bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Framing of female medical personnel during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study of the Chinese official media
Authors: Gao Cunling , Yi Hongfa , Wang Jinfu , Han Shanshan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper analyzes the media frames adopted by the official WeChat and Sina Weibo accounts of the People’s Daily between January 1 and December 31, 2020, for reports about female medical personnel involved in pandemic prevention and control. Although the number of female medical personnel involved in pandemic prevention and control far exceeded that of their male counterparts, the extent of media reports on the former was far less than that of the latter. The human interest frame about female medical personnel was mainly applied, while the use of the action frame was less frequent, which highlighted the gender identity and family role of these women but weakened their professional identity. This was not conducive to praising the contributions of female medical personnel in fighting the pandemic. The media frames of reporting medical personnel in WeChat and Sina Weibo accounts of the People’s Daily are not always the same. After Wuhan’s lockdown ended on April 8, the proportion of the human interest frame of the report text of female medical personnel decreased, and the proportion of the action frame increased, while the proportion of the human interest frame of the report text of male medical personnel increased and the proportion of the action frame decreased. Previous studies mainly analyzed the use of the media frames of female news personalities, but few studies focused on whether women had the possibility of breaking away from the gender media frames. This study shows that some female medical personnel with exceptional professional competence are likely to transcend the gender media frames and receive similar coverage to that of male medical professionals, like Li Lanjuan and Chen Wei.
Flux-periodic oscillations in proximitized core–shell nanowires
Authors: Klausen Kristjan Ottar , Sitek Anna , Erlingsson Sigurdur I. , Manolescu Andrei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Flux-periodic oscillations of the superconducting gap in proximitized core–shell nanowires are explored. Periodicity of oscillations in the energy spectrum of a cylindrical nanowire is compared with nanowires having hexagonal and square cross-section geometry, along with the effects of Zeeman and Rashba spin–orbit interaction. A transition between h/e and h/2e periodicity is found and shown to be dependent on the chemical potential, with correspondence to degeneracy points of the angular momentum quantum number. For a thin shell of a square nanowire, solely h/e periodicity is found in the infinite wire spectrum and shown to result from energy separation between the lowest groups of excited states.
Characterization of the INFN proton CT scanner for cross-calibration of x-ray CT
Authors: Fogazzi Elena , Trevisan Diego , Farace Paolo , Righetto Roberto , Rit Simon , Scaringella Monica , Bruzzi Mara , Tommasino Francesco , Civinini Carlo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Objective. The goal of this study was to assess the imaging performances of the pCT system developed in the framework of INFN-funded (Italian National Institute of Nuclear Physics) research projects. The spatial resolution, noise power spectrum (NPS) and RSP accuracy has been investigated, as a preliminary step to implement a new cross-calibration method for x-ray CT (xCT). Approach. The INFN pCT apparatus, made of four planes of silicon micro-strip detectors and a YAG:Ce scintillating calorimeter, reconstructs 3D RSP maps by a filtered-back projection algorithm. The imaging performances (i.e. spatial resolution, NPS and RSP accuracy) of the pCT system were assessed on a custom-made phantom, made of plastic materials with different densities ((0.66, 2.18) g cm−3). For comparison, the same phantom was acquired with a clinical xCT system. Main results. The spatial resolution analysis revealed the nonlinearity of the imaging system, showing different imaging responses in air or water phantom background. Applying the Hann filter in the pCT reconstruction, it was possible to investigate the imaging potential of the system. Matching the spatial resolution value of the xCT (0.54 lp mm−1) and acquiring both with the same dose level (11.6 mGy), the pCT appeared to be less noisy than xCT, with an RSP standard deviation of 0.0063. Concerning the RSP accuracy, the measured mean absolute percentage errors were (0.23+−0.09)% in air and (0.21+−0.07)% in water. Significance. The obtained performances confirm that the INFN pCT system provides a very accurate RSP estimation, appearing to be a feasible clinical tool for verification and correction of xCT calibration in proton treatment planning.
How different are shadows of compact objects with and without horizons?
Authors: Wang Xiangyu , Hou Yehui , Guo Minyong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this work, we theoretically assume that a compact object (CO) has a dark surface such
that this simplified CO has no emissions and no reflections. Considering that the radius of the
surface can be located inside or outside the photon region, which is closely related to the shadow
curve, we investigate whether a CO without an event horizon can produce shadow structures similar
to those of black holes and compare the shadows of COs with and without horizons. In particular,
by introducing the (possible) observational photon region, we analytically construct an exact
correspondence between the shadow curves and the impact parameters of photons; we find that there
are indeed several differences between the shadows of COs without horizons and those of black
holes. More precisely, we find that the shadow curve is still determined by the photon region
when the radius of the surface is small enough to retain a whole photon region outside the
shell. When only part of the photon region remains, the shadow curve is partially determined by
the photon region, and the remaining portion of the shadow curve is partly controlled by the
impact parameters of photons that have a turning point on the surface. When there is no photon
region outside the surface, the shadow curve is totally controlled by the impact parameters of
photons, which have a turning point on the surface.
Toward a better understanding of the environmental impacts of expanding farmer-led irrigation in Sub-Saharan Africa: an exploratory assessment of irrigation-induced risk of nutrient water pollution in Ethiopia
Authors: Xie Hua , Dile Yihun Taddele , Ringler Claudia , Srinivasan Raghavan , Worqlul Abeyou Wale 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Irrigation, and especially farmer-led irrigation, is considered to be a promising option for enhancing agricultural productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, there is a lack of thorough understanding of the impacts of irrigation development on environment. Past discussions are mainly limited to the water depletion and hydrological regime change effect of irrigation. This paper presents a study to narrow the knowledge gap by assessing nutrient water pollution risk induced by the expansion of farmer-led irrigation in Ethiopia. Using household survey data collected from four woredas in Ethiopia where irrigated crop production currently concentrates, we first evaluate the impact of irrigation on cropping intensity and annual consumption level of fertilizers and then use the findings of the household survey data analysis to support conceptualization of a modeling framework for assessing agricultural nutrient water pollution risk from farmer-led irrigation development in Ethiopia at national scale. We project that overall farmer-led irrigation development in Ethiopia will lead to a gentle increase in national total of agricultural nutrient loadings. This result helps justify the endeavor of promoting farmer-led irrigation in Ethiopia. On the other hand, the projected nutrient flow and nutrient loading growth rate related to the farmer-led irrigation expansion are highly heterogeneous spatially, and risk of local water quality deterioration exists. There is still need to make investment to ensure the environmental sustainability of farmer-led irrigation development.
A-200 BILATERAL ADRENALECTOMY: EXPERIENCE FROM AN ENDOCRINE SURGERY REFERENCE CENTER
Authors: Butz F , Dobrindt E , Dukaczewska A , Skachko T , Pratschke J , Goretzki P , Mogl M 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Synchronous bilateral adrenalectomy (BA) remains one of the least frequently performed surgeries worldwide, as only selected patients are eligible. Consequently, experience in this regard remains limited.

