bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Resonant Interaction of the Psyche, Circadian Rhythms and External Electromagnetic Fields
Authors: Kruglov A. G. , Kruglov A. A. , Utkin V. N. 
Published: July 2023

We consider the human body as an open self-regulating liquid system (LS) functioning in a gaseous environment (GE). This paper considers two systemic critical points. The first is birth (F): the start of a set of trajectories of unsynchronised circadian rhythms during the transition from the liquid intrauterine to the external gaseous environment; the appearance of gas-exchange metabolic function of the lungs; restructuring of the vascular, nervous, endocrine systems, activation of the hypothalamus. The second is biological mortality (M), which we consider as a zone of convergence and final degradation of all circadian rhythms and homeostatic mechanisms. "M" is an attractor of homeostasis of biological life forms. The graph shows a significant phase similarity in time and vector parameters "F", "M", "IPB" (integral population biorhythm) and Schumann resonance (SR). SR action is considered as an external regulatory influence on processes (F/M), the dynamics of which has no signs of interaction at short time intervals. Parametric resonance is considered as a universal communicator of external and internal interactions.
The bifurcation point for all circadian rhythms is cardiac arrest, following which brain activity is determined by the time interval of metabolically permissible activity. In the terminal phase (from cardiac arrest to isoelectric EEG), all the trajectories of LS regulation in the GE are focused in the attraction pool of the attractor (M). High brain activity and growing dynamic chaos in the terminal phase lead to the mobilisation of the entire range of compensatory brain information constructs aimed at restoring homeostasis (the uncontested goal of this phase). The final stage of brain activity in the final stage of the terminal phase, with the total exhaustion of regulatory resources, leads to the creation of an extract from the entire spectrum of homeostasis regulation algorithms, an integral information package of maximum density.
The dominant communicative and integrative role during the terminal phase is played by brain structures, the activity of which is manifested by an EEG gamma rhythm spectrum. We believe the gamma-rhythm burst in this phase is a sign of the activity of brain structures that include a network gateway for information conversion (consciousness).
Prevalence and Antibiotic-Resistance Indices of Bacterial Pathogens of Otitis Media among Patients Attending a Tertiary Hospital in Calabar, Nigeria
Authors: Umoh N. O. , Osibu B. E. , Eyo A. , Usanga V. U. , Mbah M. , Asuquo A. E. 
Published: July 2023

Background: Otitis media is linked to middle ear inflammation and sequelae, frequently occurring in infants and early childhood dealing with the accumulation of fluid behind the eardrum. It is often associated with the absence of timely and appropriate antibacterial interventions.
Aim: To investigate the identity and antibiogram of bacterial agents of otitis media among patients attending a tertiary health facility in Calabar, Nigeria.
Methods: Ear specimens collected from a total of 70 subjects were processed by conventional bacteriological methods for isolation and identification of pathogens. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out on all the isolates using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) indices of the isolates were evaluated.
Results: The prevalence of bacterial otitis media was 72.9% in the study population. A total of 51 bacterial isolates including Pseudomonas aeruginaosa (26), Staphylococcus aureus (17), Proteus mirabilis (6), and Klebsiella pneumoniae (2) were found. Isolates of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus showed high susceptibility to amoxicillin-clavulanate (92.3%) and ciprofloxacin (88.3%), respectively. The prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) isolates was 25.4%. MDR percentages such as 100%, 33.3%, 30.7% and 29.4% were reported for isolates of K. pneumoniae, P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus respectively. MAR indexing revealed high values ranging from 0.4 to 0.87 for all the isolates.
Conclusion: High susceptibility of the predominant isolates to amoxicillin-clavulanate and ciprofloxacin may underscore the drugs’ potential as antibiotics of choice for prompt treatment of otitis media in the population. However, the overall high drug-resistance indices of the isolates would suggest dire implications for empiric antibacterial therapy in the population. Choice of antibiotics for treatment of bacterial infections in this population should be driven by results of microbiological drug-susceptibility tests.
