bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complete genome sequence of a novel toti-like virus infecting the phytopathogenic fungus Rhizopus stolonifer
Authors: Wang Hao , Luo Jingxian , Dai Ruoyin , Shah Kaleem Ullah , Andika Ida Bagus , Sun Liying 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this study, we report the complete genome sequence of a novel toti-like virus, tentatively named Rhizopus stolonifer toti-like virus 1 (RsTV1), identified from a phytopathogenic fungal agent of apple fruit rot disease, Rhizopus stolonifer strain A2-1. RsTV1 had a double-stranded RNA genome. The complete RsTV1 genome was 5178 nucleotides (nt) in length and contained two open reading frames (ORFs) encoding a putative coat protein (CP) and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Phylogenetic analyses based on the RdRp and CP amino acid sequences revealed that RsTV1 was closely related to viruses of the unclassified totiviruses. In stress-inducing Vogel’s minimal and sodium dodecyl sulfate-containing media, the hyphal growth of A2-1 was suppressed, but the accumulation of RsTV1 RNA was increased, indicating that stresses promote RsTV1 replication. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a mycovirus found in R. stolonifer.
Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy with two-segment foraminoplasty in a single incision for the treatment of very-highly migrated lumbar disc herniation: a retrospective study
Authors: Zhang Yao , Song Jipeng , Lin Wancheng , Ding Lixiang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Surgical treatment for very-highly migrated lumbar disc herniation ( (VHM-LDH)) is challenging. In this study we introduced the percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy (PtELD) with two-segment foraminoplasty technique and evaluated it’s clinical outcomes.
Materials and Methods
Between Jan 2017 to Dec 2020, patients who were diagnosed with VHM-LDH underwent PtELD with two-segment foraminoplasty technique were retrospectively studied. The cranial and caudal foraminoplasty of two adjacent vertebrae were performed under endoscopic view to fully expose and decompress the whole traversing course of the impinged nerve root and the axilla between dural sac and nerve root. The operation duration, blood loss, intra- and postoperative complications, and recurrences were recorded. Immediate postoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computerized tomography (CT) were performed for imageological evaluation. The Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and the modified MacNab criteria were used to evaluate clinical outcomes. Postoperative stability was evaluated both radiologically and clinically.
Results
A total of 33 patients with mean age of 56.87 ± 7.77 years were reviewed. The mean follow-up period was 20.95 ± 2.09 (18–24) months. The mean operation duration and blood loss was 56.17 ± 6.21 min and 10.57 ± 6.92 ml, respectively. All patients showed immediate relief of neurological symptom after surgery. No residual disc fragments and iatrogenic instability was observed on postoperative imageological image. The VAS and ODI score were significantly improved at the final follow-up (p < 0.05). The postoperative complications, recurrences, revision surgery and iatrogenic instability were not observed.
Conclusions
The PtLED with two-segment foraminoplasty technique is safe and effective in the management of VHM-LDH. The surgeon should master skillful endoscopic foraminoplasty technique to avoid inadvertent over-resection of SAP/pedicle, and iatrogenic neurological injury.
Clinical Pharmacokinetics and dose optimization of anti-infectives in critical care: A narrative review
Authors: Bhandari Ritika Kondel , Rohilla Rachna , Shafiq Nusrat , Malhotra Samir 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCritically ill patients with infections present with considerable challenges in antimicrobial use due to multiple reasons such as pathophysiological alterations, comorbidities, supportive treatment and the pathogenicity of implicated organism. Fluid shifts, hyperdynamic state, altered renal clearance are the rapid changes which are often not considered while administering antimicrobials. Vital organ dysfunction with or without Multi–Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS) often necessitates use of supportive management in the form of Ventilatory Support or Renal Replacement Therapy (RRT) to Extracorpeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO) to name a few. These supportive measures may have implication on PK-PD of administered antimicrobials. Certain patient parameters such as age, weight, comorbid illnesses like cystic fibrosis, burns or immunocompromised state can be important determinants of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (PK-PD) of antimicrobials. Issues such as bioavailability of the antimicrobial at the primary focus of infection need to be taken into consideration while making choice of antimicrobial(s) and deciding a dose. The critical pharmacodynamic parameters that need to be taken into account consider are disease state, altered bacterial susceptibility, pathogenicity and localization of the organism and host immunity while making decisions about optimized antimicrobial treatment in a critically ill patient with infection. The current review delves on these nuances with a focus on PK-PD for optimized use of antimicrobials in a critically ill patient.
