bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Design of a Novel α-shaped Flue Gas Route Flame Incinerator for the Treatment of Urban Waste Materials
Authors: Liu Xiaozhou , Zhu Guangyu , Asim Taimoor , Mishra Rakesh 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Incineration is an effective method to treat urban waste materials like sewage sludge and solid waste. A conventional urban waste flame incinerator design is based on L-shaped flue gas route. A common issue with these incinerators is incomplete combustion of the waste material, leading to excessive air pollution. In the present study, a novel flame incinerator design has been developed, comprising of α-shaped flue gas route. Based on momentum flux method, and using momentum vector synthesis theory, theoretical design of the α-shaped flue gas route flame incinerator has been developed in this study. Design modifications have been carried out on a conventional flame incinerator, in-line with the theoretical design developed, to obtain α-shaped flue gas route for enhanced combustion of urban waste materials. The novel α-shaped flue gas route flame incinerator has been cold-tested using Computational Fluid Dynamics in order to ascertain that the flue gas is undergoing α-shaped route. Hot-tests on a full-scale 750 tonnes/day α-shaped flue gas route flame incinerator have been carried out to validate the cold-test results and record the thermal characteristics of the incinerator. The results obtained clearly show superior combustion performance of novel α-shaped flue gas route flame incinerator compared to conventional flame incinerators.
Clinical effects of uterine artery embolization combined with Mifepristone and Ethacridine Lactate in induction of labor for placenta previa
Authors: Pan Chun-hong , Cen Bing-kui , Wu Yu-hua , Wei Yu-lan , Wei Xiu-ling 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the clinical efficacy of uterine artery embolization combined with mifepristone and levonorgestrel in the induction of labor for placenta previa.
Methods
A total of 108 high-risk pregnant women with placenta previa who underwent induction of labor were enrolled in this study from January 2018 to June 2022. They were randomly divided into two groups: the intervention group (n = 51) received uterine artery embolization combined with mifepristone and levonorgestrel amniocentesis injection for induction of labor, while the control group (n = 57) received oral mifepristone and levonorgestrel amniocentesis injection for induction of labor as a comparison. The induction time, blood loss during and after induction, and complications were compared between the two groups. Throughout the study, all procedures adhered strictly to the ethical principles outlined in the Helsinki Declaration. No intervention-related complications occurred during the follow-up period.
Results
Among the 57 cases in the control group, 55 cases (96.49%) delivered vaginally, 25 cases (43.85%) had postpartum hemorrhage, and 2 cases (3.50%) underwent emergency cesarean section due to bleeding volume reaching 1000 ml. All 51 cases (100%) in the intervention group delivered vaginally, and 6 cases had postpartum hemorrhage. The induction time in the control group was (25.296 ± 1.6303), while the induction time in the intervention group was (21.753 ± 0.5334), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The total hospital stay after induction of labor in the control group was (5.767 ± 1.2977), while the total hospital stay after induction of labor in the intervention group was (4.169 ± 0.5771), and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01).
Conclusion
In placenta previa induction of labor, uterine artery embolization combined with mifepristone and levonorgestrel can effectively reduce blood loss during induction, shorten induction duration, improve induction success rate, and reduce the risk of cesarean section during induction. It can also protect the uterus and prevent placental adhesion, ensuring the safety of pregnant women. It is a safe, minimally invasive, and effective method that deserves clinical promotion.
A macro-modelling approach for the analysis of masonry-infilled RC frames with different opening dimensions and locations
Authors: Jia Mingming , Kong Jingchang , Wu Jinfeng 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Based on structural experiments and a micro finite-element analysis in ABAQUS, the interaction between an infill wall and an RC frame under lateral loads was investigated. According to the load transmission mechanism and the stiffness and strength contribution of infill walls, a macro-model with multiple blocks around the opening (represented as double diagonal struts) was proposed. The macromodel was established in OpenSees to simulate the discontinuities in the force transmission paths and the stress states around the openings of the infill walls. In a comparison with the experimental data, the proposed macromodel was proven to adequately simulate the different failure modes and hysteretic behaviours of masonry infills with different opening modes and locations. By using the opening rate and opening position as variables, 52 macro-modelling analyses of masonry-infilled RC frames with different window and door openings were carried out. The results showed that the presence of masonry infill walls greatly increased the initial stiffness and ultimate load-bearing capacities of single-story, single-bay RC frame structures. A larger opening rate resulted in lower initial stiffness and ultimate load-carrying capacity values, which decreased more as the opening locations deviated further from the centre to the sides.
