bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
L’Empire français en question : la crédibilité du franc marocain dans les années 1950
Authors: Feiertag Olivier 
Published: March 2023

Dans la nuit du samedi 7 au dimanche 8 mai 1949, sept individus, armés de mitraillettes et de révolvers, pénètrent par effraction dans l’imprimerie Prieur et Dubois à Puteaux. Ils dérobent neuf caisses contenant 225 000 coupures de billets de 500 francs marocains en instance de livraison. Il s’agit d’une commande de la banque d’État du Maroc passée via la Banque de France. L’enquête de police permet de retracer l’itinéraire d’une grande partie des billets volés en quête de blanchiment et donc de tester la crédibilité de la monnaie marocaine à la fin du protectorat. L’analyse montre que la crédibilité des billets libellés en francs marocains est indéniable aux trois échelles de l’Empire français : au Maroc, en métropole et dans le reste du monde ; mais, cette crédibilité, paradoxalement, est effective au moment même où la décolonisation s’enclenche de manière irréversible.
Histoire des revues scientifiques : les sociétés savantes sont-elles encore le garant des savoirs ?
Authors: Maisonneuve Hervé 
Published: March 2023

De 1665 à 2023, les revues scientifiques ont eu quatre rôles : enregistrement, évaluation/certification, diffusion, et archivage du savoir. Initialement en Europe, les revues ont été gérées par les sociétés savantes. Avec le temps, d’autres acteurs sont arrivés : les rapporteurs ou évaluateurs, les comités de rédaction, les femmes, les éditeurs commerciaux, les universités, les agences d’évaluation, les nouvelles technologies, un modèle économique auteur-payeur remplaçant l’abonnement, et plus récemment des éditeurs mercantiles. Les revues de faible qualité attirent les chercheurs qui peuvent y publier vite et pour moins cher que dans les revues légitimes. Ceux qui nous gouvernent ont privilégié le système du « publish or perish » et envoyé un message aux chercheurs et rédacteurs de revues : publiez beaucoup et citez beaucoup d’articles. Les chercheurs honnêtes ont adopté des pratiques douteuses ; la science publiée n’est plus le reflet de la science faite dans les laboratoires. En 2023, les articles sont un document électronique avec des suppléments, des images animées, des podcasts, des capsules de courtes vidéos, des liens URL, l’accès aux données, et les exigences de la science ouverte. Les revues ont changé avec des modèles en développement : revues de jeux de données, prépublications, réseaux sociaux, Peer Community in, Registered Reports . Comment vont survivre les revues sans les sociétés savantes face aux menaces de la liberté académique et à l’arrivée de l’intelligence artificielle ?
Former plus de médecins pour demain ?
Authors: Touzé Emmanuel , Bocognano Agnès , Bourgueil Yann 
Published: March 2023

La question du nombre de médecins à former est en France, comme dans de nombreux pays, au premier plan dans le débat public à l’heure où la notion de numerus clausus a disparu et où de nombreuses voix alertent les inégalités territoriales responsables de « déserts médicaux ». La régulation purement quantitative de la démographie médicale par le numerus clausus , durant plus de quarante ans, a échoué à obtenir un niveau d’équilibre entre l’offre et les besoins. Le nombre idéal de médecins qui permet l’accès de tous, sur tout le territoire, à des soins de qualité dépend de la démographie de la population, de la démographie médicale, mais aussi de la démographie des autres professionnels de santé, et de nombreux facteurs épidémiologiques, techniques, économiques et organisationnels, qui sont par essence instables dans le temps et propres à chaque population et système de santé. Avec la suppression du numerus clausus et l’instauration d’une programmation pluriannuelle du besoin en médecins, la réforme issue de la loi de 2019 relative à l’organisation et à la transformation du système de santé replace le processus de régulation dans le temps long. L’approche par objectifs nationaux pluriannuels a ainsi marqué un pas dans la réflexion. Les travaux préparatoires à la conférence nationale tenue en mars 2021 ont conclu à la nécessité de continuer à augmenter le nombre de médecins en formation, ce qui a été acté par les ministres en charge de la Santé et de l’Enseignement supérieur qui ont arrêté des objectifs pluriannuels de formation en augmentation de près de 20 %. Mais pour répondre à l’ambition de rapprocher les besoins en professionnels de santé des besoins de soins, il faut aller encore plus loin dans la prise en compte des déterminants du besoin en ressources humaines. Tirant leçon du passé, cet article propose des voies nouvelles pour sortir de l’unique question du nombre de médecins à former, prendre en compte davantage l’organisation du système de santé et mieux approcher la réponse aux besoins territoriaux de soins.
The most ancient rock engravings in the central Sahara?
Authors: Striedter Karl Heinz , Tauveron Michel 
Published: March 2023

