bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Career disruption and limitation of financial earnings due to cancer
Authors: Mudaranthakam Dinesh Pal , Hughes Dorothy , Johnson Peggy , Mason Tracy , Nollen Nicole , Wick Jo , Welch Danny R , Calhoun Elizabeth 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Purpose
This study investigated how cancer diagnosis and treatment lead to career disruption and, consequently, loss of income and depletion of savings.

Design
This study followed a qualitative descriptive design that allowed us to understand the characteristics and trends of the participants.

Method
Patients recruited (n = 20) for this study were part of the University of Kansas Cancer Center patient advocacy research group (Patient and Investigator Voices Organizing Together). The inclusion criteria were that participants must be cancer survivors or co-survivors, be aged 18 years or older, be either employed or a student at the time of cancer diagnosis, have completed their cancer treatment, and be in remission. The responses were transcribed and coded inductively to identify themes. A thematic network was constructed based on those themes, allowing us to explore and describe the intricacies of the various themes and their impacts.

Results
Most patients had to quit their jobs or take extended absences from work to handle treatment challenges. Patients employed by the same employer for longer durations had the most flexibility to balance their time between cancer treatment and work. Essential, actionable items suggested by the cancer survivors included disseminating information about coping with financial burdens and ensuring that a nurse and financial navigator were assigned to every cancer patient.

