bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of serum and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers after vaccination against SARS‐CoV‐2
Authors: Iacono Salvatore , Piccoli Tommaso , Aridon Paolo , Schirò Giuseppe , Blandino Valeria , Tarantino Domenico , Agnello Luisa , Ciaccio Marcello , Ragonese Paolo , Salemi Giuseppe 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectiveVaccines are a major achievement of science, and new vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2 are protecting the entire population from a life‐threatening infection. Although several neurological complications or worsening of pre‐existing neurological conditions after vaccination have been observed, whether a biological plausibility exist between new vaccines against‐SARS‐CoV‐2 and neurological consequences is unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate whether vaccines against SARS‐CoV‐2 induce systemic or cerebrospinal fluid alterations in patients with neurological disorders.MethodsPatients who underwent lumbar puncture (LP) between February 2021 and October 2022 were enrolled. Serum C‐reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), cerebrospinal fluid total protein content (CSF‐TPc), glucose CSF/serum ratio, number of CSF cells per cubic millimeter, and CSF neurofilament light chain (CSF‐NfL) were compared between unvaccinated and vaccinated patients.ResultsA total of 110 patients were included and fitted into three groups according firstly to vaccination status (vaccinated and unvaccinated) and then to time from last dose of vaccine to LP (within or after 3 months). TPc, CSF/SGlu ratio, number of cells per cubic millimeter, CSF‐NfL, CRP, and NLR were not different between groups (all p > 0.05), and also, they did not differ neither according to age nor diagnosis. No relevant differences between groups were also noticed when the at‐risk time window was set to 6 weeks.InterpretationNo signs of neuroinflammation, axonal loss and systemic inflammation were found in patients with neurological disorders after anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccination compared with unvaccinated ones.
Functional Characterization of MC4R Variants in Chinese Morbid Obese Patients and Weight Loss after Bariatric Surgery
Authors: Gong Yingyun , Wu Qinyi , Huang Shushu , Fu Zhenzhen , Ye Jingya , Liu Ruiping , Lin Shibo , Guan Wei , Yang Ningli , Li John Zhong , Liang Hui , Zhou Hongwen 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMutations in MC4R are the most common genetic cause of obesity. In the reported Chinese morbid obesity cohort, 10 out of 59 harbor six MC4R variants, including Y35C, T53I, V103I, R165W, G233S, and C277X, among which V103I has a relatively high frequency, while other five variants are rare in the population. The prevalence of MC4R carriers in Chinese morbid obese patients (body mass index ≥ 45 kg m−2) is detected as 16.9% in this study. R165W and C277X are loss‐of‐function variants. The patient with R165W achieves excess weight loss (%EWL) as high as 20.6% and 50.3% at 1 and 8 months after surgery, respectively. G233S is reported for the first time in Asia obese population. The patient harboring G233S has a %EWL as 23.3% one month postsurgery. It is concluded that morbid obese patients with rare MC4R variants can benefit from metabolic surgery. More importantly, the choice of surgery procedure and MC4R variant should be taken into consideration for personalized treatment. In the future, a larger size cohort, accompanied with regular and longer follow‐up, would be helpful.
Efficient and Stable Inverted Wide‐Bandgap Perovskite Solar Cells and Modules Enabled by Hybrid Evaporation‐Solution Method
Authors: Afshord Amir Zarean , Uzuner Bahri Eren , Soltanpoor Wiria , Sedani Salar H. , Aernouts Tom , Gunbas Gorkem , Kuang Yinghuan , Yerci Selcuk 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWide‐bandgap perovskite solar cells (WBG‐PSCs), when partnered with Si bottom cells in tandem configuration, can provide efficiencies up to 44%; yet, the development of stable, efficient, and scalable WBG‐PSCs is required. Here, the utility of the hybrid evaporation‐solution method (HESM) is investigated to meet these demanding requirements via its unique advantages including ease of control and reproducibility. A PbI2/CsBr layer is co‐evaporated followed by coating of organic‐halide solutions in a green solvent. Bandgaps between 1.55–1.67 eV are systematically screened by varying CsBr and MABr content. Champion efficiencies of 21.06% and 20.35% in cells and 19.83% and 18.73% in mini‐modules (16 cm2) for perovskites with 1.64 and 1.67 eV bandgaps are achieved, respectively. Additionally, 18.51%‐efficient semi‐transparent WBG‐PSCs are implemented in 4T perovskite/bifacial silicon configuration, reaching a projected power output of 30.61 mW cm−2 based on PD IEC TS 60904‐1‐2 (BiFi200) protocol. Despite similar bandgaps achieved by incorporating Br via MABr solution and/or CsBr evaporation, PSCs having a perovskite layer without MABr addition show significantly higher thermal and moisture stability. This study proves scalable, high‐performance, and stable WBG‐PSCs are enabled by HESM, hence their use in tandems and in emerging applications such as indoor photovoltaics are now within reach.
