bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Preservation of Antibodies to Vaccine-Controlled Infections in Children WITH Oncological Diseases
Authors: Kharit S. M. , Konstantinova Yu. E. , Goleva O. V. , Ruleva A. A. , Tikhomirova K. K. , Iozefovich O. V. , Fridman I. V. 
Published: September 2023

Relevance. Cancer therapy forms a temporary immunosuppressive state, which determines an increase in the frequency and severity of infectious diseases. Vaccination is a highly effective and safe way to protect against infection, but people with immunodeficiency have risks of inefficiency and complications. To substantiate the need for immunoprophylaxis in cancer patients after therapy, it is important to understand the preservation of their specific response after previous vaccinations.The aim of the study was to assess the safety of antibodies to vaccine–controlled infections in children with oncological diseases after therapyMaterials and methods. The safety of antibodies to vaccine-controlled infections was studied in 3 groups: 1 -in patients with oncological (n=62); 2-in the group (n=43) withoutoncological diseases, but who received immunosuppressive (IST) and/or polychemotherapy (PCT) and/or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and 3– in healthy children (n=31 – comparison group). The concentration of antibodies was determined by the ELISA method. The minimum protective level was considered to be the amount for measles ³0.18 IU/ml, rubella - ³25 IU/ml; hepatitis B - ³10 IU/ml; diphtheria – 0.03 IU/ml and higher. The coefficient of positivity, estimated as protective against mumps, was ³1.0.Results. It was found that from 41.7% to 93.7% of children with cancer lose post-vaccination immunity to the studied vaccine antigens. The number of children who retained the protective level of antibodies in groups 1 and 2 was significantly less than in the comparison group. There were no significant differences in the level of those protected from diphtheria and rubella. The maximum effect on the loss of antibodies is provided by the performed HSCT. For diphtheria and rubella antibodies, the differences are not pronounced. The possible connection of genetic breakdowns in 35 examined children with oncological diseases and the safety of antibodies was analyzed. It turned out that in the presence of chromosomal deletions, antibodies to measles were lost in 100% of cases and to diphtheria in 75%, which was different from other chromosomal abnormalities.Conclusion. The safety of antibodies in patients with a history of cancer is influenced by the presence of HSCT in therapy, the type of genetic breakdown, as well as the peculiarity of the vaccine antigen. Children with oncological diseases, as well as with non-oncological ones, but who have received HSCT therapy, should be vaccinated again against vaccine-controlled infections, despite the indication of the presence of vaccinations before therapy.
Epidemiological Features of Purulent Bacterial Meningitis in the Russian Federation at the Present Stage
Authors: Koroleva M. A. , Gritsay M. I. , Churilova N. S. , Koroleva I. S. 
Published: September 2023

Relevance. The decrease in the number of cases of invasive diseases caused by N. meningitidis, S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and in the world has been associated with measures against the spread of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19).Aim. Presentation of the epidemiological features of purulent bacterial meningitis (PBM) in the Russian Federation at the present stage.Materials and methods. On the basis of the Russian Reference Center for Monitoring Bacterial Meningitis (RCMC), an in-depth personalized system for recording PBM cases has been established. Since 2010, all territories of the Russian Federation have been included in the monitoring system. In 2022, the RCMC received information on 1596 cases of PBM. The descriptive-evaluative epidemiological method was used in the work: a retrospective analysis.Results. The increase in the incidence of a generalized form of meningococcal infection (GFMI), which began in 2017, was recorded in 2018 and 2019, but in 2020–2021 growth was interrupted: the indicator dropped sharply, amounting to 0.26–0.21 per 100 thousand of the population, which is most likely due to the disunity of the population as a result of measures aimed at combating the new coronavirus infection. Measures to combat COVID-19 were canceled in 2021, and already in 2022 the incidence rate of GBM increased by 1.4 times, while the GFMI by 2 times, amounting to 0.44 per 100 thousand of the population. A sharp decrease in the incidence of PBM caused by S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae in 2020-2021 was replaced in 2022 by an increase in the incidence of pneumococcal meningitis, however, the incidence of meningitis caused by H. influenzae remained at the same level.Conclusion. Continued monitoring of the incidence of PBM and the properties of the pathogen are extremely important tasks in order to identify risk groups and areas for the timely optimization of vaccination measures, given that the three infections that cause bacterial meningitis are vaccine-controlled, and vaccination is recognized as the most effective measure to combat meningococcal, pneumococcal and hemophilic infections.
Using the International Standard of Auditing 315 “Identifying and Assessing the Risks of Material Misstatement through Understanding the Entity and Its Environment” in the Auditing Practice
Authors: LUBENCHENKO O. , KORINKO M. 
Published: September 2023

