bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circuits in the Motor Cortex Explain Oscillatory Responses to Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Authors: Haggie Lysea , Besier Thor , McMorland Angus 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a popular method used to investigate brain function. Stimulation over the motor cortex evokes muscle contractions known as motor evoked potentials (MEPs) and also high frequency volleys of electrical activity measured in the cervical spinal cord. The physiological mechanisms of these experimentally derived responses remain unclear, but it is thought that the connections between circuits of excitatory and inhibitory neurons play a vital role. Using a spiking neural network model of the motor cortex, we explained the generation of waves of activity, so called ‘I-waves’, following cortical stimulation. The model reproduces a number of experimentally known responses including direction of TMS, increased inhibition and changes in strength. Using populations of thousands of neurons in a model of cortical circuitry we showed that the cortex generated transient oscillatory responses without any tuning, and that neuron parameters such as refractory period and delays influenced the pattern and timing of those oscillations. By comparing our network with simpler, previously proposed circuits, we explored the contributions of specific connections and found that recurrent inhibitory connections are vital in producing later waves which significantly impact the production of motor evoked potentials in downstream muscles (Thickbroom, 2011). This model builds on previous work to increase our understanding of how complex circuitry of the cortex is involved in the generation of I-waves.
Harmonized cross-species cell atlases of trigeminal and dorsal root ganglia
Authors: Bhuiyan Shamsuddin A. , Xu Mengyi , Yang Lite , Semizoglou Evangelia , Bhatia Parth , Pantaleo Katerina I. , Tochitsky Ivan , Jain Aakanksha , Erdogan Burcu , Blair Steven , Cat Victor , Mwirigi Juliet M. , Sankaranarayanan Ishwarya , Tavares-Ferreira Diana , Green Ursula , McIlvried Lisa A. , Copits Bryan A. , Bertels Zachariah , Del Rosario John S. , Widman Allie J. , Slivicki Richard A. , Yi Jiwon , Woolf Clifford J. , Lennerz Jochen K. , Whited Jessica L. , Price Theodore J. , Gereau Robert W. , Renthal William 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPeripheral sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and trigeminal ganglion (TG) are specialized to detect and transduce diverse environmental stimuli including touch, temperature, and pain to the central nervous system. Recent advances in single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) have provided new insights into the diversity of sensory ganglia cell types in rodents, non-human primates, and humans, but it remains difficult to compare transcriptomically defined cell types across studies and species. Here, we built cross-species harmonized atlases of DRG and TG cell types that describe 18 neuronal and 11 non-neuronal cell types across 6 species and 19 studies. We then demonstrate the utility of this harmonized reference atlas by using it to annotate newly profiled DRG nuclei/cells from both human and the highly regenerative axolotl. We observe that the transcriptomic profiles of sensory neuron subtypes are broadly similar across vertebrates, but the expression of functionally important neuropeptides and channels can vary notably. The new resources and data presented here can guide future studies in comparative transcriptomics, simplify cell type nomenclature differences across studies, and help prioritize targets for future pain therapy development.
Deletion of VPS50 protein in mice brain impairs synaptic function and behavior
Authors: Ahumada-Marchant Constanza , Ancatén-Gonzalez Carlos , Haensgen Henny , Arancibia Felipe , Brauer Bastian , Droste Rita , Horvitz H. Robert , Constantine-Paton Martha , Arriagada Gloria , Chávez Andrés E , Bustos Fernando J 
Published: July 2023

AbstractVPS50, is an accessory protein, involved in the synaptic and dense core vesicle acidification and its alterations produce behavioral changes inC.elegans. Here, we produce the mosaic knock out (mKO) of VPS50 using CRISPR/Cas9 system in both cortical cultured neurons and whole animals to evaluate the effect of VPS50 in regulating mammalian brain function and behavior. While mKO of VPS50 does not change the number of synaptic vesicles, it produces a mislocalization of the V-ATPase pump that likely impact in vesicle acidification and vesicle content to impair synaptic and neuronal activity in cultured neurons. In mice, mKO of VPS50 in the hippocampus, alter synaptic transmission and plasticity, and generated robust cognitive impairments associate to memory formation. We propose that VPS50 is an accessory protein that aids the correct recruitment of the V-ATPase pump to synaptic vesicles, thus having a crucial role controlling synaptic vesicle acidification and hence synaptic transmission.
