bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A supervised diagnostic experiment of resistance variable multifault locations in a mine ventilation system
Authors: Wang Dong , Liu Jian , Lijun Deng , Honglin Wang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe diagnosis of resistance variable multifault location (RVMFL) in a mine ventilation system is an essential function of the mine intelligent ventilation system, which is of great significance to mine-safe production. In this paper, a supervised machine learning model based on a decision tree (DT), multilayer perceptron (MLP), and ranking support vector machine (Rank-SVM) is proposed for RVMFL diagnosis in a mine ventilation system. The feasibility of the method and the predictive performance and generalization ability of the model were verified using a tenfold cross-validation of a multifault sample set of a 10-branch T-shaped angle-joint ventilation network and a 54-branch experimental ventilation network. The reliability of the model was further verified by diagnosing the RVMFL of the experimental ventilation system. The results show that the three models, DT, MLP, and Rank-SVM, can be used for the diagnosis of RVMFL in mine ventilation systems, and the prediction performance and generalization ability of the MLP and DT models perform better than the Rank-SVM model. In the diagnosis of multifault locations of the experimental ventilation system, the diagnostic accuracy of the MLP model reached 100% and that of the DT model was 44.44%. The results confirm the MLP model outperforms the three models and can meet engineering needs.
Immunization of broiler chickens with five newly identified surface-exposed proteins unique to Clostridium perfringens causing necrotic enteritis
Authors: Heidarpanah Sara , Thibodeau Alexandre , Parreira Valeria R. , Quessy Sylvain , Segura Mariela , Meniaï Ilhem , Gottschalk Marcelo , Gaudreau Annie , Juette Tristan , Gaucher Marie-Lou 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSince the ban or reduction on the use of antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) in commercial broiler chickens in many countries, avian necrotic enteritis (NE) caused by Clostridium perfringens has re-emerged as one of the biggest threats for the poultry industry worldwide. While the toolbox for controlling NE in the absence of antibiotics consists of a limited number of alternatives for which the overall effectiveness has yet proven to be suboptimal, an effective vaccine would represent the best control strategy for this often-deadly disease. Using a comparative and subtractive reverse vaccinology approach, we previously identified 14 putative antigenic proteins unique to NE-causing strains of C. perfringens. In the current work, the in silico findings were confirmed by PCR and sequencing, and five vaccine candidate proteins were produced and purified subsequently. Among them, two candidates were hypothetical proteins, two candidates were prepilin proteins which are predicted to form the subunits of a pilus structure, and one candidate was a non-heme iron protein. Western blotting and ELISA results showed that immunization of broiler chickens with five of these proteins raised antibodies which can specifically recognize both the recombinant and native forms of the protein in pathogenic C. perfringens.
Optical imaging of the small intestine immune compartment across scales
Authors: Planchette Arielle Louise , Schmidt Cédric , Burri Olivier , Gomez de Agüero Mercedes , Radenovic Aleksandra , Mylonas Alessio , Extermann Jérôme 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe limitations of 2D microscopy constrain our ability to observe and understand tissue-wide networks that are, by nature, 3-dimensional. Optical projection tomography (OPT) enables the acquisition of large volumes (ranging from micrometres to centimetres) in various tissues. We present a multi-modal workflow for the characterization of both structural and quantitative parameters of the mouse small intestine. As proof of principle, we evidence its applicability for imaging the mouse intestinal immune compartment and surrounding mucosal structures. We quantify the volumetric size and spatial distribution of Isolated Lymphoid Follicles (ILFs) and quantify the density of villi throughout centimetre-long segments of intestine. Furthermore, we exhibit the age and microbiota dependence for ILF development, and leverage a technique that we call reverse-OPT for identifying and homing in on regions of interest. Several quantification capabilities are displayed, including villous density in the autofluorescent channel and the size and spatial distribution of the signal of interest at millimetre-scale volumes. The concatenation of 3D imaging with reverse-OPT and high-resolution 2D imaging allows accurate localisation of ROIs and adds value to interpretations made in 3D. Importantly, OPT may be used to identify sparsely-distributed regions of interest in large volumes whilst retaining compatibility with high-resolution microscopy modalities, including confocal microscopy. We believe this pipeline to be approachable for a wide-range of specialties, and to provide a new method for characterisation of the mouse intestinal immune compartment.