The article contains results of a study focused on practical issues of the application of the International Standard of Auditing (ISA) 315 “Identifying and Assessing the Risks of Material Misstatement through Understanding the Entity and Its Environment”. It is argued that by using provisions of ISA 315 at the phase of planning of an auditing engagement, managers of an auditing entity have to assess sectoral, regulatory and other external factors with impact on the financial reporting process, including the involved conceptual framework. The characteristics of an auditing entity to be analyzed by the auditor are determined: nature of business, pattern of ownership and corporate management, types of investment, structure and methods of financing. The auditor’s analysis of these issues has to result in his/her conclusion about the inherent risk, which is the risk of client’s business. When planning audit for small firms, an auditor can make use of the so called economies of scales. It means that small firms can minimize the measures of control through introducing components of the control environment in a way different from other business entities classified as large by activity scopes. Auditing procedures pertaining to components of the control environment should be initiated through inquiries, observations, reviews of documents and/or risk assessment procedures. A systematization of business risks and measures of control over audit customers, conditions and events that may signal the existence of risks of significant material misstatement in financial statements is made.
Economic Cycles in the Modern Times: Global and Ukrainian Trends
Authors: GERASYMENKO S. S. , HERASYMENKO V. V. 
Published: September 2023

The high degree of economic development and globalization of society in the XXI century necessitated a rapid response of market participants to events of any scale occurring in different parts of the world, in order to ensure the achievement of planned goals.
When reading the publications containing the characteristics of current events in the economy, it is thought that their authors decided to reject the findings of world-renowned scientists on the laws of economic development and offer society to solve economic problems instead of laws to rely on expert assessments.
The article points out the need to take into account the scientific principles of characterization of patterns of economic development in modern conditions by statistical evaluation of changes in relevant parameters. This approach allows us to predict the timing of changes in the nature of development, in particular - the onset of economic crises of various scales, which will allow in advance to develop preventive measures to mitigate their impact on the welfare of ordinary citizens.
Taking into account the factors that can both help and hinder the observance of a certain direction of movement requires analysis and forecasting of the state and trends of world and national trends on the basis of scientific laws of market economy, in particular the cyclical nature of its development. The existence of economic cycles was discovered, received scientific proof and historical confirmation. The reasons that led to cyclical changes in the economy, in particular the emergence of crises, were identified. Appropriate indicators should be used to characterize these causes.
First of all, countries with insufficiently high level of economic development need to constantly monitor global economic trends on these principles. This is due to the fact that, as can be seen from the example of Ukraine, such countries are more vulnerable to the negative effects of economic crises.
Digital Financial Assets: Problems of Recognition, Valuation and Legal Regulation in Accounting
Authors: PYLYPENKO О. , YURCHENKO О. 
Published: September 2023

The article reveals the author’s vision of the recognition, valuation and legal regulation of accounting of digital assets at company level. The economic nature of cryptocurrency is discussed through interpreting the functions of money: a measure of value, a means of circulation, a means payment and accumulation, and the global money. It is concluded that cryptocurrency does not comply with the classical definition of “money”, because it does not feature its main functions. But it can be said that cryptocurrency constitutes the first opened, digital alternative currency able to take the form of traditional money. The procedure for cryptocurrency valuation in the business stocks and intangible assets is analyzed. In cases when a business entity is intended to buy cryptocurrency as a commodity, the transactions related to cryptocurrency flows should be recorded on the account 28 “Commodities”, whereas the transactions related to cryptocurrency production should be recorded on the account 26 “Finished products”. The proposed improvements in cryptocurrency accounting in the company stocks will be realizable when the transactions on cryptocurrency purchase or production (mining) are performed on permanent basis. The recognition of cryptocurrency in the intangible assets of a company will be feasible on the following conditions: cryptocurrency does not have a physical form; it can be identified; it is a non-monetary asset. The distinctive features of Bitcoin in relation to financial instruments are outlined, ways of cryptocurrency production using ІСО, mining, forging etc. are discussed. Regarding the legal regulation of cryptocurrency circulation in Ukraine, it is revealed that no normative and legal document exists to specify the legal status of the notions “virtual assets”, “digital financial assets” or “cryptocurrency”. By now, the draft law has been approved, intended to regulate purchase, sale and taxation of virtual assets. The official recognition of digital financial assets and blockchain technology is expected to promote the transition of Ukraine to the digital economy. This transition is going to give rise to the emergence of a new object of accounting, e. g. digital financial assets. The authors’ vision of the normative and legal regulation of cryptocurrency accounting at micro- and macrolevel allowed to propose a new national standard of accounting “Digital financial assets”, to develop a methodological framework for reporting the data on digital financial assets and their disclosure in the financial statements of companies.
Selection and Monitoring of Assignments in the Audit of Financial Reporting
Authors: LUBENCHENKO О. , SHULHA S. 
Published: September 2023

