bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Guest Ion‐Dependent Reaction Mechanisms of New Pseudocapacitive Mg3V4(PO4)6/Carbon Composite as Negative Electrode for Monovalent‐Ion Batteries
Authors: Fu Qiang , Schwarz Björn , Ding Ziming , Sarapulova Angelina , Weidler Peter G. , Missyul Alexander , Etter Martin , Welter Edmund , Hua Weibo , Knapp Michael , Dsoke Sonia , Ehrenberg Helmut 
Published: February 2023

AbstractPolyanion‐type phosphate materials, such as M3V2(PO4)3 (M = Li/Na/K), are promising as insertion‐type negative electrodes for monovalent‐ion batteries including Li/Na/K‐ion batteries (lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs), and potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs)) with fast charging/discharging and distinct redox peaks. However, it remains a great challenge to understand the reaction mechanism of materials upon monovalent‐ion insertion. Here, triclinic Mg3V4(PO4)6/carbon composite (MgVP/C) with high thermal stability is synthesized via ball‐milling and carbon‐thermal reduction method and applied as a pseudocapacitive negative electrode in LIBs, SIBs, and PIBs. In operando and ex situ studies demonstrate the guest ion‐dependent reaction mechanisms of MgVP/C upon monovalent‐ion storage due to different sizes. MgVP/C undergoes an indirect conversion reaction to form Mg0, V0, and Li3PO4 in LIBs, while in SIBs/PIBs the material only experiences a solid solution with the reduction of V3+ to V2+. Moreover, in LIBs, MgVP/C delivers initial lithiation/delithiation capacities of 961/607 mAh g−1 (30/19 Li+ ions) for the first cycle, despite its low initial Coulombic efficiency, fast capacity decay for the first 200 cycles, and limited reversible insertion/deinsertion of 2 Na+/K+ ions in SIBs/PIBs. This work reveals a new pseudocapacitive material and provides an advanced understanding of polyanion phosphate negative material for monovalent‐ion batteries with guest ion‐dependent energy storage mechanisms.
Grain Boundary Phases in NbFeSb Half‐Heusler Alloys: A New Avenue to Tune Transport Properties of Thermoelectric Materials
Authors: Bueno Villoro Ruben , Zavanelli Duncan , Jung Chanwon , Mattlat Dominique Alexander , Hatami Naderloo Raana , Pérez Nicolás , Nielsch Kornelius , Snyder Gerald Jeffrey , Scheu Christina , He Ran , Zhang Siyuan 
Published: February 2023

