bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dynamic localization of the Na+-HCO3− co-transporter NBCn1 to the plasma membrane, centrosomes, spindle and primary cilia
Authors: Severin Marc , Pedersen Emma Lind , Borre Magnus Thane , Axholm Ida , Christiansen Frederik Bendix , Ponniah Muthulakshmi , Czaplinska Dominika , Larsen Tanja , Pardo Luis Angel , Pedersen Stine Falsig 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Finely tuned regulation of transport protein localization is vital for epithelial function. The Na+-HCO3− co-transporter NBCn1 (also known as SLC4A7) is a key contributor to epithelial pH homeostasis, yet the regulation of its subcellular localization is not understood. Here, we show that a predicted N-terminal β-sheet and short C-terminal α-helical motif are essential for NBCn1 plasma membrane localization in epithelial cells. This localization was abolished by cell–cell contact disruption, and co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and proximity ligation (PLA) revealed NBCn1 interaction with E-cadherin and DLG1, linking it to adherens junctions and the Scribble complex. NBCn1 also interacted with RhoA and localized to lamellipodia and filopodia in migrating cells. Finally, analysis of native and GFP-tagged NBCn1 localization, subcellular fractionation, co-IP with Arl13B and CEP164, and PLA of NBCn1 and tubulin in mitotic spindles led to the surprising conclusion that NBCn1 additionally localizes to centrosomes and primary cilia in non-dividing, polarized epithelial cells, and to the spindle, centrosomes and midbodies during mitosis. We propose that NBCn1 traffics between lateral junctions, the leading edge and cell division machinery in Rab11 endosomes, adding new insight to the role of NBCn1 in cell cycle progression.
Cdc42 prevents precocious Rho1 activation during cytokinesis in a Pak1-dependent manner
Authors: Onwubiko Udo N. , Kalathil Dhanya , Koory Emma , Pokharel Sahara , Roberts Hayden , Mitoubsi Ahmad , Das Maitreyi 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
During cytokinesis, a series of coordinated events partition a dividing cell. Accurate regulation of cytokinesis is essential for proliferation and genome integrity. In fission yeast, these coordinated events ensure that the actomyosin ring and septum start ingressing only after chromosome segregation. How cytokinetic events are coordinated remains unclear. The GTPase Cdc42 promotes recruitment of certain cell wall-building enzymes whereas the GTPase Rho1 activates these enzymes. We show that Cdc42 prevents early Rho1 activation during fission yeast cytokinesis. Using an active Rho probe, we find that although the Rho1 activators Rgf1 and Rgf3 localize to the division site in early anaphase, Rho1 is not activated until late anaphase, just before the onset of ring constriction. We find that loss of Cdc42 activation enables precocious Rho1 activation in early anaphase. Furthermore, we provide functional and genetic evidence that Cdc42-dependent Rho1 inhibition is mediated by the Cdc42 target Pak1 kinase. Our work proposes a mechanism of Rho1 regulation by active Cdc42 to coordinate timely septum formation and cytokinesis fidelity.
Critical Environmental Limits for Human Thermoregulation in the Context of a Changing Climate
Authors: Vecellio Daniel J. , Cottle Rachel M. , Wolf S. Tony , Kenney W. Larry 
Published: April 2023

ABSTRACT
Human-caused climate change has increased the average temperature of the Earth by over 1°C since the 19th century with larger increases expected by 2100 because of continued human influence. This change in mean ambient temperature has had nonlinear effects, resulting in more high-temperature extremes (i.e., heat waves) that have increased in frequency, duration, and magnitude. Additional occurrences of humid heat waves have significantly affected human health because of the physiological strain associated with a relative inability for evaporative cooling. Inability to efficaciously cool the body, whether during passive heat exposure or physical activity, not only leads to elevated core temperatures but also places strain on the cardiovascular system, often exacerbating age-related comorbidities. As part of the Pennsylvania State University–Human Environmental Age Thresholds Project, a progressive environmental strain protocol has been developed to determine critical environmental limits—combinations of ambient temperature and humidity—associated with uncompensable heat stress and intractable rises in core temperature. These human heat balance thresholds, well below those originally theorized by climatologists, have been surpassed in recent heat waves and could be exceeded on a more regular basis in the future, providing additional impetus to the urgency for adaptative measures and climate change mitigation.
Münzfunde
Authors: Schärli Beatrice 
Published: April 2023

Anlässlich der Ausgrabungen in der Chrischonakirche in Bettingen kamen insgesamt 13 Münzen zum Vorschein:
- im Turm ein total abgeschliffenes, verbrauchtes und korrodiertes römisches As,
- in Grab 14 und in der Nähe von Grab 22 je ein Pfennig aus der ersten Hälfte des 14.Jahrhunderts
- ferner in der gemauerten Steinkiste, welche 1504 als Behältnis zur Aufbewahrung der durch Peraudi entdeckten Gebeine der Chrischona errichtet worden war, zehn mehrheitlich wenig gebrauchte, ganze und halbe Rappen aus dem 15. bis 17.Jahrhundert
The impact of surveillance and other factors on detection of emergent and circulating vaccine derived polioviruses
Authors: Auzenbergs Megan , Fountain Holly , Macklin Grace , Lyons Hil , O'Reilly Kathleen M 
Published: April 2023

Background: Circulating vaccine derived poliovirus (cVDPV) outbreaks remain a threat to polio eradication. To reduce cases of polio from cVDPV of serotype 2, the serotype 2 component of the vaccine has been removed from the global vaccine supply, but outbreaks of cVDPV2 have continued. The objective of this work is to understand the factors associated with later detection in order to improve detection of these unwanted events. Methods: The number of nucleotide differences between each cVDPV outbreak and the oral polio vaccine (OPV) strain was used to approximate the time from emergence to detection. Only independent emergences were included in the analysis. Variables such as serotype, surveillance quality, and World Health Organization (WHO) region were tested in a negative binomial regression model to ascertain whether these variables were associated with higher nucleotide differences upon detection. Results: In total, 74 outbreaks were analysed from 24 countries between 2004-2019. For serotype 1 (n=10), the median time from seeding until outbreak detection was 572 (95% uncertainty interval (UI) 279-2016), for serotype 2 (n=59), 276 (95% UI 172-765) days, and for serotype 3 (n=5), 472 (95% UI 392-603) days. Significant improvement in the time to detection was found with increasing surveillance of non-polio acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) and adequate stool collection. Conclusions: cVDPVs remain a risk; all WHO regions have reported at least one VDPV outbreak since the first outbreak in 2000 and outbreak response campaigns using monovalent OPV type 2 risk seeding future outbreaks. Maintaining surveillance for poliomyelitis after local elimination is essential to quickly respond to both emergence of VDPVs and potential importations as low-quality AFP surveillance causes outbreaks to continue undetected. Considerable variation in the time between emergence and detection of VDPVs were apparent, and other than surveillance quality and inclusion of environmental surveillance, the reasons for this remain unclear.
Exploring medical educators’ expressions of identity through visual prompts and use of metaphor; a grounded theory study utilising focus groups
Authors: Napier Jordan , Moffat Mandy 
Published: April 2023

Background: This project aimed to explore which metaphors, similies, or other forms of imagery medical educators use to express their identity as a ‘medical educator’ and to discuss what these expressions might tell us about their connection to, attitude to, and views of this identity. Medical educators are essential stakeholders in effective learning experiences for our future healthcare workforce and gaining insight into their identity development will be valuable in supporting them in their crucial roles. Methods: Utilising a constructivist grounded theory approach, two focus group/workshop hybrids were carried out with a total of 16 participants in January and February of 2020. The focus group/workshops were used to encourage participant discussion about their educator identity, which included the use of visual prompts to promote use of metaphor in their expressions. Data were analysed using open and then focused coding. Iterative reviews of the literature relating to the study area took place throughout the timeframe of the project. Results: Participants used a range of metaphors for their medical educator identity which fell into the themes of: metaphors around movement, entertainment and environment. The metaphors used included that of a gardener, farmer, role model, traveller, formula 1 pitstop team, and orchestral conductor. When expressing their educator identity, participants spoke of the burden of juggling clinical and educator workload and of the impact of the clinical learning environment upon their ability to do so. Conclusions: Using a creative approach to collect data through metaphors and imagery, our study gave a valuable insight into how medical educators’ view their identity and experiences. It gave insight into the influence of environment upon their identity and the potential role for faculty development in promoting medical educators to converse with each other about the challenges faced when juggling roles and making sense of differing and clashing identities.
Knee ligament injuries in alpine skiing - the mechanism of injury and the possibilities of using modern knowledge and technology to prevent injuries in skiing
Authors: Niski Szymon , Żaba Ziemowit , Milczek Maria , Warzyszak Paweł , Żołyniak Wojciech , Tomasik Mikołaj , Hawranik Izabela , Małek Róza , Lisowska Aleksandra , Skrzypek Mateusz 
Published: April 2023

Introduction: Over the years, advances in alpine ski equipment such as helmets, bindings, skis and boots have resulted in risk reduction, remodelling of injury patterns and mechanisms. Skiers’ injuries are currently about 1 to 5 per 1000 days spent in the snow per athlete. The most common area of the injury is the knee, especially ACL and MCL.
Purpose of the work: The purpose of the work is analysis of literature on mechanism of knee ligaments injury and potential prevention intervention in alpine skiing.
Methods and materials: The present study was based on available data collected in the PubMed and Google Scholar database. The study was conducted by reviewing keywords such as: “alpine skiing”, “ski bindings”, “alpine skiing injuries”, “ACL”.
Results: Taking into consideration less advanced skiers, we can distinguish three types of injury mechanism: valgus-external rotation sequence, boot-induced anterior drawer mechanism and phantom-foot mechanism. Three mechanisms have been described for professional skiers: slip-catch, landing back-weighted and dynamic snowplow. Female skiers have a higher risk of ACl injury than male skiers.
Conclusion: Most of the described injury mechanisms are linked with no releasing of bindings. The future injury prevention should concentrate on injury mechanisms using electronic sensors placed at skiers equipment. New micro-electronic technologies can help create mechatronic ski bindings.
Microscopic colitis - state of current knowledge on pathogenesis, diagnostics and treatment
Authors: Bętkowska Paulina , Licak Gabriela , Olko Paweł , Żuchnik Magda , Rybkowska Agnieszka , Tomkiewicz Julia , Tomkiewicz Michał , Radulski Jakub , Sałata Piotr , Paluch Michał 
Published: April 2023

Introduction and purpose
Microscopic colitis is multicausal inflammatory bowel disease, which affects mostly elderly, particularly women. It is a cause of chronic, watery diarrhea. MC usually presents macroscopically normal, thus diagnosis requires colonoscopy and histological examination of colonic biopsies. MC doesn’t increase risk of colon cancer. However, it leads to impaired patients’ quality of life and reduced living activity.
This review aims to sum up the current state of knowledge about symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of microscopic colitis.

Material and methods
This review was based on available data collected in the PubMed database, using the following keywords: „microscopic colitis”, “microscopic colitis treatment”, „microscopic colitis pathogenesis”, and “ microscopic colitis diagnosis”.
ConclusionsDiagnosis of MC is often delayed due to similarity of clinical manifestation with other inflammatory bowel diseases, like IBS or IBD. Raising awareness about MC as a potential cause of chronic diarrhea can lead to earlier diagnosis and increased patients’ quality of life.
A Model of Cryptocurrencies
Authors: Sockin Michael , Xiong Wei 
Published: April 2023

We model cryptocurrencies as utility tokens used by a decentralized digital platform to facilitate transactions between users of certain goods or services. The network effect governing user participation, in conjunction with the nonneutrality of the token price, can cause the token market to break down. We show that token retradeability mitigates this risk of breakdown on younger platforms by harnessing user optimism but worsens this fragility when sentiment trading by speculators crowds out users. Elastic token issuance mitigates this fragility, but strategic attacks by miners exacerbate it because users’ anticipation of future losses depresses the token’s resale value. This paper was accepted by Agostino Capponi, Special Section of Management Science: Blockchains and Crypto Economics.
Probabilistic Forecasting of Patient Waiting Times in an Emergency Department
Authors: Arora Siddharth , Taylor James W. , Mak Ho-Yin 
Published: April 2023

Problem definition: We study the estimation of the probability distribution of individual patient waiting times in an emergency department (ED). Whereas it is known that waiting-time estimates can help improve patients’ overall satisfaction and prevent abandonment, existing methods focus on point forecasts, thereby completely ignoring the underlying uncertainty. Communicating only a point forecast to patients can be uninformative and potentially misleading. Methodology/results: We use the machine learning approach of quantile regression forest to produce probabilistic forecasts. Using a large patient-level data set, we extract the following categories of predictor variables: (1) calendar effects, (2) demographics, (3) staff count, (4) ED workload resulting from patient volumes, and (5) the severity of the patient condition. Our feature-rich modeling allows for dynamic updating and refinement of waiting-time estimates as patient- and ED-specific information (e.g., patient condition, ED congestion levels) is revealed during the waiting process. The proposed approach generates more accurate probabilistic and point forecasts when compared with methods proposed in the literature for modeling waiting times and rolling average benchmarks typically used in practice. Managerial implications: By providing personalized probabilistic forecasts, our approach gives low-acuity patients and first responders a more comprehensive picture of the possible waiting trajectory and provides more reliable inputs to inform prescriptive modeling of ED operations. We demonstrate that publishing probabilistic waiting-time estimates can inform patients and ambulance staff in selecting an ED from a network of EDs, which can lead to a more uniform spread of patient load across the network. Aspects relating to communicating forecast uncertainty to patients and implementing this methodology in practice are also discussed. For emergency healthcare service providers, probabilistic waiting-time estimates could assist in ambulance routing, staff allocation, and managing patient flow, which could facilitate efficient operations and cost savings and aid in better patient care and outcomes.Supplemental Material: The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.1210 .
O BIOMA PAMPA NO OLHAR DE ESTUDANTES DO ENSINO MÉDIO, NO OESTE DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Authors: Bortoluzzi Castro Luis Roberval , Carvalho Andrielli Vilanova de , Pessano Edward Frederico Castro , Dinardi Ailton Jesus 
Published: April 2023

Esta pesquisa identificou e categorizou as percepções de estudantes do último ano da Educação Básica, referente aos conhecimentos a respeito do bioma Pampa. Participaram do estudo 52 estudantes do oeste do Estado, os dados foram obtidos por meio da aplicação de um questionário semiestruturado e submetidos a um processo de análise qualiquantitativa. Como resultados, o estudo apontou que os estudantes apresentam um conhecimento inadequado ou fragmentado sobre o bioma Pampa, independente da região onde residem (rural e urbano). A falta de conhecimentos sobre o bioma em questão, ou seja, o locam onde vivem, pode ser atribuída à abordagem restrita da temática resultando na ausência de contextualização no ambiente escolar e consequentemente em sociedade.
DIRETRIZES CURRICULARES NACIONAIS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO DE JOVENS E ADULTOS – CONQUISTAS E DIREITOS PARA JOVENS, ADULTOS E IDOSOS
Authors: Silva Lincoln Tavares 
Published: April 2023

Neste ano marcado pelo Centenário de Paulo Freire, nada mais propício que revisitarmos algumas das conquistas e lutas do campo da educação que mais afetam, tocam e buscam garantir direitos às pessoas jovens, adultas e idosas em nosso país. Mesmo diante de cenários adversos que os últimos anos vêm proporcionando à nossa população e, principalmente, aos mais vulnerabilizados socialmente, cabe refletir sobre os passos que foram atingidos e devem ser ampliados para milhares de cidadãos que buscam alcançar, por meio do acesso e da permanência à educação e à escolarização, a continuidade de seus estudos, com intuito de tomar parte da vida social plenamente. Este número da revista e-Mosaicos se insere na discussão da necessidade da estruturação de políticas públicas, como marcos definidos, que precisam ser estabelecidos para que desigualdades não se perpetuem, apartando parcelas inteiras de nossa população reproduzindo ciclos de situações excludentes que se tornam obstáculos naturalizados reveladores de contradições inerentes à sociedade conservadora e patrimonialista que perdura em nosso país. O fruto das lutas sociais preocupadas em transformar o quadro de desigualdades simbólicas, econômicas, políticas e culturais se materializa em diretrizes que tentam, ao longo dos últimos 20 anos, promover mudanças entre as brechas possíveis, buscando produzir novas garantias, práticas e narrativas com e a respeito da educação das pessoas jovens e adultas.
TRAJETÓRIAS DE UMA APRENDIZ
Authors: Wanderley Sonia Maria 
Published: April 2023

Quando dispus escrever o Memorial para o concurso de Titular do Instituto de Aplicação da UERJ, busquei encontrar modelos que normatizassem um texto que, a princípio, me pareceu um tanto quanto narcisista. Afinal, a criação e a realização de um escrito, em primeira pessoa, para ser apresentado ao público pelo próprio interessado, tal e qual o personagem mitológico grego Narciso, poderia descambar para a arrogância e supervalorização de uma determinada imagem construída. Cheguei a começar a escrever na terceira pessoa. Queria evitar cair no mesmo pecado de Narciso. Mas, depois, a historiadora que sou se deu conta de que, fosse qual fosse o pronome pessoal utilizado, a escrita seria sempre singular e plural. Singular porque apresenta uma leitura particular daquele que viveu o que é narrado; coletiva, por estar carregada de sentidos constituídos por muitos que comigo conviveram ou que me deixaram conhecer as suas próprias teias de significados. Seja como for, toda “escrita de si” seleciona eventos, deixando outras histórias “em suspenso” (GOMES, 2002). Sendo assim, já me desculpo com os leitores/companheiros que não se sentirem representados pela escolha realizada. Fui fiel aos caminhos que trilhei.Os fios de minha trajetória aqui recuperados seguiram um roteiro mais ou menos pré-estabelecido pelas exigências do evento a que se propunha: minha dupla formação acadêmica; a sala de aula, como o lugar que privilegio na ação dialética e dialógica de ensinar e aprender; a comunicação do conhecimento produzido sob a forma de narrativas várias, encontros e atividades extensionistas e, por fim, minha participação em atividades técnico-administrativas que constituem, de todo modo, muitas das relações interpessoais e de poder da instituição social Universidade.
QUEM QUER SER PESQUISADOR? AÇÕES DE EXTENSÃO PARA A DIVULGAÇÃO DA CIÊNCIA E DOS CIENTISTAS BRASILEIROS NA ESCOLA
Authors: Arantes Shirley De Lima Ferreira 
Published: April 2023

Esse trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar subsídios para a realização de ações de extensão universitária com vistas à divulgação científica de biografias de cientistas brasileiros e da ciência produzida no País, em escolas de educação básica, mediante a importância de inspirar as crianças e os jovens a se identificarem positivamente com a cultura científica. Para tanto, apresenta revisão narrativa focada em projetos de extensão no âmbito da educação em ciências, com o objetivo de contribuir para essa discussão introduzindo elementos teórico-metodológicos da teoria histórico-cultural de Vygotsky. Ao final, são elencados alguns recursos e atividades que podem ilustrar ações de popularização de biografias de cientistas nativos, que produziram investigações de alto impacto no País e alhures, observando-se equilíbrio de gênero e raça, para que seus feitos científicos sejam humanizados por sua história de vida, e, assim, possam permear o imaginário dos jovens, produzindo efeito modelar.