bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
On the Working Mechanisms of Molecules‐Based Van der Waals Dielectrics
Authors: Li Pengyu , Zhao Yinghe , Li Huiqiao , Zhai Tianyou 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSb2O3 molecules offer unprecedented opportunities for the integration of a van der Waals (vdW) dielectric and a 2D vdW semiconductor. However, the working mechanisms underlying molecules‐based vdW dielectrics remain unclear. Here, the working mechanisms of Sb2O3 and two Sb2O3‐like molecules (As2O3 and Bi2O3) as dielectrics are systematically investigated by combining first‐principles calculations and gate leakage current theories. It is revealed that molecules‐based vdW dielectrics have a considerable advantage over conventional dielectric materials: defects hardly affect their insulating properties. This shows that it is unnecessary to synthesize high‐quality crystals in practical applications, which has been a long‐standing challenge for conventional dielectric materials. Further analysis reveals that a large thermionic‐emission current renders Sb2O3 difficult to simultaneously satisfy the requirements of dielectric layers in p‐MOS and n‐MOS, which hinders its application for complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) devices. Remarkably, it is found that As2O3 can serve as a dielectric for both p‐MOS and n‐MOS. This work not only lays a theoretical foundation for the application of molecules‐based vdW dielectrics, but also offers an unprecedentedly competitive dielectric (i.e., As2O3) for 2D vdW semiconductors‐based CMOS devices, thus having profound implications for future semiconductor industry.
Miniaturized Flexible Non‐Contact Interface Based on Heat Shrinkage Technology
Authors: Xiao Yu , Zhang Yuanlong , Qu Changming , Zhang Shaochun , Liu Hanyun , Xu Yun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHigh‐performance miniaturized flexible sensors are becoming increasingly important in wearable electronics. However, miniaturization of devices often requires high‐precision manufacturing processes and equipment, which limits the commercialization of flexible sensors. Therefore, revolutionary technologies for manufacturing miniaturized flexible sensors are highly desired. In this work, a new method for manufacturing miniaturized flexible humidity sensor by utilizing heat shrinkage technology is presented. This method successfully achieves much smaller sensor and denser interdigital electrode. Utilizing this method, a miniaturized flexible humidity sensor and array are presented, fabricated by anchoring nano‐Al2O3 into carbon nano‐tube as the humidity sensitive film. This heat shrinkage technology, forming wrinkle structure on the humidity sensitive film, endows the sensor with a high sensitivity over 200% (ΔR/R0) at humidity levels ranging from 0 to 90%RH and a fast recovery time (0.5 s). The sensor allows non‐contact monitoring human respiration and alerting in case of an asthma attack and the sensor array can be adaptively attached to the wrist as a non‐contact human–machine interface to control the mechanical hand or computer. This work provides a general and effective heat shrinkage technology for the development of smaller and more efficient flexible circuits and sensor devices.
High‐Throughput Synthesis and Machine Learning Assisted Design of Photodegradable Hydrogels
Authors: Seifermann Maximilian , Reiser Patrick , Friederich Pascal , Levkin Pavel A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDue to the large chemical space, the design of functional and responsive soft materials poses many challenges but also offers a wide range of opportunities in terms of the scope of possible properties. Herein, an experimental workflow for miniaturized combinatorial high‐throughput screening of functional hydrogel libraries is reported. The data created from the analysis of the photodegradation process of more than 900 different types of hydrogel pads are used to train a machine learning model for automated decision making. Through iterative model optimization based on Bayesian optimization, a substantial improvement in response properties is achieved and thus expanded the scope of material properties obtainable within the chemical space of hydrogels in the study. It is therefore demonstrated that the potential of combining miniaturized high‐throughput experiments with smart optimization algorithms for cost and time efficient optimization of materials properties.
