bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Discordance between clinical and pathologic staging and the timeliness of care of non‐small cell lung cancer patients diagnosed with operable tumors
Authors: Taylor Oliver , Boardman Glenn , Bentel Jacqueline , Laycock Andrew 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThis study was performed to evaluate concordance between clinical and pathologic staging of non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in our hospital network.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed records of 417 patients with NSCLC who received curative surgery and whose pathology was evaluated in our hospital between 2016 and 2021. Cytology, tissue pathology, and associated clinical, surgical, and imaging information were retrieved from hospital digital records.ResultsThe cohort included 214 female and 203 male patients aged 20.6–85.8 years. Median times among staging computed tomography and surgery (105 days [interquartile range (IQR) 77.0–143.0]), positron emission tomography and surgery (78.5 days [IQR 56.0–109.0]), and endobronchial ultrasound‐guided transbronchial needle aspiration and surgery (59 days [IQR 42–94]) indicated that Australian guidelines of <42 days between original referral and commencement of treatment were not being met in the majority of cases. Discordance between clinical TNM (cTNM) and pathologic TNM staging was 25.9%, including 18.4% cases that were clinically understaged and two patients with undetected stage IVA disease. cTNM understaging was significantly associated with time between the final staging investigation and surgery (p = .023), pleural (p < .05) and vessel (p < .05) invasion, and diagnosis of high‐grade adenocarcinoma (p = .001).ConclusionDiscordance between clinical and pathologic staging of NSCLC is associated with tumor histopathologic characteristics and treatment delays. Although tumor factors that lead to discordant staging cannot be controlled, reduced time to surgery may have resulted in better outcomes for some patients in this potentially curable lung cancer cohort.
Anxious suitcases and their contents
Authors: Sopova Alisa 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe war in Ukraine has uprooted millions of people, forcing them to confront their habitual material environment of home and everyday life in new and unexpected ways. This is particularly the case when they evacuate and must decide what to take with them and what to leave behind. This photo‐essay comprises a selection of objects that, at the moment of crisis, have stepped in to embody important aspects of their owners’ lives. As their owners reflect on them, these objects raise important questions about the affective qualities of materiality. They suggest how in wartime, large‐scale loss and destruction lay bare otherwise taken‐for‐granted affective entanglements between the human and the nonhuman.
Nurse‐led dexmedetomidine sedation for magnetic resonance imaging in children: a 6‐year quality improvement project
Authors: Lin R. , Lin H. , Elder E. , Cerullo A. , Carrington A. , Stuart G. 
Published: January 2023

SummaryWe aimed to safely introduce dexmedetomidine into a nurse‐led sedation service for magnetic resonance imaging in children. Secondary aims were to increase the number of children eligible for sedation and to increase the actual number of children having sedation performed by our nurse sedation team. We analysed 1768 consecutive intravenous and 219 intranasal dexmedetomidine sedation episodes in infants, children and adolescents having magnetic resonance imaging scans between March 2016 and March 2022. The overall sedation success rate was 98.4%, with a 98.9% success rate for intravenous dexmedetomidine and a 95.0% success rate for intranasal dexmedetomidine. The incidence of scan interruption during intravenous and intranasal dexmedetomidine sedation was 8.8% and 21.9%, respectively. We conclude that paediatric sedation with dexmedetomidine for magnetic resonance scanning is safe and successful.
