bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Performance evaluation of various distributors and exchange elements configurations in the optical fiber communication system under optimum operating conditions
Authors: Shanmugapriya Ganesan , Bhoompally Suneela , Ahammad Shaik Hasane , Kiran Kasi Uday , Anwer Twana Mohammed Kak , Hossain Md. Amzad , Rashed Ahmed Nabih Zaki , Nabil Ashraf Ali 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This study reported the performance evaluation of various distributors and exchange elements configurations in the optical fiber communication system. The study of different diaphragm structures mechanics under different pressure levels effects. The stress along the x axis of a square diaphragm and the deflection of a square diaphragm under pressure are reported. The radial and tangential stress of a round diaphragm and the deflection of a round diaphragm under pressure are outlined. 3D for the bossed diaphragm deflection against diaphragm position is clarified. The stress distribution across the shorter side of a rectangular diaphragm and 3D for the rectangular diaphragm deflection against diaphragm position under pressure are demonstrated. The radial stress is larger than the tangential stress through the diaphragm radial position from 50 μm to 250 μm for a square diaphragm under pressure. The radial stress is larger than the tangential stress for the bossed diaphragm position varies from 125 μm to 250 μm. All the obtained results are demonstrated through the use of the MEMSolver simulation program software version 3.3.
How the physio-chemical properties of char from the pyrolysis of Automotive Shredder Residue (ASR) influences its future uses
Authors: Bentley Peter , Williams Karl , Khodier Ala 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Pyrolysis of ASR is an emerging technology which may increase circularity in End-of-Life Vehicle (ELV) waste recycling. To scale up from the current pilot scale, physiochemical characterisation of the by-products is required to determine their utilisation. This paper explored how the physiochemical properties of char from different pyrolysis fractions influence secondary uses. ASR was pyrolysed in a pilot-scale unit capable of processing 100 kg h−1 at 900 °C, producing 480 kg of char from which samples were taken for analysis. Three types of pyrolysis char were identified: (i) coarse char (CC) (ii) medium char (MC) and (iii) fine char (FC). Physical (particle size, moisture content and surface analysis) and chemical (calorific value, organic and inorganic elemental analysis) analysis was conducted. Physical and chemical differences were determined between char fractions: CC had the highest particle size (800 µm; mean 353.5 µm) calorific value (14,544 kcal g−1) and metal concentration; the relationship was CC > MC > FC. Organic elemental analysis indicated %C was highest under FC (80.29 %) and %S was highest in CC (1.04 %). Findings from this experiment provided initial insight into the differences in properties of char fractions from ASR pyrolysis. Potential future uses in char commercial markets were evaluated, with upgrading recommendations provided.
Putting the “Compassion” in Compassionate Release
Authors: Zunkel Erica , Lessnick Jaden M. 
Published: March 2023

In a harsh and inflexible system that offers few opportunities for judges to reevaluate the sentences they impose when circumstances warrant, federal compassionate release holds great promise. When the First Step Act was passed in 2018, sentencing judges were freed from the restrictive Sentencing Commission policy statement that limited the circumstances under which judges could grant relief. Exercising that newfound discretion, judges began granting sentencing reductions for reasons not enumerated in the outdated policy statement, such as COVID-19 and excessive and unjust sentences. Judges in certain federal circuits, however, have been increasingly constrained by appellate case law that cabins judicial discretion.
This article makes the case for the Sentencing Commission to expand and codify in its forthcoming policy statement judicial discretion to identify unenumerated “extraordinary and compelling” circumstances warranting a sentencing reduction and to reject circuit courts’ narrowing of compassionate release. We illuminate how judges have mindfully used their discretion over the past four years to grant relief for a variety of extraordinary and compelling reasons. In particular, this article describes our Clinic’s successful litigation for victims of law enforcement’s stash house reverse sting operations as illustrative of the need for expanded judicial discretion in compassionate release. Enshrining that discretion in an updated policy statement would provide an administrable safety valve consistent with Congress’s intent that compassionate release be a mechanism to remedy truly unjust sentences. Only then will compassionate release be truly compassionate.
