bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparing autism phenotypes in children born extremely preterm and born at term
Authors: Joseph Robert M. , Lai Emily R. , Bishop Somer , Yi Joe , Bauman Margaret L. , Frazier Jean A. , Santos Hudson P. , Douglas Laurie M. , Kuban Karl K. C. , Fry Rebecca C. , O'Shea T. Michael 
Published: January 2023

AbstractChildren born preterm are at increased risk for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). There is limited knowledge about whether ASD phenotypes in children born preterm differ from children born at term. The objective of this study was to compare ASD core symptoms and associated characteristics among extremely preterm (EP) and term‐born children with ASD. EP participants (n = 59) from the Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborn Study who met diagnostic criteria for ASD at approximately 10 years of age were matched with term‐born participants from the Simons Simplex Collection on age, sex, spoken language level, and nonverbal IQ. Core ASD symptomatology was evaluated with the Autism Diagnostic Interview‐Revised (ADI‐R) and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS). Developmental milestones, anthropometrics, seizure disorder, and psychiatric symptoms were also investigated. The EP group had lower parent‐reported symptom scores on ADI‐R verbal communication, specifically stereotyped language, and restricted, repetitive behaviors. There were no between‐group differences on ADI‐R nonverbal communication and ADI‐R reciprocal social interaction or with direct observation on the ADOS‐2. The EP group was more likely to have delayed speech milestones and lower physical growth parameters. Results from female‐only analyses were similar to those from whole‐group analyses. In sum, behavioral presentation was similar between EP and IQ‐ and sex‐matched term‐born children assessed at age 10 years, with the exception of less severe retrospectively reported stereotyped behaviors, lower physical growth parameters, and increased delays in language milestones among EP‐born children with ASD.
Aided‐efflux and high production of β‐amyrin realized by β‐cyclodextrin in situ synthesized on surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Authors: Zhu Ying , Zhou Chen , Liu Xia , Li Xinying , Shi Caifang , Zhang Yapeng , Wang Ying , Li Chun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs a plant‐derived pentacyclic triterpenoid, β‐amyrin has been heterogeneously synthesized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, β‐amyrin is intracellularly produced in a lower gram scale using recombinant S. cerevisiae, which limits the industrial applications. Although many strategies have been proven to be effective to improve the production of β‐amyrin, the intracellularly accumulation is still a challenge in reaching higher titer and simplifying the extraction process. To solve this problem, the amphiphilic β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD) has been previously employed to aid the efflux of β‐amyrin out of the cells. Nevertheless, the supplemented β‐CD in the medium is not consistent with β‐amyrin synthesis and has the disadvantage of rather high cost. Therefore, an aided‐efflux system based on in situ synthesis of β‐CD was developed in this study to enhance the biosynthesis of β‐amyrin and its efflux. The in situ synthesis of β‐CD was started from starch by the surface displayed cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) on yeast cells. As a result, the synthesized β‐CD could capture 16% of the intracellular β‐amyrin and improve the total production by 77%. Furthermore, more strategies including inducing system remodeling, precursor supply enhancement, two‐phase fermentation and lipid synthesis regulation were employed. Finally, the production of β‐amyrin was increased to 73 mg/L in shake flask, 31 folds higher than the original strain, containing 31 mg/L of extracellular β‐amyrin. Overall, this work provides novel strategies for the aided‐efflux of natural products with high hydrophobicity in engineered S. cerevisiae.
