bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Diverse Responses of Alluvial Rivers to Periodic Environmental Change
Authors: MNab F. , Schildgen T. F. , Turowski J. M. , Wickert A. D. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlluvial rivers aggrade, incise, and adjust their sediment‐transport rates in response to changing sediment and water supply. Fluvial landforms, such as river terraces, and downstream stratigraphic archives may therefore record information about past environmental change. Using a physically based model describing sediment transport and long‐profile evolution of alluvial rivers, we explore how their responses to environmental change depend on distance downstream, forcing timescales, and whether sediment or water supply is varied. We show that amplitudes of aggradation and incision, and therefore the likelihood of terrace formation, are greater upstream and in shorter and/or wetter catchments. Aggradation and incision, and therefore terrace ages, may also lag behind environmental change. How sediment‐transport rates evolve depends strongly on whether water or sediment supply is varied. Diverse responses to environmental change could arise in natural alluvial valleys, controlled by their geometry and hydrology, with important implications for paleo‐environmental interpretations of fluvial archives.
Reciprocal costimulatory molecules control the activation of mucosal type 3 innate lymphoid cells during engagement with B cells
Authors: Lv Xinping , Zhu Shan , Wu Jing , Shi Jinfeng , Wei Qiuyu , Li Tete , Yang Ning , Liu Chunyan , Qi Lingli , Zang Guoxia , Cheng Hang , Yang Zhiguang , Jin Chengyan , Wang Yusheng , Cui Jiuwei , Ueno Hideki , Liu Yong-Jun , Chen Jingtao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractInnate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are the counterpart of T helper cells in the innate immune system and share multiple phenotypes with T helper cells. Inducible T-cell costimulator (ICOS) is recognized on T cells and participates in T-cell activation and T and B-cell engagement in lymphoid tissues. However, the role of ICOS in ILC3s and ILC3-involved interactions with the immune microenvironment remains unclear. Here, we found that ICOS expression on human ILC3s was correlated with the activated state of ILC3s. ICOS costimulation enhanced the survival, proliferation, and capacity of ILC3s to produce cytokines (IL-22, IL-17A, IFN-γ, TNF, and GM-CSF). Via synergistic effects of ICOS and CD40 signaling, B cells promoted ILC3 functions, and ILC3-induced T-cell-independent B-cell IgA and IgM secretion primarily required CD40 signaling. Hence, ICOS is essential for the nonredundant role of ILC3s and their interaction with adjacent B cells.
Bre1/RNF20 promotes Rad51-mediated strand exchange and antagonizes the Srs2/FBH1 helicases
Authors: Liu Guangxue , Li Jimin , He Boxue , Yan Jiaqi , Zhao Jingyu , Wang Xuejie , Zhao Xiaocong , Xu Jingyan , Wu Yeyao , Zhang Simin , Gan Xiaoli , Zhou Chun , Li Xiangpan , Zhang Xinghua , Chen Xuefeng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCentral to homologous recombination (HR) is the assembly of Rad51 recombinase on single-strand DNA (ssDNA), forming the Rad51-ssDNA filament. How the Rad51 filament is efficiently established and sustained remains partially understood. Here, we find that the yeast ubiquitin ligase Bre1 and its human homolog RNF20, a tumor suppressor, function as recombination mediators, promoting Rad51 filament formation and subsequent reactions via multiple mechanisms independent of their ligase activities. We show that Bre1/RNF20 interacts with Rad51, directs Rad51 to ssDNA, and facilitates Rad51-ssDNA filament assembly and strand exchange in vitro. In parallel, Bre1/RNF20 interacts with the Srs2 or FBH1 helicase to counteract their disrupting effect on the Rad51 filament. We demonstrate that the above functions of Bre1/RNF20 contribute to HR repair in cells in a manner additive to the mediator protein Rad52 in yeast or BRCA2 in human. Thus, Bre1/RNF20 provides an additional layer of mechanism to directly control Rad51 filament dynamics.
