bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of the aerodynamic flow on the dynamic characteristics of a lightning sweeping arc
Authors: Xiao Cien , Liu Yakun 
Published: February 2023

Lightning arc attachments during swept strokes are key information in the lightning protection design of fast-moving aircraft, wind turbines, rockets, etc. However, numerical modeling has not achieved success to predict the movement of lightning sweeping arcs due to the limited understanding of the complex multi-physics convolution in the arc fluid at present. This work builds a dynamic magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) arc model based on the setup in the laboratory simulation of the lightning continuing current and couples the electric–magnetic–thermal–force processes to get insights into the lightning arc dynamics. The MHD theory and Newton’s second law of motion are also incorporated to describe the movement of arc segments in the conditions of aerodynamic flows with different intensities. Results show that, at the center region of the arc, the electromagnetic force, thermal buoyancy, and aerodynamic force are competitive, and all are determiners in predicting the arc displacement. In contrast, at the root region of the arc, the electromagnetic force dominates the arc movement with a flow speed under 10 m/s, while aerodynamic force takes the dominant role when the flow speed exceeds 50 m/s. The arc sweeping distance expands from 0.02 to 1.01 m as the aerodynamic flow increases from 5 to 200 m/s. Meanwhile, when increasing the pitch angle of the arc-connected surface, the arc root becomes more attached to the surface and the sweeping distance is predicted to get reduced. The conclusions offer references to construct a numerical model and predict the complex arc movement during lightning sweeping strokes.
Latitudinal dependence of ground VLF transmitter wave power in the inner magnetosphere
Authors: Xia Zhiyang , Chen Lunjin , Gu Wenyao , Horne Richard B. , Miyoshi Yoshizumi , Kasahara Yoshiya , Kumamoto Atsushi , Tsuchiya Fuminori , Nakamura Satoko , Kitahara Masahiro , Shinohara Iku 
Published: February 2023

In this study, we use approximately 3 years of observations from the Exploration of energization and Radiation in Geospace (ERG/Arase) satellite to statistically study the meridional distribution of wave power from very-low-frequency (VLF) ground transmitters in the inner magnetosphere and analyze the corresponding latitudinal dependence. The results show that the mean intensity of NWC transmitter signals decreases as the transmitter emission propagates from the southern latitude (∼—30°) region to the equator in the inner magnetosphere and then increases as the emission propagates to the northern latitude (∼30°) region again. Similar latitudinal dependence can be found from the Van Allen Probes’ observation with a narrower latitude range (∼−20° to 0°). A ray-tracing simulation of the transmitter emission propagation is performed and reproduces a meridional wave power distribution similar to the observation. Similar latitudinal dependence can also be found for NAA, NLK and NLM transmitters.
Association of maternal late-gestation lipid mobilization and their offspring's disease risk during the pre-weaned period and performance through first lactation: A cohort study in a dairy herd
Authors: Velasquez-Munoz Ana , Schuurmans Emily J. , Brester Jill L. , Starken Kathryn , Abuelo Angel 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionExcessive maternal lipid mobilization in late gestation may impact the immune function of the newborn. However, the long-term effects remain unknown. The objective was to explore associations between excessive maternal lipid mobilization in the last 2 weeks of gestation with offspring health and performance.MethodsA retrospective study was performed including 1,511 calves (heifer = 692, bull = 819) born between 2015 and 2020 in one MI farm. Plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) was measured from cows 7 to 14 d before calving. Calves were categorized in 2 groups based NEFA concentration: physiological lipid mobilization (PLM = 1,373; NEFA &lt;0.3 mM) and excessive lipid mobilization (ELM = 138; NEFA ≥0.3 mM). Calf records were obtained from the herd's management software. Outcomes of interest were the hazard of pre-weaned digestive and respiratory disease, pre-weaned ADG, age at first breeding and calving, first lactation 305 d mature equivalent milk yield (305ME), and survival until first calving. Statistical models included dam NEFA category adjusted by year and season of birth, parity of the dam, and sex of the calf. Cox proportional analysis was used to determine the hazard of a pre-weaned health event, first breeding, and first calving. Linear regression was used to evaluate ADG and 305ME. The survival until first calving was analyzed with logistic regression.Results and discussionNo difference was detected in the hazard of diarrhea (HRPLM vs. ELM = 1.06; 95% CI = 0.82–1.38) and respiratory disease (HRPLM vs. ELM = 1.29; 95% CI = 0.79–2.10) by NEFA category in the pre-weaned period. Also, no difference was detected for the LSM (±SE) of pre-weaned ADG (PLM = 0.77±1.55, ELM = 0.72±2.76 kg/d). In heifers, the hazard for first breeding favored the PLM group (HRPLM vs. ELM = 1.59; 95% CI = 1.18–2.12), with a reduced median age at first breeding (PLM = 400 d, 95% CI = 397–402; ELM = 412 d, 95% CI = 404–421). However, NEFA category was not associated with the hazard of first calving (HRPLM vs. ELM = 0.94; 95% CI = 0.69–1.27), first lactation 305ME (PLM = 16,665±165 kg; ELM = 16,256±532), the odds of presenting at least 1 health event in the first lactation (ORPLM vs. ELM = 0.78; 95% CI = 0.41–1.49), or the odds of leaving the herd before first calving (ORPLM vs. ELM = 1.21; 95% CI = 0.56–2.02). Overall, dam ELM affected the hazard of first breeding but no other indicators of health or long-term performance. However, associations between maternal lipid mobilization and calf outcomes cannot be excluded, as the NEFA cut-off used has not been established as a predictor of offspring health and performance.
In Silico Evidence of the Multifunctional Features of Lactiplantibacillus pentosus LPG1, a Natural Fermenting Agent Isolated from Table Olive Biofilms
Authors: López-García Elio , Benítez-Cabello Antonio , Ramiro-García Javier , Ladero Victor , Arroyo-López Francisco Noé 
Published: February 2023

