bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methods to assess ambivalence towards food and diet: a scoping review
Authors: Hayashi Daisuke , Carvalho Samantha Dalbosco Lins , Ribeiro Paula Aver Bretanha , Rodrigues Roberta Cunha Matheus , São‐João Thaís Moreira , Lavoie Kim , Bacon Simon , Cornélio Marilia Estevam 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAmbivalence towards food and diet, which favours behavioural inertia, might be a barrier to adopting healthier eating behaviours. Measuring it can help researchers to better understand its relationship with behaviour change and design interventions aimed at resolving it. In this scoping review, we map and describe methods and tools employed in studies to assess, measure or classify the ambivalence of participants towards food‐ and diet‐related attitude objects.MethodsIn accordance with Joanna Briggs Institute guidance for conducting scoping reviews, we retrieved peer‐reviewed studies from MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, FSTA and Food Science Source and preprints from PsyArXiv and MedRxiv. Two independent reviewers screened the articles. We considered for inclusion peer‐reviewed studies and preprints that assessed the ambivalence of participants of any age, sex or sociodemographic group towards food and diet.ResultsWe included 45 studies published between 1992 and 2022, which included participants from 17 countries. Eighteen methods were employed across the included studies to assess different types of ambivalence (felt, potential or cognitive–affective), the most frequent of which were the Griffin Index, the Subjective Ambivalence Questionnaire, the MouseTracker Paradigm and the Orientation to Chocolate Questionnaire.ConclusionThis scoping review identified several methods and tools to assess different types of ambivalence towards food‐ and diet‐related objects, providing an array of options for future studies.
EGF coating of titanium surfaces modulates cytokines in oral mucosal primary cells exposed to TNF‐α
Authors: Pansani Taisa Nogueira , Basso Fernanda Gonçalves , Cardoso Laís Medeiros , de Souza Costa Carlos Alberto 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study assessed the metabolism of oral mucosal cells cultured on titanium discs (Ti) coated (or not) with epidermal growth factor (EGF) and exposed to tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF‐α).MethodsFibroblasts or keratinocytes were seeded on Ti coated or not with EGF, and then exposed to 100 ng/mL of TNF‐α for 24 h. Groups were established: G1: Ti (control); G2: Ti + TNF‐α; G3: Ti + EGF; and G4: Ti + EGF + TNF‐α. Both cell lines were evaluated for: viability (AlamarBlue®, n = 8); interleukin 6 and 8 (IL‐6, IL‐8) gene expression (qPCR, n = 5), and protein synthesis (ELISA, n = 6). For keratinocytes cells, the matrix metalloproteinase type 3 (MMP‐3) was evaluated by qPCR (n = 5) and ELISA (n = 6). A 3‐D culture of fibroblasts was analyzed by confocal microscopy. The data were subjected to ANOVA analysis, α = 5%.ResultsIncreased cell viability was observed in all groups compared with G1. Enhanced gene expression and synthesis of IL‐6 and IL‐8 by fibroblasts and keratinocytes in G2 and modulation of hIL‐6 gene expression in G4 was noted. Modulation of IL‐8 synthesis occurred in keratinocytes in G3 and G4. Keratinocytes in G2 showed enhanced gene expression of hMMP‐3. A 3‐D culture showed more cells in G3. Fibroblasts in G2 exhibited disrupted cytoplasmic membrane. Cells in G4 showed elongated morphology with intact cytoplasm.ConclusionsEGF coating increases cell viability and modulates the response of oral cells exposed to an inflammatory stimulus.
