bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nanostructure and nanoindentation study of pulse electric-current sintered TiB2–SiC–Cf composite
Authors: Shokouhimehr Mohammadreza , Delbari Seyed Ali , Namini Abbas Sabahi , Taghizadeh Ehsan , Jung Sunghoon , Cho Jin Hyuk , Van Le Quyet , Cha Joo Hwan , Kim Soo Young , Jang Ho Won 
Published: January 2023

AbstractA carbon-fiber (Cf) doped TiB2–SiC composite was prepared and investigated to determine its densification behavior, micro/nanostructural properties, and mechanical characteristics. TiB2–25 vol% SiC–2 wt% Cf was prepared at 40 MPa and 1800 °C for 7 min using the pulsed electric-current sintering technique, and a relative density of 98.5% was realized. The as-sintered composite was characterized using advanced techniques, e.g., X-ray diffractometry, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, field-emission electron probe micro-analysis, and nanoindentation. The Cf additive could remove the surface oxide layers from the TiB2 and SiC domains, thus transforming them into TiB2 and SiC. According to micro/nanostructural studies, Cf could not retain its initial structure and was eventually converted into graphite nanosheets. In addition, the prepared composite was examined using the nanoindentation technique, and the following results were obtained for the calculated hardness, elastic modulus, and stiffness values: TiB2 > SiC > TiB2/SiC interface.
A mathematical analysis of mass transfer phenomena with chemical reaction over the flow of Sisko ferronanofluid across a permeable surface
Authors: Saritha K. , Muthusami R. , Manikandan N. , Nagaprasad N. , Ramaswamy Krishnaraj 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMathematically study mass transfer phenomena involving chemical reactions in the flow of Sisko Ferro nanofluids through the porous surface. Three ferronano particles, manganese-zinc ferrite (Mn1/2Zn1/2Fe2O4), cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4), and nickel–zinc ferrite (Ni–Zn Fe2O4) are considered with water (H2O) and ethylene glycol (C2H6O2) as base liquids. Appropriate resemblance transitions are used to convert the governing system of a nonlinear PDE to a linear ODE. The Runge–Kutta method, as extended by the shooting technique, is used to accomplish the reduction governing equations. The effects of various associated parameters on fluid concentration and mass transfer rate are investigated: magnetic criterion (M), Siskofluid material factor (A), Solid volume fraction (ϕ) for nanofluids, permeability parameter (Rp), Chemical reaction criterion (γ), Brownian motion factor (Nb), and Thermophoretic parameters (Nt). The current findings indicate that the diffusion proportion of Sisko Ferronanofluid Ni–Zn Fe2O4–H2O and CoFe2O4–H2O is higher than that of Ni–Zn Fe2O4–C2H6O2 and CoFe2O4–C2H6O2 respectively but it is opposite in the case of Mn–Zn ferrite. The comparison study was carried out to validate the precision of the findings.
Evaluation of automated techniques for extraction of circulating cell-free DNA for implementation in standardized high-throughput workflows
Authors: Lehle Sarah , Emons Julius , Hack Carolin C. , Heindl Felix , Hein Alexander , Preuß Caroline , Seitz Katharina , Zahn Anna L. , Beckmann Matthias W. , Fasching Peter A. , Ruebner Matthias , Huebner Hanna 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAnalysis of circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) is a suitable tool for detecting somatic mutations for the purpose of making decisions on treatment, monitoring treatment response, and predicting survival. High-throughput techniques for ccfDNA extraction are essential to implementing ccfDNA testing in the clinical setting. We set out to compare two automated techniques with regard to hands-on time, ccfDNA output and integrity, and circulating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). CcfDNA was isolated using the EZ1&2 ccfDNA field test kit (EZ2 kit, QIAGEN) and the Maxwell RSC ccfDNA plasma kit (Maxwell kit, Promega). DNA was extracted from plasma of 30 breast cancer patients enrolled in the iMODE-B (#325_19B; 12.10.2020) study. Real-time PCR, fluorescence-based detection and automated electrophoresis were used to assess ccfDNA concentrations. The ccfDNA yield was significantly higher when extracted with the EZ2 kit. The EZ2 kit enabled the isolation of a higher proportion of short fragments and a lower proportion of long fragments, resulting in lower DNA integrity. Significantly lower mtDNA quantities were detected in the Maxwell eluate than in the EZ2 eluate. Thus, decisions on which extraction method to use should proceed on the basis of the required input for downstream applications, the anticipated fragment size and minimum hands-on time.
Bacterial response to glucose addition: growth and community structure in seawater microcosms from North Pacific Ocean
Authors: Haider Md Nurul , Iqbal Md Mehedi , Nishimura Masahiko , Ikemoto Eiko , Ijichi Minoru , Kogure Kazuhiro 
Published: January 2023

