bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finding the optimal candidate for shock wave lithotripsy: external validation and comparison of five prediction models
Authors: Popiolek Marcin , Jendeberg Johan , Sundqvist Pernilla , Wagenius Magnus , Lidén Mats 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe aimed to externally validate five previously published predictive models (Ng score, Triple D score, S3HoCKwave score, Kim nomogram, Niwa nomogram) for shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) single-session outcomes in patients with a solitary stone in the upper ureter. The validation cohort included patients treated with SWL from September 2011 to December 2019 at our institution. Patient-related variables were retrospectively collected from the hospital records. Stone-related data including all measurements were retrieved from computed tomography prior to SWL. We estimated discrimination using area under the curve (AUC), calibration, and clinical net benefit based on decision curve analysis (DCA). A total of 384 patients with proximal ureter stones treated with SWL were included in the analysis. Median age was 55.5 years, and 282 (73%) of the sample were men. Median stone length was 8.0 mm. All models significantly predicted the SWL outcomes after one session. S3HoCKwave score, Niwa, and Kim nomograms had the highest accuracy in predicting outcomes, with AUC 0.716, 0.714 and 0.701, respectively. These three models outperformed both the Ng (AUC: 0.670) and Triple D (AUC: 0.667) scoring systems, approaching statistical significance (P = 0.05). Of all the models, the Niwa nomogram showed the strongest calibration and highest net benefit in DCA. To conclude, the models showed small differences in predictive power. The Niwa nomogram, however, demonstrated acceptable discrimination, the most accurate calibration, and the highest net benefit whilst having relatively simple design. Therefore, it could be useful for counselling patients with a solitary stone in the upper ureter.
Three‐Dimensional Digitalized Virtual Planning of Free Anterior Tibial Artery Perforator Flap for Repairing Soft Tissue Defects in Extremities
Authors: Shi Yan , Xu Yongqing , Fan Xinyu , Wang Teng , Su Yanting , Fang Xiang , Yang Xi , Fu Qichen , Luo Tianxian , He Xiaoqing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundTraditional research methods have limited the application of anterior tibial artery perforator flap due to incomplete knowledge of the perforator. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of three‐dimensional digitalized virtual planning of free anterior tibial artery perforator flap for repairing soft tissue defects in extremities.MethodsA total of 11 patients with soft tissue defects in extremities were included. The patient underwent computed tomography angiography (CTA) of bilateral lower limbs, and then the three‐dimensional models of bones, arteries, and skin were constructed. Septocutaneous perforators with appropriate length and diameter were selected to design anterior tibial artery perforator flaps in software, and the virtual flaps were superimposed onto the patient's donor site in a translucent state. During the operation, the flaps were dissected and anastomosed to the proximal blood vessel of the defects as designed.ResultsThree‐dimensional modeling showed clear anatomical relationships between bones, arteries, and skin. The origin, course, location, diameter, and length of the perforator obtained during the operation were consistent with those observed preoperatively. Eleven anterior tibial artery perforator flaps were successfully dissected and transplanted. Postoperative venous crisis occurred in one flap, partial epidermis necrosis occurred in another flap, while the remaining flaps completely survived. One flap was treated with debulking operation. The remaining flaps maintained aesthetic appearance, which did not affect the function of the affected limbs.ConclusionsThree‐dimensional digitalized technology can provide comprehensive information on anterior tibial artery perforators, thus assisting in planning and dissecting patient‐specific flaps for repairing soft tissue defects in extremities.
First report on biological iron uptake in the Antarctic sea-ice environment
