bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Reliability of Ultrasound Measurement of Plantar Fascia Thickness: A Systematic Review
Authors: Park Young Hwan , Kim Hak Jun , Kim Woon , Choi Jung Woo 
Published: September 2023

Background: Because ultrasound measurement of plantar fascia thickness is widely used in the diagnosis and evaluation of plantar fasciitis, it is important to understand and minimize the errors that occur with this measurement. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and synthesize studies reporting on intrarater and interrater reliability of ultrasound measurement of plantar fascia thickness.
Methods: After comprehensive searches in the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases, 11 studies involving 238 healthy participants and 68 patients with pathologic foot disorders were included.
Results: Seven of 11 studies revealed a low risk of bias. Most of the studies reported good to excellent intrarater and interrater reliability for ultrasound measurement of plantar fascia thickness (intrarater intraclass correlation coefficient [ICC], 0.77–0.98; interrater ICC, 0.76–0.98). In addition, two studies on intrarater reliability and one study on interrater reliability showed moderate reliability (ICCs, 0.65, 0.67, and 0.59, respectively). Overall, the standard error of measurement was less than 5% and did not exceed 7%.
Conclusions: The findings of this review suggest that ultrasound measurement of plantar fascia thickness is reliable in terms of both relative and absolute reliability. Reliability can be optimized by using the average of multiple measurements and an experienced operator.
YENİŞEHİRLİ AVNÎ’NİN “DUYMASUN” REDİFLİ GAZELİNE PSİKANALİTİK EDEBİYAT KURAMI ÇERÇEVESİNDE BAKIŞ
Authors: DEGER Mete Bülent 
Published: September 2023

Bu çalışmada, Klasik Türk Edebiyatı’nda XIX. yüzyılın önemli şairlerinden biri olan Yenişehirli Avnî’nin divanında bulunan “duymasın” redifli gazelin psikanalitik edebiyat kuramı çerçevesinde tahlili konu edilmiştir. Geleneksel şerh yöntemlerinden bağımsız olarak yapılan çalışmada, mezkûr gazel “sanatçıdan hareketle esere psikanalitik edebiyat kuramı çerçevesinde bakış” ve “eserden hareketle sanatçıya psikanalitik edebiyat kuramı çerçevesinde bakış” çerçevesinde iki farklı bakış açısı göz önüne alınarak incelenmiştir. İnceleme sonucunda söz konusu gazelde şairin hayatına dair bilinen unsurların yansımaları ve gazelden hareketle şaire dair tespit edilen unsurlar ortaya konulmuştur. Bu bağlamda gazelde “şairin kekemeliğin gazeldeki yansımaları”, “şairin bedensel zayıflığının gazeldeki yansımaları”, “kendinden kaçış/hissizlik isteğinin gazeldeki yansımaları”, “zıtlıklar ve çelişkilerin gazeldeki yansımaları” ve “ölüm korkusunun gazeldeki yansımaları” tespit edilerek mezkûr başlıklar altında örneklendirilerek irdelenmiştir.
Sonuç olarak bu çalışmanın, divan edebiyatı şairlerinin hayatlarına dair unsurların şiirlerine yansımasını psikanalitik edebiyat kuramı çerçevesinde tespit edilip değerlendirilmesi ve çalışmada izlenen metot bakımından Eski Türk Edebiyatı alanına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
SAHA TÜRKÇESİNDE TAĞIS- “ÇIKMAK” FİİLİNİN TASVİR FİİLİ OLARAK KULLANIMI ÜZERİNE
Authors: ÇOLAK Doğan 
Published: September 2023

Eski Türkçe taşık- “çıkmak” fiili günümüz Türk lehçelerinden sadece Saha Türkçesinde tanıklanmaktadır. Bu fiil, /ş/ ⁓ /k/ metatezi ve takış- > taxıs- > tağıs- ses değişimleri süreci ile bugünkü biçimi olan tağıs- hâlini almıştır. Bu fiil “isim + tağıs-”, “ana fiil + -An zarf-fiili + tağıs-” ve deyim ifadelerinin teşkilinde de kullanılması bakımından birleşik fiil yapılarının yardımcı fiili olarak yaygın bir kullanıma sahiptir.
