bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on low back pain in patients with prolapsed intervertebral disc: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Singh Girish K. , Talawar Praveen , Kumar Ajit , Sharma Ravi S. , Purohit Gaurav , Bhandari Baibhav 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT

Background and Aims:
Prolapsed intervertebral disc (IVDP) is a major cause of low back pain. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a viable option for these patients, with fewer adverse effects and long-term sustainability of pain relief. This double-blinded, randomised study aimed to evaluate the effect of autologous PRP on low back pain in patients with IVDP.

Methods:
A total of 42 patients with IVDP were randomised either to the autologous PRP (n = 21) group or control (epidural local anaesthetics with steroids; n = 21) group. Change in pain was assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Impact of treatment was assessed using the Global Perceived Effect (GPE) scale. All the patients were followed up for six months. Data was compared using Chi-square, independent sample t, and Mann–Whitney U tests.

Results:
The two groups were similar in their demographic and clinical profile. The baseline mean NRS ± standard deviation (SD) was 6.91 ± 0.94 in the PRP group and 7.38 ± 1.16 in the control group (P = 0.099). At six months, the mean NRS ± SD was 1.43 ± 0.75 in the PRP group compared to 5.43 ± 0.75 in the control group (P < 0.001). The GPE score was also found to be significantly higher in the PRP group, compared to the control group in the final assessment (P < 0.001). During the course of the study, the PRP group showed a consistent decline in NRS, whereas the control group showed an initial decline followed by consistent increase in NRS.

Conclusion:
PRP provided sustained relief from low back pain due to IVDP and can be recommended as a safe and promising alternative to epidural local anaesthetics and steroids.
Waiting time and patients' satisfaction in the emergency department in Taif city, Saudi Arabia
Authors: Jawhari Amjad Mohammed , Alnefaie Abdulelah Mohammed , Alqurashi Alsharif Mohammad , Yusuf Majid Bashir , Alhijjy Khaled Faisal , Alosaimi Mohammed Abdullah , Atallah Hashim Mohammad , Alnofaiey Yasser Hussain 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Patients' satisfaction in emergency departments (EDs) could be improved by providing estimates of the expected waiting time.

Aim:
The aim of this study was to determine waiting time and assess patients' satisfaction in EDs.

Setting and Design:
A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in Taif city included patients who come to EDs of three main hospitals throughout the period from mid-August to mid-September 2022 if they aged from 18 to 65 years.

Materials and Methods:
Data were collected through a pretested Arabic version of the Brief Emergency Department Patient Satisfaction Scale questionnaire.

Statistical Analysis:
Data were entered into the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 26 for Windows.

Results:
The study included 612 patients. Almost a quarter (23%) aged 25–34 years. Regarding satisfaction of patients with ED, the highest score was observed concerning physicians' care (4.31 ± 0.88) whereas the lowest satisfaction score was reported regarding arrival in reception (AIR) (3.57 ± 1.08). The highest score was observed among those who attended King Faisal Medical Complex (4.19 ± 0.74), whereas the lowest score was observed among those who attended Alhada Armed Forces Hospital (3.75 ± 0.91), P < 0.001. The highest score of satisfaction was observed among patients aged 65 years/above (4.08 ± 0.76), P = 0.041. Non-Saudi patients were more likely to be satisfied compared to Saudi patients (4.33 ± 0.77 vs. 3.89 ± 0.87), P < 0.001. Patients who did not read/write were more likely to be satisfied compared to educated patients (4.23 ± 0.83 vs. 3.89 ± 0.87), P = 0.001. The waiting time exceeded 2 h among 13.9% of patients. With decreasing the waiting time, the patients' satisfaction with ED was increasing, P < 0.001.

Conclusion:
The overall patients' satisfaction with ED was high; it was lowest regarding AIR. In addition, longer waiting time was associated with patients' dissatisfaction.
Severity and antibodies profile of seropositive myasthenia gravis
Authors: Alkhotani Amal M , Alrishi Nouf 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Myasthenia gravis (MG), an autoimmune disease, affects the neuromuscular junction. The impaired neuromuscular transmission results in fatigable muscle weakness among MG patients. Positive antibodies are found among MG patients.

