bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Numerical simulation of Non-Lethal Kinetic Energy Projectile Impact on Human Torso Model
Authors: Lu Haitao , Qin Bin , Li Weibing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In order to analyse the dynamic response and damage characteristics of human tissues and organs under the non-lethal kinetic energy projectiles, a numerical simulation model of human torso is established based on the Chinese visual human (CVH) data sets. By the dummy established with CVH data sets, the calculation accuracy of movement of human torso impact by non-Lethal kinetic energy projectile of finite element model were validated, and the skin perforation performance were validated by animal test. The non-lethal kinetic energy projectile, which is rubber ball in diameter 8mm and 50 shores hardness, impact on human torso with different velocity were calculated, the dynamic responses of sternum, rib and lung were captured and analysed. The results shows that, if the projectile speed is near the probability perforation velocity, due to the hardness of projectile and structure of organs and ribs, the projectile will rebound no matter the skin is perforation or not, and the vulnerable organ lung may not be damaged. At the same time, the pressure of lungs without skin penetration were significantly higher than skin without penetration, the human damage risk under soft projectiles is greater than hard projectiles when skin with damage but without perforation.
Study on influence of missile-target intersection parameters on damaged steel plate of blast-fragmentation warhead
Authors: Chen Haojie , Yin Jianping , Li Xudong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In order to study the damage effect of blast-killing warhead on steel target at different falling velocities and falling angles, AUTODYN-3D software was used to numerically simulate the damage of blast-killing warhead on steel target at different falling velocitis and falling angles using SPH algorithm. The results show that the hole shape of the target plate is quadrilateral when the falling angle is 0°, the hole shape of the target plate is round when the falling angle is 90°, the hole shape of the target plate is circular and fan-shaped when the falling angle is 30° and 60°. At the same falling angle, the hole area of the target plate increases with the increase of falling velocities. At the same falling velocities, the hole area of the target plate increases first and then decreases with the increase of falling angle.
Application and Research of Automatic Ammunition Resupply and Replenishment System for Artillery: A Review
Authors: Meng Fanzhe , Guo Anxue , Qu Wubin , Huang Qiang , Zhang Yao , Zhang Zhenyi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Rapid ammunition resupply is important for artillery to enhance combat capability and guarantee combat effectiveness, and the application of automatic ammunition resupply system to artillery ammunition resupply equipment is a hot spot in the current research of logistics ammunition resupply. This paper summarizes the current situation of automatic ammunition resupply vehicle and ammunition self-loading technology of artillery combat vehicles, which has reference significance for understanding the development status of automatic ammunition resupply system of artillery weapons. The research trend of automatic ammunition resupply for artillery is reviewed. It is found that the application of robotic arm is a hot spot for the research of ammunition self-loading technology of artillery combat vehicles, which can be used for reference for the technical direction of automatic ammunition supply and replenishment system for artillery in the future.
Rapid Pressure Hemostatic Drug Delivery and Microsystem Design Based on Battlefield Trauma
Authors: Su Wenting , Sun Yi , Lv Sining , He Bo , Lou Wenzhong 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The battlefield rapid pressure hemostatic microsystem maximizes hemostasis efficiency. Battlefield wound has the characteristics of rapid blood loss and irregular surface, which needs to be treated in a very short time. The existing rapid hemostasis method has poor efficiency and no sterilization and disinfection effect. Therefore, we reported a wound pressure hemostatic microsystem based on gas generated by rapid chemical reaction. Before the device is used, the two chemicals in the device are isolated. During hemostasis, the flexible device is applied to the wound surface, and the two chemicals in the device are mixed and chemically reacted. And the large amount of gas generated by the reaction causes the balloon in the device to expand and exert lateral and longitudinal pressure on the surface of the wound, so that the wound quickly closed. At the same time, the drug storage unit in the device is under pressure to release the drug to the wound surface. In addition, the chemical reaction of the device has an endothermic effect, which can rapidly cool the wound surface. The lateral and longitudinal pressures of the flexible microsystem in the process of hemostasis were analyzed by numerical simulation. In the experiment, the maximum longitudinal pressure reached 270mmHg, meeting the requirements of surface wound hemostasis.
