bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monocular free-head gaze tracking method for driving electric sickbed
Authors: Hu Jiahui , Lu Yonghua , Zhang Jinhai , Xu Jiajun , Yang Haozheng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Building a free-head gaze tracking model with high accuracy, simple equipment, and not limited to wearing glasses is a challenge. In this paper, a monocular free-head gaze-tracking method based on machine learning are proposed. Two lightweight, high-precision and real-time gaze-tracking models are constructed, which can measure the 2D gaze point and 3D gaze direction respectively. In addition, we combined our gaze-tracking technology with electric sickbed to create an eye-gaze control based electric sickbed system that allows the patient to control the sickbed with their eyes. The experimental results show that the measurement errors of the two models on the MPIIGaze dataset are 4.84 cm and 4.8∘ respectively. After commissioning, user feedback has shown that this eye-gaze controlled electric sickbed system can enhance the lives of patients.
Feature fusion-based fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing signal identification method
Authors: Wang Xiaodong , Wang Chang , Zhang Faxiang , Jiang Shaodong , Sun Zhihui , Zhang Hongyu , Duan Zhenhui , Liu Zhaoying 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) systems based on phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflection technology have been widely used for perimeter security and oil and gas pipeline safety monitoring. To address the problem of low recognition accuracy of high-sampling-rate long-sequence signal data (length greater than or equal to 1000 points) collected by the DAS system, we propose a CDIL-CBAM-BiLSTM network model based on feature fusion. The model uses a modified circular dilated convolutional neural network to extract detailed temporal structure information from each signal node, and combines it with bidirectional long short-term memory network using feature fusion to dig deeper into the data. Meanwhile, a convolutional block attention module was introduced to improve the model performance. The experimental results based on 5040 training samples and 2160 test samples show that the proposed model can achieve an average recognition accuracy of more than 99

