bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RUWAZA YA VIVUMISHI KATIKA LUGHA AMBISHI BAINISHI: MIFANO KUTOKA LAHAJA YA KIIMENTI
Authors: Thuranira Kenneth Kinyua , Ontieri James , Ayodi Nancy 
Published: February 2023

Kivumishi ni kipashio muhimu katika lugha yoyote ile. Kinatumika pamoja na kategoria nyingine za maneno katika sentensi ili kufanikisha mawasiliano. Utafiti kuhusu kategoria mbalimbali za maneno umewahi kufanywa. Hata hivyo, hatujakumbana na utafiti unaoangazia ruwaza za kivumishi cha Kiimenti katika tungo za lahaja husika. Hivyo basi nia kuu ya makala haya ni kuthibitisha jinsi kivumishi katika lahaja hii hudhihirisha ruwaza mbalimbali kinapotumika katika sentensi za lahaja hiyo. Data iliyochanganuliwa na kuwasilishwa katika makala haya ilikusanywa maktabani na nyanjani. Maktabani tulirejelea kazi mbalimbali kuhusu ruwaza za vivumishi hasa katika lugha ya Kiswahili na Kiingereza. Aidha, tulisoma vitabu vya hadithi za Kiimenti ili kupata data ya kuchanganuliwa katika makala haya. Nyanjani tulikusanya data kutoka tarafa ya Abothuguchi ya Magharibi, kaunti ndogo ya Meru katika kaunti ya Meru. Kwa kutumia sampuli maksudi tuliteua miktadha ya mikutano ya kanisa, shule, soko na ile ya chifu ambapo tulikusanya data. Tunatarajia kuwa makala haya yatasaidia katika uandishi wa sarufi ya lahaja ya Kiimenti na pia kuchangia katika uhifadhi wake ili kuendeleza usomi. Kwa sasa lahaja ya Kiimenti haina maandishi mengi na haijatiliwa maanani sana katika mfumo wa elimu nchini Kenya.
LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF THE METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF Warbugia ugadensis SEED OIL ON Aedes aegypti
Authors: Matura JudyAnn , Walekhwa Michael , Otieno Filex 
Published: February 2023

Mosquito is a vector implicated with Vector-borne diseases such as malaria (Anopheles’ species) dengue (Aedes species) and west Nile fever (Culex species). Kenya experiences mosquito-borne disease outbreaks with the recent ones being the dengue virus and chikungunya disease outbreak that occurred along the coast of Kenya. Medicinal plants such as Warburgia ugandensis that possess larvicidal activity, have major importance in the control of mosquitoes. This study investigated the larvicidal activity and phytochemical screening of the methanolic extract from the seed’s oil of Warburgia ugandensis. Quasi-experimental research design was used as the study design. The plant was identified and authenticated by a taxonomist. Mature fruits of Warburgia ugandensis were obtained from the school of pharmacy’s botanical garden and seeds were separated and washed. Seeds were air-dried, and crushed. Half of the GSP was used to extract seed oil while the other half was subjected to various phytochemical screening. The larvicidal activity of the plant extracts was evaluated according to the World Health Organization guidelines for laboratory and field testing of mosquito larvicides. The activity of the methanol plant extract was evaluated at 25, 50, 100, and 125 ppm to determine the LC50 value. Permethrin was used as a positive control. About 8.06% of the seed oil was extracted. The seed oil and the leaves had a characteristic odour, a bitter taste, and pale yellow in color. Alkaloids, fixed oils, tannins, and phytosterols were abundantly present in the seed. Proteins and carbohydrates were moderately present while saponins were slightly present. Bioassays on mosquito larvae indicated larvicidal activity of methanolic seed oil extract of Warburgia ugandensis against Aedes aegypti at concentrations of 25, 50, 100, and 200 ppm. Seed oil of Warbugia ugandensis contains phytochemicals that possess larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti mosquito species.

Keywords: Larvicidal Activity, Lethal Concentration, Lethal Dose, Warburgia Ugandensis
Prevalence of Self- Medication Practice and Associated Factors Among Kabarak University Students
Authors: Sindani Elizabeth N , Walekhwa Michael , Otieno Filex , Wambugu Esbon N 
Published: February 2023

Background: Self-medication is a common practice in the world and it is greatly encouraged by the World Health Organization. Rational practice of self-medication confers beneficial effects to the user although the reverse is equally true. Benefits include self-reliance in managing minor illnesses and reduction in medical costs. Untoward effects associated with the practice include emergence of antibiotic resistance, toxicities in cases of overdose and development of tolerance. While self-medication practice has some positive side, the negative effects requires that the extent of its practice is established and where necessary, regulatory interventions considered. Currently, these data are either limited or completely lacking. We therefore assessed the prevalence of self-medication practice and associated factors among students in Kabarak university.
Method: Survey-descriptive research design was employed to study students in Kabarak University. Questionnaires were used to collect data from a sample size of 369 participants. Multistage stratified convenient sampling technique was used to select study participants. Ethical and study approval were obtained prior to data collection.
Results: Out of the 368 respondents, 82% practiced self-medication with majority being females (195). School of pharmacy reported the highest prevalence rate (22%) among the seven schools in Kabarak University. The main symptom prompting self-medication was reported to be headache (37%) and respiratory associated conditions. Friends and family members were the most common source of information and drug use for self-medication. Majority of participants stated that long delays in the process of seeking for conventional medical attention exacerbated the practice of self-medication. Paracetamol and antibiotics were the most common drugs used for self-medication.
Conclusion: Majority of students sampled practice self-medication. Considering the associated negative effects, targeted sensitization programs should be designed and implemented to scale down the practice.
Estimating Factors Influencing the Capacity of the Wide-Road-and-Narrow-Bridge Section Based on Random Forest
Authors: Li Hao , Guo Yahong 
Published: February 2023

In order to promote the modernisation process of rural roads and improve road capacity, the problem of bottleneck sections of rural roads needs to be solved urgently. The phenomenon of wide-road-and-narrow-bridge sections is particularly prominent in rural roads. Based on this, this paper analyses the degree of influence of roadway one-way lane width, bridge deck oneway lane width, motorised vehicles to non-motorised vehicles ratio, and road-bridge connection dimension on the capacity of the wide-road-and-narrow-bridge section based on the combination of VISSIM simulation and random forest algorithm. The result of the coefficient of determination (R2) of the random forest-based capacity prediction model shows that the random forest fits the data very well; the degree of influence on the capacity is in descending order of the bridge deck one-way lane width, motorised vehicles to non-motorised vehicles ratio, roadway one-way lane width and the road-bridge connection dimension. The model can, on the one hand, provide a reference for improving the capacity of bottleneck sections of rural roads; on the other hand, it can provide decision value for the order of measures to be taken when rural roads are rebuilt and expanded, according to the order of importance.
Risk Assessment of Traffic Accidents Involving Young Adult Drivers by Identification of Subjective and Objective Factors
Authors: Luburić Grgo , Perković Blašković Antonia , Hasani Habib 
Published: February 2023

Young drivers represent the most vulnerable age group at risk of participating in traffic accidents. In order to reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents involving young drivers, various models for assessing the risk of accidents have been studied. Inexperience, lack of driving skills and risky behaviour in traffic are the main characteristics of traffic accidents involving young adult drivers. On the contrary, traffic accidents involving older adult drivers are characterised by reduced visual and cognitive stimuli and reduced mobility. Based on the data about traffic accidents from the available databases relevant for road traffic safety in the Republic of Kosovo over a four-year period, the road characteristics that caused the majority of traffic accidents involving young adult drivers and the subjective and objective factors that affected the occurrence of traffic accidents the most have been defined. To conclude the research, a correlation has been defined between objective and subjective factors that increase the risk of traffic accidents, as well as the frequency of single safety factors (human, vehicle, road and environment) in traffic accidents involving young adult drivers.
Study on Long Term Trend Analysis on Occurrence of Dew at Raipur
Authors: Chaudhary J. L. , Megha Dalai Mridu , Thakur Gunja , Murari Krishna , Unjan Deepika 
Published: February 2023

