bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Rethinking the nation and international relations: The space of nation states
Authors: Schmitz Andreas , Atkinson Will , Lebaron Frédéric 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEfforts to move sociology beyond the nation state and international relations theory have both been plagued by several limitations and dualisms. Recent research has begun to find ways beyond the problems by turning to Pierre Bourdieu's relational conception of social structure and practice. Yet one specific relational structure forming a key part of the puzzle has been neglected or merely implicitly assumed so far: the space of nation states. After clarifying the structural‐constructivist nature of this concept, we aim to specify it by constructing an empirical model of the contemporary space of nation states using a specially compiled dataset and tools of geometric data analysis. The analysis reveals the distribution of powers on the world scene, and more specifically, the uneven possession of two varieties of “meta‐capital” understood as capacities to regulate the value and exchangeability of certain capitals and to decree what even defines a legitimate “state”. We argue that the nation state, which is accurately understood as a contingent construct and well‐founded fiction from a Bourdieusian viewpoint, should not be excluded when analyzing the expression and reproduction of contemporary global power relations.
Growing a rural family physician workforce: The contributions of rural background and rural place of residency training
Authors: Patterson Davis G. , Shipman Scott A. , Pollack Samantha W. , Andrilla C. Holly A. , Schmitz David , Evans David V. , Peterson Lars E. , Longenecker Randall 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the distinct influences of rural background and rural residency training on rural practice choice among family physicians.Data Sources and Study SettingWe used a subset of The RTT Collaborative rural residency list and longitudinal data on family physicians from the American Board of Family Medicine National Graduate Survey (NGS; three cohorts, 2016–2018) and American Medical College Application Service (AMCAS).Study DesignWe conducted a logistic regression, computing predictive marginals to assess associations of background and residency location with physician practice location 3 years post‐residency.Data Collection/Extraction MethodsWe merged NGS data with residency type—rural or urban—and practice location with AMCAS data on rural background.Principal FindingsFamily physicians from a rural background were more likely to choose rural practice (39.2%, 95% CI = 35.8, 42.5) than those from an urban background (13.8%, 95% CI = 12.5, 15.0); 50.9% (95% CI = 43.0, 58.8) of trainees in rural residencies chose rural practice, compared with 18.0% (95% CI = 16.8, 19.2) of urban trainees.ConclusionsIncreasing rural programs for training residents from both rural and urban backgrounds, as well as recruiting more rural students to medical education, could increase the number of rural family physicians.
Effects of first‐line antidiabetic drugs on the improvement of arterial stiffness: A Bayesian network meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Jincheng , Wang Yuhan , Wang Yueheng , Li Yu , Zhang Jiamei , Zhang Han , Fu Xiaomin , Guo Zhiqin , Yang Ying , Kang Kaining , Zhang Wei , Tian Li , Wu Yanqiang , Xin Shuanli , Liu Hongzhou 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundChanges in vascular function are closely associated with the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a potential indicator of vascular dysfunction; it allows noninvasive assessment of arterial stiffness. Currently, evidence for the effects of different classes of antidiabetic drugs on arterial stiffness remains limited. In this study, a network meta‐analysis (NMA) was performed to explore the associations between changes in arterial stiffness and first‐line antidiabetic drugs by evaluating PWV in patients with different metabolic abnormalities.MethodsWe systematically searched several electronic databases for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published from inception until 25 August 2022, without language restrictions. The primary outcome was the change in PWV (ΔPWV) in all included studies; subgroup analysis was performed for patients with abnormal glucose metabolism, including prediabetes and diabetes mellitus. NMA was performed to calculate the mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) as effect sizes to evaluate the ΔPWV.ResultsAmong the 2257 candidate articles identified in the initial search, 18 RCTs were eventually included in the analysis. In all studies, two classes of new antidiabetic drugs, glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R) agonists and sSodium‐glucose co‐transporter 2 (SGLT‐2) inhibitors, improved arterial stiffness by decreasing PWV compared with placebo (MD = −1.11, 95% CI: −1.94 to 0.28) and (MD = −0.76, 95% CI: −1.45 to −0.08). A conventional antidiabetic drug, metformin, also showed similar efficacy compared with placebo (MD = −0.73, 95% CI: −1.33 to −0.12). Finally, in subgroup studies of patients with abnormal glucose metabolism diseases, GLP‐1R agonists (MD = −1.06, 95% CI: −2.05 to −0.10) significantly decreased PWV compared with placebo.ConclusionThree classes of antidiabetic drugs—GLP‐1R agonists, SGLT‐2 inhibitors, and metformin—have the potential to improve arterial stiffness. Among the six classes of antidiabetic drugs analyzed, GLP‐1R agonists constitute the only class of drugs that improves arterial stiffness in patients with abnormal glucose metabolism diseases.
