bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The spectrum and significance of secondary (co‐occurring) genetic alterations in sarcomas: the hallmarks of sarcomagenesis
Authors: Dermawan Josephine K , Rubin Brian P 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBone and soft tissue tumors are generally classified into complex karyotype sarcomas versus those with recurrent genetic alterations, often in the form of gene fusions. In this review, we provide an overview of important co‐occurring genomic alterations, organized by biological mechanisms and covering a spectrum of genomic alteration types: mutations (single‐nucleotide variations or indels) in oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, copy number alterations, transcriptomic signatures, genomic complexity indices (e.g. CINSARC), and complex genomic structural variants. We discuss the biological and prognostic roles of these so‐called secondary or co‐occurring alterations, arguing that recognition and detection of these alterations may be significant for our understanding and management of mesenchymal tumors. On a related note, we also discuss major recurrent alterations in so‐called complex karyotype sarcomas. These secondary alterations are essential to sarcomagenesis via a variety of mechanisms, such as inactivation of tumor suppressors, activation of proliferative signal transduction, telomere maintenance, and aberrant regulation of epigenomic/chromatin remodeling players. The use of comprehensive genomic profiling, including targeted next‐generation sequencing panels or whole‐exome sequencing, may be incorporated into clinical workflows to offer more comprehensive, potentially clinically actionable information. © 2023 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.
Superbase‐enabled anionic polymerization of poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate)s: achieving well‐defined structures and controlled molar masses
Authors: Hüppe Natkritta , Gleede Tassilo , Wurm Frederik R 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPoly(alkyl cyanoacrylate)s (PACAs) find extensive use as adhesives in engineering and medicine. However, their high reactivity often leads to wide molar mass dispersity and uncontrolled chain‐end functionalities. Achieving precise polymer structures is crucial, particularly for medical applications to prevent oligomer toxicity. The conventional anionic polymerization of cyanoacrylates initiated by water results in high molar mass dispersities (Ð) and low end‐group functionalities. Nonetheless, under specific conditions, anionic polymerization holds the potential for controlling the molar mass and Ð of PACAs. Here, we demonstrate the synthesis of well‐defined PACAs by employing minute quantities (1%) of superbases to activate a functional thiophenol (PhSH) initiator. This strategy enables the attainment of adjustable molecular weights (Mn > 20 kg mol−1) and moderate dispersities (Ð < 1.4) for homopolymers and block copolymers. The selective initiation by thiophenol is confirmed through 1H DOSY NMR analysis. Furthermore, the controlled homo‐ and copolymerization of ACA derivatives highlights the remarkable performance of the superbase in conjunction with PhSH. © 2023 The Authors. Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Industrial Chemistry.
The in situ treatment of PFAS within porewater at the air–water interface of a PFAS source zone
Authors: McGregor Rick 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe treatment of per‐ and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) within groundwater is an emerging topic, with various technologies being researched and tested. Currently, PFAS‐impacted groundwater is typically treated ex situ using sorptive media such as activated carbon and ion exchange resin. Proven in situ remedial approaches for groundwater have been limited to colloidal activated carbon (CAC) injected into aquifers downgradient of the source zones. However, treatment of groundwater within the source zones has not been shown to be feasible to date. This study evaluated the use of CAC to treat dissolved PFAS at the air–water interface within the PFAS source zone. Studies have shown that PFAS tends to preferentially accumulate at the air–water interface due to the chemical properties of the various PFAS. This accumulation can act as a long‐term source for PFAS, thus making downgradient treatment of groundwater a long‐term requirement. A solution of CAC was injected at the air–water interface within the source zone at a site with PFAS contamination using direct push technology. A dense injection grid that targeted the interface between the air and groundwater was used to deliver the CAC. Concentrations of PFAS within the porewater and groundwater were collected using a series of nine lysimeters installed within the vadose and saturated water columns. A total of six PFAS were detected in the porewater and groundwater including perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), perfluoropentanoic acid (PFPeA), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA), perfluoroheptanoic acid (PFHpA), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA). Detectable concentrations of PFAS within the pore and groundwater before treatment ranged from values greater than 300 µg/L for PFPeA to less than 3 µg/L for PFNA. Following the injection of the CAC, monitoring of the porewater and groundwater for PFAS was conducted approximately 3, 6, 9, 12, and 18 months postinjection. The results indicated that the PFAS within the porewater and groundwater at and near the air–water interface was effectively attenuated over the 1.5‐year monitoring program, with PFAS concentrations being below the method detection limits of approximately 10 ng/L, with the exception of PFPeA, which was detected within the porewater during the 18‐month sampling event at concentrations of up to 55 ng/L. PFPeA is a five carbon‐chained PFAS that has been shown to have a lower affinity for sorption onto activated carbon compared to the longer carbon‐chained PFAS such as PFOA. Examination of aquifer cores in the zone of injection indicated that the total organic carbon concentration of the aquifer increased by five orders of magnitude postinjection, with 97% of the samples collected within the target injection area containing activated carbon, indicating that the CAC was successfully delivered into the source zone.
