bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessment of fluid removal using ultrasound, bioimpedance and anthropometry in pediatric dialysis: a pilot study
Authors: Ehlayel Abdulla M. , Okunowo Oluwatimilehin , Dutt Mohini , Howarth Kathryn , Zemel Babette S. , Poznick Laura , Morgan Xenia , Denburg Michelle R. , Copelovitch Lawrence , Back Susan J. , Otero Hansel J. , Hartung Erum A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Fluid overload is associated with morbidity and mortality in children receiving dialysis. Accurate clinical assessment is difficult, and using deuterium oxide (D2O) to measure total body water (TBW) is impractical. We investigated the use of ultrasound (US), bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS), and anthropometry to assess fluid removal in children receiving maintenance hemodialysis (HD).

Methods
Participants completed US, BIS, and anthropometry immediately before and 1–2 h after HD for up to five sessions. US measured inferior vena cava (IVC) diameter, lung B-lines, muscle elastography, and dermal thickness. BIS measured the volume of extracellular (ECF) and intracellular (ICF) fluid. Anthropometry included mid-upper arm, calf and ankle circumferences, and triceps skinfold thickness. D2O was performed once pre-HD. We assessed the change in study measures pre- versus post-HD, and the correlation of change in study measures with percent change in body weight (%∆BW). We also assessed the agreement between TBW measured by BIS and D2O.

Results
Eight participants aged 3.4–18.5 years were enrolled. Comparison of pre- and post-HD measures showed significant decrease in IVC diameters, lung B-lines, dermal thickness, BIS %ECF, mid-upper arm circumference, ankle, and calf circumference. Repeated measures correlation showed significant relationships between %∆BW and changes in BIS ECF (rrm =0.51, 95% CI 0.04, 0.80) and calf circumference (rrm=0.80, 95% CI 0.51, 0.92). BIS TBW correlated with D2O TBW but overestimated TBW by 2.2 L (95% LOA, -4.75 to 0.42).

Conclusion
BIS and calf circumference may be helpful to assess changes in fluid status in children receiving maintenance HD. IVC diameter, lung B-lines and dermal thickness are potential candidates for future studies.
Making visible the cost of informal caregivers’ time in Latin America: a case study for major cardiovascular, cancer and respiratory diseases in eight countries
Authors: Espinola Natalia , Pichon-Riviere Andrés , Casarini Agustín , Alcaraz Andrea , Bardach Ariel , Williams Caitlin , Rodriguez Cairoli Federico , Augustovski Federico , Palacios Alfredo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Informal care is a key element of health care and well-being for society, yet it is scarcely visible and rarely studied in health economic evaluations. This study aims to estimate the time use and cost associated with informal care for cardiovascular diseases, pneumonia and ten different cancers in eight Latin American countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico and Peru).

Methods
We carried out an exhaustive literature review on informal caregivers’ time use, focusing on the selected diseases. We developed a survey for professional caregivers and conducted expert interviews to validate this data in the local context. We used an indirect estimate through the interpolation of the available data, for those cases in which we do not found reliable information. We used the proxy good method to estimate the monetary value of the use of time of informal care. National household surveys databases were processed to obtain the average wage per hour of a proxy of informal caregiver. Estimates were expressed in 2020 US dollars.

Results
The study estimated approximately 1,900 million hours of informal care annually and $ 4,300 million per year in average informal care time cost for these fifteen diseases and eight countries analyzed. Cardiovascular diseases accounted for an informal care burden that ranged from 374 to 555 h per year, while cancers varied from 512 to 1,825 h per year. The informal care time cost share on GDP varied from 0.26% (Mexico) to 1.38% (Brazil), with an average of 0.82% in the studied American countries. Informal care time cost represents between 16 and 44% of the total economic cost (direct medical and informal care cost) associated with health conditions.

Conclusions
The study shows that there is a significant informal care economic burden -frequently overlooked- in different chronic and acute diseases in Latin American countries; and highlights the relevance of including the economic value of informal care in economic evaluations of healthcare.
Molecular diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis in liquid-based Papanicolaou samples in Shiraz, southern Iran
Authors: Bahreini Mohammad Saleh , Sedghi Samaneh , Badalzadeh Yalda , Motazedian Mohammad Hossein , Shirani Manouchehr , Jahromi Sareh Sami , Teimouri Aref , Agholi Mahmoud , Asgari Qasem 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Trichomoniasis is a parasitic infection of the urinary and genital tract, caused by Trichomonas vaginalis. This study aimed to investigate the molecular diagnosis of T. vaginalis infection in liquid-based Papanicolaou samples in Shiraz, southern Iran.

