bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Risk factors associated with recurrent febrile urinary tract infection in children with neurogenic bladder who perform clean intermittent catheterization
Authors: Zhou Guanglun , Jiang Man , Liu Xiaodong , Li Shoulin , Chen Jinjun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo identify the clinical and urodynamic risk factors associated with the development of recurrent febrile urinary tract infections (FUTIs) in children with neurogenic bladder (NB) who perform clean intermittent catheterization (CIC).MethodsChildren with NB receiving CIC were prospectively enrolled from January to December 2019 and followed up prospectively for 2 years. All data were compared between occasional (0–1 FUTI) and recurrent FUTIs (≥2 FUTI) groups. In addition, the risk factors for recurrent FUTIs in children were evaluated.ResultsComplete data from 321 children were analyzed. Occasional FUTIs occurred in 223 patients, and 98 patients experienced recurrent FUTIs. Univariate and multivariate analyses, showed late‐initiation and low‐frequency CIC, vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), small bladder capacity and low compliance, and detrusor overactivity were associated with an increased risk of recurrent FUTIs. Children with high‐grade VUR (grades IV‒V) had a higher risk of recurrent FUTIs than those with low‐grade VUR (grades I‒III) (odds ratio [OR]: 26.95 vs. OR: 4.78, p < 0.001).ConclusionsOur study suggests that late‐initiation and low‐frequency CIC, VUR, small bladder capacity and low compliance, and detrusor overactivity were associated with recurrent FUTIs in patients with NB. In addition, high‐grade VUR is a crucial risk factor for recurrent FUTIs.
Interprofessional implementation of the Global Malnutrition Composite Score quality measure
Authors: Bechtold Matthew L. , Nepple Kenneth G. , McCauley Sharon M. , Badaracco Christina , Malone Ainsley 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMalnutrition in hospitalized patients can impact health outcomes, quality of life, and health equity. Quality improvement initiatives and quality measurement can help improve the care of those hospitalized patients with malnutrition. The new Global Malnutrition Composite Score (GMCS) was recently adopted by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) as a health equity–focused measure. Beginning in 2024, the GMCS is available for reporting through the CMS Hospital Inpatient Quality Reporting Program. The GMCS provides an opportunity to elevate the importance of patient nutrition status and evidence‐based interventions throughout the interdisciplinary hospital decision‐making process. To promote this opportunity, the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) held an “Interprofessional implementation of the Global Malnutrition Composite Score” webinar as part of its 2022 Malnutrition Awareness Week programming. This article summarizes the underlying rationale and significance of the GMCS measure and showcases clinical observations about integrating quality improvement and measurement into the acute care setting, as presented during the webinar.
Exhaled aerosols and saliva droplets measured in time and 3D space: Quantification of pathogens flow rate applied to SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Roth Adrian , Stiti Mehdi , Frantz David , Corber Andrew , Berrocal Edouard 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSARS‐CoV‐2 and its ever‐emerging variants are spread from host‐to‐host via expelled respiratory aerosols and saliva droplets. Knowing the number of virions which are exhaled by a person requires precise measurements of the size, count, velocity and trajectory of the virus‐laden particles that are ejected directly from the mouth. These measurements are achieved in 3D, at 15,000 images/s, and are applied when speaking, yelling and coughing. In this study, 33 events have been analysed by post‐processing ∼500,000 images. Using these data, the flow rates of SARS‐CoV‐2 virions have been evaluated. At high concentrations, 107 virions/mL, it is found that 136–231 virions are ejected during a single cough, where the virion flow rate peak is capable of reaching 32 virions within a millisecond. This peak can reach tens of virions/ms when yelling but reduced to only a few virions/ms when speaking. At medium concentrations, ∼105 virions/mL, those results are hundreds of times lower. The total number of virions that are ejected when yelling at 110 dB, instead of speaking at 85 dB, increases by two‐ to threefold. From the measured data analysed in this article, the flow rate of other diseases, such as influenza, tuberculosis or measles, can also be estimated. As these data are openly accessible, they can be used by modellers for the simulation of saliva droplet transport and evaporation, allowing to further advance our understanding of airborne pathogen transmission.Key points
Advanced, optimized and combined laser‐based imaging techniques for temporally sizing and tracking respiratory droplets and aerosols.
