bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ursolic acid reduces oxidative stress injury to ameliorate experimental autoimmune myocarditis by activating Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway
Authors: Fu Yanan , Liu Tianshu , He Shukun , Zhang Yichan , Tan Yuting , Bai Ying , Shi Jiawei , Deng Wenhui , Qiu Jiani , Wang Zhen , Chen Yihan , Jin Qiaofeng , Xie Mingxing , Wang Jing 
Published: July 2023

Background: Oxidative stress is crucial in experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM)-induced inflammatory myocardial injury. Ursolic acid (UA) is an antioxidant-enriched traditional Chinese medicine formula. The present study aimed to investigate whether UA could alleviate inflammatory cardiac injury and determine the underlying mechanisms.Methods: Six-week-old male BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to one of the three groups: Sham, EAM group, or UA intervention group (UA group) by gavage for 2 weeks. An EAM model was developed by subcutaneous injection of α-myosin heavy chain derived polypeptide (α-MyHC peptide) into lymph nodes on days 0 and 7. Echocardiography was used to assess cardiac function on day 21. The inflammation level in the myocardial tissue of each group was compared using hematoxylin and eosin staining (HE) of heart sections and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) immunohistochemical staining. Masson staining revealed the degree of cardiac fibrosis. Furthermore, Dihydroethidium staining, Western blot, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to determine the mechanism of cardioprotective effects of UA on EAM-induced cardiac injury, and the level of IL-6, Nrf2, and HO-1.Results: In EAM mice, UA intervention significantly reduced the degree of inflammatory infiltration and myocardial fibrosis while improving cardiac function. Mechanistically, UA reduced myocardial injury by inhibiting oxidative stress (as demonstrated by a decrease of superoxide and normalization of pro- and antioxidant enzyme levels). Interestingly, UA intervention upregulated the expression of antioxidant factors such as Nrf2 and HO-1. In vitro experiments, specific Nrf2 inhibitors reversed the antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects of ursolic acid, which further suggested that the amelioration of EAM by UA was in a Nrf2/HO-1 pathway-dependent manner.Conclusion: These findings indicate that UA is a cardioprotective traditional Chinese medicine formula that reduces EAM-induced cardiac injury by up-regulating Nrf2/HO-1 expression and suppressing oxidative stress, making it a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of EAM.
The prediction model for intraoperatively acquired pressure injuries in orthopedics based on the new risk factors: a real-world prospective observational, cross-sectional study
Authors: Li Ning , Cui Dalei , Shan Li , Li Haixia , Feng Xuelian , Zeng Huilan , Li Lezhi 
Published: July 2023

Introduction: Orthopedic patients are at high risk for intraoperatively acquired pressure injuries (IAPI), which cause a serious issue and lead to high-expense burden in patient care. However, there are currently no clinically available scales or models to assess IAPI associated with orthopedic surgery.Methods: In this real-world, prospective observational, cross-sectional study, we identified pressure injuries (PI)-related risk factors using a systematic review approach and clinical practice experience. We then prepared a real-world cohort to identify and confirm risk factors using multiple modalities. We successfully identified new risk factors while constructing a predictive model for PI in orthopedic surgery.Results: We included 28 orthopedic intraoperative PI risk factors from previous studies and clinical practice. A total of 422 real-world cases were also included, and three independent risk factors—preoperative limb activity, intraoperative wetting of the compressed tissue, and duration of surgery—were successfully identified using chi-squared tests and logistic regression. Finally, the three independent risk factors were successfully used to construct a nomogram clinical prediction model with good predictive validity (area under the ROC curve = 0.77), which is expected to benefit clinical patients.Conclusion: In conclusion, we successfully identified new independent risk factors for IAPI-related injury in orthopedic patients and developed a clinical prediction model to serve as an important complement to existing scales and provide additional benefits to patients. Our study also suggests that a single measure is not sufficient for the prevention of IAPI in orthopedic surgery patients and that a combination of measures may be required for the effective prevention of IAPI.
