bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Trade‐offs between the instantaneous growth rate and long‐term fitness: Consequences for microbial physiology and predictive computational models
Authors: Bruggeman Frank J. , Teusink Bas , Steuer Ralf 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMicrobial systems biology has made enormous advances in relating microbial physiology to the underlying biochemistry and molecular biology. By meticulously studying model microorganisms, in particular Escherichia coli and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, increasingly comprehensive computational models predict metabolic fluxes, protein expression, and growth. The modeling rationale is that cells are constrained by a limited pool of resources that they allocate optimally to maximize fitness. As a consequence, the expression of particular proteins is at the expense of others, causing trade‐offs between cellular objectives such as instantaneous growth, stress tolerance, and capacity to adapt to new environments. While current computational models are remarkably predictive for E. coli and S. cerevisiae when grown in laboratory environments, this may not hold for other growth conditions and other microorganisms. In this contribution, we therefore discuss the relationship between the instantaneous growth rate, limited resources, and long‐term fitness. We discuss uses and limitations of current computational models, in particular for rapidly changing and adverse environments, and propose to classify microbial growth strategies based on Grimes's CSR framework.
Microwave‐assisted synthesis of praseodymium (Pr)‐doped ZnS QDs such as nanoparticles for optoelectronic applications
Authors: E Muhammed Jubeer , Manthrammel M. Aslam , Subha P. A. , Shkir Mohd , Alfaify S. A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPraseodymium (Pr)‐doped ZnS nanoparticles were synthesized using a low‐cost microwave‐assisted technique and investigations on their structure, morphology, optical properties, Raman resonance, dielectric properties, and luminescence were conducted. Broad X‐ray diffraction peaks suggested the formation of low‐dimensional Pr‐doped ZnS nanoparticles with a cubic structure that was validated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM)/high‐resolution TEM analysis. The energy gaps were identified using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and it was found that the values varied between 3.54eV and 3.61eV for different samples. Vibrational experiments on Pr‐doped ZnS nanoparticles revealed significant Raman modes at ~270 and ~350 cm−1 that were associated with optical phonon modes that are shifted to lower wavenumbers, indicating phonon confinement in the synthesized products. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra of all samples demonstrated that the pure and Pr‐doped ZnS nanoparticles were three‐level laser active materials. Energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy and mapping study confirmed the homogeneous presence of Pr in ZnS. TEM studies showed that the particles were of very small size and in the cubic phase. The samples had high dielectric constant values between 13 and 24 and low loss values, according to the dielectric analysis. With an increase in frequency and a change in the Pr content of ZnS, an intense peak could be seen in the PL spectra at a wavelength of 360 nm, and some other peaks observed corresponded to the transition of Pr3+. The produced nanoparticles were appropriate for optoelectronic applications due to their short dimension, high energy gap, high dielectric constant, and low loss values.
Lipofection with Lipofectamine™ 2000 in a heparin‐free growth medium results in high transfection efficiency in chicken primordial germ cells
Authors: Watanabe Tenkai , Ochi Yuta , Kajihara Ryota , Ichikawa Kennosuke , Ezaki Ryo , Matsuzaki Mei , Horiuchi Hiroyuki 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPrimordial germ cells (PGCs) that can differentiate into gametes are used to produce genome‐edited chickens. However, the transfection efficiency into PGCs is low in chickens; therefore, the yield efficiency of PGCs modified via genome editing is problematic. In this study, we improved transfection efficiency and achieved highly efficient genome editing in chicken PGCs. For transfection, we used lipofection, which is convenient for gene transfer. Chicken PGC cultures require adding heparin to support growth; however, heparin significantly reduces lipofection efficiency (p < 0.01). Heparin‐induced lipofection efficiency was restored by adding protamine. Based on these results, we optimized gene transfer into chicken PGCs. Lipofectamine 2000 and our PGC medium were the most efficient transfection reagent and medium, respectively. Finally, based on established conditions, we compared the gene knock‐out efficiencies of ovomucoid, a major egg allergen, and gene knock‐in efficiencies at the ACTB locus. These results indicate that optimized lipofection is useful for CRISPR/Cas9‐mediated knock‐out and knock‐in. Our findings may contribute to the generation of genome‐edited chickens and stimulate research in various applications involving them.
