bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbonizing hollow metal–organic framework/layered double hydroxide (MOF/LDH) nanocomposite with excellent adsorption capacity for removal of Pb(II) and organic dyes from wastewater
Authors: Cai Haishuang , Ma Kaiming , Zhang Ye , Li Xiang , Wang Wentao , Tong Shanshan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA novel sorbent ZIF-67/LDH@C was synthesised using mild etching and co-precipitation and carbonization calcination for the elimination of lead ions (Pb2+), malachite green (MG), and congo red (CR) from water. The three-dimensional hollow MOF structure and two-dimensional LDH nanosized layers of ZIF-67/LDH@C were demonstrated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption/desorption, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization. The maximal adsorption capability of Pb2+, MG, and CR could reach 662.25, 1729.83 and 526.32 mg∙g−1, respectively. The kinetic study proved that the adsorption was chemisorption or strong complexation and the rate-limiting step was intraparticle diffusion. The isotherms effectively indicated the monomolecular-type adsorption. Thermodynamic studies showed the spontaneous and endothermic nature of Pb2+, MG and CR adsorption onto ZIF-67/LDH@C. The adsorption mechanisms of ZIF-67/LDH@C may be attributed to electrostatic attraction, π-π interaction, hydrogen-bonding interaction, and surface complexation between ZIF-67/LDH@C and pollutants. Furthermore, favourable stability and negligible interference from other metal ions could promote the viability of the practical application of ZIF-67/LDH@C in wastewater purification.
Graphical Abstract
Attitudes of Islamic Clerics to Receiving COVID-19 Vaccine in Iraqi Kurdistan: A Focus Group Study
Authors: Abdulah Deldar Morad , Ahmed Hamdia Mirkhan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objectives:
Religious beliefs may play a role in the rejection and acceptance of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccines. We aimed to explore attitudes of Islamic clerics toward receiving the COVID-19 vaccines in a semi-structured qualitative focus group study.

Methods:
The clerics of members of the Union of Muslim Scholars of the Erbil branch were included through their representative in Iraqi Kurdistan in 2021.

Results:
This study found that both acceptance and non-acceptance focus groups approved of the existence and importance of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The acceptance group intended to receive COVID-19 to protect themselves and tried to convince people to receive the vaccine. However, the non-acceptance focus group did not believe in the COVID-19 vaccine due to different reasons: (1) COVID-19 vaccines have been commercialized and politicized by the governments; (2) the government makes limitations for the people due to COVID-19; (3) making fake vaccine cards; and (4) several serious side effects of COVID-19 (death, etc.) and not receiving by health care workers. The acceptance group reported that some rumors are spread in our community and impact the public to not receive COVID-19 vaccines.

Conclusions:
This study showed that some Islamic clerics have serious concerns about the side effects of COVID-19 vaccines.
Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway in breast cancer cells and its effect on reversing tumour drug resistance by alkaloids extracted from traditional Chinese medicine
Authors: Wu Xin-Lei , Lin Shen-Guo , Mao Yi-Wen , Wu Jun-Xian , Hu Chen-Da , Lv Rui , Zeng Hong-Dou , Zhang Ming-Hao , Lin Li-Zi , Ouyang Shan-Shan , Zhao Ya-Xin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBreast cancer is a high-risk disease with a high mortality rate among women. Chemotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of breast cancer. However, chemotherapy eventually results in tumours that are resistant to drugs. In recent years, many studies have revealed that the activation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling is crucial for the emergence and growth of breast tumours as well as the development of drug resistance. Additionally, drugs that target this pathway can reverse drug resistance in breast cancer therapy. Traditional Chinese medicine has the properties of multi-target and tenderness. Therefore, integrating traditional Chinese medicine and modern medicine into chemotherapy provides a new strategy for reversing the drug resistance of breast tumours. This paper mainly reviews the possible mechanism of Wnt/β-catenin in promoting the process of breast tumour drug resistance, and the progress of alkaloids extracted from traditional Chinese medicine in the targeting of this pathway in order to reverse the drug resistance of breast cancer.