Large‐scale characterization of Java streams
Authors: Rosales Eduardo , Basso Matteo , Rosà Andrea , Binder Walter 
Published: June 2023

AbstractJava streams are receiving the attention of developers targeting the Java virtual machine (JVM) as they ease the development of data‐processing logic, while also favoring code extensibility and maintainability through a concise and declarative style based on functional programming. Recent studies aim to shedding light on how Java developers use streams. However, they consider only small sets of applications and mainly apply manual code inspection and static analysis techniques. As a result, the large‐scale dynamic analysis of stream processing remains an open research question. In this article, we present the first large‐scale empirical study on the use of streams in Java code exercised via unit tests. We present stream‐analyzer, a novel dynamic program analysis (DPA) that collects runtime information and key metrics, which enable a fine‐grained characterization of sequential and parallel stream processing. We use a fully automatic approach to massively apply our DPA for the analysis of open‐source software projects hosted on GitHub. Our findings advance the understanding of the use of Java streams. Both the scale of our analysis and the profiling of dynamic information enable us to confirm with more confidence the outcome highlighted at a smaller scale by related work. Moreover, our study reports the popularity of many features of the Stream API and highlights multiple findings about runtime characteristics unique to streams, while also revealing inefficient stream processing and stream misuses. Finally, we present implications of our findings for developers of the Stream API, tool builders and researchers, and educators.
Strength in storytelling: Peacebuilding via wordless books
Authors: Martínez‐Alba Gilda , Pentón Herrera Luis Javier 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPeace and restoration (henceforth, peacebuilding) have become buzzwords as we continue to wrestle with global problems. In this article, the authors focus on storytelling as a form of peacebuilding using wordless books (or picture books without words), with a focus on how peacebuilding may be conceptualized and woven into the fabric of the English language teaching field. Wordless books have been used for decades to help people develop meaning from pictures, comprehend story structures, improve engagement and motivation, support language learning, and develop storytelling skills (Cruzado‐Guerrero & Martínez‐Alba, 2022). As such, wordless books become part of an open invitation to engage in storytelling. Through this article, peacebuilding via storytelling using wordless books is explained as a social–emotional learning (SEL) classroom practice. Supported by the available literature focusing on storytelling and peacebuilding, the authors share a lesson design providing a clear way to develop capacity for peacebuilding skills using wordless books.
Sustaining Critical Approaches to Translanguaging in Education: A Contextual Framework
Authors: Mendoza Anna , Hamman‐Ortiz Laura , Tian Zhongfeng , Rajendram Shakina , Tai Kevin W. H. , Ho Wing Yee Jenifer , Sah Pramod K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTranslanguaging remains a timely and important topic in bi/multilingual education. The most recent turn in translanguaging scholarship involves attention to translanguaging in context in response to critiques of translanguaging as a universally empowering educational practice. In this paper, seven early career translanguaging scholars propose a framework for researching translanguaging “in context,” drawing on the Douglas Fir Group's (2016) transdisciplinary framework for language acquisition. Examining translanguaging in context entails paying attention to who in a classroom wields power, as a result of their greater proficiency in societally valued languages, their more “standard” ways of speaking these languages, their greater familiarity with academic literacies valued at school, and/or their more “legitimate” forms of translanguaging. In our framework for researching translanguaging in context, we propose three principles. The first principle is obvious: (1) not to do so apolitically. The other two principles describe a synergy between ethnographic research and teacher‐researcher collaborative research: (2) ethnographic research can assess macro‐level language ideologies and enacted language hegemonies at the micro‐ and meso levels, and (3) teacher‐researcher collaborations must create and sustain inclusive, equitable classroom social orders and alternative academic norms different from the ones documented to occur in context if left by chance.
Rationale and design of the ABOARD project (A Personalized Medicine Approach for Alzheimer's Disease)
Authors: Dreves Maria A. E. , van Harten Argonde C. , Visser Leonie N. C. , Rhodius‐Meester Hanneke , Köhler Sebastian , Kooistra Minke , Papma Janne M. , Honey Madison I. J. , Blom Marco M. , Smets Ellen M. A. , de Vugt Marjolein E. , Teunissen Charlotte E. , van der Flier Wiesje M. ,   the ABOARD Consortium
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe key to stopping Alzheimer's disease (AD) lies in the pre‐dementia stages, with the goal to stop AD before dementia has started. We present the rationale and design of the ABOARD (A Personalized Medicine Approach for Alzheimer's Disease) project, which aims to invest in personalized medicine for AD. ABOARD is a Dutch public–private partnership of 32 partners, connecting stakeholders from a scientific, clinical, and societal perspective. The 5‐year project is structured into five work packages on (1) diagnosis, (2) prediction, (3) prevention, (4) patient‐orchestrated care, and (5) communication and dissemination. ABOARD functions as a network organization in which professionals interact cross‐sectorally. ABOARD has a strong junior training program “Juniors On Board.” Project results are shared with society through multiple communication resources. By including relevant partners and involving citizens at risk, patients, and their care partners, ABOARD builds toward a future with personalized medicine for AD.Highlights
ABOARD (A Personalized Medicine Approach for Alzheimer's Disease) is a public–private research project executed by 32 partners that functions as a network organization.