Prevalence and risk of psychological distress, anxiety and depression in adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Osmani Vanesa , Hörner Lucy , Klug Stefanie J. , Tanaka Luana Fiengo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundAdolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors (CS) face unique psychosocial challenges, which may affect their mental health. However, there are inconsistencies in AYA definitions and varying prevalence data on psychological distress, anxiety, and depression. We aimed to synthesize published literature on prevalence, risk, longitudinal changes, and predictors for these outcomes and estimate pooled prevalences.MethodsWe searched for observational studies published in English before June 1 2022, in PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science. Two researchers extracted independently information on study characteristics, prevalence, and risk. The pooled prevalence (PP) of psychological distress, anxiety, and depression was estimated using random‐effects models. Geographical region, treatment status, and assessment instruments were considered in stratified meta‐analyses.ResultsSixty‐eight studies were included in the systematic review and 57 in the meta‐analyses. We estimated an overall prevalence of 32% (n = 30; 4226/15,213 AYAs; 95% CI, 23%–42%; I2 = 99%) for psychological distress, 29% for anxiety (n = 24; 2828/8751 AYAs; 95% CI, 23%–36%; I2 = 98%), and 24% (n = 35; 3428/16,638 AYAs; 95% CI, 18%–31%; I2 = 98%) for depression. The range of PP of psychological distress varied across geographical regions, treatment status, and assessment instruments. The PP of anxiety varied significantly across continents, while no variations were seen for depression. Studies found higher risks for psychological distress, anxiety, and depression in AYAs compared to older cancer survivors or cancer‐free peers.ConclusionsOur research found that one in three AYA‐CS experience psychological distress or anxiety and one in four are affected by depression, highlighting the need for specialized psychological services for AYA‐CS in oncology settings and AYA‐focused interventions.
Nutritional Composition Profiles and Quality Evaluation of Different Cultivars of Asparagus Officinalis with Potential as Functional Foods and Health‐Care Products
Authors: Liu Wei , Sun Mengyu , Yin Dongxue , Zhang Guofeng , Wang Zhihao , Cui Xiaoqiang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAsparagus officinalis is a health‐care vegetable with homology value of medicine and food. The quality of A. officinalis is greatly different from various cultivars. It is essential to reveal the relationship between the variety and quality. This study investigated six nutritional compositions in ten A. officinalis cultivars, including amino acid, mineral substance, carbohydrate, vitamin C, protein and total sugar. Five chemometrics methods were further employed to evaluate their quality. The results consistently showed that ten varieties were divided into three grades as nutritional composition differences. HuaMiaoF1, JinGuan and FeiCuiMingZhu were grouped into cluster3 with the best quality, and Atlas and Jersey Giant were grouped into cluster1 with the lowest quality. Therefore, HuaMiaoF1, JinGuan and FeiCuiMingZhu can be suggested as good raw materials for medicine, food and health‐care products industries. Meanwhile, the comprehensive application of five chemometrics methods was confirmed as a reliable methodology for quality evaluation of A. officinalis.
Structurally Diverse Sesquiterpenoids from the Genus of Ainsliaea
Authors: Zhuang Yi‐Xin , Wang Shu‐Xuan , Luo Shan‐Rong , Ma Lie‐Feng , Zhan Zha‐Jun 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe genus of Ainsliaea embraces approximately 70 recognized species, many of which have been used to treat various diseases in folklore medicines. As the main metabolites of Ainsliaea plants, Ainsliaea sesquiterpenoids have drawn considerable attention in related scientific communities due to their intriguing structures and a variety of bioactivities. In this review, we intend to provide a full‐aspect coverage of sesquiterpenoids reported from the genus of Ainsliaea, including 145 monomeric sesquiterpenoids and 30 oligomeric ones. Multiple aspects will be summarized, including their classification, distributions, structures, bioactivities, and biomimetic syntheses. In addition, their possible biosynthetic pathway will be discussed in detail.
