bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cocaine-induced plasticity, motivation, and cue responsivity do not differ in obesity-prone vs obesity-resistant rats; implications for food addiction
Authors: Saraswat Anish A. , Longyear Lauren G. , Kawa Alex B. , Ferrario Carrie R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Rationale
Compared to obesity-resistant rats, obesity-prone rats consume more food, work harder to obtain food, show greater motivational responses to food-cues, and show greater striatal plasticity in response to eating sugary/fatty foods. Therefore, it is possible that obesity-prone rats may also be more sensitive to the motivational properties of cocaine and cocaine-paired cues, and to plasticity induced by cocaine.

Objective
To examine baseline differences in motivation for cocaine and effects of intermittent access (IntA) cocaine self-administration on cocaine motivation, neurobehavioral responsivity to cocaine-paired cues, and locomotor sensitization in male obesity-prone vs obesity-resistant rats.

Methods
Intravenous cocaine self-administration was used to examine drug-taking and drug-seeking in males. Motivation for cocaine was measured using a within session threshold procedure. Cue-induced c-Fos expression in mesocorticolimbic regions was measured.

Results
Drug-taking and drug-seeking, cue-induced c-Fos, locomotor sensitization, and preferred level of cocaine consumption (Q0) were similar between obesity-prone and obesity-resistant groups. Maximal responding during demand testing (Rmax) was lower in obesity-prone rats. IntA experience enhanced motivation for cocaine (Pmax) in obesity-prone rats.

