bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Landslide Mapping Using InSAR and GIS Techniques: A Case Study at Debresina Area, Ethiopia
Authors: Agegnehu Natnael , Gerra Solomon 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
A landslide is the major geohazard in the Ethiopian highlands. We used InSAR and GIS techniques to map landslide susceptibility. SAR images generated from Sentinel 1A are utilised for landslide displacement investigations during the InSAR method. GIS analysis results showed that it is a powerful technique to classify landslide zoning into very high, high, moderate, and low susceptibility, whereas the wrapped Interferogram shows a displacement of -12 to 12 mm/yr. Thus, high and very high classes of landslide zoning overlapped in the highest displacement regions. Results were validated with GPS data using the R-index method. Accordingly, 79.45% of sample points fall on the displacement map (Interferogram), and the same percent of those points overlap with the high and very high landslide zones. This means InSAR and GIS methods can be used for landslide susceptibility mapping, but for more accuracy and quantification of landslide displacement, InSAR techniques are recommended.
The influence of soil and climatic conditions on the formation of economically valuable characteristics of soybean varieties [Glycine max (L.) Merril]
Authors: Korol L. V. , Topchii O. V. , Dikhtiar I. O. , Piskova O. V. , Ivanytska A. P. , Shcherbynina N. P. 
Published: August 2023

Purpose. To carry out the clustering of soybean varie­ties suitable for growing in different agro-climatic regions of Ukraine, according to yield, and to identify the influence of the soil-climatic conditions of the Steppe, Forest-Steppe, and Polissia on their economically valuable characteristics in order to provide recommendations to producers regarding the selection of varieties for farms.
Methods. The research involved laboratory, computational and statistical methods.
Results. The highest oil content was obtained in 2019 in the Steppe zone in the seeds of such varieties as ‘ES COMPOSITOR’ (25.8%), ‘Churaivna’ (25.7%), ‘Atacama’ (25.7%) and ‘Acardia’ (25.3%); in Polish – ‘ES COMPOSITOR’ (24.7%) and ‘Acardia’ (24.2%). The most “crude protein” was obtained in 2020 in the Forest Steppe, in particular, the variety ‘ES BACHE­LOR’ was characterized by the maximum values – 45.3%. Regardless of the influence of the factors, high yield indicators provided ‘Atacama’ (2.4–3.4 t/ha), ‘Acardia’ (2.5–3.2 t/ha), ‘ES COMPOSITOR’ (2.4–3.5 t/ha) and ‘ES CHANCELLOR’ (2.5– 2.9 t/ha); low – ‘Churaivna’ (2.3–2.7 t/ha), ‘ES BACHELOR’ (2.2–2.7 t/ha). The yield of ‘Adessa’, ‘RGT SPHINXA’ (2.7– 3.0 t/ha each) and ‘SOLENA’ (2.7–3.2 t/ha) depended on the weather conditions of the year. In the Steppe zone, three clusters are distinguished by yield indicators: the first – the varieties ‘Atacama’, ‘ES COMPOSITOR’ and ‘Churaivna’, the se­cond – ‘Adessa’, ‘RGT SPHINXA’ and ‘ES BACHELOR’, the third – ‘Acardia’ and ‘ES CHANCELLOR’; in the Forest Steppe – four: the first – ‘Adessa’, ‘RGT SPHINXA’ and ‘ES CHANCELLOR’, the second – ‘Churaivna’ and ‘ES BACHELOR’, the third – ‘Acardia’ and ‘SOLENA’, the fourth – ‘Atacama’ and ‘ES COMPOSITOR’; in Polissia there are two clusters: the first – ‘RGT SPHINXA’, ‘ES COMPOSITOR’ and ‘ES CHANCELLOR’, the second – ‘Acardia’ and ‘Angelica’.
Conclusions. For cultivation in a farm, it is necessary to select varieties that, according to the results of the analysis, were in different clusters. On the other hand, those that are in the same cluster should be avoided, because they react more or less the same to the conditions of cultivation and therefore may react similarly to the action of adverse environmental factors.
Predicting cyanobacteria abundance with Bayesian zero-inflated models
Authors: Zhang Yirao , Peleato Nicolas M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCyanobacterial blooms are a persistent concern to water management and treatment, with blooms potentially causing the release of toxins and degrading water quality. However, previous models have not considered the zero inflation of cyanobacteria count data. Typically, a relatively large proportion of measured count data are zeros or non-detects of cyanobacteria, representing either no cyanobacteria was present or the cell number was too low to be detected. Commonly used Poisson and negative binomial models for count data underestimate the probability of zero data, making these models less reliable. This study proposes a Bayesian approach to fit the cyanobacteria abundance data with mixture models that handle zero-inflated data. Predictor variables considered included weather and water quality measures that can easily be obtained day-to-day. The optimal model (zero-inflated negative binomial) was used to predict cyanobacteria alert levels on a separate test set. The ability to predict narrow alert levels was limited, however, 76% accuracy was achieved in predicting cyanobacteria counts above or below 1,000 cells/mL. Parameter estimates were highly variable and demonstrated that complex and uncertain factors influence cyanobacteria count predictions. The modelling approach can be applied to a wide range of environmental problems where zero-inflated data is common.
Advancements in saline water treatment: a review
Authors: Somashekar V. , Anand A. Vivek , Hariprasad V. , Elsehly Emad M. , Kapulu Mofwe 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

The growing population and increasing water demand necessitate exploring alternative sources of water, including saline water. Saline water treatment technologies have undergone significant advancements in recent years, enabling the production of potable water from seawater and brackish water. This review provides an overview of the current state of saline water treatment technologies, including desalination and membrane-based processes. The advantages and limitations of each technology and their suitability for different applications are discussed. Recent advancements in materials and techniques that have led to improvements in energy efficiency, productivity, and cost-effectiveness of these technologies are highlighted. Finally, the future directions and challenges in the field of saline water treatment are outlined.
Performance of a right-triangle stilling basin: a laboratory investigation
Authors: Rabiei Asma , Mohammadzadeh-Habili Jahanshir , Chadee Aaron Anil , Zomorodian Seyed Mohammadali , Jameel Mohammed , Azamathulla Hazi Mohammad 
Published: August 2023

AbstractOne of the most used hydraulic structures for energy dissipation of supercritical flow is the hydraulic jump stilling basin. From dimensional analysis, the sequent flow depth ratio of a hydraulic jump over the right-triangle basin is derived as a function of the inflow Froude number and relative length of the basin front. The proposed structure stabilized the hydraulic jump at the toe of the chute spillway and hydraulic jump characteristics were investigated for the Froude number ranging from 4.4 &lt; F1 &lt; 7. The results obtained from both numerical and experimental simulations yielded increased efficiency in the energy dissipation performance of this novel design. The modeling showed the formation of two large recirculation regions at the jump roller and jump bed at the beginning of the downstream channel, which resulted in intense energy dissipation in the right-triangle basin. The relative energy loss is approximately 37% higher for relative basin front lengths larger than three compared to the classic jump. Practitioners and academia on the usefulness of a right-triangle basin for hydraulic purposes and further experimental tests are needed to estimate the scalability and cost–benefit of this modified system for implementation.
Problems and Prospects of Women Entrepreneurship in India with Special Reference to the North- East Region
Authors: Amrendra Kumar  
Published: August 2023

In the 21st century, women have come forward to make their contribution to the economic development of India. Many women are runningenterprises successfully through their managerial qualities, commitment, and creativity. Women entrepreneurs have overcome economic and social restrictions. Entrepreneurial activities have helped them to be financially independent and confident. But stillwomen's participation in entrepreneurship is very low in India. There are numerous social, economic, and cultural restrictions thatwomen entrepreneurs have to face. The paper examines the status of women entrepreneurship in North- East India. It also highlights thechallenges faced by women entrepreneurs in the North-East region of India.
Linguodidactic Testing in the Digital Environment as a Tool for Teaching and Controlling the Formation of Language Competence of Foreign Speakers
Authors: Kovaleva T. V. , Amelina I. O. 
Published: August 2023

The article analyzes the system of test tasks in Russian as a foreign language at the stage of pre-university training, designed to control the language competence of students.The aim of the study is to provide high-quality test technologies that contribute to the formation of language competencies of foreign speakers in the conditions of distance and blended learning formats, to analyze their effec-tiveness in study monitoring, self-control and corrective measures.The test materials and the results of the current, interim and final test control in Russian as a foreign language serve as the material of the study. The test materials were created by the authors on the Moodle platform for teaching foreign citizens at the stage of pre-university training at Southwest State University and were uploaded to SWSU’s electronic information educational environment.The Moodle platform has a wide range of tools for designing test tasks, statistical processing of test results, which allow teachers to get information about the quality of tests.The authors of the study conducted a selective statistical analysis of the tests for the current, interim and final control, followed by the adjustment of certain test questions. Statistical analysis took into account such parameters as ease index, standard deviation, random guess score, target weight, effective weight, discrimination index, discrimina-tion efficiency.Automated control at the initial stage of learning Russian as a foreign language is systematic and regular and makes it possible to check the knowledge and skills in vocabulary and grammar acquired in the process of learning, allows the teachers to objectively evaluate and compare the successes and shortcomings in the educational activities of foreign stu-dents, to identify the level of language proficiency, excluding the teacher’s subjective opinion of the student and provides for the possibility of feedback, significantly reduces the time spent on checking and analyzing the results.The authors came to the conclusion that the analyzed tests optimize the learning process and objectify control, give students the opportunity of self-control and teachers the opportunity of varying ways to control and manage stu-dents’ independent learning activity.
«The Nordic Countries Nightingale»: about Henrietta Nissen-Saloman’s Vocal School
Authors: Kirnosova E. N. , Moiseeva V. A. , Samaniego Cecilia T. 
Published: August 2023

The relevance of the topic is due to the introduction into scientific circulation in the last decade of new research materials related to the creative personality of Henrietta Nissen-Saloman. Her «School of Singing», first published in 1880, has been republished. The famous Swedish singer, professor of the St. Petersburg Conservatory, G. Nissen-Saloman has trained about thirty outstanding performers, vocal teachers for nineteen years of her life in Russia.The purpose of this publication is to reveal the significance of the artistic and pedagogical activities of Nissen-Saloman for the formation and development of the national vocal school. The authors' tasks include presenting the main stages of her creative path, opera and concert repertoire, and characteristics of her work at the conservatory during the Russian period of her life.The principles on which the vocal-pedagogical system of G. Nissen-Saloman was based – consistency, gradu-alness and expediency in acquiring technical skills, the formation of musical-theoretical knowledge and a sense of style among pupils – were inherited by her students. Among them are N. A. Iretskaya, E. A. Lavrovskaya, V. M. Zarudnaya, who made a significant contribution to the continuation of the Nissen-Saloman’s traditions in the St. Petersburg and Moscow conservatories, on concert and opera stages.The historical distance, which allows us to objectively consider the leading provisions of the Nissen-Saloman methodology in the context of the experience of foreign masters (primarily M. Garcia), the pedagogical approaches of M. I. Glinka, A. E. Varlamov and other creators of the Russian national singing school, gives grounds for a high as-sessment of the effectiveness of her system. Without a doubt, G. Nissen-Saloman is one of the cohort of the found-ers of the Russian vocal school and occupies an honorable place in it, and her «Singing School», created during the formation and heyday of the national vocal art, is of great practical importance for the training of modern young singers.
Gamification as a New Educational Technology in Modern Higher Education
Authors: Chebotareva I. N. , Chistilina D. O. , Liaskovets A. V. 
Published: August 2023

The relevance of the research is due to the need to improve the educational process in higher education. Edu-cational technologies should be aimed at increasing the motivation of students to acquire knowledge. The existing teaching methods are gradually losing their effectiveness due to changes in the moral, economic, and social compo-nents of the modern world. The trend of recent years is digitalization, affecting all spheres of society, so educational technologies must meet changing conditions.The purpose of the research is to identify the positive and negative features of gamification as an educational technique in modern higher education.The objectives of the research: to define the concept of "gamification" and to identify its differences from the concept of "game"; to consider the components of gamification as an educational technique; to identify the motiva-tional role of gaming technologies in the educational process; to consider possible ways to increase students' motiva-tion during educational activities; to analyze the shortcomings of the introduction of gaming technologies in the edu-cational process.Methodology. The methodological basis of the research is the method of dialectical scientific cognition; a sys-tematic approach to the problem under consideration, the historical method, the analytical method, etc. Results. In the course of the research, various approaches to the concept of "gamification" were identified and systematized. The authors identified the positive and negative features of the introduction of gaming technologies into the educational process, and also considered the motivational component of the modern student's education.Conclusion. Gaming technologies are rarely used in education, as many teachers underestimate their poten-tial. In addition, their introduction into the educational process requires the teacher to make efforts, including creative ones. Such technologies make it possible to involve more students in the educational process by increasing interest in something new and different from the classical teaching methods. Of course, the use of gaming technologies in the educational process has a number of disadvantages that can be offset by a successful combination of innovative and classical teaching methods.
The Work on Breathing and Sound Formation with Aspiring Singers
Authors: Shengelia S. V. , Moiseeva V. A. 
Published: August 2023

The relevance of this topic is that young teachers often do not pay due attention to the organization of singing breathing among students, and this leads to defects in sound formation. The article deals with issues related to the training of academic vocalists in the aspect of proper organization of breathing. Singing breathing is the basis of the entire performing process, not only the improvement of vocal and technical skills, but also the artistic result depend on it. The task set by the authors is to consider breathing as the basis of sound science and to reveal the features of working on it. Breathing, as the foundation of professional singing, is connected with other factors of sound formation: with their development and improvement, breathing is strengthened in parallel. The authors formulate the conditions for obtaining a high singing position: free position of the larynx and mouth, rounded and covered sound, soft attack of sound, close and bright sound.As a result, there is beauty and saturation of timbre, "flight" of the voice. In the course of classes, the raised tone, desire and aspiration of the singer to achieve the goal are important. Vocal training is a purely individual pro-cess, therefore, young teachers should be in close contact with students, controlling their first steps in mastering vo-cal technique: in the organization of breathing, the development of a high singing position, the removal of muscle clamps of the larynx, the control of sound science. The authors summarize the recommendations of outstanding vo-cal teachers of the past years, and also offer their own instructions and terms based on many years of personal vocal pedagogical and performing experience.
Neologisms of the COVID-19 Pandemic Period in the Modern British Press
Authors: Shatokhina O. A. 
Published: August 2023

This article analyzes the concept of "neologism", determines its linguistic and stylistic function, systematizes and analyzes the features of the use of neologisms of the COVID 19 pandemic period in well-known British periodi-cals on the example of specific articles. Since the media describe phenomena and events that are characteristic of a certain time, the greatest number of neologisms appears in the press. The analysis of neologisms in the framework of this study is based on the classification of L. V. Sheveleva, according to which neologisms are divided into three groups: neologisms proper, lexical neoplasms, semantic neologisms.The relevance of the topic of this study is due to the fact that new words appear in the language constantly, at all stages of its existence, especially during the period of social upheavals, the rapid pace of development of society, and the question of their systematization is of particular importance. The purpose of this study is to identify and ana-lyze new lexical units that emerged in modern English during the COVID-19 pandemic, and to establish their linguistic and stylistic function in the process of forming a new lexical layer of the English language.As a result of the study, the author came to the conclusion that most of the neologisms in the British press of the COVID-19 period are lexical neoplasms. Most of the lexemes that have been analyzed have a nominative func-tion. Only the phrases Corona Mutant and Corona Winter perform an expressive function, and the phrases Booster campaign and The beginning of the pandemic – the function of attracting attention.The methodological basis of this study was the method of semantic analysis, the method of continuous sam-pling, the method of linguistic description (interpretation and generalization of the analyzed material), comparative analysis, linguistic and statistical analysis.The systematized material proposed by the author of the article can be used in pedagogical and scientific activ-ities in the field of such branches of linguistics as neology, linguistic terminology, derivatology.
Effectiveness of a Web-Based Intervention for Preventing Substance Use in Young Adults in Taiwan: Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Chang Yen-Jung , Chen Jhong-Lin 
Published: August 2023

Background
Substance use has been one of the most alarming public health problems worldwide, particularly among younger generations.

Objective
This study evaluated the effectiveness of a web-based substance use prevention intervention targeted at adults aged 20-29 years.

Methods
The intervention materials comprised 5 sets of infographics and 1 animation, all of which focused on mixed themes: (1) the concept of substance use and its harmful effects on health; (2) misinformation regarding new psychoactive substances; (3) regulation of illicit drugs, particularly marijuana; (4) the brain disease model of addiction; (5) critical thinking skills that improve health literacy; and (6) decision-making and communication skills that help people refuse illegal drugs. The study assigned eligible participants into experimental and control groups on the basis of the parity of their participant numbers. These participants completed web-based baseline and follow-up questionnaires that assessed their knowledge, behavioral intention, self-efficacy, and life skills related to substance use prevention. Knowledge was assessed using 8 questions concerning understanding of substance use harms and the regulation of illicit drugs. Behavioral intention and self-efficacy were assessed using 5-point Likert-type scales. Participants’ ability to apply life skills to avoid substance use was assessed using 3 testing scenarios regarding substance use. The study used generalized estimating equations to examine the intervention’s effectiveness.

Results
A total of 1065 participants (539 control and 526 experimental) completed the intervention and questionnaires in 2019. The average ages of the experimental and control groups were 25.68 (SD 2.71) and 25.66 (SD 2.69) years, respectively. The study observed no significant differences in the demographic variables between the 2 groups. The results of the generalized estimating equation analyses indicated that the intervention significantly improved participants’ knowledge (P<.001), behavioral intention (P<.001), and self-efficacy (P<.001) but not their life skills (P=.61) related to substance use prevention. Participants in the experimental group responded to a satisfaction survey with positive feedback on the intervention.

Conclusions
The web-based intervention was effective in improving participants’ knowledge, behavioral intention, and self-efficacy concerning substance use prevention. The findings support continued efforts to use web-based interventions to prevent substance use among young adults.