Conclusions
Career disruption is common among cancer patients, and the financial burden due to their career trajectory is irreparable. The financial burden is more prominent in younger cancer patients and creates a cascading effect that financially affects close family members.
Intensity-modulated radiation therapy with the central shielding technique for patients with uterine cervical cancer
Authors: Torii Akira , Tomita Natsuo , Kuno Mayu , Nishio Masahiro , Yamada Yuki , Takaoka Taiki , Okazaki Dai , Niwa Masanari , Kita Nozomi , Takano Seiya , Murao Takayuki , Ogawa Yasutaka , Hiwatashi Akio 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We aimed to examine outcomes and toxicities of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) with the central shielding (CS) technique for patients with uterine cervical cancer. This retrospective study included 54 patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics IB-IVA cancer. Whole pelvic radiotherapy or extended-field radiotherapy were performed at the dose of 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions with helical tomotherapy (HT). Six patients had para-aortic lymph node metastases. The CS technique with HT was utilized after a total dose of 28.8–41.4 Gy to reduce doses to the rectum and bladder. The prescribed dose of intracavitary brachytherapy was mainly 18–24 Gy in three or four fractions at point A. Concurrent chemotherapy was used for 47 patients (87%). Median follow-up time was 56 months. Seventeen patients (31%) developed recurrence. The recurrence of the cervix was observed in two patients (4%). The 5-year rates of the locoregional control, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were 79, 66 and 82%, respectively. Among several factors evaluated, histological type of adenocarcinoma was only a significantly worse prognostic factor for PFS by multivariate analysis (hazard ratio, 4.9 [95% confidence interval, 1.3–18], P = 0.018). Grade 2 or higher late toxicities were observed in nine patients (17%). Two patients (4%) each had grade 3 proctitis and grade 3 ileus, respectively. No grade 4 toxicity or treatment-related death was observed. The results suggest that IMRT with the CS technique allows a high local control without increasing the risk of complications for cervical cancer patients.
‘On the Border, I Learned How to Advocate’: Borderlands as Political Spaces for Burmese Women’s Activism
Authors: Olivius Elisabeth , Hedström Jenny 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article explores the political space of the border through the experiences of women activists from Myanmar, for whom the borderlands in Thailand have provided refuge as well as a conducive environment for political mobilization. At the same time, the border renders refugee activists insecure and precarious. Drawing on life history interviews, our analysis expands conceptualizations of the border as a dynamic political space by illustrating its dual capacity to both facilitate and constrain the political agency of refugee women from Myanmar. In particular, the spatial and temporal fluidity and in-betweenness of the border is shown to foster both repression and resistance. Exploring the character and salience of the border as a space for activism over time, we demonstrate how the political space of the border is relational, constituted in interaction with other political spaces, such as politics and governance in Myanmar, transnational activist networks, and the politics of international aid.
Creating Educational Borderlands: Civic Learning in a Syrian School in Lebanon
Authors: Chopra Vidur , Talhouk Joumana , Dryden-Peterson Sarah , Geha Carmen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Limitations on membership and participation in host societies sharply constrain refugee young people’s civic development. Especially when refugees attend national schools, they find themselves submerged in civic learning that does not include them or represent their experiences and realities. To explore possibilities for civic learning among refugees, we examine the education created by a Syrian community inside the structures of a Lebanese private school in Beirut. We conceive of this school as a ‘borderlands’ and find that it supports civic membership and participation in three ways: through adaptations to the Lebanese structures, curricula, and languages of schooling; through pedagogies focused on pragmatism; and through opening limited spaces for students to practice civic skills. We argue that the borderlands space created by this school holds lessons for both refugee and national teachers and school systems seeking to foster civic learning among refugees.
Rectal prolapse associated with intussusception and malignancy
Authors: Sseruwagi Timon Mac , Lewis Catherine R 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Rectal prolapse associated with intussusception is when the intestine slides into the adjacent part causing a protrusion through the anus. It is also referred to as recto-anal intussusception or trans-anal protrusion of intussusception. Pre-operative diagnosis of the associated intussusception is usually hard to make. We present a case of a patient who presented with a rectal prolapse. Surgical exploration also noted an intussusception and rectal malignancy. We demonstrate the importance of surgical management in patients with rectal prolapse to avoid progression of a malignancy or intussusception.
The role of catalytic and regulatory domains of human PrimPol in DNA binding and synthesis
Authors: Boldinova Elizaveta O , Baranovskiy Andrey G , Gagarinskaya Diana I , Manukyan Anna A , Makarova Alena V , Tahirov Tahir H 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Human PrimPol possesses DNA primase and DNA polymerase activities and restarts stalled replication forks protecting cells against DNA damage in nuclei and mitochondria. The zinc-binding motif (ZnFn) of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of PrimPol is required for DNA primase activity but the mechanism is not clear. In this work, we biochemically demonstrate that PrimPol initiates de novo DNA synthesis in cis-orientation, when the N-terminal catalytic domain (NTD) and the CTD of the same molecule cooperate for substrates binding and catalysis. The modeling studies revealed that PrimPol uses a similar mode of initiating NTP coordination as the human primase. The ZnFn motif residue Arg417 is required for binding the 5′-triphosphate group that stabilizes the PrimPol complex with a DNA template-primer. We found that the NTD alone is able to initiate DNA synthesis, and the CTD stimulates the primase activity of NTD. The regulatory role of the RPA-binding motif in the modulation of PrimPol binding to DNA is also demonstrated.
Prediction-oriented prognostic biomarker discovery with survival machine learning methods
Authors: Yao Sijie , Cao Biwei , Li Tingyi , Kalos Denise , Yuan Yading , Wang Xuefeng 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIdentifying novel and reliable prognostic biomarkers for predicting patient survival outcomes is essential for deciding personalized treatment strategies for diseases such as cancer. Numerous feature selection techniques have been proposed to address the high-dimensional problem in constructing prediction models. Not only does feature selection lower the data dimension, but it also improves the prediction accuracy of the resulted models by mitigating overfitting. The performances of these feature selection methods when applied to survival models, on the other hand, deserve further investigation. In this paper, we construct and compare a series of prediction-oriented biomarker selection frameworks by leveraging recent machine learning algorithms, including random survival forests, extreme gradient boosting, light gradient boosting and deep learning-based survival models. Additionally, we adapt the recently proposed prediction-oriented marker selection (PROMISE) to a survival model (PROMISE-Cox) as a benchmark approach. Our simulation studies indicate that boosting-based approaches tend to provide superior accuracy with better true positive rate and false positive rate in more complicated scenarios. For demonstration purpose, we applied the proposed biomarker selection strategies to identify prognostic biomarkers in different modalities of head and neck cancer data.
The Damages and Distortions from Discrimination in the Rental Housing Market
Authors: Christensen Peter , Timmins Christopher 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
By constraining an individual’s choice during a search, housing discrimination distorts sorting decisions away from true preferences and results in a ceteris paribus reduction in welfare. This study combines a large-scale field experiment with a residential sorting model to derive utility-theoretic measures of renter welfare loss associated with the constraints imposed by discrimination in the rental housing market. Results from experiments conducted in five cities show that key neighborhood amenities are associated with higher levels of discrimination. Counterfactual simulations based on the sorting model suggest that discrimination imposes damages equivalent to 4.4% and 3.5% of the annual incomes for African American and Hispanic/Latinx renters, respectively. Damages are increasing in income for African American renters, such that effects become stronger for economically mobile households. Renters of color must make substantial investments in additional search to mitigate the costs of these constraints. We find that a naive model ignoring discrimination constraints yields biased estimates of willingness to pay for key neighborhood amenities.
Committee-Based Blockchains as Games between Opportunistic Players and Adversaries
Authors: Amoussou-Guenou Yackolley , Biais Bruno , Potop-Butucaru Maria , Tucci-Piergiovanni Sara 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We study consensus in a protocol capturing in a simplified manner the major features of the majority of Proof of Stake blockchains. A committee is formed; one member proposes a block; and the others can check its validity and vote for it. Blocks with a majority of votes are produced. When an invalid block is produced, the stakes of the members who voted for it are “slashed.” Profit-maximizing members interact with adversaries seeking to disrupt consensus. When slashing is limited, free-riding and moral-hazard lead to invalid blocks in equilibrium. We propose a protocol modification producing only valid blocks in equilibrium.
Authors have furnished an Internet Appendix, which is available on the Oxford University Press Web site next to the link to the final published paper online.
Belimumab treatment of adult idiopathic inflammatory myopathy
Authors: Marder Galina , Quach Tam , Chadha Priyal , Nandkumar Preeya , Tsang Jimmy , Levine Todd , Schiopu Elena , Furie Richard , Davidson Anne , Narain Sonali 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate belimumab addition to the standard of care in patents with refractory idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM).

