bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Suspended in sound: New constraints on isotopic fractionation of falling hydrometeors using acoustically levitated water droplets
Authors: Bellagamba Anthony W. , Berkelhammer Max , Weber Richard , Patete Ian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe isotopic composition of precipitation (δ18O, δ2H, and δ17O) is affected by evaporation and exchange as hydrometeors descend. These processes can significantly alter the isotopic ratio of precipitation relative to its initial condensation state in the cloud yet are exceedingly difficult to study in situ. The most widely utilized model for droplet‐atmosphere exchange was derived from controlled experiments where droplets were suspended by forced air in a narrow glass tube‐ a design that manipulated the structure of the boundary layer around the droplet. Here, we provide a novel experimental test of atmosphere‐hydrometeor isotopic exchange using the mechanism of acoustic levitation, where sound waves are projected vertically to levitate droplets in free‐flowing ambient air. We present results from a series of droplet levitation experiments where the droplets' surface temperatures were measured by a thermal camera and the background atmospheric isotope concentration was measured via cavity‐ringdown spectroscopy, providing a high degree of constraint on the fractionation conditions. We show that isotope enrichment of the suspended droplets met first order expectations based on existing models. However, to account for the slope of δ18O versus δ2H (i.e., the meteoric water line) and deuterium excess of the droplets as they evolved, we had to modify the existing model for droplet‐atmosphere exchange to account for the fact that some portion of the evaporative flux from the droplet remained present in the boundary layer around the droplet leading to an evolving feedback between droplet and the atmosphere‐that is, a quasi closed‐system effect. The isotopic enrichment of the boundary layer surrounding the droplet as a consequence of the closed‐system dynamics, drives more rapid δ18O isotope enrichment relative to δ2H of the droplet compared to what is predicted using an open system model. Although these were controlled experiments, they illustrate important dynamics regarding the isotopic signature of feedbacks between droplet evaporation and atmospheric humidity.
Correlations between attitudes towards the COVID‐19 vaccine and psychiatric symptoms among pregnant women
Authors: Ayık Batuhan , Yılmaz Salih 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveAs data continue to show that COVID‐19 vaccines are safe for pregnant women, determining the factors that affect their attitudes towards vaccines has become increasingly important. Pregnancy increases the risk of depressive and obsessive–compulsive (OC) symptoms. We aimed to determine the correlations between psychiatric symptoms and attitudes towards vaccination in pregnant women.MethodsA total of 100 pregnant women were enrolled in the present cross‐sectional study. We used a standard data form to obtain the participants' sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. The Attitudes Towards the COVID‐19 Vaccine Scale, the Maudsley Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory (MOCI) and the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS‐21) were used to measure attitudes towards vaccination and psychiatric symptoms. We then investigated the correlations between the scale scores.ResultsThere was a significant correlation between positive, negative, and total attitudes towards vaccines and MOCI total and subscale scores. According to the linear regression model, variables of MOCI total score, planned/unplanned pregnancy, and age were determined as the predictors for vaccination attitudes towards COVID‐19 vaccines.ConclusionIncreased OC symptoms seem to be associated with negative attitudes towards vaccination. It is important to screen pregnant women with lower vaccination rates for OC symptoms more carefully. A multidisciplinary approach would be beneficial to increase vaccination rates.
Antibody response, neutralizing potency, and transplacental antibody transfer following SARS‐CoV‐2 infection versus mRNA‐1273, BNT162b2 COVID‐19 vaccination in pregnancy
Authors: Dude Carolynn M. , Joseph Naima T. , Forrest Alexandra D. , Verkerke Hans P. , Cheedarla Narayanaiah , Govindaraj Sakthivel , Irby Les’Shon S. , Easley Kirk A. , Smith Alicia K. , Stowell Sean R. , Neish Andrew , Amara Rama Rao , Jamieson Denise J. , Dunlop Anne L. , Badell Martina L. , Velu Vijayakumar 
Published: January 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo improve our understanding of the immune response, including the neutralization antibody response, following COVID‐19 vaccination in pregnancy.MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study comprising patients with PCR‐confirmed SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and patients who received both doses of mRNA COVID‐19 vaccine (mRNA‐1273, BNT162b2) in pregnancy recruited from two hospitals in Atlanta, GA, USA. Maternal blood and cord blood at delivery were assayed for anti‐receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG, IgA and IgM, and neutralizing antibody. The detection of antibodies, titers, and maternal to fetal transfer ratios were compared.ResultsNearly all patients had detectable RBD‐binding IgG in maternal and cord samples. The vaccinated versus infected cohort had a significantly greater proportion of cord samples with detectable neutralizing antibody (94% vs. 28%, P < 0.001) and significantly higher transfer ratios for RBD‐specific IgG and neutralizing antibodies with a transfer efficiency of 105% (vs. 80%, P < 0.001) and 110% (vs. 90%, P < 0.001), respectively. There was a significant linear decline in maternal and cord blood RBD‐specific IgG and neutralizing antibody titers as time from vaccination to delivery increased.ConclusionsThose who receive the mRNA COVID‐19 vaccine mount an immune response that is equivalent to—if not greater than—those naturally infected by SARS‐CoV‐2 during pregnancy.
