bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Public perceptions of genomic studies and hereditary diseases in Aari community, South Omo Zone, Ethiopia
Authors: Tilahun Melaku , Gebresilase Tewodros Tariku , Aseffa Abraham , Haile Kassa , Wogayehu Teklu , Murale Moi Top , Yntiso Hailu , Munung Nchangwi Syntia , Bobosha Kidist , Kaba Mirgissa 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Genetic and genomic research is revolutionizing precision medicine; however, addressing ethical and cultural aspects is crucial to ensure ethical conduct and respect for community values and beliefs. This study explored the beliefs, perceptions and concerns of the Aari community in South Ethiopia regarding genetic concepts, hereditary diseases and ethical research practices related to sample collection, storage and sharing.

Methods
In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with community elders, health officials, tuberculosis patients and apparently healthy individuals. Data were thematically analysed using MAXQDA software.

Results
Participants identified diseases such as podoconiosis, leprosy, goitre and epilepsy as hereditary and perceived some as ‘curses’ due to generational impact and social stigma. Disease susceptibility was attributed to divine intervention or factors such as malnutrition and sanitation. Although hereditary diseases were considered unavoidable, in some cases environmental factors were acknowledged. Participants shared personal examples to demonstrate inheritance concepts. Blood held cultural significance, and concerns about its potential misuse resulted in scepticism towards giving samples.

Conclusions
This study emphasizes the significance of comprehending local beliefs and perceptions and stresses the need to establish effective communication, build trust and address underlying causes of hesitancy to improve recruitment and ensure ethical conduct.
Characteristics of Menstrual Suppression and Its Association With Mental Health in Transgender Adolescents
Authors: Moussaoui Dehlia , O'Connell Michele A. , Elder Charlotte V. , Grover Sonia R. , Pang Ken C. 
Published: August 2023

OBJECTIVE:
To investigate the prevalence, nature, and effectiveness of menstrual suppression in transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) adolescents, and to explore whether there is an association between menstrual suppression and mental health in this population.

METHODS:
A cross-sectional study was performed of TGD adolescents assigned female at birth attending their first appointment at a specialist pediatric gender service between February 2017 and December 2021. Demographic and mental health data were collected using a questionnaire at the time of first visit, and information regarding menstrual suppression at this time was retrieved from the medical record.

RESULTS:
A total of 530 TGD individuals were included; 131 (24.7%) were on menstrual suppression at their initial visit, mainly to help alleviate gender dysphoria. Combined oral contraceptive pills were the most common agent used (n=61, 46.6%), followed by norethindrone (n=39, 29.8%) and intramuscular medroxyprogesterone (n=19, 14.5%). Rates of effectiveness (in stopping menstruation) and patient satisfaction were high. Among the 399 individuals not on menstrual suppression, there was strong interest in starting this treatment. No differences in the risk of gender dysphoria, depression, or anxiety were observed between those who were receiving menstrual suppression and those who were not.

CONCLUSION:
Effectiveness of and satisfaction with menstrual suppression were high in TGD adolescents receiving this treatment. These findings support the routine exploration and management of menstrual health in TGD adolescents. However, menstrual suppression was not associated with any difference in gender dysphoria, depression, or anxiety symptoms in this cross-sectional study, and longitudinal studies are required to better investigate this.
Social Media and Digital Footprints in Orthopaedic Trauma: An Analysis of 1465 Orthopaedic Trauma Association Members.
Authors: Richman Evan H. , Richman Owen T. , Lee Michael S. , Qubain LeeAnn , Heylmun Lauren , Awad Mohamed E , Alfonso Nicholas 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

Objectives:
The purpose of this study was to quantify social media usage among Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) members.

Methods:
All active OTA members were searched for involvement among common social media platforms. Surgeons were then classified as “active” on any given social media site if they posted within the last 6 months. Surgeons were also identified by the region they practiced in, gender, and their practice setting (academic vs private). Lastly, a surgeon’s score and number of reviews from common physician review websites was examined.

