bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A machine learning framework for process optimization in aerosol jet 3D printing
Authors: Liu Yujia , Yin Shuai , Liu Zhixin , Zhang Haining 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
As a burgeoning three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, aerosol jet printing (AJP) technique has the characteristics of direct writing and customizing microelectronic components with flexible substrates. Therefore, it has been widely applied to manufacture different electronic devices. Although AJP has unique advantages over traditional methods, the electrical performance of printed electronic devices is significantly reduced because of the inferior printing qualities, such as high overspray, low level of line thickness and high level of edge roughness. Therefore, producing lines with high-controllability and high-aspect ratio is urgent for AJP technology. In this research, a machine learning scheme is developed for process optimization in AJP. In the proposed scheme, a support vector machine is combined with Latin hyper sampling to determine an optimal operating window of AJP, producing conductive lines with better edge definition and reduced overspray. Then, based on the identified 3D operating window, the conflicting relationship between the deposited line width and thickness was revealed based on the developed Gaussian process regression models. Following that, via a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm, the conflicting printed line morphology was further optimized under dual conflicting targets for maximizing line thickness and customizing line width, which helps to produce high-controllability and high-aspect ratio lines for AJP. The optimization results demonstrated the validity of the proposed approach, which is beneficial to the systemic optimization of the entire printing process.
Rapid solidified ductile Cu-Al-Mn ribbon and its elastocaloric potential
Authors: Ouyang Gaoyuan , Pan Chaochao , Hilliard Benjamin , Czernuszewicz Agata , Slaughter Julie , Cui Jun 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Cu-Al-Mn alloys display martensitic transformation over a wide range of temperatures. In addition to low cost, this alloy is known for its low transformation stress with reasonable latent heat favoring elastocaloric applications. However, the ductility of Cu-Al-Mn can be limited owing to ordering and intergranular fracture. Through rapid solidification by melt spinning, we show that Cu-Al-Mn ribbon can be made highly ductile (greater than 8% tensile strain in the as-spun state and 10% tensile strain after heat treatment). The ductility of the melt-spun ribbon is related to the suppression of L21 ordering that is characterized through magnetic property measurement. Heat treatment of the ribbon promotes bamboo grain formation, and the latent heat is increased to 6.4 J g−1. Under tensile conditions, we show that the ribbon exhibited about 4 °C temperature change (4.4 °C on heating and 4.2 °C on cooling from 6.3% strain).
scGMM-VGAE: a Gaussian mixture model-based variational graph autoencoder algorithm for clustering single-cell RNA-seq data
Authors: Lin Eric , Liu Boyuan , Lac Leann , Fung Daryl L X , Leung Carson K , Hu Pingzhao 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Cell type identification using single-cell RNA sequencing data is critical for understanding disease mechanisms and drug discovery. Cell clustering analysis has been widely studied in health research for rare tumor cell detection. In this study, we propose a Gaussian mixture model-based variational graph autoencoder on scRNA-seq data (scGMM-VGAE) that integrates a statistical clustering model to a deep learning algorithm to significantly improve the cell clustering performance. This model feeds a cell-cell graph adjacency matrix and a gene feature matrix into a graph variational autoencoder (VGAE) to generate latent data. These data are then used for cell clustering by the Gaussian mixture model (GMM) module. To optimize the algorithm, a designed loss function is derived by combining parameter estimates from the GMM and VGAE. We test the proposed method on four publicly available and three simulated datasets which contain many biological and technical zeros. The scGMM-VGAE outperforms four selected baseline methods on three evaluation metrics in cell clustering. By successfully incorporating GMM into deep learning VGAE on scRNA-seq data, the proposed method shows higher accuracy in cell clustering on scRNA-seq data. This improvement has a significant impact on detecting rare cell types in health research. All source codes used in this study can be found at https://github.com/ericlin1230/scGMM-VGAE.
Deep learning-based multi-functional therapeutic peptides prediction with a multi-label focal dice loss function
Authors: Fan Henghui , Yan Wenhui , Wang Lihua , Liu Jie , Bin Yannan , Xia Junfeng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Motivation
With the great number of peptide sequences produced in the postgenomic era, it is highly desirable to identify the various functions of therapeutic peptides quickly. Furthermore, it is a great challenge to predict accurate multi-functional therapeutic peptides (MFTP) via sequence-based computational tools.

