bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’actualisation des connaissances médicales en ophtalmologie. L’exemple d’une pratique de veille dans un contexte de tension
Authors: Clavier Viviane 
Published: June 2023

Cet article évoque les pratiques de veille d’un médecin spécialiste destinées à actualiser ses connaissances. Il s’appuie sur le témoignage d’un ophtalmologiste exerçant en libéral qui rapporte 24 années d’une expérience de veille soutenue dans des revues scientifiques et professionnelles. S’inscrivant dans la continuité des études sur les pratiques informationnelles réalisées en sciences de l’information et de la communication, l’étude montre les spécificités de cette pratique qui accorde plus d’importance à la production de documents secondaires, des résumés synthétiques et codifiés destinés à accompagner au plus près la pratique médicale, tout en tenant compte de l’évolution des connaissances en ophtalmologie.
Un climat de compétition : le changement climatique comme économie politique dans la fiction spéculative, 1889-1915
Authors: Asselin Steve 
Published: June 2023

Cet article démontre de quelle manière le premier foyer d’importance de la fiction sur le changement climatique à la fin du xixe et au début du xxe siècles intègre déjà le climat dans une rhétorique économique qui considère la politique climatique comme une compétition à somme nulle entre des nations rivales. Dans la fiction spéculative de cette période, le changement climatique est principalement la conséquence de projets de géo-ingénierie humaine à grande échelle visant à transformer le monde. Des exemples de ce changement climatique anthropique délibéré se trouvent dans des textes de Jules Verne, Mark Twain et George Griffith. Les écrivains de science-fiction ont trouvé plusieurs manières de monétiser des aspects de la nature qui ne l’avaient pas encore été, comme le climat, en tant que ressources pour l’économie de marché ; l’accès aux ressources, par la suite, est devenu une part de l’équilibre économique et politique du pouvoir entre les entités étatiques. Des intrigues visant à perturber, contrôler, et monopoliser le climat ont été conceptualisées comme des plans capitalistes grandioses capables de provoquer des dégâts collatéraux considérables ; pourtant beaucoup de ces romans présentent la géo-ingénierie comme une entreprise louable opérant dans le cadre d’un intérêt économique légitime. Par ailleurs, plusieurs récits transforment carrément le temps météorologique en arme et convertissent le changement climatique en une puissance militaire, présentant le même genre de stratégie de fuite technologique qui définit une course à l’armement. L’économie des premières fictions du changement climatique présage, et nous conditionne potentiellement, à voir le climat comme une ressource pour laquelle il faut se battre.
De l’imaginaire des retombées au Bunker Bildungsroman : l’imaginaire nucléaire après l’utopie
Authors: Banerjee Anindita 
Published: June 2023

En utilisant deux concepts issus des œuvres de Tarkovskij et d’Aleksievič (Stalker et La Supplication. Tchernobyl, chronique du monde après l’apocalypse), celui de réduction d’échelle du nucléaire en termes à la fois spatiaux et temporels, et celui de fiction contaminée, cet article étudie le phénomène Métro 2033. À travers les structures et les capacités des narrations transmédiatiques, Métro 2033 transforme l’imaginaire des retombées en un récit nouveau, produit et réalisé de manière collective, qui sera ici nommé « Bunker Bildungsroman », favorisant l’hyperlecture et les récits émergents des participants eux-mêmes. Cette interprétation multidirectionnelle et dialogique à la croisée des mondes nucléaires possibles issus du réel, de l’imaginaire, du vécu ou d’extrapolations fait du Bunker Bildungsroman un puissant manuel d’exploration.
Désenchanter l’habitat spatial : environnements artificiels et mondes sans nature dans Aurora (K. S. Robinson), Shangri-La (M. Bablet) et Nos Temps contraires (G. Toriko)
Authors: Gambin Gatien 
Published: June 2023

Le roman Aurora (Kim Stanley Robinson, 2019 [2015 aux États-Unis]), la bande dessinée Shangri-La (Mathieu Bablet, 2016) et le manga Nos temps contraires (Kimi o Shinasenai tame no Monogatari, Gin Toriko, 2020-2022 [2017-2021 au Japon]) constituent un corpus qui utilise l’habitat spatial comme décor. Ces fictions s’inscrivent dans un imaginaire et une iconographie des habitats spatiaux alimentés notamment par l’ouvrage The High Frontier de Gerard K. O’Neill (1977) illustré par Donald E. Davis qui présentèrent l’habitat spatial comme un lieu utopique. À travers une analyse comparée des trois œuvres, nous montrerons qu’elles renversent cet imaginaire. Toutes les trois présentent les habitats spatiaux non plus comme des lieux utopiques ou comme des plans B pour la survie de l’humanité, mais comme des environnements limités dont on souhaite s’échapper. Aurora postule un environnement « astropastoral » (Brad Tabas, 2021) pour questionner la relation de l’humain à son habitat, naturel et artificiel. Shangri-La et Nos temps contraires postulent des mondes sans nature pour accentuer le caractère dystopique de leurs récits. Les trois œuvres participent aussi de l’« esthétique des limites » propre à l’Anthropocène théorisée par Tommasio Guariento. Elle se manifeste en particulier dans le corpus à travers deux motifs : la contemplation de la Terre et le retour sur Terre. Ainsi, à travers le décor de l’habitat spatial, ce corpus questionne avant tout la condition terrestre de l’humanité à l’ère des angoisses écologiques.
Penser le Cthulhucène et son géotraumatisme : le cas Cyclonopedia de Reza Negarestani
Authors: Richert Fabien 
Published: June 2023

Dans Cyclonopedia : Complicity with Anonymous Materials (2008) du philosophe iranien Reza Negarestani, des concepts de Gilles Deleuze et Félix Guattari croisent les divinités cosmiques imaginées par H. P. Lovecraft, d’occultes reliques zoroastriennes expliquent l’imaginaire de science-fiction horrifique de John Carpenter, et ce, pour y développer une hypothèse des plus extravagantes : le pétrole, « entité tellurique » emprisonnée dans les profondes couches et formations géologiques, a longuement attendu pour se libérer des profondeurs de la terre et se répandre dans l’atmosphère. L’œuvre de Negarestani présente le pétrole comme le réel sujet de l’histoire, l’humanité y figurant donc comme son hôte, la révolution industrielle comme son point de non-retour. L’allure ésotérique et la sophistication de l’argumentaire, sur fond de théories du complot, entraînent le lecteur dans un délire paranoïaque marqué par une conspiration fomentée à une échelle quasi-cosmique : la combustion du pétrole, considérée comme une étape fondamentale de son propre « agenda satanique », constitue le moment-clef à partir duquel il pourra se répandre dans l’atmosphère. Le capitalisme étendu à une échelle mondiale figure alors comme la solution la plus adéquate à une combustion ininterrompue des énergies fossiles. Dans cet article, nous aimerions réfléchir aux apports de l’œuvre de Negarestani dans le domaine des fictions climatiques. Nous commencerons par présenter sa dimension géophilosophique avant de revenir plus en détail sur son imaginaire qui délire un monde sous l’emprise d’une entité maléfique. Nous montrerons par la suite en quoi Cyclonopedia se présente comme fiction climatique spéculative qui adopte une perspective néomatérialiste inspirée de la démarche du réalisme spéculatif.
Effects of the Co-Administration of Morphine and Lipopolysaccharide on Toll-Like Receptor-4/Nuclear Factor Kappa β Signaling Pathway of MDA-MB-231 Breast Cancer Cells
Authors: Kafami Marzieh , Vaseghi Golnaz , Haghjooy Javanmard Shaghayegh , Mahdavi Manijeh , Dana Nasim , Esmalian-Afyouni Nazgol , Gohari Ali 
Published: June 2023

Background:
The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene promotes migration in adenocarcinoma cells. Morphine is an agonist for TLR4 that has a dual role in cancer development. The promoter or inhibitor role of morphine in cancer progression remains controversial. This study aims to evaluate the effects of morphine on the TLR4, myeloid differentiation primary response protein 88-dependent (MyD88), and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expressions in the human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line.

Materials and Methods:
The cells were examined after 24 hours of incubation with morphine using the Boyden chamber system. TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB mRNA expressions were assessed using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The concentration of interleukin-2 beta was also measured using the ELISA assay.

