bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
First Record of Five Species of Sea Urchins (Class Echinoidea, Five Orders) From the Gulf of Aden
Authors: Algurabi Mohammed A. , MсNoon Alawi H. , Awad Rashidi M. R. , Bakhshalizadeh Shima , Nasibulina Botagoz M. , Kurochkina Tatyana F. , Ali Attaala M. , Habib Syed Sikandar , Fazio Francesco 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe Gulf of Aden (GA) experiences seasonal upwelling phenomena, fostering favorable conditions for diverse marine life. Despite this richness, the known sea urchin species in the Gulf of Aden has been limited to the common long‐spined (Diadema paucispinum). Our study aimed to explore and document sea urchin diversity in this region. Through scuba diving and low tide collections from coral reefs and sandbanks, we obtained samples along the Hadhramout coast, spanning from the Qusayr area to the Aden Province coast, including Azizi Island opposite Ras Imran and the sub‐district of the city of Aden. This survey revealed five sea urchin species, expanding the known taxa. For the first time in the Gulf of Aden, we qualitatively registered two regular and three irregular sea urchin species: Heterocentrotus mammillatus (Linnaeus, 1758), Stomopneustes variolaris (Lamarck, 1816), Echinodiscus bisperforatus (Leske, 1778), Clypeaster humilis (Leask, 1778), and Lovenia elongata (Gray, 1845). These findings contribute to our understanding of the Gulf biodiversity and emphasize the need for continued exploration in this region.
Tissintite‐II in Lunar Meteorite Northwest Africa 13967: Implications for the High Pressure/Temperature Mineralogy of the Lunar Regolith
Authors: Wittmann Axel , Kroemer Christian R. , Wadhwa Meenakshi , Sharp Thomas G. , Van Soest Matthijs , Martin Trevor , Goepfert Tyler 
Published: January 2025

AbstractWe studied lunar regolith breccia meteorite Northwest Africa (NWA) 13967 to explore its mineral and clast inventory with special focus on the ubiquitous occurrence of tissintite‐II, a newly recognized, vacancy‐rich high‐pressure clinopyroxene with a feldspathic, Fe‐ and Mg‐enriched composition. Lithic clasts in NWA 13967 indicate a provenance in the Feldspathic Highlands Terrane on the Moon. Most abundant are cumulate impact melt clasts (“poikilitic granulitic breccias”), granular impact melt rocks, vitric impact melt clasts including impact spherules, and anorthositic clasts, while basalt clasts are rare. The breccia groundmass is mostly fused to flow‐textured, vesicular, crystallized impact melt that includes 1 μm corundum crystals and up to 5 μm tissintite‐II near the contact with lithic clasts. Rare coesite occurs in moganite clasts entrained in the shock‐melted groundmass and rimmed by tissintite‐II. Petrographic features of NWA 13967 and its bulk rock chemical composition are most similar to the NWA 8046 clan of lunar meteorites, the largest known lunar meteorite. We discuss mineralogical and petrological characteristics of NWA 13967 to unravel chemical and structural changes of the lunar regolith during shock lithification, which may inform the ongoing exploration of the lunar surface.
Culture and Recognition: Restorative Justice Through Reparation Financing for Indigenous Afrikan Maroons of the Diaspora and Africa
Authors: Jaramogi Akilah 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIn this international document from the Trinidadian Merikin community, a proposal is set forth to connect the Maroon Diaspora with Indigenous Afrika, fostering a deeper sense of identity and collaboration between the two. Concrete areas are set forth for work to advance the rights and recognition on a global stage of Maroons. Encapsulating the essence and aspirations of Maroon communities throughout the Catibbean and Diaspora, the paper emphasizes the significance of our connection to Afrika and the broader quest for dignity and justice. It details and underscores the unique position of Maroons as bridge‐builders and agents of change in the global discourse on heritage, rights, and sustainable development.
Specific sets of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthases and phytoene synthases control the production of carotenoids and ABA in different tomato tissues
Authors: Burbano‐Erazo Esteban , Ezquerro Miguel , Sanchez‐Bel Paloma , Rodriguez‐Concepcion Manuel 
Published: January 2025

