bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Health outcomes of children in state care in Aotearoa New Zealand
Authors: Pugh Mia , Bowden Nick , Kokaua Jesse , Dawson Pauline , Duncanson Mavis 
Published: April 2023

AimThis study aims to provide an overview of the association between being in the custody of the chief executive of Oranga Tamariki (the child welfare agency of the New Zealand (NZ) government) and all‐cause hospitalisation and mortality.MethodsThis was a national retrospective cohort study using linked administrative data from the Integrated Data Infrastructure. Data were obtained for all 0–17 year‐olds living in NZ on 31 December 2013. In‐care status was ascertained at this point. Outcomes of all‐cause hospitalisation and all‐cause mortality were assessed between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2018. Adjusted models incorporated age, sex, ethnicity, level of socioeconomic deprivation and rural/urban status.ResultsThere were 4650 in‐care children and 1 009 377 not‐in‐care children in NZ on 31 December 2013. Of those in care, 54% were male, 42% lived in the most deprived areas and 63% identified as Māori. Adjusted models showed that in‐care children were 1.32 (95% CI 1.27–1.38) times more likely to be hospitalised than not‐in‐care children and 3.64 (95% CI 2.47–5.40) times more likely to die.ConclusionThis cohort study highlights that the care and protection system prior to 2018 was not preventing children in its care from experiencing severe adverse outcomes. Overseas research has previously been relied on when making practice and policy decisions around child care and protection in NZ, so this research will provide valuable insight into best practice in an NZ context.
ArylalkylamineN‐acetyltransferase (AANAT): Blue light induction, nuclear translocation, and potential role in the survival of chicken retina neuronal cells
Authors: Rios Maximiliano N. , Marchese Natalia A. , Guido Mario E. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn vertebrates, arylalkylamineN‐acetyltransferase (AANAT; EC 2.3.1.87) is the time‐keeping and key regulatory enzyme in melatonin (Mel) biosynthesis. AANAT is present in the pineal gland, retina, and other regions where it is controlled by light, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels, and the molecular clock. AANAT converts serotonin toN‐acetyl serotonin (NAS) and the last enzyme in the pathway, hydroxy‐o‐methyltransferase (HIOMT), forms Mel by NAS methylation. We have previously shown that AANAT is expressed in chicken retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) during daytime at the level of mRNA and enzyme activity. Here we investigated the presence of AANAT protein and mRNA throughout development in the chicken embryonic retina as well as AANAT expression, phosphorylation, and its sub‐cellular localization in primary cultures of retinal neurons from E10 embryonic retinas exposed to blue light (BL) and controls kept in the dark (D). From embryonic days 7–10 (E7‐10) AANAT mRNA and protein were visualized mainly concentrated in the forming ganglion cell layer (GCL), while from E17 through postnatal days, expression was detectable all through the different retinal cell layers. At postnatal day 10 (PN10) when animals were subjected to a 12:12 h LD cycle, AANAT was mainly expressed in the GCL and inner nuclear layer cells at noon (Zeitgeber Time (ZT 6)) and in the photoreceptor cell layer at night (ZT 21). Primary cultures of retinal neurons exhibited an induction of AANAT protein when cells were exposed to BL for 1 h as compared with D controls. After BL exposure, AANAT showed a significant change in intracellular localization from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in the BL condition, remaining in the nucleus 1–2 h in the D after BL stimulation. BL induction of nuclear AANAT was substantially inhibited when cultures were treated with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CHD). Furthermore, the phosphorylated form of the enzyme (pAANAT) increased after BL in nuclear fractions obtained from primary cultures as compared with D controls. Finally, the knockdown of AANAT by sh‐RNA in primary cultures affected cell viability regardless of the light condition. AANAT knockdown also affected the redox balance, sh‐AANAT treated cultures showing higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) than in the sh‐control. Our results support the idea that AANAT is a BL‐sensing enzyme in the inner retina of diurnal vertebrates, undergoing phosphorylation and nuclear importation in response to BL stimulation. Moreover, it can be inferred that AANAT plays a novel role in nuclear function, cell viability, and, likely, through redox balance regulation.
