bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Interplay of heparan sulfate chains with the core proteins of syndecans 2 and 4
Authors: Maszota‐Zieleniak Martyna , Liwo Adam , Ricard‐Blum Sylvie , Samsonov Sergey A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe have previously shown that the extracellular domains of the four syndecans are intrinsically disordered, and adopt a wide range of conformations. We report here the building of coarse‐grained models of the extracellular domains of human syndecans 2 and 4 using small‐angle X‐ray scattering restraints. One, two or three heparan sulfate (HS) hexadecasaccharides, (IdoA[2S]GlcNS[6S])8, were attached to three serine residues of the core proteins, resulting in eight variants for each syndecan that were used for all‐atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulations (0.5–1 µs). Syndecan‐4 had a larger conformational diversity than syndecan‐2, and remained extended during MD simulations in absence of HS whereas syndecan‐2 adopted more compact conformations. Their core proteins thus appeared to be structurally distinct. The HS chains also behave differently, the middle chain being more flexible in syndecan‐4, and the third chain being able to interact with the core protein regions mediating cell adhesion. The cell adhesion sites on both core proteins were flexible, with or without HS chains, the NXIP motif of syndecan‐2 being located in a particularly flexible region. In conclusion, the HS chains induce moderate changes in the conformational dynamics of both syndecans, depending on the number of HS chains and their location on the core protein, and on the core protein itself.
An updated and validated model for predicting the performance of a biological control agent for the oriental migratory locust
Authors: Finch Elizabeth A. , Li Hongmei , Cornelius Alex , Styles Jon , Beeken Joe , Cheng Yumeng , Wang Guangjun , Qiu Guiguang , Luke Belinda 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDThe oriental migratory locust is a major crop pest across eastern and south‐eastern Asia. Metarhizium anisopliae is an effective biopesticide agent used for locust control, but its performance is temperature dependent, and thus can be more variable than chemical pesticide performance. To predict biopesticide performance for the control of the oriental migratory locust, we adapted a previous temperature‐dependent model and validated it using field trial data. To increase the applicability of this model, we explored the use of readily available temperature variables, as well as our own satellite‐derived canopy temperature variable, to run the model.RESULTSCompared to collected in situ temperature data, our canopy temperature variable most accurately represented the ambient temperature experienced by the locust. When the biopesticide performance model was run using this canopy temperature and compared to field trials results, the model predictions were more accurate than when the model was run with the other temperature variables. The accuracy of the biopesticide performance model was impacted by vegetation cover, but across the areas most associated with locust oviposition, growth and migration, the model predictions were satisfactorily accurate to guide biopesticide operational use.CONCLUSIONWe validated the model in six provinces in China, representing the three agro‐ecological zones largely representative of the oriental migratory locust problem areas in China, Thailand, Cambodia and Vietnam. Whilst further validation work is needed, this model could be used in these countries to assess, at a fine spatial scale, the appropriateness of M. anisopliae for controlling the oriental migratory locust. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Deciphering the Metal–Support Interaction of Au/ZnO Catalyst Induced by H2 and O2 Pretreatment
