim Minjae , Na Jung‐Im , Seo Suk Bae , Huh Chang‐Hun , Shin Jung‐Won 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesA needleless laser‐induced microjet injector is a novel transdermal drug delivery system that can rapidly inject a very small and precise drug dose into the skin with minimal pain and downtime. In this study, we aimed to compare the laser‐induced microjet injection versus needle injection of polylactic acid/hyaluronic acid filler for skin enhancement and rejuvenation.Patients and MethodsA 24‐week prospective, single‐center, assessor‐blinded, randomized, split‐face study was conducted. The enrolled patients underwent one treatment session of dermal filler injection using a laser‐induced microjet injector on one half of the face or a traditional needle injection on the other half of the face. Evaluation was conducted at baseline before treatment and at 4, 12, and 24 weeks after treatment.ResultsA single treatment of filler injection with a laser‐induced microjet injector resulted in similar improvements in skin hydration and elasticity as a single treatment of filler injection by using manual needle injection, with reduced pain, side effects, and decreased treatment time.ConclusionsLaser‐induced microjet injector enabled not only the application of a controlled dose and filler depth but also even distribution, improved clinical efficacy, reduced pain and side effects, and sufficient time for clinicians to perform treatment.