bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in snow cover climatology in Romania (1961-2020)
Authors: Amihaesei Vlad-Alexandru , Micu Dana-Magdalena , Cheval Sorin , Dumitrescu Alexandru , Sfica Lucian , Birsan Marius-Victor 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The response of the cryosphere to a warmer climate is spatially diversified and requires accurate monitoring and understanding. The study analyses the changes in snow cover phenology (the first and last snow cover days - FSC and LSC), duration (SCD, SCDmax) and snow-free days (SFD) in Romania, which includes wide parts of the Carpathian Mountain range (the Eastern, the Southern and Southwestern Carpathians), using daily snow depth observations from 114 weather stations (WS), with long-term and gap-free time series, over the 1961–2020 period. The results are discussed over five elevation bands (< 500, 501-1,000, 1,001–1,500, 1,501-2,000, and > 2,000 m) and over the major Köppen-Geiger climate regions of the country. A delay in FSC and a retreat in LSC was systematically observed throughout the country, with average rates from 1.6 to 2.2 days decade− 1. The observed trends in snow cover phenology are prominent at mid-elevations (500-1,500 m) and in the lowlands (especially below 500 m), feedbacking the intense warming process. Consequently, declines in SCD and SCDmax have been also observed country-wide, especially at mid-elevations (500-1,000 and 1,000–1,500 m) and lowlands below 500 m, with an average rate exceeding 2.0 days decade− 1. Furthermore, the number of snow-free days have a significant growth in most areas, with an important contribution of significant trends (44% of WS). In mountain areas the SFD positive trends are weak and not statistically significant. The elevation dependency of the detected snow cover trends was not systematically observed throughout the major climate regions of the country. Accelerated snow cover changes with elevation were found specific only to the Dfc and Dfb climate regions, within narrow elevation bands (1,000–1,500 m). The high-elevation areas show weak changes in snow cover phenology and duration, mostly not statistically significant. The long-term variability in snow cover parameters shows breakpoints grouped during the 1980s, and mostly in the 1990s period. The analysis of the possible links with the large-scale atmospheric circulation (North Atlantic Oscillation - NAO) revealed that NAO has a significant negative correlation with LSC, SCD, and SCDmax for 30% of stations, mostly located in the north-eastern lowlands of Romania. NAO showed no statistically significant influence on FSC trends.
The Use of Information Technology to improve Interdisciplinary Communication during Infectious Diseases Ward Rounds on the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Willems Jef , Heyndrickx Adeline , Schelstraete Petra , Gadeyne Bram , Cock Pieter , Driessche Stien Vanden , Depuydt Pieter 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Prospective audit with feedback during infectious diseases ward rounds (IDWR) is a common antibiotic stewardship (AS) practice on the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). These interdisciplinary meetings rely on the quality of handover, with high risk of omission of information. We developed an electronic platform integrating infection-related patient data (COSARAPed). In the mixed PICU of a Belgian tertiary hospital we conducted an observational prospective cohort study comparing patient handovers during IDWRs using the COSARAPed-platform to those with access only to conventional resources. The quality of handover was investigated directly by assessment if the narrative was in accordance with SBAR (Situation-Background-Assessment-Recommendation) principles and if adequate demonstration of diagnostic information occurred, and also indirectly by registration if this was only achieved after intervention by the non-presenting AS team members. We also recorded all AS-recommendations. During a 6-month study period, 24 IDWRs and 82 patient presentations were assessed. We found a statistically significant advantage in favor of COSARAPed by indirect evaluation. We registered 92 AS-recommendations, mainly resulting in reduced antibiotic pressure. We concluded that the IDWR is an appropriate platform for AS-interventions on the PICU and that the utilisation of COSARAPed enhances the quality of patient handover.
Beamforming Algorithm for Phased Array Radar in Nonstationary Environments
Authors: Wang Shihan , Chen Tao , Wang Hongjian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The adaptive array processing technology for phased array radar is usually based on the assumption of a stationary environment; however, in real-world scenarios, nonstationary interference and noise deteriorates the performance of the traditional gradient descent algorithm, in which the learning rate of the tap weights is fixed, leading to errors in the beam pattern and a reduced output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). In this paper, we use the incremental delta-bar-delta (IDBD) algorithm, which has been widely used for system identification problems in nonstationary environments, to control the time-varying learning rates of the tap weights. The designed iteration formula for the learning rate ensures that the tap weights adaptively track the Wiener solution. The results of numerical simulations show that in a nonstationary environment, the traditional gradient descent algorithm with a fixed learning rate has a distorted beam pattern and reduced output SNR; however, the IDBD-based beamforming algorithm, in which a secondary control mechanism is used to adaptively update the learning rates, showed a similar beam pattern and output SNR to a traditional beamformer in a Gaussian white noise background; that is, the main beam and null satisfied the pointing constraints, and the optimal output SNR was obtained. Although the proposed algorithm contains a matrix inversion operation, which has considerable computational complexity, this operation could be replaced by the Levinson-Durbin iteration due to the Toeplitz characteristic of the matrix; therefore, the computational complexity could be decreased to O(n), so additional computing resources are not required. Moreover, according to some intuitive interpretations, the reliability and stability of the algorithm are guaranteed.