Targeting a free viral fraction enhances the early alert potential of wastewater surveillance for SARS-CoV-2: a methods comparison spanning the transition between delta and omicron variants in a large urban center
Authors: Zhao Liang , Geng Qiudi , Corchis-Scott Ryland , McKay Robert Michael , Norton John , Xagoraraki Irene 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionWastewater surveillance has proven to be a valuable approach to monitoring the spread of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Recognizing the benefits of wastewater surveillance as a tool to support public health in tracking SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory pathogens, numerous wastewater virus sampling and concentration methods have been tested for appropriate applications as well as their significance for actionability by public health practices.MethodsHere, we present a 34-week long wastewater surveillance study that covers nearly 4 million residents of the Detroit (MI, United States) metropolitan area. Three primary concentration methods were compared with respect to recovery of SARS-CoV-2 from wastewater: Virus Adsorption-Elution (VIRADEL), polyethylene glycol precipitation (PEG), and polysulfone (PES) filtration. Wastewater viral concentrations were normalized using various parameters (flow rate, population, total suspended solids) to account for variations in flow. Three analytical approaches were implemented to compare wastewater viral concentrations across the three primary concentration methods to COVID-19 clinical data for both normalized and non-normalized data: Pearson and Spearman correlations, Dynamic Time Warping (DTW), and Time Lagged Cross Correlation (TLCC) and peak synchrony.ResultsIt was found that VIRADEL, which captures free and suspended virus from supernatant wastewater, was a leading indicator of COVID-19 cases within the region, whereas PEG and PES filtration, which target particle-associated virus, each lagged behind the early alert potential of VIRADEL. PEG and PES methods may potentially capture previously shed and accumulated SARS-CoV-2 resuspended from sediments in the interceptors.DiscussionThese results indicate that the VIRADEL method can be used to enhance the early-warning potential of wastewater surveillance applications although drawbacks include the need to process large volumes of wastewater to concentrate sufficiently free and suspended virus for detection. While lagging the VIRADEL method for early-alert potential, both PEG and PES filtration can be used for routine COVID-19 wastewater monitoring since they allow a large number of samples to be processed concurrently while being more cost-effective and with rapid turn-around yielding results same day as collection.
Association between chronic diseases and depression in the middle-aged and older adult Chinese population—a seven-year follow-up study based on CHARLS
Authors: Zhou Pengfei , Wang Shuai , Yan Ya , Lu Qiang , Pei Jiaxing , Guo Wang , Yang Xiaoguang , Li Yunming 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundWith the aging of the Chinese population, the prevalence of depression and chronic diseases is continually growing among middle-aged and older adult people. This study aimed to investigate the association between chronic diseases and depression in this population.MethodsData from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011–2018 longitudinal survey, a 7-years follow-up of 7,163 participants over 45 years old, with no depression at baseline (2011). The chronic disease status in our study was based on the self-report of the participants, and depression was defined by the 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10). The relationship between baseline chronic disease and depression was assessed by the Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression models.ResultsAfter 7-years follow-up, 41.2% (2,951/7163, 95% CI:40.1, 42.3%) of the participants reported depression. The analysis showed that participants with chronic diseases at baseline had a higher risk of depression and that such risk increased significantly with the number of chronic diseases suffered (1 chronic disease: HR = 1.197; 2 chronic diseases: HR = 1.310; 3 and more chronic diseases: HR = 1.397). Diabetes or high blood sugar (HR = 1.185), kidney disease (HR = 1.252), stomach or other digestive diseases (HR = 1.128), and arthritis or rheumatism (HR = 1.221) all significantly increased the risk of depression in middle-aged and older adult Chinese.ConclusionThe present study found that suffering from different degrees of chronic diseases increased the risk of depression in middle-aged and older adult people, and these findings may benefit preventing depression and improving the quality of mental health in this group.
