bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adult porcine (Sus scrofa) derived inner ear cells: Characteristics in in‐vitro cultures
Authors: Wijesinghe Printha , Sastry Anand , Hui Elizabeth , Cogan Tristan A. , Zheng Boyuan , Ho Germain , Kakal Juzer , Nunez Desmond A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThere is a need for an animal model that closely parallels human cochlea gestational development. This study aims to document porcine inner ear anatomy, and in vitro porcine derived inner ear cell culture characteristics. Twenty‐four temporal bone were harvested from 12 adult pigs (Sus scrofa). Six were formalin fixed and their maximal diameters were measured. The cochlea duct length was determined by the insertion length of a Nucleus 22 cochlear implant in two bones. Four formalin fixed bones were sectioned for histology. Cochlear and vestibular tissues were harvested from non‐fixed bones, cultured and characterized at different passages (P). Gene and protein expression of multipotent stem/progenitor (Nestin and Sox2), inner ear hair (Myosin VIIa, Prestin) and supporting (Cytokeratin 18 and Vimentin) cell markers were determined. The porcine cochlea was a 3.5 turn spiral. There was a separate vestibular compartment. The cochlear mean maximal diameter and height was 7.99 and 3.77 mm, respectively. Sphere forming cells were identified on phase‐contrast microscopy. The relative mRNA expression levels of KRT18, MYO7A and SLC26A5 were significantly positively correlated in cochlear cultures; and MYO7A and SLC26A5; SOX2 and KRT18; NES and SLC26A5 genes were positively correlated in vestibular cultures (p = .037, Spearman correlation [τ] = .900). Inner ear sensory and stem cell characteristics persist in passaged porcine inner ear cells. Further work is required to establish the usefulness of porcine inner ear cell cultures to the study of human inner ear disorders.
Extended observer‐based hybrid tracking control strategy for networked system with FDI attacks
Authors: Xu Longyu , Chen Yong , Li Meng , Zhang Longjie , Mahmoud Gafary 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis paper studies the speed tracking control of networked control systems (NCSs) with external disturbance and false data injection (FDI) attacks. First, the system model with external disturbances and FDI attacks is built. Then, an extended observer based on discrete time sliding function and neural network (NN) is proposed to observe the extended states and suppress the effect of external disturbance and FDI attacks. Furthermore, a novel hybrid discrete‐time sliding mode control (HDSMC) strategy combining discrete time sliding mode control with super‐twisting control is designed to perform closed‐loop control of the system, in which the exponential term and nonlinear term are constructed to restrain the jitters. The convergence and reachability of the sliding motion are proofed. Finally, the validity and feasibility of the proposed methods are proved by simulations and experiments.
A ratiometric fluorescent sensor for the detection of phosphate
Authors: Liu Jiayi , Liu Yibing , Wang Wei , Zhang Siqi , Tang Li , Ma Pinyi , Song Daqian , Fei Qiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOver the past few years, ratiometric fluorescent nanoprobes have garnered substantial interest because of their self‐calibration characteristics. This research developed a ratiometric fluorescent sensor to detect phosphate. Through encapsulating luminescent materials, gold nanoclusters (AuNCs) and carbon dots (CDs) into a zeolitic imidazolate framework‐8 (ZIF‐8), the fluorescence signal of AuNCs was enhanced, while that of CDs was suppressed. After phosphate was added, it could decompose ZIF‐8, and AuNCs and CDs were released, which weakened the fluorescence signal of the AuNCs while restoring that of the CDs. Thereby, this makes CDs/AuNCs@ZIF‐8 a potential fluorescent sensor for phosphate determination. The ratiometric sensor had facile synthesis, good selectivity, and a low detection limit. Therefore, this sensor was an effective tool for the detection of phosphate.
