bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Research on Regional Spot Market Clearing Model Considering Subregional Power Exchange Constraints
Authors: Du Fei , Hu Rong , Liu Zhong , Zhang Xipeng , Zhang Rui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The goal of the power market is to optimize the allocation of power resources. The regional power spot market can expand the space of market optimization, which makes each sub-regional demand and resource sufficiently complemented, and it is an important part of the power spot market. The difficulty of clearing the regional spot market lies in the following two aspects. One is to take into account the different power market models of each sub-region, and the other is that the regional clearing results can ensure the safety of the power system in each sub-region. This article proposes a dual-layer model that contains the power exchange constraints of the sub-region. Its boundary conditions that are based on the unit commitment results of each sub-region clearing model are used for regional spot market clearing. It is compatible with the possible power spot market model of each sub-region, but also fully considers the clearance of the sub-region. At the same time, it ensures that the regional clearing results will not affect the safe operation of the system in each sub-region. The article verifies the validity of the design area through calculation, and analyzes the clearing effect of the regional market.
Location and Layout of Electric Vehicle Charging Stations Based on K-Means Algorithm
Authors: Zhou Jixiang , Wang Ruixing , Huang Weijian , Zhao Zhong , Zheng Fengfeng , Wang Zhiyun 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The development of the electric vehicle industry can be promoted by the reasonable layout of electric vehicle charging stations. In this study, the construction of charging piles for new energy vehicles in Guangzhou was discussed. Specifically, the location of the charging pile clustering center was selected using the K-Means clustering algorithm. The K-Means clustering results were analyzed through the elbow method to solve the optimal construction partition of charging piles. Simulation modeling revealed that when k=6, charging piles could be used more conveniently when being about 4.8665 km from the dense flow of new energy vehicles under the clustering center mode compared with the situation at the original distance.
Transformer winding mechanical fault diagnosis method based on closing transient acoustic vibration signal
Authors: Song Le , Chen Jiyao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The current conventional transformer winding fault diagnosis method mainly extracts the vibration signal through the time-frequency analysis method, which leads to poor diagnosis due to the lack of analysis of the transformer winding state. In this regard, a transformer winding mechanical fault diagnosis method based on the closing transient acoustic vibration signal is proposed. The closing vibration signals of the transformer in the normal and loose winding states are collected separately, the transformer winding force situation is analysed, and the transformer fault signal characteristics are extracted and combined with a fault classifier to construct a fault diagnosis model. In the experiments, the proposed method is verified for fault identification. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a high correct rate when used to identify different types of transformer faults, and has a more desirable fault diagnosis performance.
Research on Parallel Control Strategy of Grid-forming of Power Conversion System
Authors: Zhou Jinghua , Yan Hao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A high proportion of power electronic equipment, distributed energy, and other new energy access to the grid system, low inertia and low damping to the power grid system, these kinds of power grid characteristics in power electric wire aging remote mountains or island areas, therefore, need energy storage system under the microgrid can provide inertial support for load or grid, improve the system damping characteristics. On this basis, the grid-forming control is proposed, so that the power conversion system can work under the off-grid, and can provide inertia and damping to maintain the system stability. In addition, large-scale energy storage systems often require multiple machines operating in parallel. In this paper, the topology of NPC for a power conversion system is studied and analyzed in off-grid mode.
Fault diagnosis model of main equipment in substation based on multi-mode time-frequency combination
Authors: Zheng Peihao , Dou Guoxian , Gao Liang 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The conventional fault diagnosis method of the main equipment in substations has strong limitations and the fault diagnosis accuracy is low, so this paper introduces the multi-mode time-frequency combination method and designs the fault diagnosis model of the main equipment in substations. First, the transmission mode of fault information of main transformer equipment is analyzed and the fault source is diagnosed. Secondly, the UHF partial discharge method is used to detect the partial discharge signal of the main substation equipment. On this basis, the main equipment fault diagnosis model of the substation is established based on the multi-mode time-frequency combination, and the equipment fault degree is obtained to complete the fault diagnosis. According to the experimental results, the proposed fault diagnosis model is highly feasible, and the accuracy of an insulation fault, overheating fault and discharge fault diagnosis is more than 98%.
