bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efektifitas Pemanfaatan Barang Bekas Sebagai Media Untuk Mengembangkan Kreativitas Anak Usia 4 – 5 Tahun
Authors: Haryati Haryati , Rochmawati Nur Intan , Iman Nurul 
Published: September 2023

Abstract: This study aims to analyze the use of file items as a learning medium to develop the creativity of children aged 4-5 years. This type of research is a quantitative research design Pres Experimentak Desaigns, namely one Shot Case Study. The study sample consisted of 60 children in RA Al Ma'arif Jambu. Data mining techniques with interviews, observations, documentation and tests. Data analysis techniques include normality test, homogeneity, Independent Sample T-Test, Mann-Whitney U Test. The results of the study that the t-count value was 4.783 > tcount 2.093, and the sig value was 0.000 < 0.05 so that it can be concluded that there is a difference in the average results of the post-test percentage results between the experimental class and the control class. The average score of the experimental class using used children's creativity got a score of 92 and in the conventional learning control class got a score of 80.25. Thus, experimental classes with used media can be more effectively used to improve and develop children's creativity in RA Al Ma'arif Jambu.Key Words: Utilization of Used Goods as Media, Creativity for Children Aged 4-5 Years Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pemanfaatan barang berkas sebagai media pembelajaran untuk mengembangkan Kreatifitas Anak Usia 4 - 5 Tahun. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif design Pres Experimentak Desaigns yaitu one Shot Case Study. Sampel penelitian terdari 60 anak di RA Al Ma`arif Jambu. Teknik penggalian data dengan wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi dan tes. Teknik analisis data meliputi uji normalitas, homogenitas, uji Independent Sample T-Test, Uji Mann-Whitney U Test. Hasil penelitian bahwa nilai t-hitung 4,783 > thitung 2,093, dan nilai sig 0,000 < 0.05 sehingga dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada perbedaan hasil rata-ratanya hasil prosentase post-test antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Nilai rata rata kelas eksperimen yang menggunakan barang bekas kreativitas anak mendapat nilai sebesar 92 dan pada kelas kontrol pembelajaran menggunakan konvensional mendapat nilai 80,25. dengan demikian maka kelas eksperimen dengan media barang bekas lebih efektif dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan dan mengembangkan kreatifitas anak di RA Al Ma`arif Jambu.Kata Kunci: Pemanfaatan Barang Bekas Sebagai Media, Kreativitas Anak Usia 4 – 5 Tahun
Analisis Pengaruh Perendaman Asap Cair dan NaOH terhadap Serat Daun Suji Dengan Perendaman Serat 15%, 20 % dan 25 % Pada Pengaplikasian Panel Panjat Dinding
Authors: Kirana Naca , Yuliyanto Yuliyanto , Pranandita Nanda 
Published: September 2023

Daun suji merupakan salah satu material baru yang mampu membentuk serat alami. Serat daun suji merupakan serat yang diperoleh dari daun suji. Serat daun suji adalah salah satu material baru yang bisa dibuat menjadi material komposit. Tujuan pada penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh perendaman serat daun terhadap asap cair dan NaOH dengan fraksi volume serat 15 %, 20% dan 25 %, orientasi sudut (0°) dan waktu perendaman 1 jam, 2 jam dan 3 jam. Pembuatan komposit menggunakan metode hand-lay up. Pengambilan sampel mengunakan metode full faktorial. Hasil pengujian lentur tertinggi pada perendaman asap cair sebesar 48,23 Mpa pada persentase serat 25 % dengan waktu perendaman 1 jam. Artinya semakin lama proses perendaman daun suji dengan asap cair akan menurunkan kekuatan lentur. Hasil pengujian lentur tertinggi pada perendaman NaOH sebesar 40,6 Mpa pada persentase serat 20 % dengan waktu perendaman 3 jam. Artinya semakin lama proses perendaman dengan NaOH akan menaikan kekuatan lentur. Berdasarkan standar BSAPI dari hasil pengujian lentur, hasil yang didapat pada penelitian ini tidak bisa digunakan untuk pembuatan panel panjat dinding karena belum memenuhi ketentuan yaitu sebesar 112,8 Mpa, tetapi untuk pembuatan material lain seperti dashboard mobil yang memiliki jenis bahan plastik ABS High Impact adalah 37-76 MPa.
