bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ni‐Single‐Atom Mediated 2D Heterostructures for Highly Efficient Uranyl Photoreduction
Authors: Wang Wei , Luo Qiang , Li Linqian , Wang Yifan , Huo Xiaobing , Chen Shipeng , Du Xiwen , Wang Ning 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSunlight‐driven photoreduction of the environmentally mobile uranyl (VI) to less soluble tetravalent uranium is of considerable value to environmental sustainability, yet the pursuit for high‐performance semiconductors is plagued by the current disadvantages of inferior charge separation/migration. This study reports that a nickel single atom isolated on a sulfur‐functionalized graphitic carbon nitride/reduced graphene oxide 2D heterostructure enables exceptional uranyl photoreduction. Under only 11 min of visible light irradiation, the single atom anchored semiconductor yields a high removal rate of 99.8% and a record‐high extraction capacity of 4144 mg g−1 in uranyl‐containing wastewater and seawater. Theoretical calculations confirm that the remarkable uranyl photoreduction originates from the synergetic effect of Ni single atoms and intimate heterojunction establishment that can not only promote the separation/migration of photoexcited carriers, but also greatly reduce the energy barrier of uranyl reduction. This study showcases the exciting potential of single atom semiconductors for efficient uranyl removal from uranium‐contaminated aqueous environments.
Nanostructured Spinel Manganates and Their Composites for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage
Authors: Rani Balasubramanian Jansi , Sivanantham Arumugam , Cho In Sun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSpinel manganates (AMn2O4; A = Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Fe; collectively referred to as AMO) are promising electrode materials for water electrolyzers, pseudocapacitors, and batteries owing to their inherent advantages such as valence variability, high catalytic activity, conductivity, stability, low‐cost, and environmental friendliness. Nanostructured materials, with a large surface area and short ion diffusion length, offer great potential for achieving enhanced electrochemical performance. This review summarizes spinel manganates with various nanostructured morphologies and discusses the impact of the structure and composition on the electrochemical performance. The review demonstrates that nanostructured spinel manganates with preferred A‐site cation significantly improve the thermodynamics and electrochemical reaction kinetics at solid–liquid and solid–solid interfaces. Notably, faceted, hollow, 1D nanostructured CoMn2O4 and its nanocomposites (CoMn/CoMn2O4 and NiMn2O4/C) exhibit outstanding electrochemical performance. The review also provides an overview of the importance of energy conversion and storage, and the advantages of spinel manganates as electrode materials. Additionally, the review describes feasible methods of synthesizing AMO nanostructures and nanocomposites. The insights provided in this review are expected to contribute to the synthesis of spinel manganates with desired morphologies and compositions, enabling the future development of efficient electrode materials for energy conversion and storage devices.
Covalent Organic Frameworks Based Heterostructure in Solar‐To‐Fuel Conversion
Authors: Chen Jinsong , Yuan Daqiang , Wang Yaobing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhotocatalytic reactions for fuel generation are crucial for the world's energy needs. Covalent‐Organic‐Frameworks (COFs) have been extensively studied as promising designable photocatalysts for these reactions due to their efficient visible‐light absorption, suitable energy‐band structure, facilitated intramolecular charge separation, and fast mass transfer. However, the activities of pristine COFs remain unsatisfactory, due to intermolecular charge recombination. Recently, COF‐based heterostructures, which combine COFs with metal‐sulfides, metal‐oxides, carbon materials, or MOFs, have attracted increasing attention for enhancing solar‐to‐fuel conversion efficiency by facilitating interfacial photo‐generated carrier separation, sensitizing wide‐gap semiconductors, and promoting surface redox reactions. Thus, a review of the state‐of‐the‐art progress of COF‐based heterostructure photocatalysts in reactions such as H2 evolution, CO2 reduction, O2 evolution, H2O splitting and CO2 splitting is crucial for the design of new photocatalysts to promote solar‐to‐fuel conversion. In this review, the COF‐based heterostructures photocatalysts are highlighted based on their synthesis, properties, and reasons for enhanced activities. Moreover, design principles are raised for such photocatalysts for each fuel generation reaction, based on insights into related research. Finally, this review is concluded by proposing future trends for COF‐based heterostructures photocatalysts, with attention to the design of COFs and supports, analyzing the photocatalytic reaction dynamics, together with considering practical applications.
