bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the Mechanism of Sinomenii Caulis in Treating Ulcerative Colitis based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking
Authors: Tian Juan , Yang Changgeng , Wang Yun , Zhou Canlin 
Published: April 2023

Background:Studies have indicated that Sinomenii Caulis (SC) has several physiological activities, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, immunosuppression, and so on. SC is currently widely used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, skin disease, and other diseases. However, the mechanism of SC in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) remains unclear.Aims:To predict the active components of SC and determine the mechanism of SC on UC.Methods:Active components and targets of SC were screened and obtained by TCMSP, PharmMapper, and CTD databases. The target genes of UC were searched from GEO (GSE9452), and DisGeNET databases. Based on the String database, Cytoscape 3.7.2 software, and David 6.7 database, we analyzed the relationship between SC active components and UC potential targets or pathways. Finally, identification of SC targets in anti-UC by molecular docking. GROMACS software was used to perform molecular dynamics simulations of protein and compound complexes and to perform free energy calculations.Results:Six main active components, 61 potential anti-UC gene targets, and the top 5 targets with degree value are IL6, TNF, IL1β, CASP3, and SRC. According to GO enrichment analysis, the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor stimulus may be relevant biological processes implicated in the treatment of UC by SC. The KEGG pathway analysis result was mainly associated with the IL-17, AGE-RAGE, and TNF signaling pathways. Based on molecular docking results, beta-sitosterol, 16-epi-Isositsirikine, Sinomenine, and Stepholidine are strongly bound to the main targets. Molecular dynamics simulation results showed that IL1B/beta-sitosterol and TNF/16-epi-Isositsirikine binding was more stable.Conclusion:SC can play a therapeutic role in UC through multiple components, targets, and pathways. The specific mechanism of action needs to be further explored.
Design of Real Time Intelligent System for Women Safety
Authors: Kohli Priyanka , Singh Kawaljeet , Sidhu Brahmaleen Kaur 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Even the technology has advanced a lot in these modern times, women's
safety is still a massive issue. Women are not safe anywhere. Their safety is an essential and decisive
issue in today’s world. They face extreme troubles when they are alone, travelling on lonely
roads and at workplace. Education is essential for everyone and especially for women. It is a powerful
weapon to end poverty. Government and NGOs have made many rules and regulations but the
crime against women has not ended. There are many instances of harassment, abuse, eve-teasing,
kidnapping, domestic violence and rape. Women are working equally as men but still their safety is
a big challenge. With the boom in the IT and corporate sector, many women are now working and
even during nightshifts.

Objectives:
A Real Time Intelligent System for Women Safety has been proposed to overcome these
limitations.

Methods:
In this paper, many women's safety systems that were proposed or developed have been
discussed. Major drawbacks in the current system, devices or applications have been highlighted.
Latest technologies like machine learning, artificial intelligence or data science have been ignored.

Results:
The proposed system will be highly sophisticated with the latest techniques and women
will feel safe in all situations. It will predict the safe route while moving alone.

Conclusion:
Moreover, it will record the evidence and will also suggest the rights of women.
Expression and Enzyme Kinetics of Fused Plasmodium falciparum Orotate Phosphoribosyltransferase and Orotidine 5′-monophosphate Decarboxylase in Different Escherichia Coli
Authors: Imprasittichai Waranya , Krungkrai Sudaratana R. , Krungkrai Jerapan , Paojinda Patsarawadee 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Fusion of the last two enzymes in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway in the inverse order by having COOH-terminal orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRT) and NH2-terminal orotidine 5′-monophosphate decarboxylase (OMPDC), as OPRT-OMPDC, has been described in many organisms.

Objective:
The study aimed to select the optimum host cell and temperature for expressing the recombinant fusion OMPDC-OPRT having the enzymatic activity.

Methods:
We constructed gene fusions of the human malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum OMPDC-OPRT (1,836 bp) in the pTrcHisA vector and expressed it as a 6xHis-tag bifunctional protein in three Escherichia coli strains (BL21(DE3), TOP10, Rosetta) at 18°C and 25°C. The recombinant bifunctional protein was partially purified by Ni-nitrilotriacetic acid affinity chromatography and confirmed via Western blot and LC-MS/MS. The enzyme kinetics of OPRT and OMPDC was assessed.