Methods
We conducted a 40-week multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with 1:1 IV belimumab 10 mg/kg or placebo randomization and a 24-week open-label extension. Clinical responses were measured by the definition of improvement (DOI) and total improvement score (TIS). Flow cytometry analyses were performed on available samples before randomization, at 24 and 60–64 weeks. Descriptive statistics, t-test, Fisher’s exact test and analysis of variance tests were used.

Results
A total of 17 patients were randomized, 15 received five or more doses of belimumab or placebo and were included in the intention-to-treat analysis. More belimumab patients vs placebo attained a TIS ≥40 [55.5% vs 33.3%; P = non-significant (NS)] and achieved the DOI (33.3% vs 16.7%; P = NS) at weeks 40 and 64; the mean TIS was similar among groups. Two patients achieved major responses (TIS = 72.5) after week 40 in the belimumab arm and none in the placebo arm. No improvement in the placebo arm after switching to the open-label phase was observed. There was no steroid-sparing effect. No new safety signals were detected. Although total B cells were not reduced, belimumab induced naïve B cell depletion while enhancing the number and frequency memory B cells.

Conclusion
The study did not meet the primary endpoint and no statistically significant differences were observed in clinical responses between arms. More patients achieved sustained TIS ≥40 and reached the DOI. Most patients who received belimumab for &gt;40 weeks had clinical improvement. Phenotypic changes in B cell populations were not associated with clinical responses.

