bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patient perspectives on community pharmacy administered and dispensing of methadone treatment for opioid use disorder: a qualitative study in the U.S.
Authors: Wu Li-Tzy , John William S. , Mannelli Paolo , Morse Eric D. , Anderson Alyssa , Schwartz Robert P. 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Pharmacy administration and dispensing of methadone treatment for opioid use disorder (PADMOUD) may address inadequate capability of opioid treatment programs (OTPs) in the US by expanding access to methadone at community pharmacies nationally. PADMOUD is vastly underutilized in the US. There is no published US study on OUD patients’ perspectives on PADMOUD. Data are timely and needed to inform the implementation of PADMOUD in the US to address its serious opioid overdose crisis.

Methods
Patient participants of the first completed US trial on PADMOUD through electronic prescribing for methadone (parent study) were interviewed to explore implementation-related factors for PADMOUD. All 20 participants of the parent study were invited to participate in this interview study. Each interview was recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify emergent themes.

Results
Seventeen participants completed the interview. Patients’ perspectives on PADMOUD were grouped into five areas. Participants reported feasibility of taking the tablet formulation of methadone at the pharmacy and identified benefits from PADMOUD (e.g., better access, efficiency, convenience) compared with usual care at the OTP. Participants perceived support for PADMOUD from their family/friends, OTP staff, and pharmacy staff. PADMOUD was perceived to be a great option for stable patients with take-home doses and those with transportation barriers. The distance (convenience), office hours, and the cost were considered factors most influencing their decision to receive methadone from a pharmacy. Nonjudgmental communication, pharmacists’ training on methadone treatment, selection of patients (stable status), workflow of PADMOUD, and protection of privacy were considered key factors for improving operations of PADMOUD.

