bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
European study showed that children with congenital anomalies often underwent multiple surgical procedures at different ages across Europe
Authors: Garne Ester , Loane Maria , Tan Joachim , Ballardini Elisa , Brigden Joanna , Cavero‐Carbonell Clara , Coi Alessio , Damkjær Mads , Garcia‐Villodre Laura , Gissler Mika , Given Joanne , Heino Anna , Jordan Sue , Limb Elizabeth , Neville Amanda , Rissmann Anke , Santoro Michele , Scanlon Ieuan , Urhoj Stine Kjaer , Wellesley Diana , Morris Joan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimChildren with congenital anomalies often require surgery but data on the burden of surgery for these children are limited.MethodsA population‐based record‐linkage study in Finland, Wales and regions of Denmark, England, Italy and Spain. A total of 91 504 children with congenital anomalies born in 1995–2014 were followed to their tenth birthday or the end of 2015. Electronic linkage to hospital databases provided data on inpatient surgical procedures and meta‐analyses of surgical procedures were performed by age groups.ResultsThe percentage of children having surgery in the first year was 38% with some differences across regions and 14% also underwent surgery at age 1–4 years. Regional differences in age at the time of their first surgical procedure were observed for children with cleft palate, hydronephrosis, hypospadias, clubfoot and craniosynostosis. The children had a median of 2.0 (95% CI 1.98, 2.02) surgical procedures before age 5 years with children with oesophageal atresia having the highest median number of procedures (4.5; 95% CI 3.3, 5.8).ConclusionA third of children with congenital anomalies required surgery during infancy and often more than one procedure was needed before age 5 years. There was no European consensus on the preferred age for surgery for some anomalies.
Meta‐analysis: Placebo rates in microscopic colitis randomised trials and applications for future drug development using a historical control arm
Authors: Hamilton Patrick , Buhler Katherine , MacDonald John K. , Kaplan Gilaad G. , Seow Cynthia H. , Lu Cathy , Novak Kerri L. , Andrews Christopher N. , Singh Siddharth , Jairath Vipul , Panaccione Remo , Ma Christopher 
Published: February 2023

SummaryBackgroundEffective medical therapies for patients with microscopic colitis (MC) who fail budesonide are lacking. However, conducting randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in MC has been challenging due to small sample sizes. Understanding placebo responses can help inform more efficient future trials.AimsThe aim of this study is to estimate clinical and histologic placebo response rates and to determine factors associated with placebo response in MC.MethodsEMBASE, MEDLINE, and CENTRAL were searched until 7 January 2022, to identify placebo‐controlled RCTs in adult patients with MC. Clinical and histologic response in the placebo arms were pooled using random‐effects models. Stratified analyses based on disease‐ and trial‐level characteristics, leave‐one‐out meta‐analysis, and cumulative meta‐analysis were performed.ResultsTwelve RCTs enrolling a total of 391 patients (placebo n = 163) with MC were included. Pooled clinical and histologic placebo response rates were 24.4% (95% CI: 12.4%–38.4%), I2 = 60.8%, p < 0.01, and 19.9% (95% CI: 5.3%–39.0%), I2 = 66.4%, p = 0.01 (tests for heterogeneity), respectively. Clinical response to placebo was numerically higher in patients with lymphocytic compared to collagenous colitis (39.9% vs. 19.8%, p = 0.08). Heterogeneity in clinical response to placebo was significantly reduced when the Miehlke 2014 RCT was excluded in the leave‐one‐out meta‐analysis or when a more stringent secondary definition of response based on the Hjortswang criteria was applied.ConclusionsApproximately one‐quarter of patients in MC trials respond to placebo, although with substantial heterogeneity, reflecting the need for standardised outcome definitions and study designs for MC. This analysis also serves to inform future MC trials that may consider incorporating an external, historical placebo control arm, rather than directly randomising patients to placebo.
