bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Five shades of green: Heterogeneous environmental attitudes in an evolutionary game model
Authors: Antoci Angelo , Borghesi Simone , Galdi Giulio 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn environmental policy to foster virtuous behaviour does not automatically establish a social norm in a population; that is, the policy might not be socially acceptable or enforceable. Some agents feel compelled to abide by environmental social norms and embrace them, but others do not. Some might want to imitate their peers, while others might prefer not to conform and play the role of a maverick. In this model, we describe the heterogeneity of preferences by proposing a taxonomy of five possible agent types that enrich the traditional triplet presented in the literature. We then employ a random matching model to study how a social norm spreads within a population when its composition changes. Considering three relevant population compositions (scenarios), we show that what is most important for the successful diffusion of social norms is not whether, but why agents abide by it.
Adherence to support pessary in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapse: a retrospective study conducted among 1,371 women
Authors: Brandt Cecilie Helstrup , Yamolaei Mahsa , Wu Chunsen , Hansen Ulla D. , Rasch Vibeke 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Introduction and hypothesis
The objective was to investigate the adherence to pessary treatment in women with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) who were found eligible for this treatment by the urogynecologist, at the first visit at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Odense University Hospital.

Methods
Data were extracted from the women’s medical records. Frequency tabulations were performed to describe the women’s reasons for pessary discontinuation by age group. Binominal logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate how women’s age, POP characteristics, urogynecological history, and their pessary experience and management were associated with continued pessary use.

Results
This study included 1,371 women treated with support pessary. Of these, 850 women continued pessary treatment and 521 women underwent surgical treatment. A history of hysterectomy (OR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.51–0.90, p = 0.008), urinary incontinence (OR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.56–0.89, p = 0.003), and previous pessary use (OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.56–0.99, p = 0.047) were significant factors associated with discontinuation. Further, women aged 81–99 years were significantly more likely to continue pessary treatment (OR: 1.77, 95% CI: 1.15–2.74, p = 0.009). “POP surgery,” “prolapse stage,” and “prolapse predominant compartment” were not associated with discontinuation. Approximately 38% of women aged 26–54 years discontinued owing to personal preference.

Conclusions
Hysterectomy, incontinence, and previous pessary use are significant predictors of pessary discontinuation. Increasing age is significantly associated with pessary continuation.
Error mitigation enables PET radiomic cancer characterization on quantum computers
Authors: Moradi S. , Spielvogel Clemens , Krajnc Denis , Brandner C. , Hillmich S. , Wille R. , Traub-Weidinger T. , Li X. , Hacker M. , Drexler W. , Papp L. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. While routine diagnosis of cancer is performed mainly with biopsy sampling, it is suboptimal to accurately characterize tumor heterogeneity. Positron emission tomography (PET)-driven radiomic research has demonstrated promising results when predicting clinical endpoints. This study aimed to investigate the added value of quantum machine learning both in simulator and in real quantum computers utilizing error mitigation techniques to predict clinical endpoints in various PET cancer patients.

Methods
Previously published PET radiomics datasets including 11C-MET PET glioma, 68GA-PSMA-11 PET prostate and lung 18F-FDG PET with 3-year survival, low-vs-high Gleason risk and 2-year survival as clinical endpoints respectively were utilized in this study. Redundancy reduction with 0.7, 0.8, and 0.9 Spearman rank thresholds (SRT), followed by selecting 8 and 16 features from all cohorts, was performed, resulting in 18 dataset variants. Quantum advantage was estimated by Geometric Difference (GDQ) score in each dataset variant. Five classic machine learning (CML) and their quantum versions (QML) were trained and tested in simulator environments across the dataset variants. Quantum circuit optimization and error mitigation were performed, followed by training and testing selected QML methods on the 21-qubit IonQ Aria quantum computer. Predictive performances were estimated by test balanced accuracy (BACC) values.

