bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Immune responses to citrullinated and homocitrullinated peptides in healthy donors are not restricted to the HLA SE shared allele and can be selected into the memory pool
Authors: Choudhury Ruhul H. , Daniels Ian , Vaghela Poonam , Atabani Suha , Kirk Thomas , Symonds Peter , Cook Katherine W. , Al‐Omari Abdullah , Weston Daisy , Shah Sabaria , Hutchinson David , Paston Samantha J. , Metheringham Rachael L. , Brentville Victoria A. , Durrant Lindy G. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCitrullination and homocitrullination are stress induced post‐translational modifications (siPTMs) which can be recognized by T cells. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from healthy donors and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients were stimulated with nine siPTM‐peptides. CD45RA/CD45RO depletion was employed to determine if peptide‐specific responses are naïve or memory. Human leucocyte antigen (HLA)‐DP4 and HLA‐DR4 transgenic mice were immunized with siPTM‐peptides and immune responses were determined with ex vivo ELISpot assays. The majority (24 out of 25) of healthy donors showed CD4 T cell‐specific proliferation to at least 1 siPTM‐peptide, 19 to 2 siPTM‐peptides, 14 to 3 siPTM‐peptides, 9 to 4 siPTM‐peptides, 6 to 5 siPTM‐peptides and 4 to 6 siPTM‐peptides. More donors responded to Vim28‐49cit (68%) and Bip189‐208cit (75%) compared with Vim415‐433cit (33%). In RA patients, the presentation of citrullinated epitopes is associated with HLA‐SE alleles; however, we witnessed responses in healthy donors who did not express the SE allele. The majority of responding T cells were effector memory cells with a Th1/cytotoxic phenotype. Responses to Vim28‐49cit and Eno241‐260cit originated in the memory pool, while the response to Vim415‐433cit was naïve. In the HLA‐DP4 and HLA‐DR4 transgenic models, Vim28cit generated a memory response. Peptide‐specific T cells were capable of Epstein–Barr virus transformed lymphoblastoid cell line recognition suggesting a link with stress due to infection. These results suggest siPTM‐peptides are presented under conditions of cellular stress and inflammation and drive cytotoxic CD4 T cell responses that aid in the removal of stressed cells. The presentation of such siPTM‐peptides is not restricted to HLA‐SE in both humans and animal models.
Relationship between deep and superficial sensitivity assessments and gait analysis in diabetic foot patients
Authors: Sempere‐Bigorra Mar , Brognara Lorenzo , Julian‐Rochina Iván , Mazzotti Antonio , Cauli Omar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPeripheral neuropathy is a prevalent complication of diabetes that can lead to gait impairment and its adverse consequences. This study explored the potential utility of different parameters of gait analysis using a single sensor unit as a simple tool to detect peripheral neuropathy in 85 diabetic patients (DP) with diabetic foot in whom different somato‐sensitivity tests in the feet were performed. Gait spatiotemporal parameters were examined by sensor inertial measurement placed in the lumbar area, while the superficial sensitivity pathway was assessed by nociception tests and deep sensitivity was examined by light touch‐pressure and vibration sensitivity tests. Correlations between each sensory test and gait parameters were analysed in a logistic regression model in order to assess if gait parameters are associated with two different sensory pathways. Impaired deep sensory pathways were significantly (P < .05) correlated with lower gait speed, reduced cadence, smaller stride length, longer stance periods, and a higher risk of falling on the Tinetti Scale, while all gait parameters were significantly (P < .01) correlated with the superficial sensory pathway. Type 2 diabetics have significantly (P < .05) higher impairment in vibratory sensitivity than type 1 diabetics, and the years with diabetes mellitus (DM) diagnosis have a significant (P < .05) association with reduced vibration sensitivity. These findings indicate relationships between the deep sensory pathway and gait impairments in DP measured by inertial sensors, which could be a useful tool to diagnose gait alterations in DP and to evaluate the effect of treatments to improve gait and thus the risk of falls in diabetic patients.
