bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Circuit and Cell-Specific Contributions to Decision Making Involving Risk of Explicit Punishment in Male and Female Rats
Authors: Truckenbrod Leah M. , Betzhold Sara M. , Wheeler Alexa-Rae , Shallcross John , Singhal Sarthak , Harden Scott , Schwendt Marek , Frazier Charles J. , Bizon Jennifer L. , Setlow Barry , Orsini Caitlin A. 
Published: June 2023

Decision making is a complex cognitive process that recruits a distributed network of brain regions, including the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh). Recent work suggests that communication between these structures, as well as activity of cells expressing dopamine (DA) D2 receptors (D2R) in the NAcSh, are necessary for some forms of decision making; however, the contributions of this circuit and cell population during decision making under risk of punishment are unknown. The current experiments addressed this question using circuit-specific and cell type-specific optogenetic approaches in rats during a decision making task involving risk of punishment. In experiment 1, Long–Evans rats received intra-BLA injections of halorhodopsin or mCherry (control) and in experiment 2, D2-Cre transgenic rats received intra-NAcSh injections of Cre-dependent halorhodopsin or mCherry. Optic fibers were implanted in the NAcSh in both experiments. Following training in the decision making task, BLA→NAcSh or D2R-expressing neurons were optogenetically inhibited during different phases of the decision process. Inhibition of the BLA→NAcSh during deliberation (the time between trial initiation and choice) increased preference for the large, risky reward (increased risk taking). Similarly, inhibition during delivery of the large, punished reward increased risk taking, but only in males. Inhibition of D2R-expressing neurons in the NAcSh during deliberation increased risk taking. In contrast, inhibition of these neurons during delivery of the small, safe reward decreased risk taking. These findings extend our knowledge of the neural dynamics of risk taking, revealing sex-dependent circuit recruitment and dissociable activity of selective cell populations during decision making.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTUntil recently, the ability to dissect the neural substrates of decision making involving risk of punishment (risk taking) in a circuit-specific and cell-specific manner has been limited by the tools available for use in rats. Here, we leveraged the temporal precision of optogenetics, together with transgenic rats, to probe contributions of a specific circuit and cell population to different phases of risk-based decision making. Our findings reveal basolateral amygdala (BLA)→nucleus accumbens shell (NAcSh) is involved in evaluation of punished rewards in a sex-dependent manner. Further, NAcSh D2 receptor (D2R)-expressing neurons make unique contributions to risk taking that vary across the decision making process. These findings advance our understanding of the neural principles of decision making and provide insight into how risk taking may become compromised in neuropsychiatric diseases.
Metastatic Infiltration of Nervous Tissue and Periosteal Nerve Sprouting in Multiple Myeloma-Induced Bone Pain in Mice and Human
Authors: Diaz-delCastillo Marta , Palasca Oana , Nemler Tim T. , Thygesen Didde M. , Chávez-Saldaña Norma A. , Vázquez-Mora Juan A. , Ponce Gomez Lizeth Y. , Jensen Lars Juhl , Evans Holly , Andrews Rebecca E. , Mandal Aritri , Neves David , Mehlen Patrick , Caruso James P. , Dougherty Patrick M. , Price Theodore J. , Chantry Andrew , Lawson Michelle A. , Andersen Thomas L. , Jimenez-Andrade Juan M. , Heegaard Anne-Marie 
Published: June 2023

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplasia of B plasma cells that often induces bone pain. However, the mechanisms underlying myeloma-induced bone pain (MIBP) are mostly unknown. Using a syngeneic MM mouse model, we show that periosteal nerve sprouting of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP+) and growth associated protein 43 (GAP43+) fibers occurs concurrent to the onset of nociception and its blockade provides transient pain relief. MM patient samples also showed increased periosteal innervation. Mechanistically, we investigated MM induced gene expression changes in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) innervating the MM-bearing bone of male mice and found alterations in pathways associated with cell cycle, immune response and neuronal signaling. The MM transcriptional signature was consistent with metastatic MM infiltration to the DRG, a never-before described feature of the disease that we further demonstrated histologically. In the DRG, MM cells caused loss of vascularization and neuronal injury, which may contribute to late-stage MIBP. Interestingly, the transcriptional signature of a MM patient was consistent with MM cell infiltration to the DRG. Overall, our results suggest that MM induces a plethora of peripheral nervous system alterations that may contribute to the failure of current analgesics and suggest neuroprotective drugs as appropriate strategies to treat early onset MIBP.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTMultiple myeloma (MM) is a painful bone marrow cancer that significantly impairs the quality of life of the patients. Analgesic therapies for myeloma-induced bone pain (MIBP) are limited and often ineffective, and the mechanisms of MIBP remain unknown. In this manuscript, we describe cancer-induced periosteal nerve sprouting in a mouse model of MIBP, where we also encounter metastasis to the dorsal root ganglia (DRG), a never-before described feature of the disease. Concomitant to myeloma infiltration, the lumbar DRGs presented blood vessel damage and transcriptional alterations, which may mediate MIBP. Explorative studies on human tissue support our preclinical findings. Understanding the mechanisms of MIBP is crucial to develop targeted analgesic with better efficacy and fewer side effects for this patient population.
Learning the Vector Coding of Egocentric Boundary Cells from Visual Data
Authors: Lian Yanbo , Williams Simon , Alexander Andrew S. , Hasselmo Michael E. , Burkitt Anthony N. 
Published: June 2023

The use of spatial maps to navigate through the world requires a complex ongoing transformation of egocentric views of the environment into position within the allocentric map. Recent research has discovered neurons in retrosplenial cortex and other structures that could mediate the transformation from egocentric views to allocentric views. These egocentric boundary cells respond to the egocentric direction and distance of barriers relative to an animal's point of view. This egocentric coding based on the visual features of barriers would seem to require complex dynamics of cortical interactions. However, computational models presented here show that egocentric boundary cells can be generated with a remarkably simple synaptic learning rule that forms a sparse representation of visual input as an animal explores the environment. Simulation of this simple sparse synaptic modification generates a population of egocentric boundary cells with distributions of direction and distance coding that strikingly resemble those observed within the retrosplenial cortex. Furthermore, some egocentric boundary cells learnt by the model can still function in new environments without retraining. This provides a framework for understanding the properties of neuronal populations in the retrosplenial cortex that may be essential for interfacing egocentric sensory information with allocentric spatial maps of the world formed by neurons in downstream areas, including the grid cells in entorhinal cortex and place cells in the hippocampus.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTThe computational model presented here demonstrates that the recently discovered egocentric boundary cells in retrosplenial cortex can be generated with a remarkably simple synaptic learning rule that forms a sparse representation of visual input as an animal explores the environment. Additionally, our model generates a population of egocentric boundary cells with distributions of direction and distance coding that strikingly resemble those observed within the retrosplenial cortex. This transformation between sensory input and egocentric representation in the navigational system could have implications for the way in which egocentric and allocentric representations interface in other brain areas.
STAT1 is required to establish but not maintain interferon‐γ‐induced transcriptional memory
Authors: Tehrani Sahar SH , Mikulski Pawel , Abdul‐Zani Izma , Mata João F , Siwek Wojciech , Jansen Lars ET 
Published: June 2023

AbstractExposure of human cells to interferon‐γ (IFNγ) results in a mitotically heritable yet reversible state called long‐term transcriptional memory. We previously identified the clustered GBP genes as strongly primed by IFNγ. Here, we discovered that in primed cells, both interferon‐responsive transcription factors STAT1 and IRF1 target chromatin with accelerated kinetics upon re‐exposure to IFNγ, specifically at promotors of primed genes. Priming does not alter the degree of IFNγ‐induced STAT1 activation or nuclear import, indicating that memory does not alter upstream JAK–STAT signaling. We found STAT1 to be critical to establish transcriptional memory but in a manner that is independent of mere transcription activation. Interestingly, while Serine 727 phosphorylation of STAT1 was maintained during the primed state, STAT1 is not required for the heritability of GBP gene memory. Our results suggest that the memory of interferon exposure constitutes a STAT1‐mediated, heritable state that is established during priming. This renders GBP genes poised for subsequent STAT1 and IRF1 binding and accelerated gene activation upon a secondary interferon exposure.
Functions of double‐negative B cells in autoimmune diseases, infections, and cancers
Authors: Chung Michael King Yung , Gong Lanqi , Kwong Dora Lai‐Wan , Lee Victor Ho‐Fun , Lee Ann Wing‐Mui , Guan Xin‐Yuan , Kam Ngar‐Woon , Dai Wei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMost mature B cells can be divided into four subtypes based on the expression of the surface markers IgD and CD27: IgD+CD27− naïve B cells, IgD+CD27+ unswitched memory B cells, IgD−CD27+ switched memory B cells, and IgD−CD27− double‐negative (DN) B cells. Despite their small population size in normal peripheral blood, DN B cells play integral roles in various diseases. For example, they generate autoimmunity in autoimmune conditions, while these cells may generate both autoimmune and antipathogenic responses in COVID‐19, or act in a purely antipathogenic capacity in malaria. Recently, DN B cells have been identified in nasopharyngeal carcinoma and non‐small‐cell lung cancers, where they may play an immunosuppressive role. The distinct functions that DN B cells play in different diseases suggest that they are a heterogeneous B‐cell population. Therefore, further study of the mechanisms underlying the involvement of DN B cells in these diseases is essential for understanding their pathogenesis and the development of therapeutic strategies. Further research is thus warranted to characterize the DN B‐cell population in detail.
Who's afraid of false friends? Cognate ratios in translated and non-translated Dutch
Authors: Vandevoorde Lore , Lefever Els 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper presents an empirical study on the proportion of cognate words (cognate ratios) in translated Dutch texts, compared to cognate words ratio in texts originally written in Dutch. To this end, we compiled a gold standard with manually verified cognate pairs for both studied language pairs, viz. English–Dutch and French–Dutch. In this study, we propose three hypotheses about how translators deal with cognates: (1) translators use the high degree of formal and semantic overlap between cognate translations to their advantage so as to produce the “easiest and fastest” translation (default translation hypothesis), (2) the higher the level of cognateness between a source and target language, the higher the cognate ratio in translated texts will be (cognate facilitation effect), (3) the higher the level of cognateness between the two languages, the more translators will be hesitant to use cognate translations (fear of false friends hypothesis). The results show a mixed picture: whereas not much evidence has been found for the first two hypotheses (depending on the respective language pair), the third hypothesis was confirmed. Further evidence, however, is needed from other language pairs, as cognate-receptiveness appears to be language-specific.
PENGARUH KOMPETENSI GURU DAN CAPACITY BUILDING TERHADAP KINERJA MENGAJAR GURU SD DI KABUPATEN BANDUNG
Authors: Irsyada Dadan , Kurniady Dedy Achmad 
Published: June 2023

Abstrak Adanya permasalahan mengenai masih rendahnya kemampuan guru dalam melaksanakan tugas dan kewajibannya yang berkaitan dengan kinerja mengajar guru merupakan hal yang melatar belakang penelitian ini. Masalah utama dalam penelitian ini mengenai rendahnya kinerja mengajar guru Untuk meningkatkan kinerja mengajar guru di butuhkan faktor internal dan eksternal yang mendukung. Salah satu faktor internal dari keberhasilan kinerja mengajar guru adalah kompetensi guru, sedangkan faktor eksternalnya adalah capacity building. Permasalahannya di lapangan adalah bagaimana kondisi kompetensi guru dan juga capacity building guru SD di lingkungan Kabupaten Bandung sehingga mampu meningkatkan kinerja mengajarnya Kata kunci :kinerja mengajar,kompetensi, dan capacity building Abstract The existence problem of the low ability of teachers to carry out the duties and obligations relating to the teaching performance of teachers is the background underlying this research. The main problem in this study regarding the poor performance of teachers teaching. To improve the teaching performance of teachers, required supporting factors of internal and external factors.One of the internal factors of the success of teaching performance of teachers is teacher competence, while the external factors are the capacity building. The problem in the field is, how the condition of teacher competence and capacity building in the elementary school at Bandung Regency, so that both factors are able to improve their teaching performance Keywords :Teaching Performance, Competence, and Capacity Building
KONTRIBUSI PERILAKU KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN KINERJA KOMITE SEKOLAH TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS IMPLEMENTASI MANAJEMEN BERBASIS SEKOLAH
Authors: Cucu Cucu , Herawan Endang 
Published: June 2023

AbstrakUpaya meningkatkan kualitas pendidikan salah satunya mengimplementasikan Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah. Perilaku kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan peran komite sekolah merupakan dua faktor yang ikut berkontribusi terhadap keberhasilan pengimplementasian manajemen berbasis sekolah. Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana gambaran dan kontribusi kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan kinerja komite sekolah terhadap efektivitas implementasi Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah di Sekolah Dasar Negeri se-Kecamatan Ligung Kabupaten Majalengka. Secara umum penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai kontribusi perilaku kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan kinerja komite sekolah terhadap efektivitas implementasi Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah di Sekolah Dasar. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti menggunakan metode survey dengan menggunakan angket sebagai alat pengumpul data. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah gambaran umum perilaku kepemimpinan kepala sekolah memiliki kategori sedang, kinerja komite sekolah memiliki kategori tinggi, serta efektivitas implementasi Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah memiliki kriteria sangat tinggi. Kontribusi perilaku kepemimpinan kepala sekolah terhadap efektivitas implementasi Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Se-Kecamatan Ligung Kabupaten Majalengka adalah sedang. Kontribusi kinerja komite sekolah terhadap efektivitas implementasi Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Se-Kecamatan Ligung Kabupaten Majalengka adalah kuat. Kontribusi perilaku kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dan kinerja komite sekolah terhadap efektivitas implementasi Manajemen Berbasis Sekolah di Sekolah Dasar Negeri Se-Kecamatan Ligung Kabupaten Majalengka adalah kuat. Kata Kunci : Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah, Kinerja Komite Sekolah, Efektivitas Implementasi MBS
DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEUNGGULAN BERSAING BERKELANJUTAN MELALUI ALIANSI STRATEGIS
Authors: Suherlan Herlan , Permana Johar 
Published: June 2023

AbstrakCompetitiveness, excellences dan quality merupakan isu strategis dan agenda besar BPSD Kementerian Pariwisata termasuk Sekolah Tinggi Pariwisata (STP) Bandung dan Bali sebagai UPT BPSD Kementerian Pariwisata. dalam menciptakan kualitas lulusan yang memiliki kemampuan daya saing berkelanjutan. Untuk mewujudkan visi dan misi lembaga, maka dengan kelemahan/keterbatasan yang STP Bandung dan Bali miliki terutama berkenaan dengan sumber daya (tenaga pendidik dan kependidikan, fasilitas fisik, keuangan), maka di era globalisasi yang sangat ketat dan cepat berubah, upaya melakukan dan mengembangkan kemitraan (aliansi strategis) dengan semua stakeholder merupakan suatu keharusan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengkaji gambaran empirik masalah-masalah strategis yang dihadapi dan strategi yang dilakukan dalam merespon kebutuhan-kebutuhan pengembangan sumber daya manusia ke depan serta Aliansi Strategis yang dilakukan STP untuk merespon persaingan global.Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif naturalistik, dengan metode deskriptif dan studi kasus, dengan teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara, observasi dan studi dokumen. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah purfosif. Analisis data dilakukan melalui proses display data, reduksi data dan verifikasi data melalui proses triangulasi.Kata Kunci : Manajemen stratejik, Aliansi Stratejik, Keunggulan Bersaing Berkelanjutan, PT Kepariwisataan__________________________________________________________________________________________AbstractCompetitiveness, excellences and quality is a strategic issue and a big agenda BPSD including Tourism Ministry Tourism College (STP) Bandung and Bali as UPT BPSD Ministry of Tourism. in creating quality graduates who have sustained competitiveness. To realize the vision and mission of the institution, then the weaknesses / limitations of STP Bandung and Bali have had especially with respect to resources (educators, physical facilities, finance), then in the era of globalization is very tight and rapidly changing, efforts to conduct and develop partnerships (strategic alliances) with all stakeholders is a necessity.This study aims to identify and assess the empirical description of strategic issues faced and strategies undertaken in response to the needs of human resource development forward and carried STP Strategic Alliance to respond to global competition.This study used a qualitative approach naturalistic, with descriptive methods and case studies, with data collecting technique uses interview, observation and document study. The sampling technique used is purfosif. Data analysis was performed through a data display, data reduction and data verification through triangulation process. Keywords : Strategic Management , Strategic Alliance , Sustainable Competitive Advantage , PT Tourism
KONTRIBUSI KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL KEPALA SEKOLAH DAN IKLIM SEKOLAH TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS SEKOLAH
Authors: Setiawan Awang 
Published: June 2023

Abstrak Efektivitas sekolah menjadi fenomena yang memerlukan perhatian khusus dalam upaya meningkatkan mutu pendidikan. Untuk menciptakan kondisi yang demikian diperlukan kepemimpinan transformasional dan iklim sekolah yang kondusif. Permasalahan penelitian adalah bagaimanakah gambaran dan kontribusi kepemimpinan transformasional kepala sekolah dan iklim sekolah terhadap efektivitas SD Negeri di Kecamatan Lemahsugih Kabupaten Majalengka. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode survey, data diambil menggunakan angket. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah korelasi, regresi, dan determinasi. Populasi penelitian adalah SD Negeri di Kecamatan Lemahsugih Kabupaten Majalengka berjumlah 42 sekolah dengan jumlah responden 395 guru. Sampel penelitian adalah 42 unit sampel dengan teknik disproportionate stratifield random sampling. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan gambaran umum kepemimpinan transformasional, iklim sekolah dan efektivitas sekolah berada pada kategori tinggi serta kepemimpinan transformasional kepala sekolah dan iklim sekolah secara bersama-sama berkontribusi sebesar 56% terhadap efektivitas sekolah. Kata Kunci: Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah, Iklim Sekolah, Efektivitas Sekolah.
PENGARUH LAYANAN PEMBELAJARAN, SARANA-PRASARANA, KERJASAMA INSTITUSI, DAN PEMASARAN LULUSAN TERHADAP KEPUASAAN SISWA
Authors: Darmawan Bambang 
Published: June 2023

