bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Online Circuit Training Increases Adherence to Physical Activity: A Randomized Controlled Trial of Men with Obesity
Authors: KESHAVARZ MOHAMMAD , SÉNÉCHAL MARTIN , BOUCHARD DANIELLE R. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to examine adherence to the weekly physical activity guidelines (≥150 min of aerobic activities at moderate-to-vigorous intensity and two or more sessions of strength training (yes or no)) and health outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic for men living with obesity, 46 wk after being offered an online muscle-strengthening circuit program for 12 wk.

Methods
Sixty men (age ≥19 yr) living with obesity (body fat percentage ≥25%) were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 30) or the control condition (n = 30) for 12 wk. The intervention group was offered an online circuit training, three sessions per week, whereas the control group received a website helping them to reach the physical activity guidelines. Adherence to the weekly physical activity guidelines was evaluated 46 wk after enrolling in the program using a heart rate tracker (Fitbit Charge 3) and an exercise log. Health outcomes (e.g., anthropometrics, body composition) were measured at baseline and after 12, 24, and 46 wk.

Results
The intervention group had higher adherence to physical activity guidelines at 46 wk (36.8%) than the control group (5.3%; P = 0.02). However, no difference in health outcomes was observed between participants in the intervention group compared with the control group after 12, 24, and 46 wk.

Conclusions
Increasing adherence to exercise in men living with obesity is challenging. The proposed program increased adherence to the physical activity guidelines after about a year for men living with obesity; however, more studies are needed to understand how to improve health outcomes when following an online delivery exercise program in this population.
Free-Weight and Machine-Based Training Are Equally Effective on Strength and Hypertrophy: Challenging a Traditional Myth
Authors: HERNÁNDEZ-BELMONTE ALEJANDRO , MARTÍNEZ-CAVA ALEJANDRO , BUENDÍA-ROMERO ÁNGEL , FRANCO-LÓPEZ FRANCISCO , PALLARÉS JESÚS G. 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Purpose
This study aimed to compare the effects of free-weight and machine-based resistance training on strength, hypertrophy, and joint discomfort.

Methods
Thirty-eight resistance-trained men participated in an 8-wk resistance program allocated into free-weight (n = 19) or machine-based (n = 19) groups. Training variables were identical for both modalities, so they only differed in the use of barbells or machines to execute the full squat, bench press, prone bench pull, and shoulder press exercises. The velocity-based method was implemented to accurately adjust the intensity throughout the program. Strength changes were evaluated using eight velocity-monitored loading tests (four exercises × two modalities) and included the relative one-repetition maximum (1RMRel), as well as the mean propulsive velocity against low (MPVLow) and high (MPVHigh) loads. Ultrasound-derived cross-sectional area of quadriceps (proximal and distal regions), pectoralis major, and rectus abdominis was measured to examine hypertrophy. Complementarily, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities and Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand questionnaires were administrated to assess changes in lower- and upper-limb joint discomfort. Outcomes were compared using ANCOVA and percentage of change (∆) statistics.

Results
Each group significantly (P < 0.001) increased 1RMRel, MPVLow, and MPVHigh for both modalities tested, but especially in the one they trained. When considering together the eight exercises tested, strength changes for both modalities were similar (∆ differences ≤1.8%, P ≥ 0.216). Likewise, the cross-sectional area of all the muscles evaluated was significantly increased by both modalities, with no significant differences between them (∆ difference ≤2.0%, P ≥ 0.208). No between-group differences (P ≥ 0.144) were found for changes in stiffness, pain, and functional disability levels, which were reduced by both modalities.

