bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Poetics of Balzac’s Incomprehensibility: A Literary Approach to Le Colonel Chabert and L’Interdiction
Authors: Welles Briggs Thomas 
Published: March 2023

La réalité juridique de Balzac possède-t-elle seulement une valeur historique ou relève-t-elle plutôt d’une « poétique infidélité faite à l’histoire » (Les Chouans) ? Quelle est cette poétique, cette réalité déformée ? Les réponses que l’on trouve dans Le Colonel Chabert, L’Interdiction et d’autres romans montrent que, même si l’on écrit le droit de façon réaliste, il faut de l’imagination, de l’invention, de l’illusion — tout le contraire des articles lapidaires des codes. En sondant les profondeurs de La Comédie humaine, nous tentons une approche à partir du droit mais centrée sur la littérature. Ce faisant, nous inversons le processus habituel des critiques venant des facultés de droit : nous lisons le droit afin de révéler quelques-uns des secrets de la création balzacienne et de ce qui, dans le texte littéraire, ne saurait se réduire à une dimension didactique ou illustrative.
Le héros romantique, un justiciable comme les autres ? Réflexions à partir du cas Julien Sorel
Authors: Julliot Caroline 
Published: March 2023

Le héros romantique se définit par sa « dissociation […] avec la loi commune » (C. Baron). Dans le champ déjà ancien du courant de recherches interdisciplinaire « droit et littérature », il a donc été traditionnellement vu comme un « mauvais auxiliaire du juge » ( ibid. ), inapte par son exceptionnalité à inspirer le magistrat dans sa pratique juridique quotidienne. Pourtant, comme l’objecte le procureur Villefort au Comte de Monte-Cristo, dès qu’il se trouve dans un pays, il est théoriquement soumis aux lois étatiques ; il doit donc se garder de les enfreindre de façon visible s’il tient à préserver sa précieuse liberté. Cet article se propose d’étudier les stratégies permettant au héros romantique d’échapper, la plupart du temps, à l’emprise du droit — laissant le lecteur seul juge de la légitimité de ses actes. Enfin, il se propose, à partir de l’exemple de Julien Sorel qui a déjà inspiré plusieurs plaidoiries d’avocat, de réfléchir aux enjeux de mettre équitablement en scène son procès.
« Le Ciel finira par être bon à quelque chose » : « L’affichage céleste » de Villiers de l’Isle-Adam
Authors: Fougère Marie-Ange 
Published: March 2023

Dans « L’affichage céleste », Villiers de l’Isle-Adam imagine une invention capable de projeter dans le ciel de gigantesques images publicitaires. Son intention n’est pas de rendre gloire aux progrès contemporains, mais tout au contraire de dénoncer l’inanité du Progrès. Entièrement placé sous le signe de l’antiphrase ironique, le conte ne loue l’invention que pour, en réalité, mieux railler le positivisme bourgeois qui la sous-tend. Toutefois de cet abîme de Bêtise l’ironiste fait surgir un absurde dont le comique semble finir par le dérider lui-même. Une véritable jubilation se dégage de l’évocation des slogans imaginés par le conteur qui s’amuse à resémantiser images publicitaires et noms de constellations. La voûte céleste devient alors prétexte à une sémiotisation aussi absurde qu’amusante.
Zapuščena naselja v gorskih območjih Furlanije - Julijske krajine: možnosti okrevanja Železne doline
Authors: Jelen Igor , Džajić Uršič Erika , Beismann Michael , Čede Peter , Steinicke Ernst 
Published: March 2023

