bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Programmed cell death of periodontal ligament cells
Authors: He Wei , Fu Yu , Yao Song , Huang Lan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe periodontal ligament is a crucial tissue that provides support to the periodontium. Situated between the alveolar bone and the tooth root, it consists primarily of fibroblasts, cementoblasts, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), and epithelial cell rests of Malassez. Fibroblasts, cementoblasts, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts are functionally differentiated cells, whereas PDLSCs are undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells. The dynamic development of these cells is intricately linked to periodontal changes and homeostasis. Notably, the regulation of programmed cell death facilitates the clearance of necrotic tissue and plays a pivotal role in immune response. However, it also potentially contributes to the loss of periodontal supporting tissues and root resorption. These findings have significant implications for understanding the occurrence and progression of periodontitis, as well as the mechanisms underlying orthodontic root resorption. Further, the regulation of periodontal ligament cell (PDLC) death is influenced by both systemic and local factors. This comprehensive review focuses on recent studies reporting the mechanisms of PDLC death and related factors.
CircHIPK3 contributes to cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer by blocking autophagy‐dependent ferroptosis
Authors: Shang Ziqi , Luo Zhengdong , Wang Yifeng , Liu Qi , Xin Yiwei , Zhang Mengjiao , Li Xinyang , Zeng Shunjie , Yu Longchen , Zhang Xin , Zhang Yi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCisplatin is the first‐line chemotherapy for gastric cancer (GC). However, its efficacy is dampened by the development of chemoresistance, which leads to poor prognosis in GC patients. Recently, evidence has revealed that circular RNAs (circRNAs) and dysregulation of autophagy‐dependent ferroptosis play critical roles in cancer chemoresistance. Herein, for the first time we report that circHIPK3 has a vital role in GC cisplatin resistance. CircHIPK3 regulated cisplatin resistance by targeting autophagy and ferroptosis. In brief, knockdown circHIPK3 decreased GC cell cisplatin resistance by enhancing ferroptosis via the miR‐508‐3p/Bcl‐2/beclin1/SLC7A11 axis. Taken together, our results demonstrate that ferroptosis is a promising strategy to ameliorate cisplatin resistance. Importantly, serum exosomal circHIPK3 could also be a noninvasive indicator to evaluate cisplatin resistance in GC.
Transformed cells maintain survival by downregulating autophagy at a high cell confluency
Authors: Kim Hye‐Gyo , Ro Myeong‐Han , Hwang Sung‐Hee , Lee Michael 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAutophagy plays a dual role in tumorigenesis by functioning as both a tumor suppressor and promoter, depending on the stage of tumorigenesis. However, it is still unclear at what stage the role of autophagy changes during tumorigenesis. Herein, we investigated the differences in the basal levels and roles of autophagy in five cell lines at different stages of cell transformation. We found that cell lines at higher transformation stages were more sensitive to the autophagy inhibitors, suggesting that autophagy plays a more important role as the transformation progresses. Our ptfLC3 imaging analysis to measure Atg5/LC3‐dependent autophagy showed increased autophagic flux in transformed cells compared to untransformed cells. However, the Cyto‐ID analysis, which measures Atg5‐dependent and ‐independent autophagic flux, showed high levels of autophagosome formation not only in the transformed cells but also in the initiated cell and Atg5 KO cell line. These results indicate that Atg5‐independent autophagy may be more critical in initiated and transformed cell lines than in untransformed cells. Specially, we observed that transformed cells maintained relatively high basal autophagy levels under rapidly proliferating conditions but exhibited much lower basal autophagy levels at high confluency; however, autophagic flux was not significantly reduced in untransformed cells, even at high confluency. In addition, when continuously cultured for 3 weeks without passage, senescent cells were significantly less sensitive to autophagy inhibition than their actively proliferating counterparts. These results imply that once a cell has switched from a proliferative state to a senescent state, the inhibition of autophagy has only a minimal effect. Taken together, our results suggest that autophagy can be differentially regulated in cells at different stages of tumorigenesis under stressful conditions.