Coordinating Solvent Synthesis of InP Quantum Dots with Large Sizes and Suppressed Defects for Yellow Light‐Emitting Diodes
Authors: Dou Yongjiang , Wang Lin , Wang Yimin , Wu Qianqian , Cao Fan , Wang Sheng , Huang Quanzhen , Ma Yanyan , Yang Xuyong 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNoncoordinating solvents are intensively investigated and used in quantum dot (QD) synthesis since they generally are not involved in the chemical reaction. Here, high‐quality heavy‐metal‐free indium phosphide (InP) QDs are prepared by adopting a coordinating solvent synthesis method in which the trioctylamine (TOA) used is a one of a kind L‐type ligand that can coordinate with the In precursor and compete with the P precursor simultaneously, which decreases the nucleation sites and increases their growth rates, resulting in relatively larger‐sized InP QDs compared to those obtained by the conventional noncoordinating solvent of 1‐octadecene (ODE). By further coating the shell of ZnSe/ZnS, the core/shell structured InP QDs demonstrate a yellow emission with the highest photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQY) of up to 82%. The zinc chloride treatment via in situ ligand exchange further passivates the sulfide vacancies, which not only avoids the luminescence quenching of QDs but also facilitates the hole injection from the hole transport layer (HTL) to QDs. As a result, the resulting yellow InP QDs‐based light emitting diode (QLED) achieves a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 7.76% and an operational lifetime of 290 h at an initial luminance of 100 cd m−2.
Plasmon Enhanced Quantum Properties of Single Photon Emitters with Hybrid Hexagonal Boron Nitride Silver Nanocube Systems
Authors: Dowran Mohammadjavad , Butler Andrew , Lamichhane Suvechhya , Erickson Adam , Kilic Ufuk , Liou Sy‐Hwang , Argyropoulos Christos , Laraoui Abdelghani 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has emerged as a promising ultrathin host of single photon emitters (SPEs) with favorable quantum properties at room temperature, making it a highly desirable element for integrated quantum photonic networks. One major challenge of using these SPEs in such applications is their low quantum efficiency. Recent studies have reported an improvement in quantum efficiency by up to two orders of magnitude when integrating an ensemble of emitters such as boron vacancy defects in multilayered hBN flakes embedded within metallic nanocavities. However, these experiments have not been extended to SPEs and are mainly focused on multiphoton effects. Here, the quantum single‐photon properties of hybrid nanophotonic structures composed of SPEs created in ultrathin hBN flakes coupled with plasmonic silver nanocubes (SNCs) are studied. The authors demonstrate 200% plasmonic enhancement of the SPE properties, manifested by a strong increase in the SPE fluorescence. Such enhancement is explained by rigorous numerical simulations where the hBN flake is in direct contact with the SNCs that cause the plasmonic effects. The presented strong and fast single photon emission obtained at room temperature with a compact hybrid nanophotonic platform can be very useful to various emerging applications in quantum optical communications and computing.
