bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Context Changes Everything
Authors: Juarrero Alicia 
Published: March 2023

From the influential author of Dynamics in Action, how the concepts of constraints provide a way to rethink relationships, opening the way to intentional, meaningful causation.
Grounding her work in the problem of causation, Alicia Juarrerochallenges previously held beliefs that only forceful impacts are causes. Constraints, she claims, bring about effects as well, and they enable the emergence of coherence. In Context Changes Everything, Juarrero shows that coherence is induced by enabling constraints, not forceful causes, and that the resulting coherence is then maintained by constitutive constraints. Constitutive constraints, in turn, become governing constraints that regulate and modulate the way coherent entities behave. Using the tools of complexity science, she offers a rigorously scientific understanding of identity, hierarchy, and top-down causation, and in so doing, presents a new way of thinking about the natural world.
Juarrero argues that personal identity, which has been thought to be conferred through internal traits (essential natures), is grounded in dynamic interdependencies that keep coherent structures whole. This challenges our ideas of identity, as well as the notion that stability means inflexible rigidity. On the contrary, stable entities are brittle and cannot persist. Complexity science, says Juarrero, can shape how we meet the world, how what emerges from our interactions finds coherence, and how humans can shape identities that are robust and resilient. This framework has significant implications for sociology, economics, political theory, business, and knowledge management, as well as psychology, religion, and theology. It points to a more expansive and synthetic philosophy about who we are and about the coherence of living and nonliving things alike.
Phytochemicals, Antioxidants and Glycemic Index Assessment of Lablab purpureus (Lablab Bean) and Phaseolus lunatus (Lima Bean) Seeds
Authors: Adekunle Amoo, Isiaka , Mary Balogun, Temitayo , Ukamaka Ibeto, Augustina , Olubunmi Adeboye, Omolara 
Published: March 2023

Some legumes are commonly used as commercial food crops in West Africa while others are lesser known, neglected or underutilized. This research work is aimed at the evaluation of the chemical compositions and possible utilization of the legume Lablab purpureus and Phaseolus lunatus samples to solve metabolic diseases. The evaluation of the chemical compositions and glycemic index (GI) of both seeds were carried out using standard methods. Phytochemical screening conducted on the seeds showed the presence of tannin, saponin, alkaloid and flavonoids in both samples. The results of antioxidant properties of the seeds showed that Phaseolu slunatus and Lablab purpureushave Vitamin C (35.01 ± 0.02 and8.75± 0.03)mg/g, ferric reducing property (20.54 ± 0.02and 12.75 ± 0.03)mg/g, phenol (2.02 ± 0.02 and 2.05 ± 0.02)mg/g, flavonoids (3.47 ± 0.11 and3.22 ± 0.02) % andfree radical scavenging property (46.52 ±0.05 and 60.16 ±0.32)% respectively.The anti-nutrient results showed tannin (1.07 ± 0.01 and 1.22 ± 0.02)%, saponin (4.66 ± 0.05 and 5.15 5.15 ± 0.05)%, oxalate (3.20 ± 0.19 and 5.19 ± 0.19)mg/g, phytate(6.51 ± 0.01 and 2.64 ± 0.01) % for Lablab purpureus and Phaseoluslunatusseeds are respectively.The glycemic indices observed are ( 50.86 and 58.21)% forLablab purpureus and Phaseoluslunatusseeds respectively. The findings revealed that both seeds possessed good nutritional quality required in human diet together with adequate antioxidant properties plus low and medium glycemic indices that could help in fighting various cardiovascular diseases and prove them to be good sources of neutraceuticals required for a healthy living especially in diabetic patients.
Effect of Liquid Jeevamrutha on Growth Yield and Quality of China Aster (Callistephus chinensis [L.] Nees.)
Authors: Hegde Bhagyashree Narayana , Mastiholi Anand B. , Patil B. C. , Thammaiah N. , Shantappa T. , Patil Rudragouda , Patil Suvarna 
Published: March 2023

The experiment on “Effect of liquid jeevamrutha on growth yield and quality of China aster (Callistephus chinensis [L.] Nees.)” was carried at Department of Floriculture and Landscape Architecture, K. R. C. College of Horticulture, Arabhavi. Among all the treatments, application of liquid jeevamrutha at 1500 liter per hectare at an interval of 7 days (D3F1) was recorded significantly higher plant height (47.98 cm and 58.78 cm at 60 and 90 DAT, respectively), plant spread (N-S) i.e., 17.90 26.35 and 31.31 cm at 60 and 90 DAT, respectively, plant spread (E-W) i.e., 27.10 and 30.35 cm at 60 and 90 DAT, respectively, number of primary branches (7.45 and 10.28 at 60 and 90 DAT, respectively), number of flowers per plant (38.42), flower yield (111.39 g/plant, 5.41 kg/plot and 8.06 t/ha, respectively), flower diameter (5.76 cm), individual flower weight (3.04 g), shelf life (3.43 days) and vase life (8.79 days) in pooled data.
Performance of the European Society of Cardiology 0/1-Hour Algorithm With High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin T Among Patients With Known Coronary Artery Disease
Authors: Ashburn Nicklaus P. , Snavely Anna C. , O’Neill James C. , Allen Brandon R. , Christenson Robert H. , Madsen Troy , Massoomi Michael R. , McCord James K. , Mumma Bryn E. , Nowak Richard , Stopyra Jason P. , in’t Veld Maite Huis , Wilkerson R. Gentry , Mahler Simon A. 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceThe European Society of Cardiology (ESC) 0/1-hour algorithm is a validated high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) protocol for emergency department patients with possible acute coronary syndrome. However, limited data exist regarding its performance in patients with known coronary artery disease (CAD; prior myocardial infarction [MI], coronary revascularization, or ≥70% coronary stenosis).ObjectiveTo evaluate and compare the diagnostic performance of the ESC 0/1-hour algorithm for 30-day cardiac death or MI among patients with and without known CAD and determine if the algorithm could achieve the negative predictive value rule-out threshold of 99% or higher.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis was a preplanned subgroup analysis of the STOP-CP prospective multisite cohort study, which was conducted from January 25, 2017, through September 6, 2018, at 8 emergency departments in the US. Patients 21 years or older with symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndrome without ST-segment elevation on initial electrocardiogram were included. Analysis took place between February and December 2022.Interventions/ExposuresParticipants with 0- and 1-hour high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) measures were stratified into rule-out, observation, and rule-in zones using the ESC 0/1-hour hs-cTnT algorithm.Main Outcomes and MeasuresCardiac death or MI at 30 days determined by expert adjudicators.ResultsDuring the study period, 1430 patients were accrued. In the cohort, 775 individuals (54.2%) were male, 826 (57.8%) were White, and the mean (SD) age was 57.6 (12.8) years. At 30 days, cardiac death or MI occurred in 183 participants (12.8%). Known CAD was present in 449 (31.4%). Among patients with known CAD, the ESC 0/1-hour algorithm classified 178 of 449 (39.6%) into the rule-out zone compared with 648 of 981 (66.1%) without CAD (P &amp;lt; .001). Among rule-out zone patients, 30-day cardiac death or MI occurred in 6 of 178 patients (3.4%) with known CAD and 7 of 648 (1.1%) without CAD (P &amp;lt; .001). The negative predictive value for 30-day cardiac death or MI was 96.6% (95% CI, 92.8-98.8) among patients with known CAD and 98.9% (95% CI, 97.8-99.6) in patients without known CAD (P = .04).Conclusions and RelevanceAmong patients with known CAD, the ESC 0/1-hour hs-cTnT algorithm was unable to safely exclude 30-day cardiac death or MI. This suggests that clinicians should be cautious if using the algorithm in patients with known CAD. The negative predictive value was significantly higher in patients without a history of CAD but remained less than 99%.
Trends in Prevalence and Incidence of Alopecia Areata, Alopecia Totalis, and Alopecia Universalis Among Adults and Children in a US Employer-Sponsored Insured Population
Authors: Mostaghimi Arash , Gao Wei , Ray Markqayne , Bartolome Lauren , Wang Travis , Carley Christopher , Done Nicolae , Swallow Elyse 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceAlopecia areata (AA) is characterized by nonscarring hair loss of the scalp, face, and/or body. Alopecia totalis (AT) and alopecia universalis (AU) involve complete loss of the scalp and body hair, respectively. The epidemiology of AA in the US remains unclear, having previously been extrapolated from older studies that were limited to specific geographic areas or clinical settings, or from self-reported data.ObjectiveTo estimate the annual prevalence and incidence of AA and AT and/or AU (AT/AU) in the US.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective, population-based cohort study was conducted from January 2016 to December 2019 and included enrollees in the IBM MarketScan Commercial Claims and Encounters and Medicare Supplemental databases and their dependents, with plan enrollment during each study calendar year and the year prior.ExposuresPrevalent cases were identified by 1 or more claims for AA or AT/AU (International Statistical Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification [ICD-10-CM]codes L63.x, L63.0, L63.1) during each year of interest or the year prior. Incident cases were identified by 1 or more claims for AA or AT/AU during a specific year and no diagnosis the year prior.Main Outcomes and MeasuresAnnual incidence and prevalence rates were calculated and stratified by age, sex, and region. National employer-sponsored insurance population estimates were obtained using population-based weights.ResultsAmong eligible patients (2016: n = 18 368 [mean (SD) age, 40.6 (17.9) years; 12 295 women (66.9%)]; 2017: n = 14 372 [mean (SD) age, 39.6 (17.7) years; 9195 women (64.0%)]; 2018: n = 14 231 [mean (SD) age, 38.9 (17.3) years; 8998 women (63.2%)]; 2019: n = 13 455 [mean (SD) age, 39.1 (17.4) years; 8322 women (61.9%)]), AA prevalence increased from 0.199% (95% CI, 0.198%-0.200%) in 2016 to 0.222% (95% CI, 0.221%-0.223%) in 2019. Roughly 5% to 10% of prevalent and incident cases of AA were AT/AU. The prevalence of AT/AU increased from 0.012% (95% CI, 0.012%-0.013%) to 0.019% (95% CI, 0.018%-0.019%) from 2016 to 2019. Incidence of AA per 100 000 person-years ranged from 87.39 (95% CI, 86.84-87.96) in 2017 to 92.90 (95% CI, 92.35-93.45) in 2019. Incidence of AT/AU ranged from 7.09 (95% CI, 6.94-7.25) in 2017 to 8.92 (95% CI, 8.75-9.09) in 2016. Prevalence and incidence of AA and AT/AU were higher among female vs male individuals, adults vs children and adolescents, and in the Northeast vs other regions.Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this cohort study suggest that these recent AA prevalence and incidence estimates could help improve current understanding of the disease burden. Further research is warranted to elucidate subpopulation differences and trends in AA in the broader US population.
Operative Outcomes of Women Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery in the US, 2011 to 2020
Authors: Gaudino Mario , Chadow David , Rahouma Mohamed , Soletti Giovanni Jr , Sandner Sigrid , Perezgrovas-Olaria Roberto , Audisio Katia , Cancelli Gianmarco , Bratton Brenden A. , Fremes Stephen , Kurlansky Paul , Girardi Leonard , Habib Robert H. 
Published: March 2023

ImportanceIt has been reported that women undergoing coronary artery bypass have higher mortality and morbidity compared with men but it is unclear if the difference has decreased over the last decade.ObjectiveTo evaluate trends in outcomes of women undergoing coronary artery bypass in the US from 2011 to 2020.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis retrospective cohort study at hospitals contributing to the Adult Cardiac Surgery Database of the Society of Thoracic Surgeons included 1 297 204 patients who underwent primary isolated coronary artery bypass from 2011 to 2020.ExposureCoronary artery bypass.Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe primary outcome was operative mortality. The secondary outcome was the composite of operative mortality and morbidity (including operative mortality, stroke, kidney failure, reoperation, deep sternal wound infection, prolonged mechanical ventilation, and prolonged hospital stay). The attributable risk (the association of female sex with coronary artery bypass grafting outcomes) for the primary and secondary outcomes was calculated.ResultsBetween 2011 and 2020, 1 297 204 patients underwent primary isolated coronary artery bypass grafting with a mean age of 66.0 years, 317 716 of which were women (24.5%). Women had a higher unadjusted operative mortality (2.8%; 95% CI, 2.8-2.9 vs 1.7%; 95% CI, 1.7-1.7; P &amp;lt; .001) and overall unadjusted incidence of the composite of operative mortality and morbidity compared with men (22.9%; 95% CI, 22.7-23.0 vs 16.7%; 95% CI, 16.6-16.8; P &amp;lt; .001). The attributable risk of female sex for operative mortality varied from 1.28 in 2011 to 1.41 in 2020, with no significant change over the study period (P for trend = 0.38). The attributable risk for the composite of operative mortality and morbidity was 1.08 in both 2011 and 2020 with no significant change over the study period (P for trend = 0.71).Conclusions and RelevanceWomen remain at significantly higher risk for adverse outcomes following coronary artery bypass grafting and no significant improvement has been seen over the course of the last decade. Further investigation into the determinants of operative outcomes in women is urgently needed.
Set/Reset Bilaterally Controllable Resistance Switching Ga‐doped Ge2Sb2Te5 Long‐Term Electronic Synapses for Neuromorphic Computing
Authors: Wang Qiang , Luo Ren , Wang Yankun , Fang Wencheng , Jiang Luyue , Liu Yangyang , Wang Ruobing , Dai Liyan , Zhao Jinyan , Bi Jinshun , Liu Zenghui , Zhao Libo , Jiang Zhuangde , Song Zhitang , Schwarzkopf Jutta , Schroeder Thomas , Wu Shengli , Ye Zuo‐Guang , Ren Wei , Song Sannian , Niu Gang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLong‐term plasticity of bio‐synapses modulates the stable synaptic transmission that is quite related to the encoding of information and its emulation using electronic hardware is one of important targets for neuromorphic computing. Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) based phase change random access memory (PCRAM) has become a strong candidate for complementary‐metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS) compatible integrated long‐term electronic synapses to cope with the high‐efficient and low power consumption data processing tasks for neuromorphic computing. However, the performance of PCRAM electronic synapses is still quite limited due to the challenges in linear and continuous conductance regulation, which originates from the fast and uncontrollable resistance switching characteristic of conventional PCRAM for the data storage application. Here an in‐depth study is reported on the impact of gallium (Ga) doping on GST (GaGST) structural properties and on the corresponding 0.13 µm CMOS technology fabricated PCRAM integrated devices with a mushroom structure. The Ga doping effectively retarded the crystallization process of GST by augmenting the local disorder of GeTe4‐nGen tetrahedron, which subsequently leads to the Set/Reset bilaterally controllable resistance switching of corresponding PCRAM devices. The optimized 6.5%GaGST electronic synapses demonstrate gradual resistance switching characteristics and a good multilevel retention feature and eventually exhibit outstanding long‐term synaptic plasticity like potentiation/depression and spiking time dependent plasticity in four forms. Such long‐term electronic synapses are applied to handwritten digits recognition (96.22%) and CIFAR‐10 image categorization (93.6%) and attain very high accuracy for both tasks. These results provide an effective method to achieve high performance PCRAM electronic synapses and highlight the great potential of GaGST PCRAM as a component for future high‐performance neuromorphic computing.
A Plant‐inspired Light Transducer for High‐performance Near‐infrared Light Mediated Gas Sensing
Authors: Liang Hongping , Guo Xin , Guo Lanpeng , Liu Siying , Zhan Qiuqiang , Yang Haihong , Li Hao , de Rooij Nicolaas Frans , Lee Yi‐Kuen , French Paddy J. , Wang Yao , Zhou Guofu 
Published: March 2023

AbstractConstructing near‐infrared light (NIR) light‐enhanced room temperature gas sensors is becoming more promising for practical application. In this study, learning from the structure and photosynthetic process of chlorophyll thylakoid membranes in plants, the first “Thylakoid membrane” structural formaldehyde (HCHO) sensor is constructed by matching the upconversion emission of the lanthanide‐doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and the UV–vis adsorption of the as‐prepared nanocomposites. The NIR‐mediated sensor exhibits excellent performances, including ultra‐high response (Ra / Rg = 2.22, 1 ppm), low practical limit of detection (50 ppb), reliable repeatability, high selectivity, and broadband spectral response. The practicality of the NIR‐mediated gas sensor is confirmed through the remote and external stimulation test. A study of sensing mechanism demonstrates that it is the UCNPs‐based light transducer produces more light‐induced oxygen species for gas response in the process of non‐radiative/radiative energy transfer, playing a key role in significantly improving the sensing properties of the sensor. The universality of NIR‐mediated gas sensors based on UCNPs is verified using ZnO, In2O3, and SnO2 systems. This work paves a way for fabricating high‐performance NIR‐mediated gas sensors and will expand the application fields of NIR light.
3D Hollow Porous Radio‐Granular Hydrogels for SPECT Imaging‐Guided Cancer Intravascular Brachytherapy
Authors: Xu Xiao , Chen Hu , He Pan , Zhao Zhenwen , Gao Xing , Liu Chao , Cheng Hongwei , Jiang Lai , Wang Peiyu , Zhang Yang , Wen Xiaofei , Li Yesen , Huang Jinxiong , Xiong Yongfu , Mao Jingsong , Ma Hongjuan , Liu Gang 
Published: March 2023

AbstractRadioactive microspheres have shown excellent therapeutic effects in the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) due to indiscriminate embolization and killing of tumor cells. However, limitations such as unstable loading, in vivo reflux, and untrackable radioactive microspheres restrict their clinical applicability. Herein, a novel injectable lutetium‐177‐labeled 3D hollow porous radio‐granular hydrogels with a double‐cross‐linked network (177Lu‐3D‐HPGH) are synthesized via microfluidics combined with ultraviolet photo‐cross‐linking technology is reported. The radiolabeling efficiency of 177Lu‐3D‐HPGH can reach 97.85%. The 3D hollow porous radio‐granular hydrogels exhibited uniform, controllable size, radio‐theranostics, and excellent underwater adhesion properties, avoiding unwanted radiation damage to non‐target organs. Particularly, the extended X‐ray absorption fine structure combined with the density functional theory calculation revealed the mechanism of 3D‐HPGH loading with 177Lu through Lu‐N/O coordination. Furthermore, rabbit orthotopic kidney and liver tumor models are used to verify the excellent embolization performance, radionuclide loading stability, anti‐reflux characteristics, anti‐tumor effect, and biosafety of 177Lu‐3D‐HPGH. Briefly, this facile, green, and safe synthesis strategy provides a superior choice for intravascular brachytherapy of HCC and has great application value and transformative potential in clinical diagnosis and treatment.
Real‐Time Monitoring and Early Warning of a Cytokine Storm In Vivo Using a Wearable Noninvasive Skin Microneedle Patch
Authors: Xu Jingxian , Yang Bin , Kong Jilie , Zhang Yongjun , Fang Xueen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA cytokine storm may be the last attack of various diseases, such as sepsis, cancer, and coronavirus disease 2019, that can be life threatening. Real‐time monitoring of cytokines in vivo is helpful for assessing the immune status of patients and providing an early warning of a cytokine storm. In this study, a functional carbon nanotube biointerface‐based wearable microneedle patches for real‐time monitoring of a cytokine storm in vivo via electrochemical analysis are reported. This wearable system has sensitivity with a detection limit of 0.54 pg mL−1, high specificity, and 5 days of stability with a coefficient of variation of 4.0%. The system also has a quick response of several hours (1–4 h) to increasing cytokines. This wearable microneedle patch may offer a promising route for real‐time biomolecule wearables construction. The patch is also the first reported integrated capture and monitoring system that is capable of real‐time measurement of protein markers in interstitial fluid.
Engineering Pore Environments of Sulfate‐Pillared Metal‐Organic Framework for Efficient C2H2/CO2 Separation with Record Selectivity
Authors: Liu Xing , Zhang Peixin , Xiong Hanting , Zhang Yan , Wu Ke , Liu Junhui , Krishna Rajamani , Chen Jingwen , Chen Shixia , Zeng Zheling , Deng Shuguang , Wang Jun 
Published: March 2023

AbstractEngineering pore environments exhibit great potential in improving gas adsorption and separation performances but require specific means for acetylene/carbon dioxide (C2H2/CO2) separation due to their identical dynamic diameters and similar properties. Herein, a novel sulfate‐pillared MOF adsorbent (SOFOUR‐TEPE‐Zn) using 1,1,2,2‐tetra(pyridin‐4‐yl) ethene (TEPE) ligand with dense electronegative pore surfaces is reported. Compared to the prototype SOFOUR‐1‐Zn, SOFOUR‐TEPE‐Zn exhibits a higher C2H2 uptake (89.1 cm3 g−1), meanwhile the CO2 uptake reduces to 14.1 cm3 g−1, only 17.4% of that on SOFOUR‐1‐Zn (81.0 cm3 g−1). The high affinity toward C2H2 than CO2 is demonstrated by the benchmark C2H2/CO2 selectivity (16 833). Furthermore, dynamic breakthrough experiments confirm its application feasibility and good cyclability at various flow rates. During the desorption cycle, 60.1 cm3 g−1 C2H2 of 99.5% purity or 33.2 cm3 g−1 C2H2 of 99.99% purity can be recovered by stepped purging and mild heating. The simulated pressure swing adsorption processes reveal that 75.5 cm3 g−1 C2H2 of 99.5+% purity with a high gas recovery of 99.82% can be produced in a counter‐current blowdown process. Modeling studies disclose four favorable adsorption sites and dense packing for C2H2.
Discovery of Topological Magnetic Textures near Room Temperature in Quantum Magnet TbMn6Sn6
Authors: Li Zhuolin , Yin Qiangwei , Jiang Yi , Zhu ZhaoZhao , Gao Yang , Wang Shouguo , Shen Jun , Zhao Tongyun , Cai Jianwang , Lei Hechang , Lin Shi‐Zeng , Zhang Ying , Shen Baogen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe study of topology in quantum materials has fundamentally advanced the understanding in condensed matter physics and potential applications in next‐generation quantum information technology. Recently, the discovery of a topological Chern phase in the spin–orbit‐coupled Kagome lattice TbMn6Sn6 has attracted considerable interest. Whereas these phenomena highlight the contribution of momentum space Berry curvature and Chern gap on the electronic transport properties, less is known about the intrinsic real space magnetic texture, which is crucial for understanding the electronic properties and further exploring the unique quantum behavior. Here, the stabilization of topological magnetic skyrmions in TbMn6Sn6 using Lorentz transmission electron microscopy near room temperature, where the spins experience full spin reorientation transition between the a‐ and c‐axes, is directly observed. An effective spin Hamiltonian based on the Ginzburg–Landau theory is constructed and micromagnetic simulation is performed to clarify the critical role of Ruderman–Kittel–Kasuya–Yosida interaction on the stabilization of skyrmion lattice. These results not only uncover nontrivial spin topological texture in TbMn6Sn6, but also provide a solid basis to study its interplay with electronic topology.