bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Development of etching paste for serial number restoration on aluminum engine block
Authors: Uysal Serdar , Yildiz Emrecan , Armutcu Canan , Yalçın Sarıbey Aylin , Uzun Lokman 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEngine numbers, which involve information regarding the engine type, production number, and year and place of manufacture, are used for identification purposes. Comprising of unique alphanumeric characters, the engine numbers are fully or partially obliterated especially in auto theft and smuggling cases to conceal the origin, identity, and owner of vehicles. The limitations of the current restoration techniques such as the difficulty of using chemical liquid etching in vertical sites, the restrictions of magnetic and optical methods, and the applicability of several techniques like electron backscatter diffraction only in the laboratory environment prompt the development of new techniques. In view of these limitations and the importance of restoring engine numbers in criminal investigations, this unique study aimed to develop an etching paste that would restore the effaced characters on a real aluminum alloy engine block. The characters which were cold‐stamped on the engine block were milled at varying depths and restoration attempts were conducted using etching pastes formed with different chemicals and materials. The analyses indicate that the etching paste formed with 200 mg of perlite, 400 mg of iron powder, and 450 μL of 20 M NaOH provided restoration to a good extent. The prevention of over‐etching through the controlling of the chemical reaction and the cost‐effectiveness appears to be the advantages of this technique. The success of recovery on the real engine block, the facilitation of restoration on curved surfaces, and the chance of on‐site usage will likely make the etching paste a widely used tool in serial number restoration.
CircCRIM1 mediates proliferation, migration, and invasion of trophoblast cell through regulating miR‐942‐5p/IL1RAP axis
Authors: Yu Fen , Xing Jie , Li Lingyun , Xiang Mi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPreeclampsia (PE) is a severe complication that occurs during pregnancy and a main cause of perinatal mortality of mothers as well as infants, which is characterized by abnormal placental trophoblast. Previous study reported that aberrant circular RNA (circRNA) was involved in the pathogenesis and progression of PE. Herein, we aimed to investigate the role of circCRIM1 and explore the mechanism of circCRIM1 in PE.MethodsThe quantitative real‐time PCR (qRT‐PCR) was conducted to determine the relative expression of circCRIM1, miR‐942‐5p, and IL1RAP in tissues and cells. Cell proliferation viability was assessed by both MTT and EdU assays. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed using flow cytometry. Transwell assay was performed to test the cell migration and invasion. The protein levels of CyclinD1, MMP9, MMP2, and IL1RAP were measured by western blot. The putative binding sites between miR‐942‐5p and circCRIM1 or IL1RAP 3′UTR were verified by dual‐luciferase reporter gene assay. Rescue experiment was performed to confirm that miR‐942‐5p/IL1RAP axis was functional target of circCRIM1 in trophoblast cells.ResultsCircCRIM1 was upregulated in placenta tissues of PE and its expression was inversely related to infant weight. Overexpression of circCRIM1 suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion and reduced the protein levels of CyclinD1, MMP9, MMP2 of trophoblast cells, whereas its knockdown exerted the opposite effect. CircCRIM1 could interact with miR‐942‐5p, and introduction of miR‐942‐5p partially abated the inhibitory effect of circCRIM1 on trophoblast cell behaviors. IL1RAP was directly targeted and negatively regulated by miR‐942‐5p. miR‐942‐5p played its regulatory role on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion of trophoblast by IL1RAP. Further analysis showed that circCRIM1 modulated IL1RAP expression via sponging miR‐942‐5p.ConclusionThe results of the present study demonstrated that circCRIM1 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of trophoblast cells through sponging miR‐942‐5p and up‐regulating IL1RAP, providing a possible new mechanism of PE.
