bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation of Fusarium damage in wheat using hyperspectral imaging: An independent component analysis approach
Authors: Nadimi Mohammad , Saccon Fernando AM , Elrewainy Ahmed , Parcey Dennis , Sherif Sherif S , Paliwal Jitendra 
Published: September 2023

With the continuously growing world population in the 21st century, the agri-food industry is in dire need of adopting rapid, eco-friendly, and reliable technologies to improve the quantity, quality, and safety of agri-food products to fulfill the world's future food needs. Hyperspectral imaging (HSI), a technique to glean a sample's spectral and spatial information, is an emerging non-destructive technique that can characterize the quality parameters of agri-food products such as Fusarium damage. Despite its vast potential, HSI systems suffer from enormous data sizes, requiring high computational time and power. One potential solution to overcome the aforementioned challenge is to reduce the data size by removing redundant information. However, detecting small optimum features from a large dataset is not trivial. To this end, an exploratory novel HSI data reduction and analysis technique was investigated and validated to identify Fusarium damage in wheat kernels. Wheat samples at three moisture contents (19, 27, and 35%, wet basis) and seven infection levels (ranging from 0 to 56 days after infection) were imaged at 256 equally spaced wavelengths from 820 to 1666 nm. Firstly, complete HSI data was utilized to successfully characterize sound and Fusarium-damaged wheat kernels using independent component analysis (ICA) algorithm. Then, a genetic algorithm optimization approach was used to reduce the data to ten wavelengths for ICA-based analysis. This data reduction approach reduced the computation time to approximately 1.31% of the original time taken for analyzing the full HSI data without compromising the performance of the system. This preliminary study suggests that such wavelength tailoring could reduce the complexity and price of the imaging hardware, e.g., the use of inexpensive non-tunable filters, and less expensive computational hardware, thereby enabling fast and affordable real-time exploration and sorting of grains. This study, while exploratory, fosters advancements in HSI data processing and identifies certain limitations that open new avenues for future research.
Evaluation of the Active Nursing Management on the Nonreactive Nonstress Test of Antenatal Mothers Above 32 Weeks of Gestation
Authors: Ngahneilam L. , Kaur Sukhjit , Das Karobi , Saha Pardip Kumar 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Nonstress test (NST) is a part of routine monitoring of pregnant women before delivery. It is the most common and significant test performed for assessing the well-being of the fetus by observing the fetal heart rate and its acceleration in response to fetal movement. Objective: To evaluate the active nursing management on the nonreactive NST of antenatal mothers above 32 weeks of gestation. Material and Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted at an obstetrics and gynecology OPD of a tertiary care teaching hospital in Chandigarh, India, for a period from October to December 2020. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institute Ethics Committee, PGIMER, Chandigarh. The total sample for the study includes 60 antenatal mothers above 32 weeks of gestation, who were enrolled by enumeration sampling technique. The tools used for collecting the data were as follows: (1) interview schedule that comprised of (a) sociodemographic profile and (b) obstetric profile, and (2) NST graph and pro forma to record the result of NST. The NST was performed in the left lateral position for 20 min and extended to 40 min if desired results were not obtained. Antenatal mothers with nonreactive NST were given active nursing management, such as having breakfast/juice and ambulation/walking around. Again, a half-hour later, NST was repeated. A Philips Avalon FM 30 fetal monitor was used to record all the NST tracings. The results obtained were evaluated by the same obstetrician and gynecologist. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20. Result: Findings revealed that the majority (85%) of the antenatal mothers had a reactive NST, whereas 10% of antenatal mothers had a nonreactive NST. Out of the 6 (10%) antenatal mothers who were nonreactive, five antenatal mothers were changed into reactive NST after the active nursing management, i.e., maternal ambulation, having breakfast/juice for hydration after half-hour elapsed, whereas one antenatal mother who remained nonreactive NST was referred to a clean labor room after an abnormal ultrasound biophysical profile result by the obstetrician and gynecologist for induction of labor. Conclusion: It is concluded that NST is a significant test to prevent stillbirth. Active nursing management, such as maternal ambulation, well-fed, and well hydration, of the antenatal mothers can change the nonreactive NST to a reactive NST result.