Pediatric cystine stone successfully treated by mini‐percutaneous nephrolithotripsy and antegrade ureteroscopy
Authors: Kakinoki Hiroaki , Yamaguchi Yukako , Kakinoki Yuka , Udo Kazuma , Tobu Shohei , Noguchi Mitsuru 
Published: January 2023

IntroductionCystinuria is often diagnosed by large renal stone for pediatric patients. The patients suffer from recurrence of stone disease, develop the chronic kidney disease and fall into end‐stage renal failure. Total removal of stone at the first intervention and prevention of recurrence are essential. Although, it is difficult to treat the pediatric stone patients for their anatomical feature.Case presentationWe report three cases of pediatric cystine stone patients (two 4‐year‐old boys and a 9‐year‐old girl) successfully treated by mini‐percutaneous nephrolithotripsy and antegrade ureteroscopy. We could remove stones completely in all three cases, and the patients did not suffer from major complications.ConclusionIt is essential to select the surgical approach, the endourological device, and the patient's position which is suitable for the age, the body size, and the condition of stones at the initial intervention of pediatric cystine stone.
Framework nucleic acids directed assembly of Au nanostructures for biomedical applications
Authors: Liu Bing , Qi Zhonglin , Chao Jie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAu nanostructures have elicited considerable interest because of their unique optical and physicochemical properties. These characteristics are mostly depended on the size, shape, chemical composition and dielectric environment of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs). Because of the easy chemical modification and programmable design of DNA molecules, they can not only combine to the surface of AuNP for improved stability, but also form the framework nucleic acids (FNAs) for direct assembly of different Au nanostructures with precise configuration and multiple dimensions. This paper starts with the synthesis and properties of Au nanomaterials. Followed by a brief introduction to the development of FNA nanotechnology, the FNA‐directed assembly of Au nanostructures is discussed. Then, we focus on the biomedical applications of these Au nanostructures, including biosensing and therapeutics. In the end, we envision an insight into the remaining challenges and future perspectives toward FNA‐based metal functional materials.
Performance assessment of subsurface drainage systems in the Harran Plain of the South‐East Anatolian region of Turkey
Authors: Güngör Kamil , Bahçeci Barış 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe purpose of performance assessment of subsurface drainage systems is to achieve efficient and effective system performance by providing relevant feedback to the management of the drainage system at all levels. Therefore, it assists management in determining whether performance is satisfactory and, if not, what corrective actions need to be taken and where to rectify the situation. In this study, approximately 30% of the drainage systems built in the Harran Plain were monitored during one irrigation season in 2017. The fluctuation of the water table was measured daily at a total of 33 subcentres. In addition, electrical conductivity (EC) and pH values were measured by taking water samples from six collectors once a week. Drain flow measurements were carried out at three collector outlets. According to the SEW30 (sum of excess water at depths less than 30 cm) indicator, 82% of the monitored areas had good, medium‐good drainage and moderate drainage. The seasonal average water table depth of the monitored area was found to be approximately 120 cm. The data show the existence of a drainage system that creates an aerated soil layer suitable for all shallow‐ and deep‐rooted, water‐resistant, and sensitive plants in all of the monitored areas. Generally, the salinity of drainage water is much higher than that of irrigation water. This value was up to 25 times higher in some collector outlets. This finding has raised suspicions that salty groundwater is being pumped into the drainage system.
