bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Does opioid agonist treatment reduce overdose mortality risk in people who are older or have physical comorbidities? Cohort study using linked administrative health data in New South Wales, Australia, 2002–17
Authors: Larney Sarah , Jones Nicola R. , Hickman Matthew , Nielsen Suzanne , Ali Robert , Degenhardt Louisa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimsTo quantify the association between opioid agonist treatment (OAT) and overdose death by age group; test the hypothesis that across different age groups, opioid overdose mortality is lowest during OAT with buprenorphine compared with time out of treatment or OAT with methadone; and test associations between OAT and opioid overdose mortality in the presence of chronic circulatory, respiratory, liver and kidney diseases.DesignRetrospective observational cohort study using linked administrative data.SettingNew South Wales, Australia.ParticipantsA total of 37 764 people prescribed OAT, 1 August 2002 and 31 December 2017.MeasurementsOAT exposure, opioid overdose mortality and key confounders were measured using linked population data sets on OAT entry and exit, hospitalization, mental health care, incarceration and mortality. ICD‐10 codes were used to define opioid overdose mortality and chronic disease groups of interest.FindingsRelative to time out of treatment, time in OAT was associated with a lower risk of opioid overdose death across all age groups and chronic diseases. Among people aged 50 years and older, there was weak evidence that buprenorphine may be associated with greater protection against opioid overdose death than methadone [generalized estimating equation (GEE) adjusted incident rate ratio (aIRR) = 0.47; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.21, 1.02; marginal structural models (MSM) aIRR = 0.49; 95% CI = 0.17, 1.41]. Buprenorphine was associated with greater protection against overdose death than methadone for clients with circulatory (MSM aIRR = 0.27; 95% CI = 0.11, 0.67) or respiratory (MSM aIRR = 0.26; 95% CI = 0.07, 0.94) diseases, but not liver (MSM aIRR = 0.59; 95% CI = 0.14, 2.43) or kidney (MSM aIRR = 1.16; 95% CI = 0.31, 4.36) diseases.ConclusionsOpioid agonist treatment (OAT) appears to reduce mortality risk in people with opioid use disorder who are older or who have physical comorbidities. Opioid overdose mortality during OAT with buprenorphine appears to be lower and reduced in clients with circulatory and respiratory diseases compared with OAT with methadone.
The immunoexpression of valosin‐containing protein and small VCP‐interacting protein in rat ovaries
Authors: Kartal Bahar , Alimoğulları Ebru , Çaylı Sevil 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNumerous cellular processes are controlled by the ubiquitin‐proteasome‐mediated degradation pathway, involve the 97‐kDa valosin‐containing protein (p97/VCP). Small p97/VCP‐interacting protein (SVIP) was first discovered as one of the novel androgen‐responsive genes as well as one of the many cofactors controlling p97/VCP. The aim of the study was to investigate localization and immunoexpression of p97/VCP and SVIP in rat ovarian tissue. The histomorphological examination of rat ovarian tissue was performed by using haematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining. Using the immunohistochemical technique, cellular location and expression of p97/VCP and SVIP in rat ovarian tissue were examined. The nuclear and cytoplasmic immunoexpression of p97/VCP and SVIP was observed in the different stages of ovarian follicles and corpus luteum in the rat ovaries. The immunolocalization of SVIP and VCP in the rat ovaries suggest that they may be involved in the oogenesis. Further studies should be performed about the function of the VCP and SVIP in the female reproductive tract.
