bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Epidemiology and Risk Factors of Pediatric Pneumonia in a Tertiary Center in Taiwan
Authors: Wang Po-Yuan , Tseng Wei-Chieh , Wu En-Ting , Lu Frank L. , Wang Ching-Chia 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Pneumonia is a common disease in children, and causes a substantial burden both on patients and health care systems. Comparison between community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) and the prognosticator of hospitalized pneumonia patients in Taiwan is unclear.

Materials and Methods:
In this retrospective study, data from hospitalized children aged <18 years with a diagnosis of pneumonia from 2012 to 2013 in our institutional database were investigated. Demographic characteristics, laboratory data, identified pathogens, and treatment course was recorded for analysis. A value of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

Results:
A total of 548 patients with 598 episodes of pneumonia (male/female ratio = 1.08) were enrolled in the database. Underlying diseases are more common in patients with HAP than those with CAP. Patients with HAP had a higher mortality and length of hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stay than that of those with CAP. C-reactive protein (CRP) and band form plus segment neutrophil percentage were higher in patients with CAP. In multivariate analysis of CAP group, underlying disease, CRP, and band form plus segment neutrophil percentage were independent prognosticators of admission to ICU. Underlying disease and CRP were independent prognosticators of mortality. The most common pathogens were respiratory syncytial virus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and influenza virus.

Conclusions:
Patients with HAP had significantly higher mortality rates and longer lengths of hospital and ICU stay than those with CAP. CRP was an independent prognosticator of admission to ICU and mortality in patients with CAP, and also served as a prognosticator of mortality in patients with HAP.
Effects of irritable bowel syndrome on the health-related quality of life among the Saudi population
Authors: Aljahdli Emad S. , Badroun Ftoon , Mushaeb Hanan H. , Aljohani Raghad , Albisher Sara , Basalaim Leena , Baeisa Salma 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background:
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a digestive system disorder. Patients with IBS have a significantly lower quality of life (QoL). In this study, we aimed to assess how IBS affects the Saudi Arabian population’s health-related (HR)-QoL.

Methods:
A cross-sectional Web-based survey was conducted with a representative sample (n = 1346) of patients who met the Rome IV criteria for IBS from all regions of the country between February and May 2021. The questionnaire surveyed participants’ socio-demographic data (nationality, sex, age, region, marital status, level of education, and occupation) and included 24 questions on IBS divided into four categories: (1) diagnosis; (2) symptoms; (3) impact on patients’ lives; and (4) management methods. The HR-QoL score was calculated using a five-point Likert scale, with higher scores indicating worse QoL.

Results:
Most patients (83.3%) were diagnosed by a physician, and 66.7% had a family member or a friend with IBS. Mixed IBS was the most common type of IBS (26.4%). Factors associated with poor QoL and significantly associated with IBS included female sex, initial diagnosis by a general physician, intermittent symptoms, and being asymptomatic for weeks to months.

Conclusions:
Greater attention to the QoL of patients with IBS is required to help them deal with IBS and create supportive environments to reduce its psychological effects.
Pemanfaatan Kulit Nanas sebagai Media Pertumbuhan Maggot Black Soldier Fly
Authors: Hermansyah Hermansyah  , Kenedy Putra  , Lilis Riyanti  
Published: June 2023