Results
On average, QML outperformed CML in simulator environments with 16-features (BACC 70% and 69%, respectively), while with 8-features, CML outperformed QML with + 1%. The highest average QML advantage was + 4%. The GDQ scores were ≤ 1.0 in all the 8-feature cases, while they were > 1.0 when QML outperformed CML in 9 out of 11 cases. The test BACC of selected QML methods and datasets in the IonQ device without error mitigation (EM) were 69.94% BACC, while EM increased test BACC to 75.66% (76.77% in noiseless simulators).

Conclusions
We demonstrated that with error mitigation, quantum advantage can be achieved in real existing quantum computers when predicting clinical endpoints in clinically relevant PET cancer cohorts. Quantum advantage can already be achieved in simulator environments in these cohorts when relying on QML.
Perioperative Morbidity and Mortality of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy (LSG) in a Single‐Surgeon Experience on 892 Patients Over 11 Years
Authors: El Masry Mohamed Abdul Moneim Amin , Rahman Islam Abdul 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundLaparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) has been the most frequently performed bariatric procedure since 2014, with continually growing popularity. This study aimed to present our 30‐day morbidity and mortality following LSG over a period of 11 years.Patients and methodsThis is a retrospective study that was based on prospectively collected data from patients undergoing LSG by the same surgeon from July 2011 to the end of August 2022. The LSG‐associated 30‐day morbidity and mortality and the risk factors for 30‐day morbidity were assessed.ResultsThis study included 892 patients who underwent LSG over the course of 11 years. Early postoperative adverse events were encountered in 16 patients (1.79%). Overall, twelve patients (1.35%) required blood transfusions, and two patients (0.22%) required ICU admission. The re‐operation rate was 0.9% (n = 8) and the mortality rate was 0.22% (n = 2). The patient’s BMI, hypertension, and revisional surgery were marginally significant/significant predictors of early postoperative morbidity. The mean EBWL% was 63.8 ± 15.55 at the 6‐month follow‐up.ConclusionThis study confirms the previously reported LSG's short‐term safety in terms of a low rate of 30‐day postoperative morbidity and mortality. Preoperative BMI, hypertension, and revisional surgery are risk factors for 30‐day morbidity and mortality.
Psychosoziale Versorgung von Menschen mit DDR-Heimerfahrung
Authors: Hoffmann Doreen , Compera Emelie , Böhm Maya , Glaesmer Heide 
Published: August 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Menschen, die in Kinderheimen und Jugendwerkhöfen der DDR Vernachlässigung, Missbrauch und Misshandlung erlebt haben, leiden oft Jahre und Jahrzehnte später noch unter den psychosozialen Folgen dieser Erfahrungen. Sie haben deshalb häufig Bedarf an psychosozialer Unterstützung, berichten aber auch über Zugangsschwierigkeiten zum Hilfesystem und Verständigungsprobleme mit den behandelnden Fachkräften.

Fragestellung
Es wurde untersucht, ob psychosoziale Fachkräfte ihrerseits Herausforderungen in der Behandlung/Beratung von Menschen mit DDR-Heimerfahrungen beschreiben und ob sie Zugangshürden zum Hilfesystem für die Betroffenen wahrnehmen. Weiterhin wurde erfragt, welche psychosozialen Unterstützungsangebote es für Betroffene ihrer Meinung nach geben sollte, und ob es ihrerseits Weiterbildungsbedarf zum Thema gibt.

Methoden
In einer Online-Studie wurden mithilfe des Mixed-Methods-Ansatz 441 Fachkräfte der psychosozialen Versorgung nach ihren Erfahrungen mit der Behandlung/Beratung von Menschen mit DDR-Heimerfahrung befragt.