Association between the 110‐kDa C‐terminal agrin fragment and skeletal muscle decline among community‐dwelling older women
Authors: Kamiya Kuniyasu , Tachiki Takahiro , Sato Yuho , Kouda Katsuyasu , Kajita Etsuko , Tamaki Junko , Kagamimori Sadanobu , Iki Masayuki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundC‐terminal agrin fragment (CAF) is a biomarker for neuromuscular junction degradation. This study aimed to investigate whether 110‐kDa CAF (CAF110) was associated with the presence and incidence of low muscle mass and strength.MethodsThis cross‐sectional retrospective cohort study comprised women aged ≥65 years. We measured muscle mass using a dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry scanner, hand‐grip strength, and blood sampling between 2011 and 2012. A follow‐up study with the same measurements was conducted between 2015 and 2017. Low muscle mass and strength were defined as an appendicular skeletal muscle mass index <5.4 kg/m2 and hand‐grip strength <18 kg, respectively. The CAF110 level was measured using enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay kits.ResultsIn total, 515 women (74.3 ± 6.3 years) were included in this cross‐sectional analysis. Of these, 101 (19.6%) and 128 (24.9%) women presented with low muscle mass and strength, respectively. For low muscle mass, the odds ratios (ORs) of the middle and highest CAF110 tertile groups, compared with the lowest group, were 1.93 (95% confidence interval: 1.09–3.43; P = 0.024) and 2.15 (1.22–3.80; P = 0.008), respectively. After adjusting for age, the ORs remained significant: 1.98 (1.11–3.52; P = 0.020) and 2.27 (1.28–4.03; P = 0.005), respectively. Low muscle strength ORs of all the CAF110 tertile groups were not significant. In the longitudinal analysis, 292 and 289 women were assessed for incidents of low muscle mass and strength, respectively. Of those, 34 (11.6%) and 20 (6.9%) women exhibited low muscle mass and strength, respectively. For incident low muscle mass, the crude OR of the CAF110 ≥ the median value group was marginally higher than that of the CAF110 < median value group (median [interquartile range]: 1.98 [0.94–4.17] (P = 0.072). After adjusting for age and baseline muscle mass, the OR was 2.22 [0.97–5.06] (P = 0.058). All low muscle strength ORs of the median categories of CAF110 were not significant.ConclusionsCAF110 was not associated with low muscle strength. However, CAF110 may be a potential marker for the incidence of low muscle mass.
Attitudes and opinions of telehealth in the dental school environment: A survey study
Authors: Bakerywala Arifa , Finkelman Matthew , Swee Gerald , Lerman Mark , Loo Cheen Y. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeThe objective of this study was to assess provider attitudes and opinions regarding telehealth in the dental school environment.MethodA survey was developed and validated and was sent to 849 predoctoral students, postdoctoral students (residents), and faculty at a single dental school. It consisted of 13 questions regarding the participants’ professional backgrounds, opinions, and attitudes toward telehealth. The survey opened on November 16, 2021, and remained open for 6 weeks.ResultsOf 849 survey recipients, 163 (19%) responded. Among 161 usable surveys, 90 (56%) were predoctoral students, 42 (26%) were postdoctoral students, and 29 (18%) were faculty. Fifty‐four percent reported having completed at least one telehealth visit. Among this subset, 80% strongly agreed or agreed that telehealth is a good adjunct in providing care; 74% strongly agreed or agreed that telehealth has improved communication with patients.ConclusionMost dental providers reported positive opinions and attitudes regarding telehealth's ability to improve communication and serve as an adjunct to providing care.Practical implicationsIn the right circumstances, telehealth offers an alternative to traditional oral healthcare delivery methods. Based on the perceptions of dental providers, the use of telehealth may also be beneficial in combination with traditional approaches in the dental school environment.
Brain metastases from breast cancer using magnetic resonance imaging: A systematic review
Authors: Mohammadi Mahdi , Mohammadi Sana , Hadizadeh Hojatollah , Olfati Mahsa , Moradi Fatemeh , Tanzifi Ghazal , Ghaderi Sadegh 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDespite improvements in imaging and treatment approaches, brain metastases (BMs) continue to be the primary cause of mortality and morbidity in about 20% of adult cancer patients. This research aimed to review the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical characteristics of BMs resulting from breast cancer (BC). A systematic review of original research articles published from January 2000 to June 2023. We selected studies that reported MRI findings of BMs in BC patients. We excluded reviews, case reports, books/book chapters, animal studies and irrelevant records. We identified 24 studies that included 1580 BC patients with BMs. T1‐weighted (T1‐w) (pre‐ and postcontrast), T2‐weighted (T2‐w), fluid‐attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and T2*‐weighted (T2*‐w) was used to measure the lesion size, shape and area. In other studies, advanced structural techniques including diffusion‐weighted imaging (DWI), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and susceptibility‐weighted imaging (SWI) were used to more precisely and sensitively evaluate the pathological area. Furthermore, functional and metabolic techniques like functional MRI (fMRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and perfusion‐weighted imaging (PWI) have also been utilised. The MRI findings of BMs varied depending on the MRI technique, the BC subtype, the lesion size and shape, the presence of haemorrhage or necrosis and the comparison with other brain tumours. Some MRI findings were associated with prognosis, recurrence or cognitive impairment in BC patients with BMs. MRI detects, characterises and monitors BMs from BC. Findings vary by MRI technique, BC subtype, lesion characteristics and comparison with other brain tumours. More research should validate emerging MRI techniques, determine the clinical implications of findings and explore the underlying mechanisms and biology of BMs from BC. MRI is a valuable tool for diagnosis, targeted therapy and studying BC metastasis.
Implementation and clinical evaluation of an Mpox virus laboratory‐developed test on a fully automated random‐access platform
Authors: Wettengel Jochen M. , Bunse Till , Jeske Samuel D. , Wölfel Roman , Zange Sabine , Taeubner Julia , Goelnitz Uta , Protzer Ulrike 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhile Mpox virus (MPXV) diagnostics were performed in specialized laboratories only, the global emergence of Mpox cases in 2022 revealed the need for a more readily available diagnostic. Automated random‐access platforms with fast nucleic acid extraction and PCR have become established in many laboratories, providing faster and more accessible testing. In this study, we adapted a previously published generic MPXV‐PCR as a lab‐developed test (LDT) on a NeuMoDx Molecular System and isolated MPXV clones from patient materials. To reduce the handling of infectious material, we evaluated a viral lysis buffer (VLB) for sample pretreatment. We further compared the MPXV‐LDT‐PCR to conventional real‐time PCR, determined its sensitivity and specificity using positive swabs, and assessed its performance using external quality assessment samples. Pretreatment of samples with 50% VLB reduced MPXV infectivity by approximately 200‐fold while maintaining PCR sensitivity. The assay demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 100% with no cross‐reactivity in the samples tested and performed with a limit of detection of 262 GE/mL. In summary, the assay had a turnaround time of fewer than 2 h and can easily be transferred to other automated PCR platforms, providing a basis for developing rapid assays for upcoming pandemics.
CREB1 activation promotes human papillomavirus oncogene expression and cervical cancer cell transformation
Authors: Li Yigen , Patterson Molly R. , Morgan Ethan L. , Wasson Christopher W. , Ryder Emma L. , Barba‐Moreno Diego , Scarth James A. , Wang Miao , Macdonald Andrew 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHuman papillomaviruses (HPVs) infect the oral and anogenital mucosa and can cause cancer. The high‐risk (HR)‐HPV oncoproteins, E6 and E7, hijack cellular factors to promote cell proliferation, delay differentiation and induce genomic instability, thus predisposing infected cells to malignant transformation. cAMP response element (CRE)‐binding protein 1 (CREB1) is a master transcription factor that can function as a proto‐oncogene, the abnormal activity of which is associated with multiple cancers. However, little is known about the interplay between HPV and CREB1 activity in cervical cancer or the productive HPV lifecycle. We show that CREB is activated in productively infected primary keratinocytes and that CREB1 expression and phosphorylation is associated with the progression of HPV+ cervical disease. The depletion of CREB1 or inhibition of CREB1 activity results in decreased cell proliferation and reduced expression of markers of epithelial to mesenchymal transition, coupled with reduced migration in HPV+ cervical cancer cell lines. CREB1 expression is negatively regulated by the tumor suppressor microRNA, miR‐203a, and CREB1 phosphorylation is controlled through the MAPK/MSK pathway. Crucially, CREB1 directly binds the viral promoter to upregulate transcription of the E6/E7 oncogenes, establishing a positive feedback loop between the HPV oncoproteins and CREB1. Our findings demonstrate the oncogenic function of CREB1 in HPV+ cervical cancer and its relationship with the HPV oncogenes.
