bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
DNase I and chitosan enhance efficacy of ceftazidime to eradicate Burkholderia pseudomallei biofilm cells
Authors: Pakkulnan Rattiyaphorn , Thonglao Nuttaya , Chareonsudjai Sorujsiri 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBiofilm-associated Burkholderia pseudomallei infection contributes to antibiotic resistance and relapse of melioidosis. Burkholderia pseudomallei biofilm matrix contains extracellular DNA (eDNA) that is crucial for biofilm establishment. However, the contribution of eDNA to antibiotic resistance by B. pseudomallei remains unclear. In this study, we first demonstrated in vitro that DNase I with the administration of ceftazidime (CAZ) at 24 h considerably inhibited the 2-day biofilm formation and reduced the number of viable biofilm cells of clinical B. pseudomallei isolates compared to biofilm treated with CAZ alone. A 3–4 log reduction in numbers of viable cells embedded in the 2-day biofilm was observed when CAZ was combined with DNase I. Confocal laser-scanning microscope visualization emphasized the competence of DNase I followed by CAZ supplementation to significantly limit B. pseudomallei biofilm development and to eradicate viable embedded B. pseudomallei biofilm cells. Furthermore, DNase I supplemented with chitosan (CS) linked with CAZ (CS/CAZ) significantly eradicated shedding planktonic and biofilm cells. These findings indicated that DNase I effectively degraded eDNA leading to biofilm inhibition and dispersion, subsequently allowing CAZ and CS/CAZ to eradicate both shedding planktonic and embedded biofilm cells. These findings provide efficient strategies to interrupt biofilm formation and improve antibiotic susceptibility of biofilm-associated infections.
Shadows of very high-frequency oscillations can be detected in lower frequency bands of routine stereoelectroencephalography
Authors: Vasickova Zuzana , Klimes Petr , Cimbalnik Jan , Travnicek Vojtech , Pail Martin , Halamek Josef , Jurak Pavel , Brazdil Milan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractVery high-frequency oscillations (VHFOs, > 500 Hz) are more specific in localizing the epileptogenic zone (EZ) than high-frequency oscillations (HFOs, < 500 Hz). Unfortunately, VHFOs are not visible in standard clinical stereo-EEG (SEEG) recordings with sampling rates of 1 kHz or lower. Here we show that “shadows” of VHFOs can be found in frequencies below 500 Hz and can help us to identify SEEG channels with a higher probability of increased VHFO rates. Subsequent analysis of Logistic regression models on 141 SEEG channels from thirteen patients shows that VHFO “shadows” provide additional information to gold standard HFO analysis and can potentially help in precise EZ delineation in standard clinical recordings.
Sinococuline, a bioactive compound of Cocculus hirsutus has potent anti-dengue activity
Authors: Shukla Rahul , Ahuja Richa , Beesetti Hemalatha , Garg Amit , Aggarwal Charu , Chaturvedi Shivam , Nayyar Kaushal , Arora Upasana , Lal Altaf A. , Khanna Navin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDengue virus (DENV) infection has increased worldwide, with over 400 million infections annually, and has become a serious public health concern. Several drug candidates, new and repurposed, have failed to meet the primary efficacy endpoints. We have recently shown that Aqueous Extract of the stem of Cocculus hirsutus (AQCH) was effective in vitro and in vivo against DENV and was safe in humans. We now report that an active ingredient of AQCH, Sinococuline, protects against the antibody-mediated secondary-DENV infection in the AG129 mouse model. DENV infection markers were assessed, viz. serum viremia and vital organs pathologies-viral load, proinflammatory cytokines and intestinal vascular leakage. The treatment with Sinococuline at 2.0 mg/kg/day; BID (twice a day), was the most effective in protecting the severely DENV-infected AG129 mice. Also, this dose effectively reduced serum viremia and tissue-viral load and inhibited the elevated expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) in several vital organs. Based on these findings, it could be explored further for pre-clinical and clinical developments for the treatment of dengue.
Reliability and Reproducibility of Analyzing 3D Transperineal Ultrasound Volumes Obtained in the First Phase of Labor - A Pilot Study
Authors: Caspers Rebecca , Stickeler Elmar , Kennes Lieven Nils , Krawutschke Stefanie , Wynands Rene , Wittenborn Julia , Lecker Linda , Schlayer Friederike , Najjari Laila 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability and reproducibility of transperineal ultrasound (TPUS) in the initial phase of labor. As TPUS is a common method, it could supplement vaginal palpation and even replace it in certain situations. In addition, we used a 4-dimensional method for the assessment of cervical effacement.
Materials and Methods 54 women in labor were included and underwent TPUS. The resulting images from the acquired 4D volumes were evaluated after the examination for the first time and a second time after 21 days. The measured values were cervical length, dilatation and effacement, the angle of progression (AoP), and head-perineum distance.
Results 54 patients were examined. TPUS images were unable to be evaluated in 12 patients because of cervical dilatation of more than 5 cm or poor image quality. Thus, 42 measurements were included. The concordance correlation coefficients according to Lin are satisfactory overall, with one exception for cervical effacement. The accuracy component of cervical length (CCCLin: 0.93; accuracy: 1.00), dilatation (CCCLin: 0.93; accuracy: 1.00), and AoP (CCCLin: 0.87; accuracy: 1.00) is excellent and still high for the head-perineum distance (CCCLin: 0.89; accuracy: 0.96) and cervical effacement (CCCLin: 0.77; accuracy: 0.97).
Conclusion TPUS is a valuable noninvasive tool with good diagnostic accuracy for the AoP, cervical length, and dilatation. Our study provides support for the use of TPUS to complement a vaginal examination. It should not replace a digital examination but should serve as a suitable alternative method for monitoring labor progression in the future.
Factors influencing the activity ranges of feral pigs (Sus scrofa) across four sites in eastern Australia
Authors: Wilson Cameron , Gentle Matthew , Marshall Darren 
Published: January 2023