AbstractOnboard microcosm experiments were conducted to assess how bacterial growth pattern and community structure changed by the addition of labile organic compound during the KH-14-2 cruise of R/V Hakuho Maru (Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, the University of Tokyo and JAMSTEC) in May–June 2014. Seawater samples were collected from the three diversified oceanic environments, Kuroshio Current, North Pacific Sub-polar Gyre (SPG), and North Pacific Sub-tropical Gyre (STG) in the western North Pacific Ocean, filtered, supplemented with glucose, and incubated at 23 ± 1 °C, ~ 4 °C, and 23 ± 1 °C, respectively. Untreated control microcosms were also maintained for all the sample types. Significant increases in cell counts and cell sizes were observed in Kuroshio Current and STG waters, whereas in SPG neither the counts nor the sizes changed, even after 120 h of incubation. At early stages of incubation, the classes Bacteroidia, Alphaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria were dominant in the Kuroshio Current and SPG samples, while the phyla Cyanobacteria and Proteobacteria in the STG samples. Over incubation periods between 60 and 96 h, some members of the class Gammaproteobacteria gradually dominated within which the genera Vibrio and Alteromonas became dominant in the Kuroshio Current and STG, respectively. No growth was detected for the microcosms with seawater from SPG, regardless of glucose amendment. It is concluded that depending on the environmental condition, certain different bacterial groups proliferated quickly and modified the community structures. Temperature significantly influenced the growth and succession, and ultimately the community structure of bacteria.
Male cooperation improves their own and kin-group productivity in a group-foraging spider
Authors: Parthasarathy Bharat , Dumke Marlis , Herberstein Marie E. , Schneider Jutta M. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCooperation should only evolve if the direct and/or indirect benefits exceed the costs. Hence, cooperators are expected to generate selective benefits for themselves and the kin-group while defectors will impose costs. The subsocial spider,Australomisidia ergandros, shows consistent cooperation and defection tactics while foraging. Cooperative individuals are consistently likely to share prey with other group members whereas defector spiders rarely share the prey they acquired. Here, we assess costs and benefits of cooperation, and the causal determinants behind cooperative and defective phenotypes. We constructed experimental kin-colonies ofA. ergandroscomposed of pure cooperative or defector foragers and show that pure cooperative groups had higher hunting success as they acquired prey more quickly with greater joint participation than pure defector groups. Importantly, defectors suffered higher mortality than cooperators and lost considerable weight. A social network approach using subadult spiders revealed that foraging tactic is sex dependent with males cooperating more frequently than females. Our results provide a rare empirical demonstration of sex-specific male cooperation that confer individual and kin-group benefits.
Evolutionary conservation and diversification of auditory neural circuits that process courtship songs in Drosophila
Authors: Ohashi Takuro S. , Ishikawa Yuki , Awasaki Takeshi , Su Matthew P. , Yoneyama Yusuke , Morimoto Nao , Kamikouchi Azusa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAcoustic communication signals diversify even on short evolutionary time scales. To understand how the auditory system underlying acoustic communication could evolve, we conducted a systematic comparison of the early stages of the auditory neural circuit involved in song information processing between closely-related fruit-fly species. Male Drosophila melanogaster and D. simulans produce different sound signals during mating rituals, known as courtship songs. Female flies from these species selectively increase their receptivity when they hear songs with conspecific temporal patterns. Here, we firstly confirmed interspecific differences in temporal pattern preferences; D. simulans preferred pulse songs with longer intervals than D. melanogaster. Primary and secondary song-relay neurons, JO neurons and AMMC-B1 neurons, shared similar morphology and neurotransmitters between species. The temporal pattern preferences of AMMC-B1 neurons were also relatively similar between species, with slight but significant differences in their band-pass properties. Although the shift direction of the response property matched that of the behavior, these differences are not large enough to explain behavioral differences in song preferences. This study enhances our understanding of the conservation and diversification of the architecture of the early-stage neural circuit which processes acoustic communication signals.
An excimer lamp to provide far-ultraviolet C irradiation for dining-table disinfection
Authors: Lv Mengqiang , Huang Jin , Chen Haofu , Zhang Tengfei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDining tables may present a risk to diners by transmitting bacteria and/or viruses. Currently, there is a lack of an environmental-friendly and convenient means to protect diners when they are sitting together. This investigation constructed far-UVC excimer lamps to disinfect dining-table surfaces. The lamps were mounted at different heights and orientations, and the irradiance on table surfaces was measured. The irradiation doses to obtain different inactivation efficiencies for Escherichia coli (E. coli) were provided. In addition, numerical modeling was conducted for irradiance and the resulting inactivation efficiency. The surface-to-surface (S2S) model was validated with the measured irradiance. The germicidal performance of far-UVC irradiation, the far-UVC doses to which diners were exposed, and the risk of exposure to the generated ozone were evaluated. The results revealed that an irradiation dose of 12.8 mJ/cm2 can disinfect 99.9% of E. coli on surfaces. By varying the lamp irradiance output, the number and positions of the lamps, the far-UVC irradiation can achieve a 3-log reduction for a dining duration of 5 min. Besides, the far-UVC lamp has a low damage risk to diners when achieving an effective inactivation rate. Moreover, there is virtually no ozone exposure risk in a mechanically ventilated dining hall.
Optical limiting via spontaneously generated coherence
Authors: Silatan Abbas , Ghaderi GoranAbad Mohsen , Mahmoudi Mohammad 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe investigate the reverse saturable absorption (RSA) and optical limiting (OL) in a three-level V-type quantum system considering the effect of the spontaneously generated coherence (SGC). It is shown that in the absence of the SGC effect, the saturable absorption (SA) is dominant in the system. By taking into account the SGC effect, we prove that the SA dramatically switches to the RSA. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the OL threshold and OL efficiency can be controlled by the SGC effect. In addition, we show that the applied field properties such as detuning can modify the SGC-induced optical limiter efficiency. It is also shown an increase in the atomic density and length of the medium makes the optical limiter more efficient. The analytical calculation shows that the Kerr nonlinearity caused by the SGC effect is the main mechanism of the system evolution. Finally, the theoretical Z-scan experiment is presented to confirm the obtained results. Our proposed scheme can be useful to design controllable atomic optical limiters for optical devices with different sensitivities.
Monochromatic computed tomography using laboratory-scale setup
Authors: Honkanen Ari-Pekka , Huotari Simo 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this article, we demonstrate the viability of highly monochromatic full-field X-ray absorption near edge structure based tomography using a laboratory-scale Johann-type X-ray absorption spectrometer utilising a conventional X-ray tube source. In this proof-of-concept, by using a phantom embedded with elemental Se, Na$$_2$$

