bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phase-Field Modeling of Spontaneous Imbibition in Tight Porous Media
Authors: Wang Daigang , Ma Yushan , Song Kaoping , Wei Chenji , Zhang Jing , Yu Tao , Song Yang 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Tight oil reservoirs generally have no natural productivity due to the influence of micro/nano pore structure. The horizontal well volume fracturing technique is widely used to achieve effective development of this type of reservoirs. The remaining oil in matrix pores is mainly produced by spontaneous imbibition in the actual soaking and flowback process. Due to the great limitation of observation scale, the traditional experimental testing methods cannot accurately characterize the distribution and production of remaining oil at nano-scale in tight oil reservoirs, the microscopic mechanism of spontaneous imbibition has not been clearly explained.
In order to resolve those issues, a two-dimensional geometric model is firstly established based on the raw images of typical tight rock sample obtained by a highresolution CT imaging device. A novel pore-scale mathematical model of spontaneous imbibition in tight porous media is developed from the Navier-Stokes equations, which is numerically solved by using the phase-field method. Compared with the analytical results of the single-pipe imbibition model, the reliability of the proposed method was fully validated. Based on the analysis of the spontaneous imbibition microscopic dynamic phenomena, the influences of wettability, oil-water interfacial tension, oil-water viscosity ratio and micro-fracture morphology on the remaining oil in micro/nano pores and spontaneous imbibition recovery are further explored.
Results show that, the results obtained by the phase-field modeling of spontaneous imbibition are in good agreement with the analytical solution of the single-pipe imbibition model, and the front evolution process of oil-water interface during spontaneous imbibition is accurately described. The pore-scale dynamic events of oil droplets, snap-off, cross flow and coalescence are well characterized. The oil/water interfacial tension has little effect on spontaneous imbibition recovery, but significantly affects the imbibition time. The smaller the oil/water interfacial tension is, the longer the imbibition time is. Wettability and oil-water viscosity ratio can exert a significant effect on imbibition recovery. The existence of micro-fractures increases the imbibition contact area, improves the fluid flow capacity, and significantly improves the degree of remaining oil production and imbibition recovery.
A novel methodology to study two-phase fluid flow during spontaneous imbibition in tight porous media is proposed using the phase-field method in this work, which can provide a theoretical basis for understanding the underlying fluid flow dynamics during fracturing, soaking and flowback process of tight oil reservoirs.
Metformin Effects on Follistatin and Oxyntomodulin Levels and Its Relationship With Polycystic Ovaries Syndrome and Associated Comorbidities: Secondary Analysis of Randomized Double-blind Clinical Study.
Authors: Damasceno Rachel C , Oliveira Flávia R , Cândido Ana Lúcia , Gomes Karina B , Bizzi Mariana F , Azevedo Rosana C , Comim Fábio V , Reis Fernando M , Rocha Ana Luiza L 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background: An abnormal secretion of incretins, specially Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and oxyntomodulin (OXM), have been described in subjects with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and PCOS. OXM has important actions in the metabolism including the ability to reduce food intake and improve insulin secretion reducing the liver fat accumulation. Metformin is an insulin-sensitizing hypoglycemic drug and is widely used in the treatment of PCOS. Whether treatment with metformin may affect circulating levels of OXM is not known and is the subject of this study.
Design: a secondary analysis, randomized double-blind clinical trial.
Methods: Forty-five patients with PCOS were recruited, divided into one group that received metformin (n=21) and one group who received placebo (n=24) to evaluate the levels of follistatin and oxyntomodulin before and after the use of metformin (1500mg/day). Blood levels of oxyntomodulin and follistatin were evaluated by ELISA tests.
Results: At the end of the study, 20 patients were evaluated, 5 (25%) from the group using metformin and 15 (75%) from the placebo group. There was no significant difference in the variation in follistatin and oxyntomodulin levels between the metformin and placebo groups. There was a significant difference in follistatin levels among participants with hyperandrogenic and non-hyperandrogenic phenotype. There was no significant difference in oxyntomodulin levels in the different phenotypes.