Authors: Lannuzel Delphine , Fourquez Marion , de Jong Jeroen , Tison Jean-Louis , Delille Bruno , Schoemann Véronique 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMelting sea ice is a seasonal source of iron (Fe) to the Southern Ocean (SO), where Fe levels in surface waters are otherwise generally too low to support phytoplankton growth. However, the effectiveness of sea-ice Fe fertilization in stimulating SO primary production is unknown since no data exist on Fe uptake by microorganisms in the sea-ice environment. This study reports a unique dataset on Fe uptake rates, Fe-to-carbon (C) uptake ratio (Fe uptake normalized to C uptake) and Fe:C uptake rate (Fe uptake normalized to biomass) by in situ microbial communities inhabiting sea ice and the underlying seawater. Radioisotopes55Fe and14C were used in short-term uptake experiments during the 32-day Ice Station POLarstern (ISPOL) time series to evaluate the contributions of small (0.8–10 µm) and large (> 10 µm) microbes to Fe uptake. Overall, results show that over 90% of Fe was bound to the outside of the cells. Intracellular Fe (Feintra) uptake rates reached up to 68, 194, and 203 pmol Fe L−1d− 1in under-ice seawater, bottom ice, and top ice, respectively. Inorganic carbon uptake ranged between 0.03 and 3.2 µmol C L−1d−1, with the lowest rate observed in under-ice seawater. Importantly, between the start and end of ISPOL, we observed a 30-fold increase in Feintranormalized to carbon biomass in bottom sea ice. This trend was likely due to changes in the microbial community from a dominance of large diatoms at the start of the survey to small diatoms later in the season. As the Antarctic icescape and associated ecosystems are changing, this dataset will help inform the parameterisation of sea-ice biogeochemical and ecological models in ice-covered regions.
Diel niche partitioning of a plant-hummingbird network in the Atlantic forest of Brazil
Authors: Nieto Andrea , Wüest Rafael O. , Graham Catherine H. , Varassin Isabela G. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNiche partitioning is an important mechanism that allows species to coexist. Within mutualistic interaction networks, diel niche partitioning, i.e., partitioning of resources throughout the day, has been neglected. We explored diel niche partitioning of a plant-hummingbird network in the Brazilian Atlantic forest for nine months. To evaluate diel patterns of hummingbird visits and nectar production, we used time-lapse cameras on focal flowers and repeated nectar volume and concentration measures, respectively. Additionally, we measured flower abundance around focal flowers and flower morphological traits. We did not observe diel partitioning for either hummingbirds or plants. Instead, hummingbirds appeared to specialize in different plant species, consistent with trophic niche partitioning, potentially resulting from competition. In contrast, plant species that co-flowered and shared hummingbird visits produced nectar during similar times, consistent with facilitation. Our focus on the fine-scale temporal pattern revealed that plants and hummingbirds appear to have different strategies for promoting co-existence.
Physically enhanced training for modeling rate-independent plasticity with feedforward neural networks
Authors: Weber Patrick , Wagner Werner , Freitag Steffen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn recent years, a lot of progress has been made in the field of material modeling with artificial neural networks (ANNs). However, the following drawbacks persist to this day: ANNs need a large amount of data for the training process. This is not realistic, if real world experiments are intended to be used as data basis. Additionally, the application of ANN material models in finite element (FE) calculations is challenging because local material instabilities can lead to divergence within the solution algorithm. In this paper, we extend the approach of constrained neural network training from [28] to elasto-plastic material behavior, modeled by an incrementally defined feedforward neural network. Purely stress and strain dependent equality and inequality constraints are introduced, including material stability, stationarity, normalization, symmetry and the prevention of energy production. In the Appendices, we provide a comprehensive framework on how to implement these constraints in a gradient based optimization algorithm. We show, that ANN material models with training enhanced by physical constraints leads to a broader capture of the material behavior that underlies the given training data. This is especially the case, if a limited amount of data is available, which is important for a practical application. Furthermore, we show that these ANN models are superior to classically trained ANNs in FE computations when it comes to convergence behavior, stability, and physical interpretation of the results.
Construction of voting situations concordant with ranking patterns
Authors: De Santis Emilio , Spizzichino Fabio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractReferring to a standard context of voting theory, and to the classic notion of voting situation, here we show that it is possible to observe any arbitrary set of elections’ outcomes, no matter how paradoxical it may appear. In this respect, we consider a set of candidates $$1, 2, \ldots , m $$

