bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An improved method to sub‐module voltage balancing in modular multilevel converters with two voltage sensors
Authors: Bagheri Hashkavayi Mohammad , Barakati S. Masoud , Torabi S. Hamed , Barahouei Vahid 
Published: March 2023

SummaryThe modular multilevel converter (MMC) is an innovative structure that has expanded the usage of multilevel converters (MLCs) in the electrical industry. Since the MMC initially required a large number of sensors to manage the capacitor voltages, various studies have been done to reduce their number to improve the converter's reliability and reduce construction costs. In this paper's proposed method, merely two voltage sensors are used to balance the converter's capacitor voltages, and voltages are estimated using the exponentially weighted recursive least square (RLS) method in each sampling time. Also, the estimated voltages are sorted according to the capacitor current sign determined by the voltage sensors, and the current sensors are entirely eliminated. Furthermore, three cases for compensating the capacitor estimated voltages are presented, and the last case proposes the sub‐module force algorithm (SFA) for system protection. The efficacy of the proposed method has been assessed via simulation and experimental implementations.
Expanding the scope of health disparities research in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias
Authors: Akushevich Igor , Kravchenko Julia , Yashkin Arseniy , Doraiswamy P. Murali , Hill Carl V. ,   Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia Health Disparities Collaborative Group
Published: March 2023

AbstractTopics discussed at the “Leveraging Existing Data and Analytic Methods for Health Disparities Research Related to Aging and Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias” workshop, held by Duke University and the Alzheimer's Association with support from the National Institute on Aging, are summarized. Ways in which existing data resources paired with innovative applications of both novel and well‐known methodologies can be used to identify the effects of multi‐level societal, community, and individual determinants of race/ethnicity, sex, and geography‐related health disparities in Alzheimer's disease and related dementia are proposed. Current literature on the population analyses of these health disparities is summarized with a focus on identifying existing gaps in knowledge, and ways to mitigate these gaps using data/method combinations are discussed at the workshop. Substantive and methodological directions of future research capable of advancing health disparities research related to aging are formulated.
Regioselective Alkynylation of Allylic Phosphates with Alkynyl Copper Reagents
Authors: Mamada Shunki , Ogawa Narihito 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe developed an alkynylation of allylic phosphates with acetylenes in the presence of copper and magnesium salts. The reaction proceeded regioselectively to afford the corresponding 1,4‐enynes. Furthermore, the functional group tolerance of this reaction was established. As an application, the 1,4‐enyne intermediate involved in the synthesis of 13R,19S,20S‐trihydroxydocosapentaenoic acid could be efficiently synthesized.
Navigating the COVID‐19 pandemic together: Discussions between persons with early‐stage dementia and their adult children
Authors: Ali Talha , Mroz Emily L. , Valeika Sarah , Mendez Erika N. , Cohen Andrew B. , Monin Joan K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObjectivesStudies have separately examined the health impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on persons with dementia and their caregivers. Less attention has been paid to the social and emotional impacts of the pandemic in this population or how these individuals are mutually coping with the pandemic. Guided by the social citizenship theory, this qualitative study sought to characterize how persons with dementia and their adult children are coping during this time with a focus on