Conclusions
The results do not support robust inherent differences in motivation for cocaine, cue-induced cocaine seeking, or neurobehavioral plasticity induced by IntA in obesity-prone vs obesity-resistant rats. This contrasts with previously established differences seen for food and food cues in these populations and shows that inherent enhancements in motivation for food and food-paired cues do not necessarily transfer to drugs and drug-paired cues.
Desorganisierte Bindung und körperliche Gesundheit
Authors: Flemming Eva , Lübke Laura , Müller Sascha , Spitzer Carsten 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungHintergrundDie Bindungsforschung hat empirisch gezeigt, dass frühe Beziehungserfahrungen nicht nur für die psychosoziale, sondern auch für die körperliche Entwicklung hoch relevant sind. Während Zusammenhänge zwischen den Dimensionen der „organisierten“ unsicheren Bindung, Angst und Vermeidung, mit körperlichen Erkrankungen gut belegt sind, ist die Studienlage für Merkmale einer desorganisierten Bindung bislang unzureichend.MethodeIn einer Allgemeinbevölkerungsstichprobe von 1101 Teilnehmenden wurden mithilfe von Selbstbeurteilungsskalen desorganisierte Bindung in Partnerschaften und desorganisierte Kindheitsbeschreibungen erfasst. Die Zusammenhänge mit ärztlich diagnostizierten Erkrankungen und der Krankheitslast insgesamt wurden mithilfe von Regressionsmodellen untersucht. Die Analysen erfolgten unter Kontrolle relevanter soziodemografischer Variablen sowie der Risikofaktoren Rauchen, riskanter Alkoholkonsum und Body-Mass-Index.ErgebnisseHinsichtlich der Krankheitsgruppen waren neurologische Erkrankungen konsistent sowohl mit desorganisierter Bindung in der Partnerbeziehung als auch mit selbstbeurteilten desorganisierten Kindheitsbeschreibungen assoziiert. Es zeigten sich Zusammenhänge zwischen desorganisierter Bindung und Krankheitslast, die unabhängig von den Dimensionen der „organisierten“ unsicheren Bindung, Angst und Vermeidung, bestanden.DiskussionPersonen mit desorganisierter Bindung weisen eine schlechtere körperliche Gesundheit auf, wobei die genauen Mechanismen in weiteren Studien untersucht werden sollten. Die Ergebnisse deuten darauf hin, dass in der psychotherapeutischen Behandlung dieser PatientInnen die körperliche Gesundheit nicht außer Acht gelassen und gesundheitsfördernde Verhaltensweisen gestärkt werden sollten.
High dynamic range in videodensitometry—a comparative study to classic videoscanning on Gentiana extracts
Authors: Gadowski Sebastian , Tomiczak Karolina , Komsta Łukasz 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe advantages of high dynamic range (HDR) imaging in videodensitometry are presented and discussed on the example of Gentiana extract thin-layer fingerprints visualized under 254 nm. An inexpensive microscope camera, together with security surveillance lens, mounted instead of original camera on videodensitometry chamber, allows to grab HDR images with high tonal range using Python scripts and OpenCL library. HDR imaging preserves linearity in whole tonal range and does not destroy details in the brightest and darkest plate regions, so it can be seen as a good alternative to classical videodensitometry. Moreover, the tonemapping of HDR images can be used to present a plate photograph with enhanced visibility of weak spots and other details. Principal component analysis done on nine classic exposures and HDR image proves that HDR image contains the highest amount of extracted information from the thin-layer chromatographic plate.
Carbon border adjustment mechanism in the transition to net-zero emissions: collective implementation and distributional impacts
Authors: Perdana Sigit , Vielle Marc 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAs an instrument to minimize carbon leakage, the effects and feasibility of Carbon Border Adjustments Mechanism (CBAM) will depend on multiple design options. While the EU has committed to introducing CBAM as part of its green climate deal, pursuing climate efforts to successfully limit global warming requires a collective implementation involving major emitters China and the US. This paper quantifies the distributional impacts of a joint CBAM implementation of in a climate alliance or a club of the EU, the US, and China. Differing from a myriad of studies that focus on unilateral CBAM, this analysis emphasizes collective implications on leakage, sectoral competitiveness, and welfare by projecting climate neutrality relative to current policies and climate targets. Our findings confirm that coalition reduces leakage, improves production on energy-intensive industries, and increases club’s welfare relative to a non-CBAM and a unilateral implementation. These are in contrast with some unilateral analytical studies, especially for the US. It is further proof of the potential of CBAM as collective instruments to facilitate mitigation and trade competitiveness.
Kurcuma: a kitchen utensil recognition collection for unsupervised domain adaptation
Authors: Rosello Adrian , Valero-Mas Jose J. , Gallego Antonio Javier , Sáez-Pérez Javier , Calvo-Zaragoza Jorge 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe use of deep learning makes it possible to achieve extraordinary results in all kinds of tasks related to computer vision. However, this performance is strongly related to the availability of training data and its relationship with the distribution in the eventual application scenario. This question is of vital importance in areas such as robotics, where the targeted environment data are barely available in advance. In this context, domain adaptation (DA) techniques are especially important to building models that deal with new data for which the corresponding label is not available. To promote further research in DA techniques applied to robotics, this work presents Kurcuma (Kitchen Utensil Recognition Collection for Unsupervised doMain Adaptation), an assortment of seven datasets for the classification of kitchen utensils—a task of relevance in home-assistance robotics and a suitable showcase for DA. Along with the data, we provide a broad description of the main characteristics of the dataset, as well as a baseline using the well-known domain-adversarial training of neural networks approach. The results show the challenge posed by DA on these types of tasks, pointing to the need for new approaches in future work.
Pictonaut: movie cartoonization using 3D human pose estimation and GANs
Authors: Tous Ruben 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis article describes Pictonaut, a novel method to automatically synthetise animated shots from motion picture footage. Its results are editable (backgrounds, characters, lighting, etc.) with conventional 3D software, and they have the finish of professional 2D animation. Rather than addressing the challenge solely as an image translation problem, a hybrid approach combining multi-person 3D human pose estimation and GANs is taken. Sub-sampled video frames are processed with OpenPose and SMPLify-X to obtain the 3D parameters of the pose (body, hands and face expression) of all depicted characters. The captured parameters are retargeted into manually selected 3D models, cel shaded to mimic the style of a 2D cartoon. The results of sub-sampled frames are interpolated to generate a complete and smooth motion for all the characters. The background is cartoonized with a GAN. Qualitative evaluation shows that the approach is feasible, and a small dataset of synthetised shots obtained from real movie scenes is provided.
Blood Pressure Affects the Early CT Perfusion Imaging in Patients with aSAH Reflecting Early Disturbed Autoregulation
Authors: Hofmann Björn B. , Donaldson Daniel M. , Fischer Igor , Karadag Cihat , Neyazi Milad , Piedade Guilherme S. , Abusabha Yousef , Muhammad Sajjad , Rubbert Christian , Hänggi Daniel , Beseoglu Kerim 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Early computed tomography perfusion (CTP) is frequently used to predict delayed cerebral ischemia following aneurysmatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). However, the influence of blood pressure on CTP is currently controversial (HIMALAIA trial), which differs from our clinical observations. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the influence of blood pressure on early CTP imaging in patients with aSAH.

Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the mean transit time (MTT) of early CTP imaging within 24 h after bleeding prior to aneurysm occlusion with respect to blood pressure shortly before or after the examination in 134 patients. We correlated the cerebral blood flow with the cerebral perfusion pressure in the case of patients with intracranial pressure measurement. We performed a subgroup analysis of good-grade (World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies [WFNS] I–III), poor-grade (WFNS IV–V), and solely WFNS grade V aSAH patients.

Results
Mean arterial pressure (MAP) significantly correlated inversely with the mean MTT in early CTP imaging (R =  − 0.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] − 0.34 to − 0.01, p = 0.042). Lower mean blood pressure was significantly associated with a higher mean MTT. Subgroup analysis revealed an increasing inverse correlation when comparing WFNS I–III (R =  − 0.08, 95% CI − 0.31 to 0.16, p = 0.53) patients with WFNS IV–V (R =  − 0.2, 95% CI − 0.42 to 0.05, p = 0.12) patients, without reaching statistical significance. However, if only patients with WFNS V are considered, a significant and even stronger correlation between MAP and MTT (R =  − 0.4, 95% CI − 0.65 to 0.07, p = 0.02) is observed. In patients with intracranial pressure monitoring, a stronger dependency of cerebral blood flow on cerebral perfusion pressure is observed for poor-grade patients compared with good-grade patients.

Conclusions
The inverse correlation between MAP and MTT in early CTP imaging, increasing with the severity of aSAH, suggests an increasing disturbance of cerebral autoregulation with the severity of early brain injury. Our results emphasize the importance of maintaining physiological blood pressure values in the early phase of aSAH and preventing hypotension, especially in patients with poor-grade aSAH.
Influence of chemical reaction and variable mass diffusivity on non-Newtonian fluid flow due to a rough stretching sheet with magnetic field and Cattaneo-Christov fluxes
Authors: Yousef N. S. , Megahed Ahmed M. , Fares Eman 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA non-Newtonian Williamson fluid flow due to a stretching sheet with radiation, magnetic field, and viscous dissipation effects is described using variable conductivity and variable diffusivity. The Cattaneo-Christov model is used to correctly compute the physical properties of a heat and mass flux model. Both the chemical reaction phenomenon and the slip velocity have an impact on the heat and mass mechanism. The physical problem is represented mathematically as a nonlinear coupled differential system. After that, the shooting method is used to solve the mathematical model numerically. To gain a better understanding of the behavior of governing emergent factors on dimensionless velocity, concentration, and temperature profiles, physical interpretations are created and discussed utilizing graphical and tabular representations. The results show that the Sherwood number and the Nusselt number are both decreased by the magnetic, viscosity, and slip velocity parameters. Also, according to the findings it has been observed that the concentration outlines enhances for the magnetic number, the viscosity parameter, and the slip velocity parameter, but they dwindle for expanding reaction rate values. Finally, after confirmation of our numerical results, the theoretical results show good agreement with previously published work.
Determinants of Keloid recurrence: The Nairobi keloid recurrence scoring system; A cohort, prospective study
Authors: Nang’ole Ferdinand W. , Anzala Omu , Ogeng’o Julius , Agak George W. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Keloid disease is a fibro-proliferative disorder characterized by excessive deposition of collagen. Keloids has shown high recurrence rate. We undertook this study to determine what factors influence recurrence of the disease with the aim of developing a keloid recurrence scoring system.

