bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Omnibus diagnostic procedures for vector multiplicative errors models
Authors: Meintanis Simos G. , Ngatchou-Wandji Joseph , Hudecová Šárka 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We suggest specification tests for the conditional mean function in vector multiplicative error models. The test statistics are easy to compute given a suitable estimator of the model parameters. Consistency of the test statistic is proved, the asymptotic distribution of the test under the null hypothesis is studied, while a bootstrap resampling is used in order to approximate critical points and actually carry out the test. Finite-sample results are presented as well as applications of the proposed procedures to real data from the financial markets.
Testing for changes in the error distribution in functional linear models
Authors: Neumeyer Natalie , Selk Leonie 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We consider linear models with scalar responses and covariates from a separable Hilbert space. The aim is to detect change points in the error distribution, based on sequential residual empirical distribution functions. Expansions for those estimated functions are more challenging in models with infinite-dimensional covariates than in regression models with scalar or vector-valued covariates due to a slower rate of convergence of the parameter estimators. Yet the suggested change point test is asymptotically distribution-free and consistent for one-change point alternatives. In the latter case we also show consistency of a change point estimator.
Endothelial dysfunction in acute ischemic stroke: a review
Authors: Kleeberg Antonia , Luft Thomas , Golkowski Daniel , Purrucker Jan C. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background and Purpose
Endothelial dysfunction is considered an emerging therapeutic target to prevent complications during acute stroke and to prevent recurrent stroke. This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge on endothelial dysfunction, outline the diagnostic methods used to measure it and highlight the drugs currently being investigated for the treatment of endothelial dysfunction in acute ischemic stroke.

Methods
The PubMed® and ClinicalTrials.gov electronic databases were searched for eligible articles/studies dealing with endothelial dysfunction and stroke. The references of the articles were screened to identify additional sources. The data were abstracted and summarized.

Findings and discussion
Endothelial dysfunction can be measured by serum biomarkers as well as by ultrasound or plethysmography techniques. Drugs targeting endothelial dysfunction include widely used agents such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or isosorbide mononitrate, but also experimental therapies such as endothelial progenitor cells.

