bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The use of a mini‐ridge filter with cyclotron‐based pencil beam scanning proton therapy
Authors: O'Grady Fionnbarr , Janson Martin , Rao Avani D. , Chawla Ashish K. , Stephenson Lisa , Fan Jiajin , Wang Peng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundPencil beam scanning (PBS) proton therapy allows for far superior dose conformality compared with passive scattering techniques. However, one drawback of PBS is that the beam delivery time can be long, particularly when treating superficial disease. Minimizing beam delivery time is important for patient comfort and precision of treatment delivery. Mini‐ridge filters (MRF) have been shown to reduce beam delivery time for synchrotron‐based PBS. Given that cyclotron systems are widely used in proton therapy it is necessary to investigate the potential clinical benefit of mini‐ridge filters in such systems.PurposeTo demonstrate the clinical benefit of using a MRF to reduce beam delivery time for patients with large target volumes and superficial disease in cyclotron‐based PBS proton therapy.MethodsA MRF beam model was generated by simulating the effect of a MRF on our clinical beam data assuming a fixed snout position relative to the isocenter. The beam model was validated with a series of measurements. The model was used to optimize treatment plans in a water phantom and on six patient DICOM datasets to further study the effect of the MRF and for comparison with physician‐approved clinical treatment plans. Beam delivery time was measured for six plans with and without the MRF to demonstrate the reduction achievable. Plans with and without MRF were reviewed to confirm clinical acceptability by a radiation oncologist. Patient‐specific QA measurements were carried out with a two‐dimensional ionization chamber array detector for one representative patient's plan optimized with the MRF beam model.ResultsResults show good agreement between the simulated beam model and measurements with mean and maximum deviations of 0.06 mm (0.45%) and 0.61 mm (4.9%). The increase in Bragg peak width (FWHM) ranged from 2.7 mm at 226 MeV to 6.1 mm at 70 MeV. The mean and maximum reduction in beam delivery time observed per field was 29.1 s (32.2%) and 79.7 s (55.3%).ConclusionMRFs can be used to reduce treatment time in cyclotron‐based PBS proton therapy without sacrificing plan quality. This is particularly beneficial for patients with large targets and superficial disease such as in breast cancer where treatment times are generally long, as well as patients treated with deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH).
Influence of Synthesis Parameters on the Magnetic, Thermal, and Morphological Properties of Poly(Glycidyl Methacrylate‐co‐Divinylbenzene)/Magnetite
Authors: Queiroz Carla Nascimento , Cunha Henrique Almeida , Silva Manoel Ribeiro da , de Oliveira Márcia Gomes , Castanharo Jacira Aparecida , Ferreira Ivana Lourenço de Mello , Costa Marcos Antonio da Silva 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this work, polymeric microspheres based on glycidyl methacrylate and divinylbenzene with magnetic properties are synthesized by the suspension polymerization technique. To obtain magnetic properties, magnetite particles modified by oleic acid are synthesized in the laboratory. The effects of stirring speed, concentration of magnetite added, and concentration of stabilizer on the particles’ properties are studied. The magnetic microspheres are characterized according their morphology, magnetite incorporation, and magnetic and thermal properties. The incorporation of iron particles is mainly affected by stirring speed during synthesis and the amount of added magnetic material. The saturation magnetization of the microspheres is affected by the content of incorporated magnetic material. The modification with oleic acid is important for incorporation of the magnetic material in the copolymer matrix. Polymeric particles with superparamagnetic behavior are obtained with spherical morphology and saturation magnetization of 7.11 (emu g−1) when employing a monomer molar ratio of 50/50, 1% poly(vinyl alcohol), 20% magnetite particles modified by oleic acid, and stirring speed of 500 rpm.