Results:
Specific enzymatic activities of both OPRT and OMPDC domains expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) cells were approximately eight-to-nine-fold higher than those in the TOP10 cells at 18°C. However, the specific activities of both domains expressed in the TOP10 cells were twice higher than those of the BL21(DE3) cells at 25°C. Very low and no enzymatic activities were observed when the constructed vector was expressed in the Rosetta cells at both induction temperatures. The bifunctional enzyme had specific activities of the OPRT and OMPDC domains in a ratio of 1:2. Kinetic study values of the OPRT domain in the bifunctional OMPDC-OPRT enzyme were found to be relatively low at µM level and at the perfect catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km).

Conclusion:
The recombinant fusion of OMPDC-OPRT exhibited a high expression level of E. coli BL21(DE3) at 18°C. The kinetic parameter is greater than 108M-1s-1.
Use of Ceftriaxone Powder in Spinal Surgery Infection: A Comparative Case Study on the Rate of Wound Infection
Authors: Lawal Mamman Muhammad , Muhammad Faisal , Musa Abuhuraira Ado , Shuaib Shuaib Sani , Abdullahi Yusuf Muhammad , Usman Hadija Yamman 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Surgical Site Infection (SSI) due to spinal surgeries is relatively frequent complication with significant morbidity that results in a prolonged stay in the hospital, need for reproaches, prolonged chances of recovery, and loss of instrumentation. This study was conducted on the patients who underwent a spinal fusion with antibiotic powder wound application compared to a control group.

Case Presentation:
A retrospective study involving spinal fusion was conducted between March and August 2018 in which antibiotic powder was used and all spinal fusion in the previous six months as control. Data was gathered from patients’ case notes. Fifty-eight patients underwent a spinal fusion with antibiotic powder wound application between March and August 2018. While 68 patients had spinal fusion between August 2017 and February 2018, in which antibiotic powder was not applied to the wound during closure. Thirty-six (62.0%) surgeries were performed in the cervical spine, while 22 (38.0%) for the thoracolumbar spine were in the antibiotic group. In the group without antibiotic use, 39 (57.0%) were cervical spine surgeries, while 29 (43.0%) were thoracolumbar surgeries.

Conclusion:
Our study showed that the rate of SSI was nonexistent in patients with antibiotic powder during wound closure compared to the control, which recorded a 7.4% rate of SSI. However, a study on a larger population of patients is required to ascertain whether this procedure should be promoted.
Awareness of Novo Types of Composites among Dental Students and Interns in Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia. Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Salem Rahaf Abdulkhaliq , Danish Basem Adel , Abdulaleem Nada Ali 
Published: April 2023

Background:
The tooth structure is important to be restored at the very beginning of any decay or any recession that may affect the gingiva, to prevent any further complications. Moreover, as the patient’s priority is to have an esthetic smile, the use of esthetic materials such as gingival pink composite and single-shaded composite is indicated for an immediate result.

Objective:
This study aimed to assess the awareness among dental students and interns of novo types of composite (gingival pink, and single shade) in the Makkah region of Saudi Arabia.

Methods:
A cross-sectional study with an online survey was formulated and distributed on different social media platforms. A total of 190 participants responded to the study questionnaire. Data were collected from filled-out questionnaires and analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2019. Descriptive statistics were used.

Results:
The results showed a low level of awareness of gingival composite material (40.5%), and 51% of the students and interns were aware of single-shaded composites. The awareness level of the advantages of the esthetic use of gingival composite materials was 36%, and 56% were aware of the advantages of the esthetic use of the single-shaded composite.

Conclusion:
This study indicated a low level of awareness regarding the use and characteristics of gingival composite materials among dental students and interns. There was a higher level of awareness about single-shade composites. It is recommended that education on novo composites should be prioritized.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Ophthalmology, Medicine, and Surgery Journals: Comparing Citation Metrics and International Collaboration
Authors: Whitescarver Todd D. , Anthony Casey L. , Hoskin Annette K. , Aden James K , Gardner Scott E. , De Gracia Pablo , Agrawal Rupesh , Woreta Fasika , Justin Grant A. 
Published: April 2023

Objective:
To evaluate SCImago’s top ranked ophthalmology journals, comparing them with the top medical and surgical journals.

Methods:
Data over 20 years was extracted for the top-ranked 20 ophthalmology, top 5 medical, and top 5 surgical journals based on SCImago Journal Ranking (SJR). Trends in SJR, self-citations, external citations per document, uncited documents, international collaboration, citations per document, and total citations were identified. ANCOVA analysis was utilized to further characterize average trends over time between medicine, ophthalmology and surgery.

Results and Discussion:
The fields of medicine, ophthalmology, then surgery had the highest SJR while medicine, surgery, then ophthalmology had the highest h-indices. Medicine had 1.01 uncited per cited article, compared to 0.54 and 0.43 for ophthalmology and surgery. Percent of self-citation was 5.9% for ophthalmology, 5.0% for surgery, and 0.56% for medicine; however, self-citations per article were the highest for surgery. International collaboration was highest for ophthalmology (19.14%) compared to surgery (16.75%) and medicine (8.00%). Medicine increased disproportionately in SJR (p= 0.0037), citations per document (p <0.001), and total citations (p<0.001) compared to surgery and ophthalmology over the last 20 years. Ophthalmology had the largest decrease in the percent of uncited articles (p=0.0006).

Conclusion:
Ophthalmology has a lower h-index compared to surgery and medicine but was comparable when using more qualitative measures including SJR and uncited articles. Ophthalmology has the highest number of self-citations and the greatest level of international collaboration.
An Evaluation of the Use of External Fixator in the Management of Open Tibial Shaft Fractures at a Tertiary Hospital in Pretoria, South Africa
Authors: Semenya Clement N. , Golele Sikheto S. , Mabuza Langalibalele H. 
Published: April 2023

Background:
Lower limb fractures result in a greater physical impact on health than those in other parts of the body. Open tibial fractures are orthopaedic emergencies necessitating prompt treatment. A study was conducted to determine the clinical profiles and outcomes of patients treated for open tibial fractures using the external fixator method.

Methods:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study on 101 patients who had been treated with the external fixator method for open tibial fractures from 1st January, 2014 to 31st December, 2015. Patient profiles included their baseline characteristics, risk factors, and injury mode. Clinical outcomes were sepsis, delayed union, and the number of days to the union. Correlation tests were conducted to establish associations. All statistical tests were performed on SAS, Release 9.3 (2015). Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05.

Results:
Most respondents were male (87; 86.1%) with a secondary level of education (83; 82.2%). The most frequent modes of injury were motor-vehicle accidents (MVAs) (34; 33.7%) and assault (21; 20.8%). MVA (27; 26.7%) resulted in the highest complications. Osteomyelitis and pin traction sepsis accounted for 19/65 (29%) of all complications. Delayed union was mostly observed among respondents who smoked cigarettes, i.e., 49/63 (29%).

Conclusion:
MVA, PVA, gunshot, and assault constituted the highest proportions. Cigarette smoking was the risk factor with the highest proportion and was related to delayed union and non-union. Osteomyelitis and pin tract sepsis occurred in high proportions. Behavioural change towards quitting smoking and antibiotic coverage should be advocated to benefit patients with open tibial fractures.
Reallocation of Cameroon’s Public Health Budget from the Central Administration to Regional Level: Is it Worthwhile?
Authors: Forbinake Ndung Ako , Enongene Julius Mekolle , Nchinjoh Sangwe Clovis , Orock-Benem Vanessa Tabe , Engelberg Sydney , Chinitz David 
Published: April 2023

Cameroon is a “decentralized unitary State” but is financially centralized. Its health sector faces inequities in financial resource allocation from central to peripheral levels generating significant disparities in healthcare delivery at the regional, district, and health facility levels. Despite a 68.3% increase in national financial allocation and 100% budget execution, the resource allocation inequities persist, with less than 50% of the resources allocated to integrated health centers reaching the intended benefactors.
The main questions analysed are: why are most of the finances allocated to the Central level, and what current structures can be adapted to effectively “decentralize” the financial resources? The advantages of decentralizing health systems include increased efficiency, quality of health services, promotion of accountability and local governance of the health system, and 'shock-absorber' effects. Recommendations on making this budget reallocation sustainable in Cameroonian will eventually come through organizational change and the use of needs-based reallocation formulae to ensure objectivity and dilute subjectivity. Central Administration to act as a regulator with an ombudsman from the National Anti-Corruption Commission or the office of the Public Independent Conciliator to prevent financial leakages at the district and regional health levels.
A close-to-ground governance system will help resolve staff absenteeism, motivation, career management, and retention issues. Centralization is needed to steer national policies, but decentralization will prevent embezzlement and corruption, avoid supply delays, promote Universal Health Coverage application, local autonomy tailored to the specific needs of different health districts and assist in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 3 and other health-related SDGs.
A model for Mexican neotectonics based on nationwide GPS measurements, 1993-2001
Authors: Marquez-Azua Bertha , Cabral-Cano Enrique , Correa-Mora Francisco , DeMets Charles 
Published: April 2023

En este trabajo combinamos las velocidades obtenidas a partir de 14 estaciones GPS de operacion continua distribuidas en Mexico, dos nuevas estaciones en I a placa del Pacifico (Archipielago de Revilagigedo) y de 178 estaciones e las placas de Norteamerica y del Padfico, para obtener un marco geodinfunico que servira de referenda para futuros estudios e neotectonica en Mexico realizados con GPS. Las velocidades derivadas muestran clarament que existen areas al norte de la aja Volcanica Mexicana que estan incluidas dentro de la porcion rfgida de la placa de Norteam rica. El movimiento de las estaci nes en Mexico al norte de Oaxaca es tambien consistente con el movimiento de la placa de orteamerica, lo cual implica u deslizamiento despreciable a traves de la Faja Volcaruca Mexicana. Las estaciones en la penin lade Yucatan se desplazan a raz 'n de 3±1 mmJ afio hacia el Este con relacion ala placa de Norteamerica sin existir claras evide cias geologicas que expliquen es e movimiento. Las velocidades obtenidas para las islas Clarion y Socorro en el oceano Pacifico son consistentes dentro de su inc rtidumbre con las velocidades de otros sitios en Ia placa del Pacifico y por consiguiente proveen una mejordeterminacion del mov· mien to de esta placa. El movimiento del Padfico-Norteamerica en el sur del Gotfo de Califomi es de 50± 0.5 mm/afio hacia el S 5°E ±0.5°, que es consistente con las estimaciones geologicas pero ligeramente mas Iento que las estimaciones geodesicas recientem nte publicadas de 52-53 mrnfafio. El movimiento de La Paz en la peninsula de Baja California hacia el Sureste en relacion c n Ia Placa del Padfico coincide con resultados previos que indican que Baja California se encuentra desacoplada de la placa d I Padfico. Las nuevas velocidades angulares obtenidas en este trabajo representan un marco de referencia geologico bien defini o para futuros estudios geodesicos en Mexico. doi: sin doi
The effectiveness of Ozone activated Platelet Rich Plasma intra articular injection in pain management of anterior cruciate ligament tear
Authors: Ahmed Mohammad Abdullah , Ghali Wadi Algawwam Hayder , Abdulwahab Muhammed Ali Nuha , Ihsan KhairuAllah Huda , Abbas Ali Safwat 
Published: April 2023

Objectives: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the most common injured knee ligaments and it is one of the most frequent injuries seen in orthopedic practice
Methods: This is a retrospective study of 20 patients (14 female and 6 male) with ACL tear managed by intra articular activated PRP injection in the first author private clinic in Kirkuk over 2 years period (August 1, 2017–July 31, 2019). A detailed history was taken according to a questionnaire and a complete physical and radiological (MRI) examination was done. A sample of patient’s own blood was used to prepare PRP by a process of two repeated centrifugation. Longevity resources EXT50 Ozone Generator with oxygen tank and CGA870 Oxygen Regulator were used for activation of PRP. The clinical notes were reviewed to ascertain the clinical presentations and response of patients to PRP therapy.
Results: The mean age was 55±10.38years. The age groups affected with ACL were 50-59 and 60-69 years (n: 7, 35%) for each, while (n:5,25%) from age group 40-49 years and (n: 1, 5%) was from age group 20-29. Although 19 patient (95%) have at least one co-morbid condition, all the patient (n:20, 100%) show good response.7 patient (35%) received three doses of PRP and 13 patient (65%) received four doses to get good response.
Conclusion: Even though PRP and Ozone are not expensive therapies, they seem to be safe and effective in pain management of ACL tear.
Early diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy using modern medical imaging techniques: prospective study
Authors: Ishutina T. M. , Pavlova N. G. , Cheremisin V. M. 
Published: April 2023

INTRODUCTION: The algorithm for diagnosing ectopic pregnancy (EP), including b-chorionic gonadotropin in the blood and ultrasound of the pelvic organs, does not allow detecting its localization in the next 7 days after treatment in 10% of women.OBJECTIVE: Тo improve the algorithm of diagnostics of EP by correcting the ultrasound protocol, as well as adding MRI studies.MATERIALS AND METHODS: 290 patients with suspected EP, of which 278 were operated on. Women were divided according to menstrual delay: up to 6 weeks (Group 1, n=119), 6–9 weeks (Group 2, n=135), more than 9 weeks (Group 3, n=36). Ultrasound studies were performed in dynamics up to 144 hours on the VOLUSON-730 expert (GE); MR studies — on a 1.5T tomograph «Magnetom Avanto» (Siemens). Statistics: Statistical analysis of the study results was performed using the Statistica for Windows 10.0 software package (StatSoft, Inc., USA).RESULTS: Ultrasound symptoms of EP: group 1 (n=94) — ectopic fetal egg (EPO) and tubal ring (TC) 5 times more often than hematosalpinx (HS) and heterogeneous adnexal formation (NPO) (χ12=14.28; p=0.0002 and χ22=13.75, р=0.0003); 2 (n=116) — EPO and TC 3 times more often than GS (χ121=4.8; р12=0.028 and χ222=8.1; р22=0.004) and NPO (χ12=6.65; р1=0.009 and χ22=10.4; р2=0.001); 3 (n=31) — TC and NPO more often than EPO (χ12=8.00; p1=0.004; χ22=14.28; p2=0.0002). Ultrasound is not informative: group 1 — more than half of the cases; 2 — 24.5%; 3 — 65% of cases. In pregnancies of unknown location (PUL, n=30), MR patterns of EP were studied : in 1⁄3 of cases, progressive early EP was found, in 1⁄3 — undilated fallopian tubes, and in 1⁄3 of cases of HS. Sensitivity of ultrasound in relation to EP: group 1 — 42%; 2 — 76.5%; 3 — 35%; it depends on the period of menstrual delay (r=0.507, p=0.01).DISCUSSION: In PUL, MRI is indicated for all patients who have a menstrual delay of more than 6 weeks, regardless of the level of b-HCG in their blood, and with a menstrual delay of up to 6 weeks, only if the increase in b-HCG in the blood is less than 50% of physiological values.CONCLUSION: The inclusion of MRI in the algorithm for diagnosing EP increases its sensitivity and specificity to almost 100%, regardless of the period of menstrual delay.
ESTIMATING HOUSE CONSTRUCTION COMPLETION TIME WITH PROBABILISTIC ACTIVITIES DURATION USING THE PROGRAM EVALUATION AND REVIEW TECHNIQUE (PERT) METHOD
Authors: Fadjar Adnan , Ali Amar Akbar , Setiawan Arief 
Published: April 2023

Construction housing projects involve many risks and uncertainties that can affect their completion time. To ensure a construction housing project is completed on time, an accurate duration estimate is required for each activity. Deterministic duration methods, such as the Critical Path Method (CPM), are commonly used in project scheduling for construction projects. However, this method may not always produce a realistic schedule as it uses only a single duration estimation for each activity. As an alternative, this study uses the Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) which utilizes three duration estimates namely optimistic duration, most likely duration, and pessimistic duration. A house construction project with 23 activities was analyzed using CPM to find the critical activities which produced 59 days of completion time. The critical path duration was then analyzed using PERT. PERT calculations found that there was only a 15% probability to complete the project in 59 days, and the project needed 66 days of completion time with a 95% level of confidence. The findings of this study indicate that PERT can assist project managers in creating a more realistic project schedule by considering the risks and uncertainties in estimating the duration of its activities.