Communities as inventors: Rethinking positive protection of traditional knowledge through patents
Authors: Bhaduri Anik 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTraditional knowledge of indigenous communities often overlaps with spiritual traditions in which certain biogenetic resources are understood to be “sacred”. Accordingly, one of the key concerns of these communities is to retain control over the manner in which the knowledge is used so as to ensure that its sanctity is preserved. While much of the literature on the protection of traditional knowledge revolves around defensive protection, some commentators have argued for positive protection using patent law by recognizing the entire community as inventors and vesting property rights in perpetuity with the community as a whole. This paper observes that such positive protection through patents is consistent with the TRIPS Agreement and is likely to be successful in combating biopiracy but suffers from one crucial flaw—even if the community owns patent rights over a biogenetic resource, the community has no means to ensure that a potential licensee of the patent would adhere to the religious protocols of the community. Accordingly, it argues for the incorporation of collective moral rights rooted in indigenous law into the legal framework governing the licensing of traditional knowledge patent with a view to ensuring that indigenous communities can preserve their cultural heritage even after such community patents are licensed.
MOSAIC+: A Crosslinguistic Model of Verb‐Marking Errors in Typically Developing Children and Children With Developmental Language Disorder
Authors: Freudenthal Daniel , Gobet Fernand , Pine Julian M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study extended an existing crosslinguistic model of verb‐marking errors in children's early multiword speech (MOSAIC) by adding a novel mechanism that defaults to the most frequent form of the verb where this accounts for a high proportion of forms in the input. Our simulations showed that the resulting model not only provides a better explanation of the data on typically developing children but also captures the crosslinguistic pattern of verb‐marking error in children with developmental language disorder, including the tendency of English‐speaking children to show higher rates of optional‐infinitive errors and the tendency of Dutch‐, German‐, and Spanish‐speaking children to show higher rates of agreement errors. The new version of MOSAIC thus provides a unified crosslinguistic model of the pattern of verb‐marking errors in typically developing children and children with developmental language disorder.
Shining a light on bacterial environmental cue integration and its relation to metabolism
Authors: Chen Yue , Quirk Natalia F. , Tan Shumin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe ability of a bacterium to successfully colonize its host is dependent on proper adaptation to its local environment. Environmental cues are diverse in nature, ranging from ions to bacterial‐produced signals, and to host immune responses that can also be exploited by the bacteria as cues. Simultaneously, bacterial metabolism must be matched to the carbon and nitrogen sources available at a given time and location. While initial characterization of a bacterium's response to a given environmental cue or its ability to utilize a particular carbon/nitrogen source requires study of the signal in question in isolation, actual infection poses a situation where multiple signals are present concurrently. This perspective focuses on the untapped potential in uncovering and understanding how bacteria integrate their response to multiple concurrent environmental cues, and in elucidating the possible intrinsic coordination of bacterial environmental response with its metabolism.
International origin and development of nationalism: Generational transformation of East Timorese nationalism under Indonesia's occupation (1975–1999)
Authors: Kamisuna Takahiro 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEast Timorese nationalism experienced a unique generational transition during Indonesia's occupation hinging onto internationalism in the changing world. In contrast to the existing literature on nationalism, which is overwhelmingly focused on earlier construction of nationalism and post‐independence nation building, this article offers a theoretical account of the transformation of nationalism from an older to newer generation through a socio‐historical analysis. In light of interactions between nationalism and internationalism, it argues that while the older generation relied on a Lusophone cosmology of anti‐colonialism derived from counterparts in Portuguese colonies in Africa in the 1960s, the younger generation took advantage of universal human rights advocacy in the 1990s in its aspiration for independence. In doing so, this study demonstrates both generational continuity and change in the construction, development and transformation of East Timorese nationalism.
