bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular adverse reactions associated with escitalopram in patients with underlying cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Kimura Kenichi , Narita Hisashi , Imai Hissei , Akiyama Hisashi , Ishikawa Shuhei , Sawagashira Ryo , Isoyama Tomoyuki , Nohara Mariko , Kawamura Michiyo , Kono Yukari , Saito Takuya , Kusumi Ichiro 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundDespite the anticipated efficacy of escitalopram in treating depression and anxiety in individuals with preexisting cardiovascular conditions, persistent concerns regarding its adverse effects have emerged. In this systematic review, we aimed to evaluate the cardiovascular safety profile of escitalopram compared with that of placebo in patients with underlying cardiovascular disease.MethodsWe used a predefined search strategy in PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify studies evaluating adverse cardiovascular reactions to escitalopram in patients with underlying cardiovascular disease. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that provided results on cardiovascular safety outcomes were included. Two independent reviewers screened the abstracts and full texts of the individual studies. The risk of bias was assessed using version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.ResultsThe primary outcomes were the frequency of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), QTc prolongation, and discontinuation of study medication. We identified 5 RCTs with 773 participants who met the inclusion criteria. Escitalopram was not associated with significantly increased risk of MACE (risk ratio [RR] = 1.85; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80 to 4.26; I2 0%; 5 RCTs; n = 773, moderate certainty of evidence), discontinuation of study medication (RR = 1.03; 95% CI 0.84–1.26; I2 0%; 5 RCTs; n = 773, low certainty of evidence), and QTc prolongation (RR = 1.20; 95% CI 0.76–1.90; I2 0%; 4 RCTs; n = 646, low certainty of evidence).ConclusionEscitalopram does not significantly increase the risk of cardiovascular adverse reactions compared with placebo in patients with underlying cardiovascular disease. However, the presence of wide CIs and the limited number of included studies highlight the need for further studies with larger sample sizes to enhance the precision and reliability of these findings.Systematic review registration: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews [CRD42022298181].
Sex difference in alcohol withdrawal syndrome: a scoping review of clinical studies
Authors: Unlu Hayrunnisa , Macaron Marie Michele , Ayraler Taner Hande , Kaba Duygu , Akin Sari Burcu , Schneekloth Terry D. , Leggio Lorenzo , Abulseoud Osama A. 
Published: September 2023

