bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Frequency Response Extension of a Pulsed Magnetic Field Meter Based on an RL Integrator
Authors: Romantsov V. N. , Romantsov S. V. , Romantsova N. V. 
Published: March 2023

Introduction. Measurements of the amplitude-time characteristics of pulsed magnetic fields are required in various research and technology areas. Such measurements are carried out during pulsed magnetic field immunity testing, with the magnetic field pulse rise time being hundreds of ns, and the pulse duration to its half initial value (halfdroop) being hundreds of µs.Aim. To develop a meter of magnetic field strength with a linear conversion characteristic for measuring the pulse rise time, the pulse duration to its half-droop, and the peak value of the pulsed magnetic field strength.Materials and methods. Among several available methods for measuring pulsed magnetic field parameters, the induction method was selected. To obtain a signal proportional to the pulsed magnetic field strength, a signal from the induction transducer is integrated using a self-integrating induction transducer (RL integration) or by using an external RC integrator. The former method shows good results when measuring signals with a duration of hundreds of ns; however, this method is inefficient when measuring the parameters of longer-duration pulses. The latter method is used to determine the parameters of signals with a duration of hundreds of µs and ms; however, this method gives a large error when measuring the parameters of signals with a duration of hundreds of ns and less. The consecutive use of the two integration methods leads to an additional error in the measurement of the pulse duration to its half-drop.Results. A setup for determining the required magnetic field pulse parameters using a pulse magnetic field meter based on an RL integrator was developed. The relative measurement errors comprised 10, 10, and 9 %, respectively. The developed setup eliminates the error caused by losses in the active resistance of an induction transducer, thus enabling the pulse duration to its half-droop to be measured without additional errors under the pulse rise time of hundreds of ns and the pulse droop time of hundreds of µs.Conclusion. The development of a functional converter made it possible to extend the frequency response of a pulsed magnetic field meter based on an RL integrator to the low-frequency region.
Tingkat Ketergantungan Keuangan Daerah
Authors: Abdullah Julie , Hasan Wahyudin 
Published: March 2023

The purpose of writing this article is to determine the level of regional financial dependence in the North Bolaang Mongondow Regency using the method of financial ratio analysis. The results showed that over 5 years the government of North Bolaang Mongondow Regency relied heavily on transfer funds from external parties to finance regional expenditures with an average percentage of financial dependence of 93.29 percent. This high percentage rate shows that the contribution of local original income to the total regional income of the North Bolaang Mongondow Regency is still minimal.
TINGKAT PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT DAN STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN KEGIATAN KEBUN BIBIT DESA (KBD) DI KTH WONOSARI TANI IV DESA WONOREJO, KECAMATAN JATIYOSO, KABUPATEN KARANGANYAR
Authors: Pertiwi Nanda Eka , Nugroho Prasetyo 
Published: March 2023

Kawasan Hulu Daerah Aliran Sungai Samin merupakan daerah kritis yang rawan terhadap berbagai bencana alam. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan kegiatan rehabilitasi hutan dan lahan (RHL) yang didukung oleh program pembibitan Kebun Bibit Desa (KBD). Dalam mencapai keberhasilan KBD diperlukan partisipasi masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat partisipasi pada berbagai tahapan pelaksanaan KBD dan merumuskan strategi pengembangan KBD di KTH Wonosari Tani IV Desa Wonorejo, Kabupaten Karanganyar. Metode yang digunakan yaitu survei, kuisioner, dan wawancara mendalam. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam kegiatan KBD tergolong dalam kategori rendah untuk tahap perencanaan (36,75%), kategori sedang pada tahap pelaksanaan (57,78%) dan kategori rendah pada tahap evaluasi (37,50 %). Rumusan strategi dalam pengembangan KBD mendatang yaitu (1) membangun pengelolaan kebun pembibitan oleh masyarakat desa sebagai usaha; (2) mendorong peningkatan pemanfaatan lahan pembibitan sesuai dengan jenis bibit yang dibutuhkan dan diminati masyarakat; (3) meningkatkan kapasitas SDM (4); melakukan pembentukan dan penguatan kelembagaan kelompok tani dan kelembagaan desa dalam pembibitan (5); peningkatan penanaman jenis bibit dan jumlah bibit yang diminati masyarakat secara intensif; (6) meningkatkan kualitas bibit dan pemeliharaan tanaman secara intensif untuk keberhasilan panen yang tinggi; (7) melakukan kerjasama dengan pemerintah, masyarakat dan lembaga lainnya untuk memaksimalkan hasil dari kegiatan pembibitan; (8) melakukan kerjasama dengan pemerintah, masyarakat dan lembaga lainnya untuk memaksimalkan hasil dari kegiatan pembibitan
Accountability or Accounting? Elaboration of the Paris Agreement’s Implementation and Compliance Committee at cop 23
Authors: Campbell-Duruflé Christopher 
Published: March 2023

