bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Computed tomography-guided interstitial implantation of I (125) radioactive seeds in the treatment of hilar airway stenosis caused by non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Li Guo , Zhou Xia , Huang Chao-Jiao , Zuo Zhi-Wei , Wu Fa , Zhang Jun-Feng , Jiang Rui , Du Fei-Zhou 
Published: May 2023

Background
Airway stenosis secondary to non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the severe complications that can lead to life-threatening outcomes.

Objective
To investigate the clinical utility of computed tomography (CT)-guided interstitial implantation of radioactive I-125 seeds in the treatment of hilar airway stenosis caused by NSCLC.

Methods
The cases of hilar airway stenosis caused by NSCLC in our hospital from 2017 to 2022 were collected and divided into observation and control groups. Both groups underwent conventional lung cancer treatment, and the observation group was treated with CT-guided interstitial implantation of radioactive I-125 seeds. The mean tumor diameter, hilar airway stenosis, and obstructive pneumonia scores at 3 months after treatment were compared between the two groups.

Results
After 3 months of treatment, the mean tumor diameter (28.8 ± 9.3 mm vs 49.33 ± 16.75 mm, P < 0.001), hilar airway stenosis (20.55 ± 30.36% vs 84.85 ± 26.19%, P < 0.001), and obstructive pneumonia score (2.19 ± 1.41 vs 3.48 ± 1.12, P < 0.001) of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group.

Conclusion
CT-guided interstitial implantation of I (125) radioactive seeds in the treatment of hilar airway stenosis caused by NSCLC can effectively reduce the tumor volume, relieve airway stenosis, and alleviate the associated obstructive pneumonia and has a certain value of application in the clinic.
Anti-inflammatory potential of 1-O-methyl chrysophanol from Amycolatopsis thermoflava ICTA 103: an exploratory study
Authors: Batchu Uma Rajeswari , Surapaneni Joshna Rani , Cheemalamarri Chandrasekhar , Mandava Kiranmai , Puvvada Nagaprasad , Shetty Prakasham Reddy , MV Surekha 
Published: May 2023

The present study was designed to investigate the anti-inflammatory potential of Amycolatopsis thermoflava producing 1-O-methyl chrysophanol (OMC), a member of the hydroxyanthraquinone family. The anti-inflammatory potential was evaluated initially through in silico analysis against tumor necrosis factor- α and cyclooxygenase-2. The same activity was further confirmed based on the in vitro protein denaturation method as well as in vivo by a carrageenan-induced paw edema model in rats. The OMC compound was isolated, purified, and characterized from the fermentation broth of Amycoloptosis thermoflava. In vitro data revealed that the OMC possesses significant protein denaturation properties with an IC50 of 63.50±2.19 µg/ml higher than the standard drug, with an IC50 value of 71.42±0.715 µg/ml. The percentage of inhibition in paw swelling was observed to be 40.03±5.5 in OMC-treated group, which is comparable to the standard group (52.8±4.7). The histopathological evaluation and immunohistochemistry revealed the anti-inflammatory potential of OMC.
Frequency of low birth weight and its relationship with maternal serum zinc: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Karim Saira , Fazal Shabana , Naeem Muhammad , Ali Hikmat , Fazal Rozina , Karim Ambreen , Hashmi Saira , Baloch Yasir , khan Mehmand , Mumtaz Hassan 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Fetal and neonatal mortality and morbidity are connected to low birth weight (LBW), which is also associated with slow growth and cognitive development. Several factors, such as maternal nutrition, LBW deliveries, and additional dietary intake, contribute to pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to compare the maternal serum zinc levels between the LBW and normal birth weight neonates. Moreover, we will also determine the frequency of LBW in the local population.

Material and method:
This cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital from June 2021 to June 2022. Three hundred eighty-two gravid females with active labor (≥2 uterine contractions in 10 min) were enrolled in the study. Neonates at birth were weighed and divided into two groups: LBW and average or normal birth weight. Maternal serum zinc levels were performed by serum multi-element spectrometry (ICP-DRC-MS method). The data were analyzed using SPSS software.

Results:
Three hundred eighty-two patients enrolled in this study. The results showed the mean age of patients was 24.04±3.49 years, and the mean maternal zinc levels were found to be 75.32±13.80 μg/dl, respectively. Babies delivered at LBW had low maternal mean serum zinc levels (63.88±10.95 mg/dl) compared to babies with normal birth weight whose levels were comparatively high (83.83±8.57 mg/dl).

Conclusion:
It can be concluded that maternal dietary factors and nutrition are essential during fetal development and have an important association with birth weight.Zinc supplementation and other minerals should be prioritized because they may increase these infants’ birth weight. Increasing maternal zinc consumption has a significant positive linear relationship with infant birth weight.
Management of an accidental mass in a monorchidic patient discovered during infertility: a case report
Authors: Elmoudane Anouar , Boukhannous Ibrahim , Elalaoui Anass , haloui Anass , Bennani Amal , Barki Ali 
Published: May 2023

Introduction and importance:
Testicular cancer is the most frequent type of cancer in the young adult men, it is relatively rare. Infertility is an important risk factor for testicular cancer, with a doubled risk of developing cancer compared to the general population. The standard treatment for testicular cancer is the radical orchiectomy, but partial orchiectomy or testicular sparing surgery (TSS) is indicated for small masses, as many experiences, have shown that many small masses found incidentally turn out to be benign.

Case presentation:
The authors report the case of a patient presented for primary infertility, a clinical examination for left-sided gynecomastia without inflammatory signs. A testicular MRI revealed a 7 mm suspicious nodule in the posterior-inferior aspect of the right testicle, with contrast enhancement in the juxta-tumoral area corresponding to a heterogeneous area on ultrasound. Due to the lesion described on MRI, monorchidism, and azoospermia, a TSS combined with testicular biopsy and testicular sperm extraction was indicated.

Clinical discussion:
The reference treatment for testicular cancer is the radical orchiectomy, but in some selected situations, partial orchiectomy or TSS is indicated, as many experiences have shown that many small masses found incidentally turn out to be benign.

Conclusion:
This case suggests that TSS or partial orchiectomy for small nonpalpable testicular masses in monorchidic patients can provide an excellent outcome for the patient.
Henoch–Schönlein purpura with antecedent allergic diseases in a 4-year-old child: a case report
Authors: Bista Satkirti , Adhikari Yuvraj , Karmacharya Sammridhi , Joshi Sagar , Pandey Shikha , Adhikari Nawaraj 
Published: May 2023

Introduction and importance:
Henoch–Schönlein purpura (HSP)/immunoglobulin A vasculitis is an acute immunoglobulin-mediated vascular disorder compromising a triad of non-blanchable purpuric rashes, colicky abdominal pain and haematuria. Incidence ranging for large populations has been most common vasculitis among children with a mean age of 6years. Disease presentation ranges from small petechial rash to the most severe form of renal involvement so early diagnosis is important.

Case presentation:
Here the authors present a 4-year-old girl with antecedent allergic history associated HSP. She presented with non-blanchable purpuric rashes, abdominal pain with bilateral ankle swelling. She had been treated for atopic dermatitis and acute urticaria without angioedema and acute tonsillitis. The potential association of HSP and these condition should be kept in mind in order not to miss the impediment complications of HSP.

Clinical discussion:
HSP usually presents with rash, abdominal pain and vomiting, joint pain especially involving knees and ankles, subcutaneous oedema but in severe cases there could be renal involvement leading to nephritis, neurological manifestation involving neuropathies, altered mental status and many others.

Conclusion:
This case highlights the rarity of disease, presentation, association with allergic diseases and availability of treatment modality.
Sarcopenia and associated risk factors in oncology outpatients in specialized cancer centers in Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Almouaalamy Nabil , Adem Sittelbenat H. , Alsubhi Abdulrahman A. , Alansari Ahmed B. , Yahya Marwan A. , Alsadan Sultan A. 
Published: May 2023

Background:
Sarcopenia is a comorbidity associated with cancer, which takes advantage of a patient’s deteriorating state and decreases the survival rate. Thus, early detection of sarcopenia could improve oncology outpatient prognosis, treatment, and general quality of life.

Objective:
To measure the prevalence of probable sarcopenia and the associated risk factors in patients with cancer.

Methods:
This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 324 cancer patients were screened for sarcopenia using a simple questionnaire to rapidly diagnose sarcopenia [SARC-F (strength, assistance with walking, rising from a chair, climbing stairs, and falls)] and a hand grip dynamometer tool. The study was conducted from 1 January 2021 till 28 February 2021, in the outpatient department of Princess Noorah Oncology Center.

Results:
Among 324 cancer patients receiving active chemotherapy treatment, 28.4% screened positive for sarcopenia (SARC-F score ≥4). Moreover, 23.45% were identified as probable cases [SARC-F score ≥4 and a low hand grip strength (HGS)] of sarcopenia, according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People consensus 2 (EWGSOP2) case-finding algorithm, which is sufficient to initiate a management plan.

Conclusions:
One-quarter of the cancer patients had probable sarcopenia at our institution. Sarcopenia risk was independently associated with patient age, and the risk of sarcopenia was low among patients with higher albumin concentrations. Screening cancer patients for sarcopenia using the SARC-F questionnaire and HGS may offer a useful strategy to mitigate the risk of unfavorable consequences that may occur during cancer treatment.
Kartagener’s syndrome with recurrent respiratory infection: a case report
Authors: Poudel Sabin , Basnet Anuj , Bista Satkirti , Shah Ravi , Chhetri Binita Thapa 
Published: May 2023

Introduction and importance:
Kartagener’s syndrome is a rare, ciliopathic autosomal recessive genetic disorder that comprises a triad of situs inversus, chronic sinusitis, and bronchiectasis leading to recurrent respiratory infections due to ciliary dyskinesia and thereby progressive deterioration of lung function. Additional clinical features of infertility, otitis media, and rhinitis are also seen in patients.

Case presentation:
The authors hereby present a case of Kartagener’s syndrome in a 40-year-old male with a repeated respiratory infection and bronchial asthma. He was received at the emergency room with symptoms of hemoptysis, shortness of breath, and chest pain. Diagnosis of cystic bronchiectasis with superadded infection was made based on clinical examinations and radiological assessments. He was treated in high-dependency unit. After 5 days of relieving therapeutic interventions in the hospital, he was discharged without further complication.

Clinical discussions:
Early diagnosis of Kartagener’s syndrome is likely to be beneficial as it helps delay deterioration of lung function to prevent complications and improve the quality of life of patients but the diagnosis of this syndrome is usually delayed as it is a rare disease, especially in countries with lack of complex diagnostic facilities. So, assessment for this syndrome has to be done in patients presenting with chronic and recurrent respiratory infections for correct timely diagnosis to have a good patient-centric healthcare facility.
Management of mad honey intoxication with suspected anaphylaxis in Nepal: a case report
Authors: Anand Ayush , Adhikari Nabin , Gupta Ashwini , Ranjan Rajesh , Gautam Arun , Bhattarai Urza , Shah Bhupendra 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Consumption of mad honey can lead to intoxication. The exact incidence of mad honey-induced intoxication is unknown. Typically, the patients present with dizziness, nausea, syncope, and sinus bradycardia.

Case presentation:
The authors reported the case of a middle-aged male patient who presented with blurring of vision, passage of loose stools, vomiting, and profuse sweating after ingestion of honey. He also had a history of loss of consciousness. On presentation, he was hypotensive and tachypneic with cold, clammy extremities. His ECG showed sinus bradycardia. The authors made a diagnosis of mad honey intoxication with suspected anaphylaxis. The authors treated him with intravenous normal saline, epinephrine, and atropine. He again developed hypotension and bradycardia in a few hours, for which hydrocortisone was administered, following which his heart rate was normalized in 2 h. Overall, the recovery time in our patient was 8 h. The patient was counseled to avoid consuming mad honey and did well on his monthly follow-up.

Discussion:
Our patient had signs and symptoms suggesting intoxication following ingestion of mad honey with suspicion of anaphylaxis. Similar to other reported cases, the patient had sinus bradycardia and hypotension. Epinephrine and atropine were administered to treat hypotension and bradycardia, respectively. Also, refractory hypotension was managed by intravenous hydrocortisone. Usually, atropine and saline infusion are sufficient to manage these cases, and simultaneous use of epinephrine and atropine should be avoided unless indicated.

Conclusion:
Our case highlighted the approach to diagnosing and treating mad honey intoxication with suspected anaphylaxis.
Survival status and predictors of mortality among COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units at COVID-19 centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a retrospective study
Authors: Boka Abdissa , Tadesse Addisu , W/Yohannes Getachew , Hussein Kedir 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
Worldwide, including in Ethiopia, there is an increased risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease severity and mortality. This study aimed to assess the survival status and predictors of mortality among COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit.

Methods:
This study included 508 COVID-19 patients retrospectively who were under follow-up. The work has been reported in line with the STROCSS (strengthening the reporting of cohort, cross-sectional and case–control studies in surgery) criteria. The data were collected through a systematic sampling from patients’ charts. Kaplan–Meier survival curves and logrank test, and Cox’s regression analyses were conducted to check the difference among categories of covariates and to identify predictors of mortality, respectively.

Results:
All patient charts were reviewed and the information was recorded. The average age (mean+SD) of these patients was 62.1+13.6 years. Among study participants, 422 deaths occurred and the mortality rate was 64.1 per 1000 person-days. The median survival time was 13 days [interquartile range (IQR): 10–18]. The significant predictors for this survival were: Age>45 years [adjusted hazard ratio (AHR)=4.34, 95% CI: 2.46–7.86], Diabetes mellitus (AHR=1.37, 95% CI: 1.05–1.77), Hypertension (AHR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.09–1.79), Renal disease (AHR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.01–3.43), Hypotension (AHR=1.71, 95% CI: 1.28–2.27), Electrolyte treatment (AHR=0.78, 95% CI: 0.63–0.97).

Conclusion:
The median survival of COVID-19 patients after their admission was 13 days, and predictors for this time were advanced age, preexisting comorbidities (like diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and renal disease), hypotension, and electrolyte therapy.
Factors associated with a higher need for antihypertensive medications at 12-months in postkidney transplant recipients: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Arabi Ziad , Bawazir Abdullah S. , Arabi Tarek , Fawzy Nader A. , Baduwaylan Reem A. , Sabbah Belal 
Published: May 2023

Background:
There are limited data on why some kidney transplant (KTx) recipients (KTRs) have ‘difficult-to-control (DTC) hypertension’ requiring greater than or equal to 2 antihypertensive medications while others require less antihypertensive medications post-KTx.

Methods:
The authors reviewed the pre-KTx cardiovascular (CV) imaging, and the changes of CV risk factors during the first-year post-KTx. The authors divided patients according to the number of their blood pressure medications at one year into two groups: requiring less than or equal to 1 and requiring greater than or equal to 2 medications (DTC hypertension). The target blood pressure during the time of this study was less than 140/90 mmHg.

Results:
Two hundred forty-five KTRs were included with an average age of 43.2. 56.3% were male and 79.2% were living donor KTRs. Pre-emptive KTx was 6.5%, previous coronary artery disease was 12.7%, diabetes and smoking 40.8 and 9%, respectively. 38% of the patients had DTC HTN. Risk factors were age (P<0.01), pre-KTx hypertension (P<0.01), and diabetes mellitus (P<0.01). Dialysis vintage, type of dialysis, type of KTx, and smoking were not different between the groups.
Patients with abnormal pre-KTx CV imaging, including abnormal ejection fraction less than 55% (P=0.03), abnormal wall motion on echocardiography (P<0.01), abnormal perfusion stress test (P<0.01), higher calcium scoring (P<0.01), abnormal cardiac catheterization (P<0.01), or higher degree of calcifications on CT of pelvic arteries (P<0.01) were at higher risk of DTC hypertension. Post-KTx factors including rejection, change in serum creatinine and weight, A1c, new-onset diabetes post-KTx, and persistent hyperparathyroidism were not different between the groups.
Multivariate analysis revealed associations with age (aOR=1.027), male sex (aOR=2.057), baseline diabetes mellitus (aOR=2.065), baseline HTN (aOR=2.82), and use of greater than or equal to 2 antihypertensive medications at 1-month post-KTx (aOR=6.146).

Conclusion:
At one year post transplantation, about a third of the KTRs required had DTC HTN. These patients were more likely to be older, males, diabetics, previously hypertensive, on greater than or equal to 2 HTN medications at 1-month post-KTx, and to have abnormal baseline pretransplant CV imaging.
Pulmonary artery aneurysm and hemoptysis as uncommon sequelae of COVID-19 infection: a case report from Syria
Authors: Hamdar Hussein , Nahle Ali Alakbar , Sikaria Amjad , Alhadid Salem Algomaa 
Published: May 2023

Introduction and importance:
Pulmonary artery aneurysm (PAA) is a rare vascular disease, and it is known to be an extremely rare complication following infection with the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Other etiologies of the disease are cancer, congenital heart anomalies, and vasculitis. While it is usually an asymptomatic disease, PAA can sometimes present with severe symptoms such as hemoptysis due to the rupture of the aneurysm.

Case presentation:
Here, The authors report a case of a 75-year-old female patient presented with hemoptysis. She had normal vasculature on a previous computed tomography scan when she was diagnosed with COVID-19. Four months after having COVID-19, and with a computed tomographic pulmonary angiography -assisted diagnosis, the patient was later diagnosed with PAA.

Clinical discussion:
PAAs have a wide nonspecific range of symptoms. The main diagnostic test is computed tomography angiography. Treatment is still controversial with no definite agreement on the management.

Conclusion:
COVID-19 infections can cause severe damage to blood vessels, especially in the context of other etiologies that can further damage the vasculature. This report demonstrates the importance of patient follow-up and monitoring post-COVID-19 infection in reducing further complications and mortality.
Linezolid-induced black hairy tongue in a patient treated for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis: a case report
Authors: Sethi Yashendra , Padda Inderbir , Fulton Matthew , Kaiwan Oroshay , Chopra Hitesh , Bin Emran Talha 
Published: May 2023

Introduction and importance:Linezolid-induced black hairy tongue (BHT) is a highly scarce adverse event of linezolid therapy. To date, there are very few reported cases in contemporary literature. The onset and mechanism of BHT are also not well understood.Case report:In this article, the authors report a case of BHT in a 28-year-old female following 5 days of therapy with linezolid. The patient recovered well within few days of discontinuation of the drug and maintaining oral hygeine. Patient reassurance and counselling was integral to the management.Discussion and conclusion:This case report and review depict a rare adverse effect of linezolid and discuss its clinical implications aiding healthcare professionals in an early diagnosis and cromulent management strategy. The authors also present a compilation of previously reported literature on linezolid-induced BHT to support the discussion.
Guillan-barre syndrome during COVID-19 pandemic: a case series from Syria
Authors: Labbad Ibrahim , Shammas Ibrahim , Abbas Aram , Alorfhli Ibrahim , Agha Mohamad S. 
Published: May 2023

Background:
The Coronavirus was first discovered in December 2019 and quickly it turned into a pandemic called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The main symptoms of infection with this virus were constitutional and respiratory symptoms. However, one-third of COVID-19 patients also developed neurologic manifestations, including Guillan-Barre syndrome (GBS), which was one of the most critical complications.

Case presentation:
In this paper, the authors present seven patients who suffered from GBS after being infected with the Coronavirus or in conjunction with the infection. Nerve conduction studies showed axonal type in four patients, and demyelinating type in three patients. Neurological symptoms were the initial symptoms in two patients and the presence of COVID-19 was later discovered. Most of the patients had an excellent recovery.

Conclusion:
In the medical literature, many articles have mentioned the association of GBS with the Coronavirus, and it is considered the most common peripheral neurologic complication for the virus, but this article is considered one of the very few articles that were published from the Middle East, especially from Syria. Guillain-Barre’s occurrence after infections is known, and the Coronavirus is one of the most important viruses of the era, which incited an increase in the number of Guillain-Barre patients.