Understanding how pathogens are being ejected from the mouth when speaking, yelling and coughing.
Quantifying and analysing the variation of SARS‐CoV‐2 flow rates emission during exhalation.
Integrated strategy for the screening of cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibitors from triterpenoid saponins in Clematis tangutica
Authors: Wei Yangfei , Chen Tao , Wang Shuo , Shen Cheng , Song Zhibo , Li Aijing , Li Hongmei , Li Yulin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIntroductionScreening of novel cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) inhibitors from complex natural products is not an easy task.ObjectivesTo establish an efficient and feasible strategy for screening COX‐2 inhibitors from triterpenoid saponins (TPSs) in Clematis tangutica.MethodsTaking TPSs in C. tangutica as example, an optimized macroporous resin (MR) method was established for the enrichment of TPSs. High‐performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (HPLC‐QTOFMS) was performed to establish the phytochemical profiling of TPSs. Molecular docking was performed to predict the ligand–target interactions and discover the active substances. Chemometric techniques were performed to visualize the structure–effect relationships. High‐speed countercurrent chromatography and preparative HPLC were performed to prepare the targets. In vitro activity experiment of COX‐2 was performed to verify the virtual screening results.ResultsTPSs in C. tangutica were well enriched with the recovery rate of (80.22 ± 2.37)%. Thirty‐four kinds of TPSs of oleanane type were deduced by HPLC‐QTOFMS. Five TPSs of clematangoside C, clematangoside D, clematangoticoside J, hederoside H1, and hederasaponin B showed stronger binding abilities with COX‐2. The structure with more sugar groups at C‐28 may be more conducive to the combination with COX‐2. Targets were prepared with purities all above 98%. The IC50 values of target TPSs were 6.03 ± 0.24, 12.44 ± 0.15, 9.36 ± 0.19, 4.78 ± 0.13, and 2.59 ± 0.11 μmol/L, respectively.ConclusionThe integrated strategy using MR, HPLC‐QTOFMS, molecular docking, chemometrics, target preparation, and in vitro verification was feasible for rapidly screening COX‐2 inhibitors from TPSs in C. tangutica.
The availability of attentional resources modulates the anger superiority effect
Authors: Gong Mingliang , Chen Yufei , Li Fanghui , Lin Zhen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIt is much debated whether there is an anger superiority effect (ASE) in the recognition of facial expressions. Recent research has shown that the attentional demand of a task plays a vital role in the emergence and magnitude of the ASE. However, only a visual crowding task was employed to manipulate attentional demands, and it is unclear whether the emergence and magnitude of the ASE was contingent on the availability of attentional resources in general. The present study employed a dual‐task paradigm to manipulate the availability of attentional resources for facial expression discrimination in which participants were instructed to perform a central letter discrimination task and a peripheral facial expression discrimination task concurrently. Experiment 1 showed an ASE in the dual task but no ASE was yielded when the facial expression discrimination task was performed alone. Experiment 2 replicated this finding and further demonstrated a gradual shift from no ASE to an attenuated ASE and finally to a strong ASE as attentional resources that were available for facial expression discrimination gradually became limited. Together, these results suggest that the emergence and magnitude of the ASE is modulated by the availability of attentional resources, which supports an Attentional Demands Modulation Hypothesis of the ASE.
