bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Differential effects of ageing on the neural processing of speech and singing production
Authors: Moisseinen Nella , Särkämö Teppo , Kauramäki Jaakko , Kleber Boris , Sihvonen Aleksi J. , Martínez-Molina Noelia 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundUnderstanding healthy brain ageing has become vital as populations are ageing rapidly and age-related brain diseases are becoming more common. In normal brain ageing, speech processing undergoes functional reorganisation involving reductions of hemispheric asymmetry and overactivation in the prefrontal regions. However, little is known about how these changes generalise to other vocal production, such as singing, and how they are affected by associated cognitive demands.MethodsThe present cross-sectional fMRI study systematically maps the neural correlates of vocal production across adulthood (N=100, age 21–88 years) using a balanced 2x3 design where tasks varied in modality (speech: proverbs / singing: song phrases) and cognitive demand (repetition / completion from memory / improvisation).ResultsIn speech production, ageing was associated with decreased left pre- and postcentral activation across tasks and increased bilateral angular and right inferior temporal and fusiform activation in the improvisation task. In singing production, ageing was associated with increased activation in medial and bilateral prefrontal and parietal regions in the completion task, whereas other tasks showed no ageing effects. Direct comparisons between the modalities showed larger age-related activation changes in speech than singing across tasks, including a larger left-to-right shift in lateral prefrontal regions in the improvisation task.ConclusionThe present results suggest that the brains’ singing network undergoes differential functional reorganisation in normal ageing compared to the speech network, particularly during a task with high executive demand. These findings are relevant for understanding the effects of ageing on vocal production as well as how singing can support communication in healthy ageing and neurological rehabilitation.
Assessment of short-term effects of thoracic radiotherapy on the cardiovascular parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems
Authors: Wu Shuang , Guan Weizheng , Zhao Huan , Li Guangqiao , Zhou Yufu , Shi Bo , Zhang Xiaochun 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundPrior research suggests that cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction might be an early marker of cardiotoxicity induced by antitumor treatment and act as an early predictor of cardiovascular disease-related morbidity and mortality. The impact of thoracic radiotherapy on the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems, however, remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the short-term effects of thoracic radiotherapy on the autonomic nervous system, using deceleration capacity (DC), acceleration capacity (AC) of heart rate, and heart rate variability (HRV) as assessment tools.MethodsA 5 min electrocardiogram was collected from 58 thoracic cancer patients before and after thoracic radiotherapy for DC, AC, and HRV analysis. HRV parameters employed included the standard deviation of the normal-normal interval (SDNN), root mean square of successive interval differences (RMSSD), low frequency power (LF), high frequency power (HF), total power (TP), and the LF to HF ratio. Some patients also received systemic therapies alongside radiotherapy; thus, patients were subdivided into a radiotherapy-only group (28 cases) and a combined radiotherapy and systemic therapies group (30 cases) for additional subgroup analysis.ResultsThoracic radiotherapy resulted in a significant reduction in DC (8.5 [5.0, 14.2] vs. 5.3 [3.5, 9.4], p = 0.002) and HRV parameters SDNN (9.9 [7.03, 16.0] vs. 8.2 [6.0, 12.4], p = 0.003), RMSSD (9.9 [6.9, 17.5] vs. 7.7 [4.8, 14.3], p = 0.009), LF (29 [10, 135] vs. 24 [15, 50], p = 0.005), HF (35 [12, 101] vs. 16 [9, 46], p = 0.002), TP (74 [41, 273] vs. 50 [33, 118], p &lt; 0.001), and a significant increase in AC (−8.2 [−14.8, −4.9] vs. -5.8 [−10.1, −3.3], p = 0.003) and mean heart rate (79.8 ± 12.6 vs. 83.9 ± 13.6, p = 0.010). Subgroup analysis indicated similar trends in mean heart rate, DC, AC, and HRV parameters (SDNN, RMSSD, LF, HF, TP) in both the radiotherapy group and the combined treatment group post-radiotherapy. No statistically significant difference was noted in the changes observed in DC, AC, and HRV between the two groups pre- and post-radiotherapy.ConclusionThoracic radiotherapy may induce cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction by reducing parasympathetic activity and enhancing sympathetic activity. Importantly, the study found that the concurrent use of systemic therapies did not significantly amplify or contribute to the alterations in autonomic function in the short-term following thoracic radiotherapy. DC, AC and HRV are promising and feasible biomarkers for evaluating autonomic dysfunction caused by thoracic radiotherapy.
