bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
High night-to-night variability in sleep apnea severity is associated with uncontrolled hypertension
Authors: Lechat Bastien , Loffler Kelly A. , Reynolds Amy C. , Naik Ganesh , Vakulin Andrew , Jennings Garry , Escourrou Pierre , McEvoy R. Doug , Adams Robert J. , Catcheside Peter G. , Eckert Danny J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractObstructive sleep apnea (OSA) severity can vary markedly from night-to-night. However, the impact of night-to-night variability in OSA severity on key cardiovascular outcomes such as hypertension is unknown. Thus, the primary aim of this study is to determine the effects of night-to-night variability in OSA severity on hypertension likelihood. This study uses in-home monitoring of 15,526 adults with ~180 nights per participant with an under-mattress sleep sensor device, plus ~30 repeat blood pressure measures. OSA severity is defined from the mean estimated apnea–hypopnoea index (AHI) over the ~6-month recording period for each participant. Night-to-night variability in severity is determined from the standard deviation of the estimated AHI across recording nights. Uncontrolled hypertension is defined as mean systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or mean diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg. Regression analyses are performed adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index. A total of 12,287 participants (12% female) are included in the analyses. Participants in the highest night-to-night variability quartile within each OSA severity category, have a 50–70% increase in uncontrolled hypertension likelihood versus the lowest variability quartile, independent of OSA severity. This study demonstrates that high night-to-night variability in OSA severity is a predictor of uncontrolled hypertension, independent of OSA severity. These findings have important implications for the identification of which OSA patients are most at risk of cardiovascular harm.
Mycorrhizas drive the evolution of plant adaptation to drought
Authors: Cosme Marco 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPlant adaptation to drought facilitates major ecological transitions, and will likely play a vital role under looming climate change. Mycorrhizas, i.e. strategic associations between plant roots and soil-borne symbiotic fungi, can exert strong influence on the tolerance to drought of extant plants. Here, I show how mycorrhizal strategy and drought adaptation have been shaping one another throughout the course of plant evolution. To characterize the evolutions of both plant characters, I applied a phylogenetic comparative method using data of 1,638 extant species globally distributed. The detected correlated evolution unveiled gains and losses of drought tolerance occurring at faster rates in lineages with ecto- or ericoid mycorrhizas, which were on average about 15 and 300 times faster than in lineages with the arbuscular mycorrhizal and naked root (non-mycorrhizal alone or with facultatively arbuscular mycorrhizal) strategy, respectively. My study suggests that mycorrhizas can play a key facilitator role in the evolutionary processes of plant adaptation to critical changes in water availability across global climates.
Spaceborne LiDAR reveals the effectiveness of European Protected Areas in conserving forest height and vertical structure
Authors: Ceccherini Guido , Girardello Marco , Beck Pieter S. A. , Migliavacca Mirco , Duveiller Gregory , Dubois Grégoire , Avitabile Valerio , Battistella Luca , Barredo José I. , Cescatti Alessandro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe effectiveness of Protected Areas in conserving forest ecosystems has been examined at the continental scale using area-based habitat parameters, but knowledge of the three-dimensional structure of forest habitats is still lacking. Here, we assess the effectiveness of European Protected Areas in conserving the vertical structure of forests by analysing more than 30 million records from the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI), a spaceborne LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) mission. We compare a suite of indicators of the vertical structure of forests inside and outside nearly 10,000 protected areas. We find that European forests are on average 2 m taller and vertically more complex in protected areas than in nearby unprotected areas, albeit with some regional differences. At the same time, forests outside protected areas show greater variations in canopy height than inside, probably as a result of past and current forest management operations. Our findings highlight the positive imprint of environmental policies on forest structure across Europe and underscore how spaceborne LiDAR enables the large-scale monitoring of forest vertical structural attributes that are key to conservation and restoration policies.
Wireless body area networks task offloading method combined with multiple communication and computing resources supported by MEC
Authors: Zhu Changhong , Ren Junyu , Wan Haibin , Qin Tuanfa 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn recent years, mobile edge computing (MEC) has become a promising solution to solve the shortage of technical resources in wireless body area networks (WBANs). However, the existing research work has not fully utilized the communication and computing resources in WBANs scenarios. To solve this problem, a task offloading framework that combined with cellular, WiFi networks and device‐to‐device communications is proposed, that makes full use of resources to improve system reliability. Considering that a single MEC server may be overloaded by a large number of patients, the total task offloading cost and load variance is formulated into a multi‐objective optimization problem (MOOP). A non‐dominated sorting genetic algorithm with smart mobile device ‐ patient connection matrix (NSGA ‐SPCM) to solve the MOOP. In view that an SDM may connect multiple patients at the same time during chromosome crossing, the SPCM can quickly detect the unfeasible gene location and mutate it into viable. Simulation results show that the proposed framework and algorithm have good performance.
