bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An improved method of parameter and tolerance concurrent design considering the mass loss
Authors: Wu Jianjun , Zhou Min , Zhang Shilei 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Quality and cost are the core problems in the manufacturing industry. Given the problems of many tests and high manufacturing costs caused by parameter design before tolerance design in the traditional Taguchi product optimization design, based on the idea of robust design and concurrent design, this paper establishes an improved method of parameter and tolerance concurrent design considering quality loss, which effectively saves the manufacturing cost while ensuring the product quality. Firstly, the central composite bounded experimental design (CCI) is carried out, and then the response surface model is established from the data; Then the total cost model composed of the quality loss model and tolerance cost model is established. Finally, the improved genetic algorithm (NSGA - II) is used to find the optimal parameter combination and tolerance at the same time. Through the example analysis of a compliant precision positioning platform, the results show that the parameter combination and tolerance obtained by concurrent design considering the parameters and tolerance of mass loss not only improve the robustness of products but also reduce the manufacturing cost.
Topology Transformation Analysis on Serial Flexible Variable Topology Mechanism
Authors: Geng Ruihai , Huang Jiazhao , Liu Peng , Bian Yushu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The flexible variable topology mechanism (FVTM) has become a research focus in the field of the mechanism because of its reconfigurable characteristics, which exhibit excellent adaptability in complicated working environments. In the process of topology transformation, the FVTM often generates impact, which leads to vibration and instability of the flexible elements. It seriously affects the accuracy and reliability of the operation. In view of this, this paper takes the serial-FVTM as an example to analyse its impact characteristics during topology transformation. The impact dynamics model is established by the theorem of impulse. Based on this, the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method is used to solve the dynamics differential equations. Using the control variable method, the influence of different parameters on the impact characteristics of the FVTM is obtained through numerical simulation analysis. Finally, the methods to improve the stability of the FVTM during topology transformation are analysed to expand new ideas for the subsequent research.
Intelligent control chamber for plasma-enhanced combustion
Authors: Ding Shibin , Wang Qingzhi , Hua Weizhuo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
At present, there are some problems with aero-engine, such as insufficient high-altitude point/flameout boundary, smoke in large conditions, and easy flameout in slow trains with poor oil, which seriously threaten flight safety. Aiming at the problem of insufficient high altitude stable combustion range, an intelligent control combustor of plasma-enhanced combustion is proposed in this paper. The sliding arc exciter is perfectly combined with the combustor head and the pre-burning sliding arc jet igniter is used as the technical basis of the enhanced combustion. Based on the working environment and service state of the engine, a set of the control system is designed for active control. The influence of the installation of the exciter on the combustion flow field is explored, and the feasibility of the exciter for widening the point flameout boundary and improving the combustion efficiency is verified. A set of the control scheme is proposed. The research shows that: the exciter can realize the integration of ignition and combustion support in the combustion chamber. After the exciter is started, the ignition boundary is widened by about 17.6% on average, and the flameout boundary is widened by about 45.3% on average. The combustion efficiency can be increased by 9.28%, which indicates the feasibility of the combustion chamber.
Dipo: a miniaturized hopping robot via lightweight and compact actuator design for power amplification
Authors: Kim Chan , Lee Dong-Jun , Jung Sun-Pill , Jung Gwang-Pil 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Kangaroo rats are well known as representative hoppers in small-scale animals. Especially kangaroo rats show rapid movement when a predator approaches. If this amazing motion can be applied to small-scale robots, they will be able to traverse lands at high speed while overcoming size limitations. To take advantage of hopping locomotion, in this paper, we present a lightweight and small-scale clutch-based hopping robot called Dipo. To make this possible, a compact power amplifying actuation system has been developed using a power spring and an active clutch. The power spring is possible to take out and use the accumulated energy little by little whenever the robot starts to hop. Moreover, the power spring needs low torque to charge the elastic energy, and a only tiny space is required to install. The active clutch controls the motion of hopping legs by adjusting the timing of energy release and storage. Thanks to these design strategies, the robot weighs 45.07 g, has the height of 5 cm in the stance phase, and achieves the maximum hopping height of 54.9 cm.
Density functional studies of antimony complexes derived from carboxamide ligands
Authors: Çatıkkaş Berna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The anti-leishmanial activity of antimony (III) complexes [1a-3a] bearing carboxamide ligands has been reported in the literature. In this study, a complete assignment of the vibrational spectra of these complexes was performed using the Scaled Quantum Mechanics Force Field (SQMFF) methodology in the solid phase at the DFT/ B3LYP/ LanL2DZ level. Quantum chemical descriptors (FMO, hardness, softness, etc) of these complexes were calculated to investigate the relationship between the calculated descriptors and their anti-leishmanial activities. As the softness of the complexes increased, the anti-leishmanial activity also increased. No correlation was found between the vibrational frequencies of the complexes and anti-leishmania activity.
Synthesis of Alq3 by a facile co-precipitation approach and study the impact of CNTs support on its microstructure and electronic characteristics for photodiode development
Authors: Siddiq Miad Ali 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The global demand for renewable energy as an alternative to traditional fossil fuels has motivated the scientific community to develop highly efficient nanocomposite materials that can be used for enhancement to optoelectronic technology. In the present work, organometallics Alq3 and Alq3/CNTs were prepared by cost-effective chemical route. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were performed to identify the structural and morphological features. The hybrid Alq3/CNTs exhibited polycrystalline structure with a large surface area. The optical band gap

(

E

g

)

of Alq3 film was evaluated within the visible spectrum in the range of 3.047 eV which reduced to 2.979 eV by CNTs integration. Ag/Alq3/p-Si/Al and Ag/Alq3/CNTs/p-Si/Al photodiodes were fabricated using thermal evaporating technique. Current-voltage

(
I
−
V
)

and capacitance/conductance-voltage

(
C
/
G
−
V
)

were measured to analyze the photodiode behavior. The main electronic parameters like

R

s

,

n
,

ϕ

b

and

I

o

were determined using different models indicating that the composite photodiode of high performance in which

R

s

was decreased whereas

N

a

was increased with doping. Besides, the photocurrent sensitivity was increased from

1.45
×

10

−
8

A

to

1.1
×

10

−
5

A

due to increase of free charge carriers.
Robust propagation of a steady optical beam through turbulence with extended depth of focus based on spatial light modulator
Authors: Yang Yiqian , Kang Xingwang , Cao Liangcai 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Finding appropriate strategies to increase the robustness through turbulence with extended depth of focus (DOF) is a common requirement in developing high-resolution imaging through air or water media. However, conventional lenses with a specially designed structure require high manufacturing costs and are limited by a lack of dynamic modulation characteristics. Spatial light modulators (SLMs) are unique flat-panel optical devices which can overcome the distance limitation of beam propagation for the dynamic modulation property. In this work, we address the dynamic generation of a steady optical beam (STOB) based on the mechanism of transverse wave vector elimination. STOBs generated by the SLM have significant advantages over Gaussian beams for the characteristics of peak intensity, robust propagation, extended-DOF beam profile, and dynamic wavefront modulation over a long distance under strong turbulent media. Our versatile, extensible, and flexible method has promising application scenarios for the realization of turbulence-resistant circumstances.
ChatGPT Is Equivalent to First-Year Plastic Surgery Residents: Evaluation of ChatGPT on the Plastic Surgery In-Service Examination
Authors: Humar Pooja , Asaad Malke , Bengur Fuat Baris , Nguyen Vu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence language model developed and released by OpenAI (San Francisco, CA) in late 2022.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of ChatGPT on the Plastic Surgery In-Service Examination and to compare it to residents’ performance nationally.

Methods
The Plastic Surgery In-Service Examinations from 2018 to 2022 were used as a question source. For each question, the stem and all multiple-choice options were imported into ChatGPT. The 2022 examination was used to compare the performance of ChatGPT to plastic surgery residents nationally.

Results
In total, 1129 questions were included in the final analysis and ChatGPT answered 630 (55.8%) of these correctly. ChatGPT scored the highest on the 2021 exam (60.1%) and on the comprehensive section (58.7%). There were no significant differences regarding questions answered correctly among exam years or among the different exam sections. ChatGPT answered 57% of questions correctly on the 2022 exam. When compared to the performance of plastic surgery residents in 2022, ChatGPT would rank in the 49th percentile for first-year integrated plastic surgery residents, 13th percentile for second-year residents, 5th percentile for third- and fourth-year residents, and 0th percentile for fifth- and sixth-year residents.

Conclusions
ChatGPT performs at the level of a first-year resident on the Plastic Surgery In-Service Examination. However, it performed poorly when compared with residents in more advanced years of training. Although ChatGPT has many undeniable benefits and potential uses in the field of healthcare and medical education, it will require additional research to assess its efficacy.
Speech- and language-linked FOXP2 mutation targets protein motors in striatal neurons
Authors: Kuo Hsiao-Ying , Chen Shih-Yun , Huang Rui-Chi , Takahashi Hiroshi , Lee Yen-Hui , Pang Hao-Yu , Wu Cheng-Hsi , Graybiel Ann M , Liu Fu-Chin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Human speech and language are among the most complex motor and cognitive abilities. The discovery of a mutation in the transcription factor FOXP2 in KE family members with speech disturbances has been a landmark example of the genetic control of vocal communication in humans. Cellular mechanisms underlying this control have remained unclear. By leveraging FOXP2 mutation/deletion mouse models, we found that the KE family FOXP2R553H mutation directly disables intracellular dynein-dynactin ‘protein motors’ in the striatum by induction of a disruptive high level of dynactin1 that impairs TrkB endosome trafficking, microtubule dynamics, dendritic outgrowth and electrophysiological activity in striatal neurons alongside vocalization deficits. Dynactin1 knockdown in mice carrying FOXP2R553H mutations rescued these cellular abnormalities and improved vocalization. We suggest that FOXP2 controls vocal circuit formation by regulating protein motor homeostasis in striatal neurons, and that its disruption could contribute to the pathophysiology of FOXP2 mutation/deletion-associated speech disorders.
Targeting macrophage autophagy for inflammation resolution and tissue repair in inflammatory bowel disease
Authors: Wang Er-jin , Wu Ming-Yue , Ren Zheng-yu , Zheng Ying , Ye Richard D , TAN Chris Soon Heng , Wang Yitao , Lu Jia-Hong 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic, non-specific, recurrent inflammatory disease, majorly affecting the gastrointestinal tract. Due to its unclear pathogenesis, the current therapeutic strategy for IBD is focused on symptoms alleviation. Autophagy is a lysosome-mediated catabolic process for maintaining cellular homeostasis. Genome-wide association studies and subsequent functional studies have highlighted the critical role of autophagy in IBD via a number of mechanisms, including modulating macrophage function. Macrophages are the gatekeepers of intestinal immune homeostasis, especially involved in regulating inflammation remission and tissue repair. Interestingly, many autophagic proteins and IBD-related genes have been revealed to regulate macrophage function, suggesting that macrophage autophagy is a potentially important process implicated in IBD regulation. Here, we have summarized current understanding of macrophage autophagy function in pathogen and apoptotic cell clearance, inflammation remission and tissue repair regulation in IBD, and discuss how this knowledge can be used as a strategy for IBD treatment.
Multi-level stakeholders' perspectives on implementation and scaling up community-based health promotion in Germany
Authors: Birkholz Leonie , Weber Philipp , Helsper Natalie , Kohler Simone , Dippon Lea , Rütten Alfred , Pfeifer Klaus , Semrau Jana 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Community-based health promotion has the potential to address existing health inequities, although such approaches are scarcely scaled up. For a successful scale up, various stakeholders at different levels and sectors need to be involved. The article’s aims are to assess what kind of external support communities need for implementation and to identify facilitators and barriers for scaling up community-based health promotion. Two national digital workshops were conducted in Germany with stakeholders at the community level (n = 161) and with stakeholders at the federal and state levels (n = 84). Protocols were compiled and coded using qualitative content analysis. During the first workshop, we revealed 11 themes for external support needs (‘Strategic approach’, ‘Define & compare indicators’, ‘Internal human resource’, ‘Tools & Aids’, ‘External conduction of the assessment’, ‘Involvement of people in difficult life situations’, ‘Overview of actors’, ‘Moderation’, ‘Obtain funding’, ‘Quality assurance/evaluation’ and ‘External support’). Eleven facilitators and barriers were identified for scaling up (‘Assessment and evaluation’, ‘Intersectoral collaboration and partnerships’, ‘Communication’, ‘Characteristics of the program’, ‘Political and legal conditions’, ‘Political support’, ‘Local coordinator’, ‘Resources’, ‘Participation’, ‘Strategic planning/methods’ and ‘Intermediary organization’). The identified results provide practice-based evidence on support needed for scaling up, facilitators that promote scaling up and barriers that might hinder scaling up community-based health promotion in Germany. In a next step, this practice-based evidence needs to be systematically integrated with scientific-based evidence on key components for scaling up such approaches for the development of an effective scaling-up concept.
SAS and R code for probabilistic quantitative bias analysis for misclassified binary variables and binary unmeasured confounders
Authors: Fox Matthew P , MacLehose Richard F , Lash Timothy L 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Systematic error from selection bias, uncontrolled confounding, and misclassification is ubiquitous in epidemiologic research but is rarely quantified using quantitative bias analysis (QBA). This gap may in part be due to the lack of readily modifiable software to implement these methods. Our objective is to provide computing code that can be tailored to an analyst’s dataset. We briefly describe the methods for implementing QBA for misclassification and uncontrolled confounding and present the reader with example code for how such bias analyses, using both summary-level data and individual record-level data, can be implemented in both SAS and R. Our examples show how adjustment for uncontrolled confounding and misclassification can be implemented. Resulting bias-adjusted point estimates can then be compared to conventional results to see the impact of this bias in terms of its direction and magnitude. Further, we show how 95% simulation intervals can be generated that can be compared to conventional 95% confidence intervals to see the impact of the bias on uncertainty. Having easy to implement code that users can apply to their own datasets will hopefully help spur more frequent use of these methods and prevent poor inferences drawn from studies that do not quantify the impact of systematic error on their results.
Technological Sovereignty as Ability, Not Autarky
Authors: March Christoph , Schieferdecker Ina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Aspirations toward technological sovereignty increasingly pervade the political debate. Yet, an ambiguous definition leaves the exact goal of those aspirations and the policies to fulfil them unclear. This opens the door for vested interests who benefit from misinterpreting the goal, e.g., as a strive for autarky, nationalism, and the rollback of globalization. To close this gap, we show how certain key technologies challenge state sovereignty as conventionally understood. By interpreting technological sovereignty in this light, we develop a competence-based definition, which puts innovation policy at the core of fulfilling sovereignty aspirations. Moreover, we establish the important role of international cooperation and trade to enhance technological sovereignty understood as ability. Hence, autarky would be detrimental rather than helpful to technological sovereignty. Two case studies illustrate how innovation policy helps to achieve technological sovereignty.
38 Effects of Dietary Supplementation with an Immuno-Modulator on Feed Intake and Reproductive Performance in Sows
Authors: Niblett Richard T , Williams Kimberly A , Cross Marguerite B , Clapp Alexis L , Estienne Mark J 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
OmniGen-AF (Phibro Animal Health, Teaneck, NJ; OG), an immuno-modulator consisting of a blend of vitamins, minerals, and microbial ingredients, has been employed in the dairy industry to mitigate the effects of heat stress and metabolic and immune system challenges on milk production. We previously reported that OG, fed to sows before and during lactation, decreased lactation BW loss, and increased litter birth and weaning weights (Lee et al., J. Anim. Sci. 99[Suppl. 3]:410-411, 2021). The objective of this study was to further these findings, by evaluating the effects of OG on feed intake and reproductive performance of crossbred sows. Berkshire x Duroc and Yorkshire x Landrace sows (n = 44; mean BW and parity, 276 kg and 4.6, respectively) from 10 farrowing groups and paired by parity and BW, were randomly assigned within pairs to one of two treatments: a fortified corn and soybean-meal based control diet (CON), or control diet top-dressed with 30 g of OG∙animal-1∙day-1. Sows consumed appropriate diets for approximately 35 d before expected farrowing date, throughout lactation, and the weaning to estrus interval. Sows were fed 2.7 kg∙animal-1∙day-1 during gestation, on an ad libitum basis during lactation, and 2.3 kg∙animal-1∙day-1 post-weaning. Total pigs born (12.3), pigs born alive (10.5), and pigs weaned (8.9) did not differ (P &gt; 0.32) between treatments. Average birth weights, however, for both total pigs born (1.65 vs. 0.49 kg, SE = 0.11, P &lt; 0.04) and pigs born alive (1.73 vs. 0.55 kg, SE = 0.11, P &lt; 0.01) were greater for OG vs. CON sows. Pig BW at weaning were similar (P = 0.51) for OG (6.58 ± 0.25) and CON (6.34 ± 0.25). The ADFI during lactation tended to be greater (P = 0.09) for OG vs. CON sows (5.81 vs. 5.08 kg, SE = 0.29); however, total BW loss did not differ (P = 0.14) between treatments (10.0 and 5.2 kg, SE = 2.4 for OG and CON, respectively). The wean to estrus interval (5.1 d) was similar (P = 0.77) between groups. Under the conditions of this study, OG enhanced pig birth weights and sow feed consumption during lactation. The mechanisms responsible for these effects warrant further scrutiny.
103 Impact of Fescue Variety on Fecal Egg Counts in Mature Beef Cattle
Authors: Williams Katherine , Rajo Edwin Benjamin , Weaver Andrew R , Poole Daniel H , Pickworth Carrie L 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Fescue toxicosis decreases beef cattle performance in a multitude of ways, including decreased health and immunity. Cattle challenged by fescue toxicosis are often grazing in an environment favorable for development of gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN). Interactions of fescue toxicosis and parasite challenge may result in further performance and economic losses. Many beef producers treat animals regularly for GIN parasites with little insight on necessity or effectiveness of anthelmintic products. Overuse of anthelmintics can result in development of anthelmintic resistance in GIN populations. To minimize the development of anthelmintic resistance, implementation of selective deworming practices should be considered. However, level of parasite burden and effects of fescue toxicosis on parasite burden need to be better understood in beef cattle herds before recommendations can be offered. Therefore, the objective was to investigate the impact of fescue toxicosis on GIN parasite infection rates through fecal egg counts (FEC), body weight (BW), hematocrit (HCT), and body condition score (BCS). Starting in April, for 14 consecutive weeks post-weaning, pregnant Angus-based cows (2 to 4 years old, n = 65) were rotationally grazed on either novel endophyte (EN) fescue or endophyte-infected (EI) fescue pastures. Hematocrit, BCS, and BW were assessed weekly, while FEC were measured bi-weekly to monitor the physiological changes as a result of consuming endophyte-infected tall fescue. All data were analyzed using Proc MIXED in SAS with repeated measures. Statistical significance was declared at P ≤ 0.05 and a trend at 0.10 &gt; P &gt; 0.05. Overall, FEC were low (4.2 ± 0.9 eggs/gm) in these mature cattle and grazing EI or EN fescue did not have any overall effect (P &gt; 0.05) on the FEC. However, FEC decreased (P &lt; 0.05) over the course of the study from week 1 to week 13. Body weight, HCT, and BCS were not affected (P &gt; 0.05) by the type of fescue grazed. There was a tendency (P &lt; 0.10) for 2-3 and 4-6 year old cattle to have lower BW when grazing EI compared with EN fescue while cattle &gt;7 were not affected. Cattle gained BW (P &lt; 0.05) over the 14-week study (471.4 and 527.7 ± 0.6 kg, 0 and4 week respectively). For cattle grazing EI fescue, HCT linearly decreased (P &lt; 0.05) from week 1 to week 14 whereas cattle grazing EN fescue had a linear increase (P &lt; 0.05) in HCT from week 1 to week 14. More research is warranted to investigate beef cattle FEC and the potential impact of fescue type on FEC in younger beef cattle.