A note on preimage entropy
Authors: WANG TAO 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCheng and Newhouse (Ergod. Th. & Dynam. Sys.25 (2005), 1091–1113) proved a variational principle for topological preimage entropy
$h_{\mathrm {pre}}(f)$
:
$$ \begin{align*} h_{\mathrm{pre}}(f)=\sup_{\mu\in\mathcal{M}(X,f)}h_{\mathrm{pre},\mu}(f). \end{align*} $$
Unfortunately, we show in this note that this variational principle is not true.
The impact of autocancellation of uncollected Clostridioides difficile specimens after 24 hours on reported healthcare-associated infections: A quality improvement intervention
Authors: Berg Madeline L. , Baxter Carla , Ayres Ashley M. , Chung Ashley , Slaughter Julie , Bilderback Andrew , Feterik Kristian , Ambrosino Richard , Wagester Suzanne , Snyder Graham M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjective:To assess the impact of a 24-hour autocancellation of uncollected Clostridioides difficile samples in reducing reported healthcare-associated infections (HAIs).Design:Quality-improvement, before-and-after implementation study.Setting:The study was conducted in 17 hospitals in Pennsylvania.Interventions:Clostridioides difficile tests that are not collected within 24 hours are automatically canceled (“autocancel”) through the electronic health record. The intervention took place at 2 facilities (intervention period November 2021–July 2022) and subsequently at 15 additional facilities (April 2022–July 2022). Quality measures included percentage of orders canceled, C. difficile HAI rate, percent positivity of completed tests, and potential adverse outcomes of canceled or delayed testing.Results:Of 6,101 orders, 1,090 (17.9%) were automatically canceled after not being collected for 24 hours during the intervention periods. The reported C. difficile HAI rates per 10,000 patient days did not significantly change. These rates were 8.07 in the 6-month preintervention period and 8.77 in the intervention period for facilities A and B combined (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 1.09; 95% CI, 0.88–1.34; P = .43), and were 5.23 HAIs per 10,000 patient days in the 6-month preintervention period and 5.33 in the intervention period for facilities C–Q combined (IRR, 1.02; 95% CI, 0.79–1.32; P = .87). From the preintervention to the intervention periods, the percent positivity rates of completed C. difficile tests increased by 1.1% for facilities A and B and by 1.4% for facilities C–Q. No adverse outcomes were observed.Conclusions:The 24-hour autocancellation of uncollected C. difficile orders reduced testing but did not result in reported HAI reduction.
CURRENT AND POTENTIAL APPLICATIONS OF 3D PRINTING IN A GENERAL HOSPITAL
Authors: Eddous Sayfeddine , Lamé Guillaume , Decante Benoît , Yannou Bernard , Agathon Antoine , Aubrège Laure , Talon Valérie , Dacosta-Noble Éléonore 
Published: June 2023

Abstract3D printing is widely touted as a game changer in medicine and surgery, paving the way for point-of-care production of personalised medical devices. Nonetheless, to date, most reported applications of 3D printing in healthcare are restricted to specific scenarios in a few surgical disciplines, and little research exists on how 3D printing can be deployed more systematically beyond pioneer surgical departments. To understand the potential for 3D printing at a hospital level, we report the results of an interview study in a French general hospital. We analyse the current use of 3D printing and estimate the potential for new applications. We explore what share of these applications could be internalised, and what would be the organisational implications and the key success factors for an internal 3D printing unit. We find a large untapped potential for internal production of 3D printed products, spanning a much broader range of applications and hospital departments than what currently exists in the hospital. We then discuss important criteria to develop in-house 3D printing.
