bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Outcomes of Menstrual Management Use in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Adolescents
Authors: Schwartz Beth I. , Bear Benjamin , Short Vanessa L. , Kazak Anne E. 
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To describe and compare the outcomes of various menstrual-management methods, including method choice, continuation, bleeding patterns, amenorrhea rates, effect on moods and dysphoria, and side effects, in transgender and gender-diverse adolescents.

METHODS:
This was a retrospective chart review of all patients seen in a multidisciplinary pediatric gender program from March 2015 to December 2020 who were assigned female at birth, had achieved menarche, and used a menstrual-management method during the study period. Data were abstracted on patient demographics and menstrual-management method continuation, bleeding patterns, side effects, and satisfaction at 3 months (T1) and 1 year (T2). Outcomes were compared between method subgroups.

RESULTS:
Among the 101 included patients, 90% chose either oral norethindrone acetate or a 52-mg levonorgestrel (LNG) intrauterine device (IUD). There were no differences in continuation rates for these methods at either follow-up time. Almost all patients had improved bleeding at T2 (96% for norethindrone acetate and 100% for IUD users), with no difference between subgroups. Amenorrhea rates were 84% for norethindrone acetate and 67% for IUD at T1 and 97% and 89%, respectively, at T2, with no differences at either point. The majority of patients had improved pain, menstrually related moods, and menstrually related dysphoria at both follow-up points. There were no differences in side effects between subgroups. There were no differences in method satisfaction between the groups at T2.

CONCLUSION:
Most patients chose norethindrone acetate or an LNG IUD for menstrual management. Continuation, amenorrhea, and improved bleeding, pain, and menstrually related moods and dysphoria were high for all patients, indicating that menstrual management is a viable intervention for gender-diverse patients who experience increased dysphoria related to menses.
Association Between Antenatal Depression Symptom Trajectories and Preterm Birth
Authors: Sakowicz Allie , Allen Emma , Alvarado-Goldberg Mayán , Grobman William A. , Miller Emily S. 
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate whether, among pregnant people referred for mental health care, improvement in antenatal depression symptoms before delivery was associated with a reduction in preterm birth.

METHODS:
This retrospective cohort study included all pregnant people referred to a perinatal collaborative care program for mental health care who delivered between March 2016 and March 2021. Those referred to the collaborative care program had access to subspecialty mental health treatment, including psychiatric consultation, psychopharmacotherapy, and psychotherapy. Depression symptoms were monitored with the self-reported PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnarie-9) screens in a patient registry. Antenatal depression trajectories were determined by comparing the earliest prenatal PHQ-9 score after collaborative care referral with the score closest to delivery. Trajectories were categorized as improved, stable, or worsened according to whether PHQ-9 scores changed by at least 5 points. Bivariable analyses were performed. A propensity score was generated to control for confounders that were significantly different on bivariable analyses according to trajectories. This propensity score was then included in multivariable models.

RESULTS:
Of the 732 pregnant people included, 523 (71.4%) had mild or more severe depressive symptoms (PHQ-9 score 5 or higher) on their initial screen. Antenatal depression symptoms improved in 256 (35.0%), remained stable in 437 (59.7%), and worsened in 39 (5.3%); the corresponding incidence of preterm birth was 12.5%, 14.0%, and 30.8%, respectively (P=.009). Compared with those with a worsened trajectory, pregnant people who had an improved antenatal depression symptom trajectory had a significantly decreased odds of preterm birth (adjusted odds ratio 0.37, 95% CI 0.15–0.89).

CONCLUSION:
Compared with worsened symptoms, an improved antenatal depression symptom trajectory is associated with decreased odds of preterm birth for pregnant people referred for mental health care. These data further underscore the public health importance of incorporating mental health care into routine obstetric care.
Patient-Derived Tumor Organoids Can Predict the Progression-Free Survival of Patients With Stage IV Colorectal Cancer After Surgery
Authors: Wang Ting , Tang Yuting , Pan Wenjun , Yan Botao , Hao Yifan , Zeng Yunli , Chen Zexin , Lan Jianqiang , Zhao Shuhan , Deng Chuxia , Zheng Hang , Yan Jun 
Published: March 2023

BACKGROUND:
Recent studies have shown patient-derived tumor organoids can predict the drug response of patients with cancer. However, the prognostic value of patient-derived tumor organoid–based drug tests in predicting the progression-free survival of patients with stage IV colorectal cancer after surgery remains unknown.

OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to explore the prognostic value of patient-derived tumor organoid–based drug tests in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer after surgery.

DESIGN:
Retrospective cohort study.

SETTINGS:
Surgical samples were obtained from patients with stage IV colorectal cancer at the Nanfang Hospital.

PATIENTS:
A total of 108 patients who underwent surgery with successful patient-derived tumor organoid culture and drug testing were recruited between June 2018 and June 2019.

INTERVENTIONS:
Patient-derived tumor organoid culture and chemotherapeutic drug testing.

MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES:
Progression-free survival.

RESULTS:
According to the patient-derived tumor organoid-based drug test, 38 patients were drug sensitive and 76 patients were drug resistant. The median progression-free survival was 16.0 months in the drug-sensitive group and 9.0 months in the drug resistant group (p < 0.001). Multivariate analyses showed that drug resistance (HR, 3.38; 95% CI, 1.84–6.21; p < 0.001), right-sided colon (HR, 3.50; 95% CI, 1.71–7.15; p < 0.001), mucinous adenocarcinoma (HR, 2.47; 95% CI, 1.34–4.55; p = 0.004), and non-R0 resection (HR, 2.70; 95% CI, 1.61–4.54; p < 0.001) were independent predictors of progression-free survival. The new patient-derived tumor organoid–based drug test model, which includes the patient-derived tumor organoid–based drug test, primary tumor location, histological type, and R0 resection, was more accurate than the traditional clinicopathological model in predicting progression-free survival (p = 0.001).

LIMITATIONS:
A single-center cohort study.

CONCLUSIONS:
Patient-derived tumor organoids can predict progression-free survival in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer after surgery. Patient-derived tumor organoid drug resistance is associated with shorter progression-free survival, and the addition of patient-derived tumor organoid drug tests to existing clinicopathological models improves the ability to predict progression-free survival.
Postabdominoplasty Scar Improvement after a Single Session with an Automated 1210-nm Laser
Authors: Palao Ricard , Gallego-Escuredo Jose Miguel , Bohbot Serge 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Abdominoplasty, one of the most commonly performed aesthetic procedures, aims at correcting excess abdominal skin and fat, but generates a long abdominal scar. The efficacy of an automated portative 1210-nm laser in improving the appearance of surgical scars has been previously demonstrated in a double-blind randomized controlled trial. The purpose of this work was to document the use of this laser in real-life practice.

Methods:
Eighteen patients undergoing abdominoplasty and treated with the evaluated laser (UrgoTouch, Laboratoires Urgo; one single session immediately after the surgery) were included in this prospective, mono-center, observational study. Change in scar characteristics was assessed using the validated Observer Scar Assessment Scale, and the patients’ and surgeon’s satisfaction was rated using a four-point scale.

Results:
The aesthetic outcome of the scars was very positive with a mean Observer Scar Assessment Scale score of 17.0 (SD 4.6) and 14.4 (SD 3.8) on the 6–60 point scale (60: the worst possible outcome) at 6 and 12 months, respectively. A high degree of satisfaction was also expressed by both surgeon and patients at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months. No laser-related incident was reported during the study, including in patients with darker phototypes.

Conclusions:
These findings seem to be consistent with previous clinical evidence on the use of this laser on fresh incisions. The high degree of satisfaction reported by both surgeon and patients seems to comfort the benefits of this procedure at short- and long-term and support the use of this laser in daily practice of plastic surgery.
Out-of-scope Cosmetic Surgery: A Review of Malpractice Lawsuits against Nonplastic Surgeons
Authors: Moura Steven P. , Shaffrey Ellen C. , Lam Chloe S. , Wirth Peter J. , Attaluri Pradeep K. , Rao Venkat K. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The increasing patient demand for cosmetic surgeries and minimally invasive procedures has encouraged physicians without aesthetic surgery training accredited by the American Board of Medical Specialties to provide these services. This systematic review aims to determine the rate of out-of-scope practice in medical malpractice lawsuits involving cosmetic surgery or minimally invasive procedures performed by nonplastic surgeons.

