bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
E. coli Nissle 1917 ameliorates mitochondrial injury of granulosa cells in polycystic ovary syndrome through promoting gut immune factor IL-22 via gut microbiota and microbial metabolism
Authors: Luo Man , Chen Yuanyuan , Pan Xiangyang , Chen Hongmei , Fan Lang , Wen Yi 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveGut microbiota and its metabolites have regulatory effects on PCOS related ovarian dysfunction and insulin resistance. Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) is a genetically controlled probiotic with an excellent human safety record for improving gut microbiome metabolic disorders and immune system disorders. Here we focused to explore the application and effect of probiotic EcN on the gut microbiota-metabolism-IL-22-mitochondrial damage axis in PCOS.MethodsPCOS mice were constructed with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and treated with EcN, FMT or IL-22 inhibitors. Clinically control and PCOS subjects were included for further analysis. Serum and follicular fluid supernatant levels of sex hormones, insulin, glucose, cholesterol, and inflammatory factors were detected by ELISA and biochemical reagents. The pathological changes of ovarian tissues were observed by HE staining. The JC-1 level and COX4 gene expression in granulosa cells was detected by ELISA and RT-qPCR. The expressions of progesterone receptor A (PR-A), LC3II/I, Beclin1, p62 and CytC were detected by western blot. The number of autophagosomes in granulosa cells was observed by electron microscopy. 16S rRNA and LC-MS/MS were used to analyze the changes of gut microbiota and metabolism.ResultsEcN promoted the recovery of sex hormone levels and ovarian tissue morphology, promoted the expression of IL-22, COX4 and PR-A in granulosa cells, and inhibited mitophagy in PCOS mice. EcN decreased the number of gut microbiota, and significantly increased the abundance of Adlercreutzia, Allobaculum, Escherichia-Shigella and Ileibacterium in PCOS mice. EcN improved metabolic disorders in PCOS mice by improving Amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism pathways. IL-22 was positively associated with Ileibacterium, Adlercreutzia and Progesterone, negatively associated with RF39, Luteinizing hormone, Testosterone, N−Acetylglucosamin, L−Fucose and N−Acetylmannosamin. FMT reconfirmed that EcN ameliorated mitochondrial damage in granulosa cells of PCOS mice by gut microbiota, but this process was blocked by IL-22 inhibitor. Clinical trials have further demonstrated reduced IL-22 levels and mitochondrial damage in granulosa cells in PCOS patients.ConclusionEcN improved IL-22 level and mitochondrial damage of granulosa cells in PCOS mice by promoting the recovery of sex hormone levels and ovarian tissue morphology, inhibiting the amount of gut microbiota, and promoting amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism.
Enhancing immune protection against MERS-CoV: the synergistic effect of proteolytic cleavage sites and the fusion peptide and RBD domain targeting VLP immunization
Authors: Oh Jeein , Park Uni , Kim Juhyung , Jeon Kyeongseok , Kim Chulwoo , Cho Nam-Hyuk , Choi Youn Soo 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionThe Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is a zoonotic infectious virus that has caused significant outbreaks in the Middle East and beyond. Due to a highly mortality rate, easy transmission, and rapid spread of the MERS-CoV, it remains as a significant public health treat. There is currently no licensed vaccine available to protect against MERS-CoV.MethodsIn this study, we investigated whether the proteolytic cleavage sites and fusion peptide domain of the MERS-CoV spike (S) protein could be a vaccine target to elicit the MERS-CoV S protein-specific antibody responses and confer immune protection against MERS-CoV infection. Our results demonstrate that immunization of the proteolytic cleavage sites and the fusion peptide domain using virus-like particle (VLP) induced the MERS-CoV S protein-specific IgG antibodies with capacity to neutralize pseudotyped MERS-CoV infection in vitro. Moreover, proteolytic cleavage sites and the fusion peptide VLP immunization showed a synergistic effect on the immune protection against MERS-CoV infection elicited by immunization with VLP expressing the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the S protein. Additionally, immune evasion of MERS-CoV RBD variants from anti-RBD sera was significantly controlled by anti-proteolytic cleavage sites and the fusion peptide sera.Conclusion and discussionOur study demonstrates the potential of VLP immunization targeting the proteolytic cleavage sites and the fusion peptide and RBD domains of the MERS-CoV S protein for the development of effective treatments and vaccines against MERS-CoV and related variants.
