bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of the seismic behavior and comparison of the behavior factor of steel structures braced with centered and eccentric bars
Authors: Hellal Ourida , Belhocine Malika , Merakeb Seddik , Mechiche Mohand Oussalem 
Published: January 2025

Purpose
The study of structures subjected to seismic action is important in countries with high seismicity. However, observation of the damage caused to these structures shows that they absorb much greater forces. The explanation lies largely in the energy dissipation mechanism. In particular, the structure’s overall behavior coefficient is “q”. The purpose of this study is to provide a method for evaluating the behavior factor and the comparison between two types of bracing of metal structures.

Design/methodology/approach
The aim is to provide a method for evaluating the overall behavior coefficient of structures braced with a centered bar system and an eccentric bar system and to carry out a comparative study between them. The work was carried out on three structures. The authors then estimated an average value for the “q” coefficient and a plastic hinge formation sequence was presented for each type.

Findings
As a result, the breaking of all structures is achieved by plasticization of the bars for centered bar bracing and by the formation of plastic hinges in the seismic eccentricity sections and then in the beams for eccentric bracing. The mean values of the behavior factors for centered and eccentric bar bracing are of the order of 3.5 and 2.5, respectively. The study showed that we are within the range recommended by Eurocode-8 in accordance with an average level of ductility.

Originality/value
The comparison between the types of bracing studied and the portal frame type shows that eccentric bar bracing is intermediate to the other two. This confirms the reliability of the study and is more dissipative than centered bar bracing.
Let ‘Pregnant Women Choose the Destiny for Themselves and Their Child’. How Fertility Clinic Digital Platforms Frame Preimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) in Spain
Authors: Turrini Mauro , Otín‐Gavín Jorge 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTPreimplantation Genetic Testing (PGT) is used to select in vitro embryos for distinct clinical contexts and purposes. PGT for monogenic conditions (PGT‐M), also known as Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD), enables the prevention of passing on a known genetic disorder to one's offspring. Conversely, PGT for aneuploidies (PGT‐A), or Preimplantation Genetic Screening (PGS), is used to improve IVF success rates in fertility patients and increase confidence about the health outcomes of potential offspring. Using discourse analysis, we examine how Spanish fertility clinic digital platforms frame these techniques and their associated subjectivity processes. We find: first, an excessively unproblematic portrayal of experimental innovations such as PGT; second, a linguistic, semantic and clinical overlap between ‘diagnosis’ and ‘screening’, which increases the genetic responsibility of couples or women without known genetic conditions regarding their prospective children; and third, the use of genomics as a modulator of female fertility and as a means to control maternal age‐related decline. Ultimately, this discourse positions PGT as a routine IVF component, serving as an assurance tool for both treatment success and the health of the potential baby. This narrative reflects the speculative turn in assisted reproduction, emphasising new forms of responsibility and choice of would‐be mothers.
The Impact of Dating Twin Pregnancy by the Larger, Smaller or Mean Twin Crown‐Rump Length: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Blayney Gillian V. , Giorgione Veronica , Bhide Amar , Thilaganathan Basky 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo evaluate the impact of twin dating by ultrasound‐measured crown‐rump length (CRL) of the larger (CRL‐L), smaller (CRL‐S) or mean twin measurement (CRL‐M) on the rates of preterm birth (PTB) and detection of small for gestational age (SGA) births.DesignA retrospective cohort study.SettingA tertiary fetal medicine centre (London, UK).Population or SampleAll twin pregnancies between 1998 and 2023 who underwent first trimester CRL ultrasound assessment and fetal growth assessment.MethodsData collection included CRL measurement, estimated fetal weight (EFW), pregnancy outcome and birthweight (BW) for each twin. Pregnancies were retrospectively re‐dated by CRL‐S, CRL‐L and CRL‐M.Main Outcome MeasuresSGA < 10th centile and extreme PTB rates (< 28 weeks).ResultsIn the 1129 twin pregnancies, median CRL‐S was 61 mm (interquartile range [IQR]: 56.0–66.0) and CRL‐L was 63 mm (IQR: 58.4–68.9) with a mean discordance of 4.0%. Prenatal SGA diagnosis occurred in 19.8% and 23.1% of smaller twins when dated by CRL‐S and CRL‐L, respectively. When pregnancies were dated by CRL‐M versus CRL‐S or CRL‐L, there was no difference in prenatal SGA diagnosis (p = 0.275 and p = 0.419); SGA at birth (p = 0.132 and p = 0.325); or extreme PTB (p = > 0.999 and p = 0.765 respectively).ConclusionsDating by the smaller, larger or mean twin CRL does not significantly alter rates of extreme preterm birth, SGA detection or SGA birth. Dating by the mean twin CRL reduces stigmatisation of the smaller twin and retains the utility of accurate gestational age assessment without impacting clinical outcomes.
Artificial intelligence and food flavor: How AI models are shaping the future and revolutionary technologies for flavor food development
Authors: Cui Zhiyong , Qi Chengliang , Zhou Tianxing , Yu Yanyang , Wang Yueming , Zhang Zhiwei , Zhang Yin , Wang Wenli , Liu Yuan 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe food flavor science, traditionally reliant on experimental methods, is now entering a promising era with the help of artificial intelligence (AI). By integrating existing technologies with AI, researchers can explore and develop new flavor substances in a digital environment, saving time and resources. More and more research will use AI and big data to enhance product flavor, improve product quality, meet consumer needs, and drive the industry toward a smarter and more sustainable future. In this review, we elaborate on the mechanisms of flavor recognition and their potential impact on nutritional regulation. With the increase of data accumulation and the development of internet information technology, food flavor databases and food ingredient databases have made great progress. These databases provide detailed information on the nutritional content, flavor molecules, and chemical properties of various food compounds, providing valuable data support for the rapid evaluation of flavor components and the construction of screening technology. With the popularization of AI in various fields, the field of food flavor has also ushered in new development opportunities. This review explores the mechanisms of flavor recognition and the role of AI in enhancing food flavor analysis through high‐throughput omics data and screening technologies. AI algorithms offer a pathway to scientifically improve product formulations, thereby enhancing flavor and customized meals. Furthermore, it discusses the safety challenges of integrating AI into the food flavor industry.
The Prominent Subarachnoid Space in Children: How has a Normal Variant Become Medicolegally Life‐Threatening Pathology?
Authors: Ditchfield Michael , Sadrarhami Shohreh , Tully Joanna , Smith Anne 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTA prominent subarachnoid space (SAS) in infants under 24 months is a very common finding and is a normal variant that can be associated with macrocephaly. This must be differentiated from various pathological conditions that also cause a prominent SAS, including a reduction in brain volume, obstruction to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) or malformations of the skull. The inappropriate labelling of normal SAS prominence as enlargement due to pathology and misrepresentation of published literature by some author groups has created confusion medicolegally, contributing to inappropriate conclusions that a normal prominent SAS may cause subdural haemorrhage (SDH) and brain injury. This paper aims to review the characteristics of the SAS in infants, the terminology relating to the prominence of the SAS and the possible association between the prominence of the SAS and SDH.
Intermittent Fasting Enhances Motor Coordination Through Myelin Preservation in Aged Mice
Authors: Liu Zhuang , Zhao Ziyue , Du Hongying , Zhou Qingqing , Li Mei , Gui Zhu , Wu Jinfeng , Gao Yunling , Zheng Ning , Zhang Yu , Du Ailian , Wang Hongxing , Wang Jie 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIntegrating dietary interventions have been extensively studied for their health benefits, such as Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and aging. However, it is necessary to fully understand the mechanisms of long‐term effects and practical applications of these dietary interventions for health. A 10‐week intermittent fasting (IMF) regimen was implemented on the aging animals in the current study. The variations of cerebral functions were analyzed employing a comprehensive experimental design that includes behavioral tests, neuroimaging, and ultrastructural analysis, such as resting‐state functional MRI (rsfMRI), EEG/EMG recordings, transmission electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. Over a 10‐week regimen, IMF significantly improved locomotor activity, motor coordination, and muscle strength compared to controls (p < 0.01). Resting‐state fMRI (rsfMRI) demonstrated that IMF modulates brain‐wide functional connectivity, enhancing communication between key brain regions. Advanced imaging techniques revealed increased expression of myelin‐related proteins, including myelin basic protein (MBP), and myelin‐associated glycoprotein (MAG), indicating enhanced myelin integrity and repair, particularly in axons with diameters < 400 nm (p < 0.01). These findings suggest that IMF may mitigate age‐related declines by promoting better neuronal signaling. This study highlights the potential function of IMF as a non‐pharmacological intervention to promote brain health and mitigate cognitive decline in aging populations.
Harmonization of alcohol use data and mortality across a multi‐national HIV cohort collaboration
Authors: Ingle Suzanne M. , Trickey Adam , Lankina Anastasia , McGinnis Kathleen A. , Justice Amy , Cavassini Matthias , d’ Arminio Monforte Antonella , van Sighem Ard , Gill M. John , Crane Heidi M. , Obel Niels , Jarrin Inma , Wallner Elmar , Guest Jodie , Silverberg Michael J. , Vourli Georgia , Wittkop Linda , Sterling Timothy R. , Satre Derek D. , Burkholder Greer A. , Costagliola Dominique , Sterne Jonathan A. C. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundAlcohol use is measured in diverse ways across settings. Harmonization of measures is necessary to assess effects of alcohol use in multi‐cohort collaborations, such as studies of people with HIV (PWH).MethodsData were combined from 14 HIV cohort studies (nine European, five North American) participating in the Antiretroviral Therapy Cohort Collaboration. We analyzed data on adult PWH with measured alcohol use at any time from 6 months before starting antiretroviral therapy. Five cohorts measured alcohol use with AUDIT‐C and others used cohort‐specific measures. We harmonized alcohol use as grams/day, calculated using country‐level definitions of a standard drink. For Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT‐C), we used Items 1 (frequency) and 2 (number of drinks on a typical day). Where alcohol was measured in categories, we used the mid‐point to calculate grams/day. We used multivariable Cox models to estimate associations of alcohol use with mortality.ResultsAlcohol use data were available for 83,424 PWH, 22,447 (27%) had AUDIT‐C measures and 60,977 (73%) recorded the number of drinks/units per week/day. Of the sample, 19,150 (23%) were female, 54,006 (65%) had White ethnicity, and median age was 42 years. Median alcohol use was 0.3 g/day (interquartile range [IQR] 0–4.8) and 0 g/day (IQR 0–20) for those with and without AUDIT‐C. There was a J‐shaped relationship between grams/day and mortality, with higher mortality for PWH reporting no alcohol use (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 1.46; 95% CI: 1.23–1.72) and heavier (>61.0 g/day) alcohol use (aHR 1.92; 1.41–2.59) compared with 0.1–5.5 g/day among those with AUDIT‐C measures. Associations were similar among those with non‐AUDIT‐C measures.ConclusionsGrams/day is a useful metric to harmonize diverse measures of alcohol use. Magnitudes of associations of alcohol use with mortality may differ by setting and measurement method. Higher mortality among those with heavier alcohol use strengthens the case for interventions to reduce drinking.
Pregnenolone effects on parasympathetic response to stress and alcohol cue provocation in treatment‐seeking individuals with alcohol use disorder
Authors: Gao Huaze , Sinha Rajita , Wemm Stephanie , Milivojevic Verica 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBackgroundChronic alcohol consumption in alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with autonomic nervous system dysregulation, increasing cardiovascular risk, and high alcohol cravings. Heart rate variability (HRV), a marker of autonomic nervous system responsiveness to stressors, may mediate alcohol's impact on the cardiovascular system. While pregnenolone (PREG) has been shown to normalize heart rate and blood pressure in individuals with AUD, its effects on sympathetic and parasympathetic components of HRV and related alcohol craving are not known.MethodsFifty‐five treatment‐seeking individuals with AUD were randomized to placebo (n = 21) or daily pregnenolone at 300 mg (n = 18) or 500 mg (n = 16), in a double‐blind, 8‐week pilot clinical trial. In week 2, participants underwent three randomized, counterbalanced 5‐minute personalized guided imagery provocations (stress, alcohol, and neutral/relaxing cues) on separate days. HRV indices were assessed during each session and analyzed using linear mixed‐effects models (LMEs), including association between HRV indices and anxiety and alcohol craving.ResultsA medication group × condition interaction was found for parasympathetic, high‐frequency (HF) (p = 0.028) and sympathetic/parasympathetic, low‐frequency/high‐frequency (LF/HF) ratio (p = 0.017) indices of HRV. Placebo had higher HF during alcohol cue (p = 0.011), while 500 mg PREG demonstrated lower HF in response to stress (p = 0.050) and alcohol cues (p = 0.047). Placebo showed lower LF/HF ratio during stress (p = 0.006) and alcohol cue (p = 0.001), while the PREG groups showed no changes. Overall, the LF/HF response to alcohol cue was significantly lower in placebo compared to the 300 mg PREG (p = 0.012) and 500 mg PREG (p = 0.037) groups. Lastly, HF was found to predict alcohol craving regardless of PREG doses.ConclusionsWe found a normalization of autonomic response in PREG groups. These findings suggest that PREG holds therapeutic potential for enhancing autonomic function in AUD.
Worse than a braggart: Interpersonal costs of humblebragging in China
Authors: Li Cai , Ybarra Oscar , Lee David S. , Adams Savannah , Bi Chongzeng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHumblebragging is a common, indirect self‐presentation strategy. However, its prevalence and effectiveness have never been tested in a non‐western culture. Here, we explored the use and social costs of humblebragging in China across five studies. Studies 1a and 1b demonstrated the form and content of humblebragging on social media in Chinese daily life. Study 2 showed that compared to direct braggarts, observers felt higher contempt and less admiration towards humblebraggarts, and they were more willing to justify socially excluding them than direct braggarts. Study 3a and preregistered Study 3b found that humblebraggarts overestimated the extent to which recipients of their bragging admired them and underestimated the extent to which others felt contempt towards them, as well as others' willingness to exclude them. These findings extend our understanding of humblebragging's ineffectiveness and suggest that there is an interpersonal miscalibration when people use humblebragging.
Peri‐operative identification and management of patients with unhealthy alcohol intake
Authors: Jenkins Matthew J. A. , Kinsella Stephen M. , Wiles Matthew D. , Srivastava Brijesh , Griffiths Catherine , Lewin Jacquelyn , Usher Stephen , Mehta Gautam , Berger Abi , Gondongwe Dereck , Hassan Isra 
Published: January 2025

SummaryIntroductionThis consensus statement gives practical advice for the safe management of patients with harmful alcohol intake undergoing elective and emergency surgery. The wide spectrum of alcohol‐related organ dysfunction observed in this cohort of patients may have a profound impact on care, and the additional effects of alcohol withdrawal may further exacerbate postoperative morbidity and mortality.MethodsA working party was assembled based on clinical and/or academic expertise in the area. Recommendations were formulated using a modified Delphi process. An initial list of recommendations was produced following targeted literature reviews for all relevant phases of patient care throughout the peri‐operative pathway. These recommendations were distributed among the authors who rated each as ‘include’, ‘exclude’; or ‘revise’. Recommendations with ≥ 75% inclusion decision were included.ResultsThe working party produced a list of 10 key peri‐operative management recommendations. These include recommendations on how to screen effectively for excessive alcohol usage in the surgical population. To achieve this, a validated point‐of‐care tool is used with additional weighting provided by considering surgical urgency. This is combined with the use of scoring systems to facilitate decisions regarding peri‐operative care including postoperative location. This document also provides clear explanation of the physiological and pharmacological issues relating to alcohol excess, highlighting the direct effects of alcohol and its secondary effects on organ systems.DiscussionThis consensus statement offers strategies and solutions to minimise the impact of harmful alcohol intake on the safe conduct of anaesthesia.
Association of Anaesthetists guidelines: the use of blood components and their alternatives
Authors: Shah Akshay , Klein Andrew A. , Agarwal Seema , Lindley Andrew , Ahmed Aamer , Dowling Kerry , Jackson Emma , Das Sumit , Raviraj Divya , Collis Rachel , Sharrock Anna , Stanworth Simon J. , Moor Paul 
Published: January 2025

SummaryBackgroundThe administration of blood components and their alternatives can be lifesaving. Anaemia, bleeding and transfusion are all associated with poor peri‐operative outcomes. Considerable changes in the approaches to optimal use of blood components and their alternatives, driven by the findings of large randomised controlled trials and improved haemovigilance, have become apparent over the past decade. The aim of these updated guidelines is to provide an evidence‐based set of recommendations so that anaesthetists and peri‐operative physicians might provide high‐quality care.MethodsAn expert multidisciplinary, multi‐society working party conducted targeted literature reviews, followed by a three‐round Delphi process to produce these guidelines.ResultsWe agreed on 12 key recommendations. Overall, these highlight the importance of organisational factors for safe transfusion and timely provision of blood components; the need for protocols that are targeted to different clinical contexts of major bleeding; and strategies to avoid the need for transfusion, minimise bleeding and manage anticoagulant therapy.ConclusionsAll anaesthetists involved in the care of patients at risk of major bleeding and peri‐operative transfusion should be aware of the treatment options and approaches that are available to them. These contemporary guidelines aim to provide recommendations across a range of clinical situations.
Heritage Protection as Progressive Urbanism? Modernist Social Housing in England
Authors: While Aidan , Pendlebury John 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHeritage protection can sometimes disrupt the remaking and reimaging of cities by prioritising and protecting alternatives based on non‐market values of architectural and historical significance. In England, the “post‐war listing” programme has positioned state heritage protection as an unlikely advocate and defender (sometimes of last resort) of the diminishing material and symbolic legacy of the architecture of the welfare state and its socialist values from the 1950s and 1960s. In this paper, we explore what might be at stake ideologically, materially, and symbolically in the protection of post‐war architectural heritage in England. While post‐war listing has creating scope for alternatives, its subaltern role (in and against the state) has been limited in various ways by state strategies of market‐based regeneration that erode and marginalise social housing and welfarist rights to the city. Although heritage protection has been only a minor irritant in the politics of regeneration, the paper explores what might be at stake for the Left in engaging more explicitly with heritage building protection and the selectivity of heritage value.
Longitudinal relations among online social activities, peer relationship problems, and well‐being in children: The moderating effect of extraversion
Authors: Wang Yuanyuan , Huebner E. Scott , Liu Wang , Tian Lili 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPrior research has predominantly examined the relations between online social activities (OSA) and mental health among adolescents and adults, with comparatively less emphasis placed on children, particularly concerning positive indicators of subjective health, such as well‐being. The relations between OSA and well‐being are likely intricate and necessitate meticulously designed methodologies to investigate the associations and their underlying mechanisms. This longitudinal study employed the random intercept cross‐lagged panel models to explore the dynamic relations between OSA and well‐being, considering peer relationship problems as a potential mediator and extraversion as a moderator of the associations, while distinguishing between‐ and within‐person effects. A total of 2,300 Chinese children (56.1% boys, Mage = 9.49, SD = 0.56) completed four measurements over a two‐year period. The results indicated that: (a) OSA negatively predicted well‐being, but not vice versa; (b) peer relationship problems mediated the relations from OSA to well‐being; and (c) extraversion served as a moderator of the associations, with notable differences between extraverted and introverted children. These findings provide valuable insights for developing targeted guidance for children's Internet use to enhance their general well‐being.