bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Learning from Love: Reasoning, Respect, and the Value of a Person
Authors: Ebels-Duggan Kyla 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This chapter argues that we learn the moral attitude and grasp the reasons that support it through experience of loving individuals. We have good reason to affirm that each person has the incomparable worth that Kant calls dignity, as well as reason to treat each person in accord with this value. But we cannot arrive at these commitments just through argument or reasoning. The experience of interpersonal love is our normal way of coming to understand the value of a person, or grasping the content of the concept of dignity. Though we can then reason to the belief that each person has this value, there are further obstacles to arriving at a robust moral outlook that reasoning is not well-suited to address. Along with interpersonal love, singular respect and witnessing the love of others can provide resources for addressing these obstacles. In fact, the idea that we could establish the authority of our moral commitments just by reasoning is itself in tension with these commitments. The chapter concludes with some reflections on the implications for the practice of moral philosophy.
The Readable Darwin
Authors: Pechenik Jan A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Charles Darwin published the first edition of The Origin of Species in 1859, explaining the morphological and behavioral diversity of life on Earth and the roles that selection and extinction have played in shaping that diversity over huge amounts of time. It is fair to say that the world hasn’t been the same since. The book is also an outstanding example of logical and completely honest scientific thinking. However, the book is rarely read now, even by biologists. Many of Darwin’s sentences and paragraphs are long and unwieldy, and he refers to a great many people and organisms that most readers are not familiar with. The final edition (the sixth) was published in 1872, and it includes Darwin’s responses to the many arguments that were advanced against his propositions about evolutionary changes over time. To make it easier for people to read this wonderful and important book, the editor of this volume has edited all 15 chapters into more readable prose and has added many footnotes to facilitate understanding and explain Darwin’s thinking. The editor has also indicated where Darwin was correct and where he was wrong.
A Singing Approach to Horn Playing
Authors: Douglass Grana Natalie 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
“A Singing Approach to Horn Playing” trains hornists to play with greater accuracy and musicality by developing the ear. Horn players learn to actively hear the notes on the page through singing and playing the instrument. Each example includes solfège, inner hearing, transposition, and rhythmic training as well as polyphonic exercises for learning to hear and read in multiple parts. These exercises can be done independently or with a partner. The book begins with folk songs to develop fundamental pitch and solfège skills, starting with three and four note melodies. These songs are followed by canons, solfeggio (vocal etudes transcribed for horn), and standard horn literature. The horn selections enable hornists to apply their musicianship skills to performance, with examples from standard etudes, orchestral excerpts, and solos. The horn parts also include significant orchestral and accompaniment lines to sing and play on horn, so that horn players can perform with practical knowledge of the score.
Voting Rights
Authors: Darby Derrick 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This chapter reconstructs the US Supreme Court’s racial progress argument in Shelby County. It also raises concerns about ways of answering it that merely replace a conservative narrative about racial progress with a liberal one. Although the latter narrative is compelling, and the Court’s overall argument for striking down the coverage formula is deeply flawed, it is unwise to rest the entire case for saving the Voting Rights Act and defending the right to vote—moving forward—on winning the racial progress argument. This is especially true in a nation so smitten by the view that we have reached the “postracial” promised land, and where this fanciful outlook is arguably now entrenched in Supreme Court equal protection doctrine. This chapter proves further evidence of the limits of race-first reasoning—this time to stave off a retreat from racial progress—when faced with a conservative judiciary.
Collective Responsibility
Authors: Darby Derrick 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This chapter argues for a forward-looking basis for grounding the shared political responsibility to address unjust racial inequality. This is attractive given what is known from empirical research in social psychology. This knowledge includes the limits of playing the blame game and how majority in-group members frame inequality as a problem of minority disadvantage rather than majority privilege to avoid blame and collective guilt. Also included is how placing blame on the majority can be an obstacle to majority members forging the political solidarity with the minority that is necessary for collectively changing unjust social institutions. This argument is developed by drawing upon the role that basic societal institutions—on which everyone depends and has a stake in sustaining—play in shaping the distributive outcomes that stem from a unified system of social cooperation.
