bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Stability of Parker's Steady Solar Wind Solution in the Subcritical Region
Authors: Shivamoggi Bhimsen K. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Parker’s steady solar wind solution (PSSWS) is a physically acceptable solution describing a smooth acceleration of the solar wind to supersonic speeds. Parker proposed that PSSWS possesses an intrinsic stability, like a “stable attractor” of this dynamical system. With a view to give a systematic analytical development, we restrict ourselves to the subcritical region inside the Parker critical point (PCP) where the solar wind goes through sonic flow conditions. This enables one to avoid the singularity at PCP plaguing the linear stability problem. Following Parker, we approximate the corona in the subcritical region by a static atmosphere and amend it to include an azimuthal flow and a weak radial flow. These physical simplifications enable us to pose a Sturm–Liouville problem for linearized perturbations about PSSWS. PSSWS is shown to have an intrinsic stability in the subcritical region, while leaving the solar coronal base in a state of (1) rest, (2) corotation with the Sun, and (3) slow radial motion. This result is also shown to hold when a diabatic flow in near-isothermal conditions is included in Parker’s model to explicitly account for the extended coronal heating. The isothermal gas assumption in Parker’s model is then relaxed, and a more realistic barotropic fluid representing variable extended active coronal heating conditions is considered for the gas flow. The stability of PSSWS, as the solar wind flow emerges from a state of rest at the solar surface, is shown to continue to hold.
Solar-cycle and Latitude Variations in the Internetwork Magnetism
Authors: Trelles Arjona J. C. , Martínez González M. J. , Ruiz Cobo B. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The importance of the quiet-Sun magnetism is that it is always there to a greater or lesser extent, being a constant provider of energy, independently of the solar cycle phase. The open questions about the quiet-Sun magnetism include those related to its origin. Most people claim that the local dynamo action is the mechanism that causes it. This fact would imply that the quiet-Sun magnetism is nearly the same at any location over the solar surface and at any time. Many works claim that the quiet Sun does not have any variation at all, although a few of them raise doubt on this claim and find mild evidence of a cyclic variation in the the quiet-Sun magnetism. In this work, we detect clear variations in the internetwork magnetism both with latitude and solar cycle. In terms of latitude, we find an increase in the averaged magnetic fields toward the solar poles. We also find long-term variations in the averaged magnetic field at the disk center and solar poles, and both variations are almost anticorrelated. These findings do not support the idea that the local dynamo action is the unique factory of the quiet-Sun magnetism.
Evolution of pollen grain morphology in Amorimia W.R. Anderson and allies (Malpighiaceae)
Authors: Silva Carolina Prandi , Almeida Rafael Felipe , Gasparino Eduardo 
Published: February 2023

Background and aims: The genus Amorimia W.R. Anderson (Malpighiaceae), was recently segregated from species previously treated as the genus Mascagnia Bertero and then subdivides into two subgenera Amorimia subgenus Amorimia and Amorimia subgenus Uncinae, based on morphological and molecular data. Pollen grains have been used to improve the taxonomic classification of many ranks (i.e., species, genus, family) over the past two centuries. The pollen grains of the species of Amorimia were not previously analyzed. Therefore, we descibe in detail the pollen morphology of 13 (out of 15) species of Amorimia, 1 species of Mascagnia Bertero and 1 species of Ectopopterys W.R. Anderson and reconstruct the phylogeny framework to understand the patterns of micromorphological pollen evolution in the genus.
Material and Methods: The pollen grains were acetolysed, measured and photographed under light microscope. The quantitative data were submited to a multivariate analysis and were also made a character-mapping to identify which pollen characters are important in distinguishing species.
Key Results: The pollen grains of the analyzed species are monads, apolar, medium to large, with circular amb, oblate-spheroidal to prolate-spheroidal, presenting apertures that may be 3-colporate, with long and narrow colpi and circular endoaperture (Ectopopterys), 6- porate (Amorimia) or 8-porate (Mascagnia). Exine presenting a rugulate ornamentation which may or may not have areolate or psilate areas close to the pore or distributed by the surface of the pollen grain.
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, Amorimia is a stenopolinic genus and the characteristics of the pollen grains are importante to segregate the genus. Nonetheless, there characteristics do not corroborate with the subdivision of this genus.
A Phenome-Wide Association Study of Drugs and Comorbidities Associated With Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Systemic Sclerosis
Authors: Maclean Rory H. , Ahmed Fiza , Ong Voon H. , Murray Charles D. , Denton Christopher P. 
Published: February 2023

ObjectiveTo explore the causes of and contributors to gastrointestinal (GI) dysfunction in systemic sclerosis (SSc) in a phenome-wide association study (PheWAS), using real-world clinical records data.MethodsTwelve thousand five hundred thirty-five documented clinical assessments of 2058 consenting individuals with SSc at the Royal Free Hospital (UK) were available for detailed phenotyping. Diagnoses and drugs were mapped to structured dictionaries of terms (Disease Ontology project and DrugBank Open Data, respectively). A PheWAS model was used to explore links between 6 important SSc-GI domains (constipation, diarrhea, dysmotility, incontinence, gastroesophageal reflux, and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth [SIBO]) and exposure to various comorbidities and drugs. “Hits” from the PheWAS model were confirmed and explored in a subcohort reporting quantitative GI symptom scores from the University of California Los Angeles Scleroderma Clinical Trials Consortium Gastrointestinal Tract Instrument 2.0 (GIT 2.0) questionnaire.ResultsOne thousand five hundred forty-six individuals were entered into the PheWAS analysis. Six hundred seventy-three distinct diagnoses and 634 distinct drugs were identified in the dataset, as well as SSc-specific phenotypes such as antinuclear antibodies (ANA). PheWAS analysis revealed associations between drugs, diagnoses, and ANAs with 6 important SSc-GI outcomes: constipation, diarrhea, dysmotility, incontinence, reflux, and SIBO. Subsequently, using GIT 2.0 symptom scores links with SSc-GI were confirmed for 22 drugs, 4 diagnoses, and 3 ANAs.ConclusionUsing a hypothesis-free PheWAS approach, we replicated known, and revealed potential novel, risk factors for SSc-GI dysfunction, including drug classes such as opioid, antimuscarinic, and endothelin receptor antagonist, and ANA subgroup.
Engagements et processus de politisations au sein de la Convention citoyenne pour le climat
Authors: Blanc Nathalie , Granchamp Laurence 
Published: February 2023

Notre propos est d’éclairer l’engagement citoyen au cours de la Convention citoyenne pour le climat (France, 2019-2021). Cette assemblée instaure un cadre original d’action collective et invite à réfléchir à ses effets sur les « engagements », soit la propension des participant·es à adopter le sujet débattu comme cause d’investissement personnel. Dans un premier temps, nous étudions les « processus » d’engagement afin d’élargir la compréhension des formes et des discours de l’engagement, en associant les aspects personnels et intimes, à la participation aux débats en vue d’élaborer les mesures à transmettre au gouvernement. Dans un deuxième temps, l’article rend compte des politisations à l’œuvre, entre autres à travers deux exemples de mesures : l’éthique alimentaire et l’écocide, emblématiques de ce « débordement » qui relève, comme nous le montrons, d’une politisation. Dans un troisième temps, nous nous intéressons aux effets de la Convention sur les formes et les dynamiques d’engagement a posteriori . Le travail d’enquête, fondé sur des observations conduites notamment au sein du groupe Se nourrir et des entretiens réalisés après la Convention, s’ancre dans une perspective pragmatiste d’étude des mobilisations, accordant de l’importance aux situations d’engagement.
Une participation entre technique et politique . Typologie des mesures de la Convention citoyenne pour le climat
Authors: Tilikete Selma 
Published: February 2023

L’homogénéité formelle des six cents pages du rapport final de la Convention citoyenne pour le climat française (CCC) donne peu d’indices sur ce qu’a pu être le processus d’élaboration des propositions. Pourtant, différentes formes de répartition des rôles entre citoyen·nes et expert·es ont eu lieu pour répondre au mandat, donnant lieu à des mesures allant de la révision constitutionnelle à l’élaboration de seuils et au calendrier de rénovation énergétique des bâtiments. Cet article propose une typologie des mesures de la Convention, construite à partir de plusieurs critères : leur origine, le nombre et la motivation des porteuses et porteurs de la mesure, les types d’arguments utilisés, l’existence de désaccords et leur traitement, la fréquence et la nature de l’appui des expert·es. Grâce à ces critères, des mesures de cinq types ont été distinguées que nous avons choisi de nommer : génériques sectorielles, techniques, de sobriété, de régulation économique, et fondamentales. Si les procédures de la CCC ont été assez souples pour faire émerger cette diversité de réponses au problème climatique, toutes n’ont pas connu un terrain également favorable. Nous en discutons les enjeux politiques, en montrant comment chaque type coproduit à la fois une conception de l’environnement, et une conception de la participation des citoyen·nes tiré·es au sort aux décisions politiques pour répondre au défi climatique.
The smart supply chain: A conceptual cyclic framework
Authors: Perales Prieto Nuria , Martín-Peña María Luz 
Published: February 2023

Purpose: The objective of this work is to analyze the state of the art of the smart supply chain (SSC) research. Given the pace of current technological change, there is a need to analyze the new features of the SSC, related to digital technologies and the incorporation of services.Design/methodology/approach: A systematic review of the literature is addressed, analyzing the latest studies on the subject. This methodology allows proposing a conceptualization of the SSC and incorporate new elements of analysis.Findings: The results show that much of the innovation and instrumentalization of supply chains involves incorporating digital services to expand their functionalities, especially in terms of agility and connectivity. The servitization of supply chains is therefore a key new feature. Put in relation to other characteristics identified in the literature, a cycle of continuous improvement is proposed as a conceptual structure for the SSC.Originality/value: This study contributes to strengthening the theoretical foundations of SSCs and serves as a guide for researchers and practitioners.
The Role of Quizlet Learning Tool in Learners' Lexical Retention: A Quasi-Experimental Study
Authors: Nguyen Long Quoc , Le Ha Van 
Published: February 2023

The integration of technologies into education, especially language learning, has become more prevalent in this information age. One of the widely used tools for supporting second language (L2) vocabulary acquisition is Quizlet. Despite its increased popularity, empirical research on the effectiveness of Quizlet in enhancing L2 learners' lexical retention is still limited. Furthermore, most works primarily used conventional statistical methods such as t-tests or ANOVA, which might generate errors of Type I and II. This study aims to fill in these gaps by examining the impact of Quizlet on the lexical gains of EFL students at a private institution in Vietnam. Fifty-nine undergraduates participated in the study and were separated into two groups. The control group (n=28) did not utilize Quizlet during the in-class lessons, while the experimental group (n=31) revised vocabulary using Quizlet on a weekly basis. During four weeks, the experimental group reviewed thirty-two target words, divided into four sets (one set including eight items). Each set was utilized for one week in class under the supervision of the teacher. The data from the pretest and posttest were analyzed using Generalized Linear Mixed Model to generate more reliable statistics. The results demonstrated that learners in the experimental group achieved significantly better scores than those in the control group. Therefore, it could be concluded that Quizlet should be implemented in the classroom as a review or practice activity on a regular basis.
Teaching Effect Analysis of the ‘Prefabricated Concrete Structure’ Course Based on Building Information Modeling
Authors: Ma Haifeng , Zhao Ziqiang , Chang Jucai , Zhang Xiangyang , Yin Zhiqiang 
Published: February 2023

The prefabricated building course is a highly theoretical and practical specialized course with strong professionalism and extensive teaching contents. The teaching of prefabricated concrete structures is a significant link in prefabricated building construction and an important direction of cultivating talents applied to prefabricated building construction. Previous teaching features single teaching models, focuses on teaching materials, and highlights theoretical teaching, resulting in students’ low learning initiatives and poor practical ability. In order to improve the teaching effect and students' practical ability, Building Information Modeling (BIM) simulation technology was integrated into the teaching and practice of the prefabricated building courses. Then, the three-stage (guidance of real-scene cases, practical operation based on division of project work, and drawing cross-review) course teaching approach was proposed. With the construction of a prefabricated concrete structure in Hefei Metro of China as an example, students were asked to perform component modeling, assembly, and construction simulation via BIM. Results show that the teaching contents are completed, and the teaching effect is evidently strengthened. Students’ abilities to understand, analyze and practice actual engineering problems are evidently improved, and their problem-solving and practical ability in the aspect of prefabricated buildings is cultivated.
Abstract 113
Authors: Budhwar Vijay , Dutta Susmita , Mukhopadhyay Pradip , Ghosh Sujoy 
Published: February 2023

Background: Exact etiology forFibro Calculous Pancreatic Diabetes (FCPD) is not well understood, hypothesised to be a multifactorial, with role of both genetic and environmental components. Few genetic mutations have been postulated to be associated with FCPD in previous studies, serine protease inhibitor Kazal type 1 gene (SPINK1) being the most common. Association of Cationic trypsinogen (PRSS1), Anionic trypsinogen (PRSS2), Chymotrypsinogen C (CTRC), Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene mutations too have been observed, though the data is very scarce & conflicting. We are not aware of a single study which has comprehensively looked into various mutations together.

Objectives: To look for panel of known genetic mutations (SPINK, PRSS1, PRSS2, CTRC & CFTR) in FCPD patients

Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out from July 2021 to October 2022. Patients attending Endocrine OPD who fulfilled the Mohan et al criteria for FCPD were recruited for the study. DNA was isolated from whole blood using commercially available kits. Quantification and purity of the isolated DNA was determined in duplicate by measuring absorbance at 260 nm and 280 nm using a Bio Spectrometer. The allele-specific PCR and nested PCRwas performed followed by Agarose gel electrophoresis and Sanger sequencing method confirmed mutation positive sample.

Results: Overall 13/30 (43%) patients have been detected positive for known mutations. Maximum mutations were found in SPINK gene. While 8/30 (27%) patients were SPINK mutation positive, 4/30 (13%) patients were PRSS mutation positive and one patient was positive for CTRC mutation. No mutation was detected in CFTR gene in these 30 patients.
Among SPINK gene mutations, SPINK N34S mutation is the most common, detected in 6 (20%) patients. SPINK 1 IVS1-37T>C and SPINK1 P55S mutations were detected in 2 patients each & SPINK 1 IVS3+2T>C was detected 01 patient. Those two patients who were positive for SPINK1 P55S had SPINK N34S mutation as well. Similarly one out of the two patients positive for SPINK 1 IVS1-37T>C mutation, also had SPINK N34S mutation. Only patient who had SPINK 1 IVS3+2T>C mutation positivity, was also positive for SPINK N34 S & PRSS1N29I.
Among PRSS1 gene mutations, PRSS1N29I is the most common, detected in 04 patients. One patient has PRSS1 R122H mutation positivity; however, that patient was also positive for PRSS1N29I gene mutation. Only one patient was positive for CTRC gene in CTRC EXON 2-3. No mutation wasdetected in CTRC promoter region & other Exons.

Conclusion: In our study of 30 FCPD patients, 43% patients are associated with various known genetic mutations. SPINK mutations are most common (27%) with SPINK N34S being most common (20%). PRSS mutations are the second most common mutations, seen in 13% patients with PRSS1N29I being present in all such cases.
Abstract 119
Authors: Naushad Altaf Ali , Kalra Pramila 
Published: February 2023

Background: Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by infertility and the absence of puberty. In patients with CHH, the genetic profile is heterogeneous, and more than 40 genes are involved either alone or in combination with one another. Mutations in the FN3 (fibronectin-3) superfamily of genes encode proteins involved in GnRH neuron ontogeny. One such gene is the NDNF (neuron derived neurotropic factor) gene which has been established in mouse and zebrafish knockout models to manifest with altered GnRH migration and also in humans recently as CHH with anosmia or hyposmia.

Case Report: A male child aged seven years and three months, born of second-degree consanguinity, presented with complaints of small sized penis and bilateral undescended testes since birth. There was no significant antenatal history nor any history suggestive of salt wasting, virilization or failure to thrive in infancy. At nine months of age, he underwent diagnostic laparoscopy & bilateral orchidopexy. Child had normal developmental milestones and was cheerful and attentive in class.
The child on examination had facial dysmorphism with triangular facies and prominent ears, normal vital signs and no midline defects. Anthropometry was essentially normal and SMR was notable for micropenis, 1cc right inguinoscrotal testis and non-palpable left testis with hypoplastic scrotum and an EMS of 6.5. He also had synkinesia with normosmia. Rest of the systemic examination was normal. Clinical diagnosis of congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism was considered. Review of prior investigations showed low gonadotropins recorded at mini-puberty, XY karyotype and an hCG stimulation test with non-stimulable testosterone (59.6 ng/dL). Prior USG showed right inguinal canal and left intra-abdominal testes with normal adrenals. The thyroid, GH and cortisol axes tested normal. Genetic analysis with whole exome sequencing showed heterozygous pathogenic mutation of exon 4 of NDNF gene.

Conclusion: This case highlights thephenotypeofanovelmutation involving the NDNF gene that has been recently implicated in CHH in humans. This patient had clinical and biochemical features of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism with normosmia and synkinesia, along with facial dysmorphism. This phenotypic combination has not been described previously with this gene mutation.
Abstract 182
Authors: Sumana Ediga Kornapalli , Nevin S , Srujana T , Kumar Ega Lakshman , Kalam Sumayya Abdul , Reddy C Sindhuja , Lekshmi S , Kiran Bangaru Sai , Neelaveni K , Sahay Rakesh Kumar 
Published: February 2023

Background: Lipodystrophy constitutes a spectrum of diseases characterized by generalized or partial absence of adipose tissue. Underscoring the role of healthy fat in maintenance of metabolic homeostasis, fat deficiency in lipodystrophy typically leads to metabolic disturbances including insulin resistance, hypertriglyceridemia and ectopic fat accumulation. While rare recent genetic studies indicate that lipodystrophy is more prevalent than has been previously thought, suggesting underdiagnosis in clinical practice.

Aims and Objectives: The present case series highlights the spectrum of lipodystrophy syndromes, clinical profile and complications.

Case Details

On evaluation of C1 & C2 a clinical diagnosis of Familial Partial lipodystrophy was made. Investigations revealed Prediabetes and Hypertriglyceridemia.
C3 & C4 were clinically diagnosed as Congenital Generalized Lipodystrophy. Investigations revealed T2DM, PCOS, Hypertriglyceridemia which were appropriately managed.

Conclusion: The aetiology and clinical features of lipodystrophy are variable. Awareness and early recognition in these cases is necessary for optimal management of the patient.