bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Mental pain and suicide risk: implications for neuroimaging
Authors: Pompili M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCampaigns have been launched to make sense of what makes a specific individual suicidal. We know that suicidal individuals give definite warning signs, mainly from their ambivalence about ending their own lives. Classical suicidology posited that the suicidal individual experiences unbearable psychological pain (psychache) or suffering and that suicide might be, at least in part, an attempt to escape from this suffering, emphasizing that suicide is not a movement toward death but rather an escape from unbearable emotion and unendurable or unacceptable anguish. Suicide occurs when that individual deems the psychache to be unbearable. Neuroimaging studies demonstrated that such emotional pain shares the same neuroanatomical circuit of somatic pain. Furthermore, concepts related to death, failure, or other unfortunate circumstances activate specific cerebral areas in a suicidal individual compared to a non-suicidal subject. The author conducted a sizeable clinical investigation on mental pain related to psychiatric disorders and suicide risk. Implications for further research are discussed during the presentation.Disclosure of InterestM. Pompili Consultant of: Janssen, Lundbeck, Recordati, MSD, Speakers bureau of: Janssen, Lundbeck, Angelini Pharma, Pfizer
Prevalence of HIV infection in patients of a substance use treatment facility
Authors: Baranskaya L. T. , Babushkina E. , Potapov V. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionAccording to domestic and foreign studies, in the last decade there has been an increase in the number of HIV-infected patients suffering from alcoholic disease. Under the influence of alcohol, the risk of infection and transmission of HIV infection increases, the course of the disease worsens. There is a syndemia between alcohol abuse and HIV infection. This requires new approaches to the tactics of managing patients of a narcological hospital with HIV infection.ObjectivesTo identify the prevalence of HIV infection in patients of the substance use treatment facility suffering from alcohol disease of the second stage.MethodsThe authors analyzed 446 medical histories of patients suffering from alcoholic disease who underwent inpatient treatment in 2009-2021. For data processing, a statistical method for calculating relative indicators used.ResultsThe study showed that a significant proportion of patients with HIV infection were patients of working age 40-59 years. At the same time, since 2009, there has been an increase in HIV-infected patients from the total number of hospital patients. So, if in 2009 they were 1.2%, then in 2021 they were already 7.2%. Most HIV-infected patients of the narcological hospital are single or divorced. The study notes that abuse is common among patients with HIV infection as a means of combating depression. According to 2019 data, 39.0% of hospital patients suffer from depression. The authors show that alcohol affects the increase in risky forms of sexual relations, or risky situations with unprotected sex. In addition, with alcohol abuse, the viral load increases, and therefore the likelihood of transmitting HIV infection to a partner with unprotected sex increases.ConclusionsAlcohol abuse is a causative factor in HIV infection. Early detection of people with harmful alcohol consumption and referral to a psychiatrist will increase adherence to antiretroviral therapy, as well as reduce the rate of HIV infectionDisclosure of InterestNone Declared
Temporal trends of drug requests in the Addiction Liaison Psychiatric Unit. 12 years in Hospital del Mar (Barcelona)
Authors: García Jimenez M. , Fuentes Valenzuela J. J. , Fonseca Casals F. F. C. , Torrens Melich M. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionSubstance Use Disorders are frequently associated to other medical problems. The temporal evolution of the main drug requests is related to drug and drug users’ facts. COVID-19 pandemic is worthy of investigation.ObjectivesTo analyze temporal trends in the characteristics of all medical requests to the Addiction Liaison Psychiatric Unit from January 2010 to December 2022.MethodsStudy data will be obtained from all patients that were referred to the Addiction Liaision Psychiatric Unit during 12 years in Hospital del Mar (Barcelona). Demographics and clinical data (substance use, medical diagnosis, dual diagnosis) will be obtained and analyzed by semesters.ResultsThe results will be presented as soon as all data is obtained. We will explore COVID-19 pandemic implications.Conclusions.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Incorporating Culture into The Treatment of Substance Use Disorder: A Narrative Review
