bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Overview of Julia-lythgoe Olefination
Authors: Varsha Vijayan , Radhika Sankaran , Anilkumar Gopinathan 
Published: May 2023

Abstract:
Julia-Lythgoe olefination (or simply Julia olefination) is an olefination process between phenyl sulfones and aldehydes (or ketones) to give alkenes after alcohol functionalization and re-ductive elimination using sodium amalgam or SmI2. It is mainly used to synthesize E-alkenes and is a key step in numerous total syntheses of many natural products. This review exclusively deals with the Julia-Lythgoe olefination and concentrates mainly on the applications of this reaction in natural product synthesis covering literature up to 2021.
Novel Penicillin Derivatives Against Selected Multiple-drug Resistant Bacterial Strains: Design, Synthesis, Structural Analysis, In Silico and In Vitro Studies
Authors: Hussen Narmin Hamaamin , Hamid Shokhan Jamal , Sabir Mohammed Nawzad , Hasan Aso Hameed , Mohammed Sewara Jalal , Shali Aras Ahmed Kamal 
Published: May 2023

Introduction:
The rising numbers of multiple drug-resistant (MDR) pathogens and the
consequent antibacterial therapy failure that resulted in severe medical conditions push to illustrate
new molecules with extended activity against the resistant strains. In this manner, chemical
derivatization of known antibiotics is proposed to save efforts in drug discovery, and penicillins
serve as an ideal in this regard.

Methods:
Seven synthesized 6-aminopenicillanic acid-imine derivatives (2a-g) were structure elucidated
using FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and MS spectroscopy. In silico molecular docking and
ADMET studies were made. The analyzed compounds obeyed Lipinski’s rule of five and showed
promising in vitro bactericidal potential when assayed against E. coli, E. cloacae, P. aeruginosa,
S. aureus, and A. baumannii. MDR strains using disc diffusion and microplate dilution techniques.

Results:
The MIC values were 8 to 32 μg/mL with more potency than ampicillin, explained by
better membrane penetration and more ligand-protein binding capacity. The 2g entity was active
against E. coli. This study was designed to find new active penicillin derivatives against MDR
pathogens.

Conclusion:
The products showed antibacterial activity against selected MDR species and good
PHK, PHD properties, and low predicted toxicity, offering them as future candidates that require
further preclinical assays.
The Effects of Obesity on Bone Turnover Markers in Diabetic Patients with
Diabetic Ketosis or Ketoacidosis
Authors: Gong Min , Xu Chenglin , Wen Song , Yuan Yue , Yang Liling , Zhou Mingyue , Li Yanyan , Zhou Ligang 
Published: May 2023

Purpose:
Despite the fact that diabetes individuals are often associated with a higher risk of bone fracture, our previous research demonstrated that Diabetic ketosis (DK) or ketoacidosis (DKA) induced significant alterations in bone biomarkers. It is unknown whether there is a difference in bone metabolism between obese and non-obese diabetic populations while they are in DK or DKA; hence the current study will investigate this further to aid in the prognosis and prediction of bone fracture risk in patients with different BMIs.

Methods:
We categorized patients into four groups based on their BMI utilizing data from our hospital's medical record system from 2018 to 2020 in the Department of Endocrinology: obese DK or DKA patients (OB+DK/DKA, n = 41), non-obese DK or DKA patients (DK/DKA, n = 201), obese type 2 diabetes patients without DK or DKA (OB+T2D, n = 93), and patients with type 2 diabetes only (T2D only, n = 304). The comparisons were made on glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma C-peptide (FPCP), and plasma lipids, in addition to bone metabolism indicators such as total 25-OH-VitD3 (25-OH-VitD3), N-terminal middle molecular fragment of osteocalcin (NMID), -C terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type 1 collagen (-CTX), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and blood calcium (Ca2+).