Comparative analysis of NovaSeq 6000 and MGISEQ 2000 single‐cell RNA sequencing data
Authors: Chen Weiran , Wahiduzzaman Md , Li Quan , Li Yixue , Zheng Guangyong , Huang Tao 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundSingle‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) technology is now becoming a widely applied method of transcriptome exploration that helps to reveal cell‐type composition as well as cell‐state heterogeneity for specific biological processes. Distinct sequencing platforms and processing pipelines may contribute to various results even for the same sequencing samples. Therefore, benchmarking sequencing platforms and processing pipelines was considered as a necessary step to interpret scRNA‐seq data. However, recent comparing efforts were constrained in sequencing platforms or analyzing pipelines. There is still a lack of knowledge of analyzing pipelines matched with specific sequencing platforms in aspects of sensitivity, precision, and so on.MethodsWe downloaded public scRNA‐seq data that was generated by two distinct sequencers, NovaSeq 6000 and MGISEQ 2000. Then data was processed through the Drop‐seq‐tools, UMI‐tools and Cell Ranger pipeline respectively. We calculated multiple measurements based on the expression profiles of the six platform‐pipeline combinations.ResultsWe found that all three pipelines had comparable performance, the Cell Ranger pipeline achieved the best performance in precision while UMI‐tools prevailed in terms of sensitivity and marker calling.ConclusionsOur work provided an insight into the selection of scRNA‐seq data processing tools for two sequencing platforms as well as a framework to evaluate platform‐pipeline combinations.
McSNAC: A software to approximate first‐order signaling networks from mass cytometry data
Authors: Wethington Darren , Mukherjee Sayak , Das Jayajit 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundMass cytometry (CyTOF) gives unprecedented opportunity to simultaneously measure up to 40 proteins in single cells, with a theoretical potential to reach 100 proteins. This high‐dimensional single‐cell information can be very useful in dissecting mechanisms of cellular activity. In particular, measuring abundances of signaling proteins like phospho‐proteins can provide detailed information on the dynamics of single‐cell signaling processes. However, computational analysis is required to reconstruct such networks with a mechanistic model.MethodsWe propose our Mass cytometry Signaling Network Analysis Code (McSNAC), a new software capable of reconstructing signaling networks and estimating their kinetic parameters from CyTOF data. McSNAC approximates signaling networks as a network of first‐order reactions between proteins. This assumption often breaks down as signaling reactions can involve binding and unbinding, enzymatic reactions, and other nonlinear constructions. Furthermore, McSNAC may be limited to approximating indirect interactions between protein species, as cytometry experiments are only able to assay a small fraction of protein species involved in signaling.ResultsWe carry out a series of in silico experiments here to show (1) McSNAC is capable of accurately estimating the ground‐truth model in a scalable manner when given data originating from a first‐order system; (2) McSNAC is capable of qualitatively predicting outcomes to perturbations of species abundances in simple second‐order reaction models and in a complex in silico nonlinear signaling network in which some proteins are unmeasured.ConclusionsThese findings demonstrate that McSNAC can be a valuable screening tool for generating models of signaling networks from time‐stamped CyTOF data.
CARACTERÍSTICAS EPIDEMIOLÓGICAS DE ADULTOS MAYORES HOSPITALIZADOS EN UN SANATORIO DE LA PROVINCIA DE SAN LUIS, ARGENTINA
Authors: Sánchez Sánchez Marcos , Rojo Sosa Cinthia , Arenas Rimoldi Paula , Pereyra González Carlos 
Published: March 2023

Se considera persona adulta mayor a aquellas personas mayores a 60 años. Muchas investigaciones se han publicado sobre temas que involucran a esta población de este rango etario, principalmente, relacionadas con sus comorbilidades y causas de muerte. El objetivo de este estudio es describir las características epidemiológicas de los adultos mayores hospitalizados en el Sanatorio Ramos Mejía, de San Luis, Argentina, durante mayo de 2022. Se estudiaron todos los pacientes ingresados en el servicio de clínica médica o de otros servicios que recibieron interconsulta de este último, durante el mes referido. La población fue de 37 pacientes, 54 % fueron varones y 46 % mujeres, con promedio de edad de 76 años y gran parte hipertensos (67,57 %) o diabéticos (35,14 %). La mayoría poseía cobertura médica por INSSJP (Instituto Nacional de Servicios Sociales para Jubilados y Pensionados). El tiempo de internamiento promedio fue de 10,41 días (DE 10,41). Solo 4 pacientes requirieron ingreso a UTI (unidad de terapia intensiva), por una media de 5,97 días. El motivo de internación más frecuente fue la neumonía (18,92 %). De los egresos hospitalarios, el 21,6 % fue por muerte, la cual afectó en su mayoría a mujeres y la cantidad restante de egreso fue 56,52 % por resolución del cuadro que motivó el ingreso. La medicación más prevalente usada al ingreso por esta población fue la Metformina, 24,32 %. En cambio la medicación más frecuentemente administrada posterior al ingreso fue la Ranitidina, 67,57 %. En conclusión, según los resultados se logró caracterizar epidemiológicamente la población anciana de San Luis, Argentina.
Palabras clave: Anciano, Servicios de Salud para Ancianos, Geriatría, Medicina, Argentina. Fuente: DeCS/MeSH.
SÍNDROME DE PLAQUETAS PEGAJOSAS: REPORTE DE CASO
Authors: Casares-Fallas Daniel , Balmaceda-Meza Andrea 
Published: March 2023

El Síndrome de Plaquetas Pegajosas es un trastorno autosómico dominante caracterizado por alteraciones de la agregación plaquetaria en respuesta a la epinefrina y/o el fosfato de adenosina, el cual favorece fenómenos trombóticos arteriales y venosos recurrentes. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente de 33 años que consulta por dolor abdominal crónico de características inespecíficas a la que se le documenta por medio de TAC de abdomen una trombosis del eje espleno portal, la paciente se ingresa al Servicio de Medicina Interna para completar estudios por trombosis venosa en sitio atípico y posterior a múltiples estudios se diagnóstica Síndrome de Plaquetas Pegajosas. El objetivo de este artículo es proporcionar una revisión del tema para tomar en consideración esta enfermedad dentro de los diagnósticos diferenciales, en especial cuando los estudios por trombofilias salen negativos, hay trombosis recurrentes o fallo al tratamiento.
Palabras clave: Síndrome de Plaquetas pegajosas, Trombofilia, Trombosis, Agregación plaquetaria. Fuente:DeCS/MeSH.
The role of executive function deficits, delay aversion and emotion dysregulation in internet gaming disorder and social media disorder: Links to psychosocial outcomes
Authors: Soares Lorrayne , Thorell Lisa B. , Barbi Martina , Crisci Giulia , Nutley Sissela B. , Burén Jonas 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground and aimsIt has been argued that it is important to consider underlying mechanisms of mental health problems. Previous studies have shown that executive deficits, delay aversion, and emotion dysregulation are related to Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD) and Social Media Disorder (SMD). However, the present study is the first to investigate whether these neuropsychological deficits show additive effects or if they interact. The present study also investigated whether these deficits mediate the association between IGD/SMD and psychosocial outcomes.MethodsThe study involved 995 university students who completed a survey measuring IGD/SMD symptom severity, neuropsychological functions, and psychosocial outcomes. Both dimensional and categorical analyses were used to assess the associations between neuropsychological functions and IGD/SMD. Simple and multiple mediation analyses were conducted to examine if neuropsychological functioning mediates the association between IGD/SMD and psychosocial outcomes.ResultsAll neuropsychological functions were significantly associated with both IGD and SMD symptom severity. However, only inhibition and emotion regulation, as well as delay aversion for SMD, remained significant when controlling for the overlap between different functions. Associations were significantly stronger for men compared to women for IGD. In the categorical analyses, individuals with IGD/SMD were more likely to have neuropsychological deficits (odds ratios between 3.33 and 8.81). Finally, all neuropsychological functions, except inhibition, were significant mediators in the link between IGD/SMD and psychosocial outcomes.Discussion and conclusionsThese results shed light on the neuropsychological underpinnings of IGD/SMD, which can be used to identify more homogenous subgroups and provide more individualized treatment options.
First experience of using augmented reality technology in liver and pancreas laparoscopy
Authors: Panchenkov D. N. , Abdulkerimov Z. A. , Semeniakin I. V. , Gabdullin A. F. , Grigorieva E. V. , Klimov D. D. , Prokhorenko L. S. , Gritsaenko A. I. , Liskevich R. V. , Tupikin K. A. 
Published: March 2023

Aim. To describe the experience of using augmented reality system in abdominal surgery at one clinical center.Materials and methods. In 2021–2022, five patients underwent laparoscopy with augmented reality technology. The interventions included echinococcectomy with resection of IV, V, VI liver segments, pancreaticoduodenal resection for pancreatic head cancer, excision of mesostenium cyst, resection of pancreas body and tail for neuroendocrine tumor.Results. Application of 3D models requires putting on glasses, scaling and setting a model on the screen image, which sometimes prolonged surgery time to 25 minutes. In a number of operations the use of augmented reality navigated the surgeon when working near vascular structures. After looking through the AR model, a surgeon felt more confident in terms of individual anatomy.Conclusion. Augmented reality can become a reliable and promising tool in abdominal surgery. However, further technological development in augmented reality systems is needed to increase their performance.
Combined interventions on pancreatic ducts with external fistulas
Authors: Kovalevskii A. D. , Prudkov M. I. 
Published: March 2023

The present paper describes clinical observation of successful treatment of a patient with chronic calcifying pancreatitis complicated by an external pancreatic fistula. Abdominal surgery after laparotomy and cholecystectomy had to be limited to bursoomentostomy due to the bleeding tissues and severe blood loss. Combined endoscopic intervention through the external pancreatic fistula was used for the treatment. The performed interventions included stone extraction in Wirsung’s duct, dilation and stenting of the distal stricture of the pancreatic duct. The fistula closed, a pain-free period lasted for 3 years. Similar transfistula interventions were performed in 7 patients with chronic pancreatitis and external pancreatic fistulas, lithiasis in Wirsung's duct (n = 5) and pancreatic duct strictures (n = 6). A total of 17 procedures were performed, 7 of 8 fistulas were closed. Complications developed in 3 observations, no lethal outcome was registered.Conclusion. Transfistula interventions in pancreatic ducts with combined X-ray guidance, oral and transfistula endoscopy can be used to remove stones, dilate strictures and restore natural passage of pancreatic secretions as an independent treatment or preparation for planned abdominal surgery.
AS INTERAÇÕES E O BRINCAR NA E COM A NATUREZA: CONSTRUINDO UMA INFÂNCIA DESEMPAREDADA NA CRECHE
Authors: Valerio Viviane Graciele de Araujo , Silva Marta Regina Paulo da 
Published: March 2023

Resumo: Este artigo apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa de mestrado em educação, que teve como objetivo compreender como vem sendo construído o “desemparedamento da infância” em uma creche da Rede Municipal de Educação de São Caetano do Sul. Parte da compreensão da preferência e do encantamento das crianças pelos espaços externos em meio à natureza para suas experiências brincantes no cotidiano da creche, demonstrando sua insatisfação quanto às rotinas rígidas e aos ambientes fechados das instituições educacionais. Trata-se de um estudo de caso, que teve como procedimentos para a coleta de dados: entrevista semiestruturada com as professoras e gestoras da creche; análise do Currículo Municipal de São Caetano do Sul e do Projeto Político Pedagógico da creche; e a Documentação Pedagógica da professora-pesquisadora. O referencial teórico dialogou com os estudos da sociologia da infância, pedagogia da infância e legislação referente à educação infantil. A análise dos dados revelou que as entrevistadas reconhecem as preferências das crianças pelos espaços externos em meio à natureza, porém sentem-se inseguras e ante a possibilidade das crianças se machucarem ou adoecerem em função de banhos de chuvas e o tempo frio. Outros aspectos que distanciam a criança da natureza, refere-se à “sujeira”, horários inflexíveis da rotina, e a dificuldade em controlar a disciplina das crianças nos ambientes externos. Contudo, apesar das dificuldades, algumas professoras vêm proporcionando contextos brincantes na natureza, o que vai demonstrando a construção do desemparedamento da infância na creche.
Long COVID symptoms among outpatients with COVID-19: a descriptive study
Authors: BİLGİN Serkan , YAMANOĞLU Adnan , KAYALI Ahmet , PAYZA Umut , EFGAN Mehmet Göktuğ , ÇINAROĞLU Osman Sezer , KAYA Selçuk 
Published: March 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe long COVID-19 symptoms in patients receiving outpatient treatment.
Materials and Methods: This prospective, observational, descriptive study was conducted in the COVID-19 clinic of a university hospital in February-May 2022. Patients who applied to the outpatient clinic and were diagnosed with COVID-19 were included in the study. Patients were follow up for prolonged COVID-19 symptoms for a 12-week period. It was investigated whether there was a relationship between long COVID-19 symptoms frequency and gender, age and blood type.
Results: At least one long COVID symptom was observed in 23% of 7139 patients included in the study. Myalgia was the most common symptom detected in 4.33% of all patients. Cough and loss of taste/smell were the most common symptoms in women, and dizziness in men. The frequency of 26 of 29 symptoms varied with age. While the symptoms most affected by the Body Mass Index were peripheral neuropathy and tinnitus, the least affected symptoms were loss of taste/smell, anxiety and depression.
Conclusion: Long COVID symptoms were widely detected in COVID-19 outpatients. Age, gender and BMI may be factors affecting long COVID symptoms.
Near-surface attenuation and site effects from comparison of surface and deep borehole recordings
Authors: Abercrombie Rachel E. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractNear-surface attenuation and site effects are investigated using the seismograms of 17 local earthquakes recorded at depths of 0, 0.3, 1.5, 2.5, and 2.9 km in the Cajon Pass borehole, southern California. The borehole penetrates 500 m of Miocene sandstone and then crystalline, granitic basement rock. Previous estimates of site response have been limited to shallower holes, where the surface reflection interferes with the upgoing direct wave, and the deepest sensor is not below the severe near-surface effects, in bedrock. Spectral ratios of the direct P and S waves for each earthquake between the different recording levels are well modeled with frequency-independent Q and amplification. At the borehole, QP ∼ 27 ± 8, and QS ∼ 21 ± 7 in the upper 2.9 km, increasing from QP ∼26 and QS ∼15 in the upper 300 m to QP ∼133 and QS ∼47 between 1.5 and 3 km. One event was also recorded at a surface granite site, less than 1.5 km from the wellhead. Comparison of the 2.9-km recording with that at this granite site gives QP ∼50 and QS ∼23. The similarity of these values with those of previous studies at a wide range of sites suggests that Q is very low in the near surface, independent of rock type. Near-surface amplification appears considerably more site dependent. At the wellhead, the amplifications at 1 Hz of the direct P and S waves are 12 ± 7 and 13 ± 7, respectively. These values include the free-surface effect and are in reasonable agreement with the impedance contrast from the borehole logs. At the granite site, amplification of both P and S waves is less than four; direct-wave amplification at the wellhead is therefore at least three times that of the granite site. The spectra of the direct and coda waves of the one earthquake recorded at both the wellhead and granite sites are compared with the corresponding 2.9-km recording. Coda-wave amplification is in good agreement with the direct wave at the rock site, but at the borehole, the coda-wave amplification factor overestimates the direct-wave amplification by a factor of 3.