%

for six real disturbance events under perimeter security scenarios, and the recognition time was less than 2 ms. In addition, our method achieved the highest recognition accuracy compared with other methods used in the experiments and can be extended to other areas, such as pipeline safety monitoring and industrial inspection measurements.
Engineering phase and density of Bose–Einstein condensates in curved waveguides with toroidal topology
Authors: Nikolaieva Yelyzaveta , Salasnich Luca , Yakimenko Alexander 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We investigate the effects of ellipticity-induced curvature on atomic Bose–Einstein condensates confined in quasi-one-dimensional closed-loop waveguides. Our theoretical study reveals intriguing phenomena arising from the interplay between curvature and interactions. Density modulations are observed in regions of high curvature, but these modulations are suppressed by strong repulsive interactions. Additionally, we observe phase accumulation in regions with the lowest curvature when the waveguide with superflow has high eccentricity. Furthermore, waveguides hosting vortices exhibit dynamic transformations between states with different angular momenta. These findings provide insights into the behavior of atomic condensates in curved waveguides, with implications for fundamental physics and quantum technologies. The interplay between curvature and interactions offers opportunities for exploring novel quantum phenomena and engineering quantum states in confined geometries.
Impact of rare earth oxide on ZnFe2O4: structural, magnetic properties, and hyperthermia efficiency
Authors: Roumaih Kh , Ali I A , Hussein Shaban I 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
ZnFe2O4/Yb2O3 (ZF/Yb) and ZnFe2O4/Sm2O3 (ZF/Sm) were prepared by the sol–gel method. XRD pattern of sample ZF shows a clear cubic spinel structure (space group fd-3m). The XRD confirmed the presence of ZF along with Yb in the ZF/Yb. In the case of ZF/Sm, the raw materials interact with each other and produce ZF alongside ZnO and SmFeO3. The SEM and TEM indicate that all compounds were at the nanoscale. The particle size for ZF is 19.6 nm, and those for ZF/Yb and ZF/SM are 29.5 nm and 30.7nm, respectively. A vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) confirmed the ferrimagnetic ordering of these samples. A distinct, potent, sweeping, and asymmetric line was observed in the X-band electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra of all samples. The VSM and ESR show that the internal interactions between ZF and rare earth oxides, and the particle size play a role in the magnetic properties. The specific absorption rate (SAR) parameters showed that the temperature increased linearly with time, and in only 25 s, the temperature reached 45 °C for the ZF sample.
Analysis of a regional metrology organization key comparison: model-based unilateral degrees of equivalence
Authors: Cox Maurice , Shirono Katsuhiro 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A statistical testing method is developed to analyze a Regional Metrology Organization (RMO) key comparison (KC) with linking to the corresponding KC conducted by the International Committee of Weights and Measures (CIPM). We establish a statistical model to which a generalized least-squares method is applied to determine a linking invariant, ensuring that the CIPM KC reference value is unchanged by the analysis. The proposed method generally gives different unilateral and bilateral degrees of equivalence (DOEs) from those assessed by other methods. The approach accounts for uncertainty information provided by all participating laboratories and correlation information provided by the linking laboratories. Since decisions are made on the basis of calculated DOEs, we emphasize that it is valuable to have adequate knowledge of the properties of methods used for analyzing the results from an RMO KC.
The ink-jet printed flexible interdigital capacitors: manufacturing and ageing tests
Authors: Kiliszkiewicz Milena , Jasińska Laura , Dziedzic Andrzej 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Correct operation of electronic circuits (including those made with the ink-jet printing technique) requires the electrical parameters of the structures to be constant or to be changeable, but in a predictable way. Due to that, the flexible, ink-jet printed interdigital capacitors (IDSs) were made and then tested in various conditions. We used the conductive silver-based Amepox AX JP-60n ink. As a substrate, we chose the transparent, flexible Melinex OD foil with a thickness of 125 µm. The IDCs were designed and their capacitances were simulated using Comsol Multiphysics Software. Then the test structures were fabricated by the ink-jet printing process using Dimatix DMP 2831 printer. The printed structures were subjected to environmental exposures in a climate chamber to check the influence of temperature and humidity on the tested samples. The IDCs were also subjected to cyclic bending and straightening tests to analyze the outflow of tensile forces on the printed structures, which are exposed to the common factors, that could diminish the quality of the printed and flexible devices. Due to the small capacitance values of the designed and made IDSs, the measurements showed the key importance of the measuring table on which flexible substrates with IDC capacitors were placed for their capacitance value. Performed tests also demonstrated that in most cases, the capacitors are characterized by an increase in capacitance by a few to a dozen or so % after the ageing tests. Obtained results could be a good groundwork for further research, that will include ways of preventing the creation of discontinuities—or minimizing their impact on the printed device performance.
Femtosecond laser direct writing of functional stimulus-responsive structures and applications
Authors: Zhang Yuxuan , Wu Dong , Zhang Yachao , Bian Yucheng , Wang Chaowei , Li Jiawen , Chu Jiaru , Hu Yanlei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Diverse natural organisms possess stimulus-responsive structures to adapt to the surrounding environment. Inspired by nature, researchers have developed various smart stimulus-responsive structures with adjustable properties and functions to address the demands of ever-changing application environments that are becoming more intricate. Among many fabrication methods for stimulus-responsive structures, femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW) has received increasing attention because of its high precision, simplicity, true three-dimensional machining ability, and wide applicability to almost all materials. This paper systematically outlines state-of-the-art research on stimulus-responsive structures prepared by FsLDW. Based on the introduction of femtosecond laser-matter interaction and mainstream FsLDW-based manufacturing strategies, different stimulating factors that can trigger structural responses of prepared intelligent structures, such as magnetic field, light, temperature, pH, and humidity, are emphatically summarized. Various applications of functional structures with stimuli-responsive dynamic behaviors fabricated by FsLDW, as well as the present obstacles and forthcoming development opportunities, are discussed.
Multiple highly expressed phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase genes have divergent enzyme kinetic properties in two C4 grasses
Authors: DiMario Robert J , Kophs Ashley N , Apalla Anthony J A , Schnable James N , Cousins Asaph B 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background and Aims
Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxylase (PEPC) catalyses the irreversible carboxylation of PEP with bicarbonate to produce oxaloacetate. This reaction powers the carbon-concentrating mechanism (CCM) in plants that perform C4 photosynthesis. This CCM is generally driven by a single PEPC gene product that is highly expressed in the cytosol of mesophyll cells. We found two C4 grasses, Panicum miliaceum and Echinochloa colona, that each have two highly expressed PEPC genes. We characterized the kinetic properties of the two most abundant PEPCs in E. colona and P. miliaceum to better understand how the enzyme’s amino acid structure influences its function.

Methods
Coding sequences of the two most abundant PEPC proteins in E. colona and P. miliaceum were synthesized by GenScript and were inserted into bacteria expression plasmids. Point mutations resulting in substitutions at conserved amino acid residues (e.g. N-terminal serine and residue 890) were created via site-directed PCR mutagenesis. The kinetic properties of semi-purified plant PEPCs from Escherichia coli were analysed using membrane-inlet mass spectrometry and a spectrophotometric enzyme-coupled reaction.

Key Results
The two most abundant P. miliaceum PEPCs (PmPPC1 and PmPPC2) have similar sequence identities (&gt;95 %), and as a result had similar kinetic properties. The two most abundant E. colona PEPCs (EcPPC1 and EcPPC2) had identities of ~78 % and had significantly different kinetic properties. The PmPPCs and EcPPCs had different responses to allosteric inhibitors and activators, and substitutions at the conserved N-terminal serine and residue 890 resulted in significantly altered responses to allosteric regulators.

Conclusions
The two, significantly expressed C4Ppc genes in P. miliaceum were probably the result of genomes combining from two closely related C4Panicum species. We found natural variation in PEPC’s sensitivity to allosteric inhibition that seems to bypass the conserved 890 residue, suggesting alternative evolutionary pathways for increased malate tolerance and other kinetic properties.
Abnormal higher-order network interactions in Parkinson’s disease visual hallucinations
Authors: Tan Joshua B , Müller Eli J , Orlando Isabella F , Taylor Natasha L , Margulies Daniel S , Szeto Jennifer , Lewis Simon J G , Shine James M , O’Callaghan Claire 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Visual hallucinations in Parkinson’s disease can be viewed from a systems-level perspective, whereby dysfunctional communication between brain networks responsible for perception predisposes a person to hallucinate. To this end, abnormal functional interactions between higher-order and primary sensory networks have been implicated in the pathophysiology of visual hallucinations in Parkinson’s disease, however the precise signatures remain to be determined. Dimensionality reduction techniques offer a novel means for simplifying the interpretation of multidimensional brain imaging data, identifying hierarchical patterns in the data that are driven by both within- and between-functional network changes. Here, we applied two complementary non-linear dimensionality reduction techniques—diffusion-map embedding and t-distributed stochastic neighbour embedding (t-SNE)—to resting state functional MRI data, in order to characterize the altered functional hierarchy associated with susceptibility to visual hallucinations.
Our study involved 77 people with Parkinson’s disease (31 with hallucinations; 46 without hallucinations) and 19 age-matched healthy control subjects. In patients with visual hallucinations, we found compression of the unimodal-heteromodal gradient consistent with increased functional integration between sensory and higher order networks. This was mirrored in a traditional functional connectivity analysis, which showed increased connectivity between the visual and default mode networks in the hallucinating group. Together, these results suggest a route by which higher-order regions may have excessive influence over earlier sensory processes, as proposed by theoretical models of hallucinations across disorders. By contrast, the t-SNE analysis identified distinct alterations in prefrontal regions, suggesting an additional layer of complexity in the functional brain network abnormalities implicated in hallucinations, which was not apparent in traditional functional connectivity analyses.
Together, the results confirm abnormal brain organization associated with the hallucinating phenotype in Parkinson’s disease and highlight the utility of applying convergent dimensionality reduction techniques to investigate complex clinical symptoms. In addition, the patterns we describe in Parkinson’s disease converge with those seen in other conditions, suggesting that reduced hierarchical differentiation across sensory-perceptual systems may be a common transdiagnostic vulnerability in neuropsychiatric disorders with perceptual disturbances.
Development and Validation of a Method for Trace Level Zinc Quantification in Pharmaceutical Zinc Supplements Using a Carboxyl Functional Group Packed Column and Refractive Index Detector
Authors: Vanga Nagavardhana Reddy , Kesamsetty Venkata Ratnam , Ummiti Kumaraswamy , Ratnakaram Venkata Nadh , Bapatu Hanimi Reddy 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Zinc helps with cell division, growth, wound healing, and carbohydrate breakdown. Humanbeings have to obtain zinc from food or supplements because our bodies do not produce it naturally. In view of the greater advantages (such as low cost, time of analysis, and stability-indicating) compared to other quantification methods (titration, ion chromatography, Atomic absorption spectroscopy) proposed in the literature, a refractive index detector coupled with HPLC has been used in quantification of zinc.

Objective
The goal of this research is to develop and validate a sensitive, low-cost, high-resolution, and stability- indicating method for detecting and quantifying zinc levels in zinc supplement pharmaceutical products (injectables, tablets, and capsules).

Methods
A novel isocratic reverse-phase HPLC method with a refractive index detector (with sensitivity 64, detector temperature 35°C, and positive polarity) was developed using a carboxyl functional group packed column and 0.8% (v/v) formic acid as the mobile phase to detect and quantify zinc content.

Results
The reported method has a good optimal sensitivity (LOQ: 0.006 mg/mL and LOD: 0.002 mg/mL). The correlation coefficient (r) obtained from the zinc calibration plot was greater than 0.998, indicating that the method was linear and that there was a strong correlation between zinc concentration (0.006 mg/mL to 0.375 mg/mL) and peak response. The accuracy at LOQ level was found to be 95–105% and 97–103% at the remaining levels (50, 100, and 150%).

Conclusion
The proposed method was successfully developed and validated as per International council for harmonisation (ICH) guidelines. Therefore, this method can be used for the quantitative testing of zinc in the QC laboratory.

Highlights
A novel method was developed for zinc levels determination in pharmaceutical products using HPLC with a refractive index detector. The present approach has a quick run time of 10 min and is inexpensive.
Biosynthesis, enzymology, and future of eunicellane diterpenoids
Authors: Li Zining , Rudolf Jeffrey D 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Eunicellane diterpenoids are a remarkable family of terpene natural products and have been of high interest for over five decades. Widely distributed in soft corals and rare in plants, eunicellanes were also recently identified in actinobacteria. These terpenoids have foundational 6/10-bicyclic frameworks that are frequently oxidized into structures containing transannular ether bridges. Interest in their unique structures and promising biological activities, such as the paclitaxel-like activities of eleutherobin and the sarcodictyins, has led to advancements in natural product isolation, total synthesis, medicinal chemistry, and drug lead development. Until recently, however, there was little known about the biosynthesis and enzymology of these natural products, but several recent studies in both bacteria and coral have opened up the field. This review summarizes recent advancements in the biosynthesis and enzymology of eunicellane diterpenoids and highlights future research prospects in the field.

One-Sentence Summary
A summary of recent advancements in the biosynthesis and enzymology of eunicellane diterpenoids, a structurally unique and biologically active family of natural products found in coral, plants, and bacteria.
Molecular features of prostate cancer after neoadjuvant therapy in the phase 3 CALGB 90203 trial
Authors: Sumiyoshi Takayuki , Wang Xiaofei , Warner Evan W , Sboner Andrea , Annala Matti , Sigouros Michael , Beja Kevin , Mizuno Kei , Ku Shengyu , Fazli Ladan , Eastham James , Taplin Mary-Ellen , Simko Jeffrey , Halabi Susan , Morris Michael J , Gleave Martin E , Wyatt Alexander W , Beltran Himisha 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
The phase 3 CALGB 90203 (Alliance) trial evaluated neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy for high-risk localized prostate cancer before radical prostatectomy. We dissected the molecular features of post-treated tumors with long-term clinical outcomes to explore mechanisms of response and resistance to chemohormonal therapy.