Core Temperature Within First Seven Days After Birth, of Hemodynamically Stable Preterm Neonates Born Before 34 Weeks of Gestation: A Prospective Study
Authors: Kumari Nisha , Kaur Sukhwinder , Saini Shiv Sajan 
Published: September 2023

Background Prematurity contributes to neonatal mortality and morbidity. There are many complications that can contribute to preterm morbidity and mortality. One of the complications is an alteration in temperature. Objective To assess the core temperature within the first seven days after birth, of hemodynamically stable preterm neonates born before 34 weeks of gestation. Methodology A total of 120 neonates were enrolled by using the total enumeration technique from the various neonatal units of PGIMER, Chandigarh. Permission from Institutes Ethic Committee was obtained, and consent was taken from parents of preterm neonates. The tools used for data collection were: (a) Interview schedule—it comprised of sociodemographic profile. (b) Temperature monitoring sheet. Protocol for recording core temperature was developed and validated by experts in nursing and pediatrics. Demographic profile of neonates was collected. Core temperature was recorded as per protocol in three shifts, i.e., morning, evening, and night time, by using a digital thermometer for the first seven days after birth. Temperature recording sheet was used to record the core temperature. Results Out of the total 120 hospitalized preterm neonates, 55.8% of the study participants were females, and the mean gestational age of the study participants was 31.5 ± 1.79 weeks. The mean values of core temperature of hemodynamically stable preterm neonates recorded in the morning, evening, and night of day 1 and day 2 were less than 36.5°C. From day 3 to day 7, the mean value of core temperature in morning, evening, and night was more than 36.5°C. Conclusion The study findings suggest that the core temperature, when monitored for first seven days after birth in hemodynamically stable preterm neonates, was low for the first two days, but normal for the next five days.
Community Preparedness Towards Home Care of COVID-19 Patient: A Cross Sectional Study
Authors: Kavita  , Thakur J. S. , Saini Sushma , Pebma Monika , Das Karobi , Narang Tarun 
Published: September 2023

Background Adequate knowledge and favourable attitude are paramount for management of COVID-19 patients at home. Objectives To assess the knowledge and attitude of community participants towards home care of COVID-19 patients. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional online survey was undertaken. Snowball sampling technique was used to enrol the individuals aged 18 years and above. An online questionnaire was developed on Google Forms and its link was circulated at various social media platforms. Data was collected from 352 individuals. Results A total of 352 participants took part in the survey. The average knowledge score of the participants was 16.2 (SD = 1.9, range 10–20). Nearly two-thirds (63.9%) of the participants had more accurate knowledge and 60.8% of the participants had more positive attitude towards home care of COVID-19 patients. Conclusion The study highlights the importance of more intensive, tailored education programmes to enhance knowledge and develop more favourable attitude towards home care of COVID-19 patients.
Assessment of the Posture of Adults at Their Workplace
Authors: Sharma Anjana , Kalia Raman 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: “Body mechanics” is a term used to describe the ways we move and go about in our lives. It includes how we hold our body while sitting, standing, lifting, bending, carrying, or moving. Poor body mechanics can often lead to poor body posture, back pain, and related discomfort. Workers in industries and offices are exposed to various types of risk factors such as lifting heavy items, bending, reaching overhead, pushing and pulling heavy loads, working in awkward body postures, and performing the same or similar tasks repetitively, causing morbidity. Taking care of the back is a lifelong project, and use of proper body mechanics is an effective way to maintain health and fitness of the back. Objective: To assess the posture of adults at their workplace with an aim to develop a health education package on body mechanics. Methodology: Non-experimental descriptive design was used for the study. The study was conducted among 50 subjects from various organizations at Kurali, Punjab. Sociodemographic data sheet and an observation checklist were used to observe the body mechanics practices of the subjects. Results: The findings of the study revealed that 27 (54%) subjects had good body mechanics practices, 17 (34%) had average practices, whereas 6 (12%) had poor body mechanics practices. Conclusion: Only half of the workers were practicing good body mechanics; hence, there is a need to educate the workers regarding good practices.
