bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hyaluronic Acid Spacer for Hypofractionated Prostate Radiation Therapy
Authors: Mariados Neil F. , Orio Peter F. , Schiffman Zvi , Van Thanh John , Engelman Alexander , Nurani Rizwan , Kurtzman Steven M. , Lopez Escarlata , Chao Michael , Boike Thomas P. , Martinez Alvaro A. , Gejerman Glen , Lederer John , Sylvester John E. , Bell Gregory , Rivera Douglas , Shore Neal , Miller Katie , Sinayuk Boris , Steinberg Michael L. , Low Daniel A. , Kishan Amar U. , King Martin T. 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceHypofractionated radiation therapy (RT) for prostate cancer has been associated with greater acute grade 2 gastrointestinal (GI) toxic effects compared with conventionally fractionated RT.ObjectiveTo evaluate whether a hyaluronic acid rectal spacer could (1) improve rectal dosimetry and (2) affect acute grade 2 or higher GI toxic effects for hypofractionated RT.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis randomized clinical trial was conducted from March 2020 to June 2021 among 12 centers within the US, Australia, and Spain, with a 6-month follow-up. Adult patients with biopsy-proven, T1 to T2 prostate cancer with a Gleason score 7 or less and prostate-specific antigen level of 20 ng/mL or less (to convert to μg/L, multiply by 1) were blinded to the treatment arms. Of the 260 consented patients, 201 patients (77.3%) were randomized (2:1) to the presence or absence of the spacer. Patients were stratified by intended 4-month androgen deprivation therapy use and erectile quality.Main Outcomes and MeasuresFor the primary outcome, we hypothesized that more than 70% of patients in the spacer group would achieve a 25% or greater reduction in the rectal volume receiving 54 Gy (V54). For the secondary outcome, we hypothesized that the spacer group would have noninferior acute (within 3 months) grade 2 or higher GI toxic effects compared with the control group, with a margin of 10%.ResultsOf the 201 randomized patients, 8 (4.0%) were Asian, 26 (12.9%) Black, 42 (20.9%) Hispanic or Latino, and 153 (76.1%) White; the mean (SD) age for the spacer group was 68.6 (7.2) years and 68.4 (7.3) years for the control group. For the primary outcome, 131 of 133 (98.5%; 95% CI, 94.7%-99.8%) patients in the spacer group experienced a 25% or greater reduction in rectum V54, which was greater than the minimally acceptable 70% (P &amp;lt; .001). The mean (SD) reduction was 85.0% (20.9%). For the secondary outcome, 4 of 136 patients (2.9%) in the spacer group and 9 of 65 patients (13.8%) in the control group experienced acute grade 2 or higher GI toxic effects (difference, −10.9%; 95% 1-sided upper confidence limit, −3.5; P = .01).Conclusions and RelevanceThe trial results suggest that rectal spacing with hyaluronic acid improved rectal dosimetry and reduced acute grade 2 or higher GI toxic effects. Rectal spacing should potentially be considered for minimizing the risk of acute grade 2 or higher toxic effects for hypofractionated RT.Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04189913
Necrotizing Blepharoconjunctivitis and Keratitis in Human Monkeypox
Authors: Vasquez-Perez Alfonso , Magan Tejal , Volpe Giulio , Osborne Sarah F. , McFaul Katie , Vahdani Kaveh 
Published: February 2023

ImportanceOphthalmic manifestations occur in less than 5% of patients with human mpox (monkeypox), most commonly presenting with self-limiting conjunctivitis and keratitis. Cases with severe ophthalmic complication are uncommon.ObjectiveTo present a case of human mpox with sight-threatening necrotizing blepharoconjunctivitis.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis is a report of a patient who developed necrotizing conjunctivitis due to the monkepox virus at a large university hospital. Data were collected from July to October 2022.Main Outcomes and MeasuresDescription of the progression and clinical evaluation of the ocular condition and the management.ResultsA 63-year-old HIV-positive man presented initially with conjunctivitis and eyelid swelling and developed skin lesions from monkeypox virus 2 days later. Despite remaining stable systemically, after 4 days, his ophthalmic condition evolved to necrotizing blepharoconjunctivitis for which systemic antiviral treatment with tecovirimat was given along with topical trifluoridine, 1%, eye drops. In addition, he required repeated tissue debridement with amniotic membrane grafting to preserve the eye integrity.Conclusions and RelevanceThe severity of this observation was associated with a coexisting immunocompromised state and appeared similar to findings associated with other orthopoxviruses. Ophthalmic manifestations could be the initial presentation of human mpox and could also be severe. Early recognition and intervention may limit the likelihood of substantial ocular morbidity.
