bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Haploid induction through microspore embryogenesis in Bell pepper genotypes
Authors: Mangal Manisha , Sahana K. P. , Srivast Arpita , Khar Anil , Jain Neelu , Jain P.K. , Bharti Hemlata , Harun Mohd 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Classical breeding has been adopted to evaluate and breed pepper cultivars across different parts of the world. However, multiple generations are required for screening, development of lines, evaluation, recognition and crossing for getting highly homozygous lines. In vitro microspore culture is the fastest approach to produce homozygous lines within a single generation. In the present study, a successful protocol for microspore embryogenesis from pepper hybrids Orobelle and Bomby was developed. During the present study, cold pretreatment of buds at 4°C for 4 days gave early and successful embryo formation from both the genotypes. MS medium containing 4mg/L NAA and 1mg/L BAP, 0.25% activated charcoal, 2.6 g/L gelrite, 30 g/L sucrose and 15 mg/L silver nitrate gave the highest efficiency of embryo formation (1.85% and 1.46%) in Orobelle and Bomby, respectively. Half strength MS medium fortified with 2% sucrose and 0.1 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BA), solidified with 0.6% plant agar resulted in successful plant regeneration from embryos. Chromosomal status of the microspore derived plantlets was analyzed using flow cytometry. Haploid plants were characterized by reduced plant height, leaf length, leaf width and short internode length compared to seed derived diploid plants.
Longitudinal Changes in Tear Cytokines and Antimicrobial Proteins in Trachomatous Disease
Authors: Barton Amber , Faal Nkoyo , Ramadhani Athumani , Derrick Tamsyn , Mafuru Elias , Mtuy Tara , Massae Patrick , Malissa Aiweda , Joof Hassan , Makalo Pateh , Sillah Ansumana , Harte Anna , Pickering Harry , Bailey Robin , Mabey David CW , Burton Matthew J , Holland Martin J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background

Trachoma is a neglected tropical disease caused by ocular infection with Chlamydia trachomatis, where repeated infections and chronic inflammation can ultimately result in scarring, trichiasis and blindness. While scarring is thought to be mediated by a dysregulated immune response, the kinetics of cytokines and antimicrobial proteins in the tear film have not yet been characterised.

Methods

Pooled tears from a Gambian cohort and Tanzanian cohort were semi-quantitatively screened using a Proteome Profiler Array to identify cytokines differentially regulated in disease. Based on this screen and previous literature, ten cytokines (CXCL1, IP10, IFN-γ, IL1β, IL8, IL10, IL12p40, IL1RA, IL1α and PDGF), lysozyme and lactoferrin were assayed in the Tanzanian cohort by multiplex cytokine assay and ELISA. Finally, CXCL1, IP10, IL8, lysozyme and lactoferrin were longitudinally profiled in the Gambian cohort by multiplex cytokine assay and ELISA.

Results

In the Tanzanian cohort, IL8 was significantly raised in those with clinically inapparent infection (p = 0.0086). Lysozyme, IL10 and chemokines CXCL1, IL8, and IP10 were raised in scarring (p = 0.016, 0.046, 0.016, 0.037 and 0.093). CXCL1, IP10, IL8, lysozyme and lactoferrin were longitudinally profiled over the course of infection in a Gambian cohort study, with evidence of an inflammatory response both before, during and after detectable infection. CXCL1, IL8 and IP10 were raised in the second infection episode relative to the first (p = 0.0012, 0.044, and 0.04).

Conclusions

These findings suggest that the ocular immune system responds prior to and continues to respond after detectable C. trachomatis infection, possibly due to a positive feedback loop inducing immune activation. Levels of CXC chemokines in successive infection episodes were increased, which may offer an explanation as to why repeated infections are a risk factor for scarring.
Tuning Absorption coefficient and refractive index changes in GaAs quantum ring Under Combined Effects of Temperature, Pressure, Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit couplings
Authors: Hasanirokh K. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
In the present work, we have explored how the pressure, temperature and size of a GaAs quantum ring in the presence of Rashba and Dresselhaus spin–orbit couplings (SOC) can affect the energy states, dipole transition matrix elements (DTMEs), optical absorption coefficients (OACs) and refractive index changes (RICs). In addition to the theoretical beauty of this important and exciting area of research, it represents the attractive potential applications in the growth of optoelectronics devices. The results have indicated that the ground state energy values rise with pressure and Dresselhaus coupling. Meanwhile, increasing the temperature and Rashba coupling as well as the ring’s size leads to a decrement of energy levels. Taking the transition from the ground state to the first excited state, we have found that the temperature, pressure, inner and outer radius decrease DTMEs because of a drop in wave functions overlap. Therefore, the presence of SOCs, pressure, temperature and dimensions of the quantum ring dominate the electronic behavior and consequently control the absorption as well as the refractive index of the nano structure. A significant enhancement of the OACs and RICs curves is witnessed when the pressure, ring geometric, and Rashba strength are enlarged, but Increasing Dresselhaus coefficient decreases OACs and RICs. These parameters are responsible for blue shifts in the optical absorption. These results can be suitable in the construction of spin-based devices.
Clinical Phenomenology of Fibromyalgia Syndrome in male patients - Same but Different.
Authors: Drusko Armin , Renz Malika , Schmidt Hannah , Schlömp Lea , Papaiannou Vassilios , Schmidt Norbert , Tost Heike , Treede Rolf-Detlef , Eich Wolfgang , Tesarz Jonas 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Background

The majority of knowledge about fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) derives from studies of female patients. Little is known about the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of male FMS patients.

Objective

We investigated whether male FMS patients differ from female patients in terms of 1.) symptom burden, 2.) psychological characteristics, and 3.) clinical treatment response.

Methods

For this retrospective cohort study with a prospective posttreatment-follow-up, we identified 263 male (4%) out of 5,541 FMS patients completing a three-week multimodal pain-treatment program. Male FMS patients (51.3±9.1 years) were age- and time-matched (1:4) with female FMS patients (N = 1052, 51.3±9.0 years). Data on clinical characteristics, psychological comorbidities and treatment response were obtained from medical records and validated questionnaires.

Results

Levels of perceived pain, psychological comorbidity, and functional capacity were similar between genders, although male FMS patients showed a higher prevalence for alcohol abuse. Compared to female patients, male FMS patients experienced themselves less often as overly accommodating (Cohen’s d=-0.42), but more often as self-sacrificing (d = 0.26) or intrusive (d = 0.23). Regarding pain coping, male patients were less likely to utilize mental distraction, rest- and relaxation techniques, or counteractive activities (d = 0.18–0.27). Male FMS patients showed a slightly worse overall response rate than women (69% vs. 77%), although differences between individual outcome measures were small (d < 0.2).

Conclusion

Although male and female FMS patients in our cohort were similar in clinical presentation and treatment response, the gender-specific differences in interpersonal problems and pain coping suggest a consideration of these aspects in the treatment of male FMS patients.
Breast Self-Examination Practice and Associated Factors Among Reproductive Age Women In North Shewa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2022: By Using Health Belief Model
Authors: Hussein Dursa , Gashaw Ketema , Geleta Tinsae Abay , Girma Derara , Geleta Leta Adugna , Oyato Befekadu Tesfaye 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide and the second most common cancer overall. Breast self-examination is one of the cheapest methods used for the early detection of breast cancer in asymptomatic women. However, in Ethiopia, most of the breast self-examination studies were not conducted among women in the general population. Therefore, this study aimed to assess breast self-examination practice and associated factors among women of reproductive age in the North Shewa Zone, Oromia.
Method
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the North Shewa zone from May 18/2022 to June 18/2022. 1076 women of reproductive age were selected by simple random sampling. For the quantitative part of the study, an interviewer-administered questionnaire was used, and focus group discussions were used for the qualitative part. SPSS version 26 was used for the analysis. Variables with a P-value < 0.25 in the bivariable analysis were included in the multivariable logistic regression model. The degree of the association was expressed using an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) at a P-value < 0.05.
Results
Overall 192(18.2%) with 95% CI (15.7, 20.5) of the participants had ever performed BSE. Among these, only 20 (10.4%) had practiced monthly. Being younger-aged women (15–24) [AOR = 3.9, 95% CI (2.2–6.8)], having a family history of BC [AOR = 6.9, 95% CI (4.6–10.3)], being knowledgeable on BSE [AOR = 3, 95% CI (1.9–4.3)], having high perceived susceptibility [AOR = 1.7, 95% CI (1.2–2.5)], having high self-efficacy [AOR = 1.5, 95% CI (1.1–2.3)] and having a high perceived benefit to BSE [AOR = 1.5, 95% CI (1.1–2.3)] were factors significantly associated of BSE practice.
Conclusion
BSE practice in the North Shewa zone was very low. Age, family history of BC, knowledge of BSE practice, perceived susceptibility, benefit, and self-efficacy were independent predictors of BSE practice. North Shewa Zonal Health Office and other stakeholders should disseminate teaching materials that address the benefit of BSE practice.
Land Tenure Security and Climate Change Adaptation Strategies in Togo
Authors: TOBI Kossigan , EDGEWEBLIME Kcodgoh 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The main objective of this paper is to analyze the effect of land tenure security on the adaptation strategies of agricultural households to climate change in Togo. By applying the multinomial logit model to data from the Harmonized Household Living Conditions Survey conducted by INSEED in 2018–2019, the results show that land tenure security positively and significantly affects the adaptation strategies of agricultural households in Togo. This result remains valid even if we apply ordinary least squares to the coping strategy index constructed from the principal component analysis. The study suggests policies to formally secure agricultural plots in Togo.
Photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline and ciprofloxacin antibiotic residues in aqueous phase by biosynthesized nZVI using Sal (Shorea robusta) leaf extract
Authors: Jha Aditya Kumar , Chakraborty Sukalyan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractConventional treatments for antibiotic residues in effluents are inefficient and do not lead to complete removal. Though effective and feasible degradation of antibiotics using nanoparticles has been reported by several scientists, chemically synthesized nanoparticles have their own disadvantages. Thus, in this study, nZVI was biosynthesized using leaf extract of Shorea robusta and precursor FeSO4·7H2O for photocatalytically degrading tetracycline (TC) and ciprofloxacin (CIP). The characterization of nZVI was performed using SEM, TEM, AFM, EDX, FTIR, and XRD to test their properties, which revealed iron-rich, well-dispersed, spherical, crystalline nanoparticles. Photocatalytic degradation of TC and CIP under UV illumination revealed 88 and 84% optimum efficiency at antibiotic concentrations 15 and 25 mg L−1, 0.014 and 0.0175 g L−1 doses of nZVI, respectively in the pH range 4–6 in 70 min. The degradation was further verified using mass spectrometry, which confirmed the degradation of antibiotics into the breakdown products. Toxicity assay of the degraded antibiotic solution proved it non-toxic for bacteria and safe for discharge into water bodies. The cost analysis of antibiotic degradation using nZVI proved very economical, costing around 1.5 USD per 1,000 L of wastewater.
Application of multivariate statistical methods to enhance the water quality monitoring system of Kashmir Valley with special emphasis on side-stream pollution
Authors: Gull Sarvat , Shah Shagoofta Rasool , Dar Ayaz Mohmood 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Surface waterbodies, on which the growing population of Kashmir Valley is reliant in a variety of ways, are increasingly deteriorated due to anthropogenic pollution from rapid economic development. This research aims to assess the quality of the surface waterbodies in the north-eastern region of Kashmir Valley. Standard analytical procedures were used to analyze the water samples taken from 11 distinct sampling stations for 14 physicochemical parameters. The results were compared with the standard permissible levels which showed that the water quality of rivers and lakes in the north-east Himalayan region has steadily declined. Furthermore, multivariate statistical techniques were used with the goal of identifying key variables that influence seasonal and sectional water quality variations. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis revealed that there is substantial spatio-temporal variability in the water quality parameters. According to principal component analysis (PCA) results, four primary components, which together accounted for 79.23% of the total variance, could be used to evaluate all data. Chemical, organic, and conventional pollutants were found to be significant latent factors influencing the water quality of rivers in the study region. The results indicate that PCA and ANOVA may be used as vital tools to identify crucial surface water quality indices and the most contaminated river sections.
Pipe and isolation valve failure-impact analysis and prioritization model for an urban water distribution network
Authors: Beker Bahar Adem , Kansal Mitthan Lal 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Pipe and isolation valve failure in an urban water distribution network (WDN) causes service interruption to the water users. It is important to identify and prioritize the maintenance of the most severe impact-causing pipes and valve failures. This study investigates the impacts of such failures in terms of the number of isolation elements, the number of affected customers, and the supply shortfall (SS). The study proposes an impact-based prioritization model for pipe and isolation valve repair/replacement in a WDN using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The WDN modeling, simulation, and generation of segments are carried out using the WaterGEMS software. The proposed methodology is illustrated with the help of a real-time WDN of Dire Dawa city in Ethiopia. Through the study, it is noticed that each valve/pipe failure has varied impacts and gets reduced with the increase in valve density. Further, the supply shortfall is the most important parameter for prioritizing the maintenance. The failure of the valves and pipes significantly affects the system's performance and should be repaired/replaced on priority basis. It is hoped that the proposal will help the decision-makers in the optimal utilization of limited resources available for repair/ maintenance.
Green synthesis of granular activated carbon/zinc ferro nanocomposites-based bioleached laterite iron (BLaFe) for the removal of Rhodamine B in water using adsorption–Fenton's oxidation process
Authors: S. Bhaskar , K. N. Rashmishree , B. Manu , Sreenivasa M. Y. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Novel cost-effective catalyst granular activated carbon (GAC)-based zinc ferro nanocomposites for the heterogeneous Fenton's oxidation of dye were synthesized using bioleached laterite iron (BLFe) as a precursor and Psidium gujava leaf extract. Synthesized nanocomposites were characterized using SEM, EDS, XRD and BET surface area analysis. The degradation of Rhodamine dye was carried out with nanocomposites using adsorption–Fenton's oxidation process. The catalytic role of nanocomposites in Fenton's oxidation of Rhodamine B (RhB) was investigated and reported. The maximum dye removal of 96.2% was observed with 64.2% COD removal within 200 min of treatment. An increase in nanocomposite dosage has a positive effect on dye removal marking 5 g/L as an optimum dosage. Adsorption studies reveal that RhB removal using BLFe-based GAC/zinc ferro composites fits the Freundlich Adsorption Isotherm model with an adsorption capacity of 47.81 mg/g. A combination of adsorption and Fenton's oxidation has resulted in higher removal efficiency with nanocomposite material. Reusability studies confirm that the spent catalyst can be reused for five cycles.
Synthesis and Biological Activities of Heterocyclic Hybrids Containing
Piperidine and Pyridine Moieties: Recent Developments
Authors: Pemawat Gangotri , Bhatnagar Ayushi , Khangarot Rama Kanwar 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Piperidine and pyridine nuclei are essential heterocyclic systems and act as an essential underpinning
for agriculture, medicines, industries, etc. The development of novel methods for the synthesis
of these exemplary heterocyclic compounds and their respective hybrids, which show a wide
range of biological activities, is a very fascinating theme. The derivatives of these pervasive nuclei are
used as antibacterial, antimicrobial, antifungal, antimalarial, anticancer, antiproliferative, antihypertensive,
antiparasitic, and many other agents. The hybrids of these nuclei have retained a distinct position
in medicinal chemistry and are often incorporated in synthetic drug discovery. In this review, we
have compiled relevant literature on different derivatives of piperidine and pyridine moieties and their
biological activities.
Rectal Bleeding in Infants: Diagnostic Work-up and Management
Authors: Quitadamo Paolo , Isoldi Sara , Mallardo Saverio , Zenzeri Letizia , Ceccanti Silvia , Battagliere Ilaria , Del Bene Margherita , Di Nardo Giovanni 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Lower gastrointestinal bleeding is an alarming symptom in pediatrics, especially in in-
fancy. However, it is commonly secondary to benign and self-limiting conditions, such as anal fis-
sures, infections, and allergies; more rarely it is caused by more serious disorders, such as necrotiz-
ing enterocolitis, very early onset inflammatory bowel diseases, and vascular malformations.
The present review aims at summarizing the different clinical conditions presenting with rectal
bleeding in infancy and provides an evidence-based diagnostic work-up for the clinical management
of patients with this occurrence.
Review on Multifunctional Nanotherapeutics for Drug Delivery, Tumor
Imaging, and Selective Tumor Targeting by Hyaluronic Acid Coupled
Graphene Quantum Dots
Authors: Morani Dilip O. , Patil Pravin O. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract:
Cancer is one of the most widespread life-threatening diseases, and among different
types of cancers, breast cancer is the major disease affecting many women worldwide.

Background:
Conventional chemotherapy using anticancer drugs has many drawbacks, like
poor water solubility, poor bioavailability, rapid relapse, non-specific selectivity, effect on normal
tissues, and rapid drug resistance. Thus, over the last few years, immense efforts have been
made to fabricate nanotherapeutics that will release drugs in response to stimuli.

Objective:
Nanotherapeutics based on graphene quantum dots have been acknowledged with
much gratitude in the bioscience field and investigation applications because of their distinguishing
chemical and physical properties, such as medicine delivery, biosensors, and bioimaging for
the advancement invention of disease.

Conclusion:
This paper analyzes the potential applications of graphene quantum dots for the
modified and desired release of antitumor drugs. Also, it shows graphene quantum dots' capability
to functionalize in the companionship of hyaluronic acid that operates regarding cancer cell
directing matrix in bioimaging and multimodal therapy.
Development and Evaluation of a Novel Hyaluronic Acid and
Chitosan-modified Phytosome for Co-delivery of Oxymatrine and
Glycyrrhizin for Combination Therapy
Authors: Chen Xiaojin , Yu Shuying , Wang Pingping , Zhao XinFeng , Sang Gao 
Published: February 2023

Background:
Multidrug resistance (MDR) of cancer cells is a major obstacle to efficient
cancer chemotherapy. Combination therapy is expected to enhance the anticancer effect and
reverse MDR. Numerous patents involve different kinds of nanoparticles for the co-delivery of
multiple chemotherapeutics, but the FDA has approved none.

Objective:
In this study, oxymatrine (OMT) and glycyrrhizin (GL) were co-loaded into phytosomes
as the core of nanocarriers, and the shell was cross-linked with chitosan (CS) and hyaluronic
acid (HA) with the capability for the controlled, sequential release and the targeted drug uptake

Methods:
Phospholipid complexes of OMT and GL (OGPs) were prepared by a solvent evaporation
technique and could self-assemble in an aqueous solution to form phytosomes. CS and HA
were sequentially coated on the surface of OGPs via electrostatic interactions to obtain CS coated
OGPs (CS-OGPs) and HA modified CS-OGPs (HA-CS-OGPs), respectively. The particle size and
zeta potential were measured to optimize the formulations. In vitro cytotoxicity and cellular uptake
experiments on HepG2 cells were performed to evaluate the anticancer activity.

Results:
OGPs were obtained with nano-size around 100 nm, and CS and HA coating on phytosomes
could change the particle size and surface potential. The drug loading of OMT and GL
showed that the nanocarriers could maintain a fixed ratio of 1:1. The in vitro release experiments
indicated the release of OMT and GL was pH-dependent and sequential: the release of OMT from
CS-OGPs and HA-CS-OGPs was significantly increased at pH 5.0 compared to the release at pH
7.4, while GL exhibited sustained released from CS-OGPs and HA-CS-OGPs at pH 5.0. Furthermore,
in vitro cytotoxicity and cellular uptake experiments on HepG2 cells demonstrated that the
co-delivery system based on phytosomes had significant synergistic anti-tumor activities, and the
effects were enhanced by CS and HA modification.

Conclusion:
The delivery of OMT and GL via HA-CS-OGPs might be a promising treatment to
reverse MDR in cancer therapy.