bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of Flap-based Posterior Trunk Reconstruction after Vertebrectomy and Radiation Therapy: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Amendola Francesco , Ghiringhelli Gaia , Mela Alessandro , Miranda Sergio , Dolfato Elisa , Bulgarelli Eleonora , Diomedi Michele , Bonomi Stefano , Vaienti Luca , Luzzati Alessandro 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Adjuvant radiation therapy following vertebrectomy is a major risk factor for local wound complications such as dehiscence, infection, and skin necrosis. In selected cases, well-vascularized coverage and modification of tension forces on the wound might reduce the risk of postoperative complications and reoperations. We aimed to demonstrate a reduction in general and specific complications in patients undergoing vertebral resection and flap coverage compared with vertebral resection alone.

Methods:
We retrospectively analyzed and collected data from patients diagnosed with a tumor involving the spine and requiring a total or partial posterior vertebrectomy between January 2012 and October 2022, referred to a single tertiary-level orthopedic and trauma center. We included only patients in whom primary closure of the wound was possible but judged to be under excessive tension.

Results:
A total of 145 patients underwent partial or total vertebrectomy for oncological reasons at our tertiary-level trauma hospital. Among these, 73 patients were eventually included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria: 53 in the orthopedic group and 20 in the orthoplastic group. Considering only patients undergoing radiation therapy, the orthoplastic group showed significantly lower rates of overall complications (33% versus 69%) than the orthopedic group.

Conclusions:
Primary flap coverage, especially in patients receiving RT, reduces the risk of postoperative complications and avoids a second reconstructive operation, consequently reducing patient discomfort, length of hospital stay, and healthcare costs.
Opioid-free Pain Management after Cleft Lip Repair
Authors: Do Annie , Rorison Eve , Borucki Amber , Shibata Gail S. , Pomerantz Jason H. , Hoffman William Y. 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Side effects of opioid pain management after surgical repair of cleft lips are numerous and affect postoperative course. We compared opioid versus opioid-free pain management regimens for infants who underwent cleft lip repair to evaluate the impact on postoperative recovery.

Methods:
Cleft lip repairs at our institution from December 2016 to February 2021 were retrospectively reviewed, comparing patients who received opioids to patients receiving a nonopioid pain control regimen. Data collected include length of stay, oral morphine equivalents (OME) received on day of surgery (DOS)/postoperative day (POD) 1, time to and volume of first oral feed, and Face/Legs/Activity/Cry/Consolability (FLACC) scores.

Results:
Seventy-three infants were included (47 opioid and 26 nonopioid). The opioid group received average 1.75 mg OME on DOS and 1.04 mg OME on POD1. Average DOS FLACC scores were similar between groups [1.57 ± 1.18 nonopioid versus 1.76 ± 0.94 (SD) opioid; P = 0.46]. Average POD1 FLACC scores were significantly lower for the nonopioid group (0.73 ± 1.05 versus 1.35 ± 1.06; P = 0.022). Median time to first PO (min) was similar [178 (interquartile range [IQR] 66–411) opioid versus 147 (IQR 93–351) nonopioid; P = 0.65]. Median volume of first feed (mL) was twice as high for the nonopioid group [90 (IQR 58–120) versus 45 (IQR 30–60); P = 0.003].

Conclusions:
Nonopioid postoperative pain management was more effective than opioids for pain management in infants after cleft lip repair, as evidenced by FLACC scores and increased volume of the first oral feed.
Reduction in Seroma and Other Complications with a Novel Internal Negative Pressure System in Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Paul Robert 
Published: September 2023

Background:
Seroma, along with other complications, occurs as a result of poor wound healing following breast reconstructive surgery. The Interi System was developed to address the need for more effective approaches to close internal dead space and evacuate postsurgical fluid. Interi is an internal negative pressure delivery system with a unique branching manifold for broad coverage of internal tissue planes. Initial experience in a small cohort undergoing prepectoral breast reconstruction showed a clinical and statistically significant reduction in seroma and any complication versus standard drains. The purpose of this study is to report on the safety and effectiveness of Interi, compared with standard drains, in a larger patient population followed up over a longer period than our initial study.