Together, the project partners build toward a future with personalized medicine for Alzheimer's disease.
Although ABOARD is a Dutch consortium, it has international relevance.
ABOARD improves diagnosis, prediction, prevention, and patient‐orchestrated care.
Comparison of effect of CTG + STan with CTG alone on emergency Cesarean section rate: STan Australian Randomized controlled Trial (START)
Authors: Kuah S. , Simpson B. , Salter A. , Matthews G. , Louise J. , Bednarz J. , Chandraharan E. , Symonds I. , McPhee A. , Mol B. W. , Turnbull D. , Wilkinson C. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo investigate whether use of ST analysis of the fetal electrocardiogram (STan) as an adjunct to continuous cardiotocography (CTG) reduces the rate of emergency Cesarean section (EmCS) compared with CTG alone.MethodsThis was a randomized controlled trial of patients with a singleton fetus in cephalic presentation at ≥ 36 weeks' gestation, requiring continuous electronic fetal monitoring during labor at a tertiary maternity hospital in Adelaide, Australia, between January 2018 and July 2021. Participants were randomized to undergo CTG + STan or CTG alone. The calculated sample size was 1818 participants. The primary outcome was EmCS. Secondary outcomes included metabolic acidosis, a composite adverse perinatal outcome, and other maternal and neonatal morbidity and safety outcomes.ResultsThe present study enrolled 970 women, of whom 967 were included in the primary analysis. EmCS occurred in 107/482 (22.2%) deliveries in the CTG + STan arm and in 107/485 (22.1%) in the CTG arm (adjusted relative risk, 1.02 (95% CI, 0.81–1.27); P = 0.89). There was no difference in the rate of adverse maternal or neonatal outcomes between arms.ConclusionsThe addition of STan as an adjunct to continuous CTG did not reduce the EmCS rate. The smaller‐than‐anticipated sample size meant that this study was underpowered to detect absolute differences of ≤ 5% and, therefore, this negative finding could be due to a Type‐2 error. © 2023 The Authors. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
Beyond landscape experience: A systematic literature review on the concept of spatial quality in flood‐risk management
Authors: Bakx Michiel , Stremke Sven , Lenzholzer Sanda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPeople often oppose the implementation of flood mitigation measures based on concerns about “spatial quality” (SQ). SQ can be an ambiguous concept, which can function as boundary object that unites stakeholders from various backgrounds. Yet, the ambiguity of SQ can also be misused to justify particular interests, result in unmet expectations and lead to miscommunication. To contribute to the understanding, communication and implementation of SQ in flood risk management projects, this study systematically reviewed the use of SQ in the literature. The first part of this review resulted in the identification of 19 aspects categorized into four dimensions of SQ: experiential, use, ecological, and long‐term quality. Based on these dimensions, we found in the second part of this review that SQ is understood either as (1) experiential quality only, (2) the combination of experiential, use, and ecological quality, and (3) the combination of all four dimensions. The review illustrates that the understanding of SQ is related to several context characteristics, including the country of author affiliation and the prominent school of thought with regards to objectivity and subjectivity. For example, only authors affiliated with Dutch institutions take into account all four dimensions of SQ. To bridge between these different understandings of SQ, this study provides a framework with a set of terms that can be used for the development of a shared language for SQ, ultimately fostering the implementation of this concept in flood risk management projects.This article is categorized under:
Engineering Water > Planning Water
The Innovation Society
Authors: Hallonsten Olof 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCurrent society’s obsession with innovation, entrepreneurship, and economic growth is superficial and unsustainable. It has little to do with real innovation, which is a process involving hard work and long-term devotion. Instead, innovation today is a catchword that has evolved into an ideology and a myth mobilized to underpin current society’s striving for constant economic growth for its own sake. The chapter outlines this problem, anchors it in a theoretical foundation of organizational sociology, and states the aims and purpose of the book.
