bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Imagining machine vision: Four visual registers from the Chinese AI industry
Authors: de Seta Gabriele , Shchetvina Anya 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMachine vision is one of the main applications of artificial intelligence. In China, the machine vision industry makes up more than a third of the national AI market, and technologies like face recognition, object tracking and automated driving play a central role in surveillance systems and social governance projects relying on the large-scale collection and processing of sensor data. Like other novel articulations of technology and society, machine vision is defined, developed and explained by different actors through the work of imagination. In this article, we draw on the concept of sociotechnical imaginaries to understand how Chinese companies represent machine vision. Through a qualitative multimodal analysis of the corporate websites of leading industry players, we identify a cohesive sociotechnical imaginary of machine vision, and explain how four distinct visual registers contribute to its articulation. These four registers, which we call computational abstraction, human–machine coordination, smooth everyday, and dashboard realism, allow Chinese tech companies to articulate their global ambitions and competitiveness through narrow and opaque representations of machine vision technologies.
Redefining Human–Robot Symbiosis: a bio-inspired approach to collaborative assembly
Authors: Barravecchia Federico , Bartolomei Mirco , Mastrogiacomo Luca , Franceschini Fiorenzo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe advent of collaborative robotics has enabled humans and robots to collaborate closely in carrying out manufacturing activities. Together, they can leverage their unique strengths and capabilities to tackle complex tasks. This partnership between humans and robots is often described as symbiotic in literature, but this concept is frequently oversimplified to a simple exchange of mutual benefits. In reality, symbiosis encompasses a wide range of interactions, some of which may be beneficial while others might be detrimental.To effectively manage Human–Robot Symbiosis, it is important to understand its underlying principles. In this view, this paper has two main objectives: (i) to reinterpret collaborative tasks in assembly processes based on the characteristics of symbiotic relationships; and (ii) to propose a new approach for evaluating assembly tasks inspired by the bio-inspired features of collaborative human–robot systems.Overall, the results of this study represent a step towards achieving a deeper understanding of the principles of Human–Robot Symbiosis, useful to develop effective solutions for enhancing collaboration between humans and robots in assembly processes.
Uncertainty assessment of proarrhythmia predictions derived from multi-level in silico models
Authors: Kopańska Karolina , Rodríguez-Belenguer Pablo , Llopis-Lorente Jordi , Trenor Beatriz , Saiz Javier , Pastor Manuel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn silico methods can be used for an early assessment of arrhythmogenic properties of drug candidates. However, their use for decision-making is conditioned by the possibility to estimate the predictions’ uncertainty. This work describes our efforts to develop uncertainty quantification methods for the predictions produced by multi-level proarrhythmia models. In silico models used in this field usually start with experimental or predicted IC50 values that describe drug-induced ion channel blockade. Using such inputs, an electrophysiological model computes how the ion channel inhibition, exerted by a drug in a certain concentration, translates to an altered shape and duration of the action potential in cardiac cells, which can be represented as arrhythmogenic risk biomarkers such as the APD90. Using this framework, we identify the main sources of aleatory and epistemic uncertainties and propose a method based on probabilistic simulations that replaces single-point estimates predicted using multiple input values, including the IC50s and the electrophysiological parameters, by distributions of values. Two selected variability types associated with these inputs are then propagated through the multi-level model to estimate their impact on the uncertainty levels in the output, expressed by means of intervals. The proposed approach yields single predictions of arrhythmogenic risk biomarkers together with value intervals, providing a more comprehensive and realistic description of drug effects on a human population. The methodology was tested by predicting arrhythmogenic biomarkers on a series of twelve well-characterised marketed drugs, belonging to different arrhythmogenic risk classes.
Clinical trials of neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors for early-stage operable colon and rectal cancer
Authors: Veen Torhild , Kanani Arezo , Lea Dordi , Søreide Kjetil 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have become first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) with deficient mismatch repair (dMMR). Despite the remarkable response reported in preliminary trials, the role of ICI in patients with early-stage, operable CRC remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate trials on neoadjuvant ICI in operable CRC.

Materials and methods
Scoping review of clinical trial registries (Clinicaltrials.gov and EU clinical trial registers) and PubMed/Medline database of trials on neoadjuvant ICI for operable CRC was done up to December 2022.

