bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of Transformational Leadership, Servant Leadership, and Spiritual Leadership on Organizational Citizenship Behavior
Authors: Subhaktiyasa Putu Gede , Andriana Kiki Rizki Fista , Sintari Silvia Ni Nyoman , Wati Wayan Shinta , Sumaryani N Putri , Lede Yohanes Umbu 
Published: May 2023

Purpose - Universities are unique institutions that require different leadership styles to achieve their goals. Therefore, this research examines the effect of transformational, servant, and spiritual leadership on the Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) of lecturers.
Methodology - The research adopted a quantitative approach, using a questionnaire with a Likert scale to collect data. Purposive sampling was utilized to obtain 120 participants. The SEM-PLS analysis was employed to test the research hypothesis.
Findings - The results showed that transformational leadership did not have a significant impact on OCB. Meanwhile, both servant and spiritual leadership had a positive effect on OCB. Among the three leadership styles, spiritual leadership was effective in universities, specifically in developing organizational behavior.
Originality - Previous research on leadership in educational institutions only focuses on one or a few leadership styles. The current research is unique because it examines the influence of three leadership styles on OCB in universities. The variables in the proposed model are new constructs that necessitate further investigation in order to gain a better understanding of their relationship with OCB.
Digital identity performance through emoji on the social media platform Instagram
Authors: Marko Karoline 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionEmoji are omnipresent features of digital discourses and have become almost inherent features of online interactions. Given the large and ever-increasing variety of emoji, it is not farfetched to assume that users will have preferences for particular emoji or emoji combinations, and that their preferences are indexically related to their identities, for example in terms of skin-tone and/or gender. With a case study, the present paper aims to address a particular gap in the extant literature, namely the role of emoji in the presentation of different identities of one individual, namely a US American female in her early 20s.MethodsThe data for this study was drawn from Instagram and comprises a total of 625 posts made by one user to three of her own accounts with the platform. Each account represents a different aspect of her identity, and the analysis demonstrates that while the use of some emoji remains stable across all of her accounts, other emoji are very account-specific in that they are employed to highlight one particular aspect of her identity.ResultsThe results thus indicate the different values that emoji might have in the contexts of authorship analyses. Additional studies are required to investigate this phenomenon further.
Conduction system pacing improves the outcomes on patients with high percentage of ventricular pacing and heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction
Authors: Zhang Duo-duo , Zhao Fu-lu , Yang Yi-heng , Ma Cheng-ming , Ma Pei-pei , Zhao Yan-ni , Xia Yun-long , Gao Lian-jun , Dong Ying-xue 
Published: May 2023

AimsThis study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of CSP in patients with a high percentage of ventricular pacing and heart failure with HFmrEF.MethodsPatients who underwent CSP for HFmrEF and ventricular pacing &gt;40% were consecutively enrolled from January 2018 to May 2021. All participants were followed up at least 12 months. Clinical data including cardiac performance and lead outcomes were compared before and after the procedure. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was measured using the biplane Simpson's method. HFmrEF was defined as heart failure with the LVEF ranging from 41%–49%.ResultsCSP was successfully performed in 64 cases (96.97%), which included 16 cases of left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) and 48 cases of His bundle pacing (HBP). After a mean of 23.12 ± 8.17 months follow-up, NYHA classification (P &lt; 0.001), LVEF (42.45 ± 1.84% vs. 49.97 ± 3.57%, P &lt; 0.001) and left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) (55.59 ± 6.17 mm vs. 51.66 ± 3.48 mm, P &lt; 0.001) improved significantly. During follow-up, more than half (39/64,60.9%) of patients returned to normal LVEF and LVEDD with complete reverse remodeling. The pacing threshold in LBBP was lower (0.90 ± 0.27 V@0.4 ms vs. 1.61 ± 0.71 V@0.4 ms, P &lt; 0.001) than that in HBP. No perforation, electrode dislodging, thrombosis or infection was observed during follow-up.ConclusionsCSP could improve the clinical outcomes in patients with HFmrEF and a high percentage of ventricular pacing. LBBP might be a better choice because of its feasibility and safety, especially in patients with infranodal atrioventricular block.
