bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and associated factors in 13 African countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Azanaw Jember , Endalew Mastewal , Zenbaba Demisu , Abera Eshetu , Chattu Vijay Kumar 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected the entire world, especially sub-Saharan Africa. As a result, researchers and government agencies are working to create effective COVID-19 vaccinations. While vaccination campaigns are moving rapidly in high-income nations, COVID-19 is still ruthlessly affecting people in low-income nations. However, this difference in the spread of the disease is not because of a lack of a COVID-19 vaccine but mainly due to people's reluctance. As a result, this review summarized the data on COVID-19 vaccination adoption and factors related among nations in sub-Saharan Africa.MethodComprehensive searches were conducted using PubMed, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and the Cochrane Library databases. The risk of bias and methodological quality of each published article that fit the selection criteria were evaluated using Critical Appraisal Checklist tools. All statistical analysis was done by STATA 16.ResultsThis review was based on 29 studies with 26,255 participants from sub-Saharan Africa. Using a random-effects model, the pooled prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among study participants was 55.04% (95 % CI: 47.80–62.27 %), I2 = 99.55%. Being male [POR = 1.88 (95% CI: 1.45, 2.44)], having a positive attitude toward the COVID-19 vaccine [POR = 5.56 (95% CI: 3.63, 8.51)], having good knowledge in the COVID-19 vaccine [POR = 4.61 (95% CI: 1.24, 8.75)], having government trust [POR = 7.10 (95% CI: 2.37, 21.32)], and having undergone COVID-19 testing in the past [POR = 4.41 (95%CI: (2.51, 7.75)] were significant predictor variables.ConclusionThis analysis showed that respondents had a decreased pooled prevalence of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance. Sex, attitude, knowledge, government trust, and COVID-19 testing were statistically significantly correlated characteristics that affected the acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccine. All stakeholders should be actively involved in increasing the uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine and thereby reducing the consequences of COVID-19. The acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination can be increased by using this conclusion as an indicator for governments, healthcare professionals, and health policymakers in their work on attitude, knowledge, government trust, and COVID-19 testing.
Monkeypox outbreaks in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: Network and clustering analyses of global risks and modified SEIR prediction of epidemic trends
Authors: Gao Jing , Zhou Cui , Liang Hanwei , Jiao Rao , Wheelock Åsa M. , Jiao Kedi , Ma Jian , Zhang Chutian , Guo Yongman , Luo Sitong , Liang Wannian , Xu Lei 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundNinety-eight percent of documented cases of the zoonotic disease human monkeypox (MPX) were reported after 2001, with especially dramatic global spread in 2022. This longitudinal study aimed to assess spatiotemporal risk factors of MPX infection and predict global epidemiological trends.MethodTwenty-one potential risk factors were evaluated by correlation-based network analysis and multivariate regression. Country-level risk was assessed using a modified Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Removed (SEIR) model and a risk-factor-driven k-means clustering analysis.ResultsBetween historical cases and the 2022 outbreak, MPX infection risk factors changed from relatively simple [human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and population density] to multiple [human mobility, population of men who have sex with men, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, and socioeconomic factors], with human mobility in the context of COVID-19 being especially key. The 141 included countries classified into three risk clusters: 24 high-risk countries mainly in West Europe and Northern America, 70 medium-risk countries mainly in Latin America and Asia, and 47 low-risk countries mainly in Africa and South Asia. The modified SEIR model predicted declining transmission rates, with basic reproduction numbers ranging 1.61–7.84 in the early stage and 0.70–4.13 in the current stage. The estimated cumulative cases in Northern and Latin America may overtake the number in Europe in autumn 2022.ConclusionsIn the current outbreak, risk factors for MPX infection have changed and expanded. Forecasts of epidemiological trends from our modified SEIR models suggest that Northern America and Latin America are at greater risk of MPX infection in the future.
Loss-framing of information and pre-vaccination consultation improve COVID-19 vaccine acceptance: A survey experiment
Authors: Wang Kailu , Wong Eliza Lai-Yi , Cheung Annie Wai-Ling , Dong Dong , Yeoh Eng-Kiong 
Published: January 2023

BackgroundsVaccination remains one of the most effective ways to protect populations from COVID-19 infection, severe conditions, and death. This study aims to examine whether the gain/loss-framing of information, provision of subsidized pre-vaccination physician consultation, and cash incentives can improve COVID-19 acceptance amongst adults.MethodsA survey experiment was conducted within a broader cross-sectional survey of people aged 18–64 years in Hong Kong, China. The participants were randomly assigned to one of the eight groups derived from full-factorial design of the three strategies with stratification by age and sex. The vaccine acceptance rate was compared between people with and without any of the strategies. The heterogeneous effects of these strategies were identified for those with different perceptions of the pandemics and vaccine in multiple logistic regressions.ResultsThe survey experiment collected 1,000 valid responses. It found that loss-framed information and provision of subsidized physician consultation to assess suitability to be vaccinated, can improve vaccine acceptance, while cash incentives did not make a difference. The improvement effect of loss-framing information and physician consultation is stronger among those with higher perceived infection risk and severity of condition, as well as unvaccinated people with lower confidence in vaccine safety.ConclusionsThe findings indicated that individualized loss-framing messages and equitable provision of subsidized pre-vaccination physician consultations can be incorporated in efforts to promote vaccine acceptance and vaccination roll-out speed. However, it remains inconclusive whether and how universal cash incentives may be deployed to support vaccination promotion.
On the precision of 6 DoF IMU-LiDAR based localization in GNSS-denied scenarios
Authors: Frosi Matteo , Bertoglio Riccardo , Matteucci Matteo 
Published: January 2023

Positioning and navigation represent relevant topics in the field of robotics, due to their multiple applications in real-world scenarios, ranging from autonomous driving to harsh environment exploration. Despite localization in outdoor environments is generally achieved using a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver, global navigation satellite system-denied environments are typical of many situations, especially in indoor settings. Autonomous robots are commonly equipped with multiple sensors, including laser rangefinders, IMUs, and odometers, which can be used for mapping and localization, overcoming the need for global navigation satellite system data. In literature, almost no information can be found on the positioning accuracy and precision of 6 Degrees of Freedom Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) localization systems, especially for real-world scenarios. In this paper, we present a short review of state-of-the-art light detection and ranging localization methods in global navigation satellite system-denied environments, highlighting their advantages and disadvantages. Then, we evaluate two state-of-the-art Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) systems able to also perform localization, one of which implemented by us. We benchmark these two algorithms on manually collected dataset, with the goal of providing an insight into their attainable precision in real-world scenarios. In particular, we present two experimental campaigns, one indoor and one outdoor, to measure the precision of these algorithms. After creating a map for each of the two environments, using the simultaneous localization and mapping part of the systems, we compute a custom localization error for multiple, different trajectories. Results show that the two algorithms are comparable in terms of precision, having a similar mean translation and rotation errors of about 0.01 m and 0.6°, respectively. Nevertheless, the system implemented by us has the advantage of being modular, customizable and able to achieve real-time performance.
Evolution of livelihood vulnerability in rice terrace systems: Evidence from households in the Ziquejie terrace system in China
Authors: Deng Chuxiong , Wang Shuyuan , Liu Yaojun , Li Zhongwu , Zhang Guangye , Li Wenqing , Liu Changchang 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionGlobally, terraces, and rice terrace systems face problems that affect their sustainability, such as terrace degradation, abandonment, de-agriculturalization, labor migration, etc. The implementation of development projects such as reforestation, poverty alleviation, and tourism development have changed traditional smallholder livelihood patterns. It is not clear whether farmers' livelihoods have become more resilient or vulnerable as a result.MethodsUsing survey data on households' livelihoods in a rice terrace system in Southern China, we evaluated the livelihood impacts of multiple changes.ResultsThe results show that development projects are not entirely beneficial. The attributes and intensity of the disturbance of projects (e.g., tourism) on land functions, and differentiated farmer strategies jointly drive the hierarchical evolution of livelihood vulnerability. In detail, underdeveloped tourism increased rather than reduced livelihood vulnerability; the role of agriculture in livelihood directly exacerbated the variation in vulnerability levels; this resulted in the most vulnerable livelihood for households that are exogenously dependent or located in the core tourism area.DiscussionSubsequently, an evolutionary model of livelihood vulnerability is proposed in this study. Based on this, we judged that the livelihood vulnerability of rice terrace systems has entered a chaotic stage of adaptation. Reducing livelihood vulnerability will require the support of a tangible and circular pathway of benefits between farmers and the land. Policies should focus on the heterogeneity of farmers and the “negative effects” of development projects on livelihood. This household-level farmer livelihood vulnerability dynamics study goes beyond anti-poverty to provide science-based practical guidance to promote the sustainable development of rice terrace systems.
Cultivation Using Coir Substrate and P or K Enriched Fertilizer Provides Higher Resistance to Drought in Ecologically Diverse Quercus Species
Authors: Mariotti Barbara , Martini Sofia , Raddi Sabrina , Ugolini Francesca , Oliet Juan A. , Jacobs Douglass F. , Maltoni Alberto 
Published: January 2023

Nursery cultivation practices can be modified to increase resistance to water stress in forest seedlings following field establishment, which may be increasingly important under climate change. We evaluated the morphological (survival, growth) and physiological (chlorophyll fluorescence, leaf water potential) responses to water stress for three ecologically diverse Quercus species (Q. robur, Q. pubescens, and Q. ilex) with varying traits resulting from the combination of growing media (peat, coir) and fertilization (standard, P-enriched, K-enriched). For all species under water stress, seedlings grown in coir had generally higher growth than those grown in peat. Seedlings fertilized with P performed better, particularly for survival; conversely, K fertilization resulted in inconsistent findings. Such results could be explained by a combination of factors. P fertilization resulted in higher P accumulation in seedlings, while no K accumulation was observed in K fertilized seedlings. As expected, the more drought-sensitive species, Q. robur, showed the worst response, while Q. pubescens had a drought resistance equal or better to Q. ilex despite being classified as intermediate in drought resistance in Mediterranean environments.
Treatment Wetlands in Mexico for Control of Wastewater Contaminants: A Review of Experiences during the Last Twenty-Two Years
Authors: Marín-Muñiz José Luis , Sandoval Herazo Luis Carlos , López-Méndez María Cristina , Sandoval-Herazo Mayerlin , Meléndez-Armenta Roberto Ángel , González-Moreno Humberto Raymundo , Zamora Sergio 
Published: January 2023

Constructed or treatment wetlands (CWs) are a sustainable option to clean wastewater in the face of water pollution problems. Consequently, this study was aimed at reviewing and analyzing the use of CWs in Mexico. This involved types, sizes, and functionality in the removal of pollutants, as well as the main plant species that are used. Furthermore, 67 studies regarding CWs were found, which were classified according to the treatment area as microcosms, mesocosms, pilot scale, and full-scale at 18, 30, 25, and 27%, respectively. The most used types of CWs are those of subsurface flow (87%) versus free-water surface (13%), of which horizontal flow direction (58%) are the most common. Considering Full-Scale CWs, the pollutant removal reported for COD, BOD5, TN, and TP oscillated between 50–90%, 60–90%, 30–90%, and 30–70%, respectively. Among the vegetation that is more used for Mexican CWs, 78 different species were detected; Typha and Cyperus hydrophytes species and ornamental flowering plants as Zantedeschia aethiopica., Canna genus., Heliconia genus, Hedychium coronarium, and Anturium andreanum species (plants with commercial value) were the most used plants. It was concluded that although there is an important advance in the use of ecotechnology as it is an attractive answer for decentralized wastewater treatment in Mexico, results revealed the need to migrate towards the use of CWs in full-scale size, in order to address real pollution problems. Thus, the further implementation of CWs in rural and urban regions with similar tropical and subtropical characteristics as in Mexico is suggested by the authors.
Paaliyam, Salma's Short Story Collection: Fascism by Umberto Eco
Authors: K Umaraj 
Published: January 2023

In many countries around the world, fascism is a very large political theory. This theory, which claims to save people from suffering, has often led to the destruction of people. This theory was developed in Italy by Mussolini. But the theory itself destroyed Mussolini, who is the father of fascism. However, the theory is seen in different forms in different countries, and it is seen as a theory that is sharpened on the basis of racism and religion. Thoughts about the nature of fascism have emerged in literature. Umberto Eco's novel The Name of the Rose depicts the characteristics of fascism in symbolic language. Fourteen characteristics are described by him. Terrorism, religious fundamentalism, and monogamy are the basis of fascism. Salma in her short story called Darkness, points out that such terrorism in India works with the dual nature of Hindu-Muslim. In her story she explains that each individual is a fascist.
Study about Oppressed People in Thagapan Kodi, a Novel by Azhagiya Periyavan
Authors: R Rajeswari 
Published: January 2023

Human society has undergone various progression and thus developed into a civilized society. The main reason for oppression in Indian society is caste. Castes were formed and rigidified on the basis of occupational differentiation. Due to the upper and lower caste system, people were treated with disgrace, impurity and untouchability and certain ethnic groups were excluded from society. The lower caste people lived with such cruelties throughout their life. Thus, they were called oppressed people. No changes took place in the life of those people and the reason behind it is they are ideologically oppressed. The oppressed people began to think about their lives only when education is offered for all people. Through education they realized that they were enslaved. Thus, the oppressed people’s survey reveals the objections of the oppressed people. Such objections lead to protests. In that way Dalit literature become very famous. In the novel Thagappan Kodi, the sentiments of resistance against the dominant class are gradually formed and the thought of liberation is developed through renouncing various symbolic activities that disparage themselves. This article exemplifies the sufferings of the oppressed people, their moaning and the plans laid out by upper caste to torture them.
Heparin versus No Heparin before Endoscopic Vein Harvesting using Angioscopy
Authors: Badawy Mohamed , Mohamed Amir , Maher Adel , Tarazi Riyad 
Published: January 2023

Background: Endoscopic vein harvesting (EVH) became a standard technique with several advantages over open vein harvesting (OVH). Thrombus formation inside the vein lumen is one of the main concerns after EVH. It is not known whether heparin use before EVH could prevent this complication. The study aimed to assess the safety of not giving intravenous heparin before starting the open system EVH procedure using the PeriVu™ Disposable Angioscopy (LeMaitre® VASCULAR- France) as a modality to assess the intraluminal vein clots.
Methods: This research is a randomized study that compared two groups of patients undergoing CABG. One group had 2500 IU heparin before EVH using (Virtusaph plus, Terumo) (n=50) and the other group had EVH without giving heparin (n=50). Intraluminal clots in the vein segments were evaluated using PeriVu Disposable Angioscopy ( LeMaitre-VASCULAR).
Results: Preoperative data were comparable between groups with no statistically significant difference. The mean duration of the procedure in the heparin group versus the non-heparin group was 30.6±5.8 and 28.7±5.9, respectively (P= 0.11). Intraluminal clots were detected in two segments out of 103 segments (1.94%) in the No heparin group, while none was detected in the heparin group (P= 0.24).
Conclusion: There was no difference between heparin versus no heparin during endoscopic vein harvest regarding intraluminal thrombus formation. Further studies are recommended to confirm our findings.
Operating a recurrent synovial sarcoma of the sternoclavicular joint: a case presentation
Authors: Mekkawy Ahmed , Mostafa Elyounsi Mohamed 
Published: January 2023

Background: Synovial sarcoma is one of the rarest soft tissue tumor with a high grade of malignancy. Primary synovial sarcoma of the chest wall is rare.
Presentation of case: A 65-year-old woman presented with history of left upper chest wall mass previously operated 9 months ago. The pathological report was a synovial sarcoma. Computed chest tomography was done and revealed a RT anterior infraclavicular mass with cystic a solid lesions measuring 8.5 *3.5*4 cm.
Conclusion: The synovial sarcoma is aggressive malignancy and we think from the story of this case that early radical surgery plus systemic chemotherapy provides better outcome.
Short Term Outcome of Plasma Pleurodesis in Post Pulmonary Resections Persistent Air Leak
Authors: Elgazzar Mohamed , Shaheen Yousry , Abdelaal Mohamed , Elsisi Ahmed , Abdelgawad Basem , Wahdan Ashraf 
Published: January 2023

Background: Air leak is the most common morbidity after pulmonary resection surgery. It may result in prolonged duration with chest tubes with their annoying chest pain, prolonged hospital stay time with increased financial costs, pneumonia, empyema, and patient dissatisfaction. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy of plasma pleurodesis for stoppage of air leak after lung resection, in comparison to conservative measures.
Methods: This prospective single-blinded randomized study included 60 patients randomly divided into two groups:
Group A: included 30 patients who received intrapleural fresh frozen plasma. One bag of FFP, contains 250 ml of plasma, matched for the ABO group was installed through the apical chest tube into the pleural cavity.
Group B: a control group of 30 patients who did not receive any sclerosing agent. They were managed with under-water seal and observation.
Results: This study showed that the stoppage of air leak in group A was faster “which stopped in 9-10 days” in comparison to control group B “24-25 days”, (P-value <0.001). There was a significant difference between groups A and B regarding the hospital stay, which was in 9-10 days in group A in comparison to group B “26-28 days (P-value <0.001).
Conclusion: Intrapleural fresh frozen plasma appears to be a valuable option to stop persistent air leaks post pulmonary resections. It’s a cheap, available, and safe agent. It reduced hospital stay, costs and morbidities.
Coronary artery bypass grafting in non-dialysis dependent chronic renal disease
Authors: Albatrek Hani , Ramadan Ahmed , Yassen Yosry 
Published: January 2023

Background: Renal impairment is associated with increased morbidity and mortality after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Therefore, we aimed to study the risk factors of increased morbidity and mortality after CABG in patients with non-dialysis-dependent mild-to-moderate chronic kidney disease.
Methods: This prospective study included 50 patients with non-dialysis-dependent renal impairment (renal disease stage II or III) with off-pump (n= 25) or on-pump (n= 25) CABG. Postoperative outcomes and creatinine levels were compared between both groups.
Results: The mean age of all patients was 48.4±12.3 years, and females presented 54% (n= 27). There were no differences in postoperative myocardial infarction (P= 0.923), atrial fibrillation (P= 0.776), blood transfusion (P=0.794), and ICU (P=0.772) and hospital stay (P= 0.698) between groups. Mechanical ventilation was longer in patients with on-pump CABG (16.4 ± 10.9 vs. 6.1 ± 3.2 hours; P˂0.001). Creatinine levels were significantly lower in patients who had off-pump CABG (P˂0.001). The cumulative mortality hazard increases to 56.7% in patients with preoperative creatinine levels above 2 mg/dl.
Conclusion: High preoperative creatinine levels could increase mortality in patients undergoing CABG. Off-pump CABG could be a better approach in patients with mild to moderate renal dysfunction.