bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mild Cognitive Impairement (MCI): Age-related decline or an early stage of dementia?
Authors: Dimcovic Nada 
Published: January 2023

Objective:One of the main tasks for a clinical psychologist, when faced with referrals for neuropsychological assessment, is to differentiate between cognitive decline due to old age and an early stage of dementia. Mild cognitive impairment, the most common initial diagnosis, is assumed to be a transitional phase through which some individuals evolve in the process of developing dementia.Identifying dementia at an early stage is of considerable importance, given the fact that new pharmacological therapies have been made more accessible.Background:The literature in the field is clearly growing. It is possible to identify population- based studies as opposed to studies based on clinical samples, as well as longitudinal as opposed to cross-sectional studies. The ‘clinical’ type studies investigate the most common forms of dementia, and provide a number of indicators that may help in clinical decision making. However, the clinician’s task remains to decide which ones, out of the numerous indicators, are those most relevant for decisions following assessment.Method:This paper reviews 50 patients assessed between 1999 and 2002. They were all diagnosed as mild cognitive impairment at the time of referral. The full neuropsychological assessment was performed approximately six months later, with a prediction given for each individual as part of the neuropsychological report. Their condition was checked again in May/June 2003. At the time of follow-up the sample was split into ‘stable’ and ‘deteriorated’. Their age, education, IQ status and test results were analysed by one-way ANOVA using the SPSS. Additional analyses helped to find the association between their test results and outcome as well as between prediction and outcome.Results:Significant differences between groups were found for IQ status, MMSE and MEAMS scores. Also, episodic memory (Story Recall and Rey Complex Figure (RCF) –Recall), letter fluency, two tests of visual-spatial/visual-constructional ability (RCF – Copy and Block Design) and one test of attention and executive function (Digits Backward) clearly differentiated ‘stable’ from ‘deteriorated’. Pearson’s chi-square revealed a significant association (p< .001) between prediction and outcome.Conclusions:It was possible to differentiate between those who would remain stable and those who would deteriorate at the time when they were diagnosed as mild cognitive impairment. Screening procedures (MMSE and MEAMS) had moderate prediction power, whereas the full assessment, relying on more than one set of indicators, allowed a higher level of accuracy.
Trainee clinical psychologists’ attitude towards adults over the age of 65 and their interest to work with older adults – pre-teaching, post-teaching and post-placement
Authors: Brodie Charlotte 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCare of the elderly will represent a significant proportion of the future practices of current trainee clinical psychologists and yet a reluctance to work with older people has been reported within the profession. Previous research has found that the two most powerful predictors of motivation to work with older adults were attitude toward psychotherapy for older adults and past professional experience in the field (Shmotkin, Nitza & Lomranz, 1992). Clinical psychology trainees’ attitudes towards older adults and intention to work in the area were measured prior to and after their main teaching block on older adults and then six months later, either after an older adult placement or non-older adult placement. For those trainees who had at least a ‘neutral’ experience on an older adult placement, attitudes were significantly more positive post-placement compared to baseline and to the end of the teaching block. In addition, these trainees were more interested, or possibly interested, in working with older adults at the end of placement than at baseline. The stability of attitudes in the non-older adult placement group supported the hypothesis that favourable experience on an older adult placement is important in positively influencing trainees’ attitudes towards this age group. The findings of this study were discussed in relation to previous research.
Long lives and learning: The impact of education on the psychological well-being of people in the third and fourth ages
Authors: Petford Bobbie 
Published: January 2023

This article reviews contemporary debate about the influence of ‘lifelong learning’ on quality of life for older people. It explores the positive impact of education on the psychological well-being of older people in the third age who are attending courses, and on those in the fourth age in terms of learning opportunities in residential care, and the training of care workers.‘Old age: the crown of life, our play’s last act!’Cicero.‘In youth we learn; in age we understand.’Marie von Ebner-Eschenbach.‘Old age ain’t no place for sissies.’Bette Davis.
A cost-benefit analysis of a CBT for Carers of People with Dementia group
Authors: Allen Chris 
Published: January 2023