Methods
We evaluated 471 radical prostatectomy tumors, including 294 samples from 166 patients treated with 6 cycles of docetaxel plus androgen deprivation therapy before radical prostatectomy and 177 samples from 97 patients in the control arm (radical prostatectomy alone). Targeted DNA sequencing and RNA expression of tumor foci and adjacent noncancer regions were analyzed in conjunction with pathologic changes and clinical outcomes.

Results
Tumor fraction estimated from DNA sequencing was significantly lower in post-treated tumor tissues after chemohormonal therapy compared with controls. Higher tumor fraction after chemohormonal therapy was associated with aggressive pathologic features and poor outcomes, including prostate-specific antigen–progression-free survival. SPOP alterations were infrequently detected after chemohormonal therapy, while TP53 alterations were enriched and associated with shorter overall survival. Residual tumor fraction after chemohormonal therapy was linked to higher expression of androgen receptor–regulated genes, cell cycle genes, and neuroendocrine genes, suggesting persistent populations of active prostate cancer cells. Supervised clustering of post–treated high-tumor-fraction tissues identified a group of patients with elevated cell cycle–related gene expression and poor clinical outcomes.

Conclusions
Distinct recurrent prostate cancer genomic and transcriptomic features are observed after exposure to docetaxel and androgen deprivation therapy. Tumor fraction assessed by DNA sequencing quantifies pathologic response and could be a useful trial endpoint or prognostic biomarker. TP53 alterations and high cell cycle transcriptomic activity are linked to aggressive residual disease, despite potent chemohormonal therapy.
Large-Scale Cretaceous Adakitic Magmatism Induced by Water-Fluxed Melting of Continental Crust during the North China Craton Destruction
Authors: Xue Shuo , Zhang Wanzhu , Ling Ming-Xing , Sun Weidong , Ding Xing 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
The mechanism behind the destabilization of the North China Craton (NCC) remains a contentious topic among researchers. Large-scale Cretaceous adakitic magmatism in the NCC offers insights into the decratonization process. This study focuses on the Huashan and Laoniushan plutons located in the Lesser Qinling on the southern margin of the NCC and compiles published data for coeval adakitic rocks to investigate the role of water in adakitic rock petrogenesis during the peak destruction of NCC. Both the Huashan and Laoniushan plutons exhibit adakitic signatures, including high Sr (193–1080 ppm), low Yb (&lt;14.8 ppm) and Y (&lt;1.24 ppm) concentrations, as well as high Sr/Y (18–100) and La/Yb (24–58) ratios. The zircon Hf–O isotope compositions suggest that the primary source for the Huashan and Laoniushan plutons is the mafic lower crust of NCC. Nevertheless, there are significant differences in trace element characteristics between the two plutons. Specifically, the Huashan pluton displays higher Na2O/K2O ratios, lower levels of Rb, Rb/Sr, Nb, Ta content, and a weak Eu anomaly in comparison to the Laoniushan pluton. These variations in geochemical attributes cannot be accounted for by mechanisms like mantle-derived magma mixing, crustal contamination, or fractional crystallization processes. Instead, these disparities are attributed to distinct modes of crustal anatexis, involving both water-fluxed and dehydration melting. Subsequently, we conducted thermodynamic simulations of the melting process of mafic lower crust under different pressure (0.5–1.5 GPa) and water content conditions (1–3 wt.%). The simulation results suggest that the Huashan pluton is most likely formed through water-fluxed melting in a scenario with normal crustal thickness (1 GPa). On the other hand, the Laoniushan pluton might have originated from dehydration melting under normal crustal thickness and pressure conditions. Notably, high pressure (&gt;1.5 GPa) is not necessary for the formation of intracontinental adakitic rocks. The release of water from metasomatized lithospheric mantle and subsequent hydration of the lower continental crust triggers extensive adakitic magmatism in the NCC. These findings emphasize the significance of deep water cycling in understanding large-scale magmatic events and illuminate the decratonization mechanism.