bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Remotephotoplethysmography‐basedhuman vital sign prediction using cyclical algorithm
Authors: Gupta Kapil , Sinhal Ruchika , Badhiye Sagarkumar S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article aims to predict vital signs like heart rate (HR), respiration rate, and arterial oxygen saturation using ambient light video, eliminating chronic distortions through improved frame quality with BER estimation. The study employs the cascade residual CNN‐FPNR technique for preprocessing and SNR enhancement using energy variance maximization. The image cascade network (ICNet) facilitates segmentation, achieving strong segmentation in low‐light ambient videos. Remote photoplethysmography (iPPG) enables noncontact vital sign monitoring, predicting HR and respiratory rate (RR). An innovative noninvasive temperature and cyclical algorithm, incorporating principal component analysis and fast Fourier transform, evaluate patient HR and RR. To address challenges related to involuntary movements, a dynamic time‐warping‐based optimization method is used for precise region selection. The study introduces an intensity variance‐based threshold analysis for arterial oxygen saturation level determination. Ultimately, the support vector machine (SVM) classification technique evaluates the ground truth, showcasing the system's promising potential for remote and accurate vital sign assessment.
Left atrial strain superior to structural remodeling in identifying occult atrial fibrillation
Authors: Zhao Yingjie , Wang Yanan , Hu Chunqiang , Liu Yu , Cheng Yufei , Chen Haiyan , Shu Xianhong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractObjectiveOccult atrial fibrillation (AF) is a significant risk factor for occult stroke but is difficult to detect. Myocardial strain, based on speckle tracking echocardiography (STE), can detect subclinical changes in left atrial (LA) function. This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of LA strain in identifying asymptomatic AF patients with normal electrocardiograms and healthy volunteers.MethodsA total of 354 subjects were retrospectively enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether they had AF during echocardiography. Patients with sinus rhythm during echocardiography were further divided into healthy control group and occult AF group. Patients with AF during echocardiography were further divided into paroxysmal AF group and persistent AF group. LA mechanical function measured by STE was compared between patients with asymptomatic AF and volunteers. Conventional echocardiographic indicators were measured. The diagnostic value of LA strain for identifying asymptomatic AF was assessed by univariate and multivariate regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.ResultsOccult AF patients had higher NT‐proBNP levels, larger RA area, larger LAVmax and decreased LAEF than control group. However, occult AF patients had lower NT‐proBNP levels, RA area and LAVmax and higher LAEF than paroxysmal and persistent AF. The measured LA reservoir strain (LASr), LA conduit strain (LAScd), LA contraction strain (LASct) of occult AF group was significantly lower than that of control group. However, occult AF patients had preserved LAScd and LASct than paroxysmal and persistent AF. RA area, LAEF and LASr were remarkable correlation with occult AF after adjustment for NT‐proBNP, LAVmax, and LAScd. The area under curve of ROC for LASr was the greatest among RA area, LAEF and LASr, with a cut‐off value of 34.1% (sensitivity: 75.4%, specificity: 87.6%).ConclusionLASr can identify occult AF in the asymptomatic population. Patients with LASr values ≤34.1% have a higher incidence of occult cardiac dysfunction. These findings help identify patients with occult AF and further risk stratification for the AF population.
Which information locations in covered entities under HIPAA must be secured first? A multi‐criteria decision‐making approach
Authors: Fard Bahreini Amir 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCreating adequate safeguards for physical and online locations (e.g., desktop computers, network servers) where protected health information (PHI) may be breached is critical for management within entities compliant with the Health Information Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). With the increasing complexity of cyber breaches and budgetary issues, prioritizing which locations require the most immediate attention by top management through a data‐driven model is more important than ever. Using CORAS threat modeling and five methods for multi‐criteria decision‐making, these locations were ranked from greatest to least risk of data breaches. Statistical methods were subsequently used for consistency and robustness checks. The findings illustrate that each type of covered entity under HIPAA must prioritize a different set of locations to safeguard first: health care providers must focus on the security of network servers, other portable electronic devices, and category of others (i.e., miscellaneous locations); health plans must focus on the security of paper and films, network servers, and others; and business associates must focus on the security of category of others, network servers, and other portable electronic devices. Combined with data on the source of the breaches (external vs. internal) and type of threats (e.g., hacking, theft), these findings provide recommendations for risk identification for privacy officers across health care.
Understanding the fragmentation of glucose in mass spectrometry
Authors: Patras Maria A. , Davalos Juan Z. , Kuhnert Nikolai 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe fragmentation mechanism of D‐glucose was investigated in detail by two different fragmentation techniques, namely, collision‐induced dissociation (CID) and infrared multiphoton dissociation (IRMPD) using all six 13C‐labeled isotopomers and 2H‐labeled isotopomers. For both CID and IRMPD energy‐resolved measurements were carried out. Individual fragmentation pathways were studied at MS2 and MS3 levels. Additionally, we have developed an HPLC‐tandem MS method to separate the anomers of D‐glucose using a HILIC column and investigated their fragmentation patterns individually. We propose a complete fragmentation landscape of D‐glucose, demonstrating that a rather simple multifunctional molecule displays extreme complexity in gas phase dissociation, following multiple parallel fragmentation routes yielding a total of 23 distinct fragment ions. The results allowed a detailed formulation of the complex fragmentation mechanism of D‐glucose. The results have immediate consequences for the full structure analysis of complex carbohydrates.
A study on twitching motility dynamics in Ralstonia solanacearum microcolonies by live imaging
Authors: Bhuyan Shuvam , Dutta Lukapriya , Begum Shuhada , Giri Shubhra J. , Jain Monika , Mandal Manabendra , Ray Suvendra K. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractRalstonia solanacearum is a rod‐shaped phytopathogenic bacterium that causes lethal wilt disease in many plants. On solid agar growth medium, in the early hour of the growth of the bacterial colony, the type IV pili‐mediated twitching motility, which is important for its virulence and biofilm formation, is prominently observed under the microscope. In this study, we have done a detailed observation of twitching motility in R. solanacearum colony. In the beginning, twitching motility in the microcolonies was observed as a density‐dependent phenomenon that influences the shape of the microcolonies. No such phenomenon was observed in Escherichia coli, where twitching motility is absent. In the early phase of colony growth, twitching motility exhibited by the cells at the peripheral region of the colony was more prominent than the cells toward the center of the colony. Using time‐lapse photography and merging the obtained photomicrographs into a video, twitching motility was observed as an intermittent phenomenon that progresses in layers in all directions as finger‐like projections at the peripheral region of a bacterial colony. Each layer of bacteria twitches on top of the other and produces a multilayered film‐like appearance. We found that the duration between the emergence of each layer diminishes progressively as the colony becomes older. This study on twitching motility demonstrates distinctly heterogeneity among the cells within a colony regarding their dynamics and the influence of microcolonies on each other regarding their morphology.
Addressing social determinants of health: Supporting ex‐offenders’ employment through use of the Systems Theory Framework
Authors: Gantt‐Howrey Alexandra , Park Chan Jeong , Griffith Jasmine A. H. , Jones Janelle L. , Robins Lauren B. , Johnson Kaprea F. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThere remains a need for counselors well‐prepared to work with ex‐offenders. As counselors aim to meet ethical obligations toward advocacy, they often seek to address social determinants of health (SDOH) challenges. Those working with ex‐offenders should be aware of unique employment challenges ex‐offenders may face and possess a baseline knowledge of the justice system for pertinent collaboration. This paper provides an explanation of how the Systems Theory Framework may be used to address ex‐offenders’ employment‐related needs through addressing SDOH challenges and collaborating with the justice system. Implications for employment counselors, counselor educators, and supervisors and steps for future research conclude.
Dietary collagen peptide‐chelated trace elements supplementation for breeder hens improves the intestinal health of chick offspring
Authors: Liu Yongfa , Li Simeng , Huang Zhenwu , Dai Hongjian , Shi Fangxiong , Lv Zengpeng 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDDietary supplementation with trace elements zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) could promote intestinal development and improve intestinal health. There are, however, few studies examining the possibility that maternal original Zn, Fe and Mn could regulate intestinal development and barrier function in the offspring. This study aimed to investigate how the intestinal growth and barrier function of breeder offspring were affected by collagen peptide‐chelated trace elements (PTE; Zn, Fe, Mn).RESULTSPTE supplementation in the diet of breeder hens increased the concentrations of Zn, Fe and Mn in egg yolk. Maternal PTE supplementation improved morphological parameters of the intestine (villi height, crypt depth and villi height/crypt depth) and upregulated the mRNA expression level of leucine‐rich repeat‐containing G protein‐coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5) in the ileum of chick embryos. Furthermore, maternal PTE effect improved villi height/crypt depth of offspring at 1 and 14 days of age, and upregulated Lgr5, Claudin‐3 and E‐cadherin mRNA expression in the broiler ileum. Additionally, PTE treatment could enhance the intestinal microbial diversity of offspring. Maternal PTE supplementation increased the relative abundance of Clostridiales at the genus level and decreased the relative abundance of Enterococcus in newborn offspring. Moreover, maternal PTE supplementation ameliorated the elevated nuclear factor kappa B, toll‐like receptor 4 and interleukin 1β mRNA expression in the ileum of offspring caused by LPS challenge.CONCLUSIONMaternal PTE supplementation could promote intestinal development and enhance the intestinal barrier function of chicken offspring. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Construction of circ_0071922‐miR‐15a‐5p‐mRNA network in intervertebral disc degeneration by RNA‐sequencing
Authors: Li Yongjin , Wang Baobao , Sun Wenzhi , Kong Chao , Ding Junzhe , Hu Feng , Li Jianhua , Chen Xiaolong , Lu Shibao 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundLow back pain (LBP) is the main factor of global disease burden. Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has long been known as the leading reason of LBP. Increasing studies have verified that circular RNAs (circRNAs)‐microRNAs (miRNAs)‐mRNAs network is widely involved in the pathological processes of IVDD. However, no study was made to demonstrate the circRNAs‐mediated ferroptosis, oxidative stress, extracellular matrix metabolism, and immune response in IVDD.MethodsWe collected 3 normal and 3 degenerative nucleus pulposus tissues to conduct RNA‐sequencing to identify the key circRNAs and miRNAs in IVDD. Bioinformatics analysis was then conducted to construct circRNAs‐miRNAs‐mRNAs interaction network associated with ferroptosis, oxidative stress, extracellular matrix metabolism, and immune response. We also performed animal experiments to validate the therapeutic effects of key circRNAs in IVDD.ResultsWe found that circ_0015435 was most obviously upregulated and circ_0071922 was most obviously downregulated in IVDD using RNA‐sequencing. Then we observed that hsa‐miR‐15a‐5p was the key downstream of circ_0071922, and hsa‐miR‐15a‐5p was the top upregulated miRNA in IVDD. Bioinformatics analysis was conducted to predict that 56 immunity‐related genes, 29 ferroptosis‐related genes, 23 oxidative stress‐related genes and 8 ECM‐related genes are the targets mRNAs of hsa‐miR‐15a‐5p. Then we constructed a ceRNA network encompassing 24 circRNAs, 6 miRNAs, and 101 mRNAs. Additionally, we demonstrated that overexpression of circ_0071922 can alleviate IVDD progression in a rat model.ConclusionsThe findings of this study suggested that circ_0071922‐miR‐15a‐5p‐mRNA signaling network might affect IVDD by modulating the nucleus pulposus cells ferroptosis, oxidative stress, ECM metabolism, and immune response, which is an effective therapeutic targets of IVDD.
Multisample Ultrasound Point Shear Wave Elastography of the Liver
Authors: Dillman Jonathan R. , Trout Andrew T. 
Published: August 2023

ObjectiveTo characterize the technical performance of a multisample ultrasound point shear wave elastography (pSWE) technique that allows 15 individual measurements of liver stiffness in a single acquisition.MethodsIn 56 overweight and obese adults, research ultrasound examinations were performed using conventional pSWE and multisample pSWE (Sequoia; Siemens Healthineers). Five independent measurements were acquired with the conventional technique over five consecutive breath holds (5C1 and DAX transducers). A single multisample acquisition (DAX transducer) of up to 15 unique measurements was acquired during a single breath hold. All imaging was performed before (baseline) and after a “coffee break” (repeat). Median liver stiffness measurements between techniques and between baseline and repeat imaging were compared using Pearson correlation (r) and intra‐class correlation (ICC) coefficients.ResultsMean participant age was 33.7 ± 11.4 years; 40 participants were female. There was high correlation between conventional pSWE measurements obtained using the 5C1 and DAX transducers at baseline (r = .75 [95% CI: 0.61–0.85], P < .0001) and repeat (r = .88 [95% CI: 0.78–0.92], P < .0001). There was moderate agreement between conventional pSWE measurements obtained using the 5C1 and DAX transducers at baseline (ICC = 0.69 [95% CI: 0.52–0.81]), and good agreement at repeat (ICC = 0.81 [95% CI: 0.65–0.90]). There was moderate correlation (r = .59 [95% CI: 0.39–0.74], P < .0001) and moderate agreement (ICC = 0.58 [95% CI: 0.38–0.73]) between baseline conventional and multisample pSWE measurements acquired using the DAX transducer; there was high correlation (r = .73 [95% CI: 0.57–0.83], P < .0001) and moderate agreement (ICC = 0.72 [95% CI: 0.56–0.82] between techniques at repeat. There was moderate correlation (r = .65 [95% CI: 0.46–0.78], P < .0001) and moderate agreement (ICC = 0.64 [95% CI: 0.45–0.77]) between baseline and repeat multisample pSWE measurements.ConclusionsMultisample pSWE, allowing up to 15 measurements in a single breath hold, showed moderate to high correlation and moderate agreement with conventional pSWE.
Investigation and analysis of high risk factors of falls in hospitalised patients after vascular surgery
Authors: Bai Yuan , Zhang Xiao‐Hong , He Fang , Li Zhuo‐Xia , Li Min , Yu Ying 
Published: August 2023

AbstractAimTo analyse the risk factors for falls in vascular patients and methods to mitigate fall risk in hospitalised patients receiving vascular surgery.DesignThis study is a multicentre, retrospective study.MethodsA total of 112 inpatients that underwent vascular surgery in five hospitals in Shanxi Province from April 2018 to April 2022 were selected. They were divided into two groups according to whether they had fallen or not; 56 patients who fell were taken as the observation group and 56 patients who did not fall were taken as the control group. The risk factors of falls were analysed by univariate and logistic regression.ResultsThere was no significant difference between the observation and the control groups in male patients and the incidence of falls without family members. In the observation group, the percentage of patients aged ≥65 years old, with a history of falls and/or fractures, long‐term medications and a history of osteoporosis was higher than in the control group and showed a statistically significant difference. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that advanced age, a history of falls and fractures, long‐term medications and a history of osteoporosis were independent risk factors for falls, and the differences were statistically significant.ConclusionOlder age, a history of falls and/or fractures, continuous medication for more than 3 months and a history of osteoporosis are the risk factors for falls in hospitalised patients undergoing vascular surgery.
EXIST: EXamining rIsk of excesS adiposiTy—Machine learning to predict obesity‐related complications
Authors: Turchin Alexander , Morrison Fritha J. , Shubina Maria , Lipkovich Ilya , Shinde Shraddha , Ahmad Nadia N. , Kan Hong 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBackgroundObesity is associated with an increased risk of multiple conditions, ranging from heart disease to cancer. However, there are few predictive models for these outcomes that have been developed specifically for people with overweight/obesity.ObjectiveTo develop predictive models for obesity‐related complications in patients with overweight and obesity.MethodsElectronic health record data of adults with body mass index 25–80 kg/m2 treated in primary care practices between 2000 and 2019 were utilized to develop and evaluate predictive models for nine long‐term clinical outcomes using a) Lasso‐Cox models and b) a machine‐learning method random survival forests (RSF). Models were trained on a training dataset and evaluated on a test dataset over 100 replicates. Parsimonious models of <10 variables were also developed using Lasso‐Cox.ResultsOver a median follow‐up of 5.6 years, study outcome incidence in the cohort of 433,272 patients ranged from 1.8% for knee replacement to 11.7% for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Harrell C‐index averaged over replicates ranged from 0.702 for liver outcomes to 0.896 for death for RSF, and from 0.694 for liver outcomes to 0.891 for death for Lasso‐Cox. The Harrell C‐index for parsimonious models ranged from 0.675 for liver outcomes to 0.850 for knee replacement.ConclusionsPredictive modeling can identify patients at high risk of obesity‐related complications. Interpretable Cox models achieve results close to those of machine learning methods and could be helpful for population health management and clinical treatment decisions.
Investigating the adhesion and rheological properties of metal organic framework incorporated polyester fiber/zeolite imidazolium salt framework‐67‐modified asphalt composite
Authors: He Lu , Ren Denghui , Muhammad Yaseen , Lai Fang , Pei Ruinan , Zhao Zhenxia , Yang Qingzhao , Li Jing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractUtilizing efficient and cost‐effective modifiers is essential for the development of high‐performance asphalt materials. In this study, a polydopamine (PDA) chelated cobalt ion (Co2+)‐assisted in situ growth strategy was employed to anchor nanoporous zeolite imidazolium salt framework‐67 (ZIF‐67) on polyester (PET) fiber substrates for the preparation of styrene‐butadiene‐styrene block copolymer‐modified asphalt (SBS‐MA). Experimental results indicated that optimal fiber incorporation of 1.5% led to the best interfacial interaction at the modified asphalt fracture section. ZIF‐67 nanoporous structure acted as an organic–inorganic hybridization interfacial layer to enhance the fiber–asphalt interfacial interaction. The adhesion work of the modified fiber with SBS‐MA increased by 42.12%. Furthermore, the adhesion work, peeling work, and compatibility ratio of modified asphalt with aggregates were also improved. Similarly, the complex modulus of the 1.5% ZIF‐67–PDA–PET/SBS‐MA at 46°C was increased by 131.30% in comparison with that of the pristine SBS‐MA. More importantly, the synergistic effect of the highly thermally stable PET fibers and ZIF‐67 nanocrystals improved the thermal decomposition of SBS‐MA. These results suggest that ZIF‐67–PDA–PET fiber holds great promise for application in designing novel materials for the construction industry.
Nanocellulose‐based soft actuators and their applications
Authors: Cui Yande , Lin Jiehan , Wu Yuting , Chen Mingqi , Yang Xuefeng , Chang Chunyu 
Published: August 2023

AbstractNanocellulose has aroused growing attention in the design and fabrication of multifarious soft actuators thanks to its abundant source, appropriate mechanical properties, and sustainability. In this mini‐review, an up‐to‐date account of recent progresses in nanocellulose‐based actuators with homogeneous and heterogeneous structures is provided. The fundamental design concepts and synthesis strategies for nanocellulose‐based soft actuators with a wide array of micro‐architecture are described. Moreover, their actuation mechanisms, structure–function relationships, and emerging applications in the fields of soft robotics, biomedical science and bioelectronics are highlighted. Finally, a brief conclusion, the current challenges, and future perspectives in the development of nanocellulose‐based actuators is presented. This mini‐review provides new insights into the fundamental research and the technological application of advanced nanocellulose‐based soft actuators.
Effect of fertilization on the degradation and enantioselectivity of fipronil in soil
Authors: Zhang Leihong , Zhang Yirong , Li Jindong , Qi Yanli , Li Li , Qin Kaikai , Lu Yongyue , Liu Chenglan 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBACKGROUNDFertilizers and pesticides are commonly used simultaneously in agriculture. However, the effects of common fertilizers on the dissipation, enantioselectivity, and metabolites of the chiral insecticide fipronil in soil are yet to be reported.RESULTAn enantioselective method for detecting fipronil enantiomers and their metabolites in different soil matrices was developed using ultra‐performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‐MS/MS). The results showed that organic and compound fertilizers significantly decreased the degradation of S‐ and R‐fipronil, whereas phosphate and microbial fertilizers slightly reduced fipronil dissipation. The half‐life values for S‐ and R‐fipronil were 43.3 and 28.9 days, 99.0 and 63.0 days, 69.3 and 43.3 days, 46.2 and 30.1 days, and 43.3 and 31.5 days, respectively, in the control and the four fertilizer treatments, respectively. The enantioselectivity of fipronil enantiomers occurred and R‐fipronil exhibited preferential degradation with an enantiomeric fraction (EF) of 0.4900–0.6238 in all treatments; but the four tested fertilizers decreased enantioselectivity with EF values changed from 0.4970 to 0.6238 in the control to 0.4900–0.6171 in fertilizer treatments. Two metabolites, fipronil sulfone and sulfide, were produced, and their amounts increased with culture time in all treatments. Fertilization reduced the content of fipronil sulfide and sulfone but hardly reduced the total amount of fipronil and its metabolites.CONCLUSIONFertilizers affect the environmental behavior of fipronil in the soil. Fertilization alters the soil bacterial community, which may be an important factor. This influence is relatively complicated and should be comprehensively considered in the environmental risk assessment of pesticides. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.