bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Factors affecting employment generation rate and sales growth rate : a case study of Bangladeshi firms
Authors:   , Islam Sakhawat 
Published: September 2023

Bangladesh has shown significant improvement to develop its economy over the past decades. It is one of the developing countries which is an excellent example to the policymakers and specialists working in development sectors. Moreover, the significant contribution was made by firms running the business in Bangladesh to gain this success. This study examines few factors which include the gender of the owner of the organizations, the characteristics of the organizations, possible obstacles faced by and the preferred sources of capital to run the business by the firms, employees employed in the year of 2002 and 2005, and their annual sales in few fiscal years. This study aims to analyze these factors and the impact on the employment generation and sales growth rate from these factors in the firms in Bangladesh in several years. This study uses the data from the enterprise survey conducted in Bangladesh by World Bank in 2007 and 2013. The descriptive analysis shows that 29.2% and 18.1% of the firms had at least one female owner, participated in the survey in 2007, 2013 respectively. Political instability was considered as one of the significant obstacles and finance from the internal funds/ retained earnings was considered as one of the significant sources of capital to run business in both surveys conducted in 2007 and 2013. Linear regression was conducted to find out the impact on the employment generation and sales growth rate from the factors. 2007 dataset shows that Female owners, customs and trade regulation, and company size have a positive impact on employment generation. Labor regulation has a negative impact and Chittagong and Rajshahi region have a negative impact on employment generation compare to the Dhaka region. Both 2007 and 2013 surveys show that gender of owners, three obstacles out of six (minor), the source of capital for business, the region for conducting business, business sector and company size have a significant impact on the sales growth rate between 2003 & 2006 and between 2009 & 2012 respectively.
Dosimetric comparison between using daily cone beam CT and planning CT in volumetric modulated arc therapy technique for prostate cancer therapy
Authors:   , Chanayota Julaluck 
Published: September 2023

The variations of shape and size of organs inside, especially bladder and rectum, in prostate cancer patient are mainly factors of external beam radiation therapy that may impact to disease control and normal tissue toxicity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the dosimetric comparison between using daily CBCT and planning CT in Volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) technique for prostate cancer therapy. The HU and electron density between CBCT and planning CT were verified by using Catphan® 600 phantom. Treatment planning system was verified by dose distribution comparison between plans on CBCT and planning CT images of Anthropomorphic RANDO® phantom. The dose on both images at central axis plan were transferred to Sun Nuclear Patient software to compare in terms of gamma index. Image registration software were also verified. The CBCT image were registered to CT image and the phantom was move to the known couch shifted. The CBCT was repeated and registered with CT. The registration errors were repeated. In clinical part, the total of seven cases with 299 daily CBCT images dataset were performed in this study. The patients were selected from selection criteria as follows with patients whom were diagnosed prostate cancer and already finished the course of VMAT prostate cancer treatment with 6 MV, 79.2 Gy prescription dose, 44 total factions. The structures of Clinical Target Volume (CTV), Planning Target Volume (PTV), bladder, and rectum on daily CBCT were contoured. The CTV was delineated in whole prostate including seminal vesicle and 8 mm margin in all directions except posterior that used 5 mm margin were expended to PTV following by RTOG 0815. The original plans were transferred into daily CBCT images and recalculated by EclipseTM TPS. The volume difference of CTV V100%, PTV V95%, bladder and rectum at V75Gy, V70Gy, V65Gy and V60Gy were analyzed. For results, the HU and electron density was not significant between two imaging modalities. Treatment planning system and image registration showed good agreement on acceptable criteria. The volume differences of CTV at V100% on average from all 7 patients were only -0.1 ± 3.6% that were not significantly different while the volume differences of PTV at V95% was -6.7 ± 5.3%. The bladder volume difference were -23.6 ± 22.8% on average, while the average volumes difference of rectum was more than planning CT of 16.8 ± 58.6%. In conclusion, during course of prostate cancer treatment, organs inside always daily change. The changing is not impacts to dosimetric effect of CTV that means the CTV to PTV margin is enough expansion to disease control. However, the bladder and rectum show significant difference and large variations, especially rectum that have impact on normal tissue toxicity increased.
Comprehensive proteomics identification of IFN-λ3-regulated antiviral proteins in HBV-transfected cells
Authors:   , Makjaroen Jiradej 
Published: September 2023