Context Understanding the home-range size and the ecological drivers that influence the spatial distribution of feral pigs is of paramount importance for exotic-disease modelling and the improvement of pest management programs. Aims To investigate various factors affecting home- and core-range size and test selection of habitat, to better inform disease modelling and pest management programs. Methods In this study, 59 GPS-collared feral pigs were tracked over four sites in eastern Australia between 2017 and 2021. Using minimum convex polygon (MCP) and the nearest-neighbour–local convex hull (k-LoCoH) as home-range estimators and foliage projective cover (FPC) as an estimator of landscape-scale shelter, we investigated the influence of sex, site, season, year and body weight on range size and tested selection of habitat by using chi-squared and Jacob’s index tests. Key results Home-range sizes were highly variable, with k-LoCoH90 (home) ranges between 0.08 and 54.97 km2 and k-LoCoH50 (core) ranges between 0.01 and 7.02 km2. MCP90 ranged between 0.15 and 242.30 km2, with MCP50 being between 0.07 and 60.61 km2. Sex and site both significantly (P < 0.001) influenced home-range size, but season and year did not. Home-range size was shown to increase with body mass for both sexes (P = 0.001). Importantly, the data indicated that feral pigs prefer habitat within 20–40% FPC (woodland), whereas open forests (51–80% FPC) and closed forests (>80% FPC) were actively avoided. Typically, use of open vegetation (1–10% FPC) was also avoided, but this behaviour varied and was dependent on site. Conclusion Feral pig ranges are influenced by sex, site and body mass but not by season and year. Broad-scale selection for shelter indicated that feral pigs prefer habitat between 20% and 40% FPC. Implications Targeting or avoiding such areas respectively for control or monitoring tool placement may result in improved, efficient outcomes to monitor or manage feral pig populations. Feral pig distribution modelling may also find benefit in the consideration and further study of the above factors and the influence of food and water sources on the activity ranges and behaviour of feral pigs.
Nuclear quantum dynamics in Hexamethylenetetramine and its deuterated counterpart: a DFT-augmented neutron study
Authors: Krzystyniak M , Gutmann M J , Refson K , Romanelli G , Rudić S , Capelli S C , Fortes D , Magdysyuk O , Damián J I Márquez , Maciel-Pereira G 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Despite being one of the most thoroughly characterised molecular crystals, hexamethylenetetramine (HMT) and its deuterated counterpart (DHMT), are still not fully understood, especially regarding anharmonic and nuclear quantum effects. In this work, an unprecedented combination of experimental techniques, including neutron and x-ray diffraction, inelastic neutron scattering, neutron transmission, and Compton scattering, all augmented ab initio by harmonic lattice dynamics calculations, was applied. The main question that motivated the presented work was the interplay between the phonon anharmonicity and isotope and nuclear quantum effects related to the zero-point energies of proton and deuteron. Signatures of the combined effects of isotopic substitution, temperature, anharmonicity and nuclear quantum effects were found in data from all experimental methods. In the case of neutron and x-ray diffraction, these signatures manifested as systematic discrepancies between the structural and atomic displacement parameters and thermal