bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of cartilage injury in horses with osteochondral fragments in the metacarpo−/metatarsophalangeal joint: A study on 823 arthroscopies
Authors: Goldkuhl Janna Evelina Cornelia , Zablotski Yury , Sill Volker , Jahn Werner , Lorenz Ina , Brunk Jan , Gerlach Kerstin , Troillet Antonia 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundOsteochondral fragment removal is commonly performed but there are little scientific data supporting this procedure in the absence of clinical signs. More information is needed to facilitate clinical decision‐making regarding fragment removal of the metacarpo−/metatarsophalangeal joint.ObjectivesTo assess prevalence of cartilage injury in the equine metacarpo−/metatarsophalangeal joint and its association to fragment size, location, age and lameness.Study designRetrospective observational study.MethodsClinical records, including radiographs of 823 metacarpo−/metatarsophalangeal joints (640 horses) that underwent arthroscopic fragment removal, were reviewed. Fragment size, intra‐articular fragment location and cartilage injury score were recorded. Presence of synovitis was retrospectively evaluated in 157 joints. Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests were used for group comparisons, and Dunn's post hoc test was applied for multiple comparisons. Linear regression analysis was used to assess strength of association between age and mean cartilage score. Univariable regression analysis was performed and variables with p < 0.2 were used in the final mixed‐effects multivariable model to which backwards stepwise selection was applied. Significance level was p < 0.05.ResultsCartilage injury was present in 28.8% (95% CI = 25.8–32.0) of joints. Lameness was not associated with fragment location or fragment size. Fragment size was not associated with cartilage injury. Age (OR = 1.35, 95% CI = 1.22–1.48, p < 0.001) and lameness (OR = 5.03, 95% CI = 2.27–11.68, p < 0.001) were associated with cartilage injury as well as fragment location (palmar/plantar, OR = 0.22, 95% CI = 0.13–0.38, p < 0.001), with dorsal fragments being more likely to be associated with cartilage lesions than palmar/plantar fragments. There was a significant association between age and mean cartilage score (b = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.14–0.22, p < 0.001).Main limitationsThe series included a heterogenous group of horses of different breed, sex, age and use. Data were collected retrospectively and could, in parts, not be fully evaluated.ConclusionsEarly fragment removal, especially in joints with dorsal fragmentation, can be beneficial to avoid future cartilage injuries in equine athletes.
The orchestration of Machine Learning frameworks with data streams and GPU acceleration in Kafka‐ML: A deep‐learning performance comparative
Authors: Chaves Antonio Jesús , Martín Cristian , Díaz Manuel 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMachine Learning (ML) applications need large volumes of data to train their models so that they can make high‐quality predictions. Given digital revolution enablers such as the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Industry 4.0, this information is generated in large quantities in terms of continuous data streams and not in terms of static datasets as it is the case with most AI (Artificial Intelligence) frameworks. Kafka‐ML is a novel open‐source framework that allows the complete management of ML/AI pipelines through data streams. In this article, we present new features for the Kafka‐ML framework, such as the support for the well‐known ML/AI framework PyTorch, as well as for GPU acceleration at different points along the pipeline. This pipeline will be described by taking a real Industry 4.0 use case in the Petrochemical Industry. Finally, a comprehensive evaluation with state‐of‐the‐art deep learning models will be carried out to demonstrate the feasibility of the platform.
The landscape of American Sign Language education
Authors: Pirone John S. , Pudans‐Smith Kimberly K. , Ivy Tracy , Listman Jason D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlthough American Sign Language (ASL) education for second language (L2) or additional language (Ln) learners in postsecondary education has increased rapidly over the past four decades, not much is understood about the field. The scholarship of ASL education is relatively new, and little is known of the perspectives of ASL professionals in ASL education. This qualitative study included focus group discussions with 13 ASL professionals who have worked in the field of ASL education to build a better understanding of ASL education as a discipline in regard to its strengths, challenges, and directions. The results from the four focus group discussions show three emergent themes: ASL professionals, the structure of postsecondary education, and the purpose of ASL education. The challenges in developing and sustaining ASL education as a discipline are discussed, and recommendations on how ASL education as a discipline can be elevated and sustained are provided.
