bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Best ablation strategy in patients with premature ventricular contractions with multiple morphology: a single-centre experience
Authors: Mohanty Sanghamitra , Burkhardt John D , Di Biase Luigi , Mohanty Prasant , Shetty Sai Shishir , Gianni Carola , Della Rocca Domenico G , Baho Karim K , Morris Trevor , Mayedo Angel , MacDonald Bryan , Al-Ahmad Amin , Bassiouny Mohamed , Gallinghouse Gerald Joseph , Horton Rodney , Natale Andrea 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aims
This study aimed to examine the clinical benefits of targeted ablation of all Premature ventricular complex (PVC) morphologies vs. predominant PVC only.

Methods and results
A total of 171 consecutive patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and ≥2 PVC morphology with high burden (&gt;10%/day) undergoing their first ablation procedure were included in the analysis. At the initial procedure, prevalent PVC alone was ablated in the majority. However, at the redo, all PVC morphologies were targeted for ablation. : At the first procedure, 152 (89%) patients received ablation of the dominant PVC only. In the remaining 19 (11%) patients, all PVC morphologies were ablated. At two years, high PVC burden was detected in 89 (52%) patients. Repeat procedure was performed in 78 of 89, where all PVC morphologies were ablated. At 5 years after the repeat procedure, 71 (91%) had PVC burden of &lt;5% [3.8 ± 1.1% vs. 15.4 ± 4.3% in successful vs. failed subjects (P &lt; 0.001)]. In patients with low PVC burden after the initial procedure, LVEF improved from 37.5% to 41.6% [mean difference (MD): 3.39 ± 2.9%, P &lt; 0.001], whereas a reduction in LVEF from 39.8% to 34.5% (MD: 6.45 ± 4.7%, P &lt; 0.001) was recorded in patients with high PVC burden. One year after the repeat procedure, LVEF improved from 36.2% to 41.7% (MD: 5.5 ± 4.3%, P &lt; 0.001) in patients with successful ablation.

Conclusion
In this observational series, ablation of all PVC morphologies was associated with significantly lower PVC burden and improvement of LVEF at long-term follow-up, compared with ablation of the dominant morphology only.
Should lethal arrhythmias in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy be predicted using non-electrophysiological methods?
Authors: Saumarez Richard , Silberbauer John , Scannell Jack , Pytkowski Mariusz , Behr Elijah R , Betts Timothy , Della Bella Paulo , Peters Nicholas S 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
While sudden cardiac death (SCD) in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is due to arrhythmias, the guidelines for prediction of SCD are based solely on non-electrophysiological methods. This study aims to stimulate thinking about whether the interests of patients with HCM are better served by using current, ‘risk factor’, methods of prediction or by further development of electrophysiological methods to determine arrhythmic risk. Five published predictive studies of SCD in HCM, which contain sufficient data to permit analysis, were analysed to compute receiver operating characteristics together with their confidence bounds to compare their formal prediction either by bootstrapping or Monte Carlo analysis. Four are based on clinical risk factors, one with additional MRI analysis, and were regarded as exemplars of the risk factor approach. The other used an electrophysiological method and directly compared this method to risk factors in the same patients. Prediction methods that use conventional clinical risk factors and MRI have low predictive capacities that will only detect 50–60% of patients at risk with a 15–30% false positive rate [area under the curve (AUC) = ∼0.7], while the electrophysiological method detects 90% of events with a 20% false positive rate (AUC = ∼0.89). Given improved understanding of complex arrhythmogenesis, arrhythmic SCD is likely to be more accurately predictable using electrophysiologically based approaches as opposed to current guidelines and should drive further development of electrophysiologically based methods.
