bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Close to politics and to policies: subjective knowledge about referendum topics in Eastern Europe
Authors: Gherghina Sergiu , Tap Paul 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCitizens with political knowledge can contribute to the quality of democracy in their country. Previous research has established the existence of differences between the actual (objective) and perceived (subjective) level of political knowledge, but the factors driving citizens’ subjective political knowledge in a specific setting in which they can take direct decisions remain unclear. To explain what determines subjective knowledge about referendum topics among voters, the present analysis focuses on seven referendums held in Eastern Europe between 2015 and 2019 in Bulgaria, Hungary, Moldova, Poland, Romania (twice), and Slovakia. We use individual-level data from surveys conducted in the aftermath of each referendum with a total number of 1825 actual voters. The results indicate that more politically engaged citizens, those who trust parties and are satisfied with democracy, and those who are critical towards the government consider themselves more informed about the referendum topics.
Deliberate misinterpretation from the perspective of socio-cognitive pragmatics
Authors: Wang Rundong , Zhan Hongwei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe present study explores the realizing mechanisms of deliberate misinterpretation, by examining the specific situations of deliberate misinterpretation in fictional conversation, from the perspective of socio-cognitive pragmatics, so as to shed light on human daily conversations. The results of analyzing dialogs in the sitcom Friends show that deliberate misinterpretation has to do with the possibility of ambiguity on the speaker’s side and deliberate divergence on the hearer’s side. It is also argued that in these circumstances egocentrism on the hearer’s side is manifested consciously and deliberately. Unlike generally discussed, the deliberate breakdown of communication usually has a positive influence on the communication, and certain communicative goals of the speaker may thus be fulfilled.
Perceived benefits of open data are improving but scientists still lack resources, skills, and rewards
Authors: Borycz Joshua , Olendorf Robert , Specht Alison , Grant Bruce , Crowston Kevin , Tenopir Carol , Allard Suzie , Rice Natalie M. , Hu Rachael , Sandusky Robert J. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAddressing global scientific challenges requires the widespread sharing of consistent and trustworthy research data. Identifying the factors that influence widespread data sharing will help us understand the limitations and potential leverage points. We used two well-known theoretical frameworks, the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Technology Acceptance Model, to analyze three DataONE surveys published in 2011, 2015, and 2020. These surveys aimed to identify individual, social, and organizational influences on data-sharing behavior. In this paper, we report on the application of multiple factor analysis (MFA) on this combined, longitudinal, survey data to determine how these attitudes may have changed over time. The first two dimensions of the MFA were named willingness to share and satisfaction with resources based on the contributing questions and answers. Our results indicated that both dimensions are strongly influenced by individual factors such as perceived benefit, risk, and effort. Satisfaction with resources was significantly influenced by social and organizational factors such as the availability of training and data repositories. Researchers that improved in willingness to share are shown to be operating in domains with a high reliance on shared resources, are reliant on funding from national or federal sources, work in sectors where internal practices are mandated, and live in regions with highly effective communication networks. Significantly, satisfaction with resources was inversely correlated with willingness to share across all regions. We posit that this relationship results from researchers learning what resources they actually need only after engaging with the tools and procedures extensively.
Predicting the properties of NiO with density functional theory: Impact of exchange and correlation approximations and validation of the r2SCAN functional
Authors: DelloStritto Mark J. , Kaplan Aaron D. , Perdew John P. , Klein Michael L. 
Published: June 2023

Transition metal oxide materials are of great utility, with a diversity of topical applications ranging from catalysis to electronic devices. Because of their widespread importance in materials science, there is increasing interest in developing computational tools capable of reliable prediction of transition metal oxide phase behavior and properties. The workhorse of materials theory is density functional theory (DFT). Accordingly, we have investigated the impact of various correlation and exchange approximations on their ability to predict the properties of NiO using DFT. We have chosen NiO as a particularly challenging representative of transition metal oxides in general. In so doing, we have provided validation for the use of the r2SCAN density functional for predicting the materials properties of oxides. r2SCAN yields accurate structural properties of NiO and a local spin moment that notably persists under pressure, consistent with experiment. The outcome of our study is a pragmatic scheme for providing electronic structure data to enable the parameterization of interatomic potentials using state-of-the-art artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) methodologies. The latter is essential to allow large scale molecular dynamics simulations of bulk and surface materials phase behavior and properties with ab initio accuracy.
Non-perturbative many-body treatment of molecular magnets
Authors: Eskridge Brandon , Krakauer Henry , Zhang Shiwei 
Published: June 2023

Molecular magnets have received significant attention because of their potential applications in quantum information and quantum computing. A delicate balance of electron correlation, spin–orbit coupling (SOC), ligand field splitting, and other effects produces a persistent magnetic moment within each molecular magnet unit. The discovery and design of molecular magnets with improved functionalities would be greatly aided by accurate computations. However, the competition among the different effects poses a challenge for theoretical treatments. Electron correlation plays a central role since d- or f-element ions, which provide the magnetic states in molecular magnets, often require explicit many-body treatments. SOC, which expands the dimensionality of the Hilbert space, can also lead to non-perturbative effects in the presence of strong interaction. Furthermore, molecular magnets are large, with tens of atoms in even the smallest systems. We show how an ab initio treatment of molecular magnets can be achieved with auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo, in which electron correlation, SOC, and material specificity are included accurately and on an equal footing. The approach is demonstrated by an application to compute the zero-field splitting of a locally linear Co2+ complex.
Ne, Ar, and Kr oscillators in the molecular cavity of fullerene C60
Authors: Jafari Tanzeeha , Shugai Anna , Nagel Urmas , Bacanu George Razvan , Aouane Mohamed , Jiménez-Ruiz Monica , Rols Stéphane , Bloodworth Sally , Walkey Mark , Hoffman Gabriela , Whitby Richard J. , Levitt Malcolm H. , Rõõm Toomas 
Published: June 2023

We used THz (terahertz) and INS (inelastic neutron scattering) spectroscopies to study the interaction between an endohedral noble gas atom and the C60 molecular cage. The THz absorption spectra of powdered A@C60 samples (A = Ar, Ne, Kr) were measured in the energy range from 0.6 to 75 meV for a series of temperatures between 5 and 300 K. The INS measurements were carried out at liquid helium temperature in the energy transfer range from 0.78 to 54.6 meV. The THz spectra are dominated by one line, between 7 and 12 meV, at low temperatures for three noble gas atoms studied. The line shifts to higher energy and broadens as the temperature is increased. Using a spherical oscillator model, with a temperature-independent parameterized potential function and an atom-displacement-induced dipole moment, we show that the change of the THz spectrum shape with temperature is caused by the anharmonicity of the potential function. We find good agreement between experimentally determined potential energy functions and functions calculated with Lennard-Jones additive pair-wise potentials with parameters taken from the work of Pang and Brisse, J. Chem. Phys. 97, 8562 (1993).
Single-cell transcriptomics reveals maturation of transplanted stem cell–derived retinal pigment epithelial cells toward native state
Authors: Parikh Bhav Harshad , Blakeley Paul , Regha Kakkad , Liu Zengping , Yang Binxia , Bhargava Mayuri , Wong Daniel Soo Lin , Tan Queenie Shu Woon , Wong Claudine See Wei , Wang Hao Fei , Al-Mubaarak Abdurrahmaan , Chou Chai , Cheung Chui Ming Gemmy , Lim Kah Leong , Barathi Veluchamy Amutha , Hunziker Walter , Lingam Gopal , Hu Tim Xiaoming , Su Xinyi 
Published: June 2023

