bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
How many minutes matter: Association between time saved with air medical transport and survival in trauma patients
Authors: Boland Sebastian , Lu Liling , Silver David S. , Byrd Tamara , Guyette Francis X. , Brown Joshua B. 
Published: February 2025

BACKGROUND
Air medical transport (AMT) offers a survival advantage to trauma patients for several reasons, including time-savings over ground transport. Triage guidelines suggest AMT use when there are significant time-savings, but how much time needs to be saved to confer a benefit is unclear. Our objective was to define the time-savings threshold for which AMT has a survival benefit over ground transport.

METHODS
Retrospective cohort of adult trauma patients transported ≤40 miles by ground or air in the Pennsylvania Trauma Outcomes Study 2000 to 2017. Geographic information system network analysis generated the counterfactual transport mode times, and we calculated a time-savings of AMT for each patient. We used restricted cubic splines to allow for non-linear effects of time-saved within multilevel logistic regression to identify a threshold of AMT time-savings associated with survival. Subgroups of patients meeting physiologic or anatomic criteria from the National Field Triage Guidelines (NFTG) and those with a positive Air Medical Prehospital Triage (AMPT) Score were analyzed.

RESULTS
There were 280,271 patients included. The NFTG subgroup had survival advantage starting at 13 minutes of AMT time-saved (adjusted odds ratio, 1.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.30). The AMPT subgroup had survival advantage starting at 23 minutes with the greatest magnitude of improvement (adjusted odds ratio, 1.22; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–1.48). Among patients that did not meet either NFTG criteria or the AMPT score, no amount of time-saved by AMT was associated with survival (p > 0.05). Sensitivity analysis accounting for injury severity in scene time showed the survival benefit starting at 17 minutes of AMT time-saved for the NFTG subgroup and remained 23 minutes in the AMPT subgroup.

CONCLUSION
Among patients meeting physiologic or anatomic NFTG criteria, a ≥ 13- to 17-minute AMT time-savings threshold was associated with improved survival. There is heterogeneity among this threshold among different patient groups that may be due to other benefits of AMT, such as advanced capabilities. These findings can inform AMT triage guidelines.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Therapeutic; Level IV.
Exploring the Decision-Making Process for Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder and Their Relatives After Treatment
Authors: Rovers Jordy , Schönberger Lieke , Loef Dore , van Eijndhoven Philip , Verwijk Esmée , Somers Metten , Dols Annemiek , Tendolkar Indira 
Published: February 2025

Objectives
Shared decision making is used for reaching medical decisions, also in the management of major depressive disorder (MDD). Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment option for patients with severe MDD. However, the decision-making process, specifically the exchange of evidence-based information, for ECT may be hampered by the controversy and stigma surrounding ECT. We aim to explore the experiences of the decision-making process of patients and their relatives who have chosen to receive ECT in order to guide optimization of shared decision making in ECT.

Methods
Semistructured interviews were conducted with MDD patients and their relatives who had voluntarily received ECT between 2018–2023 at the Radboud University Medical Center, the Netherlands. The interviews were analyzed by thematic analysis.

Results
Meaning saturation occurred after 16 interviews. The following 3 major themes emerged: 1) information is key, 2) empowering the decision, and 3) lived experiences with ECT. Participants emphasized the importance of accessible information presented in a calm and stepwise manner. They also identified gaps in desired information, particularly regarding memory loss and difficulty in retaining the given information. Factors empowering the decision included support from family, healthcare professionals, peers, and desperation, while negative factors included stigma, negative images, lack of support, and fear. Lived experiences with ECT might influence a future decision. Positive experiences were improved attitudes, treatment effects, and empathic and involved professionals, while negative aspects included cognitive side effects and lack of follow-up.

Conclusions
This study offers insights into factors influencing the decision-making process in patients with MDD that received ECT. It shows possibilities for improving the decision-making process in clinical practice.
Dietary Factors and Predominant Eye Diseases in Sub-Saharan African Populations: A Comprehensive Systematic Review Protocol
Authors: Duah Isaiah Osei , Akuffo Kwadwo Owusu , Ampong Josephine , Owiredu David , Danso-Appiah Anthony 
Published: February 2025

AbstractBackgroundEvidence linking diet and ocular diseases is growing, yet variations persist, with a paucity of data in sub-Saharan Africa. The proposed review will systematically synthesize evidence on dietary factors associated with predominant eye disorders (cataracts, refractive error, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, and dry eye disease) in the sub-Saharan African population.MethodsThe systematic review and meta-analysis will follow the gold standard for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analysis, thus Preferred Reporting Items for Reporting Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA), and Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. The study will identify all relevant studies published, unpublished, and pre-prints from PubMed, SciVerse Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Embase, Health Inter-Network Access to Research Initiative (HINARI), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), African Journal of Science, Biomed Central, and Cochrane Library and relevant institutional databases without date restrictions. We will check the reference lists of all studies identified by the methods and contact experts for additional relevant studies. Data will be analyzed with the Review Manager (RevMan) software. The random effects model will be used to pool study effect estimates and robustness assessed through sensitivity analyses. Heterogeneity across studies will be assessed using the I2-statistic. Publication bias will be investigated graphically with a funnel plot and statistically with Egger’s regression intercept method or Begg’s rank correlation tests. All estimates will be reported with their confidence intervals, and statistical analysis will be set at a significance level of p<0.05. The results of the review will be presented based on the PRISMA guidelines.
Sex-dependent effects of a gestational ketogenic diet on offspring birth and lifespan
Authors: Zala Sarah M. , Santos Renata , Strasser Eva , Schadde Alice , Kugler Sarah , Strauss Verena , Kübber-Heiss Anna , Zala Diana 
Published: February 2025

AbstractLow-carbohydrate, high-fat ketogenic diets (KDs) are used to treat drug-resistant epilepsy, and other potential benefits for treating neurological disorders, metabolic syndrome, and cancer are being explored. In addition to these and other medical applications, KDs have also become popular for rapid weight-loss and enhancing athletic performance. However, the effects of exposing developing offspring to KDs during pregnancy (gestational KD) are poorly understood, and especially their long-term health consequences. In this study, we investigated the effects of a partial gestational KD during the second half of pregnancy in mice and assessed the consequences on the offspring over their entire lifespan compared to offspring exposed to a control diet. We found that a gestational KD significantly reduced dams’ litter size and litter mass and altered the sex ratio at birth, reducing the proportion of female offspring, which also had lower body mass early in their life. In contrast, male offspring exposed to a gestational KD suffered a significantly reduced lifespan and a late-onset increase in body mass. We found no evidence that our KD diet influenced adult offspring behavior (locomotion, anxiety, depression, circadian rhythms, food and water consumption) or reproduction. These findings highlight the potential of even a partial maternal exposure to a KD to have surprisingly detrimental effects on offspring health and longevity, and thus raising concerns about its use during pregnancy.
Functional imaging of 3D bioprinted microalgal constructs and simulation of their photosynthetic performance
Authors: Murthy Swathi , Mosshammer Maria , Trampe Erik , Kühl Michael 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThe intricate three dimensional architecture at different spatial length scales affects the functionality and growth performance of immobilized photosynthesizing cells in biofilms and bioprinted constructs. Despite the tremendous potential of 3D bioprinting in precisely defining sample heterogeneity and composition in spatial context, cell metabolism is mostly measured in media surrounding the constructs or by destructive sample analyses. The exploration and application of non-invasive techniques for monitoring physico-chemical microenvironments, growth and metabolic activity of cells in 3D printed constructs is thus in strong demand. Here, we present a pipeline for the fabrication of 3D bioprinted microalgal constructs with a functionalized gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA)-based bioink for imaging O2dynamics within bioprinted constructs, as well as their characterization using various, non-invasive functional imaging techniques and numerical simulation of their photophysiological performance. This fabrication, imaging and simulation pipeline now enables investigation of the effect of structure and composition on photosynthetic efficiency of bioprinted constructs with microalgae or cyanobacteria. It can facilitate designing efficient construct geometries for enhanced light penetration and improved mass transfer of nutrients, CO2or O2between the 3D printed construct and the surrounding medium, thereby providing a mechanistic basis for the design of more efficient artificial photosynthetic systems.
Adaptation of visual responses in degeneratingrd10and healthy mouse retinas during ongoing electrical stimulation
Authors: Jalligampala Archana , Shabani Hamed , Zrenner Eberhart , Rathbun Daniel L. , Hosseinzadeh Zohreh 
Published: February 2025

AbstractObjectiveVisual adaptation is a physiological and perceptual process by which the visual system adjusts to changes in the environment or visual stimuli. This process is fundamental to how we perceive the world around us and allows our visual system to efficiently encode and process visual information. The retina incorporates adaptaion with its dozens of functionally distinct retinal ganglion cell types. Meanwhile, the field of retinal prostheses is increasing its understanding of electrical adaptation and cell-specific stimulation. However, very little is known about the interaction of visual and electrical stimulation on the adaptation of retinal ganglion cell types.Methods/ApproachRecording with a microelectrode array (MEA), we presented an ON and OFF full-field, visual stimulus to characterize various visual response parameters in healthy and degeneratingrd10mouse retinas. We then evaluated visual response changes before and after blocks of monophasic voltage-controlled electrical pulse stimulation.Main ResultsA history of electrical stimulation strengthened visual responses in WT retina, even when changes attributable toin vitrovisual adaptation were taken into account. Inrd10retinas, electrical adaptation counteracted the baselinein vitrovisual adaptation. In all cases, adaptation often affected the ON and OFF visual response components differentially. Consequently, the ON/OFF classification of indiviual cells changed as a result of adaptation.SignificanceElectrical stimulation-induced changes in the retina should be considered in the encoding of visual stimuli by retinal prosthetic devices.In vitroinvestigations for bionic vision should strive to probe electrical responsiveness after adaptation to ongoing electrical stimulation has achieved a steady-state.
Prebreeding populations and the importance of life history for conserving the world’s imperiled seabirds
Authors: Taylor Liam U. , Gnam Eleanor 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSeabird conservation often focuses on nestlings and breeding adults. Yet imperiled seabird populations also contain prebreeders, including juveniles and subadults, that wait several years before breeding at colonies. We use previously-published data on reproductive and survival rates for 84 species to quantify the conservation relevance of prebreeding seabirds. We find, first, that prebreeders average about half of seabird populations (median 47.4%, range 11.2%–66.7%). Second, while seabird population growth is much more sensitive to adult survival than prebreeder survival, human-driven changes may shift the importance of prebreeders for future population stability. Third, lowering the breeding age is a powerful, but underexplored, route to increasing population growth. Managing prebreeders could thus play a key role in protecting seabirds. This task may require answering fundamental questions about the behavior of young birds. Broadly, we suggest that life history characteristics (e.g., breeding age) actively shape both obstacles to, and opportunities for, successful conservation.
Decoding peripheral saccade targets from foveal retinotopic cortex
Authors: Kämmer Luca , Kroell Lisa M. , Knapen Tomas , Rolfs Martin , Hebart Martin N. 
Published: February 2025

SummaryHuman vision is characterized by frequent eye movements1. This causes continuous shifts in visual input, yet visual perception appears highly stable2–4. A potential mechanism behind this stability is foveal prediction, involving feedback from higher cortical areas during saccade preparation.5,6However, it remains unknown (1) whether information is fed back to early visual areas, (2) whether feedback is specific to stimulus features, and (3) which brain regions mediate this effect. To dissociate neural processes associated with stimulus presentation from those related to foveal feedback, we designed a gaze-contingent fMRI paradigm, where saccade targets are removed before they can be foveated. To determine the content of the neural representation, we used natural images as saccade targets and independently manipulated object shape and category. Multivariate analyzes revealed reliable decoding of stimuli from foveal retinotopic areas as early as V1, even though the stimulus never appeared in the fovea. Decoding was sensitive to shape but not semantic category, indicating that only low-to-mid-level information is fed back. Cross-decoding to a control condition with foveal stimulus presentation yielded reliable decoding, indicating a similar neural representation between foveal feedback and direct stimulation. Eccentricity-dependent analyzes showed a u-shaped decoding curve, confirming that these results are not explained by spillover of peripheral activity or large receptive fields. Moreover, fluctuations in foveal decodability correlated with activity in the intraparietal sulcus, a candidate region for driving this foveal feedback. These findings go beyond trans-saccadic remapping7,8by suggesting that peripheral saccade targets are encoded in the foveal cortex in a feature-specific representation5.Highlights-Saccade targets decodable from foveal early visual areas without foveal stimulation.-Decoding accuracy is affected by stimulus shape, not semantic information.-Peripheral stimuli are foveally represented similarly to direct foveal stimuli.-Intraparietal sulcus activity is consistent with mediation of foveal feedback.
Multimodal characterization and optogenetic potential of the bistable Gi/o-coupled vertebrate ancient opsin from the flashlight fishAnomalops katoptron
Authors: Rohr Lennard , Zhornist Daniel , Bermann Ori , Ruse Christiane , Seidenthal Marius , Auger Genevieve Marie , Naber Caroline , Kirchhof Alina , Güers Caroline I. , Mark Melanie D. , Rudack Till , Soba Peter , Gottschalk Alexander , Shalev-Benami Moran , Siveke Ida , Herlitze Stefan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractVertebrate ancient long opsin, or VAL opsin, is a light-sensitive protein that is found within and outside the visual system in vertebrates. In accordance with its wide distribution in the retina, brain, testis and skin, VAL is suggested to play a role in light-dependent physiological processes that are beyond vision. However, many aspects of the physiological properties and specific functions of VAL remain unclear. Here we identified and characterized the VAL opsin from the flashlight fishAnomalops katoptron(AkVAL) and show that this opsin is bistable and reversibly converts between active and inactive states by responding to cycles of green and blue/UV lights. We further show thatAkVAL couples to the Gi/opathway and controls the activity of GIRK channels in a bistable manner. In line with this, we demonstrated thatAkVAL modulates neuronal activity in cerebellar Purkinje cells, where neuronal activity is reduced by UV/blue light and increased by green/red light illumination. In addition, upon thein vivoexpression ofAkVAL in neurons innervating body muscles ofCaenorhabditis elegansthe worm’s body movement can be bidirectionally controlled altering blue/UV and green illuminations. These data highlight the potential ofAkVAL as an optogenetic tool to control cellsin vitroandin vivo, in a bistable manner.
Designing new natural-mimetic phosphatidic acid: a versatile and innovative synthetic strategy for glycerophospholipid research
Authors: Schlichter Antoine , Wolf Alexander , Ferrand Thomas , Cocq Aurelien , Riachy Lina , Vertueux Steven , Beauvais Brice , Courvalet Marine , Henry Paul-Joël , Tanguy Emeline , Gonzales Louis , Ferlet Rémy , Laguerre Fanny , Decraene Charles , Pellissier Alexia , Sebban Muriel , Sabot Cyrille , Jeandel Lydie , Cianférani Sarah , Strub Jean-Marc , Bénard Magalie , Flon Victor , Peulon-Agasse Valérie , Cardinael Pascal , Ory Stéphane , Gasman Stéphane , Renard Pierre-Yves , Montero-Hadjadje Maïté , Vitale Nicolas , Balieu Sébastien 
Published: February 2025

AbstractGlycerophospholipids (GPLs) play important roles in cellular compartmentalization and signaling. Among them, phosphatidic acids (PA) exist as many distinct species depending on acyl chain composition, each one potentially displaying unique signaling function. Although the signaling functions of PA have already been demonstrated in multiple cellular processes, the specific roles of individual PA species remain obscure due to a lack of appropriate tools. Indeed, current synthetic PA analogues fail to preserve all the functions of natural PA. To circumvent these limitations, we developed a novel synthetic approach to produce PA analogues without compromising structural integrity of acyl chains. Moreover, addition of a clickable moiety allowed flexible grafting of different molecules to PA analogues for various biological applications. Hence, this innovation also provides powerful tools to investigate specific biological activities of individual PA species, with potential applications in unraveling complex GPL-mediated signaling pathways.
Persistent dopamine-dependent remodeling of the neural transcriptome in response to pregnancy and postpartum
Authors: Chan Jennifer C , Di Salvo Giuseppina , Cunningham Ashley M , Dutta Sohini , Brindley Elizabeth A , Wan Ethan , Zhang Cindy , Maze Ian 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARYPregnancy and postpartum experiences represent transformative physiological states that impose lasting demands on the maternal body and brain, resulting in lifelong neural adaptations. However, the precise molecular mechanisms driving these persistent alterations remain poorly understood. Here, we used brain-wide transcriptomic profiling to define the molecular landscape of parity-induced neural plasticity, identifying the dorsal hippocampus (dHpc) as a key site of transcriptional remodeling. Combining single-cell RNA sequencing with a maternal-pup separation paradigm, we additionally demonstrated that chronic postpartum stress significantly disrupts dHpc adaptations by altering dopamine dynamics, leading to dysregulated transcription, altered cellular plasticity, and impaired behavior. We further established the sufficiency of dopamine modulation in the regulation of these parity-induced adaptations via chemogenetic suppression of dopamine release into dHpc, which recapitulated key transcriptional and behavioral features of parity in virgin females. In sum, our findings establish dopamine as a central regulator of parity-induced neuroadaptations, revealing a fundamental transcriptional mechanism by which female reproductive experiences remodel the maternal brain to sustain long-term behavioral adaptations.
Linking molecular pathways and islet cell dysfunction in human type 1 diabetes
Authors: dos Santos Theodore , Dai Xiao Qing , Jones Robert C , Spigelman Aliya F , Mummey Hannah M , Ewald Jessica D , Ellis Cara E , Lyon James G , Smith Nancy , Bautista Austin , Manning Fox Jocelyn E , Neff Norm F. , Detweiler Angela , Tan Michelle , Arrojo E Drigo Rafael , Xia Jianguo , Camunas-Soler Joan , Gaulton Kyle J , Quake Stephen , MacDonald Patrick E 
Published: February 2025

SummaryType 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the autoimmune destruction of most insulin-producing β-cells, along with dysregulated glucagon secretion from pancreatic α-cells. We conducted an integrated analysis that combines electrophysiological and transcriptomic profiling, along with machine learning, of islet cells from T1D donors to investigate the mechanisms underlying their dysfunction. Surviving β-cells exhibit altered electrophysiological properties and transcriptomic signatures indicative of increased antigen presentation, metabolic reprogramming, and impaired protein translation. In α-cells, we observed hyper-responsiveness and increased exocytosis, which are associated with upregulated immune signaling, disrupted transcription factor localization and lysosome homeostasis, as well as dysregulation of mTORC1 complex signaling. Notably, key genetic risk signals for T1D were enriched in transcripts related to α-cell dysfunction, including MHC class I which were closely linked with α-cell dysfunction. Our data provide novel insights into the molecular underpinnings of islet cell dysfunction in T1D, highlighting pathways that may be leveraged to preserve residual β-cell function and modulate α-cell activity. These findings underscore the complex interplay between immune signaling, metabolic stress, and cellular identity in shaping islet cell phenotypes in T1D.HighlightsSurviving β-cells in T1D show disrupted electrical function linked to metabolic reprogramming and immune stress.Transcripts associated with α-cell dysfunction are enriched in genetic risk alleles for T1D.Upregulated MHC class I and impaired nuclear localization of key transcription factors associate with α-cell dysfunction in T1D.T1D α-cells exhibit increased hyper-activity, lysosomal imbalance and impaired mTORC1 signaling, which promotes dysregulated glucagon secretion.