Results:
A total of 1,465 Orthopaedic Trauma Association (OTA) members were included in the analysis. Most surgeons were male [89.1% (n=1305)] and practiced in a private setting [54.5% (n = 799)]. A total of 590 (40.3%) surgeons had at least 1 form of social media account. Social media sites most used were LinkedIn with 48.7% (n = 713) and ResearchGate with 29.2% (n = 428). Academic surgeons were more likely to have a ResearchGate, LinkedIn, and Twitter account, while private surgeons were more likely to have a personal website (P<0.05). Lastly, there was no correlation between surgeons more active on social media and average scores on Vitals.com or Healthgrade.com (P>0.05).

Conclusion:
Most orthopaedic trauma surgeons do not have professional social media accounts. While social media may help spread scholarship, having a professional social media account does not correlate with better online physician reviews or increased online reviews among orthopaedic trauma surgeons.
Incidence of Spontaneous Resorption of Lumbar Disc Herniation
Authors: Zou Tao , Liu Xue-Yang , Wang Ping-Chuan , Chen Hao , Wu Pi-Gen , Feng Xin-Min , Sun Hui-Hui 
Published: August 2023

Study Design:
A meta-analysis.

Objective:
This study aimed to analyze the incidence of spontaneous resorption of lumbar disk herniation (LDH) after conservative treatment.

Summary of Background Data:
The resorption of intervertebral disks has been more frequently reported, but there is a lack of reference to the probability of resorption.

Methods:
We strictly refer to the standard established in the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis) statement, comprehensively searched electronic databases using the terms related to the spontaneous resorption of LDH. Two reviewers independently evaluated the potential studies, extracted, and analyzed the enrolled data.

Results:
Thirty-one studies with 2233 patients who received conservative treatment were included for this analysis. We found that the pooled overall incidence of disk resorption was 70.39%, 87.77% for disk sequestration, 66.91% for disk extrusion, 37.53% for disk protrusion, and 13.33% for disk bugle, respectively. The resorption incidence in of 25%≤ reduction of disk herniation (RDH) 50%, RDH≥50%, and RDH=100% were 40.19%, 43.62, and 36.89%. The resorption incidence was 66.98% in Japan, 61.66% in the United States, 83.52% in Korea, 60.68% in China, 78.30% in the UK, 56.70% in Italy, and 83.68% in Turkey, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that there was no significant difference in resorption incidence among prospective, retrospective studies and randomized controlled trials (P=0.77), and there was no significant difference in evaluation method among qualitative and quantitative studies (P=0.05).

Conclusions:
The existing evidence shows that the overall resorption incidence of LDH was 70.39%, the resorption incidence of ruptured LDH is higher than that of contained LDH. There are significant differences in the resorption incidence among countries. The resorption process mainly occurred within 6 months of conservative treatment.
Varying Degree of Overlap Following the Critical Steps of Lumbar Fusion and Short-term Outcomes
Authors: Borja Austin J. , Farooqi Ali S. , Gallagher Ryan S. , Detchou Donald K.E. , Glauser Gregory , Shultz Kaitlyn , McClintock Scott D. , Malhotra Neil R. 
Published: August 2023

Study Design:
Retrospective cohort.

Objective:
The present study analyzes the impact of end-overlap on short-term outcomes after single-level, posterior lumbar fusions.

Summary of Background Data:
Few studies have evaluated how “end-overlap” (i.e., surgical overlap after the critical elements of spinal procedures, such as during wound closure) influences surgical outcomes.

Methods:
Retrospective analysis was performed on 3563 consecutive adult patients undergoing single-level, posterior-only lumbar fusion over a 6-year period at a multi-hospital university health system. Exclusion criteria included revision surgery, missing key health information, significantly elevated body mass index (>70), non-elective operations, non-general anesthesia, and unclean wounds. Outcomes included 30-day emergency department visit, readmission, reoperation, morbidity, and mortality. Univariate analysis was carried out on the sample population, then limited to patients with end-overlap. Subsequently, patients with the least end-overlap were exact-matched to patients with the most. Matching was performed based on key demographic variables—including sex and comorbid status—and attending surgeon, and then outcomes were compared between exact-matched cohorts.

