bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leverage and Dividend Policy: Evidence from the Indonesian Stock Exchange
Authors: Nur Dhani Ichsanuddin 
Published: March 2023

Aims: This research aims to determine the effect of ownership based on managerial and institutional on the leverage and corporate dividends.
Study Design: We analyzed the correlation between leverage and dividends interaction in several companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange.
Methodology: Some hypotheses were created and then tested using an equation model. Some equations used in this model can generate an equation system that can describe the variables' dependencies. Furthermore, the two-stage least square (TSLS) method was used as the estimation technique.
Results: A high level of managerial ownership can decrease leverage and corporate dividend payments. Also, high external capital is needed to increase dividend payments to achieve high asset growth.
Conclusion: In contrast, high sales growth can decrease the leverage, but increased profitability may lower the dividend payments. Using high force means reducing dividend payments. This research provides information and data as a basis for consideration, support, and sources of thought to management as decision-makers to improve company performance and business development. This research implies that companies can use it as a reference in making financial decisions about the company's business strategy to improve its performance to have a competitive advantage and avoid financial distress.
Evaluation of Pollutant Discharge from Slaughterhouses on Receiving Water Bodies
Authors: Daniel Ogbebor , John Ugbebor N. , Ngozi Udeh U. 
Published: March 2023

Aim: The aim of this study is to appraisal the consequences of slaughterhouse wastewater discharge into surface water of selected slaughterhouse environment.
Study Design: Three (3) main stream/surface water discharged slaughterhouses was analyzed. Water samples were collected at the Middle Course (MC) of the receiving water body. Sampling was be carried out between the hours of 10.00 am and 11.00 am when the discharge of effluent into the rivers/streams always occur.
Methodology: Wastewater samples were collected from the different slaughterhouses in order to determine the quality of the effluent before it was discharged into nearby stream/river. The MC samples will be collected from about 40 m from the point of entry of the slaughterhouse waste. Waste samples were collected from each sampling site with a clean polyethylene bottles. The containers was washed with diluted HCl and then rinsed with the wastewater from the slaughterhouse so as to neutralize or reduce the effect of external contaminants. The samples were appropriately labeled and transported to the laboratory, stored in the refrigerator at 4⁰C prior to being analyzed for the physical, chemical and biological parameters present.
Results: The parameters assessed include, Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Solids (TS), Phosphate, pH, Magnesium, Zinc, Iron, Manganese, Cadmium and Lead. High level of BOD, COD, and TS was revealed on receiving streams with minimum values of 1001mg/l, 1120mg/l, and 990mg/l.
Conclusion: The physico-chemical parameters showed the negative impact of the abattoir effluent on the stream thus rendering the water of worthless value to humans. Furthermore, the abattoir urgently needs an effluent treatment facility to be installed to reduce the health hazard its effluent poses on the abattoir users and users of the streams receiving the effluent.
Development of Osteoarthritis in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Treated With Metformin vs a Sulfonylurea
Authors: Baker Matthew C. , Sheth Khushboo , Liu Yuhan , Lu Di , Lu Rong , Robinson William H. 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceMetformin may have a protective association against developing osteoarthritis (OA), but robust epidemiological data are lacking.ObjectiveTo determine the risk of OA and joint replacement in individuals with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin compared with a sulfonylurea.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study used claims data from the Optum deidentified Clinformatics Data Mart Database between December 2003 and December 2019. Participants included individuals aged 40 years or older with at least 1 year of continuous enrollment and type 2 diabetes. Individuals with type 1 diabetes or a prior diagnosis of OA, inflammatory arthritis, or joint replacement were excluded. Time-conditional propensity score matching was conducted using age, sex, race, Charlson comorbidity score, and treatment duration to create a prevalent new-user cohort. Data were analyzed from April to December 2021.ExposuresTreatment with metformin or a sulfonylurea.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe outcomes of interest were incident OA and joint replacement. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of incident OA and joint replacement. In a sensitivity analysis, individuals only ever treated with metformin were compared with individuals only ever treated with a sulfonylurea, allowing for longer-term follow up of the outcome (even after stopping the medication of interest).ResultsAfter time-conditional propensity score matching, the metformin and control groups each included 20 937 individuals (mean [SD] age 62.0 [11.5] years; 24 379 [58.2%] males). In the adjusted analysis, the risk of developing OA was reduced by 24% for individuals treated with metformin compared with a sulfonylurea (aHR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.68-0.85; P &amp;lt; .001), but there was no significant difference for risk of joint replacement (aHR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.50-1.27; P = .34). In the sensitivity analysis, the risk of developing OA remained lower in individuals treated with metformin compared with a sulfonylurea (aHR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.65-0.90; P &amp;lt; .001) and the risk of joint replacement remained not statistically significant (aHR, 1.04; 95% CI, 0.60-1.82; P = .89).Conclusions and RelevanceIn this cohort study of individuals with diabetes, metformin treatment was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of developing OA compared with sulfonylurea treatment. These results further support preclinical and observational data that suggest metformin may have a protective association against the development of OA; future interventional studies with metformin for the treatment or prevention of OA should be considered.
