bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Organic management and soil health promote nutrient use efficiency
Authors: Toda Misato , Walder Florian , van der Heijden Marcel G. A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionNitrogen is a key nutrient for plants. Often less than 50% of the applied nitrogen fertilisers is acquired by crops and nitrogen can be easily lost into the environment causing environmental pollution. Thus, to make agriculture more sustainable, it is important to investigate which factors determine nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). We investigated whether NUE was higher in organically managed soils compared to conventionally managed soils.Materials and MethodsTo test this, we carried out a pot experiment in a greenhouse using soils from 16 fields. The soils were collected from conventionally (eight fields) or organically managed fields (eight fields). In addition, plants received two different 15N enriched N sources (mineral 15N or an organic fertiliser source, namely 15N enriched plant litter). Plants were harvested at three time points, and growth and nitrogen uptake were assessed at each time point.ResultsNUE depended on management type and harvest time and the higher NUE of organically managed soils became more evident towards the second and third harvest. The average NUE at the end of the experiment was 93% and 55% for mineral fertiliser and litter application, respectively. This indicated that mineral fertilisers were immediately acquired by the plants, while nutrients in organic amendments had a lower availability and probably would be supplied later but steadier. Further, NUE was positively linked to microbial biomass, soil organic carbon content, and aggregate size, indicating that enhanced soil quality and soil health leads to a more efficient use of fertilisers.ConclusionOur results indicate that organic management and soil health promote a more efficient use of nutrients and contribute to a more sustainable agriculture.
Genetic mapping identified major main‐effect and three co‐localized quantitative trait loci controlling high iron and zinc content in groundnut
Authors: Parmar Sejal , Janila Pasupuleti , Gangurde Sunil S. , Variath Murali T. , Sharma Vinay , Bomireddy Deekshitha , Manohar Surendra S. , Varshney Rajeev K. , Singam Prashant , Pandey Manish K. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMalnutrition is a major challenge globally, and groundnut is a highly nutritious self‐pollinated legume crop blessed with ample genomic resources, including the routine deployment of genomic‐assisted breeding. This study aimed to identify genomic regions and candidate genes for high iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) content, utilizing a biparental mapping population (ICGV 00440 × ICGV 06040;). Genetic mapping and quantitative trait locus (QTL) analysis (474 mapped single‐nucleotide polymorphism loci; 1536.33 cM) using 2 seasons of phenotypic data together with genotypic data identified 5 major main‐effect QTLs for Fe content. These QTLs exhibited log‐of‐odds (LOD) scores ranging from 6.5 to 7.4, explaining phenotypic variation (PVE) ranging from 22% (qFe‐Ah01) to 30.0% (qFe‐Ah14). Likewise, four major main effect QTLs were identified for Zn content, with LOD score ranging from 4.4 to 6.8 and PVE ranging from 21.8% (qZn‐Ah01) to 32.8% (qZn‐Ah08). Interestingly, three co‐localized major and main effect QTLs (qFe‐Ah01, qZn‐Ah03, and qFe‐Ah11) were identified for both Fe and Zn contents. These genomic regions harbored key candidate genes, including zinc/iron permease transporter, bZIP transcription factor, and vacuolar iron transporter which likely play pivotal roles in the accumulation of Fe and Zn contents in seeds. The findings of this study hold potential for fine mapping and diagnostic marker development for high Fe and Zn contents in groundnut.
Impact of mining industries on the groundwater level fluctuation in Singrauli coalfield area by using remote sensing and GIS, India
Authors: Sonkar Ashwani Kumar , Varshney Ramita , Ahmed Shah Izhar , Vishwakarma Ashish Kumar , Jamal Aarif 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe coal mining industries influence hydro‐geological parameters, which affect the aquifer recharge in the coal mining areas. This research aimed to evaluate the impact of various hydro‐geological parameters on fluctuation of groundwater level in the study area. The various hydro‐geological parameters such as soil, geology, drainage pattern, elevation and slope have been considered to accomplish the objective. A comparative analysis was performed by comparing the groundwater level fluctuation (WLF) map with the GIS‐based various hydro‐geological parameter maps to assess the combined influence of different hydro‐geological parameters on groundwater level fluctuation. A total of eighty‐six (86) dug‐wells were chosen to monitor the level of the groundwater for around ten blocks of Singrauli coalfield, and these wells were examined during the months of dry and wet seasons for 2016. Based on the comparative analysis between the WLF map and thematic maps of various hydro‐geological parameters, it has been found that WLF in the south‐western and some portions of the north‐eastern showed moderate to a higher value. This may be because most of the non‐hilly areas come under gentle to moderate slope category, with lower elevation in the area forming the suitable hydro‐geological condition for recharging groundwater. It was observed that the northwest, south‐east and central part of the study area showed lower WLF, which may be due to the presence of overburden dump, presence of higher elevation and steep slope. Thus, the combined effect of slope, elevation, geology, drainage and mining activities on the WLF in the study region is moderate.
Abrasive wear resistance of Fe$$_{{3}}$$Al and Stellite 6 coatings for the protection of valve faces
Authors: Szczucka-Lasota Bożena , Wȩgrzyn Tomasz , Tarasiuk Wojciech , Cybulko Piotr 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDeveloping a technology that increases the service life of valve seats in CNG/LNG-powered vehicles requires the appropriate selection of material and its application technology. Commercially used valve seat materials show accelerated wear under operating conditions, especially in natural gas vehicle engines. The authors developed a new material and technological concept to protect the valve seat in CNG/LNG-powered vehicles. Two materials were used in the research: Stellite 6 alloy and Fe$$_{3}$$