Right message, right medium, right time: powering counseling to improve maternal, infant, and young child nutrition in South Asia
Authors: Bhanot Arti , Sethi Vani , Murira Zivai , Singh Konsan Dinachandra , Ghosh Sebanti , Forissier Thomas 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionQuality counseling can positively impact maternal, infant and young child nutrition (MIYCN) behaviors linked to poor nutrition outcomes. Global guidance includes 93 recommendations on MIYCN counseling.MethodsA desk review and key informant interviews sought to assess compliance to the recommendations, reach and quality, systemic gaps and opportunities for MIYCN counseling in seven South Asian countries. Ninety-three (93) policies and guidelines, 180 counseling materials and over 50 documents were reviewed; 115 key informant interviews were conducted. Information synthesis captured eight domains. Data from national surveys were analyzed to determine MIYCN counseling reach, quality and association with nutrition behaviors.ResultsResults showed that national guidelines were inconsistent with global recommendations for seven thematic areas. Coverage of contacts points like antenatal and postnatal care (ANC, PNC) with potential to deliver MIYCN counseling was highly variable. Having at least four ANC contacts was significantly associated with consumption of 100+ iron folic acid tablets in all countries. Rates of early initiation of breastfeeding (18% Pakistan to 90% Sri Lanka) were lower than institutional delivery rates, except for Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. PNC contact within 48 h of birth was positively correlated with exclusive breastfeeding in India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka (OR 1.4, 3.1, 3.2). Health worker contacts and wealth status equally influenced child’s dietary diversity in India. MIYCN services were add-on roles for community-based workers, except in India. Supervision mechanisms exist but were not focused on quality of MIYCN services. Counseling resources were predominantly paper based (&gt;70%), had rural-focused messaging on diets and mainly targeted women. Platforms to engage men were largely missing. Health management information systems included indicators on maternal contact points in all countries but not for children. Assessing funding for MIYCN counseling was challenging as costs were subsumed across several budget line-items.DiscussionThe research findings can be used to (1) align country guidance with global recommendations, (2) review workforce responsibilities and capacity building with supervision, (3) assess the need for new counseling materials based on coverage of content, service providers and audience, (4) integrate MIYCN counseling indicators in information systems and (5) include MIYCN counseling services with activities and budget in country plans.
Effects of eyeshades in sleep quality and pain after surgery in school-age children with supracondylar humeral fractures
Authors: Wang Xiang-xuan , Lin Kai-nan , Xu Wen-chen , Chen Hui , Cai Hao-qi 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the effects of eye masks on the sleep quality and pain of children over 5 years old with humeral supracondylar fracture after surgery.MethodsFifty children with humeral supracondylar fracture who underwent closed reduction and percutaneous pinning (CRPP) in the Pediatric orthopaedic Department of a provincial hospital in China from February 2020 to December 2021 were selected. The children were randomly divided into the experimental group (n = 25) and the control group (n = 25). Children in the control group were given routine sleep care, and the children in the experimental group were given a sleep intervention with eye masks for three nights after surgery. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was used to evaluate the sleep quality of the children. The Children’s Pain Behaviour Scale was used to evaluate the pain of the children.ResultsAfter three nights of receiving the eye mask intervention, the children in the experimental group had significantly lower sleep quality scores than those in the control group; the difference was statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05), and the children in the experimental group had higher sleep quality. The experimental group’s pain scores were significantly lower than the control group’s, and the difference was statistically significant (p &lt; 0.05), and the children in the experimental group experienced less post-operative pain.ConclusionsEye masks are a simple, safe and economical intervention, that is beneficial for improving the sleep quality and reducing pain in children over 5 years old with humeral supracondylar fracture after closed reduction and percutaneous pinning. It can be used as a reference and basis for clinical pain relief and sleep quality after surgery for supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children.