Study on the three-stage method to calculation scattering parameters of prefabricated fragments along the axis based on energy conservation
Authors: Wang H , ji L , Feng X L , Zhou M X , Teng D 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
To study the axial distribution rules of the initial velocity and direction angle of prefabricated fragments, first, the acceleration process of prefabricated fragments is divided into three stages:"detonation wave acceleration stage”,"metal medium interaction stage” and “detonation product acceleration stage”, to establish the three-stage detonation drive model based on energy conservation, the correction coefficients in the model were subsequently fitted using numerical simulations, finally, the test results are compared with the theoretical calculations of the model. The comparison results indicate: the axial distribution results of the prefabricated fragments initial velocity calculated by the three-stage detonation drive model fit well with the experimental results, and the error is within 100 m/s, and the axial distribution rules of the initial velocity showed a trend of the first increasing and then decreasing, the maximum value of the velocity all appeared at the ratio of the prefabricated fragment distance from the burst core to loading length was 0.7; the three-stage detonation drive model fit the results of axial distribution of the direction angle of prefabricated fragments accurately.
A Multi-machine Jamming Method for Side-lobe Cancellation
Authors: Huang Yi , Yu Jianyu , Su Ruolong , Li Chenzi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Adaptive side-lobe cancellation technology is an anti-jamming method commonly used in modern radars. In order to improve the jamming effect, it is necessary to study feasible jamming methods according to its characteristics. By analyzing the principle of adaptive side-lobe cancellation technology, this paper proposes a method that combines multi-directional jamming and correlated jamming. In order to verify the feasibility and advantages of this method, the simulation and analysis of the multi-machine interrupted-sampling cycle repeated jamming pattern signal against side-lobe cancellation system are carried out.
The improved thermal and mechanical properties of polyurea nanocomposites with SiC
Authors: Liu Q , Zhai H B , Xiao Y , Zhao J Q , Qiu X J , Mao B Y 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Polyurea as one kind of polymer is widely used in the field of protective under blast and impact loading. Polyurea matrix with nanofillers has superior mechanical properties than the pure polyurea. In this work, in order to develop polyurea with thermal stability and high mechanical properties, using Silicon carbide (SiC) as the nanofillers, polyurea nanocomposites with different content of SiC nanoparticles were prepared via in-situ polymerization method. The morphology and structure of SiC/polyurea nanocomposites were characterized by using SEM, XRD and FTIR. From the structure studies, the nanofillers of SiC had not altered the basic structure of polyurea. Thermal stability and mechanical properties were also studied by TGA and tensile testing machine, respectively. The results indicated that the incorporation of SiC nanoparticles (1.5 wt%) into polyurea could obviously improve thermal properties and mechanical properties in comparation with the pure polyurea. The enhancement of performance is relative to SiC nanoparticles reinforced polyurea matrix and high temperature properties of SiC. At higher content of SiC, the mechanical properties of SiC/polyurea nanocomposites tend to decrease. It can be inferred from the results that SiC/polyurea nanocomposites have the potential for using in protective structures.
Study on the relationship between the design parameters of bridge wire electric initiating devices and the electrothermal response curve
Authors: Zhang Jing Xin , Li Li Ming , Ci Fu Xin , Bai Bing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The parameter settings of the transient thermal response test conditions of bridge wire electric initiating devices are studied. The effects of bridge wire resistance parameters and charge pressure on the electrothermal response curve were explored. The results show that when the state of the bridge wire and the surrounding agents are basically the same, the electrothermal response curve can clearly reflect the difference in the resistance of the bridge wire. The larger the bridge wire resistance, the more sensitive the bridge wire to the electrical pulse, and the charging pressure parameters also have a significant impact on the electrothermal response curve. The smaller the charging pressure, the more sensitive the product electrothermal response. When the density of the agent is basically the same, the approximate response curve and parameter calculation results can be obtained.
Numerical Simulation of Shock Wave Damage to Medium-Range and Long-Range Targets
Authors: Wang J T , Hang G Y , Shen H M , Liu Z Y , Xue H J , Wang T , Yu W 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In order to accurately analyze the effect of a shock wave on a missile launch vehicle as a whole and on its components when the launch vehicle is at a medium or long distance from the detonation center, a simulation method based on the empirical algorithm and numerical analysis was carried out in this study. The method significantly reduced the computational cost while ensuring computational accuracy. Based on the simulation method, a finite element model for a typical missile launch vehicle was established that consisted of 2.5 million elements. Based on the structured arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian method and the fluid-structure coupling algorithm, it took the model only a few hours to simulate the second-level physical process. Next, a shock wave load model was built with a 2000 kg TNT equivalent detonation condition, and the degree of damage to the launch vehicle within 25–45 m from the detonation center was analyzed. The results showed that the joint action of the shock wave overpressure and the dynamic pressure was the main source of damage. Specifically, the missile launcher, the cab, and the fuel tank were the key vulnerable parts. The effective damage radius of the 2000 kg TNT equivalent detonation to the missile launch vehicle was 35 m.
A Study on Numerical Analysis of High-Temperature And Oxidation Damage of C/C Composites
Authors: jiaxing Li , hongying Xu , fanfan Zhang , hua Gao 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Due to coupling of oxidation damage and mechanical damage,failure mechanism of C/C composites is complex under high-temperature and oxidation environment.In this paper,establishment of cumulative damage analysis method is based on coupling of oxidation damage and mechanical damage.Based on this method,high-temperature and oxidation damage model of C/C composites is established: Initial damage criterion and degradation mode of stiffness in mechanical damage model are modified by oxidation state parameter;Diffusion coefficient of oxygen in oxidation damage model is modified by mechanical damage parameter.Through joint simulation of multiple physical fields of MATLAB and ABAQUS,oxidation damage and mechanical properties of C/C composites under high-temperature and oxidation environment are studied,which has a certain reference significance for structural failure prediction of C/C composites.
Numerical analysis of initial cloud of powder dynamic dispersion
Authors: Zongshu Mei , Peng Chen , Jianghai Liu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Numerical simulations were performed to investigate the explosion dispersion characteristics of powder materials with respect to the implicated velocity, and a fluid–solid coupling simulation model of the explosion dispersion process of the initial cloud was established. Explicit dynamics models of Finite-element method and smooth particle hydrodynamics for the detonation driving stage of central charge and the cloud isentropic expansion stages were developed, the pressure loads of the explosive-driven were generated using the user-defined function program, and computational fluid dynamics models for the isentropic expansion and free expansion stages of the initial cloud were developed. Additionally, the maximum expansion radius of the cloud in explosion dispersion tests and theoretical calculations were compared with the radius in the numerical simulation results to verify the accuracy of the simulation model. Analyses of the morphology, concentration, and turbulence field in the numerical simulation revealed that vortex stratification occurred in the “two wings” of the initial cloud in its development process and that a particle-free “hollow” area is subsequently formed. Analyses also revealed that the vortex stratification occurs earlier as the implicated velocity of powder material increases. Additionally, an increase in the implicated velocity can effectively weaken the concentration of cloud and make the distribution of cloud particles more uniform.
Influence of Micro Initiation Train parameters on critical detonation thickness of medium
Authors: Liu Lan , Liu Wei , Ken-xin Yu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this paper, copper azide of 2mm in diameter was exerted as the burster, and the study object was the micro initiation train of Cl20-based explosive that generated by flyer plate impacting the medium in the accelerating chamber. Results shows that: the thickness of critical burst increased with the thickness of flyer plate.Simulation calculation and experimental verification were conducted to study the parameter influence of flyer plate and accelerating chamber on the critical burst thickness of medium. which could serve as a reference for the design of MEMS products. The larger diamete of accelerating chamber was conducive to forming the stable detonation inside the explosive, and the critical burst thickness of the medium increased accordingly.The thickness of critical burst increased with the length of acceletating chamber.
Study on the cylinder test of aluminized explosives with different content of Al powder
Authors: Yuan Xiaoxia , Ma Hongliang , Zhang Lei , Li Fang 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
To investigate the effect of the content of Al powder on the acceleration ability of the aluminized explosives, a series of 25mm cylinder experiments was conducted, and the content of Al/LiF powder is 0%, 15%, 30%. The radial expansion velocities of the cylinder wall were measured through the Photonic Doppler Velocimetry (PDV) system. The cylinder experiments verify that Al powder could react with detonation products to release energy, which enhance the accelerating ability of explosives. By comparing the different content of Al powder of aluminized explosives, it is found that the accelerating ability of aluminized explosives is related to the content of Al powder, and the optimal content of Al powder is 15% in this experiment. By comparing the same content of Al/LiF powder, it is indicated that the reaction delay time of Al powder in RDX80/Al15 explosive does not exceed 2.8µs, and as RDX65/Al30, the reaction delay time is less than 3µs. Finally, through normalization method, the specific reaction delay time of Al powder are 0.147 and 0.203, with the content of Al powder 15% and 30%.
Regioselective introduction of 1,2,4-triazole into 1,2,3-triazole on N2-position with low sensitivity
Authors: Wang Xudong , Zeng Zhiwei , Huang Wei , Tang Yongxing , Liu Yuji 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Resolving the regioselectivity of N-position on nitrogen-rich heterocycles is an important task in the synthesis of high energy density materials (HEDMs). In this work we developed a simple two-step route to introduce 1,2,4-triazole into 4-nitro-1,2,3-triazole on N2-position, which shows excellent regioselectivity. The target compound 4-nitro-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)-1,2,3-triazole (3) was characterized by IR, multinuclear NMR, single crystal X-ray diffraction and DSC. Compound 3 exhibits a high thermal stability (T
m = 210 °C, T
d = 230 °C). It also shows good detonation performances (D
v = 7094 m s−1, P = 19.0 GPa) with low mechanical sensitivities (FS > 360 N, IS > 20 N). As a result, compound 3 has a potential as a novel insensitive explosive.
Effects of aluminum on combustion characteristic of HTPE propellants
Authors: Liang Bei , Zhang Ning , Liu Changyi , Xia Min , Zhang Weihai , Gao Xifei 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The surface morphology of four kinds of aluminum powders with different particle sizes was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the effects of four different particle sizes of aluminum powder on the combustion performance of HTPE propellant were studied by means of underwater acoustic emission method, differential sanning calorimetry and high-speed photography. The results show that the smaller the particle diameters of aluminum powder, the higher the burning rate pressure index of HTPE propellant, and its pressure index will increase from 0.26 to 0.48 in the pressure range of 5-11MPa. And as the particle size of aluminum powder decreases, the combustion activation energy shows a decreasing trend. When the pressure increases from 2MPa to 4MPa, as the particle size of the aluminum powder decreases, its specific surface area increases, the reaction activity becomes higher, and the aluminum powder combustion performance becomes more intense and sufficient, the maximum combustion flame temperature of the propellant increased from 2375°C~2403°C to 2425 °C ~2482 °C, respectively, and the overall flame temperature fluctuation range was relatively small.