Recent Advancements and Perspectives of Biodegradable Polymers for Supercapacitors
Authors: Wu Lu , Shi Xiaoyu , Wu Zhong‐Shuai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSupercapacitors (SCs) have demonstrated great potential for integration into future wearable and implantable electronics, yet the insufficient environmental adaption and biosafety limit their further development. To this regard, application of biodegradable polymers is considered as an ideal solution strategy for the environmentally sound disposal of SCs. The biodegradable polymers with satisfactory degradability and excellent biocompatibility demonstrate an irreplaceable role in the future development of SCs and provide an ideal solution strategy for its environmentally sound disposal. In this review, the research progress and challenges of biodegradable polymers in the field of SCs are discussed and analyzed. First, the classification of existing biodegradable polymers and their typical structure, properties, and preparation processes are elucidated. Subsequently, the main applications of biodegradable polymers in different components of SCs, including electrodes, electrolytes, substrate, and encapsulation materials, are summarized. In addition, the research progress of biodegradable polymer‐based SCs in terms of preparation strategies and modification methods is summarized, and the key role of biodegradable polymers in the development process of green SCs is deeply discussed. Finally, the future perspectives and challenges faced by the biodegradable polymer‐based SCs are briefly proposed.
Merging Nanowires and Formation Dynamics of Bottom‐Up Grown InSb Nanoflakes
Authors: Rossi Marco , Badawy Ghada , Zhang Zhi‐Yuan , Yang Guang , Li Guo‐An , Shi Jia‐Yu , Op het Veld Roy L. M. , Gazibegovic Sasa , Li Lu , Shen Jie , Verheijen Marcel A. , Bakkers Erik P. A. M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIndium Antimonide (InSb) is a semiconductor material with unique properties, that are suitable for studying new quantum phenomena in hybrid semiconductor‐superconductor devices. The realization of such devices with defect‐free InSb thin films is challenging, since InSb has a large lattice mismatch with most common insulating substrates. Here, the controlled synthesis of free‐standing 2D InSb nanostructures, termed as “nanoflakes”, on a highly mismatched substrate is presented. The nanoflakes originate from the merging of pairs of InSb nanowires grown in V‐groove incisions, each from a slanted and opposing {111}B facet. The relative orientation of the two nanowires within a pair, governs the nanoflake morphologies, exhibiting three distinct ones related to different grain boundary arrangements: no boundary (type‐I), Σ3‐ (type‐II), and Σ9‐boundary (type‐III). Low‐temperature transport measurements indicate that type‐III nanoflakes are of a relatively lower quality compared to type‐I and type‐II, based on field‐effect mobility. Moreover, type‐III nanoflakes exhibit a conductance dip attributed to an energy barrier pertaining to the Σ9‐boundary. Type‐I and type‐II nanoflakes exhibit promising transport properties, suitable for quantum devices. This platform hosting nanoflakes next to nanowires and nanowire networks can be used to selectively deposit the superconductor by inter‐shadowing, yielding InSb‐superconductor hybrid devices with minimal post‐fabrication steps.
Wearable Janus‐Type Film with Integrated All‐Season Active/Passive Thermal Management, Thermal Camouflage, and Ultra‐High Electromagnetic Shielding Efficiency Tunable by Origami Process
Authors: Li Xiaolong , Sheng Xinxin , Fang Yu , Hu Xinpeng , Gong Shang , Sheng Mengjie , Lu Xiang , Qu Jinping 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMultifunctional films with integrated temperature adjustment, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, and thermal camouflage are remarkably desirable for wearable products. Herein, a novel Janus‐type multifunctional ultra‐flexible film is fabricated via continuous electrospinning followed by spraying. Interestingly, in the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/phase change capsules (PCC) layer (P1), the PCC is strung on PVA fibers to form a stable “candied haws stick” structure that obviates slipping or falling off. The film with sufficient melting enthalpy (141.4 J g−1) guarantees its thermoregulation capability. Simultaneously, its high mid‐IR emissivity (90.15%) endows the film with radiative cooling properties (reducing temperature by 10.13 °C). Mechanical strength is significantly improved by superimposing a polylactic acid (PLA) layer (P2) on its surface. By spraying a thin MXene layer on the PLA surface of P2P1 film, the obtained (MXene/P2P1) MP2P1 film is endowed with satisfactory low‐voltage heating, photo‐thermal and superior thermal camouflage performance, achieving all‐season thermal comfort. Impressively, the flexible MP2P1 film achieves enhanced EMI shielding effect from 50.3 to 87.8 dB through a simple origami process, which simplifies the manufacturing process of high‐performance EMI shielding materials. In brief, the multifunctional Janus‐type MP2P1 film is an attractive candidate for future wearable products with personalized thermal management and anti‐electromagnetic radiation.
