bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of stretching intervention on musculoskeletal pain in dental professionals
Authors: Kim Eun-Sol , Jo Eun-Deok , Han Gyeong-Soon 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
This study aimed to quantitatively confirm the effects of dental specialists’ work and stretching on musculoskeletal pain.

Methods
The pain pressure threshold was divided into five parts (neck, shoulder, trunk, lower back, and hand/arm) of the upper body and measured at 15 muscle trigger points. The pain pressure threshold before and after work was measured, and 30 min of stretching and rest were stipulated as an intervention.

Results
The pain pressure thresholds reduced significantly in all muscles after work (P &lt; .05). In the stretching group, the pain pressure thresholds increased significantly in all muscles (P &lt; .05). In particular, the iliocostalis lumborum (lower back), rhomboid (trunk), transverse carpal ligament (hand/arm), levator scapulae-superior angle (neck), and upper trapezius (shoulder) muscles showed the greatest decrease in pain pressure threshold after work and the greatest increase after stretching.

Conclusions
Stretching helps immediately relieve musculoskeletal pain in dental professionals and can prevent and manage work-related musculoskeletal disorders.
Distinct cerebral small vessel disease impairment in early‐ and late‐onset Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Luo Xiao , Hong Hui , Li Kaicheng , Zeng Qingze , Wang Shuyue , Li Zheyu , Fu Yanv , Liu Xiaocao , Hong Luwei , Li Jixuan , Zhang Xinyi , Zhong Siyan , Jiaerken Yeerfan , Liu Zhirong , Chen Yanxing , Huang Peiyu , Zhang Minming ,   for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study investigated cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) damage patterns in early‐onset and late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD and LOAD) and their effects on cognitive function.MethodsThis study included 93 participants, 45 AD patients (14 EOAD and 31 LOAD), and 48 normal controls (13 YNC and 35 ONC) from the ADNI database. All participants had diffusion tensor imaging data; some had amyloid PET and plasma p‐tau181 data. The study used peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD) to measure CSVD severity and compared PSMD between patients and age‐matched controls. The effect of age on the relationship between PSMD and cognition was also examined. The study also repeated the analysis in amyloid‐positive AD patients and amyloid‐negative controls in another independent database (31 EOAD and 38 LOAD), and the merged database.ResultsEOAD and LOAD showed similar cognitive function and disease severity. PSMD was validated as a reliable correlate of cognitive function. In the ADNI database, PSMD was significantly higher for LOAD and showed a tendency to increase for EOAD; in the independent and merged databases, PSMD was significantly higher for both LOAD and EOAD. The impact of PSMD on cognitive function was notably greater in the younger group (YNC and EOAD) than in the older group (ONC and LOAD), as supported by the ADNI and merged databases.InterpretationEOAD has less CSVD burden than LOAD, but has a greater impact on cognition. Proactive cerebrovascular prevention strategies may have potential clinical value for younger older adults with cognitive decline.
Ultrafine Homologous Ni2P–Co2P Heterostructures via Space‐Confined Topological Transformation for Superior Urea Electrolysis
Authors: Liao Yu , Chen Yangyang , Li Lei , Luo Sha , Qing Yan , Tian Cuihua , Xu Han , Zhang Jingxian , Wu Yiqiang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractConstructing effective electrocatalysts based on ultrafine heterostructures is a promising strategy for boosting catalytic performance by exposing active sites and increasing specific surface area. However, the fabrication of catalytically active heterostructures with elaborate architectures is still poorly developed owing to synthetic challenges, and the intrinsic mechanism of heterogeneous interfaces remains unclear because of insufficient evidence regarding real active sites. In this study, ultrafine homologous Ni2P–Co2P heterostructures (Ni2P–Co2P/C) are created using a topological transformation strategy from a Ni–Co layered double hydroxide/carbon (Ni–Co LDH/C) interconnected structure in a single nanosheet. When employed as catalysts in urea oxidation reaction (UOR), the Ni2P–Co2P/C heterostructures exhibit superior activity and stability, attributed to the optimized geometric and electronic structures of the catalytic sites. Specifically, it takes an ultralow potential of 1.27 V to reach a current density of 10 mA cm−2 with a small Tafel slope of 28.71 mV dec−1. The operando analyses and calculation results reveal that cobalt incorporation can reduce the generation potential of the surface reconstructive active species and optimize the absorption/desorption energy of the intermediates. Overall, this study proposes an efficient and cost‐effective UOR electrocatalyst and offers a new high‐performance homologous heterostructure design for widespread application.
Enhanced Skin Permeation of Anti‐Aging Peptides Using Bioactive Ionic Liquids at Low Concentrations
Authors: Wang Mi , Wang Zhenyuan , Liu Tianqi , Zhang Jichuan , Shen Tianwei , Hu Fan , Hu Xiaoyun , Du Le , Zhang Jiaheng , Ye Rui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDelaying aging is an eternal goal for humanity. Acetyl hexapeptide‐8 (AHP‐8) is an effective skin anti‐aging drug that locally interrupts the signal transmission of muscle contractions and promotes collagen production, thus smoothening wrinkles. However, its high molecular weight and strong hydrophilicity limit its skin permeation capacity. To solve this problem, an ionic liquid with excellent bioactivity, MAC, is synthesized from l‐malic acid and l‐carnitine and used as a permeation enhancer to improve the anti‐aging effects of AHP‐8. The ratio of MAC's components is optimized based on density functional theory calculations and cytotoxicity experiments. Low concentrations of MAC significantly increase AHP‐8 transdermal delivery, reaching a maximum at 5‐10 wt% MAC. The pro‐permeation mechanism of MAC is investigated using molecular dynamics simulations, and the penetration enhancement and anti‐aging performance of AHP‐8 are demonstrated by conducting cellular, animal, and clinical experiments. The results show that MAC/AHP‐8 outperforms AHP‐8 in terms of collagen and hyaluronic acid synthesis, anti‐inflammation, anti‐oxidation, and inhibition of muscle contraction, thus significantly reducing the number and area of wrinkles and increasing skin moisture and elasticity. This study presents MAC as a simple and efficient transdermal vehicle for the clinical application of AHP‐8.
Multi‐Healable, Mechanically Durable Double Cross‐Linked Polyacrylamide Electrolyte Incorporating Hydrophobic Interactions for Dendrite‐Free Flexible Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Wang Xilin , Wang Bin , Cheng Jianli 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFlexible aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) are considered as one of the most promising energy storage candidates for wearable electronics, owing to their environmental friendliness, low cost, high safety, and high theoretical capacity. However, the practical application of flexible ZIBs is significantly impeded by the Zn dendrite growth and the poor mechanical endurability at the electrolyte–electrode interface. Mechanically durable hydrogel electrolyte with dendrite growth restriction and self‐healing ability is highly desirable to improve the durability and extend the lifetime of the flexible ZIBs. However, it is still a big challenge to simultaneously endow hydrogel electrolytes with all necessary properties. Herein, multi‐healable and mechanically durable hydrogels are fabricated by the synergy effect of strong chemical cross‐linking and dynamic physical hydrophobic associations. The obtained double cross‐linked polyacrylamide electrolyte (PAAm‐O‐B) has good tensile strain, strength, and stable electrochemical performance, with tensile strength up to 75 kPa, high self‐healing efficiency up to 50 broken‐healed cycles and lifespan up to 900 h dendrite inhibition behavior. The flexible Zn//MnO2 batteries using PAAm‐O‐B hydrogel electrolytes exhibit good mechanical durability with high specific capacity and long cycle lifespan even under 1000 bending deformations and superior self‐healing ability.
Bilayer Zwitterionic Metal‐Organic Framework for Selective All‐Solid‐State Superionic Conduction in Lithium Metal Batteries
Authors: Ouyang Yuan , Gong Wei , Zhang Qi , Wang Jia , Guo Sijia , Xiao Yingbo , Li Dixiong , Wang Changhong , Sun Xueliang , Wang Chaoyang , Huang Shaoming 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSolid‐state batteries (SSBs) hold immense potential for improved energy density and safety compared to traditional batteries. However, existing solid‐state electrolytes (SSEs) face challenges in meeting the complex operational requirements of SSBs. This study introduces a novel approach to address this issue by developing a metal‐organic framework (MOF) with customized bilayer zwitterionic nanochannels (MOF‐BZN) as high‐performance SSEs. The BZN consist of a rigid anionic MOF channel with chemically grafted soft multicationic oligomers (MCOs) on the pore wall. This design enables selective superionic conduction, with MCOs restricting the movement of anions while coulombic interaction between MCOs and anionic framework promoting the dissociation of Li+. MOF‐BZN exhibits remarkable Li+ conductivity (8.76 × 10−4 S cm−1), high Li+ transference number (0.75), and a wide electrochemical window of up to 4.9 V at 30 °C. Ultimately, the SSB utilizing flame retarded MOF‐BZN achieves an impressive specific energy of 419.6 Wh kganode+cathode+electrolyte−1 under constrained conditions of high cathode loading (20.1 mg cm−2) and limited lithium metal source. The constructed bilayer zwitterionic MOFs present a pioneering strategy for developing advanced SSEs for highly efficient SSBs.
The Dynamics of Oxygen Ion Exchange in Epitaxial Strontium Cobaltite Bilayers
Authors: Wenderott Jill K. , Dufresne Eric M. , Li Yan , Cao Hui , Zhang Qingteng , Narayanachari K. V. L. V. , Buchholz D. Bruce , Guha Supratik , Fong Dillon D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe exchange of ions across interfaces is key to the field of iontronics, where the properties of the device can be altered by the local ion concentration. This study investigates a complex oxide system where structural and electronic phase transitions can be driven by changes in the concentration of oxygen ions. In situ coherent X‐ray studies are conducted on epitaxial bilayers of insulating SrCoO2.5 and metallic SrCoO3 − δ. The diffusion of oxygen ions across the bilayer is studied with X‐ray photon correlation spectroscopy to capture the dynamical behavior of the interface in reducing and oxidizing environments. The behavior is strongly asymmetric, with much slower dynamics appearing in reducing versus oxidizing environments. According to the correlation functions determined from different points in reciprocal space, this study finds that the dynamics near the center of the SrCoO2.5 crystal are generally similar to those near the heterointerfaces. The results suggest that the interface is stable and reversible, making SrCoOx a model system for the study of iontronic behavior.
Polymeric Benzothiadiazole, Benzooxadiazole, and Benzoselenadiazole Photocathodes for Photocatalytic Oxygen Reduction to Hydrogen Peroxide
Authors: Gańczarczyk Roman , Rybakiewicz‐Sekita Renata , Gryszel Maciej , Drapała Jakub , Zagórska Małgorzata , Głowacki Eric Daniel 
Published: June 2023

AbstractVisible‐light‐driven semiconductor photoelectrodes are promising new devices for on‐demand photocathodic generation of hydrogen peroxide. Herein, the fabrication of organic polymeric photocathodes employing poly(4,7‐di(thiophen‐2‐yl)benzo[c][1,2,5]thiadiazole) (pThBTD), and comparatively seven other related derivatives is reported. The monomer dithienobenzodithiazole can be directly polymerized on an electrode via two methods: electropolymerization or iodine‐vapor‐assisted polymerization. Both give polymers with wide visible light absorption and suitable stability for photoelectrodes. These methods yield different active layer morphologies, with electropolymerization yielding photocathodes with better performance. Critical issues affecting oxygen reduction photocurrents are evaluated, namely thickness, wettability, and pH. Photocathodic oxygen reduction currents, as well as photovoltages, are among the highest reported for an organic photoelectrocatalyst, and pThBTD films can stably produce H2O2 with high faradaic yield over at least 8 h. This study shows that single‐component organic semiconductor devices can be highly competitive versus more complex heterostructures and that such low‐bandgap organic polymers can afford remarkable stability.
Electrostatic Boundary Conditions and (Electro)chemical Interface Stability
Authors: Huang Binxiang , Erhart Paul , Yang Tongqing , Klein Andreas 
Published: June 2023

AbstractInterface stability is a key factor for stable operation of electronic and electrochemical devices. This contribution introduces an approach for the operando analysis of interfaces using photoelectron spectroscopy employing a solid oxide electrochemical cell. The combined chemical and electronic information provided by the experiment reveals that not only chemical but also electrostatic boundary conditions are essential for interface stability. The approach is demonstrated using (anti‐)ferroelectric (Pb,La)(Zr,Sn,Ti)O3 dielectrics.
Manipulating Electron Density Distribution of Nicotinamide Derivatives Toward Defect Passivation In Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Lidan , Zheng Can , Xu Zhuo , Li Yong , Cao Yang , Yang Tengteng , Zhang Hao , Wang Qiang , Liu Zhike , Yuan Ningyi , Ding Jianning , Wang Dapeng , Liu Shengzhong (F.) 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe design of additives mainly involves selection of functional groups with coordination relationships with defects in perovskite materials. However, it is particularly important to further adjust the geometrical configuration and electronic structure of an additive. Here, the nicotinamide (NA) and its derivative 6‐Methylnicotinamide (CNA) with electron‐donor functional groups are comparatively analyzed to investigate the effect of molecular dipole and electronic configuration on the defect passivation of perovskite absorbers and the photovoltaic properties of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Theoretical calculations demonstrate that the CNA molecule with its large molecular dipole combine with the undercoordinated Pb2+ ions in perovskite to form a higher binding energy, which is beneficial to improve the formation energy of Pb‐related defects. Experimental characterization confirms that the CNA molecule significantly enhances the coordination effect between acylamino and undercoordinated defective Pb2+ cations, which is conducive to obtain high‐quality, low‐defect density of state, large grain size, and smooth surface perovskite absorbers. Thanks to the electronic configuration and electronic cloud distribution of CNA molecules, the PSCs yield impressive efficiency as high as 24.33% with excellent environmental storage, heat, and light stabilities. This research provides a research basis for designing additives with steric‐charge‐dependence to assist perovskite photovoltaics.
A Low‐Cost Quasi‐Solid‐State “Water‐in‐Swelling‐Clay” Electrolyte Enabling Ultrastable Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Tian Siyu , Hwang Taesoon , Malakpour Estalaki Sina , Tian Yafen , Zhou Long , Milazzo Tye , Moon Seunghyun , Wu Shiwen , Jian Ruda , Balkus Kenneth , Luo Tengfei , Cho Kyeongjae , Xiong Guoping 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe poor reversibility of Zn metal anodes arising from water‐induced parasitic reactions poses a significant challenge to the practical applications of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs). Herein, a novel quasi‐solid‐state “water‐in‐swelling‐clay” electrolyte (WiSCE) containing zinc sulfate and swelling clay, bentonite (BT), is designed to enable highly reversible Zn metal anodes. AZIB full cells based on the WiSCE exhibit excellent cyclic stability at various current densities, long shelf life, low self‐discharge rate, and outstanding high‐temperature adaptability. Particularly, the capacity of WiSCE‐based AZIB full cells retains 90.47% after 200 cycles at 0.1 A g−1, 96.64% after 2000 cycles at 1 A g−1, and 88.29% after 5000 cycles at 3 A g−1. Detailed density functional theory calculations show that strong hydrogen bonds are formed between BT and water molecules in the WiSCE. Thus, water molecules are strongly confined by BT, particularly within the interlayers, which significantly inhibits water‐induced parasitic reactions and greatly improves cyclic stability. Compared to the state‐of‐the‐art “water‐in‐salt” electrolytes, the WiSCE can provide a significantly higher capacity at the full‐cell level with a substantially reduced cost, which is promising for the design of next‐generation high‐performance AZIBs. This work provides a new direction for developing cost‐competitive AZIBs as alternatives to grid‐scale energy storage.
“I’d rather see action”: Application and recruitment experiences of underrepresented in emergency medicine trainees
Authors: Suh Michelle , Callaghan Lauren T. , Brickhouse Elise , Ponce Haley , Tichter Aleksandr , Pillow M. Tyson , Chary Anita 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesThe emergency medicine (EM) physician workforce is largely composed of white men. Despite recruitment efforts over the past decade, there has not been a significant increase of trainees with underrepresented racial and ethnic identities in EM (URM). Prior studies have focused on institutional strategies to improve diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) in EM residency recruitment but have been limited in describing URM trainees’ perspectives. We sought to assess URM trainees’ perspectives on DEI in the EM residency application and selection process.MethodsThis study was conducted at an urban academic medical center in the United States from November 2021 to March 2022. Junior residents were invited to participate in individual semistructured interviews. We used a combined deductive–inductive approach to categorize responses in predetermined areas of interest then elicit dominant themes within each category through consensus discussions. Thematic saturation was reached after eight interviews, indicating adequate sample size.ResultsTen residents participated in semistructured interviews. All identified as racial or ethnic minorities. Three dominant themes emerged relating to authenticity, representation, and being treated as a learner first. Participants assessed the authenticity of a program's DEI efforts by evaluating the time frame and scope of DEI efforts. Participants reported a desire for representation of other URM colleagues in a residency program and training environment. While participants wanted their lived experience as URM trainees acknowledged, they were wary of being viewed solely through the lens of future DEI leaders rather than as learners first.ConclusionsURM residents value multifaceted commitment to DEI efforts, representation, and being seen as learners first when assessing residency programs. Programs seeking to recruit URM residents should develop a department‐wide, multipronged, comprehensive DEI plan and showcase how their program will contribute to an applicant's professional development.
Mini Nutrition Assessment‐Short Form score is associated with sarcopenia even among nourished people – A result of a feasibility study of a registry
Authors: Shadmand Foumani Moghadam Mohammad Reza , Shahraki Jazinaki Mostafa , Rashidipour Mina , Rezvani Reza , Pezeshki Parnian , Ghayour Mobarhan Majid , Hosseini Zohre 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aims to identify a new barrier to the use of the Mini‐Nutrition Assessment Short‐Form (MNA‐SF), which is a malnutrition assessment tool for the risk assessment of sarcopenia in a nourished population.MethodsThe MNA‐SF was completed, and individuals with a score of > 11 were considered nourished in this cross‐sectional feasibility study of a registry. Sarcopenia was assessed in 766 healthy, nourished adults (33.4% men, 64.9 ± 7.1 years) based on the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 (EWGSOP2).ResultsThe MNA‐SF scores for non‐sarcopenia, pre‐, confirmed, and severe sarcopenia were 13.59 ± 0.69, 13.73 ± 0.60, 12.64 ± 0.74, and 12.5 ± 0.71, respectively. The higher MNA‐SF score association with pre‐sarcopenia [odds ratio (OR): 1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06–1.86, P = 0.02], confirmed sarcopenia (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.13–0.49, P < 0.001), and severe sarcopenia (OR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.09–0.46, P < 0.001) was as significant as in the MNA‐SF categories. Individuals with a score = 13 (compared with 14), had a higher risk of confirmed sarcopenia (OR = 10.07, 95% CI: 1.92–52.71, P = 006) and severe sarcopenia (OR = 12.09, 95% CI: 1.24–117.50, P = 0.032). Individuals with a score of 12 had a higher risk of confirmed sarcopenia (OR = 30.94, 95% CI: 4.25–103.02, P < 0.001) and severe sarcopenia (OR = 35.90, 95% CI: 4.25–303.07, P = 0.001) compared with subjects with a score of 14. The models also showed that MNA‐SF < 13 could predict sarcopenia.ConclusionThere was a significant association between MNA‐SF and confirmed and severe sarcopenia in nourished people. Sarcopenia assessment in people with MNA‐SF < 13 can be beneficial. Developing a tool to identify the risk of malnutrition and sarcopenia at the same time based on MNA‐SF can be considered.
The comprehensive review of gastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach (GAPPS) from diagnosis and treatment
Authors: Iwatsuki Masaaki , Matsumoto Chihiro , Mimori Koshi , Baba Hideo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractGastric adenocarcinoma and proximal polyposis of the stomach (GAPPS) was first proposed by Wothley et al. in 2012 as a rare familial gastric cancer syndrome associated with an autosomal dominant form of inheritance. GAPPS is characterized by gastric basal gland polyposis from the hilum to the body of the stomach. Li et al. in 2016 showed that the cause of the disease is a point mutation in the promotor 1B region of the APC gene, and genetic testing was used to confirm the diagnosis. If the patient has already developed gastric cancer, treatment should be based on the usual treatment for gastric cancer. If no distant metastases exist, a good prognosis can be expected by performing a total gastrectomy. On the other hand, patients with distant metastasis have a poor prognosis. In the case of dysplasia, prophylactic total gastrectomy is recommended, but because it is highly invasive and postoperative postgastrectomy syndrome must be considered, the decision should be made with careful consideration of the patient's background. Therefore, there are no guidelines for screening for GAPPS, the timing of prophylactic total gastrectomy, or methods of endoscopic surveillance. Because GAPPS is a rare disease, its natural history is still unclear. Further case series are needed to elucidate the molecular biology and clinicopathological features of GAPPS and to establish clinical management, including diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance. In this review, we provide an overview of GAPPS, its clinical management, and its problems, which will be useful for the treatment of GAPPS.