bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The experiences of people with intellectual disabilities who have been convicted of sexual offences of being recalled back to prison
Authors: Rawdon Nikki , Wheatley Rachael 
Published: March 2023

Purpose
This study provides further insight into the experiences of five men who have committed sexual offences, with intellectual disabilities and have been recalled back to prison. The purpose of this paper is to increase professional knowledge to assist with improving working practices that support the reintegration of individuals convicted of sexual offences and with intellectual disabilities, back into the community.

Design/methodology/approach
Interview data was analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis, to identify the key issues associated with criminal justice services.

Findings
The following superordinate themes were identified: “The label that sticks” and “Probation officer dependency”.

Research limitations/implications
The key implications of the findings were the high level of dependency individuals had on their probation officers and the impact that this relationship had on the overall experience of recall. The stigma of the label “sex offender” was also found to have a profound impact on individuals’ feelings of safety and their future progression.

Originality/value
Research exploring the experiences of individuals convicted for sexual offences and with intellectual disabilities, being recalled back to prison, is limited. Future recommendations of how practice could be improved to better support responsivity needs of this group and to create a more positive self-identity are discussed.
Glyphosate has a negligible impact on bacterial diversity and dynamics during composting
Authors: Grenier Vanessa , Laur Joan , Gonzalez Emmanuel , Pitre Frederic E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe herbicide glyphosate has several potential entry points into composting sites and its impact on composting processes has not yet been evaluated. To assess its impact on bacterial diversity and abundance as well as on community composition and dynamics, we conducted a mesocosm experiment at the Montreal Botanical Garden. Glyphosate had no effect on physicochemical property evolution during composting, while it was completely dissipated by the end of the experiment. Sampling at Days 0, 2, 28 and 112 of the process followed by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing also found no effect of glyphosate on species richness and community composition. Differential abundance analyses revealed an increase of a few taxa in the presence of glyphosate, namely TRA3‐20 (order Polyangiales), Pedosphaeraceae and BIrii41 (order Burkholderiales) after 28 days. In addition, five amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) had lower relative abundance in the glyphosate treatment compared to the control on Day 2, namely Comamonadaceae,Pseudomonassp.,Streptomycessp.,Thermoclostridiumsp. andActinomadura keratinilytica, while two ASVs were less abundant on Day 112, namelyPedomicrobiumsp. andPseudorhodoplanessp. Most differences in abundance were measured between the different sampling points within each treatment. These results present glyphosate as a poor determinant of species recruitment during composting.
All the news that is fit to print? Reporting on a victim's character during a crisis
Authors: Laufer Daniel , Einwiller Sabine , Neureiter Ariadne 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUsing the United Airlines “bumpgate” crisis as example, this research analyses how reporting of irrelevant information on a crisis victim's bad character impacts on empathy towards the victim, the victim's reputation as well as the reputation of the news medium that published the information. A one‐factorial experiment was conducted with two conditions manipulating the reporting on the crisis victim's character plus a control condition. Respondents were 245 online‐panel participants from the UK. The findings show that when journalists violate the code of ethics by reporting irrelevant negative information on the character of a crisis victim, they harm not only the reputation of the victim, but also that of their news organization. This study contributes to the scarce research on the impact of media reporting during a crisis on victims of the crisis and on the reputation of the newspaper. Journalists must be aware that violating the journalistic code of ethics by reporting on irrelevant negative characteristics of a victim is not only detrimental for the victim but can also significantly hurt the reputation of their organization.
Correlates of sedentary behavior in people with fibromyalgia: A systematic review
Authors: Vancampfort Davy , Brunner Emanuel , McGrath Ryan L. , Hemmings Laura , Van Damme Tine 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionUnderstanding the correlates of sedentary behavior (SB) is important in the development of interventions which reduce and interrupt SB in people with fibromyalgia (PwF). This systematic review aimed to investigate the correlates of SB in PwF using the socio‐ecological model.MethodsThree databases (Embase, CINAHL and PubMed) were search from inception until July 21, 2022 using “sedentary” or different types of SB and “fibromyalgia” or “fibrositis” as keywords. The data collected was then analyzed using summary coding.ResultsOut of 23 SB correlates retrieved from 7 reports (n = 1698), no correlates were consistently reported (ie, reported in 4 or more studies). Higher pain intensity was the most commonly reported barrier for reducing/interrupting SB (reported in 3 reports). Other reported barriers to reducing/interrupting SB were experiencing physical and mental fatigue, a more severe disease impact, and a lack of motivation to be physically active (all reported in 1 study). A better experienced social and physical functioning and more vitality were facilitators for reducing/interrupting SB (all reported in 1 study). To date, in PwF no correlates of SB at the interpersonal, environmental and policy levels have been explored.ConclusionResearch on correlates of SB in PwF is still in its infancy. The current preliminary evidence suggests that clinicians should consider physical and mental barriers when aiming to reduce or interrupt SB in PwF. Further research on modifiable correlates at all levels of the socio‐ecological model is required to inform future trials aiming to modify SB in this vulnerable population.
Pomalidomide and dexamethasone until progression after first salvage therapy in multiple myeloma
Authors: Garderet Laurent , Kuhnowski Frederique , Berge Benoit , Roussel Murielle , Devlamynck Laure , Petillon Marie Odile , Escoffre‐Barbe Martine , Lafon Ingrid , Facon Thierry , Leleu Xavier , Karlin Lionel , Perrot Aurore , Stoppa Anne‐Marie , Royer Bruno , Chaleteix Carine , Tiab Mourad , Araujo Carla , Lenain Pascal , Macro Margaret , Belhadj Karim , Ikhlef Souhila , Hulin Cyrille , Loiseau Herve Avet , Attal Michel , Moreau Philippe 
Published: March 2023

