bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Distribution of Dalbulus maidis (DeLong) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) and incidence of maize rayado fino virus and Candidatus Phytoplasma asteris in corn succession planting systems
Authors: da Cunha Tiago Garcia , Veloso Ronnie Von dos Santos , de Araújo Matheus Miller Mesquita , Tavares Luciano Gabriel , Ribeiro Luiz Fernando Borges , Tormen Gislaine Pacheco , Campos Diogo Santos , Picanço Marcelo Coutinho , Lopes Everaldo Antônio , Pereira Renata Ramos , Soares Marcus Alvarenga , da Silva Ricardo Siqueira 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDCorn is one of the main crops grown globally to produce food for human consumption and animal feed, including raw materials for bioenergy. Effective pest management is critical for the economic viability of corn production. The leafhopper Dalbulus maidis and the diseases transmitted by it have become relevant to corn production. Our study aimed to determine environmental parameters that affect D. maidis populations and the impacts of pathogen dispersion on corn productivity under different rotation systems and sowing seasons.RESULTSThe population density of leafhoppers found in the studied crops was low but capable of establishing the diseases and spreading them widely in the crops. The leafhopper's highest occurrence was in the corn vegetative development stage, and its population peaks were earlier in the corn off‐season. The incidence of maize rayado fino virus and maize bushy stunt phytoplasma were higher in corn off‐season than in the growing season. The incidence of diseases was higher in the final stages of the cultivation cycle. Yield losses were significantly higher for maize bushy stunt phytoplasma and not significant for maize rayado fino virus.CONCLUSIONOur study observed that corn's physiological stage was the main factor influencing D. maidis dynamics. The occurrence of D. maidis at low densities was sufficient to ensure the efficient transmission and dissemination of maize rayado fino virus and maize bushy stunt phytoplasma, which had a higher incidence in the reproductive stage and the corn sowed off‐season. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Comparative phosphoproteomics analysis provides insights into the responses of Chilo suppressalis to sublethal chlorantraniliprole exposure
Authors: Meng Xiangkun , Guan Daojie , Zhang Nan , Jiang Heng , Jiang Chengyun , Ge Huichen , Wei Jiaping , Wang Jianjun , Qian Kun 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDSublethal exposure to insecticides causes changes in insect behaviors and physiologies including feeding, mobility, communication, hormone homeostasis, development and fecundity, however, the underlying molecular mechanisms were largely unclear. Our previous studies revealed that sublethal chlorantraniliprole exposure disturbed the hormone homeostasis, reduced the weight and longevity and prolonged the developmental duration of Chilo suppressalis. In the present study, the potential phosphorylation modification regulation mechanisms in C. suppressalis in response to sublethal chlorantraniliprole exposure were explored using comparative and quantitative phosphoproteomics.RESULTSA total of 2640 phosphopeptides belonging to 1144 phosphoproteins were identified, among which 446 phosphopeptides derived from 303 unique phosphoproteins were differentially phosphorylated between the chlorantraniliprole‐treated and control larvae. The phosphorylation levels of differentially phosphorylated phosphopeptides were further validated using parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). Functional classification and protein–protein interaction of the differentially phosphorylated proteins (DPPs) were analyzed. Generalized analysis of the DPPs and the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in our previous study showed that sublethal chlorantraniliprole exposure significantly changed the transcription and phosphorylation levels of genes/proteins associated with carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, cytoskeleton, signal transduction, transcription, translation and post‐translational modification, leading to the dysfunctions of energy metabolism, transcription regulation, protein synthesis and modification, and signal transduction in C. suppressalis. Further analysis of the phosphorylation motifs in DPPs revealed that the MAPKs, CDKs, CaMK II, PKA, PKC and CK II protein kinases might be directly responsible for the phosphoproteomics response of C. suppressalis to chlorantraniliprole treatment.CONCLUSIONOur results provide abundant phosphorylation information for characterizing the protein modification in insects, and also provide valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of insect post‐translational modifications in response to sublethal insecticide exposure. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Robust inference for nondestructive one‐shot device testing under step‐stress model with exponential lifetimes
Authors: Balakrishnan Narayanaswamy , Castilla Elena , Jaenada María , Pardo Leandro 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOne‐shot devices analysis involves an extreme case of interval censoring, wherein one can only know whether the failure time is either before or after the test time. Some kind of one‐shot devices do not get destroyed when tested, and so can continue within the experiment, providing extra information for inference, if they did not fail before an inspection time. In addition, their reliability can be rapidly estimated via accelerated life tests (ALTs) by running the tests at varying and higher stress levels than working conditions. In particular, step‐stress tests allow the experimenter to increase the stress levels at prefixed times gradually during the life‐testing experiment. The cumulative exposure model is commonly assumed for step‐stress models, relating the lifetime distribution of units at one stress level to the lifetime distributions at preceding stress levels. In this paper, we develop robust estimators and Z‐type test statistics based on the density power divergence (DPD) for testing linear null hypothesis for nondestructive one‐shot devices under the step‐stress ALTs with exponential lifetime distribution. We study asymptotic and robustness properties of the estimators and test statistics, yielding point estimation and confidence intervals for different lifetime characteristic such as reliability, distribution quantiles, and mean lifetime of the devices. A simulation study is carried out to assess the performance of the methods of inference developed here and some real‐life data sets are analyzed finally for illustrative purpose.
