bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Boosting the Accuracy of Commercial Real Estate Appraisals: An Interpretable Machine Learning Approach
Authors: Deppner Juergen , von Ahlefeldt-Dehn Benedict , Beracha Eli , Schaefers Wolfgang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this article, we examine the accuracy and bias of market valuations in the U.S. commercial real estate sector using properties included in the NCREIF Property Index (NPI) between 1997 and 2021 and assess the potential of machine learning algorithms (i.e., boosting trees) to shrink the deviations between market values and subsequent transaction prices. Under consideration of 50 covariates, we find that these deviations exhibit structured variation that boosting trees can capture and further explain, thereby increasing appraisal accuracy and eliminating structural bias. The understanding of the models is greatest for apartments and industrial properties, followed by office and retail buildings. This study is the first in the literature to extend the application of machine learning in the context of property pricing and valuation from residential use types and commercial multifamily to office, retail, and industrial assets. In addition, this article contributes to the existing literature by providing an indication of the room for improvement in state-of-the-art valuation practices in the U.S. commercial real estate sector that can be exploited by using the guidance of supervised machine learning methods. The contributions of this study are, thus, timely and important to many parties in the real estate sector, including authorities, banks, insurers and pension and sovereign wealth funds.
Governmental Restrictions and Real Estate Investor Risk Perception
Authors: Kaiser Carina , Freybote Julia , Schäfers Wolfgang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe investigate the impact of governmental restrictions on the short-term risk perception, as proxied by the going-in cap rate, of investors in regional and neighborhood shopping centers. We use the COVID-19 pandemic as a natural experiment and proxy for the length and severity of COVID-19 restrictions with the political affiliation of state governors. Using a sample of 40 metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) across 27 states over the period of 2018 to 2021, we find that for states with Republican governors, which proxy for shorter and fewer COVID-19 restrictions, investors in regional malls required a lower going-in cap rate in the pandemic period than for states with Democratic governors. This effect does not exist for neighborhood shopping centers, whose tenants were not as affected by COVID-19 restrictions. Robustness checks suggest that our findings can be explained with mask mandates as one type of governmental restrictions, and that COVID-19 related restrictions do not impact the long-term risk perception of retail real estate investors. We furthermore find that the political attitudes of an MSA have an impact on investor risk perception.
Auctions of failed banks: an analysis of losing bidders
Authors: Zhou Tim M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBetween 2007 and 2013, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) used purchase and assumption (P&A) as a resolution method to auction 492 failed institutions to healthy banks. While existing studies reveal positive value effects on winning bidders of these auctions, this study finds that losing bidders experience negative abnormal stock returns. Furthermore, the losing bidders’ stockholders react negatively to a worsening market condition and an increased probability of failure. The returns, nevertheless, are related to the market power gains and distorted competitive condition post-auction. These results raise concerns that this type of intervention potentially gives rise to anticompetitive behavior among participating banks of FDIC auctions.
The First Survey of Quiet Sun Features Observed in Hard X-Rays with NuSTAR
Authors: Paterson Sarah , Hannah Iain G. , Grefenstette Brian W. , Hudson Hugh S. , Krucker Säm , Glesener Lindsay , White Stephen M. , Smith David M. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe present the first survey of quiet Sun features observed in hard X-rays (HXRs), using the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope ARray (NuSTAR), a HXR focusing optics telescope. The recent solar minimum, combined with NuSTAR’s high sensitivity, has presented a unique opportunity to perform the first HXR imaging spectroscopy on a range of features in the quiet Sun. By studying the HXR emission of these features, we can detect or constrain the presence of high temperature (> 5 MK) or non-thermal sources, to help understand how they relate to larger, more energetic solar phenomena, and determine their contribution to heating the solar atmosphere. We report on several features observed in the 28 September 2018 NuSTAR full-disk quiet Sun mosaics, the first of the NuSTAR quiet Sun observing campaigns, which mostly include steady features of X-ray bright points and an emerging flux region, which later evolved into an active region, as well as a short-lived jet. We find that the features’ HXR spectra are well fitted with isothermal models with temperatures ranging between 2.0 – 3.2 MK. Combining the NuSTAR data with softer X-ray emission from Hinode/XRT and EUV from SDO/AIA, we recover the differential emission measures, confirming little significant emission above 4 MK. The NuSTAR HXR spectra allow us to constrain the possible non-thermal emission that would still be consistent with a null HXR detection. We found that for only one of the features (the jet) was there a potential non-thermal upper limit capable of powering the heating observed. However, even here, the non-thermal electron distribution had to be very steep (effectively mono-energetic) with a low energy cut-off between 3 – 4 keV.
