bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Eco-Friendly UV-Spectrophotometric Methods Employing Magnetic Nano-Composite Polymer for the Extraction and Analysis of Sexual Boosters in Adulterated Food Products: Application of Computer-Aided Design
Authors: Abdelshakour Mohamed A , Attala Khaled , Elsonbaty Ahmed , Abdel Salam Randa A , Hadad Ghada M , Mostafa Aziza E , Eissa Maya S 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Solid phase extraction (SPE) techniques, based on computationally designed magnetic-based multi-targeting molecular imprinted polymer (MT-MIP), combined with UV spectrophotometric approaches provide advantages in the examination of counterfeit samples.

Objective
The current work describes an innovative and sustainable methodology for the simultaneous determination of tadalafil (TAD) and dapoxetine hydrochloride (DAP) in aphrodisiac counterfeit products (honey and instant coffee) utilizing SPE exploiting MT-MIP. Additionally, an innovative UV spectrophotometric method capable of resolving TAD in its pharmaceutical binary mixtures with DAP was developed. A novel computational approach was implemented to tailor the synthesis and design of the MT-MIP particles.

Methods
We applied a newly developed UV spectrophotometric method which was based on a Fourier self-deconvolution (FSD) method coupled with the isoabsorptive point for determination of TAD and DAP in pharmaceutical dosage form. We also applied an SPE process based on MT-MIP designed particles, assisting in the analysis of both drugs in counterfeit food samples. The SPE process and the UV spectroscopic methodology were assessed regarding their greenness using the pioneering green analytical procedure index (GAPI), analytical greeness including sample preparation (AGREEprep) and AGREE tools. The synthesized MT-MIP particles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy.

Results
The suggested spectrophotometric methods revealed a wide linear concentration range of 2–50 µg/mL with lower LODs in the range of 0.604–0.994 µg/mL. Additionally, the suggested method demonstrated the utmost sensitivity and eco-friendliness for their target in its mixed dosage form and counterfeit food products.

Conclusion
The SPE process and the developed analytical UV spectroscopic methodology were validated as per the ICH guidelines, and were found to be suitable for overseeing some counterfeiting activities in commercially available honey and instant coffee aphrodisiac products.

Highlights
An SPE method based on MT-MIP magnetic-based polymer and a UV spectroscopic method were successfully developed for analysis of TAD and DAP in different matrices.
Terms and conditions apply: an ethical analysis of mobile health user agreements in research
Authors: Gelinas Luke , Morrell Walker , Bierer Barbara E 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Mobile health (mHealth) technologies raise unique risks to user privacy and confidentiality that are often embedded in lengthy and complex Privacy Policies, Terms of Use, and End User License Agreements. We seek to improve the ethical review of these documents (‘user agreements’) and their risks in research using mHealth technologies by providing a framework for identifying when these risks are research risks, categorizing the key information in these agreements under relevant ethical and regulatory categories, and proposing strategies to mitigate them. MHealth user agreements typically describe the nature of the data collected by mHealth technologies, why or for what purposes user data are collected and shared, who will have access to the different types of data collected, and may include exculpatory language. The risks raised by data collection and sharing typically increase with the sensitivity and identifiability of the data and vary by whether data are shared with researchers, the technology developer, and/or third-party entities. The most important risk mitigation strategy is disclosure of the key information found in user agreements to participants during the research consent process. In addition, researchers should prioritize mHealth technologies with favorable risk–benefit balances.
Out of the Shadows: Ukraine and the Shock of Non-Hybrid War
Authors: Porter Patrick 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
For two decades, a large body of security practitioners and scholars axiomatically expected “future war” to be ambiguous and hybrid, based on recent cases. The scale and overt form of the Russia–Ukraine war, which begun on February 22, 2022, demonstrates the limits of this orthodoxy. This article asks why informed opinion fell prey to such false expectations. It argues that as well as the pathologies of fashion in military-academic circles, there was an intellectual failure. Those who confidently expected war to remain in the shadows did not take seriously enough war’s political nature, and the possibility that it will intensify as political stakes rise. Either they assumed apolitically that war’s form was determined by the tools of globalization, or that the politics would be of the status quo, whereby the stability of the unipolar era would endure. Paying lip service to Carl von Clausewitz, in fact, they were unwittingly channeling Francis Fukuyama. To demonstrate this failure, I examine three representative texts of the genre and unpack their assumptions, by David Richards, Antoine Bousquet, and Sean McFate.