<p>This article provides an analysis of progress regarding the modalities and procedures for the Paris Agreement’s Implementation and Compliance Committee up to cop 23. I use the perspective of legal accountability to address three points of long-lasting divergence between parties: whether the Committee will be tasked to require parties to justify their performance by making specific reference to applicable legal standards; the contentious question of mandating the Committee to assess the progress of parties on the achievement of their ndc targets; and the involved party’s degree of control over the measures adopted. I conclude that a richer approach to accountability calls for granting a substantive role to practices of legal justification, assessment, and consequences within the modalities for the Committee in all three cases. Subject to political acceptance, such a mandate has the potential to foster parties’ sense of trust, reciprocity, and legal obligation toward one another. </p>
Predictors of Health Related Quality of Life of Thyroid Cancer Patients
Authors: Hossain AKM Farhad , Rahman Siddiqui Md Mahmudur , Khatun Sayada Fatema 
Published: March 2023

Background : Having the normal life expectancy of thyroid cancer patients, there are great concerns about any impairment in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) during the follow-up period. The aim of this study is to determine the potential predicting factors of health related quality of life (HRQOL) of thyroid cancer patients.
Methods : Total 246 thyroid cancer patients in two tertiary level hospitals in Dhaka city were involved in this cross sectional study from 01 July 2018 to 30 June 2019. Data were collected purposively by face-to-face interview with semi-structured questionnaire andchecklist. Data were analyzed by the statistical package for the social science (SPSS) version 23.
Results : Study revealed that mean (±SD) age of the respondent was 37.85(±12.20) years (range 14-70 years).Majority 74.4% of respondents was female, married (72%), housewife (61.4%),primary education (69%) and mean (±SD) monthly family income was Tk. 17681(±10602).Approximately 82.9% of patients had papillary cancer and 17.1% had follicular cancer. Of the patients, 91.5% had neck swelling, 41.9% had swollen lymph node, 57.3% had dysphonia and 35.4% had dysphagia.The mean overall HRQOL in thyroid cancer patients was 73.7(±8.39). HRQOL score of students and higher educated persons were better among the respective groups (p <.001).Multivariate regression analysis revealed that education (β=-0.888, p<.05), family income (β=0.05, p<.05) and marital status (β=-0.1.384, p<.05) and clinical condition (β=-0.522, p<.05) were potential predictors of HRQOLof thyroid cancer patients.
Conclusion : The overall HRQOL score was considerably good in this study. Family income, marital status, education and clinical condition had emerged as strong predictors in HRQOL of thyroid cancer patients. Proper diagnosis, motivation and attending clinical condition may significantly improve the HRQOL of thyroid cancer patients.
AKMMC J 2021; 12(2): 76-81
A Study on etiology and outcome of acute kidney injury patients requiring haemodialysis in a rural tertiary medical college hospital, Kishoreganj
Authors: Alam Chowdhury Md Rashed , Bhuiyan Bahar Uddin , Rahman Siddiqui Md Mahmudur , Saad Sanjeeda , Hossain Md Zakir , Alam Mohammad Shafiul 
Published: March 2023

