bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Leaf nitrogen affects photosynthesis and water use efficiency similarly in nitrogen‐fixing and non‐fixing trees
Authors: Bytnerowicz Thomas A. , Funk Jennifer L. , Menge Duncan N. L. , Perakis Steven S. , Wolf Amelia A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Nitrogen (N)‐fixing trees are thought to break a basic rule of leaf economics: higher leaf N concentrations do not translate into higher rates of carbon assimilation. Understanding how leaf N affects photosynthesis and water use efficiency (WUE) in this ecologically important group is critical.

We grew six N‐fixing and four non‐fixing tree species for 4–5 years at four fertilization treatments in field experiments in temperate and tropical regions to assess how functional type (N fixer vs. non‐fixer) and N limitation affected leaf N and how leaf N affected light‐saturated photosynthesis (Asat), stomatal conductance (gsw) and WUE (WUEi and δ13C).

Asat, WUEi and δ13C, but not gsw, increased with higher leaf N. Surprisingly, N‐fixing and non‐fixing trees displayed similar scaling between leaf N and these physiological variables, and this finding was supported by reanalysis of a global dataset. N fixers generally had higher leaf N than non‐fixers, even when non‐fixers were not N‐limited at the leaf level. Leaf‐level N limitation did not alter the relationship of Asat, gsw, WUEi and δ13C with leaf N, although it did affect the photosynthetic N use efficiency. Higher WUE was associated with higher productivity, whereas higher Asat was not.

Synthesis: The ecological success of N‐fixing trees depends on the effect of leaf N on carbon gain and water loss. Using a field fertilization experiment and reanalysis of a global dataset, we show that high leaf‐level photosynthesis and WUE in N fixers stems from their higher average leaf N, rather than a difference between N fixers and non‐fixers in the scaling of photosynthesis and WUE with leaf N. By clarifying the mechanism by which N fixers achieve and benefit from high WUE, our results further the understanding of global N fixer distributions.
Circ_0002295 facilitated myocardial fibrosis progression through the miR‐1287/CXCR2 axis
Authors: Ma Guo‐Bin , Chen Wen‐Xu , Zhan Fang‐Jie , Xie Wen‐Jing , Chen Rong‐Wei , Chen Hong , Ye Wei‐Lin , Jiang Yu , Xu Jian‐Ping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMyocardial fibrosis (MF) is involved in hypertension, myocardial infarction and heart failure. It has been reported that circular RNA (circRNA) is a key regulatory factor of MF progression. In this study, we revealed that circ_0002295 and CXCR2 were elevated, and miR‐1287 was reduced in MF patients. Knockdown of circ_0002295 effectively suppressed the proliferation, migration and MF progression. Circ_0002295 was the molecular sponge of miR‐12878, and miR‐1287 inhibitor reversed the biological functions of circ_0002295 on the myocardial fibrosis. CXCR2 was a target gene of miR‐1287, and CXCR2 silencing relieved the impacts of miR‐1287 inhibitor on cardiac myofibroblasts. Circ_0002295 promoted MF progression by regulating the miR‐1287/CXCR2 axis, providing a possible circRNA‐targeted therapy for MF.
