bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Catholyte engineering to release the capacity of iodide for high‐energy‐density iodine‐based redox flow batteries
Authors: Lu Bo , Yang Minghui , Ding Mei , Yan Su , Xiang Weizhe , Cheng Yuanhang , Fu Hu , Xu Zhizhao , Jia Chuankun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDue to the high solubility, high reversibility, and low cost of iodide, iodine‐based redox flow batteries (RFBs) are considered to have great potential for upscaling energy storage. However, their further development has been limited by the low capacity of I− as one‐third of the I− is used to form I3− (I2I−) during the charging process. Herein, we have demonstrated that the pseudohalide ion, thiocyanate (SCN−), is a promising complexing agent for catholyte of iodine‐based RFBs to free up the I− by forming iodine‐thiocyanate ions ([I2SCN]−) instead of I3−, unlocking the capacity of iodide. Applying this strategy, we have demonstrated iodine‐based RFBs with full utilization of iodide to achieve high capacity and high energy density. Both the zinc/iodine RFB and polysulfide/iodine RFB with SCN− complex agent achieve their theoretical capacity of around 160 A h Lposolyte−1 (6.0 M I− in catholyte). Therefore, the zinc/iodine RFB delivers a high energy density of 221.34 W h Lposolyte−1, and the polysulfide/iodine RFB achieves a highenergy density of 165.62 W h Lposolyte−1. It is believed that this effective catholyte engineering can be further generalized to other iodine‐based RFBs, offering new opportunities to unlock the capacity of iodide and achieve high energy density for energy storage.
Polystyrene nanoplastics induce haematotoxicity with cell oxeiptosis and senescence involved in C57BL/6J mice
Authors: Guo Xiaoli , Cheng Cheng , Wang Lin , Li Dongbei , Fan Ruihua , Wei Xudong 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNanoplastics (NPs) has become a worrying serious environmental problem. However, the toxicological effects and mechanisms of NPs on hematopoiesis are still unknown. To this end, male C57BL/6J mice were directly exposed to the serial concentration gradient of polystyrene NPs (PSNPs, 0, 30, 60, and 120 μg d), respectively, for 42 days by intragastric administration. Results show that PSNPs were clearly visible in bone tissues, meanwhile, induced the count of major blood indicators (WBC, RBC, and LYM) decreased. H&E staining displayed that exposed to PSNPs can cause hematopoietic damage of BM and extramedullary hematopoiesis in spleen. Flow cytometry result show that the proportion of LSK represented a dose‐dependent significantly decreased after PSNPs exposure. Further research found that PSNPs can cause the systemic oxidative stress occurs manifested as MDA accumulated. In addition, as the dose of PSNPs increased, the fluorescence intensity of Keap1 and p53 in femur sections gradually increased, meanwhile, the expression of cell oxeiptosis signal pathway Keap1/PGAM5/AIFM1 and the cell senescence signal pathway p53/p21 was all increased, markedly. Overall, our study demonstrated that PSNPs exposure caused oxidative stress, potentially resulting in cell oxeiptosis and senescence to develop haematotoxicity in C57BL/6J mice.
Circular RNA nuclear receptor interacting protein 1 promoted biliary tract cancer epithelial‐mesenchymal transition and stemness by regulating the miR‐515‐5p/AKT2 axis and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway
Authors: Gao Xin , Yu Shaobo , Liu Sidi , Zhang Siyuan , Sha Xiangjun , Sun Dongsheng , Jiang Xingming 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBiliary tract cancer (BTC) is a devastating malignancy that is notoriously difficult to diagnose and is associated with high mortality. Circular RNA (circRNA) is a class of endogenous non‐coding RNA which has been regarded as the key regulator of tumor initiation and progression, including BTC. Circular RNA nuclear receptor interacting protein 1 (circ_NRIP1), as a circular RNA, is abnormally expressed in many human tumors and exhibits diverse functions in cancer progression. However, its biological significance in BTC has not been thoroughly investigated. In this research, we elucidated that circ_NRIP1 was notably overexpressed in both BTC tissues and cells. We further established a correlation between circ_NRIP1 expression and clinicopathological features in BTC patients, highlighting its clinical relevance. Through functional assays, we observed that knockdown of circ_NRIP1 significantly inhibited tumor cell