A computational method for cell type-specific expression quantitative trait loci mapping using bulk RNA-seq data
Authors: Little Paul , Liu Si , Zhabotynsky Vasyl , Li Yun , Lin Dan-Yu , Sun Wei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMapping cell type-specific gene expression quantitative trait loci (ct-eQTLs) is a powerful way to investigate the genetic basis of complex traits. A popular method for ct-eQTL mapping is to assess the interaction between the genotype of a genetic locus and the abundance of a specific cell type using a linear model. However, this approach requires transforming RNA-seq count data, which distorts the relation between gene expression and cell type proportions and results in reduced power and/or inflated type I error. To address this issue, we have developed a statistical method called CSeQTL that allows for ct-eQTL mapping using bulk RNA-seq count data while taking advantage of allele-specific expression. We validated the results of CSeQTL through simulations and real data analysis, comparing CSeQTL results to those obtained from purified bulk RNA-seq data or single cell RNA-seq data. Using our ct-eQTL findings, we were able to identify cell types relevant to 21 categories of human traits.
Photo-triggered full-color circularly polarized luminescence based on photonic capsules for multilevel information encryption
Authors: Lin Siyang , Tang Yuqi , Kang Wenxin , Bisoyi Hari Krishna , Guo Jinbao , Li Quan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMaterials with phototunable full-color circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) have a large storage density, high-security level, and enormous prospects in the field of information encryption and decryption. In this work, device-friendly solid films with color tunability are prepared by constructing Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) platforms with chiral donors and achiral molecular switches in liquid crystal photonic capsules (LCPCs). These LCPCs exhibit photoswitchable CPL from initial blue emission to RGB trichromatic signals under UV irradiation due to the synergistic effect of energy and chirality transfer and show strong time dependence because of the different FRET efficiencies at each time node. Based on these phototunable CPL and time response characteristics, the concept of multilevel data encryption by using LCPC films is demonstrated.
Different viral effectors suppress hormone-mediated antiviral immunity of rice coordinated by OsNPR1
Authors: Zhang Hehong , Wang Fengmin , Song Weiqi , Yang Zihang , Li Lulu , Ma Qiang , Tan Xiaoxiang , Wei Zhongyan , Li Yanjun , Li Junmin , Yan Fei , Chen Jianping , Sun Zongtao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSalicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) are plant hormones that typically act antagonistically in dicotyledonous plants and SA and JA signaling is often manipulated by pathogens. However, in monocotyledonous plants, the detailed SA-JA interplay in response to pathogen invasion remains elusive. Here, we show that different types of viral pathogen can disrupt synergistic antiviral immunity mediated by SA and JA via OsNPR1 in the monocot rice. The P2 protein of rice stripe virus, a negative-stranded RNA virus in the genus Tenuivirus, promotes OsNPR1 degradation by enhancing the association of OsNPR1 and OsCUL3a. OsNPR1 activates JA signaling by disrupting the OsJAZ-OsMYC complex and boosting the transcriptional activation activity of OsMYC2 to cooperatively modulate rice antiviral immunity. Unrelated viral proteins from different rice viruses also interfere with the OsNPR1-mediated SA-JA interplay to facilitate viral pathogenicity, suggesting that this may be a more general strategy in monocot plants. Overall, our findings highlight that distinct viral proteins convergently obstruct JA-SA crosstalk to facilitate viral infection in monocot rice.
The conserved RNA-binding protein Seb1 promotes cotranscriptional ribosomal RNA processing by controlling RNA polymerase I progression
Authors: Duval Maxime , Yague-Sanz Carlo , Turowski Tomasz W. , Petfalski Elisabeth , Tollervey David , Bachand François 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTranscription by RNA polymerase I (RNAPI) represents most of the transcriptional activity in eukaryotic cells and is associated with the production of mature ribosomal RNA (rRNA). As several rRNA maturation steps are coupled to RNAPI transcription, the rate of RNAPI elongation directly influences processing of nascent pre-rRNA, and changes in RNAPI transcription rate can result in alternative rRNA processing pathways in response to growth conditions and stress. However, factors and mechanisms that control RNAPI progression by influencing transcription elongation rate remain poorly understood. We show here that the conserved fission yeast RNA-binding protein Seb1 associates with the RNAPI transcription machinery and promotes RNAPI pausing states along the rDNA. The overall faster progression of RNAPI at the rDNA in Seb1-deficient cells impaired cotranscriptional pre-rRNA processing and the production of mature rRNAs. Given that Seb1 also influences pre-mRNA processing by modulating RNAPII progression, our findings unveil Seb1 as a pause-promoting factor for RNA polymerases I and II to control cotranscriptional RNA processing.