Catalytic Conversion of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural and Fructose to 5-Ethoxymethylfurfural over Sulfonated Biochar Catalysts
Authors: Du Ziting , Li Fukun , Yang Ronghe , Cao Qingya , Yang Delong , Dai Jinhang 
Published: July 2023

5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a key platform compound that can be produced by the dehydration of typical carbohydrates like glucose and fructose. Among the derivatives of HMF, 5-ethoxymethylfurfural (EMF) is the etherification product of HMF with ethanol. Owing to some advantages (i.e., high energy density), EMF has been regarded as a potential liquid fuel. Therefore, catalytic conversion of HMF and fructose to EMF is of significance, especially using heterogeneous catalysts. In this paper, we demonstrated the preparation of biomass-based catalysts for the synthesis of EMF from HMF and fructose. Some sulfonated biochar catalysts were prepared by the carbonization of biomass-based precursors at high temperature in N2, followed by the subsequent sulfonation process employing concentered H2SO4 as sulfonation reagent. The obtained catalysts were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and element analysis. The catalytic conversion of HMF to EMF was carried out in ethanol, providing a 78% yield with complete conversion at 120 °C. The catalytic activity of the used catalyst showed slight decrease for the etherification of HMF. Moreover, the catalysts were effective for the direct conversion of fructose towards EMF in 64.9% yield. Copyright © 2023 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
Bio‐Inspired Artificial Fast‐Adaptive and Slow‐Adaptive Mechanoreceptors With Synapse‐Like Functions
Authors: Huynh Hung Quang , Trung Tran Quang , Bag Atanu , Do Trung Dieu , Sultan M. Junaid , Kim Miso , Lee Nae‐Eung 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDevelopment of artificial mechanoreceptors capable of sensing and pre‐processing external mechanical stimuli is a crucial step toward constructing neuromorphic perception systems that can learn and store information. Here, bio‐inspired artificial fast‐adaptive (FA) and slow‐adaptive (SA) mechanoreceptors with synapse‐like functions are demonstrated for tactile perception. These mechanoreceptors integrate self‐powered piezoelectric pressure sensors with synaptic electrolyte‐gated field‐effect transistors (EGFETs) featuring a reduced graphene oxide channel. The FA pressure sensor is based on a piezoelectric poly(vinylidene fluoride‐trifluoroethylene) (P(VDF‐TrFE)) thin film, while the SA pressure sensor is enabled by a piezoelectric ionogel with the piezoelectric‐ionic coupling effect based on P(VDF‐TrFE) and an ionic liquid. Changes in post‐synaptic current are achieved through the synaptic effect of the EGFET by regulating the amplitude, number, duration, and frequency of tactile stimuli (pre‐synaptic pulses). These devices have great potential to serve as artificial biological mechanoreceptors for future artificial neuromorphic perception systems.
Highly Utilized Active Sites on Pt@Cu/C for Ethanol Electrocatalytic Oxidation in Alkali Metal Hydroxide Solutions
Authors: Han Chenjie , Lyu Yeqing , Wang Shaona , Liu Biao , Zhang Yi , Weigand Jan J. , Du Hao , Lu Jun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractUsing ethanol electrocatalytic oxidation reaction (EOR) with a lower reaction potential to replace oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and integrating hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) have a promising development prospect for more energy‐saving electrolytic hydrogen production. However, the main challenges of EOR are insufficient catalytic activity, high overpotential, and slow kinetics. Active sites on the electrocatalysts surface are occupied by alkali metal ion hydrate clusters by noncovalent interactions, which is considered to be one of the major causes of these challenges. To reduce the effect of the noncovalent interactions on the catalytic activity of the electrocatalyst, copper is chosen and doped in the form of a single atom in the electrocatalyst (Pt@Cu/C) to increase the electrocatalyst conductivity and make the anode contain more positive charge in this study. Then, alkali metal ion hydrate clusters are difficult to adsorb at the active site of Pt@Cu/C. The EOR electrocatalytic activity of Pt@Cu/C is up to 8184 mA mgPt−1, which is ≈4.8 times as high as that of Pt/C. The two‐electrode hydrogen production device using Pt@Cu/C as anode for coupled EOR&HER requires a smaller voltage of 0.60 V to reach 10 mA cm−2compared with that of Pt/C (0.76 V).
