bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Can TikTok Sound Enhance Tourism SMEs’ Engagement?
Authors: Wahid Risqo , Karjaluoto Heikki , Ukpabi Dandison , Taiminen Kimmo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study explores the role of sound and its interaction with marketer-generated content (MGC) (i.e., emotional, informational, transactional) in influencing customer engagement (CE) (i.e., views and shares) in the context of tourism SMEs and TikTok. Content analysis was conducted to analyze data from 7 travel guide services in Indonesia. The final dataset comprised 660 TikTok videos, 4,092,289 views, and 10,920 shares. The results confirm that cover sound has no direct effect either on views or shares. Also, cover sound has no interaction effects with any MGC in impacting CE (i.e., views and shares). Individually, the MGC of emotional content has significant and positive effects on views, while informational and transactional posts have no significant effects on views. Further, transactional social media posts have significant and positive effects on shares, while informational and emotional posts have no significant effects on shares. Theoretically, this study expands content marketing and tourism CE literature by investigating factors driving CE in the context of tourism SMEs and TikTok. Practically, findings from this research can assist tourism SMEs in optimizing their content marketing strategies on TikTok.
Visual Social Media Communication of Italian Luxury Hotels and the Pandemic: An AI-Assisted Content Analysis
Authors: Minor Katarzyna , Mušanović Jelena , Dorčić Jelena , Bratec Miha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study analyses the visual social media communication of Italian 5-star hotel brands to investigate whether it has changed over the course of COVID-19. An AI-based image content analysis approach was used to extract the most frequently ascribed labels from 2,439 collected photos of three consecutive year samples. The results of the performed content analysis show that the visual communication of the hotel brand is mainly focused on interior design and the natural environment, with the pandemic stimulating the use of the latter. The study contributes the literature by reinforcing the importance of relative consistency in luxury brand communication even in turbulent times.
What Makes People So Fond of Food Travel Vlogs? A Preliminary Study
Authors: Li Wenliang , Kim Yoo Ri , Scarles Caroline 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe large consumption of food travel vlogs during the COVID-19 pandemic shows its potential for destination promotion. However, little research has been done on this video form. This study explores the difference in food travel vlogs, short videos, live videos, and DMO promotion videos (DPVs) and concludes four distinctive characteristics of food travel vlogs (storytelling, authenticity, intimacy, and presence) through 38 semi-structured interviews. A Stimulus-Organism-Response (SOR) model-based conceptual framework is proposed to help understand the mechanism underlying the influence of food travel vlogs on travellers. This study hopes to provide theoretical and practical implications for destination management and vlogging practices.
Smart and Sustainable Destination Experiences: A Content Analysis on Finnish Tourism Experts’ Perspectives
Authors: Haanpää Minni , Hanni-Vaara Päivi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper discusses how Finnish tourism experts such as tourism entrepreneurs, destination management organizations (DMOs), development project personnel, and third-party organizations explain and shape the smartness of tourism destinations in Finland. We especially explore how the experts view the nexus of smartness and the experiences of tourists. The method used in this research is qualitative inductive content analysis. The preliminary findings show that the destinations aim to provide sustainable experiences with a balance between physical and digital services. However, the conditions such as scant mobility services and sometimes harsh nature conditions set challenges to developing smart tourism experiences. Smartness is still seen as a way to improve different aspects of social, cultural, and ecological sustainability.
Social Media-Based Tourist Flow Weighting
Authors: Weismayer Christian , Pezenka Ilona , Ladurner Katharina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe identification of tourism flows is of great importance for the tourism industry to design memorable experiences. Since Millions of smartphone users are sharing their routes on online social networks (OSNs), social media analytics (SMA) based on location-based social networks (LBSNs) became a powerful tool to analyze tourism flows. Thus, this paper proposes a novel analytical approach to investigate tourism flows based on geotagged social media data through the weighted inclusion of comments and likes.
Boundaries of Visitors’ Willingness to Disclose Personal Information to Tourism Destinations
Authors: Stocker Hubert , Groth Aleksander , Mirski Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWith the rising demand for personal information, touristic websites and service providers collect and increasingly depend on the willingness of tourists’ private data disclosure. While legislation slowly provides directions for data collection practices, tourists remain wary on which and how much data they should or have to provide to organize their visit in a tourism destination. Our qualitative study explores this domain holistically and lays out four boundary evaluations: blurred, but clear view, positive incentives, subjective well-being, and restraining factors on how tourists evaluate their willingness to disclose personal information to a destination. By drawing upon and substantiating theory of information privacy behavior, we contribute to the field of personal information sharing in the tourism domain by expanding and coloring the complexities of tourists’ expectations, intentions, and boundaries.
How Do Destinations Relate to One Another? A Study of Destination Visual Branding on Instagram
Authors: Nixon Lyndon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDestination marketers are aware that online communication about their destination is increasingly dependent on visual media rather than text, due to the growing popularity of social networks such as Instagram. An accurate understanding of how the destination is being presented to users in this medium is critical for digital marketing activities, e.g. to know if the desired destination brand is present or if visitors focus on other aspects of the destination than those being promoted in marketing. Unlike text mining, which has well established techniques to extract keywords and associations from text corpora, a consistent approach to understanding the content of images and expressing the resulting destination brand is lacking. This paper presents a visual classifier trained and fine-tuned specifically for destination brand measurement from images using 18 visual classes. It presents an exploratory study of how different destinations are being presented visually on Instagram and discusses how these insights could be used by destination marketers to adapt and improve their digital marketing.
Estimating Tourist Arrivals by User Generated Content Volume in Periods of Extraordinary Demand Fluctuations
Authors: Höpken Wolfram , Regitz Dominic , Liedtke Nadine , Fuchs Matthias 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn extraordinary situations, like the Covid-19 pandemic, irregular demand fluctuations can hardly be predicted by traditional forecasting approaches. Even the current extent of decline of demand is typically unknown since tourism statistics are only available with a time delay. This study presents an approach to benefit from user generated content (UGC) in form of online reviews from TripAdvisor as input to estimate current tourism demand in near real-time. The approach builds on an additive time series component model and linear regression to estimate tourist arrivals. Results indicate that the proposed approach outperforms a traditional seasonal naïve forecasting approach when applied to a period of extraordinary demand fluctuations caused by a crisis, like Covid-19. The approach further enables a real-time monitoring of tourism demand and the benchmarking of tourism business in times of extraordinary demand fluctuations.
Comparing Marketing and Computer-Based Methods for Evaluating Online Reviews
Authors: Houssou Noudéhouénou Lionel Jaderne , Lallement Jeanne , Coustaty Mickael , Béal Luc 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis short paper aims to compare humanities and computer-based online review analysis methods. In particular, we evaluate two classical methodologies coming from marketing and natural language processing fields. We assessed them through their ability to translate online reviews into synthetic evaluations reflecting consumers’ overall feelings. Both methods were run in separate ways, then we confronted the results.
Never-Ending Tourism: Tourism Experience Scenarios for 2030
Authors: Prodinger Barbara , Neuhofer Barbara 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe advent of recent technological advancements, and particularly, the metaverse, has brought unprecedented opportunities for tourism. The integration of multiple realities extends tourism beyond the traditional chronological classification of pre-travel, during-travel, and post-travel stages. The novel concept of never-ending tourism captures a holistic multi-dimensional experience in which technological solutions are at the foundation to elevate tourism to an on-going, never-ending activity that permeates every day and travel life. This study adopted a futures methods approach through qualitative in-depth interviews and a scenario development supported by a storytelling technique. The findings present three distinct scenarios of never-ending tourism on a spectrum of digital companion, digital escape and digital connection. The scenarios suggest a growing importance of the pre-travel and post-travel phases, while technologies continue support visitors to enjoy the irreplaceable multisensory experiences on site. Towards 2030, the metaverse will enable visitors to mentally teleport themselves to destinations, regardless of time, financial resources and physical abilities. Individuals will seamlessly move between integrated digital and physical realities, where the engagement with travel becomes a part of daily life. The study is novel and original in that it empirically explores the emerging concept of never-ending tourism and contributes to the wider metaverse discourse in the tourism context. Several practical suggestions and future research directions are given to unlock the potential of never-ending tourism in relation to integrated experience design, new business models and long-term customer engagement.
Marketing Tourism Products in Virtual Reality: Moderating Effect of Product Complexity
Authors: Chan Chung-Hao , Wong King Yin , Lui Tsz-Wai 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs the tourism industry faces growing competition and digital transformation in the post-pandemic era, virtual reality has emerged as a creative marketing strategy. However, investing in virtual reality may be costly. Evaluating what type of products can generate higher returns through virtual reality is critical. Our study explored the moderating effect of product complexity on the relationship between virtual reality characteristics and behavioral intention. Our results indicated that the relationship between telepresence and consumer trust is stronger for a complex tourism product than a simple product. Firms with limited resources should invest in virtual reality to market complex products.
AI-Generated Content, Creative Freelance Work and Hospitality and Tourism Marketing
Authors: Tuomi Aarni 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPowerful new AI models such as OpenAI’s DALL-E 2 or GPT-3 afford creative freelancers as well as hospitality and tourism SMEs new ways of generating and using creative content for marketing purposes. However, given AI’s rapid development, little is known about the current and potential future applications and implications of AI-generated content on the key stakeholders involved in hospitality and tourism marketing management. This conceptual research note presents preliminary ideas from an ongoing research project. Examples of AI models used for marketing content generation are reviewed and potential implications for hospitality and tourism marketing management are discussed from an e-tourism research point of view.
“Domestic or International?” The Impact of Cognitive Absorption of Short-Form Videos on Tourists’ Post-COVID Travel Intention: An Exploratory Study on Douyin
Authors: Zhou Han , Sun Tao , Ong Yi Xuan , Ito Naoya 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe extant studies have attested to the effects of media experiences in shaping destination image and influencing the behavioral intentions of potential tourists. However, limited works have focused on the impact of holistic experiences during the interaction with destination-related short-form videos on potential tourists’ negative emotional responses and post-COVID travel intention. This study aims to elucidate how cognitive absorption affects tourists’ travel anxiety and post-pandemic travel intention in different travel settings (domestic versus international). The comparative results show that users’ cognitive absorption when interacting with destination-related short-form videos can effectively influence the behavioral intentions of potential tourists. The result also identified that travel anxiety significantly contributes to higher post-COVID travel intention. This study expands cognitive absorption research in the contexts of tourism and short-form videos, offers an angle for future studies to positively interpret tourists’ travel anxiety, and provides tourism practitioners with suggestions on the tourism industry's recovery in the post-COVID era.
Agent-Based Modelling for Sustainable Tourism
Authors: Wallinger Stefanie , Grundner Lukas , Majic Ivan , Lampoltshammer Thomas J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAgent-based modelling (ABM) is a computer-based system to simulate the interactions, relationships and behavior of individual agents in a defined spatial context. Due to its stochastic and heterogenic nature, the method has the potential to represent the complexity of the tourism system with a broad range of possible applications. In the context of visitor flow management for instance, ABM can function as a possible decision support tool for policy makers to better understand and evaluate the dynamics of future scenarios and proposed policy changes towards a more economically, socially and environmentally resilient tourism development altogether. The following paper discusses the potential and implications of agent-based models in tourism research with a complex system approach in regard to ABM’s inherent elements of agents, interactions and environment. It introduces the planned application of ABM in an ongoing project dealing with visitor flows in an urban as well as rural destination context and draws up possible implications for sustainable tourism development.
Exploring Customer Experience with Service Robots in Hospitality and Tourism: Activity Theory Perspective
Authors: Ciftci Olena , Berezina Katerina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAddressing a call for theoretical development in human-robot interaction research, this study introduces activity theory to the field of service robots (SRs) in hospitality and tourism. Activity theory was used as the foundation for the conceptual analysis of in-depth interviews with hospitality customers. The results of content analysis of the interviews and future research directions are presented based on each of the service activity system’s components: object (customer experience (CE) with SRs in a hospitality unit), subject (customers), technology (SRs), rules (implementation procedures of SRs), community (customers, other customers, and employees), division of labor (a division of service), outcome (satisfaction, overall experience with hospitality establishments, and behavioral intentions), and context. The study provides future research directions in using activity theory in studies on human-robot interaction and CE with SRs in hospitality and tourism. Robot developers and hospitality professionals can use the data analysis framework proposed in this study to evaluate CE with SRs.
How Do Affect the Infusion of Smart Technology and Mindfulness of Tourism SMEs on Competitiveness?
Authors: Diaz Estrella , Esteban Águeda , Carranza Rocío , Sánchez-Camacho Carlos , Martín-Consuegra David 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this research is to analyse the effect of the infusion of smart technologies and the mindfulness of tourism small and medium-sized organisations (SMEs) in the use of smart technologies on several aspects related to the companies and their employees. Specifically, its effect on service advantage, value co-creation, employee job satisfaction, employees’ perception of service cannibalisation and competitiveness of tourism companies is analyzed. The total sample obtained was 877 employees/managers of tourism SMEs located in Europe and the United States. The model proposed in the study was estimated with PLS-SEM, a variance-based structural equation modeling statistical technique. The results of the study offer important implications and recommendations to researchers in the tourism field, tourism organisations and destinations on the importance of using smart technologies.
User Experience and Spatial Presence in a Walk-In Augmented Reality 3D Model for Tourists
Authors: Partala Timo , Kosonen Mikko , Hellsten Tuomas , Riissanen Henri 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the context of vulnerable tourist attractions, it is often the case that tourists cannot be allowed the enter all the premises of the attraction, which potentially has a negative impact on the visitors’ experience. Virtual reality technologies are available for presenting the attraction for tourists in these cases, but the use of augmented reality (AR) also seems to have a role in certain use cases. The current paper presents our first experiment of using a walk-in augmented reality model to present an attraction to visitors near the original attraction. The tourist attraction visualized using AR was Mannerheim’s Saloon Car dating back to World War II. Nine participants used a tablet-based AR application to examine a realistically sized three-dimensional (3D) model of the saloon car in the close vicinity of the actual tourist attraction and filled in a questionnaire, which probed their user experience, spatial situation model, and spatial presence when using the system. These early results suggested that viewing a 3D model of the attraction using tablet-based AR provided a positive user experience for the participants and that the tablet-based AR implementation was successful in supporting the participants’ formation of a spatial situation model of the saloon car. The participants also gave relatively high ratings for spatial presence while viewing the 3D model using tablet-based AR.
Critical dynamics in holographic first-order phase transition
Authors: Chen Qian , Liu Yuxuan , Tian Yu , Wang Bin , Zhang Cheng-Yong , Zhang Hongbao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We study the critical phenomena of the dynamical transition from a metastable state to a stable state in the model of first-order phase transition via two different triggering mechanisms. Three universal stages during the fully nonlinear evolution are extracted. On the one side, by perturbing the scalar source, an isolated seed nucleus is injected into an initial homogeneous state in the supercooled region. For critical parameters of the seed nucleus, the real-time dynamics reveal that the system will converge to a critically unstable state. For supercritical parameters, the system exhibits a phase separation, while for subcritical parameters falls back to homogeneous. The shape independence of the seed nucleus is also investigated, which implies that the critical phenomena are universal. On the other side, we propose a novel mechanism to render the critical phenomena via a collision of two gravitational shock waves on the dual geometries. Specifying an inhomogeneous momentum density, the initial system can be also attracted to a critically unstable state. Aside from these dynamical constructions, we also quantitatively analyze the critical nucleus preventing the system from reaching the final phase separation. We find the depth of the critical nucleus increases almost linearly with the temperature, which implies that the hotter the supercooled state is, the harder for it to trigger phase separation.
Non-Hermitian Hamiltonian deformations in quantum mechanics
Authors: Matsoukas-Roubeas Apollonas S. , Roccati Federico , Cornelius Julien , Xu Zhenyu , Chenu Aurélia , del Campo Adolfo 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The construction of exactly-solvable models has recently been advanced by considering integrable $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

deformations and related Hamiltonian deformations in quantum mechanics. We introduce a broader class of non-Hermitian Hamiltonian deformations in a nonrelativistic setting, to account for the description of a large class of open quantum systems, which includes, e.g., arbitrary Markovian evolutions conditioned to the absence of quantum jumps. We relate the time evolution operator and the time-evolving density matrix in the undeformed and deformed theories in terms of integral transforms with a specific kernel. Non-Hermitian Hamiltonian deformations naturally arise in the description of energy diffusion that emerges in quantum systems from time-keeping errors in a real clock used to track time evolution. We show that the latter can be related to an inverse $$ T\overline{T} $$
T

T
¯

deformation with a purely imaginary deformation parameter. In this case, the integral transforms take a particularly simple form when the initial state is a coherent Gibbs state or a thermofield double state, as we illustrate by characterizing the purity, Rényi entropies, logarithmic negativity, and the spectral form factor. As the dissipative evolution of a quantum system can be conveniently described in Liouville space, we further study the spectral properties of the Liouvillians, i.e., the dynamical generators associated with the deformed theories. As an application, we discuss the interplay between decoherence and quantum chaos in non-Hermitian deformations of random matrix Hamiltonians and the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model.
Black hole evaporation beyond the Standard Model of particle physics
Authors: Baker Michael J. , Thamm Andrea 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The observation of an evaporating black hole would provide definitive information on the elementary particles present in nature. In particular, it could discover or exclude particles beyond those present in the standard model of particle physics. We consider a wide range of motivated scenarios beyond the standard model and identify those which would be best probed in the event of an observation. For those models we define representative benchmark parameters and characterise the photon spectra as a function of time. For the supersymmetric benchmark model, where most of the new particles produce secondary photons, we provide secondary spectra and discuss the subtle interplay between faster black hole evaporation and an increased flux of secondary photons. Finally, we discuss the impact of these models on future experimental analysis strategies.