bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Psychosocial impact of pediatric alopecia areata: A survey study
Authors: Benton Sarah , Bellefeuille Gretchen , Rypka Katelyn , Nguyen Audrey , Raymond Ora , Gorbatenko‐Roth Kristina , Maguiness Sheilagh , Hordinsky Maria K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis study, which aimed to identify distress by sites of hair loss and psychosocial stressors for a pediatric alopecia areata population, enrolled 50 patients (32 females, 18 males, ages 7–17 years) from pediatric dermatology clinics, including a monthly hair disease clinic. Patients completed a 47‐question survey. Scalp hair loss was rated as often or always bothersome in 34.7%; eyebrow loss in 24.3%; and eyelash loss in 21.6%, and 6 patients (12%) discontinued a social activity due to hair loss. Referral to behavioral/mental health specialists should be considered to improve psychosocial outcomes.
Screening for polyomavirus nephropathy and viremia in children with renal transplantation
Authors: Hamed Radi , Al Maghrabi Mohammed , Kasem Mohammed F. , El Fekky Mohamed AbdelRaheem , Al Shami Al‐Anoud , Mohamed Nasreen H. , Sheyyab Ahmad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundPolyomavirus, known as BK virus, is an important cause of allograft dysfunction in renal transplant patients, leading to BK virus nephropathy. The main study objectives were to assess the disease incidence and disease course in pediatric patients, and assess the diagnostic accuracy of BK screening for asymptomatic patients.MethodsThis is a single‐center observational study, which included 81 pediatric renal allograft recipients that were transplanted and/or followed at King Fahad Specialist Hospital‐Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Screening for BK virus was performed prospectively according to a predetermined hospital protocol. Our BK screening protocol consisted of periodic quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction test in the plasma. In patients with deranged graft function, graft biopsies were evaluated for the presence of BK nephropathy.ResultsOur study detected BK viremia in 14 patients (17.3%), while BK nephropathy occurred in seven patients (8.6%). The onset of BK viremia had bimodal distribution, 78 percent occurring within first year post‐transplantation, while 21.4% occurred late.Patients who developed BK nephropathy had a higher BK level than BK viremia patients, for both mean and peak values (p = .02, p = .02). A BK cutoff level of 40 000 copies/mL showed sensitivity and specificity of 85.7%, 85.7%, respectively, in predicting the conversion of BK viremia to BK nephropathy.ConclusionsBK viremia and BK nephropathy occur in pediatric patients with similar incidence rates compared to adult patients. Protocolized screening led to early detection of viremia, and could predict the conversion of BK viremia to BK nephropathy and allow for early immunosuppression modulation.
Visual analytics for diagnosing spatial interpolation models
Authors: de Oliveira Bastos André , Santos Emanuele , Viana Darniton , Barbosa Luciano 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe development and widespread use of statistical learning models have brought the need for tools that help analysts diagnose, build, and refine those models. In this work, in particular, we focus on interpolation models, which spatially predict the value of a variable based on the values of its neighborhood. Investigating these results spatially or comparing them with other models at different levels of granularity is still a challenge for the analysts trying to understand and refine their models. To deal with that, we propose a visual analytics model‐agnostic tool for facilitating the comparison and refinement of spatial models at different levels of granularity using interactive visualization techniques. The tool was built in collaboration with specialists who used it to diagnose and improve a spatial model for predicting residential real estate prices.
