bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Changes in Wavefront Error of the Eye for Different Accommodation Targets under the Application of Phenylephrine Hydrochloride
Authors: Mechó-García María , Blanco-Martínez Iñaki , Fernandes Paulo , Macedo-de-Araújo Rute J. , Faria-Ribeiro Miguel , González-Méijome José Manuel 
Published: March 2023

Pharmacological dilation of the eye to have a larger pupil diameter may allow a better understanding of the wavefront error changes with accommodation. This work aimed to investigate whether dilation of the pupil with Phenylephrine Hydrochloride (PHCl) application changes the accommodative response and the Zernike coefficient magnitude with accommodative demand when computed to a common pupil size. Sixteen right eyes of healthy young subjects were measured with the commercial Hartmann–Shack aberrometer IRX3 (Imagine Eyes, Orsay, France) 30 min after two drops of 1.0% PHCl were applied. The eye wavefronts for accommodative demands from 0 to 5 D were measured in natural conditions and after pupil dilatation. Statistically significant differences between both conditions were found for the Zernike coefficients C3−1, C31, C40 and C60. Without the effect of PHCl, higher values were found for all higher-order Zernike coefficients (HOA). With increased accommodative response, an increase of C3−1 and a decrease of C31 was observed and the C40 becomes more negative; the change from positive to negative is shown in the accommodative demand of 1.5 D. Conversely, C60 increases with increasing accommodative demand. To conclude, the results demonstrated that the mydriatic effect of PHCl causes changes in the magnitude of HOA when accommodation is stimulated. The trends observed in the different Zernike coefficients were the same reported in previous studies.
Association of strong opioids and antibiotics prescribing with GP burnout: a retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Hodkinson Alexander , Zghebi Salwa S , Kontopantelis Evangelos , Grigoroglou Christos , Ashcroft Darren M , Hann Mark , Chew-Graham Carolyn A , Payne Rupert A , Little Paul , de Lusignan Simon , Zhou Anli , Esmail Aneez , Panagioti Maria 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundPrescribing of strong opioids and antibiotics impacts patient safety, yet little is known about the effects GP wellness has on overprescribing of both medications in primary care.AimTo examine associations between strong opioid and antibiotic prescribing and practice- weighted GP burnout and wellness.Design and settingA retrospective cross-sectional study was undertaken using prescription data on strong opioids and antibiotics from the Oxford- Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre linking to a GP wellbeing survey overlaying the same 4-month period from December 2019 to April 2020.MethodPatients prescribed strong opioids and antibiotics were the outcomes of interest.ResultsData for 40 227 patients (13 483 strong opioids and 26 744 antibiotics) were linked to 57 practices and 351 GPs. Greater strong opioid prescribing was associated with increased emotional exhaustion (incidence risk ratio [IRR] 1.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.10 to 1.24), depersonalisation (IRR 1.10, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.16), job dissatisfaction (IRR 1.25, 95% CI = 1.19 to 1.32), diagnostic uncertainty (IRR 1.12, 95% CI = 1.08 to 1.19), and turnover intention (IRR 1.32, 95% CI = 1.27 to 1.37) in GPs. Greater antibiotic prescribing was associated with increased emotional exhaustion (IRR 1.19, 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.37), depersonalisation (IRR 1.24, 95% CI = 1.08 to 1.49), job dissatisfaction (IRR 1.11, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.19), sickness–presenteeism (IRR 1.18, 95% CI = 1.11 to 1.25), and turnover intention (IRR 1.38, 95% CI = 1.31 to 1.45) in GPs. Increased strong opioid and antibiotic prescribing was also found in GPs working longer hours (IRR 3.95, 95% CI = 3.39 to 4.61; IRR 5.02, 95% CI = 4.07 to 6.19, respectively) and in practices in the north of England (1.96, 95% CI = 1.61 to 2.33; 1.56, 95% CI = 1.12 to 3.70, respectively).ConclusionThis study found higher rates of prescribing of strong opioids and antibiotics in practices with GPs with more burnout symptoms, greater job dissatisfaction, and turnover intentions; working longer hours; and in practices in the north of England serving more deprived populations.
Symptom appraisal and help seeking in males with symptoms of possible prostate cancer: a qualitative study with an ethnically diverse sample in London
Authors: Shaw Ben , Walter Fiona M , Hamilton William , Martins Tanimola 
Published: March 2023

Background
Prostate cancer mortality in Black males is disproportionately high. This problem may be overcome by reducing delays in the pathway to diagnosis, particularly those occurring before initial medical help seeking. A greater understanding of symptom appraisal and help seeking could support the development of targeted interventions for improving early presentation among Black males.

