bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic Satellite Galaxy Quenching: A Unique Signature of Energetic Feedback by Supermassive Black Holes?
Authors: Karp Juliana S. M. , Lange Johannes U. , Wechsler Risa H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The quenched fraction of satellite galaxies is aligned with the orientation of the halo’s central galaxy, such that on average, satellites form stars at a lower rate along the major axis of the central. This effect, called anisotropic satellite galaxy quenching (ASGQ), has been found in observational data and cosmological simulations. Analyzing the IllustrisTNG simulation, Martín-Navarro et al. recently argued that ASGQ is caused by anisotropic energetic feedback and constitutes “compelling observational evidence for the role of black holes in regulating galaxy evolution.” In this Letter, we study the causes of ASGQ in state-of-the-art galaxy formation simulations to evaluate this claim. We show that cosmological simulations predict that on average, satellite galaxies along the major axis of the dark matter halo tend to have been accreted at earlier cosmic times and are hosted by subhalos of larger peak halo masses. As a result, a modulation of the quenched fraction with respect to the major axis of the central galaxy is a natural prediction of hierarchical structure formation. We show that ASGQ is predicted by the UniverseMachine galaxy formation model, a model without anisotropic feedback. Furthermore, we demonstrate that even in the IllustrisTNG simulation, anisotropic satellite accretion properties are the main cause of ASGQ. Ultimately, we argue that ASGQ is not a reliable indicator of supermassive black hole feedback in galaxy formation simulations and, thus, should not be interpreted as such in observational data.
Negligible Effects of Baryons on the Angular Momentum Scaling Relations of Galactic Dark Matter Halos
Authors: Fall S. Michael , Rodriguez-Gomez Vicente 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In cosmological simulations without baryons, the relation between the specific angular momentum j
h and mass M
h of galactic dark matter halos has the well-established form

j

h

∝

M

h

2

/

3

. This is invariably adopted as the starting point in efforts to understand the analogous relation between the specific angular momentum j
* and mass M
* of the stellar parts of galaxies, which are often re-expressed relative to the corresponding halo properties through the retention fractions f

j
= j
*/j
h and f

M
= M
*/M
h. An important caveat here is that the adopted

j

h

∝

M

h

2

/

3

relation could, in principle, be modified by the gravitational back-reaction of baryons on dark matter (DM). We have tested for this possibility by comparing the j
h–M
h relations in the IllustrisTNG100 and TNG50 simulations that include baryons (full-physics runs) with their counterparts that do not (DM-only runs). In all cases, we find scaling relations of the form

j

h

∝

M

h

α

, with α ≈ 2/3 over the ranges of mass and redshift studied here: M
h ≥ 1010
M
⊙ and 0 ≤ z ≤ 2. The values of α are virtually identical in the full-physics and DM-only runs at the same redshift. The only detectable effect of baryons on the j
h–M
h relation is a slightly higher normalization, by 12%–15% at z = 0 and by 5% at z = 2. This implies that existing estimates of f

