bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Individual hematotoxicity prediction of further chemotherapy cycles by dynamic mathematical models in patients with gastrointestinal tumors
Authors: Topf Vivien , Kheifetz Yuri , Daum Severin , Ballhausen Alexej , Schwarzer Andreas , Trung Kien VU , Stocker Gertraud , Aigner Achim , Lordick Florian , Scholz Markus , Knödler Maren 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
Hematotoxicity is a common side-effect of cytotoxic gastrointestinal (GI) cancer therapies. An unsolved problem is to predict the individual risk in order to decide on treatment adaptions. We applied an established biomathematical prediction model and primarily evaluated its predictive value in patients undergoing chemotherapy for GI cancers in curative intent.
Methods
In a prospective, observational multicenter study on patients with gastro-esophageal or pancreatic cancer (n = 28) receiving myelosuppressive adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (FLO(T) or FOLFIRINOX), individual model parameters were learned based on patients’ observed laboratory values during the first chemotherapy cycle and further external data resources. Grades of hematotoxicity of subsequent cycles were predicted by model simulation and compared with observed data.
Results
The most common high-grade hematological toxicity was neutropenia (19/28 patients (68%)). For the FLO(T) regimen, individual grades of thrombocytopenia and leukopenia could be well predicted for cycles 2–4, as well as grades of neutropenia for cycle 2. Prediction accuracy for neutropenia in the third and fourth cycle differed by one toxicity grade on average. For the FOLFIRINOX-regimen, thrombocytopenia predictions showed a maximum deviation of one toxicity grade up to the end of therapy (8 cycles). Deviations of predictions were less than one degree on average up to cycle 4 for neutropenia, and up to cycle 6 for leukopenia.
Conclusion
The biomathematical model showed excellent short-term and decent long-term prediction performance for all relevant hematological side effects associated with FLO(T)/FOLFIRINOX. Clinical utility of this precision medicine approach needs to be further investigated in a larger cohort.
Disentangling the impact of cerebrospinal fluid formation and neuronal activity on solute clearance from the brain
Authors: Segeroth Martin , Wachsmuth Lydia , Gagel Mathias , Albers Franziska , Hess Andreas , Faber Cornelius 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background
Despite recent attention, pathways and mechanisms of fluid transposition in the brain are still a matter of intense discussion and driving forces underlying waste clearance in the brain remain elusive. Consensus exists that net solute transport is a prerequisite for efficient clearance. The individual impact of neuronal activity and liquor production, which both vary with brain state and anesthesia, remain unclear.
Methods
To separate conditions with high and low neuronal activity and high and low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) formation, different anesthetic regimens in naive rat were established, using Isoflurane (ISO), Medetomidine (MED), acetazolamide or combinations thereof. With dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, after application of low molecular weight contrast agent (CA) Gadobutrol to cisterna magna, tracer distribution was monitored as surrogate for solute clearance. Simultaneous fiber-based Ca2+-recordings informed about the state of neuronal activity under different anesthetic regimen. T2-weighted MRI and diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) provided size of subarachnoidal space and aqueductal flow as surrogates for CSF formation. Finally, a pathway and mechanism-independent two-compartment model was introduced to provide a measure of efficiency for solute clearance from the brain.
Results
Anatomical imaging, DWI and Ca2+-recordings confirmed that conditions with distinct levels of neuronal activity and CSF formation were achieved. A sleep-resembling condition, with reduced neuronal activity and enhanced CSF formation was achieved using ISO + MED and an awake-like condition with high neuronal activity using MED alone. CA distribution in the brain correlated with the rate of CSF production. The cortical brain state had major influence on tracer diffusion. Under conditions with low neuronal activity, extracellular space was enlarged and solutes permeated deeper into brain parenchyma. Under conditions with high neuronal activity, solutes mostly remained in paravascular spaces and were cleared from the brain fast. Exclusively based on the measured time signal curves, the two-compartment model provided net exchange ratios, which were significantly larger for the sleep-resembling condition than for the awake-like condition.
Conclusions
Efficiency of solute clearance in brain is crucially dependent on both neuronal activity and CSF formation. Our clearance pathway and mechanism agnostic kinetic model informs about net solute transport, solely based on the measured time signal curves. This rather simplifying approach largely accords with preclinical and clinical findings.
Effect of Trisomy 21 on Long-term Gastrointestinal Outcomes in Duodenal Atresia
Authors: Zrinyi Anna , Min Suyin A. Lum , Bello Emmanuel A. , Singh Charanpal , Keijzer Richard 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Purpose
We aimed to determine if Trisomy 21 (T21) affected gastrointestinal outcomes for children with duodenal atresia (DA).
Methods
We identified children born with DA between 1991-2017. Cases were divided into DA with T21 and DA without T21. Ten healthy controls per case were included.
Esophageal, ulcerative, obstructive and stomach complaints were assessed. Risk ratios (RR), rate ratios (RaR) and Cox models were constructed. Analyses were performed for cases versus controls, and for T21 cases versus non-T21 cases.
Results
DA cases totaled 52: 22 had T21 and 30 did not. There were 520 controls. DA cases had more gastrointestinal complaints than controls. T21 cases were at greater risk and frequency of esophageal disease than non-T21 cases (RR=4.08, p=0.002, RaR=69.8, p<0.001). T21 and non-T21 cases were equally likely to present with obstruction (RR=0.91, p=1), but T21 cases complained of obstructive symptoms less (RaR=0.57, p=0.003). T21 and non-T21 cases had the same risk of stomach diseases, but T21 cases complained more frequently (RaR=6.20, p<0.001). Cox models supported these observations. T21 did not affect ulcerative diseases.
Conclusion
DA cases had more gastrointestinal problems than controls. T21 increased esophageal and gastric complaints in DA cases but did not affect ulcerative and obstructive complaints.
The effect of COVID-19 on nuclear medicine: A global survey
Authors: Al-Saeedi Fatma , Rajendran Peramaiyan , Tipre Dnyanesh , Aladwani Hassan , Alenezi Salem , Alkhamis Abdullah , Redha Abdulmohsen , Mohammad Ahmed , Ahmad Fahad , Abdulnabi Yaaqoup , Alfadhly Altaf , Alresheedy Danah 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: Globally, COVID-19 affected radiopharmaceutical laboratories. This study sought to determine the economic, service, and research impacts of COVID-19 on radiopharmacy. Methods: This online survey was conducted with the participation of employees from nuclear medicine and radiopharmaceutical companies. Results: The socioeconomic status of the individuals was collected. The study was participated by 145 medical professionals from 25 different countries. From this work, it is evident that 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose ([¹⁸F]FDG), and Tc-99m macro aggregated albumin (99mTc-MAA) were necessary radiopharmaceuticals 57% and 34% respectively for determining how COVID infections affect a patient's body. The normal scheduling procedure for the radiopharmacy laboratory was reduced by more than half (65%). In COVID-19, 70% of respondents followed the regulations established by the local departments. Throughout the pandemic, there was a 97% decrease in all staffing recruitment efforts. Conclusions: The field of nuclear medicine research as well as the radiopharmaceutical industry were both adversely affected by COVID-19.
The Enforcement Dilemma of the Global Minimum Tax *
Authors: Hindriks Jean , NISHIMURA Yukihiro 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

To tackle profit shifting, the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework proposes a Global Minimum Tax which requires that, if a multinational enterprise (MNE) declares its operations in a jurisdiction taxing less than the global minimum tax, the headquarter country would have the right to tax the difference. The general presumption is that (uncon-strained) high-tax countries will gain and low-tax countries will lose because the constrained taxes will reduce their inward profit shifting. The purpose of this paper is to show, by means of a formal model of international tax competition with heterogeneous countries, that the consequences of the global minimum tax can be just the opposite. The key feature of our analysis is that the minimum tax will change the dynamics of tax competition together with the tax enforcement incentives. We show that in this broader framework, the low-tax country always gains and that there exists a critical threshold for the minimum tax beyond which international enforcement cooperation will break down making the high-tax country worse off with minimum tax. The minimum tax threshold is decreasing in the extent of the tax asymmetry. We call this new effect the enforcement dilemma.
JEL Classification: C72, F23, F68, H25, H87.
Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised control trials on mindfulness training and mindful eating for emotional eating in adults
Authors: Sze Katherine YP 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Introduction

This research investigates the role mindfulness and mindful eating programs play concerning emotional eating in adults. As disordered eating studies have extensively focused on younger-aged/student populations, the pervasiveness of emotional eating patterns in other age groups is comparatively under-examined. Hence, this study seeks to answer the research question of whether mindfulness or mindful eating is associated with a reduction in emotional eating.

Method

This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised control trial. The researcher performed searches on MEDLINE (OVID), Embase (OVID), PsycINFO (OVID), Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar to identify studies evaluating mindfulness and mindful eating training as a predictor of reduction in emotional eating. This study assessed the effectiveness of mindfulness interventions or mindful eating in reducing emotional eating behaviour. Search terms focused on mindfulness training and its effect on emotional eating. Standardized mean differences and 95% confidence interval were retrieved and analysed by pooled estimates according to Cochrane Handbook.

Result

From 326 identified records, the result included a total of 9 articles. The standardised mean difference estimate was -0.29 (95% CI: -0.43 to -0.15) for reducing emotional eating behaviour after mindful eating or mindfulness training. There was no substantial heterogeneity for the aggregated estimates. Hence, mindfulness training and mindful eating effectively decrease emotional eating in populations engaging in this behaviour among adults.

Conclusion

The reduction in emotional eating behaviour among adults indicates the necessity of health promotion programs to increase mindfulness and mindful eating in this age group. Health professionals should implement behavioural modification programs to reduce emotional eating behaviours before the onset of advanced non-communicable diseases, particularly in those at high risk for poorer mental health.
A Review of the Predictive Modeling of Employee Attrition and its Extension for Talent Management in View of HR Disruption
Authors: Banerjee Pramit 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

This is a review paper of the different predictive models which have been developed for determining employee attrition and it also provides a strategic guideline that the human resource management team can consider implementing in the wake of digital disruption. In the first half of the paper, the introduction to predictive models of attrition has been discussed about the methodology used to refer to the different journal databases and years of publication along with the key variables that have been used. In the discussion section, the gaps have been identified as to why the existing models fail to establish the exact reasons and ascertain the level of attrition properly especially as we see in the case of the massive resignations that are taking place in the workplace through a set of questions which identify the specific areas, yet to be considered in the models. Finally, based on the review, the hybrid conceptual framework has been developed to provide a direction in the future as to how organizations can consider breaking down their structure and in turn capture their emotions and data and finally apply it to determine the reasons and levels of employee attrition.
Assessment of Research Ethics Knowledge of Pediatricians in Azerbaijan
Authors: Salayev Kamran , Aslanova Ulviyya , Guliyeva Narmin , Geraybeyli Geray , Munir Kerim 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Background: To assess knowledge of pediatric research ethics in an Azerbaijan child healthcare community.
Methods: We translated the Test of Residents’ Ethics Knowledge for Pediatrics (TREK-P) in Azeri and administered it to four groups: (i) third-year medical students (n=21), (ii) pediatrics residents (n=24), (iii) experienced pediatricians (n=21), and (iv) fellows (n=9) of a Fogarty International Center National Institute of Health (Fogarty/NIH) R25 research ethics education program in Baku, Azerbaijan. The difference in the TREK-P score between the groups was evaluated. Within a joined group of pediatricians and fellows, we evaluated correlation between the TREK-P score and other factors.
Results: A previously funded Fogarty International Center/National Institute of Health (Fogarty/NIH) research education fellows scored significantly higher than the other groups (p = .006). There was no significant difference between the other three groups. Within a joined group of pediatricians and fellows, previous training on ethics was the only factor that correlated with the higher TREK-P scores (p < .05).
Conclusions: The higher scores on TREK-P in fellows support effectiveness of postgraduate Fogarty/NIH training programs in ethics. The low scores of the practicing pediatricians without previous ethics training as compared to students and residents reflect the lack of postgraduate education on ethical principles.
Development and validation of an integrated software framework for hybrid simulation
Authors: Tekeste Gidewon Goitom , Correia António A. , Costa Aníbal G. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Hybrid simulation combines numerical and experimental techniques to simulate the response of structures. In the last two decades, notable developments have been made to make hybrid testing platforms modular and versatile. The OpenSees-OpenFresco software framework for hybrid simulation is a typical example which can interface with various control software and hardware. This paper presents the development of a robust integrated hybrid testing software framework at the National Laboratory for Civil Engineering, Portugal, which uses the National Instruments real-time and FPGA hardware. The software framework has a LabVIEW-based control and interface application for conducting hybrid tests using OpenFresco middleware. The OpenSees finite element software is also integrated into the framework and communicates with the middleware via a TCP/IP protocol. The software framework is designed to conduct slow to real-time hybrid tests assisted by a predictor-corrector algorithm which enables continuous movement of an actuator. It is also equipped with error tracking and delay compensation algorithms. New simulation tools can be simply added to it due to its modular and flexible nature. The capabilities of the software framework are first examined through simulated hybrid tests. It is then validated by conducting hybrid test of a two-bay one-story steel moment-resisting frame by physically testing one of its exterior columns.
A Rare Cancer in an Elderly Man with Cervical Radiculopathy: A case report
Authors: Sham Sunder 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Chordomas are low-grade, locally invasive, frequently recurring, malignant bone tumor with poor prognosis. Cervical chordoma in adults is rare and often missed when patients present with cervical radiculopathy. They can mimic other malignant tumors and, hence require histologic distinction for prognostic risk stratification and optimal treatment. We present a 61-year-old male with chronic neck pain and sensory neuropathy in bilateral upper limbs. The patient underwent cervical discectomy and fusion which revealed a cystic mass arising from the right neural foramina at C5-C6 level. Histopathological examination of the mass was consistent with chordoma. Elderly patients with cervical radiculopathy should be evaluated for neoplasia including chordoma and differentiated from other etiologies. Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce morbidity and mortality from chordoma.
Inserção do psicólogo do esporte nas categorias de base de times de futebol
Authors: Ramos Gomes Gabriela , Villela dos Santos Fábio , Jordão Laport Tamires 
Published: December 2022

Resumo
A psicologia do esporte possui um campo de atuação recente, sua função é intervir no praticante desportivo, visando o equilíbrio mental, físico e melhor qualidade no desempenho e rendimento. Dito isso, o presente estudo se propõe a analisar através de uma revisão de literatura o papel do psicólogo nas categorias de base. Por definição, a categoria de base é descrita como uma subdivisão pertencente a um grupo esportivo, com atletas de faixa etária de 11 a 20 anos. De acordo com os artigos encontrados, foi possível identificar a importância da psicologia do esporte na vida dos atletas, não apenas nos treinos e jogos, mas em todo o seu âmbito social, como em suas emoções e na relação entre família e esporte, favorecendo o bem-estar do atleta e o desempenho da equipe. A Terapia Cognitivo-Comportamental foi apontada como uma abordagem comumente usada pelos profissionais. No entanto, ressalta-se a lacuna na literatura nacional em relação à produção acadêmica sobre esse assunto na área da Psicologia. Também se destaca a produção em outras disciplinas, principalmente nos estudos da Educação Física e na língua inglesa, o que indica o caráter interdisciplinar do problema e seu interesse de estudos em outros países. Os dados reforçam a carência de estudos sobre o tema e a importância de aprofundamento nessa temática.
Uso Prejudicial de Drogas Na Adolescência: Escola e Família no Desafio da Prevenção.
Authors: De Lima Carlos Alberto , Lasneau Larissa Primo Pereira 
Published: December 2022

Resumo
O consumo abusivo de drogas na adolescência tem sido uma questão complexa para a sociedade, sendo a escola um local estratégico para a prevenção. No entanto, ainda há muitas incertezas sobre o que pode ser feito em relação às ações preventivas aplicadas pelos educadores. Sabe-se que a adolescência é um período de muitas transformações decorrentes da transição entre a infância e a vida adulta. Dito isso, o presente estudo se propõe a analisar através de uma revisão de literatura a importância do papel da escola como dispositivo de prevenção ao uso abusivo de drogas entre adolescentes, trazendo reflexões sobre possibilidades de ações mais efetivas. A busca por uma identidade que o defina e a identificação com os pares são comuns entre os jovens que, em muitos casos, afastam-se dos familiares na procura por outros modelos de identificação. Através do levantamento bibliográfico justifica-se os números alarmantes que indicam o crescente uso de drogas entre jovens, fazendo com que políticas públicas de prevenção sejam cada vez mais urgentes e necessárias de forma permanente nas escolas entre essa população.
Palavras-chave: Prevenção, Escola, Família, Drogas.

Abstract
Abusive drug use in adolescence has been a complex issue for society, and the school is a strategic place for prevention. However, there are still many uncertainties about what can be done in relation to preventive actions applied by educators. It is known that adolescence is a period of many changes resulting from the transition between childhood and adulthood. That said, the present study proposes to analyze through a literature review the importance of the school's role as a device to prevent drug abuse among adolescents, bringing reflections on possibilities for more effective actions. The search for an identity that defines them and identification with peers are common among young people who, in many cases, distance themselves from family members in the search for other identification models. Through the bibliographic survey, the alarming numbers that indicate the growing use of drugs among young people are justified, making public prevention policies increasingly urgent and necessary in a permanent way in schools among this population.
Keywords: Prevention, School, Family, Drugs.
Os Centros de Atenção Psicossocial no tratamento de usuários de álcool e outras drogas
Authors: Silva Maria Isabel Félix da , Araújo Queiroz Maria Eulália de , Lopes Isadora Varela , Pachú Clésia Oliveira 
Published: December 2022

INTRODUÇÃO:O uso de substâncias psicoativas é um fenômeno em evidência desde os primórdios da humanidade, estando sempre em crescimento. O uso continuado pode desencadear no sujeito um quadro de dependência, levando-o a necessitar de cuidados especializados. Na atualidade, conta-se com os Centros de Atenção Psicossocial (CAPS) para assistência psicossocial. OBJETIVO: Analisar os Centros de atenção psicossocial no tocante ao tratamento de usuários de álcool e outras drogas. METODOLOGIA: Trata-se de uma revisão narrativa da literatura, executada mediante busca em bancos de dados científicos como o Periódicos Capes, PePSIC e Google Acadêmico. Foram selecionados 17 artigos para integrar a revisão. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: A avaliação dos artigos demonstram que os CAPS são serviços essenciais para usuários de drogas e seus responsáveis, pois dispõem de intervenções em saúde mental que viabilizam um atendimento humanizado aos usuários. Os profissionais, em especial o psicólogo, inseridos na rede de saúde realizam intervenções visando a prevenção de agravos e promoção da saúde em nível individual e coletivo, com uma conduta ética frente às especificidades de cada usuário. A família é o principal instrumento que viabiliza a recuperação do adicto, mas também demanda cuidados específicos, devido à sobrecarga emocional fomentada pelos cuidados dispensados ao membro adicto. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Faz-se necessário novos estudos que desvelem os fatores desencadeadores da iniciação e adesão ao uso de drogas visando melhorias nas intervenções dos profissionais do Sistema Único de Saúde, no tocante ao usuário, à família e à comunidade.
PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Centro de atenção psicossocial; Toxicomania; Programa de saúde mental.