bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of traditional brewery dried residue and field pea hull mixtures supplementation on feed utilization and performance of Washera sheep fed natural pasture grass hay as basal diet
Authors: Yimenu Shashie Ayele , Abebe Ayalew 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe major feedstuffs (natural pasture and crop residues) used for sheep in Ethiopia are fibrous and the crude protein (CP) content is less than 7% that is inadequate to meet the maintenance requirement of sheep. These poor quality feeds should be improved and can be improved through supplementation with nutritious feedstuff. Therefore, to overcome this challenge, there is a need to look for some alternatives but locally available and cheap sources of protein. In this regard, traditional brewery dried residue (TBDR) and field pea hull (FPH) could be an important sources of feed for ruminant livestock.ObjectivesThis experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of supplementing mixtures of TBDR and FPH on the feed intake, digestibility, live weight gain, and economic feasibility of the feeding treatments.MethodsIn a 3‐month experiment, 20 yearling intact male Washera sheep were blocked based on their initial BW of 22.1 ± 1.58 kg (mean ± standard error of mean), and treatment diets were randomly assigned within a block. Treatments comprised feeding natural pasture grass hay (NPGH) ad libitum + 50 g ground nut cake (GNC) (T1, control); T1 + supplemented with 25% TBDR:75% FPH (T2); T1 + 50% TBDR:50% FPH (T3) and T1 + 75% TBDR:25% FPH (T4). The supplement feed was offered twice a day at 08:00 and 16:00 while, common salt lick and water were available all time.ResultsNPGH, FPH, TBDR, and GNC in the current study contained 5.7%, 13.4%, 22.2%, and 45.4% CP and 62%, 61%, 34%, and 20% neutral detergent fibre, respectively. Sheep in supplemented treatments had higher (p < 0.05) apparent digestibility percentage of dry matter and nutrients than those in T1. Among the supplemented treatments, sheep fed T4 recorded 4.49 kg extra (p < 0.0001) body weight as compared to that fed T1 by growing at an average of 49.8 g/day and returned the highest net income (255.8 Ethiopian birr)ConclusionThus, based on the highest body weight gain and net return, the combinations of 75% TBDR and 25% FPH (T4) appeared to be recommendable for poor farmers.
Variant of strain gradient elasticity with simplified formulation of traction boundary value problems
Authors: Lurie Sergey , Solyaev Yury 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we show that within the class of isotropic Mindlin‐Toupin gradient theories there exist a particular variant of the theory, which allows a completely simplified form of traction boundary value problems. This theory can be obtained assuming that the high‐grade part of the strain energy density depends only on the vector‐type quantities, that are the gradient of dilatation and the curl of small rotation. Such incomplete gradient theory becomes positive semi‐definite and at the same time it obeys the strong ellipticity conditions of the general Mindlin‐Toupin first strain gradient elasticity. Based on the variational approach it is shown that the equilibrium equations of the developed theory and its definition for the surface traction can be given only in terms of the total stresses (like in classical elasticity). Such formulation can be useful for derivation of the closed form solutions for the problems with traction‐type boundary conditions. Examples of the solutions for the problem of cylindrical bending and for the inplane crack tip fields are presented. It is shown that considered theory allows to obtain a regularized solution for the crack problems and at the same time it does not predict a non‐physical infinite increase of the material's rigidity under bending.
Machine-learning and combined analysis of single-cell and bulk-RNA sequencing identified a DC gene signature to predict prognosis and immunotherapy response for patients with lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Zhang Liangyu , Guan Maohao , Zhang Xun , Yu Fengqiang , Lai Fancai 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Innate immune effectors, dendritic cells (DCs), influence cancer prognosis and immunotherapy
significantly. As such, dendritic cells are important in killing tumors and influencing tumor microenvironment,
whereas their roles in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) are largely unknown.

Methods
In this study, 1658 LUAD patients from different cohorts were included. In addition, 724 cancer patients
who received immunotherapy were also included. To identify DC marker genes in LUAD, we used single-cell RNAsequencing
data for analysis and determined 83 genes as DC marker genes. Following that, integrative machine
learning procedure was developed to construct a signature for DC marker genes.

Results
Using TCGA bulk-RNA sequencing data as the training set, we developed a signature consisting of seven
genes and classified patients by their risk status. Another six independent cohorts demonstrated the signature’ s
prognostic power, and multivariate analysis demonstrated it was an independent prognostic factor. LUAD patients
in the high-risk group displayed more advanced features, discriminatory immune-cell infiltrations and
immunosuppressive states. Cell–cell communication analysis indicates that tumor cells with lower risk scores
communicate more actively with the tumor microenvironment. Eight independent immunotherapy cohorts revealed
that patients with low-risk had better immunotherapy responses. Drug sensitivity analysis indicated that targeted
therapy agents exhibited greater sensitivity to low-risk patients, while chemotherapy agents displayed greater
sensitivity to high-risk patients. In vitro experiments confirmed that CTSH is a novel protective factor for LUAD.

Conclusions
An unique signature based on DC marker genes that is highly predictive of LUAD patients’ prognosis
and response to immunotherapy. CTSH is a new biomarker for LUAD.
Detection techniques for carbohydrates in capillary electrophoresis – a comparative study
Authors: Vlčková Nikol , Šimonová Alice , Ďuriš Marta , Čokrtová Kateřina , Almquist Seth , Křížek Tomáš 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCapillary electrophoresis methods for the separation of carbohydrates with four different detection techniques, namely direct UV, indirect UV, capacitively coupled conductivity, and laser-induced fluorescence detection, were tested and their performance was evaluated and compared in terms of linearity, limits of detection and quantitation, repeatability, recovery, analysis time, and sample treatment. The test set of analytes comprised sucrose, glucose, and fructose. The effect of using lactose as an internal standard on the individual methods was investigated, too. The results showed that laser-induced fluorescence detection is a technique of choice for applications requiring the detection of very low amounts of reducing carbohydrates. Contactless conductivity detection is favorable when detection sensitivity is not a crucial parameter but fast and reliable analysis is required. When only a UV detector is available as a standard part of capillary electrophoresis instruments, direct UV detection can be used when analysis time is not a critical parameter. For fast analysis with UV detectors, indirect UV detection is the technique of choice. Finally, to verify the applicability of the tested methods, samples of cola beverage, honey, and orange juice were analyzed and the results obtained by all four methods were compared.
Graphical abstract
Is this news article still relevant? Ranking by contemporary relevance in archival search
Authors: Jatowt Adam , Sato Mari , Draxl Simon , Duan Yijun , Campos Ricardo , Yoshikawa Masatoshi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractOur civilization creates enormous volumes of digital data, a substantial fraction of which is preserved and made publicly available for present and future usage. Additionally, historical born-analog records are progressively being digitized and incorporated into digital document repositories. While professionals often have a clear idea of what they are looking for in document archives, average users are likely to have no precise search needs when accessing available archives (e.g., through their online interfaces). Thus, if the results are to be relevant and appealing to average people, they should include engaging and recognizable material. However, state-of-the-art document archival retrieval systems essentially use the same approaches as search engines for synchronic document collections. In this article, we develop unique ranking criteria for assessing the usefulness of archived contents based on their estimated relationship with current times, which we call contemporary relevance. Contemporary relevance may be utilized to enhance access to archival document collections, increasing the likelihood that users will discover interesting or valuable material. We next present an effective strategy for estimating contemporary relevance degrees of news articles by utilizing learning to rank approach based on a variety of diverse features, and we then successfully test it on the New York Times news collection. The incorporation of the contemporary relevance computation into archival retrieval systems should enable a new search style in which search results are meant to relate to the context of searchers’ times, and by this have the potential to engage the archive users. As a proof of concept, we develop and demonstrate a working prototype of a simplified ranking model that operates on the top of the Portuguese Web Archive portal (arquivo.pt).
Gut microbiota, intestinal permeability, and systemic inflammation: a narrative review
Authors: Di Vincenzo Federica , Del Gaudio Angelo , Petito Valentina , Lopetuso Loris Riccardo , Scaldaferri Franco 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe intestine is the largest interface between the internal body and the external environment. The intestinal barrier is a dynamic system influenced by the composition of the intestinal microbiome and the activity of intercellular connections, regulated by hormones, dietary components, inflammatory mediators, and the enteric nervous system (ENS). Over the years, it has become increasingly evident that maintaining a stable intestinal barrier is crucial to prevent various potentially harmful substances and pathogens from entering the internal environment. Disruption of the barrier is referred to as 'leaky gut' or leaky gut wall syndrome and seems to be characterized by the release of bacterial metabolites and endotoxins, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), into the circulation. This condition, mainly caused by bacterial infections, oxidative stress, high-fat diet, exposure to alcohol or chronic allergens, and dysbiosis, appear to be highly connected with the development and/or progression of several metabolic and autoimmune systemic diseases, including obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). In this review, starting from a description of the mechanisms that enable barrier homeostasis and analyzing the relationship between this complex ecosystem and various pathological conditions, we explore the role of the gut barrier in driving systemic inflammation, also shedding light on current and future therapeutic interventions.
YouTube Commenters’ Discourse of Paedophilia: A Qualitative Social Media Analysis
Authors: Nematy Azadeh , Flynn Susan , McCarthy-Jones Simon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractQuantitative studies have found that although most of the general public holds negative attitudes towards people with paedophilia (PWP), a range of views exist. Nevertheless, these studies provide limited insight into the specific details or variety of attitudes or emotions. This qualitative study aimed to better understand public attitudes towards PWP by exploring how the public reacts to talks about paedophilia given by credentialled experts on social media. Seven such talks, which met our specific inclusion criteria, were selected from YouTube, and public comments on these talks were analysed. The top 100 comments of each video were selected, followed by a saturation strategy. This led to 1234 comments being coded and thematically analysed. Six key themes and eight subthemes were generated, thematically grouped into Haters (sub-themes: ‘violent’ and ‘sophisticated’), Critics (sub-themes: ‘victim erasure’ and ‘not a sexual orientation’), Fence-sitters (sub-themes: ‘ambivalent’ and ‘dispassionate arguers’) and Supporters’ (sub-themes: ‘implicit confirmers’ and ‘compassionate supporters’). These themes reflected a spectrum of views. At one pole, Haters exhibited absolute abhorrence and a desire to dismiss the speaker, whilst, at the other pole, Supporters showed empathy towards non-offending PWP and endorsed the speaker’s perspective. Extremely polarised conversations, commonly evidencing anger and sarcasm and emphasis on the concept of help, were found across dissenting voices. These findings help us better understand the variety of public attitudes and responses to expert-delivered information on paedophilia. The effects of perceived social attitudes on PWP well-being and help-seeking behaviours, which can help prevent offending, require further exploration.
From assessment to a decision: a global framework for the management of energy use in wastewater systems
Authors: Jorge C. , Almeida M. C. , Covas D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA global framework to assess the energy use and efficiency in wastewater systems is presented, focusing on the development of a portfolio of energy use improvement measures specifically tailored to these systems. The framework includes a performance assessment system for energy efficiency in wastewater systems and an energy balance scheme. The development and analysis of the portfolio of measures included the following steps: (i) an extensive review and compilation of existing energy improvement measures on the urban water cycle, (ii) a tailored survey addressed to multidisciplinary teams of wastewater utilities, (iii) the consolidation of the portfolio of measures for wastewater systems with the identification of main benefits and drawbacks of each measure and (iv) the discussion of the application of the improvement measures. Results from the survey for the different assessed dimensions (e.g., priority, importance) of each measure are presented together with a specific analysis of wastewater utilities. The final portfolio is instrumental for utilities to select measures, decide on the priority ones and prepare an implementation plan.
Conserved and Divergent Features of pH Sensing in Major Fungal Pathogens
Authors: Farhadi Cheshmeh Morvari Shadab , McCann Bethany L. , Bignell Elaine M. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose of Review
For human fungal pathogens, sensory perception of extracellular pH is essential for colonisation of mammalian tissues and immune evasion. The molecular complexes that perceive and transmit the fungal pH signal are membrane-proximal and essential for virulence and are therefore of interest as novel antifungal drug targets. Intriguingly, the sensory machinery has evolved divergently in different fungal pathogens, yet spatial co-ordination of cellular components is conserved.

Recent Findings
The recent discovery of a novel pH sensor in the basidiomycete pathogen Cryptococcus neformans highlights that, although the molecular conservation of fungal pH sensors is evolutionarily restricted, their subcellular localisation and coupling to essential components of the cellular ESCRT machinery are consistent features of the cellular pH sensing and adaptation mechanism. In both basidiomycetes and ascomycetes, the lipid composition of the plasma membrane to which pH sensing complexes are localised appears to have pivotal functional importance. Endocytosis of pH-sensing complexes occurs in multiple fungal species, but its relevance for signal transduction appears not to be universal.

Summary
Our overview of current understanding highlights conserved and divergent mechanisms of the pH sensing machinery in model and pathogenic fungal species, as well as important unanswered questions that must be addressed to inform the future study of such sensing mechanisms and to devise therapeutic strategies for manipulating them.
Hi'CT: a pixel sensor-based device for ion tomography
Authors: Chen Yi-Lun , Wang Hong-Kai , Zhang Shi-Yu , Yang Hai-Bo , Zhao Cheng-Xin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCarbon ions, commonly referred to as particle therapy, have become increasingly popular in the last decade. Accurately predicting the range of ions in tissues is important for the precise delivery of doses in heavy-ion radiotherapy. Range uncertainty is currently the largest contributor to dose uncertainty in normal tissues, leading to the use of safety margins in treatment planning. One potential method is the direct relative stopping measurement (RSP) with ions. Heavy-ion CT (Hi′CT), a compact segmented full digital tomography detector using monolithic active pixel sensors, was designed and evaluated using a 430 MeV/u high-energy carbon ion pencil beam in Geant4. The precise position of the individual carbon ion track can be recorded and reconstructed using a 30 μm × 30 μm small pixel pitch size. Two types of customized image reconstruction algorithms were developed, and their performances were evaluated using three different modules of CATPHAN 600-series phantoms. The RSP measurement accuracy of the tracking algorithm for different types of materials in the CTP404 module was less than 1%. In terms of spatial resolution, the tracking algorithm could achieve a 20% modulation transfer function normalization value of CTP528 imaging results at 5 lp/cm, which is significantly better than that of the fast imaging algorithm (3 lp/cm). The density resolution obtained using the tracking algorithm of the customized CTP515 was approximately 10.5%. In conclusion, a compact digital Hi'CT system was designed, and its nominal performance was evaluated in a simulation. The RSP resolution and image quality provide potential feasibility for scanning most parts of an adult body or pediatric patient, particularly for head and neck tumor treatment.
An Integrated Fermatean Fuzzy Multi-attribute Evaluation of Digital Technologies for Circular Public Sector Supply Chains
Authors: Evangelista Samantha Shane , Aro Joerabell Lourdes , Selerio Egberto , Maturan Fatima , Atibing Nadine May , Ocampo Lanndon , Pamucar Dragan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe barriers to implementing circular supply chains are well explored, but very little is provided to understand how these barriers play in public sector supply chains. Consequently, the role of digital technologies in addressing these barriers in the circularity of supply chains in the public sector remains a gap. Thus, this study bridges these gaps by evaluating digital technologies according to their relevance in addressing the identified barriers. In particular, eight domain experts who have sufficient knowledge and expertise in the domains of the public sector and circular economy were asked to elicit judgments in order to (1) set a threshold that defines the list of barriers that are significant to supply chains in the public sector, (2) obtain the priority weights of these barriers through the criteria importance through intercriteria correlation (CRITIC), and (3) rank the identified digital technologies based on their relevance in addressing the identified barriers in public sector supply chains using combinative distance-based assessment (CODAS) method, all under a Fermatean fuzzy set environment to account for epistemic uncertainties in judgment elicitation processes. This novel integration of the CRITIC and CODAS methods augmented by Fermatean fuzzy sets forms the methodological contribution of this work. Findings show that barriers associated with regulations restricting the collection of wastes, poor demand or acceptance for environmentally superior technologies, lack of expertise, technology, and information, operational risk, immature recycling technologies, and information sharing and communication were considered critical in managing circular public sector supply chains. The analysis also revealed that ripple effect modeling, simulation, and artificial intelligence are the priority digital technologies. These digital technologies offer efficiency and flexibility to decision-makers in analyzing complex and dynamic scenarios before the deployment of any circularity initiative, providing crucial information in its design and implementation. This paper outlines several managerial insights and offers possible agenda for future research.
A Terminal Condition in Linear Bond-pricing Under Symmetry Invariance
Authors: Maphanga Rivoningo , Jamal Sameerah 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn this paper, we examine a general bond-pricing model with respect to its solutions that satisfy a given terminal condition. Firstly, we obtain reversible transformations that change the model to a classical and well known partial differential equation, the one dimensional heat equation. We further show that the terminal condition is transformed into a nonsmooth initial condition. The important result that emerges is that the Lie symmetries are adopted to solve the equation subject to its unique configuration of initial conditions.
Growing biodesign ecosystems: Community exchange spaces advance biotechnology innovation
Authors: Chappell Callie R. , Perez Rolando , Okada Takara Corinne 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The biotechnology design (biodesign) enterprise is reshaping our relationship with nature and requires broad public engagement for innovative and ethical development. However, current biodesign programs are often limited to formal education settings such as universities, community colleges and high schools. To grow deeper networks with and amongst communities that are often excluded, we need new approaches and learning spaces. These must expand the diversity of voices that frame biodesign questions and drive when, where, and how we practice biotechnology design. Through our work, we have found that community-based biodesign spaces (informal learning spaces) can empower multidirectional and multigenerational knowledge exchange and advance a more diverse, inclusive, and innovative biodesign enterprise. In this article, we illustrate the benefits of a biodesign education ecosystem through case studies of three learning spaces: (1) a community bio laboratory, (2) an educational summer camp, and (3) an art-based maker space. This informal educational ecosystem brings together artists, educators, activists and researchers to elevate ancestral science knowledge, creativity, play, and storytelling as central to biodesign education. While each is important independently, emergent power comes from connections between community biotechnology design spaces. By highlighting successful approaches used across these spaces, our three case studies show how diverse community engagement can sustain a vibrant biodesign ecosystem. Our findings can inform existing biodesign approaches and broaden their impact to grow a more innovative, relevant and accountable biodesign enterprise.