A multicenter study on the quantification of liver iron concentration in thalassemia patients by means of the MRI T2* technique
Authors: Xu Fengming , Peng Yuzhao , Xie Hanhong , Liang Bumin , Yang Gaohui , Zhao Fanyu , Liu Yu , Peng Peng 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility and accuracy of quantifying liver iron concentration (LIC) in patients with thalassemia (TM) using 1.5T and 3T T2* MRI.Methods1.5T MRI T2* values were measured in 391 TM patients from three medical centers: the T2* values of the test group were combined with the LIC (LICF) provided by FerriScan to construct the curve equation. In addition, the liver 3T MRI liver T2* data of 55 TM patients were measured as the 3T group: the curve equation of 3T T2* value and LICF was constructed.ResultsBased on the test group LICF (0.6–43 mg/g dw) and the corresponding 1.5T T2* value, the equation was LICF = 37.393T2*∧(−1.22) (R2 = 0.971; P &lt; 0.001). There was no significant difference between LICe − 1.5T and LICF in each validation group (Z = −1.269, −0.977, −1.197; P = 0.204, 0.328, 0.231). There was significant consistency (Kendall's W = 0.991, 0.985, 0.980; all P &lt; 0.001) and high correlation (rs = 0.983, 0.971, 0.960; all P &lt; 0.001) between the two methods. There was no significant difference between the clinical grading results of LICe − 1.5T and LICF in each validation group (χ2 = 3.0, 4.0, 2.0; P = 0.083, 0.135, 0.157), and there was significant consistency between the clinical grading results (Kappa's K = 0.943, 0.891, 0.953; P &lt; 0.001). There was no statistical correlation between the LICF (≥14 mg/g dw) and the 3T T2* value of severe iron overload (P = 0.085). The LICF (2–14 mg/g dw) in mild and moderate iron overload was significantly correlated with the corresponding T2* value (rs = −0.940; P &lt; 0.001). The curve equation constructed from LICF and corresponding 3T T2* values in this range is LICF = 18.463T2*∧(−1.142) (R2 = 0.889; P &lt; 0.001). There was no significant difference between LICF and LICe − 3T in the mild to moderate range (Z = −0.523; P = 0.601), and there was a significant correlation (rs = 0.940; P &lt; 0.001) and significant consistency (Kendall's W = 0.970; P = 0.008) between them. LICe − 3T had high diagnostic efficiency in the diagnosis of severe, moderate, and mild liver iron overload (specificity = 1.000, 0.909; sensitivity = 0.972, 1.000).ConclusionThe liver iron concentration can be accurately quantified based on the 1.5T T2* value of the liver and the specific LIC-T2* curve equation. 3T T2* technology can accurately quantify mild-to-moderate LIC, but it is not recommended to use 3T T2* technology to quantify higher iron concentrations.
The impact of wearing a KN95 face mask on human brain function: evidence from resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Wu Xiaomeng , Ma Lifei , Yin Qiufeng , Liu Ming , Wu Kyle , Wang Dengbin 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundFace masks are widely used in daily life because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of this study was to explore the impact of wearing face masks on brain functions by using resting-state functional MRI (RS-fMRI).MethodsScanning data from 15 healthy subjects (46.20 ± 6.67 years) were collected in this study. Each subject underwent RS-fMRI scans under two comparative conditions, wearing a KN95 mask and natural breathing (no mask). The amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) and functional connectivity under the two conditions were analyzed and then compared using the paired t-test.ResultsCompared with those of the no-mask condition, the ALFF activities when wearing masks were increased significantly in the right middle frontal gyrus, bilateral precuneus, right superior marginal gyrus, left inferior parietal gyrus, and left supplementary motor area and decreased significantly in the anterior cingulate gyrus, right fusiform gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, bilateral lingual gyrus, and bilateral calcarine cortex (p &lt; 0.05). Taking the posterior cingulate cortex area as a seed point, the correlations with the occipital cortex, prefrontal lobe, and motor sensory cortex were sensitive to wearing masks compared with not wearing masks (p &lt; 0.05). Taking the medial prefrontal cortex region as a seed point, the functional connectivity with the bilateral temporal lobe, bilateral motor sensory cortex, and occipital lobe was influenced by wearing a KN95 mask (p &lt; 0.05).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that wearing a KN95 face mask can cause short-term changes in human resting brain function. Both local neural activities and functional connectivity in brain regions were sensitive to mask wearing. However, the neural mechanism causing these changes and its impact on cognitive function still need further investigation.