Brand-specific estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness for the 2021–2022 season in Europe: results from the DRIVE multi-stakeholder study platform
Authors: Stuurman Anke L. , Carmona Antonio , Biccler Jorne , Descamps Alexandre , Levi Miriam , Baum Ulrike , Mira-Iglesias Ainara , Bellino Stefania , Hoang Uy , Lusignan Simon de , Bonaiuti Roberto , Lina Bruno , Rizzo Caterina , Nohynek Hanna , Díez-Domingo Javier ,   DRIVE Study Contributors
Published: July 2023

IntroductionDevelopment of Robust and Innovative Vaccine Effectiveness (DRIVE) was a European public–private partnership (PPP) that aimed to provide annual, brand-specific estimates of influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) for regulatory and public health purposes. DRIVE was launched in 2017 under the umbrella of the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) and conducted IVE studies from its pilot season in 2017–2018 to its final season in 2021–2022.MethodsIn 2021–2022, DRIVE conducted four primary care-based test-negative design (TND) studies (Austria, Italy, Iceland, and England; involving &gt;1,000 general practitioners), nine hospital-based TND studies (France, Iceland, Italy, Romania, and Spain, for a total of 21 hospitals), and one population-based cohort study in Finland. In the TND studies, patients with influenza-like illness (primary care) or severe acute respiratory infection (hospital) were enrolled, and laboratory tested for influenza using RT-PCR. Study contributor-specific IVE was calculated using logistic regression, adjusting for age, sex, and calendar time, and pooled by meta-analysis.ResultsIn 2021–2022, pooled confounder-adjusted influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) estimates against laboratory-confirmed influenza (LCI) overall and per type and subtype/lineage was produced, albeit with wide confidence intervals (CI). The limited circulation of influenza in Europe did not allow the network to reach the optimal sample size to produce precise IVE estimates for all the brands included. The most significant IVE estimates were 76% (95% CI 23%−93%) for any vaccine and 81% (22%−95%) for Vaxigrip Tetra in adults ≥65 years old and 64% (25%−83%) for Fluenz Tetra in children (TND primary care setting), 85% (12%−97%) for any vaccine in adults 18–64 years (TND hospital setting), and 38% (1%−62%) in children 6 months−6 years (population-based cohort, mixed setting).DiscussionOver five seasons, DRIVE collected data on &gt;35,000 patients, more than 60 variables, and 13 influenza vaccines. DRIVE demonstrated that estimating brand-specific IVE across Europe is possible, but achieving sufficient sample size to obtain precise estimates for all relevant stratifications remains a challenge. Finally, DRIVE's network of study contributors and lessons learned have greatly contributed to the development of the COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness platform COVIDRIVE.
Missing topics for the newly established general practice-focused curriculum for medical students in Hessia/Germany: a mixed-methods approach
Authors: Kronemann Bibiane , Teichert Elisabeth , Michiels-Corsten Matthias 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundSince autumn 2022, 6.5% of the newly assigned medical students in Hessia, Germany (Universities of Marburg, Frankfurt, and Gießen) receive admission to medical studies under the condition to pursue their future careers in the field of general practice in a rural area. Students are bound by contract to work in general practice for at least 10 years and will receive special extracurricular training during their studies at the university. Nationally, this system is without comparison.AimTo optimise the special extracurricular training, we explore what topics need to be taught, or added to normal teaching, to best prepare the future GPs for their work in primary care. Furthermore, we enquire into methods to train the needed skills.MethodWe follow a mixed-methods approach. First, we have interviewed ten outpatient specialists in daily contact with general practice: namely specialists for orthopedy, urology, ophthalmology, and surgery. Furthermore, we conducted ten interviews with newly qualified as well as experienced GPs. Second, we performed three group interviews with medical students in higher semesters and three with GPs in training. Between these four groups similarities and differences will be analysed. We further plan a quantitative survey that will be given to 50 students and about 50 GP trainees allowing for validation and prioritising of our results.ResultsWe will present our preliminary results divided into three sectors: which topics, methods, and competences should be taught.ConclusionWe have mainly found similarities on the three main factors in all interviewed groups, yet different perspectives result in varying prioritisations.
Comparative study of the quality of screening of donated blood for the presence of molecular markers of viral infections
Authors: Misko O. N. , Tikhomirov D. S. , Soldatova T. A. , Aguralieva R. M. , Kudinova E. V. , Makedonskaya O. G. , Vorobyova K. V. , Bochkova G. D. , Zubareva L. M. , Salimov E. L. , Moor Ju. V. , Abakarov R. R. , Gulyaeva A. A. , Tupoleva T. A. , Gaponova T. V. , Parovichnikova E. N. 
Published: July 2023

Introduction. Transfusions of donor blood components are indispensable in providing medical care for a large number of conditions and diseases. Therefore, the issue of improving the quality and safety of transfusions is relevant for healthcare worldwide.Aim — to assess the quality of donor blood screening for HIV, HBV and HCV by PCR in several Russian blood banks.Methods: PCR, CLIA and ELISA.Results. A study was conducted to assess the quality of molecular screening of donated blood in medical organizations, which was carried out in two stages. Two different kits of control samples for each project stage were created and delivered to the project participants (blood banks). Each kit contained samples with or without HBV DNA / HIV RNA / HCV RNA. The first stage’s kit contained 40 samples, the second one — 10 samples. Thus, project participants performed 13 series of test runs (520 tests) on the first stage and 8 series of runs (80 tests) on the second one. The number kits copies sent to one participant was determined by the participant’s laboratory equipment. Participants who used the Cobas performed 330 tests, of which 255 were incorrect. Participants using the Procleix performed 40 tests, and 29 tests gave a false result. 140 samples were tested by AmpliSens, and results in 86 cases were incorrect. One participant used Vector-Best test kits and performed 40 tests, 16 of which returned incorrect. In total, 355 samples containing HBV DNA, 121 samples containing HCV RNA, and 82 samples containing HIV RNA were provided to project participants. HBV DNA was detected in 191 (53.8 %) of 355 samples, HCV RNA was detected in 119 (98.3 %) of 121 samples, and HIV RNA was detected in 76 (92.7 %) of 82 samples.Conclusion. The proportion of inconsistencies in the results increased depending on the decrease in the concentration of the marker being determined. Participants demonstrated the best performance results if they were using branded equipment. Such participants received the least inconsistencies. The biggest issue concerned HBV DNA detection due to a lower viremia of this pathogen. All samples with low HBV DNA levels contained anti-HBc, which indicates potential latent HBV. Therefore, it is appropriate to include anti-HBc in the routine screening of donated blood.
KEBIJAKAN TERHADAP KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT LANSIA JEPANG YANG BERORIENTASI PADA MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN KOMUNITAS
Authors: Cahyani Yesy Tri 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

This article provides a brief overview of the situation of the elderly in Japan, including demographic and social changes in Japan, policy direction, and empowerment-oriented community development model. Through human security approach: protection and empowerment, government retain the primary role and responsibility for ensuring the survival, livelihood and dignity of their citizens, and requires greater collaboration and partnership among regional organizations and civil society. The human security approach, is more than an exercise in joint programming. This approach is people-centered. It considers the broad range of conditions that threaten the survival, livelihood, and dignity of people and their communities particularly those who are most vulnerable (UN Commissions of Human Security, 2010). In this case is elderly people. Policy direction designed to address elderly related issues. The potential of empowerment-oriented community development intervention strategies to decrease the gap between available institutional and formal community-based services and the needs of the elderly and their families in their efforts to meet late life challenges. The policies and programs are imitable for countries like Indonesia, where there is no substantial policies and programs for caring the elderly. We can learn various experiences from Japan both in the approach of protection (policy direction) and empowerment (collaboration and partnership) programs.
AI-powered Badminton Video Detection: Enhancing Gameplay Analysis and Training
Authors: Kim Jay 
Published: July 2023

<p>This research focuses on the use of AI-powered badminton video analysis to enhance gameplay analysis and training. The technology utilizes artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms to analyze varJaccard Similarity Index aspects of badminton game footage, including player movements, shot selection, and game strategy. It provides personalized feedback and recommendations for improvement to players and helps coaches identify patterns and trends in their players' performance.</p>
<p>The use of lightweight models, such as YoloV5, is essential for real-time video analysis due to the need for high-speed processing. These models, including MobileNets, EfficientNets, SqueezeNet, ShuffleNet, and Tiny-YOLO, are designed to be lightweight and optimized for speed while maintaining high accuracy.</p>
<p>The Yolo model, a one-shot learning model, is particularly suitable for real-time object detection tasks due to its impressive speed and accuracy. It uses anchor boxes and data augmentation techniques to quickly learn and recognize objects with a high level of accuracy.</p>
<p>The research process involved the collection of badminton match videos, preparation of datasets, and testing of the YoloV5 model's performance. Precision and Jaccard Similarity Index metrics using Jaccard similarity were used to evaluate the model's performance in detecting player positions and court boundaries.</p>
<p>The results showed that the YoloV5 model performed better when tested on the video data with less clear image of judges in the background. The Jaccard Similarity Index metrics using Jaccard similarity demonstrated improved performance when tested on generalized video data was used to accurately evaluate the overlap between predicted and ground truth</p>
<p>Overall, AI-powered badminton video analysis has the potential to revolutionize the way badminton is played and coached. The use of lightweight models like YoloV5 enables faster and more efficient real-time analysis, making it practical for a wide range of applications in badminton.</p>
COOPERATIVISMO E GOVERNANÇA: UM ESTUDO DA COOPERATIVA DE FRUTICULTORES DE PANAMBI - RS / COOPERATIVISM AND GOVERNANCE: A STUDY OF THE FRUIT GROWERS COOPERATIVE IN PANAMBI/RS
Authors: Tolfo Deise de Moura , Anes Carlos Eduardo Rusche , D'Almeida Rozelaine Rubia Bueno 
Published: July 2023

O presente estudo teve por objetivo descrever a percepção dos cooperados, conselheiros, presidente e gestor da Frutipan quanto às estruturas de governança praticadas a partir da participação de todos os cooperados. Para tanto, o percurso metodológico se deu através da pesquisa fenomenológica com objetivos descritivos. A natureza da abordagem desta pesquisa é a investigação qualitativa. A metodologia, por seu turno, teve como base a aplicação de um questionário para dez participantes, cujo objetivo foi identificar a percepção sobre governança e tomada de decisão. A transcrição das entrevistas e a realização da análise de conteúdo foram as técnicas escolhidas para obtenção dos resultados da pesquisa. Assim, foram delimitadas as seguintes categorias analíticas para a descrição dos resultados: i) Caracterização do gestor, conselheiros e cooperativados; ii) Descrição dos aspectos hierárquicos da cooperativa; iii) Percepção dos participantes sobre os processos de governança e tomada de decisão na cooperativa. Os resultados demonstram que a Cooperativa Frutipan desempenha seus processos de governança através de princípios do cooperativismo e, por isso, as decisões tomadas sobre o futuro da cooperativa são estabelecidas por critérios democráticos, nos quais cada cooperado decide por meio de voto.

Abstract: The present study aimed at describing the perception of cooperative members, counselors, president, and manager of Frutipan regarding the employed governance structures, which are guided through the participation of cooperative members. For this purpose, the methodology used was the phenomenological research and objective description. As for the nature of the approach, the study is based on qualitative research. The methodology, on the other hand, used a questionnaire survey applied to ten participants, which sought to identify their perception of governance and decision-making. The transcription of the interviews and the performance of the content analysis were the techniques chosen to obtain the research results. Therefore, the following analytical categories were defined for the description of the results: i) Characterization of the manager, counselors, and cooperative members; ii) Description of the hierarchical aspects of the cooperative; iii) Participants' perception of governance and decision-making processes in the cooperative. Results showed that the Frutipan Cooperative performs its governance processes in accordance with the principles of cooperativism and, for this reason, decisions regarding the future of the cooperative are made within the democratic criteria, in which each cooperative member decides through voting.