bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh Model Discovery Learning Terhadap Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Siswa Pada Materi Manusia dan Sejarah Kelas X IPS di MA Al Asror Tahun Pelajaran 2022/2023
Authors: Ainiyyah Zahra Fitri , Saraswati Ufi 
Published: July 2023

Kegiatan belajar merupakan proses, sedangkan hasil belajar adalah sebagian hasil yang dicapai. Model pembelajaran discovery learning menekankan pada peserta didik untuk belajar mencari dan menemukan sendiri suatu konsep permasalahan yang ada dalam pembelajaran. Adapun dalam berpikir kritis dapat diterapkan melalui materi pelajaran yang sudah disiapkan. Proses memecahkan masalah diperlukan waktu dan juga melewati tahapan, yaitu pendidik harus mengenali tiap unsur permasalahan dalam materi, sehingga diperoleh hasil yang maksimal. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk: mengetahui penerapan model discovery learning pembelajaran dalam materi manusia dan sejarah di MA Al Asror, untuk mengetahui kemampuan berpikir kritis siswa dalam materi manusia dan sejarah di MA Al Asror, untuk mengetahui pengaruh model discovery learning terhadap kemampuan berpikir siswa dalam materi manusia dan sejarah di MA Al Asror. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa hipotesis yang dilakukan pada uji bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran discovery learning ditinjau lebih efektif daripada menggunakan metode ceramah. Selain itu, pembelajaran ini digunakan untuk memperhatikan cara berpikir kritis dalam meningkatkan mutu pembelajaran sejarah.
Kata Kunci: model pembelajaran discovery learning, pembelajaran sejarah, berpikir kritis
Learning activities are a process, while learning outcomes represent the results achieved. The discovery learning model emphasizes students' ability to independently find and understand concepts related to the problems encountered in their learning. Critical thinking skills can be fostered through well-prepared subject matter. The process of problem-solving requires time and involves various stages, during which educators must recognize each element of the problem within the material to ensure optimal results. The objectives of this study are as follows: 1) To examine the application of the discovery learning model in teaching Human and History subjects at MA Al Asror; 2) To assess students' critical thinking skills in the context of Human and History subjects at MA Al Asror; 3) To investigate the impact of the discovery learning model on students' thinking abilities in Human and History subjects at MA Al Asror. The results of the study indicate that, compared to the lecture method, the use of the discovery learning model was found to be more effective. Furthermore, this approach enhances the quality of historical learning by promoting critical thinking skills.
Keywords: discovery learning model, history learning, critical thinking
Ethanol ablation of thyroid cysts in the young with a focus on efficacy and quality of life
Authors: Halenka Milan , Munteanu Hana , Obereigneru Radko , Dohnal Roman , Karasek David , Schovanek Jan 
Published: July 2023

Objective
Ultrasound-guided percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (US-PEIT) is used in patients with recurrent symptomatic thyroid cysts as a credible alternative to surgery. Young patients commonly do not wish to undergo surgery and prefer ethanol ablation, if available. The effect of this approach on quality of life is an essential factor in deciding on the treatment options, especially in the young with a long life expectancy and no comorbidity.

Methods
We performed US-PEIT in a cohort of young patients, 15–30 years, from 2015 to 2020. The patients’ general quality of life (QoL), self-reported compression symptoms and neck appearance were evaluated.

Results
The cohort comprised 59 patients with 63 cysts, more women than men, with a mean age of 23.8 years. About 1.5 mL of injected alcohol were needed to reach a 90.7% mean cyst volume reduction ratio in 12 months. The method did not fail in any of the patients; a single US-PEIT session was undertaken in 46% of them. The procedure significantly improved each of the patients’ symptoms with a significant total score difference (P < 0.001). The total symptom score correlated with the initial cyst volume (P = 0.002; r = 0.395). The mean QoL score by SF-36 6 months after the last US-PEIT was significantly different for physical component summary 56.5 (P < 0.001) but not different for mental component summary 47.7 (P = 0.125), compared to age-corresponding norms.