the strengths demonstrated by persons with dementia.MethodsParticipants were 43 dyads of individuals aged 55 and older with early‐stage dementia and their adult children. Discussions between parent‐child dyads were recorded. Using reflexive thematic analysis, themes related to social and emotional impacts of the pandemic and coping strategies were identified.ResultsAdult children shared with their parents how the pandemic resulted in reduced social engagement and challenging work arrangements. Dyads described how the pandemic positively impacted their relationship, allowing some of them to spend more time together. In coping with the pandemic, adult children provided instrumental support to their parents and parents reciprocated with emotional support. Participants also coped by making meaning of their situation during discussions.ConclusionsFindings characterize the resilience of persons with dementia and the mutuality of the relationship between both members of the care partner dyad, as both parents and adult children offered support to one another. Facilitating dyadic discussions may be a cost‐effective way to sustain social connections and offer ongoing coping support through the pandemic or other challenging circumstances.
Silicon nanowire array overcomes chemotherapeutic resistance by inducing the differentiation of breast cancer stem cells
Authors: Wang Xiaotong , Liu Sisi , Zhang Wei , Peng Haotong , Zhang Miao , Li Yaping , Guo Qi , Wang Wenjing , Huang Na , Liu LiYan , Liu Dandan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractCurrently, traditional cancer treatment strategies are greatly challenged by the existence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are root cause of chemotherapy resistance. Differentiation therapy presents a novel therapeutic strategy for CSC‐targeted therapy. However, there are very few studies on the induction of CSCs differentiation so far. Silicon nanowire array (SiNWA) with many unique properties is considered to be an excellent material for various applications ranging from biotechnology to biomedical applications. In this study, we report the SiNWA differentiates MCF‐7‐derived breast CSCs (BCSCs) into non‐CSCs by modulating the morphology of cells. In vitro, the differentiated BCSCs lose the stemness properties and thus become sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs, eventually leading to the death of BCSCs. Therefore, this work suggests a potential approach for overcoming chemotherapeutic resistance.
Rubric development and peer review for predoctoral dental education
Authors: Kennedy Erinne N. , Champion Kathryn , Niessen Linda C. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeThis article outlines a process and template for developing rubrics that can be shared across predoctoral dental education programs.MethodsThe rubrics were developed using a peer‐review process for incorporating clinical skills and professional behaviors required for predoctoral dental students in their development of competent independent practice.ResultsThis article shares the process, templates, and rubrics that were developed for a new predoctoral dental program. These rubrics can be implemented across various educational settings including didactic curriculum, preclinical, clinical, and extra‐mural educational experiences. Successful rubric implementation requires the identification of a software and its key features.ConclusionThese rubrics are presented with the intent to share among dental education institutions looking to identify novel ways for longitudinal student assessment. These rubrics also offer the opportunity for collaborative use among various dental schools.
The impact of statin therapy on in‐hospital prognosis and endothelial function of patients at high‐to‐very high cardiovascular risk admitted for COVID‐19
Authors: Bianconi Vanessa , Mannarino Massimo R. , Cosentini Elena , Figorilli Filippo , Colangelo Cecilia , Cellini Giulia , Braca Marco , Lombardini Rita , Paltriccia Rita , Sahebkar Amirhossein , Pirro Matteo 
Published: March 2023