The impact of perceived donor liver quality on post‐transplant outcome
Authors: Dirchwolf Melisa , Becchetti Chiara , Stampf Susanne , Haldimann Christa , Immer Franz , Beyeler Franziska , Toso Christian , Dutkowski Philipp , Candinas Daniel , Dufour Jean‐Francois , Banz Vanessa ,   the Swiss Transplant Cohort Study
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundWe analysed the impact of perceived liver donor quality on transplant recipient outcomes.Methodsthis prospective cohort study included all deceased liver donors during 2008–2018 in the Swiss Transplant Cohort Study. Perceived low‐quality liver donors were defined when refused for ≥5 top listed recipients or for all recipients in at least one centre before being transplanted. The effect of liver donor quality on relisting or recipient death at 1 week and 1 year after transplantation was analysed using Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional hazard models. A 1:3 matching was also performed using a recipient score.ResultsOf 973 liver donors, 187 (19.2%) had perceived poor‐quality. Males, obesity, donation after circulatory death and alanine aminotransferase values were significantly associated with perceived poor‐quality, with no significant effect of the perceived quality on re‐listing or death within the first week and first year post‐transplant [(aHR) = 1.45, 95% CI: (0.6, 3.5), P = 0.41 and aHR = 1.52 (95% CI 0.98–2.35), P = 0.06], adjusting by recipient age and gender, obesity, diabetes, prior liver transplantation and model for end‐stage liver disease (MELD) score. At 1 year, prior liver transplantation and higher MELD score associated with higher risk of re‐listing or death.ConclusionComparable post‐transplant outcomes with different perceived quality liver donors stresses the need to improve donor selection in liver transplantation.
Introduction to surgical coaching
Authors: Willemot Laurent , Lee Matthew J. , Mulford Jonathan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSurgical coaching is a new approach to continuous professional development (CPD). Advocates claim that coaching improves surgical and non‐technical skills, leading to enhanced performance and reduced stress and burnout. Widespread acceptance of coaching in the surgical community is limited due to a paucity of evidence, surgery‐specific obstacles and lack of resources. This narrative review introduces what ‘surgical coaching’ is and describes its origins. Coaching techniques are based on live or video observation of procedures, followed by collaborative analysis, reflection and goal planning in a non‐competitive setting aided by an expert, peer or lay coach. Technical skills improvements have been reported using coaching techniques, yet long‐term influence on non‐technical competencies, overall performance and surgeon wellbeing are largely hypothetical. There are clear potential benefits in the application of surgical coaching to daily surgical practice. However, significant knowledge gaps remain. Dedicated research into the short‐term applicability and the long‐term effects of surgical coaching are required.
Almost half of children and adolescents had unmet need 6 months after their traumatic brain injury
Authors: Dahl Hilde Margrete , Holthe Ingvil Laberg , Løvstad Marianne , Tverdal Cathrine , Andelic Nada , Myhre Mia C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimVery few studies have focused on how children with traumatic brain injuries (TBI) access and use publicly funded healthcare and educational services. We aimed to compare the symptoms, recovery and service use of children with TBIs and a control group with other traumatic injuries.MethodsThis case–control study was conducted at Oslo University Hospital, Norway, from 2015 to 2020. It focused on 49 patients aged 1–15 years who were hospitalised with TBIs and compared them with 51 matched patients with other traumatic injuries. Unmet needs were based on reports from parents, patients and clinicians 6 months after the injury.ResultsMany children hospitalised after TBIs experienced persistent cognitive and emotional symptoms that effected their return to school and subsequent social interactions. These were associated with reduced quality of life. Nearly half (47%) of the children in the TBI group had unmet needs after 6 months, compared to 12% of the controls. Patients with TBIs also had more symptoms and showed less favourable recoveries than the controls.ConclusionPaediatric patients with TBIs had long‐term cognitive and emotional symptoms that affected their return to school and social functioning. Almost half of them had unmet needs 6 months after their acute injury.
Meta‐analysis: The impact of light‐to‐moderate alcohol consumption on progressive non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Authors: Magherman Louise , Van Parys Robbe , Pauwels Nele S. , Verhelst Xavier , Devisscher Lindsey , Van Vlierberghe Hans , Geerts Anja , Lefere Sander 
Published: January 2023

SummaryBackground and AimsNon‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined as fatty liver disease in the absence of heavy alcohol consumption. However, the impact of light‐to‐moderate alcohol consumption on progressive NAFLD and on mortality is presently unclear.MethodsMedline, Embase, OATD and OpenGrey were systematically searched up to November 2022 for relevant cross‐sectional, case–control and cohort studies. The study outcomes were progressive NAFLD—steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and mortality. The entire review process was performed by two independent reviewers. A narrative synthesis was performed for all outcomes, while meta‐analyses, subgroup analyses and publication bias assessment were performed depending on the number of articles.ResultsAfter study selection, 32 articles were included. Cohort studies reported that moderate alcohol intake increased the risk for advanced fibrosis (pooled OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.08–2.26 and HR 1.39; 95% CI 1.22–1.57), which was not observed in cross‐sectional studies. Alcohol use also increased the risk of developing liver cirrhosis and HCC, but seemed to lower the risk of steatohepatitis. Light alcohol consumption protected against all‐cause mortality, an effect not observed in NAFLD patients with moderate intake.ConclusionsThere is wide heterogeneity in studies on the impact of alcohol on progressive NAFLD. Nevertheless, cohort studies reported a significant harmful effect of moderate alcohol consumption on the occurrence of advanced fibrosis. Further research is needed to make valid recommendations with regard to alcohol consumption in patients with NAFLD.