Serum ferritin level as a prognostic biomarker for predicting dengue disease severity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Shukla Shridhar , Jadhav Santosh M. , Gurav Yogesh K. , Parashar Deepti , Alagarasu Kalichamy 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSerum ferritin levels serves as biomarkers in many inflammatory and infectious diseases. This current systematic review and meta‐analysis evaluated whether serum ferritin levels are associated with severe dengue and its utility as a biomarker of disease severity. Literature searches were conducted in PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, the Cochrane library, and Google Scholar. A total of 18 studies examining the serum ferritin levels in dengue cases in the context of disease severity (nine studies having dengue classification as non‐severe vs. severe dengue cases, and nine studies having dengue classification as dengue without warning signs (DwoWS), dengue with warning signs (DwWS), and severe dengue cases) were included and the quality of the studies was assessed using the Quality in Prognostic Factor Studies tool. The meta‐analysis was performed using STATA software to calculate the effect size as a standardized mean difference (SMD) or Hedges ‘g’ for the continuous outcome. Higher serum ferritin levels were found in severe dengue cases compared to non‐severe cases [SMD (Hedges ‘g’) 4.05 (95% C.I. 2.09–6.00), (I2 = 98.8%)]. In the second group, DwWS cases showed high serum ferritin levels compared to DwoWS [SMD 2.01 (95% C.I. 0.92–3.10), (I2 = 97.89%)], and severe dengue cases showed higher levels of serum ferritin compared to DwWS [SMD 2.66 (95% C.I. 1.72–4.48), (I2 = 98.78%)] and DwoWS cases [SMD 6.65 (95% C.I. 1.72–11.59), (I2 = 99.78%]. Subgroup analysis for the country of study (India vs. others), ferritin testing methods, and ferritin measurement day revealed testing method as a significant contributor to heterogeneity. To conclude, the present study suggests serum ferritin as a prognostic marker for dengue disease severity. Multi‐centric studies involving a large number of dengue patients with a uniform case definition accounting for all the confounding variables might help in determining a universal cut‐off value to discriminate between non‐severe and severe dengue.
Understand your rights before you discuss your religious beliefs at work
Authors: McCarthy Claudine 
Published: June 2023

BOSTON — Although some student affairs professionals and faculty members have the desire to express their religious/spiritual beliefs in the workplace, they tend to hesitate to do so because they fear being pigeonholed, thwarted, or becoming a source of controversy, and they often misunderstand their legal rights in this area. That's according to Christy Moran Craft, Ph.D., Professor and Department Chair at Kansas State University, who gave a presentation at the annual conference for NASPA — Student Affairs Administrators in Higher Education.
Rising cost of living impacts higher ed leaders
Authors: Arnett Autumn A. 
Published: June 2023

In her first week as President of Huston‐Tillotson University, Melva K. Williams, Ph.D., learned several of her faculty and staff were couch‐surfing, commuting long distances, and sleeping in their offices in the mornings and late afternoons while they waited out traffic to make the long drives back to their homes in places way outside of Austin's city limits. “They’ve got to do something to get that rent down,” Williams said of city officials.
