bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The “facie sympathique” sign in hanging: historical background, forensic review, and perspectives
Authors: Marchetti Daniela , Santoro Luca , Mercuri Giulia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe “faciesympathique” is a vital sign first described by Etienne Martin in 1899 referring to unilateral miosis, with or without ptosis, at the opposite side from the knot in hanging. This mark is scarcely reported in legal medicine textbooks and scientific papers. Moreover, when cited, it is referred to differently from its original meaning, both as unilateral contraction (miosis) and dilatation (mydriasis) of the pupil depending on the antemortem firmness of the ligature’s neck pressure in hanging with little attention to ptosis. Due to the sympathetic nervous pathway supplying the eye, the review of this ocular sign in hanging supports the importance of revitalizing the “facie sympathique” in research on lesion vitality in mechanical asphyxia.
The role of sibling aggression during childhood in decision-making during adulthood
Authors: Bedwell Stacey A. , Harrison Natalie , Fradley Sara , Brooks Matthew 
Published: March 2023

AbstractResearch shows sibling relationships can influence cognitive development, specifically in terms of high-order processes involved in social functioning. These high-order processes take place in the human prefrontal cortex. While prefrontal connectivity can be influenced by factors experienced during developmental phases, it remains unclear how experiences of aggression towards a sibling in childhood can contribute to high-order processes in adulthood, specifically decision-making. Through two studies, we sought to establish a relationship between sibling aggression and decision-making styles reported in adulthood, as well as real-time risky decision-making. Study 1 examined the relationship between childhood experiences of sibling aggression and high-order function, specifically decision-making. Self-reports from 142 adult participants revealed that using sibling aggression to maintain dominance (ESAS; Harrison, 2017) was linked to avoidant and spontaneous decision-making (GDMS; Scott & Bruce, 1995). The findings reported here indicate a possible role of sibling aggression in the development of avoidant and spontaneous decision-making styles. Study 2 investigated the relationship between childhood sibling aggression (ESAS; Harrison, 2017) and performance in risky decision-making tasks (IOWA gambling task; Bechara et al., 2000) among 75 adult participants. It revealed that experiences of sibling aggression did not predict risky decision-making. These findings indicate that the types of decisions made may be influenced by childhood sibling aggression, but not the level of risk involved in decisions made.
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 11 (SCA11): TTBK2 variants, functions and associated disease mechanisms
Authors: Felício Daniela , Santos Mariana 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSpinocerebellar ataxia type 11 (SCA11) is a rare type of autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia, mainly characterized by progressive cerebellar ataxia, abnormal eye signs and dysarthria. SCA11 is caused by variants in TTBK2, which encodes tau tubulin kinase 2 (TTBK2) protein. Only a few families with SCA11 were described to date, all harbouring small deletions or insertions that result in frameshifts and truncated TTBK2 proteins. In addition, TTBK2 missense variants were also reported but they were either benign or still needed functional validation to ascertain their pathogenic potential in SCA11. The mechanisms behind cerebellar neurodegeneration mediated by TTBK2 pathogenic alleles are not clearly established. There is only one neuropathological report and a few functional studies in cell or animal models published to date. Moreover, it is still unclear whether the disease is caused by TTBK2 haploinsufficiency of by a dominant negative effect of TTBK2 truncated forms on the normal allele. Some studies point to a lack of kinase activity and mislocalization of mutated TTBK2, while others reported a disruption of normal TTBK2 function caused by SCA11 alleles, particularly during ciliogenesis. Although TTBK2 has a proven function in cilia formation, the phenotype caused by heterozygous TTBK2 truncating variants are not clearly typical of ciliopathies. Thus, other cellular mechanisms may explain the phenotype seen in SCA11. Neurotoxicity caused by impaired TTBK2 kinase activity against known neuronal targets, such as tau, TDP-43, neurotransmitter receptors or transporters, may contribute to neurodegeneration in SCA11.
The Mediating Role of Body Acceptance in Explaining the Relation of Mindfulness, Self-Compassion and Mindful Eating to Body Image in Gay Men and Bisexual Men
Authors: Regan Harvey , Keyte Rebecca , Mantzios Michael , Egan Helen 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Mindfulness and mindfulness-based constructs, such as self-compassion and mindful eating, have been positively associated with healthier eating and body related perceptions. Exploration of mindfulness and related concepts have not been investigated extensively in gay and bisexual men, a population where eating and body related concerns have been found to be widespread.

Method
Participants completed an online questionnaire, assessing mindfulness, self-compassion, mindful eating, body image and body acceptance. Correlation analysis and further mediation analysis was conducted to explore the relations between these constructs within the present sample (n = 163).

Results
A community sample showed a positive association of body image to mindfulness-based concepts, and negative to body non-acceptance, within the target population. Mediation analysis showed the role of body acceptance in explaining the relation between mindfulness, self-compassion and mindful eating to body image.

Conclusions
Findings highlight the importance of body acceptance when considering the development of a mindfulness or compassion-based intervention to attenuate body related issues among gay and bisexual men.

Preregistration
This manuscript has not been preregistered.
Alum sludge as an adsorbent for inorganic and organic pollutants removal from aqueous solutions: a review
Authors: Pająk M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOne of the first stages of water treatment is the coagulation process, a side effect of which is the formation of huge amounts of sludge, which is most often deposited in landfills. The residues formed as a by-product in water treatment plants are characterized by high porosity, irregularity and loose structure with limited strength, so they can exhibit adsorption properties. This article reviews the ability of Al-based sludge to adsorb inorganic pollutants and textile dyes from aqueous solutions. Due to its physicochemical properties, alum sludge has a high adsorption capacity against inorganic as well as organic pollutants. The collected literature review focuses on the presentation of the most common directions of use of these materials as effective adsorbents against the pollutants present, the presentation of the conditions for the adsorption process, the mechanisms of binding of pollutants. In addition, it indicates which directions of their use as effective and economical adsorbents have not been sufficiently explored, suggesting that more research in this area be conducted.
Graphical abstract
Exploration of microstructure characteristics and mechanical behaviors of thermal-damaged argillaceous sandstone via LF-NMR and µ-CT technologies
Authors: Liu Shi , Huang Zhe 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe effect of high temperature on the microstructure and mechanical behavior of rocks is a fundamental issue relevant to the exploitation of underground oil and gas resources, underground disposal of highly radioactive nuclear waste, and the development of geothermal energy. In this study, samples of argillaceous sandstone are subjected to high-temperature treatments (i.e., 25 ºC, 300 ºC, 600 ºC, 900 ºC, 1000 ºC, and 1200 ºC) followed by a series of uniaxial compression tests. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the microscopic structures of the samples are carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) and micron-scale computed tomography (µ-CT). Thermal damage defined by porosity is established and used to describe the evolution of rock damage over the temperature increase. After the high-temperature treatments, LF-NMR results indicate that small and medium pores consistently dominate the structure, with pore volumes of up to 98.8% to 100%. µ-CT test results show that the distribution frequency of medium pores is 16.5–28.3% and that of large pores is 71.7–83.5%. The µ-CT porosity ranges from 11.1 to 15.2% and the LF-NMR porosity ranges from 18.9 to 26.3%. When subjected to the same temperature, the µ-CT porosity is generally smaller than the LF-NMR porosity. When the temperature is increased, the peak stress and elastic modulus increases first and then decreases, while the peak strain decreases first and then increases. Test results of three mechanical parameters all indicate that 300 ºC is probably the threshold temperature of the test rock type, and the SEM, LF-NMR and µ-CT test results confirm this temperature. The relationship between thermal damage and temperature suggests that the argillaceous sandstone evolves through strengthening, damage derivation, and damage development as applied temperature increases.