Molecular analysis of phenotypic heterogeneity inJAK2V617F‐positive myeloproliferative neoplasms reveals a potential target for therapy
Authors: Gu Wenjing , Tong Jingyuan , Fu Rongfeng , Sun Ting , Ju Mankai , Zhao Yanhong , Wang Di , Gao Jie , Liu Jinhua , Gao Yuchen , Li Huiyuan , Wang Wentian , Chi Ying , Yang Renchi , Chen Lu , Shi Lihong , Zhang Lei 
Published: January 2023

SummaryJAK2V617F is the most frequent mutation in BCR‐ABL‐negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). It is an important but not the only determinant of MPN phenotype. We performed high‐throughput sequencing on JAK2V617F+ essential thrombocythaemia (ET) and polycythaemia vera (PV) patient samples to unveil factors involved in phenotypic heterogeneity and to identify novel therapeutic targets for MPN. Two concurrent mutations that may affect phenotype were identified, including mutations in SH2B3, which is primarily prevalent in PV, and SF3B1, which is more commonly mutated in ET. Next, we conducted transcriptomic analysis at the haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) and megakaryocyte (MK)‐erythroid progenitor (MEP) levels. Inflammatory signalling pathways were elevated in both ET HSCs and MEPs, unlike in PV HSCs and MEPs. Notably, Wnt/β‐catenin signalling was uniquely upregulated during ET haematopoietic differentiation from HSC to MEP, and inhibiting Wnt/β‐catenin signalling blocked MK differentiation in vitro. Consistently, Wnt/β‐catenin inhibitor administration decreased platelet counts in JAK2V617F+ MPN mice by blocking MEPs and MK progenitors and by inhibiting maturation of MKs, while in wild‐type mice, Wnt/β‐catenin inhibitor did not significantly reduce platelet counts. In conclusion, our findings provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying phenotypic differentiation of JAK2V617F+ PV and ET and indicate Wnt/β‐catenin signalling as a potential therapeutic target for MPN.
Biomarkers for predicting response to corticosteroid therapy for immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Authors: Nakamura Naokazu , Tsunemine Hiroko , Sakai Tomomi , Arima Nobuyoshi 
Published: January 2023

SummaryPatients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) often receive corticosteroids as a first‐line treatment strategy. The ability to predict the therapeutic response to corticosteroids before initiating treatment would reduce the risk of adverse events, but biomarkers of this parameter have not yet been established. Here, in a single‐centre, retrospective, cohort study of 127 ITP patients who received corticosteroids as first‐line treatment, we compared several characteristics and test results between those patients with a favourable response to corticosteroids (responder cohort, n = 68) and those with a poor response to corticosteroids (non‐responder cohort, n = 59) to identify potential biomarkers that were predictive of corticosteroid response. We extracted six factors as indicative of poor response to corticosteroid therapy for ITP: old age (≥81 years) (odds ratio [OR], 2.44; p = 0.02); low platelet count (<9 × 109/L) (OR, 2.25; p = 0.02); high level of platelet‐associated IgG (≥445 ng/107cells) (OR, 3.95; p < 0.01), high platelet distribution width (≥ 14.0 g/dL) (OR, 2.00; p = 0.03), high lymphocyte‐to‐monocyte ratio (≥ 3.52) (OR, 1.40, p = 0.04), and low megakaryocyte count in bone marrow (< 85.5/μl) (OR, 1.72; p = 0.04). Thus, our present data support the fact that these six factors are useful biomarkers for predicting corticosteroid response in patients with ITP.
