bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mapping farmer vulnerability to target interventions for climate-resilient agriculture: science in practice
Authors: Prasad Pooja , Gupta Parth , Belsare Hemant , Mahendra Chirag M. , Bhopale Manasi , Deshmukh Sudhanshu , Sohoni Milind 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Farmers in dryland regions are highly vulnerable to rainfall variability. This vulnerability is unequal, as it is mediated by biophysical and social factors. Implementing policies for climate resilience requires identification of farmers who are most vulnerable to extreme events like dry spells. We develop a novel approach by conceptualizing dry spell vulnerability at the farm scale in terms of monsoon crop water deficit. Using inputs of weather, terrain, soil properties, land-use-land-cover, crop properties, and cadastral maps, our tool models an hourly soil water balance at 30 m × 30 m resolution and maps the crop water deficit under rainfed conditions. This is a good indicator of the relative sensitivity of farmers to dry spells and allows prioritization of interventions within the focus region. Our tool, developed and deployed within the Maharashtra State Project on Climate-Resilient Agriculture, is iteratively calibrated and refined. We present the result of one such iteration where 72% of cases were found to have an agreement between the modelled output and farmers' perception of dry spell-induced crop water stress. Our work demonstrates how vulnerability to climate hazards may be mapped at micro-scales to assist policy makers in targeting interventions in ecologically fragile regions with high rainfall variability.
THE SOVEREIGN NATIONAL CONFERENCE AND THE LONG UNFINISHED POLITICAL TRANSITION IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO (FROM 1990 TO THE PRESENT) / LA CONFERENCE NATIONALE SOUVERAINE ET LA LONGUE TRANSITION POLITIQUE INACHEVEE EN REPUBLIQUE DEMOCRATIQUE D
Authors: APOLO MSAMBYA Joseph 
Published: July 2023

For more than sixty years since the DR Congo gained independence, the aftermath has been characterized by the adoption of constitutional texts essentially inspired by the metropolitan model. This led one to believe that the era of democratic stability was now open. Unfortunately, this was a very short-lived moment, as authoritarianism took hold between the end of 1964 and the beginning of the 1990s with the single-party system (MPR). Political liberalization with the return of a multiparty system took place again in the 1990s following the Sovereign National Conference (CNS). After the wars of aggression and liberation of 1996-1998, the Sun-city agreement and other arrangements were signed to end the cycles of violence. These political changes have been analyzed almost exclusively through the prism of democratic transition, as have all the changes since. But in our view, these political transitions do not seem to be fading away into democratic or pluralistic regimes. We sometimes see democratic advances on the one hand, and the non-completion of the transitional process on the other. And it is this reflection that will be the subject of our analysis in this article.
Ecological Threat Report 2022: A Review From a Security Perspective
Authors: Aboudouh Khaled 
Published: July 2023

-	حدد تقرير التهديد البيئي 27 دولة من النقاط الساخنة التي تواجه تهديدات بيئية كارثية، بينما تتمتع بأدنى مستويات للصمود المجتمعي، وهذه البلدان هي موطن 768 مليون شخص.
-	هناك علاقة دورية بين التدهور البيئي والصراع؛ حيث يؤدي تدهور الموارد إلى الصراع، ويؤدي الصراع الناجم عن ذلك إلى مزيد من تدهور الموارد. يتطلب كسر الحلقة تحسين إدارة الموارد البيئية والصمود الاجتماعي والاقتصادي.
-	دون اتخاذ إجراءات دولية متضافرة، فإن المستويات الحالية من التدهور البيئي سوف تزداد سوءًا، ما يؤدي إلى كثير من التحديات التي قد تؤدي إلى مزيد من انعدام الأمن العالمي.
-	تمتلك الدول التي تتمتع بمستويات عالية من الصمود والمرونة المجتمعية القدرة على إدارة مواردها الطبيعية واحتياجات مواطنيها بشكل أفضل.
Chlorin e6-modified iron oxide nanoparticles for photothermal-photodynamic ablation of glioblastoma cells
Authors: Yao Hongqing , Zhou Jian-Ying 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: The effective treatment of glioblastoma still remains a great challenge. We herein report the development of chlorin e6 (Ce6)-conjugated iron oxide (Fe3O4-Ce6) nanoparticles for ablation of glioblastoma cells via combining photothermal therapy (PTT) with photodynamic therapy (PDT).Methods: Ce6 was conjugated to the synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles to form Fe3O4-Ce6 nanoparticles displaying the optical property of Ce6.Results and discussion: Under 808 nm laser irradiation, Fe3O4-Ce6 nanoparticles generated heat and the temperature increase did not have obvious changes after five cycles of laser irradiation, suggesting their good photothermal effect and photothermal stability. In addition, 660 nm laser irradiation of Fe3O4-Ce6 nanoparticles produced singlet oxygen (1O2) to mediate PDT. The Fe3O4-Ce6 nanoparticles without laser irradiation showed a low cytotoxicity, but they would obviously kill C6 cancer cells after laser irradiation via the combinational effect of PTT and PDT. Fe3O4-Ce6 nanoparticles thus could be used as a nanotherapeutic agent for combinational ablation of glioblastoma cells.
A complicated case of whole-lung lavage: a case report
Authors: Petrarulo Simone , Lucchin Manuel , Oldani Stefano , Dubini Alessandra , Piciucchi Sara , Gori Alberto , Aiello Luca , Maitan Stefano , Spagnolo Paolo , Ravaglia Claudia , Poletti Venerino 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionWe report a life-threatening case of severe respiratory failure due to a pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) secondary to lysinuric protein intolerance (LPI), complicated by a pre-existing right pneumothorax, which we treated using a rescue whole-lung lavage (WLL). To date, in the literature, there are no cases of WLL performed in this condition.Clinical conditionPatient was referred to our center because of rapidly worsening dyspnea and deterioration of gas exchange, caused by a secondary form of PAP which required an immediate therapeutic option such as the one offered by WLL. On physical examination, bilateral crackles were present, and peripheral blood oxygen saturation was 78% on oxygen with a FiO2 of 40%.InterventionsAfter stabilizing the clinical conditions with oxygen therapy erogated through a high-flow nasal cannula, shortly after admission, we performed a rescue WLL among two procedures. The procedure was very effective, and the patient was later discharged without oxygen therapy and in good clinical condition.ConclusionOur case report represents a chance to help fill the gap of knowledge relative to secondary forms of PAP. The patient we presented suffers from a very rare genetic condition (LPI) that only has a few reported cases in the literature and has a very low prevalence which makes it difficult to produce the affected people:newborns ratio. We believe that difficult and rare cases like this one can improve our understanding of the disease and, most importantly, of how much the only therapeutic option we had, a rescue WLL, is effective to improve gas exchange and radiological features, despite being performed in these severe respiratory conditions.
18-α-glycyrrhetinic acid alleviates oxidative damage in periodontal tissue by modulating the interaction of Cx43 and JNK/NF-κB pathways
Authors: Cao Niuben , Liu Xiaomeng , Hou Yubo , Deng Yu , Xin Yu , Xin Xirui , Xiang Xinchen , Liu Xinchan , Yu Weixian 
Published: July 2023