Conclusions
Free-weight and machine-based modalities are similarly effective to promote strength and hypertrophy without increasing joint discomfort.
Dynamic Project Expediting: A Stochastic Shortest-Path Approach
Authors: Bertazzi Luca , Mogre Riccardo , Trichakis Nikolaos 
Published: August 2023

We deal with the problem of managing a project or a complex operational process by controlling the execution pace of the activities it comprises. We consider a setting in which these activities are clearly defined, are subject to precedence constraints, and progress randomly. We formulate a discrete-time, infinite-horizon Markov decision process in which the manager reviews progress in each period and decides which activities to expedite to balance expediting costs with delay costs. We derive structural properties for this dynamic project expediting problem. These enable us then to devise exact solution methods that we show to reduce computational burden significantly. We illustrate how our method generalizes and can be used to tackle a wide range of so-called stochastic shortest-path problems that are characterized by an intuitive property and can capture other applications, including medical decision-making and disease-modeling problems. Moreover, we also deal with the state identification issue for our problem, which is a challenging task in and of itself, owing to precedence constraints. We complement our analytical results with numerical experiments, demonstrating that both our solution and state identification methods significantly outperform extant methods for a supply chain example and for various randomly generated instances. This paper was accepted by Chung Piaw Teo, optimization. Funding: R. Mogre acknowledges support from the U.S.-UK Fulbright Commission and the Lloyd’s Tercentenary Research Foundation through the Fulbright-Lloyd’s Scholar Award, which allowed him to spend an extended period of time at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Supplemental Material: The data files are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4876 .
Inventory Commitment and Monetary Compensation Under Competition
Authors: Lei Junfei , Zhang Fuqiang , Zhang Renyu , Yu Yugang 
Published: August 2023

Problem definition: Inventory commitment and monetary compensation are widely recognized as effective strategies in monopoly settings when customers are concerned about stockouts. To attract more customer traffic, a firm reveals its inventory availability information to customers before the sales season or offers monetary compensation to placate customers if the product is out of stock. This paper investigates these two strategies when retailers compete on both price and inventory availability. Methodology/results: We develop a game-theoretic framework to analyze the strategic interactions among the retailers and customers and draw the following insights. First, both inventory commitment and monetary compensation may lead to a prisoner’s dilemma. Although these strategies are preferred regardless of the competitor’s price and inventory decisions, the equilibrium profit of each retailer could be lower in the presence of inventory commitment or monetary compensation because they intensify the competition between the retailers. Second, we find that market competition may hurt social welfare compared with a centralized setting by reducing the product availability in equilibrium. The inventory commitment and monetary compensation strategies further intensify the competition between the retailers, therefore causing an even lower social welfare. Managerial implications: Our study shows that, although inventory commitment and monetary compensation improve retailers’ profit and social welfare under monopoly, these strategies should be used with caution under competition. Funding: F. Zhang is grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grants 71929201, 72131004]. R. Zhang is grateful for the financial support from the Hong Kong Research Grants Council General Research Fund [Grant 14502722] and the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 72293560/72293565]. Y. Yu is grateful for the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [Grant 71921001]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2021.0411 .
“I want…to serve those communities…[but] my price tag is…not what they can afford”: The community‐engaged Georgia doula study
Authors: Mosley Elizabeth A. , Lindsey Alyssa , Turner Daria , Shah Priya , Sayyad Ayeesha , Mack Amber , Lindberg Ky 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionIn Georgia, maternal mortality is relatively high, and Black women are three times as likely to die from pregnancy‐related causes as white women. Doulas can improve perinatal health and reduce disparities, but doula accessibility in Georgia is unclear.MethodsThis community‐engaged mixed methods study surveyed and interviewed 17 doulas in Georgia. Surveys included structured questions on demographics, businesses, clientele, training, and challenges; we analyzed them using descriptive statistics. In‐depth interviews included open‐ended questions on doula care benefits, building their businesses, and improving access to doula care. We analyzed the content of transcripts using coding and memoing.ResultsOur diverse doula participants described providing life‐saving services including education, referral to care, and patient advocacy. Yet they described numerous challenges to providing care and building their businesses. Almost all participants reported having fewer than their ideal number of clients and all reported being insufficiently paid for their services. Although training, mentoring, and networking help build their businesses, many doulas want to serve Black women, transgender men, gender non‐binary individuals, and families living on lower incomes. Participants suggested Medicaid reimbursement and community health worker models as potential interventions for increasing equitable doula care access.DiscussionDoulas can improve perinatal health outcomes and are urgently needed. Yet they face challenges in building businesses and finding clientele, especially from communities and groups at highest risk of negative outcomes during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. Identifying avenues for supporting publicly‐funded reimbursement, expanding equity‐focused doula training, and fostering stronger doula networks with mentorship appears warranted.
Impact of vaccination on infection or death from COVID-19 in individuals with laboratory-confirmed cases: Case-control study
Authors: Hernández Bautista Porfirio Felipe , Grajales Muñiz Concepción , Cabrera Gaytán David Alejandro , Rojas Mendoza Teresita , Vallejos Parás Alfonso , Santacruz Tinoco Clara Esperanza , Alvarado Yaah Julio Elias , Anguiano Hernández Yu Mei , Sandoval Gutiérrez Nancy , Jaimes Betancourt Leticia 
Published: August 2023