Furosemide versus placebo for fluid overload in intensive care patients—The randomised GODIF trial second version: Statistical analysis plan
Authors: Wichmann Sine , Lange Theis , Perner Anders , Gluud Christian , Itenov Theis S. , Berthelsen Rasmus E. , Nebrich Lars , Wiis Jørgen , Brøchner Anne C. , Nielsen Louise G. , Behzadi Meike T. , Damgaard Kjeld , Andreasen Anne S. , Strand Kristian , Järvisalo Mikko , Strøm Thomas , Eschen Camilla T. , Vang Marianne L. , Hildebrandt Thomas , Andersen Finn H. , Sigurdsson Martin I. , Thomar Katrin M. , Thygesen Sandra K. , Troelsen Thomas T. , Uusalo Panu , Jalkanen Ville , Illum Dorte , Sølling Christoffer , Keus Frederik , Pfortmueller Carmen A. , Wahlin Rebecka R. , Ostermann Marlies , Aneman Anders , Bestle Morten H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundFluid overload is associated with increased mortality in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The GODIF trial aims to assess the benefits and harms of fluid removal with furosemide versus placebo in stable adult patients with moderate to severe fluid overload in the ICU. This article describes the detailed statistical analysis plan for the primary results of the second version of the GODIF trial.MethodsThe GODIF trial is an international, multi‐centre, randomised, stratified, blinded, parallel‐group, pragmatic clinical trial, allocating 1000 adult ICU patients with moderate to severe fluid overload 1:1 to furosemide versus placebo. The primary outcome is days alive and out of hospital within 90 days post‐randomisation. With a power of 90% and an alpha level of 5%, we may reject or detect an improvement of 8%. The primary analyses of all outcomes will be performed in the intention‐to‐treat population. For the primary outcome, the Kryger Jensen and Lange method will be used to compare the two treatment groups adjusted for stratification variables supplemented with sensitivity analyses in the per‐protocol population and with further adjustments for prognostic variables. Secondary outcomes will be analysed with multiple linear regressions, logistic regressions or the Kryger Jensen and Lange method as suitable with adjustment for stratification variables.ConclusionThe GODIF trial data will increase the certainty about the effects of fluid removal using furosemide in adult ICU patients with fluid overload.Trial Registrations: EudraCT identifier: 2019‐004292‐40 and ClinicalTrials.org: NCT04180397.
Epigenomic signature of accelerated ageing in progeroid Cockayne syndrome
Authors: Crochemore Clément , Chica Claudia , Garagnani Paolo , Lattanzi Giovanna , Horvath Steve , Sarasin Alain , Franceschi Claudio , Bacalini Maria Giulia , Ricchetti Miria 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCockayne syndrome (CS) and UV‐sensitive syndrome (UVSS) are rare genetic disorders caused by mutation of the DNA repair and multifunctional CSA or CSB protein, but only CS patients display a progeroid and neurodegenerative phenotype, providing a unique conceptual and experimental paradigm. As DNA methylation (DNAm) remodelling is a major ageing marker, we performed genome‐wide analysis of DNAm of fibroblasts from healthy, UVSS and CS individuals. Differential analysis highlighted a CS‐specific epigenomic signature (progeroid‐related; not present in UVSS) enriched in three categories: developmental transcription factors, ion/neurotransmitter membrane transporters and synaptic neuro‐developmental genes. A large fraction of CS‐specific DNAm changes were associated with expression changes in CS samples, including in previously reported post‐mortem cerebella. The progeroid phenotype of CS was further supported by epigenomic hallmarks of ageing: the prediction of DNAm of repetitive elements suggested an hypomethylation of Alu sequences in CS, and the epigenetic clock returned a marked increase in CS biological age respect to healthy and UVSS cells. The epigenomic remodelling of accelerated ageing in CS displayed both commonalities and differences with other progeroid diseases and regular ageing. CS shared DNAm changes with normal ageing more than other progeroid diseases do, and included genes functionally validated for regular ageing. Collectively, our results support the existence of an epigenomic basis of accelerated ageing in CS and unveil new genes and pathways that are potentially associated with the progeroid/degenerative phenotype.
Oral analgesic for musculoskeletal injuries in children: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Utsumi Shu , Amagasa Shunsuke , Moriwaki Taro , Uematsu Satoko 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectivePain in pediatric musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries can lead to increased anxiety, fear, and avoidance of medical care, making analgesic management critical. Therefore, we evaluated analgesic efficacy and adverse effects to select the optimal analgesic agent in pediatric patients with MSK injuries.MethodsFour databases were searched from inception to March 2023 for peer‐reviewed, open randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Inclusion criteria were: (1) trials with RCT design, (2) children aged 1 month–18 years with MSK injury, (3) outpatient setting, (4) interventions and control, (5) primary outcome of pain score at 60 and 120 min and secondary outcome of adverse effects, and (6) full‐text and peer‐reviewed articles. Two reviewers screened, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias. A frequentist random‐effects network meta‐analysis (NMA) was performed. Certainty of evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation working group approach.ResultsWe included eight trials comprising 1645 children. Ibuprofen was significantly associated with pain reduction at 120 min, compared with acetaminophen (SMD 0.31 [95% CI 0.11–0.51]; moderate certainty) and opioids (SMD 0.34 [95% CI 0.20–0.48]; moderate certainty). Compared with opioids alone, ibuprofen–opioid combination was significantly associated with pain reduction at 120 min (SMD 0.19 [95% CI 0.03–0.35]). No significant differences were found in pain interventions at 60 min. Ibuprofen had statistically fewer adverse events than opioids (RR, 0.54 [95% CI 0.33–0.90]; moderate certainty) and ibuprofen with opioids (RR 0.47 [95% CI 0.25–0.89]; moderate certainty). In terms of limitations, the eight RCTs included had relatively small sample sizes; only two were high‐quality RCTs.ConclusionsOur NMA found ibuprofen to be the most effective and least adverse analgesic in pediatric patients with MSK injuries.