Global patterns and drivers of leaf photosynthetic capacity: The relative importance of environmental factors and evolutionary history
Authors: Yan Zhengbing , Sardans Jordi , Peñuelas Josep , Detto Matteo , Smith Nicholas G. , Wang Han , Guo Lulu , Hughes Alice C. , Guo Zhengfei , Lee Calvin K. F. , Liu Lingli , Wu Jin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAimUnderstanding the considerable variability and drivers of global leaf photosynthetic capacity [indicated by the maximum carboxylation rate standardized to 25°C (Vc,max25)] is an essential step for accurate modelling of terrestrial plant photosynthesis and carbon uptake under climate change. Although current environmental conditions have often been connected with empirical and theoretical models to explain global Vc,max25 variability through acclimatization and adaptation, long‐term evolutionary history has largely been neglected, but might also explicitly play a role in shaping the Vc,max25 variability.LocationGlobal.Time periodContemporary.Major taxa studiedTerrestrial plants.MethodsWe compiled a geographically comprehensive global dataset of Vc,max25 for C3 plants (n = 6917 observations from 2157 species and 425 sites covering all major biomes world‐wide), explored the biogeographical and phylogenetic patterns of Vc,max25, and quantified the relative importance of current environmental factors and evolutionary history in driving global Vc,max25 variability.ResultsWe found that Vc,max25 differed across different biomes, with higher mean values in relatively drier regions, and across different life‐forms, with higher mean values in non‐woody relative to woody plants and in legumes relative to non‐leguminous plants. The values of Vc,max25 displayed a significant phylogenetic signal and diverged in a contrasting manner across phylogenetic groups, with a significant trend along the evolutionary axis towards a higher Vc,max25 in more modern clades. A Bayesian phylogenetic linear mixed model revealed that evolutionary history (indicated by phylogeny and species) explained nearly 3‐fold more of the variation in global Vc,max25 than present‐day environment (53 vs. 18%).Main conclusionsThese findings contribute to a comprehensive assessment of the patterns and drivers of global Vc,max25 variability, highlighting the importance of evolutionary history in driving global Vc,max25 variability, hence terrestrial plant photosynthesis.
Opposing powers at the helm and the immobilities of passenger‐ferry governance in Vieques, Puerto Rico
Authors: Pimentel Rivera Andrea 
Published: March 2023

AbstractAlmost 20 years have passed since Viequenses succeeded in their struggle to kick out the US Navy from their island, yet residents have been left stranded facing issues of the dispossession of the island's most poor, alongside slow clean‐up efforts and deteriorating health outcomes. Drawing upon approaches from recent critical transportation geographies, this article uses a mobility justice framework to understand how the afterlives of over 60 years of direct militarised colonial violence continue to repeat through Viequense mobile life. I particularly focus on how Vieques' environmental injustices become mobility injustices through the poor ferry service. The article explores the governance of the maritime transportation service by disentangling its mobile politics, revealing the deeper impacts of coloniality on infrastructures of mobility. I do so through a critical policy analysis of legislative measures, plans, reports and grant proposals prepared by Puerto Rican state authorities from 1999 to 2021. Recognising the close relationship between debt and infrastructural landscapes in Puerto Rico, I use debt as an analytical tool to explain how it is constitutive of mobility regimes on the island. Through this analysis, the article centres on the creation of the Maritime Transportation Authority (ATM) as an institutional actor in charge of Viequense mobilities, detailing how it was enmeshed in fiscal and political tensions that resulted in extreme im/mobilities to its passengers. I find that the struggle for ownership over mobilities is a characteristic of the mobile politics of the ferry service, defined by an unequal power distribution between institutional actors and users, codified by public policies. This demonstrates how multiple dimensions of justice intertwine within mobility politics, aggravating existing environmental injustices into mobility injustices.
