bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Promotion of glyoxylic acid penetration into human hair by glycolic acid
Authors: Uyama Makoto , Okabe Shinya , Kurashima Takumi , Kurinobu Rie , Takechi Miwa , Yoshiba Ryo , Miyoshi Rina , Noda Seigi , Kaneko Mio , Ikemoto Yuka , Takahara Atsushi , Higaki Yuji , Hama Tetsuya 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveGlyoxylic acid (GA) is widely used as a straight perming agent for hair care products, however, advanced GA penetration‐enhancing agents are desired due to the peculiar odour and hair colour fading caused by the continuous use of GA products. Hence, it is important to develop a penetration‐enhancing agent that helps minimize the GA concentration. We have found that the combined use of GA and glycolic acid (GCA) has a strong hair straightening effect.MethodsStraightening hair test was carried out to the evaluation of the effect of additives. Liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry (LC/MS) was performed to quantify the GA penetration amount into human hair. Attenuated total reflection (ATR) Fourier transform‐infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR) and FT‐IR microscope were implemented to estimate the localization of GA in the hair.ResultsStraightening hair tests indicated that the hair straightening effect by GA was enhanced by the presence of GCA. LC/MS results showed that the addition of GCA enhanced the amount of GA that penetrated human hair by about four times. ATR FT‐IR and FT‐IR microscope measurements indicated that GA was localized more in the innermost region of hair (medulla) than the cortex and cuticle. The GA accumulated in the medulla disappeared after a hair straightener treatment at 180°C due to the chemical reaction.ConclusionsThe GA penetration‐enhancing effect of GCA is worth investigating to reduce the GA concentration in products for more comfortable use.
Effect of Na2SiO3 concentration on corrosion resistance and wear resistance of MAO ceramic film on the Al‐Mg‐Sc alloy
Authors: Wu Mingjin , Jiang Feng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlthough Al‐Mg‐Sc alloy was widely applied to aviation aerospace field, they were vulnerable to local corrosion and wear in the process of long‐term service in severe environmental conditions. In this paper, micro‐arc oxidation (MAO) ceramic films on Al‐Mg‐Sc alloy substrate were prepared in electrolyte solutions with different Na2SiO3 concentrations, and the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the MAO samples were studied. The experimental results of potentiodynamic polarization (PDS) and long‐term immersion tests indicated that the MAO ceramic film prepared in 10 g/L Na2SiO3 electrolyte solution had the best corrosion resistance, as manifested by no obvious cracks, serious collapse and corrosion products on the sample surface and no deep cracks and corrosion paths in the cross‐sectional area. The increase of Na2SiO3 concentration in electrolyte solution also improved the wear resistance of MAO ceramic film, as manifested by low wear depth (10 μm)and width (1 mm) of the MAO ceramic film prepared in 10 g/L Na2SiO3 electrolyte solution against GCr15 steel ball. Studies in mechanisms suggested that as the Na2SiO3 concentration in the electrolyte increased, the MAO ceramic film became denser, which could prevent the penetration of corrosive medium, promote the generation of the anti‐wear layer with SiO2 as the main component to enhance the wear resistance. MAO ceramic film formed in Na2SiO3 electrolyte solution provided good protective performance for Al‐Mg‐Sc alloy in the corrosion and wear conditions, which had a broader application prospect.
Layered immunity and layered leukemogenicity: Developmentally restricted mechanisms of pediatric leukemia initiation
Authors: Mendoza‐Castrejon Jonny , Magee Jeffrey A. 
Published: January 2023

SummaryHematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and multipotent progenitor cells (MPPs) arise in successive waves during ontogeny, and their properties change significantly throughout life. Ontological changes in HSCs/MPPs underlie corresponding changes in mechanisms of pediatric leukemia initiation. As HSCs and MPPs progress from fetal to neonatal, juvenile and adult stages of life, they undergo transcriptional and epigenetic reprogramming that modifies immune output to meet age‐specific pathogenic challenges. Some immune cells arise exclusively from fetal HSCs/MPPs. We propose that this layered immunity instructs cell fates that underlie a parallel layered leukemogenicity. Indeed, some pediatric leukemias, such as juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia, myeloid leukemia of Down syndrome, and infant pre‐B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, are age‐restricted. They only present during infancy or early childhood. These leukemias likely arise from fetal progenitors that lose competence for transformation as they age. Other childhood leukemias, such as non‐infant pre‐B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia, have mutation profiles that are common in childhood but rare in morphologically similar adult leukemias. These differences could reflect temporal changes in mechanisms of mutagenesis or changes in how progenitors respond to a given mutation at different ages. Interactions between leukemogenic mutations and normal developmental switches offer potential targets for therapy.
