bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Komite Audit, Komisaris Independen, Kepemilikan Institusional, Free Cash Flow, Dan Leverage
Authors: Isynuwardhana Deannes , Rahmawati Magdalena Gina 
Published: July 2023

Earnings quality reflects the actual performance of the company in generating operating income. Earnings quality can be an indication of the ability of earnings information to respond to the market. In addition, the quality of earnings gets attention and plays an important role in making investment decisions for investors and various parties.
This study aims to determine the effect of audit committee, independent commissioners, institutional ownership, free cash flow, and leverage on earnings quality in food and beverage companies. The population in this study were all companies. There are 28 food and beverage companies. While the sample used as many as 20 samples with a total data in this study of 80 data. Then the data in this study were analyzed using descriptive statistics and panel data regression.
The results showed that the audit committee, independent commissioners and institutional ownership, free cash flow, and leverage had a significant effect on earnings quality. Partially, audit committee has a significant positive effect, independent commissioners, institutional ownership, and free cash flow has no significant effect, and leverage has a negative significant effect on earnings quality.
Pengaruh Relationship Marketing Terhadap Loyalitas Debitur Di Mediasi oleh Kualitas Hubungan, Studi Empiris Di Bank Sumatera Bagian Selatan
Authors: Sachanovrissa Silke 
Published: July 2023

One of the strategies implemented by the banking sector is to apply the concept of relationship marketing (RM). Relationship marketing (RM) is very helpful for companies in fostering good relationships with customers, debtors, and shareholders.
In this study, the direction of the research was to examine how important the quality of the relationship between regional bank customers (Bengkulu Bank, Jambi Bank and Bank Lampung) had a positive impact in increasing the relationship marketing / RM dimensions (customer trust, customer commitment, and communication) to loyalty.
This study uses an explanatory survey approach with a quantitative analysis approach. The population in this study were debtor customers at three regional-owned banks, namely Bengkulu Bank, Jambi Bank and Lampung Bank. The number of research samples were 520 respondents. The sampling method used a purposive sampling approach. The analytical tool used is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) using the LISREL 8.7 program.
In this study, the researcher found novelty, namely with regard to the dimensions in the relationship quality variable. Where in previous research in marketing there were 2 dimensions, namely respect and rapport. Meanwhile, this study adds a personality trait dimension.
Pengaruh Biaya Lingkungan Terhadap Kinerja KeuanganPerusahaan (Studi Kasus Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur yang Terdaftar di BEI Periode Tahun 2017-2021)
Authors: Putri Lydia Gustina 
Published: July 2023

This study aims to examine the effect of applying environtment cost to the company's financial performance. The research sample is manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2014-2018 period. The number of research samples is 40 manufacturing companies. Data analysis uses linear regression analysis.
The results showed that the application of environtment cost in the form of environmental costs which were proxied by ROA and ROE variables had a positive effect on financial performance. This means that environmental cost variables are in line with stakeholder theory, that is, stakeholders will get broader and more complete information about the company's activities so that the information presented is free from information asymmetry
Analisis Pusat Pertumbuhan Tingkat Kecamatan Di Kabupaten Gorontalo
Authors: Marhamah Siti , Canon Syarwani , S. Dai Sri Indriyani 
Published: July 2023

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kecamatan yang berperan sebagai pusat pertumbuhan dan wilayah hinterland. Metode pendekatan penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif deskriptif. Lokasi di kabupeten Gorontalo dengan 19 wilayah administratif. Variabel meliputi data fasilitas ekonomi, pendidikan dan kesehatan. Metode analisis data yang digunakan adalah skalogram dan indeks sentralitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukan dari 19 kecamatan hanya terdapat satu kecamatan yang merupakan pusat pertumbuhan yaitu kecamatan limboto kecamatan lainnya merupakan daerah hinterland. Simpulan terdapat satu kecamatan yang berada di hierarki I yaitu kecamatan Limboto. Pada hierarki II terdapar kecamatan Tibawa, Telaga Biru, Limboto Barat, Boliyohuto, dan Telaga. III terdapat Kecamatan Tolongohula, Batudaa, Pulubala, Bongomeme, Batudaa Pantai, Dungaliyo, Tabongo, Asparaga, Telaga Jaya, Bilato, Tilango, Biluhu dan Mootilango. Hasil nilai interaksi Kecamatan Limboto sebagai pusat pertumbuhan memiliki interaksi tertinggi dengan kecamatan Limboto Barat, Kecamatan Telaga Biru, Kecamatan Tibawa dan Kecamatan Telaga.
Preceptor Education on the Use of Clinical Teaching Models in Clinical Education
Authors: Graham Jason , Heinerichs Scott , Barnum Mary , Monaco Michele , Martin Malissa , Singe Stephanie M. 
Published: July 2023