Internet‐of‐medical‐things integrated point‐of‐care biosensing devices for infectious diseases: Toward better preparedness for futuristic pandemics
Authors: Parihar Arpana , Yadav Shalu , Sadique Mohd Abubakar , Ranjan Pushpesh , Kumar Neeraj , Singhal Ayushi , Khare Vedika , Khan Raju , Natarajan Sathish , Srivastava Avanish K. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMicrobial pathogens have threatened the world due to their pathogenicity and ability to spread in communities. The conventional laboratory‐based diagnostics of microbes such as bacteria and viruses need bulky expensive experimental instruments and skilled personnel which limits their usage in resource‐limited settings. The biosensors‐based point‐of‐care (POC) diagnostics have shown huge potential to detect microbial pathogens in a faster, cost‐effective, and user‐friendly manner. The use of various transducers such as electrochemical and optical along with microfluidic integrated biosensors further enhances the sensitivity and selectivity of detection. Additionally, microfluidic‐based biosensors offer the advantages of multiplexed detection of analyte and the ability to deal with nanoliters volume of fluid in an integrated portable platform. In the present review, we discussed the design and fabrication of POCT devices for the detection of microbial pathogens which include bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. The electrochemical techniques and current advances in this field in terms of integrated electrochemical platforms that include mainly microfluidic‐ based approaches and smartphone and Internet‐of‐things (IoT) and Internet‐of‐Medical‐Things (IoMT) integrated systems have been highlighted. Further, the availability of commercial biosensors for the detection of microbial pathogens will be briefed. In the end, the challenges while fabrication of POC biosensors and expected future advances in the field of biosensing have been discussed. The integrated biosensor‐based platforms with the IoT/IoMT usually collect the data to track the community spread of infectious diseases which would be beneficial in terms of better preparedness for current and futuristic pandemics and is expected to prevent social and economic losses.
Development of a mammalian neurosensory full‐thickness skin equivalent and its application to screen sensitizing stimuli
Authors: Freer Matthew , Darling Nicole , Goncalves Kirsty , Mills Kevin J. , Przyborski Stefan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHuman skin equivalents (HSEs) are an increasingly popular research tool due to limitations associated with animal testing for dermatological research. They recapitulate many aspects of skin structure and function, however, many only contain two basic cell types to model dermal and epidermal compartments, which limits their application. We describe advances in the field skin tissue modeling to produce a construct containing sensory‐like neurons that is responsive to known noxious stimuli. Through incorporation of mammalian sensory‐like neurons, we were able to recapitulate aspects of the neuroinflammatory response including secretion of substance P and a range of pro‐inflammatory cytokines in response to a well‐characterized neurosensitizing agent: capsaicin. We observed that neuronal cell bodies reside in the upper dermal compartment with neurites extending toward the keratinocytes of thestratum basalewhere they exist in close proximity to one another. These data suggest that we are able to model aspects of the neuroinflammatory response that occurs during exposure to dermatological stimuli including therapeutics and cosmetics. We propose that this skin construct can be considered a platform technology with a wide range of applications including screening of actives, therapeutics, modeling of inflammatory skin diseases, and fundamental approaches to probe underlying cell and molecular mechanisms.
Comparing threeXRtechnologies in reviewing performance‐based building design: A pilot study of façade fenestrations
Authors: Zhao Shenghuan , Ni Yaxue , Dong Guozheng , Tian Jianglan , Chen Yulin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExtended reality (XR), including augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), and virtual reality (VR), can make complex information more intuitively understandable. However, it still needs to be determined which XR technology is the most suitable for reviewing performance‐based building design, during which architects check whether design strategies increase energy efficiency, indoor environment quality and so forth. It requires comprehensive design and simulation information to be vividly represented. The authors develop three XR apps (AR, MR, and VR) to interactively visualize façade fenestration geometries and indoor illuminance simulations. Then XR technologies are assessed by 120 students and young architects, from task performance and engagement level two aspects. The task performance is measured by correct rate and time consumption two indicators, while the engagement level is measured by usability and interest two indicators. Evaluation results show that compared to AR and VR, MR is the best XR technology for this aim. VR outperforms AR on three indicators except for usability. By exposing three different XR technologies' performances in aiding fenestration design, this study increases the practical value of applying XR to the building design field.
RGD Cyclopeptide Equipped with a Lysine‐Engaging Salicylaldehyde Showing Enhanced Integrin Affinity and Cell Detachment Potency
Authors: Sacco Giovanni , Arosio Daniela , Paolillo Mayra , Gloger Andreas , Scheuermann Jörg , Pignataro Luca , Belvisi Laura , Dal Corso Alberto , Gennari Cesare 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSalicylaldehyde (SA) derivatives are emerging as useful fragments to obtain reversible‐covalent inhibitors interacting with the lysine residues of the target protein. Here the SA installation at the C terminus of an integrin‐binding cyclopeptide, leading to enhanced ligand affinity for the receptor as well as stronger biological activity in cultured glioblastoma cells is reported.