Case Report: A tortuous diagnosis and successful multimodal treatment of thyroid follicular carcinoma with pelvic metastasis
Authors: Hong Zhi-Liang , Huang Hai-Jian , Chen Sheng , Yang Jian-Chuan , Wu Song-Song 
Published: May 2023

PurposeTo provide reference method for the treatment of thyroid follicular carcinoma by studing the clinical imaging, pathological features and multimodal treatment of a case of thyroid follicular carcinoma with bone metastasis.MethodsBy identifying the case’s clinical, imaging, pathological features of a case of thyroid follicular carcinoma with bone metastasis, reflecting on the case’s diagnosis and treatment process, and referring to literature about the characteristics of thyroid follicular carcinoma, the study aims to provide reference for the treatment of this kind of disease.ResultA 67-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital with clinical symptoms of left pelvic pain. The biopsy pathology showed well-differentiated thyroid tissue. Considering his medical history, conclusion of thyroid follicular carcinoma metastasis could be made.The patient was stable and no tumor progression was observed after a combination of therapies including 131I and topical and targeted agents.ConclusionsThyroid follicular carcinoma are prone to bone metastasis, and bone metastasis is the first symptom in some cases. Clinical imaging and pathology are needed for correct diagnosis, and a successful treatment requires a combination of multiple approaches including 131I, which is a Radioactive Iodine Therapy(RAI), local therapy and targeted drug therapy.
Hybrid endoscopic-microscopic surgery for dumbbell-shaped trigeminal schwannoma: case report and literature review
Authors: Li Xinning , Han Song , Sun Xiaoyu , Bai Yang , Zhang Qiyan , Feng Sizhe , Liang Guobiao 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe surgery of dumbbell-shaped trigeminal neurinomas (TN) remains one of the most formidable challenges for neurosurgeons because of its location at great depth in the cranium and proximity to vital neurovascular structures.ObjectiveTo describe the feasibility of a novel technique, synchronous endoscopy and microsurgery via combined far-lateral supracerebellar-infratentorial and subtemporal approach, for resection of this rare entity.MethodsA 53-year-old women presented with progressive left facial numbness for 2 months. Imaging examinations revealed a left-sided dumbbell-shaped TN afflicting the middle and posterior cranial fossa, and a single-stage combined multiportal endoscopic microscopic approach was attempted for tumor resection. Initially, a purely endoscopic far-lateral supracerebellar-infratentorial approach was used to remove the posterior fossa component with the aid of tentorium incision. Subsequently, a microsurgical subtemporal interdural approach was performed for the exposure and separation of tumor within the Meckel cave. Finally, the tumor was pushed into the porus trigeminus under microscopy, thus enabling tumor extraction for the supracerebellar space under endoscopy without anterior petrosectomy.ResultsThe patient evolved favorably without additional neurological deficit after surgery, and postoperative imaging showed a complete resection of the tumor.ConclusionWe describe the first account of multi-corridor hybrid surgery for removal of TN in a dumbbell configuration, which enables one-stage total tumor removal with minimal added morbidity. This hybrid technique may be an effective piece of the surgeon’s armamentarium to improve outcomes of patient with complex skull-base lesions. Further studies with larger case numbers are warranted to confirm the prognostic significance of this technique.
Comparison of long-term quality of life based on surgical procedure in patients with rectal cancer
Authors: Yuge Kotaro , Miwa Keisuke , Fujita Fumihiko , Murotani Kenta , Shigaki Takahiro , Yoshida Naohiro , Yoshida Takefumi , Koushi Kenichi , Fujiyoshi Kenji , Nagasu Sachiko , Akagi Yoshito 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionReports on the long-term quality of life (QOL) over 3 years after surgery in patients who have undergone surgery for rectal cancer are limited. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the long-term QOL of patients who underwent high anterior resection (HAR), low anterior resection (LAR), internal sphincter resection (ISR), or abdominoperineal resection (APR) for rectal cancer.MethodsA questionnaire regarding QOL was sent to 360 patients with rectal cancer who underwent curative resection by HAR, LAR, ISR, or APR between January 2005 and December 2015. QOL was assessed using the short-form 36 (SF-36) and modified fecal incontinence QOL (mFIQL) questionnaire. QOL between surgical procedures was analyzed using a multivariate model adjusted for age, sex, and postoperative time.ResultsA total of 144 patients responded with a median follow-up period of 94 months (range 38–233 months). According to surgical procedure, HAR was performed in 26 patients, LAR in 80 patients, ISR in 32 patients, and APR in 6 patients. Patients who underwent HAR had significantly better mFIQL scores than those who underwent LAR and ISR (p=0.013 and p=0004, respectively) and significantly better role/social component summary scores on the SF-36 subscales (p=0.007). No difference was observed in the mFIQL scores between patients who underwent ISR and those who underwent APR (p=0.8423). In addition, postoperative anastomotic leakage sutures did not influence the mFIQL and SF-36 scores after surgery.ConclusionThe QOL of patients who underwent anus-preserving surgery was best in the HAR group, with the QOL of other groups similar to the APR group. These results suggest that anus- preserving surgery is acceptable from a QOL standpoint. However, a colostomy may be a more satisfactory procedure in some patients.
Transanal drainage tube for the prevention of anastomotic leakage after rectal cancer surgery: a meta−analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Xia Shijun , Wu Wenjiang , Ma Lijuan , Luo Lidan , Yu Linchong , Li Yue 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundAnastomotic leakage (AL) is a serious complication of anterior resection for rectal cancer. The use of transanal drainage tubes (TDT) during surgery to prevent AL remains controversial. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to determine the efficacy of TDT in reducing AL.MethodsRelevant data and studies published from inception until November 1, 2022, were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to compare the incidence of AL after anterior resection for rectal cancer with and without TDT.ResultsThis meta-analysis included 5 RCTs comprising 1385 patients. The results showed that the intraoperative use of TDT could not reduce the incidence of AL after rectal cancer surgery (risk ratio [RR], 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.52–1.59; p = 0.75). A subgroup analysis of different degrees of AL revealed that TDT did not reduce the incidence of postoperative grade B AL (RR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.67–2.09; p = 0.56) but decreased the incidence of grade C AL (RR, 0.28; 95% CI: 0.12–0.64; p = 0.003). Further, TDT did not reduce the incidence of AL in patients with rectal cancer and a stoma (RR, 2.40; 95% CI, 1.01–5.71; p = 0.05).ConclusionTDT were ineffective in reducing the overall incidence of AL, but they might be beneficial in reducing the incidence of grade C AL in patients who underwent anterior resection. However, additional multicenter RCTs with larger sample sizes based on unified control standards and TDT indications are warranted to validate these findings.
Impact of Atypical Hyperplasia at Surgical Margins on breast cancer outcomes in patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy
Authors: Su An , Zhang Jing , Liu Jieqiong , Yang Yaping , He Zhou , Bao Haoshi , Deng Heran , Wu Jiannan 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundWomen with atypical hyperplasia (AH) is associated with a higher risk of future breast cancer. However, whether AH found at margins in patients with breast-conserving surgery (BCS) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) needs re-excision is not well-defined. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of AH at the surgical margins on the local recurrence and survival outcomes in breast cancer patients treated with NAC and BCS.MethodsA retrospective analysis comparing patients who treated with NAC and BCS with AH at the margins to those without AH was performed.Results598 patients were included in this study. The 5-year rates of ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) were 4.6% and 6.2% in patients with and without AH, respectively. No significant differences were observed among the two groups in terms of IBTR, DMFS, or OS. HER2 overexpressing breast cancer patients with severe AH at margins have a significantly higher risk of IBTR compared to those without severe AH.ConclusionOur study suggests that the presence of AH at the surgical margins of BCS in patients who received NAC does not appear to increase the risk of ipsilateral breast cancer. Therefore, there is no need for surgeons to routinely perform additional re-excision of AH found at the margins of BCS in these patients. However, selective re-excision should be considered in certain cases, particularly in patients with HER2 overexpression.
Failure pattern and radiotherapy exploration in malignant pleural effusion non-small cell lung cancer treated with targeted therapy
Authors: Li Qingsong , Hu Cheng , Su Shengfa , Ma Zhu , Geng Yichao , Hu Yinxiang , Li Huiqin , Lu Bing 
Published: May 2023

PurposeActionable mutations are common in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)with malignant pleural effusion(MPE)(MPE-NSCLC). The pattern of failure in MPE-NSCLC treated with targeted therapy after MPE control remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the failure pattern of such patients in a cohort study and explore the possibility of radiotherapy.Patients and methodsComputed tomography scans of 86 patients were reviewed in this study. We classified first pattern of failure after MPE control as initial disease sites only (IF), new distant sites only (NF), or IF and NF detected simultaneously (INF). Patients evaluated suitable for radiotherapy after disease progression were divided into two groups: D group without radiotherapy and RD group with radiotherapy. The Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used for survival analyses.ResultsDisease progression after MPE control was observed in 42 patients with complete serial imaging. Median time to any progression was 9.5 months. Rate of the IF, NF and INF were 50%, 17% and 33% for all patients,60%,0% and 40% for patients with MPE recurrence (n=10,23.8%) and 47%, 22% and 31% for patients (n=32,76.2%) without MPE recurrence, respectively. Out of 10 patients(23.8%) with MPE recurrence, 7 patients simultaneous underwent primary tumor progression and 5 MPE were cytologically confirmed in 7 patients with examination. The overall survival (OS )rates at 1, 2, 3 years for the RD group and D group were 88.2%, 50.5%, 21.7% and 80.0%, 20.3%, 0%, respectively; the corresponding MST were 26.1 months and 17.5 months, respectively (χ2 = 4.959, p =0.026)ConclusionsOur data indicates that 50% of patients with actionable mutations MPE- NSCLC after MPE control are likely to fail at their initial sites of disease and the use of radiotherapy may bring OS benefits during the course of their disease. Multicenter RCT is necessary to confirm the result in the future.
Cord blood fatty acid binding protein 4 and lipids in infants born small- or large-for-gestational-age
Authors: Liu Xin , Zheng Tao , Tao Min-Yi , Huang Rong , Zhang Guang-Hui , Yang Meng-Nan , Xu Ya-Jie , Wang Wen-Juan , He Hua , Fang Fang , Dong Yu , Fan Jian-Gao , Zhang Jun , Ouyang Fengxiu , Li Fei , Luo Zhong-Cheng 
Published: May 2023

AimAdverse (poor or excessive) fetal growth “programs” an elevated risk of type 2 diabetes. Fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4) has been implicated in regulating insulin sensitivity and lipid metabolism relevant to fetal growth. We sought to determine whether FABP4 is associated with poor or excessive fetal growth and fetal lipids.MethodsIn a nested case-control study in the Shanghai Birth Cohort including 60 trios of small-for-gestational-age (SGA, an indicator of poor fetal growth), large-for-gestational-age (LGA, an indicator of excessive fetal growth) and optimal-for-gestational-age (OGA, control) infants, we measured cord blood concentrations of FABP4 and lipids [high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterols, triglycerides (TG)].ResultsAdjusting for maternal and neonatal characteristics, higher cord blood FABP4 concentrations were associated with a lower odds of SGA [OR = 0.29 (0.11–0.77) per log unit increment in FABP4, P = 0.01], but were not associated with LGA (P = 0.46). Cord blood FABP4 was positively correlated with both LDL (r = 0.29, P = 0.025) and HDL (r = 0.33, P = 0.01) in LGA infants only.ConclusionFABP4 was inversely associated with the risk of SGA. The study is the first to demonstrate LGA-specific positive correlations of cord blood FABP4 with HDL and LDL cholesterols, suggesting a role of FABP4 in fetal lipid metabolism in subjects with excessive fetal growth.