bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of a patient with common variable immunodeficiency and hepatopathy
Authors: Grümme Lea , Schulze-Koops Hendrik 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Common variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency disorder and the most common form of severe antibody deficiency. Both children and adults are affected and clinical manifestations vary widely. Often, CVID manifests with infections, autoimmune phenomena or chronic lung disease, but it also frequently affects the liver. The differential diagnoses of hepatopathies in CVID patients are diverse and the characteristics of CVID patients often make it difficult to determine the correct diagnosis.

Case presentation
We present the case of a 39-year-old patient with CVID and elevated liver enzymes, nausea and unintended weight loss, who was referred to our clinic with the suspected diagnose of autoimmune hepatitis or immunoglobulin-induced hepatopathy. Prior, the patient had undergone an extensive diagnostic work-up including liver biopsy but viral hepatitides had only been investigated serologically – with negative antibody results. We searched for viral nucleic acid by polymerase chain reaction and detected hepatitis E virus-RNA. Antiviral therapy was started and the patient recovered quickly.

Conclusion
Hepatopathies in CVID patients are common with a broad spectrum of possible causes. While treating CVID patients, the distinct diagnostic and therapeutic requirements of the CVID patients should be closely considered and diagnosed by the appropriate measures.
Bath-related headache: a case report
Authors: Chang Thashi 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Bath-related headache (BRH) is a rare primary headache disorder with only about 50 cases reported from 2000 to 2017 and none since. It is an abrupt onset excruciating headache occurring predominantly in middle-aged Asian women, most commonly following exposure to hot water. This is the first report in a Sri Lankan woman.

Case presentation
A 60-year-old Sri Lankan woman presented with an abrupt onset, severe throbbing holocephalic headache immediately following a hot-water shower. The headache was not associated with photo- or phonophobia, nausea, or vomiting, and she did not report a past history of migraine. However, she had experienced a similar headache 2 years previously precipitated by a hot-water shower. Her neurological examination, blood investigations, and magnetic resonance imaging of brain and intracranial vessels were normal. She was treated with opioid and nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug analgesics, but the headache resolved only after treatment with nimodipine. The headache did not recur during a follow-up of 2 years since she avoided hot-water showers.

Conclusions
Bath-related headache is a thunderclap primary headache disorder with a benign prognosis, but its recognition requires awareness to differentiate it from subarachnoid hemorrhage. It warrants inclusion in the International Classification of Headache Disorders.
Breast cancer: the first comparative evaluation of oncobiome composition between males and females
Authors: Niccolai Elena , Baldi Simone , Nannini Giulia , Gensini Francesca , Papi Laura , Vezzosi Vania , Bianchi Simonetta , Orzalesi Lorenzo , Ramazzotti Matteo , Amedei Amedeo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Emerging evidence suggests that breast microbiota dysbiosis contributes to cancer initiation, progression, prognosis and treatment efficacy. Anyway, available data are referred only to female patients, and studies on males are completely missing. Male breast cancer (MBC) is 70–100 times less frequent, but the mortality rate adjusted to incidence is higher in men than in females. Currently, MBC diagnostic approaches and treatments have generally been extrapolated from the clinical experience gained in women, while few studies focus on characterizing male cancer biology. Taking into account the rising importance of the oncobiome field and the need of MBC targeted studies, we explored the breast cancer oncobiome of male and female patients.

Methods
16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed in 20 tumor and 20 non-pathological adjacent FFPE breast tissues from male and female patients.

Results
We documented, for the first time, the presence of a sexually dimorphic breast-associated microbiota, here defined as “breast microgenderome”. Moreover, the paired analysis of tumor and non-pathological adjacent tissues suggests the presence of a cancer-associated dysbiosis in male patients, with surrounding tissue conserving a healthier microbiome, whereas in female patients, the entire breast tissue is predisposed to cancer development. Finally, the phylum Tenericutes, especially the genera Mesoplasma and Mycobacterium, could to be involved in breast carcinogenesis, in both sexes, deserving further investigation, not only for its role in cancer development but even as potential prognostic biomarker.

Conclusions
Breast microbiota characterization can enhance the understanding of male breast cancer pathogenesis, being useful for detection of new prognostic biomarkers and development of innovative personalized therapies, remarking the relevant gender differences.
Measuring the burden of infodemics with a research toolkit for connecting information exposure, trust, and health behaviours
Authors: Dunn Adam G. , Purnat Tina D. , Ishizumi Atsuyoshi , Nguyen Tim , Briand Sylvie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
During a public health emergency, accurate and useful information can be drowned out by questions, concerns, information voids, conflicting information, and misinformation. Very few studies connect information exposure and trust to health behaviours, which limits available evidence to inform when and where to act to mitigate the burden of infodemics, especially in low resource settings. This research describes the features of a toolkit that can support studies linking information exposure to health behaviours at the individual level.

