bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
TARGETING CANCER STEM CELLS WITH A CDK2 INHIBITOR IN GLIOBLASTOMA
Authors: Mahmnoudian Elham , Qu Dianbo , Lotfipour Farzaneh , Jahani-Asl Arezu 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Glioblastoma (GB) is the most common and aggressive adult brain tumor with no cure. Brain tumor stem cells (BTSCs) are a rare population of self-renewing multipotent stem cells in GB that contribute to tumorigenesis, therapeutic resistance, and tumour recurrence. Here, we report a CDK2 inhibitor that suppresses BTSCs via OSM/OSMR/STAT3 signalling pathway. To begin with, we performed high throughput screening (HTS) of ~8400 compounds including FDA-approved drugs in patient derived human BTSCs that naturally harbour EGFRvIII mutation and elevated STAT3 phosphorylation, in search of compounds that can suppress EGFRvIII/OSMR/STAT3 oncogenic pathway. The screen led to the identification of a panel of CDK inhibitors that possessed important characteristics including a) ability to cross the blood-brain barrier with mall molecular weights of 277-566 kDa, b) low Topological Polar Surface Area (TPSA) of 76-115 A°, c) a low number of Hydrogen Bond Donors (HBDs) (1-4), and d) cLogP values ranging from 2-4. Following counter screens, we focused on a CDK2 inhibitor that significantly and most efficiently reduced OSM/OSMR signalling and STAT3 activation. Importantly, we found that the compound inhibited the self-renewal and growth of BTSCs in EGFRvIII subtype of BTSCs. This research has led to future investigation on in vivo assessment of this CDK2 inhibitor in combination with ionizing radiation and chemotherapy in preclinical models of GB.
Machine learning phases of an Abelian gauge theory
Authors: Peng Jhao-Hong , Tseng Yuan-Heng , Jiang Fu-Jiun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The phase transition of the two-dimensional U(1) quantum link model on the triangular lattice is investigated by employing a supervised neural network (NN) consisting of only one input layer, one hidden layer of two neurons, and one output layer. No information on the studied model is used when the NN training is conducted. Instead, two artificially made configurations are considered as the training set. Interestingly, the obtained NN not only estimates the critical point accurately but also uncovers the physics correctly. The results presented here imply that a supervised NN, which has a very simple architecture and is trained without any input from the investigated model, can identify the targeted phase structure with high precision.
Social mobility and education policy: a district-level analysis of legislative behavior
Authors: Bellani Luna , Berriochoa Kattalina M , Fabella Vigile Marie 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA vast literature has examined how perceptions of mobility shape demand for redistribution. These studies generally refer to contemporaneous tax policies demanded by those directly impacted. But social mobility is often measured as changes across generations. To account for these intergenerational effects, our analysis focuses on educational policies. We examine how social mobility at the district level explains legislative support for inclusive education policies. We first develop an electoral competition model where voters are altruistic parents, politicians are office seeking and the future economic status of the children is affected both by the degree of income mobility and by public education policies. We then analyze a newly compiled dataset of roll-call votes on California education legislation matched with electoral district levels of income mobility. In line with the model, our analysis suggests that upward mobility in a district negatively predicts legislative support for redistributive education bills.
Hearing Aid Delay Effects on Neural Phase Locking
Authors: Zhou Mary , Soleimanpour Roksana , Mahajan Aakriti , Anderson Samira 
Published: July 2023

Objectives:
This study was designed to examine the effects of hearing aid delay on the neural representation of the temporal envelope. It was hypothesized that the comb-filter effect would disrupt neural phase locking, and that shorter hearing aid delays would minimize this effect.

Design:
Twenty-one participants, ages 50 years and older, with bilateral mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss were recruited through print advertisements in local senior newspapers. They were fitted with three different sets of hearing aids with average processing delays that ranged from 0.5 to 7 msec. Envelope-following responses (EFRs) were recorded to a 50-msec /da/ syllable presented through a speaker placed 1 meter in front of the participants while they wore the three sets of hearing aids with open tips. Phase-locking factor (PLF) and stimulus-to-response (STR) correlations were calculated from these recordings.

Results:
Recordings obtained while wearing hearing aids with a 0.5-msec processing delay showed higher PLF and STR correlations compared with those with either 5-msec or 7-msec delays. No differences were noted between recordings of hearing aids with 5-msec and 7-msec delays. The degree of difference between hearing aids was greater for individuals who had milder degrees of hearing loss.

Conclusions:
Hearing aid processing delays disrupt phase locking due to mixing of processed and unprocessed sounds in the ear canal when using open domes. Given previous work showing that better phase locking correlates with better speech-in-noise performance, consideration should be given to reducing hearing aid processing delay in the design of hearing aid algorithms.
Prophylactic Administration of Vasopressors Prior to Emergency Intubation in Critically Ill Patients: A Secondary Analysis of Two Multicenter Clinical Trials
Authors: Fuchita Mikita , Pattee Jack , Russell Derek W. , Driver Brian E. , Prekker Matthew E. , Barnes Christopher R. , Brewer Joseph M. , Doerschug Kevin C. , Gaillard John P. , Gandotra Sheetal , Ghamande Shekhar , Gibbs Kevin W. , Hughes Christopher G. , Janz David R. , Khan Akram , Mitchell Steven H. , Page David B. , Rice Todd W. , Self Wesley H. , Smith Lane M. , Stempek Susan B. , Trent Stacy A. , Vonderhaar Derek J. , West Jason R. , Whitson Micah R. , Williamson Kayla , Semler Matthew W. , Casey Jonathan D. , Ginde Adit A. ,   for the Pragmatic Critical Care Research Group
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE:
Hypotension affects approximately 40% of critically ill patients undergoing emergency intubation and is associated with an increased risk of death. The objective of this study was to examine the association between prophylactic vasopressor administration and the incidence of peri-intubation hypotension and other clinical outcomes.

DESIGN:
A secondary analysis of two multicenter randomized clinical trials. The clinical effect of prophylactic vasopressor administration was estimated using a one-to-one propensity-matched cohort of patients with and without prophylactic vasopressors.

SETTING:
Seven emergency departments and 17 ICUs across the United States.

PATIENTS:
One thousand seven hundred ninety-eight critically ill patients who underwent emergency intubation at the study sites between February 1, 2019, and May 24, 2021.

INTERVENTIONS:
None.

MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:
The primary outcome was peri-intubation hypotension defined as a systolic blood pressure less than 90 mm Hg occurring between induction and 2 minutes after tracheal intubation. A total of 187 patients (10%) received prophylactic vasopressors prior to intubation. Compared with patients who did not receive prophylactic vasopressors, those who did were older, had higher Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores, were more likely to have a diagnosis of sepsis, had lower pre-induction systolic blood pressures, and were more likely to be on continuous vasopressor infusions prior to intubation. In our propensity-matched cohort, prophylactic vasopressor administration was not associated with reduced risk of peri-intubation hypotension (41% vs 32%; p = 0.08) or change in systolic blood pressure from baseline (–12 vs –11 mm Hg; p = 0.66).

CONCLUSIONS:
The administration of prophylactic vasopressors was not associated with a lower incidence of peri-intubation hypotension in our propensity-matched analysis. To address potential residual confounding, randomized clinical trials should examine the effect of prophylactic vasopressor administration on peri-intubation outcomes.
Effect of down-regulation of let-7c/g on triggering a double-negative feedback loop and promoting restenosis
Authors: Zhang Qian , Zhou Xiaojun , Li Xianzhi , Yao Shuai , Jiang Shan , Zhang Rui , Zou Zhiwei , Liao Lin , Dong Jianjun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground:Excessive proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the main causes of restenosis (RS) in diabetic lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD). However, the relevant pathogenic mechanisms are poorly understood.Methods:In this study, we introduced a "two-step injury protocol" rat RS model, which started with the induction of atherosclerosis (AS) and was followed by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemistry staining were used to verify the form of RS. Two-step transfection was performed, with the first transfection of Lin28a followed by a second transfection of let-7c and let-7g, to explore the possible mechanism by which Lin28a exerted effects. 5-ethynyl-2΄-deoxyuridine (EdU) and Transwell assay were performed to evaluate the ability of proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were performed to detect the expression of Lin28a protein and let-7 family members.Results:Using a combination ofin vitroandin vivoexperiments, we discovered that let-7c, let-7g, and microRNA98 (miR98) were downstream targets of Lin28a. More importantly, decreased expression of let-7c/let-7g increased Lin28a, leading to further inhibition of let-7c/let-7g. We also found an increased level of let-7d in the RS pathological condition, suggesting that it may function as a protective regulator of the Lin28a/let-7 loop by inhibiting the proliferation and migration of VSMCs.Conclusion:These findings indicated the presence of a double-negative feedback loop consisting of Lin28a and let-7c/let-7g, which may be responsible for the vicious behavior of VSMCs in RS.
Content Validity of a Novel Scar Assessment Tool Evaluating the Career and Sexual Well-being Impact of Scars
Authors: Garg Stuti P. , Weissman Joshua P. , Chwa Emily S. , Galiano Robert D. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Currently, patient reported outcome scales used to assess scar impact focus solely on psychosocial well-being, symptoms, and appearance. There remains a need to develop a broadened measure of scar impact on patients, focusing on sexual and career aspects. This study investigates the content validity of the novel Career and Sexual Well-being (CS) Scar Impact Scale.

Method:
The CS scale contains five questions and was developed from previous patient thematic analysis interviews describing scar impact, and covers self-conscious behavior, new partners, hiding of the scar, being hindered in the workplace, and concerns regarding unprofessional appearance. Cognitive interviews and established guidelines were used to ensure that the scale was comprehensive, reproducible, and easily understandable.

Results:
In total, 86 patients completed cognitive interviews. Patients had a clear understanding of the questions and elicited their intent in the interviews. An estimated 86% of patients rated the CS scale coverage of scar impact on career and sexual health at a three or above out of four; 95% said the specific instructions were clear, and 92% stated it took them less than 4 minutes to complete the scale. After the first round of interviews, a question about “perception/self-consciousness in a professional environment” was added based on patient suggestions.

Conclusions:
The CS scar scale demonstrated face validity, acceptability, and field-readiness through cognitive interviewing of patients at our institution. Sexual well-being and career performance are important yet often neglected themes with which scars should be assessed. Usage of these tools would serve to improve current scar scales.
Patient Outcomes after Fat Grafting to the Radiated Chest Wall before Delayed Two-stage Alloplastic Breast Reconstruction
Authors: Wenger Robert , Retrouvey Helene , Metcalfe Kelly , Semple John L. 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Two-stage alloplastic breast reconstruction in patients having received mastectomy and radiation is associated with a high rate of complications. Fat grafting has been shown to mitigate the effects of radiation on the chest wall to allow for alloplastic reconstruction. In this study, we assess the outcomes (after a mean follow-up of 28 months), including complications and revisional procedures, of women who had fat grafting to the radiated chest wall before two-stage implant-based breast reconstruction.

Methods:
A retrospective chart review was performed on consecutive patients seeking delayed implant-based reconstruction after simple mastectomy and postmastectomy radiation therapy between 2011 and 2015. All patients underwent two sessions of fat grafting to the radiated chest wall before inserting a tissue expander and subsequent exchange to a silicone implant.

Results:
Twenty patients were included in the study. No reconstructive failures were recorded. The short-term complication rate was 5%, with one hematoma leading to a revisional procedure. The mean follow-up after reconstruction was 28 months. During follow-up, two patients (10%) developed capsular contracture grade IV with implant malposition, leading to capsular revision and implant exchange. Four patients (20%) underwent additional fat grafting for contour deformities.

Conclusions:
Fat grafting before two-stage alloplastic breast reconstruction in patients treated with mastectomy and postmastectomy radiation therapy may provide an alternate method of alloplastic reconstruction in a select group of patients who are not suitable for autogenous reconstruction. Follow-up data show that additional surgery may be required for correction of implant malposition and capsular contracture.
Making an MPCT: Building and Sustaining a Multicultural Psychology Consultation Team (MPCT) Within an Academic Medical Center
Authors: Pinder-Amaker Stephanie , Winer Jeffrey P. , Wadsworth Lauren P. , Nevins Caitlin M. , Peckham Andrew , Nota Jacob A. , Beard Courtney 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The synergistic epidemics of COVID-19, racial injustice, and health inequities sparked an unprecedented commitment from US hospital systems and treatment settings to address health disparities by increasing access to care for historically oppressed and underserved communities. However, the inability of hospital systems to actually provide multiculturally responsive care and, more broadly, to consistently practice cultural humility will only exacerbate patient distrust and the deleterious health and social outcomes we seek to mitigate. This perspective article describes the development of a multidisciplinary team of mental health providers committed to delivering culturally responsive mental health treatment while promoting inclusive workplace environments. We outline the Multicultural Psychology Consultation Team’s (MPCT) origin, design, process, and structure and discuss successes and challenges in maintaining the model in its first two years. We recommend that systemic infusion of cultural humility, multiculturally responsive clinical care, and support for providers delivering care be prioritized in concert with efforts to increase access to care for diverse patients. We offer MPCT as a model for supporting these aims.
Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors in Depression
Authors: Liebers David T. , Ebina Wataru , Iosifescu Dan V. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNovel treatment strategies that refract existing treatment algorithms for depressive disorders are being sought. Abnormal brain bioenergetic metabolism may represent an alternative, therapeutically targetable neurobiological basis for depression. A growing body of research points to endogenous ketones as candidate neuroprotective metabolites with the potential to enhance brain bioenergetics and improve mood. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, originally approved for the treatment of diabetes, induce ketogenesis and are associated with mood improvement in population-based studies. In this column, we highlight the rationale for the hypothesis that ketogenesis induced by SGLT2 inhibitors may be an effective treatment for depressive disorders.
Validation of the U60EH Wrist Electronic Blood Pressure Monitor in general population according to the ISO 81060-2:2018/AMD 1:2020 Protocol
Authors: Mu Sicong , Zhu Min , Ma Liping , Fang Lixiu 
Published: July 2023

Objective
To evaluate the accuracy of the U60EH Wrist Electronic Blood Pressure Monitor in general population according to the Universal Standard (ISO 81060-2:2018/AMD 1:2020).

Methods
Subjects were recruited to fulfill the age, gender, blood pressure (BP) and cuff distribution criteria of the Universal Standard in a general population using the same arm sequential BP measurement method. A single cuff for wrist sizes 13.5–21.5 cm was used on this test device.

Results
According to Criterion 1, the mean difference of SBP between the test device and the reference device was 1.51 mmHg, with an SD of 6.48 mmHg. The mean difference of DBP was −0.44 mmHg, with an SD of 5.98 mmHg. The mean difference of both SBP and DBP was less than 5 mmHg, and the SD was less than 8 mmHg, which met the requirements. According to Criterion 2, the mean difference of SBP between the test device and the reference device was 1.51 mmHg, and the SD was 5.88 mmHg, which was less than 6.78 mmHg and met the requirements. The mean difference of DBP was −0.44 mmHg, and the SD was 5.22 mmHg, which was less than 6.93 mmHg and met the requirements.

Conclusion
All results passed the Standard (ISO 81060-2:2018/AMD 1:2020) requirements. The U60EH Wrist Electronic Blood Pressure Monitor can be recommended for home and clinical use.
Evaluation of the Inflammatory Response After Eradication of Helicobacter pylori in Patients With Familial Mediterranean Fever
Authors: Altunok Murat , Albayrak Fatih 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:
Evaluation of the inflammatory response after Helicobacter pylori (Hp) eradication in patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) during the non-attack period and determining whether there is a change in the ongoing inflammation during the non-attack period.

Materials and Methods:
Sixty-four patients, who have not been eradicated for Hp in the last 2 years, diagnosed with FMF, and evaluated in the non-attack period, were included in the study. Hp eradication therapy was administered to patients who were found to be Hp-positive. C-reactive protein (CRP), high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and serum amyloid A values were compared between the groups before and after eradication.

Results:
CRP and hs-CRP levels were found to be statistically higher in the FMF group than in the control group. A statistically significant decrease was found in the values of CRP and hs-CRP, in the number of patients with attacks, and in attack frequency after eradication in the Infected Patients compared to the values before eradication.

Conclusions:
We determined a decrease in CRP and hs-CRP values, the number of patients with attacks, and attack frequency with the eradication of Infected Patients. In patients with FMF, in whom it has been proven by different studies that the inflammation continues during the non-attack period, it may be recommended to investigate the presence of Hp infection, which is thought to contribute to this inflammation and to give Hp eradication therapy to patients who are found positive to reduce the development of secondary complications caused by chronic inflammation.
Aerobic Exercise Improves Cortical Inhibitory Function After Stroke: A Preliminary Investigation
Authors: Palmer Jacqueline A. , Whitaker Alicen A , Payne Aiden M. , Bartsch Bria L. , Reisman Darcy S. , Boyne Pierce E. , Billinger Sandra A. 
Published: July 2023

Background and Purpose:
Aerobic exercise can elicit positive effects on neuroplasticity and cognitive executive function but is poorly understood after stroke. We tested the effect of 4 weeks of aerobic exercise training on inhibitory and facilitatory elements of cognitive executive function and electroencephalography markers of cortical inhibition and facilitation. We investigated relationships between stimulus-evoked cortical responses, blood lactate levels during training, and aerobic fitness postintervention.

Methods:
Twelve individuals with chronic (>6 months) stroke completed an aerobic exercise intervention (40 minutes, 3×/wk). Electroencephalography and motor response times were assessed during congruent (response facilitation) and incongruent (response inhibition) stimuli of a Flanker task. Aerobic fitness capacity was assessed as

during a treadmill test pre- and postintervention. Blood lactate was assessed acutely (<1 minute) after exercise each week. Cortical inhibition (N2) and facilitation (frontal P3) were quantified as peak amplitudes and latencies of stimulus-evoked electroencephalographic activity over the frontal cortical region.

Results:
Following exercise training, the response inhibition speed increased while response facilitation remained unchanged. A relationship between earlier cortical N2 response and faster response inhibition emerged postintervention. Individuals who produced higher lactate during exercise training achieved faster response inhibition and tended to show earlier cortical N2 responses postintervention. There were no associations between

and metrics of behavioral or neurophysiologic function.

Discussion and Conclusions:
These preliminary findings provide novel evidence for selective benefits of aerobic exercise on inhibitory control during the initial 4-week period after initiation of exercise training and implicate a potential therapeutic effect of lactate on poststroke inhibitory control.

Video Abstract available for more insights from the authors (see the video, Supplemental Digital Content 1 available at: http://links.lww.com/JNPT/A450).