bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Arginine‐stimulated copeptin in children and adolescents
Authors: Binder Gerhard , Weber Karin , Peter Andreas , Schweizer Roland 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveCopeptin is secreted in isomolar amounts along with arginine vasopressin peptide (AVP) from the neurohypophysis. Its stability makes it a perfect candidate for the endocrine approach in the diagnosis of AVP deficiency (AVPD; cranial diabetes insipidus; CDI). However, pediatric reference values are lacking.Design and PatientsThis is a monocentric retrospective analysis of donated residual serum samples from 72 children and adolescents who underwent arginine or growth hormone‐releasing hormone‐arginine stimulation to test GH secretory capacity from 2018 to 2022.MeasurementsCopeptin was measured in baseline, 30‐, and 60‐min samples by BRAHMS Copeptin proAVP Kryptor immunofluorescence assay.ResultsOf the 72 patients, 4 suffered from complete AVPD (CDI). The baseline level of copeptin in the 68 non‐AVPD (non‐CDI) patients was highly variable (range: 1.3–44.4 pmol/L). The increase after arginine was moderate (30 min range: 1.6–40.4 pmol/L). The median baseline and peak copeptin levels were 5.6 and 8.0 pmol/L, respectively. The 2.5th percentile of the baseline and peak values of copeptin were 2.1 and 3.3 pmol/L, respectively. The increase and peak value of copeptin were inversely related to age (R = −.405; p = .011, and R = −.335; p = .0072, respectively) but not to gender, body mass index (standard deviation score) or GH secretion. In the four patients with AVPD (CDI), baseline or stimulated copeptin was below the 2.5th percentile of non‐AVPD (non‐CDI) patients.ConclusionsStimulated copeptin is a promising parameter for the differential diagnosis of polyuria‐polydipsia syndrome. However, the low copeptin increase after arginine and the high limit of quantification of the assay are problematic for use in paediatrics.
PDViz: A Visual Analytics Approach for State Policy Data
Authors: Han Dongyun , Nayeem Abdullah‐Al‐Raihan , Windett Jason , Cho Isaac 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSub‐national governments across the United States implement a variety of policies to address large societal problems and needs. Many policies are picked up or adopted in other states. This process is called policy diffusion and allows researchers to analyse and compare the social, political, and contextual characteristics that lead to adopting certain policies, as well as the efficacy of these policies once adopted. In this paper, we introduce PDViz, a visual analytics approach that allows social scientists to dynamically analyse the policy diffusion history and underlying patterns. It is designed for analysing and answering a list of research questions and tasks posed by social scientists in prior work. To evaluate our system, we present two usage scenarios and conduct interviews with domain experts in political science. The interviews highlight that PDViz provides the result of policy diffusion patterns that align with their domain knowledge as well as the potential to be a learning tool for students to understand the concept of policy diffusion.
Prognostic prediction of lung adenocarcinoma by integrative analysis of RHOH expression and methylation
Authors: Kuang Muyu , Zhou Zhenhua , Lu Zhongyuan , Shen Weina , Ge Haiyan , Tao Xiaoting , Zhao Yue , Zhuge Lingdun , Sun Yihua , Ji Dongmei , Zhang Huibiao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and objectiveThe development of epigenetics holds great promise for diagnosis and treatment of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). The purpose of this work was to analyze the correlation between Ras Homolog Gene Family Member H (RHOH) expression and methylation in patients with LUAD and its association with survival.MethodsData related to gene expression, DNA methylation, and clinical features of LUAD from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were analyzed. A total of 50 patients were included in verification group. The methylation level of RHOH in verification group was detected by bisulfite amplicon sequencing.ResultsThe RHOH methylation level in TCGA cohort was significantly and negatively correlated with its expression level (Cor = −0.5, p = 2.687e−33). Patients with hypermethylation and low expression of RHOH had significantly worse prognosis than patients with hypomethylation and low expression of RHOH (TCGA: p = 0.004; validation cohort: p = 0.006, HR: 4.740, 95% CI: 1.567–14.340).ConclusionOur research revealed that RHOH may prove to be a new potential prognostic predictor for LUAD patients.