Machine learning approach for the prediction of the number of sulphur atoms in peptides using the theoretical aggregated isotope distribution
Authors: Agten Annelies , Claesen Jurgen , Burzykowski Tomasz , Valkenborg Dirk 
Published: February 2023

RationaleThe observed isotope distribution is an important attribute for the identification of peptides and proteins in mass spectrometry–based proteomics. Sulphur atoms have a very distinctive elemental isotope definition, and therefore, the presence of sulphur atoms has a substantial effect on the isotope distribution of biomolecules. Hence, knowledge of the number of sulphur atoms can improve the identification of peptides and proteins.MethodsIn this paper, we conducted a theoretical investigation on the isotope properties of sulphur‐containing peptides. We proposed a gradient boosting approach to predict the number of sulphur atoms based on the aggregated isotope distribution. We compared prediction accuracy and assessed the predictive power of the features using the mass and isotope abundance information from the first three, five and eight aggregated isotope peaks.ResultsMass features alone are not sufficient to accurately predict the number of sulphur atoms. However, we reach near‐perfect prediction when we include isotope abundance features. The abundance ratios of the eighth and the seventh, the fifth and the fourth, and the third and the second aggregated isotope peaks are the most important abundance features. The mass difference between the eighth, the fifth or the third aggregated isotope peaks and the monoisotopic peak are the most predictive mass features.ConclusionsBased on the validation analysis it can be concluded that the prediction of the number of sulphur atoms based on the isotope profile fails, because the isotope ratios are not measured accurately. These results indicate that it is valuable for future instrument developments to focus more on improving spectral accuracy to measure peak intensities of higher‐order isotope peaks more accurately.
Long‐Term Stability, Biocompatibility, and Magnetization of Suspensions of Isolated Bacterial Magnetosomes
Authors: Mickoleit Frank , Jörke Cornelia , Richter Reinhard , Rosenfeldt Sabine , Markert Simon , Rehberg Ingo , Schenk Anna S. , Bäumchen Oliver , Schüler Dirk , Clement Joachim H. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMagnetosomes are magnetic nanoparticles biosynthesized by magnetotactic bacteria. Due to a genetically strictly controlled biomineralization process, the ensuing magnetosomes have been envisioned as agents for biomedical and clinical applications. In the present work, different stability parameters of magnetosomes isolated from Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense upon storage in suspension (HEPES buffer, 4 °C, nitrogen atmosphere) for one year in the absence of antibiotics are examined. The magnetic potency, measured by the saturation magnetization of the particle suspension, drops to one‐third of its starting value within this year—about ten times slower than at ambient air and room temperature. The particle size distribution, the integrity of the surrounding magnetosome membrane, the colloidal stability, and the biocompatibility turn out to be not severely affected by long‐term storage.
Empowering college students: UDL, culturally responsive pedagogy, and mindset as an instructional approach
Authors: Gentile Amber L. , Budzilowicz Mary 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter provides actionable strategies through the description of a crosswalk model explicitly connecting Universal Design for Learning, Culturally Responsive Pedagogy, and Mindset. The influences of Social Emotional Learning and Trauma Informed Practices are explored.
Introduction: EU Urban Initiatives as Integrated Multi-level Policy Mixes—Policy Levels, Policy Dimensions and Added Values of Integrated Local Strategies from a Comparative Perspective
Authors: Navarro Yáñez Clemente J. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis chapter proposes to study urban initiatives implemented in the framework of the EU cohesion policy as integrated urban multi-level policy mixes. The first section details the main policy level and dimensions of these policies and analytical ideas about their relationship based on policy sector and policy integration perspectives. The second section applies this analytical framework to the so-called urban dimension of the cohesion policy, proposing some insights into its multi-scalar comparative analyses based on policy frame changes, member state’s institutional contexts and local settings. The third section specifies the central added value expected from EU integrated urban initiatives and research already done about this issue. Lastly, the fourth section briefly presents some of the major traits of EU urban initiatives applied in Spain, introducing the main research questions and empirical corpus analysed in this book.
