bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rutaecarpine attenuates high glucose‐induced damage in AC16 cardiomyocytes by suppressing the MAPK pathway
Authors: Lv Jun , Ji Miaomiao , Yang Han , Wang Chao , Zhang Lingyan , Ni Hongzao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDiabetic cardiomyopathy is a common diabetic complication, resulting in heart failure. Rutaecarpine is an active compound with cardiovascular protective effects. However, the function of rutaecarpine in diabetic cardiomyopathy is largely unknown. The aim of this research was to study the effect and action mechanism of rutaecarpine in high glucose (HG)‐induced cardiomyocyte damage. The overlapping genes of diabetic cardiomyopathy and rutaecarpine were analyzed according to GeneCards, DisGeNet, and SwissTargetPrediction. Cell damage was investigated by determining apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response in HG‐stimulated AC16 cells. The expression of proteins involved in the mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling was measured using Western blotting. Totally seven overlapping genes of diabetic cardiomyopathy and rutaecarpine were screened out and predicted to be associated with the MAPK signaling. Rutaecarpine protected against HG‐induced cardiomyocyte damage by enhancing cell viability and reducing cell apoptosis, caspase‐3 activity, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release. Rutaecarpine mitigated HG‐induced oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes through decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and malondialdehyde (MDA) level and elevating superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‐Px) level. Rutaecarpine alleviated HG‐induced inflammatory response via reducing the level of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α, and IL‐8. Moreover, rutaecarpine inhibited HG‐induced activation of the MAPK pathway. Treatment with MAPK signaling agonist reversed the suppressive effect of rutaecarpine on HG‐induced damage. In conclusion, rutaecarpine alleviated HG‐induced cardiomyocyte damage through decreasing apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response by inactivating the MAPK pathway.
Diagnostic value of imaging modalities in primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver
Authors: Song Yuxuan , Shi Jiahong , Zhang Xiujuan , Qiao Meng , Sun Zhixia , Tian Siyu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPrimary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver (PSCCL) is rare. PSCCL's lack of specific clinical manifestations and laboratory tests necessitate preoperative diagnosis via imaging examination. Conventional ultrasound (US) demonstrates a mass with mixed echogenicity, and contrast‐enhanced US shows a circular pattern of “fast forward, fast backward or slow backward, high enhancement.” Enhanced computed tomography (CT) showed enhancement in the center or edge of the lesion, and the density of the enhanced lesion was lower than that of the liver tissue in the same layer. Positron emission tomography‐CT demonstrates an inhomogeneous low‐density mass with increased 18F‐FDG metabolism. Magnetic resonance imaging shows low signal intensity on T1‐weighed images (T1WI) and high signal on T2‐weighed images (T2WI). By summarizing the imaging characteristics of PSCCL, this review aims to improve clinicians' understanding of PSCCL and its diagnosis.
Development and validation of a questionnaire on the feelings of undergraduate dental students regarding child dental care
Authors: Galdino Fabíola Fontes , dos Santos Falcão Paula Carolina , Rezende Costa Luciane , Bendo Cristiane Baccin , da Silva Fidalgo Tatiana Kelly 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to develop and test a questionnaire's validity and reliability to evaluate undergraduate dental students' feelings regarding child dental care.MethodsThe questionnaire was developed using a focus group of 10 undergraduate dental students. This questionnaire was then structured and applied digitally via Google Forms to 90 dental students aged 22.95 years (±0.89) who had already completed or were enrolled in a pediatric dentistry discipline. The test–retest was conducted with 15 students. Descriptive analysis, exploratory factorial analysis (EFA), and intraclass correlation coefficient were performed to evaluate the test–retest reliability, Cronbach's alpha (α) to measure the internal consistency, and Mann–Whitney test was used to determine the discriminant validity (p < 0.05).ResultsThe final version of the questionnaire concerning the feelings of dental students when faced with pediatric dental treatment comprised three items, which evaluated anxiety, fear, and insecurity. The visual analog scale was used to evaluate the answer for each item. The questionnaire resulted in a total score that varied from 0 to 10. The higher the score on the questionnaire, the greater the negative feelings regarding pediatric dental treatment. The results of the EFA were satisfactory (Bartlett's sphericity = 0.001; Kayser–Meyer–Olkin measure = 0.725). The EFA extracted a single dimension with an eigenvalue of 2.4 and a total explained variance of 80%. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was satisfactory (α = 0.877), and the test–retest reliability was good (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.691). Students who felt confident about carrying out invasive procedures in children demonstrated more positive feelings related to the pediatric dental treatment (average = 3.50 ± 2.73) than those who did not feel such confidence (average = 5.00 ± 2.35; p = 0.007).ConclusionsThe unidimensional questionnaire proposed by this study is valid and reliable in evaluating the feelings of undergraduate dental students regarding child dental care.
