bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of Reinforcement Learning for Well Location Optimization
Authors: Dawar Kshitij , Srinivasan Sanjay , Webster Mort D. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe extensive deployment of sensors in oilfield operation and management has led to the collection of vast amounts of data, which in turn has enabled the use of machine learning models to improve decision-making. One of the prime applications of data-based decision-making is the identification of optimum well locations for hydrocarbon recovery. This task is made difficult by the relative lack of high-fidelity data regarding the subsurface to develop precise models in support of decision-making. Each well placement decision not only affects eventual recovery but also the decisions affecting future wells. Hence, there exists a tradeoff between recovery maximization and information gain. Existing methodologies for placement of wells during the early phases of reservoir development fail to take an abiding view of maximizing reservoir profitability, instead focusing on short-term gains. While improvements in drilling technologies have dramatically lowered the costs of producing hydrocarbon from prospects and resulted in very efficient drilling operations, these advancements have led to sub-optimal and haphazard placement of wells. This can lead to considerable number of unprofitable wells being drilled which, during periods of low oil and gas prices, can be detrimental for a company’s solvency. The goal of the research is to present a methodology that builds machine learning models, integrating geostatistics and reservoir flow dynamics, to determine optimum future well locations for maximizing reservoir recovery. A deep reinforcement learning (DRL) framework has been proposed to address the issue of long-horizon decision-making. The DRL reservoir agent employs intelligent sampling and utilizes a reward framework that is based on geostatistical and flow simulations. The implemented approach provides opportunities to insert expert information while basing well placement decisions on data collected from seismic data and prior well tests. Effects of prior information on the well placement decisions are explored and the developed DRL derived policies are compared to single-stage optimization methods for reservoir development. Under similar reward framework, sequential well placement strategies developed using DRL have been shown to perform better than simultaneous drilling of several wells.
Compression-Based Modelling Honouring Facies Connectivity in Diverse Geological Systems
Authors: Manzocchi Tom , Walsh Deirdre A. , López-Cabrera Javier , Carneiro Marcus , Soni Kishan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn object- or pixel-based modelling, facies connectivity is tied to facies proportion as an inevitable consequence of the modelling process. However, natural geological systems (and rule-based models) have a wider range of connectivity behaviour and therefore are ill-served by simple modelling methods in which connectivity is an unconstrained output property rather than a user-defined input property. The compression-based modelling method decouples facies proportions from facies connectivity in the modelling process and allows models to be generated in which both are defined independently. The two-step method exploits the link between the connectivity and net:gross ratio of the conventional (pixel- or object-based) method applied. In Step 1 a model with the correct connectivity but incorrect facies proportions is generated. Step 2 applies a geometrical transform which scales the model to the correct facies proportions while maintaining the connectivity of the original model. The method is described and illustrated using examples representative of a poorly connected deep-water depositional system and a well-connected fluid-driven vein system.
Introduction: Distributed Learning Ecosystems. Concepts, Resources, and Repositories
Authors: Otto Daniel , Scharnberg Gianna , Kerres Michael , Zawacki-Richter Olaf 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe incisive developments during the COVID-19 pandemic have made the importance of online learning for education in the digital age evident, and it is unlikely that this wheel will be turned back in the foreseeable future (Brown, 2021). First experiences show, for instance, that online learning can support the development of digital education and the practices of student engagement (Gourlay et al., 2021) and can lead to an openness towards learning innovation that was not present before the COVID-19 pandemic (Rapanta et al., 2021). However, as the term “online” learning implies, the internet has played and will play a key role in developing and distributing new forms of teaching and learning.
The Technical Specifications and Requirements for Connecting OER Repositories Using the LOM Standard
Authors: Abdel-Qader Mohammad , Saleh Ahmed , Tochtermann Klaus 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOne of the goals of creating Open Educational Resources (OER) is to increase their accessibility for more learners. Connecting the different repositories that provide that these OER use one standard can help achieve that goal. In this chapter, we give detailed specifications and requirements for connecting different OER repositories using the Learning Object Metadata (LOM) standard from a technical point of view. We define the used technical terms and show how the process is working at the back end. More specifically, for each stage of connecting repositories, starting from harvesting the metadata from those repositories to storing the processed data in files ready to be used in the front end, we describe the functional requirements, what technologies are needed, and how the process works. In this chapter, we will describe the process of connecting the OER repositories using the LOM standard from start to end as simply as possible. The idea is to allow non-technical staff to replicate such a process, or maybe some stages of it. Afterwards, we give some examples of the tools that may help in the process of harvesting data from the web. Some of these tools are visual and do not require any programming skills. Finally, we briefly describe the EduArc project, which connects OER repositories using the LOM standard.
