bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
1662 PILOT TESTING OF A BRIEF PRE-CONSULTATION MEDICINES ADHERENCE SCREENER IN A GERIATRIC OUTPATIENT SETTING
Authors: Stevenson J M , Chapman S , Ibrahim A , Ibrahim T , Syed N , Weinman J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Introduction
In older adults, medicines non-adherence is prevalent and harmful. Current methods of identification have limitations with direct questioning often being met with a reluctance to “admit” non-adherence to healthcare professionals. The Making Medicines Work for You screener has been developed to support patients and clinicians identify and discuss adherence issues in a clinical setting. This study aimed to pilot the screener and identify barriers to medication adherence in an unspecified geriatric outpatient population.

Method
Patients attending the Older Person’s Assessment Unit at a large London teaching hospital between June – October 2022 completed the 7-item paper-based screener, with the support of a carer or researcher where necessary. Descriptive analysis was used to determine the incidence and type of barriers to adherence. Associations and correlations between the screener and existing measure of adherence and medicines beliefs were assessed using Chi square and Spearman’s Rank, respectively.

Results
Of 245 patients approached, 226 consented to participate: 120 (53.1%) male; mean age 78.3 years (SD 6.7 years). 64 (28.3%) reported having someone help with their medicines and 67 (29.6%) used a multicompartment compliance aid. 193 barriers were reported: 115 (50.9%) identified at least one barrier to adherence (median 1, range 0-5). “I’ve found my own way to use my medicines” (n=53, 27.5%) and “I sometimes forget to take my medicines” (n=45, 23.3%) were the most frequently reported barriers. The screener demonstrated strong association with MARS5 (p&lt;0.001), and moderate correlations with the MARS5 (r -0.34, p&lt;0.001) and BMQ Concerns (r 0.29, p&lt;0.001).

Conclusion
Despite support with medication being common, half of the participants reported barriers to medication adherence. The high rate of completion, strong association and moderate correlation with existing adherence measures suggest that the screener may have value in this setting. Further work is required to explore the barriers identified and develop appropriate interventions.
1618 A SURVEY OF ATTITUDES TOWARDS PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND ACCEPTABILITY OF REMOTE PHYSIOTHERAPY FOR PEOPLE WITH PARKINSON’S DISEASE
Authors: Chadborn N , Beckhelling J , Skelly R , Lindop F , Brown L , Gordon A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Introduction
People who have recently been diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease (PD) may do less physical activity than the general population because of PD symptoms or loss of confidence. We have developed a remote physiotherapy intervention for which we are running an ongoing feasibility trial. To gain a broader understanding of attitudes to physical activity and physiotherapy, we surveyed people with early PD in UK. We also sought views on use of digital technology and receiving teleconsultations with health practitioners.

Method
We developed a questionnaire which was distributed on paper to local Parkinson’s UK groups, and online which was distributed via Parkinson’s UK media and more broadly via social media. The online questionnaire was hosted by JISC Online Surveys. The initial filter question asked whether the respondent was diagnosed within the previous 4 years and was resident in UK. We received n valid responses online and n valid paper responses. In terms of demographics, the most frequent age category was 60-69 years, with just over half being male (53%). Respondents of diverse ethnicities were 1.7% of the total sample.

Results
For physical activity, the majority of participants reported a high or average level of physical activity, with only 11% reporting a low level. The majority of participants reported that regular exercise was extremely or very important for keeping well with PD. When asked about barriers to being active, the most common response was apathy (36%), followed by difficulties due to PD symptoms and feeling exhausted. These barriers may be amenable to physiotherapy intervention, and we asked participants about their experience of physiotherapy. 44% reported that they had never had physiotherapy for PD; the remainder ranged from single assessment to more than one course of physiotherapy.
A qualitative study exploring the experiences and needs of people living with young onset dementia related to driving cessation: ‘It’s like you get your legs cut off’
Authors: Scott Theresa L , Rooney Donna , Liddle Jacki , Mitchell Geoffrey , Gustafsson Louise , Pachana Nancy A 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
driving disruptions have significant impact on individuals living with dementia, their care partners and family members. Previous studies show that for older people with dementia, stopping driving is one of the hardest things that they cope with. To date, no studies exist that address the expressed needs and experiences of people living with young onset dementia (YOD) who are adjusting to life without driving, whose needs are not well understood and whose needs might be expected to differ from those of older people with dementia.

Methods
a multi-perspective, qualitative descriptive phenomenological approach was undertaken. A topic guide was developed in consultation with lived experience experts. In-depth interviews (n = 18) with 10 people with YOD and eight family caregivers were conducted, to elicit lived experiences in relation to changing and cessation of driving. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed using a hybrid approach, employing deductive and inductive coding.