Results
Some 40 trials investigating neoadjuvant ICI for early-stage, operable CRC were identified, including five published trials and three conference abstracts. Preclinical phase I/II trial predominated with only three clinical phase III trials. Few trials investigated neoadjuvant ICI as the only intervention (monotherapy). Trials in rectal cancer were designed for combined ICI with chemo(radio)therapy, only 8 trials stating an MSI/dMMR status for inclusion, one designed for MSS/pMMR only and, the rest agnostic for MMR status. Thirty-eight (95%) trials investigated programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors. PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors were combined with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitor or with cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein-4 (CTLA-4) inhibitor, in two trials each, respectively. Pathological complete response as primary outcome after surgery was the most frequently used study endpoint. In rectal cancer, six trials included a “watch and wait” strategy for patients with complete clinical response. No “watch and wait” study design for colon cancer after neoadjuvant ICI were identified.

Conclusion
High response rates from neoadjuvant ICI in early-stage colon and rectal cancer are reported in phase I/II studies. Contemporary trial designs are heterogeneous, with few comparable inclusion criteria, use of several drug combinations and durations and, wide variation of endpoints reported. Harmonizing clinical and translational aspects including survival data is needed for improved future trial designs with clinical impact.
GWAS reveals genomic associations with swine inflammation and necrosis syndrome
Authors: Gerhards Katharina , Becker Sabrina , Kuehling Josef , Lechner Mirjam , Bathke Jochen , Willems Hermann , Reiner Gerald 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe recently identified swine inflammation and necrosis syndrome (SINS) occurs in high prevalence from newborn piglets to fattening pigs and resembles an important concern for animal welfare. The primary endogenous syndrome affects the tail, ears, teats, coronary bands, claws and heels. The basis of clinical inflammation and necrosis has been substantiated by histopathology, metabolomic and liver transcriptomic. Considerable variation in SINS scores is evident in offspring of different boars under the same husbandry conditions. The high complexity of metabolic alterations and the influence of the boar led to the hypothesis of a polygenic architecture of SINS. This should be investigated by a genome-wide association study. For this purpose, 27 sows were simultaneously inseminated with mixed semen from two extreme boars. The mixed semen always contained ejaculate from a Pietrain boar classified as extremely SINS susceptible and additionally either the ejaculate from a Pietrain boar classified as SINS stable or from a Duroc boar classified as SINS stable. The 234 piglets were phenotyped on day 3 of life, sampled and genetically assigned to the respective boar. The piglets showed the expected genetic differentiation with respect to SINS susceptibility. The suspected genetic complexity was confirmed both in the number and genome-wide distribution of 221 significantly associated SNPs, and led to 49 candidate genes. As the SNPs were almost exclusively located in noncoding regions, functional nucleotides have not yet been identified. The results suggest that the susceptibility of piglets to SINS depends not only on environmental conditions but also on genomic variation.
Development and validation of nomograms to recurrence and survival in patients with early-stage cervical adenocarcinoma
Authors: Wang Xintao , Shi Wenpei , Pu Xiaowen , Hu Yan , Chen Ruiying , Zhu Haiyan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Cervical adenocarcinoma is one of the most common types of cervical cancer and its incidence is increasing. The biological behavior and treatment outcomes of cervical adenocarcinoma (CA) differ from those of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We sought to develop a model to predict recurrence and cancer-specific survival (CSS) deaths in CA patients.

Methods
131 patients were included in model development and internal validation, and patients from the SEER database (N = 1679) were used for external validation. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to select predictors of relapse-free survival (RFS) and CSS and to construct the model, which was presented as two nomograms. Internal validation of the nomograms was performed using the bootstrap resampling method.

Results
Age, FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage, size of the tumor, lymph metastasis and depth of invasion were identified as independent prognostic factors for RFS, while age, FIGO stage, size of the tumor and number of positive LNs were identified as independent prognostic factors for CSS. The nomogram of the recurrence model predicted 2- and 5-year RFS, with optimism adjusted c-statistic of 75.41% and 74.49%. Another nomogram predicted the 2- and 5-year CSS with an optimism-adjusted c-statistic of 83.22% and 83.31% after internal validation; and 68.6% and 71.33% after external validation.

