bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment of an Agrobacterium‐mediated transformation system for the genetic engineering of Linum grandiflorum Desf.
Authors: Gad Karol , Levchuk Hanna , Kappel Christian , Lenhard Michael 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGenetic transformation is a powerful tool in plant biotechnology. However, its application is limited to species that are well‐studied and easy to transform. There is a critical need to establish transformation protocols for non‐model species. A stable transformation method using Agrobacterium rhizogenes for hairy root transformation and regeneration of transgenic Linum grandiflorum was established. This protocol shows the successful co‐transformation of different T‐DNA fragments from both the native Ri plasmid and the binary vector with the reporter gene. Hairy roots were produced after inoculation with Agrobacterium rhizogenes from which later shoots were formed from the callus, and subsequently, whole plants were regenerated. This protocol significantly facilitates genomic studies in Linum grandiflorum, particularly in investigating genes at the S‐locus supergene, which are crucial for understanding self‐incompatibility. Moreover, the established transformation method enables the production of hairy root lines, which can be utilized for the biosynthesis of medically useful and commercially valuable plant metabolites.
Activation, Work and Well‐Being: Theory, Evidence and Policy Implications
Authors: Whitworth Adam 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTDespite the centrality of activation, paid work and well‐being to advanced welfare systems their inter‐relationships remain fragmented and underdeveloped in scholarship and policy. The present article makes original contributions to theory, evidence and policy in this context. Theoretically the article presents the two alternative accounts of these relationships and argues for their integration into a single framework. Empirically, path analyses within multivariate structural equation models examine this novel integrated theorisation quantitatively for the first time in the literature using the policy case study of a UK‐based voluntary Individual Placement and Support (IPS) activation programme for people with substance misuse issues. The findings support our integrated theoretical framework and highlight the direct importance of activation programmes to client well‐being through programme participation alongside their indirect well‐being importance through the well‐being effects of resulting paid work transitions. The well‐being implications for policy and practice are significant and further research is needed to further develop our understanding of how different activation approaches affect well‐being both directly and through its shaping of differing employment types and trajectories.
UAVs and Social Science: A Transformative Perspective
Authors: Kemarau Ricky Anak , Mohd Jaafar Wan Shafrina Wan , Sakawi Zaini , Abu Bakar Nurul Asyiqin , Muhmad Kamarulzaman Aisyah Marliza , Suab Stanley Anak , Eboy Oliver Valentine , Harun Siti Norliyana , Sa'adi Zulfaqar 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveThis study highlights the transformative impact of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in social sciences, revealing their growing importance across methodologies and ethical considerations. Initially prominent in military use, UAVs now significantly benefit civilian and academic domains, including anthropology, geography, and archaeology. A comprehensive literature review assesses UAV integration into these fields, emphasizing innovative applications and case studies that demonstrate their value in enhancing data collection and research capabilities. UAVs’ ability to gather detailed, wide‐ranging geographical information efficiently underscores their methodological revolution in social science research. This paper underscores UAVs’ potential for deeper analysis and the ethical challenges they pose, forecasting their profound effect on future research trends by marrying technological advances with ethical mindfulness. In moving forward, this study advocates for interdisciplinary collaborations and the development of robust ethical frameworks to maximize the benefits of UAVs while mitigating potential risks, paving the way for their responsible and impactful application in social science research.
Early‐Delayed Radiotoxicity Associated With Stereotactic Radiation Therapy Following a Daily 6 Gy × 5 (30 Gy) Protocol for Presumed Canine Intracranial Meningiomas
Authors: Elliott James 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTEarly‐delayed side effects (EDSEs) following treatment of canine intracranial meningiomas with 1–3‐fraction stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT) can cause worsening neurologic signs, and one potential method of mitigating this toxicity is reducing the dose per fraction. Twenty dogs with imaging‐diagnosed intracranial meningiomas and telephone follow‐up of at least 6 months received a protocol of 6 Gy × 5, daily (30 Gy). A ‘possible EDSE’ was defined as mental dullness, neurologic exacerbation of existing neurologic signs or new neurologic signs occurring within 1‐4 months of completing SRT, regardless of the response to steroids and even if an MRI was not performed. A ‘probable EDSE’ was defined as mental dullness, neurologic exacerbation of existing neurologic signs or new neurologic signs occurring within 1‐4 months of completing SRT. These signs were either reversible with the initiation or increased doses of prednisolone, or follow‐up MRI revealed no evidence of an alternate explanation. No dogs experienced acute radiotoxicity or clinical signs compatible with EDSEs. The protocol appears to result in limited acute radiotoxicity, and further evaluation of the frequency of long‐term toxicities and relative efficacy should be undertaken.
Update to the PRISMA guidelines for network meta-analyses and scoping reviews and development of guidelines for rapid reviews: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Veroniki Areti Angeliki , Hutton Brian , Stevens Adrienne , McKenzie Joanne E. , Page Matthew J. , Moher David , McGowan Jessie , Straus Sharon E. , Li Tianjing , Munn Zachary , Pollock Danielle , Colquhoun Heather , Godfrey Christina , Smith Maureen , Tufte Janice , Logan Sherrie , Catalá-López Ferrán , Tovey David , Franco Juan V.A. , Chang Stephanie , Garritty Chantelle , Hartling Lisa , Horsley Tanya , Langlois Etienne V. , McInnes Matthew , Offringa Martin , Welch Vivian , Pritchard Chris , Khalil Hanan , Mittmann Nicole , Peters Micah , Konstantinidis Menelaos , Elsman Ellen B.M. , Kelly Shannon E. , Aldcroft Adrian , Thirugnanasampanthar Sai Surabi , Dourka Jasmeen , Neupane Dipika , Well George , Akl Elie , Wilson Michael , Soares-Weiser Karla , Tricco Andrea C. 
Published: January 2025

Objective:
The objective of this scoping review is to develop a list of items for potential inclusion in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines for network meta-analysis (NMA), scoping reviews (ScRs), and rapid reviews (RRs).

Introduction:
The PRISMA extensions for NMA and ScRs were published in 2015 and 2018. However, since then, their methodologies and innovations, including automation, have evolved. There is no reporting guideline for RRs. In 2020, an updated PRISMA statement was published, reflecting advances in the conduct and reporting of systematic reviews. These advances are not yet incorporated into these PRISMA extensions. We will update our previous methods scoping reviews to inform the update of PRISMA-NMA and PRISMA-ScR as well as the development of the PRISMA-RR reporting guidelines.

Inclusion criteria:
This review will include any study designs evaluating the completeness of reporting, or offering reporting guidance, or assessing methods relevant to NMA, ScRs, or RRs. Editorial guidelines and tutorials that describe items related to reporting completeness will also be eligible.

Methods:
We will follow the JBI guidance for scoping reviews. For each PRISMA extension, we will (1) search multiple electronic databases from inception, (2) search for unpublished studies, and (3) scan the reference lists of included studies. There will be no language limitations. Screening and data extraction will be conducted by 2 researchers independently. A third researcher will resolve discrepancies. We will conduct frequency analyses of the identified items. The final list of items will be considered for potential inclusion in the relevant PRISMA reporting guidelines.

Review registration:
NMA protocol (OSF: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/7BKWY); ScR protocol (OSF: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/MTA4P); RR protocol (OSF: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/3JCPE); EQUATOR registration link: https://www.equator-network.org/library/reporting-guidelines-under-development/reporting-guidelines-under-development-for-systematic-reviews/
Frequency Domain Identification of an Industrial Delta Robot and Motion Correction
Authors: Gnad Daniel , Gattringer Hubert , Müller Andreas 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Delta robots are prominent examples of agile parallel kinematic machines (PKMs) designed for highly dynamic pick-and-place tasks. Optimized minimum time trajectories lead to dynamic load cycles, induce vibrations, and cause overshooting of the end effector (EE) due to the flexibility of the PKM. Crucial to mitigate these effects by means of model-based control is a dynamics model that accounts for the principal elastic compliance, such as gear stiffness and structural elasticities. However, robot manufacturers do not provide data on the structural stiffness. Also, established dynamics identification methods cannot determine stiffness and damping parameters. In this article, a two-step frequency domain identification method is proposed to identify elastic properties by examples of an industrial Delta robot. As a peculiarity of the Delta PKM, the identification is carried out when the platform is removed and for the complete PKM. This allows distinguishing elasticities of the gear-drive units and of the struts. The identified parameters are employed for motion correction to avoid overshooting. This correction does not interfere with the original planning and control function of the industrial robot. Three motion correction schemes (preloading of drives, quasistatic correction, flatness based) are compared. Laser tracker measurements of the EE confirm a drastic reduction of overshooting and thus an increase in the overall tracking accuracy.
Standing or Very Low-Intensity Cycling as Sedentary Breaks: Does Physical Activity Level Matter?
Authors: Metz Lore , Guirado Terry , Moore Halim , Brun Carole , Pereira Bruno , Thivel David , Duclos Martine , Isacco Laurie 
Published: January 2025

Background: Active breaks and very low- to low-intensity exercises such as walking or cycling at an active desk have been shown to significantly counteract the negative effect of prolonged sedentary behaviors. The objective was to investigate the effect of physical activity level (PAL) on changes in energy expenditure (EE), heart rate, and substrate oxidation from sit-to-stand and sit-to-light cycling. Methods: Fifty healthy young males and females (age: 23.9 [3.9] y, body mass index: 22.9 [2.3] kg/m2) were submitted to a fixed 1 hour session of different posture allocations: 15-minute sitting, 15-minute standing, 15-minute sitting, and 15-minute very low-intensity cycling. EE, substrate oxidation rates, and heart rate were continuously assessed throughout the experimental visit. Data were then compared between participants according to their PAL in tertiles (low, medium, or high). The high-PAL group showed lower sedentary time (P < .0001) and higher time spent in low (P < .0001), moderate (P < .0001), and vigorous physical activity (P = .0034). Results: ANOVA’s analysis showed that EE significantly increased when standing (+11%) and cycling (+94%) relative to the seated position (P < .05) without any differences between groups. There was also a significant increase in heart rate during standing and cycling compared with sitting (P < .05) without any differences between groups. Relative EE (in kilocalories per minute per kilogram) was significantly higher when seated (P < .05) independent of PAL but marginally higher in the high-PAL group when standing relative to the medium-PAL group (P = .06). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that people’s PAL does not impact energetic and metabolic adaptations during sit-to-stand and sit-to-very-light-intensity cycling exercise.
The Effect of Myofascial Release Applied to Thoracolumbar Fascia on Flexibility, Muscular Endurance, and Balance in Healthy Young Adults: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Ozdemir Hatice , Bas Aslan Ummuhan , Tonak Hasan Atacan , Kal Ibrahim Cagda 
Published: January 2025

Context: Although cranial distant effects occur in self-myofascial release interventions for lower-extremity muscles and fascia, the results of caudal distant effects are still unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the distant effects of myofascial release applied to the thoracolumbar fascia together with exercise training on balance, lower-extremity flexibility, and muscular endurance in healthy young adults. Design: Single-blinded randomized control trial design. Methods: Thirty-six healthy participants aged 18–35 years were randomly divided into 3 groups: myofascial release and exercise group (group 1, n = 12), exercise group (group 2, n = 12), and control group (group 3, n = 12). Three days a week for 4 weeks, group 1 applied the thoracolumbar fascia foam roller massage together with the warm-up, muscular endurance, balance, and stretching exercise program, and group 2 applied the same exercise program except for the foam roller massage. No intervention was made in group 3. Flexibility was assessed with sit and reach test, muscular endurance with the 1-minute sit to stand test, and balance with star excursion balance test before the intervention and at the end of the fourth week. Results: Flexibility, muscular endurance, and dynamic balance values increased significantly in groups 1 and 2 after the intervention (P < .05). When the difference values (Δ) of groups 1 and 2 were compared, there was a difference in favor of group 1 for flexibility, muscular endurance, and dynamic balance (P < .05). Conclusions: The results of the study showed that the effect of the distant myofascial release technique added to the exercise training on flexibility, muscular endurance, and dynamic balance was greater than the exercise training alone.
Comparing the Hip and Lumbar Joint Range of Motion in Patients With Lower Lumbar Disc Herniation and Healthy Subjects
Authors: Mirzapour Mahdieh , Shahpari Omid , Mostafaee Neda , Akhlaghi Saeed , Shahbazi Majid 
Published: January 2025