Harmonic Loss Calculation Method Based on Fourier Expansion for HVDC System Transformer
Authors: Peng Guangqiang , Huang Zhidi , Xing Yue , Wu Jiyang , He Jingsong , Yan Jing 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The harmonics generated by devices in HVDC (High Voltage Direct Current) system and the harmonics input at the grid side have a great impact on the loss assessment of the converter transformer. Therefore, this paper proposes a simplified and efficient harmonic loss algorithm based on the classical transformer harmonic model, and Fourier transform and generates the code in MATLAB software. Practical engineering examples have proved that the proposed algorithm can accurately calculate the load loss and harmonic loss of the rheology by filtering data in the HVDC system. Therefore, it can solve the problems such as unclear calculation of harmonic resistance in existing standard theoretical algorithms or difficulty in obtaining test data of stray loss and eddy current loss at the fundamental frequency.
Reactive Capability Sizing of HPR1000 NPP in the UK Grid
Authors: Zhang Qingliang , Ye Yulin , Zhang Ping , Liu Sen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
To address the voltage profile, the reactive power requirements in the UK Grid Code have risen due to increasing power flows and the wind turbine system volume. This study strives to figure out the reactive capability of HPR1000 NPP in the UK grid and presents ETAP-based modeling and simulation of the demonstration. The paper first introduces the UK grid’s reactive capability requirements, then analyses the theory of synchronous generator reactive capability and unit transformer tap changer sizing, and finally demonstrates the sizing of reactive generator capability and unit transformer tap changer via load flow studies. The reactive capability requirements of the UK grid are more severe than China, causing the synchronous generator with a larger reactive capability [0.83PF(lagging), 0.98PF(leading)] and the unit transformer with a larger range of on-load tap changer[-10×1.25% / +4×1.25%], which should be concerned during HPR1000 NPP exportation.
Electromagnetic Transient Modeling Method of Photovoltaic Power Station Based on FPGA
Authors: Guo Qi , Li Shengke , Xia Shiwei , Guo Haiping , Li Shuyong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The rapid development of renewable energy needs the effective support of simulation technology. Aiming at the shortage of both modeling scale and simulation accuracy of the current large-scale photovoltaic power station, an electromagnetic transient modeling and real-time simulation method suitable for large-scale photovoltaic power stations are proposed. The microsecond accurate real-time simulation of 24 photovoltaic power units is implemented on a single FPGA. Through an equivalent modeling method, the electromagnetic transient model of a photovoltaic power unit including a PV array, DC boost circuit, grid-connected inverter, filter, and grid-side transformer is established. Then, based on the FPGA parallel computing and pipeline time division multiplexing technology, the updating framework of the station collecting network and the power unit is constructed, and the real-time simulation model of the station including 24 photovoltaic power units in 4 sub-stations is built. Finally, the microsecond real-time simulation of the photovoltaic power station is realized through RTRES, a self-developed real-time simulator in China’s Southern Power Grid. The comparison with the detailed PSCAD model shows that the simulation error is within ± 2%, which verifies the correctness of the proposed method and model.
Transient Analysis and Prevention Measures of Lightning Strikes on Step-up Transformers in Wind Farms
Authors: Yang Bin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Wind farms are mainly located in open and windy mountainous areas with complex climatic and topographic conditions, and the operation of equipment is inevitably affected by thunderstorms. In this paper, an electromagnetic transient analysis model for lightning strikes on collector lines is established with the use of the ATP-EMTP software. The overvoltage situation of step-up transformers subjected to lightning strikes on towers is analysed, and it is pointed out that existing lightning protection measures cannot effectively prevent the three-phase invasion caused by large current lightning, and a lightning protection strategy of installing a set of lightning arresters in the 35 kV bushing of the main transformer is proposed. A transformer trapezoidal equivalent circuit analysis model is established, and the effectiveness of the lightning protection measures are verified through simulation calculations, providing a technical reference for lightning protection in wind farms in multi-thunderstorm areas.
Reactive Power Optimization of Sub-Blubber Rod in Active Distribution Network Based on Improved Grey Markov Model
Authors: Qi Fang , Song Zhuoran , Guo Yong , Liu Cong , Li Jianfeng , Yu Jia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
A wattless power optimization method for active energy distribution networks based on an improved grey Markov model was studied to improve the voltage drop caused by unreasonable wattless power distribution in centralized electricity supply modes. Select the normalized residual sequence method to modify the non-biased grey GM(1,1) model, use the non-biased grey GM(1,1) model that has completed the residual correction to obtain the system voltage index sequence, and use the Markov model to divide the system voltage index sequence Use the Markov state to establish an improved grey Markov model to obtain the prediction results of the system voltage of centralized electricity supply mode; take the lowest deviation of the system voltage prediction control as the goal, and establish the goal of the wattless power output of centralized electricity supply mode Function to solve the objective function under the condition of satisfying the system voltage constraint and the wattless power adjustment capacity constraint of centralized electricity supply mode, and realize the wattless power optimization of centralized electricity supply mode. The case analysis results indicate that this research method can achieve wattless power optimization of distribution networks.
Wind induced coupling effects of transmission tower-line system at microtopography
Authors: Zhong Weijun , Yao Jianfeng , Tu Zhibin , Xu Haiwei 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The coupled and uncoupled Dynamic Finite Element Models (DFEMs) of the transmission tower-line system consisting of two towers and three spans of conductors and ground wires were built at the windward and crosswind slope of a cosinoidal hill. The acceleration ratios of mean wind profiles of cosinoidal mountains were summarized from previous studies, then the mean wind profile over the windward, crosswind and leeward slopes were revised. The wind loads acting on the transmission tower-line system were calculated based on the revised profile. The wind-induced dynamic responses of the coupled and uncoupled DFEMs were detected, and the coupling effects on reaction force of hanging points, displacements and accelerations at the tower top, axial forces of main rods and wind-induced vibration coefficients were analysed. The results show that due to the lack of the TMD-like effect, the uncoupled system is more sensitive to wind load and has significant wind-induced vibration compared to the coupled system, making the three-dimensional force of the hanging point, displacements and accelerations at the tower top, axial forces of main rods increasing, but the wind-induced vibration coefficients change little. Generally, the coupling effects of the tower-line system are significant. Ignoring it will make the structural design of transmission towers conservative.
Hybrid Power Retrofitting Study for a Platform Supply Vessel
Authors: Wang Xincai , Gao Haibo , Li Cheng , Sun Yubo , Yan Junhui , Sun Wanfeng 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This paper takes a platform supply vessel as the parent vessel and introduces its power system configuration and working conditions; to meet the requirements of carbon emissions reduction and improve economic efficiency, a preliminary program of marine hybrid power retrofitting of diesel generator sets assisted with Lithium battery module is proposed on the base of analyzing its working conditions, the fuel consumptions and carbon emissions are compared between before and after the retrofitting, etc. According to the calculation results, the paper concludes that the investment payback period of the refitting is about 6.38 years, and this refitting will have good economic benefits and social benefits.
The Influence of Decentralized Charging Pile Connection on Voltage Deviation of Distribution Network
Authors: Tang Zhirui 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In this study, a mathematical model was developed to describe the charging process of a charging pile. The PWM charging process was determined, and a mathematical model for the DC-DC output of the charging pile was constructed. Prior to the photovoltaic connection, the voltage distribution of the distribution network was determined, and the line voltage drop was obtained. The impact of the access capacity of distributed charging piles on the voltage of the distribution network was analyzed. Furthermore, the line voltage drop between nodes was determined, and the nodes were balanced to calculate the voltage of each node at this time. This analysis enabled the investigation of the impact of distributed charging pile access on the voltage deviation of the distribution network. The results indicate that the calculation error of voltage deviation in the distribution network is only 0.002, with a maximum prediction accuracy of 99.0%.
Research on Dispatching Coordination Control Method of Distribution Network with Photovoltaic Power Generation
Authors: Yang Zhongfan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The coordination control of photovoltaic power distribution networks faces challenges such as inaccurate load power prediction and long coordination times. To address these issues, this paper proposes a scheduling coordination control method for photovoltaic power distribution networks. The method involves analyzing the structure of the photovoltaic power generation system, obtaining the operation state of the network using disturbance observation methods, building a dispatching coordination control model, designing constraints for dispatching coordination control, building a power balance function, and solving the total demand power of the load. An algorithm flow is designed to optimize the coordination control of photovoltaic distribution networks. Experimental results demonstrate that the accuracy of photovoltaic unit power prediction using this method reaches 98%, with power grid dispatching and coordination control times always less than 3.8 seconds. This approach effectively improves the effectiveness of distribution network dispatching and coordination control.
Reactive Power Optimization of Distributed PVConnected to Three-Phase Unbalanced Distribution Network
Authors: Kuang Zijia 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
This study presents an approach to optimize reactive power in three-phase unbalanced distribution networks using an enhanced particle swarm optimization algorithm. The study analyzes the characteristics of reactive power optimization and establishes a reactive power optimization model for the distribution network using a multi-objective optimization method. Inequality constraints are utilized to determine the reactive power optimization model constraints for three-phase unbalanced distribution networks. The study applies an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm to solve the reactive power model and achieve optimization. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method considerably reduces the unused power of the optimized power network within 0-500ms and achieves a maximum reactive power optimization time of fewer than 8.2s, thereby enhancing the efficiency of reactive power optimization in distribution networks.
Quantum approximate optimization algorithm parameter prediction using a convolutional neural network
Authors: Xie Ningyi , Lee Xinwei , Cai Dongsheng , Saito Yoshiyuki , Asai Nobuyoshi 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a quantum-classical hybrid algorithm aiming to produce approximate solutions for combinatorial optimization problems. In the QAOA, the quantum part prepares a quantum parameterized state that encodes the solution, where the parameters are optimized by a classical optimizer. However, it is difficult to find optimal parameters when the quantum circuit becomes deeper. Hence, there is numerous active research on the performance and the optimization cost of QAOA. In this work, we build a convolutional neural network to predict parameters of depth p + 1 QAOA instance by the parameters from the depth p QAOA counterpart. We propose two strategies based on this model. First, we recurrently apply the model to generate a set of initial values for a certain depth QAOA. It successfully initiates depth 10 QAOA instances, whereas each model is only trained with the parameters from depths less than 6. Second, the model is applied repetitively until the maximum expected value is reached. An average approximation ratio of 0.9759 for Max-Cut over 264 Erdős–Rényi graphs is obtained, while the optimizer is only adopted for generating the first input of the model.
Quantum properties of nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond coupled to mechanical resonators
Authors: Liao Qinghong , Xiao Min , Qiu Haiyan , Song Menglin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The optical absorption spectrum of the hybrid system composed of the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center coupled to the mechanical resonators is. investigated. Based on the pump-probe technology, the electronically induced transparency (EIT) is observed and the reasonable explanation for this transparency is given. We demonstrate that the position of the transparency is equal to the detuning difference. In addition, a completely new scheme to measure the coupling between the NV center and current carrying carbon nanotube mechanical resonator is obtained. Furthermore, an optical approach to measure the frequency of the vibrating graphene mechanical resonator is proposed. This work can provide some help for the application in the field of high-precision measurement and quantum information processing.
A depth discrimination method based on the scintillation of frequency domain
Authors: Wang Xueyan , Gao Yuan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
An innovative algorithm of target depth discrimination suitable for passive horizontal array in shallow sea is discussed in this paper. Based on the idea of modal scintillation theory, a new target depth discrimination method of high calculation speed for horizontal array is proposed by analysing the commonness between frequency domain energy of low-frequency broadband signals and modal excitation. This method avoids the mode decomposition of the horizontal array signals, greatly reduces the complexity, improves the stability, has a fast calculation speed and can perform the real-time depth judgment. In this paper, the principle of the algorithm is derived in detail in the theoretical aspect, and then the algorithm is simulated in the shallow sea environment to verify its effectiveness, and the influence of different influencing factors on the performance of the algorithm is explored. At the same time, the algorithm is verified by the actual experimental data and achieves good results, indicating that the algorithm has certain practical application value in the target depth discrimination domain.
A port and starboard fuzziness suppressed algorithm based on vector directivity zero
Authors: Chen Nuo , Gao Yuan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Conventional linear array based on acoustic pressure hydrophone can not distinguish the target signal from the port side, so it can not locate the target accurately. The vector hydrophone has natural directivity and can be resolved from starboard to starboard after being formed. However, in practical engineering, it is necessary to further improve the resolution of starboard to starboard because of noise or interference, etc. A new method of port and starboard suppression based on directivity of vector linear array is proposed. The simulation results show that the starboard suppression ratio of vector beam output is enhanced. Experimental data processing results show that this method can suppress the starboard ambiguity of vector beamforming and improve the starboard resolution of vector linear array. The processing results verify the feasibility of the algorithm, and the algorithm has certain application value.
Research on the simulation environment of hard X-ray nanoprobe beamline station
Authors: Liu Yuhao , Li Aiguo , He Yan , Zheng Lifang , Zhao Ying 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
In the hard X-ray nanoprobe beamline station, experiments need to be performed by adjusting the optical equipment in order to obtain good beamline performance. Due to many factors, only through the use of intelligent optimization, the beamline performance can be quickly improved. Therefore, an intelligent optimization method is proposed in this work to improve the performance of the beamline rapidly by using an adaptive algorithm to optimize the motor shaft of each device. Moreover, this paper introduces the simulation environment of the hard X-ray nanoprobe beamline equipment. In this environment, a multi-axis parallel optimization model of several optical devices is designed, and the ionization chamber feedback is replaced by Rastrigin function. Furthermore, the differential evolution algorithm is used to verify the model. The optimization tests of multiple devices in the beamline are carried out, and the automatic optimization of the devices is realized. As for the theoretical result, the designed intelligent beamline optimization program is capable of converging to the optimal value within 3-6 minutes on the simulation platform, this automated process could potentially enhance beamline adjusting efficiency by 10-20 times compared to manual beamline adjusting.