bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Data-driven models to predict shale wettability for CO2 sequestration applications
Authors: Ibrahim Ahmed Farid , Elkatatny Salaheldin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe significance of CO2 wetting behavior in shale formations has been emphasized in various CO2 sequestration applications. Traditional laboratory experimental techniques used to assess shale wettability are complex and time-consuming. To overcome these limitations, the study proposes the use of machine learning (ML); artificial neural networks (ANN), support vector machines (SVM), and adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference systems (ANFIS) tools to estimate the contact angle, a key indicator of shale wettability, providing a more efficient alternative to conventional laboratory methods. A dataset comprising various shale samples under different conditions was collected to predict shale-water-CO2 wettability by considering shale properties, operating pressure and temperature, and brine salinity. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (R) was utilized to assess the linearity between the contact angle (CA) value and other input parameters. Initial data analysis showed that the elements affecting the shale wettability are primarily reliant on the pressure and temperature at which it operates, the total organic content (TOC), and the mineral composition of the rock. Between the different ML models, the artificial neural network (ANN) model performed the best, achieving a training R2 of 0.99, testing R2 of 0.98 and a validation R2 of 0.96, with an RMSE below 5. The adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) model also accurately predicted the contact angle, obtaining a training R2 of 0.99, testing R2 of 0.97 and a validation R2 of 0.95. Conversely, the support vector machine (SVM) model displayed signs of overfitting, as it achieved R2 values of 0.99 in the training dataset, which decreased to 0.94 in the testing dataset, and 0.88 in the validation dataset. To avoid rerunning the ML models, an empirical correlation was developed based on the optimized weights and biases obtained from the ANN model to predict contact angle values using input parameters and the validation data set revealed R2 of 0.96. The parametric study showed that, among the factors influencing shale wettability at a constant TOC, pressure had the most significant impact, and the dependency of the contact angle on pressure increased when TOC values were high.
Event trigger based adaptive neural trajectory tracking finite time control for underactuated unmanned marine surface vessels with asymmetric input saturation
Authors: Hu Yancai , Zhang Qiang , Liu Yang , Meng Xiangfei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAn adaptive finite time trajectory tracking control method is presented for underactuated unmanned marine surface vessels (MSVs) by employing neural networks to approximate system uncertainties. The proposed algorithm is developed by combining event-triggered control (ETC) and finite-time convergence (FTC) techniques. The dynamic event-triggered condition is adopted to avert the frequent acting of actuators using an adjustable triggered variable to regulate the minimal inter-event times. While solving the system uncertainties and asymmetric input saturation, an adaptive neural networks based backstepping controller is designed based on FTC under bounded disturbances. In addition, via Lyapunov approach it is proved that all signals in the closed-loop system are semi-global uniformly ultimately bounded. Finally, simulations results are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of this proposed scheme.
Plasma-discharge-integrated slot structure for microwave power limiter
Authors: Woo Jeong Min , Ju Mun No , Lee Jae-Bok 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA slot structure was combined with a discharge electrode to limit incident high-power microwaves via the integration of plasma discharge. At the target resonating frequency of 9.45 GHz, the surface current was concentrated at an electrode, and the electric field was enhanced by the proposed design to lower the response power level of the incident signal. When a low-power signal is injected, plasma is not generated, and the incident wave travels without insertion loss. Double-stage slot structures were utilized to broaden the band-pass characteristics in the frequency domain, and the demonstrated plasma limiter exhibited an insertion loss of 1.01 dB at 9.45 GHz. The xenon gas pressure was optimized with the shortest distance of 100 µm between the upper and lower electrodes to reduce the discharge power of the plasma. In the case of a high-power signal input, as xenon-gas breakdown occurred, the transmitted signal was close to zero, and most of the high-power signal was reflected with a blocking efficiency of 40.55 dB. The demonstrated result will be useful to protect the receiver of a radio detection and ranging system from the high power microwave.
Chronicity of high and low level mupirocin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus from 30 Indian hospitals
Authors: Prakash Rajni , Garg Amar , Arya Riteshkumar , Kumawat R. K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMupirocin is one of the most effective topically used antibiotic for the treatment of dermatitis, nasal carriage, decolonization of methicillin susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and eradication of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Extensive use of this antibiotic has resulted in mupirocin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus which is a matter of concern. This study was conducted to evaluate the high and low level of mupirocin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus collected from various Indian hospitals. A total of 600 samples, of which 436 were pus specimens and 164 wound site swabs were collected from 30 Indian hospitals. Disc diffusion and agar dilution methods were used to test mupirocin susceptibility in methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Out of 600 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 176 isolates (29.33%) were found to be methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Out of 176 non-duplicate MRSA strains, 138 isolates were found to be mupirocin sensitive, 21 isolates had high level resistance whereas 17 isolates had low level resistance to mupirocin, which contributed 78.41%, 11.93% and 9.66% respectively. Multidrug resistant susceptibility was tested for all the MRSA with Cefuroxime, Cotrimoxazole and Vancomycin antibiotics. All the high and low level resistant strain were subjected to genome screening for mupA ileS gene respectively. mupA gene was found positive in all the high level resistant strain and out of 17 low level resistant strain, 16 strain were found point mutation in V588F of ileS gene. Overall, high rate of mupirocin resistance was found in the studied samples which might be a result of indiscriminate use of mupirocin in the population of studied region. This data emphasizes the urgent need for formulation of a well-defined and regulated guidelines for mupirocin use. Moreover, continuous surveillance is needed for the use of mupirocin and routine test should be performed to detect MRSA in patients and health care personnel to prevent MRSA infections.
Multidecadal dynamics project slow 21st-century economic growth and income convergence
