bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
EFFICIENCY OF SOIL TREATMENT AGAINST CONTAMINATION BY EXOGENOUS PARASITE STAGES
Authors: Klimova E. S. , Mkrtchyan M. E. , Babintseva T. V. 
Published: May 2023

The results of many years of research revealed that in the conditions of the Udmurt
Republic, in the soil on the territory of the ground runs of livestock enterprises,
eggs of nematodes of the suborders Trichocephalata, Strongylata and Rhabdidata,
and Eimeria oocysts were found. At the same time, Eimeria oocysts were stationary
dominant in terms of quantity per 1 gram of soil (on average, from 204.4±13.9 to
267.4±15.7 pieces). Of the eggs of helminths, exogenous stages of representatives
of the suborder Strongylata spp. were most often found, on average 166.1±9.2. In
order to assess the effectiveness of soil disinfection on the ground runs, a hot solution
of sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) was studied at a 5% concentration at a rate of
1 L/m2
with a 6-hour exposure and a Ligrocid at a 0.25% concentration at a rate of 0.25 L/m2
with 20-min. exposure. The results of our studies showed that when
using Ligrocide, the intense-effectiveness of treatment against exogenous stages
of helminths from the suborders Strongylata and Rhabdidata was 100%. However,
despite its high efficiency, a single treatment does not completely destroy whipworm
eggs and Eimeria oocysts. The degree of soil contamination with these parasites
remains at the level of 5.6–16.8%. It was found that the soil disinfection on the
ground runs of livestock enterprises with 5% sodium hydroxide was ineffective
both against protozoan oocysts (intense-effectiveness, 65.6%) and nematode eggs
(intense-effectiveness from 20 to 77.8%).
MELATONIN STIMULATES PHOTORECEPTOR DIFFERENTIATION IN REGENERATION OF PLANARIAN SCHMIDTEA MEDITERRANEA
Authors: Kreshchenko N. D. , Mitkovskii D. E. 
Published: May 2023

The planarian Schmidtea mediterranea (Turbellaria, Platyhelminthes) has a
pair of eyes on the anterior part of the body consisting of pigment cells and
photoreceptor neurons capable of regeneration. The research represents a study
of the effects of melatonin on photoreceptor differentiation after decapitation of
the planarian. During the experiment, the worms were decapitated, and the eye
regeneration was observed at days 3 and 4 of the regeneration. Different stages of
the photoreceptor regeneration were observed such as both eyes in the regenerating
planarians, planarians with one eye, and planarians with no eyes. In most of the
animals, the photoreceptors were already visible at day 4 after the decapitation. In
the experimental planarians exposed to melatonin at concentrations of 1 and 0.1
µM, the accelerated photoreceptor differentiation was observed. The stimulating
effects of melatonin were detected in three animal groups on day 3 and 4 after the
decapitation. The study will be continued to evaluate mechanisms of the melatonin
action on planarian regeneration.
SPREAD OF CRYPTOSPORIDIUM SCROFARUM ON PIG FARMS OF THE VOLOGDA REGION OF THE NORTH-WESTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Authors: Kryazhev A. L. 
Published: May 2023

Cryptosporidiosis is an ubiquitous parasitic zoonosis that is a significant problem
in veterinary medicine and medicine worldwide. Livestock animals, in particular
piglets, are most often susceptible to this disease, however, the species composition
of representatives of the genus Cryptosporidium in this species of animals in the
Russian Federation has remained unknown to this day. For the first time in the
Russian Federation, in the north-west, by the example of the Vologda Region, on
pig farms with industrial maintenance technology, as well as on private farms using
the latest molecular genetic techniques, namely using highly-efficient sequencing of
amplicon libraries of 18S rRNA gene fragments obtained as a result of a nested PCR,
we detected parasitism of C. scrofarum in all age groups of examined animals. In
total, samples from 400 animals were studied, namely 150 animals kept in industrial
pig complexes (30 in each age group) and 250 (50 in each age group) animals kept on
farms. The infection rate in the animals kept on pig farms was 34.0% (51/150), and
32.4% (81/250) on farms. Animals that are fattened at the age of 13-24 weeks were
most susceptible to infection.
TRANSCRIPTOME ANALYSIS OF INTESTINES OF THE BAIKAL OMUL (LAKE BAIKAL, EASTERN SIBERIA)
Authors: Mazur O. E. , Kutyrev I. A. , Sidorova T. V. , Sukhanova L. V. 
Published: May 2023