Conclusions
US-PEIT is a safe and effective method for the young, leading to improvements in cosmetic and subjective complaints, and should also be considered as first-line treatment in the young.
Psicologia social e fake news: a perspectiva do realismo crítico
Authors: Pereira Marcos Emanoel 
Published: July 2023

Este artigo é o desdobramento de uma comunicação lida na mesa redonda “A psicologia na luta contra a desinformação”, proposta pela Sociedade Brasileira de Psicologia e realizada na 74a Reunião Anual da Sociedade Brasileira Para o Progresso da Ciência. A temática comum à comunicação, e ao artigo aqui apresentado, é a das fake news e, em um sentido mais amplo, o uso da desinformação como um recurso de persuasão. Defendemos o argumento de que as fake news devem ser interpretadas como um fenômeno real, complexo e, como tal, apreensível nas condições concretas que presidem as manifestações de qualquer evento real. Para entendê-las devemos a) identificar o que é fake news, diferenciando-as de fenômenos similares e análogos; b) reconhecer que, por se tratar de um fenômeno real, deve ser analisada em consonância com perspectivas teóricas que permitam considerá-la na sua complexidade; c) uma vez entendidas como fenômenos reais e analisados segundo uma perspectiva ao mesmo tempo realista e crítica, consideramos a possibilidade de analisá-las segundo a perspectiva da psicologia social, a partir da constituição de um corpus; e d) apresentaremos algumas sugestões, decorrentes dos argumentos assinalados nas seções anteriores, que ofereçam indicadores de como podemos enfrentar a enxurrada de desinformações as quais estamos sujeitos em função das demandas impostas pelo desenvolvimento tecnológico atual e pela crescente polarização política.
Ataques cibernéticos: a metáfora de guerra em ciências da computação
Authors: Paiva Guedes e Silva Gustavo , Ferrari Lilian 
Published: July 2023

Este trabalho investiga o papel da conceptualização metafórica no desenvolvimento da teorização científica na área de Ciências da Computação e, mais especificamente, na subárea de “Segurança Cibernética”. Com base em dados retirados de artigos acadêmicos publicados em anais de conferências reconhecidas na área da Computação ou Engenharias, a análise evidencia que a metáfora conceptual COMUNICAÇÃO ILEGAL EM REDES DE COMPUTADORES É GUERRA predomina na abordagem científica de interferências não autorizadas em sistemas computacionais. Em particular, os resultados indicam que termos relacionados à metáfora em questão ocorrem, de forma consistente, em todos os textos analisados, evidenciando o processo cognitivo de mesclagem conceptual (FAUCONNIER e TURNER, 2002), bem como o fenômeno discursivo de metaforicidade (CAMERON, 2003).
Metáfora e argumentação em tweets sobre medidas preventivas para a Covid-19
Authors: Siqueira Maity , Girardi Ferrari Caroline , Tota Felippe , Da Rosa da Silva Tavares Vinícius 
Published: July 2023

Passado o pior período da pandemia de COVID-19, ainda se discute a eficácia de medidas preventivas contra o vírus. As redes sociais, particularmente o Twitter, são o meio mais profícuo de discussão sobre o tema. Partimos da ideia de que tanto aspectos textuais quanto políticos podem influenciar o entendimento e as decisões a respeito de medidas de prevenção ao vírus. Nosso objetivo central é analisar o poder persuasivo de textos metafóricos do gênero tweet e do posicionamento político da pessoa quanto a medidas de prevenção da COVID-19, como o uso de máscaras e a vacinação. Considerando que tais decisões podem ser motivadas tanto por questões linguísticas quanto políticas, o poder de persuasão da linguagem metafórica foi cotejado com o posicionamento político dos participantes da pesquisa e sua disposição à adoção de medidas preventivas (vacina e máscara). Foi elaborada uma tarefa de interpretação de textos metafóricos bélicos, metafóricos esportivos e literais, analisando os problemas e soluções propostos por divulgadores científicos sobre aspectos de prevenção adotados durante a pandemia. Os dados foram coletados online, por meio de questionários e escalas Likert. Os resultados sugerem que o uso de linguagem metafórica influenciou as respostas dos participantes. Os dados também mostraram diferenças no desempenho dos participantes, em função de seu posicionamento político e de disposição para medidas preventivas contra COVID-19 (vacina e uso de máscaras).
Diagnosis and treatment-related issues of autoimmune epilepsy
Authors: Shilkina O. S. , Timechko E. E. , Dmitrenko D. V. 
Published: July 2023