The relationship between vegetation and soil moisture reveals the vegetation carrying capacity threshold—A case study of a Haloxylon ammodendron plantation in the Alxa desert, China
Authors: Zhou Dongmeng , Si Jianhua , He Xiaohui , Jia Bing , Zhao Chunyan , Wang Chunlin , Qin Jie , Zhu Xinglin , Liu Zijin 
Published: May 2023

Afforestation is an important and effective way to curb wind-sand hazards in the Alxa Desert. However, over-afforestation makes soil drying occur frequently. The formation of a soil drying layer is seriously restricting the effectiveness of vegetation construction and regional ecological stability. To clarify the process of soil desiccation inHaloxylon ammodendronplantations and determine the suitable planting years, a typicalH. ammodendronplantation in this area was selected as the research object, and the soil moisture variation characteristics of this sand-fixing vegetation region with vegetation age were analyzed. The analysis results on soil water supply, consumption, and balance showed that the soil water storage in 0–400 cm soil layer ofH. ammodendronplantation varies significantly in different ages. The soil water storage in 0–11 years old was the largest, and the soil water supply was greater than the soil water consumption. The soil water storage in profile increased with the increase of precipitation, the soil water storage ofH. ammodendronat 11–22 years old increased first and then decreased with precipitation, and the inflexion existed in 16.5 years old. The soil water consumption ofH. ammodendronplantation at 22–46 years old was greater than that of soil water supplement, and the soil moisture appeared negative balance continuously. Therefore, to prevent further deterioration of soil moisture ecological environment in theH. ammodendronplantation and to promote the sustainable development of afforestation in desert areas, thinning measures are suggested when the growth period reaches 16.5 years. The research results could provide scientific basis for afforestation and soil dry layer regulation in the Alxa desert.
Identification of genetic alterations in couples and their products of conceptions from recurrent pregnancy loss in North Indian population
Authors: Srivastava Priyanka , Bamba Chitra , Chopra Seema , Rohilla Minakshi , Chaudhry Chakshu , Kaur Anupriya , Panigrahi Inusha , Mandal Kausik 
Published: May 2023

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is one of the most common pregnancy-related complications, which can be stressful and emotionally draining for a couple. Genetic alterations, which are responsible for RPL, can be present in either of the three genomes: mother, father, or their fetuses. In addition, environmental factors interacting with these three genomes can affect germline cells. With this aim, the present study was conducted to understand the underlying etiology of RPL using Next-generation sequencing (NGS; couple exome and TRIO exomes) in combination with cytogenetic tests [karyotyping and chromosomal microarray (CMA)].Material &amp; Methods: In present study we recruited 61 couples with RPL (history of ≥ 2 abortions) and 31 products of conceptions (POCs). For all couples karyotyping was done at the time of recruitment, followed by collection of POC samples and parental blood samples. Before processing POC samples for CMA, they were checked for maternal cell contamination (MCC) by QF-PCR. In POC samples with no pathogenic variant, TRIO exome sequencing was done. Further, in case of unavailability of POC sample, couple exome sequencing was done for RPL couples.Results: In six individuals out of 61 couples (5%), abnormality in karyotypes was detected. Among 116 normal karyotypes, there were 11 heteromorphisms (9.5%), for which the couples had to be counselled and reassured. Out of the 31 POCs, 10 were excluded because of MCC (around 30%) and one had major aneuploidy. CMA in POCs identified pathogenic copy number variations (CNVs) in 25% of cases (5/20) and variant of unknown significance (VUS) in 20% of cases (4/20). Autosomal trisomy was the most frequent chromosomal abnormality diagnosed. NGS was performed to establish single-gene causes of RPL. Couple exome sequencing was performed in 20 couples, and 14 were found to be carriers for autosomal recessive conditions. A total of 50 potential disease-causing variants in 40 genes were identified in 33 of 40 individuals (82.5%). Putative causative variants were identified in 37.5% of the TRIO cases (3/8). Mutations in few important genes (SRP54, ERBB4, NEB, ALMS, ALAD, MTHFR, F5, and APOE), which are involved in vital pathways, early embryonic development, and fetal demise, were identified in the POCs.Conclusion: It enhances our understanding of prenatal phenotypes of many Mendelian disorders. These mutated genes may play an auxiliary role in the development of treatment strategies for RPL. There was no correlation of the number of abortions with etiological yield of any technique to detect the cause of RPL. This study shows the utilization of combination of techniques in improving our understanding of the cause of early embryonic lethality in humans.
