bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Investigation the interaction of dietary fat quality indices and the MC4R gene in metabolically healthy and unhealthy overweight and obese women
Authors: Rasaei Niloufar , Fallah Melika , Nemati Mohammad , Gholami Fatemeh , Ghaffarian-Ensaf Rasool , Mirzaei Khadijeh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObesity has become a common global problem. Some obese people can be metabolically healthy. Gene-environment interaction can be important in this context. This study aimed to assess the interaction between dietary fat quality indices and the Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) gene in metabolically healthy and unhealthy overweight and obese women. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 279 women with overweight and obesity. The definition of metabolically healthy and unhealthy phenotypes was done according to Karelis criteria. Dietary assessment was done using a 147-item validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and dietary fat quality was assessed by cholesterol-saturated fat index (CSI) and the ratio of omega-6/omega-3 (N6/N3) essential fatty acids. MC4R was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique. A generalized linear model was used to evaluate the interaction between dietary fat quality indices and the MC4R gene in both crude and adjusted models. Study subjects with higher ratio of N6/N3 had higher homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA IR) index (P = 0.03) and other variables showed no difference according to the tertile of CSI and N6/N3. Participants with the C allele of MC4R rs17782313 had lower height (P < 0.001) and higher HOMA index (P = 0.01). We found that the CC genotype of MC4R interacts with the N6/N3 ratio on the metabolically unhealthy phenotype in the crude model (β = 9.94, CI 2.49–17.39, P = 0.009) and even after adjustment for all confounders (β = 9.002, CI 1.15–16.85, P = 0.02, β =  − 12.12, CI 2.79–21.46, P = 0.01). The data of this study can justify one inconsistency observed in society, regarding dietary recommendations about metabolic health status. Those with CC genotype, are more likely to have an unhealthy phenotype with an increase in N6/N3 as one fat quality indices than those who do not have CC genotype. We found the interaction of dietary fat quality indices such as N6/N3 and the MC4R gene in metabolically unhealthy overweight and obese women.
Splashing of tungsten-based anode during arc discharge
Authors: Iida Kenta , Komen Hisaya , Shigeta Masaya , Tanaka Manabu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA unique mechanism of splashing from a tungsten-based anode was identified during arc discharge. Splashing occurred by breakoff of a liquid metal column, which elongates after a local concavity formed on the molten anode surface. Blue–violet luminescence, emitted by cerium ions originating from additives in the tungsten-based anode, was captured before the concavity formation. The surface temperature exceeded the boiling point of the additives at the time of splashing. The measured droplet speeds suggested that an electromagnetic force contributes the high-speed ejections. Energy dispersive spectrometry mapping also exhibited a remnant of the additives on the longitudinal cross-section of the anode after arc discharge. Based on these experimental facts, the mechanism of anode splashing in arc discharge was deduced as follows: bubble formation of additives at temperatures above their boiling point, bubble bursting at the surface, micro-plasma jet generation, liquid-column elongation and breakoff under an electromagnetic force, and consequent high-speed droplet ejection.
