bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Static Energy Deserves Greater Emphasis in the Meteorology Community
Authors: Chavas Daniel R. , Peters John 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Potential temperature and static energy are both useful quantities for understanding our atmosphere, yet static energy receives much less attention in weather science relative to climate science. Bridging this conceptual gap is important, as there is a pressing need for our communities to work together to understand and predict changing weather patterns in a warming world. Here we provide evidence for this gap in usage in American Meteorological Society journal publications and in introductory textbooks. We then describe key benefits of static energy for explaining basic concepts in atmospheric science. We encourage scientists and educators unfamiliar with static energy to familiarize themselves with the concept and consider incorporating it into their science and teaching.
Prevalence and correlates of sexual dysfunction among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder on antipsyhotic medications in Maiduguri, Northeastern Nigeria
Authors: Shettima Falmata Baba , Wakil Musa Abba , Sheikh Taiwo Lateef , Abdulaziz Mohammed , Rabbebe Isa Bukar , Wakawa Ibrahim Abdu , Placidus Ogualili 
Published: August 2023

Objectives Despite the importance of a satisfying sexual life, most patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders do not discuss sexual issue with their clinicians. The current study seeks to determine the prevalence and socio-clinical correlates of sexual dysfunction among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders receiving typical and atypical antipsychotic medications. The second objective is to determine the frequency and correlates of specific sexual dysfunction (desire, arousal, erection/lubrication and orgasm) by gender and drug type using the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale. Methodology This cross-sectional study used standardized structured interviewer based survey to assess sexual dysfunction among patients with schizophrenia that are both sexually active and inactive at a tertiary hospital in Maiduguri from December 2020 to April 2021. Participants were also assayed for prolactin using ELISA Kit for a possible association with sexual dysfunction. Results The overall prevalence of sexual dysfunction among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder receiving antipsychotics was 34% with patients on typical and atypical antipsychotics reporting rates of 36.8% and 24.6%, respectively. Among the typical and atypical antipsychotics, patients receiving haloperidol (40.3%) and risperidone (37.5%) reported a relatively higher frequency of sexual dysfunction compared to those receiving clozapine (18.2%). Independent correlates of sexual dysfunction were: female gender (OR = 1.89, 95% CI = 1.17-3.06; P = .010), being unmarried (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.17-1.96; P = .001), pseudoparkinsonism (OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.02-2.69; P = .008), prolactin (OR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.34-3.43; P = .001) and severity of illness (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.03-1.75; P = .030). Conclusion Sexual dysfunction is prevalent among patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder receiving either typical or atypical antipsychotics.
Increased Expression of Adipokines in Patients With Frozen Shoulder
Authors: Qiao Yi , Yao Xiangyun , Zhao Yu , Kang Yuhao , Xu Caiqi , Zhao Jinzhong , Zhao Song 
Published: August 2023

Background: Adipokines represent a spectrum of bioactive molecules that could modulate fibroblastic and inflammatory processes. The role of adipokines in the pathogenesis of frozen shoulder (FS), a common musculoskeletal disorder characterized by chronic inflammation, remains obscure. Purpose: To evaluate whether adipokines contribute to the pathogenic mechanisms of FS and to evaluate any potential correlation of adipokines with patients’ symptoms. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Shoulder capsule specimens were obtained from 10 patients with FS and 10 patients with shoulder instability (control group). The specimens were dyed using hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemically assessed with antibodies targeting adipokines, collagen I, collagen III, and tumor necrosis factor α. Immunoreactivity was graded from “no” to “strong” in a blinded manner. Reverse transcription–quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis was conducted. Before the surgery, patient-reported frequency of pain, severity of pain, stiffness, and shoulder range of motion were documented. Results: In comparison with the control group, patients with FS had significantly greater pain frequency, pain severity, and stiffness and more limited shoulder range of motion ( P < .001). Hematoxylin and eosin- and Masson trichrome–stained samples from the FS group displayed hypercellularity and increased collagen fibers. Immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR analyses indicated that expression of adipokines was significantly increased in FS capsules compared with the control group. The expression of collagen I, collagen III, and tumor necrosis factor α was also increased in FS capsules. No significant correlation was noted between adipokine expression and patient-reported outcomes in the control group, whereas in patients with FS, adiponectin expression was correlated with pain frequency ( r = 0.78; P = .01) and stiffness ( r = 0.73; P = .02). Visfatin was also correlated with pain frequency ( r = 0.70; P = .02). Conclusion/Clinical Relevance: This study indicated a potential role for adipokines in the pathogenesis of FS and demonstrated a correlation between adipokine expression and patients’ pain and stiffness.
Multiple sclerosing hemangiomas mimicking hepatocellular carcinoma: A case report
Authors: Zhan Xinyu , Gao Yiyun , Xu Jian , Wu Dongming , Wang Ping , Zhou Haoming 
Published: August 2023

Hepatocellular carcinoma is a prevalent malignant tumor affecting the liver, and surgical resection and liver transplantation are the primary treatment options for early-stage HCC patients. However, the presence of benign hepatic tumors with similar imaging characteristics to HCC poses challenges in diagnosing and treating the disease, often resulting in misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment. This case report presents a 52-year-old female patient who exhibited space-occupying liver lesions on abdominal CT and MRI scans. Based on pathological sections from other hospitals, liver malignancy was highly suspected, and hepatocellular tumor was diagnosed preoperatively. But the tumor markers of the patient were all within the normal range. After evaluating the overall condition of the patient, we finally chose the diagnosis and treatment of dissection and partial hepatectomy. Surprisingly, the final diagnosis of postoperative pathology was sclerosing hemangioma. The patient recovered well and was discharged 2 weeks later. Hepatic sclerosing hemangioma is an extremely rare disease that can be easily mistaken for malignant liver tumors due to absence of typical imaging presentations. The diagnosis also needs to be differentiated from other benign tumors, such as liver adenoma and liver abscess, according to the medical history, symptoms, and auxiliary examinations. Therefore, special attention should be given to the diagnosis and treatment of sclerosing hemangioma.
Measuring Motivation for COVID-19 Vaccination: An Application of the Transtheoretical Model
Authors: Sacco Allegra , Robbins Mark L. , Paiva Andrea L. , Monahan Kathleen , Lindsey Hayley , Reyes Cheyenne , Rusnock Andrea 
Published: August 2023

Purpose In the United States (US), individuals vary widely in their readiness to get vaccinated for COVID-19. The present study developed measures based on the transtheoretical model (TTM) to better understand readiness, decisional balance (DCBL; pros and cons), self-efficacy (SE), as well as other motivators for change such as myths and barriers for COVID-19 vaccination. Design Cross-sectional measurement development. Setting Online survey. Sample 528 US adults ages 18-75. Measures Demographics, stage of change (SOC), DCBL, SE, myths, and barriers. Analysis The sample was randomly split into halves for exploratory factor analysis using principal components analysis (EFA/PCA), followed by confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) to test measurement models. Correlation matrices were assessed and multivariate analyses examined relationships between constructs and sub-constructs. Results For DCBL, EFA/PCA revealed three correlated factors (one pros, two cons) ( n 1 = 8, α = .97; n 2 = 5, α = .93; n 3 = 4, α = .84). For SE, two correlated factors were revealed ( n 1 = 12, α = .96; n 2 = 3, α = .89). Single-factor solutions for Myths ( n = 13, α = .94) and Barriers ( n = 6, α = .82) were revealed. CFA confirmed models from EFAs/PCAs. Follow-up analyses of variance aligned with past theoretical predictions of the relationships between SOC, pros, cons, and SE, and the predicted relationships with myths and barriers. Conclusion This study produced reliable and valid measures of TTM constructs, myths, and barriers to understand motivation to receive COVID-19 vaccination that can be used in future research.
Self-esteem and Locus of Control as Predictors of Academic Achievement: A Study Among Graduate Students
Authors: Suraj Shaini , Lohi Rucha , Singh Brij , Patil Pradeep 
Published: August 2023

Background Earlier researchers have explored the individual impacts of locus of control and self-esteem on academic as well as nonacademic success. But limited attention was given to their interplay within a university context. By integrating these variables into a unified framework, a more comprehensive understanding of the learning processes of university students can be achieved, which can further help in developing strategies to improve the overall learning outcome and come out as successful individuals. Purpose The aim of this study is to find out the contribution of locus of control and self-esteem toward academic achievement at graduation and across various demographic factors—socioeconomic status, family type, age, and different streams of graduation). Methods The sample consists of MBA students ( n = 200) coming from different graduation streams, both male and female, in the age group of 21–27 years. Data was collected through the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and Rotter’s Locus of control. A descriptive analysis and Chi-square test were used to analyze the data. Results Sixty-two percent had an internal locus of control, and 38% had an external locus of control. Forty-one percent had low self-esteem, and 59% had high self-esteem. There was a significant correlation between self-esteem, locus of control, and academic achievement. Self-esteem and locus of control totally predicted 41% of the variation in academic achievement, with self-esteem and locus of control both being stronger factors to predict academic achievement. Area (rural, urban), family type (nuclear, joint), and academic scores have a strong correlation with locus of control and self-esteem. Conclusion MBA students are the future leaders. For them to be successful leaders, interventions can be designed to increase self-esteem, which would help them have faith in their abilities and achieve their objectives by taking responsibility for the outcome of challenging situations.
Harmony, Mood and Turbulence in Corporate Evolution
Authors: Kay Neil M. 
Published: August 2023

This paper sets out an approach to analysing corporate strategy that treats the firm as a system that develops according to certain design rules or principles. Harmony, or consistency and balance in systems design, is seen as a broad principle underlying corporate development that joins together apparently disparate specialised, related, and conglomerate strategies at a fundamental level. It is argued that the evidence is consistent with the view of the corporation as being governed by harmony seeking objectives. The approach is also applied to the evolution of specific strategy types. It is concluded that the nature and scale of conglomerates may be strongly influenced by the route through which they evolve, and that they may be a more persistent phenomenon than some authorities give credit for. Also, implications of the nature of corporate environments are discussed in terms of their potential influence on patterns of strategy design and development.
The Effectiveness of Interventions on Improving the Mental Health Literacy of Health Care Professionals in General Hospitals: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Cheung Janice , Chan Cheuk Yin , Cheng Ho Yu 
Published: August 2023

Background: Suboptimal mental health literacy levels among general hospital health care professionals negatively impact the care coordination of patients with physical–mental comorbidity. Aims: This review is to examine the evidence on the effectiveness of interventions to improve the mental health literacy of general hospital health care professionals. Methods: A systematic search of literature was conducted in 13 electronic databases with manual searching of reference lists from 1980 to 2021. Studies were screened by pre-set eligibility criteria, that is, participants who were general hospital health care professionals taking care of adult patients, the interventions aimed at improving any components of participants’ mental health literacy, comparisons were alternative active intervention or no intervention, and the primary outcomes were any aspects of mental health literacy. Results: Eight randomized controlled trials ( N = 1,732 participants) were included in this review. Evidence indicated that mental health literacy interventions with educational components can improve components of the health care professionals’ mental health literacy, in terms of mental health knowledge and mental illness–related attitudes/stigma. In addition, few studies evaluated all components of participants’ mental health literacy. Conclusions: Based on the available evidence, educational interventions had a positive effect on components of general hospital health care professionals’ mental health literacy. Health care organizations should provide educational programs to enhance general hospital health care professionals’ mental health literacy. Further studies are needed to explore interventions that target all components of general hospital staff’s mental health literacy and to evaluate its impact on the psychiatric consultation–liaison service utilization in general hospitals, as well as patient outcomes.
Comparison of complications after closure of totally implantable venous access devices with non-absorbable suture and n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) skin adhesive: Propensity score matching analysis
Authors: Lee Su Been , Kwon Lyo Min , Song Kyung Sup , Do Young Soo , Park Jung Ho , Kim Bum Jun 
Published: August 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the complication rates of non-absorbable suture (NAS) and n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) skin adhesive for skin closure during totally implantable venous access devices (TIVADs) implantation. Methods: Between March 2020 and February 2021, 586 consecutive patients who underwent TIVAD implantation were retrospectively analyzed. Two groups of patients suture with NAS ( n = 299) or NBCA ( n = 287) were followed up for 18 months to compare the occurrence of infection, thrombosis, and non-thrombotic malfunction. A total of 364 cases were extracted using propensity score matching in a 1:1 ratio. Mean TIVADs maintenance days were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Results: Nineteen cases of complications occurred (0.294/1000 catheter-days) in the NAS group and 17 cases (0.210/1000 catheter-days) in the NBCA group. The difference in the complication rates between the two groups was not statistically significant ( p = 0.725) after propensity score matching. Mean TIVADs maintenance days were 627.3 days in NAS group and 697.6 days in NBCA group. There was no statistically significant difference in the number of TIVADs maintenance days between the two groups ( p = 0.081). Conclusion: In TIVADs implantation, skin closure using NBCA showed no difference in the occurrence of infectious complications compared with conventional non-absorbable skin suture.
Lessons learned from the COVID-19 pandemic: Using telemedicine for pre-operative surgical evaluation in breast disease
Authors: Stafford Arielle P , Hoskin Tanya L , Hieken Tina J , Sanders Stacy , Pruthi Sandhya , Boughey Judy , Degnim Amy 
Published: August 2023

Background/Objectives The COVID-19 pandemic motivated telemedicine care to decrease potential exposures for both patients and staff. We hypothesized that select breast surgical patients can be successfully evaluated pre-operatively with telemedicine. Methods With institutional review board approval, patients with telemedicine surgical consults between 1 March 2020 and 31 August 2020 were identified retrospectively from our prospective breast surgical registry. The frequency of successful pre-operative evaluation using telemedicine alone was assessed, defined as cases in which surgery was completed on the planned day without changes to the surgical plan after physical examination in the pre-operative area. Differences in disease presentation, patient characteristics, and complications were evaluated by whether the first in-person visit occurred on the day of surgery versus the prior. Results A total of 374 patients underwent breast surgery between 1 March 2020 and 31 August 2020, of which 96 (25.7%) had a telemedicine consultation. After the telemedicine visit, 38 patients (39.6%) had additional in-person visits with the breast surgeon prior to their operative date, and 58 patients (60.4%) did not. Forty-five patients underwent breast-conserving therapies, 41 mastectomies (25 with reconstruction), two axillary dissections, and eight excisional biopsies. All surgeries were completed on the planned operative day, with no changes in surgical plans. Patients with telemedicine only prior to surgery were more likely to speak English (100% vs. 92.1%, p = 0.02) and have lower body mass index (median 24.9 vs. 29.2, p = 0.01). The frequency of in-person pre-operative visits varied significantly by surgeon ( p < 0.001). Age, American Society of Anaesthesiologists score, distance from facility, clinical T/N category, surgery type, and complications did not differ between groups. Conclusions Telemedicine can be utilized successfully for select breast surgical patients, with the ability to proceed to surgery in the majority of patients without additional in-person visits.
Controls, comparator arms, and designs for critical care comparative effectiveness research: It’s complicated
Authors: Ford Verity J , Klein Harvey G , Danner Robert L , Applefeld Willard N , Wang Jeffrey , Cortes-Puch Irene , Eichacker Peter Q , Natanson Charles 
Published: August 2023

Background Comparative effectiveness research is meant to determine which commonly employed medical interventions are most beneficial, least harmful, and/or most costly in a real-world setting. While the objectives for comparative effectiveness research are clear, the field has failed to develop either a uniform definition of comparative effectiveness research or an appropriate set of recommendations to provide standards for the design of critical care comparative effectiveness research trials, spurring controversy in recent years. The insertion of non-representative control and/or comparator arm subjects into critical care comparative effectiveness research trials can threaten trial subjects’ safety. Nonetheless, the broader scientific community does not always appreciate the importance of defining and maintaining critical care practices during a trial, especially when vulnerable, critically ill populations are studied. Consequently, critical care comparative effectiveness research trials sometimes lack properly constructed control or active comparator arms altogether and/or suffer from the inclusion of “unusual critical care” that may adversely affect groups enrolled in one or more arms. This oversight has led to critical care comparative effectiveness research trial designs that impair informed consent, confound interpretation of trial results, and increase the risk of harm for trial participants. Methods/Examples We propose a novel approach to performing critical care comparative effectiveness research trials that mandates the documentation of critical care practices prior to trial initiation. We also classify the most common types of critical care comparative effectiveness research trials, as well as the most frequent errors in trial design. We present examples of these design flaws drawn from past and recently published trials as well as examples of trials that avoided those errors. Finally, we summarize strategies employed successfully in well-designed trials, in hopes of suggesting a comprehensive standard for the field. Conclusion Flawed critical care comparative effectiveness research trial designs can lead to unsound trial conclusions, compromise informed consent, and increase risks to research subjects, undermining the major goal of comparative effectiveness research: to inform current practice. Well-constructed control and comparator arms comprise indispensable elements of critical care comparative effectiveness research trials, key to improving the trials’ safety and to generating trial results likely to improve patient outcomes in clinical practice.
Influence of Proximal Humeral Cortical Bone Thickness on the Radiographic Outcome After Osteosynthesis of Proximal Humeral Fractures: Propensity Matching Score Analysis
Authors: Furuhata Ryogo , Tanji Atsushi , Oki Satoshi , Kamata Yusaku 
Published: August 2023

Introduction Osteoporosis can affect the surgical outcomes of proximal humeral fractures in older people. Recently, the cortical bone thickness of the proximal humerus on plain radiograph has been proposed to reflect local osteoporosis of the proximal humerus; however, its effect on the surgical outcome of proximal humeral fractures remains unclear. The purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of cortical bone thickness on postoperative radiographic outcomes after osteosynthesis for proximal humeral fractures. Materials and Methods We retrospectively identified 190 patients (≥50 years) who underwent osteosynthesis with an intramedullary nail or plate for proximal humeral fractures. The patients were categorized into 2 groups according to the cut-off value of an average proximal humerus cortical bone thickness of 6 mm on plain radiographs: patients with and without local osteoporosis. After propensity score matching, we compared the incidence of postoperative radiographic complications between the 2 groups. We also performed subgroup analyses of outcomes in a subgroup of patients who underwent intramedullary nailing and those who underwent plate fixation. Results Propensity score matching yielded 60 patients in each group. No significant difference in complication rates was observed between the 2 groups. However, in the intramedullary nailing subgroup, the incidence of reduction loss was significantly higher in patients with local osteoporosis than in those without local osteoporosis (51.7% vs 14.3%, P = .002). Discussion The proximal humeral cortical bone thickness had no significant effect on the overall radiographic outcome; however, reduction loss after intramedullary nailing was susceptible to local osteoporosis of the proximal humerus. Conclusion Our study suggests that plate fixation is advantageous in preventing postoperative reduction loss in patients with lower cortical bone thickness.