Authors: Liu Wei , Liu Hongpeng , Cui Ronghua , Cao Zhongliang , Dong Zejian , Luo Langli 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMetal–support interaction (MSI) provides great possibilities to tune the activity, selectivity, and stability of heterogeneous catalysts. Herein, the Au/ZnO catalyst is prepared by commercial ZnO and chloroauric acid, and the structure evolution of the catalyst pretreated by H2 and O2 gas at varied temperature is investigated to provide mechanistic insights of MSI. It is found that the H2 treatment at 300 °C and above can induce the formation of both the ZnOx overlayer and bulk Au–Zn alloy. In contrast, the O2 treatment can form the ZnOx overlayer at 500 °C and above without the formation of Au–Zn alloy. It is also revealed that the ZnOx overlayer is dynamically stable (permeable), which can provide access for reactant molecules during the reaction process. And, the Au–Zn alloy can recover to Au and ZnO under the CO oxidation reaction condition, which can be deemed as a re‐activation process that endows H2‐treated samples with the superior activity and stability.
Sustainable Porous Scaffolds with Retained Lignin as An Effective Light‐absorbing Material for Efficient Photothermal Energy Conversion
Authors: Yang Ting , Zhang Hua , Huang Caoxing , Cai Chenyang , Gerhard Christoph , Zhang Kai 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOrganic phase change materials (PCMs) are promising to utilize thermal energy from solar radiation for photothermal energy conversion. However, the issues of poor photo absorption and liquid leakage greatly restrict their practical application. Herein, a sustainable porous scaffold comprising periodate oxidized wood (POW) as the supporting material and in situ retains lignin as the light‐absorber dopant are demonstrated. The π–π stacking ability of lignin molecules endows the retained lignin with efficient photonic energy harvesting characteristics for fast thermal conductivity to reach a higher maximal energy storage volume. The inherently porous structure of the POW scaffold enables excellent shape‐stability, which bypasses the liquid leakage problem. The resulting POW/PCM composites exhibit superior comprehensive performance, including enhanced light absorption capacity, high photothermal conversion efficiency (≈86.7%), and high latent heat of 151 J g−1. Furthermore, the POW/PCM composites also possess the ability to maintain a relatively constant indoor temperature when fixed atop the model house roof, showing great potential for their practical applications in the thermal regulation of intelligent buildings. This work not only paves a new way to obtain sustainable and effective porous scaffolds for sufficient photothermal energy conversion but also provides more possibilities for their practical application in the future.
Movement of Paddlefish once past a lock-and-dam structure on the Alabama River
Authors: Thomas Byron D. , DeVries Dennis R. , Wright Russell A. , Catalano Matthew J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective
Movement of fish past dams can be facilitated by dedicated fish passage structures, navigational locks, and crested spillways, with the efficacy of a passage structure depending strongly on the nature of the system (height of the dam, flow rate, etc.) and the fish's behavior and swimming capability. However, once the fish have passed a dam, whether by using a mitigation structure or due to active translocation, they encounter a different habitat upstream versus in the tailrace, potentially affecting their ability to continue their upstream migration.