Bu çalışmada, tasvir fiili olarak tağıs- fiilinin anlamsal ve işlevsel özellikleri ele alınmıştır. Bu fiilin tasvir fiili yapısında kullanımı ile ilgili olarak başta STBUT olmak üzere Saha bilginleri ile Türkiye’de konuyla ilgili çalışmalar yapan araştırmacıların görüşleri ele alınıp tağıs- fiilin tasvir fiili yapısında ifade ettiği anlamlar belirlenmiştir. Ardından bu fiilinin tasvir fiili olarak kullanıldığı işlevlerle ile ilgili Saha edebiyatından seçilen eserler üzerinden örnekler tespit edilmiştir ve elde edilen tüm bulgular sonuç kısmında yorumlanmıştır.
ÖZBEK TÜRKÇESİNDE NOKTALAMA İŞARETLERİNİN KULLANIMI
Authors: ILDIRI Nursan 
Published: September 2023

Konuşma dilinde daha doğru ve etkili bir anlatımın gerçekleşmesi için vurgu ve tonlamalardan faydalanılırken yazı dilinde bu işlevi karşılamak üzere noktalama işaretleri kullanılmaktadır. Bu işaretlerin kullanımı dilin bütün gramer aşamalarıyla yakından ilgilidir. Hem fonetik hem morfolojik hem de sintaktik kurallara göre gerçekleştirilen uygulamalar da semantik yapının da etkili olduğu bilinmektedir. Özbek Türkçesinde “punktiatsiya” dışında “ishorat qoidalari” başlığı altında da incelenen noktalama işaretleri kullanım şekillerine göre sınırlandırıcı (chegaralovchi) ve ayırıcı (ajratuvchi); kullanım yerlerine göre ise cümlenin sonunda (gap oxirida), cümle içinde (gap ichida), karışık olarak (aralash holda) kullanım şeklinde sınıflandırılmıştır. Makalede noktalama işaretleri ile ilgili belirlenen temel kurallar çerçevesinde bu işaretlerin Özbek Türkçesindeki kullanımları üzerinde durulmuştur.
Özbek Türkçesinde 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren Latin alfabesine geçişle daha düzenli bir görünüm arz eden noktama işaretleri bir metnin daha doğru ve etkili bir şekilde okuyucuya aktarılmasında önemli bir işleve sahiptir. Dilbilimin “punktuatsiya/yazım bilimi” adlı alt dalının inceleme konusu olan noktalama işaretleri Özbek Türkçesi gramerlerinde “tiniq belgilari” terimiyle karşılanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, noktalama işaretlerinin Özbek Türkçesindeki kullanımlarıyla ilgili tarihsel süreç hakkında kısaca bilgi verilmiş, her bir noktalama işaretinin kullanım alanları izah edilmiş, açıklamalara uygun örnekler Türkiye Türkçesine aktarılmış ve aktarımlarda, noktalama işaretleri Türkiye Türkçesindeki kullanımlarına uygun bir şekilde dikkatlere sunulmuştur.
PİERRE BOURDİEU'NÜN HABİTUS, SERMAYE VE ALAN KAVRAMLARI ÇERÇEVESİNDE DEDE KORKUT HİKÂYELERİ’NE YENİ BİR BAKIŞ
Authors: EDİS AYDOĞAN Sahra İpek 
Published: September 2023

20. yüzyılın önde gelen düşünürlerinden biri olan Pierre Bourdieu, sosyal bilimler alanına yeni kavramlar kazandırmasının yanında mevcut kavramların kapsamını da genişletmiştir. Bourdieu, her kavram ve kuramın incelenen olgu ve olaya göre açıklayıcılığının değişebileceği varsayımından yola çıkarak kavramlar arasındaki ikiliklere eleştirel bir bakış açısı getirmiştir. Bourdieu’nun alan, habitus ve sermaye kavramları neden ve sonuç arasında iki yönlü, dönüşlü dairesel ilişkiler kurarak sosyal bilimlerde eylemin kendisini tetikleyen etmenleri anlamlandırmaya çalışır.
Bu çalışmada, Bourdeiu'nun sosyal bilimler alanındaki ikiliklere müdahaleye dayalı anlayışıyla geliştirdiği alan, habitus ve sermaye gibi kavramların edebî metinleri anlamlandırmada ve yorumlamada etkili olduğunu ortaya koymak amaçlanmaktadır. Çalışma, Bourdeiu'nun bu kavramlarıyla yapılacak yeni edebî incelemelere de kapı aralamaktadır.
Assessment of Nutritional Status and Drug Abuse among Street Children of Dhaka City in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Islam Khaleda , Ali Md. Ishahaque , Jahan Israt , Sadia Humaira , Ahmed Eyad 
Published: September 2023

Background: Street children are often deprived of the basic human rights in our society and hence they suffer from various forms of malnutrition and usually get addicted to different drugs.
Objective: The current study aimed to assess the nutritional status and drug abuse of the street children of Dhaka city.
Methodology: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study with randomly selected 100 street children (51 male and 49 female) aged three to fifteen years old from Dhaka city between the timeframe of January, 2016 to June, 2016. Data was collected by face-to-face interview with a pre-tested questionnaire involving their socio-economic data, nutritional status and information concerning drug abuse. Data analysis was conducted by IBM SPSS version 20.0, WHO Anthro and WHO Anthro Plus software. Various descriptive statistics like mean±SD, frequency, percentage along with binary logistic regression analysis was performed for the current study.
Results: The respondents’ mean age was 9±3 years. Majority of the street children (92%) knew about their mother’s identity whereas about 35% of them did not know about their father’s identity. Their monthly income ranged from one thousand BDT to three-thousand five hundred BDT. The study showed that about 47% of respondents were stunted, and nearly 58% were underweight. It was also found that about 82% of the respondents were drug abusers. However, about 45% were addicted to cigarette smoking and 24% were having marijuana in regular basis. Significant association was found between drug abuse and underweight status (AOR=1.27, p=.038) but no association was found between stunting rate and drug abuse of the respondents (AOR=1.03, p=.670).
Conclusion: Appropriate measures ought to be taken to enhance the nutritional status and reducing the rate of drug abuse among this segment of our population to secure a productive and healthy adult life for them in the future. Further large scale research is recommended to explore the determinants of the nutritional status and their drug abuse in Dhaka City.
RADIO-APU
Authors: Gomez Sanchez Arely  Amaut 
Published: September 2023

La radio-Apu transmite desde el ecosistema frágil de las Lomas de Lúcumo ubicado en el Centro Poblado Rural Quebrada Verde, al margen derecho del río Lurín en el distrito ancestral Pachakamak, Lima, Perú. Radio-Apu, sintoniza a las entidades protectoras de las Lomas de Lúcumo, recordamos que Apu tutela la biodiversidad de nuestro contexto, a la vez lo que conocemos es dónde se encuentra: está en Pachakamak muy cerca del Oráculo de Pachakamak, santuario en la costa de Lima frente al océano Pacífico. En radio-Apu, la estación radial es el territorio mismo, la señal es el momento de comunicación y escucha recíproca con las lomas, con el Apu y la comunidad humana y más-que-humana. Lo que nos sugiere la escucha es sintonizar con la pacha del recordar y aprender de cómo conversamos con el territorio, con sus ciclos, señales visibles y no tan visibles.
El aprendizaje propone darnos a conocer la biodiversidad de las lomas de lúcumo para su conservación y su regeneración, tomando conciencia que las actividades humanas perjudican su biodiversidad cómo la minera, invasiones de terreno sin consulta previa, la sequía entre otras. Cuando estamos en las lomas y estudiamos sus saberes nos preguntamos al retornar a las aulas qué nos hace falta dentro de la escuela para aprender y enseñar desde la recuperación de saberes ancestrales, el respeto y Buen Vivir urbano. Qué apertura el estudio relacional de la radio-Apu, el territorio ancestral y urbano en Pachakamak? ¿Cuáles son los pilares del aprendizaje en la escuela de la urbe y por qué dificulta el relacionamiento con el territorio?.
Gender Bias and Ophthalmology Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Milestones Evaluations
Authors: Huh Dana D. , Yamazaki Kenji , Holmboe Eric , Bartley George B. , Schnabel Sarah D. , Levine Rachel B. , Srikumaran Divya 
Published: September 2023

ImportanceWomen remain underrepresented in ophthalmology and gender-based disparities exist in salary, grant receipt, publication rates, and surgical volume throughout training and in practice. Although studies in emergency medicine and general surgery showed mixed findings regarding gender differences in Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Milestones ratings, limited data exist examining such differences within ophthalmology.ObjectiveTo examine gender differences in ophthalmology ACGME Milestones.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a retrospective cross-sectional study of postgraduate year 4 (PGY-4) residents from 120 ophthalmology programs graduating in 2019.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPGY-4 midyear and year-end medical knowledge (MK) and patient care (PC) ratings and Written Qualifying Examination (WQE) scaled scores for residents graduating in 2019 were included. Differential prediction techniques using Generalized Estimating Equations models were performed to identify differences by gender.ResultsOf 452 residents (median [IQR] age, 30.0 [29.0-32.0] years), 275 (61%) identified as men and 177 (39%) as women. There were no differences in PC domain average between women and men for both midyear (−0.07; 95% CI, −0.11 to 0; P =.06) and year-end (−0.04; 95% CI, −0.07 to 0.03; P =.51) assessment periods. For the MK domain average in the midyear assessment period, women (mean [SD], 3.76 [0.50]) were rated lower than men (mean [SD], 3.88 [0.47]; P = .006) with a difference in mean of −0.12 (95% CI, −0.18 to −0.03). For the year-end assessment, however, the average MK ratings were not different for women (mean [SD], 4.10 [0.47]) compared with men (mean [SD], 4.18 [0.47]; P = .20) with a difference in mean of −0.08 (95% CI, −0.13 to 0.03).Conclusions and RelevanceResults suggest that ACGME ophthalmology Milestones in 2 general competencies did not demonstrate major gender bias on a national level at the time of graduation. There were, however, differences in MK ratings at the midyear mark, and as low ratings on evaluations and examinations may adversely affect career opportunities for trainees, it is important to continue further work examining other competencies or performance measures for potential biases.
You won't believe it! Truth judgments for clickbait headlines benefit (but less so) from prior exposure
Authors: Béna Jérémy , Rouard Martin , Corneille Olivier 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn two high‐powered experiments, we investigated how prior exposure to statements presented in a clickbait format increases the perceived truth of their content. In Experiment 1 (N = 241), we hypothesized and found that prior exposure increased the proportion of “true” judgments for both non‐clickbait and clickbait content, but with a reduced effect of prior exposure for statements originally presented in a clickbait format. In Experiment 2 (N = 291), turning to continuous ratings, we found higher truth ratings for repeated than new clickbait statements, even when repetition evidently originated from prior exposure to clickbait statements. The present findings suggest that exposure to clickbait headlines can increase their content's truth judgments despite their overall lack of credibility, although to a lesser extent than for more regular statements. The present research additionally supports an implausibility account rather than a source memory account of the truth effect with clickbait statements.
Pseudocapacitance of Bimetallic Solid‐Solution MXene for Supercapacitors with Enhanced Electrochemical Energy Storage
Authors: He Zhiquan , Yao Li , Guo Wei , Sun Nana , Wang Fadi , Wang Yuhang , Wang Rongming , Wang Fengping 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMXenes, a family of 2D transition metal carbides, are considered promising high‐rate pseudocapacitive materials because of their metallic‐like conductivity and transition metal oxide‐like surfaces. Currently, nearly 50 stoichiometric MXenes have been synthesized. However, only a few MXenes, such as Ti3C2, have shown stable pseudocapacitive charge storage so far. Further improving the inherent pseudocapacitance of MXenes without losing their cyclability remains a challenge. Herein, a mild method is reported to produce highly stable bimetallic solid‐solution MXene Ti2VC2 using a solution of potassium fluoride and hydrochloric acid. The electrochemical properties of resulting multilayered clay‐like and delaminated Ti2VC2 films are investigated, exceeding the performance of typical Ti3C2 in acidic electrolytes. These electrodes deliver up to 2000 F cm−3 and retain more than 90% of their initial capacitance after 20 000 cycles, surpassing most state‐of‐the‐art supercapacitor materials known. The pseudocapacitive charge storage of Ti2VC2 is deeply investigated through in situ and ex situ experimental studies, confirmed the pseudocapacitive mechanism is a combination of hydrated H+ intercalation and surface redox. This work provides a practical route toward future rational design on the atomic scale for high‐performance pseudocapacitive materials.
Ultrastable Sodium/Potassium Metal Anode Enabled by a Multifunctional Interphase Layer with Enhanced Ion Transport Kinetics
Authors: Yu Huili , Jiang Daochuan , Cheng Xiaolong , Lu Peng , Li Shikuo , Zhang Hui , Jiang Yu , Huang Fangzhi 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNa (K) metal batteries (NMB and KMB) have gained tremendous attention as large‐scale energy storage systems because of their high specific capacity, low working potential, and natural abundance. However, severe Na dendrite growth hinders the practical application of Na (K) anode. Here, a multifunctional interphase layer consisting of fast‐ion conductive Na–Bi (K–Bi) alloy and sodiophilic (potassiophilic) Na3VO4 (K3VO4) phases, which i derived from a spontaneous reaction (denoted as BVO@Na or BVO@K), is proposed and prepared. The designed electrode exhibits enhanced ion transport kinetics and homogenous Na (K) deposition behavior, and finally achieving dendrite‐free Na (K) growth. Accordingly, the BVO@Na displays a high Na plating/stripping reversibility of 960 h at 1.0 mA cm−2, 1.0 mAh cm−2, and the BVO@K electrode can be operated a cycle lifespan of 870 h under 1.0 mA cm−2, 2.0 mAh cm−2 in symmetric cells. In BVO@Na||Na3V2(PO4)3 full battery, it shows remarkable cycling stability (91% of capacity retention after 1900 cycles) and a high energy density of 281 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 16.2 kW kg−1. The findings lend credence to the prospect of the multifunctional interface layer contributing to the design of a protective layer for alkali metal anodes.
Self‐Assembly of Semiconductor Nanoplatelets into Stacks Directly in Aqueous Solution
Authors: Graf Rebecca T. , Tran Kevin , Rosebrock Marina , Borg Hadir , Schlenkrich Jakob , Lübkemann‐Warwas Franziska , Renz Franz , Dorfs Dirk , Bigall Nadja C. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSince their discovery, cadmium chalcogenide nanoplatelets (NPLs) gained a lot of interest, not only due to their beneficial characteristic, but also because of their high affinity to self‐assemble into ordered stacks. Interestingly, the stacks showed both the properties of the single NPLs and new collective features, such as charge carrier transport within the stacks. Until now, the stacking was, to the best of the knowledge, only performed in non‐polar media mostly through the addition of antisolvents with higher polarity. Due to the fact, that many applications (e.g., photocatalysis) or procedures (such as gelation) occur in water, a route to self‐assemble stacks directly in aqueous solution is needed. In this work a new synthesis route is thus introduced to produce stacks directly in aqueous media. The NPLs are phase transferred with mercaptocarboxylic acids to an aqueous KOH solution followed by an addition of less polar antisolvents to initialize the stacking (e.g., tetrahydrofuran). Furthermore, a mechanism of the stacking as well as four possible driving forces involved in the process are proposed supported by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, infrared spectroscopy, and x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements.
Surface Grafted N‐Oxides have Low‐Fouling and Antibacterial Properties
Authors: Burmeister Nils , Zorn Eilika , Farooq Aneeq , Preuss Lena , Vollstedt Christel , Friedrich Timo , Mantel Tomi , Scharnagl Nico , Rohnke Marcus , Ernst Mathias , Wicha Sebastian G. , Streit Wolfgang R. , Maison Wolfgang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLow‐fouling materials are often generated by surface zwitterionization with polymers. In this context, poly‐N‐oxides have recently attracted considerable attention as biomimetic stealth coatings with low protein adsorption. Herein, this study reports that poly‐N‐oxides can be grafted from plasma‐activated plastic base materials. The resulting hydrophilic surfaces have low‐fouling properties in bacterial suspensions and suppress the formation of biofilms. Moreover, efficient antibacterial activity against Gram‐negative and Gram‐positive bacteria caused by release of reactive oxygen species is observed. The latter effect is specific for polymeric N‐oxides and is most likely triggered by a reductive activation of the N‐oxide functionality in the presence of bacteria. In contrast to other zwitterionic polymers, N‐oxides combine thus low‐fouling (stealth) properties with antibacterial activity. The bioactive N‐oxide groups can be regenerated after use by common oxidative disinfectants. Poly‐N‐oxides are thus attractive antibacterial coatings for many base materials with a unique combined mechanism of action.
LncRNA BCCE4 Genetically Enhances the PD‐L1/PD‐1 Interaction in Smoking‐Related Bladder Cancer by Modulating miR‐328‐3p‐USP18 Signaling
Authors: Zheng Rui , Gao Fang , Mao Zhenguang , Xiao Yanping , Yuan Lin , Huang Zhengkai , Lv Qiang , Qin Chao , Du Mulong , Zhang Zhengdong , Wang Meilin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIdentification of cancer‐associated variants, especially those in functional regions of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), has become an essential task in tumor etiology. However, the genetic function of lncRNA variants involved in bladder cancer susceptibility remains poorly understood. Herein, it is identified that the rs62483508 G > A variant in microRNA response elements (MREs) of lncRNA Bladder cancer Cell Cytoplasm‐Enriched abundant transcript 4 (BCCE4) is significantly associated with decreased bladder cancer risk (odds ratio = 0.84, P = 7.33 × 10−8) in the Chinese population (3603 cases and 4986 controls) but not in the European population. The protective genetic effect of the rs62483508 A allele is found in smokers or cigarette smoke‐related carcinogen 4‐aminobiphenyl (4‐ABP) exposure. Subsequent biological experiments reveal that the A allele of rs62483508 disrupts the binding affinity of miR‐328‐3p to facilitate USP18 from miRNA‐mediated degradation and thus specifically attenuates the downstream PD‐L1/PD‐1 interaction. LncRNA BCCE4 is also enriched in exosomes from bladder cancer plasma, tissues, and cells. This comprehensive study clarifies the genetic mechanism of lncRNA BCCE4 in bladder cancer susceptibility and its role in the regulation of the immune response in tumorigenesis. The findings provide a valuable predictor of bladder cancer risk that can facilitate diagnosis and prevention.
A Mechanically Resilient and Tissue‐Conformable Hydrogel with Hemostatic and Antibacterial Capabilities for Wound Care
Authors: Park Jae , Kim Tae Young , Kim Yeonju , An Soohwan , Kim Kyeong Seok , Kang Minkyong , Kim Soo A , Kim Jayoung , Lee Joonseok , Cho Seung‐Woo , Seo Jungmok 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHydrogels are used in wound dressings because of their tissue‐like softness and biocompatibility. However, the clinical translation of hydrogels remains challenging because of their long‐term stability, water swellability, and poor tissue adhesiveness. Here, tannic acid (TA) is introduced into a double network (DN) hydrogel consisting of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) to realize a tough, self‐healable, nonswellable, conformally tissue‐adhesive, hemostatic, and antibacterial hydrogel. The TA within the DN hydrogel forms a dynamic network, enabling rapid self‐healing (within 5 min) and offering effective energy dissipation for toughness and viscoelasticity. Furthermore, the hydrophobic moieties of TA provide a water‐shielding effect, rendering the hydrogel nonswellable. A simple chemical modification to the hydrogel further strengthens its interfacial adhesion with tissues (shear strength of ≈31 kPa). Interestingly, the TA also can serve as an effective hemostatic (blood‐clotting index of 58.40 ± 1.5) and antibacterial component, which are required for a successful wound dressing. The antibacterial effects of the hydrogel are tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Finally, the hydrogel is prepared in patch form and applied to a mouse model to test in vivo biocompatibility and hemostatic performances.