diffuse scattering obtained from harmonic lattice calculations and their experimental counterparts. To this end, an important effect was found that could not have been explained by the harmonic lattice modelling; the reverse Ubbelohde effect, i.e. the observation that deuteration decreases hydrogen bond length in HMT. In the case of neutron transmission, further discrepancies between theoretical predictions and experimental data were found at cryogenic temperatures. Finally, applying the diabatic theory of the local potential of the intermolecular hydrogen bond in HMT, it was possible to elucidate the degree of anharmonicity of the C–H···N bonds by relating it to the magnitude of the vibrational isotope effect for the C–H bond stretching observed in inelastic and neutron Compton scattering experiments. It was found that the combined nuclear quantum and anharmonic effects of the protons (deuterons) in hydrogen bonds in HMT (DHMT) manifest as systematic discrepancies between the ab initio predictions for the widths of nuclear momentum distributions and the experimental values.
The fully supersymmetric AKNS problem: Darboux transformations and discrete systems
Authors: Zhou Xiaoyuan , Xue Lingling , Liu Qingping 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The fully supersymmetric AKNS spectral problem with four superfields proposed by Morosi and Pizzocchero is considered. This is a hybrid problem of the classical AKNS and supersymmetric AKNS spectral problems. Under the assumption that Darboux matrices are linear with respect to the spectral parameter, three Darboux transformations and the corresponding Bäcklund transformations are constructed. Through proper reductions, we obtain Darboux transformations for the coupled supersymmetric nonlinear Schrödinger and coupled supersymmetric modified Korteweg–de Vries equations, and recover the Darboux transformations for Manin-Radul supersymmetric Korteweg–de Vries equation and supersymmetric AKNS hierarchy, respectively. The first Darboux-Bäcklund transformation is further applied to construct integrable discrete super systems, and both semi-discrete and fully discrete systems are obtained. The associated continuum limits are studied as well.
The possibility of gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3) heterojunction bipolar transistors
Authors: Mehta Mahek , Avasthi Sushobhan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Bipolar junction transistors have not been viable with β-Ga2O3 due to its poor hole mobility and unavailability of shallow acceptors. Many p-type oxides form high-quality heterojunction diodes (low ideality factor and high breakdown voltage) with β-Ga2O3. We propose using these heterojunctions to make a β-Ga2O3 heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT). Cu2O/β-Ga2O3 heterojunction is especially promising because of the relatively high electron diffusion length (∼μ
m) in Cu2O, a low electron injection barrier at the Cu2O-Ga2O3 interface, and breakdown voltages of >1000 V. Using Silvaco TCAD, we simulate a β-Ga2O3 heterojunction bipolar transistor with a Cu2O base and estimate the power figure of merit (PFOM). We find that the low bandgap of Cu2O severely limits the performance of these HBTs. Reports of Cu2O-Ga2O3 diodes with extremely high breakdown voltage are probably due to heavily doped Cu2O or interface defects, but these effects do not translate to the HBT. For HBTs with PFOM better than the state-of-the-art β-Ga2O3 unipolar transistors, we need alternative p-type oxides with a bandgap E