The wrong kind of information
Authors: Kuvalekar Aditya , Ramos João , Schneider Johannes 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAgents, some with a bias, decide between undertaking a risky project and a safe alternative based on information about the project's efficiency. Only a part of that information is verifiable. Unbiased agents want to undertake only efficient projects, but biased agents want to undertake any project. If the project causes harm, a court examines the verifiable information, forms a belief about the agent's type, and decides the punishment. Tension arises between deterring inefficient projects and a chilling effect on using the unverifiable information. Improving the unverifiable information always increases overall efficiency, but improving the verifiable information may reduce efficiency.
Documenting Jordan's epigraphic heritage: Preliminary remarks on newly discovered Safaitic inscriptions
Authors: Al‐Manaser Ali 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis paper presents some of the new Safaitic inscriptions that were found in 2022 in one of the branches of Wādī al‐Khuḍarī, which is in al‐Ḥarrah approximately 35 km to the northwest of al‐Ruwayshed (H4). Two of these inscriptions bear an attestation for the verb ṣlb, meaning ‘to crucify’. This is the fourth appearance of that verb in Safaitic inscriptions. The verb is thoroughly discussed in this study since the topic of crucifixion in the context of Safaitic epigraphy is of particular interest and has been the subject of scholarly dispute. The present research also provides an explanation for some geographical terms that are used by local residents and researchers to refer to the locations of the inscriptions. Apart from the philological analysis of these selected texts, the paper presents an overview of the ‘Badia Epigraphic Surveys’ (BES) project, which was launched by Michael C. A. Macdonald and Ali Al‐Manaser in 2015, and aims to redocument the inscriptions and rock art from the Jordanian Ḥarrah region. As a part of this project, five survey seasons have been conducted so far. During these surveys, nearly 400,000 images from the Jordanian Badia were photographed. These include images of the inscriptions and images of the sites where the texts were found. Some of these images are a redocumentation of inscriptions that were previously reported by various researchers, and some of the images contain new inscriptions that will be added to the ‘Online Corpus of the Inscriptions of Ancient North Arabia’ (OCIANA) database. It is important to note that soon after the launch of the BES project, interest in the Jordanian Badia region began to increase, and many epigraphic and archaeological surveys have been conducted in this region. Furthermore, the Jordanian government has recently registered the Jordanian Ḥarrah region on the Tentative List of World Heritage.
