bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spanish Older LGBT+ Adults: Satisfaction with Life and Generativity
Authors: Tavares João , Casado Tatiana , Sá-Couto Pedro , Guerra Sara , Sousa Liliana 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Older lesbian, gay, bisexual, and trans (LGBT+) adults have been mainly studied in relation to stigma and mental and physical disorders. Understanding their satisfaction with life, along with their generative expression, is crucial in building healthy aging. This study examined the satisfaction with life of Spanish older LGBT+ adults, considering the role of generativity.

Methods
Data were gathered online; 141 Spanish LGBT+ people completed the Loyola Generativity Scale (LGS), Generative Behaviour Checklist (GBC), and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). Data were analysed through descriptive, nonparametric tests, and correlational statistics. A multivariable linear regression analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between the SWLS and the other scales, including social and demographic variables as covariates.

Results
Satisfaction with life and generativity are positively associated to (i) disclosure in all areas of life, (ii) perceived support in the disclosure process, (iii) (daily) participation in social activities, and (iv) higher in women, (v) in those who have a partner, and (vi) who have children. The multivariable regression model explained 32.6% of the variance in SWLS. The SWLS increased with generativity confidence and behaviours of collaboration and care.

Conclusions
Satisfaction with life and generativity are promoted by disclosure in all areas of life, and perceived support in the disclosure process.

Policy Implications
Social policies and programs should (i) encourage LGBT+ individuals’ disclosure and support them in this process, probably by creating safe and supportive environments; (ii) promote LGBT+ older adults’ social participation, namely in terms of volunteering and mentoring.
Corticospinal tract: a new hope for the treatment of post-stroke spasticity
Authors: Huang Linxing , Yi Lizhen , Huang Huiyuan , Zhan Sheng , Chen Ruixue , Yue Zenghui 
Published: September 2023

AbstractStroke is the third leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Post-stroke spasticity (PSS) is the most common complication of stroke but represents only one of the many manifestations of upper motor neuron syndrome. As an upper motor neuron, the corticospinal tract (CST) is the only direct descending motor pathway that innervates the spinal motor neurons and is closely related to the recovery of limb function in patients with PSS. Therefore, promoting axonal remodeling in the CST may help identify new therapeutic strategies for PSS. In this review, we outline the pathological mechanisms of PSS, specifically their relationship with CST, and therapeutic strategies for axonal regeneration of the CST after stroke. We found it to be closely associated with astroglial scarring produced by astrocyte activation and its secretion of neurotrophic factors, mainly after the onset of cerebral ischemia. We hope that this review offers insight into the relationship between CST and PSS and provides a basis for further studies.
Towards an Understanding of the Challenges in Laser Beam Welding of Copper – Observation of the Laser-Matter Interaction Zone in Laser Beam Welding of Copper and Steel Using in Situ Synchrotron X-Ray Imaging
Authors: Kaufmann Florian , Schrauder Julian , Hummel Marc , Spurk Christoph , Olowinsky Alexander , Beckmann Felix , Moosmann Julian , Roth Stephan , Schmidt Michael 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe increasing demand for contacting applications in electric components such as batteries, power electronics and electric drives is boosting the use of laser-based copper processing. Laser beam welding is a key for an efficient and high-quality electric vehicle production due to its local, non-contact energy input and high automation capability enabling reproducible weld quality. Nevertheless, a major challenge in process design is the combination of energy-efficiency and precise process guidance with regard to weld seam depth and defect prevention (i.e. spatter, melt ejections), partly caused by the high thermal conductivity of copper. High power lasers in the near infrared range and emerging visible laser beam sources with excellent beam quality can provide a suitable joining solution for this purpose. However, the underlying physical phenomena are currently only partly understood and a reflection on the challenges of laser beam welding of copper compared to well researched steel processing has not yet been carried out. In order to improve the understanding of the effect of the different material properties and the influence of process parameters on the vapor capillary and melt pool geometry in laser beam welding, in situ synchrotron investigations on Cu-ETP and S235 using 515 and 1030 nm laser sources were conducted. The material phase contrast analysis was successfully used to distinguish vapor capillary and melt pool phase boundaries during the welding process with high spatial and temporal resolution up to 5 kHz. A significantly different vapor capillary geometry and sensitivity to parameter variation were found between the steel and copper material. In addition, the visualization of characteristic melt flows revealed different melt pool dynamics and a pronounced eddy close to the melt pool surface for copper, which is assumed to be causal for the observation of pronounced spatter formation during copper welding in a certain process window.
Hospital admissions and mortality over 20 years in community-dwelling older people: findings from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study
Authors: Rambukwella Roshan , Westbury Leo D. , Pearse Camille , Ward Kate A. , Cooper Cyrus , Dennison Elaine M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Demographic changes worldwide are leading to pressures on health services, with hospital admissions representing an important contributor. Here, we report admission types experienced by older people and examine baseline risk factors for subsequent admission/death, from the community-based Hertfordshire Cohort Study.