Underworld: Evolution of blind mole rats in Eastern Europe
Authors: Rusin Mikhail , Çetintaş Ortaç , Ghazali Maria , Sándor Attila D. , Yanchukov Alexey 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Large-bodied mole rats (Spalax) are a specious genus among obligate subterranean rodents, with seven currently recognised species, ranging from the Carpathians to the North Caucasus and further into the Caspian basin. Several conflicting hypotheses were proposed to explain the phylogenetic relationship among these taxa, mostly based on the subjective interpretation of the importance of certain morphological characters in species delineation. We sequenced one mitochondrial (cyt b) and one nuclear (IRBP) gene in six Spalax species, representing the most complete molecular dataset up to date. Both resulting phylogenies placed (i) S. graecus, S. antiquus and S. giganteus at the base of the tree, while (ii) S. microphtalmus, S. zemni and S. arenarius appeared to have differentiated later in the evolutionary history of the genus. The reciprocal monophyly of the two latter species was resolved only in the cyt b gene sequence, but not in IRBP. We hypothesize that group (i) might represent the relics of an ancient Spalax population that used to have continuous distribution in the entire Ponto-Caspian steppe zone, while group (ii) experienced speciation and range expansion in more recent times. Geographical barriers, in particular large rivers, could have played a role in the speciation process, but to a varying degree.
Academic Exploration and Advanced Thinking: A Case Study of Ethnography in the Academic Growth of Sports Doctoral Students
Authors: Cheng Yuanlong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Backgroud
Doctoral students are quasi research-oriented scholars who should have a clear understanding of the entire process of scientific research and possess high-level academic achievements during their graduate studies. However, in reality, doctoral students still face many academic confusions, and the academic community rarely pays attention to their academic thinking development process from a thematic perspective, and there is a lack of research on the impact of academic exploration on thinking development.
Methods
Only by exploring the academic thinking training of sports doctoral students from the thematic perspective of anthropological case ethnography can we reveal the essence of academic inquiry of doctoral students and the impact of academic inquiry on the advancement of thinking.
Results
Research suggests that the academic exploration of sports doctoral students is a complex process of thinking advancement. From the initial stage of cultivation to independent academic exploration, there will be multiple stages such as confusion, starting, transformation, and deepening of thinking; The cultivation of academic thinking exhibits different characteristics with different stages of academic exploration.
Conclusion
In the initial stage of cultivation, academic writing is the focus, and academic exploration is equated with academic research; Gradually transitioning from academic writing to metacognition of academic thinking in the middle and later stages of training, focusing on the essence of academic research, crossing the limited thinking mode of academic writing, and nurturing professional issues; Throughout the entire training period, academic exploration and advanced academic thinking are not absolutely increasing, but gradually returning to the starting point of academic exploration and the ontological level of academic research, and ultimately forming the thinking ability to independently conduct academic research.
Clinical and cost-effectiveness of ‘Live Well with Parkinson’s’ self-management intervention versus treatment as usual for improving quality of life for people with Parkinson’s: Study protocol for a randomised-controlled trial
Authors: Walters Kate , Armstrong Megan , Gardner Benjamin , Ambler Gareth , Hunter Rachael , Maydon Bev , Davies Nathan , Atkinson Catherine , Brown Richard , Rookes Tasmin , Davis Daniel , Schrag Anette 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: The Live Well with Parkinson’s Self-Management Toolkit is designed for use in the NHS to support people with Parkinson’s, their carers and health professionals in managing motor and non-motor symptoms and promoting well-being. The Toolkit was developed based on theory-based behaviour change and self-management techniques in consultation with people living with Parkinson’s and health and social care practitioners. There are digital (e-Toolkit) and paper (manual) versions.