Soft Matter Engineering for the Fabrication of Functionalized Casein Microparticles
Authors: Asaduzzaman Md , Schulte Jann , Gebhardt Ronald 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe structural features of the most abundant milk protein casein can be exploited for the targeted production of microparticles with desired properties. After the addition of pectin, the so‐called casein micelles reversibly form aggregates of several µm in size, which change their shape due to shear and elongation forces. The soft properties are crucial for the subsequent solidification into stable casein microparticles during film drying. Based on pH‐dependent experiments, we show how we analyze and tailor the swelling and disintegration properties of the microparticles for future controlled and instant release applications.
Glucose in the photobox – a new method for photometric glucose determination in chemistry classes by using digital media
Authors: Fleischer Holger , Reinmold Marco , Salzner Jens , Lühken Arnim 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMit der photometrischen Verfolgung der Oxidation von Glucose in einer schwach alkalischen Iod‐Kaliumiodid‐Stärke‐Lösung wird eine neue Methode vorgestellt, um Glucose quantitativ zu bestimmen. Durch die Oxidation der Glucose sinkt die Konzentration des blauen Polyiodid‐Amylose‐Komplexes, was sich photometrisch verfolgen lässt. Unter Bedingungen einer Kinetik pseudo‐erster Ordnung ist die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit proportional zur Extinktion der Lösung. Die Geschwindigkeitskonstante k‘ dieser Reaktion ist proportional zu c0(Glucose). Damit kann über die Geschwindigkeitskonstante k‘ eine unbekannte Glucose‐Konzentration ermittelt werden. Die Datenauswertung erfordert einfache Kenntnisse in der Reaktionskinetik. Die in der Lösung ablaufenden Reaktionen lassen sich zur Vertiefung der Themen chemische Gleichgewichte und Redoxreaktionen nutzen. Das Verfahren ist für einen Einsatz im Chemieunterricht der Sekundarstufe 2 geeignet und kann motivierend zur Analyse verschiedener Erfrischungsgetränke und Säfte eingeführt werden. Schließlich ermöglicht die Messmethode den Einsatz digitaler Medien im Chemieunterricht. Das Photometer kann dazu durch ein Smartphone ersetzt werden, wenn eine App installiert ist, die die Farbtiefe der Lösung zeitaufgelöst analysieren kann. Der Bau einer entsprechenden „Photometer‐Messzelle“ wird beschrieben. Die Messergebnisse mit dem Smartphone stimmen sehr gut mit denen aus dem Photometer überein.
Development of myocarditis and pericarditis after COVID‐19 vaccination in children and adolescents: A systematic review
Authors: Fatima Maurish , Khan Muhammad H. A. , Ali Muhammad S. , Osama Muhammad , Cheema Huzaifa A. , Ahmed Aleena , Nisar Amna , Murad Muhammad W. , Farooq Hareem , Aemaz Ur Rehman Muhammad , Swed Sarya , Akbar Usman A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMyocarditis and pericarditis have been reported after COVID‐19 vaccine administration in children and adolescents, raising the concern about their possible association with these vaccines. The objective was to explore the incidence, clinical presentation, and association of myocarditis and pericarditis with COVID‐19 vaccines in children and adolescents. We conducted a systematic literature search on three databases, that is, Cochrane, MEDLINE/PubMed, and EMBASE from inception till March 2022. A total of three case reports, four case series, and six observational studies were included in the review. For case reports and case series, the mean age of the patients was 17.4 years, with 96.9% being male. Chest pain (n = 31, 93.9%), fever (n = 18, 54.5%), myalgias (n = 15, 45.4%) and headache (n = 9, 27.2%) were the most common presentations. Out of 33 patients, 32 (96.9%) of patients received Pfizer‐BioNTech whereas only one (3.03%) received Moderna (mRNA 1273). Clinical investigations revealed ST elevation (n = 32, 97%), and elevated CRP (n = 9, 27.2%) and cardiac troponin (n = 29, 87.8%). The pooled incidence of myocarditis and pericarditis from observational studies was (0.00063%) and (0.000074%) %, respectively. Myocarditis and pericarditis in children and adolescents after the COVID‐19 vaccines were more prevalent among males and more commonly observed after the second dose of Pfizer. Though the overall incidence was low, however, the clinicians should consider myocarditis and pericarditis as probable diagnosis when encountering young patients, with a history of vaccine administration, presenting with suggestive findings.
Optical Physical Mechanisms of Helicene Carbon Nanohoop with Möbius Topology
Authors: Li Ning , Sun Mengtao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOptical and spectral properties of carbon nanohoop with Möbius topology is of great interest in nano‐science and nano‐technology. And it can be imagined that it has a lot of unexpected potential application prospects. However, theoretical calculations based on some figure‐of‐eight helicene carbon nanohoop with Möbius topology are still insufficient. Therefore, in this paper, we theoretically study the optical and spectral properties of figure‐of‐eight helicene carbon nanohoop with Möbius topology. Optical and spectral properties are analyzed with visualization method of transition density matrix and charge density difference, which reveal the unique characterization of carbon nanohoop with Möbius topology. Our results can not only deepen the understanding of the optical physical mechanisms of the nanorings with mobius carbons, but also provide deeper insight on optical properties and potential design on optical nanodevices.
Cobalt Nanoparticles Anchored on N‐Doped Porous Carbon Derived from Yeast for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction Reaction
Authors: Sun Jiankang , Wang Zhengyun , Xu You , Zhang Tiansui , Zhu Deyu , Li Guangfang , Liu Hongfang 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBiomass‐derived carbon materials have received extensive attention for use in high‐performance electrocatalysts. In this study, a highly efficient electrocatalyst is developed with Co nanoparticles anchored on N‐doped porous carbon material (CoNC) by using yeast as a biomass precursor through a facial activation and pyrolysis process. CoNC exhibits comparable catalytic activity with commercial 20 % Pt/C for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) with a half‐wave potential of 0.854 V. A home‐made primary Zn–air battery exhibited an open circuit potential of 1.45 V and a peak power density of 188 mW cm−2. Moreover, the discharge voltage of the primary battery maintained at a stable value up to 9 days. The enhanced performance of CoNC was probably ascribed to its high content of pyridinic‐N and graphitic‐N species, extra Co loading and porous structure, which provided sufficient active sites and channels to promote mass/electron transfer for ORR. This work provides a promising strategy to develop an efficient non‐noble metal carbon‐based electrocatalyst for fuel cells and metal–air batteries.
An adaptive two‐level hierarchical controller for universal power sharing and performance enhancement of hybrid energy storage‐supported AC/DC microgrids
Authors: Satheesan Jithin , Thankappan Nair Rajeev 
Published: January 2023

SummaryThe uncertainties in generation from renewable energy sources and randomness in electric vehicle charging/discharging make the generation and load in the grid more volatile. The large‐scale integration of renewable energy sources and electric vehicles has necessitated the remodeling of conventional control schemes in the microgrid. This article presents an adaptive two‐level hierarchical controller that enriches hybrid AC/DC microgrid performance. The virtual synchronous machine‐based primary controller determines the operating mode of the interlinking converter. In addition, it maintains the system's stability by providing virtual inertia support. The communication‐based secondary controller adaptively chooses the scaling factors based on hybrid AC/DC microgrid operating conditions. The adaptive secondary control loop implemented with the primary controller and hybrid energy storage system reduces the frequency/voltage deviations under extreme load volatility and enhances the transient and steady‐state performance. The novelty of the proposed two‐level hierarchical controller is that the general purpose adaptive scheme improves the power sharing in the microgrid under normal and volatile source and load conditions. The simulations and experimental results confirm the efficacy of the proposed controller. Furthermore, the hierarchical two‐level controller performance is validated using real‐time experiments on a hardware‐in‐the‐loop simulator, OPAL‐RT, and Raspberry Pi microcontroller. The real‐time analysis ascertains that the proposed two‐level hierarchical controller effectively preserves the frequency and voltage profiles and provides accurate power sharing between the subgrids.
