bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNA Damage Underlies the Cytotoxic and Apoptotic Effects of Selected Ethiopian Medicinal Plants against Cancer Cell Lines
Authors: Bekele Adamu T. , Postigo Sheila Almaraz , Asres Kaleab , Engidawork Ephrem , Pandiella Atanasio 
Published: January 2025

Background Plants are attractive sources of anti-cancer agents. However, there is limited data about the anti-cancer potential of Ethiopian medicinal plants traditionally used for the treatment of cancer. Purpose To screen the cytotoxicity of 26 Ethiopian medicinal plants against breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and to demonstrate the potential consistent cytotoxicity of the six most active extracts against prostate cancer cell line (PC-3) and neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y). Furthermore, the mode of action of the most active extracts should be investigated. Methods Twenty-six Ethiopian medicinal plants were collected from 12 sites and extracted using 80% methanol through maceration. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay was used to test their cytotoxicity. Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) assay was used to segregate the type of death induced by the extracts. The Western Blot was used to analyze deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damaging properties of active extracts, while chromatographic techniques [thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)] were employed to provide a fingerprint of the most active extract. Results Dovyalis abyssinica (A. Rich.) Warb. extract displayed the most potent cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and SH-SY5Y cells with the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 28.28 ± 3.56 and 5.5 ± 3.9 µg/mL, respectively. It also increased apoptotic cell populations from 0.05% to 12.4%, 0.9% to 14.4%, and 1.8% to 64.5% ( p < 0.0001 in all cases) in MCF-7, SH-SY5Y, and PC-3 cells. Acokanthera schimperi Benth. & Hook.f., D. abyssinica, Erythrina brucei Schweinf., Pittosporum abyssinicum Delile, Rubia cordifolia L., and Stephania abyssinica var. tomentella Oliv. significantly ( p < 0.0001) elevated the expression of phosphohistone H2AX (γH2AX) in at least one cancer cell line. Poly-ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1) also significantly increased ( p < 0.0001) by D. abyssinica and R. cordifolia in MCF-7 cells. Conclusion Some Ethiopian medicinal plant extracts showed marked cytotoxicity against MCF-7, PC-3, and SH-SY5Y cancer cell lines, promoting apoptosis through DNA damage and encouraging phytochemical investigations for potential drug development.
Hospice Referral Rate Disparities of American Indian/Alaska Native Kidney Transplant Recipients with End-Stage Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Analysis
Authors: Rekabdarkolaee Hossein Moradi , Longacre Lauren E. , Isaacson Mary J. , Varilek Brandon M. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons disproportionately suffer from end-stage kidney disease caused by diabetes (ESKD-D). Kidney transplant is the most desirable option to treating ESKD-D, but remains unattainable for many AI/AN persons, especially in rural South Dakota (SD). Additionally, palliative and hospice care options for AI/AN with any serious illness in SD are largely inaccessible. Moreover, receiving kidney transplant potentially affects hospice referral because of the desire to prolong transplant function. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to compare hospice use rates among AI/AN and non-Hispanic White (NHW) persons with ESKD-D prior to death and determine if differences in referral rates are present for those with and without a prior kidney transplant. Methods Retrospective cohort analysis of United States Renal Data System data from 2000-2021. Data for persons with hospice care, transplant status, place of death, and race were analyzed using chi-squared tests with Yates’ continuity correction and the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test. Results AI/AN persons with ESKD-D were less likely to receive hospice care prior to death compared to NHW persons in both transplant ( P < 0.001) and non-transplant ( P < 0.001) groups. When comparing transplant and non-transplant groups by hospice use, persons with no previous transplant were more likely to receive hospice care prior to death ( P < 0.001). Conclusion These results confirm the assumptions of significant differences in hospice care use among AI/AN vs NHW who have ESKD-D, including differences between those with a prior transplant. There is a need to expand palliative/hospice care services for persons with a prior kidney transplant.
Comparison of Sphenoid Sinus Morphology in Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate and Control Groups: A CBCT Study
Authors: Gringo Caroline de Paula Oliveira , Carvalho Luciano Reis de Araújo , Mamani Mariela Peralta , Mello Marina de Almeida Barbosa , Yaedú Renato Yassutaka Faria 
Published: January 2025

