bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Racial Disparities in Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients With Dermatomyositis of Different Skin Tones
Authors: Weisleder Hillary , Valle Ana , Xie Xianhong , Mahmood Shereen 
Published: September 2023

Background
Delays in the diagnosis and treatment of dermatological conditions in minorities are a well-documented health disparity. We aimed to determine if there was a delay in detection and treatment initiation for dermatomyositis (DM) and amyopathic dermatomyositis (ADM) in patients of different skin tones.

Methods
Patients from Montefiore Medical Center who met the criteria for DM and ADM were included in this cohort study. Records were reviewed for date of first documented rash, creatine kinase levels, muscle weakness complaints, and date of first steroid or disease-modifying antirheumatic drug initiation. The median number of days between rash documentation and therapy initiation was compared for patients of different races, including non-Hispanic White, non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and other (Asian and unknown). Data were compared in White versus non-White skin.

Results
Sixty-three DM and 9 ADM patients met the inclusion criteria. There was a shorter time to treatment initiation in White versus non-White patients, with a median number of 8 days compared with 21 days, respectively (p = 0.05). Kaplan-Meier curves showed prolonged time to diagnosis and treatment in all other races when compared with White patients (p = 0.03).

Discussion
It took clinicians longer to diagnose and treat DM and ADM in patients of color. The trends observed emphasize the importance of increasing dermatology education of non-White skin to improve detection and treatment of DM and ADM and minimize health disparities.
New-Generation 0.55 T MRI of the Knee—Initial Clinical Experience and Comparison With 3 T MRI
Authors: Donners Ricardo , Vosshenrich Jan , Gutzeit Andreas , Bach Michael , Schlicht Felix , Obmann Markus M. , Harder Dorothee , Breit Hanns-Christian 
Published: September 2023

Objectives
The aim of this study was to compare the detection rate of and reader confidence in 0.55 T knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings with 3 T knee MRI in patients with acute trauma and knee pain.

Materials and Methods
In this prospective study, 0.55 T and 3 T knee MRI of 25 symptomatic patients (11 women; median age, 38 years) with suspected internal derangement of the knee was obtained in 1 setting. On the 0.55 T system, a commercially available deep learning image reconstruction algorithm was used (Deep Resolve Gain and Deep Resolve Sharp; Siemens Healthineers), which was not available on the 3 T system. Two board-certified radiologists reviewed all images independently and graded image quality parameters, noted MRI findings and their respective reporting confidence level for the presence or absence, as well as graded the bone, cartilage, meniscus, ligament, and tendon lesions. Image quality and reader confidence levels were compared (P < 0.05 = significant), and clinical findings were correlated between 0.55 T and 3 T MRI by calculation of the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).

Results
Image quality was rated higher at 3 T compared with 0.55 T studies (each P ≤ 0.017). Agreement between 0.55 T and 3 T MRI for the detection and grading of bone marrow edema and fractures, ligament and tendon lesions, high-grade meniscus and cartilage lesions, Baker cysts, and joint effusions was perfect for both readers. Overall identification and grading of cartilage and meniscal lesions showed good agreement between high- and low-field MRI (each ICC > 0.76), with lower agreement for low-grade cartilage (ICC = 0.77) and meniscus lesions (ICC = 0.49). There was no difference in readers' confidence levels for reporting lesions of bone, ligaments, tendons, Baker cysts, and joint effusions between 0.55 T and 3 T (each P > 0.157). Reader reporting confidence was higher for cartilage and meniscal lesions at 3 T (each P < 0.041).

Conclusions
New-generation 0.55 T knee MRI, with deep learning–aided image reconstruction, allows for reliable detection and grading of joint lesions in symptomatic patients, but it showed limited accuracy and reader confidence for low-grade cartilage and meniscal lesions in comparison with 3 T MRI.
Theoretical, Conceptual, and Operational Aspects in Simulation Training With Rapid Cycle Deliberate Practice
Authors: de Oliveira Hudson Carmo , Campos Juliana Faria , de Souza Lucimar Casimiro , de Bakker Gabriela Barcellos , Ferreira Luciana Lopes Busquet , da Silva Rodrigo Nogueira , dos Santos Pires Paula Rodrigues , Brandão Marcos Antônio Gomes 
Published: September 2023

Summary Statement
An integrative review following Whittemore and Knafl's 5-stage approach (problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, data analysis, and presentation) was conducted to synthesize the evidence on the theoretical, conceptual, and operational aspects of simulation training with rapid cycle deliberate practice (RCDP). After the literature search, 2 reviewers independently read and critically evaluated primary studies using the eligibility criteria. A third more experienced reviewer solved disagreements between the reviewers.
This review included 31 articles. Eight themes were identified and grouped into 2 pre-established categories: theoretical/conceptual and operational aspects. The first category had the following 3 themes: definition of RCDP, concepts related to the principles of RCDP, and theories underpinning RCDP. The second category had the following 5 themes: total training time, number of participants in the training, training system, first scenario without intervention, and progressive difficulty. This review showed that knowledge about RCDP is still under construction. As a new simulation strategy, there are some theoretical, conceptual, and operational differences in the studies applying RCDP interventions as simulation training.
Identification of secondary metabolites containing a diketopiperazine core in extracts from myxobacterial strains with growth inhibition activity against a range of prey species
Authors: Radford Emily Jade , Whitworth David , Allison Gordon 
Published: September 2023

Myxobacteria produce a variety of bioactive secondary metabolites, and with a wealth of under-researched species they hold vast potential for undiscovered compounds. With the ever-increasing need for new antibiotics, the development of novel therapeutics is vitally important. Therefore, this study aimed to extract and elucidate antimicrobial metabolites from the following myxobacteria: Myxococcus xanthus CA010 and AB022; Corallococcus exiguus DSM14696T; Myxococcus stipitatus DSM14675T; Corallococcus aberystwythensis AB050AT. Metabolite mixtures were extracted in acetone from XAD-16 resin incubated in liquid cultures and analysed using GC-MS. Bioactivity was identified using a growth inhibition assay against a panel of clinically relevant prey species including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and a fungus. The growth of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecalis was most affected by the metabolite mixtures and the mixtures from AB022 and AB050AT were effective against the most prey. GC-MS analysis revealed metabolites with roles in synthesis and degradation of amino acids and fatty acids, but also identified compounds A and B with a diketopiperazine (DKP) core. With previously confirmed bioactivity of compound A, it is suggested that these DKP compounds are contributing to the antimicrobial activity observed. Furthermore, many compounds could not be identified and so these unknowns present further potential for novel bioactive compounds.
Brain Tuberculoma: A fifty-two-year-old woman case report
Authors: Shankar Gokul S , Nair Sreeja , Jacob Teena , Idikula Mercy John 
Published: September 2023

Tuberculoma of the brain is one of the most severe extrapulmonary forms that affect patients less than 40 years of age. They are space-occupying masses of granulomatous tissue that result from haematogenous spread from a distant focus of tuberculous infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Symptoms and radiologic features being nonspecific usually leads to misdiagnosis and mimics a variety of other infectious diseases. Anti- Tubercular drugs are essential for the successful treatment of cerebral tuberculomas. A 52-year-old woman with known co-morbidities and chronic kidney disease presented with complaints of disoriented talk, vomiting, fever, and decreased response since 1 day. The initial radiological imaging showed ring-enhancing lesions and a differential diagnosis of septic emboli, vasculitis, and tuberculosis was considered. A repeat MRI suggested Tuberculoma. CSF studies showed predominant lymphocytes with elevated protein. CBNAAT & AFB smears of CSF were negative. The patient was started on anti-tuberculous drugs and steroids. But did not respond to the treatment and twelve days later, a brain biopsy was taken and sent for cultures. She deteriorated progressively and died 14 days after admission. Twelve days after her demise, the Mycobacterial culture of the brain biopsy specimen grew Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Repurposing of rituximab biosimilars to treat B cell mediated autoimmune diseases
Authors: Mostkowska Agata , Rousseau Guy , Raynal Noël J-M 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRituximab, the first monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of lymphoma, eventually became one of the most popular and versatile drugs ever in terms of clinical application and revenue. Since its patent expiration, and consequently, the loss of exclusivity of the original biologic, its repurposing as an off-label drug has increased dramatically, propelled by the development and commercialization of its many biosimilars. Currently, rituximab is prescribed worldwide to treat a vast range of autoimmune diseases mediated by B cells. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of rituximab repurposing in 116 autoimmune diseases across 17 medical specialties, sourced from over 1,530 publications. Our work highlights the extent of its off-label use and clinical benefits, underlining the success of rituximab repurposing for both common and orphan immune-related diseases. We discuss the scientific mechanism associated with its clinical efficacy and provide additional indications for which rituximab could be investigated. Our study presents rituximab as a flagship example of drug repurposing owing to its central role in targeting CD20+B cells in over 100 autoimmune diseases.
Structural network topology mediated cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Chen Zhichun , Li Guanglu , Zhou Liche , Zhang Lina , Yang Li , Liu Jun 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCognitive impairment (CI) is one of the most prominent non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD). How brain network abnormalities contribute to CI in PD patients remain largely unclear. The goal of this study is to explore whether aberrations of brain network topology were causally associated with cognitive decline in PD patients. PD patients receiving magnetic resonance imaging from Parkinson’s Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) database were specifically selected. According to the scores of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), PD patients were classified into CI+ group (MoCA score ≤ 25) and CI-group (MoCA score > 25) to investigate whether clinical features and brain networks were significantly different between two groups. Mediation analysis was utilized to evaluate whether brain network alterations contributed to CI in PD patients. We revealed CI + group exhibited more severe non-motor symptoms compared to CI-group. In addition, age, excessive daytime sleepiness, and depressive symptoms were found to be significantly associated with CI of PD patients. Moreover, CI+ group exhibited statistically different local topological properties in structural network compared to CI-group. Furthermore, differential local topological metrics in structural network meditated the effects of age, excessive daytime sleepiness, and depression on cognitive decline of PD patients. Taken together, out study suggested that PD patients with CI exhibited notable disturbances of structural network topology, which mediated negative associations between of age, excessive daytime sleepiness, depression and cognitive decline of PD patients.
Hierarchy between forelimb premotor and primary motor cortices and its manifestation in their firing patterns
Authors: Saiki-Ishikawa Akiko , Agrios Mark , Savya Sajishnu , Forrest Adam , Sroussi Hannah , Hsu Sarah , Basrai Diya , Xu Feihong , Miri Andrew 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTThough hierarchy is commonly invoked in descriptions of motor cortical function, its presence and manifestation in firing patterns remain poorly resolved. Here we use optogenetic inactivation to demonstrate that short-latency influence between forelimb premotor and primary motor cortices is asymmetric during reaching in mice, demonstrating a partial hierarchy between the endogenous activity in each region. Multi-region recordings revealed that some activity is captured by similar but delayed patterns where either region’s activity leads, with premotor activity leading more. Yet firing in each region is dominated by patterns shared between regions and is equally predictive of firing in the other region at the single-neuron level. In dual-region network models fit to data, regions differed in their dependence on across-region input, rather than the amount of such input they received. Our results indicate that motor cortical hierarchy, while present, may not be exposed when inferring interactions between populations from firing patterns alone.
Is influenza B/Yamagata extinct and what public health implications could this have? An updated literature review and comprehensive assessment of global surveillance databases
Authors: Caini Saverio , Meijer Adam , Nunes Marta C. , Henaff Laetitia , Zounon Malaika , Boudewijns Bronke , Riccio Marco Del , Paget John 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIntroductionEarly after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, a major drop in the number of influenza B/Yamagata detections was observed globally. Given the potential public health implications, particularly with regards to influenza vaccination, we conducted a systematic review of influenza B/Yamagata virus circulation data from multiple complementary sources of information.MethodsWe searched articles published until 20thMarch 2023 in PubMed and EMBASE; examined epidemiological and virological influenza data for 2020-2023 contained in the publicly available WHO-FluNet and GISAID (Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data) global databases, or collected by the multi-national Global Influenza Hospital Surveillance Network (GIHSN) study; and looked for influenza data in the webpages of respiratory viruses surveillance systems from countries worldwide.ResultsHighly consistent findings were found across all sources of information, with a progressive decline of influenza B/Yamagata detections from 2020 onwards across all world regions, both in absolute terms (total number of cases), the positivity rate, and as a fraction of influenza B detections. Isolated influenza B/Yamagata cases continue to be sporadically reported, and these are typically vaccine-derived, mistaken data entries or under investigation.DiscussionWhile it is still too early to conclude that B/Yamagata is (or will soon become) extinct, the current epidemiological and virological data call for a rapid response in terms of influenza prevention practices, particularly regarding the formulation of influenza vaccines. The current epidemiological situation is unprecedented in recent decades, underlying the importance of continuously and carefully monitoring the circulation of influenza viruses (as well as SARS-CoV-2 and the other respiratory viruses) in the coming years.
Isolation and quantification of bacterial membrane vesicles for quantitative metabolic studies using mammalian cell cultures
Authors: Kretschmer Marcel , Müller Julia , Henke Petra , Otto Viktoria , Rodriguez Alejandro Arce , Müsken Mathias , Jahn Dieter , Borrero-de Acuña José Manuel , Neumann-Schaal Meina , Wegner Andre 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTBacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs) are produced by most bacteria and participate in various cellular processes, such as intercellular communication, nutrient exchange, and pathogenesis. Notably, these vesicles can contain virulence factors, including toxic proteins, DNA, and RNA. Such factors can contribute to the harmful effects of bacterial pathogens on host cells and tissues. Although the general effects of BMVs on host cellular physiology are well known, the underlying molecular mechanisms are less understood. In this study, we introduce a vesicle quantification method, leveraging the membrane dye FM4-64. We utilize a linear regression model to analyze the fluorescence emitted by stained vesicle membranes to ensure consistent and reproducible vesicle-host interaction studies using cultured cells. This method is particularly valuable for identifying host cellular processes impacted by vesicles and their specific cargo. Moreover, it outcompetes clearly unreliable protein concentration-based methods. We (1) show a linear correlation between the quantity of vesicles and the fluorescence signal emitted from the FM4-64 dye, (2) introduce the “vesicle load” as a new semi-quantitative unit, facilitating more reproducible vesicle-cell culture interaction experiments (3) show that a stable vesicle load yields consistent host responses when studying vesicles fromPseudomonas aeruginosamutants (4) demonstrate that typical vesicle isolation contaminants, such as flagella, do not significantly skew the metabolic response of lung epithelial cells toP. aeruginosavesicles, and (5) identify inositol-1-monophosphatase (SuhB) as a pivotal regulator in the vesicle-mediated pathogenesis ofP. aeruginosa.
Escherichia coliadapts metabolically to 6- and 7-fluoroindole, enabling proteome-wide fluorotryptophan substitution
Authors: Treiber-Kleinke Christin , Berger Allison , Adrian Lorenz , Budisa Nediljko , Koksch Beate 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNature has scarcely evolved a biochemistry around fluorine. However, modern science proved fluorinated organic molecules to be suitable building blocks for biopolymers, from peptides and proteins up to entire organisms. Here, we conducted adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) experiments to introduce fluorine into living microorganisms. By cultivatingEscherichia coliwith fluorinated indole analogues, we successfully evolved microbial cells capable of utilizing either 6-fluoroindole or 7-fluoroindole for growth. Our improved ALE protocols enabled us to overcome previous challenges and achieve consistent and complete adaptation of microbial populations to these unnatural molecules. In the ALE experiments, we supplied fluoroindoles to auxotrophicE. colibacteria, exerting strong selective pressure that led to microbial adaptation and growth on monofluorinated indoles. Within the cells, these indoles were converted into corresponding amino acids (6- and 7-fluorotryptophan) and incorporated into the proteome at tryptophan sites. This study is a first step and establishes a strong foundation for further exploration of the mechanisms underlying fluorine-based life and how a formerly stressor (fluorinated indole) becomes a vital nutrient.Abstract Figure
Organization justice, knowledge sharing and employees' innovative behavior: evidence from the knowledge-intensive industry
Authors: Tran Pham Toan Khanh 
Published: September 2023

PurposeEncouraging employees to display innovative behavior at the workplace is the need of all enterprises in this competitive era of the modern business environment. The study aims to explore the mediating role of knowledge sharing in the relationship between organizational justice and innovative behavior among employees working in the information technology (IT) industry in Vietnam.Design/methodology/approachThe research model was tested on the data collected from 387 employees working in IT enterprises with AMOS 22 software.FindingsConfirmatory factor analysis implied a good model fit. The results show that knowledge sharing mediates the effects of organizational justice with three main forms distributive, procedural and interactional justice on innovative behavior.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study provide valuable evidence and implications for the executive of IT enterprise in boosting knowledge sharing, and innovative behaviors among the employees, in improving their perception of justice in the workplace. This is particularly important due to the significant role of knowledge sharing in organizational development.Originality/valueThis study pioneered the identification of the underlying mechanism of organization justice – innovative behavior nexus by highlighting knowledge sharing as a mediator. Moreover, this study takes a step beyond by suggesting a more complicated model that explored mediating two dimensions of knowledge sharing.
Financial capability and financial anxiety: comparison before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Xiao Jing Jian , Meng Kexin 
Published: September 2023

PurposeThis paper aims to examine and compare the associations between financial capability and financial anxiety (FA) before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Specifically, financial capability is measured by three indicators: financial knowledge, financial behavior and financial confidence. This study also examines and compares the association among different income groups before and during the pandemic.Design/methodology/approachData are from 2018 to 2021 National Financial Capability Study (NFCS). Structural equation modeling (SEM) is employed to examine the direct and indirect associations between financial capability factors and FA. Furthermore, this paper also conducts multi-group SEM for three income groups to examine the heterogeneous effects of household income.FindingsBoth before and during the pandemic, financial knowledge is directly positively and financial behavior is directly negatively associated with FA. In addition, both financial knowledge and financial behavior are positively associated with financial confidence, which in turn is negatively associated with FA. However, when taking the indirect effects into consideration, the total effects of financial capability factors on FA are all negative. Furthermore, the pandemic has intensified the negative association between financial behavior and FA rather than financial knowledge or financial confidence. Multi-group SEM shows that the positive direct effects of financial knowledge are only significant in the low-income group, while the negative direct effects of financial behavior are only significant in the low- and middle-income groups before the pandemic. However, direct effects of financial knowledge and financial behavior are significant in all income groups during the pandemic.Originality/valueFirst, this study specifies a construct, financial confidence, to proxy perceived financial capability. Second, it examines the mediating role of financial confidence in the association between the other two financial capability factors (financial knowledge and financial behaviors) and FA. Third, it also compares the associations between financial capability factors and FA before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.