bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bintrafusp Alfa: A Bifunctional Fusion Protein Targeting PD-L1 and TGF-β, in Patients with Pretreated Colorectal Cancer: Results from a Phase I Trial
Authors: Spira Alexander , Wertheim Michael S , Kim Edward J , Tan Benjamin , Lenz Heinz-Josef , Nikolinakos Petros , Rich Patricia L , Jehl Genevieve , Machl Andreas , Ito Rena , Gulley James L , Kopetz Scott 
Published: December 2022

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous and complex disease with limited treatment options. Targeting transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) and programmed death ligand 1 pathways may enhance antitumor efficacy. Bintrafusp alfa is a first-in-class bifunctional fusion protein composed of the extracellular domain of TGF-β receptor II (a TGF-β “trap”) fused to a human IgG1 monoclonal antibody blocking programmed cell death ligand 1. We report results from an expansion cohort of a phase I study (NCT02517398) in patients with heavily pretreated advanced CRC treated with bintrafusp alfa. As of May 15, 2020, 32 patients with advanced CRC had received bintrafusp alfa for a median duration of 7.1 weeks. The objective response rate was 3.1% and the disease control rate was 6.3% (1 partial response, 1 stable disease); 2 patients were not evaluable. The safety profile was consistent with previously reported data.
Acute postoperative pain impact trajectories and factors contributing to trajectory membership
Authors: Giordano Nicholas A , Kent Michael L , Kroma Raymond B , Rojas Winifred , Lindl Mary Jo , Lujan Eugenio , Buckenmaier Chester C , Highland Krista B 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Ongoing postoperative pain assessments are vital to optimizing pain management and attenuating the development of poor health outcomes after surgery. This study aimed to characterize acute multidimensional trajectories of pain impact on physical function, sleep, mood, and stress and to examine clinical characteristics and demographics associated with trajectory membership. Additionally, this study compared levels of pain intensity and prescription opioid use at 2 weeks and 1 month postoperatively across acute symptom trajectories.

Methods
Participants (N = 285) undergoing total knee arthroplasty, total hip arthroplasty, and spinal fusion procedures were recruited for this multisite prospective observational study. Longitudinal, joint k-means clustering was used to identify trajectories based on pain impact on activity, sleep, mood, and stress.

Results
Three distinct pain impact trajectories were observed: Low (33.7%), Improving (35.4%), and Persistently High (30.9%). Participants in the Persistently High impact trajectory reported pain interfering moderately to severely with activity, sleep, mood, and stress. Relative to other trajectories, the Persistently High impact trajectory was associated with greater postoperative pain at 1 month postoperatively. Preoperatively, participants in the Persistently High impact trajectory reported worse Pain Catastrophizing Scale scores and PROMIS Pain Interference, PROMIS Anxiety, and PROMIS Social Isolation scores than did participants presenting with other trajectories. No statistical differences in opioid use were observed across trajectories.