Methods:
Our systematic review of the Westlaw legal database from 1979 to 2022 included 64 malpractice cases. Inclusion criteria were cosmetic surgeries or minimally invasive procedures in medical malpractice lawsuits not involving board-certified plastic surgeons. Out-of-scope was defined using the procedural competencies established by the American Council for Graduate Medical Education, the Commission on Dental Accreditation, and the Council of Podiatric Medical Education. Data on legal proceedings, provider credentials and board certification, surgical interventions, and legal outcomes were collected.

Results:
The majority of malpractice cases involving cosmetic surgeries or minimally invasive procedures occurred when providers were practicing out of scope (N = 34; 55.7%). The verdict was ruled in favor of the plaintiff (patient) in 34.4% of cases. Out-of-scope practice occurred most in family/internal medicine, no board certification, and obstetrics/gynecology (N = 4, N = 4, and N = 3, respectively). The most common allegation was permanent injury or disfigurement (N = 21; 21.4%). Plastic surgeons provided expert testimony 44.0% of the time.

Conclusion:
Our review of the Westlaw legal database suggests that the majority of nonplastic surgeon cosmetic malpractice cases may occur in the setting of out-of-scope practice.
Lamina Cribrosa Morphology in Normal Tension Glaucoma According to the Location of Visual Field Defects
Authors: Kang Yeon Soo , Haowei Zhang , Sung Mi Sun , Park Sang Woo 
Published: March 2023

Précis:
The morphologic alterations in lamina cribrosa (LC) may be related to the location of visual field (VF) defects.

Purpose:
The aim of this study was to investigate morphologic differences in the LC in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) according to the location of VF defects.

Design:
This study was a retrospective, cross-sectional study.

Methods:
Ninety-six eyes of 96 patients with NTG were included in this study. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the location of VF defects [parafoveal scotoma (PFS) and peripheral nasal step (PNS)]. All patients underwent an optical coherence tomography of the optic disc and macula using swept-source optical coherence tomography (DRI-OCT Triton; Topcon, Tokyo, Japan). The parameters of the optic disc, macula, LC, and connective tissues were compared between the groups. The relationships between the LC parameters and other structures were analyzed.

Results:
The temporal peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer, average macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer, and average macular ganglion cell complex were significantly thinner in the PFS than in the PNS group (P<0.001, P<0.001, and P=0.012, respectively). The PFS group showed a more glaucomatous LC morphology with a smaller lamina cribrosa-global shape index (LC-GSI, P=0.047), more LC defects (P=0.034), and thinner LC (P=0.021) than the PNS group. LC-GSI was significantly correlated with LC thickness (P=0.011) but not with LC depth (P=0.149).

Conclusions:
In patients with NTG, those with initial PFS showed a more glaucomatous LC morphology than those with initial PNS. The morphologic differences in LC may be related to the location of the VF defects.
XEN Gel Stent Versus Nonpenetrating Deep Sclerectomy in Ocular Hypertension and Open Angle Glaucoma Patients
Authors: Almendral-Gómez Jaime , Perucho-Martínez Susana , Martín-Giral Elena , Fernández-Escámez Carlos , Buenasmañanas-Maeso Miriam , Monja-Alarcón Natalia , Toledano-Fernández Nicolás 
Published: March 2023