The roles of proteases in prostate cancer
Authors: Koistinen Hannu , Kovanen Ruusu‐Maaria , Hollenberg Morley D. , Dufour Antoine , Radisky Evette S. , Stenman Ulf‐Håkan , Batra Jyotsna , Clements Judith , Hooper John D. , Diamandis Eleftherios , Schilling Oliver , Rannikko Antti , Mirtti Tuomas 
Published: January 2023

AbstractSince the proposition of the pro‐invasive activity of proteolytic enzymes over 70 years ago, several roles for proteases in cancer progression have been established. About half of the 473 active human proteases are expressed in the prostate and many of the most well‐characterized members of this enzyme family are regulated by androgens, hormones essential for development of prostate cancer. Most notably, several kallikrein‐related peptidases, including KLK3 (prostate‐specific antigen, PSA), the most well‐known prostate cancer marker, and type II transmembrane serine proteases, such as TMPRSS2 and matriptase, have been extensively studied and found to promote prostate cancer progression. Recent findings also suggest a critical role for proteases in the development of advanced and aggressive castration‐resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Perhaps the most intriguing evidence for this role comes from studies showing that the protease‐activated transmembrane proteins, Notch and CDCP1, are associated with the development of CRPC. Here, we review the roles of proteases in prostate cancer, with a special focus on their regulation by androgens.
Injectable cell‐laden hybrid bioactive scaffold containing bioactive glass microspheres
Authors: Rahimnejad Maedeh , Charbonneau Cindy , He Zinan , Lerouge Sophie 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe rising incidence of bone disorders has resulted in the need for minimally invasive therapies to meet this demand. Injectable bioactive filler, alone or with cells, could be applied in a minimally invasive manner to fulfill irregular cavities in non‐load bearing sites, which do not require high mechanical properties. Thermosensitive chitosan hydrogels that transition from a liquid to a mechanically stable solid at body temperature provide interesting features as in‐situ injectable cytocompatible biomaterials, but they are not osteoconductive. Osteoconductivity can be applied in combination with bioactive ceramics e.g., 45S5‐Bioglass® (BG). However, BG addition in chitosan hydrogels results in pH elevation, due to rapid ions release, which adversely affects gel formation, mechanical properties, and cytocompatibility. To address this, we created hybrid hydrogels, where BG is concentrated in chitosan‐based microbeads, incorporated in in‐situ gelling chitosan hydrogels. We then compared the hybrid hydrogels' properties to chitosan hydrogels with homogenously distributed BG. By varying the stirred emulsification process, BG percentage, and CH formulation, we could tune the microbeads' properties. Incorporation of BG microbeads drastically improved the hydrogel's compressive modulus in comparison to homogeneously distributed BG. It also strongly increased the survival and metabolic activities of encapsulated cells. Calcium/phosphate increase on BG microbeads suggests hydroxyapatite formation. The small diameter of microbeads allows minimally invasive injection through small needles. The feasibility of freezing and thawing microbeads provides the possibility of long‐term storage for potential clinical applications. These data indicate that this hybrid hydrogel forms a promising injectable cell‐laden bioactive biomaterial for the treatment of unloaded bone defects.
Hsa_circ_0001944 enhanced GSPT1 expression via sponging miR‐498 to promote proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer
Authors: Liu Rujiao , Han Xiaotian , Gao Shuiping , Chen Yang , Zhang Jian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundGastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common malignant tumor and the third leading cause of cancer‐related deaths worldwide. CircRNAs may provide new insights into the development of GC by acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. In this study, we aim to examine the biological role of hsa_circ_0001944 (circFIRRE) in tumor progression of GC.MethodsThe bioinformatic analysis, qPCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were fulfilled to detect the expression of hsa_circ_0001944, miR‐498, and GSPT1 in gastric cancer. Gain or loss of function approaches were used to investigate the biological functions of hsa_circ_0001944. MTS, EDU, wound healing, and transwell assays were performed to study the proliferation, invasion, and migration of GC cells. These molecular mechanisms were detected by luciferase reporter assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays.ResultsWe screened out hsa_circ_0001944, whose expression was significantly increased in gastric cancer tissues. Knockdown of hsa_circ_0001944 significantly suppressed the cell proliferation, invasion, and migration. Mechanistic investigations showed that hsa_circ_0001944 can bind to and sponge miR‐498. Moreover, hsa_circ_0001944 sponged miR‐498 to increase GSPT1 expression, thereby promoted excessive proliferation and maintained the malignant phenotype of GC cells.ConclusionThe present study demonstrates the hsa_circ_0001944/miR‐498/GSPT1 axis contributes to GC development. This may provide a target for GC therapy and potential prognostic biomarker.
