bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Perioperative complications and outcomes following partial ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy in pet rabbits: 20 cases (2009‐2021)
Authors: Dobberstein R. E. A. , Brisson B. A. , McMillan S. , Oblak M. L. , Singh A. , Dutton C. J. , Zhang M. 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo investigate the perioperative complications and outcomes of rabbits undergoing partial ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy for treatment of chronic otitis.Materials and MethodsSurgical logbooks were searched to identify rabbits that underwent partial ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy between December 2009 and September 2021. Data collected included signalment, history, clinical signs, historical and current medical management, physical examination findings, preoperative diagnostic imaging and aural bacterial culture results, surgical procedure information, duration of hospitalisation, complications and final outcome.ResultsTwenty rabbits with chronic, medically unresponsive otitis underwent 27 partial ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomies. Ten rabbits had pre‐existing neurologic deficits and 17 had an ear base abscess at the time of surgery. A total of 13 (65%) rabbits developed at least one complication, either in the perioperative period or between discharge and recheck. Three of these rabbits (15%) underwent revision surgery for persistent or recurrent ear base abscess. Complete resolution of clinical signs ultimately occurred in 12 (60%) rabbits. Three (15%) rabbits showed improved but not completely resolved clinical signs (three facial asymmetry). Five (25%) rabbits died of causes potentially related to chronic otitis and/or partial ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy; two of these rabbits had undergone revision surgery.Clinical SignificanceAlthough this study reports a high complication rate (65%), most complications resolved, with 15 (75%) rabbits having a good to excellent final outcome. Since the majority of rabbits in this study had chronic and severe ear disease, further studies are required to determine if surgical intervention earlier in the disease process could result in a lower complication rate.
The Digitalization of Religion: Smartphone Use and Subjective Well‐Being during COVID‐19
Authors: Muralidharan Sidharth , La Ferle Carrie , Roth‐Cohen Osnat 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrevious findings indicate that smartphone use can decrease life satisfaction and can negatively impact religious or spiritual goals. But since the start of the COVID‐19 pandemic, smartphones have become significantly more positive and useful. Smartphones have helped people move on with their lives, especially due to the myriad benefits they offer. Users can “virtually” spend time with family and friends (i.e., social) and can order groceries, read the news, attend to religious and spiritual needs, and entertain themselves (i.e., process) without venturing out. In the theoretical framework of uses and gratifications, we explored the impact that smartphone use can have on the subjective well‐being of Jews and Christians, respectively, in countries with the highest smartphone penetration: Israel and the United States. Furthermore, we introduced religiosity and spirituality, which have surged during the pandemic, as mediators in the proposed model. In the United States, social and process smartphone use enhanced subjective well‐being through religiosity (vs. spirituality). In Israel, the process use enhanced subjective well‐being through spirituality (vs. religiosity). Theoretical implications are discussed.
