bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dissecting the role of cancer‐associated fibroblast‐derived biglycan as a potential therapeutic target in immunotherapy resistance: A tumor bulk and single‐cell transcriptomic study
Authors: Zheng Shaoquan , Liang Jie‐Ying , Tang Yuhui , Xie Jindong , Zou Yutian , Yang Anli , Shao Nan , Kuang Xiaying , Ji Fei , Liu Xuefeng , Tian Wenwen , Xiao Weikai , Lin Ying 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionCancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are correlated with the immunotherapy response. However, the culprits that link CAFs to immunotherapy resistance are still rarely investigated in real‐world studies.ObjectivesThis study aims to systematically assess the landscape of fibroblasts in cancer patients by combining single‐cell and bulk profiling data from pan‐cancer cohorts. We further sought to decipher the expression, survival predictive value and association with immunotherapy response of biglycan (BGN), a proteoglycan in the extracellular matrix, in multiple cohorts.MethodsPan‐cancer tumor bulks and 27 single‐cell RNA sequencing cohorts were enrolled to investigate the correlations and crosstalk between CAFs and tumor or immune cells. Specific secreting factors of CAFs were then identified by expression profiling at tissue microdissection, isolated primary fibroblasts and single‐cell level. The role of BGN was further dissected in additional three bulk and five single‐cell profiling datasets from immunotherapy cohorts and validated in real‐world patients who have received PD‐1 blockade using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence.ResultsCAFs were closely correlated with immune components. Frequent crosstalk between CAFs and other cells was revealed by the CellChat analysis. Single‐cell regulatory network inference and clustering identified common and distinct regulators for CAFs across cancers. The BGN was determined to be a specific secreting factor of CAFs. The BGN served as an unfavourable indicator for overall survival and immunotherapy response. In the real‐world immunotherapy cohort, patients with high BGN levels presented a higher proportion of poor response compared with those with low BGN (46.7% vs. 11.8%) and a lower level of infiltrating CD8+ T cells was also observed.ConclusionsWe highlighted the importance of CAFs in the tumor microenvironment and revealed that the BGN, which is mainly derived from CAFs, may be applicable in clinical practice and serve as a therapeutic target in immunotherapy resistance.
Increased IFN‐γ+ and TNF‐α+ mucosal‐associated invariant T cells in patients with aplastic anemia
Authors: Chen Xiaohui , Zhang Yuping , Zhang Yikai , Zhang Yue , Wang Shunqing , Yu Zhi , Liu Xiaoen , Huang Guixuan , Guo Lixing , Li Xueqin , Zha Xianfeng , Li Yangqiu , Li Bo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundAplastic anemia (AA) is known as an autoimmune disease in which T cell activation is aberrant. It has been reported that unconventional T cells, mucosal‐associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, play an important role in several autoimmune diseases, but it is unclear if they are involved in AA.MethodsIn this study, we for the first time analyzed the proportions, phenotypes, and cytokine properties of MAIT cells in AA by flow cytometry.ResultsWe found that the percentage of circulating MAIT cells was generally higher for CD3+, CD8+, and CD8− T cells in AA patients compared with healthy individuals. Moreover, the percentage of IL‐18Rα‐, NKG2D‐, IFN‐γ‐, and TNF‐α‐ positive MAIT cells was also significantly higher in AA patients. In addition, the percentage of IFN‐γ+ CD3+ or TNF‐α+CD8− MAIT cells had a significant negative correlation with the absolute neutrophil count.ConclusionsWe present the first observation of MAIT cells in patients with AA. MAIT cells are associated with a higher frequency of IFN‐γ and TNF‐α production and may contribute to the pathogenesis of AA.
A novel method of improving energy efficient QoS in FANET using Correlation And Confidence Based Gradient Clustering Metric approach
Authors: Abbas Ali Farithkhan , Erode Dhanapal Kanmani Ruby 
Published: February 2023

SummaryFlying Ad‐hoc Networks (FANETs) being the most popular wing of the research in recent time had many evolutions to cope up with the growing demands in defense and other civil applications. Limited number of nodes, limited source of energy and increased mobility of the drones were the major problems to be addressed while building an effective FANET. Drones were aerial‐nodes that are driver‐less; their actions were prescribed by means of algorithms devoid of some human relations and could be easily deployed in the system. Hence this article aims to propose a novel framework to improvise the energy efficiency of FANET through Correlation and Confidence based Gradient Clustering Metric (CC‐GCM) approach in the clustering algorithm. The results obtained through the proposed model are proven to be outstanding by producing an improvised performance efficiency and augmented energy efficiency. This article also involves a comparative study of the performance attributes with the existing models with tabulated values and graphs in terms of energy consumption, average end‐to‐end delay, cluster building time, average cluster life time, and Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR).
Coumarin derivatives with potential anticancer and antibacterial activity: Design, synthesis, VEGFR‐2 and DNA gyrase inhibition, and in silico studies
Authors: Emam Soha H. , Hassan Rasha A. , Osman Eman O. , Hamed Mohammed I. A. , Abdou Amr M. , Kandil Mai M. , Elbaz Eman Maher , Mikhail Demiana S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractA series of coumarin derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their antiproliferative activity. Compound 3e exhibited significant antiproliferative activity and was further evaluated at five doses at the National Cancer Institute. It effectively inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor receptor‐2 (VEGFR‐2) with an IC50 value of 0.082 ± 0.004 µM compared with sorafenib. While compound 3e significantly downregulated total VEGFR‐2 and its phosphorylation, it markedly reduced the HUVEC's migratory potential, resulting in a significant disruption in wound healing. Furthermore, compound 3e caused a 22.51‐fold increment in total apoptotic level in leukemia cell line HL‐60(TB) and a 6.91‐fold increase in the caspase‐3 level. Compound 3e also caused cell cycle arrest, mostly at the G1/S phase. Antibacterial activity was evaluated against Gram‐positive a70am‐negative bacterial strains. Compound 3b was the most active derivative, with the same minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration value of 128 μg/mL against K. pneumonia and high stability in mammalian plasma. Moreover, compounds 3b and 3f inhibited Gram‐negative DNA gyrase with IC50 = 0.73 ± 0.05 and 1.13 ± 0.07 µM, respectively, compared to novobiocin with an IC50 value of 0.17 ± 0.02 µM. The binding affinity and pattern of derivative 3e toward the VEGFR‐2 active site and compounds 3a–c and 3f in the DNA gyrase active site were evaluated using molecular modeling. Overall, ADME studies of the synthesized coumarin derivatives displayed promising pharmacokinetic properties.
Immigration as the main driver of population dynamics in a cryptic cetacean
Authors: Tenan Simone , Moulins Aurelie , Tepsich Paola , Bocconcelli Alessandro , Verga Alessandro , Ballardini Marco , Nani Barbara , Papi Daniela , Motta Gabriella , Aguilar Ana Sanz , Rosso Massimiliano 
Published: February 2023

AbstractEmpirical evidence about the role and interaction of immigration with local demographic processes in shaping population dynamics is still scarce. This knowledge gap limits our capability to derive a conceptual framework that can be used to inform conservation actions. Populations exposed to nonstationary environment do not converge to a stable stage distribution, implying the need for evaluating the demographic role of both vital rates and stage distribution using appropriate tools. This is particularly important for species with larger generation times like cetaceans. We explored the relative demographic role of vital rates and population structure of a poorly known cetacean, the Mediterranean Cuvier's beaked whale, while accounting for the exposure to nonstationary environments. We performed a retrospective analysis through transient life table response experiments (tLTRE) using demographic rates and population structure of both sexes obtained from an integrated population model. The contribution of immigration to variation in realized population growth rates was 4.2, 7.6, and 12.7 times larger than that of female apparent survival, proportional abundance of breeding females with a 2‐year‐old calf, and proportional abundance of breeding females with a 3‐year‐old calf, respectively. Immigration rate and proportional abundance of breeding females with a 2‐ or 3‐year‐old calf explained, respectively, 65% and 20% of total temporal variability in realized population growth rates. Changes in realized population growth rate between successive years were mainly driven by changes in immigration and population structure, specifically the proportional abundance of breeding females with a 2‐year‐old calf. Our study provides insight into the demographic processes that affect population dynamics and in a cryptic cetacean. We presented an analytical approach for maximizing the use of available data through the integration of multiple sources of information for individuals of different distinctiveness levels.
Sampling from commercial vessel routes can capture marine biodiversity distributions effectively
Authors: Boyse Elizabeth , Beger Maria , Valsecchi Elena , Goodman Simon J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCollecting fine‐scale occurrence data for marine species across large spatial scales is logistically challenging but is important to determine species distributions and for conservation planning. Inaccurate descriptions of species ranges could result in designating protected areas with inappropriate locations or boundaries. Optimizing sampling strategies therefore is a priority for scaling up survey approaches using tools such as environmental DNA (eDNA) to capture species distributions. In a marine context, commercial vessels, such as ferries, could provide sampling platforms allowing access to undersampled areas and repeatable sampling over time to track community changes. However, sample collection from commercial vessels could be biased and may not represent biological and environmental variability. Here, we evaluate whether sampling along Mediterranean ferry routes can yield unbiased biodiversity survey outcomes, based on perfect knowledge from a stacked species distribution model (SSDM) of marine megafauna derived from online data repositories. Simulations to allocate sampling point locations were carried out representing different sampling strategies (random vs regular), frames (ferry routes vs unconstrained), and number of sampling points. SSDMs were remade from different sampling simulations and compared with the “perfect knowledge” SSDM to quantify the bias associated with different sampling strategies. Ferry routes detected more species and were able to recover known patterns in species richness at smaller sample sizes better than unconstrained sampling points. However, to minimize potential bias, ferry routes should be chosen to cover the variability in species composition and its environmental predictors in the SSDMs. The workflow presented here can be used to design effective sampling strategies using commercial vessel routes globally for eDNA and other biodiversity survey techniques. This approach has potential to provide a cost‐effective method to access remote oceanic areas on a regular basis and can recover meaningful data on spatiotemporal biodiversity patterns.
Three‐phase wireless power supply system using a matrix converter
Authors: Yamanokuchi Koki , Kusaka Keisuke , Itoh Jun‐Ichi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a three‐phase wireless power transfer (WPT) system with a three‐phase‐to‐three‐phase matrix converter. The proposed system directly converts power from an AC grid to high‐frequency AC for WPT. The three‐phase WPT system with the matrix converter is effectively expands the lifetime of the WPT system. A novel hybrid commutation method, which is suitable for the WPT system with a resonant characteristic, is proposed to avoid the commutation failure of the matrix converter. The strategy of the proposed hybrid commutation is based on an estimation of the current direction considering the resonant characteristics and elimination of commutation in the critical area. The proposed commutation method achieves an AC input‐current total harmonic distortion (THD) of 4.7% with the resonant three‐phase load without a current sensor on the high‐frequency side. Furthermore, the proposed WPT system achieves a system efficiency of 88.2% at a load of 4 kW.
Source–sink dynamics within a complex life history
Authors: Lowe Winsor H. , Addis Brett R. , Cochrane Madaline M. , Swartz Leah K. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSource–sink patch dynamics occur when movement from sources stabilizes sinks by compensating for low local vital rates. The mechanisms underlying source–sink dynamics may be complicated in species that undergo transitions between discrete life stages, particularly when stages have overlapping habitat requirements and similar movement abilities. In these species, for example, the demographic effects of movement by one stage may augment or offset the effects of movement by another stage. We used a stream salamander system to investigate patch dynamics within this form of complex life history. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that the salamander Gyrinophilus porphyriticus experiences source–sink dynamics in riffles and pools, the dominant geomorphic patch types in headwater streams. We estimated stage‐specific survival probabilities in riffles and pools and stage‐specific movement probabilities between the two patch types using 8 years of capture–recapture data on 4491 individuals, including premetamorphic larvae and postmetamorphic adults. We then incorporated survival and movement probabilities into a stage‐structured, two‐patch model to determine the demographic interactions between riffles and pools. Monthly survival probabilities of both stages were higher in pools than in riffles. Larvae were more likely to move from riffles to pools, but adults were more likely to move from pools to riffles, despite experiencing much lower survival in riffles. In simulations, eliminating interpatch movements by both stages indicated that riffles are sinks that rely on immigration from pools for stability. Allowing only larvae to move stabilized both patch types, but allowing only adults to move destabilized pools due to the demographic cost of adult emigration. These results indicated that larval movement not only stabilizes riffles, but also offsets the destabilizing effects of maladaptive adult movement. Similar patch dynamics may emerge in any structured population in which movement and local vital rates differ by age, size, or stage. Addressing these forms of internal demographic structure in patch dynamics analyses will help to refine and advance general understanding of spatial ecology.
Quality evaluation of frozen and chilled fish: A review
Authors: Walayat Noman , Tang Wei , Wang Xinping , Yi Minghua , Guo Li , Ding Yuting , Liu Jianhua , Ahmad Ishtiaq , Ranjha Muhammad M. A. N. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAs fish is a perishable food item, multiple storage approaches need be considered to extend its shelf‐life, safety, and quality. Despite advancements in modern frozen storage techniques, chilling and freezing remain the most frequently employed preservation practices onboard. The purpose of this review is to outline ways of increasing the shelf‐life of fresh and frozen fish by assessing different conventional chilling and freezing conditions. Although there are additional elements that determine fish shelf‐life, such as the fish species, harvesting method, stress experienced after being captured, amount of ice, frozen storage temperature, and time are some of the most important factors. Furthermore, the way that fish is stored (whole, filleted, or gutted) influences the final product quality. Most studies show that the entire chilled or frozen fish has a longer shelf life as compared to the gutted and filleted fish. But other facts about the species, the way it is caught, and how it gets to preparedness at industries must be taken into account if the shelf life is to be extended. Meanwhile, this review could be helpful for the prolonged shelf‐life and quality at the industrial scale and household storage.
Synthesis, Structure and Light‐Driven H2 Production of a {Ti21} Titanium‐Oxo Cluster Featuring Pentagonal {Ti(Ti5)} Motifs
Authors: Song Yan , Liu Shi‐Yi , Li Cai‐Hong , Chen Wei‐Chao , Shao Kui‐Zhan , Qin Chao , Wang Xin‐Long , Su Zhong‐Min 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPentagonal {Ti(Ti5)} motifs play a crucial role during the assembly of novel titanium‐oxide clusters (TOCs), whose development is still in its infancy. In this work, an unprecedented TOC [(CH3)2NH2]2[Ti21O29(OiPr)12(DMF)6(SO4)8] ({Ti21}) based on {Ti(Ti5)} motifs had been obtained under hydrothermal conditions. It possesses ‘fused’ dimeric {Ti11} as well as trimeric {Ti12} subunits featuring unexpected bonding modes based on pentagonal {Ti(Ti5)} motifs. Furthermore, {Ti21} exhibits good water and solvent tolerance. As an atomically precise TOCs‐based semiconductor photocatalyst, {Ti21} exhibits appreciable photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity with an optimal hydrogen generation rate of 191.94 μmol/g/h under UV/Vis light. This work provides significant advances and favorable models for the further synthesis of TOCs with unique structure and functionality.
Miniaturized surface engineered technologies for multiplex biosensing devices
Authors: Ranjan Srivastava Vinish , Kumari Rohini , Chandra Pranjal 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe demand for quick, accurate, and affordable point‐of‐care (POC) devices increases with the advancement in the dimensions of nanotechnology and digital interfaces (Internet of Things). The future of diagnostic requires the platform which can provide us the following benefits i. e., on‐site detection, qualitative as well as quantitative analysis, easy to use, portable, low sample requirement, cost‐effective, and have multiplexing proficiency. Multiplex biosensing platforms (MBPs) have the above following advantages so are going to be mostly used in various healthcare applications in near future. MBPs have the potential to fulfill the ‘ASSURED’ criteria specified by the World Health Organization (WHO) for remote‐limited settings. This review paper focuses on miniaturized platforms that have multiplexing benefits for the bioanalysis of different clinical samples related to various healthcare applications. In addition to this, screening of pesticides, antibiotics, and hazardous metal ions with these surface‐engineered devices has also been accounted in food and environmental samples. Some of the advanced techniques including microfluidics (Lab‐on‐a‐chip), wearable smart devices, and CRISPR/Cas system for multiplexing applications are briefly described here. Furthermore, various needs, challenges, and prospects in commercializing these multiplexed surface‐engineered devices have been discussed in this review.
Smooth copula‐based generalized extreme value model and spatial interpolation for extreme rainfall in Central Eastern Canada
Authors: Palacios‐Rodriguez Fatima , Bernardino Elena Di , Mailhot Melina 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a smooth copula‐based Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) model to map and predict extreme rainfall in Central Eastern Canada. The considered data contains a large portion of missing values, and one observes several nonconcomitant record periods at different stations. The proposed two‐step approach combines GEV parameters' smooth functions in space through the use of spatial covariates and a flexible hierarchical copula‐based model to take into account dependence between the recording stations. The hierarchical copula structure is detected via a clustering algorithm implemented with an adapted version of the copula‐based dissimilarity measure recently introduced in the literature. Finally, we compare the classical GEV parameter interpolation approaches with the proposed smooth copula‐based GEV modeling approach.
Seismic response of column supported tanks considering uplift effect and soil‐structure interaction
Authors: Liu Jiepeng , Zhao Ming , Zhou Junwen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the seismic responses of column supported tanks under horizontal earthquake are obtained by finite element method. Two types of structures are discussed including the anchored tank with columns fixed on the ground and the resilient tank whose columns can uplift. The uplift effect is realized by the contact algorithm to allow the column move upwards in a vertical direction and the soil‐structure interaction (SSI) is considered by equivalent soil springs. Different soil types and hard ground condition are adopted to study SSI effect on natural frequencies of tanks and seismic responses of the anchored tank, as well as coupling effect (both uplift and SSI effects) on seismic responses of the resilient tank. The structural displacement and acceleration, the stress of tank walls and columns, the base shear and the overturning moment, the uplift displacement of columns are discussed. The results of tanks in different conditions are compared with each other, which show that SSI has a significant impact on seismic responses of column supported tanks. As the stiffness of soil decreases, the tank has larger displacement, smaller natural frequency, and stress level of structural members especially when it is sited on softer soil type. Compared to the anchored tank, due to the combination of both uplift effect and foundation deformation, the resilient tank has smaller displacement to prevent its overall collapse and lower responses such as the base shear and the overturning moment. The resilient tank has better seismic performances regardless of soil conditions.
Continuous adjoint‐based shape optimization of a turbomachinery stage using a 3D volumetric parameterization
Authors: Trompoukis X. S. , Tsiakas K. T. , Asouti V. G. , Giannakoglou K. C. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis work presents a novel volumetric parameterization technique along with the continuous adjoint method to support gradient‐based CFD shape optimization of turbomachinery stages. The proposed parameterization retains axisymmetry and periodicity by acting on a transformed coordinate system. The same volumetric model controls the shape and the computational volume mesh in a seamless manner, avoiding the additional use of a mesh deformation tool. Moreover, it is differentiated to compute mesh sensitivities (i.e., derivatives of nodal coordinates with respect to the design variables) and is combined with the flow and continuous adjoint, multi‐row solvers of the in‐house PUMA software. Flow field solutions in successive rows communicate based on the mixing plane approach; the development of continuous adjoint to the latter is also presented in this article. The adjoint to the turbulence model and distance‐from‐the‐wall (Hamilton–Jacobi) equations are solved, increasing the accuracy of the computed sensitivity derivatives. All these tools run on modern GPUs, accelerating both flow/adjoint solutions and shape/mesh manipulations. The capabilities of these tools are demonstrated in the shape optimization of the rotor blades of the MT1 high‐pressure, transonic, turbine stage, aiming at maximum stage isentropic efficiency with constraints on stage reaction and inlet capacity.