Aims:
The main aim of this study is to evaluate the correlation of MG severity with their anti-muscle-specific kinase (MUSK) and anti-acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody status. Moreover, the study also identifies the correlation between the antibodies profile and the severity of a seropositive MG.

Setting and Design:
This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the tertiary center of the western region of Saudi Arabia named King Abdullah Medical City (Makkah) over 8 years, from January 2011 to December 2019.

Materials and Methods:
This retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia in King Abdullah Medical City (Makkah) over 8 years, from January 2011 to December 2019 was reviewed. Seventeen patients out of 27 MG patients came out to be seropositive. The correlation was investigated between severity and antibody status.

Statistical Analysis:
Data were collected in an Excel sheet, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21 software.

Results:
The results showed that most patients (87.5%) were positive for AChR antibodies only, while others (12.5%) were positive for anti-MUSK and anti-AChR. Thymoma and crisis were observed in 100% with dual seropositivity and 21% with single seropositivity.

Conclusion:
The study concluded that a severely aggressive course of MG is present among patients. However, detailed clinical trial studies are required for conforming MG severity and dual seropositivity.
Radiographic manifestations of tuberculosis in HIV-co-infected patients and correlation of the findings with CD4 counts
Authors: Takhar Rajendra Prasad , Saran Rama Kishan , Saran Sanya , Maan Lokesh , Bainara Mahendra Kumar , Purohit Gopal 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Chest X-ray plays a vital role in diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in HIV infection. These patients present with variable chest radiographic presentation, making diagnosis and treatment of TB notoriously challenging and increasing the risk of treatment failure, relapse, and even death.

Aims:
The objective of this study was to identify various radiological patterns of TB in HIV-TB-co-infected patients and to correlate with CD4 count.

Setting and Design:
This was an analytical cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary care center in the southern part of Rajasthan, India.

Materials and Methods:
In our study, 110 consecutive patients with pulmonary TB-HIV co-infection were subjected to chest radiographs and evaluated for the types of lesion/TB; anatomical distribution, and type of radiological shadows. The findings were correlated with CD4 counts and sputum acid-fast bacilli (AFB) status. The main outcome measures were radiological shadows and their correlation with level of immune suppression. The sample size was 110 patients.

Results:
Patients of Group I (CD4 <200) had significantly more involvement of mid and lower zones than Group II (CD4 >200). Nodular shadow (54.1% vs. 46.9%), consolidation (28.4% vs. 25.0%), hilar lymphadenopathy (23.0% vs. 9.4%), and miliary shadow (9.5% vs. 3.1%) in Group I, while cavitation (25.0% vs. 20.3%) and pleural effusion (18.8% vs. 16.2%) were more frequent in Group II. In Group I, consolidation (44.8% vs. 17.8%, P = 0.012) while in Group II, both consolidation (46.2% vs. 10.5%, P = 0.038) and cavitation (46.2% vs. 10.5%, P = 0.038) were present in significantly higher proportion in AFB-positive cases.

Conclusion:
A wide spectrum of radiographic shadows in consonance with varying CD4 counts was observed in the study. Along with well-known atypical radiological findings, some features were present throughout spectrum of CD4 counts, indicating that TB should be considered in this group of patients with these radiographic presentations, regardless of CD4 count. The small study population, majority of the patients' already hospitalized indicating serious nature of illness. In addition, no prospective follow-up of the study population to identify over the time changes in radiological pattern.
Efectos de un programa de entrenamiento aeróbico en el tiempo de reacción y la metilación de ADN del gen SHANK3 en niños con trastorno de espectro autista: un estudio piloto
Authors: Hernandez Sandoval Erika Yolanda , Alvis-Gómez Karim-Martina , Arboleda Granados Humberto , Concha-Mera Ana-Gabriela 
Published: March 2023

Introducción: El trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) es un trastorno del neurodesarrollo que provoca déficits en áreas cognitivas y motoras y es causado por varios mecanismos, entre ellos la regulación epigenética. Los procesos epigenéticos pueden verse influenciados por factores ambientales como el ejercicio físico.
Objetivo: Analizar el efecto de un programa de ejercicio físico aeróbico (EFA) en el tiempo de reacción simple (TRS) y la metilación del ADN de la isla 2 del gen SHANK3 en niños con TEA.
Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuasiexperimental realizado con un grupo de 9 niños (7-11 años) con TEA, que participaron en un programa de EFA de 10 semanas. Las diferencias en el TRS y la metilación de ADN fueron analizadas mediante la prueba de Kruskall-Wallis, considerando un nivel de significancia de p<0.05.
Resultados: La mediana del TRS disminuyó después del programa de entrenamiento. Sin embargo, no se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa (p=0.53). Se observó un patrón de hipermetilación en 11 de los dinucleótidos, tanto antes como después del entrenamiento, y se encontró una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en la posición CpG108 (p=0.032).
Conclusión: Un programa de entrenamiento basado en EFA de intensidad moderada a vigorosa tiene el potencial de modificar el TRS y la metilación del ADN en niños con TEA. No obstante, es necesario realizar nuevos estudios con muestras más grandes y en los que se analicen más genes, para corroborar los resultados aquí descritos y fortalecer el conocimiento sobre el efecto del ejercicio en los procesos epigenéticos de esta población.
SUG‘URTA FRANSHIZASI VA UNING TURLARI HAQIDA
Authors: Abdixakimov Islombek 
Published: March 2023

Ushbu maqolada sug‘urta shartnomasida qo‘llaniladigan franshiza moliyaviy instrumenti haqida so‘z yuritiladi. Shuningdek, maqolada franshiza nima ekanligi, uning sug‘urta shartnomasidagi o‘rni hamda uning turlari muhokama etiladi. Sug‘urta franshizasining sug‘urta shartnomasi ishtirokchilari uchun afzalliklari tahlil etiladi.
Effects of Covid 19 Pandemic on Tourism in Tanzania
Authors: Baraka Godfrey 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The study sought to analyze the effects of Covid 19 pandemic on tourism in Tanzania.
Methodology: The study adopted a desktop methodology. Desk research refers to secondary data or that which can be collected without fieldwork. Desk research is basically involved in collecting data from existing resources hence it is often considered a low cost technique as compared to field research, as the main cost is involved in executive’s time, telephone charges and directories. Thus, the study relied on already published studies, reports and statistics. This secondary data was easily accessed through the online journals and library.
Findings: The results show that showed that The COVID-19 pandemic has caused significant disruptions in the global economy. By the end of the first quarter of 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic had brought international travel to an abrupt halt and significantly impacted the tourism industry. For many developed and developing countries, the tourism sector is a major source of employment, government revenue and foreign exchange earnings. Without this vital lifeline, many countries may experience a dramatic contraction in GDP and a rise in unemployment.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Theory of planned behavior and evolution of value chain theory may be used to anchor future studies in the tourism sector. The study results will also benefit other stakeholders such as the policy makers as well as researchers and scholars from different parts of the world. The top management of tourism industries in the country will also use the study findings to improve health performance in all their activities and programs. The study recommends that the adoption of effective social protection development policies in the tourism sector will help to improve efficiency in their major operations and activities.
Correlates of HIV Infection among Men who have Sex with Men in Mvita Sub-County, Mombasa County, Kenya
Authors: K Wangui , Ngure Kenneth , Adem Aggrey 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The broad objective of the study was to determine the correlates of HIV infection among men who have sex with men in Mvita sub-county, Mombasa County, by December 2020.
Methodology: Descriptive cross-sectional study design using quantitative methods was used to collect data from a study population which included 121 HIV positive and 119 HIV negative MSM. The respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was used to obtain the sample of respondents while chi-square and multivariable logistic regression were used to identify the variables which were associated with HIV infection. Data generated from the questionnaires was collected, cleaned, coded and analyzed using STATA software Version 17. Level of significance was fixed at p=0.05, with a 95% confidence interval.
Findings: Majority of the MSM (51%) were between 19-29 years, were single (71%), were christian (60%) had attained primary education (45%), were working (63%), 55% had an income of less than Ksh. 5000 but only 38% were married to a female. Majority (91%) of HIV negative MSM accessed PEP/PrEP and only 70% used PEP/PrEP for HIV prevention. However, majority (60%) of HIV positive MSM had anal sex with multiple casual male partners, 49% sometimes had condomless insertive anal sex while 49% had condomless receptive anal sex. HIV positive MSM also had anal sex more than once while high on alcohol (41%), always used drugs before engaging in anal sex (33%) and were non-adherent to ARVs, PrEP/PEP due to lack of transport (66%), alcohol use (24%), and drug use (15%), among other factors.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: From the study findings, the Government/NGO must address the MSM issues for instance, by increasing the number of HIV programmes targeting MSM, adequately funding them and actively engaging the MSM in running the them. Also, by sensitizing the communities, human right groups, religious leaders, politicians and other stake holders on matters pertaining MSM and lobbying for the review of the laws that criminalizes same sex relationship.
The Green Party and Germany’s Environment: Integration, Influence, and Comparisons
Authors: Kaza Nitish , Smith Ashley 
Published: March 2023

The German Greens are helping Germany continue its legacy of being eco-friendly. This paper covers the history of the German Green Party. It will evaluate the success of the party and the reasons for its success. In addition, it will compare the German Greens to the United States Green Party in terms of their vote wins in elections and impact on their respective countries’ environments. The German Greens are known to be highly successful, forming coalitions with several big-name German parties. The party won 20.5% of votes in the 2019 European Election. In comparison, the US Green Party is not as well known. It was found that the German Green Party won a steadily increasing number of votes in every election, while the US Green Party had an overall decrease in the number of votes won every election. In addition, Germany has decreased its carbon dioxide emissions since 1971, while the US yearly carbon emission totals have increased. Because the Green Parties from the two countries have very similar policies, the reasons for their gap in success will be explored. In doing this, the conditions and actions required to form a highly dynamic political party will be indicated. Given the imminent problem of environmental degradation, this research endeavor would help countries and political parties understand how to properly care for the planet. It will also examine the direct impact of the strength of a political party on its country’s culture.
Analysis of the Influence of Flying Doctor Programs in Handling Stunting on Patient Satisfaction at Public Health Centre Panyabungan Jae District Mandailing Natal
Authors: Damanik Josua David Fitalino , Amirah Asriwati , Aini Nur 
Published: March 2023

This study aims to analyze the effect of the implementation of the flying doctor program in handling stunting on patient satisfaction at the Panyabungan Jae Public Health Center Mandailing Natal Regency. This research is a quantitative study with a cross-sectional study design conducted at the Panyabungan Jae Public Health Center Mandailing Natal Regency in September-October 2022. Data were analyzed using the Chi Square test and logistic regression. The results of the univariate study showed that out of 67 respondents, the majority were aged 26-35 years, namely 31 (46.3%), had high school education, namely 35 (52.2%), worked as housewives, namely 37 (55.2%). Bivariate results showed that there was an effect of flying doctor communication (p=0.000), there was an effect of flying doctor responsiveness in handling stunting (p=0.028), provision of education in stunting management (p=0.000), competency in stunting management on patient satisfaction at the Panyabungan Public Health Center Mandailing Natal Regency for 2022 (p=0.000). The multivariate results show that the variable that influences patient satisfaction at the Panyabungan Jae Public Health Center Mandailing Natal Regency in 2022, is the variable providing education. The conclusion in this study is that all research variables in this study, namely communication of flying doctors, responsiveness, provision of education and competence affect patient satisfaction at the Panyabungan Jae Health Center, Mandailing Natal Regency, and the variables of providing education are the most influential (p = 0.000 OR = 10.935).
A INCLUSÃO SOCIAL POR MEIO DA GESTÃO ESPORTIVA EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO PRESENTE NA CIDADE DE GOIÁS
Authors: Oliveira Diogo de , Da Silva Nogueira Italo Camilo 
Published: March 2023

O presente trabalho visa demonstrar como a gestão esportiva em uma instituição filantrópica pode auxiliar como ferramenta de inclusão social. Na decorrência do trabalho foram utilizados alguns tipos de pesquisas como a bibliográfica descritiva, de campo e a entrevista, para um melhor entendimento do presente estudo. Foram realizadas entrevistas com dois gestores da instituição no intuito de compreender melhor a forma de trabalho dentro da instituição. O resultado da pesquisa foi a elaboração de um Plano de Ação, projetando conseguir investimentos, parcerias e um centro de capacitação visando alcançar um maior público, sendo este de grande importância, e para a instituição diante da sociedade.
Status of MDR and Plasmid Profiling of ESBL producing E. coli and Klebsiella spp. isolated from milk of Bovine in Gangetic Plain Zone of Uttar Pradesh
Authors: Yadav Vibha , Joshi Rajesh Kumar , Joshi Namita , Singh Satyvart , Maurya Satyendra Kumar , Srivastava Dharam Prakash , Gupta Rakesh Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Nowadays resistance to antibiotics of β-lactam groups is expanding rapidly and is one of the latest challenges faced by scientific community due to therapeutic failure. In the present study total 180 milk samples were collected from two district of Gangetic Plain Zone of Uttar Pradesh (India). Total 65 (36.11%) isolates were confirmed comprising 44 (24.4%) E. coli and 21 (11.67%) Klebsiella spp. by PCR analysis using uidA gene and 16S rRNA gene respectively, 35/180 (19.44%) isolates were confirmed as ESBL producers, constituting 12 (6.67%) E. coli and 23 (12.8%) Klebsiella spp. All ESBL positive isolates were subjected to antimicrobial resistance pattern using 17 antibiotics of 10 different classes. In this study all the isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. were found 100% resistant to cefotaxime, cefpodoxime, ceftriazone and ampicillin. Both the isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella spp. revealed different susceptibility pattern to different non-β-lactam antibiotics except aminoglycosides class of antibiotics for which both the isolates were found 100% sensitive. The multi-drug resistance pattern was assessed by using MAR index. Out of total ESBL producers, 80.0% isolates were found MDR with 78.0% E. coli and 83.0% Klebsiella spp. Overall 12 resistance pattern were observed for E. coli ranging from 5 to 12 antibiotics and 09 for Klebsiella spp. ranging from 5 to 14 antibiotics. Plasmid profiling revealed total 71.42% isolates carrying plasmids with average molecular weight ranged between 1.0 Kb to > 10 Kb and number1-4.
Entrevista com Fan Xing
Authors: Guerini Andréia , Ye Li , Zhang Xiang 
Published: March 2023

Entrevista com FAN Xing, que é professora assistente do Departamento de Espanhol, Português e Italiano (https://deyp.sfl.pku.edu.cn/) da Universidade de Pequim, atuando nas áreas de Literatura Brasileira, Estudos Culturais e Tradução Literária. É doutora e mestre em Teoria e História Literária pela Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Traduziu do português para o chinês Tenda dos Milagres, A Morte e a Morte de Quincas Berro d’Água, Três Contos Ilustrados e O Menino Grapiúna, de Jorge Amado; Brasil: País do Futuro, de Stefan Zweig; O Demônio e a Srta. Prym, de Paulo Coelho; Jesusalém, de Mia Couto, entre outros. Fan Xing participou como colaboradora e tradutora da edição bilíngue chinês/português do livro Ai Qing Viagem à América do Sul, que recebeu o prêmio ABEU em 2020 e no mesmo ano foi um dos finalistas do Prêmio Jabuti na categoria tradução. A sua tradução de Jesusalém foi eleita como um dos dez melhores livros em 2018 pelo jornal chinês Jing Bao. Além de se dedicar ao ensino da língua portuguesa e da tradução literária, Fan Xing também faz pesquisas na área e tem publicado frequentemente artigos em revistas da China e do Brasil. Nesta entrevista, Fan Xing nos conta sobre o seu percurso acadêmico, a sua carreira como professora universitária de língua portuguesa, o interesse do mercado chinês pelas obras literárias de língua portuguesa e ainda compartilha a sua experiência como tradutora literária.
Adaptation of Courts to Disruption
Authors: Ng Gar Yein 
Published: March 2023

This article reflects on how courts in the USA and England have remained active and resilient in providing access to justice, or due process, during times of emergency and disruptive events. The focus here is not to define emergencies per se but to analyse the impact of emergencies and disruptive events that interrupt the functioning of courts and access to justice. The article provides a brief examination of some emergencies and disruptions and the expected responses to those interruptions. The question for this paper is: how do courts adapt (or are adapted) in times of emergencies that disrupt their ordinary operation, both in terms of continuity of operations and in terms of protection of rights through judicial review? This paper will primarily examine two common law examples (from England and the USA) of how the courts adapted to such disruptions.