bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Association between serum uric acid/HDL-cholesterol ratio and chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study based on a health check-up population
Authors: Cheng Yang , Zhang Hao , Zheng Hui , Yin Hongli , Wang Ying , Wang Hui , Gu Liubao , Yin Donghua 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveEvidence suggests that both serum uric acid (SUA) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD). The SUA-to-HDL-C ratio (UHR) has recently attracted attention as a new biomarker to evaluate the role between inflammatory and anti-inflammatory substances. Thus, we explored the association between UHR and CKD in a large Chinese population.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingAnnual health check-up population in Nanjing.Participants19 458 individuals who underwent an annual health check-up in 2019 were included in our study.Main outcome measureCKD was diagnosed according to an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <60 mL/min/1.73 m2.ResultsCorrelation analysis showed that UHR was negatively associated with eGFR after adjusting for confounding factors (r=−0.34). In addition, participants in the highest quartile of UHR had a higher risk of CKD than those in the lowest quartiles (OR=9.28, p<0.001).ConclusionWe found that high UHR values were positively associated with CKD risk in health check-up population. An increased UHR may be a useful measure by which to assess CKD risk in the preclinical stage.
Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial evaluating the benefits from bimodal solution with cochlear implant and hearing aid versus bilateral hearing aids in patients with asymmetric speech identification scores
Authors: Jakobsen Yeliz , Christensen Andersen Lou-Ann , Schmidt Jesper Hvass 
Published: December 2022

IntroductionCochlear implant (CI) and hearing aid (HA) in a bimodal solution (CI+HA) is compared with bilateral HAs (HA+HA) to test if the bimodal solution results in better speech intelligibility and self-reported quality of life.Methods and analysisThis randomised controlled trial is conducted in Odense University Hospital, Denmark. Sixty adult bilateral HA users referred for CI surgery are enrolled if eligible and undergo: audiometry, speech perception in noise (HINT: Hearing in Noise Test), Speech Identification Scores and video head impulse test. All participants will receive new replacement HAs. After 1 month they will be randomly assigned (1:1) to the intervention group (CI+HA) or to the delayed intervention control group (HA+HA). The intervention group (CI+HA) will receive a CI on the ear with a poorer speech recognition score and continue using the HA on the other ear. The control group (HA+HA) will receive a CI after a total of 4 months of bilateral HA use.The primary outcome measures are speech intelligibility measured objectively with HINT (sentences in noise) and DANTALE I (words) and subjectively with the Speech, Spatial and Qualities of Hearing scale questionnaire. Secondary outcomes are patient reported Health-Related Quality of Life scores assessed with the Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire, the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory and Dizziness Handicap Inventory. Third outcome is listening effort assessed with pupil dilation during HINT.In conclusion, the purpose is to improve the clinical decision-making for CI candidacy and optimise bimodal solutions.Ethics and disseminationThis study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee Southern Denmark project ID S-20200074G. All participants are required to sign an informed consent form.This study will be published on completion in peer-reviewed publications and scientific conferences.Trial registration numberNCT04919928.
Haemodynamic and prognostic associations of liver fibrosis scores in Fontan-associated liver disease
Authors: Martin de Miguel Irene , Kamath Patrick S , Egbe Alexander C , Jain C Charles , Cetta Frank , Connolly Heidi M , Miranda William R 
Published: December 2022

