bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Xihuang Pill regulates Ferroptosis-Related Genes, contributing to improved prognosis of Breast Cancer
Authors: Li Dehui , Liu Xukuo , Li Tiegang , Wang Guanjun , Mu Chenglin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The natural compound Xihuang Pill (XHP) has an anti-cancer effect and was effective for breast cancer (BrCa) prevention and treatment. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect remain poorly characterized. Here, we searched the ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) regulated by XHP using the HERB and FerrDb databases, and extracted the FRGs' data on expression and pertinent clinical data by way of the TCGA dataset. A single-factor Cox regression analysis was used to confirm FRGs associated with prognosis, and LASSO Cox regression analysis was used for prognostic model building. We then constructed a prognostic model and assessed it based on Kaplan-Meier survival curves and ROC curves. Next, we applied GO, KEGG, and ssGSEA analyses to further investigate FRGs' functions and potential mechanisms. We discovered that eight FRGs from the XHP targets were associated with a higher likelihood of survival. The prognostic model formed by eight genes also possessed good prognostic ability, and the risk score could be a separate risk factor for the BrCa prognosis. The GO, KEGG, and ssGSEA analyses showed risk score-related genes were associated with immune-related activities. Molecular docking showed that quercetin and beta-sitosterol as XHP's active ingredients are effective and promising agents for the treatment of BrCa. Our results provided insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms by which XHP improves BrCa patient prognosis; quercetin and beta-sitosterol may provide a new road for anti-BrCa natural products.
Correlation, clinicopathological and imaging analysis of radial scar and breast cancer
Authors: Hua Zhipeng , Mao Hehui , He Zesheng , Hong Sijie , Ding Yaling 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
To analyze the imaging and clinicopathological manifestations of radial scars, and to evaluate the pathological escalation rate.
Methods
A retrospective analysis of 63 cases of breast biopsy with radioactive scar in the Breast Surgery Department of Xiamen Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 1, 2011 to January 1, 2016, 34 patients underwent further surgical resection after puncture; 29 patients did not undergo surgery after puncture, and these patients were followed up. Radiographic, clinical, and pathological findings were statistically analyzed and escalation rates were calculated.
Results
Of the 63 RS cases, 34 (54%) underwent routine surgical resection. In the surgical resection group, 2 (5.9%) cases were pathologically upgraded to malignant after operation. Twenty-nine (46%) cases underwent follow-up observation, and 1 (3.4%) case was upgraded to malignant. Compared with the observation group, the age of onset, menopausal status, smoking, family history of breast cancer, symptoms, ultrasound lesion diameter, ultrasound and mammography BI-RADS grade were not statistically significant between the surgical resection group and the observation group (all P > 0.05). The incidence of high-risk lesions of radial scar in the surgical resection group was significantly higher than that in the observation group (P = 0.02).
Conclusions
The escalation rate of malignant lesions in RS is low, and surgical resection is recommended when needle biopsy is associated with high-risk breast lesions.
Total Cost of Ownership as a Sustainability Indicator to Evaluate Environmental and Economic Performance of Sustainable Lightweight Vehicles
Authors: Moawad Karim A. , Hummieda Ammar , Mayyas Ahmad T. , Stace Roger , Amer Saed , Omar Mohammed A. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The adoption of new vehicle technologies such as electric vehicles and fuel cell electric vehicles has put more pressure on gasoline vehicles to become more efficient and eco-friendly. Many future buyers find themselves in a grey area and may be unsure what drivetrain saves them the most over the long run. In this paper, we will unveil the total cost of ownership (TCO) for several mid-size sedan cars including conventional gasoline-powered cars, and electric vehicles (xEV) with an autobody that is made from lightweight materials (steel, AHSS, aluminum, magnesium, GFRP, and CFRP). The developed TCO model in this study helps unveil the cost associated with owning lightweight vehicles with different drivetrains using unbiased analysis of the vehicle’s total life from cradle to grave and fuel lifecycle from well to wheel. From the TCO perspective, hybrid electric vehicles seem to be the most competitive drivetrain if we use the U.S. national average numbers. TCO results vary in each state depending on the source of the electricity, the social cost of carbon, and the average driven mile in that state. Comparison between different lightweight materials shows that vehicles made from AHSS can easily break even with vehicles made from conventional dual-phase steel. Saved weight will reduce energy consumption in the vehicles’ use phase and reduce amounts of GHG emissions, without a noticeable increase in maintenance and insurance costs. However, other lightweight materials seem far from being able to breakeven with conventional dual-phase steel unless we can see higher prices of gasoline and electricity.
