bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Optimized Scanning Protocol for Triple Rule-Out CT Angiography with Contrast Media and Radiation Dose Reduction: A Retrospective Study
Authors: Wang Kun , Li Cheng , Sun Yingli , Jin Liang , Li Ming 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objective:To evaluate the feasibility of an optimized scanning protocol to reduce the volume of iodine contrast media (ICM), injection rate, and radiation dose in patients with acute chest pain (ACP) undergoing triple rule-out computed tomographic angiography (TRO-CTA).
Methods: Patients with ACP undergoing TRO-CTA were randomly assigned to either group A (n=30) or group B (n=33). Patients in group A were imaged using the optimized scanning protocol with a scanning sequence of the pulmonary artery (PA), thoracic aorta (TA), and coronary arteries (CAs), ICM dosage of 55 mL, and injection rate of 4.5 mL/s. Patients in group B were imaged with a traditional triple scanning protocol with a sequence of the PA, CAs, and TA, ICM dosage of 75 mL, and injection rate of 5.0 mL/s. Both groups were scanned using a tube voltage of 100 kVp. The image quality (subjective and objective) and effective radiation dose were compared between the two groups.
Results: There were no significant differences in age, height, weight, body mass index, heart rate, sex, or clinical history between the two groups. Other than the left PA, RA, and RV, there were no significant differences in the CT attenuation values of relevant vascular structures including the pulmonary trunk, right PA, aortic root, aortic arch, descending aorta, left anterior descending artery, left circumflex branch, right coronary artery, or erector spinae muscle between groups A and B. In addition, there were no significant differences in contrast to-noise ratio (CNR) values between the two groups for most vessel segments, with the exception of the distal left anterior descending artery and left circumflex branch. The image quality scores were comparable between groups A and B for all vessel segments except the CAs. However, there were significant differences between the two groups in total ICM (55 vs. 75 mL, respectively, p < 0.05), scanning time (14.33 ± 0.09 vs. 21.89 ± 3.02 s, respectively, p < 0.001) and effective radiation dose (ED) (6.74 ± 0.73 vs. 7.61 ± 1.90 mSv, respectively, p = 0. 023).
Conclusions: The optimized TRO-CTA scanning protocol achieved a "double low" mode, while maintaining image quality with less ICM and lower radiation dose for all examinations.
Identification of the intestinal microbes associated with muscle strength
Authors: Ahn Ji-Seon , Koo Bon-Chul , Choi Yu-Jin , Jung Woon-Won , Kim Hyun-Sook , Lee Suk-Jun , Chung Hea-Jong , Hong Seong-Tshool 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Considering the effect of the gut microbiome on human physiology and aging, the gut microbiome may affect muscle strength in the same way as the host's own genes. Previous research has shown that the gut microbiome can have both positive and negative effects on muscle strength, suggesting the presence of two different types of gut microbiome. In this study, we demonstrate that the gut microbiome can contribute differently to muscle strength.
Results
We remodelled the original gut microbiome of mice through fecal microbiome transplant (FMT) using human feces, and compared the changes in muscle strength of the same mice before and three months after FMT. We found that FMT affected muscle strength in three different ways: positive, none, and negative. Analysis of the phylogenesis, α-diversities, and β-diversities on the gut microbiome in the three groups showed that a more diverse group of intestinal microbes was established after FMT in each of the three groups, indicating that the human gut microbiome is more diverse than that of mice. The remodelled gut microbiome by FMT in each group was also different from each other. Fold change and linear correlation analyses identified Phocaeicola barnesiae, Eisenbergiella massiliensis, and Anaeroplasma abactoclasticum in the gut microbiome as positive contributors to muscle strength, while Ileibacterium valens and Ethanoligenens harbinense were found to have negative effects.
Conclusions
This study not only confirms the presence of gut microbiomes that contribute differently to muscle strength, but also explains the mixed results in previous research on the association between the gut microbiome and muscle strength.
