bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Yangqing Chenfei formula alleviates silica-induced pulmonary inflammation in rats by inhibiting macrophage M1 polarization
Authors: Tian Xinrong , Wei Yu , Hou Runsu , Liu Xinguang , Tian Yange , Zhao Peng , Li Jiansheng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Yangqing Chenfei formula (YCF) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula for early-stage silicosis. However, the therapeutic mechanism is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism for the effects of YCF on early-stage experimental silicosis.

Methods
The anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects of YCF were determined in a silicosis rat model, which was established by intratracheal instillation of silica. The anti-inflammatory efficacy and molecular mechanisms of YCF were examined in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/interferon (IFN)-γ-induced macrophage inflammation model. Network pharmacology and transcriptomics were integrated to analyze the active components, corresponding targets, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of YCF, and these mechanisms were validated in vitro.

Results
Oral administration of YCF attenuated the pathological changes, reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, inhibited collagen deposition, decreased the levels of inflammatory factors, and reduced the number of M1 macrophages in the lung tissue of rats with silicosis. YCF5, the effective fraction of YCF, significantly attenuated the inflammatory factors induced by LPS and IFN-γ in M1 macrophages. Network pharmacology analysis showed that YCF contained 185 active components and 988 protein targets, which were mainly associated with inflammation-related signaling pathways. Transcriptomic analysis showed that YCF regulated 117 reversal genes mainly associated with the inflammatory response. Integrative analysis of network pharmacology and transcriptomics indicated that YCF suppressed M1 macrophage-mediated inflammation by regulating signaling networks, including the mTOR, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), PI3K-Akt, NF-κB, and JAK-STAT signaling pathways. In vitro studies confirmed that the active components of YCF significantly decreased the levels of p-mTORC1, p-P38, and p-P65 by suppressing the activation of related-pathways.

Conclusion
YCF significantly attenuated the inflammatory response in rats with silicosis via the suppression of macrophage M1 polarization by inhibiting a “multicomponent-multitarget-multipathway” network.
On some inequalities for uniformly convex mapping with estimations to normal distributions
Authors: Butt Saad Ihsan , Sayyari Yamin , Agarwal Praveen , Nieto Juan J. , Umar Muhammad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we introduce notable Jensen–Mercer inequality for a general class of convex functions, namely uniformly convex functions. We explore some interesting properties of such a class of functions along with some examples. As a result, we establish Hermite–Jensen–Mercer inequalities pertaining uniformly convex functions by considering the class of fractional integral operators. Moreover, we establish Mercer–Ostrowski inequalities for conformable integral operator via differentiable uniformly convex functions. Finally, we apply our inequalities to get estimations for normal probability distributions (Gaussian distributions).
Construction of Cupriavidus necator displayed with superoxide dismutases for enhanced growth in bioelectrochemical systems
Authors: Chen Ke , Ma Chunling , Cheng Xiaolei , Wang Yuhua , Guo Kun , Wu Ranran , Zhu Zhiguang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is of great significance to utilize CO2 as feedstock to synthesize biobased products, particularly single cell protein (SCP) as the alternative food and feed. Bioelectrochemical system (BES) driven by clean electric energy has been regarded as a promising way for Cupriavidus necator to produce SCP from CO2 directly. At present, the key problem of culturing C. necator in BES is that reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in cathode chamber are harmful to bacterial growth. Therefore, it is necessary to find a solution to mitigate the negative effect of ROS. In this study, we constructed a number of C. necator strains displayed with superoxide dismutase (SOD), which allowed the decomposition of superoxide anion radical. The effects of promoters and signal peptides on the cell surface displayed SOD were analyzed. The proteins displayed on the surface were further verified by the fluorescence experiment. Finally, the growth of C. necator CMS incorporating a pBAD-SOD-E-tag-IgAβ plasmid could achieve 4.9 ± 1.0 of OD600 by 7 days, equivalent to 1.7 ± 0.3 g/L dry cell weight (DCW), and the production rate was 0.24 ± 0.04 g/L/d DCW, around 2.7-fold increase than the original C. necator CMS (1.8 ± 0.3 of OD600). This study can provide an effective and novel strategy of cultivating strains for the production of CO2-derived SCP or other chemicals in BES.
Graphical Abstract
Promoting dairy consumption behavior in the school setting: an experiment based on the transtheoretical model
Authors: Rouhani-Tonekaboni Nooshin , Sabrkonandeh Sara , Ashouri Asieh , Kasmaei Parisa , Mirzaei-Alavijeh Mehdi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Nutrition education is a key component of health promotion programs which leads to the improvement of students’ nutritional behaviors. The transtheoretical model (TTM) is one of the models extensively used in changing people’s behaviors. This study aimed to change the dairy consumption behavior based on the TTM in female students.