Assessing pain using facial recognition software among Aboriginal aged care residents with cognitive impairment: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Rissel Chris , Tate Nicole , Moore Leigh , Hughes Jeff , Campbell Narelle , Smith Catherine , Lew‐Fatt Anthony , Ullah Shahid 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the observed pain behaviours of Aboriginal residents with cognitive impairment in aged care facilities and compare these results with a matched national sample of non‐Aboriginal residents.MethodsObserved pain behaviours of Aboriginal residents (N = 87) with cognitive impairment in aged care facilities across the Northern Territory of Australia were assessed using PainChek® Adult and compared with data from a matched national sample of non‐Aboriginal residents (N = 420). Pain scores were derived from inbuilt automated facial recognition and analysis software plus a series of digital checklists requiring manual input by care staff.ResultsThe median total pain score for the Aboriginal residents was 2 (IQR 1–4) and for the matched external residents was 3 (IQR 2–5). In a multivariable negative binomial regression model, this difference in total pain score was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The pain score derived from the automated facial recognition and analysis component of the PainChek® Adult app was not statistically different between the two groups when adjusted for multiple observations and context of observation (odds ratio = 1.06, 95% confidence interval 0.97–1.16, p = 0.169).ConclusionsWe found under‐reporting of observed pain signs and behaviours for Aboriginal aged care residents by assessors. Further training in the assessment of pain in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander aged care residents may be necessary and a continuing shift in clinical practice to using technology and point‐of‐care assessment.
The experience of hospital care for older surgical patients and their carers: A mixed‐methods study
Authors: Thillainadesan Janani , Box Helen , Kearney Leanne , Naganathan Vasi , Cunich Michelle , Aitken Sarah J. , Monaro Sue R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveA growing proportion of older adults are undergoing surgery, but there is a paucity of patient and carer experience research in this group. This study investigated the experience of hospital care in an older vascular surgery population for patients and their carers.MethodsThis was a mixed‐methods convergent design, including simultaneous collection of quantitative and qualitative research strands by combining open‐ended questions with rating scales in a questionnaire. Recently hospitalised vascular surgery patients aged ≥65 years at a major teaching hospital were recruited. Carers were also approached to participate.ResultsForty‐seven patients (mean age 77 years, 77% male, 20% with a Clinical Frailty Scale score >4) and nine carers participated. The majority of patients reported that their views were listened to (n = 42, 89%), they were kept informed (n = 39, 83%), and were asked about their pain (n = 37, 79%). Among carers, seven reported their views were listened to and that they were kept informed. Thematic analysis of patients' and carers' responses to open‐ended questions about their experience of hospital care revealed four themes in terms of what mattered to them: fundamental care including hygiene and nutrition, comfort of the hospital environment such as sleep and meals, being informed and involved in health‐care decision‐making, and treating pain and deconditioning to help recovery.ConclusionsOlder adults admitted to hospital for vascular surgery and their carers, valued highly the care that met both their fundamental needs and facilitated shared decisions for care and recovery. These priorities can be addressed through Age‐Friendly Health System initiatives.
Comparisons of handheld retinal imaging devices with ultrawide field images for determining diabetic retinopathy severity
Authors: Jacoba Cris Martin P. , Salongcay Recivall P. , Aquino Lizzie Anne C. , Salva Claude Michael G. , Saunar Aileen V. , Alog Glenn P. , Peto Tunde , Silva Paolo S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPurposeTo compare diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity identified on handheld retinal imaging with ultrawide field (UWF) images.MethodsMydriatic images of 225 eyes of 118 diabetic patients were prospectively imaged with the Aurora (AU) handheld retinal camera [5‐field protocol (macula‐centred, disc‐centred, temporal, superior, inferior)] and compared with UWF images. Images were classified based on the international classification for DR. Sensitivity, specificity, kappa statistics (K/Kw) were calculated on an eye and person‐level.ResultsDistribution of DR severity by AU/UWF images (%) by eye was no DR 41.3/36.0, mild non‐proliferative DR (NPDR) 18.7/17.8, moderate 10.2/10.7, severe 16.4/15.1, proliferative DR (PDR) 13.3/20.4. Agreement between UWF and AU was exact in 64.4%, within 1‐step 90.7%, k = 0.55 (95% CI:0.45–0.65), and kw = 0.79 (95% CI:0.73–0.85) by eye, and exact in 68%, within 1‐step 92.9%, k = 0.58 (95% CI:0.50–0.66), and kw = 0.76 (95% CI:0.70–0.81) by person. Sensitivity/specificity for any DR, refDR, vtDR and PDR were as follows: 0.90/0.83, 0.90/0.97, 0.82/0.95 and 0.69/1.00 by person and 0.86/0.90, 0.84/0.98, 0.75/0.95 and 0.63/0.99 by eye. Handheld imaging missed 37% (17/46) eyes and 30.8% (8/26) persons with PDR. Only 3.9% (1/26) persons or 6.5% (3/46) eyes with PDR were missed if a referral threshold of moderate NPDR was used.ConclusionsData from this study show that comparing UWF and handheld images, when PDR was the referral threshold for handheld devices, 37.0% of eyes or 30.8% of patients with PDR were missed. Due to the identification of neovascular lesions outside of the handheld fields, lower referral thresholds are needed if handheld devices are used.