Methods
Here, we had two objectives. First, we determined whether Paddlefish Polyodon spathula that successfully passed a structure continued their upstream migration in the Alabama River. Because assuring passage by tagged fish required that we move the fish past the dam, our second objective was to determine whether translocated fish exhibited fallback behavior (downstream drift or movement postrelease that would compromise their continued migration). We used both active and passive telemetry methods to quantify the postpassage movements of tagged and translocated Paddlefish.

Result
Fish that were translocated above Claiborne Lock and Dam (CLD) exhibited upriver movements once translocated, and they exhibited no fallback (i.e., downstream movement with delayed or no continuation upstream). Timing of movement relative to spawning periods did not influence initial fish movement or the likelihood of reaching the next upstream dam (Millers Ferry Lock and Dam [MFLD]; ~100 river kilometers upstream) within the first 30 days of observation, but more fish that were tagged and released during the early prespawn period made it to within 4.83 km of MFLD (the location of our closest receiver below MFLD) relative to fish from the prespawn or spawning period. Fish that were released above CLD had a lower probability of being subsequently detected downstream of their release sites compared to fish that were released below CLD.

Conclusion
Our findings support that Paddlefish will continue their upstream migration once they have passed a structure, despite changes in habitat.
Entropy generation in MHD Darcy–Forchheimer flow of hybrid nanomaterial: A numerical study of local similar solution
Authors: Hayat Tasawar , Yazman Muhammad , Muhammad Khursheed , Alsaedi Ahmed 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe presented article aims to analyze the three‐dimensional electrically conducting flow induced by a rotating stretchable disk. A hybrid nanomaterial is generated by adding copper and graphene oxide nanoparticles to kerosene oil, which saturates through a Darcy–Forchheimer porous medium. The article also reports on entropy generation and the Bejan number. To solve the associated partial differential equations, appropriate transformations are applied to convert them into ordinary differential equations. These equations are then solved numerically to obtain the desired solutions. The significance of these nanoparticles in kerosene oil is due to their ability to enhance heat transfer and thermal conductivity, thereby optimizing the performance of the rotating stretchable disk system. The synergistic effects of these components lead to improved energy efficiency and overall system effectiveness. The results for various quantities of interest, such as velocity, entropy, temperature, and the Bejan number, are presented graphically and analyzed considering the influence of relevant parameters. Moreover, the comparative analysis indicated that hybrid nanofluid have dominating effect than base liquid (kerosene oil).
Exploring the functional connectivity between the Kis-Balaton Water Protection System and Lake Balaton using satellite data
Authors: Tóth Viktor R. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractLake Balaton, a shallow polymictic freshwater lake in Central Europe, became eutrophic in the 1970s. To retain the inorganic nutrients from the main tributary River Zala, a semi-artificial system called the Kis-Balaton Water Protection System (KBWPS) was constructed in the early 1980s. In 2015, the system was reconstructed and modernised, thus offering the opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of the functional connection between the KBWPS and Lake Balaton over the past 20 years and to compare its impact before and after the reconstruction. To this end, time series data of algal biomass in Lake Balaton between 1999 and 2019 based on Landsat 7 satellite data were analysed. Over the last 20 years, the algal biomass in Lake Balaton showed an increasing trend (0.009 ± 0.011% increase per year), with territorial specificities also observed. No change was noted in the western part, while an increase was recorded in the eastern part of the lake. A significant difference in the rate of algal biomass accumulation was noticed before (annual increase of 0.008 ± 0.019%) and after (0.240 ± 0.306% per year) the KBWPS reconstruction. Given that the largest increase in algal biomass after reconstruction was observed in the outermost KBWPS basin of Lake Balaton, it appears that mesoscale environmental, water balance, or other factors affecting the lake are playing a role in this increase, rather than the KBWPS reconstruction. This research highlights the potential to study aquatic ecosystems using Earth observation techniques, and how mesoscale factors such as changes in the local climate regime or shifts in lake management can greatly impact the trophic state of a large shallow lake. Effectively identifying these factors is crucial in maintaining the proper status of aquatic ecosystems.
Protein intake and type 2 diabetes mellitus: an umbrella review of systematic reviews for the evidence-based guideline for protein intake of the German Nutrition Society
Authors: Schulze Matthias B. , Haardt Julia , Amini Anna M. , Kalotai Nicole , Lehmann Andreas , Schmidt Annemarie , Buyken Anette E. , Egert Sarah , Ellinger Sabine , Kroke Anja , Kühn Tilman , Louis Sandrine , Nimptsch Katharina , Schwingshackl Lukas , Siener Roswitha , Zittermann Armin , Watzl Bernhard , Lorkowski Stefan ,   on behalf of the German Nutrition Society
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Protein-rich foods show heterogeneous associations with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and it remains unclear whether habitual protein intake is related to T2D risk. We carried out an umbrella review of systematic reviews (SR) of randomised trials and/or cohort studies on protein intake in relation to risks of T2D.

Methods
Following a pre-specified protocol (PROSPERO: CRD42018082395), we retrieved SRs on protein intake and T2D risk published between July 1st 2009 and May 22nd 2022, and assessed the methodological quality and outcome-specific certainty of the evidence using a modified version of AMSTAR 2 and NutriGrade, respectively. The overall certainty of evidence was rated according to predefined criteria.