Methods
This was a cohort prospective longitudinal study of patients who presented with keloids, managed by surgical excision followed by post excision radiotherapy. Post-surgery patients were followed up for at least two years to determine recurrence. Variables analyzed included patients’ history, clinical presentation and keloid histology. Data captured were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Student T-test and Chi-square test were used to compare means and frequencies respectively at 95% confidence level (P-Value <0.05). Multi regression analysis was done to determine the contributions of various variables to keloid recurrence.

Results
Ninety patients were followed up in the study for duration of two years. Overall keloid recurrence was 21% with male patients having a significantly higher recurrence rate of 31% compared to the female at 12%. The recurrence rates were also higher in familial keloids at 27.7% compared to sporadic keloids at 18.5%. Other factors that influenced recurrence included anatomical location, patient’s blood group and histological composition of the keloid. Multiple regression analysis done demonstrated that gender and family history was the biggest contributor to keloid recurrence.

Conclusion
Keloid recurrence is influenced by many factors including family history, clinical presentation and keloid histology. A Keloid recurrence scoring system encompassing these factors could assist in the determination of post excision management as well as prediction of the likelihood of recurrence.

Highlights
Origins of Multidecadal SST Variations in the Southern Atlantic and Indian Oceans Since the 1960s
Authors: Gao Xing , Li Yuanlong , Lin Pengfei , Zhang Lei , Ren Qiuping , Lu Ying , Wang Fan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMultidecadal sea surface temperature covariance in the southern Atlantic and Indian Oceans within the 20°–45°S band (termed the SAIOs) has been detected, but the origins of these variations remain uncertain. This study focuses on the decade‐long warming surge (0.43°C/decade) during 1965–1975 and the stalled warming pace (0.05°C/decade) thereafter. Observations and models overall suggest the essence of external forcing in controlling the warming rates of these two periods. Specifically, the 1963 eruption of Mount Agung caused an abrupt cooling of the SAIO, and the recovery of radiative heating during the following decade led to rapid surface warming. The persistent positive trend of the Southern Annular Mode since the late‐1970s has retarded the SAIO warming, primarily by enhancing surface wind speed and latent heat release. Although internal variability can also affect the SAIO through atmospheric teleconnections, its role is overall secondary during the two periods.
Compression at Strike‐Slip Fault Is a Favorable Condition for Subduction Initiation
Authors: Zhong Xinyi , Li Zhong‐Hai 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe recent statistics suggests that over 60% of active Cenozoic subduction initiation (SI) cases are related to the strike‐slip fault. A number of previous studies have shown that the lithospheric weak zone is a necessary condition for the SI. However, the direct effect of strike‐slip motion on lithospheric weakening and SI has rarely been investigated in numerical models due to the challenge of complex 3D boundary conditions. In this study, a new 3D model has been built with both strike‐slip and compression boundary conditions. The model results indicate that the compression at a strike‐slip boundary provides a favorable condition for the SI, with producing and maintaining a lithospheric‐scale weak zone that facilitates strain localization and SI. In addition, the high strike‐slip velocity and buoyant overriding plate contributes to the SI of young oceanic plate. This mechanism satisfies a large number of natural SI cases in the Cenozoic.
Calcium Isotope Evolution During Differentiation of Vesta and Calcium Isotopic Heterogeneities in the Inner Solar System
Authors: Zhu Ke , Hui Hejiu , Klaver Martijn , Li Shi‐Jie , Chen Lu , Hsu Weibiao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe employed MC‐ICP‐MS to measure the mass‐dependent Ca isotope compositions of Vesta‐related meteorites. Eucrites and diogenites show distinct Ca isotope compositions, which is caused by crystallization of isotopically heavy orthopyroxene. The Ca isotope data support a model where the two lithologies are linked, where the diogenites, mainly composed of orthopyroxene crystallized from an eucritic melt. As normal eucrites are the main Ca reservoir on Vesta, their δ44/40Ca values (per mil 44Ca/40Ca ratios relative to NIST 915a) best represents that of bulk silicate Vesta (0.83 ± 0.04‰). This value is different from those of bulk Earth (0.94 ± 0.05‰) and Mars (1.04 ± 0.07‰), suggesting that there exists notable Ca isotope heterogeneity between inner solar system bodies. The δ44/40Ca difference between chondrules and these planets does not support the pebble accretion model as the main mechanism for planetary growth.