Methods
To meet the needs of the research community, we determined the functional and non-functional requirements of a research toolkit that can be used in studies measuring topic-specific information exposure and health behaviours. Most data-driven infodemiology research is designed to characterise content rather than measure associations between information exposure and health behaviours. Studies also tend to be limited to specific social media platforms, are unable to capture the breadth of individual information exposure that occur online and offline, and cannot measure differences in trust by information source or content. Studies are also designed very differently, limiting synthesis of results.

Results
We demonstrate a way to address these requirements via a web-based study platform that includes an app that participants use to record topic-specific information exposure, a browser plugin for tracking access to relevant webpages, questionnaires that can be delivered at any time during a study, and app-based incentives for participation such as visual analytics to compare trust levels with other participants. Other features of the platform include the ability to tailor studies to local contexts, ease of use for participants, and frictionless sharing of de-identified data for aggregating individual participant data in international meta-analyses.

Conclusions
Our proposed solution will be able to capture detailed data about information exposure and health behaviour data, standardise study design while simultaneously supporting localisation, and make it easy to synthesise individual participant data across studies. Future research will need to evaluate the toolkit in realistic scenarios to understand the usability of the toolkit for both participants and investigators.
“It’s not about wanting to be thin or look small, it’s about the way it feels”: an IPA analysis of social and sensory differences in autistic and non-autistic individuals with anorexia and their parents
Authors: Nimbley Emy , Gillespie-Smith Karri , Duffy Fiona , Maloney Ellen , Ballantyne Carrie , Sharpe Helen 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Despite increasing evidence to support an overlap between autism and anorexia nervosa (AN), underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Social and sensory factors have emerged as promising targets in both autism and AN, however there remains scope to compare these differences across autistic and non-autistic experiences of AN. Drawing on dyadic multi-perspectives, this study explored experiences of social and sensory differences in autistic and non-autistic adults and their parents and/or carers.

Methods
Using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA), dyadic interviews were conducted with 14 dyads, with seven autistic dyads and seven non-autistic dyads. Data analysis was subjected to a triangulation of interpretations: (1) the participants themselves; (2) a neurotypical researcher; (3) and an Autistic researcher with lived/living experience of AN.

Results
IPA identified three themes in each group, with similarities and differences between autistic and non-autistic dyads. Similar themes were identified regarding the importance of social connectedness and socio-emotional difficulties, as well a common lack of trust in the social and sensory self and body. Autism-specific themes centred on feelings of social ‘defectiveness’, disparities between sensing and expressing certain cues, and lifelong, multi-sensory processing differences. Non-autistic themes reflected social comparisons and inadequacy, and sensitivities to the learning of ideals and behaviour through early experiences.

Conclusions
While similarities were observed across both groups, there appeared to be notable differences in the perceived role and influence of social and sensory differences. These findings may have important implications on the delivery and modification of eating disorder interventions. Specifically, they suggest that while treatment targets may look similar, subtle differences in underlying mechanisms and approaches may be required for Autistic individuals with AN across sensory, emotion and communication-based interventions.
Systematic study of wall painting of the twelfth century from the Christ’s Transfiguration Cathedral of the Mirozhsky Monastery in Pskov (Russia) by complementary physico-chemical methods
Authors: Philippova O. S. , Grebenshchikova A. B. , Dmitriev A. Yu. , Lennik S. G. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The unique pre-Mongolian twelfth century wall painting from the Christ's Transfiguration Cathedral of the Mirozhsky Monastery in Pskov (Russia) have been investigated. A little less than 200 XRF spectra were collected in situ by portable spectrometer. Moreover 19 samples were subjected to additional in-depth laboratory analysis by six complimentary physico-chemical methods: neutron activation analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, polished cross-sections, polarized microscopy, and chemical microanalysis. Pigments and plasters from the interior painting, fragments found during archaeological excavations, samples from exterior murals, and sample of salt efflorescence were analyzed. The samples included the author's twelfth century painting as well as late repaintings. The composition of pigments and the number of painting layers were determined. Conclusions about organic binder presence or absence, and the painting technique were drawn. The results obtained will be used for restoration and conservation works.
Three-dimensional analysis of miniscrew position changes during bone-borne expansion in young and late adolescent patients
Authors: Migliorati Marco , De Mari Anna , Annarumma Fabio , Aghazada Hussein , Battista Giovanni , Campobasso Alessandra , Menini Maria , Lo Giudice Antonino , Cevidanes Lucia H. S. , Drago Sara 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Maxillary expansion in patients at the end of their growth relies on the possibility to use miniscrew supported expanders to apply expansion forces directly to the midpalatal suture. Although miniscrews provide a stable anchorage unit, several studies have reported that they do not remain in exactly the same position during treatment. The aim of the present study was to analyze miniscrew position changes after the expansion using bone-borne appliances in late adolescent patients.

