bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Radial keratotomy and cataract surgery: A quest for emmetropia
Authors: Fram Nicole R. , Hovanesian John A. , Narang Priya , Narang Rhea , Moloney Greg , Lin David T.C. , Ferguson Tanner J. , Thompson Vance , Schneider Rachel , Yeu Elizabeth , Trattler William , Zaldivar Roger 
Published: July 2023

A 75-year-old man with an ocular history of 8-cut radial keratotomy (RK) in both eyes presented for cataract surgery evaluation. He was previously correctable in spectacles in years prior despite his irregular corneas to 20/25 in the right eye and 20/30 in the left eye. He recently noticed a change in his overall visual function with significant nighttime glare and difficulty reading despite spectacle correction. Of note, he was unable to tolerate contact lenses and was resistant to refitting despite additional encouragement. Cataract surgery was delayed for many years, given he was correctable in spectacles and the concern of uncovering a highly aberrated cornea after removing his cataracts (Figures 1 and 2

JOURNAL/jcrs/04.03/02158034-202308000-00021/figure1/v/2023-07-21T030437Z/r/image-tiff

JOURNAL/jcrs/04.03/02158034-202308000-00021/figure2/v/2023-07-21T030437Z/r/image-tiff

). Of note, the patient was interested in returning to the spectacle independence he enjoyed in the past.
Ocular examination revealed a corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) of 20/30 in the right eye and 20/60 in the left eye, with a manifest refraction of +4.50 −0.50 × 177 in the right eye and +5.75 −1.75 × 14 in the left eye. Glare testing was 20/50 in the right eye and 20/100 in the left eye, with retinal acuity meter testing of 20/25 in each eye. Pupils, confrontation visual fields, and intraocular pressures were normal. Pertinent slitlamp examination revealed corneal findings of 8-cut RK with nasal-gaping arcuate incisions in both eyes and lens findings of 2+ nuclear sclerosis with 2+ cortical changes in the right eye and 3+ nuclear sclerosis with 3+ cortical changes in the left eye. Cup-to-disc ratios of the optic nerves measured 0.5 with temporal sloping in the right eye and 0.6 with temporal sloping in the left eye. The dilated fundus examination was unremarkable.
What intraocular lens (IOL) options would you offer this patient and how would you counsel regarding realistic expectations? What additional diagnostic testing would be helpful in your assessment? How would you calculate the IOLs?
Effect of Exercise Rehabilitation in Patients With Acute Heart Failure
Authors: Liang Qian , Wang Zhiwei , Liu Jian , Yan Zeping , Liu Jing , Lei Meirong , Zhang Hongwei , Luan Xiaorong 
Published: July 2023

Background
Exercise rehabilitation is conducive to increasing functional ability and improving health outcomes, but its effectiveness in patients with acute heart failure (AHF) is still controversial.

Purpose
In this study, our aim was to systematically examine the efficacy of exercise rehabilitation in people with AHF.

Methods
A search was conducted for randomized controlled trial studies on exercise rehabilitation in patients with AHF up to November 2021. Two investigators conducted literature selection, quality assessments, and data extractions independently. The primary outcome was 6-minute walk distance, and the secondary outcomes were left ventricular ejection fraction, quality of life, Short Physical Performance Battery, readmission, and mortality. RevMan (version 5.3) software was used for the meta-analysis.

Results
Twelve studies with 1215 participants were included. Exercise rehabilitation significantly improved the 6-minute walk distance (mean difference [MD], 33.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 31.37–34.70; P < .001; I
2 = 0%), quality of life (MD, −11.57; 95% CI, −19.25 to −3.89; P = .003; I
2 = 98%), Short Physical Performance Battery (MD, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.36–1.44; P < .001; I
2 = 0%), and rate of readmission for any cause (risk ratio, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.26–0.88; P = .02; I
2 = 7%), compared with routine care. However, no statistically significant effects on left ventricular ejection fraction (MD, 0.94; 95% CI, −1.62 to 3.51; P = .47; I
2 = 0%) and mortality (risk ratio, 1.07; 95% CI, 0.64–1.80; P = .79; I
2 = 0%) were observed.

