bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
La réduction du risque d’infection périnatale chez les nouveau-nés de mères dont les soins prénatals étaient inappropriés
Authors: Bitnun Ari , Sauvé Laura , Fanella Sergio 
Published: July 2023

Résumé
Le risque que des infections maternelles ne soient ni décelées ni traitées augmente lorsque les soins prénatals sont inappropriés, ce qui met la santé de la mère et de son nouveau-né à risque. Lorsqu’une femme enceinte se présente tardivement pour recevoir des soins, les tests systématiques qui influent sur la prise en charge du nouveau-né devraient inclure l’antigène de surface de l’hépatite B (AgHBs), la sérologie du virus de l’hépatite C (VHC), du virus de l’immunodéficience humaine (VIH) et de la syphilis, de même que le dépistage de la Chlamydia trachomatis et de la Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Si la mère ne s’est pas soumise aux dépistages avant ou après l’accouchement et qu’elle n’est pas disponible pour s’y soumettre, il faudrait procéder au dépistage du VIH, du virus de l’hépatite B (VHB), du VHC et de la syphilis chez le nouveau-né. Le dépistage de la C. trachomatis et de la N. gonorrhoeae est toutefois réservé aux cas où le nouveau-né démontre des manifestations cliniques compatibles avec ces infections. Il est optimal d’obtenir rapidement les résultats du dépistage du VIH, du VHB et de la syphilis, car l’utilisation des traitements préventifs est circonscrite dans le temps. Il existe des interventions préventives précoces et efficaces pour les nouveau-nés à risque de VIH, de VHB, de syphilis ou de gonorrhée. Un suivi clinique étroit et des tests de suivi s’imposent auprès des nouveau-nés de mères dont les soins prénatals étaient inappropriés, car il est impossible d’exclure pleinement toutes les infections pendant la période périnatale.
Neural substrates of behavioral inhibitory control during the two-choice oddball task: functional neuroimaging evidence
Authors: Zhao Shirui , Yuan Ruosong , Gao Wei , Liu Qiang , Yuan Jiajin 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Behavioral inhibitory control (BIC) depicts a cognitive function of inhibiting inappropriate dominant responses to meet the context requirement. Despite abundant research into neural substrates of BIC during the go/no-go and stop signal tasks, these tasks were consistently shown hard to isolate neural processes of response inhibition, which is of primary interest, from those of response generation. Therefore, it is necessary to explore neural substrates of BIC using the two-choice oddball (TCO) task, whose design of dual responses is thought to produce an inhibition effect free of the confounds of response generation.

Objective
The current study aims at depicting neural substrates of performing behavioral inhibitory control in the two-choice oddball task, which designs dual responses to balance response generation. Also, neural substrates of performing BIC during this task are compared with those in the go/no-go task, which designs a motor response in a single condition.

Methods
The present study integrated go/no-go (GNG) and TCO tasks into a new Three-Choice BIC paradigm, which consists of standard (75%), deviant (12.5%), and no-go (12.5%) conditions simultaneously. Forty-eight college students participated in this experiment, which required them to respond to standard (frequent) and deviant stimuli by pressing different keys, while inhibiting motor response to no-go stimuli. Conjunction analysis and ROI (region of interest) analysis were adopted to identify the unique neural mechanisms that subserve the processes of BIC.

Results
Both tasks are effective in assessing BIC function, reflected by the significantly lower accuracy of no-go compared to standard condition in GNG, and the significantly lower accuracy and longer reaction time of deviant compared to standard condition in TCO. However, there were no significant differences between deviant and no-go conditions in accuracy. Moreover, functional neuroimaging has demonstrated that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) activation was observed for no-go vs. standard contrast in the GNG task, but not in deviant vs. standard contrast in the TCO task, suggesting that ACC involvement is not a necessary component of BIC. Second, ROI analysis of areas that were co-activated in TCO and GNG showed co-activations in the right inferior frontal cortex (triangle and orbital), with the signals in the TCO task significantly higher than those in the GNG task.

Conclusions
These findings show that the designed responses to both standard and deviant stimuli in the TCO task, compared to the GNG task, produced a more prominent prefrontal inhibitory processing and extinguished an unnecessary component of ACC activation during BIC. This implies that prefrontal involvement, but not that of ACC, is mandatory for the successful performance of inhibiting prepotent behaviors.