Context
Preceptor training is designed to provide instruction on preceptorship, an overview of athletic training program processes, and preceptor professional development. Preceptors generally do not have formal training on how to be educators. Most preceptor training occurs at the institutional level, with content, frequency, and delivery at the discretion of the institution.

Objective
Investigate preceptors' perceptions of how preceptor training prepares them for using clinical teaching models and how preceptor training can be improved.

Design
Concurrent mixed methods.

Setting
Web-based survey and virtual semistructured interviews.

Patients or Other Participants
One hundred sixty-five preceptors (average of 10 ± 9 years of preceptorship experience) completed the survey. Ten participants (4 male, 6 female) participated in interviews (average of 12 ± 10 years of preceptor experience).

Data Collection and Analysis
Surveys were dispersed via Qualtrics, and virtual interviews were recorded using Zoom. The χ2 test for independence determined if any relationships existed between years of experience, type of preceptor training, and clinical teaching models used. A phenomenological approach of inquiry was used to analyze the interview data. Trustworthiness was established with member checking, triangulation using 2 data collection methods and independent data analysts, and external peer review.

Results
Participants reported preceptor training focuses on programmatic administration rather than clinical teaching. In our study, 68% of preceptors had completed institutional preceptor training related to clinical teaching, and 24% had completed the Master Preceptor level 1 training program. Preceptors desire training that incorporates active engagement regularly to educate them on clinical teaching models.

Conclusions
The content and frequency of institutional preceptor training should be reassessed, as it provides foundational knowledge to preceptors on clinical teaching. Most preceptors have little formal preparation in clinical teaching and believe preceptor training does not adequately prepare them to educate students using the best clinical teaching practices for the profession.
Echocardiographic findings in infants of diabetic mothers and their relation to maternal glycemic control
Authors: Farag Marwa Mohamed , Marzouk Iman Mohamed , Mohsen Aly Mohamed Abdel , Emara Asmaa Mohamed Ramadan 
Published: July 2023

Background
Diabetes mellitus during pregnancy is a common risk factor for both mothers and infants. Prediction of cardiac problems in infants of diabetic mothers is challenging.

Aim
The purpose of the study is to determine the type and incidence of congenital heart diseases in infants whose mothers are diabetic in the NICU of Alexandria university maternity hospital, as well as to evaluate functional and morphological changes in the myocardium and its relationship to maternal glycemic control.

Patients and methods
A case-control study was conducted in the NICU of Alexandria University Hospital. Thirty-five infants of diabetic mothers (IDM) were compared to 37 healthy control infants. All diabetic mothers had their HBA1C levels measured before delivery. Therefore, the infants of diabetic mothers were further divided into 22 infants whose mothers had controlled diabetes (controlled DMM group; controlled diabetes mellitus mothers group) during pregnancy (predelivery HBA1C≤6.5) and 13 infants whose mothers had uncontrolled diabetes during pregnancy (uncontrolled DMM group). All studied infants were scanned for the presence of congenital heart diseases. Right and left ventricular systolic functions were assessed, and septal and left ventricular dimensions were measured using functional echocardiography (FE). Followup scans were done 1–2 months later.

This work was registered on clinical trial.gov NCT05050058

Results
Incidence of congenital heart diseases is significantly increased in infants of diabetic mothers compared to healthy control group with P value =0.008. Intraventricular septal thickness and left ventricular posterior wall during systole and diastole (IVSs, IVSd, LVPWs, LVPWd and IVSd/ LVPWd ratio) significantly increased in IDM group. Patients whose mothers had uncontrolled diabetes had their IVSd and IVSd/ LVPWd ratio markedly increased over the uncontrolled group. After 45–60 days the septal and posterior wall measures during systole and diastole decreased significantly. Tricuspid regurge (TR) gradient is markedly increased in IDM in the first 24 h after birth, specifically in infants with mothers with poor glycemic control during pregnancy.

Conclusion
Infants of diabetic mothers were significantly more likely to suffer from ASD, VSD, and complex heart disease. Complex heart diseases were significantly associated with pregestational maternal diabetes. Infants of diabetic mothers with poor glycemic control have affected IVSd and IVSd/LVPWd ratios. Ventricular septal and LVPW measures were markedly improved after 45–60 days of age .Neither the presence of maternal diabetes nor the diabetic control of mothers affected the right and left ventricular functions of their infants.
Evaluation of Total Serum Immunoglobulin E level in Asthmatic Children and its Relation to Disease Severity
Authors: Elmeazawy Rehab , Shoeib Sara 
Published: July 2023

Background
Asthma is a multifaceted disease marked by recurrent airway inflammation. The aim of the study is to evaluate the significance of total immunoglobulin E (IgE) in asthmatic children and find the relation of its level to the disease severity

Patients and methods
Forty-five children with acute bronchial asthma aged between 5 and 16 years, and 15 control children with comparable age and sex distribution were included in the study. All children will be subjected to complete blood picture, Total IgE, and spirometry test Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1), Forced Vital Capacity (FVC), FEV1/FVC.

Results
Among the 45 patients, 57.8% were male, with a median age of 10 years. There were statistically significant differences between the asthmatic groups and the control group as regards sex, weight, total IgE level, FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC ratio. There was a significant positive correlation between IgE level and age, weight and height (r=0.465, P< 0.001, r=0.349, P=0.019, r=0.314, P=0.036, respectively)

Conclusion
Total IgE level was shown to have a role in the diagnosis of asthma and can be used as a predictor of asthma severity in children
A Study to Compare the Mental Health Status and Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Male and Female Undergraduate Medical Students
Authors: Das Shouvik , Chaudhuri Arunima 
Published: July 2023

Background:
During the COVID-19 pandemic, medical students and health-care professionals faced significant challenges, which had a negative impact on their mental health.

Aims:
This study aimed to assess the mental health of male and female undergraduate medical students and the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Participants and the Methodologies:
After receiving institutional ethical clearance and the informed consent of the participants, this study was carried out on 591 medical students from a peripheral medical college in West Bengal during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. At intervals of 6 months, two surveys were conducted. The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 and Impact of Event Scale–Revised scale scores were evaluated in the Google Forms surveys. Using the t-test and the Chi-square test, the parameters of the two groups of students were compared.

Results:
On the initial assessment, neither group received a score that was significantly different from the other. Female students had significantly higher anxiety scores than male students on the second assessment. During the second pandemic wave, there was a significant gender difference in anxiety and stress levels (P = 0.001), with females experiencing higher levels of anxiety and stress.

Conclusions:
During the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, female undergraduate medical students had higher stress and anxiety levels than their male counterparts, according to the current study. Therefore, it is possible to draw the conclusion that the spread of the pandemic had a greater negative impact on the mental health of female undergraduate students.
Drawing Parallels between SARS, MERS, and COVID-19: A Comparative Overview of Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, and Pathological Features
Authors: Pustake Manas , Giri Purushottam , Ganiyani Mohammad Arfat , Mumtaz Kahkashan , Deshmukh Krishna , Saju Michael , Nunez Judith Vasquez , Orlova Natalia , Das Arghadip 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Since November 2019, when the novel coronavirus arose in Wuhan City, over 188 million people worldwide have been infected with COVID-19. It is the third coronavirus outbreak in the twenty-first century. Until now, practically all coronavirus epidemics have occurred due to zoonotic spread from an animal or transitional host or through the consumption of their products. Coronaviruses can infect humans and cause severe illness and even death.