Decoding protein methylation function with thermal stability analysis
Authors: Sayago Cristina , Sánchez-Wandelmer Jana , García Fernando , Hurtado Begoña , Lafarga Vanesa , Prieto Patricia , Zarzuela Eduardo , Ximénez-Embún Pilar , Ortega Sagrario , Megías Diego , Fernández-Capetillo Oscar , Malumbres Marcos , Munoz Javier 
Published: May 2023

AbstractProtein methylation is an important modification beyond epigenetics. However, systems analyses of protein methylation lag behind compared to other modifications. Recently, thermal stability analyses have been developed which provide a proxy of a protein functional status. Here, we show that molecular and functional events closely linked to protein methylation can be revealed by the analysis of thermal stability. Using mouse embryonic stem cells as a model, we show that Prmt5 regulates mRNA binding proteins that are enriched in intrinsically disordered regions and involved in liquid-liquid phase separation mechanisms, including the formation of stress granules. Moreover, we reveal a non-canonical function of Ezh2 in mitotic chromosomes and the perichromosomal layer, and identify Mki67 as a putative Ezh2 substrate. Our approach provides an opportunity to systematically explore protein methylation function and represents a rich resource for understanding its role in pluripotency.
Divergent metabolic programmes control two populations of MAIT cells that protect the lung
Authors: Riffelmacher Thomas , Paynich Murray Mallory , Wientjens Chantal , Chandra Shilpi , Cedillo-Castelán Viankail , Chou Ting-Fang , McArdle Sara , Dillingham Christopher , Devereaux Jordan , Nilsen Aaron , Brunel Simon , Lewinsohn David M. , Hasty Jeff , Seumois Gregory , Benedict Christopher A. , Vijayanand Pandurangan , Kronenberg Mitchell 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAlthough mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells provide rapid, innate-like responses, they are not pre-set, and memory-like responses have been described for MAIT cells following infections. The importance of metabolism for controlling these responses, however, is unknown. Here, following pulmonary immunization with a Salmonella vaccine strain, mouse MAIT cells expanded as separate CD127−Klrg1+ and CD127+Klrg1− antigen-adapted populations that differed in terms of their transcriptome, function and localization in lung tissue. These populations remained altered from steady state for months as stable, separate MAIT cell lineages with enhanced effector programmes and divergent metabolism. CD127+ MAIT cells engaged in an energetic, mitochondrial metabolic programme, which was critical for their maintenance and IL-17A synthesis. This programme was supported by high fatty acid uptake and mitochondrial oxidation and relied on highly polarized mitochondria and autophagy. After vaccination, CD127+ MAIT cells protected mice against Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. In contrast, Klrg1+ MAIT cells had dormant but ready-to-respond mitochondria and depended instead on Hif1a-driven glycolysis to survive and produce IFN-γ. They responded antigen independently and participated in protection from influenza virus. These metabolic dependencies may enable tuning of memory-like MAIT cell responses for vaccination and immunotherapies.
Combined cerium and zinc oxide nanoparticles induced hepato-renal damage in rats through oxidative stress mediated inflammation
Authors: Adeniyi Olola Esther , Adebayo Olayinka Anthony , Akinloye Oluyemi , Adaramoye Oluwatosin Adekunle 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe toxicity profiles of nanoparticles (NPs) used in appliances nowadays remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the toxicological consequences of exposure to cerium oxide (CeO2) and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles given singly or in combination on the integrity of liver and kidney of male Wistar rats. Twenty (20) rats were allotted into four groups and treated as: Control (normal saline), CeO2NPs (50 μg/kg), ZnONPs (80 μg/kg) and [CeO2NPs (50 μg/kg) + ZnONPs (80 μg/kg)]. The nanoparticles were given to the animals through the intraperitoneal route, three times per week for four repeated weeks. Results revealed that CeO2 and ZnO NPs (singly) increased serum AST and ALT by 29% & 57%; 41% & 18%, and co-administration by 53% and 23%, respectively. CeO2 and ZnO NPs increased hepatic and renal malondialdehyde (MDA) by 33% and 30%; 38% and 67%, respectively, while co-administration increased hepatic and renal MDA by 43% and 40%, respectively. The combined NPs increased hepatic NO by 28%. Also, CeO2 and ZnO NPs, and combined increased BAX, interleukin-1β and TNF-α by 45, 38, 52%; 47, 23, 82% and 41, 83, 70%, respectively. Histology revealed hepatic necrosis and renal haemorrhagic parenchymal in NPs-treated rats. Summarily, CeO2 and ZnO NPs produced oxidative injury and induced inflammatory process in the liver and kidney of experimental animals.