Wealth and the Transition to Motherhood
Authors: Su Jessica Houston , Addo Fenaba R 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Wealth, a significant dimension of inequality that captures both financial security and social position, shapes patterns of family formation. This study evaluates the role of wealth in the transition to motherhood. We argue that wealth is particularly relevant to when women become mothers, and whether their first birth is desired or undesired. Leveraging longitudinal panel data from the NLSY79 (n=2,382), we find that net worth is linked with a higher risk of a desired first birth and lower risk of an undesired first birth in the subsequent year. These countervailing effects are obscured when desired and undesired births are combined. Our study adds another important dimension to existing research by highlighting the distinct effects of both assets and debts, components of net worth that are typically obscured in aggregate measures. This analysis reveals that having financial assets, such as a savings account, are associated with a lower risk of undesired first birth in the next year, while unsecured consumer debts, such as credit cards, are associated with a lower risk of desired first births in the subsequent year. Our findings have important implications for social stratification in family formation given rising wealth inequality among families with children.
A three-pronged lesson in differential equations in a calculus course: analytical, numerical and experimental
Authors: Chow Amenda N , Harrington Peter D , Leung Fok-Shuen 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Physical experiments in classrooms have many benefits for student learning, including increased student interest, participation and knowledge retention. While experiments are common in engineering and physics classes, they are seldom used in first-year calculus, where the focus is on solving problems analytically and, occasionally, numerically. In this paper, we detail a three-pronged lesson introducing differential equations using analytical, numerical and experimental approaches in a large first-year differential calculus course. Presenting the three approaches in succession allows students to evaluate advantages and disadvantages. The lesson incorporates software and programming and provides opportunities for active, experiential, team-based learning.
Tolerance against exposure to solution of magnesium perchlorate in microinvertebrates
Authors: Kayastha Pushpalata , Rzymski Piotr , Gołdyn Bartłomiej , Nagwani Amit Kumar , Fiałkowska Edyta , Pajdak-Stós Agnieszka , Sobkowiak Robert , Robotnikowski Gracjan , Kaczmarek Łukasz 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Perchlorates are present at high concentrations in Martian regolith and pose an additional challenge to the survival of terrestrial life on Mars. Some microinvertebrates can resist extreme conditions (e.g. low temperatures, lack of oxygen and radiation), making them suitable model species for space experiments. Clarification of whether they can tolerate high levels of perchlorates is crucial for understanding the scope of application of small invertebrates in Mars exploration. We assessed the activity of some Crustacea, Nematoda, Rotifera and Tardigrada exposed to 0.25–1.00% magnesium perchlorate. The number of active specimens decreased with exposure time and perchlorate concentration. However, exposure of selected species to 0.25% perchlorate for 24 or 72 h showed activity in some specimens. Only Caenorhabditis elegans, Lecane inermis and Artemia salina exhibited activity after 24 h exposure to 1.00% perchlorate. Lecane inermis was the only species to remain active after 72 h of incubation with 1.00% perchlorate. Transferring specimens to distilled water after perchlorate exposure generally resulted in high recovery rates. The study indicates that all the tested invertebrates resist extremely high concentrations of perchlorates, which has implications for further research on their potential use in development of biological systems with improved performance and utility on Mars.
FISHing for Rickettsia in tardigrades: additional evidence for tardigrade endosymbionts
Authors: Tibbs-Cortes Bienvenido W , Schultz Dylan L , Tibbs-Cortes Laura E , Schmitz-Esser Stephan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Many ecdysozoans harbour endosymbiotic bacteria within their microbiota, and these endosymbionts can have a range of positive and negative effects on their hosts. Recent 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing studies have provided evidence for endosymbionts within the tardigrade microbiota. In a previous amplicon study, we determined that sequences corresponding to the endosymbiotic genus Rickettsia were significantly more associated with tardigrades than with the substrate from which they were isolated. Here, we performed fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a Rickettsia-specific probe, RickB1, to determine if Rickettsia could be found in tardigrades. RickB1 and a probe targeting most bacteria, EUB338, colocalized within tardigrade tissues, indicating the presence of Rickettsia. We also performed FISH using RickB1 and a nonsense probe, which allowed us to distinguish between false-positives and true positives. This method revealed RickB1 signals in tardigrades that were not due to erroneous probe binding, providing further evidence that Rickettsia is present in tardigrades. Future research will be necessary to determine the effects, if any, of these endosymbionts on their tardigrade hosts.