Generation and application of a convolutional neural networks algorithm in evaluating stool consistency in diapers
Authors: Xiao Fangfei , Wang Yizhong , Ludwig Thomas , Li Xiaolu , Chen Sijia , Sun Nan , Zheng Yixiao , Huysentruyt Koen , Vandenplas Yvan , Zhang Ting 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of the study was to develop a deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) algorithm for automated assessment of stool consistency from diaper photographs and test its performance under real‐world conditions.MethodsDiaper photographs were enrolled via a mobile phone application. The stool consistency was assessed independently according to the Brussels Infant and Toddler Stool Scale (BITSS) by paediatricians. These images were randomised into a training data set and a test data set. After training and testing, the new algorithm was used under real‐world conditions by parents.ResultsThere was an overall agreement of 92.9% between paediatricians and the CNN‐generated algorithm. Post hoc classification into the validated 4 categories of the BITSS yielded an agreement of 95.4%. Spearman correlation analysis across the ranking of 7 BITSS photographs and validated 4 categories showed a significant correlation of rho = 0.93 (95% CI, 0.92, 0.94; p < 0.001) and rho = 0.92 (95% CI, 0.90, 0.93; p < 0.001), respectively. The real‐world application yielded further insights into changes in stool consistency between age categories and mode of feeding.ConclusionThe new CNN‐based algorithm is able to reliably identify stool consistency from diaper photographs and may support the communication between parents and paediatricians.
ELF1 suppresses autophagy to reduce cisplatin resistance via the miR‐152‐3p/NCAM1/ERK axis in lung cancer cells
Authors: Zhao Lifeng , Wu Xiangsheng , Zhang Zhiwen , Fang Lini , Yang Bo , Li Yepeng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractResistance to chemotherapeutic drugs limits the efficacy of chemotherapy in non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Autophagy is an essential mechanism which involves in drug resistance. Our previous research has revealed that miR‐152‐3p represses NSCLC progression. However, the mechanism of miR‐152‐3p in autophagy‐mediated chemoresistance in NSCLC remains unclear. Cisplatin‐resistant cell lines (A549/DDP and H446/DDP) were transfected with related vectors and subjected to cisplatin, autophagy inhibitor, activator, or extracellular signal–regulated kinase (ERK) activator. Flow cytometry, CCK8 and colony formation assays were performed for testing apoptosis and cell viability. The related RNAs or proteins were detected by qRT‐PCR or Western blot. Chromatin immunoprecipitation, luciferase reporter assay or RNA immunoprecipitation were used for validating the interaction between miR‐152‐3p and ELF1 or NCAM1. Co‐IP verified the binding between NCAM1 and ERK. The role of miR‐152‐3p in cisplatin resistance of NSCLC was also validated in vivo. The results showed that miR‐152‐3p and ELF1 were decreased in NSCLC tissues. miR‐152‐3p reversed cisplatin resistance by inhibiting autophagy through NCAM1. NCAM1 promoted autophagy through the ERK pathway and facilitated cisplatin resistance. ELF1 positively regulated miR‐152‐3p level by directly interacting with miR‐152‐3p promoter. miR‐152‐3p targeted NCAM1 to regulate NCAM1 level and then affected the binding of NCAM1 to ERK1/2. ELF1 inhibited autophagy and reversed cisplatin resistance through miR‐152‐3p/NCAM1. miR‐152‐3p inhibited autophagy and cisplatin resistance of xenograft tumor in mice. In conclusion, our study revealed that ELF1 inhibited autophagy to attenuate cisplatin resistance through the miR‐152‐3p/NCAM1/ERK pathway in H446/DDP and A549/DDP cells, suggesting a potential novel treatment strategy for NSCLC.
