bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy instrument and spectral analysis for deep-ocean Fe-Mn crusts
Authors: Yang Guang , Chen Guanyu , Cai Zixuan , Quan Xiangqian , Zhu Yang 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionMarine ferromanganese crusts are potentially important metal resources.The deep-ocean research and survey ships often need to carry out rapid chemical element component analysis of mineral resources, so as to plan for the geological resource exploration mission.MethodsThe laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy can obtain the spectrum of chemical elements by the plasma excited by high-energy laser irradiation on the surface of the sample. A laser induced breakdown spectroscopy optical system for the detection of deepocean ferromanganese crusts is designed and built, which can meet the requirements of near-insitu chemical component detection of deep-ocean mineral resources on ocean-going survey ships.ResultsHyperspectral data of Fe-Mn crusts are carried out by the Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) system during a deep-sea exploration mission at a depth of 2,490 m in the South China Sea. The experimental parameters of laser energy and spectral acquisition delay are optimized to improve the spectral measurement accuracy. Based on the calibration-free method, the significant spectral features of the chemical elements Fe and Mn were obtained through proper alignment with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) chemical element spectral library.DiscussionThe LIBS instrument can be placed on board long-range survey vessels in the future to provide a fast, convenient, accurate, and economical detection method for deep-ocean resource exploration.
Numerical studies on internal flow in pipelines of an aquaculture vessel and flow control using a special branch pipe
Authors: Huang Wenyun , Zha Ruosi 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionRegarded as the world’s largest smart-aquaculture vessel so far, Guoxin No. 1, has achieved remarkable success in aim to develop large-scale cruising aquaculture platforms. Guoxin No. 1 is 816 feet long with 15 fish farming tanks, which has a tank capacity of up to 900,000 square feet. It is of great practical interest to study the pipe flow rate distribution involving oxygen and novel flow control schemes for internal flows of aquacultural facilities connecting fish farming tanks.MethodsIn this paper, three-dimensional numerical investigations on internal flow in a T-type pipeline and its flow control are carried out. A single pump is designed to convert water to two separate farming tanks through a pipeline system, which is composed of one main inlet pipe and two outlet pipes with the same diameter as that of the inlet pipe. A horizontal arrangement of the pipes, in which the flow rate of an outlet pipe must be half of the inflow rate, is firstly studied for validation. To guarantee a balanced oxygen supply, equilibrium outflow rates can be achieved as a consequence of using a branch with a smaller diameter installed on the main inlet pipe. 3-D unsteady RANS solvers were employed to simulate the incompressible viscous flow and the pipe walls were assumed as rigid bodies.ResultsA couple of flow rates and three pipe angles were then investigated to assess the change of the outflow rates. Based on the simulations, a flow control scheme was proposed including to optimize the central included angle between the main inlet pipe and the small branch pipe, and the inflow rate of the branch pipe in order to balance the outflow rates. The results show that the central included angle has a significant influence on the flow field and flow rate of the two outlet pipes.DiscussionIf the angle was fixed, it can be indicated that adjusting the flow rate of the branch inlet can be an efficient method to unify the flow rate of the outlet pipes and improve the water exchange among fish farming tanks.
Elastic scattering of electrons by water: An ab initio study
Authors: Triggiani Francesca , Morresi Tommaso , Taioli Simone , Simonucci Stefano 
Published: March 2023

In this work we devise a theoretical and computational method to compute the elastic scattering of electrons from a non-spherical potential, such as in the case of molecules and molecular aggregates. Its main feature is represented by the ability of calculating accurate wave functions for continuum states of polycentric systems via the solution of the Lippmann-Schwinger equation, including both the correlation effects and multi-scattering interference terms, typically neglected in widely used approaches, such as the Mott theory. Within this framework, we calculate the purely elastic scattering matrix elements. As a test case, we apply our scheme to the modelling of electron-water elastic scattering. The Dirac-Hartree-Fock self-consistent field method is used to determine the non-spherical molecular potential projected on a functional space spanned by Gaussian basis set. By adding a number of multi-centric radially-arranged s-type Gaussian functions, whose exponents are system-dependent and optimized to reproduce the properties of the continuum electron wave function in different energy regions, we are able to achieve unprecedented access to the description of the low energy range of the spectrum (0.001 &lt; E &lt; 10 eV) up to keV, finding a good agreement with experimental data and previous theoretical results. To show the potential of our approach, we also compute the total elastic scattering cross section of electrons impinging on clusters of water molecules and zundel cation. Our method can be extended to deal with inelastic scattering events and heavy-charged particles.
