bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A brief body scan mindfulness practice has no positive effect on the recovery of heart rate variability and cognitive tasks in female professional basketball players
Authors: Aras Dicle , Samil Onlu Aysberg , Durmus Tugay , Cengiz Caner , Guler Damla , Guler Yagmur , Ugurlu Alkan , Aldhahi Monira I. , Gülü Mehmet 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionIn this study, we examined the acute effects of a short video-based body scan mindfulness practice on the heart rate variability (HRV) and cognitive performance of professional female basketball players after the first half of a simulated basketball game.MethodsIn this crossover randomized controlled trial, nine professional athletes completed a physical loading protocol on two separate days. The protocol consisted of a 10-min Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 in the first quarter, followed by a 10-min basketball game in the second quarter. Immediately afterward, they were asked to engage in a 10-min mindfulness practice or watch a 10-min nature-based documentary as a type of mental intervention. Their HRV, Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE), National Aeronautics and Space Administration Task Load Index 2 (NASA TLX-2), and Go/No-Go test scores were recorded immediately before and after the physical loading and after the mental intervention.ResultsThe physical demand, effort, and frustration level subscales of the NASA TLX-2 and the RPE scores were found to be significantly higher after the physical loading, and they returned to the baseline level after both types of mental intervention. The Go/No-Go test scores did not differ depending on the measurement time. All time- and frequency-domain heart rate variability parameters, except the low-to-high frequency ratio, were found to be significantly high immediately after the physical loading protocol. However, these parameters returned to their initial levels after both types of mental intervention.DiscussionCompleting the tests involved in the study protocol successfully induced physical fatigue, as evidenced by consistent measurement tools, but the one-time and short-term mindfulness practice had no additional benefits for the recovery of heart rate variability, cognitive tasks, or subjective assessment methods, such as RPE and NASA TLX-2, in basketball players with no previous experience of mindfulness practice.
Spatial age-period-cohort analysis of hepatitis B risk in Xinjiang from 2006 to 2019
Authors: Wang Yijia , Xie Na , Li Fengjun , Wang Zhe , Ding Shuzhen , Hu Xijian , Wang Kai 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to investigate the spatio-temporal distribution and epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis B in 96 districts and counties of Xinjiang and to give useful information for hepatitis B prevention and treatment.MethodsBased on the incidence data of hepatitis B in 96 districts and counties of Xinjiang from 2006 to 2019, the global trend analysis method was used to characterize the spatial variability of the disease, and the spatial autocorrelation and spatio-temporal aggregation analysis were used to explore the spatial clustering of hepatitis B and to identify high-risk areas and periods. The Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA)-based spatial age-period-cohort model was established to further explore the influence of age, period, birth queue effect, and spatial distribution on the incidence risk of hepatitis B, and sum-to-zero constraint was adopted to avoid the issue of model unrecognition.ResultsThe risk of hepatitis B in Xinjiang is increasing from west to east and from north to south, with spatial heterogeneity and spatio-temporal scanning statistics yielding five clustering areas. The spatial age-period-cohort model showed two peaks in the average risk of hepatitis B, at [25,30) years old and [50,55) years old, respectively. The mean risk of hepatitis B incidence fluctuated up and down around 1 with time, and the average risk of disease by birth cohort displayed an increasing-decreasing-stabilizing trend. Taking age, period, and cohort effect into consideration, it was found that the areas with a high risk of hepatitis B are Tianshan District, Xinshi District, Shuimogou District, Changji City, Aksu City, Kashi City, Korla City, Qiemo County and Yopurga County in Xinjiang. According to the spatio-temporal effect item, it was found that there are unobserved variables affecting the incidence of hepatitis B in some districts and counties of Xinjiang.ConclusionThe spatio-temporal characteristics of hepatitis B and the high-risk population needed to be taken into attention. It is suggested that the relevant disease prevention and control centers should strengthen the prevention and control of hepatitis B among young people while paying attention to middle-aged and older adult people, and strengthening the prevention and monitoring of high-risk areas.
Sexual healthcare and at-home STI test collection: attitudes and preferences of transgender women in the Southeastern United States
Authors: Van Gerwen Olivia T. , Austin Erika L. , Bethune Carly W. , Sullivan Patrick S. , Muzny Christina A. 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundHIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) disproportionally affect transgender women in the United States, particularly in the Southeast where rates of HIV and bacterial STIs are especially high. Despite the high HIV/STI burden among transgender women, their engagement in sexual healthcare services, including HIV/STI testing, is low. Understanding reasons for this disconnect is essential in developing HIV/STI prevention efforts for this population, especially in the Southeastern US, where access to affirming sexual healthcare providers and resources is limited. We aimed to perform an exploratory qualitative study to describe the attitudes and preferences of transgender women living in Alabama with regards to sexual healthcare and at-home STI test collection.MethodsTransgender women ≥18 years old residing in Alabama were invited to participate in virtual individual in-depth interviews via Zoom. The interview guide explored participant experiences engaging with sexual healthcare services as well as preferences related to extragenital (i.e., rectal, pharyngeal) and at-home STI testing for gonorrhea and chlamydia. A trained qualitative researcher coded transcripts after each interview and iteratively amended the interview guide as themes emerged. Data were coded and thematically analyzed using NVivo qualitative software.ResultsBetween June 2021-April 2022, 22 transgender women were screened and 14 eligible women enrolled. Eight participants were white (57%), and six were black (43%). Five participants (36%) were living with HIV and engaged with HIV care services. Interview themes included preference for sexual healthcare environments specializing in LGBTQ+ care, enthusiasm toward at-home STI testing, an emphasis on affirming patient-provider interactions in sexual healthcare settings, a preference for sexual healthcare providers involved in STI testing who were not cisgender men, and gender dysphoria around sexual health discussions and testing.ConclusionTransgender women in the Southeastern US prioritize affirming provider-patient interactions, however resources in the region are limited. Participants were enthusiastic about at-home STI testing options, which have the potential to mitigate gender dysphoria. Further investigation into development of remote sexual healthcare services for transgender women should be performed.
Genetic association of mosaic loss of chromosome Y with prostate cancer in men of European and East Asian ancestries: a Mendelian randomization study
Authors: Kobayashi Takuro , Hachiya Tsuyoshi , Ikehata Yoshihiro , Horie Shigeo 
Published: May 2023

Background: Genomic instability is a significant hallmark of aging and has a major impact on aging biology. Mosaic loss of chromosome Y (mLOY) in blood cells is a common chromosomal abnormality in aging men and is considered an indicator of genomic instability. Previous studies have indicated a connection between mLOY and prostate cancer risk, but the causal relationship has not been fully established.Methods: To determine the causal effect of mLOY on prostate cancer, we conducted a Mendelian Randomization (MR) study in two ancestral groups. We utilized 125 and 42 mLOY-associated variants as instrumental variables (IVs) in European and East Asian GWAS of prostate cancer, respectively. Summary-level data on prostate cancer was obtained from the PRACTICAL consortium (79,148 cases and 61,106 controls of European ancestry) and the Biobank Japan consortium (5,408 cases and 103,939 controls of East Asian ancestry). A single population was used to assess the causal relationship in East Asian ancestry. Our main method for obtaining MR results was inverse-variance weighted (IVW), and we conducted sensitivity analyses to confirm the robustness of our results. Finally, we combined the estimates from both sources using a fixed-effects meta-analysis.Results: Our MR analysis using the IVW method showed that a one-unit increase in genetically predicted mLOY was associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer in the PRACTICAL consortium (OR = 1.09%, 95% CI: 1.05–1.13, p = 1.2 × 10−5), but not in the Biobank Japan consortium (OR = 1.13%, 95% CI: 0.88–1.45, p = 0.34). Sensitivity analyses robustly indicated increased odds ratios for prostate cancer with every one-unit increase in genetically predicted mLOY for the PRACTICAL consortium. Furthermore, mLOY was found to be associated with prostate cancer risk in a meta-analysis of both sources (OR = 1.09%, 95% CI: 1.05–1.13, p = 8.0 × 10−6).Conclusion: Our MR study provides strong evidence that higher mLOY increases the risk of prostate cancer. Preventing mLOY may be a means of reducing the risk of developing prostate cancer.
Patient decision support resources inform decisions about cancer susceptibility genetic testing and risk management: a systematic review of patient impact and experience
Authors: Kohut Kelly , Morton Kate , Turner Lesley , Shepherd Jonathan , Fenerty Vicky , Woods Lois , Grimmett Chloe , Eccles Diana M. , Foster Claire 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundPatients with genetic cancer susceptibility are presented with complex management options involving difficult decisions, for example about genetic testing, treatment, screening and risk-reducing surgery/medications. This review sought to explore the experience of patients using decision support resources in this context, and the impact on decision-making outcomes.MethodsSystematic review of quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods studies involving adults with or without cancer who used a decision support resource pre- or post-genetic test for any cancer susceptibility. To gather a broad view of existing resources and gaps for development, digital or paper-based patient resources were included and not limited to decision aids. Narrative synthesis was used to summarise patient impact and experience.ResultsThirty-six publications describing 27 resources were included. Heterogeneity of resources and outcome measurements highlighted the multiple modes of resource delivery and personal tailoring acceptable to and valued by patients. Impact on cognitive, emotional, and behavioural outcomes was mixed, but mainly positive. Findings suggested clear potential for quality patient-facing resources to be acceptable and useful.ConclusionsDecision support resources about genetic cancer susceptibility are likely useful to support decision-making, but should be co-designed with patients according to evidence-based frameworks. More research is needed to study impact and outcomes, particularly in terms of longer term follow-up to identify whether patients follow through on decisions and whether any increased distress is transient. Innovative, streamlined resources are needed to scale up delivery of genetic cancer susceptibility testing for patients with cancer in mainstream oncology clinics. Tailored patient-facing decision aids should also be made available to patients identified as carriers of a pathogenic gene variant that increases future cancer risks, to complement traditional genetic counselling.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020220460, identifier: CRD42020220460.
The impact of cryopreserved sperm on intrauterine insemination outcomes: is frozen as good as fresh?
Authors: Cherouveim Panagiotis , Vagios Stylianos , Hammer Karissa , Fitz Victoria , Jiang Victoria S. , Dimitriadis Irene , Sacha Caitlin R. , James Kaitlyn E. , Bormann Charles L. , Souter Irene 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionFrozen sperm utilization might negatively impact cycle outcomes in animals, implicating cryopreservation-induced sperm damage. However,in vitrofertilization and intrauterine insemination (IUI) in human studies are inconclusive.MethodsThis study is a retrospective review of 5,335 IUI [± ovarian stimulation (OS)] cycles from a large academic fertility center. Cycles were stratified based on the utilization of frozen (FROZEN,n = 1,871) instead of fresh ejaculated sperm (FRESH,n = 3,464). Main outcomes included human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) positivity, clinical pregnancy (CP), and spontaneous abortion (SAB) rates. Secondary outcome was live birth (LB) rate. Odds ratios (OR) for all outcomes were calculated utilizing logistic regression and adjusted (adjOR) for maternal age, day-3 FSH, and OS regimen. Stratified analysis was performed based on OS subtype [gonadotropins;oral medications(OM): clomiphene citrate and letrozole; andunstimulated/natural]. Time to pregnancy and cumulative pregnancy rates were also calculated. Further subanalyses were performed limited to either the first cycle only or to the partner's sperm only, after excluding female factor infertility, and after stratification by female age (&lt;30, 30–35, and &gt;35 years old).ResultsOverall, HCG positivity and CP were lower in theFROZENcompared to theFRESHgroup (12.2% vs. 15.6%,p &lt; 0.001; 9.4% vs. 13.0%,p &lt; 0.001, respectively), which persisted only amongOMcycles after stratification (9.9% vs. 14.2% HCG positivity,p = 0.030; 8.1% vs. 11.8% CP,p = 0.041). Among all cycles, adjOR (95% CI) for HCG positivity and CP were 0.75 (0.56–1.02) and 0.77 (0.57–1.03), respectively,ref: FRESH.InOMcycles, adjOR (95% CI) for HCG positivity [0.55 (0.30–0.99)] and CP [0.49 (0.25–0.95),ref.:FRESH] favored theFRESHgroup but showed no differences amonggonadotropinandnaturalcycles. SAB odds did not differ between groups amongOMandnaturalcycles but were lower in theFROZENgroup amonggonadotropincycles [adjOR (95% CI): 0.13 (0.02–0.98),ref.:FRESH]. There were no differences in CP and SAB in the performed subanalyses (limited to first cycles or partner's sperm only, after excluding female factors, or after stratification according to female age). Nevertheless, time to conception was slightly longer in theFROZENcompared to theFRESHgroup (3.84 vs. 2.58 cycles,p &lt; 0.001). No significant differences were present in LB and cumulative pregnancy results, other than in the subgroup ofnaturalcycles, where higher LB odds [adjOR (95% CI): 1.08 (1.05–1.12)] and higher cumulative pregnancy rate (34% vs. 15%,p = 0.002) were noted in theFROZENcompared to theFRESHgroup.ConclusionOverall, clinical outcomes did not differ significantly between frozen and fresh sperm IUI cycles, although specific subgroups might benefit from fresh sperm utilization.
Development and evaluation of a school-based physical literacy intervention for children in Germany: protocol of the PLACE study
Authors: Carl Johannes , Schmittwilken Louisa , Pöppel Katharina 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionFueled by the COVID-19 pandemic, the physical activity behavior of children has reached a concerning level nowadays. By empowering individuals to be physically active throughout the life course, the concept of physical literacy has recently gained increasing attention and adopts a holistic-integrative perspective on PA promotion. Although the field has successively attempted to translate the conceptual ideas of physical literacy into interventions, the theoretical base is heterogeneous and is often lacking within interventions. Furthermore, several countries, including Germany, have not equally adopted the concept yet. Therefore, the goal of the present study protocol is to describe the development and evaluation approach of a PL intervention (“PLACE”) for children in grades three and four within the German all-day schooling system.MethodsThe physical literacy intervention cultivates explicit theory-content links and comprises 12 heterogeneous sessions (each 60-90 min in length). The study contains three different phases with two initial pilot studies and a subsequent main study. The two pilot studies take a mixed-methods character by drawing on quantitative pre-post-designs as well as interviews with children (in groups). In the main study, we will longitudinally compare the course of PL values (five outcome domains: physical, affective, cognitive, social, behavioral) between two study arms: school classes of children are either assigned to an intervention condition (regular physical education and health care plus PL intervention) or to a control condition (regular physical education and health care only).DiscussionThe findings of this study will provide evidence on how to structure a multicomponent intervention in Germany based on the PL concept. In summary, the results will report on the effectiveness of the intervention and, therefore, decide whether to scale-up the intervention.
The experience of laser light feedback in back-squat resistance training
Authors: Stien N. , Andersen V. , Solstad T. E. J. , Saeterbakken A. H. , Engelsrud G. H. 
Published: May 2023

IntroductionThe purpose of this paper is to contribute to the existing literature on performance in resistance training (RT) by addressing how a phenomenological perspective on experiences with inter kinaesthetic affectivity can illuminate experience of practicing RT with non-verbal, visual feedback provided through laser lights attached to the barbell.MethodThe material is created from qualitative interviews and using inter-kinaesthetic affectivity as analytical lenses.ResultsThe findings show how participants interpret the feedback in the moment and explain how they adjust their movement in dialogue with the feedback and enable the “uptake” of feedback in their embodied experience. The findings show how the participants developed an awareness of how they can equalize the balance on their feet.DiscussionWe discuss what this means for the understanding of the training process in terms of how practitioners can use the uptake of non-verbal, visual feedback to immediately adjust the quality of their performance by responding kinaesthetically and bodily. The discussion contributes to the question of what kind of role a practitioner's own kinaesthetic and bodily experiences have in the development and organization of RT. Perspectives that include the lived and intersubjective body as a knowledge position are promising for illuminating the whole bodied engagement that is necessary to understand how to perform RT.
Traumatic injuries to the renal blood vessels and in-hospital renal complications in patients with penetrating or blunt trauma
Authors: Alzerwi Nasser A. N. 
Published: May 2023

BackgroundTraumatic injuries to renal blood vessels (IRBV) can have significant consequences for patients, impacting their mortality, morbidity, and quality of life.ObjectiveThis study aimed to compare trauma types and injury characteristics, vital signs, and outcomes in patients with and without IRBV (nIRBV) and examine whether IRBV and pre-existing renal dysfunction affected the likelihood of in-hospital renal complications (iHRC).Materials and MethodsAfter identifying penetrating and blunt trauma victims with IRBV in the National Trauma Data Bank, patient demographics, injury-related variables, treatment outcomes, and deaths under care were analyzed and compared.ResultsOf the 994,184 trauma victims, 610 (0.6%) experienced IRBV. Victims in the IRBV group (IRBVG) had a significantly higher frequency of penetrating injuries (19.5% vs. 9.2%, P &lt; 0.001) and higher injury severity score (ISS ≥25, 61.5% vs. 6.7%). Most injuries in both groups were unintentional, although a higher frequency of assault was noted in the IRBVG. The incidence of iHRC was higher in the IRBVG (6.6%) than in the nIRBVG (0.4%; P &lt; 0.001). The IRBV {OR = 3.5 [95% CI = (2.4–5.0)]}, preexisting renal disorders {OR = 2.5 [95% CI = (2.1–2.9)]}, and in-hospital cardiac arrest {OR = 8.6 [95% CI = (7.7–9.5)]} were found to be among the factors associated with a higher risk of iHRC.ConclusionsIRBV and pre-existing renal disorders considerably increased the risk of developing iHRC. Due to the long- and short-term consequences of associated cardiovascular, renal, and hemodynamic complications, victims of IRBV require specialized renal management and close monitoring.
Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution and Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kutlar Joss Meltem , Boogaard Hanna , Samoli Evangelia , Patton Allison P. , Atkinson Richard , Brook Jeff , Chang Howard , Haddad Pascale , Hoek Gerard , Kappeler Ron , Sagiv Sharon , Smargiassi Audrey , Szpiro Adam , Vienneau Danielle , Weuve Jennifer , Lurmann Fred , Forastiere Francesco , Hoffmann Barbara H. 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: We report results of a systematic review on the health effects of long-term traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) and diabetes in the adult population.Methods: An expert Panel appointed by the Health Effects Institute conducted this systematic review. We searched the PubMed and LUDOK databases for epidemiological studies from 1980 to July 2019. TRAP was defined based on a comprehensive protocol. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed. Confidence assessments were based on a modified Office for Health Assessment and Translation (OHAT) approach, complemented with a broader narrative synthesis. We extended our interpretation to include evidence published up to May 2022.Results: We considered 21 studies on diabetes. All meta-analytic estimates indicated higher diabetes risks with higher exposure. Exposure to NO2 was associated with higher diabetes prevalence (RR 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02; 1.17 per 10 μg/m3), but less pronounced for diabetes incidence (RR 1.04; 95% CI: 0.96; 1.13 per 10 μg/m3). The overall confidence in the evidence was rated moderate, strengthened by the addition of 5 recently published studies.Conclusion: There was moderate evidence for an association of long-term TRAP exposure with diabetes.
Certainty of the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Modelled Prevalence Estimates for Musculoskeletal Conditions: A Meta-Epidemiological Study
Authors: Muñoz Laguna Javier , Puhan Milo A. , Rodríguez Artalejo Fernando , De Pauw Robby , Wyper Grant M. A. , Devleesschauwer Brecht , Santos João V. , Hincapié Cesar A. 
Published: May 2023

Objectives: To describe and assess the risk of bias of the primary input studies that underpinned the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019 modelled prevalence estimates of low back pain (LBP), neck pain (NP), and knee osteoarthritis (OA), from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Spain, and Switzerland. To evaluate the certainty of the GBD modelled prevalence evidence.Methods: Primary studies were identified using the GBD Data Input Sources Tool and their risk of bias was assessed using a validated tool. We rated the certainty of modelled prevalence estimates based on the GRADE Guidelines 30―the GRADE approach for modelled evidence.Results: Seventy-two primary studies (LBP: 67, NP: 2, knee OA: 3) underpinned the GBD estimates. Most studies had limited representativeness of their study populations, used suboptimal case definitions and applied assessment instruments with unknown psychometric properties. The certainty of modelled prevalence estimates was low, mainly due to risk of bias and indirectness.Conclusion: Beyond the risk of bias of primary input studies for LBP, NP, and knee OA in GBD 2019, the certainty of country-specific modelled prevalence estimates still have room for improvement.