bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Obesidad, inflamación y glucocorticoides
Authors: Papapietro V. Karin , Guerrero P. Julia 
Published: June 2023

Obesity is a worldwide problem that also involves our country. It reduces life expectancy
and represents a high economic burden for individual and the society. A large amount of
economic and human resources has been allocated for obesity control and prevention. Obesity
is associated with the main non-transmissible diseases on this time: cardiovascular diseases,
type 2 diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, osteoarticular disease and some types of
cancer. The development of obesity include genetic, environmental and lifestyle factors. While
lipid accumulates into the adipocyte, it becomes in a tissue with hypertrophy and hyperplasia
and inflammatory cells infiltrate it. Although it is not known the primary stimulus that triggers
this inflammatory phenomenon, it is known this has deleterious consequences in the local and
systemic metabolism and give the obese phenotype with insulin resistance, atherogenesis
and inflammation. Glucocorticoids are steroidal hormones with multiple actions such as anti-
inflammatory properties. In obese patients, even when the plasma level of cortisol may be
normal, glucocorticoids are unable to achieve regulation of the pro-inflammatory state that
characterizes it. Bariatric surgery, along with recovering the weight, has been found to resolve
systemic inflammatory status. The relationship between bariatric surgery, weight recovery and
glucocorticoid activity has not been studied yet.
Genética y genómica en la atención de salud
Authors: Castillo T. Silvia 
Published: June 2023

The adequate use of information on sequences of the genetic material in human and other
organisms, as well as technological innovations, will allow significant advances in our
understanding of genetically based diseases and, more importantly, how health care is managed.
We review the main topics in Genomic Medicine and the skills required in health professionals to
apply them. Rare Diseases arise as a health issue in a country with good general indexes like
Chile and concerns around one million Chileans at some point in their lives. It emphasizes the
importance of sharing data to make progress in knowledge and management, while keeping
confidentiality measures. Some preliminary strategies are outlined in Chile to confront Genomic
Medicine. The position of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG)
is presented to the possibilities offered by the development of new technologies such as
genomic editing.
Serie guías clínicas: complicaciones del embarazo gemelar monocorial
Authors: Sepúlveda-Martínez Álvaro , Valdés R. Enrique , Parra-Cordero. Mauro 
Published: June 2023

Conocer las complicaciones específicas de gestaciones monocoriales.
Reconocer las formas de presentación de la restricción selectiva.
Identificar los hallazgos ecográficos para clasificar la transfusión feto-fetal.
Comprender las eventuales complicaciones perinatales del gemelo sobreviviente en casos de
cogemelo muerto.
Conocer el manejo integral de las gestaciones monocoriales
Conocimiento y actitud frente a exposición solar del personal de salud en Atención Primaria, comuna Recoleta, Santiago, Chile
Authors: Contreras N. Andrés , Zemelman D. Viviana , Zamudio M. Andrea 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: Skin cancer rates have increased worldwide despite the current prevention
measures. It’s crucial to evaluate people’s knowledge, attitudes, and behaviour regarding
sun exposure. Objective: To assess the knowledge and attitudes regarding sun exposure
in the workers from primary health care. Method: 223 workers from three Family Care
Centres(CESFAM) and from one Primary Emergency Service (SAPU) in the district of Recoleta
were surveyed between the months of October and November 2015. Fisher’s exact test
and Chi square test were used for statistic analysis. The survey included questions about
demographic variables, knowledge of the association between sun radiation/skin cancer and
attitudes towards sun protection. Results: the sample consists of 74 men and 149 women,
with a mean age of 37 years ±SD 7.9. Phototype III was the most common (41.3%). The
majority of the surveyed declared to be aware of the association between sun exposure and
skin cancer (93.3%). As photoprotecting measures, sunscreens (87.4%) and seeking shade
(71.3%) were the most frequently measures used. Regarding sunburns, 91.9% declared to
have at least one during their lifetime, 21.5% occurring during the previous summer. As to the
use of sunscreen, 42.1% referred only using while at the pool / beach and 12.6% declared
not to use it at all. As for health promotion, 29.1% declared they never recommend the use
of sun protection measures in their working practice. Discussion: Although there is adequate
knowledge regarding the effects of sun exposure, it doesn’t always reflect on favourable
attitudes and photoprotecting measures. There was a significantly greater amount of females
with adequate knowledge and use of sun protection measures. This study is one of the first to
assess photoprotection behaviour in health care workers.
Infarto agudo al miocardio en octogenarios, caracterización y comparación con pacientes menores en 20 años de registro
Authors: Ugalde P. Héctor , Sanhueza F. Maria Ignacia , Yubini L. María Cecilia , Rozas A. Sebastián 
Published: June 2023

Introduction: cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in Chile, being acute
myocardial infarction (AMI) the most frequent. Its incidence increases with age, so, as
the population gets older; a higher number of cases is expected. Despite this, AMI within
octogenarian patients (OP) has been understudied in our country and worldwide; there are
no specific guidelines for their management, only a few isolated studies that reveal the poor
applicability of the standard treatments indicated in AMI clinical guidelines. Objective: To
describe the clinical features, initial treatment, in-hospital evolution and five-year outcome of
OP with AMI, and compare them to patients under 80 years of age. Method: Consecutive
registration of all patients diagnosed with AMI that were hospitalized in our coronary unit
between 1988 and 2007. Description of clinical features, in-hospital and 5-year evolution of
all OP cases. Comparison to the younger group of patients through chi-square or t-student
tests, considering p-value
Pie diabético
Authors: Echeverría G. Valentina , Sotomayor L. Camila , Norambuena G. Mackarenna , Vidal V. Pamela , Campos G. Alejandro 
Published: June 2023

The prevalence of diabetes has increased considerably, constituting a global epidemic today.
Many of these patients will develop chronic complications of diabetes, including diabetic foot,
which aggravates the patient’s clinical condition, decreases the quality of life and has a great
socioeconomic impact. The most important action to reduce the morbidity and mortality
associated with this pathology is the prevention of this complication, performing a proper
metabolic management and serial control of the patient, educating about self-care of the
feet. Once diabetic foot ulcer is present, the cornerstones of treatment are debridement of
the wound, management of any infection, revascularization procedures when indicated, and
discharge of the ulcer, all of the above in order to avoid amputation. This article intends to
make a review about the epidemiology, pathophysiology, classification, diagnosis, prevention
and management of diabetic foot oriented to the primary care doctor
Péptidos inmunogénicos del gluten en deposiciones. Nuevo método para evaluar la adherencia a la dieta en pacientes celíacos
Authors: Miranda B. Julio , Covarrubias R. Natalia , Araneda M. Gonzalo , Hurtado H. Carmen , Defilippi G. Claudia 
Published: June 2023

Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune pathology caused by the ingestion of gluten in genetically
susceptible people, currently considered multisystemic. The treatment of CD is a lifelong strict
Gluten-Free Diet (GFD), which allows a symptomatic improvement in most patients and achieve
intestinal mucosa healing confirmed with histological study. The adherence to the GFD is
variable, arguing as possible factors related to failure the economic, cultural, social aspects
and the consumption of gluten inadvertently. The management of celiac patients contemplates
instructing in the proper follow-up of GFD and evaluating their adherence. So far, the only way
to assess adherence to GFD is through surveys, self-reports of eating habits and serology,
being the main disadvantage the subjectivity factor. Recently the immunogenic gluten peptides
have acquired relevance for the objective evaluation of the adherence to the GFD and the
measurement appears as an efficient and sensitive option to determine the gluten intake,
providing relevant information for the clinical management.
Ventajas de la medición de niveles plasmáticos de infliximab en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal
Authors: Rojas B. René , Covarrubias R. Natalia , Miranda B. Julio , Pérez de Arce O. Edith , Gompertz G. Macarena 
Published: June 2023

Inflammatory bowel disease includes Crohn ́s disease, ulcerative colitis and unclassified
colitis. Conventional therapies used for treating these diseases are often insufficient or
contraindicated and biological agents have proved to be effective and safe in these cases.
Infliximab is a quimeric IgG1 monoclonal anti-tumor necrosis factor antibody that is capable
of inducing and mantaining clinical remission in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
Despite its proven efficacy a considerable group of patients lose response requiring changes
in therapy. Serum Infliximab trough levels are correlated with clinical response, endoscopic
remission and mucosal healing in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Monitoring and
adjusting therapy guided by drug serum levels have proved to be more cost-effective and safer
than empiric adjustments. Current international guidelines recommend the measurement of
Infliximab trough levels in the global evaluation and management of these patients to improve
treatment, avoid adverse events and unnecessary costs.
Serie guías clínicas: parto prematuro
Authors: Parra-Cordero Mauro , Sepúlveda-Martínez Álvaro , Valdés R. Enrique 
Published: June 2023

Determinar factores de riesgo de parto prematuro espontáneo menor a 34 semanas.
Determinar las medidas de prevención de parto prematuro espontáneo menor a 34 semanas.
Conocer la alta tasa de falsos positivos del diagnóstico clínico de parto prematuro y el papel de la evaluación ecográfica del cérvix.
Conocer el concepto del uso de tocolisis en parto prematuro.
Valorar el papel de los corticoides y sulfato de magnesio en la reducción de morbimortalidad perinatal en el parto prematuro.
Evaluar el papel de los antibióticos en el parto prematuro con membranas íntegras.
Serie guías clínicas: Diabetes y embarazo (2ª parte). Complicaciones crónicas y tratamiento en el embarazo
Authors: Maldonado E. Hugo , López S. Gloria , Hasbun H. Jorge , Salinas P. Hugo , Parra- Cordero Mauro , Valdés R. Enrique 
Published: June 2023

Objetivo principal
Entregar recomendaciones basadas en la mejor evidencia disponible para apoyar las decisiones clínicas de los profesionales responsables de la atención médica de mujeres embarazadas con diabetes para prevenir y/o reducir las complicaciones maternas y perinatales asociadas a esta condición.
Objetivos secundarios
Estandarizar la detección y el diagnóstico de diabetes en el embarazo.
Promover la planificación del embarazo en mujeres diabéticas en edad fértil.
Detectar signos y síntomas maternos y fetales que indicarían la interrupción del embarazo en forma anticipada.
Identificar los principales riesgos neonatales de los hijos de madre con diabetes y cómo minimizarlos.
Identificar los cuidados que la mujer diabética tiene durante el puerperio.
Perniosis idiopática: reporte de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Authors: Valenzuela A. Fernando , Carvajal A. Daniela , Minuzzi Giacomo , Gárate G. Lorena 
Published: June 2023

Pernio (chilblains) is an inflammatory condition classically characterized by localized erythema and swelling of acral sites upon exposure to cool and damp conditions. It is reported a case of a 59-year-old otherwise healthy woman with acute primary perniosis. She had a 3-day history of lesions on the toes brought on by cold, damp weather. On initial presentation, a biopsy sample was taken of a hallux lesion, and the patient was given a trial course of oral pentoxifylline, topical corticoid and nifedipine therapy. Follow-up at 2 weeks showed complete relief of symptoms and the biopsy results confirmed the diagnosis. Pentoxifylline therapy has
been shown to be effective and should be considered the standard of care in the treatment of perniosis along with conservative environmental measures.The etiology and pathogenesis of perniosis are reviewed and discussed, as well as differential diagnoses and treatment options.
ARIA 2016: Resumen ejecutivo vías de atención integradas para una medicina preventiva a lo largo del ciclo vital
Authors: Guzmán M. María Antonieta , Calvo Mario , Abusada A. Nancy , Afani S. Alejandro , Álvarez Emilio , Caro Jorge , Pérez Tamara , Ruiz C. Mauricio , Sepúlveda C. Cecilia , Valdés A. Felipe , Agache Ioana , Bachert Claus Bachert , Bedrook Anna , Canonica G Walter , Casale Thomas , Cruz Alvaro , Fokkens Wytske , Hellings Peter W , Samolinski Boleslaw , Bousquet Jean 
Published: June 2023

The Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative commenced during a World Health Organization (WHO) workshop in 1999. The initial goals were (i) to propose a new allergic rhinitis classification, (ii) to promote the concept of multi-morbidity in asthma and rhinitis and (iii) to develop guidelines with all stakeholders for global use in all countries and populations. ARIA - disseminated and implemented in over 70 countries globally - is now focusing on the implementation of emerging technologies for individualized and predictive medicine. MASK (MACVIA (Contre les MAladies Chroniques pour un VIeillissement Actif)-ARIA Sentinel NetworK)
uses mobile technology to develop care pathways in order to enable the management of rhinitis and asthma by a multi-disciplinary group or by patients themselves. An App (Android and iOS) is available in 20 countries and 15 languages. It uses a visual analogue scale to assess symptom control and work productivity as well as a clinical decision support system. It is associated with an
inter-operable tablet for physicians and other health care professionals. The scaling up strategy uses the recommendations of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing.
Síndrome coronario agudo sin supradesnivel ST. Diagnóstico y tratamiento inicial
Authors: Ugalde P. Héctor 
Published: June 2023

Coronary heart disease can manifest as stable or unstable forms, being these variations
differentiated mainly by the underlying pathophysiological cause, their clinical presentation
and the risk associated to each of these clinical presentations. In the unstable form, nowadays
known as acute coronary syndrome, recommendations over its characterization and particularly
its management are periodically updated in published international guidelines about this topic.
Their epidemiological relevance makes important that these aspects should be known by
anyone that sees patients in their practices, motivating this review in which we will summarize
aspects of the clinical presentation, initial studies and management of the acute coronary
syndrome without ST segment elevation emphasizing novelties from the last few years.
Perfil de presión uretral
Authors: Valdevenito S. Juan Pablo 
Published: June 2023

The “urethral pressure profile” is a graph indicating the intraluminal pressure along the length
of the urethra and the “urethral closure pressure profile” is given by the substraction of
intravesical pressure (pves) from urethral pressure (pura). Both aim to represent the ability
of the urethra to prevent involuntary leakage of urine on efforts or exertion. The continuous
measurement of pves also allows the detection of detrusor contractions. In this article we will
refer to its terminology, the necessary equipment to carry it out, the examination technique,
its morphology in women and men, and the stress urethral pressure profile in women. The
most important parameter is the “maximum urethral closure pressure”, which is the maximum
difference between pura and pves; a value ≤ 20 cm H2O participates in the urodynamic definition
of intrinsic sphincter deficiency (together with an abdominal leak point pressure ≤ 60 cm H2O).
However, it must be taken into account that the different techniques used for its measurement
has led to inconsistent results, which makes their acceptance in clinical practice difficult.
Actualización del manejo de metástasis encefálicas
Authors: Zomosa R. Gustavo , González J. Lucas , Miranda G. Gonzalo , Galleguillos E. María Fernanda , Arellano A. Anita 
Published: June 2023

rain metastases represent a critical stage of oncological disease and its frequency is
increasing over the recent years. The treatment of brain metastases has moved from a
conservative approach to an active management that should be individualized for each patient:
in case of single brain metastasis, surgery or radiosurgery should be considered as first option
of treatment; in case of multiple lesions, whole-brain radiotherapy is the standard of care. The
aim of this review is to present general aspects including new approaches in management of
patients with brain metastases.
Lesiones músculo-esqueléticas de hombro en usuarios de silla de ruedas
Authors: Bueno B. Daniel , Amador C. Paola 
Published: June 2023

Manual wheelchair is one the most used mobility device in people that is unable to walk.
It enhances functional independence in non ambulant people, but it costs a great energy
expenditure and is a source of painful musculoskeletal injuries. The most frequently affected
joint in manual wheelchair users is the shoulder (rotator cuff tendinopathy and subacromial
impingement). In this review, we aim to describe the risk factors and biomechanical issues that
make wheelchair users more prone to develop shoulder pain. Further, we discuss potencial
approaches for the prevention and early treatment of these injuries.
Predictores de dolor anterior de rodilla en pacientes operados de artroplastia total de rodilla sin reemplazo patelar
Authors: Barahona V. Maximiliano , Barrientos M. Cristián , Barahona V. Macarena , Guzmán G. Mauricio , Ramírez P. Marcela 
Published: June 2023

Osteoarthrosis of the knee is one of the most important causes of disability around the world, being total knee arthroplasty (TKA) a cost-effective surgical procedure for treating its severe stage when all knee compartments are compromised. Despite the good functional results and good survival of the implants and of the patients, still, 15 to 20% of the patients are dissatisfied after surgery. One of the causes of dissatisfaction is persistent pain located in the anterior part of the knee, which leads to controversy over whether to perform the patellar replacement. Advantages and complications are described in both scenarios, and neither is superior to the other in pain and implant survival. In the case of TKA without patellar replacement, the position of the femoral component plays a crucial role in achieving normal patellar tracking. The current challenge is to determine those clinical and radiological variables that allow us to predict the absence of long-term anterior pain in patients who require TKA and who do not undergo patellar replacement.
Liderazgo pedagógico del proceso educativo en el Centro de Formación Integral Bilingüe de Azuero en Panamá durante la pandemia COVID-19
Authors: Viale-Salazar Rafael , Jurado López Rafael Arnoldo , Batista Peralta Dora Rosaura , Asprilla Bousiquot Carlos Alberto , Gómez-Rudy Carlos Manuel 
Published: June 2023

A nivel mundial, la pandemia del COVID-19 impactó en el desempeño normal de la educación. Frente a los retos de distanciamiento social, se estableció la necesidad emergente de utilizar tecnologías y otros recursos que garantizaran el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje, donde los docentes debieron fortalecer sus capacidades de liderazgo pedagógico para alcanzar los objetivos de formación. Entendiendo que el liderazgo pedagógico es la capacidad de potenciar el aprendizaje usando el conocimiento profesional como base para adaptarse a las situaciones, el objetivo de la investigación fue identificar el liderazgo pedagógico de los docentes del Centro de Formación Integral Bilingüe de Azuero en Panamá mediante la aplicación del currículum priorizado, tomando como referencia el cumplimiento del proceso educativo mediante el uso de plataformas virtuales en el contexto de la cuarentena ocasionada por el COVID-19, en el año lectivo 2020. Se realizó una investigación de tipo descriptiva con enfoque mixto a una población de 70 docentes, que laboraban en ese momento en el Centro de Formación Integral Bilingüe de Azuero, a quienes se les aplicó un cuestionario, obteniendo una tasa de respuesta del 71%. Los resultados revelaron que los docentes incorporaban procesos de planificación puntuales (90%), nuevas estrategias metodológicas (90%), un acercamiento a los fundamentos conceptuales (80%) y mecanismos de comunicación claros y sencillos (96%) que evidenciaron el liderazgo pedagógico de los docentes como un factor de éxito para cumplir los objetivos del currículum priorizado en situación de emergencia, para enfrentar la dinámica de clases durante la pandemia.
Preparación del docente de la primera infancia para el enfrentamiento al cambio climático
Authors: González Calderón María Josefa 
Published: June 2023

La preparación del personal docente para el enfrentamiento al cambio climático, como parte de la educación continua y permanente, responde a las transformaciones y exigencias sociales actuales de la política educacional cubana que se lleva a cabo en estos momentos, representando una tarea necesaria y de gran impacto. La investigación que se realiza define como objetivo: presentar la experiencia de una multimedia educativa que contribuya a la preparación de los docentes para enfrentar el cambio climático con los cuales los docentes tienen la posibilidad de interactuar con sonidos, imágenes, vídeos, animaciones, gráficos, textos y ejercicios, los que enriquecen los contenidos y aspiraciones deseadas. Se emplearon métodos de investigación del nivel teórico, empíricos y matemáticos, así como el criterio de especialistas para la valoración de la propuesta arrojando el limitado conocimiento que presentan los docentes sobre las concepciones teóricas acerca del cambio climático y de su tratamiento en las actividades del proceso educativo, por lo que se elaboró una multimedia por ser un medio informático interactivo y novedoso que permite ofrecer el conocimiento y la didáctica del tema a los docentes, la misma cuenta con fuentes bibliográficas, materiales docentes a consultar relacionados con el cambio climático y el Plan de Estado para el Enfrentamiento al Cambio Climático “Tarea Vida”, vídeos, glosario de términos, actividades educativas, juegos didácticos, planificación del día para diferentes años de vida y orientaciones a la familia, dirigidos al tratamiento de acciones y problemáticas ambientales sobre el cambio climático.