pH Switchable Nanozyme Platform for Healing Skin Tumor Wound Infected with Drug‐Resistant Bacteria
Authors: Yan Yong , Wang Mengqi , Zhao Minyang , Zhang Jing , Liu Yaqing , Gao Xia 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNanozymes capable of generating reactive oxygen species have recently emerged as promising treatments for wounds infected with drug‐resistant bacteria, possessing a reduced possibility of inducing resistance. However, the therapeutic effect is limited by a shortage of endogenous oxy‐substrates and undesirable off‐target biotoxicity. Herein, a ferrocenyl coordination polymer (FeCP) nanozyme, featuring pH switchable peroxidase (POD)‐ and catalase (CAT)‐like activity is incorporated with indocyanine green (ICG) and calcium peroxide (CaO2) to fabricate an H2O2/O2 self‐supplying system (FeCP/ICG@CaO2) for precise treatment of bacterial infections. At the wound site, CaO2 reacts with water to generate H2O2 and O2. Acting as a POD mimic under an acidic bacterial microenvironment, FeCP catalyzes H2O2 into hydroxyl radicals to prevent infection. However, FeCP switches to CAT‐like activity in neutral tissue, decomposing H2O2 into H2O and O2 to prevent oxidative damage and facilitate wound healing. Additionally, FeCP/ICG@CaO2 shows photothermal therapy capability, as ICG can emit heat under near‐infrared laser irradiation. This heat assists FeCP in fully exerting its enzyme‐like activity. Thus, this system achieves an antibacterial efficiency of 99.8% in vitro for drug‐resistant bacteria, and effectively overcomes the main limitations of nanozyme‐based treatment assays, resulting in satisfactory therapeutic effects in repairing normal and special skin tumor wounds infected with drug‐resistant bacteria.
Rationally Designed Enzyme‐Resistant Peptidic Assemblies for Plasma Membrane Targeting in Cancer Treatment
Authors: Zhang Shijin , Gong Xuewen , Wei Qinchuan , Lv Jiarong , Du Enming , Wang Jiaqing , Ji Wei , Li Ji‐Liang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractPeptides are being increasingly important for subcellular targeted cancer treatment to improve specificity and reverse multidrug resistance. However, there has been yet any report on targeting plasma membrane (PM) through self‐assembling peptides. A simple synthetic peptidic molecule (tF4) is developed. It is revealed that tF4 is carboxyl esterase‐resistant and self‐assembles into vesical nanostructures. Importantly, tF4 assemblies interact with PM through orthogonal hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction to regulate cancer cellular functions. Mechanistically, tF4 assemblies induce stress fiber formation, cytoskeleton reconstruction, and death receptor 4/5 (DR4/5) expression in cancer cells. DR4/5 triggers extrinsic caspase‐8 signaling cascade, resulting in cell death. The results provide a new strategy for developing enzyme‐resistant and PM‐targeting peptidic molecules against cancer.
Intense Hydrochromic Photon Upconversion from Lead‐Free 0D Metal Halides For Water Detection and Information Encryption
Authors: Han Joo Hyeong , Samanta Tuhin , Cho Han Bin , Jang Sung Woo , Viswanath N. S. M. , Kim Yu Ri , Seo Jeong Min , Im Won Bin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHydrochromic materials that change their luminescence color upon exposure to moisture have attracted considerable attention owing to their applications in sensing and information encryption. However, the existing materials lack high hydrochromic response and color tunability. This study reports the development of a new and bright 0D Cs3GdCl6 metal halide as the host for hydrochromic photon upconversion in the form of polycrystals (PCs) and nanocrystals. Lanthanides co‐doped cesium gadolinium chloride metal halides exhibit upconversion luminescence (UCL) in the visible–infrared region upon 980 nm laser excitation. In particular, PCs co‐doped with Yb3+ and Er3+ exhibit hydrochromic UCL color change from green to red. These hydrochromic properties are quantitatively confirmed through the sensitive detection of water in tetrahydrofuran solvent via UCL color changes. This water‐sensing probe exhibits excellent repeatability and is particularly suitable for real‐time and long‐term water monitoring. Furthermore, the hydrochromic UCL property is exploited for stimuli‐responsive information encryption via cyphertexts. These findings will pave the way for the development of new hydrochromic upconverting materials for emerging applications, such as noncontact sensors, anti‐counterfeiting, and information encryption.