Platinum Catalysed Hydrostannylation of Terminal Alkynes; Highly Selective Synthesis of Vinyl Stannanes
Authors: Roberts Dean D. , McLaughlin Mark G. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe present the first study on the application of platinum complexes in the hydrostannylation of terminal alkynes. A range of platinum complexes were screened, with PtCl2/XPhos proving to provide the best selectivity for the β‐(E)‐vinyl stannane. The catalyst system is able to provide the corresponding vinyl stannane in selectivities which surpasses that which is typically afforded under palladium catalysis. Additionally, a telescoped hydrometallation/cross‐coupling sequence has been developed, allowing for application of the vinyl stannanes without excessive manipulation or purification of the intermediate stannane.magnified image
The impact of COVID‐19 for postoperative outcomes using a nationwide Japanese database of patients undergoing distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer
Authors: Takeuchi Masashi , Endo Hideki , Hibi Taizo , Seishima Ryo , Nakano Yutaka , Yamamoto Hiroyuki , Miyata Hiroaki , Maeda Hiromichi , Hanazaki Kazuhiro , Taketomi Akinobu , Kakeji Yoshihiro , Seto Yasuyuki , Ueno Hideki , Mori Masaki , Kitagawa Yuko 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic had resulted in either failure to provide required medical resources or delayed treatment for gastric cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID‐19 on the incidence of postoperative complications using a nationwide Japanese database of patients undergoing distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer.MethodsWe collected the data of patients who underwent distal gastrectomy from January 2018 to December 2021 from the National Clinical Database (NCD), a web‐based surgical registration system in Japan. The number of surgical cases, the use of intensive care units, and the incidence of morbidity per month were analyzed. We also calculated the standardized mortality ratio (SMR), defined as the ratio of the number of observed patients to the expected number of patients calculated using the risk calculator established in the NCD, for several morbidities, including pneumonia, sepsis, 30‐day mortality, and surgical mortality.ResultsA decrease of 568 gastrectomies was observed from April 2020 to May 2020. Although the absolute number of patients admitted to intensive care units had declined since 2020, the proportion of patients admitted to the ICU did not change before and after the pandemic. Mortality and critical morbidity (such as pneumonia and sepsis) rates were not worse during the pandemic compared to pre‐pandemic periods per the SMR.ConclusionsSurgical management was conducted adequately through the organized efforts of the entire surgery department in our country even in a pandemic during which medical resources and staff may have been limited.
Unveiling Atom Migration Abilities Affected Anode Performance of Sodium‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Zheng Qizheng , Zhou Shiyuan , Tang Shi , Zeng Hongbin , Tang Yonglin , Li Zhengang , Liu Sangui , Xiao Liangping , Huang Ling , Qiao Yu , Sun Shi‐Gang , Liao Hong‐Gang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), the low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) is commonly induced by irreversible phase conversion and difficult desodiation, especially on transition metal compounds (TMCs). Yet the underlying physicochemical mechanism of poor reaction reversibility is still a controversial issue. Herein, by using in situ transmission electron microscopy and in situ X‐ray diffraction, we demonstrate the irreversible conversion of NiCoP@C is caused by the rapid migration of P in carbon layer and preferential formation of isolated Na3P during discharge. By modifying the carbon coating layer, the migration of Ni/Co/P atoms is inhibited, thus the improvement of ICE and cycle stability is realized. The inhibiting of fast atom migration which induces component separation and rapid performance degradation might be applied to a wide range of electrode materials, and guides the development of advanced SIBs.
Interconversion of Highly Entangled Polyhedra into Concave Polyhedra by Nitrate‐Induced Ternary Coordination
Authors: Domoto Yuya , Abe Masahiro , Genov Georgi R. , Yu Zhengsu , Fujita Makoto 
Published: May 2023

AbstractEntangled (M3L2)n polyhedral complexes represent a unique class of supramolecular architectures that are stabilized by relatively weak metal–acetylene interactions in cooperation with conventional metal–pyridyl coordination. Counter‐anion exchange of these complexes with a nitrate (NO3−) ion triggered formal metal insertion between the metal centers, and a heteroleptic ternary coordination mode with acetylenic, pyridyl, and nitrate donors was generated on the metal centers. As a result, the main frameworks of the polyhedral complexes M18L12 and M12L8 were formally extended into a new series of concave polyhedra having the compositions M21L12 and M13L8, respectively. This transformation also resulted in the local disconnection of the highly entangled trifurcate topology of the framework, providing clues toward the skeletal editing of extended and complex three‐dimensional (3D) architectures.