Two‐stage risk‐constrained stochastic optimal bidding strategy of virtual power plant considering distributed generation outage
Authors: Ghasemi‐Olanlari Farzin , Moradi‐Sepahvand Mojtaba , Amraee Turaj 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper presents an optimal bidding strategy for a technical and commercial virtual power plant (VPP) in medium‐term time horizon. A VPP includes various distributed energy resources (DERs) that can participate in the Pool and Futures markets. Although medium/long‐term scheduling provides the opportunity to participate in the futures market, it also raises the possibility of unit failure. In this regard, the impact of distributed generation (DG) units’ failure, as an important challenge in VPP, is incorporated in the proposed model. The model is formulated as a risk‐constrained two‐stage stochastic problem. The VPP signs futures market contracts in the first stage, and in the second stage, it participates in the day‐ahead (DA) market and manages its DERs. Long short‐term memory neural network and scenario generation and reduction methods are used to capture the uncertainty parameters of electrical load, DA market prices, wind speed, and solar radiation in the proposed model. The performance of proposed model is investigated in different cases. The obtained results show that the VPP can compensate the losses caused by the DG units’ failure through taking advantage of the arbitrage opportunity.
B‐MIMO high step‐up DC/DC converter with high capability to control inputs
Authors: Maalandish Mohammad , Hosseini Seyed Hossein , Sabahi Mehran , Rostami Naghi , Khooban Mohammad‐Hassan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractHere, a new bidirectional multi‐input‐multi‐output (B‐MIMO) high step‐up DC/DC converter with lower losses on switch/diode is proposed as suitable for electric vehicles. The proposed topology consists of five inputs and two outputs and the battery (energy storage) is considered one of the inputs. Due to the bidirectional nature of the proposed topology, different scenarios of it are described. In discharging mode, the stored energy of the battery is transferred to the output loads. In charging mode, the surplus energy by regenerative braking will be responsible for charging the battery in the related scenario. Also, each input can charge the battery separately in different scenarios. In general, the proposed topology is capable to work in different scenarios for bypassing/charging/discharging the battery. Other advantages of the proposed topology include continuous current of all the inputs, independent control of inputs from each other and lower normalized voltage stress on semiconductors. These features make the proposed bidirectional MIMO DC/DC converter (B‐MIMO‐C) suitable for electric vehicle applications. The proposed topology operation is provided in the laboratory testing for 870W prototype, and the obtained results confirm the theoretical calculations as well.
H∞$H_{\infty }$ optimal frequency control in islanded AC microgrids: A zero‐sum dynamic game approach
Authors: Sheikhahmadi Hêmin , Batmani Yazdan , Khayat Yousef , Konstantinou Charalambos 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a zero‐sum dynamic game (ZSDG) design to mitigate frequency deviations in the secondary control layer of islanded AC microgrids. By defining a min‐max optimization problem, where the control input minimizes the frequency deviations while the external disturbances maximizes the cost function, a robust control law is designed. The outcome leads to setting the frequency to its desired value and at the same time effects of disturbances are attenuated by applying the optimal controller in the secondary control level of AC microgrids. Since the basic ZSDG controller cannot eliminate adverse effects of external disturbances on the system frequency, an extended‐ZSDG (EZSDG) method is introduced to design an effective controller. Due to the lack of access to the state variables of the microgrids, a full‐order observer is designed to estimate these variables based on the measured output. In simulation results, the validity of the proposed EZSDG is investigated by considering uncertainties in both the communication and physical layers.
Handtherapie und Hilfsmittelversorgung bei der rheumatischen
Hand
Authors: Hassel Kathryn , Pinnig Meike 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Versorgung von Patienten mit Hilfsmitteln und Orthesen stellt eine wichtige
Pflicht in der Behandlung von rheumatischen Erkrankungen dar. Ziel der
Handtherapie und Hilfsmittelversorgung ist dabei die schmerzauslösenden
Belastungen zu reduzieren sowie bereits destruierte Gelenke zu stabilisieren und
zu schützen. Hierzu muss zum einen der Hilfsmittelbedarf ermittelt
werden und zum anderen die Patienten müssen in praktische Umsetzung des
Gelenkschutzes eingeführt werden. Eine enge Zusammenarbeit zwischen
Ergotherapie und orthopädischer/internistischer Rheumatologie
ist hierbei wichtig.
Asymmetry of Occupational Noise Induced Hearing Loss: An Electrophysiological Approach
Authors: DeJonckere Philippe Henri , Lebacq Jean 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Introduction The question as to whether occupational noise exposure causes symmetrical or asymmetrical hearing loss is still controversial and incompletely understood.
Objective Two electrophysiological methods (cortical evoked response audiometry: CERA and auditory steady state responses: ASSR) were used to address this issue.
Method 156 subjects with a well-documented history of noise exposure, a wide range of noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) and without middle ear pathology underwent both a CERA and an ASSR examination in the context of an exhaustive medicolegal expert assessment intended for possible compensation.
Results Whatever the method (CERA or ASSR), the average electrophysiological hearing thresholds (1-2-3 kHz) are significantly worse in the left ear. The right - left differences in CERA and ASSR thresholds are strongly correlated with each other. No significant effect of frequency is found. No correlation is observed between right - left differences in hearing thresholds and either age or degree of hearing loss.
Conclusion In NIHL, there is an actual average right - left difference of about 2.23 dB, i.e., 3.2%, the left ear being more impaired.
Is a partially informed choice less autonomous?: a probabilistic account for autonomous choice and information
Authors: Pang Cong 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe standard account for the role of information in patients’ consent decisions was provided by Faden and Beauchamp. According to this account, in order to make a substantially autonomous choice, a patient needs to receive and understand all the information material to the choice. But the scope of material information is controversial, and it is difficult to determine whether a choice based on partial information is substantially autonomous or not. In order to solve the problem, this paper tries to use “autonomy-undermining ignorance” to capture Faden and Beauchamp’s view of how ignorance undermines autonomous decision-making. It is believed that autonomy-undermining ignorance is key to understanding the relationship between autonomous choices and information in the clinical context. A probabilistic account of this relationship is presented. According to this account, one’s choice can be regarded as substantially autonomous as long as one minimizes the risk of autonomy-undermining ignorance (provided that other conditions of autonomous choice are satisfied). In order to do this, one needs to receive and understand as much accessible information as possible that is likely to be material to a particular choice. This means that sometimes one’s choice based on partial information can also be regarded as substantially autonomous. The practical implication of the probabilistic account is that it allows patients to reasonably choose the information needed for autonomous decision-making in light of a specific situation, rather than invariably requiring them to receive and understand sufficient information to make a consent decision in the clinical context.
Investigation of the Cosmic evolution in the presence of non-relativistic neutrinos
Authors: Yarahmadi Muhammad , Salehi Amin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The neutrinos of the early universe evolved from a relativistic phase at very early times to a massive particle behavior at later times. First, the kinetic energy of neutrinos is relativistic, and as a result, neutrinos can be described as massless particles. As the Universe expands, the temperature drops and the kinetic energy decreases, and the neutrinos turn into a non-relativistic phase with a non-negligible mass. In this paper, we first put constraints on the total mass of neutrinos. Then we investigate the effect of neutrinos on the CMB power spectrum, P(k), in the case of massless and massive neutrinos using the publicly available Boltzmann code CAMB and we prove that when neutrino coupled to scalar field the CMB power spectrum has a little shift, which means that the power spectrum of CMB is greatly affected by the background energy density and the accelerated expansion of the Universe. Furthermore, we investigate the effect of perturbed quintessence on this spectrum and find that the highest peaks of this spectrum are shifted to smaller scales. Also, we estimate the Deceleration–Acceleration(DA) redshift transition (z
da) using the coupling canonical scalar field with neutrinos. For Pantheon data we obtain z

da
= 0.7 ± 0.05 and for CC data z
da = 0.68 ± 0.03. In the presence of neutrinos the DA redshift transition is z
da = 0.42 ± 0.03 for Pantheon data and z
da = 0.49 ± 0.05 for CC data. These results indicate that neutrinos can affect this phase transition. The results obtained in this article show that when the mass of neutrinos increases, the value of the background energy density increases, resulting in a higher power spectrum peak. Also, by examining the effect of coupling neutrinos to dark energy, we find that the transition occurs at lower redshift.
Thermal annealing in silicon photonics ring modulators
Authors: Lalović M. , Detraz S. , Marcon L. , Olanterä L. , Prousalidi T. , Sandven U. , Scarcella C. , Sigaud C. , Soós C. , Troska J. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Silicon photonics technology promises significant improvements for fibre optic links of future upgrades of HEP experiments. Such systems will require high levels of radiation tolerance and silicon photonics modulators have been shown to be very robust when exposed to high levels of radiation under certain conditions. We demonstrate for the first time that changing the temperature of ring modulators during or after irradiation can significantly improve their performance.
Increasing risk of simultaneous occurrence of flash drought in major global croplands
Authors: Mahto Shanti Shwarup , Mishra Vimal 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Simultaneous occurrence of flash drought in major croplands can pose challenges for global food security. However, drivers of flash drought co-occurrence in the observed and future climate remain unrecognized. Using observations and climate model simulations, we examine the simultaneous occurrence of flash droughts in 16 major global croplands that grow wheat, rice, and maize. We show that significant warming combined with decreasing precipitation led to an increased frequency of flash droughts in several major croplands during the observed climate (1981–2020). The simultaneous occurrence of flash drought in many croplands in the same year has significantly (p-value = 0.007) increased during 1981–2020 and is likely to continue. Nine out of 16 major global croplands are projected to witness an increased frequency of flash droughts under the warming climate. The observed and projected rise in flash droughts in global croplands is mainly driven by vapor pressure deficit. The positive phase of El Nino Southern Oscillation influences flash drought co-occurrence in 10 out of 16 major cropland regions and remains a dominating factor of flash droughts co-occurrence in the future. Enhanced climate warming and increased frequency of El Nino events can further enhance the occurrence of simultaneous flash droughts in several major croplands, with substantial implications for food production.
Predicting wildfire ignition causes in Southern France using eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) methods
Authors: Bountzouklis Christos , Fox Dennis M , Bernardino Elena Di 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The percentage of wildfires that are ignited by an undetermined origin is substantial in Europe and Mediterranean France. Forest fire experts have recognized the significance of fires with an unknown ignition source since documentation and research of fire causes are important for creating appropriate fire policies and prevention strategies. The use of machine learning in wildfire science has increased considerably and is driven by the increasing availability of large and high-quality datasets. However, the absence of comprehensive fire-cause data hinders the utility of existing fire databases. This study trains and applies a machine-learning based model to classify the cause of fire ignition based on several environmental and anthropogenic features in Southern France using an eXplainable Artificial Intelligence framework. The results demonstrate that the source of unknown caused wildfires can be predicted at various levels of accuracy/natural fires have the highest accuracy (F1-score 0.87) compared to human-caused fires such as accidental (F1-score 0.74) and arson (F1-score 0.64). Factors related to spatiotemporal properties as well as topographic characteristics are considered the most important features in determining the classification of unknown caused fires for the specific area.
In vitro-in vivo correlation of aerosol deposition before and after metered-dose inhaler coaching in healthy children
Authors: Davis Michael D , Saunders Jessica L , Ringer Coral , Engberg Rebecca , Zhao Yi , DiBlasi Robert M , Rubin Bruce K 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Although pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) education is a routine part of childhood asthma management and encouraging ‘optimal breathing patterns’ (i.e. slowly, deeply, completely, and with a mouth seal on the mouthpiece) is an integral part of recommended pMDI education, there is currently no quantifiable way to determine if a child is inhaling their medication correctly or optimally through a valved holding chamber (VHC). The TipsHaler™ (tVHC) is a prototype VHC device that measures inspiratory time, flow, and volume without changing the properties of the medication aerosol. The measurements in vivo recorded by the tVHC can be downloaded and transferred to a spontaneous breathing lung model to simulate the inhalational patterns in vitro and also determine the deposition of inhaled aerosol mass with each pattern. We hypothesized that pediatric patients’ inhalational patterns when using a pMDI would improve after active coaching via tVHC. This would increase the pulmonary deposition of inhaled aerosols in an in vitro model. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a single-site, prospective, pilot, pre-and-post intervention study paired with a bedside-to-bench experiment. Healthy, inhaler-naïve subjects used a placebo inhaler in conjunction with the tVHC before and after coaching and recorded inspiratory parameters. These recordings were then implemented into a spontaneous breathing lung model during albuterol MDI delivery, and pulmonary deposition of albuterol was quantified. In this pilot study, active coaching resulted in a statistically significant increase in inspiratory time (n = 8, p= 0.0344, 95%CI: 0.082 to ∞). tVHC recorded inspiratory parameters obtained from patients were successfully implemented in the in vitro model, which demonstrated that both inspiratory time (n = 8, r = 0.78, p < 0.001, 95%CI: 0.47–0.92) and volume (n = 8, r = 0.58, p = 0.0186, 95%CI: 0.15–0.85) strongly correlate with pulmonary deposition of inhaled drugs.
Optimal control for a photovoltaic integrated grid system using PSO and modified whale optimization to enhance power quality
Authors: Tiwari Anurag , Agarwal Ruchi 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The paper proposes a modified & optimized controller for PV-integrated grid-connected PV systems. As the solar power output depends on the environmental conditions, i.e., irradiation and atmospheric temperature, the maximum power from the photovoltaic (PV) module is extracted using perturb and observe (P & O) algorithm. With a variety of controllers, such as conventional proportional and integral (PI) controllers, particle swarm optimization (PSO), and the modified Whale optimization algorithm (MWOA) method based on optimum control, the power as compared to extracted from PV panels using MWOA-based controllers. A complete simulation and implementation of a single-phase grid-connected inverter are shown to verify the proposed PV controller. The power flow control and grid synchronization are also presented when the above controllers act as MPPT controllers in the proposed system. The performance of proposed system is evaluated and compared among conventional and optimal controllers under a MATLAB-Simulink environment.