Aim
To provide an in-depth understanding of males' pre-consultation experiences following the onset of symptoms of possible prostate cancer, identifying both general trends as well as potential differences that may exist between Black and White males.

Design and setting
Qualitative study of 18 males (nine Black, nine White) in London, UK, who had recently seen their GP with urinary symptoms, erectile dysfunction, or haematuria.

Method
Semi-structured interviews from a previous multi-methods study of primary care use by males with symptoms of possible prostate cancer were analysed using thematic framework analysis.

Results
Symptoms were often interpreted by patients as unimportant. Most delays occurred due to the absence of reasons to seek help, which, in Black males, often stemmed from poor awareness of prostate cancer. This lack of awareness could have been a consequence of their reluctance to seek health information and discuss health issues with others in their social network. Friends and relatives played an important role in symptom appraisal and help seeking.

Conclusion
Cognitive biases, cultural stigmas, and everyday interpersonal interactions should be important areas at which to target strategies seeking to reduce delays and improve early presentation in males with possible prostate cancer, particularly Black males.
La collection campanienne (Paris, BnF, lat. 11867). Réflexions sur la méthodologie d’édition des proses rythmées de la fin du Moyen Âge
Authors: Grévin Benoît 
Published: March 2023

La «collection campanienne» du ms. Paris, BnF, lat. 11867, recueil de
dictamina littéraires et politiques rédigés en Campanie dans les premières décennies du règne de Frédéric II (jusqu’en 1220), représente une source précieuse pour l’analyse de la pratique de l’ars dictaminis à un moment crucial de son développement, quand de nouvelles générations redéfinissent ses règles sous l’influence des pratiques élaborées à la Curie. L’état très dégradé des leçons du manuscrit, posant de nombreux problèmes de reconstitution, est l’occasion de proposer un certain nombre de restitutions alternatives qui soulèvent la question du rôle de l’analyse rythmique comme source d’appoint pour le travail philologique. reconstitution, est l’occasion de proposer un certain nombre de restitutions alternatives qui soulèvent la question du rôle de l’analyse rythmique comme source d’appoint pour le travail philologique.
Die Benennungen und Klassifikation der Hautkrankheiten im Mittelalter
Authors: Florianová Hana 
Published: March 2023

Der auf der Grundlage des Materials des Lexicon Bohemorum verfasste Aufsatz befasst sich mit den linguistischen und semantischen Aspekten der Bezeichnungen von Hautkrankheiten, wie auch mit der Motivation dieser Benennungen. Eingehender werden dabei die phraseologischen Termini ignis sacer, ignis sancti Antonii und die anderen mittelalterlichen Namen der Hautkrankheiten, die das Substantiv ignis beinhalten, sowie die Krankheiten noli me tangere und malum mortuum
erörtert. Kurz wird die Klassifikation der Hautkrankheiten in mittelalterlichen Schriften erwähnt.
La théorisation progressive du cursus et sa terminologie entre le XIe siècle et la fin du XIVe siècle
Authors: Turcan-Verkerk Anne-Marie 
Published: March 2023

Sono veramente esistite due scuole medievali di cursus, una scuola italiana caratterizzata da una terminologia sillabica, e una scuola orleanese che utilizzava une terminologia pseudometrica ? Questo contributo dimostra che all’origine la terminologia metrica era utilizzata da tutti per descrivere e percepire la musica del cursus del periodo intero, mentre la presentazione sillabica riguardava soltanto ciò che permetteva il successo di questo cursus, vale a dire la chiusa. Il senso della nozione di
cursus cambia progressivamente nel corso del Duecento, ma non prima, e solo allora apparisce una terminologia peculiare. Questa terminologia si fissa mano mano e senza nessuna omogeneità : il cursus velox è il primo ad imporrsi, il cursus planus designa realtà abbastanza diverse, il cursus tardus è una innovazione tarda e marginale, il cursus trispondaicus non è mai esistito.
Factores de riesgo asociados a prevalencia de cáncer de mama en un hospital gineco-obstétrico
Authors: Cruz Hernandez Montserrat , Acosta Cardona Karol Guadalupe , Ajuria Ramos Mariana Sarai , Guerrero García Jazmin Guadalupe , Gonzales Flores Jacqueline , Altamira Camacho Ramiro 
Published: March 2023