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerungen
Schädigungsfolgen, bedingt durch das Aufwachsen im DDR-Heimsystem, tiefverwurzeltes Misstrauen, Angst vor Stigmatisierung sowie subjektive Scham- und Schuldgefühle der Betroffenen stellen die befragten Fachkräfte vor besondere Herausforderungen in der Behandlung/Beratung von Menschen mit DDR-Heimerfahrung und die Betroffenen gleichzeitig vor Zugangshürden in die psychosoziale Versorgung.
Anaesthetic effect of clove basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) essential oil on the giant river prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii, De Man 1879) exposed to different water pHs
Authors: de Souza Valente Cecília , dos Santos Geovane , Becker Alexssandro Geferson , Heinzmann Berta Maria , Caron Braulio Otomar , Baldisserotto Bernardo , Ballester Eduardo Luis Cupertino 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe increasing concern for invertebrate welfare has led to improvements in management procedures and protective legislation; under discussion is the use of anaesthetic agents to improve the welfare of farmed prawns. In parallel, the aquatic environments present changes in their physical and chemical characteristics, like the acidification of waters. With this perspective, our study analysed the effectiveness of Ocimum gratissimum essential oil (EO-OG) as a natural anaesthetic for Macrobrachium rosenbergii at different concentrations and water pHs. Juvenile M. rosenbergii were exposed to five different EO-OG concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 μL L−1) and vehicle control (ethanol), at two water pHs (8.08 ± 0.10 and 6.42 ± 0.15). Induction time was EO-OG concentration-dependent regardless of water pH; i.e. the time required for sedation and anaesthesia decreased with the increase of EO-OG concentration. No correlation was found between recovery time and EO-OG concentration. The most effective EO-OG concentration was 400 μL L−1, with prawn sedation in 2.0–2.5 min, anaesthesia in 3.5–4.1 min, and full recovery in 16 min, regardless of water pH. The different tested water pHs influenced sedation time; i.e. sedation time was higher in mild acidic water than in mild alkaline water. Anaesthesia induction and recovery times were similar at both water pHs. Survival rates were 100% in all experimental groups. In summary, EO-OG is effective as a sedative and anaesthetic for juvenile M. rosenbergii in routine procedures, at the recommended concentration of 400 μL L−1, with mild alkaline water.
Shifting Perspectives on the Challenges of Shared Decision Making in Mental Health Care
Authors: Verwijmeren Doris , Grootens Koen P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlthough shared decision making (SDM) has become the most preferable way in doctor–patient communication, it is not fully implemented in mental health care likely due to the complex nature of psychiatric syndromes and treatments. In this review we provide a systematic overview of all perceived and reported barriers to SDM in the literature, acknowledging field-specific challenges, and offering perspectives to promote its wider use. We conducted a systematic search of the wider literature in different databases and included all publications mentioning specified barriers to SDM in psychiatric care. Relevant data and opinions were categorised into micro-, meso- and macro-level themes and put into clinical perspective. We derived 20 barriers to SDM from 100 studies and reports. Eight were on micro-level care delivery, seven involved meso-level issues, five concerned macro-level themes. The multitude of perceived and actual barriers to SDM underline the challenges its implementation poses in mental health care, some of which can be resolved while others are inherent to the nature of the care, with its long-term relationships, complex dynamics, and social consequences, all requiring a flexible approach. We present four perspectives to help change views on the potential of SDM in mental health care.
Governing Immobility in the COVID-19 Crisis in Italy: Non-conforming Behaviors of Migrants Confronting the New Old Processes of Othering
Authors: Fabini Giulia , Firouzi Tabar Omid 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this article, we critically analyze how different confinement sites for migrants in Italy, such as reception centers, pre-removal detention facilities, hotspots, and quarantine ships, have functioned as tools for controlling migration during the COVID-19 pandemic. We specifically focus on the nonconforming behaviors exhibited by migrants within these sites. Our analysis aims to shed light on the mechanisms of control by examining acts of resistance undertaken by individuals, both consciously and unconsciously, and carried out either individually or collectively. We investigate how these specific government practices, as evidenced by these acts of nonconformity, have materialized a sense of "sacrificability" and institutional abandonment. By analyzing protests, their content, and dynamics, we delve into how the concept of necropolitical sacrificability applies to both reception facilities and detention facilities and we argue that this concept extends beyond the COVID-19 crisis, prompting an examination of how power dynamics and people's lives, once deemed sacrificable, continue to be influenced and vulnerable at a social and political level.
Symmetry properties and asymmetry evaluation of Bayesian Confirmation Measures
Authors: Celotto Emilio , Ellero Andrea , Ferretti Paola 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBayesian Confirmation Measures (BCMs) are used to assess the degree to which an evidence (or premise) E supports or contradicts an hypothesis (or conclusion) H, making use of prior probability $$Pr(H)$$

P
r
(
H
)

, posterior probability $$Pr(H|E)$$

P
r
(
H
|
E
)

and of probability of evidence $$Pr(E)$$

P
r
(
E
)

. In the literature many BCMs have been defined with the consequent need for their comparison. For this purpose, various criteria have been proposed and some of these refer to symmetry properties. We relate the set of possible symmetries of BCMs, via an isomorphism, to the dihedral group of symmetries of the square. In this way it is possible to identify 10 subsets of symmetries that can coexist, for each subset we suggest a representative BCM, defining at this aim two new BCMs. The structure of the subgroups of the dihedral group allows also to provide an algorithm that simplifies the verification of the symmetry properties. Addressing the debate on which symmetry properties should be considered as desirable and which should not, we define asymmetry measures for BCMs. In fact, different BCMs that do not satisfy a specific symmetry property may exhibit different levels of asymmetry, this way resulting more (less) desirable. The evidence for the practical use of the approach is given through the numerical evaluation of the asymmetry degrees of some BCMs, showing this way how it is possible to discover some of their characteristics, similarities and differences.
Niche differentiation in rotifer cryptic species complexes: a review of environmental effects
Authors: Walczyńska Aleksandra , Fontaneto Diego , Kordbacheh Azar , Hamil Somia , Jimenez-Santos Marco Antonio , Paraskevopoulou Sofia , Pociecha Agnieszka , Zhang Wei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdaptation to different ecological niches is considered one of the main drivers of species diversification, also in cryptic species complexes, notwithstanding their morphological stasis. We here review all the published information on ecological differentiation within cryptic species complexes within the phylum Rotifera. We found 177 instances of cryptic species identified genetically, published in 101 papers. Only a subset of the papers contained available information on ecological differences and only for two of the 54 known complexes, namely Brachionus calyciflorus s.l. and Brachionus plicatilis s.l., sufficient data were available for analyses of ecological differences. For the B. calyciflorus complex, B. fernandoi consistently occurred at a significantly lower temperature than the other species in the complex; no differences were found for other environmental variables. For the B. plicatilis complex, B. paranguensis occurred in waters with higher pH than the other species; no differences were found for other environmental variables. These results, even if preliminary and based on scattered information, reveal that adaptation to different ecological niches exists also between closely related species. Our aim is to showcase this interesting field of research spurring further detailed studies to focus on the mechanisms of ecological speciation using rotifer cryptic species as a model system.
Local Well-Posedness of the Periodic Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with a Quadratic Nonlinearity $$\overline{u}^2$$ in Negative Sobolev Spaces
Authors: Liu Ruoyuan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We study low regularity local well-posedness of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) with the quadratic nonlinearity

$$\overline{u}^2$$

u
¯

2

, posed on one-dimensional and two-dimensional tori. While the relevant bilinear estimate with respect to the

$$X^{s, b}$$

X

s
,
b

-space is known to fail when the regularity s is below some threshold value, we establish local well-posedness for such low regularity by introducing modifications on the

$$X^{s, b}$$

X

s
,
b

-space.
Betting on Australian Rules Football: Can Expert Tipsters beat Randomness?
Authors: Riley Ben J. , Li Lee , Plevin David , Baigent Michael 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBetting on the various codes of football in Australia accounts for the majority of sports betting, with Australian rules football (AFL) by far the most popular sport in Australia. Several studies have revealed the heavy presence of gambling advertising during AFL broadcasts, and a frequently used advertising strategy involves the use of well-known AFL commentators outlining their tips and betting suggestions. To date, no research has examined the hypotheses that skill may help in predicting AFL matches and monetary outcomes from AFL betting. Rather than merely discounting such ideas, it is important to test them empirically. The aims of this study were therefore, to examine if (1) expert AFL tipsters made better predictions than random picks, (2) expert AFL tipsters gained greater monetary reward than random selection, and (3) expert tipsters’ prediction accuracy improved with betting experience. To this end, six seasons of AFL matches, odds data, and expert tipster data were analysed retrospectively, totalling 1141 matches. Random selections were calculated for each match using an inbuilt random number generator within Microsoft Excel and a $2 simulated wager was applied for each AFL match. The results of mixed-effects modelling showed that experts picked more correct outcomes than random selection; experts’ correct predictions were partially mediated by home-game selections; no difference in monetary outcome was observed for experts compared to random selection; experts’ predictions did not improve over time. The results of this study may be used to inform both psychological interventions that target gamblers’ illusions of control, and public health gambling harm prevention messaging.
Thermal properties investigation of paraffin wax/titania nanocomposites as phase change materials
Authors: Mansour Shehab A. , Atwa Ahmed A. , Farag Elsayed M. , Elsad Ragab A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe use of phase change materials (PCMs) for thermal storage, thermal management, and thermal insulation has been widespread for many years. Thermal storage systems (TES) based on PCMs can be improved and optimized by adding nanoparticles (NPs) to them. Throughout this study, PCM nanocomposites (NCs) based on paraffin wax (PW) loaded by anatase titania (TiO2) NPs were fabricated and characterized to examine their thermal performance as phase change materials. The as-synthesized TiO2 NPs were obtained by hydrolysis technique and showed a well-defined spherical shape with a diameter in the nanoscale range and a crystallite size ~ 22.75 nm. Throughout the used concentrations of TiO2 NPs, 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, and 0.5%, the morphological feature for the PW/TiO2 NCs revealed a good dispersion of NPs in PW. The non-isothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements at a constant heating rate of 10 °C min−1 were used in order to get the melting point (Tm), latent heat of fusion (LH), and latent heat rate (LHR) as a function of TiO2 NP concentrations for the investigated PW/TiO2 NCs. Both LH and LHR values for PW/TiO2 NCs are higher than those obtained for a pure PW sample. The significant enhancement in LH and LHR values for PW/TiO2 NCs was found to be 21.2% and 134.3% in comparison with the pure PW sample, respectively. The thermal stability of the investigated PW/TiO2 NCs was examined using thermal gravimetric (TG) scans. It is found that the thermal stability varies with TiO2 NP concentrations with a non-monotonic trend. At concentrations up to 0.25 mass%, the thermal stability improved. For concentrations over 0.25 mass%, the degradation process became rapid.
Unpacking Occupational Health Data in the Service Sector: From Bayesian Networking and Spatial Clustering to Policy-Making
Authors: Pazo María , Boente Carlos , Albuquerque Teresa , Gerassis Saki , Roque Natália , Taboada Javier 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe health status of the service sector workforce is a significant unknown in the field of medical geography. While spatial epidemiology has made progress in predicting the relationship between human health and the environment, there are still important challenges that remain unsolved. The main issue lies in the inability to statistically determine and visually represent all spatial concepts, as there is a need to cover a wide range of service activities while also considering the impact of numerous traditional medical variables and emerging risk factors, such as those related to socioeconomic and bioclimatic factors. This study aims to address the needs of health professionals by defining, prioritizing, and visualizing multiple occupational health risk factors that contribute to the well-being of workers. To achieve this, a methodological approach based on the synergy of Bayesian machine learning and geostatistics is proposed. Extensive data from occupational health surveillance tests were collected in Spain, along with socioeconomic and bioclimatic covariates, to assess potential social and climate impacts on health. This integrated approach enabled the identification of relevant patterns related to risk factors. A three-step geostatistical modeling process, including variography, ordinary kriging, and G clustering, was used to generate national distribution maps for various factors such as annual mean temperature, annual rainfall, spine health, limb health, cholesterol, age, and sleep quality. These maps considered four target activities—administration, finances, education, and hospitality. Remarkably, bioclimatic variables were found to contribute approximately 9% to the overall health status of workers.