3

Al intermetal. A commonly used material for valve seats of combustion engines is Stellite 6. The Fe$$_{3}$$

3

Al is the new proposed material coating for the protection of the valve seats of internal combustion engines. The article compares the abrasive wear resistance of these materials. The abrasion tests were performed on a T-11 pin-on-disc tester, and the counter-sample was steel S235JR. The test conditions were similar to those prevailing during the operation of the valves in the head of the internal combustion engine, without the influence of temperature. The results indicate that the Fe3Al intermetallic compound is characterised by a lower coefficient of friction and wear intensity than Stellite 6. The results of exploitation tests confirm that the Fe$$_{3}$$

3

Al phase is a prospective material to be used as a protective material on the valve seat of vehicles. The authors made a mathematical model for the wear of the newly created surface layers and proposed hypotheses regarding the wear mechanisms of these layers.
High-grade non-intestinal type sinonasal adenocarcinoma with ETV6::NTRK3 fusion, distinct from secretory carcinoma by immunoprofile and morphology
Authors: Klubíčková Natálie , Mosaieby Elaheh , Ptáková Nikola , Trinquet Aude , Laé Marick , Costes-Martineau Valérie , Skálová Alena 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe report 2 cases of high-grade sinonasal adenocarcinoma with a distinct morphological and immunohistochemical phenotype. Albeit histologically different from secretory carcinoma of the salivary glands, both tumors presented here share an ETV6::NTRK3 fusion. The highly cellular tumors were composed of solid and dense cribriform nests, often with comedo-like necroses in the center, and minor areas with papillary, microcystic, and trabecular formations without secretions, mostly located at the periphery of the lesion. The cells displayed high-grade features, with enlarged, crowded, and often vesicular nuclei with conspicuous nucleoli and brisk mitotic activity. The tumor cells were immunonegative for mammaglobin while showing immunopositivity for p40/p63, S100, SOX10, and GATA3, as well as for cytokeratins 7, 18, and 19. For the first time, we describe 2 cases of primary high-grade non-intestinal type adenocarcinomas of the nasal cavity, distinct from secretory carcinoma by morphology and immunoprofile, harboring the ETV6::NTRK3 fusion.
Outcomes of cervical spinal stenosis surgery in patients aged ≥ 65 years based on insurance status: a single-center cohort study from a tertiary center in Germany
Authors: Lenga Pavlina , Papakonstantinou Vassilios , Kiening Karl , Unterberg Andreas W. , Ishak Basem 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective
The prevalence of degenerative disorders of the spine, such as cervical spinal stenosis with cervical spine myelopathy (CSM) in the geriatric population, has rapidly increased worldwide. To date, there has been no systematic analysis comparing outcomes in older patients suffering from progressive CSM and undergoing surgery depending on their health insurance status. We sought to compare the clinical outcomes and complications after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) or posterior decompression with fusion in patients aged ≥ 65 years with multilevel cervical spinal canal stenosis and concomitant CSM with special focus on their insurance status.

