bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Iraqi Political Theater: More than a Comment
Authors: Shakir Khalaf Fatima , Sanaa Lazim Hassan Sanaa 
Published: August 2023

This study aims to shed light on the Iraqi political theatre , and how the political events especially war effected the on the theatrical works. The researcher chooses the Iraqi playwright Ali Abdul nabi Az-Zaidi as representative .The study gives short introduction on the Iraqi political events starting from 1980`s , then it deals with (Rubbish) (Qummama) and this play shows the destruction of Iraqi social life after long eight years of war , the play tells the story of a solider comes back from a war with an obstruction to find that his wife and mother have lost their chastity and worked as Prostitutes. The play is full of dark images which show the devastating effect of war on both human and society .
بناء اختبار لمفهوم جائحة كورونا (كوفيد ١٩) لدى اطفال الروضة
Authors: أ.م.د. زهراء زيد شفيق العبيدي  
Published: August 2023

هدف البحث التعرف إلى التعرف الى مستوى مفهوم جائحة كورونا (كوفيد ١٩) لدى اطفال الروضة، ، اذ تكون مجتمع البحث من أطفال الروضة في محافظة بغداد، ضمن مديرية تربية (الكرخ الثانية) من(الذكور والإناث) للعام الدراسي (2021-2022)م، ولاجل الكشف عن مستوى مفهوم جائحة كورونا (كوفيد ١٩) لدى اطفال الروضة، تم اختيار عينة البحث والبالغة (100) طفل وطفلة بواقع (50 ) طفل ، و(50 ) طفلة ، كما قامت الباحثة ببناء اختبار يتسم بالصدق والثبات ، وأعتمدت الباحثة في أختيار عينة بحثها على الطريقة العشوائية البسيطة حيث بلغ عدد اطفال العينة (100) طفل وطفلة بواقع (50) ذكور و(50) إناث تم أختيارهم من اربع روضات ضمن الكرخ الثانية في محافظة بغداد، وقامت الباحثة ببناء اختبارلمعرفة مفهوم جائحة كورونا (كوفيد19) لدى أطفال الروضة، ولاستخراج نتائج البحث استعملت الباحثة الاختبار التائي لعينة واحدة والاختبار التائي لعينتين مستقلتين، وتوصلت الباحثة إلى نتائج اهداف البحث المراد تحقيقها في التعرف الى مفهوم جائحة كورونا (كوفيد19) لدى أطفال الروضة.
أثر انقلاب الاتحاديين الفكري والسياسي في العراق 1908 – 1914
Authors: نوري غلام م.م. اسراء 
Published: August 2023

إن الحياة السياسية في العراق كانت تسير بخطوات سريعة، وكان لثورة الاتحاديين عام 1908, دور واضح في تحديد شكل الحياة السياسية الجديدة في العراق وعدت تلك الثورة نقطة تحول خطيرة في تاريخ الدولة العثمانية والشعوب المنضوية تحت لوائها لاسيما وأن تلك الشعوب تتطلع الى التحرر من نير الأستبداد الحميدي لحقبة تزيد على ثلاثة عقود وتطمح لإعادة الدستور الذي عطله بعد تسلمه العرش بمدة وجيزة، وكان لثورة عام 1908, صدى واسع في العراق، فبعد أن كان العراقيون يقرأون في الصحف العراقية والعربية عن نشاط الحركات السياسية في دول الغرب، وعن أحداث تلك الاضطرابات والاحتجاجات والمظاهرات، وبعد أن تعرفوا على معاني مصطلحات سياسية مثل التمثيل السياسي والانتخاب والحرية والعدالة والمساواة من خلال قراءة الصحف والمجلات أصبحوا بعد ثورة الاتحاديين وجهاً لوجه أمام هذه المسميات، بعد أن كانوا ولمدة طويلة قليلي النشاط السياسي مقارنة بنظرائهم من مثقفي بلاد الشام ومصر، ونادت الثورة منذ بداياتها بالحرية والعدالة والمساواة، الأسس الثلاثة التي نادى بها قادة الثورة وأرادوا تطبيقها على جميع أبناء الدولة العثمانية من دون تمييز ديني أو قومي .
Radiofrequency ablation during stereoelectroencephalography: from diagnostic tool to therapeutic intervention. Illustrative case
Authors: Serletis Demitre , Bulacio Juan , Bingaman Justin , Abushanab Elham , Harasimchuk Stephen P. , Rammo Richard , Neme-Mercante Silvia , Bingaman William 
Published: August 2023

BACKGROUND
Radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTC) during intracranial stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG) was first described as a safe technique for creating lesions of epileptic foci in 2004. Since that time, the method has been applied as a diagnostic and/or palliative intervention. Although widely practiced in European epilepsy surgical programs, the technique has not been popularized in the United States given the lack of Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved technologies permitting safe usage of in situ sEEG electrodes for this purpose.