Exciton Manipulation for Enhancing Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Wrinkled 2D Heterostructures
Authors: Ghosh Rapti , Papnai Bhartendu , Chen Yu‐Siang , Yadav Kanchan , Sankar Raman , Hsieh Ya‐Ping , Hofmann Mario , Chen Yang‐Fang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract2D materials’ junctions have demonstrated capabilities as metal‐free alternatives for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). To date, the HER has been limited to heterojunctions of different compositions or band structures. Here, the potential of local strain modulation based on wrinkled 2D heterostructures is demonstrated, which helps to realize photoelectrocatalytically active junctions. By forming regions of high and low tensile strain in wrinkled WS2 monolayers, local modification of their band structure and internal electric field due to piezoelectricity is realized in the lateral direction. This structure produces efficient electron–hole pair generation due to light trapping and exciton funneling toward the crest of the WS2 wrinkles and enhances exciton separation. Additionally, the formation of wrinkles induces an air gap in‐between the 2D layer and substrate, which reduces the interfacial scattering effect and consequently improves the charge‐carrier mobility. A detailed study of the strain‐dependence of the photocatalytic HER process demonstrates a 2‐fold decrease in the Tafel slope and a 30‐fold enhancement in exchange current density. Finally, optimization of the light absorption through functionalization with quantum dots produces unprecedented photoelectrocatalytic performance and provides a route toward the scalable formation of strain‐modulated WS2 nanojunctions for future green energy generation.
Interface Engineering Toward Expedited Li2S Deposition in Lithium–Sulfur Batteries: A Critical Review
Authors: Sun Jinmeng , Liu Yuhang , Liu Lei , Bi Jingxuan , Wang Siying , Du Zhuzhu , Du Hongfang , Wang Ke , Ai Wei , Huang Wei 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) with superior energy density are among the most promising candidates of next‐generation energy storage techniques. As the key step contributing to 75% of the overall capacity, Li2S deposition remains a formidable challenge for LSBs applications because of its sluggish kinetics. The severe kinetic issue originates from the huge interfacial impedances, indicative of the interface‐dominated nature of Li2S deposition. Accordingly, increasing efforts have been devoted to interface engineering for efficient Li2S deposition, which has attained inspiring success to date. However, a systematic overview and in‐depth understanding of this critical field are still absent. In this review, the principles of interface‐controlled Li2S precipitation are presented, clarifying the pivotal roles of electrolyte–substrate and electrolyte–Li2S interfaces in regulating Li2S depositing behavior. For the optimization of the electrolyte–substrate interface, efforts on the design of substrates including metal compounds, functionalized carbons, and organic compounds are systematically summarized. Regarding the regulation of electrolyte–Li2S interface, the progress of applying polysulfides catholytes, redox mediators, and high‐donicity/polarity electrolytes is overviewed in detail. Finally, the challenges and possible solutions aiming at optimizing Li2S deposition are given for further development of practical LSBs. This review would inspire more insightful works and, more importantly, may enlighten other electrochemical areas concerning heterogeneous deposition processes.
Prominent Free Charges Tunneling Through Organic Interlayer of 2D Perovskites
Authors: Li Weijun , Feng Xiaopeng , Guo Keke , Pan Wanting , Li Mingbian , Liu Lulu , Song Jinmei , He Yuhong , Wei Haotong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe diversity of organic cations greatly enriches the species of 2D perovskites; traditional 2D Ruddlesden‐Popper (RP) and Dion‐Jacobson (DJ) perovskites are synthesized by two different organic amines. Here, according to the difference in pKa values between conjugated acids of monoprotonated and biprotonated 4‐(2‐Aminoethyl)pyridine (4AEPy) ions, the 2D perovskites of RP (4AEPy)2PbI4 and DJ (4AEPy)PbI4 from same organic amine is reported, which can realize reversible transformation under the treatment of HI and NH3, respectively. The interaction of N‐H···N hydrogen bond between adjacent organic molecules in (4AEPy)2PbI4 leads to the bending conformation of ethylamine groups, which results in a 2.4 Å reduction in layer spacing compared to typical phenylethylamine lead iodine ((PEA)2PbI4) 2D perovskite. Besides, the ethylamine groups of organic layers in (4AEPy)PbI4 are deeply inserted into octahedral cavities and directly participate in the construction of the conduction band minimum, which leads to a small exciton binding energy of 27.3 meV to generate free charges. The stronger coupling between the organic and inorganic layers and the minor exciton binding energy can promote the DJ phase to possess a more stable structure and better optoelectronic properties. Thus the (4AEPy)PbI4 device displays better light response and X‐ray detection capability with a high sensitivity of 5627 µC Gyair‐1 cm‐2 and the lowest detectable dose rate of 20 nGyair s‐1.
Tunable Spin Seebeck Thermopower in Nonlocal Perovskite MAPbBr3‐Based Structure
Authors: Ren Lixia , Zhang Qi , Tian Yinyi , Li Yong , Zhang Yanrui , Zhang Lu , Wang Shuanhu , Zhai Peng , Jin Kexin , Liu Shengzhong (Frank) 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRecently organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite (OIHP) has risen suddenly to become a superstar for spintronic applications. Fundamental understanding of its spin properties is of great importance for future advances of its applications in spin‐optoelectronic devices. In this work, the authors pioneer modulation of the spin Seebeck thermopower (SSTP) in a Pt/MAPbBr3/NiFe nonlocal structure via longitudinal spin Seebeck effect measurements. They unravel the effective magnon injection into the perovskite film from the NiFe layer, and the tunability of SSTP in this structure is easily realized through the optimization of morphology and component engineering of the OIHP film. First, upon biasing samples with a magnetic flux density during the preparation process, a high‐quality OIHP film can be obtained, in which the spin scattering can be reduced leading to the SSTP enhancement. Second, by doping Cr into the OIHP lattice, the increased magnetic moment density and the additional in‐plane inverse Rashba–Edelstein effect synergistically improve spin accumulation in the Pt layer and thus tune its SSTP. Unveiling those phenomena is important to understanding magnon transport in the OIHP interlayer, which is instructive for designing magnonic devices based on OIHP film.
Regeneration of Humeral Head Using a 3D Bioprinted Anisotropic Scaffold with Dual Modulation of Endochondral Ossification
Authors: Li Tao , Ma Zhengjiang , Zhang Yuxin , Yang Zezheng , Li Wentao , Lu Dezhi , Liu Yihao , Qiang Lei , Wang Tianchang , Ren Ya , Wang Wenhao , He Hongtao , Zhou Xiaojun , Mao Yuanqing , Zhu Junfeng , Wang Jinwu , Chen Xiaodong , Dai Kerong 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTissue engineering is theoretically thought to be a promising method for the reconstruction of biological joints, and thus, offers a potential treatment alternative for advanced osteoarthritis. However, to date, no significant progress is made in the regeneration of large biological joints. In the current study, a biomimetic scaffold for rabbit humeral head regeneration consisting of heterogeneous porous architecture, various bioinks, and different hard supporting materials in the cartilage and bone regions is designed and fabricated in one step using 3D bioprinting technology. Furthermore, orchestrated dynamic mechanical stimulus combined with different biochemical cues (parathyroid hormone [PTH] and chemical component hydroxyapatite [HA] in the outer and inner region, respectively) are used for dual regulation of endochondral ossification. Specifically, dynamic mechanical stimulus combined with growth factor PTH in the outer region inhibits endochondral ossification and results in cartilage regeneration, whereas dynamic mechanical stimulus combined with HA in the inner region promotes endochondral ossification and results in efficient subchondral bone regeneration. The strategy established in this study with the dual modulation of endochondral ossification for 3D bioprinted anisotropic scaffolds represents a versatile and scalable approach for repairing large joints.
