bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An MBSE Architectural Framework for Inter‐Satellite Communication in a Multiorbit Disaggregated System
Authors: Anyanhun Awele , Adejokun Ademola Peter , Hause Matthew 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe Multi‐Orbit Disaggregated System (MODS) concept is a disaggregation strategy geared towards improved resiliency and flexibility of space missions by dispersing payloads and/or functionality across multiple small satellites (SmallSats). Although SmallSats make good candidates for deployment as a MOD System, their success hinges on the ability to realize reliable Inter‐Satellite Communication (ISC). To this end, we investigate the efficacy of developing a model‐based systems engineering (MBSE) Architectural Framework for ISC to guide and constrain instantiations of ISC architecture solutions. An MBSE architectural framework is a systems engineering artifact that defines a set of views required to describe an architecture based on MBSE principles and practices. It provides a standardized structure and guidance to capture architectural decisions while maximizing opportunities for commonality, consistency, and interoperability within the Domain of Interest. To achieve well‐defined architecture descriptions, a MODS architectural framework pattern, and a comprehensive architectural framework for the ISC (sub)system are created and presented. The Systems Modeling Language (SysML) (OMG, 2019) serves as the modeling language for the framework design.
Process Flow Modeling for an In‐Time Aviation Safety Management System
Authors: Mbaye Seydou , Jones Garfield , Davies Misty D. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn 2018, the National Academies challenged the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) to lead the development of an In‐Time Aviation Safety Management System (IASMS). This IASMS would enable increasingly autonomous aviation operations by automating the safety monitoring, assessment, and mitigation functions currently performed manually as part of the Safety Management System (SMS) process. In this paper, we detail today's SMS processes. We will also be drafting a process flow of today's SMS based on the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)'s guidelines. Furthermore, we will be developing bowtie diagrams for two use case scenarios identified by the Flight Safety Foundation (FSF) in their Disaster Monitoring and First Response studies.
Gender‐based Differences in the INCOSE Professional Competencies
Authors: Hahn Heidi Ann 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIn 2018, the International Council on Systems Engineering (INCOSE) introduced a set of competencies for systems engineers in a framework structure that gives guidance as to the knowledge, skills, abilities, and behaviors important to systems engineering effectiveness at each of five “levels” of competence, ranging from awareness to expert. There are five categories of competencies: Core, Technical, Professional, Systems Engineering Management, and Integrating.The purpose of this paper is to explore research‐grounded gender‐related differences in the INCOSE Professional Competencies and their implications for the ability of systems engineers of either gender to apply them in practice.
The Power of Connection between Systems Engineering and 3D Wire Harness: Model‐Based Wire Harness Engineering at Lockheed Martin Skunk Works
Authors: Meeker Chris , Davies Clifton , Fontanié Pascal , Pavalkis Saulius , Sery Axelle , Yang Zhen 
Published: July 2023

AbstractLockheed Martin Skunk Works has extended their digital engineering approach for wire harness engineering to span system architecture, logical design, 3D design and manufacturing representation. Their Model‐Based Wire Harness Engineering realizes the promise of Model‐Based Systems Engineering through significant improvements in integrating SysML models and 3D designs.
Risk and protective factors for pregnancy‐related urinary incontinence until 1 year postpartum: A cohort study using patient‐reported outcome measures in Italy
Authors: Ferrari Amerigo , Mannella Paolo , Caputo Alessia , Simoncini Tommaso , Bonciani Manila 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the epidemiology of pregnancy‐related urinary incontinence (UI) and the related risk factors, focusing also on women's characteristics related to maternity pathway utilization.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, we used patient‐reported data obtained from the systematic survey on the maternity pathway that all pregnant women in Tuscany, Italy, can join. We selected 8410 women who completed—between March 2019 and November 2022—all five follow‐up questionnaires from the first trimester until 12 months postpartum, each including a UI‐specific patient‐reported outcome measure. We performed panel regression models to explore the related risk factors.ResultsPrevalence of UI was 4.4% at the first trimester, 23.7% at the third trimester, and 15.6%, 12.6%, and 12.4% at 3, 6, and 12 months postpartum. UI occurrence and severity were higher in older, overweight/obese, and unemployed women. High‐risk pregnancy and discomfort during pregnancy were risk factors. Receiving a cesarean section reduced the risk, while spontaneous tears, episiotomy, and high birth weight increased it. Women who experienced delays in pregnancy examinations because of long waiting times and women who had planned pregnancy had a higher risk, while performing during‐pregnancy pelvic‐floor‐muscle training was protective.ConclusionBesides confirming the classic risk and protective factors for UI, we also found novel determinants related to the proper maternity pathway utilization.
Drug use and suicidal ideation in the daily lives of individuals in a dialectical behavior therapy program
Authors: McCool Matison W. , Mochrie Kirk D. , Lothes John E. , Guendner Eric , John Jane St. , Noel Nora E. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivesSubstance use disorders and borderline personality disorders (BPD) often co‐occur and may be concurrently treated by Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT). However, there is limited information on how drug use and suicidal ideation may interact in the daily lives of individuals receiving DBT treatment.MethodsThis study examined the DBT diary cards of 47 individuals in a community mental health center's partial hospital and intensive outpatient program. Multilevel modeling techniques were used to examine the moderating effects of BPD symptom severity on the relationship between same day, 1‐, 2‐, and 3‐day lagged drug use and suicidal ideation.ResultsResults indicated a significant relationship between same‐day, 1‐day lagged, 2‐day lagged drug use and suicidal ideation. BPD was a moderator for the relationship between 1‐day lagged drug use and suicidal ideation.ConclusionLimitations of the study include the measure for BPD symptom severity was only collected pretreatment and the results are likely limited to the effects of cannabis use on suicidal ideation. Clinicians may need to consider the prolonged effects of drug use on suicidal ideation when conducting chain analyses on suicidal behaviors.
Enhanced Abductor Function in Bilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis with Muscle Stem Cells
Authors: Paniello Randal C. , Brookes Sarah , Zhang Hongji , Halum Stacey 
Published: July 2023

IntroductionPatients with bilateral vocal fold paralysis (BVFP) experience airway obstruction because of loss of abductor function of posterior cricoarytenoid (PCA) muscles. We previously reported that implantation of autologous muscle progenitor (stem) cells into thyroarytenoid muscles during reinnervation resulted in improved adductor function. In this study, that same approach was applied to treating PCA muscles in a canine model of BVFP.DesignAnimal study.MethodsTwo canines underwent baseline measures of glottal resistance (GR), then complete transection and suture repair of both recurrent laryngeal nerves. Muscle stem cells were isolated from skeletal muscle and cultured. Two months later, GR was measured, and then 107 stem cells were implanted into one PCA muscle of each animal. After four more months, GR and glottal opening force (GOF) were measured and the muscles were harvested for histologic study. One control dog underwent the same procedures without stem cell implantation, for comparison.ResultsGR increased by 21%–25% over baseline at 2 months, but after stem cell implantation, improved to 10%–14% over baseline at 6 months. PCA muscle strength, as determined by GOF, was 61%–65% on control sides (no stem cells), and 78%–83% on treated sides (with stem cells). Histology confirmed survival of stem cells and a 50% higher rate of innervation of motor endplates in the stem cell treated sides.ConclusionAutologous muscle progenitor (stem) cells show promise as a potential new therapy for patients with bilateral vocal fold paralysis. Additional studies are needed to determine the optimal number of cells, timing of implantation, and other variables before launching a clinical trial.Level of EvidenceNA (animal study) Laryngoscope, 134:324–328, 2024
Eosinophilic pneumonia developed after dupilumab administration in a patient with atopic dermatitis
Authors: Kanata Kei , Shirai Toshihiro , Ichijo Koshiro , Uehara Masahiro 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA 63‐year‐old woman with refractory atopic dermatitis started treatment with dupilumab. She developed a cough 4 days later, sputum, and a slight fever 2 weeks later. Laboratory test results showed a blood eosinophil count of 7360/μL. Chest x‐ray and computed tomography scan showed infiltrative shadows with surrounding consolidation of both upper lobes. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid eosinophil count was increased (50.0%), and histopathological findings were consistent with numerous eosinophilic infiltrations. Treatment with prednisolone 30 mg/day (0.5 mg/kg/day) was initiated. Her symptom resolved, and the shadow of the lung fields improved. There have been no reported cases of eosinophilic pneumonia diagnosed 7 weeks after the administration of dupilumab for atopic dermatitis.