Real‐time estimation of the electron temperature profile in DIII‐Dby leveragingneural‐networksurrogate models
Authors: Morosohk Shira , Schuster Eugenio 
Published: January 2023

AbstractControl of both the magnitude and the shape of tokamak profiles will be necessary to achieve stable, high‐performance plasmas. In order to reject disturbances in real time, feedback‐control algorithms rely on accurate real‐time knowledge of the plasma state. When diagnostics alone are insufficient, because they are limited in number or their measurements are too noisy, observers can be used to combine diagnostic data with a response model to provide a better estimation of different plasma properties. An observer has been developed to estimate the electron temperature profile in real time using both diagnostic data from the Thomson scattering system and a model based on the electron heat transport equation describing the evolution of the electron temperature profile. Neural network surrogate models are leveraged to help improve the overall model prediction while staying within computation time constraints for real‐time use. The observer algorithm is shown in offline tests to produce smooth profiles that are consistent with both the diagnostic data and the electron heat transport equation. When implemented into the real‐time plasma control system, this observer will provide valuable information on the electron temperature profile to many potential feedback‐control applications.
The comparative evaluation of CK17 expression in histologic and cytological sections of oral squamous‐cell carcinoma using immunohistochemistry
Authors: Torabinia Nakisa , Razavi Sayed Mohammad , Sarrafpour Babak , Ziaei‐Rad Elnaz 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroudSquamous‐cell carcinoma of the mouth accounts for 90% of all oral cancers and despite advances in treatment methods, its 5‐year survival rate is reported to be about 68%. This is due to the late diagnosis of the disease and its resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatments. One of the methods for diagnosing oral lesions is exfoliative cytology, which is a noninvasive method and can be easily carried out in a dental office.AimThe purpose of this study is to find a method that in addition to being fast, accurate and less aggressive has high value and a good degree of accuracy for diagnosis of oral squamous‐cell carcinoma.Materials and MethodsIn this descriptive‐analytical study, 14 patients who were diagnosed with oral squamous‐cell carcinoma and 14 specimens from exfoliative cytology of the same tissue before surgery were examined. Immunohistochemically stained specimens were examined by two pathologists simultaneously. Next, five nonoverlapping sections with magnification (×400) and the number of cells stained with the cytokeratin marker 17 are counted and the average percentage of each slide is determined. One‐sample t‐test is used to analyze the data and significance level in tests is considered 0.05.ResultsIn examining the diagnostic value of cytology, we concluded that out of 280 affected cells, 211 cells were stained. Therefore, the sensitivity of cytology in the diagnosis of squamous‐cell carcinoma of the mouth is 75.4%. In other words, cytology correctly identifies 75.4% of affected cells as affected. Also, the positive predictive value of cytology was 100%.
Preparation of Fe−Co−LDH/MXene modified electrode for sensitive determination of arsenic (III) in aquatic system
Authors: Chen Luyi , Xiao Ping , Hu Bin , Wang Yiwen , Yang Jianmao , Liu Jianyun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract3‐dimensional (3D) Fe−Co−LDH/MXene composite was synthesized by in‐situ synthesis and assembly of Fe−Co−LDH rod around MXene under hydrothermal condition. Due to the unique 3D configuration and good conductivity, the obtained Fe−Co−LDH/MXene modified glassy carbon electrode (Fe−Co−LDH/MXene/GCE) showed excellent electrochemical activity for As(III) detection. Via square‐wave anodic stripping voltammetry, the response current on Fe−Co−LDH/MXene/GCE had good linear relationship with As(III) concentrations (1∼1000 ppt) with superior sensitivity (0.22 μA ppt−1 cm−2) and low detection limit (0.9 ppt). The mechanism of As(III) adsorption was demonstrated. The electrode showed excellent anti‐interference ability. Real water sample analysis demonstrated the Fe−Co−LDH/MXene/GCE was deployable in aqua‐system.