bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Benchmark to Evaluate Revised Censoring Procedures for ASTM E1921
Authors: Tregoning R. L. , Wallin K. R. W. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
ASTM E1921, Standard Test Method for Determination of Reference Temperature, T0, for Ferritic Steels in the Transition Range, contains a censoring criterion, KJΔa, that limits the amount of ductile tearing prior to cleavage in specimen data used to calculate the reference temperature, T0. A frequent complaint from users is that the requirements for both determining and implementing KJΔa are unclear and difficult to apply. These provisions require that KJΔa be determined using either the maximum valid KJc data from another result within the data set (i.e., one with an acceptance amount ductile tearing prior to cleavage) or a K-value based on the material’s JIc value (i.e., KJIc). Both options are potentially problematic as the JIc value is often unknown and assigning other test data as the censoring value can cause situations where this value is higher than the measured KJc value for that specimen. A benchmark analysis evaluated two alternative options for ductile-tearing censoring requirements proposed to rectify these inadequacies. The first option uses an absolute ductile-tearing-limit criterion and is simpler to apply. The second option employs a ductile tearing limit that varies with the KJc result but is designed to minimize the conservative bias associated with excessive ductile tearing. Data sets for low upper-shelf materials with sufficient data to calculate valid T0 values, yet with a significant percentage of data with measurable ductile tearing prior to cleavage were selected for evaluation. The benchmark results illustrated that although there is no obviously better censoring option, the option that uses an absolute ductile-tearing-limit is simpler to implement, whereas the T0 results are generally consistent with those calculated for the option with the variable ductile-tearing-limit.
Correlation between red cell distribution width and coronary artery disease in patients undergoing elective coronary angiography
Authors: Latif Sayem Bin , Das Prabir Kumar , Awal Anisul , Dev Saurav , Ismail Khondaker M. , Bashiruddin M. A. B. K. , Mohammad Omar Faroque Abu Sayem , Bhattacharyya Debabrata , Hossain M. Sawkat , Bhattacharyya Partha 
Published: February 2023

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the primary cause of death in developed countries and is one of the leading causes of disease burden in developing countries.
Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 124 purposively selected patients who underwent elective CAG in the department of cardiology, Chittagong medical college hospital, Chattogram, from July 2020 to June 2021. SPSS 23.0 software was used for processing and analysis at the end of the data collection period.
Results: According to the Gensini score, patients were categorized into two groups (score <30 and ≥30). There were no significant differences between the two groups concerning BMI, smoking, hypertension, DM, F/H of CAD, statin or beta-blocker use, or the levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH MCHC, and creatinine. However, the mean age was older, and there were more males in the severe CAD group. The percentage of dyslipidemia was significantly higher in patients with Gensini score ≥30 than in patients with <30. RDW (OR: 2.629; 95% CI: 1.425-4.484; p=0.002) and age (OR: 1.058; 95%CI: 1.00-1.111; p=0.027) were independently correlated with the severity of CAD. The AUROC for red cell distribution width (RDW) was 0.915 with a p<0.001 for predicting CAD on CAG. It indicated a statistically significant association of RDW with the presence of CAD. A cut-off value of 13.65% RDW had a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 84.2% for the prediction of CAD. There were no significant differences between patients with and without angiographic CAD for BMI, hypertension, DM, statin, or beta-blocker use, or of the levels of hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, and creatinine. However, the mean age was older, and there were more males in the CAD group. The percentage with dyslipidemia, smoking, and F/H of CAD was significantly higher in patients with CAD than in patients without CAD. The data indicate that only RDW was independently correlated with the presence of CAD (OR: 2.593; 95% CI: 1.347-4.989; p=0.004).
Conclusions: RDW is associated with the presence of CAD and suggests that it might be a readily available test for predicting coronary artery diseases.
The Role of Isostasy in the Evolution and Architecture of Fold and Thrust Belts
Authors: Ibrahim Youseph , Rey Patrice F. 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Warmer conditions prevalent in the hinterland of orogenic systems facilitate local ductile flow underneath the surface load, making Airy-like local isostasy more prevalent in these domains. In contrast, flexural isostasy better describes the regional response to surface loading of more rigid lithospheres. Here, we explore how the interaction between horizontal tectonic mass transfer and vertical isostatic mass transfer, through either elastic flexure or viscous flow, impacts the overall architecture of fold and thrust belts. We compare numerical models of fold and thrust belts under either an Airy-like ductile isostasy boundary condition or a flexural-like regional isostasy boundary condition. Our experiments suggest that when ductile flow is involved in accommodating isostatic adjustment, subsidence is rather local, larger, and results in narrower, less elevated fold-thrust belts with a complex internal architecture consisting of prominent steeply dipping faults. When isostatic subsidence is controlled by lithospheric flexure, the tilting of the basement on 10 s of km scale facilitates the outward propagation of fold-thrust belts. The internal architecture is simpler and involves prominent basement-parallel décollements. The outcome is wider fold and thrust belts with higher topographies. A change in lithospheric elastic thickness does not significantly affect fold-thrust belt structural styles. Our results are compared to natural examples from the Subandean zone.
A controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of Tilanala Kshara in the management of Vatashteela vis-a-vis Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Authors: Rahul Ravi P  , V. Rajendra  
Published: February 2023