Synthesis of CuO/g‐C3N4 Composite with High Anti‐Interference Ability for Enhanced Fenton‐Like Catalysis
Authors: Zhang Xiao‐Hui , Ye Xiao‐Yu , Zhou Hao‐Yu , Han Guo‐Zhi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe combination of semiconductors and transition metal compounds for Fenton‐like application has been widely reported. However, there are still some problems that can be further studied such as the optimization of metal species and in‐depth research of mechanism. In this paper, using melamine and copper acetate as raw materials, a kind of composite of copper oxide and graphitic carbon nitride (CuO/g‐C3N4) is synthesized by a facile hydrothermal method. The synthetic conditions such as type of transition metal salt and ratio of raw material are further optimized. With the presence of H2O2, the CuO/g‐C3N4 composite shows exceptional broad‐spectrum Fenton‐like catalytic performance against the organic dyes in aqueous solution within a wide pH range, and the highest degradation rate of organic dyes can reach 99% within 10 min. After eight times of recycling, the catalytic activity of the composite can still remain more than 85%. More importantly, the CuO/g‐C3N4 composite presented excellent anti‐interference ability toward heavy metal ions and complex pollutants. Finally, the enhanced Fenton‐like catalytic mechanism is illustrated in detail.
Computational design of N‐linked glycans for high throughput epitope profiling
Authors: Greisen Per Jr. , Yi Li , Zhou Rong , Zhou Jian , Johansson Eva , Dong Tiantang , Liu Haimo , Johnsen Laust B. , Lund Søren , Svensson L. Anders , Zhu Haisun , Thomas Nidhin , Yang Zhiru , Østergaard Henrik 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEfficient identification of epitopes is crucial for drug discovery and design as it enables the selection of optimal epitopes, expansion of lead antibody diversity, and verification of binding interface. Although high‐resolution low throughput methods like x‐ray crystallography can determine epitopes or protein–protein interactions accurately, they are time‐consuming and can only be applied to a limited number of complexes. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a rapid computational method that incorporates N‐linked glycans to mask epitopes or protein interaction surfaces, thereby providing a mapping of these regions. Using human coagulation factor IXa (fIXa) as a model system, we computationally screened 158 positions and expressed 98 variants to test experimentally for epitope mapping. We were able to delineate epitopes rapidly and reliably through the insertion of N‐linked glycans that efficiently disrupted binding in a site‐selective manner. To validate the efficacy of our method, we conducted ELISA experiments and high‐throughput yeast surface display assays. Furthermore, x‐ray crystallography was employed to verify the results, thereby recapitulating through the method of N‐linked glycans a coarse‐grained mapping of the epitope.
Machine vision safeguard assurance
Authors: Hodge Phillip 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith the drive for increasing automation, unstaffed facilities, and improved process safety performance, new technologies are needed to assure that safe operations are being maintained. While typical practice has been to include increasingly complex sensors, they face limitations, especially at the human–machine interface. The transitory nature of high‐risk work and the difficulty with adding sensors to workers can leave this critical work as a blind spot to engineered systems. As such, we often rely on administrative or procedural controls to ensure that safeguards are in place and work remains safe. With the advancements in artificial intelligence, objects and actions can be recognized and monitored by a simple camera. With sufficient visual data, a camera can be trained to perform observations currently done by humans. This frees humans from routine tasks to do more abstract work and reduces or eliminates human failure modes that can weaken a safety system. This paper will highlight the work being done by Chevron to implement machine vision. Several use cases across the oil and gas value chain will be provided, showcasing their potential to improve process safety performance. Lessons learned from deployment and future growth of the technology will also be discussed.
