bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Hydrogen Challenge: Requirements for Future Materials
Authors: Fechte-Heinen R. , Fuhrländer D. , Mehner A. , Decho H. , Castens M. , Burkart K. , Tinscher R. , Stührmann T. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The use of hydrogen as a climate-friendly energy source is gaining strongly in importance, as it represents the only solution for short- to medium-term decarbonization for some industrial sectors, such as the steel and basic materials industries. Increasing innovation density and scaling of electrolysis is creating a broader range of uses and applications. So-called green hydrogen can be used as a raw material (basic industry), process gas (direct steel reduction), burner gas (heat treatment) or energy carrier (e.g. transport, energy storage).
Depending on the application, hydrogen acts in a cryogenic liquid or gaseous state on the materials with which it comes into contact. This gives rise to various technical requirements that need to be controlled. For the application of hydrogen in large-scale and mass production, appropriate materials and processes will have to be developed that can be used economically and scalably.
Considerable R&D activities will be required in the future, from the processing of the starting materials, their property adjustment by heat treatment and coating, to manufacturing processes and testing. This article highlights the current status for selected areas and discusses future material requirements and development potential.
On the use of L-functionals in regression models
Authors: Hössjer Ola , Karlsson Måns 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
In this article, we survey and unify a large class or

L

L

-functionals of the conditional distribution of the response variable in regression models. This includes robust measures of location, scale, skewness, and heavytailedness of the response, conditionally on covariates. We generalize the concepts of

L

L

-moments (G. Sillito, Derivation of approximants to the inverse distribution function of a continuous univariate population from the order statistics of a sample, Biometrika 56 (1969), no. 3, 641–650.),

L

L

-skewness, and

L

L

-kurtosis (J. R. M. Hosking, L-moments: analysis and estimation of distributions using linear combinations or order statistics, J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. B Stat. Methodol. 52 (1990), no. 1, 105–124.) and introduce order numbers for a large class of

L

L

-functionals through orthogonal series expansions of quantile functions. In particular, we motivate why location, scale, skewness, and heavytailedness have order numbers 1, 2, (3,2), and (4,2), respectively, and describe how a family of

L

L

-functionals, with different order numbers, is constructed from Legendre, Hermite, Laguerre, or other types of polynomials. Our framework is applied to models where the relationship between quantiles of the response and the covariates follows a transformed linear model, with a link function that determines the appropriate class of

L

L

-functionals. In this setting, the distribution of the response is treated parametrically or nonparametrically, and the response variable is either censored/truncated or not. We also provide a framework for asymptotic theory of estimates of