Clinical trial registration number
Clinicaltrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov/), NCT02347891
Making sense of the financialization of households: state of the art and beyond
Authors: Bobek Alicja , Mikuš Marek , Sokol Martin 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Building on, and going beyond, the state-of-the-art literature, this article aims to advance the analysis and conceptualization of the financialization of households. It argues that there is a need to better conceptualize the household and that the relations between households and other actors in financialized capitalism require further elaboration. Its contribution rests on providing a high-level review of literature and on proposing a relational and activity-orientated approach to the household as a micro-level social institution performing its activities through a web of relationships. Furthermore, it builds on the concept of ‘financial chains’ to draw attention to power relations and transfers of value between households and other economic actors. In doing so, the article also highlights the uneven ways through which households are inserted into such ‘financial chains’ and explores social, spatial and temporal dimensions of household financialization. Finally, it suggests avenues for further research.
Disseminating sleep education to graduate psychology programs online: a knowledge translation study to improve the management of insomnia
Authors: Meaklim Hailey , Meltzer Lisa J , Rehm Imogen C , Junge Moira F , Monfries Melissa , Kennedy Gerard A , Bucks Romola S , Graco Marnie , Jackson Melinda L 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Study Objectives
Despite the negative impact of poor sleep on mental health, evidence-based insomnia management guidelines have not been translated into routine mental healthcare. Here, we evaluate a state-wide knowledge translation effort to disseminate sleep and insomnia education to graduate psychology programs online using the RE-AIM (reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance) evaluation framework.

Methods
Using a non-randomized waitlist control design, graduate psychology students attended a validated 6-hour online sleep education workshop delivered live as part of their graduate psychology program in Victoria, Australia. Sleep knowledge, attitudes, and practice assessments were conducted pre- and post-program, with long-term feedback collected at 12 months.

Results
Seven out of ten graduate psychology programs adopted the workshop (adoption rate = 70%). The workshop reached 313 graduate students, with a research participation rate of 81%. The workshop was effective at improving students’ sleep knowledge and self-efficacy to manage sleep disturbances using cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), compared to the waitlist control with medium-to-large effect sizes (all p &lt; .001). Implementation feedback was positive, with 96% of students rating the workshop as very good-to-excellent. Twelve-month maintenance data demonstrated that 83% of students had used the sleep knowledge/skills learned in the workshop in their clinical practice. However, more practical training is required to achieve CBT-I competency.

Conclusions
Online sleep education workshops can be scaled to deliver cost-effective foundational sleep training to graduate psychology students. This workshop will accelerate the translation of insomnia management guidelines into psychology practice to improve sleep and mental health outcomes nationwide.
Prevalence and Correlates of Past Year Ecstasy/MDMA Use in the United States
Authors: Yang Kevin H. , Kepner Wayne , Nijum Anamika , Han Benjamin H. , Palamar Joseph J. 
Published: June 2023

Objectives
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) (also known as “ecstasy” or “Molly”) has regained attention in recent years for its efficacy in treating posttraumatic stress disorder, and the drug was granted breakthrough therapy designation for such use by the US Food and Drug Administration in 2017. However, little is known about the current epidemiology of recreational ecstasy/MDMA use.

Methods
We estimated past-year prevalence and correlates of ecstasy/MDMA use based on a representative sample of noninstitutionalized US individuals 12 years or older from the 2015–2020 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (N = 315,661).

Results
An estimated 0.9% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.9–1.0) of individuals used ecstasy/MDMA in the past year. Compared with those ages 35–49 years, all younger age groups were at increased odds for use, while those older than 50 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.14, 95% CI = 0.08–0.23) were at low odds for use. Compared with heterosexual men, those identifying as bisexual women (aOR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.02–1.72) were at increased odds for use, and compared with White individuals, those identifying as Asian (aOR = 1.92, 95% CI = 1.42–2.59), Black (aOR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.41–2.06), or multiracial (aOR = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.19–2.16) were at increased odds for use. Past-year use of other drugs (e.g., cannabis, ketamine), prescription drug misuse (e.g., pain relievers, stimulants), nicotine dependence (aOR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.00–1.45), and alcohol use disorder (aOR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.25–1.58) were also associated with increased odds for use.

