bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The predictive value of [18F]FDG PET/CT radiomics combined with clinical features for EGFR mutation status in different clinical staging of lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Gao Jianxiong , Niu Rong , Shi Yunmei , Shao Xiaoliang , Jiang Zhenxing , Ge Xinyu , Wang Yuetao , Shao Xiaonan 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aims to construct radiomics models based on [18F]FDG PET/CT using multiple machine learning methods to predict the EGFR mutation status of lung adenocarcinoma and evaluate whether incorporating clinical parameters can improve the performance of radiomics models.

Methods
A total of 515 patients were retrospectively collected and divided into a training set (n = 404) and an independent testing set (n = 111) according to their examination time. After semi-automatic segmentation of PET/CT images, the radiomics features were extracted, and the best feature sets of CT, PET, and PET/CT modalities were screened out. Nine radiomics models were constructed using logistic regression (LR), random forest (RF), and support vector machine (SVM) methods. According to the performance in the testing set, the best model of the three modalities was kept, and its radiomics score (Rad-score) was calculated. Furthermore, combined with the valuable clinical parameters (gender, smoking history, nodule type, CEA, SCC-Ag), a joint radiomics model was built.

Results
Compared with LR and SVM, the RF Rad-score showed the best performance among the three radiomics models of CT, PET, and PET/CT (training and testing sets AUC: 0.688, 0.666, and 0.698 vs. 0.726, 0.678, and 0.704). Among the three joint models, the PET/CT joint model performed the best (training and testing sets AUC: 0.760 vs. 0.730). The further stratified analysis found that CT_RF had the best prediction effect for stage I–II lesions (training set and testing set AUC: 0.791 vs. 0.797), while PET/CT joint model had the best prediction effect for stage III–IV lesions (training and testing sets AUC: 0.722 vs. 0.723).

Conclusions
Combining with clinical parameters can improve the predictive performance of PET/CT radiomics model, especially for patients with advanced lung adenocarcinoma.
Forest age and topographic position jointly shape the species richness and composition of vascular plants in karstic habitats
Authors: Bátori Zoltán , Tölgyesi Csaba , Li Gábor , Erdős László , Gajdács Márió , Kelemen András 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Key message
Dolines may provide important safe havens for many plant species and play a key role in maintaining biodiversity. The combined effects of forest age and topographic position influence the biodiversity patterns of these unique habitats. Forest managers, conservationists, and researchers need to work together in order to maintain the species richness and composition of these habitats under environmental changes.

Context
Dolines are the most prominent geomorphological features in many karst landscapes that may provide important microhabitats for many species.

Aims
We aim to contribute to a better understanding of how forest age and topographic position influence the plant species richness and composition of vascular plants within doline habitats.

Methods
We studied the effects of forest age (four age classes: from 5- to 10-year-old stands to more than 90-year-old stands), topographic position (south-facing slope, bottom, and north-facing slope), and their interaction on the distribution of vascular plants and mean Ellenberg indicator values in dolines using detrended correspondence analysis and mixed-effects models. Diagnostic species for the forest age classes and topographic positions were also determined.

Results
Different groups of vascular plant species usually showed significant preferences for certain topographic positions and/or forest age classes in dolines. In general, the number of species in all studied groups of plants increased after a few years of canopy removal. The number of plant species in almost all groups was lowest in dolines covered with 40–45-year-old forests. The moist and nutrient-rich doline bottoms covered with 90–120-year-old forests harboured many climate change vulnerable plant species.

Conclusions
Forest age and topographic position considerably influence the species richness and composition of vascular plants in dolines; therefore, forest managers and conservationists need to consider their potential impacts when evaluating the effects of climate warming on karst landscapes.
Risk factors for in-hospital mortality and secondary bacterial pneumonia among hospitalized adult patients with community-acquired influenza: a large retrospective cohort study
Authors: Yi Guangzhao , de Kraker Marlieke E. A. , Buetti Niccolò , Zhong Xiaoni , Li Jinyan , Yuan Zhe , Zhu Weimin , Zhou Jia , Zhou Hongyu 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Secondary bacterial pneumonia is an important complication of seasonal influenza, but little data is available about impact on death and risk factors. This study identified risk factors for all-cause in-hospital mortality and secondary bacterial pneumonia among hospitalized adult patients with community-acquired influenza.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was performed at a tertiary teaching hospital in southwest China. The study cohort included all adult hospitalized patients with a laboratory-confirmed, community-acquired influenza virus infection during three consecutive influenza seasons from 2017 to 2020. Cause-specific Cox regression was used to analyze risk factors for mortality and secondary bacterial pneumonia, respectively, accounting for competing events (discharge alive and discharge alive or death without secondary bacterial pneumonia, respectively).