Consistency and stability of gaze behavior when reading manga
Authors: Wada Yuichi 
Published: March 2023

AbstractManga, a Japanese comic, conveys contextual information about underlying stories based on the expression of a mixture of textual and pictorial elements. Two experiments were designed to assess whether individuals' eye movements when reading manga were consistent, independent of the specific materials, and stable over time. Experiment 1 examined the consistency of eye‐movement parameters when participants read two distinct manga works and a narrative text and demonstrated that the parameters were consistent among the different reading materials. Experiment 2 provided evidence of the stability of parameters over time (i.e., an average interval of approximately 3 months). In summary, eye‐movement parameters observed during manga reading were reliable stability indices over time and consistency among diverse materials. These findings imply that gaze behavior during manga reading could be an effective methodology for investigating individual differences in various aspects of cognitive processes, such as face perception and story comprehension.
Corrosion‐Responsive Self‐Healing Coatings
Authors: Yimyai Tiwa , Crespy Daniel , Rohwerder Michael 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOrganic coatings are one of the most popular and powerful strategies for protecting metals against corrosion. They can be applied in different ways, such as by dipping, spraying, electrophoresis, casting, painting, or flow coating. They offer great flexibility of material designs and cost effectiveness. Moreover, self‐healing has evolved as a new research topic for protective organic coatings in the last two decades. Responsive materials play a crucial role in this new research field. However, for targeting the development of high‐performance self‐healing coatings for corrosion protection, it is not sufficient just to focus on smart responsive materials and suitable active agents for self‐healing. A better understanding of how coatings can react on different stimuli induced by corrosion, how these stimuli can spread in the coating, and how the released agents can reach the corroding defect is also of high importance. Such knowledge would allow the design of coatings that are optimized for specific applications. Herein, the requirements and possibilities from the corrosion and synthesis perspectives for designing materials for preparing self‐healing coatings for corrosion protection are discussed.
A Biocompatible Supercapacitor Diode with Enhanced Rectification Capability toward Ion/Electron‐Coupling Logic Operations
Authors: Ma Hongyun , Liang Jie , Qiu Jian , Jiang Li , Ma Lingxiao , Sheng Hongwei , Shao Mingjiao , Wang Qi , Li Fengfeng , Fu Yujun , Wang Jing , Xie Erqing , Chai Yang , Lan Wei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe main challenge faced by the forthcoming human–computer interaction is that biological systems and electronic devices adopt two different information carriers, i.e., ions and electrons, respectively. To bridge the gap between these two systems, developing ion/electron‐coupling devices for logic operation is a feasible and effective approach. Accordingly, herein a supercapacitor‐based ionic diode (CAPode) that takes electrochemically amorphized molybdenum oxide as the working electrode is developed. Benefiting from its unique size and charge dual ion‐sieving effects, the molybdenum oxide electrode exhibits a record‐high rectification ratio of 136, which is over 10 times higher than those of reported systems. It also delivers an ultrahigh specific capacitance of 448 F g⁻1 and an excellent cycling stability of up to 20 000 cycles, greatly outperforming those of previous works. These excellent rectification capability and electrochemical performances allow the as‐built CAPode to work well in AND and OR logic gates, validating great potential in ion/electron‐coupling logic operations. More attractively, the superior biocompatibilities of molybdenum oxide and relevant constituent materials enable the constructed CAPode to be applied as bioelectronics without regard to biosafety, paving a new way toward forthcoming human–computer interaction.
Integrated Logic for Dielectric Elastomers: Replicating the Reflex of the Venus Flytrap
Authors: Ciarella Luca , Richter Andreas , Henke E.‐F. Markus 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDielectric elastomers (DEs) are electroactive polymers commonly used in soft robotics. Bulky and stiff high‐voltage circuits are usually needed to control their operation. This article presents autonomous control in a multi‐functional device made entirely of DEs. A gripper made of DE actuators is controlled by dielectric elastomer sensors through an electrical circuit. The circuit itself is composed of a network of actuators and sensors. The final structure requires only a constant power supply to work and produces its controlling signals. Every component can be manufactured simultaneously with the same materials and processes. At first, the logical control of the gripper is demonstrated by directly connecting a sensor to the gripper that opens when the sensor is stretched. Then, a DE level‐triggered flip‐flop (also called latch) is introduced to have bi‐stability between open and closed states. Finally, the latch is integrated inside the gripper, allowing it to sense objects. The device autonomously grips an object that is placed in it, resembling the closing mechanism of the plant Dionaea muscipula, also known as the Venus flytrap.
Ionic Liquid Passivation for High‐Performance Sky‐Blue Quasi‐2D Perovskite Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Sun Jiayun , Ren Zhenwei , Wang Zhaojin , Wang Haoran , Wu Dan , Sun Xiao Wei , Choy Wallace C. H. , Wang Kai 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGreat progress has been made in high‐performance perovskite light‐emitting diodes (PeLEDs). However, the external quantum efficiency (EQE) of blue PeLEDs still lags. Particularly, defects are inevitable in solution‐processed perovskite films, which inhibit the efficient radiative recombination in blue PeLEDs. Herein, a facile ionic liquid (IL, 1,3‐dimethyl‐3‐imidazolium hexafluorophosphate) post‐treatment on the as‐fabricated quasi‐2D perovskite film is reported, to passivate the uncoordinated Pb through the strong interaction with IL. The IL‐assisted perovskite film demonstrates a great enhancement of radiative recombination efficiency, and the photoluminescence quantum yield of the film increases from 35.7% to 74.6%. IL post‐treatment also adjusts the energy level of perovskite film and enhances the hole injection in PeLED. As a result, the peak EQE of the sky‐blue quasi‐2D PeLED is improved from 4.0% to 9.0%, while the turn‐on voltage is reduced from 3.3 to 3.0 V. This work contributes to a feasible and effective approach for improving the quality of blue quasi‐2D perovskites and enhancing the efficiency of blue PeLEDs.
A Biologically Interfaced Evolvable Organic Pattern Classifier
Authors: Gerasimov Jennifer Y. , Tu Deyu , Hitaishi Vivek , Harikesh Padinhare Cholakkal , Yang Chi‐Yuan , Abrahamsson Tobias , Rad Meysam , Donahue Mary J. , Ejneby Malin Silverå , Berggren Magnus , Forchheimer Robert , Fabiano Simone 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFuture brain–computer interfaces will require local and highly individualized signal processing of fully integrated electronic circuits within the nervous system and other living tissue. New devices will need to be developed that can receive data from a sensor array, process these data into meaningful information, and translate that information into a format that can be interpreted by living systems. Here, the first example of interfacing a hardware‐based pattern classifier with a biological nerve is reported. The classifier implements the Widrow–Hoff learning algorithm on an array of evolvable organic electrochemical transistors (EOECTs). The EOECTs’ channel conductance is modulated in situ by electropolymerizing the semiconductor material within the channel, allowing for low voltage operation, high reproducibility, and an improvement in state retention by two orders of magnitude over state‐of‐the‐art OECT devices. The organic classifier is interfaced with a biological nerve using an organic electrochemical spiking neuron to translate the classifier's output to a simulated action potential. The latter is then used to stimulate muscle contraction selectively based on the input pattern, thus paving the way for the development of adaptive neural interfaces for closed‐loop therapeutic systems.
