bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Lesson Study-based Microteaching Design in Early Reading Instructional for Prospective Elementary School Teachers
Authors: Rini Titis Angga , Cahyanto Bagus , Nurdianasari Nindya 
Published: January 2025

This study aimed to develop a lesson study-based micro-teaching design for prospective elementary school teachers in early reading instruction. This study utilized an instructional development method from Dick and Carey, comprising seven stages of research procedure. Data were collected through questionnaires, field notes, and documentation, and analyzed using descriptive quantitative and qualitative methods. In this study, a product successfully developed a lesson study-based micro-teaching design presented in video tutorials for teaching early reading in elementary school. The result shows that development of this micro- teaching design was successfully implemented and served as a guide for early reading instruction in the Indonesian Language Learning in elementary school course. Micro-teaching was developed as tutorial stages for early reading instruction, based on a process approach encompassing pre-reading phase, reading phase, and post-reading phase, combined with a lesson study approach for collaborative and reflective teaching practices.
The Creative Thinking Skills Profile of Primary Education’s Perspective Teacher
Authors: Muslihasari Adzimatnur , Susilo Herawati , Ibrohim Ibrohim 
Published: January 2025

This study aims to analyze the creative thinking skills of primary education’s prospective teachers in science learning. This study uses a descriptive survey to obtain quantitative data without special treatment. The population is students of PGSD Universitas Islam Raden Rahmat for the 2022/2023 academic year who program science courses (125 students). The sample was selected by random sampling technique, which was 84 students. Creative thinking skills are measured by an essay test totaling 8 questions that refer to indicators of fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration. The data was analyzed descriptively by calculating the percentage of each indicator to be further adjusted to the level of creative thinking indicator. The results show that students' creative thinking skills is still low in all indicators and included in the non-creative level. Creative thinking skills on the 'fluency' indicator received ‘enough’, while 'flexibility', 'originality', and 'elaboration' were still at the 'low' and 'very low'.
Protective effects of resveratrol on the expression of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase genes in the ovary and their activity in the serum of rats exposed to lead acetate: An experimental study
Authors: Karimian Mohammad , Ghadiri Mozhdeh , Poormoosavi Seyedeh Mahsa , Najafzadehvarzi Hossein 
Published: January 2025

Background: Lead (Pb) could be toxic to the female reproductive system, and resveratrol (Res) may overcome this toxicity.
Objective: To investigate the Res impact on the catalase (Cat), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), and superoxide dismutase (Sod) gene expression in the ovary and on the Cat and Gpx enzyme activity in the serum of rats exposed to lead acetate.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 33 female Wistar rats (8–10 wk, 180–200 gr) were divided into 6 groups: a control group (normal saline), a Res group (40 mg/kg), and a Pb group (lead acetate 30 mg/kg). 3 additional groups received lead acetate (30 mg/kg) with Res at 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg for 21 days. Gene expression of Cat, Gpx, and Sod was measured via qPCR, and serum Cat and Gpx activity was assessed using standard methods. Bioinformatics tools were used to evaluate Res effects on gene and protein function.
Results: Lead acetate significantly downregulates Cat, Gpx, and Sod gene expression, but Res significantly upregulates gene expression, especially at doses of 40 mg/kg for Cat, 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg for Gpx, and 80 mg/kg for Sod. Cat and Gpx enzyme activity increased and decreased in the lead acetate group, respectively. However, Res in all doses decreased only the Cat enzyme activity. Bioinformatics analysis indicates that Res can interact with the promoter regions and cavities of all 3 enzymes.
Conclusion: Pb can dysregulate the expression and activity of the studied enzymes. However, the impact of Res is influenced by the dose, with 40 mg/kg frequently being the most effective.
DETERMINATION OF POVERTY LEVELS IN ACEH PROVINCE
Authors: Uswah Uswatun Hasanah , Safrina Lia 
Published: January 2025

