bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Non‐destructive discrimination of homochromatic foreign materials in cut tobacco based on VIS‐NIR hyperspectral imaging
Authors: Liang Jing , Wang Yueying , Shi Yu , Huang Xiaowei , Li Zhihua , Zhang Xinai , Zou Xiaobo , Shi Jiyong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe presence of foreign materials (FM) not only reduces the commercial value of tobacco and the quality of cigarette products, but also affects the aroma and flavor of cigarettes. Existing tobacco deblending equipment has received little study with respect to homochromatic FM. In the present study, visible‐near infrared (VIS‐NIR) hyperspectral imaging technique combined with chemometrics were used to identify and visualize the homochromatic FM on the surface of thining tobacco. A comparison with conventional vision method was made to analyze the feasibility of the method. The importance of detecting FM in cut tobacco was further demonstrated by first studying the volatile organic compounds produced in cigarette mixed FM smoke and their effects on human health before conducting hyperspectral experiments.RESULTSThe results indicated that solid‐phase microextraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry could detect volatile organic compounds in mainstream cigarette smoke that were not cigarette components and affected consumer health. Then, spectral features of the samples were extracted from hyperspectral images for building identification models to distinguish FM from cut tobacco. The visual RGB values of cut tobacco and FM were also used for the analysis of the recognition models. The results showed that the accuracy, precision and recall reached 100.00% using the back propagation artificial neural network classification model based on the principal component analysis raw wavelengths. The visualization results based on the optimal model produced clearer localization than conventional computer vision method.CONCLUSIONThe present study revealed that the VIS‐NIR hyperspectral imaging technology had advantage in the detection and localization of FM on the surface of thinning tobacco, which provided a foundation for improving the quality and safety of cut tobacco production. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Artificial intelligence to investigate predictors and prognostic impact of time to surgery in colon cancer
Authors: Alaimo Laura , Moazzam Zorays , Woldesenbet Selamawit , Lima Henrique A. , Endo Yutaka , Munir Muhammad M. , Azap Lovette , Ruzzenente Andrea , Guglielmi Alfredo , Pawlik Timothy M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThe role of time to surgery (TTS) for long‐term outcomes in colon cancer (CC) remains ill‐defined. We sought to utilize artificial intelligence (AI) to characterize the drivers of TTS and its prognostic impact.MethodsThe National Cancer Database was utilized to identify patients diagnosed with non‐metastatic CC between 2004 and 2018. AI models were employed to rank the importance of several sociodemographic, facility, and tumor characteristics in determining TTS, and postoperative survival.ResultsAmong 518 983 patients, 137 902 (26.6%) received intraoperative diagnosis of CC (TTS = 0), while 381 081 (74.4%) underwent elective surgery (TTS > 0) with median TTS of 19.0 days (interquartile range [IQR]: 7.0−33.0). An AI model, identified tumor stage, receipt of adequate lymphadenectomy, histologic grade, lymphovascular invasion, and insurance status as the most important variables associated with TTS = 0. Conversely, the type and location of treating facility and receipt of adjuvant therapy were among the most important variables for TTS > 0. Notably, TTS was among the most important variables associated with survival, and TTS > 3 weeks was associated with an incremental increase in mortality risk.ConclusionsThe identification of factors associated with TTS can help stratify patients most likely to suffer poor outcomes due to prolonged TTS, as well as guide quality improvement initiatives related to timely surgical care.
