bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association of Hyperuricemia with Hypertension in Patients Presenting in the Outpatient Department for Regular Follow–Up
Authors: Ali Asif , Azam Khan Malik Nadeem , Ali Imran , Hussain Muhammad Zahid , Khan Muhammad Shahid , Sajid Yasmeen 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To determine the association of hyperuricemia with hypertension in patients presenting in the Outpatient Department for regular follow-up.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of General Medicine, Pak Emirates Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Jun 2019 to 2020.
Methodology: Three-hundred patients suffering from hypertension for more than years were recruited in this study. They were evaluated for hyperuricemia during a routine follow-up visit by performing serum uric acid levels.
Results: Out of 300 hypertension patients included in the study, 187(62.3%) had no hyperuricemia, while 113(37.7%) showed the presence of hyperuricemia on routine analysis. The mean age of the study participants was 41.72±6.98 years. The mean duration of hypertension in our patients was 6.61±2.75 years. Polypharmacy and long duration of illness had a significant association with the presence of hyperuricemia among the study participants (p-value<0.001).
Conclusion: Patients with hypertension showed a high frequency of hyperuricemia in our study. The long duration of hypertension and the use of multiple pharmacological agents to achieve adequate control of hypertension predicted raised levels of uric acid among hypertensive attending the routine outpatient clinic in our study.
Predictors of Outcome of Bronchiolitis in Children Using Children Hospital of Wisconsin Respiratory Score: An Experience of a Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Ahdi Saher Gul , Nadeem Tariq , Farrukh Huma , Saleem Furqan , Gul Rafia , Khalid Hina 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To study the correlation of CHWR score and its various clinical markers with the length of stay in hospital bronchiolitis.
Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pediatrics Combined Military Hospital, Lahore Pakistan, from Nov 2018 to Apr 2019.
Methodology: This study included children aged 2 to 24 months, clinically diagnosed with bronchiolitis. The Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) was used to determine the discriminative validity of the CHWR score in predicting the length of stay.
Results: One hundred thirty-eight children of either gender were enrolled in the study. The median age of the study population was 10.8 (9) months. ROC curve showed significant discriminate validity of CHWR score and its component criterion on admission. CHWR score of >10.5 predicted a longer stay (>24 hours) in ICU. Pearson correlation showed a statistically significant positive correlation between CHWR score at admission and length of stay (r=0.831, p=<0.001).
Conclusion: CHWR scoring system on admission is an easy, safe and effective way to classify bronchiolitis severity and thus help predict the length of stay.
Drug-Induced Hand-Foot Syndrome in Cancer Patients Receiving Capecitabine in A Tertiary Care Hospital
Authors: Idrees Ibtisam , Ahmad Riaz , Umair Muhammad , Zargham Anum , Din Mir Jalal-ud- , Lone Tahir Manoor 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To determine the frequency of hand-foot syndrome and associated factors among patients receiving Capecitabine for the management of cancer in a tertiary care setting.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Oncology Department Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi Pakistan from Dec 2020 to May2021.
Methodology: One hundred patients with malignant conditions taking Capecitabine for more than two weeks were included in the study. A detailed relevant dermatological examination was carried out on all the patients to diagnose hand-foot syndrome based on the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 4.0 Grading of Hand-Foot Syndrome.
Results: Out of 100 cancer patients using Capecitabine for more than two weeks included in the study. Sixty-eight showed the presence of hand-foot syndrome, while 32 did not show any features of hand-foot syndrome. Combination treatment was statistically significantly associated with hand-foot syndrome among the patients included in our study (p-value<0.001).
Conclusion: Hand-foot syndrome was a common side effect seen in patients managed with Capecitabine for their cancerous condition. Patients using other chemotherapeutic agents along with Capecitabine were more at risk of having hand-foot syndrome than those taking Capecitabine alone.
Assessment of Children with Cerebral Palsy Using Common Brief Core Set of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth (ICF-CY)
Authors: Hina Ammara , Maqbool Shazia , Azhar Hina , Fatima Saba , Farid Aisha , Ullah Ehsan 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To assess children with cerebral palsy using the Common Brief Core Set of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth (ICF-CY).
Study Design: Cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Children Hospital & Institute of Child Health, Lahore Pakistan, from Nov 2020 to Jan 2021.
Methodology: Fifty-nine children with cerebral palsy (CP) aged 0-18 years were included. Common Brief Core Set of International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health in Children and Youth (ICF-CY) was administered to children with cerebral palsy to assess their functional status. Strengths and weaknesses in body structure, body function,activity and participation and environmental factors were evaluated using the Common Brief Core Set of ICF-CY.
