bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermochemical Expansion and Protonic and Electronic Hole Conductivity of Grain Interior and Grain Boundaries in 10 Mole% Y‐Substituted SrZrO3
Authors: Jiang Lulu , Norby Truls , Han Donglin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProton conducting acceptor‐doped SrZrO3 has a history as long as that of BaZrO3, but has attracted less interest. Inspired by its higher transport number of ionic conduction in wet oxygen revealed by our recent work, we here explore further aspects of doped SrZrO3 as electrolyte in proton ceramic electrochemical cells. In‐situ high temperature XRD (HT‐XRD) analysis of SrZr0.9Y0.1O3−δ (SZY10) indicated an anisotropic chemical expansion of hydration, stronger along the b than the a direction, and negative in the c direction. A systematic electromotive force (EMF) and impedance spectroscopy study as a function of
and
allowed determination of partial conductivities of electron holes and ions (mainly protons) in bulk (grain interior) and grain boundaries. Enthalpies and preexponentials were determined and interpreted for bulk and grain boundary partial conductivities based on defect chemistry and a brick layer model. The hole conductivity in bulk is modest and ensures high ionic transport numbers in oxidizing atmospheres, while grain boundaries exhibit lower ionic transport numbers from a relatively higher hole conductivity attributed primarily to tunnelling past the deepest part of the space charge region. Y‐doped SrZrO3 (SZY) materials exhibit lower proton conductivities but excel over Y‐doped BaZrO3 (BZY) in terms of thermal expansion compatibility with electrode materials and higher ionic transport numbers in oxidizing atmospheres and may hence be candidates for functional layers between BZY‐based electrolytes and positrodes in proton ceramic electrochemical cells.
HRG inhibits liver cancer lung metastasis by suppressing neutrophil extracellular trap formation
Authors: Yin Yanze , Dai Huijuan , Sun Xicheng , Xi Zhifeng , Zhang Jiang , Pan Yixiao , Huang Yongxin , Ma Xueyun , Xia Qiang , He Kang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundDistant metastasis is a sign of poor prognosis for cancer patients. Extrahepatic liver cancer metastases commonly spread to the lung. Remodelling of the metastatic microenvironment is essential for tumour metastasis. Neutrophil‐associated metastatic microenvironment contributes to the early metastatic colonisation of cancer cells in the lung.MethodThe lung metastasis models were constructed via treated cancer cells by tail vein injection into mice. And samples of lung were harvested at the indicated time to analyze tumor growth and immune cells in the microenvironment. Tumors and lung metastasis specimens were obtained via surgical operations for research purposes. Neutrophils were obtained from peripheral blood of patients with liver cancer or healthy donors (HD).ResultsHepatocellular carcinoma cells reduce the secretion of histidine‐rich glycoprotein (HRG), regulate the recruitment and activation of neutrophils in the metastatic microenvironment and promote the production of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), thereby promoting liver cancer lung metastasis. HRG binds to FCγR1 on the neutrophil membrane while inhibiting PI3K and NF‐κB activation, thereby reducing IL‐8 secretion to reduce neutrophil recruitment. Meanwhile, HRG inhibited IL8‐MAPK and NF‐κB pathway activation and ROS production, resulting in reduced NETs formation.ConclusionsOur study reveals that liver cancer regulates neutrophil recruitment and NETs formation in the metastatic microenvironment by reducing HRG secretion, thereby promoting tumour lung metastasis. The results of this study will contribute to the development of possible strategies for treating metastases.
A case report of a patient with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction presented as dysphagia
Authors: Leonidou Elena , Ioannou Maria , Mavrommatis Petros , Mouzarou Angeliki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDysphagia is a common clinical symptom in older people that can be attributed to a wide range of diseases, extending from neoplasm to gastroesophageal reflux diseases such as stroke or achalasia. We are presenting a case of a 78‐year‐old male with a history of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and progressive dysphagia, due to a rare case, namely, dysphagia megalatriensis. Even though left ventricular ejection fraction was preserved, the patient improved, when we provided him with optimal medical heart failure with reduced ejection fraction treatment. In our case report, we intend to highlight the benefits of optimized medical therapy in a patient with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, due to mitral valve regurgitation leading to a hugely dilated left atrium.
DDoS attacks and machine‐learning‐based detection methods: A survey and taxonomy
Authors: Najafimehr Mohammad , Zarifzadeh Sajjad , Mostafavi Seyedakbar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDistributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks represent a significant cybersecurity challenge, posing a critical risk to computer networks. Developing an effective defense mechanism against these attacks is crucial but challenging, given their diverse attack types, network and computing platform heterogeneity, and complex communication protocols. Moreover, the emergence of innovative DDoS attack methods presents a formidable threat to existing countermeasures. Various machine learning techniques have shown promise in detecting DDoS attacks with low false‐positive rates and high detection rates. This survey paper offers a comprehensive taxonomy of machine learning‐based methods for detecting DDoS attacks, reviewing supervised, unsupervised, hybrid approaches, and analyzing the related challenges. Further, we explore relevant datasets, highlighting their strengths and limitations, and propose future research directions to address the current gaps in this domain. This paper aims to provide a profound understanding of DDoS attack detection mechanisms, aiding researchers, and practitioners in developing effective cybersecurity approaches against such attacks. This research is essential because DDoS attacks are diverse and pose a formidable threat to computer networks, and various machine learning techniques have shown promise in detecting them. Its implications include providing insights that can inform the development of robust defense mechanisms against DDoS attacks.
Identifying epileptogenic abnormalities through spatial clustering of MEG interictal band power
Authors: Owen Thomas W. , Janiukstyte Vytene , Hall Gerard R. , Horsley Jonathan J. , McEvoy Andrew , Miserocchi Anna , de Tisi Jane , Duncan John S. , Rugg‐Gunn Fergus , Wang Yujiang , Taylor Peter N. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSuccessful epilepsy surgery depends on localizing and resecting cerebral abnormalities and networks that generate seizures. Abnormalities, however, may be widely distributed across multiple discontiguous areas. We propose spatially constrained clusters as candidate areas for further investigation and potential resection. We quantified the spatial overlap between the abnormality cluster and subsequent resection, hypothesizing a greater overlap in seizure‐free patients. Thirty‐four individuals with refractory focal epilepsy underwent pre‐surgical resting‐state interictal magnetoencephalography (MEG) recording. Fourteen individuals were totally seizure‐free (ILAE 1) after surgery and 20 continued to have some seizures post‐operatively (ILAE 2+). Band power abnormality maps were derived using controls as a baseline. Patient abnormalities were spatially clustered using the k‐means algorithm. The tissue within the cluster containing the most abnormal region was compared with the resection volume using the dice score. The proposed abnormality cluster overlapped with the resection in 71% of ILAE 1 patients. Conversely, an overlap only occurred in 15% of ILAE 2+ patients. This effect discriminated outcome groups well (AUC = 0.82). Our novel approach identifies clusters of spatially similar tissue with high abnormality. This is clinically valuable, providing (a) a data‐driven framework to validate current hypotheses of the epileptogenic zone localization or (b) to guide further investigation.
Pro‐Inflammatory Proteins Associated with Frailty and Its Progression—A Longitudinal Study in Community‐Dwelling Women
Authors: Mitchell Adam , Malmgren Linnea , Bartosch Patrik , McGuigan Fiona Elizabeth , Akesson Kristina E. 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTThe complex pathophysiology underlying biological aging creates challenges for identifying biomarkers associated with frailty. This longitudinal, nontargeted proteomics study aimed to identify proteins associated with frailty, particularly the change from nonfrail to frail. The population‐based Osteoporosis Prospective Risk Assessment cohort includes women all of whom are 75 years old at inclusion (n = 1044) and reassessed at 80 years (n = 715) and 85 years (n = 382). A deficits in health frailty index (FI) and 92 plasma proteins (Olink CVD‐II panel) were available at all ages. The identical age facilitated differentiating chronological and biological aging. Bidirectional analyses, performed cross‐sectionally and longitudinally, used regression models controlled for false discovery rate (FDR), across 5‐ and 10‐year time windows and longitudinal mixed models. Frailty outcomes were frailty index, frailty status (frail defined as FI ≥ 0.25), change in frailty index, and change in frailty status, together with protein expression or change in protein expression. Elevated levels of 32 proteins were positively associated with the FI, cross‐sectionally at all ages (range: β‐coefficients 0.22–2.06; FDR 0.021–0.024), of which 18 were also associated with frailty status (range: odds ratios 1.40–5.77; FDR 0.022–0.016). Based on the accrued data, eight core proteins (CD4, FGF23, Gal‐9, PAR‐1, REN, TNFRSF10A TNFRSF11A, and TNFRSF10B) are proposed. A one‐unit change in the FI was additively associated with increased protein expression over 5 and 10 years (range: β‐coefficients 0.52–1.59;p < 0.001). Increments in baseline FI consistently associated with a change in protein expression over time (5 years, β‐range 0.05–1.35; 10 years, β‐range 0.51–1.48; allp < 0.001). A one‐unit increase in protein expression was also associated with an increased probability of being frail (FI ≥ 0.25) (β‐range: 0.14–0.61). Mirroring the multisystem deterioration that typifies frailty, the proteins and their associated biological pathways reflect pathologies, including the renal system, skeletal homeostasis, and TRAIL‐activated apoptotic signaling. The core proteins are compelling candidates for understanding the development and progression of frailty with advancing age, including the intrinsic musculoskeletal component. © 2023 The Authors.Journal of Bone and Mineral Researchpublished by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Weight variability, physical functioning and incident disability in older adults
Authors: McMenamin Katie J. , Harris Tamara B. , Baker Joshua F. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to determine if greater variability in body mass index (BMI) is associated with declines in physical functioning and incident disability in older adults.MethodsIncluded were participants from the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study who had semi‐annual BMI data during the first 3 years of follow‐up. Participants were categorized into quintiles of BMI variability, using two methods. The first method used average successive variability, whereas the second method adjusted these values to remove the variability due to net change in BMI over the 3‐year period. Linear regression was used to assess the relationship between the two measures of BMI variability and net changes in BMI, fat mass index, appendicular lean mass index, and Health, Aging and Body Composition Physical Performance Score during the first 3 years of the study. Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the relationship of BMI variability with the subsequent incidence of new disability, adjusting for confounding factors.ResultsAmong 2121 participants, those in the highest BMI variability quintile were more likely to lose both body mass (β: −0.086 [95% confidence interval, CI: −0.133, −0.040], P < 0.01) and fat mass (β: −0.059 [95% CI: −0.117, −0.002], P = 0.04) and had greater declines in physical performance score (β: −0.094 [95% CI: −0.162, −0.026], P < 0.01) compared to participants with the least variability in BMI. Participants with high BMI variability also had higher rates of incident disability (hazard ratio: 1.36 [95% CI: 1.07, 1.72], P = 0.01), independent of net BMI change.ConclusionsBMI variability in older adults is associated with decline in physical performance and incident disability. This relationship cannot be explained by net weight loss alone, supporting it as an independent feature of frailty.
Bioactive compounds in cruciferous sprouts and microgreens and the effects of sulfur nutrition
Authors: Zeng Wenjing , Yang Jing , He Yong , Zhu Zhujun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCruciferous sprouts and microgreens are a good source of bioactive compounds for human health as they are rich in glucosinolates, polyphenols, carotenoids, and vitamins. Glucosinolates – sulfur‐containing bioactive phytochemicals – have anti‐cancer effects. They mainly exist in cruciferous vegetables. Sulfur is one of the essential elements for plants and is an indispensable component of glucosinolates. This paper summarizes the nutritional value of cruciferous spouts and microgreens, along with the effects of sulfur nutrition on bioactive phytochemical compounds of cruciferous sprouts and microgreens, especially glucosinolates, with the aim of providing information about the dietary effects of cruciferous sprouts and microgreens. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Legalize text recycling
Authors: Moskovitz Cary , Hansen David R. , Yelverton Mitchell 
Published: May 2023

Key points
Text recycling is the reuse of material from an author's own prior work in a new document.
