bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Utilization of Local Grass Cynodon dactylon for Football Field Rehabilitation and Minimizing the Incidence of Injuries
Authors: Rahayu Rahayu , Mujiyo Mujiyo , Herdiansyah Ganjar , Herawati Aktavia , Sutarno Sutarno , Yang Geun Mo , Hardian Tiara , Istiqomah Nanda Mei , Irmawati Viviana , Romadhon Muhammad Rizky , Hasanah Khalyfah , Anggita Akas 
Published: April 2023

The problems faced are uneven football field surface, uneven grass growth, many pebbles and boulders, stagnant and muddy during the rainy season and fractures in the soil during the dry season which make the field not of a good standard for use and have an impact on the incidence of injuries to field users. This study aims to improve the quality of grass for football field using quality local grass <em>Cynodon dactylon</em> in order to overcome the problem of bad fields and avoid field’s users injury. The method is through field rehabilitation technology by improving the surface design and soil media profile as well as the use of quality local grass. The rehabilitation technology includes improving the surface of the field to improve drainage by designing a “<em>geger sapi</em>” shape. The assessment of the rehabilitation results used a qualitative approach with a questionnaire survey to the local community of field users. The results of field grass rehabilitation make the quality of grass in the field after rehabilitation better growth by 45%, perception grass quality was very good by 43%, the surface of the field is flatter, no gravel and surface rocks are found so the flooded were not found by 83%. Field conditions with better grass quality also reduce the frequency of injuries incidents of player during competition about 61%. Hence, field grass rejuvenation benefits the environment and public health. This great benefit will increase the comfort and closeness between the local community.
Current State and Prospects for Development of Head Lighting for Vehicles. Part 2. Advanced Designs for Vehicle Headlights
Authors: Sernov S. P. , Balokhonov D. V. , Konicheva L. M. 
Published: April 2023

As it has been shown in part 1 of this paper, modern head lighting, due to objective design flaws, does not always meet the requirements of existing international standards, which means a decrease in road safety. To eliminate the previously Multibeam type. These types of headlights are currently either undergoing the stage of production tests or are used in extremely limited batches of vehicles in terms of the number of produced units. According with the results of this analysis, recommendations have been formulated for the design of advanced head lighting. The main of these recommendations is the use of single high-power LEDs with total internal reflection reflectors, which will provide a sharp cut-off border with efficient use of the source light flux. To increase the resistance of the headlight to temperature rise, it is proposed to use LEDs or other economical light sources together with phosphor parts. It is shown that adaptability is a useful but optional property of vehicle headlights, since it leads to complicate the design, and this is not always justified. The advantages of the headlight, created taking into account the above recommendations, are described, the main of which are the simplification of its design, reduction in weight and improvement of the thermal parameters of the product.
Predictive and Simultaneous Weighting of Criteria and Alternatives (PSWCA) in Multi-Criteria Decision Making Based on Past Data
Authors: Pazhouhandeh Arash , samouei Parvaneh 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
The emergence of sophisticated technologies and economic competition in recent decades has led to the increasing importance of decision-making about the future of organizations. Deciding in the future based on past knowledge may not guarantee the best choice, but it can guide decision-makers in the right direction. In this study, we present an innovative technique for ranking alternatives and weighting criteria simultaneously based on past data. In this method, it is possible for the reference weight to be affected by other weighting methods, and more accurate weights are assigned to the criteria. All records are considered to evaluate alternatives regarding criteria. Subsequently, the scatter and the starting point of changes are characterized. Finally, the nonlinear mathematical model determines the reference weight coefficients (i.e. the weight with the least difference from the coefficient values) and the final score of the alternatives. Finally, the efficiency of the PSWCA method is obtained on four real-world samples, and the results are compared with other methods.
