bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of machine learning models within different spatial resolutions for predicting the bigeye tuna fishing grounds in tropical waters of the Atlantic Ocean
Authors: Song Liming , Li Tianlai , Zhang Tianjiao , Sui Hengshou , Li Bin , Zhang Min 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo understand the effects of the machine learning models and the spatial resolutions on the prediction accuracy of bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) fishing grounds, logbook data of 13 Chinese longliners operating in the high seas of the Atlantic Ocean from 2016 to 2019 were collected. The environmental factors were selected based on the correlation analysis of calculation of catch per unit effort (CPUE) and the marine vertical environmental factors. Five machine learning models: random forest, gradient‐boosting decision tree, K‐nearest neighbor, logistic regression and stacking ensemble learning (STK) within four spatial resolutions of .5° × .5°, 1° × 1°, 2° × 2° and 5° × 5° grids were constructed and compared. Results showed that (1) the prediction performance of STK model was the best, with the highest scores of the four evaluation indexes, accuracy (Acc), precision (P), recall (R), and F1‐score (F1), and the highest correct prediction rate for predicting “high CPUE fishing ground”; (2) models within the spatial resolution of 1° × 1° grids predicted the better results compared with .5° × .5°, 2° × 2° and 5° × 5° grids; (3) the vertical environmental factors selected based on the correlation analysis could be used as reliable predictors in the models. Results suggested that using STK within 1° × 1° grids could improve the generalization performance and prediction accuracy for predicting the bigeye tuna fishing grounds in the Atlantic Ocean.
Infectivity of the parasite Metschnikowia bicuspidata is decreased by time spent as a transmission spore, but exposure to phycotoxins in the water column has no effect
Authors: Sánchez Kristel F. , Zhong Baili , Agudelo Jorge A. , Duffy Meghan A. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Transmission from one host to another is a crucial component of parasite fitness. For some aquatic parasites, transmission occurs via a free‐living stage that spends time in the water, awaiting an encounter with a new host. These parasite transmission stages can be impacted by biotic and abiotic factors that influence the parasite's ability to successfully infect or grow in a new host.

Here we tested whether time spent in the water column and/or exposure to common cyanobacterial toxins impacted parasite transmission stages. More specifically, we tested whether the infectivity, within host growth, and virulence of the fungal parasite Metschnikowia bicuspidata changed as a result of time spent in the water or from exposure to cyanotoxins in the water column. We exposed parasite transmission spores to different levels of one of two ecologically important cyanotoxins, microcystin‐LR and anatoxin‐a, and factorially manipulated the amount of time spores were incubated in water. We removed the toxins and used those same spores to infect one genotype of the common lake zooplankton Daphnia dentifera.

We found that cyanotoxins did not impact parasite fitness (infection prevalence and spore yield per infected host) or virulence (host lifetime reproduction and survivorship) at the tested concentrations (10 and 30 μg/L). However, we found that spending longer as a transmission spore decreased a spore's chances for successful infection: spores that were only incubated for 24 hr infected approximately 75% of exposed hosts, whereas spores incubated for 10 days infected less than 50% of exposed hosts.

We also found a negative relationship between the final spore yield from infected hosts and the proportion of hosts that became infected. In treatments where spores spent longer in the water column prior to encountering a host, infection prevalence was lower (indicating lower per spore infectivity), but each infected host yielded more spores at the end of infection. We hypothesise that this pattern may result from intraspecific parasite competition within the host.

Overall, these results suggest that transmission spores of this parasite are not strongly influenced by cyanotoxins in the water column, but that other aspects of spending time in the water strongly influence parasite fitness.