Results
Eight SRs were identified of which six contained meta-analyses. The majority of SRs on total protein intake had moderate or high methodological quality and moderate outcome-specific certainty of evidence according to NutriGrade, however, the latter was low for the majority of SRs on animal and plant protein. Six of the eight SRs reported risk increases with both total and animal protein. According to one SR, total protein intake in studies was ~ 21 energy percentage (%E) in the highest intake category and 15%E in the lowest intake category. Relative Risks comparing high versus low intake in most recent SRs ranged from 1.09 (two SRs, 95% CIs 1.02–1.15 and 1.06–1.13) to 1.11 (1.05–1.16) for total protein (between 8 and 12 cohort studies included) and from 1.13 (1.08–1.19) to 1.19 (two SRs, 1.11–1.28 and 1.11–1.28) (8–9 cohort studies) for animal protein. However, SRs on RCTs examining major glycaemic traits (HbA1c, fasting glucose, fasting insulin) do not support a clear biological link with T2D risk. For plant protein, some recent SRs pointed towards risk decreases and non-linear associations, however, the majority did not support an association with T2D risk.

Conclusion
Higher total protein intake was possibly associated with higher T2D risk, while there is insufficient evidence for a risk increase with higher intakes of animal protein and a risk decrease with plant protein intake. Given that most SRs on plant protein did not indicate an association, there is possibly a lack of an effect.
Multimodal MRI study on the relation between WM integrity and connected GM atrophy and its effect on disability in early multiple sclerosis
Authors: Weeda Merlin M. , van Nederpelt D. R. , Twisk J. W. R. , Brouwer I. , Kuijer J. P. A. , van Dam M. , Hulst H. E. , Killestein J. , Barkhof F. , Vrenken H. , Pouwels P. J. W. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by pathology in white matter (WM) and atrophy of grey matter (GM), but it remains unclear how these processes are related, or how they influence clinical progression.

Objective
To study the spatial and temporal relationship between GM atrophy and damage in connected WM in relapsing–remitting (RR) MS in relation to clinical progression.

Methods
Healthy control (HC) and early RRMS subjects visited our center twice with a 1-year interval for MRI and clinical examinations, including the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite (MSFC) scores. RRMS subjects were categorized as MSFC decliners or non-decliners based on ΔMSFC over time. Ten deep (D)GM and 62 cortical (C) GM structures were segmented and probabilistic tractography was performed to identify the connected WM. WM integrity was determined per tract with, amongst others, fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), neurite density index (NDI), and myelin water fraction (MWF). Linear mixed models (LMMs) were used to investigate GM and WM differences between HC and RRMS, and between MSFC decliners and non-decliners. LMM was also used to test associations between baseline WM z-scores and changes in connected GM z-scores, and between baseline GM z-scores and changes in connected WM z-scores, in HC/RRMS subjects and in MSFC decliners/non-decliners.

Results
We included 13 HCs and 31 RRMS subjects with an average disease duration of 3.5 years and a median EDSS of 3.0. Fifteen RRMS subjects showed declining MSFC scores over time, and they showed higher atrophy rates and greater WM integrity loss compared to non-decliners. Lower baseline WM integrity was associated with increased CGM atrophy over time in RRMS, but not in HC subjects. This effect was only seen in MSFC decliners, especially when an extended WM z-score was used, which included FA, MD, NDI and MWF. Baseline GM measures were not significantly related to WM integrity changes over time in any of the groups.

Discussion
Lower baseline WM integrity was related to more cortical atrophy in RRMS subjects that showed clinical progression over a 1-year follow-up, while baseline GM did not affect WM integrity changes over time. WM damage, therefore, seems to drive atrophy more than conversely.
The Finnish spine register (FinSpine): development, design, validation and utility
Authors: Marjamaa Johan , Huttunen Jukka , Kankare Jyrki , Malmivaara Antti , Pernaa Katri , Salmenkivi Jyrki , Pekkanen Liisa 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Our aim was to develop a nationwide, computer-based, Spine Register (FinSpine) for monitoring surgical activity, quality of surgery, long-term outcomes, and effectiveness of treatment. In this paper, we describe our experiences in the development and implementation of the register.

Methods
The register was developed by a steering group, consisting of orthopedic surgeons and neurosurgeons from the whole country. We strived to develop a register which would be in active use by spine surgeons and enable collection of Patient Reported Outcome and Experience Measures (PROMs and PREMs) automatically and prospectively. We are actively promoting the use of the register in order to gain a nationwide coverage and achieve high response-rates from both surgeons and patients.