ObjectivesFontan-associated liver disease (FALD) is universal post-Fontan palliation; however, its impact on survival remains controversial and current diagnostic tools have limitations. We aimed to assess the prognostic role of liver fibrosis scores (aminotransferase to platelet ratio [APRI] and fibrosis-4 [FIB-4]) and their association with haemodynamics and other markers of liver disease.Methods159 adults (age ≥18 years) post-Fontan undergoing catheterisation at Mayo Clinic, Minnesota, between 1999 and 2017 were included. Invasive haemodynamics and FALD-related laboratory, imaging and pathology data were documented.ResultsMean age was 31.5±9.3 years, while median age at Fontan procedure was 7.5 years (4–14). Median APRI score (n=159) was 0.49 (0.33–0.61) and median FIB-4 score (n=94) was 1.12 (0.71–1.65). Correlations between APRI and FIB-4 scores and Fontan pressures (r=0.30, p=0.0002; r=0.34, p=0.0008, respectively) and pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (r=0.25, p=0.002; r=0.30, p=0.005, respectively) were weak. Median average hepatic stiffness by magnetic resonance elastography was 4.9 kPa (4.3–6.0; n=26) and 24 (77.4%) showed stage 3 or 4 liver fibrosis on biopsy; these variables were not associated with APRI/FIB-4 scores. On multivariable analyses, APRI and FIB-4 scores were independently associated with overall mortality (HR 1.31 [1.07–1.55] per unit increase, p=0.003; HR 2.15 [1.31–3.54] per unit increase, p=0.003, respectively).ConclusionsAPRI and FIB-4 scores were associated with long-term all-cause mortality in Fontan patients independent of other prognostic markers. Correlations between haemodynamic status and liver scores were weak; furthermore, most markers of liver fibrosis failed to correlate with non-invasive indices, underscoring the complexity of FALD.
Prognosis of patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and low-normal left ventricular ejection fraction
Authors: Choi You-Jung , Kim Hyung-Kwan , Hwang In-Chang , Park Chan Soon , Rhee Tae-Min , Lee Hyun-Jung , Park Jun-Bean , Yoon Yeonyee Elizabeth , Lee Seung-Pyo , Cho Goo-Yeong , Kim Yong-Jin 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveTo investigate whether low-normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is associated with adverse outcomes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and evaluate the incremental value of predictive power of LVEF in the conventional HCM sudden cardiac death (SCD)-risk model.MethodsThis retrospective study included 1858 patients with HCM from two tertiary hospitals between 2008 and 2019. We classified LVEF into three categories: preserved (≥60%), low normal (50%–60%) and reduced (<50%); there were 1399, 415, and 44 patients with preserved, low-normal, and reduced LVEF, respectively. The primary outcome was a composite of SCD, ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation and appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator shocks. Secondary outcomes were hospitalisation for heart failure (HHF), cardiovascular death and all-cause death.ResultsDuring the median follow-up of 4.09 years, the primary outcomes occurred in 1.9%. HHF, cardiovascular death, and all-cause death occurred in 3.3%, 1.9%, and 5.3%, respectively. Reduced LVEF was an independent predictor of SCD/equivalent events (adjusted HR (aHR) 5.214, 95% CI 1.574 to 17.274, p=0.007), adding predictive value to the HCM risk-SCD model (net reclassification improvement 0.625). Compared with patients with HCM with preserved LVEF, those with low-normal and reduced LVEF had a higher risk of HHF (LVEF 50%–60%, aHR 2.457, 95% CI 1.423 to 4.241, p=0.001; LVEF <50%, aHR 7.937, 95% CI 3.315 to 19.002, p<0.001) and cardiovascular death (LVEF 50%–60%, aHR 2.641, 95% CI 1.314 to 5.309, p=0.006; LVEF <50%, aHR 5.405, 95% CI 1.530 to 19.092, p=0.009), whereas there was no significant association with all-cause death.ConclusionsLow-normal LVEF was an independent predictor of HHF and cardiovascular death in patients with HCM.
Consolidating the association of biallelicMAPKAPK5pathogenic variants with a distinct syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder
Authors: Maroofian Reza , Efthymiou Stephanie , Suri Mohnish , Rahman Fatima , Zaki Maha S , Maqbool Shazia , Anwa Najwa , Ruiz-Pérez Victor L , Yanovsky-Dagan Shira , Elpeleg Orly , Sudhakar Sniya , Mankad Kshitij , Harel Tamar , Houlden Henry 
Published: December 2022

BackgroundMAPK-activated protein kinase 5 (MAPKAPK5) is an essential enzyme for diverse cellular processes. Dysregulation of the pathways regulated by MAPKAPK enzymes can lead to the development of variable diseases. Recently, homozygous loss-of-function variants inMAPKAPK5were reported in four patients from three families presenting with a recognisable neurodevelopmental disorder, so-called ‘neurocardiofaciodigital’ syndrome.Objective and methodsIn order to improve characterisation of the clinical features associated with biallelicMAPKAPK5variants, we employed a genotype-first approach combined with reverse deep-phenotyping of three affected individuals.ResultsIn the present study, we identified biallelic loss-of-function and missenseMAPKAPK5variants in three unrelated individuals from consanguineous families. All affected individuals exhibited a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder characterised by severe global developmental delay, intellectual disability, characteristic facial morphology, brachycephaly, digital anomalies, hair and nail defects and neuroradiological findings, including cerebellar hypoplasia and hypomyelination, as well as variable vision and hearing impairment. Additional features include failure to thrive, hypotonia, microcephaly and genitourinary anomalies without any reported congenital heart disease.ConclusionIn this study, we consolidate the causality of loss of MAPKAPK5 function and further delineate the molecular and phenotypic spectrum associated with this new ultra-rare neurodevelopmental syndrome.
Coronary calcification measures predict mortality in symptomatic women and men
Authors: Siegersma Klaske R , Groepenhoff Floor , Eikendal Anouk L M , op den Brouw Willemijn J , Leiner Tim , Appelman Yolande , Tulevski Igor I , Somsen G Aernout , Onland-Moret N Charlotte , Hofstra Leonard , den Ruijter Hester M 
Published: December 2022