Conclusion: The use of metformin for 60 days did not alter follistatin and oxyntomodulin levels, and there was a significant difference between the follistatin values in hyperandrogenic and non-hyperandrogenic phenotypes.
Trial registration: Brazilian Registration Platform for Clinical Studies - REBEC -ID RBR-47tvky / Brazilian Health Ministry- ID 17127713.2.0000.5149.
Anti-atherosclerotic effects of naringenin and quercetin from Folium Artemisiae argyi by attenuating Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1B)/ matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9): network pharmacology-based analysis and validation
Authors: Zhang Lei , Yang Zhihui , Li Xinyi , Hua Yunqing , Fan Guanwei , He Feng 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Effective components and related target genes of Folium Artemisiae argyi were screened from Traditional Chinese Medicines for Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform. The therapeutic targets of atherosclerosis were searched in the MalaCards and OMIM databases. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed in WebGestalt online and verified according to ClueGo and Pedia apps in Cytoscape. Then, the protein-protein interaction network was analyzed using the STRING database and constructed using Cytoscape. Differential expression of target genes was identified in GSE9128 and GSE71226 by GEO2R. And then, molecular docking was performed using the Molecular Operating Environment. Finally, we validated the protein expression of Interleukin-6 (IL-6)/IL-1B /MMP9 by qRT-PCR and Western blot in Raw264.7 which was induced by LPS.
A total of 232 potential target genes and 8 ingredients of Folium Artemisiae argyi were identified. Quercetin, naringenin, and ethyl linoleate are potential candidate bioactive agents in treating atherosclerosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA), MMP9 and IL-1Β could be potential target genes. KEGG analysis demonstrated that the fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis pathway play a crucial role in the anti-atherosclerosis effect of Folium Artemisiae argyi. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) validation demonstrated that VEGFA was downregulated, while MMP9 and IL-1B were upregulated in patients with atherosclerosis. Molecular docking suggested that only MMP9 had a good combination with quercetin. The cell experiment results suggested that naringenin and quercetin have strong anti-inflammation effects, and significantly inhibit the expression of MMP9.
Practical Applications
Artemisiae argyi is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been widely used for its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects. This research demonstrated the bioactive ingredients, potential targets, and molecular mechanism of Folium Artemisiae argyi in treating atherosclerosis. It also suggests a reliable approach in investigating the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese herbal medicine in treating Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).
Recurrent Dislocations of Bipolar Components: A Rare Complication of Bipolar Femoral Head Replacement
Authors: Li Zhenhua , Yu Haiying , Zeng Yuyuan , Yang Zhen , You Yihang , Zhang Tao 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Prosthesis dislocation is considered one of rare complications after artificial femoral head arthroplasty. We present a case of the complication related to small head dislocation from the cup. This was a 70-year-old female with acute cerebral infarction patient undergoing three operative treatments after the femoral neck fracture within a short perioperative period. The dislocation was not resolved until the last revision of partial prosthetic components. Prosthetic components dislocation is rarely reported, yet it may cause open reduction once happened in patients. Special attention should be warranted to the implants and the special patients as they might suffer from the recurrent dislocation and be amenable to surgical treatment.
Socioeconomic, demographic and environmental factors inform malaria intervention prioritization in urban Nigeria
Authors: Chiziba Chilochibi , Diallo Ousmane , Bertozzi-Villa Amelia , Weiss Dan , Mercer Laina , Gerardin Jaline , Ozodiegwu Ifeoma D. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
Nigeria is one of three countries projected to have the largest absolute increase in the size of its urban population and this could intensify malaria transmission in cities. Accelerated urban population growth is outpacing the availability of affordable housing and basic services and resulting in living conditions that foster vector breeding and heterogeneous malaria transmission. Understanding community determinants of malaria transmission in urban areas informs the targeting of interventions to populations at greatest risk.
Methods
In this study, we analyzed cluster-level data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) and the Malaria Indicator Survey (MIS) as well as geospatial covariates to describe malaria burden and its determinants in areas administratively defined as urban in Nigeria. Univariate and multivariable models were respectively used to identify potential intervention prioritization thresholds and likely casual impact of individual variables.
Results
Overall, we found low malaria test positivity across urban areas. We observed declines in test positivity rate over time and identified the percentage of individuals with post-primary education, the percentage of individuals in the rich wealth quintiles, the percentage of individuals living in improved housing in 2015, all age population density, median age, the percentage of children under the age of five that sought medical treatment for fever, total precipitation, and enhanced vegetation index as key community predictors of malaria transmission intensity.
Conclusions
The unrepresentativeness of the DHS and MIS in urban settings at the state and geopolitical zonal level, regional differences in malaria seasonality across Nigeria, and information detection bias were among likely factors that limited our ability to compare malaria burden across geographic space and ultimately drove model uncertainty. Nevertheless, study findings provide a starting point for informing decisions on intervention prioritization within urban spaces and underscore the need for improved regionally focused surveillance systems in Nigeria.
The association between iron deficiency at diagnosis, female sex and tissue transglutaminase antibody normalization in pediatric Celiac disease
Authors: Zifman Eyal , Schujovitzky Dana , Moskovitz-Hivert Yaara , Galai Tut 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objectives: Iron deficiency (ID) is one of the most common manifestations of Celiac disease (CD). We aimed to determine whether ID at CD diagnosis affects tissue transglutaminase antibody (TTG) normalization rate among pediatric CD patients adhering to gluten free diet (GFD).
Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study which enrolled CD subjects aged 2-18y, diagnosed between Jan 2016 and Dec 2020. Demographic and laboratory data were collected at diagnosis and 1y after adherence to GFD. ID was determined according to hemoglobin and ferritin levels. We compared CD subjects with and without ID at CD diagnosis in relation to TTG normalization at 1y.
Results: Our cohort included 118 pediatric CD subjects. At diagnosis 61 (51.7%) of CD subjects had ID, of whom 27 (44.3%) were female, compared to 46 (80.7%) females in the non-ID group (p<0.001). Median age at CD diagnosis was 5.7y (IQR 4-8.4, range 2-14) and 7.2y (IQR 4.7-10.8, range 0.9-16) and among those with and without ID, respectively (p=0.1). After 1y of adherence to GFD, TTG normalization was achieved in 38 (65.5%) and 28 (53.8%) in those with and without ID at CD diagnosis, respectively (p=0.21). However, TTG normalization was achieved in 38 (79.2%) of males compared to 42 (49.4%) of females (p=0.001).
Conclusions: ID at the time of diagnosis was not associated with lower rates of TTG normalization at 1y among pediatric CD patients adhering to GFD. However, TTG normalization at 1y was significantly more frequent among male subjects compared to females.
The multidimension teaching evaluation based on modified CBL: A continuous survey in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Authors: Zhang Weiwei , Pan Kejian , Yang Ping , Wang Lan , He Lang , Wei He , Peng Quekun 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background
At the stage of clinical undergraduate education, the effective implementation of basic medicine course is a critical part of ensuring clinical medical practice, and an important prerequisite for promoting the continuity of undergraduate medical education. Modern medical education has also been exploring the effective transition from basic medicine courses to clinical practice. However, despite various means, there is a lack of effective models and assessment methods. This study explores a modified CBL model (mCBL) in an attempt to bridge the transition from basic medical education to clinical practice.
Methods
In this study, we conducted a controlled study of two classes in clinical specialties, with the control group using traditional blended teaching and the experimental group using BT + mCBL (blended teaching and modified CBL-based teaching). A "three-dimensional progressive" teaching evaluation method was used to assess satisfaction with teaching at three different stages, to compare final and graduation test scores of students.
Results
Through the three stages of teaching satisfaction evaluation, we found that after the implementation of BT + mCBL method, the experimental class had higher satisfaction than the control group in the three dimensions of "knowledge acquisition, clinical thinking training and comprehensive quality" (P < 0.05). The performance of the experimental class in the final examination was also significantly higher than that of the control group. Compared with the control group, students in the experimental group came up with more and better constructive suggestions for improvement of the teaching model.
Conclusion
The integration of clinical medicine and biomedical cases in the basic medical curriculum can better bridge theory and practice, promote students' clinical thinking training, and provide students with assistance for future clinical career planning.
Design and implementation of the intelligent system for automatically monitoring waterbirds in Quanzhou Bar Wetland
Authors: Wang Dehui , Que Xiang , Liu Jinfu , Chen Ruohai , Li Yimin , Zhang Yingqian 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
The abundance and quantity of waterbird species are often used to evaluate the ecological status of wetlands because most waterbirds are sensitive to the environment. Traditional methods of detecting waterbirds are not only time-consuming but also inaccurate. Some investigations may even be at risk of the natural environment, E.g., bad weather or wild animal attacks. To address this issue, we designed an intelligent waterbird automatic identification system based on Model-View-Viewmodel (MVVM) framework which can support high effectively, safe and long-time monitoring the native wetland waterbirds. To implement the system, we trained a waterbird identification model (WIM) using the YOLOv5 algorithm and deployed it on a back-end for real-time detections, species identifications, and recording counts at different time intervals. It was integrated into a WebGIS-based application, which can be helpful for user to observe the spatial distributions of waterbirds of different species and analyzing their changing laws. We employed a PostgreSQL Database to manage geospatial data and designed the corresponding data access APIs. In addition, a tool for uploading and labeling images online was implemented for pre-training, retraining, and updating the WIM. In our current system, the image Database plays a vital role and it is designed to be auto-update, which means that once our users finished uploading a new image, the pretrained WIM on the back-end will be updated automatically. Although the system is still on its initial testing phase, some results show that it works well. The identifying rate and recall of native waterbird can reach 81.00% and 99.00%, respectively. The ongoing system is able to meet the basic requirements of detecting native wetland waterbird species and record the maximum number of observations of different species within a certain time interval specified by users. And it will provide more information about for managers to better understand the waterbirds and the wetland environment.
Renal ammonia dynamics and baseline plasma levels of key ammoniagenic substrates in healthy New Zealand White rabbits
Authors: Walsh Patrick A. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Because the kidney of the rabbit differs in so many ways to the kidney of other eutherian mammals, it was decided to quantify to what extent renal ammoniagenesis contributes to the maintenance of normal acid – base balance in healthy rabbits. Furthermore, by analysing the plasma concentrations of known renal ammoniagenic substrates, and comparing these values to those found in humans, it was hoped to identify if there were any possible species difference in regard to a preference for a specific substrate.
Blood was collected from eleven, fasted and untreated male New Zealand White rabbits. A plasma ammonia concentration of 77.2 ± 44.7 µmol / Litre (N = 11) was recorded, which is outside the normal human reference limit of 11 – 60 µmol / Litre for this analyte. 70% of the filtered plasma load of ammonia was reabsorbed by the rabbit kidneys, while 30% was excreted in the urine. No intrarenal ammoniagenesis was detected.
The assayed plasma levels of the renal ammoniagenic substrates, L-glutamine, L-glutamic acid, triglycerides, non – esterified fatty acids, and D-(—)-3-Hydroxybutyrate were all found to be within normal human limits.
In conclusion, the healthy rabbit, who is described zoologically as a folivore, does not generate renal ammonia to maintain its normal systemic and urinary acid – base balance. Furthermore, the plasma level of key renal ammoniagenic substrates in the rabbit were found to be no different to that which have been observed in humans.
Reliability of sealer penetration measurement methods and assessment of dentine penetrability after endodontic retreatment: A correlation study between confocal microscopy and micro-computed tomography.
Authors: Aldawood Sukainah , Omar Omar , Almohazey Dana , Atmeh Amre 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Objectives: To evaluate the reliability of sealer penetration measurement methods used with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) in correlation with the percentage of residual root filling, and to examine the effect of residual root filling on dentine penetrability after endodontic retreatment.
Materials & Methods: Root canals of extracted teeth were prepared and obturated using different calcium silicate-based sealers (CSBSs): BioRoot-RCS, MTA-Fillapex, Bio-C, or epoxy resin-based sealer (ERBS) (AH-Plus) and single cone gutta-percha. After 8-week storage, the root filling material was removed, and canals were chemo-mechanically prepared again before obturation using warm vertical compaction and fluorescein labelled ERBS. Control teeth obturated using warm vertical compaction and labelled ERBS were not retreated. Sealer penetration was measured from images obtained by CLSM using 4 methods: maximum and average depth, penetration area, and penetration percentage. Using Spearman’s test, penetration measurements were correlated with the residual filling material obtained from micro-computed tomography.
Results: The highest correlation was with the penetration percentage method. Significant differences were found among sealers in the percentage of residual filling material and sealer penetration (p<0.05). The apical third was associated with significantly lower penetration and higher residual root filling compared with coronal (p=0.013) and middle (p=0.016) thirds, respectively. When compared with non-retreated teeth, the penetrability of dentine was not affected by the residual root filling material regardless to the sealer type (p=0.094).
Conclusions: Measuring sealer penetration into radicular dentine using the penetration percentage method was found to be the most reliable. Dentine penetrability during retreatment did not seem to be affected by the type of residual root filling material.
Clinical Significance: During non-surgical endodontic retreatment, dentine penetrability may not be affected by the residual root filling material after canal preparation regardless to the type of sealer used in the initial treatment.
Cardiorenal Outcomes of Treatment with Direct Oral Anticoagulants and Warfarin in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation
Authors: Wang Yu-Ting , Chen Jo-Hsin , Liao Shu-Fen , Chen Yu-Jen , Lip Gregory Y. H. , Yeh Jong-Shiuan 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Background Life-long oral anticoagulation therapy with warfarin or direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) is the mainstay for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). The DOACs might potentially have lower risk on decline in renal function than warfarin. The aim of this study was to examine the renal outcomes among rivaroxaban, edoxaban, dabigatran and warfarin.
Method Using a clinical database from a single-center, this cohort study identified 2203 adults with AF who started anticoagulation therapy between July 1, 2013 and December 31, 2020. Inverse probability of treatment weighting was adopted to balance baseline characteristics among four groups. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiorenal outcomes, involving ≥ 30% decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), renal failure, cardiovascular death, and renal death. Other renal outcomes of interest including ≥ 30% decline in eGFR, doubling of serum creatinine, the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) and renal failure, were analyzed.
Result We studied 595 patients on warfarin, who were compared to 244, 1070 and 289 patients on dabigatran, rivaroxaban and edoxaban, respectively. After propensity score weighting, dabigatran was associated with significantly lower risk of ≥ 30% decline in eGFR (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.69; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.497 to 0.951; p = 0.0237), doubling of serum creatinine (HR:0.49; 95% CI: 0.259 to 0.927; p = 0.0282), and the composite of cardiorenal outcomes (HR:0.67; 95% CI: 0.485 – 0.913; p = 0.0115) compared with warfarin. Rivaroxaban and edoxaban did not show statistically significant protective effects on any renal outcomes, compared to warfarin.
Conclusion In this retrospective, single center study, patients treated with dabigatran had significantly reduced risk of decline in renal function and cardiorenal events, when compared to those treated with warfarin. In contrast, rivaroxaban and edoxaban were not associated with lower risk of AKI and renal failure when compared to warfarin.