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia is the most common urological disease among elderly men, which is characterized by hypertrophic nodular changes of the prostate gland, which is located at the base of the bladder surrounding the proximal urethra. Gland grows at the rate of 2.4cm3/year after the age of 40 owing to the change in hormonal environment. In India, the prevalence rate is around 50% in men above the age of 65 years. The condition can be corelated to Vatashteela in Ayurveda based on the symptomatology. Objective of the study: To evaluate the efficacy of Tila Nala Kshara in the management of Muthraghata vis-a-vis BPH. Materials and Methods: A double arm open labelled clinical study with pre-post-test design was carried out at Government Ayurveda Medical College and Hospital, Mysuru. Data was collected as per the proforma prepared for the purpose of the study. Tila Nala Kshara was administered as intervention in 54 subjects and the control drug was Gokshuradi Guggulu. The data was analysed using SPSS descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Among the objective parameters, change in prostate volume was significant between the groups with a P value 0.024. But for postvoid residual volume, the difference between the groups was not statistically significant. For subjective parameters which includes IPSS total and Quality of life scale, the difference between the groups was statistically nonsignificant. Conclusion: Tilanala Kshara when used along with Gokshuradi Guggulu was observed to improve general condition of the subjects to greater extent, which clearly implies the added effect of the trial drug.
Comparative Study between Yoni Dhavan, Oral Medicine and both therapy in the treatment of Swetapradara
Authors: Animesh Maiti  
Published: February 2023

Swetapradara is a common and major problem in our country of female especially reproductive age. Total patients (60) were divided into three group i.e. Gr-A, Gr- B and Gr- C with clinical features of white vaginal discharge, itching of vulva, burning pain in vagina, low back pain, general weakness.Gr-A was treated with Yoni Dhavan (Vaginal irrigation) by a compound decoction. Gr- B was treated with oral medicine by Pusyanuga Churan.Gr- C was treated with both therapies i.e., Yoni Dhavan & Oral medicine. This comparative clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of Gr-C which were confirmed that the effectiveness was better than other groups in the management of Swetapradara. This study observe a highly significant reduction in mean scores of clinical feature and overall compliance to the treatment was excellent in the Gr-C and p value of < 0.001 was considered highly significant.
Efficacy of Manjisthadi Yoga in Paracetamol induced Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Rat
Authors: Anita  , Ritu Kapoor  , Manoj Adlakha  , Gourishankar Rajpurohit  
Published: February 2023

The liver is one of the most essential organs in the body, as it regulates a variety of physiological functions. It plays a role in metabolism, secretion, storage and among other things. It has a high ability for detoxication and the creation of beneficial principles. A nutritious meal is essential for developing tissue and cells, however nowadays people avoid eating healthy meals in favor of fast food to save time and money. This junk food is jam-packed with pollutants like phthalates that are bad for the body, as well as excessive amounts of sugar, salt and trans-fat. Numerous metabolic illnesses and systemic issues like obesity, diabetes and liver disease are caused by them. This type of meal or cuisine is referred to as Viruddha Aahara in Ayurveda. Viruddh Aahara, when consumed in excess, agitates the Doshas at their locations and remains in the body, blocking channels (Strotoavrodha). This block prevents nutrients from reaching the Dhatus (tissue) and many Dhatujanya Vikara develop as a result. As a result, hepatotoxic chemicals' injury to the liver has serious consequences. Toxic substances, excessive alcohol intake, virus infections, medicines such as paracetamol, antibiotics and autoimmune disorders are the main causes of liver damage. Taking the all the above facts in consideration the selection of the study has been done.
Clinical evaluation of Raktadusti in Hypothyroidism w.s.r. to Vidhishonitiya Adhyaya of Charaka Samhita
Authors: Bijita Majumder  , Sukalyan Ray  
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Rakta is regarded as one of the Pranayatana (sit of vitality) and is required to be maintained properly to sustain the life and the homeostatic state of the body. In Charaka Samhita, Sutrasthana, Acharya Charaka has described the various aspect of Rakta in a separate chapter namely - Vidhishonitiya Adhyaya (chapter no. 24). As result of intake of different factors which are responsible for Raktadusti, different kind of diseases occurred in our body known as Raktaja Roga. Hypothyroidism is a pathological condition caused by hypo-functioning of thyroid gland. Thyroid gland synthesizes and secrets two major hormones, known as 3,5,3’ –triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxin, which can sometimes be referred to as 3,5,3’,5’ – tetraiodothyronine (T4). These hormones are necessary for thermo-genic and metabolic homeostasis in adult. Hormonal output from thyroid gland is mediated by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) secreted by anterior pituitary. In hypothyroidism, there is decreased level of T3 & T4 along with elevated level of TSH in circulating blood. As consequence of Raktadusti, the pathological conditions which are mentioned as Raktaja Roga by Acharya Charaka are combination of independent disease as well as sign and symptoms. Among them many identical features are also found in hypothyroidism. Aim: The present study was carried out to evaluate clinical features of Raktadusti & Raktaja Roga in hypothyroidism along with to evaluate the efficacy of the stipulated Raktadusti Nashak therapeutic procedure to combat hypothyroidism. Materials and Methods: In selected 35 patients of hypothyroidism having the Raktadusti Lakshan based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, selected Raktadusti Nashak Chikitsa (combining Shodhana and Shamana therapy) was administered for 60 days. Result: The subjective parameters for Raktadusti are clinically present in a maximum number of hypothyroidism patients. The result also reveals the significant efficacy of Shodhana (Virechana by Trivrit) and Shamana (Phalatrikadi Kashayam) Chikitsa on relevant subjective and objective parameters with a 'p-value <0.001 in majority of subjective and objective parameters. Conclusion: The features of Raktadusti and Raktaja Roga can be clinically verified in patients of hypothyroidism. Thus it can be said that, Raktadusti has a definite role to play in pathogenesis of hypothyroidism. Rakta should be regarded as one of the main Dushya in hypothyroidism. The patients suffering from hypothyroidism can be treated with the therapeutic procedure responsible to combat Raktadusti.
A survey study on association between Central Obesity and Ratri Jagarana (Night Duty)
Authors: Uday TS  , Shivakumar  , Chaithra HN  , Ashitha NK  , Resmi KK  , Akshay BH  
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Ratri Jagarana is Rookshana, which causes increase in Vata. In this present time of industrialization and globalization our lifestyle has become too hectic, many of the people do their jobs at night viz., drivers, receptionist, hospital workers, security guard, call center employees, factory workers, students and many more. It is highly impossible to completely stop their night work, due to Ratri Jagarana, Dathu Poshana will not happen properly leads to some changes in their body composition. Central obesity is the major health challenge we are facing presently and caused due to unhealthy life style which includes unhealthy sleep habits. Central obesity is mainly assessed by waist circumference and waist height ratio. So, the present study is done to study the association between central obesity and night duty workers. Materials and methods: 400 volunteers those who are having night duty shifts for at least 10 days in a month, from a period of not less than one year with working time of at least eight hours, eight pm to eight am were selected. Study group- 200 volunteers doing night duties fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Control group- 200 volunteers who are not doing night duties. By questionnaire method based, on duration of Ratri Jagarana (night shift), food habit, duration of day sleep, physical activity was assessed. Waist circumference was measured for all the volunteers. The collected data will be recorded and analyzed. Results: There was statistically significant association between central obesity and Ratri Jagarana among night duty workers.
A clinical study to evaluate the efficacy of Keechakadi Taila in Darunaka
Authors: N. K. Chandini  , Ravindra Angadi  , Ashok Kumar BN  , R R Geethesh  , Sandesh Kumar Shetty  
Published: February 2023

Darunaka (dandruff) is a disorder mentioned under the spectrum of Shirokapalagata Roga/Kshudra Roga by various Acharyas. It is a Kapha-Vata predominant disorder of Shiro-Kapala (scalp), characterized by Kandu (itching), Kesha-Chyuti (hair fall), Keshabhumi-Rukshata (dryness of scalp) and Keshabhumi-Sphutana (scaling). Shiroabyanga (oil massage to scalp) with Keechakadi Taila is mentioned as a treatment modality for Darunaka by Vangasena. It contains Keechaka (Bambusa arundinaceace), Sarshapa Taila (mustard oil), Gomutra (cow’s urine) as ingredients. In general all Tailas (oils) alleviates Vata-Dosha and does not aggravate Kapha-Dosha. It is Twak Prasadaka (nourishing), thus helping in treating the disease by Samprapthi Vighatana (breaking the pathogenesis). Though there are plenty of treatment options available for dandruff, there is no promising treatment in any of the allied sciences assuring its complete cure, avoiding recurrence. Thus with the aim to know the efficacy of Keechakadi Taila in treating Darunaka and also to know how effectively it can prevent/ reduce interval between recurrences of Darunaka the present study was carried out. The study showed statistically significant result in the management of Darunaka.
A clinical study to evaluate the effect of Dashamoola Hareetaki Avaleha in Tundikeri w.s.r to Chronic Tonsillitis
Authors: Prabhu Aiswarya , Sharashchandra R  , Nagaratna SJ  , Sandesh Kumar Shetty  
Published: February 2023

Recurrent tonsillitis is commonly seen in children and this has many adverse effects on the normal growth and development of the child, missing of school days, economic burden of treatment etc. are few to name. About 30 million children develop tonsillitis with frequent exposure to bacterial and viral infections. The chronic tonsillitis wherein the tonsil gland gets inflamed and enlarged repeatedly, after treatment the size remains same though the inflammation subsides. This leads to obstruction in the throat both to airways as well as digestive tract. According to Ayurvedic classics, various internal medicines and procedures are advocated in the management of Mukharogas. In general, the drugs selected for treatment should have Lekhana, Shothahara, Pachana, Ropana, Rakthashambana and Vedanasthapana properties. One such polyherbal preparation is Dashamoolaharitaki Avaleha mentioned in Svayathu Chikitsa by Acharya Vagbhata, which is widely used in clinics for management of Tundikeri. In the present scenario scientific validation about the success of these treatments is required. Therefore an open label clinical study was designed to prove the effect of Dashamoolaharitaki Avaleha in Tundikeri. Materials and Methods: An open trial single group clinical study with minimum of 30 patients between the age group of 5 to 15 years with Tundikeri over a period of 30 days. Result: The clinical study showed highly significant results in relieving the clinical signs and symptoms of Tundikeri. Discussion: The Dashamoolaharitaki Avaleha was found therapeutically effective and safe to be administered in children and the mode of action was elaborated to substantiate the results.
A comprehensive study on Regional Anatomy of Adho Shaakhaagata Maamsa Marma by Cadaver Dissection and their Applied Anatomy
Authors: Rajath H Savanur  , Nithin Kumar  , Rashmi NR  
Published: February 2023

Marma is the meeting point where Mamsa, Sira, Snayu, Asthi and Sandhi along with Prana resides which on injury produce death or death like miseries. Maamsa Marma is one such category based on predominant Marma Vasthu. They are eleven in number. Among them four are present in Adho Shakhaa i.e., two Talahrudaya and two Indrabasthi. Talahrudaya Marma is located in the middle of Paada in the line of middle finger, which on injury causes Ruja and Marana. Indrbasthi Marma is located in the middle of Janghain the side of Paarshni and it causes death due to Shonitha Kshaya. Both of them are Kaalantarapraanahara Marmas. Methods: Literature regarding Marma and its Viddhalakshana were collected from various sources and its Viddha Lakshanas are analysed scientifically. Anatomical structures found in the region of Adhoshakhaagata Maamsa Marmas were confirmed with the help of cadaveric dissection in five bodies. Results: Muscles of 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th, layer of the sole, Medial & lateral plantar nerves, deep plantar arch, shielded by thick layer of skin, superficial facia and plantar aponeurosis are the important structures present in the Talahrudaya Marma Sthaana. Superficial & deep calf muscles, posterior tibial vessels, peroneal vessels, tibial nerve and short saphenous nerve are the important structures present in the Indrabasthi Marma Pradesha. The Viddha Lakshanas are analyzed with applied aspects of these regions. Conclusion: Centre of the sole along the line of middle finger can be considered as the region of Talahrudaya Marma which on injury results in Ruja & Marana. Indrabasthi Marma is located in the middle of the Jangha (calf) in the side of Paarshni (heel) about 12 Angula above heel, which on injury results in Shonitha Kshaya & Marana.
A controlled clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of Shalaparnyadi Kwatha in the management of Vataja Grahani
Authors: Harshitha M  , V Rajendra  
Published: February 2023

Background: Current mechanized life, irregular dietary patterns, irregularity in daily practices, junk food indulgence, stressful life, over usage of pesticides and chemicals leads to various gastro intestinal disorders. These factors hamper the digestive capacity of individuals and develop the disease Grahani. Shalaparnyadi Kwatha mentioned in treatment of Vataja Grahani in Sharangadhara Samhita is taken up for study in the management of Vataja Grahani. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Shalapanryadi Kwatha in Vataja Grahani. Method: The study was a double arm open labelled controlled clinical trial with pre and post-test study design. There were total of 41 subjects involved in the study and were divided into two groups - Group A (trial group) with 21 subjects and Group B (controlled group) with 20 subjects. Group A was administered with Shalaparnyadhi Kwatha and Panchamooladya Choorna and Group B was administered with Panchamooladya Choorna for 30 consecutive days. Result: A controlled clinical study was conducted on subjects of Vataja Grahani with Shalaparnyadi Kwatha and Panchamooladya Choorna in trial group and Panchamooladya Choorna in control group both the interventions were effective in management of Vataja Grahani. Based on the mean value and statistically significant difference between the groups, trial group showed better result than control group in Amayukta Mala Pravrutti and Udara Shoola. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the results that added effect of Shalaparnyadi Kwatha with Panchamooladya Choorna is more effective than Panchamooladya Choorna alone.
A comparative clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of Darvyadi Kashaya and Vidangadi Kashaya in Prameha vis-a-vis Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Tejaswini D Bhat  , Sanjay Kumar MD  
Published: February 2023

Background: Prameha is a Mutratipravrutta Vyadhi which is characterized by Prabhuta Mutra and Avila Mutra. Prameha is considered as a Daruna Vyadhi as it involves Tridosha, affects Basti which is a Mahamarma, is Anushangi with many Upadrava. Kapha, Meda and Shareera Kleda play an important role in its manifestation. This disease has closer resemblance with Type II Diabetes mellitus. In Ayurveda classical texts, various formulations in the form of Kashaya, Ghritha, Asava and Arishta have been explained in the context of treatment of Prameha. Darvyadi Kashaya and Vidangadi Kashaya mentioned as Sarvaprameha Hara Yoga in Charaka Samhita and Yogaratnakara respectively are taken up for study in the management of Prameha vis-a-vis Type II Diabetes mellitus. Objective: To compare the efficacy of Darvyadi Kashaya and Vidangadi Kashaya in Prameha vis-`a-vis Type II Diabetes mellitus. Method: It was a comparative clinical study involving two groups, Group A and Group B, each consisting of 25 patients. For Group A, Darvyadi Kashaya was administered and for Group B, Vidangadi Kashaya was administered for 90 consecutive days. Result: After completion of treatment, it was observed that glycemic control was considerable in both the groups. Darvyadi Kashaya showed slightly better results in Karapada Daha and Prabhuta Mutra at night. In fresh cases, significant glycemic control was observed compared to treated cases in both the groups. Conclusion: It can be concluded from the results that both Darvyadi Kashaya and Vidangadi Kashaya are equally effective in management of Prameha vis-a-vis Type II Diabetes mellitus.