bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sturge–Weber syndrome: Updates in pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment
Authors: Valery Chelsea B. , Comi Anne M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesWe summarize the current knowledge of Sturge–Weber syndrome (SWS) including genetic involvement, difficulties in diagnosis, symptoms caused by the vascular malformations, treatments, and future areas of research.MethodsPubMed searches were completed between October and December of 2022 including the following search terms: Sturge–Weber neuroimaging, Sturge–Weber ocular involvement, Sturge–Weber G‐protein alpha q subunit (GNAQ), Sturge–Weber presymptomatic treatment, and Sturge–Weber quantitative EEG. Clinically relevant articles and case reports were reviewed and summarized, with emphasis placed on reports from the last 20 years.ResultsLiterature suggests that early identification of brain involvement is essential for optimal medical care. Infants with a port‐wine birthmark on the forehead, temple, or eyelids are at risk for SWS brain and eye involvement. Neuroimaging findings include leptomeningeal enhancements, cortical calcifications, and brain atrophy, and diagnosis requires magnetic resonance imaging with and without contrast. Before 1 year of age, neuroimaging has low sensitivity and may underestimate the extent of involvement; imaging after 1 year of age is needed to exclude brain involvement. The most common underlying cause for SWS is a somatic mosaic mutation inGNAQ. Neurological symptoms include seizures, stroke or stroke‐like episodes, headaches, and cognitive deficits. Recommended treatment for SWS brain involvement includes aggressive seizure control with antiepileptic medications; low‐dose aspirin is also frequently but not universally utilized. Current literature suggests that children with SWS may benefit from presymptomatic treatment; further study of this approach is ongoing.ConclusionsSWS is a rare neurovascular disorder usually signaled by a facial port‐wine birthmark. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment may improve outcomes.
Automatic performance tuning using the ATMathCoreLib tool: Two experimental studies related to dense symmetric eigensolvers
Authors: Kobayashi Masato , Hirota Yusuke , Kudo Shuhei , Hoshi Takeo , Yamamoto Yusaku 
Published: June 2023

SummaryWe consider automatic performance tuning of dense symmetric eigenvalue problems using ATMathCoreLib, which is a library to assist automatic tuning. We deal with two problems, namely, automatic code selection for the symmetric generalized eigenvalue problem in distributed‐memory parallel environments and automatic parameter tuning in tridiagonalization of dense symmetric matrices on multicore processors. As for the first problem, numerical experiments show that ATMathCoreLib can choose the fastest solver for a given computing environment and problem size quickly even if the fluctuation in the execution time is as high as 40%. As for the second problem, ATMathCoreLib was able to select nearly optimal combinations of the algorithm and its parameter reliably and efficiently for various computing environments and matrix sizes. The performance of auto‐tuning was further enhanced by incorporating a user‐provided execution‐time model into ATMathCoreLib.
Comparison of the marginal and internal fit of PMMA interim crowns printed with different layer thicknesses in 3D‐printing technique
Authors: Hasanzade Mahya , Yaghoobi Negin , Nematollahi Parsa , Ghazanfari Rezvaneh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this in vitro study was to compare the effect of printing layer thickness on the marginal and internal fit of interim crowns.Material and methodsA maxillary first molar model was prepared for ceramic restoration. Thirty‐six crowns were printed with three different layer thicknesses using a digital light processing‐based three‐dimensional printer (25, 50, and 100 µm [LT 25, LT 50, and LT 100]). The marginal and internal gaps of the crowns were measured with replica technique. An analysis of variance was conducted to determine if there were significant differences between the groups (ɑ = .05).ResultsThe marginal gap of LT 100 group was significantly higher than that LT 25 (p = .002) and LT 50 groups (p ≤ .001). The LT 25 group has significantly larger axial gaps than LT 50 group (p = .013); however, there were no statistically significant differences between other groups. The LT 50 group showed the smallest axio‐occlusal gap. The mean occlusal gap differed significantly by printing layer thickness (p ≤ .001), with the largest gap occurring for LT 100.ConclusionsProvisional crowns printed with 50 µm layer thickness provided the best marginal and internal fit.Clinical significanceIt is recommended that provisional crowns be printed with a 50 µm layer thickness to ensure optimal marginal and internal fit.