Results: The majority of study participants were 38(64.4%), were spastic quadriplegic. Periventricular leukomalacia was noted in 36(67.9%) cases on MRI brain. Moderate to severe impairment was noted in body functions like intellectual function 46(78%). In addition, 26(44.1%) children with cerebral palsy had mild to moderate impairment in walking, while 4(6.8 %) could walk without any impairment. Social attitudes, construct, and design of buildings were the major barriers affecting the functionality of children with cerebral palsy.
Conclusion: It was found that the Common Brief Core Set of ICF-CY in children with different types of cerebral palsy is a useful tool for assessing their functional level.Keywords: Cerebral Palsy, Common Brief Core Set, Disability, Health in Children and Youth (ICF-CY), International Classification of Functioning.
Anti-Inflammatory Drugs and Immunosuppressants in Rheumatological and Musculoskeletal Diseases
Authors: Mustafa Syed Hassan , Durrani Talha , Adnan Saqib , Khan Rabnawaz 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To determine drug compliance among patients with rheumatological and musculoskeletal diseases and to identify the reasons behind poor compliance.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Rheumatology Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar Pakistan, from Aug 2020 to Feb 2021.
Methodology: All patients aged 16 to 70, of either gender with inflammatory rheumatic diseases who were prescribed conventional DMARDs for at least six months were included in the study.
Results: Two hundred and eighteen patients were included in the study. There were 59(27.1%) males and 159(72.9%) females with a mean age of 38.56±4.75years. There were 156 SPRA patients (71.5%), while SLE and SNIA accounted for 22(10.1%) and 17(7.8%) cases, respectively. Methotrexate was the most commonly prescribed medicine, 158(72.5%) while 90(41.3%) patients were prescribed Hydroxychloroquine and 43(19.7%) patients were prescribed Sulfasalazine. Regarding compliance, 112 (51.4%) patients were found to have good drug adherence. On the other hand, side effects and lack of awareness were found to be the most common cause of poor medication adherence.
Conclusion: We concluded that adherence to medication among patients with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases is poor
Role of Serum Vitamin B12 and Glutathione Peroxidase during Third Trimester of Pregnancy with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Kanwal Aasia , Shahid Adeela , Bashir Aisha , Lashari Naveed Aslam 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To investigate the role and relationship of serum Vitamin B12 and Glutathione peroxidase in pregnancy with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Physiology Department, University of Health Sciences, Lahore Pakistan, from Feb 2019 to Mar 2020.
Methodology: Ninty pregnant women were recruited, fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Women with GDM were the cases, and those without GDM were the controls. Serum Vitamin B12 and Glutathione peroxidase were measured by ELISA.
Results: Serum Vitamin B12 was significantly lower in cases compared to controls (158.98±7.38 and 357.48±42.07mg/dL, respectively, at p<0.001. Glutathione peroxidase was also significantly lower in cases compared to controls (2.68±1.13U/mL and 5.53±1.05U/mL, respectively, at p<0.001. Correlation analysis showed that Vitamin B12 and Glutathione peroxidase had a significant positive correlation in cases (p<0.001 and rho=0.76) and a non-significant correlation in controls (p=0.87 and rho=-0.024). Linear regression analysis showed that Vitamin B12 positively affects Glutathione peroxidase (β=0.13, p<0.001).Vitamin B12 and Glutathione peroxidase have a significant, negative effect on fasting blood glucose (β =-0.06, p<0.001 and β=-3.66, p<0.001, respectively).
Conclusion: Deficient Vitamin B12 leads to reduced Glutathione levels in GDM pregnancy. A deficiency of these two predicts elevated blood sugar levels.
Growth Characteristics in Children with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia Visiting Tertiary Care Hospital, Karachi
Authors: Qayyum Abdul , Rai Versha Rani , Memom Roshia , Mahar Shazia , Laghari Taj Muhammad , Ibrahim Mohsina Noor 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To determine the growth characteristics in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia visiting tertiary care hospital Karachi.
Study Design: Cross-Sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Paediatrics Department, National Institute of Child Health, Karachi Pakistan, from Nov 2018 to May 2019.
Methodology: All patients who visited the OPD were included in the study. Growth characteristics like underweight, normal BMI, overweight, obese and short stature were recorded. This information, along with the age of diagnosis, family history of CAH, parental consanguinity, family history of CAH or any abortion or prenatal death, were noted.
Results: The mean age of the patients was 7.40±2.34 years. Out of 69 congenital adrenal hyperplasia patients, 41(59.4%) were males, and 28(40.6%) were females. The short suture was noted in 53(76.8%) patients. 19(27.5%) were underweight, 6(8.7%) were normal weight, 10(14.5%) were overweight, and 34(49.3%) patients w ere obese.
Conclusion: A significant effect of congenital adrenal hyperplasia was documented in the children.
Treatment-Resistant Hypertension in Individuals of High BMI
Authors: Akram Mohammad Zeeshan , Mansoor Khurram , Rasheed Khurram , Maken Ghulam Rasool , Faheem Muhammad , Mujahid Mamoon 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To determine the frequency of treatment-resistant hypertension in individuals of high BMI and factors associated with resistant hypertension
Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study
Place and Duration of Study: Pak Emirates Military hospital , Rawalpindi Pakistan,from Nov 2020 to Oct 2021.
Methodology: Patients being managed for essential hypertension at the medical outpatient department were included in the study. Body mass index was calculated at the time of routine evaluation during the outpatient visit, and a detailed evaluation regarding the number of anti-hypertensive medications used was carried out on patients with a body mass index>25.Resistant hypertension was diagnosed if the blood pressure of the patient was not controlled on three or more antihypertensive medications.
Results: A total of 600 patients with hypertension and a body mass index of more than 25 were included in the final analysis. Out of 600 patients, 489(81.5%) had essential hypertension, which was not treatment resistant, while 111(18.5%) had resistant hypertension. Statistical analysis showed that type 2 diabetes mellitus and cigarette smoking had a statistically significant relationship (p-value<0.05) with resistant hypertension among patients with high body mass index.
Conclusion: Resistant hypertension was a fairly common diagnosis among patients suffering from hypertension and having a body mass index of more than 25. Patients who had comorbid diabetes mellitus or who were cigarette smokers were more at risk of having resistant hypertension in our data set.
Silent Secretory Otitis Media in Cases with Adenoid Hypertrophy
Authors: Fareed Ghulam , Tahir Muhammad , Bashir Asmara , Bashir Sheraz , Anjum Raheel , Rehman Habib Ur 
Published: March 2023

Objective: to determine the cases brought to the Otolaryngology Department with adenoidal hyperplasia.
Study Design: Cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: ENT Department, Combined Military Hospital, Multan Pakistan from Jan to May 2022.
Methodology: The study was conducted on children of age more than 2.5 years having adenoid hypertrophy that was confirmed by an X-Ray lateral view of the nasopharynx for adenoids. Their tympanogram was obtained.
Results: The study showed that 2(2%) cases had a Type-B curve in a single ear, and 14(14.3%) had a Type-B curve in both ears.PTA was normal in 32(32.7%) cases. Up to 25 decibels (dB) of hearing loss was seen in 6(6.1%) cases. In 8(8.2%) cases, hearing loss, was more than 25Db.
Conclusion: The tympanometry test is an objective test which is very easy to carry out and can very easily detect patients having glued ears which can be managed, and possible complications of the disease can be avoided.
Clinical Utility of N-Terminal Prohormone B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Levels in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Heart Failure
Authors: Janjua Sana Iqbal , Younas Muhammad , Haroon Zujaja Hina , Anwar Muhammad , Munir Muhammad Usman , Yasmeen Farhat 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To evaluate the effect of type 2 diabetes mellitus on plasma N-terminal prohormone B-type natriuretic peptide levels in patients with heart failure and correlate it with glycosylated haemoglobin levels.
Study Design: Comparative cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Chemical Pathology in collaboration with the Department of Cardiology,Combined Military Hospital, Multan Pakistan, from Feb to Sep 2021.
Methodology: We assayed plasma NT-pro BNP levels in 194 individuals with established heart failure, (98 non-diabetics, and 96 patients with diabetes). Plasma NT-pro BNP levels were compared between groups in addition, the correlation of glycosylated haemoglobin with plasma NT-pro BNP levels was explored.
Results: The mean plasma NT-pro BNP values were higher in patients with diabetes (15826.08 ±8143.434pg/mL) than in nondiabetics (12534.06±6323.92pg/mL) with a p-value 0.02. When NT-pro BNP was compared there was no significant found difference between the non-diabetic group and the Controlled Diabetes-Group (p-value 0 .882), but it was significantly higher in the Uncontrolled Diabetes-Group (p-value<0.001). A moderate positive association was found between NT-pro BNP and glycosylated haemoglobin (r=0.541, p-value<0.001).
Conclusion: Although obesity has an inverse relation with plasma natriuretic peptides level and most patients with diabetes are overweight, the plasma NT-pro BNP is still a very informative tool and holds its significance as a diagnostic and prognosis marker in diabetic patients with heart failure.
GIÁ TRỊ TIÊN LƯỢNG BIẾN CỐ TIM MẠCH CỦA THANG ĐIỂM ZWOLLE Ở BỆNH NHÂN NHỒI MÁU CƠ TIM CẤP SAU CAN THIỆP ĐỘNG MẠCH VÀNH QUA DA
Authors: Trần Kim Sơn , Ngô Đoan Duy , Ngô Hoàng Toàn , Trần Đặng Đăng Khoa , Nguyễn Thế Phi 
Published: March 2023

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu giá trị tiên lượng biến cố tim mạch của thang điểm Zwolle ở bệnh nhân nhồi máu cơ tim cấp sau can thiệp động mạch vành qua da. Đối tượng và phương pháp: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang trên 100 bệnh nhân nhồi máu cơ tim cấp ST chênh lên sau can thiệp động mạch vành qua da tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa Trung Ương Cần Thơ từ năm 2020-2021. Kết quả: Tỉ lệ nhóm có nguy cơ thấp theo Zwolle chiếm 52%, nhóm có nguy cơ trung bình là 48% và điểm Zwolle trung bình là 3,30 ± 1,49 điểm. Biến cố tim mạch sau 30 ngày can thiệp với ghi nhận tỉ lệ 15% trong đó tử vong chiếm 2%, suy tim/đau thắt ngực là 10%, nhồi máu cơ tim tái phát chiếm 2% và tái can thiệp/phẫu thuật là 1%. Có sự liên quan có ý nghĩa giữa phân nhóm chỉ số tiên lượng Zwolle với biến cố tim mạch chính sau 30 ngày sau khi can thiệp (p < 0,001). Điểm cắt Zwolle là 4,5 là điểm cắt tốt nhất dự báo giá trị xuất hiện biến cố tim mạch chính với độ nhạy 100%, độ đặc hiệu 98,8%, diện tích dưới đường cong AUC=0,996. Kết luận: Thang điểm Zwolle có điểm số càng cao thì nguy cơ xuất hiện biến cố tim mạch càng cao.
AVALIAÇÃO EM MASSA DE IMÓVEIS RURAIS UTILIZANDO REGRESSÃO GEOGRAFICAMENTE PONDERADA
Authors: Uberti Marlene Salete , Antunes Mauro Antonio Homem , Debiasi Paula 
Published: March 2023

Nas avaliações em massa de imóveis tradicionalmente são utilizados os modelos clássicos de regressão linear (MCRL), entretanto tem-se verificado a necessidade de modelar os dados espacialmente. Os valores dos imóveis nas áreas rurais também são afetados pela localização geográfica, porém a modelagem dos efeitos geográficos, vem sendo utilizada principalmente nas avaliações de áreas urbanas. O objetivo deste artigo é a utilização de modelos de regressão geograficamente ponderadas - RGP em uma amostra de imóveis rurais para a elaboração da Planta de Valores Genéricos (PVG) para uma área da Região Norte Fluminense – RJ. A metodologia proposta é aplicar a RGP, avaliar seu ajuste e desempenho com relação ao MCRL e produzir a PVG por meio do interpolador Kernel. A amostra contou com 113 observações e 25 amostras de verificação. O desempenho da superfície de valores obtida foi analisado através Mediana das Razões, Coeficiente de Dispersão - COD e Diferencial Relativo ao Preço - PRD e comparados com os valores de referência recomendados pela IAAO (International Association of Assessing Officers). O modelo RGP foi superior ao MCRL em todos os critérios analisados e pode-se concluir que a RGP deixou a modelagem mais ajustada e, portanto, foi superior a modelo clássico de regressão. Quanto ao uso da Geoestatística para interpolar os valores e gerar a PVG, o Kernel se mostrou apropriado, pois gerou uma superfície detalhada, possibilitando a geração de valores entre os vizinhos, considerando-se que dificilmente se obtém dados na coleta em campo para toda a área estudada, principalmente em áreas rurais.
Palavras-chave: Avaliação em Massa, Regressão Geograficamente Ponderada, Kernel, Imóveis Rurais, GWR
DETERMINATION OF IMMUNIZATION STATUS AND INVOLVED CHALLENGES AMONG HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN
Authors: Karim Rahida , Afridi Dr. Jahanzeb Khan , Ali Akhtar , Jan Rizwanullah , Zaman Muhammad Batoor , Amjad Afnan 
Published: March 2023

OBJECTIVE
To determine the immunization status and its involved challenges among hospitalized children.
Material and Methods
This cross-sectional study was conducted in the pediatrics department of Hayatabad Medical Complex Peshawar from February 2017 to September 2017. All children less than 5 years admitted via the outpatient department were included in the study. Their guardians were explained the purpose of the study and informed consent was obtained. A complete medical record of each individual including name, age, gender, detailed history, and examination was recorded in a predesigned Proforma. It also included details of immunization (fully immunized, partially immunized, or not immunized at all), Parental education (less than Primary and above Primary), socioeconomic status (poor, middle, and upper middle), and residential status (urban/rural).
RESULTS:
A total of 497 children were included in the study, out of which 422 were males (85%). A total of 419 (84.30%) were completely immunized, 65 (13.07%) were partially immunized and only 13 (02.61%) were not immunized. Among 84.30% of children who were completely immunized, their parents had an education status above primary schools. Thirty-six percent of fully immunized children belonged to poor socioeconomic status. Two third of the participants belonged to an urban community.
CONCLUSIONS:
Ninety-seven percent of study participants were found to be completely/partially immunized. Most of the parents of immunized children had education status beyond primary school and were of upper and middle socioeconomic background. Most of them belonged to urban areas of the province.
PATTERN OF ANEMIA IN DIABETIC PATIENTS PRESENTING TO PRIVATE SECTOR`S TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS IN PESHAWAR
Authors: Gul Ambreen , Nisar Umarah , Rahman Safia , Ullah Zahoor , Furqan Muhammad , Haq Momina 
Published: March 2023

Objective: To determine the frequency and type of anemia based on MCV in diabetic patients.
Materials and Methods: A Retrospective descriptive study, done at Peshawar Medical College, Peshawar, and its affiliated teaching hospitals from January 2016 to August 2018. It was a Laboratory and Medical OPD record-based study of 450 diabetic patients presenting to these teaching hospitals.
Results: Among 450 diabetic patients, 283(63%) were having anemia (Hb less than 13.5 g/dl in males and 11.5 g/dl in females). Among those who had anemia, 102(36%) had microcytic hypochromic, 176(62%) had normochromic normocytic and 6(2%) had macrocytic anemia on the basis of the mean corpuscular volume of more than 80, 80-95 and 95 fl respectively.
Conclusion: More than 60 % of diabetic patients presented with anemia predominantly suffering from normocytic and normochromic anemia.
KEYWORDS: Anemia, Diabetes, hemoglobin, MCV, Normocytic and Normochromic anemia.
OVERWEIGHT, OBESITY AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG SCHOOL GOING CHILDREN OF PESHAWAR, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN
Authors: Syed Ghyasuddin  , Ali Waqar , Khalil Kashif Ur Rehman 
Published: March 2023

Objective:
To compare the overweight and obesity status and associated factors among children of government and private schools in district Peshawar.
Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from February 2020 to October 2022.A sample size of 300 school-going children between ages 6-15 years from 30 different schools of Peshawar using a multistage sampling technique. The data were gathered on a structured questionnaire. SPSS version 24 was used for data analysis.
Results:
The mean age of the children ranged from 15.64 ± 0.48 S.D. 125(41.7%) of the children were from Government schools and 175(58.3%) were from Private Schools. Among 3oo study participants 16(53%) were males and 139(46%) were females. overweight and obesity among government and private school children were 9(36.0%),7 (33.3%) and 16 (64.0%), and 14 (66.7%) respectively(p-value=0.01). Among the Overweight and obese groups respectively there was a positive relationship between the consumption of eggs(r=0.165, p = 0.004), and fried food (r=0.180, p = 0.002). The Duration of Outdoor Sports was inversely related to overweight and obesity (r=0-.333**, P = 0.000).
Conclusion:
Comparison between overweight and obesity among both groups shows significant differences due to the mandatory lifestyles of private school children. Both obesity and overweight had an inverse relation with the intensity and duration of physical activities. Effective strategies targeting overweight and obese children are required to make them healthy.
Keywords:
Obesity, BMI, Children