Higher rate of HBsAg loss after discontinuation of tenofovir than entecavir in patients with chronic hepatitis B
Authors: Chen Chien‐Hung , Peng Cheng‐Yuan , Hu Tsung‐Hui , Wang Jing‐Houng , Hung Chao‐Hung , Lu Sheng‐Nan 
Published: June 2023

SummaryBackground/AimsTo compare the rates of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss after discontinuation of entecavir versus tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) without cirrhosis.MethodsA total of 891 patients who received entecavir (n = 556) or TDF (n = 335) followed up post‐treatment for at least 12 months were retrospectively assessed. A total of 677 patients who had continued entecavir or TDF therapy for at least 4 years were enrolled as the continued group.ResultsPatients who discontinued TDF had higher rates of virological and clinical relapse and retreatment than patients who discontinued entecavir in both the HBeAg‐positive and HBeAg‐negative subgroups. In the entire discontinued cohort, the cumulative rates of HBsAg loss at 7 years were 22.6% and 35.4% in the entecavir and TDF groups respectively. Patients who discontinued TDF had significantly higher rates of HBsAg loss than patients who discontinued entecavir therapy in all (p = 0.019) and propensity score‐matched (p = 0.015) patients, especially among the subgroups who achieved a sustained response (p < 0.001). Cox regression analysis revealed that TDF, longer treatment duration and lower HBsAg levels at end of treatment were independently associated with HBsAg loss in the entire discontinued group. The incidence of HBsAg loss was significantly higher in the discontinued group than in the continued group after propensity score matching (p < 0.001), including HBeAg‐positive and HBeAg‐negative patients.ConclusionsPatients who discontinued TDF had significantly higher rates of HBsAg loss than patients who discontinued entecavir, especially among the subgroups without HBV relapse after cessation of therapy.
Evaluation of the drug disposition of RO7049389 with in vitro data and human mass balance supported by physiologically based pharmacokinetic modelling
Authors: Zhang Yuchen , Umehara Kenichi , Romeo Andrea A. , Singh Nand , Cantrill Carina , Savage Mark , Chen Ethan , Zhang Wen , Parrot Neil John , Paehler Axel 
Published: June 2023

AimsRO7049389 (linvencorvir) is a developmental oral treatment for chronic hepatitis B virus infection. The aim of this work was to conduct mass balance (MB) and absolute bioavailability (BA) analyses in healthy volunteers, alongside in vitro evaluations of the metabolism of RO7049389 and a major circulating active metabolite M5 in human hepatocytes, and physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modelling to refine the underlying drug disposition paradigm.MethodsParticipants in the clinical study (MB: Caucasian, male, n = 6; BA: Caucasian and Asian, male and female, n = 16, 8 in each ethnic groups) received oral [14C] or unlabelled RO7049389 (600/1000 mg) followed by 100 μg intravenous [13C]RO7049389. Metabolic pathways with fractions metabolized—obtained from the in vitro incubation results of 10 μM [14C]RO7049389 and 1 μM M5 with (long‐term cocultured) human hepatocytes in the absence and presence of the cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) inhibitor itraconazole—were used to complement the PBPK models, alongside the clinical MB and BA data.ResultsThe model performance in predicting the pharmacokinetic profiles of RO7049389 and M5 aligned with clinical observations in Caucasians and was also successfully applied to Asians. Accordingly, the drug disposition pathways for RO7049389 were postulated with newly characterized estimates of the fractions: biliary excretion by P‐glycoprotein (~41%), direct glucuronidation via uridine 5′‐diphosphoglucuronosyltransferase 1A3 (~11%), hexose conjugation (~6%), oxidation by CYP3A4 (~28%) and other oxidation reactions (~9%).ConclusionThese results support the ongoing clinical development program for RO7049389 and highlight the broader value of PBPK and MB analyses in drug development.
