bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anticipation and Management of Coronary Heart Disease for Hajj Pilgrims
Authors: Wahidji Vickry 
Published: January 2023

Background: The increasing number of Indonesian pilgrims yearly makes Indonesia the most significant country that sends pilgrims worldwide. But unfortunately, this is not accompanied by optimal health quality. One of the reasons is that most of these pilgrims are elderly and sometimes have suffered from degenerative diseases since they were in Indonesia.Contents: Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death in developed and developing countries. The pathophysiology of coronary heart disease is closely related to lifestyle and a combination of risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, diabetes mellitus, age and family history.Conclusion: Early intervention on coronary heart disease's causes and precipitating factors can reduce morbidity and mortality, especially for pilgrims. For this reason, it is necessary to carry out good, and continuous collaboration between health workers and the pilgrims not only during the implementation of the pilgrimage in the holy land but has started when the pilgrims register as prospective pilgrims.
Diagnostic Evaluation in Primary Intraocular Lymphoma : A Review
Authors: Priani Desti , Aulia Nabita 
Published: January 2023

Background: Although very rare, there has been an increasing incidence of primary intraocular lymphoma (PIOL) in recent years. In addition, PIOL is often missed in diagnosis and is often treated without a standard, resulting in frequent recurrence and involvement of the central nervous system. Investigations have an important role in establishing the diagnosis of this case.Contents: The latest diagnostic supporting tests applied to PIOL are optical coherence tomography, fundus fluorescence angiography, indocyanine green angiography, fundal autofluorescence, ocular ultrasonography, vitrectomy sampling, and head MRI. Histopathological examination with Giemsa stain or hematoxylin-eosin is the gold standard in this case. Molecular studies and genetics have also recently played an important role in supporting PIOL diagnosis.Conclusion: PIOL has similarities with other vitreoretinal and uveal tract diseases, so it is not easy to diagnose. High clinical suspicion needs to be followed up with the latest investigations to establish PIOL diagnosis.
Tārīqah Taqdim al-Qissah Fī Tarqiyah Mahārah al-Istimā’ Litullāb al-Mustawā al-Sānī al-Mukaṡṡaf Bijāmi’ah al-Amīn al-Islāmiyyah Prenduan Sumenep Madura
Authors: Sulton Moh. , . Shobirin 
Published: January 2023

Abstrack

If you look at each of the four language skills, it will be clear that the first is listening skill, because good listening is a basic factor in being able to master the other three skills, then the story presentation method becomes a teaching method based on presenting information and facts are anecdotal, and have a good effect on attracting the listener's attention. The purpose of this scientific research is to find out whether the storytelling method able to affect the increase in the listening ability of students for Intensive Program of the Dirosat Islamiyah Al-Amien Prenduan, and the extent of its impact. This scientific research is quantitative in nature, by taking data from students for the intensive program of the Dirosat Islamiyah Al-Amien Prenduan, and the total sample of 20 people. The data collection technique was used by using questionnaires which aimed to test the independent and the dependent variables. Observation and documents to confirm and verify, while for the data analysis method the data analysis method is the product moment correlation method, from the results of data analysis it is clear that the storytelling method affects in improving the student’s listening skills of intensive programe of Institut Dirosat Islamiyah Al-Amien Prenduan.
Keywords: Influence, Storytelling Methods, Listening Skill
Dirāsah ‘an Al-Ibdāl fī ‘Ilmi Al-Sharfi
Authors: Aflisia Noza , Rini Rini , Yul Widiya 
Published: January 2023

Abtract
Grammar plays a very important role in Arabic. It will help learners understand Arabic well and make others understand what we say. One of the Arab rules is Al-Ibdal. Many learners find it difficult to recognize the changing words because they do not know the origin of the changing letters. It is not only found in the Quran but also in Balaghah, Sharaf and other Arabic sciences. This research discusses Al-Ibdal, its language and terminology definitions, its letters, its benefits, its rules, and its divisions. This research is a Library Research, and data sources were derived from different books and journals. Then an understanding and analysis of these sources were carried out. The result is that Al-Ibdal is to create a character in place of a character while retaining the rest of the word characters. It has nine characters. One of the benefits of Al-Ibdal is that it avoids the wrong literature in understanding literary texts. It has many rules in general divided into ibdal sharfi or ibdal mutharrad and ibdal lughawi or ibdal ghairu mutharrad.
Keywords : Ibdal, Arabic, Sharaf, Isytiqaq
Tasawuf Dan Reformasi Umat Berdasarkan Pemikiran Imam al-Ghazali
Authors: Hasib Kholili 
Published: January 2023

