bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Postprandial dysfunction in fatty liver disease
Authors: Grandt Josephine , Jensen Anne‐Sofie H. , Werge Mikkel P. , Rashu Elias B. , Møller Andreas , Junker Anders E. , Hobolth Lise , Mortensen Christian , Johansen Christian D. , Vyberg Mogens , Serizawa Reza Rafiolsadat , Møller Søren , Gluud Lise Lotte , Wewer Albrechtsen Nicolai J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFatty liver disease has mainly been characterized under fasting conditions. However, as the liver is essential for postprandial homeostasis, identifying postprandial disturbances may be important. Here, we investigated postprandial changes in markers of metabolic dysfunction between healthy individuals, obese individuals with non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and patients with cirrhosis. We included individuals with biopsy‐proven NAFLD (n = 9, mean age 50 years, mean BMI 35 kg/m2, no/mild fibrosis), cirrhosis with hepatic steatosis (n = 10, age 62 years, BMI 32 kg/m2, CHILD A/B) and healthy controls (n = 10, age 23, BMI 25 kg/m2), randomized 1:1 to fasting or standardized mixed meal test (postprandial). None of the patients randomized to mixed meal test had type 2 diabetes (T2D). Peripheral blood was collected for 120 min. After 60 min, a transjugular liver biopsy and liver vein blood was taken. Plasma levels of glucose, insulin, C‐peptide, glucagon, and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) were measured. Postprandial peak glucose and C‐peptide were significantly increased in NAFLD, and cirrhosis compared with healthy. Patients with NAFLD and cirrhosis had hyperglucagonemia as a potential sign of glucagon resistance. FGF21 was increased in NAFLD and cirrhosis independent of sampling from the liver vein versus peripheral blood. Glucagon levels were higher in the liver vein compared with peripheral blood. Patients with NAFLD and cirrhosis without T2D showed impaired glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperglucagonemia after a meal compared to healthy individual. Postprandial characterization of patients with NAFLD may be important to capture their metabolic health.
l‐carnitine downregulate the muscle wasting effect of glucocorticoids in pemphigus patient: A randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled study
Authors: Noormohammadi Zeinab , Arghavani Hana , Javanbakht Mohammadhasan , Daneshpazhooh Maryam , Jalali Mahmood 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPemphigus Vulgaris (PV) is a blistering autoimmune disease caused by autoantibodies against desmoglein 1 and 3. Treatment options are limited to corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. The myotoxic effect of glucocorticoids is a fact that has been elucidated. So, the development of efficacious treatment approaches to combat muscle wasting is of great importance. Considering the adverse effect of glucocorticoid therapy in pemphigus patients and altered muscle metabolism, this study aimed to investigate the effect of l‐carnitine supplementation which can be useful in combating muscle‐wasting impact of glucocorticoid therapy. In this randomized double‐blind placebo‐controlled trial 44 pemphigus patients aged from 30 to 65 years, receiving glucocorticoid therapy were selected to evaluate the suitability of l‐carnitine (LC) as an anti‐wasting substance. Patients were randomly divided into two groups to receive 2 g/d l‐carnitine or placebo for 8 weeks; serum markers of muscle metabolism (IGF‐1, creatine kinase, myogenin, myostatin) was evaluated before and after the l‐carnitine supplementation. Paired T‐test was used to analyze the differences between variables before and after the intervention. Therefore, the student's t‐test was performed to find any differences in baseline characteristics and dietary intakes between the trial groups. LC intake led to a significant rise in serum IGF‐1 and a reduction in CK and myostatin levels compared to baseline (p < 0.05) but there were no significant inter‐group differences in IGF‐1 and CK levels; There was also a significant reduction in myostatin level in LC group (p < 0/05). Myogenin levels decreased in both LC and placebo groups but the decrease in the placebo group was significant (p = 0/008); it means LC prevent the myogenin decreasing trend in the LC group compared to placebo. In conclusion, LC supplementation beneficially changes the level of IGF‐1 and myostatin and improves muscle metabolism and regeneration in PV patients.