Making Voting Easier
Authors: Darby Derrick 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This chapter presents an argument for making voting easier for the masses that does not turn on flying the race-first flag. It draws on a central idea in philosopher John Rawls’s theory of justice as fairness, namely, the idea that basic political liberties should be afforded fair value in a just, liberal, democratic society. An important guideline for guaranteeing the fair value of voting rights, that is, the usefulness to citizens of their right to vote, is to make it easier, not harder, to exercise this basic political liberty. This entails that just societies with a constitutional commitment to equal protection, and the value of equality more broadly, have a prima facie duty to secure unencumbered access to the ballot absent narrowly tailored compelling state interests for restricting it. And where there are such interests, the burden imposed on voting must accord with the basic priority of voting rights.
The Antarctica Peninsula, the Falklands, and South Georgia
Authors: Summerhayes Colin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The Antarctic Peninsula is an island arc flanked by a deep ocean trench. Volcanism is active in the Bransfield Strait, a back-arc basin. The arc is a continuation of the Andes, broken by the Drake Passage. Lying north of the Antarctic Circle, the peninsula is the warmest part of the continent, largely because it is bathed by warm winds from the north that circulate around the Amundsen Sea low pressure center. In 1950–2000 the peninsula warmed by c.2.5°C (4.5°F). It cooled slightly in 2000–2014, when local winds turned easterly, but is now warming again. Glaciers are shrinking and sea ice is disappearing down the west coast; ice shelves are disappearing down the east coast. Where sea ice disappeared, Adélie penguins declined; other species thrived, including Elephant and Weddell seals. Easterly winds blow icebergs into the Southern Ocean through Iceberg Alley along the peninsula’s east coast, but icebergs are rare on its west coast north of 65°N.
Rising Seas
Authors: Summerhayes Colin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Sea level changed with CO2 over the past 500 million years in response to plate tectonic forcing (abundant mid-ocean ridges provide CO2, and raise sea level). Sea level is thus a barometer of Earth’s climate states, falling as ice sheets grow. Following Milankovitch Cycles of insolation, it fluctuated with ice volume and CO2 throughout the Pleistocene ice age. During the Anthropocene, deltas (human breadbaskets) are being flooded (1) by meltwater contributions, and (2) due to subsidence caused by the cutting off of their supply of silt by dams upstream. The rate of global sea level rise has accelerated to 4 mm/yr (c. 3/16 of an inch/yr). Rises of up to c.1.8 m (5.9 ft) are expected by 2100 as the world warms, possibly reaching 10–14 m (33–46 ft) in the 300-year time frame, as occurred in Pliocene times. Where ice is melting, sea level will fall as the land rises, relieved of its icy burden.
Our Future
Authors: Summerhayes Colin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The warming of the air by CO2 emissions began in the mid 1800s, rose slowly at first then rapidly after 1950, when &gt;90% of fossil fuels were burned. Global overheating is now melting the reflective snow and ice forming Earth’s refrigerator. 90% of the warmth from global warming lies in the ocean, where it is penetrating to greater depths. Melting land ice and ocean warming are raising sea level. Greenland and West Antarctica are the main sources of meltwater, supplemented by melting ice in mountains. Melting ice and rising seas lag temperature rise, but will come into equilibrium with it over some hundreds of years. Ceasing CO2 emissions at a level that maintains warming at 1.5°C (2.7°F) or more above its level in 1900 guarantees continued ice melt and sea level rise. To stop this we must reduce CO2 to 300 ppm. Only governments can do this, with the aid of current and new technologies. Individuals can help by changing their habits. We need intentional planetary engineering.
Conversion in Germany
Authors: Der Manuelian Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractReisner arrives in Berlin for additional Semitic language study and work on cuneiform texts in the Berlin Museum under Adolf Erman. It is in Berlin that he gains his first instruction in Egyptology, primarily under Erman, Kurt Sethe, and Heinrich Schäfer. After three years, and some Assyriological publications, in particular a translation of newly acquired texts from Telloh, with funding depleted, Reisner returns home to Harvard as a one-year lecturer. No funds are forthcoming to keep him beyond one year, so he accepts a last-minute offer to join the international catalogue commission at the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, at the invitation of his Berlin friend and colleague Ludwig Borchardt. Each of the catalogue commission members is to be responsible for studying and publishing volumes on discrete categories of objects in the museum.
Archaeology in Wartime: Kerma, Gammai, Deir el-Bersha
Authors: Der Manuelian Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDespite the outbreak of war, Reisner determined that continuing his excavations was in the best interests of all concerned. The formerly German concession for Akhenaten’s capital city of Amarna was dangled before Reisner by the British authorities but ultimately fell to English control. MFA supporter Gardiner Martin Lane’s unexpected death cast doubt on Reisner’s continuing support from Boston. MFA Registrar Hanford Lyman Story joined the expedition, first to work at Giza on behalf of Clarence Fisher, now directing his own endowed Penn Museum expedition. Story managed the “minor cemetery” west of the Great Pyramid while Reisner and Fisher were busy at Kerma. Then he supervised the Middle Kingdom cliff-tomb site of Deir el-Bersha in 1915. This resulted in the discovery of tomb 10A, belonging to Djehuty-nakht, with a spectacular painted wooden coffin and hundreds of boat and other models. Ashton Sanborn first enters the story as an assistant to Clarence Fisher, while tensions begin to rise between Reisner and some of his German colleagues on the opposite side of the war. Oric Bates took on excavations at the Sudanese site of Gammai toward the end of 1915 but turned the site over to Dows Dunham and Said Ahmed when personal issues necessitated his return home.
A Mystery Solved: The Nubian Pyramids of Gebel Barkal and Nuri
Authors: Der Manuelian Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractReisner’s Nubian excavations expanded beyond Kerma to the holy mountain of Gebel Barkal by the Fourth Cataract, surrounded by Egyptian and Nubian temples and cemeteries, and the royal pyramid field of Nuri. Solving the problem of locating the entrances to Nubian pyramids (sloping stairways placed outside the pyramid), he applied this approach to all future Nubian pyramid sites (Nuri, el-Kurru, Meroe). Tomb treasures of Kings Aspelta (Nuri), Taharqa (el-Kurru), and others came to light, while at Gebel Barkal Reisner unearthed a cache of colossal statues of Nubian kings. Ashton Sanborn temporarily assisted at Giza while still employed for Clarence Fisher’s Penn Museum expedition. A collapsed wall at the entrance to Nuri Pyramid 5 killed several workmen, leading to a temporary crisis. The war prevented Reisner’s return to Boston, and in 1916 his daughter Mary contracted typhoid fever.
Fiction, Fundraising, and Hoisting Sarcophagi
Authors: Der Manuelian Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNoel Wheeler alternated between Second Cataract forts work interspersed with Giza excavations in the Eastern Cemetery. Several exquisite stone sarcophagi had to be raised from their burial shafts and divided between the Cairo Museum and the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. In the Sudan, the expedition moved on from Semna/Kumma to Uronarti fort, a short distance to the north. Reisner returned to Boston in 1929, where a push for endowing the expedition collapsed due to the Depression. Ashton Sanborn married into the Goldman Sachs family, which took an archaeological voyage up the Nile in early 1930. Reisner entertained Belgian and Romanian royalty at the Pyramids, and as the German/Egyptian scandal over the bust of Nefertiti simmered, he submitted his opinion on proposed solutions for returning the bust to Egypt. Polyglot clerical assistant Evelyn Perkins joined the expedition in 1933, and the Mycerinus (Menkaure) temples publication finally appeared in 1931, the same year that Reisner lost another reis, Mahmud el-Meyyit. His third Naga ed-Deir publication appeared in 1932. Amid more political unrest in Cairo, the expedition explored more Second Cataract forts at Shalfak and Mirgissa. Reisner composed fiction, including an opera—a collaboration with British playwright Ethel Beal. It was loosely based on the reconstruction of his version of Fourth Dynasty history. Reisner also helped found the Cairo chapter of the Rotary Club in 1929, and he attended the lunches and dinners faithfully for years. Eye troubles (cataracts) arose early in the new decade.