Interferon (IFN)-λ is a relatively unexplored, yet promising anti-viral agent. IFN-λ has recently been tested in clinical trials of chronic hepatitis B, with the advantage that side effects may be limited compared with IFN-α, as IFN-λ receptors are found only in epithelial cells. To date, IFN-λ downstream signaling pathway remains largely unelucidated, particularly via proteomics methods. Here, we report that IFN-λ3 inhibits HBV replication in HepG2.2.15 cells, reducing levels of both HBV transcripts and intracellular HBV DNA. Quantitative proteomic analysis of HBV-transfected cells was performed following 24-hour IFN-λ3 treatment, with parallel IFN-α2a and PBS treatments for comparison using a dimethyl labeling method. The depth of the study allowed us to map the induction of anti-viral proteins to multiple points of the viral life cycle, as well as facilitating the identification of anti-viral proteins not previously known to be elicited upon HBV infection. This study also shows up-regulation of many effectors involved in antigen processing/presentation indicating that this cytokine exerted immunomodulatory effects through a number of essential molecules for these processes. Interestingly, immunoproteasome caps were up-regulated while cap components of the constitutive proteasome were down-regulated upon IFN-λ3 treatment, suggesting coordinated modulation towards the antigen processing/presentation mode. Furthermore, we reveal that IFN-λ3 restored levels of RIG-I and RIG-G, proteins known to be suppressed by HBV. Enrichment analysis demonstrated that several biological processes including RNA metabolism, translation, and ER-targeting were differentially regulated upon treatment with IFN-λ3 vs. IFN-α2a. Our proteomic data suggests that IFN-λ3 regulates an array of cellular processes to control HBV replication.
Detection of flagellated protozoa belonging to the trypanosomatidae family in sand flies collected from Songkhla province, Southern Thailand
Authors:   , Chinwirunsirisup Komson 
Published: September 2023

Autochthonous leishmaniasis cases in Thailand are increasing dramatically, the disease is caused by two major of Leishmania species; L. orientalis and L. martiniquensis. Leishmaniasis is transmitted to the vertebrate hosts through the bite of the infected female sand fly. Moreover, other trypanosomatid protozoa have also been reported in this insect vector. In 2016, Trypanosoma sp. has been detected in sand fly from Songkhla province, where the leishmaniasis case has been reported. The aims of this study are to investigate the potential vectors of trypanosomatids in this area using morphological and molecular identification based on the Cytb gene. The parasites were screened by using ITS1 and SSU rRNA-PCR based methods. Five species of female sand flies were found in this study. Among 349 samples tested, DNA of trypanosomatids was detected in Sergentomyia (Parrotomyia) barraudi (0.9%), Se. (Grassomyia) indica (1.4%), Se. khawi (3.7%), Phlebotomus stantoni (1.1%), and non-sand fly (0.3%). Based on retrieved SSU rRNA sequences, phylogenetic analysis reveals that 96.2% of the detected parasites belong to anuran trypanosomes. Twenty-three were the anuran Trypanosoma spp. of clade Frog 1, and the other two were novel species of clade Frog 2. Moreover, Leishmania infantum DNA was detected in a Ph. stantoni (3.8%) based on ITS1-PCR. Since 2008, there had never been reported the detection of L. infantum in any leishmaniasis cases from Thailand or in sand flies. Therefore, this present study demonstrates for the first time that L. infantum DNA can be detected in Ph. stantoni collected from Songkhla, Thailand.
Gene expression and lipid accumulation in green microalga chlamydomonas reinhardtii (137c) under salt stress condition
Authors:   , Atikij Thanapa 
Published: September 2023

Biodiesel is an important alternative energy that can reduce CO2 emission, the main cause of Global warming. Algal biomass has been considered to be the third generation biofuels. One of the important strategies that enhance lipid accumulation; precursor of biodiesel production, is stress cultivation. High salt concentration is one of a potential approach to enhance lipid accumulation in microalgae. Here, we investigated the impacts of salt on lipid accumulation in green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (137c). The results revealed that higher concentrations of NaCl, KCl, and LiCl led to increasing of saturated fatty acid contents for 1.8, 1.2, and 1.1 folds compared with control condition. Poly-unsaturated fatty acid contents were found to be statistically significant decreased. The expression level of seven genes involved in lipid biosynthesis was examined under NaCl stress. PDH2, MAT, and KAS2 were up-regulated significantly for 1.83 ± 0.20, 1.82 ± 0.06, and 1.70 ± 0.05 folds, respectively. In this study, we were interested in the expression ChMAT and overexpression of SynMAT in the model freshwater cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942. Expression of ChMAT could be detected at transcriptional level but not translational level. In case of SynMAT overexpressor, gene and protein expression obviously detected. Under different growth phase of SynMAT/7942, gene and protein expressions were not different. SynMAT and SynLACS mRNA expression under salt stress; however, seemed to be down-regulated. Fatty acid composition was modulated in the overexpressor. FAMEs analysis demonstrated that overexpression of SynMAT in S. elongatus PCC 7942 resulted in increasing of total saturated fatty acid while mono-unsaturated fatty acid content was decreased. Moreover, overexpression of SynMAT affected to the content of C16 and C18 in particular. This study would lead to the improvement of lipid accumulation in microalgae or cyanobacteria in the future.
Preparation of graphene nanocomposites for anticorrosion and sensors
Authors:   , Promphet Nadtinan 
Published: September 2023

This dissertation focused on the development of graphene (GO) nanocomposite coating to improve various substrate properties for the sensor application, which is divided into 2 main parts. The first part is the development of GO incorporated into electroless nickel phosphorus (NiP) coating to improve the properties of metal for electrochemical sensor application. Nickel phosphorus – titanium dioxide sol – reduced graphene oxide (NiP-TiO2 sol -RGO) coated surface was successfully prepared by one-pot electroless deposition on the steel substrate. The results show that the homogeneously formation of water-repellent RGO film covering on the coated surface leading to improve the corrosion resistance and high electrical conductivity of NiP-TiO2-RGO coated steel. The second part is the development of GO nanocomposite coated textile substrates to enhance the analytical performances of non-invasive colorimetric sensor. GO nanocomposite was incorporated on textile substrates including fabric and thread by coating and padding. The cotton fabric based sensor was successfully fabricated for sweat pH and lactate detection and it can directly apply onto the human skin for the simultaneous detection of pH and lactate during the physical exercise. The pH indicator gradually changed from red to blue as the pH increased, whereas the intensity of the purple color increased with the concentration of lactate in the sweat which can indicate the sweat pH in a range of 1-14 and the lactate level of 0-25 mM. As for the textiles, thread has been developed for non-invasive glucose and urea sensor. Thread is a promising microfluidic device for biosensor due to low volume of reagent and sample, fast reaction time and high sensitivity. This sensor can be used to identify the cut-off level of glucose (0.3 mM) and urea (65 mM) in human sweat. This sensor might be incorporated into clothes and accessories for the real-time and continuous monitoring of sweat biomarkers. This platform opens a new approach for non-invasive diagnosis in healthcare and it will be integrated with clothes and apparels for the users in the near future.
Taxonomy and secondary metabolites of selected endophytic actinomycete strains
Authors:   , Kuncharoen Nattakorn 
Published: September 2023

A total of 50 endophytic actinomycetes isolated from fourteen plant species collected from six provinces of Thailand including Bangkok, Chachoengsao, Chiang Mai, Nakhon Pathom, Prachinburi and Suphan Buri were taxonomically studied relied on their phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, and the 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The isolates were identified as members of the family Streptomycetaceae involving Streptomyces (22 isolates), and the family Micromonosporaceae including Micromonospora (25 isolates), Plantactinospora (1 isolate) and Polymorphospora (1 isolate). Based on phenotypic characteristics, whole genome sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization, 5 novel actinomycete species were proposed consisting of Micromonospora globbae (strain WPS1-2T), Micromonospora azadirachtae (strain AZ1-19T), Micromonospora radicis (strain AZ1-13T), Micromonospora musae (strain MS1-9T and NGC1-4) and Streptomyces endoradicus (strain DS1-2T and AZ1-7).

Secondary metabolites from culture broth of Streptomyces pseudovenezuelae SKH1-2 and Streptomyces aculeolatus MS1-6 were studied based on their interested chemical profiles analyzed by the in-house HPLC chemical database. The chemical structures of the isolated secondary metabolites were identified using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and mass spectroscopy. Chartreusin and lumichrome, polyketide, were isolated from S. pseudovenezuelae SKH1-2T. Chartreusin exhibited antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Kocuria rhizophila ATCC 9341 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538p with MIC values of 3.1, 1.6 and 12.5 ug/mL, respectively, whilst lumichrome did not show any antimicrobial activity. In addition, a naphthoquinone, arromycin, and one derivative of salicylic acid, salaceyin A, were isolated from S. aculeolatus MS1-6. Arromycin has been reported as anti-Gram-positive bacteria such as B. subtilis, S. aureus, Listeria ivanovii and Enterococcus faecium while salaceyin A has the anti-phytopathogenic fungi including Cladosporium cucumerinum, Colletotrichum orbiculare and Phytophthora capsici.
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors from dendrobium scabrilingue
Authors:   , Sarakulwattana Chalermporn 
Published: September 2023

Phytochemical study of the methanol extract of the whole plant of Dendrobium scabrilingue Lindl. (Orchidaceae) resulted in the isolation of a new phenanthrene and a new bisbibenzyl namely dendroscabrols A and B, respectively, along with eight known compounds, identified as (Z)-ferulic acid tetracosyl ester, (E)-ferulic acid tetracosyl ester, gigantol, batatasin III, coelonin, aloifol I, lusianthridin and RF-3192C. The structures of these isolated compounds were determined mainly by spectroscopic data. All isolates were examined for alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Dendroscabrol B and RF-3192C exhibited the most potent activity. In addition, dendroscabrol A, gigantol, coelonin and lusianthridin displayed strong activity compared with the positive control acarbose.
Reforming Regulation of Multi-level Marketing in Myanmar
Authors:   , Oo Zeyar 
Published: September 2023

The business of multi-level marketing is prohibited in Myanmar under the Notification no 46/2018. There are not only three paragraphs but also lack of the definition of MLM in this Notification. If distributors sell any product through MLM in Myanmar, they will be punished with imprisonment for a term exceeding three years under section 5 of the Myanmar Essential Goods and Services Law 2012. The study of the provisions on the business of MLM in selected ASEAN countries, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Singapore indicates that the definition of multi-level marketing and pyramid scheme is not the same.

Moreover, businessman and consumer have unavoidable problems as follow; firstly, Myanmar MLM measure is difficult to understand because it is not clear. Secondly, MLM business does not have a chance to compete with normal business, thirdly, this situation cannot create to be more choice and better price for the consumer.

This thesis put forward new regulation of MLM in order to good balance between consumer rights and fair market. This thesis also studies the essential elements on a MLM regulation of selected ASEAN countries.
Fracture Resistance Of Non-Ferruled Endodontically Treated Teeth Restored With Different Fiber Post And Core Methods After Five Years Fatigue Loading
Authors:   , Malakorn Puriwat 
Published: September 2023

The aim of this study was to compare the fracture resistance and failure mode of non-ferruled ETT restored with different fiber post and core methods after five years in vitro fatigue loading. Forty-eight uniradicular lower first premolar teeth were decoronated, endodontically treated and prepared for the post space. The prepared specimens were divided into four groups (n=12): single fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) post and flowable resin composite core (Group I), FRC post with an accessory fiber post and flowable resin composite core (Group II), resin composite relined FRC post and resin composite core (Direct anatomic post)(Group III), and resin composite relined FRC post with an accessory fiber post and resin composite core (Direct anatomic post)(Group IV). The coronal restoration was fabricated with casted Ni-Cr alloys. All specimens were subjected to the cyclic loading test for 1.2 million cycles to simulate five years of clinical service followed by static loading test. All failure loads were recorded and statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA at the 95% confidence level. The mode of failure was classified into two groups: favorable failure and unfavorable failure. The results showed that all specimens survived the cyclic loading test. The mean (SD) fracture resistance was 636 N (133 N) for Group I, 621 N (152 N) for Group II, 636 N (114 N) for Group III and 618 N (109 N) for Group IV. There was no statistically significant differences between different experimental groups. Ninety-six percent of specimens showed unfavorable failure. Every fiber post and core method resulted in fracture resistance above the force of mastication after five years of clinical simulation.
Depression, anxiety and stress association among Taze boarding school adolescent, Shwe Bo District, Sgaing Division, Myanmar : a cross-sectional study
Authors:   , Win Nanda 
Published: September 2023

Adolescent is a transition phase from childhood to adulthood. Therefore, there are various problems occurring in that period such as physical, social and mental health issues. The study purpose is to describe prevalence of depression, anxiety, stress and to explore the associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 360 adolescents at three boarding schools in Taze, Myanmar. Data were collected by self-administered. The measurement tools including socio demographic characteristics, Modified form of social support scale, Pearlin’s mastery scale, Rosenberg self-esteem scale and Depression, anxiety, stress -21 scale (DASS 21). Multivariate regression analysis was conducted to explore the associated factors of depression, anxiety and stress. The prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress was 85%, 84% and 71% respectively. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, depression was significantly associated with problems with teacher interaction, in school performance, social support from parents and mastery (p-value <0.05). Problems in school performance and mastery showed highly statistically significant associations (p-value <0.01). For anxiety, interpersonal conflict with parents, problems with teacher interaction, and social competence showed statistically significant association (p-value< 0.05). Problems with teacher interaction and interpersonal conflict with parents showed highly statistically significant associations (p-value <0.01). For stress, age, grade, sex, problems with teacher interaction, in school performance and interpersonal conflict with parents showed statistically significant association (p-value< 0.05). Age, grade and problems with teacher interaction showed highly statistically significant associations (p-value <0.01). Boarding school is a stressful environment compared with public schools. This study showed the associated factors of students’ depression, anxiety, stress and conditions with parents, teachers and peers. In this study, the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress was so high, further studies should focus on intervention study to reduce depression, anxiety and stress and investigate about suicidal ideation and suicidal attempt.