The association of major adverse limb events and combination stent and atherectomy in patients undergoing revascularization for lower extremity peripheral artery disease
Authors: Gressler Laura E. , Ramkumar Niveditta , Marinac‐Dabic Danica , dosReis Susan , Goodney Philip , Daniel Mullins C. , Shaya Fadia T. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe effectiveness of combined atherectomy and stenting relative to use of each procedure alone for the treatment of lower extremity peripheral artery disease has not been evaluated.AimsThe objective of this study was to evaluate the short‐ and long‐term major adverse limb event (MALE) following the receipt of stenting, atherectomy, and the combination of stent and atherectomy.MethodsA retrospective cohort of patients undergoing atherectomy, stent, and combination stent atherectomy for lower extremity peripheral artery disease was derived from the Vascular Quality Initiative (VQI) data set. The primary outcome was MALE and was assessed in the short‐term and long‐term. Short‐term MALE was assessed immediately following the procedure to discharge and estimated using logistic regression. Long‐term MALE was assessed after discharge to end of follow‐up and estimated using the Fine‐Gray subdistribution hazard model.ResultsAmong the 46,108 included patients, 6896 (14.95%) underwent atherectomy alone, 35,774 (77.59%) received a stent, and 3438 (7.5%) underwent a combination of stenting and atherectomy. The adjusted model indicated a significantly higher odds of short‐term MALE in the atherectomy group (OR = 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI]:1.16–1.57), and not significantly different odds (OR = 0.93; 95% CI:0.77–1.13) in the combination stent and atherectomy group when compared to stenting alone. With regard to long‐term MALE, the model indicated that the likelihood of experiencing the outcome was slightly lower (HR = 0.90; 95% CI:0.82–0.98) in the atherectomy group, and not significantly different (HR = 0.92; 95% CI:0.82–1.04) in the combination stent and atherectomy group when compared to the stent group.ConclusionsPatients in the VQI data set who received combination stenting and atherectomy did not experience significantly different rates of MALE when compared with stenting alone. It is crucial to consider and further evaluate the influence of anatomical characteristics on treatment strategies and potential differential effects of comorbidities and other demographic factors on the short and long‐term MALE risks.
Unlocking New Prenylation Modes: Azaindoles as a New Substrate Class for Indole Prenyltransferases
Authors: Gardner Eric D. , Johnson Bryce P. , Dimas Dustin A. , McClurg Heather E. , Severance Zachary C. , Burgett Anthony W. , Singh Shanteri 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAza‐substitution, the replacement of aromatic CH groups with nitrogen atoms, is an established medicinal chemistry strategy for increasing solubility, but current methods of accessing functionalized azaindoles are limited. In this work, indole‐alkylating aromatic prenyltransferases (PTs) were explored as a strategy to directly functionalize azaindole‐substituted analogs of natural products. For this, a series of aza‐L‐tryptophans (Aza‐Trp) featuring N‐substitution of every aromatic CH position of the indole ring and their corresponding cyclic Aza‐L‐Trp‐L‐proline dipeptides (Aza‐CyWP), were synthesized as substrate mimetics for the indole‐alkylating PTs FgaPT2, CdpNPT, and FtmPT1. We then demonstrated most of these substrate analogs were accepted by a PT, and the regioselectivity of each prenylation was heavily influenced by the position of the N‐substitution. Remarkably, FgaPT2 was found to produce cationic N‐prenylpyridinium products, representing not only a new substrate class for indole PTs but also a previously unobserved prenylation mode. The discovery that nitrogenous indole bioisosteres can be accepted by PTs thus provides access to previously unavailable chemical space in the search for bioactive indolediketopiperazine analogs.