OBSERVATIONS
The authors present a case report of a young female patient with refractory left neocortical temporal lobe epilepsy undergoing sEEG electrode implantation, who underwent sEEG-guided RFTC via a stereotactic temperature-sensing pallidotomy probe. Although used as a diagnostic step in her workup, the patient has remained seizure-free for nearly 18 months.

LESSONS
The use of in situ sEEG electrodes for RFTC remains limited in the United States. In this context, this case highlights a safe alternative and temporizing approach to performing diagnostic sEEG-guided RFTC, using a temperature-sensing pallidotomy probe to create small, precise stereotactic lesions. The authors caution careful consideration of this technique as a temporary work-around solution while also highlighting the rising need for new FDA-approved technologies for safe RFTC through in situ temperature-sensing sEEG electrodes.
Analisa Hasil Terjemahan Google Translate Dalam Lirik Lagu “To The Bone” Oleh Pamungkas
Authors: Arba Nurul , Widyasari Widyasari , Efendi Yudi , Syaputri Wuri 
Published: August 2023

Bahasa disetiap negara memiliki perbedaan, sehingga tidak semua masayarakat dapat mengikutinya. Sehingga diperlukan terjemahan untuk menghubungkan orang-orang dari bahasa yang berbeda. Perkembangan teknologi semakin pesat salah satunya adalah google translate. Namun google translate memiliki kelemahan yaitu sering terjadi kesalahan Bahasa saat menerjemahkan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kesalahan bahasa hasil terjemahan google translate dalam lirik lagu “To the Bone” oleh Pamungkas. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lirik lagu dari “To the Bone” oleh Pamungkas, yang diterjemahkan dari bahasa inggris ke bahasa indonesia. Kemudian dianalisis untuk mengetahui kesalahan bahasa yang ada dalam lirik tersebut. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa kesalahan terjemahan yang ditemui saat menerjemahkan lirik lagu Pamungkas To the Bone oleh Google Translate terbagi menjadi empat kategori kesalahan terjemahan, yaitu kesalahan penghilangan sebanyak tujuh kesalahan, kesalahan penambahan sebanyak empat kesalahan, kesalahan pemilihan sebanyak tiga dan kesalahan urutan dengan dua kesalahan. Kesalahan mayoritas dari penggunaan google translate adalah Bahasa hasil terjemahan tidak sesuai dengan maksud yang disampikan dari lagu tersebut.
Dari Dunia Offline ke Dunia Online: Merangkul Literasi Digital
Authors: Hetilaniar  , Rokhman Fathhur , Pristiwati Rahayu 
Published: August 2023

Pasca pandemi covid-19 telah mengubah dunia offline ke online. Dengan adanya perkembangan teknologi tentunya dapat membantu program literasi digital. Pada artikel ini akan menjelaskan tentang bagaimana kemajuan literasi digital setelah pandemi covid-19 berakhir. Metode yang digunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan studi literatur. Dari hasil kajian literatur dapat dilihat bahwa perubahan dunia offline ke online dapat mengubah perilaku kehidupan bermasyarakat dilihat dari akses informasi, komunikasi, kolaborasi, pembelajaran berbasis digital, kesadaran dan keamanan digital.
The Abnormal Alternations of Brain Imaging in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Systematic Review
Authors: Wang Mengxue , Wang Yanjuan , Wang Zan , Ren Qingguo 
Published: August 2023

Background: Cognitive impairment (CI) is an important extrapulmonary complication in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Multimodal Neuroimaging Examination can display changes in brain structure and functions in patients with COPD. Objective: The purpose of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the variations in brain imaging in patients with COPD and their potential relationship with CI. Furthermore, we aim to provide new ideas and directions for future research. Methods: Literature searches were performed using the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. All articles published between January 2000 and November 2021 that met the eligibility criteria were included. Results: Twenty of the 23 studies focused on changes in brain structure and function. Alterations in the brain’s macrostructure are manifested in the bilateral frontal lobe, hippocampus, right temporal lobe, motor cortex, and supplementary motor area. The white matter microstructural changes initially appear in the bilateral frontal subcortical region. Regarding brain function, patients with COPD exhibited reduced frontal cerebral perfusion and abnormal alterations in intrinsic brain activity in the bilateral posterior cingulate cortex, precuneus, right lingual gyrus, and left anterior central gyrus. Currently, there is limited research related to brain networks. Conclusion: CI in patients with COPD may present as a type of dementia different from Alzheimer’s disease, which tends to manifest as frontal cognitive decline early in the disease. Further studies are required to clarify the neurobiological pathways of CI in patients with COPD from the perspective of brain connectomics based on the whole-brain system in the future.
Punishment of the Forced Adulterer in Islamic Jurisprudence
Authors: Rahmani Ghulam Rabani 
Published: August 2023

