bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inter‐rater reliability of the Rasch‐modified medical research council scoring criteria for manual muscle testing in neuromuscular diseases
Authors: Conde Rodrigo Melo , de Almeida Pereira Pena Lívia , do Nascimento Elias Adriana Helena , Guerreiro Carlos Tostes , Pereira Danilo Assis , da Rosa Sobreira Cláudia Ferreira , Marques Wilson , Barreira Amilton Antunes 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIt was argued that researchers and clinicians are not able to make judgments between most categories of the original Medical Research Council (MRC) scale and that a modified short version would reach higher agreement levels. We aimed to assess the inter‐rater reliability for both the original and the Rasch‐modified MRC scoring criteria of Manual Muscle Strength tests (MMSt) in patients with neuromuscular diseases. Two MRC scoring criteria were used to score muscle strength using MMSt in 40 muscle groups of the upper and lower limbs in patients with neuromuscular disorders. Three investigators performed the evaluations; the order of the MMSt and the use of the scales were performed according to the preferences of the investigators. The agreement coefficient (Gwet's AC2) was used to compute the reliability. Sixty patients (mean age of 39.3 years ± 15.2) with neuromuscular diseases were included. The mean AC2 for the muscle groups of the upper limbs ranged from 0.82 to 0.96 using the modified MRC scale and from 0.86 to 0.96 using the original MRC scale. The AC2 for the lower limb muscle groups ranged from 0.80 to 0.91 (modified MRC scale) and from 0.87 to 0.93 (original MRC scale). These values might be interpreted as “almost perfect agreement” with no significant differences between the scales. The results indicate that both MRC scoring criteria have significant reliability among trained observers. Moreover, the Rasch‐modified MRC scale is as reliable as the original MRC scale and can be used in future clinical studies.
Human muscle and spinal activation in response to body weight loading
Authors: Clarke Benjamin , Al‐Hammdany Jannah Khalid , Di Giulio Irene 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHuman standing is the anatomical and functional framework for independent movement. The study of weight bearing during standing and movement is crucial to support the development of technology aimed at restoring independent gait, where unsupported weight bearing is still elusive. This study aims to determine muscle and spinal activation at different gravitational loads in young, healthy individuals to provide potential patterns of spinal stimulation for standing. Muscle activity was recorded with surface electromyography (EMG) from 18 healthy participants at different body angles while on a motorised plinth. The body angles tested and the relative gravitational loadings were: 0 deg (supine) corresponding to ~0% of total body weight (BW), 15 deg (~26% BW), 30 deg (~50% BW), 45 deg (~71% BW), 60 deg (~87% BW), 75 deg (~97% BW), upright on and off the plinth (~100% BW). The muscles recorded were soleus, gastrocnemius medialis and lateralis, tibialis anterior, adductor longus, peroneus longus, vastus medialis and lateralis, rectus femoris, sartorius, extensor digitorum longus, semimembranosus, semitendinosus, biceps femoris, gracilis, rectus abdominis, external oblique, erector spinae and latissimus dorsi. From the recorded muscle activity, spinal activation maps were calculated. Despite high variability in EMG data, the group muscle activity changed with body angle. Vastus lateralis became activated at 60 deg (~87% BW), soleus became activated at 75 deg, and the gastrocnemii at 90 deg. The spinal segments that showed significant differences in mean activation between angles were the fifth lumbar L5 and the first sacral S1 segments. The data from this study suggest that weight‐bearing independent standing could be achieved with increased activation of a limited number of superficial muscles tested, and 87% BW is a critical loading for increased muscle activation compared to the supine position. The spinal activation in the lower lumbar and sacral segments shows the involvement of these regions in maintaining weight‐bearing standing. By reproducing this pattern of muscle and spinal segment activity through tonic stimulation, we speculate that restoration of independent standing and walking may be possible for patients following spinal cord injuries.