Results
Among 174 patients enrolled in this study, 14.4% developed secondary bacterial pneumonia and 11.5% died during hospitalization. For all-cause in-hospital mortality, time-varying secondary bacterial pneumonia was a direct risk factor of death (cause-specific hazard ratio [csHR] 3.38, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.25–9.17); underlying disease indirectly increased death risk through decreasing the hazard of being discharged alive (csHR 0.55, 95% CI 0.39–0.77). For secondary bacterial pneumonia, the final model only confirmed direct risk factors: age ≥ 65 years (csHR 2.90, 95% CI 1.27–6.62), male gender (csHR 3.78, 95% CI 1.12–12.84) and mechanical ventilation on admission (csHR 2.96, 95% CI 1.32–6.64).

Conclusions
Secondary bacterial pneumonia was a major risk factor for in-hospital mortality among adult hospitalized patients with community-acquired influenza. Prevention strategies for secondary bacterial pneumonia should target elderly male patients and critically ill patients under mechanical ventilation.
Safety and efficacy of self-expandable metallic stent combined with 125I brachytherapy for the treatment of malignant obstructive jaundice
Authors: Sheng Ye , Fu Xiaobo , Wang Guobao , Mu Maoyuan , Jiang Weiwei , Chen Zixiong , Qi Han , Gao Fei 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Several previous studies demonstrated that the combination of self-expandable metallic stents (SEMS) and 125I seed implantation might prolong stent patency and obtain survival benefits for malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ) patients. However, these studies rarely mentioned a comparison between CT-guided intratumoral 125I seed implantation and intraluminal 125I seed strand insertion combined with stenting for the management of MOJ. This study aimed to further evaluate the safety and efficacy of SEMS combined with 125I brachytherapy in the management of unresectable MOJ.

Methods
Fifty-nine patients with unresectable MOJ were retrospectively included from March 2018 to June 2021. The main therapeutic outcomes were evaluated in terms of stent patency, and overall survival. Cumulative stent patency and overall survival rates were calculated by Kaplan–Meier survival analysis. Both clinical and treatment factors associated with survival were analyzed.

Results
Technical success was achieved in all patients. The clinical success rate was 94% (32/34) in the seeds group and 92% (23/25) in the control group, no significant difference was found (p =1.000). The median duration of stent patency was significantly longer in the 125I brachytherapy group compared with the control group (289 days vs. 88 days, respectively, p =0.001). The 125I brachytherapy group demonstrated a significantly better median overall survival rate than the control group (221 days vs. 78 days, respectively, p =0.001). In multivariate analysis, stents with 125I brachytherapy (p =0.004) was a significant favorable prognostic factor that affected patient survival. No significant difference was observed between CT-guided 125I seed implantation and 125I seed strand insertion in stent patency (p =0.268), and overall survival (p =0.483).

Conclusion
SEMS combined with 125I brachytherapy is safe and effective for treating MOJ. 125I brachytherapy may help to maintain stent patency and prolong overall survival. There was no significant difference between CT-guided 125I seed implantation with SEMS and 125I seed strand insertion with SEMS in stent patency and overall survival.
A prediction model of nodal metastasis in cN0 oral squamous cell carcinoma using metabolic and pathological variables
Authors: Xu Feng , Peng Liling , Feng Junyi , Zhu Xiaochun , Pan Yifan , Hu Yuhua , Gao Xin , Ma Yubo , He Yue 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The efficacy of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography(PET/CT) in evaluating the neck status in clinically node-negative (cN0) oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC) patients was still unsatisfying. We tried to develop a prediction model for nodal metastasis in cN0 OSCC patients by using metabolic and pathological variables.