Conclusions
Variation in acute postoperative pain impact on activity, sleep, mood, and stress exists. Given the complex nature of patients’ postoperative pain experiences, understanding how psychosocial presentations acutely change throughout hospitalization could assist in guiding clinicians’ treatment choices and risk assessments.
Development of an in-vitro high-throughput screening system to identify modulators of genitalia development
Authors: Yin Yan , Haller Meade , Li Tian , Ma Liang 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Sexually dimorphic outgrowth and differentiation of the embryonic genital tubercles (GTs) give rise to the penis in males and the clitoris in females. Defects in androgen production or in response to androgen signaling can lead to various congenital penile anomalies in both mice and humans. Due to lack of a high-throughput screening system, identification of crucial regulators of GT sexual differentiation has been slow. To overcome this research barrier, we isolated embryonic GT mesenchymal (GTme) cells to model genitalia growth and differentiation in vitro. Using either a mechanical or fluorescence-activated cell sorting–assisted purification method, GTme cells were isolated and assayed for their proliferation using a microscopy and image analysis system, on a single cell level over time. Male and female GTme cells inherently exhibit different cellular dynamics, consistent with their in-vivo behaviors. This system allows for the rapid quantitative analyses of numerous drug treatments, and enables the discovery of potential genetic modulators of GT morphogenesis on a large scale. Using this system, we completed a 438-compound library screen and identified 82 kinase inhibitor hits. In mice, in-utero exposure to one such candidate kinase inhibitor, Cediranib, resulted in embryos with severe genitalia defects, especially in males. Gene silencing by RNAi was optimized in this system, laying the foundation for future larger-scale genetic screenings. These findings demonstrate the power of this novel high-throughput system to rapidly and successfully identify modulators of genitalia growth and differentiation, expanding the toolbox for the study of functional genomics and environmental factors.
Biological properties of self-assembled nanofibers of elastin-like block polypeptides for tissue-engineered vascular grafts: platelet inhibition, endothelial cell activation and smooth muscle cell maintenance
Authors: Natsume Kazuki , Nakamura Jin , Sato Kazuhide , Ohtsuki Chikara , Sugawara-Narutaki Ayae 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Strategic materials design is essential for the development of small-diameter, tissue-engineered vascular grafts. Self-assembled nanofibers of elastin-like polypeptides represent promising vascular graft components as they replicate the organized elastin structure of native blood vessels. Further, the bioactivity of nanofibers can be modified by the addition of functional peptide motifs. In the present study, we describe the development of a novel nanofiber-forming elastin-like polypeptide (ELP) with an arginine–glutamic acid–aspartic acid–valine (REDV) sequence. The biological characteristics of the REDV-modified ELP nanofibers relevant to applications in vascular grafting were compared to ELP without ligands for integrin, ELP with arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (RGD) sequence, collagen and cell culture glass. Among them, REDV-modified ELP nanofibers met the preferred biological properties for vascular graft materials, i.e. (i) inhibition of platelet adhesion and activation, (ii) endothelial cell adhesion and proliferation and (iii) maintenance of smooth muscle cells in a contractile phenotype to prevent cell overgrowth. The results indicate that REDV-modified ELP nanofibers represent promising candidates for the further development of small-diameter vascular grafts.
Model Selection Performance in Phylogenetic Comparative Methods Under Multivariate Ornstein–Uhlenbeck Models of Trait Evolution
Authors: Bartoszek Krzysztof , Fuentes-González Jesualdo , Mitov Venelin , Pienaar Jason , Piwczyński Marcin , Puchałka Radosław , Spalik Krzysztof , Voje Kjetil Lysne 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe advent of fast computational algorithms for phylogenetic comparative methods allows for considering multiple hypotheses concerning the co-adaptation of traits and also for studying if it is possible to distinguish between such models based on contemporary species measurements. Here we demonstrate how one can perform a study with multiple competing hypotheses using mvSLOUCH by analyzing two data sets, one concerning feeding styles and oral morphology in ungulates, and the other concerning fruit evolution in Ferula (Apiaceae). We also perform simulations to determine if it is possible to distinguish between various adaptive hypotheses. We find that Akaike’s information criterion corrected for small sample size has the ability to distinguish between most pairs of considered models. However, in some cases there seems to be bias towards Brownian motion or simpler Ornstein–Uhlenbeck models. We also find that measurement error and forcing the sign of the diagonal of the drift matrix for an Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process influences identifiability capabilities. It is a cliché that some models, despite being imperfect, are more useful than others. Nonetheless, having a much larger repertoire of models will surely lead to a better understanding of the natural world, as it will allow for dissecting in what ways they are wrong. [Adaptation; AICc; model selection; multivariate Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process; multivariate phylogenetic comparative methods; mvSLOUCH.]
Schistosomiasis mansoni and hydrographical conditions in São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
Authors: De Sousa dos Santos Sigrid , Chachá Silvana Gama Florencio , da Rocha Beatriz Correia , Spiller Katia Regina , de Toledo Carlos Fischer , Aníbal Fernanda de Freitas , de Avó Lucimar Retto da Silva , Luporini Rafael Luis , Cereda Junior Abimael , Melanda Edson Augusto 
Published: December 2022

ABSTRACTBackgroundIn Brazil, schistosomiasis mansoni cases still occur, even in non-endemic areas. This study aimed to evaluate schistosomiasis mansoni cases and to delimit water collections investigated for infested planorbidae in São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive study and spatial analysis of schistosomiasis mansoni cases notified in the city from January 2005 to December 2017 was conducted. The study used geographical information system software to map residential and leisure exposures to water courses and bodies and related them to planorbidae surveys of São Paulo state.ResultsDuring the study period, 32 cases were notified. The main forms were intestinal and hepatosplenic. Twenty-eight cases were allochthonous, two autochthonous and two indeterminate. Eleven patients (33.3%) had contact with water collections in São Carlos, mainly the 29 and Broa reservoirs. Three of them had contact only with water collections in the region. A third of cases lived in the Água Fria and Água Quente microbasins, highly impacted by the presence of domestic sewage, and the whole region seems to be colonized by Biomphalaria tenagophila.ConclusionsThe resolution of anthropogenic contamination of water bodies is crucial for controlling schistosomiasis mansoni autochthony in São Carlos.
La prise en compte du facteur temps dans l’arbitrage OHADA
Authors: Kamgaing Pierre-Claver 
Published: December 2022

