bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A wide-field view on multiple stellar populations in 28 Milky Way globular clusters
Authors: Leitinger E , Baumgardt H , Cabrera-Ziri I , Hilker M , Pancino E 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
The majority of Galactic globular clusters (GCs) contain multiple stellar populations displaying specific chemical abundance variations. In particular, GCs generally contain a ‘primordial’ population with abundances similar to field stars, along with an ‘enriched’ population exhibiting light element anomalies. In this paper, we present a homogeneous and wide-view analysis of multiple stellar populations in 28 Galactic GCs. By using a combination of HST photometry together with wide-field, ground-based photometry we are able to analyse between 84 per cent and 99 per cent of all stars in each cluster. For each GC, we classify stars into separate sub-populations using the well-established CUBI colour index, and investigate the spatial distributions of these populations. Our results show that dynamically young GCs can contain either centrally concentrated enriched or primordial populations, or no centrally concentrated population. Dynamically old GCs show fully mixed populations as expected. The existence of clusters born with centrally concentrated primordial (and homogeneously mixed) populations exacerbates the mass-budget problem facing many cluster formation scenarios. The diversity in these results also highlights the need for additional theories that can account for the wide variety of initial conditions that we find. We finally investigate the enriched star fraction as a function of different global parameters in our GC sample, using also data for young and low-mass clusters from the Small- and Large Magellanic Clouds and confirm earlier results that the enriched star fraction strongly correlates with the initial mass of a cluster.
Stellar classification with convolutional neural networks and photometric images: a new catalogue of 50 million SDSS stars without spectra
Authors: Shi Jing-Hang , Qiu Bo , Luo A-Li , He Zhen-Dong , Kong Xiao , Jiang Xia 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
Stellar classification is a central topic in astronomical research that relies mostly on the use of spectra. However, with the development of large sky surveys, spectra are becoming increasingly scarce compared to photometric images. Numerous observed stars lack spectral types. In Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), there are more than hundreds of millions of such stars. In this paper, we propose a convolutional neural network-based stellar classification network (SCNet) in an attempt to solve the stellar classification task from photometric images alone, distinguishing between seven classes, i.e. O, B, A, F, G, K, and M. A total of 46 245 identified stellar objects were collected from the SDSS as the training samples for our network. Compared to many typical classification networks in deep learning, SCNet achieves the best classification accuracy of 0.861. When we allow an error to be within three neighbouring subtypes for SCNet, the accuracy even reaches 0.907. We apply the final SCNet model to 50 245 638 SDSS stars without corresponding spectra and present a new star classification catalogue, containing 7438 O-type stars, 31 433 B-type stars, 201 189 A-type stars, 910 007 F-type stars, 10 986 055 G-type stars, 18 941 155 K-type stars, and 19 168 361 M-type stars.
Age-related differences in the clinical phenotypes of Behçet’s disease: The experience of two referral centres
Authors: Tekgöz Nilüfer , Tekgöz Emre , Çolak Seda , Sezer Müge , Çelikel Elif , Tekin Zahide , Çınar Muhammet , Yılmaz Sedat , Acar Banu 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Objectives
Behçet’s disease (BD) is a multisystem disease and frequently occurs during the second–fourth decades of life, although disease onset may be seen at any age. This study aimed to analyze the influence of the age of onset on clinical manifestations of BD.

Materials and methods
This retrospective study analyzed two cohorts (paediatric and adult) to determine the association between the age of onset and clinical features in BD. Patients were classified into four groups to analyze the clinical characteristics according to the age of fulfilling the BD diagnostic criteria as follows: childhood onset (&lt;12 years), adolescent onset (13–17 years), adult onset (18–39 years), and late onset (&gt;40 years).

Results
The study included 801 patients with BD. Male predominance, pathergy test positivity, aphthosis (oral or genital), and skin and ocular involvements were higher among adult patients than paediatric patients. The presence of positive family history for BD, neuro-BD, and epididymitis were observed significantly common in the paediatric group.