Perovskites informatics: Studying the impact of thicknesses, doping, and defects on the perovskite solar cell efficiency using a machine learning algorithm
Authors: Ismail Zahraa S. , Sawires Eman F. , Amer Fathy Z. , Abdellatif Sameh O. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe integration of machine learning (ML) models in studying, investigating, and optimizing various electronic devices and materials has significantly glow up. With the aid of ML algorithms and input datasets, data regression and prediction can show the output characteristic performance under a wide range of input combinations. Herein, we utilize a random‐forest ML algorithm to study the influence of nine input design parameters on the overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of cesium lead halides perovskites cells. The doping levels, the defects densities, and the thicknesses among the perovskite thin film, as well as the hole and electron transport layers, are studied against the cell PCE. The seeded dataset is managed using experimental data and experimentally validated numerical simulations. Datasets of more than 1 512 000 points were generated and seeded to the ML model. The PCE variation against the inputs for the three metal halides was investigated. A 17.8% PCE for CsPbI3 was reached, while PCE of 14.6% and 6.5% were recorded for CsPbBr3, and CsPbCl3, respectively.
New targets of TetR‐type regulator SLCG_2919 for controlling lincomycin biosynthesis in Streptomyces lincolnensis
Authors: Xu Yurong , Yi Jing , Kai Yuanzhong , Li Binglin , Liu Meng , Zhou Qihua , Wang Jingru , Liu Ruihua , Wu Hang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe transcription factor (TF)‐mediated regulatory network controlling lincomycin production in Streptomyces lincolnensis is yet to be fully elucidated despite several types of associated TFs having been reported. SLCG_2919, a tetracycline repressor (TetR)‐type regulator, was the first TF to be characterized outside the lincomycin biosynthetic cluster to directly suppress the lincomycin biosynthesis in S. lincolnensis. In this study, improved genomic systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (gSELEX), an in vitro technique, was adopted to capture additional SLCG_2919‐targeted sequences harboring the promoter regions of SLCG_6675, SLCG_4123‐4124, SLCG_6579, and SLCG_0139‐0140. The four DNA fragments were confirmed by electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSAs). Reverse‐transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‐qPCR) showed that the corresponding target genes SLCG_6675 (anthranilate synthase), SLCG_0139 (LysR family transcriptional regulator), SLCG_0140 (beta‐lactamase), SLCG_6579 (cytochrome P450), SLCG_4123 (bifunctional DNA primase/polymerase), and SLCG_4124 (magnesium or magnesium‐dependent protein phosphatase) in ΔSLCGL_2919 were differentially increased by 3.3‐, 4.2‐, 3.2‐, 2.5‐, 4.6‐, and 2.2‐fold relative to those in the parental strain S. lincolnensis LCGL. Furthermore, the individual inactivation of these target genes in LCGL reduced the lincomycin yield to varying degrees. This investigation expands on the known DNA targets of SLCG_2919 to control lincomycin production and lays the foundation for improving industrial lincomycin yields via genetic engineering of this regulatory network.