BackgroundWe conducted a review of all studies comparing clinical aspects of alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) between men and women.MethodsFive databases (PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, Scopus and Clinical Trials) were searched for clinical studies using the keywords “alcohol withdrawal syndrome” or “delirium tremens” limited to “sex” or “gender” or “sex difference” or “gender difference.” The search was conducted on May 19, 2023. Two reviewers selected studies including both male and female patients with AWS, and they compared males and females in type of AWS symptoms, clinical course, complications, and treatment outcome.ResultsThirty-five observational studies were included with a total of 318,730 participants of which 75,346 had AWS. In twenty of the studies, the number of patients presenting with or developing AWS was separated by sex, resulting in a total of 8,159 (12.5%) female patients and a total of 56,928 (87.5%) male patients. Despite inconsistent results, males were more likely than females to develop complicated AWS [delirium tremens (DT) and AW seizures, collective DT in Males vs. females: 1,792 (85.4%) vs. 307 (14.6%), and collective seizures in males vs. females: 294 (78%) vs. 82 (22%)]. The rates of ICU admissions and hospital length of stay did not show sex differences. Although variable across studies, compared to females, males received benzodiazepine treatment at higher frequency and dose. One study reported that the time from first hospitalization for AWS to death was approximately 1.5 years shorter for males and males had higher mortality rate [19.5% (197/1,016)] compared to females [16% (26/163)].ConclusionDespite the significant heterogeneity of the studies selected and the lack of a focus on investigating potential sex differences, this review of clinical studies on AWS suggests that men and women exhibit different AWS manifestations. Large-scale studies focusing specifically on investigating sex difference in AWS are needed.
Trends and predictions in the physical shape of Chinese preschool children from 2000 to 2020
Authors: Tu Chunjing , Pan Qi , Jiang Chongmin , Tu Yuxuan , Zhang Sanhua 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveTo explore physical shape changes in preschool children from 2000 to 2020, and forecast development trends over the next 10 years.MethodThe grey GM (1,1) prediction model was used to fit the physical shape indicators of preschool children in China from 2000 to 2020, and then the longitudinal change trend of physical shape was compared and analyzed. Finally, the development trend of physical shape in China in 2025 and 2030 was predicted.Results(1) During the period from 2000 to 2020, the height, weight and chest circumference of Chinese preschool children all increased rapidly. Specifically, the weight of male and female children increased by 1.8 kg and 1.6 kg, their chest circumference increased by 1.6 cm and 1.5 cm, respectively, and both their heights increased by 3.6 cm. Among these indicators, the older the age, the greater the growth rate. It is expected that all the indicators will continue to grow rapidly over the next 10 years, but the growth rate will slow. (2) From 2000 to 2020, the growth rate of weight was higher than that of height, and BMI showed an increasing trend. The obesity detection rates in boys and girls increased by 5.6 and 2.8%, respectively. Over the next 10 years, the incidence of obesity is expected to increase by 3.8% in boys and 2.8% in girls. (3) Improvement in the growth and development of preschool children in China has a certain correlation with the rapid growth of China’s economy,less physical activity, education and other factors.ConclusionOver the past 20 years, the growth and nutritional status of Chinese preschoolers have improved dramatically, but overweight and obesity remain. Overweight and obesity rates are expected to continue to increase rapidly over the next 10 years, particularly among boys, and effective measures should be taken to control the obesity epidemic.
Exploring self-determined solutions to service and system challenges to promote social and emotional wellbeing in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people: a qualitative study
Authors: Dawson Anna P. , Warrior Eugene , Pearson Odette , Boyd Mark A. , Dwyer Judith , Morey Kim , Brodie Tina , Towers Kurt , Waters Sonia , Avila Cynthia , Hammond Courtney , Lake Katherine J. , Lampard ‘Uncle’ Frank , Wanganeen ‘Uncle’ Frank , Bennell Olive , Bromley Darrien , Shearing Toni , Rigney Nathan , Czygan Schania , Clinch Nikki , Pitson Andrea , Brown Alex , Howard Natasha J. 
Published: September 2023

IntroductionMany Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people living on Kaurna Country in northern Adelaide experience adverse health and social circumstances. The Taingiwilta Pirku Kawantila study sought to understand challenges facing Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities and identify solutions for the health and social service system to promote social and emotional wellbeing.MethodsThis qualitative study applied Indigenous methodologies undertaken with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander governance and leadership. A respected local Aboriginal person engaged with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community members and service providers through semi-structured interviews and yarning circles that explored community needs and challenges, service gaps, access barriers, success stories, proposed strategies to address service and system challenges, and principles and values for service design. A content analysis identified the breadth of challenges in addition to describing key targets to empower and connect communities and optimize health and social services to strengthen individual and collective social and emotional wellbeing.ResultsEighty-three participants contributed to interviews and yarning circles including 17 Aboriginal community members, 38 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander service providers, and 28 non-Indigenous service providers. They expressed the need for codesigned, strengths-based, accessible and flexible services delivered by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander workers with lived experience employed in organisations with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leadership and governance. Community hubs and cultural events in addition to one-stop-shop service centres and pre-crisis mental health, drug and alcohol and homelessness services were among many strategies identified.ConclusionHolistic approaches to the promotion of social and emotional wellbeing are critical. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are calling for places in the community to connect and practice culture. They seek culturally safe systems that enable equitable access to and navigation of health and social services. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander workforce leading engagement with clients is seen to safeguard against judgement and discrimination, rebuild community trust in the service system and promote streamlined access to crucial services.
Is overall and timing-specific physical activity associated with depression in older adults?
Authors: Chen Jiaren , Lai Ting-Fu , Lin Li-Jung , Park Jong-Hwan , Liao Yung 
Published: September 2023

ObjectiveRegarding the circadian rhythm regulating an individual’s response to external stimulation, it remains unclear whether older adults engaged in physical activity at different times of day may be differently related to depression symptoms. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association between overall and timing-specific physical activity and depressive symptoms in older Taiwanese adults.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted at a medical center in Taipei City, Taiwan, between September 2020 and December 2021. The participants were community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 who could walk independently and were not at high risk of cognitive dysfunction. Physical activity was measured using a triaxial accelerometer (GT3X+, ActiGraph) and categorized into timing-specific periods (morning: 06:01–12:00; afternoon: 12:01–18:00; evening: 18:01–24:00) as well as overall physical activity, which included both light physical activity (LPA) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). A 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale was utilized to assess and measure depressive symptoms. Multivariate linear regression models were estimated for data analysis.ResultsA total of 180 older adults (55.0% female; 80.5 ± 7.1 years old; 18.3% at risk of depression) were included. On average, the participants spent 237.3 (± 85.7) minutes in LPA per day and 12.8 (± 17.0) minutes in MVPA per day. The results showed that overall MVPA engagement was associated with lower depressive-symptom scores [B = −1.357, 95% CI (−2.561, −0.153)] in older adults. However, no significant associations were observed between overall LPA, timing-specific MVPA and LPA, and depression in older adults.ConclusionTo prevent depression in older adults, it is advisable to accumulate a higher amount of MVPA throughout the entire day rather than engage in LPA. Further studies employing a prospective design are necessary to validate and strengthen our findings.
Statistical explanation of the protective effect of four COVID-19 vaccine doses in the general population
Authors: Reyes Humberto , Méndez Constanza , Kalergis Alexis M. 
Published: September 2023

ObjectivesTo assess the effectiveness of four doses of the vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in the general population and the impact of this on the severity of the disease by age group.MethodsBy using data from the health authority public data base, we build statistical models using R and the GAMLSS library to explain the behavior of new SARS-CoV-2 infections, active COVID-19 cases, ICU bed requirement total and by age group, and deaths at the national level.ResultsThe four doses of vaccine and at least the interaction between the first and second doses were important explanatory factors for the protective effect against COVID-19. The R2 for new cases per day was 0.5644 and for occupied ICU beds the R2 is 0.9487. For occupied ICU beds for &gt;70 years R2 is 0.9195 and with the interaction between 4 doses as the main factor.ConclusionsAlthough the increase in the number of vaccine doses did not adequately explain the decrease in the number of COVID-19 cases, it explained the decrease in ICU admissions and deaths nationwide and by age group.
Use of ergogenic aids among Brazilian athletes: a cross-sectional study exploring competitive level, sex and sports
Authors: de Oliveira Géssyca T. , de Souza Hiago L. R. , Meireles Anderson , dos Santos Marcelo P. , Leite Laura H. R. , Ferreira Renato M. , Marocolo Moacir 
Published: September 2023

Was investigated ergogenic aids (EAs) used by Brazilian athletes and their association with performance, sex, sports classification, and modality. It identified the main purposes of EAs and their prescription.Methods239 athletes of 15 modalities, ranging from regional to international level, answered a survey online.ResultsHighly competitive athletes consumed nutritional and mechanical aids more (OR = 1.96 CI 95% [1.28–2.9]; OR = 1.79 CI 95% [1.29–2.47]), while the use of psychological EAs decreased [OR = 1.66 95% CI (1.18–2.94); p = 0.001]. Male athletes [OR = 1.44 CI 95% (1.11–2.88)] and individual sports practitioners [OR = 1.78 CI 95% (1.02–3.11)] used nutritional aids more. Triathlon athletes had higher nutritional EA use, while soccer athletes had lower. Combat sports athletes had higher pharmacological EA use.ConclusionAthletes use nutritional and pharmacological aids more to improve performance and gain lean body mass. Mechanical aids were used for recovery and psychological aids for motivation. Self-prescription is common, especially for pharmacological aids.
Repurposing Terfenadine as a Novel Antigiardial Compound
Authors: Suárez-Rico Daniel Osmar , Munguía-Huizar Francisco Javier , Cortés-Zárate Rafael , Hernández-Hernández José Manuel , González-Pozos Sirenia , Perez-Rangel Armando , Castillo-Romero Araceli 
Published: September 2023