j
based on DM-only simulations should be adjusted downward by similar amounts. Finally, we discuss briefly some implications of this work for studies of galaxy formation.
SRF617 Is a Potent Inhibitor of CD39 with Immunomodulatory and Antitumor Properties
Authors: Warren Michael C , Matissek Stephan , Rausch Matthew , Panduro Marisella , Hall Richard J , Dulak Austin , Brennan David , Yekkirala Sonia Das , Koseoglu Secil , Masia Ricard , Yang Yu , Reddy Navamallika , Prenovitz Robert , Strand Jamie , Zaidi Tauqueer , Devereaux Erik , Foissac Célia Jacoberger , Stagg John , Lee Benjamin H , Holland Pamela , Palombella Vito J , Lake Andrew C 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
CD39 (ENTPD1) is a key enzyme responsible for degradation of extracellular ATP and is upregulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Extracellular ATP accumulates in the TME from tissue damage and immunogenic cell death, potentially initiating proinflammatory responses that are reduced by the enzymatic activity of CD39. Degradation of ATP by CD39 and other ectonucleotidases (e.g., CD73) results in extracellular adenosine accumulation, constituting an important mechanism for tumor immune escape, angiogenesis induction, and metastasis. Thus, inhibiting CD39 enzymatic activity can inhibit tumor growth by converting a suppressive TME to a proinflammatory environment. SRF617 is an investigational, anti-CD39, fully human IgG4 Ab that binds to human CD39 with nanomolar affinity and potently inhibits its ATPase activity. In vitro functional assays using primary human immune cells demonstrate that inhibiting CD39 enhances T-cell proliferation, dendritic cell maturation/activation, and release of IL-1β and IL-18 from macrophages. In vivo, SRF617 has significant single-agent antitumor activity in human cell line–derived xenograft models that express CD39. Pharmacodynamic studies demonstrate that target engagement of CD39 by SRF617 in the TME inhibits ATPase activity, inducing proinflammatory mechanistic changes in tumor-infiltrating leukocytes. Syngeneic tumor studies using human CD39 knock-in mice show that SRF617 can modulate CD39 levels on immune cells in vivo and can penetrate the TME of an orthotopic tumor, leading to increased CD8+ T-cell infiltration. Targeting CD39 is an attractive approach for treating cancer, and, as such, the properties of SRF617 make it an excellent drug development candidate.
Dodecanoic acid & palmitic acid disarms rifampicin resistance by putatively targeting mycobacterial efflux pump Rv1218c
Authors: Nirmal Christy Rosaline , Rajadas Sam Ebenezer , Balasubramanian Mahizhaveni , Magdaline Divya , Chilamakuru Naresh Babu , Dinesh Rajkumar , Radhakrishnan A. , Paraman Ramalingam , Mondal Rajesh , Dusthackeer V. N. Azger 
Published: May 2023

Background & objectives:
Drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) jeopardizes the treatment process with poor outcomes. Efflux pumps (EPs) belonging to the ABC transporter family in Mycobacterium tuberculosis confer resistance to rifampicin (RMP) besides genetic mutations thus serving as a target for a potential adjunct therapeutic inhibitory molecule. Rv1218c is one such pump that was previously reported to be active in multidrug-resistant TB clinical isolates.

Methods:
In this study, the inhibition potential of Rv1218c-EP was tested on 8 molecules that were shortlisted by in silico methods. These molecules were subjected to the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination, checkerboard drug combination assay, ethidium bromide-DNA binding assay, and in vitro and ex vivo cytotoxicity assay.

Results:
Based on the outcome of the study, two molecules dodecanoic acid (DA) and palmitic acid (PA) were found to be potential enough to decrease the MIC of RMP by 8 to 1000 folds against multidrug-resistant clinical isolates and Rv1218c expressing recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis.

Interpretation & conclusions:
These molecules were also found to reduce the time taken by RMP to kill these drug-resistant Mycobacteria to 48 h, unlike control isolates that survived more than 240 h of RMP exposure. The functional concentration of both molecules was non-toxic to the epithelial and blood mononuclear cells. With further comprehensive scientific validation, PA and DA could be recommended as adjunct therapeutic molecules with first-line anti-TB drugs to treat drug-resistant TB.
Prevalence of Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma and its Relationship with Smoking in the Population of the Azar Cohort: A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Khalili Ali F. , Razzaghi Shahryar , Motlagh Behzad F. , Faramarzi Elnaz , Zeinalzadeh Ali H. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

PURPOSE:
The purpose is to determine the prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and study the relationship of smoking and other potential risk factors with POAG.

METHODS:
This is a cross-sectional study based on the Azar cohort databases (including the eye cohort study) in Iran, including 11,208 participants aged 35–70 years. According to the questionnaire, participants were divided into five groups in terms of smoking. Ophthalmologic examinations were performed in two steps. The first step was performed by an optometrist, and all referred participants underwent a complete ophthalmological examination in the second step, then after POAG cases were diagnosed using Criteria of the International Society of Geographic and Epidemiological Ophthalmology.

RESULTS:
Of the participants, 4992 (44.5%) were male and 6216 (55.5%) were female, with a mean age of 50.1 ± 9.27 years. The prevalence of POAG in our study population was 1%, which included 58 (1.2%) males and 58 (0.9%) females. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the prevalence of different smoking categories in both genders. There was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in both genders in terms of diabetes mellitus (DM) after adjusting for age and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the male population in terms of triglycerides ≥150 mg/dl.

CONCLUSION:
Findings of this study indicated that there is no association between cigarette smoking in different doses and a history of smoking with POAG. Other factors, such as aging and underlying diseases, including DM and hypertriglyceridemia, have a statistically significant association with POAG.
Effects of Smoking on Outcomes of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Therapy in Patients with Diabetic Macular Edema: A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Authors: Al Saad Mouna , Shehadeh Amin , Hizzani Asem , Alzibdeh Abdulla , Alsubhi Amani A. , Hamdan Dina , Alkubati Ebtehal , Meqbil Jehad , Hamadneh Lina , Ababneh Osama 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

PURPOSE:
To determine the effect of smoking on the response to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy treatment in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME).

METHODS:
This is a retrospective case − control study that included 60 eyes with DME. Smoking habits were obtained from hospital records and patient recall. Patients were divided into two groups: the ever-smoker group and the never-smoker group. All patients received Intravitreal ranibizumab with three loading doses followed by PRN protocol and all were followed up for at least 1 year. Outcome measures were best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT) at the fovea, and number of visits.

RESULTS:
Smoking was not associated with worse posttreatment visual acuity and was not found to influence the change in ocular coherence tomography measurement of central macular thickness and the change in BCVA (posttreatment minus pretreatment). There were no statistically significant differences in the duration of treatment or number of visits between two groups of patients the ever-smoker group and the never-smoker group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSION:
In this study, smoking status did not influence the treatment outcome of anti-VEGFs; however, smoking should be encouraged due to its well-known other systemic unwanted effects.
Understanding Corneal Epithelial Thickness Mapping
Authors: Alghamdi Abdullah , Khan Muhammad S. , Dakhil Turki A. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Corneal epithelial thickness (CET) and the regional variations in response to changes in corneal architecture and biomechanics have recently drawn the interest of corneal surgeons. Corneal epithelium possesses the tremendous capability of remodeling and changing its thickness. This remodeling of corneal epithelium takes place in response to underlying stromal irregularities which can result from a variety of corneal disorders including corneal ectasia. Measurement of CET can reveal the underlying stromal abnormalities and supplement in early diagnosis of corneal disorders especially corneal ectasia which has been one of the leading challenges in planning corneal refractive surgery. A significant number of patients ends up in ectasia after refractive surgery and the most common cause of this complication is the presence of preoperative subclinical keratoconus. Furthermore, postoperative complications of corneal refractive surgery are partly masked by epithelial remodeling and make the diagnosis and management difficult and extremely challenging. This leads not only to unpredictable visual and refractive outcome but also the need of multiple interventions to treat these complications. Although corneal tomography is considered as gold standard in the detection and diagnosis of corneal ectasia, a small number of subclinical cases may still go undetected. In this review, we have highlighted the underlying mechanism of epithelial remodeling, the devices and imaging modalities used to measure CET, and application of epithelial mapping in the diagnosis and management of various corneal disorders.
Technique, sedation, and clinical outcome of endoscopic submucosal dissection for rectal tumor with involvement of dentate line: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Noh Yoon Kyoo , Lee Jun , Kim Seong Jung 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Background:
Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of rectal tumors involving the dentate line (RT-DL) is challenging because of the anatomical features of the anal canal. This study aimed to identify optimal techniques and sedation and to determine the clinical outcomes of ESD for RT-DL.

Methods:
We retrospectively collected medical records and endoscopic results of patients who underwent ESD for rectal tumors between January 2012 and April 2021. Patients were divided into RT-DL and rectal tumors not involving the dentate line (RT-NDL) groups, as per involvement of the dentate line. The treatment results and clinical outcomes of the two groups were evaluated and analyzed. Additionally, subgroup analysis was performed in the RT-DL group for the sedation method involved.