Conclusions
Compared with routine care, exercise rehabilitation improved functional ability and quality of life, reducing readmission in patients with AHF.
Problems Paying Medical Bills Among Adults With Diagnosed HIV in the United States
Authors: Luna-Gierke Ruth E. , Tie Yunfeng , Yuan Xin , Luo Qingwei , Beer Linda , Dasgupta Sharoda 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Problems paying medical bills may affect HIV outcomes among people with HIV (PWH), thus limiting progress toward achieving national HIV prevention goals. We analyzed nationally representative data from CDC's Medical Monitoring Project collected during 6/2018–5/2020. Among 8,108 PWH, we reported weighted percentages of characteristics and examined associations between problems paying medical bills and clinical outcomes using prevalence ratios with predicted marginal means, adjusting for potential confounding. Nineteen percent of PWH reported problems paying medical bills. Problems paying medical bills were more prevalent among persons who experienced homelessness (26.9% vs. 18.3%). People with problems paying medical bills were more likely to have adverse HIV outcomes and were more likely to have ≥1 emergency room visit (prevalence ratio [PR]: 1.59; 95% CI [1.51–1.68]) or hospitalization (PR: 1.72; 95% CI [1.55–1.91]) in the past year. Identifying PWH experiencing financial barriers and expanding access to safety net programs could improve access to care and outcomes.
Pharmacologic Procedural Distress Management During Laceration Repair in Children
Authors: Siu Annisa , Tran Nam-Anh , Ali Samina , Coyle Doug , Mahood Quenby , Marks Yanara , Pechlivanoglou Petros , Poonai Naveen , Heath Anna 
Published: July 2023

Objectives
To systematically appraise the literature on the relative effectiveness of pharmacologic procedural distress management agents for children undergoing laceration repair.

Methods
Six databases were searched in August 2021, and the search was updated in January 2023. We included completed randomized or quasi-randomized trials involving (a) children younger than 15 years undergoing laceration repair in the emergency department; (b) randomization to at least one anxiolytic, sedative, and/or analgesic agent versus any comparator agent or placebo; (c) efficacy of procedural distress management measured on any scale. Secondary outcomes were pain during the procedure, administration acceptance, sedation duration, additional sedation, length of stay, and stakeholder satisfaction. Cochrane Collaboration's risk-of-bias tool assessed individual studies. Ranges and proportions summarized results where applicable.

Results
Among 21 trials (n = 1621 participants), the most commonly studied anxiolytic agents were midazolam, ketamine, and N2O. Oral midazolam, oral ketamine, and N2O were found to reduce procedural distress more effectively than their comparators in 4, 3, and 2 studies, respectively. Eight studies comparing routes, doses, or volumes of administration of the same agent led to indeterminate results. Meta-analysis was not performed because of heterogeneity in comparators, routes, and outcome measures across studies.

Conclusions
Based on procedural distress reduction, this study favors oral midazolam and oral ketamine. However, this finding should be interpreted with caution because of heterogeneous comparators across studies and minor conflicting results. An optimal agent for procedural distress management cannot be recommended based on the limited evidence. Future research should seek to identify the minimal, essential measures of patient distress during pharmacologic anxiolysis and/or sedation in laceration repair to guide future trials and reviews.
Contextualizing Response Rates During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences From a Boston-Based Community Health Centers Study
Authors: LeBlanc Merrily E. , Testa Christian , Waterman Pamela D. , Reisner Sari L. , Chen Jarvis T. , Breedlove Emry R. , Mbaye Farimata , Nwamah Alicetonia , Mayer Kenneth H. , Oendari Apriani , Krieger Nancy 
Published: July 2023

Objectives:
The focus of this study was to calculate and contextualize response rates for a community-based study conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic, a topic on which scant data exist, and to share lessons learned from recruiting and enrolling for implementation of future studies.

Design:
The Life+Health Study, a cross-sectional population-based study designed to advance novel methods to measure and analyze multiple forms of discrimination for population health research.

Setting:
The study recruited participants from 3 community health centers in Boston, Massachusetts, between May 2020 and July 2022.

Participants:
A total of 699 adult participants between the ages of 25 and 64 years who were born in the United States and had visited one of the health centers within the last 2 years.

