bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nephrology workforce in China: describing current status and evaluating the optimal capacity based on real-world data
Authors: Wu Jingyi , Li Qing , Bao Chenlu , Yang Chao , Li Pengfei , Zhang Luxia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
This study aims to characterize the current status of the nephrology workforce in China and evaluate its optimal capacity based on real-world patient mobility data.

Methods
Data on nephrologists in China were collected from two prominent online healthcare platforms using web crawlers and natural language processing techniques. Hospitalization records of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) from January 2014 to December 2018 were extracted from a national administrative database in China. City-level paths of patient mobility were identified. Effects of nephrology workforce on patient mobility were analyzed using multivariate Poisson regression models.

Results
Altogether 9.13 nephrologists per million population (pmp) were in practice, with substantial city-level variations ranging from 0.16 to 88.79. The ratio of nephrologists to the estimated CKD population was 84.57 pmp. Among 6 415 559 hospitalizations of patients with CKD, 21.3% were cross-city hospitalizations and 7441 city-level paths of patient mobility with more than five hospitalizations were identified. After making adjustment for healthcare capacity, healthcare insurance, economic status, and travel characteristics, the Poisson regression models revealed that the number of nephrologists in both the source city (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 0.99, per 1 pmp increase) and destination city (IRR 1.07, per 1 pmp increase) were independently associated with patient mobility. An IRR plateau was observed when the number of nephrologists exceeded 12 pmp in the source city, while a rapidly increasing IRR was observed beyond 20 pmp in the destination city.

Conclusions
The nephrology workforce in China exhibits significant geographic variations. Based on local healthcare needs, an optimal range of 12–20 nephrologists pmp is suggested.
Rapid in-solution preparation of somatic and meiotic plant cell nuclei for high-quality 3D immunoFISH and immunoFISH-GISH
Authors: Makai Diána , Mihók Edit , Polgári Dávid , Cseh András , Lenykó-Thegze Andrea , Sepsi Adél , Sági László 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Though multicolour labelling methods allow the routine detection of a wide range of fluorescent (immuno)probe types in molecular cytogenetics, combined applications for the simultaneous in situ detection of proteins and nucleic acids are still sporadic in plant cell biology. A major bottleneck has been the availability of high-quality plant nuclei with a balance between preservation of 3D ultrastructure and maintaining immunoreactivity.
The aim of this study was to develop a quick and reliable procedure to prepare plant nuclei suitable for various combinations of immunolabelling and fluorescence in situ hybridisation methods (immunoFISH-GISH).

Results
The mechanical removal of the cell wall and cytoplasm, instead of enzymatic degradation, resulted in a gentle, yet effective, cell permeabilisation. Rather than manually releasing the nuclei from the fixed tissues, the procedure involves in-solution cell handling throughout the fixation and the preparation steps as ended with pipetting the pure nuclei suspension onto microscope slides. The optimisation of several critical steps is described in detail. Finally, the procedure is shown to be compatible with immunolabelling, FISH and GISH as well as their simultaneous combinations.

Conclusion
A simple plant cell nuclei preparation procedure was developed for combined immunolabelling-in situ hybridisation methods. The main and critical elements of the procedure are: a short period of fixation, incorporation of detergents to facilitate the fixation of tissues and the penetration of probes, tissue grinding to eliminate unwanted cell components, and an optimal buffer to handle nuclei. The procedure is time efficient and is easily transferable without prior expertise.
Autotaxin inhibitor IOA-289 reduces gastrointestinal cancer progression in preclinical models
Authors: Centonze Matteo , Di Conza Giusy , Lahn Michael , Fabregat Isabel , Dituri Francesco , Gigante Isabella , Serino Grazia , Scialpi Rosanna , Carrieri Livianna , Negro Roberto , Pizzuto Elena , Giannelli Gianluigi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Autotaxin (ATX) is a secreted enzyme that converts lysophosphatidylcholine to lysophosphatidic acid (LPA). LPA stimulates cell proliferation and migration and promotes wound repair following tissue damage. ATX levels are directly correlated with stage and grade in several human cancers. Several small molecule ATX inhibitors have been developed in recent years. IOA-289 is a potent ATX inhibitor, developed to treat cancers containing fibrosis. In this study, we tested IOA-289 treatment on different gastrointestinal tract tumor cell lines, in order to evaluate its effects on viability and motility.