Précis:XEN gel stent and nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy, both either alone or in combination with cataract surgery, significantly lowered the intraocular pressure (IOP) and reduced the number of antiglaucoma medications in patients with open angle glaucoma, with no significant differences between them.Purpose:To compare the surgical outcomes of XEN45 implant and nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy (NPDS), either alone or in combination with cataract surgery, in patients with ocular hypertension and open angle glaucoma (OAG). A retrospective and single-center cohort study was conducted on consecutive patients who underwent a XEN45 implant or an NPDS, either alone or in combination with phacoemulsification. The primary endpoint was the mean change in IOP from the baseline to the last follow-up visit. One hundred twenty-eight eyes, 65 (50.8%) eyes in the NPDS group and 63 (49.2%) eyes in the XEN group, were included in the study. The mean preoperative IOP was significantly lowered from 17.6±5.3 mm Hg and 17.8±6.2 mm Hg to 12.6±2.6 mm Hg and 13.8±2.8 mm Hg at month 12 in the XEN and NPDS groups, respectively;P<0.0001 each. At month 12, 70 (54.7%) eyes were classified as a success, with no significant differences between XEN (57.1%; 36/63 eyes) and NPDS (52.3%; 34/65 eyes) (mean difference: 4.8%; 95% CI: −30.5% to 20.8%;P=0.7115). The number of ocular hypotensive medications was significantly reduced in the XEN (from 2.1±0.7–0.2±0.5,P<0.0001) and in the NPDS (from 2.0±0.8 to 0.3±0.6,P<0.0001) groups, with no significant differences between them (P=0.2629). The incidence of postoperative adverse events in the overall study population was 12.5%, with no significant differences between groups (P=0.1275). Seven (11.1%) eyes underwent needling (XEN group) and 10 (15.4%) goniopuncture (NPDS group);P=0.4753.Conclusions:XEN45 implant and the NPDS, either alone or in combination with cataract surgery, significantly lowered IOP and reduced the number of ocular hypotensive medications in ocular hypertension and patients with open angle glaucoma.
A systemic review of rubidium-82 PET contrasted with 99mTc-MIBI SPECT for imaging coronary artery disease
Authors: Alenezi Meshaal M. , Majrashi Naif A. , Sharif Hayfa , Alyami Ali S. , Ageeli Wael A. , Salawi Majed H. , Refaee Turkey A. , Alanazi Salem F. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
99mTc-sestamibi single photon emission tomography (SPECT) method is widely used for imaging coronary artery disease (CAD). 82-Rubidium-PET is an alternative method that can be used to perform the same purpose.

Purpose/Aim:
This study aims to determine whether 82-Rubidium-PET can offer extra value over 99mTc-sestamibi SPECT in imaging CAD.

Methods:
To achieve the study aim, a systematic review of the literature for the 2 tracers were conducted. The aim of the systemic review was to find every related previous study that corresponded to well-defined scientific criteria. The analysis of the results was restricted to peer-reviewed papers in order to avoid any selective outcome reports. Besides, extra analysis was carried out to curb or avoid any ascertainment bias. The qualified studies selected for this research were then assessed for the risk of bias. Furthermore, the details of the methods were rechecked to ensure that they were comparable, before synthesizing the results.

Results:
Eighteen original studies were selected and included in the final analysis out of 803 articles identified at the initial research. Overall, the mean value of sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of CAD was 84.3% and 75.4%, respectively for technetium 99m sestamibi (99mTc-MIBI). On the other hand, for 82-Rubidium-PET, the mean value of sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of CAD was 81% and 81%, respectively. The accuracy of diagnostics of these imaging modalities was dependent on the radiotracers and stress agent used in these studies, with 99mTc-MIBI achieving the highest diagnostic value.

Conclusion:
This study concludes that 99mTc-MIBI-SPECT has higher diagnostic value for diagnosing CAD compared to 82-Rubidium-PET. This indicates that 99mTc-MIBI-SPECT is a more valuable technique for predicting CAD. Besides, for the stress agents used to stimulate the heart and increase workload, this research/study recommends the use of adenosine for the SPECT and the use of dipyridamole for positron emission tomography. However, it suggests the need for more systemic and theoretical studies to assess the real value of 82-Rubidium-PET and the value of stress agents.
Clinical outcomes in dynamic intraligamentary stabilization technique for anterior cruciate ligament tear: A meta-analysis
Authors: Meng Jiahao , Xie Dongxing , Meng Fanqiang , Liu Weijie , Xiao Yifan , Tang Hang , Gao Shuguang 
Published: March 2023

Background:
To compare the clinical outcome between dynamic intraligamentary stabilization (DIS) and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction in ACL tears.