Perinatal inflammation exposure and developmental outcomes 7 years after neonatal arterial ischaemic stroke
Authors: Giraud Antoine , Dinomais Mickaël , Garel Pauline , Chevin Mathilde , Thébault Guillaume , Renaud Cyrille , Presles Émilie , Raia‐Barjat Tiphaine , Sébire Guillaume , Chabrier Stéphane 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimTo test the association between perinatal inflammation exposure and Full‐Scale IQ (FSIQ) score 7 years after neonatal arterial ischaemic stroke (NAIS).MethodWe conducted a cross‐sectional ancillary study nested in a multicentric longitudinal French cohort of infants born at term with NAIS between November 2003 and October 2006. Seventy‐three children were included (45 males, 28 females). The a priori defined primary outcome measure was the FSIQ score assessed with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fourth Edition at 7 years of age.ResultsSeventeen (23%) of the included children were exposed to perinatal inflammation. Exposure to perinatal inflammation was independently associated with an increase of FSIQ score (coefficient 13.4, 95% confidence interval 1.3–25.4; p = 0.03). Children exposed to perinatal inflammation had a higher median cerebral volume, a lower median lesion volume, and less extensive lesion distributions compared to non‐exposed children.InterpretationWe propose the existence of two NAIS categories: arteritis‐associated NAIS in children exposed to perinatal inflammation and embolism‐associated NAIS in children non‐exposed to perinatal inflammation. Identifying these two NAIS categories would open the possibility for specific curative strategies: anti‐inflammatory strategy in arteritis‐associated NAIS and recanalization strategy in embolism‐associated NAIS.
Is soil an organic carbon sink or source upon erosion, transport and deposition?
Authors: Liu Lin , Zhang Qinghui , Liu Qianjin , Li Zijun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSoil may be a carbon source or sink under the effect of sediment and soil organic carbon (SOC) erosion, transport and deposition. Partial SOC processes to determine whether soil subjected to water erosion is a carbon sink or source have not been clarified but are essential for increasing and predicting SOC storage. In this review, the associations between SOC mineralization, stability and stock at erosion sites, in transported sediments and at deposition sites are clarified. An overview is given for possible determination standards that define soil carbon sinks and sources. Methods for enhancing SOC sequestration and suggestions for improving SOC prediction are also presented. Particle transport is an important intermediate process that determines the material base for SOC stability and sequestration in each erosion and deposition element. When subject to water erosion, a high probability of SOC physical stabilization and a thick soil layer are essential for soil to function as a SOC sink. Sediment transport weakens SOC physical protection in eroded areas but can promote aggregation factors at deposition sites in some cases while increasing the depth of SOC in the soil. In this circumstance, a good soil environment for plant growth facilitates the occurrence of carbon sinks. A concept for critical erosion intensity is proposed to understand SOC sink determination; the concept is presented as the volume of soil erosion per square kilometre (m3 km−2) for which the maximum reduction in vegetation cover or plant biomass still permits plants to provide enough organic matter to compensate for erosion‐induced SOC loss. If erosion intensity is higher than critical erosion intensity at the erosion site, soil degradation is obvious, and soil is presented as an OC source, and vice versa. Finally, the SOC burial method for increasing the soil carbon storage amounts in regions with thick soil layers is presented to explore the SOC sequestration potential in deep soil. The factors considered for SOC prediction should vary with research scale. We hope our review will have direct implications for the modelling of SOC dynamics under water erosion on both slopes and at large scales.HighlightsChanges in soil texture and soil thickness greatly affect the amount of SOC storage at erosion and deposition sites.Selective transport of soil materials or chemical elements promotes soil aggregation.Possible standards that define soil carbon sinks and sources and suggestions for improving SOC prediction are presented.SOC burial may be a good method for increasing C storage amounts in regions with thick layers of fine soil.
A unified hypothesis ofSUDEP: Seizure‐induced respiratory depression induced by adenosine may lead toSUDEPbut can be prevented by autoresuscitation and other restorative respiratory response mechanisms mediated by the action of serotonin on the periaqueductal gray
Authors: Faingold Carl L. , Feng Hua‐Jun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a major cause of death in people with epilepsy (PWE). Postictal apnea leading to cardiac arrest is the most common sequence of terminal events in witnessed cases of SUDEP, and postconvulsive central apnea has been proposed as a potential biomarker of SUDEP susceptibility. Research in SUDEP animal models has led to the serotonin and adenosine hypotheses of SUDEP. These neurotransmitters influence respiration, seizures, and lethality in animal models of SUDEP, and are implicated in human SUDEP cases. Adenosine released during seizures is proposed to be an important seizure termination mechanism. However, adenosine also depresses respiration, and this effect is mediated, in part, by inhibition of neuronal activity in subcortical structures that modulate respiration, including the periaqueductal gray (PAG). Drugs that enhance the action of adenosine increase postictal death in SUDEP models. Serotonin is also released during seizures, but enhances respiration in response to an elevated carbon dioxide level, which often occurs postictally. This effect of serotonin can potentially compensate, in part, for the adenosine‐mediated respiratory depression, acting to facilitate autoresuscitation and other restorative respiratory response mechanisms. A number of drugs that enhance the action of serotonin prevent postictal death in several SUDEP models and reduce postictal respiratory depression in PWE. This effect of serotonergic drugs may be mediated, in part, by actions on brainstem sites that modulate respiration, including the PAG. Enhanced activity in the PAG increases respiration in response to hypoxia and other exigent conditions and can be activated by electrical stimulation. Thus, we propose the unifying hypothesis that seizure‐induced adenosine release leads to respiratory depression. This can be reversed by serotonergic action on autoresuscitation and other restorative respiratory responses acting, in part, via the PAG. Therefore, we hypothesize that serotonergic or direct activation of this brainstem site may be a useful approach for SUDEP prevention.
Climate‐based identification of suitable cropping areas for giant reed and reed canary grass on marginal land in Central and Southern Europe under climate change
Authors: Ferdini Sofia , von Cossel Moritz , Wulfmeyer Volker , Warrach‐Sagi Kirsten 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGiant reed (GR) and reed canary grass (RCG) have emerged as promising perennial industrial crops for providing sustainable bioenergy from marginal land. However, there is great uncertainty among farmers and researchers about where these crops can be grown in the future due to climate change, which complicates a timely transition to a bioeconomy. Therefore, this study quantifies marginal land and suitable cropping areas for GR and RCG in Europe, as well as their overlap. To derive these areas, the present (1991–2020) and future (2071–2100, RCP8.5) growing degree days, growing season length, annual precipitation, and aridity index were analyzed using the E‐OBS observational dataset and EURO‐CORDEX regional climate simulations. The study concludes that while marginal land will decrease by ~18%, GR and RCG will profit from the changing European climate, increasing by ~24% and ~13%, respectively. Looking at regions of overlap between marginal land and the selected crops, a decrease of ~87% and an increase of ~462% is projected for RCG and GR, respectively. This is due to marginal land shifting southward, benefitting the warm‐season grass GR, while RCG prefers cooler climates.
