bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Responsiveness to Vasoconstrictor Therapy in Hepatorenal Syndrome Type 1
Authors: Velez Juan Carlos Q. , Karakala Nithin , Tayebi Kasra , Wickman Terrance J. , Mohamed Muner M. B. , Kovacic Rosemary A. , Therapondos George , Kanduri Swetha R. , Allegretti Andrew S. , Belcher Justin M. , Regner Kevin R. , Wentowski Cathy 
Published: February 2023

Key Points

Raising the mean arterial pressure (MAP) during management of hepatorenal syndrome type 1 (HRS-1) is associated with improvement in kidney function, independently of baseline MAP or model for end-stage liver disease.Raising the MAP by 15 mm Hg or greater leads to greater reduction in serum creatinine in HRS-1.Norepinephrine use confers greater probability of improvement in kidney function in HRS-1 compared with midodrine/octreotide.

Background
Raising mean arterial pressure (MAP) during treatment of hepatorenal syndrome type 1 (HRS-1) with vasoconstrictors (VCs) is associated with renal recovery. However, the optimal MAP target and factors associated with response to VCs remain unclear.

Methods
Records from hospitalized patients with HRS-1 treated with VCs without shock were reviewed searching for those who achieved ≥5 mm Hg rise in MAP within 48 hours. We examined the relationship between the mean MAP achieved during the first 48–72 hours of VC therapy and the change in serum creatinine (sCr) up to day 14. Endpoints were >30% reduction in sCr without need for dialysis or death by day 14 (primary) or by day 30 (secondary).

Results
Seventy-seven patients with HRS-1 treated for 2–10 days with either norepinephrine (n=49) or midodrine/octreotide (n=28) were included. The median age was 52 years (interquartile range [IQR], 46–60), 40% were female, and 48% had alcoholic cirrhosis. At VC initiation, median MAP was 70 mm Hg (IQR, 66–73), and median sCr was 3.8 mg/dl (IQR, 2.6–4.9). When analyzed by tertiles of mean MAP increment (5–9, 10–14, ≥15 mm Hg), there was greater reduction in sCr with greater rise in MAP (ANOVA for trend, P < 0.0001). By multivariate logistic regression analysis, mean MAP rise during the first 48–72 hours (odds ratio [OR], 1.15 [1.02 to 1.299], P=0.025), norepinephrine as VC (OR, 5.46 [1.36 to 21.86], P=0.017), and baseline sCr [OR, 0.63 [0.41 to 0.97], P=0.034) were associated with the primary endpoint, whereas mean MAP rise during the first 48–72 hours (OR, 1.17 [1.04 to 1.33], P=0.012) and baseline sCr (OR, 0.63 [0.39 to 0.98], P=0.043) were associated with the secondary endpoint.

Conclusions
Greater magnitude of rise in MAP with VC therapy in HRS-1, lower baseline sCr, and use of norepinephrine over midodrine/octreotide are associated with kidney recovery. Targeting an increment of MAP ≥15 mm Hg may lead to favorable renal outcomes.
Avaliação do dimensionamento e do rendimento operacional das colhedoras financiadas pelo programa mais alimentos
Authors: Meier Felipe Rodrigo , Ziegler Weslei , Muller Valberto 
Published: February 2023

A inovação na agricultura, no atual processo produtivo, tem sido cada vez mais acelerado, desta forma, contribuindo para a modernização e avanço de produtividades no campo através de fatores como novas tecnologias, máquinas, produtos e cultivares. Desta forma, o dimensionamento das máquinas, observando as características das propriedades, como área e culturas desenvolvidas, se torna primordial, principalmente no aspecto econômico. O presente trabalho teve por objetivo realizar o dimensionamento operacional das colhedoras financiadas pelo PRONAF Mais Alimentos, considerando as demandas operacionais das mesmas, de acordo com dados informados pelos produtores. A Linha Especial de Crédito de Investimento para Produção de Alimentos, mais conhecida como PRONAF Mais Alimentos, sendo lançada pelo Plano de Safra 2008/2009, busca incrementar a produtividade, em resposta à alta nos preços dos produtos agrícolas, consequência da crise econômica mundial. Utilizou-se o método estatístico, sendo também utilizado o método quantitativo para entender a dimensão e análise dos dados, quantitativo na abordagem, pesquisa estatística como método de procedimento, tendo como técnica de coleta de observação direta extensiva, por formulário, e o cálculo do ritmo operacional e determinação do dimensionamento de máquinas nas técnicas de análise. O método selecionado para o planejamento do dimensionamento operacional utilizado foi o proposto Mialhe (1974), denominado Ritmo Operacional (RO) e Capacidade de Campo Teórica (CCT). As propriedades rurais do município de Novo Machado-RS pesquisadas, possuem áreas de 27 a 170 hectares, as quais possuem RO variando entre 0,22 a 2,11 ha h-1, na operação de colheita, o CCT para a mesma operação varia entre 1,28 a 4,14 ha h-1. Assim, analisando os resultados, verifica-se que no momento da aquisição das colhedoras, não foram avaliadas as reais necessidades da propriedade, como a área cultivada e as culturas, resultando, em todas as colhedoras analisadas, um superdimensionamento, ou seja, permanecem a maior parte do tempo ociosa, podendo, portanto, aumentar as áreas de cultivo ou prestar serviço a terceiros. Apesar de ser uma tarefa complexa, o correto dimensionamento do maquinário se torna fundamental na gestão de uma propriedade agrícola, pois contribui diretamente na sua saúde econômica e sustentabilidade.
Assessment of Physicochemical and Microbiological Qualities of Potable Water Sources in Okorenkoko, Delta State Nigeria
Authors: E. I. Asionye , A. P. Bariweni , J. E. Idome , A. P. Onyena 
Published: February 2023

Accessibility of Potable water in rural and riverine communities have reduced drastically in recent times. A total of six borehole water samples and a freshwater sample were obtained from Okerenkoko community in Delta State, Nigeria. The water samples were analyzed for physicochemical and microbiological parameters using standard procedures. Pearson correlational analysis was employed to evaluate the level of association of the data using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23. Our results showed that pH concentration values ranged from 5.62 to 7.81, electrical conductivity had 10.03 to 490.01 µS/cm, dissolved oxygen varied from 3.90 to 7.91 mg/L, COD had 10.01 to 50.03 mg/L. The fecal coliform count ranged from 4- 2400 MPN/ml, while the surface water had a fecal coliform count 2400 MPN/ml; fungal count 3.1 Log10CFU/ml and 3.6 Log10CFU/ml respectively, Total aerobic count had a maximal concentration value of 5.8 Log10CFU/ml and 5.4 Log10CFU/ml; Total Salmonella Shigella Count it had a concentration of 4.0 Log10CFU/ml. Microbes associated with the water samples were Bacillus sp., Escherichia sp., Staphylococcus sp., Streptococcus sp., Shigella sp., Proteus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella sp., Vibrio sp. and Micrococcus sp. There is an urgent need to source-track the trajectory of pollutants from both from domestic and industrial activities. There is need that the government at all levels should improve the available potable water resources in Okerenkoko community.
Prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and Depression Status among Pregnant Women in Rural Population in Kancheepuram District
Authors: Sandhya M , Manikumar M , Augustina S Jenifer , Kamalakannan M 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition that lasts for a short period of time during pregnancy. It is usually diagnosed in the second trimester of gestational period and present in almost 12% of pregnant women.

Aim:
The main aim of the study is to find the prevalence of GDM and depression status among pregnant women in rural population in Kancheepuram district.

Methodology:
Total of 150 pregnant women belongs to rural area were selected for the study to find out the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus. Pregnant women between 24 and 28 weeks of fetal age were included in the study, and pregnant women below 24 weeks and above 28 weeks of the fetal age and women who refused to participate in the study were excluded. Detailed procedure was explained, and written consent was obtained from the subjects. The Diabetes in Pregnancy Study Group India criteria were used for the diagnosis of GDM, and Edinburgh postnatal depression assessment tool was used to measure the depression level among the pregnant women with GDM.

Results:
About 40% of the women were diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus, in which out of 40%, 32% of the women with gestational diabetes were also suffered from depression during pregnancy.

Conclusion:
This study concluded that there is a high incidence of diabetes during pregnancy among women in rural population in Kancheepuram district. Age, gravida status, parity, and obesity are the main risk factors that are strongly related to gestational diabetes.
Online Teaching
Authors: Petimani Mahalaxmi S. , Bhat Nagapati P. , Preethishree P. , Adake Prabhakar 
Published: February 2023

Context:
The research gap is found when it comes to studying the perception of the medical undergraduate students toward e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic in India when e-learning has emerged as the only available option to continue learning in medical education.

Aims:
This study aims to identify the perception of the medical undergraduate students toward e-learning during COVID-19 pandemic.

Settings and Design:
Descriptive questionnaire-based study was conducted at Yenepoya Medical College, Mangalore.

Materials and Methods:
A prevalidated questionnaire form on online teaching was circulated to medical students of our institution. A total of 135 students' responses were analyzed.

Statistical Analysis Used:
Descriptive statistical method was applied and results are expressed in frequency and percentages.

Results:
Out of 135 responses, 37.8% were from phase I, 28.9% from Phase II, and 33.3% from phase III students. 57.8% of students expressed they would like to learn with online classes, whereas, 20.7% of students mentioned that teaching activities should be suspended till the pandemic settles down, 12.6% suggested self-directed learning, and the remaining 8.9% are happy with assignments and study materials. Regarding the format of online classes, 52.6% preferred live classes with PowerPoint presentations to prerecorded classes. With respect to duration, 77% insisted each class should be between 30 and 45 min. 71.9% said a maximum of 2–4 h they could concentrate on online teaching activity in a day. 88.9% expressed connectivity issues as a challenge, 60.7% were not able to grasp the subject, and 22.2% expressed that their doubts are not answered. In general, 81.5% feel that conventional offline classes are better and only 7.4% of students are happy with online classes. Regarding the benefits of online classes, 80.7% expressed that online classes are safe and can attend online class from any place. 69.6% mentioned that group activity is the major concern followed by lack of discussion with the teacher.

Conclusions:
With advanced technology online teaching though was a boon during pandemics for many but other concerns should be addressed for successful and effective teaching activities.
Ruptur Tendon Achilles Akut: Antara Tata Laksana Konservatif atau Operatif
Authors: Nasrul Rizky Febrian 
Published: February 2023

Pendahuluan: Tendon Achilles merupakan tendon yang paling tebal dan paling kuat di tubuh manusia. Seperti tendon lainnya, tendon ini dapat mengalami ruptur. Secara statistik, 18 dari 100,000 ruptur tendon Achilles terjadi setiap tahunnya. Masih ada perbedaan pendapat antara klinisi mengenai metode yang paling optimal dalam tatalaksana cedera ini. berdebatan ditujukan antara tatalaksana konservatif atau tatalaksana operatif. Beberapa klinisi memilih tatalaksana operatif karena tingkat ruptur ulang yang lebih
rendah dibandingkan tatalaksana konvensional. Studi terbaru menunjukkan bahwa tatalaksana konservatif yang diikuti oleh rehabilitasi fungsional dini, menunjukkan angka ruptur ulang yang setara dengan tatalaksana operatif, tanpa risiko komplikasi infeksi. Tatalaksana operatif lebih diutamakan pada populasi pasien yang muda, aktif atau atlit, atau yang memerlukan waktu kembali beraktifitas yang lebih cepat. Studi terbaru juga menunjukkan bahwa metode operasi minimal invasif yang diikuti oleh regimen rehabilitasi fungsional dini, memiliki angka ruptur ulang yang rendah dan risiko infeksi yang lebih rendah juga dibandingkan metode operatif terbuka konvensional.
Kata kunci: Konservatif, Minimal Invasif, Ruptur Tendon, Tendon Achilles
Direito administrativo e os direitos humanos à cidadania e ao patrimônio público. Doi: 10.5020/2317-2150.2007.v12.ed.esp.p136
Authors: Campos Maria Neves Feitosa 
Published: February 2023