AbstractStatins may protect against adverse outcomes from Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) through their pleiotropic effects. Endothelial dysfunction seems to be implicated in the pathophysiology of COVID‐19, and can be attenuated by statins. This study assessed the role of preadmission statin therapy and its interaction with endothelial function, measured using flow‐mediated dilation (FMD) at hospital admission, in predicting in‐hospital outcomes among patients with COVID‐19 having high‐to‐very high cardiovascular (CV) risk. We conducted a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients with COVID‐19 having high‐to‐very high CV risk, including a subgroup of patients who underwent FMD assessment. Among 342 patients, 119 (35%) were treated with statins at study baseline. Preadmission statin therapy was independently associated with a 75% risk reduction of intensive care unit admission/in‐hospital death (adjusted hazard ratio 0.252, 95% confidence interval 0.122−0.521, p < 0.001). In the subgroup of patients with an FMD assessment (245 patients, 40% statin‐treated), preadmission statin therapy was independently associated with higher FMD values (β = 0.159, p = 0.013). However, preadmission statin therapy × FMD interaction was not associated with in‐hospital outcomes (F = 0.002, pinteraction = 0.960). Preadmission statin therapy is associated with better in‐hospital outcomes among patients with COVID‐19 having high‐to‐very high CV risk, independent of the endothelium‐protective effects of these drugs.
A Multivariable Model Based on Ultrasound Imaging Features of Gastrocnemius Muscle to Identify Patients With Sarcopenia
Authors: Xu Xuanshou , Chen Yuansen , Cai Wenwen , Huang Jing , Yao Xiaohong , Zhao Qin , Li Hong , Liang Weixiang , Zhang Heng 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesLow skeletal muscle mass, strength, or somatic function are used to diagnose sarcopenia; however, effective assessment methods are still lacking. Therefore, we evaluated the effectiveness of ultrasound in identifying patients with sarcopenia.MethodsThis study included 167 patients, 78 with sarcopenia and 89 healthy participants, from two hospitals. We evaluated clinical factors and five ultrasound imaging features, of which three ultrasound imaging features were used to create the model. In both the training and validation datasets, the sarcopenia detection performances of chosen ultrasonic characteristics and the constructed model were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The predictive performance was evaluated by area under the ROC (AUROC), calibration, and decision curves.ResultsThere were statistically significant differences in muscle thickness (MT) of gastrocnemius medialis muscle (GM), flaky myosteatosis echo (FE), pennation angle (PA), average shear wave velocity (SWV) in the relaxed state (RASWV), and average SWV in the passive stretched state (PASWV) between sarcopenic and normal subjects. PA, RASWV, and PASWV were effective predictors of sarcopenia. The AUROC (95% confidence interval) for these three parameters were 0.930 (0.882–0.978), 0.865 (0.791–0.940), and 0.849 (0.770–0.928), respectively, in the training set, and 0.873 (0.777–0.969), 0.936 (0.878–0.993), and 0.826 (0.716–0.935), respectively, in the validation set. The combined model had better detection power. Finally, the calibration curve showed that the combined model had good prediction accuracy.ConclusionOur model can be used to identify sarcopenia in primary medical institutions, which is valuable for the early recognition and management of sarcopenia patients.
Superhydrophobic Self‐Cleaning Membranes Made by Electrospinning
Authors: Naef Noah U. , Seeger Stefan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA superhydrophobic and photocatalytic composite fiber material is developed using polystyrene polydimethylsiloxane and graphitic nitride and then thoroughly characterized. SEM is used to determine the nanostructure of the fiber material, and the contact and sliding angles are measured to test the obtained fibers for their hydrophobicity. The degradation of methylene blue is used to monitor the photocatalytic activity of the created materials. This serves to create a self‐cleaning surface where hydrophilic pollutants are repelled from the surface due to the low sliding angle; the lower‐surface‐tension pollutants resist wetting the surface and can be thoroughly washed off; and photocatalytical oxidation can degrade pollutants that fully wet the fabric, allowing the surface to recover.
Retrosynthetic and Synthetic Reaction Prediction Model Based on Sequence‐to‐Sequence with Attention for Polymer Designs