New data were presented for the first time on the intestinal transcriptome of the
intestines (posterior section) of the Baikal omul Coregonus migratorius Georgi, 1775
(Salmoniformes: Coregonidae) belonging to the deep water bottom morphological
group (Lake Baikal) infected with parasites of various systematic groups: cestodes
Dibothriocephalus dendriticus, Proteocephalus longicollis, Eubothrium crassum, and
nematode Contracaecum osculatum baicalensis. Sequencing of the transcriptomics
libraries was performed on an Illumina NextSeq550 sequencer using the NextSeq®
550 High Output Kit v2. Based on the obtained data, de-novo transcriptome assembly was performed. Conserved domains and their associated Gene Ontology
annotations were predicted using Blast2Go. As a result, it was found that in the posterior section of the intestine enriched with lymphoid tissue (GALT), expression
of functional proteins was observed that were primarily associated with enzymatic
activity, with the development of specialized tissues, with cellular, metabolic and
secretory processes. It should be noted that a significant proportion of gene ontology
terms is associated with the functioning of the immune system, and with the cellular
response to stress, which, under conditions of sensitization by the metabolic end
products of helminths and their traumatic and antigenic effects, is quite understandable. The identified transcriptome may provide new information for understanding
the functions of lymphoid organs in salmonids with parasitosis.
SPECIES COMPOSITION OF HELMINTHS OF DOMESTIC CARNIVORES DETECTED IN THE SOIL OF URBANIZED TERRITORIES OF THE NORTHERN PART OF BELARUS
Authors: Masalkova Yu. Yu. 
Published: May 2023

There are not so many comprehensive studies for helminthological contamination
of urbanized environment of the northern part of Belarus with eggs of helminths
of carnivores including domestic ones. The routine examination for environmental
contamination by helminth eggs carried out by the Sanitary and Epidemiological
Services is limited to foci of incidence in humans. This determines the need for
constant monitoring of parasitic contamination of environmental objects on
urbanized territories of the northern part of Belarus. The article contains data on
the species diversity of helminths in domestic carnivores found in the soil of the
selected area. 813 soil samples were taken and analyzed. Twelve helminth genera
were identified, namely, Toxocara spp., Toxascaris spp., E. granulosus, Taenia spp.,
Dipylidium spp., Ancylostoma spp., Uncinaria spp., Strongyloides spp., Trichocephalus
spp., Capillaria spp., Mesocestoides sp., and Alaria sp., which belong to three classes,
Trematoda, Cestoda, and Nematoda. The highest prevalence in both urban and
rural areas was observed for representatives of the genus Toxocara. The helminth
species diversity in urban areas exceeded that in rural areas. The found species were
represented by bio- and geohelminths. Eight of the species found belong to the group
of zoonotic helminths: T. canis, T. leonina, D. caninum, A. caninum, U. stenocephala,
T. vulpis, E. granulosus, and A. alata.
BIODIVERSITY OF THE PARASITE FAUNA IN THE NORTHERN REGIONS OF ARMENIA AND THE LAKE SEVAN BASIN
Authors: Movsesyan S. O. , Petrosyan R. A. , Nikogosyan M. A. , Barsegyan R. E. , Terenina N. B. , Voronin M. V. , Vardanyan M. V. 
Published: May 2023

The variety of parasite species, infection of domesticated animals (including cattle,
sheep, goats, rabbits, poultry, dogs and pigs), natural infection of biohelminths'
intermediate hosts (including terrestrial and freshwater mollusks, soil oribatid mites)
with helminth larvae, and the species composition of tick vectors of blood protozoan
diseases have been studied. The studies found the infection of the above animals with
the following helminth species: 4 trematode species Fasciola hepatica, F. gigantica,
Dicrocoelium lanceatum, Paramphistomum sp., 13 nematode species Ascaris suum, A.
galli, Syngamus trachea, Capillaria caudinflata, Trichuris ovis, Tr. suis, Metastrongylus
elongatus, Chabertia sp., Haemonchus sp., Protostrongylus spp., Muellerius capillaris,
Dictyocaulus filaria, Cystocaulus nigrescens, 2 cestode species Moniezia expansa, M.
benedeni; 9 eimeria species Eimeria arloingi, E. intricata, E. stidae, E. magna, E.
perforans, E. tenella, E. acervulina, and E. exigua; 3 Haemosporidia species Babesia
bigeminum, B. ovis, and B. canis; and 1 Leishmania species Leishmania tropica.
There were also detected 17 species of ticks, vectors of blood protozoan diseases of
animals, and intermediate hosts of moniezia were isolated. Two species of terrestrial
and 3 species of freshwater mollusks being as intermediate hosts of helminths were
recorded.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION BY PATHOGENS OF GEOHELMINTHIASIS IN THE SOUTH-EAST OF THE KURSK REGION
Authors: Samofalova N. A. , Malysheva N. S. , Vagin N. A. 
Published: May 2023

Geohelminth infections are a complex and multifaceted problem that attracts the
attention of both medical doctors and veterinarians, as well as scientists. They
are the most common parasitic diseases. The annual number of recorded cases
of geohelminthiasis in humans in the Kursk Region and conditions conducive
to their spread have determined the timeliness of studies on contamination of
environmental objects with geohelminth eggs. Analysis of the study results showed
that the contamination of environmental objects with parasitic agents was 8.4%.
Ascaris and Toxocara eggs were recorded in the samples. 7.9% of the examined soil
samples, 13.7% of the manure and 3.7% of the runoff samples from the territories
were positive for pathogens of geohelminthiasis. Depending on the season of the
year, the indicators of environmental objects contaminated with geohelminth eggs
were not the same. There was an increase in contamination of the soil and runoff from territories almost twice in the autumn period (prevalence, 12.6%) as compared
with the summer period (EO 6.5%). Thus, environmental objects contaminated
by parasitic agents indicate the circulation of geohelminthiasis pathogens among
domestic animals in the study territories and a risk of infection with larval toxocariasis
and ascariasis for the population.
OVOCIDAL ACTIVITY OF THE COMBINED DRUG AGAINST TOXOCARA CANIS EGGS IN AN IN VITRO LABORATORY EXPERIMENT
Authors: Safiullin R. T. 
Published: May 2023

To control helminth infections in carnivores, scientists and practitioners have
proposed a number of drugs and agents against both endogenous and exogenous
stages. The problem of toxocariasis in carnivores continues to pose challenges for
researchers, namely, to improve measures to control the exogenous stage of egg
development. Of the modern drugs used against the exogenous stages of Toxocara
egg development in carnivores, we should note chlorine-, phenol-, iodine-, caustic
alkalis-based drugs and others which are mostly monovalent and do not meet the
requirements of veterinary practice in terms of their efficacy. Based on the above,
we set ourselves the task of testing the ovocidal activity of the combined agent
Сystodesis consisting of glutaraldehyde, alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride,
isopropyl alcohol, and polyethylene glycol-400 against Toxocara canis eggs in an
in vitro laboratory experiment. The combined agent of disinvasion Сystodesis at
3% concentration showed 94.06% intense-effectiveness in an in vitro laboratory
experiment against Toxocara canis eggs. The intense-effectiveness of the test agent at
4 and 5% concentrations against Toxocara eggs in dogs was 100%. The comparator
4% phenol provided 86.5% intense-effectiveness.
CULTURE OF EIMERIA SPP. OOCYSTS OF TURKEY POULTS AND THEIR SPECIES IDENTIFICATION
Authors: Safiullin R. T. , Chalysheva E. I. 
Published: May 2023

In our country, in recent years, much attention has been paid to the development of
poultry meat production, especially turkey breeding. In the conditions of industrial
turkey breeding, when a large number of poultry is kept in a limited area, there is a
high risk of parasitic diseases, one of which is eimeriosis. Knowledge of the species
composition of Eimeria on a particular poultry farm is of great practical importance
for the reasonable development of effective methods to control invasion and to
monitor Eimeria resistance to the drugs used. Eimeria species were identified after
the end of sporulation. To assess the course of sporulation of Eimeria oocysts during
their cultivation, at least 500 oocysts were examined from each Petri dish every six
hours under a high magnification microscope (x400) paying special attention to
their morphology. When examining and studying litter samples 24 hours after they
were put on cultivation, sporulated Eimeria oocysts of turkeys were detected in all six
dishes in 37.8% to 60.6% of those examined, and the average rate was 51.6%. At 48
hours after the start of cultivation, the average Eimeria sporulation rate was 83.4%.
The results of species identification of Eimeria oocysts showed that the following
Eimeria species were found in young turkeys on the poultry farm of the Tula Region:
Eimeria meleagrimitis (60.0%), E. gallopavonis (25.0%), E. meleagridis (10.0%), and
E. adenoides (5.0%).
CHANGES IN SOME VALUES ON THE HEMOGRAM IN THE CHRONIC PHASE OF OPISTHORCHIASIS IN THE EXPERIMENT
Authors: Sidelnikova A. A. 
Published: May 2023

Deviations of hemogram values in distant periods of invasion in opisthorchiasis
are poorly studied, they are only usually studied in case of serious complications
of the disease. An experiment was carried out on sexually mature male rodents
(rabbits). The invasive dose for each animal in the observation group was 50
metacercariae of Opisthorchis felineus (n=10). Clinically healthy male animals of
the same age and sex (n=10) were the control group. The leukogram was studied
after 30 months to assess the condition of the animals. Capillary blood smears
were fixed and stained by May-Grunwald and Romanowsky-Giemsa methods and
examined by light immersion microscopy manually using the meander method.
Statistical data processing was performed using the Microsoft Excel application
package by calculating the arithmetic mean with the standard error of the mean.
Analysis of intergroup data was performed using nonparametric Mann-Whitney
U-criterion for unrelated populations with non-normal distribution with p ≤ 0.05.
In an intergroup comparison of the data obtained, the number of lymphocytes in the
observation group was 1.35 less than the control; stab neutrophils were 5.8 less than
the control; the differences were statistically significant. The number of segmented
neutrophils in the observation group was 1.38 greater than the control (differences
were statistically insignificant), eosinophils were 9.6 greater and basophils were 12.3
greater, and differences were statistically significant. It was found that lymphopenia,
stab neutrophils, segmented neutrophils, eosinophilia and basophilia were observed
in the chronic phase of infection in the rabbits after 30 months.
CASES OF LEISHMANIASIS AMONG STRAY DOGS IN SETTLEMENTS OF THE SYUNIK AND ARARAT REGIONS OF ARMENIA
Authors: Slobodyanik R. V. , Zykova S. S. , Shcherbakov O. V. 
Published: May 2023

Our research is devoted to the study of the prevalence of leishmaniasis (on the
example of identified cases) in stray dogs in the Syunik and Ararat Regions of
Armenia. In May 2022, in the settlements of the Syunik and Ararat Regions of the
Republic, we examined five stray dogs, outbred females aged from 6 months to 2
years for leishmaniasis. One dog was examined in the cities of Meghri, Kapan and in the village of Tegh, Syunik Region. Two dogs were examined in the village of
Yeraskh, Ararat Region. Our studies have shown that the invasion prevalence (IP) in
the population of stray dogs in the Syunik and Ararat Regions of Armenia is 100%.
The examined animals looked quite healthy and felt good. Skin lesions in the form
of epithelium desquamation on the nose were only recorded in one dog (20%) in
Kapan, Syunik Region. Thus, we confirmed that in the Syunik and Ararat Regions of
Armenia, a local natural focus of leishmaniasis is actively functioning, in the spread
of which stray dogs are actively involved, which indicates the circulation of parasites
in the study area and the possibility of infection of other animals and humans
through carriers. Prevention and control measures of leishmaniasis should include
measures to control the number of stray dogs, control the incidence in domestic dogs
using serological tests, and measures to destroy mosquito breeding sites.
DISTRIBUTION OF THE MAIN STRONGYLATA INFECTIONS OF HORSES IN THE PROVINCES OF THE ALTAI REPUBLIC
Authors: Smertina M. A. , Efremova E. A. , Marchenko V. A. 
Published: May 2023

The research purpose was to study the distribution of the main Strongylata infections
of horses in the provinces of the Altai Republic. Infective larvae of strongylates after
their cultivation were isolated by the Berman-Orlov method and subsequently
identified taking into account morphometric characteristics. The ubiquitous
distribution of helminths of the suborder Strongylata with heterogeneity of infection
in ungulates was detected in the context of administrative districts and provinces.
In the provinces as a whole and in administrative districts, species of the family
Trichonematidae predominate, and their infection rate in horses significantly
exceeds the infection with other strongylates (IP, 64–99%). The infection rate
of nematodes of the family Strongylidae, including Strongylus, Alfortia and
Delafondia is 2–4 times smaller and is 31.9, 20.4 and 10.6%, respectively. On the
farms of the Southeastern Altai (Kosh-Agachsky District), the invasion of ungulates
with strongylates in general including Trichonema, Alfortia and Delafondia is 2-10
times lower than in other districts of the Republic and amounts to 59.6, 51.6, 4.8
and 3.2%, respectively. The sharp difference in the infection of animals in this region in our opinion is mainly associated with the topographic and landscape features of
the area and is due to the low heat supply and aridity of the climate in most of the
territory.
FEATURES OF POSTMORTEM DIAGNOSIS OF CYSTICERCOSIS IN LIVESTOCK ANIMALS AT ENTERPRISES OF VARIOUS TYPES
Authors: Talovskaya O. B. , Shelepova O. A. , Udaltsov E. A. , Zubareva I. M. 
Published: May 2023

The article highlights some features of the long-term dynamics of infection of
livestock animals with cysticercosis. Significant differences are shown in the
detection of cysticercosis in pigs and cattle in postmortem diagnostics at enterprises
of various types. An analysis of the epizootic situation on cysticercosis of livestock
animals was carried out using materials from the veterinary and sanitary examination
of raw materials and products of animal origin (Form 5-vet) for 2009–2020. The infection of animals with Cysticercus cellulosaе and Cysticercus bovis was assessed
using the conventional method. It was established that the Novosibirsk Region was
contaminated with cysticercosis of livestock animals. Finnosis of cattle is recorded
annually with infection rate varying from 0.09 to 0.01%, however, cysticercosis of
pigs has been detected since 2018. The average cysticercosis infection rate in cattle
and pigs was 0.03 and 0.005%, respectively. The leading role in the postmortem
diagnostics of finnosis in cattle belongs to meat processing plants. During the
research period at meat processing plants, slaughterhouses and markets, 814, 59 and
93 cases of finnosis in cattle were identified respectively, which was 84.0, 6.0 and
10.0%. Cysticercosis of pigs is more often recorded at slaughterhouses (53.0%) and
markets (47.0% of carcasses).
THE RELEVANCE OF MOLECULAR GENETIC METHODS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF LARVAL HELMINTH INFECTIONS (DIROFILARIASIS, ECHINOCOCCOSIS)
Authors: Telicheva V. O. , Nagorniy S. A. , Kiosova Yu. V. , Ermakova L. A. , Strelnikova G. V. , Kornienko I. V. 
Published: May 2023

Larval helminth infections remain a serious medical and social economic problem
in many countries of the world, and the Russian Federation is no exception in this
respect. Methods of direct diagnostics require highly qualified laboratory specialists.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can become an alternative to the method of
morphological identification of helminths. We have selected and synthesized
oligonucleotide primers based on known sequences of the species Dirofilaria repens
and D. immitis; for E. granulosus; and for E. multilocularis. The sensitivity and
specificity of the developed primers for D. repens and D. immitis has been confirmed
in practice. We identified biological material from different biotopes from 2 patients.
Both causative agents were identified as D. repens by two methods. To diagnose
echinococcosis, we selected and synthesized 3 pairs of original specific primers
for a fragment of the mtDNA-COI gene to detect Echinococcus spp. DNA; for E.
granulosus and E. multilocularis. Based on the results of the performed work, an
Application for an invention was executed and sent. The parallel application of two
methods for the study of biological material minimizes diagnostic errors of larval
helminth infections.
STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF AN INSECTICIDAL PREPARATION BASED ON PAECILOMYCES FUMOSOROSEA AGAINST ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE MELOIDOGYNE ARENARIA
Authors: Udalova Zh. V. , Butorina N. N. , Zinovieva S. V. 
Published: May 2023

The efficacy of a commercial insecticidal preparation based on Paecilomyces
fumosorosea, Pecilomycin PM116, against root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne
arenaria) was evaluated on tomatoes. A comparison was made with biological
(Nematophagin) and chemical (Vydate 5G) nematicides. Pecilomycin and
Nematophagin did not suppress the development of plants, their weight and size
were at the level of healthy controls. The analysis of photosynthetic pigments showed
that the chlorophyll b level, the sum of chlorophylls and carotenoids when the root
system was treated with Pecilomycin was comparable to healthy controls. Despite the fact that the plants treated with Pecilomycin were completely infected, their infection
rate was 1.27 times lower than the controls, and single galls were only present on the
roots. The treatment of the roots with Pecilomycin did not significantly affect the
number and size of galls; the females in them were at the control level; however, the
number of eggs in oothecae was 1.5 times less. Thus, Pecilomycin has an inhibitory
effect on the root-knot nematode and a beneficial effect on the tomato plant. Further
research and search for new strains of P. fumosorosea with high virulence against one
or more pests opens up opportunities for the creation of new bionematicides.