Materials and methods
In this cross-sectional study, 534 liquid-based Papanicolaou samples were collected from women referring to the laboratory of Motahari Clinic of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2021. Genomic DNA were extracted from the samples and examined for evidence of T. vaginalis using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using TVK3 and TVK7 specific primers.

Results
The mean age of participants was 39.28 ± 9.89 with a maximum age of 65 and a minimum age of 19 years. T. vaginalis DNA fragments were detected in 4.86% (26/534) of the cases. There was significantly higher prevalence in the age groups of 21 to 30 and 41 to 50 years (46.15%, p = 0.001 and 38.46%, p = 0.015, respectively). Furthermore, the results showed an association between a history of foamy discharge and Trichomonas positivity (p = 0.001).

Conclusion
T. vaginalis infection is common in liquid-based Papanicolaou samples of women who attended regular health check-ups in the study area. Screening for trichomoniasis in populations, particularly if using highly sensitive methods such as PCR, may lead to increased detection and treatment.
Chronic pain conditions and risk of suicidal behavior: a 10-year longitudinal co-twin control study
Authors: Chen C. , Pettersson E. , Summit A. G. , Boersma K. , Chang Z. , Kuja-Halkola R. , Lichtenstein P. , Quinn P. D. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Understanding the relationship between chronic pain conditions and suicidal behavior—suicide attempt, other intentional self-harm, and death by suicide—is imperative for suicide prevention efforts. Although chronic pain conditions are associated with suicidal behaviors, these associations might be attributed to unmeasured confounding or mediated via pain comorbidity.

Methods
We linked a population-based Swedish twin study (N=17,148 twins) with 10 years of longitudinal, nationwide records of suicidal behavior from health and mortality registers through 2016. To investigate whether pain comorbidity versus specific pain conditions were more important for later suicidal behavior, we modeled a general factor of pain and two independent specific pain factors (measuring pain-related somatic symptoms and neck-shoulder pain, respectively) based on 9 self-reported chronic pain conditions. To examine whether the pain-suicidal behavior associations were attributable to familial confounding, we applied a co-twin control model.

Results
Individuals scoring one standard deviation above the mean on the general pain factor had a 51% higher risk of experiencing suicidal behavior (odds ratio (OR), 1.51; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.34–1.72). The specific factor of somatic pain was also associated with increased risk for suicidal behavior (OR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.45–2.22]). However, after adjustment for familial confounding, the associations were greatly attenuated and not statistically significant within monozygotic twin pairs (general pain factor OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.59–1.33; somatic pain factor OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.49–2.11)

Conclusion
Clinicians might benefit from measuring not only specific types of pain, but also pain comorbidity; however, treating pain might not necessarily reduce future suicidal behavior, as the associations appeared attributable to familial confounding.
Use of almitrine in spontaneously breathing patients with COVID-19 treated with high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy and with persistent hypoxemia
Authors: Saccheri Clément , Morand Lucas , Juston Marie , Doyen Denis , Hyvernat Hervé , Lombardi Romain , Devanlay Raphaël , Panicucci Émilie , Dellamonica Jean , Jozwiak Mathieu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Almitrine, a selective pulmonary vasoconstrictor in hypoxic area, improves oxygenation in mechanically ventilated patients with COVID-19 but its effects in spontaneously breathing patients with COVID-19 remain to be determined.

Methods
We prospectively studied the effects of almitrine (16 µg/kg/min over 30 min followed by continuous administration in responders only) in 62 patients (66% of male, 63 [53–69] years old) with COVID-19 treated with high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNO) and with persistent hypoxemia, defined as a PaO2/FiO2 ratio < 100 with FiO2 > 80% after a single awake prone positioning session. Patients with an increase in PaO2/FiO2 ratio > 20% were considered as responders.

Results
Overall, almitrine increased the PaO2/FiO2 ratio by 50% (p < 0.01), decreased the partial arterial pressure of carbon dioxide by 7% (p = 0.01) whereas the respiratory rate remained unchanged and 46 (74%) patients were responders. No patient experienced right ventricular dysfunction or acute cor pulmonale. The proportion of responders was similar regardless of the CT-Scan radiological pattern: 71% for the pattern with predominant ground-glass opacities and 76% for the pattern with predominant consolidations (p = 0.65). Responders had lower intubation rate (33 vs. 88%, p < 0.01), higher ventilator-free days at 28-day (28 [20–28 ] vs. 19 [2–24] days, p < 0.01) and shorter ICU length of stay (5 [3–10] vs.12 [7–30] days, p < 0.01) than non-responders.

Conclusions
Almitrine could be an interesting therapy in spontaneously breathing patients with COVID-19 treated with HFNO and with persistent hypoxemia, given its effects on oxygenation without serious adverse effects regardless of the CT-Scan pattern, and potentially on intubation rate. These preliminary results need to be confirmed by further randomized studies.
Detection of human annexin A1 as the novel N-terminal tag for separation and purification handle
Authors: He Xiaomei , Zhang Shuncheng , Dang Dongya , Lin Tingting , Ge Yuanyuan , Chen Xiaofeng , Fan Jun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Several fusion tags for separation handle have been developed, but the fused tag for simply and cheaply separating the target protein is still lacking.

Results
Separation conditions for the human annexin A1 (hanA1) tagged emerald green fluorescent protein (EmGFP) in Escherichia coli were optimized via precipitation with calcium chloride (CaCl2) and resolubilization with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA-Na2). The HanA1-EmGFP absorbing with other three affinity matrix was detected, only it was strongly bound to heparin Sepharose. The separation efficiency of the HanA1-EmGFP was comparable with purification efficiency of the His6-tagged HanA1-EmGFP via metal ion affinity chromatography. Three fluorescent proteins for the EmGFP, mCherry red fluorescent protein and flavin-binding cyan-green fluorescent protein LOV from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were used for naked-eye detection of the separation and purification processes, and two colored proteins including a red protein for a Vitreoscilla hemoglobin (Vhb), and a brown protein for maize sirohydrochlorin ferrochelatase (mSF) were used for visualizing the separation process. The added EDTA-Na2 disrupted the Fe–S cluster in the mSF, but it showed little impact on heme in Vhb.

Conclusions
The selected five colored proteins were efficient for detecting the applicability of the highly selective hanA1 for fusion separation and purification handle. The fused hanA1 tag will be potentially used for simple and cheap affinity separation of the target proteins in industry and diagnosis.
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and adherence to Mediterranean diet in an adult population: the Mediterranean diet index as a pollution level index
Authors: García Silvia , Bouzas Cristina , Mateos David , Pastor Rosario , Álvarez Laura , Rubín María , Martínez-González Miguel Ángel , Salas-Salvadó Jordi , Corella Dolores , Goday Albert , Martínez J. Alfredo , Alonso-Gómez Ángel M. , Wärnberg Julia , Vioque Jesús , Romaguera Dora , Lopez-Miranda José , Estruch Ramon , Tinahones Francisco J. , Lapetra José , Serra-Majem Lluís , Riquelme-Gallego Blanca , Pintó Xavier , Gaforio José J. , Matía Pilar , Vidal Josep , Vázquez Clotilde , Daimiel Lidia , Ros Emilio , Bes-Rastrollo Maira , Guillem-Saiz Patricia , Nishi Stephanie , Cabanes Robert , Abete Itziar , Goicolea-Güemez Leire , Gómez-Gracia Enrique , Signes-Pastor Antonio José , Colom Antoni , García-Ríos Antonio , Castro-Barquero Sara , Fernández-García Jose C. , Santos-Lozano José Manuel , Vázquez Zenaida , Sorlí José V. , Pascual Maria , Castañer Olga , Zulet Maria Angeles , Vaquero-Luna Jessica , Basterra-Gortari F. Javier , Babio Nancy , Ciurana Ramon , Martín-Sánchez Vicente , Tur Josep A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Research related to sustainable diets is is highly relevant to provide better understanding of the impact of dietary intake on the health and the environment.

Aim
To assess the association between the adherence to an energy-restricted Mediterranean diet and the amount of CO2 emitted in an older adult population.

Design and population
Using a cross-sectional design, the association between the adherence to an energy-reduced Mediterranean Diet (erMedDiet) score and dietary CO2 emissions in 6646 participants was assessed.

