bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An eclipsing 47 min double white dwarf binary at 400 pc
Authors: Munday James , Tremblay P-E , Hermes J J , Barlow Brad , Pelisoli Ingrid , Marsh T R , Parsons Steven G , Jones David , Kepler S O , Brown Alex , Littlefair S P , Hegedus R , Baran Andrzej , Breedt Elmé , Dhillon V S , Dyer Martin J , Green Matthew J , Kennedy Mark R , Kerry Paul , Lopez Isaac D , Romero Alejandra D , Sahman Dave , Worters Hannah L 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
We present the discovery of the eclipsing double white dwarf (WD) binary WDJ 022558.21−692025.38 that has an orbital period of 47.19 min. Following identification with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, we obtained time series ground based spectroscopy and high-speed multiband ULTRACAM photometry which indicate a primary DA WD of mass $0.40\pm 0.04\, \text{M}_\odot$ and a $0.28\pm 0.02\, \text{M}_\odot$ mass secondary WD, which is likely of type DA as well. The system becomes the third-closest eclipsing double WD binary discovered with a distance of approximately 400 pc and will be a detectable source for upcoming gravitational wave detectors in the mHz frequency range. Its orbital decay will be measurable photometrically within 10 yr to a precision of better than 1 per cent. The fate of the binary is to merge in approximately 41 Myr, likely forming a single, more massive WD.
Dynamics around non-spherical symmetric bodies: II. The case of a prolate body
Authors: Ribeiro T , Winter O C , Madeira G , Giuliatti Winter S M 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
Dynamic exploration around non-spherical bodies has increased in recent decades due to the interest in studying the motion of spacecraft orbits, moons, and particle ring around these bodies. The dynamic structure around these objects is defined by regular and chaotic regions. The Poincaré surface of section technique allows mapping these regions, identifying the location of resonances, and the size of regular and chaotic zones, thus helping us to understand the dynamics around these bodies. Using this technique, we map in the a–e space the stable and unstable regions around ellipsoidal bodies, such as the dwarf planet Haumea, the centaur Chariklo, and other five hypothetical bodies, in which we keep part of the physical parameters of Haumea but we varied its period of rotation and ellipticity, to analyse the impact of these alterations in the extensions of the stable and unstable regions due to first kind orbits and spin-orbit type resonances. We identified a large region of stability, in semimajor axis and eccentricity, due to the first kind orbits. Periodic orbits of the first kind are present in a large semimajor axis interval for all considered systems and have almost zero eccentricity, while resonant and quasi-periodic orbits have high eccentricities. Furthermore, we identified the bifurcation of the 2:6 resonance when there is a spin reduction of a body with the same physical parameters as Haumea. This bifurcation generates a chaotic region, reducing the extension of the stability zone.
On the detectability of strong lensing in near-infrared surveys
Authors: Holloway Philip , Verma Aprajita , Marshall Philip J , More Anupreeta , Tecza Matthias 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
We present new lensing frequency estimates for existing and forthcoming deep near-infrared surveys, including those from JWST and VISTA. The estimates are based on the JAdes extragalactic Ultradeep Artificial Realisations (JAGUAR) galaxy catalogue accounting for the full photometry and morphologies for each galaxy. Due to the limited area of the JAGUAR simulations, they are less suited to wide-area surveys; however, we also present extrapolations to the surveys carried out by Euclid and the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope. The methodology does not make assumptions about the nature of the lens itself and probes a wide range of lens masses. The lenses and sources are selected from the same catalogue and extend the analysis from the visible bands into the near-infrared. After generating realistic simulated lensed sources and selecting those that are detectable with SNR &gt; 20, we verify the lensing frequency expectations against published lens samples selected in the visible, finding them to be broadly consistent. We find that JWST could yield ∼65 lensed systems in COSMOS-Web, of which ∼25 per cent have source redshifts &gt;4. Deeper, narrower programs (e.g. JADES-Medium) will probe more typical source galaxies (in flux and mass) but will find fewer systems (∼25). Of the surveys we investigate, we find 55–80 per cent have detectable multiple imaging. Forthcoming NIR surveys will likely reveal new and diverse strong lens systems including lensed sources that are at higher redshift (JWST) and dustier, more massive and older (Euclid NISP) than those typically detected in the corresponding visible surveys.