Silencing circUSP48 suppresses osteosarcoma progression by regulating the miR‐335/ smad nuclear interacting protein 1 pathway
Authors: Luo Yue , Yang Bo , Yuan Xiaopin , Zheng Jian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundCircular RNAs (circRNAs) can have a critical function in the multi‐processes of osteosarcoma (OS). Nevertheless, whether circUSP48 is involved in OS progression remains unclear.MethodsIn the current work, the expression of circUSP48, miR‐335 and SNIP1 in OS cell lines and tissues were evaluated using qRT‐PCR. Then, Sanger sequencing, RNase R treatment and FISH assay were performed for circUSP48 validation. Furthermore, the function and potential mechanisms of circUSP48 in OS were investigated by performing loss‐of‐function experiments.ResultsSilencing circUSP48 could suppress proliferation, invasion as well as migration of OS cells in vitro, also inhibiting the growth of tumor in vivo. Importantly, circUSP48 promoted OS malignancy by sponging miR‐335 to upregulate SNIP1.ConclusionOverall, these findings suggested that circUSP48 acted as an oncogene in OS, which might become a new target for OS therapy.
Comprehensive analysis of aberrantly expressed circRNAs, mRNAs and lncRNAs in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Authors: Guo Feifan , Chen Dayang , Zong Zengyan , Wu Wei , Mo Chan , Zheng Zhou , Li Jian , Zhang Xiuming , Xiong Dan 
Published: January 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe location of nasopharyngeal cancer is hidden, so it is difficult to diagnose at an early stage. In this study, we aimed to investigate the expression profiles of circRNAs, mRNAs and IncRNAs and to provide some basis for further studies.MethodsExpression profiles of circRNAs, mRNAs, and lncRNAs were analyzed using microarray techniques. The differentially expressed ncRNA was calculated by bioinformatics.ResultsA total of 3048 circRNAs, 2179 lncRNAs, and 2015 mRNAs were detected to be significantly differentially expressed in NPC. The most upregulated circRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs were hsa‐circ‐0067562, NONHSAT232922.1, and HOXB13, respectively. And, the most downregulated circRNAs, lncRNAs, and mRNAs were hsa_circ_0078837, lnc‐TTC8‐4:3, and LTF, respectively. The number of upregulated DE lncRNAs was more than twice than those downregulated. Our data showed that 80.44% of pairs of lncRNAs and cis‐mRNAs demonstrated positive correlations. For lncRNAs and trans‐mRNAs pairs, 53.7% of pairs showed positive correlation. LncRNA‐mediated cis regulation is a prevalent regulatory mode in the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. CR1, LRMP and SORBS2 are predicted to be mediated not only by cis‐acting lncRNA modes of action, but also by trans‐acting lncRNA mechanisms. Additionally, we constructed a diagnostic prediction model with a high sensitivity and specificity.ConclusionOur study characterized the landscape of circRNAs, mRNAs and lncRNAs in NPC tissue and provided novel insights into the molecular mechanisms of NPC.
Population Pharmacokinetic and Exposure–Safety Analyses of Ibrutinib for the Treatment of Chronic Graft‐Versus‐Host Disease
Authors: Ogawa Tetsuro , Mita Sachiko , Atluri Harisha , Iwaki Yuki 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe population pharmacokinetic (PK) and exposure–response (E–R) analyses for the safety of ibrutinib for the treatment of chronic graft‐versus‐host disease (cGVHD) is presented. This work aims to develop a population PK model for ibrutinib based on data from clinical studies in subjects with cGVHD, to evaluate the impact of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on PK parameters as well as systemic exposure levels, and to assess an E–R relationship for selected safety end points. Pooled data from 162 subjects with cGVHD enrolled in 4 clinical studies were included in the population PK analysis. In the studies, an ibrutinib dose of 420 mg once daily was administered orally. With the exception of 1 study, the study protocols instructed for a reduction of the ibrutinib dose to 140 or 280 mg once daily, depending on concomitant CYP3A inhibitor use. Concomitant CYP3A inhibitor use was found to be a primary covariate for relative bioavailability (F1): the F1 value increased 2.22‐fold with concomitant moderate CYP3A inhibitors and 3.09‐fold with concomitant strong CYP3A inhibitors, compared with the F1 value in the absence of CYP3A inhibitors. In addition, Japanese ethnicity led to an F1 value that was 1.70‐fold higher than that in the non‐Japanese population. Simulations using the final PK model suggest that ibrutinib exposure was appropriately controlled within the therapeutic range in the entire cGVHD population by applying dose reductions depending on the use of CYP3A inhibitors, and that additional dose modification for the Japanese population would not be required. The subsequent E–R analysis suggests no apparent association between the systemic exposure to ibrutinib and the selected safety end points.
