bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cardiac-to-adipose axis in metabolic homeostasis and diseases: special instructions from the heart
Authors: Tang Songling , Li Ruixin , Ma Wen , Lian Liu , Gao Jiuyu , Cao Yu , Gan Lu 
Published: September 2023

AbstractAdipose tissue is essential for maintaining systemic metabolic homeostasis through traditional metabolic regulation, endocrine crosstalk, and extracellular vesicle production. Adipose dysfunction is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The heart is a traditional pump organ. However, it has recently been recognized to coordinate interorgan cross-talk by providing peripheral signals known as cardiokines. These molecules include specific peptides, proteins, microRNAs and novel extracellular vesicle-carried cargoes. Current studies have shown that generalized cardiokine-mediated adipose regulation affects systemic metabolism. Cardiokines regulate lipolysis, adipogenesis, energy expenditure, thermogenesis during cold exposure and adipokine production. Moreover, cardiokines participate in pathological processes such as obesity, diabetes and ischemic heart injury. The underlying mechanisms of the cardiac-to-adipose axis mediated by cardiokines will be further discussed to provide potential therapeutic targets for metabolic diseases and support a new perspective on the need to correct adipose dysfunction after ischemic heart injury.
Addressing the second victim phenomenon in Israeli health care institutions
Authors: Cohen Rinat , Sela Yael , Nissanholtz-Gannot Rachel 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The ‘second victim’ phenomenon (SVP) refers to practitioners who experience a negative physical or emotional response, as well as a professional decline, after participating or witnessing an adverse event. Despite the Israeli Ministry of Health’s implementation of specific protocols regarding the overall management of adverse events in health organizations over the past decade, there is limited knowledge regarding healthcare managers’ perceptions of the ‘second victim’ occurrence.

Methods
A phenomenological qualitative approach was used to identify an accurate view of policy. Fifteen senior risk manager/and policy makers were interviewed about their knowledge and perceptions of the ‘second victim’. Topics addressed included reporting mechanisms of an adverse event, the degree of organizational awareness of ‘second victim’, and identifying components of possible intervention programs and challenges to implementing those programs.

Results
Examining current procedures reveals that there is limited knowledge about uniform guidance for health care organizations on how to identify, treat, or prevent SVP among providers. The employee support programs that were offered were sporadic in nature and depended on the initiative of a direct manager or the risk manager.

Conclusions
Currently, there is little information or organizational discussion about the possible negative effects of AE on healthcare practitioners. To provide overall medical care that is safe and effective for patients, the health system must also provide a suitable response to the needs of the medical provider. This could be achieved by establishing a national policy for all healthcare organizations to follow, raising awareness of the possible occurrence of SVP, and creating a standard for the subsequent identification, treatment and future prevention for providers who may be suffering.
Impact of COVID-19 on subnational variations in life expectancy and life disparity at birth in India: evidence from NFHS and SRS data
Authors: Yadav Pawan Kumar , Yadav Suryakant 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Measuring life expectancy and life disparity can assist in comprehending how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected the mortality estimates in the Indian population. The present study aims to study the life expectancy and life disparity at birth at the national and subnational levels before and during the COVID-19 pandemic using the NFHS and SRS data.

Methods
The measures Life expectancy at birth ($${e}_{0}$$

e
0

) and Life disparity at birth ($${e}_{0}^{\dagger}$$

e

0

†

) were computed for the non-pandemic and pandemic years from NFHS (2015–16), SRS (2015) and NFHS (2019–21), SRS (2020) respectively at the national and Subnational level in India. Using NFHS data for the 36 states and SRS data for the 22 states, the study calculates $${e}_{0}$$

e
0

and $${e}_{0}^{\dagger}$$

e

0

†

by total, male and female population.

Results
The $${e}_{0}$$

e
0

for male and female decline from 64.3 years and 69.2 years in 2015–16 to 62.9 years and 68.9 years in 2019–21. The $${e}_{0}$$

e
0

shows a drop of approximately 1.4 years for males and 0.3 years for females in the pandemic year 2019–21 when compared to the non-pandemic year 2015–16. At the subnational level $${e}_{0}$$

e
0

shows a decline for 22 states in person, 23 states in males and 21 states in females in the pandemic year 2019–21 as compared to the non-pandemic years 2015–16. The $${e}_{0}^{\dagger}$$

e

0

†

shows a increase for 21 states in person, 24 states in females and 17 states in males in the pandemic year than non-pandemic year. The findings shows a significant losses in $${e}_{0}$$

e
0

and gains in $${e}_{0}^{\dagger}$$

e

0

†

for males than females in the pandemic year as compared to the non-pandemic year at the subnational level in India.

Conclusions
COVID-19 pandemic has decreased $${e}_{0}$$

e
0

and increased $${e}_{0}^{\dagger}$$

e

0

†

in the pandemic year 2019–21 at the national and subnational level in India. COVID-19 had a significant impact on the age pattern of mortality for many states and male, female population and delayed the mortality transition in India.
The type of lipid supplement has crucial implications for forage particle size in calf starter diets
Authors: Panahiha Pedram , Mirzaei-Alamouti Hamidreza , Kazemi-Bonchenari Mehdi , Poorhamdollah Mehdi , Vazirigohar Mina , Aschenbach Jörg R. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Forage inclusion in starters of young dairy calves has become an acceptable strategy in the last decade. To compensate for the lower energy provided by forage, concurrent lipid supplementation can be proposed. However, ruminal microbial activity and forage digestibility may be decreased by lipid supplementation. We hypothesized that the composite effect of forage and lipid supplements may be dependent on forage particle size and the type of lipid supplement. Therefore, we evaluated the effect of long (LP; geometric mean, 4.97 mm) vs. short alfalfa hay particle sizes (SP; geometric mean, 1.26 mm) with either soybean oil (SBO) or palm fatty acids (PLF) as lipid source in a 2 × 2 factorial design with treatments SP-SBO, SP-PLF, LP-SBO, and LP-PLF. Treatments (n = 13 with 6 males and 7 females each) were offered to Holstein calves (3 days old) with equal amounts of lipid (25 g/kg DM) throughout the experimental period. The milk offering scheme (d 1 to 53) was equal for all groups. Data collection continued until 20 d post-weaning.

Results
Interaction between forage particle size and lipid supplement was significant for the following readouts: the highest and lowest starter intakes during the pre-weaning period occurred in LP-PLF and LP-SBO, respectively. This was associated with similarly contrasting changes in average daily gain (ADG) during the post-weaning period, body weight at the end of experiment, withers height, digestibility of organic matter and neutral detergent fiber, and blood serum concentrations of glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and insulin during the pre-weaning period. During both pre- and post-weaning periods, the highest and lowest urinary excretion of allantoin and total purine derivatives, representing microbial protein synthesis, were observed in LP-PLF and LP-SBO, respectively, indicating that those diets were most and least favorable for rumen development. Irrespective of forage particle size, supplemental SBO vs. PLF increased serum malondialdehyde as an oxidative stress indicator across periods, increased blood urea nitrogen and feed efficiency in the pre-weaning period, and reduced hip height during the post-weaning period.

Conclusions
It can be concluded that feeding a rumen-inert, mostly saturated fatty acid source with alfalfa hay as long particle size is recommended with view on performance, whereas a combination soybean oil rich in unsaturated fatty acids should not be provided to milk-fed Holstein calves together with long particle forage. Feeding soybean oil and alfalfa hay as long particles is not advisable mainly due to lower starter consumption and impaired development of ruminal function. If dietary supplementation of soybean oil is applied, incorporation of forage as small particles should be preferred to support rumen development.
Targeting NOTCH1 in combination with antimetabolite drugs prolongs life span in relapsed pediatric and adult T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia xenografts
Authors: Minuzzo Sonia , Agnusdei Valentina , Pinazza Marica , Amaro Adriana A. , Sacchetto Valeria , Pfeffer Ulrich , Bertorelle Roberta , Spinelli Orietta , Serafin Valentina , Indraccolo Stefano 
Published: September 2023

AbstractT-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is a hematologic tumor, characterized by several genetic alterations, that constitutes 15% of pediatric and 25% of adult ALL. While with current therapeutic protocols children and adults’ overall survival (OS) rates reach 85–90% and 40–50%, respectively, the outcome for both pediatric and adult T-ALL patients that relapse or are refractory to induction therapy, remains extremely poor, achieving around 25% OS for both patient groups. About 60% of T-ALL patients show increased NOTCH1 activity, due to activating NOTCH1 mutations or alterations in its ubiquitin ligase FBXW7. NOTCH signaling has been shown to contribute to chemotherapy resistance in some tumor models. Hence, targeting the NOTCH1 signaling pathway may be an effective option to overcome relapsed and refractory T-ALL.Here, we focused on the therapeutic activity of the NOTCH1-specific monoclonal antibody OMP-52M51 in combination either with drugs used during the induction, consolidation, or maintenance phase in mice xenografts established from pediatric and adult relapsed NOTCH1 mutated T-ALL samples. Interestingly, from RNAseq data we observed that anti-NOTCH1 treatment in vivo affects the purine metabolic pathway. In agreement, both in vitro and in vivo, the greatest effect on leukemia growth reduction was achieved by anti-NOTCH1 therapy in combination with antimetabolite drugs. This result was further corroborated by the longer life span of mice treated with the anti-NOTCH1 in combination with antimetabolites, indicating a novel Notch-targeted therapeutic approach that could ameliorate pediatric and adult T-ALL patients outcome with relapse disease for whom so far, no other therapeutic options are available.
Effective investigation of murine femoral bone development utilizing correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM)
Authors: Kwon Yong-Eun , Kim Jung-Kyun , Kim Youn-Joong , Je A. Reum , Guim Hwanuk , Kim Jin-Gyu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
For effective investigation of the developing structure and chemistry of bone, comprehensive studies including compositional analysis can be achieved through the gradual observation from the micro- to nanometer scale via correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM). This technique is particularly useful considering the complex hierarchical arrangement of bioapatite and collagen fibrils which may vary according to specific bone tissue types (i.e., lamellar bone and woven bone) and different growth stages. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) accompanied with the attachment of the scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) detector, referred to as the STEM-in-SEM can be utilized to produce high contrast images from materials composed of light elements, and efficiently allows the selection of suitable accelerating voltage for energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). This study aims to emphasize the efficacy of CLEM techniques through applying STEM-in-SEM and EDS analyses, and its application to comparative murine bone investigation in differing ontogenetic stages.

Findings
We have designed a new grid-holder which can be used for both light and electron microscopy, and we presented an imaging technique for TEM specimens via reflective light microscopy (RLM). For performing CLEM, ultra-thin-sections (UTS) prepared from the femoral bones of 1- to 16-week old of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats provided light and electron micrographs that can be correlated based on the regions of interest (ROIs). STEM-in-SEM micrographs revealed information not attainable by secondary electron (SE) and back-scattered electron (BSE) micrographs. In addition, for analyzing chemical variation according to growth and development of femoral bones from 1- to 16-week-old rats, comparative chemical analysis was performed through STEM-in-SEM EDS with two reference materials.