Conclusion
There may be differences in clinical manifestations with regard to the age of disease onset. Disease presentations may differ from adult patients, and clinicians should be aware of the high familial aggregation rate of BD, especially in countries where the disease is endemic.
Passer, a highly active transposon from a fish genome, as a potential new robust genetic manipulation tool
Authors: Wang Saisai , Gao Bo , Miskey Csaba , Guan Zhongxia , Sang Yatong , Chen Cai , Wang Xiaoyan , Ivics Zoltán , Song Chengyi 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe discovery of new, active DNA transposons can expand the range of genetic tools and provide more options for genomic manipulation. In this study, a bioinformatics analysis suggested that Passer (PS) transposons, which are members of the pogo superfamily, show signs of recent and current activity in animals and may be active in some species. Cell-based transposition assays revealed that the native PS transposases from Gasterosteus aculeatus and Danio rerio displayed very high activity in human cells relative to the Sleeping Beauty transposon. A typical overproduction inhibition phenomenon was observed for PS, and transposition capacity was decreased by ∼12% with each kilobase increase in the insertion size. Furthermore, PS exhibited a pronounced integration preference for genes and their transcriptional regulatory regions. We further show that two domesticated human proteins derived from PS transposases have lost their transposition activity. Overall, PS may represent an alternative with a potentially efficient genetic manipulation tool for transgenesis and mutagenesis applications.
Comparable outcomes between a combination of peritoneal dialysis with once-weekly haemodialysis and thrice-weekly haemodialysis: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Murashima Miho , Hamano Takayuki , Abe Masanori , Masakane Ikuto 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Outcomes of a combination of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and once-weekly haemodialysis (PD + HD) have not been extensively studied.

Methods
This prospective cohort study using the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy Renal Data Registry included those who transitioned from PD to PD + HD therapy or thrice-weekly HD from 2011 to 2018. Exposure was PD + HD therapy compared with thrice-weekly HD. The outcome was time to all-cause or cause-specific death. Associations between PD + HD therapy and outcomes were examined by Cox regression. Sensitivity analyses were performed by propensity score (PS) matching, PS matching with a shared frailty model in which dialysis facilities were treated as a random effect, inverse probability weighting (IPW), PS adjustment, PS stratification, competing risk regression and on-treatment analyses in which data were censored at the transition to thrice-weekly HD for those on PD + HD therapy.

Results
During the study period, 1001 subjects transitioned to PD + HD therapy and 2031 to thrice-weekly HD. During a median follow-up of 3.5 years, 575 subjects died. All-cause, cardiovascular, congestive heart failure–related or infection-related mortality were not significantly different between those on PD + HD and those on thrice-weekly HD [hazard ratio 0.95 (95% confidence interval 0.78–1.16), 1.26 (0.92–1.72), 1.24 (0.77–1.99) and 0.89 (0.57–1.39), respectively]. Sensitivity analyses yielded similar results except that PD + HD therapy was associated with significantly lower all-cause mortality by PS adjustment and PS matching with the shared frailty model and lower infection-related mortality by PS adjustment and IPW.