Mesoscale Convective Systems in DYAMOND Global Convection‐Permitting Simulations
Authors: Feng Zhe , Leung L. Ruby , Hardin Joseph , Terai Christopher R. , Song Fengfei , Caldwell Peter 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study examines the deep convection populations and mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) simulated in the DYAMOND (DYnamics of the atmospheric general circulation modeled on non‐hydrostatic domains) winter project. A storm tracking algorithm is applied to six DYAMOND simulations and a global high‐resolution satellite cloud and precipitation data set for comparison. The simulated frequencies of tropical deep convection and organized convective systems vary widely among models and regions, although robust MCSs are generally underestimated. The diurnal cycles of MCS initiation and mature stages are well simulated, but the amplitudes are exaggerated over land. Most models capture the observed MCS lifetime, cloud shield area, rainfall volume and movement speed. However, cloud‐top height and convective rainfall intensity are consistently overestimated, and stratiform rainfall area and amount are consistently underestimated. Possible causes for the model differences compared to observations and implications for future model developments are discussed.
Upstream Shift of Generation Region of Whistler‐Mode Rising‐Tone Emissions in the Magnetosphere
Authors: Nogi Takeshi , Omura Yoshiharu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWe have performed a series of simulation runs for whistler‐mode wave‐particle interaction in a parabolic magnetic field with 12 different frequencies of triggering waves and 3 different plasma frequencies specifying cold plasma densities. Under a given plasma condition, a specific frequency range of the triggering wave exists that can generate rising‐tone emissions. The generation region of rising‐tone emission shifts upstream. The velocity of the wave generation region is dependent on duration of the subpacket, which is controlled by the formation of the resonant current in the generation region. When the source velocity, which is a sum of the resonance and group velocities, is approximately the same as the velocity of the wave generation region, a long‐sustaining rising‐tone emission is generated. When the spatial and temporal gap between subpackets exists due to damping phase of short subpacket generation, resonant electrons in the gap of the subpackets are carried at the resonance velocity to the upstream region, and the velocity of the wave generation region becomes large in magnitude. When formation of resonant currents is delayed, the velocity of the generation region becomes smaller than the source velocity in magnitude. Below one quarter of the cyclotron frequency, coalescence of subpackets takes place, suppressing formation of the resonant current in the generation region. Since gradual upstream shift of the generation region is necessary for the wave to grow locally, the source velocity should be a small negative value.
Stress Features Inferred From Induced Earthquakes in the Weiyuan Shale Gas Block in Southwestern China
Authors: Chu Risheng , Sheng Minhan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractStress features, particularly local stress field and earthquake stress drops, are important to understand mechanism of induced earthquakes. Since shale gas exploitations in 2015, the Weiyuan shale gas block has experienced frequent earthquakes. In this paper, we determine focal mechanisms of 257 events with ML > 1.5 by fitting three‐component waveforms, invert for direction of maximum horizontal stress for two dense earthquake clusters, and then calculate stress drops for 17 earthquakes with moment magnitudes between 2.2 and 2.75 through the spectral ratio method. The focal mechanisms of all earthquakes are reverse faulting. The orientation of local maximum horizontal compressive stress is in the ESE direction, consistent with crustal movement indicated by GPS measurements. Both the focal mechanisms and microseismicity locations suggest the existence of steeply dipping faults with dip angles of ∼70°, which are relatively rare and difficult to slip under usual conditions, unlike major induced earthquakes with strike‐slip or low‐angle thrusting faults in the midwestern United States and western Canada. However, the steeply dipping reverse events can be induced by large pore pressure from hydraulic fracturing. The stress drops range from 2.5 to 54.7 MPa, comparable to those of potentially induced earthquakes in the midwestern United States. Our results imply earthquakes in the Weiyuan area are controlled by local tectonic stress and induced by large pore pressure from hydraulic fracturing, which advances our knowledge of reactivation of steeply dipping reverse faults.