The interplay of contrast markers (‘but’), selectives (“topic markers”) and word order in the fuzzy oppositive contrast domain
Authors: Wälchli Bernhard 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This investigation is a large-scale comparative corpus study of the oppositive contrast domain (also called “semantic opposition”) based on parallel texts. Oppositive contrast is established as a fuzzy region of the similarity space of contrast (‘but’), a domain also characterized by the occurrence of selectives (“topic markers”) and of initial non-predicative phrases in VSO/VOS-languages. Major findings are that many languages have special oppositive contrast markers and that there is a continuum between oppositive contrast markers and selectives, although truly intermediate markers are rare. The gradualness between oppositive and counterexpectative contrast is explained by semantic fuzziness and by emphasis, with strong emphasis being dependent on scales. Contrast is a rhetorical discourse relation and strong oppositive contrast can be used as a persuasive strategy aiming at establishing new common ground stepwise. The fuzziness of oppositive contrast has major theoretical and methodological implications. The encoding of the domain neither follows strict universals nor is it maximally diverse (diversity is strongly constrained). Due to its syntactic properties, oppositive contrast cannot be conceived of merely as a preestablished extralinguistic semantic domain. Furthermore, contrast exhibits a high degree of language-internal variability. General trends are reflected both by stable and by emergent grammar.
Distribution and conservation status of the endemic Nilgiri marten (Martes gwatkinsii)
Authors: Shameer Thekke Thumbath , Mungi Ninad Avinash , Backer Sulekha Jameela , Raman Sreehari , Reddy Srinivas Ramchandra , Easa Pulinkunel Sayedmohammed , Sanil Raveendranathanpillai 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
We used Maxent to model the distribution of the Nilgiri marten (Martes gwatkinsii), a cryptic semi-arboreal mammal, with climate, forest, and human disturbance as covariates. We modelled the species niche, which identified suitable habitat across a variety of land uses and protection regimes. The findings point to a species niche defined by isolated, cold, and wet areas along the Western Ghats’ montane grasslands (shola) and adjoining wet forests. A sizable portion (62 %) of the total 8922 km2 niche area is multi-use, including tea, coffee, and timber plantations. Our findings emphasise the importance of conservation in non-protected areas adjacent to reserves in order to sustain this endemic species.
Recent advances in oblique plane microscopy
Authors: Kim Jeongmin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Oblique plane microscopy (OPM) directly captures object information in a plane tilted from the focal plane of the objective lens without the need for slow z-stack acquisition. This unconventional widefield imaging approach is made possible by using a remote focusing principle that eliminates optical aberrations for object points beyond the focal plane. Together with oblique lightsheet illumination, OPM can make conventional lightsheet imaging fully compatible with standard biological specimens prepared on microscope slides. OPM is not only an excellent high-speed volumetric imaging platform by sweeping oblique lightsheet illumination without mechanically moving either the sample or objective lens in sample space, but also provides a solution for direct oblique plane imaging along any orientation of interest on the sample in a single shot. Since its first demonstration in 2008, OPM has continued to evolve into an advanced microscope platform for biological, medical, and materials science applications. In recent years, many technological advances have been made in OPM with the goal of super-resolution, fast volumetric imaging, and a large imaging field of view, etc. This review gives an overview of OPM’s working principle and imaging performance and introduces recent technical developments in OPM methods and applications. OPM has strong potential in a variety of research fields, including cellular and developmental biology, clinical diagnostics in histology and ophthalmology, flow cytometry, microfluidic devices, and soft materials.
Effect of varying Nd2O3 contents on the structure and mechanical properties of the radioactive waste form: aluminosilicate glass-ceramics
Authors: Tan Pan , Shu Xiaoyan , Li Lingshuang , Cheng Yanrong , Liu Du , Li Xiaoan , Lu Xirui , Xie Yi , Chen Shunzhang , Liao Bing , Dong Faqin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The magmatic diagenetic environment was simulated by high-temperature melting and natural cooling. A series of glass-ceramics with different Nd2O3 contents were prepared by using complex component granite (aluminosilicate material). The phase evolution of the matrix at different temperatures was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The structure of glass-ceramics was analyzed by infrared spectroscopy (IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The mechanical properties of glass-ceramics were also evaluated. The results showed that the glass transition of pure matrix begins at 1200 °C, and the sample with the highest degree of vitrification is obtained at 1500 °C. The addition of Nd2O3 promoted the melting of Fe3O4 crystal, resulting in the complete amorphous matrix when the Nd2O3 amount is in the range of 20–26 wt.%. With the further increase of Nd2O3 content, Nd-bearing feldspar first appeared. No raw material Nd2O3 was found, indicating that the formation of Nd-bearing feldspar may increase the carrying capacity of the material. The Gaussian fitting results showed that the glass-ceramic samples with Nd2O3 content of 29 wt.% are mainly composed of Q2 and Q3 structural units. In the EDS result, part of neodymium was clustered with small bright spots, while the spots were uniformly distributed on the sample surface as a whole. Meanwhile, the addition of Nd2O3 increased the mechanical properties of the samples (3.20 g/cm3, 8.33 GPa for the sample with 29 wt.% of Nd2O3). The results provide a strategy for the treatment of solid waste with radioactive residual actinides.
Older People Trip, Some Fall—A Program to Decrease Seniors' Fall Risk
Authors: Baylor Ryan P. , Hinkel-Lipsker Jacob W. , Jaque S. Victoria , Flanagan Sean P. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Falls resulting from trips are a leading cause of injury and can sometimes result in death, especially in the older population. Numerous researchers have studied the biomechanical mechanisms that differentiate fallers from nonfallers and determined whether training can beneficially impact those outcomes. Exercise and task-specific interventions have demonstrated fewer falls after trips but can be costly and often require specialized equipment, making their applicability less practical. Qualified health and fitness practitioners can develop evidence-informed, exercise-based programs focusing on 3 components (balance training, task-specific training, and resistance exercise). Such programs may help to reduce fall risk in older adults based on previously documented studies identifying the biomechanical demands of a successful fall arrest after a trip perturbation. These multicomponent programs should include a safe task-specific training element that does not require specialized equipment.
Interpretation of Small-Scaled Model Test for Uniform Clay Slope Design
Authors: Wang Xiaoliang , Zhou Mi , Zhang Xihong 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Small-scaled model tests under normal gravity are widely used to examine slope stabilities and failure mechanisms. Nevertheless, in practice, it is impossible to comply to all similarity principles, which could affect the modeled results in the prototype. This paper performs finite element analyses to investigate the behavior of uniform clay slopes as commonly performed in a 1g model test without following similarity principles. The numerical model is validated with previously published data. A parametric study is then carried out with varying slope scales, soil properties, etc. Based on extensive numerical modeling data, four formulas are established to correlate and interpolate the sliding surface and safety factor of a model slope in a 1g test. A framework is proposed to interpret 1g model-scale test results for applications in slope designs.
Development and Application of Triaxial Apparatus for Soil with High Bearing Pressure by Computed Tomography
Authors: Fang Xiangwei , Hu Fenghui , Yao Zhihua , Chen Zhenghan , Shen Chunni 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In order to study the macro and micro-mechanical properties of a soil sample under high pressure, we improved the traditional triaxial apparatus with high-bearing pressure for soil by combining it with the computed tomography (CT) system. The new apparatus overcomes the existing limits of low bearing pressure in the traditional triaxial apparatus and the small sample size in the micro-CT triaxial apparatus, keeping all the functions of the traditional triaxial apparatus. It can attain dynamic, quantitative, and noninvasive scanning of the internal structure of soil samples during the testing process. Moreover, the pressure chamber is made of high-strength and lightweight aircraft aluminum materials, allowing high X-ray penetration while ensuring that the scanned image is clear under high pressure. Consolidated undrained and drained triaxial tests are conducted by the apparatus on coral sand. The results show that the stress–strain curve is reasonable, the CT image is clear, and the particle breakage in the real-time loading process can be analyzed through image processing in single grading. As a result, the apparatus can be used to study the micro-mechanism of the internal structure of soil aiming at explaining its macro-mechanical behavior.
Dynamin‐like proteins mediate extracellular vesicle secretion in Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Authors: Gupta Shamba , Bhagavathula Madhuri , Sharma Vartika , Sharma Nishant , Sharma Nevadita , Biswas Ashis , Palacios Ainhoa , Salgueiro Vivian , Lavín Jose L , Dogra Navneet , Salgame Padmini , Prados‐Rosales Rafael , Rodríguez G Marcela 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) secretes extracellular vesicles (EVs) containing a variety of proteins, lipoproteins, and lipoglycans. While emerging evidence suggests that EVs contribute to tuberculosis pathogenesis, the factors and molecular mechanisms involved in mycobacterial EV production have not been identified. In this study, we use a genetic approach to identify Mtb proteins that mediate vesicle release in response to iron limitation and antibiotic exposure. We uncover a critical role for the isoniazid‐induced, dynamin‐like proteins, IniA and IniC, in mycobacterial EV biogenesis. Further characterization of a Mtb iniA mutant shows that the production of EVs enables intracellular Mtb to export bacterial components into the extracellular environment to communicate with host cells and potentially modulate the immune response. The findings advance our understanding of the biogenesis and functions of mycobacterial EVs and provide an avenue for targeting vesicle production in vivo.
Un acercamiento desde la métrica a La soledad sonora, de Juan Ramón Jiménez
Authors: López García Tibisay 
Published: April 2023

Este trabajo se propone analizar las características métricas más llamativas del poemario La soledad sonora (1911), uno de los menos estudiados de Juan Ramón Jiménez, en el que forma y contenido confirman el alejamiento del modernismo recién heredado y la renovación poética que el poeta está llevando a cabo en su trayectoria a mediados de la primera década del siglo XX.Palabras clave: Poesía, métrica, Juan Ramón Jiménez, octosílabo, alejandrinoAn approach from the meter to La soledad sonora, by Juan Ramón JiménezAbstract: This study intends to analyse the more noteworthy metric characteristics of the poems’ books La soledad sonora, one of the less studied from Juan Ramón Jiménez, in which form and content confirm the distancing from the recently inherited modernism and the poetic renewal accomplishing into his new trajectory in the middle of the first decade of the twentieth century.Key words: Poetry, meter, Juan Ramón Jiménez, octossyllabic verse, Alexandrine verse
Profiles of childhood adversities in Inuit from Nunavik: description and associations with indicators of socioeconomic characteristics, support, and community involvement
Authors: Lafrenaye-Dugas Anne-Julie , Bélanger Richard E. , Poliakova Natalia , Riva Mylène , Fletcher Christopher , Godbout Natacha , Fraser Sarah , Courtemanche Yohann , Moisan Caroline , Muckle Gina 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Objectives
Distress and associated health problems reported by Nunavik Inuit emanate from heterogeneous roots, including adverse childhood experiences. This study aims to (1) identify distinct childhood adversity profiles and (2) examine associations between these profiles and sex, socioeconomic characteristics, social support, and community involvement among Nunavimmiut.

Methods
In a sample of 1109 adult Nunavimmiut, sex, socioeconomic characteristics, support, community involvement, residential school attendance, and 10 forms of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were documented using questionnaires. Latent class analyses and weighted comparisons were performed for three subgroups: 18–49 years; 50 years and above with experience of residential school; and 50 years and above without experience of residential school. The analysis design, the manuscript drafts, and the key findings were discussed and co-interpreted with the collaboration of community representatives, taking into consideration Inuit culture and needs.

Results
A total of 77.6% of Nunavimmiut reported having experienced at least one form of childhood adversity. Three ACE profiles were identified among the 18–49-year-olds: low ACEs (43.0%), household stressors (30.7%), and multiple ACEs (26.3%). Two profiles characterized ACEs experienced among the 50-year-olds and over with and without history of residential schooling: low ACEs (80.1% and 77.2%, respectively) and multiple ACEs (19.9% and 22.8%, respectively). Among the group of 18–49-year-olds, as compared to the low ACE profile, the profile with household stressors included proportionally more women (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5) and was associated with lower involvement in volunteering and community activities (mean score reduced by 0.29 standard deviation [SD]) and lower family cohesion (SD = − 0.11), while the multiple ACE profile was related to a lower rate of employment (OR = 0.62), lower family cohesion (SD = − 0.28), and lower satisfaction with ability to practice traditional activities (SD = − 0.26).

Conclusion
Childhood adversities among Nunavimmiut do not occur in isolation and experiencing multiple forms of childhood adversities predicts lower socioeconomic status, support, and community involvement in adulthood. Implications for the planning of health and community services in Nunavik are discussed.
Quality of Life and Pain Syndrome in Patients With Thoracic Aorta Repair Using a Mini-Sternotomy
Authors: Charchyan E. R. , Breshenkov D. G. , Neizvestnykh D. P. , Chakal D. A. , Belov Yu. V. 
