bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative performance of distinct frailty measures among patients undergoing percutaneous left atrial appendage closure
Authors: Wang Allen , Ferro Enrico G , Xu Jiaman , Song Yang , Sun Tianyu , Strom Jordan B , Kim Dae H , Yeh Robert W. , Ko Darae , Kramer Daniel B 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAimsFrailty is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing left atrial appendage closure (LAAC). This study aimed to compare the performance of two claims‐based frailty measures in predicting adverse outcomes following LAAC.MethodsWe identified patients 66 years and older who underwent LAAC between October 1, 2016, and December 31, 2019, in Medicare fee‐for‐service claims. Frailty was assessed using the previously validated Hospital Frailty Risk Score (HFRS) and Kim Claims‐based Frailty Index (CFI). Patients were identified as frail based on HFRS ≥5 and CFI ≥0.25.ResultsOf the 21,787 patients who underwent LAAC, frailty was identified in 45.6% by HFRS and 15.4% by CFI. There was modest agreement between the two frailty measures (kappa 0.25, Pearson's correlation 0.62). After adjusting for age, sex, and comorbidities, frailty was associated with higher risk of 30‐day mortality, 1‐year mortality, 30‐day readmission, long hospital stay, and reduced days at home (p < .01 for all) regardless of the frailty measure used. The addition of frailty to standard comorbidities significantly improved model performance to predict 1‐year mortality, long hospital stay, and reduced days at home (Delong p‐value < .001).ConclusionDespite significant variation in frailty detection and modest agreement between the two frailty measures, frailty status remained highly predictive of mortality, readmissions, long hospital stay, and reduced days at home among patients undergoing LAAC. Measuring frailty in clinical practice, regardless of the method used, may provide prognostic information useful for patients being considered for LAAC, and may inform shared decision‐making in this population.
Putting social into agricultural sustainability: Integrating assessments of quality of life and wellbeing into farm sustainability indicators
Authors: Brennan Mary , Hennessy Thia , Dillon Emma , Meredith David 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe measurement of societal wellbeing has moved beyond gross domestic product and has emerged as an important factor within the paradigm of holistic sustainability assessment, including agricultural sustainability. At this juncture, knowledge gaps exist between agricultural policy priorities and data infrastructure to evaluate social sustainability issues, particularly regarding farmer sustainability. This study aims to address this gap through the development of a Farmer Sustainability Index (FSI), a composite index comprising three dimensions: farm continuity, community and social connections and farmer comfort. Socio‐demographic data were extracted from both core and supplementary EU Farm Accountancy Data Network data from the 2018 Teagasc National Farm Survey in Ireland. Statistical analysis was undertaken to compare the distribution of FSI and the individual dimension scores for farms across three socio‐demographic variables: farm system, farmer age cohort and region. The FSI results demonstrate that cattle farmers, farmers over 60 years of age and those residing in regions with poorer infrastructure experience lower levels of sustainability in comparison to other farmers, while the variation in FSI dimension scores identifies numerous sustainability risks to farms with differing socio‐demographic constructs. It is important for agricultural policy to be cognisant of these differences and the relational nature of these risks, to meaningfully address matters pertaining to sustainability, and the FSI provides an effective tool to assist policy in this regard.
Metabolic depletion of sphingolipids inhibits agonist‐induced endocytosis of the serotonin1Areceptor
Authors: Kumar Abhishek , Sarkar Parijat , Chattopadhyay Amitabha 
Published: December 2022

AbstractG protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs) are vital cellular signaling machinery and currently represent ~40% drug targets. Endocytosis of GPCRs is an important process that allows stringent spatiotemporal control over receptor population on the cell surface. Although the role of proteins in GPCR endocytosis is well addressed, the contribution of membrane lipids in this process is rather unexplored. Sphingolipids are essential functional lipids in higher eukaryotes and are implicated in several neurological functions. To understand the role of sphingolipids in GPCR endocytosis, we subjected cells expressing human serotonin1Areceptors (an important neurotransmitter GPCR involved in cognitive and behavioral functions) to metabolic sphingolipid depletion using fumonisin B1, an inhibitor of sphingolipid biosynthetic pathway. Our results, using flow cytometric analysis and confocal microscopic imaging, show that sphingolipid depletion inhibits agonist‐induced endocytosis of the serotonin1Areceptor in a concentration‐dependent manner, which was restored when sphingolipid levels were replenished. We further show that there was no change in the internalization of transferrin, a marker for clathrin‐mediated endocytosis, under sphingolipid‐depleted condition, highlighting the specific requirement of sphingolipids for endocytosis of serotonin1Areceptors. Our results reveal the regulatory role of sphingolipids in GPCR endocytosis and highlight the importance of neurotransmitter receptor trafficking in health and disease.