Avoiding unnecessary ventricular pacing is associated with reduced incidence of heart failure hospitalizations and persistent atrial fibrillation in pacemaker patients
Authors: Arnold Martin , Richards Mark , D’Onofrio Antonio , Faulknier Brett , Gulizia Michele , Thakur Ranjan , Sakata Yasushi , Lin Wenjiao , Pollastrelli Annalisa , Grammatico Andrea , Auricchio Angelo , Boriani Giuseppe 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Aims
In bradycardia patients treated with dual-chamber pacing, we aimed to evaluate whether pacing with atrioventricular (AV) delay management [AV hysteresis (AVH)], compared with standard pacing with fixed AV delays, reduces unnecessary ventricular pacing percentage (VPP) and is associated with better clinical outcomes. Main study endpoints were the incidence of heart failure hospitalizations (HFH), persistent atrial fibrillation (AF), and cardiac death.

Methods and results
Data from two identical prospective observational studies, BRADYCARE I in the USA and BRADYCARE II in Europe, Africa, and Asia, were pooled. Overall, 2592 patients (75 ± 10 years, 45.1% female, 50% with AVH) had complete clinical and device data at 1-year follow-up and were analysed. Primary pacing indication was sinus node disease (SND) in 1177 (45.4%), AV block (AVB) in 974 (37.6%), and other indications in 441 (17.0%) patients. Pacing with AVH, compared with standard pacing, was associated with a lower 1-year incidence of HFH [1.3% vs. 3.1%, relative risk reduction (RRR) 57.5%, P = 0.002] and of persistent AF (5.3% vs. 7.7%, RRR = 31.1%, P = 0.028). Cardiac mortality was not different between groups (1.0% vs. 1.4%, RRR = 27.8%, P = 0.366). Pacing with AVH, compared with standard pacing, was associated with a lower (P &lt; 0.001) median VPP in all patients (7% vs. 75%), in SND (3% vs. 44%), in AVB (25% vs. 98%), and in patients with other pacing indications (3% vs. 47%).

Conclusion
Cardiac pacing with AV delay management via AVH is associated with reduced 1-year incidence of HFH and persistent AF, most likely due to a reduction in VPP compared to standard pacing.
Four billion years of microbial terpenome evolution
Authors: Hoshino Yosuke , Villanueva Laura 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Terpenoids, also known as isoprenoids, are the largest and most diverse class of organic compounds in nature and are involved in many membrane-associated cellular processes, including membrane organization, electron transport chain, cell signaling, and phototrophy. Terpenoids are ancient compounds with their origin presumably before the last universal common ancestor. However, Bacteria and Archaea are known to possess two distinct terpenoid repertoires and utilize terpenoids differently. Most notably, archaea constitute their cellular membrane solely made of terpenoid-based phospholipids, contrary to the bacterial membrane that consists of fatty acid-based phospholipids. Thus, the composition of ancestral membranes at the beginning of cellular life and the diversification of terpenoids in early life remain enigmatic. This review addresses these key issues through comprehensive phylogenomic analyses of extant terpenoid biosynthesis enzymes in Bacteria and Archaea. We aim to infer the basal components of terpenoid biosynthesis machinery that have an ancient origin before the divergence of the two domains and shed light on the deep evolutionary connection between terpenoid biochemistry and early life.
The microbiology of Power-to-X applications
Authors: Logroño Washington , Kleinsteuber Sabine , Kretzschmar Jörg , Harnisch Falk , De Vrieze Jo , Nikolausz Marcell 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPower-to-X (P2X) technologies will play a more important role in the conversion of electric power to storable energy carriers, commodity chemicals and even food and feed. Among the different P2X technologies, microbial components form cornerstones of individual process steps. This review comprehensively presents the state-of-the-art of different P2X technologies from a microbiological standpoint. We are focusing on microbial conversions of hydrogen from water electrolysis to methane, other chemicals and proteins. We present the microbial toolbox needed to gain access to these products of interest, assess its current status and research needs, and discuss potential future developments that are needed to turn todays P2X concepts into tomorrow's technologies.
