bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Loss of Dead end1 induces testicular teratomas from primordial germ cells that failed to undergo sexual differentiation in embryonic testes
Authors: Imai Atsuki , Matsuda Kazuya , Niimi Yuki , Suzuki Atsushi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Spontaneous testicular teratomas (STTs) are tumours comprising a diverse array of cell and tissue types, which are derived from pluripotent stem-like cells called embryonal carcinoma cells (ECCs). Although mouse ECCs originate from primordial germ cells (PGCs) in embryonic testes, the molecular basis underlying ECC development remains unclear. This study shows that the conditional deletion of mouse Dead end1 (Dnd1) from migrating PGCs leads to STT development. InDnd1-conditional knockout (Dnd1-cKO) embryos, PGCs colonise the embryonic testes but fail to undergo sexual differentiation; subsequently, ECCs develop from a portion of the PGCs. Transcriptomic analyses reveal that PGCs not only fail to undergo sexual differentiation but are also prone to transformation into ECCs by upregulating the expression of ECC-specific genes in the testes ofDnd1-cKO embryos. Thus, our results clarify the role ofDnd1in developing STTs and developmental process of ECC from PGC, providing novel insights into pathogenic mechanisms of STTs.
Functions of scented nectar in fly-pollinated Fritillaria camtschatcensis (Liliaceae)
Authors: Li Junnan , Inui Yoko , Mochizuki Ko , Takeda Kazuya , Sakai Shoko , Kawakita Atushi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Volatile compounds in nectar have various functions, but we still know little about the distribution and functions of scented floral nectar. Here, we report functions of scented nectar in Fritillaria camtschatcensis. In Japan, F. camtschatcensis comprises two varieties, var. keisukei (hereafter, alpine type) and var. camtschatcensis (hereafter, lowland type), both of which secrete a large amount of scented nectar and attract flies as pollinators. We investigated sugar concentration of the nectar using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and studied the volatile chemical composition of the nectar using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We then conducted a bioassay using a synthetic mixture of components of the nectar scent of the lowland type to test if the nectar scent contributes to pollinator attraction. The HPLC analysis showed that substantial amounts of glucose and fructose occur in the nectar of the alpine type. The nectar of the lowland type also contained glucose, albeit at low concentration. The volatile compounds in the nectars were substantially different between the two types: the volatiles of the lowland type consisted of four aliphatic acids, whereas acetophenone was the main compound in the alpine type. The bioassay revealed that the nectar scent of the lowland type is sufficient to attract flies, including the pollinator species. This study showed that the nectar of F. camtschatcensis functions as both a reward and attractant for the pollinators, and indicates that flower nectar is much more diverse in terms of chemical composition and function than commonly thought.
Preliminary study of fetal HQ in cardiac structure and systolic function of fetal Coarctation of the aorta
Authors: Yang Jiaojiao , Tan Fang , Shen Yuqin , Zhao Yuan , Li Yanfeihai , Fan Sihan , Ji Xueqin , Xia Yan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective

To use fetal HQ software to carry out quantitative analysis of the 4-chamber view (4-CV) and left and right ventricle of fetuses with Coarctation of aortic(CoA) and normal fetuses, and to explore the application value of this software in evaluating the cardiac structure and systolic function of fetuses with CoA.

Methods

fetal HQ software was used to quantitatively analyze the GSI, 24-segment SI of left and right ventricles, fractional area change (FAC) left and right ventricular area, and longitudinal contractility in 53 normal singleton fetuses and 16 fetuses with CoA, 24-segment transverse width fractional shortenin FS .p < 0.05 was considered significant.

Results

Compared with the two groups of fetuses, the global spherical index (GSI) was significantly different (P < 0.05), and the left ventricle 18–24 segment spherical index was significantly different (P < 0.05); the right ventricle 8-11segmental spherical index was significant differences (P < 0.05); there were significant differences in left ventricular fraction area change and longitudinal strain in the CoA group (P < 0.05); there were no significant differences in right ventricular fraction area change and longitudinal strain in the CoA group (P > 0.05); the fetal left ventricular 24-segment transverse width fractional shortening FS in the CoA group was significantly different in segments 1–12 (P＜0.05);the FS 1–4 segments were significantly different (P < 0.05).

