bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Likely pathogenic variant in the BICD2 gene in fetus presenting with non‐immune hydrops
Authors: Chandler Natalie , Brace Poppy , Roberts Rowenna , Mellis Rhiannon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTrio exome sequencing was performed on a fetus presenting with severe hydrops fetalis at 21 + 0 weeks gestation. A novel de novo BICD2 missense variant was identified in the fetus. Pathogenic variants in the BICD2 gene are associated with lower extremity‐predominant spinal muscular atrophy. The variant was initially classified as a variant of uncertain clinical significance (VUS) as at the time of analysis and initial report, pathogenic variants in the BICD2 gene specifically had not been associated with fetal hydrops and no other abnormalities had been detected. It was agreed in multidisciplinary team discussions to include the variant in the report as a VUS recommending phenotypic follow‐up. The pregnancy was terminated and post‐mortem findings were in keeping with a BICD2‐pathogenic variant. In addition, a paper was published reporting another case with a pathogenic BICD2 variant presenting with fetal hydrops. The variant classification was then upgraded to class 4 likely pathogenic and reported as consistent with the diagnosis. This case demonstrates the importance of reporting these new gene/phenotypes in enabling others in the classification of variants, staying up‐to‐date with literature and following up phenotype for class 3 variants of interest.
Steno‐sphere: Navigating the enigmatic world of emerging multidrug‐resistantStenotrophomonas maltophilia
Authors: Kunz Coyne Ashlan J. , Herbin Shelbye , Caniff Kaylee , Rybak Michael J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic pathogen and frequent cause of serious nosocomial infections. Patient populations at greatest risk for these infections include the immunocompromised and those with chronic respiratory illnesses and prior antibiotic exposure, notably to carbapenems. Its complex virulence and resistance profile drastically limit available antibiotics, and incomplete breakpoint and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) data to inform dose optimization further complicates therapeutic approaches. Clinical comparison data of first‐line agents, including trimethoprim‐sulfamethoxazole (TMP‐SMX), quinolones, and minocycline, are limited to conflicting observational data with no clear benefit of a single agent or combination therapy. Newer antibiotic approaches, including cefiderocol and aztreonam‐ avibactam, are promising alternatives for extensively drug‐resistant isolates; however, clinical outcomes data are needed. The potential clinical utility of bacteriophage for compassionate use in treating S. maltophilia infections remains to be determined since data is limited to in‐vitro and sparse in‐vivo work. This article provides a review of available literature for S. maltophilia infection management focused on related epidemiology, resistance mechanisms, identification, susceptibility testing, antimicrobial PK/PD, and emerging therapeutic strategies.
Performance evaluation of procedures used to correct measured I‐V characteristics of photovoltaic modules for temperature and irradiance
Authors: Xu Wenhao , Monokroussos Christos , Müllejans Harald , Herrmann Werner 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIEC 60891 ed.3 published in 2021 has defined four standard I‐V characteristics correction procedures numbered 1 through 4. The aim of this work is to evaluate these four I‐V translation methods. The results show that correction procedure 1 (CP1) and 2 (CP2) work well over a broad range of irradiances and temperatures. However, CP1 requires I‐V curves being measured adequately down to negative current regime at low‐irradiance levels and CP2 is not so suitable for low shunt‐resistance modules; both also require a set of correction parameters. Based on our performance analysis, a new method based on CP2 is introduced to improve the correction performance for low shunt‐resistance modules; the mean bias error (MBE) value of maximum power (PMAX) improved from −10.26% to −1.32%. Correction procedure 3 (CP3) employs a drastically different correction procedure as compared with the other CPs. This work shows that CP3 works well over a broad range of irradiances and temperatures, but significant distortion of the corrected I‐V curves may occur when extrapolation is required. Correction procedure 4 (CP4) requires only a single I‐V curve and shows generally good results in short‐circuit current (ISC) but worse agreement in open‐circuit voltage (VOC) and PMAX.