Conclusion
This study presents the first findings on patient perspectives on PADMOUD. Participants considered pharmacies more accessible than OTPs, which could encourage more people to receive methadone treatment earlier and help transition stable patients from an OTP into a local pharmacy. The findings have timely implications for informing implementation strategies of PADMOUD that consider patients’ views and needs.
Relationship between emotional divorce and alexithymia among married women in Saudi Arabia
Authors: AL-shahrani Hend Faye , Hammad Mohammad Ahmed 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundEmotional divorce occurs when a couple continues to live together due to necessity and coercion but they do not have a positive or constructive relationship, which negatively affects the stability of married life. Due to the low social acceptance of a formal divorce in the Saudi society, emotional divorce is common in several families. The rigidity of feelings and emotions within the family and the inability to express them may indicate the presence of alexithymia, which could result in the collapse of the family system and place the people involved at risk of mental health problems such as depression. Therefore, it is important to determine the prevalence of emotional divorce among married women in Saudi Arabia and to examine the relationship between emotional divorce and alexithymia.MethodsData were collected from 305 married women in Saudi Arabia (Mage= 33.24 years; SDage= 4.87 years), using the Emotional Divorce Scale and the Alexithymia Scale.ResultsResults revealed that 78.36% of the participants experienced moderate to severe levels of emotional divorce. Working women, those who had been married for more than ten years, and those with five or more children exhibited a higher incidence of emotional divorce as compared to their counterparts. A linear regression analysis indicated that alexithymia was significantly associated with emotional divorce in this sample.ConclusionThese results suggest the need for examining the negative consequences of emotional divorce on the family and society. Additionally, it is important to educate young individuals of marriageable age about the nature of married life, and ways to deal with problems that occur. Finally, couples should be encouraged to express their positive and negative emotions with their spouse to build the marital relationship, and achieve compatibility and marital satisfaction.
Presymptomatic and early pathological features of MAPT-associated frontotemporal lobar degeneration
Authors: Giannini Lucia AA , Mol Merel O , Rajicic Ana , van Buuren Renee , Sarkar Lana , Arezoumandan Sanaz , Ohm Daniel T , Irwin David J , Rozemuller Annemieke JM ,   Netherlands Brain Bank, van Swieten John C , Seelaar Harro 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEarly pathological features of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) due to MAPT pathogenic variants (FTLD-MAPT) are understudied, since early-stage tissue is rarely available. Here, we report unique pathological data from three presymptomatic/early-stage MAPT variant carriers (FTLD Clinical Dementia Rating [FTLD-CDR] = 0–1). We examined neuronal degeneration semi-quantitatively and digitally quantified tau burden in 18 grey matter (9 cortical, 9 subcortical) and 13 white matter (9 cortical, 4 subcortical) regions. We compared presymptomatic/early-stage pathology to an intermediate/end-stage cohort (FTLD-CDR = 2–3) with the same variants (2 L315R, 10 P301L, 6 G272V), and developed a clinicopathological staging model for P301L and G272V variants. The 68-year-old presymptomatic L315R carrier (FTLD-CDR = 0) had limited tau burden morphologically similar to L315R end-stage carriers in middle frontal, antero-inferior temporal, amygdala, (para-)hippocampus and striatum, along with age-related Alzheimer’s disease neuropathological change. The 59-year-old prodromal P301L carrier (FTLD-CDR = 0.5) had highest tau burden in anterior cingulate, anterior temporal, middle/superior frontal, and fronto-insular cortex, and amygdala. The 45-year-old early-stage G272V carrier (FTLD-CDR = 1) had highest tau burden in superior frontal and anterior cingulate cortex, subiculum and CA1. The severity and distribution of tau burden showed some regional variability between variants at presymptomatic/early-stage, while neuronal degeneration, mild-to-moderate, was similarly distributed in frontotemporal regions. Early-stage tau burden and neuronal degeneration were both less severe than in intermediate-/end-stage cases. In a subset of regions (10 GM, 8 WM) used for clinicopathological staging, clinical severity correlated strongly with neuronal degeneration (rho = 0.72, p < 0.001), less strongly with GM tau burden (rho = 0.57, p = 0.006), and did not with WM tau burden (p = 0.9). Clinicopathological staging showed variant-specific patterns of early tau pathology and progression across stages. These unique data demonstrate that tau pathology and neuronal degeneration are present already at the presymptomatic/early-stage of FTLD-MAPT, though less severely compared to intermediate/end-stage disease. Moreover, early pathological patterns, especially of tau burden, differ partly between specific MAPT variants.
The effects of language and home factors on Lebanese students’ mathematics performance in TIMSS
Authors: Younes Rayya , Salloum Sara , Antoun Maya 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUnderstanding the long-standing educational inequities associated with socioeconomic status remains significant for transforming educational policies and practices. To better understand entanglements among socioeconomic status and students’ performance in mathematics, we examined different home factors (including language of the test) that influence Lebanese learners’ performance in TIMSS. Exploring TIMSS data can assist us in identifying areas and groups of students who require additional assistance in order to address inequities. The purpose of this study is to investigate how language and other home factors influence Lebanese students’ mathematics performance in TIMSS. Mathematics is taught in a foreign language (English or French) in Lebanon, according to Language of Learning and Teaching policy (LoLT) that dates to 1926. Using TIMSS data and hierarchical linear modeling (HLM), we looked at how students performed in mathematics based on the language of the test and how often they spoke it at home. Other home factors such as parents’ education level, number of books owned, and parents’ involvement were also examined. Results show that not speaking the language of the test at home and other SES-related factors had different but mostly significant contribution to students’ mathematics scores. Lebanese students’ overall low performance suggests the time is ripe for a reformed Lebanese curricula that responds to the needs of learners and of society, taking into consideration students’ cultural capital and language of instruction.
Molecular conformation and dilute solution properties of barley β-glucan: unveiling β-glucan as a highly flexible biopolymer under different processing conditions
Authors: Hematian Sourki Abdollah , Hesarinejad Mohammad Ali 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The functional properties of food fluids containing hydrocolloids are influenced by temperature, soluble salts, pH and the presence of sugars. In this research, the properties of a dilute barley β-glucan (BBG) solution were evaluated in the presence of various factors. Different models were explored to determine the intrinsic viscosity of BBG.

Results
The results indicated that the models of Higiro and Tanglertpaibul–Rao were more efficient in determining the intrinsic viscosity of BBG at different temperatures, different pH, the presence of sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and sucrose. Every 10 °C increase in temperature from 25 to 65 °C caused a decrease in intrinsic viscosity by 7.8, 10, 5.7 and 7.2%, respectively. In relation to the non-ionic structure of BBG, the presence of monovalent and bivalent salts had a negligible effect on reducing the intrinsic viscosity. The increase in pH from 3 to 7 caused a rise in intrinsic viscosity. But a further increase in pH, up to 9, caused a decrease in intrinsic viscosity. However, these changes were not significant and indicated that the non-ionic structure of BBG was independent of the pH. Since the constant b values of BBG were close to 1 at all temperatures, salt concentrations, different pH values and different sucrose concentrations, it can be assumed that the structure of BBG in the dilute range was close to the random coil conformation.

Conclusions
The values of flexibility index and activation energy for BBG were calculated as 789.52 and $${0.65\times 10}^{7}$$

0.65
×
10

7

J/kmole, respectively, which indicated that this hydrocolloid was highly flexible in different environmental conditions and it was independent of the processing temperature. Therefore, BBG can be recommended as a natural thickener in food-related fluids.

Graphical Abstract
Newly developed sarcopenia after liver transplantation, determined by a fully automated 3D muscle volume estimation on abdominal CT, can predict post-transplant diabetes mellitus and poor survival outcomes
Authors: Park Sae-Jin , Yoon Jeong Hee , Joo Ijin , Lee Jeong Min 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Loss of muscle mass is the most common complication of end-stage liver disease and negatively affects outcomes for liver transplantation (LT) recipients. We aimed to determine the prognostic value of a fully automated three-dimensional (3D) muscle volume estimation using deep learning algorithms on abdominal CT in patients who underwent liver transplantation (LT).

Methods
This retrospective study included 107 patients who underwent LT from 2014 to 2015. Serial CT scans, including pre-LT and 1- and 2-year follow-ups were performed. From the CT scans, deep learning-based automated body composition segmentation software was used to calculate muscle volumes in 3D. Sarcopenia was calculated by dividing average skeletal muscle area by height squared. Newly developed-(ND) sarcopenia was defined as the onset of sarcopenia 1 or 2 years after LT in patients without a history of sarcopenia before LT. Patients’ clinical characteristics, including post-transplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) and Model for end-stage liver disease score, were compared according to the presence or absence of sarcopenia after LT. A subgroup analysis was performed in the post-LT sarcopenic group. The Kaplan–Meier method was used for overall survival (OS).

Results
Patients with ND-sarcopenia had poorer OS than those who did not (P = 0.04, hazard ratio [HR], 3.34; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05 – 10.7). In the subgroup analysis for post-LT sarcopenia (n = 94), 34 patients (36.2%) had ND-sarcopenia. Patients with ND-sarcopenia had significantly worse OS (P = 0.002, HR 7.12; 95% CI 2.00 – 25.32) and higher PTDM occurrence rates (P = 0.02, HR 4.93; 95% CI 1.18 – 20.54) than those with sarcopenia prior to LT.