Conclusion
Herein, from femoral bones of SD rats, we have confirmed the rapid chemical and structural variations within the first 8 weeks after birth. STEM-in-SEM micrographs revealed the bone development process of the early stage porous bone matrix subsequently being filled with collagen fibrils and bioapatite. In addition, chemical analysis for carbon and oxygen showed the ratios of inorganic to organic phases according to growth and progress in bone mineralization. As a result, we were able to postulate the growth mechanism of murine femoral bone in the neonatal stages of development. We also anticipate that our CLEM techniques can be further utilized for more thorough investigation of bone structure and chemistry in diverse scales.
Amide proton transfer (APT) and magnetization transfer (MT) in predicting short-term therapeutic outcome in nasopharyngeal carcinoma after chemoradiotherapy: a feasibility study of three-dimensional chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) MRI
Authors: Liu Wenguang , Wang Xiao , Xie Simin , Liu Weiyin Vivian , Masokano Ismail Bilal , Bai Yu , Chen Juan , Zhong Linhui , Luo Yijing , Zhou Gaofeng , Li Wenzheng , Pei Yigang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
The three-dimensional chemical exchange saturation transfer (3D CEST) technique is a novel and promising magnetic resonance sequence; however, its application in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) lacks sufficient evaluation. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of the 3D CEST technique in predicting the short-term treatment outcomes for chemoradiotherapy (CRT) in NPC patients.

Methods
Forty NPC patients and fourteen healthy volunteers were enrolled and underwent the pre-treatment 3D CEST magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). The reliability of 3D CEST was assessed in healthy volunteers by calculating the intra- and inter-observer correlation coefficient (ICC) for amide proton transfer weighted-signal intensity (APTw-SI) and magnetization transfer ratio (MTR) values. NPC patients were divided into residual and non-residual groups based on short-term treatment outcomes after CRT. Whole-tumor regions of interest (ROIs) were manually drawn to measure APTw-SI, MTR and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values. Multivariate analysis and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) were used to evaluate the prediction performance of clinical characteristics, APTw-SI, MTR, ADC values, and combined models in predicting short-term treatment outcomes in NPC patients.

Results
For the healthy volunteer group, all APTw-SI and MTR values exhibited good to excellent intra- and inter-observer agreements (0.736–0.910, 0.895–0.981, all P > 0.05). For NPC patients, MTR values showed a significant difference between the non-residual and residual groups (31.24 ± 5.21% vs. 34.74 ± 1.54%, P = 0.003) while no significant differences were observed for APTw-SI and ADC values (P > 0.05). Moreover, the diagnostic power of MTR value was superior to APTw-SI (AUC: 0.818 vs. 0.521, P = 0.017) and comparable to ADC values (AUC: 0.818 vs. 0.649, P > 0.05) in predicting short-term treatment outcomes for NPC patients. The prediction performance did not improve even when combining MTR values with APTw-SI and/or ADC values (P > 0.05).

Conclusions
The pre-treatment MTR value acquired through 3D CEST demonstrated superior predictive performance for short-term treatment outcomes compared to APTw-SI and ADC values in NPC patients after CRT.
Assessing the impact of climate change on sediment discharge using a large ensemble rainfall dataset in Pekerebetsu River basin, Hokkaido
Authors: Kido Riho , Inoue Takuya , Hatono Misako , Yamanoi Kazuki 
Published: September 2023

AbstractIncreased rainfall associated with climate change can increase sediment discharge. The supply of fine sediment from slope failures inhibits bed armoring of mountain rivers and increases sediment discharge to the downstream reaches. Floods without slope failures lead to bed erosion and armoring and may ultimately decrease sediment discharge. Thus, it is important to consider sediment discharge from slope failure and bed erosion as factors affecting sediment production. Climate change affects not only the rainfall amount, but also the temporal rainfall pattern; consequently, the pattern affects the sediment production factors and the amount of sediment discharge. However, changes in sediment discharge due to climate change based on sediment production sources have not yet been clarified. In this study, we statistically analyzed 1200 results simulated using a physics-based sediment runoff model to assess the impact of changes in temporal rainfall patterns on sediment discharge and sediment production sources in the Pekerebetsu River Basin. In the simulations, we used the rainfall predicted in d4PDF (Database for policy decision-making for future climate change), a large ensemble climate simulation database at 5 km and 20 km resolutions. Our results showed that the climate-driven increase in sediment discharge was considerably larger than that of rainfall. An increase in short-term heavy rainfall increased the supply of fine sediments from slope failure. This resulted in the suppression of bed armoring and a large increase in sediment discharge. Thus, the increase in sediment discharge is not only caused by an increase in rainfall but also by changes in temporal rainfall patterns and sediment production factors. The sediment discharge calculated for the 20 km resolution climate projection was nearly one order of magnitude smaller than that for the 5 km resolution. This suggests that the 20 km resolution climate projections do not adequately represent orographic rainfall in the mountains and thus, do not adequately reproduce extreme sediment discharge events. An increased sediment supply causes bed aggradation and decreases the river conveyance capacity of the downstream channel. The model developed in this study will contribute to flood risk analysis and flood control planning for increased rainfall due to climate change.
Multidimensional analysis for fabric drapability
Authors: Shin Bona , Yun Changsang 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThis study analyzed fabric drapability in one, two, and three dimensions to provide an assessment method reflecting real conditions. One-dimensional analysis of drapability involved observing the fabric movement by reciprocating motion. The movement appeared differently depending on the fabric characteristics, and the shape and location of the node showed differently, which were considered to be influenced by the weight of the sample along with the drape coefficient. Two-dimensional analysis identified the significant factors for the drape information. This examination confirmed that, even if drape factors were similar, differences in draped shape were observed based on the factors related to node shapes. Three-dimensional analysis, using a 3D scanner, involved the use of the mean distances between draped samples and the standard truncated cone, their standard deviation, and the coefficient of variation. The coefficient of variation was high in the groups wherein the shape of the drape was irregular. In the 3D analysis, the distances between samples and the standard truncated cone were expressed in colors to intuitively deliver the drape information. To determine a factor that could indicate drapability among the factors derived from each dimension, the existing drape coefficient was employed for correlation analysis. Three pairs of samples with similar drape coefficients but different drape shapes were selected to verify the above results. In conclusion, one-dimensional node location, two-dimensional standard deviation of node severity, and three-dimensional coefficient of variation were shown to effectively demonstrate the drape characteristic that the drape coefficient could not indicate.
Significance of pharmacist intervention to oral antithrombotic therapy in the pharmaceutical outpatient clinic of cardiovascular internal medicine: a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Kurimura Tomoko , Yamamoto Kazuhiro , Tanaka Hidekazu , Toba Takayoshi , Kimura Takeshi , Habu Yasushi , Itohara Kotaro , Kitahiro Yumi , Omura Tomohiro , Yano Ikuko 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Optimised antithrombotic therapy requires clinical experience and an understanding of the current guidelines. This retrospective study aimed to evaluate whether pharmacist interviews and interventions with patients taking oral antithrombotic drugs in the pharmaceutical outpatient cardiology clinic had favourable clinical outcomes including decreased bleeding.

Methods
The participants included patients visiting the outpatient clinic of cardiovascular internal medicine at the Kobe University Hospital from January–December 2017, and were taking oral antithrombotic medication. The observation period was from the first visit to the outpatient clinic to October 2021 or death. Patients who received pharmacist intervention more than twice were defined as the pharmacist intervention group. Two control patients per one pharmacist intervention group individual were selected from the non-intervention pool matched for age, gender and antithrombotic medication type.

Results
Of the 895 eligible patients, 132 were in the pharmacist intervention group and 264 were selected for the matched non-intervention group. Bleeding events according to the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium criteria over type 2 were significantly lower in the pharmacist intervention group compared with the non-intervention group (17.4% versus 28.4%, P = 0.019). There were no significant differences in mortality and heart failure hospitalisation frequency, stroke, or cardiovascular events between the groups. Multivariate analysis identified age (≥ 65 years) and pharmacist intervention as factors associated with bleeding (odds ratio = 2.29 and 0.51, respectively).

Conclusion
Pharmacist intervention in the outpatient clinic of cardiovascular internal medicine was effective in reducing the risk of bleeding in patients undergoing antithrombotic therapy.