bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entanglement Parallelization via Quantum Fourier Transform
Authors: Mastriani Mario 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this study, a technique based on the quantum Fourier transform (QFT) that allows the generation of disjoint sets of entangled particles is presented, in such a way that particles of the same set are entangled with each other, while particles of different sets are completely independent. Several applications of this technique are implemented on three physical platforms, of 5 (Belem), 7 (Oslo), and 14 (Melbourne) qubits, of the international business machine (IBM Q) quantum experience program, where all these applications are specially selected due to their particular commitment to the future Quantum Internet.
An evaluation model of sustainable efficiency for container terminals
Authors: Hsu Wen‐Kai K. , Huang Show‐Hui S. , Huynh Nguyen Tan , Huang Kuan‐Han 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this paper is to evaluate the sustainable efficiency of container terminals (CTs). By the definition of United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), business sustainable development includes three domains: Economics, Environment, and Society. Accordingly, based on the definition and the practical features of CT operations, this paper assesses sustainable efficiency for CTs from three perspectives: container throughput, CO2 emissions, and occupational safety. In this paper, a modality movement and a fuzzy grey relational analysis (GRA) approach are first proposed to estimate CO2 emissions and occupational safety index for CT operators, respectively. A hybrid slacks‐based measure (SBM)‐DEA model is then developed to assess the sustainable efficiency of CT operators. Finally, the CT operators in the Port of Kaohsiung are empirically investigated to validate the research model. Based on the results, theoretical and practical implications for the management of CT operators and port authorities are discussed.
The Roadmap to Fusion: Science and International Cooperation for Sustainable Energy
Authors: Martin Piero 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe transition to non-fossil energy sources is gaining a rapidly increasing attention in the international agenda. The global disruptions caused by the pandemic and more recently by the Ukrainian crisis add to the growing concern about the consequences of climate changes. All situations that have highlighted how crucial energy is for sustainable development and for international relations, and the extreme vulnerability of a world still largely depending on fossil sources. In this framework research on nuclear fusion energy is attracting a growing interest. It is an extremely attractive potential source of electricity for a future CO2-free energy basket. It uses widely available fuel, does not produce high-level radioactive waste and its plants are inherently safe. For its practical applicability, high-level research is still required. As the science progresses and the realization of fusion comes closer, it also necessitates a debate about non-technical issues, including diverse social and ethical implications. This requires a multi-disciplinary approach, which includes conversation outside the traditional technical borders of fusion research. Questions like the following need to be addressed: what are the ethical implications of sourcing electricity from fusion? What kinds of evaluations (financial, environmental, ethical) are at play here? How would the costs and benefits associated with fusion technology be distributed? What factors may affect availability of fusion energy? How to deal with public acceptance of an energy source that, despite being very different from fission, has a nuclear nature? And, ultimately, considered in a broader environmental, social, and geopolitical context—would this form of energy deliver a better energy future for all?
Lessons Learnt from the Fukushima Nuclear Accident
Authors: Suzuki Tatsujiro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEven after 11 years, the Fukushima accident is not completely over yet. Technological challenges for decommissioning of Fukushima are unprecedented. Economic, social, and humanitarian impacts are huge and will remain for a long time. The Fukushima nuclear accident completely changed the energy picture in Japan. Nuclear energy is no longer most reliable, least expensive, “main” power source in Japan. Japan’s long-term energy policy is self-inconsistent, stating “Japan will reduce its dependence on nuclear power as much as possible,” but maintains it as an important option for carbon neutral policy. But mainly due to poor economics, role of nuclear power in carbon neutral policy could be limited. Given the Ukrainian crisis, international community must strengthen international law and norms to protect all nuclear facilities, in particular, sensitive facilities, against military attack. Finally, lessons learned from the Fukushima accidents are: (1) Think unthinkable (2) Engineering risk assessment is not enough (3) Need for independent scientific advice/policy review organization (4) Public trust is essential.
International Cooperation to Tackle Future Pandemics
Authors: Parisini Emilio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs of March 2022, the official figures of the COVID-19 crisis have hit the stunning level of nearly 500 million cases and over 6 million deaths worldwide. However, aside from the death toll that has been directly caused by the SARS-CoV-2 infection, the pandemic has also created huge collateral damage to many essential services in most health systems across the world, thus indirectly causing further casualties. To the credit of the scientific community, extensive international cooperation has allowed to develop effective COVID-19 vaccines in record-breaking times. However, this is not enough and we must now ensure that we will continue to work toward the development of technologies and logistics infrastructures that will allow us to react much more swiftly, effectively and equitably when the next pandemic hits.
The Various of Demographic Transitions
Authors: Doignon Yoann , Blöss-Widmer Isabelle , Ambrosetti Elena , Oliveau Sébastien 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSince the eighteenth century, and at different periods, the world’s populations have been undergoing, or have
undergone, a process of demographic transition. The Mediterranean countries present a great diversity of
demographic transitions in terms of timing, pace, intensity, etc. The aim of this chapter is to take stock of
demographic transitions in the Mediterranean by identifying the different types of demographic transition that have
occurred since 1950. This typology makes it possible to place the national demographic transitions within a general
model, while also highlighting the contrasting situations that exist in the Mediterranean.
Retrocochleäre Diagnostik im Rahmen der Hörsturzuntersuchung und erfolgreiche Therapie
Authors: Hey Matthias , Dambon Jan , Synowitz Michael , Ambrosch Petra 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungEine 41-jährige Patientin stellte sich wegen einer vor drei Monaten akut aufgetretenen und seitdem persistierenden einseitigen Hörminderung vor. Bei dem Verdacht auf einen Hörsturz auf dem rechten Ohr wurde vorab eine systemische Therapie mit oralen Glukokortikoiden in absteigender Dosierung durchgeführt, die zu keiner Verbesserung führte. Im Rahmen der audiologischen Diagnostik wurde der Verdacht einer retrocochleären Hörstörung gestellt. Durch bildgebende Diagnostik wurde ein Meningeom diagnostiziert. Die nachfolgende operative Entfernung erzielte eine deutliche Hörverbesserung.
Wider translations and rotations in posterior‐stabilised mobile‐bearing total knee arthroplasty compared to fixed‐bearing both implanted with mechanical alignment: a dynamic RSA study
Authors: Zinno Raffaele , Alesi Domenico , Di Paolo Stefano , Pizza Nicola , Zaffagnini Stefano , Marcheggiani Muccioli Giulio Maria , Bragonzoni Laura 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to investigate the in vivo kinematics of the same femoral design mechanically aligned posterior‐stabilised (PS) total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with either fixed‐bearing (FB) or mobile‐bearing (MB) inlay, implanted by the same surgeon, using model‐based dynamic radiostereometric analysis (RSA). The hypothesis of the present study was that the MB design would show wider axial rotation than the FB design, without affecting the clinical outcomes.Materials and methodsA cohort of 21 non‐randomised patients (21 DePuy Attune PS‐FB) was evaluated by dynamic RSA analysis at a minimum 9‐month follow‐up, while performing differently demanding daily living activities such as sit to stand (STS) and deep knee lunge (DKL). Kinematic data were compared with those of a cohort of 22 patients implanted with the same prosthetic design but with MB inlay. Anterior–posterior (AP) translations, varus–valgus (VV) and internal–external (IE) rotations of the femoral component with respect to the tibial baseplate were investigated. Translation of medial and lateral compartment was analysed using the low point method according to Freeman et al. Questionnaires to calculate objective and subjective clinical scores were administered preoperatively and during follow‐up visit by the same investigator.ResultsThe FB TKA design showed lower AP translation during STS (6.8 ± 3.3 mm in FB vs 9.9 ± 3.7 mm in MB, p = 0.006*), lower VV rotation (1.9 ± 0.8° in FB vs 5.3 ± 3.3° in MB, p = 0.005) and lower IE rotation (2.8 ± 1.1° in FB vs 9.5 ± 4.3° in MB, p = 0.001) during DKL than the mobile‐bearing TKA design. Posterior‐stabilised FB group showed significant lower translation of the low point of the medial compartment than the MB group (p = 0.008). The percentage of patients performing medial pivot in the FB group was higher compared to MB group in the examined motor tasks. No significant differences in post‐operative range of motion (117° ± 16° for FB group and 124° ± 13° for MB group) and in clinical outcomes emerged between the two cohort.ConclusionsThe FB and MB designs differed in AP translations, VV rotations and IE rotations of the femoral component with respect to the tibial component in STS and DKL. Furthermore, FB cohort reported a significant higher percentage of medial pivot with respect to MB cohort. Despite this, no differences in clinical outcomes were detected between groups. Both designs showed stable kinematics and represent a viable option in primary TKA.Level of evidenceProspective cohort study, II.