Validity of the Center-Center Method for the Syndesmotic Fixation Axis Compared to the Transsyndesmotic Axis
Authors: Nakajima Hirofumi , Yamaguchi Satoshi , Kimura Seiji , Mikami Yukio , Watanabe Shotaro , Toguchi Kaoru , Ito Ryu , Sakamoto Takuya , Sasho Takahisa , Ohtori Seiji 
Published: September 2023

Background: Placement of clamp forceps along the transsyndesmotic (TS) axis reduces the risk of iatrogenic syndesmotic malreduction during ankle fracture surgery with tibiofibular diastasis. This study aimed to measure the difference between the TS axis and the axis determined by an intraoperative fluoroscopic technique using the center-center (CC) method. We also compared the values obtained when the CC method was performed at different heights from the tibial plafond. Methods: We evaluated the computed tomography scans of 150 patients with normal syndesmosis. The CC method was simulated using digitally reconstructed radiographs. The TS and CC axes were projected onto an axial computed tomographic image linked to digitally reconstructed radiography. The angle between the two axes (interaxis angle) and the distance between the intersection of these axes and the medial tibial cortex (interaxis distance) were measured. The procedures were performed 0, 10, and 20 mm proximal to the tibial plafond, and the measurements were compared among the different heights using a 1-way repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results: The TS axis was found to be externally rotated to the CC axis, with an interaxis angle of 8.5 degrees (SD, 6.8 degrees). The interaxis angle increased from 1.9 degrees at a height of 0 mm to a greater angle at higher heights ( P < .001). The overall interaxis distance was 7.7 (SD, 6.3) mm, increasing from 2.0 mm at a height of 0 mm to a greater distance at higher heights ( P < .001). Conclusion: The TS axis was externally rotated relative to the CC axis, and the difference between the 2 axes was greater when the CC method was performed on the higher heights from the tibial plafond. To clamp the syndesmosis along the TS axis, the CC method should be applied close to the ankle joint. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
Relationship Between Anatomic Features of the Placenta, the Type of Abnormal Placental Cord Insertion and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Singleton Pregnancies: A Prospective Observational Study
Authors: Fakehi Maliheh , Hajari Parisa , Nobatiani Negin , Mazloomi Maryam , Hivechi Nafiseh , Kalati Mahnaz , Motamedi Nadia , Ghaemi Marjan 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the potential value of placental anatomic features and various types of normal and abnormal cord insertion types in predicting adverse maternal-fetal outcomes in singleton pregnancies. We also tried to assess the association between these outcomes and various types of placental cord insertion. Method: This prospective observational study was performed on singleton pregnancies. For each patient placental features including diameter, thickness, type of cord insertion, and the shortest distance between the cord insertion point and placental edge were recorded. The relationship between these factors and the development of multiple adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm labor, intrauterine fetal death (IUFD), and the rate of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions were evaluated and reported. Results: Overall 308 patients were enrolled in the study. Smoker mothers had significantly smaller placentas ( P-value = .008), and those with lower diameter placentas were more likely to suffer from IUFD ( P-value = .0001). Shorter placental cord insertion distances led to more episodes of preterm labor ( P-value = .057). Eccentric-type placental cord insertion was significantly associated with the development of preeclampsia ( P-value = .006). Discussion: Abnormalities in placental diameter and cord insertion can lead to significant maternal-fetal complications including preterm labor, IUFD, and preeclampsia.
Insights From the FDA’s MAUDE Database Regarding the Real-World Safety of Jetstream Atherectomy for Peripheral Arterial Disease
Authors: Min Adam , Alkhalifa Fahd , Ahrari Aida , Healy Gerard , Jaberi Arash , Tan Kong Teng , Mafeld Sebastian 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Rotational atherectomy has shown promise as an adjunctive therapy to percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) and stenting for the treatment of peripheral arterial disease (PAD). However, published data regarding the safety of these devices are limited. The Food and Drug Administration Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database collects reports of adverse event for medical devices. We present 3 years of MAUDE adverse events data for the Jetstream Atherectomy System (Boston Scientific) for the treatment of PAD. Materials and Methods: We searched MAUDE from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021. Duplicate reports and those with insufficient information were excluded, leaving a total of 500 reports for analysis. Adverse events were categorized as either patient complication, device malfunction, or both. Adverse events were classified using the Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiological Society of Europe’s (CIRSE) classification system for adverse events. Results: The most common patient complications were embolism (22; 4.4%), dissection (17; 3.4%), vessel perforation (12; 2.4%), and device fracture in the patient (6; 1.2%). The most common modes of device failure were entrapment of the device on the guidewire (134; 27%), loss of blade rotation (116; 23%), loss of aspiration (99; 20%), and mechanical damage (57; 11%). As per the CIRSE adverse events classification, most events had no post-procedural sequelae (475; 95%), followed by those requiring prolonged observation (14; 2.8%), and post-procedural therapy without long-term sequelae (10; 2.0%). One hundred six devices (21%) were returned for manufacturer analysis. Conclusion: We highlight important adverse events encountered in real-world practice with the Jetstream Atherectomy System. This analysis provides further understanding of the safety profile and modes of failure of Jetstream, and could help guide improvements in product design and manufacturer-user training. There is greater need for root-cause analysis that can aided by returning devices to the manufacturer. Clinical Impact We highlight important adverse events encountered in real-world practice with the Jetstream Atherectomy System. The MAUDE database is useful for capturing and characterizing modes of device failure/malfunction not typically described in conventional clinical studies. This may provide valuable information to help guide improvements in product design and manufacturer-user training. This information could also potentially be useful in helping establish manufacturer and product liability in the setting of medicolegal claims. We hope that by contributing to the growing understanding of the safety profile of the Jetstream Atherectomy System, our study may help physicians and patients come to more informed decisions regarding treatment options for PAD.
Neuroplastic Changes Associated With Hybrid Exercise-Cognitive Training in Stroke Survivors With Mild Cognitive Decline: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Yeh Ting-Ting , Chang Ku-Chou , Wang Jiun-Jie , Lin Wei-Che , Wu Ching-Yi 
Published: September 2023

Background Exercise and cognitive training have been shown to induce neuroplastic changes and modulate cognitive function following stroke. However, it remains unclear whether hybridized exercise-cognitive training facilitates cortical activity and further influences cognitive function after stroke. Objective The study aimed to investigate the effects of 2 hybridized exercise-cognitive trainings on neuroplastic changes and behavioral outcomes in stroke survivors with mild cognitive decline. Methods This study was a single-blind randomized controlled trial. Stroke survivors were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: (1) sequential exercise-cognitive training (SEQ), (2) dual-task exercise-cognitive training (DUAL), or (3) control group (CON). All groups underwent training 60 min per day, 3 days per week, for a total of 12 weeks. The primary outcome was the resting-state (RS) functional connectivity (FC) in functional magnetic resonance imaging. Secondary behavioral outcomes included cognitive and physical functions. Results After 12 weeks of training, patients in the SEQ group (n = 21) exhibited increased RS FC between the left occipital lobe and posterior cingulate gyrus with right parietal lobe, compared to the DUAL (n = 22) and CON (n = 20) groups. Additionally, patients in the DUAL group showed increased FC of the left temporal lobe. However, changes in behavioral outcome measures were non-significant among the 3 groups (all P’s > .05). Conclusions This study highlights the distinct neuroplastic mechanisms associated with 2 types of exercise-cognitive hybridized trainings. The pre-post functional magnetic resonance imaging measurements illustrated the time course of neural mechanisms for cognitive recovery in stroke survivors following different exercise-cognitive training approaches. Trial registration. NCT03230253.