Results
Here, we propose a novel multi-label-based method, named ETFC, to predict 21 categories of therapeutic peptides. The method utilizes a deep learning-based model architecture, which consists of four blocks: embedding, text convolutional neural network, feed-forward network, and classification blocks. This method also adopts an imbalanced learning strategy with a novel multi-label focal dice loss function. multi-label focal dice loss is applied in the ETFC method to solve the inherent imbalance problem in the multi-label dataset and achieve competitive performance. The experimental results state that the ETFC method is significantly better than the existing methods for MFTP prediction. With the established framework, we use the teacher–student-based knowledge distillation to obtain the attention weight from the self-attention mechanism in the MFTP prediction and quantify their contributions toward each of the investigated activities.

Availability and implementation
The source code and dataset are available via: https://github.com/xialab-ahu/ETFC.
Is a Free Trade Agreement More than Merely a Trade Policy? People's Preferences for Free Trade Agreements and the Security Factor
Authors: Fujita Taisuke 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWhat determines people's preferences regarding trade policy? Existing studies have assumed that people consider trade policy merely trade politics; accordingly, these studies have focused on economic factors, such as benefits to individual or national welfare; ideational factors, such as xenophobia; or domestic political factors. This paper reveals that the international political factor of national security influences ordinary people's preferences for trade policy. While several studies have addressed the effect of the national security factor, they did not persuasively reveal the causal mechanism of the relationship between the national security factor and people's trade preferences. The present study conducted a factorial survey experiment to investigate the causal effect and the causal mechanism of the security factor on people's preferences regarding free trade agreements (FTAs). The results of the experiment conducted in Japan reveal that ordinary people consider the national security factor along the so-called realism path in forming their opinions regarding FTAs.
T Residues Preceded by Runs of G Are Hotspots of T→G Mutation in Bacteria
Authors: Cherry Joshua L 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The rate of mutation varies among positions in a genome. Local sequence context can affect the rate and has different effects on different types of mutation. Here, I report an effect of local context that operates to some extent in all bacteria examined: the rate of T→G mutation is greatly increased by preceding runs of three or more G residues. The strength of the effect increases with the length of the run. In Salmonella, in which the effect is strongest, a G run of length three 3 increases the rate by a factor of ∼26, a run of length 4 increases it by almost a factor of 100, and runs of length 5 or more increase it by a factor of more than 400 on average. The effect is much stronger when the T is on the leading rather than the lagging strand of DNA replication. Several observations eliminate the possibility that this effect is an artifact of sequencing error.
The philosophical aspect of world order