Pakan alternatif dapat menekan biaya pakan sehingga dapat memberikan keuntungan ganda bagi peternak. Salah satu pakan alternatif untuk pakan ayam yaitu maggot lalat Black Soldier Fly (BSF) karena kandungan protein tinggi terkandung di dalamnya. Maggot BSF dapat mengurai limbah organik seperti kulit nanas yang masih belum termanfaatkan di Desa Sanca Kecamatan Ciater Kabupaten Subang. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh media limbah kulit nanas terhadap pertumbuhan maggot BSF dan menganalisis keuntungan pembesaran maggot BSF menggunakan media kulit nanas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode 2 kelompok percobaan dengan 5 ulangan terdiri atas P0=50% kulit nanas+50% dedak padi+0,25% molases. P1=75% kulit nanas+25% dedak padi+0,25% molases. Peubah yang diukur diantaranya suhu (oC) media penetasan setelah difermentasi, lama penetasan, panjang maggot (mm), dan berat panen (g). Peubah kelayakan usaha yang diamati yaitu R/C ratio, B/C ratio, break even point (BEP) harga dan BEP produksi. Data dianalsisis menggunakan uji-t tidak berpasangan dan dianalisis deskriptif untuk peubah kelayakan usaha. Hasil penelitian menunjukan perbedaan komposisi kulit nanas dalam media penetasan dan media pembesaran maggot tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadah suhu, lama penetasan, dan berat panen, tetapi memberikan pengaruh nyata pada panjang maggot umur 16 hari. Hasil analisis kelayakan usaha menunjukan hanya perlakuan P1 yang layak untuk dijalankan karena memiliki nilai R/C ratio>1, sedangkan P0 tidak layak karena nilai R/C ratio<1. Kulit nanas dapat digunakan sebagai media penetasan dan pembesaran maggot BSF. Penggunaan kulit nanas sampai 75% mampu meningkatkan hasil panen maggot BSF.
Pengaruh Penambahan Kunyit dengan Modified Cassava Flour sebagai Bahan Enkapsulan dalam Ransum terhadap Kualitas Daging dan Produktivitas Ayam Broiler
Authors: Harvey Febrianta  , Tota Pirdo Kasih  
Published: June 2023

Kunyit mengandung komponen bioaktif alami meliputi kurkumin, bisdemetoksikurkumin, demetoksikurkumin, serta minyak atsiri yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menurunkan populasi bakteri patogen dan meningkatkan produktivitas pada ternak ayam broiler, namun komponen bioaktif kunyit yang bersifat antibakteri tersebut rentan untuk terdegradasi dalam proses pengolahan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi peran kunyit dengan penambahan modified cassava flour sebagai bahan enkapsulan yang ditambahkan dalam ransum terhadap produktivitas serta pengaruhnya terhadap nilai bakteri patogen. Rancangan Acak Lengkap digunakan sebagai uji statistik dalam penelitian dengan menerapkan 5 perlakuan (Z0, Z1, Z2, Z3, dan Z4) serta (U1, U2, U3, dan U4) sebagai ulangan. Analisis Varians (ANOVA) digunakan untuk mengolah data, kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan bila terdapat pengaruh nyata. Data yang telah diolah menunjukkan peningkatan level pemberian kunyit yang dienkapsulasi dengan modified cassava flour (KCF) pada ransum terbukti mampu meningkatkan produktivitas dari ternak ayam broiler, diantaranya konsumsi ransum yang mengalami peningkatan, meningkatkan nilai bobot badan pada ayam, menjaga kestabilan nilai pH daging, meningkatkan nilai water holding capacity (WHC), serta mampu menurunkan populasi bakteri patogen sampai dengan 6,79±0,14 Log CFU/g. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tentang pengaruh kunyit dengan penambahan modified cassava flour sebagai bahan enkapsulan maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa peningkatan level pemberian kunyit terenkapsulasi modified cassava flour sampai dengan 8% pada ransum terbukti mampu meningkatkan kualitas dari ayam broiler.
Étude Psycho-Réaliste de Quelques Romancières Africaines.
Authors: Siwoku-Awi O. F. 
Published: June 2023