Quantitative Risk Factor Analysis of Prior Disease Condition and Socioeconomic Status with the Multiple Myeloma Development: Nationwide cohort study
Authors: Choi Suein , Kim Eunjin , Jung Jinhee , Park Sung-Soo , Min Chang-Ki , Han Seunghoon 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Early diagnosis and following management are important determinants of the prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM). However, screening for MM is not routinely performed because it is a rare disease. In this study, we evaluated the association of prior disease condition and socioeconomic status (SES) with MM diagnosis and developed a simple predictive model that can identify patients at high risk of developing MM who may need screening using a nationwide database from South Korea. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, seven prior disease conditions (congestive heart failure, autoimmune disease, chronic pulmonary disease, hepatic disease, renal disease, any malignancy, and metastatic solid tumor) and poor SES before diagnosis were shown as possible risk factors of MM development. Based on the result, the scoring model was developed to predict the risk of MM development, and total scores were categorized into four groups: no-risk (≤0) intermediate-1 (0.5−6), intermediate-2 (6.5−14), and high-risk (>14). The odds ratios for developing MM in the intermediate-1, intermediate-2, and high-risk groups were 1.31, 2.68, and 4.96 respectively when compared to the no-risk group. This scoring system is also provided by a web-based application and could be a useful tool to support clinicians in identifying potential candidates for MM screening.
The Factors Associated with Stillbirths among Sub-Saharan African Deliveries: A Systematic review and Meta-analysis
Authors: Kasa Getachew Adela , Alemu Bezatu , Woldemariam Abebech Yilma , Adella Alemayehu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Globally, more than 2.6 million stillbirths occur each year. The vast majority (98%) of stillbirths occur in low- and middle-income countries, and over fifty percent (55%) of these happen in rural sub-Saharan Africa.
Methods
Pertinent articles conducted in sub-Saharan Africa were evaluated using a systemic review and meta-analysis approach to determine the factors associated with stillbirths. A literature search was performed using PubMed, the Cochran Library, Google Scholar, EMBASE, Scopus, the Web of Sciences, and gray literature. Rayyan`s software was used for literature screening. A random effects meta-analysis was conducted with STATA version 17. Heterogeneity was checked by using Cochran’s Q and I2 tests. The funnel plots and Egger’s test were used to examine the risk of publication bias. The protocol was sent for registration on January 31, 2023, and the PROSPERO registration number is CRD42023391874.
Results
Forty-one studies gathered from eight sub-Saharan countries with a total of 192,916 sample sizes were included. Nine variables were highly linked with stillbirth. These include advanced maternal age (AOR: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.16, 1.70), high educational attainment (AOR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.63), antenatal care (AOR: 0.45, 95% CI: 0.35, 0.55), antepartum hemorrhage (AOR: 2.70, 95% CI: 1.91, 3.50), low birth weight (AOR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.56–1.87), admitted by referal (AOR: 1.55, 95% CI: 1.41, 1.68), history of stillbirth (AOR: 2.43, 95% CI: 1.84, 3.03), anemia (AOR: 2.62, 95% CI: 1.93, 3.31), and hypertension (AOR: 2.22, 95% CI: 1.70, 2.75).
