bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Application of laser cable measuring systems in production
Authors: Ma Yue , Yue Mingkai , Li Hongda 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In order to meet the need of testing cable quality parameters during the production process and make the cable parameters reach the allowable error of the national standard, a design scheme of a laser cable measurement system is proposed. The laser cable measurement system consists of the laser measurement system and data processing system. With ARM as the core controller, the laser and linear CCD sensor are used for online detection and data processing of the cable outer diameter, and the cable outer diameter can be accurately measured without contact. The laser cable measurement system can be directly applied to the cable production line to measure the cable in real time. Under the working conditions of the production line, the system has a simple structure, high precision and good application prospect.
Design of strain sensors using highly entangled hydrogel: high resolution, large detection range, and low hysteresis
Authors: Zheng Haotian , Han Yuwei , Wang Zhigang , Li Wei , Lu Yifei , Zhang Shuwen , Jia Kun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Stretchable strain sensors with high performance are desirable for sports health monitoring, human-computer interaction, and soft machines. Sensors using polyacrylamide hydrogels with long chains have good stretchability and low hysteresis but limited resolution at small deformation. Here, we design stretchable strain sensors using highly entangled polyacrylamide hydrogels with high modulus and low hysteresis. The high modulus ensures the solid behavior of the material, making the elongation at small deformation detectable, and the resolution can be up to 0.2%. The sensor can measure the elongation of elastomers within the range of 200%. The change of relative resistance maintains low hysteresis and is repeatable over tests of 1000 cycles. The hydrogel sensor with water-retaining encapsulation exhibits electrical stability for a long time.
P … π Bonds in Complexes of C2H2 … PH2X (X = H, F, Cl, Br, I): Quantum Chemical Analysis
Authors: Luo Jun , Li Xiaofeng , Xiang Dingding , Zeng Chenglu , Dai Hongjing , Wu Dawang , Cao Maoqi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Non-covalent bonds take a strong in numerous chemical and biological phenomena, bringing them to the forefront of research. We studied the structure and interaction properties of C2H2 and PH2X using quantum chemistry following the Moller-Plesset method (MP2). The results showed that C2H2 and PH2X could form a stable complex (C2H2 … PH2X (X= H, F, Cl, Br, I)) of Cs symmetry. The halogen X was far away from the C2H2 molecule, and the P atom was not directly above the center of the C≡C bond. The molecular interaction energy of C2H2 … PH2X varied between -6.3 and -14.5 kJ/mol. This revealed the generation of a long-range weak interaction. Analysis of the interaction energy revealed that the substitution of halogen atoms promoted the formation of the complex (C2H2 … PH2X). The interaction energy of the complex decreased in the order F>Cl>Br>I, which was consistent with the change in electronegativity of the halogen atoms. Independent Gradient Model (IGM) analysis calculations showed that van der Waals interaction was the dominant weak interaction in C2H2 … PH2X. The symmetry-adapted perturbation theory (SAPT) was used to study the system, and the results revealed that the interactions in C2H2 … PH3, C2H2 … PH2I were primarily dispersive, and the interactions in C2H2 … PH2F, C2H2 … PH2Cl, C2H2 … PH2Br were primarily electrostatic.
In Situ SEM Compression Study on Micro-mechanical Behavior of Electron Beam Melted Ti-6Al-4V Alloy
Authors: Li Zhenkai , Yan Yabin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To investigate the mechanical properties of electron beam melted (EBM) Ti-6Al-4V alloy at the microscale, a series of in situ scanning electron microscope (SEM) compression experiments were performed in the current study. Firstly, a reconstruction of the original β phase of Ti-6Al-4V alloy was conducted using electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) analysis. Micro-pillars were subsequently fabricated with a diameter of 2 μm within the same original β phase grain, and yield strength was measured using an in-situ mechanical compression device. The mechanical response of each micro-pillar was found to vary, and potential reasons for this phenomenon were discussed, including the impact of α-phase and β-dispersion on the material’s mechanical properties. Moreover, a clear size effect was observed when comparing the yield strength of the bulk material. Furthermore, the plastic deformation behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy was also investigated through compression tests on the micro-pillars.
Construction of Graphene-Paper Flexible Pressure Sensor
Authors: Feng Yanqing , Sun Junhui , Zhang Guocai , Shen Yang , You Yong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Combining with flexible materials, two-dimensional nanomaterial graphene can effectively improve the mechanical and electrical properties of composites for flexible sensors, which has broad application prospects in health monitoring and human wearable devices. Here, we designed a sandwich paper-based flexible graphene sensor. The amplification and circuit were constructed to realize the acquisition and display of voltage signals caused by micro-strain to achieve the purpose of pulse signal detection. The qualitative and quantitative fabrication process parameters studies were conducted through experiments to make the sensor have high conductivity and sensitivity.
Reinforcing Poly (Metaphenylene Isophthalamide) Fibers by Cellulose Nanocrystal
Authors: Song Qingquan , Yu Junrong , Wang Yan 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Typical poly (metaphenylene isophthalamide) fibers exhibit excellent heat resistance and excellent flame retardancy but very poor breaking strength, which limits their diversified applications severely. Therefore, it becomes urgently important to develop new strategies to improve their breaking strength. In this regard, a new composite fiber was prepared by wet spinning through a blend solution of poly (metaphenylene isophthalamide) and cellulose nanocrystals. Poly (metaphenylene isophthalamide) composite fibers with excellent breaking strength blended with cellulose nanocrystals were prepared through a simple and scalable blending strategy. In contrast to the pristine poly (metaphenylene isophthalamide) fiber, its mechanical properties were significantly improved, such as maximum breaking strength of 4.89 cN/dtex, which is 86.8% higher than pristine poly (metaphenylene isophthalamide) fiber. This work provides a new way of thinking to fabricate high-performance poly (metaphenylene isophthalamide) fibers for high-tech applications.
Selective extraction of lithium from spent LiCoO2 cathodes by two-step calcination with ammonium chloride
Authors: Wei Dai-xiang , Wang Wei , Jiang Long-jin , Chang Zhi-dong , Dong Bin , Gao De-kun , Anwar Hira 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
This paper reported a strategy for selective lithium extraction from spent LiCoO2 (LCO) cathodes by two-step chlorination calcination combined with water-leaching. The feasibility of selective lithium extraction by two-step chlorination calcination was predicted by the thermodynamic analysis. The elements of Li and Co in the LiCoO2 cathode material were converted into water-soluble LiCl and CoCl2 respectively after pretreatment at 350 °C. Afterward, the generated CoCl2 reacted with the remaining LiCoO2 and converted into water-soluble LiCl and water-insoluble Co3O4 with temperatures increased. The results showed that 96.56% of the lithium can be recovered as LiCl and 95.23% Co in the form of Co3O4.
MPPT study of PV cells in complex environments
Authors: Zhou Haoran , Zhang Xiaohong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In operation, the solar power generating system’s output power from the photovoltaic array is sensitive to external conditions including light intensity and temperature, and displays typical non-linear characteristics. Hence, monitoring the maximum output power of PV cells in real time is necessary to guarantee that the maximum power output of PV cells is constantly maintained, enhancing the efficiency with which PV cells are used. Therefore, this paper is based on the immune algorithm, simulates that the biological immune system will be affected by the antigen infestation and produce resistance to carry out antigen recognition, memory, and other immune response reactions through MATLAB / Simulink simulation, and adopts the traditional perturbation observation method. The results of the simulation show that the Composite algorithm has the benefits of high tracking accuracy, fast tracking speed, stable tracking, and low false positives.
The effect of the degree of sulphenylation on the stability of reduced graphene oxide nanofluids
Authors: Wang Yi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Dispersion stability of nanoparticles in nanofluids is a prerequisite for allowing the nanofluids to act as convection heat transfer working fluids. This research prepared multiple types of sulfophenylated graphene (PSG) nanoparticles. Two samples subjected to different degrees of sulfophenylation were chosen to formulate different nanofluids with varying sulfophenylated particle concentrations. The nanofluids’ measured Zeta potential, electric conductivity, and thermal conductivity coefficients were used to investigate the stability. The research indicates the increase in the degree of sulfophenylation can improve the stability of nanofluids while exerting little influence on thermal conductivity; on the premise of ensuring stability, the number of nanoparticles added in base fluids can increase thermal conductivity. After that, high-sulfophenylated particle concentration nanofluids (2 mg/mL) were formulated using sulfonated-reduced graphene oxide (s-rGO) nanoparticles prepared to demonstrate excellent stability, and their thermal conductivity reached 0.773 W/m. K (55 °C).
Synthesis and application of mixed conductive and oxygen-permeable materials based on BaFeO3-δ
Authors: Shao Yan , Fu Zaiguo , Yuan Binxia , Lei Yanhua , Quan Changling , Zhu Qunzhi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Cobalt-free perovskite oxide BaFeo3-δ (BFO) exists in mixtures with various phase structures and exhibits poor oxygen ion conductivity, thereby limiting its application as a cathode material in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). In this study, the stabilization of a single cubic phase structure of BFO through doping with Gd at the A-site or Cu at the B-site and the lowest temperature required for the synthesis of such a structure are investigated. A large fraction of adsorbed oxygen atoms and a low valence state of Fe are found in BaFe0.9Cu0.1O3-δ, resulting in improved performance. Furthermore, the ideal sintering temperatures for Ba0.9Gd0.1FeO3-δ cathode and BaFe0.9Cu0.1O3-δ cathode are 900 °C and 850 °C, respectively. At 700 °C, the polarization resistance of the BaFe0.9Cu0.1O3-δ cathode is 0.439 Ω·cm2 and that of the Ba0.9Gd0.1FeO3-δ cathode is 0.545 Ω·cm2.
Design and preparation of carbon fiber, carbon particle doped C4H10O4 phase change thermal storage materials and performance
Authors: Chen Bingnan , Liu Jun 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
C4H10O4 is an environmentally friendly phase change material that can release high phase change enthalpy, but its high super-cooling degree and low thermal conductivity hinder its wide application. This paper adopted C4H10O4 as a phase change material, and the composite phase change material was prepared by melting and blending C4H10O4 with carbon fiber, carbon particles. The results indicate that the composite phase change material with 1.5% filler has better comprehensive properties. Compared with pure C4H10O4, 167% improvement in thermal conductivity, the under-cooling decreases by 42%, and 3% increase in enthalpy of phase change. FT-IR analysis shows that no new substances are produced, and TG analysis shows that the chemical stability is good. Heat storage/release analysis shows that the exothermic time reaches 4 hours, and the exothermic time is 5 °C higher.
Optimal scheduling of integrated energy systems with carbon and hydrogen storage based on IGDT
Authors: Qu Meining , Bai Di 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To deal with the uncertainties that the integrated energy system will encounter during operation, we propose an optimal scheduling strategy for the integrated energy system considering carbon and hydrogen storage. First, a comprehensive energy system containing a carbon capture system (CCS), power-to-gas technology (P2G), photothermal power station, and other equipment is established, and the combined operation of CCS and P2G is considered. Secondly, the carbon storage device and hydrogen storage device were respectively applied to the carbon capture system and P2G device, and the optimal scheduling model of the comprehensive energy system containing carbon storage and hydrogen storage was constructed. The operational constraints of the energy system will be integrated and the flexibility of the system will be improved. Finally, considering the dual uncertainties of the system source and load, a robust model and a chance model are constructed based on the Information Gap Decision Theory (IGDT). The economy of the real model and the influence of uncertainty on the whole system can be verified by close to real examples.
Facile Synthesis of Nitrogen Doped Porous Carbon Supported Platinum Catalyst and Improvement of Electrocatalytic Ethanol Performance
Authors: Ren Guohong , Chen Yuting , Liu Chunyu , Dong Xingzheng , Xu Yi , Chen Hong , Chen Qianqian , Shi Xiaohua , Liu Zhongsu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs) have become an alternative to traditional fossil fuels because of their low emissions, fast start-up and high energy density. Platinum (Pt)-based catalysts are the most effective catalysts for DEFCs, but their high cost and poor electrocatalytic performance hinder their practical application. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design Pt-based catalysts with low platinum content, high electrochemical activity and stability. Herein, nitrogen-doped porous carbon-loaded Pt catalysts (Pt@Co-CN) were prepared by in situ polymerization and high-temperature calcination using the metal-organic framework materials (MOFs) ZIF-8@ZIF-67 as the carriers. The effects of the addition of pyrrole monomer on the morphology and electrocatalytic properties of the samples were investigated. The sample with the complete coating layer and uniformly dispersed Pt nanoparticles (Pt@Co-CN) could be obtained by adding an appropriate amount of pyrrole monomer. The results of the electrochemical tests showed that the electrochemical activity of Pt@Co-CN catalytic ethanol is superior to that of commercial catalysts and samples with insufficient or excessive addition of pyrrole monomers. The content of this study provides a new method for the electrocatalyst of DEFCs.
The effect of the backfill on the integrity of a buried pipeline upon heavy-duty vehicle crossings
Authors: Gajdoš Ľ , Šperl M , Slížková Z , Drdlová M 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine stresses in the wall of a buried empty gas pipeline caused by the weight of backfill as well as by heavy-duty vehicles crossing the pipeline, and, on their basis to assess the applicability of protective sleeves. A buried pipeline with zero internal pressure of transported medium (empty pipeline) differs from an unburied pipeline by the vertical load due to the weight of the backfill which causes an ovalness of the circular cross section of the pipeline. This leads to the rise of through-wall bending stresses with the tensile stress at the outside surface at the 3 and 9 o´clock positions and compressive stress at the inside surface. At the 6 and 12 o´clock positions the stresses are tensile at the inside surface and compressive at the outside surface. The current depth of soil cover above gas pipelines is 0.5 m. For pipes DN500, t ~ 6.5 mm the through-wall bending stress is found to be σb ≈ ±10 MPa. In comparison with the yield stress of pipeline material, this stress is negligible. The situation is changed when heavy-duty vehicles cross the pipeline. For example, when a MAN truck with the mass load 3270 kg acting on a single wheel of the front axle crosses this pipeline, the pressure transmitted to the pipe will cause the through-wall bending stress σb ≈ ±76 MPa. This stress is superimposed to that of the backfill to give the total value ±86 MPa. When dead loads, imposed by backfill cover, together with live loads, caused by truck-wheel loads, are excessive a crushing of side walls of the pipeline and/or ring buckling of the pipe cross section can happen.
Accumulated dose implications from systematic dose-rate transients in gated treatments with Viewray MRIdian accelerators
Authors: Klavsen M F , Ankjærgaard C , Boye K , Behrens C P , Vogelius I R , Ehrbar S , Baumgartl M , Rippke C , Buchele C , Renkamp C K , Santurio G V , Andersen C E 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The combination of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and linear accelerators (linacs) into MR-Linacs enables continuous MR imaging and advanced gated treatments of patients. Previously, a dose-rate transient (∼8% reduced dose rate during the initial 0.5 s of each beam) was identified for a Viewray MRIdian MR-Linac (Klavsen et al 2022 Radiation Measurement 106759). Here, the dose-rate transient is studied in more detail at four linacs of the same type at different hospitals. The implications of dose-rate transients were examined for gated treatments. The dose-rate transients were investigated using dose-per pulse measurements with organic plastic scintillators in three experiments: (i) A gated treatment with the scintillator placed in a moving target in a dynamic phantom, (ii) a gated treatment with the same dynamic conditions but with the scintillator placed in a stationary target, and (iii) measurements in a water-equivalent material to examine beam quality deviations at a dose-per-pulse basis. Gated treatments (i) compared with non-gated treatments with a static target in the same setup showed a broadening of accumulated dose profiles due to motion (dose smearing). The linac with the largest dose-rate transient had a reduced accumulated dose of up to (3.1 ± 0.65) % in the center of the PTV due to the combined dose smearing and dose-rate transient effect. Dose-rate transients were found to vary between different machines. Two MR-Linacs showed initial dose-rate transients that could not be identified from conventional linearity tests. The source of the transients includes an initial change in photon fluence rate and an initial change in x-ray beam quality. For gated treatments, this caused a reduction of more than 1% dose delivered at the central part of the beam for the studied, cyclic-motion treatment plan. Quality assurance of this effect should be considered when gated treatment with the Viewray MRIdian is implemented clinically.
Fast assessment of the voltage stability using reconfigured power system network and artificial neural network approaches
Authors: Gupta Santosh Kumar , Mallik Sanjeev Kumar 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Planning and running power systems must take voltage stability into account. Instability is mostly caused by the power system’s failure to supply the demand for reactive power. The voltage stability margin must be understood by utilities if they are to operate the power system with the highest level of security and dependability. This paper uses reconfigured 12 bus, 10 bus, and 8-bus reconfigured networks of the interconnected IEEE 14 bus system to demonstrate the proposed quick method for assessing the voltage stability. The original (IEEE 14 bus) and the reconfigured (12 bus, 10 bus, and 8-bus) systems’ voltage stability has been evaluated using the line stability index indicators: fast voltage stability index (FVSI), line voltage stability index (LVSI), and line stability index (Lmn). Based on the maximum loadability factor, the contingencies for the original and reconfigured systems are ranked. The system loadability factor is used as the input parameter, and the LVSI, Lmn, and FVSI indices for the critical line under critical contingency are used as an output to train the ANN network. It has been found that there is no discernible difference between the actual (NR method) and predicted (ANN approach) output. For accessing the voltage stability of the IEEE 14 bus system by its reconfigured networks using the proposed approach, the computational time and error are very low, showing the effectiveness, rapidity, and accuracy of the suggested approach.
Diversity of free-living flatworms (Platyhelminthes) in Cuba
Authors: Diez Yander L , Sanjuan Claudia , Bosch Camila , Catalá Alejandro , Monnens Marlies , Curini-Galletti Marco , Artois Tom 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Cuban biodiversity is characterized by high species richness and endemism; however, free-living flatworms have been neglected in studies of the fauna of the archipelago. These animals constitute an essential component of marine and freshwater ecosystems as top predators and secondary producers. In this contribution, we provide the first comprehensive analysis of turbellarian diversity in Cuba based on a long-term sampling effort in marine, brackish, freshwater and terrestrial environments. We used observed and estimated species richness as indicators of alpha diversity. As a result, we have collected, for the first time, 279 species in Cuba, including 189 species of rhabdocoels, 33 species of polyclads, 21 species of macrostomorphs, 14 species of proseriates, 12 species of prolecithophorans, seven species of triclads and one representative each of Prorhynchida, Gnosonesimida and Bothrioplanida. At least 184 species (67%) are new to science. Fifty of these species have been recorded in published journal contributions. The remainder are pending formal identification and/or description. We demonstrate the turbellarian fauna of Cuba to be one of high diversity and endemism. Estimated species richness is much higher than that observed, exemplifying the taxonomic impediments and stressing the need for more intense sampling campaigns in the archipelago.
Burdened but Meaningful?: How Gender Role Attitudes Influence the Complex Links between Care-giver Self-Efficacy, Formal Support Utilisation and Benefit-Finding among Spousal Care-givers
Authors: Yan Zi , Zhang Jiyuan , Sun Xin 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
To foster family caregiving resilience, helping care-givers find benefits to further promoting care-giver and care-recipient well-being has emerged as an efficacious intervention in geriatric social work practice. This cross-sectional mixed-methods study investigates how gender role attitudes influence the complex associations between care-giver self-efficacy, formal support utilisation and benefit-finding among spousal care-givers. A total of 210 spousal care-giver/care-recipient dyads from four Chinese cities participated in a survey from July to August 2021. The survey used the Positive Aspects of Caregiving Scale, Caregiver Task Inventory Scale and Gender Role Attitude Scale. Mediation and moderated mediation analysis found that care-giver self-efficacy partially mediated the path of the primary stressor and benefit-finding; formal support utilisation directly moderated the mediated pathways linking primary stressor, care-giver self-efficacy and benefit-finding; and gender role attitudes moderated these intersections. Qualitative analysis revealed that spousal care-givers with high self-efficacy, who used formal support services, and who had modern gender role attitudes found the most benefits in caregiving. The findings also suggested that professionals should recognise the influence of gender role attitudes in spousal caregiving and incorporate this understanding into the development of tailored psychoeducational interventions aimed at promoting care-giver well-being.