bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disordered Eating Behaviours and Body Shape Dissatisfaction among Diabetic Adolescents: a Cross sectional study
Authors: Daniel Lidiya , Haile Demoz , Egata Gudina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Background

Disordered eating behaviours (DEBs) are variations in regular eating patterns and behaviours and might include symptoms and behaviours of eating disorder with lower level of severity. Such behaviours are common during adolescence at which time several physical and psychological changes occur favouring unhealthy dietary behaviours. Although the magnitude of DEBs is high among high – income countries, similar data are limited among diabetic adolescents in low-income countries including Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of DEBs and its relationship with body shape dissatisfaction among diabetic adolescents on follow-up at selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Methods

A Cross sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 395 diabetic adolescents from January to December, 2021. Data were collected using structured pretested standard diabetes eating problem survey (DEPS-R) questionnaire. Descriptive statistics such as median alongside interquartile range was used to describe the continuous variables. Binary bi-variable and multivariable logistic regression was used for data analysis. Mann-Whitney u-test and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to evaluate the difference between median scores of independent variables. Odds ratios alongside 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to measure the strength of association between variables of interest. Level of statistical significance was declared at a p < 0.05.

Results

The magnitude of engagement in disordered eating behaviours within the last 30 days was 43.3%, [95%CI :( 38%, 48%)]. Body shape dissatisfaction was found to have significant association with DEBs. Late adolescence [AOR = 1.99, 95% CI: (1.15, 3.46)], having diabetic complication [AOR = 2.07, 95%CI: (1.133.79)], skipping meal [(AOR = 3.48, 95% CI :( 1.19, 10.22)] and preferring to be thin [AOR = 14.55, 95% CI: (5.06, 41.90)] were also significantly associated with DEB.

Conclusions

The magnitude of DEBs among diabetic adolescents is high in the study setting. Body shape dissatisfaction was not significantly associated with DEBs after controlling for confounding variables. Nevertheless, late adolescence, skipping meal, having diabetic complication and preference of being thin were significantly associated with DEBs. Therefore, preventive interventions that address factors influencing DEBs among diabetic adolescent population need to be designed by all relevant actors working on health promotion of young population.
Content bias in math testing: Items about money, food, and social interaction disadvantage students from low socioeconomic backgrounds
Authors: Muskens Marjolein , Frankenhuis Willem E. , Borghans Lex 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In many countries, standardized math tests are important for achieving academic success. Here, we examine whether content of items, the story that explains a mathematical question, biases performance of low-SES students. In a large-scale cohort study of Trends in International Mathematics and Science Studies (TIMSS)—including data from 58 different countries from students in grades 4 and 8 (N = 5,501,165)—we examine whether item content that is more likely associated with major challenges for low-SES students (money, food, social relationships) improves their performance, compared with their average math performance. In contrast to our preregistered predictions, results show that low-SES students scored lower on items with this specific content than expected based on individual’s average performance. The effect sizes are considerable: on average, the chance to answer correctly is 18% lower. These results provide new insights in features of tests that disadvantage low-SES students and have implications for fair testing.
Activated MKK3/MYC crosstalk impairs dabrafenib response in BRAFV600E colorectal cancer leading to resistance
Authors: Bossi Gianluca , Pranteda Angelina , Piastra Valentina , Serra Martina , Sardo Federica Lo , Carpano Silvia , Diodoro Maria Grazia , Bartolazzi Armando , Blandino Giovanni , Milella Michele , Bernardini Roberta 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients with BRAF mutations develop resistance to BRAF inhibitors at very early stage. Understanding the mechanisms involved in resistance to BRAF inhibitors is required to develop novel therapeutic opportunities for this subtype of CRC patients.
CRC cells bearing BRAF mutations are mostly sensitive to the abrogation of MKK3, a specific activator of p38MAPKs signaling, suggesting that BRAF alterations might addict CRC cells to the MKK3/p38MAPK signaling. Interestingly, publicly available gene profiling data show significantly higher MKK3 transcript levels in CRC lines with acquired resistance to BRAF inhibitors.
Herein, we investigated the MKK3 roles in the response to BRAF targeting (dabrafenib) with COLO205 and HT29 BRAFV600E CRC lines and derived dabrafenib-resistant (DABR) sublines. We found that in parental cells, but not in DABR cells, dabrafenib reduces MKK3 phosphorylation and induces autophagy and cell death. The MKK3 knock-down induces cell death in DABR cells, whereas MKK3 ectopic expression in parental cells reduces dabrafenib sensitivity. Molecularly, activated MKK3 interacts and co-localizes with MYC, sustaining MYC protein stability and thus preventing the dabrafenib induced effects in CRC DABR cells both in vitro and in vivo. Overall, we identify a novel molecular mechanism beyond the dabrafenib resistance, shedding lights on an uncovered vulnerability for the development of novel therapeutic opportunities in BRAFV600E CRC.
Chronic pain in patients with mine-explosive wounds
Authors: Kuchyn¹ Iurii , Horoshko² Vasyl ’ 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: Chronic pain is diagnosed in 70% of patients with gunshot wounds, and in 11-40% of patients after injuries in civilian life. There are insufficient data on chronic pain in patients with mine-explosive injuries.
Methods: The treatment of 280 patients with mine-explosive injuries was analyzed. Pain intensity was diagnosed using a visual analog scale, neuropathic pain – pain diagnostic questionnaire, acute stress reaction – Hospital anxiety and depression scale and medical history, satisfaction with treatment results – Chaban quality of life scale.
Results: Chronic pain was observed in 240 (83.3% 95% CI 78.8%-87.4%) patients: 140 patients were injured in 1, 2 anatomical areas of the body – 82.2% (95% CI 76.8%-88.1%) and 100 patients were injured in 3 or more – 91.7% (95% CI 85.8%-96.2%). For DN4, a neuropathic component of pain was detected. Upon admission, the diagnosis of ASR was established: the number of HADS points ranged from 17 to 25 points on average. CQLS data indicated a low level (62-74 points) of satisfaction with treatment results.
Conclusions: Patients with mine and explosive injuries have a very high risk of chronic pain – 15% higher than patients with gunshot wounds and 57.5% higher than civilian injured patients. A greater frequency of the neuropathic component of pain and acute stress reactions is the reason for such chronicity. Low satisfaction with treatment outcomes is likely a consequence of chronic pain.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: Retrospectively registered on 03.08.2022, NCT05485285.
New ethenzamide-trimesic acid cocrystal: Equilibrium solubility
Authors: Lin Shuting , Xia Yingfan , Zhang Jiarong , Sun Weijie , Xu Xinxin , Jin Xiaoyu , Ren Penghui , Jiang Jiayi , Jiang Chengjun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
To study the influence of drug cocrystal on the solubility of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). The ETZ·2TMA·MeOH cocrystal was obtained by the solution evaporation crystallization method. The cocrystal structure was characterized by Single Crystal X-ray Diffractometer. The single crystal belongs to orthorhombic crystal system with space group P212121(no.19), a = 12.9863(9) Å, b = 16.6603(11) Å, c = 25.9260(16) Å, V = 5609.2(6) Å3, Z = 8, T = 170.00 K. The main forces are the formation of intermolecular hydrogen bonds between the amide groups on ETZ and the carboxyl groups on TMA and the hydroxyl group on methanol. In addition, the solubility of ETZ and ETZ·2TMA·MeOH cocrystal was determined. The results show that, in contrast to most cocrystal systems that improve solubility, the solubility of ETZ·2TMA·MeOH decreased to 19.30 % of pure ETZ.
B-cells Drive Response to PD-1 Blockade in Glioblastoma Upon Neutralization of TGFβ-mediated Immunosuppression
Authors: Hou David , Castro Brandyn , Dapash Mark , Zolp Andrew , Katz Joshua , Arrieta Víctor , Biermann Jana , Melms Johannes , Kueckelhaus Jan , Benotmane Jasim , Youngblood Mark , Rashidi Aida , Billingham Leah , Dmello Crismita , Vazquez-Cervantes Gustavo , Lopez-Rosas Aurora , Han Yu , Patel Ronit , Chia Tzu-yi , Sun Lu , Prins Robert , Izar Benjamin , Heiland Deiter Henrik , Zhang Peng , Sonabend Adam , Miska Jason , Lesniak Maciej , Zhao Junfei , Lee-Chang Catalina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment but has yet to be translated into brain tumors. Studies in other solid tumors suggest a central role of B-cell immunity in driving immune-checkpoint-blockade efficacy. Using single-cell and single-nuclei transcriptomics of human glioblastoma and melanoma brain metastasis, we found that tumor-associated B-cells have high expression of checkpoint molecules, known to block B-cell-receptor downstream effector function such as plasmablast differentiation and antigen-presentation. We also identified TGFβ-1/TGFβ receptor-2 interaction as a crucial modulator of B-cell suppression. Treatment of glioblastoma patients with pembrolizumab induced expression of B-cell checkpoint molecules and TGFβ-receptor-2. Abrogation of TGFβ using different conditional knockouts expanded germinal-center-like intratumoral B-cells, enhancing immune-checkpoint-blockade efficacy. Finally, blocking αVβ8 integrin (which controls the release of active TGFβ) and PD-1 significantly increased B-cell-dependent animal survival and immunological memory. Our study highlights the importance of intratumoral B-cell immunity and a remodeled approach to boost the effects of immunotherapy against brain tumors.
Systemic antibiotic prescription practices of periodontists in Chile: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Harvey Antonio Quintero , Wilckens Maria Isidora Voss , Buratovic Juan Pablo Vargas , Borroto Duniel Ricardo Ortuno 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Periodontitis is an immunoinflammatory condition of infectious etiology. Systemic antibiotic prescription is justified in specific circumstances balancing benefits and risks for patients and public health. Antibiotic resistance has been identified as an important threat to world health. There is no evidence about prescription practices amongst periodontists in Chile. The aim of this study was to describe the antibiotic prescription practices by periodontists in Chile
Method
A cross-sectional study was conducted. A digital self-report questionnaire was applied to periodontists affiliated to the Chilean Periodontal Society. The survey evaluated prescription practices for 12 specific clinical situations and follow-up behavior and report of adverse reactions.
Results
A total of 189 periodontists accepted the invitation to answer the survey. 100% of periodontists use systemic antibiotics in their clinical practice, and 14% of them prescribe them in more than 26% of their patients monthly. More than 50% prescribed amoxicillin combined with metronidazole for the treatment of periodontitis and peri-implantitis. Almost 40% of periodontists always prescribe in case of implant installation and regenerative procedures. For non-surgical periodontal therapy, the prescription frequency was very heterogeneous. The main determinants for systemic antibiotics prescription were smoking, patient systemic conditions and use of biomaterials. Also, 61.2% of periodontists reported adverse drug reactions, and 97.8% did not apply microbiological tests.
Conclusion
Systemic antibiotics prescription patterns varied substantially for different periodontal or peri-implant diseases and clinical procedures among respondents. According to the survey, antibiotic prescription by periodontists in Chile is a common practice and generally empirical,. Elaboration of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for rational antibiotic use are required.
Bioinformatics Analyses Reveal the Autophagy-related Feature Biomarkers in Dilated Cardiomyopathy with Heart Failure
Authors: ren jiayu , wang hongyan , li jing , qu peng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objective
Through the bioinformatics analysis of public data sets, to explore the potential biomarkers related to autophagy in the development of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) with heart failure (HF).
Methods
Microarray datasets for heart tissue in DCM with HF or healthy control were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by R software. Enrichment analysis, including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and gene set enrichment analysis (GESA) were performed using DAVID and GSEA software. Hub genes were identified by protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks and were validated in GSE21610 through the R software ggplot2 package and IBM SPSS Statistics 25.
Results
A total of 222 genes were obtained from the human autophagy database (http://www.autophagy.lu/index.html). There were 32 differentially expressed autophagy-related genes identified in the GSE29819 dataset in 14 samples of complicated dilated cardiomyopathy and 12 normal samples. GO, KEGG and GESA enrichment analysis showed that DEGs were mainly enriched in autophagy-related biological processes and cytokine signaling pathway. Seven hub genes and two gene cluster modules were identified using Cytoscape. Finally, it was further determined that FOXO1, FOXO3, CTSD and RAB7A as potential biomarkers have significant expression differences and diagnostic value in the GSE21610 dataset.
Conclusion
According to bioinformatics analysis, we found that the candidate genes FOXO1, FOXO3, CTSD and RAB7A were potentially related to the procession of autophagy and might be new diagnostic biomarkers for DCM with HF.
Scanning electron microscopy and EDX spectroscopy of commercial swabs used for COVID-19 lateral flow testing
Authors: Aparicio-Alonso Manuel , Torres-Solórzano Verónica , Contreras José Francisco Méndez , Acevedo-Whitehouse Karina 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The chemical composition of COVID test swabs has not been examined beyond the manufacturers’ datasheets. Given the unprecedented demand for swabs to conduct rapid lateral flow tests and nucleic acid amplification tests, which led to mass production, including 3-D printing platforms, it is plausible that manufacturing impurities could be present in the swabs and, if so, could pose a risk for human health. We used scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy to examine the ultrastructure of five assorted brands of COVID test swabs, and to identify and quantify their chemical elements. We detected unexpected elements, including transition metals, such as titanium and zirconium, as well as aluminium, silicon, and fluorine. The amount of some of the detected elements is close to reported toxicological thresholds for inhalation routes. Experimental studies have shown that detrimental effects of the unexpected chemical elements include moderate to severe inflammatory states in the exposed epithelium as well as proliferative changes. Given the massive testing still being used in the context of the COVID pandemic, often as requisites for travelling, attending universities, or as mandatory work policies, we urge caution in continuing to recommend repeated and frequent testing, particularly of healthy, non-symptomatic, individuals.
AGTR1 potentiates the chemotherapeutic efficacy of Cisplatin in esophageal carcinoma through elevation of intracellular Ca 2+ and induction of apoptosis
Authors: Liu Kang , Bie Jun , Zhang Ruolan , Xiong Rong , Peng Lihong , Luo Yi , Yang Siyun , Feng Gang , Song Guiqin 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the principal chemotherapeutic agents used for esophageal cancer (EC) treatments, and EC mortality is still high. It is imperative to find new therapeutic targets and approaches to potentiate the chemotherapeutic efficacy of Cisplatin. Previous studies proposed that Angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AGTR1) is a therapeutic target in multiple cancer types. Here, we performed RNA-sequencing analysis of EC tissues and normal esophageal tissues, and identified AGTR1 as a differentially expressed gene that is markedly downregulated in recurrent and metastasized EC. AGTR1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell lines KYSE-150 and EC109 promoted their chemosensitivity to cisplatin both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, AGTR1 expression suppressed the metastasis-relevant traits of EC cells, as evidenced by reduced cell migration, invasion, and wound healing in EC cells with higher AGTR1 expression levels. Moreover, AGTR1 expression in EC cells upregulated intracellular Ca2+ levels, increased the losses of ATP levels and mitochondrial membrane potentials, which was accompanied with enhanced mitochondrial pathway apoptosis. Notably, either AGTR1 overexpression or treatments with the calcium channel blocker fendiline caused Ca2+ influx and promoted the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in KYSE-150 cells in vitro. These effects were augmented when both AGTR1 overexpression and fendiline stimulation were imposed in the absence or presence of Cisplatin treatments. Furthermore, fendiline administration enhanced the chemosensitivity of Cisplatin in an EC xenograft mouse model. Collectively, our findings offer an alternative treatment option and provide mechanistic insight into using fendiline to potentiate the chemotherapy efficacy of Cisplatin in EC treatments.
Gut Microbiota-derived 3-hydroxybutyrate blocks GPR43-mediated IL6 signaling to ameliorate radiation proctopathy
Authors: Ge Zhenhuang , Chen Chun , Chen Junyi , Jiang Zhou , Chen Lingming , Wei Yingqi , Chen Haiyang , Wang Huaiming , Wang Hui , Lu Yong-jun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

Radiation proctopathy (RP) is a common complication of pelvic radiotherapy but lacking effective treatment. RP accompanies by microbial dysbiosis. However, how the gut microbiota affects the disease remains unclear. Here, we reveal that the fecal and serous concentrations of microbiota-derived 3-hydroxybutyrate (3HB) are significantly reduced in RP mice and radiotherapeutic patients. Moreover, the concentration of 3HB is negatively associated with the expression of proinflammatory IL6 that is increased along with the severity of radiation damage. 3HB treatment significantly downregulates IL6 expression and alleviates IL6-mediated radiation damage. Such a radioprotection of 3HB is mediated by GPR43. Akkermansia muciniphila, with a significant reduction in RP mice and patients, is associated with lower 3HB concentration. Treatment of A. muciniphila significantly increases 3HB concentration, downregulates GPR43 and IL6 expression, and ameliorates radiation damage in mice. Collectively, these results demonstrate that the gut microbiota, including A. muciniphila, induce higher concentrations of 3HB to block the GPR43-mediated IL6 signaling, thereby conferring radioprotection in RP mice. Our findings reveal a novel implication of the gut-immune axis in radiation pathophysiology, with potential therapeutic applications.
Bias assessment of a test-negative design study of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness used in national policymaking
Authors: Graham Sophie , Tessier Elise , Stowe Julia , Bernal Jamie Lopez , Parker Edward , Nitsch Dorothea , Miller Elizabeth , Andrews Nick , Walker Jemma (L) , McDonald Helen 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
National test-negative-case-control (TNCC) studies are used to monitor COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) in the UK. A questionnaire was sent to participants from the first published TNCC COVID-19 VE study conducted by the UK Health Security Agency, to assess for potential biases and changes in behaviour related to vaccination.
The original study included symptomatic adults aged ≥70 years testing for COVID-19 between 8 December 2020 and 21 February 2021. The questionnaire was sent to cases and controls tested from 1-21 February 2021.
8,648 individuals responded to the questionnaire (36.5% response). Self-reported timing of vaccination and infection onset was consistent with routinely recorded data. Additional adjustment of vaccine effectiveness estimates for high-risk conditions and household size or type found no evidence of confounding by these factors. Self-reported behaviour demonstrated some deferral of vaccination while unwell, but no or minimal evidence of riskier behaviour after vaccination. These findings offer reassurance to policy makers and clinicians making decisions based on COVID-19 VE TNCC studies.
Hospital clinical pharmacists’ perspectives on suboptimal pharmaceutical care: a qualitative study.
Authors: McLean Amanda , Paudyal Vibhu , Cunningham Scott , Stewart Derek 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
While clinical pharmacists are responsible for medicines optimisation and provision of pharmaceutical care, there is a lack of literature focusing on what constitutes ‘suboptimal’ pharmaceutical care.
Aim
To explore the perceptions and experiences of hospital clinical pharmacists of the delivery of suboptimal pharmaceutical care, and the determinants influencing their behaviours.
Method
This study adopted a phenomenological qualitative design. Participants from one health board in Scotland were recruited purposively, and interviewed until data saturation was reached. The semi-structured interview schedule focused on behaviours associated with participant’s experiences and perceptions of suboptimal pharmaceutical care. Behavioural determinant items were derived from the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Transcripts were analysed using a thematic approach.
Results
Ten participants were interviewed to achieve data saturation. Behaviours were observed in different phases of the process: identifying, responding to, reporting and reflecting on suboptimal pharmaceutical care. The themes from the analysed data showed potential influences from environmental context and resource factors such as time management and prioritisation which influenced both the identification and reporting of suboptimal pharmaceutical care, and social and professional role and identity factors including professional embarrassment and hierarchical barriers which influenced reporting on suboptimal pharmaceutical care.
Conclusion
This study suggests that the concept of suboptimal pharmaceutical care can be used to describe events and episodes that pharmacists perceived as being less than the desired standard of care for patients. Factors such as time management, prioritisation and system related barriers often prevented pharmacists reporting suboptimal pharmaceutical care.