Deep genomic characterization highlights complexities and prognostic markers of pediatric acute myeloid leukemia
Authors: Cheng Chi-Keung , Yung Yuk-Lin , Chan Hoi-Yun , Leung Kam-Tong , Chan Kathy Y. Y. , Leung Alex W. K. , Cheng Frankie W. T. , Li Chi-Kong , Wan Thomas S. K. , Luo Xi , Pitts Herbert-Augustus , Cheung Joyce S. , Chan Natalie P. H. , Ng Margaret H. L. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an uncommon but aggressive hematological malignancy. The poor outcome is attributed to inadequate prognostic classification and limited treatment options. A thorough understanding on the genetic basis of pediatric AML is important for the development of effective approaches to improve outcomes. Here, by comprehensively profiling fusion genes as well as mutations and copy number changes of 141 myeloid-related genes in 147 pediatric AML patients with subsequent variant functional characterization, we unveil complex mutational patterns of biological relevance and disease mechanisms includingMYCderegulation. Also, our findings highlightTP53alterations as strong adverse prognostic markers in pediatric AML and suggest the core spindle checkpoint kinase BUB1B as a selective dependency in this aggressive subgroup. Collectively, our present study provides detailed genomic characterization revealing not only complexities and mechanistic insights into pediatric AML but also significant risk stratification and therapeutic strategies to tackle the disease.
Motility-induced phase separation is reentrant
Authors: Su Jie , Feng Mengkai , Du Yunfei , Jiang Huijun , Hou Zhonghuai 
Published: March 2023

AbstractActive Brownian particles (ABPs) with pure repulsion is an ideal model to understand the effect of nonequilibrium on collective behaviors. It has long been established that activity can create effective attractions leading to motility-induced phase separation (MIPS), whose role is similar to that of (inverse) temperature in the simplest equilibrium system with attractive inter-particle interactions. Here, we report that activity can lead to a counterintuitive reentrant MIPS, which is completely different from the phase behavior of equilibrium systems, shown by both simulations and theory. Our theoretical analysis based on a kinetic theory of MIPS shows that an additional term of activity-induced nonequilibrium vaporization is able to hinder the formation of dense phase when activity is large enough. Such effect along with the activity-induced effective attraction thus lead to the MIPS reentrance. Numerical simulations verify this nonequilibrium effect induced solely by activity on phase behaviors of ABPs, and further demonstrate the dependence of MIPS on activity and the strength of inter-particle interaction predicted by our theoretical analysis. Our findings highlight the particular role played by the nonequilibrium nature of activity on phase behaviors of active systems, which may inspire deep insights into the essential difference between equilibrium and nonequilibrium systems.
Emergence of synchronised rotations in dense active matter with disorder
Authors: Vahabli Danial , Vicsek Tamas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAligning active units ranging from bacteria through animals to drones often are subject to moving in a random environment; however, its influence on the emerging flows is still far from fully explored. For obtaining further insight, we consider a simple model of active particles moving in the presence of randomly distributed obstacles, representing quenched noise in two dimensions. Here we show that our model leads to rich behaviours that are less straightforwardly accessible by experiments or analytic calculations but are likely to be inherent to the underlying kinetics. We find a series of symmetry-breaking states despite the applied disorder being isotropic. For increasing obstacle densities, the system changes its collective motion patterns from (i) directed flow (ii) through a mixed state of locally directed or locally rotating flow to (iii) a globally synchronised rotating state, thereby the system violating overall chiral symmetry. Phase (iii) crosses over to a state (iv) in which clusters of locally synchronised rotations are observed. We find that if both present, quenched rather than shot noise dominates the behaviours, a feature to be considered in future related works.
An agroecological structure model of compost—soil—plant interactions for sustainable organic farming
Authors: Miyamoto Hirokuni , Shigeta Katsumi , Suda Wataru , Ichihashi Yasunori , Nihei Naoto , Matsuura Makiko , Tsuboi Arisa , Tominaga Naoki , Aono Masahiko , Sato Muneo , Taguchi Shunya , Nakaguma Teruno , Tsuji Naoko , Ishii Chitose , Matsushita Teruo , Shindo Chie , Ito Toshiaki , Kato Tamotsu , Kurotani Atsushi , Shima Hideaki , Moriya Shigeharu , Wada Satoshi , Horiuchi Sankichi , Satoh Takashi , Mori Kenichi , Nishiuchi Takumi , Miyamoto Hisashi , Kodama Hiroaki , Hattori Masahira , Ohno Hiroshi , Kikuchi Jun , Hirai Masami Yokota 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Compost is used worldwide as a soil conditioner for crops, but its functions have still been explored. Here, the omics profiles of carrots were investigated, as a root vegetable plant model, in a field amended with compost fermented with thermophilic Bacillaceae for growth and quality indices. Exposure to compost significantly increased the productivity, antioxidant activity, color, and taste of the carrot root and altered the soil bacterial composition with the levels of characteristic metabolites of the leaf, root, and soil. Based on the data, structural equation modeling (SEM) estimated that amino acids, antioxidant activity, flavonoids and/or carotenoids in plants were optimally linked by exposure to compost. The SEM of the soil estimated that the genus Paenibacillus and nitrogen compounds were optimally involved during exposure. These estimates did not show a contradiction between the whole genomic analysis of compost-derived Paenibacillus isolates and the bioactivity data, inferring the presence of a complex cascade of plant growth-promoting effects and modulation of the nitrogen cycle by the compost itself. These observations have provided information on the qualitative indicators of compost in complex soil-plant interactions and offer a new perspective for chemically independent sustainable agriculture through the efficient use of natural nitrogen.