ObjectiveTo assess the prognostic value of absolute and sex-specific, age-specific and race/ethnicity-specific (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis, MESA) percentiles of coronary artery calcification in symptomatic women and men.MethodsThe study population consisted of 4985 symptomatic patients (2793 women, 56%) visiting a diagnostic outpatient cardiology clinic between 2009 and 2018 who were referred for cardiac CT to determine Coronary Artery Calcium Score (CACS). Regular care data were used and these data were linked to the databases of Statistics Netherlands for all-cause mortality data. Kaplan-Meier curves, multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression and concordance statistics were used to evaluate the prognostic value of CACS and MESA percentiles. Women were older compared with men (60 vs 59 years).ResultsMedian CACS was 0 (IQR: 0–54) in women and 42 (IQR: 0–54) in men. After a median follow-up of 4.4 years (IQR: 3.1–6.3), 116 (2.3%; 53 women and 63 men) patients died. MESA percentiles did not perform better compared with absolute CACS (C-statistic 0.65, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.73, vs 0.66, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.74, in women and 0.59, 95% CI 0.51 to 0.67, vs 0.62, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.69, in men, for the percentiles and absolute CACS, respectively).ConclusionsIn symptomatic individuals absolute CACS predicts mortality with a moderately good performance. MESA percentiles did not perform better compared with absolute CACS, thus there is no need to use them. Including degree of stenosis in the model might slightly improve mortality risk prediction in women, but not in men.
Propagation of light in the presence of gravity generated by static and spherically symmetric curved space-times using Maxwell equations
Authors: Falcón-Gómez Enderson , Amor-Martín Adrián , De La Rubia Valentín , Santamaría-Botello Gabriel , De Falco Vittorio , Muñoz Luis Enrique García 
Published: December 2022

AbstractIn this manuscript, we present an alternative method for calculating null geodesics in General Static Isotropic Metrics in General Relativity and Extended Theories of Gravity. By applying a conformal transformation, we are able to consider an analogue gravity model, where curvature is encoded in the dielectric and magnetic properties of a medium. In other words, we pass from curved to flat space-times, where instead of the Einstein field equations, the Maxwell equations are solved. Within this geometrical background, the photon geodesics are calculated. Then, given different black hole and wormhole metrics, we apply this method obtaining an excellent agreement with respect to the exact solutions in the original gravity framework by committing angular deviations below$$3^{\circ }$$3∘. Finally, we provide the image of a Schwarzschild black hole surrounded by a thin accretion disk, and the apparent image of a Morris and Thorne-like wormhole within an angular discrepancy below$$4^{\circ }$$4∘.
Hybrid classifier for sentiment analysis in Malayalam with modified TF-IDF features
Authors: Ambily Pramitha P , Abraham John T 
Published: December 2022

Sentiment Analysis (SA) is a computational study that examines people’s opinions, attitudes, and opinions based on their written text. Keralites’ mother tongue, Malayalam, is the most often used language to express themselves on Twitter. As there is no automatic Sentiment Analyzer in Malayalam, the SA of Twitter messages is necessary. In this research work, a Malayalam sentiment analysis model is introduced. The input raw data in the form of reviews are fed for the pre-processing stage. The pre-processing module includes sentence tokenization via Sandi Splitting and parts of speech (POS) tagging. Subsequently, Bag of Word, the Proposed weightage-based Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency, Unigram with the dictionary and Unigram with dictionary including negation words have been considered for feature vector formation. Finally, the review classification is undergone via the proposed hybrid classifier, which is constructed by hybridizing the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), respectively. To enhance the classification performance, the weight of the CNN classifier will be fine-tuned via an Improved Bumble bee mating Optimization (IBBMO), which is an advanced version of standard BBMO. The performance of the proposed work is compared over other conventional models in terms of positive, negative, convergence, and other measures. The accuracy of the proposed method is 95.436, which is much better than the existing works like DBN[Formula: see text]86.25, NN[Formula: see text]87.080, SVM[Formula: see text]87.234, WOA+Hybrid Classifier[Formula: see text]88.440, LA+Hybrid Classifier[Formula: see text]89.35285, CSO+Hybrid Classifier[Formula: see text]92.021, BBMO+Hybrid Classifier[Formula: see text]93.4248, and ML techniques[Formula: see text]94.014, at the 90th training percentage.
Transformações na vida cotidiana de famílias que adotam crianças maiores: o ponto de vista de pais e mães
Authors: Silva Ana Carolina Muller e , Almeida Marta Carvalho de 
Published: December 2022

No Brasil, grande parte de crianças e adolescentes que são adotados estiveram acolhidos por medida protetiva em Serviços de Acolhimento Institucional (SAI). No processo de adoção, após as fases de aproximação gradual, filhos e pais passam a conviver em caráter definitivo e iniciam o processo de construção de um novo cotidiano, no qual atividades e interações já conhecidas sofrem transformações. O objetivo do estudo foi conhecer o processo de desinstitucionalização por adoção sob o ponto de vista de pais e mães que adotaram crianças maiores de dois anos. Apoiou-se em referenciais que constituem a compreensão da vida cotidiana no âmbito da terapia ocupacional, sob uma perspectiva que a desnaturaliza, pondo à vista sua complexidade na constelação das interações humanas. Deu-se por meio de coleta e análise de entrevistas com pais e mães adotantes. Os resultados compuseram eixos temáticos reunindo perspectivas dos pais e indicando que: a) projeções sobre a futura vida cotidiana foram relevantes na definição do perfil dos filhos a serem adotados; b) experiências cotidianas dos filhos em SAI não lhes foram devidamente apresentadas previamente à fase de convivência definitiva; c) o processo de construção da parentalidade esteve essencialmente ligado à constituição de uma vida cotidiana comum, em família. É essencial oferecer atenção à centralidade da vida cotidiana em cenários nos quais se pretende construir vínculos e ambientes sociorelacionais estáveis e oportunos ao desenvolvimento de crianças e adolescentes.
Association Between Arterial Stiffness and New-Onset Heart Failure: The Kailuan Study
Authors: Zheng Hongwei , Wu Shouling , Liu Xiaokun , Qiu Guoyu , Chen Shuohua , Wu Yuntao , Li Junjuan , Yin Chunhui , Zhang Qi 
Published: December 2022

Background:
Arterial stiffness (AS) was associated with heart failure (HF) in previous studies based on specific populations with small samples and the effects of age and blood pressure on AS were not taken into account. Whether AS was independently associated with new-onset HF in community dwellers has not been fully investigated to date.

Methods:
Individuals who participated in health evaluations and underwent synchronized brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) screening in 2010 to 2019 were included. They were free of HF and atrial fibrillation at baseline. The participants were allocated to 3 groups according to their baPWV values. Normal AS was defined as baPWV <1400 cm/s, borderline AS was defined as 1400≤baPWV<1800 cm/s, and elevated AS was defined as baPWV ≥1800 cm/s. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to calculate hazard ratios with 95% CIs of new-onset HF across different AS groups.

Results:
A total of 40 064 participants were enrolled with a mean age of 48.81±12.67 years. During a mean 5.53 years of follow-up, 411 participants developed HF. Compared with the normal AS group, the hazard ratio (95% CI) for incident HF was 1.97 (1.36–2.86) for the borderline AS group and 2.24 (1.49–3.38) for the elevated AS group in the multivariable-adjusted model. For each 1 SD (359 cm/s) increase in baPWV, the hazard ratio (95% CI) for new-onset HF was 1.10 (1.02–1.20).