Authors: Nombora O. , Certo A. , Silva B. F. , Venâncio Â. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionCulture is defined by the shared beliefs, attitudes, values, and practices of a particular group of people which can influence their behaviour and social interactions, including the use of substances.ObjectivesThe aim of this review is to identify the evidence of cultural competence in the treatment of people with substance use disorder (SUD) and encourage the professionals and organizations to take cultural context into account.MethodsNarrative review about the topic, using PubMed/Medline database. MeSH terms: “culture”, “cultural competence”, “addictions”, “substance use disorder”.ResultsStudies show that culture can either be a catalyst for SUD or play a protective role. However, other factors may also play a large role in client’s response substance use and the development of SUD. Acculturation and generational differences can also impact SUD treatment, especially when intergenerational conflict causes stress that leads individuals to engage in risky behaviours. Thus, treatment for SUD has to be sensitive to cultural differences and professionals should provide culturally based approaches. Culturally targeted practices have been linked to greater outcomes, better therapeutic alliance, less dropouts and consequent increased retention in the treatment. These practices include matching clinicians and clients on linguistic and cultural backgrounds as well as being mindful of the impact of culture on client’s experience of SUD. Providing therapy and materials in the client’s language, knowledge, understanding and appreciation for cultural perspectives, involving the family and community and training therapists, are some of culturally competent practices used. These strategies involve knowledge, creativity, and experience.ConclusionsCultural competence seems to be a valuable tool for healthcare professionals working in a multicultural context, particularly with people with SUD. Unfortunately, the lack of supporting evidence limits the validity of any particular model of cultural competence. Future methodologically research is necessary in order to provide quality cultural competence models for people with SUD.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The prefrontal cortex: a region of interest in suicidal behaviour
Authors: Olie E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSome evidence converges to consider that suicidal behaviour could be a separate diagnosis and emphasizes the relevance to identify specific biomarkers. Identifying the neural substrates of suicide attempt is key to understanding the etiology of suicide and might be helpful in reducing suicide rates among psychiatric patients by promoting the development of novel therapeutic strategies based on behavioral neuroscience and brain stimulation. Neuroimaging studies have reported structural and functional brain abnormalities located in the prefrontal cortex, insula and striatal regions as well as in the connections between these brain areas. Based on task related and resting state functional MRI studies, we will discuss original data showing the role of the ventral prefrontal cortex in suicide vulnerability.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Diagnostic difficulties in bipolar disorder type II
Authors: Núñez L. , del Val C. A. , Merlos A. F. , Vivero E. X. G. , Carrascosa C. C. , Naval M. H. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionBipolar disorder is one of the top 10 medical causes of disability according to the WHO and despite this, its diagnosis can be delayed up to 10 years after the appearance of the first symptoms of the disease. A major reason for the difficult diagnosis is the challenge of differentiating bipolar disorder type II from unipolar depression and borderline personality disorder, especially in those patients with no clear history of hypomania.ObjectivesTo present a case report of a bipolar disorder undiagnosed for years to remark the importance of recognizing premorbid symptoms of the disease in order to implement an early intervention that potentially improves the prognosis of patients.MethodsWe compiled the patient’s complete medical history and we carried out a non-systematic review of literature containing the key-words “bipolar disorder type II” and “diagnosis”.ResultsWe present the case of a 48-year-old woman going through a depressive episode, multiple suicide attempts and more than 10 admissions in the Acute Inpatient Psychiatric Unit. For 3 years, the evolution was torpid with a significant multidomain cognitive impairment in a previously functional patient. Different antidepressant treatments were tested, however they were not tolerated due to adverse effects such as anxiety, insomnia and nervousness. After considering multiple differential diagnoses, bipolar disorder type II was finally diagnosed. A hypomanic episode that took place after 3 sessions of electroconvulsive therapy during an admission for depression, allowed to guide the diagnosis and after the introduction of Lithium and Quetiapine as treatment, the patient experienced a complete remission of the symptoms.Conclusions1.It is important to consider the differential diagnosis of bipolar disorder type II due to its impact on the patient´s life.2.An early diagnosis improves the course and prognosis of the disease.3.Patients resistant or intolerant to antidepressant treatment could have undiagnosed bipolar disorder.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Effect of psychotherapy on peripheral BDNF concentration levels in patients with bipolar disorder. A systematic review
Authors: Valtueña García M. , Rubio Rodríguez L. , Sánchez-Pastor L. , Martínez-Gras I. , Rodríguez-Jiménez R. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Psychotherapy is a treatment of proven efficacy in bipolar disorder (BD), but little is known about the molecular and cellular mechanisms that it produces in the brain. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is thought to be important in neuroplasticity and could be increased by psychopharmaceuticals and psychotherapy in BD patients, but evidence in the literature is limited.ObjectivesTo analyze the scientific studies that relate psychotherapies with the increase in BNDF levels in patients with BD.MethodsSystematic review with PRISMA recommendations in PUBMED and Web of Science in July 2022. The search was performed using the combination of keywords “bipolar disorder” AND (“BDNF” OR “Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor”) AND “psychotherapy”.ResultsWith the initial search, 839 studies were obtained, finally 8 articles were analyzed. The available literature supports the role of psychotherapy in increasing BNDF in patients with BD.ConclusionsBDNF could be a biomarker of therapeutic efficacy in BD. Psychotherapy increases BDNF levels. No differences were found between the different types of psychotherapies. More studies are needed to determine the mechanisms by which psychotherapies produce molecular changes in the brain.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The analysis of organic diseases in elderly patients diagnosed with bipolar disorders- A retrospective study
Authors: Vasiliu O. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionBoth organic and psychiatric comorbidities are frequently detected in bipolar disorders (BD) and this phenomenon has a significant impact on case management in these patients. The most reported general medical conditions in patients with BD are migraine, thyroid illness, obesity, diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease. The screening for comorbidities detection in BD patients is important from multiple perspectives, including the need to construct an adequate therapeutic plan, the need to increase treatment adherence, and to improve these patients’ quality of life.ObjectivesTo assess the prevalence of comorbid organic diseases in a clinical sample of BD patients.MethodsA chart- and register-based analysis of BD patients (i.e., type I and II BD) evaluated in our department during a period of three years (January 2019- January 2022) was conducted in order to detect the prevalence rate of organic diseases. All patients aged over 65 years were evaluated either for acute mood episodes or presented to their treating psychiatrists for follow-up visits.ResultsA number of 87 patients were included in this analysis, 45 male and 42 female, with a mean age of 70.5 years. The most frequently detected organic comorbidities were metabolic disorders (obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus- 36.8%), cardiovascular (arterial hypertension, arrhythmias, myocardial ischemia, deep/superficial venous thrombosis- 26.4%), digestive system-related (hepatic, gastric, intestinal diseases- 21.8%), neurologic (i.e., stroke, migraine, Parkinson’s disease) (18.3%), endocrine (mainly thyroid diseases) (17.2%), and other (19.5%). A relatively high rate of organic diseases (38%) were newly diagnosed (in the last 3 months), suggesting there is a certain need to screen for organic pathology in this population, but most of the BD patients presented a long history of investigated and treated comorbid conditions.ConclusionsOrganic diseases are very common in elderly BD patients. Even where no history of somatic conditions exists, comprehensive investigations are granted in order to detect such health problems with important prognostic impact.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Cut From the Same Cloth: Bipolar disorder and Frontotemporal Dementia – Apropos a Clinical Case
Authors: Jesus S. , Costa A. R. , Almeida M. , Garrido P. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionMood disorders have been reported in the literature as a risk factor for developing cognitive deficits. Bipolar disorder (BD) and Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) share many common features, often presenting as a differential diagnostic challenge to the clinician. The clinical features of mania, such as euphoria, hyper-sexuality and difficulties in impulse control can mimic the impaired judgment and loss of inhibition seen in FTD. Depressive features such as anhedonia and social isolation can mimic apathy associated with FTD. Of the various subtypes, the behavioural-variant of FTD (bvFTD) is most similar to a manic episode.ObjectivesThe authors aim to explore the relationship between BD and FTD, and the implications in differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis with recourse to a clinical case example.MethodsA non-systematized review of pertinent literature on the topic with focus on that which is most relevant to the theme was included. The authors present a clinical case of 55 year-old female with history of BD who was hospitalized in the context of a depressive episode with suicidal ideation and disorganized behaviour.ResultsIt is not uncommon for patients with bvFTD to be initially diagnosed with BD, whereas on the other hand, patients presenting in late with an inaugural manic episode are considered to have dementia. The literature also reports that patients with BD appear to be at increased risk of a later FTD diagnosis, further contributing the diagnostic difficulties. Core symptoms that present in mood disorders, also make-up the clinical picture of FTD, and vice versa. Correct diagnosis is imperative as early-intervention may have significant impact on prognosis of the clinical pictures. The patient underwent complementary diagnostic imaging testing with magnetic resonance imaging, which documented atrophy in the fronto-temporal regions which were not detected on previous exams, thus strongly suggesting a FTD diagnosis in a patient with history of BD.ConclusionsThe literature establishes, especially through various case reports, an apparent clinical overlap between FTD and mood disorders. A multifaceted connection between BD and FTD appears to exist, with clinical and genetic similarities having been described, although further studies are merited demonstrating this relationship. The clinical case highlights the challenges in FTD diagnosis in a patient with prior history of a mood disorder, especially BD, as well as demonstrating the difficult task in establishing a differential diagnosis between the two conditions when the mood disorder presents late in life. The clinician is alerted to the mimicry between the two conditions, taking into account the possibility of a FTD diagnosis in patients with history of BD presenting with unexpected cognitive and behavioural decline.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Predictors of psychosocial functioning in euthymic patients with bipolar disorder
Authors: Ajmi S. , Sana O. , Najeh S. , Rim F. , Imen G. , Nada C. , Jihen B. T. , Lobna Z. , Mohamed M. , Manel M. B. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionFunctional impairment is a major target in the treatment of bipolar disorder (BD), but the magnitude and type of functional difficulties differ across patients.ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to assess functioning and identify factors associated with global functioning in euthymic patients.MethodsIt was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The population study consisted of patients diagnosed with BD (DSM 5), who were euthymic and followed up at the psychiatry department of CHU Hedi Chaker.The Hamilton Depression Scale (HAM-D), the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST) were used to assess depressive, manic symptoms and the functional impairment in bipolar patients respectively. All statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS software package v 18.ResultsWe collected 40 patients. They had an average age of 36 years and the sex ratio (M/F) was 1.They had an educational level not exceeding primary studies in 46% of cases.The average scores of HAM-D and YMRS were 4.57±4.58 and 3.43±2.89 respectively.The average total functioning score of our patients was 19.13±16.5. Functional impairment was noted in 60% of them. The domains most affected were: occupational activity (62%), cognitive functioning (63%) and autonomy (50%). Fonctional impairement was associated with residual depressive and manic symptoms (p=0.013) and manic/hypomanic or depressive episodes with mixed features (p=0,005).ConclusionsGreater efforts should be directed toward targeting functioning in patient care, as it constitutes the most meaningful endpoint of response to treatment, especially with occupational and cognitive rehabilitation, thus allowing patients to overcome the course of illness and carry fulfilling lives.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
The effect of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain on behavioural outcomes in term normal birth weight children: UK birth cohort study
