bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Allergen bronchoprovocation: correlation between FEV1 maximal percent fall and area under the FEV1 curve and impact of allergen on recovery
Authors: Durr Sarah-Marie , Davis Beth , Gauvreau Gail , Cockcroft Donald 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundHouse dust mite (HDM) induces greater responses than other allergens during allergen bronchoprovocation (ABP) testing. The two standardized methods for reporting results of ABP tests are the maximal percent fall in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1, max; %) and the area under the FEV1vs time curve (AUC; %FEV1x min). The relationship between these methods has not been previously investigated.AimsWe aimed to measure the correlation between FEV1, maxand AUC during the early asthmatic response (EAR) and the late asthmatic response (LAR), and to determine if the EAR recovery period for HDM would be longer than other allergens (cat, grass, horse, and ragweed).MethodsWe retrospectively calculated the AUC and correlation between FEV1, maxand AUC during the EAR(0-2 h)and LAR(3-7 h)for each allergen. We compared EAR(0-3 h)and LAR(3-7 h)FEV1, max, AUC and absolute difference in FEV1, maxto the most recovered FEV1(FEV1, min). We performed pairwise comparisons of correlation and slope values using Fischer’s r to z transformation and t-tests, respectively. AUC and absolute differences in FEV1, maxand FEV1, minwere compared using a one-way ANOVA test, followed by apost-hocScheffe test.ResultsCorrelation between the FEV1, maxand AUC during the EAR(0-2 h)(n = 221) was 0.807, and was 0.798 during the LAR(3-7 h)(n = 157 of 221), (difference p = 0.408). The EAR(0-3 h)AUC and FEV1, maxdid differ between allergens (both p < 0.0001) but the LAR(3-7 h)AUC and FEV1, maxdid not (p = 0.548 and 0.824, respectively). HDM did not have a larger AUC or FEV1, max, than all other allergens during the EAR(0-3 h)or the LAR(3-7 h). The absolute difference between the FEV1, maxand FEV1, minduring the EAR(0-3 h)did not differ between allergens (p = 0.180).ConclusionThe FEV1, maxand AUC for both the EAR(0-2 h)and LAR(3-7 h)had excellent correlation, with no significant difference. Thus, significant bronchoconstriction will likely result in a longer recovery period. There was no evidence of delayed EAR(0-3 h)recovery following HDM challenges, so HDM did not induce a larger response compared to all the other allergens examined.Registration: Not registered. This is not a clinical trial. (This study is a retrospective analysis of data collected during several registered trials.)
Black spruce (Picea mariana) seed availability and viability in boreal forests after large wildfires
Authors: Reid Kirsten A. , Day Nicola J. , Alfaro-Sánchez Raquel , Johnstone Jill F. , Cumming Steven G. , Mack Michelle C. , Turetsky Merritt R. , Walker Xanthe J. , Baltzer Jennifer L. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Key message
Black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) has historically self-replaced following wildfire, but recent evidence suggests that this is changing. One factor could be negative impacts of intensifying fire activity on black spruce seed rain. We investigated this by measuring black spruce seed rain and seedling establishment. Our results suggest that increases in fire activity could reduce seed rain meaning reductions in black spruce establishment.

Context
Black spruce is an important conifer in boreal North America that develops a semi-serotinous, aerial seedbank and releases a pulse of seeds after fire. Variation in postfire seed rain has important consequences for black spruce regeneration and stand composition.

Aims
We explore the possible effects of changes in fire regime on the abundance and viability of black spruce seeds following a very large wildfire season in the Northwest Territories, Canada (NWT).

Methods
We measured postfire seed rain over 2 years at 25 black spruce-dominated sites and evaluated drivers of stand characteristics and environmental conditions on total black spruce seed rain and viability.

Results
We found a positive relationship between black spruce basal area and total seed rain. However, at high basal areas, this increasing rate of seed rain was not maintained. Viable seed rain was greater in stands that were older, closer to unburned edges, and where canopy combustion was less severe. Finally, we demonstrated positive relationships between seed rain and seedling establishment, confirming our measures of seed rain were key drivers of postfire forest regeneration.

Conclusion
These results indicate that projected increases in fire activity will reduce levels of black spruce recruitment following fire.
Relationship between early-life stress and trait mindfulness in adulthood: a correlational study
Authors: de Moraes Vinícius Santos , Fernandes Mariana , Fernandes Maria Neyrian de Fátima , Gimenez Larissa Bessani Hidalgo , Camargo Júnior Elton Brás , Gherardi-Donato Edilaine Cristina da Silva 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
To investigate the relationship between early-life stress (ELS) and the trait mindfulness level in workers.

