bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nigeria-China Bilateral Relations: The Current Challenges, 2015-2020
Authors: Augustine Ejiroghene Oghuvbu 
Published: August 2023

The year 2020 marked the 50th anniversary of diplomatic relations between Nigeria and China. Despite the functioning of Sino-Nigerian bilateral relations, Nigerians have resented and criticized every socio-economic interaction. Concern was raised about the alleged disadvantages on Nigeria's fragile economy by the dumping of inferior Chinese industrial products in Nigeria. Some scholars claim that Nigeria's investment in China has less opportunities to survive due to the restrictions on employment and visa restrictions faced by many Nigerians to explore business opportunities in China. It is against this backdrop, this study examined the relationship between Nigeria and China, accessing their strategic relevance and the current challenges in their bilateral relations. The study also pinpoint into Sino-Nigeria relations during the novel corona virus. This work adopts the historical method of discuss and analysis in understanding the Nigeria-China bilateral relations from 2000 till the covid-19 era. In other to properly do this, this paper looks at primary and secondary sources such as books, newspaper reports, interviews, journal articles among others. The study adopted the Neoliberal Institutionalism theory to explain Sino-Nigeria bilateral relations. The findings from the study showed that the bilateral relations benefited China more in terms of trade, its unwillingness to assist Nigeria curb unemployment challenges and the failure to transfer technology to Nigeria. Given that the relationship is lopsided, the study concludes that Nigeria’s problems cannot be solved by China as the former must learn from China’s hard way to industrialization.
CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND FIRM PERFORMANCE OF LISTED MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA STOCK EXCHANCE
Authors: OLANIYI Rafiyat Bosede , ABILORO Kayode Peter , OLANIYAN Niyi Oladipo 
Published: August 2023

This research studied the link between capital structure and financial performance of Nigerian manufacturers. It evaluated the nexus between total debt and financial performance of listed manufacturing companies in Nigeria, the nexus between equity and financial performance of listed manufacturing firms in Nigeria.Stock Exchange.The study used ex-post-facto data to investigate variable relationships. Nigerian manufacturing firms were studied. The data was taken from the company's (2005-2020). Both descriptive and inferential statistics, such as Pearson correlation and panel regression, were used to examine the data.Return on equity, equity capital has a substantial influence on the performance of Nigerian manufacturing companies. 6.34 and 0.26 Total debt assessed by asset debt-to-equity ratio has no influence on stock market performance (p>0.6580). Sand return on equity has a positive significant influence on financial performance of Nigerian manufacturing firms by 6.331 (p=0.0000.05) and 0.117 (p=0.0070.05); long-term debt also has a positive significant effect.The study found that equity capital, total debt, and long-term debt have the potential to positively and significantly influence the financial performance of manufacturing firms in Nigeria, whereas short term debt has the potential to positively and insignificantly influence financial performance. Total asset has the potential to positively and significantly influence financial performance.
THE EFFECTS OF DOWNSIZING ON EMPLOYEE COMMITMENT IN THE FREIGHT MANAGEMENT SERVICES IN ZIMBABWE
Authors: Mushonga Tinashe R , Ukpere Wilfred Isioma 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDownsizing is viewed as a deliberate and systematic organisational reduction of workforce to cut costs and improve performance. There has been ongoing turmoil in the employment relations fraternity for the past few decades, exacerbated by global economic recessions and the need for organisations to adopt new technologies. The effects manifested in organisations’ widespread use and acceptance of downsizing globally. This paper aimed to investigate the untold effects of downsizing on employee commitment in Zimbabwe’s freight management services. Efforts were made to establish implications of the downsizing strategies that organisations in Zimbabwe used, and how employees in freight management services perceived the effects of downsizing on employee commitment. In addition, the present study aimed to identify challenges that employees and organisations faced throughout the downsizing process. The paper adopted a mixed-method research approach. The study found that downsizing was significantly caused by financial crises faced by most organisations in Zimbabwe. Conversely, the results of this study suggested that there was no significant relationship between downsizing and the organisational need to adopt new technologies in Zimbabwe. Interestingly, the study’s findings identified a positive shift in employees’ continuance commitment towards downsizing organisations in Zimbabwe. It was found also that employees remained committed to downsized organisations in Zimbabwe owing to fear of losing their income and a lack of alternative employment. It was also noticed that employees in the freight management services organisations in Zimbabwe suffered detrimental psychological effects such as depression and mental breakdown during and after downsizing. Some recommendations were proffered to reduce the negative effects of downsizing on employees at the Zimbabwe’s freight management services.
Application of Job Safety Analysis in the Safety Management of Off-Campus Internship in Environmental Geological Engineering
Authors: Tang Baohua , Yang Liu 
Published: August 2023

Off-campus internship is an important part of the training in environmental geological engineering. The main difference of internship for environmental geological engineering major compared to internship programs is that these internships are usually in the field and there are safety risks due to natural, social, biological, and other factors. The purpose of this study is to summarize the safety risks through work safety analysis and propose corresponding preventive measures, so as to make the internship program safer.
IDENTIFIKASI JAMUR Candida sp PADA AIR BAK TOILET DI PANTI SOSIAL PERLINDUNGAN ANAK DHARMA KOTA SAMARINDA
Authors: Sari Erna 
Published: August 2023

Toilet merupakan penunjang sanitasi utama pada kehidupan manusia modern, Kebersihan toilet menjadi tolak ukur terhadap kualitas manajemen sanitasi toilet. Bak toilet yang menampung air dapat terkontaminasi mikroorganisme. Salah satunya yaitu jamur. Candida sp merupakan salah satu jamur yang dapat mencemari air. Sekitar 17 spesies Candida sp dapat menyebabkan penyakit pada manusia serta beberapa dari spesies ini mampu mengakibatkan kandidiasis. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kontaminasi Candida sp pada air bak toilet yang ada di Panti Sosial Perlindungan Anak Dharma Kota Samarinda. Jenis penelitian bersifat deskriptif dan identifikasi jamur secara makroskopis dan mikroskopis. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik Probability Sampling dengan metode total sampling. Sebanyak 13 sampel dilakukan pengamatan makroskopis dan mikroskopis menggunakan LPCB (Lacto Phenol Catton Blue) kemudian hasil akan di analisa dengan analisis univariate. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan air bak yang terkontaminasi jamur Candida sp sebanyak 1 (7,7%) sampel dan yang tidak terkontaminasi sebanyak 12 (92,3%). Adapun ditemukan jamur lain yaitu Trichopyton sp, Penicillium sp dan hifa bersekat. Higienitas dan sanitasi toilet menjadi salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi pertumbuhan jamur.
RELATIONSHIP OF PERSONAL HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION WITH ENTEROBIASIS IN ORPHANES TODDLER ADHSA SUKOHARJO
Authors: Nugroho Rahmat Budi 
Published: August 2023

Enterobiasis is a disease caused by infection with the worm Enterobius vermicularis. Pesantren is a place for people who live in the same environment so that it can allow personal hygiene and environmental sanitation is not good. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a relationship between personal hygiene and environmental sanitation with enterobiasis in ADHSA Sukoharjo Orphans and to determine the percentage of enterobiasis in children at ADHSA Sukoharjo Orphans Islamic Boarding School. This study used an observational research design. Sampling technique Total Sampling. The source of the data obtained in this study is primary data obtained from three periodic sampling carried out at the AHDSA Toddler Orphans Islamic Boarding School Sukoharjo in April 2022. The population of this study was 35 people and the sample size was 35 people. Data were analyzed by Chi Square test. The results of the study showed that there were 5.7% (2 respondents) who were infected with Enterobius vermicularis worms from 35 students who were examined. There is a significant relationship between personal hygiene and environmental sanitation with enterobiasis and the percentage of enterobiasis in orphaned Islamic boarding schools children under AdhSA Sukoharjo is 5.7% (2 respondents). Keywords: personal hygiene, environmental sanitation, enterobiasis.
Формирование интеграционных ядер как новое направление глобализации: азиатское и латиноамериканское ядра
Authors: Arzhaev F. I. , Turko V. A. 
Published: August 2023

Авторы проверяют гипотезу о том, что глобализация не прекращается, а становится региональной, в связи с чем формируются интеграционные ядра в каждом регионе. Цель работы — выявить характерные черты «новой глобализации» и характера работы интеграционных ядер. Для достижения цели поставлен ряд задач: проанализировать интеграционные процессы в азиатском и латиноамериканском регионах с использованием эконометрических методов, проверить наличие предпосылок для формирования интеграционных ядер в исследуемых регионах, выделить особенности этих процессов. Использованы методы динамического норматива, статистического и корреляционного анализа. Гипотеза доказана через систему разработанных инструментов в части формирования интеграционного ядра в Азии и опровергнута для Латинской Америки. Определены следующие особенности интеграционных ядер: противодействие неоколониализму; продвижение экспортоориентированной модели; технологическая кооперация; способность превзойти страны англосаксонского мир-системного ядра в экономическом развитии; выделение новых черт глобализации — увеличение издержек взаимодействия между странами и ядрами; конфликтогенность и фрагментированность самого процесса глобализации; выделение возможных путей кросс-ядерных взаимодействий. Ключевым выводом исследования стало доказательство гипотезы о формировании глобализационных ядер и изменении процесса глобализации в сторону его фрагментированности.
Presence, Power, and Agency: Donor Portraits in Early Gandharan Art
Authors: Elahi Moizza S. 
Published: August 2023

The aim of this paper is to shed light on locally constructed sculptural representations of donors and devotees from Butkara I in Swat valley – one of the earliest Buddhist sites in the Greater Gandhara region. The discovery of several sculptures and architectural elements depicting elaborately adorned male and female figures with distinctly individualizing facial features, and bearing varied Buddhist offerings, not only throws into relief the artistic phenomenon of portraiture in early Gandharan Buddhist art but also exemplifies the visual and material enactment of donative ritual and practice. The appropriation of a transcultural and widely legible visual vocabulary for constructing these essentially Buddhist figures underscores the complex cross-cultural interactions and encounters underpinning Gandharan art and Buddhist practice in the early centuries of the Common Era. The paper argues that, in addition to relic establishment and donative inscriptions, the ruling aristocrats used donor portraits for the material and metaphorical embodiment of their presence and piety within the Buddhist monastic space. Moreover, these images likely served as public performances for effectively navigating the broader political and socio-cultural currents. Speaking to diverse communities in the multicultural matrix of Gandhara, these donor portraits highlight the participation of visual imagery in constructing new forms of ritual and practice predicated upon the intertwined notions of power, patronage, and religiosity.
DRIP IRRIGATION REGIMES AND EFFICIENCY OF WATER USE BY SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS
Authors: Kaliley V. V. , Shatkovskyi A. P. , Retman M. S. 
Published: August 2023

The article presents the results of experimental research on the effect of drip irrigation system designs on the formation of irrigation regimes, productivity, and efficiency of water use by sunflower hybrids. In addition, the main components of evapotranspiration were taken into account, and coefficients of water consumption (WCC), irrigation efficiency (IE), and irrigation water use efficiency (WUE) were chosen as criteria for the efficiency of drip irrigation. Short-term field research was carried out during 2020-2022 on the lands of the Brylivske experimental field of the Institute of Water Problems and Reclamation of the National Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Kherson region, subzone of the Dry Steppe). Analytical and mathematical as well as statistical methods were used to process experimental data. The scheme of the three-factor field experiment provided various options for laying irrigation pipelines of drip irrigation systems (in the horizontal and vertical planes), as well as the implementation of a pulsed water supply mode (standard). The version with a natural moisture supply (without irrigation) was the control. The results of experimental research proved that the method of laying drip irrigation pipelines had a direct effect on the parameters of the formation of drip irrigation regimes and the productivity of sunflower hybrids in the conditions of the Dry Steppe. The mechanism of evapotranspiration formation of sunflower crops in irrigated and non-irrigated conditions has been determined. It was statistically proven that the application of subsoil drip irrigation with the laying of irrigation pipelines at a depth of 0.3 m and a distance between them of 1.0 m is the most appropriate for growing sunflower hybrids. This is explained by biological features, namely drought resistance of this crop. Thus, in field experiments, the variant with in-soil laying of drip irrigation pipelines provided almost identical yield (4.01-4.09 t/ha) when having lower crop water consumption coefficients (1088.7-1125.7 m3/t) and higher efficiency of irrigation water use – 2.27-2.41 kg of grain per 1 m3 of irrigation water.
A Generalized Multi-Detectors Combination Approach for Differential Item Functioning Detection.docx
Authors: HUANG Shan , Ishii Hidetoki 
Published: August 2023

