bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Different peripheral expression patterns of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor in dementia with Lewy bodies and Alzheimer’s disease
Authors: Costantini E. , Carrarini C. , Borrelli P. , De Rosa M. , Calisi D. , Consoli S. , D’Ardes D. , Cipollone F. , Di Nicola M. , Onofrj M. , Reale M. , Bonanni L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The diffuse distribution of nicotinic cholinergic receptors (nAChRs) in both brain and peripheral immune cells points out their involvement in several pathological conditions. Indeed, the deregulated function of the nAChR was previously correlated with cognitive decline and neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).
The evaluation in peripheral immune cells of nAChR subtypes, which could reflect their expression in brain regions, is a prominent investigation area.

Objectives
This study aims to evaluate the expression levels of both the nAChR subunits and the main known inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with DLB and AD to better characterize their involvement in these two diseases.

Results
Higher gene expression levels of TNFα, IL6 and IL1β were observed in DLB and AD patients in comparison with healthy controls (HC). In our cohort, a reduction of nAChRα4, nAChRβ2 and nAChRβ4 was detected in both DLB and AD with respect to HC. Considering nAChR gene expressions in DLB and AD, significant differences were observed for nAChRα3, nAChRα4, nAChRβ2 and nAChRβ4 between the two groups. Moreover, the acetylcholine esterase (AChE) gene expression was significantly higher in DLB than in AD. Correlation analysis points out the relation between different nAChR subtype expressions in DLB (nAChRβ2 vs nAChRα3; nAChRα4 vs nAChRα3) and AD (nAChRα4 vs nAChRα3; nAChRα4 vs nAChRβ4; nAChRα7 vs nAChRα3; nAChRα7 vs nAChRα4).

Conclusions
Different gene expressions of both pro-inflammatory cytokines and nAChR subtypes may represent a peripheral link between inflammation and neurodegeneration. Inflammatory cytokines and different nAChRs should be valid and accurate peripheral markers for the clinical diagnosis of DLB and AD. However, although nAChRs show a great biological role in the regulation of inflammation, no significant correlation was detected between nAChR subtypes and the examined cytokines in our cohort of patients.
Intracardiac paraganglioma with a cough as the first symptom
Authors: Jingyi Cao , Qing Xue , Fan Yang , Qinqin Yang , Chengliang Cai , Fanglin Lu 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Cardiac paragangliomas (PGLs) are clinically rare, with hypertension and metabolic changes as the main symptoms. The tumor is highly related to gene mutation, and surgery is presently the effective treatment. Medical history and clinical manifestations of the patient, routine laboratory examinations and imaging examinations, and pathological examination can help the final diagnosis.

Case presentation
The present study presents a 31-year-old male patient with a left atrial mass. The initial symptom was cough. Cardiac enlargement was found during the chest X-ray. The follow-up imaging examination revealed a left atrial occupying lesion, and the possibility of malignant occupying lesions was not ruled out. The patient underwent surgical resection of the mass. The final pathological result revealed paraganglioma. The thoracic computed tomography review two months after the operation revealed that the original occupying lesion disappeared, and no new lesion was found.

Conclusions
Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are a kind of neuroendocrine tumors. PPGLs can cause secondary hypertension, and lead to a series of clinical syndromes, including myocardial injury, metabolic changes, and so on. The occurrence of PPGIs is related to gene mutation. Biochemical detection, imaging examination, and genetic testing can help diagnose. The tumor should be surgically removed as soon as possible after the diagnosis. As a functional tumor, PPGLs should be fully prepared before surgery to avoid anesthesia and huge fluctuations in blood pressure during and after surgery, or the occurrence of fatal hypertensive crisis and intractable hypotension after tumor resection. Adequate preoperative preparation directly affects the prognosis of patients after surgery. Therefore, multidisciplinary cooperation before, during, and after the operation is extremely important.
Usefulness of procalcitonin at admission as a risk-stratifying biomarker for 50-day in-hospital mortality among patients with community-acquired bloodstream infection: an observational cohort study
Authors: Oussalah Abderrahim , Callet Jonas , Manteaux Anne-Elisabeth , Thilly Nathalie , Jay Nicolas , Guéant Jean-Louis , Lozniewski Alain 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To assess the association between plasma procalcitonin concentration at hospital admission and the risk of 50-day in-hospital mortality among patients with community-acquired bloodstream infections.

Methods
We carried out a retrospective, observational cohort study with all consecutive patients with bacteriologically confirmed community-acquired bloodstream infections hospitalized between 2006 and 2012. We aimed to assess the association between plasma procalcitonin at admission and 50-day in-hospital mortality. Patients were included in the analysis if they had undergone a blood culture test within 48 hours of hospitalization with a concomitant procalcitonin assay (time < 12 hours between the two tests). Inclusion in the study began on the day of hospital admission, and each patient was followed until death, discharge from the hospital, or last known follow-up in the 50 days following hospital admission. The endpoint was the occurrence of all-cause in-hospital mortality during the 50 days following hospital admission.

Results
During the 7-year study period, 1593 patients were admitted to one of the healthcare facilities of the University Hospital of Nancy from home or through the emergency department and had positive blood cultures and concomitant procalcitonin assays. Among the patients, 452 met the selection criteria and were analyzed. In ROC analysis, procalcitonin at baseline was significantly associated with 50-day in-hospital mortality, with an optimal threshold > 4.24 ng/mL. A baseline procalcitonin > 4.24 ng/mL was independently associated with an increased risk of in-hospital mortality (multivariable logistic regression: odds ratio, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.57–4.25; P = 0.0002; Cox proportional hazard regression: hazard ratio, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.30–3.11; P = 0.002). In sensitivity analyses, baseline procalcitonin quartiles were independently associated with 50-day in-hospital mortality (multivariable logistic regression: odds ratio, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.17–1.85; P = 0.001; Cox proportional hazard regression: hazard ratio, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.07–1.60; P = 0.008). The independent associations between baseline procalcitonin and the risk of 50-day in-hospital mortality were maintained after adjusting for C-reactive protein and sepsis status at admission.

Conclusion
Our data provide the first evidence of the usefulness of plasma procalcitonin at admission as a risk-stratifying biomarker for predicting 50-day in-hospital mortality among patients with community-acquired bloodstream infections.
Semiautomated pelvic lymph node treatment response evaluation for patients with advanced prostate cancer: based on MET-RADS-P guidelines
Authors: Liu Xiang , Zhu Zemin , Wang Kexin , Zhang Yaofeng , Li Jialun , Wang Xiangpeng , Zhang Xiaodong , Wang Xiaoying 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The evaluation of treatment response according to METastasis Reporting and Data System for Prostate Cancer (MET-RADS-P) criteria is an important but time-consuming task for patients with advanced prostate cancer (APC). A deep learning-based algorithm has the potential to assist with this assessment.

Objective
To develop and evaluate a deep learning-based algorithm for semiautomated treatment response assessment of pelvic lymph nodes.

Methods
A total of 162 patients who had undergone at least two scans for follow-up assessment after APC metastasis treatment were enrolled. A previously reported deep learning model was used to perform automated segmentation of pelvic lymph nodes. The performance of the deep learning algorithm was evaluated using the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) and volumetric similarity (VS). The consistency of the short diameter measurement with the radiologist was evaluated using Bland–Altman plotting. Based on the segmentation of lymph nodes, the treatment response was assessed automatically with a rule-based program according to the MET-RADS-P criteria. Kappa statistics were used to assess the accuracy and consistency of the treatment response assessment by the deep learning model and two radiologists [attending radiologist (R1) and fellow radiologist (R2)].

Results
The mean DSC and VS of the pelvic lymph node segmentation were 0.82 ± 0.09 and 0.88 ± 0.12, respectively. Bland–Altman plotting showed that most of the lymph node measurements were within the upper and lower limits of agreement (LOA). The accuracies of automated segmentation-based assessment were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.85–0.96), 0.91 (95% CI: 0.86–0.95) and 75% (95% CI: 0.46–0.92) for target lesions, nontarget lesions and nonpathological lesions, respectively. The consistency of treatment response assessment based on automated segmentation and manual segmentation was excellent for target lesions [K value: 0.92 (0.86–0.98)], good for nontarget lesions [0.82 (0.74–0.90)] and moderate for nonpathological lesions [0.71 (0.50–0.92)].

Conclusion
The deep learning-based semiautomated algorithm showed high accuracy for the treatment response assessment of pelvic lymph nodes and demonstrated comparable performance with radiologists.
Amyloid PET scan diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease in patients with multiple sclerosis: a scoping review study
Authors: Khalafi Mohammad , Rezaei Rashnoudi Amirmohammad , Rahmani Farzaneh , Javanmardi Pouya , Panahi Pegah , Kiani Shahvandi Hassan , Tajik Mohammadhassan , Soleimantabar Hussein , Shirbandi Kiarash 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system. This study aimed to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of a positron emission tomography (PET) scan method for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in MS patients with no clinical symptoms or early-onset AD.

Main text
To identify potentially relevant documents, we systematically searched international databases from 2000 to 2021. We abstracted data on article characteristics, ID/country, study, design, population, type of tracer, and outcomes. The primary outcomes were mean amyloid tracer standardized uptake value relative (SUVr), AD diagnosis in MS patients, and the tracer's uptake. Secondary outcomes were the megabecquerel amount of tracer and tracer side effects. Nine studies were finally entered into our research for review. Among the studies included, two studies used 18F-florbetaben, six of these used 11C-Pittsburgh compound B (11C-PiB), and in two studies (18)F‑florbetapir (18F-AV1451) was used for imaging. Data from 236 participants were included in this study (145 MS patients, 17 AD patients, 12 mild cognitive impairment patients, and 62 healthy controls).

Conclusions
PET scan, especially florbetapir-based radio traces in helping to diagnose early AD, is imperative to use an age-specific cutoff in MS patients to support AD diagnosis.
Head and neck imaging manifestations in COVID-19: collective experience of 17 months during 2nd wave of the pandemic
Authors: Gurumurthy Balasubramanian , Hiremath Rudresh , Chandrappa Anupama , Veerabhadrappa Rakesh Chowkalli , Kini Divya Vishwanatha , Kosinepalli Sai Siddartha 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
COVID-19 is well known to result in pulmonary and multiple extra-pulmonary manifestations. Among them, head and neck manifestations were commonly recognized in the 2nd wave of the pandemic. With the growing global COVID-19 burden, imaging is of utmost importance in diagnosing the disease and its related complications. The study aims to enumerate the various head and neck manifestations and their complications in COVID-19. Additionally, in sinusitis patients, the invasion was correlated with the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR).

Results
A cross-sectional observational study in which total of 78 COVID-19 cases that underwent head and neck imaging were retrospectively evaluated. The cohort included 52 males (66.7%) and 26 females (33.3%) with a mean age of 46.19 years (median = 49.0, SD = 16.47). The various head and neck manifestations included non invasive rhinosinusitis (n = 48), invasive sinusitis and its complications (n = 25), nasal septal abscess (n = 1), dacryoadenitis (n = 1), pre-septal and post-septal orbital cellulitis and its complications (n = 13), otitis media, mastoiditis and its complications (n = 6), parotitis (n = 2), neck vessel thrombosis (n = 2) and cervical lymphadenopathy (n = 3). An increase in the invasive nature of sinusitis was demonstrated among patients with comorbidities and elevated NLR.

Conclusions
Early diagnosis and management of head and neck manifestations of COVID-19 are aided by prompt imaging. It is imperative that we are armed with the knowledge of various head and neck manifestations and how they may bear semblance to other pathologies for us to ensure COVID as a differential, especially in the background of known infection.
Evaluation of health related quality of life with the use of Oswestry disability index in degenerative discogenic low back pain
Authors: El-Hady Aliaa Omar , El Molla Soad Said , Elwan Sherine Ibrahim , Ibrahim Rehab Ali 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundIntervertebral disc degeneration (IVD) is a main underlying cause for low back pain (LBP). Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) is a valuable tool used to measure patient’s low back functional outcome. Our aim is to evaluate the relation between clinical assessment of LBP and health related quality of life with the use of ODI and magnetic resonance image (MRI) findings in patients with degenerative prolapsed IVD disease.ResultThere was a significant correlation between Pfirrmann grades and ODI (p< 0.0001) and with type of disc morphology mostly protrusion (p< 0.0001) but insignificant correlation with visual analogue scale (VAS) (p= 0.198) and most of the clinical parameters (p> 0.05). There was a significant correlation between ODI and VAS (p= 0.003). Higher Pfirrmann grades were found at lower lumbosacral levels L4-5 and L5-S1.ConclusionHigher Pfirrmann grades correlated with the increased ODI. No association was found between MRI grading in lumbosacral spine with pain intensity and most of the clinical parameters among persons with discogenic LBP. Chronic LBP is widely accepted to be a multifactorial disorder that could not be contained within a single lumbar compartment. Clinician should not depend on MRI findings only in the diagnosis. History from the patient and clinical examination is particularly important to reach the final diagnosis. ODI might be convenient in achieving patient’s confidence and decreasing unnecessary investigations.
Racial Differences in Germline Genetic Testing for Prostate Cancer: A Systematic Review
Authors: Briggs Logan G. , Steele Grant L. , Qian Zhiyu Jason , Subbanna Sara , Alkhatib Khalid Y. , Labban Muhieddine , Langbein Bjoern J. , Nguyen David-Dan , Cellini Jacqueline , Kilbridge Kerry , Kibel Adam S. , Trinh Quoc-Dien , Rana Huma Q. , Cole Alexander P. 
Published: January 2023

PURPOSE: Testing for pathogenic variants can aid in oncologic risk stratification and identification of targeted therapies. Despite known disparities in access to prostate cancer (PCa) care, little has been written about access to germline genetic testing (GGT) for Black men and other historically marginalized populations. This systematic review sought to delineate racial/ethnic disparities in GGT for PCa. METHODS: This systematic review identified articles published from January 1996 through May 2021 in PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. We included studies that reported rates of GGT in men with PCa in the United States by race/ethnicity as reflective of routine clinical care or research. A narrative synthesis was performed. RESULTS: Of 4,309 unique records, 91 studies examining 50 unique study populations met inclusion criteria. Of these, four populations included men who received GGT through routine clinical care, accounting for 4,415 men (72.6% White and 7.2% Black). The other 46 populations included men who received GGT as part of a research study, accounting for 30,824 men (64.3% White and 21.6% Black). Of these 46 research populations, 19 used targeted methods to increase recruitment from a specific demographic. CONCLUSION: Most studies that report GGT rates by race/ethnicity are in research settings. Many of these studies used targeted recruitment methods and subsequently have a greater proportion of Black men than clinical and US population–based studies. Other historically marginalized populations are not well represented. There remains a knowledge gap regarding the extent of racial disparities in the use of GGT, particularly in the clinical setting.
Supporting GPs and people with hypertension to maximise medication use to control blood pressure: Protocol for a pilot cluster RCT of the MIAMI intervention
Authors: Morrissey Eimear , Murphy Andrew , Murphy Patrick , O'Grady Louise , Byrne Molly , Casey Monica , Dolan Eamon , Duane Sinead , Durand Hannah , Gillespie Paddy , Hayes Peter , Hobbins Anna , Hynes Lisa , McEvoy John William , Newell John ,   MIAMI PPI group, Molloy Gerard 
Published: January 2023

Background: Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for stroke and heart disease. Recent international guidelines have stated that 'poor adherence to treatment – in addition to physician inertia - is the most important cause of poor blood pressure control'. The MaxImising Adherence, Minimising Inertia (MIAMI) intervention, which has been developed using a systematic, theoretical, user-centred approach, aims to support general practitioners (GPs) and people with hypertension to maximise medication use, through the facilitation of adequate information exchange within consultations about long-term antihypertensive medication use and adherence skill development. The aim of the MIAMI pilot cluster randomised controlled trial (RCT) is to gather and analyse feasibility data to allow us to (1) refine the intervention, and (2) determine the feasibility of a definitive RCT. Methods: GP practices (n = 6) will be recruited and randomised to the intervention arm (n = 3) or usual care control arm (n = 3). Each practice will recruit 10 patient participants. For a patient to be eligible they must have a diagnosis of hypertension, be on two or more anti-hypertensive medications, must not be achieving recommended blood pressure levels, and be over the age of 65 years. Participants in the intervention arm will meet their GP and receive the MIAMI intervention twice over three months. Quantitative data collection will take place at baseline and three month follow up. A pilot health economic analysis and a qualitative sub-study will also be incorporated into the study. Discussion: This pilot cluster RCT of the MIAMI intervention will allow us to gather valuable acceptability and feasibility data to further refine the intervention so it optimally designed for both GP and patient use. In particular, the qualitative component will provide an insight into GP and patient experiences of using the intervention.
Assessing effects of diet alteration on selected parameters of chronically mentally ill residents of a 24-hour Nursing Home. Part 2. Effects of nutritional changes on anthropometric parameters and composition of the body.
Authors: Friedrich Mariola , Fugiel Joanna , Goluch Zuzanna , Dziaduch Izabela 
Published: January 2023

Cel pracyCelem badań było sprawdzenie, czy i na ile zmiany sposobu żywienia przekładają się na zmiany wartości parametrów antropometrycznych i skład ciała.MetodaBadaniami objęto 52 osoby przewlekle chore psychicznie. Badania antropometryczne wykonano techniką martinowską, dwukrotnie, przed i po roku od wprowadzonej korekty diety. Bezpośrednio po wykonaniu pomiarów przeprowadzano badanie składu ciała, metodą bioimpedancji BIA, w układzie tetragonalnym, przy użyciu aparatu Bodystad ®1500MDD.WynikiZmiany sposobu żywienia znalazły odbicie w istotnym obniżeniu masy ciała, wartości wskaźnika BMI i zmniejszeniu obwodu bioder u kobiet ze schizofrenią oraz istotnym wzroście wartości wskaźnika WHR u mężczyzn z grupy z innymi schorzeniami. Analiza wartości wskaźnika BMI wykazała wzrost odsetka kobiet i mężczyzn z normowagą w grupie chorych na schizofrenię oraz zmniejszenie odsetka niedożywionych kobiet i mężczyzn oraz wzrost odsetka osób z normowagą w grupie z innymi chorobami. Analiza składu ciała badanych wykazała korzystne zmiany w postaci wzrostu zawartości i odsetka beztłuszczowej masy ciała i wody oraz obniżenia zawartości i odsetka tkanki tłuszczowej w obu grupach. Zmiany te były istotne tylko u mężczyzn z grupy chorych z innymi schorzeniami i dotyczyły wzrostu zawartości beztłuszczowej masy ciała.WnioskiZmiany w sposobie żywienia sprzyjały utracie masy ciała u osób z nadwagą i otyłych. Towarzyszyły jej zmiany wartości badanych wskaźników. Zmianom ulegał również skład ciała. Polegał on na rzeczywistym obniżeniu zawartości tłuszczu w ciele, przy braku zmian zawartości beztłuszczowej masy ciała i/lub wody. U osób z niedożywieniem lub niską masą ciała, zmiany w sposobie żywienia sprzyjały poprawie staniu odżywienia.
Niejednoznaczność płciowa w wypowiedziach postaci w japońskich komiksach manga oraz w ich polskich przekładach
Authors: Dybała Paweł 
Published: January 2023

GENDER AMBIGUITY IN CHARACTERS’ STATEMENTS IN JAPANESE MANGA COMICS AND THEIR POLISH TRANSLATIONS
The aim of this paper is to analyze how creators of Japanese manga comics utilize the fact that Japanese language lacks the grammatical category of gender. The analysis is preceded by theoretical background, explaining how gender can be expressed or hinted in Japanese texts. The analysis is performed on fragments of original mangas, which are presented alongside their Polish translations and explanations of translation strategies employed to reflect the original intentions.
Lutas sociais e serviço social no Brasil face às querelas do nosso tempo
Authors: Guimarães Maria Clariça Ribeiro 
Published: January 2023

O artigo trata da relação entre conflitos de classe e demandas profissionais, tomando como referência as determinações sociais presentes no movimento contraditório da realidade. Objetiva problematizar processos e desafios postos para a construção de relações do Serviço Social com os movimentos e suas lutas desde a formação dos(as) assistentes sociais e, muito especialmente, no exercício profissional em face da demanda substantiva pela mobilização e organização dos usuários-trabalhadores. Para tanto, as reflexões e análises foram construídas a partir de revisão teórico-bibliográfica de autores do Serviço Social, com aporte na teoria e no método marxista. Buscam assinalar, que o tempo presente exige, mais do que nunca, o fortalecimento dos movimentos classistas e anticapitalistas, concluindo pela defesa da articulação dos(as) assistentes sociais com os movimentos sociais como um eixo central para avançarmos na direção do projeto ético-político profissional. Palavras-Chave: Determinações Sociais. Lutas Sociais. Serviço Social.