bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Relationship of early brain growth pattern measured by ultrasound with neurological outcome at two years of age in very low birth weight infants
Authors: Ruiz-González Estefanía , Lubián-López Simón P. , Jiménez Luque Natalia , Segado-Arenas Antonio , Lubián-Gutiérrez Manuel , Almagro Yolanda Marín , Zafra-Rodríguez Pamela , Méndez-Abad Paula , Benavente-Fernández Isabel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to define the impact of early brain growth trajectory in very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) on neurological prognosis at 2 years, assessed using sequential ultrasound (US) scans. This is a prospective cohort study with consecutive inclusion of VLBWI ≤ 32 weeks gestational age and ≤ 1500 g at birth. Total brain volume (TBV) was assessed using sequential 3D-US from birth to discharge. Prognosis at 2 years (corrected age) was assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Third Edition. TBV showed slower growth with postmenstrual age (PMA) in those VLBWI who had an adverse cognitive prognosis compared to those with good cognitive prognosis (mean difference in TBV between prognostic groups from 4.56 cm3 at 28 weeks to 42.58 cm3 at 43 weeks) as well as in those with adverse language prognosis (mean difference in TBV from 2.21 cm3 at 28 weeks to 26.98 cm3 at 43 weeks) although other variables showed more impact than TBV on language prognosis (gestational age at birth, brain injury at term, and socioeconomic status). No association was found between TBV and motor prognosis. Brain growth rate was also significantly higher in those VLBWI who presented good cognitive scores (18.78 + (0.33 × (PMA-33)) cm3/week) compared to those with adverse cognitive outcome (13.73 + (0.64 × (PMA-33)) cm3/week). Conclusion: Early altered brain growth is associated with poor cognitive prognosis at 2 years of age. Using sequential US monitoring, we can detect early brain growth deviation in patients who will have adverse cognitive outcomes.

What is known:• The prediction of neurodevelopmental outcome of VLBWI is mostly based on the presence of brain injury in US and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at term. • Some studies have related brain volume measured on MRI at term with neurodevelopment outcome.

What is new:• VLBWI with adverse cognitive prognosis at two years of age present smaller brain volumes detectable by sequential US during NICU admission.• Brain volume can be estimated from 2D and 3D US and has prognostic value in VLBWI.
Review of age and gender detection methods based on handwriting analysis
Authors: Alaei Fahimeh , Alaei Alireza 
Published: September 2023

AbstractHandwriting recognition and analysis has been an active area of research in the last two decades. Handwriting analysis is being studied in various fields of science, such as graphology, neurology, psychology, and computer science. Furthermore, automated handwriting analysis has several applications, including forensic, security, medical, and disease prediction. This paper presents the most recent handwriting analysis techniques and advancements available in the literature for age and gender classification/detection. Different steps, including feature extraction and classification, frequently used in the literature for age and gender detection, are discussed, and the presented works are classified according to the applied feature extraction and classification methods. The online and offline benchmark databases are also reviewed. We used a text mining technique to perform a quantitative content analysis of the presented research and better understand the co-occurrence network diagrams of age and gender classification/detection. This study is a valuable resource that provides new research directions to students and researchers interested in this field for further research and investigation.
A Mathematical Modelling Study of Chemotactic Dynamics in Cell Cultures: The Impact of Spatio-temporal Heterogeneity
Authors: Ayensa-Jiménez Jacobo , Doweidar Mohamed H. , Doblaré Manuel , Gaffney Eamonn A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs motivated by studies of cellular motility driven by spatiotemporal chemotactic gradients in microdevices, we develop a framework for constructing approximate analytical solutions for the location, speed and cellular densities for cell chemotaxis waves in heterogeneous fields of chemoattractant from the underlying partial differential equation models. In particular, such chemotactic waves are not in general translationally invariant travelling waves, but possess a spatial variation that evolves in time, and may even oscillate back and forth in time, according to the details of the chemotactic gradients. The analytical framework exploits the observation that unbiased cellular diffusive flux is typically small compared to chemotactic fluxes and is first developed and validated for a range of exemplar scenarios. The framework is subsequently applied to more complex models considering the chemoattractant dynamics under more general settings, potentially including those of relevance for representing pathophysiology scenarios in microdevice studies. In particular, even though solutions cannot be constructed in all cases, a wide variety of scenarios can be considered analytically, firstly providing global insight into the important mechanisms and features of cell motility in complex spatiotemporal fields of chemoattractant. Such analytical solutions also provide a means of rapid evaluation of model predictions, with the prospect of application in computationally demanding investigations relating theoretical models and experimental observation, such as Bayesian parameter estimation.
Best Practices for LGBTQIA + Patient Care in Otolaryngology
Authors: Stone Ari M. , Russel Sarah M. , Flaherty A. J. , Faucett Erynne A. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
This chapter introduces LGBTQIA + concepts, communities, and terminology in an effort to improve health care provider education, patient communication, and patient care.