Results
The use of FinSpine started in 2016 and it has been granted continuous funding from the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare from the 1st of January 2023 onwards. Currently the register is used by 19/23 (83%) public hospitals and the use is expanding to private hospitals as well. The response-rate of surgeons is currently 80%. The response-rate of patients is on average 56% but reaches up to 90% in hospitals using register-coordinators.

Conclusion
The use of FinSpine is increasing. By gaining a larger coverage and completeness, the data can be used for research purposes which we believe will influence decision making and ultimately improve the outcomes and quality of life of the patients. Comparison with other national spine registers is possible, since FinSpine includes similar baseline characteristics and outcome measures (e.g., ODI, EQ-5D, VAS).
The Norwegian registry for spine surgery (NORspine): cohort profile
Authors: Mikkelsen Eirik , Ingebrigtsen Tor , Thyrhaug Anette M. , Olsen Lena Ringstad , Nygaard Øystein P. , Austevoll Ivar , Brox Jens Ivar , Hellum Christian , Kolstad Frode , Lønne Greger , Solberg Tore K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To review and describe the development, methods and cohort of the lumbosacral part of the Norwegian registry for spine surgery (NORspine).

Methods
NORspine was established in 2007. It is government funded, covers all providers and captures consecutive cases undergoing operations for degenerative disorders. Patients’ participation is voluntary and requires informed consent. A set of baseline-, process- and outcome-variables (3 and 12 months) recommended by the International Consortium for Health Outcome Measurement is reported by surgeons and patients. The main outcome is the Oswestry disability index (ODI) at 12 months.

Results
We show satisfactory data quality assessed by completeness, timeliness, accuracy, relevance and comparability. The coverage rate has been 100% since 2016 and the capture rate has increased to 74% in 2021. The cohort consists of 60,647 (47.6% women) cases with mean age 55.7 years, registered during the years 2007 through 2021. The proportions > 70 years and with an American Society of Anaesthesiologists’ Physical Classification System (ASA) score > II has increased gradually to 26.1% and 19.3%, respectively. Mean ODI at baseline was 43.0 (standard deviation 17.3). Most cases were operated with decompression for disc herniation (n = 26,557, 43.8%) or spinal stenosis (n = 26,545, 43.8%), and 7417 (12.2%) with additional or primary fusion. The response rate at 12 months follow-up was 71.6%.

Conclusion
NORspine is a well-designed population-based comprehensive national clinical quality registry. The register’s methods ensure appropriate data for quality surveillance and improvement, and research.
Testing re-optimisation strategies in international kidney exchange programmes by the ENCKEP simulator
Authors: Matyasi Lilla , Biró Péter 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe tested re-optimisation strategies for international kidney exchange programmes using the simulator developed by the ENCKEP COST Action. Kidney exchange programmes (KEPs) are operating in most of the European countries to facilitate the exchange of kidney donors for the recipients with incompatible living donors. The optimal solutions for national and international KEPs are typically selected in every three months based on the compatibilities estimated on the individual immunological data. However, these estimations are not always accurate, and if a positive crossmatch is found in the laboratory crossmatch tests then the corresponding exchange cycle (or chain) must be cancelled. Depending on the matching process, the coordinators may use different re-optimisation strategies to repair the failed solutions. We examine the effects of using multiple rounds of re-optimisation with different optimisation strategies, such as fixing good cycles in the intermediate solutions or prioritising transplants with negative crossmatch tests in previous rounds. In the context of international KEPs we also consider the possibility of testing and prioritising national transplants in the solutions. We measure the performance of these policies regarding the number of transplants and the number of compatibility tests conducted in a time period. By extending our results presented in [16], we performed simulations for a large number of instances to measure the effects of various re-optimisation policies. Our main findings show a clear trade-off in the number of transplants versus the number of tests and re-optimisation rounds.