Far‐Red Interlayer Excitons of Perovskite/Quantum‐Dot Heterostructures
Authors: Kim Taek Joon , Lee Sang‐hun , Lee Eunji , Seo Changwon , Kim Jeongyong , Joo Jinsoo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractInterlayer excitons (IXs) at the interface of heterostructures (HSs) with a staggered band alignment are fascinating quantum quasi‐particles with light‐emitting and long‐lifetime characteristics. In this study, the energy band alignments (EBAs) of the HS of MAPbI3 perovskite thin sheets with CdSe‐ZnS core–shell quantum dot (QD) layers are modulated by using different diameters of the QDs. Far‐red IX emission is observed at 1.42 eV from the HS of MAPbI3/CdSe‐ZnS‐QD (λem = 645 nm) with type‐II EBA owing to charge transfer. The lifetime of the far‐red IXs is estimated to be 5.68 µs, which is considerably longer than that (0.715 ns) of the intralayer excitons from CdSe‐ZnS‐QD. With increasing incident excitation power, the PL peak and its intensity of IXs are blue‐shifted and linearly increased, respectively, indicating a strong dipole alignment of far‐red IXs at the heterojunction. Back focal plane imaging suggests that the directions of dipole moments of the IXs are relatively out‐of‐plane compared to those of the intralayer excitons (MAPbI3 and CdSe‐ZnS‐QD). Notably, the abnormal behavior of the optical characteristics is observed near the phase transition temperature (90 K) of MAPbI3. MAPbI3/CdSe‐ZnS‐QD HS photodetectors show the increase in photocurrent and detectivity compared to MAPbI3 at IX excitation.
Combustion Activation Induced Solid‐State Synthesis for N, B Co‐Doped Carbon/Zinc Borate Anode with a Boosting of Sodium Storage Performance
Authors: Zhang Hao , Zhang Dingyue , Guo Mingyi , Huang Zheng , Wang Xu , Gao Caiqin , Gao Fan , Terrones Mauricio , Wang Yanqing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractZinc borates have merits of low voltage polarization and suitable redox potential, but usually suffer from low rate capability and poor cycling life, as an emerging anode candidate for Na+ storage. Here, a new intercalator‐guided synthesis strategy is reported to simultaneously improve rate capability and stabilize cycling life of N, B co‐doped carbon/zinc borates (CBZG). The strategy relies on a uniform dispersion of precursors and simultaneously stimulated combustion activation and solid‐state reactions capable of scalable preparation. The Na+ storage mechanism of CBZG is studied: 1) ex situ XRD and XPS demonstrate two‐step reaction sequence of Na+ storage: Zn6O(OH)(BO3)3+Na++e−↔3ZnO+Zn3B2O6+NaBO2+0.5H2 ①, Zn3B2O6+6Na++6e−↔3Zn+3Na2O+B2O3 ②; reaction ① is irreversible in ether‐based electrolyte while reversible in ester‐based electrolyte. 2) Electrochemical kinetics reveal that ether‐based electrolyte possesses faster Na+ storage than ester‐based electrolyte. The composite demonstrates an excellent capacity of 437.4 mAh g−1 in a half‐cell, together with application potential in full cells (discharge capacity of 440.1 mAh g−1 and stable cycle performance of 2000 cycles at 5 A g−1). These studies will undoubtedly provide an avenue for developing novel synthetic methods of carbon‐based borates and give new insights into the mechanism of Na+ storage in ether‐based electrolyte for the desirable sodium storage.