Introduction : L’œuvre féministe se présente tout d’abord comme réaliste du fait qu’elle dispute et représente le vraisemblable. Qu’elle soit occidentale ou américaine ou africaine, l’œuvre des femmes s’avère comme un cri du cœur revendicatif des droits des femmes. Le sort pitoyable des femmes vulnérables fait souvent le sujet de telle œuvre. Elle est érigée contre des origines de discrimination sexuelle, l’hégémonie des hommes et de la phallocratie par laquelle la gent féminine est considérée comme inférieure et façonnée pour être subordonnée à l’homme.
Objectif : Cet article est une recherche qui fait la mise au point du réalisme qui est un élément de base pour l’étude psychologique des femmes africaines et des perspectifs des écrivaines dans leurs observations de la vie féminine, et de la précarité de leur existence et leur calvaire au jour le jour non seulement en Afrique, mais partout dans le monde.
Méthodologie : C’est pour cette raison que cet article propose pour la critique des œuvres des femmes africaines, l’approche psycho réaliste. C’est une théorie développée par la chercheuse pour fournir une mise au point des motivations des auteures, les cogitations de leurs cœurs et le contexte réel de leur combat. C’est une approche critique qui privilégie l’analyse de la psychologie de l’auteure aussi bien que celle des personnages féminins afin de faire sortir leurs troubles et des raisons pour leurs choix de vie.
Découverte : Pour les femmes africaines les antécédents historiques de la colonisation que les leaders ne parviennent pas à se débarrasser pour assurer une nouvelle vie, la lutte des sexes, des enfants sans avenir et la discrimination incessante jouent sur leur psychologie personnelle et collective des Africains. Leur psychologie est reflétée dans leurs personnages ainsi rendant valable leur cri du cœur pour le respect de leurs droits.
Recommandation : Que les femmes soient impliquées dans la transformation sociale et économique de l’Afrique. Les aléas historiques ont fait des victimes de tous les Africains, des hommes aussi bien que des femmes, alors, il faudrait une lutte concerte pour développer le continent.
Comparison of Unstable Per-Trochanteric Fractures Fixed with Proximal Femoral Nail Versus Dynamic Hip Screw Using Harris Hip Score
Authors: Auon Shabbir Khan Niazi  , Muhammad Uzair Khan Niazi  , Irta Zainab  , Hassan Mumtaz  , Midhat Zahra  , Adnan Anwer  
Published: June 2023

Objective: To compare the frequency of a good functional outcome in unstable per-trochanteric fractures fixed with a dynamic hip screw and proximal femoral nail using the Harris Hip Score.Â
Methodology: A comparative study was conducted at the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, from June to December 2021. A total of 80 patients with per-trochanteric femur fractures were selected and divided into two groups based on the surgical procedure performed: dynamic hip screw or proximal femoral nail. A comprehensive history and thorough examination were performed for all patients during scheduled follow-up visits. Patients were called in for follow-up assessments at 1 month and 3 months to evaluate the functional outcomes using the Harris Hip Score.
Results: The mean age of all patients was 58.73Â±6.78 years. At the 3-month follow-up, the mean Harris Hip Score was significantly higher in the proximal femoral nail group compared to the dynamic hip screw group (84.64Â±7.05 vs. 73.9Â±12.53; p = 0.005). The proportion of patients with good functional outcomes (Harris Hip Score â‰¥ 70 points) was significantly higher in the proximal femoral nail group compared to the dynamic hip screw group (97.5% vs. 72.5%, p = 0.002).
Conclusion: In this study, the proximal femoral nail group demonstrated superior functional outcomes compared to the dynamic hip screw group. The use of proximal femoral nail fixation can provide better outcomes and facilitate an earlier return to pre-injury status for patients.
The Distribution of Invasive Tilapia Throughout A Tropical Man-Made Lake With Special Reference to Temengor Reservoir, Malaysia
Authors: Hamid Muzzalifah Abd , Sahb Amir Shah Ruddin Md , Nor Siti Azizah Mohd , Mansor Mashhor 
Published: June 2023

With a surface area of 15, 200 ha, the Temengor Reservoir, in the northwestern state of Perak was selected among other lakes in Malaysia for the development of a large tilapia aquaculture facility in 2008 due to its favourable environmental conditions. Tilapia has never been recorded at Temengor Reservoir prior to the establishment of this facility. However, preliminary observations in a previous study detected tilapia species in the natural waters of this lake, strongly suggesting these were escapees from the floating cages which had invaded the natural waters. Following that, a study was conducted to assess the distribution of these escapees throughout the Temengor Reservoir. The cultured tilapias are easily recognizable with elongated mouth and body, and long caudal fin. The sampling was conducted using gill nets. The distribution of the escaped tilapia throughout the Temengor Reservoir was mapped based on previous data and current data on the fish checklist conducted at different sampling points of this lake, and the occurrence (presence/absence) of escaped tilapia was recorded. A comparative analysis was conducted at several number of points among three sampling areas, according to the radii from the fish cage facility; <5km (S1), 5-15km (S2), and >15km (S3). The ANOVA showed significant differences (p<0.05) in Catch per Unit Effort (CPUE) weight between the three sampling areas. As tilapia is a highly successful global invasive species, the presence of tilapia at these and other locations at Temengor Reservoir should be rigorously monitored. Complete eradication of tilapia in the lake is of high urgency. We recommend intensive targeted fishing of the species in the vicinity of the cages and biological control by native predators to preserve and conserve the native fish species at Temengor Reservoir.
mujeres en la Copa Mundial de Futbol de 1978 en Argentina
Authors: Carricaberry Manuela 
Published: June 2023