Flocculating oil sands tailings with dual anionic/cationic polymers: Dose and charge density effects
Authors: Dixon Daniel V. , Soares João B. P. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA two‐step process, with anionic hydrolyzed polyacrylamide (HPAM) and cationic poly(vinylbenzyl trimethylammonium chloride) (PVBTMAC), was used to flocculate oil sands mature fine tailings (MFT). The charge density of HPAM and the dosages of HPAM and PVBTMAC were varied to maximize the dewatering of MFT and minimize the turbidity of the supernatant. The dual flocculant system performed better at lower doses than when used alone. The best HPAM charge density for fast initial settling rate and high sediment solids content was 32%, but it increased to 38% for best sediment dewatering, as measured by capillary suction time. The clearest supernatants were found when the zeta potential approached 0 mV because the cationic PVBTMAC neutralized the surface charges of the particles suspended in the MFT. More importantly, undiluted MFT was flocculated with the HPAM/PVBTMAC system and then filtered at low‐pressure (69 kPag), resulting in a filter cake with a high solids content of 61 wt.%. This study shows that treating MFT with a combination of anionic and cationic polymer is a flexible way to optimize flocculation performance.
Selective Conversion of Propane by Electrothermal Catalysis in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell
Authors: Yang Cong‐Hua , Liu Xiao‐Chen , Li Youcong , Yuan Shuai , Wang Tao , Zhou Zhi‐You , Sun Shi‐Gang 
Published: August 2023

AbstractElectrochemical conversion of alkanes to high value‐added oxygenated products under a mild condition is of significance. Herein, we effectively couple the electrocatalysis of H2O2 with the thermo‐catalysis of propane oxidation in the cathode of proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Specifically, H2O2 is in‐situ generated on the nitric acid‐treated carbon black (C‐acid) via 2e− process of oxygen reduction reaction, and then transports to the Fe active sites of MIL‐53 (Al, Fe) metal–organic frameworks for propane oxidation. Based on this strategy, the space‐time yield of C3 oxygenated products of propane oxidation reaches 2.65 μmol h−1 cm−2, which represents a new benchmark for electrochemical alkane oxidation in the fuel‐cell‐type electrolyzer. This study highlights the importance of multifunctional composite catalysts in the field of electrosynthesis.
AF9 sustains glycolysis in colorectal cancer via H3K9ac‐mediated PCK2 and FBP1 transcription
Authors: He Xuefeng , Zhong Xinyang , Fang Yi , Hu Zijuan , Chen Zhiyu , Wang Yaxian , Huang Huixia , Zhao Senlin , Li Dawei , Wei Ping 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe tumourigenesis of various cancers is influenced by epigenetic deregulation. Among 591 epigenetic regulator factors (ERFs) examined, AF9 showed significant inhibition of malignancy in colorectal cancer (CRC) based on our wound healing assays. However, the precise role of AF9 in CRC remains to be explored.MethodsTo investigate the function of AF9 in CRC, we utilised small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to knock down the expression of 591 ERFs. Subsequently, we performed wound healing assays to evaluate cell proliferation and migration. In vitro and in vivo assays were conducted to elucidate the potential impact of AF9 in CRC. Clinical samples were analysed to assess the association between AF9 expression and CRC prognosis. Additionally, an Azoxymethane‐Dextran Sodium Sulfate (AOM/DSS) induced CRC AF9IEC‐/‐ mouse model was employed to confirm the role of AF9 in CRC. To identify the target gene of AF9, RNA‐seq and coimmunoprecipitation analyses were performed. Furthermore, bioinformatics prediction was applied to identify potential miRNAs that target AF9.ResultsAmong the 591 ERFs examined, AF9 exhibited downregulation in CRC and showed a positive correlation with prolonged survival in CRC patients. In vitro and in vivo assays proved that depletion of AF9 could promote cell proliferation, migration as well as glycolysis. Specifically, knockout of MLLT3 (AF9) in intestinal epithelial cells significantly increased tumour formation induced by AOM/DSS. We also identified miR‐145 could target 3′untranslated region of AF9 to suppress AF9 expression. Loss of AF9 led to decreased expression of gluconeogenic genes, including phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 (PCK2) and fructose 1,6‐bisphosphatase 1 (FBP1), subsequently promoting glucose consumption and tumourigenesis.ConclusionsAF9 is essential for the upregulation of PCK2 and FBP1, and the disruption of the miR‐145/AF9 axis may serve as a potential target for the development of CRC therapeutics.
Emotional food‐cue‐reactivity in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa: An electroencephalography study
Authors: Eichin Katharina Naomi , Georgii Claudio , Schnepper Rebekka , Voderholzer Ulrich , Blechert Jens 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveFood‐cue‐reactivity entails neural and experiential responses to the sight and smell of attractive foods. Negative emotions can modulate such cue‐reactivity and this might be central to the balance between restrictive versus bulimic symptomatology in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and Bulimia Nervosa (BN).MethodPleasantness ratings and electrocortical responses to food images were measured in patients with AN (n = 35), BN (n = 32) and matched healthy controls (HC, n = 35) in a neutral state and after idiosyncratic negative emotion induction while electroencephalography (EEG) was recorded. The EEG data were analyzed using a mass testing approach.ResultsIndividuals with AN showed reduced pleasantness for foods compared to objects alongside elevated widespread occipito‐central food‐object discrimination between 170 and 535 ms, indicative of strong neural cue‐reactivity. Food‐object discrimination was further increased in the negative emotional condition between 690 and 1200 ms over centroparietal regions. Neither of these effects was seen in individuals with BN.DiscussionEmotion modulated food‐cue‐reactivity in AN might reflect a decreased appetitive response in negative mood. Such specific (emotion‐)regulatory strategies require more theoretical work and clinical attention. The absence of any marked effects in BN suggests that emotional cue‐reactivity might be less prominent in this group or quite specific to certain emotional contexts or food types.Public SignificanceNegative affectivity is a risk factor for the development of eating disorders and individuals with eating disorders experience problems with emotion regulation. To better understand the effects of negative emotions, the present study investigated how they affected neural correlates of food perception in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
Current status of outpatient heart failure management in Egypt and recommendations for the future
Authors: Hassanein Mahmoud , Tageldien Ahmed , Badran Haitham , Samir Hany , Elshafey Wassam Eldin , Hassan Mohamed , Magdy Moheb , Louis Osama , Abdel‐Hameed Tarek , Abdelhamid Magdy 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHeart failure (HF) represents one of the greatest healthcare burdens worldwide, and Egypt is no exception. HF healthcare programmes in Egypt still require further optimization to enhance diagnosis and management of the disease. Development of specialized HF clinics (HFCs) and their incorporation in the healthcare system is expected to reduce HF hospitalization and mortality rates and improve quality of care in Egypt. We conducted a literature search on PubMed on the requirements and essential infrastructure of HFCs. Retrieved articles deemed relevant were discussed by a panel of 10 expert cardiologists from Egypt and a basic HFC model for the Egyptian settings was proposed. A multidisciplinary team managing the HFC should essentially be composed of specialized HF cardiologists and nurses, clinical pharmacists, registered nutritionists, physiotherapists, and psychologists. Other clinical specialists should be included according to patients' needs and size and structure of individual clinics. HFCs should receive patients referred from primary care settings, emergency care units, and physicians from different specialties. A basic HFC should have the following fundamental investigations available: resting electrocardiogram, basic transthoracic echocardiogram, and testing for N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide. Fundamental patients' functional assessments are assessing the New York Heart Association functional classification and quality of life and conducting the 6 min walking test. guideline‐directed medical therapy should be implemented, and device therapy should be utilized when available. In the first visit, once HF is diagnosed and co‐morbidities assessed, guideline‐directed medical therapy should be started immediately. Comprehensive patient education sessions should be delivered by HF nurses or clinical pharmacists. The follow‐up visit should be scheduled during the initial visit rather than over the phone, and time from the initial visit to the first follow‐up visit should be determined based on the patient's health status and needs. Home and virtual visits are only recommended in limited and emergency situations. In this paper, we provide a practical and detailed review on the essential components of HFCs and propose a preliminary model of HFCs as part of a comprehensive HF programme model in Egypt. We believe that other low‐to‐middle income countries could also benefit from our proposed model.