Co‐creating system‐wide improvement for people with traumatic brain injury across one integrated care system in the United Kingdom to initiate a transformation journey through co‐production
Authors: Manley Kim , Saunders Karen , Wilkinson David , Faruqui Rafey , Sakel Mohamed 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveThere is a need for better integration of services across communities and sectors for people living with traumatic brain injury (TBI) to meet their complex needs. Building on insights gained from earlier pilot work, here we report the outcomes of a participatory workshop that sought to better understand the challenges, barriers and opportunities that currently exist within the care pathway for survivors of TBI.MethodsA diverse range of stakeholders from the acute and rehabilitation care pathway and the health and social care system were invited to participate in a 3‐h workshop. The participants worked in four mixed subgroups using practice development methodology, which promotes person‐centred, inclusive and participatory action.ResultsThematic analysis identified shared purposes and values that were used to produce a detailed implementation and impact framework for application at both the level of the care interface and the overarching integrated care system. A variety of enablers were identified that related to collective values and behaviours, case management, team leadership and integrated team working, workforce capability, evidence‐based practice and resourcing. The clinical, economic, cultural and social outcomes associated with these enablers were also identified, and included patient safety, independence and well‐being, reduced waiting times, re‐admission rates, staff retention and professional development.ConclusionThe co‐produced recommendations made within the implementation and impact framework described here provide a means by which the culture and delivery of health and social care services can be better tailored to meet the needs of people living with TBI. We believe that the recommendations will help shape the formation of new services as well as the development of existing ones.Patient or Public ContributionPatient and public involvement have been established over a 10‐year history of relationship building through a joint forum and events involving three charities representing people with TBI, carers, family members, clinicians, service users, researchers and commissioners, culminating in a politically supported event that identified concerns about the needs of people following TBI. These relationships formed the foundation for the interactive workshop, the focus of this publication.
TRADING AMBIGUITY: A TALE OF TWO HETEROGENEITIES
Authors: Mukerji Sujoy , Ozsoylev Han N. , Tallon Jean‐Marc 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe consider markets with heterogeneously ambiguous assets and heterogeneously ambiguity‐averse investors whose preferences are a parsimonious extension of the mean–variance framework. We study portfolio choice and trade upon arrival of public information, and show systematic departures from the predictions of standard theory, that occur in the direction of empirical regularities. In particular, our theory speaks to several phenomena in a unified fashion: the asset allocation puzzle, the observation that earnings announcements are followed by significant trading volume with small price change, and that increases in uncertainty are positively associated with increased trading activity and portfolio rebalancing toward safer assets.
Social media influencers and consumer engagement: A review and future research agenda
Authors: Pradhan Bandinee , Kishore Kaushal , Gokhale Nilesh 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe rise of social media influencers (SMIs) in the recent decade garnered wide interest from academicians and marketers. Academicians try to understand the effect of influencers on consumer behaviour, while marketers use influencers as part of their strategy to achieve marketing objectives. Although, plenty of practical and conceptual research is available in this area, literature reviews in the domain of SMIs and consumer engagement are scarce as it is still developing, and most of the studies have focused on these two concepts separately. In this study, the authors attempted to combine and understand how social media influencers affect consumers engagement. This systematic review of the literature offers a comprehensive view of previous research on social media influencers and consumer engagement. The study reviewed articles published in the Australian Business Deans Council (ABDC), Scopus, and Web of Science indexed journals till 5 June 2021. To understand consumers' engagement with SMIs, authors identified and theorized the antecedents, decision and outcome of such engagement. It also discusses the influencer‐follower parasocial relationship on different social media platforms. The study proposes an integrated conceptual framework that can be further used to test and validate the impact of social media influencer's marketing efforts on consumer engagement. This framework also may serve as a foundation for marketers to develop effective influencer strategies for brand promotions. The review concludes the discussion by highlighting theories, methodology, and context of studies conducted by past researchers.
How tablets/applications enhance social connections and social support in people with dementia: A qualitative systematic review
Authors: Zhu Xiangning , He Meng , Dong Yueyang , Zhang Shuang , Fang Shuyan , Wang Wenxia , Zhang Mengting , Sun Jiao 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe 2020 Lancet issue identified social isolation as one of 12 modifiable risk factors for dementia and revealed that enhanced social connections and social support can effectively reduce the incidence of social isolation. During the COVID‐19 pandemic, technology attracted an increasing amount of attention, and it is necessary to synthesize ideas from existing evidence. First, we explored how people with dementia experienced changes in social connection and social support due to tablet/app use. Second, we explored the attitudes of people with dementia towards tablets and mobile applications. Third, we explored the feasibility of using tablets and mobile applications to enhance social connection and social support among people with dementia. We systematically searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, CINAHL, CNKI, WanFang, and VIP databases. Two reviewers independently screened the titles and abstracts of studies, extracted the data and performed critical appraisals of each included study. The data synthesis was conducted using thematic analysis. A total of nine studies were included. Eight studies used mobile applications via tablets, and one study collected textual data from Twitter for analysis. Four themes were synthesized: (1) change from the perspective of caregivers; (2) growth of nonsingle aspects; (3) emotional feeling of belonging; and (4) feasibility of using digital technology. Tablet‐ and mobile application‐based interventions can enhance both online and offline social connections and provide multiple types of social support among people with dementia. People with dementia have positive attitudes towards tablets and mobile applications. Overall, it is feasible for people with dementia to use technology.
Temperature‐stable Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3‐based ceramics with favorable low‐temperature dielectric and energy storage property
Authors: Su Yingchun , Zhou Xuefan , Xue Guoliang , Luo Hang , Zhang Dou 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn this work, (1 − x)(0.94Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3–0.06BaTiO3)–xKTaO3 (x = 0–0.30) ceramics are developed for dielectric capacitor applications. The introduction of KTaO3 from x = 0 to 0.30 increases the tolerance factor t from 0.984 to 1.005 and causes the decrease of ferroelectric rhombohedral phase in the ceramics. Besides, a gradual structural change toward a higher symmetry can be detected, accompanied by the obvious domain refinement. In the aspect of electrical property, the strengthened dielectric relaxation leads to the greatly enhanced thermal stability of dielectric response. The decline in Ts from 98 to −96°C causes a significant widening of the low‐temperature region with temperature‐stable dielectric constant εr and low dielectric loss tan δ. The x = 0.30 ceramic shows a high εr (25°C) of 1094 with the temperature coefficient of capacitance ≤±15% over −70 to 200°C, which exceeds the X9R standard. Meanwhile, tan δ is less than 0.02 in a wide temperature range of −35 to 300°C. In addition, the ultrafine grain size of 290 nm, large bandgap of 3.22 eV, and high resistance of the x = 0.30 ceramic contribute to its electrical breakdown strength. A linear‐like P–E loop with the large discharged energy density WD ∼ 3.50 J/cm3 and high energy efficiency η ∼ 90.1% is obtained under 28 kV/mm at room temperature. The thermal stability of the energy storage performance is also satisfactory with the variation of WD less than 15% over −40 to 200°C, and the η is higher than 85%.
Fearing the Trojan horse: Motives attributed to the outgroup and rejection of outgroup help
Authors: Zagefka Hanna , dela Paz Erwine , Macapagal Ma. Elizabeth J. , Ghazal Saima , Bilgen Emine , Cheso Diana 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDecisions to give and receive help are often influenced by group memberships, social identities, and intergroup relations. Two studies were conducted to test how perceived political relations between countries are related to willingness to accept offers of intergroup help. Respondents in two low‐income countries, the Philippines (N = 289) and Pakistan (N = 275), indicated their willingness to accept (or not) Covid‐19 vaccine donations from two higher‐status countries (China and the United States) during the Covid pandemic. Results showed that the perceived motivation of the outgroup nation for providing help was associated with rejection or acceptance of help, mediated by emotional reactions to the help. A perception that outgroup nations donate vaccines to demonstrate and assert their superiority and power, that they donate vaccines to keep the outgroup dependent on the ingroup, and a perception that they donate vaccines out of self‐interest, were all associated with rejection of vaccine donations. A perception that donations by the outgroup are motivated by genuine concern for the ingroup was associated with acceptance of help. Findings confirm that political intergroup relations are related to attitudes about whether the ingroup nation should accept intergroup help or not. Theoretical and applied implications are discussed.