Methods:
PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Embase databases were searched to identify published articles on clinical studies comparing DIS versus ACL reconstruction. The results of the eligible studies were analyzed in terms of anteroposterior knee laxity translation (ΔATT) between the injured and contralateral knees, and subjective International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), Lysholm score, Tegner score, and ipsilateral ACL failure, implant removal, and ACL revision.

Results:
Five clinical studies including 429 patients with ACL tears met the inclusion criteria. DIS showed statistically comparable outcomes of ΔATT (P = .12), IKDC (P = .38), Tegner (P = .82), ACL failure (P = .50), ACL revision (P = .29) with ACL reconstruction. A significantly higher rate of implant removal (odds ratio for DIS vs ACL reconstruction, 7.73; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.72–22.00; P = .0001) but statistically higher Lysholm score (mean difference between DIS and ACL reconstruction, 1.59; 95% CI, 0.24–2.93; P = .02) were found in DIS group.

Conclusion:
Five clinical studies including 429 patients with ACL tears met the inclusion criteria. DIS showed statistically comparable outcomes of ΔATT (P = .12), IKDC (P = .38), Tegner (P = .82), ACL failure (P = .50), ACL revision (P = .29) with ACL reconstruction. A significantly higher rate of implant removal (odds ratio for DIS vs ACL reconstruction, 7.73; 95% CI, 2.72–22.00; P = .0001) but statistically higher Lysholm score (mean difference between DIS and ACL reconstruction, 1.59; 95% CI, 0.24–2.93; P = .02) were found in DIS group.
Effect of duloxetine on pain relief after total knee arthroplasty: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Zhang Lu-Kai , Li Qiang , Fang Yan-Fen , Qi Ji-Wei 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Postoperative pain is one of the most feared complications of total knee arthroplasty. Recently, randomized controlled trials have compared the efficacy of duloxetine in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. However, there is no definite answer as to the efficacy and safety of duloxetine.

Methods:
Randomized controlled trials about relevant studies were searched from PubMed (1996 to July 2022), Embase (1996 to July 2022), and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL, July 2022).

Results:
Six high-quality studies containing 532 patients met the inclusion criteria. Results show patients in the duloxetine group had better performance in terms of visual analog scale (P < .05), equivalent morphine consumption (P < .05), and length of stay (P < .05).

Conclusion:
Duloxetine can be used to reduce pain after knee arthroplasty in selected patients.
Clinical efficacy of supplementing qi dispelling wind and activating blood circulation method in the treatment of IgA nephropathy: A meta-analysis
Authors: Pan Zhiyu , Zhao Mingming , Chang Meiying , Shi Xiujie , Ma Sijia , Zhang Yu 
Published: March 2023

Background:
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a common primary glomerular disease, and supplementing qi dispelling wind and activating blood is commonly used as a treatment method in Chinese medicine. However, the existing studies have small sample sizes. This study aimed to use a meta-analysis to explore the clinical efficacy of this method and to systematically introduce this effective treatment.

Methods:
We searched for randomized controlled trial studies on supplementing qi dispelling wind and activating blood circulation methods for IgAN indexed in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, Chongqing VIP, SinoMed, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science databases, which were interrogated from database inception to January 2022. Combining the inclusion and exclusion criteria to screen the literature, we included a total of 15 eligible studies; the quality of the included studies was evaluated using the risk of bias assessment tool of the Cochrane System Revies Manual 5.4. The outcome indexes were extracted, and a meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 software.

Results:
Fifteen articles were included in this review. A meta-analysis of the results led to the conclusion that supplementing qi dispelling wind and activating blood circulation prescription has beneficial effects on the total effective rate [odds ratios = 3.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.76–5.67], and can reduce 24-hour urinary protein quantity (mean deviation = −0.35, 95% CI −0.54 to −0.16) and serum creatinine (mean deviation = −15.41,95% CI −28.39 to −2.44) without impact normal level of alanine transaminase, hemoglobin, and serum albumin.

Conclusions:
Supplementing qi dispelling wind and activating blood can significantly improve renal function and reduce 24-hour urinary protein quantity levels in patients with IgAN compared to the use of non-Chinese medicine treatment. This finding provides a rationale for using this method in the clinical treatment of IgAN.