bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Validation of the Modified Radiographic Union Score for Tibia Fractures (mRUST) in Female Murine Femoral Fractures
Authors: Chen Larry , Lamb Nathan , Tucker Aamir , Nazzal Murad , Mostardo Sarah L. , Awosanya Olatundun , Blosser Rachel J. , Liu Ziyue , Kacena Melissa A. 
Published: January 2023

Background: In the U.S, 1.1 million bone fractures require treatment each year. With bone fracture union predicting post-injury quality of life, investigation into therapies improving fracture outcomes is needed. Small animals like mice provide sound models of bone fracture healing. However, current in vivo methodology (μCT) assessing fractures in murine models is costly and may disturb fracture healing. The modified Radiographic Union Score for Tibia Fractures (mRUST) was developed to analyze human fractures efficiently using radiographs. This study hopes to demonstrate that mRUST provides comparable results to current standard measures of fracture healing in female murine models.
Methods: In 135, 12-week-old female C57BL/6 mice, femur fractures were induced by surgical procedure. Lateral radiographs were taken directly after surgery along with lateral and anterior posterior images at 7,10,14,17, 21, 24, 28, 35, and 42 days post-surgery (n=15/group). At each time point, 15 mice were sacrificed, and their bones collected for μCT, histomorphometry, and biomechanical analyses. All radiographs will be randomized and assigned mRUST scores by orthopaedic surgeons blinded to groups. Callus and fracture line characteristics in four cortices of radiographs dictate mRUST scores. The level of correlation between mRUST scores and current measures of fracture healing will be calculated.
Results: To date, all surgeries have been completed and all radiographs and specimens have been prepared for analyses. After analyses, statistical correlations between mRUST scores and μCT, histomorphometry, and biomechanics measures will be determined. We also plan to compare these findings to our previous findings with male mice to see if differences exist in fracture healing based on sex.
Conclusion: Recently, our group validated using mRUST scoring in male murine models. We predict the same for female models. This will bolster the use of radiographs to assess fracture condition in mice, providing a relatively inexpensive tool for fracture therapy assessment.
A Qualitative Study of a New Metric for Estimating the Risk of Early-onset Colorectal Cancer in Male Veterans
Authors: Cheng Michael , Matthias Marianne S. , Imperiale Thomas F. 
Published: January 2023

Background: Identifying patients who benefit from screening prior to ages 45 or 50 through risk-prediction models may improve the uptake and effectiveness of colon cancer (CRC) screening. “Colon Age” is a way to estimate a person’s risk for CRC in Veterans younger than age 50. The purpose of this study is to determine what patients and primary care providers think about the “Colon Age” concept in terms of its comprehensibility, acceptability, and utility for decision-making about CRC screening.
Methods: Veteran patients < 50 years old and primary care providers (PCPs) were recruited from the Roudebush VAMC’s outpatient clinics. Semi-structured, qualitative interviews were conducted one-on-one and included Likert-scale and open-ended questions. The estimate of colon age is based on relating a person’s individual features to the 5-year age group in the U.S. population of men with the closest risk of CRC based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result cancer incidence data.
Results: 19 patients and 8 PCPs were recruited. The majority of patients (68%) had a colon age below that of their biological age, while 2 of 19 (11%) had a higher colon age. PCPs identified the tool’s potential to promote screening uptake, facilitate discussion between patients and PCPs, and adhere to current practices as facilitators. Identified barriers among PCPs and patients included questions about tool accuracy and validation, patient reluctance to receive any form of screening, and limited perceived utility for patients between the ages 45-49.
Conclusions and Potential Impact: Using the concept of colon age to express individual patient risk for early-onset CRC was well-received among almost all veteran patients and physicians interviewed.Colon-age adapted screening tools should be incorporated into theelectronic health record reminders to facilitate decision-making and screening uptake.Colon-age based personalized screening has the potential to improve cancer detection by providing individualized recommendations.
Circadian Rhythm Types in Individuals with Diabetic Macular Edema
Authors: Cory Matthew T. , Patel Janvi S. , Jusufbegovic Denis , Bhatwadekar Ashay 
Published: January 2023