This research was conducted to analyze the effect of the Open Unemployment Rate, Inflation Rate, HDI Level and ZIS Realization on the Poverty Level in Aceh Province. The data secondary from data Aceh Central Statistics Agency (BPS) in the form of data on the Percentage of Poor Population as the dependent variable, data from 18 districts and 5 cities in Aceh Province represented by data on the Open Unemployment Rate, Inflation Rate, HDI Rate and data on the realization of Zakat, Infaq and Sadaqah (ZIS) from Baitul Mal Aceh in 2007-2021. The data analysis technique used to test the hypothesis in this study is multiple linear regression analysis. The results of this study indicate that; Partially the unemployment variable has no significant effect on the poverty rate in Aceh Province, this can be seen from the sig value which is 0.107 > 0.05. The inflation that has no significant effect on the poverty, this can be seen from sig value wich is 0.309>0.05. The human development index variable that also has no significant effect on the poverty, its a sig value of 0.162 > 0.05. The ZIS realization variable that has significant effect on the poverty this can be seen from the sig value which is 0.000 < 0.05.. Based on the description above, it can be concluded that open unemployment, the inflation rate and the HDI level have no effect on poverty and the only the realization of zakat has an effect on the poverty level in Aceh province.
DETERMINATION OF INCREASING SMES'S INTENTION TO USE SHARIA BANKING SERVICES: SME’S PERSPECTIVE IN MALANG
Authors: Tara Andaresta  , Nihayatu Aslamatis Solekah  
Published: January 2025

The research aims to determine the influence of Shariah financial literacy, Islamic branding, and religiousness on the interests of SMEs in the use of Shariah banking services. Knowledge of Shariah finance, the application of Islamic branding, and the understanding of religiousness can influence the interest of Small Enterprise perpetrators in the Big Market of Malang City in banking services. Good financial literacy of the Shariah, an Islamic understanding of branding, and a high level of religiosity are expected to make SMEs a qualified perpetrator. This research uses a descriptive quantitative approach that uses primary and secondary data. The sample used in this study was 165 respondents of Small Enterprises offenders in the Big Market of Malang City—data obtained from questionnaires distributed offline to respondents who have qualified. The data obtained was then processed with the help of statistical software, which is SPSS version 24. The analysis used in this study is the measurement of validity and realisticity, the fulfilment of classical assumptions, the analysis of double linear regression, and the test of hypotheses. The results of this study are based on a regression test, i.e., partially, the variable of Shariah financial literacy has a significant influence on the interest in using Sharia banking services, vriable Islamic branding partially has a positive and significant influence on variable dependency, i.e., interest in using Shariah banking services, and eligiosity variables have a partially positive and significant influence on the dependent variables, i.e., interest in using Sharia banking services. The conclusion of this study is that partially the variables of financial literacy Shariah, Islamic branding, and religiousness have a positive and significant influence on the dependent variable i.e. interest in using Sharia banking services.
Model-based iterative reconstruction with adaptive regularization for artifact reduction in electron tomography
Authors: Venkatakrishnan Singanallur , Rahman Obaidullah , Amichi Lynda , Mena Jose Arregui , Yu Haoran , Cullen David , Ziabari Amirkoushyar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Obtaining high-quality 3D reconstructions from electron tomography of crystalline particles embedded in lighter support elements is crucial for various material systems such as catalysts for fuel cell applications. However, significant challenges arise due to the limited tilt range, sparse and low signal-to-noise ratio of the measurements. In addition, small metal particles can cause strong streaking and shading artifacts in the 3D reconstructions when using conventional reconstruction algorithms due to the presence of Bragg diffraction and the large scattering cross-section difference between the materials of the particles and the background support regions. These artifacts lead to errors in the downstream characterization affecting extraction of critical features such as the size of the metal particles, their distribution and the volume of the lighter support regions. In this paper, we present a two-stage algorithm based on metal artifact reduction, utilizing model-based iterative reconstruction methods with adaptive adjustment of regularization parameters. Our approach yields high-quality 3D reconstructions compared to traditional algorithms, accurately capturing both the metal particles as well as the background support. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm through simulated and experimental bright-field electron tomography data, showing significant improvements in reconstruction quality compared to traditional methods.
Nitrogen fixation mechanisms and distribution patterns of UCYN-A in the global ocean
Authors: Chakraborty Subhendu , Zehr Jonathan , Prášil Ondřej , Mak Wing , Merico Agostino 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Biological N2 fixation is fundamental for supporting life on our planet1. UCYN-A, previously classified as unicellular cyanobacterium, shows molecular characteristics of an early-stage N2-fixing organelle, or nitroplast2, inside the haptophyte cell Braarudosphaera bigelowii and appears to be one of the most abundant3 and important4,5 N2-fixers in the global ocean. However, the mechanisms underpinning N2 fixation in B. bigelowii/UCYN-A and its geographic distribution remain unclear. Here we use new experimental observations and literature data in combination with a novel cell-based metabolic model to explain the intracellular pathways governing N2 fixation of B. bigelowii/UCYN-A and how these pathways determine its global biogeography. Our model shows that B. bigelowii/UCYN-A can fix N2 at low light and over a broad range of temperatures, explaining the ubiquitous distribution of this organism also in relatively deep waters and at high latitudes. We find high surface N2 fixation rates almost everywhere in the Atlantic and Indian Oceans but not in the Pacific Ocean, where N2 fixation is limited to specific regions. Our results indicate that B. bigelowii/UCYN-A is a key player in the oceanic nitrogen cycle, especially in nutrient-limited regions of the oceans, and shed new light on the role this microorganism may play in marine ecosystems.
Defective States of Structured Light for High-Capacity Information Transmission
Authors: Zhang Zilong , Wang Yuqi , Zhang Lianghaoyue , Yang Hongzhi , Zhao Suyi , Pan Xiangyang , He Wei , Ma Yunfei , Kong Lingyu , Xiao Lin , Zhao Changming 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Structured light brings a breakthrough in information capacity carried by the laser field, finding an ideal utility in optical information transmission. Advancements in optical intensity-based imaging have facilitated the use of structured light for simple information decoding. However, the practicality of available structured-light-based encoding methods is limited by the scarcity of easily distinguishable beam structures. What’s more, currently the structured light is confined to digital bits encoding or channel distinguishing that needs the decoding process, due to a single structured pattern still lacking of effective information. Here, in response to these limitations, we propose a method for extremely high-capacity information encoding, as well as image direct transmission, by modulating the structured light to defective states. Hermite-Gaussian (HG) eigenmode in defect states are designed and generated to achieve a large quantity of easily distinguishable patterns. With well-designed two-dimensional binary hologram gratings to generate different defects in a single HG mode, we achieve over 10n (n > 10) of varying laser states for encoding, corresponding to information capacity being tens of bits. These defect states are recognized by image processing method for quick decoding. What’s more, various image patterns can also be generated and are possible to achieve long-distance transmission with high fidelity. It means that the images can be directly transmitted without Fourier lens imaging, which paves a new way for information transmission. Free propagation and atmospheric turbulence performance of the defective mode are investigated to prove the defective mode has a similar performance to the standard eigenmode and is practical for information transmission.
AI-based histopathological classification of central nervous system tumours
Authors: Gerstung Moritz , Jin Darui , Shmatko Artem , Patel Areeba , Rahmanzade Ramin , Banan Rouzbeh , Friedrich Lukas , Sievers Philipp , Hamelmann Stefan , Schrimpf Daniel , Göbel Kirsten , Bogumil Henri , Maas Sybren , Sill Martin , Hinz Felix , Suwala Abigail , Keller Felix , Habel Antje , Rukhovich Gleb , Rutz Samuel , Alhalabi Obada , Sturm Dominik , Reuss David E , Wesseling Pieter , Woehrer Adelheid , Heppner Frank , Herold-Mende Christel , Krieg Sandro , Wick Wolfgang , Jones David , Pfister Stefan , Al-Hussaini Maysa , Hou Yanghao , Costa Felipe D’almeida , Ille Sebastian , Sehrig Jannik , Piovesan-Lago Pedro , Suchorska Bogdana , Ahmad Olfat , Schweizer Leonille , Bertero Luca , Acker Till , Tauziède-Espariat Arnault , Varlet Pascale , Brandner Sebastian , Bai Xiangzhi , von Deimling Andreas , Sahm Felix 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

DNA methylation analysis has become an essential diagnostic assay for classifying tumours of the central nervous system (CNS). However, this test requires additional resources and time compared to conventional histopathological diagnosis using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained tissue sections, which are available globally.

Here, we propose to reduce time and resource requirements using Hetairos, an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm that predicts 102 methylation-based CNS tumour subtypes from digital images of H&E slides. Hetairos is built and assessed using over 11,000 slides from 10 centres across four continents. Hetairos produces well-calibrated probabilities for each subtype. Across cohorts, Hetairos identifies 50-70% of cases, which it classifies with high confidence and an accuracy of 0.87 for its highest-rated predictions.

Hetairos achieved higher accuracy than four board-certified neuropathologists in a direct comparison using only histology images (0.68 vs 0.28). A prospective evaluation within a routine diagnostic setting confirmed Hetairos’ performance and highlighted its 2-day turnaround time compared to an average of 12 days for molecular testing. Hetairos can assist diagnostic decision-making by limiting the number of likely diagnoses, informing efficient further testing, and by highlighting tissue areas indicative of specific diagnoses. These capabilities suggest Hetairos is a valuable tool assisting in the diagnosis of the full spectrum of paediatric and adult CNS tumours.
Stop Using Disposable Cutlery: What Affects Disposable Cutlery Behavior? : Combination of TPB and NAM
Authors: Zhang Dehua , Wang Peiyu , Lou Sha 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