AbstractMany thermoelectric materials benefit from complex microstructures. Grain boundaries (GBs) in nanocrystalline thermoelectrics cause desirable reduction in the thermal conductivity by scattering phonons, but often lead to unwanted loss in the electrical conductivity by scattering charge carriers. Therefore, modifying GBs to suppress their electrical resistivity plays a pivotal role in the enhancement of thermoelectric performance, zT. In this work, different characteristics of GB phases in Ti‐doped NbFeSb half‐Heusler compounds are revealed using a combination of scanning transmission electron microscopy and atom probe tomography. The GB phases adopt a hexagonal close‐packed lattice, which is structurally distinct from the half‐Heusler grains. Enrichment of Fe is found at GBs in Nb0.95Ti0.05FeSb, but accumulation of Ti dopants at GBs in Nb0.80Ti0.20FeSb, correlating to the bad and good electrical conductivity of the respective GBs. Such resistive to conductive GB phase transition opens up new design space to decouple the intertwined electronic and phononic transport in thermoelectric materials.
UAV‐based NDVI estimation of sugarbeet yield and quality under varied nitrogen and water rates
Authors: Walsh Olga S. , Nambi Eva , Shafian Sanaz , Jayawardena Dileepa M. , Ansah Emmanuella Owusu , Lamichhane Ritika , McClintick‐Chess Jordan R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThe accuracy of the traditional soil and plant‐based techniques for assessing sugarbeet demand for nitrogen (N) and yield prediction is generally low. Refining N and irrigation water management is a key to maximizing return for sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.) growers from agronomic, economic, and environmental perspective. The use of Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) in combination with the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)‐based data collection for in‐season estimation of sugarbeet root yield and sugar concentration has potential for precision N management. Sugarbeet field trials were conducted in Idaho in 2019 and 2020 to assess (1) effects of water and N fertilizer rates on yield and estimated recoverable sugar (ERS) and (2) feasibility of predicting root yield and ERS using UAV NDVI. At the lowest N rate, application of water at 100% level resulted in greater yield, compared to 50%, in both years. At higher N rates, 50% level produced higher yields. At each N level, application of water at 100% level resulted in lower ERS, compared to 50%. The UAV NDVI was strongly correlated with root yield and ERS. The relationship between UAV NDVI and root yield and ERS was stronger in July (60 days after planting) compared to June (40 days after planting). Estimating the yield and ERS potential in late June/early July and topdressing the crop before the end of July may help to improve N use efficiency while optimizing sugarbeet production.
Model‐based control of titer and glycosylation in fed‐batch mAb production: Modeling and control system development
Authors: Luo Yu , Kurian Varghese , Song Liqing , Wells Evan A. , Robinson Anne Skaja , Ogunnaike Babatunde A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTherapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are typically manufactured using mammalian cell cultures in fed‐batch bioreactors, with increasing emphasis on meeting productivity and product quality attribute targets that depend strongly on such process variables as nutrient feed rates and bioreactor operating conditions. In this article, we identify, categorize, and address the challenges of achieving both productivity and product quality goals simultaneously, by developing a multivariable, model‐based control system that can satisfy multiple production objectives in a fed‐batch cell culture process. Here, we discuss model development and present theoretical concepts of observability and controllability that are essential to understanding and handling effectively these intrinsic challenges. Subsequently, we evaluate via simulation the performance of the outer‐loop model predictive control and demonstrate the overall capability to satisfy complex production objectives in a laboratory scale bioreactor, as a first step toward the ultimate goal of creating an advanced control system for fed‐batch mAb manufacturing processes.
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria: Where are we going
Authors: Kulasekararaj Austin G. , Lazana Ioanna 
Published: February 2023

AbstractParoxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare nonmalignant clonal hematological disorder that is characterized by a deficiency of the GPI‐linked complement regulators on the membrane of hematopoietic cells, which renders them susceptible to complement‐mediated damage. Intravascular hemolysis (IVH), increased tendency for thrombosis, and bone marrow failure constitutes hallmark features of the disease and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. The introduction of C5 inhibitors radically changed disease outcomes, offering a near‐normal life expectancy to PNH patients. However, residual IVH and extravascular hemolysis (EVH) continue to occur during C5‐inhibitor treatment, leaving a significant proportion of patients' anemic and some remaining transfusion dependent. Quality of life (QoL) has also been an issue with the regular intravenous (IV) administrations of the currently licensed C5 inhibitors. This has led to the exploration and development of novel agents, targeting different parts of the complement cascade, or having different formulations allowing for self‐administration. Longer‐acting and subcutaneous formulations of C5 inhibitors have shown equal safety and efficacy, whereas the development of proximal complement inhibitors is changing completely the therapeutic landscape of PNH, limiting both IVH and EVH and showing superior efficacy over C5 inhibitors, especially in improving haemoglobin. Combination treatments have also been tested with promising results. This review summarizes the current therapeutic options, gaps in anti‐complement therapy and discusses emerging therapeutic approaches for PNH.
Identification of circRNAs linked to Alzheimer's disease and related dementias
Authors: Puri Sambhavi , Hu Junming , Sun Zhuorui , Lin Mintao , Stein Thor D. , Farrer Lindsay A. , Wolozin Benjamin , Zhang Xiaoling 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIntroductionCircular RNAs (circRNAs) exhibit selective expression in the brain and differential regulation in Alzheimer's disease (AD). To explore the role of circRNAs in AD, we investigated how circRNA expression varies between brain regions and with AD‐related stress in human neuronal precursor cells (NPCs).MethodsRibosomal RNA–depleted hippocampus RNA‐sequencing data were generated. Differentially regulated circRNAs in AD and related dementias were detected using CIRCexplorer3 and limma. circRNA results were validated using quantitative real‐time PCR of cDNA from the brain and NPCs.ResultsWe identified 48 circRNAs that were significantly associated with AD. We observed that circRNA expression differed by dementia subtype. Using NPCs, we demonstrated that exposure to oligomeric tau elicits downregulation of circRNA similar to that observed in the AD brain.DiscussionOur study shows that differential expression of circRNA can vary by dementia subtype and brain region. We also demonstrated that circRNAs can be regulated by AD‐linked neuronal stress independently from their cognate linear messenger RNAs (mRNAs).
Carbon‐Carbon Bond Formation from Carbon Monoxide and Hydride: The Role of Metal Formyl Intermediates**
Authors: Parr Joseph M. , Crimmin Mark R. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCurrent examples of carbon chain production from metal formyl intermediates with homogeneous metal complexes are described in this Minireview. Mechanistic aspects of these reactions as well as the challenges and opportunities in using this understanding to develop new reactions of CO and H2are also discussed.
Unequal Perylene Diimide Twins in a Quadruple Assembly
Authors: Chen Shuqi , Feng Shishi , Markvoort Albert J. , Zhang Cankun , Zhou Enyang , Liang WanZhen , Zhang Hui‐Jun , Jiang Yun‐Bao , Lin Jianbin 
Published: February 2023

AbstractNatural light‐harvesting (LH) systems can divide identical dyes into unequal aggregate states, thereby achieving intelligent “allocation of labor”. From a synthetic point of view, the construction of such kinds of unequal and integrated systems without the help of proteinaceous scaffolding is challenging. Here, we show that four octatetrayne‐bridged ortho‐perylene diimide (PDI) dyads (POPs) self‐assemble into a quadruple assembly (POP)4 both in solution and in the solid state. The two identical PDI units in each POP are compartmentalized into weakly coupled PDIs (P520) and closely stacked PDIs (P550) in (POP)4. The two extreme pools of PDI chromophores were unambiguously confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. To interpret the formation of the discrete quadruple assembly, we also developed a two‐step cooperative model. Quantum‐chemical calculations indicate the existence of multiple couplings within and across P520 and P550, which can satisfactorily describe the photophysical properties of the unequal quadruple assembly. This finding is expected to help advance the rational design of dye stacks to emulate functions of natural LH systems.
Effect of thermal oxygen aging on the crystallization and insulation properties of polyether ether ketone
Authors: Li Danyu , Xu Siyi , Li Jianxi 
Published: February 2023

AbstractAs an engineering material, polyether ether ketone (PEEK) has been widely used in many fields. It is important to study its thermal oxidative aging law for its material service optimization. The changes of chemical structure and relative properties of PEEK sheets after thermal oxygen aging at 280°C for different times were measured by universal tensile machine, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and resistance meter. The results showed that the elongation at break of the aged samples decreased with the extension of thermal aging time, while the tensile strength continuously increased within 336 h of thermal aging and then decreased gradually. Moreover, the crystallization temperature, melting enthalpy, and crystallinity of the samples decreased with the increase of thermal aging time. The crystallinity decreased to 2.3% after 2852 h aging and the initial decomposition temperature and the maximum decomposition temperature of PEEK gradually decreased from 554.3 to 523.5°C and 572.9 to 558.2°C, respectively. The increase of tan δ was more significant in the low frequency band (10−2–101) Hz. With the increase of aging time, the zeta potential of PEEK surface constantly moved to the negative direction and the volume resistivity and the dielectric strength similarly increased first and then decreased.
Photo‐facilitated chemodynamic therapeutic agents: Synthesis, mechanisms, and biomedical applications
Authors: Yang Nan , Cao Changyu , Lv Xinyi , Zhang Tian , Shao Jinjun , Song Xuejiao , Wang Wenjun , Chen Peng , Huang Wei , Dong Xiaochen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractChemodynamic therapy (CDT) utilizes Fenton and/or Fenton‐like reactions in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS, mainly hydroxyl radicals, •OH) for inducing cancer cell death. Since CDT exhibits minimal invasiveness and high tumor specificity by responding to TME (overexpressed hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and glutathione (GSH) generation), a lot of related research has been conducted recently. Photo‐facilitated CDT can further enhance the catalytic activity and controllability of the treatment. In addition, other photo‐induced therapies, including photodynamic and photothermal therapy (PDT, PTT), may synergize with CDT to obtain boosting treatment efficacy and avoid multidrug resistance. In this minireview, we summarize the recent advances in photo‐assisted CDT, including PTT‐facilitated CDT and PDT‐facilitated CDT. More importantly, the challenges encountered in the treatment process are discussed and potential development directions are suggested to facilitate the clinical translation of photo‐assisted CDT in the future.
Challenges and opportunities of diagnostic markers of Alzheimer's disease based on structural magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Hu Xiang , Meier Maria , Pruessner Jens 
Published: February 2023

AbstractObjectivesThis article aimed to carry out a narrative literature review of early diagnostic markers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) based on both micro and macro levels of pathology, indicating the shortcomings of current biomarkers and proposing a novel biomarker of structural integrity that associates the hippocampus and adjacent ventricle together. This could help to reduce the influence of individual variety and improve the accuracy and validity of structural biomarker.MethodsThis review was based on presenting comprehensive background of early diagnostic markers of AD. We have compiled those markers into micro level and macro level, and discussed the advantages and disadvantages of them. Eventually the ratio of gray matter volume to ventricle volume was put forward.ResultsThe costly methodologies and related high patient burden of “micro” biomarkers (cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers) hinder the implementation in routine clinical examination. In terms of “macro” biomarkers‐ hippocampal volume (HV), there is a large variation of it among population, which undermines its validity Considering the gray matter atrophies while the adjacent ventricular volume enlarges, we assume the hippocampal to ventricle ratio (HVR) is a more reliable marker than HV alone the emerging evidence showed hippocampal to ventricle ratio predicts memory functions better than HV alone in elderly sample.ConclusionsThe ratio between gray matter structures and adjacent ventricular volumes counts as a promising superior diagnostic marker of early neurodegeneration.
Separation and Qualitative Study of Mentha asiatica Boriss. Essential Oil Components by prep‐GC, GC‐QTOF‐MS, NMR and Prediction of Bioactive Compounds
Authors: Aimila Aoken , Ma Xueping , Sodik Numonov , Mamat Xamxikamar , Aisa H. A. , Maiwulanjiang Maitinuer 
Published: February 2023

AbstractIn order to understand the material basis of wild Mentha asiatica Boris. in Xinjiang, the chemical constituents of essential oil extracted from aerial parts of this plant were studied. A total 52 components were detected and 45 compounds were identified. First of all, the essential oil was separated by silica gel column chromatography, and divided into several parts according to the results of thin layer chromatography. Eight fractions were obtained, and then each fragment was preliminarily screened for antibacterial activity. It was found that all eight fragments had certain antibacterial activity in different level. Then the fractions were subjected to preparative gas chromatography (prep‐GC) for further isolation. Ten compounds were identified by 13C‐NMR, 1H‐NMR and gas chromatography‐quadrupole time of flight‐Mass spectrometry (GC‐QTOF‐MS). They are sabinene, limonene and β‐caryophyllene, (1R*,3S*,5R*)‐sabinyl acetate, piperitone oxide, rotundifolone, thymol, piperitone, 4‐hydroxypiperiditone, cedrol. After screened by bioautography, 4‐hydroxypiperone and thymol were showed best antibacterial activity. The inhibitory effects of the two isolated compounds on Candida albicans and their related mechanisms were studied. The results showed that, 4‐hydroxypiperone and thymol significantly reduced ergosterol content on the surface of Candida albicans cell membrane in a dose‐dependent manner. This work has accumulated experience for the development and utilization of Xinjiang characteristic medicinal plant resources and new drug research and development, and provided scientific basis and support for the later research and development of Mentha asiatica Boris.
Immunosuppressive Bibenzyl‐phenylpropane Hybrids from Dendrobium devonianum
Authors: Zhan Rui , Zhang Xin‐Yue , Li Zhi‐Yuan , Liu Bo , Chen Ye‐Gao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractTwo new bibenzyl‐phenylpropane hybrids, dendrophenols A and B (1 and 2), along with nine known bibenzyls, were isolated from the aerial part of Dendrobium devonianum Paxt. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic methods and methylation. Bioassays revealed that compounds 1–9 were specifically immunosuppressive to T lymphocytes with IC50 values ranging from 0.41 to 9.4 μM, of which compounds 1 (IC50=1.62 μM) and 2 (IC50=0.41 μM) were promising immunosuppressive agents for T lymphocytes with the selectivity indices of 19.9 and 79.5, respectively.
Macrophage efferocytosis in health and disease
Authors: Razi Shokufeh , Yaghmoorian Khojini Javad , Kargarijam Fateme , Panahi Susan , Tahershamsi Zahra , Tajbakhsh Amir , Gheibihayat Seyed Mohammad 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCreating cellular homeostasis within a defined tissue typically relates to the processes of apoptosis and efferocytosis. A great example here is cell debris that must be removed to prevent unwanted inflammatory responses and then reduce autoimmunity. In view of that, defective efferocytosis is often assumed to be responsible for the improper clearance of apoptotic cells (ACs). This predicament triggers off inflammation and even results in disease development. Any disruption of phagocytic receptors, molecules as bridging groups, or signaling routes can also inhibit macrophage efferocytosis and lead to the impaired clearance of the apoptotic body. In this line, macrophages as professional phagocytic cells take the lead in the efferocytosis process. As well, insufficiency in macrophage efferocytosis facilitates the spread of a wide variety of diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, kidney problems, types of cancer, asthma, and the like. Establishing the functions of macrophages in this respect can be thus useful in the treatment of many diseases. Against this background, this review aimed to recapitulate the knowledge about the mechanisms related to macrophage polarization under physiological or pathological conditions, and shed light on its interaction with efferocytosis.
Cannabidiol‐Loaded Poly Lactic‐Co‐Glycolic Acid Nanoparticles with Improved Bioavailability as a Potential for Osteoarthritis Therapeutic
Authors: Jin Zhiqiang , Zhan Yanting , Zheng Li , Wei Qingjun , Xu Sheng , Qin Zainen 
Published: February 2023

AbstractCannabidiol (CBD) is a non‐intoxicating cannabinoid from cannabis sativa that has demonstrated efficacious against inflammation, which can be considered as a potential drug for arthritis treatment. However, the poor solubility and low bioavailability limit its clinical application. Here, we report an effective strategy to fabricate Cannabidiol‐loaded poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) copolymer (CBD‐PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs), with a spherical morphology and an average diameter of 238 nm. CBD was sustained release from CBD‐PLGA‐NPs, which improved the bioavailability of CBD. The CBD‐PLGA‐NPs effectively protect the damage of LPS to cell viability. We observed that CBD‐PLGA‐NPs significantly suppressed LPS‐induced primary rat chondrocyte expression of inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin 1β (IL‐1β), interleukin 6 (IL‐6), tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP‐13). Remarkably, CBD‐PLGA‐NPs also showed better therapeutic effects of inhibiting the degradation of the extracellular matrix of chondrocytes than equivalent CBD solution. In general, the fabrication CBD‐PLGA‐NPs showed good protection of primary chondrocytes in vitro and is a promising system for osteoarthritis treatment.
Osler‐Weber‐Rendu syndrome: A case report on a rare vascular malformation presented with lower gastrointestinal bleeding
Authors: Pyakurel Sulav , Bohara Sujan , Bhattarai Sanjeet , Regmi Sachit , Karki Samikshya , Adhikari Mahima , Gurung Bibek , Shrestha Umid 
Published: February 2023

AbstractOsler‐Weber‐Rendu syndrome is an uncommon vascular disorder inherited as an autosomal dominant trait with varying penetrance and expression. A multidisciplinary approach is used for a detailed diagnostic workup and management based on the patient's symptoms at presentation.
Closing the Shell: Gas‐Phase Solvation of Halides by 1,3‐Butadiene
Authors: Watson Peter D. , Haakansson Christian T. , Robinson Hayden T. , Corkish Timothy R. , Brookes James R. , McKinley Allan J. , Wild Duncan A. 
Published: February 2023

AbstractGas‐phase solvation of halides by 1,3‐butadiene has been studied via a combination of photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory. Photoelectron spectra for X−⋯(C4H6)n (X=Cl, Br, I where n=1‐3, 1–3 and 1–7 respectively) are presented. For all complexes, the calculated structures indicate that butadiene is bound in a bidentate fashion through hydrogen‐bonding, with the chloride complex showing the greatest degree of stabilisation of the internal C−C rotation of cis‐butadiene. In both Cl− and Br− complexes, the first solvation shell is shown to be at least
from the vertical detachment energies (VDEs), however for I−, increases in the VDE may suggest a metastable, partially filled, first solvation shell for
and a complete shell at
. These results have implications for gas‐phase clustering in atmospheric and extraterrestrial environments.