2

SeO$$_3$$

3

, and Na$$_2$$

2

SeO$$_4$$

4

, we show that the three-dimensional distributions of Se in different oxidation states can be mapped and distinguished from the phantom matrix and each other with absorption edge contrast tomography. The presented method allows for volumetric analyses of chemical speciation in mm-scale samples using low-brilliance X-ray sources, and represents a new analytic tool for materials engineering and research in many fields including biology and chemistry.
Modelling and optimisation of ultrasound-assisted extraction of roselle phenolic compounds using the surface response method
Authors: Sanou Abdoudramane , Konaté Kiessoun , kabakdé Kaboré , Dakuyo Roger , Bazié David , Hemayoro Sama , Dicko Mamoudou Hama 
Published: January 2023

AbstractExtracts fromHibiscus sabdariffaL. (roselle) have been used traditionally as a food, in herbal medicine, in hot and cold beverages, as flavouring or coloring agent in the food industry. In vitro and in vivo studies and trials provide evidence, but roselle is poorly characterised phytochemically due to the extraction processes. The optimization of the extraction of phenolic compounds and their antioxidant activities is still a hot topic. In this study, the effect of solute/solvent ratio (33, 40 and 50 mg/mL), extraction temperature (40, 50 and 60 °C) and extraction time (30, 60 and 90 min) was evaluated through the content of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. A response surface methodology through a Box–Behnken design was applied and model fit, regression equations, analysis of variance and 3D response curve were developed. The results showed that TPC, TFC, DPPH and FRAP were significantly influenced by temperature, extraction time and solvent/solute ratio. Thus, TPC, TFC, DPPH and FRAP varied from 5.25 to 10.58 g GAE/100 g DW; 0.28 to 0.81 g QE/100 g DW; 0.24 to 0.70 mg/mL; 2.4 to 6.55 g AAE/100 g DW respectively. The optimal experimental condition (41.81 mg/mL; 52.35 °C and 57.77 min) showed a significant positive effect compared to conventional methods. The experimental values at this extraction condition show that this optimization model is technologically, financially and energetically viable as it requires a reasonable concentration, time and temperature.
The company Christmas party and employee happiness
Authors: Zacher Hannes 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMany companies host an annual Christmas or holiday party which, for many employees, represents a fun, meaningful, and ritualized event closely linked to the organization’s culture. However, the factors that relate to employees’ satisfaction or dissatisfaction with this event, as well as to their positive and negative affect associated with this event, are currently not well understood. Accordingly, the current study aimed to explore how employee characteristics (e.g., demographics, employment characteristics, attitudes), organizational characteristics (i.e., human relations, open systems, rational goal, internal process culture), and event characteristics (e.g., location, activities, heavy drinking, inappropriate behavior of supervisors or colleagues, ritual features) are related to employee happiness. Data were provided by 359 employees from various organizations in Germany, who completed an online survey at the beginning of January 2019. Results showed that a human relations culture, an external location, fun activities, informality, and symbolism predicted higher employee satisfaction with the Christmas party. In contrast, heavy drinking and formality predicted higher dissatisfaction with the Christmas party, and longer organizational tenure, a human relations culture, a speech, providing both alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, and symbolism predicted lower dissatisfaction. Furthermore, employee age, organizational identification, involvement in planning, a human relations and an internal process culture, a speech, providing both alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, heavy drinking, supervisor and coworker inappropriate behavior, formality, and symbolism were differentially associated with high- and low-arousal positive and negative affect. These findings suggest several directions for future research on company parties and have practical implications for organizations and party planning committees.
Deubiquitinase catalytic activity of MYSM1 is essential in vivo for hematopoiesis and immune cell development
Authors: Liang Yue , Bhatt Garvit , Tung Lin Tze , Wang HanChen , Kim Joo Eun , Mousa Marwah , Plackoska Viktoria , Illes Katalin , Georges Anna A. , Gros Philippe , Henneman Linda , Huijbers Ivo J. , Nagar Bhushan , Nijnik Anastasia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMyb-like SWIRM and MPN domains 1 (MYSM1) is a chromatin binding protein with deubiquitinase (DUB) catalytic activity. Rare MYSM1 mutations in human patients result in an inherited bone marrow failure syndrome, highlighting the biomedical significance of MYSM1 in the hematopoietic system. We and others characterized Mysm1-knockout mice as a model of this disorder and established that MYSM1 regulates hematopoietic function and leukocyte development in such models through different mechanisms. It is, however, unknown whether the DUB catalytic activity of MYSM1 is universally required for its many functions and for the maintenance of hematopoiesis in vivo. To test this, here we generated a new mouse strain carrying a Mysm1D660N point mutation (Mysm1DN) and demonstrated that the mutation renders MYSM1 protein catalytically inactive. We characterized Mysm1DN/DN and Mysm1fl/DN CreERT2 mice, against appropriate controls, for constitutive and inducible loss of MYSM1 catalytic function. We report a profound similarity in the developmental, hematopoietic, and immune phenotypes resulting from the loss of MYSM1 catalytic function and the full loss of MYSM1 protein. Overall, our work for the first time establishes the critical role of MYSM1 DUB catalytic activity in vivo in hematopoiesis, leukocyte development, and other aspects of mammalian physiology.
Common and female-specific roles of protein tyrosine phosphatase receptors N and N2 in mice reproduction
Authors: Sokanovic Srdjan J. , Constantin Stephanie , Lamarca Dams Aloa , Mochimaru Yuta , Smiljanic Kosara , Bjelobaba Ivana , Prévide Rafael M. , Stojilkovic Stanko S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSimultaneous knockout of the neuroendocrine marker genes Ptprn and Ptprn2, which encode the protein tyrosine phosphatase receptors N and N2, causes infertility in female mice while males are fertile. To elucidate the mechanism of the sex-specific roles of Ptprn and Ptprn2 in mouse reproduction, we analyzed the effects of their double knockout (DKO) on the hypothalamic-pituitary–gonadal axis. In DKO females, delayed puberty and lack of ovulation were observed, complemented by changes in ovarian gene expression and steroidogenesis. In contrast, testicular gene expression, steroidogenesis, and reproductive organs development were not significantly affected in DKO males. However, in both sexes, pituitary luteinizing hormone (LH) beta gene expression and LH levels were reduced, as well as follicle-stimulating hormone beta gene and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) gene, while the calcium-mobilizing and LH secretory actions of GnRH were preserved. Hypothalamic Gnrh1 and Kiss1 gene expression was also reduced in DKO females and males. In parallel, a significant decrease in the density of immunoreactive GnRH and kisspeptin fibers was detected in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of DKO females and males. The female-specific kisspeptin immunoreactivity in the rostral periventricular region of the third ventricle was also reduced in DKO females, but not in DKO males. These data indicate a critical role of Ptprn and Ptprn2 in kisspeptin-GnRH neuronal function and sexual dimorphism in the threshold levels of GnRH required to preserve reproductive functions.
GPR68 limits the severity of chemical-induced oral epithelial dysplasia
Authors: Shore David , Griggs Nosakhere , Graffeo Vincent , Amin A. R. M. Ruhul , Zha Xiang-ming , Xu Yan , McAleer Jeremy P. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHead and neck cancer is the sixth most common malignancy, and there is an urgent need to identify physiological processes contributing to tumorigenesis. Extracellular acidification caused by aerobic glycolysis within tumor microenvironments can stimulate proton-sensing receptors. GPR68, or ovarian cancer G protein-coupled receptor 1, responds to extracellular acidity and is highly expressed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) as well as normal esophageal tissue. To study the role of GPR68 in oral dysplasia, wild-type and GPR68−/− mice were treated with 4-Nitroquinoline N-oxide (4NQO) in drinking water for 11–13 weeks, followed by normal water for 11–12 weeks. 4NQO treatment resulted in 45 percent of GPR68−/− mice developing severe dysplasia or squamous cell carcinoma compared to only 10.5 percent of GPR68+/+ mice. This correlated with increased frequencies of regulatory T cells in the spleens of male GPR68−/− mice. Dysplastic regions of the tongue had increased CD31 staining compared to normal regions in both GPR68−/− and GPR68+/+ mice, suggesting that angiogenesis was GPR68-independent. RNA knockdown studies using HNSCC cell lines demonstrated no direct effect of GPR68 on survival or growth. Overall, we demonstrate that GPR68-deficiency worsens the severity of chemical-induced oral dysplasia, suggesting a protective role for this gene in tumorigenesis.
Sibling variation in polygenic traits and DNA recombination mapping with UK Biobank and IVF family data
Authors: Lello Louis , Hsu Maximus , Widen Erik , Raben Timothy G. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe use UK Biobank and a unique IVF family dataset (including genotyped embryos) to investigate sibling variation in both phenotype and genotype. We compare phenotype (disease status, height, blood biomarkers) and genotype (polygenic scores, polygenic health index) distributions among siblings to those in the general population. As expected, the between-siblings standard deviation in polygenic scores is $$\sqrt{2}$$

2

times smaller than in the general population, but variation is still significant. As previously demonstrated, this allows for substantial benefit from polygenic screening in IVF. Differences in sibling genotypes result from distinct recombination patterns in sexual reproduction. We develop a novel sibling-pair method for detection of recombination breaks via statistical discontinuities. The new method is used to construct a dataset of 1.44 million recombination events which may be useful in further study of meiosis.