bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Unravelling the Complexities: Analysis of the European Air Cargo Network through the PEG Framework in the Turbulent Transition from Pre-Covid 2019 to the Pandemic-affected 2020
Authors: Ersöz Cem , Aldemir Hüseyin Önder , Kılıç Sena 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Air cargo transport is a crucial component of the transportation industry, yet it has not been studied as comprehensively as passenger transport. This study is aimed at analysing the structure of Europe's air cargo network with a particular focus on the geography component of PEG analysis (Politics, Economics, and Geography). The study compares pre-Covid 2019 and pandemic-affected 2020 air cargo data. Firstly, it compares the cargo transport performances of European airports and cargo transport routes in these two years. Then, it identifies the structure of the European air cargo network using complex network theory. The study examines 253 nodes (airports) and 1033 edges (routes) in 41 European countries in 2019, and 228 nodes and 936 edges in 2020. The study reveals influential airports for air cargo transportation in Europe, as well as airports that gained or lost importance during the pandemic. A significant finding is that hub-and-hub connections are as important as hub-and-spoke connections in Europe's air cargo transport. The relevance of geographical proximity in assessing transfer hub performance is signified by employing a weighted betweenness measure that employs traffic to distance ratio. Additionally, the study concludes that modularity maximization does not seem to reveal meaningful communities in Europe's air cargo network. Overall, the study provides valuable insights into the structure and dynamics of Europe's air cargo network and highlights areas that warrant further investigation.
Genetic Sex Validation for Sample Tracking in Clinical Testing
Authors: Hu Jianhong , Korchina Viktoriya , Zouk Hana , Harden Maegan V. , Murdock David , Macbeth Alyssa , Harrison Steven M. , Lennon Niall , Kovar Christie , Balasubramanian Adithya , Zhang Lan , Chandanavelli Gauthami , Pasham Divya , Rowley Robb , Wiley Ken , Smith Maureen E. , Gordon Adam , Jarvik Gail P. , Sleiman Patrick , Kelly Melissa A , Bland Harris T. , Murugan Mullai , Venner Eric , Boerwinkle Eric , Prows Cynthia , Mahanta Lisa , Rehm Heidi L. , Gibbs Richard A. , Muzny Donna M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Objective
Data from DNA genotyping via a 96-SNP panel in a study of 25,015 clinical samples were utilized for quality control and tracking of sample identity in a clinical sequencing network. The study aimed to demonstrate the value of both the precise SNP tracking and the utility of the panel for predicting the sex-by-genotype of the participants, to identify possible sample mix-ups.
Results
Precise SNP tracking showed no sample swap errors within the clinical testing laboratories. In contrast, when comparing predicted sex-by-genotype to the provided sex on the test requisition, we identified 110 inconsistencies from 25,015 clinical samples (0.44%), that had occurred during sample collection or accessioning. The genetic sex predictions were confirmed using additional SNP sites in the sequencing data or high-density genotyping arrays. It was determined that discrepancies resulted from clerical errors, samples from transgender participants and stem cell or bone marrow transplant patients along with undetermined sample mix-ups.
Efficacy and mechanism of Shenqi Compound in Inhibiting Diabetic Vascular Calcification
Authors: Yang Chan , Xie Ziyan , liu Hanyu , Du Lian , Xie Chunguang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Shenqi Compound (SQC) in managing diabetic vascular calcification and to explore the underlying mechanisms.
Methods: Diabetic vascular calcification was induced in Goto Kakizaki (GK) rats using vitamin D3 and nicotine. The effects of SQC were assessed in experimental groups: control, model, low/medium/high-dose SQC treatment, and metformin control. Pathological staining, transcriptome sequencing, Western blot, and qRT-PCR analyses were employed to investigate calcium deposition, osteogenic differentiation, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, apoptosis, and potential mechanisms of SQC.
Results: SQC treatment significantly reduced diabetic aortic calcification, as evidenced by decreased calcium deposition and inhibited osteogenic differentiation. Enhanced matrix remodeling and suppressed aortic apoptosis were observed. Transcriptome sequencing indicated differential expression of genes related to inflammation and lipid metabolism. Notably, the Hippo-YAP pathway emerged as a mediator of SQC's protective effects.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates that SQC effectively inhibits diabetic aortic calcification. The observed effects are attributed to apoptosis inhibition, ECM remodeling, inflammation modulation, lipid metabolism regulation, and involvement of the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway. These findings underscore SQC's potential as a therapeutic agent for diabetic cardiovascular complications, suggesting promising directions for further research and clinical application.
Geomagnetic paleointensity dating of mid-ocean ridge basalts from the neo-volcanic zone of the Central Indian Ridge
Authors: Yoshimura Yutaka , Fujii Masakazu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

By utilizing absolute paleointensity (API) measurements obtained from seafloor lava as a unique age indicator, the time interval between successive lava eruptions can be estimated. Particularly, measuring APIs from non-glass portions of seafloor basalts, which constitute the majority of basalts, is of great importance. In this study, we adopted the Tsunakawa–Shaw method to measure APIs of whole-rock seafloor basalt samples collected from the Central Indian Ridge. We conducted the experiments on a total of 18 specimens (two of three specimens from each of eight lava sites). Three specimens from each of the two lava sites, in total six specimens, passed the statistical acceptance criteria. The site-level means were 33.0 ± 1.0 µT and 35.8 ± 1.7 µT from pillow and sheet lavas, respectively. The similar API site-level means obtained from lavas with different morphologies suggest that they erupted within a short period. These site-level means are approximately 0.7 to 0.8 times the present geomagnetic intensity of 46.0 µT at the diving sites. By comparing the two site-level means with the geomagnetic intensity curves calculated from the reference geomagnetic and paleomagnetic models, we can conclude that the lavas erupted older than 1590 CE or 1530–1620 CE.
Unveiling the Digital Fingerprints: Analysis of Internet attacks based on website fingerprints
Authors: Rexha Blerim , Musa Arbena , Vishi Kamer , Martiri Edlira 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Parallel to our physical activities our virtual presence also leaves behind our unique digital fingerprints, while navigating on the Internet. These digital fingerprints have the potential to unveil users' activities encompassing browsing history, utilized applications, and even devices employed during these engagements. Many Internet users tend to use web browsers that provide the highest privacy protection and anonymization such as Tor. The success of such privacy protection depends on Tor feature to anonymize end user IP address and other metadata that constructs the website fingerprint. In this paper, we show that using the newest machine learning algorithms an attacker can deanonymize Tor traffic by applying such techniques. In our experimental framework, we establish a baseline and comparative reference point using a publicly available dataset from Universidad Del Cauca, Colombia. We capture network packets across 11 days, while users navigate specific web pages, recording data in .pcapng format through the Wireshark network capture tool. Excluding extraneous packets, we employ various machine learning algorithms in our analysis. The results show that the Gradient Boosting Machine algorithm delivers the best outcomes in binary classification, achieving an accuracy of 0.8363. In the realm of multi-class classification, the Random Forest algorithm attains an accuracy of 0.6297.
Identification and analysis of MAPK cascade gene families of Camellia oleifera and their roles in response to cold stress
Authors: Xing kaifeng , Zhang Jian , Xie Haoxing , Zhang Lidong , Zhang Huaxuan , Feng Liyun , Zhou Jun , Xiang Xiaoguo , Zhao Yao , Rong Jun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Low temperature severely limits the growth and development of Camellia oleifera. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade plays a key role in the response to cold stress.
Methods and results
Our study aims to identify MAPK cascade genes in C. oleifera and reveal their roles in response to cold stress. In our study, we systematically identified and analyzed the MAPK cascade gene families of C. oleifera, including their physical and chemical properties, conserved motifs, and multiple sequence alignments. In addition, we characterized the interacting networks of MAPKKK-MAPKK-MAPK in C. oleifera. The molecular mechanism of cold stress resistance of MAPK cascade genes in wild C. oleifera was analyzed by differential gene expression and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR).
Conclusion
In this study, 21 MAPKs, 4 MAPKKs and 55 MAPKKKs genes were identified in the leaf transcriptome of C. oleifera. According to the phylogenetic results, MAPKs were divided into 4 groups (A, B, C and D), MAPKKs were divided into 3 groups (A, B and D), and MAPKKKs were divided into 2 groups (MEKK and Raf). Motif analysis showed that the motifs in each subfamily were conserved, and most of the motifs in the same subfamily were basically the same. The protein interaction network based on Arabidopsis thaliana homologs revealed that MAPK, MAPKK, and MAPKKK genes were widely involved in C. oleifera growth and development and in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Gene expression analysis revealed that the CoMAPKKK5 / CoMAPKKK43 / CoMAPKKK49 - CoMAPKK4 - CoMAPK8 module may play a key role in the cold stress resistance of wild C. oleifera at a high-elevation site in Lu Mountain. This study can facilitate the mining and utilization of genetic resources of C. oleifera with low temperature tolerance.
Rules-based Volumetric Segmentation of Multiparametric MRI for Response Assessment in Recurrent High-Grade Glioma
Authors: Ravi Harshan , Hawkins Samuel H. , Stringfield Olya , Pereira Malesa , Chen Dung-Tsa , Enderling Heiko , Yu Hsiang-Hsuan Michael , Arrington John A. , Sahebjam Solmaz , Raghunand Natarajan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We report domain knowledge-based rules for assigning voxels in brain multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) to distinct tissuetypes based on their appearance on Apparent Diffusion Coefficient of water (ADC) maps, T1-weighted unenhanced and contrast-enhanced, T2-weighted, and Fluid-Attenuated Inversion Recovery images. The development dataset comprised mpMRI of 18 participants with preoperative high-grade glioma (HGG), recurrent HGG (rHGG), and brain metastases. External validation was performed on mpMRI of 235 HGG participants in the BraTS 2020 training dataset. The treatment dataset comprised serial mpMRI of 32 participants (total 231 scan dates) in a clinical trial of immunoradiotherapy in rHGG (NCT02313272). Pixel intensity-based rules for segmenting contrast-enhancing tumor (CE), hemorrhage, Fluid, non-enhancing tumor (Edema1), and leukoaraiosis (Edema2) were identified on calibrated, co-registered mpMRI images in the development dataset. On validation, rule-based CE and High FLAIR (Edema1 + Edema2) volumes were significantly correlated with ground truth volumes of enhancing tumor (R = 0.85;p < 0.001) and peritumoral edema (R = 0.87;p < 0.001), respectively. In the treatment dataset, a model combining time-on-treatment and rule-based volumes of CE and intratumoral Fluid was 82.5% accurate for predicting progression within 30 days of the scan date. An explainable decision tree applied to brain mpMRI yields validated, consistent, intratumoral tissuetype volumes suitable for quantitative response assessment in clinical trials of rHGG.
A novel approach to optimize LSTM Hyperparameter using the Chimp Optimization Algorithm for the Pressure Ventilator Prediction
Authors: Ahmed Fatma Refaat , Alsenany Samira Ahmed , Abdelaliem Sally Mohammed Farghaly , Deif Mohanad A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Mechanical ventilation plays a vital role in the treatment of patients suffering from severe lung disease. In times of a pandemic, it becomes crucial to develop ventilators that can automatically adjust parameters during the treatment process. To address this need, a study was conducted to predict the pressure exerted on the patient by the ventilator. This prediction was based on various factors, including the ventilator's parameters and the patient's condition, using a specialized model known as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). In order to optimize the LSTM model and improve the accuracy of the prediction results, an algorithm called Chimp Optimization Algorithm (ChoA) was employed. The combination of LSTM and ChoA resulted in the creation of the LSTM-ChoA model, which effectively addressed the challenge of selecting appropriate hyperparameters for the LSTM model. Experimental findings demonstrated that the LSTM-ChoA model outperformed other optimization algorithms such as whale grey wolf optimizer (GWO), optimization algorithm (WOA), and particle swarm optimization (PSO), as well as regression models including K-nearest neighbor (KNN) Regressor, Random and Forest (RF) Regressor, and Support Vector Machine (SVM) Regressor, in terms of accurately predicting ventilator pressure.
Retreatment and recurrence rates following Bevacizumab, Ranibizumab, Aflibercept and Laser for Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Alghamdi Arwa , Aletani Tala , Alasmari Faisal , Alharbi Sereen , Ezzi Suzana , Omer Ibrahim , Talaat Kareem 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Introduction
Retinopathy of prematurity is a vaso-proliferative retinal disorder that affects preterm newborns. For decades, the use of cryotherapy and laser has been the standard of care for retinopathy of prematurity. Recently, the use of anti-VEGF agents for ROP has been widely used. This systematic review measures retreatment rates following certain anti-VEGF agents and laser for ROP.