Neonatal resuscitation workshop for trainees in standardized medical residency training—a pilot practice in Shenzhen, China
Authors: Xu Chenguang , Zhang Qianshen , Xue Yin , Yang Yuqian , Chen Yihua , Yan Wenjie , Cheung Po-Yin 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundNeonatal resuscitation is an important skillset for clinicians attending deliveries. Accredited neonatal resuscitation training is not obligatory in most training centers of standardized medical residency programs before 2022 in China. We investigated the feasibility and effectiveness of neonatal resuscitation simulation training (neo-RST) in residents in Shenzhen, China.MethodsFour two-day neo-RST workshops were conducted in the University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital and Shenzhen Health Capacity Building and Continuing Education Center in 2020–2021. The workshops had Neonatal Resuscitation Program (NRP)® update, skill stations and simulation practice with debriefing. Each participant had the integrated skill station assessment (ISSA) at the end of workshop. Participants of workshops included residents of different disciplines and health care providers (HCPs) of neonatal and obstetrical departments. We compared demographic characteristics, neonatal resuscitation knowledge before training, ISSA overall and categorical scores on skill sets between residents and HCPs.ResultsIn 2020–2021, 4 neo-RST workshops were conducted with 48 residents and 48 HCPs. The residents group had less working experience, less prior experience in neo-RST and lower neonatal resuscitation knowledge scores than those of HCPs group. After the workshop, residents had higher overall ISSA score than that of HCPs group (90.2 ± 5.9 vs. 86.3 ± 6.6%, P = 0.003, respectively). There was no significant difference in the numbers of participants scored &lt;80% in residents and HCPs group (3 [6.3%] vs. 7 [14.6%], respectively). Regarding the categorical scores, residents scored significantly higher in preparation, ventilation, crisis resource management and behavioral skills but lower in appropriate oxygen use, when compared with the HCPs.ConclusionNeo-RST for residents is feasible with promising short-term educational outcomes. Neo-RST could be implemented in standardized medical residency programs in China.
Bibliometric analysis and visualized study of research on autophagy in ischemic stroke
Authors: Chen Jiefang , Chen Gaijie , Xu Xiaojing , Chen Long , Zhang Jiewen , Liu Feng 
Published: September 2023

Aims: To summarize and clarify the current research status and indicate possible future directions in the field of autophagy in ischemic stroke, we performed a comprehensive and multidimensional bibliometric analysis of the literature in this field published from 2011 to 2022.Methods: We retrieved articles on the field of autophagy in ischemic stroke published between 2011 and 2022 from Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC). VOSviewer (version 1.6.19) and CiteSpace (version 6.2.R2 Basic) were used to identify the leading topics as well as generate visual maps of Countries/regions, organizations, authors, journals, and keyword networks in the related field.Results: A total of 568 publications were contained in this research. The journal with the most publications were Front Pharmacol, Mol Neurobiol, and Neuroscience. China was the most productive country with respect to co-authorship, with the Capital Med Univ being the organization with the most. co-authorships. In terms of authorship analysis, eight of the top 10 most contributive authors were from China. The co-occurring author keywords can be divided into three main clusters, including “protective effect of autophagy in ischemic stroke,” “autophagy-targeted therapy for ischemic stroke,” and “mitochondrial function in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury”.Conclusion: This bibliometric analysis helps us reveal the current research hotspots in the research field of autophagy in ischemic stroke and guide future research directions. Subsequent trends in this special field are likely to identify and develop novel autophagy-targeted therapy strategies to effectively prevent and treat ischemic stroke.
