bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of molecular functionalization in carbon nanotube and graphene nanoribbon based atomic scale sensors
Authors: Bhat Manasa , Neeharika Manne Muddu , Ghosh Kaustab 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Advancement in fabrication technologies has led to the possibility for synthesizing atomic scale structures of graphene nanoribbon (GNR) and carbon nanotube (CNT). The purpose of this paper is to model the electronic property and electrical characteristics of these structures by atomistic modelling using non-equilibrium Green’s function (NEGF) and compare the effect of molecular functionalization and sensing. Within drain to source bias voltage of 1 Volts, armchair configuration based GNR (AGNR) is not found to be sensitive to functionalized molecule with lesser alteration in the density of states (DoS) and transmission spectra. Rolling of the AGNR into armchair CNT (ACNT) makes the performance worse and more insensitive. However, changing the configuration of GNR from armchair to zigzag shows remarkable alteration in the DoS and transmission spectra and significant improvement in sensitivity. This improves further on rolling the zigzag GNR (ZGNR) to zigzag CNT (ZCNT). However, this variation in sensitivity is found to fall with increase in width to length (W/L) ratio of the nanostructures. This specifies the importance of smaller atomic structures and the work provides a guideline for effectively utilization these structures for bio and chemosensing.
Bilateral RNFL thickness reduction in a 9 year old myopic boy suffering from unilateral optic neuritis
Authors: Zhao Fangfang , Yao Shi-Qi , Wang Yun , Li Taiping , Yang Jianfeng , Pang ChiPui , Cen Ling-Ping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The loss of the retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) could be caused by myopia and optic neuritis. We described a 9-year-old boy with optic neuritis in the right eye, pseudopapilledema in the left eye, and moderate myopia in both eyes. His best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was no light perception (NLP) in the right eye and 1.0 (logarithmic visual acuity chart) in the left eye. On steroid pulse therapy, vison of his right eye recovered. The RNFL thickness of both eyes and average macular ganglion cell (mGCL) thickness of the left eye was reduced in a 16-month follow-up. We speculated that apart from the myopic influence, optic neuritis might directly affect the RNFL thickness in the right eye and indirectly influence the RNFL and mGCL thickness in the left eye due to contralateral effect.
Who drives carbon emissions and what emission reduction potential in the resource curse agglomeration: a case of Xinjiang
Authors: Gu Kuiying , Yan Min , Dou Pengyue , Zhao Liang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The primary problem in achieving carbon emission reduction and carbon peak is to identify the key driving factors and emission reduction potential of the industrial sector, especially in resource-cursed regions like Xinjiang. This study aimed to explore the key driving factors and abatement potential of carbon emissions based on the "energy-environment-economy" hybrid input-output model of Xinjiang during 1997-2017. The result showed that: (1)Industrial carbon emissions have experienced three stages: slow growth-rapid growth-stable growth. (2)Demand change effect and energy intensity effect were the determinants of industrial carbon emission change; Capital formation and domestic trade were the biggest drivers of carbon emissions growth, and the driving force of imports in international trade increased gradually over time. (3) The coal-based energy structure was both the biggest obstacle and the best entry point in carbon emission reduction. (4) Of the 28 key industry sectors, heavy industry including the production and supply of electricity and heat (S22), petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing (S11), chemical industry (S12), metal smelting and rolling (S14), and energy industries had the greatest potential for carbon reduction. The research findings provide scientific decision-making reference for Xinjiang to accurately grasp the carbon emission reduction potential of the industry and formulate a targeted carbon peak action plan.
Soil mineral nitrogen, soil urease activity, nitrogen losses and nitrogen footprint under machine-planted rice with side-deep fertilization
Authors: Peng Jianwei , Zhong Xuemei , Zhou Xuan , Luo Gongwen , Huang Ying , Wu Yuanfan , Cao Ruliang , Tian Chang 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Reduction of the nitrogen (N) footprint of agroecosystems is currently a hot topic in various research disciplines and fields. However, the effect of machine-plantedrice with side-deep fertilization (MRSF) on nitrogen loss and footprint of double-cropping rice fields in Hunan is still unclear. Here, we established a field experiment in which we applied various N compositions (N 135/148.5–90/99 kg ha− 1) to early-season rice (ESR) and late-season rice (LSR). The loss of different N forms during the whole growth period of double cropping rice was measured. The N footprint of double cropping rice in red soil region of South China was calculated by using life cycle assessment method. Compared with the conventional fertilizer (CF; N 150/165 kg ha− 1) treatment, the MRSF treatments significantly reduced NH4+-N and NO3−-N runoff by 26.2–40.9% and 9.0–36.5%, respectively, for ESR, and by 54.4–79.0% and 6.6–40.7%, respectively, for LSR. Moreover, relative to the CF treatment, the MRSF treatments significantly reduced leaching loss by 21.8–41.2% and 20.5–42.1%, respectively, for ESR, and 26.7–41.8% and 20.9–51.0%, respectively, for LSR. While urease activity decreased with increasing soil depth, MRSF treatments increased relative soil urease activity in the later stages of rice growth. Compared with the CF treatment, they also decreased the total N footprint by 42.3–53.5% and 45.1–57.1% for ESR and LSR, respectively. Correlation analysis further showed that mineral N loss and total N footprint increased exponentially with the N-application rate under the MRSF strategy. Overall, MRSF was found to reduce environmental risks associated with N loss caused by paddy field leaching and runoff while maintaining the topsoil N content. In this manner, MRSF can attenuate the total N footprint of double-cropping rice systems in Southern China.