Methods
2997 participants (1418 women) completed a baseline questionnaire and clinic visit to characterize their health. Participants were followed up from baseline (1998–2004, aged 59–73 years) until December 2018 using UK Hospital Episode Statistics and mortality data, which report clinical outcomes using ICD-10 coding. Baseline characteristics in relation to the risk of admission/death during follow-up were examined using sex-stratified univariate logistic regression.

Results
During follow-up, 36% of men and 26% of women died and 93% of men and 92% of women had at least one hospital admission; 6% of men and 7% of women had no admissions and were alive at end of follow-up. The most common types of admission during follow-up were cardiovascular (ever experienced: men 71%, women 68%) and respiratory (men 40%, women 34%). In both sexes, baseline risk factors that were associated (p < 0.05) with admission/death during follow-up were older age, poorer SF-36 physical function, and poorer self-rated health. In men, manual social class and a history of smoking, and in women, higher BMI, not owning one’s home, and a minor trauma fracture since age 45, were also risk factors for admission/death.

Conclusions
Sociodemographic factors were related to increased risk of admission/death but a small proportion experienced no admissions during this period, suggesting that healthy ageing is achievable.
Prompting and Modeling of Coping Strategies during Childbirth
Authors: Greenwald Ashley 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThere is ample evidence to suggest that upright positions and mobility during labor improve birth outcome, including shorter duration of childbirth and reduced risk of cesarean section. The use of nonpharmacological interventions for pain management during childbirth are recommended by major health-care institutions and medical providers, however, the current methodologies for training coping strategies for use during labor have not shown to be effective on mobility or birth outcome. The purpose of this study was to apply an in-vivo teaching technology to the current childbirth model to prompt an imitative repertoire of empirically demonstrated labor coping strategies. Results of this study concluded that the introduction of a software using immediate prompting and video modeling increased the frequency and variability of labor behaviors during unmedicated labor for birthing persons and their partners.
Permute-MAML: exploring industrial surface defect detection algorithms for few-shot learning
Authors: Pang ShanChen , Zhao WenShang , Wang ShuDong , Zhang Lin , Wang Shuang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractComputer vision has developed rapidly in recent years, invigorating the area of industrial surface defect detection while also providing it with modern perception capabilities. Few-shot learning has emerged as a result of sample size limitations, with MAML framework being the most widely used few-shot learning framework over the past few years that learns concepts from sampled classification tasks, which is considered to have the key advantage of aligning training and testing objectives. Industrial surface defects typically have fewer samples for training, so we propose MAML-based framework: Permute-MAML, which mainly consists of improved MAML framework and neural network model. In this paper, we concentrate on improving MAML framework with respect to its stability and explore a simple procedure: few-shot learning of its evaluation metrics over the whole classification model. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed framework significantly enhances the stability of MAML framework and achieves comparatively high accuracy in industrial surface defect detection.
Rheological mechanical properties and its constitutive relation of soft rock considering influence of clay mineral composition and content
Authors: Li Xuebin , Liu Xuesheng , Tan Yunliang , Chen Ai , Wang Honglei , Wang Xin , Yang Shenglong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractRheological mechanical properties of the soft rock are affected significantly by its main physical characteristics-clay mineral. In this study, taking the mudstone on the roof and floor in four typical mining regions as the research object, firstly, the clay mineral characteristic was analyzed by the X-ray diffraction test. Subsequently, rheological mechanical properties of mudstone samples under different confining pressures are studied through triaxial compression and creep tests. The results show that the clay mineral content of mudstone in different regions is different, which leads to significant differences in its rheological properties, and these differences have a good correlation with the content of montmorillonite and illite-montmorillonite mixed layer. Taking the montmorillonite content as an example, compared with the sample with 3.56% under the lower stress level, the initial creep deformation of the sample with 11.19% increased by 3.25 times, the viscosity coefficient and long-term strength decreased by 80.59% and 53.94%, respectively. Furthermore, based on the test results, the damage variation is constructed considering the montmorillonite content and stress level, and the M–S creep damage constitutive model of soft rock is established. Finally, the test results can be fitted with determination coefficients ranging from 0.9020 to 0.9741, which proves that the constitutive relation can reflect the influence of the clay mineral content in the samples preferably. This study has an important reference for revealing the long-term stability control mechanism of soft rock roadway rich in clay minerals.
