bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterization of a novel hydrogel based on carboxymethyl chitosan/sodium alginate with the ability to release simvastatin for chronic wound healing
Authors: Karami Fatemeh , Saber-Samandari Saeed 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Since wound dressing has been considered a promising strategy to improve wound healing, recent attention has been focused on the development of modern wound dressings based on synthetic and bioactive polymers. In this study, we prepared a multifunctional wound dressing based on carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)/sodium alginate (Alg) hydrogel containing a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) in which simvastatin (SIM) has been encapsulated. This dressing aimed to act as a barrier against pathogens, eliminate excess exudates, and accelerate wound healing. Among various fabricated composites of dressing, the hydrogel composite with a CMC/sodium Alg ratio of 1:2 had an average pore size of about 98.44 ± 26.9 μm and showed 707 ± 31.9% swelling and a 2116 ± 79.2 g m−2 per day water vapor transfer rate (WVTR), demonstrating appropriate properties for absorbing exudates and maintaining wound moisture. The NLC with optimum composition and properties had a spherical shape and uniform particle size distribution (74.46 ± 7.9 nm). The prepared nanocomposite hydrogel displayed excellent antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as well as high biocompatibility on L929 mouse fibroblast cells. It can release the loaded SIM drug slowly and over a prolonged period of time. The highest drug release occurred (80%) within 14 d. The results showed that this novel nanocomposite could be a promising candidate as a wound dressing for treating various chronic wounds in skin tissues.
Unextendible product bases from tile structures in bipartite systems
Authors: You Siwen , Wang Chen , Shi Fei , Hu Sihuang , Zhang Yiwei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Unextendible product basis (UPB) is one of the most fundamental concepts in the field of quantum information theory, and its constructions attract much attention. Recently, Shi et al (2020 Phy. Rev. A
101 062329) constructed UPBs via a tile structure approach. They showed that a tile structure in an m × n grid with certain properties leads to explicit constructions of UPBs in

C

m

⊗

C

n

. The size of the UPB is

m
n
−
s
+
1

if the tile structure contains exactly s tiles. In this paper, we deeply analyze the extent of the tile structure approach, by showing that a desired tile structure in an m × m grid contains at most