Materials selection in economic modeling
Authors: Boumans Marcel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTemplates travel because they offer a tractable format that can be used for model-building in a variety of domains. It is often because of this quality that a particular template is chosen. But one cannot assume that there are always templates ready to model a new phenomenon, and moreover, templates have also been designed at some point. A critical aspect of this designing process is the choice of the mathematical objects with which one hopes to capture this phenomenon. This means that one has to assess which of the properties of different kinds of mathematical objects and which combinations of them are most appropriate. The selection of these objects is based on whether their properties enable the model to perform its function. This selection of mathematical objects is similar to the selection of materials in mechanical design.
How tracking technology is transforming animal ecology: epistemic values, interdisciplinarity, and technology-driven scientific change
Authors: Trappes Rose 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTracking technology has been heralded as transformative for animal ecology. In this paper I examine what changes are taking place, showing how current animal movement research is a field ripe for philosophical investigation. I focus first on how the devices alter the limitations and biases of traditional field observation, making observation of animal movement and behaviour possible in more detail, for more varied species, and under a broader variety of conditions, as well as restricting the influence of human presence and observer bias. I reconstruct these as shifts in scope, objectivity, accuracy and fruitfulness. The second transformation is slightly less obvious but equally significant for animal ecology. Tracking devices generate complex data that demands both statistical and biological expertise, which has led to increasingly frequent and intensive collaborations between statisticians and biologists. Based on interviews, I examine how researchers in these interdisciplinary collaborations negotiate the collection, analysis and interpretation of movement data, integrating research interests, methodological constraints, previous field observations, and background theory. Tracking technology is therefore also shifting which disciplinary considerations are brought to bear on research into animal movement and behaviour and how this research is conducted.
Efficient maintenance of highway cover labelling for distance queries on large dynamic graphs
Authors: Farhan Muhammad , Wang Qing 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGraphs in real-world applications are typically dynamic which undergo rapid changes in their topological structure over time by either adding or deleting edges or vertices. However, it is challenging to design algorithms capable of supporting updates efficiently on dynamic graphs. In this article, we devise a parallel fully dynamic labelling method to reflect rapid changes on graphs when answering shortest-path distance queries, a fundamental problem in graph theory. At its core, our solution accelerates query processing through a fully dynamic distance labelling of a limited size, which provides a good approximation to bound online searches on dynamic graphs. Our parallel fully dynamic labelling method leverages two sources of efficiency gains: landmark parallelism and anchor parallelism. Furthermore, it can handle both incremental and decremental updates efficiently using a unified search approach and a bounded repairing inference mechanism. We theoretically analyze the correctness, labelling minimality, and time complexity of our method, and also conduct extensive experiments to empirically verify its efficiency and scalability on 10 real-world large networks.
