bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Spin-dependent sub-GeV inelastic dark matter-electron scattering and Migdal effect. Part I. Velocity independent operator
Authors: Li Jiwei , Su Liangliang , Wu Lei , Zhu Bin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The ionization signal provide an important avenue of detecting light dark matter. In this work, we consider the sub-GeV inelastic dark matter and use the non-relativistic effective field theory (NR-EFT) to derive the constraints on the spin-dependent DM-electron scattering and DM-nucleus Migdal scattering. Since the recoil electron spectrum of sub-GeV DM is sensitive to tails of galactic DM velocity distributions, we also compare the bounds on corresponding scattering cross sections in Tsallis, Empirical and standard halo models. With the XENON1T data, we find that the exclusion limits of the DM-proton/neutron and DM-electron scattering cross sections for exothermic inelastic DM are much stronger that those for the endothermic inelastic DM. Each limits of the endothermic inelastic DM can differ by an order of magnitude at most in three considered DM velocity distributions.
On the applicability of the Landau-Zener formula to axion-photon conversion
Authors: Carenza Pierluca , Marsh M.C. David 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Axions and photons resonantly interconvert in regions where the plasma frequency approximately equals the axion mass. This process is directly analogous to an avoided level crossing in quantum mechanics, for which the celebrated Landau-Zener (LZ) formula provides a simple, non-perturbative solution for the conversion probability. The LZ formula is commonly used in studies of axion-photon conversion; however, in this context, it relies on the assumption that the magnetic field variation is small compared to variations of the plasma frequency, which is frequently not the case in real plasmas.
We derive a generalised version of the LZ formula by allowing the boundaries to be located at a scale that is similar to the inhomogeneities. We find that the LZ formula fails when the oscillation range is small compared to the resonance region. This failure is more severe in the adiabatic limit, when the plasma frequency varies slowly, resulting in
a conversion probability that is not maximal as opposed to a naive application of the LZ formula.
Moreover, we consider circumstances where the generalised LZ formula does not apply and present an alternative semi-classical approximation with complementary regime of validity.
Gluon gravitational form factors of protons from charmonium photoproduction*
Authors: Wang Xiao-Yun , Zeng Fancong , Wang Quanjin 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Inspired by the recent near-threshold

photoproduction measurements, we discuss gluon gravitational form factors (GFFs) and internal properties of the proton. This work presents a complete analysis of the proton gluon GFFs connecting the gluon part of the energy-momentum tensor and the heavy quarkonium photoproduction. In particular, a global fitting of the

differential and total cross section experimental data is used to determine the gluon GFFs as functions of the squared momentum transfer t. Combined with the quark contributions to the D-term form factor extracted from the deeply virtual Compton scattering experiment, the total D-term is obtained to investigate their applications in describing the proton mechanical properties. These studies provide a unique perspective on investigating the proton gluon GFFs and important information for enhancing QCD constraints on the gluon GFFs.
GHz bursts in MHz burst (BiBurst) enabling high-speed femtosecond laser ablation of silicon due to prevention of air ionization
Authors: Obata Kotaro , Caballero-Lucas Francesc , Kawabata Shota , Miyaji Godai , Sugioka Koji 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
For the practical use of femtosecond laser ablation, inputs of higher laser intensity are preferred to attain high-throughput material removal. However, the use of higher laser intensities for increasing ablation rates can have detrimental effects on ablation quality due to excess heat generation and air ionization. This paper employs ablation using BiBurst femtosecond laser pulses, which consist of multiple bursts (2 and 5 bursts) at a repetition rate of 64 MHz, each containing multiple intra-pulses (2–20 pulses) at an ultrafast repetition rate of 4.88 GHz, to overcome these conflicting conditions. Ablation of silicon substrates using the BiBurst mode with 5 burst pulses and 20 intra-pulses successfully prevents air breakdown at packet energies higher than the pulse energy inducing the air ionization by the conventional femtosecond laser pulse irradiation (single-pulse mode). As a result, ablation speed can be enhanced by a factor of 23 without deteriorating the ablation quality compared to that by the single-pulse mode ablation under the conditions where the air ionization is avoided.
High entropy materials as emerging electrocatalysts for hydrogen production through low-temperature water electrolysis
Authors: Ruiz Esquius Jonathan , Liu Lifeng 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The production of hydrogen through water electrolysis (WE) from renewable electricity is set to revolutionise the energy sector that is at present heavily dependent on fossil fuels. However, there is still a pressing need to develop advanced electrocatalysts able to show high activity and withstand industrially-relevant operating conditions for a prolonged period of time. In this regard, high entropy materials (HEMs), including high entropy alloys and high entropy oxides, comprising five or more homogeneously distributed metal components, have emerged as a new class of electrocatalysts owing to their unique properties such as low atomic diffusion, structural stability, a wide variety of adsorption energies and multi-component synergy, making them promising catalysts for challenging electrochemical reactions, including those involved in WE. This review begins with a brief overview about WE technologies and a short introduction to HEMs including their synthesis and general physicochemical properties, followed by a nearly exhaustive summary of HEMs catalysts reported so far for the hydrogen evolution reaction, the oxygen evolution reaction and the overall water splitting in both alkaline and acidic conditions. The review concludes with a brief summary and an outlook about the future development of HEM-based catalysts and further research to be done to understand the catalytic mechanism and eventually deploy HEMs in practical water electrolysers.
The Evidence
Authors: Eidinow Esther 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis chapter lays out the evidence for trials of women in fourth-century Athens. It starts with the historical trials of Theoris, Ninon, and Phryne, before examining the fictional stories about similar trials. It examines the different sources in turn, and the significance of the evidence each provides, as well as discussing some of the ways in which scholars have approached them. Similarities and differences between the historical and fictional materials are noted, as are the difficulties of obtaining a coherent account of the historical events. The chapter ends by highlighting the final fictional narrative (Plutarch’s story of Aretaphila, from his treatise on The Virtues of Women) in which the heroine gives an account of her own motivations, and provides a little more detail about the social context that prompted her actions: this draws attention to her fear of others’ phthonos towards her.
Narratives ofPhthonos
Authors: Eidinow Esther 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis chapter explores some evidence for the emotion of phthonos in ancient Greek culture, exploring the diverse ways in which it is employed in different literary genres, and its role in signalling social tensions. To explore this ‘phthonos talk’, it focuses on two case studies: the praise poetry of Pindar, written in the early fifth century, and examples from forensic rhetoric, written in the fourth century. These two studies allow us to see how the perception and expression of this emotion was shaped by the social context in which it appears. By using Kenneth Burke’s framework of ‘dramatism’, this chapter examines how attributions of phthonos provide a narrative of causality that is linked inextricably to social norms and values.
Epilogue: Social Trauma?
Authors: Eidinow Esther 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis last chapter of the book offers an overview of the argument made across the book as a whole, and then puts forward an additional psychoanalytical interpretation of the factors that brought about the trials of Theoris, Ninon, and Phryne. Drawing on anthropological studies of political violence, and theories of cultural trauma, it argues that these trials occurred within a society in which a sense of unity had been severely and catastrophically disrupted by the events of the Peloponnesian war and its aftermath. These cases were shaped by local concerns: by means of gossip the Athenian community would have identified the activities that it found threatening and deserving of social censure. In turn, these cases can be argued to have helped shape longer-term historical attitudes to ‘magical’ activities.
A Complex Unit Interviews Analysis Approach in Qualitative Social Work Research
Authors: Koren Chaya 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Qualitative research methods are advancing from individual analysis levels to dyadic and above to present multiple facets of reality, coinciding well with micro (individual), mezzo (family and groups) and macro (communities and society) levels in social work (SW) practices. Complex units (CU) comprise two groups with several members in each group, with each CU member having a perspective on the studied phenomenon; some perspectives are in congruence, others not. However, methodological approaches to the analysis of CUs are lacking. Based on the naturalistic–constructivist paradigm, this methodological article aims to present a Complex Unit Interviews Analysis (CUIA) approach that can be used in qualitative SW research. It includes a four-phase circular procedure: Phase 1—full analysis (i) familiarisation, (ii) coding, (iii) identifying themes; Phase 2—selective analysis of how a theme plays out in a CU (i) vertical analysis (across interviews within each CU group) and (ii) horizontal analysis (between groups of a CU); Phase 3—refining themes by analysis across CUs; Phase 4—conducting Phase 2 and Phase 3 for each theme identified in Phase 1. CUIA is illustrated using a family study case that presents multiple facets of a phenomenon’s reality by combining individual perspectives to form a CU perspective within SW and familial contexts.
Development of a Liquid-Phase Microextraction Method Prior to HPLC Analysis of Quercetin in Food Samples
Authors: Ghasemi Maryam , Rahmani Mashaallah , Khajeh Mostafa 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
In this research, an efficient, fast, low-cost and easy-to-use liquid-phase microextraction method was established to measure quercetin in onion and tomato before analysis by HPLC instrument. Herein, a rotatable central composite design-response surface methodology and artificial neural network were applied to model, optimize and predict the affecting factors on the microextraction procedure. Here, a minimal level of extractant was applied in the absence of a disperser. The cloudy state was formed by repeatedly suctioning and injecting the mixture of the aqueous solution and extractant with a glass syringe. Due to this procedure, a turbid solution composed of the very fine droplets of extractant dispersed in the aqueous solution was created, the contact surface was significantly enlarged and the quercetin was promptly extracted. The optimum values for the proposed method included 284 μL of 1-undecanol as the organic extractive solvent, pH of sample 3.3, the number of air injected nine times and speed and duration of centrifugation 4,000 rpm and 5 min. The linear range and detection of limit were achieved at 20–4,000 and 6 μg L−1, respectively. RSD% was obtained ˂4.93% (n = 5). This model was applied to monitor quercetin in tomato and onion samples.
Pharmacokinetic relevance of glomerular hyperfiltration for drug dosing
Authors: Zoccali Carmine , Mallamaci Francesca , De Caterina Raffaele 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
In chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, hypofiltration may lead to the accumulation of drugs that are cleared mainly by the kidney and, vice versa, hyperfiltration may cause augmented renal excretion of the same drugs. In this review we mainly focus on the issue of whether hyperfiltration significantly impacts the renal clearance of drugs and whether the same alteration may demand an up-titration of the doses applied in clinical practice. About half of severely ill, septic patients and patients with burns show glomerular hyperfiltration and this may lead to enhanced removal of drugs such as hydrophilic antibiotics and a higher risk of antibiotic treatment failure. In general, hyperfiltering obese individuals show higher absolute drug clearances than non-obese control subjects, but this depends on the body size descriptor adopted to adjust for fat excess. Several mechanisms influence pharmacokinetics in type 2 diabetes, including renal hyperfiltration, reduced tubular reabsorption and augmented tubular excretion. However, no consistent pharmacokinetic alteration has been identified in hyperfiltering obese subjects and type 2 diabetics. Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) have exhibited lower plasma concentrations in hyperfiltering patients in some studies in patients with atrial fibrillation, but a recent systematic review failed to document any excess risk for stroke and systemic embolism in these patients. Hyperfiltration is common among severely ill patients in intensive care units and drug levels should be measured whenever possible in these high-risk patients to prevent underdosing and treatment failure. Hyperfiltration is also common in patients with obesity or type 2 diabetes, but no consistent pharmacokinetic alteration has been described in these patients. No NOAC dose adjustment is indicated in patients with atrial fibrillation being treated with these drugs.
The place of cyclical therapy for the treatment of membranous nephropathy in the era of rituximab
Authors: Alberici Federico , Mescia Federica , Scolari Francesco 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Primary membranous nephropathy (MN) is the most frequent cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults, due to a variety of autoantibodies, most frequently against phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R). In severe cases or when spontaneous remission is not achieved, immunosuppression is required. Cyclical therapy, based on glucocorticoids and cyclophosphamide on alternate months for 6 months, has proven effective to induce remission and reduce the risk of end-stage renal disease. Since the early 2000s, rituximab (RTX) has emerged as a key player in the management of MN, showing overall comparable effectiveness and likely better safety compared with the cyclical regimen, despite the lack of adequately powered trials comparing the two approaches head to head. For these reasons, RTX is now considered the agent of choice for most patients with MN. However, there are still uncertainties. Around 20–40% of patients are resistant to RTX, especially in the setting of high anti-PLA2R levels, and this drug remains relatively unexplored in patients with the most severe disease. In these scenarios, although the expanding therapeutic armamentarium is probably going to provide further options, the cyclical regimen still plays a key role as a safety net. The aim of this article is to illustrate the role of cyclical therapy in the RTX era.
Microtubule plus-end tracking proteins: novel modulators of cardiac sodium channels and arrhythmogenesis
Authors: Marchal Gerard A , Galjart Niels , Portero Vincent , Remme Carol Ann 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The cardiac sodium channel NaV1.5 is an essential modulator of cardiac excitability, with decreased NaV1.5 levels at the plasma membrane and consequent reduction in sodium current (INa) leading to potentially lethal cardiac arrhythmias. NaV1.5 is distributed in a specific pattern at the plasma membrane of cardiomyocytes, with localization at the crests, grooves, and T-tubules of the lateral membrane and particularly high levels at the intercalated disc region. NaV1.5 forms a large macromolecular complex with and is regulated by interacting proteins, some of which are specifically localized at either the lateral membrane or intercalated disc. One of the NaV1.5 trafficking routes is via microtubules (MTs), which are regulated by MT plus-end tracking proteins (+TIPs). In our search for mechanisms involved in targeted delivery of NaV1.5, we here provide an overview of previously demonstrated interactions between NaV1.5 interacting proteins and +TIPs, which potentially (in)directly impact on NaV1.5 trafficking. Strikingly, +TIPs interact extensively with several intercalated disc- and lateral membrane-specific NaV1.5 interacting proteins. Recent work indicates that this interplay of +TIPs and NaV1.5 interacting proteins mediates the targeted delivery of NaV1.5 at specific cardiomyocyte subcellular domains, while also being potentially relevant for the trafficking of other ion channels. These observations are especially relevant for diseases associated with loss of NaV1.5 specifically at the lateral membrane (such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy), or at the intercalated disc (for example, arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy), and open up potential avenues for development of new anti-arrhythmic therapies.
Twenty-five years of root remodelling for root aneurysm and tricuspid aortic valve
Authors: Ehrlich Tristan , Abeln Karen B , Burgard Christian , Froede Lennart , Schulze-Berge Julia , Morgenthaler Lucie , Giebels Christian , Schäfers Hans-Joachim 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the long-term results of root remodelling with tricuspid aortic valves and the effects of concomitant cusp repair and annuloplasty.

METHODS
Between October 1995 and December 2021, 684 patients with root aneurysm and regurgitant tricuspid valves were treated by root remodelling. The mean age was 56.5 [standard deviation (SD): 14] years, and 538 (77.6%) were male. Relevant aortic regurgitation was present in 68.3%. Concomitant procedures were performed in 374 patients. The long-term results were analysed. The mean follow-up of 7.2 (SD: 5.3) years (median 6.6 years); it was 95% complete (4934.4 patient-years).

RESULTS
Cusp prolapse was repaired in 83%, and an annuloplasty was added in 353 instances (51.6%). Hospital mortality was 2.3%, and survival was 81.7% (SD: 1.2) and 55.7% (SD: 5.8) at 10 and 20 years; age and measurement of effective height were independent predictors for death. Freedom from Aortic insufficiency (AI) II was 90.5 (SD: 1.9) at 10 years and 76.7 (SD: 4.5) at 20 years. Cusp repair of all cusps showed a lower freedom from recurrent AI ≥II at 10 years (P &lt; 0.001). Suture annuloplasty showed a lower freedom from recurrent AI II at 10 years (P = 0.07). Freedom from reoperation was 95.5 (SD: 1.1) and 92.8 (SD: 2.8) at 10 and 20 years. The addition of an annuloplasty showed no difference (P = 0.236). Cusp repair had no effect on valve durability (P = 0.390).

CONCLUSIONS
Root remodelling leads to good long-term stability. The addition of cusp repair improves the valve stability over time. The addition of suture annuloplasty improves early valve competency; it showed no effect on freedom from reoperation up to 10 years.
A spatial and contextual exposome-wide association study and polyexposomic score of COVID-19 hospitalization
Authors: Hu Hui , Laden Francine , Hart Jaime , James Peter , Fishe Jennifer , Hogan William , Shenkman Elizabeth , Bian Jiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEnvironmental exposures have been linked to COVID-19 severity. Previous studies examined very few environmental factors, and often only separately without considering the totality of the environment, or the exposome. In addition, existing risk prediction models of severe COVID-19 predominantly rely on demographic and clinical factors. To address these gaps, we conducted a spatial and contextual exposome-wide association study (ExWAS) and developed polyexposomic scores (PES) of COVID-19 hospitalization leveraging rich information from individuals’ spatial and contextual exposome. Individual-level electronic health records of 50 368 patients aged 18 years and older with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR/Antigen lab test or a COVID-19 diagnosis between March 2020 and October 2021 were obtained from the OneFlorida+ Clinical Research Network. A total of 194 spatial and contextual exposome factors from 10 data sources were spatiotemporally linked to each patient based on geocoded residential histories. We used a standard two-phase procedure in the ExWAS and developed and validated PES using gradient boosting decision trees models. Four exposome measures significantly associated with COVID-19 hospitalization were identified, including 2-chloroacetophenone, low food access, neighborhood deprivation, and reduced access to fitness centers. The initial prediction model in all patients without considering exposome factors had a testing-area under the curve (AUC) of 0.778. Incorporation of exposome data increased the testing-AUC to 0.787. Similar findings were observed in subgroup analyses focusing on populations without comorbidities and aged 18–24 years old. This spatial and contextual exposome study of COVID-19 hospitalization confirmed previously reported risk factor but also generated novel predictors that warrant more focused evaluation.
Price Volatility Modeling for the Lumber Futures Market: A Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity-Mixed Data Sampling Approach
Authors: Deb Prokash , Assogba Noel Perceval , Li Wenying 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLumber is one of the most essential forest products in the United States. During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, lumber prices almost quadrupled, and fluctuations reached record levels. Although market experts have pointed to various drivers of such high price volatility, no firm conclusions have been drawn yet. Using the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity-mixed data sampling (GARCH-MIDAS) framework, this study assesses the potential drivers of lumber price volatility, with predictors including the Google Trends Web Search Index, housing starts, US lumber production quantity, and VIX index, representing public attention, housing demand, lumber supply, and macroeconomic concerns, respectively. We have found that housing demand is the key driver of lumber price volatility, followed by public attention. It is worth noting that US lumber supply and macroeconomic concerns have played a modest role in explaining lumber price volatility. Also, forecasting lumber price by using the housing demand variable substantially outperforms others. Market participants, including lumber mills, wholesalers, and home builders can get valuable information from the housing market to manage lumber price risk.