bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Little brown bat activity patterns and conservation implications in agricultural landscapes in boreal Yukon, Canada
Authors: Slough Brian G. , Reid Donald G. , Schultz Dafna S. , Leung Maria C.‐Y. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAgriculture can threaten the persistence of bat populations by removing forests and wetlands and by intensifying production. Both processes are underway in expanding agricultural landscapes of boreal North America. To inform land planning and agricultural practices aimed at maintaining a viable population of the little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus), we assessed the use by bats of human‐modified (open fields, forest‐field edges, and cleared edges of ponds) and unmodified (forest ponds and forest interior) habitat features in agricultural landscapes in southern Yukon, Canada (60° N–61° N), using acoustic recordings. We summarized bat activity (number of 3‐s acoustic files with ≥1 pass/night) and bat feeding (files with >1 feeding buzz/night) at grouped sets of habitat features (sites) and used generalized linear mixed models to test predictions about relative use of habitats. The active season for bats was late April to early October. Little brown bat feeding was strongly correlated with general activity, but feeding comprised a significantly higher proportion of all activity at forest ponds and forest interiors compared to field edges, open fields, and ponds in fields. Total bat activity was highest at forest ponds, followed by field edges, and substantially less in forest interiors and open fields. Forest ponds were used more than the edges of nearby ponds with some riparian clearing for fields. Bats increased use of forest interiors and decreased use of fields as duration of darkness decreased close to summer solstice. We recommend exclusion of ponds, lakes, and other wetlands from future agricultural land disposition, and retention of a riparian forested buffer of ≥40 m around current water bodies on farms. We also recommend retention of strips or patches of forest bordering fields and connected to riparian areas and to more extensive forests on public lands. A relatively young agricultural landscape can avoid some of the risks of intensive agriculture with proactive planning and stewardship.
Safety and performance of a novel implantable sensor in the inferior vena cava under acute and chronic intravascular volume modulation
Authors: Sheridan William Stephen , Wetterling Friedrich , Testani Jeffrey Moore , Borlaug Barry A. , Fudim Marat , Damman Kevin , Gray Alastair , Gaines Peter , Poloczek Martin , Madden Stephen , Tucker James , Buxo Teresa , Gaul Robert , Corcoran Louise , Sweeney Fiachra , Burkhoff Daniel 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACTAimsThe management of congestion is one of the key treatment targets in heart failure. Assessing congestion is, however, difficult. The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety and dynamic response of a novel, passive, inferior vena cava (IVC) sensor in a chronic ovine model.Methods and resultsA total of 20 sheep divided into three groups were studied in acute and chronic in vivo settings. Group I and Group II included 14 sheep in total with 12 sheep receiving the sensor and two sheep receiving a control device (IVC filter). Group III included an additional six animals for studying responses to volume challenges via infusion of blood and saline solutions. Deployment was 100% successful with all devices implanted; performing as expected with no device‐related complications and signals were received at all observations. At similar volume states no significant differences in IVC area normalized to absolute area range were measured (55 ± 17% on day 0 and 62 ± 12% on day 120, p = 0.51). Chronically, the sensors were completely integrated with a thin, reendothelialized neointima with no loss of sensitivity to infused volume. Normalized IVC area changed significantly from 25 ± 17% to 43 ± 11% (p = 0.007) with 300 ml infused. In contrast, right atrial pressure required 1200 ml of infused volume prior to a statistically significant change from 3.1 ± 2.6 mmHg to 7.5 ± 2.0 mmHg (p = 0.02).ConclusionIn conclusion, IVC area can be measured remotely in real‐time using a safe, accurate, wireless, and chronic implantable sensor promising to detect congestion with higher sensitivity than filling pressures.
