bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between Electronic Health Record Implementations and Hospital-Acquired Conditions in Pediatric Hospitals
Authors: Rabbani Naveed , Pageler Natalie M. , Hoffman James M. , Longhurst Chris , Sharek Paul J. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Implementing an electronic health record (EHR) is one of the most disruptive operational tasks a health system can undergo. Despite anecdotal reports of adverse events around the time of EHR implementations, there is limited corroborating research, particularly in pediatrics. We utilized data from Solutions for Patient Safety (SPS), a network of 145+ children's hospitals that share data and protocols to reduce harm in pediatric care delivery, to study the impact of EHR implementations on patient safety.
Objective Determine if there is an association between the time immediately surrounding an EHR implementation and hospital-acquired conditions (HACs) rates in pediatrics.
Methods A survey of information technology leaders at pediatric institutions identified EHR implementations occurring between 2012 and 2022. This list was cross-referenced with the SPS database to create an anonymized dataset of 27 sites comprising monthly HAC and care bundle compliance rates in the 7 months preceding and succeeding the transition. Six HACs were analyzed: central-line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI), catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI), adverse drug events, surgical site infections (SSIs), pressure injuries (PIs), and falls, in addition to four associated care bundle compliance rates: CLABSI and CAUTI maintenance bundles, SSI bundle, and PI bundle. To determine if there was a statistically significant association with EHR implementation, the observation period was divided into three eras: “before” (months −7 to −3), “during” (months −2 to +2), and “after” go-live (months +3 to +7). Average monthly HAC and bundle compliance rates were calculated across eras. Paired t-tests were performed to compare rates between the eras.
Results No statistically significant increase in HAC rates or decrease in bundle compliance rates was observed across the EHR implementation eras.
Conclusion This multisite study detected no significant increase in HACs and no decrease in preventive care bundle compliance in the months surrounding an EHR implementation.
A Manufacturing Strategy Utilizing a Continuous-Mode Reactor toward Homogeneous PEGylated Bioconjugate Production
Authors: Nakahara Yuichi , Endo Yuta , Matsuda Yutaka , Nagaki Aiichiro , Takahashi Kazutoshi , Kawaguchi Tomoko , Kato Keisuke 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProtein PEGylation is a traditional bioconjugation technology that enhances the therapeutic efficacy and in vivo half-life of proteins by the formation of covalent bonds with highly activated ester group linked polyethylene glycol (PEG). However, the high reactivity of these reagents induces a random reaction with lysine residues on the protein surface, resulting in a heterogeneous mixture of PEGylated proteins. Moreover, the traditional batch-mode reaction has risks relating to scalability and aggregation. To overcome these risks of traditional batch-mode PEGylation, a manufacturing strategy utilizing structural analysis and a continuous-flow-mode reaction was examined. A solvent exposure analysis revealed the most reactive lysine of a protein, and the continuous-flow mode modified this lysine to achieve the mono-PEGylation of two different proteins within 2 seconds. This ultrarapid modification reaction can be applied to the gram-scale manufacturing of PEGylated bioconjugates without generating aggregates. A similar trend of the exposure level of protein lysine and mono-selectivity performed by continuous-flow PEGylation was observed, which indicated that this manufacturing strategy has the potential to be applied to the production of a wide variety of bioconjugates.
An Innovative Technique of Microsurgical Training on Fresh “Chicken Quarter” Model: Our Experience