AbstrakTop of FormPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh layanan pembelajaran, sarana-prasarana, kerjasama institusi dan pemasaran lulusan terhadap kepuasan siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian survey eksplanatory, sebagai unit analisis terdiri dari 49 kompetensi keahlian yang tersebar di di lingkungan Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan (SMK) Negeri yang telah bersertifikat ISO 9001-2008 di Kota Bandung dengan responden 2450 siswa, teknik pengumpulan data dengan angket, dan pengolahan data menggunakan program SPSS versi 20. Hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan; Kepuasan siswa terhadap layanan pembelajaran, memiliki tingkat kesesuaian kepuasan layanan pembelajaran dengan kinerja yang diberikan sekolah menunjukkan tinggi pada tingkat kepuasan Cukup. Layanan pembelajaran memiliki tingkat kesesuaian antara persepsi layanan pembelajaran dengan kinerja yang diberikan sekolah menunjukkan tinggi, pada tingkat kepuasan Cukup. Sarana dan prasarana memiliki tingkat kesesuaian persepsi sarana dan prasarana dengan kinerja yang diberikan sekolah menunjukkan tinggi, pada tingkat kepuasan Cukup. Kerjasama institusi memiliki tingkat kesesuaian persepsi kerjasama institusi dengan kinerja yang diberikan sekolah menunjukkan tinggi, pada tingkat kepuasan Kurang Puas.Pemasaran lulusan memiliki tingkat kesesuaian persepsi pemasaran lulusan dengan kinerja yang diberikan sekolah menunjukkan tinggi, pada tingkat kepuasan Kurang Puas. Secara bersama-sama pengaruh variabel layanan pembelajaran, sarana prasarana, kerjasama institusi dan pemasaran lulusan terhadap kepuasan siswa dengan secara signifikansi dapat diterima. Kata kunci: Kepuasan Siswa
PENGARUH BUDAYA SEKOLAH TERHADAP EFEKTIFITAS SEKOLAH PADA SMAN PADA DINAS PENDIDIKAN PROPINSI JAWA BARAT
Authors: Komariah Aan 
Published: June 2023

Desentralisasi memberikan keleluasan kepada sekolah untuk mengembangkan langkah manajemen yang diorientasikan pada prakarsa mewujudkan budaya mutu. Dalam terminologi manajemen, lembaga pendidikan yang bermutu adalah yang memenuhi syarat efektifitas, efisiensi, dan produktifitas. Menjadi tanggungjawab pemimpin merintis, menciptakan dan mendorong tumbuhnya budaya mutu di sekolah melalui pemimpin yang memiliki daya pikir jauh ke depan yang mampu menangani perubahan dan menciptakan pembahan pendidikan ke arah kualitas sehingga dapat diraih predikat sekolah efektif. Penelitian ini diarahkan pada budaya yang terdiri atas tiga sub variabel yaitu pola nilai, pola kebiasaan, pola sikap dan tindakan Variabel-variabel tersebut dikaji keberartian kontribusinya pada efektifitas sekolah yang dinilai dari indikator layanan manajemen, learning Organization, dan kompetensi siswa. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode explanatory snrvey dengan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui instrument angket. Unit analisisnya adalah Kepala SMAN pada Dinas Pendidikan Kota di Propinsi Jawa Barat, dengan sample 64 orang. Temuan penelitian menunjukan bahwa Efektifitas Sekolah dipengaruhi secara positif dan signifikan oleh budaya sekolah. Nilai yang perlu selalu dirujuk dalam mengembangkan budaya mutu adalah nilai spiritual, nilai otonomi dan nilai profesionalisme. Sedangkan pola sikap dan tindakan yang perlu terus dibangun adalah komunikasi, pergaulan akademik dan social, serta pembinaan personil. Untuk pola kebiasaan, aspek slogan, moto, upacara-upacara, dan uniformitas dalam berbagai hal perlu dieleminir dan diciptakan kebiasaan-kebiasaan yang tidak kontraproduktif dengan efektifitas sekolah