g
> 3.4 eV and electron diffusion length >0.4 μ m. We discuss the possible candidates. Using an empirical model for the critical avalanche breakdown field, we estimate the maximum PFOM for possible β-Ga2O3 HBTs.
A first-principles study of the electronic, mechanical, vibrational, and optical properties of the zirconium carbide under high pressure
Authors: Muñoz H , Antonio J E , Cervantes J M , Romero M , Rosas-Huerta J L , Arévalo-López E P , Carvajal E , Escamilla R 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Zirconium carbide is a compound widely used in cutting tools, nuclear reactors, field emitter arrays and solar energy receivers; additionally, combined with other materials, it can be used in rocket technology and the aerospace industry. For this work was studied the effect of the high hydrostatic pressure on the electronic, mechanical, vibrational, and optical properties of the ZrC, from first principles calculations based on the Density Functional Theory. The calculated enthalpy and cohesive energy data show a B1 (NaCl) to B2 (CsCl) phase transition at 297 GPa. For the B1 phase, results for the calculated equilibrium lattice parameters, bands structure, electron and phonon densities of states, elastic moduli constants, entropy, enthalpy, Gibbs free energy, heat capacity, reflectivity, loss function, conductivity, and dielectric function are consistent with the available experimental and theoretical data. Our results for phonons show that the B1 phase is dynamically stable; in contrast, the B2 phase is not stable. Furthermore, when pressure is applied, the calculated density of electronic states shows that the C 2p-orbitals around the Fermi energy contribute significantly to the conduction band, turning the compound into a ductile the material, with a mixture of metallic and ionic-covalent bonds. On the other hand, the study of the mechanical properties of the B1 phase shows a highest mechanical resistance and maximum thermal absorption, above 356 K and 638 K, respectively; but these switch to higher temperatures as pressure is applied. Finally, the B1 phase of the ZrC is a good coating material and a photon detector at low frequencies in the UV region, but also at the visible and infrared regions; although, increasing the pressure, the values of the optical properties increase. The increase of the parameters’ values of the studied properties, as the pressure increases, indicates that the ZrC could be more efficient in a wider range of applications.
Zagreb connection topological descriptors and structural property of the triangular chain structures
Authors: Ullah Asad , Shamsudin  , Zaman Shahid , Hamraz Anila 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Mathematical chemistry is concerned with the use of mathematics to solve the problems in chemistry. A triangular chain graph is a simple graph composed of a series of triangles. This chain is widely used in the formation of triangular cactus, boron clusters, boron triangular nanotubes, and boron nanotubes. In this paper, the first Zagreb connection index, the first modified Zagreb connection index, and the second Zagreb connection index for triangular chain structures are calculated and derived closed formulas for them. Based on the derived formulas and obtained numerical results, the physicochemical properties of these type of structures can easily be investigated.
Channel capacity and quantum entanglement of autofocusing hypergeometric-Gaussian beams through non-Kolmogorov turbulence
Authors: Bao Xiangjiang , Zhu Yun , Wang Jicheng , Hu Zheng-Da 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
We establish propagation models for distributing autofocusing hypergeometric-Gaussian (HyGG) beams via non-Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence in the single-photon and biphoton cases. Analytical expressions of the channel capacity and entanglement are employed to explore the communication performance in turbulence. It can be demonstrated that in the single-photon case, a lower hollowness parameter and larger topological charge could contribute to the anti-interference ability of HyGG beams. Such an anti-interference ability could be affected by the autofocusing distance more severely for beams with larger topological charges. In addition, the channel capacity of beams at a certain distance decays rapidly at first before it grows steadily with the increase in the power-law exponent of the non-Kolmogorov spectrum. For the biphoton case, the higher hollowness parameter, larger power-law exponent of the non-Kolmogorov spectrum and larger topological charge make HyGG beams maintain a high concurrence at longer distances. We believe that our results could serve as a reference for improving the quality of orbital-angular-momentum communication of HyGG beams via atmospheric turbulence.
Discrete modulation instability and localized modes in chiral molecular chains with first- and third-neighbor interactions
Authors: Abbagari Souleymanou , Houwe Alphonse , Akinyemi Lanre , Inc Mustafa , Bouetou Bouetou Thomas 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In this paper, we examined the behavior of the modulated wave patterns and nonlinear supratransmission phenomenon in gyrotropy molecular chains where the first-neighbor and third-neighbor interactions are considered. We have established the propagation modes through the dispersion law showing two cutoff frequencies. Through the numerical simulation, we have depicted modulated waves, solitons interaction as well as the modulation instability growth rates brought by the variation of the third-neighbor interaction and effective mass. As it was predicted that the group velocities vanish at the carrier waves, we have uncoupled a system of the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equation by neglecting the elastic interaction to drive one end of the chains. The driven amplitude generates the train of waves in the system. For a specific time of propagation, we have shown how the variation of driven amplitude can induce instability in the forbidden gap. The obtained results have opened new features to the train of pulses in gyrotropy molecular chains.
One-dimensional

PT

-symmetric eigenmodes in k-wave number Scarf II potential with defocusing nonlinearity
Authors: Thasneem A R , Subha P A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The stationary states and dynamical evolution of one-dimensional eigenmodes in self-defocusing nonlinear Kerr medium under transverse parity-time (




) symmetric k-wave number Scarff-II potential have been analysed. We study the effect of the coefficient of the imaginary component of the




-symmetric potential on the eigenvalue spectra of the ground and first excited states in linear and nonlinear models. Symmetric eigenmodes with real eigenvalues are obtained in the unbroken




regime in both models. The linear stability analysis shows that the solutions are stable in the unbroken




regime. The stable propagation of the solutions in linear and nonlinear media supported by




-symmetric k-wave number Scarff-II potential is also investigated. The comparison of the solutions in the presence and the absence of nonlinearity reveals that in the self-defocusing Kerr medium nonlinearity suppresses the region of




-symmetry. The influence of the width of the complex k-wave number Scarff-II potential and the depth of the real potential function on the




-symmetry breaking have also been analysed.
Muon (g − 2) in U(1)
L
μ
−

L

τ

scotogenic model extended with vector like fermion
Authors: Arora Simran , Kashav Monal , Verma Surender , Chauhan B C 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The latest results of anomalous muon magnetic moment at Fermilab show a discrepancy of 4.2 σ between the Standard Model (SM) prediction and experimental value. In this work, we revisit

U

(
1
)

L

μ

−

L

τ

symmetry with in the paradigm of scotogenic model which explains muon (g − 2) and neutrino mass generation, simultaneously. The mass of new gauge boson

M

Z

μ
τ

generated after the spontaneous symmetry breaking of

U

(
1
)

L

μ

−

L

τ

is constrained, solely, in light of the current neutrino oscillation data to explain muon (g − 2). In particular, we have obtained two regions I and II, around 150 MeV and 500 MeV, respectively, in

M

Z

μ
τ

−

g

μ
τ

plane which explain the neutrino phenomenology. Region I is found to be consistent with muon neutrino trident (MNT) bound (g

μ
τ
≤ 10−3) to explain muon (g − 2), however, region II violates it for mass range

M

Z

μ
τ

>
300

MeV

. We, then, extend the minimal gauged scotogenic model by a vector like lepton (VLL) triplet ψ

T
. The mixing of ψ

T
with inert scalar doublet η leads to chirally enhanced positive contribution to muon anomalous magnetic moment independent of Z

μ
τ
mass. Furthermore, we have, also, investigated the implication of the model for 0ν
β
β decay and CP violation. The non-observation of 0ν
β
β decay down to the sensitivity of 0.01 eV shall refute the model. The model, in general, is found to be consistent with both CP conserving and CP violating solutions.