bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Placental inflammation and overweight or obesity in term singleton stillbirths in Stockholm County 2002–2018; a case control study
Authors: Åmark Hanna , Säker Lottie , Papadogianakis Nikos 
Published: April 2023

Introduction
Stillbirth is a severe pregnancy complication. Maternal obesity is one of the most important modifiable risk factors of stillbirth, yet the biological mechanisms behind this association remain unclear. The adipose tissue is an endocrine organ which, in persons with obesity, causes a hyperinflammatory state. The aim of this study was to investigate inflammation as a contributing mechanism to the risk of stillbirth in women with obesity and if there are possible signs of different BMI phenotypes with different risk.

Material and methods
This was a case control study based on all cases of term singleton stillbirth without major fetal malformation in Stockholm County between 2002–2018. Placentas have been examined according to a standardized protocol. Placental inflammatory lesions were compared both between placentas from pregnancies with live born and stillborn infants with different class of body mass index (BMI) as well as among women with stillborn and live born infants with different classes of BMI, respectively.

Results
All inflammatory placental lesions were more common in placentas from women with stillbirth compared to placentas from women with live born infants. Vasculitis, funisitis and chronic villitis as well as overall fetal and maternal inflammatory response were present with a significantly increased proportion with increasing BMI in placentas from women with term stillbirth however, there were no differences between placentas from women in different BMI classes with term live born infants.

Conclusion
Both acute and chronic inflammatory placental lesions were more common in cases of stillbirth compared to pregnancies with live born infants. There were increased proportions of both acute and chronic placental inflammation (vasculitis, chronic villitis, funisitis and overall fetal and maternal inflammatory response) with increasing BMI among cases with term stillbirth, however no differences among controls with term live born infants.
Tacrolimus for the Management of Delayed Onset and Treatment-Refractory Immune-Related Hepatitis
Authors: Ea Vinny , Ngu Natalie L.Y. , Kua Hock W. , Mishra Gauri 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as pembrolizumab, are effective in the management of metastatic malignancies, such as melanoma, and are associated with a spectrum of immune-related organ toxicities, including immune-related hepatitis (ir-hepatitis). The clinical presentation of ir-hepatitis varies in onset and severity, and management involves immunosuppression with corticosteroids and mycophenolate mofetil as first and second-line agents. Several agents have been proposed as third-line options for treatment-refractory disease. We report the successful use of tacrolimus for delayed onset and treatment-refractory ir-hepatitis secondary to pembrolizumab.
Pancreatic Malakoplakia: A Rare Pathology Associated With Acute Pancreatitis
Authors: Afzal Rao Mujtaba , Rangaswamy Balasubramanya , Landau Michael , John Ivy , Singh Harkirat , Phillips Anna Evans 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Malakoplakia is a rare granulomatous tumor-like inflammatory condition, most frequently involving the genitourinary system and occurring in immunosuppressed patients. The gastrointestinal tract is the second most common site, where it is usually seen involving the colon. We report a case of malakoplakia presenting as a pancreatic mass. Imaging showed soft tissue along the pancreatic tail/greater curvature concerning for infiltrating tumor, but endoscopic ultrasound with biopsy showed malakoplakia. Our case discusses malakoplakia at an uncommon site, which was appropriately treated with antibiotics.
La infancia enajenada: niñas y adolescentes extranjeras víctimas de la trata con fines de explotación sexual
Authors: Torrado Martín-Palomino Esther , Ceballos-Vacas Esperanza-María 
Published: April 2023