Model and efficient algorithm for the portfolio selection problem with real‐world constraints under value‐at‐risk measure
Authors: Hooshmand F. , Anoushirvani Z. , MirHassani S.A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractValue‐at‐risk (VaR) is a widely acceptable risk measure in finance and particularly, in the portfolio selection problem (PSP). However, due to the non‐convexity, its incorporation into an optimization model makes it challenging and difficult to solve. Hence, the development of iterative‐based heuristic algorithms (IBHAs) utilizing the problem structure would be valuable. The existing IBHAs are either inefficient in terms of solution quality and running time or are just applicable to solve simple PSPs without any real‐world constraint (i.e., cardinality, position size, and transaction cost constraints). To overcome these shortcomings, in this paper, we present a novel IBHA to efficiently solve the PSP with real‐world constraints under VaR measure. Our method is based on iterative resolution of two restricted versions of the original model in which some of the binary variables utilized in the formulation of VaR measure are fixed at specific values. Computational experiments over real‐world instances indicate that not only the running time of our algorithm is short, but also its solution quality is much better than the existing IBHAs in 97% of instances with an average improvement of about 10%.
Electrostatic energy storage performances of La(Ni2/3Ta1/3)O3‐modified Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 lead‐free ceramics
Authors: Weng Nan , Zhang Ji , Wang Jiajia , Pan Tianze , Wang Jing , Wang Yaojin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCeramic capacitors with high electrostatic energy storage performances have captured much research interest in latest years. Sodium bismuth titanate (Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3)‐based ferroelectric ceramics show great potential due to their environment‐friendly composition, high polarization, and excellent relaxor properties. However, the nonergodic relaxor state of Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3‐based ceramics hampers the decrement of remanent polarization, leading to poor energy storage performance. Herein, the (1 − x)Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–xLa(Ni2/3Ta1/3)O3 ceramics were designed to generate the transformation between nonergodic and ergodic relaxor state. As a result, the ceramics exhibit improved dielectric relaxation, slim polarization–electric field loops, and flattened current–electric field curves due to highly dynamic polar nanoregions. Particularly, the 0.85Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–0.15La(Ni2/3Ta1/3)O3 ceramics show large breakdown electric field Eb (345 kV/cm), high recoverable energy density Wrec (3.6 J/cm3), and efficiency η (80.6%), revealing potential applications in electrostatic energy storage.
Sintering temperature–induced structural transition in LaCrO3‐based conducting oxides synthesized from nano‐powders
Authors: Liu Zenghui , Xu Jun , Zhai Junni , Guo Zhixuan , Wan Hongyan , Xue Tao , Li Jingrui , Niu Gang , Shi Peng , Wang Lingyan , Ren Wei , Tian Bian , Liu Hongzhong , Jiang Zhuangde , Ye Zuo‐Guang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPreparation condition plays a critical role in the structure and properties of ceramics. However, exactly how it affects lanthanum chromate (LaCrO3)‐based conducting oxides remains poorly understood. In this work, the effects of sintering temperature on the crystal structure, microstructure, and electrical conductivity of pure and Sr2+‐/Ca2+‐substituted LaCrO3 ceramics have been investigated. It is found that the calcining temperature can be reduced by 200–300 K to obtain a single‐perovskite structure by using nano‐powders as raw materials. A sintering temperature–induced structural transition from orthorhombic Pbnm phase to rhombohedral phase is found in La0.8Sr0.2CrO3, and the possible mechanism is attributed to a thermally induced transformation of the thermodynamic metastable orthorhombic to stable rhombohedral phase after thermal treatment at higher temperatures. The electrical conductivity in a broad temperature range (from room temperature up to 1923 K) is measured. The conductivity increases with the elevated sintering temperature and soaking time, and it shows a remarkable enhancement by introducing the Sr and Ca ions. These results suggest that the sintering temperature should be well controlled and optimized to obtain desired crystal structure and electrical conductivity in LaCrO3‐based materials for various applications.