DERIVE AND INTEGRATE SUSTAINABILITY CRITERIA IN DESIGN SPACE EXPLORATION OF ADDITIVE MANUFACTURED COMPONENTS
Authors: Mallalieu Adam , Martinsson Bonde Julian , Watz Matilda , Wallin Nylander Johanna , Hallstedt Sophie I. , Isaksson Ola 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdditive manufacturing has the potential to decrease the climate impact of aviation by providing more light-weight designs. Sustainability is however required to be assessed from a systemic view, including all lifecycle phases, and from a social, ecologic, and economic dimension. This is however challenging in early phase design, where also a large design space need to be explored. A case study is carried out with an aerospace company where two candidate engineering design tools are combined to address this. The integration of these two engineering tools are applied on a Turbine Rear Structure, and shows promising results in enabling a systemic view of sustainability to be integrated and assessed in early phase design space explorations of additive manufactured components. It is recommended that the integration between the two tools is further established and validated.
DEVOPS FOR MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS: SPEEDING UP SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT
Authors: Blüher Till , Maelzer Daniel , Harrendorf Jessica , Stark Rainer 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe increasing importance of software as an essential functional provider in products and processes requires that companies master the development capabilities to continiously and quickly deliver high-quality software features. DevOps (acronym for Development and Operations) is an essential approach to these capabilities, which has so far been used predominantly in software-driven companies. This paper investigates the conditions under which DevOps can also be used in the industrial context of series manufacturing in order to be able to steadily develop and provide software features used in these environments (e.g. for monitoring and maintenance of manufacturing machines). A concept for DevOps for manufacturing systems was developed based on current best practices and the specific situation in the industrial company. The concept was then implemented and validated with experts on the basis of initial development cycles, demonstrating the usefulness of DevOps for manufacturing systems.
DIFFERENCES IN ANALOGICAL SOURCE SELECTIONS BETWEEN DESIGNERS AND NON-DESIGNERS DURING THE COLLABORATIVE ANALOGICAL DESIGN PROCESS
Authors: Lu Han , Sun Gang , Xu Jingyu , Su Pujie , Tang Xingyue , Zhang Yajing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe selection of an analogical source is a critical step in the design-by-analogy process. Previous researchers have explored the reasons and preferences of individual designers or design teams in selecting analogical sources. Non-designers, who instead have more knowledge of other fields, may offer new possibilities for retrieving novel analogical sources. This study focuses on differences in the selection of analogical sources between collaborative design teams composed of designers and nondesigners. There are indeed significant differences in the selection of the source type, the reasons for selecting the source, the level of abstraction in inspiration stimuli, and the novelty of design ideas between designers and non-designers. This work may provide theoretical guidance for the development of collaborative design tools and methods for teams composed of designers and non-designers with different knowledge bases.
EXPLORING THE IMPACT OF GENERATIVE STIMULI ON THE CREATIVITY OF DESIGNERS IN COMBINATIONAL DESIGN
Authors: Wang Da , Han Ji 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe ideation process has a significant impact on the initial concept generation and final product creativity of the design. Visual stimuli play an important role in the process of innovative product design. With the increase in computing capability, generative design methods are widely implemented. In this paper, features of design targets and combinational objects in 2 combinational design tasks are fused using adversarial neural generative networks to form the generated stimuli. It is also used with combinational object pictures to investigate the impact on creativity in design ideation. The study invited designers to use and subjectively self-evaluate the two stimuli in a design task. Through analysis of participant data (n=20), the results showed that the generative stimuli had an advantage over the combinational image stimuli in terms of the smoothness of creativity in the design ideation of outcomes. And there is a positive correlation between designers' years of design education and their tendency to prefer generative stimuli. Based on the results obtained, ideas are provided for the study of the influence of visual and generative stimuli on the designer's ideation process.