Explicating the role of amygdala substructure alterations in the link between hypoleptinemia and rumination in anorexia nervosa
Authors: Wronski Marie‐Louis , Hohnemann Charlotte , Bernardoni Fabio , Bahnsen Klaas , Doose Arne , Arold Dominic , Borucki Katrin , Holsen Laura M. , Lawson Elizabeth A. , Plessow Franziska , Weidner Kerstin , Roessner Veit , Diestel Stefan , King Joseph A. , Seidel Maria , Ehrlich Stefan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe amygdaloid complex plays a pivotal role in emotion processing and has been associated with rumination transdiagnostically. In anorexia nervosa (AN), we previously observed differential reductions of amygdala nuclei volumes (rostral‐medial cluster substantially affected) and, in another study, elevated food−/weight‐related rumination. Both amygdala volumes and rumination frequency correlated with characteristically suppressed leptin levels in AN. Thus, we hypothesized that amygdala nuclei alterations might be associated with AN‐related rumination and potentially mediate the leptin‐rumination relationship in AN.MethodsRumination (food−/weight‐related) was assessed using ecological momentary assessment for a 14‐day period. We employed frequentist and Bayesian linear mixed effects models in females with AN (n = 51, 12–29 years, majority admitted to inpatient treatment) and age‐matched healthy females (n = 51) to investigate associations between rostral‐medial amygdala nuclei volume alterations (accessory basal, cortical, medial nuclei, corticoamygdaloid transitions) and rumination. We analyzed mediation effects using multi‐level structural equation models.ResultsReduced right accessory basal and cortical nuclei volumes predicted more frequent weight‐related rumination in AN; both nuclei fully mediated the effect of leptin on weight‐related rumination. In contrast, we found robust evidence for the absence of amygdala nuclei volume effects on rumination in healthy females.ConclusionThis study provides first evidence for the relevance of specific amygdala substructure reductions regarding cognitive symptom severity in AN and points toward novel mechanistic insight into the relationship between hypoleptinemia and rumination, which might involve the amygdaloid complex. Our findings in AN may have important clinical value with respect to understanding the beneficial neuropsychiatric effects of leptin (treatment) in AN and potentially other psychiatric conditions such as depression.
Aberrant resting‐state functional connectivity underlies cognitive and functional impairments in remitted patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Fortea Lydia , Ysbæk‐Nielsen Alexander T. , Macoveanu Julian , Petersen Jeff Zarp , Fisher Patrick M. , Kessing Lars V. , Knudsen Gitte M. , Radua Joaquim , Vieta Eduard , Miskowiak Kamilla W. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundBipolar disorder (BD) is commonly associated with cognitive impairments, that directly contribute to patients' functional disability. However, there is no effective treatment targeting cognition in BD. A key reason for the lack of pro‐cognitive interventions is the limited insight into the brain correlates of cognitive impairments in these patients. This is the first study investigating the resting‐state neural underpinnings of cognitive impairments in different neurocognitive subgroups of patients with BD.MethodPatients with BD in full or partial remission and healthy controls (final sample of n = 144 and n = 50, respectively) underwent neuropsychological assessment and resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging. We classified the patients into cognitively impaired (n = 83) and cognitively normal (n = 61) subgroups using hierarchical cluster analysis of the four cognitive domains. We used independent component analysis (ICA) to investigate the differences between the neurocognitive subgroups and healthy controls in resting‐state functional connectivity (rsFC) in the default mode network (DMN), executive central network (ECN), and frontoparietal network (FPN).ResultsCognitively impaired patients displayed greater positive rsFC within the DMN and less negative rsFC within the ECN than healthy controls. Across cognitively impaired patients, lower positive connectivity within DMN and lower negative rsFC within ECN correlated with worse global cognitive performance.ConclusionCognitive impairments in BD seem to be associated with a hyper‐connectivity within the DMN, which may explain the failure to suppress task‐irrelevant DMN activity during the cognitive performance, and blunted anticorrelation in the ECN. Thus, aberrant connectivity within the DMN and ECN may serve as brain targets for pro‐cognitive interventions.
