bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Single‐wavelength sO2 measurement based on Grüneisen‐relaxation photoacoustic effect
Authors: Wang Xiatian , Xie Zhihua , Zhang Jinke , Huang Yusheng , Dong Liquan , Gong Xiaojing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe photoacoustic effect‐based sO2 measurement is attracting more and more attention due to its non‐invasiveness and accuracy. Compared with the linear dual‐wavelength method, the sO2 measurement based on single‐wavelength excitation can be potentially applied with simplified system construction. However, the single‐wavelength methods proposed in previous studies decreases the safety or lacks the in‐depth resolution. This paper proposes a novel single‐wavelength method based on the Grüneisen‐relaxation (GR) nonlinear effects. It avoids the high fluence excitation with maintaining in–depth resolution and obtains the signals in hundreds of nanoseconds, simultaneously improving the safety and detection speed. The construction of a single laser source for GR effect generation makes the system stable. The sO2 quantification results of blood samples have a good consistency with the reference values. Our work provides a safer and faster measurement method, and a stable system, to promote its application in the clinical area.
Adenylate kinase 2 is a biomarker related to the prognosis of glioma and the immune microenvironment
Authors: Liu Zhichen , Tang Chunjiao , Teng Xu , Mohamed Zakaria Ahmed , Fan Jingyi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAmong the brain and the other central nervous system, gliomas are the most prevalent malignant primary tumors. Adenylate kinase 2 (AK2) is generally thought to be crucial for energy metabolism and signal transduction. Several disorders are correlated with its aberrant expression. However, it is unclear what functions AK2 might have in gliomas.MethodsWe investigated the relationship between AK2 expression and clinicopathological features of glioma patients using information obtained from public databases and patient tissue microarrays. AK2 knockdown glioma cell lines were constructed to explore how AK2 affects glioma progress. The association between AK2 and the immune microenvironment in gliomas was evaluated by multiple methods.ResultsAK2 expression was higher in glioma samples than in normal brain tissues. Older patients and those with higher‐grade, IDH‐wildtype, 1p/19q codeletion‐free, and MGMT‐unmethylated tumors had higher levels of AK2 expression, linking to poor outcomes. Thus, gliomas with high AK2 expression have a worse prognosis. GO and KEGG analyses demonstrated that AK2 was relevant to cell division and DNA replication. Downregulation of AK2 suppresses cell proliferation, migration, and colony formation of glioma cell lines in vitro. AK2 expression was positively connected to the inhibitory immune checkpoints, also correlating with immune infiltration degree.ConclusionsIn this study, AK2 may be a potential biological target for more precise molecular therapy of gliomas, since its high expression is associated with worse outcomes and a more malignant immune microenvironment.
Extracellular vesicles derived from Akkermansia muciniphila promote placentation and mitigate preeclampsia in a mouse model
Authors: Chen Yun , Ou Zihao , Pang Menglan , Tao Zixin , Zheng Xifen , Huang Zhipeng , Wen Dongni , Li Qianbei , Zhou Ruisi , Chen Peng , Situ Bo , Sheng Chao , Huang Yingying , Yue Xiaojing , Zheng Lei , Huang Liping 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPreeclampsia (PE) is a multisystem disorder with high maternal morbidity and mortality rates. Currently, no practical therapeutic approach is available to prevent PE progression, except for early delivery. Gut dysbiosis is associated with PE development. Previous data showed that the abundance of Akkermansia muciniphila (Am) was lower in patients with PE than in normotensive pregnant women. Here, in this study, decreased abundance of Am was observed in a PE mouse model. Also, we found that administration with Am could significantly attenuate systolic blood pressure, promote foetal growth and improve the placental pathology in mice with PE. Moreover, Am‐derived extracellular vesicles (AmEVs) were transferred from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to the placenta and mitigated pre‐eclamptic symptoms in PE mice. These beneficial effects of AmEVs were mediated by enhanced trophoblast invasion of the spiral artery (SpA) and SpA remodelling through activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)–phosphatidylinositol‐3‐kinase (PI3K)–protein kinase B (AKT) signalling pathway. Collectively, our findings revealed the potential benefit of using AmEVs for PE treatment and highlighted important host–microbiota interactions.