EXPLORING THE ROLE OF TEXT-TO-IMAGE AI IN CONCEPT GENERATION
Authors: Brisco Ross , Hay Laura , Dhami Sam 
Published: June 2023

AbstractArtificial intelligence (AI) capable of generating images from a text prompt are becoming increasingly prevalent in society and design. The general public can use their computers and mobile devices to ask a complex text-to-image AI to create an image which is in some cases indistinguishable from that which a human could create using a computer graphics package. These images are shared on social media and have been used in the creation of art projects, documents and publications. This exploratory study aimed to identify if modern text-to-image AI (Midjourney, DALL-E 2, and Disco Diffusion) could be used to replace the designer in the concept generation stage of the design process. Teams of design students were asked to evaluate AI generated concepts from 15 to a final concept. The outcomes of this research are a first of its kind for the field of engineering design, in the identification of barriers in the use of current text-to-image AI for the purpose of engineering design. The discussion suggests how this can be overcome in the short term and what knowledge the research community needs to build to overcome these barriers in the long term.
FILE FORMAT SELECTION FOR EFFICIENT DIGITAL PROCESS CHAINS IN ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
Authors: Krueckemeier Slim , Anderl Reiner , Schleich Benjamin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSelecting a suitable file format for data exchange in additive manufacturing is fundamental when designing these digital process chains. Within the scope of this investigation, alternatives to the de-facto industry standard STL are to be found to overcome the disadvantages of the STL-based digital process chain.Therefore, suitable file formats are identified by conducting literature and market research and evaluated regarding their suitability to support a continuous digital process chain. In addition, typical use cases in additive manufacturing are defined, and their requirements for a file format for data exchange are derived. Finally, for each use case defined, recommended and suitable file formats are proposed.
INFORMATION FLOW ANALYSIS ENABLING THE INTRODUCTION OF ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING FOR PRODUCTION TOOLS-INSIGHTS FROM AN INDUSTRIAL CASE
Authors: Hajali Tina , Mallalieu Adam , Brahma Arindam , Panarotto Massimo , Isaksson Ola , Stålberg Lina , Malmqvist Johan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAdditive Manufacturing (AM) has traditionally been used for prototyping of products, however, in the last few decades, it has seen a rising growth in the manufacture of final products. The addition of AM as a manufacturing method in the portfolio of a company's production capabilities increases the complexity of decision-making. This is because the decisions are often not based on the same criteria and constraints, as related to conventional manufacturing processes. In this paper, we investigate this challenge by studying how AM affects the current workflow and the associated information flow for a design-make process in a Swedish manufacturer before and after the integration of AM. In this paper, it is argued that apart from an understanding of how to design for AM, it is equally important to consider how introducing AM alters the existing information flow and how to benefit from information available in various design-make process steps to facilitate decision making process. The result clarifies that the current process relies largely on tacit and experiences-based knowledge, whereas to take advantage of AM, more precision is required to capture and process the available information.
MANAGING DATA-DRIVEN DESIGN: A SURVEY OF THE LITERATURE AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Authors: Johnson Julie , Hurst Ada , Safayeni Frank 
Published: June 2023

AbstractData-driven design is expected to change design processes and organizations in significant ways. What actions should design managers take to ensure the best possible outcomes in this new data-driven design environment? This paper employs an interdisciplinary literature survey to distill key impacts that data-driven design may have on designers, design teams, organizations and product users. Findings reveal that designers may need a broader set of skills to be successful. For data-driven design to be most effective, design managers will be challenged with many integration tasks, including the integration of AI-based tools into design teams, the closer integration of interdisciplinary teams, the integration of qualitative design thinking methods with new data-driven design paradigms, and the integration of data and algorithms into traditional human-centred design practice, in an effort to overcome cognitive limitations and augment human skill. This paper identifies gaps in the literature at the intersection of data-driven design and design management, design thinking, and systems thinking.