Conclusion

fetal HQ technique can quickly and easily obtain the spherical index and systolic function parameters of fetal heart, and provides a new method for quantitative analysis of fetal heart structure and systolic function with CoA.
A 2D ferroelectric vortex lattice in twisted BaTiO3 freestanding layers
Authors: Santamaria Jacobo , Sanchez-Santolino Gabriel , Rouco Victor , Zamora Victor , J. Fabian Cuellar , Leon Carlos , Puebla Sergio , Munuera Carmen , Mompean Federico , García-Hernández Mar , Castellanos-Gomez Andres , Aramberri Hugo , Íñiguez Jorge 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The wealth of complex polar topologies [1- 6] recently found in nanoscale ferroelectrics result from a delicate balance between the materials’ intrinsic tendency to develop a homogeneous polarization and the electric and mechanic boundary conditions imposed upon them. Ferroelectric–dielectric interfaces are model systems where polarization curling originates from open circuit-like electric boundary conditions, to avoid the build-up of polarization charges through the formation of flux-closure [7-11] domains that evolve into vortex-like structures at the nanoscale [12-14]. Interestingly, while ferroelectricity is known to couple strongly to strain (both homogeneous [15] and inhomogeneous [16, 17]), the effect of mechanical constraints [18] on thin film nanoscale ferroelectrics has been comparatively less explored because of the relative paucity of strain patterns that can be implemented experimentally. Here we show that the stacking of freestanding ferroelectric perovskite layers with controlled twist angles opens an unprecedented opportunity to tailor these topological nanostructures in a way determined by the lateral strain modulation associated to the twisting. Interestingly, we find that a peculiar pattern of polarization vortices emerges from a so far unreported reciprocal converse flexoelectric coupling of polarization gradients to strain, with an estimated magnitude that is typical of ferroelectric perovskites. This finding opens exciting opportunities to create two-dimensional high density vortex crystals that would allow us to explore novel physical effects and functionalities.
Structure-based drug repurposing to inhibit the replication-associated essential protein DnaG of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Authors: Ali Waseem , Jamal Salma , Gangwar Rishabh , Ahmed Faraz , Agarwal Meetu , Sheikh Javaid Ahmad , Grover Sonam 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), the etiological agent of Tuberculosis (TB), is the second leading cause of mortality after COVID-19, with a global death toll of 1.5 million in 2020. The escalating cases of drug-resistant TB are further worsening the current situation and making TB treatment extremely challenging. Thus, it is crucial to look for new anti-TB drugs with novel mechanisms of action and high efficacy. The DnaG of M.tb replication machinery is an essential protein for pathogen survival. Also, its imperative primase activity and lack of structural homology to human proteins, make it a possible target for drug development.
Methods: In this presented study, using a computational structure-based drug repurposing approach, Food and drug administration (FDA) approved drugs were virtually screened against M.tb DnaG to identify potential inhibitors. Five drugs viz. Caspofungin, Doxorubicin, Mitoxantrone, Vapreotide, and Zanamivir showed higher molecular docking scores. Further RMSD, RMSF, Rg, SASA, H-bond, and PCA analysis of these drugs and DnaG complexes.
Alamar Blue Assay further evaluated the anti-TB activity of these drugs in vitro using H37Ra and H37Rv M.tb strains.
Results: The top results for DnaG binding included several FDA-approved drugs, out of which five were selected and subjected to Molecular dynamic simulation and displayed their high binding affinity, stable interaction, more compactness, and reduced atomic motion. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Doxorubicin, Mitoxantrone, and Vapreotide were detected in the range of 0.19-25 µg/ml for both H37Ra, and H37Rv, respectively.