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in obtaining probiotic bacteria from plant origins. This is the case of Lactiplantibacillus pentosus LPG1, a lactic acid bacterial strain isolated from table olive biofilms with proven multifunctional features. In this work, we have sequenced and closed the complete genome of L. pentosus LPG1 using both Illumina and PacBio technologies. Our intention is to carry out a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and whole-genome annotation for a further complete evaluation of the safety and functionality of this microorganism. The chromosomic genome had a size of 3,619,252 bp, with a GC (Guanine-Citosine) content of 46.34%. L. pentosus LPG1 also had two plasmids, designated as pl1LPG1 and pl2LPG1, with lengths of 72,578 and 8713 bp (base pair), respectively. Genome annotation revealed that the sequenced genome consisted of 3345 coding genes and 89 non-coding sequences (73 tRNA and 16 rRNA genes). Taxonomy was confirmed by Average Nucleotide Identity analysis, which grouped L. pentosus LPG1 with other sequenced L. pentosus genomes. Moreover, the pan-genome analysis showed that L. pentosus LPG1 was closely related to the L. pentosus strains IG8, IG9, IG11, and IG12, all of which were isolated from table olive biofilms. Resistome analysis reported the absence of antibiotic resistance genes, whilst PathogenFinder tool classified the strain as a non-human pathogen. Finally, in silico analysis of L. pentosus LPG1 showed that many of its previously reported technological and probiotic phenotypes corresponded with the presence of functional genes. In light of these results, we can conclude that L. pentosus LPG1 is a safe microorganism and a potential human probiotic with a plant origin and application as a starter culture for vegetable fermentations.
Alterações físico-químicas induzidas por processo germinativo de sementes de milho de pericarpo roxo
Authors: Andressa Irene , Nascimento Glauce Kelly Silva , Dos Santos Tatiane Monteiro , Oliveira Josimar Rodrigues , Benassi Vivian Machado , Schmiele Marcio 
Published: February 2023

A germinação é uma técnica factível e de baixo custo capaz de melhorar as características sensoriais, nutricionais e tecnológicas do milho. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os parâmetros morfométricos, curva de maceração, vigor das sementes, tamanho de radícula, composição centesimal, compostos fenólicos totais (CFT), parâmetros de cor instrumental (L*, a* e b*) e análise de imagem por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) do amido nas sementes de milho crioulo de pericarpo roxo oriundas da região de Couto de Magalhães de Minas-MG submetidos ao processo de germinação. As sementes apresentaram 35 % de umidade ao final da maceração, o que está diretamente relacionado aos parâmetros morfométricos e físico-químicos do grão. Além disso, as sementes de milho crioulo de pericarpo roxo apresentaram vigor germinativo satisfatório (89,4 %), considerado similar às sementes comerciais. A germinação promoveu redução do teor proteico e lipídico das amostras germinadas (8,36 ± 0,73 g.100g-1 de proteína e 3,44 ± 0,38 g.100g-1 de lipídios) em relação ao controle (farinha de milho não germinado, 10,29 ± 0,49 g.100g-1 de proteína e 5,27 ± 0,42 g.100g-1 de lipídios). Além disso, houve alterações significativas (p<0,05) dos parâmetros de cor instrumental avaliados da farinha de milho germinada (L*: 81,97±0,36; a*: 3,16±0,15; b*: 18,97±0,15) quando comparada ao controle (L*: 71,26±1,22; a*: 6,15±0,27; b*: 25,50±0,19). No entanto, as amostras de milho germinado apresentaram incremento de 50,83 % dos CFT com relação ao milho não germinado. Nesse sentido, a germinação do milho de pericarpo roxo favoreceu a liberação de compostos fenólicos, apresentando-se uma técnica promissora para agregar valor a um produto regional e com potencial para a elaboração de novos produtos.
Changes in Mangrove Blue Carbon under Elevated Atmospheric CO
2
Authors: Gu Xiaoxuan , Qiao Peiyang , Krauss Ken W. , Lovelock Catherine E. , Adams Janine B. , Chapman Samantha K. , Jennerjahn Tim C. , Lin Qiulian , Chen Luzhen 
Published: February 2023

While there is consensus that blue carbon ecosystems, such as mangroves, have an important role in mitigating some aspects of global climate change, little is known about mangrove carbon cycling under elevated atmospheric CO
2
concentrations (
e
CO
2
). Here, we review studies in order to identify pathways for how
e
CO
2
might influence mangrove ecosystem carbon cycling. In general,
e
CO
2
alters plant productivity, species community composition, carbon fluxes, and carbon deposition in ways that enhance mangrove carbon storage with
e
CO
2
. As a result, a negative feedback to climate change exists whereby
e
CO
2
adds to mangrove’s ability to sequester additional carbon, which in turn reduces the rate by which CO
2
builds. Furthermore,
e
CO
2
affects warming and sea-level rise (SLR) through alternate pathways, which coinfluence the mangrove response in both antagonistic (i.e., warming = greater carbon loss to decomposition) and synergistic (i.e., SLR = greater soil carbon burial) ways.
e
CO
2
is projected to become a more prominent driver in the future before reaching a steady state. However, given the complexity of the interactions of biological and environmental factors with
e
CO
2
, long-term field observations and in situ simulation experiments can help to better understand the mechanisms for proper model initialization to predict future changes in mangrove carbon sequestration.
مستويات هرمون التستوستيرون مع التغيرات النسجية المرضية في خصية وجلد ذكور الجرذان المعاملة بالسستانون وزيت السمسم
Authors: علي شلش سلطان  , رشا عبد الامير عبد اللطيف  
Published: February 2023

هدفت الدراسة الحالية إلى معرفة تأثير حقن السستانون وهو من المركبات الستيرويدية البنائية وكذلك زيت السمسم على بعض الوظائف الفسيولوجية في ، خصى الجرذان والتي شملت قياس مستوى التسوستيرون أما الدراسة النسجية المرضية فقد تضمنت التغيرات النسجية المرضية التي يحدثها السستانون وزيت السمسم في خصى وجلد الجرذان .تضمنت حيوانات التجربة 25 جرذيا ً ذكرا ً من نوع Sprague – Dawely والتي قسمت إلى خمسة مجاميع أضافية ( Subgroups ) . ضمت المجاميع , مجموعة السيطرة السالبة (علف وماء)، المجموعة الثانية سيطرة موجبة (1 مل / كغم من وزن الجسم زيت السمسم جرعة واطئة) المجموعة الثالثة سيطرة موجبة (2مل / كغم من وزن الجسم زيت السمسم جرعة عالية) المجموعة الرابعة سستانون (10ملغم/ كغم من وزن الجسم جرعة واطئة) ، المجموعة الخامسة سستانون (20 ملغم / كغم من وزن الجسم جرعة عالية) . حقنت مجاميع حيوانات أسبوعيا لمدة 6 أسابيع بالسستانون وزيت السمسم بالعضل ثم قتلت في نهاية الاسبوع السادس .بينت النتائج أرتفاعا في مستويات هرمون التستوستيرون ( ng/ml) معنويا ً ( P<0.05) في المجموعتين الرابعة والخامسة مقارنة مع السيطرة السالبة ومجموعتي السيطرة الموجبة بينما أرتفع مستوى التستوستيرون في مجموعتي السيطرة الموجبة بصورة غير معنوية الاانه لم تلاحظ فروقات معنوية ( P>0.05 ) بين المجموعتين الرابعة والخامسة .تميزت التغيرات النسجية المرضية في خصى وجلود جرذان الجرذان المعاملة بالسستانون وزيت السمسم بما يلي :أظهرت خصى الجرذان المعاملة ب10 ملغم/كغم سستانون وجود تنخر داخل النبيبات الخصوية مع وجود أعداد قليلة من الحيامن وعدم وجودها في بعض تجاويف النبيبات مقارنة بالسيطرة السالبة مع تنخر الخلايا المولدة
دراسة بعض الخصائص الفيزيائية والكيميائية لعسل النحل المحلي
Authors: أ.د. محمد ابراهيم نادر  , أ.م.د. رغد أكرم عزيز  , علي حسين علاء الدين  
Published: February 2023

قدرت بعض الخصائص الفيزيائية والكيميائية للعينات الثلاث من العسل المحلي (العسل الجبلي والبرسيم واليوكالبتوس) اذ بلغت اللزوجة (38.49، 17.24، 17.24) مليبويز على التوالي إما الكثافة (1.12، 1.14، 1.14) غم/مللتر على التوالي وكان لون العسل (اصفراً ناصعاً، اصفراً فاتحاً، اصفراً غامقاً) على التوالي ومعامل الانكسار (499.1، 498.1، 497.1) على التوالي اما المواد الصلبة الذائبة الكلية فكانت (5.83، 1.83، 9.83) على التوالي في حين بلغت نسبة سكر الفركتوز (32.4٪ ،40.7٪، 28.5٪) على التوالي اما نسبة سكر الكلوكوز فكانت (38.26٪، 36.7٪، 38.3٪) على التوالي وكان مجموع سكر الفركتوز والكلوكوز (70.66٪، 76.7٪، 66.8٪) على التوالي وإما نسبة سكر السكروز (7.17٪، 5٪، 3٪) على التوالي، وقدرت نسبة الرطوبة فكانت (15.5 ٪، 18٪، 16٪) على التوالي، كما قدرت الحموضة الكلية وقد كانت (18 و20 و16.12) مليمكافىء\كغم على التوالي، وقد درس الأس الهيدروجيني وكان (3.91، 3.51، 3.92) على التوالي، و وجد ان كمية الرماد (0.19٪، 0.17٪، 0.18٪) على التوالي ، وتراوحت قيم تركيز البروتين (539.52، 294، 519.95) مايكروغرام /مللتر على التوالي، اما نسبة البرولين (0.76، 0.3، 0.15) ملغم⁄ كغم على التوالي، كما قدرت فعالية انزيم الكلوكوز اوكسديز اذ كانت (0.008، 0.011، 0.000) H2O2 ملغم⁄غم⁄ ساعة على التوالي، وقدرت كمية الهيدروكسي مثيل الفورفورال اذ كان (5.91، 40.38، 42.23) ملغم⁄ كغم على التوالي، كما لوحظ وجود بعض العناصر المعدنية في عينات العسل تمثلت بالمغنيسيوم والحديد والنحاس والرصاص والكوبلت والكادميوم والنيكل والكروم، بيد ان العسل الجبلي خلى من الكروم. وبينت نتائج الكشف الأولي لعينات العسل الثلاثة احتوائها على المركبات الثانوية الفعالة المثمثلة بالتانينات والصابونيات والفلافونويدات والكلايكوسيدات والفينولات والتربينات والكومارين.
RGB-D Visual Odometry via Low Order Gaussian Gradient Metrics
Authors: Yao Zhigang , An Xu , Charrier Christophe , Rosenberger Christophe 
Published: February 2023