Anaemia in adolescent women: A priority for the nutrition agenda in Mexico. A comparison of data from the ENSANUT 2012 and 2018–2019 surveys
Authors: Mejía‐Rodríguez Fabiola , Kim‐Herrera Edith Y. , Quezada‐Sánchez Amado D. , Venosa López Mónica , Pacheco‐Miranda Selene , Shamah‐Levy Teresa , Bonvecchio Arenas Anabelle , García Guerra Armando , De la Cruz‐Góngora Vanessa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe risk of anaemia in adolescence increases due to accelerated growth. This study aims to: (1) estimate the prevalence of anaemia in 2012 and 2018–2019 (Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutricion – ENSANUT [n = 5841 in 2012 and n = 2380 in 2018–2019]) in non‐pregnant, Mexican adolescent women aged 12–19 years, and the changes in prevalence over this period according to sociodemographic, health and nutrition characteristics; (2) estimate the associations between anaemia and sociodemographic, health and nutrition characteristics in each year and overall, in non‐pregnant Mexican adolescent women. Anaemia was defined as capillary haemoglobin <12 g/dL. The distribution of characteristics and their changes between 2012 and 2018–2019 were described. The covariate‐adjusted prevalence of anaemia in 2012 and 2018–2019 and the changes over that period were estimated from a multiple log‐binomial regression model and the factors associated with anaemia were assessed in each survey year and in both years combined. The prevalence of anaemia was 7.7% in 2012 and 13.1% in 2018–2019 (69% increase, Prevalence Ratio: PR = 1.69; 95%CI: 1.35, 2.13). The covariate‐adjusted prevalence of anaemia increased from 6.9% to 10.5% in the overall population (PR = 1.53, 95%CI: 1.19, 1.96), and increased considerably in the age group 12–14 years (PR = 1.94, 95%CI: 1.36, 2.75), and in the northern region (PR = 3.68, 95%CI: 2.55, 5.32). Those receiving iron supplements or school breakfasts did not register a significant increase. A higher household wellbeing status and older age were associated with a lower prevalence of anaemia. Anaemia in non‐pregnant adolescent women continues to be a public health problem. To improve the development and health of adolescent women in Mexico and to pave the way to a healthy pregnancy for the next generation, the causes of anaemia should be identified.
Effects of physalis rugose mosaic and groundnut ringspot viruses, in single and double infections, on the development, yield and postharvest fruit characteristics of Physalis peruviana plants
Authors: Kraide Heron Delgado , Carmo Eike Yudi Nishimura , Esquivel‐Fariña Arnaldo , Ferro Camila Geovana , da Silva Paula Porrelli Moreira , Rezende Jorge Alberto Marques 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPhysalis peruviana (Solanaceae), originating from the Andean region of South America, is an exotic plant cultivated in Brazil that produces edible fruit. Five viruses have been reported to naturally infect the Physalis plants in Brazil, of which, two have been drawing attention for the severity of their infections: sobemovirus, physalis rugose mosaic virus (PhyRMV) and orthotospovirus, groundnut ringspot virus (GRSV). This study aimed to evaluate the effects of single and double infections of PhyRMV and GRSV on the development, yield and postharvest fruit characteristics of P. peruviana plants. We found that both viruses caused severe systemic symptoms in infected plants, and double infection even led to plant death. Plant height and aerial dry weight were significantly affected by PhyRMV and GRSV infections. Double‐infected plants were the most affected, exhibiting average height and aerial dry weight reductions of 70.9% and 89.7%, respectively. Moreover, PhyRMV‐ and GRSV‐infected plants showed average fruit yield reductions of 66.4% and 85.2%, respectively, compared to healthy plants. Notably, double‐infected plants did not produce any fruit. The fruits produced by infected plants were smaller than those produced by healthy plants. Viral infections also affected postharvest characteristics, such as titratable acidity, total soluble solids (°Brix), phenolic compound concentration and antioxidant activity. Both viruses affected the pulp firmness and palatability, but not the colour of the fruits. Therefore, effective disease management strategies against these viruses are necessary to prevent economic losses.
