bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of the prevalence of the use of artificial sweeteners for diabetic patients and awareness of their harms in Damascus Hospital
Authors: Alsuleman Loura , Ghazalah Sarah , Hammoud Taghreed 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background: The importance of the research lies in the fact that it sheds light on an important medical issue, which is the widespread use of artificial sweeteners, especially among diabetics, with the aim of clarifying the risks they carry in addition to their disadvantages, and sensing the amount of awareness among patients of these risks, which allows finding a solution formula that guarantees a diabetic patient a happy and low-morbidity life.
methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Damascus Hospital in the Syrian Arab Republic in the city of Damascus from February 2023 to July 2023. A paper questionnaire was conducted and the files of patients attending the Endocrinology Division in Damascus Hospital were followed up. The study sample included 400 randomly collected cases, and 64 cases were excluded.
Results: The majority of the participants were females (57.1%), and the age group was 42-56 years, with mean of 47 years. In view of diabetes, and as we mentioned above, that (100%) of the respondents had diabetes, the largest percentage was infected from more than ten years, with a second type, which is the most common.
The first of our relationships was about the type of industrial and natural sugar used by the sample groups separately, and the results showed that (46.7%) used saccharin, followed by 25.70% of stevia, and as for the natural sweetener (48.6%) used dates, followed by about (14%) who used natural honey alone. we presented a group of the damages of artificial sweeteners to the sample groups, and we conducted statistics on them to find out the extent to which patients are affected by such damages and how common they are, moving from the nervous system to the digestive, cardiovascular and vascular systems.
Conclusion: Awareness of the harms of artificial sweeteners was little, with a good spread of their negative effects on public health, and we managed to present useful results about the prevalence of artificial and natural sweeteners and the wrong application of them among diabetics in order to find solutions that reduce the severity of the disease and the spread of its negative effects.
Metaverse Neuromarketing: a competitive advantage in the metaverse
Authors: González-Morales PhD Antonio , Muñoz-Leiva PhD Francisco , Martín-López PhD Milagro , Barroso Alejandro Talaminos 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The aim of this article is to explore the potential of neuromarketing in order to improve e-commerce in the metaverse. First, a search was carried out in various databases using the terms metaverse, neuromarketing, marketing and consumer neuroscience. Subsequently, articles that actually dealt with marketing, neuromarketing and metaverse for business were selected and analysed. It was then possible to show how neuromarketing could help the metaverse to improve e-commerce. Neuromarketing can be a neurodiscipline that can help in a very important way in business transactions in the metaverse. It is necessary to review marketing theories in order to apply them to the metaverse and create the Metaverse Marketing. Neuromarketing is a very important tool for this, giving rise to the Metaverse Neuromarketing, it could be a competitive advantage.
Colonialism, Institutional Quality, and the Resource Curse
Authors: Animashaun Jubril , Wossink Ada , Imai Katsushi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper tests the hypotheses that (1) European colonization indirectly hinders the development outcomes, namely GDP per capita growth, by lowering institutional quality and encouraging corruption in colonized oil-rich countries, and (2) better macro institutional quality mitigates the historically-rooted resource curse. We constructed the instrumental variable by categorizing countries based on the evidence of settlers’ mortality and the persistence of European colonial languages as official post-independence languages in oil-rich non-western countries. Also, we isolate the effect of giant oil discoveries with the depth of oil fields because of the plausible relationship with the geological characteristics of oil formation. We estimate a 2-Step GMM model that controls the lagged moments of GDP per capita using the data for 69 countries with at least a discovery of giant oil fields from 1960 to 2015. We show that oil-rich countries without colonial experience have better institutions, which translates to improving GDP per capita and reducing the corruption index. Our findings highlight the importance of historical factors associated with state origin when formulating policies to address the resource curse.
El liderazgo internacional de Colombia y Brasil: Análisis desde la Cooperación Sur-Sur del 2010 al 2018
Authors: Gallo Numpaque William Ferney , Marín Aranguren Erli Margarita 
Published: August 2023

