bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Wind impacts on buildings in Hong Kong during super Typhoon Mangkhut
Authors: Wang Huanhuan , Wang Qun , Fu Zhaowan , Tang Jia , Chan Pak Wai , Zheng Xing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Typhoons, among the most devastating natural hazards, have caused billions in property losses and posed significant threats to human safety globally. Damage to urban structures, particularly building windows, constitutes a major component of direct losses caused by typhoons. This study investigates wind impacts on buildings using large-eddy simulations (LES) in three neighbourhoods where window shattering occurred in Hong Kong during Typhoon Mangkhut. The focus is on three buildings among which two had shattered window glass multiple times in the past years during typhoons. It is commonly believed that wind pressure exceeding a threshold for window breakage is the primary cause. However, our results indicate that the maximum pressure on target walls where window breakage occurred can only reach up to −1.90 kPa, which does not exceed the threshold of the Hong Kong standard for curtain walls set at −2.86 kPa. The maximum pressure in the neighborhood can reach up to −5.47 kPa, occurring in regions of high wind speed downstream of the tallest buildings, where the Venturi effect and downwash effect combine. Although the wind speed and pressure are not as high as expected, the turbulence kinetic energy is extremely high. Therefore, designing curtain walls may need to consider wind speed, pressure, and turbulence to ensure structural resilience and safety.
Examination of adolescent and youth modern contraceptive users’ perceptions on how religion influences contraceptive use and their rationale and circumstances of use: qualitative evidence from Burkina Faso, Kenya and Niger
Authors: Speizer Ilene S. , Bazie Fiacre , Maytan-Joneydi Amelia , Mushomi John A. , Chaibou Sanoussi , Boukary Kindo , Agali Balki Ibrahim , Rwenyo Julius 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
While religion is a key determining factor of contraceptive use, few studies examine how religion influences adolescent and youth contraceptive attitudes, beliefs, and use. We use recently collected (August–November 2022) qualitative data from Burkina Faso, Kenya, and Niger among young users of modern contraception who practice Christianity or Islam. In-depth interviews with married and unmarried young women ages 18–24 years were conducted in two sites in each country to obtain a mix of religions and method users. In each country, many young Christian and Muslim women perceived that their religion is not supportive of contraceptive use. Some nuances around perceived acceptability of use were identified in Niger and among Muslim women in Kenya particularly for married women for spacing or health reasons. Reasons given for using related to realities of life, personal choices, and that use is their prerogative and God will forgive them. Most married women felt there would be few consequences if their religious community learned of their use whereas unmarried young women feared more consequences from their religious and broader community. These findings demonstrate that while religion is important in all three study contexts, decisions around contraceptive use among the young women included were not necessarily influenced by their religious beliefs and practices. As a greater number of young people adopt contraception, with or without perceived religious support, social norms are likely to change leading to increased access to contraception for all young women, married and unmarried, when or if they need it.
An extended state repetitive observer formulation for periodic/polynomial signal rejection in feedback control schemes
Authors: Coral-Enriquez Horacio , Otero-Leal Jeisson E. , Cortés-Romero John 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Repetitive control is a renowned method for managing periodic disturbances and references in control systems. Despite its effectiveness, performance issues arise when confronting disturbances like polynomial or sinusoidal signals. To enhance its capability, we introduce an extended state repetitive observer by incorporating internal models of periodic, sinusoidal, and polynomial signals into a novel observer framework. This design empowers the observer to adeptly reject and track both periodic and combined sinusoidal+polynomial signals. Beyond addressing the limitations of traditional repetitive control, our observer offers precise disturbance estimation for further analysis and feedback implementation. The observer’s performance is demonstrated through experimental validation within a control setup across various scenarios, focusing on its ability to reject periodic disturbances and track periodic signals effectively.
Mitigation of flow separation in a highly bent intake duct with active and passive flow control
Authors: Max P. , Stößel M. , Kožulović D. , Krummenauer M. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Typically, the fuselage of a modern military aircraft is designed in such a way that the propulsion system is integrated into it. The main reasons are reduction of installation space and minimisation of radar signature. Those requirements can be achieved by using highly bent engine intakes, which are occluding a direct line of sight to the compressor system. Depending on their design, secondary flows and flow separation can be expected due to the strong curvature of the intake system. In this study, a serpentine intake in front of the Larzac 04 test engine is investigated experimentally and its performance compared with and without flow stabilising measures. In detail, a configuration with vortex generators was compared experimentally with a configuration of active flow control by injected air. In order to analyse and compare the efficiency of both systems, the dimensionless total pressure coefficient, the distortion coefficient (DC60) and detailed surface pressure distributions as well as the aerodynamic interface plane are evaluated. In addition, different throttle lines were recorded for surge line evaluation of the low pressure compressor of the Larzac engine and compared for each flow-stabilising measure investigated. It was found that the application of injecting air showed a larger improvement in surge margin and reduction in distortion coefficients compared to the passive flow control.
Effects of personality, motives, and socioeconomics on hard cider consumption
Authors: Gustavsen Geir W. , Rickertsen Kyrre 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe used a survey to investigate the effects of personality, motives, and socioeconomics for drinking hard cider among 3,373 Norwegian respondents in 2023. Wine interest, cultural interest, having a high score on conspicuous attitude, or being female increased the predicted consumption frequencies of hard cider. Scoring high on the taste index, being a conscientious respondent, being older, higher educated, or believing religion is important reduced the predicted frequencies. The estimated effects were compared with the corresponding effects for red, white, and sparkling wines. Cultural interest and wine interest are the main motives for hard cider and all categories of wine.
‘La Nación y la Emigración’: How Post-Soviet Era Cuba Designed its Diaspora Statecraft
Authors: Kami Hideaki 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis article assesses the inner workings of Cuban diaspora statecraft behind the ‘La Nación y la Emigración’ Conference, post-Soviet era Cuba's first major outreach to the Cuban community abroad. In contrast to works observing how changing emigration demographics might have transformed Cuba, this study argues that the Cuban state purposefully tried to reshape the homeland–diaspora relationship through the design of its emigration strategies. Because the Cuban geopolitics of mobility had profound security, economic and ideological implications, the leadership discussed not just how to neutralise the counterrevolution abroad but how to address both the diaspora's needs and popular sentiment at home.
Human–elephant conflict in expanding Asian elephant range in east-central India: implications for conservation and management
Authors: Natarajan Lakshminarayanan , Nigam Parag , Pandav Bivash 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Chhattisgarh, India, harbours a metapopulation of 250–300 Asian elephants Elephas maximus that has expanded its range from neighbouring states since 2000. Elephants in the state occur across a mosaic of forests interspersed with agricultural settlements, leading to frequent interactions with people, some of which culminate in conflict. We assessed patterns of crop losses as a result of elephant incursions, at two spatial scales. We found widespread crop losses, with 1,426 settlements in and around 10 forest divisions and four protected areas reporting elephant-related crop losses during 2015–2020. At the landscape scale, spanning c. 39,000 km2, intensity of habitat use by elephants, forest cover and number of forest patches explained variations in intensity of crop losses. At a finer spatial scale, covering c. 1,200 km2 of forest–agriculture matrix in Surguja, probability of crop loss was low near roads but high close to forest patches and was also affected by patch heterogeneity. Both male and female elephant groups fed on crops. As areas with high crop losses are also areas used intensively by elephants, management to increase elephant occupancy in relatively large and connected forest patches is imperative, to minimize crop losses and improve elephant conservation. Concomitantly, expansion of elephant range into agricultural areas that lack forests should be discouraged. In forest divisions, options to reduce negative human–elephant interactions include institutionalizing elephant monitoring, transparent and prompt ex gratia payment for crop losses, and the use of portable physical barriers.
Is structural priming a possible mechanism of language change in heritage language grammars? Some evidence from accusative clitic doubling in Spanish
Authors: Hurtado Irati , Montrul Silvina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The language of heritage speakers is characterized by variability and structural innovations compared to the baseline grammar of first-generation immigrants. Although many factors contribute to these differences, this study considers structural priming with structures that do not exist in the majority language as a potential mechanism for language change. The linguistic focus is accusative clitic doubling, which exists in some Spanish varieties, but which is unacceptable in others. Our research examined how flexible heritage speakers’ grammars are compared to baseline speakers, and to what extent heritage speakers adopt structures attested in the diachronic development and in other varieties of their heritage language. In two studies, we tested the acceptability of accusative clitic doubling and primed accusative clitic doubling in oral production. Results showed that heritage speakers of Spanish are somewhat accepting of innovative structures and more sensitive to structural priming compared to baseline speakers, who are generally not.
A compositional approach to modeling cause-specific mortality with zero counts
Authors: Dong Zhe Michelle , Shang Han Lin , Hui Francis , Bruhn Aaron 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Understanding and forecasting mortality by cause is an essential branch of actuarial science, with wide-ranging implications for decision-makers in public policy and industry. To accurately capture trends in cause-specific mortality, it is critical to consider dependencies between causes of death and produce forecasts by age and cause coherent with aggregate mortality forecasts. One way to achieve these aims is to model cause-specific deaths using compositional data analysis (CODA), treating the density of deaths by age and cause as a set of dependent, nonnegative values that sum to one. A major drawback of standard CODA methods is the challenge of zero values, which frequently occur in cause-of-death mortality modeling. Thus, we propose using a compositional power transformation, the

$\alpha$

-transformation, to model cause-specific life-table death counts. The

$\alpha$

-transformation offers a statistically rigorous approach to handling zero value subgroups in CODA compared to ad hoc techniques: adding an arbitrarily small amount. We illustrate the

$\alpha$

-transformation in England and Wales and US death counts by cause from the Human Cause-of-Death database, for cardiovascular-related causes of death. The results demonstrate the

$\alpha$

-transformation improves forecast accuracy of cause-specific life-table death counts compared with log-ratio-based CODA transformations. The forecasts suggest declines in the proportions of deaths from major cardiovascular causes (myocardial infarction and other ischemic heart diseases).
Increased North African Dust Fluxes and Higher Productivity in the Eastern Equatorial Atlantic Ocean Linked to Stronger Trade Winds From About 2.7 Million Years ago
Authors: Crocker Anya J. , Jewell Amy M. , Mitsunaga Bryce A. , Buchanan Solana , Brombacher Anieke , Hambach Bastian , Wilding Megan R. , Westerhold Thomas , Röhl Ursula , Russell James M. , Herbert Timothy D. , Xuan Chuang , Wilson Paul A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractFor at least the last 11 million years, the North African landscape has repeatedly oscillated on astronomical timescales between the dry dusty conditions of today and more humid, vegetated conditions such as those documented for the mid‐Holocene. These changes were primarily driven by expansion and contraction of the tropical rainbelt in response to changes in summer insolation. However, other mechanisms are needed to explain temporal variability in the sensitivity of African humidity to this rhythmic forcing. A main interval of observed change is the Pliocene‐Pleistocene transition (∼3.5–2.4 Ma) when Africa is widely (but not universally) suggested to have become drier and dustier. Here we present new suborbitally resolved records of surface ocean temperature, foraminiferal stable isotopes and export productivity from the Northwest African margin and the eastern equatorial Atlantic Ocean and compare them to published records. We find strong coupling at astronomical timescales between productivity and dust fluxes throughout our study interval, indicating the sustained influence of the northeast trade winds on dust transport, upwelling strength and perhaps dust‐driven ocean fertilization. We attribute observed increases in dust fluxes delivered to the NW African margin and eastern equatorial Atlantic to strengthening of the trade winds driven by the steepening latitudinal temperature gradients associated with the intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation. Taken together with published evidence of increased strength in the mid‐latitude westerlies at this time, our results point to invigoration of large‐scale atmospheric circulation globally during intensified glacial periods of the Pliocene‐Pleistocene transition.
Energy and climate policy implications on the deployment of low-carbon ammonia technologies
Authors: Chyong Chi Kong , Italiani Eduardo , Kazantzis Nikolaos 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The economic feasibility of low-carbon ammonia production pathways, such as steam methane reforming with carbon capture and storage, biomass gasification, and electrolysis, is assessed under various policy frameworks, including subsidies, carbon pricing, and renewable hydrogen regulations. Here, we show that employing a stochastic techno-economic analysis at the plant level and a net present value approach under the US Inflation Reduction Act reveals that carbon capture and biomass pathways demonstrate strong economic potential due to cost-effectiveness and minimal public support needs. Conversely, the electrolytic pathway faces significant economic challenges due to higher costs and lower efficiency. We conclude that efficient decarbonization of ammonia production requires adapting the Haber-Bosch process for variable bioenergy quality, ensuring safe CO2 transport and storage, advancing research to lower costs and improve efficiency in renewable energy and storage technologies, as well as creating a technologically neutral policy framework.
Error mitigation in brainbox quantum autoencoders
Authors: Pazem Joséphine , Ansari Mohammad H. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Quantum hardware faces noise challenges that disrupt multiqubit entangled states. Quantum autoencoder circuits with a single qubit bottleneck have demonstrated the capability to correct errors in noisy entangled states. By introducing slightly more complex structures in the bottleneck, referred to as brainboxes, the denoising process can occure more quickly and efficiently in the presence of stronger noise channels. Selecting the most suitable brainbox for the bottleneck involves a trade-off between the intensity of noise on the hardware and training complexity. Finally, by analysing the Rényi entropy flow throughout the networks, we demonstrate that the localization of entanglement plays a central role in denoising through learning.