Thin‐Film Organic Heteroepitaxy
Authors: Dull Jordan T. , He Xu , Viereck Jonathan , Ai Qianxiang , Ramprasad Ritika , Otani Maria Clara , Sorli Jeni , Brandt Jason W. , Carrow Brad P. , Tinoco Arthur D. , Loo Yueh‐Lin , Risko Chad , Rangan Sylvie , Kahn Antoine , Rand Barry P. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractIncorporating crystalline organic semiconductors into electronic devices requires understanding of heteroepitaxy given the ubiquity of heterojunctions in these devices. However, while rules for commensurate epitaxy of covalent or ionic inorganic material systems are known to be dictated by lattice matching constraints, rules for heteroepitaxy of molecular systems are still being written. Here, it is found that lattice matching alone is insufficient to achieve heteroepitaxy in molecular systems, owing to weak intermolecular forces that describe molecular crystals. It is found that, in addition, the lattice matched plane also must be the lowest energy surface of the adcrystal to achieve one‐to‐one commensurate molecular heteroepitaxy over a large area. Ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrates the lattice matched interface to be of higher electronic quality than a disordered interface of the same materials.
Loose Cocrystal Strategy for High‐Efficiency Near‐Infrared Phosphorescence
Authors: Gao Runqing , Cha Yongyu , Ahmad Hafiz Muhammad , Fu Hongbing , Yu Zhenyi 
Published: July 2023

AbstractHarvesting triplet excitons of large π‐conjugate aromatic molecules via cocrystal engineering for attaining near‐infrared (NIR) phosphorescence has aroused wide attention due to its fundamental significance and practical application. Herein, the pyrene (Py)‐N, N’‐bis(1‐ethylpropyl)‐2,5,8,11‐tetrakis(p‐methyl‐phenyl)‐perylenediimide (MP) organic cocrystal is designed and fabricated via the solution self‐assembly method, which demonstrates the NIR phosphorescence with a maximum peak at 730 nm and a photoluminescence quantum yield of 34.2%. The singlet states with an intermediate energy level from MP molecules bridges singlet and triplet states of Py molecules, resulting in efficient NIR phosphorescence. Importantly, the loose packing pattern makes MP an excellent elementary molecule that can be assembled with a variety of aromatic molecules, from ternary to six‐membered benzene rings and even larger benzene skeletons. In contrast to the limitations of traditional cocrystal systems, cocrystal engineering based on MP molecules with weak π–π interactions is no longer limited to the careful selection and collocation of molecular structures, uncertain assembly behavior, and unpredictable properties. This work holds considerable insights for the exploration of novel NIR phosphorescent materials via a universal strategy.
Vacancy Augmented Piezo‐Sonosensitizer for Cancer Therapy
Authors: Wu Qingyuan , Zhang Jie , Pan Xueting , Huang Zhijun , Zhang Haoyuan , Guo Juan , Xue Yun , Shi Rui , Liu Huiyu 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSonodynamic therapy (SDT) has been widely reported as a noninvasive and high‐penetration therapy for cancer; however, the design of an efficient sonosensitizer remains an urgent need. To address this issue, molybdenum disulfide nanoflowers (MoS2 NF) as piezo‐sonosensitizers and introduced sulfur vacancies on the MoS2 NF (Sv‐MoS2 NF) to improve their piezoelectric property for cancer therapy are designed. Under ultrasonic mechanical stress, the Sv‐MoS2 NF resulted in piezoelectric polarization and band tilting, which enhanced the charge carrier separation and migration. This resulted in an improved catalytic reaction for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, ultimately enhancing the SDT performance. Thanks to the high efficiency of ROS generation, the Sv‐MoS2 NF have demonstrated a good anticancer effect in vitro and in vivo. Following a systematic evaluation, Sv‐MoS2 NF also demonstrated good biocompatibility. This novel piezo‐sonosensitizer and vacancy engineering strategy provides a promising new approach for achieving efficient SDT.
