bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impact of m-projective curvature tensor in f (, G)-gravity and f (, 
m
)-gravity
Authors: De Uday Chand , Hazra Dipankar 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This article deals with the characterization of a spacetime and modified gravity, such as

f


,
G

-gravity and

f


,



m

-gravity endowed with the m-projective curvature tensor. At first, we show that a m-projectively flat perfect fluid spacetime satisfying Einstein’s field equations represents a dark energy era. Also, we prove that such a spacetime obeying the strong energy condition is locally isometric to Minkowski spacetime. Moreover, it is established that a m-projectively flat perfect fluid spacetime is either a de-Sitter spacetime or a Minkowski spacetime. In addition, we show that a perfect fluid spacetime admitting harmonic m-projective curvature tensor is a Robertson-Walker spacetime. Next, we study m-projectively flat perfect fluid spacetime as a solution of

f


,
G

-gravity and

f


,



m

-gravity theories and explain their physical meaning. Several energy conditions in terms of Ricci scalar are investigated with the models

f


,
G

=
exp
(

)
+
α
ln
(
6
G
)

and

f


,



m

=
λ
+



2

2

+



m

. For these models, the weak, null and dominant energy conditions are satisfied, while the strong energy condition is violated, which is good agreement with the recent observational studies and this reveals that the current Universe is in accelerating phase.
Weak measurement as a tool for characterizing coherence and quantum correlations in bipartite systems
Authors: V S Indrajith , Muthuganesan R , Sankaranarayanan R 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this article, we study quantum coherence of bipartite state from the perspective of weak measurement, which generalizes the notion of coherence relative to measurement. This is being illustrated by computing coherence for the well-known Bell diagonal and Werner states. Further, we have expanded the notion of coherence to encompass correlations, exploring its connections with other quantifications of nonlocality. We have determined that this coherence measure can be perceived as a generalized version of the Wigner-Yanese skew information measure and several other nonlocal measures. As a natural extension, we introduce uncertainty relations within the context of weak measurements. Additionally, we propose a novel form of variance by considering the weak value of an observable within a comprehensive framework.
Dual-FBG arrays hybrid measurement technology for mechanical strain, temperature, and thermal strain on composite materials
Authors: Liang Zhihong , Wang Xuan , Ma Yunlong , Yan Jiajia , Di Wu  , Wang Yue , Wang Yishou 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The response measurement of spacecraft during reentry is very important for designing the base composite structure. This paper proposes a hybrid measurement method to measure the mechanical strain, the temperature, and the thermal strain using dual fiber Bragg grating (FBG) arrays. The decoupling of temperature and stain is illustrated by a three-step process such that triple physical variables are measured simultaneously. For the base composite structure, four heating scenarios with thermal steady and non-steady states encountered during the lifting re-entry were designed to illustrate the feasibility of the proposed method. Under the thermal non-steady state, the average absolute error of the temperature measured by the dual-FBG and the thermocouple did not exceed 2.799 K. Meanwhile, the dual FBG-based thermal strain was compared with the thermally measured strain with an average relative error of no more than 2.913%. A finite element model at different temperatures was developed to calculate mechanical responses and was compared with the results obtained by FBG. The results show significant agreement between the measurement and the simulation, with a maximum error of 3.61%.
The Simons Observatory: a new open-source power spectrum pipeline applied to the Planck legacy data
Authors: Li Zack , Louis Thibaut , Calabrese Erminia , Jense Hidde , Alonso David , Atkins Zachary , Bond J. Richard , Choi Steve K. , Dunkley Jo , Fabbian Giulio , Garrido Xavier , H. Jaffe Andrew , Madhavacheril Mathew S. , Meerburg P. Daniel , Natale Umberto , Qu Frank J. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We present a reproduction of the Planck 2018 angular power spectra at ℓ > 30,
and associated covariance matrices, for intensity and polarization maps at 100, 143 and 217
GHz. This uses a new, publicly available, pipeline that is part of the PSpipe package.
As a test case we use the same input maps, ancillary products, and analysis choices as in the Planck 2018 analysis, and find that we can reproduce the spectra to 0.1σ precision, and
the covariance matrices to 10%. We show that cosmological parameters estimated from our
re-derived products agree with the public Planck products to 0.1σ, providing an
independent cross-check of the Planck team's analysis. Going forward, the
publicly-available code can be easily adapted to use alternative input maps, data selections and
analysis choices, for future optimal analysis of Planck data with new ground-based Cosmic
Microwave Background data.
Leading all-loop quantum contribution to the effective potential in the inflationary cosmology
Authors: Kazakov D.I. , Iakhibbaev R.M. , Tolkachev D.M. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we have constructed quantum effective potentials and used them to study slow-roll inflationary cosmology. We derived the generalised RG equation for the effective potential in the leading logarithmic approximation and applied it to evaluate the potentials of the T
2 and T
4-models, which are often used in modern models of slow-roll inflation. We found that while the one-loop correction strongly affects the potential, breaking its original symmetry, the contribution of higher loops smoothes the behaviour of the potential. However, unlike the ϕ
4-case, we found that the effective potentials preserve spontaneous symmetry breaking when summing all the leading corrections.
We calculated the spectral indices ns
and r for the effective potentials of both models and found that they are consistent with the observational data for a wide range of parameters of the models.
The Potential of Detecting Nearby Terrestrial Planets in the HZ with Different Methods
Authors: Qiao-Yang Hao , Shen-Wei Zhou , Hui-Gen Liu 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Terrestrial planets in the habitable zone (hereafter HZ) around nearby stars are of great interest and provide a good sample to characterize their habitability. In this paper, we collect a nearby star catalog within 20 pc according to the Gaia Catalog of Nearby Stars, complete the physical parameters of the stars, and select stars that are not brown or white dwarfs. After selection, a sample of 2234 main-sequence stars is used to estimate the extended HZ. Then we inject Earth-like planets into the extended HZ around each star and calculate the signals with four methods, i.e., velocity amplitude for radial velocity, transit probability and depth for transit, stellar displacements for astrometry, and contrast and angular separation for imaging. Considering a typical noise model based on classic instruments, e.g., ESPRESSO, Kepler, Gaia, HabEx, and LIFE, we predict the highest possible detection number of Earth-like planets via different methods in the best-case hypothetical scenario. According to this, we conclude that both astrometry and imaging have the potential to detect nearby Earth-like planets around G-type stars, while radial velocity has the potential to detect 2% of nearby Earth-like planets around M stars with a precision of 0.2 m s−1. Our work also provides the precision requirements for future missions to reveal the nearby Earth-like planet in the HZ.
Cross-dataset transfer learning for motor imagery signal classification via multi-task learning and pre-training
Authors: Xie Yuting , Wang Kun , Meng Jiayuan , Yue Jin , Meng Lin , Yi Weibo , Jung Tzyy-Ping , Xu Minpeng , Ming Dong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objective. Deep learning (DL) models have been proven to be effective in decoding motor imagery (MI) signals in Electroencephalogram (EEG) data. However, DL models’ success relies heavily on large amounts of training data, whereas EEG data collection is laborious and time-consuming. Recently, cross-dataset transfer learning has emerged as a promising approach to meet the data requirements of DL models. Nevertheless, transferring knowledge across datasets involving different MI tasks remains a significant challenge in cross-dataset transfer learning, limiting the full utilization of valuable data resources. Approach: This study proposes a pre-training-based cross-dataset transfer learning method inspired by Hard Parameter Sharing in multi-task learning. Different datasets with distinct MI paradigms are considered as different tasks, classified with shared feature extraction layers and individual task-specific layers to allow cross-dataset classification with one unified model. Then, Pre-training and fine-tuning are employed to transfer knowledge across datasets. We also designed four fine-tuning schemes and conducted extensive experiments on them. Main results: The results showed that compared to models without pre-training, models with pre-training achieved a maximum increase in accuracy of 7.76%. Moreover, when limited training data were available, the pre-training method significantly improved DL model’s accuracy by 27.34% at most. The experiments also revealed that pre-trained models exhibit faster convergence and remarkable robustness. The training time per subject could be reduced by up to 102.83 s, and the variance of classification accuracy decreased by 75.22% at best. Significance: This study represents the first comprehensive investigation of the cross-dataset transfer learning method between two datasets with different MI tasks. The proposed pre-training method requires only minimal fine-tuning data when applying DL models to new MI paradigms, making MI-Brain–computer interface more practical and user-friendly.
Comparison of machine learning systems trained to detect Alfvén eigenmodes using the CO2 interferometer on DIII-D
Authors: Garcia Alvin V. , Jalalvand Azarakhsh , Steiner Peter , Rothstein Andy , Van Zeeland Michael , Heidbrink William W. , Kolemen Egemen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A Machine-Learning (ML) based detection scheme that automatically detects Alfvén Eigenmodes (AE) in a labelled DIII-D database is presented here. Controlling AEs is important for the success of planned burning plasma devices such as ITER, since resonant fast ions can drive AEs unstable and degrade the performance of the plasma or damage the first walls of the machine vessel. Artificial Intelligence could be useful for real-time detection and control of AEs in steady-state plasma scenarios by implementing ML-based models into control algorithms that drive actuators for mitigation of AE impacts. Thus, the objective is to compare differences in performance between using two different recurrent neural network systems (Reservoir Computing Network and Long Short Term Memory Network) and two different representations of the

C

O
2

phase data (simple and crosspower spectrograms). All

C

O
2

interferometer chords are used to train both models, but only one is processed during each training step. The results from the model and data comparison show higher performance for the RCN model (True Positive Rate = 90% and False Positive Rate = 14%), and that using simple magnitude spectrograms is sufficient to detect AEs. Also, the vertical

C

O
2

interferometer chord passing near the center is better for ML-based detection of AEs.
Investigations into 3D-printed nautiloid-inspired pressure housings
Authors: Karp Madeline A , Phillips Brennan , Edie Stewart M 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The shell of the chambered nautilus is one of the few examples in nature of a biologically derived one-atmosphere pressure housing, which the animal uses to maintain neutral buoyancy via a series of sealed chambers. Extant species such as Nautilus pompilius live at depths from 200 to 800 m, and similar depth ranges have been hypothesized for their hyper diverse but extinct relatives, the ammonoids. Given the evolutionary success of these molluscan clades, their complex shell morphologies may reveal pressure-tolerant geometries comparable to the ‘ideal’ ones currently used in deep-sea marine robotics: simple spheres and cylinders, which have minimized surface area to volume ratio and easier manufacturability. We modeled and empirically tested 3D-printed bioinspired pressure housings for deep-sea applications using high resolution stereolithography 3D printing. These designs were modeled on the shells of N. pompilius and were compared to conventional 3D-printed spheres with similar wall thicknesses and implodable volumes. Two nautilus-inspired models with internal supports designed after their septal walls (one concave, one convex) had a higher-pressure tolerance compared to hollow models, but none outperformed spherical models with the same outer-wall thickness. Although spheres outperform the nautilus-inspired housings, the methods developed here show that pressure housings with complex geometries can be printed by additive manufacturing and empirically tested. From a biological perspective, this method can be a new tool for empirically testing viable depth tolerances for extinct coiled cephalopod morphologies.
Anatomic and clinical pathology services and infrastructure in Zambia
Authors: Jacobs Jeremy W , Milner Dan , Shibemba Aaron Lunda , Eichbaum Quentin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Pathology services are limited across most of sub-Saharan Africa. We sought to ascertain the availability of anatomic and clinical pathology services and diagnostic resources in Zambia.

Methods
Two individual surveys—one for anatomic pathology and one for clinical pathology/laboratory medicine—were developed by subject matter experts. These surveys were administered to individuals involved in pathology and laboratory medicine diagnostic services at hospitals and laboratories across Zambia from May to October 2022 using the American Society for Clinical Pathology email listserv.

Results
A total of 20 responses were received from 17 unique laboratories—8 sites provide anatomic pathology (AP) services, 12 provide clinical pathology (CP) services, and 3 perform both AP and CP services. Anatomic pathology services are variable and generally limited to a few of the responding laboratories, as only 1 laboratory performs immunohistochemical staining on surgical pathology specimens, and only 2 perform general histochemical stains. Conversely, certain microbiology testing (eg, for HIV) is more widely available.

Conclusions
This study of 17 unique laboratories represents the most complete analysis of pathology capabilities in Zambia. Despite initiatives to improve pathology services, both personnel and infrastructure challenges remain. Given a population of approximately 20 million, expansion of anatomic pathology in Zambia must be prioritized.
Novel network representation model for improving controllability processes on temporal networks
Authors: Liu Yan , Zeng Jianhang , Xu Yue 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Temporal networks are known as the most important tools for representing and storing dynamic systems. This type of network accurately demonstrates all the dynamic changes that occur in a dynamic system. In different applications of dynamic systems, different representation of network models has been used to represent temporal networks. In the last decade, controllability in dynamic systems has become one of the most important challenges in this field. Controllability means the transfer of the network from an initial state to a desired final state in a certain period of time. The most common representation of network model used in control processes is the layered model. But this model has a high overhead, and on the other hand, it slows down the network control processes. In this article, we have proposed a new model for storing and representing temporal networks, which uses a tree structure to save all dynamics of network. Considering that in the proposed model only essential network control information is stored, this model has a very low data overhead compared to the layered model, and this makes the control processes run at a higher speed.
Identifying the elasticity of substitution with biased technical change: a structural panel GMM estimator
Authors: von Brasch Thomas , Raknerud Arvid , Vigtel Trond C 
Published: September 2023

Summary:
This paper provides a structural panel GMM (P-GMM) estimator of the elasticity of substitution between capital and labour that does not depend on external instruments, and which can be applied in the presence of biased technical change. We identify the conditions under which P-GMM is a consistent estimator and compare it to a fixed effects estimator. Using a Monte Carlo study, we find that the P-GMM estimator is nearly unbiased provided the number of time periods (T) is not too small. We show analytically how the small-T bias is related to metrics of weak identification. In an application on manufacturing firms in Norway, we estimate the elasticity of substitution to be 1.9 using the P-GMM and 1.0 using the fixed effects estimator. Neglecting simultaneity may thus lead to the conclusion that capital and labour are complements or can be described by Cobb–Douglas technology, when, in fact, they are substitutes.
An unexpected cause of pulmonary hypertension in a young woman: a case report
Authors: Aeberhard Judith , Lichtblau Mona , Arenja Nisha 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is defined as a progressive disease that leads to right heart failure and death if untreated. This case report presents a young woman with reversible precapillary PH in the setting of a gastric cancer.

Case summary
A 37-year-old woman presented with exertional dyspnoea and syncope. The transthoracic echocardiographic findings were consistent with a cor pulmonale. Right heart catheterization (RHC) proved a precapillary PH. Specific PH therapy with macitentan and tadalafil was initiated. Shortly thereafter, a gastric carcinoma was diagnosed, and oncologic treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and subsequent gastrectomy was promptly initiated. Retrospectively, we considered a pulmonary tumour thrombotic microangiopathy the most probable cause of PH. Follow-up after successful oncologic treatment and cumulative 10 months of specific PH medication showed an excellent clinical response with complete remission of PH confirmed by RHC at rest.

Discussion
Tumour-related PH is very rare and might be largely underdiagnosed as the clinical course often results in a rapid deterioration and fatal outcome before diagnostics are completed. Post mortem studies have documented tumoural emboli in pulmonary microcirculation in ∼26% of patients with a solid tumour, markedly associated with adenocarcinoma. Prompt initiation of cancer treatment on tumoural PH is essential. To our knowledge, this report documents the first full recovery of tumoural PH at rest after successful cancer treatment and temporary specific PH medication. We therefore conclude that a multidisciplinary approach with an initially combined oncologic and PH therapy may be most beneficial with the potential of complete remission of PH.
Risk of incident cardiovascular disease among patients with gastrointestinal disorder: a prospective cohort study of 330 751 individuals
Authors: Chen Jie , Sun Yuhao , Fu Tian , Lu Shiyuan , Shi Wenming , Zhao Jianhui , Li Sen , Li Xue , Yuan Shuai , Larsson Susanna C 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background and aims
The associations between gastrointestinal diseases (GIs) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) were unclear. We conducted a prospective cohort study to explore their associations.

Methods
This study included 330 751 individuals without baseline CVD from the UK Biobank cohort. Individuals with and without GIs were followed up until the ascertainment of incident CVDs, including coronary heart disease (CHD), cerebrovascular disease (CeVD), heart failure (HF), and peripheral artery disease (PAD). The diagnosis of diseases was confirmed with combination of the nationwide inpatient data, primary care data, and cancer registries. A multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to estimate the associations between GIs and the risk of incident CVD.

Results
During a median follow-up of 11.8 years, 31 605 incident CVD cases were diagnosed. Individuals with GIs had an elevated risk of CVD (hazard ratio 1.37; 95% confidence interval 1.34–1.41, P &lt; 0.001). Eleven out of 15 GIs were associated with an increased risk of CVD after Bonferroni-correction, including cirrhosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, gastritis and duodenitis, irritable bowel syndrome, Barrett's esophagus, gastroesophageal reflux disease, peptic ulcer, celiac disease, diverticulum, appendicitis, and biliary disease. The associations were stronger among women, individuals aged ≤60 years, and those with body mass index ≥25 kg/m2.

Conclusions
This large-scale prospective cohort study revealed the associations of GIs with an increased risk of incident CVD, in particular CHD and PAD. These findings support the reinforced secondary CVD prevention among patients with gastrointestinal disorders.
Negative Tail Events, Emotions and Risk Taking
Authors: Corgnet Brice , Cornand Camille , Hanaki Nobuyuki 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
We design a novel experiment to assess investors’ behavioural and physiological reactions to negative tail events. Investors who observed, without suffering from, tail events decreased their bids, whereas investors suffering tail losses increased them. However, the increase in bids after tail losses was not observed for those who exhibited no emotional arousal. This suggests that emotions are key in explaining prospect theory prediction of risk seeking in the loss domain.
Mother’s warmth from maternal genes: genomic imprinting of brown adipose tissue
Authors: Ayache Lynn , Bushell Aiden , Lee Jessica , Salminen Iiro , Crespi Bernard 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background and objectives
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) plays key roles in mammalian physiology, most notably with regard to thermoregulation in infants and juveniles. Previous studies have suggested that intragenomic conflict, in the form of genomic imprinting, mediates BAT thermogenesis, because it represents a public good for groups of siblings, or a mother with her offspring, who huddle together to conserve warmth. By this hypothesis, maternally expressed imprinted genes should promote BAT, while paternally expressed genes should repress it.

Methodology
We systematically searched the literature using two curated lists of genes imprinted in humans and/or mice, in association with evidence regarding effects of perturbation to imprinted gene expression on BAT development or activity.

Results
Overall, enhanced BAT was associated with relatively higher expression of maternally expressed imprinted genes, and relatively lower expression of paternally expressed imprinted genes; this pattern was found for 16 of the 19 genes with sufficient information for robust ascertainment (Binomial test, P &lt; 0.005, 2-tailed).

Conclusions and implications
These results support the kinship theory of imprinting and indicate that future studies of BAT, and its roles in human health and disease, may usefully focus on effects of imprinted genes and associated genomic conflicts.