bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CircFAM114A2 inhibits the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via miR‐630/HHIP axis
Authors: Lai Mingshuang , Li Deyuan , Liu Meiliang , Zhang Ruirui , Wang Lijun , Peng Wenyi , Xu Haotian , Wu Siqian , Liang Si , Gu Ye , Nan Aruo , Zeng Xiaoyun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundMany studies have shown that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are abnormally expressed in various tumor tissues and served as a key regulator in the occurrence and development of cancer. However, in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the molecular mechanism of circRNAs in body fluids remains to be further explored.MethodsThe expression levels of genes and proteins were detected by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and western blotting, respectively. Cell counting Kit‐8 (CCK‐8), 5‐Ethynyl‐2'‐deoxyuridine (EdU), wound healing assay, Transwell assays, flow cytometry, and tumor formation models in nude mice were conducted to investigate the effects of circFAM114A2 on HCC cells both in vitro and in vivo. RNA antisense purification (RAP), dual luciferase reporter assays and rescue assays were carried out to verify the interaction between circFAM114A2, miR‐630 and HHIP.ResultsCircFAM114A2 was significantly downregulated in HCC tissues and was associated with microvascular invasion and lymph node metastasis of HCC patients. We also observed that circFAM114A2 was lowly expressed in HCC plasma, which may serve as an effective biomarker to screen HCC patients from healthy controls (area under curve (AUC)=0.922). In vitro, circFAM114A2 overexpression significantly blunted HCC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoted apoptosis, whereas circFAM114A2 silencing posed opposite effects. In vivo, circFAM114A2 overexpression inhibited the growth of HCC cells. Mechanistically, circFAM114A2 could increase the expression of the tumor suppressor HHIP via acting as a sponge for miR‐630.ConclusionsCircFAM114A2 exerts a tumor suppressor role in HCC through miR‐630/HHIP axis, and may be served as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker for HCC patients.
To Isomerize or not to Isomerize? E/Z Isomers of Cyclic Azobenzene Derivatives and Their Reactivity Upon One‐Electron Reduction
Authors: Glotz Gabriel , Knaipp Konstantin , Maier Martin S. , Hüll Katharina , Novak Alexander , Kelterer Anne‐Marie , Griebenow Thomas , Herges Rainer , Trauner Dirk , Gescheidt Georg 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAzo compounds are efficient electron acceptors. Upon one‐electron reduction they generally isomerize forming the thermodynamically most stable radical anion. Herein we show that the size of the central ring in 1,2‐diazocines and diazonines has a ruling influence on the configuration of the one‐electron reduced species. Markedly, diazonines, which bear a central nine membered heterocycle, show light‐induced E/Z isomerization, but retain the configuration of the diazene N=N moiety upon one‐electron reduction. Accordingly, E/Z isomerization is not induced by reduction.
Tröger's Base‐Based Cuboid Constructed by Chiral Self‐Discrimination
Authors: Shi Conghao , Niu Pengbo , Xie Wang , Jiao Jianmin , Li Yumei , Wang Ranran , Lin Chen , Wang Leyong , Jiang Juli 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCuboid, a basic geometric structure, has been widely applied in architecture and mathematics. In chemistry, the introduction of cuboid structures always provides a specific structural shape, enhances the stability of the structure and improves the performance of materials. Herein, a simple strategy exploiting self‐discrimination to construct a cuboid‐stacking crystal material is proposed, in which a chiral macrocycle (TBBP) based on Tröger's base (TB) and benzophenone (BP) was synthesized as the building element of the cuboid. The cuboid is designed to be transformable compared with cuboid structures in previous work. For this reason, it is considered that the cuboid‐stacking structure can be transformed through external stimulation. Iodine vapor is selected as the external stimulus to transform the cuboid‐stacking structure due to the favorable interaction between iodine and the cuboid. The changes in the stacking mode of TBBP is studied by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction (SCXRD) and powder X‐ray diffraction (PXRD). To our surprise, this Tröger's base‐based cuboid shows strong iodine adsorption capacity up to 3.43 g g−1 and exhibits potential as a crystal material for iodine adsorption.
Fully Tin‐Coated Coinage Metal Ions: A Pincer‐Type Bis‐stannylene Ligand for Exclusive Tetrahedral Complexation
Authors: Krätschmer Frederic , Sun Xiaofei , Gillhuber Sebastian , Kucher Hannes , Franzke Yannick J. , Weigend Florian , Roesky Peter W. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInvited for the cover of this issue are the groups of P. W. Roesky (Karlsruhe) and F. Weigend (Marburg). The image depicts coinage metal cores with tetrahedrally coordinating tin atoms. Read the full text of the article at 10.1002/chem.202203583.
Cardiac amyloidosis: A survey of current awareness, diagnostic modalities, treatment practices, and clinical challenges among cardiologists in selected Middle Eastern countries
Authors: Mohty Dania , Nasr Samer , Ragy Hany , Farhan Hasan A. , Fadel Bahaa , Alayary Islam , Ghoubar Marcelle 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundCardiac amyloidosis (CA) is a chronic progressive disease caused by the deposition of amyloid fibrils in cardiac tissues. Diagnosis and management of CA are complicated and have developed over the years.HypothesisMiddle Eastern countries have significant knowledge disparities in diagnosing, managing, and treating different subtypes of CA.MethodsAn online survey was sent to cardiologists in four countries (Saudi Arabia, Lebanon, Egypt, and Iraq) interested in heart failure and practicing for more than a year. The survey questioned the characteristics of the participants and their institutions. It addressed their knowledge and practices in CA specifically diagnostic modalities, treatment options, and interest in education and knowledge exchange.ResultsA total of 85 physicians participated in the survey. There was a variation in the participating cardiologists' knowledge, experience level, and readiness of their institutes to manage patients with ATTR‐CM. Most participants believed that a high rate of ATTR‐CM misdiagnosis existed. Participants' knowledge of the diagnostic modalities and “red flags” raising suspicion about ATTR‐CM varied. Another challenge was the availability of essential diagnostic modalities among various cardiology centers. A knowledge gap was also observed regarding updates in ATTR‐CM management. However, there was a high endorsement of the need for more education, physician networking, and knowledge exchange.ConclusionsThis survey highlighted the need for increasing awareness levels among cardiologists in the four selected Middle Eastern countries. Cardiologists are most likely to benefit from additional training and knowledge exchange on the latest management advances of this disease. Thus, measures must be taken to focus on the physician's awareness of ATTR‐CM patient journey to achieve a better quality of care and outcome.
Allergic sensitisation and type‐2 inflammation is associated with new‐onset and persistent allergic disease
Authors: Blöndal Viiu , Sundbom Fredrik , Zhou Xingwu , Movérare Robert , Borres Magnus P. , Högman Marieann , Alving Kjell , Malinovschi Andrei , Janson Christer 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundAllergic disease is common. The aim of this study was to look at the change in asthma and rhinitis over time and to characterise factors contributing to remission and persistence of disease.MethodsThis cohort study included 255 individuals with or without asthma and or rhinitis that participated in a population survey and a follow‐up 10 years later. The participants were tested for allergic sensitisation, total IgE, multiplex allergen component analysis and type‐2 inflammatory markers: exhaled nitric oxide (FENO), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and eosinophil‐derived neurotoxin (EDN).ResultsOf the 132 healthy individuals, 112 remained healthy, 16 developed rhinitis, 4 asthma and rhinitis over the 10 years. Out of 82 subjects with rhinitis, 26 went into remission, 53 remained unchanged and 3 developed asthma in addition to rhinitis. None of the 41 participants with asthma and rhinitis went into remission. Subjects with persistent rhinitis and asthma had higher levels of total IgE (odds ratio [OR] 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.16 [3.05–12.5]) at baseline and after 10 years, and FENO and ECP at baseline (OR per log unit increase, 95% CI 5.21 [1.20–22.7] and 6.32 [1.52–26.4], respectively), compared with those that remained healthy. Subjects with persistent rhinitis were more likely to be sensitised to grass pollen and had higher total IgE levels than those that went into remission. Individuals with persistent asthma were more likely to be sensitised to tree pollen and furry animals than those with only persistent rhinitis (OR 95% CI: 3.50 [1.29–9.49] and 6.73 [2.00–22.6], respectively).ConclusionIgE sensitisation and total IgE levels are associated with the persistence of rhinitis and asthma. Participants with persistent allergic disease had higher levels of allergen sensitisation and type 2 inflammation markers at baseline than those who remained healthy.
Mammalian Reoviruses: Propagation, Quantification, and Storage
Authors: Coombs Kevin M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMammalian reoviruses are pathogens that cause gastrointestinal and respiratory infections. In humans, the mammalian reoviruses usually cause mild or subclinical disease, and they are ubiquitous, with most people mounting immunity at a young age. Reoviruses are prototypic representations of the Reoviridae family, which contains many highly pathogenic viruses. This article describes techniques for culturing mouse fibroblast L929 cell lines, the preferred cell line in which most mammalian reovirus studies take place. In addition, mammalian reovirus propagation, quantification, purification, and storage are described. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.Basic Protocol 1: Propagation of mammalian reoviruses in cell culture from virus stocksAlternate Protocol 1: Large‐scale propagation (and purification) of mammalian reoviruses in cell culture from virus stocksBasic Protocol 2: Quantification of mammalian reoviruses by plaque assay with neutral red stainingAlternate Protocol 2: Quantification of mammalian reoviruses by plaque assay with crystal violet stainingBasic Protocol 3: Storage of mammalian reovirusesSupport Protocol 1: Growth and maintenance of mouse L929 cellsSupport Protocol 2: Plating L929 cells
Synthesis and Computational Investigation of Antioxidants Prepared by Oxidative Depolymerization of Lignin and Aldol Condensation of Aromatic Aldehydes
Authors: Gao Daihong , Ouyang Denghao , Bai Yuchen , Zhao Xuebing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractNovel antioxidants are synthesized by CuSO4‐catalyzed oxidative depolymerization of lignin to form aromatic aldehydes followed by aldol condensation with methyl ethyl ketone (MEK). Aldol condensation greatly improves the antioxidation ability of lignin depolymerized products. Three lignin monomeric aromatic aldehydes, – p‐hydroxybenzaldehyde, vanillin, and syringaldehyde – are further employed for aldol condensation with MEK, resulting in successful synthesis of new antioxidants 1‐(4‐hydroxyphenyl)pent‐1‐en‐3‐one (HPPEO), 1‐(4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxyphenyl)pent‐1‐en‐3‐one (HMPPEO), and 1‐(4‐hydroxy‐3,5‐dimethoxyphenyl)pent‐1‐en‐3‐one (HDMPPEO), respectively. Kinetic modeling illustrates that p‐hydroxybenzaldehyde has the highest rate of reaction with MEK, followed by vanillin and then syringaldehyde, which is probably affected by the presence of methoxy groups. The syringaldehyde‐derived product (HDMPPEO) displays the best antioxidation ability. As revealed by density functional theory calculations, electron‐donating groups, such as methoxy, and conjugated side chains effectively improve the antioxidation ability. A hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) mechanism tends to occur in nonpolar solvents, whereas a sequential proton‐loss electron transfer (SPLET) mechanism is favored in polar solvents. This work thus can inspire new pathways for valorization of lignin to produce high value‐added products.
Small‐amplitude kinetic Alfvén solitons for hot electrons taking regularized kappa distribution in Earth's inner magnetosphere
Authors: Li Yushu , Liu Yong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe kinetic Alfvén solitons in a plasma with regularized kappa distributed electron are studied under the small‐amplitude assumption; the analytical solution of the kinetic Alfvén soliton is obtained using the reductive perturbation method. The numerical calculation reveals that the width and amplitude of the soliton decrease with the increase of the cut‐off parameter for fixed spectral index . However, the width and amplitude of the soliton increase for small spectral index and decrease for a larger spectral index in the case of the fixed cut‐off parameter. The properties of the soliton can explain the observed electrostatic structure observed in the Earth's inner magnetosphere.
Resilience of temperate peatland vegetation communities to wildfire depends upon burn severity and pre‐fire species composition
Authors: Davies G. Matt , Gray Alan , Power Simon C. , Domènech Rut 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPeatland ecosystems are of global conservation and environmental importance storing globally significant amounts of ancient carbon, regulating regional temperatures and hydrological regimes, and supporting unique biodiversity. Livestock grazing, land‐use change, drainage, nutrient and acid deposition, and wildfire threaten the composition and function of many peatlands including those in the uplands of the United Kingdom. Presently, little is known about either the short‐ or long‐term effects of wildfires within these systems in the UK. Our study aimed to evaluate how plant communities respond to wildfires across a range of vegetation communities, soil types, and burn severities. We evaluated wildfire burn severity using the ground‐based Composite Burn Index adapted for treeless peatlands. Using paired burned–unburned plots, we quantified differences in the abundance of plant families and functional groups, vegetation diversity, and community composition. Multivariate differences in composition between burned and unburned areas were used as an index of community resilience to fire. Plots in heathland communities with shallow organic soils burned at the highest severities and had the greatest reductions in plant diversity and richness. There were significant declines in plot‐scale species richness and diversity with increasing burn severity. Graminoids were resilient to fire whilst Ericaceae tended to increase with higher severity. Bryophyte composition was substantially altered—pleurocarpous species declined and acrocarpous species increased with greater burn severity. Community resilience was related to ground layer burn severity with higher burn severity driving greater changes in communities. Wildfire effects on temperate peatlands are a function of fire weather and site environmental and ecological characteristics. Management policy should ensure that the risk of severe wildfires is mitigated to protect ecosystem function and biodiversity. This will require system‐specific fire management prescriptions across the gradient of peatland soil and vegetation types.
Cycad phylogeny predicts host plant use of Eumaeus butterflies
Authors: Sierra‐Botero Laura , Calonje Michael , Robbins Robert K. , Rosser Neil , Pierce Naomi E. , López‐Gallego Cristina , Valencia‐Montoya Wendy A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractEumaeus butterflies are obligate herbivores of Zamia, the most diverse neotropical genus of cycads. Eumaeus–Zamia interactions have been characterized mainly for species distributed in North and Central America. However, larval host plant use by the southern Eumaeus clade remains largely unknown, precluding a comprehensive study of co‐evolution between the genera. Here, we combine fieldwork with museum and literature surveys to expand herbivory records for Eumaeus from 21 to 38 Zamia species. We inferred a time‐calibrated phylogeny of Eumaeus to test for distinct macroevolutionary scenarios of larval host plant conservatism and co‐evolution. We found a remarkable coincidence between Eumaeus and Zamia diversification, with the butterfly stem group diverging at the same time as the most recent radiation of Zamia in the Miocene. Cophylogenetic reconciliation analyses show a strong cophylogenetic signal between cycads and their butterfly herbivores. Bipartite model‐based approaches indicate that this is because closely related Zamia species are used by the same Eumaeus species, suggesting larval host plant resource tracking by the butterfly herbivores. Our results highlight a case of tight evolution between Eumaeus butterflies and cycads, pointing to the generality of correlated evolution and phylogenetic tracking in plant–herbivore interactions across seed plants.
A review of light‐controlled programmable metasurfaces for remote microwave control and hybrid signal processing
Authors: Zhang Xin Ge , Sun Ya Lun , Huang Zhixiang , Jiang Wei Xiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProgrammable metamaterials and metasurfaces have gained great interest due to real‐time electromagnetic control and digital information processing capabilities. Different from traditional electrically‐controlled programmable metasurfaces, recently, light‐controlled programmable metasurfaces have been presented, on which the microwaves can be manipulated and modulated wirelessly in the space domain or time domain by incident light. More importantly, such the metasurface platform offers an efficient interface to link directly light and microwave signals, showing huge potential to develop wave‐based optoelectronic hybrid devices and relevant applications. Here, we review some of these recent developments, focusing particularly on the mechanisms of light‐controlled programmable metasurfaces and their fascinating functions from remote microwave control to hybrid signal processing. We survey related implementation methods based on the hybrid integrations of microwave digital metasurfaces and different photoresponsive components including photodiodes, photoresistors, infrared modules, and light sensors, as well as discuss their unique advantages. In the summary, the perspective on the challenges and future directions of light‐controlled programmable metasurfaces are presented.
Neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin as a predictor of pre‐eclampsia: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Sisti Giovanni , Rubin Gal , Zhou Chi , Orth Teresa , Schiattarella Antonio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundProtein neutrophil gelatinase–associated lipocalin (NGAL) has been associated with kidney injury and inflammatory conditions. In particular, several studies have found an association between maternal blood and urine levels and the development of pre‐eclampsia.ObjectivesTo examine whether maternal blood and urine levels of NGAL are good predictors of pre‐eclampsia.Search strategyThe authors searched MEDLINE databases via PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Scielo, Google Scholar, PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials.Selection criteriaThe authors included case–control observational clinical studies comparing protein levels of NGAL in serum and urine in women with pre‐eclampsia with uncomplicated pregnancies. Only studies where the collection of blood or urine was peformed before the occurrence of pre‐eclampsia were selected.Data collection and analysisThe primary outcome was the difference in NGAL levels in blood or urine between women with and without pre‐eclampsia.ResultsSeven studies in total were included: five studies measuring NGAL in blood and two in urine. Regarding the serum studies, 315 patients were included as cases and 540 as controls. Higher NGAL in maternal blood during all three trimesters together was associated with pre‐eclampsia; the standardized mean difference was 1.15 ng/mL (95% confidence interval, 0.92–1.39; P < 0.01). Regarding the urine studies, 39 patients were included as cases and 220 as controls. There was no statistically significant difference between patients with pre‐eclampsia and controls regarding urine NGAL.ConclusionsNGAL in maternal blood is higher in patients who later develop pre‐eclampsia compared with controls and could be used as a potential predicting test in the routine clinical setting.
Development of Serotonin Antagonists for the Control of Chemotherapy‐Induced Emesis
Authors: Hainsworth John D. 
Published: April 2023

Chemotherapy‐induced emesis is one of the most common and severe side effects of systemic cancer therapy. During the 1980s, the development of metoclopramide‐based combination antiemetic regimens resulted in complete or near‐complete control of emesis in 60–70% of patients receiving cisplatin‐based chemotherapy. However, 30–40% of patients remained poorly controlled with these regimens, and bothersome side effects such as extrapyramidal symptoms and sedation hindered therapy in some patients.The selective 5‐hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) inhibitors are a new class of antiemetics that have further improved the control of chemotherapy‐related nausea and vomiting. Ondansetron, the first of these compounds available commercially, has proven superior to high‐dose metoclopramide in controlling cisplatin‐induced emesis. In addition, no extrapyramidal side effects have been observed with ondansetron. Although the currently approved dosing schedule for ondansetron is 0.15 mg/kg intravenously (IV) every 4 hours for three doses, recent data indicate that a single 32 mg dose prior to chemotherapy may be superior. The addition of dexamethasone (10–20 mg IV prior to chemotherapy) improves the efficiency of ondansetron; this combination should be considered in all patients receiving cisplatin‐based chemotherapy. The role of ondansetron in non‐cisplatin chemotherapy is not completely defined, but patients unresponsive to other antiemetic therapy often have improved control with the addition of ondansetron.