SummaryLenalidomide maintenance in myeloma is well established. Nevertheless, pomalidomide could provide an alternative. Myeloma patients in first relapse, initially treated in the Intergroupe Francophone du Myélome (IFM) 2009 trial, and subsequently in the IFM 2013‐01 phase 2 trial, received four cycles of salvage therapy with pomalidomide plus cyclophosphamide plus dexamethasone (PCD) with transplantation plus 2 PCD consolidation or without transplantation but with 5 PCD and for all patients pomalidomide plus dexamethasone maintenance therapy. This consisted of 28‐day cycles of pomalidomide 4 mg daily on days 1–21 and dexamethasone 20 mg weekly until progression. The primary endpoint was an improved response to treatment. A total of 75/100 patients reached therapy. The median follow‐up time was 73 months. The median duration of treatment was 23.7 months. One third of patients improved their response from the initiation of treatment: 11%, 19% and 4% to a very good partial response, complete response or stringent complete response respectively. The median progression‐free survival time was 33.2 months and the median overall survival time was not reached. Among the 75 patients, the reasons for pomalidomide discontinuation were progressive disease (54%), adverse events (AEs) (30%), investigator discretion (11%) and consent withdrawal (5%). Grade (G) 3/4 haematological AEs included neutropenia (51%) and lymphopenia (35%); G3/4 drug‐related non‐haematological AEs (>5%) comprised 13% infections. Long‐term administration of pomalidomide and dexamethasone is feasible and one third of the patients improved their response.
WNT16b promotes the proliferation and self‐renewal of human limbal epithelial stem/progenitor cells via activating the calcium/calcineurin A/NFATC2 pathway
Authors: Wan Xichen , Zhao Songjiao , Dai Yiqin , Zhang Jing , Shen Yan , Gong Lan , Le Qihua 
Published: March 2023

