bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thermal analysis of suspended single droplet evaporation measurements with a coupled lumped parameter model
Authors: Csemány Dávid 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe measurement data of single droplet evaporation experiments are often biased due to the extra heat input through the fiber suspension and the presence of thermal radiation in hot environments. This encumbers model validation for heat and mass transfer simulations of liquid droplets. In this paper, a thermal analysis of this measurement layout is presented with a coupled lumped parameter model, considering heat conduction through the suspension. The model was validated by experimental data from the literature and good agreements were found. The thermal analysis focused on fiber material and geometry, and thermal radiation properties. Calculations were performed on a broad range of ambient conditions for liquids with different volatility characteristics. Temporal squared droplet diameter- and temperature-profiles, furthermore, droplet stationary evaporation rate were used to characterize vaporization phenomena. The thermal balance of the droplet is dominated by the convective heat rate from the environment in the early stage of evaporation. The effect of heat conduction through the fiber becomes important at the end of the droplet lifetime when the droplet size is decreased. Temperature sensor suspension may seriously bias droplet temperature due to the larger thermal conductivity compared to quartz fiber. Large droplets in high-temperature environments show significant sensitivity to thermal radiation properties, which should be considered in measurements and model validation.
An observational study on the interactions between storm tracks and sea ice in the Southern Hemisphere
Authors: Zhang Li , Ren Xuya , Wang Chuan-Yang , Gan Bolan , Wu Lixin , Cai Wenju 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUsing the lagged maximum covariance analysis (MCA), the present study investigates the interannual variability of the storm track in the Southern Hemisphere and the Antarctic sea ice throughout the year. The results show that the two are most tightly coupled in the austral cold seasons. Specifically, storm track anomalies in June and July are associated with a zonal dipole structure of the sea ice concentration (SIC) anomalies in the western Hemisphere, with centers in the Antarctic Peninsula and the Amundsen-Bellingshausen Seas. The storm track can modulate the large-scale atmospheric circulations, which induces anomalous meridional heat transport, downward longwave radiation, and mechanical forcing to further influence the SIC anomalies. The resultant SIC anomalies can last for several months and have the potential to feed back to the storm track. According to the MCA, the influence of the SIC anomalies to the storm track is most evident in August. The SIC dipole along with the SIC anomalies in the Indian Ocean sector have large impact on the storm track activities downstream. The SIC anomalies alters the near-surface temperature gradient and subsequently atmospheric baroclinicity. Further energetic analysis suggests that the enhanced atmospheric baroclinicity facilitates the baroclinic energy conversion from mean available potential energy to eddy available potential energy, and then to eddy kinetic energy, strengthening the storm track activities over the midlatitude Indian Ocean.
Cryptic exon detection and transcriptomic changes revealed in single-nuclei RNA sequencing of C9ORF72 patients spanning the ALS-FTD spectrum
Authors: Gittings Lauren M. , Alsop Eric B. , Antone Jerry , Singer Mo , Whitsett Timothy G. , Sattler Rita , Van Keuren-Jensen Kendall 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe C9ORF72-linked diseases amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are characterized by the nuclear depletion and cytoplasmic accumulation of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43). Recent studies have shown that the loss of TDP-43 function leads to the inclusion of cryptic exons (CE) in several RNA transcript targets of TDP-43. Here, we show for the first time the detection of CEs in a single-nuclei RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) dataset obtained from frontal and occipital cortices of C9ORF72 patients that phenotypically span the ALS-FTD disease spectrum. We assessed each cellular cluster for detection of recently described TDP-43-induced CEs. Transcripts containing CEs in the genes STMN2 and KALRN were detected in the frontal cortex of all C9ORF72 disease groups with the highest frequency in excitatory neurons in the C9ORF72-FTD group. Within the excitatory neurons, the cluster with the highest proportion of cells containing a CE had transcriptomic similarities to von Economo neurons, which are known to be vulnerable to TDP-43 pathology and selectively lost in C9ORF72-FTD. Differential gene expression and pathway analysis of CE-containing neurons revealed multiple dysregulated metabolic processes. Our findings reveal novel insights into the transcriptomic changes of neurons vulnerable to TDP-43 pathology.
Screening biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with PD-L1 overexpression
Authors: Zhu Xiaodan , Yu Bo , Shen Yanli , Zhao Yan , Fu Xiyujing , Zhu Yunji , Gu Guomin , Liu Chunling 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Immunotherapy plays an important role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC); in particular, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy has good therapeutic effects in PD-L1-positive patients. This study aims to screen NSCLC patients with PD-L1-positive expression and select effective biomarkers for ICI immunotherapy.