Background: One possible factor contributing to low back pain is hip range of motion (ROM). However, there is inconstancy in published studies, which may be due to the heterogeneity of patients. Therefore, the present study focuses on the relationship between hip ROM and lower lumbar disc herniation (LLDH). Method: A cross-sectional study involved 52 participants between 18 and 65 years old. Two digital inclinometers were utilized to measure the ROM of the lumbar and hip joints in all study participants. For each outcome, 2 measurements were conducted, and the mean of the 2 measurements was utilized for analysis. The level of statistical significance was established at P ≤ .05. Results: The difference in all ROM between the 2 groups is significant except for dominant hip flexion (P < .05). Lumbar flexion was reduced in LLDH compared with healthy individuals (P = .003). The findings manifested a significant correlation between right lumbar rotation and nondominant hip abduction (P = .05, R = .388) and between left lumbar lateral bending and nondominant hip flexion (P = .008, R = .510). Conclusion: Patients with LLDH have reduced hip ROM and lumbar flexion compared with healthy individuals. The study showed correlations between hip and lumbar ROM and emphasized the significance of evaluating hip ROM in LLDH for assessment and treatment planning.
Test–Retest Reliability and Reliable Change Estimates for Sensorimotor Concussion Assessments in Healthy Young Adults
Authors: Edwards Gregory C. , Bruggeman Alex E. , Fogt Nick , Onate James A. , Bliss Rebecca A. , Quatman-Yates Catherine C. , Caccese Jaclyn B. 
Published: January 2025