Metformin extends the chronological lifespan of fission yeast by altering energy metabolism and stress resistance capacity
Authors: Şeylan Ceren , Tarhan Çağatay 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe antiaging properties of metformin used for the treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus have been studied extensively, but there is more to discover regarding underlying mechanisms. Here, we show that metformin significantly prolongs the chronological lifespan (CLS) of Schizosaccharomyces pombe through mechanisms similar to those observed in mammalian cells and other model organisms. While the presence of metformin in the medium caused an increase in carbohydrate consumption and ATP production, it reduced reactive oxygen species production and alleviate oxidative damage parameters such as lipid peroxidation and carbonylated proteins. We also tested whether the effect of metformin changed with the time it was added to the medium and observed that the lifespan-prolonging effect of metformin was related to the glucose concentration in the medium and did not prolong lifespan when added after glucose was completely depleted in the medium. On the other hand, cells inoculated in glucose-free medium containing metformin also showed extended lifespan suggesting that mechanisms other than that solely depend on glucose availability may be involved in extending the lifespan. These results suggest that metformin prolongs lifespan especially affecting energy metabolism and stress resistance capacity and that fission yeast can be effectively used when investigating the antiaging mechanisms of metformin.
An automated earthquake detection and characterization tool for rapid earthquake and tsunami response in Western Mediterranean
Authors: Menager Marine , Guilhem Trilla Aurélie , Delouis Bertrand 
Published: March 2023

SUMMARYA method of moment tensor inversion with a grid search on the source location and time is presently considered by the French Tsunami Service Provider (TSP or CENALT in French) for rapid earthquake and tsunami warning in the western Mediterranean Sea and the North-East Atlantic Ocean. The approach follows the GRiD MT (Grid-based Real-time Determination of Moment Tensors) methodology already implemented in other regions. Here, we show developments made towards its implementation for moderate to large earthquakes in the Ibero–Maghreb region, which is prone to generate tsunamis in the western Mediterranean Sea. Results obtained for a dozen of events, contrasting in magnitudes, locations and focal mechanisms, validate the choices made for the inversion parameters (grid resolution, frequency band, velocity models, etc.). Their source solutions are compared to published solutions from seismological institutes including GFZ and USGS. Besides, we describe the special care needed for a correct real-time event detection analysis, and in particular for obtaining the most appropriate source solution out of the thousand ones explored by the method. Rapid GRiD MT solutions can in turn be used for rapid tsunami simulations run by the TSP operator.
Toward an experimental system for the examination of protein mannosylation in Actinobacteria
Authors: Saxena Hirak , Buenbrazo Nakita , Song Won-Yong , Li Connie , Brochu Denis , Robotham Anna , Ding Wen , Tessier Luc , Chen Rui , Kelly John , Wakarchuk Warren 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe Actinobacterial species Cellulomonas fimi ATCC484 has long been known to secrete mannose-containing proteins, but a closer examination of glycoproteins associated with the cell has never been reported. Using ConA lectin chromatography and mass spectrometry, we have surveyed the cell-associated glycoproteome from C. fimi and collected detailed information on the glycosylation sites of 19 cell-associated glycoproteins. In addition, we have expressed a previously known C. fimi secreted cellulase, Celf_3184 (formerly CenA), a putative peptide prolyl-isomerase, Celf_2022, and a penicillin-binding protein, Celf_0189, in the mannosylation capable host, Corynebacterium glutamicum. We found that the glycosylation machinery in C. glutamicum was able to use the recombinant C. fimi proteins as substrates and that the glycosylation matched closely that found in the native proteins when expressed in C. fimi. We are pursuing this observation as a prelude to dissecting the biosynthetic machinery and biological consequences of this protein mannosylation.