Twenty-two of the most stressed (defined by hitting caseness and having high levels of contact with services) carers of people with dementia attended and completed one of three CBT for Carers groups (run over 12 weeks). They were assessed pre- and post-group on a range of clinical outcome measures, which indicated that after the group they were less stressed, felt more competent, their general health improved, their participation in activities increased, and their levels of anxiety and depression decreased. A cost-benefit analysis performed by public health indicated that this also translated into savings for the healthcare system, with acute care contacts reducing from 281 to 36 over the same time period, representing a saving of £11,855, and mental health contacts from 119 to 18, suggesting a potential saving of £35,451. Community care contacts increased by one. Total savings were £47,000 for a project costing £15,000.CBT for Carers of People with Dementia groups offer the opportunity of improving carers’ physical and mental health, and producing savings for the healthcare system.
Nature of behaviours that challenge in residents living in aged care homes: Implications for psychosocial interventions and service development
Authors: James Ian A. , Watson Roger , Whitaker Chris J. , Stokes Graham , Hart Cathryn , Moniz-Cook Esme 
Published: January 2023

Background/Aims: Competing theories exist regarding the causes and nature of behaviours that challenge (BC). The present study attempted to provide better insight into these behaviours and determine whether there were any underlying relationships for people living in care homes with and without dementia.Methods: Cross sectional data for 2185 residents living in 63 UK care homes using the Challenging Behaviour Scale were collected. The incidence (i.e. presence/absence) of 25 commonly reported behaviours that challenge staff were determined using dichotomous scoring. Cluster analysis and Mokken scaling were used to examine underlying relationships. Mokken is a method of analysing data to determine whether there is a ‘latent’ structure within a data set.Results: The prevalence of reported BC was 87.5 per cent. Cluster analysis revealed three main clusters: apathy, agitation with internal focus, agitation with active external focus. For seven of the 25 items a hierarchical model emerged, where behaviours at the bottom of the hierarchy tended to occur in the presence of those higher up. Behaviours at the bottom of the hierarchy (dangerous behaviour) were less frequently observed than the items at the top (lack of self-care, verbal aggression).Conclusion: Some common BC may occur in groups and themed clusters. This study has shown that a hierarchical structure of BC in residents may be present. The findings testify to the complexity in the aetiology and treatment of BC and hence the need for focused high intensity bio-psychosocial interventions to be targeted towards those with high levels of ‘unmet need’. Implications for future research and practice are discussed.
The ANGELA Project: Improving diagnosis and post-diagnostic support for younger people with dementia and their families/ supporters
Authors: Stamou Vasileios , La Fontaine Jenny , Oyebode Jan , Jones Bridget , Gage Heather , O:Malley Mary , Parkes Jacqueline , Carter Janet 
Published: January 2023

Objectives:Younger people with dementia face significant challenges in gaining access to age- and needs-appropriate support. In this paper, we tell the story so far, of the ANGELA Research Project, which seeks to develop guidance to improve the ‘dementia journey’ for younger people with dementia and their families/supporters.Design:Our story is one ofa research group aiming to conduct clinically relevant research to achieve positive changes for younger people with dementia. Our research journey will last 3 years and is now almost one year in. In this article, we aim to convey some of the decisions we have made to date, and what lies ahead for a successful implementation.Methods:So far, we have been forming as a research group and turning our initial ideas into plans that will work in the real world. Our methods for ensuring all elements of the project work well have involved internal and external aspects and processes. These have included involvement with and feedback from experts-by-experience and an advisory panel.Results:To date we have generated a protocol for all the key elements and have launched the Improving Support and Service Use Survey; a national survey gathering evidence from younger people with dementia and their supporters. In this article, we present how we aim to move forward to bring positive real-life changes to the lives of those affected by young onset dementia.Conclusions:There is a cautiously happy ending to this first phase, as we are now collecting data. However, the judgement of whether the Angela Project is a success overall will depend on whether it makes a difference at its conclusion to younger people with dementia and their supporters.
Review of the CAIT online training programme for dementia and the introduction of a new tool for assessing training in communication
Authors: James Ian Andrew , Safrova Michaela , Kamal Omar 
Published: January 2023