Results:
In total, 225 patients were enrolled and 22 were assigned to the RT-DL group. The complete resection rate (90.9% vs. 95.6%, P =0.336), delayed bleeding (13.6% vs. 5.9%, P =0.084), perforation (0% vs. 3.9%, P = 0.343), hospital stays (4.55 vs. 4.48 days, P = 0.869), and recurrence (0% vs. 0.5%) showed no significant group differences. However, in RT-DL group, the procedure time (78.32 vs. 51.10 min, P = 0.002) was longer and there was more perianal pain (22.7% vs. 0%, P = 0.001). The subgroup analysis revealed that deep sedation using propofol reduced perianal pain during the procedure (0/14 vs. 5/8, P = 0.002).

Conclusions:
ESD of RT-DL is a safe and effective treatment despite the challenges of requiring a high level of technique and longer procedure time. In particular, ESD under deep sedation should be considered in patients with RT-DL to control perianal pain.
The Paratext of a Manuscript: Mihail Lermontov Self-illustrated
Authors: Kozyreva Anastasia 
Published: May 2023

Pour une mise en ligne sur Épisciences.
This article studies the pictural manuscript of the unfinished novel Vadim, that Mikhail Lermontov (1814-1841) composed between 1832 and 1834. Lermontov’s archive, as a material testimony of literary creation, offers a possibility to access the author’s work without an editorial intermediary. The page full of drawings and sketches, that we can call the paratext of a manuscript, accompanies Vadim’s text and characterizes Lermontov as a producer of text’s imaginary. By investigating through a comparative analysis of text and image how Lermontov draws a portrait of a generation, this article shows that the pictorial paratext of the manuscript does not illustrate a concrete work, but the creative process and Lermontov’s aesthetic research.
Cet article propose d’étudier le manuscrit dessiné du roman inachevé Vadim, que Mikhaïl Lermontov (1814-1841) a composé entre 1832 et 1834. Les archives de Lermontov, comme des témoins matériels de création littéraire, offrent une possibilité d’accéder à l’œuvre sans intermédiaire éditorial. La page entièrement remplie de dessins et de croquis, lesquels peuvent être appelés « paratexte » du manuscrit, accompagne le texte de Vadim et caractérise Lermontov comme imagier du texte. En s’interrogeant sur la façon dont l’auteur dessine un portrait de génération à travers une analyse comparative du texte et de l’image, cet article montre que le paratexte pictural du manuscrit n’illustre pas tant une œuvre concrète, mais le processus de création et les recherches esthétiques de Lermontov.
The Archive and Video Games
Authors: Rybina Viktoriia 
Published: May 2023

As a result of technological advances, digital archives now have a significant role to play in the conservation of history. Video games have also become a part of this preservation. Video game archives are created all over the world for scientific, historical, cultural, and technical interests. The goal of this article is to build a reflection on the functions of video games and the possibility of considering them as archives. Four archive functions and four video games (Hell Let Loose, Company of Heroes 2, Kholat and Assassin’s Creed: Origins) containing cultural and historical elements from Russia will allow to clarify the functions of video games, as well as the similarities with archives and to bring a new look on the cultural and educational value of video games.
Grâce aux progrès de la technologie, les archives numériques jouent désormais un rôle important dans la préservation de l’histoire. Les jeux vidéo font également partie de cette sauvegarde. Des archives de jeux vidéo sont créées dans le monde entier pour des intérêts scientifiques, historiques, culturels et techniques. L’objectif de cet article est de construire une réflexion autour des fonctions des jeux vidéo et la possibilité de les considérer comme des archives. Quatre fonctions d’archives et de quatre jeux vidéo (Hell Let Loose, Company of Heroes 2, Kholat et Assassin’s Creed : Origins) contenant des éléments culturels et historiques russes permettront d’éclairer les fonctions de ces jeux vidéo ainsi que les similitudes avec les archives dites « classiques » et d’apporter un nouveau regard sur la valeur culturelle et éducative des jeux vidéo.
Naissance d'un édifice soviétique : aborder et faire parler les archives d'architecture
Authors: Wolkenstein Paul 
Published: May 2023

