bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Dermoid sinus with distal dilation, meningocele and spina bifida in an English bulldog
Authors: Taylor‐Brown Frances 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA 1‐year‐old, male, entire English bulldog presented for progressive paraparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography revealed a dermoid sinus with distal dilation, meningocele and spina bifida. The lesion was successfully surgically resected, and histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of a dermoid sinus enveloped with dura mater. This case adds to the literature on dermoid sinuses and demonstrates that there can be variations within the classically described types of dermoid sinus.
Autonoesis and episodicity: Perspectives from philosophy of memory
Authors: Sant’Anna André , Michaelian Kourken , Andonovski Nikola 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe idea that episodic memory is distinguished from semantic memory by the fact that it involves autonoetic consciousness, initially introduced by Tulving, has been influential not only in psychology but also in philosophy, where a variety of approaches to autonoesis and to its relationship to episodicity have been developed. This article provides a critical review of the available philosophical approaches. Distinguishing among representational, metacognitive, and epistemic accounts of autonoesis, it considers these in relation to objective and subjective conceptions of episodicity and assesses them against immediacy and source criteria that any philosophical account of autonoesis should arguably aim to satisfy.This article is categorized under:
Philosophy > Psychological Capacities
Philosophy > Consciousness
Psychology > Memory
Short Review of Biodiesel Production by the Esterification/Transesterification of Wastewater Containing Fats Oils and Grease (FOGs)
Authors: Ahmed Rawaz A. , Huddersman Katherine 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNowadays, the transformation of biomass into valuable chemicals and fuels through thermochemical, biochemical or even mixed technologies, is becoming increasingly popular and challenging. A promising solution for the near future is the substitution of non-renewable fossil fuels with a sustainable liquid feedstock for biofuel (biodiesel) production. The cost of conventional biodiesel production is higher than that of petroleum-based diesel production since it is produced mostly from expensive high-quality virgin oil. Conventionally, commercial biodiesel is produced via liquid base-catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides components of oil/fat with short-chain alcohols. It is that about 70–80% of the overall biodiesel production cost is associated with the cost of raw materials. Brown grease (with free fatty acid levels > 15%) is created from rendered trap waste and is known as Fats, Oils, and Greases (FOGs), it is a potential source of biodiesel feedstocks and is available at no cost. Many researchers are interested in using low-cost high Free Fatty Acid (FFA) oils as the feedstock for biodiesel production. This paper reviews the effect of feedstock pre-treatment and process parameters on the conversion of FOGs-wastewater to biodiesel by esterification-transesterification process.
External Context-Related Research: Digital Resources as Transformers of the Mathematics Teachers’ Context
Authors: Gueudet Ghislaine , Pepin Birgit 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this chapter we investigate the evolution of research in mathematics education related to digital resources as an essential element of the external context for mathematics teachers’ professional activity. In the relevant research literature, we identified different themes and different kinds of evolution. We investigate the evolution of research with respect to educational policies related to digital resources, and to teacher integration of digital resources, including digital assessment. We also analyze the evolution of research concerning the quality of digital curriculum resources, and discuss emerging research questions related to mathematics and programming; to collective dimensions of teachers’ work with digital resources; and about the COVID-19 pandemic consequences. The different kinds of research developments are a result of evolution in the external context, or from more general trends in the research in mathematics education. We finally discuss possible directions for future research.
Wald entropy in Kaluza-Klein black holes
Authors: Gómez-Fayrén Carmen , Meessen Patrick , Ortín Tomás , Zatti Matteo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe study the thermodynamics of the 4-dimensional electrically charged black-hole solutions of the simplest 5-dimensional Kaluza-Klein theory using Wald’s formalism. We show how the electric work term present in the 4-dimensional first law of black-hole thermodynamics arises in the purely gravitational 5-dimensional framework. In particular, we find an interesting geometric interpretation of the 4-dimensional electrostatic potential similar to the angular velocity in rotating black holes. Furthermore, we show how the momentum map equation arises from demanding compatibility between the timelike Killing vector of the black-hole solution and the spatial Killing vector of the 5-dimensional background.
Hunter-gatherer farming during the first millennium bce in inland, boreal landscapes: new pollen analytical and archaeological evidence from Dalarna, central Sweden
Authors: Wehlin Joakim , Ljunge Magnus O. , Larsson Petter I. , Eddudóttir Sigrún Dögg , Ekblom Anneli , Eriksson Jemt Anna 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe archaeological evidence of a sedentary hunter-gatherer society during the early metal ages, i.e. the first and second millennia bce, in the central Scandinavian boreal inlands has previously been overlooked. In order to gain a deeper understanding of these past societies we have combined archaeological data with landscape-scale changes based on pollen records. The combined record clearly indicates landscape use characterized by domestication strategies that started during the Late Bronze Age ca. 1000 bce and further intensified during the Early Iron Age. Indications of cultivation of plants, as well as possible burning practices to clear shrub and forest, clearly show that arable farming and grazing were practiced in the area earlier than had previously been assumed. The farming economy seems to have involved mainly small scale arable farming. Fishing and hunting continued to be important, but the investment in the landscape shown by both pitfall systems and agriculture also express a domestication that would have required settled presence.