Palaeoclimatic and regional implications of Older Dryas and Younger Dryas local glacier activity in the low‐Arctic valley Finnkongdalen, Andøya, northern Norway
Authors: Jansen Henrik Løseth , Dahl Svein Olaf , Linge Henriette , Bakke Jostein , Nielsen Pål Ringkjøb , Kvisvik Bjørn Christian 
Published: January 2023

Continuous glacier margin and equilibrium‐line altitude fluctuations of a former glacier on central Andøya, northern Norway, are reconstructed during the Lateglacial based on moraines and AMS 14C‐dated sediments from the distal glacier‐fed lake Ner‐Finnkongdalsvatnet. The results indicate that a valley glacier occupied the entire valley during the Last Glacial Maximum (before 21 970±620 cal. a BP). The glacier remained large throughout the early Lateglacial until a significant glacier retreat took place about 14 300±330 cal. a BP. Major advances occurred during the Older Dryas (OD) and during the Younger Dryas (YD), while minor advances are suggested to have taken place during the Intra Allerød Cold Period and the Late Allerød Cooling. Additionally, three smaller glacier retreats/re‐advances within the YD are suggested to have taken place, the latter being the largest. The glacier re‐formations/advances during the Lateglacial are consistent with increases in temperature, and they are thus suggested to be the result of increased winter precipitation. Comparing the results with relevant glacier and sea‐surface temperature records, a south–north migration of storm tracks may have occurred between 12 100–11 810±220 cal. a BP. The high temporal resolution of local glacier activity in Finnkongdalen improves our understanding of the climate forcing of the regional glacier fluctuations of the northwestern sector of the Scandinavian Ice Sheet during the Skarpnes‐ (OD) and Tromsø‐Lyngen (YD) re‐advances.
Seeing the pandemic through children's eyes: Exploring Turkish children's views on COVID‐19 pandemic by focus‐group discussions
Authors: Şenkal Evrim , Kurt Özlem Murzoğlu , Yalçın Siddika Songül , Koller Donna , Boran Perran 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe direct and indirect effects of the COVID‐19 pandemic on children and youth people are well documented. Little is known about children's experiences of the pandemic in their own words. We aimed to explore Turkish children's experiences and views about the pandemic, across private and public educational systems.MethodsSix focus group discussions were conducted online with 30 children aged between 7 to 18 years in 2021. Children were enrolled through snowball sampling technique according to developmental age groups. A thematic analysis was conducted.ResultsWe identified five themes: Compliance with public health measures about preventing the spread of COVID‐19, changes in daily routines, emotional responses to the pandemic, distance education, and adaptive responses. Overall, children were well informed and receptive to the public health preventive measures with the exception of older children's tendency to disregard physical distancing with friends. They reported frustration with those who did not comply with measures and believed that the authorities should strictly enforce public health requirements. Emotional responses comprised fear of family members and themselves being infected, anxiety produced by the uncertainty of the virus, and the loss of social support. There was a perceived disparity between students from public and private schools regarding academic self‐competence. Positive aspects of the pandemic included positive interactions with family members and the acquisition of new hobbies. Although most children acknowledged the support of their parents to deal with challenges, children of health workers were particularly isolated in terms of emotional support.ConclusionOur findings offer additional insights and validate previous research on the negative and positive effects of COVID‐19 from the child's perspective across private and public educational systems. This study contributes to global advocacy efforts aimed at understanding the impact of the pandemic on children.
