bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Selective Ion Sensing Organic Electrochemical Transistors Suitable for Blood Analysis
Authors: Meng Xiang , Zou Tao , Chan Michael H. M. , Chan Danny Tat Ming , Tsang Anderson Chun On , Leung Gilberto Ka Kit , Zhang Shiming , Chan Paddy Kwok Leung 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOrganic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) have gained considerable attention due to their ability to simultaneously transduce and amplify ion‐based biological signals into electronic signals in bioelectronics. In this study, functionalized OECTs capable of detecting specific ion concentrations in aqueous solution and blood serum are investigated and described. Sodium, the most concentrated cation in the human body, is chosen as the target analyte due to its critical role in maintaining normal bodily functions such as blood pressure, nerve and muscle function, and fluid balance. These sodium ion sensors work at low source‐drain voltage, Vds = 0.4 V and gate voltage, Vg = 0 V, and demonstrate a high sensitivity of 126 μA dec−1 and a high selectivity over different cations. Furthermore, the OECT biosensors are employed to determine sodium concentration in more complex environments and demonstrated a log‐linear response within the physiological range of sodium in blood serum, ranging from 100 to 160 mm. In the final part of the study, the transistor‐based sensor is fabricated in a small‐footprint neural probe configuration and its sensing capability is investigated. These characteristics open up new opportunities for applications in wearable and implantable electronics.
Organometal Halide Perovskite‐Based Photoelectrochemical Module Systems for Scalable Unassisted Solar Water Splitting
Authors: Choi Hojoong , Seo Sehun , Yoon Chang Jae , Ahn Jae‐Bin , Kim Chan‐Sol , Jung Yoonsung , Kim Yejoon , Toma Francesca M. , Kim Heejoo , Lee Sanghan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDespite achievements in the remarkable photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance of photoelectrodes based on organometal halide perovskites (OHPs), the scaling up of small‐scale OHP‐based PEC systems to large‐scale systems remains a great challenge for their practical application in solar water splitting. Significant resistive losses and intrinsic defects are major obstacles to the scaling up of OHP‐based PEC systems, leading to the PEC performance degradation of large‐scale OHP photoelectrodes. Herein, a scalable design of the OHP‐based PEC systems by modularization of the optimized OHP photoelectrodes exhibiting a high solar‐to‐hydrogen conversion efficiency of 10.4% is suggested. As a proof‐of‐concept, the OHP‐based PEC module achieves an optimal PEC performance by avoiding major obstacles in the scaling up of the OHP photoelectrodes. The constructed OHP module is composed of a total of 16 OHP photoelectrodes, and a photocurrent of 11.52 mA is achieved under natural sunlight without external bias. The successful operation of unassisted solar water splitting using the OHP module without external bias can provide insights into the design of scalable OHP‐based PEC systems for future practical application and commercialization.
Statistical modeling and estimating number of healthy life years lost and healthy life expectancy in India, 2000–2019
Authors: Jena Diptismita , Swain Prafulla Kumar , Tripathy Manas Ranjan , Sarangi Pravat Kumar 
Published: September 2023

AbstractObjectiveIn this study, our objective is to propose various models to estimate healthy life year lost (HLYL) and healthy life expectancy (HLE) in India.MethodsThe HLYL and HLE were estimated and further these estimates were compared with the direct life table method and the World Health Organization (WHO) method. From the mortality perspective, we have developed a log‐logistic model for estimating the parameter (bx), which is characterized by HLYL. The results were compared with other models, such as the Gompertz and Weibull model. Here, we have also obtained the HLE by subtracting HLYL from the total life expectancy.ResultsThe result shows an increasing trend of HLYL among the male, female, and the total population in India.ConclusionFrom the log‐logistic model, the HLYL was estimated as 8.79 years, 8.36 years, and 9.38 years for the total, male, and female populations, respectively, in India during 2019.
Long term outcomes in children with trichohepatoenteric syndrome
Authors: Lee Kwang Yang , Bremner Ronald , Hartley Jane , Protheroe Sue , Haller Wolfram , Johnson Tracey , Whyte Lisa 
Published: September 2023

AbstractTrichohepatoenteric syndrome (THES) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in either TTC37 or SKIV2L, usually leading to congenital diarrhea as part of a multisystem disease. Here, we report on the natural history of the disease for the largest UK cohort of patients with THES from 1996 to 2020. We systematically reviewed the clinical records and pathological specimens of patients diagnosed with THES managed in a single tertiary pediatric gastroenterology unit. Between 1996 and 2020, 13 patients (7 female and 6 male) were diagnosed with THES either by mutation analysis or by clinical phenotype. Two patients died from complications of infection. All patients received parenteral nutrition (PN) of which six patients were weaned off PN. All patients had gastrointestinal tract inflammation on endoscopy. Almost half of the cohort were diagnosed with monogenic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) by the age of 11 years, confirmed by endoscopic and histological findings. Protracted diarrhea causing intestinal failure improves with time in all patients with THES, but monogenic IBD develops in later childhood that is refractory to conventional IBD treatments. Respiratory issues contribute to significant morbidity and mortality, and good respiratory care is crucial to prevent comorbidity.
Control of hippocampal synaptic plasticity by microglia–dendrite interactions depends on genetic context in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease
Authors: Heuer Sarah E. , Keezer Kelly J. , Hewes Amanda A. , Onos Kristen D. , Graham Kourtney C. , Howell Gareth R. , Bloss Erik B. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONHuman data suggest susceptibility and resilience to features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) such as microglia activation and synaptic dysfunction are under genetic control. However, causal relationships between these processes, and how genomic diversity modulates them remain systemically underexplored in mouse models.METHODSAD‐vulnerable hippocampal neurons were virally labeled in inbred (C57BL/6J) and wild‐derived (PWK/PhJ) APP/PS1 and wild‐type mice, and brain microglia depleted from 4 to 8 months of age. Dendrites were assessed for synapse plasticity changes by evaluating spine densities and morphologies.RESULTSIn C57BL/6J, microglia depletion blocked amyloid‐induced synaptic density and morphology changes. At a finer scale, synaptic morphology on individual branches was dependent on microglia–dendrite physical interactions. Conversely, synapses from PWK/PhJ mice showed remarkable stability in response to amyloid, and no evidence of microglia contact‐dependent changes on dendrites.DISCUSSIONThese results demonstrate that microglia‐dependent synaptic alterations in specific AD‐vulnerable projection pathways are differentially controlled by genetic context.
Carbon Nanotube‐encapsulated Chestnut Inner Shell O,N‐doped Graded Porous Carbon as Stable and High‐Sulfur Loading Electrode for Lithium‐Sulfur Batteries
Authors: Song Pengfei , Han Lu , Zhu Liuyan , Zhang Rui , Chai Yingjie , Lei Zijie , Wang Lijiang , Shen Sibo 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe shuttle effect of lithium‐sulfur (Li−S) batteries and the poor conductivity of sulfur (S) and lithium polysulfide severely limit their practical applications. Currently, compounding carbon materials with S is one of the effective ways to solve this problem. Therefore, green, low‐cost chestnut inner shell biochar (CISC) with graded porous structure was used as the S carrier in this experiment, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) coating was employed as the S protective layer to improve the electrical conductivity and inhibit the shuttle effect. The results showed that the CISC prepared in this experiment had a relatively high specific surface area (1135.11 m2 g−1), and the S loading rate was as high as 65.72 %. The graded porous structure and high specific surface area of CISC can increase the loading rate of S and thus increase the battery capacity. Meanwhile, the naturally contained O and N elements can improve the chemisorption of S. The initial discharge capacity of the CISC@S/CNTs battery at 0.1 C is 967.3 mAh g−1, and the capacity retention rate is 74.3 % after 500 cycles. The unique composite structure improves the battery‘s electrical conductivity, reduces the dissolution of polysulfides, and enhances the battery cycle stability.
Untersuchung der Menschutkin‐Reaktion von ω‐Bromacetophenon mit α‐Picolin in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur, vom hydrostatischen Druck und vom Lösungsmittel
Authors: Heydtmann H. , Schmidt A. P. , Hartmann H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDie Geschwindigkeit der bimolekularen Reaktion von ω‐Bromacetophenon mit α‐Picolin wurde bei Temperaturen von 30‐50 °C und bei Drucken von 1‐500 kp cm−2 in neun verschiedenen Lösungsmitteln gemessen. Der Zusammenhang zwischen den thermodynamischen Aktivierungsgrößen und den dielektrischen Eigenschaften des als Kontinuum aufgefaßten Mediums werden diskutiert. Für den Übergangszustand der Reaktion wurde ein Dipolmoment von 7,8 Debye berechnet.
Raman‐ und Ultrarotspektren von kristallisiertem CH3NH2, CH3ND2 und CH3NHD. Wasserstoffbrückenbindung in kristallisiertem Methylamin und seinen N‐Deutero‐Derivaten
Authors: Wolff H. , Ludwig H. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractEs werden bei Temperaturen unter −100 °C die Ramanspektren von kristallisiertem CH3NH2 und CH3ND2 sowie die Ultrarotspektren von kristallisiertem CH3NH2, CH3ND2, und CH3NHD ermittelt. In ihnen können sämtlichen Grundschwingungen von CH3NH2 und CH3ND, Banden zugeordnet werden, wenn von der Torsionsschwingung, die außerhalb des Meßbereichs liegt, abgesehen wird.In den Spektren von CH3NH2 und CH3ND2 treten statt einzelner Banden teilweise Gruppen aus zwei oder mehreren Banden auf. Das Verschwinden oder Zurückgehen der Aufspaltungen in den „Spektren der Mischungen beider Verbindungen beweist, daß sie aus der Kopplung der Schwingungen in der Elementarzelle entstehen (correlation field splitting).Die Aminogruppenschwingungen von CH3NH2 und CH3ND2 sind mit Ausnahme der Deformationsschwingung gegenüber der Lage bei den gasförmigen Verbindungen beträchtlich in der Frequenz verschoben, und zwar die Valenzschwingungen zu kleineren Wellenzahlen, die Deformationsschwingungen, die aus der Ebene der Aminogruppe heraus erfolgen, hingegen zu größeren Wellenzahlen. Dabei belegt die starke Abnahme beider Valenzschwingungen, daß bei den kristallisierten Aminen zum Unterschied von den flüssigen auch das zweite H‐ oder D‐Atom der Aminogruppe eine Brücke bildet.In den Spektren von CH3NHD sind sämtliche Schwingungen der Aminogruppe verdoppelt, werden also beispielsweise zwei NH‐ und zwei ND‐Valenzbanden gefunden. Dies kann nur damit gedeutet werden, daß im CH3NHD‐Kristall zwei verschieden starke NH‐ und zwei verschieden starke ND‐Bindungen vorhanden sind.Das Vorliegen zweier verschieden starker NH‐ und zweier verschieden starker ND‐Bindungen in kristallisiertem CH3NHD führt zu der Annahme, daß in kristallisiertem CH3NH2 zwei ungleiche NH‐ und in kristallisiertem CH3ND2 zwei ungleiche ND‐Bindungen vorhanden sind. Hierfür spricht auch, daß die symmetrische NH‐ bzw. ND‐Valenzschwingung gegenüber der Lage beim Gas wesentlich stärker zu kleineren Wellenzahlen verschoben ist als die antisymmetrische.Aus dem Vorliegen zweier ungleicher NH‐ oder ND‐Bindungen ist bei den kristallisierten reinen Aminen auch auf das Vorkommen zweier ungleicher H‐ bzw. D‐Brücken zu schließen. Bei CH3NH2 ist die eine von diesen schwächer, die andere aber stärker als die Brücke der flüssigen Verbindung.
Strategizing the online healthcare supply chain management in rural areas: A study of critical success factors
Authors: Sarkar Bishal Dey , Kharde Yashomandira , Bakshi Avishek 
Published: September 2023

AbstractOnline healthcare supply chain management (OHCSCM) in rural areas is a matter of concern and is susceptible to policy changes, especially after the alarms raised by the COVID‐19 pandemic. This study aims to develop an approach towards examining the state and building a framework for examining the OHCSCM in rural areas. The study develops a framework by integrating various theories and methodologies like stakeholders' theory, critical success factor (CSF) theory, triple bottom line theory, fuzzy set theory, evidential reasoning approach, and scenario analysis for identifying the dynamism among the CSFs. The developed framework helps prioritize the CSFs based on environmental, economic, and social perspectives. Further, the model helps create scenarios for decision‐makers to improve the understanding of the CSFs influencing OHCSCM and achieve sustainability. The study reveals that infrastructure development, security and privacy of data, and use of predictive tools are the top factors that need immediate attention. By recognizing the interdependencies and interactions between these factors, managers can develop a more comprehensive and integrated approach to OHCSCM in rural areas. This understanding enables them to identify potential bottlenecks, streamline processes, and optimize resource allocation, ultimately saving valuable time and resources for achieving sustainability in the online healthcare supply chain in rural areas.
Investigating the robustness and relevance of an evidence‐based sense‐making construct to bridge the research‐practice gap in cross‐sector partnerships
Authors: Bampoh Daniel K. , Sdunzik Jennifer , Sinfield Joseph V. , McDavid Lindley , Burgess Wilella D. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractCross‐sector partnerships (CSPs) are important for tackling development challenges across public, private, and non‐profit sectors. Despite their growing prevalence as partnership models of choice for grand challenge efforts, there is little evidence‐based understanding about the dominant features of these engagements. This makes it difficult to develop CSP engagement models that are useful across development problems and settings. We posit that CSPs are intrinsically cross‐disciplinary endeavors and require collaboration models that enable interdisciplinary problem orientation and solution casting. To facilitate sense‐making in partnership efforts, a CSP engagement model must therefore integrate perspectives on partnership from major disciplines and practitioner experiences. Using automated content analysis of peer‐reviewed publications and manual content analysis of practitioner interviews, we explored the robustness and relevance of partnership capacity theory (PCT), an interdisciplinary CSP engagement model, as an evidence‐based approach to CSP with best‐practice grounding. We found PCT comprehensively characterizes collaborative CSP dynamics and offers a foundational view of CSP best practices.
Adapting to the digital age: Investigating the frameworks for financial services in modern communities
Authors: Fundira McArthur , Edoun Emmanuel Innocents , Pradhan Anup 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe digital age has brought about a revolution in the way we manage our finances, with more and more financial services moving online. However, not all communities have the same level of digital competency, leading to disparities in access to financial services. This study delves into the digital competencies' framework necessary for financial services to sustain vulnerable communities in the digital era. The COVID‐19 pandemic has accelerated the digital shift, leaving many communities struggling to adapt. The study aims to understand the challenges and opportunities presented by this shift, and how key stakeholders can support disadvantaged communities in developing their digital skills and accessing resources. The “Digital Financial Services Consumer Competency Framework” was identified as most appropriate for the study. Respective governments and other key stakeholders must assist with the development of digital hubs, from which vulnerable communities can access digital skills and resources. The research method used is a systematic literature review of 19 published papers, which were analyzed to generate statistics, visualization maps, and theories for the study. The findings of the study will be used to guide the development of policies to necessitate and encourage community ICT adoption.
Classification and prediction‐based machine learning algorithms to predict students’ low and high programming performance
Authors: Durak Aykut , Bulut Vahide 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe current study aims to determine the programming performance (low and high) of the students between the ages of 12–24 who receive programming education, by descriptive analysis, to determine the current situation according to various variables and to redict them with machine learning algorithms. Thus, the change in programming performance, computational identity, computational thinking perspective, programming empowerment, and programming anxiety according to various variables was examined. The performances of different algorithms were compared in estimating the low and high programming performance of these variables. The research involved 763 students who were between the ages of 12 and 24 and had received programming education. Different scales were used to collect the opinions of students who received programming education. Descriptive analyses, one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and machine learning algorithms were used in the analysis of the data set. Analyzes were made in Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and Knime software. Decision trees, k‐nearest neighbors, support vector machines, random forest, Naive Bayes classifiers, and logistic regression were used in the study. Students’ programming performance, computational identity, computational thinking perspective, and programming empowerment mean scores differ in terms of gender and educational level variables. Research variables do not differ statistically in terms of academic success level variables. According to the programming performance level, students’ computational identity, computational thinking perspective, and programming empowerment scores differ. No significant difference was found between programming anxiety scores. Decision trees of the algorithm with the highest accuracy result according to low and high programming performance conditions are [(0.966), (0.966)], respectively. The fact that these obtained scores are above 90% can be interpreted as sufficient estimation performance.
Application of artificial intelligence in adaptation of gamification in education: A literature review
Authors: Suresh Babu Srimathi , Dhakshina Moorthy Anitha 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe education system has been changing continuously with several new strategies for effective student learning. E‐learning has provided the opportunity for students to learn from anywhere and from anyone. To motivate the learners and improve their performance in e‐learning courses, different pedagogical activities have been practiced among which gamification has a good edge. Gamification is one of the upcoming fields in education for getting students motivated and engaged through game‐like activities with various gamification elements in nongame settings. Gamification can be further improved by dynamically adapting the mechanics and dynamics of gamification to a variety of factors such as the personality, needs, values, performance, and motivations of learners. The advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) enables the development of dynamically adapting gamification environments with established AI techniques. The application of AI in adaptive gamification needs to be further explored to discover new approaches. This study provides a comprehensive report of adaptive gamification from the perspective of the existing studies, which map different gamification elements, user profile elements, and intelligent techniques through a systematic literature analysis. Research questions have been formulated and the findings have been presented by exploring 29 focused studies from a selected pool of 622 research articles. The findings have identified the commonly used gamification elements and presented the methods of incorporating them with various AI techniques based on different user profile elements.
Survival of Filipino women with breast cancer in the United States
Authors: Lim David W. , Li Winston W. , Giannakeas Vasily , Cil Tulin D. , Narod Steven A. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe survival of women with early‐stage breast cancer varies by racial group. Filipino women with breast cancer are an understudied group and are often combined with other Asian groups. We compared clinical presentations and survival rates for Filipino and White women with breast cancer diagnosed in the United States.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective cohort study of women with breast cancer diagnosed between 2004 and 2015 in the SEER18 registries database. We compared crude survival between Filipino and White women. We then calculated adjusted hazard ratios (HR) in a propensity‐matched design using the Cox proportional hazards model.ResultsThere were 10,834 Filipino (2.5%) and 414,618 White women (97.5%) with Stage I–IV breast cancer in the SEER database. The mean age at diagnosis was 57.5 years for Filipino women and 60.8 years for White women (p < 0.0001). Filipino women had more high‐grade and larger tumors than White women and were more likely to have node‐positive disease. Among women with Stage I–IIIC breast cancer, the crude 10‐year breast cancer‐specific survival rate was 91.0% for Filipino and 88.9% for White women (HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.74–0.88, p < 0.01). In a propensity‐matched analysis, the HR was 0.73 (95% CI 0.66–0.81). The survival advantage for Filipino women was present in subgroups defined by age of diagnosis, nodal status, estrogen receptor status, and HER2 receptor status.ConclusionIn the United States, Filipino women often present with more advanced breast cancers than White women, but experience better breast cancer‐specific survival.
Evaluation of the effect of intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric‐modulated arc radiotherapy (VMAT) techniques on survival response in cell lines with a new radiobiological modeling
Authors: Kamer Serra , Yilmaz Susluer Sunde , Balci Okcanoglu Tugce , Kayabasi Cagla , Ozmen Yelken Besra , Hoca Sinan , Tavlayan Emin , Olacak Nezahat , Anacak Yavuz , Olukman Murat , Gunduz Cumhur 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe optimal radiobiological model, which assesses the biological effects of novel radiotherapy techniques that concurrently modify multiple physical factors, has not yet been defined. This study aimed to investigate the impact of intensity‐modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric‐modulated arc therapy (VMAT) on cellular response in head and neck cancer and melanoma models.MethodsClonogenic analysis, DNA double‐strand break analysis, apoptosis, and cell cycle analysis were performed on cancer stem cell models, cancer models, and normal tissue cell models to assess radiation sensitivity.ResultsThe segmented radiation approach used in IMRT applications enhanced radiosensitivity and cytotoxicity in the cancer models, while changes in dose rate had varying effects on cytotoxicity depending on the tumor cell type. VMAT increased cellular resistance, favoring treatment outcomes.ConclusionsThe biological processes were influenced differently by dose rate, IMRT, and VMAT depending on the tumor cell type. The selection of the most appropriate technique is crucial in representing new radiotherapy approaches. The obtained data can serve as a model to address clinical questions in daily practice. The integration of non‐standard outcomes with standard applications should be considered in clinical settings.