bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Increased prevalence of gout in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A population‐based study
Authors: Hamid Osama , Alsabbagh Alchirazi Khaled , Eltelbany Ahmed , Nanah Rama , Regueiro Miguel 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackground and AimArthritis is a recognized extra‐intestinal manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Studies show altered uric acid metabolism in IBD. This study aims to investigate the association between IBD and gout.MethodsWe used a multi‐center database (Explorys Inc.) consisting of data from several US healthcare systems. We identified adults diagnosed with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) between 1999 and 2022. In this cohort, we identified patients diagnosed with gout. We collected demographic data and identified patients diagnosed with IBD‐associated arthritis and those who had intestinal resection. Risk factors associated with gout were collected. Multivariate analysis was used.ResultsOut of the 69 260 780 patients in the database, we identified 209 020 patients with UC (0.30%) of whom 9130 had gout (4.3%). Additionally, 249 480 had CD (0.36%) of whom 14 000 had gout (5.61%). Males were more prevalent in the UC and gout group than in the CD and gout group (58% vs 51%). After adjustment, CD was significantly associated with gout (odds ratio [OR] 1.68, confidence interval [CI]: 1.60–1.75). UC was also significantly associated with gout (OR 1.38, CI: 1.31–1.44). In subgroup analysis with intestinal resection, CD patients who had intestinal resection had higher association with gout versus those without surgery (OR 2.34, CI: 2.25–2.43). Similar increase was observed in the UC group with intestinal resection (OR 1.53, CI: 1.49–1.56).ConclusionIBD is strongly associated with gout, with higher correlation observed with CD. Intestinal resection is associated with an increase in the risk of gout. Patients with IBD who present with new‐onset arthritis should be investigated for gout.
Anal and oropharyngeal HPV distribution in HIV‐negative multipartner MSM using self‐sampling kits for HIV and sexually transmitted infection screening
Authors: Prétet Jean‐Luc , Baraquin Alice , Barret Anne‐Sophie , Bercot Béatrice , Rahib Delphine , Lydié Nathalie , Pépin‐Puget Line , Lepiller Quentin 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMen who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of sexually transmitted infections, among which HPV infections are particularly prominent. We took advantage of the MémoDépistages study to evaluate HPV distribution at anal and oropharyngeal sites in HIV‐negative multipartner MSM. HPV DNA was detected in 82% (n = 344) of anal and 11% (n = 45) of oropharyngeal self‐collected samples taken from 421 participants. Multiple HPV types were detected in 70% of anal samples, and single HPV types in 91% of oropharyngeal samples. HPV16 was the most frequent type detected in the anus, followed by HPV6, HPV51, and HPV52. HPV6, HPV16, and HPV11 were the most prevalent types in the oropharynx. HPV targeted by the nonavalent vaccine was detected in 71% and 50% of HPV‐positive anal and oropharyngeal samples, respectively. The main risk factor associated with HPV detection was frequenting gay meeting places, living in large cities, and having an anal Chlamydia trachomatis/Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection. In this cohort of highly sexually active MSM, HPV detection was highly frequent and rendered them at high risk of precancerous and cancerous lesions. Universal vaccination against HPV before sexual debut is an important public health strategy to prevent HPV‐associated cancers in this highly vulnerable population of HIV‐negative MSM.