Pretendemos com este sucinto escrito situar dentro do Direito Administrativo, de forma interdisciplinar, os direitos humanos consagrados nos instrumentos internacionais e no direito interno, com maior ênfase nos direitos republicanos, como os bens públicos - o patrimônio econômico público. Neste artigo, além das considerações preliminares, foi abordada a questão da supremacia do interesse público sobre o privado, estado e direito, direitos republicanos, os direitos da terceira geração ou três dimensões de direito do homem, que sedimentaram a conclusão de que as esferas econômicas e políticas são interdependentes, devendo a sociedade fazer um controle para evitar que a coisa pública não seja desviada para o atendimento de interesses particulares. Os direitos republicanos ou coisa pública fazem parte de um grupo de direitos humanos que surgiram com as mudanças ocorridas nos últimos vinte e cinco anos, e que vieram somar-se aos direitos
civis políticos, econômicos, sociais e culturais, ao direito à paz, ao desenvolvimento e a solidariedade. Assim, os direitos republicanos são entendidos como sendo o direito ao patrimônio histórico, o direito ao patrimônio ambiental e o direito ao patrimônio econômico, que deverão fazer parte do debate dos movimentos sociais e dos cidadãos, para serem preservados do alcance de alguns gestores públicos e grupos de interesses particulares, que se apropriam de vultosas somas do dinheiro do Erário.
Re (pensando) o ensino jurídico: uma ruptura com as arcadas para o terceiro milênio. Doi: 10.5020/2317-2150.2002.v07n1p29
Authors: Holanda Ana Paula Araújo de 
Published: February 2023

O presente artigo trata de uma análise crítica da história dos Cursos Jurídicos no Brasil, desde sua criação até os dias de hoje. Ao final, são apresentadas propostas de reformulação no ensino
jurídico, envolvendo tanto aspectos metodológicos quanto práticas pedagógicas situadas no contexto plural da sociedade contemporânea.
Limites e abusos de interpretação do Supremo Tribunal Federal no caso ADPF 54 (aborto de anencéfalos): análise crítica a partir de Habermas e Streck. Doi: 10.5020/2317-2150.2014.v19n3p693
Authors: Reckziegel Janaína , Sobrado de Freitas Riva 
Published: February 2023

O presente artigo tem por objetivo discutir a decisão proferida pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal frente à possibilidade de prática de interrupção da gestação em casos de fetos anencéfalos, reportando-se a contornos éticos e jurídicos. Diante da omissão legislativa sobre o assunto, faz-se necessário recorrer ao Poder Judiciário para que decida sobre esse problema. O artigo buscará uma resposta adequada frente à Constituição Federal, através de mecanismos democráticos, possibilitando a participação popular representativa para legitimar o poder e as decisões pela referida corte, acreditando-se que seja a melhor resposta, e não uma escolha ética individualista, que enfraqueceria a cidadania e a própria democracia, acabando por desvirtuar o processo e a vontade do Poder Legislativo, o qual deveria representar a vontade do povo, sendo eleito para demandar sobre essas questões políticas e efetivar direitos,
evitando decisões arbitrárias e discricionárias.
Constitucionalismo, estado e direito administrativo no Brasil. Doi: 10.5020/2317-2150.2009.v14n1p131
Authors: Pessoa Robertônio Santos 
Published: February 2023

O presente estudo visa analisar a trajetória de transformações na estrutura social e política do Brasil ao longo século XX e seus reflexos sobre o direito administrativo. A progressiva atuação estatal na conformação da nova ordem econômica e social, crucial para o projeto de desenvolvimento nacional, demandou o aparecimento de um verdadeiro Estado administrativo, formado por uma complexa rede de organizações administrativas e uma crescente burocracia de funcionários. A disciplina jurídica deste complexo Estado administrativo foi objeto de um direito administrativo fortemente influenciado pelo modelo jurídico-administrativo francês, com as necessárias adaptações às peculiaridades e mazelas da vida nacional. A descontinuidade das constituições, em contraste com a continuidade da burocracia, contribuiu para que o direito administrativo se nutrisse de categorias, institutos, princípios e regras próprios, mantendo-se de certa forma alheios às sucessivas mutações constitucionais. Tal estado de coisas contribuiu para um distanciamento do direito administrativo em relação ao
direito constitucional.
La loi democratique a l’epreuve de la loi du marche? Reflexions sur la crise de la « conception politique » de la separation des pouvoirs en europe. Doi: 10.5020/2317-2150.2015.v20n3p791
Authors: Bottini Fabien 
Published: February 2023

