bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of defect‐induced bandgap intermediate states on the photovoltaic performance of KN‐based ferroelectric ceramics
Authors: Deng Tingcong , Su Mingwei , Meng Liufang , Zhu Baohua , Yuan Changlai , Liu Xiao , Zhou Changrong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe inversion asymmetry of polar crystals enables ferroelectric ceramics to possess unique physical properties, among which the anomalous photovoltaic effect drives their potential application in photovoltaic conversion. Semiconducting (1−x) KNbO3−xBaNi.5Hf.5O3−δ (KNBNH, x = 2, 4, 6, 8%) ferroelectric ceramics with enhanced photovoltaic performance were prepared by utilizing conventional solid‐state sintering strategies. In these ceramics, the defect‐induced bandgap intermediate state is derived from the 3d split state of Ni and plays a dominant role in lowering the bandgap of KN. The defective bandgap state induced by Ni in KNBNH promotes its absorption of light and the separation of photogenerated carriers, thus enhancing its photovoltaic response. The KNBNH6 shows a maximum value of 138.7 nA/cm2 for short‐circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) among these ceramics, which is further enhanced to 702.9 nA/cm2 after 30 kV/cm polarization. Structural investigations after polarization indicate that polarization induced lattice distortion in KNBNH6, leading to an increase in the polarity of its cells. This work provides an understanding of defect‐induced bandgap states and high‐field polarization to enhance ferroelectric photovoltaic properties.
Linezolid: a safer and effective substitute to aminoglycoside in the treatment of actinomycetoma by Nocardia species
Authors: Chhabra Namrata , Sri Preethaa , Ganguly Satyaki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractActinomycetoma is chronic, suppurative, granulomatous infection caused by bacteria and requires prolonged antibiotic therapy preferrably in combinations. Nephrotoxicity is a common side effect of aminoglycosides used in the management of actinomycetoma. We report here two cases of actinomycetoma due to Nocardia species who received linezolid as a substitute to aminoglycosides after developing nephrotoxicity.
Effects of a walking exercise programme on disease activity, sleep quality, and quality of life in systemic lupus erythematosus patients
Authors: Lin Miao‐Chiu , Livneh Hanoch , Lu Ming‐Chi , Chang Chia‐Hao , Chen Min‐Li , Tsai Tzung‐Yi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimThis quasi‐experimental study aimed to explore effects of walking exercise on disease activity, sleep quality, and quality of life among individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus.MethodsAfter recruiting people with systemic lupus erythematosus from a hospital in Taiwan between October 2020 and June 2021, participants were free to opt to receive one walking exercise programme plus standard care for 3 months or to membership of a control group receiving routine care. Primary outcomes included Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Score, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Scale, and a quality‐of‐life scale for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, namely, LupusQoL. These scales were administered first, at baseline and later, within 1 week following completion of the intervention. Between‐group effects were compared using generalized estimating equations with adjustment for baseline variables.ResultsThe experimental and control groups each included 40 participants. Multivariate analysis indicated that adding the walking exercise programme into routine care elevated sleep quality and LupusQoL (the latter in the subscales of physical health, planning, and intimate relationships), except for disease activity.ConclusionFindings of this study supported the addition of walking exercise as part of routine care for people with systemic lupus erythematosus and may be a reference in the provision of adequate care for these patients.
Effect of Ga3+ ion doping on emission thermal stability and efficiency of MgAl2O4:Cr3+ phosphor
Authors: Yin Xiaomeng , Qiang Ming , Lin Hui , Zhang Dawei , Hong Ruijin , Han Zhaoxia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this work, we fabricated a novel spinel‐type phosphor material MgAl2−xGaxO4 doped with Cr3+ by the high‐temperature solid‐state sintering method. The crystal field environment of the spinel was tuned by replacing the Al ions with Ga3+ ions of different concentrations. The cell volume and Dq/B gradient increase from 2.82 to 2.62 with increasing Ga3+ ion doping concentration. This also implies a gradual decrease in the field strength of the crystal. Based on this, the excitation spectra of MgAl1.995−xGaxO4:0.5%Cr3+ phosphors yield a redshift. Increasing the Ga3+ ion doping concentration also improves the emission intensity and thermal stability of the phosphors, and the emission intensity of the Ga3+‐doped phosphors is significantly increased. For a Ga/Al ratio of 1, the thermal stability of the phosphor emission is optimal. The emission intensity at 140°C can maintain 76% of the emission intensity at room temperature, indicating that appropriate Ga3+ ion doping can improve the emission efficiency and thermal stability of the phosphors.