The oral bioavailability of soil-borne risk elements for small terrestrial mammals: Microtus arvalis (Pallas, 1778) and Apodemus sylvaticus L. and its implication in environmental studies
Authors: Čadková Zuzana , Vořechovská Lenka , Javorská Denisa , Száková Jiřina , Tlustoš Pavel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe aims of this study were (i) to specify real risk elemetnt (RE) uptake by wild terresrial mammals (A. sylvaticusandM. arvalis), (ii) to describe RE distribution in critical organs such as the liver and kidney, and (iii) to determine potencial differences in RE toxicokinetics with regards to individual species or sex. Three groups of experimental animals were fed diets amended with soil and green biomass of hyperaccumulatorArabidopsis halleriwith different RE levels. The contents of As, Cd, and Pb in the liver and kidneys of the animals reflected the element contents in the diet. Higher Cd and Pb accumulation ability was observed inA. sylvaticuscompared toM. arvalistissues, and an opposite pattern was recorded for As. Zn contents in tissues of both species remained unchanged, and total contents of Zn in the exposed animals even tended to decrease compared to the controls. Results of this study indicate a generally similar response of both species to elevated RE contents in the diet, confirming these wild rodents as suitable models for RE biomonitoring in ecosystems. However, our data highlights some distinction in As toxicokinetics in wood mice compared to that of field voles and a significantly higher accumulation of Pb and Cd in females. Therefore, factors of species and sex should not be overlooked if relevant data are to be obtained in environmental studies conducted on small terrestrial rodents.
The HeDiCom framework: Higher Education teachers’ digital competencies for the future
Authors: Tondeur Jo , Howard Sarah , Van Zanten Manon , Gorissen Pierre , Van der Neut Irma , Uerz Dana , Kral Marijke 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThere is little consensus about the nature of teachers’ digital competencies in Higher Education. Moreover, existing digital competence frameworks have largely been developed for teachers in secondary education. In response to this, the current study focuses on developing and validating a framework of digital competencies for teachers in Higher Education. First, a review was conducted to determine the state of digital competence research regarding dimensions and definition of digital competence. In a next step, similarities and differences between existing digital competence frameworks were identified. Based on the outcomes of the review and the framework comparison, a framework was developed in an iterative process through expert meetings with policy makers, experts in the field of educational technology, and validated with practitioners. The new framework includes four dimensions of teachers’ digital competencies: (1) Teaching practice, (2) Empowering students for a digital society, (3) Teachers’ digital literacy, and (4) Teachers’ professional development. The resulting Higher Education Digital Competence (HeDiCom) framework will provide guidance and clearer expectations of teachers’ digital competency. Ultimately, improving teachers’ digital competencies will contribute to improving the quality of digital competencies of the students.
Genetische Diagnostik bei Nierenerkrankungen im Erwachsenenalter
Authors: Schultheiss Ulla T. , Hermle Tobias 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungErkrankungen der Niere sind häufig genetisch bedingt, und über 600 beteiligte Gene wurden bereits identifiziert. Bei ungefähr 10 % der chronischen Nierenkrankheiten unklarer Genese lässt sich eine monogen vermittelte Ursache ermitteln. Dabei stellt eine DNA-Veränderung in einem einzigen Gen die molekulare Ursache der Erkrankung dar. Vielfach bleibt die genetische Diagnose derzeit noch unerkannt. Für die klinische Betreuung der Betroffenen hat eine genetische Diagnosestellung entscheidende Vorteile, da sich zum einen für eine Reihe von Diagnosen zusätzliche Therapieoptionen eröffnen und zum anderen auch auf belastende diagnostische und (bei genetischer Ursache erfolglose) therapeutische Maßnahmen verzichtet werden kann. Zusätzlich kann der genetische Befund im Rahmen einer reversen Phänotypisierung frühzeitig Hinweise auf die mögliche Beteiligung weiterer Organsysteme liefern. Dies ermöglicht entsprechende Vorsorgeuntersuchungen und die rechtzeitige Einbeziehung weiterer Fachgebiete. Nicht zuletzt erlaubt eine genetische Beratung auch für weitere Familienmitglieder eine Risikoeinschätzung, auch bei Kinderwunsch, sowie eine maßgeschneiderte Therapie und Prävention. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist eine breitere Implementierung genetischer Diagnostik in die klinische Praxis der Nephrologie sinnvoll. Das praktische Vorgehen bezüglich der Indikationsstellung zur Diagnostik und anschließend die Beurteilung der genetischen Befunde mit Übersetzung in ein personalisiertes Management sind Herausforderungen, welche eine enge interdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit zwischen Nephrologie und Humangenetik erfordern. Zur optimalen Betreuung der Betroffenen wird darüber hinaus in Anbetracht des rasch expandierenden Wissens der Bedarf nach einer Subspezialisierung Nephrogenetik innerhalb des Fachgebiets deutlich.
The effect of adult education on health-related behaviours
Authors: Kohl Jonathan , Martin Andreas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUnhealthy behaviours continue to be pervasive and lead to premature death worldwide. According to previous research, school education appears to be a good predictor of unhealthy behaviours. The influence of adult education and training (AET) on health behaviour, on the other hand, has hardly been studied. Existing studies provide only indicative evidence on AET returns in terms of health-related behaviours, with no study to date examining the German context. Longitudinal data from NEPS SC6 (N = 7089) are used to examine whether participation in adult education affects changes in health-related behaviour positively, i.e., whether participants smoke or drink less and are more frequently active in sports. Hybrid regression models with interaction terms are estimated to test specific theoretical mechanisms. While participation in AET does not show any positive behavioural change in sports activity or alcohol consumption, participants in AET are more likely to smoke following AET participation within the last 12 or between the last 24 and 36 months. Implications are discussed and linked to the existing state of research.
Robust Local Light Field Synthesis via Occlusion-aware Sampling and Deep Visual Feature Fusion
Authors: Xing Wenpeng , Chen Jie , Guo Yike 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNovel view synthesis has attracted tremendous research attention recently for its applications in virtual reality and immersive telepresence. Rendering a locally immersive light field (LF) based on arbitrary large baseline RGB references is a challenging problem that lacks efficient solutions with existing novel view synthesis techniques. In this work, we aim at truthfully rendering local immersive novel views/LF images based on large baseline LF captures and a single RGB image in the target view. To fully explore the precious information from source LF captures, we propose a novel occlusion-aware source sampler (OSS) module which efficiently transfers the pixels of source views to the target view’s frustum in an occlusion-aware manner. An attention-based deep visual fusion module is proposed to fuse the revealed occluded background content with a preliminary LF into a final refined LF. The proposed source sampling and fusion mechanism not only helps to provide information for occluded regions from varying observation angles, but also proves to be able to effectively enhance the visual rendering quality. Experimental results show that our proposed method is able to render high-quality LF images/novel views with sparse RGB references and outperforms state-of-the-art LF rendering and novel view synthesis methods.
Water-based fluorescent flexo-ink for security applications
Authors: Muthamma Kashmitha , Gouda Basana M. , Sunil Dhanya , Kulkarni Suresh D. , P.J. Anand 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUV-readable fluorescent ink formulations find versatile applications in various fields including information encryption, automated identification systems, security markers and optical devices. In this context, a new bithiophene-based chalcone (BTCF) that exhibits good solution phase and solid-state fluorescence was synthesized as a colourant for formulating an eco-friendly UV fluorescent ink. The molecule demonstrated good thermal stability and photophysical features including intramolecular charge transfer, confirmed through emission studies in THF–hexane mixtures with varying hexane content. The intense greenish yellow solid-state fluorescence emission displayed by BTCF was exploited by using it as a colourant in a water-based fluorescent ink formulation. Further, the ink was used to print a fast-drying solid patch on an UV dull paper substrate using flexography technique. The analysis of colorimetric, densitometric and rub resistance properties of the printed paper samples demonstrated good fluorescence, moderate photostability and good rub resistance, and hence could be used for security printing applications.