Methods
A controlled trial was conducted with 159 female students (intervention group: 56; control group: 103) in the 10-11th grades from two public schools in Soumesara city located in the west of Gilan Province, Iran. Demographic characteristics, knowledge, TTM constructs and stage of change of dairy consumption were collected using a valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire. Data were gathered before and one month after the educational intervention. Chi-square test, t-test and ANCOVA were used to analyze the data and a p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results
Fifty-two students from the intervention and 93 from the control group completed the study. Only 15% of the students were in the action or maintenance stages of dairy consumption. After the intervention, mean scores of behavioral processes of change, cognitive processes of change, decisional balance, and self-efficacy improved in the intervention group (P < 0.05 for all). Also, 37% and 16% of the participants in the intervention and control groups, respectively, were in the action or maintenance phase (P < 0.001).

Conclusions
This study showed that implementing an intervention based on the TTM would positively affect students’ dairy consumption behaviors. Also, it is suggested that the TTM be assessed in terms of other daily nutritional needs in students to promote their nutritional behaviors.

Trial Registration
The study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) (available online at https://en.irct.ir/trial/50003) on April 11, 2020 with the number IRCT20200718048132N1 and was approved by research ethics committee of Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Diet and bowel function in children with Hirschsprung’s disease: development and content validation of a patient-reported questionnaire
Authors: Telborn Lovisa , Kumlien Christine , Granéli Christina , Axelsson Irene , Stenström Pernilla 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Although dietary adjustments are recommended frequently for bowel symptoms, evidence of diet’s impact on bowel function is lacking. The aim was to develop a patient-reported outcome instrument, for children with and without Hirschsprung’s disease (HD), to explore experiences of dietary effects on bowel function.

Methods
Children with and without HD and their parents participated. Questionnaire items regarding the impact of diet on bowel function originated from focus group discussions. Specific food items, reported in the literature or in focus groups to cause bowel functional effects, were listed requesting each item’s effect size and effect type. Content validity was tested within two separate semistructured interviews. A pilot test was performed. Assessing comprehension, relevance and wording clarity structurally, revisions were made accordingly. Children’s bowel function was assessed through the validated Rintala Bowel Function Score.

Results
A total of 13 children with and without HD, median age 7 (range 2–15) years, and 18 parents participated in the validation. Each question’s relevance had been ranked highly early in the validation process but most questions needed refining for improving clarity and comprehension. Wordings regarding bowel symptoms and emotions connected to food in particular were perceived to be sensitive and complex. Specifically wording regarding some bowel symptoms (gases, pain) and parental stress emotions (guilt, ambivalence) were, consistent with participants’ opinions, subjected to multiple step revisions. Following the validation process, which included two semistructure interviews with different participants and then a pilot test with a third cohort, a full track overview of changes and rewording made in all steps of the validation process was presented. The final questionnaire then comprised 13 questions assessing foods’ significance for bowel function, emotions, social impact and 90 specific food items’ possible effects and effect sizes on bowel function.

Conclusions
The Diet and Bowel Function questionnaire, enabling answering by children, was developed and the content validated qualitatively. This report presents insights into the whole validation process, declaring reasons for the selected question- and answering options, and their wordings. The Diet and Bowel Function questionnaire can be used as a survey questionnaire to enhance understanding of dietary effects on bowel function in children, and its results can be supportive in improving dietary-treatment programs.
Combined and comparative analytical studies with stability studies and validation for estimation of prenoxdiazine HCl in pharmaceutical dosage form
Authors: Shah Ronak , Nagar Akhil , Bardiya Ruchita , Shirkhedkar Atul , Purohit Drashti , Bendale Atul 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
A precise, accurate, economical and reproducible UV, RP-HPLC and UPLC method has been developed for the estimation of Prenoxdiazine hydrochloride in pharmaceutical and bulk dosage form. Each of the developed method has been validated for the analysis of Prenoxdiazine hydrochloride.

Result
The validation of the analytical methods was carried out based on various parameters like precision, linearity, accuracy, specificity, LOD, and LOQ for all the three methods. The parameters were found statistically significant for the analysis of Prenoxdiazine hydrochloride. The method was found sensitive in the presence of analytical impurities. The retention time of the Prenoxdiazine HCl was found to be 2.5 and 2.9 min, using common solvents acetonitrile and methanol, in UPLC and HPLC, respectively.

Conclusion
The method may be useful in the wide range of analysis for the estimation of Prenoxdiazine hydrochloride. It is found to be robust upon the change in solvent flow rate, column temperatures. Further, the study has investigated the stability of the sample under stressed condition like thermal, oxidative, and photolytic. Here, we tried to develop and compare cost-effective methods for Prenoxdiazine HCl using most common industrial methods which are never studied.
Exploring the probiotic potentiality and antibacterial activity of idli batter isolates of lactic acid bacteria from West Bengal, India
Authors: Sircar Bijayanta , Mandal Shyamapada 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe lactic acid bacteria (LAB), from diverse sources, are of great importance as probiotics, and several authors from around the globe have reported LAB, isolated from various fermented foods, as potential antimicrobial agents. The current study explored the antibacterial activity and probiotic property of idli batter isolates of LAB, for the first time from Malda (West Bengal, India).ResultsThe LAB procured from fresh and fermented idli batter samples had antibacterial activity against pathogenic as well as food-borne bacteria with zone diameter of inhibition of 16, 18 and 23 mm with concentrations 25, 50 and 75 μl/well, respectively, as determined by agar-well diffusion method. The identification of isolated LAB was executed through biochemical tests, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The LAB isolates from fresh idli batter: LMEM1001 and LMEM1002, showed maximum (96.81% and 95.20%, respectively) similarities withLactiplantibacillus pentosusandLactiplantibacillus plantarum,respectively, whereas the fermented idli batter isolates, LMEM1006 and LMEM1008, showed maximum (96.11% and 98.40%, respectively) similarities withLactiplantibacillus plantarumandLimosilactobacillus fermentum,respectively. Safety profiling of isolated LAB was executed using antibiogram, DNase and gelatinase tests.ConclusionsThe idli batter-derived lactobacilli have been demonstrated as good probiotics, which displayed excellent antibacterial activity against clinical and food-borne bacteria. Overall, the idli batter isolates of LAB might be useful as probiotics for human consumption and as biotherapeutics in combating bacterial antibiotic resistance.
Case report of spontaneous sino-cutaneous fistula in chronic rhinosinusitis
Authors: Wong Song Yeu , Lim Li Yun , Ramli Ramiza Ramza , Tang Ing Ping 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common disease characterized by inflammation of the paranasal sinuses, with symptoms such as nasal blockage, facial pain, hyposmia, and headache. While these symptoms are often treated as a common cold, the disease can lead to serious complications if left untreated. We present an unusual case of CRS in which the patient presented to the ophthalmology department with persistent pus discharge from the left upper eyelid for 6 months, despite being treated with multiple courses of antibiotics and undergoing incision and drainage procedures.

Case presentation
A 69-year-old male patient presented with a 6-month history of persistent pus discharge from the left upper eyelid, despite being treated with multiple courses of oral antibiotics and three incision and drainage procedures. He also complained of yellowish nasal discharge and bilateral nasal blockage for the past year but did not seek medical attention for these symptoms. Physical examination revealed pus discharge from the left upper eyelid and widening of the nasomaxillary groove. Nasoendoscopic examination showed bilateral grade 3 nasal polyps with mucopus secretion. CT scan of the paranasal sinuses revealed that the odd presentation was due to the chronic inflammatory process in the paranasal sinuses, which had led to osteitis and hyperostosis. This patient underwent endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) with left frontal trephination and fat obliteration of the left frontal sinus. The postoperative histopathological report confirmed the diagnosis of benign inflammatory nasal polyp with acute on chronic inflammation. The patient was asymptomatic at 3-month follow-up post-operation.

Conclusion
Our case report highlights the importance of considering CRS as a possible underlying cause of such unusual presentations, even when the symptoms may appear unrelated. Early diagnosis and treatment of CRS can prevent serious complications and improve patient outcomes. The inflammatory process of CRS leading to osteitis and hyperostosis of the paranasal sinuses complicates the clinical presentation, distorts the usual anatomical structures, and may complicate the operation. CT scan of the paranasal sinus is highly recommended before any sinus surgery. At times, ESS may not be sufficient to eradicate frontal sinus disease. In these cases, an external approach is necessary with or without obliteration of the sinus cavity.
Mortality Benefit of a Blood-Based Biomarker Panel for Lung Cancer on the Basis of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cohort
Authors: Irajizad Ehsan , Fahrmann Johannes F. , Marsh Tracey , Vykoukal Jody , Dennison Jennifer B. , Long James P. , Do Kim-Anh , Feng Ziding , Hanash Samir , Ostrin Edwin J. 
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE To investigate the utility of integrating a panel of circulating protein biomarkers in combination with a risk model on the basis of subject characteristics to identify individuals at high risk of harboring a lethal lung cancer. METHODS Data from an established logistic regression model that combines four-marker protein panel (4MP) together with the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) risk model (PLCOm2012) assayed in prediagnostic sera from 552 lung cancer cases and 2,193 noncases from the PLCO cohort were used in this study. Of the 552 lung cancer cases, 387 (70%) died of lung cancer. Cumulative incidence of lung cancer death and subdistributional and cause-specific hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated on the basis of 4MP + PLCOm2012 risk scores at a predefined 1.0% and 1.7% 6-year risk thresholds, which correspond to the current and former US Preventive Services Task Force screening criteria, respectively. RESULTS When considering cases diagnosed within 1 year of blood draw and all noncases, the area under receiver operation characteristics curve estimate of the 4MP + PLCOm2012 model for risk prediction of lung cancer death was 0.88 (95% CI, 0.86 to 0.90). The cumulative incidence of lung cancer death was statistically significantly higher in individuals with 4MP + PLCOm2012 scores above the 1.0% 6-year risk threshold (modified χ2, 166.27; P < .0001). Corresponding subdistributional and lung cancer death–specific HRs for test-positive cases were 9.88 (95% CI, 6.44 to 15.18) and 10.65 (95% CI, 6.93 to 16.37), respectively. CONCLUSION The blood-based biomarker panel in combination with PLCOm2012 identifies individuals at high risk of a lethal lung cancer.
Lazertinib Versus Gefitinib as First-Line Treatment in Patients With EGFR-Mutated Advanced Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Results From LASER301
Authors: Cho Byoung Chul , Ahn Myung-Ju , Kang Jin Hyoung , Soo Ross A. , Reungwetwattana Thanyanan , Yang James Chih-Hsin , Cicin Irfan , Kim Dong-Wan , Wu Yi-Long , Lu Shun , Lee Ki Hyeong , Pang Yong-Kek , Zimina Anastasia , Fong Chin Heng , Poddubskaya Elena , Sezer Ahmet , How Soon Hin , Danchaivijitr Pongwut , Kim YuKyung , Lim Yeji , An Taewon , Lee Hana , Byun Hae Mi , Zaric Bojan 
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE Lazertinib is a potent, CNS-penetrant, third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor. This global, phase III study (LASER301) compared lazertinib versus gefitinib in treatment-naïve patients with EGFR-mutated (exon 19 deletion [ex19del]/L858R) locally advanced or metastatic non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients were 18 years and older with no previous systemic anticancer therapy. Neurologically stable patients with CNS metastases were allowed. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to lazertinib 240 mg once daily orally or gefitinib 250 mg once daily orally, stratified by mutation status and race. The primary end point was investigator-assessed progression-free survival (PFS) by RECIST v1.1. RESULTS Overall, 393 patients received double-blind study treatment across 96 sites in 13 countries. Median PFS was significantly longer with lazertinib than with gefitinib (20.6 v 9.7 months; hazard ratio [HR], 0.45; 95% CI, 0.34 to 0.58; P < .001). The PFS benefit of lazertinib over gefitinib was consistent across all predefined subgroups. The objective response rate was 76% in both groups (odds ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.62 to 1.59). Median duration of response was 19.4 months (95% CI, 16.6 to 24.9) with lazertinib versus 8.3 months (95% CI, 6.9 to 10.9) with gefitinib. Overall survival data were immature at the interim analysis (29% maturity). The 18-month survival rate was 80% with lazertinib and 72% with gefitinib (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.51 to 1.08; P = .116). Observed safety of both treatments was consistent with their previously reported safety profiles. CONCLUSION Lazertinib demonstrated significant efficacy improvement compared with gefitinib in the first-line treatment of EGFR-mutated advanced NSCLC, with a manageable safety profile.
Meeting the Body Mass Index Requirement for Gender-affirming Surgery Using Antiobesity Medication
Authors: Taormina John Michael , Gilden Adam H , Iwamoto Sean J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
One-fourth of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) patients presenting for initial gender-affirming surgery (GAS) consult is denied surgery due to obesity. Many surgery centers enforce body mass index (BMI) requirements for GAS because of concerns about perioperative risks, cosmetic outcomes, and reoperation. TGD people experience gender minority stress and disparities in lifestyle factors that likely contribute to excess weight gain. Gender-affirming hormone therapy has also been associated with increased body weight. Effective and affirming weight management interventions for TGD patients with overweight and obesity are currently lacking. We report the case of a 40-year-old transgender woman with a BMI of 39.6 kg/m2 who presented for weight loss to qualify for gender-affirming bilateral breast augmentation, requiring BMI &lt;35 kg/m2. In addition to lifestyle modification counseling, she was started on semaglutide with monthly dose escalation, leading to 13.9% weight loss with a BMI of 34.1 kg/m2 within 3 months. This case highlights the need for access to affirming weight management services for TGD patients pursuing GAS and the role of antiobesity medications in reaching presurgical BMI targets. Further studies should evaluate the needs of TGD patients in weight loss interventions and the effects of weight loss and antiobesity medications on gender-affirming hormone therapy.
Pituitary Apoplexy Secondary to Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist for Breast Cancer
Authors: Mastandrea Katherine , Voica Mihail , Tetlay Maryam , Hasan Farhad 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Pituitary apoplexy is a potentially fatal clinical condition that results from pituitary infarction due to ischemia or hemorrhage. We present a case of a 53-year-old female patient with a history of recurrent pituitary macroadenoma who presented with headache, blurry vision, nausea, vomiting, and photophobia after receiving a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist, leuprolide, as part of adjuvant endocrine therapy for breast cancer. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the presence of pituitary apoplexy, and endocrine workup showed anterior hypopituitarism. The patient was managed conservatively and required glucocorticoid replacement. A repeat MRI after 3 months showed a partially empty sella. A review of the literature revealed that this case adds to the growing number of patients who present with headache, visual symptoms, and symptoms related to meningeal irritation after administration of GnRH agonists, with varying latency from treatment to symptom onset. Although there are other cases involving female patients or patients with known pituitary macroadenomas, to our knowledge, this is the first reported case of pituitary apoplexy in a patient receiving a GnRH agonist as an adjuvant for breast cancer. Physicians should be aware of this rare complication of GnRH agonist therapy in patients with a pituitary macroadenoma.