Este trabajo analiza las construcciones discursivas utilizadas en la prensa argentina durante el Mundial de fútbol de 1978 con el objetivo de explorar la relación entre lenguaje y poder. El estudio se centra en las publicaciones periódicas Para Ti y Gente, considerándolas como vehículos activos que influyen en la conformación de espacios sociales y en la toma de decisiones políticas y de interés público. Como marco de análisis se retoma la obra de Jacques Rancière en relación al poder simbólico de la comunicación como producto cultural estratégico. Así, partiendo del estudio de la figura de la mujer durante el Mundial, se diferencian posicionamientos individuales y colectivos de subjetivación e identificación y se indaga el rol de los medios en la reproducción de prácticas hegemónicas, identificando también momentos políticos de ruptura en la jerarquía de representación y saber en la repartición de la experiencia de lo común.
Disponibilidad de los libros electrónicos de la bibliografía recomendada en bibliotecas universitarias. El Grado en Información y Documentación online de la Universidad de León
Authors: Arroyo Vázquez Natalia 
Published: June 2023

Las bibliotecas de universidades que imparten titulaciones online o a distancia se enfrentan a la dificultad de facilitar a sus alumnos el acceso a la bibliografía recomendada de las asignaturas. Este problema se ha extendido a todas las universidades durante la pandemia de Covid-19. La solución más evidente consiste en dar acceso a esa bibliografía en formato digital.
En el presente trabajo se analiza la bibliografía recomendada en el Grado en Información y Documentación online de la Universidad de León, el único que se imparte en esta modalidad en España, para conocer qué porcentaje de las monografías está disponible en formato digital, a través de licencias de préstamo en bibliotecas o en acceso abierto. Ante el bajo porcentaje obtenido, que no alcanza la tercera parte de las monografías y que resulta insuficiente, se reflexiona sobre las razones, se proponen medidas que pueden llevar a cabo las bibliotecas y el profesorado y se apunta la necesaria digitalización de las monografías.
SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROFILE OF LARGE CITIES OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Kangalakova D. M. , Satpayeva Z. T. , Ilyas A. 
Published: June 2023

The purpose of the study is to analyze the current state of socio–economic development of large cities of Kazakhstan, identify problems and develop proposals for their development.Methodology. In the course of the work, statistical and comparative economic analysis, methods of generalization and systematization were used. To identify the strengths and weaknesses, threats and advantages of the development of large cities, a SWOT analysis was conducted. With the help of the logical method, potential directions for the development of large cities of Kazakhstan were identified.Originality / value of the research. The study analyzed the socio-economic development of large cities, identified the strengths and weaknesses of their development, as well as identified threats and opportunities for the development of large cities of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Based on the analysis, the directions of development of large cities are proposed.Findings. During the analysis of the socio-economic development of large cities, it was revealed that in all large cities there is a certain factor determining its development. For example, in the cities of Aktau and Atyrau, a high income of the population is fixed, since the cities specialize in the extraction and processing of hydrocarbon raw materials, etc. The problems hindering the development of large cities include a high increase in the number of unemployed, a shortage of housing stock, the deterioration of utility networks, an increase in the number of citizens in need of social support, and a high level of atmospheric pollution. The directions of development of large cities of the Republic of Kazakhstan are proposed.
FORMATION OF WHOLESALE DISTRIBUTION CENTERS IN THE FOOD SUPPLY SYSTEM OF REGIONS OF KAZAKHSTAN
Authors: Momynkulova Sh. 
Published: June 2023