While the ethical aspects of text recycling have received considerable attention, the legal aspects have been largely ignored or inaccurately portrayed.
Copyright laws and publisher contracts are difficult to interpret and highly variable, making it difficult for authors or editors to know when text recycling in research writing is legal or illegal.
We argue that publishers should revise their author contracts to make text recycling explicitly legal as long as authors follow ethics‐based guidelines.
Opioid‐limiting legislation and prescribing habits of otolaryngologists among Medicare beneficiaries
Authors: Kim Yun Ji , Kim Ian , Badash Ido , West Jonathan , Hur Kevin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo identify changes in otolaryngologists' opioid prescribing trends for Medicare beneficiaries associated with the enactment of state laws that limit the duration of prescriptions to 3–7 days in the years 2016 and 2017 in the United States.MethodsThrough the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) database, we retrieved data on Medicare enrollment and on the total days prescribed and total number of beneficiaries for the drugs codeine/acetaminophen, hydrocodone/acetaminophen, oxycodone HCl, oxycodone/acetaminophen, and tramadol HCl, by each otolaryngologist prescriber in 13 states from January 2013 to December 2019. We modeled trends using linear spline regression models that controlled for Medicare beneficiaries' state‐level socio‐demographic characteristics' fixed effects.ResultsAcross the 13 states, the number of days of all five opioids prescribed per beneficiary declined by 8.35 (SD = 12.61). The most commonly prescribed opioid type by otolaryngologists during the 5‐year study period was tramadol HCl (28.72 days/beneficiary) followed by oxycodone HCl (19.99 days/beneficiary). All opioids had declines in prescription days over this time window and higher rates of decline in the years following law passage. Four states experienced statistically significant declines in the prescriptions of all opioids after the year of legislation passage (p < .05). Some states that had the greatest inclines in opioid prescriptions in the years prior to law enactment also experienced the greatest reductions in the time after legislation enactment.ConclusionsOpioid prescribing practices of otolaryngologists may have been affected by opioid prescription duration limiting laws passed in 13 states in 2016 and 2017.Level of EvidenceLevel 4.
Late‐season nitrogen uptake across the western coastal Alaskan Arctic
Authors: Stanley Brianna C. , Sipler Rachel E. , Roberts Quinn N. , Spackeen Jenna L. , Norton E. Zane , Bronk Deborah A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProductivity in the Arctic is expected to increase as temperatures and the number of open water days rise. With this increased productivity, the coastal shelves of the Arctic Ocean may act as a sink for atmospheric carbon. However, this storage is dependent on a sufficient nitrogen (N) supply and current literature on biogeochemical rates of N uptake in this region is severely limited. Here, we report the spatial extent and rate at which the aquatic microbial community utilizes inorganic and organic N substrates in the Alaskan Arctic during late summer. Uptake rates (> 0.3 μm) were measured in 2016 and 2017 using isotopically labeled ammonium (), nitrate (), urea, and mixed algal amino acids. Rates of regeneration were also measured to investigate the contribution of remineralized N to primary production. Primary production was estimated using isotopically labeled bicarbonate. We found that N species uptake varied by location. Although was the form of N taken up at the greatest rate at most sites, we also found that uptake rates of urea could be greater than and that amino acid uptake was widespread. Supporting previous studies, uptake rates were correlated with primary production rates. Variability in nutrient reservoirs and sampling conditions in the Chukchi Sea between the 2 yr were responsible for some of the variances observed in estimated recycling rates and primary production. Understanding which N sources support this late‐season primary production requires obtaining uptake rates for a diverse range of inorganic and organic N substrates.