Pour mise en ligne sur Épisciences.
The buildings that comprise my research corpus encourage me to question my archival approach to architecture in a socialist environment. The study of an architectural project requires looking at the constraints, the reasons for the construction, and the interpretation. Architectural archives are also research objects in themselves. Indeed, there are several components that should be studied in parallel with the buildings: “administrative”, “graphic”, “oral” and “in-situ”. This paper is an opportunity to become familiar with the different sources invoked in architectural analysis.
Les édifices qui constituent mon corpus de recherche m’incitent à questionner mon approche archivistique concernant l’architecture en milieu socialiste. L’étude d’un projet architectural demande que l’on s’intéresse aux contraintes, aux raisons de la construction et à l’interprétation. Les archives en architecture constituent également des objets de recherche en eux-mêmes. En effet, il existe plusieurs volets – « administratif », « graphique », « oral » et « in-situ » – qui sont à étudier en parallèle des bâtiments. Cet article est l’occasion de se familiariser avec les différentes sources invoquées en matière d’analyse architecturale.
Modeling Development and Validation of Metaverse Attitude Scale
Authors: Kirbas Omer , Dogan Fatih 
Published: May 2023

This study is an attempt to develop a reliable and valid measurement tool to measure secondary school students' attitudes towards metaverse use. Therefore, the study reported the analyses related to metaverse attitude scale (MVAS). The content validity of the scale was ensured by an expert’s view, and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) designed according to the Technology Adaptation Model (TAM) were employed to ensure its construct validity. . The structural equation model was used to reveal the relationship across the variables. EFA was carried out with the data obtained from 251 5th, 6th, 7th, and 8th-grade secondary school students enrolled in public schools in a city in northwest Turkey. The results of EFA confirmed a 22-item three-factor model. Then, the three-factor model obtained from EFA was cross-validated through the use of CFA that proposed a 21-item 3-factor model. The fit indices for CFA were found as .05 for RMSEA, .049 for SRMR, .889 for GFI, .871 for AGFI, .9146 for NFI, .965 for CFI, and .916 for RFI. Besides, the results affirmed the proposed 21-item three-factor model theoretically and statistically. Structural equation modeling was used to determine the relationship across variables. Accordingly, secondary school students were identified to have positive responses towards cognitive and affective fields related to the metaverse. However, they could not transform these responses into behavioral field. As a result, the metaverse may be used in education since it is likely to observe the independent variables such as perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and attitude towards use regarding the metaverse in secondary school students.
The Impact of Bullwhip Effect on the Supply Chain Performance With the Mediating Effect of Information Sharing Among an Enterprise and Suppliers
Authors: Aqdas Asjad bin , Shakeel Muhammad , Munir Saqib , Waheed Khawaja Zeeshan 
Published: May 2023

This research aims to observe the impact of bullwhip effect on supply chain performance, the research is focused on how the bullwhip effect distorts the information sharing and to what extent that distortion effects the supply chain performance of a firm. This research also explains that the quality and quantity of information sharing deeply effects the supply chain performance. It tries to establish the fact that if the information is accurate and is shared timely, this can lead to increased performance, it also emphasizes on the importance of the supply chain integration and partner’s relationship in mitigating the bullwhip effect.
This research study will serve as an important contribution to the filed of supply chain management, as such type of research has not been conducted earlier by keeping the Pakistani firms as the unit of analysis. The study reveals that through proper, timely and accurate exchange of information between an enterprise and its supplier the firm can lessen uncertainty, order fulfillment rate is improved, costs is reduced and can ultimately increase the performance.
The study reveals that bullwhip effect strongly effects the information and its flow, but if the information is managed properly and its quality is increased then it results in strong partner relations which leads to supply chain integration. It has been found that the supply chain integration strongly effects the supply chain performance of a firm, better the supply chain integration the better would be the performance of the overall supply chain