Authors: Boro Sumanjit S. , Mathew Anil K. , Kumar Anchit 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Purpose Regular practice, quality clinical exposure, and academic discussion are essential in any surgical specialty training. This study discusses and validates the option of using a fresh “chicken quarter” model with a measurable scoring system, as a standard training regimen in microvascular surgery. This can be a very effective, economical, and easily accessible model for residents.
Materials and Methods This study was conducted in the Department of Plastic surgery, from October 2020 to May 2021. Twenty-four fresh “chicken quarter” specimens were dissected and the ischial arteries and femoral veins' external diameter (ED) were measured. The microsurgical skills of the trainee were assessed in 6 months intervals using the Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills Scale (OSATS) as well as the time taken for anastomosis. All the data were analyzed using SPSS (statistical package for social sciences) version 21.
Results A task-specific score value of 50% on October 2020 improved to 85.7% by May 2021. This was found to be statistically significant (p = 0.043). The mean ED of the ischial artery and femoral vein was 2.07 and 2.26 mm, respectively. The mean width of the vein measured at the lower one-third of the tibia was 2.08 mm. A greater than 50% reduction in anastomosis time was observed after a period of 6 months.
Conclusion In our minimal experience, the “chicken quarter model” with OSATS scoring system seems to be effective, economical, very affordable, and easily accessible microsurgery training model for the residents. Our study is done only as a pilot project due to limited resources and we have the plan to introduce it as a proper training method in the near future with more residents.
Initial growth of tungsten fuzz induced by bubble-driven surface stress layer under helium irradiation
Authors: Niu Chunjie , Cui Yunqiu , Dai Shuyu , Liu Weifeng , Chen Chao , Ni Weiyuan , Fan Hongyu , Liu Dongping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Low-energy, high-flux He exposure to tungsten (W) surface leads to the formation of surface nanostructures and severe morphological changes, which may eventually erode the W divertor and threaten the operation of the reactor. In this study, the response of polycrystalline W under low-energy He+ irradiation at different temperatures has been investigated in order to analyze the early stage of nanostructure formation. It is found that the interactions of high-density over-pressured He bubbles result in the formation of surface stress layers. The significant effect of temperature on the surface stress leads to differences in the incubation dose of W fuzz growth. The interaction between the planar network and the underlying W matrix is weak under surface stress, and the W fuzz grows on the surface once the stress reaches a threshold. Thereafter, tensile stress-driven cracking causes the 3D growth of W nanofibers.
Si–Sn codoped n-GaN film sputtering grown on an amorphous glass substrate
Authors: Liu Wei-Sheng , Chang Yu-Lin , Chen Tzu-Chun , Yu Shih-Chen , Kuo Hsing-Chun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
DC-pulse magnetron sputtering was utilized to deposit a 300 nm-thick n-type GaN thin film that was co-doped with Si–Sn onto an amorphous glass substrate with a ZnO buffer layer. The deposited thin films were then subjected to post-growth thermal annealing at temperatures of 300 °C, 400 °C, or 500 °C to enhance their crystal quality. Hall measurements revealed that the film annealed at 500 °C had the lowest thin-film resistance of 0.82 Ω cm and the highest carrier concentration of 3.84 × 1019 cm−3. The thin film surface was studied using atomic force microscopy; the film annealed at 500 °C had an average grain size and surface roughness of 25.3 and 2.37 nm, respectively. Furthermore, the x-ray diffraction measurements revealed a preferential (002) crystal orientation and hexagonal wurtzite crystal structure at 2θ ≈ 34.5°. The thin film had a full width at half maximum value of 0.387°, it was also found to be very narrow. Compositional analysis of the films was conducted with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and verified that both Si and Sn were doped into the GaN film utilizing covalent bonding with N atoms. Finally, the film annealed at 500 °C had a high optical transmittance of 82.9% at 400–800 nm, a high figure of merit factor of 490.3 × 10−3 Ω−1, and low contact resistance of 567 Ω; these excellent optoelectronic properties were attributed to the film’s high electron concentration and indicate that the material is feasible for application in transparent optoelectronic devices.