The impact of the pandemic on early career researchers' work‐life and scholarly communications: A quantitative aerial analysis
Authors: Nicholas David , Herman Eti , Clark David , Boukacem‐Zeghmouri Cherifa , Rodríguez‐Bravo Blanca , Abrizah Abdullah , Watkinson Anthony , Sims David , 'Świgoń Marzena , Xu Jie , Serbina Galina , Jamali Hamid R. , Tenopir Carol , Allard Suzie 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAfter two‐years of repeat interviewing early career sciences/social sciences researchers from around the world about their work life and scholarly communications in pandemic‐times, the Harbingers‐2 project is in a position to release quantitative data on the pandemic's overall impact. The data comes from around 50 questions asked in the third and final round of interviews with 147 early career researchers (ECRs), which had a codifiable element to them (such as yes, no, do not know). The 19 scholarly topics covered include: pandemic‐related research; research funding; changes to the workplace/working from home; pandemic‐incurred stress and anxiety; teaching; employment security; career progression; mentoring; assessment (including metrics); collaboration; searching/finding information; ethics; networking; informal communication; publishing; sharing; pre‐prints; outreach; and scholarly transformations. The main findings are that in six broad aspects of ECRs' work‐life and scholarly behaviour, more than 50% of ECRs were impacted by the pandemic, with remote teaching having the greatest impact. By way of comparison, in another six aspects there was little change, least of all when it came to sharing activities. Among the countries studied, Malaysia stood out as being the most impacted, and of the disciplines it was the medical sciences and the soft social sciences most impacted.
Monte Carlo based continuous aperture optimization for VMAT on conventional and MR‐linacs: A proof of concept
Authors: Su Shiqin , Atwal Parmveer , Popescu I Antoniu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCurrently, the commercial treatment planning systems for magnetic‐resonance guided linear accelerators (MR‐linacs) only support step‐and‐shoot intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). However, recent studies have shown the feasibility of delivering arc therapy on MR‐linacs, which is expected to improve dose distributions and delivery speed. By accurately accounting for the electron return effect in the presence of a magnetic field, a Monte Carlo (MC) algorithm is ideally suited for the inverse treatment planning of this technique.PurposeWe propose a novel MC‐based continuous aperture optimization (MCCAO) algorithm for volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), including applications to VMAT on MR‐linacs and trajectory‐based VMAT. A unique feature of MCCAO is that the continuous character of gantry rotation and multileaf collimator (MLC) motion is accounted for at every stage of the optimization.MethodsThe optimization process uses a multistage simulation of 4D dose distribution. A phase space is scored at the top surface of the MLC and the energy deposition of each particle history is mapped to its position in this phase space. A progressive sampling method is used, where both MLC leaf positions and monitor unit (MU) weights are randomly changed, while respecting the linac mechanical limits. Due to the continuous nature of the leaf motion, such changes affect not only a single control point, but propagate to the adjacent ones as well, and the corresponding dose distribution changes are accounted for. A dose–volume cost function is used, which includes the MC statistical uncertainty.ResultsWe applied our optimization technique to various treatment sites, using standard and flattening‐filter‐free (FFF) 6 MV beam models, with and without a 1.5 T magnetic field. MCCAO generates deliverable plans, whose dose distributions are in good agreement with measurements on ArcCHECK and stereotactic radiosurgery End‐To‐End Phantom.ConclusionsWe show that the novel MCCAO method generates VMAT plans that meet clinical objectives for both conventional and MR‐linacs.
An imaging‐based method of mapping multi‐echo BOLD intracranial pulsatility
Authors: Valsamis Jake J. , Luciw Nicholas J. , Haq Nandinee , Atwi Sarah , Duchesne Simon , Cameron William , MacIntosh Bradley J. 
Published: March 2023

PurposeCardiac‐related intracranial pulsatility may relate to cerebrovascular health, and this information is contained in BOLD MRI data. There is broad interest in methods to isolate BOLD pulsatility, and the current study examines a deep learning approach.MethodsMulti‐echo BOLD images, respiratory, and cardiac recordings were measured in 55 adults. Ground truth BOLD pulsatility maps were calculated with an established method. BOLD fast Fourier transform magnitude images were used as temporal‐frequency image inputs to a U‐Net deep learning model. Model performance was evaluated by mean squared error (MSE), mean absolute error (MAE), structural similarity index (SSIM), and mutual information (MI). Experiments evaluated the influence of input channel size, an age group effect during training, dependence on TE, performance without the U‐Net architecture, and importance of respiratory preprocessing.ResultsThe U‐Net model generated BOLD pulsatility maps with lower MSE as additional fast Fourier transform input images were used. There was no age group effect for MSE (P > 0.14). MAE and SSIM metrics did not vary across TE (P > 0.36), whereas MI showed a significant TE dependence (P < 0.05). The U‐Net versus no U‐Net comparison showed no significant difference for MAE (P = 0.059); however, SSIM and MI were significantly different between models (P < 0.001). Within the insula, the cross‐correlation values were high (r > 0.90) when comparing the U‐Net model trained with/without respiratory preprocessing.ConclusionMulti‐echo BOLD pulsatility maps were synthesized from a U‐net model that was trained to use temporal‐frequency BOLD image inputs. This work adds to the deep learning methods that characterize BOLD physiological signals.
A shape optimization algorithm based on directional derivatives for three‐dimensional contact problems
Authors: Chaudet‐Dumas Bastien 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis work deals with shape optimization for contact mechanics. More specifically, the linear elasticity model is considered under the small deformations hypothesis, and the elastic body is assumed to be in contact (sliding or with Tresca friction) with a rigid foundation. The mathematical formulations studied are two regularized versions of the original variational inequality: the penalty formulation and the augmented Lagrangian formulation. In order to get the shape derivatives associated to those two non‐differentiable formulations, we follow an approach based on directional derivatives introduced in previous works. This allows us to develop a gradient‐based topology optimization algorithm, built on these derivatives and a level‐set representation of shapes. The algorithm also benefits from a mesh‐cutting technique, which gives an explicit representation of the shape at each iteration, and enables us to apply the boundary conditions strongly on the contact zone. The different steps of the method are detailed. Then, to validate the approach, some numerical results on two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional benchmarks are presented.
Primary care patients with cardiovascular disease eligible for nurse‐led internet‐based cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia: Characteristics and motives for participation
Authors: Öberg Sandra , Johansson Linda , Georgsson Mattias , Sandberg Jonas , Broström Anders 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimTo describe demographic, physical and psychological characteristics associated with insomnia in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) participating in nurse‐led Internet‐based cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (I‐CBTI), and their motives and expectations regarding participation in I‐CBTI.DesignA mixed method design was applied, including primary care patients with angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, heart failure, atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter or arrhythmia in southern Sweden.MethodsData on demographics, insomnia severity and physical and psychological characteristics were collected through self‐rated validated questionnaires (n = 126). Motives and expectations were collected through interviews (n = 19) and analysed using the ‘personas’ model.ResultsPhysical symptoms and psychological characteristics were associated with insomnia. Three personas were identified: the pragmatist (a curious and optimistic persona), the philosopher (a problem‐solving persona) and the philanthropist (an altruistic persona). Expectations were positive among the three personas, but comorbid conditions reduced the perceived ability to make necessary behavioural changes.