An atlas of the bone marrow bone proteome in patients with dysproteinemias.
Authors: Ho Matthew , Dasari Surendra , Visram Alissa , Drake Matthew , Charlesworth Cristine , Johnson Kenneth , Pujari Ganesh , Jevremovic Dragan , Kourelis Taxiarchis 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) bone disease is a significant cause of morbidity but there is a paucity of data on the impact of malignant plasma cells on adjacent trabecular bone within the BM. Here, we characterize the proteome of trabecular bone tissue from BM biopsies of 56 patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), smoldering (SMM), newly diagnosed (NDMM), relapsed MM (RMM), and normal controls. Proteins involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) formation and immunity pathways were decreased in SMM and active MM. Among the proteins most decreased were immunoglobulins, type IV collagen, and TIMP3, suggesting increased immunoparesis and decreased ECM remodelling within trabecular bone. Proteins most increased in SMM/MM were APP (enhances osteoclast activity), ENPP1 (enhances bone mineralization), and MZB1 (required for normal plasmablast differentiation). Pathway analyses showed that proteins involved in gamma -carboxylation, a pathway implicated in osteocalcin function, osteoblast differentiation, and normal hematopoiesis, were also overexpressed in SMM/MM. This study is the first comprehensive proteomic atlas of the BM bone proteome in dysproteinemias. We identify new key proteins and pathways for MM bone disease and potentially impaired hematopoiesis, and show for the first time that gamma -carboxylation pathways are increased in the bone tissue of SMM/MM.
An evolutionary numerical method for solution of nonlinear differential equations
Authors: Mahmoodabadi M. J. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This paper describes a new optimum numerical method to analyze nonlinear quadratic Riccati differential equations. To this end, the Finite Difference Method (FDM) is employed to extract an appropriate discretized objective function, and the penalty method is implemented to convert the constrained problem into an unconstrained one via satisfying the initial conditions. Furthermore, the High Exploration Particle Swarm Optimization (HEPSO) is utilized to find the best numerical values of the nonlinear quadratic Riccati differential equation. In order to illustrate the effectiveness of HEPSO, the optimization trajectories are compared with those of a standard Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. Moreover, comparisons are made between Adomians decomposition method (ADM), Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM), the exact solution and the proposed method to expose the accuracy, effectiveness and simplicity of the proposed method.
New record of larval-pupal endoparasitoid Exorista deligata parasitising Indian Tea looper Hyposidra talaca from India
Authors: Sharma Pooja V. , Das Tamal , Mukherjee Susmita , Rahman Azizur , Gathalkar Ganesh B. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
For the first time, we report the occurrence of Exorista deligata (Pandellé, 1896) (Diptera: Tachinidae) parasitising Hyposidra talaca (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), a major invasive pest of Indian Tea, Camellia sinensis (L) Kuntze (Theaceae). The looper pest, H. talaca, completes about 6 to 8 generations per year without diapause on C. sinensis, resulting in heavy crop loss. The field-collected larvae and pupa of H. talaca were reared until the emergence of either adult Hyposidra or parasitoid (Exorista) and subsequently investigated for parasitoid infestations. We observed the immature stages of the parasitoid (larva, pre-pupa, and matured pupa) inside the developing pupa of H. talaca, with complete devouring of the host. The adult parasitoid was identified as E. deligata with the help of morphological characteristics and confirmed by molecular technique, i.e., mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COX-CO1-700bp) gene sequencing, BLAST and phylogeny matching analysis. The species is infrequent, and its parasitoid nature is still unexplored, except for its occurrence on certain hosts. The percent pupal mortality of H. talaca caused by E. deligata was calculated (mean 25.4%, range 5.88%-57.69%) as proof of the findings in light of its possible role as a biological control agent to address the damage mitigation against the tea looper pest, H. talaca in future.
Transportation Revolution and Banking Development：Evidence from Prewar China
Authors: Zhao Jinsong , He Peilin , Yu Chin-Hsien 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This study investigates the effects of railroad placement on the development of modern banking in China from the late nineteenth century to the Pacific War. We construct datasets on railroad stations and bank locations across 250 prefectures between 1895 to 1937. The results show that construction of railroad stations significantly promoted the development of banking. More specifically, a new railroad station in a prefecture brought about 3.063, or 24%, more banks. We explore two potential mechanisms for this, finding that railroad placements stimulated modern banking both through 1) helping develop modern industries along rail routes and 2) through the cooperation of traditional local institutions (qianzhuang). Furthermore, we find that railroad placement allowed areas far from treaty ports to gain connection with the international market. The development of foreign trade also enabled modern banks to develop new business based on cargo mortgages, thus spurring geographic expansion of bank branches.
JEL Classification: N25, N75, O16
SAFE SLEEP EDUCATION BLITZ: A PRE-POST SURVEY STUDY
Authors: Grant Julian , Thornton Charlene , Sivertsen Nina , Gregoric Carolyn , Spurrier Nicola , Deverix Janiene , Steeb Alice , Dyer Susan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background
Due to ongoing concerns about Sudden Infant Death Syndrome and Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy, a safe sleep education blitz was conducted for professional health and care providers in conjunction with the introduction of a safe sleep alternative, the Pepi-Pod program, to Aboriginal families in South Australia. The aim of the study was to explore the effectiveness of the education blitz in building clinical knowledge about safe sleep.
Methods
Surveys were administered pre and post the education blitz intervention to professional health and care workers. Changes in knowledge pre- and post- intervention were measured to determine campaign effectiveness. The education blitz and surveys were conducted online.
Results
The pre intervention test knowledge score mean was 8.6 (SD 2.56) and post intervention was 9.5 (SD 1.22), indicating an improvement in knowledge, although not statistically significant. The lowest scores were seen in the ‘other’ category of providers (mean score 6.4), The greatest improvement was seen in the question: What weakens a baby’s arousal response? with improvement from 83% correct to 100% post intervention.
Conclusions
The education blitz increased safe sleep knowledge and awareness of the Pepi-Pod as a safe sleep alternative. Knowledge among health and care professionals, especially related to the anatomy and physiology of infant arousal and breathing, could be improved by the ongoing availability of the education blitz. This study informs approaches to increasing health and care providers’ knowledge about safe sleep. Despite a high level of health professional knowledge, babies in South Australia continue to die from SIDS and SUDI.
“I just get scared it’s going to happen again”: A qualitative study of the psychosocial impact of pediatric burns from the child’s perspective
Authors: Woolard Alix , Wickens Nicole , McGivern Lisa , Belinelo Patricia de Gouveia , Martin Lisa , Wood Fiona , Rensburg Elmie Janse van , Milroy Helen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Advances in medicine have improved the chances of survival following burn injuries, however, psychosocial outcomes have not seen the same improvement, and burn injuries can be distressing for both the child or young person, negatively affecting their wellbeing. Pediatric burn patients are at a higher risk of developing psychopathology compared to the general population. In order to promote resilience and prevent psychopathology post-burn injury for pediatric burn patients, it is crucial to understand the experience of children and young people after a burn. This study aimed to understand the psychosocial impact that a pediatric burn has as perceived by the pediatric burn patient.
Methods
Seven pediatric burn patients were interviewed from the Perth Metropolitan area on average 3.1 years after their injury. All participants had been admitted to hospital for their acute injury and stayed for a median length of 2 days in hospital. Interviews with pediatric patients took place online, and the patients were asked about their mental health, coping strategies, changes to lifestyle and supports following their burn injury. The interviews were transcribed and then thematically analysed using an inductive approach.
Results
Three overarching themes emerged from the interviews: burn-specific impact on the child or young person (including appearance concerns, family factors, and lifestyle factors), the psychological impact (including positive and negative impact on mental health), and factors supporting the recovery journey (including coping strategies and support services). The participants in our study highlighted issues they faced during recovery, the positive and negative impacts of the injury and recovery process and provided suggestions for future opportunities to bolster resilience and promote growth for pediatric burn patients who may face similar challenges in the future.
Conclusion
Factors that improve the mental health and wellbeing of pediatric burn patients should be promoted, such as mental health and social supports, the promotion of adaptive coping mechanisms, and meeting the needs of the family unit as a whole. Ultimately, the implementation of trauma-focused, family centred interventions is crucial for the psychosocial recovery of pediatric burn survivors.
