bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Pre‐clinical evaluation of APrevent® VOIS for unilateral vocal fold paralysis medialization
Authors: Ho Guan‐Min , Rast Jasmin , Hsieh Li‐Chun , Böttcher Arne , Meng Stefan , Reissig Lukas F. , Tzou Chieh‐Han , Hess Markus Maria , Schneider‐Stickler Berit , Jiang Jack , Lai Yin‐Ta , Yuan Sheng‐Po , Wang Ying‐Piao , Geyer Stefan H. , Weninger Wolfgang J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo evaluate the concept and efficacy of an adjustable implant (Prototype SH30: porcine implant and APrevent® VOIS: human concept) for treatment of unilateral vocal fold paralysis (UVFP) via in vivo mini‐pig studies, human computed tomographic (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) image analysis, ex‐vivo aerodynamic and acoustic analysis.MethodsFeasibility testing and prototype implantation were performed using in‐vivo UVFP porcine model (n = 8), followed by a dimensional finding study using CT and MR scans of larynges (n = 75) for modification of the implant prototypes. Acoustic and aerodynamic measurements were recorded on excised canine (n = 7) larynges with simulated UVFP before and after medialization with VOIS‐Implant.ResultsThe prototype showed in the in‐vivo UVFP porcine model an improved glottic closure from grade 6 incomplete closure to complete closure (n = 5), to grade 2 incomplete closure (n = 2) and grade 3 incomplete closure (n = 1). On human CT/MR scans the identification of the correct size was successful in 97.3% using the thyroid cartilage alar “distance S” as the only parameter, which is an important step towards procedure standardization and implant design. Results were confirmed with implantation in human laryngeal cadavers (n = 44). Measurements of the acoustic and aerodynamic effects after implantation showed a significant decreased phonation threshold pressure (p = .0187), phonation threshold flow (p = .0001) and phonation threshold power (p = .0046) on excised canine larynges with simulated UVFP. Percent jitter and percent shimmer decreased (p = .2976; p = .1771) but not significant.ConclusionsBased on the preclinical results four sizes, differing in medial length, implant width and expansion direction of silicone cushions, seem to be enough to satisfy laryngeal size variations. This concept is significantly effective in medializing UVFP and improving the aerodynamic and acoustic qualities of phonation as reported in a preliminary clinical outcome study with long‐term implantation.Level of EvidenceN/A
Caffeic acid, but not ferulic acid, inhibits macrophage pyroptosis by directly blocking gasdermin D activation
Authors: Liu Mingjiang , Liu Dandan , Yu Chenglong , Fan Hua hao , Zhao Xin , Wang Huiwen , Zhang Chi , Zhang Minxia , Bo Ruonan , He Shasha , Wang Xuerui , Jiang Hui , Guo Yuhong , Li Jingui , Xu Xiaolong , Liu Qingquan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRegulated pyroptosis is critical for pathogen elimination by inducing infected cell rupture and pro‐inflammatory cytokines secretion, while overwhelmed pyroptosis contributes to organ dysfunction and pathological inflammatory response. Caffeic acid (CA) and ferulic acid (FA) are both well‐known antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory phenolic acids, which resemble in chemical structure. Here we found that CA, but not FA, protects macrophages from both Nigericin‐induced canonical and cytosolic lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced non‐canonical pyroptosis and alleviates LPS‐induced mice sepsis. It significantly improved the survival of pyroptotic cells and LPS‐challenged mice and blocked proinflammatory cytokine secretion. The anti‐pyroptotic effect of CA is independent of its regulations in cellular lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial function, or pyroptosis‐associated gene transcription. Instead, CA arrests pyroptosis by directly associating with gasdermin D (GSDMD) and blocking its processing, resulting in reduced N‐GSDMD pore construction and less cellular content release. In LPS‐induced septic mice, CA inhibits GSDMD activation in peritoneal macrophages and reduces the serum levels of interleukin‐1β and tumor necrosis factor‐α as the known pyroptosis inhibitors, disulfiram and dimethyl fumarate. Collectively, these findings suggest that CA inhibits pyroptosis by targeting GSDMD and is a potential candidate for curbing the pyroptosis‐associated disease.