Methods
To determine the effects on cell viability and proliferation of treatment with increasing concentrations of IOA-289, we used the crystal violet assay, a clonogenic assay in matrigel, and we evaluated the inhibitor’s effect on formation of 3D spheroids in an in vitro model. The effect of IOA-289 on cell cycle phases was analysed with a redox dye reagent. Cell migration capacity was evaluated by wound healing assay and transwell migration assay. To evaluate the pro-apoptotic effect of the inhibitor, cells were stained with Annexin V and immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis were performed. An antibody array was also used, to discriminate, in various samples, the differential expression of 43 proteins involved in the apoptosis pathway.

Results
We found that IOA-289 is able to inhibit both growth and migration of gastrointestinal tract tumor cell lines, both in 2D (crystal violet assay) and 3D in vitro models (spheroid formation and clonogenic assay in matrigel). This effect is dose-dependent, and the drug is most effective when administered in FBS-free culture medium. The inhibitory effect on cell growth is due to a pro-apoptotic effect of IOA-289. Staining with FITC-conjugated Annexin V showed that IOA-289 induced a dose-dependent increase in fluorescence following incubation for 24 h, and apoptotic cells were also distinguished in flow cytometry using Annexin/PI staining. The antibody array shows that treatment with IOA-289 causes the increased expression of several pro-apoptotic proteins in all tested cell lines.

Conclusions
These results indicate that IOA-289 may be an effective drug for the treatment of tumors of the gastrointestinal tract, particularly those characterized by a high degree of fibrosis.
Early efficacy of postoperative rehabilitation training for lumbar disc herniation
Authors: Zhu Yuwei , Xia Shuang , Yang Weihang , Shi Fengchao , Ji Hongjian 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Objective
To investigate the early clinical efficacy of rehabilitation training after unilateral biportal endoscopy for lumbar disc herniation and to analyze the prognostic factors.

Methods
A total of 100 patients with lumbar disc herniation who underwent unilateral biportal endoscopy at The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from January 2019 to January 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The control group was given a standard home-based exercise program, while the intervention group was given a substituted rehabilitation training opposed to a standard home-based exercise program. The early postoperative pain relief and quality of life values were compared between the two groups, and the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients were analyzed.

Results
There were no significant differences in sex, age, smoking, drinking, BMI, course of disease, type of disc herniation, preoperative VAS, ODI or SF-36 between the two groups (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in preoperative and postoperative VAS and ODI scores at 3 months between the two groups (P > 0.05), yet there were significant differences in postoperative VAS and ODI at 12 months (P < 0.05). The SF-36 score of the intervention group was lower than that of the control group at 12 months, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The excellent rate of the Macnab standard modification used in the intervention group was 88.00% at 12 months, and that in the control group was 62.00%. The difference between the two groups was considered to indicate a statistically significant (P < 0.05). The results of logistic multivariate regression model analysis showed that rehabilitation training (95% CI: 1.360–12.122, P = 0.012), the type of intervertebral disc (95% CI: 0.010–0.676, P = 0.020), and age (95% CI: 1.056–8.244, P = 0.039) were independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients.

