bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Abstract 384: Rapid accumulation of spontaneous intracranial dissection cases within two years
Authors: Komonchan S. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Spontaneous intracranial dissection is very uncommon and there are few cases reported so far. Interestingly most cases reported are from Asia. Genetic perspective would be one of the speculative causes. Making a definite diagnosis is also one of the pitfalls and distinguishing from other more common diseases, intracranial atherosclerosis which is also much more prevalent in Asia is sometimes difficult. With such a limited case, clinical progression and appropriate treatment would possibly be hard to define.

Method
We present a series of 11 cases directed or transferred to our hospital referral center from 2022‐2024. All patient information retrospectively collected in demographic, clinical presentation, and radiologic workups including relevant investigation, treatment, and clinical outcomes were described.

Outcome
All patients are between 29 and 82 years old with the six decades being the most prevalent composed of 8 cases of middle cerebral artery dissection, M1 segment and one case of M2 segment of middle cerebral artery dissection, one case of anterior cerebral artery dissection, and one case of posterior cerebral artery dissection, P2 segment. These cases have intracranial dissection spontaneously, there are no connective tissue disorders related to physical examination and there is no history of head injury before the event. Most of them present with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack and a few of them with headaches from subarachnoid hemorrhage. Interestingly there is another case that has transient ischemic attack and hyperkinetic movement disorders. Magnetic resonance imaging or cerebral angiogram reveals an intimal flap, double lumen, or string sign in all cases. These findings could distinguish from intracranial atherosclerosis if looked at carefully. The case of M2 segment middle cerebral artery dissection shows rapid progressive change in the dissecting aneurysm. Most of them had no anterograde flow impairment therefore these cases received antiplatelet treatment but four cases (36%) present with acute large vessel occlusion or severe stenosis received endovascular treatment and two of them ended up with rescue permanent stenting. One of two cases who has subarachnoid hemorrhage receives surgical clipping and bypass. All cases presenting with ischemic stroke have good clinical outcomes at three months follow up including cases with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Conclusion
Spontaneous intracranial dissection is uncommon and underdiagnosed. Differentiating from intracranial atherosclerosis is important, and recognizing intracranial dissection features is useful. Clinical features or progression may not be benign since some of them may present with acute large vessel occlusion or stenosis. Providing treatment in this type is very challenging otherwise complications from endovascular treatment may be devastating.
Abstract 390: Real‐world evaluation of endovascular stroke treatment using stent retrievers with drop zone technology ‐ insights from a single center study
Authors: Pfaff J. , Weymayr F. 
Published: January 2025

Background
The NeVa stent retriever with drop zone technology for treating acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to large vessel occlusions (LVOs) has demonstrated safety and effectiveness in a previously completed prospective, multicenter, quality controlled, Food and Drug Administration (FDA)‐regulated clinical study (CLEAR) in highly selected sites and patients.

Objective
To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of revascularizing acute LVOs using the NeVa or NeVa NET devices in a real‐world setting.

Methods
This retrospective, single‐center, single‐arm study aimed to assess the safety and performance of the NeVa device in revascularizing LVOs in the anterior circulation within 24 hours of stroke onset. Occlusion locations included the internal carotid artery (ICA) and the M1/M2 branches of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). The primary endpoint was rate of expanded Treatment in Cerebral Ischemia (eTICI) score of 2b‐3 within 3 NeVa passes. Other key endpoints included first pass success (eTICI 2c‐3) and final reperfusion success (eTICI 2b‐3). Safety endpoint was 24‐hour symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH).