UUD 1945 Sebagai Konstitusi Normatif (Pembatasan Masa Jabatan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden)
Authors: Ferdinandus Leonard Umbu Saingu 
Published: September 2023

This paper will identify (or diagnose) the problem of extending the term of office of the president and vice president in the normative constitutional concept. To overcome this problem, this article argues that we need to be a nation that is more obedient to the constitution, which restrictively stipulates that the President and Vice President only hold office for five years and can be re-elected for one more term. Based on these provisions, it should be noted that the constitution of the Constitution is a normative constitution which then gave birth to teachings or ideas of limited power in casu restrictions on the powers of the president and/or vice president.
Keywords: Constitutionalism, Term of Office.
PENGGUNAAN SENJATA KIMIA OLEH SURIAH DIKAITKAN DENGAN KONVENSI INTERNASIONAL
Authors: Shenny Shenny , Wahyuni Lutfiyana Dewi , Fatwa Sarah , Triana Syafina Ramadhanti , Putra Rivan Mandala , Antoni Herli 
Published: September 2023

This research uses a doctrinal approach based on international agreements and international conventions that aim to provide an understanding of the civil war in Syria that is linked to international conventions. The UN Security Council uses regulations to punish those who use chlorine, one of which is in the civil war, because it is related to article VII of the UN Charter. The provisions governing civil war are set forth in article 3 Kof the 1949 Jenewa convention. The Geneva Conventions and additional protocols are aimed at protecting the enemy. Syria must take responsibility for a civil war in which the United Nations as an international organization plays a role in ensuring world peace, the ICRC carries out protection and humanitarian assistance, and the international court plays a role in prosecuting war crimes and crimes against humanity. In relation to article 146 of the IV Geneva Convention which means that everyone who has been proven to have committed an offense categorized as a gross human rights violation must be tried using the national re of his country to ensure legal certainty and provide justice to the victims affected.
Keywords: War, Chemical Weapons, Syria, Convention
KEKERASAN VERBAL DAN NON-VERBAL YANG DILAKUKAN SECARA KOLEKTIF DITINJAU DARI PERSPEKTIF KRIMINOLOGI
Authors: Alam Dippo 
Published: September 2023

Crime in its simplest form can take the form of verbal and non-verbal violence. Verbal and non-verbal violence are often to be carried out collectively, and people who experience verbal or non-verbal violence to be hurt inside. Especially when the victims are children. The problem is why the verbal and non-verbal violence that was carried out collectively received less attention from law enforcement officials? Furthermore, what about the strategy to minimize verbal and non-verbal violence that is carried out collectively in society. This research is a qualitative research model with a normative juridical type by observing, studying, and considering various norms, proper behavior that lives and is practiced in society, as well as theories in criminology and various legal rules that apply in Indonesia, regarding these matters. Verbal and non-verbal violence, especially those carried out collectively, can be reported to law enforcement officials, but given that most of the sentences are under five years in prison, the resolution of this case is in the form of restorative justice, such mediation for peace takes place. In cases of verbal and non-verbal violence, the police encourage the perpetrators and victims to reconcile, because of the short sentence, psychological damage which is difficult to measure the level of loss. Strategies to minimize verbal and non-verbal violence are abandon the styles of language and behavior that ignite those verbal and non-verbal violence in everyday interactions and start humanist communication, which can be taught in early age.
Keywords: criminology, verbal violence, non-verbal violence
Using auditory texture statistics for domain-neutral removal of background sounds
Authors: Alishbayli Artoghrul , Schlegel Noah J. , Englitz Bernhard 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionHuman communication often occurs under adverse acoustical conditions, where speech signals mix with interfering background noise. A substantial fraction of interfering noise can be characterized by a limited set of statistics and has been referred to as auditory textures. Recent research in neuroscience has demonstrated that humans and animals utilize these statistics for recognizing, classifying, and suppressing textural sounds.MethodsHere, we propose a fast, domain-free noise suppression method exploiting the stationarity and spectral similarity of sound sources that make up sound textures, termed Statistical Sound Filtering (SSF). SSF represents a library of spectrotemporal features of the background noise and then compares this against instants in speech-noise-mixtures to subtract contributions that are statistically consistent with the interfering noise.ResultsWe evaluated the performance of SSF using multiple quality measures and human listeners on the standard TIMIT corpus of speech utterances. SSF improved the sound quality across all performance metrics, capturing different aspects of the sound. Additionally, human participants reported reduced background noise levels as a result of filtering, without any significant damage to speech quality. SSF executes rapidly (~100× real-time) and can be retrained rapidly and continuously in changing acoustic contexts.DiscussionSSF is able to exploit unique aspects of textural noise and therefore, can be integrated into hearing aids where power-efficient, fast, and adaptive training and execution are critical.