“‘WE' AND ‘THEY'”: WHY MUST WE ENGAGE IN CROSS‐CULTURAL CONVERSATION?
Authors: Balslev Anindita N. 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThis article contains the principal ideas that I presented in four different sessions at the IRAS 2022 conference, on the theme “‘We' and ‘They’: Cross‐Cultural Conversation on Identity.” Focusing on the central topic, the article begins with (i) the contents of my opening lecture; followed by (ii) a broad outline of the concerns discussed in my book, Cross‐Cultural Conversation: A New Way of Learning, intertwined with glimpses of the intellectual journey that led me to CCC, delivered in the Book‐discussion session; (iii) a summary of the main ideas about the importance of meeting of religions today, which formed the background for the CCC Panel discussion on religion, where I was in conversation with spokespersons of five world religions; and (iv) my comments on how science–religion dialogue can help promote a sense for human solidarity by combining knowledge with wisdom, in the concluding session.
Experimental and Numerical Investigation of High Load Turbine Blade Tip Cavity Structures
Authors: Chen Yingjie , Jiang Dengyu , Du Zhengshuai , Wang Songtao 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Leakage flow loss is an important factor affecting the aerodynamic efficiency of turbines. In this paper, experimental and numerical computational studies were used to investigate three different tips of a highly loaded turbine rotor. The single-cavity tip formed by squealers was considered as the original structure. Based on this, two improved structures were developed, namely, cavity winglet tip (CWT) and double-cavity combined winglet tip (DCWT). Five-hole probe and oil flow visualization were used for experimental studies, and numerical calculations were used to analyze vortex system structure and loss development. It was found that the double-cavity combined winglet tip structure can effectively change the vortex structure inside the cavity and reduce the leakage flowrate. At the same time, the aerodynamic performance was optimized by 4%.
Implicit Integration Algorithm for Solving Evolution of Microstructural Vectors Based on Eulerian Formulation in Plane Stress Condition
Authors: Lee Eun-Ho 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a mathematical formulation and implicit numerical algorithm for solving the integral of a three-dimensional momentum balance based on the inelastic evolution of microstructural vectors for thin plates in Eulerian formulation. A recent theoretical discussion (Lee and Rubin, 2020, “Modeling Anisotropic Inelastic Effects in Sheet Metal Forming Using Microstructural Vectors—Part I: Theory,” Int. J. Plast., 134, p. 102783. 10.1016/j.ijplas.2020.102783) showed that Eulerian constitutive equation based on microstructural vectors for thin plates has the advantage of capturing the anisotropic behavior of the material axis with insensitivity to the randomness of the reference configuration. However, all the discussions were theoretically conducted only at a local material point in homogeneous deformation conditions, which do not require consideration of the momentum balance with flexible velocity gradients in a three-dimensional volume. For usability, numerical algorithms are needed to solve evolution of the microstructural vectors in the three-dimensional space. This paper presents the first numerical algorithm to solve the inelastic evolution of microstructural vectors in the Eulerian formulation. A generalized material coordinated system is matched to the microstructural vectors in a three-dimensional space by considering the Eulerian constitutive equations insensitive to the superposed rigid body motions (SRBM). Numerical algorithms were then introduced to implicitly solve the nonlinear momentum balance, evolution of the microstructural vectors, and tangent modulus. The formula and numerical algorithms were validated by predicting the tension tests when the principal loading angle varied from the reference axis. The results show that the proposed numerical algorithm can describe the evolution of the microstructure based on the Eulerian formulation.
Enhancement of the Carbon Content and Electrochemical Performance by Decorating Zinc Oxide Over Graphene Oxide/Polyaniline Composite
Authors: Arumugam Chandrasekaran , Kandasamy Senthil Kumar , Kumaravel Subramaniam Tamilselvan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
An optimized electrode is the main requirement for energy-based applications such as supercapacitors. In this work, a ternary composite made up of graphene oxide (GO), polyaniline (PANI), and zinc oxide (ZnO), as an electrode material for supercapacitors was discussed with its structural and electrochemical properties. To attain this: (i) modified Hummers’ method, (ii) in-situ polymerization method, and (iii) hydrothermal method were employed. Synergistic effects between these materials provided efficient electrode materials with porous structure and high specific capacitance. The electrochemical properties of the samples were analyzed by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge and discharge measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in a 6 M KOH electrolyte. The ternary composite exhibited the highest specific capacitance of 278 F g−1 at 1 A g−1.