Item Response Theory Modeling of the Verb Naming Test
Authors: Fergadiotis Gerasimos , Casilio Marianne , Dickey Michael Walsh , Steel Stacey , Nicholson Hannele , Fleegle Mikala , Swiderski Alexander , Hula William D. 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
Item response theory (IRT) is a modern psychometric framework with several advantageous properties as compared with classical test theory. IRT has been successfully used to model performance on anomia tests in individuals with aphasia; however, all efforts to date have focused on noun production accuracy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the Verb Naming Test (VNT), a prominent test of action naming, can be successfully modeled under IRT and evaluate its reliability.

Method:

We used responses on the VNT from 107 individuals with chronic aphasia from AphasiaBank. Unidimensionality and local independence, two assumptions prerequisite to IRT modeling, were evaluated using factor analysis and Yen's
Q
3
statistic (Yen, 1984), respectively. The assumption of equal discrimination among test items was evaluated statistically via nested model comparisons and practically by using correlations of resulting IRT-derived scores. Finally, internal consistency, marginal and empirical reliability, and conditional reliability were evaluated.

Results:
The VNT was found to be sufficiently unidimensional with the majority of item pairs demonstrating adequate local independence. An IRT model in which item discriminations are constrained to be equal demonstrated fit equivalent to a model in which unique discrimination parameters were estimated for each item. All forms of reliability were strong across the majority of IRT ability estimates.

Conclusions:
Modeling the VNT using IRT is feasible, yielding ability estimates that are both informative and reliable. Future efforts are needed to quantify the validity of the VNT under IRT and determine the extent to which it measures the same construct as other anomia tests.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.22329235
Knowledge and Practice of Handwashing by School Students in Kamrup Metropolitan, Assam, India: A Cross Sectional Survey
Authors: Sharma Pawan , Aggarwal Tanya , Kalita Manoj , Kumar Arvind , Mukherjee Anupam , Chaubey Daulat Kumar 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to understand the level of handwashing knowledge, and handwashing practices as well as to determine the availability of handwashing facilities in the schools.
Materials and Methods A survey was conducted on 17th October 2019 to determine the availability of handwashing facilities along with the level of handwashing knowledge and practices among school students of Borsojai High School situated in Kamrup Metropolitan City, Guwahati, Assam. The study population consisted of randomly selected students of 9th and 10th classes during the academic year 2019 to 2020. The quantitative data were analysed using the IBM-SPSS, version 20.0.
Result Fifty-six school students from classes 9 to 10th of mean age 15.53 years participated in the current study. It is evident that school-aged students have sufficient knowledge of handwashing, and they widely recognise the importance of handwashing (94.6%) to prevent diseases (39.3%) and to remove germs (48.2%).
Conclusion To encourage hand hygiene in school students, parents can also be sensitised through the parents teacher meeting. This will improve the health and reduce the absenteeism from school due to infectious diseases.
Homoeopathic Treatment of Submandibular Sialolithiasis with Baryta iodatum: A Case Report
Authors: Kundu Chittaranjan , Ahmed Zeeshan , Barman Jaharlal 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction Sialolithiasis is the most common cause of salivary gland swelling affecting mostly the parotid, submandibular and sublingual salivary glands in which submandibular gland is most commonly affected. Only a few documented cases with non-surgical management are available on literature search, as surgery is considered to be the mainstay for this clinical condition.
Case Summary A 25-year-old male patient presented with the symptoms of pain and swelling under the right side of the tongue for the past 15 days. The case was diagnosed by X-ray floor of mouth and ultrasonography neck as right submandibular sialolithiasis. His doctor advised him for surgery but he instead preferred to go for homoeopathic treatment. After constructing the totality and repertorisation, homoeopathic medicine Baryta iodatum was prescribed in centesimal potency which resulted in the expulsion of the stone with the improvement in the associated symptoms.The causal attribution between the homoeopathic intervention and outcome of treatment was assessed by Modified Naranjo Criteria for Homeopathy score recorded at the final visit suggestive of a high likelihood that the improvement in the patient may be attributed to the homoeopathic treatment provided.
Conclusion This clinical case report is presented here to show the positive effect of individualised homoeopathic treatment in right submandibular sialolithiasis.