Distribution of the tensor of the vastus intermedius
Authors: Park Hyeng‐Kyu , Han Jae‐Young , Cho Young‐Suk , Nam Kwang‐Il 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe tensor of the vastus intermedius (TVI) was first described by Grob et al. in 2016. It originates from the anteroinferior greater trochanter and inserts into the upper patella and receives blood and nerves independently of other muscles. It has been overlooked, but since micro‐surgery and detailed rehabilitation treatments are being developed, more research on it is warranted. Here we report on the TVI in a Korean cadaveric study. A total of 58 cadavers (41 males and 17 females) were included. Thighs were examined using a standardized dissection protocol. The quadriceps femoris muscle was identified and its components were defined by blunt dissection. A total of 116 lower limbs were dissected. In 40 of them, there was a separately innervated TVI muscle belly between the fasciae of the vastus lateralis (VL) and the vastus intermedius (VI) muscles. TVIs were classed as independent (ID), VI, and VL types according to the relative relationship between the TVI, VL, and VI, and subdivided into two parts: Part 1 was the proximal muscular portion of the TVI attached to the VL or VI, and part 2 was the distal aponeurotic area. TVIs were analyzed in detail via 58 Korean cadavers. We subdivided them on the basis of their location and association with related muscles. A larger study is needed to clarify the function and prevalence of the TVI.
Aortic valve fenestrations: Macroscopic assessment and functional anatomy study
Authors: Dudkiewicz Damian , Zhingre Sanchez Jorge D. , Hołda Jakub , Bolechała Filip , Strona Marcin , Kopacz Paweł , Iaizzo Paul A. , Koziej Mateusz , Hołda Mateusz K. , Konieczyńska Małgorzata 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAortic valve fenestrations are defined as a loss of aortic valve leaflet tissue. They are a common but overlooked finding with unclear significance. The aim of this study was to investigate the varied functional anatomies of aortic valve fenestrations. A total of 400 formalin‐fixed autopsied human hearts were macroscopically assessed and the function of the aortic valve of 16 reanimated human hearts were imaged using Visible Heart® methodologies. Aortic valve leaflet fenestrations were present in 43.0% of autopsied hearts (in one leaflet in 24.0%, in two leaflets 16.0%, in all leaflets 3.0%). Fenestrations were mostly present in left (25.5%) followed by right (23.3%) and noncoronary leaflet (16.3%). In 93.8% of cases, the fenestrations form clusters and were mainly located at the free edge of the leaflet in the commissural area (95.4%). Hearts with aortic valve fenestrations had significantly larger aortic valve diameters and aortic valve areas (p < 0.001). The average surface area sizes of fenestrations were 23.8 ± 16.6 mm2, and the areas were largest for left followed by right and noncoronary leaflet fenestrations (p < 0.001). The fenestration areas positively correlated with donor age (r = 0.31; p = 0.02). Significant hypermobility and subjective weakening of the leaflet adhesion levels of the fenestrated regions were observed. In conclusion, fenestrations of the aortic leaflets are frequent, and their sizes may be significant. They occur in all age groups, yet their size increase with aging. Fragments of leaflets with fenestrations show different behaviors during the cardiac cycle versus unchanged areas.
A Drug Repurposing Approach to Identify Therapeutics by Screening Pathogen Box Exploiting SARS‐CoV‐2 Main Protease
Authors: Tyagi Rashmi , Paul Anubrat , Raj V. Samuel , Ojha Krishna Kumar , Kumar Sunil , Panda Aditya K , Chaurasia Anurag , Yadav Manoj Kumar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCoronavirus disease‐19 (COVID‐19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus ‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and is responsible for a higher degree of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There is a smaller number of approved therapeutics available to target the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus, and the virus is evolving at a fast pace. So, there is a continuous need for new therapeutics to combat COVID‐19. The main protease (Mpro) enzyme of SARS‐CoV‐2 is essential for replication and transcription of the viral genome, thus could be a potent target for the treatment of COVID‐19. In the present study, we performed an in‐silico screening analysis of 400 diverse bioactive inhibitors with proven antibacterial and antiviral properties against Mpro drug target. Ten compounds showed a higher binding affinity for Mpro than the reference compound (N3), with desired physicochemical properties. Furthermore, in‐depth docking and superimposition revealed that three compounds (MMV1782211, MMV1782220, and MMV1578574) are actively interacting with the catalytic domain of Mpro. In addition, the molecular dynamics simulation study showed a solid and stable interaction of MMV178221‐Mpro complex compared to the other two molecules (MMV1782220, and MMV1578574). In line with this observation, MM/PBSA free energy calculation also demonstrated the highest binding free energy of −115.8 kJ/mol for MMV178221‐Mpro compound. In conclusion, the present in silico analysis revealed MMV1782211 as a possible and potent molecule to target the Mpro and must be explored in vitro and in vivo to combat the COVID‐19.