Sulfonated graphene oxide/sulfonated poly (2,6‐ dimethyl – 1,4‐phenylene oxide) as a potential proton exchange membrane for iron air flow battery application
Authors: Phela Cornelia M. , Sigwadi Rudzani , Msomi Phumlani F. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA series of proton exchange membranes (PEMs) of sulfonated poly(2,6‐dimethyl‐1,4‐phenylene oxide) (SPPO) with different sulfonated graphene oxide (SGO) (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5%) were prepared for possible application in Iron‐air/flow battery. The presence of SGO in the membrane improved the water uptake of all membranes prepared and decreased the swelling ratio. The SPPO/1% w/w SGO showed good properties with higher water uptake of 44.1%, water retention of 42.48% and swelling ratio of 21.4% at 25°C. However, the 0.75% SGO exhibited the highest proton conductivity of 0.98 S/cm and better dispersion, elemental distribution, and morphology. In addition, SGO improved the thermal stability of all composite membranes. The chemical stability of all membranes remained good after 7 days in a 1 M HCL solution. The SPPO/0.75%w/w SGO showed increased proton conductivity when degradation properties were evaluated. Compared to Nafion 117, all composites showed lower iron crossover. Nafion had a high permeability of 3.03 × 10−7 cm−2/s, which is 75% higher than the 7.6 × 10−8 cm−2/s of SPPO/SGO‐1.5% and 52% higher than the 1.46 × 10−7 cm−2/s of SPPO/SGO‐0.75%. The results indicate that SGO is a good inorganic filler for the composite proton exchange membrane and stable enough for possible application in an iron‐air/flow battery.
Characterization of the tensile behavior of continuous carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 under self‐resistance electrical heating
Authors: Xie Yuxuan , Zhai Zhanyu , Liu Yunhuan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe stamping molding with self‐resistance electric (SRE) heating is advantageous for the mass production of carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (CFRT) because of its short production cycle and energy efficiency. The mechanism of SRE heating is different from traditional oven heating. The impact on CFRT laminates under loading is ambiguous. In this article, the tensile testing systems with SRE heating and traditional heating were designed. The temperature distribution, mechanical response, strain, and failure mode of carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 (CFR‐PA6) laminates under SRE heating are studied and contrasted with traditional heating. Specifically, to measure the full‐field strain distribution, digital‐image correlation (DIC) technique and high‐speed camera were introduced. It is found that the electric resistance fluctuates in tensile test with SRE heating and shown temperature sensitivity. Temperature distribution of the specimen under SRE heating is relatively uniform. Besides, the mechanical properties (i.e., tensile strength and elastic modulus) of CFR‐PA6 seem to be insensitive to heating mode. DIC results show that deconsolidation phenomenon makes the specimen fracture randomly. Inversely, heating method has an obvious influence on failure modes. To be specific, there are more shearing damage in traditional heating during high temperature. High current under SRE heating causes corrosion on fiber surface and destroy the fiber‐resin matrix interface.
Implementing physical activity vital sign as a self‐reported measure of physical activity in patients with multiple sclerosis in a clinical setting
Authors: Montagnino Jami , Hou Gloria , Lim Sara , Ciol Marcia , Lin Cindy 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionRoutinely assessing exercise levels during clinical visits may be a starting point for clinicians to support physical activity in persons with multiple sclerosis (MS).ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility and findings of routinely implementing a self‐reported physical activity vital sign during clinical visits.DesignRetrospective database review.SettingOutpatient academic MS center.PatientsAll adult patients of our MS center with confirmed MS presenting for an in‐person or telemedicine clinic visit with a physician or nurse practitioner.InterventionsNone.Main Measure(s)A standard physical activity vital sign representing minutes per week of moderate‐to‐vigorous exercise was collected. Percentage of persons with MS with a recorded physical activity vital sign was retrospectively evaluated along with demographic characteristics and key findings.ResultsNinety‐three percent of patients with MS at our center had a physical activity vital sign recorded in at least one visit, and 86% at the most recent visit. Of 1560 patients with a recorded physical activity vital sign, 24.3% of patients were consistently active (≥150 min/week of exercise), 20.8% were consistently inactive (0 min/week), and the remaining 54.9% were inconsistently active. The physical activity vital sign was inversely associated with BMI (p < .001) and 25‐foot walk test times (p < .001), but not associated with biological sex or age.ConclusionsApproximately a quarter of patients with MS with a documented physical activity vital sign met national aerobic exercise guidelines of 150 min/week per the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Routine implementation of the physical activity vital sign at our MS center was feasible and helped identify inactive patients who may benefit from physical activity counseling.
