bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deformable titanium for acetabular revision surgery: a proof of concept
Authors: Magré J. , Willemsen K. , Kolken H. M. A. , Zadpoor A. A. , Vogely H. C. , van der Wal B. C. H. , Weinans H. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCustom-made triflange acetabular implants are increasingly used in complex revision surgery where supporting bone stock is diminished. In most cases these triflange cups induce stress-shielding. A new concept for the triflange is introduced that uses deformable porous titanium to redirect forces from the acetabular rim to the bone stock behind the implant and thereby reduces further stress-shielding. This concept is tested for deformability and primary stability.Three different designs of highly porous titanium cylinders were tested under compression to determine their mechanical properties. The most promising design was used to design five acetabular implants either by incorporating a deformable layer at the back of the implant or by adding a separate generic deformable mesh behind the implant. All implants were inserted into sawbones with acetabular defects followed by a cyclic compression test of 1800N for 1000 cycles.The design with a cell size of 4 mm and 0.2 mm strut thickness performed the best and was applied for the design of the acetabular implants. An immediate primary fixation was realized in all three implants with an incorporated deformable layer. One of the two implants with a separate deformable mesh needed fixation with screws. Cyclic tests revealed an average additional implant subsidence of 0.25 mm that occurred in the first 1000 cycles with minimal further subsidence thereafter.It is possible to realize primary implant fixation and stability in simulated large acetabular revision surgery using a deformable titanium layer behind the cup. Additional research is needed for further implementation of such implants in the clinic.
Imaging findings in carcinomatous encephalitis secondary to malignant melanoma
Authors: Parillo Marco , Vertulli Daniele , Mallio Carlo Augusto , Quattrocchi Carlo Cosimo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The case of disseminated cancer cell spreading throughout the brain is called “miliary metastases” or “carcinomatous encephalitis”, a very rare and critical condition (primarily associated with lung and breast cancer) in which there are multiple plaque with a perivascular distribution, made of punctate lesions spread in all the brain. To our knowledge this represents the fourth case of melanotic miliary brain metastases described in the literature, also associated with melanin content of the lesions that is already evident on unenhanced T1-weighted images.

Case presentation
A 75-year-old patient with history of metastatic cutaneous melanoma (BRAF V600E mutate, PD-L1 negative) in treatment with dabrafenib and trametinib after 9 years from the diagnosis developed severe cognitive-motor slowing. Contrast-enhanced brain MRI showed miliary enhancing intra-axial brain lesions involving supra- and sub-tentorial regions and also the perivascular spaces, characterized by a bright appearance on unenhanced T1-weighted images without signal hypointensity in T2*-weighted images, as for melanotic pattern. Thus, the radiological diagnosis of “carcinomatous encephalitis” was made. Neurological examination showed an alert and cooperative subject with increased reaction time in verbal and motor responses. No ocular motility disturbances were found, and there were no motor or sensory deficits in the four limbs. The finger-to-nose test was normal, and no coordination deficit was found bilaterally. Blood tests and body temperature demonstrated no signs of ongoing infection. Electroencephalography showed slow and punctate abnormalities in bilateral fronto-temporal regions, with left prevalence. Corticosteroid therapy was started during hospitalization, improving the clinical picture. The patient was then discharged after 4 days in good clinical conditions with the indication to start second-line treatment with ipilimumab and nivolumab and to perform a whole-brain irradiation.

Conclusions
Brain MRI plays a crucial role for the non-invasive diagnosis of carcinomatous encephalitis and for the differential diagnosis with other pathologies. Awareness of the existence of this disorder even in patients with melanoma is necessary to avoid diagnostic delays. Miliary brain metastases should be suspected in all melanoma patients with new neurological findings and contrast-enhanced MRI should be performed to assess the real burden of the disease.
Study on mixing behaviour of aluminium-ceramic powder having high SiC volume fractions up to 50 vol.%
Authors: Speth Marco , Riedmueller Kim Rouven , Liewald Mathias 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAluminium matrix composites (AMC) do combine a high lightweight potential with a wide range of specific mechanical or thermal properties, depending on their material composition or the content of reinforcement particles, respectively. Currently, the three main production technologies for manufacturing such AMC are powder metallurgy, semi-solid processes and casting. Here, the AMC´s reinforcement proportion that can be processed depends on the chosen manufacturing strategy and is therefore often limited to a maximum value of 30 vol. %, due to agglomeration and porosity problems. In this context, the main objective is to understand the fundamental mixing behaviour of powder mixtures for AMC green body production having reinforcement contents of up to 50 vol.% SiCp. For this purpose, powder mixtures of monomodal AlSi7Mg0.6 and different SiCp fractions were prepared with different mixing times and speeds to investigate the influence of these mixing parameters on the homogeneity of the particle distribution. Afterwards, the influence of powder size on the mixing process was investigated. The results showed that a slower mixing speed resulted in faster homogenisation as well as a larger particle size can be faster mixed. Furthermore, a regression model was developed using mixing time, speed and particle loading, to determine sufficient mixing parameters.
Regional stratigraphically discordant dolomite mapping based on a dolomitization mechanism on the Arabian carbonate shelf
Authors: Zhang Sihai 
Published: June 2023

Dolomite mapping, as a first step of carbonate diagenetic modeling, is critical to understanding dolomitization mechanisms and predicting reservoir quality. Stratigraphically discordant dolomite bodies within the Upper Jurassic intervals have long been studied on the Arabian shelf. Our dolomitization mechanisms find that faults/fractures serve as migration conduits and determine dolomite distribution by controlling fluid flow. We establish an innovative approach based on the diagenetic mechanisms and comprehensive characterization of fracture systems at multiple scales to delineate dolomite in the study area. The complex fracture networks in the subsurface are categorized into macroscale, mesoscale, and microscale fractures. Macroscale fractures, i.e., faults, are much greater than the seismic wavelength and are easily observed in seismic sections due to their obvious seismic discontinuities. Mesoscale fractures are slightly greater than or equal to the seismic wavelength and are recognized using seismic attributes. Microscale fractures are significantly smaller than the seismic wavelength and are observed mainly on core samples and thin sections. The dolomite mapping workflow includes three steps: (1) calibrate the seismic response of multiscale fractures with borehole image logs and core interpretations, (2) implement multiscale fracture characterization using multiple seismic attributes, and (3) interpret dolomite bodies based on fracture characterization and log identification. The mapping results show that massive dolomite bodies are heterogeneously developed and distributed mainly in the northeastern part of the study area, with a southward decrease in dolomite content. The application demonstrates that multiscale fracture systems play critical roles in massive dolomitization, and multiscale fracture prediction provides an innovative solution to delineate complex dolomitization systems and the combination of reservoir and seal in diagenetic traps.
A phase Ⅰ/Ⅱa study of cetuximab combined with fruquintinib in the previously treated RAS/BRAF wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: Results of the CEFRU study.
Authors: Li Yong , Zhang Haibo , Huang Ling , Liu Yi-hong , Chen Xian , Qu Xin , Liu Li-rong , Hou Fangfang , Ye Yongsong 
Published: June 2023

e15558 Background: The standard third-line treatment for mCRC is regorafenib, fruquintinib or TAS-102. However, the efficacy was not satisfied. Since VEGF and EGFR share the downstream signaling pathway, targeting these two pathways may have synergistic efficacy. The phase Ib trial with regorafenib combined with cetuximab have shown preliminary benefit. Fruquintinib is a small molecule highly selective VEGFR1/2/3 molecule inhibitor. Here, we evaluate the safety and efficacy of fruquintinib plus cetuximab in previously treated RAS/BRAF wild-type mCRC. Methods: This is an open-label phase I/IIa study. The primary objective was to determine the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) in a 3+3 dose escalation strategy in phase I and safety, grade 3/4 adverse events in phase IIa. Secondary objectives include ORR, mPFS, and mOS. Eligible patients were diagnosed as advanced RAS/BRAF wild-type CRC and had received at least two prior regimens of standard therapies. Exclude patients who have previously used other small molecule anti-vascular inhibitors. The planned number of cases is 20(including phaseⅠandⅡa). ChiCTR2000038227. Results: Between Sep, 2020 to Sep, 2022, 21 pts were enrolled including 7 patients of phase Ⅰ. The RP2D is fruquintinib 4 mg QD (3 weeks on/1 week off) plus cetuximab 500mg/m2 every two weeks, received by 17 pts. Two patient dropped out，one because of refusing treatment and another due to severe allergic reaction. 15 pts were included in the efficacy analysis and 16 pts in the safety analysis. The left side mCRC accounted for 87.5%. 68.8% have received cetuximab and 75% have received bevacizumab. The overall TRAE was 75.0%, with 25.0% grade 3 or above. The most common treatment-related AEs were acneiform rash, hypoproteinemia and dry skin (Table1). One patient had dose reduction of fruquintinib due to acneiform rash. Evaluation in 15 treated patients showed 2 cases were PR, 10 were SD and 3 were PD. DCR was 80%. mPFS was 128 days(95%CI:49.7-206.3). mOS was 229 days(95%CI: 104.0-354.0). Conclusions: Cetuximab combined with fruquintinib showed promising anti-tumor activity in CRC with resistance to at least two prior regimens. The toxicity was tolerable and no unexpected toxicities were observed (Table 1). Clinical trial information: Clinical trial information: ChiCTR2000038227 . [Table: see text]
Pembrolizumab Plus Olaparib for Patients With Previously Treated and Biomarker-Unselected Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: The Randomized, Open-Label, Phase III KEYLYNK-010 Trial
Authors: Antonarakis Emmanuel S. , Park Se Hoon , Goh Jeffrey C. , Shin Sang Joon , Lee Jae Lyun , Mehra Niven , McDermott Ray , Sala-Gonzalez Núria , Fong Peter C. , Greil Richard , Retz Margitta , Sade Juan Pablo , Yanez Patricio , Huang Yi-Hsiu , Begbie Stephen D. , Gafanov Rustem Airatovich , De Santis Maria , Rosenbaum Eli , Kolinsky Michael P. , Rey Felipe , Chiu Kun-Yuan , Roubaud Guilhem , Kramer Gero , Sumitomo Makoto , Massari Francesco , Suzuki Hiroyoshi , Qiu Ping , Zhang Jinchun , Kim Jeri , Poehlein Christian H. , Yu Evan Y. 
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE There is an unmet need for therapeutic options that prolong survival for patients with heavily pretreated, metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). The phase III, open-label KEYLYNK-010 study evaluated pembrolizumab plus olaparib versus a next-generation hormonal agent (NHA) for biomarker-unselected, previously treated mCRPC. METHODS Eligible participants had mCRPC that progressed on or after abiraterone or enzalutamide (but not both) and docetaxel. Participants were randomly assigned (2:1) to pembrolizumab plus olaparib or NHA (abiraterone or enzalutamide). The dual primary end points were radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS) by blinded independent central review per Prostate Cancer Working Group–modified RECIST 1.1 and overall survival (OS). Time to first subsequent therapy (TFST) was a key secondary end point. Safety and objective response rate (ORR) were secondary end points. RESULTS Between May 30, 2019, and July 16, 2021, 529 participants were randomly assigned to pembrolizumab plus olaparib and 264 to NHA. At final rPFS analysis, median rPFS was 4.4 months (95% CI, 4.2 to 6.0) with pembrolizumab plus olaparib and 4.2 months (95% CI, 4.0 to 6.1) with NHA (hazard ratio [HR], 1.02 [95% CI, 0.82 to 1.25]; P = .55). At final OS analysis, median OS was 15.8 months (95% CI, 14.6 to 17.0) and 14.6 months (95% CI, 12.6 to 17.3), respectively (HR, 0.94 [95% CI, 0.77 to 1.14]; P = .26). At final TFST analysis, median TFST was 7.2 months (95% CI, 6.7 to 8.1) versus 5.7 months (95% CI, 5.0 to 7.1), respectively (HR, 0.86 [95% CI, 0.71 to 1.03]). ORR was higher with pembrolizumab plus olaparib versus NHA (16.8% v 5.9%). Grade ≥3 treatment-related adverse events occurred in 34.6% and 9.0% of participants, respectively. CONCLUSION Pembrolizumab plus olaparib did not significantly improve rPFS or OS versus NHA in participants with biomarker-unselected, heavily pretreated mCRPC. The study was stopped for futility. No new safety signals occurred.
Knowledge, Attitudes, and Resources of Frontline Oncology Support Personnel Regarding Financial Burden in Patients With Cancer
Authors: Reeder-Hayes Katherine E. , Biddell Caitlin B. , Manning Michelle L. , Rosenstein Donald L. , Samuel-Ryals Cleo A. , Spencer Jennifer C. , Smith Sophia , Deal Allison , Gellin Mindy , Wheeler Stephanie B. 
Published: June 2023

PURPOSE Financial navigation services support patients with cancer and address the direct and indirect financial burden of cancer diagnosis and treatment. These services are commonly delivered through a variety of frontline oncology support personnel (FOSP) including navigators, social workers, supportive care providers, and other clinic staff, but the perspective of FOSPs is largely absent from current literature on financial burden in oncology. We surveyed a national sample of FOSPs to understand their perspectives on patient financial burden, resource availability, and barriers and facilitators to assisting patients with cancer-related financial burden. METHODS We used Qualtrics online survey software and recruited participants using multiple professional society and interest group mailing lists. Categorical responses were described using frequencies, distributions of numeric survey responses were described using the median and IQR, and two open-ended survey questions were categorized thematically using a priori themes, allowing additional emergent themes. RESULTS Two hundred fourteen FOSPs completed this national survey. Respondents reported a high awareness of patient financial burden and felt comfortable speaking to patients about financial concerns. Patient assistance resources were commonly available, but only 15% described resources as sufficient for the observed needs. A substantial portion of respondents reported moral distress related to this lack of resources. CONCLUSION FOSPs, who already have requisite knowledge and comfort in discussing patient financial needs, are a critical resource for mitigating cancer-related financial burden. Interventions should leverage this resource but prioritize transparency and efficiency to reduce the administrative and emotional toll on the FOSP workforce and reduce the risk of burnout.
Dementia, Language, and Performative Force: The Case of Laughter
Authors: Barry Elizabeth 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
This article considers the form of dementia conversation as it features in literary memoirs, in sociological and drama research papers, and in theatrical works, exploring the intersubjective nature of such conversation, and in particular the way that laughter serves to structure it and connect those who engage in it. In losing our ability to remember, we also lose our ability to expect: to anticipate and organize future time. Those with dementia continue to be able to initiate, conduct, and organize conversations in time, however, and to regulate shared affect, via the “melody” of speech. We examine the ways in which certain forms of language and extralinguistic gestures remain in place when propositional speech is lost. These are forms of conversation that wield some illocutionary force, perform some action, in making ongoing relationships possible, functional, and even fulfilling. The discussion builds on the work of theater scholar Elinor Fuchs—her memoir about her mother's dementia, but also her writing about theater and the insights its formal modes have given her into dementia and ageing in general—to formulate an account of dementia language and the way it operates, as theater does, in the mode of Now.
Chapter One: Confucianism and Nature
Authors: Wang Ban 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Environmental writers have sought to retrieve ecological wisdom from traditional Chinese thought to critique anthropocentrism, but the rediscoveries remain a disembodied discourse and ignore the relationships among humans: the political, social, and economic structures and power relations rooted in repressive hierarchy and class and gender oppression. This chapter targets political, social, and productive relations as the crucial areas for diagnosing the ills of ecological degradation. Rather than a question of how humanity as a whole stands against nature, the chapter contends that the all-too-human power relations in economy, hierarchy, and oppression are the real culprits for environmental disasters. Humanity's domination of nature is necessarily linked to the domination of other humans and of inner human nature. This perspective illuminates Kang Youwei's ecological visions in his writings about the great world community. Kang regarded nature as the foundation for culture and civilization, valorized the public principles of common goods and equality over private property, and linked women to a vital, regenerative nature. Kang heralded the eco-socialist notions of public economy, fair distribution of wealth, and wise uses of natural resources.
Chapter Nine: Artificial Intelligence, Affective Labor, and Death in Life
Authors: Wang Ban 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Artificial intelligence and genetic engineering call into question the notion of the human in the humanist tradition, causing deep and subtle rifts in human-human and human-nature relations. Examining stories by Chinese sci-fi writer Hao Jingfang, this chapter argues that digital and genetic reconstruction of humanoids undermines the human self-image and blurs the boundaries between human and machine. The creation of AI humanoids cancels out as well as foregrounds the essential needs of human emotional reciprocity and the ritual of working through the trauma of sickness and death. Under capitalism, artificial intelligence creates a neoliberal performative subject, and the all-encompassing digital networks polarize society, manufacture consumer desire, and exert total control of the human mind and body. By denying death and humanly disturbing emotional qualities, artificial intelligence creates death in life.
Analysis of the distal urinary tract in larval and adult zebrafish reveals homology to the human system
Authors: Jubber Ibrahim , Morhardt Duncan R. , Griffin Jonathan , Cumberbatch Marcus G. , Glover Maggie , Zheng Yang , Rehman Ishtiaq , Loynes Catherine A. , Hussain Syed A. , Renshaw Stephen A. , Leach Steven D. , Cunliffe Vincent T. , Catto James W. F. 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT
Little is known about the distal excretory component of the urinary tract in Danio rerio (zebrafish). This component is affected by many human diseases and disorders of development. Here, we have undertaken multi-level analyses to determine the structure and composition of the distal urinary tract in the zebrafish. In silico searches identified uroplakin 1a (ukp1a), uroplakin 2 (upk2) and uroplakin 3b (upk3b) genes in the zebrafish genome (orthologues to genes that encode urothelium-specific proteins in humans). In situ hybridization demonstrated ukp1a expression in the zebrafish pronephros and cloaca from 96 h post-fertilization. Haematoxylin and Eosin staining of adult zebrafish demonstrated two mesonephric ducts uniting into a urinary bladder that leads to a distinct urethral opening. Immunohistochemistry identified Uroplakin 1a, Uroplakin 2 and GATA3 expression in zebrafish urinary bladder cell layers that match human urothelial expression. Fluorescent dye injections demonstrated zebrafish urinary bladder function, including urine storage and intermittent micturition, and a urethral orifice separate from the larger anal canal and rectum. Our findings reveal homology between the urinary tracts of zebrafish and humans, and offer the former as a model system to study disease.
Return to Sports Following Shoulder Injury: Clinical Evaluation, Isokinetic, and Functional Testing
Authors: Fontánez Richard , De Jesus Kevin , Frontera Walter R. , Micheo William 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe shoulder is commonly injured in overhead sports. This is associated with a high degree of mobility at the expense of stability, sports specific demands, high volume or intensity of practice and competition, biomechanical deficits, and poor technique. Following injury, the return to competition process includes nonsurgical or surgical treatment, comprehensive rehabilitation, and a structured return to sports program. The return to sports continuum is divided into phases which include return to practice of the sport, return to competition at a lower level or with reduced performance, and return to expected performance. Components of the return to sports decision include clinical evaluation of physical and psychological readiness, measurement of muscle strength using isokinetic tests, evaluation of overhead functional tasks, and progression in a supervised interval throwing program. The evidence for the effectiveness of return to sports programs following shoulder injury is limited but evolving and is an area that will merit continued investigation.
First dose COVID-19 vaccine coverage amongst adolescents and children in England: an analysis of 3.21 million patients' primary care records in situ using OpenSAFELY
Authors: Hopcroft Lisa E. , Curtis Helen J. , Brown Andrew D. , Hulme William J. , Andrews Colm D. , Morton Caroline E. , Inglesby Peter , Morley Jessica , Mehrkar Amir , Bacon Sebastian C. , Eggo Rosalind M. , Mahalingasivam Viyaasan , Parker Edward P. K. , Tomlinson Laurie A. , Bates Christopher , Cockburn Jonathan , Parry John , Hester Frank , Harper Sam , Goldacre Ben , Walker Alex J. , MacKenna Brian 
Published: June 2023

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination programme in England was extended to include all adolescents and children by April 2022. The aim of this paper is to describe trends and variation in vaccine coverage in different clinical and demographic groups amongst adolescents and children in England by August 2022. Methods: With the approval of NHS England, a cohort study was conducted of 3.21 million children and adolescents’ records in general practice in England, in situ and within the infrastructure of the electronic health record software vendor TPP using OpenSAFELY. Vaccine coverage across various demographic (sex, deprivation index and ethnicity) and clinical (risk status) populations is described. Results: Coverage is higher amongst adolescents than it is amongst children, with 53.5% adolescents and 10.8% children having received their first dose of the COVID-19 vaccine. Within those groups, coverage varies by ethnicity, deprivation index and risk status; there is no evidence of variation by sex. Conclusion: First dose COVID-19 vaccine coverage is shown to vary amongst various demographic and clinical groups of children and adolescents.