bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cost and health‐related quality of life for children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus in Central China
Authors: Ren Lingshuang , Cui Lidan , Wang Qianli , Gao Liujiong , Xu Meng , Wang Meng , Wu Qianhui , Guo Jinxin , Lin Li , Liang Yuxia , Liu Nuolan , Cheng Yibing , Yang Juan , Yu Hongjie 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe economic burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection and its impact on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) are not well‐understood in China. This study assessed total cost and HRQoL for children hospitalized with RSV in Central China.MethodsBased on a prospective case series study in Henan Province in 2020–2021, inpatients aged 0–59 months with RSV‐related acute respiratory infections (ARIs) were included into analysis. Total cost included direct medical cost (sum of medical cost before and during hospitalization), direct non‐medical cost, and indirect cost. Direct medical cost during hospitalization data were extracted from the hospital information system. Other costs and HRQoL status were obtained from a telephone survey conducted in the caregivers of the enrolled patients.ResultsAmong 261 RSV‐infected inpatients, caregivers of 170 non‐severe cases (65.1%, 170/261) were successfully interviewed. Direct medical cost per episode was 1055.3 US dollars (US$) (95% CI: 998.2–1112.5 US$). Direct non‐medical cost and indirect cost per episode were 83.6 US$ (95% CI: 77.5–89.7 US$) and 162.4 US$ (95% CI: 127.9–197.0 US$), respectively. Quality adjusted life years (QALY) loss for non‐severe RSV hospitalization was 8.9 × 10−3 (95% CI: 7.9 × 10−3–9.9 × 10−3). The majority of inpatients were <1 year of age comprising significantly higher cost and more QALY loss than older children.ConclusionsRSV‐associated hospitalization poses high economic and health burden in Central China particularly for children <1 year old. Our findings are crucial for determining the priority of interventions and allocation of health resources.
Next‐generation bromodomain inhibitors of the SWI/SNF complex enhance DNA damage and cell death in glioblastoma
Authors: Yang Chuanhe , He Yali , Wang Yinan , McKinnon Peter J. , Shahani Vijay , Miller Duane D. , Pfeffer Lawrence M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractGlioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain cancer with a poor prognosis. While surgical resection is the primary treatment, adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy and radiotherapy only provide slight improvement in disease course and outcome. Unfortunately, most treated patients experience recurrence of highly aggressive, therapy‐resistant tumours and eventually succumb to the disease. To increase chemosensitivity and overcome therapy resistance, we have modified the chemical structure of the PFI‐3 bromodomain inhibitor of the BRG1 and BRM catalytic subunits of the SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling complex. Our modifications resulted in compounds that sensitized GBM to the DNA alkylating agent TMZ and the radiomimetic bleomycin. We screened these chemical analogues using a cell death ELISA with GBM cell lines and a cellular thermal shift assay using epitope tagged BRG1 or BRM bromodomains expressed in GBM cells. An active analogue, IV‐129, was then identified and further modified, resulting in new generation of bromodomain inhibitors with distinct properties. IV‐255 and IV‐275 had higher bioactivity than IV‐129, with IV‐255 selectively binding to the bromodomain of BRG1 and not BRM, while IV‐275 bound well to both BRG1 and BRM bromodomains. In contrast, IV‐191 did not bind to either bromodomain or alter GBM chemosensitivity. Importantly, both IV‐255 and IV‐275 markedly increased the extent of DNA damage induced by TMZ and bleomycin as determined by nuclear γH2AX staining. Our results demonstrate that these next‐generation inhibitors selectively bind to the bromodomains of catalytic subunits of the SWI/SNF complex and sensitize GBM to the anticancer effects of TMZ and bleomycin. This approach holds promise for improving the treatment of GBM.
Report from a randomized control trial: improved alignment between circadian biology and sleep–wake behavior as a mechanism of depression symptom improvement in evening‐type adolescents with depressive symptoms
Authors: Asarnow Lauren D. , Soehner Adriane , Dolsen Emily , Dong Lulu , Harvey Allison G. 
Published: August 2023

Study objectivesAn evening circadian preference is common among adolescents. It is characterized by a behavioral predilection for later sleep and wake timing and is associated with higher rates of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). The present study aims to (a) test the effectiveness of a cognitive behavioral sleep intervention (Transdiagnostic Sleep and Circadian Intervention; TranS‐C) in a sample of adolescents with an evening circadian preference and clinically significant depressive symptoms and (b) evaluate improved alignment between circadian biology and sleep–wake behavior as a potential mechanism in the relationship between sleep and depression symptom improvement.MethodsAdolescents with an evening circadian preference and clinically significant depressive symptoms were randomized to receive TranS‐C (n = 24) or a psychoeducation condition (PE; n = 18). Alignment between circadian biology and sleep–wake behavior was measured using objective biological measurement. Measures of sleep and circadian rhythm were taken at pre‐ and posttreatment, and depression symptoms were measured at pre‐ and posttreatment and 6‐ and 12‐month follow‐up.ResultsMixed effects modeling revealed that compared with an active control condition, TranS‐C resulted in a significant reduction in MDD severity at 12‐month follow‐up. A MacArthur mediation analysis conducted to explore alignment between circadian biology and sleep–wake behavior as a mediator of depression severity reduction through 12‐month follow‐up revealed a significant interaction between change in alignment between circadian biology and sleep–wake behavior and treatment arm, indicating that improved alignment between circadian biology and sleep–wake behavior at posttreatment was associated with improvements in depression outcomes at 12‐month follow‐up under the treatment condition.ConclusionsThese results provide novel evidence for improved alignment between circadian biology and sleep–wake behavior as a specific mechanism of depression improvement, provide key clues into the complex relationship between sleep and depression, and have significant clinical implications for adolescents with depression.
Stored product pest Nemapogon variatella (Clemens): Identification of sex pheromone, putative antagonist and mitotype characterization
Authors: Radžiutė Sandra , Orlovskytė Svetlana , Būdienė Jurga , Blažytė‐Čereškienė Laima , Bumbulytė Gabrielė , Būda Vincas 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNemapogon variatella (Clemens) (Lepidoptera: Tineidae) is a worldwide widespread stored product pest that damages grain, dried fruits and mushrooms. The most powerful and environmentally friendly tool for insect pest monitoring and control is pheromone application. In our study, we revealed for the first time that the females of N. variatella release (3Z,13Z)‐octadecadien‐1‐ol – a single compound that activates olfactory receptors in the antenna of conspecific males. These data allow to assign this compound, which has been known as an attractant for males only, to the category of sex pheromones of N. variatella moths. Males' olfactory system is sensitive not only to the sex pheromone compound but also to (3E,13Z)‐octadecadien‐1‐ol as well. (3E,13Z)‐octadecadien‐1‐ol is attributed to putative pheromone antagonists. During the analysis of genetic diversity, six mitotypes of N. variatella CO1‐5′ were detected and preliminary named Mit1–Mit6. The obtained high haplotype diversity (Hd = 0.796) and low nucleotide diversity (Pi = 0.007) suggest that this species may have undergone a recent population expansion.
