bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Machine learning-based prediction of diagnostic markers for Graves’ orbitopathy
Authors: Cai Yunying , Su Heng , Si Yongting , Ni Ninghua 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The pathogenesis of Graves’ orbitopathy/thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) is still unclear, and abnormal DNA methylation in TAO has been reported. Thus, selecting and exploring TAO biomarkers associated with DNA methylation may provide a reference for new therapeutic targets.

Methods
The TAO-associated expression data and methylation data were downloaded from The Gene Expression Omnibus database. Firstly, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to obtain the TAO-related genes, which were intersected with differentially methylated genes (DMGs), and differentially expressed genes between TAO samples and normal samples to obtain TAO-associated DMGs (TA-DMGs). Thereafter, the functions of the TA-DMGs were analyzed, and diagnostic markers were screened by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (Lasso) regression analysis and support vector machine (SVM) analysis. The expression levels and diagnostic values of the diagnostic markers were also analyzed. Furthermore, single gene pathway enrichment analysis was performed for each diagnostic marker separately using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) software. Next, we also performed immune infiltration analysis for each sample in the GSE58331 dataset using the single-sample GSEA algorithm, and the correlation between diagnostic markers and differential immune cells was explored. Lastly, the expressions of diagnostic markers were explored by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).

Results
A total of 125 TA-DMGs were obtained. The enrichment analysis results indicated that these TA-DMGs were mainly involved in immune-related pathways, such as Th1 and Th2 cell differentiation and the regulation of innate immune response. Moreover, two diagnostic markers, including S100A11 and NKD2, were obtained by Lasso regression analysis and SVM analysis. Single gene pathway enrichment analysis showed that S100A11 was involved in protein polyufmylation, pancreatic-mediated proteolysis, and NKD2 was involved in innate immune response in mucosa, Wnt signaling pathway, etc. Meanwhile, immune cell infiltration analysis screened 12 immune cells, including CD56 dim natural killer cells and Neutrophil cells that significantly differed between TAO and normal samples, with the strongest positive correlation between NKD2 and CD56 dim natural killer cells. Finally, the qRT-PCR illustrated the expressions of NKD2 and S100A11 between normal and TAO.

Conclusion
NKD2 and S100A11 were screened as biomarkers of TAO and might be regulated by DNA methylation in TAO, providing a new reference for the diagnosis and treatment of TAO patients.
The analysis of ramipril/ramiprilat concentration in human serum with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry – interpretation of high concentrations for the purposes of forensic toxicology
Authors: Dziadosz Marek , Rosenberger Wolfgang , Klintschar Michael , Teske Jörg 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRamipril is a popular angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor applied in the treatment of hypertension. Its therapeutic effect is oriented on the concentration of the active metabolite ramiprilat. The information about toxic drug levels is missing in the literature. Therefore, the aim of this work was an indication of possible toxic ranges based on the analysis of real samples with high ramiprilat concentrations. For these purposes, an appropriate analytical LC–MS/MS method was developed and validated according to forensic guidelines and applied in the routine. Most real samples targeted for ramipril/ramiprilat were associated with the typical therapeutic drug range of 1–40 ng/mL described in the literature. However, higher drug levels with ramiprilat concentrations above 100 ng/mL could also be observed infrequently in cases of driving under the influence of drugs or attempted suicides. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first time antemortem ramipril and ramiprilat concentrations associated with driving under the influence of drugs and suicide attempts were discussed from a forensic point of view. The collected data enabled an indication of the ramiprilat toxic concentration range from about 600 ng/mL to at least 3500 ng/mL. The toxic concentration range discussed can be applied in the forensic practice as a reference for future cases.
Designing a cross-organizational identity management system: Utilizing SSI for the certification of retailer attributes
Authors: Guggenberger Tobias , Kühne Daniela , Schlatt Vincent , Urbach Nils 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The introduction of blockchain offers new opportunities to rethink enterprise identity management. Recently, a new concept has emerged in the blockchain community called self-sovereign identity. Self-sovereign identity combines several existing decentralized identity management approaches, promising new ways to promote more convenient, connected, and secure identity services for the private and public sector. Nevertheless, research in this area is still in its infancy. Most of the very few articles focus either on the opportunities self-sovereign identity might offer or on very specific technical features. Studies on real-world applications of organizations using modern self-sovereign identity implementations and design theory are very rare. To fill this gap, we follow the design science research approach to design, implement, and evaluate a self-sovereign identity system to present tax attributes of online retailers. We present four design principles and conclude that the use of self-sovereign identity and blockchain offers opportunities to improve verification processes.
Optimization of Chitosan: Methylcellulose polyblend to obtain highly amorphous polymer matrix useful for ion transportation
Authors: Nayak P. , Sudhakar Y. N. , De S. , Ismayil  , Shetty S. K. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSolid biopolymer blend systems consisting of chitosan (CH) and methylcellulose (MC) have been prepared in various compositions through the solution casting method and are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The XRD data revealed that the blend composed of 30 wt.% of MC is found to be more amorphous. Structural analysis and the extent of interaction between the two polymers, i.e., CH and MC were concluded through FTIR analysis. The dielectric results also show that the blend composed of 70 wt.% of CH shows the highest value of the dielectric constant. The blend system consisting of 70 wt.% of CH and 30 wt.% of MC exhibited good thermal stability and the lowest glass transition temperature ($${T}_{g}$$