Attaining multiple sustainable development goals through storage hydropower development amidst community vulnerabilities
Authors: Bhattarai Utsav , Devkota Rohini , Maraseni Tek , Devkota Laxmi , Marahatta Suresh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEvery energy generation technology, including hydropower, has its own strengths and shortcomings. We carried out vulnerability assessment (VA) applying a bottom‐up multi‐disciplinary indicator‐based method considering people's perception of five dimensions of a storage type (ST) “national pride” hydropower project–1200 MW Budhi Gandaki Hydropower Project (BGHP) in Nepal. We also examined how ST projects can contribute to sustainable development goals (SDGs) overcoming the vulnerabilities. Primary data on people's perception were collected through focus group discussions and 200 household questionnaire surveys conducted within the most vulnerable areas. People perceived the “Physical” dimension as the most impactful. The local community is optimistic about some infrastructure development, but issues related to compensation, resettlement and physical stressors were found to be very sensitive for the effective implementation of the project. Expectations of the local people and proposed plans by the government are concurrent in some issues but not in all. Our analysis shows that the BGHP has the potential to be multi‐dimensionally beneficial (to eight SDGs) for Nepal, provided that supportive policies are formulated and implemented stringently. Extending the project as multi‐purpose, pumped storage and other improvements such as floatovoltaics are some of the plausible recommendations for harnessing maximum benefits from this important project while minimizing threats. Moreover, the methodological framework can be conveniently replicated for conducting VA of hydropower projects under comparable physical and socio‐economic conditions.
Fluoride Ions Effect on the Corrosion Behavior of Pure Aluminum in Deaerated 0.05 M Sulfuric Acid Solutions
Authors: Alam Md. Ashraful , Jahan Aklima , Suzuki Eiichi , Yashiro Hitoshi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe corrosion study of aluminum‐based materials is the topic of a great scientific attention because of increasing the applications in many sectors of these materials. The fluoride ions (F−) effect on the corrosion behavior of pure aluminum in deaerated 0.05 M sulfuric acid (H2SO4) solutions at 25 °C was investigated. The electrochemical measurements such as open circuit potential and potentiodynamic polarization were accomplished to study the effect of fluoride and sulfate ions present in the test solutions. The optical microscopic and atomic force microscopic images were taken to view the morphologies and surface roughness of pure aluminum which coincidence with the corrosion rates found from the immersion of the test specimens using weight loss method. The surface morphology and elemental compositions of pure aluminum was evaluated by scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy, respectively. The results showed that the general corrosion was formed on the surface of pure aluminum. It is also revealed that the surface roughness and amount of corrosion of pure aluminum were increased by the presence of even a very small amount of fluoride ions in deaerated sulfuric acid solutions.
High‐Contrast Optical Nitrile‐Rich Molecular Switches: Synthesis of Pyrrol‐2‐ones Containing a Butadienetricarbonitrile Fragment and Kinetics of Their Reversible Interaction with Morpholine
Authors: Yu. Belikov Mikhail , Milovidova Angelina G. , Yu. Ievlev Mikhail 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDirect synthesis of previously undescribed 5‐aryl‐substituted pyrrol‐2‐one derivatives containing a butadienetricarbonitrile (BDTC) acceptor was carried out. The kinetics of their reversible interaction with morpholine accompanied with high‐contrast color changes in acetonitrile solution was studied for the first time. It was found that the electronic effects of substituents in aromatic ring had a direct effect on the reaction rate and extent, that was supported by the observed linearity between the estimated equilibrium constants and the electrophilic Hammett constants.