Emergency management capability evaluation of chemical parks based on PFDEMATEL‐G1 and PFTOPSIS
Authors: Zhang Jixin , Lang Xiaosong , You Qiuju , Jing Yilin , Shang Zeyi , Shi Minghao , Kang Jian 
Published: July 2023

AbstractConducting an evaluation of the emergency management capacity of the chemical park and implementing targeted improvements based on the assessment results can significantly enhance the emergency preparedness and response capabilities of both the management departments and enterprises. This article proposes an emergency management capability assessment model for chemical parks based on PFDEMATEL (the Pythagorean fuzzy decision‐making trial and evaluation laboratory)‐G1 (the ordinal relation method) and PFTOPSIS (the Pythagorean fuzzy set TOPSIS). Firstly, based on the four stages of emergency management of chemical parks, emergency prevention, emergency preparedness, emergency response, and emergency recovery, an index system for evaluating the emergency management capacity of chemical parks was established. Secondly, PFDEMATEL is used to modify the G1 method to determine the index weight, so as to realize the objective rationality of the G1 method empowerment. On this basis, an emergency management capability evaluation model of chemical park to improve PFTOPSIS is proposed. Finally, taking three chemical parks as examples, the applicability of the evaluation model is verified. The research results can provide a theoretical reference for the emergency management decision‐making of governments and enterprises, improve the status quo of emergency management, and improve the prevention and handling capabilities of emergencies.
Host plant recognition by two odorant‐binding proteins in Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)
Authors: Huang Ying , Hu Wei , Hou You‐Ming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDRhynchophorus ferrugineus, the red palm weevil (RPW), is a key pest that attacks many economically important palm species and that has evolved a sensitive and specific olfactory system to seek palm hosts. Odorant‐binding proteins (OBPs) not only play crucial roles in its olfactory perception process but are also important molecular targets for the development of new approaches for pest management.RESULTSAnalysis of the tissue expression profiles of RferOBP8 and RferOBP11 revealed that these two Rhynchophorus ferrugineus odorant binding proteins (RferOBPs) exhibited high expression in the antennae and showed sexual dimorphism. We analyzed the volatiles of seven host plants by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and screened 13 potential ligands by molecular docking. The binding affinity of two recombinant OBPs to aggregation pheromones and 13 palm odorants was tested by fluorescence competitive binding assays. The results revealed that eight tested palm volatiles and ferrugineol have high binding affinities with RferOBP8 or RferOBP11. Behavioral trials showed that these eight odor compounds could elicit an attraction response in adult RPW. RNA interference analysis indicated that the reduction in the expression levels of the two RferOBPs led to a decrease in behavioral responses to these volatiles.CONCLUSIONThese results suggest that RferOBP8 and RferOBP11 are involved in mediating the responses of RPW to palm volatiles and to aggregation pheromones and may play important roles in RPW host‐seeking. This study also provides a theoretical foundation for the promising application of novel molecular targets in the development of new behavioral interference strategies for RPW management in the future. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Effects of adjuvant berberine therapy on acute ischemic stroke: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Luo Dan , Yu Baili , Sun Shoukai , Chen Bonan , Harkare Harsh Vivek , Wang Longlong , Pan Jie , Huang Bin , Song Yang , Ma Tianhong , Shi Shihua 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe conducted a meta‐analysis to evaluate the clinical efficacy of berberine (BBR) in treating acute ischemic stroke (AIS), explore its anti‐inflammatory effects, and assess its potential applications for AIS patients. We comprehensively searched nine databases from inception until July 1, 2022, to identify clinical trials investigating the use of BBR in treating AIS. We performed statistical analyses using RevMan5.4 software and focused on primary outcomes such as inflammatory markers as well as secondary outcomes including immune system indicators, relevant biomarkers, carotid artery atherosclerosis, and adverse reactions. Our analysis included data from 17 clinical trials involving 1670 patients with AIS. Our results revealed that BBR in combination with conventional treatment significantly reduced levels of high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6), complement C3, hypoxic inducible factor‐1 α (HIF‐1α), cysteine protease‐3 (Caspase‐3), the national institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS), triglycerides (TG), low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL‐C), carotid intima‐media thickness (IMT), the number of unstable plaques, and carotid crouse score on ultrasound when compared with conventional treatment alone. Furthermore, combining BBR with conventional treatment may improve the overall effective rate. Therefore, our findings suggest that BBR can be used as an adjuvant therapy for AIS due to its ability to reduce inflammatory cytokine levels, providing a novel therapeutic option for AIS. However, larger randomized controlled trials are necessary to confirm these results.
Progress in release‐activated food packaging films
Authors: Chen Xiaohan , Ma Wenya , Hu Wenqing , Liu Zhuolin , Wang Hao , Chen Yunxia , Li Li 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo solve the problems caused by direct incorporation of preservation agents (PAs) such as antimicrobials and antioxidants into food, development and application of active packaging (AP) are being strongly promoted. According to the way of PAs applied, AP can be divided into immobilisation type and release type. In release AP, a long‐lasting and stable preservation effect can be achieved by adjusting the release rate of PAs. In this review, we focused on the effects of adjusting the multilayers, polymers, and nanocapsule and microcapsule structures of AP on the release mechanisms and applications of PAs. Release mathematical models based on food simulants have limitations in real food applications. Controlled release modifications often affect the properties of AP such as permeability and light transmission; by regulating the interaction between various factors, there is the potential to achieve a synergistic effect between controlled release and other packaging characteristics to maintain food quality.
Joint optimization of condition‐based maintenance and condition‐based reallocation for a system with multiple degrading components
Authors: Wang Jun , Yang Yating , Fu Yuqiang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCondition‐based maintenance has been studied for managing the degradation of components in a system. However, components in different positions may undergo different workload, leading to imbalanced components degradation. Component reallocation is an effective method to balance the degradation of components in different positions with different degradation rates. Thus, this paper investigates the joint optimization of condition‐based maintenance and condition‐based reallocation for a non‐repairable system with multiple identical and functionally‐exchangeable components that undergo different continuous degradation processes due to different workload. We model this problem through Markov decision process, which is solved by a dynamic programming algorithm, and the objective is to provide the optimal maintenance and reallocation actions exactly for each system state, that is, the joint optimal policy, to minimize the discounted long‐run total cost. Especially, our joint policy is on component‐level and proved to be optimal. Finally, the numerical analysis shows the structural insights and effectiveness of the proposed joint policy, for which the sensitivity analysis on the degradation parameters, setup cost, reallocation cost, and downtime cost is performed. We also propose a new reallocation strategy and show the results and computation time for systems with different scales, which indicates that our model can handle systems with reasonable size.
Integral passivity‐based control of underactuated mechanical systems with actuator dynamics and constant disturbances
Authors: Franco Enrico 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis work investigates the energy shaping control of a class of underactuated mechanical systems with first‐order actuator dynamics and subject to both matched and unmatched constant additive disturbances. To this end, a new nonlinear control law which includes two independent integral actions is presented. The controller design is outlined for systems with first‐order actuator dynamics, and also for systems with direct actuation. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated with numerical simulations on an inertia wheel pendulum and on a ball‐on‐beam system, both actuated by electric DC motors and subject to constant disturbances.
Strengthening the ‘bio’ in biome: Living river biomes as a concept to leverage public engagement for river health
Authors: Hawkins Elizabeth Ruby , Lankford Bruce Alistair 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis Perspective argues for an expansion of conventional concepts of river biomes to better encapsulate the emerging social understanding of ‘biomes’ as living systems with unique macro‐ and micro‐biotic ecological and biological signatures. We approach this by firstly examining recent interpretations of river biomes that have evolved from original zonal conceptions. We then postulate on the social/public understanding on ‘biomes’ through the popularity of two rich debates: human health via gut microbiomes and soil health via the soil microbiome. With these concepts in mind, we define the river biome as ‘A living flowing aquatic ecosystem, indicative of its environmental context, comprising unique biological, ecological, hydrologic and health characteristics that shape and are shaped by macro‐ and micro‐biotic signatures and functions’. With this definition the term river biome is more aligned with ideas of river health and ecosystem functioning, which we believe may evoke greater public understanding of rivers as complex living systems. Enhanced public understanding of complex natural systems should be encouraged as a means by which to propel policy, funding and research as well as to improve specialist to non‐specialist communication and relations.