Results:
The OB+DK/DKA group had a lower average age (p < 0.05) than the DK/DKA group, while the DK/DKA group had a significantly lower FPCP (p < 0.05). The 25-OH-VitD3 levels of DK/DKA patients were considerably lower than those of the T2D-only group (p < 0.05). In contrast, NMID and Ca2+ levels were significantly lower than those of non-ketosis or acidosis patients (p < 0.05), and PTH levels in the DK/DKA group were significantly lower than those of OB+ T2D patients (p < 0.05). In contrast, the β-CTX of the DK or DKA group (OB+DK/DKA and DK+DKA) was significantly greater than that of the non-DK or DKA group (p < 0.05), although there was no significant difference in blood phosphorus between OB+DK/DKA and DK/ DKA (p > 0.05). The levels of thyroid-stimulating hor-mone (TSH) and free T4 (FT4) did not differ significantly among the four groups (p > 0.05); however, the levels of total T3 (TT3), T4 (TT4), and free T3 (FT3) were significantly lower in the DK/DKA group (p < 0.05); the ratio of TT3 to TT4 (TT3/TT4) was significantly decreased in the DK/DKA group, whereas the ratio of FT3/FT4 was significantly lower (p < 0.05).

Conclusion:
Obese patients with DK or DKA have a younger onset age, superior pancreatic function, and better blood glucose management than non-obese patients with DK/DKA. Despite having higher bone absorption signals than non-DK/DKA patients, OB+DK/DKA patients have stronger bone for-mation markers than non-obese DK/DKA patients, according to a recent study. Changes in markers of bone metabolism may be linked to non-thyroidal illness syndrome in cases of DK or DKA.
Intelligent Technique for Moving Object Detection from Problematic Video
Captured through Camera Sensor
Authors: Mishra Sneha , Yadav Dileep Kumar 
Published: May 2023

Aim:
The significant aim of the proposed work is to develop an adaptive method to compute
the threshold during run-time and update it adaptively for each pixel in the testing phase. It
classifies motion-oriented pixels from the scene for moving objects using background subtraction
and enhances using post-processing.

Background:
According to the huge demand for surveillance system, society is looking towards an
intelligent video surveillance system that detect and track moving objects from video captured
through a surveillance camera. So, it is very crucial and highly recommended throughout the globe
in numerous domains such as video-based surveillance, healthcare, transportation, and many more.
Practically, this research area faces lots of challenging issues such as illumination variation, cluttered
background, camouflage, etc. So, this paper has developed an adaptive background subtraction
method to handle such challenging problems.

Objective:
To focus and study the problematic video data captured through the camera sensor.
To handle challenging issues available in real-time video scenes.
To develop a background subtraction method and update the background model adaptively for moving
object detection.

Method:
The proposed method has been accomplished using the following sections:
Background model construction
Automatic generation of threshold
Background subtraction
Maintenance of background model

Results:
The qualitative analysis of the proposed work is experimented with publicly available datasets
and compared with considered state-of-the-art methods. In this work, library sequence (thermal
data) of CDNET and other color video frame sequences Foreground aperture, Waving Tree and
Camouflage are considered from Microsoft’s Wallflower. The quantitative values depicted in Table-
1. This work demonstrate the better performance of the proposed method as compared to state-ofthe-
art methods. It also generates better outcomes and handles the problem of a dynamic environment
and illumination variation.

Conclusion:
Currently, the world is demanding computer vision-based security and surveillancebased
applications for society. This work has provided a method for the detection of moving information
using an adaptive method of background subtraction approach for moving object detection
in video scenes. The performance evaluation depicts better average results as compared to considered
peer methods.
Impact of COVID-19 on Public Interest in Breast Cancer Screening and Related Symptoms: Google Trends Analysis
Authors: Tan Si Ying , Tang Matilda Swee Sun , Ong Chin-Ann Johnny , Tan Veronique Kiak Mien , Shannon Nicholas Brian 
Published: May 2023

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a decrease in cancer screening due to the redeployment of health care resources and public avoidance of health care facilities. Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in female individuals, with improved survival rates from early detection. An avoidance of screening, resulting in late detection, greatly affects survival and increases health care resource burden and costs.

Objective
This study aimed to evaluate if a sustained decrease in public interest in screening occurred and to evaluate other search terms, and hence interest, associated with that.

Methods
This study used Google Trends to analyze public interest in breast cancer screening and symptoms. We queried search data for 4 keyword terms (“mammogram,” “breast pain,” “breast lump,” and “nipple discharge”) from January 1, 2019, to January 1, 2022. The relative search frequency metric was used to assess interest in these terms, and related queries were retrieved for each keyword to evaluate trends in search patterns.