Epilogue: Revered or Reviled? Reisner and His Archaeological Impact
Authors: Der Manuelian Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis chapter offers a final assessment of Reisner’s life and influence on the development of archaeological method (particularly stratigraphic excavation techniques) and Egyptian archaeology. Some contemporary tributes are quoted, then the chapter emphasizes the hitherto unknown reach of Reisner’s influence, not only in training Western archaeologists but in sending his own skilled Qufti workmen and reises off to other expeditions, both in Egypt and to other sites in the Middle East. His colonialist and at times racist interpretations of the archaeological data are also summarized. Brief post-expedition histories are given for many in Reisner’s immediate circle, and an attempt at balancing the positives and negatives of a long archaeological career is made.
Ravana's Kingdom
Authors: Henry Justin W. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Ravana, the demon-king antagonist from the Ramayana, the ancient Hindu epic poem, has become an unlikely cultural hero among Sinhala Buddhists over the past decade. In Ravana’s Kingdom, Justin W. Henry delves into the historical literary reception of the epic in Sri Lanka, charting the adaptions of its themes and characters from the fourteenth century onwards, as many Sri Lankan Hindus and Buddhists developed a sympathetic impression of Ravana’s character, and through the contemporary Ravana revival, which has resulted in the development of an alternative mythological history, depicting Ravana as king of the Sri Lanka’s indigenous inhabitants, a formative figure of civilizational antiquity, and the direct ancestor of the Sinhala Buddhist people. Henry offers a careful study of the literary history of the Ramayana in Sri Lanka, employing numerous sources and archives that have until now received little to no scholarly attention, as well as the twenty-first-century revision of a narrative of the Sri Lankan people—a narrative incubated by the general public online, facilitated by social media and by the speed of travel of information in the digital age. Ravana’s Kingdom offers a glimpse into a centuries-old, living Ramayana tradition among Hindus and Buddhists in Sri Lanka—a case study of the myth-making process in the digital age.
Moving Mount Kailasa
Authors: Henry Justin W. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This chapter traces the gradual identification of the island of Sri Lanka with the “Lankapura” of the Ramayana epic, beginning from the Cholas of the ninth century. The chapter goes on to explore the impact of various South Indian literary conventions on northern Sri Lankan literature, including the uniquely sympathetic rendering of Ravana in the temple histories of Koneswaram (the famed Siva temple of Trincomalee), and the self-identification of the Ārya Cakravartis rulers of Jaffna as “guardians of Rama’s bridge.” The chapter concludes by demonstrating avenues of transmission of Tamil impressions of Ravana’s character, along with other themes from Tamil Puranas, into late medieval and early modern Sinhala literature.
Theocritus
Authors: Thalmann William G. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This book discusses many of Theocritus’s Idylls with emphasis on how these poems construct space—its contours and borders along with the people, animals, and objects that fill it and the equally important role of absence. It draws on spatial theory from anthropology and cultural geography. Each poem is studied in itself and in its connections with other poems, so that a loose coherence emerges among them. Spatially, the Ptolemaic empire provides a setting and reference point for the various types of Idylls (bucolic, urban, mythological, and encomiastic poems), in ways that help legitimate it. In all the Idylls, however, space is constructed selectively from particular perspectives, so that it reflects and shapes people’s relations with each other and humans’ relations with nature. The bucolic Idylls in particular raise questions about being in and out of place and relations between self and other that would have been important under the conditions of mobility and intercultural contact in the early Hellenistic period. Yet theirs is a fictional world, defined more by its margins than by its center, and visions of fullness and presence of nature are always distanced from the reader. Absence is constitutive of this world, just as absence of the beloved is the precondition for the desire of bucolic characters and prompts their singing. Their desire mirrors the desire of readers for the absent bucolic world that the poems arouse and that keeps them reading.
STEM-H for Mental Health Clinicians
Authors: Weaver Lewis Marilyn , Wu Liyun , Hagen Zachary A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
STEM-H for Mental Health Clinicians is a bench-side to bedside application of scientific, technological, engineering, and mathematical (STEM) principles as they relate to the health (H) of each bodily system. Written for clinicians from a variety of disciplines, this textbook provides medical information that is understandable by advanced baccalaureate or master’s trained clinicians who aim to be a team member or private practitioner. Each chapter introduces Scientific facts pertaining to the structure and function of a bodily system and its signature illness and injury. Technological and Engineering advancements that develop biomedical apparatuses or medications to treat those illnesses or injuries are discussed in detail. Mathematics are explained within the context of empirical, epidemiologic data from a public health perspective. Finally, interventions are presented to inform clinicians about treatments for the Health of clients and their families who are struggling with the illnesses or injuries of each bodily system. STEM-H for Mental Health Clinicians is designed to be a textbook and reference that presents STEM-H concepts to clinicians who aim to contribute to medical treatment teams or provide support to their clients in private practice.
How Understanding the Respiratory System Can Benefit Mental Health Clinicians
Authors: Marilyn Weaver Lewis , Liyun Wu , Zachary Allan Hagen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
STEM-H for Mental Health Clinicians, Chapter 7, explains the structure and function of the respiratory system and how it is affected by illnesses, including the COVID-19 virus. Noninvasive and invasive breathing treatments are presented, as are examples of pharmaceutical engineering of vaccines. How clinicians can support the client’s decision-making whether to become vaccinated is discussed. Introduction of “social distancing” and “flattening the curve” to manage the pandemic are presented using epidemiologic models. Mastering this material will make it possible for clinicians to contribute as a medical team member on a hospital unit or as a community or independent clinician who works with patients with illnesses of the respiratory system.
How Understanding the Musculoskeletal System Can Benefit Mental Health Clinicians
Authors: Marilyn Weaver Lewis , Liyun Wu , Zachary Allan Hagen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
STEM-H for Mental Health Clinicians, Chapter 9, is a double chapter that covers both the muscular and skeletal systems, which work in tandem to respond to and affect the environment. The signature illness of the muscular system that is covered is Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and technological apparatuses that treat breathing and communication deficits brought on by the illness are explained. Osteoporosis is presented as the signature illness of the skeletal system, and its prevalence and incidence are discussed. The signature injury affecting the skeletal system includes interpersonal violence. Injuries to the muscular system are explained. Technological advances related to the skeletal system include bone marrow transplants, while engineering advances include development of medications to treat osteoporosis. Application to mental health health focuses on end-of-life care needs to be addressed by families.
“We Will Hit Them with No Warning”
Authors: Eisenberg Carolyn Woods 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
This chapter examines the Nixon administration’s intentions with regard to the Vietnam War. Though Richard Nixon was eager to negotiate an end to the war, he was also determined to maintain South Vietnam as a separate non-communist state, not part of a unified country, which his foreign adversaries were demanding. To help him on this and other issues, Nixon had surprised many observers by choosing Harvard professor Henry Kissinger as his national security advisor. Kissinger recognized the need for a negotiated solution but resisted the idea of a coalition government. Viewing both US and North Vietnamese troops as equally foreign, he insisted on mutual withdrawal as the prerequisite for peace. An early adversary, Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird, sought a slow but ongoing withdrawal of US troops regardless of the presence of North Vietnamese soldiers. While pressing this approach, Laird reluctantly compromised by endorsing the secret bombing of enemy sanctuaries in Cambodia. The chapter also explains that from the outset of the new administration, Kissinger was looking to the Soviet Union for help in pressuring Hanoi to make an acceptable peace deal. An important theme in this chapter is the clear desire within the national security bureaucracies to pursue the war.