PacBio next-generation sequencing uncovers Apicomplexa diversity in different habitats
Authors: Gad Mahmoud , Fawzy Mariam E. , Al-Herrawy Ahmad Z. , Abdo Sayeda M. , Nabet Noura , Hu Anyi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The phylum Apicomplexacomprises a large group of protozoan organisms that are obligatory intracellular parasites and can infect various vertebrate and invertebrate hosts, leading to several significant medical and veterinary pathologies, including toxoplasmosis, cryptosporidiosis, theileriosis and eimeriosis. However, information on their diversity and distribution in nature is still limited, particularly in rivers. To address this gap, the study employed next-generation high-throughput 18S rRNA amplicon sequencing based on PacBio technology to determine the diversity and composition of the microeukaryotic parasitic taxa group (i.e., Apicomplexa). Principal component analysis (PCA) and principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) indicated the habitat heterogeneity for the physicochemical parameters and the Apicomplexa community. These results were supported by PERMANOVA (P < 0.001), ANOSIM (P < 0.001), Cluster analysis, and Venn diagram. Dominant apicomplexan parasites in inlet samples were Gregarina (38.54%), Cryptosporidium (32.29%), and Leidyana (11.90%). Outlet samples had Babesia, Cryptosporidium, and Theileria as dominant groups. Surface water samples had Toxoplasma(16%) and a lower relative abundance of Cryptosporidium (8.33%). The next-generation high throughput sequencing covered a wide range of parasites in Egypt for the first time to our knowledge, which could be useful for legislation of the standards for drinking water and wastewater reuse.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Patients’ Preferences on Riluzole Treatment in Europe
Authors: Ludolph Albert , Grandjean Harish , Reviers Evy , Cardosi Leonardo , Russ Hermann , Silani Vincenzo 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The Patient Preference Study aims to understand unmet needs related to riluzole management in patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and which characteristics of a newly formulated product could better match their preferences. The survey involved 117 patients treated with riluzole, in four European countries. The dysphagic patients were least satisfied with both riluzole tablet and oral suspension and with ease in self-administration; up to 61% of respondents postponed or missed the treatment, due to swallowing difficulties and need for assistance. Overall, 56% of tablet and 53% of oral suspension users regularly crushed or mix riluzole with beverages, respectively; patients that always manipulate riluzole showed low patient satisfaction with the formulation and considered the risk of choking and pneumonia the most worrisome events. The study evaluated the driver factors in choosing/switching the therapy: 97% of ALS patients declared a low risk of choking. The study finally evaluated the level of preference of attributes of a new product: the most relevant were ease in use (4.3/5), convenient/portable packaging (4.0/5) and oral-dissolving properties without tongue motility (3.9/5). The Patient Preference Study suggests that patients have several unmet needs and preferences that could be addressed by new products, e.g. oral film technologies.
Developing a depression care model for the hill tribes: a family and community-based participatory research
Authors: Singkhorn Onnalin , Hamtanon Pawadee , Moonpanane Katemanee , Pitchalard Khanittha , Sunsern Rachanee , Leaungsomnapa Yosapon , Phokhwang Chananan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background A high prevalence of depression has been detected among individuals from the hill tribes in Thailand. However, there is no proper intervention to improve this problem. Using a community-based participatory research (CBPR) design, the study team developed a model of depression care for this population.Methods This study involved 45 people in the model development and 65 people in the model testing, who were patients, family members, Village Health Volunteers (VHVs), community and religion leaders, healthcare personnel, NGOs, and local administrative staff. The model development was divided into three phases: understanding the current situation of depression and care, model development, and evaluation of its effectiveness using psychological and relevant outcomes. Questionnaires, observations, focus groups, and in-depth interviews were used. Content analysis was used for qualitative data. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to analyze changes in VHVs knowledge and skills before and after training.Results The resulting model, ‘SMILE’, consisted of stakeholder's readiness (S), external and internal motivation (M), interpersonal relationship (I), life and community assets (L), and empowerment (E). VHVs were trained on the model. After training, VHV’s knowledge has increased from 3.50 ± 1.14 to 8.28 ± 0.81 (p < 0.001), and basic counselling and depression screening skills improved from 3.39 ± 1.23 to 7.64 ± 3.76 (p < 0.001).Conclusion The developed model can be applied to other hill tribe communities in northern Thailand to improve depression care.