Measurement of SnO Activity Coefficient in CaO–SiO2–FetO–Al2O3 Slag Saturated with Fe
Authors: Shinoda Yasunari , Iwama Takayuki , Kato Mizuki , Watanabe Hiromitsu , Nakagawara Satoshi , Takasu Hiroki , Kato Yukitaka , Inoue Ryo , Ueda Shigeru 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIt is important to clarify the behavior of elements in the reaction between molten CaO–SiO2–FetO–Al2O3 slag and liquid metal during the remelting of Cu scrap. To estimate the desirable slag composition for retaining Sn in metal, the effects of the slag basicity and the concentrations of FetO and Al2O3 on the SnO activity coefficient were investigated. Molten CaO–SiO2–FetO slag (with optional Al2O3 addition) was reacted with liquid Pb–Sn alloy in a pure Fe crucible at 1573 K for 5 h while blowing the CO–CO2 mixture. From the activity coefficients of Sn, Pb, and Fe oxides in the slag, which were calculated using the PCO/PCO2 ratio during heating and the chemically analyzed compositions of slag and metal, their behaviors in slag/metal reaction were discussed. The order of reducibility was PbO > SnO >> FetO. Finally, it was suggested from the thermodynamic and industrial smelting perspectives that the slag condition favorable to SnO reduction is high basicity, around 50 mass% FetO, and low Al2O3 content.
Graphical Abstract
Development of a Motivation–Trust–Vulnerability (MTV) Framework for Cross-Border Online Shopping: A Cross-National Application to Chinese and German Consumers
Authors: Wagner Gerhard , Fota Anne , Schramm-Klein Hanna , Steinmann Sascha 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBuilding on the motivation–ability (MA) theoretical framework, we develop a motivation–trust–vulnerability (MTV) framework to explain behavioral decision making in situations of uncertainty and vulnerability. We apply our new framework to cross-border online shopping, which is characterized by uncertain benefits, potential losses, and increased vulnerability of making cross-border online purchases at foreign online vendors. The MTV framework (1) explains the mechanism of cross-border online shopping by considering the effects and interactions of motivation, trust, and vulnerability (2), offers a new conceptualization of perceived vulnerability and (3) is applicable to culturally and economically distinct country markets. The findings from two major e-commerce markets (China and Germany; N = 808) support our framework and suggest that perceived vulnerability acts as an obstacle that prevents consumers from cross-border online shopping. However, in interaction with trust towards foreign online vendors perceived vulnerability positively affects the relationship between motivating factors and cross-border online purchase intentions. Our findings help explaining consumers’ cross-border online purchasing intentions and provide guidance for retail managers and policy makers on recognizing and coping with trust and vulnerability in international relations.
Internet of things driven multilinear regression technique for fertilizer recommendation for precision agriculture
Authors: Kollu Praveen Kumar , Bangare Manoj L. , Hari Prasad P. Venkata , Bangare Pushpa M. , Rane Kantilal Pitambar , Arias-Gonzáles José Luis , Lalar Sachin , Shabaz Mohammad 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFood instability has been linked to infertility, health issues, accelerated aging, incorrect insulin regulation, and more. Innovative approaches increased food availability and quality. Agriculture environment monitoring systems need IoT and machine learning. IoT sensors provide all necessary data for agriculture production forecast, fertilizer management, smart irrigation, crop monitoring, crop disease diagnosis, and pest control. Precision agriculture may boost crop yields by prescribing the right water-fertilizer-paste ratio. This article presents IOT based fertilizer recommendation system for Smart agriculture. This framework uses IoT devices and sensors to acquire agriculture-related data, and then machine learning is applied to suggest fertilizer in the correct quantity and at the appropriate time. The data acquisition phase collects input data, including soil temperature, moisture, humidity, regions' weather data, and crop details. Features are selected using the Sequential Forward Floating Selection algorithm. Multilinear Regression performs data classification. The performance of SFSS-MLR is compared to Random Forest, C4.5, Naïve Bayes algorithm. SFSS MLR is better in accuracy, precision, recall and F1. The accuracy of SFSS MLR is 99.3 percent.
Assessing the performance of MoTe2 based solar cell with Cu2O hole transport layer through device simulation
Authors: Rahman Naimur , Haque Md. Dulal , Rahman Md. Ferdous , Islam Md. Mominul , Juthi Most. Airin Nahar , Roy Anita Rani , Akter Most. Alema , Islam Md. Foridul 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn this study, the SCAPS-1D tool has been used to numerically examine the performance of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDC) based Molybdenum ditelluride (MoTe2) solar cells containing CdS electron transport layer (ETL) and Cu2O hole transport layer (HTL). Based on the photovoltaic cell parameters, including absorber layer thickness, temperature, defect density, the effects of series and shunt resistance, and electron affinity, the structure of both MoTe2 based solar cells with and without the usage of the HTL has been analyzed. With 1.1 μm thickness of MoTe2 and doping density of 5 × 1015 cm−3, Al/FTO/CdS/MoTe2/Cu2O/Ni heterojunction’s solar cell proposed structure has been optimized. The final power conversion efficiency (PCE) = 32.38%, open-circuit voltage (Voc) = 1.07 V, short-circuit current (Jsc) = 35.12 mA/cm2, and fill factor (FF) = 86.32% has been determined from the optimized structure. The determined results indicate a suitable path for the realization of low cost and high efficiency MoTe2-based solar cell.
The effect of data science on urban sustainability through the optimization of demand-responsive transportation
Authors: Alahmadi Raed Nayif A. , Alzahrani Abdulaziz 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe study investigated the viability of implementing a demand-responsive transportation (DRT) system within the premises of Al-Baha University to facilitate the punctual arrival of students to their classes and ensure their convenient departure from the campus. This study aims to demonstrate and elucidate how data mining enhances the efficiency of DRT systems. The case study investigates the potential improvements in DRT operations through the utilization of data mining techniques. The research employs descriptive and prescriptive techniques for mining trip planning data. The database maintained by the Deanship of Admission and Registration et al.-Baha University in Al-Baha City, Saudi Arabia, has identified 50 designated locations for student pick-up. The research establishes a comprehensive database that classifies pick-up points as spatial vectors, incorporating longitude, latitude, and counts of students. Cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling techniques are employed to minimize travel times and enhance operational efficiency by consolidating pick-up points. A completely adaptable DRT system prioritizes user satisfaction over operational efficiency, facilitating superior flexible services with fewer buses. The University Transport Department can implement Fixed Route systems in regions with significant population density and substantial demand. Conversely, in areas with a lower population, where Fixed Route systems may be less efficient, the department can opt for DRT systems. Additionally, the findings demonstrate the potential cost-saving benefits of implementing a hybrid system that integrates the university and off-campus student housing. The results indicate that providing fully flexible DRT services to students’ harms efficiency and user experience. A comparative analysis between the Fixed route system and the DRT system reveals that the latter has the potential to offer enhanced service to students, utilizing an equivalent number of vehicles while reducing the number of rides required, all while maintaining a higher degree of flexibility in service provision. According to the recommendation of this study, it is advisable to implement a hybrid fixed route and DRT system. However, to assess the feasibility of such a system in a university setting in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive viability analysis to identify any potential challenges or concerns.
Health and work: regional health reporting on employees in Germany
Authors: Richter Matthias , Kliner Karin , Rennert Dirk 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe vast majority of people work a large part of their live, therefore work inevitably has a major impact on health as well. In Germany, great efforts are made to improve health and well-being in the occupational context. To support this, the evaluation of health data especially from employees is one the main scopes in health reporting of the Federal Association of Company Health Insurance Funds (BKK Dachverband). These results are made available to the interested public via various publication channels, including interactive online diagrams. Data from the areas of incapacity to work, outpatient and inpatient care as well as drug prescriptions are applied. Due to the in large parts identically structured representations, comparisons across health care system sectors are also possible. The aim of this article is to describe the provided regional health care data of employees with focus on the interactive data provision, to show by example particularities in single sources and across sources. From this the impact of work as well as workplace health promotion on the health of employees and, in a broader sense, the quality of health care in Germany can be derived.
The influence of bandwidth on the energetics of intermediate to deep water laboratory breaking waves
Authors: Cao Rui , Padilla E.M. , Callaghan A.H. 
Published: September 2023