Orthodontic treatment in patients with periodontitis – a narrative literature review
Authors: Oruba Z , Gibas‐Stanek M , Pihut M , Cześnikiewicz‐Guzik M , Stós W 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTPatients with periodontitis often require an inter‐disciplinary approach, including orthodontic treatment, for effective rehabilitation of masticatory function, aesthetics and quality of life. The aim of this narrative review was to comprehensively discuss literature focusing on the biology, indications and inter‐disciplinary connections related to the orthodontic approach in patients with periodontitis and to present clinical concepts in accordance with valid guidelines. The outcomes of the experimental studies indicate that orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) can be performed safely for teeth with reduced periodontium, provided infection and inflammation are controlled. Orthodontic treatment can correct pathological tooth migration, is not associated with deterioration of clinical periodontal parameters and improves aesthetics. Intrusion is safe when performed with light forces and under a strict oral hygiene regimen. Teeth can be moved either towards or away from the intrabony defect previously subjected to regenerative procedures, and research suggests that OTM has the potential to enhance bone formation after regenerative therapy. The data on orthodontic movement of teeth with furcation involvement are very scarce. The improvement in furcation involvement following either combined periodontal and orthodontic treatment was only documented in animal model studies. Due to bone and tooth loss, special consideration should be given to orthodontic treatment mechanics. © 2023 Australian Dental Association.
Critical analysis of a new system to classify root and canal morphology — A systematic review
Authors: Ahmed Hany Mohamed Aly , Rossi‐Fedele Giampiero , Dummer Paul Michael Howell 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA novel system to classify root and canal morphology was recently introduced (Ahmed et al. 2017). This systematic review aimed to answer the following research question: Does the Ahmed et al. system provide a more accurate and practical classification of root and canal anatomy compared to other classifications? A literature search was conducted in Google Scholar, Scopus and Wiley Online Library to identify the citation counts for the article entitled ‘A new system for classifying root and root canal morphology; doi.org/10.1111/iej.12685’. After removal of duplicates and unrelated articles, 15 studies were included and analysed. All studies compared the Ahmed et al. system with the Vertucci classification. Results revealed that both systems were able to classify simple canal configurations in single‐rooted anterior and premolar teeth, disto‐buccal and palatal roots of maxillary molars. However, the Ahmed et al. system provided more accurate and comprehensive categorisations of single‐rooted teeth with complex canal anatomy, multi‐rooted maxillary and mandibular premolars and the mesio‐buccal root of maxillary molars. Further evidence on the utility of the Ahmed et al. system is required using other diagnostic devices especially in molars.