Design and Synthesis of Michael Acceptor‐Based Peptidyl β‐Nitrostyrenes as 3CLpro Inhibitors of SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Sharma Sweta , Yakkala Prasanna Anjaneyulu , Aboti Jyoti , Latief Insha , Ansari Mairaj Ahmed , Khan Wajihul Hasan , Shafi Syed 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSevere Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 main protease was found to be one of the most attractive anti‐viral targets for the development of new chemical entities to combat coronavirus and Michael acceptors were found to be appropriate 3‐chymotrypsin‐like protease inhibitors of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2. In this regard, a series of Michael acceptor‐based peptidyl β‐nitrostyrenes were synthesized and evaluated for their Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 3‐chymotrypsin‐like protease inhibitory potentials using a 3‐chymotrypsin‐like protease of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 assay kit. Among the compounds evaluated, (E)‐N‐(2‐morpholino‐2‐oxo‐1‐phenylethyl)‐2‐(4‐(2‐nitrobut‐1‐en‐1‐yl)phenoxy)acetamide demonstrated better inhibition with an effective concentration (EC50) of 58 μM. In silico ADME predictions showed that the majority of these compounds have drug‐like properties. Furthermore, free energy calculation (ΔG Bind) and docking results demonstrate the suitable fitting of most active compound at the active site of the enzyme. Based on the in vitro and in silico studies, peptidyl β‐nitrostyrene based Michael acceptors could serve as an excellent ligand for the inhibition of 3‐chymotrypsin‐like protease of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus 2 and may be used as a potential template for further development of bioactive ligands to treat CORONA VIRUS Disease of 2019.
AI and formative assessment: The train has left the station
Authors: Zhai Xiaoming , Nehm Ross H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn response to Li, Reigh, He, and Miller's commentary, Can we and should we use artificial intelligence for formative assessment in science, we argue that artificial intelligence (AI) is already being widely employed in formative assessment across various educational contexts. While agreeing with Li et al.'s call for further studies on equity issues related to AI, we emphasize the need for science educators to adapt to the AI revolution that has outpaced the research community. We challenge the somewhat restrictive view of formative assessment presented by Li et al., highlighting the significant contributions of AI in providing formative feedback to students, assisting teachers in assessment practices, and aiding in instructional decisions. We contend that AI‐generated scores should not be equated with the entirety of formative assessment practice; no single assessment tool can capture all aspects of student thinking and backgrounds. We address concerns raised by Li et al. regarding AI bias and emphasize the importance of empirical testing and evidence‐based arguments in referring to bias. We assert that AI‐based formative assessment does not necessarily lead to inequity and can, in fact, contribute to more equitable educational experiences. Furthermore, we discuss how AI can facilitate the diversification of representational modalities in assessment practices and highlight the potential benefits of AI in saving teachers’ time and providing them with valuable assessment information. We call for a shift in perspective, from viewing AI as a problem to be solved to recognizing its potential as a collaborative tool in education. We emphasize the need for future research to focus on the effective integration of AI in classrooms, teacher education, and the development of AI systems that can adapt to diverse teaching and learning contexts. We conclude by underlining the importance of addressing AI bias, understanding its implications, and developing guidelines for best practices in AI‐based formative assessment.
Optimization Bidding Strategy on Day Ahead and Balancing Market of PV Generator Considering Battery Integration
Authors: Jie Bo , Cui Jindan , Fang Xue , Oozeki Takashi , Ueda Yuzuru 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTo realize Carbon Neutrality, renewable energy would be the main source of electricity, such as photovoltaic (PV) power generation in the Japanese power system. However, a decrease in the number of operating thermal generators, the main source of balancing power in the Japanese balancing market, is causing concerns regarding a shortage of balancing power in the future. PV can therefore provide balancing power in addition to energy; thus, the PV power economic value in electricity markets will become diversified. A solution examination and rationality analysis of technical issues for PV‐based balancing power creation are needed. Here, by applying the proposed headroom control method based on the PV output curtailment beforehand, PV generator optimizes benefit by bidding into the balancing market when the spot market price is very low. Optimizing the bidding strategy on the spot market and balancing market is conducted, and battery integration is also considered. The optimization simulation results validate the possibility of creating balancing power by a PV power producer, and the total revenue valuation verifies a more beneficial effect. © 2023 Institute of Electrical Engineer of Japan and Wiley Periodicals LLC.