A Trusted Learning Analytics Dashboard for Displaying OER
Authors: Ahmad Atezaz , Yordanov Ivaylo Ivanov , Yau Jane , Schneider Jan , Drachsler Hendrik 
Published: February 2023

AbstractLearning Analytics (LA) consists of miscellaneous steps that include data harvesting, storing, cleaning, anonymisation, mining, analysis, and visualisation so that the vast amount of educational data is comprehensible and ethically utilisable by educators or instructors to obtain the advantages and benefits that LA can bring to the educational scene. These include the potential to increase learning experiences and reduce dropout rates. In this chapter, we shed light on OER repositories, LA, and LA dashboards and present an implementation of a research-driven LA dashboard for displaying OER and their repositories that allows the visualisation of educational data in an understandable way for both educators and learners. Moreover, we present an LA dashboard for displaying OER that shows information about the existing German OER repositories as part of our EduArc project located in Germany. The LA dashboard consists of multiple adopted indicators and metrics such as the number of reading sessions, duration of reading sessions, number of reading interruptions, number of learning activities, student attendance, and student grades. The details of the research methodology, including a literature review to create this dashboard, as well as the display items of the dashboard are presented and further elaborated.
Typologies of (Open) Online Courses and Their Dimensions, Characteristics and Relationships with Distributed Learning Ecosystems, Open Educational Resources, and Massive Open Online Courses
Authors: Stracke Christian M. , Bozkurt Aras , Burgos Daniel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter analyses the different typologies of online courses. First, we start with a reflection about the key terms of online learning, online courses, and distributed learning ecosystems (DLE). In our literature review, we cannot identify any existing typology framework for online courses. Consequently, we analyse and compare dimensions and categories of online courses from different sources: first, from the collected publications and studies identified in our literature review, second, from the current practices and platforms for online courses, and third, from standards for online courses, including the first international quality norm for online learning ISO/IEC 40180. As our key result, a framework proposal for the different typologies of online courses is developed based on these discussions and a comparison of several dimensions. The integration of our comparison results leads to the Typologies of Online Courses (TOC) framework with eight dimensions. The aim of the TOC framework is two-fold. First, it should support designers in the design, quality development, and evaluation of online courses. Second, it should enable learners to differentiate online courses according to the dimensions of these courses in comparison with their own preferences and demands. In the conclusion, an outlook on future research needs is provided. Finally, we come full circle and briefly discuss how (open) online courses and especially the two currently most important types, namely, Open Educational Resources (OER) and Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), can contribute to DLE and to addressing the general need for (equity and collaborative) education for all.
Quality of OER: Test Theoretical Development and Validation of an Assessment Tool
Authors: Lübben Sonja , Müskens Wolfgang , Zawacki-Richter Olaf 
Published: February 2023

AbstractDue to their dynamic development process, Open Educational Resources (OER) pose a special challenge regarding quality assurance. While there are many approaches to developing procedures for quality assurance, there is still a lack of suitable instruments to measure the quality of OER. Zawacki-Richter and Mayrberger (2017) integrated seven internationally used instruments for measuring the quality of OER into a comprehensive quality model for OER in higher education. Quality of OER is understood as a multidimensional construct within this model. The model formed the basis for the Instrument for Quality Assurance of OER (IQOER). The article reports on the empirical validation of the German version of this instrument. The validation included the analysis of interrater reliabilities, internal consistencies, and an estimation of construct validity operationalised as convergent validity with the MERLOT Peer Reviewer Report Form (California State University 2019). Furthermore, the particular importance of quality assurance of OER within distributed learning ecosystems is discussed. It is argued that to ensure the quality of OER, three conditions must be met: there must be practicable procedures for measuring quality; reliable and valid instruments for measuring quality must be used; and finally, the results of the quality measurement must be communicated to the users of the OER.