Conclusions: Our findings from the study present potential repurposed drug candidates that target DnaG and inhibit M.tb survival. Thorough investigations of these compounds may lead to the discovery of new anti-TB therapeutics.
The expression and clinical significance of C1orf106 in low-grade serous ovarian cancer
Authors: Song Feifei , Chen Xiaojing , Zhou Caiyun , Cheng Xiaodong 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Low-grade serous ovarian cancer is a rare subtype of ovarian cancer and lack of large-scale systematic studies worldwide.This study is aimed to select the target gene and figure out the expression and clinical significance of it in low-grade serous ovarian cancer.
Methods and Results
The mRNA data was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), then the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between cancer and normal tissue were screened out by R software. Under comprehensive consideration, C1orf106 was chosen as our target gene based on the significant |logFC|, known molecular function and research innovation. Immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR both showed that C1orf106 was highly expressed in tumor tissue. Contacted with clinical information, high-expression of C1orf106 was associated with lower Body Mass Index (< 25kg/m2) and no residual lesion. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that high-expression of C1orf106 was associated with better overall survival, but may not be correlated with progression-free survival. COX regression model indicated that C1orf106 was one of the prognostic factor for low-grade serous ovarian cancer, but not independently.
Conclusion
C1orf106 was highly expressed in low-grade serous ovarian cancer. High expression of C1orf106 indicated a better overall survival. Therefore, C1orf106 may be one of the biomarkers with diagnostic and prognostic value in low-grade serous ovarian cancer, but the precise mechanism still needs further research.
Autologous HER2-specific CAR T-cells after lymphodepletion for advanced sarcoma
Authors: Hegde Meenakshi , Navai Shoba , DeRenzo Christpher , Joseph Sujith , Sanber Khaled , Wu Meng-Fen , Janeway Katherine , Gad Ahmed , Campbell Matthew , Mullikin Dolores , Nawas Zeid , Robertson Catherine , Matthew Pretty , Zhang Huimin , Mehta Birju , Shree Ankita , Gerken Claudia , Kalra Mamta , Chakraborty Rikhia , Thakar Sachin , Dakhova Olga , Salsman Vita , Grilley Bambi , Lapteva Natasha , Gee Adrian , Dotti Gianpietro , Tao Wang , Hicks John , Brenner Malcolm , Heslop Helen , Wels Winfried , Gottschalk Stephen , Ahmed Nabil 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Purpose
To determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of autologous chimeric antigen receptor T cells (HER2-CART) after lymphodepletion and to describe the cellular kinetics, safety, feasibility of repeat treatment cycles, and antitumor activity of HER2-CART in patients with advanced sarcoma.
Patients and Methods
On this phase I study, 13 patients with progressive, metastatic HER2+ sarcoma were treated in 14 enrollments; one patient who achieved complete remission was re-enrolled because of disease recurrence. Lymphodepletion consisted of fludarabine (Flu) 25 mg/m2/dose x 5 days with or without cyclophosphamide (Cy) 30 mg/kg/dose x 2 days. The dose cohorts evaluated include 1x108 total T-cells/m2 after Flu (cohort A); 1x108 total T-cells/m2 after Flu/Cy (cohort B) and 1x108 CAR-positive T-cells/m2 after Flu/Cy (cohort C). The evaluation of safety was the primary endpoint. Secondary outcomes included assessment of cellular kinetics and antitumor activity.
Results
All study participants received at least one infusion of HER2-CART after lymphodepletion and were included in the analysis (median age 14 years; range 4-55 years). Seven received multiple HER2-CART infusions. CART expansion was observed after all but two of 21 total infusions given after lymphodepletion. Nine of 12 (75%) patients in cohorts A and B developed grade 1-2 CRS. Two patients in cohort C experienced dose limiting toxicity (DLT) with grade 3-4 CRS. All patients recovered from treatment-related adverse events during study follow-up. Median OS was 8.2 months (95% CI, 4.4-17 months). Antitumor activity was observed at the MTD (cohort B), with 1-year OS and PFS of 62.5% (95% CI, 22.9%-86.1%) and 33.3% (95% CI, 7.8-62.3%), respectively. Three patients remain alive, with one in long-term remission at the sixth year of follow-up. While infused CART products did not exhibit a distinct immunophenotype by sarcoma histology, we observed different trends in expression of immune checkpoints when compared by disease and by treatment response.
Conclusion and Relevance: Autologous HER2-CART can be infused safely after lymphodepletion in patients with progressive sarcoma, and the preliminary evidence of antitumor activity observed supports testing their efficacy in a phase II trial.
Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00902044
Design of a new four-dimensional chaotic system and its application to color image encryption
Authors: Yan Shaohui , Li Lin , Zhao Weilong , Gu Binxian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, a new four-dimensional chaotic system is constructed. Then, the dynamics of the phase diagram, Lyapunov exponent, bifurcation, and complexity of the system are investigated, the simulation circuit of the system is designed and the trajectory simulation of the system is implemented using a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) tests have verified the randomness of the output of the chaotic sequence by the system. Finally, a new color image encryption algorithm is designed based on this system. In the proposed algorithm, the plaintext information is used to generate the initial value of the system through a hashing algorithm, and the plaintext information is applied to the algorithm, reflecting the idea of algorithmic adaption. The bit-plane decomposition row dislocation breaks the strong correlation between pixels, and finally, the DNA encoding is combined with the diffusion method to complete the complete encryption process. Multiple security analysis methods show that the scheme has a good encryption effect.
Sacubitril/valsartan Ameliorates Cardiac Function and Ventricular Remodeling in CHF Rats via the Inhibition of the Tryptophan/Kynurenine Metabolism and inflammation
Authors: gan jiali , Wang Yuli , Deng Yun , Zhang Jiaqi , Wang Shuangcui , Jiang Xijuan , Guo Maojuan , Song Lili 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Sacubitril/valsartan has been highly recognized as a treatment for Chronic Heart Failure (CHF). Its potential cardioprotective benefits and mechanisms, however, remain to be explored. Metabolomics can be used to identify the metabolic characteristics and related markers, as well as the influence of drugs, thereby opening up new mechanism for sacubitril/valsartan therapy in CHF disease.
Methods
The ligation of left anterior descending and exhaustive swimming were used to induce a rat model of CHF after myocardial infarction. A four-week pharmacological intervention was undertaken with sacubitril/valsartan (2.3 mg/d, n = 9) or 0.9% saline (2 ml/d, n = 9). The efficacy was appraised with echocardiography, serum NT-proBNP, and histopathologica. UPLC-Q/TOF-MS combined with multivariate statistical analysis approach were used to analyze the effect of sacubitril/valsartan on CHF rats. RT-qPCR and western blot were performed to investigate the tryptophan/kynurenine metabolism pathway.
Results
The results showed that the basal cardiac functions of LVEF and LVFS were increased, while the serum NT-proBNP and collagen volume fraction decreased in CHF rats with sacubitril/valsartan. The result of metabolomics demonstrated that sacubitril/valsartan regulated the expression of kynurenine et.al 8 metabolomic biomarkers in CHF rats serum, and it contributed to the cardioprotective effects through tryptophan metabolism pathway. In addition, it was confirmed that the mRNA and protein expression of the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the first rate-limiting enzyme of tryptophan metabolism, in the myocardial tissue of CHF rats, were down-regulated by sacubitril/valsartan, which was the same with the IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, COX-2, and IL-6 mRNA expression, and IL-1β, IFN-γ, and TNF-α expression in serum.
Conclusion
Sacubitril/valsartan can ameliorate cardiac function and ventricular remodeling in CHF rats, at least in part through inhibiting the tryptoph
The effect of reappraisal on the emotional regulation of shame in young adults with ASD and typical peers
Authors: Gaziel-Guttman Meyrav , Anaki David , Mashal Nira 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Previous findings show that young adults with ASD experience shame in social interactions. These feelings, if poorly mishandled and regulated in a maladaptive manner, may interfere with their attempts to engage with their typical peers and build lasting relationships. One strategy that has been identified to improve shame regulation is cognitive reappraisal. The current study examined the effect of reappraising shame-arousing scenarios on the shame feelings of young adults with ASD and typical young adults.
Methods
Thirty-three Caucasian young adults diagnosed with ASD and 38 typical participants were shown shame-arousing pictures. They were instructed to imagine themselves as the primary character in each social shame scenario and to rate their feelings on a proud-to-shame rating scale. Then, they were trained on how to reappraise shame-arousing pictures less negatively. Finally, participants viewed different social shame photos, reappraised each, and rated their feelings. They stated aloud the new interpretation they came up with for each picture. The reported narratives were recorded on audiotape for later analysis. All participants were given questionnaires and cognitive tasks to assess ASD symptoms, non-verbal intelligence, and verbal abilities.
Results
We found a significant shame reduction after reappraising the images in both groups. However, qualitative analysis of these narratives revealed that the participants with ASD used significantly fewer narratives of positive social interactions. Instead, they provided more neutral and unrealistic descriptions than their typical peers.
Limitations:
Shame induction was manipulated, and ecological validity (as well as long-term effects of reappraisal) is yet to be determined. Participants provided their narratives only in the post-reappraisal stage, and additional measures of reappraisal manipulation are recommended.
Conclusions
These findings highlight shame-regulation abilities in individuals with ASD while pointing to their unique contents. Therefore, we recommend that clinical interventions of emotion regulation in ASD emphasize generating positive reappraisals of social situations.
Spectrum of Neurological Manifestations in Pediatric Patients with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) Linked to COVID-19
Authors: Mahmoud Nagwa M. Sabry , Khalil Ahmed F. M. , Raheem Moustafa M. Abdel 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Since December 2019, Covid-19 has resulted in high morbidity and mortality worldwide. MIS-C associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection led to serious and life-threatening illness in children causing severe multisystem inflammation. It presented with new neurological symptoms involving both the central and peripheral nervous systems. The aim is to evaluate the neurological manifestations in pediatric patients with MIS-C associated to COVID-19.
Aim
To evaluate the neurological manifestations in Pediatric Patients with Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) associated to COVID-19.
Methods
This cross section study included patients who were admitted to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) isolation unit at Minia University Hospital during the period from December 2020 to April 2022. The study included a total of 303 patients who were classified in to 3 groups; Group (I) (MIS-C, PCR positive), Group (II) (MIS-C, PCR negative), and Group (III) (Non-MIS-C, PCR positive).
Results
The respiratory, cardiovascular, hematologic and gastrointestinal symptoms were significantly greater among Group (II). Convulsions, DCL, Headache, and Weakness were significantly more demonstrated in Group (I) (19 (31.7%), 17 (28.3%), 17 (28.3%), and 15 (25.0%), respectively). While, drowsiness was significantly more demonstrated in Group (II) (41 (21.9%)). Lymphocytes (%) showed significant lower values in Group (I) and Group (II) (Mean ± SD is 18.9 ± 1.8(, compared to Group (III) (Mean ± SD is 21.4 ± 1.8), p-value < 0.01. D-dimer, CRP and S. Ferritin levels were significantly increased among Group (I) while albumin levels were significantly decreased in Group (I). Troponin levels were significantly increased in patients of Group (II). The majority of patients in the three studied groups showed abnormal Chest CT findings in the form of ground glass opacities (CO-RADS III). The percentage of non-survived patients was significantly increased in Group (I).
Conclusion
Pediatric patients with MIS-C and associated to COVID-19 presenting with neurological, respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and hematologic symptoms. The neurological manifestations could include convulsions, DCL, headache, and weakness.