An anatomical and volumetric study on brain ventricles in sheep using different techniques
Authors: Kose Fatma , Duzler Ayhan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis study investigated the morphological features of the ventricular system of the brain in Akkaraman sheep in a measured and structural manner. In the study, 24 adults male Akkaraman sheep, which is a common and hornless breed were used. Anatomical features of the ventricular system were determined by latex injection and dissection, acrylic injection and corrosion cast and magnetic resonance imaging. In the measurements, a precise digital calliper, Archimedes' principle, Cavalieri's principle and ITK‐SNAP imaging were used by comparing them with each other. The average weight of fresh sheep brains was 102 g (0.226 lb), the volume 115.8 mL and the length, height and width were 130.78, 40.58 and 70.08 mm, respectively. The olfactoric bulb contained a cavity associated with the lateral ventricle, large enough to be called a ventricle. The cavity of septum pellucidum has a large cavity was observed. However, there was no cerebrospinal fluid in this cavity. The interventricular foramen of the dissected brain was also an opening measuring 1.4 mm × 3.9 mm × 5.5 mm. The total volume of the ventricles of the brain of Akkaraman sheep was found to be 7107.71 ± 479, 7115 ± 737 and 7080 ± 647 mm3 and 6200 mm3 using the Planimetry, Point Counting method, ITK‐SNAP program, and Archimedes' principle, respectively. In the study, species and breed‐specific brain indices values and many detailed morphometric data were obtained.
Surgical management of necrotising enterocolitis in Sweden: A national cohort study
Authors: Svenningsson Anna , Borg Helena , Hagander Lars , Engstrand Lilja Helene 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimNecrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is the dominating surgical emergency in preterm neonates. The aims were to investigate indications, surgical management and mortality for surgically treated neonates with NEC.MethodsData were retrieved from the Swedish Neonatal Quality Register for Swedish neonates with surgically treated NEC from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2021. Diagnosis was validated by surgical records and histopathology. Neonates with isolated spontaneous intestinal perforation were excluded.ResultsIn total, 109 neonates were included. Median gestational age was 25 weeks (22–38), and median birth weight was 771 g (269–3920). Preoperative pneumoperitoneum was found in 32%, portal venous gas in 25% and clinical deterioration on conservative treatment in 26% of the neonates. Among the 97 neonates presenting with small bowel necrosis, single‐focal NEC occurred in 38 (39%), multifocal NEC in 35 (36%) and panintestinal NEC in 24 (25%). A primary anastomosis was performed in 10/87 (11%) of the neonates with bowel resection at primary surgery. Clip‐and‐drop technique was applied in 24/87 (28%).Mortality rate was 37%.ConclusionMortality was well comparable with earlier reports considering exclusion of spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) and the low gestational age of the study population. Resection of necrotic bowel with stoma formation was the dominating surgical method.
Skin‐to‐skin contact after birth: Developing a research and practice guideline
Authors: Brimdyr Kajsa , Stevens Jeni , Svensson Kristin , Blair Anna , Turner‐Maffei Cindy , Grady Julie , Bastarache Louise , al Alfy Abla , Crenshaw Jeannette T. , Giugliani Elsa Regina Justo , Ewald Uwe , Haider Rukhsana , Jonas Wibke , Kagawa Mike , Lilliesköld Siri , Maastrup Ragnhild , Sinclair Ravae , Swift Emma , Takahashi Yuki , Cadwell Karin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimSkin‐to‐skin contact immediately after birth is recognised as an evidence‐based best practice and an acknowledged contributor to improved short‐ and long‐term health outcomes including decreased infant mortality. However, the implementation and definition of skin‐to‐skin contact is inconsistent in both practice and research studies. This project utilised the World Health Organization guideline process to clarify best practice and improve the consistency of application.MethodsThe rigorous guideline development process combines a systematic review with acumen and judgement of experts with a wide range of credentials and experience.ResultsThe developed guideline received a strong recommendation from the Expert Panel. The result concluded that there was a high level of confidence in the evidence and that the practice is not resource intensive. Research gaps were identified and areas for continued work were delineated.ConclusionThe World Health Organization guideline development process reached the conclusion immediate, continuous, uninterrupted skin‐to‐skin contact should be the standard of care for all mothers and all babies (from 1000 g with experienced staff if assistance is needed), after all modes of birth. Delaying non‐essential routine care in favour of uninterrupted skin‐to‐skin contact after birth has been shown to be safe and allows for the progression of newborns through their instinctive behaviours.