Extraction and Clarification of Orange Wax Obtained from Waste of the Citrus Industry
Authors: Ferreira Gabriel de Souza , Sobral Louise , Barreto Daniel Weingart , Calado Verônica 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe processing of the orange leads to a large generation of waste, which is underutilized or discarded. Thus, this study proposes a route to treat oily waste from the orange juice industry, transforming it into a by‐product of higher added value to the chemical industry. The orange wax is obtained by hydrodistillation and solvent extraction, and the clarification of the wax is carried out with the oxidative treatment using H2O2. A 32 Experimental Design confirmed that the factors, temperature, and concentration of the reactant, influence both response variables, the colorimetric changes and yield. The obtained waxes are characterized by chromatographic (CG‐MS), thermal, and rheological analysis. The results of the CG‐MS indicate that the clarification method is effective as the components responsible for the pigmentation and odor of the wax cannot be identified after the clarification process. Thermogravimetry analysis and differential exploratory calorimetryindicate a slight increase in thermal stability and a decrease in crystallinity after the clarification process. Rheological analyses show that the obtained waxes present similar flow behavior as commercial beeswax. Therefore, it can be affirmed that this work obtains a green wax from a residue for potential replacement of commercial waxes according to its properties analyzed.Practical applications: This work shows the extraction of orange wax from oily industrial wastes for possible applications in the food and cosmetics industries. The orange wax can be a sustainable substitute for nonrenewable products and supply the wax market due to the high demand. In addition, methods for processing and characterization of the waxes are presented in this work.
Lessons from viral pandemics
Authors: Moelling Karin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractViruses are ubiquitous in every habitat and are the most abundant species on our planet. Most ancient are RNA‐containing viruses. They may have contributed to the origin of life, since naked RNA‐only viruses, the viroids, lack genetic information. They fulfil several criteria of life. Could such structures have contributed to life on exoplanets somewhere in the Universe? Viruses are innovative, can integrate into genomes thereby supplying novel information and immunity to the host, protecting against superinfection by exogenous viruses. They are the drivers of evolution. As such they contributed e. g. to the placenta in mammals. The human chromosomes consist of about 50 % viral elements. Sub‐viral structures such as transposable elements can contribute to genetics beyond Darwinian mutations. Bacterial viruses, the phages, can help to recycle nutrients in the oceans and our intestines and can destroy multi‐drug resistant bacteria as phage‐therapy. They may be a way out, if antibiotics fail. Antibiotic resistance my soon become critical. Phage therapy is a hundred years old, but has been neglected. Novel technologies may be able to reactivate this technology.
Atlas of Arctic Atmospheric River Climatology Based on ERA5 and MERRA-2
Authors: Zhang Chen , Tung Wen-Wen , Cleveland William S 
Published: March 2023

We present an atlas of Arctic atmospheric river (AR) climatology based
on twelve indices derived from ERA5 and MERRA-2 reanalyses for
1980–2019. The ARs were identified and tracked in the 3-hourly
reanalysis data with a multifactorial approach based on either
atmospheric column-integrated water vapor ($IWV$) or integrated water
vapor transport ($IVT$) exceeding one of the three climate thresholds
(75th, 85th, and 95th percentiles). Time series analysis of the AR event
counts from the AR indices showed overall upward trends from the
mid-1990s to 2019. The 75th $IVT$- and $IWV$-based indices, as well
as the 85th $IWV$-based indices, are likely more sensitive to Arctic
surface warming, therefore, detected some broadening of AR-affected
areas over time, while the rest of the indices did not.
Spatial exploratory analysis of these indices revealed that the AR
frequency of occurrence maxima shifted poleward from over-land in
1980–1999 to over the Arctic Ocean and its outlying Seas in 2000–2019.
Regions across the Atlantic, the Arctic, to the Pacific Oceans trended
higher AR occurrence, surface temperature, and column-integrated
moisture. Meanwhile, ARs were increasingly responsible for the rising
moisture transport into the Arctic. Even though the increase of Arctic
AR occurrence was primarily associated with long-term Arctic surface
warming and moistening, the effects of changing atmospheric circulation
could stand out locally, such as on the Pacific side over the Chukchi
Sea. The changing teleconnection patterns strongly modulated AR
activities in time and space, with prominent anomalies in the
Arctic-Pacific sector during the latest decade. Besides, the extreme
events identified by the 95th-percentile indices displayed the most
significant changes and were most influenced by the teleconnection
patterns. The twelve Arctic AR indices and the detailed graphics in the
atlas can help navigate the uncertainty of detecting and quantifying
Arctic ARs and their associated effects in current and future studies.