CD8 T Cell‐Derived Exosomal miR‐186‐5p Elicits Renal Inflammation via Activating Tubular TLR7/8 Signal Axis
Authors: Xu Xiaodong , Qu Shuang , Zhang Changming , Zhang Mingchao , Qin Weisong , Ren Guisheng , Bao Hao , Li Limin , Zen Ke , Liu Zhihong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractT cells play an important role in the development of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). The mechanism underlying such T cell‐based kidney disease, however, remains elusive. Here the authors report that activated CD8 T cells elicit renal inflammation and tissue injury via releasing miR‐186‐5p‐enriched exosomes. Continuing the cohort study identifying the correlation of plasma level of miR‐186‐5p with proteinuria in FSGS patients, it is demonstrated that circulating miR‐186‐5p is mainly derived from activated CD8 T cell exosomes. Renal miR‐186‐5p, which is markedly increased in FSGS patients and mice with adriamycin‐induced renal injury, is mainly delivered by CD8 T cell exosomes. Depleting miR‐186‐5p strongly attenuates adriamycin‐induced mouse renal injury. Supporting the function of exosomal miR‐186‐5p as a key circulating pathogenic factor, intravenous injection of miR‐186‐5p or miR‐186‐5p‐containing T cell exosomes results in mouse renal inflammation and tissue injury. Tracing the injected T cell exosomes shows their preferential distribution in mouse renal tubules, not glomerulus. Mechanistically, miR‐186‐5p directly activates renal tubular TLR7/8 signal and initiates tubular cell apoptosis. Mutating the TLR7‐binding sequence on miR‐186‐5p or deleting mouse TLR7 largely abolishes renal tubular injuries induced by miR‐186‐5p or adriamycin. These findings reveal a causative role of exosomal miR‐186‐5p in T cell‐mediated renal dysfunction.
Sonocatalytic Optimization of Titanium‐Based Therapeutic Nanomedicine
Authors: Zhou Ruirui , Chang Meiqi , Shen Mengjun , Cong Yang , Chen Yu , Wang Yin 
Published: July 2023

AbstractRecent considerable technological advances in ultrasound‐based treatment modality provides a magnificent prospect for scientific communities to conquer the related diseases, which is featured with remarkable tissue penetration, non‐invasive and non‐thermal characteristics. As one of the critical elements that influences treatment outcomes, titanium (Ti)‐based sonosensitizers with distinct physicochemical properties and exceptional sonodynamic efficiency have been applied extensively in the field of nanomedical applications. To date, a myriad of methodologies has been designed to manipulate the sonodynamic performance of titanium‐involved nanomedicine and further enhance the productivity of reactive oxygen species for disease treatments. In this comprehensive review, the sonocatalytic optimization of diversified Ti‐based nanoplatforms, including defect engineering, plasmon resonance modulation, heterojunction, modulating tumor microenvironment, as well as the development of synergistic therapeutic modalities is mainly focused. The state‐of‐the‐art Ti‐based nanoplatforms ranging from preparation process to the extensive medical applications are summarized and highlighted, with the goal of elaborating on future research prospects and providing a perspective on the bench‐to‐beside translation of these sonocatalytic optimization tactics. Furthermore, to spur further technological advancements in nanomedicine, the difficulties currently faced and the direction of sonocatalytic optimization of Ti‐based therapeutic nanomedicine are proposed and outlooked.
T Cell Activating Thermostable Self‐Assembly Nanoscaffold Tailored for Cellular Immunity Antigen Delivery
Authors: Zhang Jinsong , Yang Jianghua , Li Qianlin , Peng Ruihao , Fan Shoudong , Yi Huaimin , Lu Yuying , Peng Yuanli , Yan Haozhen , Sun Lidan , Lu Jiahai , Chen Zeliang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAntigen delivery based on non‐virus‐like particle self‐associating protein nanoscffolds, such as Aquifex aeolicus lumazine synthase (AaLS), is limited due to the immunotoxicity and/or premature clearance of antigen‐scaffold complex resulted from triggering unregulated innate immune responses. Here, using rational immunoinformatics prediction and computational modeling, we screen the T epitope peptides from thermophilic nanoproteins with the same spatial structure as hyperthermophilic icosahedral AaLS, and reassemble them into a novel thermostable self‐assembling nanoscaffold RPT that can specifically activate T cell‐mediated immunity. Tumor model antigen ovalbumin T epitopes and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 receptor‐binding domain are loaded onto the scaffold surface through the SpyCather/SpyTag system to construct nanovaccines. Compared to AaLS, RPT‐constructed nanovaccines elicit more potent cytotoxic T cell and CD4+ T helper 1 (Th1)‐biased immune responses, and generate less anti‐scaffold antibody. Moreover, RPT significantly upregulate the expression of transcription factors and cytokines related to the differentiation of type‐1 conventional dendritic cells, promoting the cross‐presentation of antigens to CD8+ T cells and Th1 polarization of CD4+ T cells. RPT confers antigens with increased stability against heating, freeze‐thawing, and lyophilization with almost no antigenicity loss. This novel nanoscaffold offers a simple, safe, and robust strategy for boosting T‐cell immunity‐dependent vaccine development.