bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On energy conservation for the hydrostatic Euler equations: an Onsager conjecture
Authors: Boutros Daniel W. , Markfelder Simon , Titi Edriss S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOnsager’s conjecture, which relates the conservation of energy to the regularity of weak solutions of the Euler equations, was completely resolved in recent years. In this work, we pursue an analogue of Onsager’s conjecture in the context of the hydrostatic Euler equations (also known as the inviscid primitive equations of oceanic and atmospheric dynamics). In this case the relevant conserved quantity is the horizontal kinetic energy. We first consider the standard notion of weak solution which is commonly used in the literature. We show that if the horizontal velocity (u, v) is sufficiently regular then the horizontal kinetic energy is conserved. Interestingly, the spatial Hölder regularity exponent which is sufficient for energy conservation in the context of the hydrostatic Euler equations is $$\frac{1}{2}$$

1
2

and hence larger than the corresponding regularity exponent for the Euler equations (which is $$\frac{1}{3}$$

1
3

). This is due to the anisotropic regularity of the velocity field: Unlike the Euler equations, in the case of the hydrostatic Euler equations the vertical velocity w is one degree spatially less regular with respect to the horizontal variables, compared to the horizontal velocity (u, v). Since the standard notion of weak solution is not able to deal with this anisotropy properly, we introduce two new notions of weak solutions for which the vertical part of the nonlinearity is interpreted as a paraproduct. We finally prove several sufficient conditions for such weak solutions to conserve energy.
Accuracy of radiographic projections to guide cephalic screw position in pertrochanteric fracture: a cadaveric study
Authors: Lazzarini Francesco , Paoli Tommaso , Cozzi Lepri Andrea , Secci Gregorio , Zanna Luigi , Innocenti Matteo , Matassi Fabrizio , Carulli Christian , Civinini Roberto 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the Löwenstein Lateral view and the True Lateral view for the positioning of the cephalic hip screw, through a cadaveric study.

Materials and Methods
We placed two Kirschner wires in eight femur specimens using an Antero-Posterior view, Löwenstein Lateral view and True Lateral view. The distances between the Kirschner wires and the anterior, posterior, superior and inferior cortex were measured in all projections. The head of the femur was then sectioned, and the same macroscopic distances were measured. Finally, we could calculate the accuracy of the two radiographic lateral projections.

Results
When the Kirschner wire was placed in the center of the head using the Antero-Posterior and the True Lateral view, the accuracy of Antero-Posterior view was 0.9705 while the accuracy of True Lateral view and Löwenstein Lateral view was 1.1479 and 1.1584, respectively. When the Kirschner wire was placed superior on the Antero-Posterior and centrally on the True Lateral view, the accuracy of Antero-Posterior view was 0.9930 while the accuracy of True Lateral view and Löwenstein Lateral view was 1.1159 and 0.7224, respectively.

Conclusion
When the Kirschner wire was positioned proximal in Antero-Posterior view and central in True Lateral view, only the True Lateral view showed high accuracy.
Fostering trust and understanding in social and healthcare services with migrant-origin parents: qualitative focus-group interviews of foreign-born mothers living in Finland
Authors: Kankaanpää Saija-Liisa , Lehti Venla , Solin Pia , Salama Essi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMigrant-origin families may have a pronounced need for psychosocial support and healthcare services, but they face barriers in using services. To ensure the timely use of services, it is important that families understand how service systems work and trust care providers. Thirty-two migrant-origin mothers living in Finland participated in five focus-group interviews and shared their wishes for social and healthcare professionals on how trust and understanding can be increased. The data were analyzed with Qualitative Content Analysis. We identified six main themes related to the use of services and professionals’ behavior. These were the need for professionals to justify and explain questions, to meet each family as individuals, the importance of non-verbal communication, the need to talk about racism and discrimination, the importance of cultural sensitivity in services, and a discussion of positive aspects of life after migration and children`s strengths. To foster trust and mutual understanding in social and healthcare services, professionals should be aware of potential cultural differences in family life, while avoiding pre-conceived ideas. Misunderstandings can rise from language barriers and unclear or intimidating questions. It is important that professionals explain what they do and justify why they might inquire about a family’s personal matters. Working with interpreters is necessary when professionals and parents do not share a common fluent language. Professionals should also pay attention to their non-verbal communication and to being friendly. Finally, it is important to show interest in families’ experienced hardships such as racism as well as their strengths.
Current Forest–Savanna Transition in Northern South America Departs from Typical Climatic Thresholds
Authors: Valencia Santiago , Salazar Juan F. , Hoyos Natalia , Armenteras Dolors , Villegas Juan Camilo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe forest–savanna transition is the most widespread ecotone in the tropics, with important ecological, climatic, and biogeochemical implications at local to global scales. However, the factors and mechanisms that control this transition vary among continents and regions. Here, we analyzed which factors best explain the transition in northern South America (Llanos ecoregion and northwestern Amazon), where common thresholds on typical environmental factors (for example, mean annual precipitation (MAP), wet season precipitation) fail to predict it. For instance, savannas in the Llanos occur at MAP levels (> 1500 mm) which are typical of forests in other tropical regions. We examined the transition’s climate features, soils, and disturbance (fire frequency) spaces using remotely sensed data. We used logistic generalized linear models to assess the effect of seasonal (season length) and intra-seasonal (daily precipitation frequency and intensity) precipitation metrics during the dry season, soil silt content, and fire frequency, on the transition using canopy cover, tree cover, and the maximum Plant Area Volume Density as vegetation structure descriptor variables. Fire frequency and precipitation frequency were the most important variables explaining the transition. Although most fires occur in savannas, we found that a significant percentage of savanna pixels (46%) had no fires. This study indicates that the transition should be characterized regionally in response to biogeographic differences (for example, climatic space) among regions and continents. Our results highlight the importance of fire frequency and intra-seasonal precipitation in determining the transition in northern South America. Furthermore, future studies should consider regional differences in the climatic space of forest and savanna to improve projections of global change impacts on these highly diverse ecosystems.
Regional modeling of groundwater recharge in the Basin of Mexico: new insights from satellite observations and global data sources
Authors: González-Ortigoza Sergio , Hernández-Espriú Antonio , Arciniega-Esparza Saúl 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRegional groundwater recharge (GWR) is crucial to improving water management strategies; however, the lack of available data constrains its computation. Here, a practical approach using remote sensing data and global hydrological products was implemented to estimate regional GWR in the Basin of Mexico, a ~9,000-km2 basin in central Mexico with a population of ~25 million people, where groundwater represents the most important water source. The soil–water-balance (SWB) model was applied to estimate the regional GWR from 2000 to 2021 in the Basin of Mexico using four model setups, including climatological records from ground stations (M1), remotely based precipitation from CHIRPS (M2), bias-corrected precipitation from CHIRPS (M3), and CHIRPS with temperature from the Daymet product (M4), and other global soil and land use datasets. Furthermore, the regional GWR model was calibrated using runoff from streamflow gauges and evapotranspiration from empirical equations and remote sensing data. The mean regional GWR values estimated in the Basin of Mexico using the M1, M2, M3, and M4 setups were 37, 45, 38, and 45 mm/year (10.38, 12.57, 10.73, 12.61 m3/s), respectively. All setups agreed that the Sierra de las Cruces represents the dominant GWR area; still, larger differences were obtained at high elevations due to the lack of climatological stations. Results suggest that annual precipitation and GWR follow a potential relationship dominated by elevation and surficial lithology. Finally, remote sensing and global sources could be successfully used to depict regional changes in recharge patterns within data-limited basins.
Nichttraumatischer prähospitaler Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand bei einer Schwangeren
Authors: Imach S. , Stracke J. , Adler C. , Ahnert T. , Domröse C. , Banaschak S. , Paul C. , Burst V. , Eifinger F. 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungDer prähospitale Kreislaufstillstand bei schwangeren Patientinnen ist ein sehr seltenes Ereignis. Dies limitiert die Erfahrung des Einzelnen. Strukturierte Trainingsformate zur prähospitalen perimortalen Crash-Sectio (PPCS) sind nicht etabliert. Gleichzeitig benötigt die Versorgung dieser Patientinnen sowohl prähospital als auch innerklinisch erhebliche personelle und therapeutische Ressourcen. Die Kasuistik soll für eine deutsche Metropolregion die exemplarische Ressourcenverwendung und die zeitliche Dimension der Versorgung demonstrieren. Basierend auf einer Literaturrecherche werden alternative Therapieentscheidungen diskutiert.
Publication and citation patterns of Austrian researchers in operations research and other sub-disciplines of business administration as indexed in Web of Science and Scopus
Authors: Schlögl Christian , Boric Sandra , Reichmann Gerhard 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere are many studies which compared the publication and citation patterns among different research disciplines. However, one level below, potential differences within disciplines are not as well researched. Our article contributes to the research of said level by investigating the publication and citation behaviours of ten sub-disciplines of business administration and the potential differences between them. Of particular interest is a comparison of Operations Research with the other nine sub-disciplines. As research method, we conducted a scientometric analysis covering 283 professors at Austrian universities that offer a business administration program. Their publications over a ten-years period and the citations they have accumulated were retrieved from Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus. The results unveil strong differences between the analysed ten sub-disciplines, which are partially even greater than those between overall disciplines. Due to its interdisciplinary nature, we expected to see some peculiarities in the results for Operations Research. Authors from this sub-discipline are very present in WoS and Scopus. This sub-discipline achieves the highest average number of publications per researcher, and the highest self-citation rate. Apart from Operations Research, some other sub-disciplines also showed particular characteristics. This concerns especially Accounting, where publications often appear in German and in practitioner journals due to their national legalistic content. As was expected, Scopus overall has a higher coverage than WoS. However, the extent varies strongly among sub-disciplines.
MiR-22-3p suppresses NSCLC cell migration and EMT via targeting RAC1 expression
Authors: Wang Xuejiao , Wang Xiaobin , Jiang Tao , Zhang Zhipei , Xie Nianlin , Yang Guang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrevious studies have demonstrated the tumor-suppressive function of microRNA-22-3p (miR-22-3p) in several cancers, whereas the significance of miR-22-3p in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. In this study, we explored the biological function and molecular mechanism of miR-22-3p in NSCLC cells. First, we assessed the expression of miR-22-3p in NSCLC tissues and cells based on RT-qPCR and TCGA database. Compared with normal lung tissues and cells, miR-22-3p expression was dramatically decreased in lung cancer tissues and cells. miR-22-3p expression was also correlated with lymph node metastasis and tumor size, but not TNM stages. We further explored the in vitro function of miR-22-3p on the migration and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of NSCLC cells. The results showed that overexpression of miR-22-3p suppressed the migration and EMT of NSCLC cells, whereas silencing miR-22-3p showed the opposite effect. Luciferase assay demonstrated that RAS-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1) was the target gene for miR-22-3p. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that miR-22-3p suppressed the cell migration and EMT via downregulation of RAC1 because the inhibitory effect of miR-22-3p on cell migration and EMT of NSCLC cells was reversed by RAC1 overexpression. Based on these novel data, the miR-22-3p/RAC1 axis may be an alternative target in the therapeutic intervention of NSCLC.
INCHAIN: a cyber insurance architecture with smart contracts and self-sovereign identity on top of blockchain
Authors: Farao Aristeidis , Paparis Georgios , Panda Sakshyam , Panaousis Emmanouil , Zarras Apostolis , Xenakis Christos 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite the rapid growth of the cyber insurance market in recent years, insurance companies in this area face several challenges, such as a lack of data, a shortage of automated tasks, increased fraudulent claims from legal policyholders, attackers masquerading as legal policyholders, and insurance companies becoming targets of cybersecurity attacks due to the abundance of data they store. On top of that, there is a lack of Know Your Customer procedures. To address these challenges, in this article, we present , an innovative architecture that utilizes Blockchain technology to provide data transparency and traceability. The backbone of the architecture is complemented by Smart Contracts, which automate cyber insurance processes, and Self-Sovereign Identity for robust identification. The effectiveness of ’s architecture is compared with the literature against the challenges the cyber insurance industry faces. In a nutshell, our approach presents a significant advancement in the field of cyber insurance, as it effectively combats the issue of fraudulent claims and ensures proper customer identification and authentication. Overall, this research demonstrates a novel and effective solution to the complex problem of managing cyber insurance, providing a solid foundation for future developments in the field.
Silvopastoral systems in local livestock landscapes in Hopelchén, Southern Mexico
Authors: Špirić Jovanka , Ramírez M. Isabel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDeforestation for livestock remains one of Mexico’s key socio-environmental problems. The municipality of Hopelchén is a deforestation hotspot despite being part of the Calakmul Biosphere Reserve, the largest forestland on the Yucatan Peninsula. Livestock are part of the local culture and economy, and there is potential for the development of traditional and improved silvopastoral (SP) systems. It is therefore important to identify SP elements in the local livestock landscape and explore the reasons or limitations for their adoption. The quality and quantity of SP elements in a landscape depend on practices carried out by each rancher throughout the livestock production cycle. We aimed to identify local livestock practices that result in SP landscape elements and explain their impact on forest cover in Hopelchén. We identified seven SP elements, six traditional and one improved, being forest strips combined with live or dead fences the most common. Stand-alone live fences are the least common, due to negative local perceptions about their construction and maintenance. Scattered trees are present at very low densities to prevent shading of grass, while forest fragments are maintained as a source of timber. The full potential of traditional SP elements is not being reached as they are mainly used for protection and construction, without exploiting their use as fodder and live fences. Only four producers have alley grazing, the only improved SP element found. To prevent further forest degradation and deforestation, more integrated management and use of forest and tree cover in the livestock landscape should be encouraged.
Exploring Mental Health and Development in Refugee Children Through Systematic Play Assessment
Authors: Bernhardt Katharina , Le Beherec Saskia , Uppendahl Jana , Baur Marie-Anna , Klosinski Matthias , Mall Volker , Hahnefeld Andrea 
Published: August 2023

AbstractTo evaluate a standardized play observation as a measure of young children’s mental health and development in a clinical and refugee population. We conducted individual play observations with 70 refugee children aged 3- to 6-years and compared them to a clinical group of 111 age-matched children regarding their level of play development, social interaction during play, traumatic re-enactments, and emotionless-cold play. Additionally, we assessed children’s mental health, social-emotional development and markers of adversity by parent and educator report as well as their IQ-test scores and learning performance and related these factors to the play variables. Play variables were significantly correlated with IQ-test scores (r = 0.184, p = 0.037), learning performance (r = 0.208, p = 0.010) and vocabulary (r = 0.208, p = 0.021) in the comparison group and with social-emotional development in educator report (r = 0.368, p = 0.011), time spent in Germany (r = 0.342, p < 0.001) and parental distress (r = − 0.292, p = 0.034) in the refugee group. Children with more parent-reported adverse experiences showed less social-interactive play in the overall sample (r = − 0.178, p = 0.011). Our child-centered approach to standardized play observation augments information obtained from parent and educator reports and can provide valuable insights in subgroups where other commonly used tests are not available or applicable.
Metaphors of distance, size and temperature in sociometry of small social groups: A generalizability theory approach
Authors: Kundrát Josef , Rečka Karel , Litschmannová Martina , Vrtková Adéla , Baumgartner František , Benešová Tereza , Paulík Karel , Skanderová Lenka , Fabián Tomáš , Beranová Helena , Ullmannová Dominika 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe have developed a new interactive instrument that uses psychological distance (represented by visual distance) together with the metaphors of size and temperature to assess liking and influence among primary school students. To test its concurrent validity, we compare its results with an established sociometric instrument. Furthermore, we examine the characteristics of the obtained ratings, the main sources of variability of the observed ratings, and the reliability of person-level results. Our results indicate that the ratings derived from the interactive visual metaphors of distance, size, and temperature show adequate reliability and strongly correlate with a traditional sociometric inventory that uses rating scales. The novelty of our approach lies in the use of generalizability theory, which allows for the decomposition of obtained ratings into class, rater, rated person, dyadic, and idiosyncratic effects. This allows for a more nuanced analysis of the relationships between members of social groups, such as school classes.
Role of microhabitats in shaping diversity of periphytic diatom assemblages
Authors: Nemes-Kókai Zsuzsanna , Borics Gábor , Csépes Eduárd , Lukács Áron , Török Péter , T-Krasznai Enikő , Bácsi István , B-Béres Viktória 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDiverse macrovegetation can provide heterogeneous habitats for benthic diatoms. The removal of macrophytes as direct plant control, however, can be considered as a threat, which can even lead to remarkable microhabitat alterations. Lake Tisza (Hungary) has a high nature conservation value, but it is also an important recreation centre, which is why very delicate water management is necessary including vegetation thinning. Here, we studied the importance of microhabitat heterogeneity (emergent, submerged and floating macrophytes) in maintaining diverse periphytic diatom assemblages. We hypothesized that the substrate type has greater influencing role on the composition and diversity of diatoms than the lake heterogeneity related to basins. We also assumed that floating vegetation hosts the most different and least diverse diatom assemblages. Our results mostly proved these hypotheses. Heterogeneous assemblages were formed on the different substrates (support hypothesis), however, the basin level differences were also detected (reject hypothesis). Our results also highlighted, that macrophyte species with lesser morphological complexity hosted the least diverse periphytic assemblages (support hypothesis). However, many unique and red list taxa were found on floating plants (reject hypothesis). These findings emphasize the key role of microhabitat complexity in maintaining diverse and healthy functioning of microbial assemblages in a multi-purpose reservoir.
Violence in Queer Families: Symbolic Recognition of Same-Sex Relationships in Russian Law
Authors: Kondakov Alexander Sasha 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This paper deals with criminal court cases of intimate partner violence in queer families (IPV) in Russia. It aims to uncover ways for these families to be recognized in law, even if only for the purposes of deciding cases of violence among LGBT + partners.

Methods
The study deploys methods of discourse analysis to uncover powers which produce the texts of court rulings. The article is based on close examination of nine cases of IPV occurred in various places across Russia. Eight cases concern bisexual and lesbian women; one case is about men in a same-sex partnership.

Results
The analysis suggests that only the most severe cases of IPV reach criminal courts in Russia (murder, manslaughter, and serious injuries). As courts deal with violence among intimate same-sex partners, they have to discuss LGBT + identities, queer sexualities, and same-sex families more broadly, as well as such forms of violence which are not criminalized but build up to the ultimate violent act (psychological and financial violence, battery).

Conclusions
Regardless of reluctance to recognize queer families in family law, same-sex relationships are already recognized in the legal discourse with the help of various categories for the purposes of processing criminal cases. However, this recognition casts queer families as subordinate and pathological, especially through the widespread invocation of traditional values rhetoric.