AbstractPlant carotenoids are plastid‐synthesized isoprenoids with roles as photoprotectants, pigments, and precursors of bioactive molecules such as the hormone abscisic acid (ABA). The first step of the carotenoid biosynthesis pathway is the production of phytoene from geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP), catalyzed by phytoene synthase (PSY). GGPP produced by plastidial GGPP synthases (GGPPS) is channeled to the carotenoid pathway by direct interaction of GGPPS and PSY enzymes. Three plastid‐localized GGPPS isoforms (referred to as SlG1‐3) and three PSY enzymes (PSY1‐3) are present in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). Our previous work showed that SlG1 and PSY3 function together in the roots, whereas the rest of the isoforms are required in aerial tissues. Here we generated and analyzed combinations of double mutants lacking PSY1 or PSY2 and SlG2 or SlG3 to investigate the contribution of specific GGPPS and PSY pairs to the production of carotenoids and ABA in different tissues of the tomato plant. Despite that the loss of individual enzymes was found to trigger compensatory mechanisms that complicate interpretation of the results, the results confirm a major role for SlG3 in providing GGPP to PSY2 for housekeeping carotenoid biosynthesis in leaves, whereas SlG2 and PSY1 become most relevant when a more active production is required in flowers and breaker fruits, i.e., at the onset of ripening. We could also confirm that ABA production in the fruit pericarp is more dependent on PSY1 activity than on total carotenoid levels and that fruit size correlates with ABA levels accumulated in ripe rather than breaker fruits.
Halophyte‐based crop managements induce biochemical, metabolomic and proteomic changes in tomato plants under saline conditions
Authors: Barba‐Espín Gregorio , Jurado‐Mañogil Carmen , Plskova Zuzana , Kerchev Pavel I. , Hernández José A. , Diaz‐Vivancos Pedro 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHalophytes display distinctive physiological mechanisms that enable their survival and growth under extreme saline conditions. This makes them potential candidates for their use in saline agriculture. In this research, tomato (Solanum lycopersium Mill.) was cultivated in moderately saline conditions under two different managements involving Arthrocaulon macrostachyum L., a salt accumulator shrub: intercropping, i.e., co‐cultivation of tomato/halophyte; and crop rotation, in which tomato is grown where the halophyte was previously cultivated. The effect of these crop managements was evaluated in tomato plants in comparison with tomato in monoculture, with regards to physiological and biochemical variables and metabolomic and proteomic profiles.Both halophyte‐based managements reduced soil salinity. Crop rotation enhanced photosynthesis and protective mechanisms at the photosynthetic level. In addition, both crop managements altered the hormone profile and the antioxidant capacity, whereas a reactive oxygen species over‐accumulation in leaf tissues indicated the establishment of a controlled mild oxidative stress. However, tomato production remained unchanged.Metabolomic and proteomic approaches suggest complex interactions at the leaf level, driven by the influence of the halophyte. In this regard, an interplay of ROS/lipid‐based signalling pathways is proposed. Moreover, improved photosynthesis under crop rotation was associated with accumulation of sugar metabolism‐related compounds and photosynthesis‐related proteins. Likewise, acylamino acid‐releasing enzymes, a class of serine‐proteases, remarkably increased under both halophyte‐based managements, which may act to modulate the antioxidant capacity of tomato plants.In summary, this work reveals common and distinctive patterns in tomato under intercropping and crop rotation conditions with the halophyte, supporting the use of A. macrostachyum in farming systems.
Realizing the NPD Benefits of the Firm Innovation Strategy: The Role of Supply Management and Supply Chain Transformational Leadership
Authors: Yang Qingyun , Su Qin , Cui Hecheng , Capaldo Antonio 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTFirm innovation strategy (FIS) is crucial for new product development (NPD) performance. Few studies have revealed how the FIS that recognizes the importance of supply chain (SC) resources can improve NPD performance through SC management. This study emphasizes the mediating role of supply management, including innovativeness in supply management and firm‐supplier relationship. We argue that supply chain transformational leadership (SCTL) moderates the relationship between FIS and supply management. Using data from 232 Chinese manufacturing firms and applying structural equation modeling and regression analysis, we tested the hypotheses. The results show that innovativeness in supply management and firm‐supplier relationship mediate the relationship between the FIS and NPD performance. SCTL positively moderates the influence of FIS on supply management. These findings contributes to NPD outcomes. This study offers theoretical and empirical insights into SC management.
Exploring power imbalance in reciprocal scientific information sharing within a hydraulic fracturing policy subsystem
Authors: Lee Jeongyoon , Huang Kun , Song Geoboo 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSharing scientific and technical information plays a vital role in fostering more deliberate political dynamics within policy subsystems, according to the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF). However, obstacles to this exchange are not well understood. Our research, guided by theories of social exchange and network embeddedness, explores how power imbalances relate to the reciprocal exchange of scientific information. Using network visualization and quadratic assignment procedure multiple regression on the network data from a local hydraulic fracturing policy subsystem in New York, we find that power imbalances negatively affect the sharing of scientific and technical information within the subsystem, and this adverse relationship is consistent regardless of shared policy beliefs. Despite the presence of collaborative relationships, power imbalances hinder information sharing. Conversely, trust among policy actors helps to lessen the detrimental effects of power imbalances on information exchange. These findings contribute to the ACF and policy process literature by highlighting power imbalances as barriers to information sharing and elucidating how these imbalances interplay with beliefs, collaboration, and trust, in affecting information dissemination within policy subsystems.
Workplace discrimination and older Black women's mental health: An examination of relational support‐strain processes
Authors: Erving Christy L. , Jason Kendra , Blasingame Miaya 
Published: January 2025

AbstractDrawing attention to the complex and multidimensional lives of older Black women, this study examines the extent to which workplace discrimination influences their mental health (i.e., depression and anxiety symptoms). Moreover, we assess whether various sources of social support mitigate or whether relational strains and work–family conflict exacerbate the influence of workplace discrimination on mental health. We draw data from the 2010 and 2012 waves of the Health and Retirement Study to address these queries. Results reveal the recalcitrant psychological effects of workplace discrimination on older Black women: social support from a variety of sources fails to counteract the pernicious influence of workplace discrimination on mental health, particularly anxiety symptoms. Neither relational strains with personal network members (e.g., spouse, children) nor work–family conflict exacerbate the discrimination‐mental health association for older Black women workers. However, relational strain in the context of one's marriage was associated with higher depression and anxiety symptoms. Theoretical and workplace policy implications are discussed.
Quality of bio‐based fertilizers is decisive for improving soil quality in Europe—A meta‐analysis
Authors: Steffens Markus , Bünemann Else K. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractOrganic matter is a vital component of soils and decisive for soil health and sustainable food production. Agricultural soil use often decreases soil organic matter stocks and climate change may aggravate the situation, putting food security and ecosystem functioning at risk. Bio‐based fertilizers (BBFs, most often waste or residue‐derived) are a vital part of future circular economies focussing on closed nutrient cycles in food production and agriculture. It is unclear if BBFs have positive effects on soil organic carbon (SOC) because studies on BBFs were so far mostly focussed on plant nutrition and ran mainly as short‐term pot experiments. We filtered, extended and reclassified the comprehensive meta‐analysis of Chen et al. (2018) to elucidate the effects of bio‐based fertilizers on SOC concentrations in European and North American long‐term experiments. The revised data set consisting of 260 observations from 60 field trials (now including a minimum duration of 5 years) showed significant effects of BBF quality on SOC concentration when compared with minerally fertilized plots and elucidated the role of soil and site properties on the efficiency of BBFs to increase SOC. The extended data set showed that solid and carbon‐rich BBFs were most efficient in increasing SOC concentrations. Less developed soils and loamy soils in dry climates showed the highest potential for carbon sequestration through BBF application. We stress the importance of carbon inputs for the maintenance of current SOC concentrations, thus demanding the cautious use of C‐depleting steps during BBF processing, only to be applied if elimination of organic pollutants and pathogens is needed.
The Novel HLA‐C*03:681 Allele, Identified by Sanger Dideoxy Nucleotide Sequencing in a Chinese Individual
Authors: Luo Xian‐sheng , Xie Zhi‐cong , Ma Li , Hu Xiao‐zhuang , Wang Juan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe HLA‐C*03:681 allele differs from HLA‐C*03:02:02:01 by a single non‐synonymous nucleotide change in exon 3.
Novel Allele HLA‐B*52:130, Identified by Next‐Generation Sequencing
Authors: Cheranev Valery , Jankevich Tatiana , Smirnova Darya , Loginova Maria , Korostin Dmitry 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTThe new HLA‐B*52:130 allele showed one nonsynonymous nucleotide difference compared to the HLA‐B*52:01:01:01 allele in codon 170.
Bacteria in hypertrophic scars promote scar formation through HSBP1‐mediated autophagy
Authors: Yuan Bo , Yu Jiarong , Dong Jiaoyun , Mao Zhigang , Wang Xiqiao 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBacterial colonisation in hypertrophic scars (HSs) has been reported, yet the precise mechanism of their contribution to scar formation remains elusive. To address this, we examined HS and normal skin (NS) tissues through Gram staining and immunofluorescence. We co‐cultured fibroblasts with heat‐inactivated Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and evaluated their levels of apoptosis and proliferation by flow cytometry and Cell Counting Kit‐8 assay, respectively. Additionally, we performed proteomic analysis and western blotting to identify upregulated proteins. To assess autophagy levels, we examined light chain 3 (LC3) expression through western blotting and immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed to detect autophagy‐associated vesicles. Our results demonstrated a notable increase in bacterial load, primarily S. aureus, in HS tissues. Furthermore, S. aureus promoted fibroblast proliferation and enhanced the expression of profibrotic markers such as transforming growth factor β1 (TGF‐β1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), collagen I, collagen III and α smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA). Proteomic analysis highlighted heat shock factor‐binding protein 1 (HSBP1) as a key upregulated protein mediating the profibrotic effects induced by S. aureus. Knockdown of HSBP1 reversed these effects. Intriguingly, HSBP1 also upregulated LC3 and Beclin‐1 expression and increased the number of autophagosomes in fibroblasts. Finally, when fibroblasts stimulated by S. aureus were treated with HSBP1 siRNA, autophagy levels decreased significantly. Collectively, our findings suggest that S. aureus, via HSBP1, stimulates fibroblast proliferation and promotes their transition into myofibroblasts, triggering autophagy and fibrosis. These results underscore the potential of HSBP1 as a therapeutic target for the management of HSs.
Structure of the Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus gB in post-fusion conformation
Authors: Ito Fumiaki , Zhen James , Xie Guodong , Huang Haigen , Silva Juan C. , Wu Ting-Ting , Zhou Z. Hong 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Discovered in 1994 in lesions of an AIDS patient, Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a member of the gammaherpesvirus subfamily of the
Herpesviridae
family, which contains a total of nine that infect humans. These viruses all contain a large envelope glycoprotein, glycoprotein B (gB), that is required for viral fusion with host cell membrane to initial infection. Although the atomic structures of five other human herpesviruses in their postfusion conformation and one in its prefusion conformation are known, the atomic structure of KSHV gB has not been reported. Here, we report the first structure of the KSHV gB ectodomain determined by single-particle cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoEM). Despite a similar global fold between herpesvirus gB, KSHV gB possesses local differences not shared by its relatives in other herpesviruses. The glycosylation sites of gB are arranged in belts down the symmetry axis with distinct localization compared to that of other herpesviruses, which occludes certain antibody binding sites. An extended glycan chain observed in domain I (DI), located proximal to the host membrane, may suggest its possible role in host cell attachment. Local flexibility of domain IV (DIV) governed by molecular hinges at its interdomain junctions identifies a means for enabling conformational change. A mutation in the domain III (DIII) central helix disrupts incorporation of gB into KSHV virions despite adoption of a canonical fold
in vitro
. Taken together, this study reveals mechanisms of structural variability of herpesvirus fusion protein gB and informs its folding and immunogenicity.

IMPORTANCE

In 1994, a cancer-causing virus was discovered in lesions of AIDS patients, which was later named Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). As the latest discovered human herpesvirus, KSHV has been classified into the gammaherpesvirus subfamily of the
Herpesviridae
. In this study, we have expressed KSHV gB and employed cryogenic electron microscopy (cryoEM) to determine its first structure. Importantly, our structure resolves some glycans beyond the first sugar moiety. These glycans are arranged in a pattern unique to KSHV, which impacts the antigenicity of KSHV gB. Our structure also reveals conformational flexibility caused by molecular hinges between domains that provide clues into the mechanism behind the drastic change between prefusion and postfusion states.
The
Rickettsia
actin-based motility effectors RickA and Sca2 contribute differently to cell-to-cell spread and pathogenicity
Authors: Tran Cuong J. , Zubair-Nizami Zahra , Langohr Ingeborg M. , Welch Matthew D. 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACT

Rickettsia parkeri
is an obligate intracellular, tick-borne bacterial pathogen that can cause eschar-associated rickettsiosis in humans.
R. parkeri
invades host cells, escapes from vacuoles into the cytosol, and undergoes two independent modes of actin-based motility mediated by effectors RickA or Sca2. Actin-based motility of
R. parkeri
enables bacteria to enter protrusions of the host cell plasma membrane that are engulfed by neighboring host cells. However, whether and how RickA and Sca2 independently contribute to cell-to-cell spread
in vitro
or pathogenicity
in vivo
has been unclear. Using live cell imaging of
rickA
::Tn and
sca2
::Tn mutants, we discovered both RickA and Sca2 contribute to different modes of cell-to-cell spread. Compared with Sca2-spread, RickA-spread involves the formation of longer protrusions that exhibit larger fluctuations in length and take a longer time to be engulfed into neighboring cells. We further compared the roles of RickA and Sca2
in vivo
following intradermal (i.d.) infection of
Ifnar1
−/−
;
Ifngr1
−/−
mice carrying knockout mutations in the genes encoding the receptors for IFN-I (
Ifnar1
) and IFN-γ (
Ifngr1
), which exhibit eschars and succumb to infection with wild-type (WT)
R. parkeri
. We observed that RickA is important for severe eschar formation, whereas Sca2 contributes to larger foci of infection in the skin and dissemination from the skin to the internal organs. Our results suggest that actin-based motility effectors RickA and Sca2 drive two distinct forms of cell-to-cell spread and contribute differently to pathogenicity in the mammalian host.

IMPORTANCE

Rickettsia parkeri
, a bacterium in the spotted fever group of
Rickettsia
species, can be transmitted from ticks to humans, leading to symptoms including fever, rash, muscle aches, and a lesion at the site of the tick bite. During
Rickettsia parkeri
infection, bacteria invade cells within the animal host, proliferate in the host cell’s cytosol, move using a process called actin-based motility, and spread to neighboring host cells.
Rickettsia parkeri
is unusual in having two bacterial proteins that mediate actin-based motility. The significance of our research is to reveal that each of these bacterial actin-based motility proteins contributes differently to spread between cells and to the signs of infection in a mouse model of spotted fever disease. Our results are important for understanding the contribution of actin-based motility to mammalian infection by
Rickettsia parkeri
as well as to infection by other bacterial and viral pathogens that require this process to spread between cells and cause disease.
Psychometric validation of the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS) and Oxford Hip Score (OHS) in patients with hip-abductor tendon pathology
Authors: Christensen Karl Bang , Thorborg Kristian , Kierkegaard-Brøchner Signe , Høgsholt Mathias , Lange Jeppe , Bohn Marie Bager 
Published: January 2025

ObjectiveValidated patient-reported outcome measures for patients with hip-abductor tendon pathology are lacking. Recent studies indicate that the Copenhagen Hip and Groin Outcome Score (HAGOS), in the original or the revised scoring format, and the Oxford Hip Score (OHS) may be relevant for use in patients with hip-abductor tendon pathology. The objective of this study was to assess the validity of the Danish version of the HAGOS, the revised HAGOS, and the OHS psychometrically in patients with hip-abductor tendon pathology. This involved the six subscales in the original and the revised version of HAGOS, the standard one-factor scoring of the OHS and the two-factor scoring of the OHS.MethodsWe included individual responses to HAGOS and OHS from 210 patients with hip-abductor tendon pathology (17 men; 193 women; median age 56 years, range 18–91, IQR 48–65). Overall fit, model fit, individual item fit and measurement invariance were examined using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and item response theory.ResultsCFA rejected psychometric validity of three original HAGOS subscales (symptoms, pain, physical function in sport and recreation) (p<0.0001) and the OHS (p<0.0001), whereas the revised scoring format for HAGOS subscales fit adequately. Results indicate a notable discrepancy between observed and expected scores on OHS item 10 in the patient group.ConclusionThe original HAGOS and OHS are not psychometrically valid, but the revised HAGOS scoring format is an appropriate PROM for patients with hip-abductor tendon pathology. The OHS would need slight adjustment before being used in patients with hip-abductor tendon pathology.