Results:
According to the findings, three doses of morphine (0.25, 1.25, and 0.025 μM) increased the expression of the TLR4 and NF-κB genes, whereas no significant change was observed in the mRNA expression of MyD88. Furthermore, treatment with morphine and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) significantly decreased the expression of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB. However, no significant change was observed in interleukin 2 beta concentration.

Conclusions:
These findings confirmed the excitatory effects of morphine on TRL4 expression and the MYD88 signaling pathway in vitro.
The Effect and Safety of Olanzapine on Nausea and Vomiting in Children Receiving Moderately Emetogenic Chemotherapy
Authors: Eghbali Aziz , Bagherloo Tahereh , Ghasemi Ali , Afzal Roghayeh R. , Eghbali Aygin , Ghaffari Kazem 
Published: June 2023

Background:
In order to improve the complete recovery of nausea and vomiting, we conducted a study with the aim of preventing acute and delayed nausea and vomiting in children undergoing moderate emetogenic chemotherapy.

Materials and Methods:
A clinical trial study was done on 130 children received chemotherapy. Patients received olanzapine and placebo. All groups received granisetron along with dexamethasone (DEX). The severity of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) induced by chemotherapy was compared in two groups.

Results:
The severity of nausea on the first, second, third, and fourth days was not significantly different (P > .05) in two groups. The number of patients without vomiting was significantly different during the first 24 hours after chemotherapy between patients in the two groups (82.3% vs 64.5%; P = .016).

Conclusion:
This study showed that olanzapine, which acts as an inhibitor of neurotransmitters, had a favorable efficacy in controlling acute and delayed CINV. More studies with large sample size are needed to compare the effect of olanzapine with other agents including aprepitant and palonosetron in the prevention of CINV.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Coagulopathy Caused by the New Coronavirus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol
Authors: Abbasian Sadegh , Razmi Mahya , Bahramian Hadiseh , Shanbehzadeh Mostafa , Kazemi-Arpanahi Hadi 
Published: June 2023

Background:
The new coronavirus is an agent of respiratory infections associated with thrombosis in vital organs. This study aimed to propose a better diagnosis and treatment of coagulation disorders caused by the new coronavirus (Covid-19).

Materials and Methods:
Search in Cochrane central, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Ovid will be done. Also, according to the inclusion criteria, cross-sectional studies, cohort, clinical trial, and case-control will be included without gender and language restriction. Participants will also be Covid-19 patients with coagulation disorders. Any disagreement in the stages of screening, selection, and extraction of data between the two reviewers will be resolved by discussion, then if not resolved, the opinion of expert reviewers will be used. The risk of bias will be assessed using the NOS (Newcastle–Ottawa scale) tool for cross-sectional study, cohort and case-control, and the Cochrane checklist for clinical trials study. Metaanalysis of included studies that are similar based on the methodology will be done. Also, a fixed or random-effect model will be used for this it. Heterogeneity indices (I2), odds ratio (OR), risk ratio (RR), mean difference, and %95 confidence interval will also be calculated by Stata V.13.0 (Corporation, College Station TX).

Results:
Treatment with anticoagulants will reduce the severity of thrombosis and lung disease in patients. D-dimer measurement will also be a diagnosis indicator of thrombosis.

Conclusions:
Simultaneous study of coagulation disorders and thrombosis in patients and development of a Godliness based on it will play a treatment role in the follow-up of the coronavirus disease.
Evaluation of adherence with lung-protective ventilator strategies in moderate-to-severe acute respiratory distress syndrome in a tertiary care setup in India: A prospective observational study
Authors: Singh Simran J. , Fonseca Alex Jude , Rajyaguru Spandan 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of mechanical ventilation settings is a cornerstone of the early phase of the management of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). This study aimed to evaluate the adherence to currently recommended lung-protective ventilator strategies (tidal volume, plateau pressure, driving pressure, prone positioning, and positive end-expiratory pressure [PEEP]) for adults with moderate-to-severe ARDS in a tertiary care setup, thereby evaluating if lung-protective ventilation is associated with improved outcomes.