Carrier Dynamics of Efficient Triplet Harvesting in AgBiS2/Pentacene Singlet Fission Solar Cells
Authors: Geng Pai , Chen Dezhang , Shivarudraiah Sunil B. , Chen Xihan , Guo Liang , Halpert Jonathan E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSinglet fission is a process by which an organic semiconductor is able to generate two triplet excitons from a single photon. If charges from the triplets can be successfully harvested without heavy losses in energy, then this process can enable a single‐junction solar cell to surpass the Shockley–Queisser limit. While singlet fission processes are commonly observed in several materials, harvesting the resulting triplets is difficult and has been demonstrated with only a few transport materials. Here, transient absorption spectroscopy is used to investigate singlet fission and carrier transfer processes at the AgBiS2/pentacene (AgBiS2/Pc) heterojunction. The successful transfer of triplets from pentacene to AgBiS2 and the transfer of holes from AgBiS2 to pentacene is observed. Further singlet fission in pentacene by modifying the crystallinity of the pentacene layer and have fabricated the first singlet fission AgBiS2/Pc solar cell is enhanced. Singlet fission devices exhibit higher external quantum efficiency compared with the control devices, and thus demonstrating the significant contribution of charges from the singlet fission process.
Early Endosomes Act as Local Exocytosis Hubs to Repair Endothelial Membrane Damage
Authors: Raj Nikita , Greune Lilo , Kahms Martin , Mildner Karina , Franzkoch Rico , Psathaki Olympia Ekaterini , Zobel Thomas , Zeuschner Dagmar , Klingauf Jürgen , Gerke Volker 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe plasma membrane of a cell is subject to stresses causing ruptures that must be repaired immediately to preserve membrane integrity and ensure cell survival. Yet, the spatio‐temporal membrane dynamics at the wound site and the source of the membrane required for wound repair are poorly understood. Here, it is shown that early endosomes, previously only known to function in the uptake of extracellular material and its endocytic transport, are involved in plasma membrane repair in human endothelial cells. Using live‐cell imaging and correlative light and electron microscopy, it is demonstrated that membrane injury triggers a previously unknown exocytosis of early endosomes that is induced by Ca2+entering through the wound. This exocytosis is restricted to the vicinity of the wound site and mediated by the endosomal soluble N‐ethylmaleimide sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) VAMP2, which is crucial for efficient membrane repair. Thus, the newly identified Ca2+‐evoked and localized exocytosis of early endosomes supplies the membrane material required for rapid resealing of a damaged plasma membrane, thereby providing the first line of defense against damage in mechanically challenged endothelial cells.
BODIPY‐Functionalized Natural Polymer Coatings for Multimodal Therapy of Drug‐Resistant Bacterial Infection
Authors: Zhang Lujiao , Hu Chenyan , Sun Meizhou , Ding Xiaokang , Cheng Hong‐Bo , Duan Shun , Xu Fu‐Jian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe fact that multidrug resistance (MDR) could induce medical device‐related infections, along with the invalidation of traditional antibiotics has become an intractable global medical issue. Therefore, there is a pressing need for innovative strategies of antibacterial functionalization of medical devices. For this purpose, a multimodal antibacterial coating that combines photothermal and photodynamic therapies (PTT/PDT) is developed here based on novel heavy atom‐free photosensitizer compound, BDP‐6 (a kind of boron‐dipyrromethene). The photothermal conversion efficiency of BDP‐6 is of 55.9%, which could improve biocompatibility during PTT/PDT process by reducing the exciting light power density. Furthermore, BDP‐6, together with oxidized hyaluronic acid, is crosslinked with a natural polymer, gelatin, to fabricate a uniform coating (denoted as polyurethane (PU)‐GHB) on the surface of polyurethane. PU‐GHB has excellent synergistic in vitro PTT/PDT antibacterial performance against both susceptible bacteria and MDR bacteria. The antibacterial mechanisms are revealed as that hyperthermia could reduce the bacterial activity and enhance the permeability of inner membrane to reactive oxygen species by disturbing cell membrane. Meanwhile, in an infected abdominal wall hernia model, the notable anti‐infection performance, good in vivo compatibility, and photoacoustic imaging property of PU‐GHB are verified. A promising strategy of developing multifunctional antibacterial coatings on implanted medical devices is provided here.