Building feature‐based machine learning regression to quantify urban material stocks: A Hong Kong study
Authors: Yuan Liang , Lu Weisheng , Xue Fan , Li Maosu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractUrban material stock (UMS) represents elegant thinking by perceiving cities as a repository of construction materials that can be reused in the future, rather than a burdensome generator of construction and demolition waste. Many studies have attempted to quantify UMS but they often fall short in accuracy, primarily owing to the lack of proper quantification methods or good data available at a micro level. This research aims to develop a simple but satisfactory model for UMS quantification by focusing on individual buildings. Generally, it is a “bottom‐up” approach that uses building features to proximate the material stocks of individual buildings. The research benefits from a set of valuable, “post‐mortem” ground truth data related to 71 buildings that have been demolished in Hong Kong. By comparing a series of machine learning‐based models, a multiple linear regression model with six building features, namely building type, building year, height, perimeter, total floor area, and total floor number, is found to yield a satisfactory estimate of building material stocks with a mean absolute percentage error of 9.1%, root‐mean‐square error of 474.13, and R‐square of 0.93. The major contribution of this research is to predict a building's material stock based on several easy‐to‐obtain building features. The methodology of machine learning regression is novel. The model provides a useful reference for quantifying UMS in other regions. Future explorations are recommended to calibrate the model when data in these regions is available.
New developments and concepts in the diagnosis and management of diabetes insipidus (AVP‐deficiency and resistance)
Authors: Angelousi Anna , Alexandraki Krystallenia I. , Mytareli Chrysoula , Grossman Ashley B. , Kaltsas Gregory 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDiabetes insipidus (DI) is a disorder characterised by the excretion of large amounts of hypotonic urine, with a prevalence of 1 per 25,000 population. Central DI (CDI), better now referred to as arginine vasopressin (AVP)‐deficiency, is the most common form of DI resulting from deficiency of the hormone AVP from the pituitary. The less common nephrogenic DI (NDI) or AVP‐resistance develops secondary to AVP resistance in the kidneys. The majority of causes of DI are acquired, with CDI developing when more than 80% of AVP‐secreting neurons are damaged. Inherited/familial CDI causes account for approximately 1% of cases. Although the pathogenesis of NDI is unclear, more than 280 disease‐causing mutations affecting the AVP2 protein or AVP V2 receptor, as well as in aquaporin 2 (AQP2), have been described. Although the cAMP/protein kinase A pathway remains the major regulatory pathway of AVP/AQP2 action, in vitro data have also revealed additional cAMP independent pathways of NDI pathogenesis. Diagnosing partial forms of DI, and distinguishing them from primary polydipsia, can be challenging, previously necessitating the use of the water deprivation test. However, measurements of circulating copeptin levels, especially after stimulation, are increasingly replacing the classical tests in clinical practice because of their ease of use and high sensitivity and specificity. The treatment of CDI relies on desmopressin administration, whereas NDI requires the management of any underlying diseases, removal of offending drugs and, in some cases, administration of diuretics. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of DI has led to novel evolving therapeutic agents that are under clinical trial.
Effects of fermented broccoli stem and leaf residue on growth performance, serum characteristics and meat quality of growing pigs
Authors: Sun Hong , Qian Zhongcang , Wu Yifei , Tang Jiangwu , Shen Qi , Li Jiahui , Yao Xiaohong , Wang Xin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of fermented broccoli stem and leaf residue (FBR) on the growth performance, serum biochemical characteristics, and meat quality of growing pigs. A total of 72 growing pigs (Durox × Landrace × Yorkshire) were subjected to three dietary treatments with different levels (0%, 5% and 10%) of FBR with three replicates for an experimental period of 70 day. The average daily feed intake of growing pigs was higher (p < 0.05) in the 5% FBR treatment compared with the control group (0% FBR). The serum urea nitrogen content in growing pigs was lower (p < 0.05) in the 5% and 10% FBR treatments. The lightness value was higher (p < 0.05) in the longissimus dorsi muscle of pigs fed 5% and 10% FBR diets compared with the control group, and the yellowness value was increased in pigs fed the 10% FBR diet compared with pigs fed the control diet. Overall, the beneficial effects of FBR supplementation on serum biochemical parameters, and meat colour without undermining the growth performance indicate that up to 10% FBR could be used in diets to enhance the production of growing pigs.
The fusion crust of the Winchcombe meteorite: A preserved record of atmospheric entry processes
Authors: Genge Matthew J. , Alesbrook Luke , Almeida Natasha V. , Bates Helena C. , Bland Phil A. , Boyd Mark R. , Burchell Mark J. , Collins Gareth S. , Cornwell Luke T. , Daly Luke , Devillepoix Hadrien A. R. , van Ginneken Matthias , Greshake Ansgar , Hallatt Daniel , Hamann Christopher , Hecht Lutz , Jenkins Laura E. , Johnson Diane , Jones Rosie , King Ashley J. , Mansour Haithem , McMullan Sarah , Mitchell Jennifer T. , Rollinson Gavyn , Russell Sara S. , Schröder Christian , Stephen Natasha R. , Suttle Martin D. , Tandy Jon D. , Trimby Patrick , Sansom Eleanor K. , Spathis Vassilia , Willcocks Francesca M. , Wozniakiewicz Penelope J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFusion crusts form during the atmospheric entry heating of meteorites and preserve a record of the conditions that occurred during deceleration in the atmosphere. The fusion crust of the Winchcombe meteorite closely resembles that of other stony meteorites, and in particular CM2 chondrites, since it is dominated by olivine phenocrysts set in a glassy mesostasis with magnetite, and is highly vesicular. Dehydration cracks are unusually abundant in Winchcombe. Failure of this weak layer is an additional ablation mechanism to produce large numbers of particles during deceleration, consistent with the observation of pulses of plasma in videos of the Winchcombe fireball. Calving events might provide an observable phenomenon related to meteorites that are particularly susceptible to dehydration. Oscillatory zoning is observed within olivine phenocrysts in the fusion crust, in contrast to other meteorites, perhaps owing to temperature fluctuations resulting from calving events. Magnetite monolayers are found in the crust, and have also not been previously reported, and form discontinuous strata. These features grade into magnetite rims formed on the external surface of the crust and suggest the trapping of surface magnetite by collapse of melt. Magnetite monolayers may be a feature of meteorites that undergo significant degassing. Silicate warts with dendritic textures were observed and are suggested to be droplets ablated from another stone in the shower. They, therefore, represent the first evidence for intershower transfer of ablation materials and are consistent with the other evidence in the Winchcombe meteorite for unusually intense gas loss and ablation, despite its low entry velocity.
Donor‐specific antibodies after heart transplantation for Fontan‐associated protein‐losing enteropathy
Authors: Magnetta Defne A. , Hoch Virginia L. , Pinelli David , Monge Michael , Pahl Elfriede , Thrush Philip T. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite ubiquitous exposure to sensitizing events, most Fontan PLE patients have low panel reactive antibodies (PRA). To assess whether they are at risk for donor‐specific antibody (DSA) memory response following heart transplantation (HT) when their PLE resolves, DSA profiles, incidence of rejection, and graft outcomes in Fontan recipients with and without PLE were compared.MethodsPatient characteristics, appearance of newly detected DSA (nDSA), and graft outcomes were compared between patients with and without PLE using Wilcoxon rank‐sum and Chi‐squared tests. DSA burden was quantified using titers and time to nDSA, incidence of rejection, and graft outcomes were compared using Kaplan–Meier curves and the log‐rank test.ResultsCharacteristics of patients with and without PLE were similar. Lymphocyte and albumin levels were lower in the PLE group, and flow PRA were comparable. Graft failure, CAV, and ACR were similar between the two groups, but AMR occurred more frequently in the PLE group (p = .03). Nearly 50% of PLE patients experienced class II nDSA by 1‐year post‐HT, compared to 30% of non‐PLE patients, but this difference was statistically not significant. Antibody burden did not differ between groups.ConclusionsIn this cohort, PLE was associated with AMR within the first‐year post‐HT, despite no significant difference in nDSA. Small patient numbers limited statistical comparison of nDSA in this cohort. PLE may be a risk factor for AMR post‐HT, and the possibility of a clinically important DSA memory response remains. Larger studies are necessary to better understand these preliminary findings.