Causality of particulate matter on cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular biomarkers
Authors: Wang Qiubo , Wang Zhimiao , Chen Mingyou , Mu Wei , Xu Zhenxing , Xue Mei 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundPrevious observational studies have shown that the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is related to particulate matter (PM). However, given the methodological limitations of conventional observational research, it is difficult to identify causality conclusively. To explore the causality of PM on CVDs and cardiovascular biomarkers, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.MethodIn this study, we obtained summary-level data for CVDs and cardiovascular biomarkers including atrial fibrillation (AF), heart failure (HF), myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic stroke (IS), stroke subtypes, body mass index (BMI), lipid traits, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and blood pressure from several large genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Then we used two-sample MR to assess the causality of PM on CVDs and cardiovascular biomarkers, 16 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for PM2.5 and 6 SNPs for PM10 were obtained from UK Biobank participants. Inverse variance weighting (IVW) analyses under the fixed effects model were used as the main analytical method to calculate MR Estimates, followed by multiple sensitivity analyses to confirm the robustness of the results.ResultsOur study revealed increases in PM2.5 concentration were significantly related to a higher risk of MI (odds ratio (OR), 2.578; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.611–4.127; p = 7.920 × 10−5). Suggestive evidence was found between PM10 concentration and HF (OR, 2.015; 95% CI, 1.082–3.753; p = 0.027) and IS (OR, 2.279; 95% CI,1.099–4.723; p = 0.027). There was no evidence for an effect of PM concentration on other CVDs. Furthermore, PM2.5 concentration increases were significantly associated with increases in triglyceride (TG) (OR, 1.426; 95% CI, 1.133–1.795; p = 2.469 × 10−3) and decreases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR, 0.779; 95% CI, 0.615–0.986; p = 0.038). The PM10 concentration increases were also closely related to the decreases in HDL-C (OR, 0.563; 95% CI, 0.366–0.865; p = 8.756 × 10−3). We observed no causal effect of PM on other cardiovascular biomarkers.ConclusionAt the genetic level, our study suggested the causality of PM2.5 on MI, TG, as well HDL-C, and revealed the causality of PM10 on HF, IS, and HDL-C. Our findings indicated the need for continued improvements in air pollution abatement for CVDs prevention.
The role of intergenerational support in shaping oral healthcare-seeking behavior among older adults in China
Authors: Wen Cai , Zhang Qing 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundThis study aimed to explore how intergenerational support affects the oral healthcare or treatment-seeking behaviors of older Chinese adults and provide evidence for improving the oral health of the older adults in an aging society.MethodsData from a cross-sectional survey, the 2015 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study, were used to explore the relationship between oral healthcare-seeking behavior in older adults and various independent variables, such as marital status, number of children, offspring’s education duration, parent–offspring interaction frequency, and financial/material support provided by children. The chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used.ResultsAccording to the results of data analysis, age, sex, marital status, cohabitation status, number of children, children’s education level, and financial support from children affected older adults’ oral healthcare-seeking behavior. Interviewees living with a partner and those who had 1–2 or 3–4 children showed different likelihoods of seeking oral healthcare. Moreover, interviewees whose children had higher education duration and those who received more financial/material support from their children were more likely to seek dental treatment.ConclusionRegarding the study’s outcome, financial and emotional support, as well as practical assistance from family members can significantly promote oral health-seeking behavior among older adult people. Intergenerational support can serve as a crucial mechanism for promoting oral health behaviors among the older adults or act as a valuable complement to social medical assistance, warranting increased attention.
Synergetic effect of combining PEF treatments with sublethal doses of SO2 on the inactivation of Saccharomyces bayanus and Brettanomyces bruxellensis in red wine
Authors: Delso Carlota , Berzosa Alejandro , Sanz Jorge , Álvarez Ignacio , Raso Javier 
Published: September 2023

Certain microorganisms are capable of proliferating in wine despite its low pH and high ethanol content. The yeasts of the Saccharomyces genus responsible for alcoholic fermentation can alter wines with residual sugars; the proliferation of Brettanomyces bruxellensis brings about thoroughly unpleasant sensory changes. The main strategy currently applied in wineries for microbial control is the addition of sulfites (SO2). However, sulfites are being researched due to the symptoms they can cause in allergic individuals. Pulsed electric field (PEF) technology has the capability of inactivating vegetative cells of microorganisms at non-lethal temperatures and could thus prove to be an alternative to SO2. In this study, the resistance of Saccharomyces bayanus and B. bruxellensis suspended in wine to a series of different PEF treatments (10–25 kV/cm; 25–1000 µs; 40–170 kJ/kg) combined with sublethal concentrations of SO2 (10, 25, and 50 ppm) was evaluated. The results showed that even the least intense PEF treatments (10 kV/cm; 115 kJ/kg) inactivated more than 4.0 Log10 cycles in both types of yeasts immediately after treatment. The subsequent incubation of the treated yeasts for 24 h in wine managed to increase inactivation by 3.0 Log10 cycles. The combination of a moderate PEF treatment with sublethal doses of SO2 had a synergistic lethal effect on the two yeasts under study after 24 h of incubation in wine, leading to counts lying below the detection limit (&gt;5.0 Log10 cycles). This synergistic effect was attributed to the existence of a portion of the population that had been sublethally damaged by PEF and in which SO2 could more easily penetrate the cytoplasm. These results demonstrate the capacity of PEF technology for microbial control of spoilage yeasts in wine. PEF could thus represent an alternative with the potential of eliminating or reducing SO2 levels in the winemaking process.
