bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genetic variability and recombination of the NSP2 gene of PRRSV-2 strains in China from 1996 to 2021
Authors: Zhang Hang , Zheng Ya-jie , Luo Qing , Sha Hui-yang , Zhang Gui-hong , Huang Liang-zong , Zhao Mengmeng 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is among the most potent infectious diseases that detrimentally affect the pig industry worldwide. The disease, which is typically difficult to control, is an immunosuppressive disease caused by the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). The genome of which (notably the NSP2 gene) undergoes rapid mutation. In this study, we sought to determine the genetic variation in the PRRSV-2 NSP2 gene in China from 1996 to 2021. Strain information was obtained from the GenBank database and analyzed from a molecular epidemiological perspective. We compared the nucleotide and amino acid homologies of the NSP2 sequences of different PRRSV-2 lineages, and examined phylogenetic relationships based on an analysis of the NSP2 sequences of 122 strains. The results revealed that NADC-30-like strains, which are represented by lineage 1, and HP-PRRSV strains, which are represented by lineage 8, were the most prevalent in China from 1996 to 2021. Close similarities were detected in the genetic evolution of lineages 3, 5, and 8. For nucleotide and amino acid sequence comparisons, we selected representative strains from each lineage, and for the NSP2 among different PRRSV-2 strains, we accordingly detected homologies of 72.5–99.8% and 63.9–99.4% at the nucleotide and amino acid levels, respectively, thereby indicating certain differences in the degrees of NSP2 amino acid and nucleotide variation. Based on amino acid sequence comparisons, we identified deletions, insertions, and substitutions at multiple sites among the NSP2 sequences of PRRSV-2 strains. Recombination analysis revealed the occurrence of five recombinant events among the 135 selected PRRSV-2 strains, and that there is a high probability of recombination of lineage 1 strains. The findings of this study enabled us to gain an in-depth understanding of the prevalence of PRRSV in China over the past 25 years, and will contribute to providing a theoretical basis for prevention and control of the spread of PRRSV.
Effects of Superficial Temporal Artery to Middle Cerebral Artery Bypass on Postoperative Infarction Rates Among Young Children (≤5 years old) with Moyamoya Disease
Authors: Takasu Syuntaro , Kanamori Fumiaki , Hatano Norikazu , Seki Yukio , Saito Ryuta 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction

Revascularization surgery for young children with moyamoya disease (MMD) is challenging. Although indirect revascularization is preferred because of the technical difficulty in direct anastomosis, higher risks of postoperative infarction remain a problem. We aimed to investigate the effect of superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery (STA-MCA) bypass on postoperative outcomes during the acute postoperative period in young children ≤ 5 years old with MMD.

Methods

This retrospective study included consecutive young children with MMD who underwent surgical revascularization of the anterior cerebral circulation. Groups were determined according to the procedures performed, namely, the combined (STA-MCA bypass with indirect revascularization) and the indirect revascularization groups. The incidences of radiological or symptomatic infarction, transient neurological events, and new neurological deficits that remained at discharge were compared between groups.

Results

Of 39 surgical procedures, there were 23 combined and 16 indirect revascularizations. The median age of the patients was 3.0 years, which was significantly different between groups (P < .01). When comparing the postoperative outcomes between groups, the incidences of radiological and symptomatic infarction and new neurological deficits that remained at discharge were significantly lower in the combined revascularization group (P < .05). Logistic regression analysis found that surgical modality was a statistically significant independent risk factor associated with radiological and symptomatic infarctions (indirect/combined; odds ratio: 7.97; 95% confidence interval: 1.11–57.2; P < .05).