Blockade of the mineralocorticoid receptor improves markers of human endothelial cell dysfunction and hematological indices in a mouse model of sickle cell disease
Authors: Rivera Alicia , Vega Christopher , Ramos‐Rivera Arelys , Maldonado Enrique R. , Prado Gregory N. , Karnes Hope E. , Fesko Yuri A. , Snyder L. Michael , Alper Seth L. , Romero Jose R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIncreased endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) levels in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) and transgenic mouse models of SCD contribute to disordered hematological, vascular, and inflammatory responses. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) activation by aldosterone, a critical component of the Renin‐Angiotensin‐Aldosterone‐System, modulates inflammation and vascular reactivity, partly through increased ET‐1 expression. However, the role of MR in SCD remains unclear. We hypothesized that MR blockade in transgenic SCD mice would reduce ET‐1 levels, improve hematological parameters, and reduce inflammation. Berkeley SCD (BERK) mice, a model of severe SCD, were randomized to either sickle standard chow or chow containing the MR antagonist (MRA), eplerenone (156 mg/Kg), for 14 days. We found that MRA treatment reduced ET‐1 plasma levels (p = .04), improved red cell density gradient profile (D50; p < .002), and increased mean corpuscular volume in both erythrocytes (p < .02) and reticulocytes (p < .024). MRA treatment also reduced the activity of the erythroid intermediate‐conductance Ca2+‐activated K+ channel – KCa3.1 (Gardos channel, KCNN4), reduced cardiac levels of mRNAs encoding ET‐1, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor‐1, and protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) (p < .01), and decreased plasma PDI and myeloperoxidase activity. Aldosterone (10−8 M for 24 h in vitro) also increased PDI mRNA levels (p < .01) and activity (p < .003) in EA.hy926 human endothelial cells, in a manner blocked by pre‐incubation with the MRA canrenoic acid (1 μM; p < .001). Our results suggest a novel role for MR activation in SCD that may exacerbate SCD pathophysiology and clinical complications.
The cellular landscape of the endochondral bone during the transition to extrauterine life
Authors: Rueda Alejandro Díaz , Salvador-Martínez Irepan , Sospedra-Arrufat Ismael , Alcaina-Caro Ana , Fernández-Miñán Ana , Burgos-Ruiz Ana M. , Cases Ildefonso , Mohedano Alberto , Tena Juan J. , Heyn Holger , Lopez-Rios Javier , Nusspaumer Gretel 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe cellular complexity of the endochondral bone underlies its essential and pleiotropic roles during organismal life. While the adult bone has received significant attention, we still lack a deep understanding of the perinatal bone cellulome. Here, we have profiled the full composition of the murine endochondral bone at the single-cell level during the transition from fetal to newborn life and in comparison to the adult tissue, with particular emphasis on the mesenchymal compartment. The perinatal bone contains different fibroblastic clusters with blastema-like characteristics in organizing and supporting skeletogenesis, angiogenesis, and hematopoiesis. Our data also suggests dynamic inter- and intra-compartment interactions as well as a bone marrow milieu that seems prone to anti-inflammation, which we hypothesize is necessary to ensure the proper program of lymphopoiesis and the establishment of central and peripheral tolerance in early life. Our study provides an integrative roadmap for the future design of genetic and cellular functional assays to validate cellular interactions and lineage relationships within the perinatal bone.