Critical review of nuclear power plant carbon emissions
Authors: Liu Bojie , Peng Binbin , Lu Fei , Hu Jiang , Zheng Li , Bo Meifang , Shang Xin , Liu Weiwei , Zhang Yichi , Zhou Xiafei , Jia Pengfei , Liu Gengyuan 
Published: September 2023

Nuclear power plays a crucial role in achieving the target of carbon neutrality to build a sustainable society. However, it is not “carbon-free” when considering its entire life cycle. Therefore, accurate accounting and monitoring of its generated carbon emissions are required to avoid miscalculations of nuclear energy as a clean energy source. In this study, the life-cycle carbon emissions of nuclear power plants (NPPs) with different reactor types are reviewed. In addition to the characteristic differences among different reactors, disparities in the review results originate from the varying emissions at the respective stages of the nuclear fuel cycle, technology choices at each stage and accounting methods and boundaries. The carbon emissions resulting from NPP construction and operation are underestimated due to the limited data and methods, which creates uncertainty in the evaluation of NPP carbon emissions. An integrated framework for carbon emissions accounting considering the construction and operation of NPPs (CACO-NPP) is proposed. This integrated framework aims to improve the accounting accuracy for carbon emissions originating from NPPs. An emerging Generation III NPP with the latest technology, HPR1000 (an advanced pressurized water reactor), was adopted as a case study. The results show that the total emissions resulting from vegetation loss, equipment manufacturing and labor input during construction and operation are 1232.91 Gg CO2 with a carbon intensity of 1.31 g CO2/kWh, indicating the notable mitigation capability of Generation III NPPs. By combining the maturity of HPR1000 technology with successive design improvements, the carbon emissions of such reactor types could be further reduced. This development is very important for realizing China’s carbon neutrality target.
Case report: a novel deep intronic splice-altering variant in DMD as a cause of Becker muscular dystrophy
Authors: Berntsson Shala Ghaderi , Matsson Hans , Kristoffersson Anna , Niemelä Valter , van Duyvenvoorde Hermine A. , Richel-van Assenbergh Cindy , van der Klift Heleen M. , Casar-Borota Olivera , Frykholm Carina , Landtblom Anne-Marie 
Published: September 2023

We present the case of a male patient who was ultimately diagnosed with Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD; MIM# 300376) after the onset of muscle weakness in his teens progressively led to significant walking difficulties in his twenties. A genetic diagnosis was pursued but initial investigation revealed no aberrations in the dystrophin gene (DMD), although immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis suggested the diagnosis of dystrophinopathy. Eventually, after more than 10 years, an RNA analysis captured abnormal splicing where 154 nucleotides from intron 43 were inserted between exon 43 and 44 resulting in a frameshift and a premature stop codon. Normal splicing of the DMD gene was also observed. Additionally, a novel variant c.6291–13537A&gt;G in DMD was confirmed in the genomic DNA of the patient. The predicted function of the variant aligns with the mRNA results. To conclude, we here demonstrate that mRNA analysis can guide the diagnosis of non-coding genetic variants in DMD.