Methods
Food intake and adherence to the erMedDiet was assessed using validated food frequency questionnaire and 17-item Mediterranean questionnaire. Sociodemographic characteristics were documented. Environmental impact was calculated through greenhouse gas emissions estimations, specifically CO2 emissions of each participant diet per day, using a European database. Participants were distributed in quartiles according to their estimated CO2 emissions expressed in kg/day: Q1 (≤2.01 kg CO2), Q2 (2.02-2.34 kg CO2), Q3 (2.35-2.79 kg CO2) and Q4 (≥2.80 kg CO2).

Results
More men than women induced higher dietary levels of CO2 emissions. Participants reporting higher consumption of vegetables, fruits, legumes, nuts, whole cereals, preferring white meat, and having less consumption of red meat were mostly emitting less kg of CO2 through diet. Participants with higher adherence to the Mediterranean Diet showed lower odds for dietary CO2 emissions: Q2 (OR 0.87; 95%CI: 0.76-1.00), Q3 (OR 0.69; 95%CI: 0.69-0.79) and Q4 (OR 0.48; 95%CI: 0.42-0.55) vs Q1 (reference).

Conclusions
The Mediterranean diet can be environmentally protective since the higher the adherence to the Mediterranean diet, the lower total dietary CO2 emissions. Mediterranean Diet index may be used as a pollution level index.
mTORC2: a multifaceted regulator of autophagy
Authors: Sun Yanan , Wang Huihui , Qu Taiqi , Luo Junjie , An Peng , Ren Fazheng , Luo Yongting , Li Yixuan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Autophagy is a multi-step catabolic process that delivers cellular components to lysosomes for degradation and recycling. The dysregulation of this precisely controlled process disrupts cellular homeostasis and leads to many pathophysiological conditions. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a central nutrient sensor that integrates growth signals with anabolism to fulfil biosynthetic and bioenergetic requirements. mTOR nucleates two distinct evolutionarily conserved complexes (mTORC1 and mTORC2). However, only mTORC1 is acutely inhibited by rapamycin. Consequently, mTORC1 is a well characterized regulator of autophagy. While less is known about mTORC2, the availability of acute small molecule inhibitors and multiple genetic models has led to increased understanding about the role of mTORC2 in autophagy. Emerging evidence suggests that the regulation of mTORC2 in autophagy is mainly through its downstream effector proteins, and is variable under different conditions and cellular contexts. Here, we review recent advances that describe a role for mTORC2 in this catabolic process, and propose that mTORC2 could be a potential clinical target for the treatment of autophagy-related diseases.

Graphical abstract
Computed tomography-detected extramural venous invasion-related gene signature: a potential negative biomarker of immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment in patients with gastric cancer
Authors: Yang Hao , Gou Xinyi , Feng Caizhen , Zhang Yinli , Chai Fan , Hong Nan , Ye Yingjiang , Wang Yi , Gao Bo , Cheng Jin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the association between computed tomography (CT)-detected extramural venous invasion (EMVI)-related genes and immunotherapy resistance and immune escape in patients with gastric cancer (GC).

Methods
Thirteen patients with pathologically proven locally advanced GC who had undergone preoperative abdominal contrast-enhanced CT and radical resection surgery were included in this study. Transcriptome sequencing was multidetector performed on the cancerous tissue obtained during surgery, and EMVI-related genes (P value for association < 0.001) were selected. A single-sample gene set enrichment analysis algorithm was also used to divide all GC samples (n = 377) in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database into high and low EMVI-immune related groups based on immune-related differential genes. Cluster analysis was used to classify EMVI-immune-related genotypes, and survival among patients was validated in TCGA and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohorts. The EMVI scores were calculated using principal component analysis (PCA), and GC samples were divided into high and low EMVI score groups. Microsatellite instability (MSI) status, tumor mutation burden (TMB), response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), immune escape were compared between the high and low EMVI score groups. Hub gene of the model in pan-cancer analysis was also performed.

Results
There were 17 EMVI-immune-related genes used for cluster analysis. PCA identified 8 genes (PCH17, SEMA6B, GJA4, CD34, ACVRL1, SOX17, CXCL12, DYSF) that were used to calculate EMVI scores. High EMVI score groups had lower MSI, TMB and response rate of ICIs, status but higher immune escape status. Among the 8 genes used for EMVI scores, CXCL12 and SOX17 were at the core of the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network and had a higher priority in pan-cancer analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the expression of CXCL12 and SOX17 was significantly higher in CT-detected EMVI-positive samples than in EMVI-negative samples (P < 0.0001).

Conclusion
A CT-detected EMVI gene signature could be a potential negative biomarker for ICIs treatment, as the signature is negatively correlated with TMB, and MSI, resulting in poorer prognosis.
Edible insect biodiversity and anthropo-entomophagy practices in Kalehe and Idjwi territories, D.R. Congo
Authors: Ishara Jackson , Cokola Marcellin C. , Buzera Ariel , Mmari Mercy , Bugeme David , Niassy Saliou , Katcho Karume , Kinyuru John 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Located in the Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (South-Kivu), Kalehe and Idjwi are two relatively unexplored territories with little to no research on edible insects even though anthropo-entomophagy practice is widespread. This study therefore aimed at exploring the biodiversity, perception, consumption, availability, host plants, harvesting techniques, and processing techniques of edible insects.

Methods
Data were collected through a field survey using three techniques, namely structured interviews, direct observations, and insect collection and taxonomy. A total of 260 respondents, 130 in each territory, were interviewed. The field survey focused on inventorying commonly edible insects as well as recording consumer preferences, preference factors, seasonal availability, host plants, harvesting techniques, and processing and preservation methods. Samples for taxonomic characterization were preserved in 70% alcohol.

Results
Nine edible insects, namely Ruspolia differens Serville 1838, Gryllotalpa Africana Palisot de Beauvois 1805, Locusta migratoria Linnaeus 1758, Macrotermes subhyalinus Rambur 1842, Gnathocera trivittata Swederus 1787, Rhynchophorus phoenicis Fabricius 1801, Vespula spp. Linnaeus 1758, Apis mellifera Linnaeus 1758, and Imbrasia oyemensis Rougeot 1955, were recorded as being consumed either as larvae, pupae, and adults. Ruspolia differens and M. subhyalinus were reported as the most preferred by consumers in the studied territories. A scatter plot of matrices and Pearson's correlations showed a negative correlation between preference based on taste, size, and shape, as well as perceived nutritional value. Their seasonal availability differs from one species to another and correlated with host plants availability. Harvesting techniques and processing and preservation methods depend on species, local knowledge, and practices.

Conclusion
The huge edible insect diversity observed in Kalehe and Idjwi is evidence of anthropo-entomophagy practices in the area. In addition to being an important delicacy and traditional foods, edible insects can contribute to food, environmental, and financial security through local business opportunities. Households can rely on edible insects to meet their nutritional needs instead of conventional livestock. Indigenous practices and technologies used for harvesting, processing, and preserving edible insects must be improved to meet international standards to increase the market and capitalize on the economic potential of edible insects.
The global prevalence and ethnic heterogeneity of iron-refractory iron deficiency anaemia
Authors: Fan Shanghua , Zhao Ting , Sun Liu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Iron-refractory iron deficiency anaemia (IRIDA) is an autosomal recessive iron deficiency anaemia caused by mutations in the TMPRSS6 gene. Iron deficiency anaemia is common, whereas IRIDA is rare. The prevalence of IRIDA is unclear. This study aimed to estimate the carrier frequency and genetic prevalence of IRIDA using Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD) data.

Methods
The pathogenicity of TMPRSS6 variants was interpreted according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) and the Association for Molecular Pathology (AMP) standards and guidelines. The minor allele frequency (MAF) of TMPRSS6 gene disease-causing variants in 141,456 unique individuals was examined to estimate the global prevalence of IRIDA in seven ethnicities: African/African American (afr), American Admixed/Latino (amr), Ashkenazi Jewish (asj), East Asian (eas), Finnish (fin), Non-Finnish European (nfe) and South Asian (sas). The global and population-specific carrier frequencies and genetic prevalence of IRIDA were calculated using the Hardy–Weinberg equation.

Results
In total, 86 pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants (PV/LPV) were identified according to ACMG/AMP guideline. The global carrier frequency and genetic prevalence of IRIDA were 2.02 per thousand and 1.02 per million, respectively.

Conclusions
The prevalence of IRIDA is greater than previous estimates.