Due to elevated frequency of autoimmune epilepsy cases, the issues related to reliable clinical and laboratory-instrumental criteria for establishing the disease etiology become relevant. Differentiated assessment of autoantibody markers allows to choose the most effective tactics for managing patients. The article presents the criteria for assessing autoimmune epilepsy as well as diagnostic scales, features related to clinical picture and response to therapy based on the type of synthesized autoantibodies. Therapeutic lines and targets for immunomodulatory and antiepileptic drugs used in autoimmune epilepsy are detailed, the knowledge of which along with clinical and laboratory data collectively allow to determine effective and safe therapy algorithm.
Developing a Scale to Measure Student Quality of Life in an Online Learning Set Up in the Pandemic Context
Authors: Gono Jr. Exequiel R. , Abalos Maribel B. 
Published: July 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic brought many challenges to the student's quality of life. The University of Mindanao should develop an intervention program anchored to the new dimensions of students' quality of life. This study aims to create a scale on students' quality of life. Using a mixed-method research design, the researchers interviewed 13 students about students quality of life. The output of the interview, as well as the readings of related literature, became the basis of the Item Pool Statements (IPS). The IPS was evaluated by ten experts using Lawshe's method of Content Validation. The researchers collected 595 observations for Exploratory Factor Analysis and 3978 observations for Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The exploratory factor analysis extracted five factors: life vitality, emotional well-being, academic struggles, learning environment, financial well-being, and learning modality. A confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to confirm further the measures of students' quality of life in the pandemic context. It was found that there is a significant relationship with the construct (factors). There is a high internal consistency and convergent validity of each construct. In addition, the ?2/df= 2.087, CFI=.962, TLI = 0.970, and RMSEA= .048 (p close = 0.650) are fitted to the level of acceptance; thus the model is fit.
Six-month psychiatric outcomes among survivors of COVID-19
Authors: AKSOY POYRAZ Cana , DEMİREL Ömer Faruk , POYRAZ Burç Çağrı , TURAN Şenol , BULU Ersel , OSMANLI SHİROLU Sadige , KAVLA Yasin , ERSUNGUR Elif Burcu , KARAALİ Rıdvan 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Long-lasting COVID-19 symptoms are closely associated with psychiatric sequelae. However, little is known about whether it is possible to predict a protracted course early in the disease. In this study, we aimed to understand how post-COVID-19 psychiatric symptomatology evolves over time and the variables that affect these symptoms.
Materials and Methods: Anxiety, depression, acute stress, and sleep disorders among patients with COVID-19 were prospectively evaluated during hospitalization and six months after discharge. Adult patients recently admitted to non-intensive care units with COVID-19 were eligible. Their psychiatric status was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, National Stressful Events Survey Acute Stress Disorder Short Scale, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. The patients’ clinical data were gathered from hospital records. Six months after they were discharged, the same questionnaire and a checklist to assess ongoing physical symptoms were distributed to the patients via WhatsApp.
Results: 143 participants were enrolled, 47 of whom completed the study. The results showed that patients’ depression, anxiety, and insomnia significantly decreased during the follow-up. However, there was an increase in the number of patients who reported acute stress symptoms. The highest C-reactive protein level during acute infection (OR=1.09) predicted depression during the follow-up. Experiencing a higher number of infectious symptoms during hospitalization predicted a higher number of protracted symptoms six months later (OR=1.5).
Conclusion: This indicates that the severity of systemic inflammation during acute COVID-19 infection may predispose patients to persistent depression. Patients with a higher number of symptoms during acute infection may be at risk of developing long-term COVID-19.