Context: Sensorimotor impairments are common sequela following concussion, but recovery following a concussion is often determined through examiner scored clinical testing. There are emerging technologies that provide objective methods to determine physiological impairment after concussion, but the psychometrics of these tools are lacking and must be established for use in clinical practice. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the test–retest reliability and provide reliable change estimates in healthy young adults for outcomes from 3 emerging technologies providing objective assessments of sensorimotor function in healthy young adults. Design: Test–retest reliability design in a laboratory setting. Methods: Healthy, young adults completed testing at 2 time points 4 weeks apart on the Bertec Vision Trainer, the Concussion Balance Test (COBALT), and the Neurolign Dx-100 eye-tracking system. We determined test–retest reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients with a 2-way mixed-effects model absolute agreement. Reliable change estimates were calculated for 70%, 80%, 90%, and 95% CIs. Results: Participants included 30 healthy young adults (age = 25 [5] y, interquartile range = 20–29; range = 18–38; 17% [57%] women). Test–retest reliability for the Bertec Vision Trainer outcomes ranged from 0.56 to 0.88, with 45% of the outcomes being classified as clinically acceptable (>.70 intraclass correlation coefficients ); for COBALT conditions, sway velocity ranged from 0.50 to 0.95, 95% ellipse area ranged from −0.22 to 0.88, and Sway Score ranged from 0.07 to 0.85, with 50% of COBALT metrics being clinically acceptable; and for the Dx-100, outcomes ranged from −0.20 to 0.89, with 52% being clinically acceptable. Conclusions: Overall, test–retest reliability was moderate-to-good for the Bertec Vision Trainer assessment outcomes but were highly variable for outcomes of postural control using the COBALT and eye-tracking metrics using the Dx-100. This study adds clinically relevant test–retest reliability and reliable change estimates in healthy adults for 3 commercially available sensorimotor assessments.
Outcomes of extremely preterm infants who participated in a randomised trial of dopamine for treatment of hypotension (the HIP trial) at 2 years corrected age
Authors: Marlow Neil , Barrington Keith J , ODonnell Colm Patrick Finbarr , Miletin Jan , Naulaers Gunnar , Cheung Po-Yin , Corcoran John David , Khuffash El , Boylan Geraldine B , Livingstone Vicki , Pons Gerard , Straňák Zbyněk , Van Laere David , Macko Jozef , Wiedermannova Hana , Dempsey Eugene M 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveTo determine survival and neurodevelopmental outcomes in the Hypotension in Preterm (HIP) trial.DesignProspective follow-up of infants enrolled in randomised controlled trial.Participants58 infants born before 28 weeks of gestation with low mean arterial blood pressure.InterventionRandom allocation to treatment of low blood pressure values with infusion of dopamine or placebo.Primary outcomeSurvival without neurodevelopmental impairment to 24 months corrected age (CA).ResultsThe HIP trial stopped early due to logistic and recruitment difficulties. Outcomes were determined for 55 infants (27 in the dopamine group and 28 in the placebo group) at 24 months CA. Survival without impairment was present in 13 (48%) infants in the dopamine group and 7 (25%) infants in the placebo group (OR 2.79 (95% CI 0.89, 8.72); p=0.078). The components of the primary outcome were similarly distributed between the two arms. Mean Bayley composite scores and the frequency of somatic impairments did not differ significantly between groups but infants were shorter and lighter at 2 years of age after dopamine administration.ConclusionIn this placebo-controlled trial of the treatment of hypotension in extremely preterm infants, dopamine administration did not increase survival without impairment at 2 years CA. However, the study was not sufficiently powered and a clinically important effect cannot be excluded. The role of inotropic medication in facilitating good outcomes requires further study.
Outcome evaluation and cost-effectiveness analysis for an integrated multidisciplinary diabetic limb salvage program: a combined observational and simulation study
Authors: Ge Lixia , Sun Yan , Tan Elaine , Liew Huiling , Hoe Jeremy , Lin Jaime , Molina Joseph , Ang Gary , Zhu Xiaoli , Low Kai Qiang , Yap Theophilus , Azmi Nur Aberleen Syafirah Binte , Yong Enming , Chew Tiffany , Koo Hui Yan , Law Chelsea , Chan Dexter Yak Seng , Shi Claris , Choo Julia , Hoi Wai Han , Chandraskear Sadhana , Lim Jo Ann , Siow Jemes , Kaspon Sabariah Binte , Tavintharan Subramaniam , Chew Daniel , Abisheganaden John , Lo Zhiwen Joseph 
Published: January 2025

IntroductionTo compare the clinical outcomes and healthcare utilization of patients enrolled in the multidisciplinary Diabetic Foot in Primary and Tertiary (DEFINITE) Care program with a matched historical cohort and estimate the program’s long-term cost-effectiveness using simulation.Research design and methodsThis study consisted of two components: a 1-year observational outcome evaluation and a long-term simulation-based cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA). We conducted an observational study to analyze 2798 patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) enrolled in the program between June 2020 and June 2021 (DEFINITE Care group) and 5462 patients with DFUs from June 2016 to December 2017 as historical controls. One-to-one propensity score matching (PSM) with replacement was conducted to estimate the treatment effect of the program on clinical outcomes and healthcare utilization over 1 year. For the simulation component, a long-term CEA was performed using a Markov state transition model on a simulated cohort of 10 000 patients with DFUs over a 20-year period, assessing transitions between health states, including minor and major amputations and death. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was calculated for the DEFINITE Care program relative to routine care.ResultsThe estimation of average treatment effects based on propensity scores showed that the DEFINITE Care group exhibited a 9% lower mortality, 5% higher lower extremity amputation (LEA)-free survival, yet a 5% higher minor LEA rate compared with the matched historical controls. Additionally, they experienced fewer inpatient admissions (0.98 fewer episodes) and shorter hospital stays (5.5 fewer days) within 1 year (p-value <0.001). The ICER was US$22 707 (SE: 430) per quality-adjusted life year gained, indicating long-term cost-effectiveness. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis supported these findings.ConclusionsThe integrated multidisciplinary DEFINITE Care program improved LEA-free survival, reduced inpatient admissions and length of stay within 1 year and demonstrated long-term cost-effectiveness managing DFUs.