Methods
Clinical and imaging data were retrieved from patients’ electronic medical records at a single institution between September 2005 and December 2021. Patients were allocated into two groups with respect to their health insurance status: statutory health insurance (SHI) vs. private insurance (PI).

Results
A total of 236 patients were included in the SHI group and 100 patients in the privately insured group (PI) group. The overall mean age was 71.7 ± 5.2 years. Regarding comorbidities, as defined with the age-adjusted CCI, SHI patients presented with higher rates of comorbidities as defined by a CCI of 6.7 ± 2.3 and higher prevalence of previous malignancies (9.3%) when compared to the PI group (CCI 5.4 ± 2.5, p = 0.051; 7.0%, p = 0.048). Both groups underwent ACDF (SHI: 58.5% vs. PI: 61.4%; p = 0.618), and the surgical duration was similar between both groups. Concerning the intraoperative blood transfusion rates, no significant differences were observed. The hospital stay (12.5 ± 1.1 days vs. 8.6 ± 6.3 days; p = 0.042) and intenisve care unit stay (1.5 ± 0.2 days vs. 0.4 ± 0.1 days; p = 0.049) were significantly longer in the PI group than in the SHI group. Similar in-hospital and 90-day mortality rates were noted across the groups. The presence of comorbidities, as defined with the age-adjusted CCI, poor neurological status at baseline, and SHI status, was significant predictor for the presence of adverse events, while the type of surgical technique, operated levels, duration of surgery, or blood loss was not.

Conclusions
Herein, we found that surgeons make decisions independent of health insurance status and aim to provide the most optimal therapeutic option for each individual; hence, outcomes were similar between the groups. However, longer hospitalization stays were present in privately insured patients, while SHI patients presented on admission with poorer baseline status.
Extension variance: an early geostatistical concept applied to assess nitrate pollution in groundwater
Authors: Schafmeister Maria-Theresia , Steffen Michael , Zeissler Karl-Otto , Zingelmann Markus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMonitoring and assessing groundwater quality according to European directives and national regulations is usually based on interpolation techniques, e.g. Kriging. However, contour maps of hydrochemical parameters often suggest a spurious local accuracy and can therefore lead to inappropriate action measures. Here, the early concept of extension variance combined with the Voronoi tessellation regionalization is proposed. The mosaic-like representation of pollutant concentrations in Voronoi polygons avoids misinterpretations caused by interpolation. The additional calculation of the extension variance, which is based on fundamental geostatistical assumptions, allows for estimating the probability that a given threshold is exceeded. This concept is further extended to hydraulically delimitable groundwater bodies, thus ensuring that hydraulic boundaries are considered. A method is here described for the assessment of groundwater quality with respect to nitrate concentration in the principal aquifer of the state Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in Germany.
The effects of Bacillus species probiotics (Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis) on the water quality, immune responses, and resistance of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) against Fusarium solani infection
Authors: Monier Mohamed N. , Kabary Hoda , Elfeky Amal , Saadony Saadea , El-Hamed Nadia N. B. Abd , Eissa Moaheda E. H. , Eissa El-Sayed Hemdan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the impacts of water application of a commercial Bacillus species probiotics, SANOLIFE®PRO-W (containing Bacillus subtilis and B. licheniformis), on water quality, digestive enzymes, growth performance, antioxidants, innate immunity, body composition, and resistance of whiteleg shrimp against Fusarium solani infection. A total of 240 animals (2.00 ± 0.07 g) were stocked into twelve 1-m3 concrete ponds and divided into four triplicate treatments. For 56 days, the rearing water was supplemented with Bacillus species probiotic at 0, 0.01, 0.02, and 0.03 g/m3 and defined as control, T1, T2, and T3 groups, respectively. Results revealed that Bacillus species probiotics increased dissolved oxygen and decreased total ammonia, nitrite, and unionized ammonia in the rearing ponds. However, adding probiotic Bacillus to rearing water significantly increased the digestive enzyme (chymotrypsin, trypsin, protease, lipase, and amylase) and growth performance parameters compared to the control. On the other hand, the antioxidant levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were increased significantly, while the malondialdehyde concentrations were decreased significantly compared to the control. Furthermore, Bacillus probiotics boosted the innate immunity of shrimp manifested by increased activities of lysozyme, prophenoloxidase, respiratory burst, and the total hemocyte count compared with the control treatment. Of interest, shrimp mortalities decreased after F. solani infection to 35% in the T3 group compared to 100% in the control group. In conclusion, water application of Bacillus species probiotics, especially at 0.02 and 0.03 g/m3, improved the water quality, welfare, and resistance of whiteleg shrimp to F. solani infection.
Real-world data analysis of perioperative chemotherapy patterns, G-CSF use, and FN status in patients with early breast cancer
Authors: Shibata Nobuhiro , Yoshinami Tetsuhiro , Tamaki Kentaro , Nukada Tomoyuki , Ohno Shinji 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to describe perioperative chemotherapy patterns, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) use, and febrile neutropenia (FN) status in patients with early breast cancer (EBC) using real-world data in Japan.