Annual report of the Committee on Gynecologic Oncology, the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology: Annual Patient Report for 2020 and Annual Treatment Report for 2015
Authors: Yoshino Kiyoshi , Kurita Tomoko , Takahashi Fumiaki , Nagase Satoru ,   Board members of the 2022 Committee on Gynecologic Oncology of the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimTo provide information including the trend of gynecological malignancies in Japan, we hereby present the annual patient report for 2020 and the Annual Treatment Report for 2015, on the outcomes of patients who started treatment in 2015.MethodsThe Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology maintains an annual tumor registry, where information on gynecological malignancies from various participating institutions is gathered. The data of patients whose treatment with gynecologic malignancies was initiated in 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. Survival of the patients who started treatment with cervical, endometrial, and ovarian cancer in 2015 was analyzed by using the Kaplan–Meier, log‐rank, and Wilcoxson tests.ResultsTreatment was initiated in 2020 for 7689 patients with cervical cancer, 13 113 with endometrial cancer, 8004 with ovarian, tubal, and peritoneal cancer, 2152 with ovarian borderline tumors, and with the others (260 vulvar cancer, 157 vaginal cancer, 464 uterine sarcoma, 50 uterine adenosarcoma, 136 trophoblastic diseases). This clinicopathological information was summarized as the patient annual report. The 5‐year survival rates of the patients with cervical cancer were 92.3%, 76.2%, 56.5%, and 32.2% for Stages I, II, III, and IV, respectively. The 5‐year survival rates for the patients with endometrial cancer were 93.9%, 87.6%, 71.4%, and 29.3% for Stages I, II, III, and IV, respectively. The 5‐year survival rates for the patients with ovarian cancer (surface epithelial‐stromal tumors) were 91.7%, 80.6%, 50.8%, and 39.7% for Stages I, II, III, and IV, respectively.ConclusionThe annual tumor report is an important survey that provides knowledge on gynecological malignancy trends in Japan.
Gaining in impacts by leveraging the policy mix: Evidence from the European Cohesion Policy in more developed regions
Authors: Cristofoletti Enrico , Gabriele Roberto , Giua Mara 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis paper investigates how the overall impact of the European Cohesion Policy depends on the composition of the regional investment in Hard (infrastructure) and Soft (business and technical support) projects. The study employs a generalized propensity score (GPS) analysis in a multidimensional treatment context. In particular, the two dimensions considered are given by the Hard and Soft investments. The GPS estimation is based on a set of relevant idiosyncratic features of the regions. The second step estimates a dose–response function in a two‐dimensional setting. The results confirm the existence of nonlinearities in the effect of different amounts of funds, but more importantly, show a degree of complementarity between Hard and Soft investment and that for policymakers, it is crucial to exploit such features to achieve more significant impact. The EU's more developed regions could have achieved a doubled GDP p.c. growth rate by pursuing a policy mix where Hard investments are reduced in favor of Soft investments. This improvement is comparable to the one obtained by at least doubling the available resources. The findings add to the evidence collected on the impact of the Cohesion Policy, suggesting a shift of the debate from the quantity to the quality of the expenditure pursued under the umbrella of territorial policies.
Solving the shortage of psychiatric – mental health nurses in acute inpatient care settings
Authors: Frawley Timmy , Culhane Aisling 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis debate essay proposes possible remedies to the shortage of nurses in acute inpatient mental health settings and draws inspiration from a Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing editorial, Glascott and McKeown (2022, 29, 767).AimThe aim is to stimulate debate within the profession. The art and science of nursing continues to develop but staffing shortages in key areas undermine practice, leadership, academic and policy efforts to improve the quality of care for people attending services.MethodThis is a debate essay which draws on the authors’ experience and presents ideas based on extant literature.ResultsOrganisational, professional and wider societal challenges are explored. Practice‐based solutions as well as recommendations for improving the terms and conditions of employment of nurses are made. Opportunities which may empower the nursing profession are promulgated.DiscussionIt is intended that this paper will provoke further discourse and may reflect the ‘call to action’ advocated by Glascott and McKeown (Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing, 2022, 29, 767).Implications for PracticeWhile the focus is on acute inpatient mental health nursing, the ideas presented may have an application to wider nursing groups or a wider cadre of public sector workers.
Seaweed biogeochemistry: Global assessment of C:N and C:P ratios and implications for ocean afforestation
Authors: Sheppard Emily J. , Hurd Catriona L. , Britton Damon D. , Reed Daniel C. , Bach Lennart T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAlgal carbon‐to‐nitrogen (C:N) and carbon‐to‐phosphorus (C:P) ratios are fundamental for understanding many oceanic biogeochemical processes, such as nutrient flux and climate regulation. We synthesized literature data (444 species, >400 locations) and collected original samples from Tasmania, Australia (51 species, 10 locations) to update the global ratios of seaweed carbon‐to‐nitrogen (C:N) and carbon‐to‐phosphorus (C:P). The updated global mean molar ratio for seaweed C:N is 20 (ranging from 6 to 123) and for C:P is 801 (ranging from 76 to 4102). The C:N and C:P ratios were significantly influenced by seawater inorganic nutrient concentrations and seasonality. Additionally, C:N ratios varied by phyla. Brown seaweeds (Ochrophyta, Phaeophyceae) had the highest mean C:N of 27.5 (range: 7.6–122.5), followed by green seaweeds (Chlorophyta) of 17.8 (6.2–54.3) and red seaweeds (Rhodophyta) of 14.8 (5.6–77.6). We used the updated C:N and C:P values to compare seaweed tissue stoichiometry with the most recently reported values for plankton community stoichiometry. Our results show that seaweeds have on average 2.8 and 4.0 times higher C:N and C:P than phytoplankton, indicating seaweeds can assimilate more carbon in their biomass for a given amount of nutrient resource. The stoichiometric comparison presented herein is central to the discourse on ocean afforestation (the deliberate replacement of phytoplankton with seaweeds to enhance the ocean biological carbon sink) by contributing to the understanding of the impact of nutrient reallocation from phytoplankton to seaweeds under large‐scale seaweed cultivation.
Term structure modeling with overnight rates beyond stochastic continuity
Authors: Fontana Claudio , Grbac Zorana , Schmidt Thorsten 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOvernight rates, such as the Secured Overnight Financing Rate (SOFR) in the United States, are central to the current reform of interest rate benchmarks. A striking feature of overnight rates is the presence of jumps and spikes occurring at predetermined dates due to monetary policy interventions and liquidity constraints. This corresponds to stochastic discontinuities (i.e., discontinuities occurring at ex ante known points in time) in their dynamics. In this work, we propose a term structure modeling framework based on overnight rates and characterize absence of arbitrage in a generalized Heath–Jarrow–Morton (HJM) setting. We extend the classical short‐rate approach to accommodate stochastic discontinuities, developing a tractable setup driven by affine semimartingales. In this context, we show that simple specifications allow to capture stylized facts of the jump behavior of overnight rates. In a Gaussian setting, we provide explicit valuation formulas for bonds and caplets. Furthermore, we investigate hedging in the sense of local risk‐minimization when the underlying term structures feature stochastic discontinuities.
From Silicon Valley to the Levant: Innovation in the Eastern Mediterranean
Authors: Grigoriadis Ioannis N. , Dervişler Olgu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMarket economies in the eastern Mediterranean are not counted among ideal‐typical innovators. But this picture may be changing. This article explores the emerging innovation systems in the eastern Mediterranean by examining recent data and the literatures on varieties of capitalism and innovation systems. Through the cases of Cyprus, Israel, and Turkey, the study argues that the varieties of capitalism framework, by focusing on performance at the macro level, disregards the subnational performance of these outlier markets, which have promising regional or local innovation systems. Fostering cooperation among these emerging innovation systems could become a valuable instrument for overcoming deeply rooted conflicts in the eastern Mediterranean, which has turned into a “crisis zone” due to recent energy discoveries.
Is evidence‐based L2 pedagogy achievable? The research–practice dialogue in grammar instruction
Authors: Hwang Hyun–Bin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the influence of teachers’ experience with research‐related activities on their current grammar teaching practice and research engagement for second language (L2) grammar instruction. Survey responses were collected from 701 Korean L2 English teachers and were analyzed with exploratory factor analyses and logistic regressions. This study found four major findings, irrespective of the level of teachers’ prior experience with research‐related activities. First, there was a marked discrepancy between teachers’ grammar instruction and pedagogical recommendations of form‐focused instruction studies. Second, in‐class environment was the most influential element in shaping their grammar instruction. Third, more research‐related activities in the past did not lead to noticeable research engagement in the present. Fourth, lack of external support was the biggest hindrance to teachers’ research engagement to implement evidence‐based grammar instruction. However, prior research‐related experience appeared to nudge teachers into acknowledging the value of research while also causing them to be more cognizant of the limited relevance of research to their grammar teaching practice. I argue that the irrelevance of research can be a more serious obstacle to teachers’ research engagement in the long term and L2 pedagogy literacy of researchers is a prerequisite for research‐informed pedagogy to be achievable.
Development and testing of a questionnaire assessing knowledge, attitudes, and practices to prevent unplanned oral extubation
Authors: Wang Meizhong , Pan Shiqin , Sun Lijuan , Sun Xiaolin , Ma Qin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe prevention of unplanned endotracheal extubation (UEE) is significant for the critical care of intensive care unit (ICU) patients.AimTo develop a questionnaire to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of the nurses regarding of the prevention of UEE in ICU patients with transoral endotracheal intubation (TEI) and to test the validity and reliability of the questionnaire.Study DesignItems relevant to KAP were prepared following a literature review, and then screened using a Delphi expert consultation, pre‐test, and factor analysis. The nursing staffs in four tertiary hospitals in Qinghai, Jiangsu, Gansu, and Shandong provinces were surveyed to test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.ResultsThe questionnaire contained 76 items, including 10, 37, and 29 in the dimensions of knowledge, attitude, and practice, respectively. The scale‐level content validity index (S‐CVI) of the questionnaire was 0.96. The results of exploratory factor analysis (EFA) showed that the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin value was 0.956, indicating that the sample was adequate and suitable for factor analysis. The result of the Bartlett spherical test was significant (p < .001), indicating that the questionnaire was suitable for further EFA. A total of six common factors were extracted by EFA with a cumulative variance interpretation rate of 85.52%, indicating that the questionnaire had good structural validity. The Cronbach's alpha was 0.981 for the whole questionnaire; and was 0.966, 0.996, and 0.981 for the dimensions of knowledge, attitude, and practice, respectively. The test–retest reliability for the questionnaire was 0.843.ConclusionsThe developed questionnaire has good reliability and validity and can be used as a scientific tool for the nursing leaders to prevent UEE in ICU patients with TEI.Relevance to Clinical PracticeThe instrument provides a theoretical reference for establishing preventive strategies and management programs in clinical practice.
Validation of the NOVA score for the consumption of ultra‐processed foods by young women of Medellín, Colombia
Authors: Correa‐Madrid María Camila , Correa Guzmán Nathalia , Bergeron Gilles , Restrepo‐Mesa Sandra L. , Cediel Gustavo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUltra‐processed foods (UPFs) are associated with deterioration in dietary quality and the development of chronic diseases. The NOVA score, developed in Brazil to assess UPF consumption quickly and inexpensively, is adapted and validated here using a sample of 203 young women from Medellín, Colombia. Food consumption was evaluated using 24‐hour dietary recall and with the NOVA‐UPF score. Food items were classified using the NOVA categories. The energy consumed from UPFs and its percentage of the total energy consumed was estimated. The association between the NOVA‐UPF score and the percentage of energy from UPF (%UPF/E) was evaluated. Both variables were categorized into quintiles and concordance was estimated using prevalence and bias‐adjusted kappa (PABAK). A regression model was used to assess the association between the NOVA‐UPF score and critical nutrients. The mean NOVA‐UPF score among study participants was 4.5, with 27% of the total energy they consumed coming from UPFs. There was a positive, linear association between the NOVA‐UPF score and %UPF/E (p < 0.001) and substantial agreement (PABAK = 0.75) in the classification of participants between UPF energy quintiles and NOVA‐UPF score quintiles. The NOVA‐UPF score was positively and significantly associated with sodium, total fat, and saturated fat intake. We conclude that the adapted NOVA‐UPF score may help monitor the consumption of UPFs among young women in Medellín.