bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fabrication of polyester fabrics with tungsten bronze nanorods and a silane coupling agent for improved thermal storage and washing durability
Authors: Woo Ye-eun , Oh Kyung Wha 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe thermal storage and washing durability of polyester fabrics treated with tungsten bronze nanorods(TBNRs) were analyzed to determine the optimal concentration for the photothermal effect in this study. TBNRs with an average length of 34.0 ± 2.5 nm and a diameter of 2.3 ± 0.4 nm were synthesized by the thermal decomposition of Ammonium metatungstate hydrate(AMT) in oleylamine (OA) to generate TBNRs that are capable of emitting heat by efficiently absorbing light in the near-infrared region. The effect of TBNR concentration and the silane coupling agent on the photothermal effect and washing durability of the PET fabric were evaluated with a solar simulator. As a result, as the concentration of TBNRs increased, the photothermal effect increased, and the maximum photothermal effect was shown at 5 wt%. In addition, washing durability were further improved by adding 0.5 wt% silane counpling agent. Overall, the post-processing treatment effectively increased the photothermal effect without a significant change in the physical properties and color of the polyester.
Intravitreal sirolimus with adjunct aflibercept versus aflibercept monotherapy for persistent, exudative age-related macular degeneration: a pilot study
Authors: Rowe Lucas W. , Minturn Robert J. , Burgett Lauren A. , Bracha Peter , Maturi Raj K. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To determine the safety and efficacy of intravitreal sirolimus and adjunct aflibercept in subjects with persistent, exudative age-related macular degeneration despite previous intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment.

Methods
This institutional review board approved, registered (NCT02732899), prospective, subject-masked, single center, randomized controlled trial in subjects with persistent, exudative age-related macular degeneration compared alternating monthly intravitreal sirolimus and aflibercept (combination) versus aflibercept monotherapy (control) every 2 months over the course of 36 weeks. The primary measure of efficacy in the study was the mean change in central subfield thickness.

Results
20 subjects were enrolled in the study, with 10 subjects assigned to each treatment group. Subjects had an average of 38 previous anti-VEGF injections. Mean central subfield thickness decreased in the combination group by 54.0 μm compared to 0.1 μm in the control group (p = 0.28). Mean visual acuity improved in the combination group by 2.5 ETDRS letters versus 0.8 ETDRS letters in the control group (p = 0.42). There were no serious ocular adverse events in either group; however, there were three serious systemic events in the combination group, including hospitalizations due to pancreatitis, pneumonia, and worsening hypertension.

Conclusion
There was no statistically significant difference in the mean central subfield thickness change between the combination and control groups. However, intravitreal sirolimus with adjunct aflibercept did appear to have potential anatomical benefits as a treatment for persistent, exudative age-related macular degeneration and requires further investigation with a larger cohort to better understand the potential risks and benefits.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02732899. Registered 11 March 2016, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02732899. This trial was approved by the institutional review board at Advarra. Funding was provided by an investigator-initiated grant from Santen. Santen played no role in the design or implementation of this study.
Sustainable metal-free leather manufacture via synergistic effects of triazine derivative and vegetable tannins
Authors: Xiao Yuanhang , Zhou Jiajing , Wang Chunhua , Zhang Jinwei , Radnaeva Vera D. , Lin Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRestrictions on heavy metals, especially chromium, have encouraged alternative tanning systems that can reduce environmental and human health risks from conventional chrome-based tanning. In this work, metal-free combination tanning was developed by using vegetable tannins and a triazine-based syntan containing active chlorine groups (SACC). Specifically, the relationship between leather performance (e.g., hydrothermal stability and organoleptic properties) and technical protocols (e.g., types and dose of tannins) was systematically established. The optimized protocol involving a unique procedure (i.e., 10% SACC pre-tanning, shaving, and 25% wattle tanning) endowed the leather with high shrinkage temperature (~ 92 °C) and met the Chinese standards for shoe upper leather (QB/T 1873-2010). Our method not only produces zero chrome-containing solid wastes, but also uses ~ 75% less tannin for leather manufacture. The excellent leather performance was ascribed to the synergistic effects, where SACC and wattle diffused into collagen fibrils and may bind to collagen via covalent, hydrogen and ionic bonding, locking the hierarchical structure of collagen from microfibrils to fiber bundles. Moreover, we summarized these findings and proposed a diffusion-binding-locking mechanism, providing new insights for current tanning theory. Together with the biodegradable spent tanning liquor, this approach will underpin the development of sustainable leather manufacture.
Graphical Abstract
Pleotropic effects of statins: the dilemma of wider utilization of statin
Authors: Choudhary Ambika , Rawat Ujjawal , Kumar Piyush , Mittal Piyush 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Apart from reducing the circulating LDL-c and the number of cardiovascular cases as well as fatalities, statins have auxiliary non–lipid-related or cholesterol independent effects, the pleiotropic effects. The aim of the present review is to understand the pleotropic effects of statins.

Main body
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is presently the major cause of patient misery as well as mortality among non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the world. Despite the fact that statins are the most extensively affirmed, prescribed and evidence-based lipid-lowering medicine worldwide that curtail low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) levels and the number of cardiovascular cases as well as deaths, statins also elicit auxiliary non–lipid-related or cholesterol independent effects, the pleiotropic effects. Improved endothelial function, significantly lowered oxidative stress, atherosclerotic plaque stabilization, immunomodulatory, cessation of vascular smooth muscle proliferation, effects on bone metabolism, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic effects, and reduced risk of dementia are among these pleotropic effects. Statins have also been explored for its uses in life threatening diseases like cancer and inflammatory bowel disease. They have been demonstrated to revamp vascular tone. Many research and review articles have been thoroughly studied for this systematic review.

Conclusions
Statins have not only shown to be benefitial in lowering the levels of LDL-C but have also been established to be advantageous in the treatment of cancer, neurological conditions like dementia, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease. Future high-quality trials are needed to include statins in the treatment of these conditions as per guidelines.
HRAS Mutations Define a Distinct Subgroup in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Authors: Coleman Niamh , Marcelo Kathrina L. , Hopkins Julia F. , Khan Nusrat Israr , Du Robyn , Hong Lingzhi , Park Edward , Balsara Binaifer , Leoni Mollie , Pickering Curtis , Myers Jeffrey , Heymach John , Albacker Lee A. , Hong David , Gillison Maura , Le Xiuning 
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), HRAS mutation is a new actionable oncogene driver. We aimed to evaluate HRAS mutational variants, comutation profile, and survival outcomes of this molecularly defined population. METHODS We leveraged four deidentified patient data sets with HRAS-mutant HNSCC, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Kura Oncology, Inc trial, Foundation Medicine, and American Association for Cancer Research GENIE v.12. Patient demographic information and clinical courses were extracted, when available, in addition to HRAS mutation type and co-occurring mutations. Survival outcomes were analyzed (Kaplan-Meier method). RESULTS Two hundred forty-nine patients with HRAS-mutant HNSCC were identified from the four data sets. Median age ranged from 55 to 65 years, with a higher frequency in male patients (64%); the majority of HRAS-mutant HNSCC occurred in human papillomavirus–negative HNSCC. HRAS mutation patterns were similar across data sets; G12S was the most common (29%). Treatment responses to tipifarnib were not codon-specific. Compared with wild-type, significantly co-occurring mutations with HRAS were Casp8 (Fisher's exact test, P < .00013), TERT ( P < .0085), and NOTCH1 ( P < .00013). Analysis of clinical courses from the MD Anderson Cancer Center and Kura Oncology, Inc data sets demonstrated poor clinical outcomes with a high rate of recurrence following primary definitive treatment (50%-67% relapse < 6 months) and short disease-free survival (4.0 months; 95% CI, 1.0 to 36.0) and overall survival (OS; 15.0 months; 95% CI, 6.0 to 52.0). Use of tipifarnib in this data set demonstrated improved OS (25.5 months; 95% CI, 18.0 to 48.0). CONCLUSION Oncogenic mutations in HRAS occur in 3%-4% of HNSCC, with G12S being the most frequent. Without targeted therapy, patients with HRAS-mutant HNSCC had poor clinic outcomes; observable trend toward improvement in OS has been noted in cohorts receiving treatments such as tipifarnib. The comutation pattern of HRAS-mutant in HNSCC is distinct, which may provide insight to future therapeutic combination strategies.
String/Cdc25 phosphatase is a suppressor of Tau-associated neurodegeneration
Authors: Oliveira Andreia C. , Santos Madalena , Pinho Mafalda , Lopes Carla S. 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Tau pathology is defined by the intracellular accumulation of abnormally phosphorylated Tau (MAPT) and is prevalent in several neurodegenerative disorders. The identification of modulators of Tau abnormal phosphorylation and aggregation is key to understanding disease progression and developing targeted therapeutic approaches. In this study, we identified String (Stg)/Cdc25 phosphatase as a suppressor of abnormal Tau phosphorylation and associated toxicity. Using a Drosophila model of tauopathy, we showed that Tau dephosphorylation by Stg/Cdc25 correlates with reduced Tau oligomerization, brain vacuolization and locomotor deficits in flies. Moreover, using a disease mimetic model, we provided evidence that Stg/Cdc25 reduces Tau phosphorylation levels independently of Tau aggregation status and delays neurodegeneration progression in the fly. These findings uncover a role for Stg/Cdc25 phosphatases as regulators of Tau biology that extends beyond their well-characterized function as cell-cycle regulators during cell proliferation, and indicate Stg/Cdc25-based approaches as promising entry points to target abnormal Tau phosphorylation.
Implementing a community specialist team to support the delivery of integrated diabetes care: experiences in Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Riordan Fiona , O'Mahony Lauren , Sheehan Cormac , Murphy Katie , O'Donnell Maire , Hurley Lorna , Dinneen Sean , McHugh Sheena M. 
Published: January 2023

Background: While models of integrated care for people with chronic conditions have demonstrated promising results, there are still knowledge gaps about how these models are implemented in different contexts and which strategies may best support implementation. We aimed to evaluate the implementation of a multidisciplinary diabetes Community Specialist Team (CST) to support delivery of integrated type 2 diabetes care during COVID-19 in two health networks. Methods: A mixed methods approach was used. Quantitative data included administrative data on CST activity and caseload, and questionnaires with GPs, practice nurses (PN) and people with type 2 diabetes. Qualitative data were collected using semi-structured interviews and focus groups about the service from CST members, GPs, PNs and people with type 2 diabetes. We used the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research framework to explain what influences implementation and to integrate different stakeholder perspectives. Results: Over a 6-month period (Dec 2020-May 2021), 516 patients were seen by podiatrists, 435 by dieticians, and 545 by CNS. Of patients who had their first CST appointment within the previous 6 months (n=29), 69% (n=20) waited less than 4 weeks to see the HCP. During initial implementation, CST members used virtual meetings to build ‘rapport’ with general practice staff, supporting ‘upskilling’ and referrals to the CST. Leadership from the local project team and change manager provided guidance on how to work as a team and ‘iron out’ issues. Where available, shared space enhanced networking between CST members and facilitated joint appointments. Lack of administrative support for the CST impacted on clinical time. Conclusions: This study illustrates how the CST benefited from shared space, enhanced networking, and leadership. When developing strategies to support implementation of integrated care, the need for administrative support, the practicalities of co-location to facilitate joint appointments, and relative advantages of different delivery models should be considered.
Demographic and socioeconomic predictors of religious/spiritual beliefs and behaviours in a prospective cohort study (ALSPAC) in Southwest England: Results from the parental generation
Authors: Major-Smith Daniel , Morgan Jimmy , Halstead Isaac , Tohidinik Hamid Reza , Iles-Caven Yasmin , Golding Jean , Northstone Kate 
Published: January 2023

Background: We explored associations between possible demographic and socioeconomic causes of religious/spiritual beliefs and behaviours (RSBB) in the parental generation of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Methods: We used a prospective birth cohort study (ALSPAC) in Southwest England with 14,157 enrolled mothers and 14,154 associated partners. Three RSBB outcome measures collected during pregnancy were examined: religious belief (belief in God/a divine power; yes/not sure/no), religious affiliation (Christian/none/other) and religious attendance (frequency of attendance at a place of worship). Multiple demographic and socioeconomic exposures were assessed (23 in mothers and 22 in partners). We explored age-adjusted associations between each exposure and outcome using multinomial regression, in addition to exposure-age interactions. Results: Many demographic and socioeconomic factors were associated with RSBB, including age, ethnicity, marital status, education, income and deprivation. Overall, higher socioeconomic position was associated with increased levels of RSBB, particularly regarding religious attendance. For instance, compared to mothers with the lowest level of educational attainment, a degree-level education was associated with a six-fold increase in the relative risk ratio of religious attendance at least once a week, relative to not attending at all (RRR=5.90; 95% CI=[4.44; 7.86]). The magnitude of these associations often varied by outcome, e.g., income was associated with religious attendance, but only weakly with religious affiliation. Although results were demographically and socially patterned, overall effect sizes were relatively small, with a largest pseudo-R2 value of 2.4%. Patterns of association were similar for mothers and partners. Conclusion: The observed positive association between socioeconomic position and RSBB is contrary to much previous theoretical and empirical work. Potential reasons for these differences are discussed, including cross-cultural variation in religiosity and state support, and differences between RSBB measures. This descriptive paper can also help inform future studies using these data regarding the consideration of appropriate confounders.
Maximising impactful, locally relevant global mental health research conducted in low and middle income country settings: ethical considerations
Authors: Calia Clara , Chakrabarti Amit , Sarabwe Emmanuel , Chiumento Anna 
Published: January 2023

Background:Achieving ethical and meaningful mental health research in diverse global settings requires approaches to research design, conduct, and dissemination that prioritise a contextualised approach to impact and local relevance.Method:Through three case studies presented at the 2021 Global Forum on Bioethics in Research meeting on the ethical issues arising in research with people with mental health conditions, we consider the nuances to achieving ethical and meaningful mental health research in three diverse settings. The case studies include research with refugees Rwanda and Uganda; a neurodevelopmental cohort study in a low resource setting in India, and research with Syrian refugees displaced across the Middle East.Results:Key considerations highlighted across the case studies include how mental health is understood and experienced in diverse contexts to ensure respectful engagement with communities, and to inform the selection of contextually-appropriate and feasible research methods and tools to achieve meaningful data collection. Related to this is a need to consider how communities understand and engage with research to avoid therapeutic misconception, exacerbating stigma, or creating undue inducement for research participation, whilst also ensuring meaningful benefit for research participation. Central to achieving these is the meaningful integration of the views and perspectives of local stakeholders to inform research design, conduct, and legacy. The case studies foreground the potential tensions between meeting local community needs through the implementation of an intervention, and attaining standards of scientific rigor in research design and methods; and between adherence to procedural ethical requirements such as ethical review and documenting informed consent, and ethical practice through attention to the needs of the local research team.Conclusions:We conclude that engagement with how to achieve local relevance and social, practice, and academic impact offer productive ways for researchers to promote ethical research that prioritises values of solidarity, inclusion, and mutual respect.
Looking into Crystal Balls: A Laboratory Experiment on Reputational Cheap Talk
Authors: Meloso Debrah , Nunnari Salvatore , Ottaviani Marco 
Published: January 2023

We experimentally study information transmission by experts motivated by their reputation for being well-informed. In our game of reputational cheap talk, a reporter privately observes information about a state of the world and sends a message to an evaluator; the evaluator uses the message and the realized state of the world to assess the reporter’s informativeness. We manipulate the key driver of misreporting incentives: the uncertainty about the phenomenon to forecast. We highlight three findings. First, misreporting information is pervasive even when truthful information transmission can be an equilibrium strategy. Second, consistent with the theory, reporters are more likely to transmit information truthfully when there is more uncertainty on the state. Third, evaluators have difficulty learning reporters’ strategies and, contrary to the theory, assessments react more strongly to message accuracy when reporters are more likely to misreport. In a simpler environment with computerized evaluators, reporters learn to best reply to evaluators’ behavior and, when the state is highly uncertain and evaluators are credulous, to transmit information truthfully. This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, behavioral economics and decision analysis. Funding: Financial support from the H2020 European Research Council [Grant 295835 (EVALIDEA)] is gratefully acknowledged. Supplemental Material: The online appendix and data are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2022.4629 .
Patient satisfaction with a virtual multidisciplinary team balance clinic: a pilot study
Authors: Chew Dylan , Stavrakas Marios , Mowforth Louise , Ray Jaydip 
Published: January 2023

Background/Aims The COVID-19 pandemic led to many services being conducted remotely, including ear, nose and throat services. Although much in-person activity has now resumed, some services are still being provided remotely. This pilot study explored patients' satisfaction with the virtual multidisciplinary team balance clinics established at the authors' practice, looking at the feasibility of continuing this model of service delivery in the future. Methods Self-administered questionnaires were posted to the 56 patients who had received a virtual consultation with the service between March and September 2020, of which 22 were returned. The questionnaire presented respondents with 14 items, with which they rated their agreement on a 6-point Likert scale. Correlations between the final item (which measured overall satisfaction) and the other items were analysed using Spearman's rho. Results Overall, respondents were satisfied with the virtual consultations. Respondents either agreed or strongly agreed with 13 of the 14 items; the only exception was ‘I obtained better access to healthcare services by use of telemedicine’. Most respondents were happy with the quality of communication and valued the time saved on travel, although one pointed out that this may not be an appropriate mode of service delivery for patients who are deaf. Conclusions Virtual clinics can be an acceptable adjunct to traditional clinical consultations in an ear, nose and throat outpatient department for balance disorders and should be continued in future.
Comparative assessment of current robotic-assisted systems in primary total knee arthroplasty
Authors: Walgrave Simon , Oussedik Sam 
Published: January 2023

Robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has proven higher accuracy, fewer alignment outliers, and improved short-term clinical outcomes when compared to conventional TKA. However, evidence of cost-effectiveness and individual superiority of one system over another is the subject of further research. Despite its growing adoption rate, published results are still limited and comparative studies are scarce. This review compares characteristics and performance of five currently available systems, focusing on the information and feedback each system provides to the surgeon, what the systems allow the surgeon to modify during the operation, and how each system then aids execution of the surgical plan. Cite this article: Bone Jt Open 2023;4(1):13–18.
Tri-band terahertz vortex beam generator based on a completely independent geometric phase metasurface
Authors: Liu Jiaqi , Cheng Yongzhi , Chen Fu , Luo Hui , Li Xiangcheng 
Published: January 2023

A vortex beam carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) is an effective way to increase wireless communication capacity. The existing terahertz (THz) metasurface (MS)-based vortex beam generator is limited to operating at a single or two frequency points, and also has wavelength-dependent behavior, thus limiting its application. Here, a transmissive MS is proposed to generate THz vortex beams carrying OAM with different topological charges

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) under left/right-handed circular polarization (CP) incidence at three different frequencies. The mode purity of the generated vortex beam with topological charges of all orders is greater than 60% under CP wave incidence at 0.6 THz, 0.857 THz, and 1.892 THz, respectively. Both theoretical prediction and simulation results verify that the designed MS can independently manipulate CP waves at three different THz frequencies. The proposed unit-cell structure is preferable for increasing the number of operation frequencies while guaranteeing the manipulation of electromagnetic waves. The compact system of unit-cell structure provides ideas for the fabrication of multifunctional THz MS-based devices with higher integration and smaller size.