Conclusions:
AS was positively associated with a higher risk of new-onset HF independently of traditional risk factors, with a dose-responsive effect.
Vascular Cross‐Section, Rather Than Tortuosity, Can Classify First‐Pass Outcome of Mechanical Thrombectomy for Ischemic Stroke
Authors: Mousavi Janbeh Sarayi Seyyed Mostafa , Santo Briana A. , Waqas Muhammad , Monterio Andre , Veeturi Sricharan S. , Jenkins TaJania D. , Levy Elad I. , Siddiqui Adnan H. , Tutino Vincent M. 
Published: December 2022

Background
Vascular geometry plays an important role in stroke thrombectomy outcomes, but few studies have examined complex characteristics of vessel morphology. The authors hypothesized that engineered vessel cross‐section features could be used to predict thrombectomy first‐pass effect (FPE).

Methods
The authors analyzed computed tomography angiography and noncontrast computed tomagraphy from 50 patients with anterior circulation stroke thrombectomy. After segmentation, traditional metrics (vessel tortuosity and angulation) were calculated from vessel centerlines that were transformed into the same coordinate system and same region of interest. Univariate statistical analysis and geometric morphometrics were used to interrogate differences in geometry between cases that did and did not achieve FPE, which classical angulation and tortuosity did not quantify. To describe these differences, complex cross‐section features were engineered and quantified using a semiautomatic pipeline. Machine learning was used to train predictive models of FPE based on significant cross‐section features.

Results

Only one local tortuosity metric was significantly different (
q
=0.019) between FPE and first‐pass failure cases. The most significant principal component score (
q
=0.012) from geometric morphometrics highlighted the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery and upper cavernous internal carotid artery variation as morphological indicators of first‐pass outcome. Fifteen cross‐section features, corresponding to internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery regions, were significantly different between cases that did and did not achieve FPE. Predictive models exhibited a strong prediction of FPE (area under the curve=0.98±0.05) and outperformed models using traditional tortuosity and angulation features.

Conclusion
Cross‐section features are a novel class of powerful and interpretable predictors of FPE, which could assist in treatment decision‐making.
Legal Aspects of the EncroChat Operation: A Human Rights Perspective
Authors: Oerlemans J.J. , van Toor D.A.G. 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
In the EncroChat operation, French law enforcement authorities collected over 120 million messages from 60.000 EncroChat users. They cooperated with Dutch law enforcement authorities and Europol in a Joint Investigation Team. In the Netherlands, EncroChat data has already been used in over 200 criminal cases.
This article examines what lessons can be learned from the Dutch experience with the EncroChat operation from a human rights perspective, in particular the right to a fair trial.
Postprocessing of Ensemble Weather Forecast Using Decision Tree–Based Probabilistic Forecasting Methods
Authors: Benáček Patrik , Farda Aleš , Štěpánek Petr 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Producing an accurate and calibrated probabilistic forecast has high social and economic value. Systematic errors or biases in the ensemble weather forecast can be corrected by postprocessing models whose development is an urgent challenge. Traditionally, the bias correction is done by employing linear regression models that estimate the conditional probability distribution of the forecast. Although this model framework works well, it is restricted to a prespecified model form that often relies on a limited set of predictors only. Most machine learning (ML) methods can tackle these problems with a point prediction, but only a few of them can be applied effectively in a probabilistic manner. The tree-based ML techniques, namely, natural gradient boosting (NGB), quantile random forests (QRF), and distributional regression forests (DRF), are used to adjust hourly 2-m temperature ensemble prediction at lead times of 1–10 days. The ensemble model output statistics (EMOS) and its boosting version are used as benchmark models. The model forecast is based on the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) for the Czech Republic domain. Two training periods 2015–18 and 2018 only were used to learn the models, and their prediction skill was evaluated in 2019. The results show that the QRF and NGB methods provide the best performance for 1–2-day forecasts, while the EMOS method outperforms other methods for 8–10-day forecasts. Key components to improving short-term forecasting are additional atmospheric/surface state predictors and the 4-yr training sample size.

Significance Statement
Machine learning methods have great potential and are beginning to be widely applied in meteorology in recent years. A new technique called natural gradient boosting (NGB) has been released and used in this paper to refine the probabilistic forecast of surface temperature. It was found that the NGB has better prediction skills than the traditional ensemble model output statistics in forecasting 1 and 2 days in advance. The NGB has similar prediction skills with lower computational demands compared to other advanced machine learning methods such as the quantile random forests. We showed a path to employ the NGB method in this task, which can be followed for refining other and more challenging meteorological variables such as wind speed or precipitation.