The transcription factor MYC1 interacts with FIT to negatively regulate iron homeostasis in Arabidopsis thaliana
Authors: Song Hui , Geng Qingliu , Wu Xi , Hu Min , Ye Min , Yu Xin , Chen Yifan , Xu Jiena , Jiang Li , Cao Shuqing 
Published: February 2023

SUMMARYIron (Fe) is an indispensable trace mineral element for the normal growth of plants, and it is involved in different biological processes; Fe shortage in plants can induce chlorosis and yield loss. The objective of this research is to identify novel genes that participated in the regulation of Fe‐deficiency stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. A basic helix–loop–helix (bHLH) transcription factor (MYC1) was identified to be interacting with the FER‐LIKE IRON DEFICIENCY‐INDUCED TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR (FIT) using a yeast‐two‐hybrid assay. Transcript‐level analysis showed that there was a decrease in MYC1 expression in Arabidopsis to cope with Fe‐deficiency stress. Functional deficiency of MYC1 in Arabidopsis leads to an increase in Fe‐deficiency tolerance and Fe‐accumulation, whereas MYC1‐overexpressing plants have an enhanced sensitivity to Fe‐deficiency stress. Additionally, MYC1 inhibited the formation of FIT and bHLH38/39 heterodimers, which suppressed the expressed level for Fe acquisition genes FRO2 and IRT1 during Fe‐deficiency stress. These results showed that MYC1 functions as a negative modulator of the Fe‐deficiency stress response by inhibiting the formation of FIT and bHLH38/39 heterodimers, thereby suppressing the binding of FIT and bHLH38/39 heterodimers to the promoters of FRO2 and IRT1 to modulate Fe intake during Fe‐deficiency stress. Overall, the findings of this study elucidated the role of MYC1 in coping with Fe‐deficiency stress, and provided potential targets for the developing of crop varieties resistant to Fe‐deficiency stress.
Mass spectrometry‐based analysis on the impact of whole blood donation on the global plasma proteome
Authors: Kreft Iris C. , Hoogendijk Arie J. , van der Zwaan Carmen , van Alphen Floris P. J. , Boon‐Spijker Mariette , Prinsze Femmeke , Meijer Alexander B. , de Korte Dirk , van den Hurk Katja , van den Biggelaar Maartje 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundBiomonitoring may provide important insights into the impact of a whole blood donation for individual blood donors.Study Design and MethodsHere, we used unbiased mass spectrometry (MS)‐based proteomics to assess longitudinal changes in the global plasma proteome, after a single blood donation for new and regular donors. Subsequently, we compared plasma proteomes of 76 male and female whole blood donors, that were grouped based on their ferritin and hemoglobin (Hb) levels.ResultsThe longitudinal analysis showed limited changes in the plasma proteomes of new and regular donors after a whole blood donation during a 180‐day follow‐up period, apart from a significant short‐term decrease in fibronectin. No differences were observed in the plasma proteomes of donors with high versus low Hb and/or ferritin levels. Plasma proteins with the highest variation between and within donors included pregnancy zone protein, which was associated with sex, Alfa 1‐antitrypsin which was associated with the allelic variation, and Immunoglobulin D. Coexpression analysis revealed clustering of proteins that are associated with platelet, red cell, and neutrophil signatures as well as with the complement system and immune responses, including a prominent correlating cluster of immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin J chain (JCHAIN), and CD5 antigen‐like (CD5L).DiscussionOverall, our proteomic approach shows that whole blood donation has a limited impact on the plasma proteins measured. Our findings suggest that plasma profiling can be successfully employed to consistently detect proteins and protein complexes that reflect the functionality and integrity of platelets, red blood cells, and immune cells in blood donors and thus highlights its potential use for donor health monitoring.
Activation of Anterolateral Abdominal Muscles During Sling Bridge Exercises: Comparison of Different Pelvic Positions
Authors: Kim Seungmin , Salazar Fajardo Jhosedyn Carolaym , Yoon BumChul 
Published: February 2023

Context: Inappropriate activation of the anterolateral abdominal muscles affects the stability of the lumbopelvic zone and increases the appearance of pain and lesion in the area. Therefore, ways to improve its effective contraction are crucial in rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to compare the activation of the transverse abdominis (TrA), internal oblique (IO), and external oblique (EO) muscles in 3 different pelvic positions (down pelvis [DP], horizontal pelvis [HP], and up pelvis [UP]) during sling bridge exercise (SBE) to determinate which position is more effective to promote a correct contraction of the anterolateral abdominal muscles. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Fifteen participants performed 3 variations (DP, HP, and UP) of a one-legged exercise called “supine pelvic lift” on a sling device. The thicknesses of the TrA, IO, and EO were recorded at rest and at the 3 positions using ultrasound imaging. Thickness, change ratio, lateral slide of TrA, and preferential and contraction activation ratio of TrA, IO, and EO were analyzed. Results: TrA and IO showed greater activation (P = .01) in the UP position than the other pelvic positions. In addition, UP position decreased the activation of the EO (P = .01). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, SBE in the UP position has the potential to improve normal contraction patterns of the musculature and can be used in future intervention of the lumbopelvic zone.
Community mental health funding, stakeholder engagement and outcomes: a realist synthesis
Authors: Duncan Andrea , Stergiopoulos Vicky , Dainty Katie N , Wodchis Walter P , Kirst Maritt 
Published: February 2023

Mental health services continues to be a high priority for healthcare and social service systems. Funding structures within community mental health settings have shown to impact service providers’ behaviour and practices. Additionally, stakeholder engagement is suggested as an important mechanism to achieving the intended goals. However, the literature on community mental health funding reform and associated outcomes is inconsistent and there are no consistent best practices for stakeholder engagement in such efforts.ObjectivesThis study sought to understand how stakeholder engagement impacts outcomes when there is a change in public funding within community mental health settings.DesignA realist synthesis approach was used to address the research question to fully understand the role of stakeholder engagement as a mechanism in achieving outcomes (system and service user) in the context of community mental health service reform. An iterative process was used to identify programme theories and context–mechanism–outcome configurations within the literature.ResultsFindings highlight that in the absence of stakeholder engagement, funding changes may lead to negative outcomes. When stakeholders were engaged in some form, funding changes were more often associated with positive outcomes. Stakeholder engagement is multifaceted and requires considerable time and investment to support achieving intended outcomes when funding changes are implemented.ConclusionsTo support successful transformation of community mental health programmes, it is important that stakeholders are meaningfully engaged during funding allocation changes. Stakeholder engagement may entail connecting around a shared purpose, individual participation and meaningful interactions and dialogue.
Individual physical activity, neighbourhood active living environment and mental illness hospitalisation among adults with cardiometabolic disease: a Canadian population-based cohort analysis
Authors: Gupta Neeru , Crouse Dan Lawson , Miah Pablo , Takaro Tim 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesThis population-based observational study explores the associations between individual-level and neighbourhood-level indices of active living with inpatient mental healthcare use among adults with an underlying chronic cardiometabolic condition.Design and settingData from the 2013–2014 Canadian Community Health Survey were linked longitudinally to hospital records from the 2013/2014‒2017/2018 Discharge Abstract Database and to a geocoded measure of active living environments (ALE). Relationships between individuals’ leisure-time physical activity and neighbourhood ALE with risk of hospital admission for mental health disorders were assessed using multivariable Cox regressions.ParticipantsA national cohort was identified from the survey data of 24 960 respondents aged 35 years and above reporting having been diagnosed with diabetes, hypertension and/or heart disease.Outcome measurePotentially avoidable hospitalisation for a mood, anxiety or substance use disorder over a 5-year period.ResultsMore than half (52%) of adults aged 35 years and above with a cardiometabolic disease were physically inactive in their daily lives, and one-third (34%) resided in the least activity-friendly neighbourhoods. The rate of being hospitalised at least once for a comorbid mental disorder averaged 8.1 (95% CI: 7.0 to 9.3) per 1000 person-years of exposure. Individuals who were at least moderately active were half as likely to be hospitalised for a comorbid mental health problem compared with those who were inactive (HR: 0.50 (95% CI: 0.38 to 0.65)). No statistically discernible associations between neighbourhood ALE and hospitalisation risks were found after controlling for individuals’ behaviours and characteristics, including in separate models stratified by age group and by sex.ConclusionsThe evidence base to support prioritisation of interventions focusing on the built environment favouring mental health-promoting physical activity among higher-risk adults at the population level, independently of individual-level behaviours and characteristics, remains limited.
Religious disparities in health in Bangladesh–the case of hypertension and diabetes: evidence from two nationally representative cross-sectional surveys
Authors: Haider M Moinuddin , Kamal Nahid , Bashar Mamun Ibn , Rahman Md Mahabubur , Khan Shusmita Hossain , Alam Nurul 
Published: February 2023

ObjectivesReligious affiliation, beliefs, and practices shape lifestyles and disease risks. This study examined Hindu–Muslim differences in the prevalence and management of hypertension and diabetes in Bangladesh, a religiously plural country with 91% Muslims and 8% Hindus.Design, settings and participantsWe used the nationally representative 2011 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) and 2017–2018 BDHS data. The 2011 BDHS collected blood pressure (BP) data with an 89% response rate (RR) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) data (RR 85%) from household members aged 35 years and above. The 2017–2018 BDHS collected BP and FBG data from household members aged 18 years and above with 89% and 84% RRs, respectively. We analysed 6628 participants for hypertension and 6370 participants for diabetes from the 2011 BDHS, 11 449 for hypertension and 10 744 for diabetes from the 2017–2018 BDHS.MethodsWe followed the WHO guidelines to define hypertension and diabetes. We used descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regression to examine the Hindu–Muslim differences in hypertension and diabetes, and estimated predicted probabilities to examine the changes in hypertension and diabetes risk over time.ResultsNine in 10 of the sample were Muslims. About 31% of Hindus and 24% of Muslims were hypertensive; 10% of both Hindus and Muslims were diabetic in 2017–2018. The odds of being hypertensive were 45% higher among Hindus than Muslims (adjusted OR: 1.45; 95% CI: 1.23 to 1.71; p<0.001). The levels of awareness, medication and control of hypertension were similar between the religious groups. Between the 2011 and 2017–2018 BDHS, the Hindu–Muslim difference in the prevalence of hypertension increased non-significantly, by 3 percentage points.ConclusionsFurther studies on religious-based lifestyles, Hindu–Muslim differences in diet, physical activity, stress, and other risk factors of hypertension and diabetes are needed to understand Hindus’ higher likelihood of being hypertensive, in contrast, not diabetic compared with Muslims.
Detection of ultra high energy cosmic rays and neutrinos with lunar orbital radio telescope
Authors: Chen Linjie , Wolt Marc Klein , Aminaei Amin , Buitink Stijn , Falcke Heino 
Published: February 2023

AbstractParticle cascades induced by ultra-high-energy (UHE) cosmic rays and neutrinos impacting on the lunar regolith usually radiate Cherenkov radio emissions due to the presence of excess negative charge, which is known as Askaryan effect. Several experiments have been carried out to detect the Cherenkov radio emissions in the lunar regolith. To prepare for future lunar Ultra-Long Wavelength (ULW, frequencies below 30 MHz) radio astronomy missions, we study the detection of the Cherenkov radio emissions with the ULW radio telescope that are operating at the lunar orbit. We have carried out instrument modelling and analytic calculations for the analysis of aperture, flux and event rate, and the analyses show the detectability of the Cherenkov radiation. Based on the properties of the Cherenkov radiation, we have demonstrated that the cosmic ray and neutrino events could be reconstructed with the three ULW vector antennas onboard the lunar satellites via measurements of the Askaryan radio pulse intensity, polarizations, etc. The results obtained by this study would be useful for future lunar radio explorer mission, where the detections of UHE cosmic rays and neutrinos could be successfully attempted.
Real-Time Multi-Object Detection Using Enhanced Yolov5-7S on Multi-GPU for High-Resolution Video
Authors: Shaikh Shakil A. , Chopade Jayant J. , Sardey Mohini Pramod 
Published: February 2023

Multiple objects tracking in a video sequence can be performed by detecting and distinguishing the objects that appear in the sequence. In the context of computer vision, the robust multi-object tracking problem is a difficult problem to solve. Visual tracking of multiple objects is a vital part of an autonomous driving vehicle’s vision technology. Wide-area video surveillance is increasingly using advanced imaging devices with increased megapixel resolution and increased frame rates. As a result, there is a huge increase in demand for high-performance computation system of video surveillance systems for real-time processing of high-resolution videos. As a result, in this paper, we used a single stage framework to solve the MOT problem. We proposed a novel architecture in this paper that allows for the efficient use of one and multiple GPUs are used to process Full High Definition video in real time. For high-resolution video and images, the suggested approach is real-time multi-object detection based on Enhanced Yolov5-7S on Multi-GPU Vertex. We added one more layer at the top in backbone to increase the resolution of feature extracted image to detect small object and increase the accuracy of model. In terms of speed and accuracy, our proposed approach outperforms the state-of-the-art techniques.
A Carboniferous apex for the late Paleozoic icehouse
Authors: Griffis N. , Mundil R. , Montañez I. , Le Heron D. , Dietrich P. , Iannuzzi R. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Icehouse climate systems occur across an abbreviated portion of Earth history, constituting
c.
25% of the Phanerozoic record. The Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA) was the most extreme and longest lasting glaciation of the Phanerozoic and is characterized by periods of acute continental-scale glaciation, separated by periods of ice minima or ice-free conditions on the order of <10
6
years. The late Paleozoic glaciogenic record of the Paraná and Kalahari basins of southern Gondwana form one of the largest, best-preserved and well-calibrated records of this glaciation. In the Carboniferous, the eastern and southern margins of the Paraná Basin and the Kalahari Basin were characterized by subglacial conditions, with evidence for continental and upland glaciers. In the latest Carboniferous, these basins transitioned from subglacial reservoirs to ice-free or ‘ice distal‘ conditions evidenced by the widespread deposition of marine deposits juxtaposed on subglacial bedforms. High-precision U–Pb zircon chemical abrasion thermal ionization mass spectrometry geochronological constraints from volcanic ash deposits in the deglacial marine black shales of the Kalahari Basin and from fluvial and coal successions, which overlie marine deposits in the Paraná Basin, indicate subglacial evidence in these regions is constrained to the Carboniferous. The loss of ice in these regions is congruent with a late Carboniferous peak in
p
CO
2
and widespread marine anoxia in the late Carboniferous. The permeant retreat of glaciers in basinal settings, despite an early Permian
p
CO
2
nadir, highlights the influence of short-term perturbations on the longer-term CO
2
record and suggests an ice threshold had been crossed in the latest Carboniferous. A definitive driver for greenhouse gases in the LPIA, such as abundant and sustained volcanic activity or an increased biological pump driven by ocean fertilization, is unresolved for this period. Lastly, the proposed Carboniferous apex for the high-latitude LPIA record is incongruent with observations from the low-latitude tropics where an early Permian peak is proposed.
Inhibition of the MNK1/2–eIF4E Axis Augments Palbociclib-Mediated Antitumor Activity in Melanoma and Breast Cancer
Authors: Prabhu Sathyen A. , Moussa Omar , Gonçalves Christophe , LaPierre Judith H. , Chou Hsiang , Huang Fan , Richard Vincent R. , Ferruzo Pault Y. M. , Guettler Elizabeth M. , Soria-Bretones Isabel , Kirby Laura , Gagnon Natascha , Su Jie , Silvester Jennifer , Krisna Sai Sakktee , Rose April A. N. , Sheppard Karen E. , Cescon David W. , Mallette Frédérick A. , Zahedi Rene P. , Borchers Christoph H. , del Rincon Sonia V. , Miller Wilson H. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Aberrant cell-cycle progression is characteristic of melanoma, and CDK4/6 inhibitors, such as palbociclib, are currently being tested for efficacy in this disease. Despite the promising nature of CDK4/6 inhibitors, their use as single agents in melanoma has shown limited clinical benefit. Herein, we discovered that treatment of tumor cells with palbociclib induces the phosphorylation of the mRNA translation initiation factor eIF4E. When phosphorylated, eIF4E specifically engenders the translation of mRNAs that code for proteins involved in cell survival. We hypothesized that cancer cells treated with palbociclib use upregulated phosphorylated eIF4E (phospho-eIF4E) to escape the antitumor benefits of this drug. Indeed, we found that pharmacologic or genetic disruption of MNK1/2 activity, the only known kinases for eIF4E, enhanced the ability of palbociclib to decrease clonogenic outgrowth. Moreover, a quantitative proteomics analysis of melanoma cells treated with combined MNK1/2 and CDK4/6 inhibitors showed downregulation of proteins with critical roles in cell-cycle progression and mitosis, including AURKB, TPX2, and survivin. We also observed that palbociclib-resistant breast cancer cells have higher basal levels of phospho-eIF4E, and that treatment with MNK1/2 inhibitors sensitized these palbociclib-resistant cells to CDK4/6 inhibition. In vivo we demonstrate that the combination of MNK1/2 and CDK4/6 inhibition significantly increases the overall survival of mice compared with either monotherapy. Overall, our data support MNK1/2 inhibitors as promising drugs to potentiate the antineoplastic effects of palbociclib and overcome therapy-resistant disease.