Plant growth and microbial responses from urban agriculture soils amended with excavated local sediments and municipal composts
Authors: Garcia J , Bray N , Son Y , Butler-Jones A , Egendorf S P , Kao-Kniffin J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
With increasing urbanization and critical issues of food insecurity emerging globally, urban agriculture is expanding as an agroecosystem with a distinct soil type. Growing food in cities is challenged by legacy contaminants in soils, which necessitates the use of imported, safe soils and composts. To promote the long-term sustainability of urban agriculture, we examined the agronomic potential of constructing safe, locally sourced soils to support food production. We collected composts from four municipal composting facilities in New York City: Big Reuse, Long Island City, Queens (BRL), New York Department of Sanitation, Fresh Kills, Staten Island (DNY), Lower Eastside Ecology Center (LES) and Queens Botanic Garden (QBG). We then created two types of constructed soils using each compost: 100% pure compost and a 50:50 blend of compost and clean excavated sediments from the New York City Clean Soil Bank. We then assessed the growth of tomato, pepper and kale in the constructed soils within a plant growth chamber facility. We found Clean Soil Bank sediments enhanced tomato aboveground biomass production by 98%, kale aboveground biomass production by 50% and pepper plant height by 52% when mixed with compost from BRL. At the same time, Clean Soil Bank Sediments decreased tomato plant height by 16% and aboveground biomass production by 29% in LES compost and tomato plant height by 18% in QBG compost, likely due to compost properties. The addition of Clean Soil Bank sediments showed no decline in the symbiosis of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi across all composts, which is an important beneficial plant–microbe interaction in agroecosystems. A positive ecosystem service was found when Clean Soil Bank sediments were added to municipal composts, with up to a 74% decrease in greenhouse gas emissions of soil CO2 in BRL compost. The results indicate that urban agricultural soils can be constructed using clean, locally sourced materials, such as composted organic waste and excavated sediments from city development sites to support sustainable urban agriculture while enhancing ecosystem services.
Post-COVID-19 rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis—A clinico-mycological study from North India
Authors: Taneja Juhi , Chatterjee Kuhu , Sasidharan Jaseetha , Abbas Syed Zafar , Rai Anil Kumar , Raychaudhury Sujata , Das Bhabatosh , Das Asim 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The second wave of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), during the early 2021, lead to a devastating outbreak of mucormycosis in India. This study aimed to determine the aetiology, clinical features, comorbidities, and risk factors of rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) and antifungal susceptibility pattern for the isolates. The study included all suspected cases of ROCM in post-COVID-19 patients attending the hospital from May to December 2021. A total of 70 patients were diagnosed with mucormycosis during the study period. The commonest presentations were rhino-orbital and rhino-orbito-cerebral in 35.7% of cases each. Diabetes mellitus was the commonest associated risk factor in 95.7% of all patients, while 78.5% of the patients were treated with corticosteroids in the recent past, and 25.7% presented with active COVID-19 pneumonia. The commonest isolate was Rhizopus arrhizus n = 14, followed by Aspergillus flavus n = 16, A. fumigatus n = 4, A. niger n = 3, Fusarium oxysporumn = 1, and Apophysomyces variabilisn = 1. Fungal species identification was done by phenotypic methods for all the isolates and DNA sequence analysis of 18 isolates, and antifungal susceptibility testing of 30 isolates was performed by commercially prepared HiMIC plate (HiMedia, Mumbai, India) using broth microdilution for amphotericin B, isavuconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole. The MIC50 and MIC90 of amphotericin B for R. arrhizus strains were 0.25 and 4 μg/ml, respectively; and the MIC50 and MIC90 results for itraconazole, posaconazole, and isavuconazole were 8 and 8, 2 and 2, and 2 and 8 μg/ml, respectively. In vitro data showed that amphotericin B was the most effective antifungal against most species. The commercially available ready-to-use minimum inhibitory concentration plates are user-friendly for performing antifungal susceptibility, which may be useful in choosing appropriate regimens and monitoring emerging resistance.