Towards a mechanistic understanding of the impacts of nitrogen deposition on producer–consumer interactions
Authors: Vogels Joost J. , Van de Waal Dedmer B. , WallisDeVries Michiel F. , Van den Burg Arnold B. , Nijssen Marijn , Bobbink Roland , Berg Matty P. , Olde Venterink Harry , Siepel Henk 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTNitrogen (N) deposition has increased substantially since the second half of the 20th century due to human activities. This increase of reactive N into the biosphere has major implications for ecosystem functioning, including primary production, soil and water chemistry and producer community structure and diversity. Increased N deposition is also linked to the decline of insects observed over recent decades. However, we currently lack a mechanistic understanding of the effects of high N deposition on individual fitness, species richness and community structure of both invertebrate and vertebrate consumers. Here, we review the effects of N deposition on producer–consumer interactions, focusing on five existing ecological frameworks: C:N:P ecological stoichiometry, trace element ecological stoichiometry, nutritional geometry, essential micronutrients and allelochemicals. We link reported N deposition‐mediated changes in producer quality to life‐history strategies and traits of consumers, to gain a mechanistic understanding of the direction of response in consumers. We conclude that high N deposition influences producer qualityviaeutrophication and acidification pathways. This makes oligotrophic poorly buffered ecosystems most vulnerable to significant changes in producer quality. Changes in producer quality between the reviewed frameworks are often interlinked, complicating predictions of the effects of high N deposition on producer quality. The degree and direction of fitness responses of consumers to changes in producer quality varies among species but can be explained by differences in life‐history traits and strategies, particularly those affecting species nutrient intake regulation, mobility, relative growth rate, host‐plant specialisation, ontogeny and physiology. To increase our understanding of the effects of N deposition on these complex mechanisms, the inclusion of life‐history traits of consumer species in future study designs is pivotal. Based on the reviewed literature, we formulate five hypotheses on the mechanisms underlying the effects of high N deposition on consumers, by linking effects of nutritional ecological frameworks to life‐history strategies. Importantly, we expect that N‐deposition‐mediated changes in producer quality will result in a net decrease in consumer community as well as functional diversity. Moreover, we anticipate an increased risk of outbreak events of a small subset of generalist species, with concomitant declines in a multitude of specialist species. Overall, linking ecological frameworks with consumer life‐history strategies provides a mechanistic understanding of the impacts of high N deposition on producer–consumer interactions, which can inform management towards more effective mitigation strategies.
‘It hurts to give up on a child who has already been given up’: School counsellors' perspectives on their support for children in foster care
Authors: Levkovich Inbar , Awwad‐Tabry Sawsan , Shachoach Bat Hen 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis qualitative study examines how 17 elementary school counsellors perceive their work with out‐of‐home foster‐care children. Three main themes emerged from the in‐depth semi‐structured interviews, highlighting the challenges and conflicts faced by these counsellors: (1) shying away from providing deep therapy but helping with specific issues, (2) the professional and ethical dilemmas of having to report to the authorities about foster families' domestic neglect or abuse while maintaining positive work relationships with these families and the children and (3) prevailing admiration towards the foster parents. The study recommends comprehensive training for school counsellors, administrators and staff as well as professional peer‐support groups for counsellors.
Do family ownership and control influence the consequences of IFRS adoption?
Authors: Wu Chloe Yu‐Hsuan , Hsu Hwa‐Hsien , Lin Che‐Hung 
Published: June 2023

AbstractResearch Question/IssueThis study investigates whether the impact of the mandatory adoption of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) on earnings management practices varies between family and non‐family firms. Specifically, we examine the effects of different family ownership configurations and the CEO family identity.Research Findings/InsightsWe find that firms in Taiwan use less accrual‐based earnings management (ABEM) under the IFRS but more real earnings management (REM). On average, IFRS adoption is less likely to result in upward ABEM and REM in family firms than in non‐family firms. However, family firms with greater family ownership, lower family cash–vote divergence, a founder CEO, or a professional CEO are more likely to promote the positive effect of the IFRS on ABEM and mitigate the negative effect of the IFRS on REM. Furthermore, these firms are less likely to substitute ABEM with REM after the transition to the IFRS.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsWhile recent literature has paid increasing attention to various governance characteristics that shape management's reporting incentives and, thus, affect the consequences of mandatory IFRS adoption, we focus on family firms in which the principal–principal agency relationship between controlling owners and other shareholders is salient. We highlight the effect of family owners' different agency features in relation to a structural change in the accounting regime.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsThis study addresses how a firm's corporate governance influences the net benefits of implementing new accounting standards. Our evidence offers insights to policymakers and capital market participants, showing that variations in family owners' reporting incentives may have different impacts on the consequences of adopting the IFRS.
