bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data-driven determination of low-frequency dipole noise mechanisms in stalled airfoils
Authors: Carter Douglas W. , Ganapathisubramani Bharathram 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
An aeroacoustic investigation of planar time-resolved particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements in the streamwise surface-normal plane of a NACA 0012 airfoil in static stall is presented at chord-based Reynolds number $$\textrm{Re}_c=7.1\times 10^4$$

Re
c

=
7.1
×

10
4

. Instantaneous planar pressure reconstructions are obtained using a Poisson solver and the dipole noise emanating from the surface is extrapolated via Curle’s acoustic analogy. To correlate structure in the velocity field to the generation of noise, a data-driven framework utilising the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and the spectral Linear Stochastic Estimation (sLSE) is employed. The flow structures responsible for noise are found to concentrate in proximity to the trailing edge. In addition, a conditional analysis for the extreme noise events reveals that downwash and upwash events in proximity to the trailing edge, coupled with slow and fast-moving fluid at the incipient shear layer, are correlated to local maxima and minima in the acoustic fluctuations, respectively.

Graphical abstract
1-year outcomes of patients implanted with the Perceval sutureless valve: the Japanese post-marketing surveillance study
Authors: Niinami Hiroshi , Sawa Yoshiki , Shimokawa Tomoki , Domoto Satoru , Nakamura Yoshitsugu , Sakaguchi Taichi , Ito Toshiaki , Toda Koichi , Amano Atsushi , Gersak Borut 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSutureless offers an alternative to standard valves in surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). We sought to confirm the efficacy and safety of the Perceval sutureless valve in Japanese patients. Prospective observational study of 204 patients who underwent SAVR with Perceval at 19 sites in Japan between March and December 2019. The primary outcomes were 30-day mortality and postoperative complications; the secondary outcome was all-cause mortality at 1 year. Efficacy outcomes were changed in New York Heart Association (NYHA) class, pressure gradients, effective orifice area (EOA), EOA indexed to body surface area (EOAi) and severity of aortic regurgitation. Mean age was 77.7 years, 62.7% were female. Procedural success rate was 99.0%. The median cross-clamp and cardiopulmonary bypass times were 68.0 and 108 min. Perceval size S and M were implanted in 95 (46.6%) and in 76 (37.3%) of patients, respectively. The 30-day and late mortality rate were 0.5% and 4.4%, while the new permanent pacemaker implantation rate was 4.4%. Mean pressure gradient was 13.0 mmHg at discharge, reaching 11.0 mmHg at 1 year; while the mean EOA was 1.5 cm2 at discharge remaining stable up to 1 year. No moderate or severe leakages were present at discharge or at 1 year. NYHA class improved by ≥ 1 level in 55.1% of the patients at discharge and in 69.4% of the patients at 1 year. 1-year outcomes of SAVR with the Perceval sutureless valve in Japanese patients were favorable. This valve offers a promising alternative to conventional biological AVR in this Japanese population.
Retinal pathological features and proteome signatures of Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Koronyo Yosef , Rentsendorj Altan , Mirzaei Nazanin , Regis Giovanna C. , Sheyn Julia , Shi Haoshen , Barron Ernesto , Cook-Wiens Galen , Rodriguez Anthony R. , Medeiros Rodrigo , Paulo Joao A. , Gupta Veer B. , Kramerov Andrei A. , Ljubimov Alexander V. , Van Eyk Jennifer E. , Graham Stuart L. , Gupta Vivek K. , Ringman John M. , Hinton David R. , Miller Carol A. , Black Keith L. , Cattaneo Antonino , Meli Giovanni , Mirzaei Mehdi , Fuchs Dieu-Trang , Koronyo-Hamaoui Maya 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlzheimer’s disease (AD) pathologies were discovered in the accessible neurosensory retina. However, their exact nature and topographical distribution, particularly in the early stages of functional impairment, and how they relate to disease progression in the brain remain largely unknown. To better understand the pathological features of AD in the retina, we conducted an extensive histopathological and biochemical investigation of postmortem retina and brain tissues from 86 human donors. Quantitative examination of superior and inferior temporal retinas from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD patients compared to those with normal cognition (NC) revealed significant increases in amyloid β-protein (Aβ42) forms and novel intraneuronal Aβ oligomers (AβOi), which were closely associated with exacerbated retinal macrogliosis, microgliosis, and tissue atrophy. These pathologies were unevenly distributed across retinal layers and geometrical areas, with the inner layers and peripheral subregions exhibiting most pronounced accumulations in the MCI and AD versus NC retinas. While microgliosis was increased in the retina of these patients, the proportion of microglial cells engaging in Aβ uptake was reduced. Female AD patients exhibited higher levels of retinal microgliosis than males. Notably, retinal Aβ42, S100 calcium-binding protein B+ macrogliosis, and atrophy correlated with severity of brain Aβ pathology, tauopathy, and atrophy, and most retinal pathologies reflected Braak staging. All retinal biomarkers correlated with the cognitive scores, with retinal Aβ42, far-peripheral AβOi and microgliosis displaying the strongest correlations. Proteomic analysis of AD retinas revealed activation of specific inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes and inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation/mitochondrial, and photoreceptor-related pathways. This study identifies and maps retinopathy in MCI and AD patients, demonstrating the quantitative relationship with brain pathology and cognition, and may lead to reliable retinal biomarkers for noninvasive retinal screening and monitoring of AD.
The influence of antibiotic administration on the outcomes of head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma patients undergoing definitive (chemo)radiation
Authors: Rühle Alexander , Zou Jiadai , Glaser Margaretha , Halle Lennard , Gkika Eleni , Schäfer Henning , Knopf Andreas , Becker Christoph , Grosu Anca-Ligia , Popp Ilinca , Nicolay Nils H. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Effects of antibiotic administration on patients’ microbiome may negatively influence cancer outcomes, and adverse prognoses after antibiotic application have been demonstrated for cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors. While the microbiome may play an important role also in head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), the prognostic value of antibiotic treatment here is largely unknown. We therefore analyzed whether antibiotic prescription is associated with impaired oncological outcomes of HNSCC patients undergoing definitive (chemo)radiation.

Methods
A cohort of 220 HNSCC patients undergoing definitive (chemo)radiation between 2010 and 2019 was analyzed. The influence of antibiotic administration on locoregional control, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) was determined using Kaplan–Meier and Cox analyses.

Results
A total of 154 patients were treated with antibiotics within 30 days before (chemo)radiation (pretherapeutic) or during (chemo)radiation (peritherapeutic). While antibiotic prescription was not associated with age, ECOG, tumor localization or radiotherapy characteristics, patients treated with antibiotics had significantly higher tumor stages. Peritherapeutic antibiotic administration diminished PFS (HR = 1.397, p < 0.05, log-rank test) and OS (HR = 1.407, p < 0.05), whereas pretherapeutic administration did not. Antibiotic application was an independent prognosticator for OS (HR = 1.703, p < 0.05) and PFS (HR = 1.550, p < 0.05) in the multivariate Cox analysis within the subgroup of patients aged < 75 years.

Conclusion
Peritherapeutic antibiotic usage was associated with impaired oncological outcomes in HNSCC patients undergoing (chemo)radiation. Further studies including microbiome analyses are required to elucidate underlying mechanisms.
Tracking changes in physical activity during inpatient treatment in a psychiatric clinic in Germany by asking two simple questions
Authors: Roempler Jannik , Petzold Moritz Bruno , Bendau Antonia , Plag Jens , Ströhle Andreas 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIncreasing physical activity is essential to improve psychiatric patients’ physical and mental health. This study aimed to characterise the physical activity levels of inpatients in a general psychiatric clinic and to determine the feasibility of using a simple tool in everyday practice to assess physical activity levels in standard patient documentation. We assessed the level of physical activity undertaken by patients treated on an inpatient basis in a psychiatric hospital over 20 months. A total of 328 patients were included in the analysis. Physical activity was measured using a slightly altered version of the Exercise as a vital sign (EVS) questionnaire. All information was extracted from letters of discharge. During inpatient treatment, moderate to vigorous activity levels increased, and more patients engaged in physical activity. Patients with mood or anxiety disorders displayed the most considerable increase in physical activity. Patients with other diagnoses, such as schizophrenia, benefitted less or not at all. Factors associated with physical activity included—among others—history of substance use, education and month of admission. Investigating the feasibility of standardised documentation of physical activity showed fluctuation in documentation rates throughout the study. The level of physical activity performed by psychiatric patients can be increased during inpatient treatment. Implementing physical activity level as part of standard patient documentation is a first step in gathering data to assess the need for interventions to achieve an optimal physical activity in psychiatric patients throughout inpatient treatment.
Some experiments and remarks regarding the possible formation of blood stains on the Turin Shroud: stains attributed to the crown of thorns, the lance wound and the belt of blood
Authors: König Lisa , Schmölders Ronja , Jühling Marcel , Reckert Alexandra , Heger Anna , Ritz-Timme Stefanie 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe Turin Shroud (TS) is a Christian relic interpreted to be the burial cloth of Jesus of Nazareth. It exhibits red discolorations that have been interpreted as blood stains and that are the subjects of a highly controversial discussion. We conducted experiments to identify theoretically possible explanations for the stains attributed to the crown of thorns, the lance wound and the belt of blood. In the experiments with a focus on the stains attributed to the crown of thorns, a very similar stain pattern as on the TS could be provoked by simulating the following sequence of events: blood from antemortem scalp wounds is covering hair and face; blood is coagulating and/or drying; blood components are mobilised by postmortem washing and oiling. A stain pattern very similar to the belt of blood on the TS was successfully provoked by simulating the following sequence of events: The body is lying in a supine position, blood or bloodied water flowing from a wound at the right lateral chest wall; the body is rotated to the left side; the Shroud is tucked under the back; the body is rotated back to a supine position and laid onto the Shroud. The so-called serum ring surrounding the stain attributed to the lance wound could be reproduced by sequential application of serum and whole blood samples or of pleural effusion and whole blood samples onto cotton cloth. It is obvious that any attempt to interpret the assumed blood stain pattern on the TS has serious limitations. Nevertheless, it seems remarkable that we were able to reproduce findings that appear to be very similar to stains on the TS.
Lymphoepithelial cyst of the pancreas: can common imaging features help to avoid resection?
Authors: Khristenko Ekaterina , Garcia Elena Esteban , Gaida Matthias M. , Hackert Thilo , Mayer Philipp , Kauczor Hans-Ulrich , Klauss Miriam 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
Differentiation of cystic pancreatic neoplasms remains a challenging task for radiologists regarding the main aim of identifying malignant and premalignant lesions.

Purpose
The study aimed to compare the radiological features of lymphoepithelial cysts (LEC) with other cystic pancreatic lesions, which could help to differentiate them in order to avoid unnecessary resection.

Material and methods
We retrospectively reviewed 10 cases of resected and histopathologically confirmed LECs during a 12-year period with available imaging studies; 20 patients with mucinous cystic neoplasms (MCN), 20 patients with branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMN), and 20 patients with serous cystic neoplasms (SCN) were selected to serve as control groups. Imaging findings as well as clinical data were analyzed.

Results
The following imaging morphology of LEC was identified: simple cystic appearance (20%) and mixed cystic-solid appearance (80%) with either a diffuse subsolid component (30%) or mural nodule(s) (50%). All lesions revealed exophytic location with a strong male predominance (9:1). MCNs occurred exclusively in middle-aged women, IPMN in both sexes showed slight male predominance (13:7), and SCN showed female predominance (5:15). Median patient age in LEC (48.5, IQR 47–54.5) was significantly younger compared to IPMN (p < 0.001) and SCN (p = 0.02). Unenhanced CT attenuation of LEC was higher than MCNs (p = 0.025) and IPMNs (p = 0.021), showing no significant difference to SCN (p = 0.343).

Conclusion
The present study provides key radiological features of LEC for the differentiation from other cystic pancreatic lesions such as increased CT attenuation in the unenhanced phase, absence of a connection to the main pancreatic duct (MPD), and exophytic location. In addition to these imaging features, clinical data, such as male predominance in LEC, must be considered for the differentiation of cystic pancreatic lesions.
OAGB with shortened excluded ileal loop as an effective treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus in the cases of Caucasian men and women with obesity of the first degree (BMI 30–35 kg/m2)
Authors: Jaworski Paweł , Binda Artur , Barski Krzysztof , Wawiernia Karolina , Kudlicka Emilia , Wąsowski Michał , Jankowski Piotr , Tarnowski Wiesław 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The aim of the study is to assess the effect of shortening the excluded loop of the small intestine to 150 cm on the effectiveness of one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) in remission of type 2 diabetes with Io obesity.

Material and methods
The study included 25 patients with a body mass index (BMI) 30–35 kg/m2, with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM), and undergoing OAGB with excluded 150 cm of the small intestine.

Results
There were no deaths in the study group, bleeding during the postoperative period requiring reoperation, anastomotic leakage/leakage throught mechanical stitching. The mean a glycated haemoglobin (HbA1C) level 12 months after surgery was 6.16 ± 0.96%, corresponding to a 2.29 ± 3.3% decrease. In more than 85% of the patients taking insulin before surgery, the insulin was discontinued in the postoperative period. Additionally, the level of glycaemia was assessed in patients on the day of surgery (163 ± 58 mg/dl) and on the day of discharge from the hospital (4.7 ± 1.3 days)—it was lower by over 18% (133 ± 39.2 mg). Over the period of 12 months following OAGB, there was a reduction in the mean BMI value from 33.5 ± 2 to 25.5 ± 2.5 kg/m2 and improvement in lipid parameters and mean values of blood pressure.

Conclusion
OAGB with excluded 150 cm of the small intestine has beneficial effect on the remission of T2DM in patients with a BMI of 30–35kg/m2 and is associated with an acceptable level of complications. The achieved weight loss after surgery is satisfactory.
Is the sarcomatous component (homologous vs heterologous) the prognostic “driving force” in early-stage uterine carcinosarcomas? A retrospective multicenter study
Authors: Rosati A. , Vargiu V. , Certelli C. , Arcieri M. , Vizza E. , Legge F. , Cosentino F. , Ferrandina G. , Fanfani F. , Scambia G. , Corrado G. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Uterine carcinosarcomas (UCSs) are aggressive biphasic malignancies, with a carcinomatous/epithelial component and a sarcomatous/mesenchymal counterpart. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the sarcomatous component (homologous vs heterologous) on the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS).

Methods
This is a multicenter observational retrospective study conducted in patients with stage I and II UCSs.

Results
Ninety-five women with histological diagnosis of early-stage UCSs were retrieved: 60 (63.2%) had tumors with homologous sarcomatous components, and 35 (36.8%) with heterologous. At univariate analysis, a stromal invasion ≥ 50%, the presence of clear cell, serous or undifferentiated carcinomatous component, the heterologous sarcomatous component and FIGO stage IB and II were shown to be variables with a statistically significant negative impact on PFS. Similarly, a depth of invasion ≥ 50%, the heterologous sarcomatous component and FIGO stage IB and II were statistically negative prognostic factors also concerning OS. At multivariate analysis, only the heterologous sarcomatous component was confirmed to be a statistically significant negative prognostic factor both on PFS (HR 2.362, 95% CI 1.207–4.623, p value = 0.012) and on OS (HR 1.950, 95% CI 1.032–3.684, p = 0.040).

Conclusion
Carcinomatous and sarcomatous components both played a role in tumor progression and patients’ survival. However, only the sarcomatous component retained a statistical significance at the multivariable model suggesting its preeminent prognostic role in early-stage UCSs.
Vaccines for prion diseases: a realistic goal?
Authors: Napper Scott , Schatzl Hermann M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrion diseases are fatal infectious neurodegenerative disorders and prototypic conformational diseases, caused by the conformational conversion of the normal cellular prion protein (PrPC) into the pathological PrPSc isoform. Examples are scrapie in sheep and goat, bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in cattle, chronic wasting disease (CWD) in cervids, and Creutzfeldt–Jacob disease (CJD) in humans. There are no therapies available, and animal prion diseases like BSE and CWD can negatively affect the economy, ecology, animal health, and possibly human health. BSE is a confirmed threat to human health, and mounting evidence supports the zoonotic potential of CWD. CWD is continuously expanding in North America in numbers and distribution and was recently identified in Scandinavian countries. CWD is the only prion disease occurring both in wild and farmed animals, which, together with extensive shedding of infectivity into the environment, impedes containment strategies. There is currently a strong push to develop vaccines against CWD, including ones that can be used in wildlife. The immune system does not develop a bona fide immune response against prion infection, as PrPC and PrPSc share an identical protein primary structure, and prions seem not to represent a trigger for immune responses. This asks for alternative vaccine strategies, which focus on PrPC-directed self-antibodies or exposure of disease-specific structures and epitopes. Several groups have established a proof-of-concept that such vaccine candidates can induce some levels of protective immunity in cervid and rodent models without inducing unwanted side effects. This review will highlight the most recent developments and discuss progress and challenges remaining.
LRP2 contributes to planar cell polarity-dependent coordination of motile cilia function
Authors: Bunatyan Lena , Margineanu Anca , Boutin Camille , Montcouquiol Mireille , Bachmann Sebastian , Ilsø Christensen Erik , Willnow Thomas E. , Christ Annabel 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMotile cilia are protruding organelles on specialized epithelia that beat in a synchronous fashion to propel extracellular fluids. Coordination and orientation of cilia beating on individual cells and across tissues is a complex process dependent on planar cell polarity (PCP) signaling. Asymmetric sorting of PCP pathway components, essential to establish planar polarity, involves trafficking along the endocytic path, but the underlying regulatory processes remain incompletely understood. Here, we identified the endocytic receptor LRP2 as regulator of PCP component trafficking in ependyma, a multi-ciliated cell type that is involved in facilitating flow of the cerebrospinal fluid in the brain ventricular system. Lack of receptor expression in gene-targeted mice results in a failure to sort PCP core proteins to the anterior or posterior cell side and, consequently, in the inability to coordinate cilia arrangement and to aligned beating (loss of rotational and translational polarity). LRP2 deficiency coincides with a failure to sort NHERF1, a cytoplasmic LRP2 adaptor to the anterior cell side. As NHERF1 is essential to translocate PCP core protein Vangl2 to the plasma membrane, these data suggest a molecular mechanism whereby LRP2 interacts with PCP components through NHERF1 to control their asymmetric sorting along the endocytic path. Taken together, our findings identified the endocytic receptor LRP2 as a novel regulator of endosomal trafficking of PCP proteins, ensuring their asymmetric partition and establishment of translational and rotational planar cell polarity in the ependyma.