Communication and interaction training (CAIT) is a person-centred training programme developed during an intensive three year period of teaching, coaching and supervision of staff from a group of over thirty care homes in the North East of England. As part of CAIT, staff are helped to acquire greater ‘dementia care literacy’ which involves them developing the ability to articulate their existing skills in the delivery of effective care. The programme recognises that staff are already experts in the area, owing to their daily experiences of managing stress and distress. As such, the training builds on existing skills, although aiding and refining where necessary. CAIT is concerned with understanding the micro-skills of providing good dementia care and managing behaviours that challenge. The original programme was delivered using manuals (trainer and trainee booklets), but an online version was produced in 2021 and is now being rolled out nationally. This paper examines the use of the online version of CAIT delivered to ten staff working in ‘general’ hospitals in the Birmingham area. The article also describes the development, and use, of a new questionnaire based on a Northern Irish competency scale.The findings showed that CAIT was rated very highly in terms of relevance and overall quality. The training was judged to have been delivered very well. The new questionnaire was found to be promising as a measure of the quality of carer training. The scores of CAIT using the questionnaire revealed the programme to be comprehensible and understandable across a range of knowledge-based and skill-based questions.
Ageing well with dementia: Past legacies and future promise
Authors: Moniz-Cook Esme 
Published: January 2023

This paper draws on over three decades of applied dementia care research; and, since 1999, the international work of INTERDEM (early, timely and quality psychosocial INTERventions in DEMentiahttps://interdem.org).Key early work in development of the evidence-base for psychosocial intervention in dementia is followed by a summary of work in Hull, focusing on understanding and managing reported behavioural and mood change in people with dementia. The importance of context in delivering psychosocial interventions is discussed. Assessment approaches for psychosocial diagnostics within care homes and families are outlined. In family settings these have been useful in making decisions about levels of case management, when ongoing care coordination with access to skilled dementia support is a scarce resource.The debate at the FPOP annual conference 2022, can be symbolised by five ‘I’s: that is, Individualised interventions; Interdisciplinary work; Intersectional approaches to diversity; Intergenerational advances; and human Interaction. The power of our own professional collaborative Interactions with each other can, I suggest, encourage an abundance of:■thoughtful research;■rigorous evaluation of our work; and■dissemination in high quality peer reviewed multidisciplinary journals.This has good potential to inform future policies and practices and build on the legacy of past decades. Key psychologists who have inspired and /or encouraged my learnings and writing about applied dementia care research are acknowledged.
The big discussion – dementia, death and dying
Authors: Wood Catherine 
Published: January 2023

The topic of death and dying is rarely discussed within normal society, but discussions with people living with dementia almost never happen. This leaves family members and carers having to make decisions on behalf of those they care for without understanding the wishes of the person with dementia. If these discussions could happen early enough then the level of burden would decrease and the person dying with dementia would be more likely to have a dignified death.Death cafes are a unique way of holding conversations about death and dying. This style of approach encourages informal group discussions rather than individual discussions between a patient and a heath professional. My study considers whether this approach will improve the ability to have these conversations with people living with dementia.
PENINGKATAN PENGETAHUAN PETUGAS AHLI TEKNOLOGI LABORATORIUM MEDIS (ATLM) DAN PERAWAT DI LABORATORIUM DIAGNOS DENPASAR TERKAIT MANAJEMEN LABORATORIUM ISO 9001:2015
Authors: Cahyani Anak Agung Ayu Eka , Wahyudi Hendro , Sri Sanjiwani Anak Agung , Sintari Silvia Ni Nyoman , Candra Dharma I Dewa Gede 
Published: January 2023