Objective: Periodontitis is a common chronic inflammatory disease in which oxidative stress is one of the key pathogenic factors. Connexin43 (Cx43) is the most critical and widely distributed connexin isoform. When the organism undergoes a severe and sustained stress response, Cx43-mediated gap junctions (GJs) are believed to underlie the biology of tissue injury exacerbation and amplification. Notably, 18-α-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is a classical pharmacological inhibitor of GJs and has antioxidant potential. However, the regulatory role of GA in the redox signaling of periodontal tissues and the potential mechanisms of Cx43 in the pathogenesis of periodontitis remain uncertain.Methods: In this study, we evaluated the effects and mechanisms of GA in alleviating oxidative damage of periodontal tissues and cells by constructing an H2O2-induced oxidative stress model in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) and a periodontitis model in rats.Results: Cellular experiments showed that GA effectively attenuated H2O2-induced oxidative damage in hPDLCs by inhibiting the expression and function of Cx43. In addition, pretreatment of hPDLCs with either GA or SP600125 (a JNK inhibitor) inhibited the Cx43/JNK/NF-κB pathway, restored cell viability, and reduced apoptosis. Animal experiment results showed that GA intervention reduced alveolar bone resorption and periodontal tissue destruction, inhibited osteoclast differentiation, improved mitochondrial structural abnormalities and dysfunction in periodontal tissue, and decreased oxidative stress levels and apoptosis in rats with periodontitis.Conclusion: Overall, our findings suggest that the Cx43/JNK/NF-κB pathway may play a vital role to promote periodontitis progression, while GA reduces oxidative stress and apoptosis by inhibiting the interaction of Cx43 and JNK/NF-κB pathways, thus alleviating oxidative damage in the periodontal tissues.
Tolerance of immersive head-mounted virtual reality among older nursing home residents
Authors: Rmadi Hajer , Maillot Pauline , Artico Romain , Baudouin Edouard , Hanneton Sylvain , Dietrich Gilles , Duron Emmanuelle 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionVirtual Reality (VR) is a tool that is increasingly used in the aging population. Head-Mounted Displays (HMDs) are stereoscopic vision devices used for immersive VR. Cybersickness is sometimes reported after head-mounted display (HMD) VR exposure. Cybersickness severity and anxiety state reflect VR low tolerance. We aimed to evaluate HMD VR tolerance among older nursing home residents through cybersickness and anxiety state.MethodsA total of 36 participants were included in this preliminary study, 33 of whom (mean age: 89.33 ± 5.48) underwent three individual HMD VR sessions with three different contents. Cybersickness occurrence and severity were scored by the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) after each session. Anxiety state was assessed by the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory form Y-A before and after each session. Anxiety trait (using State–Trait Anxiety Inventory form Y-B) was also evaluated before and after the experiment. In total, 92% (33/36) of patients completed all three sessions, of which 61% (20/33) did not report any cybersickness symptoms (SSQ = 0). Six participants reported significant cybersickness (defined by an SSQ score ⩾10) in at least one session.DiscussionOnly two participants stopped the study after the first exposure because of cybersickness. Age, cognitive function, anxiety trait, and well-being were not associated with cybersickness. The mean anxiety state decreased significantly from pre- to post-session. This immersive HMD VR experience was well tolerated among nursing home dwellers. Further larger studies in this population aiming to identify CS determinants are needed in order to use HMD VR on a standard basis.
PENGARUH ALAT KONTRASEPSI HORMONAL TERHADAP KEHAMILAN KEMBALI PADA PASANGAN USIA SUBUR DI PUSKESMAS POLOMBANGKENG UTARA TAKALAR
Authors: Isnaeny  
Published: July 2023

Jenis penelitian ini adalah metode observasional dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah semua pasangan usia subur yang melepaskan kontrasepsi hormonal dan hamil kembali di Puskesmas Polombangkeng UtaraTakalar bulan Januari - Februari 2023 diperoleh sampel sebanyak 92 orang dengan mengguakan teknik pengambilan sampel secara Total Sampling
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 92 orang yang dijadikan sebagai sampel, yang menggunakan kontrasepsi pil sebanyak 26 orang (28,3%), suntik sebanyak 56 orang (60,9%) dan implant sebanyak 10 orang (10,9%).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 92 orang yang dijadikan sebagai sampel, akseptor yang hamil kembali setelah menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal sebanyak 42 orang (45,7%) dan yang tidak menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal sebanyak 50 orang (54,3%).Terdapat pengaruh alat kontrasepsi hormonal terhadap kehamilan kembali pasangan usia subur di Puskesmas Polombangkeng UtaraTakalar
Textural and Mineralogical Evolution of the Little Nahanni Pegmatite Group (NWT, Canada) with Implications for Metasomatism, Rare-Metal Mineralization, and Pegmatite–Wall Rock Interaction
Authors: Pfister Jérémie D. , Kontak Daniel J. , Groat Lee A. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Situated in the Northwest Territories (Canada), the Cretaceous (ca. 85 Ma) Little Nahanni Pegmatite Group is an LCT-type pegmatite swarm enriched in Li, Sn, and Ta. Displaying intensive albitization associated with rare-metal mineralization (i.e., Nb, Ta, Sn), having a notably high surface-area-to-volume ratio (i.e., hundreds of thin dikes), and being particularly well exposed in a suite of thirteen glacial cirques, the Little Nahanni Pegmatite Group provides an ideal opportunity to investigate some unresolved aspects of pegmatite formation and evolution, such as metasomatism, pegmatite–wall rock interaction, and the nature and origin of rare-metal mineralization (i.e., magmatic versus metasomatic).
Using an integrated approach combining field observations with detailed textural and mineralogical studies, two different stages of pegmatite evolution are documented: primary magmatic followed by intense metasomatism. Preservation of primary magmatic features, such as coarse oriented high aspect-ratio crystals (spodumene, K-feldspar), banded aplites, anisotropic fabrics, and skeletal textures, highlight the importance of undercooling (ΔT) of the melt with consequent disequilibrium crystallization and boundary layer effects. The metasomatic stage is dominated by the formation of domains of secondary albite and is attributed to interaction with a residual highly fluxed sodic melt and is responsible for most of the rare-metal mineralization; less abundant micaceous units and cafemic domains reflect incursion of acidic magmatic-sourced and alkaline wall rock derived fluids.
Our findings are significant and have widespread application to all pegmatite types. Particularly significant is the finding that the rare-metal mineralization is mostly localized to zones of metasomatism.
Germanium Enrichment Mechanism: An Example from the Maoping Carbonate-Hosted Zn-Pb-(Ge) Deposit, SW China
Authors: Wang Lei , Zhang Yan , Han Runsheng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Germanium (Ge), as a critical metal, is in high demand due to its growing usage in emerging industries and green technologies. The Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou Zn-Pb metallogenic region, located on the southwestern margin of the Yangtze block, is one of the most important producers of Ge in China. The Maoping Zn-Pb deposit in the Sichuan-Yunnan-Guizhou region contains Ge-bearing sphalerite, whose crystal chemistry and process of Ge incorporation are poorly resolved. Sphalerite occurring in two hydrothermal stages (Sp-II and Sp-III) is recognized in this deposit. Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to map the concentrations of key elements (including Mn, Fe, Cu, Ga, Ge, As, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Hg, and Pb) in Sp-II and Sp-III, and their distributions were qualitatively compared, followed by a quantitative assessment through application of the structural similarity index. The results suggest that Ge positively correlates with Cu in Sp-II, but with Ag in Sp-III, differences that may be related to the temperature of formation. The metamorphic basement is the main source of Ge in the Maoping deposit. Additionally, coal seams in this deposit could potentially be important contributors to Ge enrichment. A model for Ge mineralization was proposed in which the mixing of the Ge-bearing metamorphic fluids with the Ge-bearing basin brines precipitated sphalerite, and the Ge was incorporated into Sp-II and Sp-III via 2Cu+ + Ge4+ ↔ 3Zn2+ and 2Ag+ + Ge4+ ↔ 3Zn2+, respectively, under medium sulfur fugacity and low oxygen fugacity conditions.
Relativistic Corrections in White Dwarf Asteroseismology
Authors: Boston S. Reece , Evans Charles R. , Clemens J. Christopher 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
With the precision now afforded by modern space-based photometric observations from the retired K2 and current TESS missions, the effects of general relativity (GR) may be detectable in the light curves of pulsating white dwarfs (WDs). Almost all WD models are calculated using a Newtonian description of gravity and hydrodynamics. To determine if the inclusion of GR leads to observable effects, we used idealized models of compact stars and made side-by-side comparisons of mode periods computed using a: (i) Newtonian and (ii) GR description of the equilibrium structure and nonradial pulsations. For application to WDs, it is only necessary to include the first post-Newtonian (1pn) approximation to GR. The mathematical nature of the linear nonradial pulsation problem is then qualitatively unchanged and the GR corrections can be written as extensions of the classic Dziembowski equations. As such, GR effects might easily be included in existing asteroseismology codes. The idealized stellar models are (i) 1pn relativistic polytropes and (ii) stars with a cold degenerate electron equation of state featuring a near-surface chemical transition from μ

e
= 2 to μ

e
= 1, simulating a surface hydrogen layer. A comparison of Newtonian and 1pn normal mode periods reveals fractional differences in the order of the surface gravitational redshift z. For a typical WD, this fractional difference is ∼10−4 and is greater than the period uncertainty σ
Π/Π of many WD pulsation modes observed by TESS. Consistent theoretical modeling of periods observed in these stars should, in principle, include GR effects to 1pn order.
Family medicine residents’ perspectives on different teaching modalities used throughout their training
Authors: Alrashed Dimah A. , El Said Tarek , Kofi Mostafa A. 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
New teaching modalities have emerged throughout the years to help enhance residency training programs. Studies have shown that when establishing a new teaching modality, it is crucial to consider the trainee’s perception and feedback as trainee-centered teaching techniques aim to enhance the students’ motivations and problem-solving skills. The aim of this study is to discover residents’ perceptions of different teaching modalities used through their training programs and to recognize which teaching modality is preferable to residents among the family medicine residents in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Methodology:
A cross-sectional study was conducted between April 2021 and April 2022 that included all family medicine residents in the Saudi Board Family Medicine Training Program at Prince Sultan Military Medical City (PSMMC) in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. An online questionnaire included two main parts. The first part collected demographic information. The second part concerned residents’ opinions regarding different teaching modalities used throughout their training and factors leading to better learning outcomes.

Results:
The survey was completed by 60 family medicine residents. Half of the respondents perceived weekly academic day activities [WADA] as the most important teaching style (53.3%), followed by self-directed learning [SDL] (40%), while learning management system [LMS] was not ranked as the top choice by any of the respondents.

Conclusion:
These findings can be applied to the improvement of family medicine training programs. Understanding the perceptions of different teaching modalities can help enhance training programs to help future family medicine practitioners.
Perancangan Jaringan Local Area Network sebagai Monitoring Pembelajaran di Laboratorium Komputer
Authors: Rio Roma , Hari Hari 
Published: July 2023

Membangun jaringan Local Area Network (LAN) dan memonitoring pembelajaran merupakan salah satu cara untuk memudahkan para guru dalam meyampaikan bahan belajar siswa dengan jaringan komputer, sehingga pembelajaran dapat berjalan secara praktis dan efektiv. Dalam hal memonitoring pembelajaran juga guru dapat dengan mudah mengawasi kegiatan siswa saat menggunakan komputer client dengan komputer server atau komputer yang digunakan oleh guru. Metodelogi penelitian yang digunakan dalam hal ini adalah Research and Development (R&D) versi Four-D. Hasil penelitian ini menciptakan sebuah laboratorium komputer yang sudah terkoneksi dengan jaringan Local Area Network (LAN) dan monitoring pembelajaran sehinga proses belajar mengajar dapat lebih praktis dan efektiv. Berdasarkan hasil uji validitas yang dilakukan oleh ahli komputer menunjukan bahwa penelitian ini valid dengan nilai 0,85. Hasil uji praktikalitas yang dilakukan oleh guru SMK GENUS Bukittinggi menunjukan bawah penelitian ini praktis dengan nilai 0,97, dan hasil uji efektifitas yang dilakukakan dengan siswa menunjukan penelitian ini efektif dengan nilai 0,87. Hasil dari uji produk ini menunjukan rancangan yang dirancang digunakan dengan baik.
PENGARUH SOCIAL MEDIA, WORD OF MOUTH (WOM) DAN LIFESTYLE TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN PADA TOKO ONLINE YUIKA SHOP
Authors: Megasuciati Wardani  
Published: July 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis beberapa hal yaitu: pengaruh Social Media Marketing terhadap keputusan pembelian, pengaruh word of mouth terhadap keputusan pembelian, pengaruh Lifestyle terhadap keputusan pembelian, pengaruh electronic word of, Social Media Marketing dan Lifestyle terhadap keputusan pembelian di Oline Yuika Shop di Kota Bima. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian asosiatif dengan sampel sebanyak 96 responden yang merupakan Masyarakat Kota Bima. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan daftar pertanyaan seperti kuesioner dan teknik analisis data teknik analisis data menggunakan Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) untuk menguji empat hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian menujunjukkan bahwa: (1) Word of Mouth secara persial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian; (2) Social Media Marketing secara persial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian; (3) Lifestyle secara parsial berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Keputusan Pembelian; (4) Word of Mouth, Social Media Marketing, dan Lifestyle berpengaruh terhadap Keputusan Pembelian.
Oswald, Rosa e os xamãs
Authors: Laia Evandro José Medeiros 
Published: July 2023

O desrespeito aos povos indígenas brasileiros mostra um olhar etnocêntrico, que reforça a história de um país inserido compulsoriamente na modernidade ocidental, no qual resistem modos de existir que possibilitam a imaginação de outros mundos possíveis. O que já aparecia tanto na proposta do Manifesto Antropófago, do poeta Oswald de Andrade, quanto na obra do escritor João Guimarães Rosa e seu encontro com o mundo sertanejo. O antropólogo brasileiro Eduardo Viveiros de Castro volta a estas referências quando constrói o Perspectivismo Ameríndio, tornando-se ponto de confluência da Virada Ontológica, e que pode ser tomada como um estudo da comunicação pela diferença, que chamamos neste artigo de comunicação pelo equívoco.