Results
Despite an initial drastic drop in interest in mammography from March to April 2020, this quickly recovered by July 2020. After this period, alongside the recovery of interest in screening, there was a rapid increase in interest for arranging for mammography. Relative search frequencies of perceived breast cancer–related symptoms such as breast lump, nipple discharge, and breast pain remained stable. There was increase public interest in natural and alternative therapy of breast lumps despite the recovery of interest in mammography and breast biopsy. There was a significant correlation between search activity and Breast Cancer Awareness Month in October.

Conclusions
Online search interest in breast cancer screening experienced a sharp decline at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, with a subsequent return to baseline interest in arranging for mammography followed this short period of decreased interest.
Online Mental Health Forums and Rural Resilience: Mixed Methods Study and Logic Model
Authors: Steiner Artur , Farmer Jane , Kamstra Peter , Carlisle Karen , McCosker Anthony , Kilpatrick Sue 
Published: May 2023

Background
Rural mental health is a growing area of concern internationally, and online mental health forums offer a potential response to addressing service gaps in rural communities.

Objective
The objective of this study was to explore and identify pathways by which online peer support mental health forums help to build resilience for rural residents experiencing mental ill-health by contributing to overcoming their specific contextual challenges.

Methods
We developed a Theoretical Resilience Framework and applied it to 3000 qualitative posts from 3 Australian online mental health forums and to data from 30 interviews with rural forum users.

Results
Drawing on the findings and an abductive approach, a logic model was developed to illustrate links between the resilience resources built and enabling features of forums that make them spaces that facilitate resilience.

Conclusions
The study demonstrated that online forums make valuable contributions to social well-being and access to a range of timely support services for rural people experiencing mental ill-health, and, while doing so, involve users in the processes of resilience building. The study provides a new way for practitioners to frame the work of and value produced by forums. It gives a logic model that can be used in evaluation and audit as it facilitates a causal framing of how forums, as an intervention, link with resilience outcomes. Ultimately, the study contributes to developing new knowledge about how rural resilience building can be conceptualized and measured while showing how forums are part of contemporary health service provision in rural places.
The Formulation of Financial Statements: A Proposal for Change
Authors: Gamble George O. , Tollerson Cynthia D. 
Published: May 2023

SYNOPSIS
This paper proposes a new framework for financial statement presentation that provides users with a more detailed understanding of the relationship between cash and accrual information and earning power. To accomplish these objectives, we provide new classifications for assets, liabilities, equity, statement of income, and statement of cash flow. Assets are classified as either operating or nonoperating, economic or financial, monetary or nonmonetary. Liabilities and equity are initially classified under the title “means of financing assets.” Next, they are either classified as monetary or nonmonetary and further classified as either: (1) expected cash requirements during next reporting period, (2) expected cash requirements in future periods, or (3) no expected cash requirements. The statement of income utilizes current period, prior period, and future period for cash flow categories. The statement of cash flows is developed along the lines of primary economic operations and nonoperating economic/financial activities.
A Review of the Design and Enhancement of Pastoral Culture Creativity in Chinese Rural Ecotourism
Authors: Rui Wang , Menglin Xu , Yiliang Fang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Chinese rural ecotourism is of great significance to promote rural revitalization. As Chinese consumers’ requirements for rural ecotourism gradually increase, seeking the integration of regional characteristics of pastoral culture elements is the top priorities of Chinese rural ecotourism attractions. The creative design of pastoral culture is a breakthrough point in creating characteristic rural ecotourism attractions and truly developing China’s rural economy. Based on this, this paper sorts out the current situation of China’s rural ecotourism attractions, and puts forward feasible suggestions for the design and improvement of future pastoral culture creativity in China’s rural ecotourism.
Any correlation between severity of symptoms and the adenoid nasopharyngeal ratio?
Authors: Dahilo Enoch Auta , Itanyi Ukamaka Dorathy , Yikawe Semen Stephen , Folorunso David Femi , Ibekwe Titus Sunday 
Published: May 2023

Objective:
Adenoid Hypertrophy is a common childhood condition that presents with mouth breathing, nasal discharge, snoring and sleep apnea. Lateral Nasopharyngeal X-ray aids diagnosis and assessment of patency of the Nasopharyngeal air column through Adenoid Nasopharyngeal Ratio (ANR). This study aims to correlate ANR with symptoms and signs of Adenoid Hypertrophy.