Dans les années 1960, F. Mori découvrit dans la Tadrart Acacus (Sud-Ouest libyen) un petit nombre de gravures rupestres qui ne pouvait être classé dans aucune famille connue de gravures, et qu’il qualifia d’« ichthyomorphes ». Au cours de recherches de terrain dans les années 1990 dans la Tadrart algérienne (prolongement de la Tadrart Acacus vers le sud), il a été retrouvé un nombre important de nouvelles gravures rupestres proches des « ichthyomorphes » de Mori et il semble désormais justifié de parler d’un faciès particulier de gravures rupestres du Sahara central. Ainsi que le montrent des superpositions, ces gravures précèdent les peintures de la période des « Têtes Rondes », et les observations géomorphologiques suggèrent de les dater vers la fin du Pléistocène.
L’art rupestre de style dit « arabo-éthiopien » et l’école de Chabbè-Galma
Authors: Le Quellec Jean-Loïc 
Published: March 2023

De nouvelles découvertes effectuées en Éthiopie, en Arabie et au Yémen nous conduisent à réviser la notion de style « arabo-éthiopien » constituée par Henri Breuil, Paolo Graziosi et Pavel Cervícek, puis à définir une nouvelle école de gravures rupestres, dite de « Chabbè-Galma », et propre à l’Éthiopie.
Strengthening Mental Health Literacy in Interprofessional Health Science Students Utilizing Mental Health First Aid and Simulation
Authors: Murphy Kerri L. , Klug Kimberly B. , Kasimatis Margaret D. 
Published: March 2023

Background:
The prevalence of mental health issues increased dramatically during the Covid-19 pandemic. Providing programs to build mental health literacy of healthcare students is a necessity. This study examines the efficacy of Mental Health First Aid (MHFA) for improving the mental health literacy of healthcare students and assessing the value of a post-training simulation experience to reinforce skills. Research supporting the use of MHFA in the lay population to recognize psychological distress and provide effective support readily exists; however, few studies focus on MHFA’s value for healthcare professionals.

Materials and Methods:
Participants included graduate students from physical therapy, physician assistant, and occupational therapy. This study was a one-way repeated measures design. Data from the students were collected using the Mental Health Literacy for Health Care Professional Students (MHLS-HC) before MHFA training, after training, and after a simulation experience. Pairwise t tests with a Tukey correction were calculated to determine significant interactions.

Results:
Change scores on the MHLS-HC show that all student disciplines educated in the MHFA had statistically significant increases in mental health literacy scores. After simulation, small additional increases in scores were noted for students participating in simulation synchronously, unlike scores for students participating asynchronously.

Conclusion:
This study supports the use of MHFA to improve mental health literacy and skills in healthcare students. Simulation enhanced the impact of the MHFA program when utilized in a synchronous format. Continued development of programs for healthcare students to manage the mental health needs of their future patients and colleagues fills an urgent need within the global community.
Gray Zones in the Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias
Authors: Oksuz Nevra , Özge Aynur 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Limited data are available about the importance of migrainous features of the trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs).

