bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Excited doubly heavy baryons production via Higgs decays
Authors: Ma Hong-Hao , Niu Juan-Juan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThrough the interaction of Higgs with heavy quarks in standard model, we have systematically studied and predicted the production of excited doubly heavy baryons based on non-relativistic QCD theory. The decay widths, differential distributions, and major theoretical uncertainties of the excited doubly heavy baryons via the process $$H \rightarrow \langle QQ'\rangle [n] \rightarrow \Xi _{QQ'}+ \bar{Q'} + \bar{Q}$$

H
→

⟨
Q

Q
′

⟩

[
n
]

→

Ξ

Q

Q
′

+

Q
′

¯

+

Q

¯

are discussed in detail. The spin and color quantum number of the intermediate P-wave diquark state $$\langle QQ'\rangle [n]$$

⟨
Q

Q
′

⟩

[
n
]

can be $$\langle cc\rangle [^{1}P_{1}]_{\varvec{\bar{3}}}$$

⟨
c
c
⟩

[
1

P
1

]

3

¯

, $$\langle cc\rangle [^{3}P_{J}]_{\varvec{6}}$$

⟨
c
c
⟩

[
3

P
J

]

6

, $$\langle bc\rangle [^{1}P_{1}]_{\varvec{\bar{3}}/ \textbf{6}}$$

⟨
b
c
⟩

[
1

P
1

]

3

¯

/
6

, $$\langle bc\rangle [^{3}P_{J}]_{\varvec{\bar{3}}/ \textbf{6}}$$

⟨
b
c
⟩

[
3

P
J

]

3

¯

/
6

, $$\langle bb \rangle [^{1}P_{1}]_{\varvec{\bar{3}}}$$

⟨
b
b
⟩

[
1

P
1

]

3

¯

and $$\langle bb\rangle [^{3}P_{J}]_{\textbf{6}}$$

⟨
b
b
⟩

[
3

P
J

]

6

, with $$J=0, 1, 2$$

J
=
0
,
1
,
2

. The contributions from all summed P-wave states can be about $$3.05\%$$

3.05
%

, $$3.23\%$$

3.23
%

and $$2.19\%$$

2.19
%

of the S-wave states for the production of $$\Xi _{cc}$$

Ξ

cc

, $$\Xi _{bc}$$

Ξ

bc

and $$\Xi _{bb}$$

Ξ

bb

, accordingly. Therefore, there will be about 0.41$$\times 10^4$$

×

10
4

events of $$\Xi _{cc}$$

Ξ

cc

, 6.35$$\times 10^4$$

×

10
4

events of $$\Xi _{bc}$$

Ξ

bc

and 0.28$$\times 10^4$$

×

10
4

events of $$\Xi _{bb}$$

Ξ

bb

produced per year at the HL-LHC, and a smaller number of events would be produced at the CEPC or ILC but with a cleaner background to be measured by the experiments.
Exercise Volume Versus Intensity and the Progression of Coronary Atherosclerosis in Middle-Aged and Older Athletes: Findings From the MARC-2 Study
Authors: Aengevaeren Vincent L. , Mosterd Arend , Bakker Esmée A. , Braber Thijs L. , Nathoe Hendrik M. , Sharma Sanjay , Thompson Paul D. , Velthuis Birgitta K. , Eijsvogels Thijs M.H. 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Physical activity and exercise training are associated with a lower risk for coronary events. However, cross-sectional studies in middle-aged and older male athletes revealed increased coronary artery calcification (CAC) and atherosclerotic plaques, which were related to the amount and intensity of lifelong exercise. We examined the longitudinal relationship between exercise training characteristics and coronary atherosclerosis.

Methods:
Middle-aged and older men from the MARC-1 (Measuring Athlete’s Risk of Cardiovascular Events 1) study were invited for follow-up in MARC-2 (Measuring Athlete’s Risk of Cardiovascular Events 2) study. The prevalence and severity of CAC and plaques were determined by coronary computed tomography angiography. The volume (metabolic equivalent of task [MET] hours/week) and intensity (moderate [3 to 6 MET hours/week]; vigorous [6 to 9 MET hours/week]; and very vigorous [≥9 MET hours/week]) of exercise training were quantified during follow-up. Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the association between exercise volume/intensity and markers of coronary atherosclerosis.