Authors: Burgess Matthew G. , Langendorf Ryan E. , Moyer Jonathan D. , Dancer Ashley , Hughes Barry B. , Tilman David 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFuture economic growth will affect societal well-being and the environment, but is uncertain. We describe a multidecadal pattern of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita growth rising, then declining, as regions become richer. An empirically fitted differential-equation model and an integrated assessment model—International Futures—accounting for this pattern both predict 21st-century economic outlooks with slow growth and income convergence compared to the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways, similar to SSP4 (“Inequality”). For World Bank income groups, the differential-equation model could have produced, from 1980, consistent projections of 2100 GDP per capita, and more accurate predictions of 2010s growth rates than the International Monetary Fund’s short-term forecasts. Both forecasts were positively biased for the low-income group. SSP4 might therefore represent a best-case—not worst-case—scenario for 21st-century economic growth and income convergence. International Futures projects high poverty and population growth, and moderate energy demands and carbon dioxide emissions, within the Shared Socioeconomic Pathway range.
Pest management science often disregards farming system complexities
Authors: Wyckhuys Kris A. G. , Tang Fiona H. M. , Hadi Buyung A. R. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSince the 1940s, pesticide-intensive crop protection has sustained food security but also caused pervasive impacts on biodiversity, environmental integrity and human health. Here, we employ a systematic literature review to structurally analyze pest management science in 65 developing countries. Within a corpus of 3,407 publications, we find that taxonomic coverage is skewed towards a subset of 48 herbivores. Simplified contexts are commonplace: 48% of studies are performed within laboratory confines. 80% treat management tactics in an isolated rather than integrated fashion. 83% consider no more than two out of 15 farming system variables. Limited attention is devoted to pest-pathogen or pest-pollinator interplay, trophic interactions across ecosystem compartments or natural pest regulation. By overlooking social strata, the sizable scientific progress on agroecological management translates into slow farm-level uptake. We argue that the scientific enterprise should integrate system complexity to chart sustainable trajectories for global agriculture and achieve transformative change on the ground.
Ensuring fair, safe, and interpretable artificial intelligence-based prediction tools in a real-world oncological setting
Authors: George Renee , Ellis Benjamin , West Andrew , Graff Alex , Weaver Stephen , Abramowski Michelle , Brown Katelin , Kerr Lauren , Lu Sheng-Chieh , Swisher Christine , Sidey-Gibbons Chris 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundCancer patients often experience treatment-related symptoms which, if uncontrolled, may require emergency department admission. We developed models identifying breast or genitourinary cancer patients at the risk of attending emergency department (ED) within 30-days and demonstrated the development, validation, and proactive approach to in-production monitoring of an artificial intelligence-based predictive model during a 3-month simulated deployment at a cancer hospital in the United States.MethodsWe used routinely-collected electronic health record data to develop our predictive models. We evaluated models including a variational autoencoderk-nearest neighbors algorithm (VAE-kNN) and model behaviors with a sample containing 84,138 observations from 28,369 patients. We assessed the model during a 77-day production period exposure to live data using a proactively monitoring process with predefined metrics.ResultsPerformance of the VAE-kNN algorithm is exceptional (Area under the receiver-operating characteristics, AUC = 0.80) and remains stable across demographic and disease groups over the production period (AUC 0.74–0.82). We can detect issues in data feeds using our monitoring process to create immediate insights into future model performance.ConclusionsOur algorithm demonstrates exceptional performance at predicting risk of 30-day ED visits. We confirm that model outputs are equitable and stable over time using a proactive monitoring approach.
Microstructural changes precede depression in patients with relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Riemer Frank , Skorve Ellen , Pasternak Ofer , Zaccagna Fulvio , Lundervold Astri J. , Torkildsen Øivind , Myhr Kjell-Morten , Grüner Renate 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMultiple Sclerosis lesions in the brain and spinal cord can lead to different symptoms, including cognitive and mood changes. In this study we explore the temporal relationship between early microstructural changes in subcortical volumes and cognitive and emotional function in a longitudinal cohort study of patients with relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis.MethodsIn vivo imaging in forty-six patients with relapsing-remitting Multiple Sclerosis was performed annually over 3 years magnetic resonance imaging. Microstructural changes were estimated in subcortical structures using the free water fraction, a diffusion-based MRI metric. In parallel, patients were assessed with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale amongst other tests. Predictive structural equation modeling was set up to further explore the relationship between imaging and the assessment scores. In a general linear model analysis, the cohort was split into patients with higher and lower depression scores.ResultsNearly all subcortical diffusion microstructure estimates at the baseline visit correlate with the depression score at the 2 years follow-up. The predictive nature of baseline free water estimates and depression subscores after 2 years are confirmed in the predictive structural equation modeling analysis with the thalamus showing the greatest effect size. The general linear model analysis shows patterns of MRI free water differences in the thalamus and amygdala/hippocampus area between participants with high and low depression score.ConclusionsOur data suggests a relationship between higher levels of free-water in the subcortical structures in an early stage of Multiple Sclerosis and depression symptoms at a later stage of the disease.
Deposition of ultra-thin coatings by a nature-inspired Spray-on-Screen technology
Authors: Kumar Rachith Shanivarasanthe Nithayanand , Ramirez Andrea Valencia , Verding Pieter , Nivelle Philippe , Renner Frank , D’Haen Jan , Deferme Wim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNanometre-thick, ultrathin coatings applied over a large area are of paramount importance for various application fields such as biomedicine, space and automotive, organic electronics, memory devices, or energy storage devices. So far wet chemical deposition as a cost-effective, scalable, and versatile method can only be used for thicker deposits. Here the formation of uniform ultra-thin coatings with thicknesses below 15 nm using a nature-inspired, roll-to-roll compatible Spray-on-Screen (SoS) technology is reported. For this, the finite micro-droplet generation of Ultrasonic Spray Coating (USSC) is combined with the coating formation from a screen printing mesh. Hydrophobic micro-threads of the mesh, resembling the micro-hair on the legs of water striders, produce millidroplets from micro droplets, and when applying an external pressure to the mesh, dynamic wetting is enforced. The proposed technology is applicable for a wide variety of substrates and applications. It is shown by theory and experiment that ultra-thin coatings below 5 nm homogeneous over a large area can be deposited without the use of extended ink formulation or high substrate temperatures during or after deposition. This simple yet effective technique enables the deposition of ultra-thin films on any substrates, and is very promising to fabricate the organic, inorganic electronics devices and batteries cost effectively.
UK recommendations for the management of transgender and gender-diverse patients with inherited cancer risks
Authors: Giblin Josephine , Coad Beth , Lamb Catherine , Berlin Cheryl , Rea Gillian , Hanson Helen , Snape Katie , Berner Alison ,   Consensus Meeting attendees
Published: June 2023

AbstractAs the rate of people openly identifying as transgender or gender diverse (TGD) is increasing, UK cancer genetics services are seeing growing numbers of TGD patients. Lack of appropriate clinical guidelines and a scarcity of robust data about the impact of gender-affirming treatments on cancer risk has led to uncertainty of how best to support TGD patients, and inequity in standards of care. To address this gap, the UK Cancer Genetics Group and Central & South Genomic Medicine Service Alliance facilitated a 2-day meeting to develop national consensus to support the management of TGD patients with inherited cancer risks. Key stakeholders from a broad range of clinical specialties, patients advocates, and those with lived experience discussed and voted on recommendations for best practice. The consensus was reached on topics including family history questionnaires, pedigrees, clinical information, breast tissue management, gynaecological and prostate management, patient pathways, and education. Further work is required to reach consensus on the breast screening recommendations for TGD patients assigned female at birth who have had masculinising chest surgery. Here we present a summary of the processes used to reach consensus, and the recommendations from this meeting.
The amino-acid stress sensing eIF2α kinase GCN2 is a survival biomarker for malignant mesothelioma
Authors: Gold Lyssa T. , Bray Susan E. , Kernohan Neil M. , Henderson Nina , Nowicki Maisie , Masson Glenn R. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Malignant mesothelioma is a tumour that is strongly associated with a history of asbestos exposure, and which derives from mesothelial cells that line the serous cavities of the body. The tumour most commonly arises in the pleural cavity, but can also arise in the pericardium, peritoneum, and tunica vaginalis. At present the lesion has a very poor prognosis and is an incurable form of cancer with median survival times of up to 19 months being quoted for some histological subtypes. A large proportion of mesotheliomas have been shown to be arginine auxotrophic, leading to new research for therapeutics which might exploit this potential vulnerability.

Methods
We measured the levels of General Control Non-derepressible 2 (GCN2) protein in malignant mesothelioma tumour samples and determined whether these levels correlate with clinical outcomes.

Results
We observed that the expression levels of GCN2 correlated with patient survival and was an independent prognostic variable in pairwise comparisons with all available clinical data.

Conclusion
These findings suggest that GCN2 levels provides prognostic information and may allow for stratification of care pathways. It may suggest that targeting GCN2 is a viable strategy for mesothelioma therapy development.
Differences Between Self-Reported and Objectively Measured Hearing Loss at Age 61–63 Years: The Newcastle Thousand Families Birth Cohort
Authors: Iskakova Balnur , Forster Lara N. , Mann Kay D. , Brown Morven , Slack Emma L. , Rees Adrian , Pearce Mark S. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose:
Hearing loss is most prevalent among older adults, yet underestimated by patients, clinicians, and research communities. This study aimed to assess the accuracy of self-reported hearing difficulties among a group of adults aged 61–63 years, against audiometric measures.

Method:

The analysis used a sample (
N
= 346) of the Newcastle Thousand Families Study birth cohort. Data from audiological examinations and self-reported hearing difficulties were used to compare subjective and objective hearing. Hearing aid use was also assessed.

Results:

Over 40% of the participants had some level of hearing loss (
n
= 155, 44.8%), and 31% (
n
= 133) of these reported having hearing problems during subjective assessment. Only 18 (10%) of those with objectively measured hearing loss reported using hearing aids.

Conclusions:
There was an inconsistency between measured and self-perceived hearing loss among adults aged 61–63 years in this cohort. The small number of hearing aid users in the cohort is a concern, in that people in this age group appear not to be getting the help they need. The data also add to the research evidence that people at this age underestimate their hearing loss.
Reported Barriers to Augmentative and Alternative Communication Service Delivery and Learning Preferences Among Speech-Language Pathologists
Authors: Gohsman Meredith K. , Johnson Rachel K. 
Published: June 2023

Purpose:
Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) report extensive barriers to delivering augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) services, including the knowledge and skills necessary for AAC service delivery. Although nearly all graduate programs report the inclusion of preservice training for SLPs to provide AAC services, existing research on SLPs' characteristics of AAC service provision does not reflect these changes. This study aimed to identify current AAC service delivery characteristics, barriers, and learning preferences reported by SLPs.

Method:
A survey invitation was distributed to SLPs with American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) Certificate of Clinical Competence through social media and the ASHA Community discussion groups.

Results:
Participants were 530 SLPs who predominantly identified as general practice SLPs. Participants reported 1%–25% of their weekly patient caseload has AAC needs for communication or receives AAC intervention. SLPs reported feeling at least “knowledgeable” in more than half of the targeted competency areas. The reported primary barriers to AAC service provision are knowledge, caseload, and time. Preferences for topic, format, and frequency and duration for AAC-related continuing education were highly variable among SLPs.

Conclusions:
SLPs' barriers to AAC service delivery are consistent with research from the last 15 years, revealing a lack of systematic, organizational, and informational mechanisms to support SLPs as vital members of the AAC team. Those involved in post-service instruction and training must consider the training needs of SLPs with varying competence and their experience with AAC modalities, clinical practice backgrounds, and learning preferences. AAC-related training and continuing education must reflect SLP's daily practice, learning needs, and preferences.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23503809
Big Words for Little Kids: Rare Vocabulary Use by Preschool Children
Authors: Kelley Elizabeth Spencer , Poholik Olivia 
Published: June 2023

Purpose:
This study presents a preliminary examination of rare vocabulary use by preschool children using a recently developed tool called the Wordlist for Expressive Rare Vocabulary Evaluation (WERVE).

Method:

The WERVE was used to identify rare vocabulary words language samples of 74 preschool children (
M
age
= 56 months). We examined the relations among rare vocabulary use, performance on norm-referenced measures of single-word vocabulary, and language sample measures of language complexity and lexical diversity.

Results:
Rare vocabulary use was significantly, positively correlated with standard scores on norm-referenced vocabulary measures and with language complexity and lexical diversity in language samples. Children with higher vocabulary scores used significantly more rare vocabulary than children with lower vocabulary scores.

Conclusions:
The WERVE shows some promise for providing information about the rare vocabulary use of preschool children. Findings from this preliminary study indicate that further research on rare vocabulary use is warranted.

Supplemental Material:

https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.23518845