bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Adaptation of gooseberry varieties to the changed agro-climatic conditions of Kyiv Polissia
Authors: Lagutenko O. T. , Nasteka T. M. , Shevchenko V. G. , Krivoshapka V. A. , Hrusha V. V. , Makarova D. G. , Bomok S. K. 
Published: September 2023

In connection with global warming, the study of plant adaptation to climate change, resistance to lack of moisture and high temperatures becomes relevant. Meteorological and phenological observations prove that a change in temperature conditions leads to an earlier start of vegetation and a lengthening of the growing season in all investigated gooseberry varieties. To assess the functional state of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants, a minimally invasive instrumental method of determining the intensity of chlorophyll fluorescence in plant leaves, adapted to work on the domestic photofluorimeter "Floratest", was used. Based on the results of the analysis of the parameters of the chlorophyll fluorescence induction curves (Fo, Fpl, Fmax, Ft) and the comparison of the coefficients for these values (Kpl, K1, K2), it was established that Fo and Kpl are the most informative. A strong correlation dependence of the indicator of the background level of fluorescence at the time of full opening of the shutter (Fo) was established. The value of Fо correlates positively with indicators of the moisture regime, negatively – with temperature indicators. Correlations between the fluorescence growth index and the variable (Kpl) showed the opposite: the largest positive correlation was observed with mean maximum temperature, the smallest with precipitation. On the basis of mathematical analysis and modeling of the obtained FIC curves and indicators of agro-climatic conditions, the values of the maximum temperature and the minimum amount of precipitation, which are critical for the functioning of the gooseberry photosynthetic apparatus, were determined. Such a study makes it possible to evaluate the course of photochemical reactions associated with the work of plant photosystems according to standard coefficients of photochemical activity, which have already been tested in numerous works of domestic researchers on a wide range of agricultural crops.
Фразеология в дискурсе языковой личности (на материале рассказов Н. А. Тэффи)
Authors: Начарова Ольга 
Published: September 2023

В статье рассматривается фразеология в рассказах Н. А. Тэффи как составляющая системы и дис-курса языковой личности литературного персонажа. В качестве материала были избраны рассказы «Сильна, как смерть», «Пасхальное дитя» и «Причины и следствия», принадлежащие разным пери-одам творчества писательницы. Целью исследования стало выявление основных стратегий Тэффи в оформлении словесной продукции, а также определение функций фразеологических оборотов в зависимости от возможных намерений и типа нарекающего субъекта.Анализ проводится в соответствии с распределением фразеологизмов по композиционно- речевым структурам выбранных текстов. В каждом из рассмотренных рассказов Тэффи исполь-зует неповторяющийся набор стратегий. Тексты с доминированием авторского монологического слова проявляют тенденцию к растворению автора в сознании персонажа, или же к представлению «лика» повествователя, его временной маски. Фразеологизмы в таком случае реализуют двойной набор стратегий, ориентированный как на поверхностного, так и на глубинного отправителя.Была обнаружена следующая корреляция: чем ближе рассказ фельетонной эстетике, тем большее внимание уделяется оживлению внутренней формы фразеологизма, материализации лежащей в его основе метафоры. Отказ от публицистичности ознаменовался для Тэффи переходом к более тонкой языковой игре: наглядность и выпуклость образа сменились обыгрыванием в первую очередь грам-матических смыслов. Как показано в работе, данная стратегия используется в рассказе «Сильна, как смерть», где авторская задумка поддерживается аспектуальной модификацией идиомы терять голову.Было показано, что в дискурсе языковой личности повествователя и персонажа фразеологизмы решают неодинаковые задачи. Реализуя интенции глубинного отправителя, фразеологизмы могут актуализировать прецедентные тексты, вводить новый тип дискурса, организовывать концепто-сферу и архитектонику рассказа. В связи с этим выдвигается положение о выполнении идиомами особой символьной (в смысле В. В. Виноградова) функции. Кроме того, фразеологизмы, организуя оппозицию стилистических смыслов, служат основным средством разоблачения персонажа и соз-дания комического эффекта.В работе предпринимается попытка синтезировать результаты, полученные в ходе рассмотрения как собственно языковой составляющей текста, так и дискурсивных практик, соответствующих тем или иным композиционно-речевым структурам. Анализ проводится с учетом жанровых особен-ностей рассказов (публичная лекция, сказ, фельетон), а также коммуникативных ходов и тактик повествователя и героев.
