bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resting state EEG as biomarker of cognitive training and physical activity’s joint effect in Parkinson’s patients with mild cognitive impairment
Authors: Trenado Carlos , Trauberg Paula , Elben Saskia , Dimenshteyn Karina , Folkerts Ann-Kristin , Witt Karsten , Weiss Daniel , Liepelt-Scarfone Inga , Kalbe Elke , Wojtecki Lars 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Cognitive decline is a major factor for the deterioration of the quality of life in patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recently, it was reported that cognitive training (CT) in PD patients with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) led to an increase of physical activity (PA) accompanied by improved executive function (EF). Moreover, PA has been shown to alter positively brain function and cognitive abilities in PD. Both observations suggest an interaction between CT and PA.

Objectives
A previous multicenter (MC) study was slightly significant when considering independent effects of interventions (CT and PA) on EF. Here, we use MC constituent single center data that showed no effect of interventions on EF. Thus, this exploratory study considers pooling data from both interventions to gain insight into a recently reported interaction between CT and PA and provide a proof of principle for the usefulness of resting state EEG as a neurophysiological biomarker of joint intervention’s effect on EF and attention in PD-MCI.

Methods
Pre- and post-intervention resting state EEG and neuropsychological scores (EF and attention) were obtained from 19 PD-MCI patients (10 (CT) and 9 (PA)). We focused our EEG analysis on frontal cortical areas due to their relevance on cognitive function.

Results
We found a significant joint effect of interventions on EF and a trend on attention, as well as trends for the negative correlation between attention and theta power (pre), the positive correlation between EF and alpha power (post) and a significant negative relationship between attention and theta power over time (post-pre).

Conclusions
Our results support the role of theta and alpha power at frontal areas as a biomarker for the therapeutic joint effect of interventions.
Jang, Korean fermented soybean product, the result of endeavors of ancients for the best taste of Korean diet
Authors: Kim Soon-Hee , Ko Juyeon , Kwon Dae Young 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEach ethnic group has developed a food culture that enjoys delicious food by consuming natural materials or agricultural products from their respective regions. Because soybeans originated in Korea and are abundant there, a way to make delicious soybeans has been developed. Jang is a food made by fermenting soybeans, and representative types include doenjang, gochujang, kanjang, and cheongkukjang. Koreans usually season their food with jangs instead of salt. The representative seasoning of Korea traditional food is jang and yangnyom. When soybeans are fermented, soybean proteins decompose and produce fermentation by-products such as peptides, amino acids, and organic acids that provide new taste and flavor. Therefore, seasoning with jang provides a much richer taste than salt alone. Jang is an essential element of Korean food, adding taste and flavor to other dishes. Since jang is the most important and widely used food in Korean cuisine, Koreans have devoted all their efforts to making jang. These efforts include cleaning the surrounding environment, hanging meju (the blocked soybean) under the roof to dry, using charcoal and red pepper, and more. From a modern scientific perspective, their earnest devotion served functions of hygiene, moisture control, microbial inoculation, and salt control. Jang is a unique Korean food culture born from the tireless efforts of Korean mothers to feed their families with the most delicious food possible, even during times of food scarcity when they had to survive on rough grass.
The mesocortical dopaminergic system cannot explain hyperactivity in an animal model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)- Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR)
Authors: Gungor Aydin Aysegul , Adiguzel Esat 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders with morphological brain abnormalities. There is a growing body of evidence that abnormalities in the dopaminergic system may account for ADHD pathogenesis. However, it is not clear whether the dopaminergic system is hyper or hypoactive. To determine whether the DA neurons and/or axons deficiency might be the cause of the postulated dopaminergic hypofunction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR, animal model of ADHD), this study examined the dopaminergic neurons and fibers in the brain tissues of SHRs and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY, control animals). Here, we performed immunohistochemical tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) staining on brain sections collected on juveniles from SHR and WKY. Moreover, behavioral testing to examine the hyperactivity in the open field area was also elucidated.

Results
The mesocortical dopaminergic system appears to be normal in juvenile SHR, as suggested by (i) no alteration in the area density of TH-immunoreactive (TH-ir) dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), (ii) no alterations in the volume density of TH-ir fibers in layer I of the prelimbic (PrL) subregion of medial PFC (mPFC), (iii) no alteration in the percentage of TH-ir dopaminergic fibers in layer I of the PrL subregion of mPFC as revealed by TH and/or DBH immunoreactivity. Furthermore, the SHR showed increased locomotor activity than WKY in the open field test.

Conclusions
The demonstration of no alteration in mesocortical dopaminergic neurons and fiber in SHR raises some concern about the position of SHR as an animal model of the inattentive subtype of ADHD. However, these results strengthen this strain as an animal model of hyperactive/impulsive subtype ADHD for future studies that may elucidate the underlying mechanism mediating hyperactivity and test various treatment strategies.
Measuring circularity potential for medical waste management – a dynamic circularity performance analysis
Authors: Yang Chih-Kai , Ma Hwong-Wen , Yuan Mei-Hua 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe global transition towards circular economy (CE) signifies a shift in industrial waste management objective from “expansion of recycling industry” to achieve “waste as resource”. The medical industry has attracted CE research attention the due to its significant waste generation and relatively slower progress towards CE, despite the substantial recycling potential identified by the WHO. Studies indicate that this can be attributed to the hazardous nature of medical waste and the prioritization of safety in waste treatment over potential economic and health co-benefits.Recognizing the limitations of current waste management performance evaluation framework, this research introduces the dynamic circularity performance index, and further introduces the two new indicators of “recycling circularity (Rc)” and “real circularity performance”, in conjunction with “recycling rate”, to enable industry-specific sustainability assessment of waste management performance.The case study on Taiwan medical waste management performance from 2014 to 2021 on the four identified medical waste categories confirms the limitations of assessing performance solely based on the quantity-based metric of “recycling rate”. For example, the significant decline in the recycling rate from 33.1% to only 12.2% between 2019 and 2020 might be interpreted as a drop in environmental performance. However, the increase in both overall recycling efficiency and total volume of waste recycled, as demonstrated by “circularity performance” and “real circularity performance” reveals a well-maintained resource recovery performance in coping with the stunning 327% increase in total waste generation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Similarly, while the “recyclable waste’ category exhibits a significant increasing in the recycling rate over the assessment period, the “Rc” results highlight a degradation in recycling efficiency.The synergistic effect of the newly introduced indicators unveils several unique phenomena affecting the CE transition of the medical industry. These includes regulatory control, the single-use mindset, hazardous nature of the waste, the classification of waste, policy incentives and recycling capacity.Further improvement can be made to expand the coverage to all life cycle stages and refine the method for determining the relative circularity of treatment performance. Such advancements can attribute to enhance waste management performance assessment and the development of effective CE transition strategies and policies.
Monocyte and macrophage function in respiratory viral infections
Authors: Arish Mohd , Sun Jie 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPulmonary macrophages, such as tissue-resident alveolar and interstitial macrophages and recruited monocyte-derived macrophages, are the major macrophages present in the lungs during homeostasis and diseased conditions. While tissue-resident macrophages act as sentinels of the alveolar space and play an important role in maintaining homeostasis and immune regulation, recruited macrophages accumulate in the respiratory tract after acute viral infections. Despite sharing similar anatomical niches, these macrophages are distinct in terms of their origins, surface marker expression, and transcriptional profiles, which impart macrophages with distinguished characteristics in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. In this review, we summarize the current view on these macrophage populations, their shared functions, and what makes them distinct from each other in the context of homeostasis and respiratory viral infections.
Five-Year Overall Survival Analysis of the JIPANG Study: Pemetrexed or Vinorelbine Plus Cisplatin for Resected Stage II-IIIA Nonsquamous Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Authors: Kenmotsu Hirotsugu , Yamamoto Nobuyuki , Misumi Toshihiro , Yoh Kiyotaka , Saito Haruhiro , Sugawara Shunichi , Yamazaki Koji , Nakagawa Kazuhiko , Sugio Kenji , Seto Takashi , Toyooka Shinichi , Date Hiroshi , Mitsudomi Tetsuya , Okamoto Isamu , Yokoi Kohei , Saka Hideo , Okamoto Hiroaki , Takiguchi Yuichi , Takahashi Toshiaki , Tsuboi Masahiro 
Published: September 2023