Methods
This retrospective observational study used anonymized claims data. The included patients were ≥ 18 years old, were female, and had breast cancer diagnosis and surgery records between January 2010 and April 2020. Measures included perioperative chemotherapy, G-CSF use (daily and primary prophylaxis [PP]), and FN and FN-related hospitalization (FNH), all examined annually. Perioperative chemotherapy was examined separately for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive/negative (HER2±). A multivariate logistic regression was used to explore the factors associated with FNH.

Results
Of 32,597 patients, those with HER2 + EBC treated with anthracycline-based regimens followed by taxane + trastuzumab + pertuzumab increased since 2018, and those with HER2 − EBC treated with doxorubicin/epirubicin + cyclophosphamide followed by taxane and dose-dense regimens increased after 2014. The proportion of patients prescribed daily G-CSF declined after 2014, whereas that of pegfilgrastim PP increased. The incidence proportion of FN remained at approximately 24–31% from 2010 to 2020, while that of FNH declined from 14.5 to 4.0%. The odds of FNH were higher in those aged ≥ 65 years and lower with pegfilgrastim PP administration.

Conclusion
Despite the increasing use of escalated regimens in the last 5–6 years, FNH continuously declined, and the odds of FNH were lower among patients treated with pegfilgrastim PP. These results may suggest the contribution of PP in part to suppressing FNH levels over the last 5–6 years.
Embodied Learning Activities Focusing on Letter-Sound Knowledge Increase Spelling Performance in 1st Grade Children with Low and High Reading Ability
Authors: Damsgaard Linn , Nielsen Anne-Mette Veber , Topor Marta Katarzyna , Hansen Rasmus Ahmt , Jensen Søren Kildahl , Markers Rebekka Læssøe , Gejl Anne Kær , Malling Anne Sofie Bøgh , Wienecke Jacob 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe study aimed to investigate the effect of embodied learning on children’s literacy skills and whether the activities were particularly beneficial for children at risk for reading difficulties. We conducted a randomized controlled trial during 4 weeks for grade 1 children (n = 52, age = 7.1). Children were randomly assigned to receive regular classroom teaching (CON) or to receive teaching focusing on letter-sound couplings with the use of the body (i.e., movement-phonemes) (MOVE). Children were evaluated on letter knowledge, word reading, and spelling performance before the intervention (T1) and after the intervention (T2). A significantly improvement for MOVE compared to CON from T1 to T2 was observed in children’s ability to name letter-sounds (p < 0.001), conditional sounds (p <0.001), and for spelling performance (p = 0.002). Within CON and MOVE, children were divided into low (LP) and high performers (HP) based on word reading performance at baseline. A significantly higher improvement for LP in MOVE was observed compared to LP in CON from T1 to T2 in letter-sounds (p < 0.0001), conditional letter-sounds (p <0.0001), and for spelling performance (p = 0.037). No differences were observed between LP-MOVE and HP-MOVE. Our results demonstrate that a short intervention based on movement-phonemes increase children’s letter knowledge and spelling performance. The results also demonstrate that LP and HP have similar improvements and therefore, this type of activities are not particularly beneficial for children at risk for reading difficulties. We suggest that this teaching method could be beneficial for all school children at this age.
Improving hardware/software interface management in systems of systems through documentation as code
Authors: Cadavid Héctor , Andrikopoulos Vasilios , Avgeriou Paris 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Context
The management of Interface Control Documents (ICDs) has shown to be a major pain point in the architecting processes of Systems of Systems (SoS).

Objective
This work aims to improve on previously identified ICD management issues using the documentation-as-code philosophy as a potential basis for a treatment, and in collaboration with practitioners.

Method
We conducted a Technical Action Research (TAR) study with a group of engineers at the Netherlands Radio Astronomy Institute (ASTRON), in the context of the LOFAR radio telescope. An additional research instrument, in the form of an expert panel, was used to evaluate the transferability of the proposed treatment to alternative domains.

Results
In-depth insights on previously identified interface management issues were gained. Based on these insights a functional proof-of-concept was developed aimed at addressing these issues following the documentation-as-code principles. In addition to receiving overall positive reviews from practitioners and experts, further areas of improvement and transferability considerations for future work were identified.

Conclusions
The proposed approach, which to our knowledge has not been explored before in this context, is promising to address some of the recurring interfacing-related issues with directed SoS in multiple engineering domains. This could be done mainly by enforcing consistency and completeness on both text-based and formal elements of the ICDs, and turning ICDs into single sources of truth for the architecting processes of large scale SoS.
The forgotten giant of the Pacific: a review on giant taro (Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G.Don)
Authors: Müller Jonas V. , Guzzon Filippo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis article provides an overview over taxonomy, distribution, cultivation and use of giant taro, Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G.Don. The species belongs to the Araceae (aroid) family, which consists of 3700 species grouped into 107 genera. Among those species are several important crop species from tropical Asia and America. Giant taro, with a thick stem, large leaves and inflorescences, is cultivated as a food crop in several Pacific countries and in tropical Asia. In other parts of the world, it is mainly cultivated as an ornamental species. With a high starch content and its pest resistance, it often forms part of local traditional polycropping and agroforestry systems, e.g. in Tonga, and it contributes to local food security in particular during periods of food scarcity. Few production statistics are available as giant taro is mainly cultivated on a small scale and as part of subsistence agriculture. We consider giant taro a neglected crop. To our knowledge, no breeding or research programmes for crop improvement are currently happening. A database query and literature review revealed only 59 gene bank accessions, held in 7 different gene banks worldwide. We suggest further research into the conservation of landraces and into an increase of the productivity of this crop.
Business is tense: new evidence on how language affects economic activity
Authors: Campo Francesco , Nunziata Luca , Rocco Lorenzo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe provide a large scale within-country analysis of the effect of language future time reference (FTR) on self-employment using individual-level data from Switzerland, a country characterized by a long-standing multilingualism and a large share of immigrant population. We test the hypothesis that speakers of languages where future tense marking is not obligatory in prediction contexts (defined as weak FTR) may have a closer perception of future rewards and be more willing to become self-employed, a choice that reflects future orientation. We perform an epidemiological analysis which consistently indicates that long-term immigrants who speak weak FTR languages are between 2 and 4 percentage points more likely to be self-employed compared to speakers of strong FTR languages, net of unobservable ancestral cultural traits, districts of destination’s characteristics, and linguistic features other than FTR. We find that the effect is largest when the main language of daily use is the mother tongue, but the effect is also significant when the main language is learnt later in life.