bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complicated infective endocarditis of the bioprosthetic mitral valve following the transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve procedure: a case report and literature review
Authors: Sahebjam Mohammad , Karimi Yeganeh , Fallah Flora 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Since the transcatheter valve-in-valve (ViV) procedure was introduced in 2007, a few cases of infective endocarditis (IE) following the ViV procedure have been reported, which can be predisposed by older age, pre-existing medical conditions, and procedural techniques. Paravalvular abscesses constitute a rare complication of IE, resulting from extending IE beyond the valve annulus, less commonly caused by Klebsiella species. This complication is more common in prosthetic valves, particularly bioprosthetic valves.

Case summary
We describe a 75-year-old woman with Churg–Strauss syndrome and diabetes mellitus who underwent surgical replacement of bioprosthetic aortic and mitral valves 11 years ago. One year ago, she had a transcatheter mitral ViV procedure due to bioprosthetic mitral valve degeneration. The patient was referred to our centre with fatigue and fever, alongside elevated white blood cell count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein. Blood and urine cultures tested positive for Klebsiella oxytoca. Echocardiographic assessments revealed a paravalvular abscess (13 × 8 mm) in the posterolateral side of the bioprosthetic mitral valve, fistulized into the left ventricle. The patient received treatment with vancomycin, meropenem, and colistin and was a candidate for surgery. Eleven days after the patient’s admission, she passed away.

Discussion
This study underscores the novelty of IE complicated with paravalvular abscess following the ViV procedure. In such cases, a multidisciplinary approach and timely surgical interventions are crucial for optimal patient outcomes.
Re-sheathing failure with Navitor during transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a case report
Authors: Onoda Hiroshi , Ueno Hiroshi , Hida Yuki , Imamura Teruhiko , Kinugawa Koichiro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Self-expanding valves used in transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are designed to allow recapture and repositioning, facilitating optimal placement and mitigating conduction disturbances and paravalvular leakage. Here, we present a rare case in which the Navitor (Abbott Structural Heart, Santa Clara, CA, USA) could not be recaptured.

Case summary
An 81-year-old Japanese woman with very severe aortic stenosis and a massively calcified nodule at the non-coronary cusp (NCC) underwent TAVI with a 25 mm Navitor valve. During the initial deployment attempt, non-uniform expansion (NUE) was observed on the NCC side when the valve was 80% deployed. An attempt was made to recapture and reposition the valve, but the delivery system capsule failed to fully re-sheath the prosthesis, leaving approximately one-third of the valve outside the capsule and preventing complete recapture. The Navitor was promptly redeployed while still within the basal ring. Following redeployment, the NUE resolved, and the valve was successfully positioned 3 mm below the basal ring on the NCC side and 4 mm below the left coronary cusp. We hypothesized that interference between the capsule tip and the calcified nodule on the NCC leaflet inhibited the re-sheathing process.

Conclusion
This report documents a rare complication involving the failure to recapture the Navitor valve. In cases with large calcified nodules on the leaflet, caution is essential during the re-sheathing process. We strongly recommend re-deploying the prosthesis rather than attempting to remove it from the basal ring to minimize procedural risks and ensure proper valve placement.
The risk of failure of subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator therapy: from PRAETORIAN score to clinical practice
Authors: Ziacchi Matteo , Ottaviano Luca , Checchi Luca , Viani Stefano , Nigro Gerardo , Bianchi Valter , De Bonis Silvana , De Filippo Paolo , Francia Pietro , Rapacciuolo Antonio , Vitulano Gennaro , Perego Giovanni Battista , Schillaci Vincenzo , Lavalle Carlo , Migliore Federico , Pisanò Ennio C L , Compagnucci Paolo , Palmisano Pietro , Botto Gianluca , Rordorf Roberto , Lovecchio Mariolina , Valsecchi Sergio , Biffi Mauro 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Aims
The subcutaneous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (S-ICD) is an alternative to traditional ICDs. The PRAETORIAN score, based on chest radiographs, has been validated to predict the probability of successful S-ICD defibrillation testing by assessing factors like fat thickness between the coil and sternum and generator placement. This study evaluated the correlation between the PRAETORIAN score and clinical characteristics, as well as implantation variables.