Patient Satisfaction Survey for the Telemedicine Services during the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Homoeopathic Research Institutes of West Bengal
Authors: Bhattacharjee Baidurjya , Pal Partha Pratim , Purkait Rajib , Chakraborty Partha Sarathi , Choubey Gurudev 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background Telemedicine was relevant mostly for providing healthcare facilities in rural and distant areas before the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In India, telemedicine was not ethically and legally recognized until the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. In March and April 2020, the councils of different systems of medicine published the ethical guidelines for practicing telemedicine. The mitigation measures and fear of infection resulted in increased availing of the facility by the patients especially those who were already under treatment for chronic diseases. The satisfaction of patients availing of telemedicine is essential for improvising such a method of treatment.
Method A multicentric cross-sectional study was conducted at two homoeopathic research institutes in West Bengal, India. The patients attending the outpatient department of those institutes were offered to avail telemedicine facilities during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic from April to June 2021. The satisfaction of the patient was measured by conducting a telephonic interview, measured on a predefined questionnaire. The calculated sample size was 305 considering the attrition rate of 10%. The sample was selected randomly from the pool of patients who availed of telemedicine during the second wave.
Result In this study, initially 305 patients were contacted for evaluating the satisfaction level of their telehealth consultation, out of which 255 patients consented to participate. The mean score of the overall satisfaction of the patients with the telemedicine session was 7.93 ± 1.51(M ± standard deviation). One sample t-test was conducted for responses to every individual question and was significant (p < 0.001). The subgroup analysis shows that overall satisfaction was significantly different between the two institutes (p = 0.03), but other questions did not show any significant difference.
Conclusion The survey conducted shows high satisfaction among patients availing the telemedicine facilities at the two homoeopathic research institutes.
A Case of Chronic Venous Ulcer Managed with Homoeopathy
Authors: Dixit Ashish Kumar , Giri Nibha 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA 57-year-old male farmer reported a painful shallow burning ulcer with serosanguinous discharge for 1 year on the lateral malleolus of his right lower limb. In addition, he also had eczema and oedema in the affected limb. On examination, the ulcer was 7 to 8 cm (approximately), with an irregular margin, red and yellow floor; warm, firm, hyperpigmented and non-tender with varicose veins in the surrounding areas. The patient was thermally hot and his main complaints increased at night and subsided with cold application. Based on the complaints presented and the clinical appearance, a diagnosis of a chronic venous ulcer was made. The surgeon had advised surgery. A painful varicose ulcer in the lower extremities that alleviated with cold application and the patient's thermal reaction led to repertorisation of the case and the final selection of Fluoric acid 200 in consultation with the Materia Medica. Medicine was prescribed once a week, thrice a day with the placebo, and this continued for 4 months. Fluoric acid was discontinued after 4 months and the placebo only continued for the next 2 months. After 6 months of regular treatment, the ulcer had healed and the swelling also reduced significantly. The patient was also advised to practice good hygiene, avoid standing for long periods of time, elevate the legs when at rest etc.
Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy: Single-Center Retrospective Study
Authors: Çelik Tamer , Başpınar Hüseyin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractJuvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is one of the most common idiopathic (genetic) generalized epilepsy syndromes. It occurs in healthy adolescents and is characterized by the triad of myoclonic jerks, generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCs), and absence seizures. The study's primary aim was to determine the demographic and clinical characteristics, family history of seizure, electroencephalogram findings, treatments, and short-term prognosis of patients diagnosed with JME. Patients diagnosed with JME at the Pediatric Neurology Department of Sağlık Bilimleri University Adana Numune Training and Research Hospitals were enrolled. Thirteen (30%) of 44 patients were male, whereas 31 (70%) were female, with a mean age at diagnosis of 14 ± 1.3 years. In total, 21 patients (48%) had a family history of epilepsy, and 14 patients (32%) had JME in their families. Those having a family history of JME seizures were identified at a younger age. Thirty (68%) patients presented with GTCs, while 14 (32%) presented with myoclonic seizures at the time of diagnosis. In the history, 98% of patients had myoclonus and one patient had an absence seizure. Patients with the first seizure type GTCs were diagnosed later, while patients with myoclonus were diagnosed earlier (p < 0,05). The most precipitating factors for seizures were sleep deprivation and stress. Thirty-eight (86%) of the EEGs recorded during the initial admission was abnormal. Valproic acid was administered to 32 patients (73%), while levetiracetam was administered to 12 patients (27%) as the initial treatment. Forty-one (93%) of the patients exhibited a complete response to the initial medication therapy, while forty (91%) of the patients received monotherapy, and only four (9%) received polytherapy. JME may be well-controlled epilepsy with early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. A family history of JME is also common among patients with JME. Patients with the myoclonus as a first seizure type are diagnosed earlier than GTCs because of family awareness. A family history of JME may facilitate the diagnosis of new cases in the family.