Keeping Each Other Safe: Young Refugees’ Navigation Towards a Good Life in Finland, Norway, and Scotland
Authors: Haswell Nick , Kaukko Mervi , Fylkesnes Marte Knag , Sullivan Paul 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe metaphor of navigation has been used to investigate the social and moral movements people make in changeable or fluctuating circumstances, as well as to shed light on the intersection of people, practices and the changing contexts and social forces around them. In this chapter, we first provide a short overview of navigation as a metaphor, and how the situations of young refugees might add to the multiple meanings of navigation. Using empirical data from the international NordForsk-funded project Drawing Together: Relational wellbeing in the lives of young refugees in Finland, Norway and Scotland, we explore how young refugees socially and morally navigate through the complex and unstable circumstances of building new lives and new social networks in host countries. Then, turning to our findings, we discuss how ‘living well’ involves not only movement towards individual goals, but also movement with, for the sake of, and in relation to important people locally and transnationally. We conclude the chapter by envisioning the destination of young refugees’ navigation as hinted at by the data: a world worth living in for all.
Leading for Love, Life, Wisdom, and Voice in Steiner Schools: Constraints and Conditions of Possibility
Authors: Moller Virginia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter interweaves two stories: the first is the story of Steiner education as one important voice in keeping focus on what matters in education and its transformative promise through the core pedagogical values of love, life, wisdom, and voice. The second story is based on the author’s autoethnographical research on leading practices of Steiner school principals over a period of major change and crisis in a Steiner school’s life. This research included the use of the theory of practice architectures to uncover unsustainable contradictions in the way we work in Steiner schools which constrain the full promise of the educational approach as an engine room for social change and renewal. These contradictions include doubt and uncertainty about the role of the principal and of leadership itself; and the depth of the emotional load of the principal and teachers in holding the competing ideological and pedagogical tensions of the Steiner and broader educational policy environment. Maintaining the integrity of the higher purposes of Steiner education involves leading practices which move away from the unsustainable tensions to encompass intentional hierarchy and healthy collaboration, and a repositioning of Steiner education from the margins to a legitimate part of a diverse educational mainstream.
Leading by Listening: Why Aboriginal Voices Matter in Creating a World Worth Living in
Authors: Burgess Catherine , Grice Christine , Wood Julian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTolive well in a world worth living in for all Australians, Aboriginal voices should be central to Australian schooling. This is a radical shift from the current education policy, where Aboriginal-informed knowledge, leadership, and practices are peripheral. Through the lens of the theory of practice architectures, this chapter proposes that Aboriginal leading practices differ from many taken-for-granted Western leadership practices. Aboriginal leading practices—founded on deep listening, reciprocity, and respect are key to creating a world worth living in for all in Australian schools. Our findings are supported by the Aboriginal Voices Project systematic review that discovered that intercultural, collective approaches to leading in schools are more effective than transformational leadership models, bringing shared power and authority through trusting collaborations with local Aboriginal communities. The Culturally Nourishing Schooling Project, emerging from this research, prioritises relationship-building practices grounded in Aboriginal community-led practices that support cultural identity, curriculum, pedagogy, and whole-school reform.
Partnering for Hope: Agentic Narrative Practices Shaping a World Worth Living in
Authors: Morgan Sally 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPeople seeking asylum in Australia remain subject to restrictive policies and punitive government practices, constraining their opportunities to live well. In this chapter, I focus on conversations that took place within the early stages of a critical participatory action research (CPAR) project involving members of the asylum-seeker owned Hope Co-operative. I posit a hybrid theoretical lens locating human subjectivity and agency in practice, layering the theory of practice architectures, Stetsenko’s transformative activist stance, and Emirbayer and Mische’s temporally embedded agency with past, future, and present orientations. Drawing on conversations between eight Hope Co-Operative asylum-seeking members and me, I trace some of these conversations’ cultural-discursive, material-economic, and social-political arrangements. I identify three types of talking—mapping solidarities, reminiscing and talking-up—and discuss these particular types of talking as agentic narrative practice comprising people’s mutual becoming. The study speaks to how particular relational arrangements and types of talking might counter systemic exclusion of people seeking asylum through the inherent radical agency of iterative and dialogic self- and world-making in practice.
Perturbative unitarity of strongly interacting massive particle models
Authors: Kamada Ayuki , Kobayashi Shin , Kuwahara Takumi 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Dark pion is a promising candidate for the strongly interacting massive particle dark matter. A large pion self-coupling mπ/fπ tends to be required for correct relic abundance, and hence the partial-wave amplitudes can violate the perturbative unitarity even for the coupling within naïve perturbative regime. We improve the partial-wave amplitudes in order to satisfy the optical theorem. We demonstrate that the improvement is relevant only for semi-relativistic pions, and thus this does not affect the self-scattering cross section at the cosmic structures. We also discuss the impact of the improvement of the πππ → ππ scattering process, and we find that there is an upper bound on mπ at which the correct relic abundance is never achieved even at large mπ/fπ due to the optical theorem.