Concurrent wasting and stunting among under‐five children in the context of Ethiopia: A generalised mixed‐effects modelling
Authors: Sahiledengle Biniyam , Agho Kingsley E. , Petrucka Pammla , Kumie Abera , Beressa Girma , Atlaw Daniel , Tekalegn Yohannes , Zenbaba Demisu , Desta Fikreab , Mwanri Lillian 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConcurrent wasting and stunting (WaSt) is a condition where both wasting and stunting exist in a child at the same time. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of WaSt and to identify potential associated factors in Ethiopia. A total of 33,650 children aged between 0 and 59 months were included in the analysis from the four waves of the Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey. A mixed‐effects logistic regression model was used to identify the determinants of WaSt. The prevalence of WaSt was found to be 4.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: (4.5–4.9)), with respectively 2.5% (95% CI: 2.1–3.1) and 4.9% (95% CI: 4.7–5.2) among children in urban and rural settings. Children: (i) in the age group 12–23 months (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 4.16, 95% CI: (3.20–5.42)) and 24–59 months (AOR: 3.08, 95% CI: (2.28–4.17)); (ii) who were perceived by their mothers to be smaller than normal at birth (AOR: 1.98, 95% CI: (1.57–2.50)); (iii) had diarrhoea (AOR: 1.38, 95% CI: (1.11–1.71)); and (iv) fever in the past 2 weeks (AOR: 1.38, 95% CI: (1.10–1.71)) reported higher odds of WaSt. Being a female child (AOR: 0.57, 95% CI: (0.48–0.69)), having received measles vaccination (AOR: 0.71, 95% CI: (0.55–0.89)), having a mother with a normal body mass index (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) (AOR: 0.57, 95% CI: (0.48–0.68)), having a wealthier household (AOR: 0.67, 95% CI: (0.50–0.90)), and living in rural setting (AOR: 0.49, 95% CI: (0.32–0.74)) were associated with reduced odds of WaSt. The prevalence of WaSt was high, with approximately 1 in 20 Ethiopian children suffering from the condition and needing a prompt response to minimize the poor health and developmental outcomes. Children perceived by their mother to be smaller than normal at birth, older children, and babies with diarrhoea and fever had higher odds of WaSt.
Evaluating the genetic consequences of population subdivision as it unfolds and how to best mitigate them: A rare story about koalas
Authors: Frère C. H. , O'Reilly G. D. , Strickland K. , Schultz A. , Hohwieler K. , Hanger J. , de Villiers D. , Cristescu R. , Powell D. , Sherwin W. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe genetic consequences of the subdivision of populations are regarded as significant to long‐term evolution, and research has shown that the scale and speed at which this is now occurring is critically reducing the adaptive potential of most species which inhabit human‐impacted landscapes. Here, we provide a rare and, to our knowledge, the first analysis of this process while it is happening and demonstrate a method of evaluating the effect of mitigation measures such as fauna crossings. We did this by using an extensive genetic data set collected from a koala population which was intensely monitored during the construction of linear transport infrastructure which resulted in the subdivision of their population. First, we found that both allelic richness and effective population size decreased through the process of population subdivision. Second, we predicted the extent to which genetic drift could impact genetic diversity over time and showed that after only 10 generations the resulting two subdivided populations could experience between 12% and 69% loss in genetic diversity. Lastly, using forward simulations we estimated that a minimum of eight koalas would need to disperse from each side of the subdivision per generation to maintain genetic connectivity close to zero but that 16 koalas would ensure that both genetic connectivity and diversity remained unchanged. These results have important consequences for the genetic management of species in human‐impacted landscapes by showing which genetic metrics are best to identify immediate loss in genetic diversity and how to evaluate the effectiveness of any mitigation measures.
Double‐ and triple‐duty actions in childhood for addressing the global syndemic of obesity, undernutrition, and climate change: A scoping review
Authors: Venegas Hargous Carolina , Strugnell Claudia , Allender Steven , Orellana Liliana , Corvalan Camila , Bell Colin 
Published: February 2023

SummaryObesity, undernutrition, and climate change constitute a global syndemic that disproportionately affects vulnerable populations, including children. Double‐ and triple‐duty actions that simultaneously address these pandemics are needed to prevent further health, economic, and environmental consequences. Evidence describing the implementation and evaluation of such actions is lacking. This review summarized the literature on whole‐of‐population actions targeting children that were designed or adapted to be double or triple duty. Six academic databases were searched (January 2015–March 2021) using terms related to ‘children’, ‘intervention’, ‘nutrition’, ‘physical activity’, and ‘climate change’. Data were extracted from 43/15,475 studies, including six randomized controlled trials. Most (58%) described triple‐duty actions targeting food systems in schools such as implementing guidelines for healthier and environmentally sustainable school meals programs, and 51% reported engaging community in the design, implementation, and/or evaluation of actions. Changes in dietary intake, diet composition, greenhouse gas emissions, and food waste were the most frequently reported outcomes and 21 studies (three randomized controlled trials) showed positive double‐ or triple‐duty effects. This review is the first to demonstrate that double‐ and triple‐duty actions for addressing the global syndemic in childhood have been implemented and can have a positive impact on obesity, undernutrition, and climate change.