Methods:
This was an observational study over 1 year in ventilated moderate-to-severe ARDS participants. All participants were mechanically ventilated when required using the protocol followed by the ARDS Network low-tidal volume lung-protective ventilation strategy and monitored.

Results:
The total number of participants in the study was 32. Septic shock was the most common cause of ARDS. The mean duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay was 6.13 (±5.4) days, mean ventilator days were 3.66 (±3.75) days and mortality rate of 71.8%.Adherence to low-tidal volume was 78.12% with an improvement of 36% in the adherent group (P = 0.06). Adherence to high PEEP was 34.38% with a survival of 73% in the adherent group (P = 0.0004). Adherence to prone ventilation was 18.75% with a survival of 33% in the adherent group (P = 0.7).

Conclusion:
Intensivists should take an extra effort to focus on evidence-based ventilator strategies and increase adherence to these recommendations in their ICUs to improve patient survival.
Effect of a pharmacist-based toxicology consult service on appropriate use of intravenous N-acetylcysteine for acetaminophen toxicity: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Summerlin Jonathan A , Wang Kellie M , McMahon Andre J , Lund Jeremy A 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTBackground:Incorporating clinical pharmacists on the medical team has been associated with fewer medication errors and increased error interception. Due to the logistical complexities of the intravenous (IV) N-acetylcysteine (NAC) regimen for acetaminophen toxicity, many opportunities for medication errors exist. A pharmacist-based toxicology consultation service was implemented at our institution, allowing pharmacists to formally aid in the management of toxicology patients throughout their hospital admission, including those with acetaminophen toxicity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a house-wide pharmacist-based toxicology consult service on errors associated with IV NAC treatment for patients admitted with acetaminophen toxicity.Methods:A retrospective, pre–post cohort study was conducted on patients who received IV NAC for acetaminophen toxicity. The intervention evaluated was the implementation of a pharmacist-based toxicology consult service, known as the pharmacy toxicology team. The primary end point was the incidence of an error associated with IV NAC. An error was defined as the composite of inappropriate dose, administration rate, initiation, continuation, or discontinuation.Results:Eighty-four patients were included; 30 patients in the pregroup, and 54 patients in the postgroup. Fewer patients experienced an error in the postgroup compared to the pregroup (30% vs 63%,P= 0.003).Conclusion:The implementation of this unique pharmacist-based toxicology consult service was associated with fewer patients experiencing an error related to IV NAC therapy for acetaminophen toxicity. Application of this data may aid in the justification for development of clinical pharmacist-based toxicology consult services at other institutions.
Assessment of Parents’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices Regarding Self-Medication for their Child’s Dental Problems during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey
Authors: Shaji Sheba Mariam , Issac Jyoti Sumi , Girija Parvathy , Arjun D. S. , Siddik A. J. , Ashmi A. 
Published: June 2023

Background:
Self-medication (SM) refers to taking medicine without consultation with a doctor or dentist, and it is an important health issue, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aims to evaluate parents’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding SM for their children’s dental problems during the COVID-19 pandemic in Kollam district, Kerala, India.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional survey was carried out in the Public Health Center at Kollam District. A questionnaire which consists of 20 questions was given among a total of 108 parents who agreed to participate in the study. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel data sheet and were analyzed using SPSS for Windows (Statistical Presentation System Software, SPSS Inc.) version 17.0. Continuous data were represented as mean and standard deviation.

Results:
The majority of parents (n = 108, 82.4%) practiced SM for their children’s dental problems. Analgesics were the most commonly used medicines by parents in their SM and mainly SM was done for tooth pain. The current study also showed that most parents who practiced SM thought it was difficult to access health-care providers mainly due to COVID-19 and 63% of people said that their SM practice increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Conclusion:
The prevalence of SM practices for children’s dental problems is high in Kerala during the COVID-19 pandemic. Teledentistry might be a useful tool to overcome problems related to the SM of children during times when the ability to reach health-care providers is limited, during pandemics.
Clinical evaluation and assessment of laser irradiation on the stability of orthodontic implant - A prospective experimental study
Authors: Shehare Namrata , Daokar Suchita , Ghunawat Dhananjay , Kaurani Harsha 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
Currently, orthodontic implants have reached a peak where they are considered a dependable modality to provide temporary supplemental anchoring in orthodontic therapy. When absolute anchoring is a necessity or in cases of minimally cooperative patients, these devices can help manage skeletal anchorage. However, its failure is a serious multi-factorial issue that happens during orthodontic treatment. The stability of the mini-implant is crucial to the outcome of orthodontic intervention. Approaches to increasing the stability of the mini-implant were researched. Hence, this study was carried out to compare and contrast and clinically assess the integrity of orthodontic implants over time.

Subjects and Methods:
Split mouth technique of treatment was carried out on 16 patients, i.e., one side of the mandible was considered as the experimental group (implant site irradiated with laser after placement), and the other was considered as the control side (implant site not irradiated with laser). Titanium mini-implants of the dimensions 1.5 mm diameter and 6 mm length were employed in the present study. They were positioned in the inter radicular space between the first molar and second premolar in the mandibular posterior region, 7 mm apical to the alveolar crest. During the whole process, the laser utilized was a multimode GaAs diode laser with a wavelength of 980 nm. It had 0.5–10 W output power which was adjustable with the frequency of 1–20 kHz and its main body input voltage was DC12 to further analyze the stability of the implant which in turn would aid in success assessment, the resonance frequency concept was utilized. The readings were recorded (T0) after insertion, (T1) 24 h after insertion, (T2) 2 weeks after insertion, (T3) 4 weeks after insertion, (T4) 6 weeks after insertion, and (T5) 8 weeks after insertion. The higher the implant stability quotient values the greater the stability and hence the optimal loading time.

Results:
The test employed for statistical analysis was Mann–Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis, and analysis of variance test. After analysis of all the readings, it was found that low-level laser therapy has a significant role in the stability of orthodontic mini-implant.

Conclusion:
The findings from this study suggest that low-level laser irradiation at the time of implant placement controls the inflammatory reaction around the implant and improves its stability.
Apexification of the mineral trioxide aggregate in nonvital immature anterior teeth with and without platelet-rich plasma: A preliminary clinical study
Authors: Mishra Navin , Narang Isha , Iqbal Md. Jawed , Singh Priyankar , Singh Nimmi , Pranab Ashish 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Treatment of permanent teeth with weak root dentin, exposed apex, necrotic pulp, periapical disease, and stunted root growth present a significant challenge to the practicing conservative dentistry. Necrotic immature permanent teeth with open apices are arduous to seal by thermo-plasticized or lateral condensation methods. Apexification methods have traditionally used a variety of materials including calcium hydroxide, biodentine, and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Calcium hydroxide apexification takes a long time to develop an apical barrier and contains large pores, resulting in inadequate sealing ability and a bad outcome. MTA is a biomimetic and bio-inductive substance that has been employed to construct a single-step apical barrier in immature open apices with and without periapical pathology. Endodontic in this 21st century uses regenerative procedures in a nonvital, immature tooth with wide-open apices but it is also a very lengthy procedure and poor patient compliance due to slow biologic healing and long-term follow-up of the patients. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) contains various growth factors such as platelet-derived growth factors and transforming growth factors and has been proposed as a potentially ideal scaffold for accelerated wound healing.

Aims and Objectives:
To evaluate and compare the clinical and radiographic outcome of MTA apexification with and without PRP in periapical healing kinetics in nonvital, immature teeth.

Materials and Methods:
An analysis was performed on patient with immature teeth, open-apex, maxillary front nonvital that were randomly divided into two groups of eighteen patients (eighteen roots permanent upper anterior) each: Group I in which MTA apexification was performed without PRP and Group II consisting of 18 roots where MTA apexification were carried out on a collagen sponge supplemented with PRP.

Results:
The cases were followed up at 6 months and 12 months after treatment, both clinically and radiographically, by two independent assessors. Periapical healing (PAH) was good in 6–18 roots, and in Group I-11 roots showed excellent healing. In Group II-17 roots showed excellent results. Case number 18 and case number 9 were lost to follow-up due to migration to groups I and II, respectively. Apical closure was 100% in Group II and 77% in Group I.

Conclusions:
Single-step MTA apexification with PRP is a conservative and effective method for inducing PAH and is time-saving in managing nonvital, immature teeth with an open apex.