bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sichere roboterbasierte Produktion: Trends und Revisionen in Europäischen Normen und Richtlinien
Authors: Fischer Clara , Haspl Thomas , Rathmair Michael , Schlund Sebastian 
Published: September 2023

ZusammenfassungSicherheit, also Personen- sowie Informationssicherheit, ist eine der wichtigsten Anforderungen an jede Maschine und Anlage. Die Maschinenrichtlinie 2006/42/EG regelt das Inverkehrbringen von sicheren vollständigen und unvollständigen Maschinen. Ende Juni 2023 wurde die EU-weite Maschinenverordnung veröffentlicht, die die Maschinenrichtlinie in Zukunft ersetzen wird. Diese Neuerung ist für alle Maschinenbereiche von Relevanz. Speziell für die Robotik herrscht aktuell außerdem eine starke Revision im Bereich der Normierung. Zum einen wurde die ISO 13849, die meist verbreitete ISO-Norm für funktionale Sicherheit, erneuert. Zum anderen wird die ISO 10218, jene Norm, die die Anforderungen für den Entwurf von Industrierobotern und die Integration von deren Applikationen regelt, überarbeitet. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Einblick in die aktuellen Trends und Revisionen der europäischen Normen und Richtlinien, die für stationäre Industrieroboter und deren Applikationen relevant sind.
Individual Differences in Argument Strength Discrimination
Authors: Svedholm-Häkkinen Annika M. , Hietanen Mika , Baron Jonathan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBeing able to discriminate poorly justified from well justified arguments is necessary for informed citizenship. However, it is not known whether the ability to recognize argument strength generalizes across different types of arguments, and what cognitive factors predict this ability or these abilities. Drawing on the theory of argument schemes, we examined arguments from consequence, analogy, symptoms, and authority in order to cover all major types of arguments. A study (N = 278) on the general population in Finland indicated that the ability to discriminate between strong and weak arguments did not differ between these schemes. Argument strength discrimination ability correlated positively with analytic thinking dispositions promoting both quality and quantity of thinking, slightly positively with education, and negatively with overconfidence. It was unrelated to an intuitive thinking style, and to self-rated mental effort.
Modelling of non-structural components of an industrial multi-storey frame for seismic risk assessment
Authors: Quinci Gianluca , Nardin Chiara , Paolacci Fabrizio , Bursi Oreste S. 
Published: September 2023

AbstractSeismic risk assessment of industrial facilities is complex due to the presence of different types of equipment. It represents a research issue that requires further investigation. To this end, some analytical approaches have been developed in the framework of performance-based earthquake engineering. Nonetheless, their accuracy in the case of complex critical facilities, such as nuclear and non-nuclear industrial plants, is still under investigation. Thus, the proposed study intends to research in depth, in a risk assessment framework, some critical aspects related to: (1) modelling of industrial facilities and their secondary equipment with different degrees of accuracy, also taking into account their dynamic interaction; (2) selection of seismic records for fragility analysis, due to the narrow distribution of frequency values for non-structural components; (3) effectiveness of performance-based earthquake engineering applied to this particular class of coupled structure-equipment for risk assessment. In this context, the proper selection of seismic records becomes relevant, and SCoRes, an innovative algorithm for accelerograms selection is worthy of investigation. On these premises, two different configurations of a primary industrial structure, i.e. a moment resisting frame and a braced frame, equipped with non-structural components and subjected to shake table test campaigns are selected as case studies. For the two configurations, a vulnerability assessment of two vertical tanks installed on the first floor was carried out. Along these lines, to establish the effectiveness of the proposed method for both the moment resisting frame and braced frame configurations, the mean annual frequency of exceedance of the bottom-wall strain of the above-mentioned tanks, both at the design basis and safe shutdown earthquake has been evaluated.
Development and Validation of the Bullied Cognitions Inventory (BCI)
Authors: Graham Belinda , Ehlers Anke 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Bullying increases risk of social anxiety and can produce symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). According to cognitive models, these are maintained by unhelpful beliefs, which are therefore assessed and targeted in cognitive therapy. This paper describes psychometric validation of a new measure of beliefs related to bullying experiences.

