bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Methods of legalization (laundering) of property obtained by criminal means in cyberspace
Authors: Dumchikov M.O. 
Published: January 2023

The emergence and development of new financial and information technologies, the integration of national economic systems into the world economy, the expansion of economic ties both at the level of a separate state and at the supranational level significantly facilitate and even ensure the communication of criminals not only on the territory of a separate country, but also its limits. Technical innovations are undoubtedly changing the financial services industry, offering entirely new products aimed at making them easier to access, but new threats and vulnerabilities are emerging for the financial sector, such as cyber-attacks (internet fraud) or account manipulation.
The relevance of the research topic is determined by the significant amount of criminal investments penetrating the legal economy, the commission of new criminal offenses, the use of new ways of committing criminal offenses in cyberspace, the involvement of an increasing number of people in criminal activities, the corruption of state officials, including those called fight crime. Money laundering harms the economic security and financial stability of Ukraine. The international nature of this type of criminal offenses complicates the detection and investigation of crimes, thereby creating a "financial basis" for criminal groups (organizations) to carry out illegal, including terrorist, activities.
All efforts aimed at combating the legalization of proceeds of crime in cyberspace without creating an effective system to combat this phenomenon do not yield positive results. Therefore, combating the legalization of proceeds obtained through crime requires the study of the origin and ways of spreading this socially dangerous phenomenon, as well as proper legal protection, in accordance with international standards.
Review of court decisions: a theoretical and legal study of the practice of the European Court of Human Rights
Authors: Zaborovskyy V.V. , Manzyuk V.V. , Stoika А. 
Published: January 2023

The study is devoted to clarifying the main theoretical-legal and practical issues that arise when a person exercises the right to appeal a court decision.
Issues such as the institution of appeals against court decisions, which are relevant for procedural law, are considered, such as the observance of reasonable proportionality between the right of a person to access the courts of higher instances and the observance of legal certainty in the state.
As a result of the study, the legal nature of the institution of appeal against a court decision that has not entered into force, as well as one that has entered into force, is revealed. The latter is defined as an extraordinary form of judicial protection, its main features are analyzed.
To ensure the reliability and completeness of the obtained results, a complex of general scientific and special methods was applied, the complex use of which ensured the achievement of the goals and objectives of the research, as well as the persuasiveness of the formulated conclusions. In particular, the dialectical method was used to study the legal nature of the right to appeal court decisions and private disputes. Methods of analysis and synthesis were used in the formulation of basic concepts, such as "appeal", "cassation review", "procedural filters", etc. The empirical basis of the research was made up of the materials of the judicial practice of the European Court of Human Rights, in particular, both modern legal positions of the international jurisdictional body and key cases were used.
It was concluded that although access to the court of appeal is subject to indirect restrictions, access to the court of cassation is subject to so-called cassation filters. Such a definition is related both to the role of the cassation instance as a higher court and its definition as a "court of law", and to revised decisions that have entered into force and that shake the already defined legal position of the parties. Nevertheless, strict cassation filters cannot help against the influx of cassation appeals for those states whose citizens have a low level of trust in the courts of first instance.
International legal standards as a methodological basis for the creation and improvement of national law enforcement systems
Authors: Havrylenko V.V. 
Published: January 2023

Having declared a firm and irreversible course for European integration, Ukraine continues to increase the pace of bringing its national law enforcement system to modern world and European standards, which is, in turn, a positive and very important indicator of the state's development in a democratic direction. The main guidelines in this process, in addition to national, historical and legal traditions, should be international legal standards that allow building Ukrainian statehood and its legal system openly and transparently in interaction with foreign and international law, by borrowing and using modern progressive foreign legal concepts , doctrines, ideas, generally recognized international principles, norms, standards.
The implementation of international legal standards into the Ukrainian national law enforcement system began immediately after the declaration of Ukraine's independence and continued for thirty years, but it is now necessary to accelerate this process by means of a constant and scrupulous search in international legal sources, which become more and more every year more and more, new democratic directions of the functioning of judicial and law enforcement bodies, the latest forms and means of guaranteeing and protecting human rights, freedoms and legitimate interests.
In addition to the analysis of the sources of international law, it is necessary to follow the scientific work of well-known foreign and domestic specialists, who in their works can offer modern and effective methods and techniques of borrowing international legal standards in the activities of national law enforcement agencies. This is also a significant way and method of solving the main issue of bringing the Ukrainian law enforcement system up to modern world and European standards. However, there cannot be an ill-conceived and simple mechanical transfer of an international standard or foreign experience of their implementation into national law enforcement systems, since our state is an original country with its own history, culture, mentality, its own way of developing law and legal system, which combine general civilizational and specific , trends peculiar only to Ukraine.
In this regard, there is an urgent need to analyze the existing domestic and foreign developments regarding the borrowing of international legal standards as a methodological basis for the creation and improvement of the national law enforcement system, the development of acceptable for Ukraine procedures and mechanisms for the implementation of positive elements of the organization and activity of law enforcement agencies, which determines the need to conduct relevant scientific research.
International protection of older persons during armed conflicts
Authors: Predybailo A.I. 
Published: January 2023

In the article is was analyzed the provisions of international humanitarian law (Convention (IV) relative to the protection of civilian persons in time of war (1949), Commentary on the Convention (1958) etc.) regarding the protection of the older people It is noted that international humanitarian law provides protection to the older people as members of the civilian population, because it is not based on categories of persons and protects all persons who do not take part in hostilities. It is indicated that the provisions of the Convention (IV) relative to the protection of civilian persons in time of war (1949) contain norms that directly affect the older people, in particular, regarding the creation of sanitary and safe zones and areas that make it possible to protect the older people from the consequences of the war; conclusion of local agreements on evacuation from besieged or surrounded areas, including the older people. Emphasis is placed on the question of determining the specific age of the older people, and it is noted that in the commentary to the Fourth Convention, the Conference refrained from defining a specific age, preferring to leave this issue to the discretion of governments. Attention is paid to the issue of violations of the rights of the older people during armed conflicts (pushing elderly people who could not run back into burning houses; cruel treatment during departure or in camps for displaced persons; problems with registration and receiving humanitarian aid; execution of older people etc.). It is noted that older people who have become victims of armed conflicts in many parts of the world face serious problems and obstacles. Factors affecting the vulnerability of older people during armed conflicts are outlined (being in war zones due to the inability to evacuate or protect family property; limited mobility; isolation; loss of contact with family etc.). Attention is focused on the problems in this area. Appropriate conclusions are drawn.
BORDER LOCATION OF BURUNDIAN REFUGEE CAMPS IN EASTERN DRC: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS
Authors: MSAMBYA Joseph Apolo 
Published: January 2023

Since the beginning in March 2015 of the political crisis that shook Burundi, with the focus on the re-election of President Pierre Nkurunziza to a third term deemed unconstitutional by the opposition, the UNHCR had estimated that 14,300 Burundians had entered Congolese territory as political refugees. They arrived in the region fleeing the killings and abuses allegedly committed by the Imbonerakure militia, presumed to belong to the party in power in Burundi. As a result, a refugee camp was established in Lusenda to accommodate Burundian refugees, and a second one in Mulongwe after the first one was saturated and exceeded the expected number of refugees, reaching over 40,000. These two Burundian refugee camps are located in villages with the same names, less than fifteen kilometers from Lake Tanganyika, the baseline of the DRC's eastern border with the Republic of Burundi. According to our analysis, these sites do not offer the best conditions for refugee camps for reasons that we will outline in the following lines. Our analysis in this article is to alert to the great danger that threatens the DRC because of its hospitality by repeating for the second time the mistake of placing refugee camps on its borders.
ENGAGEMENT IN THE PKK AND “IDENTITY WORK” OF THREE GENERATIONS OF COMBATANTS
Authors: GUIBET LAFAYE Caroline 
Published: January 2023

People typically have multiple identities that vary in salience and pervasiveness. This identity results from a process of socialization and structures the individual behaviour. Identification with a group is the result of an alignment of personal and collective identities. In order to study this process of alignment, from a micro-sociological perspective, we conducted an empirical sociology survey among 63 activists of the Partiya Karkerên Kurdistan (PKK). In the light of the model developed by Snow and McAdam (2000) on identity work, we highlighted the prevalence, in terms of identity convergence, of identity research over identity appropriation, including in a holistic and so-called terrorist organization such as the PKK. We also emphasized the primacy of identity amplification in the processes of identity construction of these Kurdish combatants.
TROUBLED PASTS, RETROTOPIAS, AND WAR MOBILIZATIONS IN CONTEMPORARY EUROPE
Authors: IORGA Alina 
Published: January 2023

After the horrific experiences of ex-Yugoslavia, the tragedy of Ukraine reveals the terrible consequences of the memory conflicts radicalization. Anticipated by a constant mnemonic war led by the Russia particularly against its Eastern neighbors, it proves what happens when memory wars turn into real wars. Since the end of Cold War, in the context of the re-nationalization of ideologies, the remythologization of national histories, and the reshaping of memory politics, the European memory games, as part of the struggle for recognition, have often became memory wars. This article provides some relevant insights about the political instrumentation of the restorative nostalgia/retrotopia in the (post-)Cold War illiberal memory games/wars, against the background of the growing crises connected to the rise of neo-nationalism.
Differences in career paths of alumni of the Cornell Leadership Program from North American universities compared with those alumni from universities in other countries
Authors: Fraser David R. , Parker John S. L. , McGregor Douglas D. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To characterize and compare the careers of alumni of the Cornell Leadership Program for Veterinary Students according to the countries where they studied and obtained their veterinary qualification. The Cornell Leadership Program is a 10-week residential research experience program for veterinary students from around the world who have ambitions for research-related careers.

SAMPLE
Data on the career development of all 672 alumni were collected each year over the period of 1990 to 2019.

PROCEDURES
The annual career profile of each alumnus was recorded and coded in 1 of 28 different categories. The careers and postveterinary qualifications of alumni from universities in the US and Canada (referred to as North American universities) were compared with those alumni who graduated from universities in other countries.

RESULTS
Analysis of this 30-year database revealed that a considerable proportion (45.7% [307/672]) of the total 672 alumni are following the traditional career path of veterinary clinical practice rather than the research-related careers they aspired to as students during the Leadership Program. Furthermore, a higher proportion of the 325 North American alumni (56% [182/325]) were in clinical practice compared with 33.6% (112/333) of the 333 alumni from other countries.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Many veterinary schools now provide research experience programs to encourage highly talented students who have ambitions for careers in which they can advance knowledge about animal disease and contribute to solving the health problems of animals through hypothesis-based research. Comparison of the careers of the Leadership Program alumni indicates that research experience alone is not sufficient to maintain the career goals of alumni. Follow-up mentoring of alumni of such programs is recommended while they complete their veterinary studies to reinforce their career aspirations and provide advice on how to achieve research-related careers.
Study on structural parameter design and life analysis of large four-point contact ball bearing channel
Authors: Liang Zhu , Zhanqi Tang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Because of its large structure and strong bearing capacity, large rolling bearings are mainly used on low-speed and heavy-duty occasions. At present, the analysis and Research on large rolling bearings include load distribution, bearing capacity, bearing service life and bearing structure optimisation. Taking the large four-point contact bearing as an example, this performance studies the method of channel structure parameter design and life analysis. First, the structure and simplified model of four-point contact ball bearings are designed, and then the life analysis and calculation model is defined through analysis. Through the analysis of bearing finite element calculation results, the parameter optimisation of bearing channel spacing and channel curvature radius coefficient is studied, and the parameter design is carried out. Finally, the fatigue life analysis shows that the calculation result of the stress life model is 1.699 times that of strain life. The research results have guiding significance for the design of large four-point contact ball bearing and its supporting structure.
Research on an intelligent game simulation system based on road network
Authors: Wang Xin , Liu Laikai , Zhou Zhenghao , Qi Xiangwei 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
In recent years, with the continuous improvement of science and technology and the growing demand for public security, the site selection of security resources is gradually becoming one of the hot research topics in the field of public security governance. In this regard, this paper introduces the Game Idea and unfolds the analysis from the perspective of security resource point site selection and security resource path planning, hoping to improve the emergency efficiency. From scratch, the event diffusion influence factor is introduced to construct the security resource site selection strategy model to realise the site selection decision on regional road network security resource points. Further on, the security resource scheduling path planning platform with u-Dijkstra algorithm as the core under the site selection strategy is designed to realise the path planning for security resource scheduling, providing more efficient decision suggestions that are more applicable to colleges and universities. Finally, combing the traffic network of a campus, we conduct a simulation analysis while designing a small-range security resource path planning. Subsequently, the optimal decision and the optimal route of the safety resource planning are worked out, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the mathematical model in a simulative manner.
Focal liver lesions other than hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: Diagnostic challenges
Authors: Möller Kathleen , Safai Zadeh Ehsan , Görg Christian , Dong Yi , Cui Xinwu , Lim Adrian , Molo Chiara de , Serra Carla , Martín Algíbez Ana , Berzigotti Analisa , Piscaglia Fabio , Faiss Siegbert , Dietrich Christoph F. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Liver cirrhosis is associated with regenerative nodules and an increased risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, other benign and malignant liver lesions may also occur. Differentiating the other lesions from HCC is important for further therapeutic decisions. This review discusses the characteristics of non-HCC liver lesions in cirrhosis and their consequent appearance on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) with consideration of other imaging. Knowledge of this data would be helpful in avoiding misdiagnoses.
Nowa dziedzina „Nauki o rodzinie” – dyscyplinarne szanse rozwoju nauki i praktyki wspierania rodzin
Authors: Żukiewicz Arkadiusz 
Published: January 2023

Celem artykułu jest zaprezentowanie podstawowych zagadnień dotyczących zmian prawnych w nauce polskiej. Metoda desk research była podstawową metodą wykorzystaną podczas podjętego badania. Na podstawie analizy dokumentów i źródeł powstało opracowanie obrazujące nową polską dziedzinę nauki – nauki o rodzinie. Artykuł inicjuje dyskurs na temat nauk o rodzinie. Obejmuje sferę zagadnień prawnych, administracyjnych, organizacyjnych i instytucjonalnych. Dotyka również sfery edukacji w zakresie nauk o rodzinie oraz związków tego obszaru szkolnictwa wyższego z praktyką służby oświatowo-wychowawczej i społecznej.
Substance Abuse, Social Values Change and Acceleration of Family Destabilization
Authors: Pospíšil Jiří , Olecká Ivana 
Published: January 2023

Background: Substance abuse has the potential to change value orientations and affects all aspects of human life.Objectives: The text aims to show the shift in value orientations of respondents who use addictive substances compared to respondents who do not.Methodology: One-way ANOVA was used in the statistical analysis of the dependence of the values on the occurrence of abusive behaviour, with dependencies at the level of p ≤ 0.05 considered statistically significant.Results: There were statistically significant differences between the group of respondents with abstinence from each addictive substance and the group of respondents without abstinence. Substance abuse shifts pro-family values towards greater individualization and thus threatens and destabilizes the family. It strengthens community-oriented values and weakens family-oriented values.Conclusions: The transformation of the value system leads to a destabilization of family ties, which cease to be a priority. Working with values should be an opportunity for social pedagogy, social work, and all types of schools. Non-formal and informal education present particular opportunities for values education. In many cases, it is unnecessary to change the value system, but only to show the non-deviant way of fulfilling values.
Positive outcome of nonoperative management of spinal cord compression by multiple myeloma: A case report
Authors: Obame Fresnel Lutèce Ontsi , Dokponou Yao Christian Hugues , Laaguili Jawad , Mouhssani Mohamed , Saad Moussa Elmi , Asri Abad Chérif El , Gazzaz Miloudi 
Published: January 2023

Background:
Spinal cord compression (SCC) is a severe consequence of multiple myeloma (MM). Surgical management is appropriate when there are spinal instability and neurological function compromise. The reversibility of peripheral neuropathy during treatment of MM has been reported in some studies after a cycle of Bortezomib (Velcade), Thalidomide, and Dexamethasone (VTD), but very rare in myeloma patients with SCC.

Case Description:
We report a case of a 58-year-old male tetraplegic secondary to cervical SCC by MM who completely recovered after 5 cycles of VTD chemotherapy without surgery.

Conclusion:
Surgical spinal cord decompression by laminectomy is known as the gold standard for treating this condition. Nevertheless, some patients can completely recover from nervous insult without surgery.