AbstractOur previous finding revealed that WNT16b promoted the proliferation of human limbal epithelial stem cells (hLESCs) through a β‐catenin independent pathway. Here, we aimed to explore its underlying molecular mechanism and evaluate its potential in the treatment of limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD). Based on the findings of mRNA‐sequencing, the expression of key molecules in WNT/calcineurin A/NFATC2 signalling pathway was investigated in WNT16b‐co‐incubated hLESCs and control hLESCs. An epithelial wound healing model was established on Wnt16b‐KO mice to confirm the regulatory effect of WNT16b in vivo. The therapeutic potential of WNT16b‐co‐incubated hLESCs was also evaluated in mice with LSCD. Our findings showed that WNT16b bound with Frizzled7, promoted the release of Ca2+ and activated calcineurin A and NFATC2. With the translocation of NFATC2 into cell nucleus and the activation of HDAC3, WDR5 and GCN5L2, the expression of H3K4me3, H3K14ac and H3K27ac in the promoter regions of FoxM1 and c‐MYC increased, which led to hLESC proliferation. The effect of the WNT16b/calcium/calcineurin A/NFATC2 pathway on LESC homeostasis maintenance and corneal epithelial repair was confirmed in Wnt16b‐KO mice. Moreover, WNT16b‐coincubated hLESCs could reconstruct a stable ocular surface and inhibit corneal neovascularization in mice with LSCD. In conclusion, WNT16b enhances the proliferation and maintains the stemness of hLESCs by activating the non‐canonical calcium/calcineurin A/NFATC2 pathway in vitro and in vivo, and accelerates corneal epithelial wound healing.
Validation of cytopathology specimens for digital pathology
Authors: Miguel Renata , Gregorio Bianca , Santos Carolina , Andriotti Carolina , Valle Luciane , Saieg Mauro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroductionDigital cytopathology is being progressively implemented in centres worldwide, but impediments such as the three‐dimensionality of specimens and the size of scanned images have prevented its use from becoming widespread. This study aimed to validate the use of digital whole slide image scanning of cytopathology samples for routine sign‐out.MethodsSpecimens were scanned using the Leica Aperio GT 450 System. The following sample types were used: liquid‐based cytology, direct conventional smears from fine needle aspirates and cytospins. Cases were validated by the same pathologist who originally rendered the conventional diagnosis, with a washout of at least 3 months. Final digital diagnoses were compared to the original analogical diagnoses, and cases were considered concordant up to a one‐degree difference between the original and digital diagnoses. Reasons for the unsuccessful scanning of slides were also noted. The technical procedures followed the College of American Pathologists’ guidelines for digital pathology validation.ResultsA total of 730 slides from 383 cases (337 female, 51 male; median age 42) were successfully scanned. These cases consisted of the following sample types: 81 (21.1%) conventional smears, 240 (62.7%) liquid‐based cytology samples and 62 (16.2%) cytospins. There were only five discordant cases, with a 98.7% agreement between original and digital diagnoses using the difference rate of up to one degree. Seventy‐seven slides (10.5%) had to be rescanned due to technical problems. The main reasons for unsuccessful scanning were paucicellular samples (44; 57.1%), the thickness of the smears (18; 23.4%) and issues with the coverslip (15; 19.5%).ConclusionCytological specimens can be successfully scanned and used for digital pathology, with excellent agreement with the original diagnoses.
Institutional shareholder services' proxy voting guidelines and ROE management
Authors: Ishida Souhei , Kochiyama Takuma 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe examine the impact of the Institutional Shareholder Services (ISS) proxy voting guidelines on managers' opportunistic reporting behaviours. In February 2015, the ISS introduced a new advisory policy based on firms' return on equity (ROE) and started to issue negative recommendations for top executive election in firms whose past average and most recent ROE are lower than 5%. We find that managers are more likely to achieve the 5% ROE after implementing the policy, and they do so by discretionary activities. Our findings imply that accounting‐based guidelines issued by a proxy voting advisor can generate managers' incentives for opportunistic reporting.
Neonatal sepsis – Pathology and clinical signs
Authors: Eaton Sarah 
Published: March 2023

SummarySepsis, also known as septicaemia, is defined as a dysregulated host systemic inflammatory response to infection. Neonatal sepsis is one of the main diseases that can affect young foals with a short‐term survival rate of only 50%–60%. While the pathogenesis of this disease is the same as for adult equids, the clinical signs seen can be very different. Sick foals may manifest a variety of clinical signs all related to a common infection and its systemic effects including tachycardia, tachypnoea, depression, anorexia, colitis, and fever. Less commonly, foals may show petechiation, swollen joints, anterior uveitis, and coma. The rapid changes seen in foals are reflective of their low endogenous reserves of glucose and innate immune mediators as well as the poor ability to self‐regulate their metabolism. The neonatal immune system is reliant on maternal antibodies at birth and development of the foal's own system takes a significant amount of time. This non‐competent immune system changes how the foal responds to infection when compared to the adult. Given the significant range of clinical signs and comorbidities, the prognosis for a full athletic career can vary from grave to excellent when compared to their healthy counterparts.
How interesting and coherent are the stories generated by a large‐scale neural language model? Comparing human and automatic evaluations of machine‐generated text
Authors: Callan Dominic , Foster Jennifer 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEvaluation of the narrative text generated by machines has traditionally been a challenge, particularly when attempting to evaluate subjective elements such as interest or believability. Recent improvements in narrative machine text generation have been largely driven by the emergence of transformer‐based language models, trained on massive quantities of data, resulting in higher quality text generation. In this study, a corpus of stories is generated using the pre‐trained GPT‐Neo transformer model, with human‐written prompts as inputs upon which to base the narrative text. The stories generated through this process are subsequently evaluated through both human evaluation and two automated metrics: BERTScore and BERT Next Sentence Prediction, with the aim of determining whether there is a correlation between the automatic scores and the human judgements. The results show variation in human evaluation results in comparison to modern automated metrics, suggesting further work is required to train automated metrics to identify text that is defined as interesting by humans.
Migrasome‐derived nanoparticles: the chamber of secrets was opened again
Authors: Gavard Julie 
Published: March 2023

Migrasomes are enigmatic organelles with a pomegranate‐like shape that form along the retraction fibres in migrating cells. They have been linked to several cellular functions including intercellular communication, by local transfer and at distance, and the disposal of damaged cellular materials, such as mitochondria. Yongbin Ma et al have uncovered that a unique type of lipid‐bilayer membrane vesicles is released from migrasomes, and called under the name migrasome‐derived nanoparticles (MDNP). Their observations suggest that MDNP can be generated upon both rupture and budding of migrasomes, ultimately unloading their content in the microenvironment.
Acceleration mechanism of the degradation of the lifetime of Ni‐based superalloys under creep‐fatigue loading at elevated temperatures
Authors: Luo Yifan , Takahashi Yukako , Nakayama Koki , Nakayama Ayumi , Suzuki Ken , Miura Hideo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this study, intermittent creep‐fatigue tests were applied on Ni‐based Alloy 617 and Alloy 625. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observation and electron back‐scatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis were employed to the evaluation of the degradation of the crystallinity under the creep‐fatigue loads. It was found that the initial damage under creep‐fatigue load basically appeared as intergranular cracks. In addition, the lifetimes of Alloy 625 samples fluctuated significantly due to the growth of NbC precipitates. The initial damage of these two alloys was dominated by the growth and accumulation of dislocations and vacancies around the interface that consisted of large lattice mismatch. Local atomic diffusion was activated when the summation of the nominal stress and local stress caused by the large lattice mismatch exceeded a critical value. The stress‐induced acceleration of the degradation of the crystallinity of the alloys was analyzed by applying the modified Arrhenius equation. Instead of the most popular inversion methods according to the final failure mode, the quantitative description in life prediction was developed based on the dynamic progress for acceleration mechanism of the degradation. It is of importance to perfecting the frontiers of damage mechanics approach.
Stocking to offset negative effects of dam construction and balance the ecosystem
Authors: Yao Weiwei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAn ecohydraulic model system was developed to evaluate the effects of the Da‐Wei dam construction and possible fish restoration strategies. The ecohydraulic model system consists of a hydrodynamic model, a hydromorphology model, a habitat model, and the logistic and matrix population models. The effects of dam construction and fish stocking strategy on fish habitat and population status were studied in the Jiao‐Mu River, providing the modeled ecological status ofSchizothorax prenantiandSchizothorax plagiostomus heckelpopulations within the river segment. The two fish species richness, fish age structures, and fish density distributions were predicted. Based on the fish number prediction, the optimal number of fish to stock was evaluated with the population models, and an optimal fish stocking proposition was worked out. The results indicated that the two fish species habitat quality and fish richness would decrease due to the hydropower dam construction, and the fish stocking strategy could make up the fish species ecological status. The findings could facilitate the quantity and quality assessment of a dam development plan and increase the success rate of fish restoration.
Helicobacter pylori infection and risk of cardiovascular disease
Authors: Sun Lichang , Zheng Haoxiao , Qiu Min , Hao Shali , Liu Xiong , Zhu Xiaolin , Cai Xiaoyan , Huang Yuli 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundWhether Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association between H. pylori infection and the risk of CVD.MethodsPotentially related studies were searched in the electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library, from inception to 31 August 2022. Observational cohort studies that reported the multivariable‐adjusted relative risks (RRs) for composite CVD, CHD, stroke, or all‐cause mortality associated with H. pylori infection were included in the meta‐analysis, using random‐effects models.ResultsForty‐one cohort studies with 230,288 participants were included. After a median follow‐up duration of 6.3 years, H. pylori infection was associated with a mildly increased risk of composite CVD (RR 1.10, 95% CI 1.03, 1.18) and coronary heart disease (RR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02, 1.18) compared with those without H. pylori infection. No significant association was observed between H. pylori infection and risk of stroke (RR 1.08, 95% CI 0.94, 1.23) or all‐cause mortality (RR 1.02, 95% CI 0.90, 1.16). Compared with cytotoxin‐associated gene‐A (CagA) negative H. pylori infection, the risk of CVD was significantly increased in patients with CagA positive H. pylori infection (RR 1.58, 95% CI 1.03, 2.41).ConclusionsHelicobacter pylori infection is associated with a mildly increased risk of CVD. It may be of great public health and clinical significance to screen H. pylori infection in patients with a high risk of CVD.
Effects of prior antibiotic use on clarithromycin resistance in Helicobacter pylori
Authors: Kwon Young‐Min , Kim Sung‐Jae , Lee Jae Gon , Lee Sang Pyo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundMacrolide antibiotics are widely used to treat various infections such as pneumonia and sinusitis, and previous exposure to macrolides is presumed to be a risk factor for standard triple therapy failure in Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication. We aimed to determine whether previous use of macrolide antibiotics could affect clarithromycin resistance of H. pylori.Materials and methodsFrom the Korea National Health Insurance Service (NHIS2021‐1‐775) database, a total of 46,160 patients who were tested for clarithromycin resistance of H. pylori from 2016 to 2019 in Korea were identified. Their history of antibiotics in the past 10 years and history of respiratory comorbidity in the past 1 year were investigated.ResultsClarithromycin resistance rate of H. pylori in Korea was 16.2%. A multivariate analysis revealed that female sex (OR: 1.472, p < .001), age > 50 years (OR: 1.340, p < .001), previous use of macrolide antibiotics (clarithromycin, OR: 2.902, p < .001; azithromycin, OR: 1.930, p < .001; erythromycin, OR: 2.060, p = .001; roxithromycin, OR: 2.022, p < .001), and history of respiratory comorbidity (sinusitis, OR: 1.271, p < .001; laryngopharyngitis, OR: 1.135, p = .032; bronchitis, OR: 1.245, p = .001; pneumonia, OR: 1.335, p = .026) were independent risk factors of clarithromycin resistance in H. pylori.ConclusionsThe use of macrolide antibiotics and a recent diagnosis of respiratory disease might increase clarithromycin resistance of H. pylori.
A depth‐insight on reduced lipolysis of diacylglycerol (DAG) oleogels with the gelation of diosgenin (DSG)
Authors: Li Jialing , Lu Yuanchao , Yu Ningxiang , Nie Xiaohua , Meng Xianghe 
Published: March 2023

SummaryTo fabricate low‐saturation and low‐digestion oleogels for diet adjustment, diacylglycerol‐diosgenin (DAG‐DSG) oleogels were prepared, and in vitro digestibility was investigated. Overall, the lipolysis of DAG‐DSG oleogels was significantly lower than DAG and decreased with the increase of DSG concentrations. The lipolysis in oleogels‐3% (65%) and oleogel‐5% (45%) was about 15% and 41% lower than DAG (77%), respectively. The oleogel‐5% possessed more and smaller DSG crystals and exhibited a robust structure, inducing that oleogels were hardly destroyed to produce bigger micelles (5.42 μm) during digestion. Furthermore, intermolecular interactions in oleogels were inferred to be the van der Waal's force with Fourier transform infrared reflection and X‐ray diffraction. Thus, as‐fabricated DAG‐DSG oleogels were promisingly used as a functional food to reduce digestive lipolysis and improve dietary health.