Objective To investigate and compare the morphology of the sphenoid sinus (SS) in patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate (BCLP) and the control group. Design A retrospective comparative study. Setting Craniofacial rehabilitation institution. Patients and Participants The study included 100 patients with BCLP (50 men and 50 women) in the preorthognathic period, and 100 control patients who did not have BCLP, were not syndromic and had not undergone orthognathic surgery (50 men and 50 women). Main Outcome Measure(s) The morphological type of the SS was classified as conchal, presellar, sellar, and postsellar. It was further categorized into subtypes: lateral, body, anterior, lesser wing, and clival. Finally, the septations of the SS were classified as intersphenoidal, multiple, or absent. The χ2 test was used to compare the groups and evaluate categorical variables. Results The most common main types in both groups were the sellar type (BCLP group: 44%, control group: 59%) and the postsellar type (BCLP group: 33%, control group: 31%). No statistically significant differences were found between the groups ( P > .05). Regarding subtypes, the most common were the lateral subtype (BCLP group: 57%, control group: 59%) and the sphenoid body subtype (BCLP group: 33%, control group: 31%). Conclusion The most common SS morphologies in BCLP were the sellar and postsellar types. The importance of this morphology is therefore understood in the context of surgeries in the SS region, such as orthognathic and transsphenoidal surgeries, thus helping to avoid complications during surgery.
A face-to-face survey on the practice of ophthalmic clinicians in the management of dry eye disease in patients undergoing cataract surgery
Authors: Naderi Khayam , Maubon Laura , Jeffrey Lam Chun Fung , Roberts Harry , Shah Vishal , Patel Darshak S. , O’Brart David 
Published: January 2025

Introduction Dry eye disease (DED) can impact the accuracy of biometry measurements prior to cataract surgery (CS), influence visual performance post-CS, and can be exacerbated by CS. We performed a survey to evaluate the DED practice of clinicians directly caring for CS patients. Design Prospective face-to-face survey. Method Face-to-face survey consisting of 12 questions relating to CS clinicians’ estimations of DED pre- and post-CS, dry eye tests performed, and the management of DED. Result There were one hundred and twenty-seven responders (39% consultants, 37% trainees/fellows, 8% associate specialists, 6% specialty doctors, 8% optometrists, 2% nurse specialists), with a 100% response rate. Sixty-seven percent routinely assessed for DED pre-CS, with 81% anticipating mild to moderative negative effects of CS on DED. Approximately 75% estimated that over 10% of pre-operative patients had asymptomatic DED, with another 10% or more suffering symptomatic DED. Almost 80% estimated that 10% or more of patients suffered DED post-CS. More DED tests were performed pre- compared to post-operatively (p = 0.02). More consultants performed dry eye tests post-operatively compared to non-consultants (p = 0.02). Most common treatment options included lubricating drops (95%), lid hygiene (75%) and night ointment/gels (54%). Seventy-six percent of surgeons performing CS stated they coated the ocular surface with an ophthalmic visco-surgical device and 34% limited intra-operative light exposure peri-operatively to limit DED. Discussion Despite the anticipated negative effects of CS on DED, 1 in 3 clinicians in our survey were not assessing routinely for DED prior to CS, and fewer dry eye tests were performed post-operatively compared to pre-surgery.
H syndrome with bilateral choroidal osteoma: Coincidence or association?
Authors: Sariyeva Ismayilov Ayna , Doğanay Derya , Ulusoy Mahmut Oğuz , Akacı Okan , Topak Ali , Elmas Muhsin 
Published: January 2025

Purpose To report a case with bilateral corneal arcus and bilateral choroidal osteoma associated with H syndrome Methods Descriptive case report Results A 16-year-old girl with H syndrome was followed up in the pediatric nephrology clinic for chronic renal failure and was consulted to the ophthalmology clinic. She had low vision for more than 5 years. Slit lamp examination revealed bilateral corneal arcus . Lens and iris were normal. Axial length was 19.99 mm in the right eye and 21.85 mm in the left eye. A bilateral orange-yellow plaque was noted in the posterior pole in the funduscopic examination. Fundus autofluorescence (FAF) showed a bilateral diffuse macular hipoautofluorescence area in correspondence with the decalcified portion of the mass. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showed a bilateral choroidal mass with a dome-shaped pushing effect on the overlying retina and damage to the outer layers of the retina. Fluorescein angiography (FA) with bilateral patchy diffuse late hyperfluorescence and B scan ultrasonography showed a bilateral solid highly reflective choroidal mass with acoustic shadowing. Orbital computerized tomography (CT) scans showed bilateral hyperdense plaques in the posterior pole. A diagnosis of choroidal osteomas was made for both eyes. Conclusions This report presents a case with bilateral corneal arcus and bilateral choroidal osteoma associated with H syndrome that has not been previously reported in the literature. Patients diagnosed with this syndrome should undergo routine eye examination, and due to the progressive nature of histiocytosis, they should also be followed closely ophthalmologically.
Morphological awareness and vocabulary knowledge in monolingual and bilingual learners: A meta-analysis
Authors: Cheng Xi , Yin Li , Zhang Haomin 
Published: January 2025