Exact thermal correlators of holographic CFTs
Authors: Bhatta Atanu , Mandal Taniya 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
We compute the exact retarded Green’s functions in thermal CFTs with chemical potential and angular momenta using holography respectively. We consider the field equations satisfied by the quasi-normal modes in both charged and rotating black holes in AdS spacetime and mapped them to the Heun equations by appropriate changes of variables. The AGT correspondence allows us to find the connection formulae among the solutions of the Heun equations near different singularities by using the crossing relations of the five-point correlators in the Liouville CFT. The connection formulae associated with the boundary conditions imposed on the bulk field equations yield the exact thermal correlators in the boundary CFT.
Die Neonatologie/Pädiatrische Intensivmedizin – ein attraktiver Arbeitsplatz?
Authors: Dresbach Till , Müller Andreas , Trepels-Kottek Sonja , Soff Johannes , Hoffmann Jan , Scholten Nadine 
Published: February 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die Arbeitszufriedenheit wie auch das Wohlbefinden der ärztlichen und pflegerischen Mitarbeiter*innen sind zum einen relevant zur Mitarbeiter*innenbindung, aber auch zur Aufrechterhaltung einer qualitativ hochwertigen Patient*innenversorgung. Aufgrund des Personalmangels in der Neonatologie ist es wichtig, mehr über den aktuellen Stand der Arbeitsplatzzufriedenheit, der Work-Life Balance wie auch der Wechselabsichten zu erfahren.

Methode
Hierzu sind insgesamt 389 Ärzt*innen und Pflegekräfte befragt worden.

Ergebnisse
Insgesamt arbeiten 74 % der Ärzt*innen in Vollzeit (≥ 38 h/Woche) (Ärzte: 80 %, Ärztinnen: 69 %), wobei dies jedoch nur von 49 % der befragten Ärzt*innen (Ärzte: 57 %, Ärztinnen: 41 %) gewünscht ist. Mit 56 % an Ärzt*innen mit einem klinisch auffälligen WHO-5-Wohlbefindens Index zeigt sich auch hier Handlungsbedarf. Circa 44 % der befragten Ärzt*innen unter 60 Jahren planen, in den nächsten 5 Jahren ihren Arbeitgeber zu wechseln. Dies steht im signifikanten Zusammenhang zu Burn-out und Work-Life-Balance-Konflikten.

Diskussion
Insgesamt zeigen sich große Herausforderungen in der Vereinbarkeit von Arbeit und Familie und hierdurch der vermehrte Wunsch nach Teilzeit.
Infektionen des Rückenmarks und der angrenzenden Strukturen
Authors: Pfausler Bettina , Rass Verena , Lindner Anna 
Published: February 2023

ZusammenfassungEine Entzündung des Myelons und der angrenzenden Strukturen kann durch Viren, Bakterien, Pilze und Parasiten verursacht werden. Während Viren bevorzugt das Myelon und die Radizes direkt infizieren oder eine sekundäre Immunantwort triggern, neigen Bakterien, Pilze und Parasiten zur Bildung von Abszessen, Granulomen und Zysten und können wie destruierende Osteomyelitiden zu einer sekundären Myelonkompression führen. Die ätiologische Eingrenzung eines akuten/subakuten spinalen Prozesses erfolgt anhand der klinischen Präsentation, der zeitlichen Dynamik der Symptomentwicklung, des Immunstatus, der Bildgebung und mikrobieller/molekularbiologischer Untersuchungen von Liquor und Serum. Aufgrund des Tropismus einzelner Erreger zu bestimmten Faserstrukturen und Zellverbänden im Rückenmark kann in Zusammenschau mit der Klinik, der Bildgebung und der Expositionsanamnese oft bereits zeitnah eine fokussierte Abklärung und Diagnose erfolgen. In diesem Artikel wird auf wichtige Erreger einer spinalen/paraspinalen Infektion, deren geografisches Vorkommen und die klinische und bildgebende Präsentation unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der anatomisch-topografischen Lokalisation und aktueller epidemiologischer Entwicklungen eingegangen. Der Ausbruch von Poliomyelitiserkrankungen durch zirkulierende Impfstoffpolioviren (cVDPV) sei hier im Speziellen erwähnt.