bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Handheld snapshot multi-spectral camera at tens-of-megapixel resolution
Authors: Zhang Weihang , Suo Jinli , Dong Kaiming , Li Lianglong , Yuan Xin , Pei Chengquan , Dai Qionghai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMulti-spectral imaging is a fundamental tool characterizing the constituent energy of scene radiation. However, current multi-spectral video cameras cannot scale up beyond megapixel resolution due to optical constraints and the complexity of the reconstruction algorithms. To circumvent the above issues, we propose a tens-of-megapixel handheld multi-spectral videography approach (THETA), with a proof-of-concept camera achieving 65-megapixel videography of 12 wavebands within visible light range. The high performance is brought by multiple designs: We propose an imaging scheme to fabricate a thin mask for encoding spatio-spectral data using a conventional film camera. Afterwards, a fiber optic plate is introduced for building a compact prototype supporting pixel-wise encoding with a large space-bandwidth product. Finally, a deep-network-based algorithm is adopted for large-scale multi-spectral data decoding, with the coding pattern specially designed to facilitate efficient coarse-to-fine model training. Experimentally, we demonstrate THETA’s advantageous and wide applications in outdoor imaging of large macroscopic scenes.
Evidence of leaky protection following COVID-19 vaccination and SARS-CoV-2 infection in an incarcerated population
Authors: Lind Margaret L. , Dorion Murilo , Houde Amy J. , Lansing Mary , Lapidus Sarah , Thomas Russell , Yildirim Inci , Omer Saad B. , Schulz Wade L. , Andrews Jason R. , Hitchings Matt D. T. , Kennedy Byron S. , Richeson Robert P. , Cummings Derek A. T. , Ko Albert I. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWhether SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccines confer exposure-dependent (“leaky”) protection against infection remains unknown. We examined the effect of prior infection, vaccination, and hybrid immunity on infection risk among residents of Connecticut correctional facilities during periods of predominant Omicron and Delta transmission. Residents with cell, cellblock, and no documented exposure to SARS-CoV-2 infected residents were matched by facility and date. During the Omicron period, prior infection, vaccination, and hybrid immunity reduced the infection risk of residents without a documented exposure (HR: 0.36 [0.25–0.54]; 0.57 [0.42–0.78]; 0.24 [0.15–0.39]; respectively) and with cellblock exposures (0.61 [0.49–0.75]; 0.69 [0.58–0.83]; 0.41 [0.31–0.55]; respectively) but not with cell exposures (0.89 [0.58–1.35]; 0.96 [0.64–1.46]; 0.80 [0.46–1.39]; respectively). Associations were similar during the Delta period and when analyses were restricted to tested residents. Although associations may not have been thoroughly adjusted due to dataset limitations, the findings suggest that prior infection and vaccination may be leaky, highlighting the potential benefits of pairing vaccination with non-pharmaceutical interventions in crowded settings.
Impact damage reduction of woven composites subject to pulse current
Authors: Li Yan , Wang Fusheng , Huang Chenguang , Ren Jianting , Wang Donghong , Kong Jie , Liu Tao , Long Laohu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract3D orthogonal woven composites are receiving increasing attention with the ever-growing market of composites. A current challenge for these materials’ development is how to improve their damage tolerance in orthogonal and layer-to-layer structures under extreme loads. In this paper, a damage reduction strategy is proposed by combining structural and electromagnetic properties. An integrated experimental platform is designed combining a power system, a drop-testing machine, and data acquisition devices to investigate the effects of pulse current and impact force on woven composites. Experimental results demonstrate that pulse current can effectively reduce delamination damage and residual deformation. A multi-field coupled damage model is developed to analyze the evolutions of temperature, current and damage. Parallel current-carrying carbon fibers that cause yarns to be transversely compressed enhance the mechanical properties. Moreover, the microcrack formation and extrusion deformation in yarns cause the redistribution of local current among carbon fibers, and its interaction with the self-field produces an obvious anti-impact effect. The obtained results reveal the mechanism of damage reduction and provide a potential approach for improving damage tolerance of these composites.
