bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Bioinspired Tumor‐Targeting and Biomarker‐Activatable Cell‐Material Interfacing System Enhances Osteosarcoma Treatment via Biomineralization
Authors: Yang Xiao , Gao Simin , Yang Boguang , Yang Zhinan , Lou Feng , Huang Pei , Zhao Pengchao , Guo Jiaxin , Fang Huapan , Chu Bingyang , He Miaomiao , Wang Ning , Chan Anthony Hei Long , Chan Raymond Hon Fu , Wang Zuankai , Bian Liming , Zhang Kunyu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOsteosarcoma is an aggressive malignant tumor that primarily develops in children and adolescents. The conventional treatments for osteosarcoma often exert negative effects on normal cells, and chemotherapeutic drugs, such as platinum, can lead to multidrug resistance in tumor cells. Herein, this work reports a new bioinspired tumor‐targeting and enzyme‐activatable cell‐material interface system based on DDDEEK‐pY‐phenylboronic acid (SAP‐pY‐PBA) conjugates. Using this tandem‐activation system, this work selectively regulates the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) triggered anchoring and aggregation of SAP‐pY‐PBA conjugates on the cancer cell surface and the subsequent formation of the supramolecular hydrogel. This hydrogel layer can efficiently kill osteosarcoma cells by enriching calcium ions from tumor cells and forming a dense hydroxyapatite layer. Owing to the novel antitumor mechanism, this strategy neither hurts normal cells nor causes multidrug resistance in tumor cells, thereby showing an enhanced tumor treatment effect than the classical antitumor drug, doxorubicin (DOX). The outcome of this research demonstrates a new antitumor strategy based on a bioinspired enzyme‐responsive biointerface combining supramolecular hydrogels with biomineralization.
Pairing a user‐friendly machine‐learning animal sound detector with passive acoustic surveys for occupancy modeling of an endangered primate
Authors: Wood Connor M. , Barceinas Cruz Alicia , Kahl Stefan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPopulation declines and range contractions due to habitat loss are pervasive among nonhuman primates, with 60% of species threatened with extinction. However, the extensive vocal activity displayed by many primates makes them excellent candidates for passive acoustic surveys. Passive acoustic survey data is increasingly being used to support occupancy models, which have proven to be an efficient means of estimating both population trends and distributions. Passive acoustic surveys can be conducted relatively quickly and at broad scales, but efficient audio data processing has long proven elusive. The machine learning algorithm BirdNET was originally developed for birds but was recently expanded to include nonavian taxa. We demonstrate that BirdNET can accurately and efficiently identify an endangered primate, the Yucatán black howler monkey (Alouatta pigra), by sound in passive acoustic survey data (collected in southeastern Chiapas, Mexico), enabling us to use a single‐season occupancy model to inform further survey efforts. Importantly, we also generated data on up to 286 co‐occurring bird species, demonstrating the value of integrated animal sound classification tools for biodiversity surveys. BirdNET is freely available, requires no computer science expertise to use, and can readily be expanded to include more species (e.g., its species list recently tripled to >3000), suggesting that passive acoustic surveys, and thus occupancy modeling, for primate conservation could rapidly become much more accessible. Importantly, the long history of bioacoustics in primate research has yielded a wealth of information about their vocal behavior, which can facilitate appropriate survey design and data interpretation.
Tetrazole Diversification of Amino Acids and Peptides via Silver‐Catalyzed Intermolecular Cycloaddition with Aryldiazonium Salts
Authors: Liu Xuan‐Yu , Yang Yi‐Lin , Dang Yanfeng , Marek Ilan , Zhang Fa‐Guang , Ma Jun‐An 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSelective structural modification of amino acids and peptides is a central strategy in organic chemistry, chemical biology but also in pharmacology and material science. In this context, the formation of tetrazole rings, known to possess significant therapeutic properties, would expand the chemical space of unnatural amino acids but has received less attention. In this study, we demonstrated that the classic unimolecular Wolff rearrangement of α‐amino acid‐derived diazoketones could be replaced by a faster intermolecular cycloaddition reaction with aryldiazonium salts under identical practical conditions. This strategy provides an efficient synthetic platform that could transform proteinogenic α‐amino acids into a plethora of unprecedented tetrazole‐decorated amino acid derivatives with preservation of the stereocenters. Density functional theory studies shed some light on the reaction mechanism and provided information regarding the origins of the chemo‐ and regioselectivity. Furthermore, this diazo‐cycloaddition protocol was applied to construct tetrazole‐modified peptidomimetics and drug‐like amino acid derivatives.