Methods
In an online survey of 1879 young people before starting university or college in the UK, 1279 reported a history of bullying (N = 1279), and 854 rated their agreement with beliefs about self and others related to bullying experiences and completed symptom measures of social anxiety and PTSD related to bullying. An empirical structure for a Bullied Cognitions Inventory was established using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and assessed using model fit statistics and tests of reliability and validity.

Results
Fifteen items clustered into four themes: “degraded in the eyes of others”, “negative interpretations of reactions to bullying”, “recognisable as a bullying victim” and “social defeat”. The measure has acceptable reliability and validity and, accounting for existing cognitive measures, explained additional variance in symptoms of PTSD but not social anxiety.

Conclusions
The Bullied Cognitions Inventory (BCI) is a valid and reliable tool for measuring cognitions related to bullying. It may be useful in therapy for identifying and monitoring unhelpful cognitions in those who were bullied.
Conventional and genetic associations of adiposity with 1463 proteins in relatively lean Chinese adults
Authors: Yao Pang , Iona Andri , Kartsonaki Christiana , Said Saredo , Wright Neil , Lin Kuang , Pozarickij Alfred , Millwood Iona , Fry Hannah , Mazidi Mohsen , Chen Yiping , Du Huaidong , Bennett Derrick , Avery Daniel , Schmidt Dan , Pei Pei , Lv Jun , Yu Canqing , Hill Michael , Chen Junshi , Peto Richard , Walters Robin , Collins Rory , Li Liming , Clarke Robert , Chen Zhengming ,   China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group
Published: September 2023

AbstractAdiposity is associated with multiple diseases and traits, but little is known about the causal relevance and mechanisms underlying these associations. Large-scale proteomic profiling, especially when integrated with genetic data, can clarify mechanisms linking adiposity with disease outcomes. We examined the associations of adiposity with plasma levels of 1463 proteins in 3977 Chinese adults, using measured and genetically-instrumented BMI. We further used two-sample bi-directional MR analyses to assess if certain proteins influenced adiposity, along with other (e.g. enrichment) analyses to clarify possible mechanisms underlying the observed associations. Overall, the mean (SD) baseline BMI was 23.9 (3.3) kg/m2, with only 6% being obese (i.e. BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2). Measured and genetically-instrumented BMI was significantly associated at FDR < 0.05 with levels of 1096 (positive/inverse: 826/270) and 307 (positive/inverse: 270/37) proteins, respectively, with FABP4, LEP, IL1RN, LSP1, GOLM2, TNFRSF6B, and ADAMTS15 showing the strongest positive and PON3, NCAN, LEPR, IGFBP2 and MOG showing the strongest inverse genetic associations. These associations were largely linear, in adiposity-to-protein direction, and replicated (> 90%) in Europeans of UKB (mean BMI 27.4 kg/m2). Enrichment analyses of the top > 50 BMI-associated proteins demonstrated their involvement in atherosclerosis, lipid metabolism, tumour progression and inflammation. Two-sample bi-directional MR analyses using cis-pQTLs identified in CKB GWAS found eight proteins (ITIH3, LRP11, SCAMP3, NUDT5, OGN, EFEMP1, TXNDC15, PRDX6) significantly affect levels of BMI, with NUDT5 also showing bi-directional association. The findings among relatively lean Chinese adults identified novel pathways by which adiposity may increase disease risks and novel potential targets for treatment of obesity and obesity-related diseases.
Gains in life expectancy from decreasing cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality – an analysis of 28 European countries 1995–2019
Authors: Wéber András , Laversanne Mathieu , Nagy Péter , Kenessey István , Soerjomataram Isabelle , Bray Freddie 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Life expectancy (LE) is an indicator of societal progress among rapidly aging populations. In recent decades, the displacement of deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer have been key drivers in further extending LE on the continent, though improvements vary markedly by country, sex, and over time. This study provides a comparative overview of the age-specific contributions of CVD and cancer to increasing LE in the 27 European Union member states, plus the U.K.

Methods
Cause-by-age decompositions of national changes in LE were conducted for the years 1995–1999 and 2015–2019 based on the standard approach of multiple decrement life tables to quantify the relative impact over time. The contributions of CVD and cancer mortality changes to differences in LE were computed by sex and age for each of the 28 countries. We examine the difference between the member states before 2004 (“founding countries”) and those which accessed the EU after 2004 (“A10 countries”).

Results
Among men, declines in CVD mortality in the founding countries of the EU were larger contributors to increasing LE over the last decades than malignant neoplasms: 2.26 years were gained by CVD declines versus 1.07 years for cancer, with 2.23 and 0.84 years gained in A10 countries, respectively. Among women in founding countries, 1.81 and 0.54 additional life years were attributable to CVD and cancer mortality declines, respectively, while in A10 countries, the corresponding values were 2.33 and 0.37 years. Lung and stomach cancer in men, and breast cancer in women were key drivers of gains in LE due to cancer overall, though rising mortality rates from lung cancer diminished the potential impact of increasing female LE in both EU founding (e.g., France, Spain, and Sweden) and A10 countries (e.g., Croatia, Hungary, and Slovenia), notably among cohorts aged 55–70 years. Over the 25 years, the LE gap between the two sets of countries narrowed from 6.22 to 5.59 years in men, and from 4.03 to 3.12 years for women, with diminishing female mortality from CVD as a determinative contributor.

Conclusion
This study underscores the continued existence of an East-West divide in life expectancy across the EU27 + 1, evident on benchmarking the founding vs. A10 countries. In EU founding countries, continuous economic growth alongside improved health care, health promotion and protection policies have contributed to steady declines in mortality from chronic diseases, leading to increases in life expectancy. In contrast, less favourable mortality trends in the EU A10 countries indicate greater economic and health care challenges, and a failure to implement effective health policies.
Targeted sequencing of the Panicum miliaceum gene space and genotyping of variant sites from population genetics studies, combined in a single assay, as a tool for broomcorn millet assisted breeding
Authors: Magris Gabriele , Foria Serena , Ciani Silvano , Santra Dipak K. , Polenghi Ombretta , Cerne Virna , Morgante Michele , Di Gaspero Gabriele 
Published: September 2023

AbstractBroomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is a prehistorical cereal, today cultivated as a minor crop with low yields but with a renewed interest for its high water use efficiency and gluten-free grains. To reverse the downward trend in broomcorn millet cultivation, the crop needs genetic improvement and creation of novel genetic variation to increase productivity. In order to facilitate genomics-assisted breeding, we designed a reduced representation genome-sequencing assay that investigates 1.8% of the nuclear DNA in a targeted and reproducible way, with an intensity of genomic sampling that is a direct function of local recombination rate. We used this tool and set up bioinformatics analyses tailored to the polyploid genome of P. miliaceum for maternity and paternity testing, quantification and genomic distribution of homozygous regions and estimation of parental genome contribution for individual seedlings in advanced inbred lines from a breeding program and compared their genomic composition with registered varieties. We found several clues that suggest that the genetic purification process to ensure genetic uniformity is incomplete in varieties of this species. Residual heterozygosity was detected in the genome of three registered varieties ranging from 4.4 to 6.25% of their haploid genome length. Other registered varieties show genome-wide homozygosity. We found, however, evidence of intravarietal genetic variation in three cases that suggest that the breeder seed or commercial seed production had fixed by self-pollination multiple inbred lines with very similar, though not identical, genotypes within each variety.
Queueing network models for the analysis and optimisation of material handling systems: a systematic literature review
Authors: Amjath Mohamed , Kerbache Laoucine , Elomri Adel , Smith James MacGregor 
Published: September 2023

AbstractMaterial handling systems (MHSs) are an integral part of logistics functions in manufacturing and service organizations. Material handling equipment (MHE) is considered the pivotal actor of any given MHS. Decisions ranging from the strategic level, such as selecting the proper MHE, capacity, and ownership (in-house or outsourcing) to operational level decisions such as resource allocation, scheduling, and routing of MHEs, are critical to the efficiency of an MHS. Industry practitioners use various methods and tools to evaluate these MHSs to find the best policies for their operations. This study identifies past works related to the performance evaluation and optimisation of MHSs using queueing network models. Moreover, this study provides a comprehensive analysis of identified research questions. The study methodology adopts a systematic literature review, bibliometric, and content analysis techniques proposed in similar research studies. This study provides material logistics scholars and practitioners with a thorough understanding of queueing networks as a modelling tool for analysing MHS applications in various domains.
Silicon improves the growth of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. under salt and/or drought stress by regulating respiration metabolism
Authors: Fan Ming , Zhang Enhe , Zhang Xinhui , Liu Qinglin , Guo Fengxia 
Published: September 2023

AbstractDrought and salt stress severely threaten the growth and productivity of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. (G.uralensis), and usually, they occur concomitantly. Silicon (Si) addition is well known to enhance the tolerance of plants. Here, we analyzed the changes in parameters related to growth and respiration, including glycolysis pathway (EMP), tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, and pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) by Si in G. uralensis seedlings under salt and/or drought stresses. Results showed that Si effectively alleviated the effect of salt, drought and combined stress on the growth and respiration metabolism of G. uralensis seedlings. Under salt stress, Si increased leaf number by 15.13%, upregulated the TCA pathway at the transcriptional level, and increased PFK, PK, and content of acetyl CoA in both aerial and underground, ICDHm, α-KGDH in aerial part and NAD-MDH in underground part, thus alleviating the inhibitory effect of salt stress on the EMP–TCA process, but weakening the PPP by declining G6PDH and 6-PGDH in aerial part by 34.10% and 55.54%, and G6PDH in underground part by 83.86%. Under drought stress, Si increased underground biomass by 11.40%, slowed the EMP by decreasing PFK in aerial part by 21.76%, PK and PFK in underground part by 38.11% and 64.71%, weakened PPP by reducing 6-PGDH in aerial part by 72.9%, G6PDH and 6-PGDH in underground part by 77.00% and 64.71%. Si increased SDH and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) by 28.66% and 145.48% with the TCA cycle and GABA shunt as the main respiratory pathways in the underground part of drought-stressed seedlings. Under combined stresses, Si addition increased leaf number and aboveground biomass by 11.96% and 23.88%, upregulated the EMP and TCA pathways at the transcriptional level, and alleviated the effects of combined stress on EMP–TCA metabolic processes at the physiological and biochemical levels by increasing PDH, α-KGDH and NAD-MDH in aerial part by 27.22%, 18.85% and 140.37%, HK, PK and PEPC in underground part by 93.97%, 25.81% and 31.19%, initiated the replenishment mechanism and inhibited GABA shunt in underground part of G. uralensis to provide energy for vital activities. In conclusion, Si can effectively regulate respiration metabolism process to provide more substrates for subsequent physiological processes, thus improving tolerance to salt and drought stress, and thereby promote the growth of G. uralensis seedlings under stress conditions.
J147 ameliorates sepsis-induced depressive-like behaviors in mice by attenuating neuroinflammation through regulating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway
Authors: Qiu Fang , Zeng Changchun , Liu Yuqiang , Pan Haobo , Ke Changneng 
Published: September 2023

AbstractNeuroinflammation is associated with the pathophysiology of depression. The molecular mechanism of depressive-like behavior caused by sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is incompletely understood. J147 (an analog of curcumin) has been reported to improve memory and has neuroprotective activity, but its biological function in the depressive-like behavior observed in SAE is not known. We investigated the effects of J147 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammatory, depressive-like behaviors, and the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signal pathway in the mouse hippocampus and microglia (BV2 cells). The forced-swimming test (FST) and tail-suspension test (TST) were undertaken for assessment of depressive-like behaviors. Expression of the proinflammatory genes interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were measured using RT-qPCR and ELISA. Microglia activation was detected using immunofluorescence staining. The TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway was studied using western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. J147 pretreatment markedly downregulated expression of IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, and the mean fluorescence intensity of ionized calcium-binding adapter protein-1 in microglia. J147 restrained LPS-induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa B (IκB) degradation, and TLR4 activation in microglia. J147 administration inhibited bodyweight loss, mortality, microglia activation, and depressive-like behaviors in LPS-treated mice. In conclusion, J147 ameliorated the sepsis-induced depressive-like behaviors induced by neuroinflammation through attenuating the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in microglia.
Therapeutic Goal Types in Young People’s Mental Health Providers and Changes in Anxiety and Mood
Authors: Smith Nicholas , Janbakhsh Melika , Gay Hollie , Limond Jennifer , Parker Jonathan 
Published: September 2023

AbstractClinical goal setting is an important area of practice within mental health interventions for children and young people (CYP). The present research aimed to explore the type of intervention goals set by CYP during mental health interventions. Further, changes in goal progress from pre- to post-intervention were compared between externally observed behavioural goals and subjective feelings-based goals. The relationship between therapeutic goal achievement and changes in symptoms of depression and anxiety (measured using the Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale) was also investigated. Data were collected from 792 participants aged 3 to 18 years (mean age: 13.8, SD: 2.85) across all gender identities and ethnicities, who received low-intensity cognitive behavioural therapy interventions from Children’s Wellbeing Practitioners in the Southwest of England. A mixed methods approach involving conceptual content analysis, correlational analysis, and group comparisons was utilised. Eleven categories of child-rated goals were identified. The most commonly developed goals focused on understanding, managing, and expressing emotions and feelings. No significant differences were found between behavioural and feelings-based goals (p = 0.061). Partial correlations demonstrated that improvements in goal progress were significantly associated with reductions in depression and anxiety symptoms (rs > −0.157, p < 0.001), even when controlling for the number of sessions attended (rs > −0.146, p < 0.001). Integrating goal-based outcomes with standardised measures could enhance a comprehensive approach to service delivery and evaluation.
A new texture descriptor for data-driven constitutive modeling of anisotropic plasticity
Authors: Schmidt Jan , Hartmaier Alexander 
Published: September 2023

AbstractConstitutive modeling of anisotropic plastic material behavior traditionally follows a deductive scheme, relying on empirical observations that are cast into analytic equations, the so-called phenomenological yield functions. Recently, data-driven constitutive modeling has emerged as an alternative to phenomenological models as it offers a more general way to describe the material behavior with no or fewer assumptions. In data-driven constitutive modeling, methods of statistical learning are applied to infer the yield function directly from a data set generated by experiments or numerical simulations. Currently these data sets solely consist of stresses and strains, considering the microstructure only implicitly. Similar to the phenomenological approach, this limits the generality of the inferred material model, as it is only valid for the specific material employed in the virtual or physical experiments. In this work, we present a new generic descriptor for crystallographic texture that allows an explicit consideration of the microstructure in data-driven constitutive modeling. This descriptor compromises between generality and complexity and is based on an approximately equidistant discretization of the orientation space. We prove its ability to capture the structure–property relationships between a variety of cubic–orthorhombic textures and their anisotropic plastic behavior expressed by the yield function Yld2004-18p. Three different machine learning models trained with the descriptor can predict yield loci as well asr-values of unseen microstructures with sufficient accuracy. The descriptor allows an explicit consideration of crystallographic texture, providing a pathway to microstructure-sensitive data-driven constitutive modeling.