Multidrug Resistance and Virulence Gene Profile of Non Typhoidal Salmonella Isolates from Poultry Enteritis in Semi-arid Region of India
Authors: Sain Arpita , Sharma Deepak Kumar , Singathia Rajesh , Gaurav Abhishek , Patidar Chaman , Suthar PrabuRam , Rathore Karishma , Juneja Rohit 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background and Objectives: The present study has determined the serological diversity, virulence gene and antibiotic resistance gene profile, and in-vitro antibiogram of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) from poultry enteritis in semiarid area of Rajasthan, India
Methods: Organized poultry farms, from six districts of semiarid regions of Rajasthan were tested for presence of Salmonella serovars. Thirty Salmonella enterica strains, were screened for the presence of 15 virulence genes by PCR. Further, resistance to eight antibiotics was tested phenotypically by Kirby–Bauer method and genotypically by PCR.
Results: NTS were isolated from 78.17%( N= 178/151) samples. These were serologically belonged to . S. Typhimurium (51 strains), S. Weltevreden (90 strains) and untypable (10 strains). Out of these, Thirty Salmonella strains (S. Weltevreden, ten strains, Salmonella Typhimurium ten strains and two untypable strains) were subjected to virulence gene profiling and phenotypic tests. Eleven virulence genes i.e. invA, hilA, sivH, tolC, agfA, lpfA, spaN, pagC, spiA, iroN and fliC genes were present in all the 30 isolates. While, sopE was present in only 2 isolates but spvC, cdtB and sefA were not detected in any of the isolates. Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed multidrug resistance in 70% (N=21/30) of the Salmonella isolates. All twenty-one multidrug resistant Salmonella stains were tested for presence of antimicrobial resistant genes i.e. blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M, tet(A), tet(B), tet(C), sul1, sul2, sul3. blaTEM and tet(A) which were present in 95% (20/21) isolates and sul2 gene was present in all isolates.
Conclusion: NTS strains with characteristics of pathogenicity and multidrug resistance from poultry enteritis were detected. These virulent salmonella strains may be responsible for causing poultry enteritis. These NTS strains have zoonotic implications and multidrug resistance showed necessity of prudent use of antibiotics in poultry industry.
Study of Internal Exposure Biomarkers of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Authors: Yan Pan , Kong Lingfei , Qin Tuo , Luo Zhonggeng , Zhang Xiaona , Tie Cai 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Due to the high exposure toxicity and individual variability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), it is difficult to accurately characterize the actual exposure of exposed individuals through external exposure detection. In this study, the monohydroxyl metabolites of naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene and 9-fluorenone were identified in the urine of low-dose PAH-exposed individuals based on ultra-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS), and their concentrations were monitored for 15 consecutive days after exposure. The results showed that the metabolite concentrations of naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene were basically the same, and all of them reached the maximum value at day 8. In contrast, the metabolite of 9-fluorenone reached its maximum value on day 2. This study showed that the four metabolites were strongly correlated with their parent PAH exposure, with a wide detection window, and their assays were specific, sensitive, and reliable, while the sampling difficulty was low, so the four hydroxylated PAHs may be potential low-dose biomarkers of PAH internal exposure. This study will provide methodological and data support for further health risk studies involving internal exposure to organic pollutants such as PAHs.
Two-way fluid-structure interaction for longitudinal vibration of a loaded elastic rod within a multiphase fluid flow
Authors: Tarmigh Mehrnoosh , Behbahani-Nejad Morteza , Hajidavalloo Ebrahim 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

This paper presents a novel approach for simulating the interaction of long elastic rod strings and the corresponding fluid flow around in sucker rod pump systems. The governing equations of transient multiphase fluid flow are coupled with those of the rod string deformation to improve the numerical analysis of sucker rod pump behavior. For the first time, transient water-oil-gas multiphase fluid flow containing dissolved gas is related to the rod cyclic loads by the proposed numerical simulation. The mathematical model derived incorporates the dynamics of the rod string and the multiphase fluid flow. Downhole loading of the rod is applied based on the transient pressures of the moving gas-liquid flow in the annular space and the barrel under the plunger, considering different modes of pump operation. A two-way algorithm for fluid and solid zones is developed to enhance the performance of the current simulation and reduce the complexity of solving process. Several test cases have been analyzed using the proposed simulation method. The obtained results show good agreement when they are compared and validated with the available numerical and experimental results.
Investigation of Organic and Inorganic Substances Pollutions of the Marmara Sea Sediments Between Gemlik (Bursa) - Bandirma (Balikesir) Regions and the Effect of Marine Pollution on Foraminifera
Authors: Yümün Zeki Ünal , Önce-Nişancioğlu Melike 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

This study aims to evaluate the relationship between organic and inorganic substances in the recently observed pollution in the Sea of Marmara. The heavy metal analysis results of the sediments taken from the sea were interpreted by quality assessment methods [Enrichment Factor (EF), Contamination Factor (Cf), Pollution Loading Index (PLI), Geological Accumulation Index (I-geo), Ecological Risk Index (Er) and Pollution Index (PI)]. In almost all of the assessment methods, we determined that some locations are heavily polluted and some locations are moderately polluted. Polluted spots are the sea areas adjacent to the Gemlik and Bandırma locations and the areas where wastewater is discharged into the sea. In the current period, the primary sources of pollution in the Sea of Marmara are domestic and industrial wastewater discharged directly or indirectly into the sea. Secondary sources are ship traffic and agricultural activities. In addition, we observed that the main causes of eutrophication and mucilage, which are observed frequently in the Marmara Sea, are organic matter and heavy metal pollution.
Biodegradable trimethyl chitosan nanofiber mats as bioabsorbable dressings for wound closure and healing
Authors: Anisiei Alexandru , Andreica Bianca-Iustina , Mititelu-Tartau Liliana , Coman Corneliu G. , Bilyy Rostyslav , Bila Galyna , Rosca Irina , Sandu Andreea-Isabela , Amler Evžen , Marin Luminita 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background Quaternary chitosan based fibers have emerged as promising biomaterials for tissue engineering, wound healing and hygiene related textiles, but their in vivo application is restricted by the lack of biodegradability of the synthetic polymers used as co-spinning agents. Herein, we report fully biodegradable chitosan/N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC) nanofibers prepared via electrospinning, when using poly(ethylene glycol) as sacrificial additive, as potential bioabsorbable wound dressings.Methods The composition and morphology of the fiber mats was confirmed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, thermogravimetric analysis, wide angle X-ray diffraction, polarized optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Their properties required for in vivo application, such as behavior in moisture media (dynamic vapor sorption, swelling and enzymatic degradation tests), muco- and bio-adhesive character, mechanical properties and antimicrobial activity were measured. The in vitro biocompatibility on normal human dermal fibroblasts was investigated in line with standards for biomedical devices and in vivo acute toxicity and biocompatibility was assessed by monitoring hematological, biochemical and immunological profile on Wistar rats. Wound closure and healing was studied on burn wound healing models in rats.Results The combination of chitosan with its TMC derivative into nanofibers enabled high swelling ability and fluid exchange, biodegradability rate controlled by the TMC content and pH of media, muco- and bio-adhesive character, mechanical properties similar to skin tissue, strong antimicrobial activity against relevant pathogens and in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility. Moreover, their subcutaneous implantation in rats revealed in vivo biodegradation and lack of toxicity. As a proof of concept, the fiber mats application on burn wound healing models in rats showed wound closure and active healing, with fully restoration of epithelia.Conclusions The use of poly(ethylene glycol) with double role, electrospinning and sacrificial additive, is a straight pathway to the obtaining of chitosan/TMC nanofibers. The combination of chitosan with its N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan derivative into nanofiber mats provide a bioabsorbable bandage which favors rapid wound closure and fully restoration of the skin tissue.
Recreational disturbance of river sediments during baseflow deteriorates microbial water quality
Authors: Pattis Isabelle , Moriarty Elaine , Anderson Juliet , McIntosh Angus , Gilpin Brent 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Recreational water quality of rivers is typically assessed by microbial analysis of indicator organisms such as Escherichia coli and enterococci in samples collected directly from the water column, implying that risk to public health comes from free-floating microorganisms. In New Zealand, the Recreational Water Quality Guidelines apply certain E. coli concentration thresholds to categorize results into ‘meet guidelines’ (≤ 260 cfu E. coli 100 mL− 1), ‘alert level’ and ‘action level’ (≥ 550 cfu E. coli 100 mL− 1). The impairment of water quality due to resuspended riverbed sediment under flood conditions has been widely recognized. However, the potential risks posed by sediment-linked microorganisms associated with river recreational activities under base flow are less appreciated. We evaluated the water quality of 30 rivers in Canterbury, New Zealand, during base flow conditions prior to and after artificially stirring the sediment. Bacterial and protozoan indicators, pathogens, water quality and land use in surrounding areas were examined. While 71% of water samples (n = 64) met New Zealand Recreational Water guidelines prior to stirring, only 39% of samples (n = 35) met the guidelines after stirring. E. coli levels increased by 110% or more following sediment stirring. Campylobacter were detected in every river at least once, and increases were observed following stirring. We conclude that sediment-associated microbes become suspended by recreational activities and may pose a considerable risk to river users. To ensure public health is protected authorities should assess microorganisms in both sediment and water samples to rate the microbiological risk of recreational water use.
Psychobiological stress in South Sudan: Post-traumatic stress symptoms and emotion dysregulation during chronic political conflict
Authors: Lee Kellie Ann , Beranbaum Sarah , Khedari-DePierro Vivian , Yates Ellen H , Yacevich Ilya , Shankar Anita , Enosa Condition Emmanuel , D'Andrea Wendy 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

BackgroundMass conflict and related displacement in South Sudan has created a significant mental health need, however extant research on the impact of conflict is limited among South Sudanese people and has predominantly relied on Western-developed self report measures.MethodA total of 195 South Sudanese adults who work in both civil society and government leadership positions participated in a psychophysiological assessment of heart rate variability and self-reported PTSD and emotion dysregulation symptoms to participation in the Trauma-Informed Community Empowerment (TICE) Framework, developed and implemented by the Global Trauma Project (GTP). We utilized measures of heart rate variability to determine sympathetic and parasympathetic activity, both of which may be associated with difficulties responding to stressors as well as long-term physical health morbidity and mortality.ResultsFindings suggest pervasive difficulties in emotion regulation abilities among all participants and, consistent with the existing literature on PTSD in South Sudan, over a third of participants meet the clinical cut-off for PTSD. The majority of participants’ physiological profiles indicate unexpected levels of parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system activity given age and gender norms, demonstrating a sample with serious health risk. Participants within healthy parasympathetic norms report greater disturbance in emotion regulation abilities, while those in and above increasing concern levels report less distress, suggesting that parasympathetic activity may facilitate emotion regulation, albeit at risk of “overcompensating”.ConclusionsThese results demonstrate the feasibility and utility of using a multimethod approach to assessment in a community-based environment and highlight the psychophysiological burden of chronic socio-political strife.
Prevalence and risk factors associated with hepatitis B and C infection among patients with Non- Communicable Diseases in three rural Rwandan districts: A retrospective cross-sectional study
Authors: Musafiri Tumusime , Kamali Innocent , Kayihura Casmille , Gakuru Jean Paix , Nyirahabihirwe Francoise , Nizeyimana Esdras , Kandamage Pilar , Habinshuti Placide , Sekagarura Raymond , Makuza Jean Damascene , Karema Nadine , Serumondo Janvier , Ntakirutimana Theoneste , Ndahimana Jean d'Amour , Barnhart Dale A 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Introduction: Rwanda’s Hepatitis C elimination campaign has relied on mass screening campaigns. An alternative “micro-elimination” strategy, which focuses on specific segments of the population such as non-communicable disease (NCD) patients, could be a more efficient approach to identifying patients and linking them to care.
Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study used routine data collected during a targeted screening campaign among NCD patients in Kirehe, Kayonza, and Burera districts of Rwanda and patients receiving oncology services from the Butaro District Hospital. The campaign used rapid diagnostic tests to screen for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and Hepatitis C antibody (anti-HCV). We reported prevalence and 95% confidence intervals for HBsAg and anti-HCV, assessed for associations between patients’ clinical programs and hepatitis B and C, and reported outcomes along the cascade of care for the two diseases.
Results: out of 7,622 were NCD patients, 3398 (45.9%) of whom self-reported a prior hepatitis screening. Prevalence of HBsAg was 2.0% (95% CI: 1.7%-2.3%) and anti-HCV was 6.7% (95% CI: 6.2%-7.3%). The prevalence of HBsAg was significantly higher among patients younger than 40 years (2.4%). Increased age was significantly associated with anti-HCV (12.0% among patients ≥70 years). Of the 148 individuals who screened positive for HbsAg, 124 had viral load results returned, 102 had detectable viral loads (median viral load: 451 UI/mL), 9 were eligible for treatment, and three were linked to care of the 507 individuals who screened positive for anti-HCV, 468 had their viral load results returned (median viral load: 1,130,000 UI/mL), 304 had detectable viral loads, and 230 were linked to care.
Conclusion: Anti-HCV prevalence among Rwandan patients with NCD was high, likely due to their older age. Findings of this study indicated that HBsAg was high concentrated among NCD patients below 40 years maybe as consequence of their sexual behavior at late adolescent age. Repeated screening and elevated hepatitis risk among repeat screeners suggests suboptimal linkage to hepatitis treatment. NCD-HCV co-infected patients had high HCV viral loads and may be at risk of poor outcomes from hepatitis C. Hepatitis C micro-elimination campaigns among NCD patients are a feasible and acceptable strategy to enhance case detection in this high-prevalence population with elevated viral loads and may support linkage to care for hepatitis C among elderly populations.
Menstrual Health and Hygiene Amongst Adolescent Girls and Women of Reproductive Age: A Cross Sectional Study From Odisha, India
Authors: Panda Nishisipa , Desaraju Shyama , Panigrahy Rudra Prasad , Ghosh Upasona , Saxena Shipra , Singh Pratibha , Panda Bhuputra 
Published: April 2023

Abstract

Background- Menstruation is a major physiological change in a woman's life, but lack of knowledge, poor practices, socio-cultural barriers, poor access to products and their improper disposal have significant consequences on health, dignity and well-being of women and adolescent girls.
Objectives-This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practices related to menstrual health and hygiene amongst females of 10-49 years of age; explore the experiences and challenges of women during menstruation; and identify the key predictors of healthy menstrual health and hygiene.
Methods- Using a cross-sectional study design, we adopted a mixed methods approach for data collection. For quantitative household survey, a total of 921 respondents were selected from three districts of Odisha. Qualitative findings through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews supplemented the survey findings and helped to identify the barriers affecting good menstrual practices. Epi data version 2.5 and R 4.2.2 was used for data entry and data analysis, respectively. Descriptive statistics was used to calculate proportion, mean and standard deviation; Chi square test was used to measure the association between categorical variables. Bivariate and multivariate logistics analyses were done to identify predictors of healthy menstrual health and hygiene.
Results-For 74.3% respondents, mothers were the primary source of information; about 61% respondents were using sanitary pad. The mean age at menarche was 12.9 years and almost 46% of respondents did not receive any information about menstruation before menarche. Lower age and education up to higher secondary level or above had statistically significant associations with the knowledge about menstruation. Age, caste, mother’s education, sanitation facility, and availability of water were found to be strongly associated with good menstrual hygiene practices.
Conclusion-Traditional beliefs regarding menstruation still persists at the community level. Educating mothers, increasing awareness about safe menstrual hygiene, providing adequate water and sanitation facilities and ensuring proper disposal of menstruation products need priority attention.