Enhancing Carrier Transport via σ‐Linkage Length Modulation in D‐σ‐A Semiconductors for Photocatalytic Oxidation
Authors: Liu Weixu , He Chang , Huang Sijie , Zhang Kunfeng , Zhu Wei , Liu Liping , Zhang Zijian , Zhu Enwei , Chen Yu , Chen Chen , Zhu Yongfa 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCarrier transport is an equally decisive factor as carrier separation for elevating photocatalytic efficiency. However, limited by indefinite structures and low crystallinities, studies on enhancing carrier transport of organic photocatalysts are still in their infancy. Here, we develop an σ‐linkage length modulation strategy to enhance carrier transport in imidazole‐alkyl‐perylene diimide (IMZ‐alkyl‐PDI, corresponding to D‐σ‐A) photocatalysts by controlling π–π stacking distance. Ethyl‐linkage can shorten π–π stacking distance (3.19 Å) the most among IMZ‐alkyl‐PDIs (where alkyl=none, ethyl, and n‐propyl) via minimizing steric hindrance between D and A moieties, which leads to the fastest carrier transport rates. Thereby, IMZ‐ethyl‐PDI exhibits remarkable enhancement in phenol degradation with 32‐fold higher rates than IMZ‐PDI, as well as the oxygen evolution rate (271‐fold increased). In microchannel reactors, IMZ‐ethyl‐PDI also presents 81.5 % phenol removal with high‐flux surface hydraulic loading (44.73 L m−2 h−1). Our findings provide a promising molecular design guideline for high‐performance photocatalysts and elucidate crucial internal carrier transport mechanisms.
Direct Insertion Polymerization of Ionic Monomers: Rapid Production of Anion Exchange Membranes
Authors: Hsu Jesse H. , Peltier Cheyenne R. , Treichel Megan , Gaitor Jamie C. , Li Qihao , Girbau Renee , Macbeth Alexandra J. , Abruña Héctor D. , Noonan Kevin J. T. , Coates Geoffrey W. , Fors Brett P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe limited number of methods to directly polymerize ionic monomers currently hinders rapid diversification and production of ionic polymeric materials, namely anion exchange membranes (AEMs) which are essential components in emerging alkaline fuel cell and electrolyzer technologies. Herein, we report a direct coordination‐insertion polymerization of cationic monomers, providing the first direct synthesis of aliphatic polymers with high ion incorporations and allowing facile access to a broad range of materials. We demonstrate the utility of this method by rapidly generating a library of solution processable ionic polymers for use as AEMs. We investigate these materials to study the influence of cation identity on hydroxide conductivity and stability. We found that AEMs with piperidinium cations exhibited the highest performance, with high alkaline stability, hydroxide conductivity of 87 mS cm−1 at 80 °C, and a peak power density of 730 mW cm−2 when integrated into a fuel cell device.
Nano‐enabled Quenching of Bacterial Communications for the Prevention of Biofilm Formation
Authors: Gao Meng , Xu Bolong , Huang Yang , Cao Jiayu , Yang Lili , Liu Xi , Djumaev Alisher , Wu Di , Shoxiddinova Moxichexra , Cai Xiaoming , Tojiyev Behruz , Zheng Huizhen , Li Xuehua , Normurodova Kunduz , Liu Huiyu , Li Ruibin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBiofilm formation is a major threat to industry, the environment and human health. While killing of embedded microbes in biofilms may inevitably lead to the evolution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), catalytic quenching of bacterial communications by lactonase is a promising antifouling approach. Given the shortcomings of protein enzymes, it is attractive to engineer synthetic materials to mimic the activity of lactonase. Herein, an efficient lactonase‐like Zn−Nx−C nanomaterial was synthesized by tuning the coordination environment around zinc atoms to mimic the active domain of lactonase for catalytical interception of bacterial communications in biofilm formation. The Zn−Nx−C material could selectively catalyze 77.5 % hydrolysis of N‐acylated‐L‐homoserine lactone (AHL), a critical bacterial quorum sensing (QS) signal in biofilm construction. Consequently, AHL degradation downregulated the expression of QS‐related genes in antibiotic resistant bacteria and significantly prevented biofilm formation. As a proof of concept, Zn−Nx−C‐coated iron plates prevented 80.3 % biofouling after a month exposure in river. Overall, our study provides a nano‐enabled contactless antifouling insight to avoid AMR evolution by engineering nanomaterials for mimicking the key bacterial enzymes (e.g., lactonase) functioning in biofilm construction.