Methods:
Data on demographics, mastectomy and reconstructive variables, postoperative complications, and manifold/drain duration were retrieved from patient records and compared between the two groups.

Results:
Interi was used in 100 patients (170 breasts) and standard drains in 100 patients (166 breasts). Groups were well matched in demographic, reconstructive, and mastectomy variables. Interi was removed significantly earlier than drains (16.5 versus 19.6 days; P < 0.0001) and was associated with a significantly lower incidence of seroma (4.1% versus 22.9%, P < 0.00001), flap revision (10.6% versus 21.7%, P = 0.006), and any complication (23.5% versus 44.0%, P = 0.0001).

Conclusions:
Interi effectively reduced dead space and evacuated fluid from internal tissue planes, thereby decreasing seroma and other complications after prepectoral breast reconstruction. As a viable alternative to standard drains, it could significantly improve patient outcomes.
MRI measurements of brain hippocampus volume in relation to mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Rao Gaofeng , Gao Hui , Wang Xiaoyang , Zhang Jinchao , Ye Miaoqing , Rao Liyuan 
Published: September 2023

Background:
This is the first meta-analysis conducted to compare the hippocampal volume measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in healthy normal subjects, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer disease (AD), and to analyze the relationship between hippocampal volume changes and MCI and AD.

Methods:
English literatures published from January 2004 to December 2006 were extracted from PubMed, Embase, Wanfang Medical, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. Statistical analysis was carried out with Stata/SE 16.0 software.

Results:
The smaller the volume of the hippocampus measured by MRI, the more severe the cognitive impairment or AD. Different MRI post-measurement correction methods have different measurement results: Left hippocampal volume measured by MRI Raw volume method is negatively correlated with MCI and AD (OR [odds ratio] = 0.58, 95%CI [confidence interval]: 0.42, 0.75) right hippocampal volume measured was not associated with MCI OR AD (OR = 0.87, 95%CI: 0.56, 1.18); left hippocampal volume measured by MRI total intracranial volume (TIV) Correction was not associated with MCI and AD (OR = 0.90, 95%CI: 0.62, 1.19), measured right hippocampal volume was not associated with MCI OR AD (OR = 0.81, 95%CI: 0.49, 1.12); left hippocampal volume measured by MRI TIV Correction was not associated with MCI and AD (OR = 0.90, 95%CI: 0.62, 1.19), measured right hippocampus volume was negatively associated with MCI and AD (OR = 0.49, 95%CI: 0.35, 0.62).

Conclusion:
The shrinkage of hippocampus volume is closely related to MCI and AD. MRI measurement of hippocampus volume is not only an auxiliary diagnostic tool for MCI and AD, but also a good prognosis assessment tool.
Ketogenic Diets in Children With Intractable Epilepsy and its Effects on Gastrointestinal Function, Gut Microbiome, Inflammation, and Quality of Life
Authors: Menzies Jessica , Sundararaj Alamelu , Cardamone Michael , McHarg Alexandra , Leach Steven , Krishnan Usha 
Published: September 2023

Objectives:
The ketogenic diet (KD) is a treatment for children with intractable epilepsy (IE), can cause gastrointestinal symptoms, and have an adverse effect on growth, nutrition and quality of life (QOL). This study investigated the extent of these side effects by comparing children with IE on KDs to their counterparts on normal diets.

Methods:
Patients with IE were categorized into patients with KD or control groups. Gastrointestinal side effects and QOL were assessed using the PedsQL Gastrointestinal Symptoms Module. Cross sectional growth, gut microbiome compositions, and inflammation levels were also analyzed.

Results:
Fourteen patients on the KD and 13 control patients were enrolled. Patients had been on KD for a median duration of 15 months (interquartile range: 9.8–60 months). The patients on the KD reported a trend to lower total gastrointestinal symptoms scores (more symptoms) compared to control patients, at 71.1 and 84.9, respectively (P = 0.06, not significant). Patients on the KD had significantly lower QOL scores compared to control patients (P = 0.01). Patients on the KD were found to have consistently lower median height/length, weight, and body mass index z scores compared to the controls although these were not statistically significant. Patients on the KD had a lower microbial diversity, Both groups had a normal level of S100A12, a marker of gut inflammation.