A positive correlation between daily spiritual practice and reduced depressive symptoms among older adults: evidence from a nationally representative survey among the Indian population
Authors: Muhammad T. , Sulaiman KM. , Ansari Salmaan 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThis study explored the factors associated with daily spiritual experiences of older adults and the association of daily spiritual experiences with major depressive disorder among older Indian adults.MethodsData for this study were derived from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India (LASI) wave‐1. The sample size was 31 464 older adults age 60 years and above. Daily spiritual experience was assessed from four items (Cronbach's alpha: 0.89) adapted from the daily spiritual experience scale (DSES). Major depressive disorder was calculated using the Short Form Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI‐SF). Descriptive, bivariate and multivariable forward stepwise logistic regression analyses were conducted to fulfil the objectives of the study.ResultsA proportion of 87.46% of older adults reported daily spiritual experiences in the study. Women had higher odds of spiritual experiences than men (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.243; confidence interval (CI): 1.041–1.484). Older adults with higher education, those who were retired, those who reported community involvement or were physically active or belonged to the richest wealth quintile had higher odds of having daily spiritual experiences in comparison to older adults from the poorest wealth quintile. Further, older adults with daily spiritual experiences had significantly lower odds of major depressive disorder (aOR: 0.810; CI: 0.681–0.964) than older adults who did not report daily spiritual experiences.ConclusionThe study suggests that daily spiritual practices can be a strategy to reduce major depressive symptoms and improve mental health and wellbeing of older adults, and future studies are warranted on this direction.
Do Citizens Judge Health Experts Through a Partisan Lens? Evidence from a Factorial Survey Experiment
Authors: Hanimann Anina 
Published: January 2023

AbstractScholars have claimed that right‐wing citizens are more skeptical about experts than left‐wing citizens. This article, however, argues that depending on their party affiliation, citizens prefer certain kinds of expertise over others. I confronted Swiss adults (N = 2,465) with individual risk advice on either flu vaccination or colorectal cancer screening. The quote varied regarding the expert providing the advice (e.g., academic, administration, or corporation) and the degree of policy advocacy. The citizens then assessed the experts' credibility and their own behavioral intention (e.g., get a flu shot). Citizens across the political spectrum are more likely to positively evaluate experts who represent institutions aligned with their beliefs. Moreover, right‐wing citizens are more skeptical about experts who advocate for specific policies than their left‐wing counterparts. This study underscores the need for a better understanding of how partisanship affects expert perceptions to manage health policy problems and other science‐based issues.
Low dose or very low dose phenylephrine and cyclopentolate microdrops for retinopathy of prematurity eye examinations (The Little Eye Drop Study): a randomised controlled non-inferiority trial
Authors: Kremer Lisa Jean , Medlicott Natalie , Sime Mary Jane , Broadbent Roland , Edmonds Liza , Berry Mary Judith , Austin Nicola C , Alsweiler Jane M , Reith David M 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveTo determine if very low dose (VLD, 0.5% phenylephrine, 0.1% cyclopentolate) mydriatic microdrop (approximately 7 μL) administration (up to three doses) is non-inferior to low dose (LD, 1% phenylephrine, 0.2% cyclopentolate) mydriatic microdrop administration for ophthalmologist-determined successful retinopathy of prematurity eye examination (ROPEE).DesignMulticentre, prospective, randomised controlled, non-inferiority clinical trial.SettingFour neonatal intensive care units in Aotearoa, New Zealand from October 2019 to September 2021.PatientsInfants with a birth weight less than 1250 g or gestational age less than 30+6 weeks and who required a ROPEE.InterventionsThe intervention: microdrop (approximately 7 μL) of VLD (0.5% phenylephrine and 0.1% cyclopentolate) to both eyes, or the comparison: microdrop of LD (1% phenylephrine and 0.2% cyclopentolate) to both eyes. Up to three doses could be administered.Main outcome measuresThe primary outcome measure was an ophthalmologist-determined successful ROPEE.ResultsOne hundred and fifty preterm infants (LD mean GA=27.4±1.8 weeks, mean birth weight=1011±290 g, VLD mean GA=27.5±1.9 weeks, mean birth weight=1049±281 g,) were randomised. Non-inferiority for successful ROPEE was demonstrated for the VLD group compared with the LD group (VLD successful ROPEE=100%, LD successful ROPEE=100%, 95% CI no continuity correction −0.05 to 0.05) and for Māori (95% CI no continuity correction −0.02 to 0.19).ConclusionVLD microdrops enable safe and effective screening for ROPEE in both Māori and non-Māori preterm infants.Trial registration numberACTRN12619000795190.