Transplantation of stem cell–derived retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells is considered a viable therapeutic option for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Several landmark Phase I/II clinical trials have demonstrated safety and tolerability of RPE transplants in AMD patients, albeit with limited efficacy. Currently, there is limited understanding of how the recipient retina regulates the survival, maturation, and fate specification of transplanted RPE cells. To address this, we transplanted stem cell–derived RPE into the subretinal space of immunocompetent rabbits for 1 mo and conducted single-cell RNA sequencing analyses on the explanted RPE monolayers, compared to their age-matched in vitro counterparts. We observed an unequivocal retention of RPE identity, and a trajectory-inferred survival of all in vitro RPE populations after transplantation. Furthermore, there was a unidirectional maturation toward the native adult human RPE state in all transplanted RPE, regardless of stem cell resource. Gene regulatory network analysis suggests that tripartite transcription factors (
FOS
,
JUND
, and
MAFF
) may be specifically activated in posttransplanted RPE cells, to regulate canonical RPE signature gene expression crucial for supporting host photoreceptor function, and to regulate prosurvival genes required for transplanted RPE’s adaptation to the host subretinal microenvironment. These findings shed insights into the transcriptional landscape of RPE cells after subretinal transplantation, with important implications for cell-based therapy for AMD.
Dual factors required for cytochrome-P450-mediated hydrocarbon ring contraction in bacterial gibberellin phytohormone biosynthesis
Authors: Nagel Raimund , Alexander Liza E. , Stewart Charles E. , Peters Reuben J. 
Published: June 2023

Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) are heme-thiolate monooxygenases that prototypically catalyze the insertion of oxygen into unactivated C–H bonds but are capable of mediating more complex reactions. One of the most remarked-upon alternative reactions occurs during biosynthesis of the gibberellin A (GA) phytohormones, involving hydrocarbon ring contraction with coupled aldehyde extrusion of
ent
-kaurenoic acid to form the first gibberellin intermediate. While the unusual nature of this reaction has long been noted, its mechanistic basis has remained opaque. Building on identification of the relevant CYP114 from bacterial GA biosynthesis, detailed structure–function studies are reported here, including development of in vitro assays as well as crystallographic analyses both in the absence and presence of substrate. These structures provided insight into enzymatic catalysis of this unusual reaction, as exemplified by identification of a key role for the “missing” acid from an otherwise highly conserved acid–alcohol pair of residues. Notably, the results demonstrate that ring contraction requires dual factors, both the use of a dedicated ferredoxin and absence of the otherwise conserved acidic residue, with exclusion of either limiting turnover to just the initiating and more straightforward hydroxylation. The results provide detailed insight into the enzymatic structure–function relationships underlying this fascinating reaction and support the use of a semipinacol mechanism for the unusual ring contraction reaction.
Biodegradable lipophilic polymeric mRNA nanoparticles for ligand-free targeting of splenic dendritic cells for cancer vaccination
Authors: Ben-Akiva Elana , Karlsson Johan , Hemmati Shayan , Yu Hongzhe , Tzeng Stephany Y. , Pardoll Drew M. , Green Jordan J. 
Published: June 2023

Nanoparticle (NP)-based mRNA cancer vaccines hold great promise to realize personalized cancer treatments. To advance this technology requires delivery formulations for efficient intracellular delivery to antigen-presenting cells. We developed a class of bioreducible lipophilic poly(beta-amino ester) nanocarriers with quadpolymer architecture. The platform is agnostic to the mRNA sequence, with one-step self-assembly allowing for delivery of multiple antigen-encoding mRNAs as well as codelivery of nucleic acid–based adjuvants. We examined structure–function relationships for NP-mediated mRNA delivery to dendritic cells (DCs) and identified that a lipid subunit of the polymer structure was critical. Following intravenous administration, the engineered NP design facilitated targeted delivery to the spleen and preferential transfection of DCs without the need for surface functionalization with targeting ligands. Treatment with engineered NPs codelivering antigen-encoding mRNA and toll-like receptor agonist adjuvants led to robust antigen-specific CD8+ T cell responses, resulting in efficient antitumor therapy in in vivo models of murine melanoma and colon adenocarcinoma.
Sexual anti-languages on social media
Authors: Lu Chao , Zhang Jingyuan , Zhang Ke 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe past decades have witnessed a growing preoccupation with gay languages across the world. However, little attention has been devoted to gay language in the Chinese context. To address the gap, this article examined the case of gay language used on a Chinese social media. Specifically speaking, we conducted a corpus-based analysis of sexual anti-languages (SA) on Blued, by following Halliday’s concept of anti-language defined as an extreme case of social dialects and the language of an anti-society. Using a total of 1,744 text-headlines collected from Blued users’ profiles, we identified and grouped Chinese SA into six categorizations. The findings reveal that Blued abounds with SA, each of which has undergone a unique formation process. In the end, we concluded by providing several directions for future research.
Spin Hall effects in the sky
Authors: Andersson Lars , Oancea Marius A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In many areas of physics, the propagation of wave packets carrying intrinsic angular momentum is generally influenced by spin–orbit interactions. This is the main mechanism behind spin Hall effects, which result in wave packets following spin-dependent trajectories. Spin Hall effects have been observed in several experiments for electrons in condensed matter systems and for light propagating in inhomogeneous optical media. Similar effects have also been predicted for wave packets propagating in inhomogeneous gravitational fields. We give a brief introduction to gravitational spin Hall effects, emphasizing the analogies with the spin Hall effect of light in optics. Furthermore, we review the most promising astrophysical avenues that could lead to experimental observations of the gravitational spin Hall effect.
Physical properties of the swept arc channel in the context of lightning strikes to aircraft
Authors: Andraud V , Martins R Sousa , Zaepffel C , Landfried R , Testé P , Lalande P 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
During an in-flight lightning strike, the relative motion between the arc channel and the aircraft causes a sweeping of the attachment point on the aircraft skin. To predict the behaviour of the arc channel and therefore the potential locations for further restrikes, this study aims at investigating the phenomenon with an innovative method for producing sweeping arcs based on a stationary arc and an electromagnetic launcher propelling aeronautical samples. This article focuses on characterisation of the arc channel, aiming at establishing the evolution of its physical properties during swept-stroke for various experimental conditions. Firstly, the experimental coupling of the lightning generator with the electromagnetic launcher and with a wind tunnel is described with a discussion on the representativeness of the experiment. Then, high-speed cameras and voltage and current probes are used to measure the electrical and geometrical behaviour of the electric arc channel during a swept-stroke. The shape, the length, the voltage and the power evolution of the arc channel are evaluated for different input parameters such as speed, polarity, arc current and sample length. Furthermore, the influence of these parameters on the temperature of the arc channel is studied, resorting to an optical emission spectroscopy technique. The results are presented and discussed with the objective of providing a physical insight into arc elongation phenomenology during a swept-stroke.
Effect of atomic anti-site disorder on the anisotropic magnetoresistance in Fe50Co50 alloys
Authors: Zhang Mingsong , Peng Bin , Zhang Wanli , Zhang Wenxu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In order to understand the anti-site disorder effect on the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) of alloys,

Fe

50

C
o

50

alloys were studied in this work using the fully relativistic spin-polarized Korringa–Kohn–Rostoker method. The anti-site disorder was modeled by interchanging Fe and Co atoms and treated by the coherent potential approximation. It is found that the anti-site disorder broadens the spectral function and decreases the conductivity. Our work emphasizes that the absolute variations of resistivity under magnetic moment rotation are less affected by atomic disorder. The annealing procedure improves the AMR by reduction of the total resistivity. At the same time, we also find that the fourth-order term in the angular dependent resistivity becomes weaker when the disorder increases, resulting from increased scattering of the states around the band-crossing.
Stability and mixing behavior of vanadium-iron oxide monolayers on Pt(111) and Ru(0001) substrates
Authors: Goniakowski J , Wemhoff P I , Nilius N , Noguera C 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Cation mixing is a well-recognized means to obtain oxides of desired functionality with predetermined structure and stoichiometry, which yet has been only little analyzed at the nanoscale. In this context, we present a comparative analysis of the stability and mixing properties of O-poor and O-rich two-dimensional V–Fe oxides grown on Pt(111) and Ru(0001) surfaces, with the aim of gaining an insight into the role of substrate and oxygen conditions on the accessible Fe contents. We find that due to the high oxygen affinity of the Ru substrate, the mixed O-rich layers are highly stable while the stability of O-poor layers is limited to inaccessibly oxygen-poor environments. In contrast, on the Pt surface, O-poor and O-rich layers coexist with, however, a much lower Fe content in the O-rich phase. We show that cationic mixing (formation of mixed V–Fe pairs) is favored in all considered systems. It results from local cation–cation interactions, reinforced by a site effect in O-rich layers on the Ru substrate. In O-rich layers on Pt, Fe–Fe repulsion is so large that it precludes the possibility of substantial Fe content. These findings highlight the subtle interplay between structural effects, oxygen chemical potential, and substrate characteristics (work function and affinity towards oxygen), which governs the mixing of complex 2D oxide phases on metallic substrates.
The scientific basis for the use of the linear no-threshold (LNT) model at low doses and dose rates in radiological protection
Authors: Laurier Dominique , Billarand Yann , Klokov Dmitry , Leuraud Klervi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The linear no-threshold (LNT) model was introduced into the radiological protection system about 60 years ago, but this model and its use in radiation protection are still debated today. This article presents an overview of results on effects of exposure to low linear-energy-transfer radiation in radiobiology and epidemiology accumulated over the last decade and discusses their impact on the use of the LNT model in the assessment of radiation-related cancer risks at low doses. The knowledge acquired over the past 10 years, both in radiobiology and epidemiology, has reinforced scientific knowledge about cancer risks at low doses. In radiobiology, although certain mechanisms do not support linearity, the early stages of carcinogenesis comprised of mutational events, which are assumed to play a key role in carcinogenesis, show linear responses to doses from as low as 10 mGy. The impact of non-mutational mechanisms on the risk of radiation-related cancer at low doses is currently difficult to assess. In epidemiology, the results show excess cancer risks at dose levels of 100 mGy or less. While some recent results indicate non-linear dose relationships for some cancers, overall, the LNT model does not substantially overestimate the risks at low doses. Recent results, in radiobiology or in epidemiology, suggest that a dose threshold, if any, could not be greater than a few tens of mGy. The scientific knowledge currently available does not contradict the use of the LNT model for the assessment of radiation-related cancer risks within the radiological protection system, and no other dose-risk relationship seems more appropriate for radiological protection purposes.
A heterogeneous hardware scheme for accelerating the image reconstruction process of electrical tomography
Authors: Cui Ziqiang , Sun Can , Yang Pengyu , Wang Huaxiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Currently, most of the electrical tomography measurement systems are developed on microcontroller units, digital signal processors, or field programmable gate arrays, whereas image reconstruction and display functions are implemented in a separate host computer. Therefore, the complete hardware usually comprises a measurement system and an image reconstruction computer. The current trend is to develop industrial standard electrical tomography systems, which can implement the image reconstruction and measurement functions into an integrated processor/chip. However, most of the above mentioned processors do not provide the necessary computational resources as required by the computationally intensive image reconstruction function. This paper describes a hardware scheme for implementing image reconstruction functions on a heterogeneous hardware platform, wherein the processor system and programmable logics (PLs) are tightly coupled and can achieve better resource utilization and overall system performance. By adopting a high-level synthesis method, the image reconstruction algorithms can be realized jointly by the PLs and processor system. In this hardware scheme, the algorithms are properly optimized to achieve better data throughput and execution efficiency, that is, by utilizing parallel computation in PLs. Details of the hardware scheme and method of accelerating the image reconstruction process are presented in this paper. Implementation results show that the proposed heterogeneous hardware scheme can achieve the image reconstruction rates of 24 and 1700 frames per second while employing the iterative and non-iterative algorithms, respectively.