Graphical abstract
Directed communication in games with directed graphs
Authors: Gavilán E. C. , Manuel C. , van den Brink R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe introduce a novel concept of directed communication and a related connectedness in directed graphs, and apply this to model certain cooperation restrictions in cooperative games. In the literature on communication in directed networks or directed graphs, one can find different notions of connectedness, and different ways how directed communication restricts cooperation possibilities of players in a game. In this paper, we introduce a notion of connectedness in directed graphs that is based on directed paths. We assume that a coalition of players in a game can only cooperate if these players form a directed path in a directed communication graph. We define a restricted game following the same approach as Myerson for undirected communication situations, and consider the allocation rule that applies the Shapley value to this restricted game. We characterize this value by extended versions of the well-known component efficiency, fairness and balanced contributions axioms. Moreover, using the new notion of connectedness, we apply this allocation rule to define network centrality, efficiency and vulnerability measures for directed networks.
Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 infection in different animal species and human in Egypt during 2020–2021
Authors: AboElkhair Mohammed A. , Ahmed Mohamed M. , Moustapha Alaa El Din H. , Zaki Ali Mohammed , El Naggar Rania F. , Elhamouly Moustafa , Anis Anis 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCoronaviruses cause respiratory and intestinal infections in animals and humans. By the end of 2019, there was an epidemic of novel coronavirus (COVID-19), which is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronaviruses have a highly mutable genome that makes them genetically and phenotypically modifiable with a potential transmission to new host species. Based on current sequence databases, all human coronaviruses have animal origins, so animals have important roles in virus spillover to humans. The aim of this study is to investigate the role of different animal species in the epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Egypt. A pan-coronaviruses RT-PCR has been used for detection of possible coronaviruses infection in different species including bats, humans, birds, and dogs in Egypt during the period of November 2020 till June 2021. Ninety-two samples (46 from Rousettus aegyptiacus bats, 10 from human, 26 from wild birds, and 10 from dogs) were screened for SARS-CoV-2. Our results revealed that only human samples were SARS-CoV-2 positive for SARS-CoV-2 while all other animal and bird samples were negative. To recapitulate, our results suggest that animals may not actively transmit SARS-CoV-2 among people in Egypt during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Further structural surveillance and follow up screening for SARS-CoV-2 among domestic and wild animal populations in Egypt is crucially needed.
Role of apalutamide in the treatment landscape for patients with advanced prostate cancer: an expert opinion statement of European clinical practice
Authors: Bögemann Martin , Facchini Gaetano , Bauernhofer Thomas , Cathomas Richard , Xylinas Evanguelos , Tombal Bertrand 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Patients with advanced prostate cancer have a poor prognosis, and well-tolerated new treatment strategies are required to improve survival outcomes. Apalutamide is a novel androgen signalling inhibitor developed to be used in combination with continuous androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for the treatment of patients with advanced prostate cancer. Based on evidence from two phase 3 pivotal clinical trials in non-metastatic castration-resistant (nmCRPC; SPARTAN) and metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC; TITAN), ADT plus apalutamide significantly extends overall survival compared with the standard of care.

Aims
To provide practical recommendations to guide optimal use in the real-world setting as the use of apalutamide in clinical practice increases.

Methods
Expert opinion from a group of European physicians is presented here to educate on the use of apalutamide in combination with ADT in patients with mHSPC and patients with nmCRPC who are at risk of developing metastatic disease, focusing on practical considerations such as patient selection, monitoring, and management of side effects.

Results
In clinical practice, apalutamide in combination with ADT can be used in a broad patient population including patients with high and low volume/risk mHSPC, patients with de novo metastatic disease or metastases following treatment for localised disease, as well as older patients. Apalutamide in combination with ADT is well tolerated, with manageable side effects which do not impact health-related quality of life compared to ADT alone.

Conclusions
Real-world experience with apalutamide supports the efficacy and safety findings reported by the SPARTAN and TITAN clinical trials.