On the general nature of 21-cm-Lyman α emitter cross-correlations during reionization
Authors: Hutter Anne , Heneka Caroline , Dayal Pratika , Gottlöber Stefan , Mesinger Andrei , Trebitsch Maxime , Yepes Gustavo 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
We explore how the characteristics of the cross-correlation functions between the 21-cm emission from the spin-flip transition of neutral hydrogen (H $\scriptstyle \rm I $) and early Lyman α (Ly α) radiation emitting galaxies (Ly α emitters, LAEs) depend on the reionization history and topology and the simulated volume. For this purpose, we develop an analytic expression for the 21-cm-LAE cross-correlation function and compare it to results derived from different astraeus and 21cmfast reionization simulations covering a physically plausible range of scenarios where either low-mass (≲ 109.5 M⊙) or massive (≳ 109.5 M⊙) galaxies drive reionization. Our key findings are: (i) the negative small-scale (≲ 2 cMpc) cross-correlation amplitude scales with the intergalactic medium’s (IGM) average H $\scriptstyle \rm I $ fraction (〈χH i〉) and spin-temperature weighted overdensity in neutral regions (〈1 + δ〉H i); (ii) the inversion point of the cross-correlation function traces the peak of the size distribution of ionized regions around LAEs; (iii) the cross-correlation amplitude at small scales is sensitive to the reionization topology, with its anticorrelation or correlation decreasing the stronger the ionizing emissivity of the underlying galaxy population is correlated to the cosmic web gas distribution (i.e. the more low-mass galaxies drive reionization); (iv) the required simulation volume to not underpredict the 21-cm-LAE anticorrelation amplitude when the cross-correlation is derived via the cross-power spectrum rises as the size of ionized regions and their variance increases. Our analytic expression can serve two purposes: to test whether simulation volumes are sufficiently large, and to act as a fitting function when cross-correlating future 21-cm signal Square Kilometre Array and LAE galaxy observations.
Energy-dependent periodicities of LS I +61°303 in the GeV band
Authors: Chernyakova M , Malyshev D , Neronov A , Savchenko D 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT
LS I +61°303 is a rare representative of the gamma-ray binaries with a compact object known to be a pulsar. We report on the periodicity and spectral analysis of this source performed with more than 14 yr of Fermi/LAT data. The periodicity of LS I +61°303 is strongly energy dependent. Two periods P1 = 26.932 ± 0.004(stat) ± 0.008(syst) and P2 = 26.485 ± 0.004(stat) ± 0.007(syst) are detected only at E &gt; 1 GeV and at E &lt; 0.3 GeV correspondingly. Within 1σ (stat + syst) the periods are consistent with orbital (P2) and beat orbital/superorbital (P1) periods. We present the orbital light curves of the system in several energy bands and the results of the spectral analysis. We discuss the possible origin of the change in the variability pattern between 0.1 and 1 GeV energy.
Capturing heterogeneous conformers of cobalamin riboswitch by cryo-EM
Authors: Ding Jienyu , Deme Justin C , Stagno Jason R , Yu Ping , Lea Susan M , Wang Yun-Xing 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
RNA conformational heterogeneity often hampers its high-resolution structure determination, especially for large and flexible RNAs devoid of stabilizing proteins or ligands. The adenosylcobalamin riboswitch exhibits heterogeneous conformations under 1 mM Mg2+ concentration and ligand binding reduces conformational flexibility. Among all conformers, we determined one apo (5.3 Å) and four holo cryo-electron microscopy structures (overall 3.0–3.5 Å, binding pocket 2.9–3.2 Å). The holo dimers exhibit global motions of helical twisting and bending around the dimer interface. A backbone comparison of the apo and holo states reveals a large structural difference in the P6 extension position. The central strand of the binding pocket, junction 6/3, changes from an ‘S’- to a ‘U’-shaped conformation to accommodate ligand. Furthermore, the binding pocket can partially form under 1 mM Mg2+ and fully form under 10 mM Mg2+ within the bound-like structure in the absence of ligand. Our results not only demonstrate the stabilizing ligand-induced conformational changes in and around the binding pocket but may also provide further insight into the role of the P6 extension in ligand binding and selectivity.