Validation of the Cardiff acne disability index and the impact of educational materials in a Romanian cultural adaptation context
Authors: Cretu Stefana , Dascalu Mihai , Salavastru Carmen‐Maria 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundAcne has a high impact on patients being a chronic, common, and visible skin condition. Knowledge regarding treatment improves outcomes. The Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI) is commonly used in clinical practice for quality‐of‐life assessment. It has been validated in many languages, however, not in Romanian.AimsTo validate the Romanian adaptation of the CADI and educational materials for acne patients.Patients and MethodA 12‐week prospective cross‐sectional Web‐based study, including 3rd‐ to 5th‐year medical students attending our university was conducted. We obtained permission from the CADI copyright owner and performed the steps of the standardized translation process. The Romanian CADI adaptation was delivered online in a test–retest setup, during which participants were offered acne educational materials and completed a knowledge evaluation questionnaire.ResultsA total of 95 complete answers were analyzed. The Romanian CADI adaptation showed good internal consistency, with Cronbach's α = 0.807 in the first application and Cronbach's α = 0.839 in the second. High test–retest reliability was observed, with interclass correlation coefficient ICC = 0.987 and Spearman's rank correlation coefficient rs = 0.970 for the overall CADI scores between the two administrations.The mean baseline score in the knowledge evaluation questionnaire was 15.52 points (±1.556), with a statistically significant improvement after exposure to the educational material (Z = −7.207, p < 0.001). This material was considered useful or very useful by 78(82.8%) participants.ConclusionRomanian acne patients can benefit from CADI, a reliable and disease‐specific tool for quality‐of‐life evaluation, together with validated, guideline‐aligned educational material in their language.
Redemption fromSRHRMunderCOVID‐19: How business threat due toCOVID‐19 affects employee insomnia via hope and workplace anxiety
Authors: Wang Juan , Zhang Zhe , Jia Ming 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExisting studies show that the COVID‐19 pandemic influences employee outcome in the work domain. However, the impact of business threat due to COVID‐19 on employee daily insomnia remains unexplored. Addressing this research gap can help scholars understand the risks of COVID‐19 in the non‐work domain. Drawing on appraisal theories of emotion, we explore how and when business threat due to COVID‐19 triggers employee insomnia. Using an experience sampling methodology where 89 employees are surveyed for 7 workdays, our multilevel analyses show that employee daily hope and workplace anxiety mediate the effects of business threat due to COVID‐19 on employee insomnia. Furthermore, socially responsible human resource management (SRHRM) practices weaken the negative relationship between business threat due to COVID‐19 and employees' hope and mitigate the positive relationship between business threat due to COVID‐19 and their workplace anxiety. We also find that SRHRM practices influence the indirect effect of business threat due to COVID‐19 on employee insomnia via workplace anxiety. Our study helps understand the underlying mechanisms in the relationship between business threat due to COVID‐19 and employee insomnia and further sheds light on the role of SRHRM in mitigating the destructive effect of business threat due to COVID‐19.
Salivary histone deacetylase in periodontal disease: A cross‐sectional pilot study
Authors: Liaw Andrew , Liu Chun , Bartold Mark , Ivanovski Sašo , Han Pingping 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the study was to profile the expression level of histone deacetylase enzymes (HDACs) in human saliva in periodontal health, gingivitis and periodontitis.BackgroundHDACs are epigenetic modulators and a group of enzymes that catalyse the removal of acetyl functional groups from the lysine residues of both histone and nonhistone proteins. HDACs have been detected in gingival tissues and may provide valuable insight into the periodontal inflammatory response. However, no studies have investigated the expression of HDACs in saliva from periodontitis‐affected individuals and their capacity for periodontal diagnostics and screening.Materials and MethodsWhole unstimulated saliva was collected from 53 participants (17 healthy, 14 gingivitis and 22 stages III/IV periodontitis). The expression of 11 HDACs in saliva samples was determined using RT‐qPCR and diagnostic power was calculated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the ROC Curve (AUC).ResultsRelative to health, the expression of HDAC4, 8 and 10 was downregulated in gingivitis, and the expression of HDAC4, 6, 8 and 9 was downregulated in periodontitis. Increased HDAC1 and decreased HDAC9 expression were observed in periodontitis compared to gingivitis. Higher HDAC1 and lower HDAC6 and 9 expression was observed in periodontitis compared to non‐periodontitis (combining health and gingivitis). Expression of HDAC3, 4, 8, 9 and 10 was significantly decreased in periodontal disease (combining gingivitis and periodontitis) compared to health. HDAC4 and 8 exhibited an excellent diagnostic capacity for distinguishing gingivitis and periodontal disease from health (AUC 0.79–0.86). HDAC9 showed an acceptable power in discriminating periodontitis from health, gingivitis and non‐periodontitis (AUC 0.76–0.80). Salivary HDAC enzyme activity showed no significant difference among the groups.ConclusionThis pilot study has demonstrated the differential expression of HDACs in human saliva for the first time and identified HDAC4, 8 and 9 as potential biomarkers in periodontal diagnosis.