Biosynthesis of trialkyl-substituted aromatic polyketide NFAT-133 involves unusual aromatization-mediating P450 monooxygenase and metallo-beta- lactamase fold thioesterase
Authors: Yang Ming , Li Wanlu , Zhou Lin , Lin Xiao , Zhang Wenyu , Shen Yaoyao , Deng Hai , Lin Hou-wen , Zhou Yongjun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground The bacterial trialkyl-substituted aromatic polyketides are biosynthetically unique due to the unusual P450 monooxygenase-mediated aromatic core formation in the polyketide chains offloaded from type I polyketide synthase (PKS). As the representatives, TM-123 (1), veramycin A (2), NFAT-133 (3), and benwamycin I (4) were discovered from severalStreptomycesspecies and they were characterized with antidiabetic and immunosuppressant activities. Though the biosynthesis of1 − 3were verified to be directed by the NFAT-133 biosynthetic gene cluster (nftBGC), it remains a mystery how3was generated during the biosynthesis. Results The biosynthesis of compounds1 − 4was verified to be directed by a cognatenftBGC inStreptomyces conglobatus. The PKS assembly logic of1 − 4was revised according to site-mutagenetic analysis of three PKS dehydratase domains. Gene deletion and mutant complementation of the five genes innftBGC confirmed two essential genes of P450 monooxygenasenftE1and metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL) fold hydrolasenftF1. Deletion ofnftE1led to abolishment of1 − 4and accumulation of four new products (5 − 8). Structural elucidation reveals5 − 8as the non-aromatic analogs of1. Deletion ofnftF1gene resulted in disappearance of3and4, while the production of1and2was not interrupted. Protein sequence analysis and structure-modeling by AlphaFold2 indicate that NftF1is a MBL fold hydrolase. In vivo site-directed mutagenesis allowed identification of eight key residues in its active sites. Conclusion The PKS assembly logic ofnftBGC is revised according to site-directed mutagenetic analysis. The benzene core of1 − 4should be formed through a NftE1-catalyzed oxidative-aromatization on the polyene chains offloaded from PKS. NftF1should serve as a trans-acting thioesterase (TE) to mediate a premature chain-offloading from ACP7 to yield the nascent chain of compound3. The key residues in the predicted active site of NftE1were identified byin vivosite-directed mutations. Though the NftE1homologs are widespread in type II PKSs, their functions are underexplored. As far as we know, NftE1should represent the first MBL fold TE discovered from type I PKS.
Waste disposal processes and landfill management in Late Bronze Age inner periphery of the central Europe: Březnice settlement site (South Bohemia)
Authors: Šálková Tereza , Budilová Kristýna , Kovárník Jaromír , Majer Antonín , Novák Jan , Pavelka Jaroslav , Strouhalová Barbora , Vobejda Libor , Šťastný Ondřej , Kuna Martin , Chvojka Ondřej 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Waste disposal processes and landfill management are crucial subjects in the field of settlement archaeology. Our study is focused on the reconstruction of the community economy in the context of the Late Bronze Age; understanding the processes that led to the filling of these features; reconstruction of the recycling system of building materials (daub and wood) and the waste management. These research questions were addressed based on plant macroremains, charcoals, phytoliths, starch, micromorphology, phosphates and magnetic volume susceptibility. The results showed the waste character of features infills which reflected specific economy and habitats around the single households. The composition of the archaeobotanical assemblages was not determined by the type of feature, however similarities in the plant spectra could often be observed in the infill of features that were located close to each other. Charred remains of firewood inside the assemblages, also contained a proportion of burnt oak structures. The remains of various parts of uncharred plants were detected by phytolith and starch analyses. Animal proteins detected the presence of livestock meat and dung. Anomalies in soil phosphate contained different amounts of organic matter in single features. Magnetic susceptibility measurements showed that the features were backfilled in a one-time event. Sedimentological analysis showed that the infills of the different types of features were similar, but only the infills of the trenches were compacted, unlike the other features.