CRISPR/Cas9 screenings unearth protein arginine methyltransferase 7 as a novel driver of metastasis in prostate cancer
Authors: Rodrigo-Faus Maria , Vincelle-Nieto Africa , Vidal Natalia , Puente Javier , Saiz-Pardo Melchor , Lopez-Garcia Alejandra , Mendiburu-Eliçabe Marina , Palao Nerea , Baquero Cristina , Cuesta Angel M , Qu Hui-Qi , Hakonarson Hakon , Musteanu Monica , Reyes-Palomares Armando , Porras Almudena , Bragado Paloma , Gutierrez-Uzquiza Alvaro 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTOwing to the inefficacy of available treatments, the survival rate of patients with metastatic prostate cancer (mPCa) is severely decreased. Therefore, it is crucial to identify new therapeutic targets to increase their survival. This study aim was to identify the most relevant regulators of mPCa onset by performing two high-throughput CRISPR/Cas9 screenings. Furthermore, some of the top hits were validated using small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology, with protein arginine methyltransferase 7(PRMT7)being the best candidate. Its inhibition or depletion via CRISPR significantly reduced mPCa cell capacitiesin vitro. Moreover,PRMT7ablation reduced mPCa appearance in chicken chorioallantoic membrane and mouse xenograft assays. Molecularly, PRMT7 reprograms the expression of several adhesion molecules through methylation of several transcription factors, such as FoxK1 or NR1H2, which results in primary tumor PCa cell adhesion loss and motility gain. Importantly,PRMT7is upregulated in advanced stages of Spanish PCa tumor samples and PRMT7 pharmacological inhibition reduces the dissemination of mPCa cells. Thus, here is shown thatPRMT7is a potential therapeutic target and biomarker of mPCa.
Sorcin-STAT3-Serpin E1/CCL5 axis can be the trigger of pancreatic cancer-associated new-onset diabetes
Authors: Gong Jiali , Li Xiawei , Feng Zengyu , Lou Jianyao , Pu Kaiyue , Sun Yongji , Hu Sien , Wu Jian , Wu Yulian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA rise in blood glucose is the early warning signs of underlying pancreatic cancer (PC), which could be the externalization of genetic events in PC progression. But there is still a vacancy in the field of mechanism research on pancreatic cancer-associated new-onset diabetes (PCAND). Using siRNA-mediated gene knockdown in vitro, we made MIN6 cells incubated with conditioned media from transfected PC cells, and detected its response. Immunological techniques were used to explore the interaction between sorcin and STAT3. Human cytokine array was performed to explore the inflammatory cytokines downstream of sorcin. In the present study, we have identified a PCAND driver gene SRI. In PC cells, sorcin and STAT3 form a positive feedback loop to enhance the transcription of serpin E1 and CCL5, which can impair nearby islet β-cells, likely by activating the p38 pathway. In 88 biopsies, expression of sorcin was elevated in PC tissues, especially so in PCAND patient samples. Furthermore, clinical-SRI gene combination model can better distinguish PCAND from T2DM, and serpin E1 level is higher in the peripheral blood samples from PCAND than T2DM. Thus, Sorcin could be the key driver in PCAND, and figuring out sorcin-STAT3-serpin E1/CCL5 signaling axis can help us better understand the pathogenesis of PCAND and identify potential biomarkers.Statement of significanceThis study mapped out a novel sorcin-STAT3-Serpin E1/CCL5 signaling axis in pancreatic cancer cells, which explains how early pre-symptomatic pancreatic cancer may coincide with new-onset diabetes in some patients.
WITHDRAWN: Genetic complexity alters drug susceptibility of asexual and gametocyte stages ofP. falciparumto antimalarial candidates
Authors: Greyling Nicola , van der Watt Mariëtte , Gwarinda Hazel , van Heerden Ashleigh , Greenhouse Bryan , Leroy Didier , Niemand Jandeli , Birkholtz Lyn-Marié 
Published: July 2023

Withdrawal statementThe authors have withdrawn their manuscript owing to internal reviewing and agreement to submission by all parties involved in the work not yet completed on this version of the paper. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as reference for the project. If you have any questions, please contact the corresponding author.