Conclusions
PD + HD therapy was associated with similar or potentially lower mortality compared with thrice-weekly HD. Considering a flexible lifestyle, PD + HD therapy could be a great option.
Annual cycle of mesozooplankton at the coastal waters of Cyprus (Eastern Levantine basin)
Authors: Fyttis G , Zervoudaki S , Sakavara A , Sfenthourakis S 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study is the first to explore monthly and seasonal succession of the zooplankton community in coastal waters of Cyprus using a 12-month period time series. A total of 192 taxa of mesozooplankton (MZ), 145 of which were copepods, were identified at three sites at the southern and one site at the northern coasts of the island. Zooplankton distribution and community structure were influenced mostly by stratification, temperature and Chl-a. The combination of upwelling and advection from the Rhodes Gyre during summer, causing cooler waters in the southern coast of Cyprus, seems to control the food supply and offered favorable feeding conditions to zooplankton, enhancing their numbers. The proximity to a fish farm also positively affected MZ abundance and biomass. This study also revealed the importance of smaller species (e.g. Clausocalanus paululus) and juvenile stages (e.g. Clausocalanus, Oithona and Corycaeus spp.) in composition, structure and functionality of the copepod community. These species seems to be more important in low Chl-a environments, where the relative size of primary consumers is expected to be smaller and the microbial components dominant. This baseline study paves the way for further investigation of the elements of marine food webs in the ultra-oligotrophic environment of the Eastern Mediterranean.
Auxin-independent effects of apical dominance induce changes in phytohormones correlated with bud outgrowth
Authors: Cao Da , Chabikwa Tinashe , Barbier Francois , Dun Elizabeth A , Fichtner Franziska , Dong Lili , Kerr Stephanie C , Beveridge Christine A 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The inhibition of shoot branching by the growing shoot tip of plants, termed apical dominance, was originally thought to be mediated by auxin. Recently, the importance of the shoot tip sink strength during apical dominance has re-emerged with recent studies highlighting roles for sugars in promoting branching. This raises many unanswered questions on the relative roles of auxin and sugars in apical dominance. Here we show that auxin depletion after decapitation is not always the initial trigger of rapid cytokinin (CK) increases in buds that are instead correlated with enhanced sugars. Auxin may also act through strigolactones (SLs) which have been shown to suppress branching after decapitation, but here we show that SLs do not have a significant effect on initial bud outgrowth after decapitation. We report here that when sucrose or CK is abundant, SLs are less inhibitory during the bud release stage compared to during later stages and that SL treatment rapidly inhibits CK accumulation in pea (Pisum sativum) axillary buds of intact plants. After initial bud release, we find an important role of gibberellin (GA) in promoting sustained bud growth downstream of auxin. We are, therefore, able to suggest a model of apical dominance that integrates auxin, sucrose, SLs, CKs, and GAs and describes differences in signalling across stages of bud release to sustained growth.
“When They Hand You Your Uniform, They Forget to Say, ‘Hand Me Your Soul’”: Incidents and Impacts of Institutional Betrayal in Canadian Police Services
Authors: Bikos Lesley J 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACT
This interdisciplinary study applies Erving Goffman’s sociological theory of the total institution and the psychological framework of institutional betrayal to better understand how ongoing gendered and racialized power structures are maintained in Canadian policing. An intersectional analysis of 116 in-depth interviews with police officers from 31 police services and an on-line, national survey (N = 727) reveal that steep institutional requirements of assimilation and conformity, combined with various, commonly reported mechanisms of institutional betrayal effectively silenced, discredited, and/or minimized reports of sexual and gender and/or race-based workplace abuse. This led to significantly negative impacts on racialized women, men, and white women’s mental health, retention rates, and willingness to report workplace abuse. Overall, this study found the ongoing presence of systemic racism and sexism within police services across Canada, institutional knowledge of their existence, coordinated efforts to contain complaints, and ongoing resistance to meaningful change.
A 4-lineage Statistical Suite to Evaluate the Support of Large-Scale Retrotransposon Insertion Data to Reconstruct Evolutionary Trees
Authors: Churakov Gennady , Kuritzin Andrej , Chukharev Konstantin , Zhang Fengjun , Wünnemann Florian , Ulyantsev Vladimir , Schmitz Jürgen 
Published: January 2023