Self‐assembly of plasmonic nanoparticles on optical fiber end face
Authors: Kularia Muskan , Aftenieva Olha , Sarkar Swagato , Steiner Anja M. , Gupta Vaibhav , Fery Andreas , Joseph Joby , Schmidt Markus A. , König Tobias A. F. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDue to low losses, optical fibers are excellent optical waveguides, but manipulating the wavefront below the diffraction limit while keeping fabrication costs down is a significant challenge. Top‐down lithographic methods can create arbitrary nanostructures on the fiber end face to manipulate the wavefront. Still, this method requires a flat fiber end face, which can only be made using elaborate preparation processes. We present a facile coating method in which we transfer a hexagonally packed monolayer of gold nanoparticles onto an untreated fiber end face. Using a poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) particle coating, we could transfer the free‐floating monolayer from a water‐air interface to the fiber end face. Our self‐assembly method enables plasmonic gratings on rough surfaces and objects with large aspect ratios, which have been challenging for existing nanofabrication methods. Using electromagnetic simulation, we demonstrate the performance and utility of the concept as a refractive index sensor in which we consider different lattice constants. Our simulations cover possible analyses by calculating the structure under air, water, and polymer environments. Thus, we study the potential applications of low‐cost fiber‐based sensors with low optical losses.
Development of biomass‐based slurry for the manufacture of furan/cellulose composite by cast molding and 3D printing
Authors: Bouzidi Khaoula , Chaussy Didier , Gandini Alessandro , Bongiovanni Roberta , Beneventi Davide 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study aims to develop a green composite based on two biomass‐based components via the curing of an oligomeric furfuryl resin coupled with 18–31 wt% cellulose powder. The curing was performed in an atmospheric pressure open air oven. The chemical composition of the used pre‐polymer was characterized with Fourier transform infrared and NMR spectroscopy and its curing reaction was followed by differential scanning calorimetry. The final cured composites were characterized to investigate the effect of cellulose addition on their morphology, dimensional stability, and thermo‐mechanical performances. The manufactured composite showed good thermal stability up to 200°C with a storage modulus higher than 2 GPa, and a mass loss under 3%. Moreover, the filler improved the composite dimensional stability upon crosslinking by 38% and the mechanical performances with respectively 15% and 40% increase in the Young's and flexural moduli. By the same token, cellulose prevented the typical foaming of poly(furfuryl alcohol) resins crosslinked at high temperature and low pressure. Preliminary tests highlighted the excellent processability of the developed composite, which was used to manufacture a static demonstrator coupling different fabrication techniques, that is, 3D printing (direct ink writing), high temperature compression molding and CNC machining.
Nontarget‐site resistance due to rapid physiological response in 2,4‐D resistant Conyza sumatrensis: reduced 2,4‐D translocation and auxin‐induced gene expression
Authors: Souza Amanda dos Santos , Leal Jessica Ferreira Lourenço , Montgomery Jacob Samuel , Ortiz Mirella Farinelli , Simões Araujo André Lucas , Morran Sarah , de Figueiredo Marcelo Rodrigues Alves , Langaro Ana Claudia , Zobiole Luiz Henrique Saes , Nissen Scott Jay , Gaines Todd Adam , de Pinho Camila Ferreira 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundResistance to 2,4‐Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4‐D) has been reported in several weed species since the 1950s; however, a biotype of Conyza sumatrensis showing a novel physiology of the rapid response minutes after herbicide application was reported in 2017. The objective of this research was to investigate the mechanisms of resistance and identify transcripts associated with the rapid physiological response of C. sumatrensis to 2,4‐D herbicide.ResultsDifferences were found in 2,4‐D absorption between the resistant and susceptible biotypes. Herbicide translocation was reduced in the resistant biotype compared to the susceptible. In resistant plants 98.8% of [14C] 2,4‐D was found in the treated leaf, whereas ≈13% translocated to other plant parts in the susceptible biotype at 96 h after treatment. Resistant plants did not metabolize [14C] 2,4‐D and had only intact [14C] 2,4‐D at 96 h after application, whereas susceptible plants metabolized [14C] 2,4‐D into four detected metabolites, consistent with reversible conjugation metabolites found in other 2,4‐D sensitive plant species. Pre‐treatment with the cytochrome P450 inhibitor malathion did not enhance 2,4‐D sensitivity in either biotype. Following treatment with 2,4‐D, resistant plants showed increased expression of transcripts within plant defense response and hypersensitivity pathways, whereas both sensitive and resistant plants showed increased expression of auxin‐response transcripts.ConclusionOur results demonstrate that reduced 2,4‐D translocation contributes to resistance in the C. sumatrensis biotype. The reduction in 2,4‐D transport is likely to be a consequence of the rapid physiological response to 2,4‐D in resistant C. sumatrensis. Resistant plants had increased expression of auxin‐responsive transcripts, indicating that a target‐site mechanism is unlikely. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
A UV‐Reflective Organic–Inorganic Tandem Structure for Efficient and Durable Daytime Radiative Cooling in Harsh Climates
Authors: Li Meng , Lin Chongjia , Li Keqiao , Ma Wei , Dopphoopha Benjamin , Li Yang , Huang Baoling 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRadiative cooling shows great promise in eco‐friendly space cooling due to its zero‐energy consumption. For subambient cooling in hot humid subtropical/tropical climates, achieving ultrahigh solar reflectance (≥96%), durable ultraviolet (UV) resistance, and surface superhydrophobicity simultaneously is critical, which, however, is challenging for most state‐of‐the‐art scalable polymer‐based coolers. Here an organic–inorganic tandem structure is reported to address this challenge, which comprises a bottom high‐refractive‐index polyethersulfone (PES) cooling layer with bimodal honeycomb pores, an alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticle UV reflecting layer with superhydrophobicity, and a middle UV absorption layer of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles, thus providing thorough protection from UV and self‐cleaning capability together with outstanding cooling performance. The PES‐TiO2‐Al2O3 cooler demonstrates a record‐high solar reflectance of over 0.97 and high mid‐infrared emissivity of 0.92, which can maintain their optical properties intact even after equivalent 280‐day UV exposure despite the UV‐sensitivity of PES. This cooler achieves a subambient cooling temperature up to 3 °C at summer noontime and 5 °C at autumn noontime without solar shading or convection cover in a subtropical coastal city, Hong Kong. This tandem structure can be extended to other polymer‐based designs, offering a UV‐resist but reliable radiative cooling solution in hot humid climates.
Enhanced the Efficiency of Electrocatalytic CO2‐to‐CO Conversion by Cd Species Anchored into Metal‐Organic Framework
Authors: Yang Jie , Yu Jingkun , Dong Weiwei , Yang Dexin , Hua Zhixin , Wan Xiaoqi , Wang Mingyan , Li Hongping , Lu Siyu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) as a promising platform for electrocatalytic CO2 conversion are still restricted by the low efficiency or unsatisfied selectivity for desired products. Herein, zirconium‐based porphyrinic MOF hollow nanotubes with Cd sites (Cd‐PCN‐222HTs) are reported for electrocatalytic CO2‐to‐CO conversion. The dispersed Cd species are anchored in PCN‐222HTs and coordinated by N atoms of porphyrin structures. It is discovered that Cd‐PCN‐222HTs have glorious electrocatalytic activity for selective CO production in ionic liquid‐water (H2O)‐acetonitrile (MeCN) electrolyte. The CO Faradaic efficiency (FECO) of >80% could be maintained in a wide potential range from −2.0 to −2.4 V versus Ag/Ag+, and the maximum current density could reach 68.0 mA cm−2 at −2.4 V versus Ag/Ag+ with a satisfied turnover frequency of 26 220 h−1. The enhanced efficiency of electrocatalytic CO2 conversion of Cd‐PCN‐222HTs is closely related to its hollow structure, anchored Cd species, and good synergistic effect with electrolyte. The density functional theory calculations indicate that the dispersed Cd sites anchored in PCN‐222HTs not only favor the formation of *COOH intermediate but also hinder the hydrogen evolution reaction, resulting in high activity of electrocatalytic CO2‐to‐CO conversion.