Sejauh ini masih terdapat kesalahfahaman terhadap ilmu tasawuf. Kesalah fahaman terhadap ilmu tasawuf yang melahirkan tuduhan sesat biasanya bersumber dari ketiada fahaman tentang hakikat tasawuf yang terkait dengan syariah. Di antara pemahan yang menolak tasawuf adalah, kaum sufi dikatakan tidak terlalu taat pada syariah, bahkan ada di antara kaum sufi yang menafikan syariah. Padahal, mempraktikkan syariah pada taraf sempurna itulah akan ditemukan intisari tasawuf. Syariah yang dijalankan dengan sempurna itu tidak sekedar hukum dzahir, tapi juga mementingkan fiqih batin. Maka, tasawuf yang sebenar merupakan praktik dari syariah itu pada tingkat yang sempurna (ihsan), dzahir dan batin. Antara syariah dan tasawuf memiliki kaiatan erat yang tiada dapat dipisah. Jika dipisah, maka Islam menjadi tidak sempurna.
Selain itu, ada tuduhan tasawuf penyebab kemunduran umat Islam. Terkhusus, tasawuf yang dipraktikkan imam al-Ghazali oleh sebagian sarjana – baik dari orientalis maupun dari kalangan sarjana Muslim sendiri – diyakini penyebab matinya ilmu sains, dan filsafat di dunia Islam. Padahal, pemikiran imam al-Ghazali menurut Majid Irsan Kailani memiliki kontribusi signifikan dalam kebangkitan umat pada masa perang Salib. Maka, di sinilah menariknya mengkaji ulang kembali hakikat tasawuf imam al-Ghazali. Makalah ini menemukan bahwa, justru dengan tasawuf imam al-Ghazali terjadi kebangkitan umat. Tuduhan mematikan sains ternyata tidak terbukti. Karena setelah era imam al-Ghazali, sains berkembang bahkan pesat. Imam al-Ghazali hanya mengoreksi, bahwa ilmu pengetahuan termasuk sains dan filsafat tidak menemukan hakikat kebeneran kecuali dengan mengintegrasikan dengan tasawuf.
TESS-Keck Survey. XIV. Two Giant Exoplanets from the Distant Giants Survey
Authors: Van Zandt Judah , Petigura Erik A. , MacDougall Mason , Gilbert Gregory J. , Lubin Jack , Barclay Thomas , Batalha Natalie M. , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Dressing Courtney , Fulton Benjamin , Howard Andrew W. , Huber Daniel , Isaacson Howard , Kane Stephen R. , Robertson Paul , Roy Arpita , Weiss Lauren M. , Behmard Aida , Beard Corey , Chontos Ashley , Dai Fei , Dalba Paul A. , Fetherolf Tara , Giacalone Steven , Henze Christopher E. , Hill Michelle L. , Hirsch Lea A. , Holcomb Rae , Howell Steve B. , Jenkins Jon M. , Latham David W. , Mayo Andrew , Mireles Ismael , Močnik Teo , Murphy Joseph M. Akana , Pidhorodetska Daria , Polanski Alex S. , Ricker George R. , Rosenthal Lee J. , Rubenzahl Ryan A. , Seager S. , Scarsdale Nicholas , Turtelboom Emma V. , Vanderspek Roland , Winn Joshua N. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We present the Distant Giants Survey, a three-year radial velocity campaign to measure P(DG∣CS), the conditional occurrence of distant giant planets (DG; M

p
∼ 0.3–13 M
J, P > 1 yr) in systems hosting a close-in small planet (CS; R

p
< 10 R
⊕). For the past two years, we have monitored 47 Sun-like stars hosting small transiting planets detected by TESS. We present the selection criteria used to assemble our sample and report the discovery of two distant giant planets, TOI-1669 b and TOI-1694 c. For TOI-1669 b we find that

M
sin
i
=
0.573
±
0.074

M

J

, P = 502 ± 16 days, and e < 0.27, while for TOI-1694 c,

M
sin
i
=
1.05
±
0.05

M

J

, P = 389.2 ± 3.9 days, and e = 0.18 ± 0.05. We also confirmed the 3.8 days transiting planet TOI-1694 b by measuring a true mass of M = 26.1 ± 2.2 M
⊕. At the end of the Distant Giants Survey, we will incorporate TOI-1669 b and TOI-1694 c into our calculation of P(DG∣CS), a crucial statistic for understanding the relationship between outer giants and small inner companions.
Speckle Space–Time Covariance in High-contrast Imaging
Authors: Lewis Briley , Fitzgerald Michael P. , Dodkins Rupert H. , Davis Kristina K. , Lin Jonathan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We introduce a new framework for point-spread function subtraction based on the spatiotemporal variation of speckle noise in high-contrast imaging data where the sampling timescale is faster than the speckle evolution timescale. One way that space–time covariance arises in the pupil is as atmospheric layers translate across the telescope aperture and create small, time-varying perturbations in the phase of the incoming wavefront. The propagation of this field to the focal plane preserves some of that space–time covariance. To utilize this covariance, our new approach uses a Karhunen–Loève transform on an image sequence, as opposed to a set of single reference images as in previous applications of Karhunen–Loève Image Processing (KLIP) for high-contrast imaging. With the recent development of photon-counting detectors, such as microwave kinetic inductance detectors, this technique now has the potential to improve contrast when used as a post-processing step. Preliminary testing on simulated data shows this technique can improve contrast by at least 10%–20% from the original image, with significant potential for further improvement. For certain choices of parameters, this algorithm may provide larger contrast gains than spatial-only KLIP.
The Three Regimes of Atmospheric Evaporation for Super-Earths and Sub-Neptunes
Authors: Modirrousta-Galian Darius , Korenaga Jun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
A significant fraction of super-Earths and sub-Neptunes are thought to experience an extreme loss of volatiles because of atmospheric evaporation in the early stages of their life. Though the mechanisms behind the extreme mass loss are not fully understood, two contenders have been widely discussed: photoevaporation from X-ray and ultraviolet irradiation and core-powered mass loss. Here, it is shown that both mechanisms occur, but with different timescales, and that atmospheric loss can take place over three regimes. In the first regime, a planet has very high internal temperatures arising from its high-energy formation processes. These high temperatures give rise to a fully convecting atmosphere that efficiently loses mass without much internal cooling. The second regime applies to planets with lower internal temperatures, so a radiative region forms, but the photosphere still remains outside the Bondi radius. Hence, mass loss continues to depend only on the internal temperatures. Planets with the lowest internal temperatures are in the third regime, when the photosphere forms below the Bondi radius and mass is lost primarily because of X-ray and ultraviolet irradiation. This paper provides the first unifying framework for modeling atmospheric evaporation through the life span of a planet.
Probability Distribution Functions of Sunspot Magnetic Flux
Authors: Sakurai Takashi , Toriumi Shin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We investigated the probability distributions of sunspot area and magnetic flux by using data from the Royal Greenwich Observatory and USAF/NOAA. We constructed a sample of 2995 regions with maximum-development areas ≥500 MSH (millionths of solar hemisphere), covering 146.7 yr (1874–2020). The data were fitted by a power-law distribution and four two-parameter distributions (tapered-power-law, gamma, lognormal, and Weibull distributions). The power-law model was unfavorable compared to the four models in terms of AIC, and was not acceptable according to the classical Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. The lognormal and Weibull distributions were excluded because their behavior extended to smaller regions (S ≪ 500 MSH) do not connect to previously published results. Therefore, our choices were tapered-power-law and gamma distributions. The power-law portion of the tapered-power-law and gamma distributions was found to have a power exponent of 1.35–1.9. Due to the exponential falloff of these distributions, the expected frequencies of large sunspots are low. The largest sunspot group observed had an area of 6132 MSH, and the frequency of sunspots larger than 104 MSH was estimated to be every 3–8 × 104 yr. We also estimated the distributions of the Sun-as-a-star total sunspot areas. The largest total area covered by sunspots on record was 1.67% of the visible disk, and can be up to 2.7% by artificially increasing the lifetimes of large sunspots in an area evolution model. These values are still smaller than those found on active Sun-like stars.
An ∼600 pc View of the Strongly Lensed, Massive Main-sequence Galaxy J0901: A Baryon-dominated, Thick Turbulent Rotating Disk with a Clumpy Cold Gas Ring at z = 2.259
Authors: Liu Daizhong , Schreiber N. M. Förster , Genzel R. , Lutz D. , Price S. H. , Lee L. L. , Baker Andrew J. , Burkert A. , Coogan R. T. , Davies R. I. , Davies R. L. , Herrera-Camus R. , Kodama Tadayuki , Lee Minju M. , , Nestor A. , Pulsoni C. , Renzini A. , Sharon Chelsea E. , Shimizu T. T. , Tacconi L. J. , Tadaki Ken-ichi , Übler H. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We present a high-resolution kinematic study of the massive main-sequence star-forming galaxy (SFG) SDSS J090122.37+181432.3 (J0901) at z = 2.259, using ∼0.″36 Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array CO(3–2) and ∼0.″1–0.″5 SINFONI/VLT Hα observations. J0901 is a rare, strongly lensed but otherwise normal massive (

log
(

M

⋆

/

M

⊙

)
∼
11

) main-sequence SFG, offering a unique opportunity to study a typical massive SFG under the microscope of lensing. Through forward dynamical modeling incorporating lensing deflection, we fit the CO and Hα kinematics in the image plane out to about one disk effective radius (R
e ∼ 4 kpc) at an ∼600 pc delensed physical resolution along the kinematic major axis. Our results show high intrinsic dispersions of the cold molecular and warm ionized gas (σ
0,mol. ∼ 40 km s−1 and σ
0,ion. ∼ 66 km s−1) that remain constant out to R
e; a moderately low dark matter fraction (f
DM ∼ 0.3–0.4) within R
e; and a centrally peaked Toomre Q parameter—agreeing well with the previously established σ
0 versus z, f
DM versus Σbaryon, and Q's radial trends using large-sample non-lensed main-sequence SFGs. Our data further reveal a high stellar mass concentration within ∼1–2 kpc with little molecular gas, and a clumpy molecular gas ring-like structure at R ∼ 2–4 kpc, in line with the inside-out quenching scenario. Our further analysis indicates that J0901 had assembled half of its stellar mass only ∼400 Myr before its observed cosmic time, and the cold gas ring and dense central stellar component are consistent with signposts of a recent wet compaction event of a highly turbulent disk found in recent simulations.
Generative Models of Multichannel Data from a Single Example—Application to Dust Emission
Authors: Régaldo-Saint Blancard Bruno , Allys Erwan , Auclair Constant , Boulanger François , Eickenberg Michael , Levrier François , Vacher Léo , Zhang Sixin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The quest for primordial B-modes in the cosmic microwave background has emphasized the need for refined models of the Galactic dust foreground. Here we aim at building a realistic statistical model of the multifrequency dust emission from a single example. We introduce a generic methodology relying on microcanonical gradient descent models conditioned by an extended family of wavelet phase harmonic (WPH) statistics. To tackle the multichannel aspect of the data, we define cross-WPH statistics, quantifying non-Gaussian correlations between maps. Our data-driven methodology could apply to various contexts, and we have updated the software PyWPH, on which this work relies, accordingly. Applying this to dust emission maps built from a magnetohydrodynamics simulation, we construct and assess two generative models: (1) a (I, E, B) multi-observable input, and (2) a