Singapore dentists' attitudes toward dental care provision for older adults with disabilities
Authors: Chuang Janice Cheah Ping , Pradhan Archana , Walsh Laurence James , Lopez Silva Claudia Patricia 
Published: March 2023

ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess dentists' attitudes toward providing dental care for older adults with disabilities in Singapore and the factors influencing their willingness to provide care.BackgroundDentists face a rapidly ageing patient demographic. Practitioner unwillingness to circumvent the attending challenges of care provision prevents older adults from accessing the dental care necessary for better oral and systemic health. Previous studies have reported on dentists' attitudes toward caring for older adults with disabilities; however, these are mostly limited to dependent older adults and exclude frail, community‐dwelling older persons.MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted in 2020 using a self‐administered questionnaire. Quantitative data analysis was presented in the form of descriptive statistics, followed by bivariate analyses.ResultsThere were 193 respondents, a response rate of under 9%. Dentists were less willing, confident and involved in the care of older adults with disabilities as the individual's severity of impairments increased. Less than half of respondents were willing to treat individuals with severe disabilities in cooperation (23.3%), swallowing (30.6%), mobility (33.7%) and communication (45.1%). Dentists with training in geriatric dentistry were more willing to provide care. However, younger dentists, general dental practitioners, private practitioners and public sector dentists had specific restraining and driving forces, which further modulated their willingness to provide care.ConclusionsThe current areas of training needs among Singapore dentists are in severe impairments of swallowing, communication, cooperation and mobility. Further geriatric dentistry training may effectively increase dentists' willingness to provide care; however, additional specific targeted interventions are also needed.
The pandemic as gender arrhythmia: Women’s bodies, counter rhythms and critique of everyday life
Authors: Thorpe Holly , Brice Julie , Soltani Anoosh , Nemani Mihi , O’Leary Grace , Barrett Nikki 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this paper we build upon recent organizational research drawing upon the work of Henri Lefebvre, and feminist engagements with his theory of “Rhythmanalysis”, to examine how the COVID‐19 pandemic disrupted women's everyday lives and the impacts on their relationship with work. Drawing upon interviews with 38 women from diverse socio‐cultural backgrounds living in Aotearoa New Zealand, we describe the pandemic as an “arrhythmia”, a radical rupture to the familiar rhythms of their everyday social and working lives. We describe how the pandemic arrhythmia was felt in and through bodies (i.e., sleep, weight), and how women responded by creating counter rhythms (i.e., hobbies, exercise, food) as strategies to support their own and others wellbeing. Furthermore, radically disrupting linear repetitions of everyday work, social and family life, the pandemic prompted many to reflect differently upon how pre‐pandemic rhythms shaped by the social, economic and gendered structures of neoliberalism were causing various forms of alienation (i.e., from their own health and wellbeing, meaningful social connections, ethical and sustainable working practices, and from pleasure). For some women, the pandemic arrhythmia was a puncturing of their normalized time‐space gendered routines, leading to critique and transformation to their everyday work‐life patterns. Engaging a feminist reading of rhythmanalysis, this paper brings into focus how neoliberal gender regimes are reconstituted and disrupted in the rhythms and routines of women's everyday lives. In so doing, we highlight the potential in feminist engagement with arrhythmia to extend understandings of the gendered politics of everyday life during and beyond pandemic times, and the value in such approaches for organizational scholars interested in understanding the gendered rhythms of daily life and their effects on relationships with work.
Groundwater Connections and Sustainability in Social‐Ecological Systems
Authors: Huggins Xander , Gleeson Tom , Castilla‐Rho Juan , Holley Cameron , Re Viviana , Famiglietti James S. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractGroundwater resources are connected with social, economic, ecological, and Earth systems. We introduce the framing of groundwater‐connected systems to better represent the nature and complexity of these connections in data collection, scientific investigations, governance and management approaches, and groundwater education. Groundwater‐connected systems are social, economic, ecological, and Earth systems that interact with groundwater, such as irrigated agriculture, groundwater‐dependent ecosystems, and cultural relationships to groundwater expressions such as springs and rivers. Groundwater‐connected systems form social‐ecological systems with complex behaviors such as feedbacks, nonlinear processes, multiple stable system states, and path dependency. These complex behaviors are only visible through this integrated system framing and are not endogenous properties of physical groundwater systems. The framing is syncretic as it aims to provide a common conceptual foundation for the growing disciplines of socio‐hydrogeology, eco‐hydrogeology, groundwater governance, and hydro‐social groundwater analysis. The framing also facilitates greater alignment between the groundwater sustainability discourse and emerging sustainability concepts and principles. Aligning with these concepts and principles presents groundwater sustainability as more than a physical state to be reached; and argues that place‐based and multifaceted goals, values, justice, knowledge systems, governance, and management must continually be integrated to maintain groundwater's social, ecological, and Earth system functions. The groundwater‐connected systems framing can underpin a broad, methodologically pluralistic, and community‐driven new wave of data collection and analysis, research, governance, management, and education. These developments, together, can invigorate efforts to foster sustainable groundwater futures in the complex systems groundwater is embedded within.
RETRACTED: Prevalence of different types of wound infection in subjects with Parkinson's disease and total joint arthroplasty: A meta‐Analysis
Authors: Wang Yidong , Wang Shuangshuang , Yang Xiao 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA meta‐analysis study to assess the influence of Parkinson's disease (PD) on different types of wound infection (WI) in total joint arthroplasty (TJA) patients. A comprehensive literature examination till January 2023 was implemented and 1976 linked studies were appraised. The picked studies contained 76 661 subjects with TJA in the picked studies' baseline, 19 188 of them were PD, and 57 473 were non‐PD. Odds ratio (OR) in addition to 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to calculate the consequence of PD on different types of WI in TJA patients by the dichotomous and continuous styles and a fixed or random model. PD had a significantly higher postoperative surgical site WI (OR, 1.76; 95% CI, 1.15–2.67, P = .009), superficial WI (OR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.41–7.99, P = .006), and periprosthetic WI (OR, 4.89; 95% CI, 2.13–11.22, P < .001) compared to the non‐PD in TJA patients' post‐surgery wounds. PD had a significantly higher postoperative surgical site WI, superficial WI, and periprosthetic WI compared to the non‐PD in TJA patients' post‐surgery wounds. Though precautions should be taken when commerce with the consequences since some of the picked studies for this meta‐analysis was with low sample sizes.
Autism spectrum disorder and brain volume link through a set of mTOR‐related genes
Authors: Arenella Martina , Mota Nina R. , Teunissen Mariel W. A. , Brunner Han G. , Bralten Janita 
Published: March 2023

BackgroundLarger than average head and brain sizes are often observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). ASD and brain volume are both highly heritable, with multiple genetic variants contributing. However, it is unclear whether ASD and brain volume share any genetic mechanisms. Genes from the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway influence brain volume, and variants are found in rare genetic syndromes that include ASD features. Here we investigated whether variants in mTOR‐related genes are also associated with ASD and if they constitute a genetic link between large brains and ASD.MethodsWe extended our analyses between large heads (macrocephaly) and rare de novo mTOR‐related variants in an intellectual disability cohort (N = 2,258). Subsequently using Fisher's exact tests we investigated the co‐occurrence of mTOR‐related de novo variants and ASD in the de‐novo‐db database (N = 23,098). We next selected common genetic variants within a set of 96 mTOR‐related genes in genome‐wide genetic association data of ASD (N = 46,350) to test gene‐set association using MAGMA. Lastly, we tested genetic correlation between genome‐wide genetic association data of ASD (N = 46,350) and intracranial volume (N = 25,974) globally using linkage disequilibrium score regression as well as mTOR specific by restricting the genetic correlation to the mTOR‐related genes using GNOVA.ResultsOur results show that both macrocephaly and ASD occur above chance level in individuals carrying rare de novo variants in mTOR‐related genes. We found a significant mTOR gene‐set association with ASD (p = .0029) and an mTOR‐stratified positive genetic correlation between ASD and intracranial volume (p = .027), despite the absence of a significant genome‐wide correlation (p = .81).ConclusionsThis work indicates that both rare and common variants in mTOR‐related genes are associated with brain volume and ASD and genetically correlate them in the expected direction. We demonstrate that genes involved in mTOR signalling are potential mediators of the relationship between having a large brain and having ASD.