Elastic Gallium Phosphide Nanowire Optical Waveguides—Versatile Subwavelength Platform for Integrated Photonics
Authors: Kuznetsov Alexey , Moiseev Eduard , Abramov Artem N. , Fominykh Nikita , Sharov Vladislav A. , Kondratev Valeriy M. , Shishkin Ivan I. , Kotlyar Konstantin P. , Kirilenko Demid A. , Fedorov Vladimir V. , Kadinskaya Svetlana A. , Vorobyev Alexandr A. , Mukhin Ivan S. , Arsenin Aleksey V. , Volkov Valentyn S. , Kravtsov Vasily , Bolshakov Alexey D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEmerging technologies for integrated optical circuits demand novel approaches and materials. This includes a search for nanoscale waveguides that should satisfy criteria of high optical density, small cross‐section, technological feasibility and structural perfection. All these criteria are met with self‐assembled gallium phosphide (GaP) epitaxial nanowires. In this work, the effects of the nanowire geometry on their waveguiding properties are studied both experimentally and numerically. Cut‐off wavelength dependence on the nanowire diameter is analyzed to demonstrate the pathways for fabrication of low‐loss and subwavelength cross‐section waveguides for visible and near‐infrared (IR) ranges. Probing the waveguides with a supercontinuum laser unveils the filtering properties of the nanowires due to their resonant action. The nanowires exhibit perfect elasticity allowing fabrication of curved waveguides. It is demonstrated that for the nanowire diameters exceeding the cut‐off value, the bending does not sufficiently reduce the field confinement promoting applicability of the approach for the development of nanoscale waveguides with a preassigned geometry. Optical X‐coupler made of two GaP nanowires allowing for spectral separation of the signal is fabricated. The results of this work open new ways for the utilization of GaP nanowires as elements of advanced photonic logic circuits and nanoscale interferometers.
Toward Ultrahigh Thermoelectric Performance of Cu2SnS3‐Based Materials by Analog Alloying
Authors: Li Wang , Luo Yubo , Xu Tian , Ma Zheng , Li Chengjun , Wei Yingchao , Tao Yang , Qian Yongxin , Li Xin , Jiang Qinghui , Yang Junyou 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCu2SnS3 is a promising thermoelectric candidate for power generation at medium temperature due to its low‐cost and environmental‐benign features. However, the high electrical resistivity due to low hole concentration severely restricts its final thermoelectric performance. Here, analog alloying with CuInSe2 is first adopted to optimize the electrical resistivity by promoting the formation of Sn vacancies and the precipitation of In, and optimize lattice thermal conductivity through the formation of stacking faults and nanotwins. Such analog alloying enables a greatly enhanced power factor of 8.03 µW cm−1 K−2 and a largely reduced lattice thermal conductivity of 0.38 W m−1 K−1 for Cu2SnS3 – 9 mol.% CuInSe2. Eventually, a peak ZT as high as 1.14 at 773 K is achieved for Cu2SnS3 – 9 mol.% CuInSe2, which is one of the highest ZT among the researches on Cu2SnS3‐based thermoelectric materials. The work implies analog alloying with CuInSe2 is a very effective route to unleash superior thermoelectric performance of Cu2SnS3.
Long‐Range Ordered Organic Bulk‐Heterojunction: C60 and O‐IDTBR Single Crystals Penetrated by Crystalline P3HT Fibrous Networks
Authors: Yu Guanxiong , Ren Jie , Yan Shuo , Yuan Wentao , Li Hanying 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe long‐range ordering of bulk‐heterojunctions (BHJs) significantly facilitates exciton diffusion and dissociation as well as charge transport. A feasible bio‐inspired strategy to realize such a heterostructure is crystallization in gel media where the growing host crystals incorporate the surrounding guest materials of gel networks. Until now, the host–guest pairs forming ordered BHJs are still very limited and, more importantly, the used gel‐network guests are structurally amorphous, spurring investigation toward crystalline gel‐networks. Here, single crystals of fullerene and non‐fullerene acceptors (NFAs) in poly(3‐hexylthiophene) (P3HT) organogel are prepared, forming C60:P3HT and (5Z,5″Z)‐5,5″‐((7,7″‐(4,4,9,9‐tetraoctyl‐4,9‐dihydro‐s‐indaceno[1,2‐b:5,6‐b″]dithiophene‐2,7‐diyl)bis(benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole‐7,4‐diyl))bis(methanylylidene))bis(3‐ethyl‐2‐thioxothiazolidin‐4‐one) (O‐IDTBR):P3HT BHJs. The crystalline P3HT network penetrates the crystal matrix without significantly disturbing the single crystallinity, resulting in long‐range ordered BHJs. This bi‐continuous structure, together with an improved overall ordering, contributes to enhanced charge/energy transfer. As a result, photodetectors based on these ordered BHJs exhibit ameliorated responsivity, detectivity, bandwidth, and stability as compared to the conventional BHJs with short‐range ordering. Therefore, this work further extends the scope of long‐range ordered BHJs toward crystalline polymer donors and NFAs, providing a generally applicable strategy for the design of organic optoelectronic devices with superior performance.
Constructing Ru@C3N4/Cu Tandem Electrocatalyst with Dual‐Active Sites for Enhanced Nitrate Electroreduction to Ammonia
Authors: Zheng Yinan , Qin MingXin , Yu Xin , Yao Hu , Zhang Wenhua , Xie Gang , Guo Xiaohui 
Published: May 2023

AbstractElectroreduction of nitrate to ammonia reaction (NO3−RR) is considered as a promising carbon‐free energy technique, which can eliminate nitrate from waste‐water also produce value‐added ammonia. However, it remains a challenge for achieving satisfied ammonia selectivity and Faraday efficiency (FE) due to the complex multiple‐electron reduction process. Herein, a novel Tandem electrocatalyst that Ru dispersed on the porous graphitized C3N4 (g‐C3N4) encapsulated with self‐supported Cu nanowires (denoted as Ru@C3N4/Cu) for NO3−RR is presented. As expected, a high ammonia yield of 0.249 mmol h−1 cm−2 at −0.9 V and high FENH3 of 91.3% at −0.8 V versus RHE can be obtained, while achieving excellent nitrate conversion (96.1%) and ammonia selectivity (91.4%) in neutral solution. In addition, density functional theory (DFT) calculations further demonstrate that the superior NO3−RR performance is mainly resulted from the synergistic effect between the Ru and Cu dual‐active sites, which can significantly enhance the adsorption of NO3− and facilitate hydrogenation, as well as suppress the hydrogen evolution reaction, thus lead to highly improved NO3−RR performances. This novel design strategy would pave a feasible avenue for the development of advanced NO3−RR electrocatalysts.
Preparation of Self‐Assembled Starch‐Based Organometallic Polymers and Their Efficient Adsorption of Mercury Ion in Water
Authors: Geng Chao , Yang PeiLin , Lin Ruikang , Guo Li , Yuan Chao , Cui Bo , Fang Yishan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHerein, a newly‐developed material called Thiourea@WOx/Starch Polymer (TH@WOx/SP) is prepared by a one‐pot and high yield solvothermal method. It is not only equipped with porous structure but also has a superior adsorption capacity. The relevant characterizations and adsorption performance are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Zeta potential analysis, and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Surprisingly, with its abundant active sites, the TH@WOx/SP reveals its excellent adsorption capacity for heavy metal and organics dye, as high as 2201.16 mg g−1 for Hg(II) and 175.01 mg g−1 for methylene blue (MB), finished within 30 and 90 min, respectively. These satisfactorily fast and high adsorption capacities not only come down to its concave–convex structure, but also to its enriched functional groups serving as anchor sites for Hg(II) and MB. The adsorption mechanism of Hg(II) and MB on TH@WOx/SP is carefully evaluated, which can be attributed to covalent coordination, ion exchange, π–π interactions, hydrogen bonds, and electrostatic attraction. This work designs a new strategy to develop a novel porous metal organic polymer adsorbents and demonstrates its prospective application in the field of adsorption.
Preferred Characteristics of Starch Powder for Producing Starch Pearls by Disc Granulation
Authors: Liu Minjuan , Huang Lei , Wan Boyi , Ai Fengling , Tian Zhewei , Liang Yuting , Wu Jianyong , Liu Chengmei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNine representative starches (amylose content 1.9%–67.1%) from cereals, tubers, and legumes are selected as raw powders to produce starch pearls by disc granulation. All starch powders could be granulated into starch pearls, but the starch pearls made from waxy and high‐amylose corn starch are unable to withstand cooking. Cluster and Pearson correlation analysis further indicates that to produce starch pearls with high granule strength and good cooking and texture qualities, the selected starch preferably has the following characteristics: 1) a lower amylose content (ranging from 25.9%–41.6% in this study); 2) a lower pasting temperature; 3) a higher ratio of amylopectin extra‐long chains (DP ≥ 36) to amylopectin short chains (DP 6–12); 4) a larger particle size. Among the nine starches, potato and cassava starches are the most suitable for producing starch pearls by disc granulation. In addition, it is suggestive that Rapid Visco Analyzer analysis of starch powder can be used to rapidly predict the critical cooking and texture qualities of starch pearls, including transparency, hardness, and chewiness. This study not only provides an economical method to produce starch pearls, but also establishes a preliminary theory for selecting starch raw materials.