Published: April 2023

Aim To determine the effect of minimally invasive interventions on the quality of life (QoL), pain syndrome, and cosmetic effect in patients with a pathology of chest aorta as compared with a group of traditional access.Material and methods From 2016 through 2020, 77 of 226 (34%) patients with an aneurysm in the proximal chest aorta and mini-sternotomy were prospectively selected starting from 2017. To evaluate differences between the effects of mini-sternotomy and the traditional access on QoL and pain syndrome a control group of patients with full sternotomy (n=77) was formed using pseudorandomization. Intergroup comparison of QoL, pain syndrome, and cosmetic parameters was performed at various time points.Results Mini-sternotomy provided a decrease in pain syndrome both during the early period (day 3), and during movements upon discharge. Also, mini-sternotomy decreased the duration of stay in the hospital compared to full sternotomy (8.1±2.1 vs. 8.9±2.5 days, respectively; р>0.0331). A more frequent use of analgesics by patients with full sternotomy was noted. Mini-sternotomy was associated with a faster recovery of most QoL parameters according to the SF-36 questionnaire at one year after surgery. The questionnaire included summarizing parameters of physical and mental health components (Physical Health Component, Physical Health (PH): 54.3±11.9 vs. 58.2±8.2, respectively; p=0.046; Mental Health Component, Mental Health (MH): 53.8±6.8 vs. 57.8±9.5, respectively; p=0.013). In addition, patients with minimal access showed higher values of the cosmetic effect by a 5-score scale (4.08±0.8 vs. 4.39±0.8, respectively; p=0.049) and a greater interest to having a minimal access surgery.Conclusion Mini-sternotomy beneficially influences the pain syndrome, cosmetic outcome, and QoL and provides a shorter duration of rehabilitation and a sooner return to work and everyday life compared to full sternotomy.
Efficacy and Safety of Nonfluoroscopic Approach During Catheter Ablation of Ventricular Tachycardias
Authors: Huseynli E. G. , Sapelnikov O. V. , Amanatova V. A. , Ardus D. F. , Khachirov M. R. , Grishin I. R. , Cherkashin D. I. , Saidova M. A. , Stukalova O. V. , Shlevkov N. B. , Uskach T. M. , Akchurin R. S. 
Published: April 2023

Aim To evaluate a possibility of using radiofrequency catheter ablation guided by intracardiac echocardiography (ICE), its efficacy and safety for treatment of ventricular tachycardia (VT) of various etiology.Material and methods Catheter intervention was performed for 20 enrolled patients with symptomatic VT. Ablation procedures were guided by a 3D electroanatomical mapping system and ICE.Results Mean duration of the procedure was 201.2±62.5 min. The procedure was successful (non-inducibility of VT) in 100% of cases. None of the patients had postoperative complications.Conclusion Ablation of VT arrhythmogenic substrate guided by 3D electroanatomical navigational mapping and ICE without X-ray is feasible and safe.
Rapid Diagnosis of Recurrent Paucibacillary Tuberculosis
Authors: Jafari Claudia , Olaru Ioana Diana , Daduna Franziska , Lange Christoph , Kalsdorf Barbara 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: The rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis recurrence can be challenging due to persistently positive detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific DNA from sputum and bronchopulmonary samples in the absence of active disease.
Methods: We compared the diagnostic accuracy of the detection of M. tuberculosis-specific DNA by either Xpert (January 2010-June 2018) or Xpert Ultra (July 2018-June 2020) and M. tuberculosis-specific ELISPOT in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples with M. tuberculosis culture results from sputum or bronchopulmonary samples in patients with suspected recurrence of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Results: Among 44 individuals with previous tuberculosis and a presumptive diagnosis of recurrent pulmonary tuberculosis, 4/44 (9.1%) were diagnosed with recurrent tuberculosis by culture. DNA of M. tuberculosis was detected by Xpert in BAL fluid in 1/4 (25%) individuals with recurrent tuberculosis and in 2/40 (5%) cases with past tuberculosis without recurrence, while BAL-ELISPOT with a cut-off of >4,000 early secretory antigenic target-6-specific or culture filtrate protein-10-specific interferon-γ-producing lymphocytes per 1 million BAL-lymphocytes was positive in 4/4 (100%) individuals with recurrent tuberculosis and in 2/40 (5%) cases of past tuberculosis without recurrence.
Conclusion: M. tuberculosis-specific BAL-ELISPOT is more accurate than BAL-Xpert for the diagnosis of paucibacillary tuberculosis recurrence.