Selective Translation of Maternal mRNA by eIF4E1B Controls Oocyte to Embryo Transition
Authors: Guo Jing , Zhao Hailian , Zhang Jue , Lv Xiangjiang , Zhang Shen , Su Ruibao , Zheng Wei , Dai Jing , Meng Fei , Gong Fei , Lu Guangxiu , Xue Yuanchao , Lin Ge 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMaternal messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs) are driven by a highly orchestrated scheme of recruitment to polysomes and translational activation. However, selecting and regulating individual mRNAs for the translation from a competitive pool of mRNAs are little‐known processes. This research shows that the maternal eukaryotic translation initiation factor4e1b(Eif4e1b) expresses during the oocyte‐to‐embryo transition (OET), and maternal deletion ofEif4e1bleads to multiple defects concerning oogenesis and embryonic developmental competence during OET. The linear amplification of complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) ends, and sequencing (LACE‐seq) is used to identify the distinct subset of mRNA and its CG‐rich binding sites within the 5′ untranslated region (UTR) targeted by eIF4E1B. The proteomics analyses indicate that eIF4E1B‐specific bound genes show stronger downregulation at the protein level, which further verify a group of proteins that plays a crucial role in oocyte maturation and embryonic developmental competence is insufficiently synthesized inEif4e1b‐cKO oocytes during OET. Moreover, the biochemical results in vitro are combined to further confirm the maternal‐specific translation activation model assembled by eIF4E1B and 3′UTR‐associated mRNA binding proteins. The findings demonstrate the indispensability of eIF4E1B for selective translation activation in mammalian oocytes and provide a potential network regulated by eIF4E1B in OET.
“Block and attack” strategy for tumor therapy through ZnO2/siRNA/NIR‐mediating Zn2+‐overload and amplified oxidative stress
Authors: Jiang Yuping , Shao Kai , Zhang Fenglan , Wang Tianyi , Han Lei , Kong Xiaoying , Shi Jinsheng 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntracellular zinc ion (Zn2+) accumulation disrupts the Zn2+ homeostasis, providing an ion‐overloading anticancer strategy with great potential. The self‐adaptation of tumor cells to ion concentration, however, puts forward higher requirements for the design of ion‐overloading strategy. Herein, “block and attack” antitumor strategy was applied through a composite nanomaterials (UHSsPZH NPs). The strategy demonstrated powerful ion interference ability through both “blocking” the efflux of excess Zn2+ via gene silencing and “attacking” tumor cells via target delivery of ZnO2. After cellular internalization, ZnO2 was degraded to Zn2+ and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and the gene expression of zinc transporter 1 (ZnT1) was silenced by targeting of released siRNA, which together caused intracellular Zn2+‐overload. Disorder of Zn2+ further interfered with intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, inhibited the electron transport chain and promoted the production of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS), which assisted the “attack” to tumor cells together with the exogenous ROS generated by UHSsPZH NPs under 980 nm laser irradiation. In summary, this work supplies a “block and attack” strategy for the application of ion homeostasis interference in tumor therapy.
ARID2, a rare cause of Coffin‐Siris syndrome: A novel microdeletion at 12q12q13.11 causing severe short stature and literature review
Authors: Xia Dan , Deng Shuyun , Gao Chenchen , Li Xiaojuan , Zhang Lina , Xiao Xiaoqin , Peng Xiaofang , Zhang Jieming , He Zhanwen , Meng Zhe , Liu Zulin , Ouyang Nengtai , Liang Liyang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCoffin–Siris syndrome (CSS) 6 is caused by heterozygous pathogenic variants in the AT‐rich interaction domain 2 (ARID2) gene on 12q12. Currently, only 26 cases with both detailed clinical and genetic information have been documented in the literature. Microdeletions of the entire ARID2 gene are rare. In this study, we report a 5‐year‐7‐month‐old Chinese female who underwent whole‐exome sequencing to discover that she had a de novo 1.563 Mb heterozygous copy number loss at 12q12q13.11, involving an entire deletion of ARID2. The female had severe short stature with obvious dysmorphic facial features, global developmental delay and hypoplastic fingers and toes. Her growth hormone level was normal, with reduced IGF‐1 and increased CA19‐9 levels. After a review of the 27 patients with ARID2 deficiency, a significant positive correlation was observed between age and height standard deviation score (SDS) (r = 0.71, p = 0.0002), suggesting a possibility of growth catch‐up. This study expands the genetic and phenotypic spectrum of CCS6 and provides a decision‐making reference for growth hormone therapy.