Temperature-controlled optical switch metasurface with large local field enhancement based on FW-BIC
Authors: Wang Xiuyu , Wang Xiaoman , Ren Qun , Cai Haocheng , Xin Jihong , Lang Yuxin , Xiao Xiaofei , Lan Zhihao , You Jianwei , Sha Wei E. I. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction: Many researchers have explored the bound states in the continuum (BICs) as a particular bound wave state which can be used to achieve a very high Q-factor. High-Q factor devices, typically based on the bound states in the continuum (BICs), are well used in the fields of hypersensitive biochemical sensors, non-linear effects enhancement, plasmon lasers, and hi-performance filtering. However, symmetrical-protected BIC is difficult to achieve experimentally high-Q factor because it strongly depends on the geometry and can be destroyed by any slight disturbance in the potential well.Methods: Therefore, we proposed a parameter-adjusted Friedrich-Wintergen BIC based on the analysis model of time-coupled model theory, where the target system parameters can be tuned to achieve high-Q excitation.Results: Moreover, considering the tunability and flexibility of the components in various practical applications, we integrate active materials into metasurface arrays with the help of external stimuli to achieve modulation of high-Q resonances. Our results demonstrate that an optical resonator based on FW-BIC can modulate the BIC state by changing the intermediate gap.Discussion: The BIC state and the high-Q factor Fano resonance can be dynamically tuned by adding temperature-sensitive VO2 material.
Triptolide inhibits the progression of Glioblastoma U251 cells via targeting PROX1
Authors: Yuan Chao , Liao Yanli , Liao Shengjie , Huang Mi , Li Duanzhuo , Wu Weibin , Quan Yi , Li Liqiang , Yu Xin , Si Wenxia 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundGlioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most lethal brain cancer in adults, characterized by rapid growth, extensive invasiveness, and poor prognosis, and there is still a lack of effective treatments. Here, we aimed to explore the role of triptolide (TPL), purified from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, on glioblastoma cell growth, apoptosis, proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as potential underlying mechanisms.MethodsThe publicly available clinical data of Brain Lower Grade Glioma (LGG) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) had been screened to observe PROX1 expression. The Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to analyze the relationship between PROX1 expression and GBM prognosis. CCK8, cell cycle, EDU, apoptosis, wound healing, and transwell assays were performed to detect the effects of TPL on glioblastoma U251 cell viability, cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, respectively. Further, a soft agar colony assay was used to calculate the growth of glioblastoma cells. The qRT-PCR and western blot were conducted to quantify PROX1 mRNA and protein levels. The transcriptional regulation of TPL was detected by Dual luciferase reporter assay.ResultsWe found that TPL inhibited glioblastoma cell viability, proliferation, cell cycle, migration and invasion, but enhanced apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of cell cycle inhibitor, P21, and pro-apoptosis factor, Bax was increased, while invasion-related factors MMP2 and MMP9 were silenced after TPL treatments. Mechanistically, TPL showed transcriptional inhibition of PROX1 appearance. Moreover, ectopic expression of PROX1 partially rescued the effects of TPL on glioblastoma cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion, and on the expression of cell function-related genes.ConclusionThis study verified that TPL inhibited the progression of glioblastoma cells by transcriptionally depressing the expression of PROX1.
