bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Use of Artificial Intelligence to Improve the Calculation of Percent Adhesion for Transdermal and Topical Delivery Systems
Authors: Wang Chao , Strasinger Caroline , Weng Yu-Ting , Zhao Xutong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Adhesion is a critical quality attribute and performance characteristic for transdermal and topical delivery systems (TDS). Regulatory agencies recommend in vivo skin adhesion studies to support the approval of TDS in both new drug applications and abbreviated new drug applications. The current assessment approach in such studies is based on the visual observation of the percent adhesion, defined as the ratio of the area of TDS attached to the skin to the total area of the TDS. Visually estimated percent adhesion by trained clinicians or trial participants creates variability and bias. In addition, trial participants are typically confined to clinical centers during the entire product wear period, which may lead to challenges when translating adhesion performance to the real world setting. In this work we propose to use artificial intelligence and mobile technologies to aid and automate the collection of photographic evidence and estimation of percent adhesion. We trained state-of-art deep learning models with advanced techniques and in-house curated data. Results indicate good performance from the trained models and the potential use of such models in clinical practice is further explored.
Interior solution of azimuthally symmetric case of Laplace equation in orthogonal similar oblate spheroidal coordinates
Authors: Strunz Pavel 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Curvilinear coordinate systems distinct from the rectangular Cartesian coordinate system are particularly valuable in the field calculations as they facilitate the expression of boundary conditions of differential equations in a reasonably simple way when the coordinate surfaces fit the physical boundaries of the problem. The recently finalized orthogonal similar oblate spheroidal (SOS) coordinate system can be particularly useful for a physical processes description inside or in the vicinity of the bodies with the geometry of an oblate spheroid. Such shape is aproximating well objects investigated within astrophysics. The solution of the azimuthally symmetric case of the Laplace equation was found for the interior space in the orthogonal SOS coordinates. In the frame of the derivation of the harmonic functions, the Laplace equation was separated by a special separation procedure. A generalized Legendre equation was introduced as the equation for the angular part of the separated Laplace equation. The harmonic functions were determined as relations involving generalized Legendre functions of the first and of the second kind. Several lower-degree functions are reported. Recursion formula facilitating determination of the higher-degree harmonic functions was found. The general solution of the azimuthally symmetric Laplace equation for the interior space in the SOS coordinates is reported.
Conditional Inference on the Burr Type-XII
Distribution Parameters
Authors: Maswadah M. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
It is widely known that conditional inference is usually just as effective as Bayesian inference based on non-informative priors. However, it is less efficient than Bayesian inference based on informative priors. Therefore, the main objective of this work is to apply Bayes’ theorem to the conditional distribution of the pivotal functions for finding the estimates of Burr type-XII model parameters based on the kernel prior of the pivotal functions and compare them with Bayes estimates, via Monte Carlo simulations. The simulation results showed that conditional inference is highly efficient and provides better estimates than Bayes’ method based on different loss functions. Finally, two real data sets were applied to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed methods
Proteome-wide Mendelian randomization and colocalization analysis identify potential drug targets for psoriasis