Background and objectives: AKI is an increasingly common complication of critical illness, with some researches showing that as high as 1 in 5 adults and 1 in 3 children experiencing AKI per hospital admission. Whether occurring in the community or in the hospital, the clinical and public health importance of AKI is well established due to the association with high mortality and its separate independent effect on the risk of death and resource use. This study was aimed to find out the etiology and outcome of acute kidney injury patients requiring haemodialysis.
Methods: A retrospective study was done on 70 patients of AKI who required haemodialysis support in dialysis unit of medicine department of Jahurul Islam Medical College Hospital, Kishoreganj during the time period from Jan - 2018 to Dec – 2020. All patients of age 13 and above with AKI and have been dialyzed at least once during the study period were included.
Results: In this study, there was an overall male preponderance (70%) with age range of 13-40 years (48.57%). Most common features of presentation were oliguria, cough, respiratory distress, drowsiness, disorientation, reddish urine, pedal edema, fever and high blood pressure. The most common causes of AKI were sepsis (30%), hypovolemia (21.42%), acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) (14.29%) and pregnancy related causes (10%). Common indications for haemodialysis of AKI patients were refractory fluid overload (70%), features of uraemic encephalopathy (22.86%). In this study, 78.57% of AKI patients requiring haemodialysis were improved and discharged, 08.57% patients were progressed to end stage renal disease, 07.15% patients were expired and 05.71% patients were absconded.
Conclusion: It is concluded that sepsis, hypovolemia, AGN, obstetric causes, surgical causes and nephrotoxins were the primary causes of AKI patients requiring haemodialysis in this study. Most of these causes can be prevented with simple interventions such as appropriate management of infections, health education on oral rehydration, quality prenatal and emergency obstetric care and taking appropriate precautions when prescribing potentially nephrotoxic medications. Majority of the patients of AKI with complications were improved with haemodialysis. So, expansion of haemodialysis services to all parts of the country is necessary.
AKMMC J 2021; 12(2): 98-103
UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI NANOPARTIKEL EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN MATOA (Pometia pinnata J.R. Forst & G. Forst) TERHADAP BAKTERI Escherichia coli
Authors: Siregar Huzeila Nisa , Rahayu Yayuk Putri , Nasution Haris Munandar , Nasution M Pandapotan 
Published: March 2023

Escherichia coli was one of the bacteria that causes diarrhea. Matoa leaves (Pometia pinnata J.R. Forst & G. Forst) ) is a plant from the Sapindaceae family and is known to have antibacterial compounds. This study aims to make ethanol extract of matoa leaves into extract nanoparticles and to determine the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract nanoparticles better than ethanol extract of matoa leaves against E. coli bacteria.
This research was conducted experimentally with free variables, namely the concentration of matoa leaf ethanol extract (KEDM 25%; KEDM 50%; and KEDM 75%), and the nanoparticle concentration of matoa leaf ethanol extract (KNDM 2.5%; KNDM 5%; and KNDM 7.5%). The bound variable was the antibacterial activity of ethanol extract and nanoparticles of ethanol extract of matoa leaves against E. coli bacteria. Nanoparticle manufacturing uses the ionic glassing method with chitosan 0.1% and Na-TPP 0.1% (1:1). The nanoparticle size characterization of the extract used a Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). Antibacterial activity test using the diffusion method of Kirby Bauer's agar.
The result of the characterization of the extract nanoparticles obtained a size of 324.97 nm. The value of the antibacterial Zone Of Inhibition (ZOI) of matoa leaf ethanol extract was 13.9 mm (KEDM 25%); 14.6 mm (KEDM 50%); and 18 mm (KEDM 75%). The antibacterial ZOI value of the ethanol extract nanoparticles was 6.6 mm (KNDM 2.5%); 7.2 mm (KNDM 5%); and 7.7 mm (KNDM 7.5%). The conclusion of this research was that matoa leaf ethanol extract can be used as an extract nanoparticle, where with a concentration of 2.5% extract nanoparticles already has antibacterial activity capability which is equivalent to half the dose of 25% ethanol extract concentration of matoa leaves, so it can be said that the extract nanoparticle preparation can reduce the dose of a drug by up to half the dose, even though it is in the resistant category compared to Tetracycline 30 μg.
Alternatif Penanganan Losses Akibat Ketidakseimbangan Beban Pada Trafo Distribusi
Authors: Novfowan Anang Dasa , Mieftah Mochammad , Kusuma Wijaya 
Published: March 2023

The unbalanced load on distribution transformers is mostly caused of connecting new customers and changing patterns of electricity usage in the community. The impact of the unbalanced load is the emergence of a current flowing on the transformer neutral conductor that causes energy losses. Load balancing of distribution transformers is commonly done by technicians, but the implementation takes quite a long time and is repeated, sometimes up to 4-5 times to get the appropriate results. This is more due to less valid customer phase data. Customer phase verification is needed to accelerate the load balancing process in an effort to reduce losses in distribution transformers. With valid customer phase data, just one stage of load balancing can reduce losses by 1.06%..
Positive rate and risk factors of latent tuberculosis infection among persons living with HIV in Jiangsu Province, China
Authors: Zhang Yu , Lu Peng , Wu Kai , Zhou Hongxi , Yu Haibing , Yuan Ju , Dong Lang , Liu Qiao , Lu Wei , Yang Haitao , Cao Dianyi , Zhu Limei 
Published: March 2023

ObjectiveTo analyze the latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) among persons living with HIV(PLWH) in Jiangsu Province, to explore the factors affecting the positive rate of LTBI, and to take appropriate measures to control tuberculosis (TB) infection.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among PLWH in Jiangsu Province from June to July 2021. All PLWH in Jiangsu Province were used as the study population. Currently, the diagnosis of LTBI lacks a “gold standard” and can only be assisted by the immunological method. In this study, Tuberculin skin test (TST), ESAT6-CFP10 test (EC), and QuantiFERON-TB gold in-tube (QFT) were used to detect the positive rate of LTBI among PLWH and to analyze their risk factors.ResultsA total of 340 prisoners were included, 89.7% were male, the median age was 38 years [Interquartile Range (IQR):32-46 years], these patients were on Antiviral Therapy (ART), and median CD4 counts was 376 (IQR: 261-496), 103 (30.3%) were positive in at least one test, LTBI by TST was 16.5%, LTBI by EC was 15.9%, LTBI by QFT was 26.2%. Univariate analysis showed the results for TST, EC, and QFT were not affected by CD4 counts (p&gt;0.05), and multivariate analysis showed that a history of incarceration was associated with an increased risk of positive TST (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]=1.98;95% CI,1.03-3.82), EC (aOR=2.65;95% CI,1.37-5.12) and QFT (aOR=2.01;95%CI,1.12-3.57), in addition, female gender was associated with increased risk of positive TST (aOR=3.66;95%CI,1.60-8.37) and EC (aOR=3.43;95%CI,1.46-8.07), and contact history of TB patients was associated with increased risk of TST (aOR= 2.54;95%CI,1.23-5.22) and QFT (aOR=2.03;95%CI,1.03-3.99), and ethnic minorities (aOR=0.26;95%CI,0.12-0.57), longer duration of incarceration was associated with an increased risk of positive QFT (aOR=1.12;95%CI,1.02-1.24). Conclusions Female gender, and ethnic minorities, history of incarceration, longer duration of incarceration, and contact history of TB patients are risk factors for LTBI among PLWH in Jiangsu Province, and attention should be paid to TB control in this population.
A pseudo-outbreak of Cyberlindnera fabianii funguria: Implication from whole genome sequencing assay
Authors: Fan Xin , Dai Rong-Chen , Kudinha Timothy , Gu Li 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundAlthough the yeast Cyberlindnera fabianii (C. fabianii) has been rarely reported in human infections, nosocomial outbreaks caused by this organism have been documented. Here we report a pseudo-outbreak of C. fabianii in a urology department of a Chinese hospital over a two-week period.MethodsThree patients were admitted to the urology department of a tertiary teaching hospital in Beijing, China, from Nov to Dec 2018, for different medical intervention demands. During the period Nov 28 to Dec 5, funguria occurred in these three patients, and two of them had positive urine cultures multiple times. Sequencing of rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and MALDI-TOF MS were applied for strain identification. Further, sequencing of rDNA non-transcribed spacer (NTS) region and whole genome sequencing approaches were used for outbreak investigation purpose.ResultsAll the cultured yeast strains were identified as C. fabianii by sequencing of ITS region, and were 100% identical to the C. fabianii type strain CBS 5640T. However, the MALDI-TOF MS system failed to correctly identify this yeast pathogen. Moreover, isolates from these three clustered cases shared 99.91%-100% identical NTS region sequences, which could not rule out the possibility of an outbreak. However, whole genome sequencing results revealed that only two of the C. fabianii cases were genetically-related with a pairwise SNP of 192 nt, whilst the third case had over 26,000 SNPs on its genome, suggesting a different origin. Furthermore, the genomes of the first three case strains were phylogenetically even more diverged when compared to a C. fabianii strain identified from another patient, who was admitted to a general surgical department of the same hospital 7 months later. One of the first three patients eventually passed away due to poor general conditions, one was asymptomatic, and other clinically improved.ConclusionIn conclusion, nosocomial outbreaks caused by emerging and uncommon fungal species are increasingly being reported, hence awareness must be raised. Genotyping with commonly used universal gene targets may have limited discriminatory power in tracing the sources of infection for these organisms, requiring use of whole genome sequencing to confirm outbreak events.
His-Purkinje system pacing reduced tricuspid regurgitation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation after left-sided valve surgery
Authors: Wang Ning , Zhu Tianyu , Li Yan , Cheng Guanliang , Chen Yu , Fu Yuwei , Chen Xuezhi , Liu Xiaohui 
Published: March 2023