Objectives
The objective of this study is to estimate the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in people treated within the social security system whose vaccination status was reported to the epidemiological surveillance system.

Study design
Case-control study.

Methods
This was a case-control study conducted. The records of individuals with suspected cases of COVID-19 registered in the epidemiological surveillance system between February 1 and June 30, 2021, were studied. RT–qPCR was performed to determine SARS-CoV-2 infection; those with a positive result were considered cases, and those with a negative result were considered controls. The ratio between cases and controls was 1:1.3. The crude and adjusted vaccine effectiveness was considered the prevention of symptomatic infection and death and calculated as the difference between the dose and the risk, with a survival analysis among vaccinated people.

Results
A total of 94,416 individuals were included, of whom 40,192 were considered cases and 54,224 controls; 3,781 (4.00%) had been vaccinated against COVID-19. Vaccination also proved to be a protective factor against COVID-19, especially in the population who received a second dose (OR = 0.31; 95% CI 0.28–0.35). With the application of the vaccine, there was a protective effect against mortality (OR = 0.76; 95% CI 0.66–0.87). Disease prevention was higher for the BNT162-2 mRNA vaccine (82%) followed by the ChAdOx1 vaccine (33%). In the survival analysis, vaccination provided a protective effect.

Conclusions
There was a positive impact of vaccines for the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19, with a second dose generating greater efficacy and a reduction in deaths.
Prediction of postoperative patient deterioration and unanticipated intensive care unit admission using perioperative factors
Authors: Mestrom Eveline H. J. , Bakkes Tom H. G. F. , Ourahou Nassim , Korsten Hendrikus H. M. , Serra Paulo de Andrade , Montenij Leon J. , Mischi Massimo , Turco Simona , Bouwman R. Arthur 
Published: August 2023

Background and objectives
Currently, no evidence-based criteria exist for decision making in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU). This could be valuable for the allocation of postoperative patients to the appropriate level of care and beneficial for patient outcomes such as unanticipated intensive care unit (ICU) admissions. The aim is to assess whether the inclusion of intra- and postoperative factors improves the prediction of postoperative patient deterioration and unanticipated ICU admissions.

Methods
A retrospective observational cohort study was performed between January 2013 and December 2017 in a tertiary Dutch hospital. All patients undergoing surgery in the study period were selected. Cardiothoracic surgeries, obstetric surgeries, catheterization lab procedures, electroconvulsive therapy, day care procedures, intravenous line interventions and patients under the age of 18 years were excluded. The primary outcome was unanticipated ICU admission.

Results
An unanticipated ICU admission complicated the recovery of 223 (0.9%) patients. These patients had higher hospital mortality rates (13.9% versus 0.2%, p<0.001). Multivariable analysis resulted in predictors of unanticipated ICU admissions consisting of age, body mass index, general anesthesia in combination with epidural anesthesia, preoperative score, diabetes, administration of vasopressors, erythrocytes, duration of surgery and post anesthesia care unit stay, and vital parameters such as heart rate and oxygen saturation. The receiver operating characteristic curve of this model resulted in an area under the curve of 0.86 (95% CI 0.83–0.88).