Conclusions
While use of ecstasy/MDMA continues to be relatively rare, findings from this study can help inform prevention and harm reduction strategies, especially among certain subpopulations that are at high risk for use.
Facilitation and Preferred Models for Delivering Substance Use Disorder Treatment in HIV Clinics: Results From a Multisite Randomized Trial
Authors: Muvvala Srinivas B. , Gan Geliang , Morford Kenneth L. , Dziura James , Esserman Denise , Porter Elizabeth , Chan Philip A. , Cornman Deborah H. , Reynolds Jesse , Yager Jessica E. , Fiellin David A. , Edelman E. Jennifer 
Published: June 2023

Background
Integrated addiction treatment in HIV clinics is associated with improved outcomes, yet it is offered inconsistently and with variable models of care. We sought to evaluate the impact of Implementation Facilitation (“Facilitation”) on clinician and staff preference for provision of addiction treatment in HIV clinics with on-site resources (all trained or designated on-site specialist) versus outside resources (outside specialist or refer out).

Methods
From July 2017 to July 2020, surveys assessed clinician and staff preferences for addiction treatment models during control (ie, baseline), intervention, evaluation, and maintenance phases in 4 HIV clinics in the Northeast United States.

Results
During the control phase, among 76 respondents (response rate, 58%), the proportions who preferred treatment with on-site resources for opioid use disorder (OUD), alcohol use disorder (AUD), and tobacco use disorder (TUD) were 63%, 55%, and 63%, respectively. Compared with control, there were no significant differences in preferred model during the intervention and evaluation phases except for AUD where there was an increased preference for treatment with on-site resources in the intervention versus control phase. Compared with control, during the maintenance phase, a higher proportion of clinicians and staff preferred providing addiction treatment with on-site resources versus outside resources: OUD, 75% (odds ratio [OR; 95% confidence interval {CI}], 1.79 [1.06–3.03]); AUD, 73% (OR [95% CI], 2.23 [1.36–3.65]), and TUD, 76% (OR [95% CI], 1.88 [1.11–3.18]).

Conclusions
The findings from this study lend support for “Facilitation” as a strategy to enhance clinician and staff preference for integrated addiction treatment in HIV clinics with on-site resources.
Maternal serum per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances during pregnancy and breastfeeding duration
Authors: Friedman Chloe , Dabelea Dana , Keil Alexander P. , Adgate John L. , Glueck Deborah H. , Calafat Antonia M. , Starling Anne P. 
Published: June 2023

Background/objectives:
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are endocrine-disrupting chemicals that may affect breastfeeding duration. We examined associations between maternal PFAS concentrations during pregnancy and breastfeeding cessation. We investigated potential effect modification by parity status.

Methods:
Among 555 women enrolled in the Healthy Start study (2009–2014), we quantified maternal serum concentrations of 5 PFAS during mid- to late-pregnancy (mean 27 weeks of gestation). Participants self-reported their breastfeeding practices through 18–24 months postnatally. Among all participants and stratified by parity, we estimated associations between maternal PFAS concentrations and breastfeeding discontinuation by 3 and 6 months, using Poisson regression, and breastfeeding duration, using Cox regression.

Results:
Median PFAS concentrations were similar to those in the general US population. Associations between PFAS and breastfeeding duration differed by parity status. After adjusting for covariates, among primiparous women, associations between PFAS and breastfeeding cessation by 3 and 6 months were generally null, with some inverse associations. Among multiparous women, there were positive associations between perfluorohexane sulfonate, perfluorooctane sulfonate, perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and perfluorononanoate and breastfeeding cessation by 3 and 6 months. For example, per ln-ng/mL increase in PFOA, the risk ratio for breastfeeding discontinuation by 6 months was 1.45 (95% confidence interval, 1.18, 1.78). Hazard ratios reflected similar patterns between PFAS and breastfeeding duration.

Conclusions:
Among primiparous women, we did not find evidence for associations between PFAS concentrations and breastfeeding duration. In contrast, among multiparous women, PFAS serum concentrations were generally inversely associated with breastfeeding duration, though estimates may be biased due to confounding by unmeasured previous breastfeeding.