The present study on long term trend analysis on occurrence of dew was conducted during the 2022 year for long term data analysis of dew for the period 1991-2020 recorded at the Agro- meteorological Observatory, Research Area of Department of Agricultural Meteorology, Indira Gandhi krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, India. Based on study, daily dew observations were taken and converted into monthly and yearly dew observations. From the study, it was observed that there was significant decrease in dew amounts during the month of October, November and December. In addition to it, dew days of December month were found to be significantly decreasing. In yearly observation dew days found non-significant change and dew amount was found to be significantly decreasing. Correlation between dew amount and dew days has been tried and it was found that there exists the relationship between dew days and dew amount. In January, February, March, April, September and December months, there was positive correlation between dew days and dew amount. This indicates that if number of dew days increase, dew amount also increases. October and November months are having non-significant values. In November month, there is negative correlation coefficient because of the fact that in this month on increase of dew days, there is visual observation of dew amount decrease, though it is non-significant.
Buccal Fat Pad Removal for Thinner Cheeks: A Case Report
Authors: Roman-Torres Caio Vinicius G. , Araújo Marcello Torres M. de , Pasquinelli Fernanda , Pereira Angela Cristina de Jesus , Gracia-Neto Edson , Sendyk Wilson Roberto 
Published: February 2023

Aims: In recent years there has been an increasing number of procedures for removing the buccal fat pad, also known as cheek reduction or face thinning surgery. Bichat buccal fat can be used as part of the therapeutic procedure in several cases of oroantral communication and in other oral surgery procedures. The objective of this case report was to demonstrate the procedure for removing the buccal fat pad for aesthetic purposes.
Study Design: Case report.
Place and Duration of Study: Case carried out in 2021 in a private dental office in the city of Santos-SP- Brazil.
Presentation of Case: After completing the anamnesis and oral clinical assessment, the patient underwent laboratory tests for preoperative evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging of the malar region. Buccal fat pad removal is a minor procedure, and the surgical technique is considered simple and safe if performed by trained and experienced professionals. The postoperative period requires rest in the first days and limited mouth opening is a common symptom, and the use of analgesics and anti-inflammatories adequately controls any painful symptoms.
Results: The procedure can be performed by a dentist if the practitioner has a local anatomical knowledge, follows the indication for each case, and take all pre and postoperative care that is necessary to avoid complications.
Conlusions: When we have the correct indication, preoperative exams that indicate that everything is correct in relation to the presence of buccal fat pad and their relationship with adjacent structures and the execution of the technique with postoperative control, there is no way that professionals and patients cannot be happy with the buccal fat pad removal results.
Violin Plot
Authors: Aberasturi Dillon T. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAlthough less well known than boxplots and histograms, violin plots present one commonly used method for illustrating probability density functions of random variables from sample data. As an important graphical tool, the violin plot provides one with the ability to combine nonparametric estimates of probability density functions with other summary information, such as boxplots, and then compare distributions across multiple random variables. In this article, we introduce violin plots, explain their strengths and weaknesses, and provide some example code within the software R.
European Network for Business and Industrial Statistics (ENBIS): A Journey
Authors: Kenett Ron S. , Coleman Shirley , Zempléni András , De Frenne Anne 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
This article describes the journey of the European Network for Business and Industrial Statistics (ENBIS) founded 20 years ago. It describes its various activities including conferences, special topic meetings, webinars, awards, and publications. ENBIS is a proven model where academics and practitioners meet to exchange ideas and information on statistics and analytics.
Enhanced Magnetization in CoFe2O4 Through Hydrogen Doping
Authors: Li Zhuolu , Lyu Yingjie , Ran Zhao , Wang Yujia , Zhang Yang , Lu Nianpeng , Wang Meng , Sassi Michel , Ha Thai Duy , T. N'Diaye Alpha , Shafer Padraic , Pearce Carolyn , Rosso Kevin , Arenholz Elke , Juang Jenh‐Yih , He Qing , Chu Ying‐Hao , Luo Weidong , Yu Pu 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMagnetic spinel oxides have attracted extensive research interest due to their rich physics and wide range of applications. However, these materials invariably suffer suppressed magnetization, due to structural imperfections (e.g., disorder, anti‐site defects, etc.). Herein, a dramatic enhanced magnetization is obtained with an increasement of 5 µB/u.c in CoFe2O4 (CFO) through ionic liquid gating induced hydrogen doping. The intercalated hydrogen ions lead to both distinct lattice expansion of ≈0.7% and notable Fe valence state reduction through electron doping, in which ≈17% Fe3+ is reduced into Fe2+. These facts collectively trigger a site‐specific spin‐flip on tetrahedrally coordinated Co2+ sites that enhances the net ferrimagnetic moment nearly to its theoretical maximum for perfect CFO.
Advances in Printing and Electronics: From Engagement to Commitment
Authors: Martins P. , Pereira N. , Lima A. C. , Garcia A. , Mendes‐Filipe C. , Policia R. , Correia V. , Lanceros‐Mendez S. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn recent years, printed electronics reached enormous popularity as a result of their huge potential to offer unique features that are not attainable through traditional fabrication, namely low‐cost production, multifunctionality, stretchability, sustainability, and flexibility. Being expected a galloping increase in the use of printed technologies in the near future, due to the digitalization efforts associated with the Internet of Things and the 4.0 revolution, it is timely and desirable to discuss the joint features, the interrelations, the complementarities, the interdependency, and the most demanding challenges linked to the relation between printed technologies and electronic materials. In this context, this study offers a broad review of the numerous printing technologies used in the processing of electronics, commonly used substrates, the most effective printed electronic materials, and the key post‐printing treatments such as sintering. Disruptive challenges in various printing techniques, (un)expected future research directions of printed electronics, and imminent application trends are also highlighted, following a critical and subjective perspective.
Undoped Hole Transport Layer Toward Efficient and Stable Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Li Zhuowei , Wang Junlin , Deng Yanyu , Xi Jianing , Zhang Yi , Liu Chunyu , Guo Wenbin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNumerous strategies have been practiced to improve the power conversion efficiency of CsPbI2Br‐based perovskite solar cells (PSCs), which definitely makes efficiency gradually approach the theoretical efficiency limit. However, sufficient device stability is still in urgent demand for commercialization, pushing to overcome some instability sources induced by hygroscopicity of spiro‐OMeTAD and residual strain of perovskite layer. To address these issues, p‐type semiconductor of PCPDTBT is used to replace spiro‐OMeTAD, enabling dual functions of hole transport and strain regulation. On the one hand, undoped PCPDTBT performs excellent hole extraction and transport, while avoiding the perovskite degradation caused by the hygroscopicity of common additives. On the other hand, PCPDTBT assisted by a thermally spin‐coating method compensates for the thermally‐induced residual strain in perovskite layer owing to its high thermal expansion coefficient. Consequently, CsPbI2Br‐based PSCs with PCPDTBT layer achieve improved efficiency of 16.5% as well as enhanced stability. This study provides a simple and facile strategy to achieve efficient and stable CsPbI2Br‐based PSCs.
Anti‐Dissociation Passivation via Bidentate Anchoring for Efficient Carbon‐Based CsPbI2.6Br0.4 Solar Cells
Authors: Liao Yongyu , Zhang Jianxin , Wang Wenran , Yang Zechao , Huang Rong , Lin Jiage , Che Lei , Yang Guoying , Pan Zhenxiao , Rao Huashang , Zhong Xinhua 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMolecular passivation on perovskite surface is an effective strategy to inhibit surface defect‐assisted recombination and reduce nonradiative recombination loss in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the majority of passivating molecules bind to perovskite surface through weak interactions, resulting in weak passivation effects and susceptible to interference from various factors. Especially in carbon‐based perovskite solar cells (C‐PSCs), the molecular passivation effect is more susceptible to disturbance in subsequent harsh preparation of carbon electrodes via blade‐coating route. Herein, bidentate ligand 2,2′‐Bipyridine (2Bipy) is explored to passivate surface defects of CsPbI2.6Br0.4 perovskite films. The results indicate that compared with monodentate pyridine (Py), bidentate 2Bipy shows a stronger chelation with uncoordinated Pb(II) defects and exhibits a greater passivation effect on perovskite surface. As a result, 2Bipy‐modified perovskite films display a significantly boosted photoluminescence lifetime, accompanied by excellent anchoring stability and anti‐dissociation of passivating molecules. Meanwhile, the moisture resistance of the 2Bipy‐modified perovskite films is also significantly enhanced. Consequently, the efficiency of C‐PSCs is improved to 16.57% (Jsc = 17.16 mA cm−2, Voc = 1.198 V, FF = 80.63%). As far as it is known, this value represents a new record efficiency for hole transport material‐free inorganic C‐PSCs.
Hybrid Extracellular Vesicles‐Liposomes Camouflaged Magnetic Vesicles Cooperating with Bioorthogonal Click Chemistry for High‐Efficient Melanoma Circulating Tumor Cells Enrichment
Authors: Kang Ke , Zhang Yujia , Zhou Xiaoxi , Yu Yue , Zhu Nanhang , Cheng Jia , Yi Qiangying , Wu Yao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe capture of melanoma circulating tumor cells (melanoma CTCs, MelCTCs) is of great significance for the early diagnosis and personalized treatment of melanoma. The rarity and heterogeneity of MelCTCs have greatly limited the development of MelCTCs capture methods, especially those based on immune/aptamer‐affinity. Herein, an extracellular vesicles‐camouflaged strategy is designed to functionalize the magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4) and to generate magnetic vesicles (Fe3O4@lip/ev) with excellent antifouling and active tumor cell targeting properties. Combined with the bioorthogonal click chemistry, the engineered magnetic vesicles with dibenzocyclooctyne can be widely used to target and separate all the metabolically labeled CTCs with varied phenotypes, organ origin, and even the biological species. The capture efficiency exceeded 80% with an extremely low detection limitation of ten cells. Most importantly, the strategy proposed can be directly applied to enrich MelCTCs from 0.5 mL blood samples of melanoma‐bearing mice, with a greatly minimized residue of white blood cells (only 21–568) while ignoring the fluctuations of MelCTC phenotype.
Ratio Fluorescent Detecting of Tryptophan and Its Metabolite 5‐Hydroxyindole‐3‐acetic Acid Relevant with Depression via Tb(III) Modified HOFs Hybrids: Further Designing Recyclable Molecular Logic Gate Connected by Back Propagation Neural Network
Authors: Zhu Kai , Xu Xin , Yan Bing 
Published: February 2023

AbstractExploring intelligent fluorescent materials with high reliability and precision to diagnose diseases is significant but remains a great challenge. Herein, based on coordination post‐synthetic modification, a Tb3+ functionalized ME‐PA (Tb@1) is prepared, which can emit brilliant green fluorescence through ligand‐to‐mental charge transfer‐assisted energy transfer (LMCT‐ET) process from ME‐PA to Tb3+ ions. Tb@1 can simultaneously distinguish Tryptophan (Try) and its metabolite 5‐hydroxyindole‐3‐acetic acid (5‐HIAA), two effective indicators for depression, in ratio and colorimetric mode. And this sensor behaves the advantages of high efficiency and sensitivity, as well as excellent reusability and anti‐interference. The PET process from ME to Try and 5‐HIAA, and the competitive absorption between analytes and Tb@1 may be relevant to sensing mechanism. In realistic serum or urine environment, the detection limits of Tb@1 for Try and 5‐HIAA are 0.0183 and 0.0149 mg L−1 respectively. Moreover, in conjunction with back propagation neural network (BPNN), two dual‐output molecular logic gates that can be calculated circularly are further designed, which realizes intelligent control of the electronic component to identify the existence of two biomarkers and judge their concentrations from fluorescence images. This work offers a novel approach to modulate logic circuits based on ML‐assisted HOF fluorescent sensor, with promising application for a precise and pictorial depression diagnosis.
Pore Perforation of Graphene Coupled with In Situ Growth of Co3Se4 for High‐Performance Na‐Ion Battery
Authors: Liu Tao , Yang Yu , Cao Shaowen , Xiang Ronghua , Zhang Liuyang , Yu Jiaguo 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGraphene‐based nanomaterials have sprung up as promising anode materials for sodium‐ion batteries due to the intriguing properties of graphene itself and the synergic effect between graphene and active materials. However, the 2D graphene sheet only allows the rapid diffusion of sodium ions along the parallel direction while that of the vertical direction is difficult, limiting the rate capability of graphene‐based electrode materials. To tackle this problem, pore‐forming engineering has been employed to perforate graphene and concurrently achieve the in situ growth of Co3Se4 nanoparticles. The generation of in‐plane nanohole breaks through the physical barriers of the graphene nanosheets, enabling the fast diffusion of electrolyte ions in the longitudinal direction. In addition, this design limits the aggregation of Co3Se4 nanoparticles because of the high affinity of Co3Se4 on graphene. Benefiting from the high conductivity and fast ion transport bestowed by the ingenious architecture, the Co3Se4/holey graphene exhibits a remarkable rate performance of 519.5 mAh g−1 at 5.0 A g−1 and desirable cycle stability. Conclusions drawn from this investigation are that the transport of sodium inside the graphene‐based composites is crucial for rate performance enhancement and this method is effective in modifying graphene‐based nanomaterials as potential anode materials.