Chromatin attachment to the nuclear matrix represses hypocotyl elongation inArabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Xu Linhao , Zheng Shiwei , Witzel Katja , Van De Slijke Eveline , Baekelandt Alexandra , Mylle Evelien , Van Damme Daniel , Cheng Jinping , Jaeger Geert De , Inze Dirk , Jiang Hua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe nuclear matrix is a nuclear compartment that has diverse functions in chromatin regulation and transcription. However, how this structure influences epigenetic modifications and gene expression in plants is largely unknown. In this study, we showed that a nuclear matrix binding protein, AHL22, together with the two transcriptional repressors FRS7 and FRS12, regulates hypocotyl elongation by suppressing the expression of a group of genes known asSMALL AUXIN UP RNAs(SAURs) inArabidopsis thaliana. The transcriptional repression ofSAURsdepends on their attachment to the nuclear matrix. The AHL22 complex not only brings these SAURs, which contained matrix attachment regions (MARs), to the nuclear matrix, but it also recruits the histone deacetylase HDA15 to theSAURloci. This leads to the removal of H3 acetylation at theSAURloci and the suppression of hypocotyl elongation. Taken together, our results indicate that MAR-binding proteins act as a hub for chromatin and epigenetic regulators. Moreover, we present a novel mechanism by which nuclear matrix attachment to chromatin regulates histone modifications, transcription, and hypocotyl elongation.
Primordial germ cell DNA demethylation and development require DNA translesion synthesis
Authors: Shah Pranay , Hill Ross , Clark Stephen , Dion Camille , Abakir Abdulkadir , Arends Mark , Leitch Harry , Reik Wolf , Crossan Gerry 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMutations in DNA damage response (DDR) factors are associated with human infertility, which affects up to 15% of the population. It remains unclear if the role of DDR is solely in meiosis. One pathway implicated in human fertility is DNA translesion synthesis (TLS), which allows replication impediments to be bypassed. We find that TLS is essential for pre-meiotic germ cell development in the embryo. Loss of the central TLS component, REV1, significantly inhibits the induction of human PGC-like cells (hPGCLCs). This is recapitulated in mice, where deficiencies in TLS initiation (Rev1-/-orPcnaK164R/K164R) or extension (Rev7-/-) result in a >150-fold reduction in the number of primordial germ cells (PGCs) and complete sterility. In contrast, the absence of TLS does not impact the growth, function, or homeostasis of somatic tissues. Surprisingly, we find a complete failure in both activation of the germ cell transcriptional program and in DNA demethylation, a critical step in germline epigenetic reprogramming. Our findings show that for normal fertility, DNA repair is required not only for meiotic recombination but for progression through the earliest stages of germ cell development in mammals.
Cell contacts and pericellular matrix in the Xenopus gastrula chordamesoderm
Authors: Luu Olivia , Barua Debanjan , Winklbauer Rudolf 
Published: July 2023

AbstractConvergent extension of the chordamesoderm is the best-examined gastrulation movement in Xenopus. Here we study general features of cell-cell contacts in this tissue by combining depletion of adhesion factors C-cadherin, Syndecan-4, fibronectin, and hyaluronic acid, the analysis of respective contact width spectra and contact angles, and La3+staining of the pericellular matrix. We provide evidence that like in other gastrula tissues, cell-cell adhesion in the chordamesoderm is largely mediated by different types of pericellular matrix. Specific glycocalyx structures previously identified in Xenopus gastrula tissues are absent in chordamesoderm but other contact types like 10-20 nm wide La3+stained structures are present instead. Knockdown of any of the adhesion factors reduces the abundance of cell contacts but not the average relative adhesiveness of the remaining ones: a decrease of adhesiveness at low contact widths is compensated by an increase of contact widths and an increase of adhesiveness proportional to width. From the adhesiveness-width relationship, we derive a model of chordamesoderm cell adhesion that involves the interdigitation of distinct pericellular matrix units. Quantitative description of pericellular matrix deployment suggests that reduced contact abundance upon adhesion factor depletion is due to some contact types becoming non-adhesive and others being lost.
The empirical demand for farm insurance in Ireland: a quantile regression approach
Authors: Loughrey Jason , Vidyaratne Herath 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to analyse the association between farm/farmer characteristics and unsubsidized farm insurance premium expenditure in Ireland. The distribution of farm insurance expenditures is wide, and it is important to understand the extent to which individual factors influence demand for different levels of insurance premium.Design/methodology/approachThe quantile regression approach and farm accountancy data from the Teagasc National Farm Survey are used to model the association between farm/farmer characteristics and farm insurance demand in Ireland.FindingsAsset values (livestock, buildings and machinery) are positively associated with total insurance expenditure. Both forestry area and crop area are significantly associated with farm insurance expenditure with a stronger influence on the middle and upper part of the distribution. The interaction between farm income and farmer age is positively associated with insurance expenditure pointing to the importance of farm income protection.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is mainly concerned with insuring against substantive risks, which are capable of threatening the asset base and continuation of the farm business. Future research can integrate questions in relation to farm safety and farmer health with research on the economic survival of the farm business.Practical implicationsFarmers in Ireland adopt unsubsidized farm insurance as a risk management tool. This situation is relevant to other EU member states including Belgium, Denmark, Germany and Sweden. The findings can be used to inform stakeholders and policymakers about the relative impact of different factors on insurance expenditure.Originality/valuePrevious research has typically focused on the linear relationship between farm/farmer characteristics and insurance demand without accounting for variability across the size distribution. This research is based on the quantile regression approach where the association between farm/farmer characteristics and farm insurance expenditure can be assessed at different points of the distribution.
Eco-innovation and performance of SMEs in Ecuador
Authors: Michalski Marek , Montes-Botella Jose Luis , Guevara Piedra Whashington 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThis article presents a new approach to modeling the relationships of eco-innovation. The impact of eco-innovation on organizational performance is well known, but the opposite direction has not been explored.Design/methodology/approachThe research used an online questionnaire survey emailed to 100 Ecuadorian managers. Data obtained from the 62 respondents were analyzed through structural equation modeling.FindingsThe results confirm that while eco-innovation increases company performance, higher performance is negatively related to eco-innovation, with managers preferring to dedicate company resources to projects with more significant benefits and lower outlay.Research limitations/implicationsThis study was conducted in one country, so generalizability may be limited. Moreover, the cross-sectional data prevent inferences of causality.Practical implicationsEco-innovation activities are important to managers and can help them with a new definition of company strategy. The findings confirm that eco-innovation drives performance but not vice versa. It could be necessary to modify the strategy to create a sustainable business.Originality/valueThe results elucidate both directions of the relationship between eco-innovation and performance, representing a new contribution to the literature. The results also confirm that eco-innovation activities are valuable tools in building and developing emerging economies.
Cyber intimate partner aggression in adulthood: the role of insecure attachment and self-control
Authors: Booth Natalie , Derefaka Gail , Khan Roxanne , Brewer Gayle 
Published: July 2023

PurposeThis study aims to build on existing literature on face-to-face aggression in intimate relationships and adopts Finkel’s I3theory to investigate the relationship between adult attachment style, dispositional self-control and cyber intimate partner aggression (IPA) perpetration and victimization.Design/methodology/approachParticipants (N = 173) 20–52 years of age (M = 32.75 years, SD = 7.73, mode = 29 years) completed a series of standardized online measures to assess anxious and avoidant attachment, dispositional self-control and experience of cyber IPA (psychological, sexual and stalking), as both a perpetrator and victim.FindingsAvoidant attachment was associated with increased perpetration of stalking and psychological abuse. Those high on avoidant attachment were also more likely to report that they were victims of cyber IPA psychological abuse and stalking. Self-control did not predict experience of cyber IPA, as a perpetrator or victim. Interactions between self-control and attachment were also non-significant.Originality/valueThis study addressed the paucity of cyber IPA research conducted with adult populations, by examining processes and factors to improve understanding of the experiences of online perpetration and victimization. The study also found evidence for the importance of impellance factors but not inhibiting factors (Finkel, 2008).
Individual-focused transformational leadership and change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior: mediating and moderating mechanisms of job crafting and employee resilience
Authors: Malik Parul 
Published: July 2023

PurposeDrawing on the transformational leadership theory, this study empirically tests the relationship between individual-focused transformational leadership (IFTL) (i.e. individualized consideration and intellectual stimulation) and change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior (Ch-OCB), proposing the mediating mechanism of job crafting. Also, this study examines the moderating role of employee resilience on the relationship between job crafting and Ch-OCB.Design/methodology/approachA nested data model using a 4-wave time-lagged sample of 210 employees–supervisors dyads from Indian information technology (IT) organizations was tested using hierarchical linear modeling.FindingsThe study results showed a significant association between IFTL and Ch-OCB. Furthermore, job crafting mediated the relationship between IFTL and Ch-OCB. Additionally, the findings indicate that the positive relationship between job crafting and Ch-OCB was found to be stronger when employee resilience levels were higher.Practical implicationsThe study offers significant practical implications to managers, counselors and human resource management (HRM) practitioners for stimulating Ch-OCB. The study findings would aid HRM practitioners in designing individualized-oriented leadership programs to encourage employees to exhibit proactive job-crafting behavior, further augmenting Ch-OCB.Originality/valueThis paper adds to the existing transformational leadership literature by proposing new pathways through which IFTL stimulates job crafting, further leading to enhanced Ch-OCB. Mainly, research studies need to shed more light on leadership characteristics that influence employees' proactive and adaptive work behavior, i.e. job crafting and Ch-OCB. Essentially, this study examined the underlying mechanism through which IFTL relates to employees' Ch-OCB.
Noise exposure exceeded safe limits during neonatal care and road transport but was reduced by active noise cancelling
Authors: Aminudin Nurul , Franta Jan , Bowden Ann , Corcoran John David , El‐Khuffash Afif , McCallion Naomi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAimNoise levels above 45 dB in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and 60 dB during neonatal transport are recognised hazards, but protective equipment is not standard. We measured noise levels in both settings, with and without noise protection.MethodsPeak sound and equivalent continuous sound levels were measured in a NICU and during road transport, at a mannequin's ear and inside and outside the incubator. Recordings were made without protective earwear, with noise protecting earmuffs and with active noise cancelling headphones.ResultsIn the NICU, the peak levels at the ear, and inside and outside the incubator, were 61, 68 and 76 dB. The equivalent continuous sound levels were 45, 54 and 59 dB. During road transport, the respective levels were 70, 77 and 83 dB and 54, 62 and 68 dB. In the NICU, 80% of environmental peak noise reached the ear and this was reduced to 78% with earmuffs and 75% with active noise cancelling. The respective figures during transport were 87% without protection and 72% with active noise cancelling, with an unexpected increase for ear muffs.ConclusionNoise levels exceeded safe limits in the NICU and during transport, but active noise cancelling reduced exposure.
Chemical profiling of a 130‐year‐old manuscript reveals the early use of synthetic lead white correction fluid in ancient China
Authors: Han Bin , Hao Shengcai , Ge Mengfan , Chen Dian , Liu Zhengfeng , Yang Yimin , Feng Lisheng , Shi Jilong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn practice, correction fluid to mask text errors has been continuously in demand since papers began to be predominantly used since the late fourth century AD in ancient China. However, research on the trajectory of correction fluid composition has been largely overlooked and has not been revealed currently. In this study, a multianalytical approach was used to investigate a thin whiteout layer, used as correction fluids applied in 1890, on a book page from the famousImperial Encyclopedia(1726 bronze‐type repaint version). The results showed that the white layer was composed of hydrocerussite ((PbCO3)2·Pb (OH)2) in mixture with plant oil and a tiny portion of calcium carbonate, which had been applied to conceal the originally printed Chinese characters upon which they were rewritten in preparing photographic negatives for reprinting using photolithography. The analysis results also suggest that lead white was likely domestically made using a local lead ore source by the wet synthetic process. Considering the prolonged use of orpiment (As2S3) as a correction fluid ingredient in Chinese tradition, a trajectory to lead white suggests not only advances in pulping and papermaking technology but also a shift in cultural habits and aesthetic psychology in the late Qing Dynasty.
Defect angle as prognostic indicator in the reconstructive therapy of peri‐implantitis
Authors: Monje Alberto , Pons Ramón , Sculean Anton , Nart José , Wang Hom‐Lay 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the influence of the characteristics of bone defects caused by peri‐implantitis on the clinical resolution and radiographic bone gain following reconstructive surgery.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. Periapical x‐rays of bone defects, caused by peri‐implantitis exhibiting intrabony component, were analyzed at baseline and 12‐month follow‐up after reconstructive surgery. Therapy consisted of anti‐infective therapy along with a mixture of allografts with or without a collagen barrier membrane. The association of defect configuration, defect angle (DA), defect width (DW), and baseline marginal bone level (MBL) with clinical resolution (based on a prior defined composite criteria) and radiographic bone gain was correlated by means of generalized estimating equations.ResultsOverall, 33 patients with a total of 48 implants exhibiting peri‐implantitis were included. None of the evaluated variables yielded statistical significance with disease resolution. Defect configuration demonstrated statistical significance when compared to class 1B and 3B, favoring radiographic bone gain for the former (p = 0.005). DW and MBL did not demonstrate statistical significance with radiographic bone gain. On the contrary, DA exhibited strong statistical significance with bone gain (p < 0.001) in the simple and multiple logistic regression analyses. Mean DA reported in this study was 40°, and this resulted in 1.85 mm radiographic bone gain. To achieve ≥1 mm of bone gain, DA must be <57°, while to attain ≥2 mm of bone gain, DA must be <30°.ConclusionBaseline DA of peri‐implantitis intrabony components predicts radiographic bone gain in reconstructive therapy (NCT05282667—this clinical trial was not registered prior to participant recruitment and randomization).
Allergic contact dermatitis from essential oil in consumer products: Mode of uses and value of patch tests with an essential oil series. Results of a French study of the DAG (Dermato‐Allergology group of the French Society of Dermatology)
Authors: Barbaud Annick , Kurihara Flore , Raison‐Peyron Nadia , Milpied Brigitte , Valois Aude , Assier Haudrey , Morice Cécile , Manciet Jean Romain , Gener Gwendeline , Giordano‐Labadie Françoise , Marcant Pierre , Bernier Claire , Amsler Emmanuelle , Crepy Marie Noelle , Tetart Florence , Soria Angèle , le Bouëdec Marie‐Christine Ferrier ,   for the Dermato‐Allergology Group of the French Society of Dermatology (DAG)
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo analyse the clinical characteristics and sensitivity of an essential oil patch test series (EOS) in patients sensitized to their own essential oils (EOs).MethodWe analysed the clinical data and patch test results obtained with the European baseline series (BSE) and an EOS, as well as the mode of use of EOs, through a questionnaire included in the patient file.ResultsThe study included 42 patients (79% women, average age 50 years) with allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), 8 patients required hospitalization. All patients were sensitized to the EO they used, primarily lavender (Lavandula augustifolia, 8000‐28‐0), tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia leaf oil, 68647‐73‐4), ravintsara (Cinnamomum camphora oil, 92201‐50‐8), and 2 cases were attributed to helichrysum (helichrysum italicum flower absolute, 90045‐56‐0). 71% had positive patch tests to fragrance mix I or II, 9 only to the EOS and 4 only with their personal EO. Interestingly, 40% of patients did not spontaneously mention the use of EOs, and only 33% received advice on their use at the time of purchase.ConclusionPatch tests with the BSE, limonene and linalool HP, and oxidized tea tree oil is sufficient to detect most EO‐sensitized patients. The most important is to test the patient's own used EOs.