Dermoscopy features of infantile perianal pyramidal protrusion
Authors: Di Bartolomeo Luca , Borgia Francesco , Pedaci Fausto Andrea , Li Pomi Federica , Vaccaro Mario , Filippeschi Cesare , Guarneri Fabrizio , Oranges Teresa 
Published: February 2023

AbstractInfantile perianal pyramidal protrusion (IPPP) is a benign condition generally noted in childhood but may persist for several years. Dermoscopy may help to distinguish it from other conditions, particularly genital warts. We report six cases of IPPP and describe the dermoscopic features that will distinguish these lesions from verrucae.
Dynamic changes of 3′UTR length during oocyte‐to‐zygote transition of in vitro pig embryos
Authors: Zhao Han , Wu Zi‐Wei , Zhang Rong , Wang Yi , Du Zhi‐Qiang , Yang Cai‐Xia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlternative polyadenylation (APA) generates different 3′‐untranslated regions (3′UTRs) to regulate gene expression and localization, and affects a variety of biological processes. Here, we characterized the 3′UTR dynamics during the oocyte‐to‐zygote transition by analysing our previously reported porcine single‐cell RNA‐seq (scRNA‐seq) datasets (in vitro matured metaphase II (MII) oocytes, in vitro fertilized zygotes (IVF1) and parthenogenetically activated 1‐cell embryos (PA1)). After IVF1 versus MII comparison, dynamic analyses of APA from RNA‐seq (DaPars) method identified 139 mRNAs with significantly different 3′UTRs (padj. ≤ .05), mainly enriched in cell cycle, regulation of cyclin‐dependent protein kinase activity, histone modification, mRNA surveillance, and regulation of actin cytoskeleton. For PA1 versus MII comparison, 105 mRNAs with significantly different 3′UTRs (padj. ≤ .05) were identified to be mainly enriched in intracellular transport, mitotic spindle organization, cell cycle, pyruvate metabolism and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis. Furthermore, there were 7 mRNAs with more significant 3′UTR differences (|△PDUI| ≥ 0.45 and |log2[PDUI ratio]| ≥ 0.59) respectively in IVF1 versus MII (Lrp2bp, Mtfr2, Nhlrc2, Psip1, Smu1, Ssr1 and Wtap) and PA1 versus MII (Asf1b, Dimt1, Nap1l1, Ncoa4, Nudt21, Pnn and Rpl15) comparisons. Integrative genomics viewer analysis further identified that 3′UTRs of Psip1, Smu1, Ssr1 and Wtap had more than 140 nt average length changes, whereas those of Dimt1, Nap1l1 and Rpl15 were shortened with more than 460 nt. Regulatory elements (PAS, CPE, microRNA binding sites and m6A sites) in 3′UTRs of different lengths were predicted. Our findings provide useful information to further investigate the molecular mechanism of 3′UTR in regulating the oocyte‐to‐zygote transition of pig embryos.