An experimental investigation of two-dimensional dispersively focused laboratory breaking waves is presented. We describe the bandwidth effect on breaking wave energetics, including spectral energy evolution, characteristic group velocity, energy dissipation and its rate, and breaking strength parameter,

$b$

. To evaluate the role of bandwidth, three definitions of wave group steepness are adopted where

$S_s$

and

$S_n$

are bandwidth-dependent and

$S_p$

remains constant when bandwidth is changed. Our data show two regimes of spectral energy evolution in breaking wave groups, with both regimes bandwidth-dependent: energy dissipation and gain occur at

$f > 0.95f_p$

(

$f_p$

is the peak frequency) and

$f < 0.95f_p$

, respectively. The characteristic group velocity, which is used in energy dissipation calculations, increases by up to 7 % after wave breaking, being larger for higher bandwidth breaking waves. An unambiguous bandwidth dependence is found between

$S_p$

and both the fractional and absolute wave energy dissipation. Wave groups of larger bandwidth break at a lower value of

$S_p$

and consequently lose relatively more energy. The energy dissipation rate depends on the breaking duration which itself is bandwidth dependent. Consequently, no clear bandwidth effect is observed in energy dissipation rate when compared with either

$S_p$

or

$S_s$

. However, there is a systematic bandwidth dependence in the variation of

$b$

when parameterised in terms of

$S_p$

, with their relationship becoming increasingly nonlinear as bandwidth increases. When parameterised with

$S_s$

,

$b$

shows a markedly reduced bandwidth dependence. Finally, the numerical breaking onset and relationship between

$b$

and

$S_s$

in the numerical study of Derakhti & Kirby (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 790, 2016, pp. 553–581) is validated experimentally.