Methods
Consecutive cN0 OSCC patients with preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT, subsequent surgical resection of primary tumor and neck dissection were included. Ninety-five patients who underwent PET/CT scanning in Shanghai ninth people’s hospital were identified as training cohort, and another 46 patients who imaged in Shanghai Universal Medical Imaging Diagnostic Center were selected as validation cohort. Nodal-status-related variables in the training cohort were selected by multivariable regression after using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO). A nomogram was constructed with significant variables for the risk prediction of nodal metastasis. Finally, nomogram performance was determined by its discrimination, calibration, and clinical usefulness.

Results
Nodal maximum standardized uptake value(nodal SUVmax) and pathological T stage were selected as significant variables. A prediction model incorporating the two variables was used to plot a nomogram. The area under the curve was 0.871(Standard Error [SE], 0.035; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 0.787–0.931) in the training cohort, and 0.809(SE, 0.069; 95% CI, 0.666–0.910) in the validation cohort, with good calibration demonstrated.

Conclusions
A prediction model incorporates metabolic and pathological variables has good performance for predicting nodal metastasis in cN0 OSCC patients. However, further studies with large populations are needed to verify our findings.
The effector Fg62 contributes to Fusarium graminearum virulence and induces plant cell death
Authors: Wang Shuchen , Yang Sen , Dai Kaixin , Zheng Wenyue , Zhang Xiaoyi , Yang Bo , Ye Wenwu , Zheng Xiaobo , Wang Yuanchao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlthough the functions of most protein effectors secreted by fungi are not predictable, they are known to modulate host immunity and facilitate infection. Fusarium graminearum is one of the 10 most abundant plant pathogenic fungi worldwide. To date, few effector proteins secreted by F. graminearum have been identified. In this study, we screened a putative effector protein Fg62 from proteins that contain signal peptides and unknown functional domains in F. graminearum secretome. Fg62 expression was highly upregulated during the early stages of F. graminearum infection, and its deletion reduced F. graminearum virulence in wheat and soybean. Transient expression of Fg62 or the recombinant protein led to plant cell death in Nicotiana benthamiana, and the signal peptide of Fg62 was required for cell death activation. Fg62 homologs are distributed in two species of the F. sambucinum species complex, which are also able to induce cell death in N. benthamiana. Fg62 activated plant immunity by increasing the expression of defense-related genes, and the recombinant Fg62 protein induced plant resistance to various pathogens. Overall, our results revealed that the extracellular effector Fg62 contributes to both pathogen virulence and plant immunity induction, providing new avenues for the development of environmentally friendly crop disease control strategies utilizing nonpolluting immune-inducing factors.
A case of surgical pulmonary artery plasty for pulmonary artery stenosis after right single-lung transplantation
Authors: Nagata Hideki , Kanou Takashi , Fukui Eriko , Kimura Toru , Ose Naoko , Funaki Soichiro , Minami Masato , Taira Masaki , Ueno Takayoshi , Miyagawa Shigeru , Shintani Yasushi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
In lung transplantation, vascular complications are relatively rare. However, severe pulmonary artery stenosis after lung transplantation can cause clinical symptoms and lead to graft dysfunction.

Case presentation
The present patient underwent right lung transplantation for severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. After lung transplantation, pulmonary blood flow scintigraphy showed a decreased blood flow to the transplanted lung, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography showed pulmonary artery anastomotic stenosis. As the initial treatment, balloon dilation of the pulmonary artery was attempted and unsuccessful. Right pulmonary artery plasty was then performed 5 months after lung transplantation. Following the procedure, the pulmonary artery stenosis was released, and the blood flow to the transplanted lung improved.

Conclusion
Surgical treatment should be considered for pulmonary artery stenosis after lung transplantation if minimally invasive intervention is not effective.
Long-Term Safety and Efficacy of Recombinant Human Parathyroid Hormone (1-84) in Adults With Chronic Hypoparathyroidism
Authors: Watts Nelson B , Bilezikian John P , Bone Henry G , Clarke Bart L , Denham Douglas , Levine Michael A , Mannstadt Michael , Peacock Munro , Rothman Jeffrey G , Vokes Tamara J , Warren Mark L , Yin Shaoming , Sherry Nicole , Shoback Dolores M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Context
Chronic hypoparathyroidism is conventionally treated with oral calcium and active vitamin D to reach and maintain targeted serum calcium and phosphorus levels, but some patients remain inadequately controlled.

Objective
To assess long-term safety and efficacy of recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1-84) (rhPTH(1-84)) treatment.

Methods
This was an open-label extension study at 12 US centers. Adults (n = 49) with chronic hypoparathyroidism were included. The intervention was rhPTH(1-84) for 6 years. The main outcome measures were safety, biochemical measures, oral supplement doses, bone indices.

Results
Thirty-eight patients (77.6%) completed the study. Throughout 72 months, mean albumin-adjusted serum calcium was within 2.00 to 2.25 mmol/L (8.0-9.0 mg/dL). At baseline, 65% of patients with measurements (n = 24/37) were hypercalciuric; of these, 54% (n = 13/24) were normocalciuric at month 72. Mean serum phosphorus declined from 1.6 ± 0.19 mmol/L at baseline (n = 49) to 1.3 ± 0.20 mmol/L at month 72 (n = 36). Mean estimated glomerular filtration rate was stable. rhPTH(1-84)-related adverse events were reported in 51.0% of patients (n = 25/49); all but 1 event were mild/moderate in severity. Mean oral calcium supplementation reduced by 45% ± 113.6% and calcitriol by 74% ± 39.3%. Bone turnover markers declined by month 32 to a plateau above pretreatment values; only aminoterminal propeptide of type 1 collagen remained outside the reference range. Mean bone mineral density z score fell at one-third radius and was stable at other sites.

Conclusion
6 years of rhPTH(1-84) treatment was associated with sustained improvements in biochemical parameters, a reduction in the percentage of patients with hypercalciuria, stable renal function, and decreased supplement requirements. rhPTH(1-84) was well tolerated; no new safety signals were identified.
TOM-1/tomosyn acts with the UNC-6/netrin receptor UNC-5 to inhibit growth cone protrusion in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Mahadik Snehal S. , Lundquist Erik A. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
In the polarity/protrusion model of growth cone repulsion from UNC-6/netrin, UNC-6 first polarizes the growth cone of the VD motor neuron axon via the UNC-5 receptor, and then regulates protrusion asymmetrically across the growth cone based on this polarity. UNC-6 stimulates protrusion dorsally through the UNC-40/DCC receptor, and inhibits protrusion ventrally through UNC-5, resulting in net dorsal growth. Previous studies showed that UNC-5 inhibits growth cone protrusion via the flavin monooxygenases and potential destabilization of F-actin, and via UNC-33/CRMP and restriction of microtubule plus-end entry into the growth cone. We show that UNC-5 inhibits protrusion through a third mechanism involving TOM-1/tomosyn. A short isoform of TOM-1 inhibited protrusion downstream of UNC-5, and a long isoform had a pro-protrusive role. TOM-1/tomosyn inhibits formation of the SNARE complex. We show that UNC-64/syntaxin is required for growth cone protrusion, consistent with a role of TOM-1 in inhibiting vesicle fusion. Our results are consistent with a model whereby UNC-5 utilizes TOM-1 to inhibit vesicle fusion, resulting in inhibited growth cone protrusion, possibly by preventing the growth cone plasma membrane addition required for protrusion.
Calcineurin associates with centrosomes and regulates cilia length maintenance
Authors: Tsekitsidou Eirini , Wong Cassandra J. , Ulengin-Talkish Idil , Barth Angela I. M. , Stearns Tim , Gingras Anne-Claude , Wang Jennifer T. , Cyert Martha S. 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Calcineurin, or protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B), the Ca2+ and calmodulin-activated phosphatase and target of immunosuppressants, has many substrates and functions that remain uncharacterized. By combining rapid proximity-dependent labeling with cell cycle synchronization, we mapped the spatial distribution of calcineurin in different cell cycle stages. While calcineurin-proximal proteins did not vary significantly between interphase and mitosis, calcineurin consistently associated with multiple centrosomal and/or ciliary proteins. These include POC5, which binds centrins in a Ca2+-dependent manner and is a component of the luminal scaffold that stabilizes centrioles. We show that POC5 contains a calcineurin substrate motif (PxIxIT type) that mediates calcineurin binding in vivo and in vitro. Using indirect immunofluorescence and ultrastructure expansion microscopy, we demonstrate that calcineurin colocalizes with POC5 at the centriole, and further show that calcineurin inhibitors alter POC5 distribution within the centriole lumen. Our discovery that calcineurin directly associates with centriolar proteins highlights a role for Ca2+ and calcineurin signaling at these organelles. Calcineurin inhibition promotes elongation of primary cilia without affecting ciliogenesis. Thus, Ca2+ signaling within cilia includes previously unknown functions for calcineurin in maintenance of cilia length, a process that is frequently disrupted in ciliopathies.
Fair Value Accounting, Illiquid Assets, and Financial Stability
Authors: Mahieux Lucas 
Published: April 2023

In this paper, I analyze the joint design of capital requirements and fair value reporting rules for financial institutions with illiquid assets. I specifically examine how prudential regulation aimed at solving agency problems affects financial institutions’ incentives to use Level 2 versus Level 3 fair value reporting, as well as financial stability. Crucially, Level 3 reporting allows financial institutions to use their private information, whereas Level 2 fair values are only measured with public information. Interestingly, my analysis shows regulators may leave to financial institutions the discretion to report illiquid assets at Level 2 or Level 3. Financial institutions then report at Level 3 only if they have good private information about the assets’ quality. Moreover, prudential rules that only rely on Level 2 fair values may be efficient at solving agency problems within financial institutions but may also decrease financial stability. By contrast, prudential rules that leave to financial institutions the discretion to report illiquid assets at Level 2 or Level 3 while relaxing capital requirements may increase financial stability. This paper was accepted by Suraj Srinivasan, accounting. Funding: This work was supported by the H2020 European Research Council [Grant 669217]. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4692 .
OFICINAS DE ARTE COMO ESPAÇOS DE APRENDIZAGEM: O QUE ISTO SIGNIFICA?
Authors: Sancovschi Beatriz , Rocha Jerusa Machado 
Published: April 2023

Entre os anos de 2014 e 2019 realizamos oficinas de práticas artísticas com alunos do ensino fundamental numa escola para deficientes visuais no Rio de Janeiro. De saída, afirmamos ser esse um espaço de aprendizagem, o que se confirmou através do acompanhamento dos efeitos das oficinas que apareciam nas salas de aula, assim como na vida. O objetivo deste texto é discutir teoricamente o que se passava nas oficinas, tendo em vista a questão da aprendizagem. Seguiremos as pistas de G.Deleuze, V.Kastrup e S.Gallo para (com eles) avançar. Em comum, defendem uma aprendizagem não representacional. Aprender não se restringe à passagem do não saber ao saber, mas envolve antes a sensibilidade, condição para a transformação de si e do mundo. Assim, o problema passa a ser como tornar-se sensível? Avançaremos produzindo uma interlocução com a abordagem enativa da cognição e com uma releitura do conceito de Zona de Desenvolvimento Proximal de maneira a propor uma Zona de Sensibilidade.
A mixed-methods survey of perinatal mental health for Sri Lankan women in the UK
Authors: Liyanage Rashmi Danwaththa , Bray Lucy , Briscoe Lesley 
Published: April 2023

Background/Aims The prevalence of perinatal mental health issues is significantly higher among South Asian women in the UK. However, little attention has been given to examine the views and opinions of sub-groups of South Asians in the UK. Although the prevalence of perinatal mental health issues is much higher in Sri Lanka, so far, no studies have focused on Sri Lankan women in the UK. This study's aim was to examine the views and opinions of Sri Lankan women living in the UK about perinatal mental health. Methods A convergent mixed-method online survey was administered in English and Sinhalese. A total of 34 Sri Lankan women living in the UK, from their baby's conception to 24 months postpartum, were recruited. Qualitative responses were interpreted using thematic analysis, supported by quantitative data. Results The participants reported that they maintained good perinatal mental health with the support of their partner and family. Midwives were most involved in inquiring about and providing information on perinatal mental health. Social stigma was a dominant barrier to accessing support. Conclusions Midwives need to ensure that perinatal mental health is discussed sensitively with Sri Lankan women. Future quantitative research needs to examine if existing tools are culturally sensitive and qualitative research should include women's partners and families to explore how best to care for this population.