Brain linear measurements for differentiating normal pressure hydrocephalus from Alzheimer's disease: an exploratory study
Authors: Luca Antonina , Donzuso Giulia , Mostile Giovanni , Terranova Roberta , Cicero Calogero Edoardo , Nicoletti Alessandra , Zappia Mario 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeEasy and reliable tools for the differential diagnosis between idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are needed.Materials and methodsIn this cross‐sectional study iNPH and AD patients referred to the Neurology Unit of the University of Catania from 1 January 2020 to 1 December 2022 were enrolled. The following brain linear measurements (BLMs) were calculated: Evan's index (EI), the parieto‐occipital ratio (POR) and the temporal ratio (TR). For each index, sensitivity, specificity and the area under the curve (AUC) were calculated. Moreover, a cumulative index, the BLM index, was also considered.ResultsFifty patients (25 iNPH and 25 AD) were enrolled. In differentiating iNPH from AD, EI had the highest AUC (0.956), POR had the highest specificity (100%) whilst TR had the highest sensitivity (92%). The BLM index differentiated iNPH and AD with a sensitivity of 96%, a specificity of 92% and an AUC of 0.963 with an optimal cut‐off value of 0.303.ConclusionEvan's index, POR and TR may be useful in the differential diagnosis between iNPH and AD. At an individual level, the BLM index represents a valid and reliable tool to achieve an accurate differentiation between these two conditions.
The iron chelator deferriferrichrysin induces paraptosis via extracellular signal‐related kinase activation in cancer cells
Authors: Kinoshita Natsuki , Gessho Masaya , Torii Takeru , Ashida Yukako , Akamatsu Minori , Guo Alvin Kunyao , Lee Sunmin , Katsuno Tatsuya , Nakajima Wataru , Budirahardja Yemima , Miyoshi Daisuke , Todokoro Takehiko , Ishida Hiroki , Nishikata Takahito , Kawauchi Keiko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCancer cells generally exhibit increased iron uptake, which contributes to their abnormal growth and metastatic ability. Iron chelators have thus recently attracted attention as potential anticancer agents. Here, we show that deferriferrichrysin (Dfcy), a natural product from Aspergillus oryzae acts as an iron chelator to induce paraptosis (a programmed cell death pathway characterized by ER dilation) in MCF‐7 human breast cancer cells and H1299 human lung cancer cells. We first examined the anticancer efficacy of Dfcy in cancer cells and found that Dfcy induced ER dilation and reduced the number of viable cells. Extracellular signal‐related kinase (ERK) was activated by Dfcy treatment, and the MEK inhibitor U0126, a small molecule commonly used to inhibit ERK activity, prevented the increase in ER dilation in Dfcy‐treated cells. Concomitantly, the decrease in the number of viable cells upon treatment with Dfcy was attenuated by U0126. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the iron chelator Dfcy exhibits anticancer effects via induction of ERK‐dependent paraptosis.
Preparation of h‐BN microspheres for nanocomposites with high through‐plane thermal conductivity
Authors: Mun Hyung Jin , Park Ji Young , Lim Minseob , Cho Hong‐Baek , Choa Yong‐Ho 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent times, electronics have been increasingly minimized, and hence, heat dissipation has become essential. Owing to its high thermal conductivity and superior electrical insulation, hexagonal‐boron nitride (h‐BN) has been regarded as an appropriate ceramic material to increase the thermal conductivity of polymer nanocomposites for effective heat dissipation. However, the poor through‐plane thermal conductivity of h‐BN severely restricts its practical uses, and it is favorable for heat to radiates in the in‐plane direction. In this study, densified spherical h‐BN (sph‐BN) microspheres, composed of as‐synthesized nano‐sized h‐BN (nano‐BN), were manufactured by a spray‐drying process with variations in organic and/or inorganic binders followed by sintering. After incorporating various sph‐BN particles as fillers into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), the through‐plane thermal conductivity of composites embedded with sph‐BN, assisted by a sodium silicate binder, enhanced the highest through‐plane and in‐plane thermal conductivities. The composites exhibited high thermal isotropy (through‐plane thermal conductivity/in‐plane thermal conductivity: ) of 0.77. The out‐of‐plane thermal conductivity of the composites was remarkably enhanced by over 2000% compared with pristine PDMS, which can be attributed to the synergy combined with the synthesis of the densified spherical BN initiated by nano‐BN, sintering, and the application of inorganic binders. This study proposes a simple method to prepare polymer composites with h‐BN that exhibit high through‐plane thermal conductivity and are promising materials for heat removal in electronics.
Unveiling the amorphization of sodalite topology zeolitic imidazolate frameworks and zeolites by pressure and stress
Authors: Li Neng , Shi Zuhao , Zhai Shiming , Zhou Naigen , Zhang Peng , Arramel Arramel , Bennett Thomas Douglas , Yue Yuanzheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs a flexible porous material, the amorphous behavior of zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8) has garnered considerable interest. However, the association between its strain behavior and topology has not yet been exhaustively studied computationally. We perform molecular dynamic simulations on both ZIF‐8 and its topological silicate isomer sodalite (SOD) to investigate the pressure‐induced development of the mid‐ and short‐range structures. We find that both ZIF‐8 and SOD undergo two successive transformations. The first is the amorphization process, which is characterized by the breakdown of the mid‐range structure without a significant change in the elastic modulus. The other type of densification involves a change in the short‐range structure, during which the mechanical properties are improved as the short‐range disorder increases.
miR‐138‐5p targets MCU to inhibit mitochondrial biogenesis and colorectal cancer growth
Authors: Zhu Jianjun , Zhang Chunle , Wang Zhengjie , Shi Lihong , Li Li , Wu Hao , Liu Ming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractmiR‐138‐5p has been identified as a novel cancer‐related miRNA molecule in a variety of malignancies. However, the functions and mechanisms underlying miR‐138‐5p in colorectal carcinoma (CRC) remains largely unknown. In the present study, we analysed the biological effects and clinical significance of miR‐138‐5p in CRC. miR‐138‐5p expression was analysed by quantitative real‐time PCR in CRC tissues and cell lines. The effects of miR‐138‐5p on CRC cell growth was detected by cell proliferation, colony formation, cell cycle and cell apoptosis assays in vitro and in vivo. Our data showed that miR‐138‐5p was significantly downregulated in CRC. Downregulated miR‐138‐5p was related with poor prognosis in patients with CRC. miR‐138‐5p suppressed CRC growth but promoted cell death both in vitro and in vivo. Online predictions and integrated experiments identified that miR‐138‐5p targeted MCU, and downregulated miR‐138‐5p promoted mitochondrial biogenesis in CRC. In the light of the underlying mechanisms, our results indicated that downregulated miR‐138‐5p led to increased expression of MCU, which subsequently increased the production of ROS to promote CRC growth. Our results indicated that downregulated miR‐138‐5p strengthened mitochondrial biogenesis through targeting MCU, thus contributing to CRC cell growth, which may provide a potential therapeutic target for CRC.
Feasibility of repairing skin defects by VEGF165 gene‐modified iPS‐HFSCs seeded on a 3D printed scaffold containing astragalus polysaccharide
Authors: Du Weibin , Hu Jintao , Huang Xiaolong , Wang Zhenwei , Zhou Huateng , Yang Yadong , Hu Huahui , Chen Rongliang , Shen Fuxiang , Quan Renfu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe preparation of biodegradable scaffolds loaded with cells and cytokine is a feature of tissue‐engineered skin. IPSCs‐based tissue‐engineered skin treatment for wound repair is worth exploring. Healthy human skin fibroblasts were collected and reprogrammed into iPSCs. After gene modification and induction, CK19+/Integrinβ1+/CD200+ VEGF165 gene‐modified iPS‐HFSCsGFP were obtained and identified by a combination of immunofluorescence and RT‐qPCR. Astragalus polysaccharide‐containing 3D printed degradable scaffolds were prepared and co‐cultured with VEGF165 gene‐modified iPS‐HFSCsGFP, and the biocompatibility and spatial structure of the tissue‐engineered skin was analysed by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK8) assay and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the tissue‐engineered skin was transplanted onto the dorsal trauma of nude mice, and the effect of tissue‐engineered skin on the regenerative repair of total skin defects was evaluated by a combination of histology, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, RT‐qPCR, and in vivo three‐dimensional reconstruction under two‐photon microscopy. CK19+/Integrinβ1+/CD200+ VEGF165 gene‐modified iPS‐HFSCsGFP, close to the morphology and phenotype of human‐derived hair follicle stem cells, were obtained. The surface of the prepared 3D printed degradable scaffold containing 200 μg/mL astragalus polysaccharide was enriched with honeycomb‐like meshwork, which was more conducive to the proliferation of the resulting cells. After tissue‐engineered skin transplantation, combined assays showed that it promoted early vascularization, collagen and hair follicle regeneration and accelerated wound repair. VEGF165 gene‐modified iPS‐HFSCsGFP compounded with 3D printed degradable scaffolds containing 200 μg/mL astragalus polysaccharide can directly and indirectly participate in vascular, collagen, and hair follicle regeneration in the skin, achieving more complete structural and functional skin regenerative repair.