bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Electrical Properties of Preparing Biodegradable Polymer Blends of PVA/Starch Doping with Rhodamine –B
Authors: Sweah Zainab J. , Malik Fatima hameed , Abdul Karem Alyaa 
Published: May 2023

This research focuses on the characteristics of polyvinyl alcohol and starch polymer blends doping with Rhodamine-B. The polymer blends were prepared using the solution cast method, which comprises 1:1(wt. /wt.). The polymer blends of PVA and starch with had different ratios of glycerin 0, 25, 30, 35, and 40 % wt. The ratio of 30% wt of glycerin was found to be the most suitable mechanical properties by strength and elasticity. The polymer blend of 1:1 wt ratios of starch/PVA and 30% wt of glycerin were doped with different ratios of Rhoda mine-B dye 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6% wt and the electrical properties of doping biodegradable blends were studied. The ratio of Rhodamine-B 5% wt to the polymer blends showed high conductivity up to 1×10-3. In general, the electrical conductivity was increased with high temperature, which is similar to the behavior of semi-conductive polymers.
This work focuses on the characteristics of polymer blend based on starch and polyvinyl alcohol doping with Rhodamine-B. the polymer blends were prepared using the solution cast method, which comprising 1:1(wt./wt.). ratio starch and polyvinyl alcohol and different ratio of glycerin (0, 25, 30, 35,and 40) %. The ratio of 30% of glycerin was found to be the most suitable mechanical properties. The polymer blend of 1:1 starch/PVA and 30%of glycerin were doped with different ratio of Rhoda mine-B dye (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6%) and the electrical properties of doping biodegradable blends were studied. The ratio of Rhodamine-B 5% to the polymer blends was high conductivity up to 1×10-3. In general, the electrical conductivity was increased with high temperature this is similar to the behavior of semi-conductive polymers.
This work focuses on the characteristics of polymer blend based on starch and polyvinyl alcohol doping with Rhodamine-B. the polymer blends were prepared using the solution cast method, which comprising 1:1(wt./wt.). ratio starch and polyvinyl alcohol and different ratio of glycerin (0, 25, 30, 35,and 40) %. The ratio of 30% of glycerin was found to be the most suitable mechanical properties. The polymer blend of 1:1 starch/PVA and 30%of glycerin were doped with different ratio of Rhoda mine-B dye (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6%) and the electrical properties of doping biodegradable blends were studied. The ratio of Rhodamine-B 5% to the polymer blends was high conductivity up to 1×10-3. In general, the electrical conductivity was increased with high temperature this is similar to the behavior of semi-conductive polymers.
Some Types of Mappings in Bitopological Spaces
Authors: Ashaea G. S. , Yaqoub Yousif 
Published: May 2023

This work, introduces some concepts in bitopological spaces, which are nm-j-ω-converges to a subset, nm-j-ω-directed toward a set, nm-j-ω-closed mappings, nm-j-ω-rigid set, and nm-j-ω-continuous mappings. The mainline idea in this paper is nm-j-ω-perfect mappings in bitopological spaces such that n = 1,2 and m =1,2 n ≠ m. Characterizations concerning these concepts and several theorems are studied, where j = q , δ, a , pre, b, b.
Gain neuromodulation mediates perceptual switches: evidence from pupillometry, fMRI, and RNN Modelling
Authors: Wainstein Gabriel , Whyte Christopher , Martens Kaylena Ehgoetz , Müller Eli , Munn Brandon , Medel Vicente , Anderson Britt , Stöttinger Elisabeth , Danckert James , Shine James 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Perception is thought to rely upon evolving activity within a recurrent, distributed thalamocortical network whose interconnections are modulated by bursts of ascending neuromodulatory neurotransmitters, such as noradrenaline. To test this hypothesis, we leveraged a combination of pupillometry, fMRI and recurrent neural network modelling of an ambiguous figures task. Qualitative shifts in the perceptual interpretation of an ambiguous image were associated with peaks in pupil diameter, an indirect readout of phasic noradrenergic bursts. Based on previous modelling work, we hypothesized that increases in neuromodulatory tone led to neural gain alteration so as to causally mediate perceptual switches. To test this hypothesis, we trained a recurrent neural network to perform an analogous perceptual categorisation task, and then manipulated the gain of the RNN to mimic the effect of neuromodulators, such as noradrenaline. As predicted, we observed an earlier perceptual shift as a function of heightened gain. Leveraging a low-dimensional readout of the RNN dynamics, and a measure of the energy landscape traversed by the dynamics, we developed two novel predictions: perceptual switches should co-occur with peaks in low-dimensional brain state velocity and with flattened energy landscape dynamics. We used whole-brain fMRI data to confirm these predictions. These results confirm the core role of the neuromodulatory system in the large-scale network reconfigurations that mediate perceptual switches.