Phosphate starvation response precedes abscisic acid response under progressive mild drought in plants
Authors: Nagatoshi Yukari , Ikazaki Kenta , Kobayashi Yasufumi , Mizuno Nobuyuki , Sugita Ryohei , Takebayashi Yumiko , Kojima Mikiko , Sakakibara Hitoshi , Kobayashi Natsuko I. , Tanoi Keitaro , Fujii Kenichiro , Baba Junya , Ogiso-Tanaka Eri , Ishimoto Masao , Yasui Yasuo , Oya Tetsuji , Fujita Yasunari 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDrought severely damages crop production, even under conditions so mild that the leaves show no signs of wilting. However, it is unclear how field-grown plants respond to mild drought. Here, we show through six years of field trials that ridges are a useful experimental tool to mimic mild drought stress in the field. Mild drought reduces inorganic phosphate levels in the leaves to activate the phosphate starvation response (PSR) in soybean plants in the field. Using Arabidopsis thaliana and its mutant plants grown in pots under controlled environments, we demonstrate that PSR occurs before abscisic acid response under progressive mild drought and that PSR plays a crucial role in plant growth under mild drought. Our observations in the field and laboratory using model crop and experimental plants provide insight into the molecular response to mild drought in field-grown plants and the relationship between nutrition and drought stress response.
Epigenetic and molecular coordination between HDAC2 and SMAD3-SKI regulates essential brain tumour stem cell characteristics
Authors: Bahia Ravinder K. , Hao Xiaoguang , Hassam Rozina , Cseh Orsolya , Bozek Danielle A. , Luchman H. Artee , Weiss Samuel 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHistone deacetylases are important epigenetic regulators that have been reported to play essential roles in cancer stem cell functions and are promising therapeutic targets in many cancers including glioblastoma. However, the functionally relevant roles of specific histone deacetylases, in the maintenance of key self-renewal and growth characteristics of brain tumour stem cell (BTSC) sub-populations of glioblastoma, remain to be fully resolved. Here, using pharmacological inhibition and genetic loss and gain of function approaches, we identify HDAC2 as the most relevant histone deacetylase for re-organization of chromatin accessibility resulting in maintenance of BTSC growth and self-renewal properties. Furthermore, its specific interaction with the transforming growth factor-β pathway related proteins, SMAD3 and SKI, is crucial for the maintenance of tumorigenic potential in BTSCs in vitro and in orthotopic xenograft models. Inhibition of HDAC2 activity and disruption of the coordinated mechanisms regulated by the HDAC2-SMAD3-SKI axis are thus promising therapeutic approaches for targeting BTSCs.
DECIMER.ai: an open platform for automated optical chemical structure identification, segmentation and recognition in scientific publications
Authors: Rajan Kohulan , Brinkhaus Henning Otto , Agea M. Isabel , Zielesny Achim , Steinbeck Christoph 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe number of publications describing chemical structures has increased steadily over the last decades. However, the majority of published chemical information is currently not available in machine-readable form in public databases. It remains a challenge to automate the process of information extraction in a way that requires less manual intervention - especially the mining of chemical structure depictions. As an open-source platform that leverages recent advancements in deep learning, computer vision, and natural language processing,DECIMER.ai(Deep lEarning for Chemical IMagE Recognition) strives to automatically segment, classify, and translate chemical structure depictions from the printed literature. The segmentation and classification tools are the only openly available packages of their kind, and the optical chemical structure recognition (OCSR) core application yields outstanding performance on all benchmark datasets. The source code, the trained models and the datasets developed in this work have been published under permissive licences. An instance of theDECIMERweb application is available athttps://decimer.ai.
SCFRMF mediates degradation of the meiosis-specific recombinase DMC1
Authors: Xu Wanyue , Yu Yue , Jing Juli , Wu Zhen , Zhang Xumin , You Chenjiang , Ma Hong , Copenhaver Gregory P. , He Yan , Wang Yingxiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMeiotic recombination requires the specific RecA homolog DMC1 recombinase to stabilize strand exchange intermediates in most eukaryotes. Normal DMC1 levels are crucial for its function, yet the regulatory mechanisms of DMC1 stability are unknown in any organism. Here, we show that the degradation of Arabidopsis DMC1 by the 26S proteasome depends on F-box proteins RMF1/2-mediated ubiquitination. Furthermore, RMF1/2 interact with the Skp1 ortholog ASK1 to form the ubiquitin ligase complex SCFRMF1/2. Genetic analyses demonstrate that RMF1/2, ASK1 and DMC1 act in the same pathway downstream of SPO11-1 dependent meiotic DNA double strand break formation and that the proper removal of DMC1 is crucial for meiotic crossover formation. Moreover, six DMC1 lysine residues were identified as important for its ubiquitination but not its interaction with RMF1/2. Our results reveal mechanistic insights into how the stability of a key meiotic recombinase that is broadly conserved in eukaryotes is regulated.
