bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Small Angle Neutron Scattering in Drug Discovery Research: A Novel
Tool for Advanced Study of Structures of Biological Macromolecules
Authors: Adhikari Lokesh , Mishra Himanshu , Semalty Mona , Semalty Ajay 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) is a powerful and novel tool for the study of soft
condensed matter, including the microscopic and nanomaterials used for drug discovery and delivery.
The sample is exposed to a neutron beam, and neutron scattering occurs, which is studied as a function
of the scattering angle to deduce a variety of information about the dynamics and structure of the material.
The technique is becoming very popular in biomedical research to investigate the various aspects
of structural biology. The low-resolution information on large heterogeneous, solubilized biomacromolecular
complexes in solution is obtained with the use of deuterium labelling and solvent
contrast variation. The article reviews the basics of the SANS technique, its applications in drug delivery
research, and its current status in biomedical research. The article covers and overviews the precise
characterization of biological structures (membranes, vesicles, proteins in solution), mesoporous
structures, colloids, and surfactants, as well as cyclodextrin complexes, lipid complexes, polymeric
nanoparticles, etc., with the help of neutron scattering. SANS is continuously evolving as a medium
for exploring the complex world of biomolecules, providing information regarding the structure, composition,
and arrangement of various constituents. With improving modelling software automation in
data reduction and the development of new neutron research facilities, SANS can be expected to remain
mainstream for biomedical research.
Infiltrating Metastatic Ductal Carcinoma Initially Presenting as Axillary Lymph
Node Metastases Diagnosed with PET/CT and MRI: Case Report and Brief
Review of Occult Breast Carcinoma
Authors: Sanchez-Casas Nicolas-de-Jesus , Gonzalez-Hermosillo Leslie-Marisol , Mendoza-Lopez Abril-Carolina , Nava-Flores Elda-Lizeth , Roldan-Valadez Ernesto 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
The concept of occult breast carcinoma (OBC) was first described in 1907 by Halsted, who described this type of breast cancer to arise from small, undetectable tumours in the breast that had already metastasized to the lymph nodes. Although the breast is the most likely site for the primary tumour, non-palpable breast cancer presenting as an axillary metastasis has been reported, but with a low frequency of less than 0.5% of all breast cancers. OBC represents a complex diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma. Considering its rarity, clinicopathological information is still limited.

Case report:
A 44-year-old patient presented to the emergency room with an extensive axillary mass as the first manifestation. Conventional evaluation of the breast with mammography and ultrasound was unremarkable. However, a breast MRI confirmed the presence of conglomerate axillary nodes. A supplementary whole-body PET-CT established the axillary conglomerate with a malignant behaviour with SUVmax of 19.3. The primary tumour was not detected in the breast tissue of the patient, confirming the diagnosis of OBC. Immunohistochemical results showed negative receptors for estrogen and progesterone.

Conclusion:
Although OBC is a rare diagnosis, its existence is a possibility in a patient with breast cancer. Mammography and breast ultrasound with unremarkable findings but with high clinical suspicion should be supplemented with additional imaging methods, such as MRI and PET-CT, emphasizing the appropriate pre-treatment evaluation.
Survey of Denoising, Segmentation and Classification of Pancreatic Cancer
Imaging
Authors: Kaur Harjinder , Kaur  Saini Sumindar , Thakur Niharika , Juneja Mamta 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most serious problems that has taken many lives worldwide. The diagnostic procedure using the traditional approaches was manual by visually analyzing the large volumes of the dataset, making it time-consuming and prone to subjective errors. Hence the need for the computer-aided diagnosis system (CADs) emerged that comprises the machine and deep learning approaches for denoising, segmentation and classification of pancreatic cancer.

Introduction:
There are different modalities used for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, such as Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (PET/CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Multiparametric-MRI (Mp-MRI), Radiomics and Radio-genomics. Although these modalities gave remarkable results in diagnosis on the basis of different criteria. CT is the most commonly used modality that produces detailed and fine contrast images of internal organs of the body. However, it may also contain a certain amount of gaussian and rician noise that is necessary to be preprocessed before segmentation of the required region of interest (ROI) from the images and classification of cancer.

Methods:
This paper analyzes different methodologies used for the complete diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, including the denoising, segmentation and classification, along with the challenges and future scope for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.

Results:
Various filters are used for denoising and image smoothening and filters as gaussian scale mixture process, non-local means, median filter, adaptive filter and average filter have been used more for better results.