We’re All Entrepreneurs Now
Authors: Hallonsten Olof 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe obsession with innovation is paralleled and intertwined with a similar obsession with entrepreneurship, which is viewed as the path to salvation for individuals, organizations, and society at large. Entrepreneurship has become a prime cultural ideal in current society, and an entrepreneurship industry has been formed that promotes the narrative and imagology of entrepreneurship and caters to the apparent desire of the so-called me generation to constantly seek to promote individual achievement and self-actualization. The chapter analyzes and explains the development, with the help of a broader theoretical framework for understanding the cult of the individual in current society, and demonstrates how entrepreneurship has become a largely empty signifier.
The Tapering Length of Needles in Martensite/Martensite Macrotwins
Authors: Conti Sergio , Zwicknagl Barbara 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe study needle formation at martensite/martensite macro interfaces in shape-memory alloys. We characterize the scaling of the energy in terms of the needle tapering length and the transformation strain, both in geometrically linear and in finite elasticity. We find that linearized elasticity is unable to predict the value of the tapering length, as the energy tends to zero with needle length tending to infinity. Finite elasticity shows that the optimal tapering length is inversely proportional to the order parameter, in agreement with previous numerical simulations. The upper bound in the scaling law is obtained by explicit constructions. The lower bound is obtained using rigidity arguments, and as an important intermediate step we show that the Friesecke–James–Müller geometric rigidity estimate holds with a uniform constant for uniformly Lipschitz domains.
Impact of obesity on patients undergoing surgery for rectal cancer in Australia and New Zealand
Authors: Yang Phillip F , Ang Zhen Hao , Badiani Sarit , Berney Christophe R , Morgan Matthew J 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Patients with obesity undergoing rectal cancer surgery may have an increased risk of developing complications, though evidence is inconclusive. The aim of this study was to determine the direct impact of obesity on postoperative outcomes using data from a large clinical registry.

Method
The Binational Colorectal Cancer Audit registry was used to identify patients who underwent rectal cancer surgery in Australia and New Zealand from 2007–2021. Primary outcomes were inpatient surgical and medical complications. Logistic regression models were developed to describe the association between body-mass index (BMI) and outcomes.

Results
Among 3,708 patients (median age 66 years [IQR 56.75–75], 65.0% male), 2.0% had a BMI < 18.5 kg/m2, 35.4% had a BMI of 18.5–24.9 kg/m2, 37.6% had a BMI of 25.0–29.9 kg/m2, 16.7% had a BMI of 30.0–34.9 kg/m2, and 8.2% had a BMI ≥ 35.0 kg/m2. Surgical complications occurred in 27.7% of patients with a BMI of 18.5–24.9 kg/m2, 26.6% of patients with a BMI of 25.0–29.9 kg/m2 (OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.76–1.10), 28.5% with a BMI of 30.0–34.9 kg/m2 (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.76–1.21), and 33.2% with a BMI ≥ 35.0 kg/m2 (OR 1.27, 95% CI 0.94–1.71). Modelling BMI as a continuous variable confirmed a J-shaped relationship. The association between BMI and medical complications was more linear.

Conclusion
Risk of postoperative complications is increased in patients with obesity undergoing rectal cancer surgery.
Wearables in der Rheumatologie
Authors: Xiong Tingting , Krusche Martin 
Published: June 2023

ZusammenfassungIm Zuge der Digitalisierung der Medizin kommen Wearables eine zunehmende Bedeutung zu. Wearables (engl.: „wearable computing device“) sind kleine tragbare elektronische Geräte, über die der Anwender gesundheitsrelevante Daten wie Schrittzahl, Aktivitätsprofil, EKG, Herz- und Atemfrequenz oder Sauerstoffsättigung aufzeichnen kann. Erste Studien zum Einsatz von Wearables bei Patient:innen mit rheumatologischen Erkrankungen zeigen die Eröffnung von neuen Möglichkeiten zu Prävention, Krankheitsmonitorierung und Behandlung. Diese Arbeit soll eine Übersicht über die aktuelle Datenlage und den Einsatz der Wearables für das Fachgebiet der Rheumatologie liefern. Zusätzlich werden zukünftige potenzielle Anwendungsgebiete sowie Herausforderungen und Grenzen des Einsatzes von Wearables beleuchtet.
No robust reduction of infarct size and no-reflow by metoprolol pretreatment in adult Göttingen minipigs
Authors: Kleinbongard Petra , Lieder Helmut Raphael , Skyschally Andreas , Heusch Gerd 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhereas prior experiments in juvenile pigs had reported infarct size reduction by intravenous metoprolol early during myocardial ischaemia, two major clinical trials in patients with reperfused acute myocardial infarction were equivocal. We, therefore, went back and tested the translational robustness of infarct size reduction by metoprolol in minipigs. Using a power analysis-based prospective design, we pretreated 20 anaesthetised adult Göttingen minipigs with 1 mg kg−1 metoprolol or placebo and subjected them to 60-min coronary occlusion and 180-min reperfusion. Primary endpoint was infarct size (triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining) as a fraction of area at risk; no-reflow area (thioflavin-S staining) was a secondary endpoint. There was no significant reduction in infarct size (46 ± 8% of area at risk with metoprolol vs. 42 ± 8% with placebo) or area of no-reflow (19 ± 21% of infarct size with metoprolol vs. 15 ± 23% with placebo). However, the inverse relationship between infarct size and ischaemic regional myocardial blood flow was modestly, but significantly shifted downwards with metoprolol, whereas ischaemic blood flow tended to be reduced by metoprolol. With an additional dose of 1 mg kg−1 metoprolol after 30-min ischaemia in 4 additional pigs, infarct size was also not reduced (54 ± 9% vs. 46 ± 8% in 3 contemporary placebo, n.s.), and area of no-reflow tended to be increased (59 ± 20% vs. 29 ± 12%, n.s.).Infarct size reduction by metoprolol in pigs is not robust, and this result reflects the equivocal clinical trials. The lack of infarct size reduction may be the result of opposite effects of reduced infarct size at any given blood flow and reduced blood flow, possibly through unopposed alpha-adrenergic coronary vasoconstriction.
Mutant LRRK2 exacerbates immune response and neurodegeneration in a chronic model of experimental colitis
Authors: Cabezudo Diego , Tsafaras George , Van Acker Eva , Van den Haute Chris , Baekelandt Veerle 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe link between the gut and the brain in Parkinson’s disease (PD) pathogenesis is currently a subject of intense research. Indeed, gastrointestinal dysfunction is known as an early symptom in PD and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has recently been recognised as a risk factor for PD. The leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is a PD- and IBD-related protein with highest expression in immune cells. In this study, we provide evidence for a central role of LRRK2 in gut inflammation and PD. The presence of the gain-of-function G2019S mutation significantly increases the disease phenotype and inflammatory response in a mouse model of experimental colitis based on chronic dextran sulphate sodium (DSS) administration. Bone marrow transplantation of wild-type cells into G2019S knock-in mice fully rescued this exacerbated response, proving the key role of mutant LRRK2 in immune cells in this experimental colitis model. Furthermore, partial pharmacological inhibition of LRRK2 kinase activity also reduced the colitis phenotype and inflammation. Moreover, chronic experimental colitis also induced neuroinflammation and infiltration of peripheral immune cells into the brain of G2019S knock-in mice. Finally, combination of experimental colitis with overexpression of α-synuclein in the substantia nigra aggravated motor deficits and dopaminergic neurodegeneration in G2019S knock-in mice. Taken together, our results link LRRK2 with the immune response in colitis and provide evidence that gut inflammation can impact brain homeostasis and contribute to neurodegeneration in PD.