Results:
Among the entire sample population, no significant associations were found between the degree of end-overlap and short-term adverse events. Limited to cases with any end-overlap, increasing overlap was associated with increased 30-day emergency department visits (P=0.049) but no other adverse outcomes. After controlling for confounding variables in the demographic-matched and demographic/surgeon-matched analyses, no differences in outcomes were observed between exact-matched cohorts.

Conclusions:
The degree of overlap after the critical steps of single-level lumbar fusion did not predict adverse short-term outcomes. This suggests that end-overlap is a safe practice within this surgical population.
Association Between Age-stratified Cohorts and Perioperative Complications and 30-day and 90-day Readmission in Patients Undergoing Single-level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion
Authors: Yeshoua Brandon J. , Singh Sirjanhar , Liu Helen , Assad Nima , Dominy Calista L. , Pasik Sara D. , Tang Justin E. , Patel Akshar , Shah Kush C. , Ranson William , Kim Jun S. , Cho Samuel K. 
Published: August 2023

Study Design:
Retrospective analysis.

Objective:
To assess perioperative complication rates and readmission rates after ACDF in a patient population of advanced age.

Summary of Background Data:
Readmission rates after ACDF are important markers of surgical quality and, with recent shifts in reimbursement schedules, they are rapidly gaining weight in the determination of surgeon and hospital reimbursement.

Methods:
Patients 18 years of age and older who underwent elective single-level ACDF were identified in the National Readmissions Database (NRD) and stratified into 4 cohorts: 18–39 (“young”), 40–64 (“middle”), 65–74 (“senior”), and 75+ (“elderly”) years of age. For each cohort, the perioperative complications, frequency of those complications, and number of patients with at least 1 readmission within 30 and 90 days of discharge were analyzed. χ2 tests were used to calculate likelihood of complications and readmissions.

Results:
There were 1174 “elderly” patients in 2016, 1072 in 2017, and 1010 in 2018 who underwent ACDF. Their rate of any complication was 8.95%, 11.00%, and 13.47%, respectively (P<0.0001), with dysphagia and acute posthemorrhagic anemia being the most common across all 3 years. They experienced complications at a greater frequency than their younger counterparts (15.80%, P<0.0001; 16.98%, P<0.0001; 21.68%, P<0.0001). They also required 30-day and 90-day readmission more frequently (P<0.0001).

Conclusion:
It has been well-established that advanced patient age brings greater risk of perioperative complications in ACDF surgery. What remains unsettled is the characterization of this age-complication relationship within specific age cohorts and how these complications inform patient hospital course. Our study provides an updated analysis of age-specific complications and readmission rates in ACDF patients. Orthopedic surgeons may account for the rise in complication and readmission rates in this population with the corresponding reduction in length and stay and consider this relationship before discharging elderly ACDF patients.
Prognostics of Systemic Malignancy ICD-O Topography and Morphology Types on Brain Metastases
Authors: Alexopoulos Georgios , Zhang Justin , Karampelas Ioannis , Patel Mayur , Mercier Philippe 
Published: August 2023

Background:
The primary site and histology of systemic malignancy are known predictors of progression to brain metastases (BM). We investigated the combinational interactions of International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O) primary topography and morphology types on the survival of BM after adjusting for relevant clinical and demographic prognostic factors.

Methods:
The cohort included all adult patients with BM at diagnosis of an invasive malignancy in the National Cancer Database (2010 to 2018). The sample consisted of 180,150 entries out of 14,279,749 cancer patients screened. A survival analysis of the topography-specific and histology-specific time to death was performed. Multivariate Cox regression revealed violations of the proportional hazard assumption for multiple covariates. Parametric models using a log-logistic distribution best described the population survival pattern.

Results:
The primary topography “prostate” and morphology “choriocarcinoma” provided the strongest survival benefit among ICD-O types, whereas BM from prostate demonstrated a 14-month median overall increase in survival probability. Favorable prognostics were BM from breast, bone/joints, and testis; also, the morphologies of carcinoid tumor, mature B-cell lymphoma, and papillary adenocarcinoma. Poor prognostics were BM from gastrointestinal (liver, biliary tree, pancreas, and gallbladder) and gynecologic malignancies. All morphologies of spindle cell carcinoma, hemangiosarcoma, undifferentiated carcinoma, Ewing sarcoma, pseudosarcomatous carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma/sarcomatoid, signet ring cell carcinoma, spindle cell sarcoma, and squamous cell carcinoma/spindle cell were associated with poor survival.

