bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Thoracoscopic Lobectomy for Right Upper Bronchial Atresia Combined With an Azygos Lobe of the Right Lower Lobe in an Infant Patient: A Case Report of a Rare Condition
Authors: Nishida Nanako , Yano Keisuke , Tabata Yumiko , Kedoin Chihiro , Nagano Ayaka , Harumatsu Toshio , Tsuruno Yudai , Murakami Masakazu , Sugita Koshiro , Onishi Shun , Yamada Koji , Yamada Waka , Kawano Takafumi , Ieiri Satoshi 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBronchial atresia (BA) and azygos lobe (AL) are rare congenital pulmonary abnormalities in pediatric patients. We herein report an infantile case of BA combined with AL that was treated with thoracoscopic surgery. The patient was an 8‐month‐old boy who was preoperatively diagnosed with BA of the right upper lobe (RUL) combined with an AL using fetal magnetic resonance imaging and postnatal enhanced computed tomography. Thoracoscopic surgery using indocyanine green (ICG)‐guided near‐infrared fluorescence (NIRF) was performed for BA of the RUL. In the operative findings, the upper lobe bronchus was not recognized, and the pulmonary vessels of the RUL were confirmed using ICG‐guided NIRF. The AL was connected to the right lower lobe (RLL). Partial RLL, including AL resection, was performed after RUL resection to prevent postoperative infections and torsion. The postoperative course was uneventful. Thoracoscopic surgery using ICG‐guided NIRF was safely performed in an infant with a rare condition.
Effects of graded levels Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi) on growth performance, serum biochemical indices, meat quality, and caecal microbiota and metabolite in yellow‐feathered broilers
Authors: Ju Ying , Qi Liangliang , Hu Yongqiang , Huang Liling , Li Liying , Luo Yi , Shi Xiaoguang , Liu Xuzhou , Jiang Mingguo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (CRP), is the aged peel of Citrus fruit, which contains phenols, flavonoids, and polysaccharides. This study aims to investigate dietary CRP supplementation on the growth performance, serum biochemical indices, meat quality, intestinal morphology, microbiota, and metabolite of yellow‐feathered broilers. A total of 240 yellow‐feathered broilers (1.00 ± 0.22 kg, 9 weeks old) were randomly allotted into 4 treatments feeding a basal diet (control), the basal diet containing antibiotics (positive control), and the control diet containing 1.5% and 3% CRP, respectively. At the end of a 56‐day trial, one broiler from each replicate was selected, and samples of ileal tissue and cecal digesta were collected to analyze intestinal morphology, microbial composition, and metabolites. The results revealed that 3% CRP decreased average daily feed intake (ADFI), serum total cholesterol (TC), and low‐density lipoprotein (LDL). The CRP supplementation could increase serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) and meat pH. Broilers fed CRP had elevated antioxidant and liquid‐regulated metabolites. Together, the results suggested that incorporating a moderate level of CRP has a minor impact on growth performance and could benefit health to some extent by enhancing antioxidants, regulating serum liquid, and changing microbial composition and metabolites.
Performance of the accelerated assessment of the European Medicines Agency
Authors: Del Grosso Vittorio , Perini Martina , Casilli Giorgio , Costa Enrico , Boscaro Valentina , Miglio Gianluca , Genazzani Armando A. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsIn Europe, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) has an accelerated pathway to prioritize approval of medicines. Approved drugs are then assessed by Health Technology Assessment (HTA) bodies before being made available to patients. The aim of the study was to evaluate the characteristics of the drugs admitted to the EMA accelerated assessment (AA) and scrutinize the downstream HTA procedures regarding these medicines and the final assessment regarding added therapeutic value (ATV).MethodsRegulatory publicly available documents were scrutinized for all medicines authorized by the EMA between 2019 and 2021 to create a regulatory database. A second database was created by extracting data of the medicines that had requested the EMA accelerated pathway from three national HTA bodies (AIFA, HAS and G‐BA).ResultsStandard assessments by the EMA had a median of 364 days while AAs were significantly shorter (189 days). Only 12 out of 164 authorized medicines were assessed in this manner. Small chemical entities had a significantly lower chance of being assessed under the AA, while biological and PRIME scheme medicines had a higher chance; AA had a higher chance of leading to authorizations under exceptional circumstances. These 12 products were assessed more quickly compared to other products by HTA bodies, although this did not always lead to decisions of major ATV over alternatives.ConclusionsA minority of medicinal products are assessed under the accelerated pathway. HTA bodies also assess these products more quickly, but do not always perceive an important clinical advantage over alternatives.
The Impairment Argument's Coup de Grâce
Authors: Samuel Braylen 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAccording to Hendricks Impairment Argument (IA), abortion is immoral because it impairs the fetus. Here, I argue it is not sufficient to show merely that abortion impairs, Hendricks must show that it harms the fetus. If the fetus is not numerically identical to the person it will become, then it isn't harmed by an abortion. But if the fetus is numerically identical to the person it will become, it is harmed by the deprivation of a future of value. However, taking this route ultimately undermines the novelty of the impairment argument.
Your Teeth, You Are in Control: A Process Evaluation of the Implementation of a Cognitive Behavioural Therapy Intervention for Reducing Child Dental Anxiety
Authors: Kettle Jennifer , Porritt Jenny , Baker Sarah R. , Rodd Helen , Cross Elizabeth , Marshman Zoe 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimTo explore the views of patients, caregivers, and dental professionals on the factors that influence implementation, processes, and effectiveness of a guided self‐help cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) intervention, ‘Your teeth, you are in control’ (YTYAIC), in the CALM trial.MethodsSemi‐structured interviews were conducted as part of this qualitative component of the process evaluation, and data were analysed using a framework approach based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) and the Five Areas Model of CBT.ResultsThirty‐seven participants were recruited. Potential mechanisms of action were identified using the Five Areas Model of CBT. Participants felt the intervention may exert change through targeting unhelpful thoughts and feelings (e.g., building trust and perceptions of control) and behaviours (e.g., encouraging effective communication and coping strategies) and facilitating a more positive situational context (e.g., developing more supportive relationships). Enablers (e.g., adaptability, design and delivery) and barriers (e.g., time/resource constraints, cost) to implementation were identified using the CFIR.ConclusionsThis study revealed multiple potential mechanisms of action which could reduce dental anxiety and examined how implementation and contextual factors may influence this change process. The results of the research revealed that the intervention could be implemented in primary dental care and identified the potential barriers which should be addressed to aid successful implementation of the intervention in real world contexts.Trial RegistrationThis clinical trial has been registered with an international registry and has been allocated an International Standard Randomised Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN27579420)
Real‐world retrospective study in elderly patients aged 65 years and older with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with daily oral semaglutide (SEMA‐elderly)
Authors: Fiore Vincenzo , Carbotta Giovanni , Barraco Sonia , Falasca Paolo , Aricò Concetta Nadia , Barucca Alessandra 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimThis real‐world, retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the efficacy, safety and tolerability of oral semaglutide—the first GLP‐1 receptor agonist available in oral form—in patients aged 65 years and older with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Materials and MethodsThe primary endpoint was the change in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) from baseline (V1) to six months (V3). Secondary endpoints included change in body weight, proportion of patients achieving HbA1c <7%, proportion of patients achieving both an HbA1c reduction of ≥1% and a body weight reduction of ≥5%. Exploratory endpoints were also assessed, including evaluations at three months (V2).ResultsOne hundred and one patients (mean age 74.7 ± 6.1 years) started oral semaglutide treatment. Mean HbA1c decreased significantly from V1 to V3 (change: −0.44%, p < 0.001), with reductions already evident at V2. The proportion of patients achieving an HbA1c ≤7% increased from 36.6% at V1 to 61.7% at V3. At V3, 9.6% of patients achieved an HbA1c reduction of ≥1% and a weight loss of ≥5%. Body weight decreased from a baseline mean of 76.8–73.7 kg at V3 (p < 0.001). Body mass index, waist circumference, total cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol and systolic blood pressure decreased significantly from V1 to V3, with changes already evident at V2. Eleven patients (10.9%) reported adverse events. Seven patients (6.9%) discontinued treatment.ConclusionOral semaglutide effectively improves glycaemic control and weight management in elderly patients with T2DM while improving lipid and cardiovascular parameters and proving to be safe and well tolerated.
Impact of a very low‐calorie ketogenic diet on metabolic and microbiota outcomes in post‐bariatric patients and bariatric‐Naïve individuals: A comparative pilot study
Authors: Ernesti Ilaria , Massari Maria Chiara , Cipriani Fiammetta , Masi Davide , Glaser Krzysztof , Genco Martina , Tuccinardi Dario , Lubrano Carla , Mariani Stefania , Angeloni Antonio , Gnessi Lucio , Basciani Sabrina , Watanabe Mikiko 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAimsTo date, bariatric surgery (BS) is the most effective long‐term treatment for obesity, but weight regain (WR) is common. The very low‐calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) is effective for weight loss and may influence gut microbiota (GM) composition, but it has been scarcely evaluated in post‐bariatric patients. This study compared the efficacy and safety of a VLCKD in patients with WR post‐bariatric surgery (BS+) and in bariatric surgery‐naïve patients (BS‐).MethodsIn this prospective, case–control study, 33 patients (15 BS+, 18 BS‐) underwent an 8‐week‐long VLCKD. Outcomes included weight loss, metabolic profile, safety and GM composition.ResultsBoth groups achieved significant weight loss (BS+: −6.9%, BS‐: −8.3%), but the BS+ group showed slightly less metabolic improvement, particularly in insulin resistance and triglycerides. GM composition differed at baseline, reflecting the lasting effects of BS, and VLCKD led to significant changes in both groups. Microbial diversity and specific taxonomic shifts were more pronounced in BS‐ patients. Mild renal function changes were noted in BS+ patients, though these remained within clinically acceptable ranges.ConclusionVLCKD is effective in both BS+ and BS‐ patients, though metabolic and microbial responses may be less robust post‐surgery, possibly due to anatomical and physiological changes. Tailored approaches may be therefore needed to optimize outcomes in post‐bariatric patients.
Metabolic encephalopathy associated with uraemic syndrome and hyperammonaemia in a horse presenting with renal failure
Authors: Fernandes T. , Robin M. 
Published: January 2025

SummaryA 3‐year‐old racing Arabian mare was admitted to the hospital with a 5‐day history of muscle pain, lethargy and anorexia. The mare arrived at the hospital with marked neurological abnormalities, dehydration and melaena. Investigation revealed severe azotaemia, acute renal failure, hyperammonaemia and evidence of recent myopathy. Therapeutic objectives were the correction of fluid deficiencies and restoration of normal renal function and urine production. The mare responded rapidly to treatment and was discharged after 12 days, before going on to race the following year. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of survival of a case of acute renal failure with metabolic encephalopathy associated with hyperammonaemia and uraemic syndrome in the horse. Additionally, the case had symptoms of GI disease consistent with uraemic damage to the intestine.
Enhancing Security and Performance in Live VM Migration: A Machine Learning‐Driven Framework With Selective Encryption for Enhanced Security and Performance in Cloud Computing Environments
Authors: Haris Raseena M. , Barhamgi Mahmoud , Badawy Ahmed , Nhlabatsi Armstrong , Khan Khaled M. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTLive virtual machine (LVM) migration is pivotal in cloud computing for its ability to seamlessly transfer virtual machines (VMs) between physical hosts, optimise resource utilisation, and enable uninterrupted service. However, concerns persist regarding safeguarding sensitive data during migration, particularly in critical sectors like healthcare, banking and military operations. Existing migration methods often compromise between performance and data security, prompting the need for a balanced solution. To address this, we propose a novel framework merging machine learning with selective encryption to fortify the pre‐copy live migration process. Our approach intelligently predicts optimal migration times while selectively encrypting sensitive data, ensuring confidentiality and integrity without compromising performance. Rigorous experiments demonstrate its effectiveness, showcasing an average 51.82% reduction in downtime and an average 72.73% decrease in total migration time across diverse workloads. This integration of selective encryption not only bolsters security but also optimises migration metrics, presenting a robust solution for uninterrupted service delivery in critical cloud computing domains.
Additively Manufactured Scalmalloy via Laser Powder Bed Fusion (L‐PBF): Temperature‐Dependent Tensile and Fatigue Behaviors
Authors: Khan Md Faysal , Ghiaasiaan Reza , Gradl Paul R. , Shao Shuai , Shamsaei Nima 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThis study characterized the micro‐/defect‐structure of laser powder bed fused (L‐PBF) Scalmalloy and investigated its mechanical behavior across a wide temperature range. Hot isostatic pressing effectively reduced defect content while maintaining similar microstructure and room temperature tensile properties to stress relief condition; thus, it was applied to all specimens. Tensile and strain‐controlled fatigue (fully reversed at 0.005, 0.003, 0.002, and 0.001 mm/mm amplitudes) tests were conducted from cryogenic (−195°C) to elevated temperatures (up to 400°C for tensile and 200°C for fatigue). Tensile strength decreased gradually until 100°C and then sharply at 200°C due to excessive grain boundary sliding. Fatigue resistance was consistent across temperatures at the highest strain amplitude (0.005 mm/mm) but reduced significantly at 200°C and intermediate amplitudes of 0.003 and 0.002 mm/mm. At the lowest amplitude (0.001 mm/mm), fatigue life depended more on crack‐initiating defect size than temperature.
Refining bone marrow ablation and reconstitution in mice
Authors: Hawkins Penny , Dooley James , Rodda Jessica , Gilbert Colin 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis report presents findings from a group of UK‐based researchers with expertise in the use of animal models for bone marrow ablation and reconstitution. The primary aim is to facilitate the implementation of the Three Rs (Replacement, Reduction and Refinement), with an emphasis on refinement. Bone marrow ablation and reconstitution procedures are performed for a number of different purposes and conducted predominantly in mice. These procedures can induce significant suffering, classified as "severe", Category E or Category D/E under European, US and Canadian legislation, respectively. Although severity categorization is not mandated in countries such as Australia and New Zealand, legislation still requires that the level of animal suffering must be minimized to the greatest extent possible. This report identifies specific animal welfare issues and proposes practical measures aimed at reducing both animal use and suffering.
24‐Epibrassinolide Improves Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Tolerance to Alkaline Salt Stress by Regulating Antioxidant Defence and Photosynthetic Properties
Authors: Wang Yong , Zhang Ruyan , Wang Xingxing , Jiao Shujuan , Zhang Weina , Kang Yichen , Li Ming , Xie Jiali , Yang Xinyu , Liu Yuhui , Qin Shuhao 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAlkaline salt stress, as a more diverse stress, severely affects the growth and development of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and leads to yield reduction. Brassinosteroids have been shown to regulate plant growth and play an essential role under environmental stress. However, the physiological responses by which brassinosteroids confer alkaline salt stress tolerance in potato remain unclear. We used potato ‘Atlantic’ as experimental material. The effects of 0.01, 0.1, 1 and 10 μmol·L−1 of 24‐epibrassinolide (EBR) on the physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of potato under alkaline salt stress (300 mmol·L−1 NaHCO3) were studied. The results showed that exogenous EBR increased the antioxidant enzyme activities, increased the content of osmoregulatory substances and decreased the production of peroxidation products in potato leaves under alkaline salt stress. EBR treatment improved the photosynthetic characteristics by accumulating more photosynthetic pigments. This was manifested by an increase in net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance, and a decrease in intercellular carbon dioxide concentration. In addition, exogenous EBR increased the maximal quantum yield of photosystem II photochemistry and the effective PSII quantum yield of potato PSII under alkaline salt stress and ultimately increased yield. Potato tuber yield was significantly increased by 27.31% and 29.17% in T4 treatment compared to T1 in 2022 and 2023, respectively. Cluster and correlation analyses further demonstrated the beneficial effects of exogenous EBR on physiology, photosynthetic characteristics and potato yield under alkaline salt stress. In conclusion, exogenous EBR can enhance the tolerance of potato to alkaline salt stress by improving the antioxidant system and photosynthesis.
Reproducibility and Reliability of Intraoral Scanners for Evaluating Peri‐Implant Tissues and Implant‐Supported Prostheses: A Cross‐Sectional Study
Authors: Braun Dorian , Chappuis Vivianne , Fonseca Manrique , Raabe Clemens , Suter Valérie G.A. , Couso‐Queiruga Emilio 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTObjectiveTo assess the reproducibility and reliability of the pink (PES) and white esthetic scores (WES) using digital images and the intra‐ and inter‐examiner agreement among different clinical backgrounds and assessment methods.Material and MethodsStandardized intraoral images were obtained from adult subjects with an implant‐supported single‐tooth fixed dental prosthesis located in the maxillary esthetic zone using a digital camera and a true‐color intraoral scanner. According to the PES and WES criteria, the images were evaluated by 20 calibrated evaluators, 5 prosthodontists, 5 periodontists, 5 undergraduates, and 5 oral surgeons.ResultsThe total number of individual PES and WES was 12600 and 9000, respectively. Similar PES and WES values were obtained with the intraoral scanner compared to the digital camera. Intra‐ and inter‐rater variations were observed between and within evaluators' clinical backgrounds, with periodontists showing consistently lower mean PES and WES. The intraclass correlation coefficient ranges between 0.41 to 0.61 for the PES and 0.42 to 0.69 for the WES, resulting in fair to good agreement in both digital methods.ConclusionThe digital assessment of the peri‐implant tissues and implant‐supported prostheses utilizing images provided by an intraoral scanner offers a reproducible and reliable digital method comparable with the digital camera.Clinical SignificanceThis study highlights the reliability and reproducibility of using intraoral scanners for evaluating peri‐implant tissues and implant‐supported prostheses. The findings suggest that intraoral scanners are a viable digital alternative to traditional digital imaging for these assessments. However, the observed intra‐ and inter‐rater variations in pink and white esthetic scores, according to the clinical background of evaluators, emphasize the need for caution when interpreting these values in clinical decision‐making and research.
Classifying and Characterising Unmet Integrated Care Needs of Older Adults With Multimorbidity: A Latent Profile Analysis
Authors: Wu Jingjie , Xue Erxu , Liu Chunbo , Shao Jing , Fu Yujia , Zhao Binyu , Chen Dandan , Zhang Hui , Ye Zhihong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTAimsTo classify the unmet integrated care needs of older adults with multimorbidity and to explore the factors associated with different categories of unmet integrated care needs among the target population.DesignA cross‐sectional survey using the statistical method of latent profile analysis.MethodsFrom July 2022 to March 2023, 397 older adults with multimorbidity, aged 60 years or older, were recruited from one primary healthcare setting and from four secondary and tertiary hospitals to participate in face‐to‐face questionnaire surveys. The questionnaire used in this study to assess unmet integrated care needs among older adults with multimorbidity was self‐designed through a series of steps, including a scoping review, expert consultation and cognitive interviews. Latent profile analysis was applied to uncover distinct profiles of unmet integrated care needs, and multinomial logistic regression was employed to explore whether the profiles were further distinguished by participants' sociodemographic and health‐related covariates. The data were analysed using IBM SPSS v.29.0 and Mplus v.8.0.ResultsThe optimal solution was a four‐profile model, characterised by high unmet integration needs, high unmet system integration needs, low unmet system integration needs and low unmet integration needs, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression results indicated that profile differences were associated with place of residence, number of coresidents and the presence or absence of complex multimorbidity.ConclusionThe integrated care needs of older adults with multimorbidity have not yet been fully met. Classifying and characterising unmet integrated care needs profiles is a crucial step in the rational allocation of integrated care resources.Reporting MethodThis study was reported based on the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) for cross‐sectional studies.Patient or Public ContributionAll participants were older adults with multimorbidity, and they were informed that they could withdraw from the study at any time.