T
g

).
Graphical Abstract
Regularised Semi-parametric Composite Likelihood Intensity Modelling of a Swedish Spatial Ambulance Call Point Pattern
Authors: Bayisa Fekadu L. , Ådahl Markus , Rydén Patrik , Cronie Ottmar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMotivated by the development of optimal dispatching strategies for prehospital resources, we model the spatial distribution of ambulance call events in the Swedish municipality Skellefteå during 2014–2018 in order to identify important spatial covariates and discern hotspot regions. Our large-scale multivariate data point pattern of call events consists of spatial locations and marks containing the associated priority levels and sex labels. The covariates used are related to road network coverage, population density, and socio-economic status. For each marginal point pattern, we model the associated intensity function by means of a log-linear function of the covariates and their interaction terms, in combination with lasso-like elastic-net regularized composite/Poisson process likelihood estimation. This enables variable selection and collinearity adjustment as well as reduction of variance inflation from overfitting and bias from underfitting. To incorporate mobility adjustment, reflecting people’s movement patterns, we also include a nonparametric (kernel) intensity estimate as an additional covariate. The kernel intensity estimation performed here exploits a new heuristic bandwidth selection algorithm. We discover that hotspot regions occur along dense parts of the road network. A mean absolute error evaluation of the fitted model indicates that it is suitable for designing prehospital resource dispatching strategies. Supplementary materials accompanying this paper appear online.
A Refractive Index Sensor Based on Four-Wave Mixing in D-Shaped Tellurite Photonic Crystal Fiber
Authors: Gao Yuanhongliu , Yan Xin , Chen Xiaoyu , Li Bin , Cheng Tonglei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this study, we design a refractive index (RI) sensor using a novel cadmium telluride photonic crystal fiber (TPCF). Based on four-wave mixing (FWM), the changes in RI can be accurately detected, and RI sensing in the mid-infrared region (MIR) can be achieved by detecting wavelength shifts in the Stokes and anti-Stokes spectra caused by the changes in RI of the liquid to be measured. When the pump wavelength of FWM lies in the normal and abnormal dispersion regions of the TPCF, the RI response of the idler frequency wave and the signal wave are analyzed by numerical simulation methods. The simulation results show that the RI sensitivity of the sensor can be as high as 7692 nm/RIU with a linearity is up to 99.9% at the pump wavelength of 3380 nm. To our knowledge, the RI sensing sensitivity of the MIR is presented for the first time in this study by using FWM in the non-silicon PCF.
Mental Health Service Users and Their Caregivers Perspectives on Personal Recovery from Severe Mental Health Conditions in Cape Town, South Africa: A Qualitative Study
Authors: Gamieldien Fadia , Galvaan Roshan , Myers Bronwyn , Sorsdahl Katherine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSevere mental health conditions (SMHCs) significantly contribute to the global disease burden. In low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) like South Africa, the long-term impact of SMHCs on individuals and their families is serious. However, mental health services focus on clinical recovery, with little attention given to the personal recovery needs of mental health service users (MHSUs) and their caregivers. The CHIME framework outlines five domains characterising personal recovery: connectedness, hope and optimism about the future, identity, meaning in life, and empowerment. This qualitative, descriptive study sought insights from male MHSUs and their caregivers on their perspectives of personal recovery from SMHCs. Four male MHSUs and three of their caregivers were purposively selected from Cape Flats communities in the Western Cape. Data were collected using visual participatory methods, including photovoice, life graphs, community maps, and photo-elicitation interviews with MHSUs. In addition, semi-structured interviews were held with caregivers. Data were thematically analysed, and two main themes emerged: Finding meaningful participation and affirming agency. These themes describe how diverse contextual, socioeconomic, political, demographic, cultural, and spiritual factors help and hinder personal recovery. MHSUs and their caregivers sought support from mental health non-profit organisations (MH-NPOs) because of stigmatising attitudes from their communities. MH-NPOs provided MHSUs with long-term relational support and opportunities to build their capacities which helped them access living, learning, working and socialising opportunities. Understanding the diverse needs of MHSUs and including MH-NPOs in scaling up community-based mental health services in LMICs will enable more accessible services that support personal recovery.
Collaborative optimization of task scheduling and multi-agent path planning in automated warehouses
Authors: Honglin Zhang , Yaohua Wu , Jinchang Hu , Yanyan Wang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTask scheduling (TS) and multi-agent-path-finding (MAPF) are two cruxes of pickup-and-delivery in automated warehouses. In this paper, the two cruxes are optimized simultaneously. Firstly, the system model, task model, and path model are established, respectively. Then, a task scheduling algorithm based on enhanced HEFT, a heuristic MAPF algorithm and a TS- MAPF algorithm are proposed to solve this combinatorial optimization problem. In EHEFT, a novel rank priority rule is used to determine task sequencing and task allocation. In MAPF algorithm, a CBS algorithm with priority rules is designed for path search. Subsequently, the TS-MAPF algorithm which combines EHEFT and MAPF is proposed. Finally, the proposed algorithms are tested separately against relevant typical algorithms at different scales. The experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithms exhibited good performance.
Persistent extensions and analogous bars: data-induced relations between persistence barcodes
Authors: Yoon Hee Rhang , Ghrist Robert , Giusti Chad 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA central challenge in topological data analysis is the interpretation of barcodes. The classical algebraic-topological approach to interpreting homology classes is to build maps to spaces whose homology carries semantics we understand and then to appeal to functoriality. However, we often lack such maps in real data; instead, we must rely on a cross-dissimilarity measure between our observations of a system and a reference. In this paper, we develop a pair of computational homological algebra approaches for relating persistent homology classes and barcodes: persistent extension, which enumerates potential relations between homology classes from two complexes built on the same vertex set, and the method of analogous bars, which utilizes persistent extension and the witness complex built from a cross-dissimilarity measure to provide relations across systems. We provide an implementation of these methods and demonstrate their use in comparing homology classes between two samples from the same metric space and determining whether topology is maintained or destroyed under clustering and dimensionality reduction.
Topological properties of quasiconformal automorphism groups
Authors: Biersack Florian , Lauf Wolfgang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLet $$G \subsetneq \mathbb {C}$$

G
⊊
C

be a bounded, simply connected domain in $$\mathbb {C}$$
C
, and denote by $$\begin{aligned} Q(G):= \left\{ f: G \longrightarrow G \ |\ f \text { is a quasiconformal mapping of } G \text { onto } G \ \right\} \end{aligned}$$

Q

(
G
)

:
=

f
:
G
⟶
G

|

f

is a quasiconformal mapping of

G

onto

G

the quasiconformal automorphism group of G. In a canonical manner, the set Q(G) carries the structure of a (non–abelian) group with respect to composition of mappings. Moreover, we endow the set Q(G) with the topology of uniform convergence by the supremum metric $$\begin{aligned} d_{\sup }(f, g):= \sup \limits _{z \in G} \left| f(z) - g(z) \right| , f, g \in Q(G). \end{aligned}$$

d
sup

(
f
,
g
)

:
=

sup

z
∈
G

f
(
z
)
-
g
(
z
)

,
f
,
g
∈
Q

(
G
)

.

In this paper, we present results concerning topological properties of Q(G) such as completeness, separability, path–connectedness, discreteness and compactness.
How to Improve Others’ Emotions: Reappraise and be Responsive
Authors: Jurkiewicz Olivia , McGarrigle C. Blair , Oveis Christopher 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPeople often try to improve others’ emotions. However, it is unclear which interpersonal emotion regulation strategies are most effective and why. In 121 candid dyadic conversations between undergraduate students via video conferencing, target participants recounted a stressful event to regulator participants. Three strategies used by regulators during these conversations to change targets’ emotions were obtained from the regulator after the conversation: extrinsic reappraisal, extrinsic suppression, and extrinsic acceptance. Perceived regulator responsiveness was obtained from targets to examine the social consequences of extrinsic emotion regulation and its mediating role in successful extrinsic emotion regulation. We found that regulators’ extrinsic reappraisal use was associated with improved target emotions measured across two distinct classes of outcomes: targets’ emotions during the conversation and targets’ perception that the regulator improved their emotions. Regulators’ extrinsic suppression and acceptance, in contrast, were not related with improved target emotions or perceptions of improvement. Instead, all extrinsic regulatory strategies were associated with improved targets’ emotions when mediated by targets’ perceptions of regulator responsiveness. Finally, observer-ratings of regulators’ extrinsic reappraisal and suppression use were found to be consistent with regulators’ self-ratings and follow the same pattern of results on the outcome measures. These findings provide insight into why the social regulation of emotions can succeed or fail and hold implications for interventions aimed at guiding people toward more successfully improving others’ emotions.
How useful is pre-referral pediatric spine imaging?
Authors: Kim Dorothy J. , Dermott Jennifer A. , Howard Andrew W. , Lebel David E. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Primary care physicians rely on radiology reports to confirm a scoliosis diagnosis and inform the need for spine specialist referral. In turn, spine specialists use these reports for triage decisions and planning of care. The objectives were to determine (1) the adequacy of index images to inform treatment decisions at the initial consultation and (2) the utility of index radiology reports for appropriate triage decisions.

Methods
A retrospective chart review was conducted including all idiopathic scoliosis patients seen for initial consultation, aged three to 18 years, between January 1 and April 30, 2021. A score out of five was generated based on the adequacy of index images to provide accurate Cobb angle measurements and determine skeletal maturity. Index images were considered inadequate if repeat imaging was necessary. Index radiology reports, associated imaging, and new imaging, if obtained at the initial consultation, were compared.

Results
Of the 94 patients reviewed, 79% (n = 74) required repeat imaging at the initial consultation, of which 74% (n = 55) were due to insufficient quality and/or limited field of view. Of index images available for review at the initial consult (n = 80), 41.2% scored five out of five, and 32.5% scored two or below. Comparing index radiology reports to initial visit evaluation with ≤ 60 days between imaging (n = 49), discrepancies in Cobb angle were found in 24.5% (95% CI 14.6, 38.1) of patients. The Risser stage was reported in 14% of index radiology reports.

Conclusion
Although pre-referral pediatric spine radiographs serve a diagnostic purpose, most are inadequate for comprehensive idiopathic scoliosis evaluation.

Level of evidence
III.
Modifications to Three‐Dimensional Turbulence Parameterization for Tropical Cyclone Simulation at Convection‐Permitting Resolution
Authors: Ye Gengjiao , Zhang Xu , Yu Hui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAdequate representation of the subgrid‐scale (SGS) turbulent fluxes associated with convective clouds in the eyewall and rainbands above the boundary layer is important for simulating the formation of tropical cyclone (TC) dynamic and thermal structure, as well as the evolution and intensification of the TC. Two sets of benchmark large‐eddy simulations (LESs) for an idealized TC during the rapid intensification and mature stages were conducted. The turbulent transport above the boundary layer in the TC eyewall and rainbands exhibits a remarkable countergradient characteristic, which is poorly represented by the traditional eddy‐diffusivity closure. In contrast, the H‐gradient closure based on the horizontal gradients of the resolved variables is capable of accurately capturing the countergradient features and exhibiting a spatial distribution of SGS fluxes that mimics much better the coarse‐grained fluxes from the LES benchmarks. Moreover, the H‐gradient closure allows for the backscatter transfer of energy. By implementing the H‐gradient closure into a three‐dimensional turbulence parameterization, the TC simulated using the modified parameterization bears closer resemblance to the LES benchmarks in terms of the spatial distribution of SGS fluxes, TC intensity, primary and secondary circulations, and cloud morphology.
Scattering Attenuation Images of the Control of Thrusts and Fluid Overpressure on the 2016–2017 Central Italy Seismic Sequence
Authors: Gabrielli Simona , Akinci Aybige , De Siena Luca , Del Pezzo Edoardo , Buttinelli Mauro , Maesano Francesco Emanuele , Maffucci Roberta 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDeep fluid circulation likely triggered the large extensional events of the 2016–2017 Central Italy seismic sequence. Nevertheless, the connection between fault mechanisms, main crustal‐scale thrusts, and the circulation and interaction of fluids with tectonic structures controlling the sequence is still debated. Here, we show that the 3D temporal and spatial mapping of peak delays, proxy of scattering attenuation, detects thrusts and sedimentary structures and their control on fluid overpressure and release. After the mainshocks, scattering attenuation drastically increases across the hanging wall of the Monti Sibillini and Acquasanta thrusts, revealing fracturing and fluid migration. Before the sequence, low‐scattering volumes within Triassic formations highlight regions of fluid overpressure, which enhances rock compaction. Our results highlight the control of thrusts and paleogeography on the sequence and hint at the monitoring potential of the technique for the seismic hazard assessment of the Central Apennines and other tectonic regions.
Irradiation plus myeloid-derived suppressor cell-targeted therapy for overcoming treatment resistance in immunologically cold urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Yamamoto Shoma , Kato Minoru , Takeyama Yuji , Azuma Yukari , Yukimatsu Nao , Hirayama Yukiyoshi , Otoshi Taiyo , Yamasaki Takeshi , Fujioka Masaki , Gi Min , Wanibuchi Hideki , Uchida Junji 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Radiotherapy (RT) has recently been highlighted as a partner of immune checkpoint inhibitors. The advantages of RT include activation of lymphocytes while it potentially recruits immunosuppressive cells, such as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of overcoming treatment resistance in immunologically cold tumours by combining RT and MDSC-targeted therapy.

Methods
The abscopal effects of irradiation were evaluated using MB49 and cisplatin-resistant MB49R mouse bladder cancer cells, with a focus on the frequency of immune cells and programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression in a xenograft model.

Results
MB49R was immunologically cold compared to parental MB49 as indicated by the fewer CD8+ T cells and lower PD-L1 expression. Polymorphonuclear MDSCs increased in both MB49 and MB49R abscopal tumours, whereas the infiltration of CD8+ T cells increased only in MB49 but not in MB49R tumours. Interestingly, PD-L1 expression was not elevated in abscopal tumours. Finally, blocking MDSC in combination with RT remarkably reduced the growth of both MB49 and MB49R abscopal tumours regardless of the changes in the frequency of infiltrating CD8+ T cells.

Conclusions
The combination of RT and MDSC-targeted therapy could overcome treatment resistance in immunologically cold tumours.