Nonclassical mechanisms to irreversibly suppress β-hematin crystal growth
Authors: Ma Wenchuan , Balta Victoria A. , Pan Weichun , Rimer Jeffrey D. , Sullivan David J. , Vekilov Peter G. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHematin crystallization is an essential element of heme detoxification of malaria parasites and its inhibition by antimalarial drugs is a common treatment avenue. We demonstrate at biomimetic conditions in vitro irreversible inhibition of hematin crystal growth due to distinct cooperative mechanisms that activate at high crystallization driving forces. The evolution of crystal shape after limited-time exposure to both artemisinin metabolites and quinoline-class antimalarials indicates that crystal growth remains suppressed after the artemisinin metabolites and the drugs are purged from the solution. Treating malaria parasites with the same agents reveals that three- and six-hour inhibitor pulses inhibit parasite growth with efficacy comparable to that of inhibitor exposure during the entire parasite lifetime. Time-resolved in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM), complemented by light scattering, reveals two molecular-level mechanisms of inhibitor action that prevent β-hematin growth recovery. Hematin adducts of artemisinins incite copious nucleation of nonextendable nanocrystals, which incorporate into larger growing crystals, whereas pyronaridine, a quinoline-class drug, promotes step bunches, which evolve to engender abundant dislocations. Both incorporated crystals and dislocations are known to induce lattice strain, which persists and permanently impedes crystal growth. Nucleation, step bunching, and other cooperative behaviors can be amplified or curtailed as means to control crystal sizes, size distributions, aspect ratios, and other properties essential for numerous fields that rely on crystalline materials.
Deep immunophenotyping reveals clinically distinct cellular states and ecosystems in large-scale colorectal cancer
Authors: Li Si , Pan Tao , Xu Gang , Gao Yueying , Zhang Ya , Xu Qi , Pan Jiwei , Zhou Weiwei , Xu Juan , Li Qifu , Li Yongsheng 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDetermining the diverse cell types in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and their organization into cellular communities, is critical for understanding the biological heterogeneity and therapy of cancer. Here, we deeply immunophenotype the colorectal cancer (CRC) by integrative analysis of large-scale bulk and single cell transcriptome of 2350 patients and 53,137 cells. A rich landscape of 42 cellular states and 7 ecosystems in TMEs is uncovered and extend the previous immune classifications of CRC. Functional pathways and potential transcriptional regulators analysis of cellular states and ecosystems reveal cancer hallmark-related pathways and several critical transcription factors in CRC. High-resolution characterization of the TMEs, we discover the potential utility of cellular states (i.e., Monocytes/Macrophages and CD8 T cell) and ecosystems for prognosis and clinical therapy selection of CRC. Together, our results expand our understanding of cellular organization in TMEs of CRC, with potential implications for the development of biomarkers and precision therapies.
Sketch and Speak Expository Intervention for Adolescents: A Single-Case Experiment via Telepractice
Authors: Peterson Amy K. , Ukrainetz Teresa A. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:

This study investigated the effects of
Sketch and Speak
strategy intervention on expressive and receptive expository discourse for adolescents with language-related learning disabilities (LLD).

Method:
Three participants completed baseline and twelve 45- to 60-min individual treatment sessions in a multiple-baseline across participants design. In treatment, participants learned to take notes using pictography and conventional bulleted notes, orally generate sentences from their notes, and orally practice full sentences and oral reports. Session tests with varied levels of instructional support were used to collect outcome data on free-recall oral reports, short-answer question responses, and participant notes. A distal, age- referenced expository task and social validity questionnaires were administered pre-/postintervention.

Results:
Visual and statistical analyses revealed significant effects of treatment on the primary outcome measure of Oral Report Quality and on secondary outcomes of Note Quantity and Quality. There was no significant effect of treatment on Short-Answer Recall questions. Two participants generalized strategies during the treatment phase to independent performance on Oral Reports and one improved on Note Quality. All three participants improved on the distal expository measure. Social validity questionnaires showed participant awareness and buy-in of taught strategies, with potential for generalization at the high school level.

Conclusions:

These adolescent students benefited from explicit instruction in note-taking strategies and systematic oral practice of expository discourse even within the challenging delivery setting of telepractice. This study provides evidence for the use of
Sketch and Speak
expository intervention with adolescents with LLD to improve comprehension and expression of grade-level material.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23681505
Revisit security in the era of DevOps: An evidence‐based inquiry into DevSecOps industry
Authors: Zhou Xin , Mao Runfeng , Zhang He , Dai Qiming , Huang Huang , Shen Haifeng , Li Jingyue , Rong Guoping 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBy adopting agile and lean practices, DevOps aims to achieve rapid value delivery by speeding up development and deployment cycles, which however lead to more security concerns that cannot be fully addressed by an isolated security role only in the final stage of development.DevSecOpspromotes security as a shared responsibility integrated into the DevOps process that seamlessly intertwines development, operations, and security from the start throughout to the end of cycles. While some companies have already begun to embrace this new strategy, both industry and academia are still seeking a common understanding of the DevSecOps movement. The goal of this study is to report the state‐of‐the‐practice of DevSecOps, including the impact of DevOps on security, practitioners' understanding of DevSecOps, and the practices associated with DevSecOps as well as the challenges of implementing DevSecOps. The authors used a mixed‐methods approach for this research. The authors carried out a grey literature review on DevSecOps, and surveyed the practitioners of DevSecOps in industry of China. The status quo of DevSecOps in industry is summarized. Three major software security risks are identified with DevOps, where the establishment of DevOps pipeline provides opportunities for security‐related activities. The authors classify the interpretations of DevSecOps into three core aspects of DevSecOps capabilities, cultural enablers, and technological enablers. To materialise the interpretations into daily software production activities, the recommended DevSecOps practices from three perspectives—people, process, and technology. Although a preliminary consensus is that DevSecOps is regarded as an extension of DevOps, there is a debate on whether DevSecOps is a superfluous term. While DevSecOps is attracting an increasing attention by industry, it is still in its infancy and more effort needs to be invested to promote it in both research and industry communities.
Calibrating angular momentum transport in intermediate-mass stars from gravity-mode asteroseismology
Authors: Mombarg J. S. G. 
Published: July 2023

Context. The physical mechanisms driving the transport of angular momentum in stars are not fully understood, as current models cannot explain the observed stellar rotation profiles across all stages of evolution.
Aims. By making use of pulsating F-type dwarfs, we aim to (i) observationally calibrate the efficiency of angular momentum transport, assuming a constant uniform viscosity, and (ii) test how well state-of-the-art rotating stellar models with angular momentum (AM) transport by rotationally induced processes can explain observed rotation profiles. In both cases, the aim is to simultaneously reproduce the measured near-core rotation and core-to-surface rotation ratio.
Methods. Asteroseismic modelling is applied to a sample of seven slowly rotating pulsators in order to derive (core) masses and ages from their gravity-mode oscillations. This work focuses on the main sequence (MS), using models that start with an initial uniform rotation frequency at the start of core-hydrogen burning, which is a free parameter. Two treatments of AM transport are considered: (i) a constant uniform viscosity, and (ii) rotationally induced processes (including the Spruit-Tayler dynamo). Next, the initial rotation frequency of each star is derived from the observed present-day near-core rotation frequency for both treatments.
Results. Asteroseismic modelling of gravity mode periods reveals that all seven slowly rotating stars (one of which is not further modelled) in the sample are near the end of core-hydrogen burning. To explain the near-core rotation rate at the inferred age, initial rotation frequencies at the zero-age main sequence need to be below 10% of the initial critical break-up frequency. The derived initial rotation frequencies are consistent with previous works.
Conclusions. A diffusive approximation of angular momentum transport can in general explain the observed rotation profiles of the six slowly rotating F-type dwarfs for average values of the viscosity of between 2 × 105 and 5 × 107 cm2 s−1 or when the viscosity is computed from rotationally induced mechanisms. Yet, for three stars in the sample, the core-to-surface rotation fraction from rotationally induced mechanisms is predicted to be higher than observed.
Development of advanced photon calibrator for Kamioka gravitational wave detector (KAGRA)
Authors: Inoue Y. , Hsieh B. H. , Chen K. H. , Chu Y. K. , Ito K. , Kozakai C. , Shishido T. , Tomigami Y. , Akutsu T. , Haino S. , Izumi K. , Kajita T. , Kanda N. , Lin C. S. , Lin F. K. , Moriwaki Y. , Ogaki W. , Pang H. F. , Sawada T. , Tomaru T. , Suzuki T. , Tsuchida S. , Ushiba T. , Washimi T. , Yamamoto T. , Yokozawa T. 
Published: July 2023

The Kamioka Gravitational wave detector (KAGRA) cryogenic gravitational-wave observatory has commenced joint observations with the worldwide gravitational wave detector network. Precise calibration of the detector response is essential for accurately estimating parameters of gravitational wave sources. A photon calibrator is a crucial calibration tool used in laser interferometer gravitational-wave observatory, Virgo, and KAGRA, and it was utilized in joint observation 3 with GEO600 in Germany in April 2020. In this paper, KAGRA implemented three key enhancements: a high-power laser, a power stabilization system, and remote beam position control. KAGRA employs a 20 W laser divided into two beams that are injected onto the mirror surface. By utilizing a high-power laser, the response of the detector at kHz frequencies can be calibrated. To independently control the power of each laser beam, an optical follower servo was installed for power stabilization. The optical path of the photon calibrator’s beam positions was controlled using pico-motors, allowing for the characterization of the detector’s rotation response. Additionally, a telephoto camera and quadrant photodetectors were installed to monitor beam positions, and beam position control was implemented to optimize the mirror response. In this paper, we discuss the statistical errors associated with the measurement of relative power noise. We also address systematic errors related to the power calibration model of the photon calibrator and the simulation of elastic deformation effects using finite element analysis. Ultimately, we have successfully reduced the total systematic error from the photon calibrator to 2.0%.
Controlled transition to different proton acceleration regimes: Near-critical-density plasmas driven by circularly polarized few-cycle pulses
Authors: De Marco Shivani Choudhary , Mondal Sudipta , Margarone Daniele , Kahaly Subhendu 
Published: July 2023

A controlled transition between two different ion acceleration mechanisms would pave the way to achieving different ion energies and spectral features within the same experimental set up, depending on the region of operation. Based on numerical simulations conducted over a wide range of experimentally achievable parameter space, reported here is a comprehensive investigation of the different facets of ion acceleration by relativistically intense circularly polarized laser pulses interacting with thin near-critical-density plasma targets. The results show that the plasma thickness, exponential density gradient, and laser frequency chirp can be controlled to switch the interaction from the transparent operating regime to the opaque one, thereby enabling the choice of a Maxwellian-like ion energy distribution with a cutoff energy in the relativistically transparent regime or a quasi-monoenergetic spectrum in the opaque regime. Next, it is established that a multispecies target configuration can be used effectively for optimal generation of quasi-monoenergetic ion bunches of a desired species. Finally, the feasibility is demonstrated for generating monoenergetic proton beams with energy peak at E≈20–40 MeV and a narrow energy spread of ΔE/E≈18%–28.6% confined within a divergence angle of ∼175 mrad at a reasonable laser peak intensity of I0 ≃ 5.4 × 1020 W/cm2.
Student interpreters predict meaning while simultaneously interpreting - even before training
Authors: Amos Rhona M. , Seeber Kilian G. , Pickering Martin J. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Prediction has long been considered advantageous in simultaneous interpreting, as it may allow interpreters to
comprehend more rapidly and focus on their own production. However, evidence of prediction in simultaneous interpreting to date is
relatively limited. In addition, it is unclear whether training in simultaneous interpreting influences predictive processing
during a simultaneous interpreting task. We report on a longitudinal eye-tracking study which measured the timing and extent of
prediction in students before and after two semesters of training in simultaneous interpreting. The students simultaneously
interpreted sentences containing a highly predictable word as they viewed a screen containing four pictures, one of which depicted
a highly predictable object. They made predictive eye movements to the highly predictable object both before and after their
training in simultaneous interpreting. However, we did not find evidence that training influenced the timing or the magnitude of
their prediction.
A potential third-generation gravitational-wave detector based on autocorrelative weak-value amplification
Authors: Huang Jing-Hui , He Fei-Fan , Duan Xue-Ying , Wang Guang-Jun , Hu Xiang-Yun 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Reducing noises and enhancing signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) have become critical for designing third-generation gravitational-wave (GW) detectors with a GW strain of less than

10

−
23

H
z

−
1

. In this paper, we propose a potential third-generation GW detector based on autocorrelative weak-value amplification (AWVA) for GW detection with a strain of

h
g

=

4
×

10

−
25

H
z

−
1

. In our scheme, a GW event induces a phase difference

Δ
ϕ

by passing through a 11-bounce delay line, 10-km arm-length, zero-area Sagnac interferometer illuminated with a 1064-nm laser. Subsequently,

Δ
ϕ

is amplified as the parameter of post-selection by choosing the appropriate pre-selected state and coupling strength in AWVA. In particular, we theoretically investigate the AWVA measurements for GW detection within the frequency band of 200 Hz

⩽

f
g

⩽

800 Hz, considering Gaussian noises with negative-decibel SNRs. The peak response of the AWVA sensitivity

κ
(

f
g

)

occurs at frequency

f

g
,

m
a
x

= 500 Hz, which falls within the frequency band of interest of the current third-generation GW detectors. Our simulation results indicate that AWVA can demonstrate a measurable sensitivity of the autocorrelation coefficient

Θ
(

f
g

)

within the frequency band of interest. Moreover, the robustness of WVA shows promising potential in mitigating the effects of Gaussian noises.
Wigner time delay in photoionization: a 1D model study
Authors: Elghazawy Karim I , Greene Chris H 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In scattering theory, the Wigner–Smith time delay, calculated through a phaseshift derivative or its multichannel generalization, has been demonstrated to measure the amount of delay or advance experienced by colliding particles during their interaction with the scattering potential. Fetic, Becker, and Milosevic argue that this concept cannot be extended to include photoionization, viewed as a half-scattering experiment. Their argument is based on the lack of information about scattering phaseshifts in the part of the wavefunction (satisfying the ingoing-wave boundary condition) going to the detector. This article aims to test this claim by examining a photodetachment process in a simple 1D model with a short-range symmetrical potential. Using time-dependent perturbation theory with a dipole interaction, the relevant wavepacket of the outgoing particle is analyzed and compared to the free wavepacket as a reference. Our findings confirm that, indeed, a time delay arises in the liberated fragmentation wavepacket, which is expressed as an energy derivative of the scattering phaseshift. Our study highlights that the source of the phaseshift content in the wavepacket arriving at the detector is the dipole matrix element, which is a direct consequence of imposing the ingoing-wave boundary condition. We illustrate our results through numerical simulations of both the non-free and free wavepackets. The amount of the observed time delay is found to be half of that appearing in a typical scattering experiment.
A comprehensive dynamic continuous model of piezoelectric stack energy harvesters under arbitrary excitation considering electrodes and protective layers
Authors: Cao Yalei , Wang Jianjun , Liao Yangchao , Tang Lihua 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Piezoelectric stack energy harvesters, by virtue of the higher mechanical-to-electrical energy conversion capability in the d
33 mode, have been used widely in various fields, such as railway system, roadway system, and human motion. Dynamic continuous models (DCMs) of piezoelectric stack energy harvesters can more accurately reflect the electromechanical behavior but are difficult to be established due to complex coupling between layers, particularly in the presence of arbitrary loads. The existing models often only considered harmonic excitations and often ignored electrodes and protective layers for simplicity. This paper proposed a comprehensive DCM of piezoelectric stack energy harvesters considering the electrodes and protective layers, which can be used to study the electromechanical performance of the energy harvester under both harmonic excitation and arbitrary excitation. Comparisons of the developed generic DCM with the analytical model based on piezoelasticity theory (a DCM which only considers the harmonic excitation) and the simplified model (a quasi-static continuous model which ignores inertia force of piezoelectric stack) are presented, with good agreements. Furthermore, the experiment results of two shapes of piezoelectric stacks, including tube and circular, are used to further confirm the reliability of the proposed model. In addition, effects of the electrode and protective layers on the dynamic properties are analyzed and discussed. The results show that the proposed DCM is effective and versatile to guide the design of piezoelectric stack energy harvesters subject to various types of loads.