bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Essential Oil Variability of Juniperus Oxycedrus s.l. Taxa in Southeast Europe–A Chemophenetic Approach
Authors: Rajčević Nemanja , Dodoš Tanja , Vujisić Ljubodrag , Novaković Jelica , Janaćković Peđa , Marin Petar D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe essential oil (EO) composition of 14 natural populations of two Juniperus oxycedrus s.l. Taxa (J. deltoides and J. macrocarpa) was studied in southeast Europe. These two genetically close taxa have different distributions. EOs were dominated by monoterpene hydrocarbons (33.8–64.1%), although sesquiterpenes and diterpenes were also present in high concentrations in several populations. Limonene, α‐pinene, manoyl oxide, and cedrol were the most abundant compounds, though EO profiles differed between taxa. In almost all samples of J. macrocarpa, α‐pinene was the most abundant compound. Most individuals of J. deltoides had one of the three chemotypes– α‐pinene, limonene and limonene/α‐pinene, though six others were detected in a smaller number of individuals. Multivariate statistics examined variability with population, species, and environmental characteristics. The most common chemotypes of J. deltoides allowed the separation of populations along the climate line/proximity to the Mediterranean Sea, with α‐pinene being more common in continental populations. In addition, multivariate statistical analysis based on leaf EO composition showed a clear separation between J. deltoides and J. macrocarpa populations from southeast Europe. This study emphasizes the importance of large‐scale chemophenetic studies.
A Powerful Organic Photosensitizer for Effective Treatment of Malignant Tumors Via Activating Antitumor Immunity
Authors: Shen Tao , Li Min , Bai Qingqing , Shi Hang , Cui Wudama , Wu Xinghua , Tian Yu , Wu Wenbo , Mao Duo , Yu Hai 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as an innovative approach in cancer treatment, effectively inducing tumor cell death through light‐triggered reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Additionally, PDT can also trigger antitumor immune responses, thereby reducing the risk of postoperative tumor recurrence. However, the development of highly efficient photosensitizers aimed at activating immune responses for comprehensive tumor eradication remains at an early stage. In this study, we developed a new organic photosensitizer, ThC, which exhibits excellent mitochondrial‐targeting effect and significantly enhanced ROS production compared to traditional photosensitizers, such as Chlorin e6 (Ce6). Our findings demonstrate that ThC robustly induces immunogenic cell death (ICD) process in hepatic cancer cells, which could effectively transform immunologically “cold” tumors into “hot” tumors. Through in situ injection and subsequent white light irradiation, ThC achieved superior efficacy in eliminating subcutaneous hepatic tumors. Immunological analyses revealed that ThC treatment led to elevated levels of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, along with a reduction in immunosuppressive cell populations (Tregs and tumor‐associated macrophages) within the tumor microenvironment. This study provides a novel therapeutic agent with significant potential for clinical translation for the treatment of malignant tumors.
Chronic Offending and Its Relation to Homicide in a Large, Prospective Brazilian Birth Cohort
Authors: Gomes Hugo S. , Piquero Alex R. , Martins Rafaela Costa , Martins‐Silva Thaís , Esposti Michelle Degli , Blumenberg Cauane , Bauer Andreas , Motta Janaína , Horta Bernardo , Murray Joseph 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundMany studies have found that a small group of chronic offenders is responsible for the majority of crimes and tend to be particularly violent. However, there is a major lack of evidence on chronic offending in low‐ and middle‐income countries; understanding these patterns is especially important in settings with very high levels of serious violence, such as Brazil.AimsTo identify the extent that crime is concentrated in chronic offenders and linked to violence and homicide in a Brazilian cohort.MethodsThe 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort includes 5623 participants followed from birth in 1982 with complete crime records up to age 30. Chronic offenders were defined as individuals who committed five or more offences and, in aggregate, over 50% of all crimes. Key offending characteristics including age of onset, violent and homicide offending, and incarceration rates were compared across three different offender groups (one‐timers, below‐chronic and chronic offenders).ResultsApproximately 27% of participants had a record for at least one crime by age 30, and 5% were chronic offenders. Chronic offenders were responsible for 57% of all crimes, 54% of violent crimes and 68% of homicides. Chronic offenders exhibited more severe patterns of offending on all characteristics examined compared to non‐chronic offenders. Homicides committed by chronic offenders were more likely to involve firearms than those by non‐chronic offenders.DiscussionThis is the first study to analyse chronic offending within a large prospective cohort in a low‐ and middle‐income country. Chronic offending patterns in this Brazilian setting resemble those in high‐income country studies and are highly related to homicides.
Hysteresis Photomodulation within Photochromic Assemblies of [Dy(Tp2−py)F]+ Single‐Molecule Magnets : Influence of the Supramolecular Magnetic Couplings.
Authors: El Beyrouti Nour , Houard Felix , Valverde‐Muñoz Francisco Javier , Caussin Louis , Hojorat Maher , Cordier Marie , Trzop Elzbieta , Rigaut Stéphane , Le Guennic Boris , Bernot Kévin , Norel Lucie 
Published: January 2025

AbstractA 1D coordination compound made of a photochromic dithienylethene linker and [Dy(Tp2−py)F]+ units (with Tp2−py=tris(3‐(2‐pyridyl)pyrazolyl)hydroborate) and having tetrakis[3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate counterions is reported. Full photoconversion from the closed isomer to the open isomer of the dithienylethene within single crystals allow for monitoring of the transformation by photocrystallography. Magnetic slow relaxation as well as magnetic hysteresis are observed and can be both modulated upon light irradiation. Comparison with previously published structures with similar components highlights the role of the supramolecular organization, and of dipolar couplings within these compounds, in driving the nature of the observed hysteresis photomodulation.
Investigation of liquid distribution in gas–solid fluidized beds for fluid cokers
Authors: Cochet Yohann , Briens Cedric , Berruti Franco , McMillan Jennifer 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThermal cracking processes convert larger molecules into smaller, more valuable products, without a catalyst, allowing for transforming residual oils or waste plastics into useful compounds. Fluid coking, a thermal cracking process utilizing a fluidized bed of hot particles, processes approximately 1 million barrels of residual oil daily. This study aims to understand the formation and breakage of wet agglomerates in fluidized beds, which are known to impact the efficiency of thermal cracking by promoting coke formation and fouling. A model is proposed to predict wet agglomerate formation, drying, and breakage. Experiments in a scaled‐down cold model of the reactor provided data to validate the model. The study investigated the effects of spray nozzle penetration and the addition of a baffle on agglomerate behaviour. Results indicate that increased nozzle penetration reduces wet agglomerate formation, and adding a baffle increases agglomerate drying time and promotes breakage, reducing the amount of liquid reaching the reactor outlet. The combined approach of optimizing nozzle penetration and adding a baffle significantly improves fluid coker operation by minimizing the detrimental impact of wet agglomerates.
Comparative Effectiveness of Calcium‐Channel Blockers, Angiotensin‐Converting Enzyme/Angiotensin Receptor Blockers and Diuretics on Cardiovascular Events Likelihood in Hypertensive African‐American and Non‐Hispanic Caucasians: A Retrospective Study Across HCA Healthcare
Authors: Harrison Anil , Rayamajhi Sushil , Shaker Farhad , Thais Schwartz , Moreno Melissa , Hosseini Kaveh 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundHypertension, a leading global risk factor for mortality and disability, disproportionately affects racial and ethnic minorities. Our study investigates the association between the type of prior antihypertensive medication use and the likelihood of cardiovascular events (CVE) and assesses whether the patient's race influences this relationship.MethodsA retrospective study of 14 836 hypertension cases aged ≥ 40 years was conducted using data from HCA Healthcare between 2017 and 2023. Logistic regression was employed to predict the likelihood of CVE and mortality at admission, adjusting for baseline comorbidities, with Race added as an effect modifier. Interaction analysis was performed among races based on antihypertensive medication types.ResultsAfrican American patients on ACE inhibitors (ACE) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) were 1.7 times more likely to have cardiovascular events (CVE) compared to those on calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and 0.66 times as likely compared to diuretics. CCB users had a lower CVE risk than diuretic users. Among White patients, ACE/ARB users had a 1.18 times higher CVE risk than CCB users and 0.45 times lower compared to diuretics, while CCBs offered a 0.38 times lower risk than diuretics. Only ACE/ARB use showed significantly higher CVE odds for African Americans compared to White patients, with similar risks across racial groups for CCBs and diuretics.ConclusionPrior antihypertensive type significantly influenced CVE risk, with race as an effect modifier. CCB users had lower CVE odds than ACE/ARBs or diuretics, and ACE/ARBs showed reduced CVE likelihood compared to diuretics in both racial groups.
Unveiling Gelation and Antimicrobial Potentials of α‐Acyloxy Carboxamides: Findings from Experimental and Theoretical Approach
Authors: Sebastian Sharol , Kumar Manjeet , Hussain Feroze , Rathore Sanju , Rohila Yajat , Meenakshi  , Prakash Shaurya , Kumar Antresh , Bhardwaj Priya , Maruthi Mulaka , Ansari Azaj , Gupta Manoj K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMulticomponent reactions have long been recognized as some of the most versatile tools in organic chemistry, with extensive applications in biomedical science and the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, we explored the potential of the Passerini reaction by designing and synthesizing new low molecular mass gelators that can serve as novel formulations for prolonged anesthesia. These gelators address critical issues like poor solubility, low bioavailability, and short plasma half‐life, all of which hinder therapeutic efficacy. To further understand the gelation mechanism, we performed density functional theory (DFT) calculation for confirming the presence of non‐covalent interactions during gel formation. Additionally, we evaluated the antimicrobial properties of the synthesized compounds, aiming to counter the rise of infectious diseases. These innovative antimicrobial agents could offer solutions to the growing problem of antibiotic resistance, which renders many existing therapies ineffective. Overall, this study aims to develop advanced formulations and antimicrobial agents through the Passerini reaction, providing new strategies for treating infections, minimizing side effects, and combating antibiotic resistance.
Pillar[n]arene‐Based Supramolecular Nanodrug Delivery Systems for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wei Shubin , Cui Xinyi , Li Tingting , Ma Xin , Liu Luzhi 
Published: January 2025

AbstractMacrocyclic supramolecular materials play an important role in encapsulating anticancer drugs to improve the anticancer efficiency and reduce the toxicity to normal tissues through host‐guest interactions. Among them, pillar[n]arenes, as an emerging class of supramolecular macrocyclic compounds, have attracted increasing attention in drug delivery and drug‐controlled release due to their high biocompatibility, excellent host‐guest chemistry, and simplicity of modification. In this review, we summarize the research progress of pillar[n]arene‐based supramolecular nanodrug delivery systems (SNDs) in recent years in the field of tumor therapy, including drug‐controlled release, imaging diagnostics and therapeutic modalities. Furthermore, the opportunities and major limitations of pillar[n]arene‐based SNDs for tumor therapy are discussed.
Binding‐Site Switch for Protein Kinase CK2 Inhibitors
Authors: Grenier Dylan , Gelin Muriel , Yang Yinshan , Mularoni Angélique , Guichou Jean‐François , Delcros Jean‐Guy , Krimm Isabelle 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe serine/threonine protein kinase CK2, a tetramer composed of a regulatory dimer (CK2β2) bound to two catalytic subunits CK2α, is a well‐established therapeutic target for various pathologies, including cancer and viral infections. Several types of CK2 inhibitors have been developed, including inhibitors that bind to the catalytic ATP‐site, bivalent inhibitors that occupy both the CK2α ATP‐site and the αD pocket, and inhibitors that target the CK2α/CK2β interface. Interestingly, the bivalent inhibitor AB668 shares a similar chemical structure with the interface inhibitor CCH507. In this study, we designed analogs of CCH507 using structure‐based and fragment‐based approaches. The ability of these analogs to bind the CK2α/CK2β interface was evaluated using biolayer interferometry and fluorescence anisotropy‐based assays. Their potency to inhibit CK2 kinase activity was determined using the bioluminescent ADP‐Glo assay. These experiments allowed us to investigate which chemical modifications prevent the binding of the compounds at the CK2α/CK2β interface. Seven out of sixteen compounds conserved the ability to bind at the protein‐protein interface, among which three compounds exhibited better interface inhibition compared to CCH507.
β‐Glucuronidase‐Responsive Albumin‐Binding Prodrug of Colchicine‐Site Binders for Selective Cancer Therapy
Authors: Bordes Alexandra , Opalinski Isabelle , Thoreau Fabien , Provot Olivier , Hamze Abdallah , Alami Mouad , Papot Sébastien 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe development of novel therapeutic strategies enabling the selective destruction of tumors while sparing healthy tissues is of great interest to improve the efficacy of cancer chemotherapy. In this context, we designed a β‐glucuronidase‐responsive albumin‐binding prodrug programmed to release a potent Isocombretastatin A‐4 analog within the tumor microenvironment. When injected at a non‐toxic dose in mice bearing orthotopic triple‐negative mammary tumors, this prodrug produced a significant anticancer activity, therefore offering a valuable alternative to the systemic administration of the parent drug.
Single‐cell landscape of the intrahepatic ecosystem in alcohol‐related liver disease
Authors: Zhao Xiaofang , Wang Senyan , Liu Qi , Wei Wenjuan , Sun Xiaoyan , Song Hao , Xu Jing , Zhang Shuijun , Wang Hongyang , Fu Jing 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAlcohol‐related liver disease (ALD) is a common chronic liver disease caused by long‐term excessive alcohol consumption and responsible for more than half of all liver‐related deaths worldwide. The molecular mechanisms associated with ALD were not fully understood. In this study, we performed single‐cell RNA sequencing on liver tissues obtained from ALD patients and healthy liver donors. We identified an ALB+KRT7+ epithelial population that expressed both hepatocyte and biliary markers significantly expanded in ALD livers. The ALB+KRT7+ epithelial cells were demonstrated to have stem cell properties and malignant transformation potentials. Moreover, ALB+KRT7+ epithelium‐derived ALD organoids promote the tumour growth by activating Wnt/β‐catenin signalling of liver cancer cells. Most importantly, blocking the Wnt protein secretion or knockdown the Wnt receptor suppressed the tumour promoting effect of ALD organoids. Our study provides important insights that Wnt signalling can be targeted in patients with advanced alcohol‐related cirrhosis to prevent malignant transformation. In addition, our results also uncovered the important alterations of nonparenchymal cells, especially macrophages and T/NK populations that responsible for active inflammation responses in alcohol‐related hepatitis and immunosuppressive microenvironment in advanced cirrhosis livers, which likely facilitated the malignant progression of ALD.Key points
This study provides single‐cell landscape of human liver samples across different ALD stages.
The ALB+ KRT7+ epithelium were enriched in ALD patients, and the function of this epithelial population varied significantly across ALD stages.
ALB+KRT7+ epithelium from advanced alcohol‐related cirrhosis had malignant transformation potential and tumour promotion activity.
The comprehensive changes of parenchymal and nonparenchymal cells in the ALD livers lay a hidden danger for the further malignant progression.
Functional leaf and plant use by leafcutter bees: Implications for management and conservation
Authors: Sinu Palatty Allesh , Abhiram Krishnan P. , Baby Ashly , Akshatha C. R. , Aneha K. , Unni Anjana P. , Nalamati Harita , Manoj K. , Pooja A. R. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWild solitary bees face a host of challenges from the simplification of landscapes and biodiversity loss to invasive species and urbanization. Pollinator researchers and restoration workers thus far gave much attention to increase flower cover to reduce the impact of these anthropogenic pressures. Over 30% of bee species need nonfloral resources such as leaves and resin for their survival and reproduction. However, the importance of leaves in bee ecology, particularly for leafcutter bees, has received very little attention. Leafcutter bees have global distribution and cut leaves for constructing brood chambers. We have very little information for (a) what bees use and do not use for foraging leaves and (b) what leaf and plant traits and plant community traits drive plant preference and plant usage. To fill this gap and recommend plants for leafcutter bee conservation, we examined 13,062 plants of 612 species and 107 families distributed in 165 plant communities of nine towns/cities of four south Indian states. The plant community of nine locations and four states was quite dissimilar, but had similar proportion of native and exotic plants. The probability of a plant foraged for leaf is governed by its clade, family, nativity, and leaf dimension, particularly the leaf width. Bees have a clear preference for plants of common families, such as Fabaceae, Phyllanthaceae, and Meliaceae for foraging leaves, but bees going to plants of distant lineages, including rare species and families is not rare. At the same time, bees also avoided plants of several cosmopolitan families, such as Apocynaceae, Moraceae, Sapotaceae, and Asteraceae, among others. Bees preferred exotic plants more to native plants. The plant usage in communities is predicted by species richness, proportion of Fabaceae plants in communities, and proportion of herbs; plant diversity and abundance are not crucial drivers. Our study suggests that the bees' preference for leaf‐foraging plants is not random, but governed by leaf, plant, and plant community traits. The preference for exotic plants is helpful for planning urban and homestead greening projects as they are dominated by exotics.
Clinical Experiences Using Family Based Treatment for Eating Disorders
Authors: Gioia Ayla N. , Morales Cate , Laboe Agatha A. , Dolan Sarah C. , Reilly Erin E. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveDespite the availability of several evidence‐based treatments for eating disorders (EDs), including Family‐Based Treatment (FBT), therapist drift from evidence‐based treatments in real‐life clinical settings is common. This study explores clinicians' use of FBT techniques and identifies clinician‐reported barriers to their use in real‐world settings.MethodsClinicians (N = 54) who self‐identified as using FBT for EDs were recruited through social media, professional listservs, and mental health provider databases. Participants completed an online survey comprised of questions developed alongside ED researchers (n = 5). Questions included quantitative self‐rating of frequency of FBT technique use and usefulness, limitations of the treatment, and barriers to effective implementation of FBT.ResultsDescriptive statistics indicated frequent use of most FBT techniques (i.e., Ms > 75 on scales ranging from 0 [never use] to 100 [always use]). On a scale from 0 (not at all a barrier) to 100 (a major barrier), ratings of FBT barriers ranged from 25.07 (i.e., caregiver motivation decreases when learning reasons for ED) to 80.70 (i.e., low time resources). Regarding limitations of FBT, between 37% and 42.6% of participants indicated challenges in establishing an alliance with youth and validating their experiences as barriers to treatment success.DiscussionOverall, clinicians reported frequent use of FBT techniques. Barriers that received higher mean ratings included items related to emotional processes experienced by caregivers, caregiver/patient beliefs related to weight stigma/diet culture, resource and time‐related constraints, and challenges with caregiver buy‐in/beliefs about treatment. Future research should explore ways to adapt FBT to address these barriers within naturalistic settings.
The year of a leaf: Tracking the fate of leaf litter and its nutrients during aquatic decomposition and consumption
Authors: Cereghetti Eva , Bossart Raphaël , Bruder Andreas , Krähenbühl Andrin , Wolf Franziska , Altermatt Florian 
Published: January 2025

AbstractTemperate streams are subsidized by inputs of leaf litter peaking in fall. Yet, stream communities decompose dead leaves and integrate their energy into the aquatic food web throughout the whole year. Most studies investigating stream decomposition largely overlook long‐term trajectories, which must be understood for an appropriate temporal upscaling of ecosystem processes. Using mesocosms, we quantified changes in carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus content of three leaf species during decomposition at weekly to multi‐month intervals for up to a year; then, we tested how decomposition duration affected the subsequent consumption by a keystone amphipod macroinvertebrate. Over a year, nitrogen and phosphorus percentage increased across all leaf species, but only the recalcitrant species maintained initial levels of absolute nitrogen and phosphorus. Prolonged decomposition barely affected or impaired amphipod consumption of labile leaf species, whereas it enhanced feeding on the recalcitrant species. Overall, we demonstrate that recalcitrant leaves might serve as longer stored potential resources for when labile species have already been consumed and that their increasing palatability observed over multi‐month intervals of sustained decomposition may stabilize fluctuations in the rates of leaf litter integration into aquatic food webs. This yearlong perspective highlights the relevancy of slow‐decomposing leaves for aquatic detrital communities.