<p>This paper gives a direct Visual Odometry (VO) of RGB-D cameras by using features conducted with low-order Gaussian derivative functions such as Gaussian gradient operator. By using the feature metrics locally, it improves further possibilities for sampling more reliable points from scenarios that are lack of structure or texture and is beneficial to continuous tracking. The proposed approach reaches relatively acceptable performance with a globally heuristic framework built on the general coarse-to-fine and inverse compositional estimation. Experimental results are conducted on a group of TUM datasets for validating the proposed approach.</p>
A Novel Incipient Slip Degree Evaluation Method and its Application in Adaptive Control of Grasping Force
Authors: Sui Ruomin , Zhang Lunwei , Huang Qiyin , Li Tiemin , Jiang Yao 
Published: February 2023

<p>Grasping is the most basic and important function of robots. However, the grasping performance of existing manipulators is far inferior to that of human hands. Human hands are able to evaluate the degree of incipient slip on contact surface based on tactile information during grasping process and thus regulate grasping force. As a result, humans can use the smallest possible grasping force while ensuring successful grasping, which maximizes the performance of their hands and avoids damaging the grasped object as much as possible. The existing incipient slip degree evaluation methods have certain shortcomings. So this paper proposes a novel method which can be applied to complex contact conditions where the incipient slip degree is not unidirectional and torque exists. Also, there are no restrictions on the material parameters and surface topography of the grasped object, and no need to obtain any information about it in advance. We construct a grasping force control strategy for parallel grippers based on this evaluation method, with the goal of enabling the gripper to achieve the similar grasping performance of human hands. The grasping strategy is verified in simulations and actual experiments, and the difference between the controlled force and minimum grasping force is demonstrated </p>
Upaya Meningkatkan Keaktifan dan Hasil Belajar IPS Melalui Problem Based Learning
Authors: Suwartini Suwartini , Widayati Mukti , Siwi Dwi Anggareni 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Kenokorejo 01 pada muatan pelajaran IPS dengan menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dengan media powerpoint. Penelitian Tindakan Kelas ini terdiri dari empat tahap yaitu perencanaan, pelaksanaan, pengamatan dan refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan teknik observasi, wawancara, dokumentasi, dan tes. sedangkan teknik analisis data melalui tiga tahapan yaitu reduksi, penyajian data, dan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya peningkatan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Kenokorejo 01. Peningkatannya sebagai berikut: pada pra siklus mengajukkan pertanyaan 3 siswa atau 30%, menjawab pertanyaan 3 siswa atau 30%, mengemukakan pendapat 2 siswa atau 20%, dan hasil belajar 3 siswa atau 30% pada siklus I mengajukkan pertanyaan 5 siswa atau 50%, menjawab pertanyaan 6 siswa atau 60%, mengemukakan pendapat 5 siswa atau 50%, dan hasil belajar 6 siswa atau 60% sedangkan pada siklus II mengajukkan pertanyaan 8 siswa atau 80%, menjawab pertanyaan 9 siswa atau 90%, mengemukakan pendapat 8 siswa atau 80%, dan hasil belajar 9 siswa atau 90%. Penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan melalui penerapan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dengan media powerpoint dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan hasil belajar siswa kelas IV SD Negeri Kenokorejo 01 tahun 2020/2021.
Water Quality of Rampur Reservoir ofGuna District (Madhya Pradesh, India)
Authors: Jain Renu , Sharma Dushyant 
Published: February 2023

