bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resistance to drying: The role of seedbanks and hyporheic refuges in invertebrate communities
Authors: Viza Aida , Arias-Real Rebeca , Menéndez Margarita , Muñoz Isabel 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Aquatic refuges are essential for invertebrate communities to cope with flow intermittence in intermittent rivers and ephemeral streams (IRES), but their contribution to recovery after drying remains unclear, although they may be essential to safeguard IRES biodiversity. Here, we explored the role of hyporheic zones (HZs) and dry sediments (seedbanks) as aquatic refuges in six Mediterranean intermittent streams during drying and their contribution to community recovery at the local scale. We analysed the taxonomic and functional composition and diversity in the refuges and benthos under connected flow conditions by combining field and laboratory conditions. We explored the relationship between these metrics and the drying duration, expecting a reduction in diversity and an increase in resistance trait abundances in the refuges. The seedbank and HZ contributed 16 and 40% of the benthic taxa, respectively, and up to 60% of the functional richness found in the benthos. Conversely, we only found a negative relationship of drying duration with the relative abundance of resilience traits, not with resistance traits as initially predicted. The expected increase in drought severity due to climate change will compromise the water needed to maintain the HZ and the moisture in streambed sediments. Therefore, the protection of the integrity of biodiversity recovery mechanisms in IRES is a priority.
Diversity and abundance of free-living nematodes from Carlini station, Isla 25 de Mayo/King George Island, Antarctica: A case study in pristine and disturbed soils
Authors: Salas Augusto , Fusaro Bruno , Rusconi José Matías , Rosales Matías , Balcazar Darío , Achinelly Fernanda , Chaves Eliseo , Sauka Diego , Ruberto Lucas , Ansaldo Martín 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This study describes the soil nematodes of King George Island (Isla 25 de Mayo) in Antarctica through molecular identification, abundance, and structure analysis. Nematodes are key organisms in terrestrial ecosystems, with important roles in nutrient cycling and trophic networks. Despite the harsh conditions in the extreme environment of Antarctica, these organisms have managed to adapt and survive. Soil samples were collected from pristine and disturbed areas, and morphological and molecular analyses were conducted to identify the nematode species present. Abundance, trophic groups, maturity indices, and colonizer-persister values (cp) were analyzed and compared between the sampling sites. The molecular results revealed four genera of Antarctic nematodes (Coomansus, Calcaridorylaimus, Eudorylaimus, and Plectus), and the phylogenetic relationships of these nematodes with others found in Antarctica were established. ANOSIM and SIMPER statistical analysis showed significant differences in nematode abundance between pristine and disturbed areas. The analysis of the nematode assemblage through MI, EI, and SI showed less disturbance at the pristine sites than at the anthropic sites. Further studies should be carried out at the Carlini Station and 25 de Mayo/King George Island to learn more about the structure of the nematode community and how they are affected by anthropic practices in Antarctic environments.
Survival outcome of chemotherapy-naïve castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with new-generation androgen receptor axis-targeted agents in real-world analysis
Authors: Shimomura Tatsuya , Mori Keiichiro , Yasue Keiji , Matsukawa Akihiro , Fukuokaya Wataru , Yanagisawa Takafumi , Hata Kenichi , Murakami Masaya , Koike Yusuke , Miki Jun , Yamada Hiroki , Kimura Takahiro 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The androgen receptor axis-targeted (ARAT) agents abiraterone and enzalutamide have been introduced against castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). However, determining which of these agents should be used first is a clinical challenge. Therefore, in this study, we compared the efficacy of first-line abiraterone and enzalutamide treatments in chemotherapy-naïve patients with CRPC.
Methods
A total of 242 chemotherapy-naïve CRPC cases treated with first-line ARAT were analyzed. Outcome measures were PSA response, PSA progression-free survival (PSA-PFS), time to treatment failure (TTF), cancer specific survival (CSS) and overall survival (OS).