Methods and results
We retrospectively analysed data from 1253 patients who had undergone implantation of an S-ICD across 33 centres. The intermuscular positioning of the pulse generator was adopted in all patients. Post-implantation posterior–anterior and lateral chest radiographs were analysed to calculate the PRAETORIAN score. A total of 95.7% of patients had a PRAETORIAN score &lt; 90, indicative of a low risk of conversion failure. Body mass index (BMI) was the only independent predictor of a score ≥ 90, and all patients with BMI &lt; 25 kg/m2 (normal weight or underweight) had a score &lt; 90. The intermuscular positioning technique resulted in optimal posterior placement of the device in all patients and significant sub-generator fat in only 3% of cases. A shock impedance value &gt; 88 Ohm enabled to detect a PRAETORIAN score ≥ 90 with 98% (95% CI 97–99%) negative predictive value.

Conclusion
In contemporary practice, the PRAETORIAN score can be simplified. By adopting an intermuscular approach, two of the three steps of the score—evaluating the adequate posterior positioning of the generator and measuring the sub-generator fat—become superfluous, and impedance may serve as a reliable surrogate of sub-coil fat thickness. Furthermore, our data suggest that for non-obese patients, a favourable PRAETORIAN score is assured, making the score evaluation potentially unnecessary.

Clinical trial registration
URL: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ Identifier: NCT02275637.
Public knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding antibiotics use and resistance in Montenegro
Authors: Raicevic Maja , Labovic Barjaktarovic Snezana , Milic Dejana , Nedovic Vukovic Mirjana , Bajceta Natasa 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
A drug consumption monitoring revealed that Montenegro is one of the major consumers of antimicrobial drugs in Europe. The aim of this study is to obtain the first data on the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the general population in Montenegro regarding antibiotics use. This cross-sectional study was designed according to the methodology of Eurobarometer survey on antimicrobial resistance, created by the European Commission. The standardized questionnaire was conducted in Podgorica, in October–November 2022. A total of 532 participants completed the questionnaire. More than a half of responders (60.9%) have received antibiotics within the last 12 months and among them 33.4% was missing a medical prescription, nor the antibiotic was administered by a medical practitioner. The rest of the responders mostly had some antibiotics left over from a previous course (13.0%), had taken it from a pharmacy (11.4%), or elsewhere without a prescription. The most frequent reasons for antimicrobial therapy were “cold” (22.5%), “sore throat” (21.0%), “cough” (19.4%), and “COVID-19” (coronavirus disease 2019) (17.9%). Throat swab, blood test, urine test, or other test that could identify the cause of the illness preceded antimicrobial therapy in 46.3% participants. Only one-half of the participants were convinced that antibiotics are ineffective in viral infection treatment. This study is the first report on public knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding antibiotics use and resistance in Montenegro and it highlights the need for the knowledge improvement among general population, better regulations for antibiotics procurement and a campaign regarding appropriate antibiotics use among youth.