Reluctance to commit adultery is either directed at a woman or a man. Therefore, whenever a woman is forced to commit adultery, whether she is reluctant, complete or incomplete, according to the majority of jurists, considering the verse: {وَلَا تُكْرِهُوا فَتَيَاتِكُمْ عَلَى الْبِغَاءِ إِنْ أَرَدْنَ تَحَصُّنًا لِتَبْتَغُوا عَرَضَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَمَنْ يُكْرِهْهُنَّ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ مِنْ بَعْدِ إِكْرَاهِهِنَّ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ}. The Sharia (Hadd) does not apply to him. Because the verse of negating the sin of a woman who is forced to commit adultery, and when the sin is negated, the Sharia (Hadd) is ignored. However, if a man is forced to commit adultery, there is a different opinion among the jurists regarding the implementation of the Sharia (Hadd). According to the perspectives of Abu Hanifa's companions, Mukhtar and Mufti Imam Malik and apparently the opinion of Shafis’ ar, “a man who is forced to commit adultery” due to the pseudo-reluctance, the Sharia (Hadd) is not necessary.Most of the Malikis and Hanbalis believe that there is an incumbent of Sharia (Hadd) on abominable (Makrooh). Because intercourse does not take place without the penis being moved consciously. So, whenever the movement of the penis is seen, the reluctance is eliminated and the Sharia (Hadd) is obligatory. From Imam Abu Hanifa's point of view, there is a difference between the reluctance of a ruler (king) and a non-ruler. So there is no Sharia (Hadd) to ruler's reluctance; because he cannot get rid of the king by appealing to someone who is stronger than him. But by referring to the king, he can overcome the reluctance of others.
PENINGKATAN MUTU KINERJA GURU MELALUI SUPERVISI AKADEMIK DI SDN 1 SELAT HILIR SEMESTER 1 TAHUN PELAJARAN 2020/2021
Authors: Verena Deli 
Published: August 2023

Berdasarkan observasi pendahuluan dan wawancara langsung dengan kepala guru-guru SDN 1 Selat Hilir memiliki kinerja yang kurang baik. guru-guru SDN 1 Selat Hilir belum memiliki kedisiplinan yang tinggi yang ditujukan kepada seluruh warga sekolah. Dengan fasilitas yang kurang memadai SDN 1 Selat Hilir jadi kurang mampu bersaing dengan sekolah lain.Oleh karenanya peneliti hendak meningkatkan mutu kinerja guru SDN 1 Selat Hilir melalui supervisi akademik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan sekolah (School Action Research).Penelitian ini akan dilaksanakan di SDN 1 Selat Hilir. Data penelitian tindakan sekolah yang diperoleh dari Hasil penilaian mutu kinerja guru pada pra siklus, hasilnya adalah mutu kinerja guru rendah. Hal ini di tunjukkan dengan adanya perolehan skor rata-rata hasil penilaian siklus I yaitu 57,5 , oleh karenanya perlu peningkatan ke skor yang lebih tinggi lagi agar mencapai skor maksimal. Hasil penilaian mutu kinerja guru pada siklus I, hasilnya adalah mutu kinerja guru sedang. Hal ini di tunjukkan dengan adanya perolehan skor rata-rata hasil penilaian siklus I yaitu 93,9 , akan tetapi perlu peningkatan ke skor yang lebih tinggi lagi agar mencapai skor maksimal. Dengan adanya hasil observasi dan penilaian pada kegiatan siklus I maka peneliti melakukan refleksi. Dari refleksi terhadap seluruh kegiatan pada siklus I, maka refleksi pada siklus I adalah sebagai berikut: Pada siklus II, hasilnya adalah mutu kinerja guru tinggi. Hal ini di tunjukkan dengan adanya perolehan skor rata-rata hasil penilaian siklus II yaitu 135,79, hal ini sudah memenuhi target karena mencapai skor maksimal yaitu mendekati 180.
Antioxidant Activity of n-hexane and Etil Acetate Fractions of Bangkal (Nauclea subdita (Korth.) Steud.) Leaves
Authors: Arnida Arnida , Madani Al , Sutomo Sutomo 
Published: August 2023

