bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec G395H
Authors: Alderson Lili , Wakeford Hannah R. , Alam Munazza K. , Batalha Natasha E. , Lothringer Joshua D. , Adams Redai Jea , Barat Saugata , Brande Jonathan , Damiano Mario , Daylan Tansu , Espinoza Néstor , Flagg Laura , Goyal Jayesh M. , Grant David , Hu Renyu , Inglis Julie , Lee Elspeth K. H. , Mikal-Evans Thomas , Ramos-Rosado Lakeisha , Roy Pierre-Alexis , Wallack Nicole L. , Batalha Natalie M. , Bean Jacob L. , Benneke Björn , Berta-Thompson Zachory K. , Carter Aarynn L. , Changeat Quentin , Colón Knicole D. , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Désert Jean-Michel , Foreman-Mackey Daniel , Gibson Neale P. , Kreidberg Laura , Line Michael R. , López-Morales Mercedes , Molaverdikhani Karan , Moran Sarah E. , Morello Giuseppe , Moses Julianne I. , Mukherjee Sagnick , Schlawin Everett , Sing David K. , Stevenson Kevin B. , Taylor Jake , Aggarwal Keshav , Ahrer Eva-Maria , Allen Natalie H. , Barstow Joanna K. , Bell Taylor J. , Blecic Jasmina , Casewell Sarah L. , Chubb Katy L. , Crouzet Nicolas , Cubillos Patricio E. , Decin Leen , Feinstein Adina D. , Fortney Joanthan J. , Harrington Joseph , Heng Kevin , Iro Nicolas , Kempton Eliza M.-R. , Kirk James , Knutson Heather A. , Krick Jessica , Leconte Jérémy , Lendl Monika , MacDonald Ryan J. , Mancini Luigi , Mansfield Megan , May Erin M. , Mayne Nathan J. , Miguel Yamila , Nikolov Nikolay K. , Ohno Kazumasa , Palle Enric , Parmentier Vivien , Petit dit de la Roche Dominique J. M. , Piaulet Caroline , Powell Diana , Rackham Benjamin V. , Redfield Seth , Rogers Laura K. , Rustamkulov Zafar , Tan Xianyu , Tremblin P. , Tsai Shang-Min , Turner Jake D. , de Val-Borro Miguel , Venot Olivia , Welbanks Luis , Wheatley Peter J. , Zhang Xi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMeasuring the abundances of carbon and oxygen in exoplanet atmospheres is considered a crucial avenue for unlocking the formation and evolution of exoplanetary systems1,2. Access to the chemical inventory of an exoplanet requires high-precision observations, often inferred from individual molecular detections with low-resolution space-based3–5 and high-resolution ground-based6–8 facilities. Here we report the medium-resolution (R ≈ 600) transmission spectrum of an exoplanet atmosphere between 3 and 5 μm covering several absorption features for the Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b (ref. 9), obtained with the Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) G395H grating of JWST. Our observations achieve 1.46 times photon precision, providing an average transit depth uncertainty of 221 ppm per spectroscopic bin, and present minimal impacts from systematic effects. We detect significant absorption from CO2 (28.5σ) and H2O (21.5σ), and identify SO2 as the source of absorption at 4.1 μm (4.8σ). Best-fit atmospheric models range between 3 and 10 times solar metallicity, with sub-solar to solar C/O ratios. These results, including the detection of SO2, underscore the importance of characterizing the chemistry in exoplanet atmospheres and showcase NIRSpec G395H as an excellent mode for time-series observations over this critical wavelength range10.
Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRISS
Authors: Feinstein Adina D. , Radica Michael , Welbanks Luis , Murray Catriona Anne , Ohno Kazumasa , Coulombe Louis-Philippe , Espinoza Néstor , Bean Jacob L. , Teske Johanna K. , Benneke Björn , Line Michael R. , Rustamkulov Zafar , Saba Arianna , Tsiaras Angelos , Barstow Joanna K. , Fortney Jonathan J. , Gao Peter , Knutson Heather A. , MacDonald Ryan J. , Mikal-Evans Thomas , Rackham Benjamin V. , Taylor Jake , Parmentier Vivien , Batalha Natalie M. , Berta-Thompson Zachory K. , Carter Aarynn L. , Changeat Quentin , dos Santos Leonardo A. , Gibson Neale P. , Goyal Jayesh M. , Kreidberg Laura , López-Morales Mercedes , Lothringer Joshua D. , Miguel Yamila , Molaverdikhani Karan , Moran Sarah E. , Morello Giuseppe , Mukherjee Sagnick , Sing David K. , Stevenson Kevin B. , Wakeford Hannah R. , Ahrer Eva-Maria , Alam Munazza K. , Alderson Lili , Allen Natalie H. , Batalha Natasha E. , Bell Taylor J. , Blecic Jasmina , Brande Jonathan , Caceres Claudio , Casewell S. L. , Chubb Katy L. , Crossfield Ian J. M. , Crouzet Nicolas , Cubillos Patricio E. , Decin Leen , Désert Jean-Michel , Harrington Joseph , Heng Kevin , Henning Thomas , Iro Nicolas , Kempton Eliza M.-R. , Kendrew Sarah , Kirk James , Krick Jessica , Lagage Pierre-Olivier , Lendl Monika , Mancini Luigi , Mansfield Megan , May E. M. , Mayne N. J. , Nikolov Nikolay K. , Palle Enric , Petit dit de la Roche Dominique J. M. , Piaulet Caroline , Powell Diana , Redfield Seth , Rogers Laura K. , Roman Michael T. , Roy Pierre-Alexis , Nixon Matthew C. , Schlawin Everett , Tan Xianyu , Tremblin P. , Turner Jake D. , Venot Olivia , Waalkes William C. , Wheatley Peter J. , Zhang Xi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Saturn-mass exoplanet WASP-39b has been the subject of extensive efforts to determine its atmospheric properties using transmission spectroscopy1–4. However, these efforts have been hampered by modelling degeneracies between composition and cloud properties that are caused by limited data quality5–9. Here we present the transmission spectrum of WASP-39b obtained using the Single-Object Slitless Spectroscopy (SOSS) mode of the Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) instrument on the JWST. This spectrum spans 0.6–2.8 μm in wavelength and shows several water-absorption bands, the potassium resonance doublet and signatures of clouds. The precision and broad wavelength coverage of NIRISS/SOSS allows us to break model degeneracies between cloud properties and the atmospheric composition of WASP-39b, favouring a heavy-element enhancement (‘metallicity’) of about 10–30 times the solar value, a sub-solar carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) ratio and a solar-to-super-solar potassium-to-oxygen (K/O) ratio. The observations are also best explained by wavelength-dependent, non-grey clouds with inhomogeneous coverageof the planet’s terminator.
Early Release Science of the exoplanet WASP-39b with JWST NIRSpec PRISM
Authors: Rustamkulov Z. , Sing D. K. , Mukherjee S. , May E. M. , Kirk J. , Schlawin E. , Line M. R. , Piaulet C. , Carter A. L. , Batalha N. E. , Goyal J. M. , López-Morales M. , Lothringer J. D. , MacDonald R. J. , Moran S. E. , Stevenson K. B. , Wakeford H. R. , Espinoza N. , Bean J. L. , Batalha N. M. , Benneke B. , Berta-Thompson Z. K. , Crossfield I. J. M. , Gao P. , Kreidberg L. , Powell D. K. , Cubillos P. E. , Gibson N. P. , Leconte J. , Molaverdikhani K. , Nikolov N. K. , Parmentier V. , Roy P. , Taylor J. , Turner J. D. , Wheatley P. J. , Aggarwal K. , Ahrer E. , Alam M. K. , Alderson L. , Allen N. H. , Banerjee A. , Barat S. , Barrado D. , Barstow J. K. , Bell T. J. , Blecic J. , Brande J. , Casewell S. , Changeat Q. , Chubb K. L. , Crouzet N. , Daylan T. , Decin L. , Désert J. , Mikal-Evans T. , Feinstein A. D. , Flagg L. , Fortney J. J. , Harrington J. , Heng K. , Hong Y. , Hu R. , Iro N. , Kataria T. , Kempton E. M.-R. , Krick J. , Lendl M. , Lillo-Box J. , Louca A. , Lustig-Yaeger J. , Mancini L. , Mansfield M. , Mayne N. J. , Miguel Y. , Morello G. , Ohno K. , Palle E. , Petit dit de la Roche D. J. M. , Rackham B. V. , Radica M. , Ramos-Rosado L. , Redfield S. , Rogers L. K. , Shkolnik E. L. , Southworth J. , Teske J. , Tremblin P. , Tucker G. S. , Venot O. , Waalkes W. C. , Welbanks L. , Zhang X. , Zieba S. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTransmission spectroscopy1–3 of exoplanets has revealed signatures of water vapour, aerosols and alkali metals in a few dozen exoplanet atmospheres4,5. However, these previous inferences with the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes were hindered by the observations’ relatively narrow wavelength range and spectral resolving power, which precluded the unambiguous identification of other chemical species—in particular the primary carbon-bearing molecules6,7. Here we report a broad-wavelength 0.5–5.5 µm atmospheric transmission spectrum of WASP-39b8, a 1,200 K, roughly Saturn-mass, Jupiter-radius exoplanet, measured with the JWST NIRSpec’s PRISM mode9 as part of the JWST Transiting Exoplanet Community Early Release Science Team Program10–12. We robustly detect several chemical species at high significance, including Na (19σ), H2O (33σ), CO2 (28σ) and CO (7σ). The non-detection of CH4, combined with a strong CO2 feature, favours atmospheric models with a super-solar atmospheric metallicity. An unanticipated absorption feature at 4 µm is best explained by SO2 (2.7σ), which could be a tracer of atmospheric photochemistry. These observations demonstrate JWST’s sensitivity to a rich diversity of exoplanet compositions and chemical processes.