ChitoHeal gel use on the nasal site for prevention of N95 masks caused pressure injuries: A randomised clinical trial
Authors: Fallahi Fariba , Rafiei Hossein , Rashvand Farnoosh , Aali Ehsan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProlonged use of personal protective equipment can cause pressure injuries on the skin. The current study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of ChitoHeal gel on the nasal site on the prevention of N 95 masks that caused pressure injuries in nurses working in intensive care units. This is a randomised controlled clinical trial that was conducted in 2022. The study sample consisted of 92 nurses working in the intensive care units. A randomised block method was used to allocate the nurses to two equal groups of intervention and control. However, in the intervention group, ChitoHeal gel was applied on nurses' nose bridge. To perform this, the researcher referred to the department during the morning and evening shifts and applied the gel on nurses' nose bridge at the beginning of each shift. Then, the N95 mask was installed on the face by the nurse. Before and at the end of each work shift, the skin in both groups was assessed for any signs of pressure injuries. No significant differences were observed between the two intervention and control groups in terms of demographic variables. The frequency distribution of mask‐caused pressure injuries on nurses' nose bridge in the two groups was analysed using the Chi‐square test (Fisher's exact test). The results showed that after the intervention, it was 0 in the intervention group. However, 4 nurses (8.6%) in the control group developed pressure injuries, and this difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P > .05). The result of the current study showed that the use of ChitoHeal gel is effective in preventing N95 mask‐related pressure injuries. Considering the cheapness and rational global availability of this gel, it seems that its use is an effective strategy in order to prevent N95 mask‐related pressure injuries. Given the lack of studies in this regard, similar studies are strongly recommended to be conducted.
The effect of mobile‐assisted learning in real language attainment: A systematic review
Authors: Figueiredo Sandra 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAs more people around the globe become immigrants or refugees, an increasingly popular subsection of research has aimed to investigate how these populations use mobile‐assisted language learning (MALL) to learn the language(s) of the host country.ObjectivesThis study examines how the language learning, inclusion and self‐regulation are moderated by MALL different methods in immigrants and foreigners (with different backgrounds) regarding two settings (foreign language and second language).Materials and methodsWe desired to explore whether MALL results in better language learning for foreigners, refugees and immigrants compared to traditional methods (physical tools) and how various factors affect MALL, such as whether MALL is utilized in a formal versus informal context. Hence, this article conducts a systematic review through a meta‐analysis and thematic analysis of 17 total quantitative and qualitative studies regarding MALL research on immigrants and refugees.Results and ConclusionsOur results suggested that the MALL method is in general beneficial for second or foreign language learning, but with limitations based on the individual learner (motivations, demographics, etc.) and sociocultural factors, especially within informal contexts (e.g. fear of being seen as an immigrant when using a mobile learning app). Considering the variables that affect MALL that we observed and discussed in our review, we suggest more attention to the specific needs and potential issues refugees and immigrants may encounter when using MALL in order to create mobile applications that best aid this population in learning the host country's language(s), thus making resettlement an easier process.
The impact of artificial intelligence design on pricing
Authors: Asker John , Fershtman Chaim , Pakes Ariel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe behavior of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms is shaped by how they learn about their environment. We compare the prices generated by AIs that use different learning protocols when there is market interaction. Asynchronous learning occurs when the AI only learns about the return from the action it took. Synchronous learning occurs when the AI conducts counterfactuals to learn about the returns it would have earned had it taken an alternative action. The two lead to markedly different market prices. When future profits are not given positive weight by the AI, (perfect) synchronous updating leads to competitive pricing, while asynchronous can lead to pricing close to monopoly levels. We investigate how this result varies when either counterfactuals can only be calculated imperfectly and/or when the AI places a weight on future profits. Lastly, we investigate performance differences between offline and online play.
Effectiveness of a web‐based partnership support program for preventing decline in the quality of life of male patients undergoing infertility treatment: A quasi‐experimental study
Authors: Asazawa Kyoko , Jitsuzaki Mina , Mori Akiko , Ichikawa Tomohiko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimDuring infertility treatment, distress increases and the quality of life declines in both men and women over time. Thus, both men and women need equal support and care. In this study, we aimed to explore the effectiveness of a web‐based partnership support program in preventing quality of life deterioration and reducing emotional distress in men undergoing infertility treatment.MethodsWe conducted a non‐randomized controlled trial involving 151 infertile couples in Japan from January to April of 2022. The program consisted of couple discussion, information provision for couple cooperation, and communication techniques. We used a quasi‐experimental design (non‐equivalence two groups pre‐test and post‐test with comparison) involving purposive sampling. Data were collected using the FertiQoL tool and Distress scales. Analyses were conducted by a two‐way factorial analysis of variance using SPSS software.ResultsData for the analysis were included for the intervention group (n = 58) and the control group (n = 62) (valid response rate 79.5%). There were no significant interaction effects between program and time in the FertiQoL and Distress scales. However, there were significant interaction effects between program and time in the Relational (p < .001) and Social (p = .044) subscales. Subgroup analysis showed that in the non‐assisted reproductive technologies group, deterioration in the quality of life was more effectively prevented in the intervention group than in the control group.ConclusionsThe web‐based partnership support program appeared to be effective in preventing the deterioration of the quality of life of only men undergoing non‐assisted reproductive technology treatment.
Creating the optimal preoperative nutritional status for neonates undergoing cardiac surgery by implementing a preoperative nutritional support plan
Authors: Zhang Qi‐Liang , Zhou Si‐Jia , Chen Xiu‐Hua , Cao Hua , Chen Qiang 
Published: April 2023

AimThe purpose of this study was to explore the effect of a preoperative nutritional support programme on improving preoperative nutritional status and promoting postoperative recovery in neonates undergoing cardiac surgery.MethodsThe clinical data of neonates undergoing cardiac surgery who received preoperative nutritional support therapy in our hospital from March 2021 to December 2021 were collected, and the clinical data of neonates undergoing cardiac surgery who did not receive preoperative nutritional support therapy in our hospital from February 2020 to February 2021 were selected as the control. The nutritional status and postoperative recovery of the two groups were compared.ResultsA total of 30 neonates who received nutritional support before cardiac surgery were included in this study. A total of 28 neonates who did not receive nutritional support before cardiac surgery were included in the control group. There were no significant differences in general information or the nutritional status at birth between the two groups. The duration of nutritional support in the intervention group was 16.8 ± 7.1 days. Before the operation, the intervention group was significantly better than the control group in terms of body weight, albumin, prealbumin and haemoglobin, which indicated that the nutritional status of the intervention group was better than that of the control group. The intensive care time, ventilator time and hospital stay time in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the control group.ConclusionNutritional support plans after birth for neonates with severe congenital heart disease can effectively improve the nutritional status of patients before surgery and accelerate the speed of postoperative recovery.
Comparative proteome profile of ungerminated spores and mycelium of the fungus Moniliophthora roreri, causal agent of frosty pod rot disease in cacao
Authors: Zugaib Maria , Gramacho Karina Peres , Mares Joise Hander , Camillo Luciana Rodrigues , Ocampo Irma Yuliana Mora , Arevalo‐Gardini Enrique , de Sousa Aurizangela Oliveira , Santos Ariana Silva , de Andrade Edson Mário , Lopes Ícaro Santos , Aguiar Eric Roberto Guimarães Rocha , Pirovani Carlos Priminho 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMoniliasis caused by the fungus Moniliophthora roreri is one of the most destructive cacao diseases in tropical America. In 2021, the presence of the pathogen was confirmed in cacao plantations in Brazil. This is the first proteomic study of the M. roreri protein profile of ungerminated spores and mycelium compared by 2D SDS‐PAGE (Two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis) associated with mass spectrometry. A total of 446 spots were detected on ungerminated spores gels and 402 spots on M. roreri mycelial gels. A total of 29 proteins were identified from the ungerminated spores, 21 of them were exclusive, and 53 were identified in the mycelium, 16 of them were exclusive. Most of the identified proteins at both development stages were categorized as being involved in metabolic processes, reduction/oxidation processes, and protein synthesis and folding. The interaction networks observed expand the known interactions of these proteins, resulting in eight functional clusters for proteins identified in ungerminated spores and seven clusters for mycelial proteins. In addition, a biological model of ungerminated spores and mycelium with cell location of proteins was constructed. The results contribute to a better understanding of the metabolic mechanisms of M. roreri during dormancy and vegetative development, which can support future studies for strategies to control moniliasis.
Calcitriol combined with fish oil in the diet of Chukar partridge can ameliorate laying performance by improving oviduct histomorphometry and functions
Authors: Abdollahi Arman , Akhlaghi Amir , Zamiri Mohammad Javad , Kargar Shahryar , Ansari Pirsaraei Zarbakht , Nasrollahi Banafsheh , Kamali Younes 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe effects of calcitriol (CT) and/or fish oil (FO) on performance, oviposition time, sex ratio and morphology of the reproductive system of laying Chukar partridges were studied. Female (n = 48) and male (n = 16) partridges were used in a completely randomised design using a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement and were randomly allocated to either of four experimental treatments with four cage replicates of three females and one male each. Female birds received no FO (CON − FO) or were orally administered with 0.2 mL (0.24 g)/500 g body weight FO (CON + FO) or 0.2 mL solution containing 10 µg CT (CT − FO), or their combination (CT + FO) for 42 successive days. The eggs were collected every two hours between 07:00 and 23:00 h. Administering FO along with CT had considerably increasing effect on the male‐biased sex ratio. FO and CT administration interacted to increase serum calcium concentration. Experimental treatments increased the number of leucocytes and erythrocytes. Serum cholesterol was decreased in CON + FO partridges compared with those of the CT − FO and CON − FO birds. There was an interaction between FO and CT on the weight of eggs and hatchlings, number of medium white follicles, diameter and the number of small yellow follicles, the weight and diameter of the fifth follicles (F5), and thickness of secondary mucosal folds in both uterus and vagina. Administering CT alone or with FO increased the feed intake, egg production, oviductal weight, diameter and number of large yellow follicles, the weight and diameter of the second (F2) and first (F1) follicles compared with those of the CON – FO females. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms by which such changes in the sex ratio skew, ovary and oviduct are mediated.
Evaluation of a snail trap prototype for monitoring the intermediate gastropod hosts of Bolbophorus spp. in commercial catfish ponds of the southeastern United States
Authors: Richardson Bradley M. , Reifers J. Grant , Walker Charles M. , Byars Todd S. , Mischke Charles C. , Griffin Matt J. , Wise David J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBolbophorus damnificus is a digenetic trematode causing significant economic losses within the United States commercial catfish industry. The indirect life cycle is complex, requiring piscivorous birds, aquatic snails, and fish to complete. With federal protections on many piscivorous birds and no FDA‐approved therapeutic treatment for trematode infections in fish, management within the catfish industry is primarily limited to controlling the snail host. Planorbella trivolvis and Biomphalaria havanensis are snails commonly found in commercial catfish ponds and known to transmit B. damnificus. This study evaluated a low‐cost snail trap prototype for monitoring populations of these snails in efforts to better inform treatment regimes. Snail traps were deployed into ponds on a commercial catfish farm and checked weekly throughout the production season. All snails were identified and counted to evaluate trap efficacy. Traps captured significantly more snails in foodfish ponds than in fingerling ponds; however, this trend was not present in monthly box samples. B. havanensis was rarely collected and was only found consistently within one pond, while P. trivolvis was routinely collected from all ponds, although abundance varied widely among ponds. Snail traps could be a useful, low‐cost method to monitor snail populations within ponds and better inform control treatments.
Football, Mysticism, Thomistic Poetics
Authors: Belleza Jose Isidro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis essay will especially consider the role of the cogitative power and affectivity in the formation of vocal utterances, showing how the Thomistic account of the integration of passion with reason provides a fascinating apparatus for assessing different uses of language—from the Eucharistic hymns of Aquinas, to the poetry of his Franciscan contemporaries Bonaventure and Iacopone da Todi, and even live sports commentary. The insights developed here, moreover, are not stand‐alone reflections on language but hold consequences both for the moral life and for a proper construal of mystical union. By drawing out these further consequences of Aquinas's doctrine, we suggest the continuing relevance of Thomistic metaphysics and anthropology to concerns both contemporary and popular.
The effects of a sensory stimulation intervention for preventing delirium in a surgical intensive care unit: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Liang Surui , Chau Janita Pak Chun , Lo Suzanne Hoi Shan , Choi Kai Chow , Bai Liping , Cai Wenzhi 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite extensive efforts and advances in developing and fostering evidence‐based delirium prevention interventions, the incidence of delirium remains high in hospitalized patients. Evidence suggests that sensory stimulation is a core component in interventions to prevent delirium among critically ill patients. However, its impact on the occurrence and outcomes of delirium is poorly understood.AimTo evaluate the effects of a sensory stimulation intervention on preventing delirium in a surgical intensive care unit (ICU).Study DesignA prospective, assessor‐blind, parallel‐group randomized controlled trial. Adult patients were recruited from a surgical ICU of one tertiary hospital in Guangzhou, China. Participants in the intervention group received a daily 30‐min auditory and visual stimulation session for a week, taking into consideration the participants' predefined condition and intervention protocol. The primary outcomes were delirium incidence and delirium‐free days, and the secondary outcomes were delirium duration, severity and the first occurrence of delirium. Demographic and clinical data were collected at recruitment, and delirium was assessed three times a day for seven consecutive days using Confusion Assessment‐ICU.ResultsOne hundred and fifty‐two participants were randomly assigned to intervention or control groups. For primary outcomes, there were fewer patients with delirium in the intervention group than in the control group (10 vs. 19, risk ratio = 0.53), although statistical significance was not reached. The result showed that there were longer delirium‐free days among participants in the intervention group than in the control group (3.66 vs. 2.84, p = .019). For secondary outcomes, the intervention could significantly reduce delirium duration (1.70 ± 0.82 vs. 4.53 ± 2.74 days, p = .004) and delirium severity (3.70 ± 1.25 vs. 5.68 ± 1.57, p = .002). The Kaplan–Meier curve showed the intervention group had a significantly delayed first occurrence of delirium compared with the control group (p = .043).ConclusionsThe study did not provide significant evidence to support that sensory stimulation could reduce the incidence of delirium, but significant difference on delirium‐free days.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThis study provides evidence‐based practice for clinical healthcare providers to adopt the sensory stimulation protocol to prevent delirium, significantly reducing delirium duration and severity.
Aristotle on unity in Metaphysics Z.12 and H.6
Authors: Peramatzis Michail 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAristotle's inquiry into the definitional question “what is substance?” in the central books of the Metaphysics is constrained by the unity requirement. Roughly, a particular hylomorphic compound substance, such as this human, ought to be a unified whole and not just a heap of material parts and form. A similar claim applies to the substance‐kind, human, which Metaphysics ΖΗΘ characterises as a hylomorphic compound taken universally. I raise the following question about this picture of unity: Is a compound's unity basic or is it derived from the form's unity? Reading closely Metaphysics Z.12 and H.6, I argue that the form is explanatorily basic for the compound's unity.