bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A systematic review of current national hospital-based stroke registries monitoring access to evidence-based care and patient outcomes
Authors: Leigh Chloe , Gill Jodie , Razak Zainab , Shreyan Shirsho , Cadilhac Dominique A , Kim Joosup , Lannin Natasha A , Dennis Martin , Kapral Moira , Pandian Jeyaraj , Hardianto Yudi , Lin Beilei , Meretoja Atte , Aziz Noor Azah Abd , Schwamm Lee , Norrving Bo , Thapa Lekhjung , Dozier Marshall , Kelavkar Shyam , Mead Gillian 
Published: January 2025

Background: National stroke clinical quality registries/audits support improvements in stroke care. In a 2016 systematic review, 28 registries were identified. Since 2016 there have been important advances in stroke care, including the development of thrombectomy services. Therefore, we sought to understand whether registries have evolved with these advances in care. The aim of this systematic review was to identify current, hospital-based national stroke registries/audits and describe variables (processes, outcome), methods, funding and governance). Methods: We searched four databases (21st May 2015 to 1st February 2024), grey literature and stroke organisations’ websites. Initially two reviewers screened each citation; when agreement was satisfactory, one of four reviewers screened each citation. The same process was applied to full texts. If there were no new publications from registries identified in the original 2016 review, we contacted the registry leads. We extracted data using predefined categories on country (including income level), clinical/process variables, methods, funding and governance. Results: We found 37 registries from 31 countries (28 high income, four upper-middle income, five lower-middle income) of which 16 had been identified in 2016 and 21 were new. Twenty-two of the same variables were collected by >50% of registries/audits (mostly acute care, including thrombectomy, and secondary prevention), compared with only four variables in 2016. Descriptions of funding, management, methods of consent and data privacy, follow-up, feedback to hospitals, linkage to other datasets and alignment of variables with guidelines were variably reported. Reasons for apparent termination of some registries was unclear. Conclusions: The total number of stroke registries has increased since 2016, and the number of variables collected has increased, reflecting advances in stroke care. However, some registries appeared to have ceased; the reasons are unclear.
A graph neural network approach for hierarchical mapping of breast cancer protein communities
Authors: Zhang Xiao , Liu Qian 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Comprehensively mapping the hierarchical structure of breast cancer protein communities and identifying potential biomarkers from them is a promising way for breast cancer research. Existing approaches are subjective and fail to take information from protein sequences into consideration. Deep learning can automatically learn features from protein sequences and protein–protein interactions for hierarchical clustering.

Results
Using a large amount of publicly available proteomics data, we created a hierarchical tree for breast cancer protein communities using a novel hierarchical graph neural network, with the supervision of gene ontology terms and assistance of a pre-trained deep contextual language model. Then, a group-lasso algorithm was applied to identify protein communities that are under both mutation burden and survival burden, undergo significant alterations when targeted by specific drug molecules, and show cancer-dependent perturbations. The resulting hierarchical map of protein communities shows how gene-level mutations and survival information converge on protein communities at different scales. Internal validity of the model was established through the convergence on BRCA2 as a breast cancer hotspot. Further overlaps with breast cancer cell dependencies revealed SUPT6H and RAD21, along with their respective protein systems, HOST:37 and HOST:861, as potential biomarkers. Using gene-level perturbation data of the HOST:37 and HOST:861 gene sets, three FDA-approved drugs with high therapeutic value were selected as potential treatments to be further evaluated. These drugs include mercaptopurine, pioglitazone, and colchicine.

Conclusion
The proposed graph neural network approach to analyzing breast cancer protein communities in a hierarchical structure provides a novel perspective on breast cancer prognosis and treatment. By targeting entire gene sets, we were able to evaluate the prognostic and therapeutic value of genes (or gene sets) at different levels, from gene-level to system-level biology. Cancer-specific gene dependencies provide additional context for pinpointing cancer-related systems and drug-induced alterations can highlight potential therapeutic targets. These identified protein communities, in conjunction with other protein communities under strong mutation and survival burdens, can potentially be used as clinical biomarkers for breast cancer.
Machine learning models for dementia screening to classify brain amyloid positivity on positron emission tomography using blood markers and demographic characteristics: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Kimura Noriyuki , Sasaki Kotaro , Masuda Teruaki , Ataka Takuya , Matsumoto Mariko , Kitamura Mika , Nakamura Yosuke , Matsubara Etsuro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Intracerebral amyloid β (Aβ) accumulation is considered the initial observable event in the pathological process of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Efficient screening for amyloid pathology is critical for identifying patients for early treatment. This study developed machine learning models to classify positron emission tomography (PET) Aβ-positivity in participants with preclinical and prodromal AD using data accessible to primary care physicians.