1
,
2
,
…
,
m

and, for any subset A of $$\{1, 2, \ldots , m \}$$

{
1
,
2
,
…
,
m
}

, we fix a ranking among the candidates belonging to A. We wonder whether it is possible to find a population of voters whose preferences, expressed according to the Condorcet’s proposal, give rise to that family of rankings. We will show that, whatever be such family, a population of voters can be constructed that realize all the rankings of it. Our conclusions are similar to those coming from D. Saari’s results. Our results are, however, constructive and allow for the study of quantitative aspects of the wanted voters’ populations.
Fecal levels of SCFA and BCFA during capecitabine in patients with metastatic or unresectable colorectal cancer
Authors: Ziemons Janine , Aarnoutse Romy , Heuft Anne , Hillege Lars , Waelen Janneke , de Vos-Geelen Judith , Valkenburg-van Iersel Liselot , van Hellemond Irene E. G. , Creemers Geert-Jan M. , Baars Arnold , Vestjens Johanna H. M. J. , Penders John , Venema Koen , Smidt Marjolein L. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundGut bacteria-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA) are considered to have beneficial metabolic, anti-inflammatory as well as anti-carcinogenic effects. Previous preclinical studies indicated bidirectional interactions between gut bacteria and the chemotherapeutic capecitabine or its metabolite 5-FU. This study investigated the effect of three cycles of capecitabine on fecal SCFA and BCFA levels and their associations with tumor response, nutritional status, physical performance, chemotherapy-induced toxicity, systemic inflammation and bacterial abundances in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).MethodsForty-four patients with metastatic or unresectable CRC, scheduled for treatment with capecitabine (± bevacizumab), were prospectively enrolled. Patients collected a fecal sample and completed a questionnaire before (T1), during (T2) and after (T3) three cycles of capecitabine. Tumor response (CT/MRI scans), nutritional status (MUST score), physical performance (Karnofsky Performance Score) and chemotherapy-induced toxicity (CTCAE) were recorded. Additional data on clinical characteristics, treatment regimen, medical history and blood inflammatory parameters were collected. Fecal SCFA and BCFA concentrations were determined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Gut microbiota composition was assessed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.ResultsFecal levels of the SCFA valerate and caproate decreased significantly during three cycles of capecitabine. Furthermore, baseline levels of the BCFA iso-butyrate were associated with tumor response. Nutritional status, physical performance and chemotherapy-induced toxicity were not significantly associated with SCFA or BCFA. Baseline SCFA correlated positively with blood neutrophil counts. At all time points, we identified associations between SCFA and BCFA and the relative abundance of bacterial taxa on family level.ConclusionsThe present study provided first indications for a potential role of SCFA and BCFA during capecitabine treatment as well as implications for further research.Trial registrationThe current study was registered in the Dutch Trial Register (NTR6957) on 17/01/2018 and can be consulted via the International Clinical Trial Registry Platform (ICTRP).
A matheuristic for customized multi-level multi-criteria university timetabling
Authors: Dunke Fabian , Nickel Stefan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCourse timetables are the organizational foundation of a university’s educational program. While students and lecturers perceive timetable quality individually according to their preferences, there are also collective criteria derived normatively such as balanced workloads or idle time avoidance. A recent challenge and opportunity in curriculum-based timetabling consists of customizing timetables with respect to individual student preferences and with respect to integrating online courses as part of modern course programs or in reaction to flexibility requirements as posed in pandemic situations. Curricula consisting of (large) lectures and (small) tutorials further open the possibility for optimizing not only the lecture and tutorial plan for all students but also the assignments of individual students to tutorial slots. In this paper, we develop a multi-level planning process for university timetabling: On the tactical level, a lecture and tutorial plan is determined for a set of study programs; on the operational level, individual timetables are generated for each student interlacing the lecture plan through a selection of tutorials from the tutorial plan favoring individual preferences. We utilize this mathematical-programming-based planning process as part of a matheuristic which implements a genetic algorithm in order to improve lecture plans, tutorial plans, and individual timetables so as to find an overall university program with well-balanced timetable performance criteria. Since the evaluation of the fitness function amounts to invoking the entire planning process, we additionally provide a proxy in the form of an artificial neural network metamodel. Computational results exhibit the procedure’s capability of generating high quality schedules.
Turbulent Drag Reduction by Travelling Waves of Spanwise Lorentz Force
Authors: Yang Qiang , Chung Yongmann M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTravelling waves induced by spanwise Lorentz force for skin-friction drag reduction are studied in the present work using direct numerical simulations, with particular focus on the streamwise and spanwise travelling waves. The overall picture of drag reduction in the frequency-wavenumber parameter space, $$\omega -\kappa _x-\kappa _z$$