The Impact of the URBAN Initiative: On Residential Mobility and ‘Contextual Exposure’ to EU-Integrated Urban Development Strategies
Authors: Navarro Yáñez Clemente J. , Fernández-García Manuel , Domínguez-González Alicia 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPrevious evaluations of integrated area-based initiatives have shown moderate effects on residents’ living conditions and, therefore, neighbourhood socioeconomic composition. This chapter sustains this could be explained by residential mobility in targeted neighbourhoods: according to the ‘neighbourhood revitalisation’ frame of policy analysed, impacts should be more evident among ‘stayers’ residents who have been exposed to the project implementation. This idea is studied by performing two analyses: all residents and only ‘stayers’ residents. Both apply a repeated measurement with control groups design to analyse the change in unemployment rates, educational attainment, and socioeconomic status in experimental and control neighbourhoods. The analysis controlling by contextual exposure, including only stayers residents, shows a better impact than the analysis including all residents. Therefore, in addition to contrafactual selection according to programme eligibility criteria, impact studies should consider residential mobility as a confounding factor regarding the impact of area-based policy actions on targeted territories providing policy evidence for the debate between urban revitalisation and state-led gentrification theses on area-based initiatives.
Euphorias! Positive Feelings Within Negative Conditions
Authors: Jones Tiffany 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPeople within marginal gender, sex, and sexuality groups are mostly framed within conservative psycho-medical research, or critical empowerment literature. In both literatures, their framing has negative aspects either negating their bodies, identities, health, or function, or positioning within discriminatory contexts. Resisting deficit-based framings, this book uses the concept ‘euphoria’ to investigate when, why, and how marginal gender, sex, and sexuality groups have positive experiences of their diverse variations. These positive experiences appear to occur within, and even in part due or at least in relation to, marginal groups’ repressive and disordering contexts and marginalisation itself. This chapter supplies an overview of the different literatures on euphoria. It relates this work to information on dysphoria. It then supplies an outline of the chapters of the book.
The Scientific Background to Our Own Empirical Study
Authors: Tausch Arno 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we amply debate the contributions on “political Islam” in the leading peer-reviewed journals of social science. We discuss contributions by Francois Burgat, but also Jocelyne Cesari, John Esposito, Gilles Kepel and Oliver Roy clearly outline which important value patterns the adherents of political Islam represent (five items from the Arab Barometer) and which political movements and governments of countries are to be assigned to the extension of the phenomenon. Of special importance is the study by Harvard Professor Melanie Cammett (Cammett et al., 2020), which deals explicitly with political Islam and political values in the Arab world using data from the Arab Barometer. The empirical analyses of Cammett et al. (2020), use longitudinal data from the Arab Barometer as well as data from the World Values Survey 2015. We also debate the contributions by such authors as Fox et al. (2016), Achilov (2016); as well as empirical contributions by Driessen (2018), Kucinskas and Van Der Does (2017); a highly interesting Iranian paper, authored by Rahbarqazi and Mahmoudoghli (2020); and the Tessler (2010), study. All these studies were very valuable in the formation of our own empirical research.
Influencing Factors for Users’ Privacy and Security Protection Behavior in Smart Speakers: Insights from a Swiss User Study
Authors: Ebbers Frank , Karaboga Murat 
Published: February 2023

AbstractSmart speakers pose several risks to security and privacy, which users can counter with protective measures. This paper investigates the factors contributing to the adoption of protective measures by smart speaker users. Using survey data from Swiss participants, we first captured four different combinations of users with (no) concerns and (no) measures. We then used six factors to examine which of these influence protective behavior. Our findings reveal that whether or not protective measures are taken is affected by the usage context, usage duration, gender, opinion toward emotion recognition, and reasons for acquisition, but not by model/manufacturer, age and education level. With our results, we want to contribute to the ongoing discussion about influencing factors on concerns and protective measures, using the smart speaker domain as an example.
INTERPLAST-Germany—adapting to global plastic surgery
Authors: Borsche Andre´ 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background
INTERPLAST, Inc. was founded in 1969 by plastic surgeons in Stanford, CA, to create a financial basis through donations to operate foreign patients at Stanford or send surgical teams to developing countries. With the same financial effort, 50 to 100 times more patients can be operated on locally than in a hospital at home. Stanford’s example was appealing to many plastic surgeons worldwide, who founded similar INTERPLAST NGOs in their own countries.

Methods
A literature review revealed worldwide humanitarian actions of INTERPLAST teams, whose annual effectiveness is comparable to the operation numbers of large plastic surgery departments. Six patients with complex facial deformities requiring multiple surgical interventions were selected for temporary stay and operations in Germany.