AI Systems and Liability: An Assessment of the Applicability of Strict Liability & A Case for Limited Legal Personhood for AI
Authors: McDonald Louisa 
Published: September 2023

Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning have prompted discussion about whether conventional liability laws can be applicable to AI systems which manifest a high degree of autonomy. Users and developers of such AI systems may meet neither the epistemic (sufficient degree of awareness of what is happening) nor control (control over the actions performed) conditions of personal responsibility for the actions of the system at hand, and therefore, conventional liability schemes may seem to be inapplicable[1].
The recently adopted AI Liability Directive [2022] has sought to adapt EU law to the challenges to conventional liability schemes posed by AI systems by imposing a system of strict, rather than fault-based liability, for AI systems. The goal of this is to be able to more easily hold developers, producers, and users of AI technologies accountable, requiring them to explain how AI systems were built and trained. The Directive aims to make it easier for people and companies harmed by AI systems to sue those responsible for the AI systems for damages. However, the Directive seems to ignore the potential injustice that could result from producers and developers being held accountable for actions caused by AI systems which they are neither aware of nor have sufficient control over.
In this essay, I will critically assess the Directive’s system of fault-based liability for AI systems and argue that, whilst such a system may confer some instrumental advantages on behalf of those suing for damages caused by AI systems, it risks causing injustice on the part of developers and producers by making them liable for events they could neither control nor predict. This is likely to risk both producing unjust outcomes and hindering progress in AI development. Instead, following Visa Kurki’s analysis of legal personhood as a cluster concept divided into passive and active incidents, I will argue that some AI systems ought to be granted a limited form of legal personhood, because they meet some of the relevant criteria for active legal personhood, such as the capacity to perform acts-in-the-law. The legal personhood I propose for AI systems is a kind of dependent legal personhood analogous to that granted to corporations. Such a form of legal personhood would not absolve developers and producers from liability for damages (where such liability is applicable), but at the same time, it would not risk unjustly holding producers and developers liable for actions of an AI system.
[1] Mark Coeckelbergh, "Artificial Intelligence, Responsibility Attribution, and a Relational Justification of Explainability." Science and Engineering Ethics, (2020): 2054
SMALL ANGLE X-RAY SCATTERING UNIT FOR ANALYSIS OF SECONDARY NANOPHASES AND PORES IN BAINITE STEEL
Authors: Malinin A.V. , Sitdikov V.D. , Kurilov A.A. , Makatrov A.K. 
Published: September 2023

The work presents the results of studies aimed at analyzing the morphology and dimensional distribution of cementites and pores/microcracks in bainite steel used as tubing couplings during fluid transportation. For the first time, the method of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) has demonstrated the possibility of analyzing not only secondary phases (particles, precipitates), but also shows the potential to expand the limits of applicability of this method for analyzing the morphology and dimensional distribution of pores/microcracks that originated both during casting and heat treatment and during subsequent operation of the tubing. The SAXS approach was adapted, taking into account the shape of cementites/pores, the relationship and ordering of cementites/pores in three-dimensional space, the factor of scale and absorption, analyzed volume and background radiation when processing scattering curves. The analysis of the scattering curves obtained on the transmission revealed cylindrical cementites with a diameter of 26 nm and a length of 180 nm, as well as manganese sulfides of an elliptical shape. Analysis of scattering curves measured in reflection mode has been shown to detect cylindrical nanopores/microcracks 36 nm in diameter and 170 nm in length, as well as spherical macropores 700 nm in diameter. To validate the obtained data, microstructure studies were carried out by scanning and transmission electron microscopy methods, which showed a convincing convergence of results between them. Nature and causes of identified pores in bainite steel are discussed.
Caracterización de los niveles de resolución de la problemática de seguridad alimentaria de la población en situación de desplazamiento forzado. Estudio de casos: Soacha, Cundinamarca y Bello, Antioquia
Authors: Millán Echeverría Nancy Haydeé , Ochoa Cubillos Luz Angela 
Published: September 2023

La presente investigación surge como inquietud frente al aumento acelerado del desplazamiento forzado en Colombia, su impacto en la situación alimentaria y nutricional de las víctimas, los escasos estudios que interrelacionan la seguridad alimentaria y el contexto del individuo con un abordaje cualitativo, asimismo, por la critica que se ha generado frente al papel de la ayuda alimentaria brindada a esta población. OBJETIVO: Caracterizar los niveles de resolución de la problemática de seguridad alimentaría que la población en situación de desplazamiento implementa a partir de los programas de ayuda alimentaría, en Soacha, Cundinamarca y Bello, Antioquia, a través del abordaje de la metodología cualitativa. HALLAZGOS: Existe una gran brecha entre lo planificado teóricamente por las instituciones que brindan la ayuda y el conocimiento de los funcionarios, así como la aplicabilidad en las familias. Frente a estas falencias, las personas han optado por implementar estrategias que les permita resolver su problemática de seguridad alimentaria como la recolección de alimentos sobrantes en los centros de acopio y barrios aledaños, la incorporación de todos los miembros de la familia en la vida laboral, incluyendo a los menores de edad, la solicitud de créditos, la omisión de tiempos de comida, la realización de preparaciones monótonas etc, por lo tanto, la ayuda alimentaría no ha garantizado la seguridad alimentaría de esta población.
Propuesta para la formulación de pautas para la alimentación complementaria del niño lactante de 6 a 12 meses
Authors: Olaya Gilma , Borrero Marta Lucía 
Published: September 2023

Objetivo: desarrollar una propuesta de alimentación complementaria para niños de 6 a 12 meses.Materiales y m é todos: estudio realiz ado en tres fases, la primera descriptiva de corte transversal para caracteriz ar la alimentación complementaria en 191 niños, la seg unda y tercera ex perimentales, para definir la alimentación complementaria (alimentos, preparaciones y aceptabilidad). Resultados: la introducción recomendada de alimentos complementarios por g rupo de edad fue de 6 a 8 meses:frutas en compota, puré o en su jug o; verduras y carne molida sin sal ni condimentos y con adición de g rasa. Al sé ptimo mes adicionar tubé rculos y plátanos. D e 8 a 10 meses incluir cereales, a los 10 a 12 meses introducir leg uminosas con y sin cáscara, maceradas sin sal ni condimentos, pero congrasa. Amedida que se aumenta en edad se siguen incluyendo los alimentos que ya venía recibiendo, aumentando la cantidad y modificando la consistencia según tolerancia y aceptación. Conclusión: la alimentación complementaria se inició tempranamente en más de 50% de los niños estudiados. Los grupos de alimentos incluidos en las pautas de alimentación complementaria, preparación de los mismos y tamaño de porción varían según la edad, tolerancia y aceptabilidad. Se recomienda desarrollar estudios para validar esta propuesta.
Efecto de la administración de lípidos intravenosos desde el primer día sobre el nivel de plaquetas en recién nacidos a término y pre término
Authors: Velasco Benítez Carlos Alberto , Ladino Meléndez Liliana , Luna Medicis Ángela Patricia 
Published: September 2023

Introducción: la nutrición parenteral en recién nacidos es una alternativa cuando tienen alterada la vía enteral. La trombocitopenia ha sido reportada como efecto adverso del uso de lípidos intravenosos. Objetivo: evaluar el efecto la administración intravenosa de lípidos sobre el recuento de plaquetas en recién nacidos. Materiales y métodos: estudio prospectivo en todos los recién nacidos que necesitaron nutrición parenteral, hospitalizados en un centro asistencial de Bucaramanga (Colombia), durante un mes. Todos recibieron lípidos intravenosos en dosis crecientes de 0,5 g/kg/día el primer día, hasta 3 g/kg/día, fueron monitorizados diariamente y evaluado su recuento de plaquetas al inicio y siete días después. Resultados: ingresaron 22 recién nacidos a término y 29 pretérmino, 55% hombres, con diversas condiciones clínicas, como prematurez (22), enterocolitis necrosante (17), dificultad respiratoria (4), atresia esofágica (2) y otras (6). En el recuento de plaquetas no se observaron diferencias significativas (p>0,05), entre el inicio del estudio y el séptimo día, ni en los niños pretérmino
(227.320±86290/mm3 versus 294.930±120.600/mm3), ni en aquellos a término (276.140±130.240/
mm3 versus 273.240±96.890/mm3), tampoco se observaron efectos adversos. Conclusión: en recién nacidos a término y pretérmino, la administración de lípidos intravenosos a dosis hasta 3 g/kg/día, es segura, libre de trombocitopenia y otros efectos.
Traumatic partial hindfoot amputation with injury to the posterior tibial artery
Authors: Iskusov P. V. , Bragina S. V. , Sovershaev A. E. , Sobolev E. I. , Zvorykin A. S. , Sharypova E. P. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction Talus and calcaneus fractures account for about 2 % of skeletal injury and 70 % of the foot fractures. Open fractures of the hindfoot are diagnosed in 30 %. More than half of the injuries are graded as type III according to classification of R.B. Gustilo, J.T. Anderson (1976). Injury to the posterior tibial artery is observed in 6.4 % of patients. Amputations resulting from an osseous-vascular injury and gangrene and crushed soft tissues are observed in 3-60 %.The objective was to demonstrate a rare clinical case of traumatic partial hindfoot amputation on the right side associated with open calcaneus and talus fracture and injury to the posterior tibial artery and resulted in a good outcome.Material and methods A clinical case of a 36-year-old patient who suffered a traumatic partial hindfoot amputation and injury to the posterior tibial artery.Results Restoration of the anatomy and the function of the right foot was achieved in the patient.Discussion There are no clinical guidelines and a unified classification for bone and vascular injuries and no universal method for the treatment of a combined injury including an open fracture of bones and injury to blood vessels. The choice of treatment modality, diagnosis of osteovascular injuries are produced on an individual basis depending on the external and internal factors affecting the injuries. An angiotraumatological approach used to treat the patient with the hind foot injury on the right included early primary surgical treatment of the osteovascular injury, accurate reduction and stable fixation using a sparing technique for the calcaneus, repair of the posterior tibial artery, complex drug therapy to improve blood rheology, reduce coagulability, address tissue ischemia and provide adequate regional anesthesia.Conclusion The combination of factors and use of an angiotraumatological approach employing organ sparing strategy and a multidisciplinary team of orthopaedic and trauma surgeons, angiosurgeons, anesthesiologists-resuscitators facilitated foot salvage, improved function and supportability.
Migration of a Kirschner wire into the spinal canal after acromioclavicular joint repair (case report)
Authors: Farion A. O. , Paskov R. V. , Bazarov A. Yu. , Prokopev A. N. , Svinoboev S. L. , Mezentsev A. A. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction Fixation of the acromioclavicular joint with Kirschner wires (K-wire) has been widely used by orthopeadic and trauma surgeons in the recent past. Now the technique is less common. Migration of Kirschner wires is a common complication being limited to the fixation area in the majority of cases and can be a devastating event in rare cases. The objective was to explore K-wire migration into the spinal canal after acromioclavicular joint repair.Material and methods A clinical case of a broken K-wire migrated into the spinal canal is reported. An unsystematized literature analysis on the topic was performed.Results and discussion A routine examination revealed a K-wire fragment migrated into the spinal canal at the cervical level 7 years after acromioclavicular joint fixation in a 36-year-old man. The pin fragments were removed from the spinal canal and from the acromioclavicular joint site. The postoperative period was uneventful. A good clinical result was obtained, the wounds healed by primary intention. Migration of K-wires into the spinal canal is a rare but severe complication that can lead to injury to the dura mater, the spinal cord and the vertebral artery. There are cases of wire migration reported outside the insertion site: into the lung, mediastinum, esophagus, spleen, intestines, aorta, and heart with the timing of wire migration ranging from 11 days to 12 years of surgery.Conclusion The case report and literature review have shown a risk of K-wire migration into the spinal canal when used for fractures and dislocations. The technique requires dynamic observation of the patient throughout the treatment period. The pins should be removed after fracture healing or dislocation repair. The manipulations can minimize the risk of a fracture and migration of the K-wires.
Arthrodesis with the Ilizarov ring ffxator for severe ankle arthritis
Authors: Yadkikar S. V. , Yadkikar V. , Prasad R. K. , Grover R. , Ojha A. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction End-stage ankle arthritis is a very painful and disabling pathology, associated with deformity. Infection, poor skin condition, chronic smoking, Charcot arthropathy may not only affect selection of treatment method but also union, leading to unfortunate amputation. Ankle arthrodesis is indicated in advanced ankle arthritis. A variety of fixation methods are available for arthrodesis ranging from internal to external fixation. The Ilizarov ring fixator is a dynamic versatile fixation method. It is a biomechanically stable and minimally invasive method which promotes bone union and has advantage of initiating early weight-bearing and simultaneous deformity correction. We describe our experience in Ilizarov ring fixator application for ankle arthrodesis in 5 patients with severe ankle arthritis and their functional outcome.Materials and Methods This retrospective study was conducted in 5 ankle arthrodesis cases using the Ilizarov ring fixator application from July 2021 to October 2022 in the department of orthopaedics, Jaipur national university, India. Average age of patient was 52 years (range, 40-65). Among included patients one patient had chronic osteomyelitis of the distal tibia and severe arthrosis of the ankle joint with a non-healing ulcer, two patients had post-traumatic arthrosis following talus and distal tibia plafond fracture, Charcot ankle arthropathy and tuberculosis of the ankle joint was detected in two patients respectively. Postoperative pain relief, deformity correction and radiological union at the fusion site were defined as success.Results Fusion was achieved in all patients (100%). Early post-operative ambulation and full weight-bearing was initiated in every case. Pin-tract infection was the commonest complication. Shortening due to arthrodesis was less than 2.5 cm so limb lengthening was not done. Frame removal time was 12 to 14 weeks (average time, 13 weeks). Visual analogue scale was used in all cases. It was in the range of 2 to 3 points preoperatively and 7 to 9 post-operatively after arthrodesis. Average follow-up period was 6 months and it is still underway. AOFAS score was used for functional assessment.Conclusion Ilizarov ring fixator application can be considered as versatile, biomechanically stable, minimally invasive method for ankle arthrodesis in severe ankle arthritis associated with poor soft tissue condition, post- traumatic arthritis, infection, deformity, bone loss, Charcot arthropathy.
Diagnostic signiffcance of the lymphocyte-monocyte index in Dupuytren's contracture
Authors: Shchudlo N. A. , Sbrodova L. I. , Ostanina D. A. 
Published: September 2023

Introduction World literature data indicate the involvement of inflammatory cells in the pathogenesis of palmar fascial fibromatosis. However, there are no data on possible changes in peripheral blood leukocyte indices in patients with Dupuytren's contracture (DC) in comparison with healthy people.Aim To assess the diagnostic significance of neutrophil-lymphocyte (N/L) and lymphocyte-monocyte (L/M) indices of peripheral blood in patients with CD.Materials and methods 162 medical records of patients admitted for surgical treatment were retrospectively studied. To compare the results of their peripheral blood tests with the norm, anonymous leukocytograms of 110 apparently healthy individuals (control) were used.Results In the group of healthy people and in patients with DC, sexual dimorphism of the absolute content of neutrophils was expressed. In DC males, a statistically significant decrease in the absolute content of lymphocytes (p = 0.05) was found, and in females, a significant increase in the absolute content of monocytes (p = 0.00) compared with the control, while in patients with DC there was no gender-related difference in these indicators, typical for healthy people. N/L ratio was elevated in DC males compared with controls (p = 0.05) and a subgroup of DC females (p = 0.01), but according to the results of ROC analysis, N/L ratio turned out to be diagnostically useless. For the model "L/M – degree of contracture" AUC 0.945, CI 0.918-0.970, p = 0, Se 90.12, Sp 93.21; optimal threshold L/M 3.102. In patients with low L/M (≤ 3.0), the frequency of lesions in both hands and the frequency of grade III-IV contractures are higher by 27.75 % (p = 0.02) and 27.15 % (p = 0.03), respectively than in the high L/M subgroup.Discussion The multidirectional changes in the content of lymphocytes and monocytes in males and females is consistent with the literature data on dual gender-specific ways of regulating the immune system in healthy people and in patients with various diseases.Conclusion The findings of the studied sample of patients show that the lymphocyte-monocyte index is a useful additional laboratory indicator for identifying a risk group for severe fascial fibromatosis. It can be used in clinical practice at no additional cost along with the well-known Dupuytren diathesis criteria to identify a risk group for progression of Dupuytren's contracture.