la loi du marché peut-elle se substituer à la loi démocratique ? C’est la question que pose implicitement l’affirmation de la conception économique de la séparation des pouvoirs véhiculée par l’orientation néolibérale du droit communautaire, dès lors qu’elle tend à remettre en cause la conception politique en vigueur dans la plupart des Etats membres de l’Union européenne : tandis que cette conception politique vise à assurer le respect de la volonté générale, la conception économique a pour finalité d’assurer le respect d’une concurrence libre et non faussée. Or cette substitution apparaît bien en cours de réalisation. Elle se déduit, d’un côté, de la contestation des dualismes institutionnels mis en place par le droit public de certains Etats européens afin d’assurer le débat public et le respect de la loi ; et, d’un autre côté, de la consolidation ou de la rigidification des séparations verticale et horizontale des pouvoirs : puisque leur évolution vise à soumettre toutes les autorités étatiques aux attentes du marché, même le titulaire de la souveraineté. Peut-être est-on en train d’assister à l’apparition d’un néo-positivisme, de nature non plus juridique ou sociologique, mais économique faisant dépendre la validité formelle de la règle de droit et sa légitimité matérielle de sa capacité, respectivement, à respecter les droits et libertés économiques et à refléter les aspirations des opérateurs du marché.
Elections in Africa – the voter, the court, the outcome. Doi: 10.5020/2317-2150.2013.v18n3p802
Authors: Ekwe-Ekwe Herbert 
Published: February 2023

Pessoas de toda a África, independentemente da região, fervorosamente acreditam que a participação em uma eleição não é apenas uma “responsabilidade civil”, mas, fundamentalmente, a oportunidade de decidir quais indivíduos e/ou grupos assumem a liderança do país em que vivem e,
consequentemente, influenciar a evolução das políticas e dos programas dos eleitos. O eleitorado africano, infelizmente, não tem sido bem assistido pelo sistema judicial local, particularmente pelas cortes, que têm essencialmente
determinado os resultados das eleições no continente. Essa tendência predominante tem impacto devastador sobre a democracia. O papel dos ex-conquistadores europeus de perpetuar essa negação flagrante de participação democrática fundamental do povo persiste, e é evidente hoje que a liberdade de respeitar o voto do eleitor na África está intrinsecamente ligada às exigências frenéticas atuais e aos movimentos em várias regiões para construir novos estados que respondam aos interesses críticos dos povos constituintes - longe dos existentes “Estados de Berlim”, que em grande parte ainda servem aos objetivos de seus criadores.
A fiber-optic distributed temperature sensor for continuous in situ profiling up to 2 km beneath constant-altitude scientific balloons
Authors: Goetz J. Douglas , Kalnajs Lars E. , Deshler Terry , Davis Sean M. , Bramberger Martina , Alexander M. Joan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract. A novel fiber-optic distributed temperature sensing instrument, the Fiber-optic Laser Operated Atmospheric Temperature Sensor (FLOATS), was developed for continuous in situ profiling of the atmosphere up to 2 km below constant-altitude scientific balloons. The temperature-sensing
system uses a suspended fiber-optic cable and temperature-dependent scattering of pulsed laser light in the Raman regime to retrieve continuous
3 m vertical-resolution profiles at a minimum sampling period of 20 s.
FLOATS was designed for operation aboard drifting super-pressure balloons in
the tropical tropopause layer at altitudes around 18 km as part of the
Stratéole 2 campaign. A short test flight of the system was conducted
from Laramie, Wyoming, in January 2021 to check the optical, electrical, and
mechanical systems at altitude and to validate a four-reference temperature
calibration procedure with a fiber-optic deployment length of 1170 m. During the 4 h flight aboard a vented balloon, FLOATS retrieved temperature
profiles during ascent and while at a float altitude of about 19 km. The
FLOATS retrievals provided differences of less than 1.0 ∘C
compared to a commercial radiosonde aboard the flight payload during ascent.
At float altitude, a comparison of optical length and GPS position at the
bottom of the fiber-optic revealed little to no curvature in the fiber-optic
cable, suggesting that the position of any distributed temperature
measurement can be effectively modeled. Comparisons of the distributed temperature retrievals to the reference temperature sensors show strong
agreement with root-mean-square-error values less than 0.4 ∘C. The
instrument also demonstrated good agreement with nearby meteorological
observations and COSMIC-2 satellite profiles. Observations of temperature
and wind perturbations compared to the nearby radiosounding profiles provide evidence of inertial gravity wave activity during the test flight. Spectral analysis of the observed temperature perturbations shows that FLOATS is an effective and pioneering tool for the investigation of small-scale gravity waves in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere.