bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Movement and behavioral states of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in response to a behavioral deterrent in a navigational lock
Authors: Raboin Maggie , Plumb John M. , Sholtis Matthew D. , Smith David L. , Jackson P. Ryan , Rivera Jose M. , Suski Cory D. , Cupp Aaron R. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Freshwater ecosystems are some of the most affected by biological invasions due, in part, to the introduction of invasive carp worldwide. Where carp have become established, management programs often seek to limit further range expansion into new areas by reducing their movement through interconnected rivers and waterways. Lock and dams are important locations for non-physical deterrents, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), to reduce unwanted fish passage without disrupting human use. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the behavioral responses of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) to non-physical deterrents within a navigation structure on the Fox River, Wisconsin. Acoustic telemetry combined with hidden Markov models (HMMs) was used to analyze variation in carp responses to treatments. Outcomes may inform CO2 effectiveness at preventing invasive carp movement through movement pinch-points.

Methods
Carbon dioxide (CO2) was recently registered as a pesticide in the United States for use as a deterrent to invasive carp movement. As a part of a multi-component study to test a large-scale CO2 delivery system within a navigation lock, we characterized the influence of elevated CO2 and forced water circulation in the lock chamber on carp movements and behavior. Through time-to-event analyses, we described the responses of acoustic-tagged carp to experimental treatments including (1) CO2 injection in water with forced water circulation, (2) forced water circulation without CO2 and (3) no forced water circulation or CO2. We then used hidden Markov models (HMMs) to define fine-scale carp movement and evaluate the relationships between carp behavioral states and CO2 concentration, forced water circulation, and temperature.

Results
Forced water circulation with and without CO2 injection were effective at expelling carp from the lock chamber relative to null treatments where no stimulus was applied. A portion of carp exposed to forced water circulation with CO2 transitioned from an exploratory to an encamped behavioral state with shorter step-lengths and a unimodal distribution in turning angles, resulting in some carp remaining in the lock chamber. Whereas carp exposed to forced water circulation only remained primarily in an exploratory behavioral state, resulting in all carp exiting the lock chamber.

Conclusion
Our findings illustrate the potential of forced water circulation, alone, as a non-physical deterrent and the efficacy of CO2 injection with forced water circulation in expelling carp from a navigation lock. Results demonstrate how acoustic telemetry and HMMs in an experimental context can describe fish behavior and inform management strategies.
Advanced imaging techniques applied to the Knossos statuette inscription
Authors: Gleeson Len 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The inscription of the statuette from Knossos, Heraklion Archaeological Museum Λ 95, has proven over the years to be exceedingly difficult for the correct identification of its hieroglyphic signs. The signs vary widely in their quality of engraving, with some being so small and shallow that they cannot be recognized at all by traditional techniques, and the stone’s surface shows evidence of ‘staining’ after many centuries of burial in the temperate soil. Furthermore, it appears that some signs were never actually completely engraved, with what appears to be remnants of the original marking paint, now bridging areas of disjoint engravings. Optical Profilometry equipment was employed to unambiguously resolve the engraved parts of the inscription, while Multi-Spectral Imaging was used to identify the areas of remnant marking paint.
Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of antioxidant phenolics from Corchorus olitorius leaves: a response surface optimization
Authors: Biswas Ashok , Dey Susmita , Xiao Aiping , Deng Yong , Birhanie Ziggiju Mesenbet , Roy Rana , Akhter Delara , Liu Liangliang , Li Defang 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Besides fibre production, Corchorusolitorius is considered a nutritional and medicinal plant in traditional medicine. Its leaves possess different antioxidant compounds and display various biological properties. This study optimized the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) parameters like temperature, time, solvent concentration, and liquid–solid ratio for total flavonoids (TFC) and total polyphenols content (TPC) from leaves employing response surface methodology (RSM).

Results
Findings demonstrated that under the optimized conditions, the highest extraction yield of total flavonoids (7.17 mg QE/g DW) and total polyphenol content (13.92 mg GAE/g DW) were recorded with the ethanol concentration 70.92%, temperature 68.06 °C, liquid–solid ratio 48.80 mL/mg, and ultrasound irradiation time 37.20 min. The optimum value of TFC (6.96 mg QE/g DW) and TPC (13.38 mg GAE/g DW) from the experiment of verification of optimized conditions was close to the predicted value and significantly superior to the conventional heat reflux extraction (HRE). LC–MS and HPLC analysis of the optimized extract from UAE demonstrated the existence of six major phenolic compounds, including chlorogenic acid, isoquercetin, hyperoside, adhyperforin, 1,3-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, and 3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid. Furthermore, the antioxidant test of the UAE leaves extract revealed an excellent 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•), 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+•) and hydroxyl radical scavenging with IC50 values of 226.29, 199.53 and 402.02 µg/mL, respectively, compared to HRE with 336.31 µg/mL, 253.86 µg/mL, 520.08 µg/mL.

Conclusions
The developed optimization method could contribute to the good recovery of natural antioxidants from C. olitorius in the pharmaceuticals and food industries.

Graphical Abstract
Continuous user identification in distance learning: a recent technology perspective
Authors: Portugal David , Faria José N. , Belk Marios , Martins Pedro , Constantinides Argyris , Pietron Anna , Pitsillides Andreas , Avouris Nikolaos , Fidas Christos A. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe worldwide shift to distance learning at Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) during the COVID-19 global pandemic has raised several concerns about the credibility of online academic activities, especially regarding student identity management. Traditional online frameworks cannot guarantee the authenticity of the enrolled student, which requires instructors to manually verify their identities, a time-consuming task that compromises academic quality. This article presents a comprehensive review of existing efforts around continuous user identification, focusing on intelligent proctoring systems and automatic identification methods, as well as their applicability in this domain. We conclude that there is a clear need for continuous user identification technology by HEIs, but existing systems lack agile system integration models that combine many inputs, such as face, voice and behavioural data in a practical manner, and encounter numerous barriers related to data protection during implementation.
Relation of land surface temperature with different vegetation indices using multi-temporal remote sensing data in Sahiwal region, Pakistan
Authors: Hussain Sajjad , Raza Ali , Abdo Hazem Ghassan , Mubeen Muhammad , Tariq Aqil , Nasim Wajid , Majeed Muhammad , Almohamad Hussein , Al Dughairi Ahmed Abdullah 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAt the global and regional scales, green vegetation cover has the ability to affect the climate and land surface fluxes. Climate is an important factor which plays an important role in vegetation cover. This research aimed to study the changes in land cover and relation of different vegetation indices with temperature using multi-temporal satellite data in Sahiwal region, Pakistan. Supervised classification method (maximum likelihood algorithm) was used to achieve the land cover classification based on ground-truthing. Our research denoted that during the last 24 years, almost 24,773.1 ha (2.43%) of vegetation area has been converted to roads and built-up areas. The built-up area increased in coverage from 43,255.54 ha (4.24%) from 1998 to 2022 in study area. Average land surface temperature (LST) values were calculated at 16.6 °C and 35.15 °C for winter and summer season, respectively. In Sahiwal region, the average RVI, DVI, TVI, EVI, NDVI and SAVI values were noted as 0.19, 0.21, 0.26, 0.28, 0.30 and 0.25 respectively. For vegetation indices and LST relation, statistical linear regression analysis indicated that kappa coefficient values were R2 = 0.79 for RVI, 0.75 for DVI, 0.78 for DVI, 0.81 for EVI, 0.83 for NDVI and 0.80 for SAVI related with LST. The remote sensing (RS) technology can be used to monitor changes in vegetation indices values over time, providing valuable information for sustainable land use management. Even though the findings on land cover provide significant references for reasoned and optimal use of land resources through policy implications.
Anterior knee pain and sit‐up tests predicts patients’ satisfaction and improvement in quality of life after anterior stabilized total knee replacement without patellar resurfacing
Authors: Barahona Maximiliano , Barrientos Cristian , Alegría Anselmo , Barahona Macarena A. , Navarro Tomas , Hinzpeter Jaime , Palet Miguel , Zamorano Álvaro , Catalán Jaime , Infante Carlos 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPurposeThe purpose of this study was to assess patient satisfaction and identify risk factors for dissatisfaction after anterior stabilised conventional total knee arthroplasty (TKA) without patellar resurfacing, using the Goodman score.MethodsWe conducted a cross‐sectional study using data from our institutional database from 1 January 2018 to 1 March 2021. Patients who underwent TKA with the Vanguard® Cruciate Retaining Anterior Stabilized Knee System (Zimmer Biomet, Warsaw, Indiana, USA) without patellar replacement were included. Patients with other bearing surfaces (posterior stabilised or medial congruent) or diagnosed with infection or instability were excluded. Patients' reported outcomes, body mass index (BMI), passive range of motion, the timed up‐and‐go test, sit‐up test, and algometry were assessed. Patients were also asked if they had anterior knee pain. Satisfaction was assessed using the Goodman scale, and logistic multivariate regression was used to identify variables associated with dissatisfaction and perceived improvement in quality of life.ResultsA total of 131 TKA patients were included in the study. The median satisfaction score was 100 (interquartile range [IQR], 87.5 to 100), with the 75‐point threshold at the 90th percentile according to Section A of Goodman. Section B of Goodman showed that 113 TKA patients (86.26%) reported “great improvement” or “more than I ever dreamed.” Multivariate logistic regression revealed that anterior knee pain (OR 5.16, 95% CI 1.24 to 21.39), the sit‐up test (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.81), and BMI (OR 0.84, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.99) were significantly associated with patient dissatisfaction and a worse perceived improvement in quality of life. The receiver operating characteristics curve for the models had areas under the curve of 0.83 (95% CI 0.69 to 0.97) and 0.82 (95% CI 0.70 to 0.94), respectively.ConclusionAnterior stabilised TKA without patellar resurfacing can achieve 90% satisfaction and 86% improvement in quality of life. To improve these results, it is essential to prevent and treat anterior knee pain and enhance quadriceps strength.Level of evidenceLevel III (retrospective cohort study).
Multiple solitary fibrous tumors of the pleura with multicentric and unilateral involvement: a case report
Authors: Watanabe Takuya , Suzuki Eriko , Yoshii Naoko , Kohama Takuya , Iguchi Kensuke , Takeuchi Suiha , Nakamura Minori , Endo Takumi , Tanahashi Masayuki 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura (SFTP) is a mesenchymal tumor. Patients with SFTP generally have only one lesion. We herein report an extremely rare case of multiple SFTPs that were multicentric and unilateral.

Case presentation
The patient was a 21-year-old asymptomatic young man who was referred to our hospital due to abnormal shadows on a chest X-ray. Computed tomography showed 6 tumors of heterogeneous sizes in the left thoracic cavity. The tumors were suspected to be multiple benign or low-grade malignant thoracic tumors, and tumor resection was performed. The tumors had almost the same appearance, with uniform fibroblastic spindle cell proliferation, and arose from the pleura in microscopy. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that the tumor cells were positive for CD34, CD99, Bcl-2, and STAT6. Based on these findings, the tumors were diagnosed as multiple SFTPs with multicentricity. At 1 year and 6 months after the first surgery, 2 new lesions were found above the diaphragm, and these were resected. These tumors were arose from the pleura with a fibrous capsule structure. Their pathological findings were identical to the initial tumor without evidence of malignant transformation.

Conclusion
We experienced an extremely rare case of multiple SFTPs with multicentric and unilateral lesions.
Identifying domains of health-related quality of life: the perspective of individuals with low back pain
Authors: Eilayyan O , Gogovor A , Zidarov D , Mayo N , Ahmed S 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Identifying the most relevant HRQOL domains for LBP from the perspective of individuals with lived experience with LBP is necessary to prioritize domains that will be most informative for evaluating the impact of pain and interventions while overcoming the burden of using long-form assessment tools. This study aimed to identify which domains of HRQOL are most important from the perspective of individuals with chronic LBP.

Methods
Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 individuals with LBP. Participants first responded to questions related to the impact of their LBP on their HRQOL. Then, using a card sorting method, they were asked to select and indicate HRQOL domains that were most relevant to them from a list of 18 cards that represented different HRQOL domains. Participants were asked to explain the reasoning for their selection.

Results
Participants identified physical activity restriction (50%), severity of pain (31%), social activity restriction (23%), and work performance restriction (23%) as the most important domains. The most frequently selected HRQOL domains during card sorting were social function (69%), pain intensity (62%), physical function (58%), fatigue (58%), and pain interference (42%).

Conclusion
The most important domains of HRQOL perceived by participants were pain intensity, social function, physical function, fatigue, and pain interference. Identifying these domains will inform clinical decision-making and guide treatment choices for health care providers.
Does body mass index influence improvement in patient reported outcomes following total knee arthroplasty? A retrospective analysis of 3918 cases
Authors: Lawrence Kyle W. , Sobba Walter , Rajahraman Vinaya , Schwarzkopf Ran , Rozell Joshua C. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The study aimed to determine whether body mass index (BMI) classification for patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is associated with differences in mean patient reported outcome measure (PROM) score improvements across multiple domains—including pain, functional status, mental health, and global physical health. We hypothesized that patients with larger BMIs would have worse preoperative and postoperative PROM scores, though improvements in scores would be comparable between groups.

Materials and methods
Patients undergoing primary TKA from 2018 to 2021 were retrospectively reviewed and stratified into four groups: Normal Weight; 18.5–25 kg/m2, Overweight; 25.01–30 kg/m2, Obese; 30.01–40 kg/m2, and Morbidly Obese > 40 kg/m2. Preoperative, postoperative, and pre/post-changes (Δ) in knee injury and osteoarthritis, joint replacement (KOOS, JR) and Patient-Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) measures of pain intensity, pain interference, physical function, mobility, mental health, and physical health were compared. Multivariate linear regression was used to assess for confounding comorbid conditions.

Results
In univariate analysis, patients with larger BMIs had worse scores for KOOS, JR and all PROMIS metrics preoperatively. Postoperatively, scores for KOOS, JR and PROMIS pain interference, mobility, and physical health were statistically worse in higher BMI groups, though differences were not clinically significant. Morbidly obese patients achieved greater pre/post-Δ improvements in KOOS, JR and global physical health scores. Multivariate regression analysis showed high BMI was independently associated with greater pre/post-Δ improvements in KOOS, JR and global health scores.

Conclusion
Obese patients report worse preoperative scores for function and health, but greater pre/post-Δ improvements in KOOS, JR and physical health scores following TKA. Quality of life benefits of TKA in obese patients should be a factor when assessing surgical candidacy.
Left ventricular strain echocardiography in advanced uremic cardiomyopathy compared to dilated cardiomyopathy
Authors: Mohammadi Rizan , Larti Farnoosh , Sattarzadeh Badkoubeh Roya , Mehrpooya Maryam , Sardari Akram 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Cardiac involvement is common in end-stage renal disease patients. The presenting study aimed to evaluate the global and segmental longitudinal strain in patients with advanced uremic cardiomyopathy (AUCM) and compare it to dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).