Methods
Nineteen patients (13 females, 6 males), with a mean age of 17.81 (SD = 4.66), were treated with a Bone-Borne Expander Device. The appliance was designed with 4 miniscrews: 2 in the anterior palatal area, at the third rugae level; 2 in the posterior area. A CBCT and an intraoral scan were obtained before treatment (T0), and then, a second CBCT was obtained after the expansion (T1). Data on peri-suture bone thickness were collected at T0, then the CBCTs were superimposed, and changes between mini-screws position on T0 and T1 were evaluated, both by linear and angular displacements.

Results
Significant longitudinal differences were found in the distance of the head and the tip of miniscrews measured at the occlusal plane, as well as angular changes. Correlations between displacement measurements and peri-suture bone thickness and height measurements were found as well.

Conclusions
While acting as bone anchor units, miniscrews do not remain in the same position during bone-borne expansion. The amount of displacement was related to peri-sutural total bone height and cortical thickness, especially in the anterior area of the naso-frontal maxillary complex.
Responsible research practices could be more strongly endorsed by Australian university codes of research conduct
Authors: Ong Yi Kai , Double Kay L , Bero Lisa , Diong Joanna 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThis study aimed to investigate how strongly Australian university codes of research conduct endorse responsible research practices.MethodsCodes of research conduct from 25 Australian universities active in health and medical research were obtained from public websites, and audited against 19 questions to assess how strongly they (1) defined research integrity, research quality, and research misconduct, (2) required research to be approved by an appropriate ethics committee, (3) endorsed 9 responsible research practices, and (4) discouraged 5 questionable research practices.ResultsOverall, a median of 10 (IQR 9 to 12) of 19 practices covered in the questions were mentioned, weakly endorsed, or strongly endorsed. Five to 8 of 9 responsible research practices were mentioned, weakly, or strongly endorsed, and 3 questionable research practices were discouraged. Results are stratified by Group of Eight (n = 8) and other (n = 17) universities. Specifically, (1) 6 (75%) Group of Eight and 11 (65%) other codes of research conduct defined research integrity, 4 (50%) and 8 (47%) defined research quality, and 7 (88%) and 16 (94%) defined research misconduct. (2) All codes required ethics approval for human and animal research. (3) All codes required conflicts of interest to be declared, but there was variability in how strongly other research practices were endorsed. The most commonly endorsed practices were ensuring researcher training in research integrity [8 (100%) and 16 (94%)] and making study data publicly available [6 (75%) and 12 (71%)]. The least commonly endorsed practices were making analysis code publicly available [0 (0%) and 0 (0%)] and registering analysis protocols [0 (0%) and 1 (6%)]. (4) Most codes discouraged fabricating data [5 (63%) and 15 (88%)], selectively deleting or modifying data [5 (63%) and 15 (88%)], and selective reporting of results [3 (38%) and 15 (88%)]. No codes discouraged p-hacking or hypothesising after results are known.ConclusionsResponsible research practices could be more strongly endorsed by Australian university codes of research conduct. Our findings may not be generalisable to smaller universities, or those not active in health and medical research.
Gender differences in career advancements in Italian universities over the last 20 years
Authors: Falco Vincenzo , Cuntrera Daniele , Attanasio Massimo 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article deals with gender differences in Italian universities in the last 20 years in terms of career advancements. Data are taken from the MUR (Ministry of University and Research) archive. In Italy, career advancements are still much easier for men, even if the gender gap has slowly narrowed in the last decades. The novelty of this paper is the analysis through event-history analysis models on the time elapsed to receive a promotion (from assistant to associate professor and from associate to full professor). The event-history analysis applied to career advancements has revealed that women take, on average, about one and a half more years than men to advance, with some differences among fields of study and macroregions. Furthermore, this gender gap is higher in the first years of the career. Two sociological metaphors used in the gender literature, the “leaky pipeline” and the “glass ceiling”, seem to intervene powerfully in the gender gap of Italian universities careers.
Examining voice and choice in online learning
Authors: Henrikson Robin , Baliram Nalline 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMaximizing student engagement and learning in online courses is critical. The purpose of this study was to determine the nature of how and why graduate-level online students chose learning strategies and how it impacted their perceived levels of engagement. The researchers offered students four strategies for learning content. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected across four quarters. Findings summarized students’ perceptions of their learning and engagement when given a choice on how to engage in the content. Most participants chose asynchronous methods for learning the content, citing time constraints as the primary reason for not choosing synchronous methods of learning. When participants had autonomy to learn content and engage with others in a manner they deemed useful, they better understood the content and remained highly engaged in course activities. Participants who chose to interact with the content asynchronously also remained highly engaged.
Graphical Abstract
Impact of pressure-targeted modes of ventilation on diaphragmatic function as assessed using ultrasonography in critically ill patients with cerebral insult: a randomized clinical trial
Authors: Mosadek Hadeer , Kamel Amr Mohamed EL.-Said , El-Owaidy Raham Hassan Mostafa , Kamal Mohamed Mohamed , Maarouf Mohammed Mahmoud 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMechanical ventilation causes diaphragmatic atrophy and reduces diaphragmatic efficiency. Patients with diaphragmatic dysfunction have longer mechanical ventilation durations and intensive care unit stay. There is currently a scarcity of data on the effect of different modes of mechanical ventilation on diaphragmatic function and ultrasound-guided assessment of diaphragmatic efficiency.ResultsSixty mechanically ventilated patients were randomly divided into four equal groups (15 each): patients were ventilated using either assist control pressure-controlled mode (group A), synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation pressure-controlled mode (group S), bi-level-positive airway pressure mode (group B) or pressure support ventilation mode (group P). The primary outcome was to assess the diaphragmatic excursion, while the secondary outcomes were to assess the diaphragmatic thickness fraction and the duration of the ICU stay. Patients in the P group had the highest diaphragmatic excursion indicating better diaphragmatic function.ConclusionsWhen compared to other pressure-targeted ventilation modes, the pressure support ventilation mode may have the least risk of diaphragmatic dysfunction as preserves diaphragmatic structure and strength.Trial registrationThe clinical trial was retrospectively registered athttp://www.pactr.orgPACTR202112653971335.
Biomechanical considerations for an easily-restricted robot-assisted kinematic alignment: a surgical technique note
Authors: Valpiana Pieralberto , Ghirardelli Stefano , Valtanen Rosa Susanna , Risitano Salvatore , Iannotti Ferdinando , Schaller Christian , Zepeda Karlos , Engl Michael , Indelli Pier Francesco 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
In total knee arthroplasty, the normal kinematics of the knee may not be restored solely based on preoperative gait, fluoroscopic-based, and dynamic radiostereometric analyses.