Effectiveness of the AZD1222 vaccine against COVID-19 hospitalization in Europe: final results from the COVIDRIVE test-negative case–control study
Authors: de Munter Leonie , Meeraus Wilhelmine , Dwivedi Akshat , Mitratza Marianna , Wyndham-Thomas Chloé , Carty Lucy , Ouwens Mario , Hartig-Merkel Wendy , Drikite Laura , Rebry Griet , Casas Irma , Mira-Iglesias Ainara , Icardi Giancarlo , Otero-Romero Susana , Baumgartner Sebastian , Martin Charlotte , Holemans Xavier , ten Kate Gerrit Luit , Bollaerts Kaatje , Taylor Sylvia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Marketing authorization holders of vaccines typically need to report brand-specific vaccine effectiveness (VE) to the regulatory authorities as part of their regulatory obligations. COVIDRIVE (now id. DRIVE) is a European public–private partnership for respiratory pathogen surveillance and studies of brand-specific VE with long-term follow-up. We report the final VE results from a two-dose primary series AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) vaccine schedule in ≥18-year-old individuals not receiving boosters. Patients (N = 1,333) hospitalized with severe acute respiratory infection at 14 hospitals in Austria, Belgium, Italy, and Spain were included in the test-negative case–control study in 2021–2023. Absolute VE was calculated using generalized additive model (GAM), generalized estimating equation (GEE), and spline-based area under the curve (AUC, measuring VE up to 6 months after the last dose of AZD1222). Overall VE (against coronavirus disease 2019 [COVID-19] hospitalization) of an AZD1222 primary series was estimated as 65% using GEE (95% confidence interval [CI]: 52.9–74.5), and 69% using GAM (95% CI: 50.1–80.9) over the 22-month study period (comparator group: unvaccinated patients). The AUC of the spline-based VE estimate was 74.1% (95% CI: 60.0–88.3). VE against hospitalization in study participants who received their second AZD1222 dose 2 months or less before hospitalization was 86% using GEE (95% CI: 77.8–91.4), 93% using GAM (95% CI: 67.2–98.6). During this study period, where mainly the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Omicron variant was circulating, a two-dose primary series AZD1222 vaccination conferred protection against COVID-19 hospitalization up to at least 6 months after the last dose.
Increasing incidence and prevalence of Hodgkin’s lymphoma in Finland: a population-based registry study
Authors: Antikainen Tessa , Hannuksela Noora , Anttalainen Anna , Partanen Anu , Rönkä Aino , Kuitunen Hanne , Ukkola-Vuoti Liisa , Toppila Iiro , Miettinen Tatu , Kuittinen Outi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) is a lymphoid malignancy with an emphasized incidence in developed countries. This study aimed to assess the changes in the epidemiology of HL in Finland at the population level by utilizing data from six nationwide healthcare registries. A total of 2912 patients with HL, diagnosed and treated between 2000 and 2019 were matched by controls and divided into younger (&lt;50 years) and older cohorts (≥50 years) for analysis. A slightly increasing trend in incidence per age group was observed. For the younger patients, the mean annual incidence was 3.19 for males and 2.89 for females. For the older patients, it was 3.07 and 1.59, respectively. Finland has higher incidence rates than other Scandinavian countries possibly due to unique human leucocyte antigen allele distribution. There was a notable increase in prevalence. For females, this was particularly emphasized between the ages of 30–50 years, while among males, it was more evenly distributed across all ages. As a result of improved disease management, the proportion of HL survivors is increasing.
Delayed feeding disrupts diurnal oscillations in the gut microbiome of a neotropical bat in captivity
Authors: Melville Dominik W , Meyer Magdalena , Kümmerle Corbinian , Alvarado-Barrantes Kevin A , Wilhelm Kerstin , Sommer Simone , Tschapka Marco , Risely Alice 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Diurnal rhythms of the gut microbiota are emerging as an important yet often overlooked facet of microbial ecology. Feeding is thought to stimulate gut microbial rhythmicity, but this has not been explicitly tested. Moreover, the role of the gut environment is entirely unexplored, with rhythmic changes to gut pH rather than feeding per se possibly affecting gut microbial fluctuations. In this study, we experimentally manipulated the feeding schedule of captive lesser long-nosed bats, Leptonycteris yerbabuenae, to dissociate photic and feeding cues, and measured the faecal microbiota and gut pH every 2 h. We detected strong diurnal rhythms in both microbial alpha diversity and beta diversity as well as in pH within the control group. However, a delay in feeding disrupted oscillations of gut microbial diversity and composition, but did not affect rhythms in gut pH. The oscillations of some genera, such as Streptococcus, which aid in metabolizing nutrients, shifted in accordance with the delayed-feeding cue and were correlated with pH. For other bacterial genera, oscillations were disturbed and no connection to pH was found. Our findings suggest that the rhythmic proliferation of bacteria matches peak feeding times, providing evidence that diurnal rhythms of the gut microbiota likely evolved to optimize their metabolic support to the host’s circadian phenotype.