Analysis of Dynamic System Risks Where Pipelines Cross Slow-Moving Landslides
Authors: Porter Michael , Van Hove Joel , Barlow Pete 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Pipelines are often constructed across dormant or normally slow-moving landslides. The potential for pipeline failure in response to landslide movement depends on several factors. These include the likelihoods of different landslide velocities being realized, the probabilities that movements physically impact the pipeline, the capacity of the pipeline to accommodate landslide displacements, and the ability of operators to detect and respond to deteriorating conditions. Each of these factors is difficult to predict but estimating the probabilities of landslide velocity transitions is particularly challenging.
In this paper we review a conceptual approach to predict landslide velocity and displacement using Markov chains that combine geomorphic evidence of long-term landslide behaviour with current estimates or measurements of landslide velocity. A framework is proposed to combine time-dependent estimates of landslide displacement and the deterioration of pipeline strain capacity to estimate the probability of pipeline failure over time and in response to potential changes in landslide velocity. The expected efficacy of monitoring programs and trigger action response plans is accounted for in the vulnerability model.
CNN-Based Flow Pattern Identification Based On Flow-Induced Vibration Characteristics For Multiphase Flow Pipelines
Authors: Chen Haobin , Dang Zhuoran , Hugo Ronald , Park Simon 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Structural health monitoring (SHM) techniques designed for single phase flow pipelines can be difficult to apply to multiphase flow pipelines. Data collected for pipeline SHM can be affected by intermittent changes in flow characteristics associated with flow patterns. Therefore, determining the flow pattern can help to better predict the unsteadiness of the flow parameters associated with pipeline integrity management. It is known that flow-induced vibration (FIV) in multiphase flow is highly correlated with flow pattern. In this paper, the characterization of FIV under various flow patterns is investigated experimentally, and a CNN-based flow pattern identification method is presented for horizontal gas-liquid pipe flow. Measurements were performed using two wall-mounted triaxial accelerometers with a high-speed camera, which simultaneously acquired both images and accelerometer signals. The difference of flow-induced vibration under various flow patterns can be explicitly shown by extracting morphological features using the Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) and Short Time Fourier Transform (STFT). In this paper, the HHT with 1st to 3rd IMFs is intended to emphasize the portion of FIV due to the unsteady fluctuations, while the STFT is intended to examine the FIV contributed to by both steady and unsteady fluctuations. To eliminate human interpretation errors, a convolutional neural network (CNN)-based machine learning model is built for the flow pattern identification task. To increase the size of the dataset used for flow pattern identification, the original time-series database is augmented by applying a series of data augmentation methods including sliding window, window stretch, denoising, and noise enhancement. These enable the flow pattern identification process to be more robust under various void fractions and flow geometries. The flow pattern identification results show that both HHT and STFT trained model have promising performance with overall accuracy above 97%. A comparison of identification results using HHT and STFT extracted morphological features from different accelerometer axes is performed. The results show that model trained by HHT images has a higher level of generalization.
Association of Physical Activity With Cognitive Function Among Older Adults in Rural Sichuan, China
Authors: Hu Julinling , Chen Yixun , Li Nanyan , Wang Yufei , Zha Yuliang , Zhou Junmin 
Published: December 2022

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between total physical activity and different dimensions of cognitive function (orientation, attention, and memory) among older adults in rural Sichuan, China. This cross-sectional study involved 715 older adults (average age of 72 years). Total PA was measured by the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly, and cognitive function was assessed by the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) questionnaire. The multivariate linear regression analysis indicated that total PA and household PA were significantly associated with the overall Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status score (β = 0.143, p < .001; β = 0.115, p = .002, respectively), the orientation dimension (β = 0.142, p < .001; β = 0.131, p = .001, respectively), and the memory dimension (β = 0.179, p < .001; β = 0.134, p = .001, respectively). The study showed a positive association between total PA, household PA, and cognitive function in older adults, especially in the orientation dimension and the memory dimension of cognitive function.