On the limit distribution of the power function induced by a design prior
Authors: De Santis Fulvio , Gubbiotti Stefania 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe hybrid frequentist-Bayesian approach to sample size determination is based on the expectation of the power function of a test with respect to a design prior for the unknown parameter value. In clinical trials this quantity is often called probability of success (PoS). Determination of the limiting value of PoS as the number of observations tends to infinity, that is crucial for well defined sample size criteria, has been considered in previous articles. Here, we focus on the asymptotic behavior of the whole distribution of the power function induced by the design prior. Under mild conditions, we provide asymptotic results for the three most common classes of hypotheses on a scalar parameter. The impact of the design parameters choice on the distribution of the power function and on its limit is discussed.
Embedded adaptive fractional-order sliding mode control based on TSK fuzzy system for nonlinear fractional-order systems
Authors: Mostafa Esraa , Elshazly Osama , El-Bardini Mohammad , El-Nagar Ahmad M. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAn adaptive fractional-order sliding mode control (AFOSMC) is proposed to control a nonlinear fractional-order system. This scheme combines the features of sliding mode control and fractional control for improving the response of nonlinear systems. The structure of AFOSMC includes two units: fractional-order sliding mode control (FOSMC) and the tuning unit that employs a certain Takagi–Sugeno–Kang fuzzy logic system for online adjusting the parameters of FOSMC. Tuning the parameters of the FOSMC improves its performance with various control problems. Moreover, stability analysis of the proposed controller is studied using Lyapunov theorem. Finally, the developed control scheme is introduced for controlling a fractional-order gyroscope system. The proposed AFOSMC is implemented practically using a microcontroller where the test is carried out using the hardware-in-the-loop simulation. The practical results indicate the improvements and enhancements introduced by the developed controller under external disturbance, uncertainties and random noise effects.
Diffuse paediatric-type high-grade glioma, H3-wildtype and IDH-wildtype: case series of a new entity
Authors: Bender Katja , Kahn Johannes , Perez Eilís , Ehret Felix , Roohani Siyer , Capper David , Schmid Simone , Kaul David 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDiffuse paediatric-type high-grade glioma, H3-wildtype and IDH-wildtype (pHGG) is a rare and aggressive brain tumor characterized by a specific DNA methylation profile. It was recently introduced in the 5th World Health Organization classification of central nervous system tumors of 2021. Clinical data on this tumor is scarce. This is a case series, which presents the first clinical experience with this entity. We compiled a retrospective case series on pHGG patients treated between 2015 and 2022 at our institution. Data collected include patients’ clinical course, surgical procedure, histopathology, genome-wide DNA methylation analysis, imaging and adjuvant therapy. Eight pHGG were identified, ranging in age from 8 to 71 years. On MRI tumors presented with an unspecific intensity profile, T1w hypo- to isointense and T2w hyperintense, with inhomogeneous contrast enhancement, often with rim enhancement. Three patients died of the disease, with overall survival of 19, 28 and 30 months. Four patients were alive at the time of the last follow-up, 4, 5, 6 and 79 months after the initial surgery. One patient was lost to follow-up. Findings indicate that pHGG prevalence might be underestimated in the elderly population.
A tale of tails: the use of Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) tails for ageing and individual identification
Authors: Hinds Rachel , Dytkowicz Margarete , Tania Marcello , Megill William M. , Rosell Frank 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWith increasing technology and knowledge, the range of methods used to monitor wildlife is growing. As many invasive techniques have been shown to negatively impact study populations, the use of non-invasive methods is increasing. With Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber) reintroductions occurring across much of Europe, monitoring of beavers is becoming increasingly important; however, some frequently used techniques are invasive. We therefore aimed to examine potentially non-invasive methods of identifying and ageing them from the tail. Tails from previously deceased beavers were photographed with a Nikon D3500 DSLR camera across 3 distances: ‘close’, ‘medium’ and ‘far’, and the pattern of the scales were examined by eye to determine accuracy of individual identification. Photographs including a grey standard were used to determine the accuracy of ageing beavers from the colour of the tail. The accuracy of individual identification was 100% across all distances; however, the results from ageing showed the method to be inaccurate. The success of the individual identification shows that this method could be effectively used as a non-invasive method for monitoring beaver populations, especially in captivity.
Evolution of the income-related gap in health with old age: evidence from 20 countries in European and Chinese panel datasets
Authors: Cheng Mengling , Sommet Nicolas , Jopp Daniela S. , Spini Dario 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSome studies show that the protective effect of higher income on health weakens with old age (age-as-leveller pattern), whereas others show that it strengthens with old age (cumulative advantage/disadvantage pattern). Many existing studies are limited in that they use single-country and/or single-timepoint designs. To overcome these limitations and better understand how the income-health gradient evolves in older age, we used cross-national and longitudinal data of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (2004–2019, N = 73,407) and the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (2011–2018, N = 10,067). We operationalised health using multimorbidity and three alternative indicators (functional disability, mobility disability, and memory). We performed Poisson growth curve modelling to capture the between-participant effects of age and the within-participant effects of aging. We obtained three consistent and robust findings for Europe (patterns were observed in most countries) and China. First, the protective effect of higher income on multimorbidity, functional disability, and mobility disability was weaker for older than for younger adults (between-participant age-as-leveller pattern). Second, only the protective effect of higher income on mobility disability weakened over the later life course (within-participant age-as-leveller pattern). Third, the protective effect of higher income on memory was stronger for older than for younger adults and strengthened over the later life course (between-participant and within-participant cumulative advantage/disadvantage pattern). Longitudinal data, growth curve modelling distinguishing the between-participant from within-participant effect, and adjustments for potential confounders based on the hypothesised causal structure enabled us to better navigate the landscape of causal inference. Findings suggest that the income-related gap in physical health but not in cognitive health narrows in old age for both Europe and China.
Approximate blocked Gibbs sampling for Bayesian neural networks
Authors: Papamarkou Theodore 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this work, minibatch MCMC sampling for feedforward neural networks is made more feasible. To this end, it is proposed to sample subgroups of parameters via a blocked Gibbs sampling scheme. By partitioning the parameter space, sampling is possible irrespective of layer width. It is also possible to alleviate vanishing acceptance rates for increasing depth by reducing the proposal variance in deeper layers. Increasing the length of a non-convergent chain increases the predictive accuracy in classification tasks, so avoiding vanishing acceptance rates and consequently enabling longer chain runs have practical benefits. Moreover, non-convergent chain realizations aid in the quantification of predictive uncertainty. An open problem is how to perform minibatch MCMC sampling for feedforward neural networks in the presence of augmented data.
Deposition and Microbial Analyses from Roof-Top Sediments Within Different Sanitation Environments
Authors: John Chukwuemeka Kingsley , Pu Jaan H. , Moruzzi Rodrigo , Hanmaiahgari Prashanth R. , Pandey Manish , Zang Shuyan , Jamei Mehdi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractSince the building roof acts as hub for atmospheric sediment deposition, the attached microbes can enter rainwater storage tank with ease to cause health issue for rainwater users. This study aims to explore the trend of roof-top deposited microbes in the different areas of Ikorodu local Government Area at Lagos, Nigeria. This paper also tests the hypothesis that the roof sediment deposition being a significant source to home bacteria. The total deposition rate on the roof for 34 weeks, which include 17 rainy and 17 dry weeks, were investigated. The enumerated bacteria was obtained from the roof deposit samples, where four representative different sites have been analysed to study the solid depositions and microbes within the area thoroughly. The sites were selected judging by their levels of sanitation and vegetation rate. The experimental investigations showed that enumerated microbes and total suspended solid (TSS) depositions in the different areas were higher in the dry season compared to rainy season, and the highest deposition was experienced in the Harmattan period. In addition, the results showed that areas with poor drainage infrastructure and poor sanitation have the roof-top deposition with higher bacterial count than good sanitation areas; while the unpaved and unvegetated areas produced higher deposits than the paved and vegetated areas. In terms of contamination sources, this study has illustrated that the particulate deposition on the roof-top prior to collection has further contaminated the roof-harvested rainwater.
Identification and characterization of Phaseolus vulgaris endornavirus 1, 2 and 3 in common bean cultivars of East Africa
Authors: Brine Thomas J. , Crawshaw Sam , Murphy Alex M. , Pate Adrienne E. , Carr John P. , Wamonje Francis O. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPersistent viruses include members of the family Endornavirus that cause no apparent disease and are transmitted exclusively via seed or pollen. It is speculated that these RNA viruses may be mutualists that enhance plant resilience to biotic and abiotic stresses. Using reverse transcription coupled polymerase chain reactions, we investigated if common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) varieties popular in east Africa were hosts for Phaseolusvulgaris endornavirus (PvEV) 1, 2 or 3. Out of 26 bean varieties examined, four were infected with PvEV1, three were infected with both PvEV1 and PvEV2 and three had infections of all three (PvEV) 1, 2 and 3. Notably, this was the first identification of PvEV3 in common bean from Africa. Using high-throughput sequencing of two east African bean varieties (KK022 and KK072), we confirmed the presence of these viruses and generated their genomes. Intra- and inter-species sequence comparisons of these genomes with comparator sequences from GenBank revealed clear species demarcation. In addition, phylogenetic analyses based on sequences generated from the helicase domains showed that geographical distribution does not correlate to genetic relatedness or the occurrence of endornaviruses. These findings are an important first step towards future investigations to determine if these viruses engender positive effects in common bean, a vital crop in east Africa.
A Limit to Accelerated Free-Sintering: Nano-Phase Separation Interferes With Organic Debinding
Authors: Naunheim Yannick , Perrin Alice , Oliver Christian E. , Stone Katherine , Schuh Christopher A. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNano-phase separating Ni–12 at. pct Ag powders are processed via high-energy ball milling and brought into a supersaturated state with a reduction of the grain size to the nanocrystalline scale, a combination that is designed to encourage rapid densification by phase separation upon heating. This unstable powder is then characterized by dilatometry, in-situ x-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and microstructure analysis for sintering cycles up to 940 °C. However, these powder compacts exhibit excessive pore evolution and significant macroscopic swelling caused by removal of the organic process additives. This competition of organic removal with densification is known in nanocrystalline metals, but the present study adds an additional dimension of phase separation, which shifts the dominant swelling mechanism as the formation of the second phase traps the volatilizing organics and hinders the debinding process. The creep swelling and overall loss in relative density is then dominated by the creep deformation of the second Ag phase. The interference between organic removal and low-temperature onset of consolidation represents a new challenge to efforts aimed at rapid free sintering and should guide the design of rapidly sintering alloys; specifically, the present work emphasizes the need to select alloys that have their sintering-accelerating phase separation temperature above the range where gases are evolved.
A Fuzzy Ensemble-Based Deep learning Model for EEG-Based Emotion Recognition
Authors: Dhara Trishita , Singh Pawan Kumar , Mahmud Mufti 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEmotion recognition from EEG signals is a major field of research in cognitive computing. The major challenges involved in the task are extracting meaningful features from the signals and building an accurate model. This paper proposes a fuzzy ensemble-based deep learning approach to classify emotions from EEG-based models. Three individual deep learning models have been trained and combined using a fuzzy rank-based approach implemented using the Gompertz function. The model has been tested on two benchmark datasets: DEAP and AMIGOS. Our model has achieved 90.84% and 91.65% accuracies on the valence and arousal dimensions, respectively, for the DEAP dataset. The model also achieved accuracy above 95% on the DEAP dataset for the subject-dependent approach. On the AMIGOS dataset, our model has achieved state-of-the-art accuracies of 98.73% and 98.39% on the valence and arousal dimensions, respectively. The model achieved accuracies of 99.38% and 98.66% for the subject-independent and subject-dependent cases, respectively. The proposed model has provided satisfactory results on both DEAP and AMIGOS datasets and in both subject-dependent and subject-independent setups. Hence, we can conclude that this is a robust model for emotion recognition from EEG signals.
Precision landing comparison between smartphone video guidance sensor and IRLock by hardware-in-the-loop emulation
Authors: Silva Cotta J. Leonardo , Rakoczy John , Gutierrez Hector 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe Smartphone Video Guidance Sensor (SVGS) is an emerging technology developed by NASA Marshall Space Flight Center that uses a vision-based approach to accurately estimate the six-state position and orientation vectors of an illuminated target of known dimensions with respect to a coordinate frame fixed to the camera. SVGS is a software-based sensor that can be deployed using a host platform’s resources (CPU and camera) for proximity operations and formation flight of drones or spacecraft. The SVGS output is calculated based on photogrammetric analysis of the light blobs in each image; its accuracy in linear and angular motion at different velocities has previously been successfully demonstrated [9]. SVGS has several potential applications in guidance, navigation, motion control, and proximity operations as a reduced-cost, compact, reliable option to competing technologies such as LiDAR or infrared sensing. One of the applications envisioned by NASA for SVGS is planetary/lunar autonomous landing. This paper aims to compare the SVGS performance in autonomous landing with existing technologies: a combination of infrared beacon technology (IRLock) and LiDAR. The comparison is based on a hardware-in-the-loop emulation of a precision landing experiment using a computer-controlled linear motion to emulate the approach motion and the ROS/Gazebo environment to emulate the response of the flight controller to the environment during landing. Results suggest that SVGS performs better than the existing IRLock with LiDAR sensor combination.