Rapid systemic responses of Arabidopsis to waterlogging stress
Authors: Peláez-Vico María Ángeles , Tukuli Adama , Singh Pallav , Mendoza-Cózatl David G , Joshi Trupti , Mittler Ron 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Waterlogging stress (WLS) negatively impacts the growth and yield of crops resulting in heavy losses to agricultural production. Previous studies have revealed that WLS induces a systemic response in shoots that is partially dependent on the plant hormones ethylene and abscisic acid. However, the role of rapid cell-to-cell signaling pathways, such as the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and calcium waves, in systemic responses of plants to WLS is unknown at present. Here, we reveal that an abrupt WLS treatment of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants growing in peat moss triggers systemic ROS and calcium wave responses and that the WLS-triggered ROS wave response of Arabidopsis is dependent on the ROS-generating RESPIRATORY BURST OXIDASE HOMOLOG D (RBOHD), calcium-permeable channels GLUTAMATE-LIKE RECEPTOR 3.3 and 3.6 (GLR3.3 and GLR3.6), and aquaporin PLASMA MEMBRANE INTRINSIC PROTEIN 2;1 (PIP2;1) proteins. We further show that WLS is accompanied by a rapid systemic transcriptomic response that is evident as early as 10 min following waterlogging initiation, includes many hypoxia-response transcripts, and is partially dependent on RBOHD. Interestingly, the abrupt WLS of Arabidopsis resulted in the triggering of a rapid hydraulic wave response and the transient opening of stomata on leaves. In addition, it induced in plants a heightened state of tolerance to a subsequent submergence stress. Taken together, our findings reveal that the initiation of WLS in plants is accompanied by rapid systemic physiological and transcriptomic responses that involve the ROS, calcium, and hydraulic waves, as well as the induction of hypoxia acclimation mechanisms in systemic tissues.
Nucleoside analogs NM107 and AT-527 are antiviral against rubella virus
Authors: Dittmar Mark , Whig Kanupriya , Miller Jesse , Kamalia Brinda , Suppiah Suganthi , Perelygina Ludmila , Sullivan Kathleen E , Schultz David C , Cherry Sara 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Rubella is a highly contagious viral infection that usually causes a mild disease in children and adults. However, infection during pregnancy can result in a fetal or newborn death or congenital rubella syndrome (CRS), a constellation of permanent birth defects including cataracts, heart defects, and sensorineural deafness. The live-attenuated rubella vaccine has been highly effective, with the Americas declared free of endemic rubella transmission in 2015. However, rubella remains a significant problem worldwide and the leading cause of vaccine-preventable birth defects globally. Thus, elimination of rubella and CRS is a goal of the World Health Organization. No specific therapeutics are approved for the rubella virus. Therefore, we set out to identify whether existing small molecules may be repurposed for use against rubella virus infection. Thus, we performed a high-throughput screen for small molecules active against rubella virus in human respiratory cells and identified two nucleoside analogs, NM107 and AT-527, with potent antiviral activity. Furthermore, we found that combining these nucleoside analogs with inhibitors of host nucleoside biosynthesis had synergistic antiviral activity. These studies open the door to new potential approaches to treat rubella infections.
Pragmatism, partnerships, and persuasion: theorizing philanthropic foundations in the global policy agora
Authors: Petzinger Janis , Jung Tobias , Orr Kevin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Foundations are one of the oldest organizational forms globally; their number and resources, as well as their socio-political and economic importance, have steadily continued to grow. Yet, foundations’ attributes, activities, and actual achievements remain underexplored and poorly understood. This is particularly noticeable in the context of global policy and transnational administration, an area where foundations tend to be subliminal players, acting as a widely unrecognized socio-political undercurrent. Addressing the resulting need for better and alternative conceptualizations of foundations, our paper uses French pragmatic sociology of critique (FPSC), a non-structuralist, post-Bourdesian, approach to sociology, to theorize philanthropic foundations within the policy agora. Through FPSC, we present foundations as a composite setup of activity, where critically reflexive actors bring normative ideologies and knowledge to policy, providing a new avenue for how scholarship can interpret and critique foundations and their influence.