Magnetohydrodynamic squeezing micropolar nanofluid flow confined in parallel disks with implication of Maxwell-Cattaneo law
Authors: Shehzad S A , Reddy M G , Rauf A , Mushtaq T , Abbasi F M 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Time-dependent electrically conducting squeezing flow of micropolar nanofluid is analyzed between two parallel disks. The bottom porous disk is fixed while the upper disk moved orthogonally along axial direction. Nanofluid features such as thermophoresis and the Brownian motion are considered using the Buongiorno theory of nanoparticles. Cattaneo-Christov model (CCM) is executed in the expression of energy equation. Uniform suction/injection is considered at bottom disk. Inclined magnetic field is accounted at an acute angle along axial direction. The constitutive model is normalized by utilizing the similarity functions. The numerical solution of flow model is developed by MATLAB built-in bvp4c function. The physical parameters are explored through graphical depiction, two-dimensional contours, three-dimensional flow phenomenon and streamlines. Since, the micropolar parameters tend to move the fluid particles in opposite way. Therefore, micro-rotational field has an increasing tendency in the left half region and decreasing behavior in the right half plane of the central region. It is obtained that the temperature field is boost up against increased squeezing Reynolds number, parameter of thermal relaxation stress and Prandtl number. Brownian movement and thermophoretic factors have a reverse phenomenon on concentration curves.
Influences of noisy channels on quantum coherence and entanglement of W state in noninertial frame
Authors: Kim Kwang-Il , Pak Myong Chol , Kye Kwang Myong , Kim Hyon Chol , Kim Chol Jun 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Via using l
1-norm of quantum coherence and π–tangle, we investigate influences of amplitude-damping and depolarizing channels on quantum coherence and entanglement for W state of Dirac fields when two observers are in accelerating motion. We find that quantum entanglement vanishes for all values of acceleration if at least one qubit is under noisy channels. But quantum coherence does not vanish even at infinite acceleration if only one subsystem is under noisy channels. We also find that, unlike the depolarizing environment, the amplitude-damping environment can destroy symmetric properties of quantum entanglement with respect to two accelerated observers. These results will further enrich our understanding on the relation between quantum coherence and entanglement.
The performance of a dissipative electro-optomechanical system using the Caldirola–Kanai Hamiltonian approach
Authors: Atabaki M M , Tavassoly M K , Behjat A , Nadiki M Hassani , Javidan K 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
By combining all optical, electronic, and mechanical capabilities, electro-optomechanical systems, along with the use of mechanical displacement, the conversion of low-frequency electrical signals into much higher-frequency optical signals is possible. This process provides several capabilities that have very important applications in various fields, including classical, as well as quantum communications. In this regard, the inevitable effect of dissipation on the performance indicators of such systems is one of the important issues affecting its efficiency. One approach for investigating the effect of dissipation is based on a time-dependent Hamiltonian has been known as the Caldirola-Kanai (CK) Hamiltonian, wherein the exponentially increasing mass, i.e.