Co-inoculation with Bacillus thuringiensis RZ2MS9 and rhizobia improves the soybean development and modulates soil functional diversity
Authors: Fonseca de Souza Leandro , Oliveira Helena Gutierrez , Pellegrinetti Thierry Alexandre , Mendes Lucas William , Bonatelli Maria Leticia , Dumaresq Aline Silva Romão , Sinatti Vanessa V C , Pinheiro José Baldin , Azevedo João Lucio , Quecine Maria Carolina 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Despite the beneficial effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on agriculture, understanding the consequences of introducing foreign microbes into soil taxonomic and functional diversity is necessary. This study evaluated the effects co-inoculation of soybean with Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) RZ2MS9 and commercial rhizobia on the natural microbial community structure and functional potential. Our results indicated that soybean development was positively influenced by co-inoculation, plants exhibited greater height and a higher number of pods, and no reductions in productivity estimates. Soil prokaryotic diversity and community structure remained unchanged by Bt RZMS9 inoculation or co-inoculation with rhizobia 147 days after sowing. However, functional diversity was influenced by sole Bt inoculation, potentially due to community quorum sensing disruption by N-acyl homoserine lactone hydrolases. The genes enriched by co-inoculation were mostly related to soil phosphorus cycling, with gcd showing the most pronounced increase. The nifA genes increased when rhizobia alone were inoculated, suggesting that this pathway could be affected by Bt RZ2MS9 inoculation. This study demonstrates the synergistic activity of rhizobia and Bt RZ2MS9 on soybean development, without significantly interfering with natural microbial community, presenting a promising approach for sustainable crop management.
Sanctuary policies and type 2 diabetes medication prescription trends among community health center patients
Authors: Goglichidze Salome , Wang Wanjiang , Smith Louisa H , Ezekiel-Herrera David , Heintzman John D , Marino Miguel , Lucas Jennifer A , Crookes Danielle M 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Immigrants in the United States are at increased risk of diabetes-related complications due to delayed diagnoses compared with US-born individuals. Immigration-related federal policies may support immigration enforcement activities and restrict some immigrants' access to health insurance and other publicly funded resources. Conversely, state and county-level sanctuary policies may reduce the fear of deportation and increase mobility in the community, improving the accessibility of essential pharmacological treatment for type 2 diabetes patients. This retrospective cohort study estimated the odds of receiving glucose-lowering medication prescriptions by the county's sanctuary policy environment for patients within a nationwide network of community health centers. We did not find statistically significant associations between sanctuary policies and annual prescription rates. The associations were not modified by nativity or race/ethnicity. Notably, compared to US-born patients, immigrants had higher odds of receiving prescriptions regardless of the sanctuary policy environment, emphasizing other potential influences on the receipt of anti-diabetes prescriptions for community health center patients.
A fast algorithm for smooth convex minimization problems and its application to inverse source problems
Authors: Quy Muoi Pham , Quang Duy Vo , Vinh Khanh Chau , Trung Thành Nguyen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
In this paper, we propose a fast algorithm for smooth convex minimization problems in a real Hilbert space whose objective functionals have Lipschitz continuous Fréchet derivatives. The main advantage of the proposed algorithm is that it has the optimal-order convergence rate and faster than Nesterov’s algorithm with the best setting. To demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm, we compare it with Nesterov’s algorithm in several examples, including inverse source problems for elliptic and hyperbolic PDEs. The numerical tests show that the proposed algorithm converges faster than Nesterov’s algorithm.
Tolerance to land-use changes through natural modulations of the plant microbiome
Authors: Zieschank Vincent , Muola Anne , Janssen Stefan , Lach Alexander , Junker Robert R 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Land-use changes threaten ecosystems and are a major driver of species loss. Plants may adapt or migrate to resist global change, but this can lag behind rapid anthropogenic changes to the environment. Our data show that natural modulations of the microbiome of grassland plants in response to experimental land-use change in a common garden directly affect plant phenotype and performance, thus increasing plant tolerance. In contrast, direct effects of fertilizer application and mowing on plant phenotypes were less strong. Land-use intensity-specific microbiomes caused clearly distinguishable plant phenotypes also in a laboratory experiment using gnotobiotic strawberry plants in absence of environmental variation. Therefore, natural modulations of the plant microbiome may be key to species persistence and ecosystem stability. We argue that a prerequisite for this microbiome-mediated tolerance is the availability of diverse local sources of microorganisms facilitating rapid modulations in response to change. Thus, conservation efforts must protect microbial diversity, which can help mitigate the effects of global change and facilitate environmental and human health.