Precise analysis of gravitational waves from binary neutron star coalescence using Hilbert–Huang transform based on Akima spline interpolation
Authors: Yoda Itsuki , Oohara Ken-ichi , Takahashi Hirotaka , Sakai Kazuki 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The equation of state (EOS) information of neutron stars (NSs) can be obtained by analyzing the post-merger phases of gravitational waves resulting from the coalescence of NS binaries. In a previous study, we proposed a method to discriminate the EOS using the Hilbert–Huang transform (HHT). The HHT comprises empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and Hilbert spectrum analysis. An essential aspect of the EMD involves the generation of envelopes through interpolating extrema values. The original EMD (used in the previous study) utilizes cubic spline (CS) interpolation. However, the CS occasionally produces pseudo oscillations and overshoots that may decrease the performance of the EMD. In this study, we propose an extended version of the HHT by substituting Akima spline interpolation for the CS. We compared the ability of the original HHT (based on the CS) and the proposed HHT (based on the Akima spline) to discriminate the EOS. The results reveal that the proposed HHT yields a more precise analysis than the original HHT. With the proposed HHT, the number of events for discriminating the EOS is enhanced by a factor of 11.4.
Multilevel innovation policy mix in China: do local programmes complement national programmes?
Authors: Shi Xing , Guo Yating , Dong Huiping , Wang Shuai 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Chinese governments at all levels have been using various policies to encourage innovation by firms. However, few studies considered the superimposed effects of multilevel innovation policies. Based on the panel data of 443 Chinese innovation–oriented firms from 2008 to 2011, this study investigates the complementarities between national and local science and technology programmes. The heterogeneous effects across stages of the innovation process are also considered. Results show that the national science and technology (S&T) programmes significantly increase firms’ external research and development (R&D) expenditure but inhibit the commercialisation. In addition, the national and local S&T programmes complement each other in promoting external R&D expenditure while presenting substitutive in increasing patent outputs. This paper further finds that national and local programmes are more likely to be complementary at high subsidy intensity. This study contributes to the development of policy mix theory and has manifold implications for designing pertinent innovation policy systems
Dating reservoir formation in virologically suppressed people living with HIV-1 in Rakai, Uganda
Authors: Kankaka Edward Nelson , Redd Andrew D , Khan Amjad , Reynolds Steven J , Saraf Sharada , Kirby Charles , Lynch Briana , Hackman Jada , Tomusange Stephen , Kityamuweesi Taddeo , Jamiru Samiri , Anok Aggrey , Buule Paul , Bruno Daniel , Martens Craig , Chang Larry W , Quinn Thomas C , Prodger Jessica L , Poon Art 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The timing of the establishment of the HIV latent viral reservoir (LVR) is of particular interest, as there is evidence that proviruses are preferentially archived at the time of antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. Quantitative viral outgrowth assays (QVOAs) were performed using Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC) collected from Ugandans living with HIV who were virally suppressed on ART for &gt;1 year, had known seroconversion windows, and at least two archived ART-naïve plasma samples. QVOA outgrowth populations and pre-ART plasma samples were deep sequenced for the pol and gp41 genes. The bayroot program was used to estimate the date that each outgrowth virus was incorporated into the reservoir. Bayroot was also applied to previously published data from a South African cohort. In the Ugandan cohort (n = 11), 87.9 per cent pre-ART and 56.3 per cent viral outgrowth sequences were unique. Integration dates were estimated to be relatively evenly distributed throughout viremia in 9/11 participants. In contrast, sequences from the South African cohort (n = 9) were more commonly estimated to have entered the LVR close to ART initiation, as previously reported. Timing of LVR establishment is variable between populations and potentially viral subtypes, which could limit the effectiveness of interventions that target the LVR only at ART initiation.
IXThe Seventeenth Century, Part I
Authors: Martin Catherine Gimelli , Baker William , Gwynn Lucy , Stelzer Emily , Dyck Paul , James Anne , Urban David V 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis chapter has seven sections: 1. General; 2. Bacon; 3. Browne; 4. Burton; 5. Herbert; 6. Donne; 7. Milton. Section 1 is by Catherine Gimelli Martin with William Baker; section 2 is by Catherine Gimelli Martin; section 3 is by Lucy Gwynn; section 4 is by Emily Stelzer; section 5 is by Paul Dyck; section 6 is by Anne James; section 7 is by David V. Urban.