Methods:
We enrolled 99 patients with TACs including 71 cluster headaches, 11 with short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing, 10 with paroxysmal hemicrania, and seven with hemicrania continua. The presence of diagnostic migraine criteria such as throbbing headache, nausea and/or vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia, and aggravation by physical activity was questioned in these patients as well as autonomic features. Furthermore, supportive features of migraine including motion sickness, atopy and allergy, exacerbation during menstrual periods, irregular sleep, dizziness, and family history of any primary headache were noted.

Results:
The most common cranial autonomic symptom was lacrimation (87.9%) and the most common migrainous features were throbbing headache (51.5%), phonophobia (41.4%), nausea (39.4%), and photophobia (34.3%). Family history of any primary headache (25.3%) and atopy and allergy (13.1%) was the most common supportive features.

Conclusion:
We found higher percentages of migrainous features in patients with TACs; phonophobia, throbbing headache, and nausea frequently accompanied TACs. Aggravation by physical activity, which is one of the diagnostic migraine criteria, and motion sickness, which is one of the supportive features of migraine, were much lower in patients with TAC compared with migraineurs.
Can Vestibular-Evoked Myogenic Potentials Be Used in the Assessment of Reflex habituation? a Preliminary Report
Authors: Uyaroglu Feray Gulec , Sariteke Roza Ucar , Celebisoy Nese 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs) provide an electrophysiological evaluation of vestibular reflexes. The aim of the study was to search for the habituation of ocular and cervical VEMPs (cVEMPs).

Materials and Methods:
A total of 20 healthy volunteers (10 men and 10 women), with a mean age of 32.4 years (range: 25–45 years) were included in the study. cVEMP and ocular VEMP (oVEMP) tests were performed using “click stimuli.” In cVEMP and oVEMP tests, the latency and amplitude of the responses recorded with 100 and 250 stimulus sequences were compared.

Results:
When the traces recorded with 100 repetitions for both tests were compared with the traces obtained with 250 repetitions, it was observed that the latencies increased while the amplitudes decreased with increasing number of stimuli, which was statistically significant.

Conclusion:
Our results showed that an increase in the number of stimuli in oVEMP and cVEMP tests in healthy individuals led to a decrease in amplitude and an increase in latency. As noninvasive, short, and inexpensive evaluation methods, VEMP tests may be used in evaluating the “habituation response” and may find new areas of investigation.
Do Comorbidities and Triggers Expedite Chronicity in migraine?
Authors: Özçelik Emel Ur , Uludüz Ezgi , Karacı Rahşan , Domaç Füsun Mayda , İskender Mustafa , Özge Aynur , Uludüz Derya 
Published: March 2023

Background and Aim:
Several factors are suggested to be associated with an increased risk of transforming from episodic migraine (EM) to chronic migraine (CM). We aimed to examine whether some specific attack triggers and comorbidities were associated with CM.

Methods:
Patients followed up with a diagnosis of definite migraine for at least 1 year were divided into two groups, EM (<15 attacks per month) and CM (>15 attacks per month). The demographic and clinical data, attack-triggering factors, and comorbid diseases were compared between the groups.

Results:
A total of 403 (286 females) patients were analyzed; 227 (56.3%) of the migraineurs had EM and 176 (43.7%) had CM. The mean age was 40.9 ± 11.3 years in EM, and 42.2 ± 11.7 years in CM. Disease duration was longer in CM compared with EM (P = 0.007). Missing meals (P = 0.044), exposure to heavy scents/perfumes (P = 0.012), intense physical activity (P = 0.037), and withdrawal of caffeine (P = 0.012) were reported significantly higher in CM than in EM. Comorbid history of medication overuse (P < 0.001), hypertension (P = 0.048), hyperlipidemia (P = 0.025), depression (P = 0.021), chronic painful health problems (P = 0.003), iron deficiency anemia (P = 0.006), and history of surgery (P = 0.006) were found significantly high in CM.