Prispevek na primeru gorskih vasi v Furlaniji - Julijski krajini, ki doživljajo depopulacijo, osvetljuje, da lahko nove oblike priseljevanja izboljšajo videz in socialno-ekonomski položaj perifernih območij v Alpah. Na podlagi statistične analize je obravnavno trenutno stanje gorskih vasi (območja), podkrepljeno s terenskimi raziskavami zapuščenih naselij. Rezultati kažejo, da so »novi priseljenci« nosilci inovacij, ki dajejo zagon različnim dejavnostim, zlasti kmetijstvu, turizmu, umetniškim in kulturnim dejavnostim ter imajo bistveno vlogo pri prestrukturiranju nepremičninske dediščine in pri obnovi zapuščenih naselij. Njihova dejavnost omogoča vzdrževanje in vse večjo regeneracijo alpske pokrajine, kar z oblikovanjem novega kmetovanja spodbuja nove družbene strukture. Vas Dordolla v Aupski dolini (Val Aupa) se je nedavno izpostavila kot lokalno središče teh inovacijskih gibanj, vpliv pa se kaže v celotni dolini. Model procesa regeneracije je mogoče uporabiti tudi na drugih depopulacijskih gorskih območjih Furlanije - Julijske krajine in širše. //
Abandoned settlements in the mountainous areas of Friuli-Venezia Giulia: the possibilities of recovering of the Canal del Ferro
The aim of this work is to demonstrate that new immigrations improve the appearance and socioeconomic situation of remote alpine regions. Friuli mountain villages, having become sparsely inhabited or indeed real ghost towns, are particularly suitable areas for such studies. The research builds on the one hand on analysis of the current state of the art as well as on analyses of official statistical data. It is on the other hand derived from own surveys in the course of investigative visits to all ghost towns in the research area. The results show that newcomers bring innovation and new impulses in agriculture, tourism, artistic and cultural sphere and play a key role in renovating existing buildings, reusing fallow plots of land and establishing a creative dynamic. Their activities increasingly enable the regeneration and maintenance of alpine cultural landscapes, resulting in new social and agrarian structures, which are emerging as »new farming« in the study area. The village of Dordolla in the Aupa Valley has recently established itself as a centre of innovation of these new processes and its achievements are evident in the rest of the valley, too. The regeneration processes analysed in the study area could also be transferred to other remaining partially abandoned settlements in Friuli-Venezia Giulia and broader.
Solo na escola: atividade prática com um simulador de erosão
Authors: Bispo Carlos de Oliveira , Sousa Sinara Gomes de , Listo Danielle Gomes da Silva 
Published: March 2023

A abordagem da temática solo evidencia a sua importância para a vida e a necessidade de sua conservação. O presente artigo é resultado das reflexões desenvolvidas em sala de aula, na disciplina de Geografia, com a participação dos estudantes do Ensino Fundamental II no contexto do Projeto Solo na Escola do Departamento de Ciências Geográficas da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco – UFPE. O estudo teve como público-alvo estudantes do 6º ano de uma escola pública. A proposta pautou-se numa ação pedagógica com o objetivo de discutir a importância da conservação do meio ambiente dentro de uma cultura de sustentabilidade, trabalhando-se com a temática da erosão do solo. Por meio das reflexões realizadas na disciplina de Geografia, buscou-se refletir sobre as concepções e aprendizados dos estudantes sobre sustentabilidade e meio ambiente. A metodologia efetivou-se através da preparação de um material didático denominado simulador de erosão, que foi utilizado para a realização de uma atividade prática em sala de aula, com a temática da Erosão do solo. Essa intervenção pedagógica contribuiu para a mudança do olhar dos estudantes em relação aos espaços estudados e, assim, eles puderam enxergar novas perspectivas e possibilidades para a conservação do solo, além de ressignificar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem.
Simple prognostic markers in patients with hematological malignancies and coronavirus disease 2019 infection
Authors: Rakha Nahed M. , Mohammed Dalia Abdel E. , Hassan Noha B. , Abdalla Nour El Hoda H. 
Published: March 2023

Background
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic rapidly spread from China to other countries. The clinical features of patients with COVID-19 have revealed a number of potential biochemical markers associated with in-hospital mortality. Numerous studies have proposed the use of hematological markers that seem to associate with increased severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19.

Aim
To evaluate the prognostic value of some hematological parameters and inflammatory biomarker effect on overall survival (OS) and mortality on patients with hematological malignancies infected with COVID-19.

Patients and methods
A cross-sectional study of 50 adult Egyptian patients with different hematological malignancies were recruited from Clinical Hematology Department, Ain Shams University Hospital, over the period from December 2020 to October 2021.

Results
The mean of neutrophil-to-monocyte ratio (NMR) was 0–110 and median interquartile range 7.40 (3.0–16.67)×103/µl and there is significant correlation between NMR and OS with P value of 0.031, there is significant correlation between OS of those patients and D-dimer, ferritin, hematocrit, and red-blood cell count.