Role of supplemental regional blocks on postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction after major non-cardiac surgeries: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Singh Narinder P , Makkar Jeetinder Kaur , Borle Anuradha , Singh Preet Mohinder 
Published: December 2022

Background/importancePostoperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PNCD) is a frequent and preventable complication after surgery. The large high-quality evidence for the efficacy of supplemental regional analgesia blocks (RAB) for preventing PNCD is still elusive.ObjectiveThe objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of RAB versus standard anesthesia care on the incidence of PNCD in adult patients undergoing major non-cardiac surgery.Evidence reviewPubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and the Cochrane Central Registers of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from 2017 until June 2022. The primary outcome was the incidence of PNCD within 1 month of surgery. A random-effects model with an inverse variance method was used to pool results, and OR and mean differences were calculated for dichotomous and continuous outcomes. Various exploratory subgroup analyses were performed to explore the possibility of the association between the various patient, technique, and surgery-related factors. Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation guidelines were used to determine the certainty of evidence.FindingsTwenty-six RCTs comprizing 4414 patients were included. The RAB group was associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of PNCD with an OR of 0.46 (95% CI 0.35 to 0.59; p<0.00001; I2=28%) compared with the control group (moderate certainty). Subgroup analysis exhibited that the prophylactic efficacy of RAB persisted for both delirium and delayed neurocognitive recovery.ConclusionsCurrent evidence suggests that supplemental RAB are beneficial in preventing PNCD in patients after major non-cardiac surgery.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42022338820
Realizing the perfect sound absorption and broadening effective band using porous material and micro-perforated plate
Authors: Cheng Baozhu , Guo Xinyu , Gao Nansha , Hou Hong 
Published: December 2022

The noise attenuation ability of a single material or structure, especially for low-frequency noise, is limited by its thickness. Aiming to achieve high-efficiency noise attenuation at low frequencies, this paper proposes the methods of porous material filling and micro-perforated plate (MPP) embedding to design a perfect sound absorber at different frequencies using the under-loss Helmholtz resonator (HR). Based on the transfer matrix method, the theoretical calculation models of the sound absorption coefficients of the HR, Helmholtz resonator with porous material (HRP), and Helmholtz resonator with micro-perforated plates (HRM) are constructed. Based on the theoretical models, the under-loss absorber HR1 with the peak absorption at 243 Hz, and the HRP and HRM with perfect absorption at 212 Hz and 157 Hz are designed, respectively. The impedance analysis and complex frequency plane method are used to analyze the sound absorption mechanisms of the HR1, HRP, and HRM. The accuracy of the theoretical model is verified by the finite element method. Finally, the three acoustic absorbers are manufactured using 3D printing technology, and the absorption coefficients are evaluated experimentally. The experimental results show that the HR1 has a high working frequency at 245 Hz and a narrow bandwidth of high-efficiency sound absorption ([Formula: see text]), which is only 12 Hz. The working frequency of the HRP is 214 Hz, and its high-efficiency sound absorption bandwidth is 54 Hz. The HRP has the lowest working frequency at 157 Hz and the widest high-efficiency sound absorption bandwidth of 58 Hz among the three absorbers. The research results presented in this paper provide a reference for the realization of low-frequency broadband noise attenuation designs and have certain application potential in noise control.
From volcanoes to sedimentary systems
Authors: Di Capua Andrea , De Rosa Rosanna , Kereszturi Gabor , Le Pera Emilia , Rosi Mauro , Watt Sebastian F. L. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Volcanoes produce probably the most spectacular geological phenomena on Earth. Any of their eruptions can have a strong consequence on the surrounding environment, often captured in great detail in the sedimentary records of volcanically active regions. In addition, flank landslides and background erosive processes affecting volcanic sequences release volcanic particles that circulate within sedimentary environments up to billions of years after their generation. Therefore, exploring volcanically influenced sedimentary environments is an exciting and challenging scientific exercise requiring insights across multiple geological disciplines, drawing upon an increasing varied range of expertise and analytical approaches from across the geoscientific community. This book aims to provide an updated collection of works that illustrate the state-of-the-art in this topic, and to define the future directions of the geological sciences in utilizing and interpreting sedimentary records of volcanism.
Along-strike magma-poor/magma-rich spreading transitions
Authors: Nemčok Michal , Frost Brian 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
1D/2D data-based studies of active spreading centres brought the knowledge of extension rate-dependent stretching-dominated v. buoyancy-dominated spreading. 3D reflection seismic data from the extinct centre of an initial oceanic corridor in the Caribbean allow us to see an along-strike transition between stretching- and buoyancy-dominated spreading where the spreading through detachment faulting is a precursor to the magma-assisted spreading. Studying progressively more evolved portions of the spreading centre, going from its end towards its centre, we see a progressively higher ascent of the asthenosphere, which heats the developing core complex in the exhuming footwall of the initial stretching-dominated system. The asthenospheric ascent is associated with thermal weakening of the core complex, which eventually results in ductile deformation reaching the upper portion of the complex. Subsequently, the core complex is penetrated by the dyke located at the top of the asthenospheric body. The dyke, which subsequently evolves to a diapir-shaped body, reaches the sea floor and establishes a magma-assisted steady-state seafloor spreading. These observations lead to a model explaining the initiation of the magma-assisted spreading in the initial oceanic corridor. Furthermore, they also improve our knowledge of multiple interacting mechanisms involved in the breakup of the last continental lithospheric layer, subsequent disorganized spreading and younger organized spreading.