Emerging Xene‐Based Single‐Atom Catalysts: Theory, Synthesis, and Catalytic Applications
Authors: Wang Mengke , Hu Yi , Pu Junmei , Zi You , Huang Weichun 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn recent years, the emergence of novel 2D monoelemental materials (Xenes), e.g., graphdiyne, borophene, phosphorene, antimonene, bismuthene, and stanene, has exhibited unprecedented potentials for their versatile applications as well as addressing new discoveries in fundamental science. Owing to their unique physicochemical, optical, and electronic properties, emerging Xenes have been regarded as promising candidates in the community of single‐atom catalysts (SACs) as single‐atom active sites or support matrixes for significant improvement in intrinsic activity and selectivity. In order to comprehensively understand the relationships between the structure and property of Xene‐based SACs, this review represents a comprehensive summary from theoretical predictions to experimental investigations. Firstly, theoretical calculations regarding both the anchoring of Xene‐based single‐atom active sites on versatile support matrixes and doping/substituting heteroatoms at Xene‐based support matrixes are briefly summarized. Secondly, controlled synthesis and precise characterization are presented for Xene‐based SACs. Finally, current challenges and future opportunities for the development of Xene‐based SACs are highlighted.
Multi‐Phase Sputtered TiO2‐Induced Current–Voltage Distortion in Sb2Se3Solar Cells
Authors: Don Christopher H. , Shalvey Thomas P. , Smiles Matthew J. , Thomas Luke , Phillips Laurie J. , Hobson Theodore D. C. , Finch Harry , Jones Leanne A. H. , Swallow Jack E. N. , Fleck Nicole , Markwell Christopher , Thakur Pardeep K. , Lee Tien‐Lin , Biswas Deepnarayan , Bowen Leon , Williamson Benjamin A. D. , Scanlon David O. , Dhanak Vinod R. , Durose Ken , Veal Tim D. , Major Jonathan D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDespite the recent success of CdS/Sb2Se3heterojunction devices, cadmium toxicity, parasitic absorption from the relatively narrow CdS band gap (2.4 eV) and multiple reports of inter‐diffusion at the interface forming Cd(S,Se) and Sb2(S,Se)3phases, present significant limitations to this device architecture. Among the options for alternative partner layers in antimony chalcogenide solar cells, the wide band gap, non‐toxic titanium dioxide (TiO2) has demonstrated the most promise. It is generally accepted that the anatase phase of the polymorphic TiO2is preferred, although there is currently an absence of analysis with regard to phase influence on device performance. This work reports approaches to distinguish between TiO2phases using both surface and bulk characterization methods. A device fabricated with a radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtered rutile‐TiO2window layer (FTO/TiO2/Sb2Se3/P3HT/Au) achieved an efficiency of 6.88% and near‐record short–circuit current density (Jsc) of 32.44 mA cm−2, which is comparable to established solution based TiO2fabrication methods that produced a highly anatase‐TiO2partner layer and a 6.91% efficiency device. The sputtered method introduces reproducibility challenges via the enhancement of interfacial charge barriers in multi‐phase TiO2films with a rutile surface and anatase bulk. This is shown to introduce severe S‐shaped current–voltage (J–V) distortion and a drastic fill–factor (FF) reduction in these devices.
1D Arrays of Highly Adhesive Nanosheets Inspired by Mytilus Edulis Foot Proteins
Authors: Xu Lingyun , Zhao Zhihao , Ge Yinghao , Wang Zhixin , Sun Xiaohan , Jiang Xiangyu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAssembling functional materials into one‐dimensional arrays is an efficient method for the integration of devices. However, the complicated assembly methods and poor stability of patterns still restrict their further applications. In this work, the well‐dispersible nanosheets are prepared by introducing a bionic adhesive strategy. The oriented arrays with uniform morphology and precise position are realized by the liquid‐film‐induced capillary bridge assembly method. Owing to the abundant interactions between catechol structure and targeted substrates, the micro‐wires present extraordinary stability in adhesion tests. Field‐effect transistors (FETs) based on these micro‐wires are also fabricated, and enhanced carrier mobility is achieved, exhibiting to be 41 times higher than pristine film‐structured FETs. Micro‐wires have a certain stability and improved electrical properties at the same time, which endows this strategy with practicality and application prospect.
3D Printing Transparent γ‐Alumina Porous Structures Based on Photopolymerizable Sol–Gel Inks
Authors: Moshkovitz May Yam , Paz Danielle , Magdassi Shlomo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA novel method for fabricating transparent porous γ‐alumina 3D structures by printing at high resolution is presented. The process is based on combining digital light processing 3D printing (DLP) and sol–gel reactions, all performed in transparent solutions, resulting in ceramic monolithic porous structures. The aqueous printing solution contains mainly aluminum chloride, propylene oxide (PO), ethanol, and acrylic acid (AA). The printed polymerized structures are aged, followed by supercritical drying (SCD), and sintered at high temperatures. During aging and sintering, the printed objects shrink, thus enabling a final printing resolution far beyond the nominal value of the used printer. The resulting structures are crystalline γ‐Al2O3, with a very high surface area, above 1800 m2 g−1, and optical transmission above 80% at 600 nm. In addition, SCD enables precise control of pores’ dimensions and total surface area, which are essential for applications including thermal insulation and catalyst support and for obtaining heat‐resistant transparent optical devices.
Development of Functional Filter Materials for Virus Protective Face Masks
Authors: Zabihi Fatemeh , Reissner Janina , Friese Anika , Schulze Maiko , Nie Chuanxiong , Nickl Philip , Lehmann Leon , Siller Paul , Melcher Christoph , Schneiders Thomas , Gries Thomas , Rösler Uwe , Haag Rainer 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWearing face masks during pandemics is an important protective measure against the spreading of virus‐related infectious diseases. Nevertheless, the risk of indirect transmission of virus by handling masks is one of the earliest concerns. This problem can be minimized by supplementing the masks’ textile structure with virus protective coatings. Therefore, in this concept, suitable techniques for manufacturing virus protective filter media should be evaluated. In this study, nonwoven polyamide 6 (PA6) filter material is functionalized with negatively charged linear polyglycerol sulfate (LPGS) as a virus binding functional group. Two coating conditions are investigated in which the direct covalent coating with LPGS has emerged as the optimum coating method, showing no damage to the PA6 nanofiber structure. The uncoated PA6 and LPGS‐coated PA6 filter materials exhibited virus particle filtration efficiencies of 95% and 94% for airborne feline coronavirus, 98% and 86% for airborne equine herpesvirus 1(EHV‐1), respectively. However, the SARS‐CoV‐2 absorption assay in solution indicates that the LPGS coating reduces viral titres up to 71% when incubating with the LPGS‐coated PA6 filter media for one‐hour. Thus, such an effect is not seen for uncoated PA6 materials. These findings confirm the suitability of LPGS coating as a suitable platform for suppression the spreading of viruses in different pandemics.
Layered Double Hydroxides: A Novel Promising 2D Nanomaterial for Bone Diseases Treatment
Authors: Bian Yixin , Cai Xuejie , Lv Zehui , Xu Yiming , Wang Han , Tan Chaoliang , Liang Ruizheng , Weng Xisheng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBone diseases including bone defects, bone infections, osteoarthritis, and bone tumors seriously affect life quality of the patient and bring serious economic burdens to social health management, for which the current clinical treatments bear dissatisfactory therapeutic effects. Biomaterial‐based strategies have been widely applied in the treatment of orthopedic diseases but are still plagued by deficient bioreactivity. With the development of nanotechnology, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) with adjustable metal ion composition and alterable interlayer structure possessing charming physicochemical characteristics, versatile bioactive properties, and excellent drug loading and delivery capabilities arise widespread attention and have achieved considerable achievements for bone disease treatment in the last decade. However, to the authors' best knowledge, no review has comprehensively summarized the advances of LDHs in treating bone disease so far. Herein, the advantages of LDHs for orthopedic disorders treatment are outlined and the corresponding state‐of‐the‐art achievements are summarized for the first time. The potential of LDHs‐based nanocomposites for extended therapeutics for bone diseases is highlighted and perspectives for LDHs‐based scaffold design are proposed for facilitated clinical translation.
Recent Progress on Zn Anodes for Advanced Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Nie Chuanhao , Wang Gulian , Wang Dongdong , Wang Mingyue , Gao Xinran , Bai Zhongchao , Wang Nana , Yang Jian , Xing Zheng , Dou Shixue 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAqueous Zn‐ion batteries (AZIBs) have attracted much attention due to their excellent safety, cost‐effectiveness, and eco‐friendliness thereby being considered as one of the most promising candidates for large‐scale energy storage. Zn metal anodes with a high gravimetric/volumetric capacity are indispensable for advanced AZIBs. However, pristine Zn metal anodes encounter severe challenges in achieving adequate cycling stability, including dendrite growth, hydrogen evolution reaction, self‐corrosion, and by‐product formation. Because all these reactions are closely related to the electrolyte/Zn interface, the subtle interface engineering is important. Many strategies targeted to the interface engineering have been developed. In this review, a timely update on these strategies and perspectives are summarized, especially focusing on the controllable synthesis of Zn, Zn surface engineering, electrolyte formulation, and separator design. Furthermore, the corresponding internal principles of these strategies are clarified, which is helpful to help seek for new strategies. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for the future development of practical AZIBs are discussed, including the conducting of in advanced in situ testing, unification of battery models, some boundary issues, etc. This review is expected to guide the future development and provi beacon light direction for aqueous zinc ion batteries.
Understanding Charge Storage Mechanisms for Amorphous MoSnSe1.5S1.5 Nanoflowers in Alkali‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Chang Yu‐Ming , Wen Yu‐Ching , Chen Tsung‐Yi , Lin Chia‐Ching , Huang Shao‐Chu , Ni Chung‐Sheng , Hou An‐Yuan , Hu Chih‐Wei , Liao Yan‐Fa , Kuo Chun‐Han , Liu Shih‐Fu , Wu Wen‐Wei , Li Lain‐Jong , Chen Han‐Yi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTransition metal sulfides/selenides have been reported as promising materials for alkali‐ion batteries owing to their high pseudocapacitive effects and large capacities. However, these materials undergo large volume expansion, which results in poor cycling retention. Hence, in this study, an amorphous bimetallic chalcogenide, MoSnSe1.5S1.5 (MSSS), is synthesized to mitigate the volume expansion. By introducing an amorphous structure, MSSS can reach high capacities of 805 mAh g‒1 in Li‐ion batteries (LIBs) and 526 mAh g‒1 in Na‐ion batteries (NIBs) at a current density of 0.1 A g‒1. Moreover, amorphous MSSS can tolerate a high current density of 20 A g‒1 and possess high percentages of capacitance contributions in both LIBs and NIBs. To explore fundamentals, in situ/operando measurements, such as X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, transmission X‐ray microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy, are utilized to investigate real‐time phenomena and consequently establish the reaction mechanisms for amorphous MSSS electrodes in alkali‐ion batteries.
Hierarchical Porous N‐doped Carbon Encapsulated Fluorine‐free MXene with Tunable Coordination Chemistry by One‐pot Etching Strategy for Lithium–Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Zhang Xinlu , Ni Zhiwei , Bai Xuexiu , Shen Hengtao , Wang Zhengran , Wei Chuanliang , Tian Kangdong , Xi Baojuan , Xiong Shenglin , Feng Jinkui 
Published: June 2023

AbstractContinuous and considerable exploration of two–dimensional transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes)toward interlayer spacing expansion, surface termination modification and composition architecture construction has aroused significant interest in energy storage fields. Nevertheless, their employment remains severely impeded by a fundamental lack of comprehension of the coordination chemistry of MXenes. Herein, hierarchical porous N‐doped carbon encapsulated fluorine‐free Ti3C2Tx with tunable coordination chemistry is fabricated by a novel one‐pot etching strategy. The Ti coordinated with N manipulated by phase reconstruction is identified by high‐angle annular dark‐field scanning transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Moreover, hierarchical porous nitrogen‐doped carbons (HPNC) are distinctly observed that result in a multifold increase in material surface area derived from a substantial increment of micro‐ and mesoporosity. The structural synergistic effect of Ti coordinated with N, and HPNC heighten binding energy and reduce energy barriers that accelerate redox kinetics, and boosts physical immobilization of lithium polysulfides. The aforementioned MXenes modified separators endow lithium–sulfur batteries with a reversible capacity of 889.5 mA h g−1 with capacity retention of 79.5% after 100 cycles at 0.5 A g−1. Overall, this work affords a novel and universal etching strategy in terms of directly synthesizing fluoride‐free MXene with tunable coordination chemistry toward exploring the correlation between structural and electrochemical properties.
Facility design and worker justice: COVID‐19 transmission in meatpacking plants
Authors: Lou Jiehong , Borjigin Sachraa , Tang Connie , Saadat Yalda , Hu Ming , Niemeier Deb A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMeatpacking plants were major sources of COVID‐19 outbreaks, posing unprecedented risks to employees, family members, and local communities. The effect on food availability during outbreaks was immediate and staggering: within 2 months, the price of beef increased by almost 7% with documented evidence of significant meat shortages. Meatpacking plant designs, in general, optimize on production; this design approach constrains the ability to enhance worker respiratory protection without reducing output.MethodsUsing agent‐based modeling, we simulate the spread of COVID‐19 within a typical meatpacking plant design under varying levels of mitigation measures, including combinations of social distancing and masking interventions.ResultsSimulations show an average infection rate of close to 99% with no mitigation, 99% with the policies that US companies ultimately adopted, 81% infected with the combination of surgical masks and distancing policies, and 71% infected with N95 masks and distancing. Estimated infection rates were high, reflecting the duration and exertion of the processing activities and lack of fresh airflow in an enclosed space.ConclusionOur results are consistent with anecdotal findings in a recent congressional report, and are much higher than US industry has reported. Our results suggest current processing plant designs made rapid transmission of the virus during the pandemic's early days almost inevitable, and implemented worker protections during COVID‐19 did not significantly affect the spread of the virus. We argue current federal policies and regulations are insufficient to ensure the health and safety of workers, creating a justice issue, and jeopardizing food availability in a future pandemic.
Delayed onset of impaired consciousness complicated with ketoacidosis after disulfiram overdose
Authors: Kakimoto Kohei , Hikone Mayu , Sugiyama Kazuhiro 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe report a case of disulfiram overdose that caused a delayed onset of impaired consciousness and ketoacidosis.Case presentationA 61‐year‐old man was transferred to our hospital following a suicide attempt. The patient lost consciousness after an overdose of disulfiram and brotizolam. He was diagnosed with acute drug intoxication and was intubated. On day 2, he showed an improved consciousness response and was successfully extubated. On day 5, the state of consciousness worsened again, and ketoacidosis progressed. The patient required hemodialysis and suffered from impaired consciousness for the following 2 weeks. Eventually, he recovered gradually and was discharged to the rehabilitation ward.ConclusionsThe delayed appearance of symptoms after the disulfiram overdose was thought to be related to the slow metabolism of disulfiram in the body. Our case suggests the necessity of careful follow‐up for delayed impaired consciousness.
Enhanced Phase Estimation in Parity‐Detection‐Based Mach–Zehnder Interferometer using Non‐Gaussian Two‐Mode Squeezed Thermal Input State
Authors: Kumar Chandan , Rishabh  , Arora Shikhar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWhile the quantum metrological advantages of performing non‐Gaussian operations on two‐mode squeezed vacuum (TMSV) states have been extensively explored, similar studies in the context of two‐mode squeezed thermal (TMST) states are severely lacking. This paper explores the potential advantages of performing non‐Gaussian operations on TMST state for phase estimation using parity detection‐based Mach–Zehnder interferometry and compares it with the TMSV case. To this end, a realistic photon subtraction, addition, and catalysis model is considered. A unified Wigner function of the photon subtracted, photon added, and photon catalyzed TMST state is derived, which is used to obtain the expression for the phase sensitivity. The results show that performing non‐Gaussian operations on TMST states can enhance the phase sensitivity for significant squeezing and transmissivity parameter ranges. Because of the probabilistic nature of these operations, it is of utmost importance to consider their success probability. When the success probability is considered, the photon catalysis operation performed using a high transmissivity beam splitter is the optimal non‐Gaussian operation. This contrasts with the TMSV case, where photon addition is observed as the most optimal. Further, the derived Wigner function of the non‐Gaussian TMST states will be useful for state characterization and various quantum protocols.