Dietary phytosterols increased the rate of weight gain, antioxidant capacity and growth of beneficial strains of bacteria in the gut and suppressed the population of potentially pathogenic bacteria in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Authors: Shi Haisong , Pan Zhongchao , Chen Yufei , Ai Qinghui , Ouyang Paihuai , Sun Fenggang , Qu Kangyuan , Liu Yucheng , Tan Beiping , Xie Shiwei 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This study was to evaluate the effects of dietary adding of phytosterol (PS) on growth, antioxidant capacity, tissue morphology and gut microbiota of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides). A total of 540 largemouth bass (13.75 ± 0.37g) were selected and randomly divided into six groups and fed with diets supplemented with 0, 0.01 %, 0.02 %, 0.03 %, 0.04 % and 0.05 % of PS (ontrol, PS1-PS5) for 56 d. The results showed that the rate of weight gain (WGR) and condition factor (CF) of largemouth bass increased significantly (P &lt; 0.05) with the increasing PS addition levels. In addition, PS significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in serum compared to group C (P &lt; 0.05), as well as increased relative expression of pituitary Insulin-like growth factor (igf1ra, igf1rb, and igf2r), hypothalamic growth hormone gh and insulin receptor ir, compared with group C (P &lt; 0.05). Histopathological analysis showed that the addition of 0.04 % PS to the feed resulted in a tighter cellular arrangement and a significant reduction in vacuolisation in the liver of largemouth bass. It also significantly increased intestinal fold width and muscle wall thickness (P &lt; 0.05). Analysis of the intestinal flora showed a significant decrease in the α-diversity of the flora in the PS4 group compared to the C group (P &lt; 0.05). Notably, at the phylum level, the addition of PS to feed significantly reduced the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Bacteroidota. At the genus level, PS significantly increased the relative abundance of Cetobacterium (P &lt; 0.05). The addition of 0.04 % PS to the feed promotes growth, antioxidant capacity, improved tissue morphology and increased abundances of beneficial gut microbiotas in largemouth bass.
Relevance of mouse and human IBD patients-derived colon organoids to investigate intestinal macrophage differentiation
Authors: Costa Maxime , Pottier Muriel , Jacob Marie , Zarnitzky Pauline , Segain Benjamin , Figeac Martin , Sebda Shéhérazade , Leprêtre Frédéric , Meresse Bertrand , Demaret Julie , Foligné Benoit , Standaert Annie , Bertin Benjamin 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is a remarkable example of complex biology, with a constant dialogue between the intestinal epithelium, in close contact with the microbiota, and the immune cells that protect the gut from infection. Organoids have revolutionized our approach to modelling the intestinal cellular compartment and have opened new avenues for unravelling the mechanisms involved in intestinal homeostasis and chronic pathogenesis such as inflammatory bowel disease. To date, few models have been established to explore the role of the colon, which is however the main site of inflammation in ulcerative colitis (UC). Here, we used conditioned media produced by colon organoids (OCM) from mice or human (control and UC patients) to investigate the relationship between macrophages and the colon epithelium. We addressed transcriptomic profiles of OCM-stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages and found that these cells exhibited a unique anti-inflammatory signature distinct from that of conventional in vitro IL-4/IL-13 M2 differentiated macrophages. In addition, OCM induced a clear CD5 antigen-like-mediated immunoregulatory effect characterized by a significant reduction in LPS-induced iNOS expression. In line, OCM from human colons inhibited LPS-dependent inflammatory cytokine expression in human monocytes-derived macrophages. Interestingly, the inflammatory marker CD68 was reduced by OCM from control patients but not from UC patients, suggesting epithelial dysfunction in UC patients. Our results report new regulatory mechanisms in the colon and highlight the importance of developing new in vitro models to better characterize the relationship between the intestinal epithelium and immune mucosal cells.