Authors: Ehrhardt Andrew 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The term ‘world order’ is perhaps the most enticing, consequential and vague concept in the diplomatic lexicon. There are countless scholars, analysts and policy-makers wrestling over its theoretical and practical dimensions. But often taken for granted in these examinations is the philosophical aspect—in other words, those fundamental reflections on the very purpose and nature of order across regional and international systems. Using a historical precedent as an example of this mode of thinking, this article makes the case for why questions related to political philosophy and political theory are essential to abstract and practical considerations of future world order.
Gender identity in the era of mass incarceration: The cruel and unusual segregation of trans people in the United States
Authors: Coppola Federica 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The scarce legal recognition of the gender identity of trans people is a contributing factor to the phenomenon of mass incarceration in the United States. The disproportionately higher rates of incarceration of trans people—especially trans people of color—are driven by discrimination-based barriers to housing, employment, education, and trans-specific healthcare. The denial of trans identity in prison results in the ill-treatment of trans persons, including a heightened exposure to assault and violence. Concerningly, incarcerated trans people are commonly confronted with harsh conditions of confinement such as solitary confinement, which are generally enacted to (presumably) protect their own safety. Against this backdrop, this article advances Eighth Amendment-based arguments for (indirectly) affording a more consistent constitutional protection to gender self-determination in prison settings. First, the article argues that a more robust dignity-based interpretation of the Eighth Amendment regarding the conditions of confinement can lead to recognizing (self-determined) gender-affirming placement as a basic human need, the deprivation of which causes constitutionally relevant harm. The second argument relies upon penal theory to illustrate that the denial of gender self-determination in prison settings, with all the negative corollaries it implies, contradicts the fundamental pillars of each major justification for punishment. Thus, such a denial does not serve any constitutionally justified penological need.
An advanced acceptance reliability sampling plan for heterogeneous items subject to external shocks
Authors: Cha Ji Hwan , Finkelstein Maxim 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Accepted by: Phil Scarf
In practice, many engineering items have more than one failure mode, whereas most of the existing reliability acceptance sampling plans reported in the literature assume that they have only one basic failure mode. To fill the gap, in this paper, we propose a reliability sampling plan for items with an additional failure mode that is due to external shocks. Moreover, heterogeneous populations of items are considered when items’ lifetime distributions differ from subpopulation to subpopulation. A new two-stage reliability sampling plan that takes into account these factors has been developed, where the lifetimes of items in a population are stochastically compared before and after the acceptance test. It is shown that the developed sampling plan improves the reliability characteristic of the population.
Antimicrobial resistance profiles of Escherichia coli isolated from laying hens in Zambia: implications and significance on one health
Authors: Mudenda Steward , Malama Sydney , Munyeme Musso , Matafwali Scott Kaba , Kapila Penjaninge , Katemangwe Patrick , Mainda Geoffrey , Mukubesa Andrew Nalishuwa , Hadunka Mwendalubi Albert , Muma John Bwalya 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been deepening in the layer poultry sector in Zambia partly due to the inappropriate use of antimicrobials. Escherichia coli (E. coli), a commensal and zoonotic bacterium, can potentially be a source of AMR.

Objectives
This study assessed the phenotypic AMR profiles of E. coli isolated from the apparent health-laying hens in Lusaka and Copperbelt provinces of Zambia.

Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted between September 2020 and April 2021 in which 365 cloacal swabs were collected from 77-layer farms based in Lusaka and Copperbelt provinces of Zambia. E. coli isolation and identification were done using cultural and biochemical properties and confirmed using the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was done using the Kirby–Bauer disc-diffusion method. Data analysis was done using WHONET 2020 and Stata v.16.1.

Results
Of the 365 samples, E. coli was isolated from 92.9% (n = 339). The AMR was detected in 96.5% (n = 327) of the isolates, of which 64.6% (n = 219) were multidrug-resistant (MDR). E. coli was highly resistant to tetracycline (54.6%) and ampicillin (54%) but showed low resistance to meropenem (0.9%), ceftazidime (6.2%) and chloramphenicol (8.8%).

Conclusion
This study found a high prevalence of E. coli resistant to some commonly used antibiotics in poultry, which is a public health concern because of the potential contamination of eggs and layers of chicken meat that enter the food chain. Urgent attention is needed, including strengthening antimicrobial stewardship and surveillance programmes in layer poultry production in Zambia.
Recent advances in in-resin correlative light and electron microscopy of Epon-embedded cells
Authors: Tanida Isei , Yamaguchi Junji , Suzuki Chigure , Kakuta Soichiro , Uchiyama Yasuo 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Correlative fluorescent and electron microscopic images of the same section of epoxy (or other polymer)-embedded samples, hereafter referred to as ‘in-resin CLEM’, have been developed to improve the positional accuracy and Z-axis resolution limitations of conventional correlative light and electron microscopy (CLEM). High-pressure freezing and quick-freezing substitution result in in-resin CLEM of acrylic-based resin-embedded cells expressing green fluorescent protein, yellow fluorescent protein, mVenus and mCherry, which are sensitive to osmium tetroxide. The identification of osmium-resistant fluorescent proteins leads to the development of in-resin CLEM of Epon-embedded cells. Using subtraction-based fluorescence microscopy with a photoconvertible fluorescent protein, mEosEM-E, its green fluorescence can be observed in thin sections of Epon-embedded cells, and two-color in-resin CLEM using mEosEM-E and mScarlet-H can be performed. Green fluorescent proteins, CoGFP variant 0 and mWasabi, and far-red fluorescent proteins, mCherry2 and mKate2, are available for in-resin CLEM of Epon-embedded cells using the standard procedure for Epon-embedding with additional incubation. Proximity labeling is applied to in-resin CLEM to overcome the limitations of fluorescent proteins in epoxy resin. These approaches will contribute significantly to the future of CLEM analysis.
Nutrition as prevention for improved cancer health outcomes: a systematic literature review
Authors: Parsons Helen M , Forte Mary L , Abdi Hamdi I , Brandt Sallee , Claussen Amy M , Wilt Timothy , Klein Mark , Ester Elizabeth , Landsteiner Adrienne , Shaukut Aasma , Sibley Shalamar S , Slavin Joanne , Sowerby Catherine , Ng Weiwen , Butler Mary 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundAmong adults with cancer, malnutrition is associated with decreased treatment completion, more treatment harms and use of health care, and worse short-term survival. To inform the National Institutes of Health Pathways to Prevention workshop, “Nutrition as Prevention for Improved Cancer Health Outcomes,” this systematic review examined the evidence for the effectiveness of providing nutrition interventions before or during cancer therapy to improve outcomes of cancer treatment.MethodsWe identified randomized controlled trials enrolling at least 50 participants published from 2000 through July 2022. We provide a detailed evidence map for included studies and grouped studies by broad intervention and cancer types. We conducted risk of bias (RoB) and qualitative descriptions of outcomes for intervention and cancer types with a larger volume of literature.ResultsFrom 9798 unique references, 206 randomized controlled trials from 219 publications met the inclusion criteria. Studies primarily focused on nonvitamin or mineral dietary supplements, nutrition support, and route or timing of inpatient nutrition interventions for gastrointestinal or head and neck cancers. Most studies evaluated changes in body weight or composition, adverse events from cancer treatment, length of hospital stay, or quality of life. Few studies were conducted within the United States. Among intervention and cancer types with a high volume of literature (n = 114), 49% (n = 56) were assessed as high RoB. Higher-quality studies (low or medium RoB) reported mixed results on the effect of nutrition interventions across cancer and treatment-related outcomes.ConclusionsMethodological limitations of nutrition intervention studies surrounding cancer treatment impair translation of findings into clinical practice or guidelines.
(078) The Release of the AUA Testosterone Guidelines Correlate With an Increase in Testosterone Prescriptions Among Urologists
Authors: Sellke N , Sun H , Omil-Lima D , Loeb A , Thirumavalavan N 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
There has been a continued increase in total testosterone prescriptions since 2014. The AUA published guidelines regarding the evaluation and treatment of men with testosterone deficiency in 2018. There is a paucity of literature addressing the prescription trends of different specialties during the release of the 2018 Guidelines.

Objective
We aimed to elucidate the testosterone prescription trends overall and of each specialty from 2016 to 2019 as the 2018 AUA testosterone guidelines were released.

Methods
Publicly available data from the Center for Medicare Services (CMS) Part D Prescriber database with regards to testosterone prescriptions across a 4-year span (January 1, 2016-December 31, 2019) were analyzed. Prescribers were categorized into specialties based on their NPI. We analyzed the trends of specialties with over 100 prescribers and prescribers overall using a negative binomial model.