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<p>To achieve more accurate and robust Differential Item Functioning (DIF) detection, this study introduces a novel approach called Multi-Detectors Combination (MDC). The main innovation of the MDC approach lies in effectively integrating multiple existing single DIF detection methods under observable examination conditions. Four specific supervised learning methods (LR, NB, TAN, and SVM) in MDC are evaluated using simulated data (360 testing conditions). The results indicate that MDC methods outperform single DIF detection in accuracy (AUC: 81.2% to 82.3%), surpassing the AUC values of other methods, which ranged only from 59.4% to 77.4%. Among MDC methods, TAN performed the best, under all observable test conditions. Moreover, MDC methods demonstrate enhanced precision (RMSE: 0.528 to 0.531) in ability estimation. Analysis of actual data further validates the MDC approach's superior stability in ability estimation, achieved by excluding flagged DIF items.</p>
The effects of personality types and coping styles on coronavirus anxiety levels of the healthcare workers
Authors: TOPAK Osman Zülkif 
Published: August 2023

Purpose: Healthcare workers are exposed to long and stressful work shifts in pandemics. It was aimed to evaluate the coronavirus related anxiety levels of the healthcare workers, and to evaluate the relationship between their personality types and coping strategies.
Materials and Methods: Study included 213 medical healthcare workers who were randomly selected and agreed to participate in the study on a voluntary basis. Sociodemographic data form, Coronavirus anxiety scale, Type A Behavior Test, and Coping styles scale was applied to the all participants.
Results: The total coronavirus anxiety scores of the participants with type A personality traits were found to be significantly higher than with type B personality traits (p=0.006). The mean scores of helpless approach and seeking social support of were found to be significantly higher in participants with Type A personality (p=0.002, p=0.007, respectively). Self-confident and optimistic approach were found to be higher in participants with Type B personality (p=0.041, p=0.023, respectively). Participants with helpless approach had higher anxiety scores (p=0.033). A negative correlation was found between coronavirus anxiety and self-confident approach (p=0.002, r=-0.212) and optimistic approach (p=0.002, r=- 0.209), and positive correlation with helpless approach (p=0.044, r=0.138).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that those who approached self confident and optimistic can cope with stress better. Individuals with Type A personality are at greater risk for anxiety in the pandemic. Monitoring and ensuring the mental health of healthcare workers is crucial to global health in other possible pandemics.
A rare case of multifocal chordoma involving the lower clivus and multiple spine levels: illustrative case
Authors: Alsavaf Mohammad Bilal , Salem Eman H , Jawad Basit A , Mongkolkul Kittichai , Carrau Ricardo L , Prevedello Daniel M 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND
Chordomas are rare bone tumors originating from notochord remnants with a predilection for the median axis of the body, primarily in the sacrococcygeal spine, skull base, and cervical spine. This paper presents the first reported case of simultaneous multilevel chordomas with various enhancements.

OBSERVATIONS
A 40-year-old woman presented with right-sided otalgia, headache, nasal obstruction, and facial pressure. The patient’s head and spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a midline lesion in the clivus, C2, and T1–5 spinal levels. All lesions were T1 isointense and T2 hyperintense, consistent with chordoma. Interestingly, the clivus lesion was enhancing, whereas the C2 lesion was only slightly enhancing, and the rest of the lesions showed no enhancement. The patient underwent endoscopic endonasal transclival approach surgery for the clival lesion, followed by radiation to the surgical bed and the C2 lesion. The remaining lesions were monitored. Follow-up imaging showed stable disease in the C2 lesion and other lower lesions. The patient’s severe pain in the posterior cervical spine was managed with cervical fusion, pain management, and physical therapy.

LESSONS
This case underscores the importance of comprehensive spinal MRI in patients with chordomas, as multiple concurrent primaries may be present. The article summarizes the fundamental distinctions between ecchordosis physaliphora and chordoma and casts doubt on the capacity to always differentiate them.
Numberings, c.e. oracles, and fixed points
Authors: Faizrahmanov Marat 
Published: August 2023

The Arslanov completeness criterion says that a c.e. set A is Turing complete if and only there exists an A-computable function f without fixed points, i.e. a function f such that [Formula: see text] for each integer x. Recently, Barendregt and Terwijn proved that the completeness criterion remains true if we replace the Gödel numbering [Formula: see text] with an arbitrary precomplete computable numbering. In this paper, we prove criteria for noncomputability and highness of c.e. sets in terms of (pre)complete computable numberings and fixed point properties. We also find some precomplete and weakly precomplete numberings of arbitrary families computable relative to Turing complete and non-computable c.e. oracles respectively.
Temporal cross-correlation between Polar® heart rate monitor interface board and ECG to measure RR interval at rest
Authors: Materko Wollner , dos Reis Façanha Caio Cesar , Guedes Gizelly Coelho , Dias Marcela Fabiani Silva , Costa Alisson Vieira , Belfort Dilson Rodrigues , da Pureza Demilto Yamaguchi , Alberto Alvaro Adolfo Duarte 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND: A Polar heart rate monitor is a device that measures RR intervals, but has not been correlated to accurately measure the series of RR interval signals between the ECG and the Polar[Formula: see text] Heart Rate Monitor Interface (HRMI) Board at rest. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the temporal cross-correlations between the Polar[Formula: see text] HRMI Board and an ECG to measure the series of RR intervals at rest. METHODS: The sample consisted of eighteen healthy male subjects and they were instructed to lie in the supine position at rest while breathing normally and a time window of the last 2 min was recorded to analyse RR intervals were obtained for each subject with a Polar[Formula: see text] HRMI Board and an ECG. Cross-correlation analysis of RR interval signals between methods and reliability was expressed by Bland and Altman analysis. RESULTS: The cross-correlation was excellent, resulting in a mean of 0.98 [Formula: see text] 0.01 and no lag or delay between the signals. The bias was 0.03 [Formula: see text] 0.08 s or 8.0% for MeanRRi from Polar[Formula: see text] HRMI Board and ECG, no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: The Polar[Formula: see text] HRMI Board is acceptable for assessment of serial RR intervals. The results support the reliability of the Mean RR interval compared to a resting ECG.
Circulating Exosomes from Alzheimer’s Disease Suppress Vascular Endothelial-Cadherin Expression and Induce Barrier Dysfunction in Recipient Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cell
Authors: Bei Jiani , Miranda-Morales Ernesto G. , Gan Qini , Qiu Yuan , Husseinzadeh Sorosh , Liew Jia Yi , Chang Qing , Krishnan Balaji , Gaitas Angelo , Yuan Subo , Felicella Michelle , Qiu Wei Qiao , Fang Xiang , Gong Bin 
Published: August 2023

Background: Blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown is a crucial aspect of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) progression. Dysfunction in BBB is primarily caused by impaired tight junction and adherens junction proteins in brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs). The role of adherens junctions in AD-related BBB dysfunction remains unclear. Exosomes from senescent cells have unique characteristics and contribute to modulating the phenotype of recipient cells. However, it remains unknown if and how these exosomes cause BMEC dysfunction in AD. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the impact of AD circulating exosomes on brain endothelial dysfunction. Methods: Exosomes were isolated from sera of AD patients and age- and sex-matched cognitively normal controls using size-exclusion chromatography. The study measured the biomechanical nature of BMECs’ endothelial barrier, the lateral binding forces between live BMECs. Paracellular expressions of the key adherens junction protein vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin were visualized in BMEC cultures and a 3D BBB model using human BMECs and pericytes. VE-cadherin signals were also examined in brain tissues from AD patients and normal controls. Results: Circulating exosomes from AD patients reduced VE-cadherin expression levels and impaired barrier function in recipient BMECs. Immunostaining analysis demonstrated that AD exosomes damaged VE-cadherin integrity in a 3D microvascular tubule formation model. The study found that AD exosomes weakened BBB integrity depending on their RNA content. Additionally, diminished microvascular VE-cadherin expression was observed in AD brains compared to controls. Conclusion: These findings highlight the significant role of circulating exosomes from AD patients in damaging adherens junctions of recipient BMECs, dependent on exosomal RNA.