Results
Repeated missions at the same hospitals with training of local surgeons have increased significantly compared to earlier “parachute missions.” Microsurgical procedures for free flaps with magnifying glasses are now possible for the experienced even in hospitals in developing countries. The most efficient medical aid in the future will be the expansion and establishment of departments or hospitals in developing countries supported or maintained by partner hospitals in our home country.

Conclusions
Operations of humanitarian plastic surgeons in developing countries are becoming increasingly difficult. Local health authorities require temporary surgical permits, customs offices try to clear surgical material and look at expiration dates of medicines, and pandemics complicate planning of INTERPLAST missions. It therefore seems increasingly necessary to go as single teacher, training engaged local surgeons and assisting operations. The alternative is inviting local surgeons to Western hospitals and introducing them to the basic skills of plastic surgery and empathy with the poor. However, the lack of recognition of medical degrees from all developing countries remains a problem for their training in Europe.
Level of evidence: Level V, risk/prognostic
Understanding immunity: an alternative framework beyond defense and strength
Authors: Zach Martin , Greslehner Gregor P. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn this paper we address the issue of how to think about immunity. Many immunological writings suggest a straightforward option: the view that the immune system is primarily a system of defense, which naturally invites the talk of strong immunity and strong immune response. Despite their undisputable positive role in immunology, such metaphors can also pose a risk of establishing a narrow perspective, omitting from consideration phenomena that do not neatly fit those powerful metaphors. Building on this analysis, we argue two things. First, we argue that the immune system is involved not only in defense. Second, by disentangling various possible meanings of ‘strength’ and ‘weakness’ in immunology, we also argue that such a construal of immunity generally contributes to the distortion of the overall picture of what the immune system is, what it does, and why it sometimes fails. Instead, we propose to understand the nature of the immune system in terms of contextuality, regulation, and trade-offs. We suggest that our approach provides lessons for a general understanding of the organizing principles of the immune system in health and disease. For all this to work, we discuss a wide range of immunological phenomena.
A Dual Probabilistic Discounting Approach to Assess Economic and Environmental Impacts
Authors: Nesticò Antonio , Maselli Gabriella , Ghisellini Patrizia , Ulgiati Sergio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe growing environmental concerns require the characterization of decision support methods that can guide analysts towards more sustainable investment choices. Therefore, in theex-anteeconomic evaluations of investments with environmental repercussions, it is of rising interest to give the “right” value to the non-monetary effects in the long term. In this regard, conventional discounting procedures—based on constant rates—are inadequate to evaluate intergenerational environmental effects. With this research we propose an innovative model for estimating discount rates to be used in the Cost–Benefit Analysis (CBA) of projects with long-term environmental effects. The model is based on a two-goods extension of the Ramsey formula, according to which the rate at which environmental impacts are discounted is different from the rate at which monetary benefits are discounted. Compared to the Ramsey model, we propose time-declining functions of the two discount rates to assess the long-run effects of investment projects. To characterize the model, we consider the macroeconomic risk, or we assume that the variable “GDP growth rate” is a stochastic variable. Furthermore, since we propose discount rates to evaluate public projects in line with sustainable development goals, we express environmental quality as a function of the Environmental Performance Index (EPI). Based on the proposed model, we estimate for the first time declining consumption discount rates and declining environmental discount rates for Italy based on empirical data. The estimates of the two discount rates for Italy shows that the environmental discount rate is lower than the consumption one: in fact, the first one starts from a value of 3.0% and arrives at 0.4% after 300 years; while the second one starts from 0.7% and reaches 0.3% at the end of the considered time horizon. The result highlights the importance of estimating country-specific dual and declining discount rates. These discount rates allow appropriate weights to be given to all investment impacts, and therefore also to environmental impacts, compared to conventional discounting.
The irresponsibility of not using AI in the military
Authors: Meerveld H. W. , Lindelauf R. H. A. , Postma E. O. , Postma M. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe ongoing debate on the ethics of using artificial intelligence (AI) in military contexts has been negatively impacted by the predominant focus on the use of lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS) in war. However, AI technologies have a considerably broader scope and present opportunities for decision support optimization across the entire spectrum of the military decision-making process (MDMP). These opportunities cannot be ignored. Instead of mainly focusing on the risks of the use of AI in target engagement, the debate about responsible AI should (i) concern each step in the MDMP, and (ii) take ethical considerations and enhanced performance in military operations into account. A characterization of the debate on responsible AI in the military, considering both machine and human weaknesses and strengths, is provided in this paper. We present inroads into the improvement of the MDMP, and thus military operations, through the use of AI for decision support, taking each quadrant of this characterization into account.