Mobile Application and Advanced Analytics in Wound Care: Variable Predictors of Wound Evolution in a Public Intermediate Hospital
Authors: Reifs David , Casanova-Lozano Lorena , Reig-Bolaño Ramon , Grau-Carrion Sergi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background: Chronic wounds are one of the most frequent complications of pathologies such as diabetes mellitus, peripheral neuropathy, atherosclerosis, and infections. Early diagnosis and effective treatment are required to avoid later complications leading to infections or amputations. The early assessment of this type of wound is crucial when detecting patterns that require unique and rapid care.
Methods: In the present study, 2,750 wound samples consisting of images and anamnesis taken by Hospital Santa Creu de Vic with the Clinicgram® application over three years were captured. The area’s evolution as an indicator of healing was observed between the different characteristics obtained from the application. Two ratios are calculated corresponding to the healing rate and healing time, which refer to the percentage of wounds that reduce their area 50% after four weeks. It has also been considered that necrotic tissue does not increase, and the wound does not become infected. These ratios were compared between etiologies and treatments and the different criteria of the Resvech scale. A Kruskal-Wallis test and ANOVA were performed to assess whether there are statistically significant differences between the groups of samples corresponding to the calculated ratios between the different Resvech parameters. P-values of less than 0.05 in all of them indicate that the groups come from statistically different distributions.
Results: A strong correlation between size, edges and exudate with healing results was observed in patients with venous ulcers (24.44%) and traumatic ulcers (29.73%). Mean of 4 weeks of healing time for wounds between 64cm2 and 100cm2, five weeks for damaged edges and three weeks for wounds with the presence of epithelial tissue.
Conclusion: The importance of systematic data collection using applications like Clinicgram® incorporated into clinical practice is justified to record the variables with which these conclusions can be obtained. Wound assessment variables in elderly patients are correlated and impact on the healing process.
Convolutional neural network classifier incorporating misclassification information
Authors: Hu Junying , Fei Rongrong , Du Fang , Chang Peiju , Zhang Jiangshe 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In this paper we introduce misclassification information for the improved training of convolutional neural network classifiers (CNNCs) for image recognition. We construct a additional autoencoder neural network, called tutor, that forces the CNNCs to learn the difference between the misclassified picture and the picture corresponding to the misclassified category. Making full use of the classification results to guide the CNNCs for purposeful learning is expected to improve the learning efficiency and classification performance. We integrate the proposed tutor into several state-of-the-art CNNCs architectures and demonstrate improvement in their recognition performance on CIFAR-10/100 and MNIST datasets. Our results suggest that making the most of misclassification information to guide the training of the model can lead to significant performance improvement.
Acoustic Signals Based Crowd Analysis and Classification Model
Authors: Swathi H.Y , Shivakumar G 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The emergences in computing technologies have broadened the horizon for vision-based surveillance, monitoring and control. However, complex and inferior feature learning over visual artefacts or video streams, especially under extreme conditions confine majority of the at-hand vision-based crowd analysis and classification systems. Retrieving event-sensitive or crowd-type sensitive spatio-temporal features for the different crowd types under extreme conditions is highly complex task. Despite numerous efforts in vision-based approaches, the lack of acoustic cues often create ambiguity in crowd classification. In this research, a novel audio-based feature learning model is developed for crowd analysis and classification. In this work, the audio samples (from the input video) were processed for static (fixed size) sampling, pre-emphasis, block framing and Hann windowing, followed by acoustic feature extraction like GTCC, GTCC-Delta, GTCC-Delta-Delta, MFCC, Spectral Entropy, Spectral Flux, Spectral Slope and Harmonics to noise Ratio (HNR). Finally, the extractedacousticfeatures were processed for classification using the random forest ensemble classifier. The audio-basedclassification model yield classification accuracy of 92.67%, precision of 93.80%, sensitivity82.91%, specificity of 90.48% and F-Measure of 0.9239.
Climate change and human health: Estimating district-level health vulnerabilities in the Indian context
Authors: Chaudhry Divya , Mukhopadhyay Indranil 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Evidence on the health impact of climate change has been extensively documented in recent scholarly literature. In order to mitigate the adverse health effects induced by climate change, the need for conducting vulnerability assessments has been emphasized. A higher vulnerability to climate change is often linked with substantial risks to human lives and built environment. Despite the potential of vulnerability assessments in alleviating risks posed by climate change, only a limited amount of scholarly work in this domain has been conducted in the Indian context. The present research addresses this lacuna and contributes to the limited scholarship on climate change and health vulnerability assessments in India. Drawing on the vulnerability assessment framework introduced by the fourth assessment report (AR4) of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), this paper estimates district-level health vulnerabilities caused by climate change using multi-dimensional indices. The indices are multi-dimensional since they integrate 50 district-level indicators from 8 data sources for all 640 Census 2011 districts. The statistical technique of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) has been used for integrating the indicators. The findings of this paper indicate that nearly 56 percent of India’s population in 344 districts is highly vulnerable to the health impact of climate change. The results also suggest that Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Jharkhand, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Uttarakhand, Jammu and Kashmir, and Arunachal Pradesh have the highest number of districts in the top-10 percent vulnerable category. The paper argues that measures to address social determinants of health and strengthen adaptive capacity are needed to reduce health vulnerabilities to climate change.
An oral triple pill-based cocktail effectively controls acute myeloid leukemia with high translation
Authors: Li Mengyuan , Zheng Shuwen , Gong Qinyuan , Zhuang Haifeng , Wu Zhaoxing , Wang Ping , Zhang Xuzhao , Xu Rongzhen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a deadly hematological malignancy characterized by oncogenic translational addiction that results in over-proliferation and apoptosis evasion of leukemia cells. Various chemo- and targeted-therapies aimed at reversing this hallmark, but most show only modest efficacy. Here we report a single oral pill containing low-dose triple small molecule-based cocktail, a highly active anti-cancer therapy (HAACT) with unique mechanisms, that can effectively control AML. The cocktail comprises of oncogenic translation inhibitor Homoharringtonine (HHT), drug efflux pump P-gpi Encequidar (ENC) and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2i Venetoclax (VEN). Mechanically, the cocktail potently kills both leukemia stem cells (LSC) and bulk leukemic cells via co-targeting oncogenic translation, apoptosis machinery and drug efflux pump, resulting in deep and durable remissions of AML in diverse model systems. We also identified EphB4/Bcl-xL as the cocktail response biomarkers. Collectively, we for the first time develop an oral triple pill-based cocktail with high efficacy, safety, simplicity for the AML patients, and provide proof of concept that a single pill containing triple combination cocktail is a promising avenue for AML therapy.
Adsorption properties of hollow carbon spheres to gaseous cyclohexane using DFT simulation and experiments
Authors: Zhao Xiaoben , Chen Guanyu , He Song , Sheng Hongliang , Sun Junwei , Wu Xiya , Tian Fuliang , Zhang Xiaoqian 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The cyclohexane is the common toxic volatiles emitted from the 8 various industry in worldwide leading to environmental degradation and human 9 illnesses. Hence, there is a requirement for an efficient and stable adsorbent for 10 adsorbing these toxic molecules to safeguard human health and the air atmosphere. 11 Hollow carbon spheres (HCS) are a new type of carbon nanomaterial with large specific 12 surface area, low density, and good chemical and thermal stability. In this study, DFT 13 simulations and static-dynamic adsorption studies of cyclohexane were carried out 14 using HCS as the adsorbent material. Among them, static adsorption focuses on 15 adsorption/desorption isotherm, adsorption isotherm model fitting and isosteric heat of 16 adsorption. Dynamic adsorption was mainly studied the effect of initial concentrations, 17 gas flow rate and ambient temperature on adsorption performance. The results showed 18 that HCS exhibited very good performance in cyclohexane adsorption.
A novel spectral clustering algorithm based on neighbor relation and Gaussian kernel function with only one parameter
Authors: Zhou Hao , Wang Zekun , Chen Hongjia , Wang Xiang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Spectral clustering has become a prevalent option for data clustering as it performs well on non-convex spatial datasets with sophisticated structures. The spectral clustering effects depend on the construction of the similarity graph matrix. In this paper, in order to further enhance the clustering performance, we propose a novel similarity measure function based on neighbor relations. The proposed method is called SC-NR. It uses the Gaussian kernel function to measure the similarity between two objects. Since Euclidean distance cannot fully reflect the relation between data, this method adds a weight related to the order of nearest neighbors to the distance between two points. The similarity is better expressed by weighted-Euclidean distance. In experiments, we compared the proposed method with the previous works via the external indexes, that is, clustering accuracy (ACC), normalized mutual information (NMI), and F-measure. The comparison of indexes with state-of-the-art methods demonstrates the superiority of our algorithm. The experiment includes 6 synthetic datasets and 12 real-world datasets. For instance, in the PenDigits dataset F-measure metric is 16.50% higher than the current algorithms.
Clinical validation of a next-generation sequencing assay for 17 cancer related mutations in non-small cell Lung cancer
Authors: Xu Bing , Shan Guangyu , Gao Sihang , Wang Yanrong , Wang Weiwei , Pan Xiaoxi , Zhang Dongxing , Lin Lijiao , Gao Jing , Che Nanying , Ji Xiaoyong , Pan Junhua 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) enables rapid and repeat testing of actionable mutations with fewer side effects compared to tissue biopsy. And the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) based on ctDNA as a diagnostic tool in clinical settings is growing. We developed a hybridization capture massively parallel NGS assay using ctDNA, USCI-CT, across 20 cancer relevant genes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Clinical validations of this assay across 17 mutations were presented.Methods Clinical NSCLC samples and simulated negative and positive cell-free DNA (cfDNA) samples were applied to validate the technical performance of this assay. First, 40 simulated negative control cfDNA samples were used to evaluate the systemic error levels to delimit the limit of detection of variant allele frequency (VAF). And, 92 clinical NSCLC samples were genotyped by USCI-CT and ddPCR to decide the proper limit of VAF, depth of coverage, and the average depth of target regions for confidently detecting mutations for USCI-CT. Second, one simulated negative cfDNA sample and two simulated positive cfDNA samples in seven replicates were used to assess the precision of the assay. Finally, 518 clinical NSCLC samples were recruited to evaluate the analytical sensitivity and specificity of USCI-CT.Results The assay-specific systemic error rate was below 0.20% by sequencing sixty-seven simulated negative control cfDNA samples. The proper cutoff of detection of VAF, coverage of depth of mutation loci, and average depth of target regions were decided at 0.20%, 1000×, and 1400×. The analytical sensitivity and specificity achieved a satisfactory level with 98.32% and 99.85% for single nucleotide variant (SNV) detection and 97.30% and 96.86% for EGFR exon 19 deletions, respectively.Conclusions The results indicated that the USCI-CT assay can reliably detect NSCLC related mutations at 0.20% variant frequency level and provided insights into the incorporation of hybridization captured NGS-based ctDNA assay into oncology clinical settings.
Determinants of Income Inequality in Kobo Town
Authors: Zegeye Tewodros 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Income inequality is when individuals living in a given country earn disproportionate income levels. This accounts for the presence of high poverty, especially for households with lower incomes. Identifying the factors determining the existence of inequality is essential to reduce income inequality. With this objective, this study analyzes the determinants of income inequality in kobo town. To explore the determinants of income inequality, primary data obtained from the sample households for the city is applied. The inequality situation in this town is analyzed using income distributions, proving that income inequality in the city is high, and the Gini index of income is 0.38. then, marginal effects from the ordered logit model proved that households with houses have a higher probability of being in a high-income group than those who have lived in a rented house to be in a high-income stream. The effects of continuous variable reported as high education level is associated with a high probability of being a higher income earner.
Factors affecting residents’ internal motivation, grit and well-being
Authors: Chuented Pimwipa , Puranitee Pongtong , Pakakasama Samart , Meepanya Suganda 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background:
In competency-based medical education for postgraduate training, residents face many challenging situations, which some might compromise their well-being or lead them to exhaustion or burnout. Factors in self-determination theory and grit are important part for residents pursue to learning outcome achievement and good well-being. This study aimed to explore a relationship between internal motivation, grit, well-being, and other factors related to internal motivation, grit, well-being among non-western Asian residents.
Methods
An explanatory sequential mixed-methods study using a survey to explore correlations between satisfaction with psychological needs, grit, and WHO well-being from September to November 2021, among residents in Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University. The students who scored the highest and lowest on each part were purposively invited to participate to the second phase. In Phase 2, a semi-structure interviews were applied. A thematic analysis was used by two researchers and the data was collected until saturation point was met.
Results
A total of 245 residents (51% major ward, 65% female) participated in the first phase. There was a strong association between internal motivation, grit, and well-being (r = 0.46–0.90). In comparison, female residents score higher on autonomy and relatedness (p = 0.04, 0.01), while residents with less family responsibility score higher on relatedness than other residents (p = 0.01). Residents who get more sleep also score higher on autonomy, relatedness, and well-being (p < 0.05). Residents who exercise more than five times per week have higher scores for well-being (p < 0.01). In phase II, 30 residents participating thematic analysis revealed that residents' internal motivation, grit, and well-being were promoted by a supportive learning environment, a well-designed curriculum, the actions and personalities of faculty members, and good personal factors.
Conclusion
Internal motivation were significantly correlated with grit, well-being, gender, family burdens, exercise, and sleep hours. Priority should be given on how to promote internal motivation, grit and well-being by enhancing a positive learning environment, creating a well-designed curriculum, fostering good characteristics and actions of faculty members, and supporting residents' personal lives.
Force-regulated chaperone activity of BiP/ERdj3 is opposite to their homologs DnaK/DnaJ: explained by strain energy
Authors: Haldar Shubhasis , Banerjee Souradeep , Chowdhury Debojyoti , Chakraborty Soham 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Polypeptide chains experiences mechanical tension while translocating through cellular tunnel. In this scenario, interaction of tunnel-associated chaperones with the emerging polypeptide occurs under force; however, this force-regulated chaperone behaviour is not fully understood. We studied the mechanical chaperone activity of two tunnel-associated chaperones BiP and ERdj3 both in the absence and presence of force; and compared to their respective cytoplasmic homologs DnaK and DnaJ. We found that BiP/ERdj3 shows strong foldase activity under force; whereas their cytoplasmic homolog DnaK/DnaJ behave as holdase. Importantly, these tunnel-associated chaperones (BiP/ERdj3) revert to holdase in the absence of force, suggesting that mechanical chaperone activity differs depending on the presence or absence of force. This tunnel-associated chaperone-driven folding event generates additional mechanical energy of up to 54 zJ that could help protein translocation. The mechanical-chaperone behaviour can be explained by strain theory: chaperones with higher intrinsic deformability function as mechanical foldase (BiP, ERdj3), while chaperones with lower intrinsic deformability act as holdase (DnaK and DnaJ). Our study thus unveils the underlying mechanism of mechanically regulated chaperoning activity and provides a novel mechanism of co-translocational protein folding.