Enantioselective organocatalytic synthesis of axially chiral aldehyde-containing styrenes via SNAr reaction-guided dynamic kinetic resolution
Authors: Guo Fengyuan , Fang Siqiang , He Jiajia , Su Zhishan , Wang Tianli 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe precise and efficient construction of axially chiral scaffolds, particularly toward the aryl-alkene atropoisomers with impeccably full enantiocontrol and highly structural diversity, remains greatly challenging. Herein, we disclose an organocatalytic asymmetric nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reaction of aldehyde-substituted styrenes involving a dynamic kinetic resolution process via a hemiacetal intermediate, offering a novel and facile way to significant axial styrene scaffolds. Upon treatment of the aldehyde-containing styrenes bearing (o-hydroxyl)aryl unit with commonly available fluoroarenes in the presence of chiral peptide-phosphonium salts, the SNAr reaction via an exquisite bridged biaryl lactol intermediate undergoes smoothly to furnish a series of axially chiral aldehyde-containing styrenes decorated with various functionalities and bioactive fragments in high stereoselectivities (up to >99% ee) and complete E/Z selectivities. These resulting structural motifs are important building blocks for the preparation of diverse functionalized axial styrenes, which have great potential as efficient and privileged chiral ligands/catalysts in asymmetric synthesis.
Sphagnum increases soil’s sequestration capacity of mineral-associated organic carbon via activating metal oxides
Authors: Zhao Yunpeng , Liu Chengzhu , Li Xingqi , Ma Lixiao , Zhai Guoqing , Feng Xiaojuan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSphagnum wetlands are global hotspots for carbon storage, conventionally attributed to the accumulation of decay-resistant litter. However, the buildup of mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) with relatively slow turnover has rarely been examined therein. Here, employing both large-scale comparisons across major terrestrial ecosystems and soil survey along Sphagnum gradients in distinct wetlands, we show that Sphagnum fosters a notable accumulation of metal-bound organic carbon (OC) via activating iron and aluminum (hydr)oxides in the soil. The unique phenolic and acidic metabolites of Sphagnum further strengthen metal-organic associations, leading to the dominance of metal-bound OC in soil MAOC. Importantly, in contrast with limited MAOC sequestration potentials elsewhere, MAOC increases linearly with soil OC accrual without signs of saturation in Sphagnum wetlands. These findings collectively demonstrate that Sphagnum acts as an efficient ‘rust engineer’ that largely boosts the rusty carbon sink in wetlands, potentially increasing long-term soil carbon sequestration.
Metabolic glycan labeling immobilizes dendritic cell membrane and enhances antitumor efficacy of dendritic cell vaccine
Authors: Han Joonsu , Bhatta Rimsha , Liu Yusheng , Bo Yang , Elosegui-Artola Alberto , Wang Hua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDendritic cell (DC) vaccine was among the first FDA-approved cancer immunotherapies, but has been limited by the modest cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response and therapeutic efficacy. Here we report a facile metabolic labeling approach that enables targeted modulation of adoptively transferred DCs for developing enhanced DC vaccines. We show that metabolic glycan labeling can reduce the membrane mobility of DCs, which activates DCs and improves the antigen presentation and subsequent T cell priming property of DCs. Metabolic glycan labeling itself can enhance the antitumor efficacy of DC vaccines. In addition, the cell-surface chemical tags (e.g., azido groups) introduced via metabolic glycan labeling also enable in vivo conjugation of cytokines onto adoptively transferred DCs, which further enhances CTL response and antitumor efficacy. Our DC labeling and targeting technology provides a strategy to improve the therapeutic efficacy of DC vaccines, with minimal interference upon the clinical manufacturing process.