Brexpiprazole suppresses cell proliferation and de novo lipogenesis through AMPK/SREBP1 pathway in colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Ting , Liu Xiaojie , Long Xiaoyi , Li Yangyou , Xiang Jin , Lv Yuanxia , Zhao Xiaoyang , Shi Shaoqing , Chen Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveIn the present study, we investigated the role of brexpiprazole on cell proliferation and lipogenesis in colorectal cancer (CRC) and its molecular mechanism.MethodsThe effect of brexpiprazole on CRC cell proliferation was determined by CCK‐8, EdU assay, cell clone formation. The flow cytometry was evaluated cell cycle. Differential expression genes (DEGs) were identified by RNA‐seq assay after treating HCT116 cells with or without 20 μM brexpiprazole for 24 h. Then, the top 120 DEGs were analyzed by GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. After that, Oil red O staining and the levels of total cholestenone and triglyceride were measured to assess lipogenesis capacity in CRC cells. The related molecules of cell proliferation, lipogenic and AMPK/SREBP1 signal pathways were measured by q‐PCR, western blot and immunohistochemical staining.ResultsBrexpiprazole remarkably suppressed cell proliferation, lipogenesis, and induced cell cycle arrest in CRC. The underlying mechanisms probably involved the suppression of SREBP1 and the stimulation of AMPK.ConclusionBrexpiprazole inhibited cell proliferation and de novo lipogenesis through AMPK/SREBP1 pathway in CRC.
MicroRNAs as powerful tool against COVID‐19: Computational perspective
Authors: Omer Ankur 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 is the virus that is responsible for the current pandemic, COVID‐19 (SARS‐CoV‐2). MiRNAs, a component of RNAi technology, belong to the family of short, noncoding ssRNAs, and may be crucial in the battle against this global threat since they are involved in regulating complex biochemical pathways and may prevent viral proliferation, translation, and host expression. The complicated metabolic pathways are modulated by the activity of many proteins, mRNAs, and miRNAs working together in miRNA‐mediated genetic control. The amount of omics data has increased dramatically in recent years. This massive, linked, yet complex metabolic regulatory network data offers a wealth of opportunity for iterative analysis; hence, extensive, in‐depth, but time‐efficient screening is necessary to acquire fresh discoveries; this is readily performed with the use of bioinformatics. We have reviewed the literature on microRNAs, bioinformatics, and COVID‐19 infection to summarize (1) the function of miRNAs in combating COVID‐19, and (2) the use of computational methods in combating COVID‐19 in certain noteworthy studies, and (3) computational tools used by these studies against COVID‐19 in several purposes.This article is categorized under:
Infectious Diseases > Computational Models
Monte Carlo Simulation Applicable for Predictive Algorithm Analysis in Aerospace
Authors: Bautista-Hernández Jorge , Martín-Prats María Ángeles 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSafety investigations about electrical wiring harness caused by failures in electrical systems establish that origin of these accidents are related to electrical installation. Predictive techniques which mitigate and reduce risk of the occurrence of errors to enhance safety shall be considered. The development of machine learning has evolved towards the creation of innovative predictive algorithms which show high performance in data analysis and making predictions in the context of artificial intelligence. The Monte Carlo approach is used to validate the model performance. In this paper, Monte Carlo simulation was used to evaluate the level of the uncertainty of the selected parameters over 1000 runs. This study analyzes the reliability of the predictive algorithm in order to be implemented as an automatic error predictor in aerospace. The results obtained are within the expected range suggesting that the model used is accurate and reliable.
Embedding formalism for (p, q) AdS superspaces in three dimensions
Authors: Kuzenko Sergei M. , Turner Kai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We develop an embedding formalism for (p, q) anti-de Sitter (AdS) superspaces in three dimensions by using a modified version of their supertwistor description given in the literature. A coset construction for these superspaces is worked out. We put forward a program of constructing a supersymmetric analogue of the Bañados metric, which is expected to be a deformation of the (p, q) AdS superspace geometry by a two-dimensional conformal (p, q) supercurrent multiplet.