proliferation, invasion, stemness maintenance, and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, indicating its active involvement in promoting BTC progression. Additionally, it attenuated growth of xenograft and metastasis models. Mechanically, we revealed that circ_NRIP1 served as the competing endogenous RNA to sequester miR‐515‐5p through complementary base pairing mechanism, thereby upregulated AKT2 expression and indirectly activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Generally, targeting the circ_NRIP1/miR‐515‐5p/AKT2 axis and aberrant activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway may hold promising therapeutic strategies for BTC. Our research contributes to a better understanding of the underlying biological basis of BTC and paves the way for the development of innovative treatment approaches.
The market reaction to operational risk events in the energy sector
Authors: Kalatha Sofia , Dontis-Charitos Panagiotis , Kosmidou Kyriaki , Andriosopoulos Kostas 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDespite the growing importance of operational risk, little is known about the impact of operational losses on the stock prices of energy firms. We fill this void by examining the market reaction of energy firms to a unique international sample of 452 operational loss events announced between 1996 and 2021, constructed using the SAS OpRisk Global Data database. Our results reveal negative and significant abnormal returns following the announcement of operational losses, while further analysis shows that results vary with event and/or announcing firm characteristics. Our evidence can help inform multiple stakeholders in the energy industry in the pricing, asset allocation, and risk management functions, as well as help regulators design effective mechanisms to mitigate the impact of operational losses on the economy and society.
Bulk characterization of highly structured tissue paper based on 2D and 3D evaluation methods
Authors: Reitbauer Jürgen , Machado Charry Eduardo , Eckhart Rene , Sözeri Cemile , Bauer Wolfgang 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe structure of the fibre network in tissue paper can be complex and difficult to analyze, due to the presence of superimposed structures such as creping and patterns that occur, for example, in through-air-dried (TAD) tissue. Properties like high absorbency, a pleasant handfeel, and strength-related characteristics are closely related to the fibre network structure. Therefore, in addition to standard tissue testing methods, techniques that provide insights into the intrinsic properties of the tissue fibre network are essential for a deeper understanding and potential for further optimization. In this study, we utilized 2D cross-sectional images and 3D X-ray microtomography ($$\mu$$μ-CT) to evaluate and quantify the intrinsic properties of highly structured TAD tissue. We compared the results obtained from these two methods, focusing on intrinsic thickness, porosity, and the fibre volume to fibre surface area (Fv/Fs) ratio. The open structure of the fibre network, fabric patterns, creping, and protruding fibres make it challenging to define bulk boundaries. Therefore, we examined the effect of different bulk expansion diameters on intrinsic properties. This procedure allows to quantify the effects of under- and overestimation of bulk boundaries, and to determine which regions within the fibre network are affected by bulk expansion. In terms of intrinsic thickness, both 2D and 3D evaluations show similar trends, which facilitates direct comparison of 2D and 3D data. Porosity, on the other hand, does not show any correlation between 2D and 3D-based data. Together with the Fv/Fs parameter, this leads to the conclusion that the depiction of 2D data does not represent the whole fibrous material but predominantly fibres perpendicular or close to perpendicular to the cut plane, whereas 3D data represents all fibres, fibre bonds and network connectivity. This work aims at presenting modern approaches and novel procedures to quantify intrinsic properties of open fibre structures such as tissue, but could also be applied to fibrous networks in general. The introduced methods could provide the basis for future research on the interrelations between intrinsic properties and key tissue properties such as absorbency and handfeel.
Model-based entropy estimation for data with covariates and dependence structures
Authors: Altieri Linda , Cocchi Daniela , Ventrucci Massimo 
Published: July 2023