Reframing well‐being: Lessons from Aotearoa New Zealand's first wave COVID‐19 response
Authors: Stronge Dean C. , Greenaway Alison , Kannemeyer Robyn L. , Howard Chris 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWell‐being is increasingly being promoted and used to describe social progress. However, tension exists between framings that focus on enhancing individual well‐being (living well) and societal or collective framings of well‐being (living well together). Well‐being is central to Aotearoa New Zealand's COVID‐19 response and recovery. The COVID‐19 pandemic reopened debates about what kind of society people want to live in. Our research explored the ‘shared typical’ or commonality of experiences of the first wave of COVID‐19 response in Aotearoa New Zealand. Semi‐structured interviews provided insights into a wide range of concerns participants faced and what that meant for their well‐being and the well‐being of Aotearoa New Zealand. We found that well‐being is both multidimensional and hierarchical, and while people talked about their own well‐being, it was often in the context of broader social well‐being. These findings support research showing that well‐being is relational. We suggest that Indigenous models of well‐being are well placed to inform policy strategies enabling holistic well‐being, but this needs to be done in ways that pair Indigenous and Western knowledge, rather than integrating or assimilating this knowledge into Western science approaches.
Barriers and enablers to delivering opportunistic behaviour change interventions during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A qualitative study in healthcare professionals
Authors: Vogt Katharina Sophie , Johnson Judith , Conner Mark , Armitage Christopher J. , Keyworth Chris 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundIn line with public health policy, healthcare professionals (HCPs) working in the UK's National Health Service (NHS) are encouraged to deliver opportunistic health behaviour change interventions during routine consultations. The impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on healthcare delivery has been wide‐ranging, but little is known about how the pandemic has affected the delivery of health behaviour change interventions. The present study aimed to examine the barriers and enablers to delivering opportunistic behaviour change interventions during the COVID‐19 pandemic.MethodsTwenty‐five qualitative semi‐structured interviews were conducted in January 2022 with a range of patient‐facing healthcare professionals (including nurses, physiotherapists, dieticians, doctors and midwives) working in the NHS. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsTwo overarching themes were generated: (1) the healthcare system's response to COVID‐19, and (2) maintaining good HCP‐patient relationships: reluctance and responsibility. COVID‐19‐related barriers included exacerbated staffing pressures and a perceived inability to use IT equipment to facilitate conversations about health behaviour change (due to poor internet connectivity or ill‐equipped platforms). COVID‐19‐related enablers included the use of video consultations enabling less awkward and more honest conversations about health behaviours.However, some barriers and enablers remained the same as pre‐pandemic, such as issues of role responsibility for discussing health behaviour change with patients, balancing holistic wellbeing advice with maintaining positive patient‐HCP relationships, and reluctance to deliver opportunistic behaviour change interventions.DiscussionThe increased use of remote consultations may facilitate the delivery of opportunistic health behaviour change interventions by healthcare professionals. However, there is also a strong need to improve staffing levels, in order that staff have the psychological and physical capabilities to engage patients in these conversations.
Compositional variation of the Zechstein Group in the Norwegian North sea: Implications for underground storage in salt caverns
Authors: Marín Dora , Cardozo Néstor , Escalona Alejandro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractHalite beds in the upper Permian Zechstein Group represent an opportunity for the future development of underground storage caverns. However, geological factors such as lithological heterogeneities, cap rock characteristics and depth can affect the sealing capacity and the integrity of the cavern or contaminate the stored fluid. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate these factors focusing on the compositional variation of the Zechstein Group in different salt structures in the Norwegian North Sea, and related opportunities and challenges for salt cavern storage. Based on deformation style, geometry, height and thickness of the salt structures, we have divided the Zechstein Group into four main categories: (1) thin beds, which can be either carbonate‐anhydrite or clastic dominated. Halite is absent and therefore there is no potential for the development of salt caverns. (2 and 3) bedded to weakly deformed evaporites and intermediate size salt structures, where thick halite beds of more than 300 m are present, but they are usually deeper than 2000 m. Lithological heterogeneities in the halite consist of a mix of competent and incompetent (K‐Mg salts) lithologies. (4) Tall diapirs, characterized by shallower structures (<2000 m), with large deformation and poor seismic image. Thin layers of incompetent K‐Mg salts are observed in these diapirs. The composition, thickness and deformation of the cap rock vary greatly in the area. Thick halite beds are recognized in most salt structures, suggesting an opportunity for underground storage. The challenges are related to the depth of the halite, amount and type of heterogeneities, characteristics of the cap rock and deformation in the different salt structures. These results also have implications for the distribution of reservoir and source rocks, and the evolution of the Northern Permian Basin.
Generation of human otic neuronal organoids using pluripotent stem cells
Authors: Sun Gaoying , Tang Mingming , Wang Xinyue , Li Da , Liu Wenwen , Qi Jianhuan , Wang Haibo , Hu Baoyang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOtic neurons, also known as spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in mammalian cochlea, transmit electrical signals from sensory hair cells to cochlear nuclei of the auditory system. SGNs are sensitive to toxic insults, vulnerable to get irreversible damaged and hardly regenerate after damage, causing persistent sensorineural hearing loss. Yet, to get authentic SGNs for research or therapeutic purpose remains challenging. Here we developed a protocol to generate human otic neuronal organoids (hONOs) from human pluripotent stem cells (hESCs), in which hESCs were step‐wisely induced to SGNs of the corresponding stages according to their developmental trajectory. The hONOs were enriched for SGN‐like cells at early stage, and for both neurons and astrocytes, Schwann cells or supporting cells thereafter. In these hONOs, we also determined the existence of typical Type I and Type II SGNs. Mature hONOs (at differentiation Day 60) formed neural network, featured by giant depolarizing potential (GDP)‐like events and rosette‐organized regions‐elicited calcium traces. Electrophysiological analysis confirmed the existence of glutamate‐responsive neurons in these hONOs. The otic neuronal organoids generated in this study provide an ideal model to study SGNs and related disorders, facilitating therapeutic development for sensorineural hearing loss.
The impact of the distance between patient residency and heart transplant center on outcomes after heart transplantation
Authors: Lechiancole Andrea , Ferrara Veronica , Sponga Sandro , Benedetti Giovanni , Guzzi Giorgio , Nalli Chiara , Nora Concetta Di , Maiani Massimo , Spagna Enrico , Daffarra Cristian , Piani Daniela , Meneguzzi Matteo , Bressan Marilyn , Calandruccio Rubens Maria , Brindicci Ylenia , Vendramin Igor , Livi Ugolino 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionHeart transplant (HTx) recipients require continuous monitoring and care in order to prevent and treat possible complications related to the graft function or to the immunosuppressive treatment promptly. Since heart transplantation centers (HTC) are more experienced in managing HTx recipients than other healthcare facilities, the distance between patient residency and HTC could negatively affect the outcomes.MethodsData of patients discharged after receiving HTx between 2000 and 2021, collected into our institutional database, were retrospectively analyzed. The population was divided into three groups: A (n = 180), B (n = 157), and C (n = 134), according to the distance tertiles between patient residency and HTC. The primary end‐point was survival, secondary end‐points were incidences of complications.ResultsRecipient and donor characteristics did not differ between the three groups. Survival at 10 years was 66 ± 4%, 66 ± 4%, and 65 ± 5%, respectively, for groups A, B, and C (p = .34). Immunosuppressive regimen and rate of complications did not differ between groups. However, the rates of outpatient visits and of hospitalization performed at HTC were higher in group A than others.ConclusionDistance from the HTC does not represent a barrier to a successful outcome for HTx recipients, as long as regular and continuous follow‐up is provided.
Diagnosis of acinic cell carcinoma of the salivary gland on cytology specimens: Role of NOR‐1 (NR4A3) immunohistochemistry
Authors: Meiklejohn Karleen , Hrones Morgan , Wang Minhua , Prasad Manju L. , Cai Guoping , Adeniran Adebowale , Gilani Syed M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesAcinic cell carcinoma (AcCC) is often a challenging diagnosis on cytology. Recently, NOR‐1 (NR4A3) has been demonstrated as a sensitive and specific marker for AcCC. Therefore, we conducted this study to evaluate NOR‐1 expression in AcCC cytology specimens and to compare its reactivity in other salivary gland tumours (non‐AcCC).MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed our database and selected cytology cases with available cell blocks, including 10 AcCC and 24 non‐AcCC tumours (12 benign tumours and 12 malignant tumours). NOR‐1 (1:50 dilution; SC393902 [H‐7]; Santa Cruz Biotech) immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed on all cases.ResultsAll AcCC cases except two (2/10, 80%) showed positive nuclear staining of variable intensity for NOR‐1, with the majority of cases (75%) demonstrating at least moderately intense nuclear expression. All non‐AcCC cases were negative for NOR‐1, demonstrating a specificity of 100%.ConclusionWe conclude that NOR‐1 IHC is sensitive and very specific on cytology specimens and is able to distinguish AcCC from its mimickers reliably and classify them appropriately for further management.
Haemoglobin spherulosis: Fine needle aspiration biopsy of an unusual ocular lesion
Authors: Challa Bindu S. , Wakely Paul E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectiveHaemoglobin spherulosis (HS) is a rare lesion occurring post‐vitreous haemorrhage that is absent from the cytopathology literature.MethodsWe present the fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy cytological features of a case of HS occurring in a 73‐year‐old woman.ResultsFNA smears of hemorrhagic vitreous fluid showed numerous variably sized smooth glassy spherules ranging from 3‐20 μm. Occasional red cells and a rare lymphocyte were observed, but other cell types were absent. Immunohistochemical staining of a cell block showed diffuse positive staining of spherules with haemoglobin A.ConclusionsHS is a rare lesion that occurs post‐subretinal haemorrhage and may be encountered by pathologists examining ocular cytological specimens.
Local adaptation of switchgrass drives trait relations to yield and differential responses to climate and soil environments
Authors: Ricketts Michael P. , Heckman Robert W. , Fay Philip A. , Matamala Roser , Jastrow Julie D. , Fritschi Felix B. , Bonnette Jason , Juenger Thomas E. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSwitchgrass, a potential biofuel crop, is a genetically diverse species with phenotypic plasticity enabling it to grow in a range of environments. Two primary divergent ecotypes, uplands and lowlands, exhibit trait combinations representative of acquisitive and conservative growth allocation strategies, respectively. Whether these ecotypes respond differently to various types of environmental drivers remains unclear but is crucial to understanding how switchgrass varieties will respond to climate change. We grew two upland, two lowland, and two intermediate/hybrid cultivars of switchgrass at three sites along a latitudinal gradient in the central United States. Over a 4‐year period, we measured plant functional traits and biomass yields and evaluated genotype‐by‐environment (G × E) interaction effects by analyzing switchgrass responses to soil and climate variables. We found substantial evidence of G × E interactions on biomass yield, primarily due to deviations in the response of the southern lowland cultivar Alamo, which produced more biomass in hotter and drier environments relative to other cultivars. While lowland cultivars had the highest potential for yield, their yields were more variable year‐to‐year compared to other cultivars, suggesting greater sensitivity to environmental perturbations. Models comparing soil and climate principal components as explanatory variables revealed soil properties, especially nutrients, to be most effective at predicting switchgrass biomass yield. Also, positive correlations between biomass yield and conservative plant traits, such as high stem mass and tiller height, became stronger at lower latitudes where the climate is hotter and drier, regardless of ecotype. Lowland cultivars, however, showed a greater predisposition to exhibit these conservative traits. These results suggest switchgrass trait allocation trade‐offs that prioritize aboveground biomass production are more tightly associated in hot, dry environments and that lowland cultivars may exhibit a more specialized strategy relative to other cultivars. Altogether, this research provides essential knowledge for improving the viability of switchgrass as a biofuel crop.
Clinical Practice Guidelines for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: The Japan Society of Hepatology 2021 version (5th JSH‐HCC Guidelines)
Authors: Hasegawa Kiyoshi , Takemura Nobuyuki , Yamashita Tatsuya , Watadani Takeyuki , Kaibori Masaki , Kubo Shoji , Shimada Mitsuo , Nagano Hiroaki , Hatano Etsuro , Aikata Hiroshi , Iijima Hiroko , Ueshima Kazuomi , Ohkawa Kazuyoshi , Genda Takuya , Tsuchiya Kaoru , Torimura Takuji , Ikeda Masafumi , Furuse Junji , Akahane Masaaki , Kobayashi Satoshi , Sakurai Hideyuki , Takeda Atsuya , Murakami Takamichi , Motosugi Utaroh , Matsuyama Yutaka , Kudo Masatoshi , Tateishi Ryosuke ,   The committee for Revision of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Tokyo, Japan
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe fifth version of the Clinical Practice Guidelines for Hepatocellular Carcinoma was revised by the Japan Society of Hepatology, according to the methodology of evidence‐based medicine and partly to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system, which was published in October 2021 in Japanese. In addition to surveillance–diagnostic and treatment algorithms, a new algorithm for systemic therapy has been created, as multiple drugs for hepatocellular carcinoma can be currently selected. Here, new or revised algorithms and evidence on which the recommendations are based are described.
Double cancer of primary hepatic angiosarcoma and hepatocellular carcinoma treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab
Authors: Yamauchi Yurika , Saeki Issei , Yamasaki Takahiro , Egusa Maho , Nishiyama Natsuko , Fujioka Tsuyoshi , Kawamoto Daiki , Nishimura Tatsuro , Tanabe Norikazu , Oono Takashi , Matsumoto Toshihiko , Ishikawa Tsuyoshi , Marumoto Yoshio , Matsukuma Satoshi , Shindo Yoshitaro , Tokumitsu Yukio , Yoshimine Sota , Murakami Junichi , Tanaka Toshiki , Kimura Sotai , Hoshii Yoshinobu , Hamano Kimikazu , Nagano Hiroaki , Takami Taro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAimPrimary hepatic angiosarcoma (PHA) is extremely rare, and its imaging findings are similar to those of other liver tumors including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we report a case of hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐related HCC followed by PHA that showed remarkable clinical response to atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atezo/Bev) therapy.Case PresentationA 78‐year‐old man with recurrent HCC had a liver tumor with lymphadenopathy. Although considered as HCC recurrence, microscopic examination of the resected liver and lymph node showed PHA. Three months later, a solitary lung nodule was newly detected and subsequently resected. The pathological diagnosis was poorly differentiated HCC. Therefore, the patient was finally diagnosed with double cancer of PHA and HCC. Thereafter, he developed a new liver tumor with lymphadenopathy and received Atezo/Bev therapy. Liver tumor biopsy was carried out before the treatment. The pathological diagnosis was angiosarcoma. The patient showed a partial response after two courses of Atezo/Bev therapy.ConclusionTo our best knowledge, this report is the first case to present HCV‐related HCC followed by PHA and to show that Atezo/Bev therapy is beneficial for PHA.
Zr‐doped SiOC ceramics fibers and the high‐temperature thermal performance
Authors: Li Jing , Rui Jianming , Li Yajing , Qiu Yiyang , Hongli Liu , Tian Hongchun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSilicon‐containing ceramics fibers are ideal candidates for thermal resistance due to their incomparable thermo‐stability and chemical stability. Research into anti‐oxidation behavior of silicon‐containing ceramics through metal elements doping is important for the application in extreme high‐temperature environment. Thus, uniform belts‐like Zr‐doped SiOC ceramics fibers were successfully prepared by electrospinning and polymer‐derived ceramics routine with polycarbosilane (PCS) and zirconium butoxide as precursors. The morphology and dimension of the fibers were conveniently controlled by tuning PCS concentration, types of spinning additives and pyrolysis temperature. The ceramics fibers were composed of SiC, ZrO2 and SiO2 crystals, accompanied with amorphous SimZrnCxOy. The structure and compositions realized the excellent thermal stability above 1300°C and the enhanced flexibility. The obtained fibers maintained ultra‐low thermal conductivity of .038–.053 W/(m·K). Thus, the materials were anticipated to be ideal for the thermal insulation up to 1400°C or higher.