Results
Abiraterone (A) and enzalutamide (E) were administered to 61 and 181 patients, respectively. The median PSA response rate (−65.4% [A] and −78.8% [E], p = 0.0341), PSA decline ≥ 30% (55.7% [A] and 72.9% [E], p=0.0183), PSA-PFS (median 4 months [A] and 8 months [E], p=0.021), TTF (median 6 months [A] and 14 months [E], p<0.0001), CSS (median 45 months [A] and not reached [E], p < 0.0001) and OS (median 28 months [A] and 80 months [E], p=0.00029) were significantly better in the enzalutamide group. In the multivariate analyses for CSS and OS, ALP (p=0.003763) and ARAT (p=0.0002052) (CSS), evidence of metastasis (p=0.04674), Hb (p=0.00205) and ARAT (p=0.005143) (OS) were significant factors, respectively.
Conclusion
This study showed that PSA response, PSA-PFS, TTF, CSS and OS were better with first-line enzalutamide administration. Direct inhibition of androgen receptor signaling by enzalutamide is associated with better clinical outcomes.
Molecular characterization of gastroenteric viruses in wastewater from cities in Uruguay
Authors: Bortagaray Viviana , Salvo Matias , Mir Daiana , Colina Rodney , Victoria Matias 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Group A Rotavirus, Human Astrovirus and Norovirus (RVA, HAstV and NoV) are recognized as the major causative agents of acute gastroenteritis in children and adults worldwide. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and molecular epidemiology of RVA, HAstV and NoV in wastewater from three cities in Uruguay. Thirty-six samples from Bella Unión, Salto and Fray Bentos cities were analyzed using quantitative and qualitative PCR. RVA was the most frequently detected virus (50%), followed by HAstV (39%), NoV GII (36%) and NoV GI (25%). RVA strains were characterized as P[8] and G3 based on the VP4 and VP7 genes, respectively. Among NoV positive samples, genotypes GI.2, GI.3, GI.5, GI.6, GI.7, GII.2, GII.6 and GII.4 were detected, and only one HAstV genotype (MLB1) was found. Our wastewater-based epidemiological approach provides a snapshot of the overall genetic diversity of these viruses in three cities of the Uruguay River basin during 2017–2018. These findings reinforce the importance of this environmental surveillance tool for monitoring epidemiological trends of enteric viruses circulating in the population, which can be used to guide public health intervention.
Circulating MicroRNAs associated with Bronchodilator Response in Childhood Asthma
Authors: Sharma Rinku , Tiwari Anshul , Kho Alvin T , Wang Alberta L. , Srivast Upasna , Piparia Shraddha , Desai Brinda , Wong Richard , Celedón Juan C , Peters Stephen P , Smith Lewis J , Irvin Charles G , Castro Mario , Weiss Scott T , Tantisira Kelan G , McGeachie Michael J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Rationale: Bronchodilator response (BDR) is a measure of improvement in airway smooth muscle tone, inhibition of liquid accumulation and mucus section into the lumen in response to short-acting beta-2 agonists that varies among asthmatic patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are well-known post-translational regulators. Identifying miRNAs associated with BDR could lead to a better understanding of the underlying complex pathophysiology.
Objective: The purpose of this study is to identify circulating miRNAs associated with bronchodilator response in asthma and decipher possible mechanism of bronchodilator response variation.
Methods: We used available small RNA sequencing on blood serum from 1,134 asthmatic children aged 6 to 14 years who participated in the Genetics of Asthma in Costa Rica Study (GACRS). We filtered the participants into high and low bronchodilator response (BDR) quartiles and used DeSeq2 to identify miRNAs with differential expression (DE) in high (N= 277) vs low (N= 278) BDR group. Replication was carried out in the Leukotriene modifier Or Corticosteroids or Corticosteroid-Salmeterol trial (LOCCS), an adult asthma cohort. The putative target genes of DE miRNAs were identified, and pathway enrichment analysis was performed.
Results: We identified 10 down-regulated miRNAs having odds ratios (OR) between 0.37 and 0.76 for a doubling of miRNA counts and one up-regulated miRNA (OR=2.26) between high and low BDR group. These were assessed for replication in the LOCCS cohort, where two miRNAs (miR-200b-3p and miR-1246) were associated. Further, functional annotation of 11 DE miRNAs were performed as well as of two replicated miRs. Target genes of these miRs were enriched in regulation of cholesterol biosynthesis by SREBPs, ESR-mediated signaling, G1/S transition, RHO GTPase cycle, and signaling by TGFB family pathways.
Conclusion: MiRNAs miR-1246 and miR-200b-3p are associated with both childhood and adult asthma BDR. Our findings add to the growing body of evidence that miRNAs play a significant role in the difference of asthma treatment response among patients as it points to genomic regulatory machinery underlying difference in bronchodilator response among patients.
Trial registration: LOCCS cohort [ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT00156819], GACRS cohort [ ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT00021840]
Dynamic of bipartite and tripartite quantum coherence of a polarized 1/2-XXZ Heisenberg spin chain with modulated Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
Authors: Fouokeng G. C. , Ngueldjou C. Tahabo , Tchoffo M. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The dynamic analysis of quantum coherence of a polarized 1/2 − XXZ Heisenberg spins chain model with modulated Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction and applied magnetic field, is investigated using quantum renormalization group approaches. In a thermodynamic limits, we derived the coherence factor and the monogamy of entanglement of a bipartite and tripartite states of the modulated system. We find that with increasing the anisotropy factor and decreasing the Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya factor Dz, the quantum coherence and the monogamy of entanglement decrease for the considered model of antiferromagnetic materials and exhibits non-analyticity around the critical point △ = 1 of the anisotropy factor. Note that, the decreasing is more important in the weak regime of the external magnetic field when applied. In addition, we perceive that the non-analytical behavior around the critical value of the anisotropy factor translate quantum phase transition from spin liquid to Néel phase and vice-versa depending on whether spin is localised on an even or odd site in the chain. The application of an external electric tens play a role in stabilizing the spins in preferred orientations and reenforce correlations beneficial for ferroelectricity that opens a route to switch magnetoelectricity with electric polarazation and vice-versa.
Prediction of Spherical Equivalent Refraction and Annual Myopia Progression Rate in Chinese Schoolchildren Based on Random Forest Model
Authors: Guo Chengyao , Luo Zhengfen , Lin Jianwei , Li Yuancun , Zhang Mingzhi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To establish a machine learning (ML) model for predicting future spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and its annual progression rate in Chinese schoolchildren.
Methods
A total of 23,832 participants were analyzed, including 12,514 females and 11,318 males. The follow-up visits were conducted between February 2008 and June 2021. The SER value at a specific future time point was predicted based on the results of at least two cycloplegic refraction measurements. The prediction model was established using a random forest (RF) model. A five-fold cross-validation was used to select the parameters and train an optimal RF model for prediction. Axial position, SER values, and age were selected as predictors. The performance of the algorithm was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R2), mean squared error (MSE), and mean absolute error (MAE).
Results
The RF algorithm had a great advantage in the detection of high myopia, with an R2 value of 0.944 in the training datasets. The established model achieved clinically acceptable predictions of SER values at a specific future time point. For the performance of the algorithm, the R2 achieved 0.994 in the training datasets, and 0.963 in the validation datasets, respectively. For the testing datasets, the MAE, MSE, and R2 achieved 0.489, 0.502, and 0.964 for the entire population, respectively.
Conclusions
Our ML model performs well in the prediction of SER and myopia progression in Chinese schoolchildren. Random forest algorithm has potential advantages in the detection of high myopia and thus provides evidence for precise individual intervention and control of myopia.
The original nerve of a greater occipital nerve schwannoma causing occipital neuralgia identified with magnetic resonance neurography
Authors: Nakagawa Koshi , Ozaki Mitsunori , Nakashima Shota , Mineji Kentaro , Ishii Kenji , Ito Masanori , Yasuoka Hironao , Nakamura Yoshinari 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Schwannomas are benign tumors arising from Schwann cells in the peripheral nerve and rarely develop at suboccipital area. We report a case of a greater occipital nerve schwannoma causing occipital neuralgia. The original nerve of the schwannoma was identified with magnetic resonance neurography.
Case presentation: A 69-year-old male patient was admitted for a suboccipital mass. Physical examination revealed an about 4cm beaded masses subcutaneously at suboccipital area. Magnetic resonance imaging showed that the lesions were not suppressed on 3 dimensional T2 weighting with fat suppression. Three dimensional fusion images (3 dimensional T2 weighting with fat suppression and 3-dimensional computed tomography) clearly revealed the original nerve of the lesions. The patient underwent a complete excision on the tumor. Histopathological examination diagnosed it as a schwannoma.
Conclusion: The present case is instructive in terms of not only a rare case but also the following of the original nerve with magnetic resonance neurography.
The Upper-Bound of the average achievable Rate of NOMA
Authors: baghani mina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Non Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) is a popular candidate for the next generation of wireless networks. Two advantages of NOMA are that it can achieve higher rate and support more users compared to the orthogonal multiple access (OMA). To support more users in NOMA system, we can assume there are infinite users in the system wanting to share one subchannel to derive the upper bound of the achievable rate of NOMA. In this article, the optimal power allocation function of infinite users in NOMA is derived which maximizes the average achievable rate of the system under the maximum power constraint. The performances of the proposed power allocation strategy are compared with simple case with only two users in NOMA. The simulation results show the gap between the average achievable rate and the outage probability of infinite users and two users in NOMA system.
Quantum implementaion of SM4 block cipher with less qubits
Authors: Luo Qingbin , Li Qiang , Li Xiaoyu , Yang Guowu , Shen Jinan , Zheng Minghui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
SM4 cryptographic algorithm is a block cipher algorithm issued by China's state cryptographic administration and has become an international standard. we implement the quantum circuits of SM4 Block cipher by optimizing the number of qubits and the value of depth-times-width. When the S-box is implemented, four kind of improved quantum circuits of S-box are presented for different phases in SM4 based on composite field arithmetic. When optimizing the number of qubits, we implement the quantum circuit of SM4 by connecting the quantum subcircuits in series. The implemented quantum circuit of SM4 only uses 260 qubits, which is the least number of qubits used not only in implementing the SM4 quantum circuit, but also in implementing the block cipher algorithms with 8-bit S-box, 128-bit plaintext and 128-bit secret key. When optimizing the value of depth-times-width, we achieve it through parallel implementation. The trade-off quantum circuit uses a total of 288 quantum bits and the Toffoli depth is 1716. The depth-times-width is 494208, which is less than the existing best value 825792.
DNA methylation and gene expression profiling highlight retinol metabolism's vital role in Hepatocellular carcinoma development
Authors: Zhao Yanteng , Wan Kangkang , Wang Jing , Wang Shuya , Chang Yanli , Du Zhuanyun , Zhang Lianglu , Dong Lanlan , Zhou Dihan , Zhang Wei , Wang Shaochi , Yang Qiankun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Abnormal DNA methylation patterns play a critical role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanisms associated with these aberrantly methylated genes remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to comprehensively investigate the methylation-driven deregulated gene expressions in HCC using a large cohort of patients with diverse clinical characteristics.
Methods
Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) and RNA sequencing techniques were used to assess the methylation and gene expression profiles of HCC tissue and normal adjacent tissues (NATs). The potential function of candidate genes was then investigated using single cell RNA-seq (sc-RNA seq) data.
Results
We identified 132,773 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and 4,322 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between HCC and NATs. Integrated DNA methylation and RNA-seq data obtained 987 methylation-driven candidates, including 970 upregulated and 17 downregulated genes. Four retinol metabolic pathway genes, ADH1A, CYP2A6, CYP2C8, and CYP2C19, were found as hyper-downregulated genes, whose expressions could stratify HCC into three subgroups with distinct survival outcomes, immune cell infiltration, and tumor microenvironments. Validation of these findings in an independent dataset confirmed the high concordance and potential prognostic value of these genes. Sc-RNA seq data revealed the low expression of these genes in immune cells and highlighted their role in promoting malignant cell proliferation and migration.
Conclusion
This study provides an insight into the molecular characteristics of HCC, unraveling the involvement of retinol metabolism-related genes in HCC development and progression. These findings have implications for HCC diagnosis, prognosis prediction, and the development of therapeutic targets.
Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli in neonatal intensive care unit in South China
Authors: Tang Powei , Chen Xiaohong , Xiao Fei , Hu Yilin , Hao Jindou , Tian Jia , Liu Wanqu , Zhang Yu , Liu Peihui 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background Multidrug-resistant (MDR) gram-negative bacilli (MDR-GNB) infections have become a public health issue with time, especially, because of antibiotic abuse now. This study was aimed at elucidating the situation and clinical characteristics of MDR-GNB infectionsof a representative neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in China.Methods Patients infected with MDR-GNB were collected between January 2017 and May 2022 in our hospital. Patient data on sex, premature delivery, gestational age, high-risk factors before delivery, delivery mode, invasive operation, premature rupture of membranes, routine blood test results, and outcomes were collected.Results Four hundred and twenty-five MDR-GNB were found in 242 patients. Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most commonly detected organisms (78.4% and 15.3%, respectively). Two hundred and seventeen extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae were detected. Only 11 cases (2.6%) of infection with carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) were detected in 2 patients, and nine were Klebsiella pneumoniae, two were Escherichia coli. Among these 242 patients, 131 (54.1%) and 111(45.9%) patients showed colonization and infection, respectively. Sixty-seven patients had sepsis, and 55 of these patients developed sepsis due to infection with MDR-GNB. Birth weight < 1500 g was the risk factor for infection (p = 0.006, OR 3.338, 95%CI 1.418–7.858). And whose mothers had fever before delivery (p = 0.022, OR 2.679, 95%CI 1.153–6.221) and the birth weight less than 1500g (p = 0.029, OR 2.768, 95%CI 1.107–6.918) were the risk factors for sepsis.Conclusions Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most common MDR-GNB detected in NICU patients. Low birth weight and mothers had fever before delivery were the risk factors for sepsis to patients with MDR-GNB in NICU.
Molecular analysis of genetic diversity in Tulip(Tulipa gesneriana L.) cultivation varieties and germplasm resources by SRAP marker
Authors: Qin Douwen , Liu Weiqiang , Tian Jiting , Liu Bin , Ju Xiuting 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The taxonomy of Tulipa gesneriana L. poses a challenging problem as traditional morphological methods no longer suffice to meet the demands. In recent years molecular marker technology has been increasingly utilized for population identification and classification as well as for the analysis of genetic diversity and kinship relationships among tulip cultivation varieties and germplasm resources.To elucidate the genetic diversity of different tulip cultivation varieties and germplasm resources This study was carried out to estimate the genetic diversity kinship relationships between 40 tulipa cultivation varieties and germplasm resources using SRAP marker system .The results showed that out of 43 pairs of primers 21 pairs with high polymorphism were selected and 249 clear and stable bands were amplified including 245 polymorphic bands and Percentage of Polymorphism Bands (PPB) is 98.39%.The genetic similarity index of 40 tulip cultivation varieties and germplasm resources is between 0.5020–0.8675 and the genetic diversity parameters including the Number of alleles (Na) Effective number of alleles (Ne) Nei's gene diversity index (H) Shannon’s information index (I) and polymorphic information content (PIC) are 1.9810 1.5149 0.3042 0.4603 and 0.3212 respectively. This indicates that the genetic diversity of 40 tulip cultivation varieties and germplasm resources is rich .The cluster results analysis and PCoA(principal coordinate analysis) divided 40 tulip cultivars into two major groups A and B (Christmas Magical Banja Luka) with the first group (A) further divided into two subgroups A1 and A2 (Madame Lefeber). These results demonstrate that SRAP can accurately reflect the genetic differences of 40 tulip cultivation varieties and germplasm resources at the molecular level.
Study on Determining the Blood GlucoseConcentration During an IntravenousInjection Using Volterra Integral Equations
Authors: Khidir Ahmed , Alfaifi Waad , Alsharari Salihah , Alanazi Ibtisam , Alyasi Lujain 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this study, the mathematical model for determining the blood glucose concentration during an intravenous injection has been solved throw Volterra integral equation and using Chebyshev spectral method. The method is based on the blending of the Chebyshev pseudo spectral method and its implementation procedure reduces theVolterra integral equation to a system of algebraic equations that are easy to solve. Forthe practical application of the method, a mathematical model in medical science fordetermining the blood glucose concentration during an injection has been solved. Tables and figures were generated to verify the accuracy and convergence of the method.The results demonstrate that the method is efficient, convergent and accurate to theexact solution.