Objetivo: Explicar la asociación entre los factores de riesgo y la prevalencia de cáncer de mama en mujeres de un hospital gineco-obstétrico. Métodos: estudio cuantitativo, predictivo, no experimental, transversal y retrospectivo. Se realizó a dos grupos de mujeres con y sin diagnóstico de cáncer de mama (CAMA) entre 20 a 70 años durante el 2015-2020. Resultados principales: Se estudiaron 284 expedientes de mujeres, 136 conformaron GCC y 148 G-SC, con una mediana de edad de 50.5 y 43.1 años respectivamente. Los factores de riesgo que se asociaron al desarrollo de CAMA fueron edad (OR 0.946, IC 95% 0.920- 0.973 p = 0.000), antecedente familiar de CAMA (OR 0.275, IC% 95% 0.837-1.126 p = 0.000) y consumo de alcohol (OR 4.151, IC 95% 1.772- 9.725 p = 0.001). Conclusión general: La prevalencia del cáncer de mama está asociada a factores de riesgo no modificables como: mayor edad de la mujer e historia familiar de cáncer de mama. Otros factores de riesgo no modificables como el consumo de alcohol se asocian al incremento de padecer esta neoplasia.
The problems of legal regulation of public relations in conditions of domination of technological imperatives
Authors: Bavsun Maksim , Kaplunov Andrey , Bavsun Irina 
Published: March 2023

The relevance of this study is due to the emergence of new information technologies that prompt to transform the nature of the activities of the subjects of law, change the scope of their legal relations, and expand the horizon of future activities. Modern society, being in a state of constantly appearing and actively implemented technologies, has long been faced with the problem of legal regulation of new social relations arising in this connection. The intrusion of technology into all spheres of human activity is of such magnitude that it cannot ignore legal aspects. The problems of legitimizing new technical means and technologies, the ability of law to respond in a timely manner to the processes taking place, the limits of such a response and the preservation of the conceptual foundations of the law itself, its basic values and principles today remain not only relevant, but practically unresolved. There is also the reverse side of this issue - the preservation of the same foundations in society itself in the conditions of a continuous process of reworking the normative material. With a total transformation of social relations within the entire world community, law is also under the influence of new concepts: postmodern, postpostmodern, postindustrial society and other ideas that give it a multidirectional movement. Combined with the dominance of technological imperatives, its foundations are now under threat, and the prospects for further development are at least uncertain.
Methodology: The study used the general scientific dialectical method and the formal-logical method. This made it possible to identify the causal links between changes in legislation and the new technological order.
The results of this study show that the introduction of new technologies into society causes corresponding changes in the sphere of legal regulation, which contributes to the transformation of law into a kind of procedure of a strictly technical nature, which will lead to the loss of the creative function of law and its basic values.
The spread of extremism among young people due to informational infantilism
Authors: Suslov Yuri 
Published: March 2023

Introduction. The presented paper examines the reasons for the development of youth extremism. In this study the author draws attention to information infantilism typical for young people today. Starting from «being determines consciousness» the author points out the objective reality of active youth involvement in virtual world. As active users of the Internet, young people join in cyber interaction: communication, exchange of information of both personal and group nature.
Specific features of virtual interaction combined with personal immaturity lead to the fact that young users, not being fully aware of legal consequences of their actions, verbally or visually express ideas that fall under the definition of extremism stated in the Federal law № 114 of 25 July 2002 «On counteracting extremist activities», as well as become victims of recruiters to extremist groups, which actively operate in the information space and through communication in social networks, on dating sites.
The aim of the paper is to consider information infantilism as one of the causes of dissemination of extremism through virtual environment. This theoretical construct proposes to reflect the specifics of communications in virtual environment and the characteristics of individuals, which together create prerequisites for their involvement in extremist activities and dissemination of extremism.
Methodology. The problem was examined through the prism of psychological knowledge, which makes it possible to uncover the underlying features of human psychology that contribute to involvement in extremist activities in the virtual environment.
Methods and techniques. The research was based on general scientific methods.
Results. Theoretical study substantiates the concept of «information infantilism», which is one of the reasons for the dissemination of extremism through the virtual space.
Scientific novelty: the author introduces the term «information infantilism», which is proposed to be considered as one of the psychological causes of involvement in extremist activities and the spread of extremism.
Practical significance of the new concept is that it can be used in the process of education of youth and in the prevention of extremist crimes.
The participation of the public relations services of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the formation of the legal culture of society is a subject of research in modern Russian science
Authors: Lapova Evgeniya 
Published: March 2023