Simultaneous denitrification and electricity generation in a methane‐powered bioelectrochemical system
Authors: Chen Long , Guo Yanli , Zhang Shaohui , Ma Wenqing 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBioelectrochemical system is a novel method for controlling down nitrate pollution, yet the feasibility of using methane as the electron donors for denitrification in this system remains unknown. In this study, using the effluent from mother BESs as inocula, a denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation bioelectrochemical system was successfully started up in 92 days. When operated with 50 mmol/L phosphate buffer solution at pH 7 and 30°C, the maximum methane consumption, nitrate, and total nitrogen removal load reached 0.23 ± 0.01 mmol/d, 551.0 ± 22.1 mg N/m3/d, and 64.0 ± 18.8 mg N/m3/d, respectively. Meanwhile, the peak voltage of 93 ± 4 mV, the anodic coulombic efficiency of 6.99 ± 0.20%, and the maximum power density of 219.86 mW/m3 were obtained. The metagenomics profiles revealed that the dominant denitrifying bacteria in the cathodic chamber reduced most nitrate to nitrite through denitrification and assimilatory reduction. In the anodic chamber, various archaea including methanotrophs and methanogens converted methane via reverse methanogenesis to form formate (or H2), acetate, and methyl compounds, which were than utilized by electroactive bacteria to generate electricity.Practitioner Points
A denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation BES was successfully started up in 92 d.
Simultaneous removal of methane and nitrate was achieved in the DAMO‐BES.
Functional genes related to AMO and denitrification were detected in the DAMO‐BES.
Methylocystis can mediate AMO in the anode and denitrification in the cathode.
Values Education, Politics and Religion
Authors: Grümme Bernhard 
Published: July 2023

AbstractValues are controversial and the discourse on values is a discourse on crisis. Simultaneously, it becomes clear that values must also be learned. This connection between values and education becomes even more dynamic when one enters the field of religion and politics. How can religious or even Christian values be conveyed in the heterogeneity of late-modern societies in such a way that they have an orienting and meaningful effect without demoting the goals of autonomy? The reflections here aim to develop a profile of values education, which will then be defined with examples from the EVS research. The following considerations attempt to clarify the concept of values, develop a profile of religious values education, and provide a real-life illustration of this by using the example of compassion education. In doing so, the following thesis is validated: Religious education is by no means identical to values education. But it can make a critical and productive contribution to the current discourse on values precisely because of its specificity regarding the idea of God and its integrative, politically dimensioned concept of education. This concept of education is self-reflexive, since it includes consideration of the unreflective assumptions of the EVS and its context.
Values: A Contested Concept. Problem Outline and Interdisciplinary Approaches
Authors: Polak Regina 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe concept of values builds the ‘umbrella’ of this interdisciplinary volume. But what ‘are’ values? Our volume documents, that values are a contested concept. In this chapter, I want to discuss the polysemic and ambiguous meanings and functions of this term and identify its strengths and weaknesses for public and political discourse. In this way, a more qualified and differentiated reference to values shall be promoted, particularly in the debates about European values. The discussion of values will be achieved using three approaches. First, the concept of values used in the European Values Study (EVS) will be presented. As the EVS does not claim a clear definition of values, a thematic problem outline will, second, reflect the questions, problems, and difficulties occurring in an unreflected usage of this contested term, with a special focus on the relationship between values and religion. Third, an overview of diverse academic definitions and theories of values demonstrates that there is no unique and conclusive definition of this concept. However, this article aims at providing arguments for why exactly the polysemy and ambiguity of the concept of values can be perceived as a strength, if we are aware of the problems and relate them to the results of values research. Thus, we purposely abstain from a final definition of values and hope to inspire further qualified interdisciplinary research, which is a desideratum that has become visible in our project.
Non-singular pre-big bang scenarios from all-order α′ corrections
Authors: Gasperini M. , Veneziano G. 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
We reformulate in Hamiltonian language the recent proposal by Hohm and Zwiebach of an action yielding the most general O(d, d)-symmetric string cosmology equations, at tree-level in the string-loop expansion, but to all orders in the α′ expansion. This allows us to give a simple characterization of a large class of non-singular, non-perturbative, pre-big bang scenarios smoothly interpolating between a low-energy initial accelerated (string frame) expansion and a phase of final (string and Einstein frame) decelerated expansion. Interestingly, these solutions must necessarily include, just around the bounce, a very short phase of (string-frame) contraction.
Weakening of Compressive Strength of Granite by Piezoelectric Actuation of Quartz Using High-Frequency and High-Voltage Alternating Current: A 3D Numerical Study
Authors: Saksala Timo , Rubio Ruiz Rafael Arturo , Kane Pascal-Alexandre , Hokka Mikko 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPiezoelectric excitation of quartz mineral phase in granite using high-frequency and high-voltage alternating current (HF-HV-AC) is a potential new weakening pretreatment in comminution of rock. The present study addresses this topic numerically by quantifying the weakening effect on the compressive strength of granite. For this end, a numerical method based on a damage-viscoplasticity model for granite failure under piezoelectric actuation is developed. The rock material is modelled as heterogeneous and isotropic. However, the piezoelectric properties of quartz are anisotropic. The governing global piezoelectro-mechanical problem is solved in a staggered manner explicitly in time. Numerical simulations predict that the weakening effect on compressive strength of granite is 10% with the excitation frequency and voltage of 274.4 kHz and 150 kV of the pretreatment. As the weakening effect takes place at a natural frequency of the numerical rock sample, the quartz content has only a slight effect on the frequency at which maximum weakening occurs. Moreover, the weakening effect depends strongly on the orientation of the quartz crystals. In a more practical application of simulating low-rate compression of a sphere-shaped rock sample, a weakening effect of 8% after the HF-HV-AC pretreatment was predicted.
Influence of structural defects on charge density waves in 1T-TaS2
Authors: Lutsyk Iaroslav , Szalowski Karoli , Krukowski Pawel , Dabrowski Pawel , Rogala Maciej , Kozlowski Witold , Le Ster Maxime , Piskorski Michal , Kowalczyk Dorota A. , Rys Wojciech , Dunal Rafal , Nadolska Aleksandra , Toczek Klaudia , Przybysz Przemyslaw , Lacinska Ewa , Binder Johannes , Wysmolek Andrzej , Olszowska Natalia , Kolodziej Jacek J. , Gmitra Martin , Hattori Takuma , Kuwahara Yuji , Bian Guang , Chiang Tai-Chang , Kowalczyk Pawel J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe influence of intrinsic defects of 1T-TaS2 on charge density waves (CDWs) is studied using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy (STM, STS), angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES), and density functional theory (DFT). We identify several types of structural defects and find that most have a local character limited to a single CDW site, with a single exception which effectively behaves as a dopant, leading to band-bending and affecting multiple neighboring sites. While only one type of defect can be observed by STM topographic imaging, all defects are easily resolved in STS mapping. Our results indicate modulation of the Mott band gap commensurate with the CDW and breaking of the three-fold symmetry of electronic states. DFT calculations (with included Coulomb interactions) are used to investigate the electronic structure, focusing on both sulfur vacancy and oxygen-sulfur substitution. The sulfur vacancy system, characterized with a metallic behavior, is identified as the origin of one of the experimentally observed defects. Additionally, the effect of oxidation of 1T-TaS2 depends on the substitution site, leading to the heterogeneity of electronic properties.
The Physical-Emotional Distinction in Tort
Authors: Petrov Philip 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSeveral legal scholars have recently argued that U.S. tort law’s physical-emotional distinction commits tort to the objectionable position of mind-body dualism, but they have not considered the distinction’s role as an aid to judicial cognition and decision-making. Drawing primarily on the law of negligent infliction of emotional distress, this essay argues that tort’s physical-emotional distinction is not a relic of mind-body dualism but a heuristic that judges have used to structure and simplify the difficult but unavoidable task of drawing lines between legally cognizable and non-cognizable harm. The analysis has at least three normative implications: (1) users of tort’s physical-emotional distinction should clarify that they neither endorse dualism nor depreciate emotional harm; (2) because judicial expertise may not extend to the task of drawing lines between legally cognizable and non-cognizable harm, judicial performance in this area may be more adequate than critics suggest; and (3) although it may not be possible to determine the optimal way of drawing lines between legally cognizable and non-cognizable emotional harm, moral-philosophical tools such as Rawlsian and Scanlonian contractualism may be able to identify partial or pro tanto considerations for choosing among different ways of doing so.
‘In a Witches’ World’: Hegel and the Symbolic Grotesque
Authors: de Almeida Rodrigues Beatriz 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In his Lectures on Fine Art (1835), Hegel emphasizes the grotesque character of Indian art. Grotesqueness results, in his view, from a contradiction between meaning and shape due to the incongruous combination of spiritual and material elements. Since Hegel's history of art is teeming with examples of inadequacy between meaning and shape, this paper aims to distinguish the grotesque from other types of artistic dissonance and to problematize Hegel's ascriptions of grotesqueness to ancient Indian art. In the first part of the paper, I characterize the grotesque by the unnatural distortion of natural shapes with the purpose of achieving a direct sensuous manifestation of an indeterminate and impersonal divinity, Brahman. Such an attempt is, in Hegel's view, self-contradictory and self-defeating, leading to an exaggeration of the conflict between nature and spirit instead of the intended reconciliation between the two parts. In the second part of the paper, I compare Hegel's account of Indian art to the ‘monstrous myths’ of early modern Europe. Unlike his predecessors, Hegel legitimizes the grotesque representations of Hindu gods as endowed with profound meaning and the result of a universal human need, yet he describes them as ultimately irrational and repulsive based on a prejudiced view of the Indian people(s). In this sense, Hegel's assessment of Indian art functions as a reflection of modern European culture, its fascination and horror in the face of what Enlightenment could not entirely purge, rather than as a truthful and objective account of Indian art and culture. By questioning Hegel's characterization of Hindu iconography and mythology, this paper contributes to underexplored areas of Hegelian aesthetics, namely Hegel's account of symbolic art, especially Indian art, as well as his views on negative aesthetic experiences and values.
Characteristics and outcomes of Clostridioides difficile infection after a change in the diagnostic testing algorithm
Authors: Crone Andrew S. , Wright Lorinda M. , Cheknis Adam , Johnson Stuart , Pacheco Susan M. , Skinner Andrew M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackground:Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing for the detection of C. difficile is a highly sensitive test. Some clinical laboratories have included a 2-step testing algorithm utilizing PCR plus toxin enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) to increase specificity.Objective:To determine the risk factors and outcomes of C. difficile PCR-positive/toxin-positive encounters compared to PCR-positive/toxin-negative encounters.Design:Retrospective study.Setting:A Veterans’ Affairs hospital.Methods:A retrospective case–control study of patient encounters with a positive C. difficile test by PCR and either a toxin EIA–positive assay (ie, cases) or toxin EIA–negative assay (ie, controls). Clinically relevant exposures and risk factors were determined to assess CDI recurrence at 30 days. Available encounter stool specimens were cultured for C. difficile and were subjected to restriction endonuclease analysis (REA) strain typing.Results:Among 130 C. difficile PCR-positive patient encounters, 80 (61.5%) were toxin EIA negative and 50 (38.5%) were toxin EIA positive. Encounters that were toxin positive were more frequently treated (96.0%) compared to toxin-negative encounters (71.3%; P < .01). A multivariable logistic regression model revealed that toxin-negative encounters were less likely to suffer a recurrent CDI episode within 30 days (odds ratio [OR], 0.20, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.05–0.83). Additionally, a higher C. difficile PCR cycle threshold predicted a lower risk of CDI recurrence at 30 days. (OR, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.68–0.98). During the study period, the REA group Y strain accounted for most toxin-negative encounters (32.5%; P = .05), whereas REA group BI strain accounted for most toxin-positive encounters (24.3%; P = .02).Conclusions:A testing strategy of PCR plus toxin EIA helped predict recurrent CDI.