A low power external capacitor‐less low drop‐out regulator with low over/undershoot voltage and high PSR
Authors: Ahmadi Mohammad , Ebrahimi Emad 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThis paper presents a new architecture for improving power supply rejection (PSR) and load transient response in a capacitor‐less low drop‐out (LDO) voltage regulator. In the proposed architecture, inserting a leading path from the power supply to the gate of the pass transistor keeps the pass transistor gate‐source voltage constant in the presence of the supply voltage ripples that results in the PSR enhancement of the LDO. In addition, by using a frequency compensation technique, the amount of undershoot and overshoot voltages in the presence of a sudden change of load current are reduced. Because of the creation of a zero in the LDO's transfer function, the effect of non‐dominant pole on the phase of LDO is reduced, and a 58° phase margin is achieved without any off‐chip capacitor. As reducing the power consumption as much as possible increases the battery life, therefore, in addition to using the current‐reused technique, the transistors of control circuit are biased in the subthreshold region. The proposed regulator with a total of only 3.1 pF on‐chip capacitor is designed and simulated in 180 nm complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology for an output regulated voltage of 1.6 V and a load current of 50 μA to 50 mA. Post‐layout simulation results show that the proposed circuit with an active area of 0.0145 mm2 and the input voltage of 1.8 to 2.4 V has only 1.504 μW power dissipation and −80 and −64 dB PSR at 1 and 10 kHz frequencies, respectively.
Prmt5 deficient mouse B cells display RNA processing complexity and slower colorectal tumor progression
Authors: Zhou Bingqian , Chen Ningdai , Chen Zheyi , Chen Shiyu , Yang Junyao , Zheng Yingxia , Shen Lisong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractProtein arginine methyltransferase 5 (Prmt5) is essential for normal B‐cell development; however, the roles of Prmt5 in tumor‐infiltrating B cells in tumor therapy have not been well elucidated. Here, we revealed that CD19‐cre‐Prmt5fl/fl (Prmt5cko) mice showed smaller tumor weights and volumes in the colorectal cancer mouse model; B cells expressed higher levels of Ccl22 and Il12a, which attracted T cells to the tumor site. Furthermore, we used direct RNA sequencing to comprehensively profile RNA processes in Prmt5 deletion B cells to explore underline mechanisms. We found significantly differentially expressed isoforms, mRNA splicing, poly(A) tail lengths, and m6A modification changes between the Prmt5cko and control groups. Cd74 isoform expressions might be regulated by mRNA splicing; the expression of two novel Cd74 isoforms was decreased, while one isoform was elevated in the Prmt5cko group, but the Cd74 gene expression showed no changes. We observed Ccl22, Ighg1, and Il12a expression was significantly increased in the Prmt5cko group, whereas Jak3 and Stat5b expression was decreased. Ccl22 and Ighg1 expression might be associated with poly(A) tail length, Jak3, Stat5b, and Il12a expression might be modulated by m6A modification. Our study demonstrated that Prmt5 regulates B‐cell function through different mechanisms and supported the development of Prmt5‐targeted antitumor treatments.
Blue‐LED Synthesis of Pummerer's Ketones by Peroxidase‐Lignin‐Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of Substituted Phenols
Authors: Piccinino Davide , Ceccotti Vlas Natalia , Gabellone Sofia , Capecchi Eliana , Saladino Raffaele 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPummerer's ketones resembling the tricyclic scaffold of bioactive natural substances were synthesized by blue‐LED driven Horseradish Peroxidase oxidative coupling of substituted phenols in 2‐methyltetrahydrofuran by using meso‐tetraphenylporphyrin as photosensitizer and dioxygen as primary oxidant. The application of functionalized lignin nanoparticles as a renewable and efficient platform for the immobilization of the enzyme extended the effectiveness of the overall process to heterogeneous catalysis under buffer limiting conditions.
The pharmacological treatment of epilepsy in adults
Authors: Tomson Torbjörn , Zelano Johan , Dang Yew Li , Perucca Piero 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe pharmacological treatment of epilepsy entails several critical decisions that need to be based on an individual careful risk–benefit analysis. These include when to initiate treatment and with which antiseizure medication (ASM). With more than 25 ASMs on the market, physicians have opportunities to tailor the treatment to individual patients´ needs. ASM selection is primarily based on the patient's type of epilepsy and spectrum of ASM efficacy, but several other factors must be considered. These include age, sex, comorbidities, and concomitant medications to mention the most important. Individual susceptibility to adverse drug effects, ease of use, costs, and personal preferences should also be taken into account. Once an ASM has been selected, the next step is to decide on an individual target maintenance dose and a titration scheme to reach this dose. When the clinical circumstances permit, a slow titration is generally preferred since it is associated with improved tolerability. The maintenance dose is adjusted based on the clinical response aiming at the lowest effective dose. Therapeutic drug monitoring can be of value in efforts to establish the optimal dose. If the first monotherapy fails to control seizures without significant adverse effects, the next step will be to gradually switch to an alternative monotherapy, or sometimes to add another ASM. If an add‐on is considered, combining ASMs with different modes of action is usually recommended. Misdiagnosis of epilepsy, non‐adherence and suboptimal dosing are frequent causes of treatment failure and should be excluded before a patient is regarded as drug‐resistant. Other treatment modalities, including epilepsy surgery, neuromodulation, and dietary therapies, should be considered for truly drug‐resistant patients. After some years of seizure freedom, the question of ASM withdrawal often arises. Although successful in many, withdrawal is also associated with risks and the decision needs to be based on careful risk–benefit analysis.
Quantitative reconstruction of competing sources reveals spatial heterogeneity and complex aeolian–fluvial interactions in the Horqin Sandy Land, NE China
Authors: Wu Peng , Xie Yuanyun , Kang Chunguo , Chi Yunping , Wang Yehui , Sun Lei , Wei Zhenyu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe provenance and aeolian–fluvial interaction are essential for understanding the formation and evolution of sandy land. However, the dune sediment source in the Horqin Sandy Land (HQSL), the largest semi‐stable sandy land in China, has been debated. Here, we collected 900 coarse (i.e., >63 μm) and 750 fine (i.e., <63 μm) detrital zircon (DZ) grains from surface sand in different spatial locations for U–Pb age analysis. The visual comparison largely shows remarkably similar zircon age characteristics throughout the HQSL, and the quantitative results of the inverse Monte Carlo modelling show the primary detrital contribution of the Central Asian orogenic belt (~50.5%–61.3%) to the HQSL. In contrast, the southeast of the HQSL is characterized by the absolute dominance of the North China Craton (~75.8%). The DZ age spectra in the western and northern HQSL are extremely similar but significantly different from the south, indicating the spatial heterogeneity of the HQSL. The DZ ages are largely unaffected by particle size sorting, except in the southeastern HQSL (e.g., the dramatically different detrital contribution of the North China Craton to the fine [52.4%] and coarse fractions [75.8%]). We argue that the aeolian–fluvial interaction and the resulting sedimentary sorting and recycling are responsible for the DZ age characteristics of the HQSL. We confirm that the DZ ages of the HQSL are a faithful record of the tectonic‐magmatic events, for example, the North China Craton massif collision and collusion, the Paleo‐Asian Ocean subduction and closure, the Mongolian‐Okhotsk Ocean plate subduction and the paleo‐Pacific Ocean subduction and retreat. Finally, this study suggests that caution must be exercised in interpreting the paleoclimatic record and the aeolian deposit source investigations due to the spatial heterogeneity and the complex wind‐fluvial interactions in the HQSL.
Daily tourism forecasting through a novel method based on principal component analysis, grey wolf optimizer, and extreme learning machine
Authors: Zhang Chuan , Hu Ao‐Yun , Tian Yu‐Xin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAccurate forecasting tourism demand is crucial for improving the economic benefits of tourist attractions, but it is a challenging task. In this paper, we propose an effective daily tourism forecast model, principal component analysis‐grey wolf optimizer‐extreme learning machine (PCA‐GWO‐ELM), based on Baidu index data, holiday data, and weather data. Our model uses PCA to reduce the dimensionality of the data and employs the GWO to optimize the number of neural networks in the hidden layer of the ELM model, improving its forecast performance. We conduct an empirical study using the collected tourist data of Mount Siguniang. The results show that the proposed hybrid forecasting model outperforms other models in daily tourism demand forecasting, making it a potential candidate method for practitioners and researchers studying tourism demand forecasting.
