bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A rapid method of identifying mastitis degrees of bovines based on dielectric spectra of raw milk
Authors: Zhu Zhuozhuo , Lin Biying , Zhu Xinhua , Guo Wenchuan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBovine mastitis is the most complex and costly disease in the dairy industry worldwide. Somatic cell count (SCC) is accepted as an international standard for diagnosing mastitis in cows, but most instruments used to detect SCC are expensive, or the detection speed is very low. To develop a rapid method for identifying mastitis degree, the dielectric spectra of 301 raw milk samples at three mastitis grades, i.e., negative, weakly positive, and positive grades based on SCC, were obtained in the frequency range of 20–4500 MHz using coaxial probe technology. Variable importance in the projection method was used to select characteristic variables, and principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) were used to reduce data dimension. Linear discriminant analysis, support vector classification (SVC), and feed-forward neural network models were established to predict the mastitis degrees of cows based on 22 principal components and 24 latent variables obtained by PCA and PLS, respectively. The results showed that the SVC model with PCA had the best classification performance with an accuracy rate of 95.8% for the prediction set. The research indicates that dielectric spectroscopy technology has great potential in developing a rapid detector to diagnose mastitis in cows in situ or online.
Rewilding with the
cri
in Medieval French Texts:
Yvain
and
Mélusine
Authors: Lewis Liam 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Focusing on two medieval narratives about identity transformation,
Yvain
and
Mélusine
, this article explores areas of dialogue between medieval literary studies and current perspectives on sound and rewilding the environment. Sound studies have in recent times enabled a more expansive philosophical reflection on the intersections between language, ecology, and identity. This article uses a friction between philosophical perspectives on the French
cri
and ecological ‘acoustemology’ to illustrate such reflection. If, as contemporary ecologists suggest, rewilding is a process underscored by careful human management in order to restore landscapes back to a state of wilderness, the same can be said of moments of narrative transformation in medieval texts that are revealed through sound. How might such interpretations of texts offer ways of linking textual modes of rewilding to the transformation of human and nonhuman subjects? To conclude, the article suggests how listening to medieval texts, to their narrative pivots and the changes in the sounds they depict, modifies the way nonhuman identity is discussed in connection with medieval (and non-medieval) literature.
Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio Amplifies the Effects of Aging on Decrements in Grip Strength and Its Functional Neural Underpinnings
Authors: Dillon Kaitlyn , Goodman Zachary T , Kaur Sonya S , Levin Bonnie , McIntosh Roger 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a trans-prognostic biomarker of physiologic stress and inflammation linked to muscle weakness in older adults. Generation of grip force coincides with sustained activity in the primary sensorimotor cortex (SM1). The current study investigates whether whole-brain functional connectivity, that is, degree centrality (CD) of SM1 relates to grip strength and whether both functional measures are predicted by advancing age as a function of the NLR. A structural regression model investigated the main and interactive effects of age and NLR on grip strength and CD of SM1 in 589 adults aged 21–85 years (M = 45.87, SD = 18.06). The model including the entire sample had a good fit (χ 2(4) = 1.63, p = .804). In individuals aged 50 years and older, age predicted lower grip strength and SM1 CD as a function of increasing NLR. In a model stratified by sex, the effect of age, NLR, and their interaction on grip strength are significant for older men but not older women. Analyses support CD of SM1 at rest as a neural biomarker of grip strength. Grip and its neural underpinnings decrease with advancing age and increasing NLR in mid to late life. Age-related decrements in grip strength and functional connectivity of brain regions involved in the generation of dynamic grip appear to be accelerated as a function of systemic physiological stress and inflammation, particularly in older men.
Development and Validation of Multivariable Prediction Models for In-Hospital Death, 30-Day Death, and Change in Residence After Hip Fracture Surgery and the “Stratify-Hip” Algorithm
Authors: Goubar Aicha , Martin Finbarr C , Sackley Catherine , Foster Nadine E , Ayis Salma , Gregson Celia L , Cameron Ian D , Walsh Nicola E , Sheehan Katie J 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
To develop and validate the stratify-hip algorithm (multivariable prediction models to predict those at low, medium, and high risk across in-hospital death, 30-day death, and residence change after hip fracture).

Methods
Multivariable Fine-Gray and logistic regression of audit data linked to hospital records for older adults surgically treated for hip fracture in England/Wales 2011–14 (development n = 170 411) and 2015–16 (external validation, n = 90 102). Outcomes included time to in-hospital death, death at 30 days, and time to residence change. Predictors included age, sex, pre-fracture mobility, dementia, and pre-fracture residence (not for residence change). Model assumptions, performance, and sensitivity to missingness were assessed. Models were incorporated into the stratify-hip algorithm assigning patients to overall low (low risk across outcomes), medium (low death risk, medium/high risk of residence change), or high (high risk of in-hospital death, high/medium risk of 30-day death) risk.

Results
For complete-case analysis, 6 780 of 141 158 patients (4.8%) died in-hospital, 8 693 of 149 258 patients (5.8%) died by 30 days, and 4 461 of 119 420 patients (3.7%) had residence change. Models demonstrated acceptable calibration (observed:expected ratio 0.90, 0.99, and 0.94), and discrimination (area under curve 73.1, 71.1, and 71.5; Brier score 5.7, 5.3, and 5.6) for in-hospital death, 30-day death, and residence change, respectively. Overall, 31%, 28%, and 41% of patients were assigned to overall low, medium, and high risk. External validation and missing data analyses elicited similar findings. The algorithm is available at https://stratifyhip.co.uk.

Conclusions
The current study developed and validated the stratify-hip algorithm as a new tool to risk stratify patients after hip fracture.
How Does Financial Development Affect the Growth–Inequality Nexus? Evidence from a PCHVAR Analysis
Authors: Proaño Christian R , Peña Juan Carlos , Schnellbacher Sven 
Published: February 2023

AbstractWhile the important role of financial development for economic growth, as well as for its effect on economic inequality, has been widely acknowledged by the literature, far less attention has been put on understanding how growth and inequality may be differently influenced by alternative types of financial development. Against this background, we investigate the impact of different types of financial development on the growth–inequality nexus with a panel of 110 advanced and emerging economies and yearly data ranging from 1980 to 2016. Using the panel conditionally homogeneous vector-autoregressive (PCHVAR) model of Georgiadis (2014); Georgiadis (2012), we find that the overall level of financial development (measured by the International Monetary Fund (IMF)’s financial development index) has a significant impact on the growth–inequality nexus. Specifically, our results reveal that a higher level of overall financial development results in more equitable economic growth. Furthermore, an increase in the income share of the top 10% income earners has a significant negative impact on economic growth for low and high levels of overall financial development but is insignificant for middle levels. By looking at more disaggregated subindices of financial development, we find that economic growth increases the income share of the low 10% income earners when financial institutions and markets are deeper and financial markets are more efficient. Thus, our results call for a more differentiated view on the concept of financial development in order to derive policy measures aimed at different parts of the society.
Evaluating parallelized support vector regression and nearest neighbor regression with different input variations for estimating daily global solar radiation of the humid subtropical region in China
Authors: Yu Xiang 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIndirectly estimating global solar radiation is strongly nonlinear and needs to be addressed by machine learning. Sequentially developing a machine learning model can be very time consuming. Moreover, whether and how the exogenous meteorological, geographical and temporal variables affect regression accuracy still has not been well understood. This paper evaluates parallelized support vector regression (SVR) and nearest neighbor regression (NNR) models for estimating daily global solar radiation of the humid subtropical region in China using existing Python libraries on a multi-core central processing unit (CPU) and a graphical processing unit (GPU). Seven input variations are studied. Two variations are commonly adopted in literature, four variations contain meteorological, geographical and/or temporal features with bounded Pearson correlation coefficients (PCCs), and the other variation simply include all the available features. Experimental results demonstrate that: SVR and NNR are equally powerful for nonlinear regression, and the variation comprising features with absolute PCCs no less than 0.3 (i.e. just all the meteorological features) is able to achieve most accurate estimation; the GPU-parallelized SVR model can accelerate parameter calibration and prediction; compared with the CPU-parallelized and GPU-parallelized SVR models, the GPU-parallelized NNR model is much more efficient and rather more scalable with the increment of the number of data samples; and the CPU-parallelized NNR model consumes quite less parameter calibration time than the GPU-parallelized NNR model, owing to different methods adopted for determining distances and significant time wasted by the GPU-parallelized NNR model on repeatedly calculating required information during cross-validation.
Rational Singularities of Nested Hilbert Schemes
Authors: Ramkumar Ritvik , Sammartano Alessio 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The Hilbert scheme of points $\textrm {Hilb}^{n}(S)$ of a smooth surface $S$ is a well-studied parameter space, lying at the interface of algebraic geometry, commutative algebra, representation theory, combinatorics, and mathematical physics. The foundational result is a classical theorem of Fogarty, stating that $\textrm {Hilb}^{n}(S)$ is a smooth variety of dimension $2n$. In recent years there has been growing interest in a natural generalization of $\textrm {Hilb}^{n}(S)$, the nested Hilbert scheme$\textrm {Hilb}^{(n_{1}, n_{2})}(S)$, which parametrizes nested pairs of zero-dimensional subschemes $Z_{1} \supseteq Z_{2}$ of $S$ with $\deg Z_{i}=n_{i}$. In contrast to Fogarty’s theorem, $\textrm {Hilb}^{(n_{1}, n_{2})}(S)$ is almost always singular, and very little is known about its singularities. In this paper, we aim to advance the knowledge of the geometry of these nested Hilbert schemes. Work by Fogarty in the 70’s shows that $\textrm {Hilb}^{(n,1)}(S)$ is a normal Cohen–Macaulay variety, and Song more recently proved that it has rational singularities. In our main result, we prove that the nested Hilbert scheme $\textrm {Hilb}^{(n,2)}(S)$ has rational singularities. We employ an array of tools from commutative algebra to prove this theorem. Using Gröbner bases, we establish a connection between $\textrm {Hilb}^{(n,2)}(S)$ and a certain variety of matrices with an action of the general linear group. This variety of matrices plays a central role in our work, and we analyze it by various algebraic techniques, including the Kempf–Lascoux–Weyman technique of calculating syzygies, square-free Gröbner degenerations, and the Stanley–Reisner correspondence. Along the way, we also obtain results on classes of irreducible and reducible nested Hilbert schemes, dimension of singular loci, and $F$-singularities in positive characteristic.
Interoperability with multiple Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR®) profiles and versions
Authors: Kramer Mark A , Moesel Chris 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective
To provide a method for evaluating the interoperability of Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR®) clients and servers supporting different FHIR resources, profiles, and versions, and to determine the feasibility of FHIR servers supporting multiple FHIR Implementation Guides (IGs).

Materials and Methods
A method of analysis, the FHIR Interoperability Table (FHIT), is proposed. The FHIT involves the concept of a “catchment,” the type or category of data that a profile is intended to represent. The solution first aligns sender and/or receiver profiles according to their catchments, then determines the relationship between the admittances of those profiles, and finally interprets the relationship in terms of the feasibility of data exchange.

Results
The FHIT method is demonstrated by analyzing the FHIR-based exchange between the US Core IG and the International Patient Summary IG.

Discussion
The last few years have witnessed a significant growth in Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR), resulting in several major versions of FHIR, hundreds of IGs, and thousands of FHIR profiles. Previous work and available tools have not fully addressed the problem of interoperability between clients and servers that support different FHIR resources, profiles, and versions.

Conclusion
Application of the proposed methodology allows interoperability problems in FHIR networks to be identified. In some cases, new profiles that resolve those conflicts can be derived, using intersections of the original profiles. There is a need for additional tools that implement the proposed method, as well as structured methods for expressing catchments in FHIR profiles.
Ventral-inlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty in a 44-year old female patient with recurrent urethral stricture
Authors: Burkhardt Orlando , Schmid Hans-Peter , Engeler Daniel , Zumstein Valentin 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Female urethral stricture is a rare manifestation of bladder outlet obstruction in women. According to the current guidelines of the European Association of Urology, urethral dilatation should be offered as first line treatment. Intermittent self-dilatation (ISD) in case of recurrence is recommended. However, if patients wish definitive surgical treatment or are not able to perform ISD, urethroplasty can be considered. So far, there are little data available on urethroplasty in female patients. We present a case of a 44-year old female patient with a postoperative urethral stricture who underwent ventral-inlay buccal mucosal graft urethroplasty due to inability to perform ISD.
Half-quantized helical hinge currents in axion insulators
Authors: Gong Ming , Liu Haiwen , Jiang Hua , Chen Chui-Zhen , Xie X-C 
Published: February 2023

ABSTRACTFractional quantization can emerge in noncorrelated systems due to the parity anomaly, while its condensed matter realization is a challenging problem. We propose that in axion insulators (AIs), parity anomaly manifests a unique fractional boundary excitation: the half-quantized helical hinge currents. These helical hinge currents microscopically originate from the lateral Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift of massless side-surface Dirac electrons that are totally reflected from the hinges. Meanwhile, due to the presence of the massive top and bottom surfaces of the AI, the helical current induced by the GH shift is half-quantized. The semiclassical wave packet analysis uncovers that the hinge current has a topological origin and its half quantization is robust to parameter variations. Lastly, we propose an experimentally feasible six-terminal device to identify the half-quantized hinge channels by measuring the nonreciprocal conductances. Our results advance the realization of the half-quantization and topological magnetoelectric responses in AIs.
Burned Out, Engaged, Both, or Neither? Exploring Engagement and Burnout Profiles among Social Workers in Spain
Authors: Lombardero-Posada Xoán M , Murcia-Álvarez Evelia , Aguiar-Fernández Francisco J , Méndez-Fernández Ana B , González-Fernández Antonio 
Published: February 2023

AbstractFew studies have analyzed the existence of homogeneous groups (profiles) in burnout and engagement among professionals, and none in social workers. This study with 448 social workers from Spain mainly examined their profiles in burnout and engagement and the characteristics of each profile in relevant job-related variables. Cluster analyses yielded four distinct profiles: the first, Burned Out, showed high burnout and low engagement; the second, Engaged, exhibited the inverse pattern with low burnout and high engagement; the third, Both, displayed simultaneously high burnout and high engagement; the fourth, Neither, showed low burnout and low engagement. The profiles also differed greatly in work-related variables: job demands (i.e., workload and work-–family conflict), job resources (i.e., support from supervisor and coworkers), personal resources (i.e., psychological detachment and relaxation), and outcomes (i.e., intrinsic job satisfaction and intent to leave). The findings support interventions, individual and organizational, tailored to the characteristics of different groups to boost engagement and decrease burnout and turnover.
Nitric Oxide Regulates theRalstonia solanacearumType III Secretion System
Authors: Hendrich Connor G. , Truchon Alicia N. , Dalsing Beth L. , Allen Caitilyn 
Published: February 2023

Ralstonia solancearum causes bacterial wilt disease on diverse plant hosts. R. solanacearum cells enter a host from soil or infested water through the roots, then multiply and spread in the water-transporting xylem vessels. Despite the low nutrient content of xylem sap, R. solanacearum grows very well inside the host, using denitrification to respire in this hypoxic environment. R. solanacearum growth in planta also depends on the successful deployment of protein effectors into host cells via a type III secretion system (T3SS). The T3SS is absolutely required for R. solanacearum virulence, but it is metabolically costly and can trigger host defenses. Thus, the pathogen's success depends on optimized regulation of the T3SS. We found that a byproduct of denitrification, the toxic free-radical nitric oxide (NO), positively regulates the R. solanacearum T3SS both in vitro and in planta. Using chemical treatments and R. solanacearum mutants with altered NO levels, we show that the expression of a key T3SS regulator, hrpB, is induced by NO in culture. Analyzing the transcriptome of R. solanacearum responding to varying levels of NO both in culture and in planta revealed that the T3SS and effectors were broadly upregulated with increasing levels of NO. This regulation was specific to the T3SS and was not shared by other stressors. Our results suggest that R. solanacearum may experience an NO-rich environment in the plant host and that this NO contributes to the activation of the T3SS during infection.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license .
A Modified Reverse Planning Method for Correction of Distal Femoral Valgus Deformity: Surgical Technique and Early Results
Authors: Iobst Christopher A. , Bafor Anirejuoritse 
Published: February 2023

Background:
A reverse planning method is an option for distal femur deformity correction. However, the accuracy of the technique hinges on the precision of the initial guidewire placement. This study describes a modification to the reverse planning method designed to simplify the surgical procedure for retrograde femoral nailing to correct valgus deformities. The steps of the surgical technique and the early results are presented.

Materials and Methods:
After IRB approval, patients with distal femoral valgus deformity treated with retrograde nails using the modified reverse planning method were identified. Data obtained retrospectively included basic demographics, pre and postsurgery mechanical lateral distal femoral angle, the magnitude of limb length discrepancy if present, the duration of surgery, and the occurrence of any complications.

Results:
We analyzed 17 limbs in 15 patients (10 females). The mean age at surgery was 18 years. Four patients had an additional limb length discrepancy (mean value of 2.8 ± 0.9 cm). The mean pre and postoperative mechanical lateral distal femoral angle was 83 degrees and 90 degrees, respectively (P < 0.0001). The mean duration of surgery was 90 minutes.

Conclusions:
This study demonstrates that the modified reverse planning concept can be applied successfully to achieve accurate correction and healing of distal femoral valgus deformities. Furthermore, by adjusting the level of the osteotomy, this modified approach simplifies the surgical technique in several ways: (1) it creates a reproducible visual cue for the surgeon, (2) it decreases the surgical time by eliminating the need for fixator assistance, and (3) it reduces the need for multiple coronal planes blocking screws.