Problems related to the quality assessment of completed audit assignments are analyzed. As the increasing number of users take management decisions on the basis of audit reports, independent audit is intended to guarantee a sound verification of financial reporting at company level, which can be achieved through the procedures for the assignment quality control.
The article’s objective is to develop methodical recommendations on quality assessment of individual auditing assignments for auditing firms.
An analytical review of the normative criteria for selection of assignments for monitoring is made, and the authors’ criteria based on the risk oriented approach to the assessment of assignments of the financial audit are proposed: (i) obligatory auditing, including the auditing of financial reporting of companies with public significance (50% of the total number of the assignments in obligatory audit); (ii) voluntary audit (at least one assignment of the key partner), with the review of financial reporting covering 10% of the total number of the review assignments; other assignments covering 10% or more of the total number of the assignments on providing reassurance, which is not audit or review; selection of the most risky assignments with high level of the implicit risk; related services covering 10% of the total number of assignments pertaining to related services on agreed procedures and compilation of information (with selecting most complicated issues of business operation, which were subject to concern in providing related services and assignments for a new customer). A four-phase model of the assessment of selected assignments of an auditing firm is elaborated: acceptance of customer and assignment; planning and assessment of risks; assignment completion; formulation of auditor opinion and control actions on quality assurance. The practical implementation of this model involves documenting of the internal control of the quality of audit, analysis of results of the quality control, accumulation of errors and correcting actions at system and assignment level.
Electoral Systems in the Digital Age: Underlying Challenges and New Opportunities Part I. A Review of the Problems, Classic Protocols of Collective Choice
Authors: SINYTSKYI M. 
Published: September 2023

The article is devoted to the problem of democratic development of Ukraine.
The reasons for the need for a radical transformation of the electoral process in Ukraine have been considered from a theoretical standpoint. The main goal and sub-goals of the research have been formulated. The classical mathematical models of electoral technologies, selected for comparison with modern approaches have been described.
The basic principles of selection of methods for measuring the results of approval voting have been analyzed. The issues of constructing a verbal-numerical scale, assessing the consistency of voter decisions and applying statistical criteria to obtain a consolidated result have been considered.
The models selected for calculating the final election rating are analyzed. Mathematical algorithms of multicriteria selection based on the qualimetric approach and pairwise comparison on four variants of scales are given. Protocols for determining consensus alternatives using the Topsis method, the Kemeni – Young median, the Schulze heuristic procedure, and the fuzzy set approach are described.
The results of approbation of the selected protocols of approval of the voting system for the election model of 4 candidates on 7 questions of the ballot paper are given. The algorithm and the results of generating by the Monte Carlo method arrays of initial data with a size of 10,000 records, having a uniform and normal distribution with three variants of the bias parameter, are presented. To identify the sensitivity of the studied protocols to violations of the transitivity of individual preference profiles, the primary data arrays were transformed by replacing the nontransitive profiles with an equivalent number of transitive ones without presenting a preference to any alternative. Based on the assessment of the correlation of the final ratings, their sensitivity to the type of distribution and to violations of the transitivity of individual judgments, it was concluded that it is advisable to use the Kemeny median to determine the voting results. The use of the proposed method for transforming primary data also makes it possible to use the Condorcet, Dodgson, Saati and Schulze protocols. The results of this study indicate that there is a fundamental possibility of transition to a new digital paradigm of the electoral process based on the approving principle of voting.
Dosa Bani Israel pada QS Al Maidah Ayat 72-78 dalam Perspektif Self Awareness Goleman
Authors: Shalihah Nisa , Waharjani Waharjani , Perawiranegoro Djamaluddin 
Published: September 2023

QS Al Ma'idah verses 72-78 explains the history of Israel clan who had bad morals towards Allah SWT and the Messenger, so that they became a people who were cursed in the Qur'an and caused hatred and sentiment to Jewish people. This is a challenge for the realization of religious moderation, especially for Muslims, to act toward Jews who are not hostile to Islam. Goleman in his theory of emotion competencies provides a perspective on ideal human behavior to analyze the behavior of Israel clan as humans who have emotions and awareness. The purpose of this research is to analyze the despicable behavior of the Israel in Goleman's self-awareness perspective. The methods of this research is literature research (library research). Researchers use content-analysis techniques to draw a valid conclusion based on the object of study. The results of the study concluded that Israel clan did not have good self awareness at that time. This is demonstrated by historical facts from the Qur'an and other books which show the behavior of Israel.
Prevalence of hyperuricemia and its correlation with cardiovascular risk factors in Iraqi subjects of karbalaa city.
Authors: El-Yassin Hedef D. , Al- sharifi Zainab A. , Al-Jebuori Suhair 
Published: September 2023

Background Uric acid an independent risk factor for cardiovascular mortality is still disputed as several studies have suggested that hyperuricemia is merely associated with cardiovascular diseases because of confounding factors such as obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, use of diuretics and insulin resistance .Moreover, there is still no well-established pathophysio-logical link between hyperuricemia and the development of cardiovascular complicationsObjectives: The purpose of the present study is to investigate the prevalence and the clinical correlation of hyperuricemia with cardiovascular risk factors in Karbalaa city in Iraq.Subjects and method: The investigations were performed between October 2009 and June 2010 on 130 subjects of different ages who attended the public clinic in AL- Hussainy teaching hospital in Karbala. Total cholesterol and triglycerides were determined enzymaticaly. High density lipoproteincholesterol was measured similarly after precipitation with magnesium phosphotungstate. Fasting blood glucose was obtained using enzymatic oxidation method. Uric acid was determined using enzymatic methodsResults: 19% of the subjects had the elevated level of serum uric acid. In the current study, positive correlations was found between serum uric acid levels and body mass index, plasma glucose, total and low density lipoprotein - cholesterol and triglyceride levels but a negative correlation between uric acid level and high density lipoprotein -cholesterol level.Conclusion: In conclusion, these data show that hyperuricemia is closely linked to the various components of the metabolic syndrome and independently related to coronary artery disease.
Strong computable type
Authors: Amir Djamel Eddine , Hoyrup Mathieu 
Published: September 2023

A compact set has computable type if any homeomorphic copy of the set which is semicomputable is actually computable. Miller proved that finite-dimensional spheres have computable type, Iljazović and other authors established the property for many other sets, such as manifolds. In this article we propose a theoretical study of the notion of computable type, in order to improve our general understanding of this notion and to provide tools to prove or disprove this property. We first show that the definitions of computable type that were distinguished in the literature, involving metric spaces and Hausdorff spaces respectively, are actually equivalent. We argue that the stronger, relativized version of computable type, is better behaved and prone to topological analysis. We obtain characterizations of strong computable type, related to the descriptive complexity of topological invariants, as well as purely topological criteria. We study two families of topological invariants of low descriptive complexity, expressing the extensibility and the null-homotopy of continuous functions. We apply the theory to revisit previous results and obtain new ones.
Metacognition in Community-Dwelling Older Black and African American Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Authors: Kero Katherine , Halter Colt M. , Moll Allison C. , Hanna Sophie M. , Woodard John L. , Giordani Bruno , Daugherty Ana M. , Kavcic Voyko 
Published: September 2023

Background: Cognitive assessment of older adults typically includes symptom reports and objective evaluations. However, there is often poor agreement between these measures. Cultural norms, stress, and anxiety may also influence cognitive self-appraisal and performance. Little research describes how other factors affect the self-report/objective test discrepancies noted in the literature. Objective: This study investigated whether the disparity between subjective cognitive concerns and objective cognitive performance is related to measures of anxiety and stress in older Black and African American adults. Methods: Telephone screenings were administered to 206 older adults (ages 64–94) during the first year of the pandemic. Demographic data, objective memory (Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status [TICS-m]), an adaptation of the subjective memory measure, the Cognitive Change Questionnaire, emphasizing executive functioning in everyday life [CCQ-e]), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Perceived Stress Scale-4 (PSS4) were measured. Metacognition Discrepancy Index (MDI) was calculated from the standardized residual after regressing TICS-m on CCQ-e scores to quantify the discrepancy between cognitive self-appraisal and objective cognitive functioning. Results: Neither GAD-7 nor PSS-4 moderated the relationship between TICS-m and CCQ-e, and TICS-m scores weakly predicted subjective CCQ-e scores ( F(1, 197)=4.37, p = 0.038, R2 = 0.022). The MDI correlated with stress and anxiety ( rs = 0.294, 0.396, ps < 0.001). Conclusion: Discrepancies exist between objectively measured and self-evaluated cognition. Elevations in stress and anxiety are associated with greater overestimation of cognitive difficulties relative to objective performance. Pandemic-related stressors may have worsened anxiety and diminished self-appraisal of cognitive abilities for some individuals, while others may remain reluctant to acknowledge impairments. Social and emotional factors are meaningful considerations in assessing cognitive difficulties.