MBSE WITHIN THE ENGINEERING DESIGN COMMUNITY – AN EXPLORATORY STUDY
Authors: Berschik Markus Christian , Schumacher Thomas , Laukotka Fabian Niklas , Krause Dieter , Inkermann David 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjective of this contribution is to present the use of Model-based Systems Engineering within the engineering design community. Based on a differentiation between SE and MBSE, the definition of three core MBSE elements, namely modelling method, modelling language, and modelling tool as well as the three major aspects of a consistent system model (requirements, behaviour, and structure) a structured review is conducted, focussing on the understanding and motivation as well as the modelling of systems. The review includes 93 publications from Design Society library and proceedings of the CIRP Design conferences during the period from 2011 to 2022. The review points out, that there is an increasing application of MBSE within the engineering design community, mainly focussing on architecture definition or combined engineering activities. Only a small portion of works (16 publications) are providing a consistent approach as these publications link all aspects of the system model and consider all three MBSE elements. It can be concluded, that there is a diffuse understanding of MBSE and different motivations are given to apply more formal system models as well as modelling tools.
PERSPECTIVES ON ROBUST DESIGN – AN OVERVIEW OF CHALLENGES AND RESEARCH AREAS ACROSS INDUSTRY FIELDS
Authors: Eifler Tobias , Campean Felician , Husung Stephan , Schleich Benjamin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRobust Design offers a coherent and widely appreciated approach for the parametric exploration of the design space by means of simulation or experimentation, which is well-established in the quality-by design domain. From the perspective of design research, however, this only addresses a relatively narrow part of the design process and is not fully integrated with other design decisions such as concept exploration, the suitable configuration of system elements, or the design of interfaces. Particularly in light of the growing importance of developing technologically advanced and “smart” systems, it seems that a new methodical perspective on Robust Design is needed. Against this background, this paper consolidates knowledge and insights from different research fields and industry sectors. On this basis, new angles to the discussion on product robustness in different domains are explored in order to suggests directions for action and new research areas, both with respect to a methodical RD approach as well as the question of systematic research procedures.
SERVICE DESIGN IN ACTION: TRANSFORMATION, CONSIDERATION, AND SYSTEM THINKING
Authors: Lee Sheng-Hung , Yang Maria , de Weck Olivier L. , Lee Chaiwoo , Coughlin Joseph F. , Klopfer Eric , Ochsendorf John 
Published: June 2023

AbstractService design has been an emerging transdisciplinary field that includes product, system, and social science, since the term was first introduced to academic research in the early 1990s. With socioeconomical shifts and emerging technologies, people have faced more complex and systemic challenges, which enable researchers to consider how to reapply service design not only as problem-solving tools but also as ways for communication and alignment to adapt to the change. The study focuses on the paradigm shifts of service from its definitions to applications by interviewing nine design experts from academia and industry, and utilizing survey results to help us explore applying service design to solve complicated social-technological challenges. We present four takeaways: 1) a new understanding of service design, 2) the purpose of using service design tools, 3) the evaluation of service quality through time, and 4) the applications of service design in the public sector. We proposed a macro-trend model with service systems: product, service, and experience to conclude 1) constructing service systems in the macro-trend context and 2) gaining holistic views and building service implementation capability in the era of transformations.
SHEAFIFICATION AS A DESIGN TECHNIQUE FOR CREATIVE PRESERVATION – PRINCIPLES, ILLUSTRATIONS, AND FIRST APPLICATIONS
Authors: Le Masson Pascal , Hatchuel Armand , Weil Benoit 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn times of ‘grand challenges’, design theorists dealing with complex systems are facing a dilemma: grand challenges require rule breaking, but they also require the preservation, as much as possible, of existing resources, systems, know-how and societal values. Design for transition calls not for ‘creative destruction’, but for ‘creative preservation’. How do we model a design process that involves ‘creative preservation’?Today, it is recognized that category/topos theory provides a solid foundation for modelling complex systems and their evolution in design processes. Category theory can account for a design process inside a given ‘theory of the object’, while topos theory and design theory can account for the phenomena whereby a design process is innovative to preserve the knowledge structure. At the heart of this creative preservation is sheafification.In this study, we analyse the sheafification process using design theory. First, we characterize sheafification from a design perspective. Next, we propose a very simple illustration involving the sheafification of an ordinal 2 category presheaf. Finally, we show how sheafification can be used to enable ‘creative preservation’ in specific complex systems.