Bangkal (Nauclea subdita (Korth.) Steud.) is a tropical plant belonging to the Rubiaceae family, commonly found in South Kalimantan. This plant is one of the plants that has efficacy as a medicinal plant. This study aimed to quantitatively identify secondary metabolites and antioxidant activity in the n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of N. subdita leaves. The method of identification of secondary metabolites using the test tube. Antioxidant activity using the DPPH method based on IC50 value. The results of identifying secondary metabolites in the n-hexane fraction of N. subdita leaves contain alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, and phenolic compounds, while the ethyl acetate fraction of N. subdita leaves contain alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, tannins, saponins, and phenolics. The results of the antioxidant activity test of the n-hexane fraction and the ethyl acetate fraction of the leaves of N. subdita showed IC50 values ​​of 229.61178±3.65919 and 54.54296±0.02236 ppm, respectively. Based on the IC50 value, the n-hexane fraction of N. subdita leaves had weak antioxidant activity, and the ethyl acetate fraction of N. subdita leaves had strong antioxidant activity.
A EDUCAÇÃO DO CAMPO E A EDUCAÇÃO RURAL: APONTAMENTOS DAS REALIDADES DO MÉXICO SOBRE AS SALAS/ESCOLAS MULTISSERIADAS/MULTIGRADO
Authors: Inácia Alves Amone , Arévalo Robles Manuel de Jésus 
Published: August 2023

Esse texto, produto de um seminário realizado pela Red temática de investigación de educación rural – RIER- onde apresentamos uma análise comparativa entre a educação do campo no Brasil e a educação rural (México), pretende analisar quais intersecções é possível fazer entre essas propostas de ensino, tomando como base as pesquisas já realizadas e os resultados desses trabalhos. Sabendo que as salas/escolas multisseriadas são uma realidade nos dois países, com menos frequência no Brasil, é objeto dessa escrita trazer apontamentos sobre as duas realidades, mostrando o que os trabalhos já realizados apontaram. Trata-se de uma análise bibliográfica, de caráter documental, cujos documentos são as portarias, decretos e normas que norteiam essa prática nos dois países. Utilizamos os seguintes autores para a análise das escolas multisseriadas/multigrado: Hage (2006), Leite (2002), Arroyo (2011), Rocha (2022). Locks (2013), Hamodi y Aragués (2014), Marrero y Rodrigues (2012), Martinez & Bolãnos (2019), Solera (2016) e Carvilo (2021). É um estudo comparativo, que visa retratar o cenário dessas escolas no Brasil e como é possível a sua defesa, em uma perspectiva que aponta para o seu fechamento. Compreendemos que as escolas multisseriadas apresentam uma alternativa para a educação do campo, possibilitando a garantia do direito à educação para as populações rurais.
Palavras-chave: Educação do campo. Escolas multisseriadas. Escuelas multigrado.

ABSTRACT
This text, product of Thematic Network of research of rural education - RIER - where we present a comparative analysis between rural education in Brazil and rural education (Mexico), aims to analyze what intersections it is possible to make between these teaching proposals, from the research already carried out and the results of these works. Knowing that multiseriate classrooms / schools are a reality in both countries, it is the object of this research to provide notes on the two realities, showing what the work already done indicated. It is a bibliographic analysis, of a documentary nature, whose documents are the ordinances, decrees and norms that guide this practice in both countries. It is a comparative study, which aims to portray the scenario of these schools in Brazil and how it is possible to defend them, in a perspective that points to their closure.
Keywords: Rural education. Rural education. Multigrade schools.
Utilization of Date Pulp and Pit Powder to make Decaf Coffee to Improve Cognitive Health
Authors: Qasim Areeb , Nazir Anum , Itrat Nizwa , Khalid Iqra , Virk Tabish Ali , Khan Moazzam Rafiq , Rahim Muhammad Abdul , Mushtaq Zain , Khan Muhammad Arslan 
Published: August 2023