XVIINew Literatures
Authors: Gall Adam , Manzo Kerry , Mcneill Dougal , Miller Benjamin , Naruse Cheryl Narumi , Niblett Michael , Nivesjö Sanja , Sharrad Paul , García Zarranz Libe , Zirra Maria 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis chapter has seven sections: 1. Africa; 2. Australia; 3. Canada; 4. The Caribbean; 5. New Zealand and Pacific; 6. South Asia: India and Sri Lanka; 7. Southeast Asia. Section 1 is by Kerry Manzo, Sanja Nivesjö, and Maria Zirra; section 2 is by Adam Gall, Benjamin Miller, and Paul Sharrad; section 3 is by Libe García Zarranz and Dougal McNeill; section 4 is by Michael Niblett; section 5 is by Dougal McNeill; section 6 will resume in 2024; section 7 is by Cheryl Narumi Naruse.
Medicinal plant rosemary relaxes blood vessels by activating vascular smooth muscle KCNQ channels
Authors: Manville Rían W. , Baldwin Samuel N. , Eriksen Emil Ørnberg , Jepps Thomas A. , Abbott Geoffrey W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe evergreen plant rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus) has been employed medicinally for centuries as a memory aid, analgesic, spasmolytic, vasorelaxant and antihypertensive, with recent preclinical and clinical evidence rationalizing some applications. Voltage‐gated potassium (Kv) channels in the KCNQ (Kv7) subfamily are highly influential in the nervous system, muscle and epithelia. KCNQ4 and KCNQ5 regulate vascular smooth muscle excitability and contractility and are implicated as antihypertensive drug targets. Here, we found that rosemary extract potentiates homomeric and heteromeric KCNQ4 and KCNQ5 activity, resulting in membrane hyperpolarization. Two rosemary diterpenes, carnosol and carnosic acid, underlie the effects and, like rosemary, are efficacious KCNQ‐dependent vasorelaxants, quantified by myography in rat mesenteric arteries. Sex‐ and estrous cycle stage‐dependence of the vasorelaxation matches sex‐ and estrous cycle stage‐dependent KCNQ expression. The results uncover a molecular mechanism underlying rosemary vasorelaxant effects and identify new chemical spaces for KCNQ‐dependent vasorelaxants.
Contraceptive Method Switching and Long-Acting Reversible Contraception Removal in U.S. Safety Net Clinics, 2016–2021
Authors: Darney Blair G. , Biel Frances M. , Oakley Jee , Coleman-Minahan Kate , Cottrell Erika K. 
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To describe patterns of contraceptive method switching and long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) removal in a large network of community health centers.

METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective cohort study using individual-level electronic health record data from 489 clinics in 20 states from 2016 to 2021. We used logistic regression models, including individual-, clinic-, and state-level covariates, to calculate adjusted odds ratios and predicted probabilities of any observed contraceptive method switching and LARC removal among those with baseline incident LARC, both over 4-year time periods.

RESULTS:
Among 151,786 patients with 513,753 contraceptive encounters, 22.1% switched to another method at least once over the 4-year observation period, and switching patterns were varied. In patients with baseline LARC, the adjusted predicted probability of switching was 19.0% (95% CI 18.0–20.0%) compared with patients with baseline moderately effective methods (16.2%, 95% CI 15.1–17.3%). The adjusted predicted probability of switching was highest among the youngest group (28.6%, 95% CI 25.8–31.6% in patients aged 12–14 years) and decreased in a dose–response relationship by age to 8.4% (95% CI 7.4–9.4%) among patients aged 45–49 years. Latina and Black race and ethnicity, public or no insurance, and baseline Title X clinic status were all associated with higher odds of switching at least once. Among baseline LARC users, 19.4% had a removal (to switch or discontinue) within 1 year and 30.1% within 4 years; 97.6% of clinics that provided LARC also had evidence of a removal.

CONCLUSION:
Community health centers provide access to method switching and LARC removal. Contraceptive switching and LARC removal are common, and clinicians should normalize switching and LARC removal among patients.