Authors: Taniwaki Hiroaki , Kaneko Hiromasa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPolymer designs, especially monomer designs, can be performed with machine learning and artificial intelligence using a polymer dataset, however, it is meaningless if the designed monomer structures cannot be synthesized and the polymer compound cannot be polymerized. In this study, a retrosynthesis prediction model based on sequence‐to‐sequence (Seq2Seq) with attention is developed, which is originally used in language transformation, to predict reactants from monomer structures corresponding to polymers. In addition, Seq2Seq with an attention‐based synthetic reaction prediction model that predicts monomer structures from reactants is also developed to propose monomer structures with free bonds for polymer design. Through case studies using an actual polymer dataset, it is confirmed that appropriate polymer designs can be achieved by using the proposed method, including the generation of valid monomer structures, the selection of the monomer structures with promising polymer properties, and the prediction of reactants for the monomer structures.
An integrated analysis of Dynamin 1 Like: A new potential prognostic indicator in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Zhang Shuxian , Gong Hanjuan , Xie Hailun , Huangfu Zhimin , Tang Yi , Xiao Ming , Li Ming , Li Qingshu , Wang Yalan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDynamin 1 Like (DNM1L), a member of dynamin superfamily capable of mediating mitochondrial outer membrane division, plays a key role in the progression of different types of tumors. However, the prognostic value, clinical significance of DNM1L and its specific mechanism involved in tumorigenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been investigated clearly. In this study, we found that the expression of DNM1L were significantly higher in HCC tissues than adjacent/normal liver tissues based on multiple data sets obtained from TCGA, GEO and ONCOMINE database, also its protein expression form Drp1 is significantly higher in HCC tissues than adjacent tissues, and is related to the degree of differentiation. Kaplan–Meier curves suggested that high DNM1L expression prominently correlated with poorer overall survival, progression‐free survival, relapse‐free survival and disease‐specific survival. Multivariate analysis showed that higher DNM1L expression was independent prognostic factors of shorter overall survival and disease‐free survival. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene set enrichment analysis analysis combined with validation experiments revealed the regulatory role of DNM1L on key molecules in the metabolism of xenobiotics by cytochrome p450 pathway, and DNM1L may also affects invasion and metastasis capability of HCC by mediating extracellular matrix ‐receptor interaction pathway. Moreover, analysis showed that higher DNM1L, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, CYP1A2 expression were associated with the resistance to sorafenib therapy. TIMER and CIBERSORT analysis indicated that the increase of DNM1L expression may affect the infiltration of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. Taken together, the above results indicated that DNM1L could be able to serve as a promising independent predictor and therapeutic target for HCC patients.
What is the prevalence of burnout amongst first contact physiotherapists working within primary care?
Authors: Nozedar Lewis , O’Shea Simon 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundIt has long been known general practitioners suffer with burnout. First contact physiotherapists (FCP's) are a new role to primary care. However, concerns have been raised around the longevity and sustainability of the role and the risk of clinician burnout.AimsTo assess the prevalence of burnout amongst the FCP workforce.MethodA self‐reporting online questionnaire was developed and captured key demographical data and burnout scores amongst FCP's between February 2022 and March 2022. The burnout assessment tool (BAT12) was used to assess clinician burnout.ResultsA total of 332 responses were collected. Overall, 13% of clinicians were burnt out, and 16% at risk. The BAT12 also found 43% of the clinicians are exhausted and a further 35% are at risk of exhaustion. Non‐clinical hours were significantly associated with burnout score. Clinicians who had more non‐clinical time per month were the least burnt out. Increased non‐clinical hours was significant in reducing burnout score.ConclusionsThis study found 13% of clinicians are suffering from burnout with a further 16% at risk. Worryingly 78% of clinicians are either exhausted or at risk of exhaustion. Non‐clinical hours have a direct impact on burnout and every effort is needed by employers to increase non‐clinical time. This study supports the release by the Chartered Society of Physiotherapy whereby they recommend sufficient time be allocated within job plans for appropriate supervision, training and continued professional development. Further research is needed to explore the association of non‐clinical time and clinician burnout.
Cases of acquired hemophilia A following COVID‐19 vaccines: Cogent safety signal or possible reporting/detection bias? Preliminary evidence from Tuscany, Italy
