bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Using Arithmetic Weight Index for Study Quality Drinking Water of Al-Gharraf Stream
Authors: Mustafa T. Mustafa  , Khalid I. Hassoon  , Hussain M. Al-Shemari  , Modher H. Abd  
Published: April 2023

Water pollution is any physical or chemical change in water quality, directly or indirectly, adversely affects humans or makes water unsuitable for the required uses. This research is concerned with the study of the chemical and physical properties of water in the city of Nasiriya-Iraq and the quantity of pollution by applying the arithmetic weight index. The study was based on the concentrations of positive ions (Potassium , Sodium , Calcium ) and negative ions (Sulfate , Chloride ) acidity (PH), Total Dissolved Solid (T.D.S), Alkalinity (ALK), Electrical Conductivity (E.C) Total suspended solids (T.S.S) and total hardness (TH), where the results of the analysis were compared with Iraqi standards adopted to show the validity of water drinking for the use of human.
The results of the study were explained:

The water of the study area is the basicity of the interaction where the pH ranged (7.85-8.8) (8.3-8.6) for two seasons.
All water in the study area is unsuitable for drinking according to the arithmetic weight index.

3. It is not good to apply the standard Iraqi drinking before treatment water.
Thyroid Function in patients with Ischemic Heart Diseases
Authors: Maha Arshed Hamdi Mageed  
Published: April 2023

The effects of thyroid hormones on the cardiovascular system are the most clinically useful and sensitive signs of thyroid dysfunction. Regarding pathophysiology, thyroid dysfunction has essential cardiovascular consequences in myocardial contractility, peripheral hemodynamics, and heart rate. The aim: To study the association of serum TSH, T4, and T3 levels on ischemic heart diseases. Patients & methods a cross sectional study was conducted in Sallah Alddin general hospital in Tikrit city – Iraq , from 1st January to 30th of June 2017. Fifty patients (34 male & 16 female ) have joined this study age (mean 58.6 ± 15.2 years), all suffering from ischemic heart diseases (myocardial infarction, angina, & congestive heart failure) & admitted to the Coronary cure unite in the hospital. Also, 50 control healthy subjects were participated in the present study, (30 males and 20 female subjects). Results anthropometric measurements for both males and females (age, weight, height BMI) show no significant differences between patients and the control, while, the BMI for female group exhibits a significant difference. Female and male lipid profile results indicate good significant differences between patients and control except for LDL result for female. Moreover, there are no significant differences for LDL and VLDL in male patients. The TSH, T3, T4, and troponin levels in both male and female patients show significant differences between them and the control groups except T3 level show no significant differences.
Molecular detection of Hemolycin in Escherichia coli and attempt to inhibition by using the Probiotics
Authors: Halah A. A. Al-Hadithi  
Published: April 2023

The current study included of (60) urine samples were collected from patients suffering from urinary tract infection in Tikrit Hospital during the period from April 2017 to June 2017 The results of identification showed that among (49) at percentage (81.6 %) positive samples were found (24) of samples with percentage (48.97 %) were Escherichia coli isolates .
The susceptibility of isolates to avariety of antibiotics has been investigated, the results revealed that the isolates were (100%) resistant to (Erythromycin and Nalidixic acid), also these isolates have the highest percentage of resistant to Ceftriaxone (91.6%), Cephalothin (95.8%), Ampicillin sulbactam (91.6%), Nitrofurantoin (87.5%), where as isolates have shown lowest percentage of resistant to Chloramphenicol (12.5), Trimethoprime (20.83%). antagonistic activity of four types of probiotics bacteria against (24) isolates Escheriachia coli were performed. Results showed that all probiotics types have inhibition activity against E.coli isolates and the diameter of inhibition zone was highest (20.8 mm) when probiotic L.casei used ,while Bifido.bifidum showed less inhibitory activity against E.coli isolates with (14.5mm)of inhibition zone
In this study the Polymerase chain reaction technique (PCR) were used for detection of hemolysin gene (hly A). Two primers ( hlyA) with 561 bp and (hlyA) with 1177 bp were used for this purpose. The results were shown that only (62.5%) and (50%) of 24 E.coli isolates were carried the genes hlyA (561bp), hly A (1177bp) respectively. Furthermore the investigate of molecular influence of probiotics on hemolysin genes were done by using PCR. The results showed some of them lost hly A gene after treating with probiotics. In conclusion, hemolysin toxin gene is important virulence factor for uropathogenic E.coli and using PCR technique was appeared highly specific,very sensitive method, more than it serves as asuitable molecular diagnostic tool for detection UPEC producing hemolysin toxin .
Identification of Flavonoids and Phenolic Compound in Aloe Vera gel by HPLC
Authors: Ilham Nazhan Numan  
Published: April 2023

Flavonoids and Phenolic Compounds are important Components For Aloe Vera gel .The HPCL analysis proved that Aloe Vera gel contains many types of phenolic compounds (188.79 mg/ml cinnamic acid ,876.44 mg aloin, 555.01 Aloe emodin, 235.096 Aloeecticacid, 252.52 Anthranol, 549.98 Simapic acid) at Retention Times (1.777, 3. 448, 5.273, 6.192, 7.378, 8.765) min and Area (54348, 231817, 188319, 71949, 88097, 153061) and many types of flavonoids (227.48 Quercetin, 236.23 Kaempherol, 247.65 Rutin)at Retention Times (1.89,3.15,7.493,8.413) and Area (75828,66531,88538,125858
Provenance and Origin of the Sand Dunes Sediments in the Na’ama Area / Southeast Tikrit City Northern Iraq
Authors: Yaseen S. K. Al-Jwaini  
Published: April 2023

Study of three Barchan sand dunes in Na'ama area southeast Tikrit city have been carried out for (10) samples, the investigation included petrographical, mineralogical and geochemical aspects of the sand dunes from grain size point, the sand grains are commonly sub-rounded to sub-angular forming about (98.8%) with (1.2%) of mud. Petrographically, the sand are sub-litharenite to lithic arenite and mineralogical analysis indicated that most of sand dunes are mainly consist of quartz and carbonate rock fragments in addition to rare feldspar and mica where quartz prevail the mineralogy of all sand dunes due to the selective wind sorting which concentrates more quartz grains, and to the aeolian weathering activity which has depleted the feldspar grains through subaerial collisions. Fine grained mean grain size, very well to moderately sorted, near symmetrical skewness with leptokurtic distribution are characterized the sand dunes in the study area. These statistical parameters show that the sand dunes are extremely controlled by sedimentary sources (Injana Formation sediments). Also, the rarities of organic materials within the sand dunes indicate to the rarity of coverage plant within the seasonably moved sand dunes.
Several transparent heavy minerals are identified in the sand dunes such as Tourmaline, Hornblende, Olivine, Chlorite, Ankerite and Zircon with well rounded edges due to the transportation, in addition to opaque heavy minerals of iron oxide like Magnetite, Hematite and Chromite concentrated within sand fraction. Atomic absorption analysis distinguished many types of major and trace elements in the sand dunes too. These heavy minerals and trace elements refer to that the sand dunes were derived from ancient igneous and metamorphic rocks which eroded and deposited later within Injana Formation
Effect of wafer resistivity and light intensity on the topography of porous silicon surfaces produced by photo chemical method
Authors: Amjad Hussen Jassem  , Hanaa E. Jassem  , Shihab Ahmaed Kalaf  , Najat A. Dahham  
Published: April 2023

This study includes the effect of wafer resistivity and intensity of light on topography of porous silicon surfaces which produced by photo chemical etching method, the results showed that changing of the resistivity led to change the porosity, where it found the porous silicon layer be less of high value resistivity.
Once all the wafers have same resistivity's value that’s found the light intensity effect on porosity, the less value of porosity produced by the less value of intensity light focused.
The production of Nano crystalline silicon structures and control of their production conditions is the first step to control the properties of the devices (detectors, diodes, solar cells, sensors) and their appropriate applications. Ultimately, this is important in promoting research and development of renewable energy.
Bacteriological study of the cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) of children with meningitis in Baghdad
Authors: Ahmed .K.H.Al Hassan  , Zaid M. M. Al Muhdaw  , Nada A. Al Hasso  
Published: April 2023

The study included 92 samples of CSF taken from children aged 1day to 10 years with meningitis. The study was conducted in the hospitals of Medical City in Baghdad. The samples were obtained by a specialized staff. Conventional direct Gram stain and culture tests were performed. The study sample were categorized into three group a (1day to 2 years), (2 to 6 years) and (6 to 10 years).
The results of the culture test showed that 62 samples out of 92 samples were free of bacteria while 30 samples contained bacteria (43% ). Among the positive culture group , 43% were gram positive bacteria and (57%) were Gram negative bacteria.
Escherichia coli (43.4 %) was the predominant organism. The second bacterial agent is Staphylococcus aureus (20%) followed by Streptococcus pneumonia (13, 3%). The fourth bacterial isolates were Streptococcus agalactia (10%) and Neisseria meningitidis (10 %).The fifth bacterial agent was Klebsiella pneumonia (3.3%).
The most common age group for bacterial meningitis was the first age group (1 to 2 years old) with Escherichia coli being the main bacterium (40%).
Compar the Effectiveness of Some Plant Extracts and Nd: YAG Laser in the Tribolium castaneum
Authors: Estabraq Mhmood Mahdi  , Saeed Maher Lafta  , Rashed Ismail Taha  
Published: April 2023

The present study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of some plant extracts of Helianthus annuus L., Sesbania sesban and Olea europea concentrations 100, 500, 1000, 5000 ppm. and the effect of Nd: YAG laser with wavelength of( 1064nm) and different energies which conducted at (10,15 and 20) within (5 pulses/sec) to destruction of the Tribolium castaneum, the study found different results according to the different concentrations used, time period and the different energies of the laser during the treatment. Treatment with plant extracts The extract of the Helianthus annuus L. was hightst to the rest of the plant extracts. It gave a 100% mortality rate at 5000 ppm concentration 72 hours of treatment. Then the seesban seed extract came in terms of effect, giving 96.6% mortality rate at the same concentration after 72 hours. While the effect of Olea europea extract was the last impact"on the insect, where the rate of mortality 86.5% in the same concentration also and within ( 72 hours ) of treatment.
The results showed that the effect of laser radiation on the life of the insect, where it gave the highest mortality rate 73.6% when irradiation at the highest power of 420mj and exposure time 20Sec. the results were obtained after observation of the effect of plant extracts and Nd : YAG at different time intervals 24, 48 hours and 72 hours after the treatment of the Tribolium castaneum .
Epidemiological and Biochemical changes of patients infected with Blastocystis hominis and Irritable bowel syndrome
Authors: Jaber Aowda Kadhim  , Hind Salman Jasim  
Published: April 2023

This study was design to examined fecal samples of patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) to detect a relationship between Blastocystis hominis infection and IBS. This study was began at January till December 2015 in Kindi teaching hospital / Baghdad .380 patients with IBS and 55 apparently healthy people as control group after making sure of their medical history, clinical and laboratory examinations were done of all subjects which included direct smears examination of stool and culturing of parasite .
Infection of B. hominis occurred in males at high rate at October (5.8%) and lowest rate during January (3.7%). Where as in females high rate infection was at August (5.8%) and lowest rate during January (2.1%) Blastocystis hominis infection rate in males represent nearly equal in villages and cities (31%,32% respectively) while in females the infection was higher in villages(21%) than in cities (16%).
Incidence of Blastocystis hominis infection was the highest ( 11.0%) at age group 10-15 year. This study also detect that 65.3% of infections were diagnosed by direct smear preparation and 34.7% were diagnosed by culturing.
There was a significant differences of total bilirubin levels in the IBS patient group compared to control group (p<0.001).This study represented no significant differences of urea and creatinine levels among patients when compared to control group (p ˂ 0.05).
Effect of laser energy on grain size of cadmium oxide nanoparticles in ethanol by PLD method
Authors: Rasha H. Ahmed  , Abdul  Majeed E. Ibrahim  , Kadhim A. Aadem  
Published: April 2023

The Pulse laser deposition technique was used in the preparation of nanoparticle solutions (CdO) using Nd:YAG laser and five deposition energies (400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 mJ) with fixed pulses (300 pulse and 6 Hz) was used .
(CdO) nanoparticles were deposited on glass substrate at (300C°) to study structure properties and formed thin films of thickness (200 nm). The grain size of cadmium oxide nanoparticles in ethanol have been found to be affected by the laser energy , The results of the AFM tests showed that the higher the deposition energies, the greater the higher the grain size.
Weakly Quasi 2-Absorbing submodule
Authors: Haibt K . Mohammadali  , Khalaf H Alhabeeb  
Published: April 2023

Let R be a commutative ring with identity , and M is a unitary left R-module”, “A proper submodule E of an R-module M is called a weakly quasi-prime if whenever r, s ∈ R, m ∈ M, with 0 ≠ rsm ∈ E , implies that rm ∈ E or sm ∈ E”. “We introduce the concept of a weakly quasi 2-absorbing submodule as a generalization of weakly quasi-prime submodule”, where a proper submodule E of M is called a weakly quasi 2-absorbing submodule if whenever r,s,t ∈ R, m ∈M with 0≠ rstm ∈ E , implies that rsm ∈ E or rtm ∈ E or stm ∈ E. we study the basic properties of weakly quasi 2-absorbing. Furthermore, the relationships of weakly quasi 2-absorbing submodule with other classes of module are elistraited.
Maternal serum Alpha-fetoprotein Level at 12, 22 and 32weeks’ gestation in screening for pre-eclampsia
Authors: Arwa M. Ahmed  , Israa' H. Abid Al-Kareem  
Published: April 2023

Pre-eclampsia is a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Alpha_fetoprotein is measured in pregnant women, as a screening test for pre-eclampsia.This study aimed to examine the maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein at 12, 22 and 32 weeks ’gestation in singleton pregnancies and its performance as a screening test for Pre eclampsia. The study designed as prospective (Cohort) study, it was conducted in Obstetrics department in Salah AL Din Teaching Hospital, from the period of the 15th of December 2016 to the 1st of July 2017. Ninety six pregnant women at first trimester participated in the study, followed up prospectively sixty three of them was attended a second test in second trimester and seventy five of them was attended a third test in a third trimester. The mean age of the studied group was 27.1 ± 5.8 (range: 17-30) years .It had been observed that the mean level of Alphafetoprotein was increased and the mean Multi of Median( MoM) was significantly reduced with advanced gestational age., there are highly significant differences at the different check-points in both mean and MoM, of the maternal alpha-fetoprotein. The mean alpha-fetoprotein level was higher in pre-eclampsia group compared to non-preeclampsia in all of the three testing points. The Comparison of mean alpha-fetoprotein levels of pre-eclampsia vs. non-preeclampsia women revealed that the mean, alpha-fetoprotein level was higher in pre-eclampsia group compared to non-preeclampsia in all of the three testing points, alpha-fetoprotein level at the second test was the better than the first and third test.
Bacteriological and Physiological Study of bacterial infection of the blood stream
Authors: Muhsin H. Edham  , Nasreen K. Kamel  
Published: April 2023

The study was included to collect one hundred blood samples of peoples suspected with Bacteremia at different ages and both sex Kirkuk General Hospital and Azadi Hospital. The results indurated to found positive bacterial growth at 16 blood samples, while 86 samples found negative bacterial growth. The 11 isolates was appear as gram positive bacteria, while Ten of them were as Staphylococcus species, one was Clostridium perfringens, and Five isolates Gram negative bacteria, Burkloderia cepacia, Pseudomonas alcaligenese, Stenotrophonas maltiphilia, Klebsiella pneumonia, and Escherichia – coli. all Staphylococcus isolates were appear are sensitive to imipenem, vancomycin, followed by the amoxicillin - clavulanic acid for 8 isolates and Ceftriaxone, Chloramphenicol and Amikacin were sensitive to 7 isolates while all Staphylococcus isolates were resistance to cefixime followed by azithromycin, erythromycin. The study showed Stenotrophomonas mltophilia were the most resistant antimicrobial isolates used in the study. The results of the physiological tests showed that the PCV values ​​were lower in most blood samples of patients with bacteremia, whereas increased values ​​for Clotting time, WBC due to toxic effects of invasive bacteria.
Comparison of the effect of the alcoholic extract of leaves and fruits of hawthorn plant Crataegus azarolus with the drug simvastatin in its effect in reducing cardiovascular disease in male rabbits with experimental fat disorder
Authors: Muhanned H. Mukhlif Al-Obaidy  , Saleh M.Rahim Al-Obaidy  
Published: April 2023

This study designed to investigate the role of both Ethanolic extracts of hawthorn leaves and fruits in reducing cardiovascular risk factors in male with experimental lipid disorders. 50 male rabbits of New Zealand, 1250-1500g and 8-10 months old used in this study. Rabbits divided into 10 groups (each group 5 male rabbits). The (I) group as a control group, which given the free standard diet and water. The (II) group given high cholesterol (260 mg/Kg) of the weight as a standard diet, the (III) group, which given high cholesterol diet with extracts of C.azarolus (200 mg/kg) of body weight, the (IV) group which given high cholesterol diet with hawthorn fruit extract (20 mg/kg) Of the body weight, the the (V) group, which was given high cholesterol diet of body weight, the (VI) group, which given high cholesterol diet with vitamin C (100 mg / kg) of body weight, group (VII), which is the drug of simvastatin, group (VIII), which given vitamin C, the(IX) group given Hawthorn leaf extract, the (X) group, which given extracts fruit of hawthorn plant. The experiment conducted for six weeks. Statistical analysis showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in the lipid profile variables (total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL and HDL) in the serum and liver extract in the high cholesterol group compared with the control group. Fruits play a more effective role in the prevention of hyperlipidemia compared with vitamin C and the drug of simvastatin and leaf extract. The study also showed a significant decrease (P< 0.05) in the effectiveness of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGR) in the group treated with the drug Simvastatin compared with the control group, while there were no significant differences in the group which given high cholesterol , vitamin C group , extracts of leaves and fruits of the plant group. The conclusion, have found that ethanolic extracts of C. azarolus Low levels of lipids (cholesterol and triglycerides) in the serum of animals experiment with the use of the drug Simvastatin and the fruits of hawthorn plant the largest role compared with vitamin C and extract leaf hawthorn. On the other hand, the non-change in the concentration of the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase in the serum and liver extract indicates that the role of the extract in the normalization of lipid variables is centered on other mechanisms related to the digestive system, such as absorption
Determination of pKa values for new Schiff bases derived from benzaldehyde and salicylaldehyde with glycine and ß- alanine
Authors: A.S.P. Azzouz  , R.T. Ali  
Published: April 2023

Two new Schiff base acids, namely benzylidene glycine(I) and salicylidene ß- alanine(II) were prepared by new procedure using sodium hydroxide as catalyst.
The main aim of the project was the determination of pKa values for these acidic imines using conductivity method, the method as found simple, precise and accurate for determination of pKa of compounds, All conductivities parameters of benzylidene glycine and salicylidene ß-alanine and their sodium salts in deionized water were mentioned . The variation of acidities of acids(I) and(II) were also included. The thermodynamic reactions parameters namely ∆G°, ∆H and ∆S° for these ionization reactions of acids were discussed and interpreted .
Synthesis and Characterization of some 2,3-dihydroquinozoline and evaluation of their biological activity
Authors: Adil Hussein Dalaf  , Fawzi Hameed Jumaa  , Salwa Abdul-Satar Jabbar  
Published: April 2023

This work included the synthesis of azo dye (A1) by the reaction of diazonium salt to benzidine with salicyldehyde at (0-5) oC and synthesis of schiff base (A2-A6) through reaction substituted aromatic amine with aldehyde group in azo compound (A1) in ethanol compounds (A2-A6) and 2,3-dihydroquinozoline derivatives prepared by reaction schiff base with anthranilic acid in ethanol compounds (A7-A11), and characterization by using spectroscopic techniques Uv/Vis, FT-IR, C.H.N. and H1-NMR of some the prepared compounds using DMSO-d6 as a solvent, in addition to melting point and determination a purity of TLC, This work consisted a study of biological activity for some prepared compounds against four types of pathogenic bacteria to detect their resistance to anti biotic, drugs.
APPROXIMATE SOLUTION FOR BURGER'S-FISHER EQUATION BY VARIATIONAL ITERATION TRANSFORM METHOD
Authors: Ali Al-FAYADH  
Published: April 2023

Nonlinear partial differential equations represent the most important phenomena occurring in the world and are encountered in various fields of science. Generalized Burger’s-Fisher equation is very important for describing different mechanisms. Burger’s-Fisher equation arises in the field of applied mathematics and physics applications. This equation shows a prototypical model for describing the interaction between the reaction mechanisms, convection effect, and diffusion transport. In this paper, variational iteration transform method that combines Laplace transform and the variational iteration method, which used to obtain approximate analytical solutions of Burger’s - Fisher equation. Comparison of the results obtained by the present method with the exact solution and other existing methods reveals the accuracy and fast convergence of the proposed method.