Surgical technique case presentation
This note introduced a 69-year-old male patient who sustained post-traumatic osteoarthritis of his right knee. He underwent robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty based on anatomical reproduction of knee stability during the swing phase of gait. The kinematic alignment was simply achieved within an easy-to-identified range after preoperative radiographic assessment, intraoperative landmarking and pre-validated osteotomy, and intraoperative range of motion testing.

Conclusions
This novel technique allows personalized and imageless total knee arthroplasty. It provides a preliminary path in reproducing the anatomy alignment, natural collateral ligament laxity, and accurate component placement within safe-to-identified alignment boundaries.
How social support predicts academic achievement among secondary students with special needs: the mediating role of self-esteem
Authors: Saeed Karwan Mustafa , Ahmed Abas Sharif , Rahman Zanyar Maqsud , Sleman Niyan Aziz 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Students are an essential part and parcel of society, and their mental health, academic achievement, and success are the pillar objectives of a successful educational system. Based on this, students need to be well-equipped to overcome academic difficulties and challenges. Social support and self-esteem are known to play a major role in education and nurture students’ academic achievement. Despite their important attributions, studies however have not examined the joint effects of social support and the mediating role of self-esteem on academic achievement in the context of Kurdistan Region, Iraq. To this end, using a sample of 200 secondary students with special needs (mean age of 14 years) in the city of Halabja, this study tested a structural equation modeling to examine the effect of social support on academic achievement and the potential mediating role of self-esteem between social support and academic achievement. The students with special needs in our sample completed two validated scales to assess their social support and self-esteem and reported their past year’s academic achievement.

Results
The participants in this study scored the highest on significant other (M = 4.46) and the lowest on friends’ support (M = 3.95). With regard to self-esteem, the participants reported the mean score of 3.78, indicating a reasonable level of self-esteem. The results of SEM showed that there is a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) regarding the effect of family and friends on students’ achievement, while significant other was not found to be statistically significant (p > 0.05). Our SEM results also revealed that the effect of family on students’ self-esteem was found to be statistically significant (p < 0.05), whereas friends and significant other were not statically significant (p > 0.05). Also, SEM findings confirmed that the indirect effects of family and friends on academic achievement were statistically significant (p < 0.05), but significant other did not have any effect, indicating that self-esteem partially mediated the relationship between social support and academic achievement. Last, our analysis also revealed that self-esteem predicted the students’ academic achievement (p < 0.05).

Conclusions
The findings of the study have practical implications for parents, teachers, policy makers, and educators. The study’s implications, limitations, and suggestions for future studies directions are discussed in detail. In so doing, this investigation opens new doors for more future academic contributions in this research area.