How Well Do Studies of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Intervention and Knee Osteoarthritis Adhere to the Minimum Information for Studies Evaluating Biologics Guidelines? A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials
Authors: Abed Varag , Jacobs Cale , Skinner Matthew , Owens Mitchell , Keshishi Dro , Stone Austin V. 
Published: September 2023

Background: The Minimum Information for Studies Evaluating Biologics in Orthopaedics (MIBO) guidelines for mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) research, published in 2017, contain a suggested checklist for reporting items in manuscripts involving MSCs. Purpose: We sought to determine how well randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on MSC intervention for knee osteoarthritis (OA) adhered to the MIBO guidelines. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in the PubMed/MEDLINE and Web of Science databases. Inclusion criteria included English-only RCTs that assessed MSC intervention for knee OA published between 2018 and 2022. Metrics were extracted, including year of publication, study design, first author name, journal name, patient demographics, and MIBO checklist criteria. Results: In 27 RCTs analyzed, 1006 patients were included, with a weighted male percentage of 41.8% and weighted mean age of 60.5 ± 7.2 years. On average, 70.5% (range, 30.2%–90.6%) of the modified 53-point MIBO checklist elements were reported per article. Seven (25.9%) articles had adherence rates of 80% or more, 13 (48.1%) had rates between 60% and 79.9%, and 7 (25.9%) had rates of 59.9% or less. The MIBO “intervention” category had the greatest adherence (100%), while the other categories had more variability. Six (50.0%) categories had an adherence level of 80% or more, 3 (25.0%) had adherence levels of 60% to 79.9%, and 3 (25.0%) had an adherence level of 59.9% or less. Conclusion: The overall mean adherence to MIBO guidelines of RCTs on MSC intervention for knee OA was 70.5%. Authors should better integrate the MIBO guidelines into their methodology to improve transparency, reproducibility, and reporting.
Ultrasound and computed tomography findings of hepatic portal venous gas associated with acute appendicitis in a paediatric patient: A case report
Authors: Furuta Takashi , Fujiwara Mayu , Motonaga Takahiro , Matsufuji Hironori , Tateishi Hiroshi , Nakada Soichi , Kanagawa Tsutomu , Uchida Masashi 
Published: September 2023

Introduction: Hepatic portal venous gas is a rare and life-threatening condition characterised by the presence of gas in the portal vein. Hepatic portal venous gas is frequently associated with intestinal ischaemia and necrosis. We present the case of a paediatric patient with acute appendicitis with hepatic portal venous gas detected using ultrasonography. Case report: A 5-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital with a respiratory tract infection. The boy started vomiting on day 2 of hospitalisation. He did not complain of any symptoms due to developmental retardation. We performed bedside point-of-care ultrasound, which detected hepatic portal venous gas, although the appendix could not be detected due to an acoustic shadow associated with bowel gas. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography revealed perforated appendicitis and pneumatosis intestinalis associated with paralytic ileus. An emergency laparoscopic appendectomy was performed. He was discharged on day 25 of hospitalisation after antibiotic therapy. Discussion: The present case suggests that the mechanism of hepatic portal venous gas was paralytic ileus, which caused gas-forming bacterial proliferation. The gas produced by bacteria and/or the gas-forming bacteria entered the bowel wall, which caused pneumatosis intestinalis. The bubbles in the intestinal wall floated in the portal system and were detected as hepatic portal venous gas. Perforated appendicitis and paralytic ileus seemed to be caused by a delayed diagnosis of appendicitis. The point-of-care ultrasound examination was useful for detecting hepatic portal venous gas and for helping establish the diagnosis of appendicitis. Conclusion: Hepatic portal venous gas is a rare finding associated with appendicitis in children. In addition, point-of-care ultrasound is useful for detecting hepatic portal venous gas in paediatric patients.