Challenges in surgical management of neutropenic enterocolitis in pediatric cancer patients
Authors: Ahmed Gehad , Refaat Ahmed , Eltagy Gamal , Shalaby Lobna , Raafat Tarek Ahmed , Younes Alaa 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Neutropenic enterocolitis (NE) affects immunocompromised patients with incidence ranging from 2.6% to 11.6%. The pathogenesis of NE is poorly understood. The recommended treatment is highly controversial, with some suggesting supportive care and others advocating surgery. The present study intended to characterize the outcome, prognostic factors and indications of surgery among those patients
PATIENTS AND METHODS
This is a retropective cohort observational study conducted during January 2019–2022 on patients aged <18 years with NE. Conservative management was initially started and surgical interventions were done after the failure of conservation.
RESULTS
Among 5736 patients diagnosed with malignant diseases, 171 patients (3%) developed NE, of them 33 required surgical intervention. Patients with bowel wall thickness <10 mm, isolated drug-resistant organisms, and multifocal distribution were associated with failure of conservative management.
deterioration on maximum supportive measures (70%, n = 23), was the most common indication for surgery. The overall 30-day mortality was 18%. The mortality rate in the surgery and conservative arms were 39% and 10% respectively (p = <0.001). Factors associated with higher mortality in all groups were: Drug-resistant blood cultures and multifocal distribution. Vasopressors showed higher mortality in the surgery group (p = 0.003). The bowel wall thickness of >10 mm was associated with higher mortality in the whole (p = 0.001) and conservative groups (p = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
Most patients with NE respond to conservative management. Deterioration in maximum supportive care is the most common indication for surgery. positive blood culture, multifocal distribution, vasopressors and bowel wall thickness of >10 mm were associated with higher mortality.
Coordinated nasal mucosa-mediated immunity accelerates recovery from COVID-19
Authors: Cass Steven , Nicolau Dan , Baker Jonathan , Mwasuku Christine , Ramakrishnan Sanjay , Mahdi Mahdi , Barnes Peter , Donnelly Louise , Martinez-Nunez Rocio T. , Russell Richard , Bafadhel Mona 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Viral infection due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induce a dynamic immune environment. Using nasal mucosal samples in 139 participants from the STOIC study (community-based randomised clinical trial for the use of budesonide in early onset SARS-CoV-2, NCT04416399), we applied predefined immune mediator nodes in relation to clinical outcomes and viral burden. Interferon- and chemokine-dominant nodes increased expression as compared to health, validating our modular approach. Next, we demonstrated that an increase in mucosal immunity-like node consisting of CCL13, CCL17, IL-33, among others was associated with a mean 3.7-day quicker recovery with no primary outcome events, irrespective of treatment arm. By day 14 the mucosal node divided into two daughter nodes linked to interferon molecules and was transcriptionally detectable in nasal cavity basal, hillock and ciliated cells (as per public single cell dataset EGAD00001007718). Our data suggest mucosal-associated mediators are key for early symptom resolution of SARS-CoV-2.