Method
This study is quantitative cross-sectional and correlational research with a sample of 929 workers from a Brazilian public university. ELS and mindfulness assessment was performed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire-BR (FFMQ-BR), respectively. The data were submitted to correlation tests adopting a significance level of .05 and a multivariate linear regression analysis.

Results
50.0% of the participants obtained a score indicative of ELS exposure in at least one subtype among the five proposed by the CTQ, with emotional neglect predominating (63.0%). The group not exposed to emotional abuse had higher scores in the “describe—positive formulation” and “non-reactivity to inner experience” facets. Those that scored for physical abuse had higher values in “acting with awareness—autopilot”. However, the group exposed to sexual abuse obtained the highest score in the “acting with awareness—autopilot” and “acting with awareness—distraction” facets. The correlation between FFMQ-BR and CTQ overall scores showed a weak correlation with statistical significance. The multiple linear revealed that the facets of mindfulness were significantly associated by at least one type of early stress; however, no significant association was found between CTQ and FFMQ-BR overall results.

Conclusion
The results showed that emotional regulation might have effectively occurred in this specific population, even with the presence of some childhood trauma.
Canola meal phenolic compounds electrosprayed into capsules to increase the oxidative stability of canola oil
Authors: Zadbashkhanshir Kobra , Fadaei Vajiheh , Fahimdanesh Maryam 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNano-encapsulation is a developing area of study across several fields, including the food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic sectors. In this study, nanocapsules containing polyphenols were made from canola meal by electrospraying, and it was determined how the capsules' walls affected their shape, encapsulation efficiency, ζ-potential, and particle size. Furthermore, the impact of nanocapsules on canola oil was examined using the TBA index, oxidative stability, and iodine value. Our findings demonstrated that spherical nanoparticles were produced using electrospraying, and that the amount of wall materials used to create them had an impact on their size. Maltodextrin/β-cyclodextrin at a ratio of 1:1 resulted in the smallest capsule sizes, with an encapsulation efficiency of 68% and an 80% release over 40 days at ambient temperature. The ζ-potential of each particle was negative. With a PDI of 0.074–0.650 and a mean size of 232.3–659.8 nm, the population of electrosprayed nanoparticles was found to be heterogeneous. By increasing nanocapsules of polyphenols to the canola oil, the oil stability and oil quality were increased. Our results showed that 800 ppm of polyphenols can improve the oil stability similarly to TBHQ, and therefore it is possible to use canola meal polyphenols as natural antioxidants in the oil industry.Graphical Abstract
Tidal and internal tidal impacts in the Tasman Sea
Authors: Robertson Robin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBarotropic and baroclinic tides were simulated for the Coral and Tasman Seas off eastern Australia and compared to a simulation without tides. Both simulations included geostrophic currents and replicated a current analogous to the East Australian Current (EAC). Tides and tidal currents in most of this region are weak, generally 1–2 cm s−1, with the exception of the far northwest portion of the Coral Sea. Even these weak tides were found to impact the mean EAC-like current transport, enhancing it by 1–4 Sv in some areas. Southward flow increased over the continental shelf. Tides did not appear to impact eddy formation, size, or rotational speed; however, they affected eddy propagation. Cyclonic eddies propagated northward faster with tides than without tides. Tides impacted cross-shelf transport of colder water, with significantly more on-shore transport occurring with tides, particularly equatorward of the diurnal critical latitudes. Cross-shelf transport of nutrient rich water onto the shelf is important in this oligotrophic region. Although the prime source of vertical shear and mixing were mean currents and eddies, tides played a secondary role. Tides influenced mixing by increasing vertical temperature diffusivities to 10−4to 10−3m2 s−1over portions of the continental slope and over rough topography, particularly in regions near the diurnal critical latitudes (27°–30°). In conclusion, even small tides can significantly impact the circulation through their effects on the mean currents, eddy rotation velocities, eddy propagation, and mixing.
Expression of recombinant human Apolipoprotein A-IMilano in Nicotiana tabacum
Authors: Zhao Wei , Zhou Lu-Yang , Kong Jing , Huang Ze-Hao , Gao Ya-Di , Zhang Zhong-Xia , Zhou Yong-Jie , Wu Ruo-Yu , Xu Hong-Jun , An Sheng-Jun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractApolipoprotein A-IMilano (Apo A-IMilano) is a natural mutant of Apolipoprotein. It is currently the only protein that can clear arterial wall thrombus deposits and promptly alleviate acute myocardial ischemia. Apo A-IMilano is considered as the most promising therapeutic protein for treating atherosclerotic diseases without obvious toxic or side effects. However, the current biopharmaceutical platforms are not efficient for developing Apo A-IMilano. The objectives of this research were to express Apo A-IMilano using the genetic transformation ability of N. tabacum. The method is to clone the coding sequence of Apo A-IMilano into the plant binary expression vector pCHF3 with a Flag/His6/GFP tag. The constructed plasmid was transformed into N. tabacum by a modified agrobacterium-mediated method, and transformants were selected under antibiotic stress. PCR, RT-qPCR, western blot and co-localization analysis was used to further verify the resistant N. tabacum. The stable expression and transient expression of N. tabacum were established, and the pure product of Apo A-IMilano was obtained through protein A/G agarose. The results showed that Apo A-IMilano was expressed in N. tabacum with a yield of 0.05 mg/g leaf weight and the purity was 90.58% ± 1.65. The obtained Apo A-IMilano protein was subjected to amino acid sequencing. Compared with the theoretical sequence of Apo A-IMilano, the amino acid coverage was 86%, it is also found that Cysteine replaces Arginine at position 173, which indicates that Apo A-IMilano, a mutant of Apo A-I, is accurately expressed in N. tabacum. The purified Apo A-IMilano protein had a lipid binding activity. The established genetic modification N. tabacum will provide a cost-effective system for the production of Apo A-IMilano. Regarding the rapid propagation of N. tabacum, this system provides the possibility of large-scale production and accelerated clinical translation of Apo A-IMilano.
Graphical Abstract
Analysis of the chemical composition and biological activity of secondary residues of Turkish Gall treated by semi-bionic technology
Authors: Jiang Shan , Zhang Sha , Jiang Xiangdong , Tian Shuge 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn order to meet the contemporary concept of sustainable development, the reuse of biological waste has also been emphasized. Lots of papers nowadays study the extraction of primary residues. The disposal of secondary residues is often neglected. The chemical composition and biological activity of secondary residues of Turkish Gall (SRTG) were researched in this paper. We selected five methods to extract the SRTG, and the extraction conditions were water, hydrochloric acid buffer (pH = 2), artificial gastric juice (pH = 2), phosphate buffer (pH = 6.8), and artificial intestinal solution (pH = 6.8). The changes of phenolic components were determined by spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography. The acid-base environment did not affect total polyphenols contents and gallic acid ethyl ester contents in SRTG. But it affected the gallic acid contents in SRTG. The contents of gallic acid in the hydrochloric acid buffer extraction groups were 1.63 times that of the water extraction group. The SRTG were extracted by hydrochloric acid buffer also had better inhibition on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, SRTG showed positive effects on 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl Free, 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), ·OH radicals, and Ferric ion reducing antioxidant power. Some active components of SRTG can be effectively released through the digestion of simulated gastric juices in vitro. The change of active ingredients affects the antibacterial and antioxidant capacity. The results provide data support for the conversion of secondary residues into products, such as feed additives. The SRTG has certain contributes to the value of the circular economy.
Graphical Abstract
Contrast enhanced mammography: focus on frequently encountered benign and malignant diagnoses
Authors: Yang Mindy L. , Bhimani Chandni , Roth Robyn , Germaine Pauline 
Published: January 2023

AbstractContrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) is becoming a widely adopted modality in breast imaging over the past few decades and exponentially so over the last few years, with strong evidence of high diagnostic performance in cancer detection. Evidence is also growing indicating comparative performance of CEM to MRI in sensitivity with fewer false positive rates. As application of CEM ranges from potential use in screening dense breast populations to staging of known breast malignancy, increased familiarity with the modality and its implementation, and disease processes encountered becomes of great clinical significance. This review emphasizes expected normal findings on CEM followed by a focus on examples of the commonly encountered benign and malignant pathologies on CEM.
Cryptocurrency technology revolution: are Bitcoin prices and terrorist attacks related?
Authors: Song Yu , Chen Bo , Wang Xin-Yi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAs a financial innovation of the information age, cryptocurrency is a complex concept with clear advantages and disadvantages and is worthy of discussion. Exploring from a terrorism perspective, this study uses the time-varying parameter/stochastic volatility vector autoregression model to explore the risk hedging and terrorist financing capabilities of Bitcoin. Empirical results show that both terrorist incidents and brutality may explain Bitcoin price, but their effects are slightly different. Compared to terrorist brutality, terrorist incidents have a weaker impact on Bitcoin price, showing that Bitcoin investors are more concerned about the number of deaths than the frequency of terrorist attacks. In turn, the impact of Bitcoin price on terrorist attacks is negligible. Bitcoin is a potential means of financing terrorism, but it does not currently play an important role. Our research findings can help investors analyze and predict Bitcoin prices and help improve the theoretical system of anti-terrorist financing, helping to maintain world peace and security.
A three-dimensional investigation of mandibular deviation in patients with mandibular prognathism
Authors: Osawa Kazuaki , Nihara Jun , Nishiyama Hideyoshi , Takahashi Kojiro , Honda Ayako , Atarashi Chihiro , Takagi Ritsuo , Kobayashi Tadaharu , Saito Isao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Craniofacial disharmony in cases of jaw deformity associated with abnormal lateral deviation of the jaw mostly involves both the maxilla and mandible. However, it has been still difficult to capture the jaw deviation aspect in a 3-dimensional and quantitative techniques. In this study, we focused on 3-dimensional mandibular morphology and position of the condylar head in relation to the base of the skull in patients with mandibular prognathism, one of the most common jaw deformities. We used cluster analysis to quantify and classify deviation and clarified its characteristics. We also investigated the degree of correlation between those findings and menton (Me) deviation measured on frontal cephalograms, which is a conventional indicator of jaw deformity.

Results
Findings obtained from 100 patients (35 men, 65 women) were classified into the following three groups based on mandibular morphology and condylar position relative to the skull base. Then, reclassification using these parameters enabled classification of cluster analysis findings into seven groups based on abnormal jaw deviation characteristics. Comparison among these seven groups showed that the classification criteria were ramus height, mandibular body length, distance from the gonion to the apex of the coronoid process, and the lateral and vertical positions of the mandible. Weak correlation was also found between Me deviation on frontal cephalograms and each of the above parameters measured on 3D images.

Conclusions
Focusing on mandibular morphology and condylar position relative to the skull base in patients with mandibular prognathism, we used cluster analysis to quantify and classify jaw deviation. The present results showed that the 3D characteristics of the mandible based on mandibular morphology and condylar position relative to the skull base can be classified into seven groups. Further, we clarified that Me deviation on frontal cephalograms, which has been used to date, is inadequate for capturing jaw deviation characteristics.
Study of twenty non-metric dental crown traits using ASUDAS system in NCR (India) population
Authors: Chowdhry Aman , Popli Deepika Bablani , Sircar Keya , Kapoor Priyanka 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
The non-metric dental crown traits (NDCT) can vary within and between the geo-populations. These play a critical role in the ethnicity determination and help in identification of an individual. A commonly used system for scoring these dental traits is “Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System” (ASUDAS).

Aim and objectives
Our study aims to evaluate the frequency trend of twenty NDCT traits in the India, National Capital Region population using ASUDAS, and check for any significant sexual dimorphism for each trait.

Methods
The maxillary and mandibular dental casts from 200 patients (100 males+100 females, age 18–30 years) reporting to the dental OPD of a Government dental college were evaluated. Twenty dental crown traits were scored as per ASUDAS protocol in each dental cast by three investigators independently. NDCTs were tabulated and the chi-square test was performed for calculation of the P value.

Results
The results showed that the trait cusp number (83%) and lingual cusp variation (79%) were the two most frequent NDCTs and Y groove pattern (13%) and premolar accessory cusp-4 (12.5%) were the two least frequent traits observed. Shoveling of the upper lateral incisor (P=0.007), tuberculum dentale (P=0.049), mesial ridge (lingual) (P=0.034), and hypocone absence (P=0.001) were found to show statistically significant sexual dimorphism (P < 0.05). Although grade-wise expression of shoveling in upper lateral had statistically significant sexual dimorphism and the frequency of higher expression grades was found more in females, overall dichotomy of expression was not significant. Similarly, although an expression of grade-wise tuberculum dentale, mesial ridge (lingual) and hypocone absence had statistically significant sexual dimorphism, an overall dichotomy of expression was not significant.

Conclusion
The current study shows certain NDCTs like cusp number and lingual cusp variation have a significant association with the NCR population. Sexual dimorphism was not significant; hence, future studies should be planned on a large sample with sex pooled data for each precise location and ethnicity in all the regions of India. This can be further correlated with different facial forms and dental occlusal patterns, for correlation with abnormalities in jaws and teeth.
Malpractice and lawsuits in radiology: what the radiologist should know
Authors: Biswas Som , Biswas Srirupa , Awal Sandeep Singh , Goyal Hitesh 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
All medical specialties have an inherent intrinsic risk of malpractice lawsuits. Radiodiagnosis is also not averse to this risk as it involves making decisions under uncertain situations which determine patient management.

Main body
There is an increasing trend of malpractice lawsuits against the radiologist due to the increased involvement of the radiologist in the management of the patient and the ever-increasing reliance of the referring physician on the radiologist for making a diagnosis and guiding management. These lawsuits commonly occur due to patient mismanagement and lack of communication. In this article, we overview the medical malpractice law and the causes of litigations against radiologists. This paper also reviews the ways by which a radiologist can reduce the risks and consequences of these lawsuits.

Conclusion
Awareness of the main medico-legal issues and insurance in the radiology field is very important for the radiologist to protect himself from malpractice litigation.