Authors: Li Shifang , Gong Meijiao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Psoriasis is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease of the skin. New psoriasis therapy targets are required. 18 causative proteins were discovered in this study employing proteome-wide Mendelian randomization analysis by integration of the largest-to-date GWASs of plasma protein. Five proteins (namely APOF, MAPRE1, GCKR, ATF6B, and PRSS8) were found to have high support for colocalization evidence with psoriasis (H4>0.8). Interestingly, two of them, namely APOF and PRSS8 with a high support for colocalization evidence with psoriasis, were detected in FinnGen and UK Biobank studies. Gene differentially expression analysis using bulk transcriptome data from 92 psoriatic and 82 normal punch biopsies revealed elevated PRSS8 expression was linked to an increased risk of psoriasis. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing from 33 biopsy samples revealed that PRSS8 was higher expressed in psoriasis skin compared to healthy normal skin and psoriatic non-lesional skin in SERPINB4+ cells of the supraspinous layer of keratinocytes that were upregulated in psoriasis skin. Overall, our study revealed that PRSS8 may be prioritized as a potential psoriasis therapeutic target. These findings require additional research in both basic and clinical studies.
Magnetic Field Analysis and control of Levitated and drive forces of Linear Induction Motor
Authors: Shousha Hany Ibrahim , Hasan Ahmed , Nada Adel Sad 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Through electromagnetic forces, linear electric (electromagnetic) machines (LEMs) enable the direct conversion of electrical energy to linear motion mechanical energy (or vice versa). In industry, linear motion is particularly prevalent. LEMs were created in the nineteenth century, but they weren't widely used in industry until 1960 since control required power electronics (in the absence of any mechanical transmission). However, LEMs require power electronics for linear position, speed, and/or force control in order to perform better than rotary electric motors with mechanical transmission. After 1960, LEMs have steadily improved. The levitation and drive forces in the two-phase Linear Induction Motor (LIM) is be controlled by changing the phase angle between two phases. This paper derives the flux density in the air gaps, the secondary current density, driving and levitating force density. The slotted stator is replaced in the model by a smooth surface stator having a continuous current sheet represented by the stator electric loading AS (x, t) = Re\(\left\{\sum _{\varvec{m}}{\underset{\_}{\varvec{A}}}_{\varvec{s}\varvec{m}}{\varvec{e}}^{\varvec{j}(\varvec{w}\varvec{t}-{\varvec{a}}_{\varvec{m}}\varvec{x})}\right\}\) . corresponding to a stator current Is flowing in the z-direction. The secondary current is assumed to be still flowing only in the z-direction. It closes its paths through the stator ends at both sides of the active length. Hence both the magnetic field intensity H and the magnetic flux density B have x-component and y-component. Average Force equations are derived by taking the summation of the force density over the secondary length using two-dimensional field analysis are used to simulate the performance of Linear Induction Motor. It is investigated the effects of phase angle change on the secondary current density, normal and on the tangential flux density components. Also, this phase shift effects are extended to include the two components of the force (Levitation and Driven). The calculations are performed and plotted by using MATLAB program.
Randomized ε-RANKING Algorithm for Online Trichromatic Matching
Authors: Pandya Komal , Maiti Abyayananda 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
We study a randomized 1/e-competitive ε-RANKING algorithm for the onlinetrichromatic matching problem. This problem involves finding matching in tripartite graphs having three disjoint sets of vertices. Our model encompasses a tripartite graph configuration, where an offline vertex set is an intermediary connecting two opposing sets. The vertices from the latter sets unfold online, arriving individually over time. ε-RANKING employs a randomization strategy where offline vertices are assigned random ranks between [0, 1]. It extends the idea of finding the lowest-ranked neighbor of the newly arrived online vertex presented by Karp et al. [1] in their RANKING algorithm. This approach exploits the principles of RANKING and matching from the domain of online bipartite matching to the more complex context of online trichromatic matching.
New Pyrrolopyrimidines as LRRK2 Inhibitors for Treating Parkinson's Disease
Authors: De Surya K. 
Published: August 2023