Methods
This retrospective observational study assessed the classification performance of combinations of demographic characteristics, routine blood test results, and cognitive test scores to classify PET Aβ-positivity using machine learning. Participants with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or normal cognitive function who visited Oita University Hospital or had participated in the USUKI study and met the study eligibility criteria were included. The primary endpoint was assessment of the classification performance of the presence or absence of intracerebral Aβ accumulation using five machine learning models (i.e., five combinations of variables), each constructed with three classification algorithms, resulting in a total of 15 patterns. L2-regularized logistic regression, and kernel Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Elastic Net algorithms were used to construct the classification models using 34 pre-selected variables (12 demographic characteristics, 11 blood test results, 11 cognitive test results).

Results
Data from 262 records (260 unique participants) were analyzed. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) participant age was 73.8 (7.8) years. Using L2-regularized logistic regression, the mean receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) (SD) in Model 0 (basic demographic characteristics) was 0.67 (0.01). Classification performance was similar in Model 1 (basic demographic characteristics and Mini Mental State Examination [MMSE] subscores) and Model 2 (demographic characteristics and blood test results) with a cross-validated mean ROC AUC (SD) of 0.70 (0.01) for both. Model 3 (demographic characteristics, blood test results, MMSE subscores) and Model 4 (Model 3 and ApoE4 phenotype) showed improved performance with a mean ROC AUC (SD) of 0.73 (0.01) and 0.76 (0.01), respectively. In models using blood test results, thyroid-stimulating hormone and mean corpuscular volume tended to be the largest contributors to classification. Classification performances were similar using the SVM and Elastic Net algorithms.

Conclusions
The machine learning models used in this study were useful for classifying PET Aβ-positivity using data from routine physician visits.

Trial registration
UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000051776, registered on 31/08/2023).
Seismicity of a relic slab: space–time cluster analysis in the Vrancea Seismic Zone
Authors: Petrescu Laura , Enescu Bogdan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Vrancea Seismic Zone (VSZ) is an atypical intermediate-depth earthquake nest located in the South-East Carpathians in Romania, often regarded as a relic slab sinking into the mantle. The origin of the slab and the earthquakes it produces are debated because brittle failure is unlikely to occur at mantle depths. Cluster types and statistical properties of seismicity can vary with deformation regime, fluid content and temperature. Here we investigate the spatial–temporal properties of earthquakes recorded in the VSZ from a high-quality local catalogue, identify and classify earthquake clusters, placing constraints on the debated nature of the Vrancea slab, its coupling with the overlying crust, and its potential for triggering crustal earthquakes. We use the nearest-neighbour distance to estimate the correlation between pairs of earthquakes, considering the origin time, magnitude, b-value and fractal dimension of the observed seismicity with M

w
≥ 2.5 from the 1977–2023 period. With this approach, we find a small percentage of clustered seismicity (8%), suggesting that background seismicity dominates. We identified 12 conventional mainshock-dominated sequences and 17 swarms with relatively small (0.92) and large (1.73) b-values, respectively, that may reflect differences in stress or the presence of fluids in the crustal volume. The aftershock decays—p-values of 0.99 for the large-event clusters and 1.42 for the swarms—may reflect typical and, respectively, fast stress relaxations. Swarm clusters are predominantly localised within the crust, whereas conventional mainshock sequences lack foreshocks and prevail in the subcrustal domain, occasionally triggering aftershocks at shallower depths. This partitioning suggests higher heat flow and fluid-modulated seismicity in the crust, as opposed to brittle failure conditions, triggered by slab dynamics in the mantle, including abrupt stress release without preceding signals. The spread of aftershocks from subcrustal large mainshocks to shallower depths indicate a stress transfer process where the descending Vrancea slab influences seismic activity in the overlying crust.

Graphical Abstract
Anti-ribosomal P2: could it be a useful new criterion for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus?
Authors: Hemdan Menna N. , Khedr Tayseer , Goma Samar H. , Mohammed Fatma Mohammed Helbawi , Abdelrahman Maha S. I. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Systemic lupus erythematosus is a multisystem autoimmune disorder that displays numerous autoantibodies such as anti-nuclear, anti-Smith, anti-double-stranded DNA, and anti-ribosomal antibodies. Anti-ribosomal antibodies are detected in 15 to 40% of systemic lupus erythematosus patients. We aimed to study anti-ribosomal P2 to find its diagnostic utility and determine how it could be associated with different clinical manifestations.

Results
This observational case control study included 50 lupus patients and 35 healthy controls with a mean age of 32.92 ± 8.66 versus 35.43 ± 10.19 years, respectively. We observed that 10 cases out of 50 (20.0%) had positive anti-ribosomal P2 versus two healthy subjects (5.7%) (P = 0.111). The anti-ribosomal P2 biomarker had a sensitivity of 20.0% and a specificity of 94.3% for systemic lupus erythematosus detection. Neuropsychiatric manifestations were observed in 5 out of 10 cases with positive biomarker compared to 6 out of 40 cases with negative anti-ribosomal P2 antibody (P = 0.030).

