bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioinformatic and systems biology approach revealing the shared genes and molecular mechanisms between COVID-19 and non-alcoholic hepatitis
Authors: Lu Huishuang , Ma Jiaxiu , Li Yalan , Zhang Jin , An Yaxin , Du Wei , Cai Xuefei 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic and poses a serious threat to human health. Many studies have shown that pre-existing nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) can worsen the clinical symptoms in patients suffering from COVID-19. However, the potential molecular mechanisms between NASH and COVID-19 remain unclear. To this end, key molecules and pathways between COVID-19 and NASH were herein explored by bioinformatic analysis.Methods: The common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between NASH and COVID-19 were obtained by differential gene analysis. Enrichment analysis and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were carried out using the obtained common DEGs. The key modules and hub genes in PPI network were obtained by using the plug-in of Cytoscape software. Subsequently, the hub genes were verified using datasets of NASH (GSE180882) and COVID-19 (GSE150316), and further evaluated by principal component analysis (PCA) and receiver operating characteristic (ROC). Finally, the verified hub genes were analyzed by single-sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) and NetworkAnalyst was used for the analysis of transcription factor (TF)-gene interactions, TF-microRNAs (miRNA) coregulatory network, and Protein-chemical Interactions.Results: A total of 120 DEGs between NASH and COVID-19 datasets were obtained, and the PPI network was constructed. Two key modules were obtained via the PPI network, and enrichment analysis of the key modules revealed the common association between NASH and COVID-19. In total, 16 hub genes were obtained by five algorithms, and six of them, namely, Kruppel-like factor 6 (KLF6), early growth response 1 (EGR1), growth arrest and DNA-damage-inducible 45 beta (GADD45B), JUNB, FOS, and FOS-like antigen 1 (FOSL1) were confirmed to be closely related to NASH and COVID-19. Finally, the relationship between hub genes and related pathways was analyzed, and the interaction network of six hub genes was constructed with TFs, miRNAs, and compounds.Conclusion: This study identified six hub genes related to COVID-19 and NASH, providing a new perspective for disease diagnosis and drug development.
Chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathologic change is uncommon in men who played amateur American football
Authors: Iverson Grant L. , Jamshidi Pouya , Fisher-Hubbard Amanda O. , Deep-Soboslay Amy , Hyde Thomas M. , Kleinman Joel E. , deJong Joyce L. , Shepherd Claire E. , Hazrati Lili-Naz , Castellani Rudolph J. 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionWe examined postmortem brain tissue from men, over the age of 50, for chronic traumatic encephalopathy neuropathologic change (CTE-NC). We hypothesized that (i) a small percentage would have CTE-NC, (ii) those who played American football during their youth would be more likely to have CTE-NC than those who did not play contact or collision sports, and (iii) there would be no association between CTE-NC and suicide as a manner of death.MethodsBrain tissue from 186 men and accompanying clinical information were obtained from the Lieber Institute for Brain Development. Manner of death was determined by a board-certified forensic pathologist. Information was obtained from next of kin telephone interviews, including medical, social, demographic, family, and psychiatric history. The 2016 and 2021 consensus definitions were used for CTE-NC. Two authors screened all cases, using liberal criteria for identifying “possible” CTE-NC, and five authors examined the 15 selected cases.ResultsThe median age at the time of death was 65 years (interquartile range = 57–75; range = 50–96). There were 25.8% with a history of playing American football and 36.0% who had suicide as their manner of death. No case was rated as definitively having “features” of CTE-NC by all five authors. Ten cases were rated as having features of CTE-NC by three or more authors (5.4% of the sample), including 8.3% of those with a personal history of playing American football and 3.9% of those who did not play contact or collision sports. Of those with mood disorders during life, 5.5% had features of CTE-NC compared to 6.0% of those who did not have a reported mood disorder. Of those with suicide as a manner of death, 6.0% had features of CTE-NC compared to 5.0% of those who did not have suicide as a manner of death.DiscussionWe did not identify a single definitive case of CTE-NC, from the perspective of all raters, and only 5.4% of cases were identified as having possible features of CTE-NC by some raters. CTE-NC was very uncommon in men who played amateur American football, those with mood disorders during life, and those with suicide as a manner of death.
Using histogram analysis of the intrinsic brain activity mapping to identify essential tremor
Authors: Xiao Pan , Tao Li , Zhang Xiaoyu , Li Qin , Gui Honge , Xu Bintao , Zhang Xueyan , He Wanlin , Chen Huiyue , Wang Hansheng , Lv Fajin , Luo Tianyou , Cheng Oumei , Luo Jin , Man Yun , Xiao Zheng , Fang Weidong 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundEssential tremor (ET) is one of the most common movement disorders. Histogram analysis based on brain intrinsic activity imaging is a promising way to identify ET patients from healthy controls (HCs) and further explore the spontaneous brain activity change mechanisms and build the potential diagnostic biomarker in ET patients.MethodsThe histogram features based on the Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (Rs-fMRI) data were extracted from 133 ET patients and 135 well-matched HCs as the input features. Then, a two-sample t-test, the mutual information, and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator methods were applied to reduce the feature dimensionality. Support vector machine (SVM), logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), and k-nearest neighbor (KNN) were used to differentiate ET and HCs, and classification performance of the established models was evaluated by the mean area under the curve (AUC). Moreover, correlation analysis was carried out between the selected histogram features and clinical tremor characteristics.ResultsEach classifier achieved a good classification performance in training and testing sets. The mean accuracy and area under the curve (AUC) of SVM, LR, RF, and KNN in the testing set were 92.62%, 0.948; 92.01%, 0.942; 93.88%, 0.941; and 92.27%, 0.939, respectively. The most power-discriminative features were mainly located in the cerebello-thalamo-motor and non-motor cortical pathways. Correlation analysis showed that there were two histogram features negatively and one positively correlated with tremor severity.ConclusionOur findings demonstrated that the histogram analysis of the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) images with multiple machine learning algorithms could identify ET patients from HCs and help to understand the spontaneous brain activity pathogenesis mechanisms in ET patients.
The advanced characterization, post-irradiation examination, and materials informatics for the development of ultra high-burnup annular U-10Zr metallic fuel
Authors: Yao Tiankai , Bachhav Mukesh , Di Lemma Fidelma G. , Xu Fei , Teng Fei , Murray Daniel J. , Benson Michael T. , Capriotti Luca 
Published: June 2023

U-Zr metallic fuel is a promising fuel candidate for Gen Ⅳ fast spectrum reactors. Previous experimental irradiation campaigns showed that the sodium thermal bonded U-10Zr fuel design can achieve a burnup of 10% fissions per initial heavy metal atom (FIMA). Advanced metallic fuel designs are pushing the burnup limit to 20% or even 30% FIMA. To achieve the higher burnup and eliminate the pyrophoric sodium, a prototypical annular fuel has been designed, fabricated, clad with HT-9 in the Materials and Fuels Complex, and irradiated in the Advanced Test Reactors of Idaho National Laboratory (INL) to a peak burnup of 3.3% FIMA. During irradiation, the mechanical contact between fuel and cladding acts as a thermal bond. The irradiation lasted for 132 days in the reactor. Recently, the archived fresh and irradiated fuel samples were characterized using advanced characterization capabilities in the Irradiated Materials Characterization Laboratory (IMCL) of INL. This article summarizes the results of advanced characterization and computer vision-based materials informatics to reveal the irradiation effects on U-Zr metallic fuel. Future work will focus on further implementation of advanced characterization and statistical data mining to improve the fidelity of fuel performance modeling and support U-Zr metallic fuel qualification for fast spectrum reactors.
Clinical significance of the advanced lung cancer inflammation index in gastrointestinal cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Pang Hua-Yang , Chen Xiu-Feng , Yan Meng-Hua , Chen Li-Hui , Chen Zhi-Xiong , Zhang Shou-Ru , Sun Hao 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundThe advanced lung cancer inflammation index (ALI) has been identified as a scientific and clinical priority in multiple malignancies. The aim of this study is to investigate the value of the ALI before treatment in evaluating postoperative complications (POCs) and survival outcomes in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer.MethodsElectronic databases including PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were comprehensively reviewed up to June 2022. The endpoints were POCs and survival outcomes. Subgroup analyses and sensitivity analyses were also performed.ResultsEleven studies including 4417 participants were included. A significant heterogeneity in the ALI cut-off value among studies was observed. Patients in the low ALI group showed increased incidence of POCs (OR=2.02; 95%CI:1.60-2.57; P&lt;0.001; I2 = 0%). In addition, a low ALI was also significantly associated with worse overall survival (HR=1.96; 95%CI: 1.58-2.43; P&lt;0.001; I2 = 64%), which remained consistent in all subgroups based on country, sample size, tumor site, tumor stage, selection method and Newcastle Ottawa Scale score. Moreover, patients in the low ALI group had an obviously decreased disease-free survival compared to these in the high ALI group (HR=1.47; 95%CI: 1.28-1.68; P&lt;0.001; I2 = 0%).ConclusionBased on existing evidence, the ALI could act as a valuable predictor of POCs and long-term outcomes in patients with GI cancer. However, the heterogeneity in the ALI cut-off value among studies should be considered when interpreting these findings.
Cancer-associated fibroblasts refine the classifications of gastric cancer with distinct prognosis and tumor microenvironment characteristics
Authors: Gu Lei , Ding Dan , Wei Cuicui , Zhou Donglei 
Published: June 2023

BackgroundCancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are essential tumoral components of gastric cancer (GC), contributing to the development, therapeutic resistance and immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) of GC. This study aimed to explore the factors related to matrix CAFs and establish a CAF model to evaluate the prognosis and therapeutic effect of GC.MethodsSample information from the multiply public databases were retrieved. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis was used to identify CAF-related genes. EPIC algorithm was used to construct and verify the model. Machine-learning methods characterized CAF risk. Gene set enrichment analysis was employed to elucidate the underlying mechanism of CAF in the development of GC.ResultsA three-gene (GLT8D2, SPARC and VCAN) prognostic CAF model was established, and patients were markedly divided according to the riskscore of CAF model. The high-risk CAF clusters had significantly worse prognoses and less significant responses to immunotherapy than the low-risk group. Additionally, the CAF risk score was positively associated with CAF infiltration in GC. Moreover, the expression of the three model biomarkers were significantly associated with the CAF infiltration. GSEA revealed significant enrichment of cell adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix receptors and focal adhesions in patients at a high risk of CAF.ConclusionThe CAF signature refines the classifications of GC with distinct prognosis and clinicopathological indicators. The three-gene model could effectively aid in determining the prognosis, drug resistance and immunotherapy efficacy of GC. Thus, this model has promising clinical significance for guiding precise GC anti-CAF therapy combined with immunotherapy.
Comprehensiveness of online sources for patient education on hereditary hearing impairment
Authors: Duymaz Yaşar Kemal , Tekin Ahmet M. , D’Haese Patrick , Şahin Şamil , Erkmen Burak , Cırık Ahmet Adnan , Topsakal Vedat 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionThe present study aimed at investigating the readability of online sources on hereditary hearing impairment (HHI).MethodsIn August 2022, the search terms “hereditary hearing impairment”, “genetic deafness”, hereditary hearing loss”, and “sensorineural hearing loss of genetic origin” were entered into the Google search engine and educational materials were determined. The first 50 websites were determined for each search. The double hits were removed and websites with only graphics or tables were excluded. Websites were categorized into either a professional society, a clinical practice or a general health information website. The readability tests to evaluate the websites included: Flesch Reading Ease, Flesch–Kincaid grade level, Gunning–Fog Index, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook, Coleman–Liau Index, Automated Readability Index.ResultsTwentynine websites were included and categorized as from 4 professional societies, 11 from clinical practices and 14 providing general information. All analyzed websites required higher reading levels than sixth grade. On average 12–16 years of education is required to read and understand the websites focused on HHI. Although general health information websites have better readability, the difference was not statistically significant.DiscussionThe readability scores of every type of online educational materials on HHI are above the recommended level indicating that not all patients and parents can comprehend the information they seek for on these websites.
Case report: Tackling the complexities of an extremely premature newborn with intrauterine growth restriction and congenital metabolic disorders through a multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Roșca Ioana , Preda Andrei Gheorghe , Constantin Andreea Teodora , Coroleucă Ciprian , Severin Emilia , Teleanu Raluca Ioana , Turenschi Alina 
Published: June 2023

Background and objectivesThe premature birth of a newborn can present a complex challenge for healthcare providers, particularly in cases of extreme prematurity combined with intrauterine growth restriction and multiple metabolic deficiencies. In this report, we aim to shed light on the difficulties and considerations involved in the management of such a case. In addition, our study is aimed to raise awareness of the importance of a multidisciplinary team in managing an extreme premature case with multiple comorbidities.Case presentation and main findingsWe present the case of a 28-week premature female newborn with very low birth weight (660 g, percentile &lt;10%) and intrauterine growth restriction. She was born through emergency cesarean delivery due to maternal Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelet count (HELLP) syndrome and had a high-risk pregnancy (spontaneous twin pregnancy, with one fetus stopping development at 16 weeks and maternal hypertension). In the first hours of life, she presented with persistent hypoglycemia requiring progressive glucose supplementation up to 16 g/kg/day to maintain normal blood glucose levels. The baby then showed favorable progress. However, from days 24 to 25, hypoglycemia recurred and did not respond to glucose boluses or supplementation in both intravenous and oral feeds, leading to the suspicion of a congenital metabolic disorder. Endocrine and metabolic screenings led to suspicion of primary carnitine deficiency and a deficiency in hepatic form of carnitine-palmitoyltransferase type I (CPT1) on the second screening.Conclusion and clinical implicationsThe study highlights rare metabolic anomalies that can be due to both organ and system immaturity and delayed enteral feeding and excessive use of antibiotics. The clinical implications of this study emphasize the need for careful monitoring and comprehensive care of premature infants to prevent and manage potential metabolic abnormalities by neonatal metabolic screening.
Is functional training an efficient approach to improve body composition in older people? A systematic review
Authors: Monteiro Marcos Raphael Pereira , Cardoso Alan Pantoja , de Resende-Neto Antônio Gomes , Vasconcelos Alan Bruno Silva , Camargo Enilton Aparecido , Gobbo Luis Alberto , Maté-Muñoz José Luis , Heredia-Elvar Juan Ramón , Behm David George , Da Silva-Grigoletto Marzo Edir 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Increases in fat mass and reductions in lean mass are associated with the frailty and mortality of older people. In this context, Functional Training (FT) is an option to increase lean mass and reduce fat mass in older people. Thus, this systematic review aims to investigate the effects of FT on body fat and lean mass in older people.Methods: We included randomized controlled clinical trials, with at least one intervention group that employed FT, with the age of participants ≥60 years; and participants physically independent and healthy. We performed the systematic investigation in Pubmed MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. We extracted the information and used the PEDro Scale to assess the methodological quality of each study.Results: Our research found 3,056 references with five appropriate studies. Of the five studies, three presented reductions in fat mass, all of them with interventions between three and 6 months, different training dose parameters, and 100% of the sample was composed of women. On the other hand, two studies with interventions between 10 and 12 weeks presented conflicting results.Conclusion: Despite the limited literature about lean mass, it appears that long-term FT interventions may reduce fat mass in older women.Clinical Trial Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=399257, identifier CRD42023399257
Row selection in remote sensing from four-row plots of maize and sorghum based on repeatability and predictive modeling
Authors: Tolley Seth A. , Carpenter Neal , Crawford Melba M. , Delp Edward J. , Habib Ayman , Tuinstra Mitchell R. 
Published: June 2023

Remote sensing enables the rapid assessment of many traits that provide valuable information to plant breeders throughout the growing season to improve genetic gain. These traits are often extracted from remote sensing data on a row segment (rows within a plot) basis enabling the quantitative assessment of any row-wise subset of plants in a plot, rather than a few individual representative plants, as is commonly done in field-based phenotyping. Nevertheless, which rows to include in analysis is still a matter of debate. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate row selection and plot trimming in field trials conducted using four-row plots with remote sensing traits extracted from RGB (red-green-blue), LiDAR (light detection and ranging), and VNIR (visible near infrared) hyperspectral data. Uncrewed aerial vehicle flights were conducted throughout the growing seasons of 2018 to 2021 with data collected on three years of a sorghum experiment and two years of a maize experiment. Traits were extracted from each plot based on all four row segments (RS) (RS1234), inner rows (RS23), outer rows (RS14), and individual rows (RS1, RS2, RS3, and RS4). Plot end trimming of 40 cm was an additional factor tested. Repeatability and predictive modeling of end-season yield were used to evaluate performance of these methodologies. Plot trimming was never shown to result in significantly different outcomes from non-trimmed plots. Significant differences were often observed based on differences in row selection. Plots with more row segments were often favorable for increasing repeatability, and excluding outer rows improved predictive modeling. These results support long-standing principles of experimental design in agronomy and should be considered in breeding programs that incorporate remote sensing.
The “Survival Pending Revolution” COVID-19 vaccination campaign: an example of critical communication theory in action
Authors: Schillinger Dean , Cortez Gabriel , Lee Michelle 
Published: June 2023

IntroductionWe carried out a two-phase, qualitative evaluation of a novel public health campaign to promote COVID-19 vaccination among youth and young adults of color (YOC), called Survival Pending Revolution. The campaign, commissioned by California's Department of Public Health, was created by YOC spoken word artists, under the direction of the organization, Youth Speaks.MethodsIn phase 1, we describe the communication attributes of the campaign's nine video-poems, coded the content of the pieces, and applied thematic analysis to describe the themes conveyed. In phase 2, we carried out a comparative health communication study to assess the content's potential value. We exposed a sample of the target audience (YOC) to the content of Survival Pending Revolution and a widely viewed comparator campaign (The Conversation). Using a focus group, we solicited participants' views using a semi-structured approach. Using thematic analysis, we summarized the reactions that arose when participants reflected on the attributes of each campaign.ResultsFindings from phase 1 reveal how engaging YOC artists who embrace Youth Speaks' philosophy of harnessing “life as primary text” resulted in content that is aligned with critical communication theory, focusing on structural determinants of health, including themes of overcoming oppressive systems, health and social inequities, and medical discrimination and mistrust. Findings from phase 2 reveal that this arts-based campaign based on such critical communication theory, when compared to a more traditional campaign, promotes message salience, fosters emotional engagement, and provides a form of validation among historically oppressed groups such that they may be more open to, and potentially act on, the COVID-19 vaccination communications to which they are exposed.DiscussionAs an example of critical communication, the Survival Pending Revolution campaign encourages health-promoting behavioral decisions while calling out the structural determinants of health that shape risks of exposure and constrain free choice. Engaging uniquely gifted members of marginalized populations as creators and messengers of campaigns lead to content that is aligned with a critical communication approach, whose goal is to aid disparity populations in both resisting and navigating systems that continue to locate them on the margins of society. Our evaluation of this campaign suggests that it represents a promising formative and interventional approach to engendering trust in public health messaging and promoting health equity.