Methods
Collected tumor samples from the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University and 117 patients with stage III–IV NSCLC were included in the study. All patients were on first- or second-line therapy and not on targeted therapy. Based on the molecular profiles and clinical features, we screened biomarkers for predicting the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with PD-L1 overexpression.

Results
117 NSCLC patients receiving ICIs immunotherapy were enrolled. First, we found that immunotherapy was more effective in patients with positive PD-L1 expression. Second, we found that ROS1 gene mutations, KRAS gene mutations, tumor stage, and the endocrine system diseases history are independent prognostic factors for PD-L1 positive patients. Then we combined independent risk factors and constructed a new Nomogram to predict the therapeutic efficacy of ICIs immunotherapy in PD-L1 positive patients. The Nomogram integrates these factors into a prediction model, and the predicted C-statistic of 3 months, 6 months and 12 months are 0.85, 0.84 and 0.85, which represents the high predictive accuracy of the model.

Conclusions
We have established a model that can predict the efficacy of ICIs immunotherapy in PD-L1 positive patients. The model consists of ROS1 gene mutations, KRAS gene mutations, tumor staging, and endocrine system disease history, and has good predictive ability.
Learning class-agnostic masks with cross-task refinement for weakly supervised semantic segmentation
Authors: Xu Lian , Bennamoun Mohammed , Boussaid Farid , Ouyang Wanli , Xu Dan 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWeakly supervised semantic segmentation (WSSS) commonly relies on Class Activation Mapping (CAM) to produce pseudo semantic labels using image-level annotations. However, because CAM maps often form sparse object regions with poor boundaries, they cannot provide sufficient segmentation supervision. Because off-the-shelf saliency maps can provide rich object boundaries that can be leveraged to improve semantic segmentation, we propose to jointly learn semantic segmentation and class-agnostic masks by using image-level annotations and off-the-shelf saliency maps as supervision. We also propose a cross-task label refinement mechanism, which takes advantage of the learned class-agnostic masks and semantic segmentation masks, to refine the pseudo labels and provide more accurate supervision to both tasks. Moreover, we introduce a new normalization method for CAM to generate more complete class-specific localization maps. The improved CAM maps complement our learned class-agnostic masks, leading to high-quality pseudo semantic segmentation labels. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, with state-of-the-art WSSS results established on PASCAL VOC 2012 and MS COCO.
Degramnet: effective audio analysis based on a fully learnable time–frequency representation
Authors: Foggia Pasquale , Greco Antonio , Roberto Antonio , Saggese Alessia , Vento Mario 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCurrent state-of-the-art audio analysis algorithms based on deep learning rely on hand-crafted Spectrogram-like audio representations, that are more compact than descriptors obtained from the raw waveform; the latter are, in turn, far from achieving good generalization capabilities when few data are available for the training. However, Spectrogram-like representations have two main limitations: (1) The parameters of the filters are defined a priori, regardless of the specific audio analysis task; (2) such representations do not perform any denoising operation on the audio signal, neither in the time domain nor in the frequency domain. To overcome these limitations, we propose a new general-purpose convolutional architecture for audio analysis tasks that we call DEGramNet, which is trained with audio samples described with a novel, compact and learnable time–frequency representation that we call DEGram. The proposed representation is fully trainable: Indeed, it is able to learn the frequencies of interest for the specific audio analysis task; in addition, it performs denoising through a custom time–frequency attention module, which amplifies the frequency and time components in which the sound is actually located. It implies that the proposed representation can be easily adapted to the specific problem at hands, for instance giving more importance to the voice frequencies when the network needs to be used for speaker recognition. DEGramNet achieved state-of-the-art performance on the VGGSound dataset (for Sound Event Classification) and comparable accuracy with a complex and special-purpose approach based on network architecture search over the VoxCeleb dataset (for Speaker Identification). Moreover, we demonstrate that DEGram allows to achieve high accuracy with lightweight neural networks that can be used in real-time on embedded systems, making the solution suitable for Cognitive Robotics applications.
Acceleration of iterative refinement for singular value decomposition
Authors: Uchino Yuki , Terao Takeshi , Ozaki Katsuhisa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractWe propose fast numerical algorithms to improve the accuracy of singular vectors for a real matrix. Recently, Ogita and Aishima proposed an iterative refinement algorithm for singular value decomposition that is constructed with highly accurate matrix multiplications carried out six times per iteration. The algorithm runs for the problem that has no multiple and clustered singular values. In this study, we show that the same algorithm can be run with highly accurate matrix multiplications carried out five times. Also, we proposed four algorithms constructed with highly accurate matrix multiplications, two algorithms with the multiplications carried out four times, and the other two with the multiplications carried out five times. These algorithms adopt the idea of a mixed-precision iterative refinement method for linear systems. Numerical experiments demonstrate speed-up and quadratic convergence of the proposed algorithms. As a result, the fastest algorithm is 1.7 and 1.4 times faster than the Ogita-Aishima algorithm per iteration on a CPU and GPU, respectively.
Recognizing non-designers’ contribution in the process of designing information on visual management boards: a metaphorical approach
Authors: Söderlund Carina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThis paper presents a sub-study on participatory design in visual management (VM), bracketed from a larger case study. In this case, VM refers to the recurrent meetings when managers and co-workers use dashboards (VM boards) to continuously organize work activities and performances and contribute to the ongoing development and improvements within the organization. The study focuses on when the managers and co-workers are participating in the process of designing and visualizing work-related information regarding workload for future VM boards. This paper emphasizes collaborative workshops and the creation of moodboards as participatory methods, and the application of theories of metaphorical thinking and conceptual and visual metaphors. The findings show that participants perceive the visual output they create metaphorically, in this case, the moodboards. Such visual outputs represent conceptual and visual metaphors that evoke the participants’ sharing of core concepts and an establishment of stories related to the information to be designed. In turn, the metaphors and the storytelling stress desires, visions, objectives, and themes, besides workplace atmospheres, norms, and values governing the workplace. This understanding translates to shared work experiences where conceptual and visual thinking impact how work teams develop work-related information on VM boards together.
Friends During Hard Times: Evidence from the Great Depression
Authors: Babina Tania , García Diego , Tate Geoffrey 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUsing a novel data set of over 3,500 public and private firms, we construct the network of executive and director connections prior to the 1929 financial market crash. We find that more connected firms have 17% higher 10-year survival rates. Consistent with a working capital channel, the results are strongest for small, private, cash-poor firms, and firms located in counties with high bank suspension rates. Moreover, connections to cash-rich firms that increase accounts receivable matter the most. Our results suggest that network connections can play a stabilizing role during a financial crisis by easing the flow of capital to constrained firms.
The synergetic effects of 4-nonylphenol and polyethylene microplastics in Cyprinus carpio juveniles using blood biomarkers
Authors: Ammar Esraa , Hamed Mohamed , Mohamed Mahmoud S. , Sayed Alaa El-Din H. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMicroplastics are widely distributed in aquatic ecosystems along with other chemical pollutants. Therefore, it is vital to study the health-hazardous effects of MPs in combination with 4-nonylphenol (4-NP), which is a highly abundant industrial waste and a critical alkylphenol endocrine disruptor. We investigated the effects of the exposure to polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs), 4-NP, and their combination on blood biomarkers in Cyprinus carpio juveniles. Four study groups were treated for 15 consecutive days: (1) control group, (2) 10 mg/L PE-MP group, (3) 10 mg/L PE-MPs + 200 µg/L 4-NP group, and (4) 200 µg/L 4-NP group, followed by 15 days of recovery. Biochemical analyses showed that creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose, liver enzymes, total protein, and A/G ratios were significantly increased after exposure to PE-MPs, 4-NP, and the combination. Hematological parameters (RBC's, Hb, Ht, neutrophil percentage, and WBC's) were significantly decreased in the three exposure groups, whereas mean corpuscular volume and lymphocyte percentages were significantly increased. The 15-day recovery period improved most hematobiochemical parameters and PE-MP accumulation indices. Taken together, we demonstrated the hazardous effects of PE-MP and 4-NP combinations on C. carpio blood parameters and highlighted their potential risk to human health.
Treatment Time and Treatment Selection in Aphasia: A Preliminary Study Using Vignettes
Authors: Hinckley Jacqueline , Sanchez Leticia 
Published: July 2023

Purpose:Little is known about the factors that clinicians use when selecting treatments. The purpose of this preliminary study was to explore a possible factor, available treatment time, in the aphasia treatment selection process.Method:A case-based vignette survey was created using de-identified assessment data from the AphasiaBank database. Six vignettes varied by aphasia type and severity and were presented under two different treatment time alternatives: 7.5 or 60 hr. Respondents were asked to select the single treatment that they would “almost certainly use” under each treatment time scenario. Treatment options were obtained from the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Practice Portal. Respondents also answered questions about their confidence level in administering the treatments and their primary reason for selecting a particular treatment for each case scenario.Results:A total of 26 practicing speech-language pathologists with at least 5 years of clinical experience with aphasia completed the survey. A majority of respondents (76%–84%) changed the treatment they would “almost certainly use” based on a change in treatment time availability. The most frequently given reason for the overall treatment selection was that the treatment was likely to produce a functional outcome. Neither the respondents' reported confidence levels nor their years of experience were related to treatment selection.Conclusions:This is one of the first studies to investigate how clinicians select aphasia treatment. Treatment time emerged as a consistent factor in selecting aphasia treatment in this preliminary study. Recommendations for next research steps are given. We suggest that aphasia treatment research be disseminated with clear information about required treatment time.Supplemental Material:https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23646855
Evolutionary studies of the bHLH transcription factors belonging to MBW complex: their role in seed development
Authors: Zumajo-Cardona Cecilia , Gabrieli Flavio , Anire Jovannemar , Albertini Emidio , Ezquer Ignacio , Colombo Lucia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background and aims
The MBW complex consist of proteins belonging to three major families (MYB, bHLH and WDR) involved in various processes throughout plant development: epidermal cell development, mucilage secretory cells and flavonoid biosynthesis. Recently, it has been reported that TT8, encoding a bHLH transcription factor, is involved in the biosynthesis of flavonoids in the seed coat and it also plays a role in bypassing the postzygotic barrier resulting from an unbalance in genetic loads of the parental lines. Here, we focus on the functional evolution, in seed development, of the bHLH proteins that are part of the MBW complex, complemented with a literature review.

Methods
Phylogenetic analyses performed across seed plants and expression analyses in the reproductive tissues of four selected angiosperms (Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica napus, Capsella rubella and Solanum lycopersicum) allow us to hypothesize on the evolution of its functions.

Key Results
TT8 expression in the innermost layer of the seed coat is conserved in the selected angiosperms. However, except for Arabidopsis, TT8 is also expressed in ovules, carpels and fruits. The homologues belonging to the sister clade of TT8, EGL3/GL3, involved in trichome development, are expressed in the outermost layer of the seed coat, suggesting potential roles in mucilage.