The article is devoted to the results of the analysis of coverage in the scientific literature of various aspects of the organization and activities of public relations services of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
The relevance of the article is due to the interest in these units, as well as the notion that the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia has a significant impact on the legal consciousness of citizens, by shaping the attitude of the population to the legislation, law, state power and its ability to solve socially significant problems with the results of its activities. The Department for Interaction with Civil Society Institutions and the Mass Media, together with regional public relations services, has powerful information and propaganda resources and is one of the important subjects in the formation of the legal culture of modern Russian society. During the study, traditional scientific methods were used. The author studied scientific publications characterizing the public relations service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia as a subject of the formation of the legal culture of society; the main directions of scientific research were identified, including: a retrospective analysis of the factors in the formation of the legal consciousness of police officers; activities of internal affairs bodies on legal education and improving the image of the department by modern methods; the possibility of using the media in the activities of internal affairs bodies for legal education of the population and in the process of forming the legal awareness of young people; characteristics of internal affairs bodies as the main subject of implementation of the requirements of the President of the Russian Federation on the development of legal awareness and legal literacy of citizens.
Results. It is concluded that monographic works, the special subject of which is the theoretical and legal characteristic of the public relations service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia as a subject of the formation of the legal culture of society and the individual, are still absent in domestic and foreign legal science.
Illegal acts in relation to property subjected to inventory, seizure or confiscation
Authors: Kir'yanov Arseniy 
Published: March 2023

Introduction. Damages from crimes in 2022 (for completed and suspended criminal cases) amounted to 748.3 billion roubles. Article 312 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation is designed to ensure the proper functioning of the law enforcement system for the execution of punishment or compensation of damages. There are theoretical and practical problems in qualifying offences under paragraphs 1 and 2 of Article 312 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. These problems increase the risk of harm to justice, and also make it difficult or impossible to execute court decisions (in enforcement proceedings), to compensate for damages caused by a crime or other offence, to carry out confiscation of property imposed by a court verdict.
Methods. The following cognitive methods serve as a methodological basis for the study: system structural, descriptive-analytical and statistical methods, the application of which made it possible to study the crimes under Article 312 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.
Results. As a conclusion the author formulates proposals for improving the current law enforcement practice of qualification of illegal actions in relation to property subjected to inventory, seizure or confiscation.
The author considers types of property that cannot be the subject of an offence under Article 312 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation. The cases when the investigated acts should be qualified under the totality of crimes - the norms in question (Art. 312 of the Criminal Code of the RF) and the relevant articles of the Special Part of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation were revealed.
Mikołaj Zebrzydowski (1553–1620) jako epistolograf
Authors: Pawłowska-Kubik Agnieszka 
Published: March 2023

Celem niniejszego artykułu jest przybliżenie postaci Mikołaja Zebrzydowskiego jako epistolografa. Analizie poddano listy Zebrzydowskiego zarówno niepublikowane, znajdujące się w krajowych bibliotekach i archiwach, jak również wydane drukiem. Przebadana korespondencja pochodzi z lat 1581–1615. Omówiono problematykę poruszaną w listach (zarówno informacje przekazywane bezpośrednio, jak i te ukryte w „warstwie głębokiej” tekstu), relacje z adresatami listów, język oraz styl epistoł. Tematyka korespondencji prowadzonej przez Mikołaja Zebrzydowskiego jest ściśle powiązana z jego publiczną działalnością. Jak dotąd nie udało odnaleźć się listów wojewody, które były kierowane do członków najbliższej rodziny bądź miały wyłącznie prywatny charakter. Większość listów napisanych przez Zebrzydowskiego cechuje oględność, skupienie się na konkrecie i brak rozwlekłości, co zdaje się korespondować ze skrytą i pragmatyczną naturą nadawcy. Już w korespondencji przedrokoszowej odnaleźć można ślady kontestacji poczynań Zygmunta III, które rzecz jasna przybrały na sile w latach 1606–1609. Na szczególną uwagę zasługują listy kierowane do zbiorowego adresata. W odróżnieniu od epistoł przeznaczonych do pojedynczych odbiorców, w korespondencji zwróconej do szerszej publiki wojewoda wspomina o swoich uczuciach, często odwołuje się do autorytetów, stara się poruszyć emocje czytelników, stylizuje swoje zachowanie, manipuluje faktami. By wzmocnić siłę wypowiedzi, chętnie korzysta z amplifikacji, jednego z podstawowych narzędzi w retoryce. Uznać należy, że ten typ korespondencji był jednym z ważniejszych narzędzi propagandowych stosowanych przez wojewodę.
Wokół postaci Mikołaja Zebrzydowskiego (1553–1620) i jego rodziny
Authors: Graff Tomasz , Wróbel S. Elżbieta Elena 
Published: March 2023

Artykuł ukazuje w ujęciu problemowym stan badań nad postacią Mikołaja Zebrzydowskiego (1553–1620) oraz jego rodziny do roku 2022. Zwrócono uwagę na najważniejsze publikacje dotyczące jego biografii, fundacji oraz działalności politycznej. Zauważono, że dotychczasowa historiografia zajmowała się Zebrzydowskim głównie w kontekście rokoszu sandomierskiego, fundacji klasztoru, kalwarii oraz fundacji w rodowych Zebrzydowicach. Natomiast genealogią rodziny Zebrzydowskich, ich majątkiem oraz powiązaniami z innymi rodami zajmowano się sporadycznie. Nieco szerzej analizowano działalność Floriana Zebrzydowskiego, ojca Mikołaja, jednak głównie jako teoretyka wojskowości. Autorzy podkreślają szczególnie znaczenie rocznicy 400-lecia śmierci wojewody krakowskiego, która przypadła na rok 2020. Przyczyniła się ona do intensyfikacji badań nad biografią Mikołaja Zebrzydowskiego i jego rodziną, co zaowocowało m.in. wydaniem dwóch monografii: szkicu biograficznego oraz pracy zbiorowej. W podsumowaniu artykułu nakreślono perspektywy badawcze dotyczące biografii wojewody krakowskiego i jego rodziny, zauważając m.in. konieczność rozszerzenia kwerend w archiwach krajowych i zagranicznych.
Aktywność publiczna Mikołaja Zebrzydowskiego w czasie krakowskich negocjacji w sprawie zawarcia antytureckiej Ligi Świętej w 1596 r.
Authors: Smołucha Janusz 
Published: March 2023

Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie działalności publicznej marszałka wielkiego koronnego i starosty krakowskiego Mikołaja Zebrzydowskiego w czasie toczących się latem 1596 r. w Krakowie międzynarodowych pertraktacji w sprawie zawarcia pod egidą papiestwa antytureckiej Ligii Świętej. Do odtworzenia tego aspektu autor wykorzystał głównie rękopiśmienne materiały źródłowe pochodzące z archiwów rzymskich oraz źródła drukowane i odnośną literaturę przedmiotu. Mikołaj Zebrzydowski pojawił się w Krakowie 10 lipca 1596 r. w momencie, gdy już od prawie miesiąca przebywał w nim legat papieski, kardynał Enrico Caetani, który miał przewodniczyć wspomnianym obradom. Zebrzydowski wielokrotnie spotykał się z kardynałem zarówno na oficjalnych obradach, jak również na stopie prywatnej. Kardynał informował o tych kontaktach Sekretariat Stanu, donosząc, iż Zebrzydowski jest jednym z tych polskich dostojników, który otwarcie pragnie wspierać inicjatywę Stolicy Apostolskiej. Jak się jednak wydaje, Mikołaj Zebrzydowski jako bliski współpracownik kanclerza Jana Zamoyskiego realistycznie oceniał te szanse, dostrzegając zagrożenie dla polityki papieskiej w twardym i nieprzychylnym Polsce stanowisku Habsburgów.