Conclusion
The role of endothelial dysfunction in acute ischemic stroke has been studied increasingly in recent years. It has been shown that there is a correlation between endothelial dysfunction and parenchymal hematoma after endovascular thrombectomy. Also, early clinical trials are conducted investigating, e.g., endothelial progenitor cells in the treatment of endothelial dysfunction in ischemic stroke. Current research focuses on the integration of novel markers of endothelial dysfunction into routine clinical practice to support decision making in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.
Constant-competitiveness for random assignment Matroid secretary without knowing the Matroid
Authors: Santiago Richard , Sergeev Ivan , Zenklusen Rico 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
The Matroid Secretary Conjecture is a notorious open problem in online optimization. It claims the existence of an O(1)-competitive algorithm for the Matroid Secretary Problem (MSP). Here, the elements of a weighted matroid appear one-by-one, revealing their weight at appearance, and the task is to select elements online with the goal to get an independent set of largest possible weight. O(1)-competitive MSP algorithms have so far only been obtained for restricted matroid classes and for MSP variations, including Random-Assignment MSP (RA-MSP), where an adversary fixes a number of weights equal to the ground set size of the matroid, which then get assigned randomly to the elements of the ground set. Unfortunately, these approaches heavily rely on knowing the full matroid upfront. This is an arguably undesirable requirement, and there are good reasons to believe that an approach towards resolving the MSP Conjecture should not rely on it. Thus, both Soto (SIAM Journal on Computing 42(1): 178-211, 2013.) and Oveis Gharan and Vondrák (Algorithmica 67(4): 472-497, 2013.) raised as an open question whether RA-MSP admits an O(1)-competitive algorithm even without knowing the matroid upfront. In this work, we answer this question affirmatively. Our result makes RA-MSP the first well-known MSP variant with an O(1)-competitive algorithm that does not need to know the underlying matroid upfront and without any restriction on the underlying matroid. Our approach is based on first approximately learning the rank-density curve of the matroid, which we then exploit algorithmically.
Landslides in a changing world
Authors: Alcántara-Ayala Irasema 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
This article investigates the multifaceted dimensions to understand the interrelatedness among global change drivers and their implications for landslide hazards and disaster risk. Drawing on empirical research, it utilised a mixed-methods design; the research combined diverse data sources and experiential insights on the interdependencies bounded by local context and global scale. The findings underscore the urgent need for holistic approaches that consider the complex dimensions of landslides as socio-natural hazards and global change, emphasising the importance of collaboration, innovation, and international cooperation in building resilience and mitigating the adverse effects of landslide disaster risk on global systems and societies. Furthermore, the challenge of reducing landslide disaster risk lies in understanding and addressing the interplay between socio-environmental transformations and geodynamic processes. The escalating effects of climate change, urban expansion, and deforestation are anticipated to magnify the occurrence of landslides, thereby posing significant risks to human lives, infrastructure, ecosystems, and livelihoods. However, most importantly, these risks are further compounded by environmental, social, economic, political, cultural, and technological spheres associated with globalisation. The systemic nature of disaster risk, particularly landslides in a changing world, highlights the interconnectedness of different systems, resulting in complex causality and cascading impacts. These insights contribute to the broader discourse on sustainability by providing empirical evidence that supports integrated approaches to achieving long-term disaster risk reduction based upon the equitable and sustainable use of territories while integrating robust disaster risk management strategies to ensure resilient communities and ecosystems.
More than garden plants: extending the conversation of urban gardens as an important refuge for Australian birds
Authors: Steven Rochelle , Newsome David 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Inadequacies in public protected area networks dictates that private land will play an important role in the conservation of biodiversity in the coming decades. Household gardens are a key example of private lands that can serve as refuges for biodiversity, with birds as a popular flagship for garden biodiversity. Discussion has focused heavily on the species of plant a resident might select to attract birds to their garden. In this paper, we describe additional and important factors that should form part of this broader conversation on gardens for birds and biodiversity, with a specific aim of drawing attention to species that are at risk of localised extinctions in modern urban landscapes – urban adaptors. We present our commentary in two themes: (a) mitigating threats to birds in the urban environment and (b) enhancing the habitat value of the urban environment for a broader range of bird species. We provide a synthesis of the research of recent years that has explored the urban environment and its ability to support birds, but importantly, we extend on this by bringing together topics that have been somewhat lacking in the discussion to date. In a new approach to this conversation, this paper brings together key topics that can no longer be considered in isolation if we are to make significant conservation gains in the environments were most Australians now reside.
Full-Scale Fire Testing to Assess the Risk of Battery Electric Vehicle Fires in Underground Car Parks
Authors: Kang Sungwook , Kwon Minjae , Choi Joung Yoon , Choi Sengkwan 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Battery-only electric vehicle (BEV) fires have recently emerged as a significant safety concern in modern society, particularly when they occur in car parking spaces, where the consequences can be severe. While relatively few fatalities and injuries are reported, the associated economic losses are substantial. Car park structures present several challenges from a fire safety perspective, including high energy content, confined geometry, and difficulties in detecting and accessing to the fire’s origin due to smoke accumulation in spaces with limited ventilation and exits. This study investigates this fire hazard by conducting a full-scale fire test on a modern BEV in an instrumented test rig that simulates a segment of an underground car park. The data obtained were compared with standard fire curves to assess the hazard’s characteristics and with the data from a companion study to identify differences between BEV fires in underground and surface car parks. The primary difference observed was deflagration venting, which occurred shortly after the initial ignition of combustible gases accumulated beneath the ceiling, lasting until 13 min and 5 s. This phenomenon led to a rapid initial growth of the BEV fire, which burned more intensely for a shorter duration in the semi-enclosed configuration comparted to the open configuration. The enclosed fire recorded an average ceiling-jet temperature of approximately 1100°C and a peak incident heat flux exceeding 225 kW/m2. Additionally, thermal runaway within the lithium-ion battery cells was analysed to understand the adverse effects of the enclosed environment on thermal runaway propagation. This fire testing provides critical insights for developing firefighting strategies including the proper preparation of equipment and the design of fire protection systems. The principal findings could inform tactics for mitigating unforeseen fire risks and contribute to revisions of fire safety regulations.
Recent advances on support materials for enhanced Pt-based catalysts: applications in oxygen reduction reactions for electrochemical energy storage
Authors: Zhan Feng , Huang Lingyun , Luo Yue , Chen Muyang , Tan Rui , Liu Xinhua , Liu Gang , Feng Zhiming 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
As the demand for sustainable energy solutions grows, developing efficient energy conversion and storage technologies, such as fuel cells and metal-air batteries, is vital. Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) is a significant limitation in electrochemical systems due to its slower kinetics. Although Pt-based catalysts are commonly used to address this challenge, their high cost and suboptimal performance remain significant obstacles to further development. This review offers a comprehensive overview of advanced support materials aimed at improving the efficiency, durability, and cost-effectiveness of Pt-based catalysts. By examining a range of materials, including mesoporous carbon, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and metal oxides, the review clarifies the relationship between the structural properties of these supports and their influence on ORR performance. Additionally, it discusses the fundamental characteristics of these materials, their practical applications in fuel cells, and explores potential solutions and future directions for optimizing Pt-based catalysts to advance sustainable energy conversion technologies. Future research could focus on nano-engineering and composite material development to unlock the full potential of Pt-based catalysts, significantly enhancing their economic viability and performance in energy applications.
Let the noise flow away: combating noisy labels using normalizing flows
Authors: Su Kuan-An , Su YiHao , Lien Yun-Hsuan , Wang Yu-Shuen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
We introduce NoiseFlow, a generative network that addresses the issue of noisy labels in classification problems by modeling the entire label distribution based on the input data/image. Unlike previous methods, which assign each input to only one specific class, NoiseFlow generates different labels by considering the image and a random noise drawn from a standard normal distribution. This approach improves generalization performance since it does not require extensive parameter adjustments to fit the unknown data noise. To model the label distribution, we use conditional normalizing flows, which are effective at avoiding mode collapse and ensuring the presence of the correct label in the distribution for accurate classification. Moreover, NoiseFlow can be combined with other training strategies, such as mixup interpolation and contrastive learning, to achieve even better performance. We compared NoiseFlow with baseline methods on several synthetic and real-world datasets, and the experiment results demonstrate its effectiveness.
Morphological conditions on movement-chain resolution
Authors: Yuan Michelle 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Recent research on the Copy Theory of Movement has suggested that the realization of movement chains may be regulated by well-formedness conditions governing complex word formation, such as the Stray Affix Filter (e.g., Nunes 2004; Landau 2006). This paper extends this idea to account for certain underdocumented patterns of noun incorporation in Inuktitut (Eastern Canadian Inuit). In contrast to most prior characterizations of incorporation in the Inuit language, I demonstrate that, at least in Inuktitut, incorporated nominals are syntactically active DPs: they are able to participate in case and agreement alternations and undergo phrasal movement. These findings, in turn, motivate an analysis in which incorporation in at least Inuktitut takes place solely to satisfy the morphosyntactic requirements of certain verbs that are lexically specified as affixal (cf. Sadock 1985, 1991). The observation that incorporated nouns invariably surface within the verb complex even when extracted follows straightforwardly from the aforementioned interaction between chain resolution and the Stray Affix Filter.
Evaluating the prognostic role of glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in first line: a study by the Turkish Oncology Group Kidney Cancer Consortium (TKCC)
Authors: Bolek Hatice , Kuzu Omer Faruk , Sertesen Camoz Elif , Sim Saadet , Sekmek Serhat , Karakas Hilal , Isık Selver , Günaltılı Murat , Akkus Aysun Fatma , Tural Deniz , Arslan Cagatay , Goksu Sema Sezin , Sever Ozlem Nuray , Karadurmus Nuri , Karacin Cengiz , Sendur Mehmet Ali Nahit , Yekedüz Emre , Urun Yuksel 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Purpose
Identifying prognostic indicators for risk stratification in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) is crucial for optimizing treatment strategies and follow-up plans. This study aims to investigate the prognostic role of the glucose-to-lymphocyte ratio (GLR) in patients with mRCC receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) as first-line therapy.

Methods
A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from the Turkish Oncology Group Kidney Cancer Consortium Database. GLR was calculated by dividing the fasting glucose (mmol/L) by the lymphocyte count (×109/L). We categorized patients into two categories based on their median GLR level.

Results
The analysis included a total of 598 patients. We found that progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly longer in the GLR-low group, with a median PFS of 15.05 months (95% CI 12.7–17.4) compared to 7.79 months (95% CI 6.6–9.0) in the GLR-high group (p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified GLR as an independent risk factor for poor PFS (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.12–1.72; p = 0.003). Overall survival (OS) was also significantly longer in the GLR-low group, with a median OS of 38.47 months (95% CI, 30.9–46.0) compared to 24.15 months (95% CI 18.0–30.2) in the GLR-high group (p = 0.001). GLR was an independent predictor for OS in multivariate analysis (HR 1.45, 95% CI 1.12–1.86; p = 0.004).

Conclusion
The GLR can be a valuable prognostic marker for glucose metabolism and systemic inflammatory status in this patient population. Our research highlights the potential prognostic value of GLR in patients with mRCC receiving TKIs, indicating its potential as a useful tool for clinical decision-making.
Nonlinear photoexcitation processes at a MAPbBr3/GaAs heterointerface
Authors: Mahamu Hambalee , Bourzier Matthias , Asahi Shigeo , Kita Takashi 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
While a significant part of the solar energy lies in the infrared range, common semiconductors cannot absorb this part of the solar irradiance by direct band-to-band transitions, because the corresponding photon energies are below the bandgap energy. Two-step photon up-conversion (TPU) is one of the processes that allows us to harvest energy in the region below the bandgap, and one possible approach to realize a TPU-based solar cell is to use an AlGaAs/GaAs heterointerface with quantum dots in order to induce additional intraband transitions. On the other hand, here we report on the TPU phenomenon at a methylammonium lead bromide/gallium arsenide (MAPbBr3/GaAs) heterointerface without quantum dots. For this heterojunction, we observed high-energy photoemission by low-energy photoinjection, demonstrating the TPU. By using photoluminescence (PL) and time-resolved PL measurement techniques, we elucidate the mechanism of the PL emission from MAPbBr3 observed from MAPbBr3/GaAs samples. Through the comparisons of the experimental PL and TRPL results between the MAPbBr3/GaAs and MAPbBr3/Glass-substrate samples, we successfully distinguish the TPU phenomenon from the ordinal two-photon absorption of MAPbBr3. Our findings in the TPU at the MAPbBr3/GaAs heterointerface may help to realize quantum-dot-free photon up-conversion solar cells.
CAR-T therapy toxicities: the importance of macrophages in their development and possible targets for their management
Authors: Norton Joseph , Stiff Patrick 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
CAR-T cell therapies have risen to prominence over the last decade, and their indications are increasing with several products approved as early as second line in Large B Cell non-Hodgkin Lymphomas. Their major toxicities are the cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and the Immune-effector Cell Associated Neurotoxicity Syndrome (ICANS). These entities involve a hyperinflammatory cascade which is amplified through the mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS). Herein, we review the immune mediated adverse events related to CAR therapy, including their pathophysiologies, and current therapies. In particular, we discuss the emerging role of the MPS in both the toxicity and efficacy of CAR-T therapy, and possible avenues for the modulation of the MPS to optimize efficacy while minimizing toxicity.
Use of oral midodrine for weaning off norepinephrine in patients with septic shock
Authors: Obaya Mohamed , Soliman Randa , Abdelfattah Alia , Arafa Moamen 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Early administration of norepinephrine in septic shock patients is linked to better survival rates. However, vasopressor dependence often occurs during the recovery phase, delaying ICU discharge.

Objectives
A comparative study was conducted on patients admitted with a diagnosis of septic shock over 2 years regarding the use of oral midodrine in weaning them off norepinephrine.

Patients and methods
The population in this study included 100 patients admitted to the adult ICU department with septic shock between October 2016 and August 2018. Participants were divided into two cohorts: Group I was administered only IV norepinephrine, whereas Group II was given both IV norepinephrine and midodrine. Participants in the midodrine group were administered 10 mg of midodrine orally every 8 h.

Results
Results showed that patients not receiving oral midodrine had higher NE doses, longer NE infusion duration, extended NE weaning time, and increased ICU and hospital stay compared to those who did receive oral midodrine (p < 0.001). Our study indicates that oral midodrine was not a predictor of survival rate (p = 0.964).

Conclusions
Midodrine may serve as a valuable adjunct for weaning from IV vasopressors in septic shock patients. Septic shock patients who received midodrine for IV norepinephrine weaning showed significantly lower NE doses, durations of NE infusion, and NE weaning times.
The FINRA Foundation’s National Financial Capability Study: Unpacking 12 years of data on U.S. financial capability
Authors: Valdes Olivia M. , Mottola Gary R. , Lin Judy T. , Bumcrot Christopher 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThe National Financial Capability Study (NFCS) is a large-scale, ongoing research project of the FINRA Foundation that provides a broad range of stakeholders the ability to examine and better understand the financial capability of U.S. adults. First introduced in 2009, the NFCS has dozens of publicly available reports and data sets that are free to download. Data from the NFCS contain information on people’s ability to make ends meet, their management of financial products and services, the extent to which they plan ahead, their financial knowledge and decision-making, and numerous other topics. This paper provides an overview of the history, methodology, and some insights gained from the NFCS over the years. In addition, given the NFCS’ unique role as the birthplace of the Big 5 financial literacy questions that are present in all waves of the NFCS, we discuss the role of the NFCS in aiding our understanding of financial knowledge in the United States. The paper concludes with a look toward the future of the NFCS.
Phylogeography of Antarctic soil invertebrate fauna reveals ancient origins, repeated colonization and recent evolution
Authors: Ross Giles M. , Rymer Paul D. , Cook James M. , Nielsen Uffe N. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAntarctica is populated by a diverse array of terrestrial fauna that have successfully adapted to its extreme environmental conditions. The origins and diversity of the taxa have been of continuous interest to ecologists since their discovery. Early theory considered contemporary populations as descendants of recent arrivals; however, mounting molecular evidence points to firmly established indigenous taxa far earlier than the Last Glacial Maximum, thus indicating more ancient origins. Here we present insights into Antarctica's terrestrial invertebrates by synthesizing available phylogeographic studies. Molecular dating supports ancient origins for most indigenous taxa, including Acari (up to 100 million years ago; Ma), Collembola (21–11 Ma), Nematoda (~30 Ma), Tardigrada (> 1 Ma) and Chironomidae (> 49 Ma), while Rotifera appear to be more recent colonizers (~130 Ka). Subsequent population bottlenecks and rapid speciation have occurred with limited gene transfer between Continental and Maritime Antarctica, while repeated wind- or water-borne dispersal and colonization of contiguous regions during interglacial periods shaped current distributions. Greater knowledge of Antarctica's fauna will focus conservation efforts to ensure their persistence.