Manajemen laboratorium merupakan usaha untuk mengelola laboratorium. Salah satu sistem manajemen mutu untuk menjamin mutu pengelolaannya yaitu menerapkan standar ISO 9001:2015. Laboratorium Klinik Diagnos Denpasar merupakan salah satu laboratorium tingkat madya terletak di pusat Kota Denpasar. Laboratorium Klinik Diagnos Denpasar baru dibuka sejak 10 Januari 2020 dan sedang menuju sertifikasi standar ISO 9001:2015. Kegiatan Pengabdian Masyarakat dilakukan bekerja sama dengan DPW PATELKI Bali sebagai narasumber penyuluhan bagi ATLM. Pemberian kuesioner dilakukan untuk mengukur pengetahuan ATLM tentang ISO 9001:2015. Hasil kuesioner ditabulasi menggunakan uji Paired Sample-T Test dengan hasil p value=0,00. Hasilnya ada peningkatan pengetahuan ATLM tentang manajemen laboratorium khususnya ISO 9001:2015 setelah diberikan penyuluhan. Dari hasil kegiatan diharapkan dapat meningkatkan pemahaman terkait manajemen laboratorium, utamanya standar ISO 9001:2015.
EDUKASI PENGENALAN DAMPAK NEGATIF ZAT PEWARNA BERBAHAYA PADA MAKANAN JAJANAN TERHADAP KESEHATAN DI SMA NEGERI 14 MAKASSAR
Authors: Rahmawati Rahmawati , Anita Anita , Widyanti Tuty 
Published: January 2023

Makanan jajanan di sekolah sangat berisiko mendapatkan cemaran biologis atau kimiawi yang mengganggu kesehatan. Salah satu bahan tambahan (aditif) makanan yang ditambahkan untuk tujuan memberikan warna pada makanan atau minuman agar mempunyai penampilan yang menarik yaitu zat pewarna sintetik. Zat pewarna sintetis yang banyak digunakan di masyarakat yaitu rhodamin B dan methanyl yellow. Dampak yang dapat ditimbulkan terutama zat pewarna sintetis tekstil yaitu ruam kulit, hidung meler, asma, kulit lebam dan shock. Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan serta mengubah perilaku, diperlukan intervensi edukasi. Oleh karena itu perlu pengenalan zat aditif dan macam-macamnya, serta yang berbahaya bagi kesehatan. Tim pelaksana PkM dari Politeknik Kesehatan Muhammadiyah Makassar berpartisipasi menyelenggarakan kegiatan edukasi di SMAN 14 Makassar untuk memberikan informasi dalam bentuk penyuluhan kepada siswa(i) dan guru tentang pengenalan zat pewarna berbahaya dan dampak negatif dari mengkonsumsi makanan jajanan di sekolah yang mengandung zat pewarna. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa secara umum kegiatan berjalan dengan baik dan lancer dibuktikan dengan presentasi siswa dapat menjawab post test dengan benar sebesar 85,11%.
Spiritual Perspectives and Well-Being among Stroke Patients in Rehabilitation Centres of Four Tertiary Care Hospitals of Pakistan
Authors: Suliman Muhammad , Sohail Muhammad , Yaseen Muhammad , Sultan Amir , . Adnan , G. Reed Pamela 
Published: January 2023

Spiritual wellness acknowledges our search for deeper meaning in life. Spirituality can make it easier to cope with the physical and cognitive consequences of a stroke, as well as with any other illness. Objective: To identify spiritual well-being and perspective of stroke patients and its association. Methods: A total of 420 stroke patients with Epi info sample size calculator were selected from the rehabilitation centres of the tertiary care hospitals of Peshawar, Abbottabad and Swat. Responses recorded through demographic section as well as reliable and validated Likert type quantitative tools in an analytical cross-sectional study. Results: Of the 420 participants, 164 (39%) were female. The Spiritual Index of Well-being Scale (SIWB) had a mean score of 40.83 out of a possible 60 and the Spiritual Perspective Scale (SPS) had a mean score of 49.06 out of a possible 60. Spiritual perspectives and well-being were reported to be statistically significant (p < 0.05) with each other and with several of the demographic indices on ANOVA and post hoc tests (Games-Howell). The Pearson association between spiritual perspectives and wellbeing (r) was likewise shown to be positively highly statistically significant (r = 0.530, p < 0.000). Conclusions: The findings of the research complement and justify Reed's theory's theoretical assertions. Spiritual Perspectives and practises serve as a buffer and contribute to the growth of Spiritual Well-being. The inclusion of spiritual health as a component of holistic health during medical interventions has implications.
O USO DO LASER DE ER: YAG NA CIRURGIA PARENDODÔNTICA – RELATO DE CASO
Authors: Barioni Elaine Dinardi , Oshiro Stephanie Tiemi Kian , Michelotto André Luiz , Akisue Eduardo , Saguchi André Hayato , Yamamoto Angela Toshie Araki 
Published: January 2023