The health-conscious consumers are interested in replacing health-deteriorating drinks with functional beverages in current epochs. There is no higher truth that coffee consumption reduces risk of type II diabetes, Alzheimer, and other brain anomalies but it is also the fact that CGA (chlorogenic acid) and caffeine in coffee may pose risk of cardiovascular diseases and unhealthy mood fluctuations. Various health concerns of coffee consumption urge the need to produce a caffeine-free healthy alternative to coffee, which should also acquire the taste attributes of coffee. The development of instant coffee powder using date seeds and pomace powder for improved cognitive function can break new grounds in the market. The goal of the current study was to investigate the compositional profile of coffee prepared from date pomace and date seed powder. Date seeds were roasted at 200 °C for 20 min and a blend was made in combination with date pomace, milk powder and coconut as flavor enhancer. Proximate analysis of coffee powder such as moisture, ash, crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber and NFE percentages was determined. The results showed that prepared coffee powders contained significant fiber, low fat, less protein and a nearly equal percentage of moisture and ash as compared to Coffea arabica powder (control), with nearly zero caffeine content. Preliminary tests such as color, acidity, calories, total polyphenols, DPPH test, and FRAP assay were carried out because the study attempted to replace Arabica coffee beans with date beans. Phytochemical screening of coffee powders revealed that total phenolic content was highest for CB4 (20.90 ± 0.46 mg/g) which contained maximum date seed powder (35 %). Similarly, DPPH and FRAP assay were also found maximum for CB4 which were 81.11 ± 0.32 % and 23.17 ± 0.44 % respectively. Acidity and caffeine of prepared coffee powders were lower than control. It is hypothesized that decaf coffee may substitute caffeinated coffee for neurological health.
Smoking behavior and hypertension among health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: a case study in Java and Bali-Indonesia
Authors: Misnaniarti  , Nugraheni Wahyu Pudji , Nantabah Zainul Khaqiqi , Restuningtyas Fraschiska Rizky , Hartono Risky Kusuma , Rachmawati Tety , Mubasyiroh Rofingatul , Kusnali Asep 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundHealth workers who should be role models for the community not to smoke and live a healthy life are still consuming cigarettes. Java and Bali (especially Java) are the biggest contributors to health worker deaths due to COVID-19 in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the association of smoking behavior and hypertension among health workers in Java and Bali. The researchers conducted this study in 2021 and designed it with a cross-sectional design. Data was collected online using the Lime Survey as a data collection tool. The data analysis used was logistic regression to determine the association of smoking and hypertension.ResultA number of 7.6% of health workers were still smoking and 10.4% were suffering from hypertension during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study shows that the proportion of health workers with hypertension is two times that of smokers (18.0%) compared to non-smokers (9.8%). Logistic regression showed that smoking has a 20% higher risk of developing hypertension (OR = 1.97; 95%CI = 1.01–1.41; p = 0.034).ConclusionAmong health workers on the islands of Java and Bali, there are still many who smoke, and this puts them at a higher risk of experiencing hypertension.
Causal effects of specific gut microbiota on bone mineral density: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Chen Shuai , Zhou Guowei , Han Huawei , Jin Jie , Li Zhiwei 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundRecent studies have reported that the gut microbiota is essential for preventing and delaying the progression of osteoporosis. Nonetheless, the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and the risk of osteoporosis has not been fully revealed.MethodsA two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis based on a large-scale genome-wide association study (GWAS) was conducted to investigate the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and bone mineral density (BMD). Instrumental variables for 211 gut microbiota taxa were obtained from the available GWAS meta-analysis (n = 18,340) conducted by the MiBioGen consortium. The summary-level data for BMD were from the Genetic Factors for Osteoporosis (GEFOS) Consortium, which involved a total of 32,735 individuals of European ancestry. The inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method was performed as a primary analysis to estimate the causal effect, and the robustness of the results was tested via sensitivity analyses by using multiple methods. Finally, a reverse MR analysis was applied to evaluate reverse causality.ResultsAccording to the IVW method, we found that nine, six, and eight genetically predicted gut microbiota were associated with lumbar spine (LS) BMD, forearm (FA) BMD, and femoral neck (FN) BMD, respectively. Among them, the higher genetically predicted Genus Prevotella9 level was correlated with increased LS-BMD [β = 0.125, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.050–0.200, P = 0.001] and FA-BMD (β = 0.129, 95% CI: 0.007–0.251, P = 0.039). The higher level of genetically predicted Family Prevotellaceae was associated with increased FA-BMD (β = 0.154, 95% CI: 0.020–0.288, P = 0.025) and FN-BMD (β = 0.080, 95% CI: 0.015–0.145, P = 0.016). Consistent directional effects for all analyses were observed in both the MR-Egger and weighted median methods. Subsequently, sensitivity analyses revealed no heterogeneity, directional pleiotropy, or outliers for the causal effect of specific gut microbiota on BMD (P &gt; 0.05). In reverse MR analysis, there was no evidence of reverse causality between LS-BMD, FA-BMD, and FN-BMD and gut microbiota (P &gt; 0.05).ConclusionGenetic evidence suggested a causal relationship between the gut microbiota and BMD and identified specific bacterial taxa that regulate bone mass variation. Further exploration of the potential microbiota-related mechanisms of bone metabolism might provide new approaches for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.