Results
Family practice, internal medicine, urology, endocrinology, nurse practitioners (NPs), physician assistants (PAs), general practice, infectious disease, and emergency medicine (listed in order of descending testosterone prescribers) were the nine specialties with over 100 testosterone prescribers. From 2016 to 2019 each specialty had an increase in the number of prescribers except for emergency medicine which had a 4% decline (Figure 1). Nurse practitioners had the largest relative increase at 118%. The average number of claims increased each year from 2016 to 2019. However, focusing on consecutive years only 2017 and 2018 significantly differ (p=0.015) with urologists having the largest increase in average yearly claims (40 to 43 claims) (Figure 2). NPs and PAs both have an increasing share of the total testosterone claims from 2016 to 2019 (Figure 3).

Conclusions
The number of prescribers and claims for testosterone continued to increase from 2016 to 2019 based on CMS data. Our analysis showed that only 2017 to 2018 had a statistically significant increase in average claims corresponding to the year the AUA guidelines were released. Urologists on average prescribe the most testosterone and had the highest increase in claims per provider in 2018. Additionally, NPs and PAs are prescribing an increasing share of testosterone over the course of our analysis.

Disclosure
No
(098) ERβ Polymorphism (rs1256049; 1082G&gt;A) Association with Male Infertility: A Meta-analysis
Authors: Abbasi K , Irfan M , Arshad A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Introduction
In men, estrogen is produced in the testis by Sertoli cell, Leydig cell and germ cells that play an important role in the maturation and capacitation of sperms. The action of estrogen is mediated by two specific Receptors: Estrogen receptors α (ESRα) and Estrogen receptor β (ESRβ). The polymorphisms of the ERβ gene confer a lower sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) and thus a stronger unbound estrogen effect, which may adversely affect human spermatogenesis. SHBG is involved in both delivering reproductive hormones to target tissues and controlling the concentration of androgens and estrogens in the serum and tissues. Two silent G/A polymorphisms of the ER□ genes i.e., rs1256049 and rs4986938 have been demonstrated. The polymorphism studied at rs1256049 is 1082G&gt;A presented contrary results.

Objective
The study aims to demonstrate the prevalence of Estrogen Receptor Beta (ERβ) polymorphism (1082G&gt;A; rs1256049) in two ethnicities i.e., Asian and Caucasian, and its association with the risk of male infertility.

Methods
The databases PUBMED and NCBI were searched to retrieve case-control studies, published from 2005 to date, regarding ERβ polymorphism and male infertility were selected for this meta-analysis.

Results
A total of 10 case-control studies out of 85articles (6 Asian + 4 Caucasian), including 1613 cases and 1654 controls, determiningERβ polymorphism and male infertility met the inclusion criteria. Significant association (p&lt;0.05) was found between ERβ polymorphism and risk of male infertility on the basis of all four genetic models i.e. Allelic model (A vs G: OR= 1.19, 95% CI [1.00-1.43], I2 = 62%), additive model (AA vs GG: OR= 0.54, 95% CI [0.31-0.94], I2 = 0%), dominant model (AA+AG vs GG: OR= 1.37, 95% CI [1.11-1.69], I2 = 52%) and recessive model (AA vs AG+GG: OR= 0.55, 95% CI [0.32-0.96], I2 = 0%). In case of Caucasian population, this polymorphism is significantly associated with male infertility on the basis of allelic model (A vs G: OR= 2.10, 95% CI [1.31-3.36], I2 = 37%) as well as the dominant model (AA+AG vs GG: OR= 2.70, 95% CI [1.62-4.51], I2 = 72%), whereas in Asian population, it had a significant association on the basis of recessive model (AA vs AG+GG: OR= 0.55, 95% CI [0.31-0.96], I2 = 0%) only.

Conclusions
ERβ polymorphism (rs1256049 is 1082G&gt;A) is linked with a higher risk of male infertility and has a more severe effect on the Caucasian population than on the Asian population.

Disclosure
No