Aims: This meta-analysis aimed to quantify the overall within- and cross-linguistic relationships between morphological awareness (MA) and vocabulary knowledge and identify moderators that influence their associations in monolingual and bilingual learners. Methodology: We conducted a meta-analysis using 109 primary studies that met our inclusion criteria. Data from 79 L1 studies (involving 14,172 monolingual learners) and 30 L2 studies (involving 4,288 bilingual learners) were extracted. Data and analysis: Studies were coded for learner characteristics, such as age, language background, and L1–L2 distance, as well as assessment characteristics, including task modality (e.g., oral vs. written), task content (e.g., derivation and compound), and response type (production vs. reception). Findings/conclusions: The results indicated that (a) in monolingual research, there was a moderate correlation between MA and vocabulary ( r = .43); (b) in bilingual research, there was a significant positive correlation between L1 and L2 MA ( r = .33), and between L1 MA and L2 vocabulary ( r = .26); (c) the magnitude of the association between MA and vocabulary increased with age in monolingual learners, while that of the correlation between L1 and L2 MA decreased with age in bilingual learners; and (d) significant variations were observed depending on the specificity of the language(s) involved, as well as several assessment-related moderators. Originality: This study contributes to the existing literature by systematically exploring the degree of association between MA and vocabulary within and across languages and examining whether these associations are influenced by learner and assessment characteristics. Significance/implications: Our results support MA as a multidimensional, transferrable construct and underscore its important role in vocabulary for monolingual and bilingual learners. Several key considerations are discussed for the selection of MA and vocabulary assessment methods.
Empirical study and machine learning prediction of tensile strength in 3D printed eco-friendly polylactic acid
Authors: Nagarjun J , Saravanakumar N , Thirumalai Kumaran S , Anto Dilip A , Balasuadhakar A 
Published: January 2025

With Additive Manufacturing (AM) technology such as Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) technique being used to produce functional components, it is necessary to understand the combined effect of significant printing process parameters over the mechanical properties of printed parts. The present work employed the full factorial technique to investigate the effect of printing process parameters such as infill density, infill pattern, layer height, and nozzle size over the tensile strength of the printed parts. Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was conducted and it identified the nozzle size as the most significant factor influencing tensile strength, followed by infill density. Layer height and infill shape had a smaller individual impact on tensile strength. However, with specific combinations of nozzle size and infill densities, noticeable variations in tensile strength were observed. Increasing the infill density enhances tensile strength proportional to the rise in mass due to the additional material. Although infill patterns had minimal effect on tensile strength, the specific strength varied, with the triangle pattern showing the highest specific strength of 7.11 MPa/g, which is 5.20% and 21.65% higher than the rectilinear and wiggle patterns. The highest tensile strength of 43.63 MPa was achieved using the wiggle pattern at 80% infill which is due to print orientation of wiggle pattern with the tensile load. Further, increasing the layer height and nozzle size significantly improved specific strength because of higher print quality and reduced defects. The experimental investigation proved the optimal nozzle to layer height ratio (N/L) for to achieve greater strength is 1.66. With the extensive datasets obtained using experimental investigation, a machine learning model was trained for predicting the tensile strength for the given printing process parameters. Due to its adaptability, efficiency and robustness, the Gaussian Process Regression was proved to estimate the tensile strength of the Polylactic Acid (PLA) material with more accuracy. The predictive performance and corresponding residuals of the training and testing datasets resulted with MAE of 3.17, MAPE of 11.66, and an accuracy of 88.34%.
Andexanet alfa in patients with factor Xa inhibitor-associated intracranial hemorrhage: The prospective observational multicenter ASTRO-DE study
Authors: Diener Hans-Christoph , Kuklik Nils , Hüsing Anika , Alonso Angelika , Nabavi Darius G , Poli Sven , Gabriel Maria M , Maier Ilko L , Grans Julia 
Published: January 2025

