bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lay beliefs of smoking and an analysis of predictors of these beliefs
Authors: Dennis Laura , Miles Jeremy 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesTo examine the structure of lay smoking beliefs and predictors of these beliefs.MethodsIn 2006, questionnaires were completed by 150 participants studying at the University of York, England. Factor analysis was used to determine the underlying beliefs held among this sample of lay people. Linear regression analyses were then used to examine predictors of these lay smoking beliefs using demographic characteristics, personality variables and smoking variables as predictors.ResultsFactor analysis of the questionnaire responses revealed an underlying belief structure of four factors described as positive beliefs about smoking, smoking health risks, reasoning beliefs about why people smoke and image beliefs about smoking. Smokers, ex-smokers and occasional smokers were more likely to hold positive beliefs about smoking than non-smokers. Older participants and extroverts held more belief about smoking health risks, whilst smokers were less likely to hold beliefs about smoking health risks.ConclusionsThere is still some degree of public confusion over smoking risks despite extensive media coverage on the subject. Health education strategies should target younger groups of smokers with particular emphasis on the social consequences of smoking.
University students’ help–seeking intentions for the symptoms of meningitis: An application of the Theory of Planned Behaviour
Authors: Williams Kate , Hamilton-West Kate 
Published: January 2023

This study used the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to predict students’ intentions to seek help for meningitis symptoms. Participants (N=236) were presented with a vignette describing symptoms of meningitis and were asked to complete a questionnaire assessing the constructs of the TPB (intention, attitude, subjective norm and perceived behavioural control (PBC)). Participants then indicated how likely they would be to visit the doctor in relation to these symptoms. Two versions of the vignette were used: one described relatively mild (flu–like symptoms) and the other described severe symptoms (including the rash) of meningitis. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the two conditions.The TPB model significantly predicted (Adjusted R2=.35 for condition 1, .33 for condition 2 and .45 overall) help–seeking intentions in relation to both the mild and severe symptoms. Attitude and subjective norm were significant predictors of help–seeking but PBC was not. This study found that attitude and subjective norm predict students’ intentions to seek help for meningitis symptoms. Interventions aiming to increase help–seeking in this population should focus on improving these constructs. Such interventions could be informational or motivational.
Evaluation of a pilot Masterclass for dermatology nurses in psychosocial aspects of care
Authors: Buchanan Polly , Page Barbara , Stephen Karen , Bianchi Janice , Gardner June , Chouliara Zoë 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesTo deliver a Masterclass to eight dermatology nurses focusing on the bio–psychosocial aspects of care for people living with skin disease; utilise psychosocial assessment tools available for Holistic Needs Assessment (HNA); increase participant nurses’ understanding of levels of psycho–social intervention; evaluate course impact on participants’confidencein HNA; evaluate course impact on participants’competencein HNA and record changes in practice following course completion.MethodA pragmatic action research approach was undertaken, utilising standardised pre– and postconfidence and competence questionnaires and reflection (free–text and verbal feedback). A two–day interactive learning programme was delivered with a half–day feedback debrief session at three months.Results: Overall confidence levels increased with mean total confidence scores increasing from 43.1 to 58.3 (range 0 to 90). Greatest percentage increase was demonstrated for: use of screening tools and discussing suicidal ideation. Overall competence levels increased with mean total competence scores increasing from 43.1 to 85.1 (range 0 to 130). Greatest percentage increases in competence were demonstrated for: use of the Distress Thermometer (386 per cent); use of screening tools for anxiety and depression (139 per cent); educating the patient about mechanisms of anxiety (129 per cent); structure and organisation of psychological practice (85 per cent) and assessing for suicidal ideation (85 per cent).ConclusionsThis Masterclass improved participants’ confidence and competence levels in assessing psychosocial aspects of care. It met participants’ expectations and course objectives. Development of an additional mentorship programme for participants following course completion is recommended to sustain change in practice.
Service evaluation of a pilot psychology clinic including psychological intervention within a Tier 2 community adult weight management service
Authors: MacDonald-Gibb Kirsty , McCallum Mary , Young Kerry , Pittendreigh Jen , Campbell Fiona 
Published: January 2023

Background:Obesity levels in Scotland are amongst the highest in the developing world and psychological co-morbidities are common amongst the obese population. and evidence suggests that psychological approaches, can result in sustained weight loss, improved wellbeing and reduced binge eating. However, there is limited evidence of effective intervention supporting weight outcomes in a general setting.Aim:The aim of this pilot intervention was to determine if the addition of a psychology clinic within a Tier 2 community adult weight management service (CAWMS) supported positive weight management outcomes.Methods:Service evaluation data was gathered at an urban and rural GP practice within Grampian. Patients were referred to the pilot psychology clinic if mild to moderate mental health concerns were highlighted. Eight patients (average age 46 years; mean BMI 46.2) attended between four and eight appointments within the psychology clinic. Progress, goal setting, barriers and relapse prevention were discussed using a motivational interviewing approach. Psycho-education, self-management advice and brief psychological interventions, were offered where appropriate.Results:Mean weight loss for patients who attended the psychology clinic was 7.4kg. Mean HADS anxiety scores did not change, whereas HADS depression scores reduced by 3.5, although not statistically significant (p > 0.001). Qualitative feedback suggests that the majority of patients found the addition of psychological support helpful.Conclusion:The pilot has highlighted the value and importance of a psychology clinic within Tier 2 CAWMS. Feedback from dietitians suggests that the addition of psychological support better informed their understanding of patients concerns. It highlights the need for ‘joined-up’ working within the community weight management service.
Professional responsibilities relating to addressing discrimination and difference in health psychology therapeutic practice
Authors: Cain Sasha , Bains Kiran Kaur 
Published: January 2023

Applied HPs work in the context of cultural and societal change. Recently this included the #BlackLivesMatter Campaign, the #metoo movement, LGBTQIA inclusion and a national pandemic; all of which have highlighted inequalities in UK society.HPs often work therapeutically with clients who experience discrimination linked to the direct and indirect consequences of health conditions, lifestyle behaviours and disabilities as well as relating to other visible and invisible differences.HCPC guidelines on discrimination require registrants to not discriminate towards others and to challenge colleagues who discriminate against others. However, responsibilities are not contextualised and do not address the personal impact of discrimination faced by the psychologist themselves (personally and professionally), which may impact the perceived safety of raising professional concerns.The British Psychological Society guidance for practitioner psychologists on discrimination does not address how to discuss difference and discrimination within therapeutic practice. Internationally there are examples of guidance that could be adapted for the UK.HPs need to take a strong affirmative position on tackling discrimination in its broadest definition across marginalised groups. Professional guidance/best practice that recognises the personal experiences of discrimination and clarifies roles and responsibilities would support us to do this.
Experiences of coaching and stress in the workplace: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis
Authors: Gyllensten Kristina , Palmer Stephen 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:This paper will present the findings from a qualitative study exploring experiences of workplace coaching.Design:The study adopted a qualitative design. Semi-structured interviews were used and the method of analysis was Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (Smith, Jaraman & Osborn, 1999).Methods:Two large organisations participated and nine individuals, who had taken part in coaching, were interviewed. The interviews focused on the participants’ experiences of coaching, and one of the topics investigated was coaching and stress.Results:‘Management of Stress’ was identified as a main theme which, in turn, comprised of a number of sub-themes. According to these sub-themes coaching had helped the participants to reduce stress indirectly, to cope with stressful situations, and was a resource that the participants would consider using in the future. Moreover, coaching also had the potential to cause stress.Conclusions:It was concluded that coaching could help to reduce stress indirectly and help individuals to cope with stressful situations. However, as coaching also had the potential to cause stress it was suggested that it was important that coaches clearly explain what can be expected from coaching. In addition, limitations with the study were discussed.
Assessing the efficacy of a cognitive behavioural executive coaching programme
Authors: Libri Vincenzo , Kemp Travis 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:Cognitive behavioural techniques have been the mainstay of psychological treatment for many psychologists in clinical practice. However, there is little known in relation to the efficacy of cognitive behavioural techniques for performance enhancement within a non-clinical setting, such as those found in organisational environments. The present study examined the effects of a cognitive behavioural based executive coaching intervention for a finance sales executive.Design:A within subject, ABAB single case design was utilised in this study.Methods:The participant was a 30-year-old Australian male, employed as a full-time finance sales executive. Each phase of the single case design had a duration of three weeks. Follow-up measures were taken at six months (week 36) and at 18 months (week 88) after the conclusion of the intervention.Results:It was shown that a cognitive behavioural executive coaching programme enhanced a 30-year-old Australian male finance executive’s sales performance, core self-evaluation, and global self-ratings of performance following his participation in an executive coaching intervention.Conclusions:The present study suggests that executive coaches should consider incorporating cognitive behavioural techniques into their coaching programmes. Further research into executive coaching models, approaches and outcomes, is needed, particularly by academics within the field of organisational psychology.
Positive coaching with frontline managers: Enhancing their effectiveness and understanding why
Authors: Yu Nickolas , Collins Catherine G. , Cavanagh Michael , White Kate , Fairbrother Greg 
Published: January 2023

Coaching is increasingly being used in the health sector, with staff and patients. Despite this increase there is only a small body of empirical evidence that demonstrates the effectiveness of coaching in health care settings.Objectives:This study evaluated the effectiveness of a workplace coaching programme (WCP) aimed at enhancing the work behaviours and well-being of 17 managers in a large Australian teaching hospital.Design:A within-group, pre-post test study design was used.Methods:The WCP consisted of needs-based workshops and group and individual coaching over a six-month period. Positive social science provided the theoretical underpinning for the WCP, and this was applied through an integrated solution-focused, cognitive-behavioural methodology. A questionnaire was used to collect data at two time points. Data was analysed using the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test.Results:Participation in coaching was associated with significantly enhanced proactivity, core performance, goal-attainment, self-insight, motivation, positive affect, and autonomy. Significant effects on self-reflection, negative affect and psychological well-being were not found.Conclusion:The study provides preliminary evidence in favour of workplace coaching as an effective approach for facilitating work effectiveness. Further research utilising larger sample sizes and controlled study designs is warranted.
A systematic review (SR) of coaching psychology: Focusing on the attributes of effective coaching psychologists
Authors: Lai Yi-Ling , McDowall Almuth 
Published: January 2023

Objective:Whilst a number of narrative reviews on coaching exist, there is no systematic review (SR) yet summarising the evidence base in a transparent way. To this extent, we undertook a SR of coaching psychology evidence. Following the initial scoping and consultation phase, this focused on coaching psychologists’ attributes, such as the required knowledge, attitudes and behaviours, associated with a conducive coaching relationship and subsequent coaching results.Design:The SR review process stipulates a priori protocol which specifies the review topic, questions/ hypotheses, (refined through expert consultation and consultation of any existing reviews in the field, and replicable review methods including data extraction logs).Methods:The initial search elicited 23,611 coaching papers using 58 search terms from eight electronic databases (e.g. PsyINFO). Following initial sifts, 140 studies were screened further using seven inclusion criteria. Study results from the included papers were integrated through Narrative Synthesis.Conclusion:This SR highlighted that the coaching relationship is a key focus of coaching research and practice, where professional psychological training /background is necessary to understand and manage coachee’s emotional reactions. The review also highlighted that coaches’ attributes have a significant influence on the effectiveness of coaching process and results. The review concludes with a proposal for an initial Coaching Psychologist Competency Framework to underpin future studies, and notes the short comings of existing competency based frameworks for coaching practice.
Intentional personality change coaching: A randomised controlled trial of participant selected personality facet change using the Five-Factor Model of Personality
Authors: Martin Lesley S. , Oades Lindsay G. , Caputi Peter 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:Recent literature suggests that personality may be more amenable to change than was previously thought, and that participant selected intentional personality change may be beneficial. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a 10-week structured intentional personality change coaching programme on participant selected personality facets.Design:Participants were assigned to the personality coaching group or a waitlist control group using a waitlist control, matched, randomised procedure (personality coaching group, N=27; waitlist control group, N=27).Method:A structured coaching programme, designed to identify and modify a limited number of personality facets, chosen by the client, was employed.Results:Participation in the personality change coaching programme was associated with significant positive change in participant selected facets, with gains maintained three months later. Neither age of participant nor number of facets targeted significantly affected change outcomes.Conclusions:These findings suggest that a structured personality change coaching programme may facilitate beneficial personality change in motivated individuals.