Functional neuroanatomy of monoaminergic systems in the basolateral nuclear complex of the amygdala: Neuronal targets, receptors, and circuits
Authors: McDonald Alexander Joseph 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis review discusses neuroanatomical aspects of the three main monoaminergic systems innervating the basolateral nuclear complex (BNC) of the amygdala (serotonergic, noradrenergic, and dopaminergic systems). It mainly focuses on immunohistochemical (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) studies that have analyzed the relationship of specific monoaminergic inputs and their receptors to specific neuronal subtypes in the BNC in order to better understand the anatomical substrates of the monoaminergic modulation of BNC circuitry. First, light and electron microscopic IHC investigations identifying the main BNC neuronal subpopulations and characterizing their local circuitry, including connections with discrete PN compartments and other INs, are reviewed. Then, the relationships of each of the three monoaminergic systems to distinct PN and IN cell types, are examined in detail. For each system, the neuronal targets and their receptor expression are discussed. In addition, pertinent electrophysiological investigations are discussed. The last section of the review compares and contrasts various aspects of each of the three monoaminergic systems. It is concluded that the large number of different receptors, each with a distinct mode of action, expressed by distinct cell types with different connections and functions, should offer innumerable ways to subtlety regulate the activity of the BNC by therapeutic drugs in psychiatric diseases in which there are alterations of BNC monoaminergic modulatory systems, such as in anxiety disorders, depression, and drug addiction. It is suggested that an important area for future studies is to investigate how the three systems interact in concert at the neuronal and neuronal network levels.
Relative income and value congruence in dual‐income couples
Authors: Steed Laurens Bujold , Dust Scott B. , Rode Joseph C. , Arthaud‐Day Marne L. 
Published: May 2023

SummaryGuided by social role theory, social science research has established an individual's earnings relative to their partner (i.e., their relative income) as an important indicator of various marital‐ and well‐being‐related outcomes. Yet, despite a deep interest in employee compensation systems, management scholars have rarely considered the implications of relative income for workers. To address this oversight, we consider how the conformity values of dual‐income couples jointly predict relative income and how this relationship varies by gender. Further, we examine how relative income predicts employees' subjective career success and explore potential boundary conditions to this relationship. Using a time‐lagged study in a sample of 225 dyads, results from moderated polynomial regression analyses indicate that dyadic congruence in conformity values predicts relative income in a gender‐dependent way. Additionally, moderated multilevel regression analyses illustrate that respondents with lower absolute income display a stronger positive relationship between relative income and subjective career success. Relative income's effects on subjective career success do not depend on gender. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our findings regarding gender, conformity values, relative income, absolute income, and subjective career success.
Effect of blenderized tube feeds on gastric emptying: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Hron Bridget , Ng Thomas , Voss Stephan , Rosen Rachel 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundBlenderized tube feeds (blends) are associated with lower hospital admissions and reduced gastroesophageal symptoms, but their high viscosity may theoretically prolong gastric emptying. Our objective was to compare differences in gastric emptying with blends vs with formula.MethodsWe retrospectively identified individuals 6 months to 20 years with enteral tubes who underwent 1‐h liquid gastric emptying scintigraphy from 1998 to 2020 at Boston Children's Hospital. Examinations were excluded if a postpyloric tube was present, tracer was administered orally or with diet differing from habitual, habitual diet was indeterminable, imaging was terminated early, or >50% of input counts emptied during bolus administration. Emptying was classified as delayed if gastric residual at 1 h was ≥60% of ingested dose.ResultsEighteen examinations (15 individuals) were performed with blends and 35 examinations (32 individuals) with formula. Although percentage of residual at 1 h was significantly higher in patients receiving blends compared with formula (54 ± 17 vs 40 ± 25, P = 0.04), the number of patients with delayed gastric emptying did not differ (39% vs 29%, respectively, P = 0.54). Type of diet, feed volume or concurrent medications did not predict delayed gastric emptying. Children with blends received higher bolus volumes (106 ± 55 vs 66 ± 59 ml; P = 0.02), and this significantly predicted percentage of residual (β = 0.14; P = 0.01).ConclusionThe proportion of patients with delayed gastric emptying was similar in children receiving blends and formula. Although the mean percentage of gastric residual was higher with blends, this may be explained by higher bolus volumes administered. This preliminary work suggests that blends compare favorably to formula.