Résumé
Le temps est devenu à la fois une composante et un critère d’évaluation de la qualité de la justice. De ce fait, les systèmes de règlement des différends les plus efficaces sont ceux qui sont capables de trancher les litiges dans un délai raisonnable. L’arbitrage, parce qu’elle se déroule au sein de l’État, ne se soustrait à l’exigence de célérité consacrée par plusieurs textes aussi bien à l’échelle internationale que nationale. En effet, si l’arbitrage a la longue réputation d’être plus rapide que la justice étatique, il arrive parfois que les procédures arbitrales s’éternisent, causant ainsi un préjudice aux justiciables. C’est la raison pour laquelle le législateur OHADA n’a eu de cesse d’améliorer le rapport de l’arbitrage au temps. Une illustration importante est donnée par l’Acte uniforme révisé, entré en vigueur le 23 février 2018, dont le but avoué est de favoriser la célérité de la procédure arbitrale. Cette loi encadre non seulement la marche de l’instance par de nombreux délais, mais elle consacre également le principe de loyauté processuelle. Partant de là, la prise en compte du facteur temps se traduit d’une part par l’encadrement du temps nécessaire à la résolution du différend et d’autre part par la lutte contre le temps perdu. La présente réflexion dresse ainsi le bilan de la mise en œuvre de l’objectif de célérité dans l’arbitrage OHADA et suggère d’éventuelles réformes.
It Is Up to Faculty: An Exploration of Registered Nurse-to-Bachelor of Science in Nursing Student Intent for Faculty Role
Authors: VanRiel Yolanda M. , Gazza Elizabeth A. , Phillips Beth Cusatis 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

AIM
The aim of this study was to explore registered nurse (RN)-to-bachelor of science in nursing (BSN) students’ intent to pursue a faculty role.

BACKGROUND
The nursing faculty shortage is predicted to worsen as faculty reach retirement age. The shortage affects enrollment into nursing programs because of lack of qualified faculty. Increasing the number of faculty available is critical to maintain nurses needed to care for citizens.

METHOD
Using a qualitative descriptive approach, RN-to-BSN students were asked about their intent to become faculty later in their career.

RESULTS
Eight RNs pursuing their BSN were interviewed. Five themes emerged from interviews: modeling the role, positive and negative; planting the seed; perceiving rather than knowing; seeing the light bulb go on; and weighing the pros and cons.

CONCLUSION
Nursing faculty can influence RN-to-BSN students’ intent to become faculty and can attract students to the role by conveying enthusiasm, being collegial, and maintaining clinical relevance.
Facilitators and Inhibitors of LPN-to-RN Student Transition: A Cross-Sectional National Survey
Authors: Cornine Amanda E. , Crawford Sybil L. , Sullivan-Bolyai Susan 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

AIM
The aim of the study was to describe the transition conditions (facilitators and inhibitors) encountered by licensed practical nurses in registered nurse educational programs (LPN-to-RN students).

BACKGROUND
LPN-to-RN students are important because they may increase diversity and numbers of RNs. However, no prior study has examined transition experiences of LPN-to-RN students across the United States.

METHOD
A cross-sectional survey of LPN-to-RN students was conducted using Meleis et al.’s transition theory.

RESULTS
Students (n = 873) from 131 nursing programs responded. The most common facilitators were personal motivation and believing the content taught was valuable; the most common inhibitors were juggling multiple responsibilities and personal stress levels. Several significant relationships between transition conditions and program/student characteristics were identified.

CONCLUSION
Faculty in LPN-to-RN programs can increase support for students by refining their own actions and addressing potential challenges when LPN and non-LPN nursing students share classes.
Self-Compassion and Resilience in a National Sample of Nursing Students Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Lancaster Rachelle , Englund Heather , Anibas Morgan , Vande Berg Cassidy 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Nationwide, nursing students experienced multiple interruptions in learning because of the pandemic. Little is known about the impact of COVID-19 on resilience and self-compassion. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to examine pandemic-related factors, resilience, and self-compassion using the Brief Resilience and Self-Compassion scales. The majority of participants (n = 259, 73.4 percent) described declining mental health. There was a moderate relationship between resilience, self-compassion, and age (r = .30, n = 353, p = .00/r = .290, n = 353, p < .01). Resilience and self-compassion are integral to student success. Strategies to support students’ mental and physical health are discussed.
Academic Productivity of Equity-Deserving Physician Scholars During COVID-19: A Scoping Review
Authors: Soklaridis Sophie , Black Georgia , LeBlanc Constance , MacKinnon Kinnon R. , Holroyd-Leduc Jayna , Clement Fiona , Schrewe Brett , Ross Heather J. , Calleja Sabine , Stergiopoulos Vicky , Taylor Valerie H. , Kuper Ayelet 
Published: December 2022

Purpose
The COVID-19 pandemic presented new barriers and exacerbated existing inequities for physician scholars. While COVID-19’s impact on academic productivity among women has received attention, the pandemic may have posed additional challenges for scholars from a wider range of equity-deserving groups, including those who hold multiple equity-deserving identities. To examine this concern, the authors conducted a scoping review of the literature through an intersectionality lens.

Method
The authors searched peer-reviewed literature published March 1, 2020, to December 16, 2021, in Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, and PubMed. The authors excluded studies not written in English and/or outside of academic medicine. From included studies, they extracted data regarding descriptions of how COVID-19 impacted academic productivity of equity-deserving physician scholars, analyses on the pandemic’s reported impact on productivity of physician scholars from equity-deserving groups, and strategies provided to reduce the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on academic productivity of physician scholars from equity-deserving groups.

Results
Of 11,587 unique articles, 44 met inclusion criteria, including 15 nonempirical studies and 29 empirical studies (22 bibliometrics studies, 6 surveys, and 1 qualitative study). All included articles focused on the gendered impact of the pandemic on academic productivity. The majority of their recommendations focused on how to alleviate the burden of the pandemic on women, particularly those in the early stages of their career and/or with children, without consideration of scholars who hold multiple and intersecting identities from a wider range of equity-deserving groups.

Conclusions
Findings indicate a lack of published literature on the pandemic’s impact on physician scholars from equity-deserving groups, including a lack of consideration of physician scholars who experience multiple forms of discrimination. Well-intentioned measures by academic institutions to reduce the impact on scholars may inadvertently risk reproducing and sustaining inequities that equity-deserving scholars faced during the pandemic.
Use of standardized letters of recommendation for orthopaedic surgery residency: a national survey study
Authors: Samade Richard , Kogan Monica , Porter Scott E. , Patt Joshua C. , Samora Julie B. 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Standardized letters of recommendation (SLORs) were introduced to facilitate the comparison of applicants for orthopaedic surgery residency positions, but concerns have arisen regarding the prevalence of their use and potential limitations.

Methods:
An 11-question electronic survey was sent to all letter of recommendation (LOR) authors and program coordinators who were identified as having completed or prepared a SLOR during the 2020 orthopaedic surgery residency match cycle. A total of 740 LOR authors and 218 program coordinators were invited via initial and reminder electronic mail messages.

Results:
The survey response rate was 18.1% for LOR authors and 25.2% for program coordinators. The proportion of LORs written that were SLORs significantly increased from prior to the 2020 match cycle to the 2020 match cycle (72.7% to 90.2%, ratio =1.240, P<0.001). There was not a significant increase in the proportion of LORs that were SLORs prepared by program coordinators (83.7% to 77.6%, ratio =0.927, P=0.375). A majority of LOR authors and program coordinators were aware of electronic (82.1% and 76.5%, respectively) and paper SLORs (91.0% and 88.2%, respectively).

Conclusions:
This study found that SLOR usage increased among LOR authors. However, a parallel increase in SLOR preparation was not reported by program coordinators.

Level of Evidence:
Level III
Assessing health literacy and subsequent implementation of an animated video to enhance understanding for patients with nephrolithiasis
Authors: Prabhu Anand , Bylund Jason , Bell John Roger , Bhalodi Amul , Harris Andrew 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
The use of visual aids to enhance patient learning is becoming increasingly common in medicine. Patients with a better understanding of surgical procedures tend to have better long-term outcomes due to the active seeking of help when complications occur postsurgery. We hypothesized that showing patients an animation of ureteroscopy with instructions on how to address potential complications would increase their understanding of the perioperative nature of ureteroscopy.

Methods and materials
Fifty patients were selected between May and August 2019. The group consisted of patients who had recently undergone ureteroscopy for nephrolithiasis or who would undergo ureteroscopy in the near future. Patients were given a prevideo assessment, followed by video and postvideo assessments. The prevideo and postvideo assessments were multiple choice and identical, except for 3 additional questions at the end of the postvideo assessment asking about patient opinions regarding the video. Patients were unaware that they would be completing a postvideo assessment until they had finished watching the video.

Results
When asked about the symptoms of a urinary tract infection postprocedure, 72% of patients answered incorrectly, with 58% choosing “go to the emergency department immediately,” in the prevideo assessment versus 6% in the postvideo assessment (p < 0.05). If bleeding was a possible side effect of the procedure, 20% versus 0% answered incorrectly (p < 0.05). When asked about stent placement after surgery, 6% versus 0% answered incorrectly. One hundred percent of patients in both assessments answered correctly that stones would be removed and a scope was inserted into the urethra. Ninety-four percent of patients noted the video was presented in a very clear way, 80% noted that the video increased their understanding of the procedure “a lot,” and 82% noted the video increased the quality of their visit “a lot.”

Conclusions
Using an animated video to explain ureteroscopy and laser lithotripsy is beneficial.