m

t

=

m

0

e

γ
t

enters the mechanical oscillator system. Utilizing this approach shows that, the performance of the system under the influence of dissipation with CK Hamiltonian formalism, in which the dissipation terms are embedded in the Hamiltonian, are more logical, analytical, and reliable than considering the effect of dissipation with the phenomenological method (including the dissipation effects in the equations of motion by hand), which has been recently used in Bagci et al. (Nature, 507, 81, 2014). In our method, it is also possible to monitor the performance of the system via the adjustment of dissipation components, i.e., resistance

R

and reactance

L

(and CK damping parameter

γ

) in the electrical (mechanical membrane) part of the system.
Field and reverse field solitons in wave-operator nonlinear Schrödinger equation with space-time reverse: Modulation instability
Authors: Abdel-Gawad H I 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The wave-operator nonlinear Schrödinger equation was introduced in the literature. Further, nonlocal space–time reverse complex field equations were also recently introduced. Studies in this area were focused on employing the inverse scattering method and Darboux transformation. Here, we present an approach to find the solutions of the wave-operator nonlinear Schrödinger equation with space and time reverse (W-O-NLSE-STR). It is based on implementing the unified method together with introducing a conventional formulation of the solutions. Indeed, a field and a reverse field may be generated. So, for deriving the solutions of W-O-NLSE-STR, it is evident to distinguish two cases (when the field and its reverse are interactive or not-interactive). In the non-interactive and interactive cases, exact and approximate solutions are obtained. In both cases, the solutions are evaluated numerically and they are displayed graphically. It is observed that the field exhibits solitons propagating essentially (or mainly) on the negative space variable, while those of the reverse field propagate on the other side (or vice versa). These results are completely novel, and we think that it is an essential behavior that characterizes a complex field system with STR. On the other hand, they may exhibit right and left cable patterns (or vice versa). It is found that the solutions of the field and its reverse exhibit self-phase modulation by solitary waves. In the interactive case, the pulses of the field and its reverse propagate in the whole space. The analysis of modulation stability shows that, when the field is stable, its reverse is unstable or both are stable. This holds whenever the polarization of the medium is self-defocusing.
Staged cooling of a fusion-grade plasma in a tokamak thermal quench
Authors: Li Jun , Zhang Yanzeng , Tang Xian-Zhu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn tokamak disruptions where the magnetic connection length becomes comparable to or even shorter than the plasma mean-free-path, parallel transport can dominate the energy loss and the thermal quench of the core plasma goes through four phases (stages) that have distinct temperature ranges and durations. The main temperature drop occurs while the core plasma remains nearly collisionless, with the parallel electron temperatureTe∥dropping in timetasTe∥∝t−2and a cooling time that scales with the ion sound wave transit time over the length of the open magnetic field line. These surprising physics scalings are the result of effective suppression of parallel electron thermal conduction in an otherwise bounded, quasineutral, and collisionless plasma, which is different from what are known to date on electron thermal conduction along the magnetic field in a nearly collisionless and quasineural plasma.
Calculation of environmental loads for a CubeSat using MATLAB
Authors: Hernández A , Ferrer J A , Gaviria D , Romo C , Chávez R G 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
From 2011 to 2022, around 1,663 CubeSats between 1.1 kg and 10 kg were launched worldwide. These satellites were used for sensing, technology development, communications, and scientific applications. To develop these satellites, it is necessary to determine the thermal loads for the calculation of the internal temperature distribution of the components, which allows us to design the thermal control system. In this work, the mathematical formulations are presented to be able to obtain the thermal loads. Simulations were carried out with STK which assisted in obtaining the thermal loads and another simulation was carried out with MATLAB where the results were later compared, the values to be studied being solar radiation, albedo, and planetary radiation. When comparing the results, an error of 9.32% was obtained, which is discussed in the conclusions. The importance of developing a tool that allows obtaining the thermal loads and that said tool be open source was discussed.
A cluster based on 8 bit, flash based architecture microcontrollers
Authors: Sánchez-Cabadas D L , Yáñez-Casas G A , Hernández-Gómez J J , Couder-Castañeda C 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Distributed systems are a suitable alternative to optimize the current embedded technologies, since this kind of systems increase processing power to execute tasks, which otherwise, would take plenty of time to finish with a single processing core, likewise, a larger amount of electronic sensing devices can be added to the system, improving its capacity to collect and analyze data whatsoever. In this work, we propose to use distributed systems theory, in 8 bit CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor) microcontrollers, more in particular, devices PIC16F887 from Microchip, which have a reduced and limited architecture. By doing this, a low-power embedded system focused on performing multiple operations and tasks is proposed, in which, time is a vital element, such as real time operating systems, using hard-wired embedded communication protocols to accomplish the correct distribution of data. Using cluster system of the microcontrollers, instead of a microprocessor-based distributed system or a single core embedded system, implies important advantages, such as considerable cost reduction, size flexibility to install this kind of systems in several applications, and a great possibility to modify the initial design and functionality to couple to all the needs of the user. Also, one of the objectives of this development, is to create an easily scalable distributed system, depending on the needs of the use given. The combination of the features mentioned, makes this system suitable for educational purposes, since its simplicity is ideal for students of topics regarding distributed systems.