Conclusion:
This study demonstrates that attack-triggering factors, vascular comorbidities, depression, medication overuse, and chronic painful health problems pose significant risks for CM. Vascular comorbidities are independent risk factors for chronification in migraine and might increase the patient's lifetime morbidity and mortality. Therefore, prompt diagnosis of migraine before the transformation to chronicity and effective early management have the utmost importance.
CO-INTEGRATION ANALYSIS OF REMITTANCES, EXPORTS, AND GDP IN BANGLADESH: IMPLICATIONS FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT REDUCTION
Authors: Afsana Jobayra , Sultana Mst. Naznin , Masroor Imtiaz 
Published: March 2023

<p>Remittances and exports are significant sources of foreign exchange earnings for developing nations. This study explores the relationship between remittances, exports, and economic development in Bangladesh. Using the Johansen co-integration approach, the study finds evidence of co-integration among the variables. The results also show that remittances have a significant positive effect on the gross domestic product (GDP) of Bangladesh, while exports do not have a direct impact on GDP. Furthermore, the Granger causality test reveals that there is no significant and positive relationship between remittances and exports. The study suggests that remittances play a vital role in the economic development of Bangladesh by creating employment opportunities, increasing the level of reserves amount, making payments on imports, balancing the balance of payments, and developing other socio-economic aspects. This is especially important in a country where unemployment is a significant issue, and every day the rate of unemployment is increasing. Therefore, policymakers should take into consideration the potential risks and benefits of migration and remittances and adopt appropriate policies to mitigate any negative impacts. Overall, this study contributes to the literature on the impact of remittances and exports on economic development and provides important policy implications for reducing unemployment in Bangladesh. </p><p> </p><p><strong>JEL</strong>: F02; F14; F24</p><p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0026/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
THE EFFECT OF MEDIA USE ON THE QUALITY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN MBOONI EAST SUB-COUNTY, KENYA
Authors: Musau Rosalia M. , Embeiywa Henry , Koech Peter Kibet 
Published: March 2023

The study sought to accentuate instructional media use and the quality of learning outcomes in English language in public secondary schools. Its purpose was to determine the effect of instructional media use on the quality of learning outcomes in English language in public secondary schools in Mbooni East Sub-County, Makueni County. The study employed a mixed approach with a descriptive survey design. Data was collected from Extra County, County and Sub-county public secondary schools using questionnaires, interview schedules and tests for the students where a 97.33% response rate was achieved. The dependent variable was learning outcomes in English language among students in public secondary schools in Mbooni East Sub-county, Kenya while the independent variable was instructional media use. The target population was teachers of English, heads of languages department and form their students in the Sub-county. Simple random sampling was used to select the students while purposive sampling was used to select the teachers of English and the Heads of Department languages. A sample of 12 teachers, 12 heads of the languages department and 313 students were involved. The instruments’ validity was determined through expert opinion from the school of Education of Machakos University. The reliability of the instruments was ascertained during piloting a sample that was not part of the study. Two approaches were used in analyzing the data, that is, descriptive and thematic approaches for quantitative and qualitative respectively. Quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive statistics and presented in frequencies, means and percentages with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Content analysis was used to analyze qualitative data which was thematically presented in prose. The study reveals that the quality of learning outcomes in English language in the sub-county is slightly below average, sub-county schools perform poorer and female students outshine their male counterparts. It was concluded that instructional media use enhances learning outcomes in English language. The study recommends that the Ministry of Education should equip public schools with instructional resources. In addition, the Quality Assurance and Standards officers and school principals should emphasize to teachers to use instructional media in teaching English language. Parents and other stakeholders in schools through the Board of Management should also come up with strategies on how to provide instructional media for use by teachers to enhance learners’ quality of learning outcomes.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0023/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
SITUATIONAL FACTORS: BASES FOR IMPROVING THE ATTITUDE AND MOTIVATION OF ESL LEARNERS’ SPEAKING SKILLS IN THE COLLEGE OF ARTS AND LETTERS
Authors: Pineda, Jr. Florentino G. , Dela Cerna Issachar A. 
Published: March 2023

This paper highlights the importance of enhancing the speaking skills among ESL freshmen in the College of Arts and Letters of Bulacan State University. The respondents in this study were Bachelor of Arts in Mass Communication Major in Broadcasting Sections A to D. Although this course requires oral communication proficiency for global competitiveness, only a few students participate actively in classroom discussions. Many of them lag behind in terms of speaking skills. The ability to speak English has become the norm in the country and around the world. Graduates who possess such a skill can have better opportunities locally or internationally compared with those who cannot speak fluently. Hence, the researchers looked into the role of attitude and motivation in enhancing speaking skills among the respondents in terms of the following: demographics, the attitude of students toward English, situational factors affecting the attitude of students toward English, the motivation of students in learning English, and students’ beliefs about learning English. The research instrument was administered to the respondents via Google Forms. The 32-item questionnaire was designed to determine the attitudes and motivation of ESL students toward learning English. Each of the respondents was scored from 1-5 on a Likert Scale. Through the use of the Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Fisher Z-test, and P-Value in testing the hypotheses, data were analyzed and interpreted. The Likert Scales show the participants had an incredibly positive attitude and behavior toward English in general. Among all motivation items, the top factors affecting students to learn more in English are the Student’s Practical Purpose, Correction of the Teacher during Class, Communication Focused Class Activities, and Positive Atmosphere during class. Based on the findings of the study, language teachers should take advantage of motivation to foster a positive attitude among the students when it comes to speaking skills through the use of authentic materials such as audio, video, printed, and softcopies. Factors such as activities, environment, and teachers’ attitudes should be the point of reference in determining which learning materials work best in enhancing the speaking skills of the students.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0023/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GROUP GUIDANCE IN IMPLEMENTING ROLE-PLAYING TECHNIQUE TO IMPROVE STUDENT SELF-EFFICACY
Authors: Eskawati Marini Nurul Hidayah 
Published: March 2023

This research aims to know the effectiveness of guidance playing techniques to increase student self-efficacy of high school students (SMA). The research design used was a quasi-experimental namely one-group pretest-posttest. The intervention given is group guidance with the role-playing technique with role-playing techniques which was implemented 4 times. The research subjects were 10 students of class XI SMA. The data collection technique used a Likert self-efficacy scale. The results of the analysis of the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test showed an Asymp Sig (2-tailed) value of 0.005 &lt;0.05 and from a mean of 42.6, it increased to 82.7, meaning that there is an increase in student self-efficacy. This proves that the use of group guidance with role-playing techniques is effective in increasing the self-efficacy of class XI SMA BINA UTAMA Pontianak.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0027/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>
EXAMINATION OF TEACHERS' ORGANIZATIONAL TRUST LEVELS ACCORDING TO VARIOUS VARIABLES
Authors: Akbay Hüseyin Cavit , Zeybek Burak 
Published: March 2023

Trust is the most basic need after nutrition in human life. The most basic need in business life, which is a part of human life, is trust. Employees should feel safe in their work life. Teachers who develop a sense of confidence can raise successful students. For this reason, it is important to determine teachers' organizational trust perceptions. In this study, first of all, teachers' organizational trust levels were examined. Then, the differentiation of teachers' organizational trust levels according to gender, graduation status, seniority and school-level variables was examined. The research was designed in the scanning model. The “Organizational Trust Scale” developed by Yılmaz (2006) was used to determine teachers' perceptions of organizational trust. The data were analyzed with descriptive analysis, t_test and ANOVA analysis. According to the findings, teachers trust their schools at a high level. Accordingly, teachers' gender, educational status and seniority do not affect their organizational trust perceptions. The school-level variable affects teachers' perceptions of organizational trust. This result shows that teachers working in primary schools have higher organizational trust perceptions. As a result, policies should be developed to improve the organizational trust perceptions of teachers working in secondary and high schools.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0098/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>