bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Conflicting constraints on male mating success shape reward size in pollen‐rewarding plants
Authors: Heiling Jacob M. , Irwin Rebecca E. , Morris William F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPremisePollen‐rewarding plants face two conflicting constraints: They must prevent consumptive emasculation while remaining attractive to pollen‐collecting visitors. Small pollen packages (the quantity of pollen available in a single visit) may discourage visitors from grooming (reducing consumptive loss) but may also decrease a plant's attractiveness to pollen‐collecting visitors. What package size best balances these two constraints?MethodsWe modeled the joint effects of pollinators' grooming behaviors and package size preferences on the optimal package size (i.e., the size that maximizes pollen donation). We then used this model to examine Darwin's conjecture that selection should favor increased pollen production in pollen‐rewarding plants.ResultsWhen package size preferences are weak, minimizing package size reduces grooming losses and should be favored (as in previous theoretical studies). Stronger preferences select for larger packages despite the associated increase to grooming loss because loss associated with nonremoval of smaller packages is even greater. Total pollen donation increases with production (as Darwin suggested). However, if floral visitation declines or packages size preference increases with overall pollen availability, the fraction of pollen donated may decline as per‐plant pollen production increases. Hence, increasing production may result in diminishing returns.ConclusionsPollen‐rewarding plants can balance conflicting constraints on pollen donation by producing intermediate‐sized pollen packages. Strictly pollen‐rewarding plants may have responded to past selection to produce more pollen in total, but diminishing returns may limit the strength of that selection.
Ancestry‐related differences in chromatin accessibility and gene expression of APOE ε4 are associated with Alzheimer's disease risk
Authors: Celis Katrina , Moreno Maria D. M. Muniz , Rajabli Farid , Whitehead Patrice , Hamilton‐Nelson Kara , Dykxhoorn Derek M. , Nuytemans Karen , Wang Liyong , Flanagan Margaret , Weintraub Sandra , Geula Changiz , Gearing Marla , Dalgard Clifton L. , Jin Fulai , Bennett David A. , Schuck Theresa , Pericak‐Vance Margaret A. , Griswold Anthony J. , Young Juan I. , Vance Jeffery M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionEuropean local ancestry (ELA) surrounding apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 confers higher risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to African local ancestry (ALA). We demonstrated significantly higher APOE ε4 expression in ELA versus ALA in AD brains from APOE ε4/ε4 carriers. Chromatin accessibility differences could contribute to these expression changes.MethodsWe performed single nuclei assays for transposase accessible chromatin sequencing from the frontal cortex of six ALA and six ELA AD brains, homozygous for local ancestry and APOE ε4.ResultsOur results showed an increased chromatin accessibility at the APOE ε4 promoter area in ELA versus ALA astrocytes. This increased accessibility in ELA astrocytes extended genome wide. Genes with increased accessibility in ELA in astrocytes were enriched for synapsis, cholesterol processing, and astrocyte reactivity.DiscussionOur results suggest that increased chromatin accessibility of APOE ε4 in ELA astrocytes contributes to the observed elevated APOE ε4 expression, corresponding to the increased AD risk in ELA versus ALA APOE ε4/ε4 carriers.
Retracted: A new aquatic beetle (Adephaga: Coptoclavidae) from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou Biota
Authors: Bao Liang , Li Lan , Niu Kecheng , Wang Niya , Kroeck David M. , Bao Tong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTigrivia baii gen. et sp. nov. (Coleoptera: Adephaga: Coptoclavidae) is described and named based on a fossil specimen from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou Biota, Nincheng County, Inner Mongolia of China. The fossil is very similar in morphology with the adult Coptoclava longipoda Ping 1928 (Laiyang Formation of Nanligezhuang Village, Laiyang City, Shandong Province, China, Lower Cretaceous, 121 ~ 120 Ma), but differs from C. longipoda by the adjacencies of two procoxae and two mesocoxae. T. baii gen. et sp. nov. differs from Daohugounectes primitinus Wang et al. 2010 by the absence of striae on the elytra and the absence of ventral eyes under the head. The new beetle species shows developed aquatic adaptions, such as specialized raptorial forelegs, and swimming middle and hind legs. Furthermore, it is speculated to lead a similar lifestyle as extant Dytiscoidae, according to the two eyes on the side of head and the absence of spiracles on ventrites. This new fossil expanded our knowledge of the diversity of the Middle Jurassic Coptoclavid beetles in Daohugou Biota and improved our understanding of their paleoecological significance.
High‐efficiency and multilocus targeted integration in CHO cells using CRISPR‐mediated donor nicking and DNA repair inhibitors
Authors: Hamaker Nathaniel K. , Lee Kelvin H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEfforts to leverage clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR‐associated protein 9 (CRISPR/Cas9) for targeted genomic modifications in mammalian cells are limited by low efficiencies and heterogeneous outcomes. To aid method optimization, we developed an all‐in‐one reporter system, including a novel superfolder orange fluorescent protein (sfOrange), to simultaneously quantify gene disruption, site‐specific integration (SSI), and random integration (RI). SSI strategies that utilize different donor plasmid formats and Cas9 nuclease variants were evaluated for targeting accuracy and efficiency in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Double‐cut and double‐nick donor formats significantly improved targeting accuracy by 2.3–8.3‐fold and 19–22‐fold, respectively, compared to standard circular donors. Notably, Cas9‐mediated donor linearization was associated with increased RI events, whereas donor nicking minimized RI without sacrificing SSI efficiency and avoided low‐fidelity outcomes. A screen of 10 molecules that modulate the major mammalian DNA repair pathways identified two inhibitors that further enhance targeting accuracy and efficiency to achieve SSI in 25% of transfected cells without selection. The optimized methods integrated transgene expression cassettes with 96% efficiency at a single locus and with 53%–55% efficiency at two loci simultaneously in selected clones. The CRISPR‐based tools and methods developed here could inform the use of CRISPR/Cas9 in mammalian cell lines, accelerate mammalian cell line engineering, and support advanced recombinant protein production applications.
Performance of various 3D‐printed monolith geometries as an alternative to expanded bed adsorption for protein purification
Authors: Pei Yuanjun , Feast Sean , Holland Daniel , Fee Conan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHere, we compare the performance of various three‐dimensional‐printed Monolith Adsorption (PMA) columns designed from a triply periodic minimal surface geometry, the Schoen gyroid. The structures examined had designed hydraulic diameters between 203 and 458 µm and voidages of 40%−60%. We compare column efficiency, porosity, static binding capacity and dynamic binding capacity for various load volumes and flow rates. The results show that all structures allowed efficient passage of yeast cells (>97%) over a wide range of interstitial velocities (191 to 1911 cm/h) while maintaining a low pressure drop (<0.1 MPa). The structure with a voidage of 40% and a hydraulic diameter of 203 µm showed the best performance in all aspects evaluated. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) recoveries for all structures (27%−91% when the loaded volume was 180 mL) were significantly affected by hydraulic diameter, mean channel wall thickness, velocity and voidage. Moreover, biomass addition resulted in a decrease in BSA recovery, which became more obvious at high velocities. However, this did not lead to a dramatic reduction in saturated binding capacity, significant changes in axial dispersion, or blockage of channels and could be compensated for by recirculation of the feed, even at high velocity. PMA thus potentially provides an appealing alternative to Expanded Bed Adsorption, retaining the latter's advantages, while eliminating fluidization issues and minimizing both processing time and buffer consumption.
Study on clinical characteristics of event‐related potential P300 in elderly schizophrenics and associated risk factors
Authors: Wu Zhenguo , Zhou Zixuan , Lu Wenting , Liu Lin , Zhu Qifeng , Su Guanli 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the clinical characteristics of event‐related potential P300 in elderly schizophrenics with different levels of violence and the risk factors of severe violence.MethodsA total of 138 elderly schizophrenic patients from January 2020 to December 2021 in the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. Based on the violence risk assessment, 61, 102, and 145 patients were divided into high‐risk, medium‐risk, and low‐risk groups, respectively. Clinical characteristics, P300 latency, and P300 amplitude were compared among the three groups followed by a logistic regression analysis of elderly schizophrenics with severe violence.ResultsThe latency of P300 in the high‐risk group was higher than that in the low‐risk group (p < .05). The P300 amplitude of patients in the high‐risk group was significantly lower than that in the low‐risk group (p < .05). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that previous history of violence, delusion of persecution, P300 latency, and amplitude were independent influencing factors of severe violence in elderly schizophrenics (odds ratio [OR]: 0.022, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.007–0.067, p < .001; OR: 0.118, 95% CI: 0.043–1.763, p = .037; OR: 1.289, 95% CI: 1.142–1.673, p < .001; and OR: 0.049, 95% CI: 0.021–0.067, p < 0.001, respectively). After adjusting gender, age, and other confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that delusion of persecution, P300 latency, and P300 amplitude were associated with severe violence in elderly schizophrenics (OR: 2.211, 95% CI: 0.061–4.067, p < .001; OR: 2.006, 95% CI: 1.421–2.721, p = .017; and OR: 0.067, 95% CI: 0.037–0.276; p < .001; respectively).ConclusionThe latency and amplitude of P300 can be used as effective neuroelectrophysiological indicators to evaluate the violence level of elderly schizophrenics. Delusion of persecution, P300 latency, and P300 amplitude were independent influencing factors of severe violence in elderly schizophrenics.
Acceptability of computerized cognitive training and global cognitive stimulating‐based games delivered remotely: Results from a randomized controlled trial to address cancer and cancer‐related cognitive impairment in breast cancer survivors
Authors: Von Ah Diane , Crouch Adele , Storey Susan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAlthough the cancer‐related cognitive impairment (CRCI) is a common symptom incurred by the breast cancer survivors (BCS), more emphasis is needed in identifying acceptable interventions for survivors.PurposeThe purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to examine the acceptability of cognitive programs by identifying the facilitators and barriers for implementing computerized cognitive training (BrainHQ) and computerized global cognitive stimulating‐based games (e.g., computerized word‐find, puzzles, etc.) comparator delivered remotely to improve CRCI from the perspective of BCS.MethodsBCS (n = 35) who enrolled and completed a randomized controlled trial of computerized cognitive training: 19 cognitive training (BrainHQ) and 16 global cognitive stimulating‐based games (crosswords, puzzles, etc.) were interviewed post‐training. Semi‐structured questions were used, recorded, and transcribed verbatim. Qualitative data were analyzed using standard content analytic procedures for each intervention.ResultsFacilitators of training varied by intervention with cognitive training seen as challenging, engaging, and gave a sense of accomplishment whereas global stimulating games were seen as a way of taking mind off issues, enjoyable, and easy to navigate. Barriers of cognitive training included an awareness of failing whereas global stimulating games were deemed to be too repetitive. Both groups endorsed the convenience/flexibility of online training and common concerns of time constraints and fatigue to complete the training. Each group also provided recommendations for improvement.ConclusionsCognitive training and global stimulating games were generally well received by BCS. Designing more support elements to promote engagement may be key to successful long‐term implementation.
Single‐center study on SARS‐CoV‐2 infection in patients affected by CML: Vaccination status and bosutinib therapy as possible protective factors for hospitalization
Authors: Civettini Ivan , Antolini Laura , Brioschi Filippo , Zambrotta Giovanni Paolo Maria , Guglielmana Veronica , Gambacorti‐Passerini Carlo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionCOVID‐19 pandemic had a considerable impact among haematological patients. On the other hand, the effect of this disease on patients (pts) affected by Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is not clearly defined.ObjectivesThe primary objective of this study was to evaluate mortality‐hospitalization rates and possible protective factors for hospitalization in CML pts affected by COVID.MethodsWe collected data from CML patients followed at our institution whotested positive for SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. The following variables were assessed: demographical data, type of TKI therapy, vaccination status, presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), period of infection, COVID‐19 presenting symptoms, severity and mortality. Data were collected retrospectively and then analysed in univariate and multivariate analysis.ResultsOut of a total of 325 CML pts treated at our institution, we recorded 72 SARS‐CoV‐2pts (22%) who tested positive with a SARS‐CoV‐2 PCR assay. Twenty two were infected in 2020 (30%), 16 patients in 2021 (22%) and 34 in 2022 (46%); with a hospitalization rate of 27%, 25% and 3% respectively. Of the 72 confirmed infections, 13 pts (18%; (CI) 10–28) were asymptomatic and 48 (66%; CI: 55–76) had mild symptoms. A total of 11 pts were admitted to hospital and 3 of these required ICU admission. No deaths were recorded. The probability of hospitalization was significantly reduced if patients were vaccinated (odds ratio OR 0.037 with CI: 0–0.33 p 0.002) or treated with Bosutinib (OR 0.06 with CI: 0–0.5 p 0.008).ConclusionIn the present study, no significant increase in mortality was noted among patients with CML as compared to the general population inItaly. Vaccination and treatment with bosutinib were identified as baseline characteristics that were associated with a decreased risk of hospitalitazion resulting from COVID‐19 infection.
Prognostic assessment in patients operated for brain metastasis from systemic tumors
Authors: Grossenbacher Bettina , Lareida Anna , Moors Selina , Roth Patrick , Kulcsar Zsolt , Regli Luca , Le Rhun Emilie , Weller Michael , Wolpert Fabian 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundEstablished models for prognostic assessment in patients with brain metastasis do not stratify for prior surgery. Here we tested the prognostic accuracy of the Graded Prognostic Assessment (GPA) score model in patients operated for BM and explored further prognostic factors.MethodsWe included 285 patients operated for brain metastasis at the University Hospital Zurich in the analysis. Information on patient characteristics, imaging, staging, peri‐ and postoperative complications and survival were extracted from the files and integrated into a multivariate Cox hazard model.ResultsThe GPA score showed an association with outcome. We further identified residual tumor after surgery (p = 0.007, hazard ratio (HR) 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–2.3) steroid use (p = 0.021, HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1–2.6) and number of extracranial metastasis sites (p = 0.009, HR 1.4, 95% CI 1.1–1.6) at the time of surgery as independent prognostic factors. A trend was observed for postoperative infection of the subarachnoid space (p = 0.102, HR 3.5, 95% CI 0.8–15.7).ConclusionsWe confirm the prognostic capacity of the GPA score in a cohort of operated patients with brain metastasis. However, extent of resection and steroid use provide additional aid for the prognostic assessment in these patients.
Knockdown of kinesin family member 4A inhibits cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while promoting apoptosis of urothelial bladder carcinoma cells
Authors: Zhang Chen , Wang Maoyu , Ying Yidie , Meng Fang , Gao Hongliang , Zeng Shuxiong , Zhu Yasheng , Liu Anwei , Zhang Zhensheng , Xu Chuanliang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundKinesin family member 4A (KIF4A) is upregulated in a variety of cancers. However, its expression and potential downstream targets in urothelial bladder carcinoma (UBC) remain unclear.MethodsExpression data of KIF4A in UBC and noncancerous tissues were downloaded from the GEPIA database. Cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of T24 and 5637 UBC cells were examined using wound healing, transwell, colony formation, CCK‐8, and flow cytometry assays. KIF4A and potential downstream genes were analyzed using qRT‐PCR, western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry.ResultsIn UBC samples, KIF4A expression was significantly higher than in corresponding noncancerous samples. UBC patients with high KIF4A expression had poor cancer‐specific survival and overall survival. Knockdown of KIF4A significantly inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of UBC cells, accompanied by dephosphorylation of AKT and increased the protein level of proapoptotic factors. Additionally, knockdown of KIF4A reduced migration and invasion of UBC cells whereas overexpression of KIF4A exhibited opposite effects, along with altered protein level in epithelial‐mesenchymal transition‐related genes. Furthermore, overexpression of YAP1 promoted KIF4A expression whereas knockdown of YAP1 suppressed KIF4A expression in UBC cells. Alternatively, KIF4A knockdown reduced YAP1 nuclear protein level whereas KIF4A overexpression suppressed YAP1 phosphorylation and facilitated YAP1 nuclear translocation.ConclusionsKIF4A upregulation correlates with poor prognosis of UBC. Knockdown of KIF4A inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion of UBC cells while inducing apoptosis possibly through dephosphorylation of AKT, changes in EMT‐related genes, and interaction with YAP1.
Investigation on the Anticancer and Antibacterial Mechanism of Thiazoline/Imidazoline Derived Palladium(II) Complexes
Authors: Mahanty Susobhan , Sudharsan Murugesan , Suresh Devarajan , Rathinasamy Krishnan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBiological activities of a series of palladium(II) complexes (M1–M9) bearing N∩N, N∩S, and N∩O chelating ligands are reported. The palladium complexes were tested for their cytotoxic properties against human cervical cancer (HeLa) cells and antibacterial activity against Gm+ve and Gm–ve bacteria. Among the palladium complexes studied (M1‐M9), the complex M5, M8, and M9 were found to be more effective in inhibiting the proliferation of HeLa cells. Hence, these complexes were further investigated for their potential role in cellular damage and apoptosis. DCFDA staining, Rhodamine 123 staining and DNA cleavage assay revealed that complex M5, M8 and M9 induced apoptotic cell death in HeLa cells through ROS generation, DNA damage and mitochondrial depolarization. Computational and titration studies also indicated strong electrostatic interaction with DNA groove. Most of the complexes exhibited good antibacterial activity against both Gm+ve and Gm−ve bacteria. The antibacterial activity of the compounds could not be correlated with their anticancer activity indicating a differential mechanism at their effective concentrations. The detailed study on the antibacterial mechanism of the most potent complex M7 revealed that it exerted its antibacterial activity by inhibiting the function of FtsZ and perturbing the localization of the Z‐ring at the mid cell.
Synthesis of 1,6/7‐(NO2)2‐Perylenediimide and 1,6/7‐(NH2)2‐Perylenediimide as Regioisomerically Pure Materials**
Authors: Gapin Adèle , David Arthur H. G. , Allain Magali , Masson Dorian , Alévêque Olivier , Ave Thomas , Le Bras Laura , Hudhomme Piétrick , Goujon Antoine 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe use of perylenediimide (PDI) building blocks in materials for organic electronic is of considerable interest. This popular n‐type organic semiconductor is tuned by introducing peripheral groups in their ortho and bay positions. Such modifications radically alter their optoelectronic properties. In this article, we describe an efficient method to afford regioisomerically pure 1,6/7‐(NO2)2‐ and (NH2)2‐PDIs employing two key steps: the selective crystallization of 1,6‐(NO2)2‐perylene‐3,4,9,10‐tetracarboxy tetrabutylester and the nitration of regiopure 1,7‐Br2‐PDI with silver nitrite. The optoelectronic properties of the resulting regioisomerically pure dinitro, diamino‐PDIs and bisazacoronenediimides (BACDs) are reported and demonstrate the need to separate both regioisomers of such n‐type organic semiconductors for their inclusion in advanced optoelectronic devices. For the first time, the two regioisomers of the same PDI starting material are available on the multigram scale, which will stimulate the exploration of regioisomerism/properties relationship for this family of dyes.
Efficient and Low‐Impact Acetalization Reactions in Deep Eutectic Solvents
Authors: Arnodo Davide , Meazzo Carolina , Baldino Salvatore , Blangetti Marco , Prandi Cristina 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe synthesis of acetals in acidic natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), in which the solvent itself participates in the catalytic promotion of the reaction, is reported herein. The reaction is performed under feasible conditions, open air, without the need of external additives, catalysts or water‐removing techniques, and it is wide in scope. The products are easily recovered, and the reaction medium is fully recycled and reused without weakening of its catalytic activity after 10 times. Remarkably, the entire process has been realized on gram scale.