El liderazgo internacional ha sido un elemento clave que los Estados han querido alcanzar para lograr reconocimiento en la estructura internacional. Para ello, se valen de la Cooperación Sur-Sur (CSS), como una modalidad con la cual logran mostrar intereses, temáticas y cooperar. De esta forma logran liderar en áreas donde tienen experticia. El objetivo de esta investigación fue explicar cómo Colombia y Brasil han venido construyendo liderazgo internacional, a través de la CSS. Para ello, se estudió la narrativa de los gobiernos (entre 2010 y 2018) de cada Estado, a la luz del constructivismo social. La metodología fue cualitativa a través de un análisis de discurso, recurriendo a AtlasTi8 para el análisis de la información recolectada en los discursos oficiales y algunos medios de comunicación en lapso de estudio. Como resultado lo que emerge en este trabajo es que Colombia y Brasil han buscado liderazgo internacional recurriendo a la CSS en temas de seguridad, economía y participación en espacios políticos. Esto ha sido posible mediante las ideas, intereses e identidades, las cuales son elementos claves en un contexto determinado. Este artículo revela los hallazgos más relevantes de la investigación.
Palabras clave: Cooperación Sur-Sur; Constructivismo; Liderazgo; Colombia y Brasil
An Overview of Nanotechnological Approaches for the Diagnosis and
Treatment of Allergic Illness
Authors: Sharma Bhupendra , Deshmukh Rohitas 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
Allergies are a major health issue. Allergen avoidance, antihistamines, and corticosteroids do not
treat the pathology's causes, therefore long-term therapy is essential. Long-term allergen-specific immunotherapy
builds immune tolerance to the allergen. Unfortunately, immunotherapies for all allergens are not available,
and adverse reactions during therapy, especially in severely allergic persons, remain a worry. In this regard, cell
and bio- or nanomaterial-based allergy treatments are promising. This overview covers the most important tactics
from these two strategies with examples. Nanotechnology encompasses science, engineering, and technology
at 1-100 nm. Due to their one-of-a-kind characteristics, nanomaterials can be used in healthcare. Small
molecules' chemical and physical properties are modified by the system's size, shape, content, and function.
Toxicity and hypersensitivity reactions need to be evaluated. Regulating the physico-chemical properties of numerous
accessible structures would make clinical diagnosis and therapy safer and more successful. Dendrimeric
antigens, nanoallergens, and nanoparticles can mimic carrier proteins, boost specific IgE binding, and improve
signal detection in allergy diagnosis. In immunotherapy, several allergenic structures like glycodendrimers,
liposomes, polymers, and nanoparticles have been used as adjuvants, protectors, or depots for allergens.
Nanotechnology has the potential to substantially improve both the diagnosis and treatment of allergies.
Amisulpride Decreases Tau Protein Hyperphosphorylation in the Brain of
OXYS Rats
Authors: Molobekova Camilla A. , Kondaurova Elena M. , Ilchibaeva Tatiana V. , Rodnyy Alexander Ya. , Stefanova Natalia A. , Kolosova Nataliya G. , Naumenko Vladimir S. 
Published: August 2023

Aim:
In this study, OXYS rats of three ages (1, 3, and 6 months), a proven model of
Alzheimer’s disease (AD), at various stages of disease progression were used to thoroughly study
the effects of amisulpride on behavior and tau protein phosphorylation.

Background:
With the growing number of patients with AD, the problem of finding a cure is very
acute. Neurodegeneration in AD has various causes, one of which is hyperphosphorylation of tau
protein.

Objective:
This study aimed to investigate whether amisulpride would affect pathological tau phosphorylation
in AD.

Methods:
We assessed the influence of chronic administration of amisulpride (3 weeks, 3 mg/kg
per day, intraperitoneally)-a 5-HT7 receptor inverse agonist-on behavior and tau hyperphosphorylation
in OXYS rats (at ages of 1, 3, and 6 months).

Results:
Chronic administration of amisulpride dramatically decreased tau phosphorylation in the
frontal cortex and hippocampus of 3-month-old OXYS rats. Additionally, in 1- and 3-month-old
rats’ hippocampi, amisulpride diminished the mRNA level of the Cdk5 gene encoding one of the
main tau kinases involved in the 5-HT7 receptor-induced effect on tau phosphorylation.

Conclusion:
Thus, we propose amisulpride to have therapeutic potential against AD and that it can
be the most effective in the early stages of the disease. We found that chronic administration of amisulpride
could reduce pathological tau hyperphosphorylation while reducing anxiety.
Degree Descriptors and Graph Entropy Quantities of Zeolite ACO
Authors: Liu Jia-Bao , Arockiaraj Micheal , Paul Daniel , Clement Joseph , Zhao Xuemei , Tigga Sushil 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Cheminformatics is a fascinating emerging subfield of chemical graph theory that studies quantitative structure-activity and property relationships of molecules and, in turn, uses these to predict the physical and chemical properties, which are extremely useful in drug discovery and optimization. Knowledge discovery can be put to use in pharmaceutical data matching to help in finding promising lead compounds.

Materials and Methods:
Topological descriptors are numerical quantities corresponding to the chemical structures that are used in the study of these phenomena.

Results:
This paper is concerned with developing the generalized analytical expression of topological descriptors for zeolite ACO structures with underlying degree and degree-sum parameters.

Conclusion:
To demonstrate improved discrimination power between the topological descriptors, we have further modified Shannon’s entropy approach and used it to calculate the entropy measures of zeolite ACO structures.
Types of Nursing Intervention on Improving Quality of Life among
Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review
Authors: Alam Agung Samsu , Samiasih Amin , Mubin Mohammad Fatkhul , Pranata Satriya , Dhamanik Reina 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Long-term treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered a major factor causing disease complications. DM complications mostly impact the patient’s quality of life (QoL). Only a few studies have been conducted summarizing the types of nursing interventions for improving the QoL of DM patients.

Objective:
The objective of this study is to explore the types of nursing interventions that can improve the QoL of DM patients

Methods:
The online databases, including ScienceDirect, Medline, Google Search, and Pro-Quest, were used to search for the relevant articles. Articles that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed, and their level of evidence was determined and synthesized.

Results:
A total of 30 articles defining the types of nursing intervention on improving the QoL of DM patients were discovered, comprising the five types of nursing interventions, such as health education (15 articles), exercise (8 articles), WhatsApp/short message service (WA/SMS) gateway (3 articles), blood glucose control (3 articles), and black garlic herbal therapy (1 article).

Conclusion:
Sequentially, the most common types of nursing interventions to improve the QoL of DM patients was health education, followed by exercise, WA/SMS gateway, and glucose control. A personal approach to health education is a significant point in improving the QoL of DM patients in the future. The findings of this study might not be strongly generalized, so further randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies with larger samples are needed.
A Web-Based Total Worker Health Intervention for Those Fighting Wildland Fires: Mixed Methods Development and Effectiveness Trial
Authors: Kuehl Kerry , Elliot Diane , DeFrancesco Carol , McGinnis Wendy , Ek Susanna , Garg Bharti 
Published: August 2023

Background
Fire seasons are longer, with more and larger wildfires, placing increased demands and risks on those fighting wildland fires. There are multiple agencies involved with fighting wildland fires and unique worksite conditions make meeting these workers’ needs a challenge.

Objective
The aim of the study is to develop and establish the effectiveness of a web-based safety and health program for those fighting wildland fires.

Methods
This mixed methods project had 3 phases. The initial qualitative phase assessed the needs of 150 diverse firefighters through interviews and focus groups across 11 US sites to establish and prioritize program content. Interview transcripts were read for thematic content with iterative readings used to identify, code, and rank health and safety issues. The second phase used that information to build a comprehensive Total Worker Health program for those fighting wildfires. The program content was based on the qualitative interview data and consisted of 6 core and 8 elective 30-minute, web-based modules primarily done individually on a smartphone or computer. The final, third phase evaluated the program with a quantitative prospective proof-of-concept, usability, and effectiveness trial among wildland firefighter participants. Effectiveness was assessed with paired 2-tailed t tests for pre- and post-Likert agreement scale survey items, adjusted for multiple comparisons. In addition to assessing mean and SD at baseline and postsurvey, observed effect sizes were calculated (Cohen d). Usability and reaction to the program among firefighters who responded to postsurvey were also assessed.

Results
The qualitative themes and subthemes were used to inform the program’s content. For the effectiveness trial, 131 firefighters completed the presurvey, and 50 (38.2%) completed the postsurvey. The majority of the participants were White (n=123, 93.9%), male (n=117, 89.3%), with an average age of 41 (SD 12.9) years. Significant increases in knowledge and desired health and safety behaviors were found for both cancer (P<.001) and cardiovascular risk (P=.01), nutrition behaviors (P=.01), hydration or overheating (P=.001), binge drinking (P=.002), and getting medical checkups (P=.001). More than 80% (n=40) of postsurvey respondents agreed or strongly agreed that the program was easy to use and would recommend it to others.

Conclusions
An innovative web-based safety and health promotion program for those fighting wildland fires was feasible, scalable, and usable. It improved the health and safety of those fighting wildland fires.

Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05753358; https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05753358
Artificial Intelligence–Based Consumer Health Informatics Application: Scoping Review
Authors: Asan Onur , Choi Euiji , Wang Xiaomei 
Published: August 2023

Background
There is no doubt that the recent surge in artificial intelligence (AI) research will change the trajectory of next-generation health care, making it more approachable and accessible to patients. Therefore, it is critical to research patient perceptions and outcomes because this trend will allow patients to be the primary consumers of health technology and decision makers for their own health.

Objective
This study aimed to review and analyze papers on AI-based consumer health informatics (CHI) for successful future patient-centered care.

Methods
We searched for all peer-reviewed papers in PubMed published in English before July 2022. Research on an AI-based CHI tool or system that reports patient outcomes or perceptions was identified for the scoping review.

Results
We identified 20 papers that met our inclusion criteria. The eligible studies were summarized and discussed with respect to the role of the AI-based CHI system, patient outcomes, and patient perceptions. The AI-based CHI systems identified included systems in mobile health (13/20, 65%), robotics (5/20, 25%), and telemedicine (2/20, 10%). All the systems aimed to provide patients with personalized health care. Patient outcomes and perceptions across various clinical disciplines were discussed, demonstrating the potential of an AI-based CHI system to benefit patients.

Conclusions
This scoping review showed the trend in AI-based CHI systems and their impact on patient outcomes as well as patients’ perceptions of these systems. Future studies should also explore how clinicians and health care professionals perceive these consumer-based systems and integrate them into the overall workflow.
Degradation of Aniline & Para- Chloroaniline from Water by Adsorption Coupled with Electrochemical Regeneration
Authors: Hussain Syed muhammad Shahid , Hussain Syed Nadir , Asghar Hafiz Muhammad Anwaar , Sattar Hamed 
Published: August 2023

Treatment methods for water-containing organics are gaining significant attraction in modern-day research. Amines are an important organic compound class encountered in industrial wastewater streams. The current research paper focuses on studying the adsorption behavior of aniline and parachloro-aniline using a graphite-based adsorbent, namely, Nyex-1000, and the subsequent regeneration of the adsorbent. To determine Nyex-1000's adsorption capacity, several parameters, including time, pH, and concentration, were assessed. Adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and used adsorbent regeneration were also investigated. The adsorption of aniline and parachloro-aniline was found to be quite rapid owing to its non-porous nature. Moreover, the low energy requirement makes the process quite economical due to the high electrical conductivity of the adsorbent. The adsorption data was fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich Peterson, Sips, and Toth isotherm models. In aniline’s case, Langmuir and Parachloro-aniline Sips models gave the best fitting with the highest R2 value. A regeneration efficiency of 100% was observed in case of both aniline and parachloro-aniline by passing a charge of 5 and 10 coulombs per gram through the adsorbent bed 10 mm in thickness. Adsorption for parachloro-aniline was found to be 0.88 mg/g, and for aniline was found to be 0.40 mg/g. The reduction in adsorption capacity was minimal after several adsorption and regeneration cycles. This study found that spent adsorbent could be regenerated effectively through electrochemical regeneration.
Impact of Gestational Diabetes Detection Thresholds on Infant Growth and Body Composition: A Prospective Cohort Study Within a Randomized Trial
Authors: Manerkar Komal , Crowther Caroline A. , Harding Jane E. , Meyer Michael P. , Conlon Cathryn A. , Rush Elaine C. , Alsweiler Jane M. , McCowan Lesley M.E. , Rowan Janet A. , Edlin Richard , Amitrano Francesca , McKinlay Christopher J.D. 
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVE
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with offspring metabolic disease, including childhood obesity, but causal mediators remain to be established. We assessed the impact of lower versus higher thresholds for detection and treatment of GDM on infant risk factors for obesity, including body composition, growth, nutrition, and appetite.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
In this prospective cohort study within the Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Trial of Diagnostic Detection Thresholds (GEMS), pregnant women were randomly allocated to detection of GDM using the lower criteria of the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups or higher New Zealand criteria (ACTRN12615000290594). Randomly selected control infants of women without GDM were compared with infants exposed to A) GDM by lower but not higher criteria, with usual treatment for diabetes in pregnancy; B) GDM by lower but not higher criteria, untreated; or C) GDM by higher criteria, treated. The primary outcome was whole-body fat mass at 5–6 months.

RESULTS
There were 760 infants enrolled, and 432 were assessed for the primary outcome. Fat mass was not significantly different between control infants (2.05 kg) and exposure groups: A) GDM by lower but not higher criteria, treated (1.96 kg), adjusted mean difference (aMD) −0.09 (95% CI −0.29, 0.10); B) GDM by lower but not higher criteria, untreated (1.94 kg), aMD −0.15 (95% CI −0.35, 0.06); and C) GDM detected and treated using higher thresholds (1.87 kg), aMD −0.17 (95% CI −0.37, 0.03).

CONCLUSIONS
GDM detected using lower but not higher criteria, was not associated with increased infant fat mass at 5–6 months, regardless of maternal treatment. GDM detected and treated using higher thresholds was also not associated with increased fat mass at 5–6 months.
Methyl Donor Nutrient Intake and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes: Results From Three Large U.S. Cohorts
Authors: Sawicki Caleigh M. , Haslam Danielle E. , Braun Kim V.E. , Drouin-Chartier Jean-Philippe , Voortman Trudy , Franco Oscar H. , Sun Qi , Hu Frank B. , Bhupathiraju Shilpa N. 
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVE
We examined whether intake of methyl donor nutrients, including vitamins B2, B6, and B12 and folate, from foods and/or supplements is associated with type 2 diabetes risk.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
We included 203,644 women and men from the Nurses’ Health Study (1984–2016), Nurses’ Health Study 2 (1991–2017), and Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1986–2016). Dietary data were collected every 2–4 years with use of semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaires. Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying covariates were used to evaluate associations between each nutrient and type 2 diabetes risk. We combined cohort-specific hazard ratios (HRs) using inverse variance–weighted fixed-effects meta-analyses.

RESULTS
During 4,900,181 person-years of follow-up, we documented 19,475 incident type 2 diabetes cases. In multivariable-adjusted meta-analyses, participants in the highest quintiles of total vitamin B2 and B6 intakes had lower risk of diabetes compared with those in the lowest quintiles (HR 0.93 [95% CI 0.89, 0.98] for B2 and 0.93 [0.89, 0.97] for B6). With stratification by source, significant associations remained for B2 from food but not from supplements. Neither association for B6 from food nor association for B6 from supplements attained significance. No association was observed between total B12 intake and diabetes. However, B12 from food was marginally associated with higher diabetes risk (1.05 [1.00–1.11]) but not after additional adjustment for red meat intake (1.04 [0.99–1.10]). No evidence of association was observed between intakes of folate and diabetes.

CONCLUSIONS
The results of our study suggest that higher intake of vitamin B2 and B6, especially B2 from food sources, may be associated with a modestly lower type 2 diabetes risk.