Abstract content goes here
Chemical reaction and magnetohydrodynamics effects on heat absorbing fluid past an inclined porous plate
Authors: Ramanjaneyulu Thammisetty , Hari Krishna Lingampalli 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe study of a heat‐absorbing, chemically bonding fluid over a porous channel in a conducting field with ramped wall temperature is considered. The Dufour effect presence is also considered with thermal radiation. The novelty is the consideration of radiation absorption and the angle of inclination. In this approach, the dimensional governing equations and boundary forms are transformed into a dimensionless form using standard nondimensional parameters and variables. The simplified governing equations and boundary forms are then calculated using the Laplace transform method. We get accurate answers in the speed, temperature, and concentration spaces. Calculations of surface friction, the Nusselt number, and the Sherwood number are also performed. Several physical parameters' influences on the quantified flows are analysed using graphics. A comparison is also made with the results available in the literature and found a good agreement in the absence of radiation absorption. When a chemical is added to a fluid to dilute it, the velocity area and concentration area both decrease, but the temperature area increases as a result of an increase in the Schmidt Number, the Nusselt Number, and the skin friction. Our research revealed that the Dufour effect and arbitrarily ramped temperatures had a similar effect on fluid velocity.
Functional analysis of problem behavior: A 40‐year review
Authors: Melanson Isaac J. , Fahmie Tara A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractExtensive reviews of functional analysis literature were conducted 10 (Beavers et al., 2013) and 20 (Hanley et al., 2003) years ago; we expanded this review to capture the vast and innovative functional analysis research that has occurred over the past decade. Our review produced 1,333 functional analysis outcomes from 326 studies on the functional analysis of problem behavior between June 2012 and May 2022. Some characteristics of functional analysis studies were similar across the current and previous two reviews (e.g., child participants, developmental disability diagnosis, use of line graphs depicting session means, differentiated response outcomes). Other characteristics deviated from the previous two reviews (e.g., increase in autistic representation, outpatient settings, use of supplementary assessments, the inclusion of tangible conditions, and multiple function outcomes; decrease in session durations). We update previously reported participant and methodological characteristics, summarize outcomes, comment on recent trends, and propose future directions in the functional analysis literature.
Baseline results from NenŨnkUmbi/EdaHiYedo: A randomized clinical trial to improve sexual and reproductive health among American Indian adolescents
Authors: Rink Elizabeth , Anastario Mike , Peterson Malory , FireMoon Paula , Johnson Olivia , GrowingThunder Ramey , Ricker Adriann , Cox Genevieve , Holder Shannon , Baldwin Julie A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe report on baseline findings from NenUnkUmbi/EdaHiYedo, a community based participatory research randomized controlled trial with American Indian adolescents to reduce sexual and reproductive health disparities. American Indian adolescents aged 13−19 years participated in a baseline survey that was administered in five schools. We used zero‐inflated negative binomial regression to evaluate how the count of protected sexual acts was associated with independent variables of interest. We stratified models by self‐reported gender of adolescents and tested for a two‐way interaction effect between gender and the independent variable of interest. Two hundred twenty‐three girls and 222 boys (n = 445) were sampled. The average number of lifetime partners was 1.0 (standard deviation = 1.7). Each additional lifetime partner was associated with a 50% increase in the number of protected sexual acts incident rate ratio (IRR = 1.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1−1.9) and more than a twofold increase in the likelihood of not having protected sexual acts (adjusted odd ratio [aOR] = 2.6, 95% CI 1.3−5.1). Each additional number of substances used in adolescentss' lifetime was associated with an increased likelihood of not having protected sexual acts (aOR = 1.2, 95% CI 1.0−1.5). In boys, each one standard deviation increase in depression severity was associated with a 50% reduction in the number of times a condom was used adjusted IRR (aIRR = 0.5, 95% CI 0.4−0.6, p < .001). Each 1‐unit increase in positive prospections of pregnancy was associated with a pronounced decrease likelihood of not having protected sexual acts (aOR = 0.01, 95% CI 0.0−0.1). Findings support the importance of tribally driven tailoring of sexual and reproducive health interventions and services for American Indian adolescents.
Sostdc1 Suppression in the Absence of Sclerostin Potentiates Anabolic Action of Cortical Bone in Mice
Authors: Choi Roy B. , Hoggatt April M. , Horan Daniel J. , Rogers Emily Z. , Loots Gabriela G. , Robling Alexander G. 
Published: March 2023

ABSTRACT
The development of Wnt-based osteoanabolic agents has progressed rapidly in recent years, given the potent effects of Wnt modulation on bone homeostasis. Simultaneous pharmacologic inhibition of the Wnt antagonists sclerostin and Dkk1 can be optimized to create potentiated effects in the cancellous bone compartment. We looked for other candidates that might be co-inhibited along with sclerostin to potentiate the effects in the cortical compartment. Sostdc1 (Wise), like sclerostin and Dkk1, also binds and inhibits Lrp5/6 coreceptors to impair canonical Wnt signaling, but Sostdc1 has greater effects in the cortical bone. To test this concept, we deleted Sostdc1 and Sost from mice and measured the skeletal effects in cortical and cancellous compartments individually. Sost deletion alone produced high bone mass in all compartments, whereas Sostdc1 deletion alone had no measurable effects on either envelope. Mice with codeletion of Sostdc1 and Sost had high bone mass and increased cortical properties (bone mass, formation rates, mechanical properties), but only among males. Combined administration of sclerostin antibody and Sostdc1 antibody in wild-type female mice produced potentiation of cortical bone gain despite no effect of Sostdc1 antibody alone. In conclusion, Sostdc1 inhibition/deletion can work in concert with sclerostin deficiency to improve cortical bone properties. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Light‐induced NO release from iron‐nitrosyl‐thiolato complex: The role of noncovalent thiol/thioether
Authors: Chen Huai‐Cheng , Lee Gene‐Hsiang , Chien Su‐Ying , Lee Chien‐Ming 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFour low‐spin {FeNO}6 complexes, [Fe(NO)(PS2)(PS2H)] (1, PS2H2 = bis(2‐dimercaptophenyl)phenylphosphine) with a pendant thiol, [Fe(NO)(PS2)(PS2CH3)] (2) bearing a pendant thioether, and [Fe(NO)(PS2)(RPS)] (RH, 4a; RTMS, 4b) without the noncovalent thiol/thioether group are spectroscopically and structurally characterized. In comparisons of the νNO, absorption energy in UV/vis spectra and structural parameters from single X‐ray diffraction studies, the four iron‐nitrosyl‐thiolato compounds share similarity in electronic structure. Complex 1 with a pendant thiol leads to NO and HNO production upon exposure to the light. Photolysis of 2 bearing a pendant thioether only affords NO. Effective detection of HNO or NO from 1 or 2 is achieved by the employment of [MnIII(TMSPS3)(DABCO)]. In contrast, 4a and 4b show inertness toward visible‐light stimulus. Photolysis and having pendant thiol/thioether group play key roles in NO production from these iron‐nitrosyl‐thiolato complexes, that is, the Fe‐NO bond is weakened by exposure to light and the noncovalent SH of 1 or SCH3 of 2 can serve as an incoming ligand to interact with Fe atom, resulting in a transient with intramolecular [RS⋅⋅⋅Fe⋅⋅⋅NO] interaction (RH and CH3) which could facilitate NO dissociation.
VHrare study: Prevalence, clinical features and management of severe rare bleeding disorders in a large cohort
Authors: Benítez Hidalgo Olga , Martinez Garcia Maria Fernanda , Corrrales Insa Irene , Fernández‐Caballero Mariana , Ramírez Orihuela Lorena , Cortina Giner Vicente , Comes Fernández Natàlia , Juarez Gimenez Juan Carlos 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIntroduction: Rare bleeding disorders (RBD) constitute 5% of total hereditary bleeding disorders, although the number could be higher, due to the presence of undiagnosed asymptomatic patients. The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence and characteristics of patients with severe RBDs in our area.Material and methods: We analyzed the patients with RBD followed at a tertiary‐level hospital between January 2014 and December 2021.Results: A total of 101 patients were analyzed, with a median age at diagnosis of 27.67 years (range 0–89), of which 52.47% were male. The most frequent RBD in our population was FVII deficiency. Regarding the diagnostic reason, the most frequent cause was a preoperative test and only 14.8% reported bleeding symptoms at the time of diagnosis. A genetic study was carried out in 63.36% of patients and the most frequent mutation type found was finding a missense mutation.Conclusions: The distribution of RBDs in our centre is similar to the one reported in the literature. The majority of RBDs were diagnosed from a preoperative test and this allowed preventive treatment prior to invasive procedures to avoid bleeding complications. 83% of patients did not have a pathological bleeding phenotype according to ISTH‐BAT
Interactions of soil nutrients and microbial communities during root decomposition of gramineous and leguminous forages
Authors: Ma Can , Wang Xiuru , Wang Jianjia , Zhu Xiaoyue , Qin Chao , Zeng Ye , Zhen Wenlong , Fang Yan , Shangguan Zhouping 
Published: March 2023

AbstractSoil microorganisms are involved in the litter decomposition process and are closely related to nutrient cycling in ecosystems, especially carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) cycling. For grassland ecosystems, most grassland biomass is invested in the root system. Therefore, to determine the influence of root decomposition on soil microorganisms in different grassland species, an in‐situ root decomposition experiment was conducted with two species (gramineous forage:Bothriochloa ischaemumand leguminous forage:Lespedeza davurica) over three decomposition times (90, 270 and 450 days). Total organic carbon (TOC) and total nitrogen (TN) in the roots of the two species decreased gradually. AndL. davuricahad higher soil organic carbon (SOC) and soil total nitrogen (STN) in the late stage. Proteobacteria, Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria were the dominant bacteria, and Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were the dominant fungi in the two species. STN is the most important factor driving changes in soil microbial communities. The alpha diversity index of bacteria in both species showed an increasing trend, while in fungi, it decreased rapidly at the early stage and increased slightly at the late stage. Compared with the bacteria inB. ischaemum,L. davuricaincreased some submetabolic system pathway genes related to carbon cycle metabolism. FUNGuild revealed that saprotrophic fungi on the 90thday were significantly lower than those on the 270thand 450thdays. Our results show that leguminous forages have better performance in improving SOC and STN, and microbial characteristics are also affected by species during root decomposition.
Financial toxicity among head and neck cancer patients and their caregivers: A cross‐sectional pilot study
Authors: Nguyen Oliver T. , Donato Umberto , McCormick Rachael , Reblin Maija , Kim Lindsay , Hume Emma , Otto Amy K. , Alishahi Tabriz Amir , Islam Jessica Y. , Hong Young‐Rock , Turner Kea , Patel Krupal B. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesHead and neck cancer (HNC) patients experience greater financial toxicity than other cancer patients. Research on financial toxicity has concentrated on patients despite many informal caregivers sharing finances and reducing work hours to provide patient care. Thus, our pilot study: (1) assessed the feasibility of financial toxicity screening of HNC patients and their caregivers, and (2) described financial toxicity levels of HNC patients and their caregivers.MethodsWe surveyed English‐speaking adult HNC patients initiating treatment at a National Cancer Institute‐designated Comprehensive Cancer Center and their informal caregivers. This survey assessed demographics and financial toxicity through the Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity (COST) measure (0–44 range; lower score indicates higher financial toxicity). Screening feasibility was defined as ≥50% consent rate and ≥60% data completion rate.ResultsOur sample included 27 HNC patients and 9 caregivers. They both had slightly lower consent and completion rates than our goals. Patients reported a median COST score of 27 while caregivers reported a median COST score of 16. Approximately 25.9% of patients and 44.4% of caregivers reported high financial toxicity (COST < 17.5). Caregivers reported high concerns about their future financial health and their ability to control the amount of their financial contributions to the patient's care.ConclusionsPatients and caregivers may require additional outreach approaches beyond emailed questionnaires to screen for their financial toxicity systematically. Future research is needed to replicate our results to determine whether differences in financial toxicity occur between patients and caregivers and identify areas of focus for interventions.Level of evidenceIV.
On the average degree of some irreducible characters of a finite group
Authors: Akhlaghi Zeinab 
Published: March 2023

AbstractLet G be a finite group and N be a non‐trivial normal subgroup of G, such that the average degree of irreducible characters in is less than or equal to 16/5. Then, we prove that N is solvable. Also, we prove the solvability of G, by assuming that the average degree of irreducible characters in is strictly less than 16/5. We show that the bounds are sharp.