Conclusion
Postoperative rehabilitation training can effectively relieve pain and improve quality of life; thus, it is highly recommended in the clinic. Postoperative rehabilitation training, intervertebral disc type and age are independent risk factors for the postoperative prognosis of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation.
Comparative in vivo biodistribution of cells labelled with [89Zr]Zr-(oxinate)4 or [89Zr]Zr-DFO-NCS using PET
Authors: Friberger Ida , Nilsson Joachim N. , Lu Li , Siikanen Jonathan , Ardenfors Oscar , Milton Stefan , Samén Erik , Goos Jeroen A. C. M. , Carlsten Mattias , Holmin Staffan , Tran Thuy A. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
In vivo monitoring of cell biodistribution using positron emission tomography (PET) provides a quantitative non-invasive method to further optimize cell therapies and related new developments in the field. Our group has earlier optimized and evaluated the in vitro properties of two radiotracers,[89Zr]Zr-(oxinate)4 and [89Zr]Zr-DFO-NCS, for the radiolabelling of different cell types. Here, we performed a microPET study to assess the in vivo biodistribution of cells in rats using these two radiotracers. Human decidual stromal cells (hDSC) and rat macrophages (rMac) were radiolabelled with [89Zr]Zr-(oxinate)4 or [89Zr]Zr-DFO-NCS. Rats were intravenously injected with radiolabelled cells, and the in vivo biodistribution was monitored with microPET/CT imaging for up to day 7. Organ uptake was evaluated and presented as a percentage of injected activity per gram tissue (%IA/g) and total absorbed organ doses (mSv/MBq).

Results
The biodistribution in vivo showed an immediate uptake in the lungs. Thereafter, [89Zr]Zr-(oxinate)4 labelled cells migrated to the liver, while the signal from [89Zr]Zr-DFO-NCS labelled cells lingered in the lungs. The differences in the in vivo behaviour for the same cell type appeared related to the radiotracer labelling. After 24 h, [89Zr]Zr-(oxinate)4 labelled cells had over 70% higher liver uptake for both hDSC and rMac compared to [89Zr]Zr-DFO-NCS labelled cells, whereas [89Zr]Zr-DFO-NCS labelled cells showed over 60% higher uptake in the lungs compared to [89Zr]Zr-(oxinate)4 labelled cells. This difference in both lung and liver uptake continued until day 7. Dosimetry calculations showed a higher effective dose (mSv/MBq) for [89Zr]Zr-DFO-NCS compared to [89Zr]Zr-(oxinate)4, for both cell types. Although the bone uptake was higher for [89Zr]Zr-(oxinate)4 labelled cells, the prolonged uptake in the lungs contributed to a significant crossfire to bone marrow resulting in a higher bone dose.

Conclusion
The [89Zr]Zr-DFO-NCS labelled cells suggest a prolonged accumulation in the lungs, while [89Zr]Zr-(oxinate)4 suggests quicker clearance of the lungs followed by accumulation in the liver. Accumulation of radiolabelled cells in the liver corresponds to other cell-tracking methods. Further studies are required to determine the actual location of the [89Zr]Zr-DFO-NCS labelled cell.
The application of long-read sequencing in clinical settings
Authors: Oehler Josephine B. , Wright Helen , Stark Zornitza , Mallett Andrew J. , Schmitz Ulf 
Published: August 2023

AbstractLong-read DNA sequencing technologies have been rapidly evolving in recent years, and their ability to assess large and complex regions of the genome makes them ideal for clinical applications in molecular diagnosis and therapy selection, thereby providing a valuable tool for precision medicine. In the third-generation sequencing duopoly, Oxford Nanopore Technologies and Pacific Biosciences work towards increasing the accuracy, throughput, and portability of long-read sequencing methods while trying to keep costs low. These trades have made long-read sequencing an attractive tool for use in research and clinical settings. This article provides an overview of current clinical applications and limitations of long-read sequencing and explores its potential for point-of-care testing and health care in remote settings.
The association between future self-continuity and problematic mobile video gaming among Chinese college students: the serial mediation of consideration of future consequences and state self-control capacity
Authors: Shen Junxian , Zheng Jiansong , Zhang Tao 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
To explore the relationship between future self-continuity and problematic mobile video gaming among Chinese college students and to examine the serial mediation of consideration of future consequences and state self-control capacity on the association between future self-continuity and problematic mobile video gaming, based on Identity-Based Motivation Theory.

Methods
The Problematic Mobile Video Gaming Scale, Future Self-continuity Scale, Consideration of Future Consequences Scale, and Short Version of State Self-control Capacity Scale were administered to a sample comprising 800 college students (338 males accounting for 42.3%). Multivariate analysis and latent variables analysis were utilized to explore the separate mediating role consideration of future consequences and state self-control capacity played in the association between future self-continuity and problematic mobile video gaming, and their serial mediation also was investigated. The Bootstrap method was employed to test the significance of these mediation effects.

Results
The negative association between future self-continuity and problematic mobile video gaming was moderately found. Students with increased consideration of future consequences from higher levels of future self-continuity have decreased their problematic mobile video gaming. Future self-continuity significantly positively predicted state self-control capacity, which in turn significantly negatively predicted problematic mobile video gaming. The serial mediation was also found.

Conclusion
The findings revealed why differences in identification with the current and future selves become influencing factors in problematic mobile video gaming. This study observed the mediating role that consideration of future consequences and state self-control capacity play in the association between future self-continuity and problematic mobile video gaming.
The Functional Significance of a Novel Conceptualization of Intrusion Symptoms of PTSD
Authors: Spiller T. R. , Gross G. , Duek O. , Pietrzak R. H. , Harpaz-Rotem I. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIntrusion symptoms are a core defining feature of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It was recently proposed that intrusions may be comprised of two distinct underlying processes: internally-cued intrusions (e.g., memories), and externally-cued intrusions (e.g., reactions to one’s environment). Preliminary empirical evidence demonstrated superior fit of an 8-factor model of PTSD, separating intrusion symptoms into an in internally-cued and externally-cued symptom cluster over other factor models of PTSD. However, whether these two clusters are related differently with functional outcomes was not investigated previously.ObjectivesThis is the first study to examine the functional correlates of the internally-cued and externally-cued intrusion symptom clusters in PTSD to assess whether separating intrusion symptoms into these two clusters is of clinical and scientific relevance.MethodsParticipants included 7460 veterans discharged from 40 VA PTSD residential treatment programs (RRTPs) across the United States in fiscal years 2018 through 2020. Demographic data was collected using a self-report form during the admission process. Symptoms of PTSD, anxiety, depression, and emotional and physical functioning were assessed with the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Questionnaire-7, and the corresponding subscales of the Short Form 12-item Health Survey, respectively. Latent network modeling was used to test the fit of the 8-factor model of PTSD. Structural equation modelling was used to investigate the associations between the factors of PTSD and the functional outcomes. All associations were adjusted for demographic characteristics, and standardized.ResultsThe 8-factor model, with separate intrusion factors, showed good model fit (CFI 0.965, RMSEA 0.045, χ2 2453.022, and P <.001). Internally-cued intrusions were negatively associated with physical functioning and positively with emotional functioning. No relationship with depression or anxiety was found. In contrast, externally-cued intrusions were negatively associated with emotional functioning and positively associated with anxiety, but not related to physical functioning and depression.ConclusionsThis study provides initial support for the functional utility of distinguishing between internally- and externally-cued intrusions in veterans with PTSD. Consequently, researchers focusing on the biological underpinnings of intrusion symptoms (e.g., in imaging or genetic studies) should account for differences in the origin of the cue triggering intrusions. Our findings are of potential clinical relevance as they might help patients adapt their coping strategies for intrusions depending on whether they originate internally (e.g., thoughts) or externally (e.g., loud noises).Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of autism spectrum disorder: a general public survey in Greece
Authors: Kouznetsov R. , Jelastopulu E. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAccording to the World Health Organisation (March 2022), it is estimated that one in 100 children worldwide has autism spectrum disorder (ASD). People with ASD very often face stigma, discrimination, and violations of their human rights. The aim of this study was to examine the knowledge and the attitudes of the general population regarding autism spectrum disorder as well as to raise awareness and promote appropriate behaviors towards people with ASD.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes, and the behaviors of the general population towards people with autism spectrum disorder in Greece. As far as is known, this is the first study carried out in Greece on this research topic.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted online via social media and completed by 642 participants with various characteristics. The questionnaires were anonymous, their completion was voluntary and included the “Societal Attitudes Towards Autism” (SATA) scale. Linguistic validation and cultural adaptation of the SATA scale into the Greek language was based on the World Health Organization specifications. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences.ResultsA total of 642 people participated in the survey, 81.2% women and 18.8% men. The majority had a very good knowledge of autism (mean score 9.1 out of 13). However, women achieved significantly higher scores than men (p = 0.003). Respondents showed moderate to positive attitudes towards people with ASD (mean score 57.9 out of 80). The knowledge score is associated with the level of education, the place of residence, the existence of a person with autism in their friend or family environment, their income and occupation. The highest scores were observed in psychiatrists, following by teachers and other mental health professionals. Notably, 220 people believed autism to be caused by vaccination.ConclusionsEducational and public health interventions should be organized in the general population in Greece to discard childhood vaccination as a causative factor of autistic spectrum disorder. There is significant need to educate the public in acquiring knowledge about autistic spectrum disorder.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Development of an Implicit Association Test to Assess Healthy and Adaptive Self-Esteem for Lower-Grade Elementary School Students
Authors: Yamasaki K. , Yokoshima T. , Noguchi D. , Uchida K. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionIn recent years, new concepts have been proposed to discriminate between healthy (adaptive) and unhealthy (nonadaptive) self-esteem. Among them, Yamasaki et al. (2017) proposed the concepts of “autonomous” and “heteronomous” self-esteem. As they underscored that autonomous self-esteem needs to be nonconsciously assessed, several nonconscious assessment methods have been developed using implicit association tests (IATs). However, any IAT has not been developed for younger children, even though it is necessary to measure autonomous self-esteem in early childhood because it is largely formed in early developmental stages.ObjectivesThe aim was to develop an IAT to measure autonomous and heteronomous self-esteem for 1st-grade elementary school children. In order to standardize it, the validity and reliability were examined.MethodsParticipants were 1st-grade children in a public elementary school in Japan. The final sample included 55 children (35 boys and 20 girls). Their two home-room teachers participated to evaluate the children. The IAT was administered twice, around four weeks apart. The original paper-and-pencil version of the IAT was developed based on the IAT by Yokoshima et al. (2021). In this test, the implicit association between two kinds of stimuli, category (e.g., “myself”) and attribute (face pictograms expressing high and low self-esteem), is measured in terms of accuracy and speed. The evaluation by teachers was conducted using 7-point Likert scales (“not true at all” to “very true”). The evaluation items were “this child proactively does what he or she wants to do alone or with friends for autonomous self-esteem and “this child is competitive and concerned with the consequences of other children” for heteronomous self-esteem.ResultsThe test-retest reliability was calculated using correlational analyses of the two measurements. The correlation was significantly positive, r = .70, p < .01. To examine the validity, the children were divided into high and low groups based on the cut-off scores (over 1 SD above the mean and under 1 SD below the mean). Statistical analyses showed that the evaluated scores were significantly higher in Group High than in Group Low regarding the characteristic of autonomous self-esteem, t (19) = 3.87, p < .01, d = 1.62, and that they were significantly higher in Group High than in Group Low for the characteristic of heteronomous self-esteem, t (19) = 3.14, p < .01, d = 1.32.ConclusionsThis study showed that the newly developed IAT for lower-grade children includes high reliability and validity. Hereafter, this test can be utilized at schools to assess autonomous and heteronomous self-esteem. As schools are interested in enhancing healthy and adaptive self-esteem, this tool will be an effective assessment method to ascertain how autonomous self-esteem is cultivated.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared