bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High-efficiency targeted transgene integration via primed micro-homologues
Authors: Wang Chenxin , Fang Sen , Chen Yangcan , Tang Na , Jiao Guanyi , Hu Yanping , Li Jing , Shan Qingtong , Wang Xin , Feng Guihai , Zhou Qi , Li Wei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDue to the difficulties in precisely manipulating DNA repair pathways, high-fidelity targeted integration of large transgenes triggered by double-strand breaks is inherently inefficient. Here, we exploit prime editors to devise a robust knock-in (KI) strategy named primed micro-homologues-assisted integration (PAINT), which utilizes reverse-transcribed single-stranded micro-homologues to boost targeted KIs in different types of cells. The improved version of PAINT, designated PAINT 3.0, maximizes editing efficiency and minimizes off-target integration, especially in dealing with scarless in-frame KIs. Using PAINT 3.0, we target a reporter transgene into housekeeping genes with editing efficiencies up to 80%, more than 10-fold higher than the traditional homology-directed repair method. Moreover, the use of PAINT 3.0 to insert a 2.5-kb transgene achieves up to 85% KI frequency at several therapeutically relevant genomic loci, suggesting its potential for clinical applications. Finally, PAINT 3.0 enables high-efficiency non-viral genome targeting in primary T cells and produces functional CAR-T cells with specific tumor-killing ability. Thus, we establish that the PAINT method is a powerful gene editing tool for large transgene integrations and may open new avenues for cell and gene therapies and genome writing technologies.
Behavioral decomposition reveals rich encoding structure employed across neocortex in rats
Authors: Mimica Bartul , Tombaz Tuçe , Battistin Claudia , Fuglstad Jingyi Guo , Dunn Benjamin A. , Whitlock Jonathan R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe cortical population code is pervaded by activity patterns evoked by movement, but it remains largely unknown how such signals relate to natural behavior or how they might support processing in sensory cortices where they have been observed. To address this we compared high-density neural recordings across four cortical regions (visual, auditory, somatosensory, motor) in relation to sensory modulation, posture, movement, and ethograms of freely foraging male rats. Momentary actions, such as rearing or turning, were represented ubiquitously and could be decoded from all sampled structures. However, more elementary and continuous features, such as pose and movement, followed region-specific organization, with neurons in visual and auditory cortices preferentially encoding mutually distinct head-orienting features in world-referenced coordinates, and somatosensory and motor cortices principally encoding the trunk and head in egocentric coordinates. The tuning properties of synaptically coupled cells also exhibited connection patterns suggestive of area-specific uses of pose and movement signals, particularly in visual and auditory regions. Together, our results indicate that ongoing behavior is encoded at multiple levels throughout the dorsal cortex, and that low-level features are differentially utilized by different regions to serve locally relevant computations.
Field-free spin-orbit torque switching assisted by in-plane unconventional spin torque in ultrathin [Pt/Co]N
Authors: Xue Fen , Lin Shy-Jay , Song Mingyuan , Hwang William , Klewe Christoph , Lee Chien-Min , Turgut Emrah , Shafer Padraic , Vailionis Arturas , Huang Yen-Lin , Tsai Wilman , Bao Xinyu , Wang Shan X. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractElectrical manipulation of magnetization without an external magnetic field is critical for the development of advanced non-volatile magnetic-memory technology that can achieve high memory density and low energy consumption. Several recent studies have revealed efficient out-of-plane spin-orbit torques (SOTs) in a variety of materials for field-free type-z SOT switching. Here, we report on the corresponding type-x configuration, showing significant in-plane unconventional spin polarizations from sputtered ultrathin [Pt/Co]N, which are either highly textured on single crystalline MgO substrates or randomly textured on SiO2coated Si substrates. The unconventional spin currents generated in the low-dimensional Co films result from the strong orbital magnetic moment, which has been observed by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) measurement. Thex-polarized spin torque efficiency reaches up to −0.083 and favors complete field-free switching of CoFeB magnetized along the in-plane charge current direction. Micromagnetic simulations additionally demonstrate its lower switching current than type-y switching, especially in narrow current pulses. Our work provides additional pathways for electrical manipulation of spintronic devices in the pursuit of high-speed, high-density, and low-energy non-volatile memory.
Macrophage lineage cells-derived migrasomes activate complement-dependent blood-brain barrier damage in cerebral amyloid angiopathy mouse model
Authors: Hu Mengyan , Li Tiemei , Ma Xiaomeng , Liu Sanxin , Li Chunyi , Huang Zhenchao , Lin Yinyao , Wu Ruizhen , Wang Shisi , Lu Danli , Lu Tingting , Men Xuejiao , Shen Shishi , Huang Huipeng , Liu Yuxin , Song Kangyu , Jian Banghao , Jiang Yuxuan , Qiu Wei , Liu Quentin , Lu Zhengqi , Cai Wei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAccumulation of amyloid beta protein (Aβ) in brain vessels damages blood brain barrier (BBB) integrity in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). Macrophage lineage cells scavenge Aβ and produce disease-modifying mediators. Herein, we report that Aβ40-induced macrophage-derived migrasomes are sticky to blood vessels in skin biopsy samples from CAA patients and brain tissue from CAA mouse models (Tg-SwDI/B and 5xFAD mice). We show that CD5L is packed in migrasomes and docked to blood vessels, and that enrichment of CD5L impairs the resistance to complement activation. Increased migrasome-producing capacity of macrophages and membrane attack complex (MAC) in blood are associated with disease severity in both patients and Tg-SwDI/B mice. Of note, complement inhibitory treatment protects against migrasomes-mediated blood-brain barrier injury in Tg-SwDI/B mice. We thus propose that macrophage-derived migrasomes and the consequent complement activation are potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in CAA.
Crystal structure of [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine derivatives as BRD4 bromodomain inhibitors and structure–activity relationship study
Authors: Kim Jung-Hoon , Pandit Navin , Yoo Miyoun , Park Tae Hyun , Choi Ji U , Park Chi Hoon , Jung Kwan-Young , Lee Byung Il 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBRD4 contains two tandem bromodomains (BD1 and BD2) that recognize acetylated lysine for epigenetic reading, and these bromodomains are promising therapeutic targets for treating various diseases, including cancers. BRD4 is a well-studied target, and many chemical scaffolds for inhibitors have been developed. Research on the development of BRD4 inhibitors against various diseases is actively being conducted. Herein, we propose a series of [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine derivatives as bromodomain inhibitors with micromolar IC50 values. We characterized the binding modes by determining the crystal structures of BD1 in complex with four selected inhibitors. Compounds containing [1,2,4] triazolo[4,3-b]pyridazine derivatives offer promising starting molecules for designing potent BRD4 BD inhibitors.
Determination of online thin film buckling configuration by parametric optimization for flexible sensor application
Authors: Kim Yeoun-Jae , Wi Daehan , Kim Jingyu , Choi Jaesoon 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA mini basket type mapping catheter consists of thin film flexible sensors and is applied in the medical field to measure the electrocardiography (ECG) signals in order to localize and quantize the physiological condition/status of heart. The flexible nature of the thin film changes the configuration with respect to the contact boundary conditions when it contacts a target surface. Therefore, to accurately localize the flexible sensor, the thin film flexible sensor’s configuration must be determined accurately in an on-line fashion. As a study of localizing the thin film flexible sensor, this study proposes an on-line thin film buckling configuration determination method using parametric optimization and interpolation technique. With the specific modulus of elasticity and dimensions of the thin film flexible sensor of the mapping catheter prototype, the buckling configuration with two point boundary condition under axial load can be calculated in desktop environment. The proposed calculation method is validated by mapping catheter sensor prototype test. The calculation/test results showed that the maximum overall length L, x$$_{a}$$

a

, and y$$_{a}$$

a

value error between the calculation and experiment are approximately 0.16 mm, − 0.12 mm. − 0.10 mm in 50 ms calculation time. The calculation result of the proposed method is also compared with that of the numerical simulation by FEM, which has approximately 0.44 mm y$$_{a}$$

a

value error compared with that of the experiment.
Demonstration of cross reaction in hybrid graphene oxide/tantalum dioxide guided mode resonance sensor for selective volatile organic compound
Authors: Tantiwanichapan Khwanchai , Jolivot Romuald , Jomphoak Apichai , Srisuai Nantarat , Chananonnawathorn Chanunthorn , Lertvanithpol Tossaporn , Horprathum Mati , Boonruang Sakoolkan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper experimentally demonstrates a crossed reaction of pure and hybrid graphene oxide (GO)/tantalum dioxide (TaO2) as a volatile organic compound (VOC) absorber in a guided mode resonance (GMR) sensing platform. The proposed GMR platform has a porous TaO2 film as the main guiding layer, allowing for more molecular adsorption and enhanced sensitivity. GO is applied on top as an additional VOC absorber to increase the selectivity. The hybrid sensing mechanism is introduced by varying the concentration of the GO aqueous solution. The experimental results show that the pure TaO2-GMR has a high tendency to adsorb most of the tested VOC molecules, with the resonance wavelength shifting accordingly to the physical properties of the VOCs (molecular weight, vapor pressure, etc). The largest signal appears in the large molecule such as toluene, and its sensitivity is gradually reduced in the hybrid sensors. At the optimum GO concentration of 3 mg/mL, the hybrid GO/TaO2 -GMR is more sensitive to methanol, while the pure GO sensor coated with GO at 5 mg/mL is highly selective to ammonia. The sensing mechanisms are verified using the Density Functional Theory (DFT) to simulate the molecular absorption, along with the measured functional groups measured on the sensor surface by the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The crossed reaction of these sensors is further analyzed by means of machine learning, specifically the principal component analysis (PCA) method and decision tree algorithm. The results show that this sensor is a promising candidate for quantitative and qualitative VOCs detection in sensor array platform.
Linguistic identity as a modulator of gaze cueing of attention
Authors: Lorenzoni Anna , Calignano Giulia , Dalmaso Mario , Navarrete Eduardo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEye-gaze stimuli can elicit orienting of attention in an observer, a phenomenon known as gaze cueing of attention. Here, we explored whether gaze cueing can be shaped by the linguistic identity of the cueing face. In two experiments, participants were first familiarized with different faces together with auditory sentences. Half of the sentences were associated with the native language of the participants (Italian) and the other half with an unknown language (Albanian and Basque, in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively). In a second phase, participants performed a gaze-cueing task. In a third recognition phase, the auditory sentences were presented again, and participants were required to decide which face uttered each sentence. Results indicated that participants were more likely to confuse faces from the same language category than from the other language category. Results of the gaze-cueing task revealed a greater gaze-cueing effect for faces associated with the native vs. unknown language. Critically, this difference emerged only in Experiment 1, which may reflect differences in social status between the two language groups. Our findings revealed the impact of language as a social cue on the gaze-cueing effect, suggesting that social attention is sensitive to the language of our interlocutors.
Isoelectronic aluminum-doped gallium nitride alpha-voltaic cell with efficiency exceeding 4.5%
Authors: Gao Runlong , Liu Linyue , Xia Xiaochuan , Wan Pengying , Ouyang Xiao , Ma Wuying , Geng Xinlei , Wang Hongyun , Xu Ruiliang , Zhang Kexiong , Liang Hongwei , Ouyang Xiaoping 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAlthough alpha-voltaic cells have shown great potential in unattended miniaturized systems for compact, long-lifetime and independence of external energy input, the power conversion efficiency of state-of the-art alpha-voltaic cells is still much lower than the theoretical limit. Here, an alpha-voltaic cell based on a gallium nitride transducer with PIN structure is designed and investigated. We find that isoelectronic aluminum-doping is an effective way for boosting the performance of the gallium nitride transducer by decreasing the unintentional doping concentration, deep trap concentration, and dislocation density in the gallium nitride epilayer. The isoelectronic aluminum-doped cell demonstrates a large depletion region of 1.89 μm and a charge collection efficiency of 61.6% at 0 V bias, resulting in a high power conversion efficiency of 4.51%, comparable to the best gallium nitride beta-voltaic cells. This work increases alpha-voltaic cell efficiency, bridging the gap between nuclear micro-batteries and real applications in extreme environments.
Neural architecture search for resource constrained hardware devices: A survey
Authors: Yang Yongjia , Zhan Jinyu , Jiang Wei , Jiang Yucheng , Yu Antai 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWith the emergence of powerful and low‐energy Internet of Things devices, deep learning computing is increasingly applied to resource‐constrained edge devices. However, the mismatch between hardware devices with low computing capacity and the increasing complexity of Deep Neural Network models, as well as the growing real‐time requirements, bring challenges to the design and deployment of deep learning models. For example, autonomous driving technologies rely on real‐time object detection of the environment, which cannot tolerate the extra latency of sending data to the cloud, processing and then sending the results back to edge devices. Many studies aim to find innovative ways to reduce the size of deep learning models, the number of Floating‐point Operations per Second, and the time overhead of inference. Neural Architecture Search (NAS) makes it possible to automatically generate efficient neural network models. The authors summarise the existing NAS methods on resource‐constrained devices and categorise them according to single‐objective or multi‐objective optimisation. We review the search space, the search algorithm and the constraints of NAS on hardware devices. We also explore the challenges and open problems of hardware NAS.
Preparation of chitosan‐embedded recombinant human epidermal growth factor nanoparticles as accelerating compounds for skin remodelling in chronic lesions
Authors: Hashemi Saadeh , Mihandoost Elnaz , Khaleghi Sepideh 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe chronic lesion has become a major biological difficulty. Using nanoparticles as drug delivery systems is remarkable nowadays. The unique properties of chitosan in combination with epidermal growth factor (EGF) can accelerate the wound‐healing process.In this study, Chitosan‐EGF (CS‐EGF) nanoparticles were manipulated and characterized by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) microscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS) method, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) radiation. The antibacterial effect was estimated by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)/minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) methods and the proliferation assay was measured on the HFF‐1 (human fibroblast cell line). Then, migration assay was accomplished and the gene expression analysis for transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and platelets‐derived growth factor (PDGF) was manipulated by the real‐time‐PCR method. The obtained results were considered statistically significant with P < 0.05.Obtained results illustrated no toxic effect on the HFF‐1 cell line treated with CS‐EGF. In cellular proliferation and migration assays, CS‐EGF nanoparticles demonstrated 2‐folds higher than the control. In the duration of 72 h of the experiment, and concentration of 10 µM, 90 ±10% of cells were migrated and the whole scratch was covered by fibroblasts. The real‐time‐PCR analysis also showed 7.5, 4.5‐, and 7‐fold upregulation of all TGF‐β, VEGF, and PDGF genes in comparison with the control group.This study confirmed that using chitosan nanoparticles as a carrier for EGF can accelerate cellular remodelling and annihilate bacterial infection in the process of treatment. As CS‐EGF nanoparticles in the acceleration of the skin remodelling process showed promising results, subsequent studies might be useful.
Active power filter with enhanced echo state network in radar power supply system
Authors: Tao Zongguo , Wang Yuetong , Sun Chenyu , Wang Ruilin , Chen Zhiwei , Zhang Yingying 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThere have been concerns raised on load non‐linearity as more and more load types are being introduced into the radar power supply system. The non‐linear load produces harmonic current while it seriously threatens the normal and safe operation environment of other system equipment. It can be difficult to design shunt active power filter (APF) to eliminate the harmonic effect while achieving stability and reliability. This paper designs a hybrid optimization shunt active power filter, which adopts enhanced echo state network (ESN) to predict harmonics and reduce the delay problem in traditional control. The prediction performance of enhanced ESN is verified by simulation. The modelling and simulation of the hybrid optimization shunt APF are completed in Simulink, and the parameters of APF are reset according to the radar power supply system. Furthermore, a prototype based on DSP TMS320F28335 was developed to test whether the theory is feasible and accurate. The experimental results demonstrate that the APF with harmonic prediction has improved steady‐state response performance and rapid dynamic response performance.
Power utilization efficiency improvement of distributed energy units in DC microgrids using primal‐dual subgradient method
Authors: Su Zhipeng , Wang Hongbin , Xu Zhong , Peng Heping , Liu Zhixiong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTo improve the power utilization efficiency of distributed energy units (DEUs) in DC microgrids, a centralized current iteration regulation approach is presented in this paper. The power utilization efficiency is partially represented by the power losses of DEUs, which can be modelled as quadratic functions of the output currents of DEUs. The power efficiency is also dependent on the line losses on the resistances between the DEUs and DC buses, which can be formulated in the basis of the output currents as well. Thus, the total power losses of DEUs comprise line and converter losses, which are verified to be a constrained‐convex function of the current allocation coefficients. In this paper, a primal‐dual subgradient method (PDSM) using only explicit addition and subtraction iterations is adopted to obtain the optimal current distribution coefficients. On this basis, an adaptive droop regulation scheme is applied to further control the output voltage references of DEUs, and proportional‐integral (PI) controllers are applied to track the adaptive voltages based on the current sharing errors. Both simulation and empirical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control to improve the power utilization efficiency of DEUs regardless parameter and load variations in DC microgrids.
Monitoring the large-scale magnetic field of AD Leo with SPIRou, ESPaDOnS, and Narval
Authors: Bellotti S. , Morin J. , Lehmann L. T. , Folsom C. P. , Hussain G. A. J. , Petit P. , Donati J.-F. , Lavail A. , Carmona A. , Martioli E. , Romano Zaire B. , Alecian E. , Moutou C. , Fouqué P. , Alencar S. , Artigau E. , Boisse I. , Bouchy F. , Cadieux C. , Cloutier R. , Cook N. J. , Delfosse X. , Doyon R. , Hébrard G. , Kochukhov O. , Wade G. A. 
Published: July 2023

Context.One clear manifestation of dynamo action on the Sun is the 22-yr magnetic cycle, exhibiting a polarity reversal and a periodic conversion between poloidal and toroidal fields. For M dwarfs, several authors claim evidence of activity cycles from photometry and analyses of spectroscopic indices, but no clear polarity reversal has been identified from spectropolarimetric observations. These stars are excellent laboratories to investigate dynamo-powered magnetic fields under different stellar interior conditions, that is partly or fully convective.Aims.Our aim is to monitor the evolution of the large-scale field of AD Leo, which has shown hints of a secular evolution from past dedicated spectropolarimetric campaigns. This is of central interest to inform distinct dynamo theories, contextualise the evolution of the solar magnetic field, and explain the variety of magnetic field geometries observed in the past.Methods.We analysed near-infrared spectropolarimetric observations of the active M dwarf AD Leo taken with SPIRou between 2019 and 2020 and archival optical data collected with ESPaDOnS and Narval between 2006 and 2019. We searched for long-term variability in the longitudinal field, the width of unpolarised Stokes profiles, the unsigned magnetic flux derived from Zeeman broadening, and the geometry of the large-scale magnetic field using both Zeeman-Doppler imaging and principal component analysis.Results.We found evidence of a long-term evolution of the magnetic field, featuring a decrease in axisymmetry (from 99% to 60%). This is accompanied by a weakening of the longitudinal field (−300 to −50 G) and a correlated increase in the unsigned magnetic flux (2.8–3.6 kG). Likewise, the width of the mean profile computed with selected near-infrared lines manifests a long-term evolution corresponding to field strength changes over the full time series, but does not exhibit modulation with the stellar rotation of AD Leo in individual epochs.Conclusions.The large-scale magnetic field of AD Leo manifested first hints of a polarity reversal in late 2020 in the form of a substantially increased dipole obliquity, while the topology remained predominantly poloidal and dipolar for 14 yr. This suggests that low-mass M dwarfs with a dipole-dominated magnetic field can undergo magnetic cycles.
Die Iris: Landkarte des Organismus
Authors: Jahn Claus 
Published: July 2023

SummaryDie moderne Iridologie wurde im 19. Jahrhundert entwickelt und seitdem kontinuierlich verfeinert. Die heutige Irisanalyse liefert keine Diagnosen, sondern vielfältige empirisch definierte Hinweise über mögliche Ursachen einer Erkrankung oder eines Symptomenkomplexes. Die Zeichen in der Struktur des Irisgewebes ermöglichen verschiedene Einblicke: etwa in die Individualkonstitution des Patienten oder die Reaktionsart und -fähigkeit des Organismus. Sie sind Wegweiser für eine zielgerichtete Therapie. Die iridologische Befunderhebung bietet eine unaufwendige und erfolgversprechende Möglichkeit, Behandlungsansätze effizienter zu machen. Die Irisanalyse kann sowohl in verschiedene Therapiesysteme als auch in den alltäglichen Ablauf einer Heilpraktikerpraxis gut integriert werden.