Thermal tolerance of tropical and temperate alpine plants suggests that ‘mountain passes are not higher in the tropics’
Authors: Sklenář Petr , Jaramillo Ricardo , Wojtasiak Susanne Sivila , Meneses Rosa Isela , Muriel Priscilla , Klimeš Adam 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTolerance of species to extreme temperatures largely determines their distribution and vulnerability to climate change. We examined thermal tolerance in tropical and temperate alpine plants, testing the hypotheses that: (a) temperate plants are resistant to more extreme temperatures and have an overall wider thermal tolerance breadth (TTB); (b) TTB in temperate plants is wider than TTB in tropical plants during the entire growing season; (c) resistance to frost and heat varies during the season in temperate plants but not in tropical plants; (d) TTB of a species predicts its latitudinal range.LocationTropical (Ecuador, Bolivia) and temperate (USA, Austria) mountains.Time periodFour periods of the growing season (2014, 2016–2019).Major taxaNinety‐six vascular plant species.MethodsWe employed the electrolyte leakage method to estimate the temperature resistance, that is, the temperature at which 50% tissue injury (Lt50) occurs in leaves. We used phylogenetic linear mixed‐effect models in a Bayesian framework to test for differences between the plant groups.ResultsTemperate and tropical plants do not differ in their temperature resistance. The four hypotheses are rejected since: (a) temperate plants do not have significantly wider overall TTB compared to tropical plants, (b) TTB of temperate plants is wider than TTB of tropical plants only at the end of the temperate summer, (c) seasonal acclimation is observed in both plant groups, (d) the latitudinal range of the plants is not related to TTB.Main conclusionsThe lack of TTB differences between temperate and tropical alpine plants is consistent with trends observed in ectothermic animals, which suggests a general latitudinal pattern in high‐elevation poikilotherm organisms. Limited acclimation capacity to cope with long freezing exposures restricts the occurrence of tropical alpine species to thermally aseasonal environments making them particularly vulnerable to climate change.
Dialysis education and options for late presenters—An ongoing dilemma
Authors: Zhang Yimeng , Baharani Jyoti 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPre‐dialysis education forms a crucial part of dialysis preparation. Acute start dialysis patients often commence and remain on in‐center hemodialysis (ICHD) without the benefit of an informed decision making process for kidney replacement therapy options. The aim of this review is to evaluate the evidence surrounding methods of education provision to the acute dialysis start population and their associated outcomes. Publications have described a holistic education pathway with multimedia provision of information and interactive experiences. One or more trained specialist nurses provided information over 3–5 sessions. Formal education was mostly initiated as an inpatient. 86%–100% of acute start dialysis patients are initiated and remain on ICHD. Following formal education, 21%–58% of patients chose peritoneal dialysis (PD), 10%–24% home hemodialysis, 33%–58% ICHD. This brings the number of patients maintained on an independent form of dialysis similar to the planned dialysis start population. Patients commenced on PD without needing temporary hemodialysis, hence avoided complications associated with such. Patients aged under 75 (p < 0.0001) and males (p = 0.006) were more likely to be influenced by education to select PD. The adjusted 5 year survival rates among discharged patients were similar between home and ICHD groups (73% vs. 71% respectively), with a comparable age of death. A targeted education program in the acute dialysis start population has proven to be feasible. Adaptations are likely required for each center; however, various methods have been shown to be effective, with an increased number of patients choosing an independent dialysis modality when given the choice.
Evaluation of Bach1 mRNA expression in patients with chronic kidney disease: A preliminary study
Authors: Mafra Denise , Alvarenga Livia , Ribeiro Marcia , Baptista Beatriz G. , Fanton Susane , Paiva Bruna R. , Trugilho Liana , Kemp Julie Ann , Alves‐Ribeiro Marcelo , Cardozo Ludmila F. M. F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionBTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1) is a protein that antagonizes some actions of nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor‐2 (Nrf2), the master regulator of cytoprotective responses. Bach1 binds to genomic DNA and inhibits the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes, thereby increasing inflammation. Bach1 may be a therapeutic target for mitigating inflammation in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. However, no clinical study has been reported on Bach1 in this population. This study aimed to evaluate Bach1 mRNA expression with different treatments for CKD, including conservative treatment (nondialysis), hemodialysis (HD), and peritoneal dialysis (PD).MethodsTwenty patients undergoing HD (56.5 [19] years), 15 on PD (54 [24] years) and 13 nondialysis patients (63 [10] years, with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of 41 [14] mL/min/1.73 m2) were enrolled in the study. The mRNA expression of Nrf2, NF‐kB, heme oxygenase 1 (HO‐1), and Bach1 was evaluated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. Malondialdehyde (MDA) was evaluated as a lipid peroxidation marker. Routine biochemical parameters were also evaluated.FindingsAs expected, patients on dialysis were more inflamed. Bach1 mRNA expression was significantly higher in patients undergoing HD than in PD and nondialysis patients (p < 0.007). The mRNA expression of HO‐1, NF‐kB, and Nrf2 was not different in the groups.ConclusionIn conclusion, CKD patients on HD exhibited an upregulation of Bach1 mRNA expression compared to patients on PD treatment and nondialysis CKD patients. The association between Nrf2 and Bach1 expression in these patients warrants further investigation.
Optimizing decisions for post‐harvest ripening agricultural produce supply chain management: a dynamic quality‐based model
Authors: Xie Ruhe , Zhang Yuan , Luo Huqiao , Yu Peiyun , Chen Zibo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFresh agricultural produce, which is characterized by post‐harvest ripening and is required for long‐term transportation in cross‐regional trade, is commonly harvested at the unripe stage and undergoes a routine process of natural ripening followed by senescence. A model based on the dynamic quality of post‐harvest ripening agricultural produce (PRAP) was proposed to optimize decisions to improve supply chain profits. To verify its effectiveness and robustness, the model is applied to a real banana supply chain. The theoretical derivations and simulation results show that, first, the optimal retail price and presentation timing based on the model can maximize the supply chain profit. Second, the proper choice of the combination of picking maturity and preservation temperature based on the time from picking to the retailer can effectively improve the on‐shelf quality and supply chain profit. Third, supply chain management strategies for PRAP and fully ripened agricultural produce should be developed based on the different quality change characteristics of these two produce types.
Dilute iron‐doped polycrystalline strontium titanate: Tracking iron valence and local interactions
Authors: Knight Michael , Reimanis Ivar , Meyer Abigail , Preusker Jan‐Helmut , Rheinheimer Wolfgang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe mixed‐valence states of dilute Fe (0.2, 0.5, and 1.2 mol%) in bulk polycrystalline (SrTiO3) (STO) were determined. Specimens were sintered in air or O2 at 1500°C or 1300°C with the intent to quantify the relative valence states of Fe in the context of understanding microstructure development of Fe‐doped STO. Mössbauer spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, and magnetometry were combined to track changes in Fe valence, and Raman spectroscopy and X‐ray diffraction were used to describe the associated structural changes. Small concentrations of defect associates were detected, but the majority of Fe′Ti acceptors are isolated from oxygen vacancies. As doping increases, negative exchange interactions increase, consistent with an increase in the concentration of configurations. Additionally, the fraction of dopants existing as isovalent increased with of the sintering atmosphere and with total Fe content.
The Changing Discourses of EU Enlargement: A Longitudinal Analysis of National Parliamentary Debates
Authors: Economides Spyros , Featherstone Kevin , Hunter Tom 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDomestic support for EU enlargement across existing member states is understood to have shifted significantly since 2004. But, how? Here, we explore how enlargement has been framed discursively in the national parliaments of eight member states. Our dataset comprises over 18,000 statements from 1989 to 2019. We link our exploration to alternative explanations for change: IR‐based shifts in how applicant states are perceived and, from comparative politics, the ‘politicisation’ of EU membership in domestic party systems. We analyse changes in salience, sentiment and thematic foci. Our results confirm shifts in the perceptions of individual applicant states over time and an increased concern with issues of ‘identity’ in relation to enlargement. We find that whilst salience has declined, sentiment has turned negative and explore the distinctive discourses of ‘challenger parties’ in this regard.
Substrate colour guides turquoise killifish's (Nothobranchius furzeri) choice of preferred spawning habitat
Authors: Thoré Eli S. J. , Merckx Wouter 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTurquoise killifish (Nothobranchius furzeri) is a promising new model species used in biomedical and ecological laboratory experiments, and should be kept under optimal conditions to ensure fish welfare and the quality of science. While the popularity of this model species is rapidly increasing, we need to improve our understanding of how the species interacts with its environment to optimize its husbandry. Specifically, turquoise killifish are substrate spawners that bury their eggs in the sediment, which can be accommodated under captive conditions, but it is not yet known whether or not turquoise killifish have a preference for a specific sediment colour. Here, we performed a laboratory experiment in which fish could choose between white, orange and black sand for spawning, colours which are relevant in both laboratory and field conditions. We assessed their preference in the context of single breeding pairs, as well as in a social group setting. Additionally, we also assessed the preference of individuals for a white versus black background in a nonmating context. Single breeding pairs deposited over 3.5 times more eggs in black compared to orange or white sand. Similarly, fish in social groups deposited over 3.5 times more eggs in black compared to orange sand, which in turn was over two times higher than that in white sand. Fish showed a slight preference for the black compared to the white zone in a nonmating context, but this did not correlate with substrate choice during the spawning tests. The results suggest that turquoise killifish select their preferred spawning location based on the colour of the substrate. These findings contribute to our understanding of the species' biology and can help to guide good welfare and scientific practice.
A method for measuring dielectric relaxation of water by NIR spectroscopy: Applicability and application to measurement of water diffusion coefficient
Authors: Zhang Junkai , Matsuura Hiroaki , Shirakashi Ryo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDeterioration of biomaterial is subject to the interaction between biomolecules and water, which is often of special interest to the realization of long‐term preservation. In previous study, we reported the relationship between dielectric rotational relaxation time and the ν2 + ν3 NIR combination band of water as well as the theory behind it using saccharide solutions as examples and proposed a method accordingly which takes advantages of the infrared microscope to measure the dielectric relaxation time of water in biomaterials. In this work, we examined protein, polypeptide, sugar alcohol and some shelf‐stable vegetables to further discuss its applicability and limit. We also proved that this method can be used for measuring water diffusion coefficient and showed example of how the diffusion coefficient can be used to predict water distribution during drying process at a significantly enhanced spatial resolution relative to other techniques.Practical applicationsMolecular mobility of water determines many properties of biomaterials and can be characterized by different spectroscopies. This paper examined the applicability of a method of calculating the dielectric relaxation time of water using NIR spectrum on different solutions and proved that this method may also be used for calculating the diffusion coefficient of water, a parameter subject to molecular mobility and crucial in the drying process. This paper also provided example of the application of this method in the calculation of water distribution during drying process. The high spatial resolution of infrared microscope relative to other techniques may enable the measurement of water dynamics in biomaterials in a much quicker way and smaller scale.
Association between combined spinal‐epidural analgesia and neurodevelopment at 3 years old: The Japan Environment and Children's Study
Authors: Noda Masahiro , Yoshida Satomi , Kawakami Chihiro , Takeuchi Masato , Kawakami Koji , Ito Shuichi ,   Japan Environment and Children's Study Group
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimTo investigate the association between maternal combined spinal‐epidural analgesia during vaginal delivery and neurodevelopment in 3‐year‐old children.MethodsUsing data from the Japan Environment and Children's Study, a birth cohort study on pregnant women and their offspring, we described the background, perinatal outcomes, and neurodevelopmental outcomes of participants with a singleton pregnancy who received combined spinal‐epidural analgesia during vaginal delivery and those who did not. The association between maternal combined spinal‐epidural analgesia and abnormalities in five domains of the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Third Edition, was analyzed using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses. Crude and adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated.ResultsAmong 59 379 participants, 82 (0.1%) children (exposed group) were born to mothers who received combined spinal‐epidural analgesia during vaginal delivery. In the exposed versus control groups, 1.2% versus 3.7% had communication abnormalities (adjusted odds ratio [95% CI]: 0.30 [0.04–2.19]), 6.1% versus 4.1% exhibited gross‐motor abnormalities (1.36 [95% CI: 0.55–3.36]), 10.9% vs. 7.1% had fine‐motor abnormalities (1.46 [95% CI: 0.72–2.96]), 6.1% vs. 6.9% showed difficulties with problem‐solving (0.81 [95% CI: 0.33–2.01]), and 2.4% vs. 3.0% had personal‐social problems (0.70 [95% CI: 0.17–2.85]).ConclusionsExposure to combined spinal‐epidural analgesia during vaginal delivery was not associated with the risk of neurodevelopmental abnormalities; however, the sample size of our study might not be appropriate for the study design.
Effectiveness of teach‐back for chronic kidney disease patient education: A systematic review
Authors: M. H. Jagodage Hemamali , McGuire Amanda , Seib Charrlotte , Bonner Ann 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundEducation is an essential component in optimising chronic disease self‐management. Teach‐back is a robust approach in patient education, which is suitable for varying health literacy although its effectiveness in chronic kidney disease patient education is unknown.ObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of teach‐back method in health education for improving self‐management and adherence to treatment regimens in chronic kidney disease.DesignSystematic review.ParticipantsAdults with any chronic kidney disease grade or treatment modality.MeasurementsA comprehensive search was undertaken in MEDLINE, CINHAL, EMBASE, Cochrane library, PsychINFO, Web of Science, ERIC, JBI library and WHO International Clinical Trial Registry to identify published studies from September 2013 to December 2022. The methodological quality of studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines.ResultsSix studies involving 520 participants were retrieved for this review. A meta‐analysis could not be conducted due to substantial heterogeneity between studies. Nevertheless, there was some evidence that teach‐back could improve self‐management, self‐efficacy and knowledge. There was limited evidence on improvement in psychological outcomes or health‐related quality of life.ConclusionTeach‐back seems to improve both objective and patient‐reported outcomes, although further studies are needed. Using teach‐back can improve both understanding of health information and the development of skills. Kidney care teams could use teach‐back for all patients as it takes account of varying patient health literacy abilities. Teach‐back assists with communicating important health information to improve patients' knowledge, confidence and skills in self‐managing this disease and its treatment.
Captivity induces a sweeping and sustained genomic response in a starfish
Authors: Morin Marie , Jönsson Mathias , Wang Conan K. , Craik David J. , Degnan Sandie M. , Degnan Bernard M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMarine animals in the wild are often difficult to access, so they are studied in captivity. However, the implicit assumption that physiological processes of animals in artificial environments are not different from those in the wild has rarely been tested. Here, we investigate the extent to which an animal is impacted by captivity by comparing global gene expression in wild and captive crown‐of‐thorns starfish (COTS). In a preliminary analysis, we compared transcriptomes of three external tissues obtained from multiple wild COTS with a single captive COTS maintained in aquaria for at least 1 week. On average, an astonishingly large 24% of the coding sequences in the genome were differentially expressed. This led us to conduct a replicated experiment to test more comprehensively the impact of captivity on gene expression. Specifically, a comparison of 13 wild with 8 captive COTS coelomocyte transcriptomes revealed significant differences in the expression of 20% of coding sequences. Coelomocyte transcriptomes in captive COTS remain different from those in wild COTS for more than 30 days and show no indication of reverting back to a wild state (i.e. no evidence of acclimation). Genes upregulated in captivity include those involved in oxidative stress and energy metabolism, whereas genes downregulated are involved in cell signalling. These changes in gene expression indicate that being translocated and maintained in captivity has a marked impact on the physiology and health of these echinoderms. This study suggests that caution should be exercised when extrapolating results from captive aquatic invertebrates to their wild counterparts.