Se aborda la situación de las menores solas o mal acompañadas en las fronteras europeas desde la perspectiva de género y de derechos humanos. Las niñas y adolescentes en situación de vulnerabilidad familiar, social y política constituyen en la actualidad el batallón más demandado y lucrativo para las redes criminales de trata con fines de explotación sexual.
Estas redes operan con las niñas y adolescentes como si fueran una mercancía o un patrimonio enajenado susceptible de ser cedido, intercambiado y traspasado entre fronteras con el fin de obtener el máximo beneficio de su explotación.
En este artículo se revisan algunas de las principales teorías migratorias con perspectiva de género. También se aportan datos de informes internacionales recientes, mostrando las dificultades de detección y protección de las víctimas también en España. Todo ello ayuda a comprender la violencia sexual ejercida contra las niñas y adolescentes migrantes de origen extranjero en el marco general de las migraciones forzosas internacionales.
The Deterministic Positivist Epistemological Approach: An Investigation of the Strategies Used by Banking Executives to Improve Employee Retention
Authors: ElAlam Younes , Belkasseh Mohammed 
Published: April 2023

Theory-practice gap speculations are not the only focus of design research. Significant questions about the role of the character of research are also raised by research design. Despite the limitations of this work, it is nonetheless helpful to have a high-level understanding of the key characteristics shared by the three epistemological approaches: the subjectivist, constructivist, and objectivist schools of thought. Considering the existing literature in the topic, these primary epistemological stances that have influenced theories of research design are discussed and analyzed. The purpose of this paper is not to provide a definitive answer based on statistical analysis, but rather to delve into the nuances of the topic at hand. At the end of the paper, we discuss and argue why and how we chose a deterministic positivist epistemological approach to investigate the strategies used by banking executives to improve employee retention: First, we will illustrate that the topic under study does not fit within the constructivist interpretative framework. Then, we will develop key ideas from the research that will form the backbone of the positivist model. We conclude by outlining our plan for an empiricist verification technique and defending its inception from a positivist perspective.
The Impact of Refugee Settlement on Landscape and Green Environment in Yumbe District West Nile Sub Region, Uganda
Authors: Geofrey Kizito , Tumwine Fredrick Ruguma 
Published: April 2023

Uganda continues to experience high-refugee population influx that is beyond the established settlement capacities. The large and protract influx of migration and displaced persons in various hosting regions in Uganda is said to have brought about severe and continuous disappearance of vegetation cover in the host country leading to climate change related issues and their irreversible effects. In places where resources are already stretched thin, friction between refugees and host-community nationals has emerged over land usage, access to employment and government services, and environmental degradation particularly in settlement camps. Little information is available on the present and past impacts of settling refugees and host-communities on land use changes, vegetation changes and degradation. This study used (Arc map 10.8 software) to determine the current and past spatial areal-extent of changes from 2010-2020, to suggest possible measures to restore the degraded environment. Findings revealed a rarefied increase in areas under subsistence-farming and built-ups while the losses were seen in savannah-grasslands and woodlands. In 2020, the most significant increases in the land were experienced in built-up-areas and farming. The most degraded vegetation types were savannah-grassland and woodlands. These were primarily attributed to unending activities of deforestation, bush-burning, high-refugee population, land-conflicts with host-communities. Thus, unless sustainable farming and energy-saving practices are promoted and adopted, adopting controlled bush burning the landscape is likely to remain not even with remnants of green-cover. There is a need to promote a shift from use of non-renewable energy sources like charcoal to renewable and environmentally friendly energy sources like biogas, use of briquettes which are relatively cheaper and affordable by the majority and have the potential to effectively substitute wood and charcoal that have massively led to deforestation and its effects.
Application of isolation technology in shallow super-large comprehensive pipe galleries in seismically vulnerable areas with weak soils
Authors: Ma Jianfei , Cui Guangyao , He Shaohui , Liu Xiabing 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Shallow urban tunnels with super-large sections in weak soils may experience much more devastating seismic hazards than conventionally deep tunnels in seismically vulnerable areas. This study investigates the seismic response and isolation technology for the largest comprehensive urban pipe gallery in the Xiong’an New Area, Hebei Province, China, using seismic simulation. First, the engineering background, static-seismic model, dynamic motions, and measuring points of the numerical simulation are introduced. Then, using the finite difference method to explore seismic behaviors of the super-large comprehensive urban pipe gallery under strong earthquake excitations are explored. The indexes including the deformation, the stress, the internal force, and the safety factor of segments are analyzed. Meanwhile, the aseismic effects of three proposed isolation schemes (namely, the cushion scheme, the partial buffer layer, and the integral buffer layer), which are proposed to be employed in the super-large comprehensive urban pipe gallery, are explored comparatively. The result shows that the integral buffer layer presents the most dramatic seismic isolation effect (97.85%), followed by the partial buffer layer (22.58%), and the cushion (15.07%). The integral buffer layer scheme is recommended to be employed in the seismic design for the present super-large pipe gallery. These conclusions can give scientific guidance for the seismic design of the super-large urban tunnels.
Assessment of WHO 07/202 reference material and human serum pools for commutability and for the potential to reduce variability among soluble transferrin receptor assays
Authors: Lyle Alicia N. , Budd Jeffrey R. , Kennerley Victoria M. , Smith Bianca N. , Danilenko Uliana , Pfeiffer Christine M. , Vesper Hubert W. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Objectives
The clinical use of soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) as an iron status indicator is hindered by a lack of assay standardization and common reference ranges and decision thresholds. In 2009, the WHO and National Institute for Biological Standards and Controls (NIBSC) released a sTfR reference material (RM), 07/202, for assay standardization; however, a comprehensive, formal commutability study was not conducted.