Conclusion
There are simple, easy, and rapid tests such as the NMR, inflammatory biomarkers (ferritin and D-dimer), and some hematological parameters (hematocrit and red blood cell) that have prognostic value on OS and mortality on patients with hematological malignancies infected with COVID-19.
DNMT3A-448A>G nucleotide polymorphism and susceptibility to acute myeloid leukemia in a cohort of Egyptian patients
Authors: Elnoshokaty Essam H. , Ebid Gamal T. , Fahmy Mohamed A. , Shikhon Tarek M. , Gawdat Rania M. 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundDNA-methyltransferase 3 A (DNMT3A) plays an important role in DNA methylation. Its mutation is the commonest mutated epigenetic regulator in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the relation between DNMT3 polymorphism and AML risk in Egyptian patients is still unknown.ObjectivesTo detect the frequency of DNMT3A-448A>G (rs 1550117) single nucleotide polymorphism in a cohort of adult Egyptian patients with AML and normal controls matched by age, sex, and ethnicity and to assess its effect on the susceptibility of AML.Patients and methodsPCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism was the genotyping method used to assess DNMT3A polymorphism in the present case–control study.ResultsThe frequency of the wild (GG), mutant heterozygous (AG), and mutant homozygous (AA) genotypes among patients and controls were 47.90 versus 47.70%, 46.50 versus49.20%, and 5.60 versus 3.10%, respectively (P=0.763, 0.505, and 0.462, respectively), whereas the frequency of A allele was 28.87 versus 27.69%P=0.829. The patients with DNMT3A mutant types (AG, AA, and carrier of the variant Allele of the DNMT3A) were not associated with the risk of AML (odds ratio: 0.548, 0.516, and 0.934; 95% confidence interval: 0.094–3.206, 0.088–3.014, and 0.556-1.60, respectively).ConclusionDNMT3A-448A>G (rs 1550117) polymorphism conferred no risk to AML in our studied Egyptian patients.
Refractory splenectomized immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Moeen Sawsan M. , Thabet Ahmad F. , Morad Mohamed A. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction
The treatment options for patients with refractory splenectomized chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) are often unsatisfactory despite different lines of treatment, especially after thrombopoietin receptor agonist (TPO-RA) failure.

Objective
This study was done to assess the efficacy of vincristine in the treatment of patients with splenectomized chronic ITP who failed TPO-RA therapy as well as their 8-month follow-up following vincristine discontinuation.

Patients and methods
A total of 12 patients with splenectomized chronic ITP who failed to respond to TPO-RA were treated with vincristine 1–2 mg weekly for 6 weeks.

Results
The platelet count was evaluated during the treatment, and every 2 months for 8-month follow-up. The mean platelet count was significantly increased at the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth weeks during the treatment and persistently elevated during the second, fourth, and sixth months of follow-up when compared with the baseline platelet count, while decreasing at the 8-month follow-up, with no significant difference at their baseline.

Conclusion
Vincristine could be an effective treatment in patients with splenectomized ITP who failed to respond to TPO-RAs and in patients requiring a short-term increase in the platelet count.
Ethanolic extract of sweet basil callus cultures as a source of antioxidant and sun-protective agents
Authors: Ibrahim Mona M. , Danial Nancy , El-Bahr Mohamed K. 
Published: March 2023

Background
Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) is a medicinal plant largely used in medicine, cosmetics, and cooking.

Objective
The current work aimed to improve the production of both phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the callus cultures of sweet basil (O. basilicum L.), which can be used in cosmetics as antioxidant and sun-protection agents.

Materials and methods
Different combinations of growth regulators have been used to induce calli. Phenylalanine and salicylic acid have been used to enhance phenolics and flavonoids production. Quantitative analyses including total phenolics (TPC), total flavonoids, 2,2’-diphenyl 1-Picryl-hydrazyl radical scavenging activity, half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50), correlation coefficient (R2) between antioxidant activity and both TPC and TFC, and sun-protective factor have been performed for both treatments and control.

Results and conclusions
Results reported that 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)+6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) was the best combination to induce calli tissue with good texture. The addition of 1.0 g/l phenylalanine for 2 weeks and 0.5 mm salicylic acid for 4 weeks were the best treatments to increase the production of phenolic and flavonoid components, and it showed the maximum % radical scavenging capacity. Higher correlation coefficient was found between % radical scavenging capacity and TPC compounds (0.83). The treatment of 1.0 g/l phenylalanine for 2 weeks indicated the lowest and best IC50, and it showed the maximum sun-protective factor value (36.50±0.003).
Role of Crush Cytology in Detecting Gastrointestinal Malignancies
Authors: Singh Ayaskanta , Patnayak Rashmi , Narayan Jimmy , Sahu Manoj Kumar , Behera Manas Kumar , Jena Amitabh 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Adenocarcinomas are the most common malignancy of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Crush cytology is an effective method which can be used to detect neoplastic conditions of GI tract, especially in combination with biopsies.

Materials and Methods:
The objectives of the study were to study the efficacy of crush cytology as a convenient and near accurate method to evaluate endoscopic biopsy of GI neoplasms.

Study Design:
Retrospective and Prospective. The original cytopathology diagnoses were correlated with histology report on cases sent over 2-year period. In consecutive 89 patients attending the department of gastroenterology with clinical suspicion of malignancy, an endoscopy was performed. The material obtained was subjected to cytology as well as histopathology. The stained cytology slides along with corresponding histopathology slides were studied.

Results:
Out of 89 cases, both crush smear and histopathology sections were positive for malignant cells (65 cases), both negative for malignant cells (seven cases), crush smear positive and histopathology negative (three cases), and crush smear-negative and histopathology positive (14 cases). Out of the 14 cases which were negative in crush smears for malignancy, on histopathological examination, eight were signet-ring cell carcinoma, three were poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, two turned out to be neuroendocrine carcinoma, and one non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).

Conclusion:
Crush cytology smears can be used to diagnose malignant GI cases fairly accurately. Cases of signet-ring cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine tumor, poorly differentiated malignancy, and NHL may be missed by crush cytology technique alone. A special stain for mucin can be used to identify the signet-ring cells in signet-ring cell carcinoma cases.
Spectrum of congenital and inherited ocular disorders seen in a genetic clinic: Experience of a developing ocular genetic service
Authors: Sahu Animesh , Kaur Savleen , Sukhija Jaspreet , Srivastava Priyanka , Kaur Anupriya 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
Hereditary causes are an important etiological category of childhood blindness. This study reports the real-world experience of a developing ocular genetic service.

Methods:
The study was carried out from Jan 2020 to Dec 2021 jointly by the Pediatric Genetic Clinic and the Department of Ophthalmology of a tertiary care hospital in North-West India. Children presenting to the genetic clinic with congenital or late-onset ocular disorder(s) and any individual (irrespective of age) suffering from an ophthalmic disorder and referred by an ophthalmologist for genetic counseling for himself/herself and/or his/her family member(s) were included. Genetic testing (exome sequencing/panel-based sequencing/chromosomal microarray) was outsourced to third-party laboratories with the cost of the test being borne by the patient.

Results:
Exactly 8.6% of the registered patients in the genetic clinic had ocular disorders. Maximum number of patients belonged to the category of anterior segment dysgenesis, followed by microphthalmia anophthalmia coloboma spectrum, lens disorders, and inherited retinal disorders in decreasing numbers. The ratio of syndromic ocular to isolated ocular disorders seen was 1.8:1. Genetic testing was accepted by 55.5% of families. The genetic testing was clinically useful for ~35% of the tested cohort, with the opportunity for prenatal diagnosis being the most useful application of genetic testing.

Conclusion:
Syndromic ocular disorders are seen at a higher frequency compared to isolated ocular disorders in a genetic clinic. Opportunity for prenatal diagnosis is the most useful application of genetic testing in ocular disorders.
Establishment of patient-derived xenografts of retinoblastoma and choroidal melanoma on the avian chorioallantoic membrane
Authors: Kant Nimita , Jayaraj Perumal , Sen Seema , Rupani Harshita , Kumar Pranavi , Dahiya Shefali , Chugh Palak , Gupta Muskaan , Sengar Manisha 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
To develop a viable in vivo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model to study the growth and invasion of patient-derived retinoblastoma (RB) and choroidal melanoma (CM) xenografts (PDXs). The study utilizes primary tumor samples instead of cancer cell lines, which provides a more authentic representation of tumors due to conserved morphology and heterogeneity.

Methods:
Fertilized chicken eggs were procured, windowed, and their CAM layers were dropped. On embryonic development day (EDD) 10, freshly cut patient-derived CM and RB tumors were implanted on the CAM layer and the setup was incubated for 7 days. The tumor-embedded CAM layer was harvested on EDD 17, and the extracted tumor samples were subjected to hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical analysis to evaluate the extent of tumor invasion.