Conclusion
A significant association was found between stillbirth and maternal age, educational status, antenatal care, antepartum hemorrhage, birth weight, mode of arrival, history of previous stillbirth, anemia, and hypertension. In order to fully screen women, cooperation between experts from many fields should be created beforehand and incorporated into the screening procedure. Keywords: Africa, fetal death, intrauterine fetal death, prenatal death
Discerning Rise Time Constants to Quantify Charge Carrier Extraction in Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Kruppa Lennard , Jenatsch Sandra , Wang Yueming , Ravishankar Sandheep 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The small-perturbation analysis of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) highlights a fundamental conundrum - while time domain measurements yield two time constants corresponding to the rise and subsequent decay of the photovoltage or photocurrent, the corresponding frequency domain methods only yield one time constant from the analysis of the imaginary part of the transfer function. To solve this problem, we propose a modification of the frequency domain transfer function that focusses on the transition of its real part to negative values at high frequencies. After verification using drift-diffusion simulations and equivalent circuit analysis, the application of the method to experimental intensity-modulated photovoltage spectroscopy data of a PSC allows calculation of the hidden rise time constant, showing a good agreement with rise time constants obtained from transient photovoltage measurements. The calculated rise time constants are indicators of the charge extraction efficiency of the contacts, that determines short circuit and low-bias recombination losses.
Scene Context-aware Graph Convolutional Network for Skeleton-based Action Recognition
Authors: Zhang Wenxian 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Skeleton-based action recognition methods commonly employ graph neural networks to learn different aspects of skeleton topology information However, these methods often struggle to capture contextual information beyond the skeleton topology. To address this issue, we propose a Scene Context-aware Graph Convolutional Network (SCA-GCN) that leverages potential contextual information in the scene. Specifically, SCA-GCN learns the co-occurrence probabilities of actions in specific scenarios from a common knowledge base and fuses these probabilities into the original skeleton topology decoder, producing more robust results. To demonstrate the effectiveness of SCA-GCN, we conducted extensive experiments on four widely used datasets, i.e.SBU, N-UCLA, NTU RGB+D and NTU RGB+D 120. The experimental results show that SCA-GCN supasses existing methods, and its core idea can be extended to other methods with only some concatenation operations that consume less computational complexity.
Modulation of the northward penetration of Antarctica intermediate waters into the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean under glacial and interglacial conditions
Authors: Houedec Sandrine Le , Tremblin Maxime , Champion Amaury , Samankassou Elias 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The Indo-Pacific warm pool is the warmest and most dynamic ocean-atmosphere-climate system on Earth and was subject to significant climate changes during the Pleistocene glacial-interglacial transitions. This has been shown to have had significant effects on the strength of surface waters that redistribute heat from the tropics to the southern part of the Indian Ocean. Here we investigate the response of the oceanic circulation at intermediate depth (1200 m) of the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean (EEIO) with neodymium (Nd) isotopes in the context of the climatic oscillation of the last 500 ka. The most striking feature of our new dataset is the seesaw Nd record that mimics glacial-interglacial cycles. While the interglacial periods are characterized by a higher contribution of the less radiogenic neodymium (~ -7εNd) Antarctic Intermediate Water (AAIW), the glacial periods are characterized by more radiogenic water mass of Pacific origin (~ -5εNd). To explain the increase in the εNd signature toward a more radiogenic signature as the Indo-Pacific connection is reduced under the low sea level of the glacial periods, we show that under global cooling the AAIW advances northward into the tropics, which is a consequence of the general slowdown of the thermohaline circulation. Therefore, oceanic mixing at intermediate depth in the eastern tropical Indian intermediate water is modulated by the production rate of the AAIW in the Southern Ocean. Our study provides new evidence for the role that changes in the deep oceanic conditions play in amplifying externally forced climate changes that ultimately lead to drier/moister atmospheric conditions and weaker/stronger monsoons during glacial/interglacial periods over eastern tropical Indian.
Switchable Photothermal Conversion Efficiency for Reprogrammable Actuation
Authors: He Yongcheng , Liu Haojun , Luo Jiajia , Li Nuo , Li Lihua , Xiong Puxian , Yang Zhongmin , Gan Jiulin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Reprogrammable soft matter brings flexibility to soft robots so that they can display various motions, which is flourishing in soft robotics. However, the reprogramming of photoresponsive materials used in soft robots is time-consuming using existing methods. In this study, we promote a novel strategy for rapid reprogramming via switchable photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE). The liquid crystalline elastomers doped with semiconductor bismuth compounds (Bi-LCE) used in this work exhibited large photothermal actuation with over 35% shrinkage in 5 seconds at high PCE state, which demonstrated little deformation at low PCE state. Furthermore, the material was capable of being reprogrammed for up to 10 times, with only 20 minutes required for one PCE reversible switch. Based on this switchable PCE effect, the same Bi-LCE film displayed various shape changes through different programmable pattern. Additionally, a reprogrammable hollow tube made of PCE reprogrammable materials could tune the diameter, cross section configuration, and surface morphology, which was crucial for microfluidics field. Reprogrammable materials provide endless possibilities for reusability and sustainability in robotics.
Mid- to Long-term Outcome of Laparoscopic Ultrasound-guided Radiofrequency Ablation for Malignant Hepatic Tumors
Authors: Chern Ming-chih , Lin Chung-Wei , Tsai Tzu-Jung 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Surgical resection remains the gold standard for the treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver metastases (LM), especially those from colorectal cancers. However, the majority of patients are not candidates for surgical resection due to unresectable disease, the presence of extrahepatic disease, or concurrent medical conditions. Several authors have reported the long-term outcome of fully percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for HCC and colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRCLM). However, there are only a few studies on long-term outcomes, including local recurrence and survival, of fully laparoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (LURFA) for patients with malignant hepatic tumors. This study is to evaluate the long-term outcomes of LURFA in malignant hepatic tumors that are difficult to be curatively treated with the percutaneous approach or laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) according to IWATE Criteria and the results show that full LURFA for malignant hepatic tumors is associated with low morbidity, low LR, and feasible outcomes even after long-term follow-up. It requires advanced skills for clearly identifying the target tumor, precise needle placement and constant real-time intraoperative ultrasound monitoring to achieve complete ablation and an effective oncological outcome.
A Multimodal Stacked Ensemble Model for Cardiac Output Prediction Utilizing Cardiorespiratory Interactions during General Anesthesia
Authors: Dervishi Albion 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background:
This study aimed to examine the possibility of estimating cardiac output (CO) using a multimodal stacking model that utilizes cardiopulmonary interactions during general anesthesia.
Materials and methods:
This study included 469 adult patients who underwent normal pulmonary function tests under general anesthesia. We used the publicly available VitalDB, a multiparameter biosignal prospectively collected database containing the data of non-cardiac surgical patients from Seoul National University Hospital.
The hemodynamic data in this study included non-invasive blood pressure, plethysmographic heart rate, and SpO2. CO was recorded using the pulse contour technique devices Vigileo and EV1000. Respiratory data included mechanical ventilation parameters and end-tidal CO2 levels.
A generalized linear regression model was used as the base learner for the multimodal stacking ensemble method. Random forest, generalized linear regression, gradient boosting machine, and XGBoost are meta-learners that use base learner predictions. Multimodal stacking ensembles combine predictions from two modalities, hemodynamic and respiratory numerical data obtained from multimodal intraoperative monitoring.
Results:
A Bland–Altman plot revealed that a multimodal stacked ensemble model for CO prediction from 327 patients had a bias of −0.001 L/min (±1.96 SD, 0.611 L/min, and −0.614 L/min) and −0.271% (±1.96 SD, 12.94%; SD, −13.488%) when calculating the percentage of difference using the EV1000 device.
Agreement of model CO prediction and measured Vigileo CO in 142 patients reported a bias of −0.01 (±1.96 SD, 0.464 L/min, and −0.477 L/min) and −0.333% (±1.96 SD, 9.924%, and −10.59%).
Conclusions:
This study demonstrated that our model predicts CO compared to data obtained by the pulse contour technique cardiac output monitors with good agreement.
Priorities for enhancing nurses' and social workers’ competence and confidence in helping families support dependent children through parental death. A classic-Delphi survey
Authors: Franklin Penny , Arber Anne , Ream Emma 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Annually, approximately five per cent of dependent children — aged under eighteen years — in the United Kingdom (UK), experience parental death. Nurses and social workers caring for parents with life-limiting illnesses, including cancer, help families support their children. However, these professionals have been found to lack confidence and competence in fulfilling this role.
Methods We conducted three rounds of a classic-Delphi survey to identify and measure topic expert consensus on the priorities and issues for nurses and social workers when supporting families and children through parental death, The Delphi survey was conducted with UK topic experts (n=43) including lead health and social care professionals (n=30), parents bereaved of a partner whilst parenting dependent children (n=6), academics (n=4) and bereaved young adults(n=3).
Results: Ninety percent (n=18/20) of the issues for nurses and social workers and 100% (7/7) of the priorities rated and ordered in the survey achieved consensus. Key priorities were 1) training in opening conversations with families about dependent children, 2) training and support for nurses and social workers to manage theirs and others’ emotions arising from conversations with parents about children’s needs regarding parental death, and 3) increasing nurses’ and social workers’ knowledge of sources of information to support families before the death of a parent.
Conclusion: We identified priorities for UK nurses and social workers. Further research is needed to identify which of these nurses and social workers would benefit most from support, and how any resultant interventions could enhance confidence and competence in helping families to support children through parental death.
Identifying behaviour change techniques in 287 randomized controlled trials of audit and feedback interventions targeting practice change among healthcare professionals
Authors: Crawshaw Jacob , Meyer Carly , Antonopoulou Vivi , Antony Jesmin , Grimshaw Jeremy , Ivers Noah , Konnyu Kristin , Lacroix Meagan , Presseau Justin , Simeoni Michelle , Yogasingam Sharlini , Lorencatto Fabiana 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background: Audit and feedback (A&F) is among the most widely used implementation strategies, providing healthcare professionals with summaries of their practice performance to prompt behaviour change and optimize care. Wide variability in effectiveness of A&F has spurred efforts to explore why some A&F interventions are more effective than others. Unpacking the variability of the content of A&F interventions in terms of their component behaviours change techniques (BCTs) may help advance our understanding of how A&F works best. This study aimed to systematically specify BCTs in A&F interventions targeting healthcare professional practice change.
Methods: We conducted a directed content analysis of intervention descriptions in 287 randomized trials included in an ongoing Cochrane systematic review update of A&F interventions (searched up to June 2020). Three trained researchers identified and categorized BCTs in all trial arms (treatment & control/comparator) using the 93-item BCT Taxonomy version 1. The original BCT definitions and examples in the taxonomy were adapted to include A&F-specific decision rules and examples. Two additional BCTs (‘Education (unspecified)’ and ‘Feedback (unspecified)’) were added, such that 95 BCTs were considered for coding.
Results: In total, 48/95 BCTs (50%) were identified across 360 treatment arms at least once (mean=5.2, SD=2.8, range=1-29 per treatment arm). The most common BCTs were ‘Feedback on behaviour’ (present 89% of the time; e.g., feedback on drug prescribing), ‘Instruction on how to perform the behaviour’ (71%; e.g., issuing a clinical guideline), ‘Social comparison’ (52%; e.g., feedback on performance of peers), ‘Credible source’ (41%; e.g., endorsements from respected professional body), and ‘Education (unspecified)’ (31%; e.g., giving a lecture to staff). The 287 control/comparator arms contained on average 3.0 BCTs (SD=2.4, range=1-15), of which the most common were identical to those identified in treatment arms.
Conclusions: A&F interventions to improve healthcare professional practice include a moderate range of BCTs, focusing predominantly on providing behavioural feedback, sharing guidelines, peer comparison data, education, and leveraging credible sources. We encourage the use of our A&F-specific list of BCTs to improve knowledge of what is being delivered in A&F interventions. Our study provides a basis for exploring which BCTs are associated with intervention effectiveness.
Trial registrations: N/A