Conclusion:
In terms of segmentation, atlas based region-growing method proved to give better results as compared to the state of the art whereas, for the classification, deep learning approaches outperformed other methodologies to classify the images as cancerous and non- cancerous. These methodologies have proved that CAD systems have become a better solution to the ongoing research proposals for the detection of pancreatic cancer worldwide.
Experimental Study of the Rising Behavior of a Single Bubble in Shearshinning
Fluids
Authors: Pang Mingjun , Lei Yuan , Hu Bo 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Non-Newtonian gas-liquid two-phase flows are often seen in industrial processes such as petroleum, chemical, and food engineering. The efficiency of mass and heat transfer between phases is significantly impacted by bubble rise motion in liquids. Therefore, it is crucial to deeply study the hydrodynamic characteristics of a bubble rising in non-Newtonian fluids to improve the transfer efficiency between phases and to enhance the operational efficiency of bubbling equipment.

Methods:
To understand the rising characteristics of a bubble in non-Newtonian fluids, a single bubble rising in shear-thinning fluids was experimentally studied using a high-speed camera. The effects of xanthan gum (XG) concentration and bubble diameter on bubble shape, trajectory, and terminal velocity were investigated.

Results:
Bubble terminal velocity increased with an increase in the bubble diameter and a decrease in XG concentrations. The increase rate of bubble terminal velocity varied with an increase in bubble diameter for the bubbles with different diameters and XG concentrations for the solutions with varying XG concentrations. For solutions with the same XG concentration, the Galilei and Eötvös numbers for a small bubble were relatively small but relatively large for a large bubble. Thus, the rise motion of a bubble in XG solutions becomes unsteady with an increase in bubble diameter and a decrease in XG concentrations. The unsteady characteristics of bubble motion decrease with an increase in the XG concentration of solutions.

Conclusion:
It was found that the influence of XG concentrations on bubble motion depends on bubble diameter since the magnitude of bubble diameter has an essential effect on the shear-thinning effect of solutions. An increase in bubble terminal velocity is mainly caused by an increase in buoyancy (i.e., bubble diameter) rather than a decrease in the apparent viscosity of solutions.
Role of Nutraceuticals and Physical Activity in Parkinson's Disease Risk and Lifestyle Management
Authors: Wal Pranay , Vig Himangi , Wal Ankita , Rathore Shruti , Pandey Shiv Shanker , Jain Nem Kumar , Srivastava Ashish 
Published: May 2023

Background:Parkinson's disease is a complicated, gradually progressive neurological illness characterized by locomotor and non-motor symptomatology that impedes daily activities. Despite significant advances in symptomatic therapies with various extents of negative effects, there are currently no disease-modifying medicinal alternatives. Symptoms worsen, creating an additional strain that reduces living quality and creates the perception that prescription drugs are no longer productive.Objective:Adopting healthy lifestyle habits can help patients feel more empowered, promote wellness, relieve symptoms, and potentially slow neurodegeneration. Nutrition, intellectual stimulation, physical exercise, and stress reduction are all examples of lifestyle habits that improve cognitive health and life satisfaction. We discuss how changes in lifestyle, nutrition, yoga, exercise, and acupuncture can help with managing the disease's symptoms.Methods:We searched Google Scholar for various research papers and review articles from publishers, such as Bentham Science, Elsevier, Taylor and Francis, Springer Nature, and others for gathering the data for the study.Results:Pesticide exposure, environmental hazards, dietary choices, stress, and anxiety all have an indirect or immediate influence on the commencement of Parkinson's disease. Naturopathic remedies, such as nutraceuticals, yoga, exercise, and acupuncture, have been shown to help with Parkinson's disease management.Conclusion:Various preclinical and clinical studies have shown that the various factors mentioned are beneficial in the management of the disease, but more research is needed to validate the extent to which such factors are beneficial.
Pengembangan perangkat pembelajaran berbasis keterampilan sosial menggunakan teaching personal and social responsibility pada materi kebugaran jasmani
Authors: Purnomo Charissandi , Heynoek Febrita Paulina , Kurniawan Rama 
Published: May 2023

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan perangkat pembelajaran PJOK materi kebugaran jasmani kelas VIII SMP/MTS berbasis model pembelajaran TPSR dalam rangka meningkatkan keterampilan sosial siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode RD dari Borg Gall dengan pengumpulan data Focuss Group Discussion dan angket/kuisioner serta pemvalidasian oleh 3 orang ahli. Analisis data kualitatif menyimpulkan bahwa produk pengembangan terkesan teacher-centered, langkah-langkah pembelajaran dalam RPP kurang definitif, dan memerlukan penjelasan lebih rinci tentang deskripsi nilai hasil pembelajaran dalam RPP, oleh karena itu produk pengembangan telah direvisi dan divalidasi untuk diuji cobakan. Analisis data kuantitatif menunjukkan RPP layak diterapkan dengan hasil uji coba kelompok kecil guru menunjukkan rata-rata skor 83% dan hasil uji coba kelompok besar menunjukkan peningkatan rata-rata skor menjadi 91%. Bahan Ajar layak diterapkan dengan hasil uji coba kelompok kecil guru menunjukkan rata – rata skor 81% lalu mengalami peningkatan pada uji coba kelompok besar dengan rata – rata skor menjadi 91% dan hasil uji coba kelompok kecil siswa menunjukkan rata – rata skor 81% lalu mengalami peningkatan pada uji coba kelompok besar dengan rata – rata skor menjadi 88%. Panduan Monitoring dan Evaluasi Pembelajaran layak diterapkan dengan hasil uji coba kelompok kecil guru menunjukkan rata – rata skor 80% lalu mengalami peningkatan pada uji coba kelompok besar dengan rata – rata skor menjadi 92%. Abstract: This research aimed to develop PE learning tools on physical fitness material for 8th grade based on TPSR learning model to improve students' social skills. This research used the RD method from Borg Gall with Focuss Group Discussion, questionnaires, and validation by three experts. The Qualitative data analysis concluded that the development product seemed teacher-centered, the learning steps in the lessons plan were less definitive and required a more detailed description explanation of the learning result in the lesson plan, therefore the product development was revised and validated for testing. The quantitative data analysis showed that lesson plans received to apply with the results of the small group of teachers showed an average score of 83% and the results of the large group showed the average score was 91%. Teaching materials are feasible to be applied with the results of the small group of teachers showed the average score 81% then increased in the large group with the average score was 91% and the results of the small group of students showed an average score of 81% then increased in the large group with the average score was 88%. Learning Monitoring and Evaluation Guidelines were feasible to apply with the results of the small group of teachers showing the average score of 80% and then increased in the large group with an average score of 92%.
Analisis model pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani berbasis sentra di Sekolah Dasar Alam Natur Islam Bekasi
Authors: Ayyas Yahya Alfian , Mylsidayu Apta 
Published: May 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana analisis model pembelajaran Pendidikan jasmani berbasis sentra di Sekolah Dasar Alam Natur Islam Bekasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang melibatkan informan penelitian sebanyak tiga orang perempuan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mengenai analisis model pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani berbasis sentra di Sekolah Dasar Alam Natur Islam Bekasi ini fokusnya pada 3 aspek yakni kognitif, afektif dan psikomotor anak. Dalam proses pembelajaran Pendidikan jasmani berbasis sentra ini terdapat 3 tahapan pemberian pijakan dari guru Pendidikan jasmani kepada siswa yakni; (1) pijakan sebelum kegiatan (opening, circle time, dan pemanasan), (2) pijakan ketika kegiatan (pendampingan dan evaluasi), dan (3) pijakan setelah kegiatan (pendinginan, recalling, dan closing). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, implementasi model pembelajaran pendidikan jasmani berbasis sentra di Sekolah Dasar Alam Natur Islam Bekasi yaitu adanya proses pemberian arahan pada anak (scaffolding), dimulai dari pijakan lingkungan main, pijakan saat belajar, pijakan lingkungan sebelum belajar, pijakan saat belajar, pijakan pengalaman setelah belajar. Agar proses pembelajaran sentra ini terlaksana dengan baik, guru dituntut wajib membaca buku bahan ajar dan menggunakan bahasa yang sesuai dengan SPOK ketika berkomunikasi dengan siswa agar kemampuan bahasa siswa tertata dengan baik dan maksud tersampaikan, memperkuat dan memperluas bahasa anak. This study's goal was to understand how to evaluate the Alam Natur Islam Elementary School in Bekasi's sentra-based physical education learning paradigm. Three female research informants were used in this study's qualitative case study methodology. According to the study's findings, children's cognitive, affective, and psychomotor development are the three main areas that are being examined while examining the sentra-based physical education learning models at Alam Natur Islam Elementary School in Bekasi. There are three stages in which pupils are introduced to center-based physical education by the physical education instructor, and they are as follows: (1) steps before activities (opening, circle time, and warm-up), (2) steps during activities (assistance and evaluation), and (3) steps after activities (cooling down, recalling, and closing). Based on the study's findings, the Alam Natur Islam Bekasi Elementary School implemented the sentra-based physical education learning model, which involves scaffolding instruction to children by starting with the playing environment, the learning environment, the environment before learning, and the environment after learning. Teachers are obliged to study teaching aid materials and communicate with pupils using language that complies with SPOK in order to ensure that kids' language skills are effectively structured, intentions are communicated, and children's language is strengthened and expanded.
Significance of Non-Statutory Sources of Criminal Law When Evaluating an Act as Insignificant
Authors: Borkov V. N. 
Published: May 2023

Relevance.The correct solution of complex problems of law enforcement is facilitated by the appeal not only to legislatively fixed, but also to other sources of law. It is especially important to correctly determine the role of unofficial sources of law in the application of the criminal law, which is due to its exceptional position in the system of regulation of social relations, which are imposed on criminal law prohibitions by the requirements of clarity of expression, certainty of content and fairness. The theoretical and legal research needs a contribution to the content of the criminal law norms of other sources of law in determining the boundary between crimes of various types and administrative offenses, as well as in assessing the act as insignificant.The purposeof the study is the theoretical and legal analysis of the role of legally fixed and not fixed sources in the application of criminal law.Objectives of the researchof the study include: substantiating the accounting and determining the role of sources of criminal law that are not legally enshrined in the qualification of crimes and the assessment of the act as insignificant.The research methodologyis based on the dialectical general method, and also includes the methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, logical and system-structural.Results. On the example of the qualification of crimes and the assessment of acts as insignificant, the admissibility of referring to sources of law not formalized by law is argued, since they play a significant role in the process of criminalization and in the formulation of criminal law norms. The influence of the development of protected public relations and the modification of encroachments on the content of sources of law is shown. The importance of taking into account these processes for bringing both the criminal law itself and the practice of its application in line with the emerging socio-economic and political conditions is substantiated.Conclusion. When evaluating an act that formally contains signs of a crime, from the point of view of the possibility of recognizing it as insignificant, the appeal not only to the criminal law, but also to other sources of law, is due, firstly, to their retrospective role in the criminalization of acts, and secondly, to the dialectical connection of legal ideas with legal form and legal reality
On the Issue of the Protection of Motherhood and Childhood in the First Decades of Soviet Power (Based on the Materials of the State Archive of the Kursk Region)
Authors: Tretyak A. S. , Volobuev V. V. 
Published: May 2023

The relevance of the presented article is due to the processes of implementing the Concept of state family Policy in the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025 and the formation of a set of measures to support a mother woman. Holistic support of motherhood and childhood in modern Russia would be impossible without a study of the history of maternal and child protection of the Soviet period.The purpose of the article is to study the activities carried out by healthcare institutions in Kursk in the 1920s and 1930s in the field of maternity and infancy protection.Objectives: to determine the degree of protection of motherhood and infancy by the beginning of the study period, to characterize the activities of the Soviet government to organize a network of maternity hospitals, to study the process of creating and developing nurseries in Kursk.Methodology. The methods of objectivity, scientific, historicism were used in the work. In addition, historicalcomparative and chronological approaches were used.Results. The negative consequences of wars and revolutions have nullified the results of activities for the protection of motherhood and childhood of the Zemstvo period. The Soviet government aimed to improve the demographic situation. To this end, the fight against child mortality, support for women during pregnancy and childbirth, the organization of women's and children's consultations, maternity homes and departments were organized.Conclusions. During the period under review, the system of maternity and childhood protection was being established. The state has sent significant funds to this area, provided it with personnel, which made it possible to improve the demographic situation in the region and in Russia as a whole in a short time.
Older Adults and New Technology: Mapping Review of the Factors Associated With Older Adults’ Intention to Adopt Digital Technologies
Authors: Schroeder Tanja , Dodds Laura , Georgiou Andrew , Gewald Heiko , Siette Joyce 
Published: May 2023

Background
Ongoing advancements in digital solutions support older adults’ healthy aging and well-being. However, a unified synthesis of sociodemographic, cognitive, attitudinal, emotional, and environmental factors that influence older adults’ intention to use these new digital technologies is still lacking. Understanding the salient factors that influence older adults’ intention to use digital technologies will help to ensure that technology is developed appropriately and contextually. This understanding is also likely to contribute to developing technology acceptance models specifically for the aging generation, by reorganizing principles and constructing objectivity criteria for future research studies.

Objective
This review aims to identify the key factors associated with older adults’ intention to use digital technologies and to provide a comprehensive conceptual framework to describe the relationships between these key factors and older adults’ intention to use digital technologies.

Methods
A mapping review was conducted using 9 databases from inception to November 2022. Articles were selected for review if they had an evaluative component of older adults’ intention to use digital technologies. Three researchers independently reviewed the articles and extracted the data. Data synthesis was performed via narrative review and quality appraisal was measured using 3 different tools based on each article’s study design.

Results
We identified a total of 59 articles investigating older adults’ intention to use digital technologies. The majority (40/59, 68%) of articles did not use an existing framework or model for technology acceptance. Studies mostly adopted a quantitative research design (27/59, 46%). We found 119 unique factors reported to influence older adults’ intention to use digital technologies. These were categorized into 6 distinct themes: Demographics and Health Status, Emotional Awareness and Needs, Knowledge and Perception, Motivation, Social Influencers, and Technology Functional Features.

Conclusions
Given the importance of global demographic change toward an aging society, there is surprisingly limited research on the factors that influence older adults’ intention to use digital technologies. Our identification of the key factors across different types of digital technology and models supports the future integration of a comprehensive perspective encompassing environmental, psychological, and social determinants for older adults’ intention to use digital technologies.