Methods
Retrospective data analysis of all patients who underwent synchronous bilateral adrenalectomy from 2011 to 2022 was performed.

Results
Single-stage bilateral adrenalectomy was performed in n=17 patients (n=10 female, n=7 male, age: 48 ± 17 years) with Cushing's syndrome (n=11; including 7 ectopic ACTH production (EA) and 4 therapy-refractory Cushing's syndrome (CD)), pheochromocytoma (n=3), adrenal carcinoma (n=1), metastases (n=1), and adenomas (n=1). Minimally invasive (MI) surgery was performed in n=15 cases; open surgery in n=2. Mean operative time was 200 ± 68 mins. and median hospital stay was 22 d (IQR 6-35 d). In n=3 cases, surgery was an emergency-procedure; in all 3 cases, indication was Cushing's crisis in EA. These 3 patients died within the first 4 months after surgery due to septic complications of derailed Cushing's or underlying malignancy. While duration of surgery and hospital stay did not differ, emergency patients were significantly older (69 ± 9 vs. 43 ± 14 years; p=0.01) and ICU stay was significantly longer (29 ± 17 vs. 3 ± 7 days; p=0.001).

Conclusion
Single-stage bilateral adrenalectomy remains a rarely performed procedure. The MI procedure represents the standard. Patients who need emergency surgery due to a Cushing's crisis have a very high mortality. Thus, timing of surgery is of highest priority and requires a critical interdisciplinary discussion.
A-123 S-GRAS SCORE CORRELATES WITH SURVIVAL AFTER RESECTION OF ADRENOCORTICAL CARCINOMAS
Authors: Mihai R 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Prognosis after resection of adrenocortical cancers (ACC) based on ENSAT staging and nomograms is not sufficiently accurate. A new combined score (S-GRAS) has been recently proposed based on age, hormone- or tumour-related symptoms at presentation, ENSAT stage, R stage and Ki67 index but this score is yet to be validated.

Methods
Retrospective analysis of consecutive unselected patients who underwent surgery for ACC in a regional referral centre.

Results
Between 2000–2022, 71 patients underwent surgery for ACC of whom 31 patients (14M:17F, median age 54 years), the limiting factor being the lack of assessment of Ki67 marker on historical histological specimens.
Survival rates decreased with a rise in S-GRAS from 8/9 (score 0 and 1) to 4/6 (score 2 and 3), 4/10 (score 4 and 5) and 0/6 (score 6 and 7) and overall survival decreased from median 93 months (score 2 and 3) to 19 months (score 4 and 5) and 4 months (score 6 and 7).
Mitotane treatment did not follow the S-GRAS-based protocol proposed recently: for low S-GRAS (score 0–3) Mitotane is not indicated (yet 8/15 received it), those with high SGRAS (score 4-5) should receive mitotane (9/10 did so), and those with S-GRAS 6 and over should receive combination of mitotane&EDP chemotherapy yet none did so.

Conclusion
S-GRAS score correlates well with overall survival after resection of ACC and this score could inform the decision of using adjuvant therapy after surgery for ACC.
Quantum Bit Commitment Without Quantum Memory
Authors: Xu Lidong , Wang Mingqiang , Qin Jing 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Commitment scheme is a fundamental cryptographic primitive that serve as building blocks for many other two-party protocols. In this paper, we propose a novel quantum bit commitment scheme, which is secure and does not require quantum memory. Our scheme processes the quantum information using coherent states and unambiguous state discrimination (USD) measurements, which can be experimentally realized by linear optics and photon detectors. We ensure the unconditionally hiding and binding property by preventing both Alice and Bob from obtaining complete information about the commitment in committing stage, and eliminate the requirement for quantum memory by performing USD measurements and phase shifts immediately after receiving the coherent states.
Cardiac rupture in acute myocardial infarction: a cardiac magnetic resonance study
Authors: De Lazzari Manuel , Cipriani Alberto , Cecere Annagrazia , Niero Alice , De Gaspari Monica , Giorgi Benedetta , De Conti Giorgio , Motta Raffaella , Rizzo Stefania , Tona Francesco , Cacciavillani Luisa , Tarantini Giuseppe , Gerosa Gino , Basso Cristina , Iliceto Sabino , Perazzolo Marra Martina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Aims
We assessed the feasibility of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and the role of myocardial strain in the diagnostic work-up of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and a clinical suspicion of cardiac rupture (CR).

Methods and results
Consecutive patients with AMI complicated by CR who underwent CMR were enrolled. Traditional and strain CMR findings were evaluated; new parameters indicating the relative wall stress between AMI and adjacent segments, named wall stress index (WSI) and WSI ratio, were analysed. A group of patients admitted for AMI without CR served as control. 19 patients (63% male, median age 73 years) met the inclusion criteria. Microvascular obstruction (MVO, P = 0.001) and pericardial enhancement (P &lt; 0.001) were strongly associated with CR. Patients with clinical CR confirmed by CMR exhibited more frequently an intramyocardial haemorrhage than controls (P = 0.003). Patients with CR had lower 2D and 3D global radial strain (GRS) and global circumferential strain (in 2D mode P &lt; 0.001; in 3D mode P = 0.001), as well as 3D global longitudinal strain (P &lt; 0.001), than controls. The 2D circumferential WSI (P = 0.010), as well as the 2D and 3D circumferential (respectively, P &lt; 0.001 and P = 0.042) and radial WSI ratio (respectively, P &lt; 0.001 and P: 0.007), were higher in CR patients than controls.

Conclusion
CMR is a safe and useful imaging tool to achieve the definite diagnosis of CR and an accurate visualization of tissue abnormalities associated with CR. Strain analysis parameters can give insights into the pathophysiology of CR and may help to identify those patients with sub-acute CR.
ANMCO position paper on vericiguat use in heart failure: from evidence to place in therapy
Authors: Di Fusco Stefania Angela , Alonzo Alessandro , Aimo Alberto , Matteucci Andrea , Intravaia Rita Cristina Myriam , Aquilani Stefano , Cipriani Manlio , De Luca Leonardo , Navazio Alessandro , Valente Serafina , Gulizia Michele Massimo , Gabrielli Domenico , Oliva Fabrizio , Colivicchi Furio 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the growing therapeutic armamentarium for heart failure (HF) management, vericiguat represents an innovative therapeutic option. The biological target of this drug is different from that of other drugs for HF. Indeed, vericiguat does not inhibit neuro-hormonal systems overactivated in HF or sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 but stimulates the biological pathway of nitric oxide and cyclic guanosine monophosphate, which is impaired in patients with HF. Vericiguat has recently been approved by international and national regulatory authorities for the treatment of patients with HF and reduced ejection fraction who are symptomatic despite optimal medical therapy and have worsening HF. This ANMCO position paper summarises key aspects of vericiguat mechanism of action and provides a review of available clinical evidence. Furthermore, this document reports use indications based on international guideline recommendations and local regulatory authority approval at the time of writing.
ANMCO-SIMEU consensus document: appropriate management of atrial fibrillation in the emergency department
Authors: Caldarola Pasquale , De Iaco Fabio , Pugliese Francesco Rocco , De Luca Leonardo , Fabbri Andrea , Riccio Carmine , Scicchitano Pietro , Vanni Simone , Di Pasquale Giuseppe , Gulizia Michele Massimo , Gabrielli Domenico , Oliva Fabrizio , Colivicchi Furio 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) accounts for 2% of the total presentations to the emergency department (ED) and represents the most frequent arrhythmic cause for hospitalization. It steadily increases the risk of thromboembolic events and is often associated with several comorbidities that negatively affect patient's quality of life and prognosis. AF has a considerable impact on healthcare resources, making the promotion of an adequate and coordinated management of this arrhythmia necessary in order to avoid clinical complications and to implement the adoption of appropriate technological and pharmacological treatment options. AF management varies across regions and hospitals and there is also heterogeneity in the use of anticoagulation and electric cardioversion, with limited use of direct oral anticoagulants. The ED represents the first access point for early management of patients with AF. The appropriate management of this arrhythmia in the acute setting has a great impact on improving patient's quality of life and outcomes as well as on rationalization of the financial resources related to the clinical course of AF. Therefore, physicians should provide a well-structured clinical and diagnostic pathway for patients with AF who are admitted to the ED. This should be based on a tight and propositional collaboration among several specialists, i.e. the ED physician, cardiologist, internal medicine physician, anesthesiologist. The aim of this ANMCO-SIMEU consensus document is to provide shared recommendations for promoting an integrated, accurate, and up-to-date management of patients with AF admitted to the ED or Cardiology Department, in order to make it homogeneous across the national territory.
C2 DIFFERENT CLINICAL PREDICTORS OF EARLY AND LATE PRIMARY VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION: RESULTS OF THE PREDESTINATION STUDY
Authors: Dusi V , Baldi E , Ruffinazzi M , Camporotondo R , Angelini F , Peano V , Picollo C , Cipriani A , Cerea P , Cacciavillani L , Noussan P , Dossi F , Sanna T , D'Acunto G , Caputo M , Auricchio A , Kotta M , Gnecchi M , Crotti L , Schwartz P , De Ferrari G 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Few studies evaluated risk factors for primary ventricular fibrillation (VF) before reperfusion during a first acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Important parameters such as kalemia, blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) at presentation were rarely considered. Furthermore, potential differences according to the time elapsed between symptoms onset and VF onset have never been investigated.

Objectives
to evaluate predictors of primary VF in the PREDESTINATION (PRImary vEntricular fibrillation and suDden dEath during a firST myocardIal iNfArcTION) study cohort also differentiating between early (&lt;60 min from symptoms onset) and late (&gt;60 min) VF. Early VF is more likely to cause sudden death (SD) before medical services arrival.

Patients and Methods
PREDESTINATION is a prospective, multicenter, case–control (1:2 age– and sex–matched) study enrolling patients aged 18–80 years with a first AMI, either complicated (cases) or not (controls) by primary VF before reperfusion.

Results
1478 patients were analysed: mean age was 59 years, 83% were male, 36% cases. The multivariate analysis (logistic regression) on the whole population (c–statistic= 0.74) identified 8 independent predictors of primary VF: atrial fibrillation as presenting rhythm (OR 4.61), kalemia ≤3.5 mEq/L (OR 2.8), HR at presentation ≥90 bpm (OR 2.25), first–degree family history of SD (OR 2.08), anterior infarct site (OR 1.54), physical inactivity (OR 1.59), systolic BP at presentation (OR 0.98 for each mmHg), and first–degree family history of coronary artery disease/myocardial infarction (OR 0.71). The time elapsed between symptoms onset and VF was known for 405 cases (184 early and 221 late VF). There were 6 predictors of early VF, with loss of significance of physical inactivity and of family history of coronary artery disease/infarction, and an increase in the OR of family history of SD to 2.85 (95% CI: 1.6–5.08), and in the c–statistic of the model to 0.80. Among the 6 predictors of late VF, on the other hand, anterior site of AMI and family history of SD were not confirmed (c–statistic of the model 0.7).

Conclusions
The present study identified 8 independent predictors of primary VF. First–degree family history of SD is a powerful independent predictor of early VF, but not of late VF, suggesting that genetic predisposition plays a determining role only in early–onset VF cases and therefore the advisability of a specific genetic investigation in these patients.
C6 VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION SPECTRAL AREA (AMSA) AND LOW–ENERGY SHOCK SUCCESS PREDICTION IN PATIENTS WITH OUT–OF–HOSPITAL CARDIAC ARREST
Authors: Lopiano C , Romana Gentile F , Quilico F , Aramendi E , Isasi I , Baldi E , Fasolino A , Contri E , Palo A , Currao A , Bendotti S , Primi R , Savastano S 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
In case of cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation (VF) or pulseless ventricular tachycardia (pVT), the optimal energy level for defibrillation is that which achieves defibrillation and minimize the current–induced myocardial damage. Therefore, it would be reasonable to reduce the energy level as well as the number of shocks. ECG–based VF waveform analysis features such as amplitude spectral area (AMSA) have been recently introduced as predictors of shock success but their predictivity for shock success with low energy level is not known. We aimed to assess whether AMSA of VF is able to predict the efficacy of low energy level for defibrillation in out–of–hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) patients.

Methods
All the OHCAs with at least one shockable rhythm occurred from January 2015 to December 2020 in the province of Pavia, Italy, were considered. AMSA values were calculated by retrospectively analyzing the data collected by the Corpuls 3 monitors/defibrillators and by using a 2–second–pre–shock ECG interval.

Results
Among 4619 OHCA, AMSA values and energy for defibrillation were documented in 791 shocks, of which 45% received a shock at low energy (&lt;= 150J) and 55% at high energy (&gt;150J). The rate of efficacy between the two groups did not differ significantly (44% vs 38%, p=0.102), however in patients efficaciously treated with low energy, AMSA was higher compared to those efficaciously treated with high energy [13.2 mV·Hz (12.5–14.2) vs 10.8 (10.1–11.5), p&lt;0.001]. Moreover, AMSA was found to be different even when comparing ineffective shock at low energy with effective shock at high energy [(6.6 (4.6–10) vs 10.8 (8.1–13.8), p&lt;0.001] and similar when comparing ineffective shock at low and at high energy [6.6 (4.6–10) vs 6.3 (4.5–8.7), p=0.21]. By dividing AMSA values into three tertiles the rate of shock success at low energy was found to be different: [T1 (0.7–6.2) 4.2%; T2 (6.2–10.8) 13%; T3 (10.8–63.2) 42%, Chi squared p&lt;0.001 and p for trend &lt;0.001]. After correction for age, sex, amiodarone use, call to shock time, AMSA values corresponding to the third and second tertile were associated with higher probability of shock success compared with the values in the lowest tertile [T3 OR 15 (95%CI 7–30), p&lt; 0.001; T2 OR 3 (95%CI 1–7), p= 0.002].

Conclusion
Amplitude spectral area of VF is a predictor of shock success at low energy. This could be useful to optimize the choice of energy limiting the current related myocardial injury.