bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The effect of anamorelin (ONO-7643) on cachexia in cancer patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Rezaei Shahla , de Oliveira Livia Costa , Ghanavati Matin , Shadnoush Mahdi , Akbari Mohammad Esmaeil , Akbari Atieh , Hadizadeh Mohammad , Ardehali Seyed Hossein , Wakabayashi Hidetaka , Elhelali Ala , Rahmani Jamal 
Published: August 2023

Background Cachexia is associated with increased morbidity and mortality rates in patients with cancer. This meta-analysis aims to explore the effect of anamorelin on cancer cachexia markers. Methods We searched MEDLINE/PubMed, SCOPUS, and WOS from their inception until 5 June 2022. A systematic search was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. We included trials investigating the effect of anamorelin on body weight, lean body mass, fat mass, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), handgrip, quality of life insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), and in patients with cancer. A random-effects model was run to pooled results. Results Five articles providing 1331 participants were analyzed in this study. Pooled analysis revealed a significant increase in body weight (weighted mean difference (WMD): 1.56 kg, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.20, 1.92; I2= 0%), lean body mass (WMD: 1.36 kg, 95% CI: 0.85, 1.86; I2= 53.1%), fat mass (WMD: 1.02 kg, 95% CI: 0.51, 1.53; I2= 60.7%), IGF-1 (WMD: 51.16 ng/mL, 95% CI: 41.42, 60.90, I2= 0%), and IGFBP-3 (WMD: 0.43 μg/mL, 95% CI: 0.17, 0.68, I2= 98.6%). Results showed no significant increase in appetite when analysis run on all studies without considering different doses 0.29 (95% CI: −0.30, 0.89, I2= 73.8%), however, there was a significant increase in appetite without heterogeneity and inconsistency 0.59 (95% CI: 0.32, 0.86; I2= 0%) in the 100 mg/day group compared to anamorelin non-user. Conclusions Patients with cancer who receive anamorelin as a treatment for cachexia showed a significant increase in body weight, lean body mass, fat mass, IGF-1, and IGFBP-3.
Factors associated with potentially inappropriate medications in elderly with multiple myeloma
Authors: Machado Taisa R L , de Pádua Cristiane A M , de Miranda Drummond Paula L , Silveira Lívia P , Malta Jéssica S , dos Santos Roberta M M , Costa Naiane L , Reis Adriano M M 
Published: August 2023

Introduction Elderly with cancer often have multimorbidity, which determines a higher risk of polypharmacy. This is related to negative clinical results such as adverse drug reaction and emergence service visits. Furthermore, polypharmacy increases the risk of using potentially inappropriate medications. Objective To evaluate the use of potentially inappropriate medication in elderly with multiple myeloma and associated factors. Methods The study was conducted with older adults with multiple myeloma treated at outpatient oncology and hematology services in a southeastern Brazilian capital. Potentially inappropriate medications were classified using the American Geriatric Society/Beers 2019 Criteria. Variables were described using frequency and proportions, performing multiple logistic regression to identify factors associated with the use of potentially inappropriate medications. Results One hundred fifty-three older adults with multiple myeloma were included, with a median age of 70.9 years. The median number of medications was 8, and 63% of patients used polypharmacy. More than half (54%) of the patients used potentially inappropriate medications, and proton pump inhibitors (46%) and benzodiazepines (8%) were the most employed therapeutic classes. Older adults who used potentially inappropriate medications differed from those who did not use them in the following characteristics: income up to three minimum wages, higher schooling level, private service, multimorbidity, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, depression, adverse event, and polypharmacy. Higher schooling levels and polypharmacy were independently associated with the use of potentially inappropriate medications in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion Potentially inappropriate medication use was high in patients with multiple myeloma studied. The use of polypharmacy and higher schooling levels were independently and positively associated with the use of potentially inappropriate medications.
Clinical Treatment Score Post-5 Years as a Tool for Risk Estimation of Late Recurrence in Thai Patients With Estrogen-Receptor-Positive, Early Breast Cancer: A Validation Study
Authors: Dejthevaporn Thitiya , Patanayindee Panchanin 
Published: August 2023

Background: The risk of late distant recurrence (LDR) of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer continues even after 5 years of endocrine treatment. Clinical Treatment Score after 5 years (CTS5) was developed and validated as a tool to assess the risk of LDR using data from Tamoxifen, Arimidex Alone or in Combinations (ATAC) and Breast International Group 1-98 (BIG1-98) trials. This study aimed to externally validate CTS5 in a real-world cohort of patients treated at an academic center in Thailand. Methods: The study was a retrospective analytical research study of early-stage, ER-positive breast cancer patients. The primary endpoint was LDR. The risk of LDR was determined using the CTS5 calculator. Cox regression model and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis were applied for prognostic validation of CTS5. Calibration was performed by comparing observed LDR to expected LDR using the Hosmer-Lemeshow (H-L) test. Results: A total of 323 women were included with a median follow-up period of 11.6 years. The rate of LDR was 10.8%. The CTS5 was prognostic for LDR. C-index of the area under the ROC curve was 0.672. There was no significant difference between actual and expected numbers of LDR with an observed (O) LDR events to expected (E) number of LDR events ratio of 0.99 (0.86-1.12) (H-L P = .79) indicating a proper calibration in this cohort. Conclusions: Our study validated that CTS5 is accurate in predicting the risk of LDR in ER-positive breast cancer cases in Thai patients. Its performance seemed to be better in postmenopausal patients. CTS5 could be applied in routine clinical practice to improve decisions regarding prolonged endocrine therapy, particularly in resource-limited countries where molecular profiling are inaccessible.
Injuries in padel players: What is known? A scoping review
Authors: Giustino Valerio , Figlioli Flavia , Patti Antonino , Vicari Domenico Savio Salvatore , Alamia Giuseppe , Palma Antonio , Romualdo Castillo-Lozano , Thomas Ewan , Bianco Antonino 
Published: August 2023

Background Padel has spread rapidly in several countries around the world. Although this racket sport seems to have several health benefits, the number of scientific papers on this sport is still very few. This scoping review aimed to systematically map the evidence regarding injuries in Padel players by identifying, synthesizing, and assessing the studies currently existing in the scientific literature. Methods This scoping review was conducted following the guidelines provided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews and the Population, Concept, Context framework was adopted. Articles were collected from PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus. Results A total of seven studies were included in this review. The most frequent injury location is in the elbow, followed by shoulder, and low back. As for lower limbs, knee represents the most affected body region. Although not all the studies included described the type of injuries, tendon, joint, and muscle are the body structure most injured. Conclusion This scoping review can aid in a better comprehension of the location and type of injuries that occur in Padel players. However, it is worth noting that all the studies existing concerns nonprofessional athletes. Hence, these findings could be useful to coaches as they add knowledge on the risk of injury in padel that can allow the planning of suitable training programs for amateur and recreational players in order to prevent injuries.
Management and outcome of obstructive airway complications after lung transplantation – a 12-year retrospective cohort study
Authors: Gottlieb Jens , Fuehner Thomas , Zardo Patrick 
Published: August 2023

Background: Obstructive airway complications (OACs) represent a significant problem after lung transplantation (LTx). Bilateral OACs after double lung transplantation are infrequently reported. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate management and outcome of OAC. Design: Retrospective single-center cohort study Methods: Adult patients with bilateral LTx performed between 2010 and 2021 were included. Patients with follow-ups of less than 3 months and after heart–lung transplantation were excluded. OAC was defined either as the need for stenting, surgical revision, or balloon dilatation. Outcome parameters included graft survival, graft function, quality of life, and management. Results: During the study period, 1,170 patients were included. Hundred thirty-five (11.5%) patients developed OAC. Forty-six (4.4%) patients had significant bilateral OAC. Thirty-seven (80%) bilateral OAC patients were treated by stent insertion; in 34 patients, biodegradable stents were used. The median number of bronchoscopies in bilateral OAC was 26 during the first postoperative year compared with nine in controls ( p < 0.001). Fourteen OAC patients ( n = 10 bilateral) underwent surgical revision including six re-do transplantations. Graft loss occurred significantly more frequently in patients with bilateral OAC with a graft survival of 63% and 50% in these after 3 and 5 years compared with 83% and 73% in controls without OAC ( p < 0.001). Baseline forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in patients with bilateral OAC was median 58% predicted in comparison with 90% in controls ( p < 0.001). Quality of life was significantly reduced. Conclusion: Bilateral OACs impose a high burden of disease on patients after lung transplantation and were associated with early and late graft loss. Affected patients’ OAC demonstrated reduced graft function and impaired quality of life. Most OACs were managed by bronchoscopy preferably by non-permanent stenting. Surgery including re-do transplantation was used in selected cases.
Patterns of participation in early childhood education before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia
Authors: Molloy Carly S , Guo Shuaijun , Goldfeld Sharon 
Published: August 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected children’s care and education worldwide. This article reports on patterns of participation in early childhood education and care (ECEC) across Australia as influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic and national policies. Using ECEC data from Xplor – a software platform used across Australian childcare centres (2019: n = 229,349; 2020: n = 229,468), patterns of attendance rates were examined nationally in 2019 and 2020 by service-level and family-level characteristics. The average attended hours per week of ECEC nationally in 2020 (18.32 hours) was less than that in 2019 (21.26 hours). Attendance rates at ECEC in 2020 declined rapidly from 66% to 26.2% at the onset of the COVID-19 outbreak. Fee-free subsidy from Australian governments did not substantially increase attendance or reduce disparities in attendance for vulnerable families. Low ECEC attendance rates for prolonged periods could have significant implications for child development, particularly for children from vulnerable backgrounds.
Effect of the 2018 NCAA Kickoff Rule Change on Concussion Rates in Collegiate Football: Results From a Division 1 Conference
Authors: Whelan Bridget M. , Harmon Kimberly G , Aukerman Douglas F , Konstantinides Niki A , Poddar Sourav K , Bohr Adam D 
Published: August 2023

Background: Kickoff plays in American football are associated with an increased risk of concussion compared with other play types. In 2018, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Football Rules Committee altered the kickoff rules so a fair catch inside the 25-yard line results in a touchback, with the ensuing drive starting on the 25-yard line. The intention was to decrease the number of kickoff returns with a corresponding decrease in the rate of concussions on kickoff plays. Purpose: To determine whether the 2018 rule changes had the intended effects in an NCAA Division 1 Conference. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: The study population included football athletes in the NCAA Pacific-12 (Pac-12) Conference. Data on the total number of plays, punts, kickoffs, touchbacks, and fair catches were obtained for all in-conference games from the 2016 to 2021 seasons. The number of game concussions and the play type were provided by each conference institution. Incidence of concussions occurring during kickoff plays before (2016-2017) and after (2018-2021) the rule change were compared with a difference-in-difference analysis using Poisson general linear models. Results: There were 242 concussions in 108,774 total plays in the study period, with an overall concussion rate of 2.2 per 1000 plays. The percentage of touchbacks increased significantly from 45% to 51% ( P < .001) and the percentage of fair catches increased from 1% to 7% ( P < .001) from before to after the rule change. Kickoffs accounted for 6% of plays both before and after the rule change and 11% of concussions before and 14% after the change. The mean annual concussion rate (per 1000 plays) on kickoffs was 3.42 before and 5.31 after the rule change (rate difference: 1.89; 95% confidence interval, -1.22 to 5.01). Conclusion: Touchbacks and fair catches increased after the kickoff rule change, but there was not a corresponding decrease in concussions during kickoff plays as anticipated. Concussions occurring during other football plays remained stable.
Paper 01: Distance-to-Dislocation Predicts Recurrent Dislocation and Return-to-Sport Following Latarjet
Authors: Sabzevari Soheil , Reddy Rajiv , Cluts Landon , Sebastiani Romano , Dworkin Joshua , Schmidt Christopher , Lin Albert , Charles Shaquille 
Published: August 2023

Objectives: More recently, the glenoid track has been described as a continuum rather than a binary “on-track/off-track” concept. “Distance to dislocation” (DTD), which defines how far an on-track lesion is from being off-track, has proven to be a strong predictor for recurrent dislocation following arthroscopic Bankart repair. Risk of recurrent instability following a Latarjet as it relates to DTD, however, is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine if DTD is a predictor of recurrent dislocation and return-to-sport/work (RTS). We hypothesized higher DTD values would correlate with lower failure rates and higher rates of RTS. Methods: We retrospectively identified 106 consecutive patients who underwent a Latarjet between 2012 and 2022. Glenoid bone loss, Hills-Sachs Interval (HSI), glenoid track (GT), and DTD ( DTD = GT – HSI) were determined from preoperative MRIs. On-track shoulders corresponded with positive DTD values, while off-track shoulders revealed negative DTD values. Relatedly, the more positive or negative the DTD value, the more on-track or off-track the shoulder. Univariate and multivariate cox regression analyses were utilized to evaluate the association between recurrent dislocation, patient demographics, and DTD. Using parametric survival analysis, we evaluated the association between RTS, demographics, and DTD. Results: Seventeen patients (16%) experienced recurrent dislocations. Our cohort was 70% male with an average follow-up of 1.5 years. Patient age (p=0.035), revision status (p=0.033), and DTD (p=0.005) were significant predictors of reoperation on univariate analysis. After adjusting for confounders, only DTD (p=0.043) remained a significant predictor of recurrent instability, Figure 1. Regarding RTS, patient age (p=0.14), sex (p=0.029), and DTD (p<0.0005) were predictive of RTS on univariate analysis. After adjusting for covariates, we observed an interaction between patient age and DTD (p=0.036). More specifically, older patients have a more prolonged RTS at lower DTD values compared to younger patients, Figure 2. Conclusions: Regardless of on-track vs off-track status, DTD is a useful variable in the work-up of patients undergoing Latarjet reconstruction. Lower DTD values are predictive of higher rates of recurrent instability and lower rates of RTS, especially in older patients.
Paper 23: Taking the Load Off: Effect of Varus Producing Distal Femoral Osteotomy and High Tibial Osteotomy on Compartment Pressures and Contact Area in Varying Stages of Knee Flexion
Authors: Foster Michael , Su Chuck , Vopat Matthew , Hollenbeck Justin , Brown Justin , Vidal Armando , Liles Jordan 
Published: August 2023

Objectives: Study Objective: Evaluate mean contact area, mean contact pressure, and peak contact pressure in the medial and lateral compartment of the knee following varus producing high tibial osteotomy and distal femoral osteotomy in varying states of knee flexion (0*, 30*, 60*, 90*). Background: Genu valgum causes mechanical pressure to be transferred to the lateral compartment. In patients with valgus alignment and a diseased lateral compartment, both lateral opening wedge distal femoral osteotomy (DFO) and high tibial closing wedge osteotomy (HTO) can be used to unload a diseased lateral compartment of the knee. To the best of our knowledge, there are no biomechanical studies investigating how a DFO and HTO affect lateral compartment contact pressure and area in varying states of flexion. Prior anatomic studies have shown that, in valgus knees, the tibial wear is posterior. Additional, biomechanical studies have indicated that DFO exerts the greatest effect in full extension but it’s effect is decreased as flexion angle rises. Hypothesis: Medial closing wedge high tibial osteotomy will significantly decrease contact area, mean contact pressure and peak contact pressure in the lateral knee compartment through knee flexion to a greater extent compared to lateral opening wedge distal femoral osteotomy. Methods: Lateral opening wedge DFO and medial closing wedge HTO was performed, correcting a mean of 8°, in 10 cadaveric knees using plate fixation. Tibio- femoral contact pressure of the medial and lateral compartment was measured in 0°, 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion before and after osteotomy using thin electronic sensors (K-scan Model 4000, 1500 psi; Tekscan Inc, South Boston, MA) and load applied through an Instron device (Instron, Norwood, MA). Peak contact pressure (PCP), average contact pressure (ACP), and contact area (CA) were measured for each condition. Mixed-effects regression analyses were used to compare the change in variables before and after osteotomy and between flexion angles. Results: The lateral ACP was significantly decreased in the HTO state when compared to native in 30° (p=0.015), 60° (p=0.0199), and 90° (p<0.0001) of flexion. The lateral ACP was also significantly decreased in the HTO state when compared to the DFO state in 60° (p=0.0093) and 90° of flexion (p<0.0001). Following DFO, the lateral ACP returned to that of the native state in 60° (p=1.000) and 90° (p=1.000) of flexion. The medial ACP was significantly increased when compared to both the native and HTO state in 60° (p<0.001; p=0.015) and 90° (p<0.0001; p=0.0435) of flexion. Conclusions: With varus corrections of <10°, medial closing HTO is more effective at unloading the lateral compartment than lateral opening DFO. This effect is amplified as the knee flexion angle increases.
Paper 25: The Impact of Posterior Tibial Slope on Meniscal Injury in Acute ACL Ruptures: A Large, Retrospective Registry Study
Authors: Retzky Julia , Hsu Janet , Arnone Paley , Greditzer Harry , Nawabi Danyal , Marx Robert , Thacher Ryan 
Published: August 2023

Objectives: Increased posterior tibial slope has previously been associated with an elevated risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. Recent studies have suggested there may be a relationship between posterior slope and meniscal tears in ACL ruptures, however, these studies have either included chronic ACL injuries, revision ACL reconstructions or an overall low number of study participants. The goal of this study is to leverage a large ACL registry to assess the impact of posterior tibial slope on meniscal tears in acute ACL ruptures. Methods: A large, single-institution knee registry was consulted to identify all patients between the age of 18 and 45 who underwent primary ACL reconstruction between Jan 2019 and July 2022 for acute, noncontact ACL rupture, defined as undergoing surgery within 90 days of injury. Patients with pre-existing meniscal pathology, chronic ACL reconstructions, revisions, multi-ligament knee injuries and nonoperatively managed ACL injuries were excluded. Preoperative MRIs were used to measure lateral and medial posterior tibial slope for all patients. Meniscal injury seen in-situ during arthroscopy was recorded based on operative reports. Demographics data, including age, sex, and body mass index, was also recorded. Independent cohorts were created based on the presence or absence of any meniscal injury. Two-tailed student’s t tests were used to compare average medial and lateral posterior tibial slopes between these groups. Separate analyses were also performed to assess the impact of posterior slope on medial and lateral meniscus tears independently. Multiple logistic regression was carried out to determine risk factors for meniscal injury in this population. Results: 1059 patients ultimately met inclusion criteria. The average age was 29.5 and there were 532 (50%) women. There were 253 (24%) patients with isolated lateral meniscus tears, 152 (14%) patients with isolated medial meniscus tears and 93 (9%) patients with both medial and lateral tears. The average lateral and medial posterior tibial slopes were 5.54 (-4.2 to 13.4) and 5.67 (0 to 15.7), respectively. Increased lateral tibial slope was associated with a statistically significant increase in rate of any meniscal tear (p=.0022). Lateral slope was also associated with a higher rate of lateral meniscal tears, specifically (p=.0009). Multiple logistic regression identified elevated BMI and male sex as independent risk factors for meniscal injury in this population. Conclusions: Increased lateral posterior tibial slope is associated with a higher rate of meniscus injury in acute ACL ruptures and should be considered when devising treatment algorithms for patients in this population. [Table: see text][Table: see text][Table: see text][Table: see text]