AbstractRetrophylogenomics makes use of genome-wide retrotransposon presence/absence insertion patterns to resolve questions in phylogeny and population genetics. In the genomics era, evaluating high-throughput data requires the associated development of appropriately powerful statistical tools. The currently used KKSC 3-lineage statistical test for estimating the significance of retrophylogenomic data is limited by the number of possible tree topologies it can assess in one step. To improve on this, we have extended the analysis to simultaneously compare four lineages, enabling us to evaluate ten distinct presence/absence insertion patterns for 26 possible tree topologies plus 129 trees with different incidences of hybridization or introgression. The new tool provides statistics for cases involving multiple ancestral hybridizations/introgressions, ancestral incomplete lineage sorting, bifurcation, and polytomy. The test is embedded in a user-friendly web R application (http://retrogenomics.uni-muenster.de:3838/hammlet/) and is available for use by the scientific community. [ancestral hybridization/introgression; ancestral incomplete lineage sorting (ILS); empirical distribution; KKSC-statistics; 4-lineage (4-LIN) insertion polymorphism; polytomy; retrophylogenomics.]
A hierarchical model of ABA-mediated signal transduction in tea plant revealed by systematic genome mining analysis and interaction validation
Authors: Lu Jing , Zheng Dongqiao , Li Mengshuang , Fu Maoyin , Zhang Xianchen , Wan Xiaochun , Zhang Shihua , Chen Qi 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
As a critical signaling molecule, ABA plays an important role in plant growth, development and stresses response. However, tea plant [Camellia sinensis (L.)], an important economical perennial woody plant, has not been systematically reported in response to ABA signal transduction in vivo. In this study, we mined and identified the gene structure of CsPYL/CsPP2C-A/CsSnRK gene families in the ABA signal transduction pathway through the genome-wide analysis of tea plants. Spatiotemporal expression and stress response (drought, salt, chilling) expression patterns were characterized. The results showed that most members of CsPYLs were conserved, and the gene structures of members of A-type CsPP2Cs were highly similar, whereas the gene structure of CsSnRK2s was highly variable. The transcription levels of different family members were differentially expressed with plant growth and development, and their response to stress signal patterns was highly correlated. The expression patterns of CsPYL/CsPP2C-A/CsSnRK2 gene family members in different tissues of tea plant cuttings after exogenous ABA treatment were detected by qRT-PCR, and the hierarchical model of ABA signaling was constructed by correlation analysis to preliminarily obtain three potential ABA-dependent signaling transduction pathways. Subsequently, the protein interaction of the CsPYL4/7-CsPP2C-A2-CsSnRK2.8 signaling pathway was verified by yeast two-hybrid and surface plasmon resonance experiments, indicating that there is specific selectivity in the ABA signaling pathway. Our results provided novel insights into the ABA-dependent signal transduction model in tea plant and information for future functional characterizations of stress tolerance genes in tea plant.
Loss of aquaporin 5 contributes to the corneal epithelial pathogenesis via Wnt/β‐catenin pathway
Authors: Wang Yihui , Di Guohu , Zhang Kaier , Bai Ying , Cao Xin , Zhao Hui , Wang Dianqiang , Chen Peng 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAQP5 plays a crucial role in maintaining corneal transparency and the barrier function of the cornea. Here, we found that in the corneas of Aqp5−/− mice at older than 6 months, loss of AQP5 significantly increased corneal neovascularization, inflammatory cell infiltration, and corneal haze. The results of immunofluorescence staining showed that upregulation of K1, K10, and K14, and downregulation of K12 and Pax6 were detected in Aqp5−/− cornea and primary corneal epithelial cells. Loss of AQP5 aggravated wound‐induced corneal neovascularization, inflammation, and haze. mRNA sequencing, western blotting, and qRT‐PCR showed that Wnt2 and Wnt6 were significantly decreased in Aqp5−/− corneas and primary corneal epithelial cells, accompanied by decreased aggregation in the cytoplasm and nucleus of β‐catenin. IIIC3 significantly suppressed corneal neovascularization, inflammation, haze, and maintained corneal transparent epithelial in Aqp5−/− corneas. We also found that pre‐stimulated Aqp5−/− primary corneal epithelial cells with IIIC3 caused the decreased expression of K1, K10, and K14, the increased expression of K12, Pax6, and increased aggregation in the cytoplasm and nucleus of β‐catenin. These findings revealed that AQP5 may regulate corneal epithelial homeostasis and function through the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway. Together, we uncovered a possible role of AQP5 in determining corneal epithelial cell fate and providing a potential therapeutic target for corneal epithelial dysfunction.
Optimal Timing of Fractional CO2 Laser on Cleft Lip Scars: A Single-Blind Randomized Controlled Cohort Study
Authors: Chi Haoshu , Zhao Xinran , Shen Lingyue , Liu Yiyun , Cai Ming 
Published: January 2023

BACKGROUND
Scar is one of the most common complications for patients with cleft lip. Fractional CO2 laser is an effective method to improve the appearance of scars. However, there are no published articles about the optimal time for applying.

OBJECTIVE
To determine the optimal time to apply a fractional CO2 laser for the treatment of postsecondary repair scars in patients with cleft lip.

METHODS
Forty-two patients with linear scarring after cleft lip repair were recruited from November 2021 to October 2022. A single-blind, randomized, controlled cohort study was conducted to examine the impact of fractional CO2 laser treatment compared with conventional conservative treatment. Thirty patients started laser treatment at 1 month (n = 10), 3 months (n = 10), and 6 months (n = 10) postoperatively, and 12 patients were in the control group. Each patient was treated with high-energy low-density fractional CO2 laser treatment 3 times at an interval of 1 month. The Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) was used for scar evaluation to determine vascularity, pigmentation, pliability, and height.

RESULTS
The VSS scores decreased significantly after laser treatment (p < .05), with the most significant improvement in scars in the group that started treatment 1 month after the surgery.

