bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experience in the use of phytotherapy in the treatment of bronchitis in children
Authors: Potapova N. L. , Markovskaya A. I. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction. Cough is one of the most common symptoms faced by a pediatrician in clinical practice. The most common cause of acute cough in children is a viral infection. A growing amount of scientific data indicates that phytotherapy is an effective and safe form of auxiliary treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract, accompanied by cough and sputum formation (tracheitis, tracheobronchitis, bronchitis).Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of the use of herbal medicinal product (extract combination of thyme herb and Hedera helix leaves) in acute bronchitis, including in children with bronchitis of atypical etiology.Materials and methods. A comparative prospective follow-up of 60 outpatient patients aged 3–12 years with a diagnosis of Acute bronchitis was carried out. The patients were divided into groups: group 1 (n = 28) – receiving the phytopreparation, of which 8 children with mycoplasma bronchitis – a combination of herbal medicinal product + clarithromycin; group 2 (n = 32) – receiving ambroxol, of which 10 patients with mycoplasma bronchitis – a combination of ambroxol + clarithromycin. Patients were included in the study for 2–3 days of the disease, control points of examinations – 6–7 days and 10–12 days. The time period of the study is 2019–2021.Results. Against the background of taking the drug herbal medicinal product, there was a faster decrease in cough episodes (from 85 to 10% of patients), the transfer of dry cough to wet, as well as normalization of daily activities (95%), compared with ambroxol. The maximum effect was achieved by the 10th day of observation. In atypical bronchitis, results were obtained confirming the effectiveness and safety of using the drug herbal medicinal product with an antibiotic.Conclusions. The results obtained indicate the expediency of using the drug herbal medicinal product in acute bronchitis, including in combination with an antibiotic for bronchitis of atypical etiology.
Application of MK trend and test of Sen's slope estimator to measure impact of climate change on the adoption of conservation agriculture in Ethiopia
Authors: Jiqin Han , Gelata Fikiru Temesgen , Chaka Gemeda Samerawit 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study is to identify the adoption level of this agricultural technology affected by climate change and to confirm the relationship with conservation agriculture. The assessment was carried out using the Mann–Kendall trend test and the Sen's slope is used. The collected data were statistically analyzed by Statistical Down Scaling Model Software to compare the observed and climate model scenarios of temperature and precipitation. According to the results of the study, earth analysis of the 2001–2021 data revealed that 26.68% of the land area has improved productivity, 67.38% of the territory is stable, 5.93% of the area has degraded productivity, and 0.02% of the area has no productivity data. The study result indicated that there is variability, a decrease in rainfall, and a rise in temperature in the area. The Mann–Kendall and Sen's slope test findings for the total maximum annual rainfall reveal a P-value of 0.307, indicating that there is no pattern in the series or variability of rainfall and that there is a diminishing trend in the rainfall data. The study's findings may help decision-makers and water managers provide more sustainable strategies and methods for managing water resources.
Justice and sanitation governance: an enquiry into the implementation of the Swachh Bharat Mission-Rural programme in UP, India
Authors: Khare Kopal , Suresh Lavanya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The Swachh Bharat Mission-Rural (SBM-R) is a flagship programme aimed at ending open defecation in rural India. In this paper, we study institutions and processes using Amartya Sen's conception of justice. We review the outcomes by assessing agencies, actions and processes involved in the implementation of the SBM-R programme. The findings are analysed using the Sanitation Well-being Framework. Sanitation well-being is achieved when an individual is able to experience the sanitation life cycle stages of acceptance, construction, utilisation and maintenance of safe disposal, which are part of the framework. The capability factors grouped under personal, cultural, structural, environmental and service elements of the framework determine the sanitation environment facilitated by the state. Failure in experiencing one of the life stages leads to slippage in sanitation, where people resume open defecation, despite possessing toilets. The paper presents a review of literature on the political, technological and structural issues in programme implementation, followed by an analysis of 42 interviews and 12 focused group discussions of state and non-state actors conducted in rural Shravasti, Uttar Pradesh, India. We found that slippage is prevalent in the field site and identified 26 capability factors (expansion and constraints) that led to slippage in sanitation.
Assessing the impacts of different crop rotations on groundwater level using MODFLOW in a dry, Barind area of Bangladesh
Authors: Ali M. H. , Biswas P. , Zaman M. H. , Islam M. A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe lowering of the groundwater table caused by increased groundwater use in the dry, Barind region has prompted sustainability concerns. In this study, water-table (WT) scenarios were simulated by the MODFLOW model under different crop rotations in Barind, a dry region of Bangladesh, to examine the effects of crop rotations on groundwater level. The studied crop rotations and recharge conditions were: with existing cropping pattern; 100, 30 and 50% of present Boro rice is replaced by Aus rice; existing cropping pattern, but with reduced recharge to 90 and 80% of present recharge. A calibrated MODFLOW model was used to develop WT scenarios. According to the modeling results, the declination of WT will be lessened and the situation with regard to WT will therefore be improved with the gradual substitution of Boro by Aus and Rabi (30, 50 and 100%). The simulated WT scenario will be useful for policymakers to set policies about cropping patterns or groundwater withdrawal amounts targeting the area's long-term sustainability of groundwater.
A Case of Eosinophilic Cystitis treated with Mepolizumab
Authors: Alzaabi Saeed , Nasir Mohsen 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Eosinophilic cystitis is a rare inflammatory cystitis of unknown origin. Common symptoms include urinary frequency, urgency, pain, and recurrent
urinary tract infections. Currently used treatments include corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory drugs, antihistamines, and antibiotics. Here we
present a case of successful treatment of eosinophilic cystitis with mepolizumab.