Impacts of F18+ Escherichia coli on Intestinal Health of Nursery Pigs and Dietary Interventions
Authors: Duarte Marcos Elias , Garavito-Duarte Yesid , Kim Sung Woo 
Published: September 2023

This review focused on the impact of F18+ E. coli on pig production and explored nutritional interventions to mitigate its deleterious effects. F18+ E. coli is a primary cause of PWD in nursery pigs, resulting in substantial economic losses through diminished feed efficiency, morbidity, and mortality. In summary, the F18+ E. coli induces intestinal inflammation with elevated IL6 (60%), IL8 (43%), and TNF-α (28%), disrupting the microbiota and resulting in 14% villus height reduction. Besides the mortality, the compromised intestinal health results in a 20% G:F decrease and a 10% ADFI reduction, ultimately culminating in a 28% ADG decrease. Among nutritional interventions to counter F18+ E. coli impacts, zinc glycinate lowered TNF-α (26%) and protein carbonyl (45%) in jejunal mucosa, resulting in a 39% ADG increase. Lactic acid bacteria reduced TNF-α (36%), increasing 51% ADG, whereas Bacillus spp. reduced IL6 (27%), increasing BW (12%). Lactobacillus postbiotic increased BW (14%) and the diversity of beneficial bacteria. Phytobiotics reduced TNF-α (23%) and IL6 (21%), enhancing feed efficiency (37%). Additional interventions, including low crude protein formulation, antibacterial minerals, prebiotics, and organic acids, can be effectively used to combat F18+ E. coli infection. These findings collectively underscore a range of effective strategies for managing the challenges posed by F18+ E. coli in pig production.
A Novel Bi-Dual Inference Approach for Detecting Six-Element Emotions
Authors: Huang Xiaoping , Zhou Yujian , Du Yajun 
Published: September 2023

In recent years, there has been rapid development in machine learning for solving artificial intelligence tasks in various fields, including translation, speech, and image processing. These AI tasks are often interconnected rather than independent. One specific type of relationship is known as structural duality, which exists between multiple pairs of artificial intelligence tasks. The concept of dual learning has gained significant attention in the fields of machine learning, computer vision, and natural language processing. Dual learning involves using primitive tasks (mapping from domains X to Y) and dual tasks (mapping from domains Y to X) to enhance the performance of both tasks. In this study, we propose a general framework called Bi-Dual Inference by combining the principles of dual inference and dual learning. Our framework generates multiple dual models and a primal model by utilizing two dual tasks: sentiment analysis of input text and sentence generation of sentiment labels. We create these model pairs (primal model f, dual model g) by employing different initialization seeds and data access sequences. Each primal and dual model is considered as a distinct LSTM model. By reasoning about a single task with multiple similar models in the same direction, our framework achieves improved classification results. To validate the effectiveness of our proposed model, we conduct experiments on two datasets, namely NLPCC2013 and NLPCC2014. The results demonstrate that our model outperforms the optimal baseline model in terms of the F1 score, achieving an improvement of approximately 5%. Additionally, we provide parameter values for our proposed model, including model iteration analysis, α parameter analysis, λ parameter analysis, batch size analysis, training sentence length analysis, and hidden layer size setting. These experimental results further confirm the effectiveness of our proposed model.