Results:

We included 289 (age, 54 [50 to 60] years [median (Q1 to Q3)]) of the original 318 MARC-1 participants with a follow-up of 6.3±0.5 years (mean±SD). Participants exercised for 41 (25 to 57) MET hours/week during follow-up, of which 0% (0 to 19%) was at moderate intensity, 44% (0 to 84%) was at vigorous intensity, and 34% (0 to 80%) was at very vigorous intensity. Prevalence of CAC and the median CAC score increased from 52% to 71% and 1 (0 to 32) to 31 (0 to 132), respectively. Exercise volume during follow-up was not associated with changes in CAC or plaque. Vigorous intensity exercise (per 10% increase) was associated with a lesser increase in CAC score (β, −0.05 [−0.09 to −0.01];
P
=0.02), whereas very vigorous intensity exercise was associated with a greater increase in CAC score (β, 0.05 [0.01 to 0.09] per 10%;
P
=0.01). Very vigorous exercise was also associated with increased odds of dichotomized plaque progression (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.09 [1.01 to 1.18] per 10%; aOR, 2.04 [0.93 to 4.15] for highest versus lowest very vigorous intensity tertiles, respectively), and specifically with increased calcified plaques (aOR, 1.07 [1.00 to 1.15] per 10%; aOR, 2.09 [1.09 to 4.00] for highest versus lowest tertile, respectively).

Conclusions:
Exercise intensity but not volume was associated with progression of coronary atherosclerosis during 6-year follow-up. It is intriguing that very vigorous intensity exercise was associated with greater CAC and calcified plaque progression, whereas vigorous intensity exercise was associated with less CAC progression.
Indicators of research circulation: Localization and internationalization under scrutiny—The Cuyo Manual and its exploratory case study in Argentina
Authors: Algañaraz Víctor , Prado Flavia , Rossomando M. Pía 
Published: January 2023

AbstractGiven the limitations of traditional scientometric indicators to recognize the diversity of circulating knowledge in different languages, formats and regions, the Research Center on the Circulation of Knowledge (CECIC-Argentina) has developed a set of research circulation analytical indicators, nucleated in the “Cuyo Manual.” This article presents the results of the first exploratory case study carried out, that of the Universidad Nacional de San Martín (UNSAM), showing how the institution and its researchers internationalize, regionalize or territorialize their scientific productions. In addition to the articles published in internationally oriented journals, under what other formats and in which directions does research production circulate? What are the capacities installed and actions deployed by the university in terms of research circulation? These and other questions are addressed in this paper, in order to show the diversity and multiscalarity of the scientific knowledge produced, which crosses not only international and national spaces but also the closest areas of influence to the institution itself.
Tool use by Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees for driver ant predation in Kom-Wum Forest Reserve, North-West Region Cameroon
Authors: Fotang Chefor , Dutton Paul , Bröring Udo , Roos Christian , Willie Jacob , Angwafo Tsi Evaristus , Chuo Mvo Denis , Kamgang Serge Alexis , Enoguanbhor Evidence Chinedu , Schierack Peter , Birkhofer Klaus 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Chimpanzees feed on driver ants (Dorylus sp.) using different tools and predation techniques that vary among populations and can be affected by availability of ant species as well as ecological and social-learning factors. At the Kom-Wum Forest Reserve (KWFR) in Cameroon, we investigated tool use behavior in Nigerian-Cameroon chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ellioti), examining the characteristics of tools used in driver ant predation, looking for possible seasonal patterns and comparing our results to those from other study sites. We recovered 83 tools along line transects and recces (reconnaissance) during two seasons. We found that chimpanzees used tools with blunting and dirty ends (possible digging and probing tools) and tools without (dipping tools), in driver ant predation. Tools with dirty ends tended to be thicker (N = 52), and thinner tools were less likely to have dirt (N = 31). Tools recovered in the wet season (N = 62), were significantly shorter and thicker than those recovered in the dry season (N = 21). Furthermore, driver ant tools recovered at KWFR are on average the longest yet recorded insect dipping tools for chimpanzees comparable to those used in North Uele. We found no evidence of nut-cracking, tool use for honey bee nor termite consumption and did not observe the potential prey remains in chimpanzee faeces despite their presence in the reserve. Our results suggest that seasonality significantly contributes to a divergence in the form of tools selected for driver ant predation.
Comparing Subjective Similarity of Automated Driving Styles to Objective Distance-Based Similarity
Authors: Kamaraj Amudha V. , Lee Joonbum , Domeyer Joshua E. , Liu Shu-Yuan , Lee John D. 
Published: January 2023

Objective This study explores subjective and objective driving style similarity to identify how similarity can be used to develop driver-compatible vehicle automation. Background Similarity in the ways that interaction partners perform tasks can be measured subjectively, through questionnaires, or objectively by characterizing each agent’s actions. Although subjective measures have advantages in prediction, objective measures are more useful when operationalizing interventions based on these measures. Showing how objective and subjective similarity are related is therefore prudent for aligning future machine performance with human preferences. Methods A driving simulator study was conducted with stop-and-go scenarios. Participants experienced conservative, moderate, and aggressive automated driving styles and rated the similarity between their own driving style and that of the automation. Objective similarity between the manual and automated driving speed profiles was calculated using three distance measures: dynamic time warping, Euclidean distance, and time alignment measure. Linear mixed effects models were used to examine how different components of the stopping profile and the three objective similarity measures predicted subjective similarity. Results Objective similarity using Euclidean distance best predicted subjective similarity. However, this was only observed for participants’ approach to the intersection and not their departure. Conclusion Developing driving styles that drivers perceive to be similar to their own is an important step toward driver-compatible automation. In determining what constitutes similarity, it is important to (a) use measures that reflect the driver’s perception of similarity, and (b) understand what elements of the driving style govern subjective similarity.
Development and Validation of the Multidimensional Psychosocial Risk Screen (MPRS): An Approach towards Primary Prevention
Authors: Bhardwaj Tanuja , Viju P.D.  
Published: January 2023

Background: The prevalence of mental health problems in adolescents has been identified as a global concern. Early screening and identification can offer benefits in terms of primary prevention and reduced healthcare costs. This study aimed to develop a tool to assess the risk of developing mental health problems in adolescents. Methods: The study followed an exploratory sequential design and was divided into five phases. The Multidimensional Psychosocial Risk Screen (MPRS) is a newly developed self-report measure. The various steps in its development and validation have been elaborated. The MPRS was evaluated with a sample of 934 adolescents aged 12-18, spread across the 8th-12th grade. Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a robust factor structure. The extracted five factors were named as Parent–Child Relationship (PCR), Self-Concept (SC), Teacher–Student Dynamics (TSD), Social Media Use (SMU), and Peer Interaction (PI). The reliability of the subscales ranged from 0.60 to 0.80. The overall reliability of the scale was good (a = 0.87). Convergent validity of the scale was established using standard measures of risk factors and emotional and behavioural problems. Conclusions: The MPRS can be considered an effective tool with an adequate factor structure and good psychometric properties. It can be beneficial in the early detection of vulnerabilities to mental health problems in adolescents and, therefore, seen as a key element in primary prevention and fostering individualized interventions.
Challenges developing an electronic patient-reported outcome measurement for palliative home care: A qualitative interview and focus group study
Authors: Burner-Fritsch Isabel , Bolzani Anna , Hriskova Katerina , Kolmhuber Stefanie , Bausewein Claudia , Hodiamont Farina 
Published: January 2023

Background: Patient-reported outcome measures have the potential to improve outcomes, quality, and effectiveness of care. Digital use of patient-reported outcome measures could be an option to foster implementation in palliative care. The Palli-MONITOR study focused on developing and testing an electronic patient-reported outcome measure in specialised palliative home care. As part of this study, we examined setting-specific challenges for the development of the measure. Aim: We aimed to identify and explore challenges for the development of electronic patient-reported outcome measures as standardised assessment in specialised palliative home care. Design: Qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews and focus groups. Data were thematically analysed using the framework method. Setting/Participants: Patients and professionals from five German palliative home care teams. Results: Patients described potential problems in using electronic questionnaires due to their deteriorating health. Answering the electronic questionnaire encouraged patients to reflect on their current palliative situation, which was partly perceived as burdensome. Identified concerns and questions regarding the future roll-out of electronic patient-reported outcome measurement addressed the process of receiving and using the provided information in clinical care routine. Challenging factors on organisational and structural level were the potential undermining of the established 24-h emergency call system and the potential use for patients. Conclusions: Our results provide a multifaceted picture of challenges developing electronic systems for patient-reported outcome measurement in palliative home care on the individual and organisational level. The study underpins the benefit of stakeholder involvement creating digital health innovations and emphasises the importance to therefore mind setting specific culture.
The Near Disaster at Three Mile Island
Authors: Bartlett Glen S. , Houts Peter S. , Byrnes Linda K. , Miller Robert W. 
Published: January 2023

On March 28, 1979, a serious reactor accident occurred at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant near Harris-burg, Pennsylvania (USA). Pregnant women and families with pre-school age children were asked to evacuate a five mile area around the plant. Evacuation plans were developed for a twenty mile radius, although no such evacuation occurred. Telephone surveys of adults and a questionnaire survey of high school students living near Three Mile Island were carried out from May, 1979, to January, 1980. The data collected show that living near the plant (absolute or perceived proximity), younger age and lower grade level of the adolescent respondent, presence of pre-school age child in the home, lower parent's or adult's education, and evacuation of all or part of the family were all associated with a stronger negative affective response to the accident and with the likelihood of having evacuated the area. The behavior of individuals and families following the Three Mile Island accident parallel those occurring in an actual disaster, and extend the theoretical framework of Kinston and Rosser to include the circumstances of potential disasters.
The Social Status of War Widows
Authors: Shamgar-Handelman Lea 
Published: January 2023

The paper deals with changes in the place of families in society due to the long term effect of disaster on the family. It draws on interviews with Israeli war widows, faced with erosion in the status formerly accorded them through their late husband. Three alternative methods used by the widows to create a substitute status to halt this decline are described. None of them succeeded in preventing erosion in the status of the widow and her family. Over time, the place of the family within the various social groups and categories to which it had belonged was lost, due to the weakened position of the widow in her social network. The centrifugal process which pushes families affected by disaster to the margin of society, creates vacancies in different social groups and categories throughout society. Quantitatively large changes of this sort might result in significant qualitative changes in the composition of those groups and categories.
Earthquake Prediction in Japan and the United States
Authors: Hirose Hirotada 
Published: January 2023

Major earthquakes were predicted on both sides of the Pacific in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, and the state of California, the United States, at roughly the same time. These predictions differ from those made previously in that (1) the location, scale, and likelihood in a given timeframe have been specified; (2) the predictions for both regions have been taken seriously by the governments; and (3) there has been an unprecedented increase in earthquake concern among the area's residents. In the present study, the American and Japanese reactions to these earthquake predictions are compared in terms of earthquake policy and the impact on residents’ lifestyles. Conclusins are that (1) there is a major difference in the time, money, and energy spent on earthquake policy, Shizuoka being far better prepared than California; (2) Tokai earthquake policy is premised on the assumption of short-term predictability, but California policy is not; and (3) Shizuoka residents are ahead of Californians in earthquake preparedness, but public earthquake awareness is growing steadily in California, and should be considerably enhanced in the near future.
A Psychological Analysis of the Evacuation Behavior at the Great Sakata Fire
Authors: Abe Kitao , Kazama Ryoichi 
Published: January 2023

This research studied human behavior in the great Sakata Fire. The fire, fanned by a violent wind at the time, burned continuously in the center of the city for about 12 hours. Although it rained that night, the fire was massive and spread extensively. The research focus was on: (1) the recognition of the fire: about what time was it noted, how the fire was reported, and what were the early forecasts about it; (2) the behavior of people seeking refuge: the period of preparation for refuge, the state of the fire at the time, what people thought of doing and how; (3) information: the means used to obtain information about the fire, and rumor behavior; and (4) social disorganization: whether or not there was panic and looting behavior, details about it, and reasons why it occurred. The fire spread at a speed of about 100 m/h, which was rather slow in spite of the strong wind. This condition is considered as the reason for the relatively smooth evacuation of people, the lack of any great panic, and the few deaths and injuries.
Collective Bbhavior Research in the Netherlands: Prom Residual to Partnership
Authors: Rosenthal Uriel 
Published: January 2023

Till recently, the study of collective behavior did not pose as a distinct field in Dutch social science. During the era of pillarization and consociational democracy (1927–196?) the main thrust of social and political research involved organizational factors in social and political life rather than the irregular dynamics of panics, crazes and hostile outbursts, Noninstitutional, unscheduled phenomena were not en vogue among opinion leaders and social scientists alike. In the mid-sixties social and political life underwent drastic changes. Riots, demonstrations and other kinds of turmoil became popular themes for discussion, partisan analysis and, only gradually, serious research. Few students of collective behavior were able to present an interesting theoretical or conceptual perspective, most of them sticking to Smelser and Gurr. The late seventies and eighties have seen the rise of research in the so-called new social movements: groups and groupings that have settled outside the neo-corporatist system. Neither Smelser nor Gurr are still the top-dogs. McCarthy and Zald's resource mobilization and Tilly's structural approach have become embraced as the more promising perspective. New social movements have turned out to be a recalcitrant object of research. For solid pieces of research one should rather pay attention to new attempts to get theoretical and empirical grip on the functioning of long-established movements. The theoretical re-orientation towards questions concerning the strategies, costs and benefits, and effectiveness of collective behavior has invited Dutch scholars to take more interest in examining the political and governmental context of collective behavior. A growing number of studies on decisionmaking presents collective behavior as one amidst many other competing explanatory factors. Collective behavior is about to lose its self-contained status. It becomes part of a context of both input and output factors, the latter including the “old enemy” of collective behavior: the authorities and governmental bureaucracies. It may go all the Day from a residual category to a fully recognized dimension of social and political process.
Italian Sociology and the Study of Social Movements
Authors: de Marchi Bruna A. 
Published: January 2023

The article critically assesses the contribution of Italian sociology to the study of social movements in the last twenty years. These years nearly cover the “institutional life-cycle” of the discipline. In order to help the reader place the study of social movements within the mainstream of Italian sociology, some information is provided about its historical development and academic status, even in relation to political and cultural trends in overall society. Tracing the history of social movements studies back to it origins, the author shows how it has diverged from the American tradition, in particular as far as its relation to the study of other forms of collective behavior is concerned. In an extensive review of both theoretical and empirical contributions, the author points out what she sees as the main merits and faults of Italian scholars. The former include attention to theorization in the field of both conventional and collective behavior and preference for multi-factored models of explanation. Among the latter, are unsatisfactory attempts to build general testable theories, and lack of empirical research. Contributions are analysed with regard to different aspects of social movements: formation, mobilization and recruitment, ideology and organization, politics and outcomes. Pointing out achievements and failures of Italian analysts, the author arrives at some general rather optimistic conclusions about future developments, in both theory and research.
Hurricane Evacuation Behavior
Authors: Baker Earl J. 
Published: January 2023

Researchers have conducted sample surveys following at least twelve hurricanes from 1961 through 1989 in almost every state from Texas through Massachutts. The resulting database is larger than that for any other hazard, and many generalizations are feasible concerning factors accounting for variation in response to hurricane threats. Risk area and actions by public officials are the most important variables affecting public response. When public officials are aggressive in issuing evacuation notices and disseminate the messages effectively. over 90 percent of the residents of high-risk barrier islands and open coasts evacuate. People hearing, or believing they hear, official evacuation advisories or orders are more than twice as likely to leave in most locations. A greater percentage of mobile home dwellers evacuate than occupants of other housing, especially in modelate-risk and low-risk areas. General knowledge about hurricanes and hurricane safety is weakly related or unrelated to evacuation, but belief that one's own home is subject to flooding is strongly associated with whether the occupant leaves. Length of residence in hurricane prone areas and hurricane experience are not good predictors of response. The great majority of people who evacuate unnecessarily in one hurricane will still leave in future threats.