bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Inequality Crossroads of Mortality: Socioeconomic Disparities in Life Expectancy and Life Span in Mexico Between 1990 and 2015
Authors: Gómez-Ugarte Ana C. , García-Guerrero Víctor M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe Mexican health system has been characterized by a mixture of progress and pitfalls, resulting in persistent inequalities. The main causes of death are related to socioeconomic factors reflecting the lack of opportunities regarding access to education, employment, income, and public health services. In this paper, we study the association between social inequality and mortality to assess how population composition by socioeconomic level shapes overall mortality. Socioeconomic information from vital statistics of mortality is used to estimate life expectancy (LE) and lifespan variability by age, sex, and socioeconomic status using three variables: educational attainment, occupation, and access to social security. We also use a decomposition method to separate the effect of changes in population composition by socioeconomic status from changes in mortality by education over changes in LE and lifespan variation. We find that increasing educational attainment and health coverage impact LE positively. The population without formal education and those without access to social security are the worst socioeconomic positions for mortality. The effects of changes in population composition by socioeconomic status is greater for men than for women. Given the amount of contribution from the population structure by socioeconomic status, the implementation of social policies focused on broadening access to tertiary education—which incentivize formal employment and seek to achieve universal health coverage—could boost an increase in the survivorship of Mexican population.
Africa’s businesswomen – underfunded or underperforming?
Authors: Ackah Charles , Görg Holger , Hanley Aoife , Hornok Cecilia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhile the recent success of Africa’s ‘Lionesses’ – successful female entrepreneurs – is internationally celebrated, less is known about how liquidity can fuel the success of the ‘Lionesses’ and other businesswomen. Using information from a panel of over 800 male- and female-owned businesses in Ghana (ISSER-IGC survey), we capture a measure of underfunding, in addition to data on supplier credit, equity and other finance sources. Our regressions reveal a female-to-male productivity gap of between − 11 and − 19 per cent, values similar to estimates for other African countries. However, when financial constraints are taken into account, the gender performance gap disappears. Accordingly, female business owners who indicate that funding is not a problem are associated with higher productivity than males, all things equal. In a finding new to the literature, our regressions reveal the importance of supplier credit for Africa’s businesswomen.
Medical articles in questionable journals are less impactful than those in non-questionable journals but still extensively cited
Authors: Stephen Dimity 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA key feature of questionable journals is a lack of adequate peer review of their articles. Content of thus unknown quality may be utilised by unsuspecting practitioners or incorporated into peer-reviewed research, becoming legitimised. It is therefore necessary to examine the citation patterns of articles in questionable journals to understand their impact and reach. Similar research has tended to focus on authors from low- and middle-income countries. As such, this study investigates the profile and impact of research in questionable journals by authors in Germany. Questionable journals were identified by matching journals with articles by authors at German institutions from Dimensions to Cabell’s Predatory Reports. Metadata for these articles and a comparative sample of articles in non-questionable journals were extracted from Dimensions and the 3 year citations, self-citations, uncited rate, profile of co-authoring and citing countries, and institution type of authors were compared between groups. Nearly 600 articles in 88 questionable journals were published by German authors in 2010–2020. Three-quarters were in the medical and health sciences. Medical articles in questionable journals received significantly fewer citations than similar articles in non-questionable journals. However, articles in questionable journals were still extensively cited in 1736 primarily non-questionable journals. Self-citations accounted for only 12% of these citations. Authors from non-university medical facilities were over-represented in articles in questionable journals. System-level changes are necessary to eliminate questionable journals and shift high-quality research into reputable venues.
Epistemic agency and the generalisation of fear
Authors: Puddifoot Katherine , Trakas Marina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFear generalisation is a psychological phenomenon that occurs when fear that is elicited in response to a frightening stimulus spreads to similar or related stimuli. The practical harms of pathological fear generalisation related to trauma are well-documented, but little or no attention has been given so far to its epistemic harms. This paper fills this gap in the literature. It shows how the psychological phenomenon, when it becomes pathological, substantially curbs the epistemic agency of those who experience the fear that generalizes, limiting their ability to respond to evidence, and substantially limiting their epistemic horizons. It is argued that when these epistemic harms are caused by wrongful actions and decisions of individuals or institutions, because the fear is elicited in response to a traumatic experience inflicted by them, the harms should be considered epistemic wrongs. The epistemic wrongs are closely akin to agential epistemic injustice, a variety of distributive epistemic injustice, and sometimes also involve epistemic exclusion. The paper thereby identifies a previously underexplored psychological mechanism that can be a vehicle through which both individuals and institutions can epistemically wrong others. The argument has implications for how both epistemic wrongs and epistemic injustice should be conceived, suggesting that both can occur without being caused by primarily epistemic flaws or errors, or a bad epistemic character. Finally, it highlights the advantage of taking a victim-centred approach to understanding epistemic harm.
One size does not fit all: detecting attention in children with autism using machine learning
Authors: Banire Bilikis , Al Thani Dena , Qaraqe Marwa 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDetecting the attention of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is of paramount importance for desired learning outcome. Teachers often use subjective methods to assess the attention of children with ASD, and this approach is tedious and inefficient due to disparate attentional behavior in ASD. This study explores the attentional behavior of children with ASD and the control group: typically developing (TD) children, by leveraging machine learning and unobtrusive technologies such as webcams and eye-tracking devices to detect attention objectively. Person-specific and generalized machine models for face-based, gaze-based, and hybrid-based (face and gaze) are proposed in this paper. The performances of these three models were compared, and the gaze-based model outperformed the others. Also, the person-specific model achieves higher predictive power than the generalized model for the ASD group. These findings stress the direction of model design from traditional one-size-fits-all models to personalized models.
Exploring invertebrate indicators of ecosystem health by focusing on the flow transitional zones in a large, shallow eutrophic lake
Authors: Hao Aimin , Kobayashi Sohei , Chen Fangbo , Yan Zhixiong , Torii Takaaki , Zhao Min , Iseri Yasushi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe river–lake transitional zone provides a unique environment for the biological community and can reduce pollution inputs in lake ecosystems from their catchments. To explore environmental conditions with high purification potential in Lake Taihu and indicator species, we examined the river-to-lake changes in water and sediment quality and benthic invertebrate communities in the transitional zone of four regions. The spatial variations in the environment and invertebrate community observed in this study followed the previously reported patterns in Taihu; the northern and western regions were characterized by higher nutrient concentrations in water, higher heavy metal concentrations in sediment, and higher total invertebrate density and biomass dominated by pollution-tolerant oligochaetes and chironomids. Although nutrient concentrations were low and transparency was high in the eastern region, the taxon richness was the lowest there, which disagreed with the previous findings and might be due to a poor cover of macrophytes in this study. The river-to-lake change was large in the southern region for water quality and the invertebrate community. Water circulation induced by strong wind-wave actions in the lake sites of the southern region is assumed to have promoted photosynthetic and nutrient uptake activities and favored invertebrates that require well-aerated conditions such as polychaetes and burrowing crustaceans. Invertebrates usually adapted to brackish and saline environments are suggested to be indicators of a well-circulated environment with active biogeochemical processes and a less eutrophic state in Taihu, and wind-wave actions are key to maintaining such a community and natural purifying processes.
Greater myofibrillar protein synthesis following weight-bearing activity in obese old compared with non-obese old and young individuals
Authors: Morgan Paul T. , Smeuninx Benoit , Marshall Ryan N. , Korzepa Marie , Quinlan Jonathan I. , McPhee Jamie S. , Breen Leigh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe mechanisms through which obesity impacts age-related muscle mass regulation are unclear. In the present study, rates of integrated myofibrillar protein synthesis (iMyoPS) were measured over 48-h prior-to and following a 45-min treadmill walk in 10 older-obese (O-OB, body fat[%]: 33 ± 3%), 10 older-non-obese (O-NO, 20 ± 3%), and 15 younger-non-obese (Y-NO, 13 ± 5%) individuals. Surface electromyography was used to determine thigh muscle “activation”. Quadriceps cross-sectional area (CSA), volume, and intramuscular thigh fat fraction (ITFF) were measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Quadriceps maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) was measured by dynamometry. Quadriceps CSA and volume were greater (muscle volume, Y-NO: 1182 ± 232 cm3; O-NO: 869 ± 155 cm3; O-OB: 881 ± 212 cm3, P < 0.01) and ITFF significantly lower (m. vastus lateralis, Y-NO: 3.0 ± 1.0%; O-NO: 4.0 ± 0.9%; O-OB: 9.1 ± 2.6%, P ≤ 0.03) in Y-NO compared with O-NO and O-OB, with no difference between O-NO and O-OB in quadriceps CSA and volume. ITFF was significantly higher in O-OB compared with O-NO. Relative MVC was lower in O-OB compared with Y-NO and O-NO (Y-NO: 5.5 ± 1.6 n·m/kg−1; O-NO: 3.9 ± 1.0 n·m/kg−1; O-OB: 2.9 ± 1.1 n·m/kg−1, P < 0.0001). Thigh muscle “activation” during the treadmill walk was greater in O-OB compared with Y-NO and O-NO (Y-NO: 30.5 ± 13.5%; O-NO: 35.8 ± 19.7%; O-OB: 68.3 ± 32.3%, P < 0.01). Habitual iMyoPS did not differ between groups, whereas iMyoPS was significantly elevated over 48-h post-walk in O-OB (+ 38.6 ± 1.2%·day−1, P < 0.01) but not Y-NO or O-NO (+ 11.4 ± 1.1%·day−1 and + 17.1 ± 1.1%·day−1, respectively, both P > 0.271). Equivalent muscle mass in O-OB may be explained by the muscle anabolic response to weight-bearing activity, whereas the age-related decline in indices of muscle quality appears to be exacerbated in O-OB and warrants further exploration.
Waves in a Stochastic Cell Motility Model
Authors: Hamster Christian , van Heijster Peter 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn Bhattacharya et al. (Sci Adv 6(32):7682, 2020), a set of chemical reactions involved in the dynamics of actin waves in cells was studied at two levels. The microscopic level, where the individual chemical reactions are directly modelled using Gillespie-type algorithms, and on a macroscopic level where a deterministic reaction–diffusion equation arises as the large-scale limit of the underlying chemical reactions. In this work, we derive, and subsequently study, the related mesoscopic stochastic reaction–diffusion system, or chemical Langevin equation, that arises from the same set of chemical reactions. We explain how the stochastic patterns that arise from this equation can be used to understand the experimentally observed dynamics from Bhattacharya et al. In particular, we argue that the mesoscopic stochastic model better captures the microscopic behaviour than the deterministic reaction–diffusion equation, while being more amenable for mathematical analysis and numerical simulations than the microscopic model.
Accounting for the middle: motivations, extent, and limitations of middle managers’ earnings management
Authors: Wagener Sebastian 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe accounting process is complex and prone to interference from the various parties involved. Using middle managers, we examine one of the unknowns of this process. They are able to influence earnings long before top executives can, but their actions are virtually untraceable in consolidated financial statements. We gather survey data from 77 middle managers to shed light on their motivations, the extent of their earnings management, and the relevant limitations of the associated practices. Our results indicate that there is no uniform motivation that drives all of these managers equally. The spectrum of reported motivations includes meeting targets, smoothing earnings, and reducing future expectations. Despite this diversity, a large majority of the surveyed middle managers state that they manage earnings substantially but mostly downwards. To this end, they employ both accounting actions, such as adjustments to provisions, and real actions, such as transaction shifts. In the opinions of the middle managers in this sample, the factors that most limit their discretion are auditors and internal controls. The results also reveal the influence of superiors on middle managers’ practices throughout the accounting process.
Imaging findings of juvenile idiopathic arthritis and autoinflammatory diseases in children
Authors: Tsujioka Yuko , Nishimura Gen , Sugimoto Hideharu , Nozaki Taiki , Kono Tatsuo , Jinzaki Masahiro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractJuvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a collective term for pediatric inflammatory arthritis of unknown etiology, which presents diverse clinical and imaging findings. The pathogenesis is complex; however, most cases stem from an autoimmune mechanism. Herein we provide a short review of imaging findings of JIA. Imaging assessment begins with plain radiography demonstrating joint swelling, periarticular osteopenia, and juxtaarticular bone erosion. Bone erosion occurs later in JIA. Instead, aberrant epimetaphyseal growth often gives the first clue to the diagnosis. US and MRI can demonstrate the details of the synovium, cartilage, and subchondral bone. JIA is subdivided into oligoarthritis, polyarthritis (rheumatoid factor-negative and positive), psoriatic arthritis, enthesitis-related arthritis, and systemic JIA. Awareness of the different clinical characteristics, pathogenic background, and prognosis of each subtype facilitates a more advanced, imaging-based diagnosis. Unlike the other types, systemic JIA is an autoinflammatory disease accompanied by inflammatory cytokinemia and systemic symptoms stemming from aberrant activation of the innate immunity. Other autoinflammatory diseases, both monogenic (e.g., NOMID/CINCA) and multifactorial (e.g., CRMO), are also discussed.
Treatment of Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Authors: Shamsi Aamir , Cannata Antonio , Piper Susan , Bromage Daniel I. , McDonagh Theresa A. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
Heart failure (HF) is commonly associated with iron deficiency (ID), defined as insufficient levels of iron to meet physiological demands. ID’s association with anaemia is well understood but it is increasingly recognised as an important comorbidity in HF, even in the absence of anaemia. This review summarises contemporary evidence for the measurement and treatment of ID, in both HFrEF and HFpEF, and specific HF aetiologies, and highlights important gaps in the evidence-base.

Recent Findings
ID is common among patients with HF and associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Correcting ID in patients with HF can impact upon functional status, exercise tolerance, symptoms, and overall quality of life, irrespective of anaemia status.

Summary
ID is a modifiable comorbidity in HF. Therefore, recognising and treating ID has emerging therapeutic potential and is important for all clinicians who care for patients with HF to understand the rationale and approach to treatment.
Advances in Osteosarcoma
Authors: Panez-Toro Isidora , Muñoz-García Javier , Vargas-Franco Jorge W. , Renodon-Cornière Axelle , Heymann Marie-Françoise , Lézot Frédéric , Heymann Dominique 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This article gives a brief overview of the most recent developments in osteosarcoma treatment, including targeting of signaling pathways, immune checkpoint inhibitors, drug delivery strategies as single or combined approaches, and the identification of new therapeutic targets to face this highly heterogeneous disease.

Recent Findings
Osteosarcoma is one of the most common primary malignant bone tumors in children and young adults, with a high risk of bone and lung metastases and a 5-year survival rate around 70% in the absence of metastases and 30% if metastases are detected at the time of diagnosis. Despite the novel advances in neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the effective treatment for osteosarcoma has not improved in the last 4 decades. The emergence of immunotherapy has transformed the paradigm of treatment, focusing therapeutic strategies on the potential of immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, the most recent clinical trials show a slight improvement over the conventional polychemotherapy scheme.

Summary
The tumor microenvironment plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma by controlling the tumor growth, the metastatic process and the drug resistance and paved the way of new therapeutic options that must be validated by accurate pre-clinical studies and clinical trials.
Investigating the role of knowledge-based supply chains for supply chain resilience by graph theory matrix approach
Authors: Sezer Muruvvet Deniz , Ozbiltekin-Pala Melisa , Kazancoglu Yigit , Garza-Reyes Jose Arturo , Kumar Anil , Kumar Vikas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNowadays, providing information flow at every phase of a knowledge-based supply chain with technologies has become a vital issue due to rapid population growth, globalisation, and increases in demand in the supply chain. Knowledge-based supply chains have a critical role in increasing resilience in supply chain processes with emerging technologies. Thus, it is necessary to determine the critical factors that increase SC resilience. Therefore, this study aims to determine SC resilience improvement factors in knowledge-based supply chains and investigate the importance level of determining factors using the Graph Theory Matrix Approach. The results suggest that the most important supply chain resilience improvement factor is Adaptive Capacity (F3), followed by Product Prioritization (F9) and Flexibility (F1), respectively. This study is expected to benefit managers and policymakers as it provides a better understanding of critical SC resilience improvement factors that play a role in knowledge-based supply chains. In order to increase resilience in the supply chain, system thinking and solutions should be encouraged by businesses to increase collaboration with stakeholders. Businesses and governments should provide collaborative long-term solutions for the uncertain environment to ensure a sustainable and resilient environment.
Don’t sweat the small stuff; anger rumination and lack of forgiveness are related to aggressive driving behaviours
Authors: Stephens Amanda N. , Collard James , Koppel Sjaan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAggressive drivers pose a significant road safety threat to themselves and other road users. Therefore, understanding the relationships between certain cognitive processes and increased frequency of aggression has the potential to reduce road trauma through intervention. This study examined the relationships between anger rumination and forgiveness with trait driving anger and aggressive driving. These factors have previously been individually identified as predictors of aggression; but have yet to be considered simultaneously, despite recognised association between forgiveness and rumination tendencies outside of road safety research. Aggressive driving was measured across three facets of behaviour: verbal aggression, physical aggression, and use of the vehicle to display anger. Adaptive constructive responses to driving anger were also considered. Five hundred and one drivers (mean age = 43.7; SD = 17.7; men = 53.8%) completed an online questionnaire seeking information on these factors. Structural equation modelling showed that, after controlling for gender, 62% of the variance in aggressive driving was explained by a combination of trait driving anger, more frequent rumination and lower levels of forgiveness. Specifically, lower levels of forgiveness predicted more anger rumination (accounting for 49% of the variance), and the relationship between anger rumination and aggression was fully mediated by trait driving anger. A second model demonstrated that 17% of the variance in adaptive constructive responses to anger could be explained by higher levels of forgiveness, lower rumination and driving anger. Efforts to improve driver behaviour need to focus primarily on the reduction of driving anger. This could be achieved by reducing rumination through the promotion of forgiveness for the behaviour of other drivers.
Application of a Designed Mixed Model Approach for Antioxidant Extraction from Pomace
Authors: Wiedemair Verena , Zlöbl Dominik , Bach Katrin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPomace is a residue of juice production, but still holds many valuable compounds, such as antioxidants. However, efficient extraction proves to be challenging, as extractability is highly dependent on experimental conditions. Furthermore, antioxidants are also often retained by structural polysaccharides. Consequently, this study investigates the extractability of antioxidants in five different types of pomace in a 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 full factorial fully replicated design to determine the most efficient way of extraction. Therefore, extracting agent, temperature, extraction method and use of enzyme to break down structural components were alternated to investigate the effects of these parameters on the extractability. Main effects as well as interaction effects were estimated with linear mixed models. To study the effects of polysaccharides on the retention of antioxidants, the amount of soluble polysaccharides was measured and connected to the antioxidant capacity at each experimental condition. The experiments showed that acetone was most suitable as an extracting agent and that the use of pectinase significantly increased the amount of extracted antioxidants. Additionally, ultrasound-assisted extraction is advantageous compared to extraction in water bath. Temperature showed the lowest effect in this experimental design. Lastly, the results also highlight that the amount of soluble polysaccharides does not correlate with the extractability of antioxidants.