Conclusion
ND-sarcopenia determined by muscle volume on abdominal CT can predict poor survival outcomes and the occurrence of PTDM for LT recipients.
Ex vivo cultivated retinal pigment epithelial cell transplantation for the treatment of rabbit corneal endothelial dysfunction
Authors: Dong Chunxiao , Zou Dulei , Duan Haoyun , Hu Xiangyue , Zhou Qingjun , Shi Weiyun , Li Zongyi 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveStem cell therapy is a promising strategy for the treatment of corneal endothelial dysfunction, and the need to find functional alternative seed cells of corneal endothelial cells (CECs) is urgent. Here, we determined the feasibility of using the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) as an equivalent substitute for the treatment of corneal endothelial dysfunction.MethodsRPE cells and CECs in situ were obtained from healthy New Zealand male rabbits, and the similarities and differences between them were analyzed by electron microscopy, immunofluorescent staining, and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Rabbit primary RPE cells and CECs were isolated and cultivated ex vivo, and Na+/K+-ATPase activity and cellular permeability were detected at passage 2. The injection of cultivated rabbit primary RPE cells, CECs and human embryonic stem cell (hESC)-derived RPE cells was performed on rabbits with corneal endothelial dysfunction. Then, the therapeutic effects were evaluated by corneal transparency, central corneal thickness, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), qRT-PCR and immunofluorescent staining.ResultsThe rabbit RPE cells were similar in form to CECs in situ and ex vivo, showing a larger regular hexagonal shape and a lower cell density, with numerous tightly formed cell junctions and hemidesmosomes. Moreover, RPE cells presented a stronger barrier and ionic pumping capacity than CECs. When intracamerally injected into the rabbits, the transplanted primary RPE cells could dissolve corneal edema and decrease corneal thickness, with effects similar to those of CECs. In addition, the transplantation of hESC-derived RPE cells exhibited a similar therapeutic effect and restored corneal transparency and thickness within seven days. qRT-PCR results showed that the expressions of CEC markers, like CD200 and S100A4, increased, and the RPE markers OTX2, BEST1 and MITF significantly decreased in the transplanted RPE cells. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that rabbits transplanted with hESC-derived RPE cells maintained normal corneal thickness and exhibited slight pigmentation in the central cornea one month after surgery. Immunostaining results showed that the HuNu-positive transplanted cells survived and expressed ZO1, ATP1A1 and MITF.ConclusionRPE cells and CECs showed high structural and functional similarities in barrier and pump characteristics. Intracameral injection of primary RPE cells and hESC-derived RPE cells can effectively restore rabbit corneal clarity and thickness and maintain normal corneal function. This study is the first to report the effectiveness of RPE cells for corneal endothelial dysfunction, suggesting the feasibility of hESC-derived RPE cells as an equivalent substitute for CECs.
Changes of dental anxiety, aesthetic perception and oral health-related quality of life related to influencing factors of patients’ demographics after anterior implant treatment: a prospective study
Authors: Xie Xin , Zhang Zhengchuan , Zhou Jing , Deng Feilong 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Accumulating evidence has revealed the effects of anterior implant procedures on dental anxiety (DA), aesthetic perception and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). However, few reported the changes and influencing factors of the above outcomes before and after anterior implant treatment. This study was to evaluate the changes of DA, aesthetic perception and OHRQoL related to influencing factors of patients' demographics after anterior implant treatment.

Methods
Thirty-nine patients satisfying the inclusion criteria were prospectively recruited before surgery. The subjects completed the Modified Dental Anxiety Scale (MDAS), the Orofacial Esthetic Scale (OSE) and the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14), before implant surgery and after definitive prosthesis placement. Mann–Whitney U test and Kruskal–Wallis test by Bonferroni correction were applied for the data analysis and the influencing factors evaluation (p < 0.05).

Results
Overall, 39 patients (mean age of 44.9 ± 12.0) completed the three scales. After anterior implant treatment, MDAS was not significantly changed (p > 0.05). The overall OSE (p < 0.001) and OHIP-14 (p < 0.05) were significantly improved. Females showed more improvement of overall OHIP score than males after anterior implant treatment (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
Anterior implant procedures did not change the level of patient’s DA, while aesthetic perception and OHRQoL were enhanced. Only gender difference of overall OHIP change was found in our study. Thus, more related influencing factors with larger sample and long-term effective follow-up are needed.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05424458. Registered 13 June 2022—Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05424458.
A case of squamous cell carcinoma of the breast achieved a pathological complete response after dose-dense AC + dose-dense PTX
Authors: Araki Misato , Matsui Koshi , Takagi Kohji , Kanaya Emi , Sekine Shinichi , Nagasawa Shiho , Watanabe Toru , Miwa Takeshi , Hirano Katsuhisa , Igarashi Takamichi , Tanaka Haruyoshi , Shibuya Kazuto , Hashimoto Isaya , Hojo Shozo , Yoshioka Isaku , Okumura Tomoyuki , Hirabayashi Kenichi , Fujii Tsutomu 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the breast is a rare form of breast cancer, accounting for approximately 0.1% of all breast cancers. It is known for its rapid tumor growth and poor prognosis with no established treatment.

Case presentation
A 56-year-old woman was diagnosed with breast SCC with axillary, supraclavicular and internal thoracic lymph node metastases. She received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) with dose-dense doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide (AC) followed by dose-dense paclitaxel (PTX). This treatment resulted in a pathological complete response (pCR) after breast-conserving surgery. The patient was then treated with radiotherapy. She remained free of recurrence for three years postoperatively.

Conclusions
We report a rare case of breast SCC treated with preoperative dose-dense chemotherapy, resulting in pCR and allowing breast-conserving surgery.
A case of sigmoid colon perforation due to segmental absence of intestinal musculature (SAIM) accompanied by vascular Ehlers–Danlos syndrome: a case report
Authors: Funaki Kosuke , Akagi Tomonori , Shiroshita Hidefumi , Itai Yusuke , Watanabe Kiminori , Shuto Takashi , Ueda Yoshitake , Etoh Tsuyoshi , Miyamoto Shinji , Daa Tsutomu , Inomata Masafumi 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
Segmental absence of intestinal musculature (SAIM) is a partial defect of the intrinsic muscular layer of the intestinal tract. In this report, we describe a case of perforation of the sigmoid colon due to SAIM accompanied by vascular Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (vEDS), which was successfully treated by surgical therapy.

Case presentation
A male in his 30 s was being followed up for vEDS diagnosed by genetic testing. He had undergone two major vascular surgeries, abdominal aortic artery revascularization and thoracic endovascular aortic repair for a residual dissection and enlarging abdominal aortic aneurysm. On postoperative day 11, the patient developed perforation of the sigmoid colon for which intraperitoneal lavage and drainage, Hartmann surgery, and transverse colostomy were performed. Histological findings showed no disturbance of blood flow or diverticulum but did show a defect in the intrinsic muscular layer around the perforation site, leading to the pathological diagnosis of SAIM and associated perforation of the sigmoid colon. Postoperatively, the patient had no complications and was discharged on postoperative day 18. The patient is being followed as an outpatient and has experienced no relapse.

Conclusions
Both SAIM and vEDS, which may be related diseases, are associated with the presence of tissue fragility and have a high potential to cause intestinal perforation Caution should be exercised during surveillance in patients with constipation and examinations that cause increased intestinal pressure.
Raising concerns on questionable ethics approvals – a case study of 456 trials from the Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection
Authors: Frank Fabrice , Florens Nans , Meyerowitz-katz Gideon , Barriere Jérôme , Billy Éric , Saada Véronique , Samuel Alexander , Robert Jacques , Besançon Lonni 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Background
The practice of clinical research is strictly regulated by law. During submission and review processes, compliance of such research with the laws enforced in the country where it was conducted is not always correctly filled in by the authors or verified by the editors. Here, we report a case of a single institution for which one may find hundreds of publications with seemingly relevant ethical concerns, along with 10 months of follow-up through contacts with the editors of these articles. We thus argue for a stricter control of ethical authorization by scientific editors and we call on publishers to cooperate to this end.

Methods
We present an investigation of the ethics and legal aspects of 456 studies published by
the IHU-MI (Institut
Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection) in Marseille, France.

Results
We identified a wide range of issues with the stated research authorization and
ethics of the published studies with respect to the Institutional Review Board
and the approval presented. Among the studies investigated, 248 were conducted
with the same ethics approval number, even though the subjects, samples, and
countries of investigation were different. Thirty-nine (39) did not even
contain a reference to the ethics approval number while they present research
on human beings. We thus contacted the journals that published these articles
and provide their responses to our concerns. It should be noted that, since our
investigation and reporting to journals, PLOS has issued expressions of
concerns for several publications we analyze here.

Conclusion
This case presents an investigation of the veracity of ethical approval,
and more than 10 months of follow-up by independent researchers. We call for
stricter control and cooperation in handling of these cases, including
editorial requirement to upload ethical approval documents, guidelines from
COPE to address such ethical concerns, and transparent editorial policies and
timelines to answer such concerns. All supplementary materials are available.