Introdução: Na endodontia os lasers de alta potência têm sido utilizados principalmente na desinfecção do sistema de canais radiculares em cirurgia parendodôntica.Objetivo: apresentar um caso clínico de cirurgia parendodôntica utilizando o laser de Er: YAG e apresentar as suas vantagens e desvantagens neste emprego.Metodologia: Neste caso, o dente 22 foi diagnosticado com abcesso periapical crônico. Realizou-se a cirurgia de acesso e o preparo químico-cirúrgico com NaOCl 2,5% e endo-PTC, irrigação final com EDTA-T, alternando com NaOCl 2,5% na quantidade de 3mL cada vez, ativando com PUI por 30” e por fim, a medicação intracanal com Ultracal. Mesmo na ausência de exsudato, não houve o fechamento da fístula, ficando o ápice exposto ao meio bucal, havendo então a necessidade da realização da cirurgia parendodôntica. Sendo assim, realizou-se a incisão semi-lunar com laser Er: YAG (200mJ, 3.0W, 15Hz e distância da ponta ativa do laser para o tecido em torno de 4mm), e na apicectomia (100 mJ, 1.0W, 10Hz, distância da ponta ativa do laser para a região operatória em torno de 4mm). Resultado: No presente caso clínico o uso do laser Er:YAG trouxe o benefício de proporcionar uma cirurgia com menor sangramento, além do reparo tecidual em menor tempo que o usual, cicatrização da fístula e o paciente não relatou dor, rubor e infamação no pós-operatórioConclusão: O laser de Er: YAG possui vantagens por proporcionar uma cirurgia com pouco sangramento, vaporizar o tecido de granulação remanescente, auxiliar na redução microbiana, realizar o corte da dentina sem aerosóis e sem deslocar a guta-percha, tendo como desvantagem a necessidade de maior tempo para cortar a dentina e o custo do equipamento.
Drie thema’s in de bestuursrechtelijke rechtsbescherming onder de Lar
Authors: Drop J.Th. 
Published: January 2023

Drie thema’s in de bestuursrechtelijke rechtsbescherming onder de Lar
De rechtspraak van het Lar-Hof in de eerste jaren van toepassing van de Lar bracht ook een aantal knelpunten aan het licht. Zo was de in de Lar NA opgenomen eis dat het bezwaar of beroep tegen het niet tijdig nemen van een beschikking binnen zes weken na het verlopen van de beslistermijn moest worden ingediend lastig te hanteren, had een eenmaal ingesteld beroep niet van rechtswege ook betrekking op nadere besluitvorming en miste de Lar-rechter de bevoegdheid een beschikking ondanks vastgestelde gebreken in stand te laten.
MULHERZINHAS. PERSONALIDADE NO FEMININO
Authors: Machado Eduarda , Monteleone Francesco , Gonçalves Andreia , Fonseca Luís 
Published: January 2023

“Mulherzinhas” é uma obra clássica, publicada em 1868 por Louisa May Alcott. Apoiando-se numa matriz autobiográfica, a autora relata a(s) história(s) de quatro irmãs de Massachusetts que sobrevivem à pobreza e à Guerra Civil na transição da infância para a vida adulta, enriquecendo a narrativa com as questões e tarefas que emergem durante este período vital. Trata-se de um texto sobre a luta feminina pela igualdade, através do qual a autora se consolidou como uma das pioneiras na história do feminismo. Através de uma leitura psicológica deste trabalho literário, realizamos uma análise das personalidades das quatro personagens principais da obra e da sua relevância para a mensagem e ideais sustentados por Alcott.