N‐methyl‐D‐aspartic acid receptor 2A functionalized stationary phase: A reliable method for pursuing potential ligands against Alzheimer's disease from natural products
Authors: Chen Yuan‐Yuan , Xue Yan , Yin Jia‐Tai , Qu Le‐Jing , Li Hao‐Peng , Li Qian , Zhao Xin‐Feng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimsN‐methyl‐D‐aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors play subunit‐specific role in central neuronal development. However, insights into the pharmacological modulation of NMDA receptors were mainly lack of subunit and synaptic selectivity. The purpose of the present study was to develop a novel strategy to rapidly recognize NMDA subunit 2A (NMDA‐2A) ligands from natural products and provide subunit‐selective drug candidates for Alzheimer's disease (AD).MethodsThe recombinant NMDA‐2A containing a tag of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was expressed in Escherichia coli cells and immobilized on ibrutinib‐modified microspheres based on the specific reaction between EGFR and its inhibitor ibrutinib. A novel affinity stationary phase was synthesized to screen NMDA‐2A ligands from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis.ResultsThe immobilized receptor column exhibited excellent receptor selectivity and ligand‐binding activity. Crocetin was screened by using this method. In a cellular model of AD, the protein level of NMDA‐2A was significantly decreased compared with the control group, while treatment with crocetin significantly increased NMDA‐2A level in a concentration‐dependent manner, confirming that crocetin could bind to NMDA‐2A in vitro.ConclusionIn the present study, we developed a reliable method for the rapid identification of NMDA‐2A ligands from natural products, which may be used as a platform for new drug discovery to generate high‐quality drug candidates.
Unification of power and responsibilities for state‐owned enterprises: A quasi‐natural experiment
Authors: Hu Ning , Yu Shilei , Cao Yanan , Guo Savannah (Yuanyuan) , Wang Yu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractResearch Question/IssueBased on Property Rights Theory and Empowerment Theory, this paper uses the establishment of local State‐Owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commissions (SASACs) as a quasi‐natural experiment to investigate whether and how SASACs improve the efficiency of state‐owned enterprises (SOEs).Research Findings/Insights(1) After the establishment of SASACs, and compared to those not supervised by the SASACs (i.e., the control group), SOEs governed by local SASACs (i.e., the treatment group) have experienced a significant increase in decentralization and empowerment from the government, proxied by corporate pyramid levels. We also find increased pay‐performance sensitivity for SOE managers and higher productivity measured by total factor productivity (TFP). (2) SASACs adopt different strategies to manage SOEs in monopolistic and competitive industries. (3) The above effect of the SASACs is more pronounced in SOEs supervised by high‐quality governments that effectively protect property rights, enforce fair contracts, apply laws and regulations to everyone, and sufficiently refrain from expropriation.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsUsing a quasi‐natural experiment, this paper expands the existing literature on SOE reform from the perspective of incentive reform at the regulatory level based on Property Rights Theory and Empowerment Theory.Practitioner/Policy Implications(1) Privatization is not necessarily the only optimal solution for SOE reform. We show that the unification of power and responsibilities can be very effective and is perhaps less costly and more practical than privatization. Thus, our study provides an encouraging solution for SOE reform for other countries. (2) Countries experiencing SOE reform should also work on strengthening their government quality in order to fully maximize the benefit of the reform.
How boards manage the tension between cognitive conflict and cohesiveness: Illuminating the four board conflict climates
Authors: Engbers Marilieke , Khapova Svetlana N. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractResearch Question/IssueAlthough both cognitive conflict and cohesiveness are quintessential for a supervisory board to fulfill its monitoring and advisory role, cognitive conflict may equally create tension that negatively affects board cohesiveness and performance. How boards manage this tension between conflict and cohesiveness is the key concern of this paper.Research Findings/InsightsAnalysis of the multicase data from 17 Dutch two‐tier supervisory boards reveals that how boards manage the tension between conflict and cohesiveness depends on three attributes: (a) board cohesiveness, (b) the board's conflict norms formation and (c) the board's dominant conflict management style. These attributes shape volatile board conflict climates. Four conflict climates are identified: (a) compliance climate, (b) pseudocohesive climate, (c) conflict climate, and (d) agree‐to‐disagree climate.Theoretical/Academic ImplicationsOur study makes three contributions. First, it suggests that boards avoid conflict but are nonetheless often not cohesive. Second, it reveals that boards have conflict management styles that include action patterns distinct from those reported in the extant literature since these patterns emerged from exploring what board members think and feel but do not openly say. Third, we develop new insights into how boards implicitly and continuously form conflict norms and propose that boards require explicit, conscious, and shared conflict norms to enact productive conflict management action patterns.Practitioner/Policy ImplicationsA conceptual model is proposed that facilitates reflection of board decision‐making and effectiveness and that maps out actions the boards can take to address the tension between cognitive conflict and cohesiveness.