Common genetic variants contribute to heritability of age at onset of schizophrenia
Authors: Muntané Gerard , Sada Ester , Aranda Selena , Martorell Lourdes , Vilella Elisabet , Papiol Sergi , Heilbronner Urs , Schulze Thomas G. , Kalman Janos , Molto Maria Dolores , Aguilar Eduardo , González-Peñas Javier , Andreu-Bernabeu Álvaro , Arango Celso , Crespo-Facorro Benedicto , González-Pinto Ana Maria , Fananas Lourdes , Arias Bárbara , Bobes Julio , Costas Javier 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSchizophrenia (SCZ) is a complex disorder that typically arises in late adolescence or early adulthood. Age at onset (AAO) of SCZ is associated with long-term outcomes of the disease. We explored the genetic architecture of AAO with a genome-wide association study (GWAS), heritability, polygenic risk score (PRS), and copy number variant (CNV) analyses in 4 740 subjects of European ancestry. Although no genome-wide significant locus was identified, SNP-based heritability of AAO was estimated to be between 17 and 21%, indicating a moderate contribution of common variants. We also performed cross-trait PRS analyses with a set of mental disorders and identified a negative association between AAO and common variants for Schizophrenia, childhood maltreatment and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. In addition, we explored whether copy number variants (CNVs) previously associated with SCZ played a role in AAO and found that there was no association with earlier onset. To our knowledge, this is the largest GWAS of AAO of SCZ to date, and the first study to determine the involvement of common variants in the heritability of AAO. Finally, we evidenced the role played by higher SCZ load in determining AAO but discarded the role of pathogenic CNVs. Altogether, these results shed light on the genetic architecture of AAO, which needs to be confirmed with larger studies.
Prolactin and Non-Puerperal Mastitis: A Multimethodology Observational Study Using Real-World Data
Authors: Yin Yulian , Le Haoxin , Cheng Yifan , Zhong Yuanyuan , Cheng Yiqin , Wang Bing , Meng Tian , Zhou Yue , Ye Meina , Wu Jingjing , Chen Hongfeng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Non-puerperal mastitis (NPM) is an umbrella term for non-specific inflammatory mastitis inflammation with unclear etiology. The objective of the current study is to characterize NPM patients and examine the determinants associated with NPM severity.
Methods
This study analyzed the NPM inpatients admitted to the Department of Breast Surgery, Longhua Hospital Affiliated with Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from 2016 to 2020. We explored NPM patient characteristics through demographics, physical risks, lab tests, and medical history indicators. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify the relationship between the prolactin (PRL) level and NPM severity stratified by breast structure.
Findings
The majority of NPM inpatients had normal breast structures and were of lower average age than those with congenital nipple deformity (p=0.002). Significant positive risk (p< 0.001) association between PRL level and NPM severity was observed among NPM inpatients with normal breast structure in both binomial (OR: 2.91; 95%CI:1.88-4.52) and ordinal regression model (OR: 3.47; 95%CI:2.39-5.08), with age as a protective factor (OR:0.94; 95%CI:0.91-0.97). For NPM patients with nipple deformity, increasing odds of NPM severity regarding higher PRL level was only observed in ordinal logistic regression, which was lower (OR: 2.21; 95%CI: 1.14-4.34; p=0.02) than their peer with normal breast structure.
Interpretation
The risk of NPM severe episodes is higher among patients with higher PRL levels, of which the association is stronger for NPM patients with normal breast structure, implying different pathogenesis between NPM patients with varied breast anatomy. Testification of the analysis model indicates an improvement window for the current NPM severity assessment.
Funding
This study was supported by the second major clinical research project of "Three-year Action Plan for Promoting Clinical Skills and Clinical Innovation in Municipal Hospitals (2020-2022)" (SHDC2020CR2051B), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.82104854), and Shanghai Sailing Program (20YF1449800).
Using an extended model of the reasoned action approach to explore individual behavioral intentions regarding litter prevention in a developing country
Authors: Oduro-Appiah Kwaku , Afful Abraham , Osei-Tutu Henrietta 
Published: January 2023

AbstractImplementing litter prevention strategies is essential for cities of developing countries, especially due to the prevailing high incidence of littering and the urgent need to realize the adverse per capita environmental impact target of the sustainable development goals. In this article, we report the use of the prominent reasoned action approach ––in its original state and in an extended model with moral norms–– for exploring the key socio-cognitive determinants of individuals’ litter prevention intentions in Ghana. By analyzing the valid answers of 447 participants to a structured questionnaire on litter prevention, we found attitudes (β = 0.35, SE = 0.014, p < 0.001) and moral norms (β = 0.57, SE = 0.099, p < 0.001) as the most influencing determinants to individual intentions in the original and the extended models, respectively. The analysis suggests that individuals will stop littering their environments through the implementation of eco-friendly interventions aimed at eliciting self-responsibility and moral obligation. Campaigns targeted at demonstrating the effects of littering on drain blockage, flooding, and disease outbreaks may improve individual litter prevention attitudes. Installing waste receptacles in public spaces along with persuasive messages may also facilitate individual antilittering intentions. Apart from contributing to the implementation of a litter management strategy to reduce the flood risk and enhance the resilience of the Greater Accra region of Ghana, this research helps to close the literature gaps in litter prevention behavior, as well as support the modernization of the municipal solid waste management systems in developing countries.