Brominated lipid probes expose structural asymmetries in constricted membranes
Authors: Moss Frank R. , Lincoff James , Tucker Maxwell , Mohammed Arshad , Grabe Michael , Frost Adam 
Published: January 2023

AbstractLipids in biological membranes are thought to be functionally organized, but few experimental tools can probe nanoscale membrane structure. Using brominated lipids as contrast probes for cryo-EM and a model ESCRT-III membrane-remodeling system composed of human CHMP1B and IST1, we observed leaflet-level and protein-localized structural lipid patterns within highly constricted and thinned membrane nanotubes. These nanotubes differed markedly from protein-free, flat bilayers in leaflet thickness, lipid diffusion rates and lipid compositional and conformational asymmetries. Simulations and cryo-EM imaging of brominated stearoyl-docosahexanenoyl-phosphocholine showed how a pair of phenylalanine residues scored the outer leaflet with a helical hydrophobic defect where polyunsaturated docosahexaenoyl tails accumulated at the bilayer surface. Combining cryo-EM of halogenated lipids with molecular dynamics thus enables new characterizations of the composition and structure of membranes on molecular length scales.
Electrochemical micro-machining based on double feedback circuits
Authors: Xu Lizhong , Wang Jipeng , Zhao Chuanjun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPulsed electrochemical micromachining accuracy predominantly depends on pulse duration. To obtain high accuracy, an expensive power source with ultra-short pulse duration is needed. An electrochemical micromachining method based on double feedback circuits is proposed in this work to achieve this aim. A positive feedback circuit plus a negative feedback circuit is used in the circuit of the pulsed electrochemical micromachining. Thus, the gains of the feedback circuits can control the pulse duration of the machining system. Experiments show that the machining resolution can be improved notably by an increase in the feedback gains. Using the method, one micro double cure beam is produced, and its accuracy gets to nanometer level under the condition of using an ordinary pulse duration power source.
Influence of non-uniform magnetic field on the thermal efficiency hydrodynamic characteristics of nanofluid in double pipe heat exchanger
Authors: Azizi Y. , Bahramkhoo M. , Kazemi A. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractEnhancement of the heat transfer rate inside the double pipe heat exchangers is significant for industrial applications. In present work, the usage of non-uniform magnetic field on the heat transfer rate of the nanofluid flow streamed inside double pipe heat exchangers are comprehensively studied. Computational technique of CFD is used for the visualization of the nanofluid hydrodynamic in existence of the magnetic source. Influences of the magnetic intensity and nanofluid velocity on the heat transfer are also presented. Simple algorithm is used for the modeling of the incompressible nanofluid flow with addition of magnetic source. Presented results show that magnetic source intensifies the formation of the circulation in the gap of the inner tube and consequently, heat transfer is enhanced in our domain. Comparison of different geometries of tube reveals that the triangle tube is more efficient for improvement of the heat transfer of nanofluid flow. Our results indicate that heat transfer in the tube with triangular shape is more than other configurations and its performance is 15% more than smooth tube.
A preoperative magnetic resonance imaging-based model to predict biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy
Authors: Pan Minjie , Li Shouchun , Liu Fade , Liang Linghui , Shang Jinwei , Xia Wei , Cheng Gong , Hua Lixin 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTo investigate if a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based model reduced postoperative biochemical failure (BF) incidence in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). From June 2018 to January 2020, we retrospectively analyzed 967 patients who underwent prostate bi-parametric MRI and radical prostatectomy (RP). After inclusion criteria were applied, 446 patients were randomized into research (n = 335) and validation cohorts (n = 111) at a 3:1 ratio. In addition to clinical variables, MRI models also included MRI parameters. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic and decision curves were analyzed. The risk of postoperative BF, defined as persistently high or re-elevated prostate serum antigen (PSA) levels in patients with PCa with no clinical recurrence. In the research (age 69 [63–74] years) and validation cohorts (age 69 [64–74] years), the postoperative BF incidence was 22.39% and 27.02%, respectively. In the research cohort, the AUC of baseline and MRI models was 0.780 and 0.857, respectively, with a significant difference (P < 0.05). Validation cohort results were consistent (0.753 vs. 0.865, P < 0.05). At a 20% risk threshold, the false positive rate in the MRI model was lower when compared with the baseline model (31% [95% confidence interval (CI): 9–39%] vs. 44% [95% CI: 15–64%]), with the true positive rate only decreasing by a little (83% [95% CI: 63–94%] vs. 87% [95% CI: 75–100%]). 32 of 100 RPs can been performed, with no raise in quantity of patients with missed BF. We developed and verified a MRI-based model to predict BF incidence in patients after RP using preoperative clinical and MRI-related variables. This model could be used in clinical settings.
Joint modeling of longitudinal change of fasting blood sugar and systolic blood pressure with survival time to death among hypertension patients
Authors: Erango Markos Abiso 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHypertension is a universal public health challenge and a leading modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death. It is also called high blood pressure, described by two measured quantities systolic blood pressure (SBP) 140 mmHg or greater and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) 90 mmHg or greater. As the result, this study aims to use the joint model application to identify the factors that affect longitudinal changes in fasting blood sugar, SBP, and survival time to death of hypertension patients and their associations admitted to the Arba Minch General Hospital. We considered a total of 354 random samples of hypertension patients who had under follow-up at Arba Minch general hospital from January 2012 to February 2020. Among 2330 hypertension patients under follow-up, 354 were selected with a simple random sampling technique, and data was collected from the patient’s medical cards. After evaluating the longitudinal data with a linear mixed model and the baseline data with Cox proportional models, the joint models of both sub-models were assessed in R software version 4.2. According to the findings, the association between longitudinal changes (FBS, SBP, and time to death in hypertension patients was statistically significant. Ages, place of residence, lifestyle change, stages of hypertension, blood cholesterol level, related diseases, adherence to treatment, family history of hypertension patients, and DBP at baseline were associated factors that affect survival time and longitudinal measurement of FBS and SBP of the patients. The computed association parameters revealed subject-specific values. The subject-specific linear time slope of FBS and SBP was negatively related to the hazard rate of time to death of hypertension patients in Arba Minch general hospital. To reduce the risk of hypertension in patients, health professionals, governmental organizations, and non-governmental organizations must promote the implementation of community-based screening programs for early detection of hypertension.
Investigation of a robust pretreatment technique based on ultrasound-assisted, cost-effective ionic liquid for enhancing saccharification and bioethanol production from wheat straw
Authors: Ziaei-Rad Zhila , Pazouki Mohammad , Fooladi Jamshid , Azin Mehrdad , Gummadi Sathyanarayana N. , Allahverdi Abdollah 
Published: January 2023

AbstractApplication of cost-effective pretreatment of wheat straw is an important stage for massive bioethanol production. A new approach is aimed to enhance the pretreatment of wheat straw by using low-cost ionic liquid [TEA][HSO4] coupled with ultrasound irradiation. The pretreatment was conducted both at room temperature and at 130 °C with a high biomass loading rate of 20% and 20% wt water assisted by ultrasound at 100 W-24 kHz for 15 and 30 min. Wheat straw pretreated at 130 °C for 15 and 30 min had high delignification rates of 67.8% and 74.9%, respectively, and hemicellulose removal rates of 47.0% and 52.2%. Moreover, this pretreatment resulted in producing total reducing sugars of 24.5 and 32.1 mg/mL in enzymatic saccharification, respectively, which corresponds to saccharification yields of 67.7% and 79.8% with commercial cellulase enzyme CelluMax for 72 h. The ethanol generation rates of 38.9 and 42.0 g/L were attained for pretreated samples for 15 and 30 min, equivalent to the yields of 76.1% and 82.2% of the maximum theoretical yield following 48 h of fermentation. This demonstration provided a cheap and promising pretreatment technology in terms of efficiency and shortening the pretreatment time based on applying low-cost ionic liquid and efficient ultrasound pretreatment techniques, which facilitated the feasibility of this approach and could further develop the future of biorefinery.
Early response of Solanum nigrum L. to Lumax and castor oil combination in relation to antioxidant activity, osmolyte concentration and chlorophyll a fluorescence
Authors: Hassannejad Sirous , Fadaei Behrouz , Abbasvand Elham , Ghafarbi Soheila Porheidar , Nasirpour Zahra 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSolanum nigrumL. (Black nightshade), is one of the most troublesome weeds of summer crops such as corn, soybean, sunflower, etc. To study the effect of combined Castor oil as an adjuvant with different doses of Lumax (Mesotrion + S-metolacholor + Terbuthylazine) on the physiological behavior of Solanum nigrum L., a greenhouse experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with four replications in agricultural faculty of the University of Tabriz in 2021. A foliar application of Lumax increased proline, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide concentrations and superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase activity. The content of protein and photosynthetic pigments (Chlorophyll a, b, and carotenoids) also decreased significantly by using Lumax herbicide. Applying castor oil in combination with Lumax intensifies oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. Results showed that by increasing the herbicide doses in comparison with control (non-herbicide), Area, Fm, Fv, Fv/Fm, Fv/F0, Sm, Sm/Tfm, and Fv/F0 decreased 48.32%, 19.52%, 27.95%, 10.47%, 50.90%, 28.34%, 79.38%, and 50.90%, respectively and F0, F0/Fm increased 46.76% and 82.38%, respectively. Castor oil showed a synergistic effect on Lumax herbicide and enhanced its efficacy onSolanum nigrum. The presented results supported the view that by evaluating chlorophyllafluorescence parameters, we would realize herbicide (alone or mixed with any adjacent) efficacy before the visual symptoms appear in the plant.
Deformation constitutive model of subgrade soil under intermittent cyclic loading
Authors: Zhang Bolang , Chen Kaisheng , Hu Xing , Zhang Xingwei , Luo Guofu , Chen Rongya 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDuring the actual operation of subways, high-speed railway, and other infrastructure, subgrade soil will be subjected to periodic vibration and intermittent loading, i.e., intermittent cyclic load. To study the deformation characteristics of subgrade soil under intermittent cyclic loading, the Newtonian dashpot in the generalized Kelvin model is replaced by the fractional Abel dashpot, a fractional generalized Kelvin model is established. Then, a nonlinear viscoplastic body model considering damage is proposed, which is connected in series with the improved fractional generalized Kelvin model, and the deformation constitutive model of soil under intermittent cyclic loading is obtained. Finally, the effectiveness and applicability of the model are analyzed, and the model is compared with other constitutive models. The results show that the constitutive model established in the paper can reflect the combined effect of confining pressure, frequency, dynamic stress amplitude and other factors on the cumulative plastic strain of soil, and can well characterize the development law of three types of cumulative plastic strain curves of soil: stable, critical, and failure. The fitting parameters $$\alpha$$
α
and $$\eta$$
η
tend to decay and rise, respectively, with the increase in loading stage N, which reflects the rationality and accuracy of the model.
Second law assessment of di methyl ether and its mixtures in domestic refrigeration system
Authors: Baskaran A. , Manikandan N. , Nagaprasad N. , Ramaswamy Krishnaraj 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDimethyl ether (DME) and its blend of refrigerants (R429A, R435A, and R510A) are considered in this study's second law analysis as potential replacements for R134a. The performance of various refrigerants in a vapour compression refrigeration system is examined using the Design package CYCLE D. The software REFPROP 9.0 is used to extract all of the thermal and physical parameters of DME and its blend of refrigerants. The Second law performance parameters such as Efficiency Defects, Entropy generation and ExergyEfficiency are discussed. The refrigerants R429A and R510A are more energy efficient than R134a across a condensing temperature range of 30 to 55 °C at − 10 °C evaporation temperature. R134a was exceeded by R429A and R510A in terms of exergetic efficiency by 2.08 and 0.43%, respectively. In comparison to other losses in different components, the compressor's exergy loss is larger at 37–40% of the total exergy loss. By employing RE170 and its blends, the Vapour Compression Refrigeration System often performs better under the second law than R134a.The result shows that the efficiency defects in the compressor are the largest, followed by the condenser and evaporator. Thus, the design improvement of a compressor is of at most importance to improve the system performance by lowering the overall irreversibility.