Editorial: coeliac disease follow‐up guided by gluten immunogenic peptides—are we there yet?
Authors: Tye‐Din Jason A. 
Published: May 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Garzón‐Benavides et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17417 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17492
Letter: factors influencing discontinuation of aspirin in patients after gastrointestinal bleeding – authors' reply
Authors: Li Darrick K. , Laine Loren 
Published: May 2023

LINKED CONTENTThis article is linked to Li et al papers. To view these articles, visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17278 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.17500.
Robot‐assisted low anterior resection for a rectal cancer patient with ileal conduit: A case report
Authors: Yamamoto Daisuke , Kotake Masanori , Ishibayashi Kenichi , Fujimori Daisuke , Saito Hiroshi , Sawada Koichiro , Oshima Masahiro , Hayashi Hironori , Oyama Kaeko , Hara Takuo , Inaki Noriyuki 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSurgery for rectal cancer patients with an ileal conduit after total cystectomy is difficult because adhesions in the pelvis and around the ileal conduit are expected. In the present case, we performed robot‐assisted low anterior resection of the rectum in a 69‐year‐old male patient with rectal cancer who underwent ileal conduit diversion after total cystectomy. In this procedure, the port was inserted into the left upper abdomen as a first step, and two additional ports were added on the left side. Low anterior resection was performed using two left hands to create more space in the abdominal cavity for the ileal conduit. We present this minimally invasive robotic procedure that is extremely useful for dissection of adhesions in a narrow pelvic cavity.
Systematic review: Impact of parental decision on paediatric COVID‐19 vaccination
Authors: Garbin Artênio José Ísper , Chiba Erika Kiyoko , Garbin Cléa Adas Saliba , Chiba Fernando Yamamoto , Moimaz Suzely Adas Saliba , Saliba Tânia Adas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe objective was to carry out a systematic review on the acceptance of parents to vaccinate their children against COVID‐19 and the factors that contribute for vaccination hesitancy.MethodsThe Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Re‐ views and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the Patient, Intervention, Comparison and Outcome (PICO) strategy were followed. A search was carried out in the VHL Regional Portal, PubMed, Scielo, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus databases. We included articles that assessed the rate of acceptance and/or hesitation of parents and the factors that affect the decision about vaccination against COVID‐19 for their children in cross‐sectional studies. Laboratory studies, animal models, tests and case reports that elected other aspects related to COVID‐19 were excluded. The methodological quality of the studies was based on the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data, developed by the Joanna Briggs Institute.ResultsFrom the 708 articles found, 237 studies remained after removal of duplicates. Titles and abstracts of these publications were evaluated and, applying the exclusion criteria, 56 articles were selected. Inclusion criteria were employed and 28 studies were eligible. Overall average vaccination acceptance rate was 55.81%, and the main reasons for vaccine hesitancy were uncertainty of vaccine efficacy and safety, concerns about side effects, and lack of access to relevant information.ConclusionThe research results can be useful for the development of health education and parental awareness strategies in order to promote greater adherence to vaccination against COVID‐19.
Long‐term efficacy in patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma achieving a complete response with pixantrone
Authors: Cencini Emanuele , Rocco Melania , Ghio Francesco , Simonetti Federico , Cuccaro Annarosa , De Marco Federica , Consoli Chiara , Bocchia Monica , Fabbri Alberto 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIntroductionThe prognosis of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients with refractory or multiply relapsed (R/R) disease is disappointing. Pixantrone is currently approved as third or fourth line regimen, with encouraging results, even if long‐term follow‐up data are limited.MethodsIn this post‐hoc analysis of our observational study, we retrospectively investigated disease outcome and clinical characteristics of 16 R/R DLBCL patients who achieved a complete response with pixantrone.ResultsPixantrone was administered as third or fourth line in 12/16 (75%) and 4/16 (25%) cases. After a median follow‐up of 24 months, 14/16 patients (87.5%) were alive (causes of death were progressive disease and secondary acute myeloid leukemia, one case each). Median progression‐free survival was 23.8 months, median duration of response was 17.8 months and median overall survival (OS) was not reached (2‐years OS was 84%). A significant proportion of patients achieved a long‐lasting response >12 months (7/16 cases). Response to prior therapy did not influence long‐term remission after pixantrone.ConclusionIn this real‐life experience, pixantrone demonstrated long‐term efficacy in a cohort of R/R DLBCL cases who had previously received at least two prior regimens; many of whom had characteristics associated with poor prognosis.