Amyloid‐Like Assembly to Form Film at Interfaces: Structural Transformation and Application
Authors: Han Qian , Tao Fei , Yang Peng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProtein‐based biomaterials are attracting broad interest for their remarkable structural and functional properties. Disturbing the native protein's three‐dimensional structural stability in vitro and controlling subsequent aggregation is an effective strategy to design and construct protein‐based biomaterials. One of the recent developments in regulating protein structural transformation to ordered aggregation is amyloid assembly, which generates fibril‐based 1D to 3D nanostructures as functional materials. Especially, the amyloid‐like assembly to form films at interfaces has been reported, which is induced by the effective reduction of the intramolecular disulfide bond. The main contribution of this amyloid‐like assembly is the large‐scale formation of protein films at interfaces and excellent adhesion to target substrates. This review presents the research progress of the amyloid‐like assembly to form films and related applications and thereby provides a guide to exploiting protein‐based biomaterials.
Nontargeted metabolomics analysis of follicular fluid in patients with endometriosis provides a new direction for the study of oocyte quality
Authors: Wei Yiqiu , Zhang Zhourui , Zhang Yaoyao , Li Jianan , Ruan Xianqin , Wan Qiongqiong , Yin Tailang , Zou Yujie , Chen Suming , Zhang Yan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEndometriosis is a common, estrogen‐dependent chronic gynecological disease that endangers the reproductive system and systemic metabolism of patients. We aimed to investigate the differences in metabolic profiles in the follicular fluid between infertile patients with endometriosis and controls. A total of 25 infertile patients with endometriosis and 25 infertile controls who were similar in age, BMI, fertilization method and ovulation induction treatment were recruited in this study. Metabolomics analysis of follicular fluid was performed by two methods of high‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. There were 36 upregulated and 17 downregulated metabolites in the follicular fluid of patients in the endometriosis group. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that these metabolites were enriched in phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, aminoacyl‐tRNA biosynthesis, phenylalanine metabolism and pyrimidine metabolism pathways. A biomarker panel consisting of 20 metabolites was constructed by random forest, with an accuracy of 0.946 and an AUC of 0.988. This study characterizes differences in follicular fluid metabolites and associated pathway profiles in infertile patients with endometriosis. These findings can provide a better comprehensive understanding of the disease and a new direction for the study of oocyte quality, as well as potential metabolic markers for the prognosis of endometriosis.
Convergence acceleration of preconditioned conjugate gradient solver based on error vector sampling for a sequence of linear systems
Authors: Iwashita Takeshi , Ikehara Kota , Fukaya Takeshi , Mifune Takeshi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this article, we focus on solving a sequence of linear systems that have identical (or similar) coefficient matrices. For this type of problem, we investigate subspace correction (SC) and deflation methods, which use an auxiliary matrix (subspace) to accelerate the convergence of the iterative method. In practical simulations, these acceleration methods typically work well when the range of the auxiliary matrix contains eigenspaces corresponding to small eigenvalues of the coefficient matrix. We develop a new algebraic auxiliary matrix construction method based on error vector sampling in which eigenvectors with small eigenvalues are efficiently identified in the solution process. We use the generated auxiliary matrix for convergence acceleration in the following solution step. Numerical tests confirm that both SC and deflation methods with the auxiliary matrix can accelerate the solution process of the iterative solver. Furthermore, we examine the applicability of our technique to the estimation of the condition number of the coefficient matrix. We also present the algorithm of the preconditioned conjugate gradient method with condition number estimation.
Transport map Bayesian parameter estimation for dynamical systems
Authors: Grashorn Jan , Urrea-Quintero Jorge-Humberto , Broggi Matteo , Chamoin Ludovic , Beer Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAccurate online state and parameter estimation of uncertain non‐linear dynamical systems is a demanding task that has been traditionally handled by adopting non‐linear Kalman Filters or particle filters. However, in case of Kalman filters the system needs to be linearised and for particle filters the computational demand can be high. Recent advances in optimal transport theory and the application to Bayesian model updating pave the way for other approaches to system and parameter identification. They also provide a way of formulating the problem in such a way that efficient online estimation for complex systems is possible. In this work, we investigate the properties of the transport map approach when compared to standard Markov Chain Monte Carlo in an off‐line setting as a first step towards on‐line parameter estimation. We apply both approaches to an analytical exponential model and a dynamical system with seven unknown parameters subjected to ground displacement. Details on the theory of transport maps and on the used MCMC algorithm are also given.