bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A non‐isolated step‐up common‐ground cost‐effective microinverter for AC‐module application
Authors: Varnamkhasti Moheb Mahmoudi , Niroomand Mehdi , Adib Ehsan 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis research proposes a cost‐efficient microinverter. The proposed microinverter can eliminate the leakage current using common‐ground configuration. It uses three switches and only one of them operates at high frequency. In addition, a passive lossless snubber is applied to limit voltage stress and provide soft‐switching performance for the high‐frequency switch. A pair of coupled inductors is used to provide higher voltage gain which makes it possible to keep the operating duty cycle in the normal range and makes the proposed inverter suitable for AC module application. The input current of the proposed microinverter is continuous which reduces the loss of the input capacitor by high‐frequency current component reduction. The operating principle of the proposed inverter is described in both positive and negative current modes. In positive current mode, the proposed microinverter works similar to SEPIC converter and in negative current mode its performance is similar to CUK converter. The dynamic behavior of the proposed microinverter is analyzed through simulation and a simple PI controller is designed to accommodate the worst case. Theoretical loss analysis is applied and finally the results of this research are compared with other researches. The performance of the proposed inverter is justified by simulation and practical results of a 300‐watts prototype.
Real‐time monitoring of transformer hot‐spot temperature based on nameplate data
Authors: Rezaeealam Behrooz , Askary Saeid 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a real‐time hot‐spot monitoring method for three‐phase two‐winding oil‐filled transformers under steady‐state conditions, where the corresponding test certificates are not accessible to the customers. For this purpose, the separate determination of iron‐core and copper losses is achieved by real‐time measuring of voltages and currents in both primary and secondary sides and also employing nameplate data of the transformer, including the winding resistances. Subsequent calculations based on IEEE Std C57.110‐2018 provide the top‐oil and hot‐spot temperatures. It is shown that the estimated top‐oil and winding hot‐spot temperatures and also load and no‐load losses match with the measured ones with the maximum difference of 3.5%, 2%, 2.7%, and 9%, respectively.
Intelligent train stopping control for railways: A deep learning approach
Authors: Chen Xing , Yin Jiateng , Ning Chenhe 
Published: June 2023

AbstractStation parking accuracy is an important indicator for the automatic control of high‐speed trains; however, it is subject to many influencing factors, such as the characteristics of high nonlinearity and large time delays in the train control model, time‐variant humidity, and uncertain weather conditions, leading to unsatisfying performance with existing feedback control algorithms. This study first proposes an intelligent train stopping control approach based on deep learning for high‐speed railways. By collecting a large amount of historical train operation data from the Beijing–Shenyang high‐speed railway, three data‐driven models are developed for train stopping control. The first model is based on a deep‐layered feedforward neural network (DNN), which predicts the exact train stopping position with dynamic train running states (position, velocity etc.) as input. Taking advantage of the physical train control models used in practice, the DNN to a convolutional neural network (CNN) is then improved by customizing the convolutional layers of the CNN. To overcome the issues arising from the incompleteness of data samples, a few‐shot convolutional neural network (FSCNN) is further developed to enhance the prediction performance of the CNN. Compared with that of the current method used in practice, the simulation experiments show that the train station parking error can be decreased by 38.6%, 42.8%, and 49.2% by our developed DNN, CNN, and FSCNN, respectively.
Optimal scheduling of the energy storage system in a hybrid micro‐grid considering uncertainties, using the stochastic quasi‐gradient method
Authors: Ghazipour Shirvan Masoud , Hosseini Abardeh Mohamad , Hojjat Mehrdad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEnergy storage and renewable sources play a unique role in the future advances of smart grids. In this article, the optimal scheduling of the energy storage system in a hybrid microgrid is presented considering the uncertainties of the renewable generations and the load. The optimisation problem in this article is non‐linear and non‐convex, therefore conventional optimisation methods such as linear programming (LP) are unable to solve this problem. On the other hand, because of parameters uncertainty, special considerations are required to simulate these parameters. In this regard, a new optimisation algorithm that can solve the non‐linearity and non‐convexity of the objective function is proposed based on the Stochastic Quasi‐Gradient optimisation Method (SQGM). Moreover, the uncertainties of the wind, PV generation, and the load are modelled. Different optimisation algorithms: the conventional Stochastic Dynamic Programming (SDP), the Stochastic Dual Dynamic Programming (SDDP) and the proposed SQGM are compared. A 9‐bus benchmark system with distributed generation units is used to evaluate the optimisation strategies.
Und täglich grüßt das
Murmeltier?
Authors: Timmann Doris , Zohmann Andreas 
Published: June 2023

Liebe Leserin, lieber Leser,es ist wieder soweit – der Sommer steht vor der Tür und mit ihm eine
neue erste Ausgabe unserer Fachzeitschrift. Ein Déjà-vue? Allerdings
ja. Wir sind wieder etwas zu spät. Nach erneuten Startschwierigkeiten am
Jahresanfang, wo es sich erst so anfühlte, als seien wir wie in einer
Zeitschleife, haben wir nun wieder volle Fahrt aufgenommen.
Nach der Pandemie ist vor der Pandemie: Und wie interdisziplinäre Forschung hier helfen kann
Authors: Ly Yen-Tran , Arndt Franca , Boschert Alessa L. , Pavletić Bruno , Webner Florian , Kohl Andreas , Grübbel Henrik , Soltau Julian , Talai Iman , Diallo Mohamed Diaoulé , Westhoff Andreas , Schreiber Andreas , Hecking Tobias , Duschek Frank , Grünewald Karin , Meller Frank , Biedermann Jörn , Rinderknecht Frank , Kraft Werner , Schmeling Daniel , Jordan Jens , Moeller Ralf 
Published: June 2023

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie Luftfahrt gehört zu den am stärksten durch die COVID-19-Pandemie beeinträchtigten gesellschaftlichen Bereiche und hat gleichzeitig zu einer raschen globalen Ausbreitung des SARS-CoV-2-Virus beigetragen. SARS-CoV-2 gehört zu den Coronaviren, die schon in der Vergangenheit zu Ausbrüchen wie MERS-CoV geführt haben. Diese Erregergruppe sowie weitere zum aktuellen Zeitpunkt möglicherweise noch unbekannte Erreger werden auch in Zukunft unsere Gesellschaft herausfordern. Um hier besser reagieren zu können, wurde am DLR unter Kooperation von 6 Instituten ein Graduiertenkolleg ins Leben gerufen, das interdisziplinäre Lösungsansätze zur Erforschung und Bekämpfung von aktuellen und zukünftigen Pandemien entwickeln wird. Dabei arbeiten Ingenieure, Physiker, Softwareentwickler, Biologen und Mediziner in enger Zusammenarbeit an neuen Konzepten und dem Aufbau fachgebietsübergreifenden Wissens, um zukünftige Pandemien besser kontrollieren und eindämmen zu können sowie gezielter reagieren zu können. Ein Schwerpunkt ist hierbei die Reduzierung der Keimbelastung in Flugzeugen aber auch anderen öffentlichen Verkehrsmitteln wie Bussen und Bahnen. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit geben wir einen Überblick über die Ausgangslage und mögliche Ansätze, um künftigen pandemischen Herausforderungen begegnen zu können.
Factors Affecting Ablation Success After I-131 Radioactive Iodine
Therapy in Low and Intermediate Risk Papillary Thyroid Cancer
Authors: Goksel Sibel , Avci Ugur 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe study was to evaluate the effect of radioactive iodine (RAI) treatment
application time and clinical, histopathological factors on ablation success in
patients with operated papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in low and
intermediate-risk. One hundred sixty-one patients with PTC in the low and
intermediate-risk were evaluated. Most patients (89.4%) were in the
low-risk, and 10.6% were in the intermediate-risk. When the patients
were divided into two groups according to the date of receiving RAI treatment
after surgery, those who received early treatment (≤3 months)
constituted the majority of the patients (72.7%). Seventeen patients
received 1.85 Gigabecquerel (GBq), 119 3.7 GBq, 25 5.55 GBq RAI. Most patients
(82%) achieved ablation success after the first RAI treatment. The time
interval between surgery and RAI treatment did not affect ablation success.
Stimulated Tg level measured on the RAI treatment day was an independent
predictive factor for successful ablation (p<0.001). The cut-off value
of Tg found to predict ablation failure was 5.86 ng/ml. It was
concluded that 5.55 GBq RAI treatment could predict ablation success compared to
1.85 GBq dose (p=0.017). It was concluded that having a T1 tumor may
predict treatment success compared to a T2 or T3 tumor (p=0.001,
p<0.001, retrospectively). The time interval does not affect ablation
success in low and intermediate-risk PTC. The ablation success rate may decrease
in patients who receive low-dose RAI and have high Tg levels before treatment.
The most crucial factor in achieving ablation success is giving enough doses of
RAI to ablate the residual tissue.
Analysis of Factors Affecting Outcome of Acute Extradural Hematoma—Our Observation in Dhaka Medical College and Hospital
Authors: Das Sukriti , Amin Md Rezaul , Sarker Asit Chandra , Ghosh Dipankar 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background Extradural hematoma (EDH) is a leading cause of death in young population. Timely intervention gives dramatic recovery but often fatal if not treated in time. The surgical outcome of EDH depends on many variables that strongly affect the prognosis of the disease, which are preoperative Glasgow coma scale (GCS), overlying skull fracture, time interval between injury and surgery, other associated intracranial injuries (like cerebral contusion, subdural hematoma, or intracerebral hematoma), pupillary abnormalities (anisocoria), and hematoma volume. But no correlation was found between surgical outcome of EDH and age, sex, etiology, and site of hematoma.
Objective We want to identify the factors affecting the surgical outcome of EDH that will help us in preoperative prioritization of the cases for intervention, adequate resuscitation, and counselling the attendant regarding the outcome. Our ultimate goal was to reduce the mortality and morbidity from this disease.
Methods This study was conducted on the patients admitted through neuroemergency and diagnosed as EDH by computed tomography scan of head, in the department of Neurosurgery of Dhaka medical college and hospital from January 1, 2017 to December 31, 2019. This is three-year prospective interventional study where all the patients underwent surgical evacuation of EDH on emergency basis and outcome was measured by Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) after 48 hours of admission and at discharge.
Results Outcome was divided into good (GOS 4,5) and poor (GOS 1–3) groups. Pre-operative GCS, overlying skull fracture, time interval between injury and surgery, associated intracranial injuries, anisocoria and hematoma volume were the factors affecting the surgical outcome significantly.
Conclusion Good surgical outcome is associated with EDH volume less than 40cc, preoperative GCS more than 8, absence of anisocoria, overlying skull fracture, no associated intracranial injury and surgery within 12 hours of injury. But age, sex and site of EDH has no definite correlation with outcome.
In whose pockets? How small Danish patient organisations balance legitimacy, representation and dependency in collaboration with public sector medical researchers and the life science industry
Authors: Jacobsen Charlotte Bredahl , Kristensen Dorthe Brogård , Bruun Birgitte 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIt is a commonly accepted idea that complex structural challenges can be solved if private actors, NGOs, and the public authorities collaborate (Brogaard in Politica 47(4):541–560, 2015), a view that has come to frame several publicly funded network activities in Denmark. This article takes its point of departure in one such project aimed at setting up a collaborative network between researchers, patient associations, and life science partners to stimulate growth in research and development. We analyse this project as a social arena with a focus on what is at stake for patient organisations in such a collaboration. Using social worlds and arena theory, we map the negotiation of discourses, images, and positions, thereby answering the questions: What kind of relationships emerge as patient organisations network with researchers and the life science industry in the name of patient centricity and how do patient organisations balance legitimacy, representation, and independence in such collaboration? We argue that patient organisations’ positions are expanding and taking new forms as they perform a balancing act, from which a ‘multiplayer position’ seems to have emerged. Lastly we propose that patient organisations’ complex interdependencies should be acknowledged, and introduce an understanding of ‘cumulative drives’ to capture the nature of these complexities.
Nanostructures arrayed broad spectrum-based rigid and flexible photodetectors with selective detection
Authors: Xie Wenhao , Liu Linsheng 
Published: June 2023

High-performance one-dimensional (1D) CdSxSe1−x nanostructures arrayed photodetectors exhibit broad spectrum (450–750 nm) selective detection from the near-ultraviolet to the near-infrared regime, which has a great deal of interest in broad spectral flexible optoelectronic devices. Here, we report the microstamp transfer technology to construct high-performance rigid (SiO2/Si) and flexible (polyethylene terephthalate) photodetectors with broad spectrum selective detection, which was based on arrayed 1D CdSxSe1−x nanostructures obtained via chemical vapor deposition in a dual-temperature zone tube furnace. Photoresponse measurements have demonstrated their superior spectral photoresponsivity (∼105 AW−1), extremely high on/off switching ratio (105), rapid response/recovery time between 10% and 90% of the maximum photocurrent (0.089/0.044, 0.044/0.044, 0.133/0.131, and 0.178/0.180 s), and excellent long-term environmental photostability. Furthermore, the as-prepared flexible arrayed photodetector displayed excellent folding endurance properties (after 2000 times, the photocurrent decreases less than 50%) and stable electrical properties (bending angle from 0° to 150°). The improvement nanoarray technology in this research can be exploited to lead to the design of high-performance flexible photodevices comprising other 1D or 2D alloy nanomaterials.
Generation of super high frequencies by graphene on piezoelectric buffer layer upon applied nanosecond electrical pulse
Authors: Kiprijanovič Oleg , Park Eunpyo , Kwak Joon Young , Ardaravičius Linas 
Published: June 2023

An unforeseen phenomenon occurred when measuring the current–voltage (I–U) characteristics of graphene samples in the pulsed regime. The graphene monolayer of the samples was grown by chemical vapor deposition and transferred onto 50 nm buffer HfO2 and AlO3 layers. Bilayer graphene was obtained from epitaxial graphene grown on SiC and was transferred onto 100 nm SiO2. The distance between contacts varied from 5 to 25 µm. The measurements were performed employing cables of 50 Ω impedance to transmit the pulses and a 0–12 GHz bandwidth sampling scope was used to register them. The transmitted registered pulses through graphene/HfO2 and graphene/SiO2 samples were superposed with super high frequency (SHF) oscillations. The wave packet oscillations of about 2 ns in duration appeared on the pulses passed through graphene/HfO2. On the passed-through graphene/SiO2 pulses, the appearing wave packet turns into continuous generation along the pulse length. Spectral decomposition reveals that the base frequency of the oscillations is about 10 GHz; however, bisected frequencies are also present in the spectra. Preliminary analysis of the SHF oscillations occurrence shows that the wave packets appear as an inverse piezoelectric response to a rapidly rising voltage of the pulses. It is proposed that due to acoustic–electronic interaction, the oscillating wave packet in graphene/SiO2 turns into the continued generation, which consumes three-quarters of the pulse energy. These results show that the coupling between graphene and the piezoelectric buffer layer combined with acoustic–electronic interaction brings forth novel effects that are in demand for practical applications.
Tunable electronic and optical properties of GeC/PtO2 vdW hetero-bilayer using first-principles study
Authors: As-Samee Mohammad Tahmid , Hasan Khan Md. Sakib , Kubra Khadijatul , Islam Md. Rafiqul , Hasan Md. Tanvir 
Published: June 2023

The detailed optical and electronic characteristics of 2D GeC and 2D PtO2 under biaxial strains and electric fields across the plane are studied systematically using the density functional theory (DFT) based first-principles framework. The six different stacking patterns of the stacked van der Waals (vdW) GeC/PtO2 hetero-bilayers were DFT screened, and HBL 4 and HBL 5 are found both dynamically stable and energetically favorable, evident from the non-zero phonon frequency and negative binding energy from phonon dispersion and binding energy calculations, respectively. The bandgap of 2D GeC and 2D PtO2 is found to be ∼2.08 eV (direct) and ∼1.63 eV (indirect), while the bandgaps in vdW HBL 4 (HBL 5) are found to be 0.51 eV (0.49 eV). Biaxial strain lowered the bandgap by ∼11.13 (∼1.81) times at 6% compressive (tensile) biaxial strain in HBL 4 (HBL 5). Semiconductor-to-metal switching is found in both HBLs at ±0.6 V/Å of the cross-plane electric field. All the HBLs show type-II band-alignment, evident from the difference in charge density and projected density of state contour, indicating spatial carrier separation capability. The peak of the optical absorption coefficient is found to be ∼3.1 × 105 cm−1 at 310 nm for both HBL 4 and HBL 5, which is comparable to high-absorbing perovskite material. Moreover, the optical absorption is sensitive to the biaxial strains and electric fields, and increased visible band optical absorption is found for tensile strains in both HBLs. These exceptional findings and engineered bandgap in GeC/PtO2 vdW HBL indicate the promising application of this material in 2D advanced nanoelectronics.
Research on vibration response characteristics and separation deformation law of fruit-branch system
Authors: Sun Xingdong , Wu Wandi , Cao Chengmao , Xu Liangyuan , Jiang Rui , Fang Liangfei , Sheng Zonglei , Lu Xiangyang 
Published: June 2023

Forest fruit harvesting is carried out through two ways: manual harvesting and machine harvesting. Mechanical vibration will become the future development trend because of the high harvesting efficiency and short picking cycle of this method. However, appropriate vibration frequency, vibration amplitude, and action time are required to improve the fruit harvesting rate. At the same time, it is ensured that the vibration type forest fruit harvesting machine is in the harvesting process to minimize the damage to the fruit trees. The vibration frequency and amplitude of the existing vibration harvesting machine are relatively single, and the result of energy transfer loss is extensive fruit tree damage. Therefore, this study proposes a branch-stalk-fruit of apple as a base system. The article investigates the vibration mechanism and separation deformation law of apple tree branches through dynamic tests and simulations. Through experiments, it was found that when the vibration frequency is 3 Hz and the vibration amplitude is 20 mm, the maximum separation force experienced by the apple is 18.71N, greater than the binding force between the stem and the branch, and can achieve fruit shedding. This study provides some theoretical insights into the efficient mechanical vibration harvesting of apples.
Optimal etching process and cladding dimension for improved coating of porous hemispherical ZnO nanostructure on FBG humidity sensor
Authors: Riza Muhammad Arif , Go Yun Ii , Harun Sulaiman Wadi , Ahmad Anas Siti Barirah 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) based sensors require functional chemical coating for relative humidity (RH) sensing. However, the cladding of the fiber may impede the mechanical strain that is induced in the sensing region of the FBG. This study focuses on the humidity sensing performance of FBGs etched with several different diameters. Silica-based uniform FBG was chemically etched before being coated with a ZnO nanostructure reinforced with hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) additives. ZnO-HMT was produced using a low-temperature modified hydrothermal method and then coated on FBG etched with various diameters. Morphology observations with elemental analysis confirmed the formation and presence of ZnO-HMT coatings on the sensors. Results interpreted from an optical spectrum analyzer have shown wavelength shifts of 0.0004 nm/%RH with linearity of ∼98% for samples etched for 10 min. Both sensitivity and linearity deteriorated as the FBG was etched to thinner diameters. Sensor sensitivity improves by at least 20%–30% when compared to the uncoated version of FBG. It can be concluded that with zinc-based coatings, FBG sensing performance can be improved only to a certain extent through etching durations. Thinner cladding may not be suitable for use in combination with zinc-based nanostructures. The optimized FBG etching when used in conjunction with zinc oxide improves upon its non-etched counterparts and increases its potency in industrial applications.
Aspects of Axions and ALPs Phenomenology
Authors: Giannotti Maurizio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The physics of axions and axion-like particles (ALPs) is enjoying an incredibly productive period, with many new experimental proposals, theoretical idea, and original astrophysical and cosmological arguments which help the search effort. The large number of experimental proposals is likely to lead to fundamental advances (perhaps, a discovery?) in the coming years. The aim of this article is to provide a very brief overview of some of the recent developments in axions and ALP phenomenology, and to discuss some relevant aspects in this important field. A particular attention is given to the definition of motivated regions in the axion parameters space, which should be the targets of experimental searches.
An R&D program for the research of 2β0ν decay with a SPC
Authors: Lautridou Pascal 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The objective of the R2D2 R&D is to test the concept of a spherical proportional counter (SPC) for the search of the neutrinoless double beta decay (2β0ν). For this, we built a small prototype (40 cm in diameter), which was filled with an argon-based gas mixture at pressures up to 1.1 bar, and irradiated with a 210Po alpha source. We report on results obtained in terms of directional, volume, and energy responses. We performed time measurements by combining the charge readout from the SPC with the light detection provided by a SiPM. We also studied the possibilities of localizing tracks in the detector and of discriminating multiple tracks.