Methods
This study evaluated the commutability of WHO 07/202 sTfR RM and human serum pools and the impacts of their use as common calibrators. Commutability was assessed for six different measurement procedures (MPs). Serum pools were prepared according to updated CLSI C37-A procedures (C37) or non-C37 procedures. The study design and analyses were based on Parts 2 and 3 of the 2018 IFCC Commutability in Metrological Traceability Working Group’s Recommendations for Commutability Assessment. WHO 07/202 and serum pools were used for instrument/assay and mathematical recalibration, respectively, to determine if their use decreases inter-assay measurement variability for clinical samples.

Results
The WHO 07/202 RM dilutions were commutable for all 6 MPs assessed and, when used for instrument calibration, decreased inter-assay variability from 208 to 55.7 %. Non-C37 and C37 serum pools were commutable for all 6 MPs assessed and decreased inter-assay variability from 208 to 13.8 % and 4.6 %, respectively, when used for mathematical recalibration.

Conclusions
All materials evaluated, when used as common calibrators, substantially decreased inter-assay sTfR measurement variability. MP calibration to non-C37 and C37 serum pools may reduce the sTfR IMPBR to a greater extent than WHO 07/202 RM.
IUPAC´s Role in UN Panel on Chemicals, Waste, and Pollution Prevention
Authors: Martínez Javier García 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The United Nations Environment Assembly (UNEA), in its Resolution 5/8, decided on the creation of the Intergovernmental Panel on Chemicals, Waste, and Pollution Prevention (IPCP) [1]. This resolution stated that a science-policy panel should be established to contribute further to the sound management of chemicals and waste, prevent pollution, and to convene—subject to the availability of resources—an ad hoc Open-Ended Working Group (OEWG). The OEWG started its work in 2022, with the ambition of completing it by the end of 2024 [2]. The next steps for this OEWG include the establishment of the panel, the selection of panel members, and the development of the assessment process. The panel members will be selected based on their expertise in the field of chemical pollution and their ability to provide a balanced and objective assessment of the state of chemical pollution. The assessment process will include a comprehensive review of the scientific literature, as well as input from stakeholders.
Alessandro Volta: Still Fully Charged After 200 Years
Authors: Borsacchi S. , Guidotti M. , Sanson A. , Minguzzi A. , Pozzi A. , Paci A. M. , Kerton F. , Peruzzini M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In the framework of the International Year of Basic Sciences for Sustainable Development (UNESCO IYBSSD July 2022—2023), the Italian IUPAC NAO organized an open and educational event titled Alessandro Volta’s heritage and electrochemistry to respond to the great challenges of the future. Designed to highlight the role of chemistry as a fundamental science to respond to big challenges, the day event was organized in collaboration with two important scientific Italian institutions including the Italian National Research Council (CNR) and the University of Insubria, with the support of IUPAC and its Committee on CHEMical Research Applied to World Needs (CHEMRAWN) (IUPAC project #2022-018-1-021), and in collaboration with the International Science Council.
Quality of oil extracted by cold press from Nigella sativa seeds incorporated with rosemary extracts and pretreated by microwaves