Peroxide‐based crosslinking of solid silicone rubber, part II: The counter‐intuitive influence of dicumylperoxide concentration on crosslink effectiveness and related network structure
Authors: Azevedo M. , Monks A.‐M. , Kerschbaumer R. C. , Schlögl S. , Saalwächter K. , Walluch M. , Consolati G. , Holzer C. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractApplication of elastomers in general demands the conversion of their soluble networks into crosslinked structures. This abrupt change causes several modifications, both in the atomic/molecular level and at the macro‐scale. In this study, solid silicone rubber (high molecular weight poly(dimethylsiloxane)), was crosslinked with dicumylperoxide (DCP), a widely used crosslinking agent by the rubber industry. The changes caused by different DCP concentrations were investigated, aiming to bring attention to the molecular transformations, usually neglected when processing‐oriented studies are conducted. DCP concentration showed a limited contribution to the network's molecular dynamics, which was found to be mainly dominated by entanglements. The dominance of entanglements over other molecular constraints, like crosslink points, justifies the threshold and counter‐intuitive behavior of tensile and hardness properties. However, differences were found in the crystallization ability after crosslinking, when the more crosslink points were introduced, the lower the crystallinity was and the less stable the PDMS crystallites were. In addition to providing a deeper understanding of an industrially applied rubber system n terms of the effective concentration of DCP, and the reasoning behind such concentration, the findings of this study add to the state‐of‐the‐art comprehension of elastomeric networks, and how they behave on a molecular level.
Boosting the Stability of Highly Flexible Cathodes in Zinc‐Ion Batteries via the Pillaring Effect of Molybdenum in α‐MnO2
Authors: Ren Yujin , Zhang Siwen , Yin Bosi , Loh Jiong Rui , Ding Yaxi , Huang Xinjun , Li Jiazhuo , Li Hui , Ma Tianyi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFlexible zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) have been developed by leaps and bounds in recent years. As an important cathode material, the stability of manganese dioxide is crucial to the service life and mechanical endurance of the batteries. Herein, we report the feasibility of using a molybdenum‐doped α‐MnO2 (MMO) grown on carbon cloth (CC) as a flexible cathode. For CC@MMO electrodes, first, the pillaring effect of the Mo atoms can stabilize the tunnel structure and reduce the energy barrier of Zn2+ migration. The battery has 80 % capacity retention after 1392 cycles at 0.5 A g−1, which is leading the current study. Then, the electrodes exhibit a unique array structure on the microscopic level, in which independently grown nanowires help buffer external stresses and improve the flexibility and stability of the electrodes. The discharge capacity of the assembled flexible battery is maintained at an average of more than 98.3 % of the initial capacity at 2.5 mA cm−2 under different bending angles. And the microstructure of the electrodes is well maintained after 50 times of repeated bending. This work thus presents a flexible cathode with remarkable stability and survivability, which seeks to supplement the present development of advanced energy storage devices.
A method for rewarding collaborative efforts in preclinical assessments
Authors: Nolan Michael F. , McNamara John P. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractStudent success in basic medical science courses is typically determined by their individual performance on examinations of various types. Previous research both within and outside medical education has shown that the use of educational assessment activities can increase learning as demonstrated by performance on subsequent examinations, a phenomenon known as the testing effect. Activities primarily designed and used for assessment and evaluation purposes can also be used as teaching opportunities. We developed a method for measuring and evaluating student accomplishment in a preclinical basic science course that incorporates both individual and collaborative efforts, encourages and rewards active participation, does not compromise the reliability of the assessment outcome and is perceived by the students as helpful and valuable. The approach involved a two‐part assessment activity composed of an individual examination and a small group examination with each component differentially weighted in determining an overall examination score. We found that the method was successful in encouraging collaborative efforts during the group component and provided valid measures of student grasp of the subject matter. We describe the development and implementation of the method, provide data derived from its use in a preclinical basic science course and discuss factors to be addressed when utilizing this approach to ensure fairness and reliability of the outcome. We include brief summary comments from students regarding their impressions of the value of this method.
Differences in glucose metabolic activity in liver metastasis separates two groups of metastatic uveal melanoma patients with different prognosis
Authors: del Carpio Luis P. , Algarra María Asunción , Sabaté‐Llobera Aida , Rodriguez‐Vida Alejo , Rossi‐Seoane Susana , Ruiz Sandra , Leiva David , Ramos Emilio , Lladò Laura , Lorenzo Daniel , Gutierrez Cristina , Cortes‐Romera Montserrat , Caminal Josep M. , Piulats Josep M. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundUveal melanoma metastasizes to the liver. We aimed to explore the metabolic activity of liver metastases (LM) as a biomarker for survival.MethodsWe analyzed newly diagnosed patients with metastatic UM (MUM) with LM detected by liver‐directed imaging and had undergone a PET/CT at diagnosis.Findings51 patients were identified between 2004 and 2019. Median age was 62 years, 41% male and 22% ECOG ≥1. LDH, ALP, and GGT were elevated in 49%, 37%, and 57% of patients. Median LM SUVmax was 8.5 (3–42.2). Same size lesions presented a wide range of metabolic activity. Median OS was 17.3 m (95% CI:10.6–23.9). Patients with SUVmax ≥8.5 had an OS of 9.4 m (95% CI:6.4–12.3), whereas patients with SUVmax <8.5 had an OS of 38.4 m (95% CI:21.4–55.5; p < 0.0001, HR = 2.9). We observed similar results when studying M1a disease separately. Multivariate analysis showed SUVmax as an independent prognostic factor for the whole population and those with M1a disease.InterpretationIncreased metabolic activity of LM seems to be an independent predictor of survival. MUM is a heterogeneous disease and metabolic activity probably reflects a different intrinsic behavior.
Incidence, consequences, and predictors of serious chemotherapy‐induced thrombocytopenia in nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Lu‐Lu , Chen Xi , Huang Ying‐Ying , Liang Chi‐Xiong , Qiang Meng‐Yun , Cai Zhuo‐Chen , Zhan Ze‐Jiang , Deng Ying , Zhou Jia‐Yu , Huang Hao‐Yang , Guo Xiang , Lv Xing 
Published: May 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the incidence, consequences, and predictors of serious chemotherapy‐induced thrombocytopenia (CIT) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).Materials and MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of patients with NPC between 2013 and 2015. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model and propensity score matching were used to estimate the effect of serious CIT on overall survival. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were applied to identify the predictors of serious CIT.Results and ConclusionThe incidence of serious CIT was 5.21% in patients with NPC. Patients who experienced serious thrombocytopenia had a worse long‐term prognosis, while the difference in short‐term survival rate was slight. Chemotherapy regimens of gemcitabine and platinum, 5‐fluorouracil and platinum, taxane and platinum, serum potassium ion concentration, serum lactate dehydrogenase levels, platelet count, red blood cell count, and estimated glomerular filtration rate were predictors of serious CIT.
Impact of the pretreatment prognostic nutritional index on the survival after first‐line immunotherapy in non‐small‐cell lung cancer patients
Authors: Oku Yuka , Toyokawa Gouji , Wakasu Sho , Kinoshita Fumihiko , Takamori Shinkichi , Watanabe Kenji , Haratake Naoki , Nagano Taichi , Kosai Keisuke , Takada Kazuki , Fujimoto Airi , Higashijima Kodo , Shiraishi Yoshimasa , Tanaka Kentaro , Takeoka Hiroaki , Okamoto Masaki , Yamashita Takanori , Shimokawa Mototsugu , Shoji Fumihiro , Yamazaki Koji , Okamoto Tatsuro , Seto Takashi , Ueda Hitoshi , Takeo Sadanori , Nakashima Naoki , Okamoto Isamu , Takenaka Tomoyoshi , Yoshizumi Tomoharu 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundImmunotherapy has become a standard‐of‐care for patients with non‐small‐cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Although several biomarkers, such as programmed cell death‐1, have been shown to be useful in selecting patients likely to benefit from immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), more useful and reliable ones should be investigated. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is a marker of the immune and nutritional status of the host, and is derived from serum albumin level and peripheral lymphocyte count. Although several groups reported its prognostic role in patients with NSCLC receiving a single ICI, there exist no reports which have demonstrated its role in the first‐line ICI combined with or without chemotherapy.Materials and MethodsTwo‐hundred and eighteen patients with NSCLC were included in the current study and received pembrolizumab alone or chemoimmunotherapy as the first‐line therapy. Cutoff value of the pretreatment PNI was set as 42.17.ResultsAmong 218 patients, 123 (56.4%) had a high PNI (≥42.17), while 95 (43.6%) had a low PNI (<42.17). A significant association was observed between the PNI and both the progression‐free survival (PFS; hazard ratio [HR] =  0.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.51–0.88, p =  0.0021) and overall survival (OS; HR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.32–0.67, p < 0.0001) in the entire population, respectively. The multivariate analysis identified the pretreatment PNI as an independent prognosticator for the PFS (p =  0.0011) and OS (p  < 0.0001), and in patients receiving either pembrolizumab alone or chemoimmunotherapy, the pretreatment PNI remained an independent prognostic factor for the OS (p = 0.0270 and 0.0006, respectively).ConclusionThe PNI might help clinicians appropriately identifying patients with better treatment outcomes when receiving first‐line ICI therapy.
Nomograms for intraoperative prediction of lymph node metastasis in clinical stage IA lung adenocarcinoma
Authors: Li Feng , Zhai Suokai , Fu Li , Yang Lin , Mao Yousheng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAccurate prediction of lymph node metastasis (LNM) is critical for selecting optimal surgical procedures in early‐stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). This study aimed to develop nomograms for intraoperative prediction of LNM in clinical stage IA LUAD.MethodsA total of 1227 patients with clinical stage IA LUADs on computed tomography (CT) were enrolled to construct and validate nomograms for predicting LNM (LNM nomogram) and mediastinal LNM (LNM‐N2 nomogram). Recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were compared between limited mediastinal lymphadenectomy (LML) and systematic mediastinal lymphadenectomy (SML) in the high‐ and low‐risk groups for LNM‐N2, respectively.ResultsThree variables were incorporated into the LNM nomogram and the LNM‐N2 nomogram, including preoperative serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, CT appearance, and tumor size. The LNM nomogram showed good discriminatory performance, with C‐indexes of 0.879 (95% CI, 0.847–0.911) and 0.880 (95% CI, 0.834–0.926) in the development and validation cohorts, respectively. The C‐indexes of the LNM‐N2 nomogram were 0.812 (95% CI, 0.766–0.858) and 0.822 (95% CI, 0.762–0.882) in the development and validation cohorts, respectively. LML and SML had similar survival outcomes among patients with low risk of LNM‐N2 (5‐year RFS, 88.1% vs. 89.5%, Pp = 0.790; 5‐year OS, 96.0% vs. 93.0%, p = 0.370). However, for patients with high risk of LNM‐N2, LML was associated with worse survival (5‐year RFS, 64.0% vs. 77.4%, p = 0.036; 5‐year OS, 66.0% vs. 85.9%, p = 0.038).ConclusionsWe developed and validated nomograms to predict LNM and LNM‐N2 intraoperatively in patients with clinical stage IA LUAD on CT. These nomograms may help surgeons to select optimal surgical procedures.
Bidirectional temporal feature for 3D human pose and shape estimation from a video
Authors: Sun Libo , Tang Ting , Qu Yuke , Qin Wenhu 
Published: May 2023

Abstract3D human pose and shape estimation is the foundation of analyzing human motion. However, estimating accurate and temporally consistent 3D human motion from a video remains a challenge. By now, most of the video‐based methods for estimating 3D human pose and shape rely on unidirectional temporal features and lack more comprehensive information. To solve this problem, we propose a novel model “bidirectional temporal feature for human motion recovery” (BTMR), which consists of a human motion generator and a discriminator. The transformer‐based generator effectively captures the forward and reverse temporal features to enhance the temporal correlation between frames and reduces the loss of spatial information. The motion discriminator based on Bi‐LSTM can distinguish whether the generated pose sequences are consistent with the realistic sequences of the AMASS dataset. In the process of continuous generation and discrimination, the model can learn more realistic and accurate poses. We evaluate our BTMR on 3DPW and MPI‐INF‐3DHP datasets. Without the training set of 3DPW, BTMR outperforms VIBE by 2.4 mm and 14.9 mm/s2 in PA‐MPJPE and Accel metrics and outperforms TCMR by 1.7 mm in PA‐MPJPE metric on 3DPW. The results demonstrate that our BTMR produces better accurate and temporal consistent 3D human motion.
Modulating Secondary Structure Motifs Through Photo‐Labile Peptide Staples
Authors: Lāce Ilze , Bazzi Sophia , Uranga Jon , Schirmacher Anastasiya , Diederichsen Ulf , Mata Ricardo A. , Simeth Nadja A. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPeptide‐protein interactions (PPIs) are facilitated by the well‐defined three‐dimensional structure of bioactive peptides, interesting compounds for the development of new therapeutic agents. Their secondary structure and thus their propensity to engage in PPIs can be influenced by the introduction of peptide staples on the side chains. In particular, light‐controlled staples based on azobenzene photoswitches and their structural influence on helical peptides have been studied extensively. In contrast, photolabile staples bearing photocages as a structural key motif, have mainly been used to block supramolecular interactions. Their influence on the secondary structure of the target peptide is under‐investigated. Thus, in this study we use a combination of spectroscopic techniques and in silico simulations to systematically study a series of helical peptides with varying length of the photo‐labile staple to obtain a detailed insight into the structure‐property relationship in such photoresponsive biomolecules.
Supporting crop plant resilience during climate change
Authors: Yuan Yuxuan , Ton Bao Linh , Thomas William J. W. , Batley Jacqueline , Edwards David 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe changing climate poses significant threats to agriculture and the ability to ensure sufficient global food production. With the expanding population, there is an urgent demand to increase crop productivity to meet the rising food demand. Producing climate‐smart crop varieties together with developing new agronomic management strategies are strategies that may help address this issue. Recent advances in genomics‐assistant breeding, the use of high‐throughput DNA sequencing, high‐resolution phenotyping, and advanced genome engineering can support the development of advanced, climate resilient crops. Here, we assess the potential to enhance the resilience of crops under the changing climate. Through the use of big data, advanced breeding strategies, and advanced agriculture practices, crop varieties could be produced with enhanced resilience and increased productivity and nutrition, supporting future global food security.
Impact of dapagliflozin on cardiac remodelling in patients with chronic heart failure: The DAPA‐MODA study
Authors: Pascual‐Figal Domingo A. , Zamorano J. Luis , Domingo Mar , Morillas Herminio , Nuñez Julio , Cobo Marcos Marta , Riquelme‐Pérez Alejandro , Teis Albert , Santas Enrique , Caro‐Martinez Cesar , Pinilla Jose Manuel , Rodriguez‐Palomares Jose F. , Dobarro David , Restrepo‐Córdoba M. Alejandra , González‐Juanatey J. Ramón , Bayés Genís Antoni ,   DAPA‐MODA Study Investigators
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACTAimsDapagliflozin improves the prognosis of patients with heart failure (HF), regardless of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). However, its effect on cardiac remodelling parameters, specifically left atrial (LA) remodelling, is not well established.Methods and resultsThe DAPA‐MODA trial (NCT04707352) is a multicentre, single‐arm, open‐label, prospective and interventional study that aimed to evaluate the effect of dapagliflozin on cardiac remodelling parameters over 6 months. Patients with stable chronic HF receiving optimized guideline‐directed therapy, except for any sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, were included. Echocardiography was performed at baseline, 30 and 180 days, and analysed by a central core‐lab in a blinded manner to both patient and time. The primary endpoint was the change in maximal LA volume index (LAVI). A total of 162 patients (64.2% men, 70.5 ± 10.6 years, 52% LVEF >40%) were included in the study. At baseline, LA dilatation was observed (LAVI 48.1 ± 22.6 ml/m2) and LA parameters were similar between LVEF‐based phenotypes (≤40% vs. >40%). LAVI showed a significant reduction at 180 days (−6.6% [95% confidence interval −11.1, −1.8], p = 0.008), primarily due to a decrease in reservoir volume (−13.8% [95% confidence interval −22.5, −4], p = 0.007). Left ventricular geometry improved with significant reductions in left ventricular mass index (−13.9% [95% confidence interval −18.7, −8.7], p < 0.001), end‐diastolic volume (−8.0% [95% confidence interval −11.6, −4.2], p < 0.001) and end‐systolic volume (−11.9% [95% confidence interval −16.7, −6.8], p < 0.001) at 180 days. N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) showed a significant reduction at 180 days (−18.2% [95% confidence interval −27.1, −8.2], p < 0.001), without changes in filling Doppler measures.ConclusionDapagliflozin administration in stable out‐setting patients with chronic HF and optimized therapy results in global reverse remodelling of cardiac structure, including reductions in LA volumes and improvement in left ventricular geometry and NT‐proBNP concentrations.