Yeasts from blood cultures in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic in a tertiary care hospital: Shift in species epidemiology, steady low antifungal resistance and full in vitro ibrexafungerp activity
Authors: Díaz-García Judith , Mesquida Aina , Machado Marina , Sánchez-Carrillo Carlos , Muñoz Patricia , Escribano Pilar , Guinea Jesús 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Several institutions reported a rise not only in fungemia incidence but also in the number of cases caused by Candida auris or fluconazole-resistant C. parapsilosis during the COVID-19 pandemic. Since the pandemic broke out in early 2020, we studied its impact on fungemia incidence, species epidemiology, potential patient-to-patient transmission, and antifungal resistance in 166 incident yeast isolates collected from January 2020 to December 2022. Isolates were molecularly identified, and their antifungal susceptibilities to amphotericin B, azoles, micafungin, anidulafungin, and ibrexafungerp were studied following the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) method, and genotyped. The fungemia incidence (episodes per 1000 admissions) tended to decrease over time (2020 = 1.60, 2021 = 1.36, 2022 = 1.16); P &gt; .05). Species distribution was C. albicans (50.6%, n = 84), C. parapsilosis (18.7%, n = 31), C. glabrata (12.0%, n = 20), C. tropicalis (11.4%, n = 19), C. krusei (3.0%, n = 5), other Candida spp. (1.2%, n = 2), and non-Candida yeasts (3.0%, n = 5). The highest and lowest proportions of C. albicans and C. parapsilosis were detected in 2020. The proportion of isolates between 2020 and 2022 decreased in C. albicans (60.3% vs. 36.7%) and increased in C. parapsilosis (10.3% vs. 28.6%; P &lt; .05) and C. tropicalis (8.8% vs. 16.3%; P &gt; .05). Only three C. albicans intra-ward clusters involving two patients each were detected, and the percentages of patients involved in intra-ward clusters reached 9.8% and 8.0% in 2020 and 2021, respectively, suggesting that clonal spreading was not uncontrolled. Fluconazole resistance (5%) exhibited a decreasing trend (P &gt; .05) over time (2020 = 7.6%; 2021 = 4.2%; and 2022 = 2.1%). Ibrexafungerp showed high in vitro activity.
N2/CO ratio in comets insensitive to orbital evolution
Authors: Anderson S E , Rousselot P , Noyelles B , Jehin E , Mousis O 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Comets are seen as depleted in nitrogen compared to the protosolar value, but a small number exhibit significantly higher than typical N2/CO ratios: C/1908 R1 (Morehouse), C/1940 R2 (Cunningham), C/1947 S1 (Bester), C/1956 R1 (Arend–Roland), C/1957 P1 (Mrkos), C/1961 R1 (Humason), C/1969 Y1 (Bennett), C/1973 E1 (Kohoutek), C/1975 V1-A (West), C/1986 P1 (Wilson), C/1987 P1 (Bradfield), C/2001 Q4 (NEAT), C/2002 VQ94 (LINEAR), C/2016 R2 (PanSTARRS), and periodic comets 1P/Halley, 29P/Schwassmann–Wachmann 1, and 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko. This study examines the composition and dynamical histories of these N2-‘rich’ comets to unearth insights into their formation processes. Using updated N2 fluorescence factors, we re-estimate the N2/CO ratios of this sample and find that they are consistent with the expected values for comets based on estimations of the protosolar nebula. These also often display larger nucleus sizes and show rapid tail morphology variations due to their ionic nature. Numerical simulations reveal no common dynamical history, suggesting that the N2/CO ratio is independent of the number of inner Solar System passages and that N2 is homogeneously distributed within these comets. These volatile-rich comets share an Oort Cloud origin which is consistent with their survival over the past 4.5 Gyr. Our study also suggests that there may be a bias using modern high-resolution spectrometers with narrow slits, which could potentially overlook the ion tail of comets. We advocate for the use of long-slit spectroscopy to potentially detect a wider range of N2-rich comets, thereby enriching our understanding of comet compositions and origins.
Polarization fraction of Planck Galactic cold clumps and forecasts for the Simons Observatory
Authors: Clancy J , Puglisi G , Clark S E , Coppi G , Fabbian G , Hervías-Caimapo C , Hill J C , Nati F , Reichardt C L 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We measure the mean-squared polarization fraction of a sample of 6282 Galactic cold clumps at 353 GHz, consisting of Planck Galactic cold clump (PGCC) catalogue category 1 objects [flux densities measured with signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) &gt; 4]. At 353 GHz, we find the mean-squared polarization fraction, which we define as the mean-squared polarization divided by the mean-squared intensity, to be (4.79 ± 0.44) × 10−4 equation to an $11\, \sigma$ detection of polarization. We test if the polarization fraction depends on the clumps’ physical properties, including flux density, luminosity, Galactic latitude, and physical distance. We see a trend towards increasing polarization fraction with increasing Galactic latitude, but find no evidence that polarization depends on the other tested properties. The Simons Observatory, with angular resolution of order 1 arcmin and noise levels between 22 and $54\, \mu$K−arcmin at high frequencies, will substantially enhance our ability to determine the magnetic field structure in Galactic cold clumps. At $\ge 5\, \sigma$ significance, we predict the Simons Observatory will detect at least ∼12 000 cold clumps in intensity and ∼430 cold clumps in polarization. This number of polarization detections would represent a two orders of magnitude increase over the current Planck results. We also release software that can be used to mask these Galactic cold clumps in other analyses.
Full spectroscopic model and trihybrid experimental-perturbative-variational line list for ZrO
Authors: Perri Armando N , Taher Fadia , McKemmish Laura K 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Zirconium monoxide (ZrO) absorption lines define rare S-type stars and are currently being sought on exoplanets. Successful detection is dependent on an accurate and comprehensive line list, with existing data not ideal for many applications. Specifically, the Plez et al. line list is near-complete but has insufficient accuracy for high-resolution cross-correlation, while the Sorensen & Bernath data have high accuracy but only consider a small number of spectral bands. This article presents a novel spectroscopic model, variational line list, and trihybrid line list for the main 90Zr16O isotopologue, as well as isotopologue-extrapolated hybrid line lists for the 91Zr16O, 92Zr16O, 93Zr16O, 94Zr16O, and 96Zr16O isotopologues. These were constructed using Duo based on icMRCI-SD/CASSCF ab initio electronic data calculated using molpro, experimental energies obtained from a previous MARVEL data compilation, and perturbative energies from Sorensen & Bernath. The new 90Zr16O ExoMol-style trihybrid line list, ZorrO, comprises 227 118 energies (13 075 experimental) and 47  662 773 transitions up to 30 000 cm −1 (333 nm) between 10 low-lying electronic states (X 1Σ+, a 3Δ, A 1Δ, b 3Π, B 1Π, C 1Σ+, d 3Φ, e 3Π, f 3Δ, and F 1Δ). The inclusion of experimental energy levels in ZorrO means ZrO will be much easier to detect using high-resolution ground-based telescopes in the 12 500–17 500 cm−1 (571–800 nm) spectral region. The inclusion of variational energy levels means that the ZorrO line list has very high completeness and can accurately model molecular absorption cross-sections even at high temperatures. The ZorrO data will hopefully facilitate the first detection of ZrO in the atmosphere of a hot Jupiter exoplanet, or alternatively more conclusively exclude its presence.
Not hydro: using neural networks to estimate galaxy properties on a dark-matter-only simulation
Authors: Hernández Cristian A , González Roberto E , Padilla Nelson D 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Using data from TNG300-2, we train a neural network (NN) to recreate the stellar mass (M*) and star formation rate (SFR) of central Galaxies in a dark-matter-only simulation. We conider 12 input properties from the halo and sub-halo hosting the galaxy and the near environment. M* predictions are robust, but the machine does not fully reproduce its scatter. The same happens for SFR, but the predictions are not as good as for M*. We chained NNs, improving the predictions on SFR to some extent. For SFR, we time-averaged this value between z = 0 and z = 0.1, which improved results for z = 0. Predictions of both variables have trouble reproducing values at lower and higher ends. We also study the impact of each input variable in the performance of the predictions using a leave-one-covariate-out approach, which led to insights about the physical and statistical relation between input variables. In terms of metrics, our machine outperforms similar studies, but the main discoveries in this work are not linked with the quality of the predictions themselves, but to how the predictions relate to the input variables. We find that previously studied relations between physical variables are meaningful to the machine. We also find that some merger tree properties strongly impact the performance of the machine. We conclude that machine learning models are useful tools to understand the significance of physical different properties and their impact on target characteristics, as well as strong candidates for potential simulation methods.
Star formation efficiency and AGN feedback in narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies with fast X-ray nuclear winds
Authors: Salomé Q , Krongold Y , Longinotti A L , Bischetti M , García-Burillo S , Vega O , Sánchez-Portal M , Feruglio C , Jiménez-Donaire M J , Zanchettin M V 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the first systematic study of the molecular gas and star formation efficiency in a sample of ten narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies selected to have X-ray Ultra Fast Outflows and, therefore, to potentially show AGN feedback effects. CO observations were obtained with the IRAM 30-m telescope in six galaxies and from the literature for four galaxies. We derived the stellar mass, star formation rate, AGN, and FIR dust luminosities by fitting the multi-band spectral energy distributions with the CIGALE code. Most of the galaxies in our sample lie above the main sequence (MS), and the molecular depletion time is one to two orders of magnitude shorter than the one typically measured in local star-forming galaxies. Moreover, we found a promising correlation between the star formation efficiency and the Eddington ratio, as well as a tentative correlation with the AGN luminosity. The role played by the AGN activity in the regulation of star formation within the host galaxies of our sample remains uncertain (little or no effect? positive feedback?). Nevertheless, we can conclude that quenching by the AGN activity is minor and that star formation will likely stop in a short time due to gas exhaustion by the current starburst episode.
The physical drivers of gas turbulence in simulated disc galaxies
Authors: Jiménez Esteban , Lagos Claudia del P , Ludlow Aaron D , Wisnioski Emily 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
We use the eagle cosmological simulations to study the evolution of the vertical velocity dispersion of cold gas, σz, in central disc galaxies and its connection to stellar feedback, gravitational instabilities, cosmological gas accretion, and galaxy mergers. To isolate the impact of feedback, we analyse runs that turn off stellar and (or) active galactic nuclei feedback in addition to a run that includes both. The evolution of σz and its dependence on stellar mass and star formation rate in eagle are in good agreement with observations. Galaxies hosted by haloes of similar virial mass, $\rm M_{200}$, have similar σz values even in runs where feedback is absent. The prevalence of local instabilities in discs is uncorrelated with σz at low redshift and becomes only weakly correlated at high redshifts and in galaxies hosted by massive haloes. σz correlates most strongly with the specific gas accretion rate onto the disc as well as with the degree of misalignment between the inflowing gas and the disc’s rotation axis. These correlations are significant across all redshifts and halo masses, with misaligned accretion being the primary driver of high gas turbulence at redshifts z ≲ 1 and for halo masses $\rm M_{200} \lesssim 10^{11.5} {\rm M}_{\odot }$. Galaxy mergers increase σz, but because they are rare in our sample, they play only a minor role in its evolution. Our results suggest that the turbulence of cold gas in eagle discs results from a complex interplay of different physical processes whose relative importance depends on halo mass and redshift.
Representation of conspecific vocalizations in amygdala of awake marmosets
Authors: Jia Guoqiang , Bai Siyi , Lin Yingxu , Wang Xiaohui , Zhu Lin , Lyu Chenfei , Sun Guanglong , An Kang , Roe Anna Wang , Li Xinjian , Gao Lixia 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT
Human speech and animal vocalizations are important for social communication and animal survival. Neurons in the auditory pathway are responsive to a range of sounds, from elementary sound features to complex acoustic sounds. For social communication, responses to distinct patterns of vocalization are usually highly specific to an individual conspecific call, in some species. This includes the specificity of sound patterns and embedded biological information. We conducted single-unit recordings in the amygdala of awake marmosets and presented calls used in marmoset communication, calls of other species and calls from specific marmoset individuals. We found that some neurons (47/262) in the amygdala distinguished ‘Phee’ calls from vocalizations of other animals and other types of marmoset vocalizations. Interestingly, a subset of Phee-responsive neurons (22/47) also exhibited selectivity to one out of the three Phees from two different ‘caller’ marmosets. Our findings suggest that, while it has traditionally been considered the key structure in the limbic system, the amygdala also represents a critical stage of socially relevant auditory perceptual processing.