Antibiotic consumption trends in Ghana: analysis of six-years pharmacy issue data from a secondary healthcare facility
Authors: Labi Appiah-Korang , Kartey Bridget S , Hedidor George Kwesi , Nuertey Benjamin Demah , Kodjoe Elsie , Vanderpuije Leslie No , Obeng-Nkrumah Noah 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundSurveillance of hospital antibiotic consumption provides data to inform corrective action and for monitoring antimicrobial stewardship activities. This study described antibiotic consumption patterns from 2016 through 2021 at a secondary healthcare facility in Ghana.MethodsUsing the WHO methodology for surveillance of antimicrobial consumption in hospitals, we analysed a 6-year pharmacy issue data at the Eastern Regional Hospital. We report on the defined daily dose (DDD) per 100 patients, types of antibiotics consumed according to Anatomic Therapeutic Classification (ATC), WHO AWaRe classification; trends in antibiotic consumption and expenditure per DDD of antibiotics consumed.ResultsOver the period, the mean (±standard deviation) antibiotic consumption rate was 256.7 ± 33 DDD/100 patients per year. A linear regression model showed an insignificant decreasing trend in antibiotic consumption (coefficient for time –0.561; P = 0.247). The top three consumed antibiotics in DDD/100 patients at ATC level 5 were amoxicillin-clavulanate (n = 372.6), cefuroxime (n = 287.4) and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (n = 145.8). The yearly Access-to-Watch ratio decreased from 2.4 in 2016 to 1.2 in 2021. The mean yearly cost of antibiotics was $394 206 ± 57 618 US dollars. The top three antibiotics consumed in terms of cost were clindamycin $718 366.3, amoxicillin-clavulanate $650 928.3 and ceftriaxone $283 648.5.ConclusionThis study showed a sturdy rate of antibiotic consumption over the 6-year period with a year-on-year decrease in the Access-to-Watch antibiotic ratio. Data from pharmacy drug issues offer an opportunity to conduct antibiotic consumption surveillance at the hospital and national level in Ghana.
Dietary inflammatory and insulinemic potential, risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, and chronic liver disease mortality
Authors: Long Lu , Liu Xing , Petrick Jessica , Liu Wanqing , Lee Jeffrey K , Liao Linda , Lai Michelle J , Yang Wanshui , Libermann Towia A , Roberts Lewis R , McGlynn Katherine A , Tabung Fred K , Zhang Xuehong 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Diet modulates inflammation and insulin response and may be an important modifiable factor in the primary prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and chronic liver disease (CLD). We developed the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) and empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) scores to assess the inflammatory and insulinemic potentials of diet. We prospectively examined the associations of EDIP and EDIH at baseline with the following HCC risk and CLD mortality.

Design
We followed 485 931 individuals in the National Institutes of Health–American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health Study since 1995. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results
We confirmed 635 incident HCC cases and 993 CLD deaths. Participants in the highest compared with those in the lowest EDIP quartile had a 1.35 times higher risk of developing HCC (95% CI = 1.08 to 1.70, Ptrend = .0005) and a 1.70 times higher CLD mortality (95% CI = 1.41 to 2.04, Ptrend &lt; .0001). For the same comparison, participants with the highest EDIH were at increased risk of HCC (HR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.20 to 1.95, Ptrend = .0004) and CLD mortality (HR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.42 to 2.01, Ptrend &lt; .0001). Similar positive associations of scores with HCC risk and CLD mortality were observed for both women and men. Moreover, individuals in both the highest EDIP and EDIH tertiles had a 92% increased HCC risk (95% CI = 1.43 to 2.58) and 98% increased CLD mortality (95% CI = 1.27 to 3.08) compared with those in both lowest tertiles.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that inflammation and hyperinsulinemia are potential mechanisms linking diet to HCC development and CLD mortality.
Accuracy and Probabilism in Infinite Domains
Authors: Nielsen Michael 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The best accuracy arguments for probabilism apply only to credence functions with finite domains, that is, credence functions that assign credence to at most finitely many propositions. This is a significant limitation. It reveals that the support for the accuracy-first programme in epistemology is a lot weaker than it seems at first glance, and it means that accuracy arguments cannot yet accomplish everything that their competitors, the pragmatic (Dutch book) arguments, can. In this paper, I investigate the extent to which this limitation can be overcome. Building on the best arguments in finite domains, I present two accuracy arguments for probabilism that are perfectly general—they apply to credence functions with arbitrary domains. I then discuss how the arguments’ premisses can be challenged. We will see that it is particularly difficult to characterize admissible accuracy measures in infinite domains.
Observational constraints of an anisotropic boost due to the projection effects using redMaPPer clusters
Authors: Sunayama Tomomi 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Optical clusters identified from red-sequence galaxies suffer from projection effects, where interloper galaxies along the line of sight to a cluster are mistaken as genuine members of the cluster. In the previous study, we found that the projection effects cause the boost on the amplitudes of clustering and lensing on large scale compared to the expected amplitudes in the absence of any projection effects. These boosts are caused by preferential selections of filamentary structure aligned to the line of sight due to distance uncertainties in photometric surveys. We model the projection effects with two simple assumptions and develop a novel method to quantify the size of the boost using cluster-galaxy cross-correlation functions. We validate our method using mock cluster catalogues built from cosmological N-body simulations and find that we can obtain unbiased constraints on the boost parameter with our model. We then apply our analysis on the SDSS redMaPPer clusters and find that the size of the boost is roughly 20 per cent for all the richness bins except the cluster sample with the richness bin λ ∈ [30, 40]. This is the first study to constrain the boost parameter independent from cluster cosmology studies and provides a self-consistency test for the projection effects.
A photoelectric study of the eclipsing binary EG Serpentis
Authors: Thurman Glenn M 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
A ubvy photoelectric study of the early A-type, detached eclipsing binary EG Serpentis (EG Ser) has been undertaken at Mount Laguna Observatory. Simultaneous observation on two telescopes has been employed for the first time at the observatory. Approximately 2000 standardized differential magnitudes are presented along with standardized colours and V magnitudes of the EG Ser field. A new ephemeris is determined that indicates a small positive displacement of secondary eclipse. The photometric elements are solved for using the NDE model, and the presence of a small, but non-zero, orbital eccentricity is confirmed. The photometry is combined with published spectroscopy to obtain absolute parameters for the system. The colour excess of and distance to the binary are determined. An approximate age is estimated. The results are compared with the only other published solution (of about the same vintage) and recent light-curve solutions by the author of this study.
Formation of supermassive stars in the first star clusters
Authors: Reinoso Bastián , Klessen Ralf S , Schleicher Dominik , Glover Simon C O , Solar P 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
The formation of supermassive stars is believed to be an essential intermediate step for the formation of the massive black hole seeds that become the supermassive black holes powering the quasars observed in the early Universe. Numerical simulations have shown that supermassive stars can form in atomic-cooling haloes when protostars reach accretion rates higher than ∼10−2 M⊙ yr−1 and fragmentation is suppressed on pc scales. It is, however, still uncertain if a supermassive star still emerges when fragmentation occurs at smaller scales and a cluster of stars is formed instead. In this work, we explore the problem of massive object formation due to the interplay of collisions and accretion in star clusters at low metallicity. We model a small embedded cluster of accreting protostars following subparsec scale fragmentation during the collapse of a primordial gas cloud, and follow its evolution by performing N-body plus hydrodynamical simulations. Our results show that supermassive stars with 103 and 104 M⊙ are always formed due to the interplay of collisions and accretion, and in some cases these objects are part of a binary system. The resulting supermassive star is surrounded by tens of smaller stars with typical masses in the range 1–100 M⊙.
The physical origin of supercompetitive accretion during the formation of the first supermassive black holes
Authors: Schleicher Dominik R G , Reinoso Bastián , Klessen Ralf S 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
Numerical simulations have shown the occurrence of a scenario termed ‘supercompetitive accretion’, a term that describes a situation where only the central few objects grow supermassive while a larger number of stars compete for the reservoir, with significant accretion flows of ≳0.1 M⊙ yr−1. This scenario particularly implies that the presence of fragmentation will not necessarily impeed the formation of a central massive object. We, here, explore this phenomenon using analytical estimates for growth via collisions and accretion, considering accretion due to self-gravity as well as Bondi–Hoyle accretion. Particularly, we explore under what conditions the accretion on to the central massive object breaks down, and derive a criterion that depends on the mass of the most massive object and the mass in fragments. For compact clusters with sizes about 0.1 pc, we further find that the mass growth by collisions is comparable to the growth via accretion. Our results are validated through the comparison with numerical simulations, and we overall conclude that supercompetitive accretion is a valid mechanism for the formation of very massive objects in the early Universe.