Conclusion
The anti-ribosomal P2 antibody has high specificity and low sensitivity for systemic lupus erythematosus. It is closely linked to the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric lupus. Further studies are required to assess anti-ribosomal antibody subunits’ diagnostic and clinical value.
The association between recent stressful life events and brain structure: a UK Biobank longitudinal MRI study
Authors: See Cheryl R.Z. , Tan Annabel X. , Valmaggia Lucia R. , Kempton Matthew J. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Recent stressful life events (SLEs) are an established risk factor for a range of psychiatric disorders. Animal studies have shown evidence of gray matter (GM) reductions associated with stress, and previous work has found similar associations in humans. However longitudinal studies investigating the association between stress and changes in brain structure are limited.

Methods
The current study uses longitudinal data from the UK Biobank and comprises 4,543 participants with structural neuroimaging and recent SLE data (mean age = 61.5 years). We analyzed the association between recent SLEs and changes in brain structure, determined using the longitudinal FreeSurfer pipeline, focusing on total GM volume and five a priori brain regions: the hippocampus, amygdala, anterior cingulate cortex, orbitofrontal cortex, and insula. We also examined if depression and childhood adversity moderated the relationship between SLEs and brain structure.

Results
Individuals who had experienced recent SLEs exhibited a slower rate of hippocampal decrease over time compared to individuals who did not report any SLEs. Individuals with depression exhibited smaller GM volumes when exposed to recent SLEs. There was no effect of childhood adversity on the relationship between SLEs and brain structure.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest recent SLEs are not directly associated with an accelerated decline in brain volumes in a population sample of older adults, but instead may alter brain structure via affective disorder psychopathology. Further work is needed to investigate the effects of stress in younger populations who may be more vulnerable to stress-induced changes, and may yet pinpoint brain regions linked to stress-related disorders.
Precision and accuracy of the dynamic endocast method for measuring volume changes in XROMM studies
Authors: Kaczmarek Elska B. , Li Ellen Y. , Capano John G. , Falkingham Peter L. , Gatesy Stephen M. , Brainerd Elizabeth L. , Camp Ariel L. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT
The X-ray Reconstruction of Moving Morphology (XROMM) workflow enables precise and accurate measurement of the 3D skeletal kinematics underlying animal behaviors. The dynamic endocast method built upon that workflow to measure the rate of volume change within a bounded region of interest. We measured the precision and accuracy of the dynamic endocast method, using a fish oropharyngeal cavity as a case study. Despite overestimating instantaneous absolute volume, the endocast method was found to measure the rate of volume change with high accuracy. Importantly, it underestimated the rate of volume change, indicating that these measurements are conservative. We tested how variables such as alpha value and locator number impacted the accuracy of the endocast method. While the appropriate values for these variables are likely different for each application of the endocast method, we believe that our conclusion that the dynamic endocast method underestimates change in volume is generalizable.
Zoom lens design with fixed front and back focal planes for structured illumination microscopy
Authors: Siew Ronian 
Published: January 2025

It is shown how the concept of a mechanically compensated “zoom lens with fixed
distance between focal points” [introduced by Mikš et al. Opt. Lett.
37, 2187 (2012)OPLEDP0146-959210.1364/OL.37.002187] may
be applied to microscope systems for the purpose of varying the size
of projected digital patterns during structured illumination. A brief
tutorial is presented, describing an approach to design a basic “zoom
collimating lens,” which produces constant collimation of rays from a
DMD chip toward an infinity-corrected objective lens in the
illumination path of a microscope system. A full optical prescription
is listed in a table. Supplementary material is provided in the form
of an Ansys Zemax OpticStudio lens file, inclusive of the merit
function and variables.
construção da memória de espaços
Authors: Rodrigues Rejane Meireles Amaral 
Published: January 2025

O presente artigo tem por objetivo analisar como o conceito cidade aparece nas fotografias que foram escolhidas para serem as capas dos livros da Coleção Sesquicentenária. Essa Coleção é uma coletânea de 15 títulos de livros de memorialistas que escreveram, em tempos variados, sobre assuntos, espaços e pessoas diversificadas sobre a cidade de Montes Claros. Assim, propomos aqui os seguintes questionamentos: Como as fotografias das capas da coleção Sesquicentenária apresentam Montes Claros? E como essas imagens constroem memória de cidade? Como metodologia de análise, comparamos as capas da coleção com as capas originais das obras, para observar se elas eram parecidas, e se nas primeiras apareciam o conceito de cidade. Esse exercício nos proporcionou entender que, nessas imagens, temos uma memória de cidade progressista, uma vez que registram espaços da área central de Montes Claros, onde o comércio é e era ativo e onde estão localizadas as instituições “progressistas” da cidade.
O conflito armado no cinema peruano (1980-2000)
Authors: Souza Ana Daniela de 
Published: January 2025