Conclusions
We developed and validated two effective nomograms based on static nomograms or online calculators that can help clinicians quantify the risk of relapse and death for patients with early-stage CA.
Source tracing of Anthonomus grandis captured in areas of the USA where the species had previously been eradicated
Authors: Raszick Tyler J. , Perkin Lindsey C. , Shirley Xanthe A. , Ruiz-Arce Raul , Kramer Zoey A. , Suh Charles P.-C. , Sword Gregory A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAnthonomus grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is comprised of two subspecies: the boll weevil (A. g. grandis) and the thurberia weevil (A. g. thurberiae). The thurberia weevil is generally regarded as a non-pest variant of the species, whereas the boll weevil is an important economic pest of commercial cotton. In the USA, a nationwide eradication program has been largely successful against the boll weevil, but reintroductions of eradicated zones remain a threat. In 2015, A. grandis was trapped in the functionally eradicated Winter Garden growing region in Texas, where it had not been found since 2012. Weevils established in the area and triggered a multi-year, multi-million-dollar mitigation effort. In 2017, the species was trapped in Hidalgo County, New Mexico, another area where it had been previously eradicated. In this study, we obtained specimens from both trapping events and used double digest restriction site-associated DNA sequencing to obtain genetic data in homology with previously published A. grandis population genetic data. We conducted source tracing to match the captured weevils to previously described populations to determine a likely source population. We also compared the accuracy of the approach to other diagnostic methods currently used by the United States Department of Agriculture. The results suggested that a small founder population of weevils dispersed from the Lower Rio Grande Valley population in southern Texas and northern Tamaulipas and established in the Winter Garden. In Hidalgo Co., NM, the weevils were found to be genetically indistinct from non-pest populations of thurberia weevil associated with Arizona wild cotton (Gossypium thurberi). Thurberia weevils in Arizona remain unlikely to threaten commercial growers. Improved rapid diagnostic tools may be desirable to enable better assessment of trap captures and allow for a reduction in the application of mitigation efforts when the non-pest variant is identified.
High neuroticism is associated with common late adverse effects in a nationwide sample of long-term breast cancer survivors
Authors: Dahl Alv A. , Smedsland Solveig K. , Vandraas Kathrine F. , Bøhn Synne K. , Falk Ragnhild S. , Kiserud Cecilie E. , Reinertsen Kristin V. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Neuroticism is a basic personality trait characterized by negative emotions triggered by stress such as a breast cancer diagnosis and its treatment. Due to lack of relevant research, the purpose of this study was to examine if high neuroticism is associated with seven common late adverse effects (LAEs) in long-term (≥ 5 years) breast cancer survivors (BCSs).

Methods
All female Norwegian BCSs aged 20–65 years when diagnosed with stage I–III breast cancer in 2011 or 2012 were invited to a questionnaire study in 2019 (N = 2803), of whom 48% participated (N = 1355). Neuroticism was self-rated using the abridged version of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, and scores dichotomized into high and low neuroticism. LAEs were defined by categorization of ratings on the EORTC QLQ-C30 (cognitive function, pain, and sleep problems) and QLQ-BR23 (arm problems) questionnaires, and categorizations of scale scores on mental distress, fatigue, and neuropathy. Associations between high neuroticism and LAEs were explored using multivariate logistic regression analyses.

Results
High neuroticism was found in 40% (95%CI 37–42%) of BCSs. All LAEs were significantly more common among BCSs with high compared to low neuroticism. In multivariable analyses, high neuroticism was positively associated with all LAEs except neuropathy. Systemic treatment, somatic comorbidity, and not being in paid work were also significantly associated with all LAEs.

Conclusions
High neuroticism is prevalent and associated with increased risks of LAEs among BCSs. Identification of high neuroticism could improve the follow-up care of BCSs as effective interventions for the condition exist.
Behavioral Health Care Delivery Through Street Medicine Programs in California
Authors: Su Kimberly Y. , Feldman Brett J. , Feldman Corinne T. , Saluja Sonali , Coulourides Kogan Alexis M. , Cousineau Michael R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMental health and substance use disorders are prevalent among people experiencing homelessness. Street Medicine can reach unhoused people who face barriers to accessing healthcare in more traditional medical settings including shelter-based clinics. However, there is little guidance on best practices for mental health and substance use treatment through Street Medicine. The aim of the study was to describe behavioral health care through Street Medicine by analyzing data from the California Street Medicine Landscape survey and follow-up qualitative interviews. Most street medicine programs utilize non-psychiatrists to diagnose and treat mental health and substance use disorders, though the capacity to provide the level of care needed varies. There is a lack of street-based psychiatric clinicians and programs have difficulty making referrals to mental health and addiction services. This report shows that Street Medicine could serve as a strategy to expand access to behavioral health care for the unhoused.
Inclusion of the gender equality sustainable development goal in engineering teaching and research
Authors: Peña Marta , de les Valls Elisabet Mas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis work explores how gender mainstreaming can be included in the teaching and research of engineering, a framed discipline belonging to Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (known with the acronym STEM), an area of ​​knowledge known for having (especially in the Western countries) a low proportion of female students. There is little research and manuals that address gender-specific issues in this area of ​​knowledge and how they could be addressed. During the 2018/2019 academic year, a pilot project on gender mainstreaming was carried out at the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya – BarcelonaTech (UPC) as part of these actions. For this purpose, 41 voluntary teachers from 8 Bachelor’s and Master’s Degrees of the UPC have been recruited. Social and gender relevance of the subjects, inclusive methodology, classroom management and assessment have been considered in this research. One of the tools obtained from this study is a guide of recommendations to be used by the teaching and research staff to introduce the changes that make possible the effective incorporation of the gender equality Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) in engineering teaching and research. The recommendations proposed in this work derive from the research carried out for this project. The work, therefore, paves the way for further insight into the specific gender bias in engineering and is an essential tool for people involved in teaching and research in the engineering field from a critical spirit.
DAScheduler: Dependency-Aware Scheduling Algorithm for Containerized Dependent Jobs
Authors: Alelyani Abdullah , Datta Amitava , Hassan Ghulam Mubashar 
Published: August 2023