GxE PRS: Genotype-environment interaction in polygenic risk score models for quantitative and binary traits
Authors: Jayasinghe Dovini , Momin Md. Moksedul , Beckmann Kerri , Hypponen Elina , Benyamin Beben , Lee S. Hong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe use of polygenic risk score (PRS) models has transformed the field of genetics by enabling the prediction of complex traits and diseases based on an individual’s genetic profile. However, the impact of genotype-environment interaction (GxE) on the performance and applicability of PRS models remains a crucial aspect to be explored. Currently, existing GxE PRS models are often inappropriately used, which can result in inflated type 1 error rates and compromised results. In this study, we propose a novel GxE PRS model that correctly incorporates the GxE component to analyze complex traits and diseases. Through extensive simulations, we demonstrate that our proposed model outperforms existing models in terms of controlling type 1 error rates and enhancing statistical power. Furthermore, we apply the proposed model to real data, and report significant GxE effects. Specifically, we highlight the impact of our model on both quantitative and binary traits. For quantitative traits, we uncover the GxE modulation of genetic effects on body mass index (BMI) by alcohol intake frequency (ALC). In the case of binary traits, we identify the GxE modulation of genetic effects on hypertension (HYP) by waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). These findings underscore the importance of employing a robust model that effectively controls type 1 error rates, thus preventing the occurrence of spurious GxE signals. To facilitate the implementation of our approach, we have developed an innovative R software package called GxE PRS, specifically designed to detect and estimate GxE effects. Overall, our study highlights the importance of accurate GxE modeling and its implications for genetic risk prediction, while providing a practical tool to support further research in this area.
Predicting Gene Spatial Expression and Cancer Prognosis: An Integrated Graph and Image Deep Learning Approach Based on HE Slides
Authors: Gao Ruitian , Yuan Xin , Ma Yanran , Wei Ting , Johnston Luke , Shao Yanfei , Lv Wenwen , Zhu Tengteng , Zhang Yue , Zheng Junke , Chen Guoqiang , Sun Jing , Wang Yu Guang , Yu Zhangsheng 
Published: July 2023

ABSTRACTInterpreting the tumor microenvironment (TME) heterogeneity within solid tumors presents a cornerstone for precise disease diagnosis and prognosis. However, while spatial transcriptomics offers a wealth of data, ranging from gene expression and spatial location to corresponding Hematoxylin and Eosin (HE) images, to explore the TME of various cancers, its high cost and demanding infrastructural needs significantly limit its clinical application, highlighting the need for more accessible alternatives. To bridge this gap, we introduce the Integrated Graph and Image Deep Learning (IGI-DL) model. This innovation, a fusion of Convolutional Neural Networks and Graph Neural Networks, is designed to predict gene spatial expression using HE images. The IGI-DL model outperforms its predecessors in analyzing colorectal cancer (CRC), breast cancer, and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) by leveraging both pixel intensity and structural features in images. Significantly, across all cancer types, the IGI-DL model enhances the mean correlation of the top five genes by an average of 0.125 in internal and external test sets, rising from 0.306 to 0.431, surpassing existing state-of-the-art (SOTA) models. We further present a novel risk score derived from a super-patch graph, where gene expression predicted by IGI-DL serves as node features. Demonstrating superior prognostic accuracy, this risk score, with a C-index of 0.713 and 0.741 for CRC and breast cancer, supersedes traditional HE-based risk scores. In summary, the approach augments our understanding of the TME from the aspect of histological images, portending a transformation in cancer prognostics and treatment planning and ushering in a new era of personalized and precision oncology.
Modeling Human Spine-Spinal Cord Organogenesis by hPSC-Derived Neuromesodermal Progenitors
Authors: Li Dairui , Ma Yuanchen , Huang Weijun , Li Xiaoping , Liu Huanyao , Xiong Chuanfeng , Zhao Qi , Wang Bin , Lai Xingqiang , Huang Shanshan , Wei Yili , Chen Junhua , Zhang Xiyu , Wei Lan , Ye Wenjin , Chen Qiumin , Rong Limin , Xiang Andy Peng , Li Weiqiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHuman trunk development, including spine and spinal cord organogenesis, is a coordinated, orderly, and interdependent process with spatiotemporal tissue patterning. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear due to the lack of an effective model that can simulate the early development of human body axis. Here, we reported the long-term patterning and dynamic morphogenesis of human trunk through the formation of spine-spinal cord organoids (SSCOs) self-organized from three-dimensional culture of human PSC-derived neuromesodermal progenitors (NMPs). The SSCOs resembled the morphogenetic features of spine and spinal cord along the anterior–posterior axis, and showed the chondro-osteogenic and neural trajectories consistent with developmental dynamics of spine and spinal cord in gestational embryo through single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). In addition, we identified a new HMMR+ bipotent cell population with self-renewal ability and neural/mesodermal competence but distinct from NMPs, which may be involved in trunk development and represent an invaluable tool for disease modeling of spine- and spinal cord-related disorders.Graphic Abstract