Advance care planning in chronic kidney disease: A national Danish survey of knowledge and attitudes among clinicians
Authors: Frandsen Christina Egmose , Dieperink Hans , Trettin Bettina , Agerskov Hanne 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionPatients with chronic kidney disease and their families strongly request advance care planning. They want it to start early—before treatment decisions are made—and to be an ongoing process during their illness trajectory. Previous international studies show that health care professionals find there to be significant barriers that impact the extent of involvement in advance care planning.AimTo identify Danish nephrology health care professionals' knowledge and attitudes to advance care planning and the status of current advance care planning practice in Denmark.MethodAn anonymous, cross‐sectional survey was administrated online. The questionnaire was developed in Australia and translated and culturally adapted into Danish. Health care professionals were recruited via email lists. In descriptive statistics and multiple ordinal regression, the influence of the respondents' attributes on the extent of involvement in advance care planning was explored, along with the involvement of family, and skills, comfort, barriers and facilitators in relation to advance care planning.ResultsThe 207 respondents comprised nephrologists (23%), other physicians (8%), nurses (62%) and other HCPs (7%), of whom 27% had participated in advance care planning training. In total, 66% indicated that they lacked access to material about advance care planning for patients with chronic kidney disease and 46% indicated that the conversations were performed ad hoc. A total of 47% reported that advance care planning was performed well at their workplace. Reported barriers were time, lack of experience and procedure. Training in advance care planning could facilitate the involvement. Nurses were less likely to feel skilled and comfortable in engaging advance care planning, while those with more than 10 years of experience were more likely to feel skilled and comfortable.ConclusionTraining in advance care planning with patients with chronic kidney disease and their families on both a theoretical and clinical level is important to ensure comfort among health care professionals and to facilitate the extent of involvement. A systematic chronic kidney disease‐specific approach is significant, in order to guide the conversations and ensure that advance care planning is conducted to a set standard.
Efficacy of yoga for caregivers of persons with dementia: An integrative review
Authors: Parkman Suzanne , Olausson Jill 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe progressive nature of dementia leaves the person vulnerable and dependent on others for care. While persons with dementia often have better outcomes when cared for at home, it can lead to personal challenges and self‐neglect of the caregiver. Mindfulness‐based interventions such as yoga can lessen the potential negative effects encountered by caregivers of persons with dementia.AimThe aim of this review was to synthesise available empirical research related to the role of yoga on the biopsychosocial health outcomes for caregivers of persons with dementia population.MethodA systematic search of the databases Academic Search Complete, CINAHL Plus, Medline and PsychINFO was done using the terms “yoga” AND “caregivers or family members or informal caregivers” AND “dementia or Alzheimer's.” Using the selection process outlined by the PRISMA framework, thirty‐six studies met the initial criteria and were potentially relevant to the topic. A methodological check was performed using the critical appraisal tool of Melnyk and Fineout‐Overholt and the GRADE system of recommendation. This process led to the inclusion of four articles.FindingsFour studies were included for this review: two randomised controlled trials, a non‐randomised intervention study with a waitlist and a pilot cohort study. Three studies focused on informal caregivers and one study involved professional caregivers. In all studies, yoga practices included asanas, pranayama, relaxation and meditation. This integrative review recommended that yoga may be useful in reducing stress, depression and anxiety while increasing quality of life indicators, vitality indicators, self‐compassion scores, mindfulness attention, sleep quality and diastolic blood pressure. Outcomes that were not significantly changed were caregiver burden, systolic blood pressure and heart rate. However, the level of evidence was moderate with small sample sizes suggesting additional research is needed to include well‐designed randomised controlled trials with larger sample sizes.
A cosmopolitan instrumentalist theory of secession
Authors: Weltman Daniel 
Published: April 2023

AbstractI defend the cosmopolitan instrumentalist theory of secession, according to which a group has a right to secede only if this would promote cosmopolitan justice. I argue that the theory is preferable to other theories of secession because it is an entailment of cosmopolitanism, which is independently attractive, and because, unlike other theories of secession, it allows us to give the answers we want to give in cases like secession of the rich or secession that would make things worse for minorities. I defend the view against the objections that it allows for colonialism and annexation, that it is not a distinct theory, and that it is impractical.
Do you need to know in order to act? The case for a Suárezian legacy in early modern occasionalism
Authors: Sangiacomo Andrea 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe goal of this article is to suggest that in early modern discussions of agency and causal efficacy it is possible to detect an attempt at pushing to its extreme consequences a specific account of agency and causality that was developed in late scholastic thought. More specifically, the article examines Francisco Suárez's (1548–1617) account of freedom and how this relates to his views on efficient causality. Despite Suárez's careful way of differentiating between natural (necessary) and human (free) agents, his viewcanbe exploited to drive home occasionalist positions that deny causal efficacy for natural agents lacking reason. The family resemblance that might be noted between early modern positions could be traced back to the reception of a common late scholastic background and to the tensions and potential nestled there.
Economic complexity and income inequality: New evidence of a nonlinear effect
Authors: Nguyen Canh Phuc , Nguyen Binh Quang , Tran Duyen Thuy Le 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroThe literature indicates that economic complexity (the geography of economic activities) is an important explanatory factor in income inequality; however, empirical evidence is still inconclusive. This study addresses this gap by considering the nonlinear influence of economic complexity on income inequality.MethodsPanel quantile regression with fixed effects is applied for a global sample of 121 countries from 1995 to 2018, showing robust findings.ResultsEconomic complexity appears to have an inverted‐U‐shaped effect on income inequality. That is, economic complexity likely increases income inequality up to a threshold, beyond which economic complexity helps to reduce income inequality. This inverted‐U‐shaped effect is found consistently in low‐income, lower‐middle‐income, and upper‐middle‐income countries, while the opposite effect is found in high‐income countries. Evidence of an inverted‐U‐shaped effect is also documented in most regions except the Middle East & North Africa and South Asia. Interestingly, the study finds that improvements in economic complexity appear to have U‐shaped effects on the income share of the bottom earners and inverted‐U‐shaped effects on the income share of the top earners.ConclusionThese effects explain the inverted‐U‐shaped effect of economic complexity on income inequality. The results are robust across different quantiles, proxies of income inequality, and various control variables
Cryoprecipitate for the treatment of life‐threatening hemorrhage in children
Authors: Horst Jennifer A. , Spinella Philip C. , Leonard Julie C. , Josephson Cassandra D. , Leeper Christine M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundHypofibrinogenemia is an important risk factor for poor outcomes in children with severe bleeding. There is a paucity of data on the impact of cryoprecipitate transfusion on outcomes in pediatric patients with life‐threatening hemorrhage (LTH).Study Design and MethodsThis secondary analysis of a multicenter prospective observational study of children with LTH investigated subjects who were categorized by receipt of cryoprecipitate during their resuscitation and according to the etiology of their bleeding: trauma, operative, and medical. Bivariate analysis was performed to identify variables associated with 6‐h, 24‐h, and 28‐day mortality. Cox Hazard regression models were generated to adjust for potential confounders.ResultsCryoprecipitate was transfused to 33.9% (152/449) of children during LTH. The median (Interquartile range) time to cryoprecipitate administration was 108 (47–212) minutes. Children in the cryoprecipitate group were younger, more often female, with higher BMI and pre‐LTH PRISM score and lower platelet counts. After adjusting for PRISM score, bleeding etiology, age, sex, RBC volume, platelet volume, antifibrinolytic use and cardiac arrest, cryoprecipitate administration was independently associated with lower 6‐h mortality, Hazard Ratio (95% CI), 0.41 (0.19–0.89), (p = 0.02) and 24‐h mortality, Hazard Ratio (95% CI), 0.46 (0.24–0.89), (p = 0.02).ConclusionCryoprecipitate transfusion to children with LTH was associated with reduced early mortality. A prospective randomized trial is needed to determine if cryoprecipitate can improve outcomes in children with LTH.