{

I

ν

}

ν

multifrequency input. The samples exhibit consistent features compared to the original maps. A statistical analysis of model 1 shows that the power spectra, distributions of pixels, and Minkowski functionals are captured to a good extent. We analyze model 2 by fitting the spectral energy distribution (SED) of both the synthetic and original maps with a modified blackbody (MBB) law. The maps are equally well fitted, and a comparison of the MBB parameters shows that our model succeeds in capturing the spatial variations of the SED from the data. Besides the perspectives of this work for dust emission modeling, the introduction of cross-WPH statistics opens a new avenue to characterize non-Gaussian interactions across different maps, which we believe will be fruitful for astrophysics.
Statistical Study of the Star Formation Efficiency in Bars: Is Star Formation Suppressed in Gas-rich Bars?
Authors: Maeda Fumiya , Egusa Fumi , Ohta Kouji , Fujimoto Yusuke , Habe Asao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The dependence of the star formation efficiency (SFE) on galactic structures—especially whether the SFE in the bar region is lower than those in other regions—has recently been debated. We report the SFEs of 18 nearby gas-rich massive star-forming barred galaxies with large apparent bar major axes (≧75″). We statistically measure the SFE by distinguishing the center, the bar end, and the bar regions for the first time. The molecular gas surface density is derived from archival CO(1–0) and/or CO(2–1) data by assuming a constant CO-to-H2 conversion factor (α
CO), and the star formation rate surface density is derived from a linear combination of far-UV and mid-IR intensities. The angular resolution is 15″, which corresponds to 0.3–1.8 kpc. We find that the ratio of the SFE in the bar to that in the disk was systematically lower than unity (typically 0.6–0.8), which means that the star formation in the bar is systematically suppressed. Our results are inconsistent with similar recent statistical studies, which have reported that the SFE tends to be independent of galactic structures. This inconsistency can be attributed to the differences in the definitions of the bar region, the spatial resolutions, the α
CO, and the sample galaxies. Furthermore, we find a negative correlation between the SFE and the velocity width of the CO spectrum, which is consistent with the idea that the large dynamical effects—such as strong shocks, large shears, and fast cloud–cloud collisions caused by the noncircular motion of the bar—result in a low SFE.
Estimating Molecular Gas Content in Galaxies from Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Emission
Authors: Zhang Lulu , Ho Luis C. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Emission from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a commonly used indicator of star formation activity in galaxies, also has the potential to serve as an effective empirical tracer of molecular gas. We use a sample of 19 nearby galaxies with spatially resolved mid-infrared Spitzer spectroscopy, multiwavelength optical and mid-infrared imaging, and millimeter interferometric CO(1–0) maps to investigate the feasibility of using PAH emission as an empirical proxy to estimate molecular gas mass. PAH emission correlates strongly with CO emission on subkiloparsec scales over the diverse environments probed by our sample of star-forming galaxies and low-luminosity active galactic nuclei. The tight observed correlation, likely a consequence of photoelectronic heating of the diffuse interstellar gas by the PAHs, permits us to derive an empirical calibration to estimate molecular gas mass from the luminosity of PAH emission that has a total scatter of only ∼0.2–0.25 dex. Mid-infrared bands sensitive to PAH emission (e.g., the Spitzer/IRAC4 and WISE/W3 filters) can also be used as a highly effective substitute for this purpose.
Strongly Depleted Methanol and Hypervolatiles in Comet C/2021 A1 (Leonard): Signatures of Interstellar Chemistry?
Authors: Faggi Sara , Lippi Manuela , Mumma Michael J. , Villanueva Geronimo L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We measured the chemical composition of comet C/2021 A1 (Leonard) using the long-slit echelle grating spectrograph iSHELL/IRTF on 2021 December 20 and on 2022 January 8 and 9. We sampled 11 primary volatiles (H2O, HCN, NH3, CO, C2H2, C2H6, CH4, CH3OH, H2CO, OCS, and HCl) and three product species (CN, NH2, and OH) and retrieved their molecular abundances, which can serve as important cosmogonic indicators. The abundance ratios, relative to water, of almost all trace volatiles appear to be depleted relative to reference values, with methanol abundance among the lowest observed in a comet. The observed stronger depletion of CH3OH, relative to CO, CH4, and C2H6, could be evidence of an interstellar medium (ISM) chemistry signature in comet/Leonard ices. Both the detection of HCl and the detection of OCS support the idea of interstellar origin for comet/Leonard ices, since they are preferentially formed via solid-phase interstellar chemistry and are then found depleted in dense molecular clouds and protoplanetary disks, suggesting that their abundances in comets might retain a signature from the ISM era. The comet also revealed a complex outgassing pattern, with volatiles largely shifted toward the sunward direction, relative to the dust profiles that appeared centered on the nucleus-centric position. Here we present emission profiles measured along the Sun–comet line for brightest lines of H2O, HCN, C2H6, and CO, and we show that they follow the release of water in similar fashion, interpreting this as indication of a not strict relationship between polar and apolar ices.