bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Threats to Scientifically Based Standards in Sex Offense Proceedings: Progress and the Interests of Alleged Victims in Jeopardy
Authors: Niehaus Susanna , Krause Andreas 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the past, empirical research findings from psychosciences contributed to avoiding erroneous judgments and decisions in criminal proceedings. However, for some time now, developments have arisen that threaten to reverse the achievement at the turn of the millennium that introduced a clear scientific orientation into sex offense proceedings. This article highlights five retrograde developments and uses three examples to illustrate how these developments can interact and, in particular, offer a purported explanation for a lack of memory of experienced abuse. This creates a breeding ground for the formation of false memories that cause suffering in both psychotherapy and criminal proceedings, and it significantly increases the risk of erroneous decisions in criminal proceedings on sex offenses in German-speaking countries.
Kampf den Klischees: Die jüngere Adam-Smith-Forschung rollt die Interpretation des schottischen Gelehrten neu auf
Authors: Horn Karen 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungVor 300 Jahren, im Juni 1723, kam Adam Smith auf die Welt. Aus dem Sohn eines schottischen Anwalts und Zollkommissars wurde ein großer Aufklärer, der vor allem mit seinen moralphilosophischen und ökonomischen Schriften Berühmtheit erlangte. Mit seinem zweiten Hauptwerk, dem „Wealth of Nations“ (1776), etablierte sich die Volkswirtschaftslehre als eigenständige akademische Disziplin. Das Buch entfaltete nicht nur theoretische, sondern in zahlreichen Ländern auch praktische Wirkung. Freilich ging die Rezeptionsgeschichte mit erheblichen Vergröberungen und Verzerrungen einher. Gegen diese Klischees stemmt sich seit einigen Jahren eine interdisziplinäre Gruppe von Smith-Forschern. In diesem Überblicksartikel aus Anlass des Jubiläums stellt Karen Horn einige der Einsichten aus der jüngeren Literatur der Smith-Forschung vor und zeigt, wie reizvoll und fruchtbar die Auseinandersetzung mit dem großen Schotten weiterhin ist – auch für die hier unterrepräsentierten Ökonomen.
Oscillation and Oscillating Structures in Syntax
Authors: Mendoza Imke , Sonnenhauser Barbara 
Published: May 2023

SummaryLinguistic expressions are very often indeterminate and have several possible readings. Syntactic indeterminacy may result from different underlying structures, from polysemous elements, or from so-called oscillation. Unlike the former two, oscillation cannot be reduced to one or more discrete interpretations in a given context, it is fundamentally non-resolvable. While oscillating structures do not hamper successful communication, they present a problem for linguistic analyses and categorizations. The relevant literature does not address oscillation systematically; if anything, it is treated in connection with problems of categorization. In this paper, oscillation is perceived as a phenomenonsui generis. We first give a definition of oscillation against the backdrop of other indeterminate structures and outline their relevance for a proper understanding of older and less formal varieties. Then we propose a tentative typology of oscillating structures and their potential triggers in selected Slavic languages.
Ökonomisierung des Strafverfahrens?
Authors: Szumiło-Kulczycka Dobrosława , Leszczyńska Aneta 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Die Problematik der Strafverfahrenskosten wird in der aktuellen Literatur kaum behandelt. In der kontinentalen Strafverfahrenslehre taucht bisweilen der Begriff der Ökonomik des Verfahrens auf. Er ist allerdings eher im Bereich der Effizienz der Gerichtsverfahren angesiedelt und wird dadurch in Zusammenhang mit der Konzentrationsmaxime betrachtet. In diesem Kontext werden häufig die sog. konsensualen Verfahrensbeendigungen erörtert. Hierbei ist eine Tendenz zu erkennen: Es wird schlichtweg angenommen, dass ein schnelleres Verfahren zugleich ein billigeres und dadurch effektiveres sei. Außerdem zeigt sich, dass für Fälle in höheren Instanzen mehr Aufwendungen veranschlagt werden.
Das Forschungsprojekt „Die Strafverfahrenskosten in der ökonomischen Analyse des Rechts“ unter der Leitung von Prof. Dobrosława Szumiło-Kulczycka, befasste sich mit der Kostenstruktur des Strafverfahrens bezüglich wirtschaftlicher und geographischer Kriterien sowie der jeweiligen Instanz. Die Ergebnisse führten zur Veröffentlichung des Sammelbandes (2020) „Koszty procesu karnego w ujęciu teoretycznym i empirycznym“ (Die Strafverfahrenskosten in theoretischer und empirischer Hinsicht). Mit der Präsentation der Ergebnisse und den damit einhergehenden theoretischen Problemen soll eine Diskussion – insbesondere auch in Deutschland – über die Strafverfahrenskosten und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Umsetzung der Verfahrensmaximen angestoßen werden.
Agreement in Squat Jump Force-Time Characteristics Between Smith Machine and Free-Weight Squat Jump Force-Time Characteristics
Authors: Kotani Yosuke , Lake Jason , Guppy Stuart N. , Poon Wayne , Nosaka Kazunori , Haff G. Gregory 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Kotani, Y, Lake, J, Guppy, SN, Poon, W, Nosaka, K, and Haff, GG. Agreement in squat jump force-time characteristics between Smith machine and free-weight squat jump force-time characteristics. J Strength Cond Res 37(10): 1955–1962, 2023—The purpose of this study was to determine whether squat jump (SJ) force-velocity (FV) and load-velocity (LV) profiles created using free-weights agree with profiles created with a Smith machine. Fifteen resistance-trained male subjects (age = 26.4 ± 2.5 years; height = 1.75 ± 0.09 m; body mass = 82.6 ± 13.4 kg) participated in this study. All subjects completed 2 familiarization and 2 experimental sessions using both the Smith machine and free-weight SJs each separated by 48 hours. During the experimental trials, progressively loaded SJs were performed in a quasi-randomized block order with loads between 21 kg and 100% of the subject's body mass. Agreement between exercise mode was determined with a weighted least products regression analysis. No fixed or proportional bias was noted between exercise modes when using peak velocity (PV) and mean velocity (MV) to create an FV profile. There was no fixed and proportional bias present for the LV profile when the profile was created with PV. When the LV profile was calculated from MV, fixed and proportional bias were present, indicating that MVs were significantly different between exercise modes. In addition, the free-weight FV and LV profiles exhibited poor to good relative and good to poor absolute reliability. Furthermore, when created using the Smith machine, both profiles exhibited poor to moderate relative and absolute reliability. Based on these data, caution should be used when interpreting LV and FV profiles created with these 2 methods.
Differential Development of Dendritic Spines in Striatal Projection Neurons of Direct and Indirect Pathways in the Caudoputamen and Nucleus Accumbens
Authors: Kuo Hsiao-Ying , Yang Ya-Hui , Chen Shih-Yun , Kuo Tzu-Hsin , Lin Wan-Ting , Liu Fu-Chin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSynaptic modification in postnatal development is essential for the maturation of neural networks. Developmental maturation of excitatory synapses occurs at the loci of dendritic spines that are dynamically regulated by growth and pruning. Striatal spiny projection neurons (SPNs) receive excitatory input from the cerebral cortex and thalamus. SPNs of the striatonigral direct pathway (dSPNs) and SPNs of the striatopallidal indirect pathway (iSPNs) have different developmental roots and functions. The spatial and temporal dynamics of dendritic spine maturation of these two types of SPNs remain elusive. Here, we delineate the developmental trajectories of dendritic spines of dSPNs and iSPNs in the caudoputamen and nucleus accumbens (NAc). We labeled dendritic spines of SPNs by microinjecting Cre-dependent AAV-eYFP viruses into newborn Drd1-Cre or Adora2a-Cre mice, and analyzed spinogenesis at three levels, including different SPN cell types, subregions and postnatal times. In the dorsolateral striatum, spine pruning of dSPNs and iSPNs occurred at postnatal day (P)30–P50. In the dorsomedial striatum, the spine density of both dSPNs and iSPNs reached its peak between P30 and P50, and spine pruning occurred after P30 and P50, respectively, for dSPNs and iSPNs. In the NAc shell, spines of dSPNs and iSPNs were pruned after P21–P30, but no significant pruning was observed in iSPNs of lateral NAc shell. In the NAc core, the spine density of dSPNs and iSPNs reached its peak at P21 and P30, respectively, and subsequently declined. Collectively, the developmental maturation of dendritic spines in dSPNs and iSPNs follows distinct spatiotemporal trajectories in the dorsal and ventral striatum.
Selective autophagy regulates chloroplast protein import and promotes plant stress tolerance
Authors: Wan Chen , Zhang Hui , Cheng Hongying , Sowden Robert G , Cai Wenjuan , Jarvis R Paul , Ling Qihua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractChloroplasts are plant organelles responsible for photosynthesis and environmental sensing. Most chloroplast proteins are imported from the cytosol through the translocon at the outer envelope membrane of chloroplasts (TOC). Previous work has shown that TOC components are regulated by the ubiquitin‐proteasome system (UPS) to control the chloroplast proteome, which is crucial for the organelle's function and plant development. Here, we demonstrate that the TOC apparatus is also subject to K63‐linked polyubiquitination and regulation by selective autophagy, potentially promoting plant stress tolerance. We identify NBR1 as a selective autophagy adaptor targeting TOC components, and mediating their relocation into vacuoles for autophagic degradation. Such selective autophagy is shown to control TOC protein levels and chloroplast protein import and to influence photosynthetic activity as well as tolerance to UV‐B irradiation and heat stress in Arabidopsis plants. These findings uncover the vital role of selective autophagy in the proteolytic regulation of specific chloroplast proteins, and how dynamic control of chloroplast protein import is critically important for plants to cope with challenging environments.
HNRNPH1 regulates the neuroprotective cold‐shock protein RBM3 expression through poison exon exclusion
Authors: Lin Julie Qiaojin , Khuperkar Deepak , Pavlou Sofia , Makarchuk Stanislaw , Patikas Nikolaos , Lee Flora CY , Zbiegly Julia M , Kang Jianning , Field Sarah F , Bailey David MD , Freeman Joshua L , Ule Jernej , Metzakopian Emmanouil , Ruepp Marc‐David , Mallucci Giovanna R 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEnhanced expression of the cold‐shock protein RNA binding motif 3 (RBM3) is highly neuroprotective both in vitro and in vivo. Whilst upstream signalling pathways leading to RBM3 expression have been described, the precise molecular mechanism of RBM3 cold induction remains elusive. To identify temperature‐dependent modulators of RBM3, we performed a genome‐wide CRISPR‐Cas9 knockout screen using RBM3‐reporter human iPSC‐derived neurons. We found that RBM3 mRNA and protein levels are robustly regulated by several splicing factors, with heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H1 (HNRNPH1) being the strongest positive regulator. Splicing analysis revealed that moderate hypothermia significantly represses the inclusion of a poison exon, which, when retained, targets the mRNA for nonsense‐mediated decay. Importantly, we show that HNRNPH1 mediates this cold‐dependent exon skipping via its thermosensitive interaction with a G‐rich motif within the poison exon. Our study provides novel mechanistic insights into the regulation of RBM3 and provides further targets for neuroprotective therapeutic strategies.
Foreign Ownership, Free Cash Flow, and Assets Utilization of Manufacturing Industry
Authors: Aziza Nurna , S C Rafflesiantono 
Published: May 2023

Purpose : This study aims to examine the effect of moderating role of foreign ownership in the relationship between net profit margin and free cash flow on assets utilization in Indonesian manufacturing companies.
Method : Net profit margin and free cash flow act as independent variables while assets utilization is the dependent variable and foreign ownership is the moderating variable. The research sample was determined using a purposive sampling approach with several criteria as the basis for determining it. Observations in this study were conducted from 2018 to 2020, manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange were the focus of this study. 36 companies were selected as samples with 108 observations. Testing the research hypothesis was conducted by using Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA).
Findings : The results of the tests showed that asset utilization was positively and significantly impacted by Net Profit Margin and Free Cash Flow. Additionally, foreign ownership was insignificant in strengthening the effect of net profit margin and free cash flow on asset utilization.
Novelty : The study specifically focused on foreign ownership, while previous research was based on structure ownership as a whole.
Keywords : Assets Utilization; Foreign Ownership; Free Cash Flow; Net Profit Margin
The The Effect Of Uncontrolled Addition Of Gelatin In Paracetamol Tablet Formulation And The Evaluation
Authors: Putri Nanda Sabila Fitriana 
Published: May 2023

Acetaminophen is a pain-relieving (analgesic) and fever-treating (antipyretic) medication that can be obtained over-the-counter. Wet granulation evaluation of granule among others flow time, angle of repose, tapped density tableting evaluation tablet among others weight uniformity, friability, disintegration time tablet flow time evaluation test was 0.16 with an angle of repose 51.78 tapped density of 30%. Tablet manufacturing process, tablet was damaged during the initial printing, namely capping. The tablet evaluation test obtained weight uniformity 248mg, friability 3.22%, disintegration time 1 minute, dissolution results at 60th minutes is 2.2817. The formulation of paracetamol tablets made by the researchers did not meet the specifications for marketability, where the discrepancy in tablet specifications occurred in the physical and chemical properties of the tablets.
VALIDATION OF ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR THE DISSOLUTION TEST OF VITAMIN D3 5000 IU CHEWABLE TABLETS WITH HPLC AND STABILITY TESTING
Authors: Puti Karin Maharrani Ayu 
Published: May 2023

Background: Vitamin D3 is a fat-soluble vitamin. The low solubility of vitamin D3 in water has attracted the researchers to develop a modification of vitamin D3 to be soluble in water, thus increasing bioavailability of vitamin D3 in the body and improving product performance in vitro and in vivo.
Aim: This study aims to knowing the dissolution analysis method of vitamin D3 chewable tablets with HPLC and the stability of samples vitamin D3 5000 IU at 6th weeks of shelf life with storage conditions of 30 °C ± 2 ℃ and 40 °C ± 2 °C at Rh 75% ± 5%.
Material and Methods: This study refers to USP 43 NF 38 with modifications of mobile phase.
Results: The analytical method used shows linear results with a coefficient of correlation (r) equal to 0,9997. LoD and LoQ is 0,0076 ppm and 0,02302 ppm. The Q values of intermediate precision test were 86,431% and 85,2182%. The recovery percentage is 96,8147% - 100,1338%. The specificity test shows the analyte can be clearly distinguished from other components. In testing the stability of the test solution were 100,138% and %RSD equal to 0,12903% for 0 hours and 99,2754% and %RSD equal to 0,33193% for 24 hours. In the accelerated stability test, the results at 0 week were 85,2182%, the results at 6 weeks of 30 °C and 40°C is 86,718639% and 82,80894%.
Conclucion: Validation of analytical method has met the acceptance criteria from ICH and USP.
Impact of coronavirus disease 2019 on patients with primary adrenal insufficiency: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Knowles Gregory , Warmington Emily , Shepherd Lisa M , Hazlehurst Jonathan M , de Bray Anne , Gleeson Helena , Arlt Wiebke , Prete Alessandro 
Published: May 2023

Objective
Patients with primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI) are thought to be particularly vulnerable to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, little is known about its true impact on this group. We assessed morbidity and health promotion attitudes during the pandemic amongst a large cohort of patients with PAI.

Design
Cross-sectional, single-centre study.

Methods
In May 2020, COVID-19 advice on social distancing and sick-day rules was distributed to all patients with PAI registered with a large secondary/tertiary care centre. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to survey patients in early 2021.

Results
Of 207 contacted patients, 162 responded (82/111 with Addison’s disease, AD; 80/96 with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, CAH). Patients with AD were older than those with CAH (median age 51 vs 39 years; P < 0.001) and had more comorbidities (Charlson comorbidity index ≥2 47.6% vs 10.0%; P< 0.001). By the time of the survey, 47 patients (29.0%) had been diagnosed with COVID-19, the second commonest cause of sick-day dosing during the study and the leading trigger of adrenal crises (4/18 cases). Patients with CAH had a higher risk of COVID-19 compared to AD (adjusted odds ratio 2.53 (95% CI 1.07–6.16), P= 0.036), were less inclined to have the COVID-19 vaccine (80.0% vs 96.3%; P = 0.001), and were less likely to have undergone hydrocortisone self-injection training (80.0% vs 91.5%; P = 0.044) or wear medical alert jewellery (36.3% vs 64.6%; P = 0.001).

Conclusions
COVID-19 was a principal trigger for adrenal crises and sick-day dosing in patients with PAI. Despite a higher risk of COVID-19, patients with CAH showed less engagement with self-protective attitudes.

Significance statement
We conducted a cross-sectional study on a large and well-characterised group of patients with PAI and demonstrated that COVID-19 was a leading cause of morbidity during the early phases of the pandemic. Patients with AD were older and had a greater burden of comorbidity than those with CAH, including non-adrenal autoimmune disorders. However, patients with CAH were more likely to develop COVID-19 and demonstrated reduced engagement with healthcare services and health promotion strategies.
Subsequent pregnancy outcomes among women with tubal ectopic pregnancy treated with methotrexate
Authors: Mackenzie Scott C , Moakes Catherine A , Duncan W Colin , Tong Stephen , Horne Andrew W 
Published: May 2023

Graphical abstract

Lay summary
An ectopic pregnancy occurs when an embryo implants outside of the uterus, usually in a fallopian tube. When detected early, treatment is often with a medication called methotrexate. When methotrexate does not work, surgery is required. A recent clinical trial of ectopic pregnancy treatment (called GEM3) found that adding a drug called gefitinib to methotrexate did not reduce the need for surgery. We have used data from the GEM3 trial, combined with data collected 12 months after the trial finished, to investigate post-methotrexate pregnancy outcomes. We found no difference in pregnancy rates, pregnancy loss rates and recurrent ectopic pregnancy rates between those treated medically only and those who subsequently also needed surgery. The surgical technique used also did not affect pregnancy rates. This research provides reassurance that women with ectopic pregnancies treated medically who need surgery have similar post-treatment pregnancy outcomes to those treated successfully medically.
The effect of sperm DNA fragmentation on the incidence and origin of whole and segmental chromosomal aneuploidies in human embryos
Authors: Gao Jiangman , Yan Zhiqiang , Yan Liying , Zhu Xiaohui , Jiang Hui , Qiao Jie 
Published: May 2023

In brief
Whether sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) affects embryo development and clinical outcomes is still controversial, which limits the utility of SDF testing in assisted reproductive technology management. This study demonstrates that high SDF is associated with the incidence of segmental chromosomal aneuploidy and increased paternal whole chromosomal aneuploidies.

Abstract
We aimed to investigate the correlation of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) with the incidence and paternal origin of whole and segmental chromosomal aneuploidies of embryos at the blastocyst stage. A retrospective cohort study was conducted with a total of 174 couples (women aged 35 years or younger) who underwent 238 cycles (including 748 blastocysts) of preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic diseases (PGT-M). All subjects were divided into two groups based on the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) level: low DFI (<27%) and high DFI (≥27%). The rates of euploidy, whole chromosomal aneuploidy, segmental chromosomal aneuploidy, mosaicism, parental origin of aneuploidy, fertilization, cleavage, and blastocyst formation were compared between low- and high-DFI groups. We found no significant differences in fertilization, cleavage, or blastocyst formation between the two groups. Compared to that in the low-DFI group, segmental chromosomal aneuploidy rate was significantly higher in the high-DFI group (11.57% vs 5.83%, P = 0.021; OR: 2.32, 95% CI: 1.10–4.89, P = 0.028). The whole chromosomal embryonic aneuploidy of paternal origin was significantly higher in cycles with high DFI than in cycles with low DFI (46.43% vs 23.33%, P = 0.018; OR: 4.32, 95% CI: 1.06–17.66, P = 0.041). However, the segmental chromosomal aneuploidy of paternal origin was not significantly different between the two groups (71.43% vs 78.05%, P = 0.615; OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 0.16–6.40, P = 0.995). In conclusion, our results suggested that high SDF was associated with the incidence of segmental chromosomal aneuploidy and increased paternal whole chromosomal aneuploidies in embryos.
Characterization of bioenergetic and kinematic plasticity of bovine sperm reveals novel and dynamic temporal traits
Authors: de Agostini Losano Joao D , Souders Christopher L , Martyniuk Christopher J , Daigneault Bradford W 
Published: May 2023

In brief
Evaluation of sperm samples with similar motility after thawing has limited value to identify differences in sperm bioenergetic capacity. Maintaining sperm for 24 hr at room temperature is sufficient to detect bioenergetic and kinematics divergences.

Abstract
Sperm transport through the female reproductive tract requires energy for motility and fertilization. Sperm kinematic assessment is conducted as an industry standard to estimate semen quality prior to bovine insemination. However, individual samples with similar post-thaw motility result in different pregnancy outcomes, suggesting that differences in bioenergetics may be important for sperm function. Thus, characterization of bioenergetic and kinematic parameters of sperm over time may reveal novel metabolic requirements for sperm function. Post-thawed sperm from five samples of individual (A, B, C) and pooled bulls (AB, AC) were assessed at 0 and 24 h after thawing. Sperm were evaluated for kinematics via computer-assisted sperm analyses and bioenergetic profiles using a Seahorse Analyzer for basal respiration (BR), mitochondrial stress test (MST), and energy map (EM). Motility was nearly identical among samples after thawing and no differences in bioenergetics were detected. However, after 24 h of sperm storage, pooled sperm samples (AC) presented with higher BR and proton leakage compared to other samples. Sperm kinematic variability among samples was higher after 24 h, suggesting difference in sperm quality may manifest over time. Despite a reduction in motility and mitochondrial membrane potential, BR was higher at 24 h compared to 0 h for nearly all samples. A metabolic divergence between samples was detected by EM, indicating a shift in bioenergetic profiles over time that was undetected after thawing. These new bioenergetic profiles elucidate a novel dynamic plasticity of sperm metabolism over time while suggesting an influence of heterospermic interactions for further investigation.