bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Predisposing factors for admission to intensive care units of patients with COVID-19 infection—Results of the German nationwide inpatient sample
Authors: Keller Karsten , Farmakis Ioannis T. , Valerio Luca , Koelmel Sebastian , Wild Johannes , Barco Stefano , Schmidt Frank P. , Espinola-Klein Christine , Konstantinides Stavros , Münzel Thomas , Sagoschen Ingo , Hobohm Lukas 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundIntensive care units (ICU) capacities are one of the most critical determinants in health-care management of the COVID-19 pandemic. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the ICU-admission and case-fatality rate as well as characteristics and outcomes of patient admitted to ICU in order to identify predictors and associated conditions for worsening and case-fatality in this critical ill patient-group.MethodsWe used the German nationwide inpatient sample to analyze all hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis in Germany between January and December 2020. All hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection during the year 2020 were included in the present study and were stratified according ICU-admission.ResultsOverall, 176,137 hospitalizations of patients with COVID-19-infection (52.3% males; 53.6% aged ≥70 years) were reported in Germany during 2020. Among them, 27,053 (15.4%) were treated in ICU. COVID-19-patients treated on ICU were younger [70.0 (interquartile range (IQR) 59.0–79.0) vs. 72.0 (IQR 55.0–82.0) years, P &lt; 0.001], more often males (66.3 vs. 48.8%, P &lt; 0.001), had more frequently cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cardiovascular risk-factors with increased in-hospital case-fatality (38.4 vs. 14.2%, P &lt; 0.001). ICU-admission was independently associated with in-hospital death [OR 5.49 (95% CI 5.30–5.68), P &lt; 0.001]. Male sex [OR 1.96 (95% CI 1.90–2.01), P &lt; 0.001], obesity [OR 2.20 (95% CI 2.10–2.31), P &lt; 0.001], diabetes mellitus [OR 1.48 (95% CI 1.44–1.53), P &lt; 0.001], atrial fibrillation/flutter [OR 1.57 (95% CI 1.51–1.62), P &lt; 0.001], and heart failure [OR 1.72 (95% CI 1.66–1.78), P &lt; 0.001] were independently associated with ICU-admission.ConclusionDuring 2020, 15.4% of the hospitalized COVID-19-patients were treated on ICUs with high case-fatality. Male sex, CVD and cardiovascular risk-factors were independent risk-factors for ICU admission.
Microcytic hypochromic Anemia is a risk factor for postoperative HAEC: A retrospective study
Authors: Huang Yuanyuan , Ren Hongxia 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundHirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is a common and life-threatening complication of Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR), which can occur before and after surgery. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with the development of HAEC.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the medical records of HSCR patients admitted to the Children's Hospital of Shanxi Province, China, between January 2011 and August 2021. Diagnosis of HAEC was made using a scoring system with cutoff values ≥4 and included the patient's history, physical examination, and radiological and laboratory findings. The results are shown as frequency (%). The chi-square test was used to analyze a single factor with a significance level of P &lt; 0.05. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze multiple factors.ResultsA total of 324 patients were included in this study, with 266 males and 58 females. In total, 34.3% (111/324) of patients had HAEC, including 85 males and 26 females; 18.9% (61/324) of patients had preoperative HAEC; and 15.4% (50/324) of patients had postoperative HAEC within one year after surgery. Gender, age at definitive therapy, and feeding methods were not found to be associated with preoperative HAEC in univariate analysis. Respiratory infection was associated with preoperative HAEC (P = 0.00003). No association was found between gender and age at definitive therapy and postoperative HAEC. Postoperative HAEC was associated with microcytic hypochromic anemia (P = 0.00058), preoperative history of HAEC (P = 0.00120), the creation of a preoperative stoma (P = 0.00097), long segment or total colon HSCR (P = 0.00057), and hypoalbuminemia (P = 0.03225). Regression analysis showed that microcytic hypochromic anemia (OR=2.716, 95% CI = 1.418–5.203, P = 0.003), preoperative history of HAEC (OR=2.814, 95% CI = 1.429–5.542, P = 0.003), the creation of a preoperative stoma (OR=2.332, 95% CI = 1.003–5.420, P = 0.049), and long segment or total colon HSCR (OR=2.167, 95% CI = 1.054–4.456, P = 0.035) were associated with postoperative HAEC.ConclusionThis study revealed that the incidence of preoperative HAEC at our hospital was associated with respiratory infections. In addition, microcytic hypochromic anemia, preoperative history of HAEC, the creation of a preoperative stoma, and long segment or total colon HSCR were risk factors of postoperative HAEC. The most important finding of this study was that microcytic hypochromic anemia was a risk factor for postoperative HAEC, which has been rarely reported. Further studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to confirm these findings.
Fracture rates by medication type in attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder
Authors: Sidrak Jason P. , Blaakman Syler R. , Hale Elijah W. 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundADHD is a condition with extensively researched increased risks of psychiatric disorders, traumatic injury, impulsivity, and delayed response times.ObjectivesTo analyze the incidences of fractures in patients with ADHD on various medication regimens.MethodsUsing the TriNetX database, we created seven patient cohorts, all of age under 25, based on medication types commonly used for ADHD. The cohorts we created were: no medication use, exclusive use of a -phenidate class stimulant, exclusive use of an amphetamine class stimulant, nonexclusive use of formations of either stimulant, exclusive use of non-stimulant medications approved for ADHD, nonexclusive use, and no medications. We then examined rates while controlling for age, sex, race, and ethnicity.ResultsThe comparison of ADHD to neurotypical individuals revealed an increased risk for all fracture types. For the controlled analysis, all but one cohort had significant differences in each fracture type compared to the baseline cohort of ADHD patients without any medication use. Patients in the “phenidate” cohort had an insignificant difference in risk of lower limb fractures. Patients in the “any medication,” “-etamine,” “stimulant,” and “not ADHD” groups all had significant decreased risks for all fracture types, with confidence intervals often overlapping between treatment modalities.ConclusionsAs patients experiment with different medication regimens, providers should be aware of the difference in risk of fracture by medication type. Our results highlight the need for continued research to better discern appropriate medication regimens with the goal of improving overall risk reduction and producing better outcomes for individuals with ADHD.
Salmonella Phage CKT1 Effectively Controls the Vertical Transmission of Salmonella Pullorum in Adult Broiler Breeders
Authors: Cui Ketong , Li Peiyong , Huang Jiaqi , Lin Fang , Li Ruibo , Cao Dingguo , Hao Guijuan , Sun Shuhong 
Published: February 2023

Phage therapy is widely being reconsidered as an alternative to antibiotics for the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacterial infections, including salmonellosis caused by Salmonella. As facultative intracellular parasites, Salmonella could spread by vertical transmission and pose a great threat to both human and animal health; however, whether phage treatment might provide an optional strategy for controlling bacterial vertical infection remains unknown. Herein, we explored the effect of phage therapy on controlling the vertical transmission of Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum biovar Pullorum (S. Pullorum), a poultry pathogen that causes economic losses worldwide due to high mortality and morbidity. A Salmonella phage CKT1 with lysis ability against several S. enterica serovars was isolated and showed that it could inhibit the proliferation of S. Pullorum in vitro efficiently. We then evaluated the effect of phage CKT1 on controlling the vertical transmission of S. Pullorum in an adult broiler breeder model. The results demonstrated that phage CKT1 significantly alleviated hepatic injury and decreased bacterial load in the liver, spleen, heart, ovary, and oviduct of hens, implying that phage CKT1 played an active role in the elimination of Salmonella colonization in adult chickens. Additionally, phage CKT1 enabled a reduction in the Salmonella-specific IgG level in the serum of infected chickens. More importantly, the decrease in the S. Pullorum load on eggshells and in liquid whole eggs revealed that phage CKT1 effectively controlled the vertical transmission of S. Pullorum from hens to laid eggs, indicating the potential ability of phages to control bacterial vertical transmission.
A Nanoplex PCR Assay for the Simultaneous Detection of Vancomycin- and Linezolid-Resistant Genes in Enterococcus
Authors: Wada Yusuf , Harun Azian , Yean Chan Yean , Zaidah Abdul Rahman 
Published: February 2023

Background: Enterococci are Gram-positive cocci found in the guts of humans and animals. The goal of this research is to develop a multiplex PCR assay that can detect the Enterococcus genus, four VRE genes, and three LZRE genes simultaneously. Methods: Primers used in this study were specifically designed for the detection of 16S rRNA of Enterococcus genus, vanA—vanB—vanC—vanD for vancomycin, cfr methyltransferase, and optrA, and poxtA, as well as an adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporter for linezolid. A Vibrio cholerae ctxA (internal amplification control) was included. Optimization of primer concentrations and PCR components was also done. This was followed by evaluating the sensitivity and specificity of the optimized multiplex PCR. Results: Final Primer concentrations were optimized as follows: 16S rRNA is 1.0 pmol/μL, vanA is 1.0 pmol/μL, optrA is 1.0 pmol/μL, cfr is 1.0 pmol/μL, poxtA is 0.1 pmol/μL, vanB is 0.08 pmol/μL, ctxA is 0.07 pmol/μL, vanC is 0.8 pmol/μL, and vanD is 0.1 pmol/μL. Further, the optimized concentrations for MgCl2, dNTPs and Taq DNA polymerase were 2.5 mM, 0.16 mM, and 0.75 units respectively, and an annealing temperature of 64.5 °C. Conclusions: The developed multiplex PCR is sensitive and species-specific. The development of a multiplex PCR assay that will take into account all known VRE genes and linezolid mutation is highly recommended.
Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside Contributes to Leaf Color Change by Regulating Two bHLH Transcription Factors in Phoebe bournei
Authors: Wang Li , Wang Qiguang , Fu Ningning , Song Minyan , Han Xiao , Yang Qi , Zhang Yuting , Tong Zaikang , Zhang Junhong 
Published: February 2023

Anthocyanins produce different-colored pigments in plant organs, which provide ornamental value. Thus, this study was conducted to understand the mechanism of anthocyanin synthesis in ornamental plants. Phoebe bournei, a Chinese specialty tree, has high ornamental and economic value due to its rich leaf color and diverse metabolic products. Here, the metabolic data and gene expression of red P. bournei leaves at the three developmental stages were evaluated to elucidate the color-production mechanism in the red-leaved P. bournei species. First, metabolomic analysis identified 34 anthocyanin metabolites showing high levels of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (cya-3-O-glu) in the S1 stage, which may suggest that it is a characteristic metabolite associated with the red coloration of the leaves. Second, transcriptome analysis showed that 94 structural genes were involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis, especially flavanone 3′-hydroxy-lase (PbF3′H), and were significantly correlated with the cya-3-O-glu level. Third, K-means clustering analysis and phylogenetic analyses identified PbbHLH1 and PbbHLH2, which shared the same expression pattern as most structural genes, indicating that these two PbbHLH genes may be regulators of anthocyanin biosynthesis in P. bournei. Finally, overexpression of PbbHLH1 and PbbHLH2 in Nicotiana tabacum leaves triggered anthocyanin accumulation. These findings provide a basis for cultivating P. bournei varieties that have high ornamental value.
Age Stratification and Stroke Severity in the Telestroke Network
Authors: Simmons Cassie A. , Poupore Nicolas , Nathaniel Thomas I. 
Published: February 2023

Background. Age is one of the most important risk factors for stroke, and an estimated 75% of strokes occur in people 65 years old and above. Adults > 75 years of age experience more hospitalizations and higher mortality. In this study, we aimed to investigate how age and various clinical risk factors affect acute ischemic stroke (AIS) severity in two age categories. Methods. This retrospective data analysis study was conducted using data collected from the PRISMA Health Stroke Registry between June 2010 and July 2016. Baseline clinical and demographic data were analyzed for 65–74-year-old patients and those ≥ 75 years of age. This study aimed to investigate risk factors associated with stroke severity in these two age categories of AIS patients treated in telestroke settings. Results. An adjusted multivariate analysis showed that the acute ischemic stroke (AIS) population of 65–74-year-old patients experiencing heart failure (odds ratio (OR) = 4.398, 95% CI = 3.912–494.613, p = 0.002) and elevated high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels (OR = 1.066, 95% CI = 1.009–1.126, p = 0.024) trended towards worsening neurological function, while patients experiencing obesity (OR = 0.177, 95% CI = 0.041–0.760, p = 0.020) exhibited improved neurological functions. For the patients ≥ 75 years of age, direct admission (OR = 0.270, 95% CI = 0.085–0.856, p = 0.026) was associated with improved functions. Conclusions. Heart failure and elevated HDL levels were significantly associated with worsening neurologic functions in patients aged 65–74. Obese patients and individuals ≥ 75 years of age who were directly admitted were most likely to exhibit improving neurological functions.
Taxonomic Positions and Secondary Metabolite-Biosynthetic Gene Clusters of Akazaoxime- and Levantilide-Producers
Authors: Komaki Hisayuki , Tamura Tomohiko , Igarashi Yasuhiro 
Published: February 2023

Micromonospora sp. AKA109 is a producer of akazaoxime and A-76356, whereas Micromonospora sp. AKA38 is that of levantilide C. We aimed to clarify their taxonomic positions and identify biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) of these compounds. In 16S rRNA gene and DNA gyrase subunit B gene (gyrB) sequence analyses, strains AKA109 and AKA38 were the most closely related to Micromonospora humidisoli MMS20-R2-29T and Micromonospora schwarzwaldensis HKI0641T, respectively. Although Micromonospora sp. AKA109 was identified as M. humidisoli by the gyrB sequence similarity and DNA–DNA relatedness based on whole genome sequences, Micromonospora sp. AKA38 was classified to a new genomospecies. M. humidisoli AKA109 harbored six type-I polyketide synthase (PKS), one type-II PKS, one type-III PKS, three non-ribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) and three hybrid PKS/NRPS gene clusters, among which the BGC of akazaoxime and A-76356 was identified. These gene clusters are conserved in M. humidisoli MMS20-R2-29T. Micromonospora sp. AKA38 harbored two type-I PKS, one of which was responsible for levantilide C, one type-II PKS, one type-III PKS, two NRPS and five hybrid PKS/NRPS gene clusters. We predicted products derived from these gene clusters through bioinformatic analyses. Consequently, these two strains are revealed to be promising sources for diverse non-ribosomal peptide and polyketide compounds.
Enhancement of the CRISPR/Cas9-Based Genome Editing System in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) Using the Endogenous U6 Promoter
Authors: Riu Young-Sun , Kim Gwang Hoon , Chung Ki Wha , Kong Sam-Geun 
Published: February 2023

The CRISPR/Cas9 system has been widely applied as a precise gene-editing tool for studying gene functions as well as improving agricultural traits in various crop plants. Here, we optimized a gene-editing system in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) using the endogenous U6 promoter and proved that the PHOT2 gene is a versatile target gene. We isolated the LsU6-10 promoter from 10 U6 snRNA genes identified from the lettuce genome database for comparison with the AtU6-26 promoter that has been used to drive sgRNAs in lettuce. Two CRISPR/Cas9 vectors were constructed using the LsU6-10 and AtU6-26 promoters to drive sgRNA361 to target the PHOT2 gene. The chloroplast avoidance response was defective in lettuces with biallelic mutations in the targeted PHOT2 gene, as in the Arabidopsis phot2 mutant. The PHOT2 gene mutations were stably heritable from the R0 to R2 generations, and the high gene-editing efficiency enabled the selection of transgene-free lines in the R1 generation and the establishment of independent phot2 mutants in the R2 generation. Our results suggest that the LsU6-10 promoter is more effective than the AtU6-26 promoter in driving sgRNA for the CRISPR/Cas9 system in lettuce and that PHOT2 is a useful target gene to verify gene editing efficiency without any detrimental effects on plant growth, which is often a consideration in conventional target genes.
Geriatric Syndromes and Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease
Authors: Liu Christine K. , Miao Shiyuan , Giffuni Jamie , Katzel Leslie I. , Fielding Roger A. , Seliger Stephen L. , Weiner Daniel E. 
Published: February 2023

Key Points

In older adults with CKD, geriatric syndromes are common and are associated with reduced quality of life.Addressing geriatric syndromes could potentially improve quality of life for older adults with CKD.

Background
Geriatric syndromes, which are multifactorial conditions common in older adults, predict health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Although CKD is associated with lower HRQOL, whether geriatric syndromes contribute to HRQOL in CKD is unknown. Our objective was to compare associations of geriatric syndromes and medical conditions with HRQOL in older adults with CKD.

Methods
This was a secondary analysis of a parallel-group randomized controlled clinical trial evaluating a 12-month exercise intervention in persons 55 years or older with CKD stage 3b–4. Participants were assessed for baseline geriatric syndromes (cognitive impairment, poor appetite, dizziness, fatigue, and chronic pain) and medical conditions (diabetes, hypertension, coronary artery disease, cancer, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). Participants' HRQOL was assessed with the Short Form Health Survey-36 (SF-36), EuroQol 5-Dimensions 5-Level, and the EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale. We examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of geriatric syndromes and medical conditions with HRQOL using multiple linear regression.

Results
Among 99 participants, the mean age was 68.0 years, 25% were female, and 62% were Black. Participants had a baseline mean of 2.0 geriatric syndromes and 2.1 medical conditions; 49% had ≥ two geriatric syndromes and ≥ two medical conditions concurrently. Sixty-seven (68%) participants underwent 12-month assessments. In models using geriatric syndromes and medical conditions as concurrent exposures, the number of geriatric syndromes was cross-sectionally associated with SF-36 scores for general health (β=−0.385) and role limitations because of physical health (β=−0.374) and physical functioning (β=−0.300, all P<0.05). The number of medical conditions was only associated with SF-36 score for role limitations because of physical health (β=−0.205).

Conclusions
In older adults with CKD stage 3b–4, geriatric syndromes are common and are associated with lower HRQOL. Addressing geriatric conditions is a potential approach to improve HRQOL for older adults with CKD.

Clinical Trial registry name and registration number:

NCT01462097; Registration Date–October 26, 2011.
Las emociones dentro de la asignatura de Educación Física
Authors: Salinas Eva García 
Published: February 2023

La fundamentación teórica hace una revisión sobre los contenidos relacionados con los jóvenes en el juego, las emociones y expresión emocional, y se ha concebido el juego como una fuente de estímulos. La actuación desarrollada ha sido una actividad de mediación cultural con 50 discentes españoles de 5º curso de Educación Primaria en la que tenían que visualizar a sus compañeros realizando juegos en Educación Física, y responder a preguntas clave que invitaban a la reflexión y a las estrategias de motivación que fomentan la conexión emocional e interacción grupal. Se ha realizado una grabación de dicha actividad que ha posibilitado una rigurosa y exhaustiva observación posterior para conocer las expresiones y microexpresiones faciales de los alumnos y alumnas, y de ese modo, identificar las emociones que han generado a través de cada uno de los juegos presentados. Para analizar las grabaciones se ha realizado un protocolo de entrenamiento previo utilizando el programa Micro Expresions Trainning Tools (Ekman, 2003a).
Using artificial neural networks for pattern recognition of post-surgical infections
Authors: Tomé Fernanda , Michelim Lessandra , Lins Rodrigo Schrage , Bringmann Deise Renata , Corso Leandro Luis 
Published: February 2023

The objective is to use Artificial Intelligence (AI) for identifying which surgical patients have a likelihood ratio of developing an infection. We included in the study all the patients who underwent surgeries with wound class considered clean at a regional public hospital in Brazil. The first step was a retrospective analysis of risk factors and a correlation test for identifying which clinical variables are best related to post-discharge infections. Then, we developed an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for pattern recognition to detect incidence of infections. The ANN can make accurate predictions in 77.3% of the cases in which an infection will occur, and the AUROC of the model is 0.9050. Thus, it is possible to take actions before the patients develop it, improving the quality of life and mental health as well as avoid increasing costs.
PENGARUH MODIFIKASI BOLA PLASTIK TERHADAP PEMBELAJARAN PASSING BAWAH BOLA VOLI PADA SISWA SMK RISMATEK
Authors: Gani Jajang Abdul , Afrinaldi Rolly , Yuda Aria Kusuma , Izzuddin Deden Akbar 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian eksperimen. Yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Modifikasi Bola Plastik Terhadap Pembelajaran Passing Bawah Bola Voli Pada Siswa SMK RISMATEK ., Subjek yang digunakan dalam eksperimen ini adalah siswa kelas XI SMK RISMATEK sebanyak 30 siswa. Desain penelitian yang digunakan yaitu prestest-posstest. Perlakuan yang diberikan yaitu latihan passing bawah menggunakan modifikasi bola plastik. Tes yang digunakan yaitu tes passing bawah. Hasil analisis statistik menunjukkan hasil uji-t antara pre-test dan post-test memiliki t hitung (20,45) > t tabel (2,045) artinya karena H0 berada diluar daerah penerimaan , Maka kesimpulannya terdapat Pengaruh yang signifikan kemampuan passing bawah bola voli Pada Siswa SMK RISMATEK sebelum dan setelah diberi penerapan Proses pembelajaran menggunakan bola plastik