bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An image processing approach to identify solar plages observed at 393.37 nm by the Kodaikanal solar observatory
Authors: Gharat Sarvesh , Bose Bhaskar , Borthakur Abhimanyu , Mazumder Rakesh 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Solar plages, which are bright regions on the Sun’s surface, are an important indicator of solar activity. In this study, we propose an automated algorithm for identifying solar plages in Ca-K wavelength solar data obtained from the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory. The algorithm successfully annotates all visually identifiable plages in an image and outputs the corresponding calculated plage index. We perform a time series analysis of the plage index (rolling mean) across multiple solar cycles to test the algorithm’s reliability and robustness. The results show a strong correlation between the calculated plage index and those reported in a previous study. The correlation coefficients obtained for all the solar cycles are higher than 0.90, indicating the reliability of the model. We also suggest that adjusting the hyperparameters appropriately for a specific image using our web-based app can increase the model’s efficiency. The algorithm has been deployed on the Streamlit Community Cloud platform, where users can upload images and customize the hyperparameters for desired results. The input data used in this study is freely available from the KSO data archive, and the code and the generated data are publicly available on our GitHub repository. Our proposed algorithm provides an efficient and reliable method for identifying solar plages, which can aid the study of solar activity and its impact on the Earth’s climate, technology, and space weather.
The comparative performance of three screening questionnaires for psoriatic arthritis in a primary care surveillance study
Authors: Helliwell Philip S , Coates Laura C , Ransom Myka , Brown Sarah T , Packham Jonathan , Weddell Jake , Tillett William , McHugh Neil ,   the PROMPT Study Group, Bjoke Laura , Dures Emma , James Jana , Madhok Vishnu , Smith Catherine , Spackman Eldon , Parkinson Andrew , Tassinari Cerys , Turfrey Mel (Brooke) 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The objective of this study was to compare the performance of three PsA screening questionnaires in a primary care psoriasis surveillance study.

Methods
Participants with psoriasis, and not known to have PsA, were identified from general practice databases and invited to attend a secondary care centre for a clinical assessment. The three patient-completed screening questionnaires (PEST, CONTEST and CONTESTjt) were administered, along with other patient-reported measures, and a clinical examination of skin and joints was performed. Participants who demonstrated signs of inflammatory arthritis suggestive of PsA were referred, via their GP, for a further assessment in a secondary care rheumatology clinic.

Results
A total of 791 participants attended the screening visit, and 165 participants were judged to have signs and symptoms of inflammatory arthritis, of which 150 were referred for assessment. Of these, 126 were seen and 48 were diagnosed with PsA. The results for each questionnaire were as follows: PEST: sensitivity 0.625 (95% CI 0.482, 0.749), specificity 0.757 (0.724, 0.787); CONTEST: sensitivity 0.604 (0.461, 0.731), specificity 0.768 (0.736, 0.798); and CONTESTjt: sensitivity 0.542 (0.401, 0.676), specificity 0.834 (0.805, 0.859). CONTESTjt demonstrated marginally superior specificity to PEST, though the area under the ROC curve was similar for all three instruments.

Conclusion
Minimal differences between the three screening questionnaires were found in this study, and no preferred questionnaire is indicated by these results. The choice of which instrument to choose will depend on other factors, such as simplicity and low patient burden.
Learning, Hope, and Empowerment
Authors: Lee Soeun , Jordan Abbie , Walker Nicole , Nauman Hiba , Dick Bruce , McMurtry C. Meghan 
Published: July 2023

Objectives:
Limited research has investigated parent-targeted interventions in pediatric chronic pain, though these interventions may be an important part of family-centered care. Further, parent perspectives and feedback regarding these interventions are scant in the literature, even though they are crucial for developing, refining, and optimizing treatment options. This study aimed to understand how parents experience and perceive their participation in a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) based, parent-targeted group intervention that was delivered either in-person or virtually, with a focus on the treatment components they found most important.

Methods:
Data from semi-structured focus groups/interviews within one week post-treatment with 32 parents (n=11 in-person, n=21 virtual) were analyzed using an inductive reflexive thematic analysis.

Results:
Three overarching themes were generated from the thematic analysis: building a foundation of knowledge, finding normalization and hope through connection and lived experiences, and sharing a collective responsibility for pain management.

Discussion:
Parents perceived a range of benefits from participating in a CBT-based, parent-targeted group intervention, both on themselves and for their youth. Overall, parent perceptions across in-person and virtual intervention delivery were consistent, except for a drawback of virtual participation for developing a deeper social connection among parents. Thus, a relatively brief parent-targeted group intervention was perceived to be a positive experience for parents, though considerations for adapting to virtual delivery and facilitating social connection among parents appears to be important.
Time Effect on Acute Postoperative Pain After Total Knee Replacement Surgery: An Exploratory Study Using the Experience Sampling Method
Authors: Balthasar Andrea JR , Willemen Jasmijn , Vossen Carine , Boymans Tim , Lousberg Richel 
Published: July 2023

Objectives:
Acute postoperative pain (APP) is the main cause of postoperative dissatisfaction; however, traditional methods of pain assessment provide limited insights into the dynamics and development of APP. This study used the experience sampling method (ESM) to understand the dynamics of APP over time in relation to various patient factors.

Methods:
Forty patients scheduled to undergo total knee replacement surgery were recruited in this study. Following an initial assessment, a short report questionnaire was sent to the patients via 10 digital alerts per day to assess the pain levels during two preoperative and the first 6 postoperative days. The data were analyzed using multilevel regression including random intercept and slope.

Results:
Thirty-two patients submitted the pre-specified minimum of 30% of their short reports, yielding 1217 records. The analysis revealed significant (P<0.001) linear and quadratic decreases in APP and a quadratic time effect. The lowest between-days and within-day pain levels were observed on postoperative day 4.8 and during the time slot 3.8 or approximately 19:15, respectively. Significant random intercepts and slopes were noted, indicating variations in the mean pain level between patients and a decrease in pain. None of the 10 patient factors had any confounding effect.

Discussion:
Using ESM data combined with multilevel analysis, we were able to evaluate the postoperative pain course while considering inter-individual differences in the baseline pain level and non-linear pain course over time. The findings of this study could aid clinicians in personalizing the treatment for APP.
Beyond evidence and reality: the politics, political economy and fallout of hawkish regulatory policy on prescription drugs in Nigeria
Authors: Otu Smart E. , Nnam Macpherson Uchenna , Eteng Mary Juachi , Amugo Ijeoma Mercy , Idowu Babatunde Michel 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the politics, political economy, and fallout of hawkish regulatory policy on prescription drugs in Nigeria. Hawkish regulatory policy on prescription drug in Nigeria, such as opioid analgesics, is a very complex and multifaceted one, which usually involves the interplay of many factors and parties.

Design/methodology/approach
Policy manuals, official government gazettes (legislations, regulations, Acts and decrees), academic literature and a direct ethnographic observation of events surrounding the regulation of prescription drugs were reviewed and engaged.

Findings
The results revealed that Nigerian and global political economy and politics interface to define the direction of the new restrictive opioid policy, with resultant friction between prohibition and consumption. The reviews showed that the overarching “get-tough” and “repressive” policy are not necessarily founded on empirical evidence of an increase in prescription drug sales or use, but more as a product of the interplay of both internal and external politics and the prevailing socioeconomic order.

Practical implications
Instead of borrowing extensively from or being influenced by repressive Western drug laws and perspectives, Nigerian policymakers on prescription opioids should take control of the process by drawing up a home-grown policy that is less intrusive and punitive in nature for better outcomes. A mental sea change is required to understand the intrigues of Western power in Nigeria’s politics and political economy to avoid the continuous symptomatic failure of drug policy.

Originality/value
The politics and economic influence of the United Nations, USA and Western powers, as well as the axiom of moral panic of prescription drugs scares within the Nigerian environment, are particularly significant in the making of the emerging hawkish policy on prescription drugs in Nigeria.
Trend over time of HIV‐1 drug resistance to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and their drivers: A cohort study from Antiviral Response Cohort Analysis (ARCA)
Authors: Rancan Ilaria , Cassol Chiara , Graziani Lucia , Tilli Marta , Malcontenti Costanza , Russo Chiara , Bottanelli Martina , Bracchitta Fiorenza , Papaioannu Rebecka , Labate Laura , Mora Sara , Bezenchek Antonia , Shallvari Adrian , Di Biagio Antonio , Rossetti Barbara 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe rise of HIV‐1 drug resistance to nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) threatens the long‐term success of NNRTI‐based therapies. Our study aims to describe the circulation of major resistance‐associated mutations (RAMs) for NNRTIs in people living with HIV (PLWH) in Italy from 2000 to 2020. We included 5982 naïves and 28 505 genotypes from 9387 treatment‐experienced PLWH from the Antiviral Response Cohort Analysis (ARCA) cohort. Transmitted drug resistance (TDR) was found in 12.5% and declined from 17.3% in 2000–2003 to 10.9% in 2016–2020 (p = 0.003). Predictors of TDR were viral subtype B [vs. non‐B, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.94, p < 0.001], zenith viral load (VL) (per 1 log10 higher, aOR = 0.86, p = 0.013), nadir CD4 cell count (per 100 cells/μL increase aOR = 0.95, p = 0.013). At least one RAM for NNRTIs among treatment experienced PLWH was detected in 33.2% and pre‐treatment drug resistance (PDR) declined from 43.4% in 2000–2003 to 20.9% in 2016–2020 (p < 0.001). Predictors of PDR were sexual transmission route (vs. others, aOR = 0.78, p < 0.001), time since HIV diagnosis (per 1 month longer, aOR = 1.002, p < 0.001), viral subtype B (vs. non B, aOR = 1.37, p < 0.001), VL (per 1 log10 higher, aOR = 1.12, p < 0.001), nadir CD4 count (per 100 cells/μL increase, aOR = 0.91, p < 0.001), previous exposure to any NNRTI (aOR = 2.31, p < 0.001) and a more recent calendar year sequence (any time span > 2008 vs. 2000–2003, any aOR <1, p < 0.001). Circulation of RAMs to NNRTIs declined during the last 20 years in Italy. NNRTIs remain pivotal drugs for the management of HIV‐1 due to safety concerns and long‐acting options.
AMPK/mTOR pathway significance in healthy liver and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease and its progression
Authors: Marcondes‐de‐Castro Ilitch Aquino , Reis‐Barbosa Pedro Henrique , Marinho Thatiany Souza , Aguila Marcia Barbosa , Mandarim‐de‐Lacerda Carlos Alberto 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObesity is related to several organs, but the liver is particularly affected. Adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a cellular energy sensor and regulator of liver lipid dysfunction and glucose metabolism. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a protein kinase regulating cell growth, survival, metabolism, and immunity. Together, these pathways are involved in obesity, insulin resistance, non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its progression, and autophagy. During energy demand, liver kinase B (LKB) phosphorylation helps activate the AMPK/mTOR pathways. Likewise, the protein forkhead box O family (FOXO) negatively regulates adipogenesis by binding to the promoter sites of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma coactivator 1‐alpha, initiating adipogenesis. In addition, acetyl‐CoA carboxylase, which regulates de novo lipogenesis, is linked to LKB and FOXO in developing NAFLD. The kinase complex, consisting of Unc‐51‐like autophagy‐activating kinase 1 or 2 (ULK1, ULK2) by stimulating autophagy, and eliminating fat droplets in NAFLD, is regulated by mTORC1 and negatively regulated by AMPK that suppresses liver lipogenesis and increases fatty acid oxidation. Also, ULK1 is essential for initiating phagophore formation, establishing macrophagy, and generating autophagosomes. The selective breakdown of lipid droplets through macroautophagy, or macrolipophagy, occurs on a cellular energy level using free fatty acids. In addition, mTORC1 promotes lipogenesis by activating sterol regulatory element‐binding protein. Finding new components and novel regulatory modes in signaling is significant for a better understanding of the AMPK/mTOR pathways, potentially facilitating the development of future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for NAFLD and its progression to non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Climate risk and renewable energy technological innovation: An institutional environment perspective
Authors: Chen Jinyu , Luo Xianfeng , Ding Qian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo explore whether climate risk (CR) affects renewable energy technological innovation (RETI) and its boundary conditions, this study examines the relationship between CR and RETI as moderated by institutional environment. Based on panel data of 60 countries for the period 2000–2019, we show that CR is not conducive to RETI, and that its negative marginal impact shows an inverted U‐shaped trend with the improvement of RETI. Heterogeneity analysis shows that floods and storms have the greatest negative impacts on RETI, and that innovations in solar and wind energy technologies are more vulnerable to the adverse shocks of CR. Furthermore, CR has a greater adverse effect on RETI in developing countries than in developed countries. However, the institutional environment, especially the economic institutional environment, can work to mitigate the negative effect of CR on RETI. Our findings not only enrich the research on the economic consequences of CR but also provide effective ways to mitigate the adverse impact of CR on RETI from the perspective of institutional environment.
Prevalence of neoplasia and concurrent diseases in dogs and cats with hypercobalaminemia: A retrospective case–control study
Authors: Henry Perrine M. N. , Williams Tim L. 
Published: July 2023