Adverse kidney outcomes of CDK 4/6 inhibitors for metastatic breast cancer
Authors: Hanna Paul E. , Strohbehn Ian A. , Moreno Daiana , Harden Destiny , Seethapathy Rituvanthikaa , Sawtell Rani , Wang Qiyu , Ouyang Tianqi , Katz-Agranov Nurit , Dinulos James , Wander Seth A. , Gupta Shruti , Sise Meghan E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 4/6 inhibitors have significantly improved overall and progression free survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer, but their effect on short and long-term kidney function is unknown. We found that early, mild estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline was common in patients treated with CDK 4/6 inhibitors; however, severe kidney injury is rare and long-term eGFR decline is uncommon.
Probing octupolar hidden order via Janus impurities
Authors: Voleti Sreekar , Pradhan Koushik , Bhattacharjee Subhro , Saha-Dasgupta Tanusri , Paramekanti Arun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractQuantum materials with non-Kramers doublets are a fascinating venue to realize multipolar hidden orders. Impurity probes which break point group symmetries, such as implanted muons or substitutional impurities, split the non-Kramers degeneracy and exhibit a Janus-faced influence in such systems: they can destroy the very order they seek to probe. Here, we explore this duality in cubic osmate double perovskites which are candidates for exoticd-orbital octupolar order competing with quadrupolar states. Using ab initio computations, Landau theory, and Monte Carlo simulations, we show that Janus impurities induce local strain fields, nucleating quadrupolar puddles and suppressing the octupolarTc. At the same time, strains mix the non-Kramers doublet with an excited magnetic triplet, creating parasitic dipole moments which directly expose the hidden octupolar order parameter. Our work unravels this Janus duality in recent impurity nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments, with important implications for uncovering hidden order in diverse multipolar materials.
JT002, a small molecule inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome for the treatment of autoinflammatory disorders
Authors: Ambrus-Aikelin Geza , Takeda Katsuyuki , Joetham Anthony , Lazic Milos , Povero Davide , Santini Angelina M. , Pranadinata Rama , Johnson Casey D. , McGeough Matthew D. , Beasley Federico C. , Stansfield Ryan , McBride Christopher , Trzoss Lynnie , Hoffman Hal M. , Feldstein Ariel E. , Stafford Jeffrey A. , Veal James M. , Bain Gretchen , Gelfand Erwin W. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe NLRP3 inflammasome is an intracellular, multiprotein complex that promotes the auto-catalytic activation of caspase-1 and the subsequent maturation and secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and IL-18. Persistent activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome has been implicated in the pathophysiology of a number of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including neuroinflammation, cardiovascular disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, lupus nephritis and severe asthma. Here we describe the preclinical profile of JT002, a novel small molecule inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome. JT002 potently reduced NLRP3-dependent proinflammatory cytokine production across a number of cellular assays and prevented pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of cell death triggered by active caspase-1. JT002 demonstrated in vivo target engagement at therapeutically relevant concentrations when orally dosed in mice and prevented body weight loss and improved inflammatory and fibrotic endpoints in a model of Muckle–Wells syndrome (MWS). In two distinct models of neutrophilic airway inflammation, JT002 treatment significantly reduced airway hyperresponsiveness and airway neutrophilia. These results provide a rationale for the therapeutic targeting of the NLRP3 inflammasome in severe asthma and point to the use of JT002 in a variety of inflammatory disorders.
Effects of progressive body-weight versus barbell back squat training on strength, hypertrophy and body fat among sedentary young women
Authors: Wei Wei , Zhu JingX , Ren Shuang , Jan Yih-Kuen , Zhang WuL , Su Ronghai , He Li 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe objective of this study was to compare the effects of progressive bodyweight training and barbell back squat on muscle strength, muscluar hypertrophy, and body fat percentage in sedentary young women. Thirteen sedentary young women (aged 19.77 ± 0.83 years, height 164.91 ± 6.01) were randomly assigned to either the progressive bodyweight group (n = 6, consisting of 10 levels of movements progressing from bilateral to unilateral) or the barbell squat group (n = 7, 60–80% 1RM). Both groups underwent two training sessions per week for 6 weeks. Measurements of muscle strength (isokinetic knee extensor and flexor muscle peak torque of each leg), muscle thickness (gluteus maximus, rectus femoris, and gastrocnemius muscles), and body fat percentage were taken at baseline and post-testing. Both groups showed a significant increase in isometric peak torque of the knee extensor and flexor (p < 0.05), but there were no significant between-group differences in isometric peak torque of the knee extensor and flexor (p > 0.05) or in the mean concentric peak torque of the knee H/Q ratio (p > 0.05). Both groups also showed significant increases in muscle thickness (p < 0.05), with no significant differences in Gastrocnemius, Rectus femoris and Gluteus maximus (p > 0.05). The percentage of body fat significantly decreased in the barbell group (pre: 28.66 ± 4.58% vs post: 24.96 ± 5.91%, p = 0.044), but not in the bodyweight group (pre: 24.18 ± 4.63% vs post: 24.02 ± 4.48%, p = 0.679). Our findings indicate that while both training methods increased maximum strength and muscle mass, barbell back squat training may be more effective in reducing body fat percentage.
Rapid determination of levels of the main constituents in e-liquids by near infrared spectroscopy
Authors: Hoffmann Anaïs R. F. , Jeffery Jana , Dallin Paul , Andrews John , Brokl Michał 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUse of e-cigarettes is increasing, alongside an expanding variety of devices and e-liquids. To match this growth and in line with the expanding legal and regulatory requirements applicable to manufacturers of e-cigarettes (e.g. disclosure of list of ingredients and quantities thereof in a product), rapid methods for determining levels of the main e-liquid constituents—namely, propylene glycol (PG), vegetable glycerol (VG), water and nicotine—are needed. We have assessed the ability of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, coupled with partial least squares (PLS) regression, to predict the levels of these constituents in e-liquid formulations. Using NIR spectral data from a large set of reference e-liquids incorporating working concentration ranges, flavourings, and other ingredients, linear calibration models were established for PG, VG, water and nicotine (predicted vs theoretical values, all R2 > 0.995). The performance of these models was then evaluated on commercial e-liquids using NIR and compared to results obtained by gas chromatography (GC). A strong correlation was observed between NIR-predicted values and measured values for PG, VG and nicotine (all R2 > 0.955). There was less consistency between predicted and GC measured values for water due to the relatively high limit of quantification (LOQ) of the GC method (2.6% w/w) versus the e-liquid content (0–18% w/w). The LOQ of the NIR method for water was 0.6% w/w, suggesting that NIR may be a more accurate method than GC to predict water concentration in e-liquids, especially at low levels (< 2.6% w/w). Collectively, although limitations of the technique have been identified, specifically for e-liquids containing compounds that might interfere with the set calibrations, our findings suggest that NIR combined with PLS regression is a suitable tool for rapid, simultaneous and high-throughput measurement of PG, VG, water and nicotine levels in most commercial e-liquids.
Time-dependent inhibition of Rac1 in the VTA enhances long-term aversive memory: implications in active forgetting mechanisms
Authors: Dalto Juliana F. , Medina Jorge H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe fate of memories depends mainly on two opposing forces: the mechanisms required for the storage and maintenance of memory and the mechanisms underlying forgetting, being the latter much less understood. Here, we show the effect of inhibiting the small Rho GTPase Rac1 on the fate of inhibitory avoidance memory in male rats. The immediate post-training micro-infusion of the specific Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766 (150 ng/0.5 µl/ side) into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) enhanced long-term memory at 1, 7, and 14 days after a single training. Additionally, an opposed effect occurred when the inhibitor was infused at 12 h after training while no effect was observed immediately after testing animals at 1 day. Control experiments ruled out the possibility that post-training memory enhancement was due to facilitation of memory formation since no effect was found when animals were tested at 1 h after acquisition and no memory enhancement was observed after the formation of a weak memory. Immediate post-training micro-infusion of Rac1 inhibitor into the dorsal hippocampus, or the amygdala did not affect memory. Our findings support the idea of a Rac1-dependent time-specific active forgetting mechanism in the VTA controlling the strength of a long-term aversive memory.