Cutaneous VCL::ALK fusion ovoid‐spindle cell neoplasm
Authors: Helm Matthew , Chang Allison , Fanburg‐Smith Julie C. , Zaenglein Andrea L. , Helm Klaus 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCutaneous VCL::ALK fusion spindle (ovoid) cell tumor is unique. Recently emerged RAS::MAP tyrosine kinase fusion sarcomas more commonly involve subcutis, skeletal muscle and even bone. We share our experience with a novel cutaneous VCL::ALK spindle cell tumor. An 11‐year‐old male presented with a back pedunculated pink–red papule thought to be a pyogenic granuloma. Biopsy histopathology revealed an epithelial collarette with pedunculated tumor extending to deep dermis/subcutis interface. The combination of spindled and epithelioid cells, an ovoid myopericytoid appearance within myxoid to collagenous stroma, low to moderate MIB1 and focal S100 protein without SOX10 immunostaining, were suggestive of a novel RAS::MAPK tyrosine kinase fusion sarcoma that is well described. ALK immunostain being positive, a next‐generation sequencing comprehensive fusion panel was performed to reveal a VCL::ALK fusion. While epithelioid fibrous histiocytoma shares this fusion and similar dermal location and collarette pedunculation, this and other entities were excluded by older patient age, deeper dermal involvement, ovoid‐to‐spindled morphology, central pericytoid vasculature, myxoid stroma, moderate cellularity with low to moderate MIB1 expression, superficial ulceration, and focal S100 protein expression. Complete excision was performed with favorable follow‐up to date. This novel VCL::ALK fusion spindle (ovoid) cell tumor of the dermis is best considered as part of the recently emerged RAS::MAP tyrosine kinase fusion sarcomas.
External validation of the diagnostic value of perihematomal edema characteristics in neoplastic and non‐neoplastic intracerebral hemorrhage
Authors: Nawabi Jawed , Orth Tobias , Schulze‐Weddige Sophia , Baumgaertner Georg Lukas , Tietze Anna , Thaler Christian , Penzkofer Tobias 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackground and purposeNeoplastic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) may be incorrectly identified as non‐neoplastic ICH on imaging. Relative perihematomal edema (relPHE) on computed tomography (CT) has been proposed as a marker to discriminate neoplastic from non‐neoplastic ICH but has not been externally validated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the discriminatory power of relPHE in an independent cohort.MethodsA total of 291 patients with acute ICH on CT and follow‐up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were included in this single‐center retrospective study. ICH subjects were dichotomized into non‐neoplastic or neoplastic ICH based on the diagnosis on the follow‐up MRI. ICH and PHE volumes and density values were derived from semi‐manually segmented CT scans. Calculated PHE characteristics for discriminating neoplastic ICH were evaluated using receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) curves. ROC curve‐associated cut‐offs were calculated and compared between the initial and the validation cohort.ResultsA total of 116 patients (39.86%) with neoplastic ICH and 175 (60.14%) with non‐neoplastic ICH were included. Median PHE volumes, relPHE, and relPHE adjusted for hematoma density were significantly higher in subjects with neoplastic ICH (all p values <0.001). ROC curves for relPHE had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.66–0.78) and an AUC of 0.81 (95% CI 0.76–0.87) for adjusted relPHE. The cut‐offs were identical in the two cohorts, with >0.70 for relPHE and >0.01 for adjusted relPHE.ConclusionsRelative perihematomal edema and adjusted relPHE accurately discriminated neoplastic from non‐neoplastic ICH on CT imaging in an external patient cohort. These results confirmed the findings of the initial study and may improve clinical decision making.