Background: Hematoma expansion after intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in anticoagulated patients significantly influences clinical outcomes and mortality, emphasizing the need for effective reversal agents. Andexanet alfa is a specific reversal agent for factor Xa-associated major bleeding. Aims: The Andexanet alfa: non-interventional study at STROke centers in Germany (Deutschland, DE) (ASTRO-DE) study collected real-world evidence on the effect of andexanet alfa on mitigating hematoma expansion and altering prognosis in rivaroxaban- or apixaban-treated patients with ICH. Methods: ASTRO-DE was a prospective non-interventional cohort study conducted at 25 certified stroke centers in Germany. The primary outcome was the hematoma volume change and the proportion of patients with hematoma growth ⩽33% within 12–72 h or until first control imaging. Secondary endpoints included in-hospital thromboembolic events and mortality up to 90 days. Results: A total of 137 patients (47.4% male, mean age = 80.0 years) with ICH (92.6% spontaneous, 87.4% intracerebral), mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) on admission of 11.2 points, and mean initial hematoma volume of 26.5 mL (median = 14.1 mL) were analyzed. Ninety patients (65.7%) suffered ICH while treated with apixaban and 47 (34.3%) with rivaroxaban. The median time between symptom onset and application of andexanet alfa was 3.3 h, door-to-needle time was 1.1 h. The mean change in hematoma volume until the first control imaging, conducted after a median of 15.6 h, was 2.3 mL (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.4–4.2), while the change within 12–72 h was 1.8 mL (95% CI = 0.4–3.2). Hematoma growth ⩽33% was achieved in 90.3% of the 93 evaluable patients based on first control imaging and in 90.5% of the 63 evaluable patients, considering only imaging performed within the 12–72 h window. During hospitalization, death occurred in 30/137 patients (21.9%) and 17 thromboembolic events in 11/137 (8.0%) patients. The 90-day mortality was 47/128 (36.7%). Conclusion: ASTRO-DE is the first prospective observational study systematically collecting standardized clinical routine data with andexanet alfa treatment. The study demonstrated favorable hemostasis and minimal mean hematoma volume growth in patients with ICH associated with apixaban or rivaroxaban treatment. Data access statement: Data are available upon reasonable request by contacting the corresponding author.
Assessment of upper extremity functional capacity in following osteosynthesis for upper limb fractures using a novel method for determining total reachable workspace
Authors: Serenza Felipe de Souza , Rizzato Marília Manuella Simões Augusto , Vieira Fernando , McQuade Kevin James , de Oliveira Anamaria Siriani 
Published: January 2025

Objective This study aimed to assess reachable workspace (RWS) in patients post-osteosynthesis of shoulder, elbow, or wrist fractures and explore correlations with self-reported function and kinesiophobia. Design An observational case-control study compared patients with fractures to a control group, utilizing questionnaires and 3D kinematic data. Participants The sample included 66 individuals who had undergone osteosynthesis: 21 with shoulder fractures, 10 with elbow fractures, and 22 with wrist fractures. A control group of 23 participants without upper limb pathologies was also established. Inclusion criteria were ages 18–80 and recent surgery; exclusions were previous upper limb surgeries, cervical pathologies, systemic diseases or nerve injuries. Main outcome measure RWS, the three-dimensional volume the hand can reach, was measured with participants standing. Kinesiophobia was assessed using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TKS), and physical disability and pain were measured using the DASH questionnaire and the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). Results Fracture groups exhibited significant RWS reductions (62–85%) compared to the control group, with no significant differences among the fracture types. RWS showed a high correlation with TKS (R = 0.77) and a moderate correlation with DASH (R = 0.52). Conclusion RWS is a promising biomechanical parameter for assessing upper limb function post-fracture, aiding in refining rehabilitation protocols.
Frequency of Tommy John Surgery in NCAA Division I College Pitchers Versus Weather Conditions
Authors: Pescatore Sabrina M. , DeShazo Sterling J. , Weiss William M. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction (UCLR) is a common elbow procedure in baseball pitchers. Previous studies of Major League Baseball pitchers identified the weather as a potential risk factor, as warmer climates enable more annual playing time and increase overuse injury risks. Purpose: To determine whether weather conditions play a role in UCLR rates and timing for National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I (D1) collegiate pitchers in the United States. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: A total of 320 NCAA D1 college baseball pitchers who underwent UCLR surgery between July 1, 2015, and June 30, 2022, were analyzed. Pitcher college climates were categorized as warm or cold based on their location relative to the 33rd parallel line in North America. A 2-sample independent t test was used to compare the mean UCLR rate for pitchers in warm versus cold climates. The incidence rate difference and incidence rate ratios by state and pitcher year were calculated and evaluated. The chi-square test and Poisson Regression were used to evaluate associations between pitcher year and high school pitching climate. Results: Among 320 total UCLRs, warm-state pitchers had a higher mean UCLR rate compared with cold-state pitchers ( P = .0001). The highest number of UCLRs in warm states occurred during the sophomore year (n = 57), while the highest number of UCLRs in cold states occurred during the junior year (n = 63). Freshmen, sophomore, and senior warm state pitchers had significantly higher (incidence rate ratios [IRR] and incidence rate difference [IRD]) rates and likelihood of UCLR than their cold state counterparts (freshmen PIRD = .0025, PIRR = .0032; sophomore: PIRD = .0002, PIRR = .0003, senior: PIRD = .0123, PIRR = .0159). Underclassmen (freshmen and sophomores) pitchers who threw in warm high school climates had a 1.4 times higher rate of UCLRs than underclassmen pitchers from cold high school climates ( P = .041). Conclusion: NCAA D1 college baseball pitchers who play in warm climates undergo UCLR surgery significantly more often and significantly earlier in their collegiate careers than pitchers playing in cold climates.