Rampur reservoir is one of the artificial water bodies of Guna (M.P.). The villagers use it mainly for irrigation as well as for pisciculture. Physico-chemical studies were undertaken to enhance the Limnological knowledge about the tank and to explore possibilities for better management of pisciculture. In the present study various physico-chemical factors such as water temperature, transparency, turbidity, conductivity, pH, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen and chloride were investigated. The recorded parameters showed interrelationship and also indicated the suitability of reservoir for the purpose of drinking and pisciculture. Proper awareness of pisciculture to the villagers is required for the proper utilization and exploitation of Rampur reservoir.
Conservation of Horn Bills in Betul District of Madhya Pradesh, India
Authors: Guha Saurabh , Mishra P. K. 
Published: February 2023

Among the birds the most contendus for the title of spectacular and even beautiful birds of Indian forests are Hom Bills with curious beaks and nesting habits, these giants are a naturalists delight in forest ranging from tropical deciduous to rain forest. Sixteen species of Horn bills occur with in Indian forests and neighboring countries. It is found that both the species Gray Horn Bill and Pide Horn Bill species are present in the forests of Betu district. The present paper is an attempt to report the habit, habitat and need of conservation of these birds.
Microbial Degradation of Urea from Urea Bearing Wastewaters
Authors: P. P. Pathe  , Nandy T. , Kaul S. N. , Deshpande C. V. , Szpyrkowie L. 
Published: February 2023

Urea and ammonia are mostly present in wastewaters from nitrogenous fertilizer industries. Urea can not be oxidized by usual oxidation methods, microbiological hydrolysis of urea is necessary for removal of urea from wastewater. Biological degradation of urea is a two staged process; (i) urea hydrolysis and (ii) ammonia stripping/nitrification-denitrification. Microbiological hydrolysis of urea through biohydrolyzer removes urea from fertilizer effluents , in which ,ureolytic bacteria Bacillus Pasteurii converts urea into ammonia and carbon dioxide through ammonium carbonate as an intermediate product. Removal of ammonia is either by stripping or converting into nitrate on nitrification by chemoautotraphic bacteria Nitrosomonas sp. and further by Nitrobacter sp. into nitrate. On dentirification, nitrate is finally converted into nitrogen gas by means of heterotrophic bacteria. Based on earlier laboratory investigations, urea bio-hydrolyser was designed, installed and commissioned in fertilizer industry as additional full scale unit to treat urea and ammonia bearing wastewaters. Ammonia stripped effluent was mixed with septic tank effluents from industry and township sewage and routed through various lagoons cultured with algae - chlorella to minimize nitrogen. Evaluation of full scale urea bio-hydrolyser and effluent treatment plant before and after modifications at ETP is discussed in this paper.
Fluctuation in the Population Density of Macro-invertebrates of River Ganga at Pashulok Barrage, Rishikesh. (Uttranchal, India)
Authors: Khanna D. R. , Chugh Tarun , Sarkar Praveen 
Published: February 2023

The present paper describes fluctuation in the population density of Macro-Invertebrates of river Ganga at Pashulok Barrage, Rishikesh. This investigation was carried out between September 1998 and Feb 1999. Total Eight groups of Macro­ invertebrates were observed. Out of which, Diptera (33.52%). Ephimeroptera (30.62%), Gastropoda (13.65%) and Trichoptera (10.59%) dominated over the other groups. The population of Macro-Invertebrates found maximum in the month of February, whereas the minimum values were recorded in September.
First Record of the Xenogryllus Transversus (Gryllidae: Orthoptera) from Pakistan
Authors: Ullah Sami , Panhwar Waheed Ali , Tabassum Sadia , Sarki Afaque Ahmed 
Published: February 2023

During present study extensive surveys were carried to collect the crickets of the subfamily Eneopterinae. Xenogryllus transversus (Walker 1869) is recorded from Pakistan the first time. Description of species along with genitalia and line drawing is also provided for the confirmation of species.