Conclusions:
This is the largest cohort providing an unbiased estimate of the adjusted ICD-O topography and morphology effect sizes. The results can be summarized as a booklet for prognostic classification of disease in patients with BM secondary to systemic malignancy.
The effect of bedtime versus morning dosing of antihypertensive drugs on the cardiovascular outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Authors: Abuelazm Mohamed , Saleh Othman , Albarakat Majd M. , Katamesh Basant , Abdalshafy Hassan , Mahmoud Abdelrahman , Abdelazeem Basel 
Published: August 2023

Background and objective:
Antihypertensive drugs are one of the most effective strategies to prevent disability and mortality; however, there have been contradictory findings about the best dosing time for antihypertensive drugs. Therefore, we aim to evaluate the effect of bedtime versus morning dosing of antihypertensive drugs on cardiovascular outcomes.

Methods:
We synthesized randomized controlled studies (RCTs) from the Web of Science, SCOPUS, EMBASE, PubMed, and CENTRAL until 13 October 2022. The risk ratio (RR) for dichotomous outcomes with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) was used. The study protocol was registered in PROSPERO with ID: CRD42022368612.

Results:
Five RCTs with 59 200 participants were included. Bedtime dosing was significantly associated with less incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) [RR: 0.80 with 95% CI (0.70–0.91), P = 0.0007] compared with morning dosing; however, there was no statistically significant difference between bedtime and morning dosing, regarding all-cause mortality [RR: 0.77 with 95% CI (0.51–1.16), P = 0.21], cardiovascular mortality [RR: 0.65 with 95% CI (0.35–1.21), P = 0.17], major adverse cardiac events (MACE) [RR: 0.79 with 95% CI (0.56–1.10), P = 0.16], heart failure [RR: 0.68 with 95% CI (0.42–1.09), P = 0.11], cerebrovascular accidents [RR: 0.80 with 95% CI (0.53–1.22), P = 0.30], coronary revascularization [RR: 0.79 with 95% CI (0.50–1.24), P = 0.30}, and angina [RR: 0.91 with 95% CI (0.55–1.50), P = 0.70].

Conclusion:
Evidence about the comparative efficacy of bedtime versus morning dosing of antihypertensives is still uncertain. However, bedtime dosing significantly reduced MI, which warrants more robust RCTs to validate.
Blood pressure control and antihypertensive medication use after discharge and prognosis of ischemic stroke
Authors: Shi Mengyao , Liu Yang , Wang Shuyao , Wang Ruirui , Yang Pinni , Peng Yanbo , Peng Hao , Wang Aili , Xu Tan , Chen Jing , Zhang Yonghong , He Jiang 
Published: August 2023

Objective:
To investigate the effect of consistently blood pressure (BP) control status after discharge on adverse clinical outcomes among ischemic stroke (IS) patients.

Methods:
Three thousand, four hundred and six acute IS patients were included and followed up at 3 months, 12 months, and 24 months after stroke. Study outcomes were defined as death, vascular events and composite of death or vascular events. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confident interval (CI) of death and the composite outcome of death or vascular events associated with BP control and antihypertensive medication use.

Results:
The multivariable adjusted HRs were 0.22 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.09–0.57] for death and 0.60 (95% CI: 0.39–0.97) for the composite outcome of death or vascular events among participants with consistently controlled BP compared with those with consistently uncontrolled BP. The participants with both consistently controlled BP and regular use of antihypertensive medication had the lowest risks of death [hazard ratio (HR): 0.18, 95% CI: 0.04–0.75] and composite outcome of death or vascular events (HR: 0.54, 95% CI: 0.29–0.98) in comparison with those with both uncontrolled BP and irregular use of antihypertensive medication.