L

L

-functionals and illustrate our approach by analyzing the arrival time distribution of migrating birds. In this context, a novel version of the coefficient of determination is introduced, which makes use of the abovementioned orthogonal series expansion.
The function of Foxp1 represses β-adrenergic receptor transcription in the occurrence and development of bladder cancer through STAT3 activity
Authors: Ding Zhenshan , Jiao Binbin , Chen Xuelong , Chen Xing , Jiao Yangtian , Wang Jianfeng , Zhou Xiaofeng 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor. FOXP1 has been found to be abnormally expressed in tumors such as renal cell carcinoma and endometrial cancer. Here, this investigated the biological roles of Foxp1 in the occurrence and development of bladder cancer. Patients with bladder cancer were obtained from China-Japan Friendship Hospital. Bladder cancer cell lines (5637, UMUC3, J82, and T24 cell) were used in this experiment. Foxp1 mRNA and protein expression levels in patients with bladder cancer were increased, compared with paracancerous tissue (normal). OS and DFS of Foxp1 low expression in patients with bladder cancer were higher than those of Foxp1 high expression. Foxp1 promoted bladder cancer cell growth in vitro model. Foxp1 increased the Warburg effect of bladder cancer. Foxp1 suppressed β-adrenoceptor (β-AR) expression in vitro model. ChIP-seq showed that Foxp1 binding site (E1, TTATTTAT) was detected at −2,251 bp upstream of the β-AR promoter. β-AR Reduced the effects of Foxp1 on cell growth in vitro model. β-AR reduced the effects of Foxp1 on the Warburg effect in vitro model by STAT3 activity. Taken together, our findings reveal that Foxp1 promoted the occurrence and development of bladder cancer through the Warburg effect by the activation of STAT3 activity and repressing β-AR transcription, and which might serve as an important clue for its targeting and treatment of bladder cancer.
Effect of RUNX1/FOXP3 axis on apoptosis of T and B lymphocytes and immunosuppression in sepsis
Authors: Chao Yangfa , Huang Wenting , Xu Zhiheng , Li Ping , Gu Shaodong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Lymphocyte apoptosis is a latent factor for immunosuppression in sepsis. Forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3) can interact with RUNX family transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) in regulatory T cells. Our research was to probe whether RUNX1/FOXP3 axis affects immunosuppression in the process of sepsis by modulating T and B lymphocyte apoptosis. We constructed sepsis model in mice and mouse CD4+ T and CD19+ B lymphocytes. RUNX1 and FOXP3 expressions and apoptosis in cells were assessed by western blot, quantitative real-time PCR, and flow cytometer. Inflammation of serum and pathological damage was assessed by ELISA and H&E staining. Relationship between RUNX1 and FOXP3 was assessed by co-immunoprecipitation. The findings showed that RUNX1 ameliorated the survival rate, pathological damage, and decreased inflammation-related factors, and inhibited apoptosis of CD4+ T and CD19+ B cells in cecal ligation and puncture mice. Furthermore, RUNX1 up-regulated the viability and down-regulated apoptotic rate with the changed expressions of apoptosis-related molecules in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated CD4+ T and CD19+ B cells. Additionally, FOXP3 interacted with RUNX1, and its silencing decreased RUNX1 expression and reversed the inhibitory effect of RUNX1 on apoptosis of LPS-mediated CD4+ T and CD19+ B cells. In summary, the RUNX1/FOXP3 axis alleviated immunosuppression in sepsis progression by weakening T and B lymphocyte apoptosis.
Circular plastics technologies: depolymerization of polymers into parent monomers
Authors: Knauer Katrina , Higginson Cody , Liang Yuanzhe , Lee Minjung 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
While most commodity plastics were not designed to easily depolymerize, some common plastics can be broken down into their parent monomers in the presence of heat, pressure, catalysts, and/or solvent. Here, we provide a high-level overview of the depolymerization technologies that have been studied and/or scaled as promising monomer-loop recycling processes for selective plastic waste streams. Namely, commodity plastics that are considered unzippable/depolymerizable include polyethylene terephthalate, polyamides, polymethyl methacrylate, and polystyrene. Monomer-loop recycling technologies are one of several pathways toward a circular economy for plastics.
Nicotine Decreases Nerve Regeneration and Pain Behaviors via PTEN and Downstream Inflammation-Related Pathway in Two Rat Nerve Injury Models
Authors: Fang Yehong , Zhang Tingkai , Li Ling , Chen Shanshan , Wang Liangliang , Tang Jinsong , Liao Yanhui 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNeuropathic pain is stubborn and associated with the peripheral nerve regeneration process. Nicotine has been found to reduce pain, but whether it is involved in the regulation of nerve regeneration and the underlying mechanism are unknown. In this study, we examined the mechanical allodynia thermal hyperalgesia together with the peripheral nerve regeneration after nicotine exposure in two rat neuropathic pain models. In the spinal nerve ligation model, in which anatomic nerve regeneration can be easily observed, nicotine reduced anatomic measures of regeneration as well as expression of regeneration marker growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43). In the tibial nerve crush model, nicotine treatment significantly suppressed GAP43 expression and functional reinnervation as measured by myelinated action potential and electromyography of gastrocnemius. In both models, nicotine treatment reduced macrophage density in the sensory ganglia and peripheral nerve. These effects of nicotine were reversed by the selective α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) blocker methyllycaconitine. In addition, nicotine significantly elevated expression of PTEN (the phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10), a key player in both regeneration and pain. Pharmacological interference of PTEN could regulate GAP43 expression, pain-related behaviors, and macrophage infiltration in a nicotine-treated nerve crush model. Our results reveal that nicotine and its α7-nAChR regulate both peripheral nerve regeneration process and pain though PTEN and the downstream inflammation-related pathway.
Dissociable Neural Mechanisms Underlie the Effects of Attention on Visual Appearance and Response Bias
Authors: Itthipuripat Sirawaj , Phangwiwat Tanagrit , Wiwatphonthana Praewpiraya , Sawetsuttipan Prapasiri , Chang Kai-Yu , Störmer Viola S. , Woodman Geoffrey F. , Serences John T. 
Published: August 2023