Results
Between December 2021 and June 2024, 96 patients were treated using a NeVa stent retriever. The occlusion sites included the distal ICA (n=5), carotid‐T (n=20), MCA‐M1 (n=53), and MCA‐M2 (n=18). Successful reperfusion (eTICI 2b‐3) within 3 passes was achieved in 85.4% (82/96) of cases. First pass success of eTICI 2b‐3 was achieved in 49.0% (47/96) of patients, with eTICI 2b67‐3 in 47.9% (46/96), and eTICI 2c‐3 in 43.8% (42/96). The final reperfusion rate (eTICI 2b‐3), including bail‐out strategies or other devices, was 91.6% (88/96); final eTICI 2b67‐3 rate was 83.3% (80/96), and final eTICI 2c‐3 rate was 75.0% (72/96). The median number of passes was 1 (IQR 1‐2). The rate of sICH was 5.2% (5/96). Three month clinical outcomes will be available at the time of the annual meeting.

Conclusions
The NeVa devices displayed high effectiveness in achieving revascularization. The results were comparable to previous studies, although patient variability and procedural differences may affect results and potentially outcomes.
Abstract 420: The Correlation of Whole Blood Viscosity and Outcome in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Shah R. , Thapa M. , Sheikh M. , Buchhanolla P. , Courville J. , Leonhard R. , Bhuiyan M. , Hossain M. , Rai P. , Jordan D. , Kelley R. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction
Whole blood viscosity (WBV), reflecting the intrinsic resistance of blood flow, is an established predictor of stroke events in individuals. This study aims to correlate the WBV at different shear rates with the outcome of endovascular thrombectomy, known to be an effective treatment for large vessel occlusion (LVO) stroke.

Methods

This is a single‐center retrospective study conducted at our comprehensive stroke center. The charts of 317 patients who underwent endovascular thrombectomy within 6 hours of LVO stroke were reviewed. The modified Rankin score (mRS) at discharge was used as the outcome measure, with individuals categorized as low (0‐2) or high (3‐6). WBV at different shear rates was calculated using De Simone's Formula, dependent on hematocrit and total protein levels. The T‐test and Chi‐square test were used to compare baseline quantitative and categorical data, respectively, amongst the mRS study groups. We elaborated multivariable logistic regression analyses to identify the independent risk factors associated with the outcome of interest following mechanical thrombectomy. Finally, Spearman rank order correlation was used to assess for
r
between mRS and WBV at different shear rates.

Results
Baseline group characteristics, constituted by variables pertaining to demographics and medical history, were similar across the two study groups. However, our study found no significant differences in clinical outcomes between the two groups with WBV at high shear rate (OR 0.969, 95% CI 0.77‐1.204, p = 0.780) and low shear rate (OR 0.998, 95% CI 0.988‐1.008, p = 0.779) following mechanical thrombectomy. Spearman rank order correlation between WBV at high shear rate (r=0.058, p=0.123) and low shear rate (r=0.048, p=0.128) was non‐significant.

Conclusion
This is one of the few studies to evaluate the effect of WBV at high and low shear rates on the clinical outcome of endovascular thrombectomy in patients with LVO. Our results revealed that WBV at high and low shear rates did not affect the outcome of endovascular thrombectomy, as measured by mRS at discharge. We propose that different components of blood viscosity may uniquely affect blood flow, and our study provides a path for future research to further study the correlation.
Abstract 439: Transcranial Doppler Monitoring of Cerebral Blood Flow in a Case of Fusarium Solani Meningitis Associated Vasculopathy
Authors: Bajaj S. , Blanchard A. L. , Barreto A. D. , Mannava S. 
Published: January 2025

Introduction/Purpose

The recent outbreak of nosocomial
Fusarium solani
(
F. solani
) meningitis among immunocompetent individuals following cosmetic surgery at two clinics in Matamoros, Mexico, is well documented. Despite initial antifungal treatment, many patients developed severe intracranial vascular complications, particularly involving the posterior circulation, such as stenoses and aneurysms. While traditional imaging like CT‐Angiography and MR‐Angiography are the standard for diagnosing these complications, routine monitoring using these methods is not feasible. This is crucial in
F. solani
meningitis, as the disease course is dynamic and requires frequent vascular monitoring.

Methods

We present a case where transcranial doppler ultrasound (TCD) was used to monitor intracranial vascular status in a patient with
F. solani
meningitis. Daily TCD was performed to assess blood flow velocities in anterior and posterior circulation vessels. TCD findings indicated basilar artery stenosis, a hallmark of
F. solani
meningitis, with dynamic changes in velocities used to guide intervention and post‐intervention monitoring.

Results

A 31‐year‐old female who underwent cosmetic surgery in Matamoros, Mexico, presented with headaches and nausea 4 weeks post‐surgery. Lumbar puncture revealed findings consistent with
F. solani
meningitis. Despite antifungal therapy, the patient developed leptomeningeal disease and basilar artery stenosis, confirmed by MRI. TCD showed progressively worsening basilar artery flow velocities (127 ‐ 215 cm/s) and basilar artery/vertebral artery (BA/VA) ratios (2.89 ‐ 4.77) suggestive of progressive stenosis. The patient underwent basilar stenting, and post‐intervention TCD demonstrated improved flow velocities and BA/VA ratios. Continued daily TCD monitoring confirmed vessel patency, and the patient was discharged with stable vascular status after a 2‐month hospitalization.

Conclusion
TCD proved useful in the dynamic monitoring of basilar artery stenosis in F. solani meningitis, guiding both the timing of intervention and ensuring long‐term vascular patency post‐intervention. This case highlights TCD's value as a non‐invasive tool for frequent vascular assessment in patients with fungal and other similar invasive infectious meningitides.
Some new and known species of the genus Taeniacanthus Sumpf, 1871 (Copepoda, Cyclopoida), recovered from Japanese fishes (Actinopterygii)
Authors: Izawa Kunihiko 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Taeniacanthus chelidopercae sp. nov. and T. scorpaenopsis sp. nov. are described based on specimens recovered from Chelidoperca hirundinacea (Valenciennes, 1831) (Perciformes, Serranidae) and specimens recovered from Scorpaenopsis cirrosa (Thunberg, 1793) and S. diabolus (Cuvier, 1829) (Perciformes, Scorpaenidae) in Japan, respectively. T. neopercis Yamaguti, 1939 and T. pteroisi Shen, 1957 are redescribed based on specimens recovered from Parapercis pulchella (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) (Perciformes, Pinguipedidae) and Pterois lunulata Temminck & Schlegel, 1843 (Perciformes, Scorpaenidae) in Japan, respectively.
School Exclusion Policy in Scotland: Investigating Policy Levers, Drivers and Warrants
Authors: McCluskey Gillean , Robertson Laura , Taylor Annie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This paper reports findings from a review of school exclusion policy and legislation in Scotland, conducted as part of a comparative study of school exclusion across the four UK jurisdictions by the Excluded Lives research group. Drawing on a range of policy sources, this paper adopts Hyatt’s (2013) framework to contextualise school exclusion policy through an examination of policy drivers, levers and warrants. In doing so, this paper explores how over time post-devolution, there has been a move from a focus on children and young people’s “misbehaviour” that is perceived to be “aggressive” and “anti-social” to a focus on “distressed behaviours” and restorative and relationship-based approaches to preventing school exclusion. This review of the drivers, levers and warrants that underpin school exclusion policy responses therefore provides a critical assessment of the role of legislation and policy in driving the long-term and sustained reduction in official school exclusion numbers in Scotland.
Epilogue
Authors: Navarro Danielle , Foxcroft David 
Published: January 2025

This chapter serves as an epilogue, exploring the vast universe of statistics that lies beyond the foundational concepts covered in the book. Highlighting the limitations of introductory courses, it emphasises that mastering basic tools such as chi-square tests, t-tests, regression, and ANOVA is merely the starting point for real-world data analysis. The chapter provides a glimpse into advanced statistical methods and models that extend the scope of traditional tools. Topics such as logistic regression, survival analysis, and robust statistics are introduced, offering insight into their practical applications and advantages. Moreover, the chapter underscores the importance of alternative inferential frameworks, like Bayesian approaches and bootstrapping, to modernise the data analysis toolkit and bridge the gap between theoretical assumptions and real-world messiness.
Additionally, the chapter reflects on the pedagogy of teaching statistics, advocating for a fundamentals-first approach. This philosophy, while initially demanding, ensures extensibility, equipping learners with the skills to seamlessly transition from basic analyses to more advanced models used in professional practice. The epilogue also acknowledges the evolving landscape of statistics, encouraging readers to remain adaptable and inquisitive as they advance in their data analysis journey. By grounding readers in core principles and exposing them to the breadth of available methodologies, the chapter inspires a mindset of continual learning and critical thinking essential for tackling complex, real-world datasets.
Characterizing the Growth in Spatial Thinking Skills in Undergraduate Meteorology Students across the Curriculum
Authors: Burns Lauren E. A. , Davenport Casey E. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Spatial thinking skills, which encompass the ability to mentally perceive, manipulate, and find meaning in spatial information, are essential to student success across science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) disciplines, including meteorology. Atmospheric data are inherently spatial, with meteorology coursework requiring students to comprehend, interpret, and predict meteorological data across spatial scales. Spatial skills are known to improve over time in response to instruction, but the rate and nature of that progression in meteorology students as they move through the curriculum have yet to be characterized. In this study, the Spatial Thinking Abilities Test (STAT) was used to quantify spatial thinking skills in undergraduate students in 10 courses required for the meteorology major at a single institution. The STAT was administered twice a semester over a three-semester period at the start and end of each course. Gains in spatial reasoning skills were typically modest for a single semester, though overall levels of spatial skills were sensitive to declared major; meteorology and STEM majors scored significantly higher than nonmeteorology and non-STEM majors. Additionally, meteorology majors regularly exhibited improved performance on questions evaluating the skill of disembedding, which is particularly important for interpreting meteorological maps. Even so, disembedding was the weakest spatial thinking skill for all cohorts of meteorology majors. Longitudinal analysis of meteorology majors revealed that novice students progressed the least in their spatial skills, while students in the middle of curriculum exhibited the strongest gains, likely tied to an increased number of required meteorology courses and their specific content.
Identifying, Tracking, and Evaluating Mechanisms of North American Cold Air Outbreaks (CAOs) Using a Feature Tracking Approach
Authors: Stone Jack , Gervais Melissa , Bowley Kevin A. , Zarzycki Colin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
North American cold air outbreaks (CAOs) are large-scale temperature extremes that typically originate in the high latitudes and impact the midlatitudes in winter. As they transit southward, they can have significant socioeconomic consequences. CAOs from winter (DJF) 1979 to 2020 were identified in the fifth major global reanalysis produced by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ERA5) using an automated feature tracking approach (TempestExtremesV2.1). This allowed for the systematic identification of a large number of cases without using predetermined, Eulerian regions. Another important advantage of this approach was the ability to compute a feature tracked thermodynamic energy budget in a nonfixed domain for every identified CAO event. As an example, the thermodynamic energy budget analysis was used to quantify important processes for the 18–23 January 1985 CAO. The dominant mechanisms of cooling and warming as well as lysis locations (i.e., eastern or western) were then used to generalize detected CAO events into subcategories. The associated statistics, spatial footprints, and composites of 500-hPa height, sea level pressure, and temperature and winds at 850 hPa were analyzed for three subcategories that contained the majority of events. This analysis revealed that CAO events that form and dissipate through different mechanisms occur in different regions, have different intensities, and are associated with different large-scale circulation patterns. Finally, the analysis of associated North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Pacific–North American (PNA) teleconnection pattern revealed that the PNA is typically in a positive phase for eastern CAO events and in a negative phase for western events resulting primarily from horizontal advection, whereas the NAO did not have any significant relationship.
Association between combined healthy lifestyles and infertility: a cross-sectional study in US reproductive-aged women
Authors: Ye Xiaofeng , Song Xiaoxia , Zhou Sihang , Chen Guoqing , Wang Liping 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Infertility is a widespread problem for couples worldwide, and lifestyle factors are the cornerstone of infertility prevention. This research seeks to explore the association between combined healthy lifestyles and infertility risk among women of reproductive age.

Methods
This study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2013–2018), concentrating on 2,154 women aged 18 to 44. A healthy lifestyle score was created based on healthy diet (top two-fifths of the Healthy Eating Index-2015 score), low-to-moderate alcohol drinking (1–14 g/day), optimal waist circumference (less than 80 cm), adequate physical activity (at least 150 min of moderate-to-vigorous leisure-time exercise per week), and current nonsmoking. Weighted logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the link between healthy lifestyle scores and the risk of infertility, adjusting for potential confounders.

Results
After adjusting for potential confounders, women exhibiting 4 to 5 healthy lifestyle factors demonstrated a 59% decrease in the likelihood of infertility (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.23–0.76) relative to those with 0 to 1 healthy lifestyle factors. Additionally, each increment in healthy lifestyle factors corresponded to a 21% decrease in infertility risk (OR: 0.79, 95% CI: 0.68–0.92). Analysis of subgroups indicated that the inverse association was more pronounced in females younger than 30. Additionally, optimal waist circumference is the foremost factor contributing to this inverse relationship.

Conclusion
Adhering to healthy lifestyles significantly lowers the likelihood of infertility among reproductive-aged women. Public health initiatives could consider enhancing access to healthy diets, physical activity, and resources to reduce alcohol consumption and smoking. Further research is required to clarify their relationship and the underlying mechanisms.
Potential of emodepside for vector-borne disease control
Authors: Khemrattrakool Pattarapon , Hongsuwong Thitipong , Phanphoowong Theerawit , Sriwichai Patchara , Poovorawan Kittiyod , Tarning Joel , Kobylinski Kevin C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Emodepside is an anthelmintic used in veterinary medicine that is currently under investigation in human clinical trials for the treatment of soil-transmitted helminths and possibly Onchocerca volvulus. Emodepside targets the calcium-activated voltage-gated potassium slowpoke 1 (SLO-1) channels of presynaptic nerves of pharynx and body wall muscle cells of nematodes leading to paralysis, reduced locomotion and egg laying, starvation, and death. Emodepside also has activity against Drosophila melanogaster SLO-1 channels. Orthologous SLO-1 genes are present in Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti, suggesting that emodepside may have activity against mosquitoes.

Methods
Both Anopheles dirus and Ae. aegypti were blood-fed emodepside across a range of concentrations (1–10,000 nM) and mosquito survival was monitored for 10 days. Co-feeding experiments were also performed with An. dirus blood fed ivermectin at the concentrations that kills 25% (LC25) and 50% (LC50) of mosquitoes with and without emodepside at clinical peak concentration in humans (Cmax) and five times the Cmax, and mosquito survival was monitored for 10 days.

Results
Emodepside had weak mosquito-lethal effects in An. dirus but none observed in Ae. aegypti at the concentrations evaluated. The An. dirus emodepside LC50 was 4,623 [4,159–5,066] ng/ml which is > 100-fold greater than the peak concentrations seen in human. The ivermectin and emodepside co-feed experiment with An. dirus did not indicate any altered effect of ivermectin on mosquito survival when emodepside co-fed at human Cmax or five times that of the human Cmax.

Conclusions
Emodepside was not lethal to An. dirus at human-relevant concentrations and had no effect on Ae. aegypti survival. Thus, mass distribution of emodepside does not appear to be a potential tool for vector-borne disease control. Emodepside induced mortality in An. dirus does suggest that the SLO-1 channel could be a potential target for novel vector control and may warrant further investigation.