2‐Aminothiazole‐Oxadiazole Bearing N‐Arylated Butanamides: Convergent Synthesis, Tyrosinase Inhibition, Kinetics, Structure‐Activity Relationship, and Binding Conformations
Authors: Raza Hussain , Rehman Sadiq Butt Abdul , Athar Abbasi Muhammad , Aziz‐ur‐Rehman  , Zahra Siddiqui Sabahat , Hassan Mubashir , Adnan Ali Shah Syed , Ja Kim Song 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA multi‐step synthesis of novel bi‐heterocyclic N‐arylated butanamides was consummated through a convergent strategy and the structures of these medicinal scaffolds, 7a–h, were corroborated using spectral techniques. The in vitro analysis of these hybrid molecules revealed their potent tyrosinase inhibition as compared to the standard used. The kinetics mechanism was investigated through Lineweaver‐Burk plots which exposed that, 7f, inhibited tyrosinase enzyme non‐competitively by forming the enzyme‐inhibitor complex. The inhibition constants Ki calculated from Dixon plots for this compound was 0.025 μM. Their binding conformations were ascertained by in silico computational studies whereby these molecules disclosed good binding energy values (kcal/mol). So, it was anticipated from the current research that these bi‐heterocyclic butanamides might be probed as imperative therapeutic agents for melanogenesis.
Bioactive Dimeric Diterpenoids from Taiwania cryptomerioides (Hayata) and Their Biological Activities
Authors: Wang Wen‐Li , Zhu Dong‐Rong , Li Ling‐Nan , Liu Xiao‐Qin , Zhu Li , Zhu Tian‐Yu , Chen Chen , Han Chao , Ying Pin , Lin Zhi‐Hua , Luo Jian‐Guang , Kong Ling‐Yi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTaiwania cryptomerioides Hayata is an endangered relict plant belonging to Taxodiaceae, and it is also an endemic plant to China. The decay‐resistant of Taiwania timber can provide highly quality wood for building and furniture. Plenty of regenerative of leaves of T. cryptomerioides also has been used as a resource for the discovery of new dimeric diterpenoids. In a search for structurally diverse dimeric diterpenoids and potent bioactive isolates, ten new heterodimeric diterpenoids, taiwaniadducts K−T (1–4, 6, 8–11, and 14), along with five known ones (5, 7, 12, 13, and 15), were isolated from the leaves of T. cryptomerioides. These new compounds were defined by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses, putative biosynthetic pathways, and the values of optical. Biologically, anti‐multidrug resistance (MDR) activities of compounds were evaluated. Compounds 4 and 10 exerted a 9.18‐fold potentiation effect on bortezmib (BTZ) susceptibility at a tested concentration (20 μM) better than the positive control verapamil. The research of the leaves of T. cryptomerioides not only added the new data to the structural diversity and activities of dimeric diterpenoids but also could provide support for the medical and industrial application of the leaves of this endangered relict plant.
Affinity Studies of Hemicyanine Derived Water Soluble Colorimetric Probes with Reactive Oxygen/Nitrogen/Sulfur Species
Authors: Ghosh Riya , Debnath Snehasish , Bhattacharya Arnab , Chatterjee Pabitra B. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPeroxynitrite (ONOO‐) is an essential endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in mitochondria under various pathological and physiological conditions. An increase in its level in mitochondria is related to numerous diseases. Herein, we report a series of hemicyanine‐derived water‐soluble colorimetric probes (1–4) and the reactivity of which was studied with various reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species. Probes 1–4 are formed by conjugating 1,2,3,3‐tetramethyl‐3H‐indolium iodide and 4‐hydroxybenzaldehyde or its derivatives through an alkene linkage formed by the Knoevenagel reaction. Oxidative cleavage of the electron‐rich double bond of the conjugated hemicyanine dye revealed a discerning affinity of probe 3 towards peroxynitrite among all reactive oxygen species. The rapid change in color of 3 provides a sensitive and selective method for detecting peroxynitrite with a low detection limit of 180 nM. Notably, the water solubility of the probe displays excellent performance for the selective detection of peroxynitrite among ROS and reactive nitrogen (RNS)/sulfur species (RSS). UV‐vis, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopic data and results from theoretical calculations provide further information on the interaction of peroxynitrite with probe 3.
