bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Urbanization, migration, and indigenous health in Peru
Authors: Veile A. , Chávez Cabello R. , Otárola‐Castillo E. , Rojas Bravo V. , Turner G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionWe compare demographic, socioeconomic, and anthropometric characteristics and blood pressure (BP), between rural and urban Peruvian indigenous women. These are preliminary results from a project on urbanization, migration, and health.MethodsData were collected cross‐sectionally (2019) and compared between a rural (n = 92) and an urban (n = 93) community.ResultsHeight: μ = 148.3 ± 5.0 cm (range = 137–162), weight: μ = 62.0 ± 11.5 (range = 37.5–108.7), median waist circumference = 89.0 (IQR = 15.8, range = 64.0–126.0), BMI = 28.3 (IQR = 6.2, range = 16.7–40.0), with no significant rural–urban differences. Systolic but not diastolic BP was significantly higher in urban versus rural women (median = 110, IQR = 18, range = 80–170 vs. median = 120, IQR = 10, range = 90–170, p = .002 and median = 70, IQR = 17, range = 50–100 vs. median = 70, IQR = 10, range = 60–100, p = .354), respectively.ConclusionsDespite major lifestyle differences, there were no anthropometric differences between rural and urban women. Higher systolic BP in urban women may reflect social/economic stressors rather than dietary factors.
A Chemically Bonded Ultraconformal Layer between the Elastic Solid Electrolyte and Lithium Anode for High‐performance Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Yang Na , Cui Yujie , Su Hang , Peng Jiaying , Shi Yongzheng , Niu Jin , Wang Feng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlthough high ionic conductivities have been achieved in most solid‐state electrolytes used in lithium metal batteries (LMBs), rapid and stable lithium‐ion transport between solid‐state electrolytes and lithium anodes remains a great challenge due to the high interfacial impedances and infinite volume changes of metallic lithium. In this work, a chemical vapor‐phase fluorination approach is developed to establish a lithiophilic surface on rubber‐derived electrolytes, which results in the formation of a resilient, ultrathin, and mechanically integral LiF‐rich layer after electrochemical cycling. The resulting ultraconformal layer chemically connects the electrolyte and lithium anode and maintains dynamic contact during operation, thus facilitating rapid and stable lithium‐ion transport across interfaces, as well as promoting uniform lithium deposition and inhibiting side reactions between electrolyte components and metallic lithium. LMBs containing the novel electrolyte have an ultralong cycling life of 2500 h and deliver a high critical current density of 1.1 mA cm−2 in lithium symmetric cells as well as showing good stability over 300 cycles in a full cell.
Analyzing the greenhouse gas emissions in the palm oil supply chain in the VUCA world: A blockchain initiative
Authors: El Hathat Zakaria , Venkatesh V. G. , Zouadi Tarik , Sreedharan V. Raja , Manimuthu Arunmozhi , Shi Yangyan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs the world is becoming more VUCA for business operations, organizations are leveraging the competitive advantage through their supply chain practices. The food supply chain is no exception. Being competitive has become imperative in terms of sustainability and accountability of the business process. Therefore, organizations are adopting blockchain to track and trace the information flow to ensure a better business process. Further, to ensure sustainability, analyzing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions aids firms in achieving a reasonable improvement in the food supply chain. So, the present study collects carbon emissions data for palm oil production. The study evaluates palm oil production in the Sumatra region, Indonesia (Cradle to Port), through predictive modeling. Here, the palm production process is classified as cultivation, harvesting, and shipping. Then, the study evaluates the GHG emissions from the three phases to understand the carbon footprint in palm oil production. Finally, the study uses blockchain to track and trace the GHG emissions in the palm oil supply chain using Hyperledger Fabric self‐executed smart contracts. The study has developed unique contributions in terms of developing predictive modeling, blockchain architecture, and deep learning in palm production to leverage the competitive advantage of the supply chain in the VUCA world for business excellence in the global market.
Preoperative alpha fetoprotein, total bilirubin, fibrinogen, albumin, and lymphocytes predict postoperative survival in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Xu Jia , An Shu , Lu Ying , Li Laisheng , Wu Zhi‐Qi , Xu Hua‐Guo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsOur study focused on exploring the feasible prognostic laboratory parameters of HCC and establishing a score model to estimate individualized overall survival (OS) in HCC after resection.MethodsFour hundred and sixty‐one patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy between January 2010 and December 2017 was enrolled in this investigation. Cox proportional hazards model was conducted to analyze the prognostic value of laboratory parameters. The score model construction was based on the forest plot results. Overall survival was evaluated by Kaplan‐Meier method and the log‐rank test. The novel score model was validated in an external validation cohort from a different medical institution.ResultsWe identified that alpha fetoprotein (AFP), total bilirubin (TB), fibrinogen (FIB), albumin (ALB), and lymphocyte (LY) were independent prognostic factors. High AFP, TB, FIB (HR > 1, p < 0.05), and low ALB, LY (HR < 1, p < 0.05) were associated with the survival of HCC. The novel score model of OS based on these five independent prognostic factors achieved high C‐index of 0.773 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.738–0.808), which was significantly higher than those of the single five independent factors (0.572–0.738). The score model was validated in the external cohort whose C‐index was 0.7268 (95% CI: 0.6744–0.7792).ConclusionThe novel score model we established was an easy‐to‐use tool which could enable individualized estimation of OS in patients with HCC who underwent curative hepatectomy.
Designing Alginate/Chitosan Nanoparticles ContainingEchinacea angustifolia: A Novel Candidate for Combating Multidrug‐ResistantStaphylococcus aureus
Authors: Taghiloo Sepideh , Ghajari Ghazal , Zand Zahra , Kabiri‐Samani Saber , Kabiri Hamidreza , Rajaei Negin , Piri‐Gharaghie Tohid 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNanoparticles (NPs) may help treat multidrug‐resistantStaphylococcus aureus(MDR). This study prepared and evaluated chitosan/alginate‐encapsulatedEchinacea angustifoliaextract against MDR strains. Evaluating synthesized NPs with SEM, DLS, and FT‐IR. Congo red agar and colorimetric plate techniques examined isolate biofilm formation. NP antibacterial power was assessed using well diffusion. Real‐time PCR assessed biofilm‐forming genes. MTT assessed the synthesized NPs′ toxicity. According to DLS measurements, sphericalE. angustifoliaNPs had a diameter of 335.3±1.43 nm. The PDI was 0.681, and the entrapment effectiveness (EE%) of theE. angustifoliaextract reached 83.45 %. Synthesized NPs were most antimicrobial.S. aureusresistant to several treatments was 80 percent of 100 clinical samples. Biofilm production was linked to MDR in all strains. The ALG/CS‐encapsulated extract had a 4 to 32‐fold lower MIC than the free extract, which had no bactericidal action. They also significantly decreased the expression of genes involved in biofilm formation.E. angustifolia‐encapsulated ALG/CS decreasedIcaD,IcaA, andIcaCgene expression in all MDR strains (***p<0.001). Free extract, free NPs, andE. angustifolia‐NPs had 57.5 %, 85.5 %, and 90.0 % cell viability at 256 μg/ml. These discoveries could assist generate stable plant extracts by releasing natural‐derived substances under controlled conditions.
Is there a woman paradox? Commentary on the Gender differences in percutaneous coronary intervention for chronic total occlusions from the ERCTO study
Authors: Cader Aaysha , Alasnag Mirvat 
Published: May 2023

Key Points
Women are underrepresented in CTO revascularisation registries and trials.
Women undergoing CTO PCI have lower J‐CTO scores, higher procedural success with no difference in MACC, but more complications such as perforations, vascular complications and major bleeding.
There is a need for more large‐scale sex‐based analyses enrolling more women, with complex CTO lesion subsets and the adoption of contemporary best practices for CTO PCI.
When to sweat: A history of chemotherapy in malignant sweat gland tumors. A unique case report and literature review
Authors: Matthiesen J. , Chiu R. , Do T. T. , Bamdad S. , Lee J. , Peng S. K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSarcomatoid sweat gland carcinomas are rare among cutaneous cancers, with less than 20 cases described. A 54‐year‐old woman with sarcomatoid sweat gland carcinoma of the right upper extremity suffered extensive recurrence at 15 months, unresponsive to chemotherapy. There is no standard treatment or chemotherapy regimens for metastatic sweat gland carcinoma.
A rare case of left‐sided obturator hernia diagnosed by computed tomography
Authors: Aryal Manisha , Keshari Suraj , Pandey Archana , Pandey Abhishek , Paudel Ishwor 
Published: May 2023

Key Clinical MessageObturator hernia is a rare condition that is difficult to detect clinically. We highlight the importance of a CT scan in establishing an early diagnosis of an obturator hernia, effective surgical intervention planning, thereby enhancing the result.
Steric Control over the Threading of Pyrophosphonates with One or Two Cyanostar Macrocycles during Pseudorotaxane Formation
Authors: Vogel Julian , Chen Yusheng , Fadler Rachel E. , Flood Amar H. , von Delius Max 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe supramolecular recognition of anions is increasingly harnessed to achieve the self‐assembly of supramolecular architectures, ranging from cages and polymers to (pseudo)rotaxanes. The cyanostar (CS) macrocycle has previously been shown to form 2 : 1 complexes with organophosphate anions that can be turned into [3]rotaxanes by stoppering. Here we achieved steric control over the assembly of pseudorotaxanes comprising the cyanostar macrocycle and a thread that is based, for the first time, on organo‐pyrophosphonates. Subtle differences in steric bulk on the threads allowed formation of either [3]pseudorotaxanes or [2]pseudorotaxanes. We demonstrate that the threading kinetics are governed by the steric demand of the organo‐pyrophosphonates and in one case, slows down to the timescale of minutes. Calculations show that the dianions are sterically offset inside the macrocycles. Our findings broaden the scope of cyanostar‐anion assemblies and may have relevance for the design of molecular machines whose directionality is a result of relatively slow slipping.
Experimental and numerical investigation of the reaction of 2,4‐thiazolidinedione and p‐methoxybenzaldehyde in microreactors for the production of drugs for diabetes mellitus type 2 treatment
Authors: Vieira Rodrigo de Oliveira , Silva João Lameu , Meira Paula Almeida , Bressan Gabriel Lima , Calvo Paulo Victor Cuesta , Santana Harrson Silva , Palma Mauri S. A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe use of microreactors (MRs) in chemical and pharmaceutical industries allows for a series of advantages due to their reduced sizes regarding conventional batch reactors. In the present paper, the transposition of the reaction between 2,4‐thiazolidinedione (TZD) with p‐methoxybenzaldehyde from batch to a continuous capillary MR was carried out. The microdevice performance was evaluated experimentally and numerically by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The batch process yielded 92% in 480 min using piperidine for equimolar reactant feed, while the pyrrolidine promoted a 100% yield in a 50 min, both using solvent ethanol. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the synthesis using piperidine and pyrrolidine were also obtained from experimental data. In the transposition to flow chemistry, ethanol was also used as solvent and a product yield of 100% (140°C, pyrrolidine) was obtained for a residence time of 20 min, representing a reduction of 24 times in the reaction time. In the numerical simulations by CFD, two mathematical models were elaborated: a transient batch and a steady‐state continuous flow. Both models exhibited good agreement with experimental data. The average relative deviations of TZD conversion and the reaction yields in MRs were, respectively, 0.23% and −7.1% (78°C) and 1.7% and 1.2% (140°C).
A systematic study of tert‐butylacrylamide‐methyl acrylate‐acrylic acid radical solution terpolymerization
Authors: Agboluaje Maryam , Kaur Gagandeep , Dušička Eva , Urbanová Anna , Pishnamazi Mohammad , Horváth Branislav , Janata Miroslav , Raus Vladimír , Lacík Igor , Hutchinson Robin A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMulti‐functional polymers used for personal care products can be synthesized by radical polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) in alcohol/water solutions with non‐functional monomers such as methyl acrylate (MA) and N‐tert‐butylacrylamide (t‐BuAAm). However, solvents capable of forming or disrupting hydrogen bonds cause the polymerization kinetics of these monomers to deviate from their polymerization behaviour in bulk and non‐polar solvents. In this work, a previous mechanistic model developed for MA/t‐BuAAm copolymerization is extended to represent the terpolymerization system MA/t‐BuAAm/AA. The additional kinetic coefficients required for the system are estimated from fitting to AA homopolymerizations and AA/MA and AA/t‐BuAAm copolymerizations conducted in an ethanol/water solution. In‐situ nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is used to follow monomer conversions and composition drift behaviour, with the molar mass distributions of the polymer products characterized by size‐exclusion chromatography. Although AA is more reactive than MA in non‐polar solvents, the reactivities of the two monomers equalize under the experimental conditions examined. Thus, the batch and semi‐batch terpolymerization data collected are represented equally well by a reduced acrylate/t‐BuAAm copolymerization model and the full terpolymerization implementation.
Force‐Induced Enhancement of Hydrophilicity of Individual Polymethyl Methacrylate Chain†
Authors: Kang Wenping , Bao Yu , Wang Hailong , Cao Nanpu , Cui Shuxun 
Published: May 2023

Comprehensive SummaryPolymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) has been widely applied in diverse fields such as medicine and engineering materials due to its good hydrophilicity and biocompatibility. However, another term for PMMA, Plexiglas, means that it is water insoluble. These features of PMMA are valuable but seem paradoxical. To explore the underlying mechanism of the paradoxical properties, the interactions between PMMA and water have been investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM)‐based single‐molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS). The single‐chain elasticity of PMMA obtained in aqueous solutions is significantly different from that obtained in non‐aqueous environments, implying that PMMA can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. A proper elongation will promote the hydration of PMMA. These findings reveal the underlying mechanism of interactions between PMMA and water molecules from a single‐molecule perspective, which is helpful for the rational regulation of the mechanical properties of PMMA materials in a bottom‐up way.
Nitrogen‐doped Titanium Dioxide for Enhanced Photocatalytic Oxidation of Vanillyl Alcohol into Vanillin
Authors: Zhu Qian , Zhan Peng , Zhang Chenxi , Chen Ruhui , Ren Cong , Zhao Hongqing , Ren Wenqiang , Zhang Jiawen , Qin Peiyong , Cai Di 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPhotocatalysis transformation of renewable biomass‐derived building blocks into value‐added chemicals is an attractive strategy in response to the environmental issues caused by the use of unsustainable petrol‐chemical routes. On this basis, photocatalytic selective oxidation of reduced monolignols into aldehydes has emerged as a hotspot to be investigated. Herein, using ammonia solution as nitrogen source, N−TiO2 photocatalysts were prepared through a simple pyrolysis process. Under visible‐light irradiation, the N−TiO2 photocatalysts were applied for selective oxidation of vanillyl alcohol into vanillin in acetonitrile. Results suggested that after doping nitrogen into the basic TiO2, the N−TiO2 photocatalysts exhibited a narrow band‐gap that could broaden the light absorption range, inhibit the recombination of photogenerated carriers, and enhance the affinity to the substrate molecules. Consequently, the photocatalytic performances of the vanillyl alcohol can be extensively improved by the N−TiO2 (N‐400) photocatalyst. A selectivity of 60.37 % of vanillin and a conversion of 60.84 % of vanillyl alcohol can be realized under the optimized conditions. The mechanism for the improved photocatalysis performances of vanillyl alcohol by N−TiO2 was further proposed by combining the experimental and simulated results, which inferred that h+ was the decisive active species for the effective oxidation of vanillyl alcohol. The N−doped TiO2 photocatalysts are also adequate to selective oxidation of other renewable bio‐alcohols into aldehydes.
A prospective study of spray cryotherapy in patients with COPD
Authors: Liang Long , Zhang Jushan , Duan Hongxia , Li Xuan , Wang Changhui , Xie Shuanshuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to estimate the safety and efficacy of spray cryotherapy (SCT) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).MethodsWe recruited patients aged 40–80 years with a confirmed diagnosis of COPD without serious complications (defined as two consecutive years of chronic cough and cough for at least 3 months with lung function forced expiratory volume in 1 s [FEV1]/forced vital capacity [FVC] < 70% after inhaled bronchodilators and Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease [GOLD] grade II–IV). The safety of this study was assessed by incidence of adverse events, and the efficacy was evaluated by St. George's Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ), COPD assessment test (CAT), Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) and changes in exercise capacity, histomorphology and lung function.ResultsEight patients eventually received three complete sessions of SCT, each lasting 41.10 ± 19.72 min. No adverse complications were recorded within 3 months after SCT. Clinically meaningful improvements in SGRQ, CAT, LCQ and exercise capacity were observed at 3 months after SCT: −15.75 ± 6.76 (95% confidence interval [CI] 10.10−21.40; p < .001), −6.88 ± 3.91 (95% CI 3.61−10.14; p = .002), −18.13 ± 13.81 (95% CI 6.58−29.67; p = .008) and 72.75 ± 33.11 (95% CI −100.43 to −45.07; p < .001), respectively. The density of airway epithelial goblet cells per unit area was significantly reduced (p < .05), and lung function parameters such as ∆FVC, ∆FEV1 and ∆ peak expiratory flow (∆PEF) were improved (p = .007, .021 and .012).ConclusionsSCT is a safe and effective strategy to provide a better quality of life for COPD patients.
Diving boldly into COVID‐19 contaminated wastewater: Eyes at nanotechnology‐assisted solutions
Authors: Al‐Hazmi Hussein E. , Kot‐Wasik Agata , Shokrani Amirhossein , Majtacz Joanna , Vatanpour Vahid , Munir Muhammad Tajammal , Habibzadeh Sajjad , Hejna Aleksander , Hasanpour Mahnaz , Mohammadi Abbas , Ahmadi Sepideh , Lima Eder C. , Rabiee Navid , Saeb Mohammad Reza 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSeveral studies have been directed to find scalable, swift, accurate, and cost‐effective strategies for detecting, monitoring, and treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). Indeed, the lack of a fast and practical method for detecting the infected regions makes decision‐making challenging to combat the critical pandemic‐struck situations. The probable ‘wrong’, or rather inadequate, decisions not only have a boomerang effect on the economy but also can lead to an increase in the number of infected individuals, degree of hospitalization, and death counts. Although the current clinical methods are effective, they are costly, time‐consuming, and, more particularly, inadequate because of the virus's mutation patterns. In addition, contamination of biomedical wastes with the COVID‐19 virus is a matter of grave concern. Therefore, there is a perpetual need for novel methodologies to delineate the contaminated regions and determine whether those viruses contaminate the wastewater. Although several review papers have been recently published to discuss those concerns, there is a lack of a comprehensive survey of the detection and treatment of the COVID‐19 virus in aqueous media. Herein, we review techniques available as spreading signifiers for detecting the COVID‐19 virus in water resources and wastewater. We classify and integrate techniques into wastewater, sewage, and sludge detection and monitoring. Treatment of COVID‐19‐contaminated wastewater is discussed by classifying and ranking the methodologies nurtured from nanotechnology, including nanoparticle‐based biosensors used in the detection and nanotechnology‐based filtration systems for the removal of COVID‐19 from wastewater. We also highlight the compilation of the detection methodologies in contaminated aqueous media and provide insight into the challenges associated with treating COVID‐19‐contaminated wastewater. The article concludes that international and robust guidelines for virus/bacteria treatment in wastewater are urgently needed to protect the environment and public health, where nanotechnology plays a key role.
Hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α regulates the interleukin‐6 production by B cells in rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Fan Chaofan , Li Jia , Li Yixuan , Jin Yuyang , Feng Jiaqi , Guo Ruru , Meng Xinyu , Gong Dongcheng , Chen Qian , Du Fang , Zhang Chunyan , Lu Liangjing , Deng Jun , Chen Xiao‐Xiang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesRheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a disease characterised by bone destruction and systemic inflammation, and interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) is a therapeutic target for treating it. The study aimed at investigating the sources of IL‐6 and the influence of hypoxia‐inducible factor‐1α (HIF‐1α) on IL‐6 production by B cells in RA patients.MethodsThe phenotype of IL‐6‐producing cells in the peripheral blood of RA patients was analysed using flow cytometry. Bioinformatics, real‐time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and immunofluorescence staining were used to determine the IL‐6 production and HIF‐1α levels in B cells. A dual‐luciferase reporter assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation were used to investigate the regulatory role of HIF‐1α on IL‐6 production in human and mouse B cells.ResultsOur findings revealed that B cells are major sources of IL‐6 in the peripheral blood of RA patients, with the proportion of IL‐6‐producing B cells significantly correlated with RA disease activity. The CD27−IgD+ naïve B cell subset was identified as the typical IL‐6‐producing subset in RA patients. Both HIF‐1α and IL‐6 were co‐expressed by B cells in the peripheral blood and synovium of RA patients, and HIF‐1α was found to directly bind to the IL6 promoter and enhance its transcription.ConclusionThis study highlights the role of B cells in producing IL‐6 and the regulation of this production by HIF‐1α in patients with RA. Targeting HIF‐1α might provide a new therapeutic strategy for treating RA.
Endoscopic treatment of a patient with duodenal major papilla adenoma and ansa pancreatica
Authors: Wu Yan‐yan , Feng Yun‐lu , Yang Ai‐ming 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA 35‐year‐old female who suffered from recurrent pancreatitis was admitted to our hospital. Her magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography revealed ansa pancreatica. And during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, a major duodenal papilla adenoma was identified. Hybrid endoscopic mucosal resection of this lesion was performed with pancreatic stent placement through the minor papilla to prevent recurrent pancreatitis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a major papilla adenoma associated with ansa pancreatica. These minimally invasive endoscopic treatments solved a difficult clinical problem and avoided traumatic surgery.