⌊

m
2

4

⌋
+
m

tiles, and thus the smallest size of a UPB in

C

m

⊗

C

m

constructed by this approach is

m
2

−
⌊

m
2

4

⌋
−
m
+
1

. Such tile structures and UPBs are referred to as extremal tile structures and extremal UPBs. We provide algorithms both for constructing possible candidates of extremal tile structures and checking their validity. For applications, we connect the extremal UPBs to local irreducibility and bound entangled states with large ranks.
Weyl conjecture and thermal radiation of finite systems
Authors: Baldiotti M C , Jaraba M A , Santos L F , Molina C 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this work, corrections for the Weyl law and Weyl conjecture in d dimensions are obtained and effects related to the polarization and area term are analyzed. The derived formalism is applied on the quasithermodynamics of the electromagnetic field in a finite d-dimensional box within a semi-classical treatment. In this context, corrections to the Stefan–Boltzmann law are obtained. Special attention is given to the two-dimensional scenario, since it can be used in the characterization of experimental setups. Another application concerns acoustic perturbations in a quasithermodynamic generalization of Debye model for a finite solid in d dimensions. Extensions and corrections for known results and usual formulas, such as the Debye frequency and Dulong–Petit law, are calculated.
Study on the failure analysis of four metals for anaerobic fermentation reactor based on numerical simulation and electrochemical method
Authors: Wang Kun , Fu Chun , Chen Xu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The core problem of low energy consumption anaerobic fermentation reactor is that the reactor can make reasonable and effective use of energy from two aspects of quantity and quality, so as to ensure the anaerobic fermentation performance of the reactor and make it run efficiently and energy-saving. However, serious corrosion of metal for reactors was found during operation, and the selection of reactor materials became the key to restrict biogas production. In this paper, the corrosion characteristics of the four metals including Q235A steel, Q345A steel, 45# steel and 3Cr13 steel were determined by corrosion morphology, mechanical and electrochemical experiments. The results showed that the corrosion product particles of Q235A steel were polygonal, showing a good cross-linking feature, which was better than that of Q345A and 45# steels. However, there was no obvious boundary between corrosion product particles of 3Cr13 steel. The presence of Fe3C in the corrosion products of 3Cr13 steel and the observation of micro-cracks on the surface at nanometer scale indicated that the intergranular corrosion of 3Cr13 steel was dominated. For another aspect, with the increase of CO2 and CH4 content, the corrosion rate of the four metals was generally accelerated, in which the Q235A steel showed the best performance under different conditions. In addition, Q345A and 45# steels showed relatively good corrosion resistance, under which the total mole of mixed gas (CO2/H2O/CH4) was lowest.
Investigation on the multiple plies structure of aluminum-lithium alloy and glass fiber composite with respect to deformation failure
Authors: Qutaba Syed , Asmelash Mebrahitom , Azhari Azmir 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The deformation behavior and mechanical properties based on the aluminum-lithium alloys (FMLs) was investigated to optimize the manufacturing process and further interface interaction. The primary structures of the FML composites were made with two sets of plies. From there, six secondary composites with different fibre sheet orientations were made. Then, interlaminar tensile, flexural, and peeling properties of FMLs were tested. The fiber orientation role in the case of failure behaviors of FMLs under different conditions was also revealed. The results have indicated that the plies design significantly enhanced the interlaminar properties of the FMLs and orientation of fiber laying has significantly affected the flexural strength. The peeling test has shown higher fiber-to-metal interfacial bonding with the value of ≥80 N m−2 over metal-to-metal adhesion. The plies increase the mechanical properties of composite based at fiber orientation and thickness, but too much impairs performance. The 3/2 plies showed a value of ≤385 MPa, which has better results in axial structure analysis than over 4/2 composite layers. The peak values appeared under different parameters like adhesive bonding and parallel fiber orientation, represented in the qualitative analysis section. The surface microscopy of aluminum-lithium alloy sheet and cross-section failure morphology of composite has been done at a different sighting. Surface characterization, fiber orientation breakdown, and deformation morphology have been studied concerning alloys’ elongated grains and micro pits.
Numerical and experimental studies on the effectiveness of time-varying electromagnetic fields in reducing electron density
Authors: GUO Shaoshuai , XIE Kai , XU Han , FU Maixia , NIU Yingying 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
When an aircraft or a hypersonic vehicle re-enters the atmosphere, the plasma sheath generated can severely attenuate electromagnetic wave signals, causing the problem of communication blackout. A new method based on time-varying
E ×
B
fields is proposed to improve on the existing static
E ×
B
fields and mitigate the radio blackout problem. The use of the existing method is limited by the invalid electron density reduction resulting from current density j = 0 A m−2 in plasma beyond the Debye radius. The most remarkable feature is the introduction of a time-varying electric field to increase the current density in the plasma to overcome the Debye shielding effect on static electric field. Meanwhile, a magnetic field with the same frequency and phase as the electric field is applied to ensure that the electromagnetic force is always acting on the plasma in one direction. In order to investigate the effect of time-varying