Hyperpolarized 13C NMR Spectroscopy of Urine Samples at Natural Abundance by Quantitative Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization
Authors: Ribay Victor , Dey Arnab , Charrier Benoît , Praud Clément , Mandral Joris , Dumez Jean‐Nicolas , Letertre Marine P. M. , Giraudeau Patrick 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHyperpolarized nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) offers an ensemble of methods that remarkably address the sensitivity issues of conventional NMR. Dissolution Dynamic Nuclear Polarization (d‐DNP) provides a unique and general way to detect 13C NMR signals with a sensitivity enhanced by several orders of magnitude. The expanding application scope of d‐DNP now encompasses the analysis of complex mixtures at natural 13C abundance. However, the application of d‐DNP in this area has been limited to metabolite extracts. Here, we report the first d‐DNP‐enhanced 13C NMR analysis of a biofluid ‐urine‐ at natural abundance, offering unprecedented resolution and sensitivity for this challenging type of sample. We also show that accurate quantitative information on multiple targeted metabolites can be retrieved through a standard addition procedure.
Maldistribution of Chemical Bond Strength Inducing Exceptional Anisotropy of Thermal Conductivity in Non‐Layered Materials
Authors: Hua Yang , Bai Wei , Dai Shengnan , He Rongjie , Nan Pengfei , Sun Liang , Yang Jiong , Sun Bo , Ge Binghui , Xiao Chong , Xie Yi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCurrently, the efforts to find materials with high κ anisotropy ratios mainly focus on layered materials, however, the limited quantity and lower workability comparing to non‐layered ones boost the exploration of non‐layered materials with high κ anisotropy ratios. Here, taking PbSnS3, a typical non‐layered orthorhombic compound, as an example, we propose that maldistribution of chemical bond strength can lead to large anisotropy of κ in non‐layered materials. Our result reveals that the maldistribution of Pb−S bonds lead to obvious collective vibrations of dioctahedron chain units, resulting in an anisotropy ratio up to 7.1 at 200 K and 5.5 at 300 K, respectively, which is one of the highest ever reported in non‐layered materials and even surpasses many classical layered materials such as Bi2Te3 and SnSe. Our findings can not only broaden the horizon for exploring high anisotropic κ materials but also provide new opportunities for the application of thermal management.
Enantioselective Hydroalkenylation and Hydroalkynylation of Alkenes Enabled by a Transient Directing Group: Catalyst Generality through Rigidification**
Authors: Simlandy Amit Kumar , Alturaifi Turki M. , Nguyen Johny M. , Oxtoby Lucas J. , Wong Quynh Nguyen , Chen Jason S. , Liu Peng , Engle Keary M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe catalytic enantioselective synthesis of α‐chiral alkenes and alkynes represents a powerful strategy for rapid generation of molecular complexity. Herein, we report a transient directing group (TDG) strategy to facilitate site‐selective palladium‐catalyzed reductive Heck‐type hydroalkenylation and hydroalkynylation of alkenylaldehyes using alkenyl and alkynyl bromides, respectively, allowing for construction of a stereocenter at the δ‐position with respect to the aldehyde. Computational studies reveal the dual beneficial roles of rigid TDGs, such as L‐tert‐leucine, in promoting TDG binding and inducing high levels of enantioselectivity in alkene insertion with a variety of migrating groups.
The exponential model versus a modified Chamis model and applications to sustainable particulate composites
Authors: Anastasiou Dimitrios E. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe Exponential model is introduced to predict the modulus of particulate or short‐fiber reinforced composites. The model allows the prediction of Young's modulus, bending modulus, shear modulus, and bulk modulus in a series of composites from a single experimental point. Subsequently, a modification of the widely used Chamis model is introduced, also allowing the prediction of particulate composite moduli from a single experimental point. The predictions of each model are compared with original experimental data derived from tension tests on sustainable and bio‐based composites, covering common cases of thermosets and thermoplastics, as well as different chemical treatments and sizes of the reinforcing materials, and are plotted against the predictions of the rule of mixtures, the inverse rule of mixtures and the Chamis model. Two different matrices (PLA and Ecopoxy) and six different reinforcements (chemically treated and untreated Luffa cylindrica short fibers, acetylated and untreated cotton flocks, and olive pits of 1–5 μm or 50–150 μm diameter) are used. The comparisons show that both the proposed models are capable of achieving much higher prediction accuracy (2.28–59.51 times less root mean square error) than the three models already in use, and easily adapting to the matrix and/or reinforcement changes.