Results:
Significant changes in the vascularity around the RB and CM PDXs were observed, indicating an angiogenic environment. The cross-sectional histological view of the tumor implant site revealed the invasion of both the tumors into the CAM mesoderm. Invasion of CM into CAM mesoderm was visualized in the form of pigmented nodules, and that of RB was indicated by synaptophysin and Ki-67 positivity in Immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Conclusion:
The CAM xenograft model was successfully able to support the growth of CM and RB PDXs and their invasion in CAM, thus presenting as a feasible alternative to mammalian models for studying tumorigenicity and invasiveness of ocular tumors. Moreover, this model can further be utilized to develop personalized medicine by inoculating patient-specific tumors for preclinical drug screening.
Virtual keratoconus monitoring clinic in a tertiary university hospital in the United Kingdom
Authors: Molero-Senosiain Mercedes , Houben Isabeau , Vali Yahya , Mistry Prashant , Savant Shalom , Savant Vijay 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
To describe a new pathway for virtual keratoconus (KC) monitoring in the corneal department of a tertiary referral center in the UK during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods:
A virtual outpatient clinic to monitor KC patients (KC PHOTO clinic) was created. All patients from the KC database in our department were included. At each hospital visit, patients’ visual acuity and tomography (Pentacam; Oculus, Wetzlar, Germany) were collected by a health-care assistant and an ophthalmic technician, respectively. The results were virtually reviewed by a corneal optometrist to identify stability or progression of KC and discussed with a consultant if needed. Those with progression were contacted by telephone and listed for corneal crosslinking (CXL).

Results:
From July 2020 until May 2021, 802 patients were invited to attend the virtual KC outpatient clinic. Of them, 536 patients (66.8%) attended and 266 (33.2%) did not attend. After corneal tomography analysis, 351 (65.5%) were stable, 121 (22.6%) showed no definite evidence of progression, and 64 (11.9%) showed progression. Forty-one (64%) patients with progressive KC were listed for CXL and the remaining 23 patients deferred treatment after the pandemic. By converting a face-to-face clinic to a virtual clinic, we were able to increase our capacity by nearly 500 appointments per year.

Conclusion:
In pandemic times, hospitals have developed novel methods of delivering safe patient care. KC PHOTO is a safe, effective, and innovative method of monitoring KC patients and diagnosing progression. In addition, virtual clinics can increase the clinic capacity tremendously and reduce the need of face-to-face appointments, which is beneficial in pandemic conditions.
Visual impairment and blindness due to retinitis pigmentosa in India: 15-year follow-up of the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study cohort
Authors: Parameswarappa Deepika C , Jalali Subhadra , Marmamula Srinivas , Natarajan Ramya , Mettla Asha L , Giridhar Pyda , Banerjee Seema , Shekhar Konegari , Chakrabarti Subhabrata , Khanna Rohit C 
Published: March 2023

Purpose:
To assess the incidence, visual impairment, and blindness due to retinitis pigmentosa (RP) in a rural southern Indian cohort.

Methods:
This is a population-based longitudinal cohort study of participants with RP from the Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study (APEDS) cohorts I and III, respectively. The study included participants with RP of APEDS I who were followed until APEDS III. Their demographic data along with ocular features, fundus photographs, and visual fields (Humphrey) were collected. Descriptive statistics using mean ± standard deviation with interquartile range (IQR) were calculated. The main outcome measures were RP incidence, visual impairment, and blindness as per the World Health Organization (WHO) definitions.

Results:
At baseline (APEDS I), 7771 participants residing in three rural areas were examined. There were nine participants with RP with a mean age at baseline of 47.33 ± 10.89 years (IQR: 39–55). There was a male preponderance (6:3), and the mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 18 eyes from nine participants with RP was 1.2 ± 0.72 logarithm of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR; IQR: 0.7–1.6). Over a mean follow-up duration of 15 years, 5395/7771 (69.4%) were re-examined, which included seven RP participants from APEDS 1. Additionally, two new participants with RP were identified; so, the overall incidence was 370/ million in 15 years (24.7/million per year). The mean BCVA of 14 eyes of seven participants with RP who were re-examined in APEDS III was 2.17 ± 0.56 logMAR (IQR: 1.8–2.6), and five of these seven participants with RP developed incident blindness during the follow-up period.

Conclusion:
RP is a prevalent disease in southern India that warrants appropriate strategies to prevent this condition.