E ×
B
fields on the plasma electron density distribution, two directions of voltage application are considered in numerical simulation. The simulation results indicate that different voltage application methods generate electromagnetic forces in different directions in the plasma, resulting in repulsion and vortex effects in the plasma. A comparison of the vortex effect and repulsion effect reveals that the vortex effect is better at reducing the electron density. The local plasma electron density can be reduced by more than 80% through the vortex effect, and the dimensions of the area of reduced electron density reach approximately 6 cm × 4 cm, meeting the requirements of electromagnetic wave propagation. Besides, the vortex effect of reducing the electron density in RAM-C (radio attenuation measurements for the study of communication blackout) reentry at an altitude of 40 km is analyzed. On the basis of the simulation results, an experiment based on a rectangular-window discharge device is proposed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the vortex effect. Experimental results show that time-varying
E ×
B
fields can reduce the electron density in plasma of 3 cm thickness by 80% at B = 0.07 T and U
0 = 1000 V. The investigations confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method in terms of reducing the required strength of the magnetic field and overcoming the Debye shielding effect. Additionally, the method is expected to provide a new way to apply a magnetic window in engineering applications.
Sulfonamide and tetracycline resistance genes in nanjing lakes: effect of water quality and heavy metals
Authors: Rajasekar Adharsh , Zhao Cailin , Norgbey Eyram , Murava Raphinos Tackmore 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Due to high population density, anthropogenic activities and waste disposal have negatively affected artificial lakes in residential areas. These artificial lakes lack the capacity for auto-depuration to remove pollutants and contaminants; thus, they have the potential to act as reservoirs for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). In this study, we examined three urban artificial freshwater lakes in Nanjing to determine the abundance of sulfonamide and tetracycline resistance genes. Concerning water quality, the three lakes were found to be highly eutrophic, owing to their high levels of Total Nitrogen (TN), Phosphorous (TP), and Chlorophyll a (Chla). The average abundance of sulfonamide resistance genes detected in the three urban lakes was 42.446 log10 gene copies/100 ml, which was lower than the average abundance of tetracycline resistance genes (68.207 log10 gene copies/100 ml). Analysis by ANOVA revealed that all ARGs, except sul3, showed significant differences, probably due to varied anthropogenic influences in lakes. Pearson correlation and principal component analyses were performed to explore the correlation between ARGs, water quality markers, and heavy metals to understand the co-selection and drivers of ARGs propagation. tetM showed no correlation with any water quality markers, whereas Chla showed a positive correlation with all ARGs except tetM. tetM was the only gene observed to be unaffected by TN, TP, and Chla. The tet genes also showed strong associations with each other except tetM, especially tetA, tetQ, and tetG. The co-selection results between heavy metals and ARGs were insignificant (p > 0.05), with tetM being the most sensitive to the effects of heavy metals and As having the strongest effect on sul3 and tet genes. The results from this study provide basic but archival information on the effect of eutrophication and heavy metals such as Arsenic, showing the potential influence on the dissemination of certain sulfonamide and tetracycline ARGs in freshwater environments.
The impact of onshore wind farms on ecological corridors in Ningbo, China
Authors: Guan Jinjin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Under the background of the energy transition, the ecosystems are threatened by the rapid expansion of renewable power plants, especially wind turbines with enormous sizes. While the potential ecological influence near wind farms has not been extensively studied. In the process of wind farm site selection, there is no uniform methodology to assess the ecological impact on the local ecosystem. This paper proposed a research framework to quantify the impacts on ecological corridors under the influence of wind farms. Taking five wind farms in Ningbo Peninsula as cases, the geographical data from Landsat 8, NDVI, DEM, and wind turbine data from Vortex were selected from 2010 to 2020. The ecological sources and resistance surfaces were analyzed with and without wind farms under least-cost distance and least-cost path models. The results revealed that wind farms could increase the migration resistance that prevents the species’ ecological corridors, and change the number and routes of main ecological corridors. Additionally, the cumulative resistance value positively correlated with the distance between ecological sources. Through GIS spatial quantification assessment, this paper helps balance wind energy development and regional ecological security and provides scientific and orderly planning suggestions for the healthy development of the regional ecological network.
Manufacturing of stereolithographic 3D printed boron nitride nanotube-reinforced ceramic composites with improved thermal and mechanical performance