The Food4Years Ageing Network: Improving foods and diets as a strategy for supporting quality of life, independence and healthspan in older adults
Authors: Clegg Miriam E. , Methven Lisa , Lanham‐New Susan A. , Green Mark A. , Duggal Niharika A. , Hetherington Marion M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBy 2050, it is predicted that one in four people in the United Kingdom will be aged 65 years and over. Increases in lifespan are not always translated into years spent in good health. Incidence rates for chronic diseases are increasing, with treatments allowing people to live longer with their disease. There is good evidence to support changes to lifestyle to maintain or improve body composition, cognitive health, musculoskeletal health, immune function and vascular health in older adults. Much research has been done in this area, which has produced significant support for foods and nutrients that contribute to improved healthspan. Yet two major barriers remain: firstly, older adult consumers are not meeting current UK recommendations for macro‐ and micronutrients that could benefit health and quality of life and secondly, the UK‐specific recommendations may not be sufficient to support the ageing population, particularly for nutrients with key physiological roles. More work is needed to improve intakes of specific foods, diets and nutrients by older adults, through a variety of mechanisms including (i) development of specific food products; (ii) improved clarity of information and (iii) appropriate marketing, and policy changes to enable incentives. The Food4Years Ageing Network aims to build a wide‐reaching and multidisciplinary community that is committed to the development, integration and communication of healthy, affordable foods and specific diets for all older adults across the UK food landscape. The Network will identify evidence‐based strategies for improving food intake and nutrition in older adults, paving the way to “living well while living longer.”
Polymeric carbon nitride as a platform for photoelectrochemical water‐splitting cells
Authors: Volokh Michael , Shalom Menny 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPolymeric carbon nitride (CN) materials are promising low‐cost photocatalysts that exhibit a combination of chemical and physical properties suitable for converting light into redox activity on their surface. In this perspective, we describe our experience with this family of materials as light absorbers that serve as an anode in photoelectrochemical cells toward water‐splitting. We describe some of the CN deposition techniques and procedures established in our lab. The knowledge gained from powder‐based photocatalysis is implemented in photoelectrochemical scenarios and is used to determine the merits and shortcomings of resulting layers. We show how the preparation methods are oriented based on these factors and how high photoelectrochemical water‐splitting activity develops in photoanodes we developed where CN(s) act as photoabsorbers. Lastly, we present our view on the future prospects of this field.
