bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A Pragma-stylistic Study of Humour inAhmed Matar's Poetry
Authors: Al-Hassnawi Hussein Dhahi 
Published: August 2023

This study aims to review and investigates the role and function of humourin Ahmed Matar's poetry pragma-stylistically. Furthermore, it attempts to identify the ways andstrategies in which he employs humour negatively. In a sense, he uses strategies of humour or joking so as tomock the socio-political situation in the case of Iraq. Thus, hecreates acceptability and sympathy on the part of the audience. The focus of this study is concerned with verbal mockery, which is produced by means of language or text. Additionally, the study postulates that there is no clear cut amongst humour types categories-that is the categories may interchange and merge in a few cases. Of the stylistic figures presented in this study is mockery,irony, exaggeration, comparison, and sarcasm.
Key Words: Pragmatics , mockery, sarcasm, exaggeration, humour.
0.Introduction
This study is an attempt to deal with strategies of humour in Ahmed's Matar poetry .Since pragmatics and stylistics are interrelated, especially, in poetry (Nofal, 2011) , it is required to deal with both discplines while approaching a poem.It is not unclear that the stylistic figures , which are employed in the corpus have got pragmatic implications .In this perspective, the current paper aims to find out how '' strategies of humour'' are reflected and manifested in Matar'spoetry.More specifically, the study aims at:
A.Showing the pragma-stylistic devices of humour, which are utilized by Ahmed Matar.
B.Evaluating the effect of such utilization.
C.Finding the most common strategies.
In view of the aforementioned aims, it is hypothesized that :
A.AhmedMatar heavily relies on strategies of humour to convey his message, the message of mockery and criticism;
B. he intentionally utilizes humour- he aims at, both, entertaining and mocking the public.
C. the most common strategies are : irony, exaggeration, and sarcasm
To accomplish the aims of the study and test its hypotheses, the following procedures are adopted :
A. Reviewing the literature on humour and pragmatics;
B.Developing a model for analysing the corpus;
C.Conducting a pragma-stylistic qualitative method of analysis of some randomly extracts chosen from Ahmed's Matar poetry;
D.Discussing the results of analysis, however the discussion is done within the analysis-that is no separate heading is dedicated for discussion. Finally,it is worth mentioning that the translation of the corpus is made by the theresearcher himself.
Iraqi EFL University Students' Awareness of Metonymy
Authors: Al-Shemmery Muayad Mingher 
Published: August 2023

The present work is about metonymy as one of the lexical relations which exists between words on one aspect, and as a problematic area for students of English on the other. Hence it aims at measuring the students’ proficiency in using metonymy and identifying the types of errors and their sources in recognizing and producing metonymic concepts. To achieve these goals, the study has hypothesized that most Iraqi EFL students face difficulties in using them. Then, a test has been planned on a sample of (50) Iraqi EFL university students at the Fourth Year, Department of English, College of Education, University of Kufa during the academic year (2014-2015). The results obtained from collecting and analyzing the students’ performance confirm that the students encounter serious difficulty in this area. This clear from the number of their correct responses in comparison with their incorrect ones. Key words: Lexical Relation; Metonymy; Test; Data Analysis
1- Introduction
Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Premenstrual Syndrom pada Siswi Sekolah Menengah Atas
Authors: Teja Ni Made Ayu Yulia Raswati , Diyu Ida Ayu Ningrat Pangruating , Dewi Ni Wayan Erviana Puspita , Nurtini Ni Made , Dewi Komang Ayu Purnama , Indriana Ni Putu Riza Kurnia 
Published: August 2023