Authors: Roberto Giuseppe , Paoletti Olga , Ferraro Sara , Hyeraci Giulia , Franchini Massimo , Gini Rosa , Focosi Daniele , Tuccori Marco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPurposeSeveral case reports of acquired hemophilia A (AHA) following COVID‐19 vaccines were recently published. A possible increased incidence of AHA during the COVID‐19 vaccination campaign was also suggested. We aimed at generating evidence for the preliminary assessment of the association between AHA and COVID‐19 vaccination through an ecological study in one Italian region, Tuscany.MethodsAn ecological study was performed using the population‐based administrative data source of Tuscany. Per each year between 2017 and 2021, we included patients aged 5+ and active into the database as of January 1. Temporal patterns of annual incidence of possible AHA cases and AHA‐tested patients were respectively observed. The rates of possible AHA cases per AHA‐tested patients were calculated in 2021 and 2017–2019, respectively (calendar year 2020 was excluded because non‐representative of the pre‐pandemic era). Age–sex standardization was applied. Poisson's 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated. Statically significant differences were defined as absence of 95% CI overlap.ResultsIn 2021, standardized incidence of both possible AHA cases (5.6/million subjects/year; 95% CI = 3.4–8.7) and AHA‐tested patients (60.7/1000 subjects/year; 95% CI = 60.4–60.9) showed the lowest point estimates, though only the latter was statistically different compared to previous calendar years. The standardized rate of possible AHA cases per AHA‐tested patients was 9.2/100000 (95% CI = 5.6–14.3) in 2021 and 12.5/100000 (95% CI = 8.2–18.1) during 2017–2019.ConclusionsThese preliminary findings do not support the hypothesis of an increased incidence of AHA cases during the COVID‐19 vaccination campaign. However, in 2021, the still ongoing healthcare access restrictions might have contributed to the low incidence of AHA and laboratory tests observed. Therefore, large‐scale multi‐database studies are warranted.
A facile approach toward the synthesis of terephthalic acid via aminolytic depolymerization of PET waste and studies on the kinetics of depolymerization
Authors: Radadiya Rushik , Shahabuddin Syed , Gaur Rama 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this polymer‐governing era, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has become one of the most demanding consumables. This growing interest in the production and consumption of plastic products results in an increase in the volume of post‐consumer plastic waste. However, due to the growing concern for environmental protection, recycling PET waste to the valuable ones has become one of the hot topics in contemporary research. In this study, PET waste was depolymerized using ethanolamine as a depolymerizing agent. N,N′‐Bis(2‐hydroxyethyl)terephthaldiamide (BHETA) (yield 77%) was obtained after depolymerization of PET via ethanolamine. The characterization of the monomer BHETA was done using FTIR, 1H NMR, and FE‐SEM. The thermal stability of PET and BHETA was done using TGA analysis. To avoid the extreme reaction condition (high temperature and high pressure) of conventional way to form terephthalic acid (TPA) via hydrolysis of PET waste, in this study, a facile way is performed. The monomer BHETA was converted to a main building block of PET (TPA) (yield 67%) using strong oxidizing agent KMnO4 in mild reaction conditions at room temperature and pressure. The synthesized TPA was characterized using FTIR and 1H NMR. This work also focuses on the anticipation of the reaction progress of aminolysis of PET using simple analytical tools namely, FTIR and TGA.
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in a Newly Established Treatment Centre in the Lay Gayint District, Northwest Ethiopia
Authors: Yizengaw Endalew , Nibret Endalkachew , Yismaw Gizachew , Gashaw Bizuayehu , Tamiru Dessalegn , Munshea Abaineh , Takele Yegnasew , Müller Ingrid , Chapman Lloyd , Weller Richard , Cotton James A. , Kropf Pascale 
Published: March 2023

Abstract

Background
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected tropical disease that primarily affects the most vulnerable populations. In Ethiopia, where this study took place, CL is an important health problem, however, the incidence of CL is poorly monitored.

Objectives
This study took place in a recently established CL treatment centre, at Nefas Mewcha Hospital, Lay Gayint. This area was considered to be endemic for CL, however, no cases of CL from Lay Gayint had previously been officially reported to the Amhara Regional Health Bureau.

Methods
Following a CL awareness campaign, a retrospective data review was performed of patients presenting to this centre between July 2019 and March 2021. Basic demographic and clinical data were collected by a nurse and recorded in the logbook of the CL treatment centre.

Results
Two hundred and one patients presented for diagnosis and treatment. The age of the patients ranged from 2 to 75 years and 63.2% were males. Most patients were between 10- and 19-years-old. The majority (79.1%) of the patients presented with localised cutaneous leishmaniasis and 20.9% with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. 98% of the patients tested positive for Leishmania parasites by microscopy.

Conclusions
This work underpinned how CL is a major public health problem in the Lay Gayint district. It also shows that raising awareness about CL in the community and providing diagnosis and treatment encouraged patients to travel to seek diagnosis and treatment.