bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hearing health care access for adult cochlear implant candidates and recipients: Travel time and socioeconomic status
Authors: Davis Amanda G. , Hicks Kelli L. , Dillon Margaret T. , Overton Andrea B. , Roth Noelle , Richter Margaret E. , Dedmon Matthew M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectivesAccess to cochlear implantation may be negatively influenced by extended travel time to a cochlear implant (CI) center or lower socioeconomic status (SES) for the individual. There is a critical need to understand the influence of these variables on patient appointment attendance for candidacy evaluations, and CI recipients' adherence to post‐activation follow‐up recommendations that support optimal outcomes.MethodsA retrospective chart review of adult patients referred to a CI center in North Carolina for initial cochlear implantation candidacy evaluation between April 2017 and July 2019 was conducted. Demographic and audiologic data were collected for each patient. Travel time was determined using geocoding. SES was proxied using ZCTA‐level Social Deprivation Index (SDI) information. Independent samples t tests compared variables between those who did and did not attend the candidacy evaluation. Pearson correlations assessed the association of these variables and the duration of time between initial CI activation and return for first follow‐up visit.ResultsThree hundred and ninety patients met the inclusion criteria. There was a statistically significant difference between SDI of those who attended their candidacy evaluation versus those who did not. Age at referral or travel time did not show statistical significance between these two groups. There was no significant correlation with age at referral, travel time, or SDI with the duration of time (days) between initial activation and the 1‐month follow‐up.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that SES may influence a patient's ability to attend a cochlear implantation candidacy evaluation appointment and may further impact the decision to pursue cochlear implantation.Level of evidence: 4 – Case Series.
Aldehyde dehydrogenase in solid tumors and other diseases: Potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets
Authors: Xia Jie , Li Siqin , Liu Suling , Zhang Lixing 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe family of aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs) contains 19 isozymes and is involved in the oxidation of endogenous and exogenous aldehydes to carboxylic acids, which contributes to cellular and tissue homeostasis. ALDHs play essential parts in detoxification, biosynthesis, and antioxidants, which are of important value for cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival in normal body tissues. However, ALDHs are frequently dysregulated and associated with various diseases like Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and especially solid tumors. Notably, the involvement of the ALDHs in tumor progression is responsible for the maintenance of the stem‐cell‐like phenotype, triggering rapid and aggressive clinical progressions. ALDHs have captured increasing attention as biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis. Nevertheless, these require further longitudinal clinical studies in large populations for broad application. This review summarizes our current knowledge regarding ALDHs as potential biomarkers in tumors and several non‐tumor diseases, as well as recent advances in our understanding of the functions and underlying molecular mechanisms of ALDHs in disease development. Finally, we discuss the therapeutic potential of ALDHs in diseases, especially in tumor therapy with an emphasis on their clinical implications.
Intellectual property rights policy and foreign direct investment: A quasi‐natural experiment from China
Authors: Qian Xinlei , Sun Minghao , Pan Minjie , Zou Weiyong , Li Guoxiang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOver the past 40 years of reform and opening up, China has attracted a large number of foreign investment. However, because of China's weak intellectual property protection environment, it is difficult to protect the intellectual assets of transnational enterprises, which will affect their investment decisions to some extent. In order to optimize the intellectual property system and improve the intellectual property environment, national intellectual property demonstration city policy was proposed in 2012 to improve the institutional environment. To explore the impact of national intellectual property demonstration city policy on foreign capital inflow, we explore the relationship between national intellectual property demonstration city and foreign direct investment (FDI) using the multi‐period differences‐in‐differences (DID) method based on city panel data of China from 2003 to 2019. Results shows the following: (1) Compared with non‐demonstration cities, national intellectual property demonstration cities are profit to FDI promotion. If a city is rated as a national intellectual property demonstration city, local FDI will increase by 5% on average. After a series of robustness tests, the conclusion is still tenable. (2) We find that the national intellectual property demonstration city policy has obvious urban heterogeneity. The effect of national intellectual property demonstration city policy on the increase in FDI is more significant in central cities, western cities, and key cities. (3) The mechanism test shows that national intellectual property demonstration city policies have a positive effect on FDI through increasing the government's strategic expenditure on intellectual property, improving urban technology innovation capacity, optimizing human capital structure, and promoting the marketization of cities. Therefore, China should continue to implement the policy of national intellectual property demonstration city, especially increasing the number of national intellectual property demonstration city in key cities, central cities, and western cities. On the one hand, these findings can help government evaluate the attractiveness of demonstration cities for FDI. On the other hand, it also provides relevant policy enlightenment for the Chinese government to select appropriate demonstration cities and further refine and implement the national intellectual property demonstration city policies.