Biogeographic context is related to local scale tree demography, co‐occurrence and functional differentiation
Authors: Swenson Nathan G. , Zambrano Jenny , Howe Robert , Wolf Amy 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIdentifying the drivers of community structure and dynamics is a major pursuit in ecology. Emphasis is typically placed on the importance of local scale interactions when attempting to explain these fundamental ecological patterns. However, regional scale phenomena are also important predictors. The importance of regional scale context should be more evident in assemblages where multiple species are close to their range margins. Here, we test the importance of regional scale context using data from a temperate forest plot that contains two species groups – one near its northern range limit and one near its southern range limit. We show the proximity of species to their southern or northern range margins is linked to local scale co‐occurrence, similarity in gene expression responses to a key environmental driver, demographic performance and inter‐specific variation in conspecific negative density dependence. In sum, many of the key local scale patterns and processes of interest to community ecologists are linked to biogeographic context that is frequently ignored.
Multifaceted effects of promotion focus on marital outcomes under mate value discrepancy
Authors: Lee Hanbyeol Esther , Kim Jeongwoo John , Cheon Jeong Eun , Kim Young‐Hoon 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aimed to examine the effects of promotion focus on the relationship between high mate value discrepancy (MVD) and marital satisfaction and alternative monitoring behavior.BackgroundMuch research has documented the detrimental effects of MVD on marriage. Nevertheless, little work has been devoted to investigating the individual differences within the negative relationship between MVD and marital outcomes.MethodIn all, 700 Korean participants (350 men and 350 women) were recruited for an online survey. The moderating effects of promotion focus on the relationship between MVD and (a) marital satisfaction and (b) alternative monitoring were tested. We computed MVD with three methodologies: absolute difference, weighted difference, and residual score.ResultsWhen confronted with a high MVD, highly promotion‐focused individuals were shown to maintain a more satisfactory marriage than did those low in promotion focus. At the same time, however, highly promotion‐focused individuals showed a greater tendency to engage in alternative monitoring behavior under high MVD.ConclusionPromotion focus could buffer the negative effects of MVD on marital satisfaction, but it could also exacerbate the detrimental effects of MVD on alternative monitoring behavior.ImplicationsUnderstanding one of the underlying reasons on seeking alternative romantic partners and how individuals differ in their chronic ways to be motivated can help counselors and family practitioners. The information helps tailor strategies to meet specific goals and directions that individuals have. This may, therefore, better guide couples to adjust their marital lives.
Mother–child relationships during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A longitudinal qualitative approach
Authors: Vaterlaus J. Mitchell , Patten Emily V. , Spruance Lori A. , Horton Tabitha , Brown Sydney 
Published: May 2023

AbstractGlobal crises have a disproportionate impact on women, and typical family life for mothers and children in the United States was disrupted by the COVID‐19 pandemic. This longitudinal qualitative study examined mothers' (n = 82) experiences in their mother–child relationships between March 2020 and April 2021 during the COVID‐19 pandemic. Participants completed open‐ended online survey items at both time points, while 22 participants also completed in‐depth interviews in April 2021. Three themes were identified through longitudinal qualitative analysis: (1) outside relationships and resources, (2) relational change and continuity, and (3) mother–child time. Results are discussed using Bronfenbrenner's Person, Process, Context, Time (PPCT) model.