Conclusion

STA-MCA bypass combined with indirect revascularization can reduce the incidence of postoperative infarction in young children with MMD and might lead to better neurological outcomes.
Global existence and blow-up for multi-species chemotaxis model in a two-dimensional bounded domain
Authors: Lin Ke , Zhong Hua 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This paper deals with the global solvability and finite-time blow-up for both parabolic-elliptic and parabolic-parabolic multi-species chemotaxis models in a two-dimensional bounded domain. In the absence of conflicts, the solution to the initial boundary value problem exists globally for any large initial data if the self-repelling effects are strong enough. However, a critical mass phenomenon nearly exists when all pairs attract mutually. More precisely, the globally bounded solution appears in the sub-critical mass condition, while the finite-time blow-up occurs in the super-critical mass condition. The proof of global well-posedness to the solution relies on the logarithmic Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality for system and the Moser-Trudinger inequality for system on the bounded domain.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 35A01, 35B44, 35K20, 35K55, 92C17.
Deep Semantic Matching Approach To-wards Dynamic Text Filtering in Micro-Blog Messages.
Authors: Biggers Frederick Brown , Mohanty Somya , Manda Prashanti 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
There is a growing interest in using social media content for Natural Language Processing applications. This paper seeks to demonstrate a way to present the changing semantics of Twitter within the context of a crisis event, specifically tweets during Hurricane Irma. Using an implementation of the Word2Vec method of Neural Network training mechanisms to create Word Embeddings, this paper will: discuss how the relative meaning of words changes as events unfold; present a mechanism for scoring tweets based upon dynamic, relative context relatedness; and show that similarity between words is not necessarily static.
Thermal Conductivity Prediction of Metal Matrix Particulate Composites: Theoretical Methodology and Application
Authors: Chen Zhen , Wang Fazhan , Yu Wenbo , Wang Yixuan 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
To make more accurate predictions of the effective thermal conductivity of the composites, a systematic method for predicting the effective thermal conductivity of metal matrix particle composites with arbitrarily shaped particles was proposed, and the geometry of random particles with controlled shape characteristics is reconstructed. In addition, the geometric vertices of the reconstructed particles are used to characterize the morphology of inclusions with complex profile in two-dimensional isotropic elasticity, and its explicit expression for the Eshelby tensor are explored. Moreover, the material mismatch between the particles and the matrix phase is simulate using a continuously distributed source field based on the Eshelby's equivalent inclusion method. The relationship between micro-structure and effective performance is established. Finally, the effective thermal conductivity of CuCr alloys was predicted using the ETC prediction model. Through the comparison of the numerical simulations, experiments, and calculations, the results show that the ETC model has reliable predictive capability.
Combined modality treatment of operable breast cancer using intraoperative radiotherapy
Authors: Alaichiev N. A. , Usynin E. A. , Kondakova I. V. , Sereda E. E. , Frolova I. G. , Doroshenko A. V. , Garbukov E. Yu. , Startseva Zh. A. 
Published: February 2023

Objective of the study: To review worldwide literature data on the efficacy of combined modality treatment including intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) in patients with operable breast cancer (BC). Material and Мethods. Of 110 publications (2000–2021) available from Scopus, Pubmed, Elibrary and other databases, using the key “breast cancer”, “local recurrence”, “intraoperative radiotherapy” and “radiation technique”, 45 were included in the literature review. Results. Radiotherapy is of paramount importance in the organpreserving treatment of breast cancer, as numerous randomised studies have shown that the use of postoperative radiotherapy dramatically reduces the number of locoregional recurrences. The use of IORT as an effective method of relapse prevention compared to standard postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy is an important trend in radiation oncology.Conclusion. The use of IORT in combination treatment modality for operable breast cancer should be differentiated and based on clinical and morphological prognostic factors. Different molecular subtypes of breast cancer are characterized by significant differences in pathogenesis and response to therapy. Further studies on the effectiveness of IORT are required to identify a group of patients with absolute indications for the use of IORT.
Predicting the site of distant metastases in breast cancer
Authors: Grigoryeva E. S. , Ivanyuk E. E. , Choinzonov E. L. , Cherdyntseva N. V. 
Published: February 2023

Background. Distant organ tumor dissemination is a major cause of breast cancer-related deaths. Breast cancer can metastasize to several organs, and the most frequent metastatic sites include the bones, lungs and liver. There is a question what factors can influence the direction of spread of tumor cells to a particular organ.Material and Methods. We summarized the data available in the world literature on methods for prediction of the localization of distant metastases in breast cancer patients.Results. We divided the factors associated with the localization of distant metastases into two main groups: clinicopathological parameters of breast cancer patients and molecular features of tumor microenvironment and tumor cells (primary tumor and circulating tumor cells) or its derivates – exosomes. From our point of view, the most powerful clinicopathological factor predicting the distant metastasis site is a molecular subtype of primary tumor. We can conclude that luminal (HR+/HER2-) tumors are often characterized by single metastases and bones are the most common metastatic site, while TNBC and HER2-enriched tumors often metastasize to multiple sites, most commonly brain and liver. However, several authors did not reveal these associations in their studies. It likely indicates the existence of other factors that significantly affect the organotropism of metastasis. Numerous studies demonstrate the association of different molecules expressed on tumor cells with organotropic metastasis. However, these data are very fragmentary and rather contradictory.Conclusion. The found associations are common to all participants of metastatic cascade, but remains unclear which factors are essential and crucial in determining the direction of metastasis.
Replantation of solitary kidney in a patient with giant primary retroperitoneal sarcoma
Authors: Rasulov R. I. , Muratov A. A. 
Published: February 2023

Background. Surgery for non-organ malignant retroperitoneal tumors poses a serious challenge. Long-term asymptomatic course of the disease leads to a delayed diagnosis, when tumors can reach massive size with potential involvement of adjacent organs and critical structures. In most cases, nephrectomy is often required during resection of retroperitoneal sarcomas. Recently, there has been growing interest in nephronsaving surgery for large retroperitoneal tumors.Description of the clinical case. A 70-year-old patient was admitted to Irkutsk Regional Cancer Center with right-sided giant primary retroperitoneal tumor and grade 1 hydronephrosis of solitary right kidney. The patient underwent extended resection of primary retroperitoneal tumor with right-sided hemicolectomy and nephradrenalectomy. Extracorporeal resection of the solitary kidney was then performed. After obtaining negative kidney smears (imprints), the kidney was replanted in the pool of right iliac vessels. No complications were observed in the postoperative period. Histopathology examination revealed was welldifferentiated liposarcoma. On follow-up examination 38 months after surgery, there were no signs of local tumor recurrence, and renal function was satisfactory.Conclusion. Extracorporeal resection of the kidney with heterotopic replantation is an effective nephron-saving method in surgery for primary retroperitoneal sarcomas. The patient’s solitary kidney with primary retroperitoneal sarcoma is an absolute indication for kidney’s saving, including the use of transplant technologies.
Combined modality treatment of patients with stage IV gastric cancer with peritoneal carcinomatosis
Authors: Markovich V. A. , Tuzikov S. A. , Rodionov E. O. , Popova N. O. , Tsyganov M. M. , Miller S. V. , Podolko D. V. , Tsydenova I. A. , Ibragimova M. K. , Litviakov N. V. 
Published: February 2023

Peritoneal carcinomatosis is associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients. Stage IV gastric cancer (GC) is diagnosed in 39.8 % of patients; local metastases without evidence of distant metastases occur only in 18–20 % of stage IV gastric cancer patients.The purpose of the study was to estimate the efficacy of personalized chemotherapy in the combined modality treatment of patients with stage IV GC with peritoneal carcinomatosis.Material and Methods. Cytoreductive surgery was performed in 70 patients with GC with peritoneal dissemination. The control group patients (n=35) received postoperative chemotherapy with the FOLFOX regimen. The study group patients (n=35) received personalized systemic and intraperitoneal chemotherapy based on the expression of chemosensitivity and resistance genes.Results. The median survival time (18.7 months) in the study group patients was higher than that in the control group and in studies described in the world literature (CRS + HIPEC). Personalized chemotherapy improved median progressionfree survival (PFS) by 4.6 months (29.1 %) and median overall survival (OS) by 6 months (32 %) compared to FOLFOX regimen chemotherapy. In the study group, the 1-, 2and 3-year survival rates were observed in 35 (100 %), 9 (27 %) and 1 (3 %) patients, respectively.Conclusion. Personalized chemotherapy in the combined modality treatment can improve long-term treatment outcomes (longer median PFS and OS) in GC patients with peritoneal dissemination.
Assessment of the effectiveness of surgical resections following tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy in patients with EGFR-mutated stage III–IV lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Levchenko E. V. , Moiseenko F. V. , Orlov S. V. , Imyanitov E. N. , Mikhnin A. E. , Gelfond M. L. , Slugin E. N. , Ergnyan S. M. , Levchenko N. E. , Zhabina A. S. , Ulitin A. M. , Mamontov O. Yu. , Lopushanskaya O. O. , Artemeva E. V. , Murtazin A. I. , Shabinskaya V. I. 
Published: February 2023

Objective. To assess the overall and disease-free survival rates in patients with EGFR-mutated lung adenocarcinoma, who underwent surgery after achieving the objective response to tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) therapy.Material and Methods. The overall and disease-free survival rates were analyzed in 18 patients with EGFR-positive lung adenocarcinoma, which was inoperable at presentation due to locally advanced disease or the evidence of distant metastasis. In accordance with the clinical standards, patients were recommended for TKI therapy. Surgical resection was performed after achieving the objective tumor response to TKI therapy. The control group included 23 patients with EGFR mutation-positive lung adenocarcinoma, who did not undergo surgery after receiving TKI therapy.Results. The study revealed a statistically significant effect of surgical resection on the overall survival (OS) in patients with EGFR mutation-positive stage III–IV lung adenocarcinoma after response to TKI therapy (p=0.004). However, there was no statistically significant effect on the disease-free survival (DFS) (p=0.40). There was a tendency to increase in the median OS in patients of the study group (46 months) compared to that in patients of the control group (26 months). Surgery in the study group was characterized with some technical difficulties associated with severe fibrosis. However, this did not affect the duration of surgery and the volume of blood loss.Conclusion. Tumor resection in patients with EGFR mutation-positive stage III–IV lung adenocarcinoma is feasible and safe, but requires highly qualified team surgeons in well-equipped medical centers. Our study revealed that the combination of EGFR-TKI and tumor resection provided better PFS and OS than EGFR-TKI alone. However, further studies are required.
Программные возможности применения метода айтрекинга в исследованиях зрительного восприятия
Authors: Скуратова Ксения А. , Шелепин Евгений Ю. , Шелепин Константин Ю. 
Published: February 2023

Введение. Движения глаз объективно отражают перцептивные, когнитивные и эмоциональные процессы при зрительном восприятии. Исследования, направленные на анализ окуломоторной активности человека, требуют использования специального оборудования (инфракрасного видеоокулографа, или айтрекера), а также программного обеспечения для создания, проведения и анализа экспериментов. Методы. Качественный анализ результатов айтрекинг-исследований позволяет визуализировать порядок внимания (с помощью карт движения взгляда), а также долю внимания (с помощью тепловых карт) к элементам стимула. С помощью количественного анализа возможно статистически проверить гипотезы о распределении внимания, а также оценить когнитивную нагрузку как по всему стимулу, так и выделив отдельные области интереса (т. н. механизм областей интереса – Areas of Interest – позволяющий подсчитывать статистику в отдельных частях стимула). Количественные параметры используются для классификации ошибок и как прогностическая метрика распознавания целевого объекта. Количественные параметры фиксаций и саккад применяются для оценки профессионального опыта, а также диагностики нарушений психического развития и эмоциональных нарушений. Результаты и их обсуждение. Программное обеспечение с расширенными возможностями качественного и количественного анализа позволяет комплексно оценить как психические процессы человека, так и визуальные особенности предъявляемого стимула. Углубленный анализ метрик глазодвигательной активности в первую очередь актуален для исследований в области когнитивной психологии, но может быть полезен и в других научных и прикладных областях: психопатологии, педагогике, эргономике, медицине, нейромаркетинге. Показаны механизмы обработки «сырых данных» и алгоритмы детерминации типов движений глаз, выделения саккад и фиксаций на примере алгоритма IVT. Даны примеры исследований в прикладных областях. Новизна статьи заключается в том, что айтрекинг рассматривается как средство для изучения когнитивных процессов и анализа взгляда человека на пространственно-временно́й основе. Он представляет собой интеграцию качественного и количественного анализа с помощью специализированного программного обеспечения.
Laparoscopic Approach to a Patient with Omental Infarction: A Case Report
Authors: Tayade Shriya Devendra , Bose Vaishnavi , Ameer Ashna , Alfard Alali Maryam Essa , Abdulrahim Manal 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Omental infarction is an entity that seldom manifests with gastrointestinal symptoms and often presents a diagnostic challenge. Due to its nonspecific presentation, it is usually not included as a differential diagnosis of acute abdomen, especially in an emergency setting.

Case Presentation::
We present the case of a 38-year-old overweight female, seen in the emergency department, with a complaint of sudden onset of worsening epigastric abdominal pain for four days. The pain became more localized at the right iliac fossa two days before the admission. A physical examination revealed severe right iliac fossa tenderness and positive rebound tenderness.

:
A computed tomography of the abdomen was done and showed a localized area of mesenteric fat stranding in the right lumbar region reaching up
to the inferior border of the right lobe of the liver with adjacent peritoneal fold thickening, likely suggesting inflammatory etiology. However, the
appendix was visualized normally with a mild enhancement of the distal part suggesting secondary mild acute appendicitis.

:
A decision for diagnostic laparoscopy was made, where we found a 4x4 cm infarcted greater omental segment, which was excised and sent for
histopathology.

Conclusion::
Idiopathic omental infarction is a rare cause of acute abdomen in adults and needs to be considered as a potential differential diagnosis, especially
if the clinical finding does not correspond with common conditions, like acute appendicitis.
An Update on Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase I-A Brief Review
Authors: Negi Preeya , Lakshmanan Kaviarasan , Patel Praveen Kumar , Rajagopal Kalirajan , Byran Gowramma 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) plays important roles in both DNA repair and
transcription, and the interplay of these processes in relation to cellular function and disease states has
not been well defined. The tumor-suppressor effects of PARP inhibitors have attracted significant interest
in the development of novel cancer therapies. As PARP1 binding motifs may be readily found
in promoter elements of DNA repair genes, the expanding role of PARP1 in DNA repair does not
have to be independent of transcription. The discovery of ADP-ribose binding modules that bind to
various forms of mono- and poly-ADP-ribose has provided important insights into how ADPribosylation
regulates different cellular pathways. Among the four distinct PAR-binding modules discovered
so far, it is the macrodomain alone that, in addition to possessing binding activity, in some
instances, also supports a catalytic activity toward ADP-ribose derivatives. However, the development
of PARP inhibitors as chemopotentiating agents has been limited by an increase in observed toxicity,
mainly myelosuppression, necessitating dose reduction of the cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agent and
the PARP inhibitor. Hence, it presents an opportunity to rationally develop combinations of PARP
inhibitors with new classes of DNA repair inhibitors that are on the horizon and classical cytotoxic
agents. Clinical trials of PARP inhibitors are investigating various uses of these approaches in cancer.
Recent studies on the clinical significance of PARP1 inhibitors are discussed in this review. These
recent research advances will inform the selection of patient populations who can benefit from the
PARP inhibitor treatment and the development of effective drug combination strategies.