Lactobacillus paracaseiAH2 isolated from Chinese sourdough alleviated gluten‐induced food allergy through modulating gut microbiota and promoting short‐chain fatty acid accumulation in a BALB/c mouse model
Authors: Chen Chen , Liu Chenglong , Mu Kaiyu , Xue Wentong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDA large number of people worldwide suffer from gluten‐induced food allergy. As investigated in our previous research, Lactobacillus paracasei AH2 isolated from traditionally homemade sourdough in Anhui province of China showed the potential to reduce the immune reactivity of wheat protein by in vitro evaluation. However, whether L. paracasei AH2 has a role in alleviating wheat allergy in an in vivo model and its underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated.RESULTSIn this study, the alleviative effects of L. paracasei AH2 on gluten‐induced allergic response were evaluated. Compared with a gluten‐allergic mouse, L. paracasei AH2 suppressed anaphylaxis symptoms, gluten‐specific immunoglobulin E, histamine and interleukin‐4. Moreover, L. paracasei AH2 attenuated splenomegaly and induced Th1 or Treg cell differentiation to modulate the Th1/Th2 immune balance toward Th1 polarization. Short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels were enhanced after L. paracasei AH2 supplementation, contributing to allergy relief as well as reducing the pH of colonic contents. The α and β diversities of the gut microbiota were modulated by L. paracasei AH2 with increased relative abundance of Lacticaseibacillus and SCFA producers (Faecalibaculum, Alloprevotella and Bacteroides genera), as well as decreased unfavorable Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group and Alistipes. Additionally, L. paracasei AH2 protected the intestinal barrier function by upregulating tight junctions and improved the antioxidant activities in serum.CONCLUSIONOur findings indicate that L. paracasei AH2 could act as a potential probiotic for relieving wheat allergy by modulating the gut microbiota and elevating SCFA levels. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Reducing opioid prescribing after ambulatory breast reconstruction surgery
Authors: Fearon Nkechi J. , Kurtzman Joey , Benfante Nicole , Assel Melissa , Vickers Andrew , Carlsson Sigrid , Laudone Vincent P. , Levine Marcia , Simon Brett A. , Mehrara Babak J. , Nelson Jonas A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe lack of evidence‐based guidelines for postoperative opioid prescriptions following breast reconstruction contributes to a wide variation in prescribing practices and increases potential for misuse and abuse.MethodsBetween August and December 2019, women who underwent outpatient breast reconstruction were surveyed 7–10 days before (n = 97) and after (n = 101) implementing a standardized opioid prescription reduction initiative. We compared postoperative opioid use, pain control, and refills in both groups. Patient reported outcomes were compared using the BREAST‐Q physical wellbeing of the chest domain and a novel symptom Recovery Tracker.ResultsBefore changes in prescriptions, patients were prescribed a median of 30 pills and consumed three pills (interquartile range [IQR: 1,9]). After standardization, patients were prescribed eight pills and consumed three pills (IQR: 1,6). There was no evidence of a difference in the proportion of patients experiencing moderate to very severe pain on the Recovery Tracker or in the early BREAST‐Q physical wellbeing of the chest scores (p = 0.8 and 0.3, respectively).ConclusionStandardizing and reducing opioid prescriptions for patients undergoing reconstructive breast surgery is feasible and can significantly decrease the number of excess pills prescribed. The was no adverse impact on early physical wellbeing, although larger studies are needed to obtain further data.
Whey and Buttermilk‐Based Formulas Modulate Gut Microbiota in Mice with Antibiotic‐Induced Dysbiosis
Authors: Bellés Andrea , Abad Inés , Sánchez Lourdes , Grasa Laura 
Published: September 2023

ScopeDiet is one of the main factors that modifies intestinal microbiota composition. The search for foods that can reverse situations of intestinal dysbiosis such as that induced by antibiotics is of great interest. Buttermilk and whey are the main by‐products produced by the dairy industry containing bioactive compounds. The aim of this study is to investigate the ability of whey and buttermilk‐based formulas supplemented with lactoferrin and milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) to modulate the effects of clindamycin on mouse intestinal microbiota.Methods and resultsMale C57BL/6 mice are treated with saline (control), clindamycin (Clin), a formula containing whey (F1) or buttermilk (F2), Clin+F1 or Clin+F2, and their fecal microbiota profiles are analyzed by sequencing of 16S rRNA gene using the MinION device. Clin induces alterations in both the composition and metabolic functions of the mice intestinal microbiota. The treatment with F1 or F2 reverses the effects of clindamycin, restoring the levels of Rikenellaceae and Lactobacillaceae families and certain pathways related to short‐chain fatty acids production and tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis.ConclusionWhey and buttermilk supplemented with lactoferrin and MFGM may be a bioactive formula for functional foods to prevent or restore microbiota alterations induced by antibiotic administration.
Differentiation of patients with and without prostate cancer using urine 1H NMR metabolomics
Authors: Hasubek Anna‐Laura , Wang Xiaoyu , Zhang Ella , Kobus Marta , Chen Jiashang , Vandergrift Lindsey A. , Kurreck Annika , Ehret Felix , Dinges Sarah , Hohm Annika , Tilgner Marlon , Buko Alexander , Habbel Piet , Nowak Johannes , Mercaldo Nathaniel D. , Gusev Andrew , Feldman Adam S. , Cheng Leo L. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractProstate cancer (PCa) is one of the most prevalent cancers in men worldwide. For its detection, serum prostate‐specific antigen (PSA) screening is commonly used, despite its lack of specificity, high false positive rate, and inability to discriminate indolent from aggressive PCa. Following increases in serum PSA levels, clinicians often conduct prostate biopsies with or without advanced imaging. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)‐based metabolomics has proven to be promising for advancing early‐detection and elucidation of disease progression, through the discovery and characterization of novel biomarkers. This retrospective study of urine‐NMR samples, from prostate biopsy patients with and without PCa, identified several metabolites involved in energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and the hippuric acid pathway. Of note, lactate and hippurate—key metabolites involved in cellular proliferation and microbiome effects, respectively—were significantly altered, unveiling widespread metabolomic modifications associated with PCa development. These findings support urine metabolomics profiling as a promising strategy to identify new clinical biomarkers for PCa detection and diagnosis.
Numerical investigations of new low‐order explicit last stage diagonal implicit Runge–Kutta schemes with the finite‐element method
Authors: Westermann Hendrik , Mahnken Rolf 
Published: September 2023

AbstractInitial value problems can be solved efficiently by means of Runge–Kutta algorithms with adaptive step size control. Diagonally implicit Runge–Kutta (DIRK) methods are the most popular class among the diverse family of Runge–Kutta algorithms. In this paper, the novel class of low‐order explicit last‐stage diagonally implicit Runge–Kutta (ELDIRK) methods are explored, which combine implicit schemes with an additional explicit evaluation as an explicit last stage. ELDIRK Butcher tableaus are used to control embedded RK methods to obtain solutions of different orders. The lower‐order solution is obtained by classical implicit RK stages and the higher‐order solution is obtained by additional explicit evaluation. As a result, a significant reduction in computational cost is achieved by skipping the iterative solution of nonlinear systems for the additional step. The examination of the heat problem and the use of the innovative Butcher tableau in the finite‐element method are the main contributions of this work. Thus, it is possible to establish adaptive step size control for the new low‐order embedded methods based on an empirical method for error estimation. Two‐dimensional simulations are used to show an appropriate algorithm for the ELDIRK schemes. The new Runge–Kutta schemes' predictions of higher‐order convergence are confirmed, and their successful outcomes are illustrated.
A geometric framework for discrete time port‐Hamiltonian systems
Authors: Cherifi Karim , Gernandt Hannes , Hinsen Dorothea , Mehrmann Volker 
Published: September 2023

AbstractPort‐Hamiltonian systems provide an energy‐based formulation with a model class that is closed under structure preserving interconnection. For continuous‐time systems, these interconnections are constructed by geometric objects called Dirac structures. In this paper, we derive this geometric formulation and the interconnection properties for scattering passive discrete‐time port‐Hamiltonian systems.
Enhancing vinyl ester properties with eco‐friendly sustainable biochar filler
Authors: Rajamani Pradeep , Veerasimman Arumugaprabu , Palani Geetha , Shanmugam Vigneshwaran , Rajendran Sundarakannan , Subbaiah Ajith , G B Rameshkumar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBiomass and other biogenic wastes can be used in polymeric materials, allowing for effective waste utilization. Thus, these materials can be converted into biochar and used in composite fabrication. Biochar was used in the current study to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of vinyl ester‐based composites. Waste cashew nut shells were converted into biochar via a slow pyrolysis method. Biochar was added at three different levels (5, 10 and 15 wt.%). Composite with 10 wt.% biochar showed ca.72% and ca.54% higher tensile strength and hardness than the neat vinyl ester. The composite containing 15 wt.% biochar showed the highest impact and flexural strength of ca.47 MPa and ca.13 kJ/m2 respectively. The thermo‐gravimetric study showed that the composites with 15 wt.% added biochar performed better than the others, with a yield percentage of ca.45%. This study provides a summary of biochar applications and highlights the advantages of biomass wastes with respect to energy and environmental sustainability for the production of strong and thermally stable composites.
The update of treatment strategies in pediatrics with generalized pustular psoriasis in China
Authors: Chen Yunliu , Xiang Xin , Wang Zhaoyang , Miao Chaoyang , Xu Zigang 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACTGeneralized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a severe subtype of psoriasis, commonly combined with systemic inflammation. Gene mutations have been found to be associated with GPP and vary by ethnicity. Systemic treatments are usually required for the severity and potential complications of GPP. However, there is no common consensus in China, especially among pediatric patients, whose data are scarce. Acitretin, methotrexate, and cyclosporine are widely used in pediatrics with GPP, while the adverse effects should be highlighted. The emergence of different biological agents brings us into a new era. This article discusses the genetic background of Chinese patients and demonstrates the evidence of treatment in pediatrics with GPP.
Collagen/poly(acrylic acid)/MXene hydrogels with tissue‐adhesive, biosensing, and photothermal antibacterial properties
Authors: Zhang Min , Yang Qili , Liang Kaiwen , Gao Lu , Lu Peng , Ding Cuicui , Dang Yuan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe application of collagen‐based hydrogel is severely restricted due to its poor mechanical strength and functional singleness. In this paper, two‐dimensional MXene nanosheets were introduced into collagen/acrylic acid (AA) system, which was polymerized in situ to produce versatile hydrogel (GCol‐MX‐PAA). The tensile stress and compressive stress values of the resultant hydrogel at the MXene concentration of 5 mg/mL reached 211.5 kPa and 7.8 MPa, respectively, which were approximately 4.0 and 1.4 times higher than those of GCol‐PAA. The bonding strength of the hydrogel reached 30.7 kPa in the porcine skin‐adhesive model owing to the large number of free phenolic hydroxyl groups on GCol. Furthermore, GCol‐MX‐PAA could be applied to monitor large and subtle activities of human body due to the excellent electrical conductivity of MXene. Thanks to the outstanding photothermal conversion performance of MXene, the hydrogel could kill E. coli and S. aureus effectively under NIR irradiation. In addition, in vitro cytotoxicity test performed on L929 fibroblasts demonstrated the desirable biocompatibility of GCol‐MX‐PAA. The design strategy in this work gives guidance for the development of multifunctional collagen‐based hydrogel in a wide range of applications.Highlights
Versatile hydrogel constructed from GA‐modified collagen, PAA, and MXene.
The composite hydrogel displays improved mechanical properties.
This hydrogel possesses superior tissue adhesion and strain sensitivity.
This hydrogel shows desired photothermal antibacterial property and biocompatibility.
The future of dicing is here
Authors: Vainoris Modestas , Nacius Ernestas , Šlevas Paulius , Sabonis Vytautas 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe submicron era is here, and the projections show that the need will only increase for wafers, glass, ceramics, and metal parts with micron and sub‐micron‐level features on them. Such parts could be readily assembled into multi‐layered chips or devices, but still require some dicing. The highly flexible FemtoGlass system with Workshop of Photonics' (WOP) patented cutting technology [1] offers highly efficient and precise dicing solutions with a small heat‐affected zone (HAZ) and low surface roughness.
Ag‐based bimetallic clusters as catalysts for p‐nitrophenol reduction by glycerol: A DFT investigation
Authors: Khandelwal Akshita , Khan Danish , Kuntail Jyoti , Sinha Indrajit 
Published: September 2023

AbstractReducing p‐nitrophenol (PNP) to p‐aminophenol is an industrially relevant synthesis. Nevertheless, only a few heterogeneous catalysts have been evaluated for the reduction of PNP by glycerol. Appropriate quantum computational studies can screen potential catalysts for this crucial green reaction. The present research investigates the catalytic activities of Pd@Ag and Ni@Ag core‐shell nanogeometries toward PNP reduction by glycerol through density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The central atom of a geometry‐optimized 13‐atom Ag cluster was replaced by Pd and Ni atoms to create the core‐shell morphologies. The interaction energies of PNP and glycerol with each of the (metal/bimetallic) clusters were evaluated by DFT calculations to find the best PNP and glycerol molecule orientation with the respective bimetallic cluster. Electrostatic potential surface and natural bond orbital analyses were performed to study the charge distribution and transfer between atomic orbitals. The frequencies of vibrational modes in isolated PNP/glycerol structures were compared to those when these molecules were in the presence of the different metal clusters to infer the effect of the interactions. All performed analyses indicated improved catalytic activity toward PNP reduction by glycerol upon Ni‐doping of the Ag13 cluster.
Infrared pulsed fiber laser‐produced gold and silver‐109 nanoparticles for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry of steroid hormones
Authors: Płaza‐Altamer Aneta , Kołodziej Artur , Krupa Zuzanna , Nizioł Joanna , Ruman Tomasz 
Published: September 2023

RationaleHormones are compounds that perform many important functions in the human body, but above all their task is to maintain homeostasis by adapting them to the constantly changing environmental conditions. Even minor hormonal disorders have a negative effect on the body, leading to physical or mental changes. Therefore, monitoring these changes and precise quantification of hormones are essential for the early diagnosis of diseases related to hormonal disorders.MethodsApplication of monoisotopic silver‐109 and gold nanoparticles obtained by PFL (pulsed fiber laser) 2D GS (galvo‐scanner) LGN (laser‐generated nanomaterial) for high‐resolution laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI‐MS) and mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) of steroid hormones is presented. Four steroid hormones, estrone, prednisolone, corticosterone and progesterone, were used as test compounds for quantitative analysis with matrix‐assisted LDI time‐of‐flight MS apparatus. Moreover, comparison of manual measurements and semiautomatic MSI with both types of nanoparticles was performed. Methods were also tested on spiked human blood serum for quantification of steroid hormones and for estimation of the matrix effect.ResultsHormones were directly tested in 1 000 000‐fold concentration change conditions ranging from 1 mg/mL to 1 ng/mL which equates to 300 ng to 300 fg of hormone per measurement spot. For almost all tested hormones MSI allowed one to obtain equal or lower limit of detection value than manual LDI‐MS. The best results judged by lowest limit of detection values are found for silver‐109 nanoparticles.ConclusionThe results of the quantitative analysis of steroid hormones using silver‐109 and gold nanoparticles prepared with PFL 2D GS LGN for LDI‐MS and semiautomatic LDI‐MSI are presented. It has been proven that nanoparticles obtained by laser synthesis can be successfully used for the analysis of steroid hormones in a wide range of concentrations.
Interfacial and Electronic Modulation of W Bridging Heterostructure Between WS2 and Cobalt‐Based Compounds for Efficient Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Yu Xin , Li Yaxin , Fang Tingting , Gao Juan , Ma Yurong 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe development of high performance electrocatalysts for effective hydrogen production is urgently needed. Herein, three hybrid catalysts formed by WS2 and Co‐based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) derivatives are constructed, in which the small amount of W in the MOFs derivatives acts as a bridge to provide the charge transfer channel and enhance the stability. In addition, the effects of the surface charge distribution on the catalytic performance are fully investigated. Due to the optimal interfacial electron coupling and rearrangement as well as its unique porous morphology, WS2@W‐CoPx exhibits superior bifunctional performance in alkaline media with low overpotentials in hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) (62 mV at 10 mA cm−2) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) (278 mV at 100 mA cm−2). For overall water splitting (OWS), WS2@W‐CoPx only requires a cell voltage of 1.78 V at 50 mA cm−2 and maintains good stability within 72 h. Density functional theory calculations verify that the combination of W‐CoPx with WS2 can effectively enhance the activity of OER and HER with weakened OH (or O) adsorption and enhanced H atom adsorption. This work provides a feasible idea for the design and practical application of WS2 or phosphide‐based catalysts in OWS.
Bioinspired Hierarchical Multi‐Protective Membrane for Extreme Environments via Co‐Electrospinning‐Electrospray Strategy
Authors: Si Yifan , Yang Jieqiong , Wang Dong , Shi Shuo , Zhi Chuanwei , Huang Kaisong , Hu Jinlian 
Published: September 2023

AbstractExtreme environments can cause severe harm to human health, and even threaten life safety. Lightweight, breathable clothing with multi‐protective functions would be of great application value. However, integrating multi‐protective functions into nanofibers in a facile way remains a great challenge. Here, a one‐step co‐electrospinning‐electrospray strategy is developed to fabricate a superhydrophobic multi‐protective membrane (S‐MPM). The water contact angle of S‐MPM can reach up to 164.3°. More importantly, S‐MPM can resist the skin temperature drop (11.2 °C) or increase (17.2 °C) caused by 0 °C cold or 70 °C hot compared with pure electrospun membrane. In the cold climate (−5 °C), the anti‐icing time of the S‐MPM is extended by 2.52 times, while the deicing time is only 1.45 s due to the great photothermal effect. In a fire disaster situation, the total heat release and peak heat release rate values of flame retarded S‐MPM drop sharply by 24.2% and 69.3%, respectively. The S‐MPM will serve as the last line of defense for the human body and has the potential to trigger a revolution in the practical application of next‐generation functional clothing.