At present, disposable tableware has been widely used, but its harm to the environment can not be underestimated, so we want to explore a sustainable path. Normative Activation Model (NAM) and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as foundations, this paper studies the factors related to consumers' behavior of reducing disposable tableware use, and uses Structural Equation Model (SEM) to study the recycling behavior of 479 disposable tableware users in Shijiazhuang City. The results show that the awareness of the consequences of using disposable tableware has significant positive effects on attitudes, social norms, personal norms and perceived behavior control; At the same time, this study confirmed that attitude, social norms, personal norms and perceived behavior control were beneficial to behavior intention and significantly affected the behavior intention of using disposable tableware, and the indirect mediating effect of attitude, social norms, personal norms and perceived behavior control among consequence awareness and behavior intention was also verified. In addition, the influence of perceived behavioral control and behavioral intention on the behavior of disposable tableware users was also obtained. Government support as a moderating variable positively moderates the relationship between perceived behavioral control and behavior. The research results not only built a theoretical model of environmental protection behavior of the factors affecting residents' use of disposable tableware, improve the predictive and explanatory power of the overall model, but also assisted competent departments and government organizations in comprehending specific uses of disposable tableware, so as to formulate more feasible policies and measures.
Improved oral bioavailability of paclitaxel through folate-engineered zein nanoparticles: evaluation in intestinal organoid and in vivo models
Authors: Somaida Ahmed , Abdelsalam Ahmed M. , Khedr Shaimaa M. , Mohamed Ahmed M. , Tariq Imran , Almohsen Noor , Ashraf Orchid , Keusgen Michael , Osman Shaaban K. , Al-Sawahli Majid M. , Zhao Dandan , Worzfeld Thomas , Bakowsky Udo 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Oral administration remains the most accessible and patient-friendly route for drug delivery. Paclitaxel, a potent anticancer agent sourced from natural origins, presents a highly lipophilic profile, and demonstrates substantial antineoplastic efficacy across various malignancies. However, its clinical application is limited by intrinsic hurdles, including low solubility, systemic toxicity, and limited bioavailability. In this study, we engineered folate-modified zein nanoparticles for oral delivery purposes. Our hypothesis posited that utilizing PEGylated zein as a biocompatible, stable nanocarrier, combined with folate receptor targeting on intestinal epithelial cells, could improve cellular uptake and translocation of these nanoformulations. Conjugation of folic acid was verified using FT-IR and H1NMR analyses. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) unveiled that the nanoparticles were nearly spherical, with a diameter under 200 nm, and maintained stability under gastrointestinal pH conditions. Furthermore, uptake assessments in multicellular spheroid and intestinal organoid models indicated that folate-conjugated nanoparticles exhibited significantly enhanced accumulation and penetration compared to non-targeted zein nanocarriers. Dir, a near-infrared dye, facilitated the in vivo assessment of nanoparticle biodistribution via oral administration, with folate-modified zein nanoparticles showing extended gastrointestinal retention in rats for up to 24 hours. Pharmacokinetic analysis in vivo demonstrated that targeted nanoparticles increased paclitaxel plasma concentrations in rabbits to over seven times that of the unformulated drug. Collectively, these findings underscore the effectiveness of folate-modified zein nanoparticles in enhancing the oral bioavailability of drugs with poor solubility, underscoring their potential in advanced oral delivery applications.
A Meta-Analysis Study on Scientists' Intentions to Engage in Science Popularization
Authors: Ma Ping , Duan Jiangpan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Scientists are assuming crucial roles in the dissemination of scientific knowledge, with their propensity for public engagement directly impacting societal acceptance of science. Despite a growing body of research on the factors influencing scientists to engage in science communication, a consensus has yet to be reached. By integrating empirical research samples from SSCI-indexed journals to identify key factors affecting the science communication intentions of scientists, the theoretical framing and empirical direction will be provided for scientific dissemination. Based on a systematic review of the literature, including 17 sample articles, this research paper employs Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software to conduct heterogeneity tests, publication bias tests, and effect size tests. The study systematically assessed the impact of nine factors, including self-efficacy, participation attitude, normative beliefs, descriptive beliefs, response efficacy, perceived behavioral control, ethical beliefs, audience perception, and financial support, on scientists’ intention to engage in science popularization. The results indicate that self-efficacy, response efficacy, and ethical beliefs significantly and positively influence scientists’ intention to engage in science popularization, with response efficacy being the most pronounced. Normative beliefs and perceived behavioral control exert a moderating effect to some extent, accounting for heterogeneity among studies. Financial support, while positively associated, has a relatively weak impact. Our study suggests that strengthening scientists’ awareness, innovating in science popularization models, establishing support systems for popularization, and constructing professional development platforms are promising avenues to enhance scientists’ motivation for scientific communication.
First Contact with Cancer: Patients' Perceptions, Fears and Perspectives on the Treatment Process in Turkey
Authors: Oktay Esin , Demirkiran Ozge , Nigdelioglu Busra , Meydan Nezih 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Objective: The number of cancer patients in the society is gradually increasing and cancer also brings psychological problems. Knowing the fears and concerns of the patient group in this difficult process, we should increase their compliance with the treatment process by empathising.
Materials and Methods: The questionnaires were completed face-to-face all of newly diagnosed cancer patients in this study between February 2018-July 2018. Demographic data of the patients were recorded, and questionnaire data were collected about their fears at the time of diagnosis, reactions from the environment, from whom they learnt the diagnosis, whom they trusted the most, and which type of treatment they were afraid of.
Results: Patients who learned their diagnosis coincidentally from other people were felt 12.8% more fear and more disturbance because of the reactions of the people around them than patients who learned from doctors (p= 0.00, p=0.028). Women were more afraid of leaving their families alone, while men were more afraid of death(p<0.05) Women trusted oncologists more than their husbands, while men trusted their wives more(p<0,01).
Conclusion: We have observed that patients' feelings are different according to age and gender when they are diagnosed with cancer, and we think that approaching them knowing these will add positively to the treatment process of patients.