bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Minor Actinides Can Replace Essential Lanthanides in Bacterial Life**
Authors: Singer Helena , Steudtner Robin , Klein Andreas S. , Rulofs Carolin , Zeymer Cathleen , Drobot Björn , Pol Arjan , Cecilia Martinez‐Gomez N. , Op den Camp Huub J. M. , Daumann Lena J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCertain f‐block elements—the lanthanides—have biological relevance in the context of methylotrophic bacteria. The respective strains incorporate these 4 f elements into the active site of one of their key metabolic enzymes, a lanthanide‐dependent methanol dehydrogenase. In this study, we investigated whether actinides, the radioactive 5 f elements, can replace the essential 4 f elements in lanthanide‐dependent bacterial metabolism. Growth studies with Methylacidiphilum fumariolicum SolV and the Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 ΔmxaF mutant demonstrate that americium and curium support growth in the absence of lanthanides. Moreover, strain SolV favors these actinides over late lanthanides when presented with a mixture of equal amounts of lanthanides together with americium and curium. Our combined in vivo and in vitro results establish that methylotrophic bacteria can utilize actinides instead of lanthanides to sustain their one‐carbon metabolism if they possess the correct size and a +III oxidation state.
Electrocatalytic Synthesis of Essential Amino Acids from Nitric Oxide Using Atomically Dispersed Fe on N‐doped Carbon
Authors: Xian Jiahui , Li Suisheng , Su Hui , Liao Peisen , Wang Shihan , Zhang Yawei , Yang Wenqian , Yang Jun , Sun Yamei , Jia Yaling , Liu Qinglin , Liu Qinghua , Li Guangqin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHow to transfer industrial exhaust gases of nitrogen oxides into high‐values product is significantly important and challenging. Herein, we demonstrate an innovative method for artificial synthesis of essential α‐amino acids from nitric oxide (NO) by reacting with α‐keto acids through electrocatalytic process with atomically dispersed Fe supported on N‐doped carbon matrix (AD‐Fe/NC) as the catalyst. A yield of valine with 32.1 μmol mgcat−1 is delivered at −0.6 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode, corresponding a selectivity of 11.3 %. In situ X‐ray absorption fine structure and synchrotron radiation infrared spectroscopy analyses show that NO as nitrogen source converted to hydroxylamine that promptly nucleophilic attacked on the electrophilic carbon center of α‐keto acid to form oxime and subsequent reductive hydrogenation occurred on the way to amino acid. Over 6 kinds of α‐amino acids have been successfully synthesized and gaseous nitrogen source can be also replaced by liquid nitrogen source (NO3−). Our findings not only provide a creative method for converting nitrogen oxides into high‐valued products, which is of epoch‐making significance towards artificial synthesis of amino acids, but also benefit in deploying near‐zero‐emission technologies for global environmental and economic development.
Exploiting Reusable Edge‐Functionalized Metal‐Free Polyphthalocyanine Networks for Efficient Polymer Synthesis at Near Infrared Wavelengths
Authors: Wei Wen Fang , Li Xue , Jiang Kaiyue , Zhang Bin , Zhuang Xiaodong , Cai Tao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHeterogeneous catalysts are highly advantageous for industrial applications owing to their distinctive merits including easy separation and effective recovery. However, utilizing heterogeneous photocatalysts to harness longer wavelength light remains a critical area of research. This contribution explores the use of edge‐functionalized metal‐free polyphthalocyanine networks (PPc‐x) to promote efficient polymer synthesis under near infrared (NIR) light irradiation. Our screening process revealed that both phenyl‐edged PPc‐x (PPc‐p) and naphthyl‐edged PPc‐x (PPc‐n) offer promising performance for photopolymerization. With the assistance of ppm‐level PPc‐n catalyst, well‐defined polymers were synthesized within a few hours under the regulation of three NIR lights, regardless of shielded by synthetic and biological barriers. An excellent control over the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution was achieved. Furthermore, PPc‐x can be easily recovered and reused for multiple cycles, with negligible leaching and maintenance of the catalytic performance. This study expands a new avenue in developing versatile photocatalysts for the modern synthetic toolkits and offer benefits in diverse applications.
A screening process for carbonation of vegetable oils using an aluminum(salen) complex with a further application as weldable polymers
Authors: Alarcon Rafael T. , Lamb Katie J. , Cavalheiro Éder T. G. , North Michael , Bannach Gilbert 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCarbon dioxide (CO2) occurs naturally, though its emissions have been increasing due to anthropogenic activities, and its increasing atmospheric concentration levels are causing a greenhouse effect. In efforts to develop new carbon dioxide utilization (CDU) methodologies, the catalyzed reaction of CO2 with epoxidized vegetable oil, obtained from Brazilian macaw oil and Baru oil, to form carbonated oils for novel and sustainable monomers was explored. A screening process is carried out to develop the best reaction conditions, by varying catalyst/cocatalyst loading, reaction time, CO2 pressure, and the reaction temperature, resulting in conversions of 100%. The aluminum(salen) complex shows a selective and efficient catalyst activity. Both carbonated oils are reacted with amines (1,6‐diaminohexane, lysine, and 4,4′‐methylenebis [cyclohexylamine]) to provide weldable polyhydroxyurethanes. Polymers synthesized from lysine provide a more selective reaction and higher cross‐linked structures, with fewer side reactions involving the glyceride groups. All the synthesized polymers are thermally stable above 200°C and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis shows two main thermal events, related to the glass transition (Tg) and the topology‐freezing transition temperature (Tv). The Tv result indicates that the polymer has weldable properties due to chemical bond exchange. Thus, these polymers can be healed into different shapes upon exposure to red light (660 nm).
Shell characterization of the youngest valid species of the European Eocene genus Neochelys (Pleurodira, Podocnemididae): The Spanish Bartonian Neochelys salmanticensis
Authors: Pérez‐García Adán , Guerrero Andrea , Martín de Jesús Santiago , Ortega Francisco 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe freshwater pleurodiran turtle Neochelys is the best‐represented member of Podocnemididae in the European record, being known by eight Eocene species. The youngest of them is the Bartonian (middle Eocene) Neochelys salmanticensis, from the Duero Basin (Salamanca Province, Central Spain). It corresponds to the largest representative known for this genus, its shell reaching 50 cm in length. Despite this form was defined several decades ago, the information currently available on it is very limited, being restricted to shell remains of less than 10 individuals. In fact, this species lacks a valid diagnosis, considering the current knowledge about the genus. Numerous remains (i.e., more than 1,200) of the shell of this Spanish species are identified. Its detailed study is presented here, so that the anatomy of its shell is characterized in detail. In addition, several aspects related to its intraspecific variability are analyzed, relative to the individual, ontogenetic, and sexual variability. In this way, the shell of N. salmanticensis can be characterized with greater precision than that of any other species of the genus.
Designing and Judd–Ofelt evaluation of versatile luminescent Eu (III) complexes sensitized with β‐diketone ligand for multifarious applications
Authors: Dua Nishita , Punia Monika , Chhillar Pooja , Bedi Manisha , Khatkar Satyender Pal , Taxak Vinod Bala , Doon Priti Boora 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe present research work entails the synthesis of one binary and four ternary red light−emitting Eu (III)‐based complexes with 3‐benzylidene‐2,4‐pentanedione as the main ligand and 1,10‐phenanthroline, bathophenanthroline, neocuproine, and 4,4′‐′dimethyl‐2,2′‐′bipyridyl as auxiliary ligands. The metal–organic framework of the series was elucidated using energy dispersive X‐ray analysis, elemental analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and proton nuclear magnetic resonance. This Eu (III) series exhibits optimum thermal stability, making them a promising candidate for organic light‐emitting diodes. On the basis of emission spectra, their optical parameters such as nonradiative and radiative decay rates, luminescence decay time, intrinsic quantum efficiency, and Judd–Ofelt intensity parameter were determined. The monocentric luminescence and Judd–Ofelt parameters reveal the absence of symmetry around the europium center. CIE chromaticity coordinates, correlated color temperature values, color purity, and asymmetric ratios authenticate the color coordinates of the complexes in red region. Optical band gap values lie within the range of wide band gap semiconductors, indicating their utilization in military radars and biological labeling.
P300 as a correlate of false beliefs and false statements
Authors: Wang Yang , Siu Carrey Tik Sze , Cheung Him 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIntroductionThis study investigates P300 as a component for false belief and false statement processing with and without a communicative context. The purpose is to understand why P300 has been shown to be commonly involved in false belief and lie processing.MethodsParticipants were presented with a story in which the protagonist holds a true belief and makes a true statement of it (true belief), holds a false belief and makes a true statement (false belief), or holds a true belief and makes a false statement (false statement) while electroencephalograms were recorded.ResultsIn Experiment 1, featuring a solitary protagonist, stronger posterior P300 was shown in the false belief condition than the true belief and false statement condition. With the installation of a communicative context by including a second character listening to the protagonist, Experiment 2 showed enhanced frontal P300 in the false statement condition compared to the true belief and false belief condition. A late slow wave was more prominent in the false belief condition than in the other two conditions in Experiment 2.ConclusionThe present results suggest a situation‐dependent nature of P300. The signal captures the discrepancy between belief and reality more readily than that between belief and words under a noncommunicative context. It becomes more sensitive to the discrepancy between belief and words than that between belief and reality in a communicative situation with an audience, which makes any false statement practically a lie.
The uneasy marriage of private standards and public policies for sustainable commodity governance
Authors: van der Ven Hamish , Barmes David 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGlobal value chains for commodity agriculture have been the target of a broad array of sustainability governance efforts led by both public and private actors. In this paper, we ask: how do public policies and private standards interact in commodity‐exporting countries? To answer this question, we examine the interactions between voluntary sustainability standards and domestic public policies in three cases: soybean farming in Brazil, palm oil production in Indonesia, and pangasius aquaculture in Vietnam. We find that in each case, public and private governance interactions go through a period of competition before ending in a state of reluctant complementarity. We argue that this reluctant complementarity results from the need of governments in commodity‐producing countries to maintain export markets for their goods. This finding challenges the idea that complementarity between public and private sustainable commodity governance is driven by goal alignment and tempers expectations that standards and certifications can mitigate deforestation.
Syntheses and Biological Activities of Danicalipin A Derivatives
Authors: Umezawa Taiki , Maeda Takeshi , Akiyama Takuya , Iman Prakoso Nurcahyo , Jerin Mehjabin Jakia , Okino Tatsufumi , Matsuda Fuyuhiko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSynthesis of three derivatives of danicalipin A, tetrachloride, trisulfate and a fluorescent probe was achieved through Wittig reaction strategy. Toxicity of the derivatives against brine shrimp (Artemia salina) as also investigated to provide useful information for the biological activity; i) less chloride derivative showed similar toxicity to danicalipin A, ii) the amphiphilic property, a characteristic feature of danicalipin A, was crucial because trisulfate considerably decreased the toxicity and iii) fluorescent derivative kept brine shrimp toxicity of danicalipin A.
Endovascular treatment of femoro‐popliteal occlusions with retrograde tibial access after failure of the antegrade approach
Authors: Minici Roberto , Serra Raffaele , De Rosi Nicola , Ciranni Salvatore , Talarico Marisa , Petullà Maria , Guzzardi Giuseppe , Fontana Federico , Laganà Domenico 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundDespite the development in endovascular technologies and the introduction of new tools in clinical practice, the endovascular crossing of femoropopliteal occlusions is not always possible with the antegrade approach, with a failure rate that can be up to 20%. This study aims to assess the feasibility, safety, and efficacy in terms of acute outcome of the endovascular retrograde crossing of femoro‐popliteal occlusions with tibial access.MethodsThis study is a single‐centre, retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data of 152 consecutive patients, who had undergone, from September 2015 to September 2022, endovascular treatment of femoro‐popliteal arterial occlusions with retrograde tibial access after the failure of the antegrade approach.ResultsThe median lesion length was 25 cm and 66 patients (43.4%) had a calcium grading according to the peripheral arterial calcium scoring system of 4. Angiographically, 44.7% of the lesions were TASC II category D. In all cases, successful cannulation and sheath introduction were performed with an average cannulation time of 150.4 s. Femoropopliteal occlusions were successfully crossed with the retrograde route in 94.1% of cases; the intimal approach was performed in 114 patients (79.7%). The mean time from puncture to retrograde crossing was 20.5 min. Acute vascular access‐site complications were noted in 7 (4.6%) patients. Thirty‐day major adverse cardiovascular events rate and 30‐day major adverse limb events rate of 3.3% and 2%, respectively, were observed.ConclusionsThe results of our study indicate that retrograde crossing of femoro‐popliteal occlusions with tibial access is a feasible, effective, and safe approach in case of failed antegrade approach. The results presented represent one of the largest investigations ever published on tibial retrograde access and contribute to the small body of literature present on this topic to date.
Promising Catalytic Application by Pincer Metal Complexes: Recent Advances in Hydrogenation of Carbon‐Based Molecules
Authors: Manar Krishna K. , Cheng Jing , Yang Yang , Yang Xuemei , Ren Peng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn the last two decades, pincer metal complexes have been highly utilized as catalysts for a variety of organic transformations in both industrial and social applications. Owing to the extraordinary chemical characteristics, such as extra thermal stability and easy functionalization, they were extensively utilized for generating novel catalytic species. Besides, the catalytic activity of these pincer metal complexes was achieved with high atom economy and eco‐friendly routes. Recently, the catalysts exhibited excellent behaviour towards various immerging systems, such as the hydrogenation of CO2, nitriles, amides, esters, olefins and alkynes, which are valuable for industrial production, academic research, and green environment. The main goal of this reviewwas to highlight how pincer metal complexes function in these catalytic hydrogenation reactions, as well as their mechanistic studies. Specifically, we focus on the most updated advancements in hydrogenation in the last few years. Some outlooks and future suggestions for further related work conclude the paper.
Photothermal Perylene Bisimide Hydrogels
Authors: Thomson Lisa , Ginesi Rebecca E. , Osborne Daniel D. , Draper Emily R. , Adams Dave J. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGels formed using a perylene bisimide (PBI) as a low molecular weight gelator can show the photothermal effect. Formation of the PBI radical anion results in new absorption bands forming, meaning that subsequent irradiation with a wavelength of light overlapping with the new absorption band leads to heating of the gel. This approach can be used to heat the gel, as well as the surrounding milieu. We show how we can use electrochemical methods as well as multicomponent systems to form the radical anion without the need for UV light, and how we can use the photothermal effect to induce phase transitions in the solutions above the gels by exploiting photothermal behavior.
Dichotomy of Delocalization/Localization and Charge‐Shift Bonding in Germanazene and its Heavier Group 14 Analogues: a Valence Bond Study
Authors: Jain Shailja , Danovich David , Radenković Slavko , Shaik Sason 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe present here a valence bond analysis of structure and π‐delocalization in Ge3(NH)3, which models germanazene that was prepared by Power et al. To get a broader perspective, we explore the entire E3(NH)3 series (E=C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb). Thus, while (4n+2)π systems of carbon rings are aromatic with cyclic π‐delocalization, the E3(NH)3 rings are dominated by a nonbonded structure, wherein π‐lone pairs are localized on the N atoms. Nevertheless, these molecules enjoy large covalent‐ionic resonance energies of 153.0, 86.6, 74.2, 61.2, and 58.9 kcal/mol, respectively, for E=C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb. The covalent‐ionic mixing in E3(NH)3 creates π‐systems, which are stabilized by charge‐shift bonding. Thus, unlike in benzene, in Ge3(NH)3 delocalization of π‐electron pairs of the N atoms is primarily confined to the domains of their adjacent Ge atoms. These features carry over to the substituted germanazene, Ge3(NAr)3 (Ar=Ph).
Base‐Triggered Oxidative Addition to Gold
Authors: Marelli Enrico , Monot Julien , Martin‐Vaca Blanca , Mallet‐Ladeira Sonia , García‐Rodeja Yago , Miqueu Karinne , Bourissou Didier 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe coordination of secondary phosphine oxides (SPO) was shown to efficiently promote the activation of C(sp2)−I bonds by gold, as long as a base is added (NEt3, K2CO3). These transformations stand as a new type of chelation‐assisted oxidative addition to gold. The role of the base and the influence of the electronic properties of the P‐ligand were analyzed computationally. Accordingly, the oxidative addition was found to be dominated by Au→(Ar−I) backdonation. In this case, gold behaves similarly to palladium, suggesting that the inverse electron flow reported previously (with prevailing (Ar−I)→Au donation, resulting in faster reactions of electron‐enriched substrates) is a specific feature of electron‐deficient cationic gold(I) complexes. The reaction gives straightforward access to (P=O,C)‐cyclometallated Au(III) complexes. The possibility to chemically derivatize the SPO moiety at Au(III) was substantiated by protonation and silylation reactions.
Ozonation/extraction coupled non‐catalytic desulphurization of VGO/natural gas condensate
Authors: Adhami Mohsen , Salman Movahedirad , Sobati Mohammad Amin , Khalili‐Garakani Amirhossein 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe desulphurization of hydrocarbon fuels with high sulphur content and a wide variety of sulphur‐containing compounds brings significant challenges. In the present work, the non‐catalytic desulphurization of vacuum gas oil (VGO) and natural gas condensate mixed fuel has been investigated. In this regard, ozone was employed as the oxidant in a bubble column gas–liquid contactor, and an extraction step was further incorporated. The effects of the oxidation reactor scheme, ozonation time, and extraction with different solvents, applying pre‐ and post‐extraction strategies (i.e., ozonation/extraction/extraction and extraction/ozonation/extraction), have been studied. It was found that pre‐extraction of mixed fuel increases the oxidative desulphurization (ODS) efficiency due to the removal of light sulphur‐containing compounds (SCCs). N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP) has been found to be the most effective extraction agent, removing 44% of sulphur by pure extraction and 77.4% by ozonation + extraction. However, in terms of fuel loss, dimethylformamide (DMF) performs better than NMP, and it has been shown to be the most appropriate solvent for achieving a 90% desulphurization ratio. Finally, it was found that the applied procedure could effectively remove the wide range of SCCs, especially refractive components such as benzothiophene (BT) and dibenzothiophene (DBT).
1H NMR Elucidation of Observed Stable Sugar‐NaCl‐water Complexes in Aqueous Solution**
Authors: Zhu Gan , Li Hui , Li Yiqun , Gu Liuqun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe solvation of sugars in aqueous media matters in the understanding of biological systems and carbohydrate transformations. The presence of NaCl is known to perturb hydrogen bonding of sugar hydrates, however, direct evidence to elucidate mechanism at atom level is very rare even though the “NaCl Effect” was well known in biomass transformations for chemicals/biofuels. Here we report experimental evidences of a clear staircase‐like correlation between induced 1H NMR changes of D‐glucose/fructose with concentration of NaCl aqueous solution at room temperature; and two stable bonding status was observed in the system. HDO in sugar/NaCl aqueous solution as a “dynamic” reference is a key to enable decoupling the global salt effect in this 1H NMR investigation of NaCl‐saccharide interaction. Via a further half‐quantitative study, three structures of stable sugar‐NaCl‐water complexes were mapped for the first time in tackling the NaCl‐monosaccharide interaction at atomic level in an aqueous solution. Based on the maximum of induced 1H NMR shifts, an ideal NaCl usage was proposed.
Targeted therapy for lung cancer: Beyond EGFR and ALK
Authors: Herrera‐Juárez Mercedes , Serrano‐Gómez Cristina , Bote‐de‐Cabo Helena , Paz‐Ares Luis 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPrecision oncology comprises the set of strategies that aim to design the best cancer treatment based on tumor biology. A recognized subset of patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harbor actionable genomic aberrations that can benefit from targeted therapy. In lung cancer, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements are well characterized oncogenic drivers for which the therapeutic use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors has demonstrated improved outcomes compared with chemotherapy. Other druggable targets are also well characterized, and effective inhibitors have been developed and commercialized, leading to a paradigm shift in NSCLC treatment. Here, the authors provide a review of the oncogenic role of the most relevant molecular alterations in NSCLC and emerging treatments in this setting beyond EGFR‐driven and ALK‐driven diseases.