Efficacy and Safety of Ultrasound‐Guided Percutaneous Ablation for Adrenal Metastases
Authors: Zhong Huohu , Wang Zecheng , Liu Yingchao , Ke Helin , Liu Piaopiao , Lian Xihua , Xu Zhenhong 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesTo assess the efficacy and safety of ultrasound‐guided percutaneous ablation (US‐PA) for adrenal metastases (AMs) using a meta‐analysis.MethodsA systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Embase electronic databases was performed to identify studies on US‐PA for AM. Seven studies published between January 2000 and August 2022 were analyzed, which resulted in a sample size of 140 patients. Both random effects and common effects meta‐analysis models were used to analyze the following efficacy and safety outcomes: the first and secondary technical success rate, 1‐year overall survival rates, 1‐year local tumor control rate, incidence rate of intraoperative hypertensive crises, and major complications. The subgroup analysis was performed to explore the origin of heterogeneity.ResultsAmong 140 patients from 7 studies included in this meta‐analysis: 51 (36.43%) underwent radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and 89 (63.57%) underwent microwave ablation (MWA). Pooled data analysis revealed that the first and secondary technical success rates were 85% (95% confidence interval [CI], 73–96) and 99% (95% CI, 96–100), the 1‐year overall survival rate was 83% (95% CI, 71–93), the 1‐year local tumor control rate was 83% (95% CI, 75–90), and the incidence rate of intraoperative hypertensive crises was 14% (95% CI, 8–20). The overall rate of major complications was 3.6%. In the subgroup analysis, lower heterogeneity was indicated to be associated with mean tumor size and ablation type.ConclusionsThis meta‐analysis showed that US‐PA can be both effective and safe for AM in terms of overall survival, technical success rate, and local control for AM.
Pulmonary Congestion on Lung Ultrasound Predicts Increased Risk of 30‐Day Readmission in Heart Failure Patients
Authors: Cohen Allison , Li Timmy , Maybaum Simon , Fridman David , Gordon Miles , Shi Dorothy , Nelson Mathew , Stevens Gerin R. 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesHeart failure exacerbations are a common cause of hospitalizations with a high readmission rate. There are few validated predictors of readmission after treatment for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Lung ultrasound (LUS) is sensitive and specific in the assessment of pulmonary congestion; however, it is not frequently utilized to assess for congestion before discharge. This study assessed the association between number of B‐lines, on LUS, at patient discharge and risk of 30‐day readmission in patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF).MethodsThis was a single‐center prospective study of adults admitted to a quaternary care center with a diagnosis of ADHF. At the time of discharge, the patient received an 8‐zone LUS exam to evaluate for the presence of B‐lines. A zone was considered positive if ≥3 B‐lines was present. We assessed the risk of 30‐day readmission associated with the number of lung zones positive for B‐lines using a log‐binomial regression model.ResultsBased on data from 200 patients, the risk of 30‐day readmission in patients with 2–3 positive lung zones was 1.25 times higher (95% CI: 1.08–1.45), and in patients with 4–8 positive lung zones was 1.50 times higher (95% CI: 1.23–1.82, compared with patients with 0–1 positive zones, after adjusting for discharge blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and hemoglobin.ConclusionAmong patients admitted with ADHF, the presence of B‐lines at discharge was associated with a significantly increased risk of 30‐day readmission, with greater number of lung zones positive for B‐lines corresponding to higher risk.
Improving the precision and accuracy of wildlife monitoring with multi‐constellation, multi‐frequency GNSS collars
Authors: Garrido‐Carretero María S. , Azorit Concepción , de Lacy‐Pérez de los Cobos María C. , Valderrama‐Zafra José Manuel , Carrasco Rafael , Gil‐Cruz Antonio J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe use of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) technology within the fields of ecology and biology has increased over recent years. With Global Positioning System, GLObalnaya NAvigatsionnaya Sputnikovaya Sistema, Galileo, and BeiDou systems fully deployed, >140 navigation satellites are currently available for navigation and high precision positioning applications. The technological improvements in GNSS devices, mainly due to the multi‐frequency capability, reduce signal acquisition time and increase the reliability, the continuity, and the accuracy of the estimated position, especially in complex environments like forests or areas with a steep topography. This study aims to test experimentally the influence of multi‐constellation multi‐frequency modules on the performance of the GNSS collars used to monitor wildlife. We applied static and kinematic tests designed to assess and compare the performance of GNSS collars equipped with a single‐frequency versus a multi‐frequency chipset. We evaluated the availability and continuity of solutions, number of satellites used, dilution of precision, precision, accuracy, and repeatability of these quality parameters for GNSS devices in southeastern Spain from February 2021 to June 2022. The results confirmed that the multi‐constellation multi‐frequency GNSS collar showed a stable and good performance in terms of the number of satellites used (>10), horizontal dilution of precision (<1.3), fix success rate (100%), mean location error (<1.5 m), and circular error probability (CEP), which was better by approximately one order of magnitude than the single‐frequency collar (1–10 m). The use of reliable and accurate GNSS devices will expand our knowledge of animal behavior and the interactions between species. Multi‐frequency GNSS collars allow collection of accurate locations, providing fine‐scale information about animal behavior (e.g., feeding strategies, competition for resources), whereas the single‐frequency GNSS collars can used for broad‐scale studies (e.g., home ranges, habitat use).
The medium‐term effects of forest operations on a mixed broadleaf forest: Changes in soil properties and loss of nutrients
Authors: Karami Sara , Jourgholami Meghdad , Attarod Pedram , Venanzi Rachele , Latterini Francesco , Stefanoni Walter , Picchio Rodolfo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study took place in a mixed deciduous forest located in Northern Iran to investigate the effects of two types of silvicultural methods, specifically the single‐selection method and the group‐selection method. The study also included the observation of skid trails in terms of runoff, sediment yield, and the loss of NO3‐N and PO4‐P. The process of recovery was studied by the assessment of these characteristics after the completion of forest operations for a period of 3 years. Although there is a considerable amount of literature on the topic of soil erosion caused by forest harvesting, there is little information regarding the medium‐term effects of different sizes of gaps in the forest canopy. The attempt to gather data was done by designating hillslope plots on the soil directly affected by machinery passage on skid trails, as well as on the felling gaps in correlation with the two types of silvicultural methods. Plots were also marked on an unharvested area as a control. The results confirmed the suitability of retention forestry within the framework of sustainable forest management. A majority of the data gathered showed no difference between the single selection and the control area. What is more, the values obtained from the felling gaps correlated to the group selection resulted to be the same as the control values 2 years after harvesting. However, the disturbance caused by machinery passage on skid trails showed a significantly higher level of impact, and the recovery time needed was at least 3 years.
Detection and prediction of land use changes and population dynamics in the Gorganrud River basin, Iran
Authors: Ghonchepour Diba , Sadoddin Amir , Salmanmahiny Abdolrassoul , Bahremand Abdolreza , Jakeman Anthony , Croke Barry 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAnalyzing land use/land cover change is a fundamental tool for evaluating the environmental consequences of human activities. This research was conducted to detect and predict likely land use changes in the Gorganrud River basin, Iran, and to estimate past and future population growth as a driving force in land use change and degradation. First, land use maps for 1999, 2009, and 2017 were prepared. Then, the likely land use changes for 2030 and 2040 were predicted using the Land Change Modeler (LCM) in TERRSET software. Results indicate that the percentage of changes in agricultural and residential areas, bare lands, and semi‐dense forests from 1999 to 2017 were +4.2, +0.62, +1.76, and +3.15, respectively, while the percentage of changes in rangelands, dense forests, and water bodies were −8.7, −0.37, and −0.63. Analysis of changes from 2017 to 2040 indicates that the percentage of changes in croplands, dense forests, and bare lands may reach −4.42, −2.35, and −2.74, respectively. Conversely, the area of rangelands, semi‐dense forests, water bodies, and residential areas would likely increase by +7.78%, +1.02%, +0.04%, and + 0.7%, respectively. The population density in 2011 and 2016 was 94 and 97 persons/km2, respectively, whereas the 5‐year population growth rate was 3.5%. Better conservation practices to prevent deforestation and inappropriate growth of residential areas, in line with forest replantation to prevent the conversion of semi‐dense forests into rangelands, are some of the management strategies required in the study area. Population control and redistribution are other prescribed actions based on the research findings.
Human social genomics: Concepts, mechanisms, and implications for health
Authors: Slavich George M. , Mengelkoch Summer , Cole Steven W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe exciting field of human social genomics provides an evolutionarily informed, multilevel framework for understanding how positive and negative social–environmental experiences affect the genome to impact lifelong health, well‐being, behavior, and longevity. In this review, we first summarize common patterns of socially influenced changes in the expression of pro‐inflammatory and antiviral immune response genes (e.g., the Conserved Transcriptional Response to Adversity), and the multilevel psychological, neural, and cell signaling pathways by which social factors regulate human gene expression. Second, we examine how these effects are moderated by genetic polymorphisms and the specific types of social–environmental experiences that most strongly affect gene expression and health. Third, we identify positive psychosocial experiences and interventions that have been found to impact gene expression. Finally, we discuss promising opportunities for future research on this topic and how health care providers can use this information to improve patient health and well‐being.