AbstractEntropy is widely used in ecological and environmental studies, where data often present complex interactions. Difficulties arise in linking entropy to available covariates or data dependence structures, thus, all existing entropy estimators assume independence. To overcome this limit, we take a Bayesian model-based approach which focuses on estimating the probabilities that compose the index, accounting for any data dependence and correlation. An estimate of entropy can be constructed from the model fitted values, returning an observation-specific measure of entropy rather than an overall index. This way, the latent heterogeneity of the system can be represented by a curve in time or a surface in space, according to the characteristics of the survey study at hand. An empirical study illustrates the flexibility and interpretability of our results over temporally and spatially correlated data. An application is presented about the biodiversity of spatially structured rainforest tree data.
Catalyzing Technology-Based Innovation in Teen Pregnancy Prevention: an Implementation Model and Findings from a Human-Centered Design Initiative
Authors: Antonishak Jill , Suellentrop Katy , Steiner Riley J. , Lloyd Laura , Axelson Sarah M. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractFrom 2015 to 2021, the US Department of Health and Human Services’ Teen Pregnancy Prevention (TPP) program funded Power to Decide, a national reproductive health nonprofit organization, to catalyze innovation in adolescent sexual and reproductive health through the development of technology-based interventions. Power to Decide’s initiative, Innovation Next, supported twenty innovation teams in using human-centered design (HCD) to develop new products, services, and programs. We describe the Innovation Next implementation model, which can inform future efforts to develop innovative, technology-based TPP programs using HCD. To that end, we draw on quantitative and qualitative data collected for program improvement to summarize key implementation findings.
Proof of Concept: In-Situ Wear Differentiation of Simultaneously Wearing Counterparts
Authors: Harden Felix , Schädel Birgit , Siegel Marlon , Kral Roland , Adelung Rainer , Jacobs Olaf 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAccurate assessment of the tribological system’s wear behavior is crucial for optimization. Common tribological test stands rely on a single measurement information—usually the indentation depth of the complete tribological system. If both counterparts experience wear—like polymer–polymer combinations—a subsequent assessment of the tested specimens is needed to estimate the contributions of each partner for determining the wear volume, and thus the wear rate. In this work, we propose a novel approach how an in-situ wear measurement of both simultaneously wearing counterparts can be implemented and generally demonstrate the feasibility on a ball-on-prism tribometer. This is achieved by measuring the system’s indentation depth while simultaneously scanning the ball’s surface with a laser profile scanner, providing information for calculation of the ball’s wear volume. While offering new possibilities for wear evaluation, challenges remain including radial runout of the measured specimen, testing in media and accumulation of large amounts of debris. Overall, this work presents an advancement in the evaluation of wear behavior, enabling better optimization of tribological systems with simultaneous wear. Refinements and adaptations to different setups can further enhance its utility.
Neurocognitive effects of androgen deprivation therapy and new hormonal agents in a sample of patients with metastatic prostate cancer
Authors: Ihrig Andreas , Pernt Pascal Marino , Zschäbitz Stefanie , Huber Johannes , Friederich Hans-Christoph , Bugaj Till J. , Maatouk Imad 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
Although the growing treatment landscape for metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) has revealed new opportunities, it has also provided challenges, such as undesirable side effects. The aim of the present study was to provide further data on domain-specific cognitive impairments in mPC patients with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and new hormonal agents.