LIM1 contributes to the malignant potential of endometrial cancer
Authors: Kato Hiroaki , Saeki Noritaka , Imai Matome , Onji Hiroshi , Yano Akiko , Yoshida Shuhei , Sakaue Tomohisa , Fujioka Toru , Sugiyama Takashi , Imai Yuuki 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThe incidence of endometrial cancer (EC) has been increasing worldwide. However, because there are limited chemotherapeutic options for the treatment of EC, the prognosis of advanced-stage EC is poor.MethodsGene expression profile datasets for EC cases registered in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was reanalyzed. Highly expressed genes in advanced-stage EC (110 cases) compared with early-stage EC (255 cases) were extracted and Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis was performed. Among the enriched genes, Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter analysis was performed. Candidate genes expression was analyzed in HEC50B cells and Ishikawa cells by RT-qPCR. In HEC50B cells, LIM homeobox1 (LIM1) was knocked down (KD) and cell proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of the cells were evaluated. Xenografts were generated using LIM1-KD cells and tumor growth was evaluated. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) of RNA-seq data using LIM-KD cells was performed. Expression of phospho-CREB and CREB-related proteins were evaluated in LIM1-KD cells by western blotting and in xenograft tissue by immunofluorescent staining. Two different CREB inhibitors were treated in HEC50B and cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT assay.ResultsReanalysis of TCGA followed by GO enrichment analysis revealed that homeobox genes were highly expressed in advanced-stage EC. Among the identified genes, KM plotter analysis showed that high LIM1 expression was associated with a significantly poorer prognosis in EC. Additionally, LIM1 expression was significantly higher in high-grade EC cell lines, HEC50B cells than Ishikawa cells. Knockdown of LIM1 showed reduced cell proliferation, migration and invasion in HEC50B cells. Xenograft experiments revealed that tumor growth was significantly suppressed in LIM1-KD cells. IPA of RNA-seq data using LIM-KD cells predicted that the mRNA expression of CREB signaling-related genes was suppressed. Indeed, phosphorylation of CREB was decreased in LIM1-KD cells and LIM1-KD cells derived tumors. HEC50B cells treated by CREB inhibitors showed suppression of cell proliferation.Conclusion and discussionCollectively, these results suggested that high LIM1 expression contributed to tumor growth via CREB signaling in EC. Inhibition of LIM1 or its downstream molecules would be new therapeutic strategies for EC.
Ginseng-based carbon dots inhibit the growth of squamous cancer cells by increasing ferroptosis
Authors: Wang Zilin , Han Jing , Guo Zhiyong , Wu Hao , Liu Yige , Wang Wenying , Zhang Chenping , Liu Jiannan 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundRecent studies indicated that Ginseng potentiate cancer treatments. Ginseng-based carbon dots (GCDs) might possess properties to kill cancer cells and inhibit malignant tumor development and invasion. This study aimed to prepare GCDs, examine their effects on cancer cell growth and invasion, and explore the mechanisms involved.MethodsGCDs were synthesized, purified, and characterized. Cells were cultured with GCDs and were tested for growth, invasiveness, and wound healing. RNA was extracted for transcriptomics analysis. Protein expression was evaluated using western blot and immunohistochemistry. Mice were injected with cancer cells and treated with PBS or GCDs. Tumor volume was evaluated.ResultsGCDs were successfully synthesized and purified. The solution was yellow under sunlight and fluorescent blue under ultraviolet light. Electron microscopy showed GCDs with a uniform shape without apparent aggregation and an average diameter of about 4 nm. GCDs inhibited Cal-27, SCC-25, and SCC-7 cancer cell growth at concentrations of &gt;250-300 μg/mL, while GCDs inhibited the non-cancerous HaCaT cells at concentrations &gt;400 μg/mL. Immunofluorescence showed that GCDs could enter the cells. Transcriptomics revealed 552 downregulated mRNAs and 338 upregulated ones, including mRNAs involved in the oxidative phosphorylation and ferroptosis pathways. GCDs induced the ferroptosis of cancer cells, as shown by decreased GPX-4 and increased COX-2. GCDs decreased cell invasion and migration. In vivo, GCDs decreased tumor growth without apparent organ toxicity and promoted CD4+ T cell infiltration in the tumor.ConclusionGCDs appear to possess anticancer properties by increasing ferroptosis, resulting in cancer cell growth inhibition in vitro and in vivo.
M1 macrophage predicted efficacy of neoadjuvant camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy vs chemotherapy alone for locally advanced ESCC: A pilot study
Authors: Wang Shu , Xu Guanghui , Li Mengbin , Zheng Jiyang , Wang Yuhao , Feng Xiangying , Luo Jialin , Wang Shibo , Liu Huan , Duan Weiming , Zhang Hushan , Huang Depei , Zhao Feilong , Nie Yongzhan , Yang Jianjun 
Published: March 2023

IntroductionThe efficacy and safety of immunotherapy have been widely recognized in gastrointestinal-related cancers. However, the efficacy of neoadjuvant camrelizumab for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) has not been firmly established. This study compared the efficacy of camrelizumab in combination with neoadjuvant DCF (docetaxel, cisplatin and fluorouracil), with DCF alone for ESCC, and exploring biomarkers related to immune infiltration of the ESCC immunotherapy response.MethodsWe enrolled and randomly assigned patients with stage II-IVa ESCC to two study treatments: camrelizumab combined with docetaxel, cisplatin and fluorouracil (DCF) regimen and DCF regimen alone. The tissue for multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) was obtained before and after neoadjuvant therapy. The Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors RECIST Version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1) and Tumor Regression Grade (TRG) was used to evaluate efficacy.ResultsA total of 30 patients were enrolled in the study. Following neoadjuvant camrelizumab, the objective response rate (ORR) and the disease control rate (DCR) were 46.7% (7/15) and 95.7% (14/15), respectively. No patients reported complete remission, while ORR and DCR in the chemotherapy group were 26.7% (4/15) and 86.7% (13/15), respectively. R0 resection after neoadjuvant treatment was achieved in 3 out of 15 patients in the combined group and in all patients (15/15) in the chemotherapy group. In the combined group, M1-type tumor-associated macrophages and CD56dim NK cells were more abundant in responders than in non-responders (p &lt; 0.05). A higher M1/M2 ratio was observed in responders (p &lt; 0.05). With respect to the NGS, among the copy number amplified genes, the 11q13 amplicon (CCND1/FGF19/FGF4/FGF3) showed the highest frequency (47%, 7/15).ConclusionsNeoadjuvant camrelizumab combined with chemotherapy improved ORR in locally advanced ESCC. M1-type tumor-associated macrophages and CD56dim NK cells might be utilized to predict camrelizumab efficacy.
Early recovery of cognition and brain plasticity after surgery in children with low-grade frontal lobe tumors
Authors: Zheng Wenjian , Guan Xueyi , Zhang Xianchang , Gong Jian 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundLow-grade frontal lobe tumors (LGFLT) can be cured through total resection, but surgical trauma could impair higher-order cognitive function. We aim to characterize the short-term natural cognitive recovery and brain plasticity in surgically-treated pediatric patients with LGFLT.MethodsTen pediatric patients with LGFLT were enrolled. Their cognitive function was assessed before the surgery (S0), in the first month post-surgery (S1), and 3–6 months post-surgery (S2), using the CNS Vital Signs battery. DTI and rs-fMRI were performed during the same time periods. Changes of cognition and image metrics between S1&gt;S0 and S2&gt;S1 were analyzed.ResultsThe Motor Speed (MotSp) and Reaction Time (RT) scores significantly decreased in S1 and recovered in S2. Rs-fMRI showed decreased functional connectivity (FC) between the bilateral frontal lobes and bilateral caudates, putamina, and pallidi in S1&gt;S0 (voxel threshold p-unc < 0.001, cluster threshold p-FDR < 0.05). In S2&gt;S1, FC recovery was observed in the neighboring frontal cortex areas (p-unc <0.001, p-FDR < 0.05). Among them, the FC in the caudates-right inferior frontal gyri was positively correlated to the RT (p-FDR < 0.05). A DTI Tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) analysis showed decreased fractional anisotropy and axial diffusivity mainly in the corticospinal tracts, cingulum, internal capsule, and external capsule at 0–6 months post-surgery (TFCE-p < 0.05). The DTI metrics were not associated with the cognitive data.ConclusionProcessing speed impairment after an LGFLT resection can recover naturally within 3–6 months in school-age children. Rs-fMRI is more sensitive to short-term brain plasticity than DTI TBSS analysis. “Map expansion” plasticity in the frontal-basal ganglia circuit may contribute to the recovery.
Application of laryngeal mask airway anesthesia with preserved spontaneous breathing in children undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery
Authors: Huang Jinjin , Huang Wenfang , Zhang Jie , Tan Zheng , Wang Dongpi 
Published: March 2023

PurposeTo investigate the feasibility and safety of non-intubated general anesthesia with spontaneous breathing combined with paravertebral nerve blocks (PVNB) in young children undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and to determine its significance for rapid recovery after pediatric thoracic surgery.MethodsThe data of 46 children aged 6–36 months with an American Society of Anesthesiologists status of I–II who underwent elective VATS under general anesthesia were retrospectively analyzed. Of these patients, 25 underwent non-intubated general anesthesia with spontaneous breathing combined with PVNB (non-intubation group), and 21 received conventional intubated general anesthesia combined with local infiltration anesthesia (intubation group). The following perioperative parameters were compared between the two groups: heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure, saturation of pulse oximetry (SpO2), partial pressure end-tidal carbon dioxide, time from the completion of the operation to extubation or removing laryngeal masks, time to first feeding after the operation, length of postoperative in-hospital stay, incidence of postoperative complications, and hospitalization expenses.ResultsThe operations were completed successfully in both groups. When the non-intubation group was compared with the intubation group, the minimal SpO2 level during the surgery was higher (93% vs. 88%, P &lt; 0.001), which might indicate better oxygenation. There was no significant difference of the duration of surgery and intraoperative blood loss between two groups. Compared to the intubation group, the duration of anesthesia (P = 0.027), time from the completion of the operation to extubation (P &lt; 0.001), time to the first feeding after surgery (P &lt; 0.001), and length of postoperative in-hospital stay (P &lt; 0.001) were significantly reduced in the non-intubation group. The incidence of postoperative complications was not significantly different.ConclusionsNon-intubated general anesthesia with spontaneous breathing combined with PVNB is safe and feasible in young children undergoing VATS and can promote rapid recovery in young children undergoing thoracoscopic surgery.
Influence of continuous renal replacement therapy on the plasma concentration of tigecycline in patients with septic shock: A prospective observational study
Authors: Huang Fang , Cao Wen-Xiang , Yan Yu-Ying , Mao Tian-Tian , Wang Xian-Wen , Huang Dan , Qiu Yu-Shuang , Lu Wen-Jie , Li Dong-Jie , Zhuang Yu-Gang 
Published: March 2023

Objective: The influence of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) on the steady-state plasma concentration of high-dose tigecycline was investigated in septic shock patients to provide references for drug dosing.Methods: In this prospective observational study, 17 septic shock patients presenting with severe infections needing a broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy with high-dose tigecycline (100 mg per 12 h) in the intensive care unit were included and divided into CRRT group (n = 6) or non-CRRT group (n = 11). The blood samples were collected and plasma drug concentration was determined by SHIMADZU LC-20A and SHIMADZU LCMS 8040. The steady-state plasma concentration was compared between groups using unpaired t-test. Furthermore, between-groups comparisons adjusted for baseline value was also done using multivariate linear regression model.Results: Peak concentration (Cmax) of tigecycline was increased in CRRT group compared to non-CRRT group, but there were no statistical differences (505.11 ± 143.84 vs. 406.29 ± 108.00 ng/mL, p-value: 0.129). Trough concentration (Cmin) of tigecycline was significantly higher in CRRT group than in non-CRRT group, with statistical differences (287.92 ± 41.91 vs. 174.79 ± 33.15 ng/mL, p-value: 0.000, adjusted p-value: 0.000). In safety, Cmin was reported to be a useful predictor of hepatotoxicity with a cut-off of 474.8 ng/mL. In our studies, Cmin of all patients in CRRT group was lower than 474.8 ng/mL.Conclusion: The plasma concentration of tigecycline was increased in septic shock patients with CRRT treatment and only Cmin shown statistical differences. No dose adjustment seems needed in the view of hepatotoxicity.Clinical Trial Registration:https://www.chictr.org.cn/, identifier ChiCTR2000037475.