ETS1 regulates NDRG1 to promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC
Authors: Sheng Xun , Li Xudong , Qian Yemei , Wang Shuhui , Xiao Chunjie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the molecular mechanism by which the transcription factor ETS1 regulates N‐myc downstream regulatory gene 1 (NDRG1) to provide a new theoretical basis for the study of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).MethodsIn this study, eight human OSCC and paraneoplastic samples were collected. The expressions of NDRG1, ETS1, and Ki67 were detected by immunohistochemistry; apoptosis was detected by tdt‐mediated dUTP notched end labeling; cell migration and invasion were detected by Transwell; quantitative real‐time PCR was performed to detect the expression of NDRG1; RNA‐binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays detected NDRG1 expression; immunofluorescence assays detected ETS1 expression.ResultsNDRG1 and ETS1 expression was significantly upregulated in cancer tissues and CAL‐27 and SCC‐6 cells. Knockdown of NDRG1 and ETS1 inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cloning, and EMT while promoting apoptosis and inhibited tumor development; ETS1 positively regulated NDRG1 expression; Finally, overexpression of NDRG1 in vivo and in vitro reversed the effect of ETS1 knockdown on CAL‐27 and SCC‐6 cells.ConclusionsETS1 positively regulates the expression of NDRG1 and promotes OSCC. Therefore, ETS1 may serve as a new target for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of OSCC.
Acceptable Fusion Rate of Single‐Level OLIF Using Pure Allograft Combined with Posterior Instrumentation through the Wiltse Approach: A 2‐Year Follow‐Up Study
Authors: Xu Qingyin , Lu Zeyu , Chen Pengbo , Li Bo , Zheng Xinfeng , Jiang Shengdan , Jiang Leisheng 
Published: January 2023

ObjectiveAutogenic bone grafts have shown successful fusion rates in the treatment of degenerative lumbar disorders, but taking too many autogenic bones may result in donor site ischemia or infection. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of single‐level oblique lumbar interbody fusion (OLIF) using pure allograft combined with posterior pedicle screw instrumentation through the Wiltse approach.MethodsA retrospective case analysis was performed on a series of consecutive patients who received a single‐level OLIF procedure combined with posterior pedicle screw instrumentation through the Wiltse approach between July 1, 2017, and December 31, 2019, in which pure allogenic bone graft was used and filled in the large window of the cage. The patients were followed up as scheduled at 1 day and 3, 6, 12, 24 months after operation. Clinical outcome was assessed by multiple questionnaires, including Oswestry disability index (ODI), Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score rating system, short form‐36 health survey (SF‐36), and visual analog scale (VAS) for low back pain. Radiographic outcome was evaluated by measuring the parameters such as disc height, lumbar lordosis, and segmental angle on the standard standing lateral radiographs, and the space angle of the fusion level on the dynamic views of the lateral radiographs. Subsidence of the cage and intervertebral fusion status were evaluated on both the radiographic and CT scan images.ResultsA total of 34 patients were finally included in this study. At 2‐year follow‐up, the VAS for low back pain, ODI, JOA, and SF‐36 scores all had significant improvement (p < 0.001). Substantial increase of anterior and posterior disc heights was observed (p < 0.001). Both lumbar lordosis and segmental angle became larger (p < 0.05). No visible change of the space angle of the fusion level was found on the dynamic views. The 1‐year fusion rate of 73.5% on CT scans proceeded to 82.4% at 2‐year follow‐up. The fusion rate was as high as 91.2% according to Bridwell interbody fusion grading system on radiographic images. The clinical outcomes in patients with incomplete fusion were just as good as those with complete fusion. The six patients with cage subsidence had higher ODI (p < 0.001) and lower JOA (p < 0.001) and SF‐36 PCS (p = 0.011) scores than those without cage subsidence.ConclusionThe use of pure allograft in single‐level OLIF resulted in an acceptable fusion rate and satisfactory clinical effect at 2‐year follow‐up. Supplementation of posterior pedicle screw through the minimally invasive Wiltse approach ensured the favorable outcomes both clinically and radiographically.
Nagashima‐type palmoplantar keratoderma: Case series and two novel variants
Authors: Braun Mitchell , Choate Keith A. , Mathes Erin F. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNagashima‐type palmoplantar keratoderma (PPK) is an autosomal recessive PPK. We report four patients, highlight two new genetic variants, and emphasize the possibility of misdiagnosing the condition. Concomitant atopic dermatitis, specifically, may make correct diagnosis challenging. Clinicians should consider the diagnosis of Nagashima‐type PPK in patients presenting with mild PPK with transgrediens and understand the importance of individualized multimodal treatment regimens.