Field methods and example applications for the Min‐Trap® mineral sampler
Authors: Divine Craig , Justicia‐León Shandra , Tilton Jennifer M. , Carter Erika , Zardouzian Erik , Clark Katherine , Taggart Dora 
Published: March 2023

AbstractImportant reactive minerals are commonly created during in situ groundwater remediation activities; for example, iron sulfides formed during enhanced reduction approaches can abiotically degrade many chlorinated solvents. However, cost‐effective tools to evaluate these treatment processes in field applications are limited and the collection of samples to evaluate in situ mineral formation is costly due to drilling requirements. The new passive Min‐Trap sampler is a simple and cost‐effective tool that can directly measure the formation of reactive minerals in situ without the need for additional drilling or soil core collection. The methods presented here describe how Min‐Traps deployed in conventional monitoring wells can measure reactive minerals and how these minerals can be identified through commercially available analytical methods. Several examples are presented that show how Min‐Traps can be used to characterize the rate and spatial variability of reactive mineral precipitation and these data may support operation and optimization decisions.
Understanding Software‐centered Evolutive Ecosystems through Activity Theory
Authors: Camargo‐Henríquez Ismael , Silva Andrés 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes an interdisciplinary approach aimed to bring into practice some novel Software Engineering theoretical paradigms. The premise of these news paradigms is based on the idea of “ecologies” as realities that take place in the environment of a Software product. These “ecologies” are understood as tight but flexible interactions between the human, social, and technical components involved, where Software is just another component. However, the theoretical paradigms discussed do not offer a viable way to make sense of these ecologies into the practice of Software design and development. Thus, as a more operationalized approach, this paper proposes a framework based on Networks of Activities, a concept derived from Activity Theory, as a resource to help in the design, development, and evolution of these new emergent complex socio‐technical ecologies. This framework has been conceived as a tool for the design, capture, and, especially, to analyze the evolution of these ecologies. The concepts and notations used by the proposed approach are illustrated through a proof of concept that shows the essential ideas and their use in real scenarios. In this way, the concepts discussed contribute to the improvement of related fields like Requirements Engineering, Human‐Computer Interaction, or Software Architecture, among others.
Activating Octahedral Center in Co‐Doped NiFe2O4 via Bridging Amorphous MoSx for Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation: A Case for eg Orbital Regulation in Spinel Oxide
Authors: Yao Lu , Wu Xiaofeng , Zheng Beining , Liu Jinghai , Geng Zhibin , Zhang Yuan , Cai Minmin , Shao Zhiyu , Jiang Mengpei , Zhang Yaowen , Chen Yu , Huang Keke , Feng Shouhua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractModerate eg filling for octahedral metal cations (MOh) is strongly correlated with the electrocatalytic water oxidation performance in the oxides system. Here, the eg fillings of NiOh and FeOh in NiFe2O4‐based spinel are controllably regulated by introducing an external radical of catalytically inactive MoSx as an electron acceptor via a novel ultrasonic anchored pyrolysis strategy. The electron occupied in eg orbit of MOh emigrates with the amount of MoS hanging on the apical of octahedral sites, and results in a salutary transition from high to medium eg occupancy state, as confirmed by the X‐ray absorption spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In addition, benefiting from the abundant unsaturated S atoms in amorphous MoSx, the MOh at the surface furthest activates and consequently shows a superior water oxidation performance. Density functional theory also reveals that the eg fillings of Ni and Fe decrease to 1.4 and 1.2 after MoSx modification, which can effectively reduce the free energy of the OOH* intermediates in the oxygen evolution reaction process. This work opens an avenue for further releasing the electrocatalytic activity of octahedral sites through bridging external phases with rational electron‐capturing/donating capability.