This article explores and provides an empirical assessment of the state of distribution of food products from direct producers to end consumers in terms of an effective system of commodity supply to the regions of Kazakhstan based on a review of specialized literature and information.The purpose of the research is to give recommendations and proposals for the creation of wholesale distribution centers that will promote the efficient and optimal movement of agricultural products directly from producers to consumers.Research methodology. We used heuristic research methods based on the method of expert assessments, interview review, and, also, used situational and reflexive approaches to analyze available and objective information.The originality of the research. We did a general analysis of the distribution of food products based on a review of specialized literature revealed many problems in this area. We have studied foreign experience and give recommendations and proposals for the creation of effective wholesale distribution centers in major cities of Kazakhstan.Research results. According to the research results, we simplified scheme of the food supply chain from agricultural producers to consumers is proposed, excluding unnecessary intermediaries. The problems and prospects for the development of wholesale distribution centers are identified and specified. The main priorities of the development of the wholesale distribution centers are highlighted.
RESEARCH IN ECO-TOURISM IN KAZAKHSTAN AS A SUCCESSFUL MECHANISM IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL TOURISM MANAGEMENT
Authors: Pazylkhaiyr B. M. , Assipova Zh. M. , Aktymbayeva A. S. 
Published: June 2023

The purpose of this study is to determine the current level of ecotourism research in tourism environmental management of Kazakhstan and to perform a comparison assessment in order to gain a better understanding through critical analysis and the identification of gaps for future studies.Methodology. Analysis, comparison, and literature review have been used as the methods of this work.The originality / value of the study is an accurate analysis of the present situation of ecotourism research in Kazakhstan and Bhutan. The Bhutanese example of ecotourism research could contribute for the further development of tourism environmental management in Kazakhstan. Findings. The authors found a few main problems of ecotourism research, including having lack of comprehensive data and information and problems with regulatory legal acts and documents in Kazakhstan. Therefore, right ecotourism study can facilitate to the development of the tourism environmental management in Kazakhstan.Through analyzing the Bhutanese practice of ecotourism research, the authors found a gap in Kazakhstan tourism environmental management where further research should be focused. Consequently, the authors gave a few recommendations on the further development of ecotourism research in Kazakhstan, as working with closely with foreign experienced researchers, improving the protected areas websites, establishing a trust fund with other countries, improving government documents on tourism environmental management, publishing more reports in English, and providing more grants and scholarships.
Dragonfly: Flights of Exploration Across Saturn's Moon Titan, an Organic Ocean World
Authors: Turtle Elizabeth (Zibi) 
Published: June 2023

Saturn's largest moon, Titan, is an ocean world with a dense atmosphere, abundant complex organic material on its icy surface, and a liquid-water ocean within its interior. The Cassini-Huygens mission revealed surprisingly Earth-like geological processes and opportunities for organic material to have mixed with liquid water on Titan's surface in the past. These attributes make Titan a singular destination to seek answers to fundamental astrobiological questions about the habitability of other worlds in our solar system and prebiotic chemical processes like those that led to the development of life here on Earth. In this talk, I will present an overview of Titan and the exploration planned with NASA's upcoming Dragonfly New Frontiers mission. Dragonfly is a rotorcraft lander designed to perform wide-ranging in situ investigation of the chemistry and habitability of this carbon-rich extraterrestrial environment. Taking advantage of Titan's dense atmosphere and low gravity, Dragonfly will fly from place to place, exploring diverse geological settings to sample and measure detailed compositions of surface materials and observe Titan's geology and meteorology. During its 3.3-year mission, Dragonfly will make multidisciplinary science measurements at a few dozen landing sites to characterize Titan's habitability and determine how far organic chemistry has progressed in environments that have provided key ingredients for life.
Lectio praecursoria: The Good Noblemen Who Conquered the Kingdom: Islam, Historiography, and Aristocratic Legitimation in Late-Medieval Portugal
Authors: Queimada e Silva Tiago 
Published: June 2023

This text consists of the 'lectio praecursoria' given at the defense of my doctoral dissertation "The Good Noblemen Who Conquered the Kingdom: Islam, Historiography, and Aristocratic Legitimation in Late-Medieval Portugal". This dissertation deals with aristocratic historiography and political legitimation in late-medieval Portugal (late thirteenth and fourteenth centuries). It offers a perspective into the historical imaginary of the late-medieval Portuguese aristocracy; an imaginary that underlay the argumentation of members of this social class in defence of their traditional rights and jurisdictions against politicalcentralisation. It examines how the medieval Portuguese aristocracy utilized memories of past interactions with Islam to justify its privileged social status and defend its traditional prerogatives at a time when this social group opposed the royalist policy of political centralization. This research is included into wider debates on the role of culture — in this case, historical culture — as a resource to justify, reinforce, reproduce, and transform an existing social order.