Evaluating a coaching and mentoring programme: Challenges and solutions
Authors: Bachkirova Tatiana , Arthur Linet , Reading Emma 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:This paper describes an independently conducted research study to develop appropriate measures and evaluate the coaching/mentoring programme that the London Deanery had been running for over five years. It also aims to explore specific challenges in the evaluation of a large-scale coaching programme and to suggest new solutions.Design:The challenges to evaluation included the need to use established but also context-relevant measures and the need for a rigorous but also pragmatic design that took into account a number of practical constraints. Overall it was a mixed method research design consisting of a within-subject quantitative study with support of a qualitative grounded theory methodology conducted in parallel.Method:The selected measures for the quantitative part of the study included employee engagement, self-efficacy and self-compassion. An additional questionnaire SWRQ (Specific Work-Related Questionnaire) was developed as the result of a qualitative investigation with stakeholder representatives. It included a self-estimation by the coached clients of the extent to which they could attribute each change to the coaching received rather than any other factor. The qualitative part of the study included interviews with stakeholders and the analysis of responses to an open question in the SWRQ.Results:120 (78 per cent) of matched responses pre- and post-coaching were analysed and seven stakeholders interviewed. The results of the quantitative and qualitative analysis show improvement in all chosen scales. The analysis also shows that coaching was a major contributor to these changes.Conclusions:The paper argues for the development of additional methods in outcome research on coaching programmes that are aligned with the main principles and philosophy of coaching as a practice.
What does coaching have to offer to young people at risk of developing mental health problems? A grounded theory study
Authors: Robson-Kelly Liz , van Nieuwerburgh Christian 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:This study sought to identify what coaching psychology has to offer young people at risk of developing mental health problems.Design:The study used a semi-structured interview design and self-reflective data analysis within a qualitative approach.Method:Grounded theory was employed to analyse the transcripts and self-reflective data from coaches and young people and to build a series of descriptive and conceptual codes, and in the creation of a theoretical model.Results:The study results in a theoretical model, which suggests the experience of coaching creates a process, a positive relationship and a set of skills where the young person, through growing accountability, awareness and responsibility, develops choice and control over their thoughts, feelings and behaviour. This helps them to deal with their situations.Conclusions:The study results in an initial theoretical model to assist with the application of coaching interventions, targeted specifically at young people at risk of developing mental health problems. It provides a tentative theoretical understanding that requires further research.
How is behavioural change sustained over time? Coachee perceptions of the effects of coaching one year later
Authors: Nanduri Ventaka 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesThis study addressed three research questions: How do participants perceive the effects of coaching and sustain changes a year later? What challenges were experienced by the coachees in sustaining their changes? What factors enabled the coachees in sustaining their changes?DesignThe study employed Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to understand the felt experiences of former coachees on the effects of coaching after a period of 12 months.MethodsSeven former coachees were purposively selected as participants. Informed consent of the participants and ethical clearance were obtained to conduct research interviews. Semi-structured interviews of the participants were conducted using open-ended questions. The interview conversations were audio-recorded and transcriptions were obtained from a service provider. IPA was used to analyse data and identify themes relevant to the objectives.ResultsThe study revealed a number of aspects about sustainable change, these include sincere efforts through concentration and self-discipline, and intrinsic motivation supported by coaching to change>ConclusionsSustained effects of coaching over a time are linked to coachee satisfaction derived from fulfillment of their goals and desires. The coach’s role in reinforcing client interests/passion and coachee action to maintain the changes are both crucial in achieving durable effects.
‘Adjusting to that new norm’: How and why maternity coaching can help with the transition back to work after maternity leave
Authors: Moffett Jane 
Published: January 2023

ObjectivesMaternity coaching is delivered in certain sectors, with the aim of retaining women after maternity leave. Enabling women to stay in the workforce is a current focus of both government and industry in the UK. The objectives of this research were to determine if there are any key elements that are common to successful maternity coaching programmes which could inform recommendations for maternity coaching programmes across a variety of employment sectors.DesignSemi-structured interviews were used. Eleven participants from five different participating organisations were recruited. Participants had all returned to work after receiving maternity leave.MethodsThe interviews were coded and analysed to identify themes. They were also analysed with relation to the Schlossberg 4S Transition Model, Stern’s Transition to Motherhood theory and Dilts’ logical levels tool.ResultsWith this cohort of high-performing women, we found that coaching was influential in enabling them to engage on a deep level, developing increased self-awareness and finding ways to navigate their way back into the workplace at this time of major transition. The relationship with the coach, and the breadth and depth of the outcomes of coaching were key findings.ConclusionsCoaching at this time appears to enable a re-adjustment on a deep personal level, helping with the return to work after maternity leave.