O cinema peruano ressignifica o conflito armado (1980-2000) com discursos que expõem o passado de opressão contra camponeses por parte das Forças Armadas do Peru e de modo ambíguo ou antagônico são apresentadas as violências que se manifestam na insurgência da luta armada dos senderistas. Os filmes como narrativas dessas experiências se definem à urgência de confrontação dos traumas gerados pelo conflito interno e das violências contra indígenas historicamente vividas. Reconstituir a luta armada como resposta às opressões coloniais resulta na pretensão de passar pelo tempo histórico da colonização, rever os genocídios indígenas até se chegar aos assassinatos no conflito armado e ainda entender os precedentes desse passado violento no tempo presente. Por meio da análise fílmica pretendemos chegar ao conhecimento capaz de reacender o que não foi dito no passado e que nos coloca diante dos conflitos e crises do presente. Os dilemas postos pelas narrativas fílmicas, os aspectos determinados pela tensão que se arma entre a produção, o ambiente em que se realiza, o mundo simbólico, e a recepção, todos esses aspectos são significativos para o entendimento da política do cinema peruano em suas abordagens à guerra interna.
Ceresa cycles of bielliptic Picard curves
Authors: Laga Jef , Shnidman Ari 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We prove that the Chow class

κ
∞

⁢

(

C
t

)

\kappa_{\infty}(C_{t})

of the Ceresa cycle of the genus-three curve

C
t

:

y
3

=

x
4

+

2
⁢
t
⁢

x
2

+
1

C_{t}\colon y^{3}=x^{4}+2tx^{2}+1

is torsion if and only if

Q
t

=

(

t
2

−
1

3

,
t
)

Q_{t}=(\sqrt[3]{t^{2}-1},t)

is a torsion point on the elliptic curve

y
2

=

x
3

+
1

y^{2}=x^{3}+1

.
In particular, there are infinitely many plane quartic curves over ℂ with torsion Ceresa cycle.
Over

Q
̄

\overline{\mathbb{Q}}

, we show that the Beilinson–Bloch height of

κ
∞

⁢

(

C
t

)

\kappa_{\infty}(C_{t})

is proportional to the Néron–Tate height of

Q
t

Q_{t}

.
Thus the height of

κ
∞

⁢

(

C
t

)

\kappa_{\infty}(C_{t})

is nondegenerate and satisfies a Northcott property.
To prove all this, we show that the Chow motive that controls

κ
∞

⁢

(

C
t

)

\kappa_{\infty}(C_{t})

is isomorphic to

h
1

\mathfrak{h}^{1}

of an appropriate elliptic curve.
Crustal deformation estimation using InSAR, West of the Gulf of Suez, Egypt
Authors: Nabil Ahmed , El-Ashquer Mohamed , Saleh Mohamed , Mousa Ashraf , El-Fiky Gamal 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Egypt, for its location in the northeastern corner of Africa, is exposed to continuous tectonic activities. To the North, the subduction of the oceanic African plate under the Eurasian plate provides a seismic activity along the Hellenic and Cyprian arcs. To the East, Egypt is affected by the divergence between the African and Arabian plates along the Red Sea. The E-W fault trend is one of the three main fault trends in Egypt and it starts at the northern tip of the Gulf of Suez towards Cairo. Moreover, the government is planning to expand economically development along the Cairo-Suez Province. Most of the new housing and industrial cities are located between Cairo and Suez. To estimate of crustal deformation in the region, ∼140 Sentinel-1 SAR images were collected and distributed equally over 7 years (2015–2021). The PSI processing is applied to calculate a Line-of-sight velocity field. A GNSS station that exists in the area of study “SUEZ” as well as a close station “KATA” are analyzed using Bernese software V. 5 to validate InSAR results. The estimated horizontal velocities show the northwestern part of the study area is moving westward with 3–4 mm/yr while the southeastern zone is moving eastward with 2–4 mm/yr. The configuration of motion indicates a strike-slip motion along the local E-W fault. The velocity rate obtained from Bernese software for SUEZ station is 2 ± 0.35 mm/yr in the northeastern direction. Vertically, the northwestern part of the study area shows uplift rate of 2 mm/yr while the southeastern part along the coast of the Gulf of Suez subsides with 4–5 mm/yr. For GNSS, SUEZ station is shown to have an uplift rate of 1.55 ± 0.40 mm/yr. A remarkable agreement is noticed between the results of InSAR and GNSS for both horizontal and vertical components. Decision makers shall take such results into consideration while the large planning of investments in promising areas.