Intralesional photodynamic therapy induces apoptosis in basal cell carcinoma and Bowen's disease through caspase 3 and granzyme B
Authors: Evangelou G. , Koumaki D. , Fragiadaki I. , Chaniotis V. , Farrar M. D. , Karatzi C. , Sotiriou E. , Giannikaki E. , Katoulis A. , Papadakis M. , Lallas A. , Stefanidou M. , Krueger‐Krasagakis S. , Rhodes L. E. , Krasagakis K. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundPhotodynamic therapy (PDT) is used to treat cutaneous cancers. It may induce cell death through direct and indirect means, including apoptosis, inflammation and certain immune mechanisms, with the depth of penetration as a potential modifying factor.ObjectivesTo examine the pathways of apoptosis in the intralesional PDT of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and intraepidermal squamous cell carcinoma (Bowen's disease).MethodsSixteen patients with superficial or nodular BCC and Bowen's disease were treated with intralesional aminolevulinic acid‐PDT. Biopsies were taken at baseline and 24 h post‐PDT, and sections were examined by immunohistochemistry for the expression of markers of apoptosis, such as caspase 3, involved in the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, granzyme B, a caspase‐independent apoptotic mediator, and the proapoptotic markers BAX and BAK.ResultsApoptotic cells stained with TUNEL showed statistically significant staining at 24 h post PDT (p < 0.01 in both BCC and Bowen's lesions). Caspase 3 (p < 0.01 in BCC and p < 0.05 in Bowen's) and granzyme B (p < 0.01 in BCC and p < 0.01 in Bowen's) were significantly increased at 24 h post‐PDT. BAX expression was apparently increased compared to baseline in Bowen's lesions at 24 h post‐PDT, whereas Bak was upregulated both in BCC and Bowen's disease at baseline and at 24 h post‐PDT.ConclusionIntralesional PDT induces apoptosis in BCC and Bowen's disease via common and alternative apoptotic pathways involving granzyme B. Proapoptotic factors Bak in both BCC and Bowen and Bax in Bowen's disease appear to increase by intralesional PDT at 24 h.
Cerebrospinal fluid and serum proteomic profiles accurately distinguish neuroaxonal dystrophy from cervical vertebral compressive myelopathy in horses
Authors: Donnelly Callum G. , Johnson Amy L. , Reed Steve , Finno Carrie J. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundCervical vertebral compressive myelopathy (CVCM) and equine neuroaxonal dystrophy/degenerative myeloencephalopathy (eNAD/EDM) are leading causes of spinal ataxia in horses. The conditions can be difficult to differentiate, and there is currently no diagnostic modality that offers a definitive antemortem diagnosis.ObjectiveEvaluate novel proteomic techniques and machine learning algorithms to predict biomarkers that can aid in the antemortem diagnosis of noninfectious spinal ataxia in horses.AnimalsBanked serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from necropsy‐confirmed adult eNAD/EDM (n = 47) and CVCM (n = 25) horses and neurologically normal adult horses (n = 45).Methods. A subset of serum and CSF samples from eNAD/EDM (n = 5) and normal (n = 5) horses was used to evaluate the proximity extension assay (PEA). All samples were assayed by PEA for 368 neurologically relevant proteins. Data were analyzed using machine learning algorithms to define potential diagnostic biomarkers.ResultsOf the 368 proteins, 84 were detected in CSF and 146 in serum. Eighteen of 84 proteins in CSF and 30/146 in serum were differentially abundant among the 3 groups, after correction for multiple testing. Modeling indicated that a 2‐protein test using CSF had the highest accuracy for discriminating among all 3 groups. Cerebrospinal fluid R‐spondin 1 (RSPO1) and neurofilament‐light (NEFL), in parallel, predicted normal horses with an accuracy of 87.18%, CVCM with 84.62%, and eNAD/EDM with 73.5%.Main LimitationsCross‐species platform. Uneven sample size.Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceProximity extension assay technology allows for rapid screening of equine biologic matrices for potential protein biomarkers. Machine learning analysis allows for unbiased selection of highly accurate biomarkers from high‐dimensional data.