Parenting during a child's placement: A systemic perspective on parental commitment
Authors: de Serres‐Lafontaine Amélie , Poitras Karine 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to document birth parents' commitment from a systemic perspective. Characteristics of birth parent's mental health (depressive symptoms), placement characteristics (family reunification, parent–child contact), and systemic characteristics (parent's perception of the foster parent's opinion on parent–child contact) are examined.BackgroundFoster placement creates a highly vulnerable situation within families of origin. Moreover, birth parents are liable to have been exposed to multiple risk factors. Foster placement comes with many challenges that are not without consequences on the parenting experience, including loss of parenting responsibilities and redefinition of the parenting role.MethodParents (n = 59) participated for 70 parent–child dyads in 90‐minute home visits where data on sociodemographic characteristics, mental health status, experience of the placement measure and parent–child contact, as well as level of parental commitment were gathered.ResultsThree‐step hierarchical regression models were used to examine the independent contribution of the parent's perception of the foster parent's opinion on contact on parental commitment after accounting for the birth parent's mental health and placement characteristics. Results suggest that parent–child contact and parent's perception of foster parent's opinion on contact have a significant contribution to parental commitment.ConclusionThese findings underscore the importance of addressing parenthood in placement situations and the relevance of examining parental commitment from a systemic perspective.ImplicationsA deeper understanding of this vulnerable population would require reflecting on the psychosocial practices in Child Protective Services while accounting for the needs of birth parents in the placement system.
POTENTIAL HISTORY: READING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FROM INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGES*
Authors: Bonaldo Rodrigo , Pereira Ana Carolina Barbosa 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTUntil the beginning of the twentieth century, history, as a core concept of the political project of modernity, was highly concerned with the future. The many crimes, genocides, and wars perpetuated in the name of historical progress eventually caused unavoidable fractures in the way Western philosophies of history have understood change over time, leading to a depoliticization of the future and a greater emphasis on matters of the present. However, the main claim of the “Historical Futures” project is that the future has not completely disappeared from the focus of historical thinking, and some modalities of the future that have been brought to the attention of historical thought relate to a more‐than‐human reality. This article aims to confront the prospects of a technological singularity through the eyes of peoples who already live in a world of more‐than‐human agency. The aim of this confrontation is to create not just an alternative way to think about the future but a stance from which we can explore ways to inhabit and therefore repoliticize historical futures. This article contains a comparative study that has been designed to challenge our technologized imaginations of the future and, at the same time, to infuse the theoretical experiment with contingent historical experiences. Could we consider artificial intelligence as a new historical subject? What about as an agent in a “more‐than‐human” history? To what extent can we read this new condition through ancient Amerindian notions of time? Traditionally, the relationship between Western anthropocentrism and Amerindian anthropomorphism has been framed in terms of an opposition. We intend to prefigure a less hierarchical and more horizontal relation between systems of thought, one devoid of a fixed center or parameter of reference. Granting the same degree of intellectual dignity to the works of Google engineers and the views of Amazonian shamans, we nevertheless foster an intercultural dialogue (between these two “traditions of reasoning”) about a future in which history can become more‐than‐human. We introduce potential history as the framework not only to conceptualize Amerindian experiences of time but also to start building an intercultural dialogue that is designed to discuss AI as a historical subject.
Genomic prediction of service sire effect on female reproductive performance in Holstein cattle: A comparison between different methods, validation population and marker densities
Authors: Shi Rui , Chen Ziwei , Su Guosheng , Luo Hanpeng , Liu Lin , Guo Gang , Wang Yachun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractReproductive traits of dairy cattle are bound to the actual efficiency of farm operation, which therefore show great economic importance. Among them, some traits were deemed to be simultaneously affected by service sire and mating cow. Service sires are proved to play an important role in reproduction process of cows. However, limited study explored the genetic effect of service sire (GESS), let alone the genomic prediction of this effect. In the present study, 2244 genotyped bulls together with phenotypic records were used to predict the GESS on conception rate, 56‐day non‐return rate, calving ease, stillbirth and gestation length. The feasibilities of multi‐step genomic best linear unbiased predictor (msGBLUP) and single‐step genomic best linear unbiased predictor (ssGBLUP) were investigated under different scenarios, that is, different marker densities and validation population. The predictive accuracies and unbiasedness for GESS ranged from 0.159 to 0.647 and from 0.202 to 2.018, respectively, when validated on young bulls, while the accuracies and unbiasedness ranged from 0.409 to 0.802 and 0.333 to 1.146 when validated on random split data sets. It is feasible to predict GESS on reproductive traits by using a linear mixed model and genomic data, and high‐density marker panel had limited contribution to the prediction. This research investigated the potential factors that influence the genomic prediction of GESS on reproductive traits and indicated the possibility of genomic selection on GESS, both in ideal and practical circumstances.