Authors: Tank Mehul , Leon Ana De , Huang Wentao , Patadia Mitesh , Degraff Joshua , Sweat Rebekah 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) are the perfect candidate for nanofillers in high-temperature multifunctional ceramics due to their high thermal stability, oxidation resistance, good mechanical properties, high thermal conductivity, and radiation shielding. In this paper, 3D printed ceramic nanocomposite with 0.1 wt% of BNNT was prepared by fusing it at high temperatures. Samples were built with three different print directions to study the effect of print layers on mechanical performance along with BNNT addition. Dynamic mechanical analysis is performed to study the length effect of nanoscale reinforcements on the mechanical properties of the printed ceramic composites reporting significant improvements up to 55% in bending strength and 72% in bending modulus with just 0.1 wt% BNNT addition. A 63% thermal diffusivity improvement of ceramic by adding BNNTs is observed using laser flash analysis. The bridging and pull-out effect of nanotubes with a longer aspect ratio was observed with high-resolution microscopy. Such composites’ modeling and simulation approaches are crucial for virtual testing and industrial applications. Understanding the effect of nanoscale synthetic fillers for 3D printed high-temperature ceramics can revolutionize future extreme environment structures.
Real-time monitoring system for resistance spot welding quality
Authors: Wen Jing , Jia Hongde 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this study, a stable real-time monitoring system was established to monitor electrical and mechanical signals during resistance spot welding process. The sudden decrease of electrode voltage signal, the fluctuation of dynamic electrode force and the obvious decline of dynamic resistance could be used for recognizing expulsion phenomena during resistance spot welding which would reduce welding quality and should be avoided as much as possible. In order to research the welding quality estimation methods, four estimation models were built based on regression analysis and back-propagation neural network. The results showed that the estimation accuracy of back-propagation neural network was higher than the model of regression analysis, and the characteristic values of dynamic signals during resistance spot welding process could improve the estimation accuracy significantly.
Bounded rationality and animal spirits: a fluctuation-response approach to Slutsky matrices
Authors: Garnier-Brun Jérôme , Bouchaud Jean-Philippe , Benzaquen Michael 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The Slutsky equation, central in consumer choice theory, is derived from the usual hypotheses underlying most standard models in Economics, such as full rationality, homogeneity, and absence of interactions. We present a statistical physics framework that allows us to relax such assumptions. We first derive a general fluctuation-response formula that relates the Slutsky matrix to spontaneous fluctuations of consumption rather than to response to changing prices and budget. We then show that, within our hypotheses, the symmetry of the Slutsky matrix remains valid even when agents are only boundedly rational but non-interacting. We finally propose an ‘animal spirit’ model where agents are influenced by the choice of others, leading to a phase transition beyond which consumption is dominated by herding (or ‘fashion’) effects. In this case, the individual Slutsky matrix is no longer symmetric, even for fully rational agents. The vicinity of the transition features a peak in asymmetry.
Large enhancement of thermal conductivity of aluminum-reduced graphene oxide composites prepared by a single-step method
Authors: Mitra Arijit , Sahoo Mihir Ranjan , Samal Aiswarya , Pradhan Sunil Kumar , Polai Balaram , Sahoo Krishna Rani , Kar Subrat , Satpathy Bijoy Kumar , Narayanan Tharangattu N , Ajayan Pulickel M , Satyam Parlapalli V , Nayak Saroj K 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMetal matrix composites have attracted extensive attention from both the research and industrial perspective. In this study, we prepared aluminum-reduced graphene oxide (Al–rGO) composites with enhanced thermal conductivity in an easy single-step process. Pristine Al shows a thermal conductivity of 175 Wm−1K−1 (standard deviation &lt;5%), which increases to 293 Wm−1K−1 for an Al–rGO composite with 1% rGO. Analysis of theoretical models shows that a higher percentage of rGO inside the Al matrix creates a continuous network resulting in more available phase space through which heat carrier phonons travel with less scattering, and hence thermal conductivity of the composite increases. Furthermore, Al–rGO composites show an ∼5% increase in microhardness compared with pristine Al. The electrical resistivity of the composite is comparable to that of pristine Al for a narrow weight percentage of rGO, whereas a 70% enhancement in the thermal conductivity of the composite is observed for the same weight percentage range, suggesting possibilities for exploiting both high electrical and thermal conductivities for various applications.
Analgesic Effects of Preoperative Combination of Oral Pregabalin and Intravenous Magnesium Sulfate on Postoperative Pain in Patients Undergoing Posterolateral Spinal Fusion Surgery: A 4-arm, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial
Authors: Tavanaei Roozbeh , Rezaee-Naserabad Seyyed S. , Alizadeh Sajjad , Yazdani Kaveh O. , Zali Alireza , Farsani Hamidreza A. , Oraee-Yazdani Saeed 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Multimodal perioperative pain management including nonopioid analgesia is a major pillar of enhanced recovery after surgery programs. The aim of this study was to investigate the analgesic efficacy of the preoperative combination of 2 nonopioid drugs, oral pregabalin and intravenous magnesium sulfate, in patients undergoing posterolateral lumbar spinal fusion.