Background &amp; objectiveTricuspid regurgitation after left-sided valve surgery was a common and difficult problem. Atrial fibrillation was considered to be an important etiology of tricuspid regurgitation. His-Purkinje system pacing (HPSP) was a physiological pacing method, which could prevent and treat heart failure and might reduce tricuspid regurgitation. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of HPSP on tricuspid regurgitation in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation after left-sided valve surgery.MethodsThis study was a retrospective study. The 3-year patient review focused on those who underwent permanent cardiac pacemaker implantation of HPSP after mitral valve and/or aortic valve replacement from Jan 1st, 2019 to Jan 1st, 2022. HPSP included His bundle pacing (HBP) or left bundle branch pacing (LBBP). Clinical data collected included electrocardiogram, pacing parameters, ultrasonic cardiogram parameters and chest x-ray at implantation and 3-month follow up. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis of tricuspid regurgitation velocity were performed.ResultsA total of 44 patients was retrospectively reviewed. Eight patients who had undergone implantation of HPSP after left-sided heart valve replacement were enrolled in the study. All patients had persistent atrial fibrillation. Three of them received HBP and five underwent LBBP. At 3-month follow-up, the tricuspid regurgitation grade was significantly lower than that before implantation (P = 0.007). The tricuspid regurgitation velocity significantly decreased (317 ± 74 cm/s vs. 261 ± 52 cm/s, P = 0.022) and tricuspid valve pressure gradient (PG) reduced (42 ± 21 mmHg vs. 28 ± 10 mmHg, P = 0.040). The cardiothoracic ratio of patients was significantly lower than that before implantation (0.61 ± 0.08 vs. 0.64 ± 0.09, P = 0.017). The NYHA classification of patients also improved (P = 0.013). In multivariate liner regression analysis, the pacing ratio (β = 0.736, P = 0.037) was an independent determinant of tricuspid regurgitation velocity variation.ConclusionHPSP might reduce tricuspid regurgitation and improve cardiac function in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation after left-sided valve surgery.
Light-curing dental resin-based composites: How it works and how you can make it work
Authors: Watts David C. 
Published: March 2023

AimClinicians may become quite familiar with the rapid transformation of composite pastes to rigid solids as a routine phenomenon in operative dentistry. But they may still lack scientific understanding of how and why this happens. Efforts to learn scientifically about the interaction between light beams and resin-composites can significantly promote effective clinical placement of restorations. Neglect of such study can result in practical procedures of light curing that are inadequate or even seriously defective.MethodThis review addresses the underlying science and technology to elucidate how light curing works for dental resin-based composites, including—but not limited to—bulk fill types. This involves questions concerning: (a) the particle-wave understanding of light; (b) how photons can penetrate sufficiently deeply into bulk fill composites; (c) the necessary technology of LED light-curing units (LCUs); (d) the criteria for absorption of photons by photoinitiators to initiate free-radical addition polymerisation.ConclusionsThe implications for clinical practice are surveyed. These include design variables and selection criteria for LED-LCUs and guidelines on their use. This is to guide practitioners towards safe and effective light-curing procedures so that they can achieve optimal result for their patients.