Tooth adornment among siblings living in an urban slum in Nigeria: Health implications for a vulnerable population
Authors: Osuh Mary E. , Oyaniran Olaide H. , Tunde‐Alao Tobi S. , Lawal Folake B. , Oke Gbemisola A. , Osuh Jackson I. , Harris Bronwyn , Chen Yen‐Fu , Lilford Richard J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTooth jewelry boosts the appearance and confidence of wearers. However, its use may carry adverse health consequences. This paper creates awareness about a practice not previously reported in Nigeria, to prevent negative health consequences while appropriate measures are taken to quantify and describe the determinants and plan appropriate interventions.
Resynchronization effects and clinical outcomes during left bundle branch area pacing with and without conduction system capture
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Chen Lu , Zhou Xiaohong , Huang Jingjuan , Zhu Shiwei , Shen E. , Pan Changqing , Hou Xumin , Li Ruogu , He Ben 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundLeft bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) includes left bundle branch pacing (LBBP) and left ventricular (LV) septal myocardial pacing (LVSP).HypothesisThe study aimed to assess resynchronization effects and clinical outcomes by LBBAP in heart failure (HF) patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) indications.MethodsLBBAP was successfully performed in 29 consecutive patients and further classified as the LBBP‐group (N = 15) and LVSP‐group (N = 14) based on the LBBP criteria and novel LV conduction time measurement (LV CT, between LBBAP site and LV pacing (LVP) site). AV‐interval optimized LBBP or LVSP, or LVSP combined with LVP (LVSP‐LVP) was applied. LV electrical and mechanical synchrony and clinical outcomes were assessed.ResultsAll 15 patients in the LBBP‐group received optimized LBBP while 14 patients in the LVSP‐group received either optimized LVSP (5) or LVSP‐LVP (9). The LV CT during LBBP was significantly faster than that during LVP (p < .001), while LV CT during LVSP were similar to LVP (p = .226). The stimulus to peak LV activation time (Stim‐LVAT, 71.2 ± 8.3 ms) and LV mechanical synchrony (TSI‐SD, 35.3 ± 9.5 ms) during LBBP were significantly shorter than those during LVSP (Stim‐LVAT 89.1 ± 19.5 ms, TSI‐SD 49.8 ± 14.4 ms, both p < .05). Following 17(IQR 8) months of follow‐up, the improvement of LVEF (26.0%(IQR 16.0)) in the LBBP‐group was significantly greater than that in the LVSP‐group (6.0%(IQR 20.8), p = .001).ConclusionsLV activation in LBBP propagated significantly faster than that of LVSP. LBBP generated superior electrical and mechanical resynchronization and better LVEF improvement over LVSP in HF patients with CRT indications.
A Synthetic Overview of Benzoxazines and Benzoxazepines as Anticancer Agents
Authors: Chatterjee Indranil , Ali Kasim , Panda Gautam 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBenzoxazines and benzoxazepines are nitrogen and oxygen‐containing six and seven‐membered benzo‐fused heterocyclic scaffolds, respectively. Benzoxazepines and benzoxazines are well‐known pharmacophores in pharmaceutical chemistry, which are of significant interest and have been extensively studied because of their promising activity against various diseases including their wide range of anticancer activity. Several reports are known for synthesizing benzoxazine and benzoxazepine‐based compounds in the literature. Herein this review provides a critical analysis of synthetic strategies towards benzoxazines and benzoxazepines along with various ranges of anticancer activities based on these molecules that have been reported from 2010 onwards. This review also focuses on the structure‐activity relationship of the benzoxazine and benzoxazepine scaffolds containing bioactive compounds and describes how the structural modification affects their anticancer activity.
Global cancer surgery in low‐resource settings: A strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis
Authors: Sadler Samantha J. , Torio Erickson F. , Golby Alexandra J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGlobal cancer surgery is an essential and complex component of oncologic care. This study aims to describe global cancer surgery literature since the 2015 Lancet Commission on Global Surgery and Cancer Surgery and perform a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis. A systematic search was performed in PubMed of global cancer surgery articles. Themes were extracted from the included studies based on the following criteria: (1) performed in low‐ or low‐middle–income countries, (2) published during or after 2015, (3) published in peer‐reviewed journals, (4) written in the English language, and (5) accessible to the authors. Themes were further grouped into strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT analysis). The search strategy identified 154 articles published from 1992 to 2022. Forty‐six articles were included in the qualitative synthesis and SWOT analysis. Recurring themes included local epidemiologic studies, local innovations and feasibility studies, prioritizing quality of life outcomes, multidisciplinary team approaches, limited resources, health system gaps, lack of economic analyses, diverse cancer management strategies and priorities, inter‐setting collaboration, research expansion, the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, and unchecked technological advancements. These strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats were described and related to the themes of research, surgical systems strengthening, economics and financing, and political framing of the 2015 Lancet Commission on Global Cancer Surgery. SWOT analyses of global cancer surgery may be helpful in suggesting future strategies for this expanding field.Plain language summary

Cancer surgery is a resource‐intensive yet essential component of cancer care.

In the face of projected growth of cancer burden, the present gap in cancer surgery care in low‐resource settings with stressed health care and surgical infrastructure risks further exacerbation.

We present a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis of recent global cancer surgery literature pertaining to low‐resource settings.
A novel clustering and optimal resource scheduling in vehicular cloud networks using MKMA and the CM‐CSO algorithm
Authors: Ruhin Kouser R. , Manikandan T. 
Published: January 2023

SummaryVarious opportunities aimed at the employment of delay‐sensitive applications in the vehicular environment are presented by the vehicular cloud (VC). Contrary to diverse wireless networks, VC networks possess exceptional features among others, namely, shorter transmission time along with a higher dynamic topology. Although integration with the cloud offers higher storage along with computation capabilities, it as well entails restricted resource availability. The restrictions on the number of resources serve as a challenge in servicing the applications with their necessary quality of service (QoS) guarantees as the number of service requests for applications keeps on augmenting with diverse circumstances. Thus, the need for an effective scheduling methodology arises to decide the sequence of servicing application requests and successful utilization of a broadcast medium, along with data transmission. To do efficient resource scheduling on VC networks, an optimization algorithm, namely, the crossover and mutation (CM)‐centered chicken swarm optimization (CSO) is proposed and implemented with the help of a publicly available dataset. Initially, the VC infrastructure is initialized and some vehicle information is extracted as features. Next, the Brownian motion‐centered bacteria foraging optimization (BM‐BFO) algorithm chooses the essential features. Centered on the chosen features, the vehicles are clustered using the modified K‐means algorithm. Next, as for the cloud server's virtual machines (VMs), the resource information is extracted. Lastly, the CM‐CSO algorithm carries out the optimal scheduling in the VC by means of the clustered features of vehicles and features of the VM. The proposed techniques' findings are scrutinized and analogized to the other prevailing methodologies to confirm that the proposed work performs effectively and gives optimal resource allocation (RA) to the VC.
Improved bat optimization algorithm and enhanced artificial bee colony‐based cluster routing scheme for extending network lifetime in wireless sensor networks
Authors: Janakiraman Sengathir 
Published: January 2023

SummaryIn this paper, improved bat and enhanced artificial bee colony optimization algorithm‐based cluster routing (IBEABCCR) scheme is proposed for optimal cluster head (CH) selection with the merits of global diversity and improved convergence rate. It is proposed for achieving optimal CH selection by balancing the tradeoff between the phases of exploration and exploitation. It specifically targeted on the formulation of an ideal CH selection scheme using improved bat optimization algorithm (IBOA) for minimizing the energy depletion rate. It also focuses on the design of an enhanced artificial bee colony (EABC)‐based sink node mobility scheme for determining the optimal points of deployment over which sink nodes can be moved to achieve better delivery of packets from CH to sink node. This CH selection and sink node mobility schemes are contributed for extending the network lifespan using the fitness function, which adopted the factors of node centrality, node degree, distance amid CH and base station (BS), distance among sensor nodes, and residual energy during CH selection process. The simulation experiments were performed using MATLAB version 2018, which confirmed that the number of alive nodes realized in the network is enhanced by 39.21% with the location of BS positioned at (100, 100). The number of rounds (network lifetime) is enhanced by 23.84% with different BS locations in the network. Furthermore, the packets received at the BS are also realized to be enhanced by 26.32% on an average in contrast to the baseline CH schemes used for investigation.