Women's experiences with implementation of the physiologic birth program in Iran: a qualitative content analysis study
Authors: Moridi Azam , Abedi Parvin , Iravani Mina , Khosravi Shahla , Alianmoghaddam Narges , Maraghi Elham , Saadati Najmieh 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionIncreased rate of caesarean section (CS) without medical indication is a global concern. According to the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO), the physiologic birth program is one of the strategies for reducing the rate of unnecessary caesarean sections. The aim of this study is to explain women's experiences with the implementation of the physiologic birth program in Iran.Materials and methodsThis study is a part of a mixed-method study involving 15 targeted semi-structured interviews individually conducted with women attending physiologic birth classes between January 2022 and June 2022. Interviews continued until data saturation was achieved. Data were analyzed using conventional content analysis approach based on the criteria proposed by Graneheim and Lundman, using MAXQDA10 software.ResultsAnalysis of the findings of the study led to the emergence of 2 themes, 4 categories, and 10 subcategories. The first theme was the positive experiences of the women (“satisfaction with pregnancy” and “making the childbirth process pleasant”), and the second theme was their negative experiences with physiologic birth (“challenges and limitation of physiologic birth program” and “lack of high-quality obstetric services in the public health system”).ConclusionThe results of this study showed that childbirth preparation classes reduced women's fear and stress and enhanced their positive attitude toward vaginal delivery by preparing them for childbirth. Also, effective communication with midwives and their support along with efficient implementation of physiologic birth techniques led to successful pain management and satisfaction with the birth process. Policymakers should implement strategies to remove limitations and make this program accessible to all women.
A specific combination of laboratory data is associated with overweight lungs in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia at hospital admission: secondary cross-sectional analysis of a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Silva Pedro L. , Cruz Fernanda F. , Martins Camila M. , Herrmann Jacob , Gerard Sarah E. , Xin Yi , Cereda Maurizio , Ball Lorenzo , Pelosi Paolo , Rocco Patricia R. M. 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundLung weight may be measured with quantitative chest computed tomography (CT) in patients with COVID-19 to characterize the severity of pulmonary edema and assess prognosis. However, this quantitative analysis is often not accessible, which led to the hypothesis that specific laboratory data may help identify overweight lungs.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was a secondary analysis of data from SARITA2, a randomized clinical trial comparing nitazoxanide and placebo in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Adult patients (≥18 years) requiring supplemental oxygen due to COVID-19 pneumonia were enrolled between April 20 and October 15, 2020, in 19 hospitals in Brazil. The weight of the lungs as well as laboratory data [hemoglobin, leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, C-reactive protein, D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and ferritin] and 47 additional specific blood biomarkers were assessed.ResultsNinety-three patients were included in the study: 46 patients presented with underweight lungs (defined by ≤0% of excess lung weight) and 47 patients presented with overweight lungs (&gt;0% of excess lung weight). Leukocytes, neutrophils, D-dimer, and LDH were higher in patients with overweight lungs. Among the 47 blood biomarkers investigated, interferon alpha 2 protein was higher and leukocyte inhibitory factor was lower in patients with overweight lungs. According to CombiROC analysis, the combinations of D-dimer/LDH/leukocytes, D-dimer/LDH/neutrophils, and D-dimer/LDH/leukocytes/neutrophils achieved the highest area under the curve with the best accuracy to detect overweight lungs.ConclusionThe combinations of these specific laboratory data: D-dimer/LDH/leukocytes or D-dimer/LDH/neutrophils or D-dimer/LDH/leukocytes/neutrophils were the best predictors of overweight lungs in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia at hospital admission.Clinical trial registrationBrazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (REBEC) number RBR-88bs9x and ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT04561219.
