bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Establishment and validation of nomogram models for overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) of patients with spindle cell sarcoma (SCS): A SEER database analysis.
Authors: qi weihui , Ren Yanyun , Wang Huang , Wang Dong , Wan yue , Yao Jun , Pan Hao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Spindle cell sarcoma (SCS) is rare in clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to establish the nomograms to predict the OS and CSS prognosis of patients with SCS based on the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database.
Methods
The data of patients with SCS were extracted from the SEER database between 2004 and 2020, and randomly allocated to the training cohort and validation cohort. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis are used to screen for independent risk factors both in overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). Nomograms for OS and CSS were established for patients with SCS based on the results of multivariate cox analysis. Then we validated the nomograms by Concordance index (C-index), receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Finally, the Kaplan-Meier curve and log-rank test were performed to compare between the patients with SCS in three different levels and different treatment groups.
Results
A total 1369 patients with SCS were included and randomly divided into the training cohort (n = 961, 70%) and validation cohort (n = 408, 30%). Age, M, tumor size, tumor location, surgery and radiation were independent prognostic factors for OS, while Age, N, M, tumor size, tumor location and surgery for CSS by Cox regression analysis. The nomogram models were established based on the result of the Multiple Cox analysis both in OS and CSS. The C-index of the OS model was 0.79 and 0.77 in the training and validation group, while 0.80 and 0.78 for CSS. The 3/5-year AUCs were 0.817 and 0.824 for the training group and 0.798 and 0.792 for the validation group for OS, while 0.829 and 0.831 in the training group, 0.814 and 0.791 in the validation group for CSS. calibration curves showed high consistencies between the observed survival and the predicted survival both in OS and CSS. In addition, DCA analyzed the clinical practicality of OS and CSS nomogram models have good net benefit.
Conclusion
The two nomograms we have established are expected to accurately predicting personalized prognosis of SCS patients, which may beneficial for clinical decision-making.
High Gain 2X2 Planar Array Antenna for 5G Applications at 3.6GHz
Authors: Mondir Anouar , Setti Larbi , Ennasar Mohammed ali , Figuigue Mustapha 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

In this study, we propose the design of an antenna array applicable to fifth-generation (5G) smartphones. The proposed antenna structure consists of a 2 x 2 patch antenna. The proposed antenna has a small size of 106.07 x 106.07mm2and is printed on an FR-4 substrate. It has good radiation efficiency in the 3.6 GHz band and a high gain of 10.6 dB. The bandwidth of the proposed antenna, which is useful for 5G applications, is approximately 0.38 GHz (3.877 - 3.295 GHz) and includes the allocated band from (3400 MHz to 3600 MHz) for 5G cellular communication systems. The objective of this work is to characterise a new antenna using the wave concept iterative procedure (WCIP), a fast numerical method, and validation is carried out by comparison using finite integration techniques (FIT). The results obtained from the two methods are in close agreement, validating the design concept. Thanks to its simple structure, compact size, good radiation performance and ease of manufacture and integration with application-specific printed circuit boards, this antenna is suitable for 5G applications. The structure was created and examined using a Keysight PNA network analyser to demonstrate its effectiveness and compliance. The prototype antenna shown is tested and the measured results are in good agreement with the WCIP method.
Test Set Sizing Via Random Matrix Theory
Authors: Dubbs Alexander 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
This paper uses techniques from Random Matrix Theory to find the ideal training-testing data split for a simple linear regression with m data points, each an independent n-dimensional multivariate Gaussian. It defines ``ideal'' as satisfying the Integrity Metric, i.e. the empirical model error is the actual measurement noise, and thus fairly reflects the value or lack of same of the model. This paper is the first to solve for the training and test set sizes for any model in a way that is truly optimal. The number of data points in the training set is the root of a quartic polynomial Theorem 1 derives which depends only on m and n; the covariance matrix of the multivariate Gaussian, the true model parameters, and the true measurement noise drop out of the calculations. The critical mathematical difficulties were realizing that the problems herein were discussed in the context of the Jacobi Ensemble, a probability distribution describing the eigenvalues of a known random matrix model, and evaluating a new integral in the style of Selberg and Aomoto. Mathematical results are supported with thorough computational evidence. This paper is a step towards automatic choices of training/test set sizes in machine learning.
ELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY - TOMOGRAPHY STUDIES IN DETERMINING SHALLOW AQUIFER POTENTIAL ZONES A CASE STUDY IN DIFFERENT TERRAINS
Authors: Arumugam Sivakumar , H Mohamed Abdul Kadar Prabhu , Balu Gowtham 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The study documents the effectiveness of 2 D (Two Dimensional Electrical Resistivity Survey (Tomography) to map shallow subsurface geological formations namely recent Alluvium, Gondwana deposits and hard rock deposits. 2 dimensional Electrical Resistivity Survey (or tomography) was conducted at 2 locations at Valarpuram and one location Madurantakam areas. Gondwana deposits mask Valarpuram Thandalam, villages (at Kancheepuram District, Tamilnadu). To the east of Valarpuram alluvium thickness increases at shallow depths. Weathered and hard granitic gneiss and hard charnockite rocks overlie topsoil in Madurantakam areas (Chengalpettu District, Tamilandu). The survey was conducted to 12 m depth to decipher shallow permeable zones. Gondwana formations consisting of clays, siltstones are predominant in Valarpuram Thandalam and surrounding areas. Hard rock formations are found in Madurantakam areas. 2 Dimensional Resistivity Survey results indicate 2-D sections with very low resistivity values in the range of 2 to 4 ohm-m in Valarpuram Thandalam areas indicating predominant clay deposits with poor ground water potential. To the east of Valarpuram Thandalam resistivity data is of moderately higher value indicating sand deposits at shallow depths. These are ideal locations for dug wells. Low to moderate values at shallow depths indicating weathered thickness up to 12 m are observed at Madurantakam location. From 12m depth steep rise in resistivity values are observed in hard indicating presence of massive rock from 12m depth and below areas. Thus, 2 D Resistivity Imaging Technique are helpful in delineating shallow aquifer potential and this in turn helps in deciding the depth of open wells with high precision.
A rare istopathological diagnosis: Endometrioid adenocarcinoma localized in the rectum. A case report.
Authors: Pace Marco , Carillo Giovanna , Paolo Marco Di Giovan , Stipa Francesco 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction: Endometriosis-associated intestinal tumours represent the malignant trasformation of gastrointestinal endometriosis. Clinical features are similar to a colon tumor with abdominal or pelvic pain, dyschezia or bloody stools. Intestinal occlusion or perforation have also been described as a first presentation. The diagnosis is often postoperative and it is based on specific immunohistochemical patterns (CK7+/CK20-). Case presentation: In this article we present a rare case of a woman with a malignant trasformation of an endometriotic lesion of the sigmoid colon, who underwent emergency surgery for intestinal occlusion. She underwent an exploratory laparotomy and Hartmann resection. The immunophenotypic analysis of the specimens revealed the following pattern: CK20-, CK7+, compatible with the diagnosis of endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Conclusions: Endometrioid carcinoma is a rare tumor, difficult to diagnose preoperatively because clinically it presents with symptoms similar to those of patients with sigmoid adenocarcinoma. A high index of suspicion in conjunction with careful histological and immunohistochemical examination (CK7, CK20, CDX2, CD10, ER, and PR) is important for establishing a correct diagnosis.
Impact of computer-assisted implantology on bone resorption and papilla height: Long-term implant success over a 3- to 10-year follow-up period
Authors: Nilius Manfred , Nilius Minou Hélène , Lauer Guenter 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives: Backward planning based on digital volume tomography, augmentation before implantation, and navigated implant insertion may enhance long-term implant success; however, long-term clinical data to support this claim are lacking. Additionally, whether the claim holds true for each type of prosthetic restoration, and whether the type of prosthetic restoration has a significant impact on implant success, remains unclear.
The purpose is to estimate the long-term implant success and two additional scores (peri-implant bone level and gingival papillae height) as a function of the application and manner of computer-assisted implantology.
Material and Methods. A total of 1437 implants placed in 317 patients were retrospectively analyzed by examining the digital patient records from May 2009 to May 2021, allowing for a 3-year to 10-year follow-up of individual patients. The influence of the planning method, implantation protocol, and prosthetic restoration on the long-term success was evaluated using the Walton criteria.
Results. Extended backward planning, including 3D radiographs, resulted in more stable long-term bone and papilla conditions for implants placed in previously augmented areas.
Conclusions. Extended backward planning (augmentation of the implant site and navigated insertion of the implant) correlates with long-term implant success.
Clinical Relevance
In the context of this study, various clinical parameters had no significant influence on long-term implant success. However, the influence may be enhanced by extended backward planning followed by augmentation and guided implant placement.
Ion release and apatite formation of resin-based pit and fissure sealants containing 45S5 bioactive glass
Authors: Choi Ji-Won , Han A-Ruem , Yang Song-Yi 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objectives.
The objective of this study was to develop a resin-based pit and fissure sealant incorporating 45S5 bioactive glass (BAG), which exhibits a self-marginal sealing potential by forming hydroxyapatite, and to assess its chemical properties and apatite formation.
Materials and Methods.
Experimental materials were prepared by adding 45S5 BAG to the resin matrix at concentrations of 0 (control), 12.5, 37.5, and 50 wt.%. Ion release, pH variation, and apatite formation (raman spectrometer and scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry measurements) were analyzed.
Results.
The control group did not release any ions, while the experimental groups showed an increased release of Ca and P ions with higher concentrations of 45S5 BAG. The pH of the experimental groups remained consistently high. The 50 wt.% BAG group exhibited the formation of apatite peaks for a duration of 90 days. Additionally, a layer of apatite composed of Ca and P was precipitated on the surface and cross-section.
Conclusions.
This study suggests that a resin-based pit and fissure sealant containing 45S5 BAG can self-seal under microleakage between the tooth and restorative material. Therefore, the results of this study provide fundamental information that will be useful for the future development of resin-based pit and fissure sealants with long-term self-healing effects.
Clinical Relevance.
The resin-based pit and fissure sealant containing 45S5 BAG is a promising material for its apatite-forming ability for enamel remineralization.
Calf Circumference and Ishii Score Chart in Predicting Sarcopenia in Multiple Ethnic Chinese Adults - Results from West China Health and Aging Trend Study
Authors: Luo Shuyue , Chen Xiaoyan , Hou Lisha , Yue Jirong , Liu Xiaolei , Xia Xin , Cao Li , Dong Birong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective: The study aims at studying the accuracy of the calf circumference (CC) and Ishii score chart to predict sarcopenia among multiple ethnic grownups.
Methods: The current study was a cross-sectional study. The study included adults aged 50 years and above. The patients were part of the West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study. Sarcopenia was diagnosed following the references to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 guidelines. The Ishii score chart and CC set the incidence rate. The comparison between the two for predicting sarcopenia was made by comparing their sensitivity and specificity by measuring the positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV), as well as the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).
Results: 4177 people (50 years and older) were retrieved from the study. 2668 (63.9%) were females, and 1509 (36.1%) were males. The general occurrence of age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass was 22.6%, while the estimated incidence in men was 27% and 20.2% in women. Sarcopenia prediction by the CC and the Ishii test demonstrated the following ratios of their sensitivity and NPVs: 74.76%/0.9 and 75.49%/0.89, respectively, in men and 78.25%/ 0.94 and 65.24%/0.9, in women. In men, the measured values of AUCs of the CC and Ishii test were 0.852 (95% CI, 0.83-0.873) and 0.805 (95% CI, 0.781-0.829). In women, AUCs of the two tests were 0.882 (95% CI, 0.865-0.898) and 0.806 (95% CI, 0.787-0.825), respectively.
Conclusion: Both CC and Ishii score charts were proven appropriate for predicting sarcopenia in multiple ethnic middle-aged community older adults. The comparison between the two sarcopenia diagnostic tools presented CC as more applicable.
Bioethanol production from sugarcane molasses by co-fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae TA2 and Wickerhamomyces anomalus HCJ2F-19
Authors: Hawaz Estifanos , Tafesse Mesfin , Tesfaye Anteneh , Kiros Solomon , Beyene Dereje , Kebede Gessese , Boekhout Teun , Marizeth Groenewald , Theelen Bart , Degefe Ayantu , Degu Sisay , Admasu Alene , Hunde Biru , Muleta Diriba 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Co-culturing of stress-tolerant fermenting yeasts is a widely used method to improve bioethanol production from biomass enriched in fermentable sugars. This study aims to produce bioethanol from sugarcane molasses by simultaneous co-fermentation of S. cerevisiae isolate TA2 and W. anomalus isolate HCJ2F-19.
Method
Response surface methodology (RSM) based on the central composite design (CCD) was employed to optimize fermentation conditions, including mixing rate (110–150 rpm), temperature (25–35 oC), molasses concentration (25–35 obrix), and incubation time (36–72 h). The ethanol concentration was analyzed using HPLC equipped with a UV detector.
Results
The mono-culture, S. cerevisiae TA2 produces 17.2 g.L− 1 of ethanol, 0.33 g.g− 1 of ethanol yield, and 0.36 g.L− 1.h− 1 of productivity compared to W. anomalus HCJ2F which produces 14.5 g.L− 1, 0.30 g.g− 1 and 0.28 g.L− 1.h− 1 ethanol, ethanol yield, and productivity under laboratory conditions, respectively. In comparison to single cultures of S. cerevisiae TA2, and W. anomalus HCJ2F, the co-fermentation showed an increased ethanol yield of 29% and 53% compared to the single species fermentations, respectively. The results showed that the growth of W. anomalus HCJ2F-19 and S. cerevisiae TA2 was not influenced by each other during the co-fermentation process. The one variable at a time optimization (OVAT) demonstrated an ethanol concentration of 26.5 g.L− 1 with a specific yield and productivity of 0.46 g.g− 1, 0.55 g.L− 1.h− 1, respectively, at pH 5.5, 25 obrix, 48 h, 150 rpm, 30oC, 60:40 inoculum ratio, and 10% overall inoculum size. The maximum ethanol concentration of 35.5 g.L− 1 was obtained by co-fermentation using the RSM-CCD tool at 30 obrix, 30oC, 54 h, and 130 rpm.
Conclusion
The results suggested that the co-fermentation of S. cerevisiae TA2 and W. anomalus HCJ2F improves bioethanol production under optimum fermentation conditions.
Suicidal behaviour among youngsters in a suicide low- incidence population – a faroese paradox
Authors: Johannesen Símun , Weihe Pál , Wang August G. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Objective/background: Faroe Islands is a country in North Atlantic with about 53,000 inhabitants. Suicide incidence is very low with an incidence of about 5/100,000/year. The Faroese school system participates in the ESPAD student surveys every fourth year, organized by the Department of Occupational Medicine and Public Health in Faroe Islands.
The aim was to describe the epidemiology of suicide attempts and ideation among 9th-grade school youngsters in Faroe Islands and elucidate risk factors.
Methods: Data from the ESPAD surveys were obtained in cooperation with the ESPAD committee. We used data on suicide attempts and thoughts of self-harm, and risk factors of gender, smoking, and alcohol consumption. The SPSS program was used.
Results: Participants were about 16 years old 9th graders. Prevalence of youngsters with suicide attempts has been decreasing from 2003- 2015. Prevalence of suicide attempts was about the same as in other European countries. Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts were more related to girls. Daily smoking and large alcohol consumption were related to suicide attempts and suicide ideation.
Conclusion: The number of suicide attempts was on a level with other European countries. There was a higher prevalence of students with thoughts of self-harm in the Faroes than in other European countries. We wondered how this could be in a low suicide-incidence population.
The relation between suicide attempts and thoughts of self-harm on the one side, and daily smoking and alcohol consumption as risk factors on the other side was not unexpected.
Prevalence of depression and its correlates during the COVID-19 pandemic: a multi-region observational study
Authors: Cheung Teris , Leung Angela Yee Man , Xu Xin Yi , Parial Laurence Lloyd , Chen Honglin , Amoah Padmore Adusei , Wong Eliza Mi Ling , Kor Patrick Pui Kin , Fong Tommy Kwan Hin , Okan Orkan , Dadaczynski Kevin , Molasiotis Alex 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background: Depression is a debilitating disorder affecting individual functioning and increase the global psychiatric mortality rates. The general population nationwide is confronted by the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) which causes a spike downturn to individuals’ mental health.
Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and correlates of depression among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study using convenience sampling sourced from three country/regions (China, Macau, Hong Kong). An online survey was disseminated to the general population via collaborators. The 5-item World Health Organization Index was used as the outcome measurement of depression. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis was used to identify significant predictors associated with depression.
Results: A total of 4,472 participants (22% male) were recruited in this study. Prevalence of depression was 33.2%. Male gender, region, working-age adults, insufficient money at disposal, future anxiety, nervousness, poor digital health literacy, headache, low mood, and difficulty in falling asleep were significantly associated with depression.
Conclusions: Depression is common during the COVID-19 pandemic across the study regions. Joint international collaboration of epidemiologists, mental health experts, key stakeholders and policymakers is warranted to enable individuals with probable depression to receive accurate COVID-19 related information via mhealth e-platforms in order to promote their depression literacy and mental health, and to reduce the global rising prevalence of depression during the pandemic.
The potential impact fraction of population weight reduction scenarios on non-communicable diseases in Belgium: Application of the g-computation approach
Authors: Pelgrims Ingrid , Devleesschauwer Brecht , Vandevijvere Stefanie , De Clercq Eva M , heyden Johan Van der , Vansteelandt Stijn 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background Overweight is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Europe, affecting almost 60% of all adults. Tackling obesity is therefore a key long-term health challenge and is vital to reduce premature mortality from NCDs. Methodological challenges remain however, to provide actionable evidence on the potential health benefits of population weight reduction interventions. This study aims to demonstrate the use of a g-computation approach to assess the impact of hypothetical weight reduction interventions on NCDs in Belgium in a multi-exposure context.Methods Belgian health interview survey data (2008/2013/2018, n = 27 536) were linked to environmental data at the residential address. A g-computation approach was used to evaluate the potential impact fraction (PIF) of population weight reduction scenarios on four NCDs: diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and musculoskeletal (MSK) disease. Four scenarios were considered: 1) a distribution shift where, for each individual with overweight, a counterfactual weight was drawn from the distribution of individuals with a “normal” BMI 2) a one unit reduction of the BMI of individuals with overweight, 3) a modification of the BMI of individuals with overweight based on a weight loss of 10%, 4) a reduction of the waist circumference (WC) to half of the height among all people with a WC:height ratio greater than 0.5. Regression models were adjusted for socio-demographic, lifestyle and environmental factors.Results The WC/height ratio reduction scenario led to the highest impact, preventing a proportion of cases ranging from 36% for diabetes to 7% for MSK diseases. The shift in BMI distribution also demonstrated a significant impact, preventing a proportion of cases ranging from 32% for diabetes to 6% for MSK diseases. The scenario where BMI was reduced by one unit had the lower impact, with a proportion of prevented cases, ranging from 4.5% for diabetes to 0.8% for MSK diseases.Conclusion Weight reduction scenarios among people with overweight could significantly reduce the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, CVD and MSK disease in Belgium. The g-computation approach to assess PIF of interventions represents a straightforward approach for drawing causal inferences from observational data while providing useful information for policy makers.