Mechanical behaviors of coal surrounding horizontal wellbore during drilling process considering the effects of loading rate, pore pressure and temperature
Authors: Zhang Qiangui , Zhao Shilin , Wang Wensong , Fan Xiangyu , Liang Yongchang , Jiang Zhigang , Wei Like , Yuan Qiang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCoal is a kind of rock with the characteristics of soft structure, developed joints, cleats, cracks, and pores, resulting in that its mechanical behaviors are highly sensitive to stress, pore coalbed methane (CBM, gas) pressure and temperature. Thus, due to the variations in stress, pore pressure and temperature caused by the drilling operation, the coal surrounding wellbore can be easily damaged, which would cause serious wellbore instability problems. In this presented work, a stress path of loading axial stress and unloading confining pressure (LAS-UCP) was first determined based on the stress redistribution of the coal surrounding horizontal wellbore in CBM reservoir during drilling process. A series of triaxial compression tests with the LAS-UCP stress path was then conducted to study the effects of axial loading rate, pore pressure and temperature on the mechanical behaviors of coal. The results show that: (1) Under the LAS-UCP stress path, the deformation of coal can be divided into elastic deformation stage, plastic deformation stage, and stress reduction stage. With the decrease in axial loading rate and the increases in pore pressure and temperature, the elastic deformation stage becomes shorter, the plastic deformation stage becomes more significant, stress reduction rate in the stress reduction stage becomes slower, and the coal shows more features of plasticity and ductility. (2) With the increasing axial loading rate, the compressive strength and apparent elastic modulus increase linearly, the absolute values of axial strain, radial strain and volumetric strain at peak stress grow gradually, but the apparent Poisson’s ratio changes irregular. (3) With the increase in pore pressure, the compressive strength, axial strain at peak stress and apparent elastic modulus decrease linearly, the radial strain and volumetric strain at peak stress have no change rule, and the apparent Poisson’s ratio increases gradually. (4) With the increasing temperature, the compressive strength, axial strain at peak stress and apparent elastic modulus reduce gradually, but the absolute values of radial strain and volumetric strain at peak stress, and the apparent Poisson’s ratio increase linearly. The results can not only provide a guidance for safety drilling operation of the horizontal wellbore in CBM reservoir, but also have important significance for other engineering constructions related to coal seam.
Increasing Social Communication by Teaching Texting to Autistic Children
Authors: Gilder Jenna , Charlop Marjorie H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesIn the present study, we increased the social communication of four autistic children by teaching texting conversation skills on smart phones.MethodsA multiple baseline design across two dyads was used to assess the texting conversation intervention, with additional generalization probes taken across texting partners and FaceTime® sessions. One-month maintenance probes were also assessed.ResultsAll four participants increased their conversational texting, and their conversation content was novel. Generalization across texting partners occurred, and skills were maintained. Appropriate verbal content spoken during FaceTime® probes was also observed.ConclusionsResults are discussed in terms of the potential benefits of teaching autistic children social communication through text.
Paths forward in radioglaciology
Authors: Schroeder Dustin M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIce-penetrating radar sounding is a powerful geophysical tool for studying terrestrial and planetary ice with a rich glaciological heritage reaching back over half a century. Recent years have also seen rapid growth in both the radioglaciological community itself and in the scope and sophistication of its analysis of ice-penetrating radar data. This has been spurred by a combination of growing datasets and improvements in computational resources as well as advances in radar sounding instrumentation and platforms. Together, these developments are transforming the field and highlight exciting paths forward for future innovation and investigation.
Introduction: AMR Belongs in the Pandemic Instrument
Authors: Van Katwyk Susan Rogers , Outterson Kevin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the wake of COVID-19, the World Health Organization established an Intergovernmental Negotiating Body to negotiate a new instrument for pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response. This special issue of the Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics brings together multidisciplinary scholarship to address the question of whether antimicrobial resistance should be included in this new instrument. Drawing from disciplines including law, anthropology, history, public health, public policy, economics, and veterinary medicine, this special issue explores the inclusion of AMR within the Pandemic Instrument from three perspectives: first, through the lens of global AMR governance, second, from the perspective of technical governance challenges and opportunities affecting the global ability to address AMR and future pandemics, and third, from the perspective of pandemic instrument mechanisms for strengthening global AMR governance. Each paper makes a concrete recommendation with respect to the importance of including AMR within the scope of the pandemic instrument.
Antimicrobial Resistance Must Be Included in the Pandemic Instrument to Ensure Future Global Pandemic Readiness
Authors: Lake Shajoe J. , Van Katwyk Susan Rogers , Hoffman Steven J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGovernments can practically and efficiently address zoonoses and AMR –– within the text of the new pandemic instrument. We map the overlaps between the efforts needed to address both pandemic threats, including (a) equitable access to medical countermeasures, (b) globally integrated One Health surveillance and monitoring systems, (c) increased technical and laboratory capacity in low- and middle-income countries, and (d) a regulatory framework governing the stewardship of antimicrobials. By outlining potential dual-purpose provisions that could be included in a pandemic instrument, we argue that addressing AMR in the pandemic instrument is practicable, the most effective use of limited time and resources, and provides the best opportunity for future global pandemic readiness.
Governance Processes and Challenges for Reservation of Antimicrobials Exclusively for Human Use and Restriction of Antimicrobial Use in Animals
Authors: Scott Weese J. , Da Costa Junior Guilherme Antonio , Gonzalez-Zorn Bruno , Hardefeldt Laura Y. , Matheu Jorge , Moulin Gerard , Page Stephen W. , Singh Ruby , Song Junxia , Valsson Olafur 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe majority of antimicrobials that are produced are administered to animals, particularly food animals. While the overall impact of antimicrobial use in animals on antimicrobial resistance in humans and the environment is unclear, it undeniably has a role. Yet, some degree of antimicrobial use in animals is necessary for animal health and welfare purposes. Balancing the benefits and risks of antimicrobial use in animals is challenging because of the complexity of the problem and limitations in available data. However, a range of measures can be implemented to reduce, refine and optimize antimicrobial use in animals, with a goal of minimizing the impact on human and environmental health while maintaining necessary therapeutic use in animals. A pandemic instrument can provide the necessary foundation for the whole-of-society and whole-of government One Health approach that is required to strengthen surveillance, communication, collaboration, and action.
Revolutionary populism and democracy in Ghana
Authors: Haynes Jeffrey 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTThe article examines two decades of Jerry Rawlings’ rule in Ghana. It seeks to explain why Rawlings’ revolutionary populism did not develop in the direction that he envisaged: a new kind of popular democracy. Instead, Rawlings oversaw the reintroduction of Ghana's popularly preferred political system: ‘Western-style’ multi-party democracy, despite his avowed intention of not doing so. To what extent was this outcome surprising or puzzling? The article explains that it was neither surprising nor puzzling as Rawlings’ regime, the PNDC, lacked the capacity to introduce a radical new political system, despite his desire to do so. His aim – to craft a new kind of popular democracy – was not achievable as both internal and external opposition forces were stronger in their desire for multi-party democracy and a neo-liberal economic system.
Surveillance of avian malaria and related haemoparasites in common terns (Sterna hirundo) on the Atlantic coast of South America
Authors: Capasso Sofía , Schumm Yvonne R. , Quillfeldt Petra , Bonsergent Claire , Malandrin Laurence , Lorenti Eliana , Fusaro Bruno , Panisse Guillermo , Lunardelli Melina , Castresana Gabriel , Diaz Julia I. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHaemosporidia (Apicomplexa, Haemosporida) are protozoa that infect vertebrate blood cells and are transmitted by vectors. Among vertebrates, birds possess the greatest diversity of haemosporidia, historically placed in 3 genera:Haemoproteus,LeucocytozoonandPlasmodium, the causative agent of avian malaria. In South America, existing data on haemosporidia are spatially and temporally dispersed, so increased surveillance is needed to improve the determination and diagnosis of these parasites. During the non-breeding season in 2020 and 2021, 60 common terns (Sterna hirundo) were captured and bled as part of ongoing research on the population health of migratory birds on the Argentinian Atlantic coast. Blood samples and blood smears were obtained. Fifty-eight samples were screened forPlasmodium,HaemoproteusandLeucocytozoon, as well as forBabesiaparasites by nested polymerase chain reaction and by microscopic examination of smears. Two positive samples forPlasmodiumwere found. The cytochrome b lineages detected in the present study are found for the first time, and are close toPlasmodiumlineages found in other bird orders. The low prevalence (3.6%) of haemoparasites found in this research was similar to those reported for previous studies on seabirds, including Charadriiformes. Our findings provide new information about the distribution and prevalence of haemosporidian parasites from charadriiforms in the southernmost part of South America, which remains understudied.
Whose Work Counts? Congressional Republicans and the Battle over Employment Status, 1947–48
Authors: Bertram Eva 
Published: March 2023

AbstractConflicts over the employment status of Uber, Lyft, and other gig workers have made headlines in recent years. I argue that the conditions facing these workers and other independent contractors today are in many respects the result of policy decisions made seventy-five years ago, in hard-fought battles over which workers would—and which would not—be protected by New Deal social programs and labor laws for employees. In 1947–48, New Deal Democrats were poised to establish a more expansive definition of “employee,” extending eligibility to a range of workers excluded by more restrictive common law standards. The Republican-led 80th Congress thwarted the attempt to expand coverage, however, by blocking administrative initiatives, reversing court rulings, and redefining employment-based eligibility for federal labor and social protections. Their actions redirected policy on employment relations, restricting the reach of New Deal protections in the post–WWII economy and shaping the terms of subsequent conflicts over employment status in ways that have left broad power and discretion in the hands of employers.