Conclusions:
Patients on the KD reported a trend to more gastrointestinal symptoms and more QOL concerns compared to controls. Although microbial differences were noted in patients on the KD, this did not result in detectable gut inflammation.
Serial 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT After Treatment of Immunoglobulin G4-Related Pancreatitis and Retroperitoneal Fibrosis
Authors: Cho Eunae , Park Chang Hwan , Kim Jahae , Kim Kangbin , Kim Sung Sun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)–related disease is a fibroinflammatory condition involving diverse organs. We report a case of IgG4-related pancreatitis and retroperitoneal fibrosis with serial 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT scans after treatment. A 64-year-old man presented with left flank and epigastric pain. Laboratory, abdominal CT, and 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT findings were suggestive of IgG4-related pancreatitis and retroperitoneal fibrosis. Histology of the pancreas confirmed IgG4-related pancreatitis. The follow-up PET/CT scans after treatment with steroid therapy showed regression of 68Ga-FAPI uptake in the pancreas and periureteral soft tissue. The changes on 68Ga-FAPI PET/CT scans were much more prominent compared with the CT scans.
Unexpected Axillary Lymph Node Uptake During Lower-Limb Lymphoscintigraphy in a Case With Vulvar Lymphangioma Circumscriptum
Authors: Soydas-Turan Basak , Tuncel Murat 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Lymphoscintigraphy is a safe, minimally invasive, and well-established imaging modality for evaluating lymphatic drainage in patients with suspected lymphedema. We report a case of an 8-year-old girl with lymphangioma circumscriptum of the labium majora. She was referred to lymphoscintigraphy for swelling of the lower extremities. Scintigraphy showed widespread dermal backflow at bilateral lower limbs, aberrant uptake in the abdominal lymph nodes, and unexpected uptake in the right axillary lymph nodes.
Striatal Hyperperfusion Observed in Dual-Phase 18F-FP-CIT PET Imaging of Hyperglycemic Chorea
Authors: Kim Yoon Seob , Park Don Gueu , Shin In Ja , An Young Sil , Yoon Jung Han 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A 76-year-old woman with a history of diabetes mellitus presented with right-side dominant generalized chorea. At presentation, her blood glucose level was 500 mg/dL with an HbA1C of 11%. Because the patient had been on levodopa treatment from her primary physician, a dual-phase 18F-FP-CIT PET scan was performed. The early-phase images showed increased perfusion in the bilateral striatum, and the delayed-phase images revealed decreased uptake in the left caudate. Hyperperfusion in the striatum may indicate the acute phase of hyperglycemic chorea. This image illustrates the advantage of adding early-phase scans in 18F-FP-CIT PET in differentiating various hyperkinetic and hypokinetic disorders.
Detailed Assessment of 18F-THK5351 Distribution Pattern in the Midbrain: Comparison With Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Corticobasal Syndrome
Authors: Ishibashi Kenji , Kurihara Masanori , Ihara Ryoko , Higashihara Mana , Iwata Atsushi , Ishii Kenji 
Published: September 2023

Background

18F-THK5351 PET is used to image ongoing astrogliosis by estimating monoamine oxidase B levels. 18F-THK5351 preferentially accumulates around the substantia nigra (SN) and periaqueductal gray (PG) in the midbrain under healthy conditions and exhibits a “trimodal pattern.” In progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS), the midbrain 18F-THK5351 uptake can be increased by astrogliosis, collapsing the “trimodal pattern.” We aimed to elucidate cases in which the “trimodal pattern” collapses in PSP and CBS.

Patients and Methods
Participants in the PSP (n = 11), CBS (n = 17), Alzheimer disease (n = 11), and healthy control (n = 8) groups underwent 18F-THK5351 PET. Volumes of interest (VOIs) were placed on the SN, PG, and their midpoints. The midbrain uptake ratio (MUR) was calculated to assess the trimodal pattern as follows: MUR = (VOI value on the midpoint)/(VOI value on the SN and PG). Approximately, the trimodal pattern can be identified at MUR <1 but not at MUR >1.

Results
Compared with the healthy control group, MUR significantly increased in the PSP (P < 0.01) and CBS (P < 0.01) groups, but was unchanged in the Alzheimer disease group (P = 0.10). In the PSP group, all patients, including 2 with mild symptoms and a short disease duration, showed MUR >1. In the CBS group, MUR varied widely.

Conclusions
In PSP, the trimodal pattern can collapse even in the early phase when symptoms are mild. In CBS, the trimodal pattern may or may not collapse depending on the underlying pathology.
Evaluation of Anastomosis Efficiency in Arteriovenous Shunts Created by Using Hand-Sewn Microsurgery and Microvascular Anastomotic Coupler Device
Authors: Ceran Fatih , Kuvat Samet V. , Ozel Asuman , Pilanci Ozgur , Kayalar Nihan , Bilgi Esra , Yalcin Senay 
Published: September 2023

Objective:
Microsurgery has made great contributions to the advancement of surgery. In parallel with the developments in microsurgery, various techniques have been developed to perfect the technique. Microvascular anastomotic coupler device (MACD) is one of these techniques. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of anastomoses created by using hand-sewn microsurgery (HSM) and MACD.

Methods:
Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250 to 300 g were divided into 2 groups randomly. Arteriovenous shunt was performed between carotid artery and internal jugular vein with the principles of HSM in the first group (n=10) and by using the 1-mm anastomotic microvascular device in the second group (n=10). Groups were evaluated for anastomose time, success of anastomosis, thrombosis formation, color Doppler ultrasonography, and histopathological features.

Results:
Anastomotic time was faster with the coupler device compared with HSM technique. Flow rates were found significantly higher in the MACD group. Endothelialization and wall integrity rates were better in MACD group.

Conclusions:
Microvascular anastomotic coupler device is faster than HSM. High quality and durability of vascularization, insignificant foreign body reactions are histopathological advantages of MACD.
Mortality and malformation effects of boric acid against larval stage ofAedes aegypti(Culicidae: Diptera)
Authors: Sharawi Somia Eissa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMosquitoes, the disquieting insect, can transmit pathogens more than any other insect, and they can cause fatal diseases to both humans and animals in their environment. With the increasing problem of pesticide resistance spreading in the field, substantial efforts are being made at the international level to develop environmental insecticides to reduce these mosquito populations or limit their potential to transmit disease. In this preliminary study, mortality and malformation effects of seven concentrations (700, 1000, 1200, 1500, 2000, 2500, and 3000 ppm) of boric acid were evaluated against the 4thlarval stage ofAedes aegyptiafter 24 h of exposure. Malformed and dead larvae were photographed under the microscope with a digital camera connected to a computer stereo-dissecting microscope. Our results showed that the lethal concentrations (LC50and LC90) were 1312.49 and 2578.26, respectively. Also, the results showed malformation effects against treated larvae with boric acid compared to the control group. These malformations manifested in albino pupa, Pigmentation, Larval-pupal intermediate, Black coloration at the posterior end, Opaque swelling on the thorax, Segment contraction, Deformed cuticles, black coloration at the posterior end, and nick elongation. Boric acid is less toxic than synthesized insecticides, and in low concentrations, it causes mortality and malformation effects against larval stages ofA. aegypti. Further, the use of boric acid as a safe method for controlling larval stages ofA. aegyptican be recommended as it is available, cost-effective, and less harmful to humans, animals, and the environment.
High Throughput Tomography (HiTT) on EMBL Beamline P14 on PETRA III
Authors: Albers Jonas , Nikolova Marina , Svetlove Angelika , Darif Nedal , Lawson Matthew J. , Schneider Thomas R. , Schwab Yannick , Bourenkov Gleb , Duke Elizabeth 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHere we present High-Throughput Tomography (HiTT), a fast and versatile phase-contrast imaging platform for life-science samples on the EMBL beamline P14 at DESY in Hamburg, Germany. We use a high photon flux undulator beamline to perform tomographic phase contrast acquisition in about two minutes which is linked to an automated data processing pipeline that delivers a 3D reconstructed data set less than a minute and a half after the completion of the X-ray scan. Combining this workflow with a sophisticated robotic sample changer enables the streamlined collection and reconstruction of X-ray imaging data from potentially hundreds of samples during a beamtime shift. HiTT permits optimal data collection for many different samples and makes possible the imaging of large sample cohorts thus allowing population studies to be attempted. We demonstrate the successful application of HiTT on various soft tissue samples in both liquid (hydrated and also dehydrated) and paraffin embedded preparations. Furthermore, we demonstrate the feasibility of HiTT to be used as a targeting tool for volume electron microscopy (vEM), as well as using HiTT to study plant morphology. We also show how the high throughput nature of the work has allowed large numbers of “identical” samples to be imaged to enable statistically relevant sample volumes to be studied.SynopsisWe present HiTT – high throughput tomography – a propagation based phase contrast X-ray imaging technique which can visualise 1 mm3biological samples of various types at high resolution. The 3D reconstructions of the imaged volumes are calculated automatically once data collection is complete. The entire process from pressing start on data collection to viewing the final data takes less than 3 minutes. This speed in combination with the use of the automated sample changer to exchange the samples truly enables high throughput X-ray imaging for the first time.
An emergent biosynthetic pathway to essential amino acids by metabolic metathesis
Authors: Rivollier Julie , Gosling Sandrine , Pezo Valérie , Heck Marie-Pierre , Marlière Philippe 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAn experimental approach to implanting foreign chemical reactions into living cells is to select for the catalytic production of a vital building-block such as an amino acid. Alkene metathesis is unknown in extant biochemistry, but is emerging as a new type of reaction to be catalyzed by protein enzymes. Here we show how the alkenic amino acid vinylglycine can be generated in a biocompatible reaction from 5-allyloxy-2-amino-pent-3-enoate (APE) by ring-closing metathesis catalyzed by a standard Hoveyda-Grubbs catalyst. The vinylglycine produced in situ is then used as a precursor of isoleucine and methionine, thus allowing the growth of strains of Escherichia coli requiring these essential amino acids. The robust nutritional screen we have developed paves the way for the directed evolution of genetically encoded metathesis enzymes and the chemical elaboration of metathesis coenzymes.
An economic evaluation of two cervical screening algorithms in Belgium: HR-HPV primary compared to HR-HPV and liquid-based cytology (LBC) co-testing
Authors: Dombrowski Caroline , Bourgain Claire , Ma Yixuan , Meiwald Anne , Pinsent Amy , Weynand Birgit , Turner Katy ME , Huntington Susie , Adams Elisabeth J , Bogers Johannes , Croes Romaric , Sahebali Shaira 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo assess the costs and benefits of two algorithms for cervical cancer screening in Belgium 1) high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) primary screening and 2) HR-HPV and liquid-based cytology (LBC) co-testing.MethodsA decision tree was adapted from published work and parameterised using HORIZON study data and Belgian cost and population data. The theoretical model represents two different screening algorithms for a cohort of 577,846 women aged 25 – 64 attending routine cervical screening. Scenario analyses were used to explore the impact of including vaccinated women and alternative pricing approaches. Uncertainty analyses were conducted.ResultsThe cost per woman screened was €113.50 for HR-HPV primary screening and €101.70 for co-testing, representing a total cost of €65,588,573 and €58,775,083 respectively for the cohort; a 10% difference. For one screening cycle, compared to HR-HPV primary, co-testing resulted in 13,173 more colposcopies, 67,731 more HR-HPV tests and 477,020 more LBC tests. Co-testing identified 2,351 more CIN2+ cases per year (27% more than HR-HPV primary) and 1,602 more CIN3+ cases (24% more than HR-HPV primary) than HR-HPV primary.ConclusionIn Belgium, a co-testing testing algorithm could increase cervical precancer detection rates compared to HR-HPV primary. Co-testing would cost less than HR-HPV primary if the cost of the HPV test and LBC were cost-neutral compared to the current cost of LBC screening but would cost more if the cost per HPV test and LBC were the same in both co-testing and HR-HPV primary strategies.