Discussion:
Continuous BP control and regular use of antihypertensive medications after discharge can decrease the risks of death and composite outcome of death or vascular events among IS patients, suggesting the importance of continuous BP control and regular use of antihypertensive medications after discharge for improving prognosis of IS.
Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Barriers to HIV Testing Scale-Karolinska Version for Brazilian Men Who Have Sex With Men
Authors: Sousa Laelson Rochelle Milanês , de Mesquita Rafael Fernandes , Wiklander Maria , Eriksson Lars E. , Gir Elucir , Reis Renata Karina 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
The aim of this study was to perform the cultural adaptation and validation of the Barriers to HIV testing scale-Karolinska version for Brazilian men who have sex with men. A methodological study was conducted for cultural adaptation and validation of the scale. Reliability analyses, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and convergent and discriminant validity tests were performed. Four factors were extracted: F1, personal consequences; F2, structural barriers; F3, confidentiality; F4, economic consequences and individual concerns. Good fit indexes were obtained: (χ2)/GL (2.71); goodness of fit index (0.94); root-mean-square error of approximation (0.052; 90% CI [0.045–0.059]); Tucker–Lewis index (0.94); normed fit index (0.93); IFI (0.95); comparative fit index (0.95). Convergent validity results were greater than 0.7 for the four factors. The adapted version of the scale showed satisfactory reliability and validity for assessing barriers to HIV testing among men who have sex with men.
Understanding advanced practice registered nurse perspectives on providing care to people with a history of breast cancer
Authors: Anbari Allison B. , Sandheinrich Taryn , Hulett Jennifer , Salerno Elizabeth 
Published: August 2023

ABSTRACT

Background:
People with a history of breast cancer (PHBC) face a lifelong risk of treatment-related sequelae affecting their quality of life. Stakeholders advocate for improving breast cancer survivorship outcomes by increasing clinicians' knowledge of cancer survivorship issues. In Missouri, advanced practice registered nurses (APRNs) in nononcology settings provide routine survivorship care to PHBC; however, little is known about how they approach survivorship care planning for PHBC.

Purpose:
Examine perspectives of Missouri APRNs practicing in nononcology settings about providing survivorship care to PHBC.

Methods:
A combination of grounded theory and thematic analysis techniques was used for focus groups and semistructured interviews. The interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using grounded theory coding methods.

Results:
Nineteen nononcology Missouri-based APRNs (18 NPs, 1 CNS/DNP) shared their perspectives about managing care for PHBC. We identified four major themes. Our participants (1) attuned their baseline assessment techniques to a history of breast cancer; (2) were prepared to order additional evaluations; (3) were willing to proactively figure out next best steps for PHBC beyond theneed for breast cancer recurrence surveillance; and (4) suggest that streamlining cancer survivorship care resources would benefit both clinicians and PHBC.

Conclusions:
Our findings shed light on how APRNs approach care planning for PHBC and the needs of nononcology APRNs for managing PHBC.

Implications for Practice:
Advanced practice registered nurses are well-positioned to improve cancer survivorship care. Increasing knowledge of cancer survivorship care guidelines could improve long-term health outcomes of PHBC. Access to cancer survivorship resources or experts via telehealth/technology for both APRNs and patients could improve survivorship care and overall health of PHBC.
Acute complication posttransplant: primary allograft dysfunction
Authors: Brahmbhatt Darshan H. , Blitzer David , Billia Filio , Copeland Hannah 
Published: August 2023

Purpose of review
Heart transplant is the gold standard treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure, improving both quality of life and survival. Despite advances in donor and recipient management, primary graft dysfunction (PGD) remains the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in the early posttransplant period. This review summarizes recent discoveries in the underlying pathophysiology, risk prediction and management of PGD.

Recent findings
The incidence of PGD appears to be rising and it is not clear whether this is due to better recognition or secular changes in transplant practice. The utilization of donation after circulatory death organs for transplant is a further consideration for the development of PGD. Organ transport systems and preservation techniques may help to prevent PGD. As some of the risk factors for developing PGD remain modifiable, we summarize the current evidence for prevention and management of PGD.

Summary
A better understanding will allow us to appropriately manage donors and recipients to reduce the complex interactions that lead to PGD. The development of an international consortium provides the opportunity for deep phenotyping and development of contemporary risk prediction models for PGD, which may reduce the incidence and consequent early mortality associated with heart transplantation.