Case report: Ultrasound biomicroscopy as a guide for the selection of injection sites for dexamethasone intravitreal implant (Ozurdex) for peripheral granulomatous ocular toxocariasis in children
Authors: Zhang Xin , Hou Xinzhu , Zhang Yan , Liu Jingjie , Zhang Zhiyong 
Published: May 2023

PurposeThis article aims to report a case of successful treatment of peripheral granulomatous ocular toxocariasis (OT) in an 8-year-old patient using intravitreal injection of dexamethasone (DEX) implant (Ozurdex) under ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) guidance.Case presentationA previously healthy 8-year-old boy with a history of long-term close contact with dogs complained of blurring of vision in the right eye for a year. Ophthalmic examination of his right eye showed chronic uveitis. Notably, UBM examination identified granulomas and peripheral vitreous strand in the ciliary body from 3 to 8 o'clock positions. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results of the intraocular fluid (IF) and serum showed increased anti-Toxocara immunoglobulin G (IgG) levels, leading to a diagnosis of peripheral granulomatous OT in the right eye. Intraocular surgery was not indicated in this case. The treatment goal was to alleviate uveitis, improve visual acuity, and prevent complications. He was treated with an intravitreal injection of DEX implant, administered as a single dose every three months, total two doses, combined with albendazole, an oral anthelmintic. Under preoperative UBM guidance, two injections were performed at the 12 and 10 o'clock positions in the pars plana where there were no granulomas and peripheral vitreous strand, successfully preventing complications associated with intravitreal injection. After two injections, the patient's right eye vision improved significantly, with the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) increasing from 20/400 to 20/50. Vitreous opacity and retinal edema were reduced, preretinal proliferative membrane was stabilized, and no adverse events occurred.ConclusionUBM can accurately determine the location and extent of peripheral granulomas in OT patients, facilitating the avoidance of granulomas during intravitreal injection and preventing complications associated with intravitreal injection. Under the close follow-up and strict adherence to indications, preoperative UBM-guided intravitreal injections of DEX implant treatment for pediatric peripheral granulomatous OT are safe and effective, providing a new therapeutic option for pediatric peripheral granulomatous OT.
Arbuscular mycorrhizae influence raspberry growth and soil fertility under conventional and organic fertilization
Authors: Lu Qianwen , Bunn Rebecca , Whitney Erika , Feng Yuanyuan , DeVetter Lisa Wasko , Tao Haiying 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionIntroducing beneficial soil biota such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) to agricultural systems may improve plant performance and soil fertility. However, whether bioinocula species composition affects plant growth and soil fertility, and whether fertilizer source influences AMF colonization have not been well characterized. The objectives of this research were to: (1) assess if AMF bioinocula of different species compositions improve raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) performance and characteristics of soil fertility and (2) evaluate the impact of fertilizer source on AMF colonization.MethodsFive bioinocula with different AMF species compositions and three fertilizer sources were applied to tissue culture raspberry transplants in a randomized complete block design with eight replicates. Plants were grown in a greenhouse for 14 weeks and plant growth, tissue nutrient concentrations, soil fertility, and AMF root colonization were measured.ResultsShoot K and Zn concentrations as well as soil pH and K concentration increased in the Commercial Mix 1 treatment (Glomus, Gigaspora, and Paraglomus AMF species) compared to the non-inoculated control. RFI (raspberry field bioinoculum; uncharacterized AMF and other microbiota) increased soil organic matter (SOM), estimated nitrogen release (ENR), and soil copper (Cu) concentration compared to the non-inoculated control. Furthermore, plants receiving the Mix 1 or RFI treatments, which include more AMF species, had greater AMF root colonization than the remaining treatments. Plants receiving organic fertilizer had significantly greater AMF colonization than conventionally fertilized plants.ConclusionTaken together, our data indicate that coupling organic fertilizers and bioinocula that include diverse AMF species may enhance raspberry growth and soil fertility.