Authors: Ashrafi Ali , Azadmard-Damirchi Sodeif , Hesari Javad 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Black cumin (Nigella sativa) seed (BS) oil has high a peroxide value (PV) and acid value (AV). In this study, BS was incorporated with different levels of rosemary extracts as a natural antioxidant source before and after pretreatment by microwaves. Based on the oil extraction yield (33%), PV (8.4 meq O2 per kg oil), and AV (3.2 mg KOH per gram oil), the optimum condition was determined as microwave radiation for 120 s and, after that, moisturizing by the extract at 4% level. AV and PV were lower, and chlorophylls, carotenoids, polyphenols, thymoquinone, and tocopherols content were higher in oil extracted from pretreated BS than oil extracted from control BS. Reduction and loss of bioactive components occurred in oil samples during the 120 days of storage; however, it was higher in the control sample. There were no significant differences (p < 0.05) in the fatty acid composition of oil samples; however, oxidation and reduction of linoleic acid in the control oil sample were higher (4.2%) than the oil extracted from pretreated BS (2.5%). In conclusion, the oil extracted from the pretreated BS had higher oil extraction yield, high bioactive components, and stability; therefore, microwave radiation and incorporation of rosemary extract before oil extraction from BS is suggested.
Modulation of macrophage polarization by iron-based nanoparticles
Authors: Ding He , Zhang Yuxin , Mao Yu , Li Yan , Shen Yan , Sheng Jingyi , Gu Ning 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Macrophage polarization is an essential process involved in immune regulation. In response to different microenvironmental stimulation, macrophages polarize into cells with different phenotypes and functions, most typically M1 (pro-inflammatory) and M2 (anti-inflammatory) macrophages. Iron-based nanoparticles have been widely explored and reported to regulate macrophage polarization for various biomedical applications. However, the influence factors and modulation mechanisms behind are complicated and not clear. In this review, we systemically summarized different iron-based nanoparticles that regulate macrophage polarization and function and discussed the influence factors and mechanisms underlying the modulation process. This review aims to deepen the understanding of the modulation of macrophage polarization by iron-based nanoparticles and expects to provide evidence and guidance for subsequent design and application of iron-based nanoparticles with specific macrophage modulation functions.
Dielectric properties of a ready-to-use therapeutic food material composed of lipids
Authors: Abdul Halim Suhaila Idayu , Ahmad Tarmizi Amirah Amalina , Eudier Hubert , Dehont Laura , Bohin Maxime , Saiter Jean Marc , Chan Chin Han 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Lipids in the Ready-to-use Therapeutic Food (RUTF) comprise various types of triglycerides such as palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids. Dynamic studies of the dielectric properties such as impedance, permittivity and loss tangent of the triglycerides at different temperatures ranging from 25 to −30 °C and frequencies from 10−2 Hz to 5 × 106 Hz were performed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The outcomes of EIS were associated together with the analysis of Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in order to analyse the dielectric signals obtained. As expected, FTIR results suggest the presence of saturated and unsaturated triglycerides of the palmitic, oleic and linoleic acids. Besides, there are absorbance bands of functional groups that reflect the presence of proteins. The dielectric relaxation and dielectric constant were evaluated from the impedance and permittivity spectra, respectively. The results imply the RUTF possesses long-range motion of dipoles against lower temperatures. The phase transitions observed in RUTF as indicated by the DSC cooling curve (crystallization), lead to the shifting of dielectric properties in impedance and permittivity.
Integrasi Model: Uji Empiris Keberhasilan Perdagangan Elektronik Berbasis Individu (C2C E-Commerce)
Authors: Susanto Aries , Aini Qurrotul , Fitriyani Aida 
Published: April 2023

Perdagangan elektronik berbasis individu (C2C e-commerce) meningkat secara signifikan, di mana keberhasilan sistem informasi dipengaruhi faktor dan kondisi seperti keyakinan, sikap dan perilaku. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji empiris faktor yang memengaruhi keberhasilan sistem informasi C2C e-commerce dengan model integrasi. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan random sampling pada individu pengguna website Kaskus. Adapun pengumpulan data dengan penyebaran kuesioner secara online. Model usulan pengukuran yang digunakan adalah integrasi model keberhasilan sistem informasi DeLone & McLean, dengan penambahan variabel trust dan loyalty dengan 11 hipotesis penelitian. Hasil penelitian ini adalah 8 hipotesis terbukti signifikan dan 3 hipotesis tidak signifikan (kualitas sistem terhadap kepercayaan, kualitas informasi terhadap kepuasan, dan kualitas layanan terhadap kepercayaan), dimana uji path coefficient di bawah 0,1. Integrasi model keberhasilan penerapan SI DeLone and McLean, kepercayaan, dan loyalitas dapat menjadi model acuan yang layak digunakan sebagai kerangka pengukuran penggunaan suatu sistem berbasis teknologi seperti perdagangan elektronik.
The Effect of Parental Rejection on Children’s Personality Depicted in The Willoughbys (2020)
Authors: Safitri Dian Ari , Agustina Mia Fitria , Trisnawati Ririn Kurnia 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis current study aimed to analyze the effect of parental rejection on children in The Willoughbys (2020) movie. The focus of discussion in this study was centered on the first child of the Willoughbys family, namely Tim Willoughby. MethodThe method used to help analyze the data is a qualitative method. The data are taken from pictures and dialogues from the movies. Through the psychological approach, this study implemented Parental-Rejection Theory (PARTheory) to help analyze the effect of parental rejection presented in the movie. Results/findingsThe study showed that parental rejection affects children socially and emotionally. It influenced some aspects of children’s life. Tim Willoughby suggested that parental rejection affected his perspective of the world, his dependency level, his relationship with others, and also his mental state. ConclusionThe study concluded that the consequences of parental rejection contain features that can have the potential to last for a long time. Therefore, this study suggests that parents must take into consideration of their words as well as actions toward their children. They also have to pay close attention to their children’s development so that they can intervene if children show any symptoms that indicate problems.
Large-Scale Social Collaboration Policy in the Food Sector in DKI Jakarta: A Socio-Cultural Perspective
Authors: Matali Marullah , Syafri Wirman , Suradinata Ermaya , Achmad Mansyur 
Published: April 2023

PurposeThis research aims to reveal the implementation of Large-Scale Social Collaboration (LSSC) policy in the food sector in DKI Jakarta, especially during the Covid-19 pandemic seen from the socio-cultural perspective to produce a solution policy model. MethodsThe study employed a qualitative approach with a descriptive research design as it tried to elaborate how the society perceived LSCC policy during the Covid-19 pandemic. The data of this research is the LSSC policy issued by DKI Jakarta Provincial Government, and the society's perception and opinions sourced from aggregators, collaborators, and beneficiary communities. The data was got by conducting a review on LSSC policy, interview, and observation of the policy implementation process. FindingsThe study reveals the government of DKI Jakarta has implemented LSSC policy in the food sector during the Covid-19 pandemic well. However, there were several shortcomings must be improved, including data synchronization, socialization, and limited regulations by introducing two policy models, namely IEFFB and MATALI. IEFFB stands for improving DKI Jakarta's food security, ensuring people's food needs, fostering a sense of togetherness and care, forming a collaborative system between the government, private sector and the community to overcome common problems, and becoming a policy role model for other regions. MATALI that stands for motivation, actualization, trust, ability, leadership; and innovation is six important aspects of implementing the LSSC food sector policy. ConclusionThe study concludes that implementing LSSC policy in the food sector in DKI Jakarta still needs a serious improvement as a new policy solution for LSSC after Covid-19 pandemic.