Proteome-wide mendelian randomization identifies causal plasma proteins in interstitial lung disease
Authors: Yu Kunrong , Li Wanying , Long Wenjie , Li Yijia , Li Yanting , Liao Huili , Liu Jianhong 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) has shown limited treatment advancements, with minimal exploration of circulating protein biomarkers causally linked to ILD and its subtypes beyond idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In this study, we aimed to identify potential drug targets and circulating protein biomarkers for ILD and its subtypes. We utilized the most recent large-scale plasma protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) data detected from the antibody-based method and ILD and its subtypes’ GWAS data from the updated FinnGen database for Mendelian randomization analysis. To enhance the reliability of causal associations, we conducted external validation and sensitivity analyses, including Bayesian colocalization and bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. Our study identified eight plasma proteins genetically associated with ILD or its subtypes. Among these, three proteins—CDH15 (Cadherin-15), LTBR (Lymphotoxin-beta receptor), and ADAM15 (A disintegrin and metalloproteinase 15)—emerged as priority biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets, demonstrating more reliable associations by passing a series of sensitivity analyses compared to the others. Based on these findings, we propose for the first time that CDH15, ADAM15, and LTBR hold promise as novel potential circulating protein biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the diagnosis and treatment of ILD, IPF, and sarcoidosis, respectively, especially ADAM15, and these findings have the potential to provide new perspectives for advancing the research on the heterogeneity of ILD.
Rapamycin inhibits tamoxifen-induced endometrial proliferation in vitro as a pilot approach for endometrial protection in breast cancer
Authors: Nakamura Akiko , Tanaka Yuji , Amano Tsukuru , Takebayashi Akie , Takahashi Akimasa , Hanada Tetsuro , Yoneoka Yutaka , Tsuji Shunichiro , Murakami Takashi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Tamoxifen, a common adjuvant therapy for hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, is associated with an increased risk of endometrial pathologies, such as hyperplasia, polyps, and carcinoma. This study investigates rapamycin, an mTOR inhibitor, as a potential novel strategy for preventing tamoxifen-induced endometrial proliferation. This in vitro study utilised endometrial stromal cells isolated from infertile women. The cells were treated with tamoxifen alone or in combination with rapamycin, and proliferation was assessed using the CCK-8 assay. The activation of the mTOR pathway, as well as apoptosis and cell cycle markers, was evaluated by Western blotting to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these effects. The study design emphasised simulating clinically relevant exposure levels. Tamoxifen significantly increased endometrial cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. Rapamycin effectively inhibited this proliferation, even at concentrations lower than those typically observed in clinical settings. Quantitative analysis by Western blotting showed activation of the mTOR pathway and cell cycle in the tamoxifen group, and inhibition of these pathways in the tamoxifen plus rapamycin combination group, whereas there was no change in apoptosis. In conclusion, rapamycin shows promise as a prophylactic agent against tamoxifen-induced endometrial pathologies, with potential implications for fertility preservation and endometrial protection in breast cancer patients.
Introducing maximum sustainable yield targets in fisheries could enhance global food security
Authors: Elleby Christian , Domínguez Ignacio Pérez , Nielsen Rasmus , Nielsen Max , Hoff Ayoe 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Aquatic foods are crucial for global food and nutrition security, but overfishing has led to depleted fish stocks, threatening both food security and the environment. Here, we combine a fish stock model with a global agriculture and food market model in order to analyze scenarios involving a continuation of current fishing trends versus optimal management through maximum sustainable yield targets. Maximum sustainable yield management of overfished stocks could increase yields by 10.6 Megatons, equivalent to 12% of total catches and 6% of aquatic animal production in 2022. This would alleviate the need for aquaculture expansion by an equivalent of 3 years of growth in the aquaculture sector at its current level, and reduce meat and feed demand. Lower food prices and additional supply could enhance global food security. Conversely, continued overfishing will likely lead to lower catches over time, adding pressure to the agricultural and aquaculture sectors. Although maximum sustainable yield management is not a panacea, it represents a positive step towards achieving sustainable food production.
The VELOCE modulation zoo
Authors: Netzel H. , Anderson R. I. , Viviani G. 
Published: January 2025

Context. Line splitting in spectral lines is observed in various types of stars due to phenomena such as shocks, spectroscopic binaries, magnetic fields, spots, and nonradial modes. In pulsating stars, line splitting is often attributed to pulsation-induced shocks. However, this is rarely observed in classical Cepheids, with only a few reports; these include X Sagittarii and BG Crucis, where it has been linked to atmospheric shocks.
Aims. We aim to investigate line splitting in X Sgr and BG Cru using spectroscopic time series and search for similar phenomena in other classical Cepheids.
Methods. High signal-to-noise cross-correlation-function (CCF) time series from the VELOcities of CEpheids (VELOCE) project are analyzed. This dataset spans several years, allowing us to study the periodicities and evolution of CCF features. For X Sgr and BG Cru, we performed a detailed analysis of the individual components of the split CCFs. Additionally, we searched for periodicities in CCF variations and examined other classical Cepheids for distortions resembling unresolved line splitting.
Results. We confirm line splitting in X Sgr and BG Cru, trace the features over time, and uncover the periodicity behind them. Several other Cepheids also exhibit CCF humps, suggesting unresolved or marginally resolved line splitting. We discuss the incidence and characteristics of these stars.
Conclusions. The periodicity of line splitting in X Sgr and BG Cru differs significantly from the dominant pulsation period, ruling out pulsation-induced shocks. The periodicities are too short for rotation-related phenomena, suggesting nonradial modes as the most likely explanation, though their exact nature remains unknown. We also identify humps in six additional stars, indicating an incidence rate of 3% in the VELOCE sample.