Validation of an Extended Kinetic Model of Free‐RadicalN‐Vinylpyrrolidone Polymerization
Authors: Welzel Stefan , Burmeister Jule , Höppchen Oliver , Nieken Ulrich 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTo predict the polymer properties produced by free‐radical polymerization ofN‐vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) in aqueous solution a detailed kinetic model has been developed. The kinetic model allows to calculate the chain length distribution, the number of branching points, and the number of terminal double bonds (TDB). The latter is accounted for since TDBs are a precondition for branching. While monomer conversion can be predicted sufficiently using independently determined rate constants for propagation and termination, here the predictions of structural properties by a newly developed extended kinetic model to experimental findings are compared. Polymer produced in a continuous stirred tank reactor is analyzed by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), field flow fractionation (FFF), and high‐pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Combining clinical practice and education in critical care nursing—A trainee program for registered nurses
Authors: Wallander Karlsen Marte‐Marie , Sørensen Anne Lene , Finsand Camilla , Sjøberg Mons , Lieungh Martin , Stafseth Siv Karlsson 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThe aim of this study was to describe the experiences of a master's‐level critical care nursing program for trainees in postoperative and intensive care units.DesignAn exploratory design with a multidimensional approach was chosen.MethodsThe study was conducted from 2018 to 2019 at a university hospital in southern Norway in collaboration with a university college of nursing. Data were collected through seven focus group interviews with trainees, preceptors, heads of departments, clinical nurse educators and professors (n = 26). The thematic analysis progressed from description to a deeper understanding, searching for manifest and latent patterns across the data. The COREQ checklist was used for reporting the study.ResultsThe analysis resulted in one overarching theme: ‘To walk the critical care nursing pathway – balancing competency, time, and challenges to become proficient’. The subthemes were ‘expectations, obligations, and workload in unknown environments’, ‘constantly assessing while being assessed’, ‘continuous precepting and challenges’, ‘vulnerability and commitment’ and ‘thriving in the role, mastering new skills’. The study provides valuable insights into a complex learning environment and the importance of caring aspects for trainees during their critical care nursing education.ConclusionPrecepting, continuous competence assessment and clear learning outcomes are necessary to create a safe environment for the trainees during their development.Implications for the professionThe results advocate investing in inexperienced trainees' competency development to become proficient, creating a safe learning environment in a highly complex setting. This may also, as previous studies suggest, increase staff retention.
Effect of a mutual goal‐based continuous care program on self‐management behaviour and health outcomes in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention: A randomized controlled trial
Authors: Zhu Xuejiao , Yang Yiting , Cao Meijuan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsTo evaluate the effects of mutual goal‐based continuous care program on the outcomes of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).DesignA single‐blinded randomized controlled trial.Methods87 patients with CHD after PCI in Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, were randomly divided into study (n = 42) and control (n = 45) groups. The control group received 12‐week cardiac rehabilitation and routine care. The study group received routine care and cardiac rehabilitation and the 12‐week intervention program developed according to the goal attainment theory, including the mutual goal‐based face‐to‐face guidance, and every‐2‐week telephone follow‐ups. The self‐management behaviour, quality of life, unscheduled readmission rate, and satisfaction of patients were examined.ResultsFor the patients subjected to the developed continuous nursing program based on mutual goals, achievement rates of all dimension mutual goals were at high levels (from 80.21% to 98.41%), except for the weight control (60.94%). Moreover, according to the comparable base data, compared with the control group, the self‐management behaviour (study group 93.43 vs. control group 76.00), quality of life (QoL), and patients' satisfaction (study group 4.64 vs. control group 4.11) were higher, while the unscheduled readmission rate (study group 4.76% vs. control group 22.22%) was lower, in the study group, with statistically significant differences.
Nurses' healing presence: A panacea for the comfort of acute coronary syndrome patients in CCU, A qualitative study
Authors: Hojjatoleslami Simin , Sadeghi Amir , Negarandeh Reza , Soltanian Ali Reza , Borzou Seyed Reza 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThe study aimed to explain the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients' perception of the nurse's healing presence in their comfort in the critical care unit.DesignThis descriptive qualitative study was conducted from December 2020 to September 2021.MethodsTwenty‐seven ACS patients were purposively selected from a cardiovascular university Hospital, Iran. Data were collected through semi‐structured interviews (45–60 min). Data analysis was performed based on the contractual content analysis method of Graneheim and Lundman.ResultsIn the data analysis, the main theme ‘nurses' healing presence’ includes two categories: ‘Nurse–patient communication’ with two subcategories and the category ‘Compassionate care’ with three subcategories.
Reduced‐order extrapolation technique for coefficient vectors of numerical solutions about fluid mechanics equation
Authors: Luo Zhendong , Liu Xiangdong , Zeng Yihui , Li Yuejie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractFor convenience, this study mainly focuses on the reduced order of coefficient vectors for the classical finite spectral element Crank–Nicolson (CFSECN) solutions about the two‐dimensional (2D) nonstationary Stokes problem, resulting that the reduced order model can possess the same basis functions together with same precision as the CFSECN one. To this end, the CFSECN format of the 2D nonstationary Stokes problem about vorticity function and stream function and, the existence and stability as well as error estimations for the CFSECN solutions are first proposed. Afterwards, a reduced order extrapolation finite spectral element Crank–Nicolson (ROEFSECN) model is created by means of proper orthogonal decomposition method, and the existence together with stability as well as errors of the ROEFSECN solutions is analyzed by the matrix tool, resulting that the theory analysis turns into very simple. Finally, two numerical examples are provided to confirm the correctness for the theory consequences. Therefore, the study is absolutely distinguished from the existed ones.
Effect of Preoperative Weight Status and Disease Presentation on Postoperative Elevated Blood Pressure After Childhood Adenotonsillectomy
Authors: Hsieh Hui‐Shan , Chuang Hai‐Hua , Hsin Li‐Jen , Lin Wan‐Ni , Kang Chung‐Jan , Zhuo Ming‐Ying , Chuang Li‐Pang , Huang Yu‐Shu , Li Hsueh‐Yu , Fang Tuan‐Jen , Lee Li‐Ang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the risk factors of postoperative elevated blood pressure (BP) in children with childhood obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) after adenotonsillectomy (AT).Study DesignCase series with planned data collection.SettingTertiary referral center.MethodsTwo hundred forty‐five consecutive children (180 boys and 65 girls, median age 6.6 years) with polysomnography‐diagnosed OSAS who underwent AT between January 2010 and August 2019. Clinical, polysomnographic, and evening BP data were assessed preoperatively and postoperatively (≥3 months after AT). Changes in the variables before and after AT and between individuals with and without hypertension were compared.ResultsPostoperatively, the median (interquartile range) apnea‐hypopnea index significantly decreased from 10.4 (5.3‐22.6) to 2.2 (1.0‐3.8) events/h. In addition, the mean (standard deviation) evening diastolic BP z‐score significantly decreased from 0.7 (0.94) to 0.5 (0.81) in the overall cohort, and both systolic (2.1 [0.94]‐1.0 [1.31]) and diastolic BP z‐scores (1.6 [0.98]‐0.7 [0.85]) significantly decreased in the preoperative elevated BP subgroup. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that preoperative obesity (adjusted odds ratio = 4.36, 95% confidence interval = 2.24‐8.49) and mean peripheral oxygen saturation <95% during sleep (adjusted odds ratio = 2.73, 95% confidence interval = 1.29‐5.79) were independently associated with postoperative elevated BP.ConclusionPreoperative obesity and mean peripheral oxygen saturation <95% during sleep were significantly associated with postoperative elevated BP in the children with OSAS, further indicating the importance of careful BP monitoring in this subgroup despite AT treatment.
Abnormal Subjective and Audiometric Auditory Function in Migraine
Authors: Wang Allan R. , Steenerson Kristen K. , Alyono Jennifer C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo identify if migraine is associated with auditory deficits and if the auditory profile of migraine is distinct from other pain syndromes, such as chronic pain.Study DesignCross‐sectional, retrospective.SettingA total of 5273 respondents of the 1999 to 2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.MethodsRegression analyses assessed the association between migraine (n = 1245) and chronic pain (n = 430) status with subjectively endorsed hearing loss, tinnitus, pure‐tone average (PTA) at 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz, and subjective‐audiometric hearing mismatch (endorsed hearing loss but with a PTA ≤ 25 dB), correcting for confounding factors.ResultsMigraine was associated with increased tinnitus (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.77, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.47‐2.13, p < .001) and subjective hearing loss (aOR = 1.58, 95% CI: 1.29‐1.94, p < .001). Migraine was associated with higher PTA (β = .89, p = .023). Migraine decreased the PTA threshold at which individuals endorsed subjective hearing loss (β = −1.94, p = .013) and was associated with a more subjective‐audiometric hearing mismatch (aOR = 1.50, 95% CI: 1.18‐1.89, p < .001). Chronic pain was not associated with tinnitus (aOR = 1.26, 95% CI: 0.97‐1.63, p = 0.079), subjective hearing loss (aOR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.71‐1.23, p = .64), changes in PTA (β = −.22, p = .69), altered PTA threshold for endorsing hearing loss (β = 1.40, p = .19), or subjective‐audiometric hearing mismatch (aOR = 0.98, 95% CI: 0.70‐1.34, p = .88).ConclusionMigraine is associated with both worse pure‐tone audiometry and higher sensitivity to changes in hearing ability, suggesting both peripheral and central auditory function abnormalities. In contrast, patients with chronic pain did not demonstrate these abnormalities. The etiology of abnormal auditory processing in migraine may be different from that of other pain syndromes.
Association Between Hearing Loss and Multiple Negative Emotional States in the US Hispanic Population
Authors: Grewal Maeher , Golub Justin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveHearing loss (HL) has been linked to commonly studied detrimental mood states, such as loneliness and depression. However, its relationship with other negative emotions remained largely unstudied. We explore the association between HL and anxiety, anger, hostility, poor self‐esteem, and pessimism in a national cohort of US Hispanic adults.Study DesignCross‐sectional study.SettingMulticentered US national epidemiologic study (Hispanic Community Health Study).MethodsSubjects were ages 18 to 75 with completed audiometric and emotional survey data. Multivariable regressions controlling for age, gender, and education were conducted to analyze the association between HL, measured by 4‐frequency pure‐tone average (PTA), and emotional states. States included anxiety (Spielberger Trait Anxiety Scale‐10), anger (Spielberger Trait Anger Scale), hostility (Cook Medley Cynicism Scale‐13), poor self‐esteem (Self‐Esteem Scale‐10), and pessimism (Revised Life Orientation Test).ResultsA total of 4120 to 4341 participants met inclusion criteria, depending on the specific survey; the average age was 46.7 years (standard deviation [SD] = 13.7), and the average PTA was 13.8 dB (SD = 10.1). Controlling for age, gender, and education, HL was associated with all outcomes. Specifically, for every 10 dB worsening in HL, the anxiety score worsened by 0.41 (0.23‐0.60), the anger score worsened by 0.40 (0.22‐0.58), the hostility score worsened by 0.16 (0.04‐0.27), the self‐esteem score worsened by 0.25 (0.12‐0.38), and the pessimism score worsened by 0.17 (0.04‐0.30) (all p < .01).ConclusionHL is related to numerous negative mood states beyond loneliness and depression. This includes worse anxiety, anger, hostility, self‐esteem, and pessimism. Future studies should investigate whether treating HL improves negative emotional states.
Upper Airway Stimulation Therapy Effect on Blood Pressure
Authors: McKinlay Alex J. , Walters Benjamin K. , Aden James K. , Scalzitti Nicholas J. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveUpper airway stimulation (UAS) therapy has become increasingly utilized to treat obstructive sleep apnea, which is an independent risk factor for the development of hypertension. This study examines the impact of this therapy on blood pressure (BP).Study DesignRetrospective cross‐sectional cohort study.SettingTertiary center, Military Health System.MethodsPatients who underwent UAS implantation at Brooke Army Medical Center between July 2015 and July 2020 were included if they used their device for at least 25 h/wk. Pre‐ and postoperative systolic BP, diastolic blood pressure (DBP), calculated mean arterial pressure (MAP), and the apnea‐hypopnea index (AHI) were compared using paired t test or Wilcoxon's signed‐rank test.ResultsThirty patients met the inclusion criteria. The median age was 60, and the median body mass index was 29.9 kg/m2. The mean time between pre‐ and postoperative BP measurements was 11.6 months. AHI decreased from 35.1 to 16.5 events/h (p < .001). DBP decreased from 78.5 (73.8, 85.0) to 74.5 mm Hg (68.8, 81.3), with a mean difference of −3.7 mm Hg (p = .002). MAP decreased from 94.8 (89.6, 100.6) to 90.2 mm Hg (84.3, 100.0), with a mean difference of −3.7 mm Hg (p = .004).ConclusionUAS therapy was associated with a significant reduction in DBP, MAP, and AHI. These reductions in BP could potentially lead to favorable decreases in cardiovascular morbidity.
Candidate Angiogenesis‐Related Biomarkers in Patients with Laryngeal Carcinoma (AngLaC): A Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Pamuk A. Erim , Gedik M. Emre , Sutay Suslu Nilda , Gunaydin Gurcan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveAngiogenesis is indeed a vital process in the progression of carcinomas, including that of larynx. Therefore, this study (AngLaC) aimed to identify candidate angiogenesis‐related biomarkers in laryngeal carcinoma patients.Study DesignProspective controlled cohort study.SettingTertiary referral center.MethodsIn silico analyses of angiogenesis‐related genes in laryngeal carcinoma were performed to determine candidate biomarkers. Serum levels of candidate biomarkers were determined via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay in laryngeal carcinoma patients as well as in an age and gender‐matched control group. The associations of the biomarkers with clinical parameters were investigated.ResultsThe study included 60 laryngeal carcinoma patients and 20 healthy controls. The serum levels of osteopontin, IGFBP‐3, VEGF, sVEGFR‐1, and VEGFR‐2 were significantly higher in the patient group (p < .001, p ≤ .001, p < .001, p < .01, p < .01, respectively). High osteopontin and sVEGFR‐1 levels were associated with locoregional‐recurrence (p = .024, p = .016, respectively). IGFBP‐3 had the highest diagnostic sensitivity (81.4%) and specificity (80%) among the molecules that were investigated (p < .001). High sVEGFR‐1 and low VEGFR‐2 levels were associated with poor overall‐survival (p = .037, p = .027, respectively). High osteopontin and sVEGFR‐1 levels were associated with poor disease‐specific survival rates (p = .035, p = .018, respectively).ConclusionHigh serum levels of sVEGFR‐1 and osteopontin as well as low serum levels of VEGFR‐2 proved to be poor prognostic in terms of survival in laryngeal carcinoma. VEGF, sVEGFR1, VEGFR2, IGFBP‐3, and osteopontin levels were found to be significantly increased in larynx cancer patients compared to the normal population. Further studies on osteopontin and sVEGFR‐1 are required in order to determine their associations with recurrence.
Postoperative Radiotherapy and Facial Nerve Outcomes Following Nerve Repair: A Systematic Review
Authors: Kenny Hannah L. , Jonas Rachel H. , Oyer Samuel L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo compare outcomes of facial nerve repair or grafting following facial nerve‐sacrificing procedures among patients treated with and without postoperative radiotherapy (RT).Data SourcesPubMed, OVID, Conference Papers Index, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov.Review MethodsDatabases were searched using terms including “facial nerve,” “graft,” “repair,” and “radiotherapy.” Abstracts mentioning facial nerve repair and evaluation of facial nerve function were included for full‐text review. Studies that utilized the House‐Brackmann or similar validated scale for evaluation of postoperative facial nerve function were selected for review. All identified studies were included in a pooled t test analysis.ResultsTwelve studies with 142 patients were included in the systematic review. All 12 studies individually demonstrated no significant difference in facial nerve outcomes between patients who received postoperative radiation and patients who did not. A pooled t test of data from all studies also demonstrated no significant difference in postoperative facial nerve function between the postoperative RT and non‐RT groups (t stat = 0.92, p = .36).ConclusionThis analysis, including 12 studies, demonstrated that among patients undergoing facial nerve grafting or repair, there was no significant difference in postoperative facial nerve function between postoperative RT and non‐RT patients. Due to the small sample size and variability in study methods, further studies directly comparing outcomes between patients with and without postoperative RT would be beneficial.