Authors: Dachew B. A. , Adane A. A. , Alati R. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionExisting evidence in the association between maternal pregnancy and pre-pregnancy weight and behavioural outcomes in children.ObjectivesThis study aimed to examine these associations at six developmental time-points between ages 3 and 16.MethodsWe used data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC), an ongoing population-based longitudinal pregnancy cohort study in Bristol, United Kingdom (UK). Data on behavioural outcomes were measured at ages 3.5, 7, 9, 11 and 16 years using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). Over 7960 (at 3.5 years of age) and 4400 (at 16 years of age) mother-child pairs were included in the final analysis. Logistic regression analyses were used to examine the associations.ResultsPre-pregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain were associated with total behavioural difficulties in children across all age groups. In separate analyses using each SDQ subscale, however, we found that pre-pregnancy underweight was associated with emotional problems at ages 7 (OR = 1.66, 95% CI; 1.20 – 2.29), 11 (OR = 1.49, 95% CI; 1.02 – 2.18) and 16 (OR = 1.74, 95% CI; 1.16 – 2.60) years and hyperactivity/inattention problems at age 16 (OR = 1.96, 95% CI; 1.27 – 3.05). We also found an association between guideline-discordant gestational weight gain and peer relationship problems at age 9 and pro-social behaviour at ages 9 and 11.ConclusionsOur findings highlight that pre-pregnancy underweight than overweight, obesity or gestational weight gain may influence the emotional health of children and adolescents.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
Therapeutic update in the treatment of disruptive disorder with emotional dysregulation in children and adolescents : review of the literature
Authors: Belhadga H. , Elmaataoui Z. , Kisra H. 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionDisruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD) is a new disorder that has been added to the category of mood disorders in the fifth Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders to distinguish chronic non-periodic irritability from the periodic irritability of bipolar disorder. The main characteristic of DMDD is chronic and severe irritability. Because it is a new diagnostic entity, little research has been done on it and the literature on the subject is still expanding.ObjectivesThe purpose of this review article is to gather information on new therapies for the treatment of this disorder in children and adolescents.MethodsThe studies related to the treatment of DMDD were collected and analyzed. This study retrieved related articles from PubMed, SpringerLink, ScienceDirect, NCBI, The American Journal of Psychiatry, and EBSCO. Use keywords “disruptive” AND “mood” AND “dysregulation” AND “disorder” OR “Treatment” AND “DMDD” OR “Drug” AND “mood” AND “disorder” OR “Treatment” AND “SMD” OR “Treatment” AND “BP” OR “Treatment” AND “ADHD” OR “Antidepressant” OR “Mental”AND “Stabilizer” OR “temper” AND “outburst” OR “aggressive” AND "antipsychotics.ResultsTo date, no medication has been approved by the FDA to treat EDD. Because there are no treatment standards, drug therapy focuses on the primary symptoms of EDD, such as severe chronic irritability, temper tantrums, and comorbidities, such as ADHD. Currently, medications used by clinicians to treat patients with EDD include antidepressants (fluoxetine, sertraline, citalopram), stimulants (methylphenidate), anxiolytics mood stabilizers (sodium valproate) and antipsychotics (haloperidol, risperidone, aripiprazole in combination with methylphenidate in ADHD-EDD comorbidity), atomoxetine, guanfacine, and amantadine.To date, no medication has been approved by the FDA to treat EDD. Because there are no treatment standards, drug therapy focuses on the primary symptoms of EDD, such as severe chronic irritability, temper tantrums, and comorbidities, such as ADHD. Currently, medications used by clinicians to treat patients with EDD include antidepressants (fluoxetine, sertraline, citalopram), stimulants (methylphenidate), anxiolytics mood stabilizers (sodium valproate) and antipsychotics (haloperidol, risperidone, aripiprazole in combination with methylphenidate in ADHD-EDD comorbidity), atomoxetine, guanfacine, and amantadine.ConclusionsAs a new diagnosis, treatment guidelines for DMDD are still unclear. Preliminary results from this study suggest that clinicians tend to prescribe a variety of psychotropic medications. This heterogeneity in treatment choices may reflect the fact that these patients are on a bridge between disruptive behavior disorders (including ADHD) and mood disorders. The relative merits or demerits of these treatment choices should be evaluated in further studies.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared