bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
KONSEP SAB‘A SAMA<WA<T DALAM AL-QUR’AN (Studi Komparasi Penafsiran Saintifik antara Tafsir Mafa>tih al-Ghaib dan Tafsir Ilmi Kementerian Agama RI)
Authors: Irfani Zidni 
Published: May 2023

Penelitian ini berjudul “Konsep Sab’a Sama>wa>t dalam Mafa>tih al-Ghaib dan Tafsir Ilmi Kementerian Agama RI”. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada mengetahui makna sab’a sama>wa>t dalam Tafsir Mafa>tih al-Ghaib dan Tafsir Ilmi Kementerian Agama RI. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui makna sab’a sama>wa>t yang terdapat di beberapa ayat Al-Qur’an dalam perspektif Tafsir Mafa>tih al-Ghaib karya Imam Fakhruddi>n al-Ra>zi> dan Tafsir Ilmi Kementerian Agama RI. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sab’a sama>wa>t menurut Fakhruddi>n al-Ra>zi> dan Tafsir Ilmi Kemenag RI merupakan salah satu tanda kekuasaan Allah SWT yang diciptakan secara berlapis-lapis (bertingkat-tingkat). Pengertiannya, yang satu lebih jauh dari lainnya, karena yang satu lebih atas dari yang lainnya. Tujuh langit tersebut tetap kokoh di alam raya ini, tanpa ada tiang-tiang yang menyangga dan tanpa ada tali yang mengikat.
KONSEP INTERAKSI SOSIAL DALAM AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Hamzah Hamzah , Fajar Al 
Published: May 2023

Konsep interaksi sosial yang terdapat di dalam al-Qur’an mempunyai banyak karakter dan macam-macamnya, setiap ayat yang berbicara tentang interaksi memiliki makna-makna yang bisa dibilang berbeda, namun jika diteliti dengan seksama itu semua adalah satu pemahaman. Seperti yang terdapat pada surah al-Mumtahanah ayat 8 bahwasannya interaksi sosial itu adalah proses timbal balik yang dilakukan oleh seluruh belahan manusia dengan tidak membeda-bedakan antara ras, suku, ideologi, negara bahkan agama. Dan Allah SWT tidak melarang atau bahkan menganjurkan untuk berinteraksi kepada siapapun. Dalam artian berintraksi kepada orang-orang yang tidak memerangi kalian. Dan Allah SWT juga menganjurkan untuk berbuat adil dengan mereka semuanya. Berbuat adil dalam masalah interaksi itu tidak ada batasannya, baik kepada sesama agama maupun lintas agama. Dengan syarat interaksi sosial yang terjalin itu tidak melanggar syari’at dan hukum-hukum Allah SWT.Interaksi sosial adalah suatu hubungan timbal balik yang dilakukan oleh sekelompok masyarakat. Baik antara individu dengan individu, individu dengan kelompok maupun kelompok dengan kelompok, yang mana tidak saling membedakan atara satu dengan yang lain, baik dari aspek sosial, kasta, posisi, suku, ekonomi bahkan agama.
KONTEKSTUALISASI MAKNA JAHILIYAH PERSPEKTIF SAYYID QUTUB DALAM KITAB FI ZILAL AL-QUR’AN
Authors: Shidqi M Yusron , Fauzi Moh Zainuri 
Published: May 2023

Bermula dari pernyataan Sayyid Qutub yang mengatakan bahwa jahiliyah bukanlah kebalikan dari apa yang dinamakan ilmu pengetetahuan (‘ilm), akan tetapi Jahiliyah yang dimaksud dalam Al-Qur’an adalah keadaan spritual yang menolak uluhiyyah Allah dan suatu aturan atau sistem yang bertolak belakang dengan hukum Allah. Boleh dikatakan bahwa Jahiliyah itu adalah kebalikan dari Islam dan bertentangan dengan Islam. Dan juga kejahiliyahan itu tidak hanya terbatas dalam waktu tertentu saja, akan tetapi Jahiliyah adalah suatu tatanan, suatu aturan, suatu sistem yang dapat dijumpai kemarin, hari ini, bahkan hari esok. Tentu pendapat ini mengejutkan mengingat hampir suluruh umat muslim mengakui bahwa jahiliyah adalah suatu masa sebelum datangnya Islam. Dengan demikan, maka penelitian ini betujuan untuk mengkaji metode-metode yang digunakan Sayyid Qutub dalam menafsirkan sebuah ayat-ayat jahiliyah sehingga menghasilkan pemaknaan yang demikian itu. Penelitian ini tergolong penelitian kualitatif dengan model study kepustakaan (library research) dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui metode dokumentasi. Adapun yang menjadi sumber primer dalam penelitian ini adalah kitab Tafsir fi Zilal al-Qur’an dan juga literatur-literatur kepustakaan yang relevan dengan topik pembahasan. Dengan metode analisis data deskriptif-analisis diharapkan akan dapat mengetahui metode-metode yang digunakan Sayyid Qutub dalam menafsirkan sebuah ayat.Melalui metode yang telah dipaparkan di atas menghasilkan sebuah kesimpulan bahwa Sayyid Qutub dalam menafsirkan sebuah ayat al-Qur’an secara kontekstual. Adapun metode yang digunakan Sayyid Qutub dalam menafsirkan sebuah ayat secara kontekstual adalah metode doubel-movent dengan pendekatan sosio-historis, sehingga menghasilkan sebuah makna kontekstual terhadap jahiliyah. Diantara makna-maknanya adalah; perilaku-perilaku yang tidak sesuai dengan aturan-aturan Allah, sebuah ideologi tanpa disertai argumentasi yang ilmiah, dan kesombongan serta fanatisme kesukuan.
AKIBAT KEPAILITAN TERHADAP PERUSAHAAN ASURANSI
Authors: SUHADI ENDI 
Published: May 2023

Dalam penelitian ini menunjukan akibat kepailitan pada perusahaan asuransi, baik akibat dalam bentuk material kepada nasabah yang dirugikan maupun dalam bentuk instabilitas keuangan nasional. Dengan adanya perusahaan asuransi dimaksudkan untuk meminimalisir risiko yang ditimbulkan terhadap pemegang polis, namun demikian kepailitan pada perusahaan asuransi dapat saja terjadi. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan yuridis normatif dengan menguatkan pada data yang bersifat emperis, dianalisis dengan metode normatif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan pertama, ketentuan kepailitan asuransi diajukan o;eh kementrian keuangan Republik Indonesia sebagai upaya preventif kerugian masyarakat para pemegang polis, kedua, akibat kepailitan perusahaan asuransi dapat terjadi dalam bentuk kerugian materil para pemegang polis yang harus diganti oleh perusahaan asuransi dan akibat hilangnya kepercayaan nasabah asuransi jika proses kepailitan tidak diselesaikan dengan baik.
Environment- and epigenome-wide association study of obesity in ‘Children of 1997’ birth cohort
Authors: Zhao Jie , Fan Bohan , Huang Jian , Cowling Benjamin John , Au Yeung Shiu Lun Ryan , Baccarelli Andrea , Leung Gabriel M , Schooling C Mary 
Published: May 2023

Background:Increasing childhood obesity is a global issue requiring potentially local solutions to ensure it does not continue into adulthood. We systematically identified potentially modifiable targets of obesity at the onset and end of puberty in Hong Kong, the most economically developed major Chinese city.Methods:We conducted an environment-wide association study (EWAS) and an epigenome-wide association study of obesity to systematically assess associations with body mass index (BMI) and waist–hip ratio (WHR) in Hong Kong’s population-representative ‘Children of 1997’ birth cohort. Univariable linear regression was used to select exposures related to obesity at ~11.5 years (BMI and obesity risk n ≤ 7119, WHR n = 5691) and ~17.6 years (n = 3618) at Bonferroni-corrected significance, and multivariable regression to adjust for potential confounders followed by replicated multivariable regression (n = 308) and CpG by CpG analysis (n = 286) at ~23 years. Findings were compared with evidence from published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies.Results:At ~11.5 and~17.6 years the EWAS identified 14 and 37 exposures associated with BMI, as well as 7 and 12 associated with WHR, respectively. Most exposures had directionally consistent associations at ~23 years. Maternal second-hand smoking, maternal weight, and birth weight were consistently associated with obesity. Diet (including dairy intake and artificially sweetened beverages), physical activity, snoring, binge eating, and earlier puberty were positively associated with BMI at ~17.6 years, while eating before sleep was inversely associated with BMI at ~17.6 years. Findings for birth weight, dairy intake, and binge eating are consistent with available evidence from RCTs or MR studies. We found 17 CpGs related to BMI and 17 to WHR.Conclusions:These novel insights into potentially modifiable factors associated with obesity at the outset and the end of puberty could, if causal, inform future interventions to improve population health in Hong Kong and similar Chinese settings.Funding:This study including the follow-up survey and epigenetics testing was supported by the Health and Medical Research Fund Research Fellowship, Food and Health Bureau, Hong Kong SAR Government (#04180097). The DNA extraction of the samples used for epigenetic testing was supported by CFS-HKU1.
Prediction study of prognostic nutrition index on the quality of life of patients with cervical cancer undergoing radiotherapy and chemotherapy
Authors: Chen Ying , Huang Bifen , Zheng Jianqing , He Fangjie 
Published: May 2023

Objective
To assess the prognostic nutritional index (PNI) and quality of life (QOL) of patients with cervical cancer (CC) who underwent radiotherapy and chemotherapy and to reveal the effect of PNI on QOL and its prognostic value.

Methods
A total of 138 CC patients who underwent radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from January 2020 to October 2022 were selected as the study subjects via convenient sampling. According to the PNI cut-off value of 48.8, they were divided into a high-PNI group and a low-PNI group, and the quality of life of the two groups was compared. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the survival curve, and the Log-Rank test was employed to compare the survival rates of the two groups.

Results
The scores of physical functioning and overall QOL in the high-PNI group were significantly higher than those in the low-PNI group (P < 0.05). The scores of fatigue, nausea and vomiting, pain and diarrhea were higher than those in the low-PNI group, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). The objective response rates were 96.77% and 81.25% in the high-PNI group and the low-PNI group, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.045). The 1-year survival rates of patients with high PNI and low PNI were 92.55% and 72.56% in the high-PNI group and the low-PNI group, respectively; the difference in survival rates was statistically significant (P = 0.006).

Conclusion
The overall quality of life of CC patients with low PNI receiving radiotherapy and chemotherapy is lower than that of patients with high PNI. Low PNI reduces the tolerance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy and the objective response rate, which can be used as a prognostic indicator for cervical cancer patients.
The Carbon Footprint Reduction Related to Domestic Heating Using Thermal Power Plant Waste Heat
Authors: Şeneren Merve , Yiğit Mahnaz Gümrükçüoğlu 
Published: May 2023

The carbon emissions created using fossil fuels for energy are the first place the carbon to the environment. Thermal power plants that burn coal or natural gas provide a significant part of this energy. It does not seem possible to avoid thermal power plants in the short term in future policies regarding energy. Thus, using the waste heat of these power plants for domestic heating to reduce carbon emissions for energy production also decreasing the global climate crisis is a critical practice. In terms of reducing the carbon footprint and the adverse effects of thermal power plants these practices are necessary steps.
In this study, two scenarios were created to reduce the carbon footprint of heating based on waste heat from the natural gas thermal power plant in Sakarya. This is considered with the district heating system in houses. For domestic heating, natural gas is used in the first scenario, coal is used in the second scenario, and the carbon footprint is determined. Emissions from the power plant's use of coal and natural gas are also determined. District heating using waste heat and its process and installation cost was also analyzed. As a result, it has been revealed that there will be a carbon reduction of 461,161.2 tons/year CO2e when natural gas is not used for domestic heating and 605,159.6 tons/year CO2e when coal is not used. All this is possible by the use of waste heat. The annual carbon emission of the power plant using natural gas was found to be 1,263,260.8 tons/year CO2e, and the emission value was found to be 9,682,554 tons/year CO2e when coal was used in the power plant. The study results will guide policymakers to reduce the carbon footprint of heating using district heating systems, both in Turkey and developing countries where fossil fuel thermal power plants are used.
Antibacterial Activity of Zea mays Silks and Husks Crude Extract on Biofilm Producing Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria from Urinary Catheters
Authors: Odelola Olanrewaju Samson , Oyetayo Victor Olusegun , Ogundare Ayodele Oluwayemisi , Omoya Funmilola Oluyemi , Ajayi Olugbenga Emmanuel 
Published: May 2023

Aims: This study was carried out to investigate the in-vitro antibacterial effect of the crude extracts of Corn (Zea mays) silks and husks on selected biofilm producing multi-drug resistant bacteria isolated from urinary catheter tips.
Study Design: Experimental design.
Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at the Federal University of Technology, Akure (FUTA) Ondo State, Nigeria.
Methodology: Bacterial isolates from urinary catheter tips were screened for biofilm production. The biofilm producing isolates were subjected to commercial antibiotics and isolates resistant to more than three classes of antibiotics were used for the study. Methanol and distilled water were used as extracting solvents for the corn silks and husks. The antibacterial activity and phytochemical analysis of the extracts were carried out using standard procedures.
Results: The phytochemical analysis of the methanol and aqueous extracts of corn husks and silks revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids and cardiac glycosides. The aqueous extract of corn husk showed highest inhibitory effects on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci with zones of inhibition ranging from 14.80 ± 1.89 mm to 24.40 ± 2.51 mm at 200 mg/mL. Proteus mirabilis exhibited resistance against all the extracts.
Conclusion: Findings from this study revealed the antibacterial potential of corn silks and husks extracts at varying concentrations. The potency of aqueous extract of husk at lower concentration (200 mg/mL) suggests its potential use in the treatment of urinary tract bacteria especially Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci.
The Set of Rationale Numbers is Countably Infinite-A Simple Proof
Authors: Wolfinger Bernd E. 
Published: May 2023

This research note presents a very simple proof of the interesting fact that the set Q of rationale numbers is still countably infinite as is the set of natural and integer numbers. The proof is based on several innovative ideas and neither relies on Cantor’s well-known diagonalization approach nor on the non-trivial Cantor- Schroeder-Bernstein Theorem.
In addition, we present a new proposal for a simple injective function f: Q\(\to\)Z, which allows one to encode rationals in a highly efficient manner and at the same time it can be understood much more easily (even by non-mathematicians). Moreover, also the inverse function f -1 can be derived in an extremely simple manner. Nevertheless, the growth of length is only logarithmic if we compare the resulting length of f(r=p/q) with the value of p, while the length of q has no impact at all on the length of f (r). Our approach also allows us to introduce a total ordering for the set of rationale numbers in a straight-forward manner.
Comparison of Resuscitation Quality in Simulated Pediatric and Adult Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
Authors: Hansen Matthew , Walker-Stevenson Grace , Bahr Nathan , Harrod Tabria , Meckler Garth , Eriksson Carl , Guise Jeanne-Marie 
Published: May 2023

ImportanceMortality from pediatric out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is high and has not improved in decades, unlike adult mortality. The low frequency of pediatric OHCA and weight-based medication and equipment needs may lead to lower quality of pediatric resuscitation compared with adults.ObjectiveTo compare the quality of pediatric and adult resuscitation from OHCA in a controlled simulation environment and to evaluate whether teamwork, knowledge, experience, and cognitive load are associated with resuscitation performance.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsThis cross-sectional in-situ simulation study was conducted between September 2020 and August 2021 in the metropolitan area of Portland, Oregon, and included engine companies from fire-based emergency services (EMS) agencies.ExposuresParticipating EMS crews completed 4 simulation scenarios presented in random order: (1) adult female with ventricular fibrillation; (2) adult female with pulseless electrical activity; (3) school-aged child with ventricular fibrillation; and (4) infant with pulseless electrical activity. All patients were pulseless on EMS arrival. Data were captured by the research team in real time during the scenarios.Main outcomes and measuresThe primary outcome was defect-free care, which included correct cardiopulmonary resuscitation depth, rate, and compression to ventilation ratio, time to bag-mask ventilation, and time to defibrillation, if applicable. Outcomes were determined by direct observation by an experienced physician. Secondary outcomes included additional time-based interventions and the use of correct medication doses and equipment size. We measured teamwork using the clinical teamwork scale, cognitive load with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration task load index (NASA-TLX), and knowledge using advanced life support resuscitation tests.ResultsAmong the 215 clinicians (39 crews) who participated in 156 simulations, 200 (93%) were male, and the mean (SD) age was 38.7 (0.6) years. No pediatric shockable scenario was defect free and only 5 pediatric nonshockable scenarios (12.8%) were defect free, while 11 (28.2%) adult shockable scenarios and 27 adult nonshockable scenarios (69.2%) were defect free. The mental demand subscale of the NASA-TLX was higher in the pediatric compared with the adult scenarios (mean [SD] pediatric score, 59.1 [20.7]; mean [SD] adult score, 51.4 [21.1]; P = .01). Teamwork scores were not associated with defect-free care.Conclusions and RelevanceIn this simulation study of OHCA, resuscitation quality was significantly lower for pediatric than adult resuscitation. Mental demand may have been a contributor.
Enthalpy‐Driven Room‐Temperature Superwetting of Liquid Na–K Alloy as Flexible and Dendrite‐Free Anodes
Authors: Zhao Lingfei , Tao Ying , Lai Wei‐Hong , Hu Zhe , Peng Jian , Lei Yaojie , Cao Yuliang , Chou Shu‐Lei , Wang Yun‐Xiao , Liu Hua Kun , Dou Shi Xue 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSodium (Na) metal anodes are promising candidates for various batteries with high energy density and high‐power density, however, the dendrite growth of Na metal is impeding their practical applications. The binary alloy Na–K is in the liquid state at room temperature with a wide composition range, which renders it inherently free from solid dendrite growth. Whereas the application of Na–K alloy is plagued by the lack of a wettable matrix to immobilize the liquid metal. Herein, a facile method is reported to introduce oxygen‐rich functional groups into carbon fiber cloth (O‐CFC), which is initially Na–K phobic yet turns into superwetting after the treatment. The superwetting behavior of the O‐CFC can be attributed to the favorable enthalpy changes as a result of the introduction of O‐rich functional groups. The superwetting property of the O‐CFC exhibits good universality, which can be extended to melting Na and K metals. By adopting the superwetting O‐CFC as a host for liquid Na–K alloy, the liquid metal can be well retained in the matrix and deliver a stable cycling for >1600 h. The concept of enthalpy‐driven wettability regulation can be enlightening for the host material design of other liquid metals and alloys.
Shortening Focal Length of 100‐mm Aperture Flat Lens Based on Improved Sagnac Interferometer and Bifacial Liquid Crystal
Authors: Wen Yifeng , Zhang Qi , He Qiong , Zhang Feifei , Xiong Lingxing , Zhang Fei , Fu Guoquan , Xu Junwen , Pu Mingbo , Luo Xiangang 
Published: May 2023

AbstractConventional lens technologies face great challenges in applications requiring large apertures and small f‐numbers, while a liquid crystal (LC) lens based on geometric phase is a potential solution. However, the challenge of manufacturing a large size LC flat lens with high efficiency and high phase gradient still remains. Here, an improved interferometric exposure system is proposed to acquire a large‐size vectorial optical field for photo‐alignment. Bifacial LC layers are applied to reduce the focal length while maintaining a large aperture, high diffraction efficiency, and light weight. LC layers are deposited on both sides of the substrate with the same vector system. Finally, a bifacial LC flat lens with a 10 cm diameter and 88.37% diffraction efficiency is fabricated by using optical elements smaller than 2 in., while the effective focal length is reduced from 91.5 cm to 46 cm comparing to the single side LC lens. This work demonstrates the great advantages of LC‐based flat lenses for flat optical systems with large aperture.
Tailoring the Phonon Polaritons in α‐MoO3 via Proton Irradiation
Authors: Zhang Ya‐Nan , Tang Yuanjun , Qi Liujian , Feng Yanze , Li Mengda , An Junru , Wang Lei , Zhu Huiping , Li Bo , Li Dabing , Li Shaojuan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPhonon polaritons (PhPs) provide new prospects for the development of next generation nanophotonic devices due to the high optical confinement, low optical losses, and long lifetime. It is crucial to modulate the PhPs in already discovered materials in order to utilize PhPs efficiently and increase the device operability. In this work, oriented particle trace structures in α‐MoO3 are generated where the dielectric functions are broken by proton irradiation. Those particle trace structures act as in‐plane boundaries, launching and reflecting PhPs. In‐plane needle‐like PhPs in the intermediate state are obtained and finally the switching‐off of PhPs via increasing the irradiation fluences is achieved. Furthermore, the switching‐off PhPs are partly restored to original state by annealing. The method provides an opportunity to manipulate light at the nanoscale and construct in‐plane PhPs reflectors with the potential to be used for polaritonic devices and circuits.
Investigating the Trade‐off between Optical and Mechanical Properties during Constrained Sintering of Mesomorphic Ceramic Films
Authors: Cheng Xinquan , Zhang Wenshi , Chen Shaw H. , Anthamatten Mitchell 
Published: May 2023

AbstractRobust, transparent, and birefringent inorganic films are demanded for polarization control of high‐power lasers. While single crystals or films obtained via glancing angle deposition exhibit desirable optical properties and laser damage resistance, these methods are limited by cost and scalability. Mesomorphic ceramics as inorganic solids with liquid crystalline superstructure offer appealing transparency and birefringence but lack mechanical robustness due to their high porosity. Here, the effect of sintering on optical and mechanical properties of mesomorphic ceramics is evaluated. Films prepared by blade coating are sintered under varying conditions. Constrained sintering accomplished crystallite growth, densification, and morphological changes including necking as well as cracking while preserving the crystallographic orientation. The extent of sintering as a function of thermal treatment is quantified by morphology, surface area loss, and crystallite growth. Moreover, activation energies for surface diffusion and grain growth are estimated by surface area analysis and X‐ray diffraction peak narrowing, respectively. After sintering, birefringence decreases while Young's modulus and hardness improve as the film densifies. Upon partial sintering, mesomorphic ceramics retain transparency, high birefringence, and enhanced modulus. Laser‐induced damage threshold is measured as well. The reported results represent an important step toward the assembly and sintering of robust waveplates with high laser damage resistance.