Case Presentation:
A 41-year-old female presented with urinary frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain. She underwent multiple tests including cystoscopy and
biopsy, which revealed a diagnosis of eosinophilic cystitis in 2000. She was initially managed with oral antihistamines and oral steroids. However,
over the years her symptoms increased in frequency, intensity, and duration. Montelukast 10 mg daily started which did not show any
improvement. In 2017 Mepolizumab 100 mg every 4 weeks started. The patient noted improvement after a few months, and she was tolerating her
injections well without side effects and had no further flares of her condition.

Discussion:
We present a case of eosinophilic cystitis which was refractory to multiple treatments and responded well to mepolizumab. There are no definite
guidelines for the management of EC and there is no curative treatment for this disease. Mepolizumab is an anti-IL-5 monoclonal antibody and the
use of mepolizumab in the management of EC that is refractory to treatment have been reported in a few cases. The use of mepolizumab has been
described in different diseases associated with eosinophilic inflammation such as severe eosinophilic asthma, eosinophilic esophagitis, eosinophilic
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and severe nasal polyposis.

Conclusion:
Mepolizumab can be considered a treatment option in EC cases refractory to the standard treatment. At this time, larger studies are needed to
evaluate the efficacy and safety of mepolizumab in EC.
Gonadotropic Activity of Pituitary Extract of African Catfish,
Clarias gariepinus, in Mammals using Immature Wistar Rats as
Models
Authors: Azubuike Ubah Simon , Eneojo Abalaka Samson , Clara Asibor Victory , Kehinde Ogundana Ebenezer , Iyojo Itodo Joy , Adikpe Agbonu Oluwa , Kwinjoh Columbus Philemon , Owoicho Abah Kenneth , Ese Obudu Christopher , Akefe Isaac Oluwatobi , Adaoma Ezinwo Prisca 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The pituitary glands normally produce and stores gonadotropic
hormones (GnH) that are responsible for ovulation and spermiation in animals. However,
whether fish pituitary extracts can elicit same effects in treated animals need elucidation as
a prelude to their practical usage in animals.