Reference evapotranspiration during the growing season in Poland (central Europe) in response to ongoing climate changes (1966–2020)
Authors: Araźny Andrzej , Kępińska‐Kasprzak Małgorzata , Łaszyca Edward Zbigniew , Chmist‐Sikorska Joanna , Bartczak Arkadiusz 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEvapotranspiration is an important part of the water cycle and influences, for example, water management and agricultural production. The article presents temporal and spatial changes in reference evapotranspiration (ETo) in the growing season (April–September) against the background of climatic conditions in Poland in the years 1966–2020. ETo was calculated using the Penman–Monteith method using data from 37 meteorological stations in the network of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management‐National Research Institute. For the growing season of April–September, the average sum of ETo for Poland was 529 mm. In terms of spatial distribution, the values were lowest in northern Poland (Kołobrzeg, 480 mm; Lębork, 488 mm) and highest in the central lowlands (Warsaw, 570 mm; Poznań, 566 mm). For individual months, the average sum of ETo ranged from 53 to 63 mm in April and September to 108–112 mm in June and July. In Poland, in the years 1966–2020, ETo showed a statistically significant upward trend of 16.4 mm/10 year. This is the result of, inter alia, statistically significant increases in sunshine duration and air temperature and a decrease in relative humidity (respectively: 62 h/10 year, 0.40°C/10 year and −1%/10 year) during the growing season in Poland. Within the multiyear study period, the maximum ETo values occurred in 2018, reaching values of >700 mm. At that time, Poland was under the influence of very intense anticyclonic circulation. This is confirmed by the relationship between ETo and the anticyclonic circulation index for central Poland, which is statistically significant for the 55 study years.
Reconstruction of oncologic upper extremity defects with fibula free flaps has high union rates and excellent functional outcomes
Authors: Shahzad Farooq , Fazzalari Amanda , Zoghbi Yasmina , Coriddi Michelle R. , Chapman Talia R. , Mehrara Babak J. , Disa Joseph J. , Cordeiro Peter G. , Healey John , Athanasian Edward 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundLimb salvage has better functional outcomes than amputation in the upper extremity. This can however be challenging after bony tumor resections.MethodsThis is a retrospective case series of patients who underwent humerus, ulna, or radius reconstruction with a fibula free flap. Data were collected on demographics, oncologic history, surgical details, and complications. Functional outcome measures included the patient's ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL), presence of pain, and musculoskeletal tumor society (MSTS) score.ResultsOver a 25‐year period, 38 reconstructions were performed. The flap success rate was 97.5%. Bony union was obtained in 19 of 19 (100%) forearm reconstructions and in 15 of 19 (79%) humerus reconstructions (p = 0.10). All 19 forearm reconstruction patients and 18/19 humerus reconstruction patients were able to perform ADLs with no pain or only occasional pain. The MSTS scores were not significantly different between the humerus and forearm cohorts (27.1 vs. 27.3, p = 0.68). Functional outcomes were significantly better in limbs that achieved union (p < 0.001). Recipient and donor site complications occurred in 10 (26.3%) and 5 (13%) patients, respectively.ConclusionsOncologic upper‐extremity reconstruction with fibula free flaps has excellent functional outcomes. Bone union is a predictor of superior limb function.
Relationship between blood lead levels and clinical and physiological factors in Bonelli's eagle
Authors: Villén‐Molina Elisa , Rodríguez Casilda , López Irene , Suárez Laura , Moraleda Virginia , González Fernando 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLead is a toxic metal that produces effects on the overall health of animals, resulting in mortality at high exposures, adverse physiological and behavioral effects at lower concentrations, and population declines in many species. Scavengers and predators are more susceptible to lead toxicity because of behavioral and physiologic factors, and long lifespans increase the risk of exposure cumulatively. Bonelli's eagle (Aquila fasciata) is a long‐living predator that may have reduced breeding success because of lead exposure. We analyzed the blood lead levels of 54 wild and captive Bonelli's eagles admitted to a recovery center in Spain from May 2014 to July 2015 and the lead relationship among physiological, clinical, and environmental variables. We detected blood lead using anodic stripping voltammetry. Lead levels were below the limit of quantification (3.3 μg/dL) in 100% of captive animals (n = 22); in contrast, 21.9% of wild birds (n = 32) had higher lead levels than captive birds (P = 0.020). Among wild animals, the 2 adults tested had detectable lead, the only eagle sampled in autumn had the highest lead levels of the study (14.7 μg/dL), and 16.7% of nestlings had detectable lead levels. There is no evidence that the lead levels differ between sexes. There were no symptoms associated with lead intoxication or any correlation between lead levels and hematological or biochemical values; however, subclinical lead exposure at early ages can be harmful and could influence neurological and body development. Researchers should determine if lead could be causing damage to wildlife from early ages to determine if lead exposure affects the conservation of the threatened population of Bonelli's eagles in Spain and elsewhere.