The recognition, assessment and perceptions of total pain in people with profound intellectual disabilities: A mixed methods systematic review
Authors: Goodall Maeve , Irving Kate , Nevin Mary 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPeople with profound intellectual disabilities are a population with complex comorbidities. Total pain recognises the interconnectedness of aspects of pain; social, psychological, physical, emotional, spiritual. Pain is under‐recognised due to communication challenges and carers perceptions. This review's purpose is to synthesise current literature and provide guidance for future research and care.MethodsFive databases were searched in this mixed methods systematic review (Cinahl, Medline, Psycinfo, Web of Science, Scopus). Articles retrieved were reported via a PRISMA flow diagram. Quality appraisal utilised the mixed methods appraisal tool (MMAT). A convergent qualitative design was the method of data synthesis.ResultsData from 16 included articles generated four themes; Absent voices, reductionist assessment, pain intensity, valuing expertise. Data included physical pain only.ConclusionMultifaceted pain needs inclusion in research. Assessment must consider the unique expressions of pain by individuals with profound intellectual disabilities. A sharing of expertise may improve pain care.
Effects of the Attune & Stimulate‐checklist for caregivers of people with severe and profound intellectual disabilities: A randomised controlled trial
Authors: Doodeman Tanja W. M. , Schuengel Carlo , Sterkenburg Paula S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundSensitive responsiveness is an important aspect in affect‐regulation of people with severe to profound intellectual disabilities.AimThis randomized controlled trial evaluated the Attune & Stimulate‐checklist, a tool for detecting subtle and idiosyncratic communicative behaviours and responding adequately.MethodsEffects on the sensitive responsiveness of professional caregivers and the arousal and valence of adults with severe to profound intellectual disabilities were investigated. Video recordings of 102 interactions were analysed with several observation instruments.ResultsAlthough no significant effect was found on the checklist‐suggestions of responsive behaviours (d = 0.33, p = .052), the intervention increased caregivers’ sensitive responsive and affective behaviour (d = 0.94 – 1.10, p < .001) and clients’ optimal arousal (d = 0.48, p = .019) and interactive engagement (d = 0.40 – 0.48, p = .018 ‐ .050).ConclusionThis low‐intensity intervention had a medium to large immediate effect on the interaction. Future research should investigate medium‐ and long‐term effects.
A Correlational Study Of Midwives’ Self‐Compassion, Psychosocial Health, and Well‐Being During the First Wave of COVID‐19: What Have We Learned?
Authors: Liebergall‐Wischnitzer Michal , Noble Anita , Raz Iris , Halperin Ofra 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionDuring the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic, midwives worked in a threatening environment and worried about themselves and their families becoming infected. Self‐compassion is defined as an attitude of self‐kindness that is supported by a balanced attitude toward negative thoughts or feelings and may contribute to the psychosocial health and well‐being. The purpose of this study was to describe midwives’ self‐compassion, psychosocial health, and well‐being and the correlation between them.MethodsThis was a descriptive correlational study using a survey administered online during May, 2020. Participants included midwives who worked in labor and delivery units across Israel during the beginning of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Measures included a demographic questionnaire; the Self‐Compassion Scale Short Form (SCS‐SF), which has 12 items in 6 subscales; and the psychosocial health and well‐being questionnaire, a short version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, which has 24 items in 6 subscales.ResultsParticipants (N = 144) reported a moderate‐high level of self‐compassion with a mean (SD) SCS‐SF score of 3.57 (0.69). The mean (SD) psychosocial well‐being score was 30.72 (13.57). The burnout subscale score had the highest mean (46.27), representing a high level of burnout. A minority (11.3%) of midwives considered resigning their midwifery positions. A higher level of self‐compassion correlated with better psychosocial well‐being (r = −0.466; P < .001). The highest correlation was found between the SCS‐SF and the psychosocial health and well‐being subscale for depressive symptoms (r = −0.574; P < .001).DiscussionDuring the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic, midwives had a moderate‐high grade of self‐compassion and good psychosocial well‐being. Midwives with higher self‐compassion had better psychosocial well‐being. The findings could inform the development of programs to increase midwives’ self‐compassion, and psychosocial well‐being and the quality of midwifery care, in times of stability and during future pandemics or disasters.