Transitions from jail to rural community for adults with mental illness
Authors: Langley Carrie Ann , McEwen Marylyn Morris 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesDescribe the facilitators and inhibitors of accessing healthcare services for adults with mental illness transitioning from a rural jail to a rural community.Design/Sample/MeasurementsA qualitative descriptive approach was used to conduct this study in a rural southwest county. Purposive sampling was used to recruit eight adults. Data were collected using semi‐structured telephonic interviews and analyzed using open coding and thematic analysis with clustering of emergent data.ResultsThe overarching theme, “Out of Jail, but No Freedom,” is supported by four domains: Situational Transition Facilitators; Situational Transition Inhibitors; Health‐Illness Transition Facilitators; and Health‐Illness Transition Inhibitors.ConclusionsTransitions from the rural jail to the community were facilitated by friends, family, and peer navigators. Systemic inequality endemic within the justice system and exacerbated by rurality creates an environment in which marginalization is ubiquitous for persons with mental illness and inhibits their transition from jail to the rural community. Nurses are well positioned to lead systematic reform in public policy, guiding healthcare funding, and jail utilization.
Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Indoor Low Concentration Gaseous Formaldehyde by Asymmetric Silveriodate Composited with 2D or 3D Bismuth Oxybromide
Authors: Lin Guo Liang , Liu Min Yi , Lin Ao Xiang , Lu Dong Wang , Wu Shi Chang , Chen Yi Lan , Song Xu Chun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFormaldehyde is one of the most hazardous and typical indoor VOCs air pollutants. Asymmetric AgIO3 was respectively composited with 3D hierarchically structured BiOBr and 2D BiOBr nanosheets to photodegrade gas‐phase formaldehyde. Ag/AgIO3/BiOBr(CMC) demonstrated better photocatalytic performance than Ag/AgIO3/BiOBr owning to the role of biomass solvent sodium carboxymethyl cellulose in increasing the specific surface area, reducing the band gap and changing the dominant facets. Moreover, Ag nanoparticles coming from the reduction in AgIO3 were confirmed by XRD, SEM and XPS. The surface plasma resonance effect of Ag NPs improved the efficiency of the light quantum. Besides, different exposed facets of {010} in BiOBr(CMC) and {001} in BiOBr resulted in distinct oxygen vacancy structures. could be generated via a two‐electron transfer pathway on the {010} dominant facets surface in AABR‐CMC, leading to the change in photolysis pathway and facilitating more ·OH produced by AABR‐CMC. Compared with pure AgIO3 and BiOBr or BiOBr(CMC), the photocatalytic efficiency of the composites was improved significantly. Optimal photodegradation efficiency for HCHO was achieved for AABR‐75 and AABR‐CMC50.
Functions and interaction of plant lipid signalling under abiotic stresses
Authors: Liang Y. , Huang Y. , Liu C. , Chen K. , Li M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLipids are the primary form of energy storage and a major component of plasma membranes, which form the interface between the cell and the extracellular environment. Several lipids — including phosphoinositide, phosphatidic acid, sphingolipids, lysophospholipids, oxylipins, and free fatty acids — also serve as substrates for the generation of signalling molecules. Abiotic stresses, such as drought and temperature stress, are known to affect plant growth. In addition, abiotic stresses can activate certain lipid‐dependent signalling pathways that control the expression of stress‐responsive genes and contribute to plant stress adaptation. Many studies have focused either on the enzymatic production and metabolism of lipids, or on the mechanisms of abiotic stress response. However, there is little information regarding the roles of plant lipids in plant responses to abiotic stress. In this review, we describe the metabolism of plant lipids and discuss their involvement in plant responses to abiotic stress. As such, this review provides crucial background for further research on the interactions between plant lipids and abiotic stress.