Clinical trials frequently include multiple end points that mature at different times. The initial report, typically based on the primary end point, may be published when key planned co-primary or secondary analyses are not yet available. Clinical Trial Updates provide an opportunity to disseminate additional results from studies, published in JCO or elsewhere, for which the primary end point has already been reported. The JIPANG study is an open-label phase III trial evaluating the efficacy of pemetrexed plus cisplatin (PemP) versus vinorelbine plus cisplatin (NP) as adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage II-IIIA nonsquamous non–small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Here, we report the long follow-up overall survival (OS) data. Eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive either PemP or NP. The primary end point was recurrence-free survival (RFS), and the secondary end point included OS. This analysis was performed using data collected 5 years after the last patient enrollment. Among 804 patients enrolled, 783 patients were eligible (384 for NP and 389 for PemP). The updated median RFS was 37.5 months in the NP arm and 43.4 months in the PemP arm with a hazard ratio of 0.95 (95% CI, 0.79 to 1.14). At a median follow-up of 77.3 months, the OS rates at 3 and 5 years were 84.1% and 75.6% versus 87.0% and 75.0% with a hazard ratio of 1.04 (95% CI, 0.81 to 1.34). This long-term follow-up analysis showed that PemP had similar efficacy to NP in both RFS and OS for this population, with one of the longest OS data compared with the historical data.
rasa1-related arteriovenous malformation is driven by aberrant venous signalling
Authors: Greysson-Wong Jasper , Rode Rachael , Ryu Jae-Ryeon , Chan Jo Li , Davari Paniz , Rinker Kristina D. , Childs Sarah J. 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) develop where abnormal endothelial signalling allows direct connections between arteries and veins. Mutations in RASA1, a Ras GTPase activating protein, lead to AVMs in humans and, as we show, in zebrafish rasa1 mutants. rasa1 mutants develop cavernous AVMs that subsume part of the dorsal aorta and multiple veins in the caudal venous plexus (CVP) – a venous vascular bed. The AVMs progressively enlarge and fill with slow-flowing blood. We show that the AVM results in both higher minimum and maximum flow velocities, resulting in increased pulsatility in the aorta and decreased pulsatility in the vein. These hemodynamic changes correlate with reduced expression of the flow-responsive transcription factor klf2a. Remodelling of the CVP is impaired with an excess of intraluminal pillars, which is a sign of incomplete intussusceptive angiogenesis. Mechanistically, we show that the AVM arises from ectopic activation of MEK/ERK in the vein of rasa1 mutants, and that cell size is also increased in the vein. Blocking MEK/ERK signalling prevents AVM initiation in mutants. Alterations in venous MEK/ERK therefore drive the initiation of rasa1 AVMs.
HAPI Fit: An Exercise Intervention to Improve Peak Aerobic Capacity in Young Adults Born Very Preterm
Authors: Bastien Tardif Camille , Mathieu Marie-Eve , Caru Maxime , Al-Simaani Amy , Girard-Bock Camille , Cloutier Anik , Stickland Mickael K. , Nuyt Anne Monique , Luu Thuy Mai 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction
Individuals born preterm have reduced aerobic capacity, which could be related to impaired organ development. Their capacity to improve aerobic capacity with exercise training could therefore be limited but this remains unknown. We aimed to test an exercise intervention to improve cardiorespiratory fitness in adults born preterm.

Methods
21 very preterm and 37 full-term individuals, aged 18-33 years, took part in a 14-week supervised exercise intervention of cardiovascular, resistance and flexibility training (2 groups and 1 individual sessions/week). Adherence and compliance to intervention was recorded. Primary outcome was change in peak oxygen consumption (peak

O2) measured pre- and post-intervention. Within and between-groups differences were estimated using non-parametric tests.

Results
Of 219 eligible individuals, 58 were enrolled and 14 participants dropped out over the course of the intervention. Among the 44 who completed the intervention, mean adherence was 82% and 66% for group and individual sessions, respectively. Compliance with training requirement varied between 71-100%. There was no difference in adherence between the preterm and full-term groups. Because only one preterm male met adherence criteria, subsequent analyses were done exclusively on females. Both the term and preterm groups achieved higher peak

O2 following the intervention [term = +4.2 (standard deviation 4.3) mL·min-1·kg-1, P < 0.01; preterm = +4.7 (2.9) mL·min-1·kg-1, P < 0.01]. There was no between-group difference in the response to the intervention (P = 0.729).

Conclusions
Recruitment and adherence to an exercise intervention are challenging. Results could indicate improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness in young women born preterm following current exercise program. Adaptation of this intervention is needed for wider uptake.
Case Report: Non-convulsive seizure following traumatic brain injury — a significant occurrence that needs to be considered due to potential long-term sequelae
Authors: Zafar Azra 
Published: September 2023

Introduction/background Non convulsive seizures (NCS) following traumatic brain injury (TBI) may remain undiagnosed due to lack of overt clinical manifestation and can have long-term sequelae due to delay in timely treatment. Occurrence of early NCS is known to have subsequent neurologic sequelae due to excitotoxic neuronal injury. Case report This is a case report of a young girl who sustained a TBI due to a motor vehicle accident (MVA) and was admitted with a fluctuating level of consciousness. Her clinical presentation was attributed to TBI; however as her conscious level did not recover, an electroencephalogram (EEG) was requested, which detected non convulsive status epilepticus (NCSE). Anti-seizure medication (ASM) was started. Her follow-up EEG and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were suggestive of the potential adverse effects of prolonged NCSE. Conclusion NCS may remain undiagnosed in TBI due to a paucity of overt clinical manifestations. Every patient with TBI and altered consciousness at presentation should be evaluated by EEG immediately, if possible, in the emergency department to avoid long-term sequelae of NCS in such cases.
A qualitative exploration of advantages and disadvantages to using technology in the process of randomised controlled trial recruitment
Authors: Muldowney Lauren A. , Hynes Sinéad M. , Oglesby Megan , Dwyer Christopher P. 
Published: September 2023

Background: Despite its importance, recruiting a sufficient sample size for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) can pose a significant challenge, which has real-world impact on reliability of evidence, trial completion and ultimately, patient care. Technology has potential to enhance the recruitment process, but there is a lack of evidence regarding its current use and effectiveness. Consistent with findings from the PRioRiTy I study, the current research aims to explore the advantages and disadvantages to using technology during the recruitment process for RCTs. Methods: Semi-structured interviews (n=7) were conducted with researchers involved in RCT recruitment in Ireland. Subsequently, a Public & Patient Involvement (PPI) panel focus group (n=3) was conducted to add further depth to these findings. The data were qualitatively analysed through ‘Reflexive Thematic Analysis’ to extract prominent themes. Results: A superordinate theme arose: ‘Tech is just a medium so that you can reach more people’, along with two themes, which were corroborated by the PPI focus group: ‘Technology is used if and when the benefits outweigh the costs’ and ‘Success of recruitment through technology depends on the nature of the study.’ Conclusions: This study provided a deeper understanding of the factors which influence researchers to employ technology in recruitment for RCTs. Implications suggest that future researchers should aim to adapt their recruitment approaches to meet digital tool preferences of their target cohort; and engage with patient groups in the community to allow networking opportunities for future studies. This research may contribute towards maximising efficiency in RCT recruitment.
İSTANBUL TÜRBELER MÜZESİ’NDE BULUNAN BİR GRUP ŞİFA TASI
Authors: ALLAK Fırat 
Published: September 2023

Tarih boyunca her toplum günlük yaşamın getirdiği farklı etkilerden korunmanın yollarını aramıştır. Böylece geleneksel inançlara bağlı olarak oluşturulmuş korunma şekiller ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu korunma şekilleri arasında en yaygın olanı şifa taslarıdır. Şifa tasları çeşitli hastalık ve sıkıntılardan kurtulmak için üzerine yazılan ayet, sayı ve harf vefkleri ile ikonografik anlamlar yüklenen çeşitli sembollerle bezenmiş küçük sanat eserleridir. Şifa tasları malzeme, süsleme ve nitelik gibi özellikleri itibariyle sanat tarihi kapsamı içerisinde değerlendirilmesinin yanı sıra dua, ayet, motif özellikleri göz önüne alındığında halk inancını yansıtması bakımından aynı zamanda halk bilimi disiplini içerisinde de önemli bir yer teşkil etmektedir. Şifa tasları bu açıdan bakıldığında bize sadece madeni eserler hakkında maddi ve somut bilgiler sunmaktan ziyade birçok kültürel, geleneksel özellikler barındırması ve insanların inanç sistemi ile bir geleneği anlatan özellikler sergilemesi yönünden de bir hayli ilginç ve farklı bir eser grubu olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır.
Bu çalışmada, İstanbul Türbeler Müzesi’nde bulunan bir grup şifa tası sanat tarihi disiplini çerçevesinde incelenmiştir. Maden sanatı içerisinde önemli bir yere sahip olan bu kapların üzerindeki dualar okunarak taslardaki ayetler ve süslemeler değerlendirilmeye çalışılmıştır. Ağırlıklı olarak pirinç madeninden döküm tekniği ile üretilen şifa taslarının özellikle Türk İslam sanatı içerisindeki yeri üzerinde durulmuştur.
Pre-vaccination monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio as a biomarker for the efficacy of malaria candidate vaccines: A subgroup analysis of pooled clinical trial data
Authors: Nyandele Jane Paula , Kibondo Ummi Abdul , Issa Fatuma , Van Geertruyden Jean Pierre , Warimwe George , Jongo Said , Abdulla Salim , Olotu Ally 
Published: September 2023

Background
Pre-vaccination monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio was previously suggested as a marker for malaria vaccine effectiveness. We investigated the potential of this cell ratio as a marker for malaria vaccine efficacy and effectiveness. Effectiveness was investigated by using clinical malaria endpoint, and efficacy was investigated by using surrogate endpoints of Plasmodium falciparum prepatent period, parasite density, and multiplication rates in a controlled human malaria infection trial (CHMI).

Methods
We evaluated the correlation between monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio and RTS,S vaccine effectiveness using Cox regression modeling with clinical malaria as the primary endpoint. Of the 1704 participants in the RTS,S field trial, data on monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio was available for 842 participants, of whom our analyses were restricted. We further used Spearman Correlations and Cox regression modeling to evaluate the correlation between monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio and Whole Sporozoite malaria vaccine efficacy using the surrogate endpoints. Of the 97 participants in the controlled human malaria infection vaccine trials, hematology and parasitology information were available for 82 participants, of whom our analyses were restricted.

Results
The unadjusted efficacy of RTS,S malaria vaccine was 54% (95% CI: 37%-66%, p <0.001). No correlation was observed between monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio and RTS,S vaccine efficacy (Hazard Rate (HR):0.90, 95%CI:0.45–1.80; p = 0.77). The unadjusted efficacy of Whole Sporozoite malaria vaccine in the appended dataset was 17.6% (95%CI:10%-28.5%, p<0.001). No association between monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio and the Whole Sporozoite malaria vaccine was found against either the prepatent period (HR = 1.16; 95%CI:0.51–2.62, p = 0.72), parasite density (rho = 0.004, p = 0.97) or multiplication rates (rho = 0.031, p = 0.80).

Conclusion
Monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio alone may not be an adequate marker for malaria vaccine efficacy. Further investigations on immune correlates and underlying mechanisms of immune protection against malaria could provide a clearer explanation of the differences between those protected in comparison with those not protected against malaria by vaccination.