Objectives:
The aim of this study was to investigate the oestrus-inducing potential of the
pituitary gland extract of the Africa Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in immature Wistar rats.

Methods:
The experiment involved the use of 18 immature female Wistar rats and 10 male
catfish brood stocks with the use of six Wistar rats per groups as follows: Group A had
human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) treatment. Group B had only normal saline treatment
as the control whereas Group C had the C. gariepinus pituitary extract administration to
induce oestrus with treatments occurring twice six hours apart in each group.

Results:
There was an obvious expression of visible signs of heat and the presence of uterine
horn oedema with significant (p < 0.05) increase in reproductive tract weight and uterine
width and length. However, only progesterone levels increased significantly (p < 0.05)
in the hCG and the C. gariepinus pituitary extract treated groups compared to other assayed
hormones.

Conclusion:
These results showed that C. gariepinus pituitary extract has the capacity to induce
oestrus in Wistar rats because of its gonadotropic effects, which needs further investigations
at higher doses and for longer exposure periods for possible oestrus induction and synchronization
in higher mammals. Further favourable results could herald the possible patent
of the catfish pituitary extract for either experimental or commercial use in mammals.
Kodeks etyki a zjawisko uporczywej terapii w pracy pielęgniarki
Authors: Rybka Mariola , Koszczka Renata 
Published: March 2023

Wstęp. Kodeks etyki pielęgniarskiej stanowi moralny drogowskaz postępowania zawodowego. Przedstawia on działania i postawy jakie powinny prezentować pielęgniarki wobec pacjenta, współpracowników oraz praktyki zawodowej. Normy zawarte w kodeksie etyki zawodowej służą pomocą w rozwiązywaniu dylematów moralnych pojawiających się w czasie wykonywania codziennej pracy zawodowej. Do dylematów etycznych należy m.in. zjawisko uporczywej terapii. Termin ten oznacza stosowanie procedur i zabiegów medycznych nieproporcjonalnych do zamierzonych celów terapii.
Cel. Celem badań było poznanie opinii pielęgniarek na temat wpływu etyki na podejmowane decyzje w sytuacji stosowania uporczywej terapii.
Materiały i metody. Badaniem objęto grupę 100 pielęgniarek aktywnych zawodowo. Grupą respondentów byli studenci II stopnia na kierunku pielęgniarstwo. Wiek respondentów mieścił się w przedziale 25 do 56 lat. Metodą wykorzystaną w pracy był sondaż diagnostyczny. Narzędziem badawczym był kwestionariusz ankiety konstrukcji własnej, składający się z 22 pytań zamkniętych.
Wyniki. Respondenci potwierdzili występowanie zjawiska uporczywej terapii stosowanej wobec pacjentów. Wdrożenie do praktyki zasad Kodeksu etyki pielęgniarskiej w omawianym aspekcie napotyka na szereg trudności. Znajomość kodeksu etyki zawodowej pielęgniarki oceniły na bardzo dobrym poziomie. Większość, czyli 90% respondentów spotkała się ze zjawiskiem uporczywej terapii. Grupa ¾ badanych wskazuje poprawnie definicję pojęcia uporczywa terapia.
Wnioski. Najnowsze osiągnięcia medyczne pozwalają na długotrwałe, sztuczne podtrzymywanie życia tylko nie zawsze jest to zgodne z naukami etyki. Pielęgniarki w swojej pracy napotykają sytuacje gdzie następuje przekroczenie granicy terapii przynoszącej pozytywny efekt terapeutyczny, a działaniami zmierzającymi w kierunku uporczywej terapii. Do czynników wiodących do podejmowania decyzji o prowadzeniu terapii daremnej przez personel medyczny była presja ze strony rodziny pacjenta.
Wady postawy u dzieci – profilaktyczna rola pielęgniarki
Authors: Antczak-Komoterska Anna , Lewińska Aneta 
Published: March 2023