ω
-

κ
x

-

κ
z

is uncovered. It is found that both drag reduction maps for the streamwise and spanwise travelling waves are featured with a drag reduction ($$\mathcal{D}\mathcal{R}$$

D
R

) region and a drag increase ($$\mathcal{D}\mathcal{I}$$

D
I

) region. For the streamwise travelling wave of spanwise Lorentz force, the $$\mathcal{D}\mathcal{R}$$

D
R

and $$\mathcal{D}\mathcal{I}$$

D
I

regions are located in the same parameter regime compared to that of the streamwise travelling wave of spanwise wall velocity, while for the spanwise travelling wave, the $$\mathcal{D}\mathcal{R}$$

D
R

variation at any fixed $$\kappa _z$$

κ
z

is similar to that of spanwise oscillating Lorentz force. An exploration of the oblique travelling wave with an angle to the mean flow shows that the optimal drag reduction appears when the wave travels backward relative to the flow direction, and the "ribbon" structure is a general phenomenon appearing in all oblique travelling wave cases. The ensemble averaged positive and negative quasi-streamwise vortices become asymmetric when the travelling wave is imposed, and the near-wall high- and low-speed streaks are significantly tilted in the spanwise direction. Spanwise oscillation, streamwise and spanwise travelling waves share strong similarity in the statistics, energy spectra as well as turbulent structure modulation.
Dual Contraceptive Method Utilization and Associated Factors Among HIV Positive Women Attending ART Clinic in Finote-Selam Hospital: Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Jemberie Anteneh , Aynalem Bewket Yeserah , Zeleke Liknaw Bewket , Alemu Addisu Alehegn , Tiruye Tenaw Yimer 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWorldwide, the human immune deficiency virus is the leading cause of death for women of childbearing age. Around two-thirds of all pregnant women living with the human immune deficiency virus experience an unintended pregnancy. The correct and consistent use of dual contraceptive methods is important to prevent unintended pregnancy and transmission of sexually transmitted infections. However, little is known about the utilization of dual contraceptive methods among HIV-infected women. Thus, this study aimed to assess dual contraceptive utilization and associated factors among HIV-positive women attending antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Finote Selam Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Facility-based cross-sectional study design was conducted from September 1 to October 30, 2019, in Finote Selam Hospital among HIV-positive women. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select study participants and the data were gathered by an interviewer-administered structured pretested questionnaire. Factors associated with dual contraceptive use were identified through binary logistic regression. Finally, a p-value < 0.05 was taken as a cutoff point to declare a significant association, and the direction and strength of the association were determined by the adjusted odds ratio. The study showed that 21.8% of HIV-positive women attending ART care in Finote Selam Hospital utilize dual contraceptive methods. Dual contraceptive utilization was significantly associated with having a child (AOR: 3.29; CI 1.45, 7.47), having family support to use dual contraceptives (AOR: 3.02; CI 1.39, 6.54), having multiple sexual partners (AOR: 0.11; CI 0.05, 0.22), and urban residence (AOR: 3.64; 1.82, 7.3). The study revealed that low utilization of dual contraceptive methods. This will continue major public health problems in the study area unless future interventions conducted.
The Influence of CSR Orientation on Innovative Performance: Is the Effect Conditioned to the Implementation of Organizational Practices?
Authors: Anzola-Román Paula , Garcia-Marco Teresa , Zouaghi Ferdaous 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPrevious research has examined the relationship between CSR and innovation and has suggested that the former might positively affect the latter; however, the impact of CSR on innovation success needs further attention. This study aims to develop a deeper understanding of how environmental and social CSR are related to innovation performance and whether the implementation of organizational practices might moderate this relationship. The results are based on an unbalanced panel of 14,313 observations of 3713 firms covering 2011–2015. Using random-effects probit models and the estimation of average marginal effects (AMEs), this paper contributes to the literature on CSR by explaining how CSR dimensions affect innovation success differently and by addressing how this effect is influenced by organizational innovation. The results show that while environmental CSR orientation proves beneficial for the generation of process innovation, social CSR orientation contributes to the generation of both kinds of technological innovations only when internal organizational practices are implemented. This study provides valuable insights for managers aiming to implement a CSR perspective in their strategies to support the pursuit of innovation.