A computerized facial approximation method for Homo sapiens based on facial soft tissue thickness depths and geometric morphometrics
Authors: Shui Wuyang , Wu Xiujie , Zhou Mingquan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFacial approximation (FA) provides a promising means of generating the possible facial appearance of a deceased person. It facilitates exploration of the evolutionary forces driving anatomical changes in ancestral humans and can capture public attention. Despite the recent progress made toward improving the performance of FA methods, a limited understanding of detailed quantitative craniofacial relationships between facial bone and soft tissue morphology may hinder their accuracy, and hence subjective experience and artistic interpretation are required. In this study, we explored craniofacial relationships among human populations based upon average facial soft tissue thickness depths (FSTDs) and covariations between hard and soft tissues of the nose and mouth using geometric morphometrics. Furthermore, we proposed a computerized method to assign the learned craniofacial relationships to generate a probable facial appearance of Homo sapiens, reducing human intervention. A smaller resemblance comparison (an average Procrustes distance was 0.0258 and an average Euclidean distance was 1.79 mm) between approximated and actual faces and a greater recognition rate (91.67%) tested by a face pool indicated that average dense FSTDs contributed to raising the accuracy of approximated faces. Results of partial least squares (PLS) analysis showed that nasal and oral hard tissues have an effect on their soft tissues separately. However, relatively weaker RV correlations (<0.4) and greater approximation errors suggested that we need to be cautious about the accuracy of the approximated nose and mouth soft tissue shapes from bony structures. Overall, the proposed method can facilitate investigations of craniofacial relationships and potentially improve the reliability of the approximated faces for use in numerous applications in forensic science, archaeology, and anthropology.
Medical and surgical nurses' approach to patient pressure injury prevention education: An integrative review
Authors: Deakin Jodie , Latimer Sharon , Walker Rachel M. , Gillespie Brigid M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimsIdentify and synthesise the published literature on the approaches and practices nurses use during the delivery of pressure injury prevention (PIP) education to hospitalised medical and surgical patients.DesignAn integrated review.MethodsWhitmore and Knaff's (2005) five‐stage methodology guided this review: (1) research problem identification; (2) literature search; (3) data evaluation; (4) data analysis; and (5) results. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (2020) Statement was followed. The quality of included studies was assessed using the Mixed Method Appraisal Tool (2018). Extracted data were analysed using inductive content analysis.Data SourcesJournal publication dates from 1992 to 2022. Systematic searches of CINAHL (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature) complete, Embase, PsycINFO (via Ovid) and Scopus databases were undertaken.ResultsA total of 3892 articles were initially identified, four quantitative and two qualitative studies were included. Articles were published between 2013 and 2022.Two themes were identified: responsibility and workplace culture determine nurses' approach to PIP education delivery; and nurses tailor education strategies to address challenges and opportunities for PIP education delivery.ConclusionNurses require resources to facilitate approaches to PIP education with medical and surgical patients. In the absence of clear instruction to support nurses' practice, PIP education for patients is at best delivered in an informal and ad hoc manner. Nurses require accessible education resources to enable them to tailor the content and frequency of PIP education to patients in med‐surg settings.Patient or Public ContributionNo patient or public contribution.
Efficacy of cranial electrotherapy stimulation on mood and sense of well‐being in people with subclinical insomnia
Authors: Hong Jung Kyung , Yoon In‐Young 
Published: June 2023

SummaryCranial electrotherapy stimulation is a non‐invasive brain stimulation method characterised by using a microcurrent. The objective of the study was to investigate whether a novel device with a stable supplement of electronic stimulation would improve sleep and the accompanying mood symptoms in people with subclinical insomnia. People who had insomnia symptoms without meeting the criteria for chronic insomnia disorder were recruited and randomly assigned to an active or a sham device group. They were required to use the provided device for 30 min each time, twice a day for 2 weeks. Outcome measures included questionnaires for sleep, depression, anxiety, and quality of life, 4 day actigraphy, and 64‐channel electroencephalography. Fifty‐nine participants (male 35.6%) with a mean age of 41.1 ± 12.0 years were randomised. Improvement of depression (p = 0.032) and physical well‐being (p = 0.041) were significant in the active device group compared with the sham device group. Anxiety was also improved in the active device group, although the improvement was not statistically significant (p = 0.090). Regarding sleep, both groups showed a significant improvement in subjective rating, showing no significant group difference. The change in electroencephalography after the 2 week intervention was significantly different between the two groups, especially for occipital delta (p = 0.008) and beta power (p = 0.012), and temporo‐parieto‐occipital theta (p = 0.022). In conclusion, cranial electrotherapy stimulation can serve as an adjunctive therapy to ameliorate psychological symptoms and to alter brain activity. The effects of the device in a clinical population and an optimal set of parameters of stimulation should be further investigated.
Effect of statins on the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation: An illusion revealed by exposure density sampling
Authors: Kim Deok‐Gie , Yim Seung Hyuk , Min Eun‐Ki , Choi Mun Chae , Kim Myoung Soo , Joo Dong Jin , Lee Jae Geun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundStatins have been reported to reduce overall death and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence in liver transplantation (LT) recipients. However, previous retrospective studies have significant flaws in immortal time bias.MethodsUsing data from 658 patients who received LT for HCC, we matched 140 statin users with statin nonusers in a 1:2 ratio at the time of the first statin administration after LT using the exposure density sampling (EDS). The propensity score, calculated using baseline variables (including explant pathology), was used for EDS to equilibrate both groups. HCC recurrence and overall death were compared after adjusting for information at the time of sampling.ResultsAmong statin users, the median time to statin start was 219 (IQR 98–570) days, and intensity of statins was mainly moderate (87.1%). Statin users and nonusers sampled using EDS showed well‐balanced baseline characteristics, including detailed tumour pathology, and similar HCC recurrence with cumulative incidences of 11.3% and 11.8% at 5 years, respectively (p = .861). In multivariate Cox models (HR 1.04, p = .918) and subgroup analyses, statins did not affect HCC recurrence. Conversely, statin users showed a significantly lower risk of overall death than nonusers (HR 0.28, p < .001). There was no difference in the type and intensity of statin usage between statin users who experienced HCC recurrence and those who did not.ConclusionUpon controlling immortal time bias by EDS, statins did not affect HCC recurrence but reduced mortality after LT. Statin usage is encouraged for survival benefits but not for preventing HCC recurrence in LT recipients.
OsFBN7–OsKAS I module promotes formation of plastoglobules clusters in rice chloroplasts
Authors: Li Jiajia , Kong Dongyan , Song Ting , Hu Zhenzhu , Li Qiang , Xiao Benze , Kessler Felix , Zhang Zhengfeng , Xie Guosheng 
Published: June 2023

Summary

Plastoglobules (PGs) contiguous with the outer leaflets of thylakoid membranes regulate lipid metabolism, plastid developmental transitions, and responses to environmental stimuli. However, the function of OsFBN7, a PG‐core fibrillin gene in rice, has not been elucidated.

Using molecular genetics and physiobiochemical approaches, we observed that OsFBN7 overexpression promoted PG clustering in rice chloroplasts.

OsFBN7 interacted with two KAS I enzymes, namely OsKAS Ia and OsKAS Ib, in rice chloroplasts. Lipidomic analysis of chloroplast subcompartments, including PGs in the OsFBN7 overexpression lines, confirmed that levels of diacylglycerol (DAG), a chloroplast lipid precursor and monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG), the main chloroplast membrane lipids, were increased in PGs and chloroplasts. Furthermore, OsFBN7 enhanced the abundances of OsKAS Ia/Ib in planta and their stability under oxidative and heat stresses. In addition, RNA sequencing and real‐time quantitative reverse‐transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) analyses showed that the expression of the DAG synthetase gene PAP1 and MGDG synthase gene MDG2 was upregulated by OsFBN7.

In conclusion, this study proposes a new model in which OsFBN7 binds to OsKAS Ia/Ib in chloroplast and enhances their abundance and stability, thereby regulating the chloroplast and PG membrane lipids involved in the formation of PG clusters.
A novel proxy to examine interspecific phosphorus facilitation between plant species
Authors: Yu Rui‐Peng , Su Ye , Lambers Hans , van Ruijven Jasper , An Ran , Yang Hao , Yin Xiao‐Tong , Xing Yi , Zhang Wei‐Ping , Li Long 
Published: June 2023

SummaryResource complementarity can contribute to enhanced ecosystem functioning in diverse plant communities, but the role of facilitation in the enhanced complementarity is poorly understood.Here, we use leaf manganese concentration ([Mn]) as a proxy for rhizosheath carboxylate concentration to explore novel mechanisms of complementarity mediated by phosphorus (P) facilitation.In pot experiments, we showed that mixtures involvingCarex korshinskyi, an efficient P‐mobilizing species, exhibited greater biomass and relative complementarity effect than combinations withoutC. korshinskyion P‐deficient soils. Compared with monocultures, leaf [Mn] and [P] of species that are inefficient at P mobilization increased by 27% and 21% when grown withC. korshinskyi(i.e. interspecific P facilitation via carboxylates) rather than next to another inefficient P‐mobilizing species. This experimental result was supported by a meta‐analysis including a range of efficient P‐mobilizing species. Phosphorus facilitation enhanced the relative complementarity effect in low‐P environments, related to a greater change in several facilitated species of their root morphological traits relative to those in monoculture.Using leaf [Mn] as a proxy, we highlight a vital mechanism of interspecific P facilitation via belowground processes and provide evidence for the pivotal role of P facilitation mediated by the plasticity of root traits in biodiversity research.
Risk factors of pediatric ocular trauma related to ophthalmic complications
Authors: Mori Takaaki , Kinoshita Masakazu , Nomura Osamu , Ihara Takateru 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundOcular injury is a leading cause of monocular blindness in children. However, data on the association of injury type with ophthalmological complications are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors of pediatric ocular injuries related to ophthalmological complications.MethodsThis retrospective, observational study was conducted in a pediatric emergency department (ED) in Japan from March 2010 to March 2021. Patients aged less than 16 years presenting with ocular trauma, diagnosed on the basis of the International Classification of Diseases 10: S05, 0–9, were enrolled. Emergency department follow‐up visits for the same complaint were excluded. The patients' sex, age, arrival time, injury mechanism, symptoms, examinations, diagnosis, history of urgent ophthalmological consultation, outcomes, and ophthalmological complications were investigated. The primary endpoints were the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of the incidence of ophthalmological complications, defined as any new acute complaint or worsening/persistence of an initial complaint following or resulting from ocular trauma.ResultsIn total, 469 patients were analyzed. The median age was 7.3 years; the interquartile range (IQR) was 3.1–11.5 years. The most common diagnosis was contusion (79.3%), followed by lamellar laceration (11.7%). Seven patients (1.5%) had ophthalmological complications during follow up. Bivariate analysis demonstrated that daytime ED visit, impact with a sharp object, animal‐related injury, visual impairment, decreased visual acuity, and open globe injury were factors significantly associated with ophthalmological complications.ConclusionDaytime ED visit, impact with a sharp object, animal‐related injury, visual impairment, decreased visual acuity, and open globe injury were independent factors of ophthalmological complications.