CONCLUSION
Early postoperative fractional CO2 laser treatment of cleft lip scars is more effective than later treatment.
Retention and Predictors of Attrition Among HIV-infected Children on Antiretroviral Therapy in Côte d’Ivoire Between 2012 and 2016
Authors: Touré Fatoumata , Etheredge Gina D. , Brennan Claire , Parris KaeAnne , Diallo Mamadou Otto , Ouffoue Ange Fulgence , Ekra Alexandre , Prao Herve , Assamoua N’Da Viviane , Gnongoue Christian , Kone Foungnigue , Koffi Christian , Kamagaté Fathim , Rivadeneira Emilia , Carpenter Deborah 
Published: January 2023

Background:
An estimated 21,000 children 0–14 years of age were living with HIV in Côte d’Ivoire in 2020, of whom only 49% have been diagnosed and are receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Retention in HIV care and treatment is key to optimize clinical outcomes. We evaluated pediatric retention in select care and treatment centers (CTCs) in Côte d’Ivoire.

Methods:
We retrospectively reviewed medical records using 2-stage cluster sampling for children under 15 years initiated on ART between 2012 and 2016. Kaplan-Meier time-to-event analysis was done to estimate cumulative attrition rates per total person-years of observation. Cox proportional hazard regression was performed to identify factors associated with attrition.

Results:
A total of 1198 patient records from 33 CTCs were reviewed. Retention at 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months after ART initiation was 91%, 84%, 74%, 72% and 70%, respectively. A total of 309 attrition events occurred over 3169 person-years of follow-up [266 children were lost to follow-up (LTFU), 29 transferred to another facility and 14 died]. LTFU determinants included attending a “public-private” CTC [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 6.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): 4.23–8.65], receiving care at a CTC without an on-site laboratory (aHR: 4.01; 95% CI: 1.70–9.46) or attending a CTC without an electronic medical record (EMR) system (aHR: 2.22; 95% CI: 1.59–3.12).

Conclusions:
In Cote d’Ivoire, patients attending a CTC that is public-private, does not have on-site laboratory or EMR system were likely to be LTFU. Decentralization of laboratory services and scaling use of EMR systems could help to improve pediatric retention.
Outcomes After Lysis of Adhesions and Dilator Placement for Treatment of Vulvovaginal Agglutination Due to Lichen Planus
Authors: Russell Colin B. , Welch Kathryn C. , Saunders Natalie A. , Haefner Hope K. , Schmidt Payton C. 
Published: January 2023

Objective
The aim of the study is to determine intraoperative and postoperative surgical outcomes for the treatment of vulvovaginal agglutination secondary to lichen planus (LP) following a standard protocol using intraoperative dilator placement and postoperative intravaginal steroid use.

Materials and Methods
This was a retrospective chart review of patients who underwent surgical management of vulvovaginal agglutination due to LP following a protocol that included surgical lysis of vulvovaginal adhesions, intraoperative dilator placement and removal 48 hours later, and high-potency intravaginal corticosteroid and regular dilator use thereafter. Demographic and clinical data were abstracted from the medical record and analyzed using descriptive statistics.

Results
Thirty-four patients, with mean age 51.2 ± 11 years and body mass index 32.8 ± 8.5 kg/m2, underwent lysis of vulvovaginal adhesions between 1999 and 2021 with 8 different surgeons at a single institution. The mean preoperative, immediate postoperative, and 6-week postoperative vaginal lengths were 2.8 ± 1.8 cm (n = 18), 8.0 ± 1.9 cm (n = 21), and 7.9 ± 2.2 cm (n = 16), respectively. The mean estimated blood loss intraoperatively was 16 ± 15 mL. No patients had a documented surgical site infection or reoperation within 30 days after surgery. Of patients who had it documented (n = 26), 70% (18/26) reported postoperative sexual activity. Where documented, 100% (18/18) reported preoperative dyspareunia, while 17% (3/18) did postoperatively. Six percent (2/34) had recurrent severe agglutination and 3% (1/34) underwent reoperation.

Conclusions
Lysis of vulvovaginal adhesions, intraoperative dilator placement, and postoperative intravaginal corticosteroids with dilator use is a safe and effective treatment option to restore vaginal length for those with vulvovaginal LP.