Wstęp. Wady postawy są obecnie problemem zdrowotnym i społecznym. Obserwujemy, coraz większą liczbę nieprawidłowości w rozwoju narządu ruchu i statyki ciała u dzieci i młodzieży. Wzrastający z roku na rok procent dzieci z wadami postawy, zmusza do szerszego zainteresowania się tą problematyką.
Cel. Celem pracy było przedstawienie charakterystyki wad postawy u dzieci i działań pielęgniarki w zakresie ich prewencji.
Materiał i metody. Metoda zastosowana w pracy to analiza literatury.
Przegląd. Profilaktyka i edukacja zdrowotna w zakresie wad postawy jest najważniejsza w walce z błędami w zachowaniu zdrowotnym i zakorzenionymi nawykami. Najbardziej podatną na edukację jest grupa dzieci i młodzieży. Okres wzrastania jako najbardziej plastyczny w rozwoju, jest bardzo podatny na naukę prawidłowych wzorców i korektę nieprawidłowości postawy. Rodzina, przedszkole, szkoła to środowiska, które wywierają duży wpływ na tworzenie i utrwalanie różnych zachowań.
Wnioski. Postawy życiowe i zachowanie zdrowotne kształtujące się w tym okresie sprawiają, że promowanie zdrowia poprzez edukację zdrowotną kierowaną do dzieci i młodzieży jest bardzo istotnym elementem pracy pielęgniarki.
Web-Based Digital Storytelling for Endometriosis and Pain: Qualitative Pilot Study
Authors: Howard A Fuchsia , Noga Heather , Parmar Gurkiran , Kennedy Lan , Aragones Sarah , Bassra Roop , Gelfer Lauren , Lopez de Arbina Edurne , Sutherland Jessica , Allaire Catherine , Oliffe John L , Currie Leanne M , Yager Holly , Yong Paul J 
Published: March 2023

Background
Endometriosis is a complex chronic disease characterized by pain, including painful sex, that can contribute to considerable sexual function, self-esteem, and relationship challenges. Digital storytelling is an arts-based, participatory methodology wherein individuals create and share their illness experiences in detailing their lived experiences.

Objective
The study objective was to pilot-test a web-based digital storytelling workshop focused on endometriosis to understand storytellers’ experiences of workshop participation. We assessed the feasibility of story cocreation and sharing, including the emotional impact of workshop participation, the acceptability of the workshop for the subject matter, and the storytellers’ willingness to share their stories with broader audiences as a method for knowledge translation.

Methods
This study used a community-based participatory methodology supplemented with patient-oriented research and integrated knowledge translation. Study participants, referred to as storytellers, cocreated 3- to 5-minute individual digital stories about their lived experiences of endometriosis during a web-based workshop (comprising five 2-hour sessions over 6 weeks) facilitated by The Center for Digital Storytelling. Data were collected through participant observations at the workshop, storyteller weekly reflective journals, and an end-of-workshop focus group interview with storytellers. These data were analyzed using a qualitative interpretive description approach.

Results
A total of 5 women and 1 nonbinary storyteller aged 19 to 39 years who had experienced endometriosis for 4 to 22 years participated in the study. We characterized storytelling workshop participation and the acceptability of story cocreation by describing participants’ experiences of opportunity, commitment, and connection; complex emotions that were healing; and a desire to share. Feasibility was demonstrated through 100% engagement in the workshops. All 6 storytellers reported feeling empowered by publicly sharing their cocreated digital stories through social media and the Sex, Pain & Endometriosis website.

Conclusions
Despite the complexities of the story-building process, the workshop and the cocreation and sharing of digital stories were feasible. The storytellers found that this process allowed for emotional healing and personal empowerment by offering a unique way to talk about painful sex, which also facilitated a connection among those in the workshop. The use of digital storytelling as a knowledge translation tool shows promise, and this approach also has potential as a therapeutic intervention.
The Use of Digital Health by South Asian Communities: Scoping Review
Authors: Aldosari Nasser , Ahmed Saima , McDermott Jane , Stanmore Emma 
Published: March 2023

Background
South Asian individuals experience a higher burden of chronic diseases and limited access to health care services compared with their Caucasian peers. Digital health interventions can enhance the delivery of health care, minimize health inequities, and consequently improve health status among minority ethnic groups. However, it is unclear how South Asian people view and perceive the use of digital health technologies to support their health needs.

Objective
The aim of the review is to identify South Asian individuals’ experiences and attitudes of digital health and explore the barriers and facilitators affecting their use of digital health services.

Methods
The Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework was used to guide this scoping review. Five electronic databases were examined for pertinent papers, which were augmented by searching bibliographies of the retrieved papers and gray literature. A total of 1328 potentially relevant papers were retrieved from the initial search, and the supplemental search added 7 papers to the final list of potentially included papers. Each paper on the initial inclusion list was independently reviewed, leaving 15 papers to be included in the review.

Results
Data were analyzed thematically leading to the development of two overarching themes: (1) barriers to uptake of digital health and (2) facilitators of use of digital health services. There was a general consensus that South Asian communities still struggle with inadequate access to digital health technologies. Some studies suggest multiple initiatives to improve accessibility and acceptability of digital health services within South Asian communities in order to mitigate health disparities and develop a more inclusive health care system. These include the development of multiple-language and culturally sensitive interventions and digital skill development sessions. Most studies were conducted in South Asian countries, focusing on measurable outcomes of digital health interventions. Few explored the experiences and views of South Asian community members residing in the West as a minority ethnic group, for example, British South Asians.

Conclusions
Literature mapping proposes that South Asian people frequently struggle with a health care system that may limit their access to digital health services, and sometimes fails to consider social and cultural needs. There is growing evidence that digital health interventions have the potential to facilitate supported self-management, which is part of the plans to adopt person-centered care. These interventions are particularly important for overcoming some of the challenges, for example, time constraints, safety, and gender sensitivity, associated with the delivery of health care interventions in minority ethnic groups such as South Asians in the United Kingdom, and thus to improve minority ethnic groups’ access to health care services to support individual health needs, and consequently enhance health status.
Development and Assessment of Assisted Diagnosis Models Using Machine Learning for Identifying Elderly Patients With Malnutrition: Cohort Study
Authors: Wang Xue , Yang Fengchun , Zhu Mingwei , Cui Hongyuan , Wei Junmin , Li Jiao , Chen Wei 
Published: March 2023

Background
Older patients are at an increased risk of malnutrition due to many factors related to poor clinical outcomes.

Objective
This study aims to develop an assisted diagnosis model using machine learning (ML) for identifying older patients with malnutrition and providing the focus of individualized treatment.

Methods
We reanalyzed a multicenter, observational cohort study including 2660 older patients. Baseline malnutrition was defined using the global leadership initiative on malnutrition (GLIM) criteria, and the study population was randomly divided into a derivation group (2128/2660, 80%) and a validation group (532/2660, 20%). We applied 5 ML algorithms and further explored the relationship between features and the risk of malnutrition by using the Shapley additive explanations visualization method.

Results
The proposed ML models were capable to identify older patients with malnutrition. In the external validation cohort, the top 3 models by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were light gradient boosting machine (92.1%), extreme gradient boosting (91.9%), and the random forest model (91.5%). Additionally, the analysis of the importance of features revealed that BMI, weight loss, and calf circumference were the strongest predictors to affect GLIM. A BMI of below 21 kg/m2 was associated with a higher risk of GLIM in older people.

Conclusions
We developed ML models for assisting diagnosis of malnutrition based on the GLIM criteria. The cutoff values of laboratory tests generated by Shapley additive explanations could provide references for the identification of malnutrition.

Trial Registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR-EPC-14005253; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=9542