Identifying circRNA-associated-ceRNA networks in juvenile spondyloarthropathies patients.
Authors: Wei Qijiao , Li Sun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Juvenile spondyloarthropathies (JSpA) are defined as a heterogeneous group of diseases that start before the age of 16. The study aimed to identify key genes and pathways that are influenced by circRNAs and to screen potential therapeutic agents for JSpA. The study likely involved the analysis of circRNA expression profiles, identification of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks, and functional annotation of differentially expressed genes. The results of the study may have provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying JSpA and potential therapeutic targets for this disease.Methods In this study, sequencing data of circRNA, miRNA, and mRNA were obtained from the GEO datasets. The data were then analyzed to identify candidates for constructing a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network based on circRNA-miRNA interactions and miRNA-mRNA interactions. Functional enrichments of genes were performed using the DAVID database. A PPI network was constructed using the STRING database and visualized using Cytoscape software. The MCODE plugin app was used to explore hub genes in the PPI network. The expression changes in immune cells were assessed using the online CIBERSORT algorithm to obtain the proportion of various types of immune cells. Finally, the Connectivity Map L1000 platform was used to identify potential agents for JSpA treatment. Overall, this study aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying JSpA and to identify potential therapeutic agents for this disease.Results A total of 225 differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcircRNAs), 23 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) and 1324 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) were identified. We integrated 5 overlapped circRNAs, 7 miRNAs and 299 target mRNAs into a circRNA–miRNA–mRNA network. We next identified 10 hub genes based on the PPI network. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that the DEGs were mainly associated with JAK-STAT signal pathway. We found that neutrophils accounted for the majority of all infiltrating cells. In addition, we discovered several chemicals as potential treatment options for JSpA.Conclusions Through this bioinformatics analysis, we suggest a regulatory role for circRNAs in the pathogenesis and treatment of JSpA from the view of a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Anaemia Among Women of Reproductive Age in a Ghanaian University
Authors: Tandoh Marina Aferiba , Agyemang Winifred Opoku , Brago Emmanuella Takyi , Attu Samuel Selorm , Domfeh Asare Emmanuel 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background Anaemia is a clinical condition that results in the reduction of haemoglobin levels in the body and affects 33% of women of reproductive age worldwide (about 613 million women between 15 and 49 years of age). In Ghana, the occurrence of anaemia is reported to be 66% in children between the ages of 6 and 59 months, and 42% among women of reproductive age. This study determined the prevalence and risk factors of anaemia among women of reproductive age at a Ghanaian University.Method Two hundred and six non-pregnant women, aged 15–40years, randomly selected from Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana, participated in this cross-sectional study. Selected socio-demographics, anthropometrics and information on monthly blood flow (menstruation), awareness of anaemia, and dietary diversity scores were collected. Haemoglobin (Hb) concentration, oxygen saturation levels and malaria infection status were determined. The relationship between these independent variables and the anaemia status of the study participants was assessed using bivariate analysis.Results The overall anaemia prevalence was 67.5%, and the prevalence of mild, moderate and severe anaemia was 35.4%, 26.7% and 5.3%, respectively. The participants' dietary diversity score was 56.8% and more than half (57.8%) had normal body mass index (18- 24.9 kg/m2). There was no significant association between body mass index (p = 0.430), dietary diversity score (p = 0.711), oxygen saturation level (p = 0.761) and anemia. However, monthly blood loss significantly contributed to anaemia (p = 0.047).Conclusion This study has highlighted the high prevalence of anaemia among reproductive-age women. Body mass index, dietary diversity score and oxygen saturation level were not potential risk factors associated with anaemia. However, monthly blood loss was associated with anaemia. Due to the adverse consequences of anaemia on the health of reproductive women, proper interventions such as regular supplementations of the diet with iron and folate can be included to replenish the blood loss.
Clinical efficacy of bioactive restorative materials in controlling secondary caries: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Pinto Noeleni Souza , Jorge Gabriela Rebouças , Vasconcelos Jader , Probst Livia Fernandes , De-Carli Alessandro Diogo , Freire Andrea 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background: This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to compare the clinical efficacy of bioactive and conventional restorative materials in controlling secondary caries (SC) and to provide a classification of these materials according to their effectiveness.
Methods: A search was performed in Pubmed, Web of Science, Embase, BBO, Lilacs, Cochrane Library, Scopus, IBECS and gray literature. Clinical trials were included, with no language or publication date limitations. Paired and network meta-analyses were performed with random-effects models, comparing treatments of interest and classifying them according to effectiveness in the permanent and deciduous dentition and at 1-year or 2/more years of follow-up. The risk of bias was evaluated based on the Cochrane guidelines.
Results: Sixty-two studies were included in the qualitative syntheses and 39 in the quantitative ones. In permanent teeth, resin composite (RC) (RR=2.00; 95%CI = 1.10, 3.64) and amalgam (AAG) (RR=1.79; 95%CI = 1.04, 3.09) showed a higher risk of SC than Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC). In the deciduous teeth, however, a higher risk of SC was observed with RC than with AAG (RR=2.46; 95%CI = 1.42, 4.27) and in GIC when compared to Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement (RMGIC=1.79; 95%CI = 1.04, 3.09). Most articles showed low or moderate risk of bias.
Conclusion: There is a difference between bioactive restorative materials for SC control, with GIC being more effective in the permanent teeth and the RMGIC in the deciduous teeth. Bioactive restorative materials can be adjuvants in the control of SC in patients at high risk for caries.
Evaluation of A Standard Handover Tool at A Pediatric Tertiary Care Unit in Oman
Authors: Riyami Hilal Al , Al-Makhmari Sharifa , Balushi Sarah Al , abri Saif Al , Jabri Majid Al 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background The handover system is a great communication tool used by physicians to transfer and receive patients’ care-related information. The introduction of structured handover tools has resulted in a dramatic reduction in hospital-acquired injury and death cases. We hypothesize that the I-PASS handover tool will improve both written and verbal communication without compromising the duration of the handover. The current study aims to improve the quality of care and patient safety by evaluating the applicability of I-PASS handover in the Child Health Department at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Oman.Results A total of twenty trainees were enrolled in this study. After the implementation of I-PASS, 70% (14/20) of the respondents thought that the handover was well-structured, compared to 30% (6/20) prior to the implementation of I-PASS (P = .003). Due to I-PASS, about 80% of the participants could identify deteriorating patients and around 60% were confident in addressing emergencies. The I-PASS handover technique has raised participants’ satisfaction from 80–95%. Before I-PASS, the mean adherence rate across all 10 variables was 28.7/50 (57.4%), compared to post I-PASS rate of 47/ 50 (94%).Conclusion The I-PASS system is a feasible and flexible clinical handover tool. This study showed that I-PASS has improved on-call handovers and patient safety.
Super Efficiency and Sensitivity Analysis of the Indian Hotels and Restaurants
Authors: Sharma Neha , Mogha Sandeep Kumar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Over the course of COVID-19, the global growth of the hospitality and restaurant (H&Rs) sector has declined. During this difficult period, this sector's overall performance declined. As a result, this industry must adopt fresh approaches to seize the potential and overcome the obstacles at this pivotal moment. One of these difficulties is figuring out how to evaluate H&Rs' effectiveness using a variety of factors. This study evaluates the performance of 45 significant H&R businesses operating in India using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method. The Basic DEA models usually do not disclose the improvement in the capability of different DMUs as these models calculate only radial efficiency. In this paper, the New Slack Model (NSM) of DEA has been employed to examine the efficiency of the different 45 large-scale Indian Hotels and Restaurants (H&Rs). The NSM model cognate the input and output slacks straight away. In this study, four inputs: Capital employed, Gross fixed assets, Current assets, and Operating costs, and two outputs: Operating income and Profit before depreciation, interest, and tax (PBDIT) are considered. The data for the study has been collected from the Prowess database of the Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy (CMIE). The study indicates that only 65.58% of H&R are technically efficient which shows that some resources are unutilized and therefore there is a huge scope for an upswing. To validate the stability of results sensitivity analysis is also carried out.
Improvement of the stability of the electricity network of the Republic of Congo by PSS and STATCOM controllers
Authors: MIMIESSE Mavie Grace , GOGOM Mathurin , LILONGA Désiré 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
PSS power stabilizers are one of the most common ways to improve the stability of electrical networks. In addition, FACTS control devices, thanks to their flexibility and their fast response times, can be used in addition to power stabilizers. In this paper, we investigated the stability of the power grid of the Republic of Congo using Lyapunov's first method based on the eigenvalue analysis of the power grid state matrix. We have shown in this article the contribution of PSS-STATCOM controllers in improving the stability of the RC electrical network. Finally the factor of participation, highlighted the modes of critical oscillations associated with the generators.