BackgroundHypercobalaminemia is infrequently reported in companion animals and is considered of low clinical significance. Recent studies have described its association with inflammatory, immune‐mediated, endocrine, and neoplastic conditions in dogs and cats.ObjectivesWe aimed to investigate the association between hypercobalaminemia and neoplasia in companion animals and to identify other concurrent diseases or clinicopathologic changes.MethodsThis is a retrospective, case–control study. Medical records of patients with measured serum cobalamin concentration (2015‐2020) and no history of prior supplementation were reviewed. Hypocobalaminemic animals were excluded. Variables were compared between groups (hypercobalaminemic vs. normocobalaminemic) using non‐parametric statistics. Data are presented as median (range).ResultsThirty‐five dogs and eight cats were hypercobalaminemic. At baseline, neoplasia was confirmed in 4/35 hypercobalaminemic dogs versus 11/70 control dogs (P = 0.77) and 0/8 hypercobalaminemic cats versus 3/16 control cats (P = 0.53). Cases without neoplasia at baseline were followed for 409 (13‐1854) days (dogs, n = 78) and 395 (28‐1670) days (cats, n = 21). During follow‐up, neoplasia was diagnosed in 4/27 hypercobalaminemic dogs versus 3/51 control dogs (P = 0.23) and 1/8 hypercobalaminemic cats versus 0/13 control cats (P = 0.38).Pancreatitis was more frequent in hypercobalaminemic dogs (P = 0.006). Hypercobalaminemic dogs had higher serum total protein (P = 0.014), globulin (P = 0.001), and CRP (P = 0.032) concentrations and lower serum sodium (P = 0.012) and chloride (P = 0.033) concentrations than controls. Hypercobalaminemic cats had higher serum total protein concentrations than controls (P = 0.008).ConclusionOur results suggest that hypercobalaminemia is not associated with the presence or development of neoplasia in dogs and cats but may be associated with systemic inflammatory conditions, including pancreatitis, in dogs.
Tensiones decoloniales y complejidad del conocimiento sociocultural de la subalternidad
Authors: Ocampo González Aldo 
Published: July 2023

Este trabajo analiza la naturaleza inconmensurable e inconmensurada de la subalternidad, lo que materializa una posición sin una identidad cuya inteligibilidad es compleja, especialmente, cuando intentamos acceder a las configuraciones de su esquema ontopolítico. La subalternidad construye una oposición binaria al Estado-nación. Es necesario luchar por la producción de nuevos criterios de legibilidad del sujeto educativo y cultural. Tal problema se reduce a una obstrucción en sus reglas de inteligibilidad ontopolíticas y existenciales de una amplia constelación de grupos específicos heterogéneos, amalgamados a través de problemáticas políticas, estructurales, relacionales, contingentes e históricas que determinan sus unidades de legibilidad cultural. El método empleado es revisión documental crítica, organizando un corpus crítico de trabajos sobre estudios interculturales, subalternidad y la poscolonialidad. Cada uno de ellos son claves para promover otro tipo de desempeños epistemológicos al respecto. Entre los principales resultados y conclusiones, se observa que, la subalternidad documenta un problema metodológico más profundo: no sabemos con exactitud en qué consiste la agencia cultural y política de tales grupos. Lo único que no debemos olvidar es que, nosotros, los educadores, estamos al servicio de grupos subalternos, nuestra tarea es aprender de su entorno, convertirnos en un discípulo de su espacio cultural.
Growth and survival of native upland and wetland species in shallow capped thickened tailings: a meso-scale greenhouse study
Authors: Degenhardt Dani , Van Dongen Angeline , Schreiber Stefan G. , Bekele Asfaw 
Published: July 2023

This 3 year meso-scale greenhouse study used 55 gallon columns to evaluate the survival and growth of boreal upland and wetland communities on thickened tailings (TT) with 0 cm, 10 cm, and 30 cm peat mineral mix (PMM) reclamation cap. While survival was high in all treatments, the PMM cap treatments showed significant improvement in overall plant growth, cover, and above-ground biomass compared to the uncapped treatment, with growth on the 30 cm PMM cap outperforming the 10 cm PMM cap. The plant growth response was similar between the two communities and the top performing species, in terms of survival and growth, in capped TT were Cornus sericea, Populus tremuloides, Salix bebbiana, and Scirpus microcarpus.
BCR/Integrin Interaction in CLL: A Physiologic Remnant with Clinical Relevance
Authors: Tissino Erika , Bomben Riccardo , Gattei Valter , Zucchetto Antonella 
Published: July 2023

SummaryCD49d, the alpha chain of the very late antigen-4 (VLA-4) integrin, has a negative prognostic impact in chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with the Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors, ibrutinib and acalabrutinib. Despite BTK inhibition, VLA-4 remains inside-out activated via B-cell receptor, an activation dampened by phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors. Evaluation of CD49d expression in patients starting BTK inhibitor therapy may improve their prognostic stratification.See related article by Alsadhan et al., p. 3612
Reimagining the Istanbul Encampment of 2013
Authors: Kolluoglu Poyraz 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This article rests upon two kinds of deductions: first a lack of scholarly engagement within cultural constructs of religion in mainstream social movement studies; and the second, the quasi-religious aspects of occupy-like movement. These two problematics, one theoretical, and one ethnographic, are drawn together through Edith Turner’s conceptualization of communitas in light of the fieldwork findings derived from the encampment established at Istanbul’s Gezi Park in 2013.
On the interaction between metaphors and sentiment polarities
Authors: Duann Ren-feng 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This study investigates Facebook posts related to ‘校正回歸 retrospective adjustment; to backlog’, a neologism coined during the first outbreak of COVID-19 in Taiwan in May 2021. It identifies 19 linguistic metaphors used to refer to this neologism; these are classified into the following eight metaphor groups: financial statements, lie, propaganda, recreation, scoundrel, straw, traffic congestion and tricks; among these, traffic congestion and recreation groups occur in posts of diverging polarities; the remaining six groups occur in posts exclusively expressing negative evaluation. Moreover, this study identifies a rhetorical strategy, parallelism, which occurs exclusively in the negative polarity and triggers a negative interpretation of value-neutral metaphors. Considering the aspects highlighted via the use of certain metaphors, it predicts that, for the conceptualisation of this neologism, objective metaphors are more likely to be used when the emphasis is on things that occur without the involvement of any agent’s volition; subjective metaphors are more likely to be used when the user emphasises the agent’s volition underlying a behaviour, including the manipulation of the number of infected patients, concealment of the truth, and transmission of false information.
Proximalization of arteriovenous inflow as native loop utilizing the upper arm basilic and forearm cephalic veins for the treatment of hemodialysis access induced hand ischemia
Authors: Hartono Yinhui-Lim , Shahverdyan Robert 
Published: July 2023

Background: Up to 10% of hemodialysis patients with an arteriovenous fistula (AVF) suffer hemodialysis access induced distal ischemia (HAIDI). We report a treatment option of HAIDI by proximalization of arterial inflow (PAI) to the axillary artery as native upper arm loop and salvaging the matured forearm cephalic vein after previous creation of a radio-cephalic AVF (RCAVF). Methods: A 79-years-old multimorbid male patient with end-stage kidney disease presented with an elsewhere placed left-sided RCAVF. With the start of cannulations, the patient suffered severe HAIDI. Due to the low/normal AVF-flow of 550 ml/min, a PAI procedure using the matured forearm cephalic and upper arm basilic veins in a form of native upper arm loop was performed. Results: Patient’s symptoms resolved postoperatively with successful cannulations and tunneled dialysis catheter removal after 5 weeks. During a follow-up period of 64 months, several interventions were performed to maintain the patency, yet the AVF remained patent for >5 years. Conclusions: This modified PAI technique using native vessels in form of upper arm loop graft is a feasible and durable option to maintain long-term cumulative patency and should be considered as a valid native treatment option for HAIDI.