Transcriptome-based analysis of human peripheral blood reveals regulators of immune response in different viral infections
Authors: Ivanov Sergey M. , Tarasova Olga A. , Poroikov Vladimir V. 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionThere are difficulties in creating direct antiviral drugs for all viruses, including new, suddenly arising infections, such as COVID-19. Therefore, pathogenesis-directed therapy is often necessary to treat severe viral infections and comorbidities associated with them. Despite significant differences in the etiopathogenesis of viral diseases, in general, they are associated with significant dysfunction of the immune system. Study of common mechanisms of immune dysfunction caused by different viral infections can help develop novel therapeutic strategies to combat infections and associated comorbidities.MethodsTo identify common mechanisms of immune functions disruption during infection by nine different viruses (cytomegalovirus, Ebstein-Barr virus, human T-cell leukemia virus type 1, Hepatitis B and C viruses, human immunodeficiency virus, Dengue virus, SARS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2), we analyzed the corresponding transcription profiles from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using the originally developed pipeline that include transcriptome data collection, processing, normalization, analysis and search for master regulators of several viral infections. The ten datasets containing transcription data from patients infected by nine viruses and healthy people were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus. The analysis of the data was performed by Genome Enhancer pipeline.ResultsWe revealed common pathways, cellular processes, and master regulators for studied viral infections. We found that all nine viral infections cause immune activation, exhaustion, cell proliferation disruption, and increased susceptibility to apoptosis. Using network analysis, we identified PBMC receptors, representing proteins at the top of signaling pathways that may be responsible for the observed transcriptional changes and maintain the current functional state of cells.DiscussionThe identified relationships between some of them and virus-induced alteration of immune functions are new and have not been found earlier, e.g., receptors for autocrine motility factor, insulin, prolactin, angiotensin II, and immunoglobulin epsilon. Modulation of the identified receptors can be investigated as one of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of severe viral infections.
Effect of fiber type and content on mechanical properties of microbial solidified sand
Authors: Zhang Xiaogang , Zheng Chao , Xiong Kangwei , Yang Kun , Liang Shihua 
Published: September 2023

Fibers are applied to construction works to improve the strength and brittle failure of the soil. In this paper, fibers with a length of 6 mm are added to the microbial cemented sand, and fiber types and content are research variable. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS), permeability coefficient, water absorption rate, dry density, and calcium carbonate precipitation of the solidified sand were tested. The physical and mechanical properties of fiber types and content on the immobilization of microorganisms were also analyzed from the micro–macro perspective. Results are presented as follows. The UCS of the Microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) treated sand increases first and then decreases with the increasing fiber content. This phenomenon is due to the promotion of calcium carbonate precipitation by short fiber reinforcement, the limited movement of the sand particles caused by the formed network between the fibers, and the enhanced strength of the microbial solidified sand. However, the agglomeration caused by additional fibers leads to the uneven distribution of calcium carbonate and the reduction in strength. The optimum fiber contents of polypropylene, glass, polyvinyl alcohol, and basalt fibers are 0.4%, 0.2%, 0.2%, and 0.1%, respectively.
Comparison of bloodstream and non-bloodstream infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the intensive care unit: a 9-year respective study
Authors: Sun Xiangyuan , Zou Xiaocui , Zhou Boting , Yin Tao , Wang Ping 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundBloodstream infections (BSIs) caused by carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) have received much attention. However, few studies have identified risk factors for CRKP BSIs in comparison to CRKP non-bloodstream infections (non-BSIs). This study aimed to compare the epidemiology, risk factors, and outcomes of CRKP BSIs and CRKP non-BSIs.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study of patients infected with CRKP in the ICU from January 2012 to December 2020. Clinical characteristics and outcomes were compared between CRKP BSIs and CRKP non-BSIs. Predictors associated with 28-day all-cause mortality in CRKP-infected patients were also evaluated.Results326 patients infected with CRKP were enrolled, including 96 patients with CRKP BSIs and 230 with CRKP non-BSIs. The rates of CRKP BSIs in CRKP infections were generally raised from 2012 (12.50%) to 2020 (45.76%). Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that the use of carbapenems within the prior 90 days was an independent risk factor for CRKP BSIs (p = 0.019). Compared to CRKP non-BSIs, CRKP isolates in the CRKP BSI group were found to be non-susceptible to more tested carbapenems (p = 0.001). Moreover, the CRKP BSI group exhibited a higher mortality rate (p = 0.036). The non-susceptibility of CRKP isolates to more tested carbapenems (p = 0.025), a high SOFA score (p = 0.000), and the use of antifungal drugs within the prior 90 days (p = 0.018) were significant factors for 28-day all-cause mortality in CRKP-infected patients.ConclusionThe proportion of CRKP BSI increased progressively in CRKP-infected patients over 9 years. The use of carbapenems within the prior 90 days was an independent risk factor for the development of CRKP BSIs. The non-susceptibility of CRKP isolates to more tested carbapenems and a higher mortality rate were found in the CRKP BSI group.
Optimization of pneumonia CT classification model using RepVGG and spatial attention features
Authors: Zhang Qinyi , Shu Jianhua , Chen Chen , Teng Zhaohang , Gu Zongyun , Li Fangfang , Kan Junling 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionPneumonia is a common and widespread infectious disease that seriously affects the life and health of patients. Especially in recent years, the outbreak of COVID-19 has caused a sharp rise in the number of confirmed cases of epidemic spread. Therefore, early detection and treatment of pneumonia are very important. However, the uneven gray distribution and structural intricacy of pneumonia images substantially impair the classification accuracy of pneumonia. In this classification task of COVID-19 and other pneumonia, because there are some commonalities between this pneumonia, even a small gap will lead to the risk of prediction deviation, it is difficult to achieve high classification accuracy by directly using the current network model to optimize the classification model.MethodsConsequently, an optimization method for the CT classification model of COVID-19 based on RepVGG was proposed. In detail, it is made up of two essential modules, feature extraction backbone and spatial attention block, which allows it to extract spatial attention features while retaining the benefits of RepVGG.ResultsThe model’s inference time is significantly reduced, and it shows better learning ability than RepVGG on both the training and validation sets. Compared with the existing advanced network models VGG-16, ResNet-50, GoogleNet, ViT, AlexNet, MobileViT, ConvNeXt, ShuffleNet, and RepVGG_b0, our model has demonstrated the best performance in a lot of indicators. In testing, it achieved an accuracy of 0.951, an F1 score of 0.952, and a Youden index of 0.902.DiscussionOverall, multiple experiments on the large dataset of SARS-CoV-2 CT-scan dataset reveal that this method outperforms most basic models in terms of classification and screening of COVID-19 CT, and has a significant reference value. Simultaneously, in the inspection experiment, this method outperformed other networks with residual structures.
Acute kidney injury in patients with COVID-19 compared to those with influenza: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Hsiao Chiu-Ying , Pan Heng-Chih , Wu Vin-Cent , Su Ching-Chun , Yeh Tzu-Hsuan , Chuang Min-Hsiang , Tu Kuan-Chieh , Wang Hsien-Yi , Kan Wei-Chih , Yang Chun-Chi , Chen Jui-Yi 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundCOVID-19 and influenza can both lead to acute kidney injury (AKI) as a common complication. However, no meta-analysis has been conducted to directly compare the incidence of AKI between hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and influenza. The objective of our study aims to investigate the incidence and outcomes of AKI among hospitalized patients between these two groups.Materials and methodsA systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases was conducted from December 2019 to August 2023 to identify studies examining AKI and clinical outcomes among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and influenza. The primary outcome of interest was the incidence of AKI, while secondary outcomes included in-hospital mortality, recovery from AKI, hospital and ICU stay duration. The quality of evidence was evaluated using Cochrane and GRADE methods.ResultsTwelve retrospective cohort studies, involving 17,618 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and influenza, were analyzed. COVID-19 patients showed higher AKI incidence (29.37% vs. 20.98%, OR: 1.67, 95% CI 1.56–1.80, p &lt; 0.01, I2 = 92.42%), and in-hospital mortality (30.95% vs. 5.51%, OR: 8.16, 95% CI 6.17–10.80, p &lt; 0.01, I2 = 84.92%) compared to influenza patients with AKI. Recovery from AKI was lower in COVID-19 patients (57.02% vs., 80.23%, OR: 0.33, 95% CI 0.27–0.40, p &lt; 0.01, I2 = 85.17%). COVID-19 patients also had a longer hospital stay (SMD: 0.69, 95% CI 0.65–0.72, p &lt; 0.01, I2 = 98.94%) and longer ICU stay (SMD: 0.61, 95% CI 0.50–0.73, p &lt; 0.01, I2 = 94.80%) than influenza patients. In our study, evidence quality was high (NOS score 7–9), with low certainty for AKI incidence and moderate certainty for recovery form AKI by GRADE assessment.ConclusionCOVID-19 patients had higher risk of developing AKI, experiencing in-hospital mortality, and enduring prolonged hospital/ICU stays in comparison to influenza patients. Additionally, the likelihood of AKI recovery was lower among COVID-19 patients.