bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The development and initial validation of the Earthquake Fear Scale: Its links to personality traits, psychological distress, harmony in life, and mental wellbeing
Authors: Satıcı Seydi Ahmet , Okur Sinan , Deniz M. Engin , Karaağaç Zahide Gül , Yılmaz Fatma Betül , Kütük Hasan , Satıcı Begüm , Kaya Yağmur 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnexpected and unpredictable earthquakes may have a negative impact on people's mental health. The earthquake fear experienced by individuals causes psychological problems. This article is made up of three different studies that look at earthquake fear. The seven item Earthquake Fear Scale (EFS) was confirmed in Study I (N = 407) utilising confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, Item Response Analysis was done, and it was found that all of the items showed a good degree of discrimination. The reliability of the EFS has been proven with different reliability coefficients. In Study II (N = 505), both correlation and network analysis were carried out, and earthquake fear was found to be significantly associated with depression, anxiety, stress, and mental wellbeing. Moreover, neuroticism and conscientiousness, two of the big five personality traits, are significantly associated with earthquake fear. In Study III (N = 382), it was revealed that psychological distress and harmony in life play a serial and fully mediating role in the link between earthquake fear and mental wellbeing. The psychological influence of earthquake fear is emphasised in this pioneering and comprehensive study on earthquake fear.
Molecular Diffusion in Nanoreactors’ Pore Channel System: Measurement Techniques, Structural Regulation, and Catalytic Effects
Authors: Yan Kai , Lu Xuebin , Zhang Rui , Xiong Jian , Qiao Yina , Li Xiaoyun , Yu Zhihao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNanoreactors, as a new class of materials with highly enriched and ordered pore channel structures, can achieve special catalytic effects by precisely identifying and controlling the molecular diffusion behavior within the ordered pore channel system. Nanoreactors‐driven molecular diffusion within the ordered pore channels can be highly dependent on the local microenvironment in the nanoreactors’ pore channel system. Although the diffusion process of molecules within the ordered pore channels of nanoreactors is crucial for the regulation of catalytic behaviors, it has not yet been as clearly elucidated as it deserves to be in this study. In this review, fundamental theory and measurement techniques for molecular diffusion in the pore channel system of nanoreactors are presented, structural regulation strategies of pore channel parameters for controlling molecular diffusion are discussed, and the effects of molecular diffusion in the pore channel system on catalytic reactivity and selectivity are further analyzed. This article attempts to further develop the underlying theory of molecular diffusion within the theoretical framework of nanoreactor‐driven catalysis, and the proposed perspectives may contribute to the rational design of advanced catalytic materials and the precise control of complex catalytic kinetics.
In Situ Cross‐Linking Strategy to Enable Highly Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Liu Kai , Hu Tianxiang , Rafique Saqib , Liu Fengcai , Zhan Yiqiang , Ding Liming 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have achieved great success in power conversion efficiency due to their excellent optoelectrical properties of perovskite. However, the instability of PSCs severely impedes their commercialization. Recently, in situ cross‐linking strategy has been proposed to mitigate stability issues of PSCs, enabling highly efficient and stable PSCs. Here, the critical factors that lead to the degradation of PSCs are first outlined. Then, a comprehensive review of in situ cross‐linking strategy in perovskite to enhance the moisture, thermal, illumination, and bending stress resistance properties of PSCs is presented. Furthermore, the detailed mechanism underlying these advantageous effects is discussed pertaining to crystallization regulation, immobilization of ions, water resistance, and release of unfavorable stress. Finally, the current challenges and further development trends of in situ cross‐linking strategy in PSCs and extension to other optoelectronic devices are prospected.
A Stable Triazole‐Based Covalent Gel for Long‐Term Cycling Zn Anode in Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Cui Jiawei , Tao Zengren , Wu Jinyi , Ma Shasha , Yang Yangyi , Zhang Jianyong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this work, a functional covalent gel material is developed to resolve the severe dendritic growth and hydrogen evolution reaction toward Zn/electrolyte interface in aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs). A covalent gel layer with superior durability forms homogeneously on the surface of Zn foil. The covalent gel with triazole functional groups can uniformize the transport of Zn2+ due to the interactions between Zn2+ ions and the triazole groups in the covalent gel. As a consequence, the symmetrical battery with triazole covalent gel maintains stable Zn plating/stripping for over 3000 h at 1 mA cm−2 and 1 mAh cm−2, and the full cell combined with a V2O5 cathode operates steadily and continuously for at least 1800 cycles at 5 A g−1 with a capacity retention rate of 67.0%. This work provides a train of thought to develop stable covalent gels for the protection of zinc anode toward high‐performance ZIBs.
Protective Cerium Oxide Coating Promoted Ce‐Doping and Reconstruction of High‐Valence NiFe Sulfide toward Robust Overall Water Splitting
Authors: Liu Xiaojing , Cao Shuyi , Li Jingde , Wang Yanji , Xue Wei , Liu Guihua 
Published: August 2023

AbstractActive and stable electrocatalysts toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are essential for alkaline water splitting. Herein, an efficient and durable high‐valence NiFe‐based OER electrocatalyst is developed, featuring a protective CeO2−x coating to prevent the corrosion of carbon substrates during oxidative OER operation, ensuring excellent catalyst stability. The incorporation of a CeO2−x coating also leads to the formation of a Ce‐doped NiFe sulfide catalyst. The Ce modulator enables the dynamic transformation of NiFe sulfide into highly active (oxy)hydroxide species with high‐valence Ni sites and enhanced Ni─O covalency, thereby improving its OER catalytic activity. Accordingly, the prepared NiFeS2/CeO2−x/CC catalyst achieves enhanced OER activity with an overpotential of 260 mV at 100 mA cm−2 in 1.0 m KOH. Moreover, the catalyst achieves 100 mA cm−2 current density at an overpotential of 187 mV for the hydrogen evolution reaction. The anion exchange membrane water electrolyzer reached 500 mA cm−2 at 1.73 V cell voltage with excellent stability for 500 h continuous operation. This study demonstrates a promising approach for the fabrication of robust water‐splitting electrocatalysts.
Polypyrrole‐Doped NH4V3O8 with Oxygen Vacancies as High‐Performance Cathode Material for Aqueous Zinc‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Cai Xuanxuan , Zhang Yu , Cheng Huanhuan , Liu Chenfan , Wang Zhiwen , Ye Hang , Pan Yanliang , Jia Dianzeng , Lin He 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe inherent slow diffusion dynamics of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) act as a significant hindrance to their universal utilization as energy storage systems, largely attributed to the scarcity of superior cathode materials. In this study, a novel method that amalgamates oxygen defect engineering and polymer intercalation, guided by theoretical computations, to confront this challenge, is introduced. This approach begins with density functional theory calculations, demonstrating that the shielding effect rendered by polypyrrole (PPy) between NH4V3O8 (NVO) layers, along with the cooperative influence of oxygen defects (Od), optimizes the kinetic transport of Zn2+. Leveraging these theoretical outcomes, a two‐step hydrothermal synthesis procedure is devised to fabricate PPy‐intercalated NVO embedded with Od (NVO‐Od@PPy). The empirical findings corroborate the theoretical predictions, showcasing that the NVO‐Od@PPy//Zn system manifests exceptional cycling stability. Specifically, the NVO‐Od@PPy electrode delivers an optimal reversible capacity, yielding 421 mAh g−1 at a current density of 0.1 A g−1. Remarkably, even at an elevated current density of 10 A g−1, it sustains a capacity of 175.7 mAh g−1, while maintaining a capacity retention of 99% over 1000 cycles. This research provides pivotal insights for the engineering of high‐performing cathode materials for AZIBs, paving the way for their future advancements.
Pore‐Matched Sponge for Microorganisms Pushes Electron Extraction Limit in Microbial Fuel Cells
Authors: Feng Ke , Lu Yi , Wang Qiaoli , Ji Zhenyi , Li Wei , Chen Jianmeng , Zhang Shihan , Zhao Jingkai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractMicrobial fuel cells (MFCs) are of great potential for wastewater remediation and chemical energy recovery. Nevertheless, limited by inefficient electron transfer between microorganisms and electrode, the remediation capacity and output power density of MFCs are still far away from the demand of practical application. Herein, a pore‐matching strategy is reported to develop uniform electroactive biofilms by inoculating microorganisms inside a pore‐matched sponge, which is assembled of core–shell polyaniline@carbon nanotube (PANI@CNT). The maximum power density achieved by the PANI@CNT bioanode is 7549.4 ± 27.6 mW m−2, which is higher than the excellent MFCs with proton exchange membrane reported to date, while the coulombic efficiency also attains a considerable 91.7 ± 1.2%. The PANI@CNT sponge enriches the exoelectrogen Geobacter significantly, and is proved to play the role of conductive pili in direct electron transfer as it down‐regulates the gene encoding pilA. This work exemplifies a practicable strategy to develop excellent bioanode to boost electron extraction in MFCs and provides in‐depth insights into the enhancement mechanism.
Managing Interface Defects via Mixed‐Salt Passivation toward Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Qiu Fazheng , Liu Qiuju , Liu Yanfeng , Wu Jinpeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIodine vacancies and uncoordinated Pb0 defects existing at the perovskite surface have been widely demonstrated to induce deep‐level defects, which can greatly limit improvement of the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this work, a novel strategy is proposed for functionalizing perovskite surface by using trimethylsulfoxonium iodide (TMSI), which can enhance the defect formation energy and inhibit Pb0 defects. Meanwhile, TMSI modification also can fill the iodine vacancies of perovskite surface‐terminating ends. Consequently, the optimized device shows the improved charge dynamics and the reduced energy losses, achieving a champion efficiency of up to 24.03% along with excellent air‐storage and thermal stabilities. This work offers guidelines for more efficient and stable PSCs based on the management of interface defects.
Nitrate Radical Induced “Two in One” Interface Engineering toward High Reversibility of Zn Metal Anode
Authors: Wang Panpan , Sun Bin , Bao Kangkang , Yang Hengyu , Liang Yongle , Wang Minghui , Wei Xiaolin , Yang Liwen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAdvanced interfacial engineering performs a forceful modulation effect on Zn2+ plating/stripping with simultaneous inhibition of hydrogen evolution reaction, chemical corrosion, and dendrite growth, which is responsible for high reversibility of Zn anode. Herein, a “two in one” interface engineering is developed to improve the reversibility of Zn anode, in which multi‐functional Zn5(NO3)2(OH)8·2H2O layer and preferential Zn (002) texture are constructed simultaneously. Due to nucleophilicity to Zn2+ arising from electronegativity, the layer can accelerate the desolvation process of [Zn (H2O)6]2+ and transfer kinetics of Zn2+ ions, leading to uniform nucleation and effective inhibition of water‐induced side reactions. Meanwhile, the latter is beneficial to guiding Zn (002)‐preferred orientation deposition with compact structure. Consequently, the Zn electrodes with such complementary interface modulation exhibit prominent reversibility. With an area capacity of 1 mAh cm−2 at 1 mA cm−2, the symmetric cell operates steadily for 4000 h. Highly reversible Zn anode is maintained even at 50 mA cm−2. For full cells coupled with MnO2 cathode, impressive rate capability and cycling stability with a high capacity beyond 100 mAh g−1 at 1 A g−1 after 2000 cycles are achieved. The results provide new insights into Zn anodes with high reversibility for next‐generation aqueous zinc ion batteries.
Alloying‐Induced Synthesis of Amorphous PdZnS Hollow Spheres as Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Catalysts
Authors: Zhao Donghui , Zhu Rui , Sun Yiwen , Wang Qian , Yu Jialong , Jin Hui , Chen Hongyu , Wang Yawen 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAmorphous alloys have multiple advantages in electrocatalysis, yet the isotropic nature makes their syntheses a great obstacle in application. In this work, it is shown that the Zn2+ can interfere with the crystallization of Pd‐base structures to form amorphous alloy materials. By simply adjusting the Zn2+ content, unique PdZnS amorphous hollow spheres (AHS) with various compositions and degrees of crystallinity can be obtained through a facile one‐pot wet chemical method. Owing to both the amorphous nature and hollow morphologies, the PdZnS AHSs possess appealing activities and stabilities as oxygen reduction catalysts. Typically, the Pd20ZnS10 AHSs exhibit the highest half‐wave potential (E1/2) of 0.940 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode), and such E1/2 only negatively shifts 25 mV after 60 000 cycles.
The effect of bilateral currency swap agreements on foreign capital inflows: Evidence from China
Authors: Jiang Lingduo , Liu Shuangshuang , Zhang Guofeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis study empirically explores the effect of bilateral currency swap agreements (BCSAs) on foreign capital inflows. Using data on foreign enterprises' cross‐border investments in China over 2005–2020 released by Bureau van Dijk (BvD) Zephyr database, a multiperiod difference‐in‐differences (DID) estimation is used based on the signing of China's BCSAs over the period of 2009–2020. We find that the signing of BCSAs increases the total amount of foreign capital inflows by 9.97% and the number of foreign capital projects by 8.68% on average. Moreover, foreign capital inflows that come from economies with higher bilateral exchange fluctuations, fewer foreign exchange reserves, higher interest rates, higher tax rates, and lower institutional qualities are more responsive to the signing of BCSAs, especially for those horizontal capital inflows.
Decentralized response as a pandemic second‐best: The case of Russia
Authors: Maltsev Vladimir V. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCentralized state response is almost universally considered as the first best option for managing pandemics. This paper argues that in reality, states fall short of this ideal. Knowledge problems hinder the government's disease acknowledgement, resource allocation and feedback, while compulsion, political predation, and corruption exacerbate the situation further. On the other hand, a decentralized, voluntary response may overcome knowledge problems and opportunism through effective signals such as prices, better incentives, local knowledge, and internalization of disease‐related externalities. This results in a speedier, more effective, and responsive pandemic management, which also accounts for differences in risk preferences, and becomes a feasible second‐best option. I then apply these insights to Russia and its history of disease management. I focus on three diseases: plague, cholera, and COVID‐19, which results in a historical analysis that spans multiple centuries and different institutional settings. I show that government‐led pandemic response in Russia has been riddled with knowledge problems, abuse, political predation, and violence. On the other hand, a decentralized response was quicker and more effective at managing the disease, often emerging even in the most unfavorable circumstances.
Effects of Essential Oils and Ultrasonic Treatments on Properties of Edible Coatings and Their Application on Citrus Fruits
Authors: Kumar Nishant , Upadhyay Ashutosh , Shukla Shruti 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn present study, the effects of orange peel essential oil and ultrasonic treatment on properties of corn starch based edible coating and films including their effects on the shelf life of citrus (Kinnow) fruits are investigated. The ultrasonic approach and essential oil significantly improves the quality characteristics of edible coating formulations, stability, and rheological behaviour of coating materials by reducing the particle size, including antimicrobial activity. The particle size of the coating materials reduces from 2495 nm (control) to 298.8 nm by ultrasonication treatment with improved stability (−39.251 mV) as well as antimicrobial activity. The tensile strength (720 N) and solubility (32.40%) of the CSEOU edible film are also improved as compared to CSEO and CS edible films. The coating formulation enriched with essential oil and ultrasonic treatment (CSEOU) improves the shelf‐life of Kinnow by retarding weight loss (PLW) and microbial load, as well as maintaining higher acidity (TA), total soluble solids (TSS), and higher antioxidant activity. CSEOU treated samples indicate lowest weight loss (24.57%), pH (3.89) with higher TA (3.999%), firmness (494.229 N), phenolic (26.17 mg 100 g−1), flavonoid (34.11 mg 100 g−1), antioxidant (49.04%), and antimicrobial activity against A. niger, E. coli and S. aureus as compared to other samples.
Team and communication impacts of remote work for complex aerospace system development
Authors: Ferguson Sharon , van Velzen Eric , Olechowski Alison 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRemote work is becoming increasingly common, a trend accelerated by the global COVID‐19 pandemic. Existing remote work research fails to address the challenges and needs of engineers working remotely in Complex Aerospace System Development (CASD), the field responsible for creating and operating aerospace systems. This article presents an exploratory study to understand the challenges, benefits, and strategies when working remotely in CASD. We interviewed 12 CASD engineers working remotely at a major aerospace corporation. We ground our findings in six characteristics of CASD work (complex systems; design paths and feedback loops; relationships with suppliers, customers and regulators; distinct knowledge and skills; one‐off innovation; and high cost of experimentation) and discuss how each of these characteristics challenges remote work. The findings show that CASD requires many teams to work together, and this is encouraged through informal communication, which almost disappears in a remote setting. CASD requires frequent feedback, and we found that feedback was slow when working remotely. Participants found it challenging to demonstrate systems to customers and verify drawings with suppliers, and the interpersonal relationships, which help to bridge disciplinary divides, were harder to maintain remotely. The one‐off nature of the systems designed meant that conceptual work was important, but participants lacked the virtual tools to do this effectively. Lastly, testing hardware components required close virtual communication between technicians and engineers, which was tricky in a detail‐oriented context. This study motivates areas for future work to better understand and address the nuances of remote work by engineers in CASD.
Limno‐assessment of phytoplankton composition in relation to environmental conditions of lakes in Antalya River Basin
Authors: Çelekli Abuzer , Lekesiz Ömer , Çetin Tolga 
Published: August 2023

AbstractHuman‐induced factors and global climate change have threatened freshwater resources. Phytoplankton assessments have been used to predict impairment of lentic ecosystems. The aim of the study was to assess species‐stressor associations and the ecological status of eight lakes in the Antalya River basin using phytoplankton indices throughout wet and dry periods according to the Water Framework Directive. The analysis of similarities test revealed a significant difference in the composition of species between the wet (May) and dry (August and November) seasons (p < 0.05). The canonical correspondence analysis indicated that alkalinity, electrical conductivity (EC), pH, total phosphorus (TP), and arsenic (As) had significant effects on the distribution of phytoplankton among lakes. Lake Titreyen was associated with high EC and characterized by pollution‐tolerant species. Lake Eğri was under the pressure of TP and As, while Lake Kırkgöz was associated with relatively high alkalinity. The findings of the phyto‐assessment indicated that Lake Eğri is in good ecological condition, while Lake Duruca is in high ecological condition. Søndergaard metric based on the cyanobacteria biovolume values indicated that Lake Eğri had a moderate ecological status, whereas Lake Duruca had a good environmental condition. To evaluate the ecological status of lakes, the modified phytoplankton trophic index could be a suitable metric. Results of the present study underlined the responses of phytoplankton species in various lakes to environmental variables, which provide crucial ecological information about their ecology and help in the estimation of the ecological status of lakes.
Review on model development techniques for dam break flood wave propagation
Authors: Peramuna P. D. P. O. , Neluwala N. G. P. B. , Wijesundara K. K. , DeSilva S. , Venkatesan S. , Dissanayake P. B. R. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCatastrophic failure of dam structures has often led to severe consequences. The colossal wave receding at a higher velocity from the sudden failure of the dams may obliterate the downstream areas causing loss of lives and property damage. Thus, proper mitigation measures and contingency plans must be formulated beforehand to minimize the impact of such disasters. Consequently, there has been a strong tendency to study dam breach flood modeling using different approaches for both hypothetical dam breach scenarios and real incidents. The technology used for dam breach studies is advancing and a comprehensive review of the existing methodologies would help the modelers in their model development. This paper reviews the state‐of‐the‐art methodologies utilized in studies to propagate the dam break flood wave. Furthermore this guides the selection of methods best suited considering the project‐specific requirements and the complexity of project to simulate the risk to the vulnerable areas generated from the dam break flood flow. Different terrain datasets, mesh generation techniques and calibration techniques have been adapted and adhered to improve computational accuracy, stability and efficiency in modeling dam break floods. The use of high‐resolution global and site‐specific datasets, subgrid models, the choice of roughness coefficients and high‐resolution time steps have to be investigated thoroughly in these models. The paper reviews the existing methodologies with the strengths and limitations facilitating the future dam breach modelers to select the suitable approach in dam break flood wave modeling.This article is categorized under:
Engineering Water > Sustainable Engineering of Water
Science of Water > Water Extremes
Water and Life > Conservation, Management, and Awareness