Background and Hypothesis:Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of vision loss in patients with diabetes. Diabeticmacular edema (DME) can be associated with any stage of DR, causing thickening and swelling of the macula, leading to vision impairment. Circadian rhythm, the body’s natural clock thatgoverns physiological processes and dictates our sleep-wake cycle, is known to be affected by DR and DME. This study hypothesizes that DME will be associated with a more extreme circadian rhythm type.
Methods:Individuals 18 years or older with a diagnosis of type I or type II diabetes complicated by DMEwere given a 19-item Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) to determine their circadian rhythm and sleep patterns. Information regarding demographics, metabolic parameters, diabetes, visual acuity and DME severity was collected.
Results:In this ongoing study, we compiled data from 54 individuals out of a targeted enrollment of 160. Overall, the MEQ scores characterized more individuals as morning types, followed by intermediate and evening types. The preliminary analysis shows a weak, insignificant positive correlation with retinal thickness in the right eye and a weak, insignificant negative in the left eye. In addition, a weak, insignificant negative correlation was also observed between MEQ and right eye visual acuity, with the opposite trend occurring in the left eye. DME variables such as mean central foveal thickness decreased insignificantly in right eyes from morning to evening groups but increased in the left eye.
Conclusion and Potential Impact: Our study suggests DME individuals are mostly morning type instead of evening type. However, there is no strong relationship between MEQ scores and DME parameters. As we recruit more individuals in the future, we hope to establish a more significant relationship that could improve our understanding of how circadian rhythms and DME are interconnected and could lead to new treatments.
Longitudinal Study of COVID-19 Impact on Breast Cancer Screening in Northwest Indiana
Authors: Crowe Nicholas , Green Daniel , Han Amy 
Published: January 2023

Background: During the COVID -19 pandemic, elective procedures such as mammography were suspended from late March to late April. Previous analyses done by Green and Han revealed that mammography screenings continued to be down in 2020 and 2021 from their baseline in 2019 prior to the pandemic. Continued efforts in monitoring how mammography screenings have been affected following the pandemic is crucial especially in understudied cities with predominantly black populations such as Gary, IN.
Methods: Data was provided from “Hospital A” on 22,693 mammography encounters and this data was analyzed to determine how mammography screenings have changed after the suspension period.
Results: Following the lift on the suspension of elective procedures on April 27, 2020, there was a sharp increase of mammograms the following 8 weeks to near pre-pandemic levels. However, after this 8-week post suspension period of elective procedures on April 27, 2020, the weekly average began to decrease starting at the beginning of 2021. The weekly average went from 171 (SD 21.9) mammograms in 2019 to 108 (SD 40.0) mammograms in 2021. Furthermore, the weekly average has continued to decrease in 2022 with 101 (SD 46.8) mammograms.
Conclusion: “Hospital A” successfully returned mammography procedures to pre-pandemic levels initially during the 8 weeks following the suspension on elective procedures. However, strategies should be implemented to mitigate the continuing decrease in mammography procedures following the COVID-19 pandemic.
Complications Related to Prolonged Use of Topical Steroids Among Children with Uveitis: A retrospective study
Authors: Edwards Cameron , Taylor Nicole M. , Tarvin Stacey E. , Rodriguez Martha 
Published: January 2023

Background: Uveitis can be described as inflammation of the eye. It is classified depending on the location of the inflammation in anterior, intermediate, posterior and panuveitis. The current guidelines for first-line treatment include glucocorticoids, topical with eyedrops, intraocular corticosteroid injections and systemic (oral). Potential complications of patients on prolonged topical steroids include, glaucoma, and cataracts, which can subsequently cause permanent visual loss. The aim of this study is to describe the complications related to the use of prolonged topical steroids among pediatric uveitis patients.
Methods: This retrospective observational study reviewed the medical records of children (age ≤ 18 years) with uveitis at Riley Hospital for Children between 1997-2022 data collected included age at onset of uveitis, sex, anatomic location of ocular inflammation, comorbid disease (including systemic inflammatory disease), ocular complications, relevant laboratory data, and treatment. Study data was collected and managed using REDCap. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.
Results: Out of 122 subjects, anterior uveitis constituted 45.1% of patients, intermediate 15.6%and posterior uveitis 0.8%. The median age of diagnosis was 10 years of age and 53.3% were female. Among these 54.1% of patients were placed on steroids, of which 49.2% were on topical steroids drops and 5.7% on oral steroids. Within the group of patients on chronic steroids 18% developed cataracts and 8.2% subsequently required corrective surgery, 10.7% developedglaucoma and 13.9% required intraocular pressure reducing drops. `
Conclusion and Potential Impact: Uveitis treatment can be challenging, and some patients require longer periods of topical steroid use, which can be associated with complications including glaucoma and cataracts which can lead to blindness. In this cohort 18% developed cataracts and 10.7 % developed glaucoma. These effects can be mitigated with attentive monitoring. Balancing the benefits and risks of steroids and judicious use are vital to optimizing ocular health.
Granulocyte to monocyte ratio: leucokinetics in hematic biometry for appendicitis screening
Authors: Castillo Martinez Daniel Benito , Palacios Rivera Doris Michelle , Clemente Castillo Juan Antonio , Altamirano Moreno Karla Itzell , De los Cobos Duran Luis Daniel , Aragón Montes Alejandro 
Published: January 2023

Background: Acute appendicitis diagnosis is still challenging and is established with clinical history, physical exam, laboratory tests, and imaging studies. It´s crucial to analyze the blood biometry with physiopathological asses and not with a statistical approach for establishing diagnostic items. The interaction between neutrophils with monocytes is noticeable in the blood biometry, so its relationship could be explained as directly proportional to the neutrophils count because of cellular recruitment and inversely proportional to the monocyte count because of cellular migration.
Methods: A retrospective, transversal and analytic study was conducted, admission blood biometry of all patients (n=160) that went through appendectomy in Pemex´s North Central Hospital between 2014 and 2019 were dissected. Statistical correlation between sensibility and likelihood ratio of granulocyte/monocyte ratio (GMR), leucocyte elevation, and left shift of neutrophil count were contrasted. IBM® SPSS© statistical software performed the statistical analysis.
Results: GMR (1.00) sensitivity showed to be superior to leukocytosis (0.785) and percentage neutrophils (0.846). the same for the negative likelihood ratios (LR-) calculated for GMR (0.00), leukocytosis (0.59) and percentage of neutrophils (0.579).
Conclusions: GMR showed higher sensibility for detecting immune response in a patient with suspected acute appendicitis compared to leucocyte elevation and left shift of neutrophil count or both.
Pattern of renal and urinary tract disorders in children
Authors: Mehraj Uid din Khan  , Yaseer Ahmad Mir  , Touseef Ul Ayoub  , Muzafar Jan  
Published: January 2023

Background: Pediatricians encounter a wide spectrum of renal and urinary tract ailments in children most of which cause considerable morbidity and mortality in children. Such disorders are seen in children of all age groups starting right from infancy up till adolescence. The aim of our study was to study the prevalence, spectrum and clinical profile of such disorders in children.
Methods: This was a hospital based prospective observational study conducted over a period of 12 months from September 2017 to September 2018 at G. B. Pant hospital and Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences Srinagar. Children presenting with renal and urinary tract disorders between the age group of 1 month and 12 years were prospectively observed and recorded.
Results: Total number of patients between age group 1month to 12 years admitted with renal and urinary tract disorders were 197. Majority of patients i.e. 56 (28.4%) were less than one year old. Mean±SD age of patients was 3.9±3.41 years. Fever was the most common complaint present in 78 patients (39.6%). Urinary tract infection was the most common diagnosis in our study comprising of 71 (36%) patients followed by nephrotic syndrome in 39 (19.8%). Other diagnosis were congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract- CAKUT (13.2%), acute glomerulonephritis-AGN (10.2%), Acute kidney injury- AKI (9.1%), chronic kidney disease- CKD in 9 (4.6%) and tubular disorders (4.1%).
Conclusions: Because of their significant prevalence and impact on the quality of life, renal and urinary tract disorders require prompt diagnosis and management because early detection and treatment improves the morbidity and mortality.
3D printing for surgical planning in bone grafts for cleft-palate: a case report
Authors: Rendón-Medina Marco Aurelio , Arias-Salazar Leidy , Covarrubias-Noriega Alejandro , Araiza-Gómez Edgardo , Mendoza-Velez Maria De Los Angeles , Hernandez-Ordoñez Rubén , Vázquez-Morales Hecly Lya , Pacheco-López Ricardo C. 
Published: January 2023

3D printing has been used for teaching purposes. Creating models for simulating surgeries. Gong et al presented a workflow for digital planning for surgery and Rendon et al previously presented a low-cost method with acceptable precision. This paper aims to present a case where 3D printing surgical planning was applied for bone graft shape and dimensions. A 16-year-old female patient with a history of bilateral cleft lip and palate has received 6 surgical interventions to treat her congenital pathology. She begins orthodontic management at the age of 6 years and is referred to the plastic surgery service 10 years later, presenting oral and nasal fistula on the nasal floor with mainly liquid leakage. A bone graft was taken and applied from the patient's left iliac crest. the iliac crest is taken and the bone graft is molded Assisted with 3D printed model which is fixed in the premaxilla with a 14-hole linear plate. We proposed a new application for low-cost 3D printed models. Patient specific models have applications in cleft palate bone grafting. We present a case and more studies are required to measure variables as time, graft integration, and patient satisfaction.
Plastic bronchitis and a novel management approach with streptokinase inhalation therapy: a case study
Authors: Hlutkina Nataliya , Sadadiwala Mehul Hitesh , Mevawala Hardik Bakulkumar 
Published: January 2023

Plastic bronchitis (PB) is a rare condition of obstructive bronchial casts. The most common demographic that is affected by PB is children but adults with acute onset have also been reported. At present, there are no established guidelines for the management of PB which has led to the proposition of a variety of treatment regimens. Inhaled streptokinase (SK) can be one such treatment modality for this rare condition. An adult female patient presented to the Grodno university clinic with complaints of dyspnea, shortness of breath, and expectoration of firm, long, and branching bronchial casts. We used inhaled SK to treat this patient based on the cast composition on microscopic evaluation. Written consent was taken from the patient mentioned in the study. The study was approved by the hospital and institutional ethics committee. SK, a potent fibrinolytic agent, can be useful in lysing fibrin-rich bronchial casts. With Inhaled SK therapy, there was a gradual improvement in the overall condition of the patient. In the subsequent clinical follow-up, the patient was asymptomatic and without recurrent casts. The course of treatment and positive recovery of the patient signifies the fact that inhaled SK can be a suitable therapeutic approach in PB. Therefore, based on our novel therapeutic approach, SK inhalation may be a possible treatment for bronchial casts in PB.
The effects of pathophysiological changes in Type-2 diabetic patients on thyroid dysfunction and nodular goiter development in Turkey
Authors: ERGENÇ Zeynep , KARACA OCAK Özlem , AKSOY Erkan , ERGENÇ Hasan 
Published: January 2023

Objective: The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction is higher in patients with diabetes, and its diagnosis could cause better diabetes management. The purpose of the present study is to examine the impact of pathophysiological changes in patients with Type-2 diabetes on the frequency of thyroid dysfunction, thyroid autoimmunity, thyroid nodule, and thyroid cancer in Turkey.
Methods: The study was conducted on a total of 3.276 patients with Type-2 diabetes who underwent thyroid tests and thyroid ultrasonography (US). The demographic characteristics, biochemical and hormonal values, thyroid US reports, and histopathology reports were collected from the patient's electronic records.
Results: Thyroid autoimmunity positive TPOab 15.9% (n = 524) and/or positive TGab 9.9% (n = 327), the rate of positivity of both antibodies (TPOab + TGab) in the same patient, and total thyroid autoimmunity was found to be 32.57% (n=1067) in Type-2 diabetic patients. Thyroid dysfunction was detected in 18.3% (n = 602) of these patients. The distribution of thyroid dysfunction was 9.09% (n = 298) subclinical hypothyroidism, 4.1% (n = 135) clinical hypothyroidism, 3.1% (n = 102) subclinical hyperthyroidism, 2.0% (n = 67) clinical hyperthyroidism. Also, 67.9% (n = 2225) thyroid nodules, and 5% (n = 164) thyroid cancer were detected.
Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction was found to have increased in patients with Type-2 diabetes at significant levels.
Role Of Health Education Through Media in Prevention Of Covid-19 Pandemic (Saida And Tyr Provinces)
Authors: El Haj Mousa Alaa , Awwad Khodor 
Published: January 2023

The main objective of this study is to examine the role of health education through the media prevention of (COVID-19) in the two designated cities (Saida and Tyr). The study's foundational data comes from a survey administered to residents of Saida and Tyr and was gathered using a quantitative methodology that combines cross-sectional and descriptive designs. 460 online surveys were submitted by residents of the two cities. The study hypotheses were further examined with the use of an Anova Test, an Independent T-test, and a Pearson correlation analysis. The results demonstrated a beneficial association between health education via the media and the avoidance of (COVID-19). The study reached also a set of conclusions, among which are: It is found out that the majority of the sample individuals prefer to use social media as main source of for prevention of COVID-19. It appears too that the majority of the sample individuals spend more than 2 hours in using media channels for to follow health information’s and health programs. The respondents have also an agreement with most of the information required about their behavioral skills during the pandemic, and have an agreement with most of the information required about the trust of information’s provided by media channels that help them to change the behavioral and cognitive prevention. This is the first study that examines the role of health education through media in prevention during COVID-19 pandemic across the two selected cities (saida and Tyr).
Redes sociais de trabalho entre agricultores de um município do estado do Ceará
Authors: Martins José Wilton Lima , Braga Natalia lopes , Baião Darli Chahine , Matos Tereza Glaucia Rocha , Carvalho Renata Guimarães de , Maciel Regina Heloisa 
Published: January 2023

Este artigo tem o objetivo de descrever e analisar redes sociais de trabalho entre agricultores de um município do estado do Ceará. Para isso, foram mapeadas as redes sociais de dois agricultores e seus contatos, totalizando oito participantes. Para a coleta de dados, foi utilizada entrevista, observação e a técnica do gerador de nomes para mapeamento das redes sociais. Para a análise dos dados, foram utilizados indicadores de redes com o auxílio dos softwares Ucinet e NetDraw e de Análise de Conteúdo. Os resultados mostraram que as duas redes de trabalho fazem uso de laços de amizade e parentesco para o seu funcionamento, mobilizando capital social para viabilizar a produção rural em uma configuração semelhante a redes socioprodutivas. Contudo, apresentam diferenças, já que uma das redes é mais desenvolvida, com laços mais diversificados e uma maior quantidade de relações de trabalho remunerado e hierarquia. Conclui-se que as redes fazem parte da organização do trabalho dos agricultores e tornam viável a produção dos bens agrícolas, seja por meio de ajuda para a realização das atividades, seja pelo acesso a informações e recursos mais variados.
The Effect of Fermentation Duration on Nutrition Composition of Seaweed (Sargassum sp.) Liquid Organic Fertilizer
Authors: Zakaria Zakaria , Malik Andi Adam , Khairuddin Khairuddin , Ishak Muhammad 
Published: January 2023

This study aims to determine the effect of fermentation duration on the nutrient composition of seaweed liquid organic fertilizer (Sargassum sp). This research was conducted from May to June 2017 at The University of Muhammadiyah Parepare. Test materials used in the form of seaweed and lactobacillus. The container used in the implementation of this research is 6 bottles of 1000 ml size, before the bottles are used first the bottles are washed clean. Then each bottle is filled with extracts of Sargassum sp. as much as 800 ml and 40 ml of probiotics. Two bottles of treatment A (without fermentation), 2 bottles for treatment B (7 days fermentation), 2 bottles for treatment C (14 days fermentation). The design was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 types of each treatment. The results showed that micro nutrients that the iron (Fe) were obtained highest in treatment C (concentration 162 ppm), Silica (Si) in treatment A (100 ppm), manganese (Mn) in treatment B (29 ppm). For the highest macro nutrients potassium (K) obtained in treatment C (concentration 0.52%), Calcium (Ca) in treatment B (0.33%), Sulfur (S) in treatment C (0.31%) , Chlorine (Cl) in treatment C (concentration 0.27%). The research concludes that the length of time of fermentation affects the nutrient content of liquid organic fertilizer seaweed.