:
This patent describes the novel pyrroloppyrimidine compounds as LRRK2 kinase
inhibitors. The patent includes the synthesis of compounds, compositions containing
them and their use in the treatment of or prevention of diseases associated with LRRK2
kinase activity, such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and amyotrophic lateral
sclerosis (ALS).
Identifying Oxidative Stress-Related Genes (OSRGs) as Potential Target
for Treating Periodontitis Based on Bioinformatics Analysis
Authors: Zhou Wei , Zhang Pengfei , li Hao 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Periodontitis (PD) is a multifactorial inflammatory disease that is closely
associated with periodontopathic bacteria. Numerous studies have demonstrated oxidative stress
(OS) contributes to inflammation and is a prime factor in the development of PD. It is imperative
to explore the function of newly discovered hub genes associated with OS in the advancement of
PD, thereby identifying potential targets for therapeutic intervention.

Objectives:
The goal of the current study was to identify the oxidative-stress-related genes (OSRGs)
associated with periodontitis (PD) development using an integrated bioinformatics method.

Methods:
DEGs from GEO gene-expression data were identified using the "limma" package. We
obtained OSRGs from GeneCards and utilized a Venn diagram to uncover differentially expressed
OSRGs (DEOSRGs). After receiving the DEOSRGs, we employed Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto
Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and protein-protein interaction (PPI) analytical
tools to examine their possible functions and pathways in PD. Receiver operating characteristic
(ROC) curves screened for hub genes of PD. RT-qPCR and western blot analysis were used to detect
DEOSRG expression in mouse ligature-induced periodontitis gingival tissues.

Results:
The investigation identified 273 OSRGs. Based on PPI analysis, we recognized 20
OSRGs as hub genes. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that these hub genes were predominantly
enriched in leukocyte migration, lymphocyte proliferation, and humoral immune response,
and associated with leukocyte trans-endothelial migration, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction,
and NF-κB signaling pathway. Following ROC analysis, VCAM1, ITGAM, FCGR3A,
IL1A, PECAM1, and VCAM1were identified as PD prognostic gene. RT-qPCR and western blot
analyses confirmed that the expression ITGAM, FCGR3A, and PECAM1 were significantly
elevated in the gingival tissues obtained from mice.

Conclusion:
This investigation revealed that ITGAM, FCGR3A, and PECAM1 may have a crucial
function in the advancement of PD.
Towards the Integrative Theory of Alzheimer’s Disease: Linking Molecular
Mechanisms of Neurotoxicity, Beta-amyloid Biomarkers, and the Diagnosis
Authors: Molkov Yaroslav I. , Zaretskaia Maria V. , Zaretsky Dmitry V. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
A major gap in amyloid-centric theories of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is that
even though amyloid fibrils per se are not toxic in vitro, the diagnosis of AD clearly correlates with the
density of beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposits. Based on our proposed amyloid degradation toxicity hypothesis,
we developed a mathematical model explaining this discrepancy. It suggests that cytotoxicity depends
on the cellular uptake of soluble Aβ rather than on the presence of amyloid aggregates. The dynamics
of soluble beta-amyloid in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the density of Aβ deposits is described
using a system of differential equations. In the model, cytotoxic damage is proportional to the
cellular uptake of Aβ, while the probability of an AD diagnosis is defined by the Aβ cytotoxicity accumulated
over the duration of the disease. After uptake, Aβ is concentrated intralysosomally, promoting
the formation of fibrillation seeds inside cells. These seeds cannot be digested and are either accumulated
intracellularly or exocytosed. Aβ starts aggregating on the extracellular seeds and, therefore,
decreases in concentration in the interstitial fluid. The dependence of both Aβ toxicity and aggregation
on the same process−cellular uptake of Aβ−explains the correlation between AD diagnosis and the
density of amyloid aggregates in the brain.

Methods:
We tested the model using clinical data obtained from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging
Initiative (ADNI), which included records of beta-amyloid concentration in the cerebrospinal fluid
(CSF-Aβ42) and the density of beta-amyloid deposits measured using positron emission tomography
(PET). The model predicts the probability of AD diagnosis as a function of CSF-Aβ42 and PET and
fits the experimental data at the 95% confidence level.

Results:
Our study shows that existing clinical data allows for the inference of kinetic parameters describing
beta-amyloid turnover and disease progression. Each combination of CSF-Aβ42 and PET values
can be used to calculate the individual’s cellular uptake rate, the effective disease duration, and the
accumulated toxicity. We show that natural limitations on these parameters explain the characteristic
distribution of the clinical dataset for these two biomarkers in the population.

Conclusion:
The resulting mathematical model interprets the positive correlation between the density
of Aβ deposits and the probability of an AD diagnosis without assuming any cytotoxicity of the aggregated
beta-amyloid. To the best of our knowledge, this model is the first to mechanistically explain the
negative correlation between the concentration of Aβ42 in the CSF and the probability of an AD diagnosis.
Finally, based on the amyloid degradation toxicity hypothesis and the insights provided by
mathematical modeling, we propose new pathophysiology-relevant biomarkers to diagnose and predict
AD.
One-pot Multicomponent Reaction: An Efficient Synthesis of
4-(Het)Aryl-substituted Pyrazolo-quinolinones
Authors: Beker Hüseyin Kerim , Kaban Şeniz 
Published: August 2023

Introduction:
Pyrazolo-quinolinones (PQs) are a versatile class of Organic chemistry and it was found that they have very advanced functionally promising as selective compounds due to their scaffold and demonstrated low toxicity and considerable clinical promise. Moreover, these compounds have an important role in different applications such as analytical reagents, technical, pharmaceutical development, and biological markers. So, we aimed to synthesize and characterize new 4-(Het)aryl-substituted Pyrazole-quinolinones.

Methods:
Synthesis of One-Pot Multicomponent Reaction was carried out with the reaction of 5-amino-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole 1a, and 5-amino-3-phenyl-1H-pyrazole 1b and dimedone 2 with some (het)aryl aldehydes 3 using ethanol. Characterizations such as the linear structures and the regiospecificity of the reactions were determined by using NMR, GC-MS, IR, and UV measurements.

Conclusion:
This research will be very useful for all methods and procedures using multi-one-point reactions which are very popular in the synthesis of heterocyclic systems for pyrazole- quinoline skeleton synthesis.
An updated Review on Flaxseed Mucilage (Linum Usitatissimum) Extraction Methods and its Food Applications
Authors: Wal Ankita , Wal Pranay , Gupta Arpit , Morris Srishti , Sahu Kantrol Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract:
Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) has become well recognised as a health food due to its richness in various bioactive substances & nutrients such as lignans, fibres, oil, mucilage, fatty acids, carbohydrates, proteins, micronutrients, and peptides. These elements endow flaxseed with a wide range of beneficial properties that allow it to be used as nutritional supplements or as ingredients in functional beverages and in the food industry. In this review, the nutritional value of flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum) along with its mucilage extraction methods and food applications are described. A comprehensive analysis of the literature search was conducted. A number of databases have been searched using the common terms “Flaxseed”, “Lignans”, “Linum usitatissimum”, “Phytochemicals”, “Food”, and “Functional claim” using PubMed and Google Scholar as search engines. The content was based on information from publications like Springer nature, Hindawi, Elsevier, MDPI, Bentham science, Taylor and Francis, etc. In this review paper we have done an exhaustive analysis of more than 80 review articles, research papers, comprehensive reviews, and case studies published between 1984-2023.
Flaxseed has a nutritional makeup that can be good for your health. Many people remain unaware of the possible numerous medical advantages of flaxseed and its uses in food preparation. Flaxseed is the finest food source for lignans and linolenic acid. The potential for it to serve as a source of soluble fibre, anti-oxidants, and protein of excellent quality is also very high. As a result, it is suggested to use flaxseed as a dietary supplement in whole or ground form.
One of the possible oil seeds is flax, which is rich in nutrients and has a number of health advantages. It's interesting to note that the fibre, lignans, & omega-3 fatty acids found in flax seeds are mostly responsible for their health advantages. Due to its low saturated fat, high Poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), and phytosterol content, consumption of this oil seed could reduce total as well as Low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Flax seeds are processed to make their nutrients more bioavailable.
Machine Learning Algorithms Identify Target Genes and the Molecular
Mechanism of Matrine against Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma
Authors: Zhu Yidong , Ning Zhongping , Li Ximing , Lin Zhikang 
Published: August 2023

Background:
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type
of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma worldwide. Novel treatment strategies are still needed for this
disease.

Objective:
The present study aimed to systematically explore the potential targets and molecular
mechanisms of matrine in the treatment of DLBCL.

Methods:
Potential matrine targets were collected from multiple platforms. Microarray data and
clinical characteristics of DLBCL were downloaded from publicly available database. Differential
expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were applied to
identify the hub genes of DLBCL using R software. Then, the shared target genes between
matrine and DLBCL were identified as the potential targets of matrine against DLBCL. The least
absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) algorithm was used to determine the final
core target genes, which were further verified by molecular docking simulation and receiver operating
characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Functional analysis was also performed to elucidate the
potential mechanisms.