Predictors of coronary artery injury after orbital atherectomy as assessed by optical coherence tomography
Authors: Lee Tetsumin , Ashikaga Takashi , Nozato Toshihiro , Kaneko Masakazu , Miyazaki Ryoichi , Okata Shinichiro , Nagase Masashi , Horie Tomoki , Terui Mao , Kishigami Tetsuya , Nagata Yasutoshi , Misawa Toru , Taomoto Yuta , Kachi Daigo , Naito Michihito , Yonetsu Taishi , Sasano Tetsuo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPurpose: The association between the extent of the wire and device bias as assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the healthy portion of the vessel and the risk of coronary artery injury after orbital atherectomy (OA) has not been fully elucidated. Thus, purpose of this study is to investigate the association between pre-OA OCT findings and post-OA coronary artery injury by OCT. Methods: We enrolled 148 de novo lesions having calcified lesion required OA (max Ca angle > 90°) in 135 patients who underwent both pre- and post-OA OCT. In pre-OA OCT, OCT catheter contact angle and the presence or absences of guide-wire (GW) contact with the normal vessel intima were assessed. Also, in post-OA OCT, we assessed there was post-OA coronary artery injury (OA injury), defined as disappearance of both of intima and medial wall of normal vessel, or not. Results: OA injury was found in 19 lesions (13%). Pre-PCI OCT catheter contact angle with the normal coronary artery was significantly larger (median 137°; inter quartile range [IQR] 113–169 vs. median 0°; IQR 0–0, P < 0.001) and more GW contact with the normal vessel was found (63% vs. 8%, P < 0.001). Pre-PCI OCT catheter contact angle > 92° and GW contact with the normal vessel intima were associated with post-OA vascular injury (Both: 92% (11/12), Either: 32% (8/25), Neither: 0% (0/111), P < 0.001). Conclusion: Pre-PCI OCT findings, such as catheter contact angle > 92° and guide-wire contact to the normal coronary artery, were associated with post-OA coronary artery injury.
Coronary X-ray angiography segmentation using Artificial Intelligence: a multicentric validation study of a deep learning model
Authors: Nobre Menezes Miguel , Silva João Lourenço , Silva Beatriz , Rodrigues Tiago , Guerreiro Cláudio , Guedes João Pedro , Santos Manuel Oliveira , Oliveira Arlindo L. , Pinto Fausto J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Introduction
We previously developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model for automatic coronary angiography (CAG) segmentation, using deep learning. To validate this approach, the model was applied to a new dataset and results are reported.

Methods
Retrospective selection of patients undergoing CAG and percutaneous coronary intervention or invasive physiology assessment over a one month period from four centers. A single frame was selected from images containing a lesion with a 50–99% stenosis (visual estimation). Automatic Quantitative Coronary Analysis (QCA) was performed with a validated software. Images were then segmented by the AI model. Lesion diameters, area overlap [based on true positive (TP) and true negative (TN) pixels] and a global segmentation score (GSS – 0 -100 points) - previously developed and published - were measured.

Results
123 regions of interest from 117 images across 90 patients were included. There were no significant differences between lesion diameter, percentage diameter stenosis and distal border diameter between the original/segmented images. There was a statistically significant albeit minor difference [0,19 mm (0,09–0,28)] regarding proximal border diameter. Overlap accuracy ((TP + TN)/(TP + TN + FP + FN)), sensitivity (TP / (TP + FN)) and Dice Score (2TP / (2TP + FN + FP)) between original/segmented images was 99,9%, 95,1% and 94,8%, respectively. The GSS was 92 (87–96), similar to the previously obtained value in the training dataset.

Conclusion
the AI model was capable of accurate CAG segmentation across multiple performance metrics, when applied to a multicentric validation dataset. This paves the way for future research on its clinical uses.