Banana bunchy top disease in Africa—Predicting continent‐wide disease risks by combining survey data and expert knowledge
Authors: Bouwmeester Hein , Blomme Guy , Omondi Aman Bonaventure , Ocimati Walter 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAcross Africa, banana bunchy top disease (BBTD) severely impacts banana production and livelihoods of millions of smallholder farmers. Mapping vulnerability of landscapes to monitor BBTD establishment and spread is crucial for proactive measures of disease exclusion. To highlight current and future risks of BBTD in Africa, the relationship between 1160 field observations from 14 BBTD surveys and environmental covariate maps was determined using logistic regression. From these relationships, we inferred the environmental suitability of the African landscape for the possible wider spread of BBTD. Using this information and expert knowledge, we generated a map highlighting the main banana production areas at risk of BBTD entry and establishment. We combined these maps to create a priority map that highlights the areas that need most attention in combating BBTD through surveillance and measures to prevent its spread. Our analysis shows that BBTD is widespread across tropical Africa, with dispersal over several hotspots. Central and Western Africa are most favourable for the development of BBTD. Central, West and South‐East Africa are most at risk of BBTD entry and initial establishment. Areas in West and Central Africa, in the Great Lakes Region in Eastern Africa and in South‐East Africa, particularly in Malawi and Mozambique, score high on the prioritization index for surveillance and mitigation efforts. Recent reports of BBTD presence in north‐western Uganda and western Tanzania support these risk predictions. For these and other not‐yet‐infected areas, measures for close surveillance and proactive management of the disease are needed.
Technology adoption in autocratic economies: The role of fiscal capacity
Authors: Janus Thorsten 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhat determines technology in autocratic regimes? In this paper, I assume that a rent‐extracting regime can adopt technology from the global technology frontier, tax‐paying citizens can oust the regime, and technology can decrease the ousting cost. I show that a lack of fiscal capacity can increase technology by preventing the ousting constraint from binding. Consistent with this prediction, tax collections and total factor productivity are negatively related in autocratic regimes. Extensions show that natural resources can divorce fiscal revenues from technology, which can encourage technology blocking. However, if technology adoption is socially costly, autocratic regimes can adopt too much technology.
Edgeworth's taxation paradox when firms engage in cost‐reducing investment
Authors: Hamada Kojun , Ohkawa Takao , Okamura Makoto 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study examines whether and when Edgeworth's taxation paradox, that taxation decreases the equilibrium price, occurs in a free‐entry Cournot oligopoly with cost‐reducing investment. In contrast to the fact that no paradox occurs in the short‐run equilibrium, the paradox can occur in the long‐run equilibrium, in which the number of firms is endogenous. However, the conditions under which the paradox occurs are restrictive when there is no investment. By incorporating cost‐reducing investments into the model, we demonstrate that the paradox is likely to occur under less restrictive conditions, irrespective of whether the tax is specific or ad valorem.
Split‐face evaluation: Gluconolactone plus oxybrasion versus gluconolactone plus microneedling. The effects on skin parameters
Authors: Jarząbek‐Perz Sylwia , Dziedzic Marta , Kołodziejczak Anna , Rotsztejn Helena 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe application of polyhydroxy acids and alpha‐hydroxy acids to the skin is often used in cosmetology. To enhance the effect of gluconolactone chemical peeling, a combined method including water‐oxygen oxybrasion or microneedle mesotherapy can be used.ObjectivesTo evaluate skin parameters such as hydration, sebum, pH and TEWL after application of a 10% gluconolactone chemical peel in combination with oxybrasion and microneedling.Materials and methodsTwenty‐one Caucasian women participated in the study. A series of three split face treatments was carried out at 1‐week intervals. Oxybrasion was performed on the right side of the face and micro‐needle mesotherapy on the left side. A 10% gluconolactone solution was applied to the entire face. Before the first and third treatments and 2 weeks after the last treatment, skin parameters were evaluated. Photographic documentation was also made before and after the treatment series.Results and conclusionEvaluation of skin parameters using Courage & Khazaka 580 Multi Probe Adapter probes (Courage + Khazaka electronic GmbH, Cologne, Germany) showed an increase in hydration and a decrease in sebum, pH and TEWL for both treatments. There were no statistically significant differences between the treatments. Combining chemical peeling of gluconolactone with oxybrasion and microneedle mesotherapy is a good method to seal the hydrolipid barrier and increase skin hydration.
Carbon dioxide flooding to reduce postoperative neurological injury following surgery for acute type A aortic dissection: a prospective, randomised, blinded, controlled clinical trial, CARTA study protocol - objectives and design
Authors: Ede Jacob , Teurneau-Hermansson Karl , Moseby-Knappe Marion , Ramgren Birgitta , Bjursten Henrik , Ederoth Per , Larsson Mårten , Mattsson-Carlgren Niklas , Sjögren Johan , Wierup Per , Nozohoor Shahab , Zindovic Igor 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionNeurological complications after surgery for acute type A aortic dissection (ATAAD) increase patient morbidity and mortality. Carbon dioxide flooding is commonly used in open-heart surgery to reduce the risk of air embolism and neurological impairment, but it has not been evaluated in the setting of ATAAD surgery. This report describes the objectives and design of the CARTA trial, investigating whether carbon dioxide flooding reduces neurological injury following surgery for ATAAD.Methods and analysisThe CARTA trial is a single-centre, prospective, randomised, blinded, controlled clinical trial of ATAAD surgery with carbon dioxide flooding of the surgical field. Eighty consecutive patients undergoing repair of ATAAD, and who do not have previous neurological injuries or ongoing neurological symptoms, will be randomised (1:1) to either receive carbon dioxide flooding of the surgical field or not. Routine repair will be performed regardless of the intervention. The primary endpoints are size and number of ischaemic lesions on brain MRI performed after surgery. Secondary endpoints are clinical neurological deficit according to the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, level of consciousness using the Glasgow Coma Scale motor score, brain injury markers in blood after surgery, neurological function according to the modified Rankin Scale and postoperative recovery 3 months after surgery.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval has been granted by Swedish Ethical Review Agency for this study. Results will be disseminated through peer-reviewed media.Trial registration numberNCT04962646.
Impacts of unifying urban and rural residents’ medical insurance on the hospitalisation expenses of rural patients in eastern China: an interrupted time series analysis
Authors: Qin Zhaohui , Liu Sha , Zhou Min , Chen Lijiang , Huang Wenhao , Shen Liang 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesThis study evaluated the impact of the Urban and Rural Residents’ Basic Medical Insurance scheme on hospitalisation expenses of rural patients in eastern China, which unified separate healthcare systems for urban and rural residents.DesignMonthly hospitalisation data from municipal and county hospitals were collected from the local Medicare Fund Database, covering the period from January 2018 to December 2021. The unification of insurance between urban and rural patients was implemented at different times for county and municipal hospitals. An interrupted time series analysis was used to assess the immediate and gradual effects of the integrated policy on the total medical expenses, out-of-pocket (OOP) expenses and effective reimbursement rate (ERR) among rural patients.Setting and participantsThis study included 636 155 rural inpatients over 4 years in Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province, China.ResultsIn January 2020, the policy of urban and rural medical insurance was initially integrated in county hospitals, after which the ERR decreased at a monthly rate of 0.23% (p=0.002, 95% CI −0.37% to −0.09%) compared with the preintervention period. After the insurance systems were unified in municipal hospitals in January 2021, OOP expenses decreased by ¥63.54 (p=0.002, 95% CI −102.48 to −24.61) and the ERR increased at a monthly rate of 0.24% (p=0.029, 95% CI 0.03% to 0.045%).ConclusionsOur results suggest that the unification of urban and rural medical insurance systems was an effective intervention to reduce the financial burden of illness for rural inpatients, especially OOP expenses for hospitalisation in municipal hospitals.
Paper and screen media in current health education practices aimed at older adults: a scoping review protocol
Authors: Ferraz Larissa Taveira , Santos Anna Julia Tavares , Lorenzi Lorena Jorge , Castro Paula Costa , Frohlich David Mark , Barley Elizabeth 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionWith technological advancement and the COVID-19 pandemic, paper-based media are giving way to screen-based media to promote healthy ageing. However, there is no review available covering paper and screen media use by older people, so the objective of this review is to map the current use of paper-based and/or screen-based media for health education aimed at older people.Methods and analysisThe literature will be searched in Scopus, Web of Science, Medline, Embase, Cinahl, The ACM Guide to Computing Literature and Psyinfo databases. Studies in English, Portuguese, Italian or Spanish published from 2012 to the date of the search will be examined. In addition, an additional strategy will be carried out, which will be a Google Scholar search, in which the first 300 studies according to Google’s relevance algorithm will be verified. The terms used in the search strategy will be focused on older adults, health education, paper-based and screen-based media, preferences, intervention and other related terms. This review will include studies where the average age of the participants was 60 years or older and were users of health education strategies through paper-based or screen-based media. Two reviewers will carry out the selection of studies in five steps: identification of studies and removal of duplicates, pilot test, selection by reading titles and abstracts, full-text inclusion and search for additional sources. A third reviewer will resolve disagreements. To record information from the included studies, a data extraction form will be used. The quantitative data will be presented in a descriptive way and the qualitative data through Bardin’s content analysis.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not applicable to the scoping review. The results will be disseminated through presentations at significant scientific events and published in journals in the area.Protocol registration numberOpen science framework (DOI: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/GKEAH).
Evaluation of the effect of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate on arrhythmia-related cardiovascular outcomes in patients receiving chronic haemodialysis with hyperkalaemia: protocol for the multicentre, randomised, controlled DIALIZE-Outcomes study
Authors: Fishbane Steven , Jadoul Michel , Dember Laura , Kovesdy CP , Al-Shurbaji Ayman , Lisovskaja Vera , Sekar Priya , Katona Brian , Guzman Nicolas , Herzog Charles 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionPatients with kidney failure receiving chronic haemodialysis have elevated risk of arrhythmias potentially increasing the likelihood of sudden cardiac death, stroke and hospitalisation. The DIALIZE study (NCT03303521) demonstrated that sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) was an efficacious and well-tolerated treatment for predialysis hyperkalaemia in patients undergoing haemodialysis. The DIALIZE-Outcomes study evaluates the effect of SZC on sudden cardiac death and arrhythmia-related cardiovascular outcomes in patients receiving chronic haemodialysis with recurrent hyperkalaemia.Methods and analysisInternational, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study conducted at 357 study sites across 25 countries. Adults (≥18 years) receiving chronic haemodialysis three times per week with recurrent predialysis serum potassium (K+) ≥5.5 mmol/L post long interdialytic interval (LIDI) are eligible. Patients (~2800) will be randomised 1:1 to SZC or placebo, starting at 5 g orally once daily on non-dialysis days and titrated weekly in 5 g increments (maximum 15 g) to target predialysis serum K+4.0–5.0 mmol/L post LIDI. The primary objective is to evaluate efficacy of SZC versus placebo in reducing occurrence of the primary composite endpoint of sudden cardiac death, stroke or arrhythmia-related hospitalisation, intervention or emergency department visit. Secondary endpoints include efficacy of SZC versus placebo in maintaining normokalaemia (serum K+4.0–5.5 mmol/L post LIDI) at the 12-month visit, preventing severe hyperkalaemia (serum K+≥6.5 mmol/L post LIDI) at the 12-month visit and reducing the incidence of individual cardiovascular outcomes. Safety of SZC will be evaluated. The study is event driven, with participants remaining in the study until 770 primary endpoint events have occurred. Average time in the study is expected to be ~25 months.Ethics and disseminationApproval was obtained from the relevant institutional review board/independent ethics committee from each participating site (approving bodies in supplementary information). The results will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal.Trial registration numbersEudraCT 2020-005561-14 and clinicaltrials.gov identifierNCT04847232.
Mature tertiary lymphoid structures are key niches of tumour-specific immune responses in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas
Authors: Kinker Gabriela Sarti , Vitiello Glauco Akelinghton Freire , Diniz Ariane Barros , Cabral-Piccin Mariela Pires , Pereira Pedro Henrique Barbosa , Carvalho Maria Letícia Rodrigues , Ferreira Wallax Augusto Silva , Chaves Alexandre Silva , Rondinelli Amanda , Gusmão Arianne Fagotti , Defelicibus Alexandre , dos Santos Gabriel Oliveira , Nunes Warley Abreu , Claro Laura Carolina López , Bernardo Talita Magalhães , Nishio Ricardo Tadashi , Pacheco Adhemar Monteiro , Laus Ana Carolina , Arantes Lidia Maria Rebolho Batista , Fleck Julia Lima , de Jesus Victor Hugo Fonseca , de Moricz André , Weinlich Ricardo , Coimbra Felipe José Fernandez , de Lima Vladmir Cláudio Cordeiro , Medina Tiago da Silva 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveTo better understand the immune microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs), here we explored the relevance of T and B cell compartmentalisation into tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) for the generation of local antitumour immunity.DesignWe characterised the functional states and spatial organisation of PDAC-infiltrating T and B cells using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), flow cytometry, multicolour immunofluorescence, gene expression profiling of microdissected TLSs, as well as in vitro assays. In addition, we performed a pan-cancer analysis of tumour-infiltrating T cells using scRNA-seq and sc T cell receptor sequencing datasets from eight cancer types. To evaluate the clinical relevance of our findings, we used PDAC bulk RNA-seq data from The Cancer Genome Atlas and the PRINCE chemoimmunotherapy trial.ResultsWe found that a subset of PDACs harbours fully developed TLSs where B cells proliferate and differentiate into plasma cells. These mature TLSs also support T cell activity and are enriched with tumour-reactive T cells. Importantly, we showed that chronically activated, tumour-reactive T cells exposed to fibroblast-derived TGF-β may act as TLS organisers by producing the B cell chemoattractant CXCL13. Identification of highly similar subsets of clonally expandedCXCL13+tumour-infiltrating T cells across multiple cancer types further indicated a conserved link between tumour-antigen recognition and the allocation of B cells within sheltered hubs in the tumour microenvironment. Finally, we showed that the expression of a gene signature reflecting mature TLSs was enriched in pretreatment biopsies from PDAC patients with longer survival after receiving different chemoimmunotherapy regimens.ConclusionWe provided a framework for understanding the biological role of PDAC-associated TLSs and revealed their potential to guide the selection of patients for future immunotherapy trials.
Mental health service use among Canadian veterans within the first 5 years following service: methodological considerations for comparisons with the general population
Authors: St.Cyr Kate , Kurdyak Paul , Smith Peter M , Mahar Alyson L 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionPrevious research comparing veteran and civilian mental health (MH) outcomes often assumes stable rates of MH service use over time and relies on standardisation or restriction to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics. We aimed to explore the stability of MH service use in the first 5 years following release from the Canadian Armed Forces and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and to demonstrate the impact of using increasingly stringent matching criteria on effect estimates when comparing veterans with civilians, using incident outpatient MH encounters as an example.MethodsWe used administrative healthcare data from veterans and civilians residing in Ontario, Canada to create three hard-matched civilian cohorts: (1) age and sex; (2) age, sex and region of residence; and (3) age, sex, region of residence and median neighbourhood income quintile, while excluding civilians with a history of long-term care or rehabilitation stay or receipt of disability/income support payments. Extended Cox models were used to estimate time-dependent HRs.ResultsAcross all cohorts, time-dependent analyses suggested that veterans had a significantly higher hazard of an outpatient MH encounter within the first 3 years of follow-up than civilians, but differences were attenuated in years 4–5. More stringent matching decreased baseline differences in unmatched variables and shifted the effect estimates, while sex-stratified analyses revealed stronger effects among women compared with men.ConclusionsThis methods-focused study demonstrates the implications of several study design decisions that should be considered when conducting comparative veteran and civilian health research.
Stellate ganglion block catheter for paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity: calming the ‘neuro-storm’
Authors: Lee Man-Cheung , Bartuska Andrew , Chen Jeffrey , Kim Richard K , Jaradeh Safwan , Mihm Fred 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundParoxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is an autonomic disorder affecting patients with severe acquired brain injury characterized by intermittent sympathetic discharges with limited therapeutic options. We hypothesized that the PSH pathophysiology could be interrupted via stellate ganglion blockade (SGB).Case presentationA patient with PSH after midbrain hemorrhage followed by hydrocephalus obtained near-complete resolution of sympathetic events for 140 days after SGB.ConclusionSGB is a promising therapy for PSH, overcoming the limitations of systemic medications and may serve to recalibrate aberrant autonomic states.