Results:
A total of 222 matrine target genes and 1269 DLBCL hub genes were obtained through
multiple databases and machine learning algorithms. From the nine shared target genes of matrine
and DLBCL, five final core target genes, including CTSL, NR1H2, PDPK1, MDM2, and JAK3,
were identified. Molecular docking showed that the binding of matrine to the core genes was stable.
ROC curves also suggested close associations between the core genes and DLBCL. Additionally,
functional analysis showed that the therapeutic effect of matrine against DLBCL may be
related to the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.

Conclusion:
Matrine may target five genes and the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway in DLBCL treatment.
Replacement Dose for Overt Hypothyroidism Induced by Programmed
Cell Death Protein 1 Antibodies May Be Higher than Recommended
Authors: Zhang Qian , Zhang Yao , Zhu Huijuan , Liu Kuanzhi , Lou Pingping , Kong Peixuan , Su Lei , Wang Shuchang 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The present recommendations, consensus, or guidelines for the replacement
dosage for hypothyroidism induced by programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) therapy are
not uniform, and there are very few special clinical trials that have examined the replacement dosage
for it.

Objectives:
This article illustrates the clinical characteristics of hypothyroidism induced by PD-1
antibodies (Abs) and reports the recommended replacement dosage for hypothyroidism.

Methods:
Eighteen patients with overt primary hypothyroidism induced by PD-1 Abs (group 1)
were selected from 655 patients with different tumor types. Retrospective analysis was performed
on patients in group 1 and 18 patients with natural courses of overt primary hypothyroidism who
were age- and sex-matched with the patients in group 1 (group 2). The replacement dosages required
for the patients in the two groups were compared.

Results:
Thyroid dysfunction occurred in group 1 after approximately 3.0 ± 1.4 cycles of PD-1
therapy (1-6 stages), with a median time of 61.5 days. The median time of onset of hypothyroidism
among all patients was 87.5 days (30-240 days). Most of the patients with hypothyroidism were
asymptomatic, and the onset of hypothyroidism was independent of age, sex, TPOAb, TgAb and
TSH in group 1 (P>0.05). The average replacement dosage for patients in group 1 was 1.8 ± 0.6
μg/kg/d (0.6-3.2 μg/kg/d). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that sex, age, TPOAb, TgAb
and TSH were not correlated with drug dosage.

Conclusion:
It seemed that the average maintenance dosage of levothyroxine might need to be 1.8
μg/kg/day for patients with overt hypothyroidism induced by PD-1 Abs.
Rewitalizacja w polityce rozwoju województwa mazowieckiego na tle uwarunkowań krajowych i unijnych – doświadczenia i perspektywy
Authors: Kucharska Agata , Piwowarczyk Dariusz 
Published: August 2023

W artykule przeanalizowano prowadzoną od blisko 25 lat politykę rozwoju województwa w zakresie rewitalizacji, wyrażoną w dokumentach strategicznych i planistycznych poziomu regionalnego, w kontekście zmieniających się uwarunkowań krajowych i unijnej polityki spójności. Ponadto zbadano rolę Samorządu Województwa Mazowieckiego we wdrażaniu środków unijnych na działania rewitalizacyjne w ramach Zintegrowanego Programu Operacyjnego Rozwoju Regionalnego 2004–2006 oraz dwóch edycji Regionalnego programu operacyjnego województwa mazowieckiego: 2007–2013 i 2014–2020. Przedstawiono również zestawienie środków Europejskiego Funduszu Rozwoju Regionalnego wydatkowanych na projekty rewitalizacyjne w ramach powyższych programów. Dodatkowo przeanalizowano działania komplementarne i uzupełniające do rewitalizacji na obszarach wiejskich w zakresie odnowy wsi, wdrażane przez samorząd województwa w ramach programów krajowych: Sektorowego Programu Operacyjnego – Restrukturyzacja i modernizacja sektora żywnościowego i rozwój obszarów wiejskich 2004–2006 oraz dwóch edycji Programu Rozwoju Obszarów Wiejskich: 2007–2013 i 2014–2020. Słowa kluczowe: rewitalizacja, polityka rozwoju, województwo mazowieckie, regionalne programy operacyjne, dofinansowanie UE