Anesthetics inhibit phosphorylation of the ribosomal protein S6 in mouse cultured cortical cells and developing brain
Authors: Friese Matthew B. , Gujral Taranjit S. , Palanisamy Arvind , Hemmer Brittany , Culley Deborah J. , Crosby Gregory 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionThe development and maintenance of neural circuits is highly sensitive to neural activity. General anesthetics have profound effects on neural activity and, as such, there is concern that these agents may alter cellular integrity and interfere with brain wiring, such as when exposure occurs during the vulnerable period of brain development. Under those conditions, exposure to anesthetics in clinical use today causes changes in synaptic strength and number, widespread apoptosis, and long-lasting cognitive impairment in a variety of animal models. Remarkably, most anesthetics produce these effects despite having differing receptor mechanisms of action. We hypothesized that anesthetic agents mediate these effects by inducing a shared signaling pathway.MethodsWe exposed cultured cortical cells to propofol, etomidate, or dexmedetomidine and assessed the protein levels of dozens of signaling molecules and post-translational modifications using reverse phase protein arrays. To probe the role of neural activity, we performed separate control experiments to alter neural activity with non-anesthetics. Having identified anesthetic-induced changes in vitro, we investigated expression of the target proteins in the cortex of sevoflurane anesthetized postnatal day 7 mice by Western blotting.ResultsAll the anesthetic agents tested in vitro reduced phosphorylation of the ribosomal protein S6, an important member of the mTOR signaling pathway. We found a comparable decrease in cortical S6 phosphorylation by Western blotting in sevoflurane anesthetized neonatal mice. Using a systems approach, we determined that propofol, etomidate, dexmedetomidine, and APV/TTX all similarly modulate a signaling module that includes pS6 and other cell mediators of the mTOR-signaling pathway.DiscussionReduction in S6 phosphorylation and subsequent suppression of the mTOR pathway may be a common and novel signaling event that mediates the impact of general anesthetics on neural circuit development.
Early-onset locally advanced rectal cancer characteristics, a practical nomogram and risk stratification system: a population-based study
Authors: Su Yang , Yang Da Shuai , Li Yan qi , Qin Jichao , Liu Lu 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundThe purpose of this study is to construct a novel and practical nomogram and risk stratification system to accurately predict cancer-specific survival (CSS) of early-onset locally advanced rectal cancer (EO-LARC) patients.MethodsA total of 2440 patients diagnosed with EO-LARC between 2010 and 2019 were screened from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. The pool of potentially eligible patients was randomly divided into two groups: a training cohort (N=1708) and a validation cohort (N=732). The nomogram was developed and calibrated using various methods, including the coherence index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC), calibration curves, and decision curves (DCA). A new risk classification system was established based on the nomogram. To compare the performance of this nomogram to that of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system, DCA, net reclassification index (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were employed.ResultSeven variables were included in the model. The area under the ROC curve (AUC) for the training cohort was 0.766, 0.736, and 0.731 at 3, 6, and 9 years, respectively. Calibration plots displayed good consistency between actual observations and the nomogram’s predictions. The DCA curve further demonstrated the validity of the nomination form in clinical practice. Based on the scores of the nomogram, all patients were divided into a low-risk group, a middle-risk group, and a high-risk group. NRI for the 3-, 6-, and 9-year CSS(training cohort: 0.48, 0.45, 0.52; validation cohort: 0.42, 0.37, 0.37), IDI for the 3-, 6-, and 9-year CSS (training cohort: 0.09, 0.10, 0.11; validation cohort: 0.07, 0.08, 0.08). The Kaplan-Meier curve revealed that the new risk classification system possesses a more extraordinary ability to identify patients in different risk groups than the AJCC staging.ConclusionA practical prognostic nomogram and novel risk classification system have been developed to efficiently predict the prognosis of EO-LARC. These tools can serve as a guide to individualize patient treatment and improve clinical decision-making.