Methods: Single-blind two-arm randomised-controlled trial RCT of clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the Toolkit, facilitated by up to six sessions with a trained non-specialist supporter, in improving quality of life. People with Parkinson’s will be assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months. Assessors will be blind to treatment group. The primary outcome measure is the Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire (PDQ-39, Parkinson’s related quality of life) score at 12 months. Secondary outcome measures include the MDS Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (Part I, II, III, IV), EQ-5D, and a Client Service Receipt Inventory shortened, adapted for Parkinson’s. Carer outcomes include the Zarit Carer Burden Inventory and Carer Quality of Life Questionnaire for Parkinsonism. A total of 338 people with Parkinson’s, and their carers if appropriate, will be recruited from diverse settings across England. Those with advanced dementia, at end-of-life or with atypical Parkinsonism will be excluded. A parallel mixed methods process evaluation will explore the factors promoting or inhibiting implementation, uptake, use, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the Toolkit and sessions.
Discussion: If successful, the Live Well with Parkinson’s Toolkit could be used as a model for other complex long-term disorders, including dementia. This would bridge existing gaps in the NHS (as shown by the national Parkinson’s audit data), by enabling patients and carers to access personalised information, advice and support on symptom management and ‘living well’ with Parkinson’s.
Trial Registration number: ISRCTN92831552.
“A beacon of hope": a qualitative study on migrants' mental health needs and community-based organisations' responses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Antwerp, Belgium
Authors: Molenaar Jil , Robinson Hannah , Praag Lore Van 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for structurally informed mental health services that are sensitive to social inequalities and cultural differences. Community-level services and organisations are often referred to as having the potential to play a key role in providing such services to migrants, yet not many studies have documented how these types of services have been organised and experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of our case study in Antwerp’s districts of Borgerhout and Antwerpen-Noord (Belgium) was to explore how community-level responses to the mental health impact of the COVID-19 crisis were organised and experienced by first-generation migrants and members of community-level organisations.
Methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with first-generation migrants in Borgerhout and Antwerpen-Noord (n=19) and with professionals in the local psycho-social care sector (n=13).
Results: Our findings highlight the complex drivers of migrants’ mental health and the unique value and indispensability of local-level services and organisations in providing mental-health related services, particularly in a crisis context like the COVID-19 pandemic. Qualities that emerged to be particularly important included organisations’ awareness of local needs; their flexible nature which allows them to address bottlenecks and fill gaps left by other services; their capacity to respond holistically to a broad spectrum of needs; their ability to offer culturally sensitive care and support; and their physical accessibility. However, our findings also demonstrate the fragility and fragmentation of these local-level services and initiatives. In the face of the COVID-19 crisis, this related to serious challenges to the necessary physical accessibility of organisations’ services; services and initiatives becoming overloaded; and widespread fragmentation and lack of oversight of the available services forming a real barrier for both service users and providers.
Conclusions: This study underlines the importance of prioritising physical accessibility of mental health services at the community level, improving cultural sensitivity through training and employing professionals with a shared background or language proficiency with migrants, and promoting stronger collaborations between community-level organizations and city governments. The findings are informative to guide mental health policy and future crisis responses in similar communities and neighbourhoods.
Time- and Cost-effective Production of Untagged Recombinant Mva by Flow Virometry and Direct Virus Sorting
Authors: Daniela Boselli , Panigada Maddalena , Terlizzi Simona Di , Romanò Monica , Canonico Emanuele , Villa Chiara , Minici Claudia , Anken Eelco van , Soprana Elisa , Siccardi Antonio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground Recombinant MVAs (rMVAs) are widely used both in basic and clinical research. Our previously developed Red-to-Green Gene Swapping Method (RGGSM), a cytometry-based Cell-Sorting protocol, revolves around the transient expression of a green fluorescent cytoplasmic marker, to subsequently obtain purified untagged rMVA upon loss of that marker by site-specific recombination. The standard RGSSM is quite costly in terms of bench work, reagents, and Sorting Facility fees. Although faster than other methods to obtain recombinant MVAs, the standard RGSSM still is time-consuming, taking at least 25 days to yield the final product. Methods The direct sorting of fluorescent virions is made amenable by the marker HAG, a flu hemagglutinin/ EGFP fusion protein, integrated into the external envelope of extracellular enveloped virions (EEVs). Fluorescent EEVs-containing supernatants of infected cultures are used instead of purified virus. Direct Virus-Sorting was performed on BD FACSAria Fusion cell sorter equipped with 4 lasers and a 100-mm nozzle, with 20 psi pressure and a minimal flow rate, validated using Megamix beads. Results Upon infection of cells with recombinant EEVs, at the first sorting step virions that contain HAG are harvested and cloned, while the second sorting step yields EEVs that have lost HAG, allowing to clone untagged rMVA. Because only virion-containing supernatants are used, no virus purification steps and fewer sortings are necessary. Therefore, the final untagged rMVA product can be obtained in a mere 8 days. Conclusions Altogether, we report that the original RGSSM has been markedly improved in terms of time- and cost efficiency by substituting Cell-Sorting with direct Virus-Sorting from the supernatants of infected cells. The improved virometry-based RGGSM may find wide applicability, considering that rMVAs hold great promise to serve as personalized vaccines for therapeutic intervention against cancer and various types of infectious diseases.
Signal Trajectory Analysis Reveals the Spatiotemporal Manifold of Epileptic Networks
Authors: Zhao Guoguang , Yu Zhikai , Lu Di , Wang Changming , Zhang Huaqiang , Yang Yanfeng , Wang Jingjing , Wei Penghu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective: We aim to design a method framework for data analysis and visualization in order to reveal the spatiotemporal manifold of the epileptic networks and differentiate between the seizure-onset regions and the propagation regions.
Methods: We hypothesize that signal motion is the functional substrate of epileptic networks and that signal trajectories reflect the spatiotemporal manifold of epileptic networks. This spatiotemporal manifold is visualized using a series of quantitative and interpretable methodologies.
Results: A total of 454 aberrant nodes (109 seizure-onset nodes and 345 propagation nodes) were identified among the 1033 electrode nodes (606 SEEG electrodes and 427 ECoG electrodes) of 9 cases of intracranial EEG data.
Significance: The multidimensional joint analysis of signal amplitude describes the signal trajectories of various frequency bands, thereby disclosing the spatiotemporal manifold of the epileptic networks. This is useful for distinguishing the seizure-onset regions from the propagation regions in order to direct epilepsy treatment.
Cadmium (Cd) distribution and soil-plant relationship in cacao farms in Costa Rica
Authors: Montoya Kevin Carrillo , Arroyo Mariela Martínez , Cartín Laura Ramírez , Jácome David Argüello , Navarrete Eduardo Chávez 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

The current cadmium (Cd) regulations in chocolate threatens cacao supply chain in different Latin American countries. The factors involve in cadmium accumulation in cacao beans have been poorly studied in Central America. The objective of this research was to identify the geographical location of Cd hotspots as well as soil and management factors contributing to Cd concentration in cacao beans. A survey was carried out and soil, leaves and beans samples were taken in 150 producing farms in the three major cacao regions in Costa Rica. Total soil Cd concentration was found in a range of < 0.1 to 1.05 mg kg− 1 (mean 0.22 mg kg− 1), these concentrations are within the range of uncontaminated soils. Bean Cd concentration was found in a range of 0.12 to 3.23 average (0.56 mg kg− 1) and 22% of the samples exceeded a selected threshold of 0.8 mg kg− 1. These elevated Cd concentrations were distributed mostly in the Huetar Caribe and Huetar Norte regions. Variability in bean Cd concentration were better explained with total soil Cd and % of soil organic carbon (SOC) (R2 = 0.62, p < 0.05). In addition, bean Cd concentration was affected by leaf nutrient content and management practices. Leaf Zn and P were positively correlated to bean Cd while K and Mn were negatively correlated (p < 0,05). Likewise, altitude and orchard age were also negatively correlated. Overall, this study highlights that Cd contamination does not occur in the extend of other Latin American countries such as Ecuador, Colombia or Honduras. Nevertheless, research is needed in hotspot areas to assess the feasibility of mitigation strategies, particularly the use of mineral or organic amendments, which will allow better planning for existing development or expansion of new cacao-growing areas in the country.
Outcomes of Haploidentical Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation Following Myeloablative Conditioning using Thymoglobulin versus Grafalon: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis
Authors: Zhao Yanmin , Shi Zhuoyue , Gao Fei , Ding Dang , Wu Hengwei , Shi Jimin , Luo Yi , Yu Jian , Tan Yamin , Lai Xiaoyu , Liu Lizhen , Fu Huarui , Huang He 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
During hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), ATG depletes T cells in-vivo to improve engraftment and prevent graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Here, we compared the clinical efficacy of two different types of ATGs: thymoglobulin and anti-human T-lymphocyte immunoglobulin (Grafalon). A total of 469 patients who received haploidentical transplantation were enrolled in this study. After a propensity score (PS)-matched analysis, 209 patients were assigned to each group. Primary outcome was overall survival (OS). There was no significant difference in OS between two groups. Within the first 180 days after HSCT, Grafalon was associated with lower incidences of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viremia (31.6 vs 54.5%, P < 0.0001) and cytomegalovirus viremia (CMV) viremia (54.5 vs 67.9%, P = 0.005) compared to thymoglobulin. Patients receiving Grafalon had a higher rate of moderate/severe chronic GVHD (26.3 vs 18.2%, P = 0.046). However, the incidences of engraftment failure, grade II-IV acute GVHD, relapse, non-relapse mortality (NRM) and GVHD-free relapse-free survival (GRFS) did not differ greatly between groups. In the subgroup analysis, Grafalon improved the OS of lymphoid malignancies with young ages (< 40 years old) (HR, 0.55; P = 0.04) or with a high/very high disease risk index (HR, 0.36; P = 0.04). In conclusion, our results suggest the two types of ATG may differentially influence transplant outcomes.
The relationship between social capital and health from a configuration perspective: an evidence from China
Authors: Hao Chongqi , Guo Dan , Ren Hao , Wang Xuchun , Qiao Yuchao , Qiu Lixia 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background The debate on the relationship between social capital and health is still ongoing. In order to enhance previous research, this study uses data from China to analyze the situations under which social capital is related to good health and the various configurations that result in good health outcomes.
Methods Using CFPS data, conditions of age, gender, marriage, education, income, structural social capital and cognitive social capital were included to analyze sufficient necessary conditions for achieving good general health and their different configurations using the fsQCA method.
Results All of the conditions that were listed, both in their states of presence and absence, were not prerequisites for excellent general health. The sufficiency analysis produced 11 configurations with an average of 3–4 conditions per configuration, and no configurations in which the condition of social capital was present alone. Structured social capital or cognitive social capital showed a negative state in configurations 1 and 2. The most prevalent factor in all configurations was the condition of age.
Conclusions The relationship between social capital and health was both positive and negative, with cognitive social capital playing a larger role in the positive relationship than structural social capital. Social capital is neither a necessary nor sufficient condition for health, and it must be combined with a variety of other factors to promote health. There are a variety of methods to promote an individual's health, as different populations require different routes to good general health and a single route does not apply to all populations. In the Chinese population, an individual's age is a significant determinant in determining their health status.