Obesogenic Diet Cycling Produces Graded Effects on Cognition and Microbiota Composition in Rats
Authors: Kendig Michael D. , Leigh Sarah‐Jane , Hasebe Kyoko , Kaakoush Nadeem O. , Westbrook R. Fred , Morris Margaret J. 
Published: April 2023

ScopeThe effects of diet cycling on cognition and fecal microbiota are not well understood.Method and ResultsAdult male Sprague‐Dawley rats were cycled between a high‐fat, high‐sugar “cafeteria” diet (Caf) and regular chow. The impairment in place recognition memory produced by 16 days of Caf diet was reduced by switching to chow for 11 but not 4 days. Next, rats received 16 days of Caf diet in 2, 4, 8, or 16‐day cycles, each separated by 4‐day chow cycles. Place recognition memory declined from baseline in all groups and was impaired in the 16‐ versus 2‐day group. Finally, rats received 24 days of Caf diet continuously or in 3‐day cycles separated by 2‐ or 4‐day chow cycles. Any Caf diet access impaired cognition and increased adiposity relative to controls, without altering hippocampal gene expression. Place recognition and adiposity were the strongest predictors of global microbiota composition. Overall, diets with higher Caf > chow ratios produced greater spatial memory impairments and larger shifts in gut microbiota species richness and beta diversity.ConclusionResults suggest that diet‐induced cognitive deficits worsen in proportion to unhealthy diet exposure, and that shifting to a healthy chow for at least a week is required for recovery under the conditions tested here.
Proliferation kinetics and mineralization properties of MC3T3‐E1 cells on whey protein isolate scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration
Authors: Dvora Mia , Warwick Paityn , Henry James E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe purpose of the study is to assess the influence of scaffold composition and properties on the cellular proliferation and scaffold mineralization on a whey protein isolate (WPI) scaffold. Scaffolds of varying concentrations of WPI, calcium chloride, and amylopectin are seeded with cells, and growth curves are constructed from cell density measurements following incubation. Non‐linear regression yields kinetic growth parameters which are compared for quantitative assessment of scaffold performance. Scaffolds show biocompatibility and the ability to sustain a culture for the length of the study. For up to 14 days, the data are well described by exponential growth. Thereafter, saturation behavior appears, and the data fit well to a sigmoidal model. The seeding efficiency improves with increasing WPI concentration, peaking at 5 mM CaCl2, and decreases with added amylopectin. The growth constant is almost independent of scaffold composition, with possible increases with added CaCl2 and amylopectin. The retardation constant is independent of composition. Scaffolds cultured in differentiation and mineralization conditions, shows development of a mineralized matrix both on acellular scaffold surfaces and in osteoblast cultures. The ability of the unmodified WPI gel surfaces to promote the growth and differentiation of a model preosteoblast provides valuable trends and concentration effects for further scaffold design.
Threatening sarcoma with combinational therapies: Magnetic hyperthermia using nanoparticles
Authors: Yazdanpanah Abolfazl , Ghaffari Maryam , Ahmadi Zarrin , Abrishamkar Amir Babak , Sattarzadeh Saem , Ramedani Arash , Arabyazdi Sahar , Moztarzadeh Fatollah 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDespite technical and fundamental progress in conventional cancer treatment methods, there still exists a vital need for more effective methods to address the current limitations in treatment. Combinational therapies are strategies suggested to enhance the chance of recurrence‐free and disease‐free survival in sarcomas. Among them magnetic hyperthermia has been attracting more and more attention for use in multimodal bone sarcoma treatment. The magnetic hyperthermia supposed to be non‐invasive, more tissue‐specific, and more effective in deep tissues. Magnetic nanoparticles and other active agents can be delivered through various drug delivery administrations to the tumor site and be heated remotely via alternating magnetic fields. Designing favorable drug delivery platforms that contain magnetic particles besides other anti‐tumor agents is a vital key in hyperthermia combinational therapies. Nanomaterials and nanotechnology have been widely engaged for designing efficient platforms in multimodal treatments. The purpose of this review is to discuss the latest designed magnetic nanoparticle platforms in hyperthermia combinational treatment in bone sarcoma.
Concurrent topology optimization of multiple components sharing partial design domain based on distance regularized parameterized level set method
Authors: Sheng Zhongqi , Hu Qunyi , Xie Yunpeng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this article, the distance regularized parameterized level set method (DRPLSM) is proposed, which introduces a specified energy functional into the level set equation as the distance regularization term. Geometric verification shows that the distance regularization scheme keeps the level set function near the structural boundary as an approximate signed distance function. Based on benchmark example of the cantilever beam, it is verified that the DRPLSM can avoid the re‐initialization of level set function in the optimization process and obtain smooth structural boundary. The DRPLSM is applied to multicomponent concurrent topology optimization with partially shared design domain for the first time. It makes the optimization results have smooth structural boundaries. The optimization objective of this algorithm is to minimize the structural compliance of all components. The sharing domain is divided into different design domains according to the strain energy of elements. The optimality of the proposed algorithm for partitioning the sharing domain is verified using the literature example with known optimal solutions. A symmetric structure example, a main and auxiliary optimization structure example and an example with design‐dependent boundary loads show that the proposed concurrent optimization algorithm has wide applicability.
A multi‐methods approach for assessing how conserving biodiversity interacts with other sustainable development goals in Nepal
Authors: Adhikari Biraj , Urbach Davnah , Chettri Nakul , Sharma Eklabya , Breu Thomas , Geschke Jonas , Fischer Markus , Prescott Graham W. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAchieving the sustainable development goals (SDGs) requires a context‐specific understanding of how actions to achieve one goal interact with others. We analyzed statistical data, and conducted online surveys and interviews with conservation professionals to understand how terrestrial conservation goals (SDG 15: Life on land) influence and are influenced by other goals in Nepal. Our findings suggest that SDG 15 synergized with economic growth (SDG 8), gender equality (SDG 5), water access (SDG 6), sustainable production and consumption (SDG 12), and climate action (SDG 13), but traded off with food security (SDG 2), energy access (SDG 7), poverty alleviation (SDG 1), and infrastructure development (SDG 9). Increased multi‐sectoral collaboration between conservation and development stakeholders is urgently needed to address the negative impacts of other goals on SDG 15. Additionally, conservation measures in Nepal can benefit from being more people‐focused, participatory, and contextualized to mitigate negative impacts on socioeconomic goals.
Towards robust and accurate estimates of the incubation time distribution, with focus on upper tail probabilities and SARS‐CoV‐2 infection
Authors: Arntzen Vera H. , Fiocco Marta , Leitzinger Nils , Geskus Ronald B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractQuarantine length for individuals who have been at risk for infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 has been based on estimates of the incubation time distribution. The time of infection is often not known exactly, yielding data with an interval censored time origin. We give a detailed account of the data structure, likelihood formulation and assumptions usually made in the literature: (i) the risk of infection is assumed constant on the exposure window and (ii) the incubation time follows a specific parametric distribution. The impact of these assumptions remains unclear, especially for the right tail of the distribution which informs quarantine policy. We quantified bias in percentiles by means of simulation studies that mimic reality as close as possible. If assumption (i) is not correct, then median and upper percentiles are affected similarly, whereas misspecification of the parametric approach (ii) mainly affects upper percentiles. The latter may yield considerable bias. We suggest a semiparametric method that provides more robust estimates without the need of a parametric choice. Additionally, we used a simulation study to evaluate a method that has been suggested if all infection times are left censored. It assumes that the width of the interval from infection to latest possible exposure follows a uniform distribution. This assumption gave biased results in the exponential phase of an outbreak. Our application to open source data suggests that focus should be on the level of information in the observations, as expressed by the width of exposure windows, rather than the number of observations.
Homochiral Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework with Defined Chiral Microenvironment for Electrochemical Enantioselective Recognition
Authors: Wu Ming‐Yang , Mo Ri‐Jian , Ding Xin‐Lei , Huang Li‐Qiu , Li Zhong‐Qiu , Xia Xing‐Hua 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe recognition and separation of chiral molecules with similar structure are of great industrial and biological importance. Development of highly efficient chiral recognition systems is crucial for the precise application of these chiral molecules. Herein, a homochiral zeolitic imidazolate frameworks (c‐ZIF) functionalized nanochannel device that exhibits an ideal platform for electrochemical enantioselective recognition is reported. Its distinct chiral binding cavity enables more sensitive discrimination of tryptophan (Trp) enantiomer pairs than other smaller chiral amino acids owing to its size matching to the target molecule. It is found that introducing neighboring aldehyde groups into the chiral cavity will result in an inferior chiral Trp recognition due to the decreased adsorption‐energy difference of D‐ and L‐Trp on the chiral sites. This study may provide an alternative strategy for designing efficient chiral recognition devices by utilizing the homochiral reticular materials and tailoring their chiral environments.
Less‐Coordinated Atomic Copper‐Dimer Boosted Carbon–Carbon Coupling During Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
Authors: Yang Kang , Sun Yuntong , Chen Sheng , Li Ming , Zheng Min , Ma Lushan , Fan Wenjun , Zheng Yao , Li Qiang , Duan Jingjing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis work reports a metal–organic framework (MOF) with less‐coordinated copper dimers, which displays excellent electrochemical CO2 reduction (eCO2RR) performance with an advantageous current density of 0.9 A cm−2 and a high Faradaic efficiency of 71% to C2 products. In comparison with MOF with Cu monomers that are present as Cu1O4 with a coordination number of 3.8 ± 0.2, Cu dimers exist as O3Cu1···Cu2O2 with a coordination number of 2.8 ± 0.1. In situ characterizations together with theoretical calculations reveal that two *CO intermediates are stably adsorbed on each site of less‐coordinated Cu dimers, which favors later dimerization via a key intermediate of *CH2CHO. The highly unsaturated dual‐atomic Cu provides large‐quantity and high‐quality actives sites for carbon–carbon coupling, achieving the optimal trade‐off between activity and selectivity of eCO2RR to C2 products.
Effect of Atmospheric Pressure Argon Plasma on Physicochemical, Structural and Rheological Properties of Sorghum Starch
Authors: Shokrollahi Fatemeh , Shahidi Fakhri , Varidi Mohammad Javad , Koocheki Arash , Sohbatzadeh Farshad , Motamedzadegan Ali 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNonthermal plasma is a physical method of starch modification. In this study, sorghum starch is subjected to dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) argon plasma at voltage levels of 21 and 29 kV for 1, 10, and 20 min. Plasma etching creates more pores on the surface of starch granules. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy shows that low intensity of plasma causes crosslinking of starch molecules, while longer time or higher voltage suppresses crosslinking and increases depolymerization. The plasma treatment of starch for 1 min decreases the clarity, while an increase in the time or voltage rises clarity. The swelling power of treated starch is higher than that of untreated one. By an increase in time or voltage, the solubility of untreated starch (16.95%) increases (up to 33.47%). After 1 min of treating starch, the viscosities of the paste increases, but then decreases with increases in voltage or time. According to the frequency sweep test, the gels of 1–21, 10–21, and 1–29 samples are stronger than those of the other samples and have greater complex viscosities than them. It can be concluded that DBD argon plasma can produce cross‐linked and depolymerized starch depending on different voltage and time of treatment.
Beyond sentence frames: Scaffolding emergent multilingual students' participation in science discourse
Authors: Alvarez Laura , Capitelli Sarah , Valdés Guadalupe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe discipline of science provides rich opportunities for language development as students engage collaboratively to investigate and make sense of compelling phenomena. Drawing from a design research study conducted in fifth grade classrooms, we describe how teachers can support emergent multilingual students' participation in science discourse. Attempts to support emergent multilingual students in content‐area discussions often emphasize the use of sentence stems and frames. However, we illustrate how an emphasis on sentence frames can interrupt students' collaborative sense‐making when students and teachers focus on language forms and correct written products rather than on the process of dialogic sense‐making. To move beyond sentence frames, we use transcripts to illustrate other more generative forms of scaffolding that support emergent multilingual students' participation in science discourse and disciplinary practices. We describe how teachers can ground discussion in hands‐on investigations, leverage multiple modalities for meaning making, and engage students in moving bidirectionally between writing and talk. These forms of scaffolding center emergent multilingual students in curricular design, rather than conceptualizing scaffolds as ancillary supports provided to certain students.
A Formal CHERI-C Semantics for Verification
Authors: Park Seung Hoon , Pai Rekha , Melham Tom 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCHERI-C extends the C programming language by adding hardware capabilities, ensuring a certain degree of memory safety while remaining efficient. Capabilities can also be employed for higher-level security measures, such as software compartmentalization, that have to be used correctly to achieve the desired security guarantees. As the extension changes the semantics of C, new theories and tooling are required to reason about CHERI-C code and verify correctness. In this work, we present a formal memory model that provides a memory semantics for CHERI-C programs. We present a generalised theory with rich properties suitable for verification and potentially other types of analyses. Our theory is backed by an Isabelle/HOL formalisation that also generates an OCaml executable instance of the memory model. The verified and extracted code is then used to instantiate the parametric Gillian program analysis framework, with which we can perform concrete execution of CHERI-C programs. The tool can run a CHERI-C test suite, demonstrating the correctness of our tool, and catch a good class of safety violations that the CHERI hardware might miss.
Make Flows Small Again: Revisiting the Flow Framework
Authors: Meyer Roland , Wies Thomas , Wolff Sebastian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe present a new flow framework for separation logic reasoning about programs that manipulate general graphs. The framework overcomes problems in earlier developments: it is based on standard fixed point theory, guarantees least flows, rules out vanishing flows, and has an easy to understand notion of footprint as needed for soundness of the frame rule. In addition, we present algorithms for automating the frame rule, which we evaluate on graph updates extracted from linearizability proofs for concurrent data structures. The evaluation demonstrates that our algorithms help to automate key aspects of these proofs that have previously relied on user guidance or heuristics.
Optimal Stateless Model Checking for Causal Consistency
Authors: Abdulla Parosh , Atig Mohamed Faouzi , Krishna S. , Gupta Ashutosh , Tuppe Omkar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe present a framework for efficient stateless model checking (SMC) of concurrent programs under three prominent models of causal consistency, $${\texttt {CCv}}, {\texttt {CM}}, \texttt{CC}$$

CCv
,
CM
,
CC

. Our approach is based on exploring traces under the program order "Image missing" and the reads from "Image missing" relations. Our SMC algorithm is provably optimal in the sense that it explores each "Image missing" and "Image missing" relation exactly once. We have implemented our framework in a tool called Conschecker. Experiments show that Conschecker performs well in detecting anomalies in classical distributed databases benchmarks.
AutoHyper: Explicit-State Model Checking for HyperLTL
Authors: Beutner Raven , Finkbeiner Bernd 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHyperLTL is a temporal logic that can express hyperproperties, i.e., properties that relate multiple execution traces of a system. Such properties are becoming increasingly important and naturally occur, e.g., in information-flow control, robustness, mutation testing, path planning, and causality checking. Thus far, complete model checking tools for HyperLTL have been limited to alternation-free formulas, i.e., formulas that use only universal or only existential trace quantification. Properties involving quantifier alternations could only be handled in an incomplete way, i.e., the verification might fail even though the property holds. In this paper, we present , an explicit-state automata-based model checker that supports full HyperLTL and is complete for properties with arbitrary quantifier alternations. We show that language inclusion checks can be integrated into HyperLTL verification, which allows to benefit from a range of existing inclusion-checking tools. We evaluate on a broad set of benchmarks drawn from different areas in the literature and compare it with existing (incomplete) methods for HyperLTL verification.