Results
The mean global longitudinal strain (GLS) was significantly lower in AUCM (P value = 0.045). Comparing segmental strain showed a lower strain in mid inferoseptal (P value = 0.048), base and mid anterolateral (P value = 0.026, 0.001 respectively), base and mid anteroseptal (P value = 0.005, 0.009 respectively), base and mid inferior (P value = 0.015, 0.034 respectively) and mid anterior (P value = 0.015) in patients with AUCM compared with DCM. In both groups, the segmental strain increased from base to apex.

Conclusions
Segmental and GLSs in advanced uremic cardiomyopathy were significantly lower than those of dilated cardiomyopathy. In both groups, the segmental strain increased from base to apex.
The role of physiotherapy in the treatment of chronic trigger finger—a case report
Authors: Sahoo Anand Chandra , Soumyashree Sonali , Mahapatra Charuhasini 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Trigger finger (TF) is a common condition more prevalent in women in their 5th decade of life. This causes pain and stiffness which limits daily activities. Corticosteroid injections are the first line of conservative management failing which surgery is done. Physiotherapy has shown a vital role in the treatment of trigger finger.

Patient and observation
We reported a case of chronic trigger finger in a 75-year-old female with pain and stiffness. A 2 week of combined conventional and advanced physiotherapy approach was used. Pre- and post-test scores of pain and activity limitation were taken.

Result
Pain scores reduced from 6 to 0 measured by the Nottingham Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) scale and activity limitation measured by the patient-rated wrist evaluation (PRWE) scale reduced from 67.5 to 10.5%.

Conclusion
Two advanced techniques A1 pulley and dry needling along with conventional physiotherapy are better than any technique alone in managing a chronic case of trigger finger.
Physical features and analysis of traditional mosques: the case of Quzzat quarter of Herat Old City, Afghanistan
Authors: Asim Ghulam Mohammad , Shimizu Hajime 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis study examines the physical features of traditional mosques in the Quzzat (Bardrani) quarter of Herat Old City, Afghanistan. Traditional mosques are constructed with locally available materials and are planned based on cultural and climatic conditions. Mosques are categorised as modern or traditional. Traditional mosques are divided into three subcategories: preserved, damaged (defaced), and transformed. Transformed mosques are formerly traditional mosques reconstructed with modern or industrial materials (concrete and reinforcement). This study explores the distribution of mosques and analyses their plan typology. Mosques are categorised into five plan types, and three relative case studies are described in detail to provide a better understanding and an in-depth analysis of mosque typology.
Multidisciplinary treatment for infective endocarditis complicated with systemic multiple abscess due to Panton-Valentine leukocidin producing community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans: a case report
Authors: Terata Kojiro , Saito Shunsuke , Niitsuma Ken , Ohkusu Misako , Takeuchi Noriko , Ishiwada Naruhiko , Matsuoka Taiki , Hirota Shotaro , Yokoyama Shohei , Kanno Yasuyuki , Kanazawa Yuta , Tezuka Masahiro , Takei Yusuke , Tsuchiya Go , Konishi Taisuke , Shibasaki Ikuko , Ogata Koji , Fukuda Hirotsugu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Infective endocarditis resulting from community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is a rare, but often fatal heart disorder. Here, we report a case of multidisciplinary treatment for infective endocarditis with systemic multiple abscesses due to Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) producing CA-MRSA and Candida albicans
.

Case presentation
The patient suffered from infective endocarditis, destructive thyroiditis, hemorrhagic cerebral infarction due to mycotic embolism, lung abscess, multiple skeletal muscle abscess, and disseminate intravascular coagulopathy. Aggressive medical treatment as well as mechanical circulatory support was required before the curative surgical treatment. Blood cultures were positive for MRSA and Candida albicans. Genomic analysis of MRSA revealed Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec IVc and also the virulence gene encoding PVL.

Conclusions
CA-MRSA strains have higher pathogenicity and are more destructive to tissue than healthcare-associated MRSA strains because of the toxins they produce, including PVL. Multidisciplinary treatment including aggressive surgery was required to rescue the patient.