Conclusions
The prediction of unanticipated ICU admissions from electronic medical record data improved when the intra- and early postoperative factors were combined with preoperative patient factors. This emphasizes the need for clinical decision support tools in post anesthesia care units with regard to postoperative patient allocation.
Comparison of monocyte distribution width and Procalcitonin as diagnostic markers for sepsis: Meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy studies
Authors: Motawea Karam R. , S. Rozan Samah , Elsayed Talat Nesreen , H. Elhalag Rowan , Mohammed Reyad Sarraa , chebl pensée , Swed Sarya , Sawaf Bisher , Hadeel alfar Hadeel , Farwati Amr , Sabbagh Bana , M. Madera Esperance , El Metaafy Amro , J. Barboza Joshuan , Sah Ranjit , Aiash Hani 
Published: August 2023

AimWe aimed to perform a meta-analysis to find out whether PCT and MDW could be used as accurate diagnostic markers for sepsis.MethodsWe searched PUBMED, WOS, and SCOPUS databases. Inclusion criteria were any observational or clinical trials that compared monocyte Distribution Width [MDW] with Procalcitonin [PCT] as diagnostic markers in a patient with sepsis. Case reports, editorials, conference abstracts, and animal studies were excluded. RevMan software [5.4] was used to perform the meta-analysis.ResultsAfter the complete screening, 5 observational studies were included in the meta-analysis. The total number of patients included in the meta-analysis in the sepsis group is 565 and 781 in the control group. The pooled analysis between the sepsis group and controls showed a statistically significant association between sepsis and increased levels of MDW and PCT [MD = 3.94, 95% CI = 2.53 to 5.36, p-value < 0.00001] and [MD = 9.29, 95% CI = 0.67 to 17.91, p-value = 0.03] respectively. Moreover, the subgroup analysis showed that the p-value of MDW levels [< 0.00001] is more significant than the p-value of PCT levels = 0.03, the p-value between the two subgroups [< 0.00001]. Additionally, the overall ROC Area for MDW [0.790] > the overall ROC Area for PCT [0.760].ConclusionOur study revealed a statistically significant association between sepsis and increased MDW and PCT levels compared with controls and the overall ROC Area for MDW is higher than the overall ROC Area for PCT, indicating that the diagnostic accuracy of MDW is higher than PCT.MDW can be used as a diagnostic marker for sepsis patients in the emergency department. More multicenter studies are needed to support our findings.
Using Superheroes and Villains in Counseling and Play Therapy: A Guide for Mental Health Professionals, Lawrence C. Rubin (ed.) (2020)
Authors: Barratt-Peacock Ruth 
Published: August 2023

Review of: Using Superheroes and Villains in Counseling and Play Therapy: A Guide for Mental Health Professionals, Lawrence C. Rubin (ed.) (2020)
New York: Routledge, 323 pp.,
ISBN 978-0-42945-495-0, e-book, AUD 68.99
ISBN 978-1-13861-326-3, h/bk, AUD 242.00
ISBN 978-1-13861-327-0, p/bk, AUD 75.99
Estado nutricional y consumo de frutas, verduras, legumbres, alimentos procesados y ultraprocesados en adultos de Santiago de Chile
Authors: Rodríguez Ximena , Villota Claudio , Salva Rocío , Cortés Valeria 
Published: August 2023