Recent Findings
This chapter provides an overview of best practices to incorporate when treating LGBTQIA + patients in health care and more specifically in otolaryngology—head and neck surgery. We discuss issues unique to this population that may influence patient care.

Summary
This review aims to provide an overview of best practices to use in the care of sex and gender-minority patients while also illuminating some of the unique joys and challenges of serving this diverse population. Best practices should be shared with all clinic and operating room staff to ensure that LGBTQIA + patients feel safe and welcomed at every step of their visits.
NFT-based identity management in metaverses: challenges and opportunities
Authors: Banaeian Far Saeed , Hosseini Bamakan Seyed Mojtaba 
Published: September 2023

AbstractA considerable number of people worldwide start their second lives in the digital world soon. The 3D Internet reflects the digital world. Metaverse, the most famous example of the 3D Internet, is very popular and practical in people’s daily lives. However, combining Metaverse with newly-emerging technologies (e.g., blockchain) provides new user-friendly features such as autonomy, accessibility, removing central authorities, etc. Despite the mentioned attractive features, blockchain-based metaverses suffer various challenges, such as one user with multiple identities, certificate issuing for users in Metaverse, authentication-related issues, and arresting malicious users. Generally, identity management in a distributed environment where no central authority exists is a challenging issue. This study focuses on the challenge of distributed identity management in Metaverses to strike a balance between users’ privacy and regulation. The study proposes the use of Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) as a tool for managing identities in metaverses, as they are considered an excellent choice for this purpose. In addition to explaining the importance of this idea, this paper identifies its challenges, including distributed identity management, authentication issues, and security and privacy aspects. It then proposes possible solutions (e.g., using cryptographic tools). Despite existing challenges, there are many opportunities in the popularization of Metaverse, such as relying on blockchain technology, emerging many Metaverse-related jobs, in-Metaverse investments for huge revenues, and applying digital twins to provide realistic senses. This study also highlights the critical role of artificial intelligence (AI) in metaverses.
Risk of Stroke Recurrence After Intravenous Thrombolysis in Patients with Symptomatic Carotid Stenosis
Authors: Nordanstig Annika , Gu Thomas , Henze Alexander , Wester Per , Fox Allan J. , Johansson Elias 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT:Objective:To assess if intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) affects the risk of recurrent preoperative cerebrovascular events before carotid surgery or stenting in patients with symptomatic ≥ 50% carotid stenosis.Methods:Three cohorts of symptomatic ≥ 50% carotid stenosis patients were merged. To make the control group relevant, we excluded patients not presenting with stroke on the day of symptom onset. The risk of preoperative cerebrovascular events up to 30 days was compared between the IVT-treated and non-IVT-treated.Results:In total, 316 patients were included, 64 (20%) treated with IVT. Those treated with IVT had similar risk of recurrent ipsilateral ischemic stroke or retinal artery occlusion (12% at day 7, 12% at day 30) as those not treated (9% at day 7, 15% at day 30; adjusted HR 0.9, 95% CI 0.4–2.2). There was a tendency (p = 0.09) towards time-dependency in the data where the recurrence risk was higher in IVT-treated at day 0 (6% in IVT-treated, 1% in non-IVT-treated, OR 5.5, 95% CI 1.2–25.4, p = 0.03). This was not significant when adjusting for co-factors (adjusted OR 4.4, 95% CI 0.9–21.8, p = 0.07) and was offset by a later risk decrease, with no remaining risk difference between IVT-treated and non-IVT-treated at day 7.Conclusions:Intravenous thrombolysis treatment does not seem to affect the risk of recurrent ipsilateral ischemic stroke in patients with symptomatic ≥50% carotid stenosis: The risk is high in both IVT-treated and non-IVT-treated. However, there might be a risk increase on the day of IVT treatment that is offset by a risk decrease during the first week.
Context-Dependent Responses to the Spread of COVID-19 Among National and International Students During the First Lockdown: An Online Survey
Authors: Andreatta Marta , Jongerling Joran , Wieser Matthias J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background:
Restrictions to minimize social contact was necessary to prevent the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus but may have impacted individuals’ mental well-being. Emotional responses are modulated by contextual information. Living abroad during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have boosted the feeling of isolation as the context is unfamiliar.

Objectives:
This study compared the psychological impact of social distancing in national students (living in a familiar context) versus international students (living in an unfamiliar context).

Methods:
During March/April 2020 (first lockdown in the Netherlands), 850 university students completed an online survey. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to compare how students’ responses to the virus were predicted by health anxiety, emotional distress, and personal traits.

Results:
Compared with national students, international students showed higher levels in 4 identified factors (COVID-19-related worry, perceived risk of infection, distance from possibly contaminated objects, distance from social situations). The factors were mainly predicted by health anxiety across international students, while emotional distress and individual traits (eg, intolerance of uncertainty) played a role across national students.

Conclusions:
In the familiar context, individual characteristics (traits) predicted the responses to the virus, while the unfamiliar context drove individuals’ health-focused responses. Living in a foreign country is associated with psychological burdens and this should be considered by universities for more pronounced social support and clear references to health-related institutions.
On the Role of Erotetic Constraints in Noncausal Explanations
Authors: Kostić Daniel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIn noncausal explanations, some noncausal facts (such as mathematical, modal, or metaphysical) are used to explain some physical facts. However, precisely because these explanations abstract away from causal facts, they face two challenges: (1) it is not clear why one rather than the other noncausal explanantia would be relevant for the explanandum; and (2) why would standing in a particular explanatory relation (e.g., “counterfactual dependence,” “constraint,” “entailment,” “constitution,” and “grounding”), and not in some other, be explanatory. I develop an explanatory relevance account that is based on erotetic constraints and show how it addresses these two challenges.
Improved conversational recommender system based on dialog context
Authors: Wang Xiaoyi , Liu Jie , Duan Jianyong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractConversational recommender system (CRS) needs to be seamlessly integrated between the two modules of recommendation and dialog, aiming to recommend high-quality items to users through multiple rounds of interactive dialogs. Items can typically refer to goods, movies, news, etc. Through this form of interactive dialog, users can express their preferences in real time, and the system can fully understand the user’s thoughts and recommend corresponding items. Although mainstream dialog recommendation systems have improved the performance to some extent, there are still some key issues, such as insufficient consideration of the entity’s order in the dialog, the different contributions of items in the dialog history, and the low diversity of generated responses. To address these shortcomings, we propose an improved dialog context model based on time-series features. Firstly, we augment the semantic representation of words and items using two external knowledge graphs and align the semantic space using mutual information maximization techniques. Secondly, we add a retrieval model to the dialog recommendation system to provide auxiliary information for generating replies. We then utilize a deep timing network to serialize the dialog content and more accurately learn the feature relationship between users and items for recommendation. In this paper, the dialog recommendation system is divided into two components, and different evaluation indicators are used to evaluate the performance of the dialog component and the recommendation component. Experimental results on widely used benchmarks show that the proposed method is effective.
Digital Communication, Family Identity, and Markers of Emerging	Adulthood
Authors: LeBouef Samantha , Dworkin Jodi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract: In the current study, we examined the relationships between key markers of emerging adulthood (unique combinations of work and school in particular), family identity, and frequency of digital communication with mother, father, and closest sibling to address several gaps in the literature. The goal of this study was to examine how work and school status were associated with family identity, and frequency of digital communication with mothers, fathers, and siblings. This study utilized a subsample ( n = 355) of emerging adults who reported on digital communication with three family members (mother, father, and closest sibling) as part of a larger study. Data were collected through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk and participants were compensated $0.50 for their time. A series of descriptive analyses, MANCOVAs, and moderated regressions were conducted using SPSS version 25. Analyses revealed that family identity was associated with digital communication with mother and father, and social well-being moderated the relationship between digital communication with mother and family identity; these relationships did not vary by markers of emerging adulthood. Limitations and future directions for research are considered.
Atomistic study of liquid fragility and spatial heterogeneity of glassy solids in model binary alloys
Authors: Wakeda Masato , Ichitsubo Tetsu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractFragility is a fundamental property of glass-forming liquids. Here, we evaluated the liquid fragility and structural and dynamic heterogeneity of glassy solids for four model binary alloys. The most fragile alloy exhibited the maximum dynamic heterogeneity in the mechanical unfreezing process. The local atomic order contributed to structural and dynamic heterogeneities in the glassy solid. We observed that atomic displacement significantly correlated with degrees of clustering of local atomic orders. The clustering produced during the glass-forming quenching process enhanced structural and dynamic heterogeneities, especially in fragile glass alloys. Therefore, this alloy system exhibited correlations among liquid fragility, dynamic heterogeneity in liquid alloys, and dynamic and structural heterogeneities in glassy solids. We discussed the underlying physics of the correlation based on a theoretical model for fragility. These structural and dynamic analyses also provided deeper insights into the features of structural heterogeneity in glassy solids. The alloy with the most fragility exhibited the largest difference in atomic mobility between the densely and loosely packed local atomic orders, implying the greatest heterogeneity in the degree of packing density.
Emerging systemic therapy options beyond CDK4/6 inhibitors for hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative advanced breast cancer
Authors: Ma Jun , Chan Jack Junjie , Toh Ching Han , Yap Yoon-Sim 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEndocrine therapy (ET) with cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) is currently the standard first-line treatment for most patients with hormone receptor (HR) positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) negative advanced breast cancer. However, resistance to ET and CDK4/6i inevitably ensues. The optimal post-progression treatment regimens and their sequencing continue to evolve in the rapidly changing treatment landscape. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of resistance to ET and CDK4/6i, which can be broadly classified as alterations affecting cell cycle mediators and activation of alternative signaling pathways. Recent clinical trials have been directed at the targets and pathways implicated, including estrogen and androgen receptors, PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK pathways, tyrosine kinase receptors such as FGFR and HER2, homologous recombination repair pathway, other components of the cell cycle and cell death. We describe the findings from these clinical trials using small molecule inhibitors, antibody–drug conjugates and immunotherapy, providing insights into how these novel strategies may circumvent treatment resistance, and discuss how some have not translated into clinical benefit. The challenges posed by tumor heterogeneity, adaptive rewiring of signaling pathways and dose-limiting toxicities underscore the need to elucidate the latest tumor biology in each patient, and develop treatments with improved therapeutic index in the era of precision medicine.
Comparative physiology of canopy tree leaves in evergreen and deciduous forests in lowland Thailand
Authors: Ishida Atsushi , Yamaji Keiko , Nakano Takashi , Ladpala Phanumard , Popradit Ananya , Yoshimura Kenichi , Saiki Shin-Taro , Maeda Takahisa , Yoshimura Jin , Koyama Kohei , Diloksumpun Sapit , Marod Dokrak 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe typical seasonally dry forests in Southeast Asia are the mixed deciduous forest (MDF), dry dipterocarp (deciduous) forest (DDF), and dry evergreen forest (DEF). We obtained 21 physiological traits in the top/sunlit leaves of 107, 65 and 51 tree species in MDF, DEF and DDF, respectively. Approximately 70%, 95% and 95% of canopy tree species which consist of MDF, DEF and DDF are sampled, respectively. Light-saturated photosynthetic rates (Asat) exhibit a positive correlation with foliar nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) on leaf mass and area bases across tree species. Decreased leaf mass-based P reduces the positive slope of the mass-based N and Asat relationship across species and habitats. The differences in nutrient and water use and leaf habits are well matched to the variation in soil properties among the forest types, highlighting the reliability of this comprehensive database for revealing the mechanism of niche segregation based on edaphic factors.
An RFI-suppressed SMOS L-band multi-angular brightness temperature dataset spanning over a decade (since 2010)
Authors: Peng Zhiqing , Zhao Tianjie , Shi Jiancheng , Kerr Yann H. , Rodríguez-Fernández Nemesio J. , Yao Panpan , Che Tao 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe Soil Moisture Ocean Salinity (SMOS) was the first mission providing L-band multi-angular brightness temperature (TB) at the global scale. However, radio frequency interferences (RFI) and aliasing effects degrade, when present SMOS TBs, and thus affect the retrieval of land parameters. To alleviate this, a refined SMOS multi-angular TB dataset was generated based on a two-step regression approach. This approach smooths the TBs and reconstructs data at the incidence angle with large TB uncertainties. Compared with Centre Aval de Traitement des Données SMOS (CATDS) TB product, this dataset shows a better relationship with the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) TB and enhanced correlation with in-situ measured soil moisture. This RFI-suppressed SMOS TB dataset, spanning more than a decade (since 2010), is expected to provide opportunities for better retrieval of land parameters and scientific applications.
SC2EGSet: StarCraft II Esport Replay and Game-state Dataset
Authors: Białecki Andrzej , Jakubowska Natalia , Dobrowolski Paweł , Białecki Piotr , Krupiński Leszek , Szczap Andrzej , Białecki Robert , Gajewski Jan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAs a relatively new form of sport, esports offers unparalleled data availability. Our work aims to open esports to a broader scientific community by supplying raw and pre-processed files from StarCraft II esports tournaments. These files can be used in statistical and machine learning modeling tasks and compared to laboratory-based measurements. Additionally, we open-sourced and published all the custom tools that were developed in the process of creating our dataset. These tools include PyTorch and PyTorch Lightning API abstractions to load and model the data. Our dataset contains replays from major and premiere StarCraft II tournaments since 2016. We processed 55 “replaypacks” that contained 17930 files with game-state information. Our dataset is one of the few large publicly available sources of StarCraft II data upon its publication. Analysis of the extracted data holds promise for further Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), psychological, Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), and sports-related studies in a variety of supervised and self-supervised tasks.