MEFIB‐Index and MAST‐Score in the assessment of hepatic decompensation in metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatosis liver disease—Individual participant data meta‐analyses
Authors: Noureddin Nabil , Ajmera Veeral , Bergstrom Jaclyn , Bettencourt Richele , Huang Daniel Q. , Siddiqi Harris , Majzoub Abdul M. , Nayfeh Tarek , Tamaki Nobuharu , Izumi Namiki , Nakajima Atsushi , Idilman Ramzan , Gumussoy Mesut , Oz Digdem Kuru , Erden Ayse , Loomba Rohit 
Published: September 2023

SummaryBackgroundThere are limited data regarding the longitudinal association between MEFIB‐Index (MRE combined with FIB‐4) versus MAST‐Score (MRI‐aspartate aminotransferase) and hepatic decompensation.AimTo examine the longitudinal association between MEFIB‐Index versus MAST‐Score in predicting hepatic decompensation in patients with metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).MethodsThis was a longitudinal, retrospective analysis of subjects from United States, Japan, and Turkey who underwent a baseline MRE and MRI‐PDFF and were followed for hepatic decompensation. Cox‐proportional hazard analyses were used to assess the association between MEFIB‐Index versus MAST‐Score with a composite primary outcome (hepatic decompensation) defined as ascites, hepatic encephalopathy, and varices needing treatment.ResultsThis meta‐analysis of individual participants (IPDMA) included 454 patients (58% women) with a mean (±SD) age of 56.0 (±13.5) years. The MEFIB‐Index (MRE ≥3.3 kPa + FIB 4 ≥1.6) and MAST‐Score (>0.242) were positive for 34% and 9% of the sample, respectively. At baseline, 23 patients met criteria for hepatic decompensation. Among 297 patients with available longitudinal data with a median (IQR) of 4.2 (5.0) years of follow‐up, 25 incident cases met criteria for hepatic decompensation. A positive MEFIB‐Index [HR = 49.22 (95% CI: 6.23–388.64, p < 0.001)] and a positive MAST‐Score [HR = 3.86 (95% CI: 1.46–10.17, p < 0.001)] were statistically significant predictors of the incident hepatic decompensation. MEFIB‐Index (c‐statistic: 0.89, standard error (SE) = 0.02) was statistically superior to the MAST‐Score (c‐statistic: 0.81, SE = 0.03) (p < 0.0001) in predicting hepatic decompensation.ConclusionA combination of MRI‐based biomarker and blood tests, MEFIB‐Index and MAST‐Score can predict the risk of hepatic decompensation in patients with MASLD.
Reproductive pattern of the southern bunchgrass lizard (Sceloporus aeneus) from Cuautepec de Hinojosa, Hidalgo, Mexico
Authors: Manríquez‐Morán Norma L. , González‐Espinoza Jorge E. , Domínguez‐Guerrero Saúl F. , de la Rosa‐Cruz Gabino 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSquamata is one of the groups of sauropsids with the greatest diversity in life histories. The timing and expression of events related to reproductive phenology are considered among the most important components of squamate life histories. Here we studied the male and female reproductive patterns, clutch size, and clutch frequency of the oviparous lizard Sceloporus aeneus from a population in the southeast of Hidalgo State, Mexico, from April 2010 to March 2011. The gonadal analysis showed that the minimum snout‐vent length at sexual maturity in males and females was 46 mm. Both sexes exhibit seasonal reproductive patterns; males present maximum gonadal activity in winter‐spring (February–May), and females are vitellogenic in spring‐summer (May–July). Clutch size averaged 7 eggs (range 5–9) and did not show a relationship with female body size. Females produce at least two clutches per breeding season. The reproductive patterns described in this study were similar to those observed in other populations of S. aeneus, although some events in the reproductive phenology of both sexes appear to be related to local environmental factors.
Do advertisements with a social message elevate subjective well‐being?: An examination of empirical associations
Authors: Manzoor Iqra , ul Haq Zia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAdvertising, a form of publicity, can pass on a social message so that people understand their sobligation towards society. The purpose of this study was to look into how consumers responded to socially conscious advertisements. This study conceptualizes the antecedents of attitude towards commercial advertisements that incorporate the social message, including advertising creativity, informativeness, and emotional appeal; each one can influence consumers' behavior. This study also examined the relationship between (i) Attitude towards the ad with a social message and purchase intention of the consumer and (ii) Purchase intention of the consumer and subjective well‐being. The interrelationships in the proposed model were investigated using structural equation modeling (SEM). A quantitative survey of university students was conducted in order to gather the data, which was based on an experiment. A field survey of 395 students was conducted to test the hypotheses. The results of the empirical tests confirm that attitude towards the advertisement positively affects the purchase intention of the consumer and that advertising creativity and emotional appeal are the key predictors of attitude towards the advertisement that highlights a social issue. And, purchase intention positively influences the subjective well‐being of the consumers. This paper contributes to the theory by giving new insight into the advertising literature. It also provides the necessary knowledge to marketers and advertisers on commercial advertisements incorporating a social message and the subjective well‐being of consumers.