Material and Methods:
This review was designed to help us recognize and harmonize the similarities and differences between these three coronaviridae family members.

Result:
Measures aimed at containing the epidemic should be emphasized in this circumstance. Prioritizing and planning these activities require an understanding of the particulars of these three viruses. Given the pandemic’s enormous death toll and rapid spread, we should be cognizant of the parallels and differences between these three viruses. Additionally, this pandemic warns us to be cautious against the possibility of a future pandemic.

Conclusion:
We highlight the fundamental characteristics of coronaviruses that are critical for recognizing coronavirus epidemiology, pathogenesis, and pathological features that reveal numerous significant pathological attributes and evolutionary patterns in the viral genome that aid in better understanding and anticipating future epidemics.
Why do Mothers from Remote Rural Areas opt for Cesarean Delivery: An Observational Analytical Study from West Bengal, India
Authors: Ahamed Farhad , Rehman Tanveer , Kaur Amandeep 
Published: July 2023

Background:
The percentage of cesarean section (C-section) deliveries has doubled in the last two decades in India. Although C-section delivery is a life-saving intervention, multiple maternal and neonatal morbidities are often associated with this procedure, adversely affecting the quality of life of both the mother and child.

Material and Methods:
This community-based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the point of view of mothers who delivered from January 2020 to June 2021.

Results:
The mean (standard deviation (SD)) age of the 866 study participants at delivery was 24.5 (4.8) years, and 60.2% were primigravidas. A total of 613 (70.8%; 95% CI: 67.8–73.8) C-sections were conducted, of which 65.9% (n = 404) were planned and 21.9% were done on maternal request. C-sections were significantly associated with private institutes (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) 1.90; 95% CI: 1.70–2.11), at-risk pregnancy (aPR 1.37; 95% CI: 1.26–1.49), and primigravida (aPR 1.16; 95% CI: 1.05–1.29). About 55.3%, 29.8%, and 14.9% of women considered vaginal delivery to be risky, painful, and inconvenient, respectively.

Conclusion:
It is imperative to generate awareness regarding modes of delivery during antenatal care (ANC) so that mothers can make better-informed choices.
Service users’ perception and attitude toward telemedicine-based treatment for substance use disorders: A qualitative study from India
Authors: Ghosh Abhishek , Mahintamani Tathagata , Aswathy P. V. , Basu Debasish , Mattoo Surendra K. , Subodh B. N. , Pillai Renjith R. , Kaur Manpreet 
Published: July 2023

Aim:
We aimed to assess the service user’s acceptability, feasibility, and attitude toward telemedicine practice and compare it with in-person consultation in substance use disorder (SUD).

Materials and Methods:
We recruited 15 adult patients with SUD who accessed both telemedicine and in-person care. We conducted in-depth interviews on awareness and access, facilitators and barriers, treatment satisfaction, and therapeutic relationship in the telemedicine context. We performed a conventional content analysis of the interview excerpts and used inductive and deductive coding. We assumed that social, personal, and logistic contexts influence patients’ perceptions and experiences with telemedicine-based addiction care (TAC).

Results:
Most participants were middle-aged men (40.5 years, 86.7%), dependent on two or more substances (86.7%), and had a history of chronic, heavy substance use (use ~16 years, dependence ~11.5 years). Patients’ perspectives on TAC could broadly be divided into three phases: pre-consultation, consultation, and post-consultation. Patients felt that TAC improved treatment access with adequate autonomy and control; however, there were technical challenges. Patients expressed privacy concerns and feared experiencing stigma during teleconsultation. They reported missing the elaborate inquiry, physical examination, and ritual of visiting their doctors in person. Additionally, personal comfort and technical difficulties determine the satisfaction level with TAC. Overall perception and suitability of TAC and the decision to continue it developed in the post-consultation phase.