Promotion effect of Co addition on the activity and SO2 tolerance of CrCe catalysts for selective catalytic reduction of NOx with NH3 at middle–low temperatures
Authors: Zeng Gai , Wei Ninghan , Hu Xiaomei , Zhao Cheng , Yun Junge , Chen Zimo , Zheng Han , Xiao Liping , Chen Zhihang 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundNitrogen oxides (NOx) can result in a series of environmental issues (haze, photochemical smog and acid rain) that endanger human health. Currently, selective catalytic reduction (SCR) of NOx with ammonia (NH3‐SCR) has been considered to be one of the most efficient techniques to eliminate NOx.ResultsNovel Co‐modified chromium/cerium (CrCe) catalysts were synthesized by the citric acid method to improve their insufficient SCR activity and sulfur dioxide (SO2) resistance for NOx removal at middle–low temperatures. Cobalt (Co) addition could significantly increase the catalytic activity of CrCe catalysts, and the 5CoCrCe catalyst exhibited the highest catalytic activity with ≤95% NOx conversion and >80% N2 selectivity within 180–280 °C. In addition, the 5CoCrCe catalyst exhibited outstanding SO2 resistance as well as reversibility, with >90% NO conversion under 600 ppm SO2 for 510 min.ConclusionIt was determined by characterizations that Co addition can increase SSA, Cr6+ concentration, electron transfer between Co and Cr by redox cycle (Cr6+ + 4Co2+ ↔ 4Co3+ + Cr2+) and the redox properties of the CrCe catalyst. The 5CoCrCe catalyst surface consists mainly of Lewis acid and its NH3‐SCR reactions follows the Eley–Rideal (E–R) mechanism. The 5CoCrCe catalyst exhibited outstanding SO2 resistance due to higher Cr3+, Ce3+ and Oα concentrations and strong redox cycles (3Ce4+ + Cr3+ ↔ 3Ce3+ + Cr6+ and Cr6+ + 3Co2+ ↔ 3Co3+ + Cr3+). Furthermore, in situ DRIFTS results revealed that SO2 could induce more adsorbed NOx and NH3 species instead of bulk sulfate, which also was responsible for good SO2 resistance. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Creating an ultra‐sensitive detection platform for monkeypox virus DNA based on CRISPR technology
Authors: Jiang Tong , Li Ge , Liu Runde , Zhou Jin , Gao Nana , Shen Jilu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe recent major worldwide outbreak of monkeypox virus (MPXV) has highlighted the urgent need for accurate MPXV detection methods. Although quantitative PCR (qPCR) technique is currently the gold standard for MPXV diagnosis, the high costs associated with the technique and the need for complex instrumentation, limits its application in resource‐poor settings. CRISPR technology has developed rapidly in recent years and provides an effective tool for point‐of‐care testing pathogen identification. Here, we exploited the cleavage properties of the Cas12a enzyme and Cas13a enzyme, to detect the MPXV specific genes, F3L gene and B6R gene, respectively. We developed two detection protocols: a 2‐step method in which the CRISPR Dual System reaction and the multiplex recombinase polymerase amplification reaction were carried out in separate tubes and a single‐tube method in which both reactions were carried out in one tube. Evaluation of the two methods showed that our protocol can detect the MPXV genome down to 10° copies/μL with good specificity and no cross‐reactivity with other poxviruses pseudoviruses, and bacteria. Mock positive samples were used to assess clinical applicability, with the results showing satisfactory concordance with the qPCR method for parallel testing. In conclusion, our study provides a reliable molecular diagnostic strategy for detection of MPXV.
5‐Nitrobenzo[c][1, 2, 5]selenadiazole as therapeutic agents in the regulation of oxidative stress and inflammation induced by influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Guo Min , Chen Danyang , Zhao Mingqi , Xu Tiantian , Zhang Yingying , Xiao Misi , Li Yinghua , Zhu Bing 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCurrently, various problems are being faced in the treatment of influenza, so the development of new safe and effective drugs is crucial. Selenadiazole, an important component of selenium heterocyclic compounds, has received wide attention for its biological activity. This study aimed to verify the antiviral activity of 5‐nitrobenzo[c][1,2,5]selenadiazole (SeD‐3) in vivo and in vitro. The cell counting kit‐8 assay and observation of cytopathic effect verified that SeD‐3 could improve the survival of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09‐infected Madin–Darby canine kidney cells. Polymerase chain reaction quantification and neuraminidase assay showed that SeD‐3 could inhibit the proliferation of H1N1 virus. The time of addition assay demonstrated that SeD‐3 may have a direct effect on virus particles and block some stages of H1N1 life cycle after virus adsorption. Cell cycle, JC‐1, Annexin V, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) dUTP nick‐end labeling–4′,6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (TUNEL‐DAPI) assays showed that SeD‐3 inhibited H1N1 infection–induced apoptosis. Cytokine detection demonstrated SeD‐3 inhibited the production of proinflammatory factors after infection, including tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), TNF‐β, interferon‐γ, interleukin 12 (IL‐12), and IL‐17F. In vivo experiments suggested that the pathological damage in the lungs was significantly alleviated after treatment with SeD‐3 by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The TUNEL assay of lung tissues indicated that SeD‐3 inhibited DNA damage during H1N1 infection. Immunohistochemical assays were performed to further explore the mechanism that SeD‐3 inhibited H1N1‐induced apoptosis via reactive oxygen species‐mediated MAPK, AKT, and P53 signaling pathways. In conclusion, SeD‐3 may become a new potential anti‐H1N1 influenza virus drug due to its antiviral and anti‐inflammatory activity.
Adenovirus F41 infection and liver cytolysis in adult hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients
Authors: Lefeuvre Caroline , Thepot Sylvain , Mercier‐Delarue Séverine , Bouille Tiffany , Michonneau David , Le Goff Jérôme , Salmona Maud 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHuman adenoviruses (HAdVs) of the F species are commonly responsible for acute gastroenteritis. A few cases of systemic infections have been described in adults or children who have received a hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT), but with no report of liver cytolysis. Since January 2022, several countries have reported an increase in cases of acute hepatitis of unknown cause in children. Adenovirus species F type 41 (HAdV‐F41) infection was predominantly identified. The objective of this study is to describe HAdV‐F41 infections diagnosed since January 2022 in adult HSCT recipients in two French hospitals. All four patients had diarrhea and liver cytolysis at the time of diagnosis of infection. HAdV viremia was observed in three patients (#1, #3, and #4), but no disseminated disease was reported. HAdV whole genome sequencing and metagenomics characterization were performed on stool and blood samples. The complete HAdV‐F41 genome sequence was obtained for three patients and phylogenetic analysis showed that the strains consisted of similar lineage (2b). We did not identify any new HAdV‐F41 strains. Metagenomics analysis found adeno‐associated virus 2 and torque‐teno virus infection in patient #1 and Epstein–Barr virus in patient #4. This is the first case series reporting liver cytolysis during HAdV‐F41 infection in adult HSCT patients.
Molecular insights into α‐glucosidase inhibition and antiglycation properties affected by the galloyl moiety in (−)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate
Authors: Guan Qinhao , Tang Lihua , Zhang Liangliang , Huang Lixin , Xu Man , Wang Yuan , Zhang Meng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDDiabetes mellitus poses a substantial threat to public health due to rising morbidity and mortality. α‐Glucosidase is one of the key enzymes affecting diabetes. Herein, (−)‐epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG) and (−)‐epigallocatechin (EGC) were applied to clarify the role of the galloyl moiety of tea polyphenols in the inhibition of glycation and α‐glucosidase activity. The structure–activity relationship of the galloyl moiety in EGCG on α‐glucosidase was investigated in terms of inhibition kinetics, spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and molecular docking. A bovine serum protein–fructose model was employed to determine the effect of the galloyl moiety on glycation.RESULTSThe results indicated that the introduction of a galloyl moiety enhanced the capacity of EGCG to inhibit glycation and α‐glucosidase activity. The IC50 value of EGC is approximately 2400 times higher than that of EGCG. Furthermore, the galloyl moiety in EGCG altered the microenvironment and secondary structure of α‐glucosidase, resulting in a high binding affinity of EGCG to α‐glucosidase. The binding constant of EGCG to α‐glucosidase at 298 K is approximately 28 times higher than that of EGC.CONCLUSIONOverall, the galloyl moiety of EGCG plays a crucial role in inhibiting glycation and α‐glucosidase activity, which helps to enhance the molecular understanding of the structure and function of the polyphenol galloyl moiety in the science of food and agriculture. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.