Material and Methods:
A retrospective study conducted in the Ear, Nose and Throat/Head and Neck Surgery (ENT/HNS) Department of University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Gwagwalada from January 2019 to December 2021. The case notes and Lateral Nasopharyngeal X-rays of 66 Children aged between 2months to 11 years, with suspected Adenoid Hypertrophy were retrieved and relevant retrieved data analyzed.

Results:
A total of 66 patients were enrolled into this study with 50 (75.76%) males and 16 (24.24%) females. The age range was between 2 months to 11 years, with a mean of 3.65±2.76 years. ANR ranged from 0.03 to 0.94 with mean 0.71±0.15. Out of the 66 participants, 30 (46.15%) had ANR of 0.7, while 35 (53.85%) had ANR of > 0.7. Linear regression analysis showed association between age and ANR (P < 0.05). Snoring was the most common symptom (92.42%), followed by Mouth breathing (89.39%) and Nasal Discharge (77.27%). Majority of patients (88.6%) had a Mild Symptom Score. There was no statistically significant relationship between any of the clinical features and ANR.

Conclusion:
There is no significant correlation between the clinical features and adenoid nasopharyngeal ratio.
AUTOMATION OF INFORMATION COLLECTION IN SOLVING THE TASKS OF EMERGENCY DISPATCHING SERVICES OF CITY SERVICES
Authors: Ковалева Н.А. , Сальников В.В. 
Published: May 2023

Повсеместное развитие информационных технологий наблюдается практически во всех отраслях жизнедеятельности современного человека. Одним из наиболее актуальных направлений развития данного сегмента является аварийно-диспетчерское обслуживание. Основной целью представленной статьи является исследование вопроса, связанного с актуальностью автоматизации сбора информации в задачах аварийно-диспетчерского обслуживания городских служб. Автором применяются теоретические методы исследования, а также используются результаты научных работ отечественного и зарубежного авторства. Преимущественная часть статьи посвящена именно вопросам автоматизации сбора информации в исследуемой области.
The widespread development of information technologies is observe in almost all sectors of modern human life. One of the most relevant areas of development of this segment is emergency dispatch service. The main purpose of the presented article is to study the issue related to the automation of information collection in the tasks of emergency dispatching services of urban services. The author applies theoretical research methods, and uses the results of scientific works of domestic and foreign authorship. The predominant part of the article is devoted specifically to the automation of information collection in the field under study.
A Case of Organizing Pneumonia Following Azacitidine Treatment for Myelodysplastic Syndrome
Authors: Hutchinson Kelly Ann , Hébert Carole-Ann , Rajaram Ajay , Fiset Pierre-Olivier , Schwartzman Kevin 
Published: May 2023

Organizing pneumonia (OP) is a lung pathology mainly affecting distal lung structures. Its etiology is often unknown, in which case it is termed cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP). Of those cases of OP with an identified cause, the usual culprits include infections, medications, and radiation therapy. In this report, we present the case of a 73-year-old female on azacitidine –a pyrimidine analogue– used for treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The patient presented with fever, productive cough, and pleuritic chest pain. A CT of the chest, a bronchoalveolar lavage and a transthoracic biopsy were performed, and findings were consistent with OP, thought to be induced by azacitidine. The patient was treated with prednisone and subsequently showed significant improvement. Although rare, this case underlines the importance of considering OP in the context of non-resolving pulmonary infiltrates, particularly when there is a potentially relevant exposure, such as azacitidine.
Exposure to English accents in underraduate settings: Gendered responses?
Authors: Ling Mayyer 
Published: May 2023