Main Outcome Measures:
The response rate was calculated as follows: (number of completions + number of dropouts)/(dropouts + enrollments). To contextualize this response rate, we synthesized evidence pertaining to local COVID-19 case counts, sociopolitical events, pandemic-related restrictions and project protocol adjustments, and examples of interactions with patients.

Results:
Our study had a lower-than-expected response rate (48.4%), with the lowest rates from the community health centers serving primarily low-income patients of color. Completion rates were lower during periods of higher COVID-19 case counts. We describe contextual factors that led to challenges and lessons learned from recruiting during the pandemic, including the impact of US sociopolitical events.

Conclusions:
The Life+Health Study concluded recruitment during the pandemic with a lower-than-expected response rate, as also reported in 4 other US publications focused on the impact of COVID-19 on response rates in community-based studies. Our results provide an example of the impact of the pandemic and related US sociopolitical events on response rates that can serve as a framework for contextualizing other research conducted during the pandemic and highlight the importance of best practices in research recruitment with underserved populations.
MPOWER Measures and Its Effect on Tobacco Control: A Cross-sectional Comparison of Global Adult Tobacco Surveys, India
Authors: Pednekar Mangesh S. , Sharma Khushbu , Narake Sameer 
Published: July 2023

Objectives:
To study the MPOWER measures over time (GATS-1 vs GATS-2) and their effects on tobacco control indicators in India.

Study Design and Methods:
The study used a cross-sectional design to compare the common questions identified from GATS-1 and GATS-2. Odds ratios for various MPOWER measures were estimated using a multivariate logistic regression model.

Results:
Compared with GATS-1, the current any tobacco use was reduced by 32% in females and 17% in males in GATS-2 (M-measures). The P-measures have reduced across the survey periods. Under O-measures, compared with mixed users, only the male smokeless tobacco (SLT) users reported receiving more advice from a doctor to quit and reported trying more to stop SLT use. Compared with never users (W-measures), the health warnings were noticed on SLT products more by past users, smokers (males), and SLT users, while it was noticed on cigarette packages more by male past users and smokers. Promotion (E-measures) of cigarette and bidi was reported more by smokers (including mixed users), and promotion of SLT product was reported more by smokers (including mixed users) and male SLT users than by never users.

Conclusion:
Overall, MPOWER measures have shown improvement, with most changes highly reported by the never users and past users than by the current tobacco users. Stringent methods for the enforcement of MPOWER measures to reach all forms of tobacco users and integration of the National Tobacco Control Programme with other national health programs are imperative for highest achievements. Also, specific targeted strategies for the effective control of SLT use are highly recommended to be included in the MPOWER package.
NYS Nonprofit Hospital Assessment and Response to Environmental Pollution as Community Health Need: Prevalence in Community Benefit Practices
Authors: Valentine Sarah K. , Jacelon Cynthia S. , Cavanagh Stephen J. 
Published: July 2023

Context:
Given the impact of environmental pollution on health and health inequity, there may be substantial value in integrating assessment and response to pollution into nonprofit hospital community benefit processes. Such hospital engagement has not yet been studied.

Objectives:
We take a preliminary step of inquiry in investigating if nonprofit hospitals in New York State (NYS) assess, identify, or respond to environmental pollution as part of community benefit processes.

Design:
This study is of retrospective, observational design. Data were abstracted from community health needs reports (2015-2017), associated implementation plans, and related IRS (Internal Revenue Service) filings from a randomly geographically stratified selection of NYS nonprofit hospitals.

Participants:
The sample includes 53 hospitals from 23 counties. The sampling frame consists of NYS nonspecialty private nonprofit hospitals.

Main Outcome Measures:
Dichotomous findings for the following: (1) engagement of environmental pollution in the process of assessment of community health needs; (2) environmental pollution concern identified as a priority community health need; (3) strategic planning present to address pollution identified as community health need; and (4) action taken on same.

Results:
We found that 60.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.46-0.74) of hospitals evidenced some form of assessment of environmental pollution and 18.9% (95% CI, 0.09-0.32) identified pollution as a priority community health need. However, no hospital went on to take independent or collaborative planning or action to address pollution. In additional analysis, we found that social justice in hospital mission was a positive predictor of assessment of environmental pollution.

Conclusions:
For NYS hospitals, we found a substantial presence of assessment and identification of pollution as a community health concern. Our finding of the absence of response to environmental pollution represents a gap in community benefit implementation. This indicates a yet untaken opportunity to address racial and economic environmental health injustices and to improve population health.
Early Effects of the New York City Paid Safe and Sick Leave Law
Authors: Maury Matthew , Slopen Meredith , Lim Sungwoo , Levanon Seligson Amber , Waldfogel Jane , Wimer Christopher 
Published: July 2023

Context:
Paid sick leave (PSL) is a public health strategy associated with benefits for workers, businesses, and consumers. In the absence of a federal law, in 2014, New York City (NYC) joined other state and municipal governments with local PSL policies.

Objectives:
To examine changes in PSL after the implementation of NYC's 2014 Paid Safe and Sick Leave Law and to assess which communities remain less likely to use PSL.

Design:
This study uses data from multiple panels of the NYC Longitudinal Survey of Wellbeing (NYC-LSW)—a population-representative study of NYC adults—to track changes in PSL, using data collected before and after NYC's Paid Safe and Sick Leave Law was implemented. We use weighted cross-tabulations and multinomial logistic regression models to assess changes in payment for sick leave since the implementation of the law.

Setting and Participants:
The study includes 2985 NYC adults aged 18 to 64 years who reported working for pay in the year preceding the survey where PSL questions were asked (2014-2019).

Main Outcome Measure(s):
Use of sick leave and payment for sick leave.

Results:
Weighted descriptive results show a 7-percentage-point increase (P = .02) in the rate of being paid for all sick days and a 6-percentage-point decrease (P = .02) in not being paid for any sick days. Results from multinomial logistic regression models, adjusting for potential confounders, show that after implementation of the law, workers with low levels of education, who are younger, Latino, and foreign-born remain less likely than their peers to use PSL.

Conclusions:
We demonstrate that the PSL mandate expanded access for employees but not evenly across groups. These results offer guidance to other jurisdictions implementing PSL policies, suggesting the need for targeted education and enforcement efforts to ensure policies reach sectors where low-wage workers are most prevalent.
Metastatic Pulmonary Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor on FDG PET/CT
Authors: Hou Wenxiu , Dai Jiaona , Tian Rong 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
A 33-year-old woman presents with cough and hemoptysis for 1 month. Chest CT showed a soft tissue mass in the left upper lobe of the lung. FDG PET/CT showed multiple foci of intense activity not only in the lung but also in the lymph nodes and the bones, which was diagnosed as lung malignancy with metastases. Histopathology revealed desmoplastic small round cell tumor. Our case indicated that, although the incidence is low, desmoplastic small round cell tumor should be considered among differential diagnoses of lung malignancies.
99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT in a Case of Renal Oncocytosis
Authors: Zhao Qian , Dong Aisheng , Zuo Changjing , Yang Bo 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Renal oncocytosis is a very rare oncologically indolent form of renal neoplasia characterized by diffuse involvement of renal parenchyma by numerous oncocytic nodules. We describe contrast-enhanced CT and 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT findings in a patient with renal oncocytosis presenting with metachronous bilateral renal tumors. Contrast-enhanced CT showed numerous tumors ranging from several millimeters up to 3.9 cm in the left kidney. The tumors showed hypervascularity in the corticomedullary phase and washout in the excretory phase mimicking renal cell carcinoma. The larger tumors showed higher 99mTc-MIBI uptake than the adjacent renal parenchyma, suggesting renal oncocytoma confirmed by biopsy.
The Influence of Long-Acting Somatostatin Analogs on 68Ga-DOTATATE Uptake in Patients With Neuroendocrine Tumors
Authors: Chahid Youssef , Hashimi Khaled , van de Garde Ewoudt M.W. , Klümpen Heinz-Josef , Hendrikse N. Harry , Booij Jan , Verberne Hein J. 
Published: July 2023

Purpose
A high SUVmax tumor-to-liver ratio (TLR) of 68Ga-DOTATATE can be used to select patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). In addition, an SUVmax TLR ≥ 8.1 is associated with increased progression-free survival in NET patients treated with somatostatin analogs (SSAs). To avoid a theoretical interaction, several guidelines recommend performing PET/CT just before the monthly administration of long-acting SSAs. We aimed to investigate the effect of SSA on the SUVmax of 68Ga-DOTATATE in patients with NET and to identify independent predictors for high SUVmax TLR.

Patients and Methods
For this retrospective study, 192 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scans of 165 patients without (n = 115) and with (n = 77) SSA (octreotide or lanreotide) in the 3 months before PET/CT were collected and reviewed. The effect of SSA on SUVmax values was analyzed by a maximum likelihood mixed model.

Results
Patients with SSA had a significantly higher median SUVmax TLR than patients without SSA (4.7 [IQR], 3.1–7.7) versus 3.2 [IQR, 2.0–5.4]; P < 0.001). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that SSA use was an independent predictor for SUVmax TLR ≥ 8.1 (odds ratio, 2.91; 95% confidence interval, 1.26–6.72; P = 0.012).

Conclusions
Our data suggest that higher SSA concentrations do not have a negative effect on 68Ga-DOTATATE uptake in tumor lesions. In addition, we found that only SSA use was associated with SUVmax TLR ≥ 8.1. Our results are consistent with previously conducted studies and in line with the recently published guideline that suggests that the relatively recent use of SSA does not necessitate any delay in 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT imaging.
18F-FDG PET/CT Reveals Localized Inflammation in Lupus Enteritis
Authors: Sakuma Shota , Abe Yoshiyuki , Takeuchi Motoki , Makiyama Ayako , Tamura Naoto 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Lupus enteritis is classified into the colon poly-ulcerative type and the small intestine ischemic serositis type. Colon poly-ulcerative lupus enteritis is a disease that is mainly due to mesenteric arteritis. In recent years, 18F-FDG PET/CT has been frequently used to assess the extent of the disease in patients with systemic vasculitis. We present the case report of 18F-FDG PET/CT results in a 57-year-old woman with colon poly-ulcerative lupus enteritis.
Extraction of a Severe Impacted Submerged Second Deciduous Molar: A Case Report
Authors: Yang Yong , Hu Jiale , Ying Binbin 
Published: July 2023

Objectives:
Provide some references for diagnosis and treatment of submerged deciduous teeth.

Case Report:
Here the authors reported a severely impacted submerged second deciduous molar accompanied by an impacted second premolar by detailed consultation, oral examination, and radiological analysis. The impacted teeth were both extracted considering the patient's age, the position of the teeth, and orthodontic purposes.
Conclusions:
Dentists should analyze the inspection results seriously and choose the optimal decision for submerged deciduous teeth.
Craniofacial Epidermoid and Dermoid Cysts
Authors: Oh Hyun Jun , Eo Mi Young , Sodnom-Ish Buyanbileg , Amponsah Emmanuel Kofi , Frimpong Paul , Myoung Hoon , Kim Soung Min 
Published: July 2023

Background:
Epidermoid and dermoid cysts are benign developmental anomalies that can form anywhere in the body. Despite the rarity of incidence in the head and neck, they can arise at a variety of craniofacial locations. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical features of epidermoid and dermoid cysts arising in the craniofacial region with a literature review.

Methods:
A retrospective study was designed, and clinical features and surgical considerations were investigated from a literature review. Cases of epidermoid cysts in the scalp, temporal area, glabellar area, mouth floor, and buccal mucosa were described.

Results:
Dermoid cysts in more lateral regions of the scalp are rarely associated with intracranial extension. Because temporal dermoid cysts have a high rate of intracranial extension, radiological evaluation of the lesions in the temporal area is imperative. Epidermoid cysts in the glabellar area are usually superficial. Consideration of the surgical approach for an epidermoid cyst of the mouth floor is important. Because epidermoid cysts in the buccal mucosa are extremely rare, differential diagnosis was emphasized. Epidermoid cysts in the scalp, in the temporal intradiploic area, on the glabellar area in the periorbital region, in the mouth floor, and in the buccal mucosa were surgically excised considering the depth and location. Ten cases of epidermoid cysts in the buccal mucosa were retrieved from the literature review.

Conclusions:
Consideration of the anatomic locations of epidermoid and dermoid cysts in the craniofacial region might help facilitate accurate diagnosis and treatment.