Introducing dental students to dental public health: An analysis of US predoctoral course syllabi
Authors: McKernan Susan C. , Sukalski Jennifer M. C. , Starman Emily E. , Mayhle Miriam M. , Holland Haley A. , Chi Donald L. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractDental public health competencies in predoctoral dental education ensure that students have the skills to succeed in an increasingly complex professional environment. This study examined existing public health curricula in US dental education and their alignment with national recommendations from the American Association of Public Health Dentistry (AAPHD) and guidance from the Healthy People Curriculum Task Force for health professions education programs. We contacted all US dental schools (N = 66) in November 2020–January 202 and requested syllabi for schools’ first course with dental public health content. We received 34 syllabi, which provided textual data for content analysis. The authors used an initial content analysis tool to extract descriptive course characteristics. Then, direct and emergent coding was performed to summarize course content. Direct codes included the 23 dental public health topics specified by AAPHD recommendations. Uncategorized content was coded using an inductive approach to identify emergent course themes. Frequently covered topics included principles of dental public health (79% of syllabi) and access to care (79%). “Health disparities” was the most common emergent theme, with 50% of courses including related content. There was little consistency in how courses approached each topic. For example, the topic “access to care” covered healthcare delivery systems, determinants of health, legislative reform, and advocacy. Dental public health was often taught alongside unrelated content. Recommendations for dental public health competencies should be updated to include new educational priorities, align with current national recommendations, and align with Commission on Dental Accreditation Standards more clearly.
Prophylactic tenofovir alafenamide for hepatitis B virus reactivation and reactivation‐related hepatitis
Authors: Suda Goki , Baba Masaru , Yamamoto Yoshiya , Sho Takuya , Ogawa Koji , Kimura Megumi , Hosoda Shunichi , Yoshida Sonoe , Kubo Akinori , Fu Qingjie , Yang Zijian , Tokuchi Yoshimasa , Kitagataya Takashi , Maehara Osamu , Ohnishi Shunsuke , Yamada Ren , Ohara Masatsugu , Kawagishi Naoki , Natsuizaka Mitsuteru , Nakai Masato , Morikawa Kenichi , Furuya Ken , Suzuki Kazuharu , Izumi Takaaki , Meguro Takashi , Terashita Katsumi , Ito Jun , Kobayashi Tomoe , Tsunematsu Izumi , Sakamoto Naoya 
Published: January 2023

AbstractNo prospective study on the efficacy of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), a novel tenofovir prodrug, in preventing hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation has yet been reported. This multicenter prospective study enrolled HBV‐carriers who received TAF to prevent HBV reactivation before antitumor or immunosuppressive therapy, and patients with resolved HBV infection who experienced HBV‐reactivation and received TAF to prevent HBV reactivation‐related hepatitis. The efficacy of prophylactic TAF in preventing HBV reactivation and HBV reactivation‐related hepatitis was evaluated at 6 and 12 months after initiating TAF. Overall, 110 patients were administered TAF to prevent HBV reactivation or HBV reactivation‐related hepatitis. Three patients died owing to primary disease, whereas one patient was transferred to another hospital within 6 months after initiating TAF. Seven patients died due to primary disease, and five patients were transferred to another hospital within 12 months after initiating TAF. Therefore, 106 and 94 (77 patients with HBV infection, 17 with previous‐HBV infection) patients were evaluated at 6 and 12 months after initiating TAF, respectively. No patient experienced HBV reactivation, HBV reactivation‐related hepatitis, or treatment discontinuation due to HBV reactivation or adverse events of TAF after 6 and 12 months. TAF could effectively prevent HBV reactivation and HBV reactivation‐related hepatitis.