Conclusions
The ancestral function of these genes appears to be flavonoid biosynthesis, and the conservation of TT8 expression patterns in the innermost layer of the seed coat in angiosperms suggests that their function in postzygotic barriers might also be conserved. Moreover, the literature review and the results of the present study suggest a sophisticated association, linking the mechanisms of action of these genes to the cross-communication activity between the different tissues of the seed. Thus, it provides avenues to study the mechanisms of action of TT8 in the postzygotic triploid block, which is crucial because it impacts seed development in unbalanced crosses.
Subjective and Objective Taste Change After Cochlear Implantation Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kons Zachary A. , Lee Lawrance , Coelho Daniel H. 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionThere is a paucity of data reporting the rate of chorda tympani nerve injury during cochlear implantation (CI) surgery. To better provide clarity to patients and surgeons regarding the risk of taste change, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies examining taste change after CI.Data SourcesPubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were queried.MethodsDatabases were queried according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Search terms included “(chorda tympani OR gustatory OR taste OR chemosensory OR dysgeusia OR nervus intermedius) AND (cochlea OR cochlear implant OR cochlear implantation).” Prospective studies were included and further divided into “objective” and “subjective” assessments of taste dysfunction. A systematic review was performed for all studies. A random-effects model was used to compare studies with similar methods and patient demographics.ResultsThe initial database query yielded 2,437 articles, which were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Nine appropriate studies were identified, including 442 total patients—254 with subjective assessment and 271 with objective assessment of gustation. Seventeen of 144 patients (11.8%) reported short-term taste change (incidence = 0.09 [0.02–0.16], 95% confidence interval with pooled data). Twenty-six of 265 patients (9.8%) reported long-term taste change (incidence = 0.07 [0.01–0.13]). Objective results were heterogenous and therefore not amenable to pooled meta-analysis.ConclusionsTaste change from chorda tympani nerve injury is a likely underrecognized complication of CI and may be the most common adverse consequence of CI surgery. Surgeons should counsel prospective patients on this potential complication and that the risk of taste change may persist longer than the immediate postoperative period.
Effect of Laughter Yoga on Sleep and Quality of Life in Individuals With Fecal Ostomies
Authors: Harputlu Deniz , Öztürk Fatma Özlem , Aydın Durucan , Akyol Cihangir , Tezel Ayfer 
Published: July 2023

PURPOSE:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of laughter yoga on the quality of life and sleep quality in individuals with fecal ostomies.

DESIGN:
This was randomized controlled trial.

SUBJECTS AND SETTING:
The sample comprised 55 individuals with an ostomy who received care at Ankara University's I˙bni Sina Hospital Stoma Therapy Unit in Ankara, Turkey. Data were collected over a 2-month period (January and February 2020).

METHODS:
Participants were allocated into an intervention group (n = 27) who received a yoga therapy intervention and a control group (n = 28) who received no intervention via simple randomization. Demographic and pertinent clinical variables were obtained during a baseline visit in both groups, along with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Stoma-Quality of Life (Stoma-QOL) instruments. The intervention group received laughter yoga weekly over a period of 8 weeks.

RESULTS:
Mean scores on the PSQI and the Stoma-QOL at baseline were compared. Participants in the intervention had a significant decline in mean PSQI scores (6.85 vs 5.48, P = .044) indicating improvement in sleep quality following the intervention. Analysis revealed no significant difference in mean Stoma-QOL scores (P = .077). Control group participants had no significant difference in either mean PSQI or Stoma-QOL scores following data collection at the end of 8 weeks.

CONCLUSIONS:
Laughter yoga had a positive effect on the sleep quality in individuals with fecal ostomies. Further research is recommended to evaluate the effect of the number of laughter yoga sessions on the sleep quality and quality of life in individuals with ostomies.