Methods
We searched Medline, Scopus, ClinicalTrial.gov, and Cochrane library databases for all RCTs that used bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept and laser for ROP. Studies were assessed for risk of bias by the CASP criteria. Review Manager (RevMan) (2014) Version 5.3 was utilized to carry out the meta-analysis for our study.
Results
Analysis revealed that laser treatment is associated with a lower risk of retreatment than anti- VEGF medications. Similarly, in the subgroup analysis of the anti-VEGF medications used, groups using Aflibercept and Ranibizumab reported higher retreatment rates. In contrast, studies using Bevacizumab reported lower retreatment rates than laser therapy. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the recurrence rate of patients using anti-VEGF and laser therapy. Patients that underwent laser therapy had lower recurrence rates than the anti-VEGF groups in most trials. In the subgroup analysis, both Ranibizumab and Aflibercept reported higher recurrence rates, which favored laser treatment. However, the two trials that included Bevacizumab reported lower recurrence with Bevacizumab than with laser.
Discussion
Our results suggest that laser treatment for ROP is associated with a lower risk of retreatment and recurrence than Ranibizumab and Aflibercept, which was consistent with similar systematic reviews. On the other hand, this study found that Bevacizumab was superior to laser therapy with lower retreatment and recurrence rates.
Conclusion
This study showed that laser was superior to both ranibizumab and aflibercept as it had a lower risk of disease reactivation requiring retreatment. However, when reviewing studies that examined bevacizumab compared to laser. Bevacizumab showed a lower retreatment rate.
M-type pyruvate kinase 2 (PKM2) tetramerization alleviates the progression of right ventricle failure by regulating oxidative stress and mitochondrial dynamics
Authors: Guo Lizhe , Wang Lu , Qin Gang , Zhang Junjie , Peng Jin , Li Long yan , Chen Xiang , Wang Dan dan , Qiu Jian , Wang E 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background: Right ventricle failure (RVF) is a progressive heart disease that has yet to be fully understood at the molecular level. Elevated M-type pyruvate kinase 2 (PKM2) tetramerization alleviates heart failure, but detailed molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Objective: We observed changes in PKM2 tetramerization levels during the progression of right heart failure andin vitrocardiomyocyte hypertrophy and explored the causal relationship between altered PKM2 tetramerization and the imbalance of redox homeostasis in cardiomyocytes, as well as its underlying mechanisms. Ultimately, our goal was to propose rational intervention strategies for the treatment of RVF. Method: We established RVF in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats by intraperitoneal injection of monocrotaline (MCT). The pulmonary artery pressure and right heart function of rats were assessed using transthoracic echocardiography combined with right heart catheterization. TEPP-46 was used bothin vivoandin vitroto promote PKM2 tetramerization. Results: We observed that oxidative stress and mitochondrial disorganization were associated with increased apoptosis in the right ventricular tissue of RVF rats. Quantitative proteomics revealed that PKM2 was upregulated during RVF and negatively correlated with the cardiac function. Facilitating PKM2 tetramerization promoted mitochondrial network formation and alleviated oxidative stress and apoptosis during cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Moreover, enhancing PKM2 tetramer formation improved cardiac mitochondrial morphology, mitigated oxidative stress and alleviated heart failure. Conculsion: Disruption of PKM2 tetramerization contributed to RVF by inducing mitochondrial fragmentation, accumulating ROS, and finally promoted the progression of cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Facilitating PKM2 tetramerization holds potential as a promising therapeutic approach for RVF.
Chloride Electrode Composed of Ubiquitous Elements for High-Energy-Density All-Solid-State Sodium-Ion Batteries
Authors: Tanibata Naoto , Nonaka Naoki , Makino Keisuke , Takeda Hayami , Nakayama Masanobu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Inexpensive and safe energy-storage batteries with high energy densities are in high demand (e.g., for electric vehicles and grid-level renewable energy storage). This study focused on NaFeCl4, comprising ubiquitous elements, as electrode material for all-solid-state sodium-ion batteries. Monoclinic NaFeCl4, expected to be the most resource-attractive Fe redox material, is also thermodynamically stable. The Fe2+/3+ redox reaction of the monoclinic NaFeCl4 electrode, had a higher potential (3.45 V vs. Na/Na+) than conventional oxide electrodes (e.g., Fe2O3 with 1.5 V vs. Na/Na+) because of the noble properties of chlorine. Additionally, NaFeCl4 exhibited unusually high deformability (99% of the relative density of the pellet) upon uniaxial pressing (382 MPa) at 298 K. This material operates at 333 K in an electrode system without an electrolyte, which is realizable in next-generation all-solid-state batteries with high safety. High energy density per positive electrode of 311 Wh kg-1 is achieved using only a simple powder press.
Illegal wildlife Trade in a Protected Area of Western Himalayas, Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Ashmita , Timilsina Kailash , Koirala Sudeep , Bhandar Ravi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Illegal wildlife trade (IWT) in Nepal, like many parts in the globe, possesses significant threat to many endangered species. IWT is possessing significant threat to conservation challenge in Nepal due to its proximity to major consumer markets in China and India serving as both source and transit. This research focuses on the illegal wildlife trade and complex dynamics of human associated behind such activities prevailing around Annapurna Conservation Area (ACA) of Nepal. Study was carried by mixed method using both qualitative and quantitative methods. Qualitative analysis was performed based on summative content analysis and in-depth interviews with conservation experts and individuals convicted for illegal trading. Quantitative analysis was performed based on the data obtained from official record of ACA and published reports from national agencies in relevant field. Among all the seized items wild fauna Muntiacus vaginalis was largely traded in Annapurna region which accounted for 40%. Rare species such as Moschus chrysogaster, Panthera uncia, Naemorhedus goral, Hemitragus jemlahicus and Lophophorus impejanus which come under CITES Appendix I were also seized in significant amounts. Among seized flora, rare species found were Paris polyphylla, Ophiocordyceps sinensis, Dactylorhiza hatagirea. The study identified five major themes: traded species; major trade routes; motivating factors; coordination and cooperation between the stakeholders; and law enforcement challenges of illegal wildlife trade. Study found that significant percentage of vulnerable and endangered species were illegally traded in Annapurna Conservation Area. The finding emphasized the importance of development of collaborative initiative with local communities and also showed the immediate need of enhancing the understanding of relevant stakeholders regarding legal, social, economic, and environmental impacts of the illegal trade in Annapurna region.
Cross-cultural adaptation, validation, and psychometric evaluation of the International Hip Outcome Tool 12 (iHOT12) to Hebrew
Authors: Steinfeld-Mass Yael , Ben-Ami Noa , Botser Itamar , Morgenstern David , Finestone Aharon 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background The "International Hip Outcome Tool 12" (iHOT12) is a self-administered patient-reported outcome tool for measuring health-related quality of life and physical functioning in young and active patients with hip pathology. Since the iHOT12 has become widely used, we sought to translate and validate it for Hebrew-speaking populations. The aims of this study were: (1) To translate and culturally adapt the iHOT12 into Hebrew using established guidelines. (2) To test the new Hebrew version for validity, and (3) reliability.Methods The iHOT12 was translated and culturally adapted from English to Hebrew (iHOT12-H) according to the COSAMIN guidelines. For validity, the iHOT12-H and Western Ontario and McMaster universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) were completed by 200 patients with hip pathology. Subsequently, 51 patients repeated the iHOT12-H within a 2-week interval. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), Cronbach alpha, and Standard Error of Measurement (SEM) were calculated to assess reliability.Results Construct validity: iHOT12-H correlated strongly to the WOMAC scores (r=-0.82, P < 0.001, Spearman). Internal consistency was excellent, with a Cronbach alpha of 0.953. The ICC was 0.956 (95% CI 0.924–0.974), demonstrating excellent test-retest reliability. There was no floor or ceiling effect.Conclusion The iHOT12 Hebrew version has excellent reliability, good construct validity and can be used as a measurement tool for physical functioning and quality of life in young, physically active patients with hip pathology. This study will serve Israeli researchers in evaluating treatment effectiveness for these patients. Moreover, it will also enable multinational cooperation in the study of hip pathology.