<p> Educators in the Brunei Darussalam’s education system are predominantly locals, and are many havereceived their education from local universities. In addition, the first language of most of thepopulation is one of the seven indigenous languages including Brunei Malay. Therefore, it is notuncommon to hear educators speaking in English with a local accent. This, however, is seen to comewith a preconceived notion of status and competence to the interlocutor. Being in a setting whereboth attributes are expected to be high in educators to bridge trust between students and teachers,and assimilate knowledge transfer, it is interesting to see if the local students’ preconceived notionsare reflective of the low status-low competence attributed to non-native-like accents abroad.Furthermore, gender is also a vital variable in investigating the current study as Brunei is a patriarchalsociety, but women are lavishly pampered with equal opportunities as men. The current studysuggests that male speakers of Received-Pronunciation and Brunei accents are the anchors for statusand competence traits, and thus, gender may very well be a factor that determines the status andcompetence of the accented English-speakers in the patriarchal Sultanate. </p>
Geophagy: a survey on the practice of soil consumption in N’Djamena, Chad
Authors: Kimassoum Djimadoum , Ngum Ngum Lesley , Bechir Mahamat , Haroun Alexis , Tidjani Abdelsalam , Frazzoli Chiara 
Published: May 2023

Background Geophagy, the recurrent intentional eating of soil, is well documented in many African countries, but little or nothing is known about this practice in Chad. We conducted a cross-sectional study among inhabitants of N’Djamena to assess: (i) source, type, and form of geophagic soil at purchase; (ii) event, daily frequency, daily cost, and duration of soil eating; (iii) habits at consumption and storage; (iv) specific motivation of soil eating and habit-forming events; (v) expected health benefits and awareness of health risks; and (vi) chance for intervention. Methods One main food market was randomly selected in each of the 10 districts of N’Djamena. In each food market, 10 vending points of geophagic soil were randomly selected. In each vending point, one geophagist was interviewed. A total of 100 geophagists (residents in N’Djamena) completed a self-reported structured questionnaire on hard copy. Outcomes were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics 20.0 software. Results The main group of geophagists in Chad is represented by women in childbearing age (30.4 years old). Geophagic soil is generally locally extracted and easily available at the food market (77%). Kaoline is the most consumed soil (63%) followed by laterite (29%). Soil is preferentially consumed granulated (66%) or crushed (23%), but also in powder. Protective effect against cancer and gastritis figures out as main (35%) expected benefit of the practice, followed by protection against nausea and vomiting (25%) and pain (19%). One in 4 geophagists eats soil due to pleasure at taste, and some (2%) just follow the habit without specific purpose of pleasure. Geophagy in Chad is a culturally-transmitted form of pica. Interestingly, even if the vast majority of geophagists (94%) is unaware and uninformed about health risks of soil eating, the 43% were against the option of recommending it. Conclusions Based on these findings, we recommend awareness campaigns on: (i) the health risk of soil eating, (ii) erroneous beliefs, e.g., the protective effect of geophagic soil against cancer, and (iii) the misleading communication subtended by the vending of soil among food items.
«Угольная игла» Кузбасса в контексте устойчивости регионального развития
Authors: Фридман Ю.А. , Речко Г.Н. , Логинова Е.Ю. 
Published: May 2023

Статья отражает позицию ее авторов по проблемам устойчивости развития экономики Кемеровской области – Кузбасса. Устойчивость трактуется как способность (свойство) экономической системы развиваться в условиях внешних и внутренних вызовов и шоков. Предложен авторский алгоритм количественной оценки экономической устойчивости (или резилиентности) региона в виде функции трех факторов развития территории: экономического потенциала, конкурентоспособности и инновационности экономики. Использована методика К. Фостер для расчета Индекса потенциала устойчивости (Resilience Capacity Index), адаптированная для оценки субъектов РФ и видоизмененная под цели настоящего исследования. Рассчитана динамика экономической устойчивости Кузбасса за 2000–2021 гг., дана сравнительная оценка устойчивости регионов Южно-Сибирской конурбации. Авторы делают вывод, что сырьевая модель экономики не является для Кузбасса проклятием. В целях повышения устойчивости региону необходимо развивать отрасли новой экономики, повышать уровень жизни населения, но главное – следует серьезно наращивать степень инновационности экономики. Данное исследование может быть использовано при разработке структурной политики в контексте стратегирования развития Кузбасса.