Introducción: El sedentarismo y el consumo de alimentos no saludables se asocian con sobrepeso y obesidad en la población. El consumo de frutas, verduras y legumbres ha disminuido con el tiempo y gran parte de la población chilena no cumple con las recomendaciones de ingesta diaria.
Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el IMC de adultos chilenos y el consumo y frecuencia de diversos alimentos naturales, procesados y ultraprocesados.
Metodología: Estudio transversal analítico en 516 sujetos entre 18 y 68 años. Se determinó el estado nutricional por medio de IMC. Para analizar el consumo de alimentos naturales y comida procesada se utilizó la encuesta sobre hábitos alimentarios. Los participantes firmaron un consentimiento informado. Los valores obtenidos fueron analizados con el programa estadístico SPSS®. Los resultados obtenidos fueron analizados por medio de T-Student, Chi-cuadrado de Pearson, ANOVA de una vía y prueba exacta de Fisher, para así definir la asociación entre ellos.
Resultados: El 0,8 % de los evaluados se clasificó como bajo peso; 42,2 % con estado nutricional normal; 42,8 % en sobrepeso y el 14,0 % con obesidad. El 37,8 % de los evaluados no consume frutas diariamente; el 22,9 % no consume verduras durante el día y 26,4 % no consume legumbres semanalmente. El 39,5 % de las personas toma al día 1 o más porciones de bebidas azucaradas y el 35,3 % consume frituras 1 o más veces por semana. Un mayor consumo de frutas (p=0,04), verduras (p=0,002) y legumbres (p=0,03) se asoció a un menor IMC. El consumo elevado de bebidas y jugos azucarados se asoció a un mayor IMC (p=0,002). Finalmente, se evidenció una asociación significativa entre el consumo de verduras al día, legumbres por semana y jugos azucarados respecto del estado nutricional (95% de confianza).
Conclusiones: Se observó una frecuencia elevada de sobrepeso y obesidad acompañado de un bajo consumo de frutas, verduras y legumbres. Los adultos que tenían una ingesta mayor de alimentos naturales presentaron un menor IMC, a diferencia de aquellos que tenían una ingesta más elevada de bebidas azucaradas y alimentos ultraprocesados.
Adecuación Nutricional y Adherencia a la Dieta Mediterránea y su Asociación con Hábitos de Vida de Estudiantes de Medicina: Un Estudio Transversal Descriptivo
Authors: Riquelme-Gallego Blanca , Hernández-Ruiz Ángela , Aurora Maldonado-Calvo Aurora , Rivera-Izquierdo Mario , García-Molina Laura , Cano-Ibañez Naomi , Bueno-Cavanillas Aurora 
Published: August 2023

Introducción. A pesar de que la etapa universitaria es crucial para la adquisición de hábitos de vida que pueden repercutir en el estado de salud, se ha evidenciado una alimentación inadecuada en esta población.
Objetivos. (1) Estudiar el nivel de adecuación a las recomendaciones de ingesta alimentarias en estudiantes de medicina, (2) determinar la adhesión a la Dieta Mediterránea (Diet Med) y (3) determinar las variables asociadas con el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones dietéticas.
Metodología. Estudio descriptivo transversal. Se analizó la ingesta dietética de 225 estudiantes de medicina mediante un cuestionario de frecuencia de alimentos. Se calculó la ingesta de nutrientes mediante la utilización de tablas de composición de alimentos y el porcentaje de cumplimiento de micronutrientes (RDI para población adulta española). Se determinó la adhesión a la Diet Med y el riesgo cardiovascular. Se realizaron modelos regresión logística múltiple con objeto de determinar las variables asociadas con la adecuación nutricional.
Resultados. Los estudiantes de medicina muestran una baja adhesión a la Diet Med así como una baja frecuencia del cumplimiento de las RDI de vitamina A, D y calcio. El cumplimiento con las recomendaciones se asoció positivamente con variables como el sexo femenino y la Diet Med en el caso de las recomendaciones de vitamina A, mientras que un mayor IMC y sedentarismo se asociaron negativamente con las de vitamina D.
Conclusiones. Los hábitos alimentarios de los estudiantes de medicina pueden considerarse poco saludables, por lo que deben priorizarse intervenciones educativas y conductuales para mejorar el estilo de vida de esta población.
Financiación. B.R.-G. is a Postdoctoral Investigator funded by the Junta de Andalucía (ref. RH-0069-2021).
Un-Incorporation and Conditional Misallocation: Firm-Level Evidence from Sri Lanka
Authors: Kumari Ranpati Dewage Thilini Sumudu , Chen Shawn Xiaoguang , Tang Sam Hak Kan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Un-incorporated firms are usually found less productive than their incorporated counterparts. However, little is known about the misallocation conditional on firms’ incorporation status and their productivity. This paper investigates the resource misallocation across un-incorporated firms and gauges the consequent aggregate productivity loss in comparison with their incorporated counterparts. We examine the question by using firm-level survey data from Sri Lanka’s manufacturing sector for 2005–2017 that provide unique information about firms’ corporation status. Our findings suggest that misallocation is more severe in unincorporated firms than in incorporated ones, leading to extra 42 % aggregate TFP loss to the former. By comparing the sources of misallocation between the two types of firms, we find capital is more misallocated relative to output and there is a stronger positive correlation between firm-specific distortion and productivity across the unincorporated firms. Our findings suggest that the un-incorporated firms suffer additional productivity loss at the aggregate level due to misallocation.