The effect of inspiratory muscle training and detraining on the respiratory metaboreflex
Authors: Chan Jason S. , Mann Leah M. , Doherty Connor J. , Angus Sarah A. , Thompson Benjamin P. , Devries Michaela C. , Hughson Richard L. , Dominelli Paolo B. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractRespiratory muscle training (RMT) improves respiratory muscle (RM) strength and attenuates the RM metaboreflex. However, the time course of muscle function loss after the absence of training or ‘detraining’ is less known and some evidence suggest the respiratory muscles atrophy faster than other muscles. We sought to determine the RM metaboreflex in response to 5 weeks of RMT and 5 weeks of detraining. An experimental group (2F, 6M; 26 ± 4years) completed 5 weeks of RMT and tibialis anterior (TA) training (each 5 days/week at 50% of maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and 50% maximal isometric force, respectively) followed by 5 weeks of no training (detraining) while a control group (1F, 7M; 24 ± 1years) underwent no intervention. Prior to training (PRE), post‐training (POST) and post‐detraining (DETR), all participants underwent a loaded breathing task (LBT) to failure (60% MIP) while heart rate and mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) were measured. Five weeks of training increased RM (18 ± 9%, P < 0.001) and TA (+34 ± 19%, P < 0.001) strength and both remained elevated after 5 weeks of detraining (MIP‐POST vs. MIP‐DETR: 154 ± 31 vs. 153 ± 28 cmH2O, respectively, P = 0.853; TA‐POST vs. TA‐DETR: 86 ± 19 vs. 85 ± 16 N, respectively, P = 0.982). However, the rise in MAP during LBT was attenuated POST (−11 ± 17%, P = 0.003) and DETR (−9 ± 9%, P = 0.007) during the iso‐time LBT. The control group had no change in MIP (P = 0.33), TA strength (P = 0.385), or iso‐time MAP (P = 0.867) during LBT across all time points. In conclusion, RM and TA have similar temporal strength gains and the attenuation of the respiratory muscle metaboreflex remains after 5 weeks of detraining.
Mixing in Low Reynolds Number Reacting Impinging Jets in Crossflow
Authors: Hubbard Joshua A. , Cheng Meng-Dawn , Domino Stefan P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrevious efforts to model uranyl fluoride formation in an impinging jet gas reactor underpredicted spatial mixing and overpredicted chemical conversion into particulates. The previous fluid dynamics model was based on the solution of the Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes equations. After simulating fluid dynamics, aerosol dynamics were superimposed onto CFD-simulated gas reactant species concentrations. The current work explores the influence of complex unsteady flow features on the overall flow physics and chemistry for a low Reynolds number, opposed flow, impinging jet gas reactor where there is a low Reynolds number cross flow. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of model formulation on scalar mixing and transport. Transient flow simulations were performed using Scale Resolving Simulations. Large-Eddy Simulations with the dynamic Smagorinsky turbulence model were performed along with simulations which directly resolved the flow. Average and root-mean-square (RMS) velocities and species concentrations were computed along with modeled and resolved turbulence kinetic energy (TKE), modeled turbulence dissipation, and modeled turbulent viscosity. Lagrangian flow tracers were also used to quantify species concentrations along path lines emanating from the jet tips. Transient simulation data were compared to results from RANS simulations using the k-ω shear stress transport (SST) model and Reynolds Stress Model (RSM). Transient simulations showed spatial mixing patterns which were more consistent with experimental data and helped elucidate the process of particle formation observed in experiments.
Acute Effects of Combined Lower-Body High-Intensity Interval Training and Upper-Body Strength Exercise on Explosive Strength Performance in Naturally Menstruating Women
Authors: Feuerbacher Joshua F. , Dragutinovic Boris , Jacobs Mats W. , Schumann Moritz 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: We aimed at investigating the acute effects of lower-body high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on upper- and lower-body explosive strength assessed by mean propulsive velocity (MPV) in naturally menstruating women. In addition, we assessed the combination of lower-body HIIT and squat, as well as lower-body HIIT and bench press, on bench press and squat MPV. Methods: Thirteen women (age: 23 [2] y, menstrual cycle length: 28.4 [2.0] d) completed 2 training modalities on separate days (separated by 30 [4.2] d) consisting of HIIT followed by lower-body (HIIT + LBS) or upper-body (HIIT + UBS) strength loading. Squat and bench press MPV were assessed before HIIT (T0), after HIIT (T1), after the strength loading (T2), and 24 hours postloading (T3). Results: Mixed factorial analysis of variance indicated a significant effect for time in bench press and squat (P < .001) but not for interaction. Pairwise comparison showed that bench press MPV remained unchanged (P = 1.000) at T1 but was reduced at T2 compared with T0 (HIIT + LBS: −8.2% [3.9%], HIIT + UBS: −13.8% [12.1%], P < .001) and T1 (HIIT + LBS: −7.1% [3.2%], HIIT + UBS: −12.7% [8.7%], P < .001). Squat MPV decreased at T1 (HIIT + LBS: −6.0% [8.8%], HIIT + UBS: −4.8% [5.4%], P = .009) and was found to be decreased at T2 compared with T0 in both conditions (HIIT + LBS: −6.9% [3.3%], HIIT + UBS: −7.4% [6.1%], P < .001) but not compared with T1 (P = 1.000). Bench press and squat MPV returned to baseline at T3 compared with T0 (P > .050). Conclusion: Lower- but not upper-body explosive strength was reduced by HIIT. HIIT combined with upper- or lower-body strength loading resulted in a reduction of squat and bench press explosive strength.
Carbon isotope and biostratigraphic evidence for an expanded Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum sedimentary record in the deep Gulf of Mexico
Authors: Vimpere Lucas , Spangenberg Jorge E. , Roige Marta , Adatte Thierry , De Kaenel Eric , Fildani Andrea , Clark Julian , Sahoo Swapan , Bowman Andrew , Sternai Pietro , Castelltort Sébastien 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this study, we present evidence of a Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) record within a 543-m-thick (1780 ft) deep-marine section in the Gulf of Mexico (GoM) using organic carbon stable isotopes and biostratigraphic constraints. We suggest that climate and tectonic perturbations in the upstream North American catchments can induce a substantial response in the downstream sectors of the Gulf Coastal Plain and ultimately in the GoM. This relationship is illustrated in the deep-water basin by (1) a high accommodation and deposition of a shale interval when coarse-grained terrigenous material was trapped upstream at the onset of the PETM, and (2) a considerable increase in sediment supply during the PETM, which is archived as a particularly thick sedimentary section in the deep-sea fans of the GoM basin. Despite other thick PETM sections being observed elsewhere in the world, the one described in this study links with a continental-scale paleo-drainage, which makes it of particular interest for paleoclimate and source-to-sink reconstructions.
Impact of a clinical pharmacist on optimising the quality use of medicines according to the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) secondary prevention guidelines and medication adherence following discharge in patients with ACS in Sri Lanka: a prospective non-randomised controlled trial study protocol
Authors: Bagyawantha Nanayakkara Muhandiramalaya Yasakal , Coombes Ian D , Gawarammana Indika , Fahim Mohamed 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesEnsuring quality use of medicines (QUM) through clinical pharmacy services can improve therapeutic outcomes of patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). The major objective of this study is to demonstrate the added value of a clinical pharmacist to the medical and nursing team providing care to patients with ACS on the continuation of quality use of the patients’ medicine after discharge.Study designThis protocol outlines a prospective, non-blinded, non-randomised, controlled interventional study.Study settingThe study will be conducted at the professorial medical wards of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Sri Lanka.ParticipantsSample size will be 746 patients in both control and intervention arms. Patients diagnosed with ACS who are 18 years old or above and expected to visit the hospital for their routine clinic follow-ups after discharge will be recruited and randomised 1:1 to either the intervention group or the control group. Patients who are diagnosed and suffering from psychological disorders will be excluded from this study.InterventionsThe planned interventions that will be delivered at discharge include review and optimisation of medications, assessing patient adherence and providing discharge medication counselling. Data will be collected at recruitment, 1 month, 3 months and 6 months’ time intervals in both groups. Improvement of patients’ medication adherence, reduction of hospital readmissions, reduction of drug-related problems, the attitude of doctors and nurses towards clinical pharmacy services and the cost-effectiveness of the clinical pharmacy services will be the major outcomes of this study.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval for this study has been obtained from the ethics review committee, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya (2019/EC/26) and the trial is registered at the Sri Lanka Clinical Trials Registry. The results of this study will be disseminated via conference proceedings, journal publications and thesis presentations.Trial registration numberSLCTR/2019/039.