The Left Outflow Tract in Fetal Cardiac Screening Examination
Authors: Regouin Maud , Mancini Julien , Lafouge Antoine , Mace Pierre , Fontaine Nathalie , Roussin Stéphanie , Guichard Jimmy , Dumont Coralie , Quarello Edwin 
Published: May 2023

ObjectivesSince 2016, the French CNEOF included the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) in the second and third trimester of pregnancy in addition to the four‐chamber view and the parasagittal view of the right outflow tract. The objective of this study was to define quality criteria for fetal LVOT assessment and to perform a human audit of past and current practices, before and after the implementation of those quality criteria at a large scale.MethodsSeven quality criteria were investigated and rated from 0 to 1 during three periods of interest. Files were randomly selected from three centers, and average total and specific scores were calculated.ResultsLVOT pictures were present in more than 94.3% of reports. The average quality score was 5.49/7 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.36–5.62), 5.91/7 (95% CI: 5.80–6.03), and 5.70/7 (95% CI: 5.58–5.82) for the three centers in the three periods of interest. There was no significant difference following the introduction of the quality criteria, 2017 versus 2020, P = .054.ConclusionFetal LVOT images were present in most of ultrasound reports but the introduction of the proposed quality criteria under human supervision seems not associated with a significant change in practice.
The Increasing Burden of Depression in Patients Undergoing Head and Neck Cancer Operations
Authors: Madrigal Josef , Tie Edward K. , Verma Arjun , Benharash Peyman , Rapkin David A. , St. John Maie A. 
Published: May 2023

ObjectiveDepression remains prevalent in patients undergoing head and neck cancer (HNCA) operations. The present study aimed to assess the impact of depression on perioperative and readmission outcomes following HNCA resection.MethodsAll elective hospitalizations involving HNCA resection were identified from the 2010–2019 Nationwide Readmissions Database. Patients were stratified by history of depression. To perform risk‐adjustment in assessing perioperative and readmission outcomes, 3:1 nearest neighbor matching was performed. A subpopulation analysis was also conducted to assess interval development of depression in the postoperative period.ResultsOf an estimated 133,018 patients undergoing HNCA operations, 8.9% (n = 11,855) had comorbid depression. Over the decade‐long study period, the prevalence of depression in this population increased (7.8% in 2010 vs. 10.0% in 2019, NPTrend<0.001). Among 24,938 propensity matched patients, those with depression had similar incidence of in‐hospital mortality (0.4 vs. 0.7%,p = 0.14) as well as perioperative medical (22.0 vs. 21.9%,p = 0.93) and surgical (10.2 vs. 10.3,p = 0.84) complications, though had higher rates of non‐home discharge (16.9 vs. 13.5%,p < 0.001) and 30‐day readmission (13.6 vs. 11.8%,p = 0.030). Predictors of depression in the postoperative period included primary coverage by Medicare or Medicaid as well as comorbid anxiety or drug use disorder.ConclusionThe prevalence of depression in HNCA patients continues to increase. Although depression was not associated with increased in‐hospital mortality and complications, it did impact rates of rehospitalization as well as non‐routine discharge. Screening and therapeutic interventions addressing such postoperative events may serve to improve long‐term clinical and financial outcomes in this at‐risk population.Level of Evidence3—Retrospective cohort studyLaryngoscope, 133:3396–3402, 2023
Flap perfusion assessment with indocyanine green angiography in deep inferior epigastric perforator flap breast reconstruction: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Wang Zhaojian , Jiao Ling , Chen Siliang , Li Zhijin , Xiao Yiding , Du Fengzhou , Huang Jiuzuo , Long Xiao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundIndocyanine green angiography (ICG‐A) has been widely applied for intraoperative flap assessment in DIEP flap breast reconstruction. However, the beneficial effect of ICG‐A in DIEP flap breast reconstruction is still uncertain and no standardized protocol is available. This study aims to analyze the clinical outcome and comprehensively review protocols of this field.MethodsA systematic review was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL databases until September 15, 2022. Studies on the utility of intraoperative ICG‐A in DIEP breast reconstruction were included. Data reporting reconstruction outcomes were extracted for pooled analysis.ResultsA total of 22 studies were enrolled in the review, among five studies with 1021 patients included in the meta‐analysis. The protocols of ICG‐A assessment of DIEP flap varied among studies. According to the pooled results, the incidence of postoperative fat necrosis was 10.89% (50 of 459 patients) with ICG‐A and 21.53% (121 of 562 patients) with clinical judgment. The risk for postoperative fat necrosis was significantly lower in patients with intraoperative ICG‐A than without (RR 0.47 95% CI 0.29–0.78, p = .004, I2 = 51%). Reoperation occurred in 5 of 48 patients (10.42%) in the ICG‐A group and in 21 of 64 patients (32.82%) in the control group summarized from reports in two studies. The risk for reoperation was lower in the ICG‐A group than in the control group (RR 0.41 95% CI 0.18–0.93, p = .03, I2 = 0%). Other complications, including flap loss, seroma, hematoma, dehiscence, mastectomy skin necrosis, and infection, were comparable between the two groups. Heterogeneities among studies were acceptable. No significant influence of specific studies was identified in sensitivity analysis.ConclusionsICG‐A is an accurate and reliable way to identify problematic perfusion of DIEP flaps during breast reconstruction. Protocols of ICG‐A differed in current studies. Intraoperative ICG‐A significantly decreases the rate of fat necrosis and reoperation in patients undergoing DIEP breast reconstruction. The synthesized results should be interpreted sensibly due to the sample size limitation. RCTs on the outcomes and high‐quality studies for an optimized ICG‐A protocol are still needed in the future.
Preconditioned tensor format conjugate gradient squared and biconjugate gradient stabilized methods for solving stein tensor equations
Authors: Chen Yuhan , Li Chenliang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article is concerned with solving the high order Stein tensor equation arising in control theory. The conjugate gradient squared (CGS) method and the biconjugate gradient stabilized (BiCGSTAB) method are attractive methods for solving linear systems. Compared with the large‐scale matrix equation, the equivalent tensor equation needs less storage space and computational costs. Therefore, we present the tensor formats of CGS and BiCGSTAB methods for solving high order Stein tensor equations. Moreover, a nearest Kronecker product preconditioner is given and the preconditioned tensor format methods are studied. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the new methods are verified by some numerical examples.
Investigation on the effect of castor‐oil based bio‐resins on mechanical, visco‐elastic, and water diffusion properties of flax fiber reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Sankar Lal Sathyaraj , Kannan Sekar , Sahoo Sushanta K. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDue to the depletion of petro‐based sources and environmental consciousness, researchers are striving to replace synthetic fibers and resins in composites with bio‐sourced ones without compromising their properties. In this regard, the present study investigates the effect of partially replacing epoxy moieties with castor oil based bio‐resins on various properties of epoxy resin and its flax fiber reinforced composite system to achieve sustainable materials, thereby encouraging the bio‐based theme. Base‐catalyzed transesterification was used to synthesize epoxy methyl ricinoleate (EMR) as a low viscous reactive green monomer derived from epoxidized castor oil (ECO). The influence of both ECO and EMR bio‐resin on various mechanical, thermo‐mechanical properties, free mode vibration, and water absorption of epoxy and its composites were studied. The composition with 20% of ECO and EMR was optimized based on stiffness‐toughness balance. The inclusion of 20% EMR significantly escalated the tensile, impact, and fracture toughness properties of epoxy composites by 6.45%, 12.8%, and 14.2%, respectively. The strong fiber‐matrix interface was confirmed by increased pullout adhesion by 21% and 35.1% due to the addition of ECO and EMR, respectively. Dynamic mechanical analyzer revealed a 12% higher storage modulus for EMR modified composites than ECO counterparts. Scanning electron microscope morphology revealed superior interfacial adhesion between fiber and matrix in case of EMR modified bio‐composite, which resulted in a lower water diffusion coefficient than ECO modified bio‐composite. These results showed that the 20% EMR customized epoxy composite is dimensionally stable with improved mechanical properties and may act as a green alternative to petro‐sourced epoxy composites in automotive and semistructural applications.Highlights
Effects of castor oil based bio‐resins on epoxy composites are studied.
Composites with significant bio‐content (~50 wt%) are developed.
EMR modified epoxy composites exhibited improved mechanical properties.
A strong fiber‐matrix interface was confirmed by increased pullout adhesion.
Reduction in pot life of epoxy was observed on adding ECO and EMR.
Affective temperaments mediate the effect of childhood maltreatment on bipolar depression severity
Authors: Terao Itsuki , Morishita Chihiro , Tamada Yu , Masuya Jiro , Fujimura Yota , Toda Hiroyuki , Kusumi Ichiro , Tanabe Hajime , Inoue Takeshi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimBipolar disorder is a leading disorder contributing to global disease burden, and bipolar depression often becomes severe and refractory. Therefore, clarifying the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder is an urgent issue. Previous reports suggested that factors, such as affective temperaments and childhood maltreatment, aggravate bipolar depression severity. However, to our knowledge, no reports to date have clarified the interrelationship between the above factors and bipolar depression severity. We here hypothesized that childhood maltreatment worsens bipolar depression severity via increasing affective temperaments. To test this hypothesis, a covariance structural analysis was conducted.MethodsThe following information was evaluated for a total of 75 people with bipolar disorder using self‐administered questionnaires: demographic characteristics, depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire‐9), history of childhood maltreatment (Child Abuse and Trauma Scale), and affective temperaments (Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire). The results were analyzed using covariance structure analysis.ResultsA significant indirect effect of childhood maltreatment on bipolar depression severity via increasing affective temperaments was identified, whereas the direct effect of childhood maltreatment was not significant.ConclusionOur results reveal that affective temperaments can mediate the adverse effects of childhood maltreatment on the severity of bipolar depression.
Practical limits of multijunction solar cells
Authors: Peters Ian Marius , Rodríguez Gallegos Carlos David , Lüer Larry , Hauch Jens A. , Brabec Christoph J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMultijunction solar cells offer a path to very high conversion efficiency, exceeding 60% in theory. Under ideal conditions, efficiency increases monotonically with the number of junctions. In this study, we explore technical and economic mechanisms acting on tandem solar cells. We find that these mechanisms produce limitations that are the more pronounced the greater the number of junction is and, hence, limit the ideal number of junctions, as well as the corresponding efficiencies. Spectral variations induce current losses in series‐connected tandem solar cells. For Denver, we find that these losses reduce achievable harvesting efficiencies to 51% for non‐concentrated light and that they restrict the ideal number of junctions to less than nine. Independently operated solar cells suffer from optical losses with similar consequences. Even high optical efficiencies of 99% restrict the ideal number of junctions to below 10 and reduce achievable efficiencies by more than 10%. Only architectures with a sequential cell illumination are more resilient to these losses. Restricting available materials reveals that a sufficiently low band gap for the bottom cell of 0.9 eV or below is expedient to realize high efficiencies. Economic considerations show that five junctions or less are economically ideal for most conceivable applications.