Methods
Fifty-eight patients (71 ± 8 years) with mPC were investigated using a cross-sectional design. All patients had received some form of ADT (93% had received luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) analogs/antagonists), 66% had received chemotherapy, and 84% had received anti-resorptive therapy. We evaluated learning and memory, processing speed, and executive functions, as recommended by the International Cognition and Cancer Task Force, to determine neurocognitive deficits.

Results
Patients treated with ADT scored significantly lower on all neurocognitive tests and showed significantly more neurocognitive deficits (38–62%) than age-adjusted reference samples (16%, p < 0.05). Cognitive deficits were mild in most cases and predominantly affected visuomotor processing speed (48%). Moderate and severe deficits were found in 11% and 5% of patients, respectively, with word fluency as the predominant deficit (23%). No associations were found between the type or duration of treatment and the severity of cognitive deficits.

Conclusions
Treatment of mPC with ADT is correlated with neurocognitive deficits in several cognitive domains. Language skills and processing speed were most frequently impaired. However, a consistent pattern of cognitive impairment was not identified. Neurocognitive deficits should be considered in phase III and IV trials.

Trial registration
The study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Registry (DRKS00017727).
Upper airway morphology in adults with positional obstructive sleep apnea
Authors: Shi Xiaoxin , Sutherland Kate , Lobbezoo Frank , Berkhout Erwin , de Lange Jan , Cistulli Peter A. , Darendeliler M. Ali , Dalci Oyku , Aarab Ghizlane 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Purpose
To compare the anatomical balance and shape of the upper airway in the supine position between adults with positional obstructive sleep apnea (POSA) and adults with non-positional OSA (NPOSA).

Methods
Adults diagnosed with OSA (apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) > 10 events/h) were assessed for eligibility. POSA was defined as the supine AHI more than twice the AHI in non-supine positions; otherwise, patients were classified as NPOSA. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging was performed for every participant while awake in the supine position. The anatomical balance was calculated as the ratio of the tongue size to the maxillomandibular enclosure size. The upper airway shape was calculated as the ratio of the anteroposterior dimension to the lateral dimension at the location of the minimal cross-sectional area of the upper airway (CSAmin-shape).

Results
Of 47 participants (28 males, median age [interquartile range] 56 [46 to 63] years, median AHI 27.8 [15.0 to 33.8]), 34 participants were classified as having POSA (72%). The POSA group tended to have a higher proportion of males and a lower AHI than the NPOSA group (P = 0.07 and 0.07, respectively). After controlling for both sex and AHI, the anatomical balance and CSAmin-shape were not significantly different between both groups (P = 0.18 and 0.73, respectively).

Conclusion
Adults with POSA and adults with NPOSA have similar anatomical balance and shape of their upper airway in the supine position.

Trial registration
This study was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR Trial ACTRN12611000409976).
Head Orientation Modulates Vestibular Cerebellar Evoked Potentials (VsCEPs) and Reflexes Produced by Impulsive Mastoid and Midline Skull Stimulation
Authors: Govender Sendhil , Hochstrasser Daniel , Todd Neil PM , Colebatch James G 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe cerebellum plays a critical role in the modulation of vestibular reflexes, dependent on input from proprioceptive afferents. The mechanism of this cerebellar control is not well understood. In a sample of 11 healthy human subjects, we investigated the effects of head orientation on ocular, cervical, postural and cerebellar short latency potentials evoked by impulsive stimuli applied at both mastoids and midline skull sites. Subjects were instructed to lean backwards with the head positioned straight ahead or held rotated in different degrees of yaw towards the right and left sides. Impulsive mastoid stimulation, a potent method of utricular stimulation, produced localised vestibular cerebellar evoked potentials (VsCEPs: P12-N17) which were strongly modulated by head orientation. The response was larger on the side opposite to the direction of head rotation and with stimulation on the side of rotation. In contrast, ocular VEMPs (oVEMPs: n10-p16) were present but showed little change with head posture, while cervical VEMPs (cVEMPs: p15-n23) were larger with the head held rotated away from the side of the recording. Postural effects with lateral vestibular stimulation were strongly modulated by head rotation, with more powerful effects occurring bilaterally with stimulation on the side of rotation. The duration of the postural EMG changes was similar to the post-excitation inhibition of the electrocerebellogram (ECeG), consistent with cerebellar participation. We conclude that head rotation selectively affects evoked vestibular reflexes towards different targets, consistent with their physiological roles. Changes in VsCEPs may contribute to the modulation of postural reflexes by the cerebellum.
Disinfection of vascular catheter connectors that are protected by antiseptic caps is unnecessary
Authors: Fillman Kelsey M. , Ryder Jonathan H. , Brailita Daniel M. , Rupp Mark E. , Cavalieri R. Jennifer , Fey Paul D. , Lyden Elizabeth R. , Hankins Richard J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjective:Determination of whether vascular catheter disinfecting antiseptic-containing caps alone are effective at decreasing microbial colonization of connectors compared to antiseptic-containing caps plus a 5-second alcohol manual disinfection.Setting:The study was conducted in a 718-bed, tertiary-care, academic hospital.Patients:A convenience sample of adult patients across intensive care units and acute care wards with peripheral and central venous catheters covered with antiseptic-containing caps.Methods:Quality improvement study completed over 5 days. The standard-of-care group consisted of catheter connectors with antiseptic-containing caps cleaned with a 5-second alcohol wipe scrub prior to culture. The comparison group consisted of catheter connectors with antiseptic-containing caps without a 5-second alcohol wipe scrub prior to culture. The connectors were pressed directly onto blood agar plates and incubated. Plates were assessed for growth after 48-72 hours.Results:In total, 356 catheter connectors were cultured: 165 in the standard-of-care group, 165 in the comparison group, and 26 catheters connectors without an antiseptic-containing cap, which were designated as controls. Overall, 18 catheter connectors (5.06%) yielded microbial growth. Of the 18 connectors with microbial growth, 2 (1.21%) were from the comparison group, 1 (0.61%) was from the standard-of-care group, and 15 were controls without an antiseptic-containing cap.Conclusions:Bacterial colonization rates were similar between the catheter connectors cultured with antiseptic-containing caps alone and catheter connectors with antiseptic-containing caps cultured after a 5-second scrub with alcohol. This finding suggests that the use of antiseptic-containing caps precludes the need for additional disinfection.
Digital fashionistas: young women, wealth-in-followers and matronage in Yaoundé, Cameroon
Authors: Majczak Ewa 
Published: July 2023

AbstractAgainst the background of post-Cold War trade and media liberalization, this article examines how young women living in Yaoundé, Cameroon, share digital images of their crafted styles via WhatsApp. Such sharing is an act of influence usually aimed at building the woman’s name as a digital ‘fashionista’, in that it constitutes a virtual potential for persuading others to copy one’s style. When this potential is actualized among women of status and rank, young women can fashion relations of matronage, opening up avenues of upward social mobility. To reach out to women of status and rank, young women circulate images of their styles to mobilize digital follower networks of peers, kin and strangers, drawing on their skills, status and knowledge. This mobilization in turn relies on the actual and potential benefits that sharing a fashionista image can bring to the follower. Thus, I argue, interdependencies between stylish leaders and their followers are key to making and maintaining a name as a digital fashionista. This article contributes to the literature on fashion and social mobility in West Africa by showing how the circulation of digital images over social media networks generates potentialities for young women living in Yaoundé to fashion matronage relations and social mobility. More broadly, the framing of followers as a form of wealth-in-people provides a critique of the neoliberal market valuation of social media influencers, illuminating alternative regimes of valuation that inform digital influencer economies.
Crustal Structure Across the Central Dead Sea Transform and Surrounding Areas: Insights Into Tectonic Processes in Continental Transforms
Authors: ten Brink U. S. , Levi E. , Flores C. H. , Koulakov I. , Bronshtein N. , Ben‐Avraham Z. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractNew geophysical profiles across the central Dead Sea Transform (DST) near the Sea of Galilee, Israel, and surrounding highlands, augmented by static stress modeling, allow us to study continental transform plate deformation. The DST separates a ∼10 km thick sedimentary column above a thinned (16–23 km) crust to the west from a ∼7 km column above a ∼30‐km thick crust to the east. Crustal thinning starts under the DST, as observed also farther south, indicating that the DST is indeed located along the boundary between the Arabian plate and its continental margin. Moho step here is gradual. The DST's eastern shoulder dips westward toward the DST unlike the upward flexed shoulder observed farther south, perhaps delineating the northern limit of a thinner and hotter lithosphere. The shape of the Sea of Galilee is modeled as an asymmetric pull‐apart basin formed by a left‐lateral stepover of 2.6 km between slightly divergent and underlapping strike‐slip fault strands dipping 70° to the west. Reflection data indicate that these strands are not connected. Several fault traces within the Sea of Galilee have previously been suggested to carry part of the relative plate motion. However, given slip along the main DST faults, Coulomb stress will increase only on fault portions in the northern part of the lake, in accord with the geographical distribution of seismicity, suggesting that these faults are likely secondary. Mismatch between the DST strand locations in the geophysical profiles and the subsidence model, may reflect temporal changes in fault geometry.