Remote sensing application using Landsat 8 images for water quality assessments
Authors: Cruz-Montes E E , Durango-Banquett M M , Torres-Bejarano F M , Campo-Daza G A , Padilla-Mendoza C 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
This study aims to implement remote sensing to determine water quality parameters. Based on the water quality parameters measurements on February 5, 2021, and the LANDSAT 8 satellite images reflectance values, statistical models were generated by the RLM method: Stepwise Regression in Matlab software and digital models through QGIS and ArcGIS Pro GIS. The models obtained for pH, temperature, and turbidity were above 0.6 R2, while dissolved oxygen was above 0.8, showing a good correlation between in situ and estimated data. It is important to avoid cloudy conditions covering the study area because they limit the mathematical models’ application, altering or preventing the results from being generated. The implementation results of this type of technology are of great relevance for future projects, where water quality assessments can be made by using national and international regulations according to the use either for human consumption or for aquatic life protection.
A comparative analysis between Drude and Johnson & Christy for nanometric optical demultiplexer
Authors: Medina I , Villaseñor A 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The constant need to miniaturize technological devices has increased the development of novel optical devices in the nanoscale. A common kind of photonic devices are built using Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) interfaces to generate Surface Plasmons Polaritons (SPPs) and process light waves in the optical window. In this paper a 12 channel demultiplexer is proposed using 8 cavities coupled to both sides of the main waveguide. Then the nano demultiplexer is modelled in COMSOL Multiphysics using Drude model and Johnson and Christy parameters for the optical constants. Then we compare the transmission spectrum from 400 to 2200 nm for both models and discuss the differences advantages of each method.
Platform development and gliding optimization of a robotic flying fish with morphing pectoral fins
Authors: Chen Di , Wu Zhengxing , Dong Huijie , Meng Yan , Yu Junzhi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The aquatic-aerial robot with the free interface crossing can enhance adaptability in complex aquatic environments. However, its design is extremely challenging for the striking discrepancies in propulsion principles. The flying fish in nature exhibits remarkable multi-modal cross-domain locomotion capability, such as high-maneuvers swimming, agile water-air crossing, and long-distance gliding, providing extensive inspiration. In this paper, we present a unique aquatic-aerial robotic flying fish with powerful propulsion and a pair of morphing wing-like pectoral fins to realize cross-domain motion. Furthermore, to explore the gliding mechanism of flying fish, a dynamic model with a morphing structure of pectoral fins is established, and a double deep Q-network-based control strategy is proposed to optimize the gliding distance. Finally, experiments were conducted to analyze the locomotion of the robotic flying fish. The results suggest that the robotic flying fish can successfully perform the ‘fish leaping and wing spreading’ cross-domain locomotion with an exiting speed of 1.55 m s−1 (5.9 body lengths per second, BL/s) and a crossing time of 0.233 s indicating its great potential in cross-domain. Simulation results have validated the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy and indicated that the dynamical adjustment of morphing pectoral fins contributes to improving the gliding distance. The maximum gliding distance has increased by 7.2%. This study will offer some significant insights into the system design and performance optimization of aquatic-aerial robots.
Proactivity of fish and leadership of self-propelled robotic fish during interaction
Authors: Zhou Ziye , Liu Jincun , Pan Jie , Yu Junzhi 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Fish interacting with biomimetic robotic fish is beneficial for animal behavior research, particularly in the study of collective behavior. Compared with passive-dragging robotic fish, self-propelled robotic fish floats in water, and its movement matches the flow field formed by the caudal fin oscillation, leading to more realistic interaction with animals. In this paper, we propose a self-propelled koi-mimicking robotic fish entity, develop a system for robotic fish and koi fish interaction, and conduct extensive experiments on quantity variation and parameter variation. The results showed that fish exhibited significantly lower proactivity when alone, and the most proactive case is one robotic fish interacting with two real fish. The experiments on parameter variation indicated that fish may respond more proactivity to robotic fish that swim with high frequency and low amplitude, but may also move together with high-frequency and high-amplitude swimming robotic fish. These findings could provide insights into fish collective behavior, guide the design of further fish-robot interaction experiments, and suggest directions for future improvements in goal-oriented robotic fish platforms.