Preoperative estimation of vertical profunda artery perforator flap weight using computed tomography angiography for breast reconstruction
Authors: Matsumine Hajime , Shimizu Haruka , Niimi Yosuke 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe vertical profunda artery perforator (v‐PAP) flap is limited in terms of the tissue volume that can be harvested but is a suitable graft for Japanese patients with relatively small breast sizes. The objectives of this study were to identify the parameter most closely correlated with v‐PAP flap weight on computed tomography angiography (CTA) images and to create an easy‐to‐use v‐PAP flap weight estimation formula by linear regression analysis using the identified parameter.Patients and MethodsThirty v‐PAP flaps in 25 patients who underwent breast reconstruction were retrospectively analyzed. Mean age was 46.1 (range: 32–73) years, and mean BMI was 20.0 (range: 15.3–23.6) kg/m2. On a CT horizontal section of the thigh taken at level of the center of the long axis of the flap, the following parameters were measured from the anterior margin of the gracilis muscle to the posterior margin of the semimembranosus muscle using image processing software: fat area, fat thickness, thigh circumference, and skin paddle area. Linear regression analysis was then performed with the weight of the harvested v‐PAP flap as the objective variable and the above parameters as explanatory variables to predict skin flap weight.ResultsCorrelations with v‐PAP flap weight of each parameter were as follows: r = 0.66 (p < .0001) for fat thickness, r = 0.32 (p = .081) for total thigh area, r = 0.36 (p = .054) for thigh circumference, r = 0.27 (p = .153) for skin paddle area, and r = 0.84 (p < .0001) for fat area. Thus, the fat area had the strongest correlation with v‐PAP flap weight. The v‐PAP flap weight estimation formula obtained by linear regression analysis including fat area was as follows: 7.3 × fat area + 114 (coefficient of determination: R2 = 0.70, p < .0001, RMSE = 24). The engraftment rate of the 30 v‐PAP flaps was 100%. One patient developed postoperative venous thrombosis at the vascular anastomosis site, but underwent successful microsurgical revision, leading to flap salvage. During the >6‐month follow‐up period, there were no notable complications in the reconstructed breasts and donor sites.ConclusionsThe v‐PAP flap weight estimation formula we developed in this study showed a high correlation with measured values, allowing for easy estimation using only a single CTA horizontal section of the thigh.
Urinary Metabolome Analysis Reveals Potential Microbiota Alteration and Electrophilic Burden Induced by High Red Meat Diet: Results from the French NutriNet‐Santé Cohort and an In Vivo Intervention Study in Rats
Authors: Mervant Loïc , Tremblay‐Franco Marie , Olier Maïwenn , Jamin Emilien , Martin Jean‐Francois , Trouilh Lidwine , Buisson Charline , Naud Nathalie , Maslo Claire , Héliès‐Toussaint Cécile , Fouché Edwin , Kesse‐Guyot Emmanuelle , Hercberg Serge , Galan Pilar , Deschasaux‐Tanguy Mélanie , Touvier Mathilde , Pierre Fabrice , Debrauwer Laurent , Guéraud Francoise 
Published: January 2023

ScopeHigh red and processed meat consumption is associated with several adverse outcomes such as colorectal cancer and overall global mortality. However, the underlying mechanisms remain debated and need to be elucidated.Methods and resultsUrinary untargeted Liquid Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry (LC‐MS) metabolomics data from 240 subjects from the French cohort NutriNet‐Santé are analyzed. Individuals are matched and divided into three groups according to their consumption of red and processed meat: high red and processed meat consumers, non‐red and processed meat consumers, and at random group. Results are supported by a preclinical experiment where rats are fed either a high red meat or a control diet. Microbiota derived metabolites, in particular indoxyl sulfate and cinnamoylglycine, are found impacted by the high red meat diet in both studies, suggesting a modification of microbiota by the high red/processed meat diet. Rat microbiota sequencing analysis strengthens this observation. Although not evidenced in the human study, rat mercapturic acid profile concomitantly reveals an increased lipid peroxidation induced by high red meat diet.ConclusionNovel microbiota metabolites are identified as red meat consumption potential biomarkers, suggesting a deleterious effect, which could partly explain the adverse effects associated with high red and processed meat consumption.
Environmental policies in a Stackelberg differential game
Authors: Cerqueti Roy , Correani Luca , Di Dio Fabio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe develop a Stackelberg differential game to analyze the economic effects of the reduction plan through two policy instruments, tradable permits and taxes on emissions. Emissions are a by‐product of firm output. The authority acts as a Stackelberg leader, able to set the optimal instrument's level in the light of a finite‐horizon environmental target. We show that the optimal solution of the game is dynamically consistent. Moreover, optimal environmental policies substantially impact the level and composition of economic activity. The differentiation between “clean” and “dirty” firms allows us to assess distributional effects and how environmental technology may influence the game's outcome. Results are shown to be robust under different parameterizations.
Safeguarding the retention of nurses: A systematic review on determinants of nurse's intentions to stay
Authors: Pressley Charlene , Garside Joanne 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimTo explore factors that influence registered nurses' intention to stay working in the healthcare sector.DesignA systematic review and narrative synthesis.MethodsCINAHL, Medline and Cochrane library databases were searched from Jan 2010 to Jan 2022 inclusive and research selected using a structured criterion, quality appraisal and data extraction and synthesis were guided by Campbell's Synthesis Without Meta‐analysis.ResultsThirty‐four studies identified that nurses stay if they have job satisfaction and/or if they are committed to their organizations. The factors permeating these constructs weigh differently through generations and while not an infallible explanation, demonstrate stark differences in workplace needs by age, which influence the intention to stay, job satisfaction, organizational commitment and ultimately nurse turnover.Public ContributionEnvironmental, relational and individual factors have bearing on improving nurse satisfaction and commitment. Understanding why nurses stay through a generational behavioural and career stage lens can bolster safeguarding nurse retention.
Micro models of COVID 19 pandemic governance: Reflections on the strategies taken by two states in India
Authors: Dash Roma Ranu , AR Anupama 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSince the outbreak of the Covid 19 pandemic, governments across the world including India, a South‐Asian country is busy ‘strategizing’, ‘managing’ ‘containing’ the crisis to restrict its spread. But given the vastness and diversity of the Indian territory, one pan Indian model of is not possible and the states have been working in consonance with the centre in a matter of ‘cooperative federalism’ and are implementing various micro models of Covid 19 governance. This paper explores the micro models of governance strategies taken by states in India namely, Kerala located in its Southern coast and Odisha in the Eastern coast which have been experiencing disasters be it health or natural calamities. Inspite of the differences in social development indicators between both the states, they have managed to keep the death rates lower in the initial phases of the outbreak in comparison to other states. This is reflected in the strategies they took in controlling the pandemic like “preparedness” “decentralisation”, “community participation”. However, inspite of deploying various governance models, the gradual unlocking led to the explosion of positive cases as a result of which the challenges to deal with the pandemic still looms large.
Shell structure control of monodisperse polystyrene‐silver composite microspheres and synthesis of epoxy resin‐based anisotropic conductive adhesives
Authors: Liu Yang , Xu Lu , Liu Baijun , Zhang Mingyao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMonodisperse polystyrene‐silver (PS‐Ag) composite microspheres were used to enhance the electrical conductivity of epoxy resin‐based anisotropic conductive adhesives (ACAs). Specially designed PS‐Ag composite microspheres were used as conductive elements to construct anisotropic conductive arrays. In addition, the surface microstructure and morphology of PS‐Ag composite microspheres were controlled by adjusting the silver precursor concentration and implemented electroless plating method. The size and conductivity of the final composite microspheres used for ACAs were 2.572 μm and 81,967 S cm−1, respectively. In addition, diglycidyl ether of bisphenol‐A (DGEBA) epoxy resin and polyamide resin were used as the matrix resin and curing agent, respectively, to predict the optimum curing process parameters based on curing kinetics. Based on this premise, carboxyl‐terminated butadiene‐acrylonitrile (CTBN) and PS‐Ag composite microspheres were used as the toughening agent and conductive filler, respectively, and a facile strategy was developed to prepare ACAs (viz., PS‐Ag/Ep‐ACAs). As the PS‐Ag composite microspheres exhibited a submicron structure, PS‐Ag/Ep‐ACAs creatively exhibited satisfactory anisotropic electrical and mechanical properties. Therefore, the research strategy and fabrication methods proposed demonstrate immense potential for the fabrication of large‐scale ACAs in practical applications.
A micro‐macromechanical approach for analyzing creep in randomly oriented short fiber composites
Authors: Rafiee Roham , Ghamarzadeh Ali 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe main purpose of this research is to develop a model investigating creep phenomenon in polymeric composites reinforced with randomly oriented short fibers. The creep phenomenon is first analyzed in a representative volume element of a long‐fiber composites at the scale of micro through an implicit approach. Then, creep analysis is performed at laminate level as the macro‐scale analysis. Then, creep response of a quasi‐isotropic laminate is obtained where the outputs of the micro‐scale analysis are fed as input data to the macro‐scale modeling. Laminate analogy is properly integrated with creep modeling technique to obtain the creep behavior of randomly oriented short fiber composites. The results of modeling are compared with published experimental data revealing the proper performance of the developed modeling for both short‐term and long‐term creep phenomena.
Preparation and characterization of hydrophilic and water‐swellable elastomeric nanocomposites
Authors: Mensah Bismark , Oduro Emmanuel 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHighly polar and hydrophilic polymers; ethylene‐vinyl acetate (EVA), epichlorohydrin rubber (GECO), and polyethylene oxide (PEO) reinforced with fillers (carbon black (CB) and/or Silica) were used to prepare water‐swellable rubber nanocomposites. The study showed that although the high content of the GECO delayed vulcanization of the corresponding compounds, the sample filled with desired ratio of GECO/PEO/EVA or GPE, cross‐linked with peroxide exhibited the highest swelling performance of ⁓150%. The samples exhibited good re‐usability performance in the re‐swollen test, after drying. At prolonged water swelling, the tensile strength dropped drastically for compounds with high content of the GPE, due to weak filler‐matrix interactions. On the other hand, the incorporated GPE also increased the rebound resilience (%) property which is a key requirement in green tire fabrication. For example; peroxide cured sample coded SR3 (GPE‐15 phr CB) obtained ⁓30% resilience in non‐swollen state and ⁓53.5% after 1440 min of water‐swelling, which represents a dramatic development of over ⁓78% in rebound resilience. Thus, a proper balance between the GPE content, curing agent and the reinforcements may guarantee high water‐swelling performance and mechanical properties integrity for multifunctional applications such as wound healing, structural works, water collection from oil spillages, and for the development of water‐based sensors.
A Rasch analysis of a rubric that measures the quality of school‐level variables that support a school's implementation of a social and emotional learning program over time
Authors: Ji Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA Rasch analysis was conducted to assess a rubric that measures the quality of school‐level variables that support the implementation of a social and emotional learning (SEL) program. SEL planning teams from 84 schools rated the quality of school‐level variables (e.g., principal support, available funds, and resources) that support the implementation of an SEL program in their schools. A Rasch analysis suggested that the rubric was a two‐dimensional solution, Planning and Activity. Ratings were collected for 3 years. Cluster analysis demonstrated that there were five groups of schools with different trends in their implementation process. The analysis demonstrated that the rubric can be improved by revising items and writing additional items to measure the full range of implementation quality.
Specific interchain interactions of poly(ethylene 2,5‐furandicarboxylate) with polyglycolide acid blends and its effect on miscibility
Authors: Han Weiqiang , Liao Xia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPoly (ethylene 2,5‐furan dicarboxylate) (PEF) with excellent physical properties is considered to be a perfect industrial alternative for PET. In this paper, a series of PEF/PGA blends with different mass ratios were prepared, and the miscibility and interchain‐associated interactions of those blends were studied by differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction. Experiment results suggested that there are two specific interchain‐associated interactions between PEF and PGA, which made those two components have good miscibility over the entire composition range and caused the Tgs of the blends slightly lower than the theoretical value calculated by FOX equation. After sufficiently isothermal crystallized at 160 °C, the primary and secondary contribution of these two interchain‐associated interactions between PEF and PGA in blends is reversed. In other words, the interchain‐associated interactions composed of CO of PGA component and CH2 of PEF component is the primary role, the interchain‐associated interactions composed of CO of PEF component and CH2 of PGA component is the secondary role before isothermal crystallization, after isothermal crystallization, which are reversed.
Multicolored structural coloration of carbon nanotube fibers
Authors: Li Run , Zhang Shiliang , Chen Hang , Huang Ya , Wang Baoshun , Wu Xueke , Jiang Qinyuan , Zhao Siming , Wang Fei , Zhao Yanlong , Zhang Rufan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCarbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) are endowed with excellent mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties and are considered promising candidates in numerous cutting‐edge fields. However, the inherent black color of CNTFs hinders their practical application in fields with high aesthetic requirements such as wearable devices and smart textiles. Due to the smooth surface and chemical inertness, CNTFs are hard to be dyed by conventional chemical dyes or colorful inks. Herein, we realize a structural coloration of CNTFs by coating them with two metal oxide layers via atomic layer deposition. The three elements of color, that is, hue, saturation, and brightness, can be controlled by adjusting the types and thickness of each oxide layer. Colorful CNTFs with wide color gamut and high saturation are achieved through different combinations. A film interference model is also established to reveal the mechanism of the structural coloration, which is a comprehensive result of thin‐film interference and surface roughness briefly. The calculated reflectance well fits the measured results by introducing surface roughness parameters. Moreover, the colored CNTFs are not iridescent because of retinal signal delay, which will further expand their applications.