bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DeepRetNet: Retinal Disease Classification using Attention UNet++ based Segmentation and Optimized Deep Learning Technique
Authors: W Nancy , R Prianka R , R Porselvi , T Arun Raghesh J 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Human eyesight depends significantly on retinal tissue. The loss of eyesight may result from infections of the retinal tissue that are treated slowly or not at all. Furthermore, when a large dataset is involved, the diagnosis is susceptible to inaccuracies. Hence, a fully automated approach based on deep learning for diagnosing retinal illness is proposed in order to minimise human intervention while maintaining high precision in classification. The proposed Attention UNet++ based Deep Retinal Network (Attn_UNet++ based DeepRetNet) is designed for classifying the retinal disease along with the segmentation criteria. In this, the Attn_UNet++ is employed for segmentation, wherein the UNet++ with dense connection is hybridized with Attention module for enhancing the segmentation accuracy. Then, the disease classification is performed using the DeepRetNet, wherein the loss function optimization is employed using the Improved Gazelle optimization (ImGaO) algorithm. Here, the adaptive weighting strategy is added with the conventional Gazelle algorithm for enhancing the global search with fast convergence rate. The performance analysis of proposed Attn_UNet++ based DeepRetNet based on Accuracy, Specificity, Precision, Recall, F1-Measure, and MSE accomplished the values of 97.20%, 98.36%, 95.90%, 95.50%, 96.53%, and 2.80% respectively.
Increasing moisture limitation predominates recent decline trend in ecosystem respiration
Authors: Zhou Xuhui , Li Nan , Du Zhenggang , Shao Junjiong , Gao Yukun , Zhou Lingyan , Zhou Guiyao , Ji Yuhuang , Wen Xuefa , Reich Peter B 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Due to the temperature sensitivity of many plant and microbial processes, climate warming generally stimulates terrestrial ecosystem respiration (ER), the largest land-to-air CO2flux annually. However, climate change is also steadily enhancing drought risk in most regions on the Earth, and given sensitivity of plant and microbial metabolism to soil moisture, this consequently makes uncertain the degree to which and dynamics of how, where, and whether climate change will stimulate ER at the global scale. Here, we provide a data-driven estimate of global ER product from 1989 to 2018 using a modified CO2flux partitioning model based on eddy covariance, a Random Forest model, meteorological and remote-sensing observations. Our results showed that global ER increased at a rate of 0.110 ± 0.097 Pg C yr− 2in 1989–1998 but then decreased at a rate of -0.090 ± 0.018 Pg C yr− 2in 1998–2018. This declining trend in the global terrestrial ER was primarily driven by increasing moisture limitation, especially in a majority of tropical and temperate regions. However, current global land models do not adequately capture this apparent decreased trend in ER over the past two decades, likely because they overestimate impacts of rising temperature on global ER while underestimating the associated soil moisture effect. Our findings pose new scientific challenges and opportunities for model benchmarking, hypothesis generation and testing, and ecological forecasting.
A TPMS-Based Hybrid Fin Design for Effective Heat Transfer Enhancement
Authors: Wang Zhaoguang , Shen Jiale , Zhang Qiang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Heat transfer enhancement technology, as an important means of improving energy efficiency, is gaining increasing research interest. Conventional fin designs for heat transfer enhancement have hit a bottleneck, necessitating the exploration of revolutionary design concepts. The present study examines the Schwartz-D TPMS structure as a new fin design in liquid cooling and elucidates the mechanism of longitudinal flow mixing induced by the intertwined interior space. The fluid-only analysis indicates that the cooling performance improvement by the Schwartz-D structure is superior when the heat transfer process is determined by flow convection, but attenuates to a comparable level with traditional fin structures as solid conduction becomes predominant. Based on these understandings, the current work proposes a novel hybrid design that integrates pin fins at regular intervals between periodic Schwartz-D structures. The fluid-solid conjugate analysis, which is validated by experimental measurements, demonstrates that the hybrid design maintains the best cooling performance for the entire range of fin material thermal conductivity.
Autonomous localized path planning algorithm for UAVs based on TD3 strategy
Authors: Zhao Feiyu , Li Dayan , Wang Zhengxu , Mao Jianlin , Wang Niya 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Aiming at the current local path planning methods for UAVs, the problem of weak portability due to the large influence of different controllers on its planning effect and the weak autonomous decision-making ability of UAV path planning, an autonomous local path planning algorithm for UAVs based on the TD3 policy update is proposed. On the basis of not changing the UAV's native controller, the decision-making model is designed to help the UAV realize local path planning work in unfamiliar environments based on environmental information. The model filters and extracts the UAV sensor, camera image information, and lidar information, inputs them into the reinforcement learning agent, outputs high-level command actions to the robot cooperative operating system, and transmits the movement commands from the operating system to the UAV, realizes the local path planning task of the UAV, and carries out the test experiments based on the training results. The test results show that the autonomous local path planning algorithm for UAVs based on deep reinforcement learning can effectively realize the autonomous local path planning task of UAVs, and the success rate reaches 93% under the interference of no obstacles, and 92% in the environment with obstacles. The success rate and portability of UAV implementation of path planning are improved.
Zero-length photo-crosslinking by organoiridium catalyst for intracellular interactome mapping
Authors: Kwon Tae-Hyuk , Nam Jung Seung , Kang Myeong-Gyun , Yoo Chang-Mo , Lee Chae Gyu , Seo Jeong Kon , Rhee Hyun-Woo 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Direct zero-length photo-crosslinking by a single photocatalyst has great value in exploring protein–protein interactions for understanding important biological events. However, its application in living cells has been challenging. Herein, we rationally designed an organoiridium catalyst with enhanced photo-crosslinking efficiency based on its triplet excited state lifetime and devised a proteomic method with HaloTag and the green fluorescent protein (GFP)-GFP binding protein (GBP) system involving photo-crosslinking by organoiridium catalyst for intracellular interactome mapping (POINT). POINT achieved spatiotemporal resolution of three subnuclear proteins (PTBP1, POU2F1, and PSMA2), including an undruggable target in the nucleus, detected interactors of PTBP1 that were not detected by TurboID-based enzymatic labelling, and revealed unknown potential interactors of POU2F1 and PSMA2. POINT can have expanded applicability in detecting various disease-relevant target proteins, thus accelerating novel protein interaction network identification.
Synthesis of Y-Doped LiNi1/3Co1/3-xMn1/3YxO2 spheres with improved Lithium storage
Authors: Li Lin , Zhang Jiahao , Zheng Hao , Wang Shiquan , Liu Hongying , Yang Shui-Jin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The layered nickel-cobalt-manganese LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 was investigated as commercializable and high reversible capacity cathode material by more and more investigators in recent years. In this paper, the LiNi1/3Co1/3−xMn1/3YxO2 (x = 0, 0.02, 0.05, 0.10) samples were successfully obtained by a ball-milling combined with calcination method. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized by different analytical methods. The effect of amount of Y ions doping on the lithium storage performance of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 was also studied systematically. The Y3+ ions replace the part of Co ions, reducing cation mixing, increasing the diffusion coefficient of Li+ ions in the lattice. It causes the unit cell volume to become larger, and the structure of the material becomes more stable in the intercalation and de-intercalation process of Li+ ions. These results show that LiNi1/3Co1/3−0.05Mn1/3Y0.05O2 (Y-0.05 LNCM) sample behaves best electrochemical properties with the specific capacity of 174.8 mAh g–1 at 0.5 C after 100 cycles.
Study on the Risk Assessment of Alternaria alternata saprophytic on Disease Spots of Apple Bitter Pit
Authors: Zhang Wei , Chen ping , Wang Hongtao , Zhang ZIran , Zhang Zhihan , Yao Jie , Zhang Bao hua , Liu Baoyou 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Understand the types, distribution and content of Alternaria toxins in apple lesions and epitaxial tissues caused by rotting of Alternaria alternata; Methods: Fungi were isolated from apple rot disease spots by tissue isolation. A liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was established to investigate the production and distribution of four Alternaria toxins including alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME), tentoxin (TEN) and altenuene (ALT) in lesion and healthy tissues of apples inoculated with A. alternata from 3 regions; Results: The contents of AME and AOH which could be detected in lesion and healthy tissues reduced with increasing lesion diameter. The concentration of AME in lesion and in 10 and 20 mm zones apart from lesion ranged of 0.018–0.418 mg kg− 1, 0.006–0.032 mg kg− 1 and 0.004–0.006 mg kg− 1, respectively. The concentration of AOH in lesion ranged of 0.020–0.568 mg kg− 1; Conclusions: Alternaria toxins produced in infected apple could spread from the lesion to healthy parts, and the ability to produce toxins from different regions was different. Therefore, we should pay attention to this problem in fresh food processing and risk assessment to ensure consumer safety.
Climate change can disproportionately reduce habitats of stream fishes with restricted ranges
Authors: Bizama Gustavo , Jan Arif , Olivos Andrés , Fuentes-Jaque Guillermo , Valdovinos Claudio , Urrutia Roberto , Arismendi Ivan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Freshwater fishes are among the most threatened taxa worldwide due to changes in land use, species introductions, and climate change. Although more than half of the freshwater fishes in the Chilean Mediterranean ecoregion are considered vulnerable or endangered, still little is known about their biogeography. Fishes of the family Perciliidae are endemic of this region and ideal cases to study potential implications of global warming given their endangered conservation status, small size, restricted range, and limited dispersal capacity in fragmented habitats. Here, we model the spatial distribution of habitats for Percilia irwini and P. gillissi under current (1970-2000) and future (2050-2080) climatic scenarios (SSP245, SSP585). We implement maximum entropy (MaxEnt) models adapted for stream networks using high-resolution datasets of selected geophysical and climatic variables. At present, both species inhabit relatively low-quality habitats. In the future (SSP585), suitable habitats for P. irwini are predicted to be reduced drastically (99%) with potential local extirpations in its northern range. Similarly, up to 62% of suitable habitats for P. gillissi would also be reduced in the future. Our study provides insights about assessing future threats and vulnerability of endemic, endangered, range-restricted, and small-bodied freshwater species in this region and elsewhere.
Experimental study on the microscopic swelling-shrinking mechanisms of clay-sand mixtures from wetting to drying
Authors: Tong Kai-wen , Pereira Jean-Michel , Huang Kang , Dai Zhang-jun , Yu Fei , Chen Shan-xiong , Guo Jian-hua 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Micro-computed tomography and low-field nuclear magnetic technologies were employed to investigate the evolution of the water occurrence and particle behaviors of the montmorillonite-kaolinite-quartz sand mixtures along a wetting-drying cycle. During the wetting-drying process, the total saturation was linearly related to the sample height. The cutoff values between the adsorbed water, capillary water and bulk water were roughly determined as 2.5 ms and 50 ms, respectively. In the wetting stage, the swelling under lower water content was dominated by adsorbed water, but it mainly depended on the linear increase in capillary water under higher water content. In the drying stage, the water distribution along the height was divided into apparent dry region, capillary flow region and saturated region. With continuous drying, the first region gradually expanded and the second reduced. Compared with nondeformable porous media, the range of them was smaller. If further dried to 5% water content, there will be only adsorbed water. The capillary water content was found to be linear with the sample height during drying. Consequently, the inconsistency of swelling-shrinkage deformations was mainly attributed to the hysteresis of capillary water. This work will provide basic experimental data and guidance for the subsequent simulations and theoretical model.
FBDD: Feature-Based Drift Detector for batch processing data
Authors: Porwik Piotr , Wrobel Krzysztof , Orczyk Tomasz , Doroz Rafal 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The concept and data drift problems have received much attention in recent years. This aspect is crucial in many domains exhibiting non-stationary and cyclical patterns affecting their generative processes. Drift detection can be treated as a supervised task, with labeled data constantly used to validate the learned model. From a practical point of view, this is an impractical task because labeling is complex, costly, and time-consuming. On the other hand, unsupervised change detection techniques are cumbersome in applications because they generate many false alarms. The paper presents a new concept drift detection method based on feature analysis. Stream of data carries information about the distribution patterns that reflect different concepts that may be hidden in the data. The essential features are searched and ranked by LASSO. The rank of features and statistics are employed to feature drift detection. The proposed approach was experimentally checked based on synthetic and natural datasets. The results show that the proposed FBDD algorithm has an advantage over other solutions.
Control Strategies and Performance Analysis of Doubly Fed Induction Generator for Wind Energy Conversion System
Authors: Vardhan Aanchal Singh S. , Sinha U. K. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Wind power produces environmentally sustainable electricity and helps to meet national energy demand as the amounts of non-renewable resources are declining. The development of the WECS can be seen with development in power electronics technology. Currently, two types of major generator used in WECS these are DFIG and the PMSG. Both variable oprational speed are used in wind turbine. Because, its high performance, reliability, controllability and high power and voltage capabilities, multilevel converters have become a popular option for multi-MW WECSs. This paper focuses on the application of back to back modular multilevel converters in a DFIG and PMSG based WECS. A comparative performance analysis of the two systems based on power quality, active, reactive power, and MMC dynamics is presented. The comparison is based on simulation results created in MATLAB/Simulink software.
Synthesis, crystal structure and fluorimetric study of 2-phenylphthalazin-1(2H)-one: a highly selective florescent chemosensor for detection of Fe 3+ and Fe 2+ metal ions
Authors: Sharif Shahzad , Shahbaz Muhammad , Şahin Onur , Khurshid Muhammad Aqib , Anbar Maryam Musaffa , Dar Birra 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A chemosensor, 2-phenylphthalazin-1(2H)-one (K), was synthesized by refluxing 2-formylbenzoic acid with phenyl hydrazine in presence of ethanol. FTIR, elemental analysis and single crystal XRD techniques were used to elucidate the structure. Fluorimetric turn-off response was recorded when solution of chemosensor (K) in DMF was treated with aqueous solution of Fe3+ and Fe2+ metal ions. No specific changes were observed on addition of other metal ions (Pb2+, Cd2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Ba2+, Ni2+, Al3+, Ag1+, Co2+, Ca2+, Cu2+, Mg2+, Cr3+). Limit of Detection (LOD) was calculated for Fe2 and Fe3+as 2.4 µM and 2.5µM respectively, which is quite below to the recommended value 5.4 µM of the Environment Protection Agency of USA. Association constants for Fe3+ and Fe2+ metal ions were determined as 6 x 10− 4 M− 1 and 3.6 x 10− 4 M− 1 respectively. Benesi-Hildebrand plot confirmed 1:1 binding ratio between metal ions and chemosensor.
Response patterns of root sprouting and the clonal dispersal ability of Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis in relation to stubble height and its nutrient accumulation and allocation strategy
Authors: Li Zhongmu , Ji Shengli , Nie Kaihong , Tian Dengjuan , Liu Shenghong , Lu Sai , Yao Zengyu , Li Genqian 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Research into the relationship between coppice regeneration and stubble height has been mostly limited to stump sprouting, but root sprouts and clonal dispersal play a more important role in the restoration of declined populations and the maintenance of population stability. We aimed to investigate the response of root sprouting (number and growth) and the clonal dispersal (root extension and branching) capacity to stubble height, unveil its nutrient accumulation and allocation strategies and determine the appropriate stubble height that is most favorable for root sprouting, clonal dispersal, and nutrient accumulation. In a 15-year-old plantation of Hippophae rhamnoides ssp. sinensis with signs of premature aging, the plants were coppiced at 0, 10, and 20 cm from the ground level, with no coppicing as the control. The results showed the following: (1) Coppicing promoted the formation and growth of root sprouts, and root extension and branching, but promotion increased and then decreased with increasing stubble height, and the optimal stubble height was 10 cm. (2) N, P, K, Ca, and Mg content and reserves all increased and then decreased with the increase in stubble height, and the clonal nutrient content, reserves, and integrated nutrient accumulation capacity were greatest at 10 cm of stubble height. (3) The coppicing increased the accumulation and allocation ratio of nutrients in leaves, vertical roots, and horizontal roots, which played a dominant role in the integrated accumulation of clonal nutrients. (4) Root sprouting and clonal dispersal ability were positively correlated with clonal nutrient content, reserves, and integrated nutrient accumulation ability. Moreover, root-sprouting ability was positively correlated with clonal dispersal ability. From these, the coppicing regulated leaf development and clonal dispersal by affecting nutrient accumulation and allocation patterns, which in turn governed the formation and growth of root sprouts. This is a continuous driving process. According to the regression equations, a stubble height of 11–13 cm was estimated to be the most favorable for root sprouting, clonal dispersal, and nutrient accumulation.
Performance and meat quality of lambs fed with grape pomace silage
Authors: Maciel Marcus Brocardo , Pires Cléber Cassol , Mello Renius de Oliveira , Fagundes Mariane Bittencourt , Wagner Róger , de Vargas Diego Prado 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This research investigated the use of grape pomace silage in the diet of 24 lambs. More specifically, it evaluated: 0, 150, 300, and 500 g/kg dry matter treatments. The inclusion of grape pomace silage had no effect (P > 0.05) on the chemical composition, and on the values of cholesterol, pH, instrumental color and tenderness of the Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LTL) muscle tissue. The average daily weight-gain decreased (P < 0.01), whereas the gross margin improved as GPS increased in the diet. As GPS levels rose, the percentage of 16:0 fatty acid in the LTL muscle decreased, while 18:2 n-6 increased. As GPS levels rose polyunsaturated fatty acids were more favorable, while the n-6 / n-3 ratio was more unfavorable for human consumption. The use of winery by-products was thus proven to be a viable option for sheep diets, providing satisfactory performance and, improving the nutritional value of meat as well as the gross margin.
Integrative analysis of transcriptome and proteome wide association studies prioritized functional genes for obesity
Authors: Zhao Qi-Gang , Ma Xin-Ling , Xu Qian , Song Zi-Tong , Bu Fan , Li Kuan , Han Bai-Xue , Yan Shan-Shan , Zhang Lei , Luo Yuan , Pei Yu-Fang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background Genome-wide association studies have identified dozens of genomic loci for obesity. However, functional genes and their detailed genetic mechanisms underlying these loci are mainly unknown. In this study, we conducted an integrative study to prioritize plausibly functional genes by combining information from genome-, transcriptome- and proteome-wide association analyses.Methods We first conducted proteome-wide association analyses and transcriptome-wide association analyses for the six obesity-related traits. We then performed colocalization analysis on the identified loci shared between the proteome- and transcriptome-association analyses. The highlighted genes were evaluated for their single-cell and tissue specificity as well as druggability.Results We prioritized five genes (A1BG, FASN, ICAM1, PDCD6IP and YWHAB) by proteome-wide association studies, transcriptome-wide association studies and colocalization analyses, which consistently influenced the variation of obesity traits at both mRNA and protein levels. Single-cell and tissue-specific analyses showed that A1BG, FASN, and ICAM1 were specifically expressed in metabolism- and immunity-related tissues and cells. Furthermore, FASN and ICAM1 had been developed as drug targets.Conclusion Our study provided novel promising protein targets for further mechanistic and therapeutic studies of obesity.