Research on the evolution of express packaging recycling strategy considering virtual incentives and heterogeneous subsidies
Authors: Zhilong You , Guisheng Hou 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWith the growth of e-commerce business volume, a large amount of express packaging waste is generated, causing certain damage to the environment. In response to this problem, the China Post Bureau pointed out the plan to strengthen express packaging recycling, and large e-commerce platforms such as JD.com have taken actions. Starting from this background, this paper uses a tripartite evolutionary game model to study the strategies evolution of consumers, e-commerce companies and e-commerce platforms. At the same time, the model considers the influence of platform virtual incentives and heterogeneous subsidies on equilibrium evolution. The study found that with the increase of virtual incentives from the platform to consumers, consumers converge to the strategy of "participating" in express packaging recycling faster and faster. When the assumption of participation constraints for cosumers is relaxed, the virtual incentives of the platform are still effective, but it will be affected by the initial willingness of consumers; when the e-commerce platform uses a single method to subsidize, it can effectively encourage e-commerce companies to use green packaging items. Compared with direct subsidize, the policy flexibility of the discount coefficient is stronger, in addition, moderate double subsidies can also achieve the same effect, and the e-commerce platform can make decisions based on the actual situation. The cyclical fluctuations in the strategies of consumers and e-commerce companies in the case of high additional profit coefficients of e-commerce companies may be the reason why the current express packaging recycling program is not effective. In addition, this article also discusses the influence of other parameters on the equilibrium evolution, and gives targeted countermeasures.
DNA fragmentation and multifaceted toxicity induced by high-dose vanadium exposure determined by the bioindicator Allium test
Authors: Kaya Mehmet , Çavuşoğlu Kültiğin , Yalçin Emine , Acar Ali 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this study, the toxicity of vanadium (VCI3) inAllium cepaL. was studied. Germination-related parameters, mitotic index (MI), catalase (CAT) activity, chromosomal abnormalities (CAs), malondialdehyde (MDA) level, micronucleus (MN) frequency and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were investigated. The effects of VCI3exposure on the DNA of meristem cells were investigated with the help of comet assay, and the relationships between physiological, cytogenetic and biochemical parameters were revealed by correlation and PCA analyses.A. cepabulbs were germinated with different concentrations of VCI3for 72 h. As a result, the maximum germination (100%), root elongation (10.4 cm) and weight gain (6.85 g) were determined in the control. VCI3treatment caused significant decreases in all tested germination-related parameters compared to the control. The highest percentage of MI (8.62%) was also observed in the control. No CAs were found in the control, except for a few sticky chromosomes and unequal distribution of chromatin (p > 0.05). VCI3treatment caused significant decreases in MI and increases in the frequencies of CAs and MN, depending on the dose. Similarly, the comet assay showed that DNA damage scores increased with increasing VCI3doses. The lowest root MDA (6.50 µM/g) level and SOD (36.7 U/mg) and CAT (0.82 OD240nmmin/g) activities were also measured in the control. VCI3treatment caused significant increases in root MDA levels and antioxidant enzyme activities. Besides, VCI3treatment induced anatomical damages such as flattened cell nucleus, epidermis cell damage, binuclear cell, thickening in the cortex cell wall, giant cell nucleus, damages in cortex cell and unclear vascular tissue. All examined parameters showed significant negative or positive correlations with each other. PCA analysis confirmed the relations of investigated parameters and VCI3exposure.
Optimized distributed Goppa codes based on spatial modulation
Authors: Zhao Chunli , Yang Fengfan , Waweru Daniel Kariuki , Chen Chen , Xu Hongjun 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe distributed Goppa coded spatial modulation (DGC‐SM) scheme is proposed in cooperative scenarios. In the proposed DGC‐SM scheme, the relay chooses the partial information from the source by using the idea of information selection, and then re‐encodes the selected information. At the destination, a distributed Goppa code is obtained corresponding to each selection. In order to get the best possible code, an optimal information selection algorithm is proposed at the relay. In the proposed optimal algorithm, all selections and source message sequences are considered, which results in high complexity. Thus, another optimized information selection algorithm with low complexity is proposed at the relay. To further enhance the capability to get the source information, two efficient joint decoding algorithms called smart decoding algorithm and improved smart decoding algorithm are proposed. Moreover, the bit error rate (BER) performance bound of the proposed DGC‐SM scheme is derived. Through the simulations, the effectiveness of the proposed two optimized information selection algorithms is confirmed. Also, it is observed that the simulation and analytical results closely match at high signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR).
Development of a portable assistive exoskeleton for human arm movements
Authors: Zhao Yongkun , Mao Juzheng , Todoh Masahiro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOver the past two decades, the number of people with arm disabilities has dramatically increased. Many researchers have begun to concentrate on developing technologies to address this challenge. Exoskeleton is one of the most successful technologies out of these since it does not require medical staff to accompany the patients and can continually rehabilitate the patients until they regain the ability to move voluntarily. However, the majority of exoskeletons are anchored to the ground and individuals are unable to purchase one due to its high manufacturing costs. Furthermore, since this type of exoskeleton is anchored to the ground, patients must go to hospitals to get rehabilitation services. In this study, a portable assistive exoskeleton for human arm motions is designed to address this problem. This device can carry patients' arms to the desired position by adhering to a prescribed trajectory by medical specialists. The main parts of this exoskeleton are made of polylactic acid and produced using 3D printing technology. Therefore, the total manufacturing costs of the exoskeleton are not excessive and the weight of it is not high as well.
Messtechnische Verfahren im Kontext der DVO Leitlinie – neue
Entwicklungen
Authors: Engelke Klaus , Müller Dirk , Bühring Bjoern , Thomasius Friederike 
Published: May 2023

ZusammenfassungDie Osteodensitometrie, die Bestimmung von Knochendichte und biochemischer
Knochenumbauparameter sind ein integraler Bestandteil der DVO Leitlinie. Dieser
Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über neue Studien und neue
technische Entwicklungen soweit sie insbesondere im Kontext der Leitlinie, also
für Diagnose, Bestimmung des Frakturrisikos und Verlaufskontrolle
relevant sind. Dabei stehen zunächst die Verfahren im Vordergrund, die
unmittelbar zur Anpassung von Empfehlungen geführt haben. Andere
Techniken wie das sogenannte „opportunistic screening“ von
Routine CT Aufnahmen haben zwar noch keinen Eingang in die Leitlinie gefunden,
allerdings scheint aufgrund ihres Potentials, die Identifikation von Patienten
mit hohem Frakturrisiko wesentlich zu verbessern, ein Überblick auch
über diese Methoden im Rahmen dieses Beitrages gerechtfertigt.
Detection of fragment migration into the biceps tendon sheath
originating from a humeral osteochondrosis lesion – A case report and
review of the literature
Authors: Brandstetter Viktoria , Wunderlin Nadja , Günther Charlotte 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe purpose of this report is to demonstrate that radiographic evaluation of the
canine shoulder joint alone is not sensitive enough to detect migrated
osteochondral fragments within the biceps tendon sheath, as a sequela to
osteochondrosis dissecans of the caudal humeral head. A 6-months-old, male,
35 kg Hovawart was referred due to chronic intermittent lameness on the
left forelimb. Survey radiographs revealed a semilunar radiolucency surrounded
by a moderately sclerotic rim at the caudal aspect of the left humeral head,
referred to as osteochondrosis dissecans. However, only computed tomography
combined with ultrasonography could clearly confirm a dislodged osteochondral
fragment within the left biceps tendon sheath and a consequent tenosynovitis.
Arthroscopic treatment on the clinically affected left forelimb followed by an
additional approach over the left biceps tendon sheath to remove the migrated
fragment resulted in a complete remission of the lameness until the last
follow-up one year after surgery. In our opinion, computed tomography should be
applied in the medical work up of canine shoulder osteochondrosis (OC) as
standard. Combined with ultrasonography, it can further aid in complete
evaluation of the shoulder joint and reliable exclusion of displaced
osteochondral fragments, which might also be missed during arthroscopy when
located too far distally.