Results
core findings reflected the impact and coping strategies employed by people with YOD and their care partners across four themes: (i) losses and burdens, (ii) the unique challenges of YOD, (iii) coping and adjustment and (iv) how to meet needs.

Conclusions
driving disruptions often come at a time when people living with YOD are likely to have significant financial and family commitments, or they/their partners may be employed or raising a family, negatively impacting individual’s roles and self-identities. Intervention to support emotional and practical adjustment and reduce social isolation is essential for coping.
Breast Augmentation: A Cross-Sectional Survey of UK and Irish Aesthetic Surgeons
Authors: Jabir Shehab , Vadodaria Shailesh , Nugent Nora , Sankar Thangasamy Kathiresan 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Breast augmentation surgery is the most frequently performed aesthetic surgical procedure within the United Kingdom year on year. However, many variations exist among surgeons regarding various aspects of implant usage and technique.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to evaluate current trends and practices in breast augmentation, within the United Kingdom and correlate them to evidence-based literature.

Methods
An electronic survey of 41 questions was sent to 201 surgeons performing breast augmentation within the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland. The survey inquired about the surgeons themselves, their practice, implant choice, surgical technique, post-op care, revision surgery, and impact of breast implant–associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma among several other questions.

Results
There were a total of 166 respondents, with 146 completing the survey fully, equaling a response rate of approximately 73%. Overall, there were specific trends in certain aspects such as type of practice, number of augmentations performed per surgeon per year, preferred implant manufacturer, and implant characteristics. That said, there has been a change in other aspects such as implant texture with an increase in the use of smooth implants. The United Kingdom and Ireland concur with certain internationally dominant practice preferences, including the use of inframammary incisions and post-op bra use.

Conclusions
This survey suggests that many aspects of breast augmentation surgery in the United Kingdom are approaching standardization. There are, however, some variations in practice and controversies remaining as expected. It is our belief that further standardizing this very common aesthetic surgical procedure according to evidence-based guidelines will help to improve outcomes for patients.
The association between Staphylococcus aureus colonization on cheek skin at 2 months and subsequent atopic dermatitis in a prospective birth cohort
Authors: Rinnov Maria Rasmussen , Gerner Trine , Halling Anne-Sofie , Liljendahl Mie Sylow , Ravn Nina Haarup , Knudgaard Mette Hjorslev , Trautner Simon , Skov Lone , Thomsen Simon Francis , Egeberg Alexander , Jakasa Ivone , Kezic Sanja , Petersen Andreas , Larsen Anders Rhod , Dam-Nielsen Casper , Jarløv Jens Otto , Thyssen Jacob P 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Staphylococcus aureus may worsen already established atopic dermatitis (AD), but its primary role in the aetiopathogenesis and severity of AD is unclear.

Objectives
To compare the prevalence of S. aureus colonization in early infancy in children who developed AD during the first 2 years of life with children who did not.

Methods
In this prospective birth cohort study, which included 450 infants, we analysed bacterial swabs collected from cheek skin at 0 and 2 months of age. The development of AD, and its severity, was diagnosed by a physician and monitored prospectively for 2 years. Information on parental atopy, filaggrin gene mutation status and use of antibiotics and emollients was included in the analyses.

Results
At birth, the occurrence of S. aureus colonization was similar in infants who developed subsequent AD and those who did not. At 2 months of age, S. aureus colonization was more common in children who later developed AD (adjusted hazard ratio 1.97, 95% confidence interval 1.21–3.19; P = 0.006). No association was found between S. aureus colonization and AD severity or age at onset.

Conclusions
It remains unknown whether colonization with S. aureus may directly increase the risk of AD, or whether it should be considered as secondary to skin barrier impairment or a skewed immune activity, but according to our findings, S. aureus colonization is more commonly increased at 2 months of age in children who later developed AD.
Association Between Duration of SARS-CoV-2 Positivity and Long COVID
Authors: Pozzi Chiara , Sarti Riccardo , Levi Riccardo , Mollura Maximiliano , Azzolini Elena , Barbieri Riccardo , Mantovani Alberto , Rescigno Maria 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
In an observational study, we analyzed 1293 healthcare workers previously infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), of which 34.1% developed postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (also known as long COVID). Using a multivariate logistic regression model, we demonstrate that the likelihood of developing long COVID in infected individuals rises with the increasing of duration of infection and that 3 doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine are protective, even during the Omicron wave.
Sedation and shivering management after cardiac arrest
Authors: Geller Bram J , Maciel Carolina B , May Teresa L , Jentzer Jacob C 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Management of sedation and shivering during targeted temperature management (TTM) after cardiac arrest is limited by a dearth of high-quality evidence to guide clinicians. Data from general intensive care unit (ICU) populations can likely be extrapolated to post-cardiac arrest patients, but clinicians should be mindful of key differences that exist between these populations. Most importantly, the goals of sedation after cardiac arrest are distinct from other ICU patients and may also involve suppression of shivering during TTM. Drug metabolism and clearance are altered considerably during TTM when a low goal temperature is used, which can delay accurate neuroprognostication. When neuromuscular blockade is used to prevent shivering, sedation should be deep enough to prevent awareness and providers should be aware that this can mask clinical manifestations of seizures. However, excessively deep or prolonged sedation is associated with complications including delirium, infections, increased duration of ventilatory support, prolonged ICU length of stay, and delays in neuroprognostication. In this manuscript, we review sedation and shivering management best practices in the post-cardiac arrest patient population.
Post-myocardial infarction ventricular septal defect closure with Gore Cardioform atrial septal defect occluder to improve tissue interactions: case report
Authors: Hribernik Ines , Bentham James R 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Gore Cardioform Atrial Septal Defect Occluder (GCA) is composed of a platinum-filled nitinol wire frame covered with expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE). This makes the device highly occlusive and resistant to residual shunts through the device, as well as conforming well to the surrounding anatomy. In defects with poor rims to hold a device for closure or where one of the ‘rims’ is the free wall of the left ventricle, such as in a post-infarct apical ventricular septal defect (VSD), successful closure with standard nitinol mesh devices can be unachievable.

Case summary
We present the occlusion of a post-myocardial infarction VSD with a GCA device in a critically ill patient at risk for closure failure and intravascular haemolysis with conventional nitinol mesh devices. The device conformed well to the anatomy even in the absence of an apical interventricular septum.

Discussion
GCA can be used for intracardiac high-velocity shunts in selected cases where conventional devices are unsuitable due to haemolysis or poor tissue and poor rims. With growing experience using GCA for the closure of atrial septal defects, interventionists should consider the potential advantages of ePTFE material and apply them to other lesions where these could be beneficial for patients.
Successful surgical repair of adult anomalous origin of the left main coronary artery from the pulmonary artery syndrome complicated by severe mitral regurgitation: a case report
Authors: Saito Tetsuya , Kawamura Masashi , Toda Koichi , Miyagawa Shigeru 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
The number of diagnosed cases of anomalous origin of the left main coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) in adults has increased substantially because of modern advances in non-invasive cardiac imaging. Here, we report successful surgical repair in an adult patient with ALCAPA complicated by severe mitral regurgitation (MR) and persistent atrial fibrillation.

Case summary
ALCAPA syndrome was detected in a 65-year-old Asian woman with persistent atrial fibrillation by coronary computed tomographic angiography. An echocardiogram revealed severe MR caused by annular dilation, atrial enlargement, and posterior mitral leaflet tethering. In addition to ALCAPA repair, mitral valve repair and Cox-Maze IV cryoablation were performed. Mitral valve repair was performed using augmentation with an autologous pericardial patch in the posterior leaflet and ring annuloplasty.

Discussion
Because the mechanism of MR with ALCAPA in an adult varies by comorbidity, mitral valve repair should be performed according to the valvular and subvalvular morphologies. It is essential to develop strategies that provide adequate myocardial protection during the surgical treatment of ALCAPA considering coronary steal and non-coronary collateral blood flow.
Composite haemangioendothelioma in the heart: a case report
Authors: Schaeffer Thibault , Glatz Katharina , Eckstein Friedrich S , Matt Peter 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Primary cardiac neoplasm is rare and generally benign. Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma, a potentially malignant tumour of vascular origin, has been occasionally described in the heart. Composite haemangioendothelioma, characterized by a heterogeneous architecture of vascular components and usually located in soft tissue of the extremities, has only been reported twice in the heart. We herein report another case of this extremely uncommon cardiac tumour.

Case summary
Comprehensive cardiac examination of a 59-year-old female patient with palpitations and personal history of Hodgkin’s lymphoma and chest radiation revealed a mass in the left atrium. After surgical resection, histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis identified a composite haemangioendothelioma. After two years, repeated imaging revealed neither signs of local relapse nor metastasis.

Conclusions
Composite haemangioendothelioma, a very uncommon form of potentially malignant vascular tumour, can also be encountered in the heart. In this present case, the outcome was favourable two years after surgical resection without adjuvant therapy.
Proposal of names for 329 higher rank taxa defined in the Genome Taxonomy Database under two prokaryotic codes
Authors: Chuvochina Maria , Mussig Aaron J , Chaumeil Pierre-Alain , Skarshewski Adam , Rinke Christian , Parks Donovan H , Hugenholtz Philip 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
The Genome Taxonomy Database (GTDB) is a taxonomic framework that defines prokaryotic taxa as monophyletic groups in concatenated protein reference trees according to systematic criteria. This has resulted in a substantial number of changes to existing classifications (https://gtdb.ecogenomic.org). In the case of union of taxa, GTDB names were applied based on the priority of publication. The division of taxa or change in rank led to the formation of new Latin names above the rank of genus that were only made publicly available via the GTDB website without associated published taxonomic descriptions. This has sometimes led to confusion in the literature and databases. A number of the provisional GTDB names were later published in other studies, while many still lack authorships. To reduce further confusion, here we propose names and descriptions for 329 GTDB-defined prokaryotic taxa, 223 of which are suitable for validation under the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes (ICNP) and 49 under the Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes described from Sequence Data (SeqCode). For the latter, we designated 23 genomes as type material. An additional 57 taxa that do not currently satisfy the validation criteria of either code are proposed as Candidatus.
Discordant Biological and Chronological Age: Implications for Cognitive Decline and Frailty
Authors: Shaaban C Elizabeth , Rosano Caterina , Zhu Xiaonan , Rutherford Bret R , Witonsky Kailyn R , Rosso Andrea L , Yaffe Kristine , Brown Patrick J 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
Older adults with discordant biological and chronological ages (BA and CA) may vary in cognitive and physical function from those with concordant BA and CA.

Methods
To make our approach clinically accessible, we created easy-to-interpret participant groups in the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study (N = 2 458, 52% female participants, 65% White participants, age: 73.5 ± 2.8) based on medians of CA, and a previously validated BA index comprised of readily available clinical tests. Joint models estimated associations of BA–CA group with cognition (Modified Mini-Mental State Examination [3MS] and Digit Symbol Substitution Test [DSST]) and frailty over 10 years.

Results
The sample included the following: 32%, Young group (BA and CA &lt; median); 21%, Prematurely Aging group (BA ≥ median, CA &lt; median), 27%, Old group (BA and CA ≥ median), and 20%, Resilient group (BA &lt; median, CA ≥ median). In education-adjusted models of cognition, among those with CA &lt; median, the Prematurely Aging group performed worse than the Young at baseline (3MS and DSST p &lt; .0001), but among those with CA ≥ median, the Resilient group did not outperform the Old group (3MS p = .31; DSST p = .25). For frailty, the Prematurely Aging group performed worse than the Young group at baseline (p = .0001), and the Resilient group outperformed the Old group (p = .003). For all outcomes, groups did not differ on change over time based on the same pairwise comparisons (p ≥ .40).

Conclusions
Discordant BA and CA identify groups who have greater cognitive and physical functional decline or are more protected than their CA would suggest. This information can be used for risk stratification.
Association of Dietary Live Microbes and Nondietary Prebiotic/Probiotic Intake With Cognitive Function in Older Adults: Evidence From NHANES
Authors: Tang Haoxian , Zhang Xuan , Luo Nan , Huang Jingtao , Zhu Yanqiao 
Published: July 2023

Abstract

Background
The current study aims to examine association of dietary live microbes and nondietary prebiotic/probiotic intake with cognitive function among older U.S. adults, examining heterogeneity across demographic characteristics and diseases.

Methods
Participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2014 cycles were selected and administered 3 cognitive function tests: the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer’s Disease Word Learning subtest (CERAD W-L, including immediate [CERAD-IRT] and delayed [CERAD-DRT] memory), the Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Test-specific and global cognition z-score was created. Based on their estimated dietary live microbes intake, participants were categorized into three groups: low, medium, and high. Text mining was employed to identify nondietary prebiotic/probiotic usage by examining the names and ingredients of dietary supplements or drugs.

Results
Participants in the medium (including AFT) and high (including global cognition, AFT, DSST, and CERAD-IRT) dietary live microbes intake group had significantly higher z-score of cognitive function compared to those in the low intake group. Among participants with cardiovascular disease history, nondietary prebiotic intake was associated with higher z-score in global cognition and CERAD-DRT compared to those who did not consume prebiotic. Additionally, probiotic intake was linked to higher z-score in global cognition, AFT, and DSST, particularly in participants with diabetes mellitus or hypertension.

Conclusions
Our study suggests that the intake of dietary live microbes and nondietary probiotic/prebiotic was associated with better cognitive function in older adults, particularly in specific disease states.