Effect of Sr microalloying on microstructure and corrosion resistance of Al–4.6Mg alloy
Authors: Yang Zhanshou , Dong Yaping , Li Wu , Liu Xin , Feng Haitao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe effect of Sr on the microstructure of Al–4.6Mg alloy is studied via optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy‐energy‐dispersive analysis, electron backscattered diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and the intergranular corrosion susceptibility is evaluated according to ASTM G67. The main precipitation phases of Al–4.6Mg alloy are β‐Al3Mg2 and Al6Mn, with a new square phase of Al3Mn also being formed. After the addition of Sr, the β‐Al3Mg2 phase of the alloy decreases, the morphology changes, and Al4Sr and τ‐Al38Mg58Sr4 phases are formed. Accordingly, the nanoscale precipitation phase τ‐Al38Mg58Sr4 is uniformly distributed inside the grains. Microstructure analysis shows that Sr promotes the dynamic recovery and dynamic recrystallization of the alloy, inhibits the growth of recrystallized grains, and reduces the alloy grain size from 14.294 to 10.273 μm. Additionally, the low‐angle grain boundaries increase, the high‐angle grain boundaries decrease, the texture of the rotated cube r‐{001}<110> improves, and the deformation texture decreases. The IGC susceptibility of the alloy is reduced with the addition of Sr, and the corrosion resistance in an electrolyte containing NaCl is enhanced.
Copper‐Coordinated Covalent Organic Framework Produced a Robust Fenton‐Like Effect Inducing Immunogenic Cell Death of Tumors
Authors: Li Tong , Wang Dianwei , Meng Meng , Yang Zhiyu , Luo Zhimin , Li Zhen , Li Fei , Liu Cong , Hao Kai , Pang Xuan , Tian Huayu , Chen Xuesi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIncreasing infiltration of CD8+ T cells can enhance the response rate to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies. In contrast, immunogenic cell death (ICD) induced by intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an effective strategy to increase CD8+ T cell infiltration. Cuproptosis is newly defined and reported by Tsvetkov et al. A Cu‐coordinated covalent organic framework (COF) in which two valence states of copper ions are simultaneously loaded is prepared. On the one hand, Cu2+ undergoes a valence shift generating Cu+ which acts as an effective Fenton‐like reagent to catalyze the production of ·OH and 1O2 from cellular overexpressed H2O2, causing DNA damage and lipid peroxidation (LPO), which directly produce cytotoxicity. On the other hand, residual Cu2+ can effectively deplete endogenous cellular glutathione (GSH), converting it into glutathione disulfide (GSSG), further increasing intracellular oxidative stress and reducing the scavenging of ROS, thus further enhancing the Fenton‐like effect and bringing toxic effects on tumor cells. The synergy of these two functions achieves ICD, helping for transforming “cold tumor” into “hot tumor” and efficient anti‐tumor effects eventually. This work provides new insights into coordinated COF and inspire the development of more versatile COF for biomedical applications.
An investigation into trends in frequency and proportion of different durations of various types of extreme precipitation in Iran
Authors: Asakereh Hossein , Ashrafi Saeideh 
Published: February 2023

AbstractClimate change can be traced in any given region by searching for changes in climatic elements' characteristics. Extreme precipitation, for example, is a characteristic of precipitation whose changes, especially in recent years, can be attributed to global warming and climate change. This study aimed to investigate possible changes in extreme precipitation in Iran by analysing the frequency of extreme rainy days duration. To this end, gridded precipitation datasets from the hydrological years 1971–1972 to 2015–2016 were used, and days associated with extreme precipitation were extracted by using thresholds of 90th, 95th, and 99th percentiles (as heavy, very heavy, and extremely heavy precipitation, respectively). Latitude and longitude showed the most significant correlation with precipitation characteristics in the spatial distribution during the study period. In addition, heavy (HP), very heavy, and extremely heavy precipitation experienced durations of 1–8, 1–7, and 1–4 days, respectively. At all extremes, the 1‐day duration covered more areas and had more repetition, while the longer duration had the lowest tempo–spatial repetition. According to the results of the present study, the one‐day duration of HP contributed more significantly to the annual precipitation. The proportion of this type of precipitation has been more significant in the southern and central regions of the country. Furthermore, it was revealed that the frequency of durations of short‐term HP increased during the study period, whereas the duration of long‐term HP declined.
The Polymethoxyflavone Sudachitin Modulates the Circadian Clock and Improves Liver Physiology
Authors: Mawatari Kazuaki , Koike Nobuya , Nohara Kazunari , Wirianto Marvin , Uebanso Takashi , Shimohata Takaaki , Shikishima Yasuhiro , Miura Hiroyuki , Nii Yoshitaka , Burish Mark J. , Yagita Kazuhiro , Takahashi Akira , Yoo Seung‐Hee , Chen Zheng 
Published: February 2023

ScopePolymethoxylated flavones (PMFs) are a group of natural compounds known to display a wide array of beneficial effects to promote physiological fitness. Recent studies reveal circadian clocks as an important cellular mechanism mediating preventive efficacy of the major PMF Nobiletin against metabolic disorders. Sudachitin is a PMF enriched in Citrus sudachi, and its functions and mechanism of action are poorly understood.Methods and resultsUsing circadian reporter cells, it shows that Sudachitin modulates circadian amplitude and period of Bmal1 promoter‐driven reporter rhythms, and real‐time qPCR analysis shows that Sudachitin alters expression of core clock genes, notably Bmal1, at both transcript and protein levels. Mass‐spec analysis reveals systemic exposure in vivo. In mice fed with high‐fat diet with or without Sudachitin, it observes increased nighttime activity and daytime sleep, accompanied by significant metabolic improvements in a circadian time‐dependent manner, including respiratory quotient, blood lipid and glucose profiles, and liver physiology. Focusing on liver, RNA‐sequencing and metabolomic analyses reveal prevalent diurnal alteration in both gene expression and metabolite accumulation.ConclusionThis study elucidates Sudachitin as a new clock‐modulating PMF with beneficial effects to improve diurnal metabolic homeostasis and liver physiology, suggesting the circadian clock as a fundamental mechanism to safeguard physiological well‐being.
Gut Microbiota Influences the Photoperiod Effects on Proanthocyanidins Bioavailability in Diet‐Induced Obese Rats
Authors: Arreaza‐Gil Verónica , Escobar‐Martínez Iván , Mulero Miquel , Muguerza Begoña , Suárez Manuel , Arola‐Arnal Anna , Torres‐Fuentes Cristina 
Published: February 2023

ScopePolyphenols health effects on obesity are mainly attributed to their metabolites generated after their gastrointestinal digestion, in which gut microbiota plays an important role. Moreover, gut microbiota composition and polyphenols bioavailability are influenced by differences in day light length (photoperiod). Thus, this study evaluates if a grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPEs) extract bioavailability is influenced by different photoperiod exposure via gut microbiota modulation in an obesogenic context.Methods and resultsCafeteria diet‐induced obese Fischer 344 rats are housed under different photoperiod conditions (6, 12, or 18 h of light per day) during 9 weeks and administered with GSPE (25 mg kg−1) or GSPE and an antibiotic cocktail (ABX) for the last 4 weeks. Serum GSPE‐derived metabolites are quantified by HPLC‐MS/MS.ConclusionA higher bioavailability is observed under 6 h light/18 h darkness (L6) compared to 18 h light/6 h darkness (L18). Individual metabolites, especially those from the gut microbiota, are affected by photoperiods. ABX treatment alters these photoperiod‐mediated changes. Therefore, these results suggest that gut microbiota plays a key role in the photoperiod effects on GSPE bioavailability in obese rats.