Methods:
This 4-arm, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial included 104 patients randomly allocated to receive: magnesium sulfate and pregabalin (MP), magnesium sulfate and oral placebo (M), 0.9% saline and oral pregabalin (P), and 0.9% saline and oral placebo (C). The study drugs were administered 1 hour preoperatively. The primary outcome was the cumulative morphine consumption on postoperative day 1. Secondary outcomes included visual analog scale scores for leg pain at rest and with movement, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in the first 48 hours after surgery.

Results:
Cumulative morphine consumption on postoperative day 1 was lower in group MP (19.6±8.0 mg) compared with group M (32.6±9.5 mg; P<0.001), group P (28.9±9.4 mg; P=0.001), or group C (38.8±10.3 mg; P<0.001). Multiple linear regression demonstrated a significant association between group MP and cumulative morphine consumption (B=−5.4 [95% CI, −7.1, −3.7], P<0.001). Visual analog scale scores for leg pain at rest and with movement were lower in group MP compared with other groups (P=0.006 and <0.001). The incidence of PONV was also lowest in group MP (P=0.032).

Conclusions:
Preoperative administration of oral pregabalin and intravenous magnesium sulfate resulted in reduced morphine consumption and greater analgesic effect than the use of each drug individually or placebo in patients undergoing posterolateral lumbar spinal fusion.
Racial and Ethnic Composition of Neonatal Nurse Practitioner Faculty and Students in the United States
Authors: Newberry Desi M. , Bell Tracey 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Neonatal nurse practitioners have a strong presence in the neonatal intensive care unit and are primed to lead efforts to induce change related to health disparities. Underrepresented minority nurse practitioners offer valuable perspectives in the care of underrepresented minority patients. However, there remains a current racial and ethnic discordance between neonatal providers and patients. Efforts to eliminate health disparities must begin before nursing school. The current racial and ethnic composition of neonatal nurse practitioner faculty in comparison to students in the United States is unknown.

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to determine the racial and ethnic composition of neonatal nurse practitioner faculty and students in the United States and contrast this data with available data for the racial and ethnic composition of the neonatal intensive care unit patient population.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study used a nonexperimental survey to describe the racial and ethnic composition of neonatal nurse practitioner faculty and students in the United States.

Results:
There was no significant difference in the racial and ethnic composition between neonatal nurse practitioner faculty and students. There were significant differences for all race distributions between neonatal nurse practitioner students and neonatal intensive care unit admissions.

Implications for Practice and Research:
The discordance between neonatal nurse practitioner students and neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit is important in addressing disparities and begins before nursing school. Identification of barriers and strategies for recruitment and retention of underrepresented minority nursing students and faculty is needed.

Video abstract available at:

https://journals.lww.com/advancesinneonatalcare/pages/video.aspx?v=62