A prominent theoretical framework spanning philosophy, psychology, and neuroscience holds that selective attention penetrates early stages of perceptual processing to alter the subjective visual experience of behaviorally relevant stimuli. For example, searching for a red apple at the grocery store might make the relevant color appear brighter and more saturated compared with seeing the exact same red apple while searching for a yellow banana. In contrast, recent proposals argue that data supporting attention-related changes in appearance reflect decision- and motor-level response biases without concurrent changes in perceptual experience. Here, we tested these accounts by evaluating attentional modulations of EEG responses recorded from male and female human subjects while they compared the perceived contrast of attended and unattended visual stimuli rendered at different levels of physical contrast. We found that attention enhanced the amplitude of the P1 component, an early evoked potential measured over visual cortex. A linking model based on signal detection theory suggests that response gain modulations of the P1 component track attention-induced changes in perceived contrast as measured with behavior. In contrast, attentional cues induced changes in the baseline amplitude of posterior alpha band oscillations (∼9-12 Hz), an effect that best accounts for cue-induced response biases, particularly when no stimuli are presented or when competing stimuli are similar and decisional uncertainty is high. The observation of dissociable neural markers that are linked to changes in subjective appearance and response bias supports a more unified theoretical account and demonstrates an approach to isolate subjective aspects of selective information processing.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTDoes attention alter visual appearance, or does it simply induce response bias? In the present study, we examined these competing accounts using EEG and linking models based on signal detection theory. We found that response gain modulations of the visually evoked P1 component best accounted for attention-induced changes in visual appearance. In contrast, cue-induced baseline shifts in alpha band activity better explained response biases. Together, these results suggest that attention concurrently impacts visual appearance and response bias, and that these processes can be experimentally isolated.
Determination of vitamin D status in singleton and twin gestations using CLIA and LC-MS/MS
Authors: Zgliczyńska Magdalena , Ostrowska Magdalena , Żebrowska Kinga , Szymusik Iwona , Kowalski Konrad , Leszczyńska Dorota , Kosińska-Kaczyńska Katarzyna 
Published: August 2023

Objective
Vitamin D plays an important role during pregnancy. The aim was to compare vitamin D status in a group of singleton (SP) and twin pregnancies (TP) using two diagnostic methods: chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).

Design
This is a cross-sectional study.

Methods
The study was conducted in the population of SP and TP at the gestational age above 20 + 0 at the Bielanski Hospital in Warsaw, Poland, between October 2020 and January 2023. All patients had their venous blood samples collected and were given an original survey containing questions on demography and vitamin D supplementation.

Results
The study group included 53 Caucasian women with SP and 78 with TP aged from 21 to 47. Considering LC-MS/MS, patients with TP had lower concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) than patients with SP. However, no significant difference was observed in the frequency of the occurrence of vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D < 30 ng/mL). In both groups, the levels obtained with CLIA were significantly lower than in case of LC-MS/MS, however, strongly correlated. The intermethod agreement accounted for 52.4% and the Cohen’s kappa coefficient was 0.142.

Conclusions
The concentration of 25(OH)D in pregnant women depends on the type of gestation (SP/TP) and on the diagnostic methods used (CLIA/LC-MS/MS). Based on LC-MS/MS, the incidence of vitamin D deficiency was low in our group and no differences occurred in its frequency between SP and TP. The intermethod agreement between CLIA and LC-MS/MS on the detection of vitamin D deficiency was low.

Significance statement
This is the first study to compare the concentration of 25(OH)D levels between SP and TP using two methods: CLIA and the gold standard – LC-MS/MS. Based on LC-MS/MS, a low incidence of vitamin D deficiency was observed in our group, in which the vast majority of patients took cholecalciferol supplements. Moreover, there were no differences in its frequency between SP and TP. However, the 25(OH)D level was significantly lower in TP. The intermethod agreement between CLIA and LC-MS/MS on the detection of vitamin D deficiency was low, which is associated with substantial clinical implications.
Virtuoso of Pathophysiological Experiment: to the 100th Anniversary of Academician V. K. Kulagin
Authors: Tsygan V. N. , Mamaeva S. A. 
Published: August 2023

Aim. To analyze the contribution of V. K. Kulagin, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Pathological Physiology of the Military Medical Academy into development of scientific perspectives concerning the etiology, pathogenesis and therapy of traumatic shock, following thorough analysis of 1950–1980s series of featured publications. We analyzed the general theoretical views of the scientist, his methodological preferences in organizing laboratory experiments, the methodology for developing standard models for conducting experiments, choosing indicators and evaluation criteria. We brought to recollection the proposed by V. K. Kulagin approach to traumatic shock staging and phases relative to the leading pathogenetic factor; highlighted some of the key topics and results of his experimental research related to individual resistance to shock, prerequisites of shock irreversibility and factors complicating the course of traumatic shock.Conclusion. Theoretical and experimental inventions of V. K. Kulagin are relevant to the present day and are of great importance for further progress of medical science.
Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorders: the Legacy of Almost 400 Years of History (Review)
Authors: Berikashvili L. B. , Kadantseva K. K. , Ermokhina N. V. , Yadgarov M. Ya. , Makarevich D. G. , Smirnova A.  V. , Likhvantsev V. V. 
Published: August 2023

The history of the study of postoperative neurocognitive disorders (PND) looks as a long and thorny path of more than 400 years. Despite all accumulated data on PND risk factors and outcomes, there’s still no complete understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of this complication. Moreover, current anesthesiologyresuscitation practice still faces challenges and has pending questions in diagnosis and classification of postoperative neurocognitive disorders.The purpose of the review. To contemplate the evolution in the perceptions of the international medical community (IMC) regarding diagnostic approaches and algorithms in PND management. The review covers the history of development of such PND concepts as postoperative delirium, postoperative cognitive dysfunction, emergence agitation and emergence delirium. Also, the pre-existing and current international classifications of postoperative neurocognitive disorders are discussed in chronological order, supplemented by the analysis of their strengths and weaknesses. The paper also delves into current viewpoints concerning the etiology of particular postoperative neurocognitive disorders, and PND potential relevance for postoperative outcomes.Conclusion. Current algorithms and modalities used for PND diagnosis, are novel but yet not ultimate for IMC in the context of continuous progress in medical practice. Early postoperative neurocognitive disorders remain the most poorly studied phenomena with no approved definitions and diagnostic modalities to identify. It is probably the time for IMC to undertake a joint effort to find answers to current unresolved questions regarding postoperative neurocognitive disorders.
POTENSI INVASIF IKAN ZEBRA CICHLID (Amatitlania nigrofasciata Günther, 1867)DI DANAU BERATAN, BALI DITINJAU DARI ASPEK BIOLOGINYA
Authors: Sentosa Agus Arifin , Wijaya Danu 
Published: August 2023

Danau Beratan yang terletak di kawasan Bedugul, Bali telah terintroduksiikan zebra cichlid (Amatitlania nigrofasciata Günther, 1867) secara tidak sengaja. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui potensi ikan zebra sebagai ikan asing invasif di Danau Beratan berdasarkan kajian pada beberapa aspek biologinya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei lapang di Danau Beratan, Bali pada bulan Mei, Juli dan Oktober 2011. Contoh ikan diperoleh menggunakan jaring insang percobaan dan jaring tarik. Analisis data meliputi hubungan panjang berat, faktor kondisi, parameter pertumbuhan, kebiasaan makanan dan aspek reproduksi ikan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ikan zebra mendominasi hasil penangkapan. Ikan tersebut memiliki faktor kondisi yang baik dengan nilai laju pertumbuhan tahunan (K) yang tinggi, bersifat generalis dalam memanfaatkan sumber daya makanan dan matang gonad pada ukuran panjang yang kecil. Karakteristik biologi inimengindikasikan ikan tersebut memiliki potensi invasif yang cukup tinggi. Lake Beratanislocated inBedugul, Balihas been an unintentional introduction ofzebracichlid(Amatitlania nigrofasciataGünther, 1867). The aim of this research was to determine thepotential ofzebra cichlid becomeinvasivealienfish speciesinLake Beratanbasedonseveralbiological aspects.The study was carried outby field surveymethods in Lake Beratan, Bali on May, JulyandOctober 2011. Fish samples was obtained usingexperimentalgillnetsandmodification ofseine nets. Data analysis included the lengthweightrelationship, conditionfactor, growth parameters, foodhabitsand its reproduction aspects. The results showedthat zebracichliddominatethe experimental catchin LakeBeratan. Analysis showedthese fishhavea goodconditionwith ahigh growth rate, have a generalist characteristic in exploitingthe natural food resourcesandmatureat small length size. A reviewforseveral biological aspects ofthe zebra cichlidshowedthatfishhavea highinvasivepotentialinLake Beratan.
The Strategy of Tuan Guru In The Election of The West Lombok Legislative
Authors: Solihan Solihan , Hafis Bin Amat Simin Mohamad , Sukri Muhammad 
Published: August 2023

The purpose of this research is to describe the strategy of Tuan Guru in the election of the West Lombok legislature. The research question is: What are the factors behind Tuan Guru’s entry into the world of practical politics? What is the Tuan Guru strategy in politics? What was the significant impact on the development of West Lombok in the Tuan Guru era following politics? This research uses qualitative methods based on phenomena. The finding in this research is the purpose of Tuan Guru’s involvement in politics are power and sources of power, positional power, and personal power. As for the strategy of Tuan Guru to garner support as a candidate for the legislature or executive, it is utilizing a network of students and alumni, a family network, fellow Tuan Guru, majlis ta'lim to conduct political socialization. And the last, the significant impact on the development of West Lombok in the Tuan Guru era following politics, bringing economic growth, politics, and democracy.
Biokomposit Papan Partikel diperkuat Serat Alam Sabut Kelapa dan Tempurung Kelapa dan matriks epoksi
Authors: Ginting Delovita , Syahputra Romi Fadli , Jannah Wirdatul 
Published: August 2023

Papan partikel serat alami (biokomposit) dapat dijadikan alternatif pengganti material konvensional karena ramah lingkungan, sumber terbarukan dan sifatnya yang dapat terurai secara alami. Penelitian ini menyajikan studi tentang karakterisasi mekanik dan fisis papan partikel polimer diperkuat serat alam yaitu sabut kelapa dan tempurung kelapa. Variabel tetap dalam penelitian ini adalah jumlah fraksi matriks yaitu resin eposki. Variabel fraksi massa penyusun papan partikel dalam penelitian ini yaitu sabut kelapa:tempurung kelapa :epoksi adalah PP1 (30:0:70), PP2 (22,5:7,5:70), PP3 (15:15:70), PP4 (7,5:22,5:70), dan PP5 (0:30:70). Papan partikel diuji kelenturannya menggunakan mesin Universal Testing Machine mengacu pada ASTM D 7-90-03, ketangguhan impak sampel menggunakan mesin Impact Tester mengacu pada ASTM D 6110. Sampel diuji kerapatan dan pengembangan tebalnya mengacu SNI 03-2105-2006. Hasil pengujian sampel menunjukkan nilai kerapatan optimum pada sampel PP3 yaitu sebesar 1,05 g/cm3 dengan sampel diperkuat sabut kelapa dan tempurung kelapa. Hasil pengujian nilai uji ketangguhan impak optimum pada sampel PP5 yaitu sebesar 3.20 J/cm2 dan hasil pengujian nilai uji kuat lentur optimum pada sampel PP5 yaitu 382,29 Kgf/cm2 dengan sampel diperkuat tempurung kelapa. Natural fiber particle board (biocomposite) can be used as an alternative to conventional materials because it is environmentally friendly, a renewable source and is naturally biodegradable. This research presents a study on the mechanical and physical characterization of natural fiber reinforced polymer particle board, namely coconut coir and coconut shell. The fixed variable in this study was the number of matrix fractions, namely epoch resin. The variable mass fraction of the particle board in this study was coconut coir:coconut shell:epoxy was PP1 (30:0:70), PP2 (22,5:7,5:70), PP3 (15:15:70), PP4 (7,5:22,5:70), and PP5 (0:30:70). Particle board was tested for flexibility using the Universal Testing Machine referring to ASTM D 7-90-03, the impact toughness of the samples using the Impact Tester machine referring to ASTM D 6110. The samples were tested for density and thickness expansion referring to SNI 03-2105-2006. The results of the sample testing showed that the optimum density value for the PP3 sample was 1.05 g/cm3 for the reinforced coconut coir and coconut shell samples. The test results for the optimum impact toughness test value on the PP5 sample were 3.20 J/cm2 and the test results for the optimum flexural strength test value on the PP5 sample were 382.29 Kgf/cm2 with the coconut shell reinforced sample.