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) adalah sekumpulan gejala berupa gangguan fisik dan mental, yang biasanya muncul mulai satu minggu sampai beberapa hari sebelum datangnya haid, dan menghilang sesudah haid datang, walaupun kadang berlangsung sampai haid berhenti PMS yang terjadi pada remaja dapat menurunkan produktivitas dalam melakukan aktivitas sehari-hari. Gejala-gejala PMS pada remaja dapat berpengaruh terhadap prestasinya di sekolah. Kejadian PMS mempengaruhi kegiatan di sekolah, misalnya: penurunan konsentrasi belajar, terganggunya komunikasi dengan teman juga dimungkinkan terjadi penurunan produktivitas belajar dan peningkatan absensi kehadiran. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan desain cross sectional.. Cara pengambilan sampel dengan non probability sampling. Jumlah sampel penelitian sebanyak 105 responden. Alat pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah kuesioner. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 7,6% remaja mengalami PMS Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dengan kejadian PMS (p=0,036), perilaku dengan kejadian PMS (p=0,035), usia menarche dengan kejadian PMS (p=0,047), dan tingkat stress dengan kejadian PMS (p=0,001). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara Pengetahuan, perilaku, usia menarche dan tingkat stress dengan kejadian premenstrual syndrome.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a collection of symptoms in the form of physical and mental disorders, which usually appear from one week to a few days before menstruation begins, and disappear after menstruation begins, although sometimes it lasts until menstruation stops PMS that occurs in adolescents can reduce productivity in carrying out daily activities. PMS symptoms in adolescents can affect their performance at school. PMS events affect activities at school, for example: decreased concentration in learning, disruption of communication with friends it is also possible that there is a decrease in learning productivity and an increase in absenteeism This research is analytic with cross sectional design. The sampling method is non-probability sampling. The number of research samples is 105 respondents. Data collectionl used a questionnaire The results of this study indicate that as many as 7.6% of adolescents experience PMS. There is a significant relationship between knowledge and the incidence of PMS (p=0.036), behavior and the incidence of premenstrual syndrome (p=0.035), age of menarche and the incidence of PMS (p=0.047) , and stress level with PMS incident (p=0,001) There is a significant relationship between knowledge, behavior, age at menarche and stress level with the incidence of premenstrual syndrome.
KONFLIK DAN PERUBAHAN SOSIAL
Authors: Alfrid Sentosa  , Lestariono Wijoko 
Published: August 2023

In a plural society as in a village, the form of social interaction can occur in a dissociative process or an associative process. The dissociative process can occur if each community group is unable to resolve itself with other groups and conversely the associative process can occur if the adjustment process can be carried out properly then the social interaction of post-conflict communities in the village will be associative.
Social conflict Basically, it cannot be organized unless it is postponed by reducing the extreme actions that occur, the way, among others, is to prevent conflict from producing something that is detrimental to all parties. In addition, conflict managers immediately pull individuals out of their involvement in a social conflict and include them in other community groups who are running positive programs.
Living in society cannot be separated from social changes, both fast and slow changes, because people cannot live alone without a relationship with their fellow human beings in society.
Pelatihan Pemanfaatan E-Commerce sebagai Media Pemasaran di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19 di Desa Nepa Sampang Madura
Authors: Subaidi Agus , Supardi Lili , Fajar Fajar 
Published: August 2023

Nepa merupakan salah satu desa yang ada di Kota Sampang bagian utara. Pada umumnya mata pencaharian masyarakat adalah nelayan. Selain itu terdapat juga Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) masyarakat. Para pelaku UMKM di Desa Nepa kurang memanfaatkan teknologi dalam memasarkan produknya. Padahal dengan melibatkan teknologi para pembeli lebih mudah mengetahui barang-barang yang dijual dan konsumen akan semakin meluas. Dengan adanya pengabdian ini Kami mencoba mengenalkan dan mengedukasikan tentang pemanfaatan teknologi e-commerce bagi UMKM sebagai media pemasaran. Sisi lain kelebihan dari e-commerce khususnya pada saat situasi pandemic Covid 19 seperti saat ini adalah konsumen tidak harus mendatangi langsung tempat UMKM. Jadi cukup pesan secara online. Tujuan dari pelaksanaan pengabdian untuk mengetahui kendala apa saja yang ada dan membantu pemasaran produk UMKM masyarakat Nepa terlebih di masa pandemic covid-19. Metode yang dipakai dalam pelatihan adalah Pemaparan (ceramah), praktik penugasan dan tanya jawab serta wawancara langsung untuk mengetahui respon masyarakat terhadap pelatihan. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara yang dilakukan bahwa pelaku usaha mikro kecil dan Menengah beranggapan positif terhadap program pelatihan dan pembinaan karena meberikan efek atau dampak yang positif terhadap perkembangan usaha mikro kecil. Faktor penghambat dari pelaksanaan kegiatan peningkatan pemberdayaan UMKM adalah minimnya tenaga penyuluh UMKM di Desa Nepa, terbatasnya anggaran yang dimiliki, kesulitan permodalan UMKM, dan permasalahan teknis UMKM.
Pendampingan UMKM dalam Meningkatkan Kualitas Sumber Daya Manusia dan Pendapatan Keluarga
Authors: Yusnita Maya , Herlissha Novita , Reniati Reniati , Wahyudin Nanang , Fauzi Padlun , Khadijah Khadijah 
Published: August 2023

Karya Makmur Village is one of the villages in the Pemali District Bangka Regency Bangka Belitung Islands Province. The problem of Karya Makmur Village that the knowledge of MSMEs actors is still quite low regarding MSME development strategies both in terms of Human Resources (HR), marketing and finance. In addition, MSMEs actors also do not have product licensing legality such as Halal Certification and Business Identification Number (NIB). The method of the program are outreach, education, training and mentoring. The stages of the activity consist of preparation, implementation, mentoring and evaluation. The implementation of the program has provided understanding, motivation, competency and skills in MSMEs development both in the fields of Human Resources (HR), Marketing, Finance and product licensing (Halal Certification and NIB). This activity will be periodically monitored and evaluated in order to maintain the sustainability of the program.
Pengembangan Literasi dan Numerasi melalui Kampus Mengajar Angkatan 2 di SD Inpres Paga
Authors: Boe Jessi Claudia 
Published: August 2023

Teaching Campus Batch 2 is one of Merdeka Campus' policies on the type of teaching activities in schools. This program invites students to contribute directly to the education of elementary and junior high school students in schools throughout Indonesia, especially in the 3 T areas (lagging, outermost, and leading). The Teaching Campus Program Batch 2, especially at the Paga Inpres Elementary School, has been going on for 5 months, from August to December 2021. The activities carried out are Knowledge Transfer, Technology Transfer and Administrative Affairs. The method used in this study is the method of habituation in the sense that students can develop literacy and numeracy in the elementary school. The final result in this study is that students can develop literacy and numeracy with activities that Campus Teaching students have done at Paga Inpres Elementary School.
Sosialisasi Pelatihan Permainan Tonnis bagi Guru Penjaskesrek di Kabupaten Sarmi sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kualitas Profesi
Authors: Mangolo Ewendi W , Mangngassai Ince Abdul Muhaemin , Marsuki Marsuki , Syaiful Andi 
Published: August 2023

This Community Service activity aims to socialize tonnis games for physical education, sports and health teachers (Penjasorkes) in Sarmi Regency. The boundaries of the field and the high cost of infrastructure in learning small ball games in schools are one of the reasons teachers have to innovate to develop an easy and cheap game model, namely tonnis games. The method used in this devotion uses the lecture method, the question and answer method, demonstrations to demonstrate tonnis game skills, and hands-on practice to practice the basic skills of tonnis games as a whole. The training participants were 20 teachers from elementary schools, junior high schools, high schools/ vocational schools in Sarmi Regency. The activity was held twice, namely on September 6, 7, 2022. At the end of the program, an evaluation is carried out to find out the mastery and skills of participants in the tonnis game. The results of the activity showed that in general the implementation of the training went smoothly. The mastery of the Penjaskesrek teachers towards the basic techniques of tonnis games is relatively good. The response of the participating teachers was positive and they were very enthusiastic about participating in the socialization and training. The obstacle encountered in the implementation of training is the lack of time to practice tonnis games
Pemanfaatan Tanaman Mangrove sebagai Bahan Ecoprint di Kecamatan Mempawah Hilir Kabupaten Mempawah
Authors: Lestariningsih Siti Puji , Mangurai Silvia Uthari Nuzaverra Mayang , Munadian Munadian 
Published: August 2023

Mangrove forest ecosystems that are maintained can be a source of economic income for local communities, including mangrove forests in Mempawah Regency, West Kalimantan. Mangrove plants have considerable potential as natural dyes. One part of the plant is the leaf. The development of natural dyes from leaves is an alternative to produce environmentally friendly products, namely ecoprint. Ecoprint is a natural coloring technique by utilizing plant parts including leaves without using chemicals. Ecoprint knowledge and skills for the surrounding community, especially junior and senior high school students, are important so that creativity is honed and becomes entrepreneurial capital. The purpose of this activity is to evaluate the knowledge, skills, and interests of junior and senior high school students in Mempawah Regency regarding ecoprints from mangrove leaves. Activities are carried out with two methods, namely the lecture method in the form of presentations and the training method. Junior and senior high school students' knowledge was also evaluated by means of questionnaires distributed before and after the activity. All participants can make ecoprints pounding technique using mangrove plants with different color density results. Participants' knowledge about ecoprint, leaf materials, and the advantages of ecoprint increased after the training activities. Ecoprint training activities can be activities that support arts and crafts and science subjects.
EFEKTIFITAS PENGGUNAAN BUKU AJAR STATISTIK DALAM MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MAHASISWA
Authors: Amirulmukminin Amirulmukminin , Purnama Ita 
Published: August 2023

At the beginning of 2020, the world was shaken by a deadly virus attack, namely, Covid 19. As a result, all activities were completely paralyzed, including teaching and learning activities. Seeing these conditions, the researchers compiled a statistics textbook as a guide for STIE Bima students. For this reason, the purpose of this study was to look at the effectiveness of using statistics textbooks in improving student learning outcomes in semester II of STIE Bima in the 2021/2022 Academic Year. Thus, lecturers will be able to compile teaching books by taking into account the characteristics and needs of students. This research involved 80 students who were divided into 2 classes. This research is a development research. Before the Statistics Textbook is distributed to students, validity is first tested. From the results of the two statistics textbook validators are in the valid criteria, that is, minor improvements were made such as the use of language, typing errors and others. The results of the analysis, it was found that the use of statistical textbooks had a high effectiveness in increasing student learning outcomes, this was indicated by the N-Gain value of 0.71 greater than or equal to 0.7 with an N-Gain percentage value of 70.54%. Not only that, it can also be seen in the increase in the average score in the pre-test versus post-test by 65.79%.
PENGARUH PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI BERBASIS PRAKTIKUM TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA
Authors: Rapsanjani Hafsemi , Yohanes Rizki Adri , Fredy Fredy 
Published: August 2023

This research is aimed at finding out the influence of Inquiry Learning Based Practice, to ward student’s study result in learning physic class X of SMAN 2 Gerung. The research was used experimental design. The population of the research was whole students class X which total number 123 students. Sample of the research was us random sampling technique and gotten class X1 and X3 as experimental and control group with sample 30 for experimental and 31 for control group. The data gathering was used objective test. Based on the results of the pre-test data analysis, the average value of the experimental class was 51.40 and that of the control class was 56.60. Post-testt results showed an average of 75.70 for the experimental class and 61.25 for the control class. The data analysis is used t-test formulation. Based on the data analysis is gotten that t-test is greater than t-table (6.49 greater than or equal to 2.019) with signification level 5%. It means that alternative hypothesis (Ha) is accepted and null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected. Therefore, it taken conclusion that there is the influence of Inquiry Learning Based Practice, to ward student’s study result in learning physical class X of SMAN 2 Gerung.
ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY TEST OF 96% ETHANOL EXTRACT OF FLOWERS, LEAVES, AND STEM BARK OF TIGARUN (Crateva magna DC.) AGAINST Staphylococcus aureus and Malassezia furfur
Authors: Hasani Najwi , Rika Hartati  , Elin Julianti  
Published: August 2023

Staphylococcus aureus and Malassezia furfur One of the microbes that can cause folliculitis is the inflammation of the skin in the hair follicles. The use of natural ingredients as antimicrobials must be developed as an alternative to overcome the resistance and side effects of chemical drugs. Tigarun (Crataeva magna DC.) is a typical plant in South Kalimantan that can be developed as a natural antimicrobial agent for the treatment of skin infections. Previous studies have reported that tigarun has antimicrobial activity, but no studies have reported its potential antimicrobial activity against folliculitis-causing microbes. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the antimicrobial activity of 96% ethanol extracts of the flowers, leaves, and stem bark of tigarun (Crataeva magna DC.) against microbes that cause folliculitis, including Staphylococcus aureus and Malassezia furfur. Extraction was performed by the maceration method using 96% ethanol. The antimicrobial activities of the extracts were tested using the agar diffusion method. Based on the results of the antimicrobial activity test using the agar diffusion method, the tigarun flower extract showed better antimicrobial activity than the leaf and tigarun bark extracts. Flower extract activity at 200 mg/mL concentrations against Staphylococcus aureus (10.65 ± 0.25) and the fungus Malassezia furfur (7.40 ± 0.40) with moderate inhibition zone ketogenic
Keywords: Folliculitis, tigarun, antimicrobial, agar diffusion
Burnout in the teaching profession: a study at the Universidad Politécnica Salesiana Sede Guayaquil, Ecuador
Authors: Calle Carrión Iskra Casandra , Bastidas Jiménez Marcelo Javier 
Published: August 2023

The most productive organizations invest in their human capital and implement strategies to reduce levels of stress and fatigue at work. Burnout affects many countries in Europe and Latin America, especially those in the medical and teaching professions. Ecuador is no exception. The objective of this research is to know how Burnout Syndrome affects the teaching staff of an Ecuadorian university, using a descriptive methodology with a quantitative approach. The method used was the survey, using an instrument based on the "Maslach" burnout inventory, a tool that consists of 22 questions divided into three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal fulfillment. For the analysis, the following groups were defined: no burnout, mild/moderate burnout and severe burnout. A higher percentage of severe burnout is evidenced in men. The same occurs in the group of people between 35 and 44 years of age. It is concluded that there is an affectation in the quality of life of the teachers of the Salesian Polytechnic University caused by the Burnout Syndrome, it is recommended to improve the working condition of the employees to raise the levels of motivation and productivity of the organization.
Organ-sparing resection techniques in the treatment of liver echinococcosis
Authors: Krasnov A. O. , Anishchenko V. V. , Pachgin I. V. , Krasnov K. A. , Pelts V. A. , Krasnov O. A. , Pavlenko V. V. 
Published: August 2023

This study aims to present and evaluate the results of treating surgery patients using organsparing resection interventions for liver echinococcosis.Material and methods. The study presents the results of treating 103 patients (51/49.6 % males, 52/50.6 % females) who have undergone total radical pericystectomy/atypical liver resection for liver echinococcosis. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1, with interventions performed through laparotomic access (n = 84), and Group 2, with interventions using laparoscopic techniques (n = 19).Results. In the abdominal intervention group, there was no statistically significant advantage in the rate of parenchyma dissection between different methods (p > 0.05). The average time of haemostasis without the Tachocomb haemostatic substance applied showed a lower value (p = 0.17). The average blood loss during the Pringle manoeuvre was significantly lower (p = 0.043).There was no statistically significant advantage in the laparoscopic intervention group as regards the rate of parenchyma dissection (p = 0.74). The average haemostasis time was significantly shorter in patients using the Floseal haemostatic matrix than those treated otherwise (p = 0.001). In patients with the improved laparoscopic Pringle manoeuvre, blood loss was significantly less than in those who had not undergone the technique (p = 0.00008).No statistically significant differences were observed (p = 0.76) when comparing the percentages of nonspecific complications in the two groups. The average value of postoperative bed-day was significantly lower in the laparoscopic surgical treatment group (p = 0.00001).Conclusion. Using the Pringle maneuver when performing abdominal and laparoscopic interventions statistically proved its effectiveness. The use of the Floseal haemostatic matrix during laparoscopic operations allowed a statistically significant reduction in the time of haemostasis and intraoperative bleeding. The duration of the operation and the time of dissection of the parenchyma in the laparoscopic surgery were significantly higher (p < 0.05). The immediate results of the laparoscopic and abdominal interventions proved comparable.