A PBX Modeling Powder Compressibility Evaluation Method Based on Energy Description
Authors: Yuan H W , Yan X L , Zhu X Y , Zhan C H , Tang W , Zhao L , Dong T B 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In view of the lack of comprehensive consideration of the pressing process in the existing Polymer Bonded Explosive (PBX) powder compressibility evaluation method, the re-analysis of the pressing process is firstly carried out, and the loading and unloading section in the pressing process should be simultaneously considered during the PBX modeling powder compressibility evaluation. Based on this idea, a specific energy method for rapidly evaluating the compressibility of PBX modeling powder is proposed through energy description. This method comprehensively considers the pressing and unloading process, and the compressibility factor can be obtained only by simple integration. Using the experimental data of four typical PBX modeling powders under the same process conditions, the correlation coefficient between the compressibility coefficient and the compaction density reached 0.993, which verified the correctness of the prediction of the density of compaction by the specific energy method.
Research on aluminum agglomeration characteristics of Al/NEPE propellant
Authors: Chengyin Tu , Xiong Chen , Yuqian Zhuang , Fan Chen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Adding aluminum particles to solid propellants is used to improve the energy density of the propellant and the specific impulse of the engine. However, the aluminum particles will agglomerate to form large-sized condensed combustion products, which can cause nozzle erosion and two-phase flow loss. Therefore, it is necessary to study the aluminum agglomeration characteristics of solid propellants. In this paper, the combustion process of the Al/NEPE propellant was recorded by a high speed camera and a fiber optic spectrometer, and the condensed combustion products of the propellant were collected. The microstructure of the condensed combustion products was analyzed by a scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive (SEM-EDS). These results show that the agglomeration process of aluminum particles may go through three stages: accumulation, aggregation and agglomeration. The condensed combustion products are mainly divided into aluminum agglomerates and smoke oxide particles. Generally, the size of agglomerates exceeds 50 μm, while the size of smoke oxide particles is less than 1 μm.
Effect of current intensity on properties of the carbon fiber fabric and composites
Authors: Wang Z Y , Chen G , Wang Q F , Yu Q Q , Qi F J , Kong G Q 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The carbon fiber fabric was electrified at the current intensities of 4 A for 1 h, 8 A for1 h, 16 A for 1 h and 16 A for 2 h, and then the carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composite laminates (CF/EP) were prepared. The effects of different current intensities on the surface temperature of the carbon fiber fabric, the micro morphology of the carbon fiber, the mechanical properties of CF/EP composites and the fracture morphology of the tensile specimens were studied. The significance of the effect of current intensities on the mechanical properties of CF/EP was investigated by means of quantitative statistical analysis. The results show that the maximum surface temperature of the carbon fiber fabric during heating is 115 °C ~125 °C; At significance level α= 0.01, the mechanical properties of CF/EP composites were not significantly affected by different current intensities; The surface micro morphology of the carbon fiber fabric treated with current intensity of 4 A for 1 h, 8 A for 1 h and 16 A for 1 h was not significantly different from that of untreated. After current intensity of 16 A for 2 h, the surface grooves were deepened and the surface granular protrusions were increased; No obvious difference was observed in the fracture morphology of samples with different current intensity. The results show that in the self heating process of carbon fiber composites, when the current intensity of single-layer carbon fiber fabric is less than 16 A and 2 h, it will have no significant impact on the properties of the composites.
Effect of heat treatment process on microstructure and properties of depleted uranium No.2 alloy
Authors: Zhifei Yan , Ping Gao , Xinmin He , Xiaodong Bai 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
By controlling the heat treatment temperature, the influence of aging process on the microstructure and mechanical properties of depleted uranium No.2 alloy was studied, and the dynamic properties of No.2 alloy were analyzed by Hobkinson device, and the stress-strain relationship was tested. The results show that, after solution treatment at 850 °C × 2h and aging treatment at 350 °C × 4h, the microstructure of No.2 alloy is mainly U(γ) phase and U (α /), and the dynamic yield strength of the alloy reaches the peak, which can reach 1580MPa, which is more than 40% higher than the quasi-static yield strength and has a strong strain rate hardening effect.