Systemic immune inflammation index may be a new powerful marker for the accurate early prediction of complications in patients with acute appendicitis
Authors: MUTLU Hüseyin , SERT Ekrem Taha , KOKULU Kamil , USLU Yakup 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: To investigate the relationship between the systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) and acute appendicitis (AA).
Materials and Methods: We retrospectively evaluated patients aged over 18 years who were diagnosed with AA and underwent surgery at our clinic from January 1, 2019, through July 31, 2022. The patients were divided into three groups: complicated acute appendicitis (CAA), uncomplicated acute appendicitis (UAA), and control. The clinical and laboratory characteristics of the patients evaluated at the emergency department were recorded. The neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), the platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and SII (neutrophil count x platelet count/lymphocyte count) were calculated.
Results: The study included a total of 1,456 patients, of whom 628 had UAA, 104 had CAA, and 714 were controls. The NLR, PLR, and SII values were statistically significantly higher in the CAA group than in the control group and the UAA group. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that SII was an independent predictor of CAA development (odds ratio [OR]: 4.65; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.31–10.17). The predictive power of SII in the prediction of CAA (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.809) was much higher than that of NLR (AUC: 0.729), neutrophil count (AUC: 0.696), and C-reactive protein (AUC: 0.732) alone. It was determined that an SII value greater than 1,989.2 had a sensitivity of 78.4% and a specificity of 88.5% in predicting CAA development.
Conclusion: SII is a simple, inexpensive, and promising marker that could predict both the diagnosis and severity of appendicitis.
Morphometric examination of the hepatobiliary duct system in healthy individuals and patients with cholelithiasis: A radio-anatomic magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography study
Authors: TOY Şeyma , ŞENOL Deniz , ÇİFTÇİ Rukiye , SEVGİ Serkan , SEÇGİN Yusuf , YILDIRIM İsmail Okan 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Cholelithiasis is a common gallbladder disease with high morbidity and treatment cost. Although the disease has many formation factors such as bile duct obstruction, congenital anomalies, genetic and metabolic diseases, the main cause is gallstones. The aim of this study is to examine the radio-anatomic and demographic characteristics of the bile ducts of patients who have cholelithiasis due to gallstones by using magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and to compare with healthy individuals.
Materials and Methods: The study was carried out by retrospectively scanning the MRCP images of 113 patients diagnosed with cholelithiasis and 87 healthy individuals who were referred to the hospital for various indications and had no gallbladder pathology.
Results: According to the Spearman rho correlation test performed by ignoring gender, a significant correlation was found between right hepatic duct diameter (RHD-D) and right hepatic duct – cystic duct angle (RHDCD-A), and between left hepatic duct diameter (LHD-D) and common bile duct diameter (CBD-D). In the correlation analysis performed only among males, a significant correlation was found between RHDCD-A and right hepatic duct – left hepatic duct angle (RLHD-A), RHDCD-A and common hepatic duct diameter (CHD-D) parameters. In the correlation analysis performed only among women, a significant relationship was found between age and RHD-D, LHD-D, CHD-D, CBD-D, between RHDCD-A and cystic duct – gallbladder angle (CDG-A), RHD-D, and between CHD-D and cystic duct diameter (CD-D).
Conclusion: This study will contribute to literature by revealing the morphometric characteristics and radio- anatomic information of the hepatobiliary systems of both patients with cholelithiasis and healthy individuals.
Evaluation of the RSNA consensus: is it sufficient for the diagnosis of COVID-19 with CT?
Authors: SÖZÜTOK Sinan , KAYA Ömer , DILEK Okan , PARLATAN Cenk , KAYA Nazli Nida , PİŞKİN Ferhat Can , KÖSE Sevgül 
Published: July 2023

Purpose: Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) Consensus for coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) is developed to evaluate the lung involvement on chest computed tomography (CT) and create a common reporting lexicon. Aim of this study is to determine the frequency of CT features in sex and age groups in patients with COVID-19, compare the findings according to the RSNA consensus classifications, and evaluate the compatibility of the classifications and findings.
Materials and Methods: Chest CT images of 281 patients with COVID-19 were evaluated. Patients were noted in the appropriate RSNA consensus class. The patients’ data were analyzed by group according to age and sex.
Results: The main findings included ground-glass opacity, consolidation, and air bronchogram. The common involvement patterns were as follows: bilateral, peripheral, and multifocal. The rates for the typical, atypical, and indeterminate classifications, according to the RSNA consensus, were 63.6%, 9.6%, and 27.0%, respectively. Subpleural fibrous streaking was more frequent in males. Air bronchogram, lymphadenopathy, pleural effusion, subpleural fibrous streaking, bilateral involvement, and a typical classification on CT features were more frequent in the ≥ 65-year age group.
Conclusion: While the typical appearance classification has results consistent with the findings, we think that the classifications specified as indeterminate and atypical appearance do not show sufficient agreement with the findings and revision is needed for correct diagnostic guidance.
Earthquake Catalog Processing and Swarm Identification for the Pacific Northwest
Authors: Schneider Max , Flury Hank , Guttorp Peter , Wright Amy 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Pacific Northwest (PNW) of North America encompasses diverse tectonic settings that can produce damaging earthquakes near population centers. Seismicity in this region is often clustered into aftershock sequences and swarms, and their patterns and frequencies differ across subregions or tectonic regimes. Characterizing the seismicity of the PNW requires a catalog of observed earthquakes. Furthermore, applications with the catalog may require earthquake clusters to be identified and regarded separately. Unlike previous studies, we explicate how to overcome challenges when combining catalogs from different countries, particularly in accounting for duplicate events and other discrepancies. We apply this to merge authoritative catalogs for the United States and Canadian portions of the PNW, along with a third dataset with data quality measures. We also perform a window-based search for earthquake clusters, which then get labeled as possible or definite swarms or aftershock sequences. We further split the catalog into its two primary tectonic regimes. We then study the PNW catalog’s completeness, and the extent to which this varies between the northern and southern parts of the region. We provide a harmonized international PNW catalog with derived variables describing earthquake clustering and tectonic regimes. This entire processing pipeline has also been fully documented and is supported with software, enabling its use in other seismic regions.
Amplitude–Frequency Noise Models for Seismic Building Monitoring in a Weak-to-Moderate Seismic Region
Authors: Guéguen Philippe , Astorga Ariana , Langlais Mickael 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHerein, we discuss amplitude–frequency noise models for high-quality accelerometric monitoring of a civil engineering building and the benefits of seismic building monitoring policies in weak-to-moderate seismic regions. Since 2004, the city hall building in Grenoble (French Alps) has been monitored continuously. First, accelerometric data from one continuous year are used to derive broadband noise models for the bottom and top of the building. The noise models are compared with (1) the noise sensitivity of the high-gain accelerometer installed in the building and low-cost sensor sensitivity models; (2) the typical earthquake response curves given by Clinton and Heaton (2002); and (3) the earthquakes recorded in the Northern Alps. Then, using earthquakes data, this study highlights threshold values for signal-to-noise ratio (≥3 or 9 dB) recordings of earthquake as a function of magnitude and distance for weak-to-moderate earthquakes. We present a preliminary cost-benefit analysis of instrumentation for such regions according to seismic hazard and instrumentation quality. For weak-to-moderate seismic regions like Grenoble area, the capability of high-dynamic accelerometers to record low-amplitude ground motions and building responses is confirmed and encouraged to enable high-quality observation of building response over a broad range of frequencies. Bearing in mind that full-scale building test data are of greater interest for improving our understanding of building response than even the most sophisticated models, the recording of weak-to-moderate earthquakes in building must be broadened using high dynamic instruments to obtain more comprehensive and advanced results.
Health-promoting lifestyle behaviours of nursing students in a tertiary care institute of a city in western India
Authors: Christian Donald S. , Kagathra Khushboo A. , Shah Drashti D. 
Published: July 2023

Nurses work on the front lines of disease cure and the delivery of health care. Like any other student, nursing students face environmental changes, changes in peer groups, social, economic or academic stress. Nursing students’ beliefs and behaviours could affect the clinical services, which they will offer to their patients. To assess the level of the health-promoting lifestyle behaviours of nursing students andto determine association of health-promoting lifestyle behaviours with socio-demographic factors. Nursing student from selected tertiary care institute of Ahmedabad city, who give informed consent for participation will be included in the study. A predesigned Health Promotion Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II) was used. The data analysis was done by using SPSS software version 21 using appropriate statistical tests. : Out of the total 182 nursing students enrolled in the study across of all three years, 163 (89.6%) possessed good health promoting behaviours. Only 39.56% (n=72) of the nursing students were of normal weight. Overall score for Promotion Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II) had come out to be 135.14 (64.97%). Overall, variables such as BMI and Socio-economic class had significant statistical associations with specific sub-class of HPLP-II. : Health promoting behaviours were good for most of the nursing students. However, sub-class like spiritual growth and interpersonal relations had better score compared to sub-classes such as physical activity and health responsibility.