AbstractContainers have emerged recently as a cloud technology for improving and managing cloud resources. They improve resource sharing by allowing instances to run on top of the host’s operating system. Container-based virtualization runs and manages hosted instances via the host kernel. Resource sharing can cause resource contention. In addition, dependent jobs, which may be deployed across multiple hosts, require frequent communication, resulting in a high volume of network traffic and network contention. The majority of existing research focuses on load balancing, with no consideration for the fact that network contention also plays a significant role in container performance. In this research, we propose a Dependency-aware Scheduling algorithm (DAScheduler) that deploys jobs into containers while accounting for both load balancing and job dependencies. The experimental results show that DAScheduler reduces network traffic by more than half and balances the loads. In comparison to one of the existing state-of-the-art techniques, DAScheduler improves overall cloud performance.
Should Severity Assessments in Healthcare Priority Setting be Risk- and Time-Sensitive?
Authors: Sandman Lars , Liliemark Jan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackground: Severity plays an essential role in healthcare priority setting. Still, severity is an under-theorised concept. One controversy concerns whether severity should be risk- and/or time-sensitive. The aim of this article is to provide a normative analysis of this question. Methods: A reflective equilibrium approach is used, where judgements and arguments concerning severity in preventive situations are related to overall normative judgements and background theories in priority-setting, aiming for consistency. Analysis, discussion, and conclusions: There is an argument for taking the risk of developing a condition into account, and we do this when we consider the risk of dying in the severity assessment. If severity is discounted according to risk, this will ‘dilute’ severity, depending on how well we are able to delineate the population, which is dependent on the current level of knowledge. This will potentially have a more far-reaching effect when considering primary prevention, potentially the de-prioritisation of effective preventive treatments in relation to acute, less-effective treatments. The risk arguments are dependent on which population is being assessed. If we focus on the whole population at risk, with T0 as the relevant population, this supports the risk argument. If we instead focus on the population of as-yet (at T0) unidentified individuals who will develop the condition at T1, risk will become irrelevant, and severity will not be risk sensitive. The strongest argument for time-sensitive severity (or for discounting future severity) is the future development of technology. On a short timescale, this will differ between different diagnoses, supporting individualised discounting. On a large timescale, a more general discounting might be acceptable. However, we need to also consider the systemic effects of allowing severity to be risk- and time-sensitive.
Effects of Interaction Qualities Beyond Task Quality: Disentangling Instructional Support and Cognitive Demands
Authors: Prediger Susanne , Erath Kirstin , Quabeck Kim , Stahnke Rebekka 
Published: August 2023

AbstractInstructional quality dimensions of cognitive demands and instructional support have been shown to have an impact on students’ learning gains. Existing operationalizations of these dimensions have mostly used comprehensive ratings that combine various subdimensions of task quality and interaction quality. The current study disentangles interaction quality in a video data corpus study (of 49 middle school classrooms sharing the same tasks) to identify those quality features that predict students’ learning gains in conceptual understanding. The regression analysis reveals that quality features of students’ individual engagement do not predict individual student learning, whereas teachers’ support of learning content-relevant vocabulary predicts the small groups’ learning. For at-risk students, the collective time spent on conceptual practices (i.e. explaining meanings of concepts) on students’ learning is significantly predictive. The observation that different operationalizations (for similar aspects of interaction quality) lead to different impacts on the learning gains contributes to ongoing research efforts to refine and increase insight into aspects of interaction quality.