Postpartum psychosis: a public involvement perspective across three continents
Authors: Yang Jessica Mei Kay , Vaiphei Kimneihat , Siliya Mercy , Mkandawire Thandiwe , Dolman Clare , Heron Jessica , Wilson Sally , Yaresheemi Shivanand , Kitney Danielle , Bailey Leah , Apsey Chloe , Liwimbi Olive , Stewart Robert , Thippeswamy Harish , Jones Ian , Chorwe-Sungani Genesis , Chandra Prabha , Di Florio Arianna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPostpartum psychosis is a psychiatric emergency that is currently not represented in diagnostic systems, to the detriment of people with lived experience. Engaging with stakeholders offers an important avenue to improve clinical practice and make research more impactful, by providing perspectives based on first-hand, expert experience. There is a paucity of reports on stakeholders’ engagement in psychiatry. Activities have thus far been limited to Western countries and there are few reports on postpartum psychosis. We report the results of public involvement activities (in the form of discussion groups) with key stakeholders in India, Malawi and the UK. These discussions centred around the clinical picture of postpartum psychosis and the terminologies used to describe these episodes. Seven major areas were highlighted: how postpartum psychosis is handled within services, common symptoms and characteristics, impact of episode, barriers to care, non-medical approaches, terminology and research areas of interest. According to the discussions, postpartum psychosis presents similarly across countries, although there are differences in access to services, approaches to mental health and terminologies used within and across countries. With this understanding comes the foundation for cross-cultural assessment, service improvement and a stakeholder-informed research agenda.
Three-dimensional assessment of facial asymmetry in class III subjects, part 2: evaluating asymmetry index and asymmetry scores
Authors: Ajmera Deepal Haresh , Zhang Congyi , Ng Janson Hoi Hei , Hsung Richard Tai‑Chiu , Lam Walter Yu Hang , Wang Wenping , Leung Yiu Yan , Khambay Balvinder S. , Gu Min 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the outcomes of corrective surgical treatment for craniofacial asymmetry using four different methods with the aim of developing the best technique for craniofacial asymmetry assessment.

Materials and methods
CBCT images of twenty-one class III subjects with surgically corrected craniofacial asymmetry and twenty-one matched controls were analyzed. Twenty-seven hard tissue landmarks were used to quantify asymmetry ﻿using the following methodologies: the asymmetry index (AI), asymmetry scores based on the clinically derived midline (CM), Procrustes analysis (PA), and modified Procrustes analysis (MPA).

Results
Modified Procrustes analysis successfully identified pre-operative asymmetry and revealed severe asymmetry at the mandibular regions compared to controls, which was comparable to the asymmetry index and clinically derived midline methods, while Procrustes analysis masked the asymmetric characteristics. Likewise, when comparing the post-surgical outcomes, modified Procrustes analysis not only efficiently determined the changes evidencing decrease in facial asymmetry but also revealed significant residual asymmetry in the mandible, which was congruent with the asymmetry index and clinically derived midline methods but contradictory to the results shown by Procrustes analysis.

Conclusions
In terms of quantifying cranio-facial asymmetry, modified Procrustes analysis has evidenced to produce promising results that were comparable to the asymmetry index and the clinically derived midline, making it a more viable option for craniofacial asymmetry assessment.

Clinical relevance
Modified Procrustes analysis is proficient in evaluating cranio-facial asymmetry with more valid clinical representation and has potential applications in assessing asymmetry in a wide spectrum of patients, including syndromic patients.
“Candidatus Intestinibacterium parameciiphilum”—member of the “Candidatus Paracaedibacteraceae” family (Alphaproteobacteria, Holosporales) inhabiting the ciliated protist Paramecium
Authors: Lanzoni Olivia , Szokoli Franziska , Schrallhammer Martina , Sabaneyeva Elena , Krenek Sascha , Doak Thomas G. , Verni Franco , Berendonk Thomas U. , Castelli Michele , Petroni Giulio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractProtists frequently host diverse bacterial symbionts, in particular those affiliated with the order Holosporales (Alphaproteobacteria). All characterised members of this bacterial lineage have been retrieved in obligate association with a wide range of eukaryotes, especially multiple protist lineages (e.g. amoebozoans, ciliates, cercozoans, euglenids, and nucleariids), as well as some metazoans (especially arthropods and related ecdysozoans). While the genus Paramecium and other ciliates have been deeply investigated for the presence of symbionts, known members of the family “Candidatus Paracaedibacteraceae” (Holosporales) are currently underrepresented in such hosts. Herein, we report the description of “Candidatus Intestinibacterium parameciiphilum” within the family “Candidatus Paracaedibacteraceae”, inhabiting the cytoplasm of Paramecium biaurelia. This novel bacterium is almost twice as big as its relative “Candidatus Intestinibacterium nucleariae” from the opisthokont Nuclearia and does not present a surrounding halo. Based on phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA gene sequences, we identified six further potential species-level lineages within the genus. Based on the provenance of the respective samples, we investigated the environmental distribution of the representatives of “Candidatus Intestinibacterium” species. Obtained results are consistent with an obligate endosymbiotic lifestyle, with protists, in particular freshwater ones, as hosts. Thus, available data suggest that association with freshwater protists could be the ancestral condition for the members of the “Candidatus Intestinibacterium” genus.
A case of intercommunity lethal aggression by chimpanzees in an open and dry landscape, Issa Valley, western Tanzania
Authors: Drummond-Clarke Rhianna C. , Fryns Caroline , Stewart Fiona A. , Piel Alex K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntercommunity (lethal) aggression is a familiar component of the behavioural repertoire of many forest-dwelling chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) communities. However, until now, the absence of intercommunity attacks – including killings – in communities that live in open, mosaic environments has supported hypotheses of reduced resource competition in drier habitats, and informed referential models of early hominin social dynamics in a similar habitat. In June 2020, we observed the first instance of intercommunity lethal aggression, a male-committed infanticide, by the Issa chimpanzee community, which live in a savannah-mosaic habitat in the Issa Valley, western Tanzania. The carcass was recovered by researchers after it was abandoned by the attackers. Here, we give a detailed account of the events leading up to and including the infanticide, and contextualise our observations with what has been described for other chimpanzee communities. Notably, in contrast to the majority of reported intercommunity infanticides, the infant male victim was castrated (and not cannibalised), making this the youngest reported castration. This observation of intercommunity aggression disproves its hypothesised absence in savannah-dwelling chimpanzees, which by extension, has implications for early hominin evolution. We suggest that the near absence of observations of intercommunity aggression in savannah chimpanzee communities is most likely due to the lack of long-term study communities, and in some cases geographic isolation. We hypothesise that food-rich areas within a habitat with otherwise widely distributed food sources may select for intense intercommunity aggression despite the low population density characteristic of savannah communities. Anecdotes such as this add to the comparative database available on intercommunity killings in chimpanzee society, improving our ability to draw inferences about their evolutionary significance.
Die Ursprünge der COVID-19 Pandemie, der internationale Wildtierhandel und die Rolle der Washingtoner Artenschutzkonvention
Authors: Sellheim Nikolas P. 
Published: August 2023

ZusammenfassungSeit dem ersten Auftauchen des neuartigen SARS-CoV-2 Virus im November 2019 haben sich Spekulationen
zu seinem Ursprung und seiner rasanten Verbreitung im internationalen Diskurs verfestigt. Während
die wissenschaftliche Grundlage zum Ursprung des Virus nicht eindeutig ist, ist schnell der internationale
Wildtierhandel in Verruf geraten. In diesem Artikel wird auf eben jene wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen eingegangen,
die unterschiedliche Theorien zum Ursprung des Virus untermauern bzw. widerlegen. Außerdem geht der
Artikel auf die Rolle der Washingtoner Artenschutzkonvention (CITES) in der Eindämmung der Pandemie
und der Verhinderung zukünftiger Pandemien ein.
The value of computed tomography for head trauma in patients presenting with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest before emergency percutaneous coronary intervention
Authors: Bosch Lena , Rittersma Saskia Z. H. , van der Worp Bart H. , Kraaijeveld Adriaan O. , Vlachojannis George , van der Harst Pim , Voskuil Michiel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) caused by an ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is often accompanied by a sudden loss of consciousness that may cause the patient to collapse with resulting head trauma, leading to a suspicion of possible intracranial haemorrhage. To rule out intracranial haemorrhage before emergency percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), emergency computed tomography (CT) of the head might be useful but also causes a delay in percutaneous STEMI treatment.

Methods
The medical records of all adult patients that presented with OHCA to the emergency department (ED) of the University Medical Centre Utrecht (UMCU), the Netherlands between 16 February 2020 and 16 February 2022 were reviewed.

Results
A total of 263 patients presented to the ED with an OHCA; 50 presented with a STEMI requiring emergency PCI. Thirty-nine (78%) patients with a STEMI were immediately referred to the catheterisation laboratory and 11 (22%) STEMI patients underwent a CT scan prior to emergency angiography; in no case was PCI deferred on the basis of the CT findings. The dominant indication for CT of the head was collapse, reported by 10 patients and resulting in a visible traumatic head injury in 7 patients. In none of the patients was intracranial haemorrhage detected. However, there was a delay between presentation to the ED and arrival at the catheterisation laboratory in patients who underwent CT of the head (mean 63 ± 25 min) before emergency PCI compared to patients without a CT scan (mean 37 ± 21 min).

Conclusion
CT of the head did not result in a diagnosis of intracranial haemorrhage or deferral of PCI but did delay PCI treatment for STEMI in patients presenting with OHCA.
Astrometric calibration and source characterisation of the latest generation neuromorphic event-based cameras for space imaging
Authors: Ralph Nicholas Owen , Marcireau Alexandre , Afshar Saeed , Tothill Nicholas , van Schaik André , Cohen Gregory 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAs an emerging approach to space situational awareness and space imaging, the practical use of an event-based camera (EBC) in space imaging for precise source analysis is still in its infancy. The nature of event-based space imaging and data collection needs to be further explored to develop more effective event-based space imaging systems and advance the capabilities of event-based tracking systems with improved target measurement models. Moreover, for event measurements to be meaningful, a framework must be investigated for EBC calibration to project events from pixel array coordinates in the image plane to coordinates in a target resident space object’s reference frame. In this paper, the traditional techniques of conventional astronomy are reconsidered to properly utilise the EBC for space imaging and space situational awareness. This paper presents the techniques and systems used for calibrating an EBC for reliable and accurate measurement acquisition. These techniques are vital in building event-based space imaging systems capable of real-world space situational awareness tasks. By calibrating sources detected using the EBC, the spatiotemporal characteristics of detected sources or “event sources” can be related to the photometric characteristics of the underlying astrophysical objects. Finally, these characteristics are analysed to establish a foundation for principled processing and observing techniques which appropriately exploit the capabilities of the EBC.