An Improved Dynamic Programming Energy Management System for Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles According to Battery Model
Authors: Mousaei Arash , allahyari Hesamodin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This article proposes an offline Energy Management System (EMS) for Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs). Dividing the torque between the Electric Motor (EM) and the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) requires a suitable EMS. Batteries are vital to HEVs and significantly impact overall vehicle cost and performance. High temperature and high battery State of Charge (SOC) are the main factors that accelerate battery aging. SOC is the most critical state variable in EMS and was usually considered the only dynamic variable in previous studies. For simplicity, the battery temperature was often assumed to be constant, and the effect of EMS on temperature change was neglected. In this paper, we first apply Dynamic Programming (DP) to a PHEV without considering battery temperature variations. Then, the battery model is improved by modeling the cooling system to take into account temperature variations and show how neglecting the thermal dynamics of the battery in EMS is impractical. Finally, by integrating battery temperature as a state variable in the optimization problem, a new EMS is proposed to control battery temperature and SOC variation. Simulation results of the tested vehicle show that the proposed method controls battery charge and temperature. The proposed EMS method prevents uncontrolled fluctuations in battery temperature and reduces its deterioration rate.
A Comparative Analysis of Data for the Classification of Breast Cancer Using Machine Learning
Authors: Sharma Deepti , Kumar Rajneesh , Jain Anurag 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

One of the biggest issues facing humanity in developing countries is cancer-related mortality. Certain cancer kinds still lack a cure, even though there are many strategies to stop them from occurring in the first place. Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers, and early detection is crucial to its treatment. One of the most crucial steps in the treatment of breast cancer is an accurate diagnosis. There is numerous research about predicting the type of breast cancer in the literature. In this study, predictions on the types of breast cancers were made using the information on breast cancer tumors from Dr. William H. Walberg of the University of Wisconsin Hospital. This dataset was subjected to data visualization and machine learning methods such as logistic regression and support vector machines. These machine learning methods and visualization were implemented using Python. To detect breast cancer diagnosis, analysis of data using machine learning techniques is performed. The decision-making process for cancer diagnosis can be significantly impacted by data visualisation and machine learning techniques. Several machine learning and data mining strategies for the early identification of breast cancer were suggested in this research. The maximum level of performance was attained using the logistic regression model with all characteristics included. The suggested method demonstrated improved accuracy performances. These results indicated the potential to open new opportunities in the detection of breast cancer.
Expression of SmATPDase 1 and SmATPDase 2 in Schistosoma mansoni eggs favors IL-10 mediated immune system modulation in infected individuals.
Authors: Gomides Thalisson Artur Ribeiro , Souza Márcio Luís Moreira , Figueiredo Amanda Braga , Lima Marlucy Rodrigues , Silveira Alda Maria Soares , Assis Girley Francisco Machado , Fraga Lucia Alves de Oliveira , Silveira-Nunes Gabriela , Martucci Leticia , Garcia Jennifer Delgado , Afonso Luís Carlos Crocco , Teixeira-Carvalho Andréa , Leite Pauline Martins 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Schistosomiasis is a chronic disease that affects over 200 million people worldwide. A pivotal role of IL-10 is down-regulating Th1 and Th2 responses to schistosome antigens, which can favor the parasite establishment. The SmATPDases degrade ATP and ADP in AMP and adenosine, a molecule with anti-inflammatory properties. We evaluated the expression of SmATPDases 1 and 2 enzymes in S. mansoni eggs obtained from infected individuals as a possible parasite-related factor that could influence the host immune response and the clinical outcome of the disease.
Methods
Fecal samples were collected from 40 infected individuals to detect coding regions of the enzymes by the qPCR. The production of cytokines was measured in supernatants of PBMC cultures. The analysis was performed by the global median determination for each cytokine and set up high producers (HP) of cytokines.
Results
Six individuals expressed SmATPDase 1 in their fecal samples, 6 expressed SmATPDase 2, and 6 expressed both enzymes. The group who expressed only SmATPDase 1 showed a high frequency of IFN-γ, TNF, IL-4 HP, and a low frequency of IL-6 HP. The group who expressed only SmATPDase 2 showed a high frequency of IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-4 HP and a low frequency of IL-10 HP. The group who expressed both enzymes showed a high frequency of IL-10 HP and low frequencies of IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-13 HP. In the group that had SmATPDase 2 expression was observed higher indices the ratio between IFN-γ/IL-10 than individuals that showed expression both enzymes. The positive correlation between infection intensity and IL-10 levels remained only in the positive SmATPDase group. Overall, the analysis revealed that 62.5% of the cytokines presented reduced frequency in the group of individuals expressing both enzymes, the IL-10 is the only cytokine induced by the expression of both enzymes and the expression profile of SmATPDases is relevant data for grouping individuals.
Conclusions
The expression of both enzymes in the parasite's eggs seems to be a new undescribed factor that negatively modulates the host immune response by inducing high IL-10 production, which, in turn, can contribute to the survival of the parasite.
Metaheuristic-based PID Control: Evaluating the Effect of Parameter Settings
Authors: Chew Ing-Ming , Wong Wie-Kitt , Juwono Filbert H. , Sivakumar Saaveethya 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control method has been utilized in many industrial control applications, which has its limitations for the optimized control. Manually calculated controller tunings by using fixed formulas are only adequately to give basic control but not well-competent to non-linear process with various operating levels. Optimization analysis via metaheuristic approach has substantially obtained the best solutions and has proven its credibility to provide the better controller values. Nevertheless, the optimization analysis might provides bad result if the determinant parameter settings are not properly adjusted during the optimization analysis. This paper objectively presents a direct way to determine the best determinant parameter settings for the optimization analysis, whereby the Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are chosen for the research analysis. In detail, parameter settings that include upper and lower bounds (UB, LB), maximum iteration (MaxIt), population size (nPop), mutation rate (mu) and damping ratio (wdamp) are analyzed. Ultimately, analysis results are compared with manually calculated controller tunings by using Level Process Control Training Module, SE-207. Both performance indexes and response curves showed that PSO and GA were better performed than the conventional tunings. While comparing optimization analyses, PSO reacted more aggressively than GA corresponding to slight overshoots but both optimizations produced very close error values. In conclusion, metaheuristic approach with proper parameter settings produces better control tunings as for the controlled loop demands aggressive control action would prefer PSO, and in contrast, a stabilized control prefers to apply GA for the nonlinear process.
Cosmology in the Linear PseudoPlane of the Act
Authors: Peluso Vincenzo 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
It is proposed a new cosmological model that does not require dark energy although it presents characteristics and trends almost comparable to those of the standard model.
It differs from the standard one by an "extra path factor" that comes from a central hypothesis and results in an additional distance due to the gravitational Radius.
This additional distance causes the matter density parameter to no longer remain constant but to rise from 0.5 to 1 from the big-bang to the present.
It is precisely this variation in the density of matter that gives rise to a non-zero pressure that drives the present acceleration phase of the universe's expansion.
Remarkably, the halving of the density during nucleosynthesis solves the primordial lithium problem, although it introduces a deuterium problem.
At last, the resulting model solves the Hubble tension and the $S_8$ tension and satisfies all the constraints deriving from the most recent accurate measurements of the BAO and the angular power spectrum of the CMB although it has one less parameter due to the absence of dark energy.
The same hypothesis explains the rotating motion of galaxies on a small scale and produces consequences that are very comparable to those of the MOND theory.

However, although the proposed model respects the same principles and same physics as the standard one, it is necessary to reinterpret it within the framework of the more original space of light, to be able to appreciate the naturalness of the hypothesis and its profound implications.
A generalisation of flat morphology, II: main properties, duality and hybrid operators
Authors: Ronse Christian 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In a previous paper, we gave a new general theory of the construction of flat operators on grey-level or multivalued images from operators on binary images. While the traditional approach was based on threshold superposition, we rely instead on threshold summation, and this allows a correct formulation for non-increasing flat operators, and also for operators with non-binary outputs. We obtained then some basic properties of flat operators, valid for both increasing and non-increasing operators. Here we pursue this work by investigating further properties of flat operators, which differ in the increasing and non-increasing cases, in particular the composition, join and meet of operators, and the commutation with contrast mappings. We study duality under inversion and characterise discrete linear convolution operators as flat operators. This allows to integrate various hybrid morphological operators into our framework.
MSC Classification: 68U10 , 06B23 , 06E30 , 06F20 , 26A45
Successful live birth in women with partial 17α hydroxylase deficiency: report of two cases
Authors: Du Xiaofang , Jia Qi , Wu Sheling , Wang Bijun , Guan Yichun 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background: The condition 17αhydroxylase deficiency (17-OHD) is a rare kind of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) manifested by delayed sexual development, infertility, failure to synthetize cortisol, adrenal androgens and elevated progesterone (P4). Partial deficiency is much rarer, presenting with subtler symptoms. It can inhibit folliculogenesis, and affect endometrial receptivity.The information regarding infertility care and conception in women with this disorder are extremely limited，and so far，to the best of our knowledge，there have been no reports of their natural pregnancy.
Case Description: The first one was a 27-year-old Chinese woman with partial 17-OHD due to the compound heterozygote mutation (c.887T>C(p.I296T) / c.1304T>C(p.F435S) )in the CYP17A1 gene who had suffered from recurrent cysts and infertility. In the course of treatment, we observed inadequate endometric development associated with prematurely elevated series P4。Subsequently, oral prednisone was used to lower ovarian and adrenal P4 overproduction. Finally the patient resumed spontaneous ovulation, conceived naturally and lived birth a female. The second case was a 32-year-old Chinese woman with partial 17-OHD due to the compound heterozygote mutation (c.1396G>A(p.E466K) / c.1459-1467del (p.Asp487-Phe489del ) ) in the CYP17A1 gene. Among them, c.1396G>A(p.E466K) was novel missense mutations. In vitro fertilization (IVF) was recommended due to the complexity of the disorder. Ultimately, 17 oocytes were retrieved and 2 cleavage embryos and 5 blastocysts were cryopreserved due to thin endometrium associated with decreased estrogen(E2) and prematurely elevated P4 after ovarian stimulation. Then oral prednisone was used to control adrenal P4 overproduction, then artificial endometrial preparation and frozen embryo transfer(FET) were performed, resulting in a singleton pregnancy. After the literature search in 17OHD women, no spontaneous pregnancy has been reported and only few case reports of successful pregnancies through IVF were summarized.
Conclusion: This report shows successful pregnancy was achieved in two partial 17-OHD women. It seemed that disorders of steroidogenesis caused by CYP17A1 didn't impair the developmental potential of oocytes. Women with partial 17-OHD can afford reproductive success by adequate hormonal control and endometrial preparation, and to our best knowledge, this is the first report on natural pregnancy in these women.
Differences in all-cause and suicide mortality between health care and other employees in Lithuania: a census-linked mortality follow-up study, 2011-2019
Authors: Kavaliauskas Povilas , Jasilionis Domantas , Kazlauskas Evaldas , Smailyte Giedre 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Lithuania shows one of the highest suicide rates worldwide. Studies from other countries report the elevated suicide risk among certain healthcare occupations even though mortality from other causes of death among medical doctors has become generally lower than mortality in the general population.
Methods
This study is based on the census-linked mortality dataset covering the entire population of Lithuania. The anonymised individual-level dataset includes all records from the 2011 census and death and emigration records between 1 March 2011 and 31 December 2019. The main variable of analysis identifies three groups: physicians, nurses and assistant nurses, and other health care employees. All-cause and suicide mortality rate ratios were estimated using a simple Cox survival regression model controlling for sex and age.
Results
Physicians, nurses and assistant nurses, and other health care employees have significantly higher all-cause mortality than the highly educated employees working in all other sectors (1.32 (1.07–1.64), 1.42 (1.21–1.66), and 1.48 (1.23–1.76), respectively). The corresponding rate ratios for suicide risk were 1.75 75 (0.87–3.55) for physicians and 0.58 (0.19–1.82) for nurses and assistant nurses, indicating lacking statistically significant relationships. Lacking statistically significant results for suicides can be explained by overall very low numbers of suicides among highly educated people (also including health workers).
Conclusions
The study indicates that healthcare workers show statistically significant excess all-cause mortality. The same (albeit statistically insignificant) tendency was observed in suicide risk among physicians.
Fluorescent In Situ Hybridisation (FISH) as a Follow-up Test for Postnatal Microarray Results
Authors: Sooknanan Rachna , Baine Fiona K , Ayuk Sandra 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background: Fluorescent in situ Hybridisation (FISH) is a valuable option for follow-up or confirmatory testing especially if aberrations have been missed or require further testing for interpretation after array comparative genomic hybridisation (aCGH). In this study, the Vysis IntelliFISH Hybridization Buffer (Abbott Molecular Inc.) hybridisation protocol was successfully validated with improved turn-around-time and the utility of FISH as a follow-up test for patients referred for aCGH testing was evaluated.
Results: The results for nine of 11 selected cases correlated with the aCGH findings. Of these, six were for 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, two for Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome and one for Prader-Willi/Angelman syndrome. In addition, two cases were negative on aCGH but were positive for Pallister-Killian syndrome on FISH, confirming the clinical diagnosis.
Conclusion: Offering FISH as a follow-up test to aCGH is beneficial in specific circumstances i.e., in tissue-specific mosaicism as illustrated by the PKS cases, or for family cascade testing of a confirmed microdeletion or microduplication. Genetics laboratories should consider implementing FISH studies as a follow-up test for post-natal microarray results.
On the rate of convergence in homogenization of time-fractional Hamilton-Jacobi equations
Authors: Mitake Hiroyoshi , Sato Shoichi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Here, we consider periodic homogenization for time-fractional Hamilton--Jacobi equations. By using the perturbed test function method, we establish the convergence, and give estimates on a rate of convergence. A main difficulty is the incompatibility between the function used in the doubling variable method, and the non-locality of the Caputo derivative. Our approach is to provide a lemma to prove the rate of convergence without the doubling variable method with respect to the time variable, which is a key ingredient.
2010 Mathematics Subject Classification. 34K37, 35B27, 49L25.
Revisiting the effect of shear stress on the γ→α phase transition of Cerium under shock loading
Authors: Zhao Kai , Gu Yunjun , Zhao Fan , Chen Qifeng 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The dynamic response of Cerium under high pressure and temperature is not clear due to the complexity of its phase diagram. Using large-scale atomistic simulations, we report the γ→α phase transition (PT) of Ce under shock loading. The PT behaviors predicted by present simulations are in good agreement with previous experiments, thus confirm the validity of the interatomic potential. While the simulated wave velocities of elastic precursor are larger than experiments, the PT wave velocities agree well with the LASL data. In the T-P phase diagram, the Hugoniot states generally agree with the lower-pressure extrapolation of the higher-pressure experimental data, but differ significantly from each other orientations. By examining the ratio between the shear stress and hydrostatic stress, it is found that the anisotropic response of PT kinetics might be dependent on the variance of shear stress with lattice orientations. The present study suggests that the effect of shear stress usually ignored in shock wave experiments has to be treated seriously when studying the low-pressure γ→α PT of Ce.