Study of Alfalfa Leaf Proteome Response Under Biological Stress Conditions Caused by Alfalfa Leaf Weevil (Hypera Postica Gell.) Feeding Using Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis, Isoelectric Focusing and Two-dimensional Electrophoresis
Authors: KAKAEI Mehdi , kakaei mehdi , MAZAHERI-LAGHAB Hojjatollah , mostafaie Ali 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Alfalfa is an important forage plant. Alfalfa leaf Weevil (Hypera postica Gell.) is considered a first-class pest of this plant, which causes a lot of damage every year, especially to the first layer of this plant. Knowledge about initial molecular signaling and proteins associated with sensing the damage of pests, especially the weevil pest in the alfalfa plant in among crop plants is limited. In this study, an attempt has been made to investigate the overall protein expression pattern of the leaf of this plant in response to the stress caused by the alfalfa leaf weevil (Hypera postica Gell.) using the proteomics technique, to take a step in investigating the resistance mechanisms of this plant to the aforementioned pest. For this purpose, a sample of stress (under pest feeding) and non-stress stage (Control) was obtained under the same growth conditions. In order to determine the significant difference in protein expression in control and stress conditions caused by alfalfa leaf weevil pest, t-test method was used. The extracted proteins were separated in two dimensions by IPG gels with a gradient pH of 4–7 and with length 18 cm and 12.5% acrylamide gels. The results of the statistical evaluation using Image Master 2D platinum of Melani 6 software showed that out of a total of 241 repeatable protein points, 28 protein points showed changes in expression in stress levels caused by alfalfa leaf weevil. These changes included increased and decreased expression. Mass spectrometry results led to the identification of proteins involved in stress response mechanisms, energy production, metabolism, synthesis and photosynthesis. The evaluation of different protein classes showed that the proteome responding to biological stress in this plant follows two distinct trends in terms of co-expression. The results showed that among the 28 protein spots with significant expression changes in the Yazdi genotype, most of them i.e. 17.85% were expressed for energy production and the same amount was expressed in response to stress in the plant. In general, the results showed that studying the amount of changes in the expression of individual proteins alone will not be the solution, but knowing the set of co-expressed proteins and studying the pattern of their collective changes in response to different levels of biological stress caused by alfalfa leaf weevil. It is very important and gives a better understanding. It is obvious that conducting more studies on other alfalfa genotypes can provide a suitable molecular model for modifying alfalfa leaf weevil resistance in other alfalfa genotypes. These results clarify our understanding of the underlying mechanisms in alfalfa plant tolerance to alfalfa leaf weevil.
Modulation of the catalytic activity and thermostability of a highly thermostable GH7 endoglucanase by engineering the key loop B3
Authors: Zheng Fei , Yang Junzhao , Sun Qingyang , Zhang Xinrui , Li Ruilin , Wang Xiaoyu , He Xiangwei , Zhao Guozhu 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The cellulases of glycoside hydrolase family 7 (GH7) are confined into two main types, endoglucanase and cellobiohydrolase, based on their subtle differences in loop structures. In the viewpoint of evolution, the loop regions of GH7 cellulases exhibit a more pronounced effect on enzyme properties.
Results
A thermophilic endoglucanase of GH7, TtCel7, having a long 18 amino acid loop B3 was identified in Thermothelomyces thermophilus ATCC 42464. It was successfully obtained with heterologous expression and then purified for activity assays. The recombinant TtCel7 was distinguished for the excellent thermostability at 90°C (> 30% residual activity after 1-h incubation). When truncated the loop B3 or mutated C220A to remove the disulfide bond on loop B3, both the TtCel7 variants showed decreased catalytic efficiency, but the ∆B3 showed improved thermostability, retaining higher residual activities (9–44%) at 70–90°C than the wild type. Based on the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation analysis, both the loops B1 and A3 of ∆B3 swing toward the catalytic center, which contributes to the reduced cleft space and more rigid structure; instead, the structural rigidity of C220A was decreased as an α-helix was introduced into the loop B3 due to the deletion of disulfide bond.
Conclusions
Two structural elements related to catalysis and thermostability of GH7 cellulases were identified in this study through structure-directed enzyme modulation. Of them, the loop B3 of TtCel7 possibly stretches the catalytic pocket, making the catalytic tunnel more open and the protein structure more flexible for efficient catalysis. Additionally, the disulfide bond in loop B3 stabilizes the loop structure and keeps it in a highly active and stable state. This strategy casts an insight into the engineering of GH7 endoglucanases for potential commercialization.
Microglia-mediated drug resistance by hijacking drug substances from glioma cells
Authors: Wu Sheng-Yan , Yu Wen-Jui , Chien Ting-Yi , Ren Yu-An , Chen Chi-Shuo , Chiang Chi-Shiun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: It is well known that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play essential roles in brain tumor resistance to chemotherapy. However, the detailed mechanisms of how TAMs are involved in brain tumor resistance are still unclear and lack a suitable analysis model.
Methods: A BV2 microglial cells with ALTS1C1 astrocytoma cells in vitro co-culture system was used to mimic the microglia dominating tumor stroma in the tumor invasion microenvironment and explore the interaction between microglia and brain tumor cells.
Results: Our result suggested that microglia could form colonies with glioma cells under high-density culturing conditions and protect glioma cells from apoptosis induced by chemotherapeutic drugs. Moreover, this study demonstrates that microglia could hijack drug substances from the glioma cells and reduce the drug intensity of ALTS1C1 via direct contact. Inhibition of gap junction protein prevented microglial-glioma colony formation and microglia-mediated chemoresistance.
Conclusions: This study provides novel insights into how glioma cells acquire chemoresistance via microglia-mediated drug substance transferring, providing a new option for treating chemo-resistant brain tumors.
Characterization of polyphenolic compounds extracted from stressed apple peel and their interaction with β-lactoglobulin
Authors: Llopart Emilce Elina , Verdini Roxana Andrea , Delorenzi Néstor Jorge , Busti Pablo Andres 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper proposes to apply a postharvest environmental stress to red apples (Red Delicious) in order to increase the polyphenolic compounds (PP) content in their peels. PP has beneficial effects on health, this leads to great interest in increasing its dietary content. The possibility of enhancing extractable PP yields give an interesting alternative for the use of discarded crops in the food industry. A great increase in PP was observed at 14 days of stress, based principally in an increment in the content of anthocyanins of 40%, approximately. The interaction of the extracted PP from unstressed and stressed apple peels with beta-lactoglobulin (β-LG) was characterized. A PP-β-LG complex was formed with one single binding site in the protein was determined. The interaction was spontaneous and enthalpy driven. PP extracted from unstressed samples had a major affinity for the protein. The results of this last study could provide a better understanding of the interaction between PP and β-LG in dairy food.
The effect of subsidies on thechnical efficiency of Algerian agricultural sector : Using Stochastic Frontier Analysis(SFA) Approach
Authors: HOUARI MOULAY ALI , Fayçal MOKHTARI , SEGHIR GUELLIL MOHAMMED 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

This study seeks to determine the impact of agricultural subsidies on the efficiency of Algerian farms. To do so, we estimated a Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) for Algerian data covering the period from1970 to 2020. Two variables were used to describe the agricultural subsidy: the first is total agricultural support, and the second is a dummy variable that takes the values 0 and 1 to express the coupling of subsidies to production. The variable of support for agriculture production and producers takes the value of one (1) in the era when the support is not related to production(decoupled support). It takes the value zero (0) when there is explicit support for production and producers (coupled support).The findings revealed that total subsidies had a negative impact and statistically significant on the technical efficiency of Algerian farms. While, The decoupling has a positive effect on efficiency (negative on inefficiency), but without significance.JEL Classification: H21 ; H71 ; O13 ; Q18 ; C51
Proxy variables of the closeness between humans and wildlife that associate with the public interest in bird species in Japan
Authors: Takaya Kosuke , Tomojiri Daiki 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Human–nature interactions are gaining attention as evidence accumulates on the health and well-being benefits of interacting with nature. Since public interest in the species affects support for biodiversity protection, it is important to elucidate and quantify the relevant factors in conservation efforts. However, the factors that affect public interest are highly abstract proxies for the distance between humans and species. Therefore, more detailed variables that represent familiarity with humans (e.g., habitat type) and their relationship with public interest need to be identified. In the present study, we examined the factors influencing public interest in 391 bird species in Japan using Wikipedia pageviews as a proxy. Daily view data from July 1, 2015, to December 31, 2020, were obtained to explore statistical models explaining Wikipedia pageviews for birds using a generalized linear model and Akaike information criterion. Our results revealed that species that inhabit urban areas, nest on artificial structures, are designated as game birds, and have a large body size attract high public interest. Furthermore, species related to an urban habitat type and food use were particularly associated with high public interest. The results showed that people were highly interested in birds that were physically and culturally close to humans. Although cities are historically novel environments, a variety of species have successfully utilized the urban environment, and cities are potentially new interaction sites between people and wildlife. Therefore, planning for a highly biodiverse city could increase public interest in species and generate broad public support for conservation.