Giardia lamblia is a highly infectious protozoan that causes giardiasis, a gastrointestinal disease with short-term and long-lasting symptoms. The currently available drugs for giardiasis treatment have limitations such as side effects and drug resistance, requiring the search for new antigiardial compounds. Drug repurposing has emerged as a promising strategy to expedite the drug development process. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxic effect of terfenadine on Giardia lamblia trophozoites. Our results showed that terfenadine inhibited the growth and cell viability of Giardia trophozoites in a time–dose-dependent manner. In addition, using scanning electron microscopy, we identified morphological damage; interestingly, an increased number of protrusions on membranes and tubulin dysregulation with concomitant dysregulation of Giardia GiK were observed. Importantly, terfenadine showed low toxicity for Caco-2 cells, a human intestinal cell line. These findings highlight the potential of terfenadine as a repurposed drug for the treatment of giardiasis and warrant further investigation to elucidate its precise mechanism of action and evaluate its efficacy in future research.
Reliability and Validity of the Vietnamese translation of Same-Sex Marriage Scale
Authors: Le Minh Tien 
Published: September 2023

Vietnam, in many ways, remains a Confucian nation. The Confucian heritage touches many aspects of people’s lives. In this context, homosexuals do not face severe punishments, but face social stigma or public misunderstanding. Same-Sex Marriage is also not accepted because of limited legal support. Therefore, there is a need to study attitudes towards same-sex marriage in Vietnam. The purpose of this article was to validate a Vietnamses version of the Attitudes Toward Same-Sex Marriage Scale (ATSM) designed by Pearl & Galupo (2007) in a Vietnamese population. The sample in this study was 570 students from six universities in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The data collection method used was face-to-face questionnaire. Students completed the Attitudes Toward Same-Sex Marriage Scale and other variables in the questionnaire. The respondent’s characteristics also explored through the survey include: gender, what year students are from, religion of the students, what region students are from and their ethinicity. The study found the Vietnamese translation of the ATSM scale both reliable and valid and suitable for research use.
Gestión del riesgo de desastres en los espacios urbanos de Jesús Nazareno, Ayacucho
Authors: León Nina Freddy , Cáceres Curo Juan 
Published: September 2023

Uno de los problemas latentes de las ciudades sostenibles son las políticas locales de gestión del riesgo de desastres la prevención, mitigación y preparación ante los eventos de vulnerabilidad. El objetivo es analizar las causas y efectos de los peligros y vulnerabilidades en los espacios urbanos de Jesús Nazareno de la ciudad de Ayacucho. Los métodos y técnicas aplicados fueron alternativas digitales para examinar el territorio mediante el ordenador, la topografía queda reducida a una base de datos digital SIG, las medidas tomadas en base a la tecnología satelital imagen 2022 CNES Airbus de Google Earth Pro, complementadas con la carta nacional 1:100 000, Hoja 27-ñ Ayacucho. Los resultados estructo-geomorfológico y el análisis de los morfo-elementos lineales del relieve revelan la existencia de fallas geológicas de desgarre en la cuenca baja de la Quebrada de Purakuti y Wichccana disectadas por los huaycos y cárcavas de formas de domos-peñascos y la deformación volumétrica del suelo. Entre los factores de riesgo comprobados persiste la existencia de zona sísmica riesgo geológico no mitigable con 90 % de peligros huayco-aluvión PMA, 75 % de remociones de masas y acumulación de materiales de tobas PA, con 70 % de acumulación de residuos sólidos en vía pública PA y huaycos con 60 % de PA, con una vulnerabilidad total (VT) = 82.50 % que significa Vulnerabilidad de Nivel Muy Alto de riesgo geológico no mitigable. Se concluye, es una zona de suelos deleznables con 90% de casas propensos a destruirse, resultante de suelos con alta potencial de licuación cíclica que posean baja densidad relativa y plasticidad post-sismo con una Vulnerabilidad total (VT) = 82.50 %.
ANALYSIS OF CLASSIFICATION OF LUNG CANCER USING THE DECISION TREE CLASSIFIER METHOD
Authors: Setiawan Wendy , Banjarnahor Jepri , Shandika Muhammad Faja , - Amalia , Radhi Muhammad 
Published: September 2023