Conclusion:
Our study provides an in-depth insight into the barriers and facilitators of telemedicine-based SUD treatment access, use, and retention; it also helps to understand better the choices and preferences for telehealth care vis-à-vis standard in-person care for SUDs.
Factor structure of the Jefferson Scale for Empathy among medical undergraduates from South India
Authors: Praharaj Samir Kumar , Salagre Santosh , Venkata Narasimha Sharma Podila Sathya 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Empathy is a multidimensional construct and is considered an essential attribute among healthcare professionals. The Jefferson Scale for Empathy (JSE) is a commonly used tool to measure physician empathy and has been used in medical students as well; however, the psychometric properties have not been well studied in India. We aimed to study the factor structure of JSE among medical undergraduates.

Methods:
This was a secondary analysis of baseline data obtained from the Stigma, Empathy and Attitude module study among medical undergraduates (N = 157). The scores obtained on the 20-item JSE Medical Student Version were subjected to principal component analysis with varimax rotation. Eigenvalues greater than unity, scree plot, and Horn’s parallel analysis were used for identifying the factors. Items with loading more than 0.4 were included based on Steven’s recommendation.

Results:
The sample was adequate for factor analysis (Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) measure 0.832). Five factors were extracted using principal component analysis, which explained 60% of the variance. The first three appeared as stable factors, and the last two factors had two items each. The first factor was the strongest (explained 18.8% of variance) with loadings from nine items. The second factor (explained 15.6% of variance) had loadings from six items, and two of the items showed correlation with the first factor.

Conclusions:
JSE has a multidimensional structure with five factors in our sample of medical undergraduates.
Multimorbidity clusters and associated health care cost among patients attending psychiatric clinics in Odisha, India
Authors: Gupta Priti , Cunningham Solveig A. , Ali Mohammed K. , Mohan Sailesh , Mahapatra Pranab , Pati Sanghamitra C. 
Published: July 2023

Introduction:
There is a dearth of data on common multimorbidity clusters and the healthcare costs for individuals with mental health disorders. This study aimed to identify clinically meaningful physical-mental multimorbidity clusters, frequently occurring clusters of conditions, and healthcare utilization patterns and expenditure among patients attending a psychiatric outpatient clinic.

Materials and Methods:
Data were collected in the psychiatric outpatient department among patients aged 18 years and above in February-July 2019 (n = 500); follow-up data on non-communicable disease incidence were collected after 18 months. For analysis, morbidity clusters were defined using two approaches: 1) agglomerative hierarchical clustering method to identify clusters of diseases; and 2) non-hierarchical cluster k mean analysis to identify clusters of patients. Self-reported healthcare costs in these clusters were also calculated.

Result:
Two disease clusters were identified: using the 1st approach were; 1) hypertension, diabetes, and mood disorder; 2) Neurotic, stress-related, and somatoform disorders, and acid peptic disease. Three clusters of patients identified using the 2nd approach were identified: 1) those with mood disorders and cardiometabolic, musculoskeletal, and thyroid diseases; 2) those with neurotic, substance use, and organic mental disorders, cancer, and epilepsy; and 3) those with Schizophrenia. Patients in Cluster 1 were taking more than six medicines and had more hospital visits. Within 18 months, 41 participants developed either one or two chronic conditions, most commonly diabetes, hypertension, or thyroid disease.

Conclusion:
Cardiometabolic diseases are most commonly clustered with mood disorders. There is a need for blood pressure and sugar measurement in psychiatric clinics and mood disorder screening in cardiac, endocrinology, and primary care clinics.
Management of lateral rectus muscle palsy following bathing soap injury: An experience
Authors: Dhiman Kartar Singh , Kumar Manoj , Mukhopadhyay B. , Gupta Kiran 
Published: July 2023

Abstract:
This report presents a challenging case of a young adult, who was preparing to join Indian forces. The management strategy involved the use of anti-inflammatory drugs with formulations having properties of Vata (~Dosha responsible for movement and cognition) regulation. The results were recorded in the changes in the Lateral Rectus (LR) muscle functioning and also in visual symptoms, i.e., diplopia after the treatment. The outcomes establish the importance of Vata in controlling movements and its regulation in the treatment of disorders related to imbalance or aggravation of Vata. The LR muscle palsy although not rare, its cause, in this case, happens to be uncommon and difficult to attribute. This case gives a better understanding of the management of eye manifestations through Ayurveda.