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) revealed staggering figures, with 19.3 million global cancer cases and 10 million related deaths in that year. Cancer, characterized by abnormal cell growth, can potentially be dangerous with the ability to metastasize. Notably, lung cancer is often detected in an advanced stage due to a lack of awareness and comprehensive medical assessment. Lung cancer usually presents with a late-stage diagnosis. From 60% to 85% of individuals diagnosed with lung cancer show a lack of awareness about their condition. Early diagnosis using an accurate classification method can significantly increase the success of lung cancer diagnosis. To improve predictions, Decision Tree Classifier method was used in lung cancer classification, resulting in a significant increase in accuracy. This study achieved a good level of accuracy, with an accuracy value of 95.16% at a max_depth model depth of 15, and tested in 40 experimental iterations. These results are expected to provide hope for progress in the classification of lung cancer.

Keywords: Lung, Cancer, Classification, Decision Tree
Diagnóstico pós-natal de teratoma sacrococcígeo em um recém-nascido termo: riscos e consequências
Authors: Laranjeira Patricia Fabiane Monteiro , Cotrim Gabriela Barbosa , Barbosa Arianna Gonçalves , Cavalcante Mariana Tenório de Holanda , Quintino Hanna Bárbara Araújo 
Published: September 2023

Introdução: O teratoma sacrococcígeo é o tumor congênito mais comum do período fetal e neonatal com origem das células germinativas, embora raro, com incidência de 1:40.000 nascidos vivos. Dentre suas complicações, destacam-se as maternas, como polihidroamniose e placentomegalia, e fetais como hidropsia, anemia, insuficiência cardíaca, parto prematuro e óbito. Diante disso, o pré-natal atua como ferramenta fundamental para seu diagnóstico, tendo a ultrassonografia obstétrica como método principal. Objetivo: Relatar caso de teratoma sacrococcígeo neonatal e implicações do diagnóstico tardio na evolução do neonato. Metodologia: Os dados do presente estudo foram obtidos a partir da coleta de informações do prontuário. Relato de caso: Recém-nascido a termo, com tumoração sacrococcígea pesando 210 gramas, sem diagnóstico antenatal. Após transferência hospitalar e intercorrências clínicas, foi realizada ressecção tumoral com 7 dias de vida e recebeu alta com 26 dias para seguimento ambulatorial. Discussão: O cenário brasileiro é marcado pelo diagnóstico pós-natal das malformações por falha na captação e dificuldade de acesso aos exames de rastreio, sendo a confirmação através de sinais clínicos, métodos de imagem e marcadores tumorais. Segundo o Ministério da Saúde, preconiza-se 6 consultas mínimas de pré-natal, idealmente iniciadas antes das 12 semanas, no entanto, gestações não planejadas ou na adolescência são fatores de risco para baixa adesão ao pré-natal, o que eleva a necessidade de necessidade de transporte hospitalar, fator de risco adicional ao neonato, e atraso da conduta em tempo hábil. Ainda, o tratamento padrão-ouro envolve a ressecção completa da tumoração, com risco de complicações no pós-operatório imediato e tardio, como deiscência, infecção de ferida e disfunções urológicas/intestinais, e acompanhamento de marcador tumoral para avaliação de recorrência ou degeneração maligna. Conclusão: O desfecho do teratoma sacrococcígeo abrange sua detecção precoce para garantir o cuidado integral do binômio mãe-feto. Assim, é primordial a criação de linha de cuidado para malformações para elaborar planejamento do nascimento ao seguimento pós-cirúrgico.