bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of static magnetic field therapy on diabetic neuropathy and quality of life: a double-blind, randomized trial
Authors: Nazeri Armin , Mohammadpour Ali , Modaghegh Mohammad-Hadi Saeed , Kianmehr Mojtaba 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus (DM) that can cause annoying symptoms. To address this condition, several treatment approaches have been proposed, including static magnetic field (SMF) therapy, which has shown promise in treating neurological conditions. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of SMF therapy on symptomatic DPN and the quality of life (QoL) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Methods
A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted from April to October 2021. Sixty-four DPN patients (20 males, 44 females) were recruited for the study via invitation. The participants were divided into two groups: the magnet group, which used magnetic ankle bracelets (155 mT) for 12 weeks, and the sham group, which used non-magnetic ankle bracelets for the same duration. Neuropathy Symptom Score (NSS), Neuropathic Disability Score (NDS), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were used to assess neuropathy symptoms and pain. In addition, the Neuropathy Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (Neuro-QoL) tool was used to measure the patients’ quality of life.

Results
Before treatment, there were no significant differences between the magnet and sham groups in terms of the NSS scores (P = 0.50), NDS scores (P = 0.74), VAS scores (P = 0.17), and Neuro-QoL scores (P = 0.82). However, after 12 weeks of treatment, the SMF exposure group showed a significant reduction in NSS scores (P < 0.001), NDS scores (P < 0.001), VAS scores (P < 0.001), and Neuro-QoL scores (P < 0.001) compared to the baseline. The changes in the sham group, on the other hand, were not significant.

Conclusion
According to obtained data, SMF therapy is recommended as an easy-to-use and drug-free method for reducing DPN symptoms and improving QoL in diabetic type-2 patients.
Trial registration Registered at Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20210315050706N1, 2021/03/16.
Treatment patterns of antidiabetic and kidney protective therapies among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease in Colombia. The KDICO descriptive study
Authors: Machado-Duque Manuel E , Gaviria-Mendoza Andres , Valladales-Restrepo Luis F , Franco Juan Sebastian , de Rosario Forero Maria , Vizcaya David , Machado-Alba Jorge E 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is one of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide and prevalence of 1.75 per 100 inhabitants in Colombia. The aim of this study was to describe the treatment patterns of a group of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and CKD in an outpatient setting from Colombia.

Methods
A cross-sectional study in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and CKD identified in the Audifarma S.A. administrative healthcare database between April 2019 and March 2020 was performed. Sociodemographic, clinical and pharmacological variables were considered and analyzed.

Results
A total of 14,722 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and CKD were identified, predominantly male (51%), with a mean age of 74.7 years. The most common treatment patterns of type 2 diabetes mellitus included the use of metformin monotherapy (20.5%), followed by the combination of metformin + dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor (13.4%). Regarding the use of drugs with nephroprotective properties, the most prescribed treatments were angiotensin receptor blockers (67.2%), angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (15.8%), sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) (17.0%) and glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs (GLP1a) (5.2%).

Conclusion
In Colombia, the majority of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and CKD identified in this study were treated with antidiabetic and protective medications to ensure adequate metabolic, cardiovascular, and renal control. The management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and CKD may be improved if the beneficial properties of new groups of antidiabetics (SGLT2i, GLP1a), as well as novel mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, are considered.
Chronic uterine inversion presenting with severe anemia 7 years after a home delivery and the subsequent successful pregnancy: a case report
Authors: Tolcha Fekata Defere , Dale Tufa Bube , Anbessie Tilahun Tufa 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Uterine inversion is a clinical condition characterized by the folding of the uterine fundus into the uterine cavity or beyond the cervix. Chronic uterine inversions that manifest seven years after delivery are extremely rare, despite the fact that both acute and chronic uterine inversions are infrequent. Unlike uterine inversion during parturition, which can be promptly managed, chronic uterine inversion poses a diagnostic and management challenge. We, herein, report a patient who was managed and followed at our institution for chronic uterine inversion.

Case presentation
A 28-year-old African female who was referred to our institution with complaints of secondary infertility for seven years, abnormal vaginal bleeding, and lower abdominal pain for 12 months with a mass-like sensation in the vagina. At presentation, she had pale conjunctiva and a protruded, rubbery mass in the cervix with indistinguishable cervical OS on vaginal examination. The patient was resuscitated with intravenous fluids and three units of blood, after which Haultain’s procedure was performed. After 16 months on a contraceptive, she was able to conceive and deliver a healthy neonate.

Conclusion
Severe anemia can rarely be a presenting symptom of chronic uterine inversion. Following a surgical procedure for chronic uterus inversion, a successful delivery is possible if thorough follow-up is carried out.
Regenerative potential of multinucleated cells: bone marrow adiponectin-positive multinucleated cells take the lead
Authors: Moein Shiva , Ahmadbeigi Naser , Adibi Rezvan , Kamali Sara , Moradzadeh Kobra , Nematollahi Pardis , Nardi Nance Beyer , Gheisari Yousof 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Polyploid cells can be found in a wide evolutionary spectrum of organisms. These cells are assumed to be involved in tissue regeneration and resistance to stressors. Although the appearance of large multinucleated cells (LMCs) in long-term culture of bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal cells has been reported, the presence and characteristics of such cells in native BM and their putative role in BM reconstitution following injury have not been fully investigated.

Methods
BM-derived LMCs were explored by time-lapse microscopy from the first hours post-isolation to assess their colony formation and plasticity. In addition, sub-lethally irradiated mice were killed every other day for four weeks to investigate the histopathological processes during BM regeneration. Moreover, LMCs from GFP transgenic mice were transplanted to BM-ablated recipients to evaluate their contribution to tissue reconstruction.

Results
BM-isolated LMCs produced mononucleated cells with characteristics of mesenchymal stromal cells. Time-series inspections of BM sections following irradiation revealed that LMCs are highly resistant to injury and originate mononucleated cells which reconstitute the tissue. The regeneration process was synchronized with a transient augmentation of adipocytes suggesting their contribution to tissue repair. Additionally, LMCs were found to be adiponectin positive linking the observations on multinucleation and adipogenesis to BM regeneration. Notably, transplantation of LMCs to myeloablated recipients could reconstitute both the hematopoietic system and BM stroma.

Conclusions
A population of resistant multinucleated cells reside in the BM that serves as the common origin of stromal and hematopoietic lineages with a key role in tissue regeneration. Furthermore, this study underscores the contribution of adipocytes in BM reconstruction.

Graphical Abstract
Hepatitis B vaccination status among health workers in Nigeria: a nationwide survey between January to June 2021
Authors: Issa Amudalat , Ayoola Yekeen Ayodele , Abdulkadir Mohammed Baba , Ibrahim Rasheed Olayinka , Oseni Tijani Idris Ahmad , Abdullahi Musa , Ibraheem Rasheedat Mobolaji , Lawal Aishat Funmi , Dele-ojo Bolade Folasade , Owolabi Bilkis Iyabo , Echieh Chidiebere Peter 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Hepatitis B vaccination is the most important preventive measure against Hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection. Vaccination against HBV infection among healthcare workers is important because of their daily exposure to patients’ body fluids and the possible risk of transmission to other patients. Hence, this study assessed the risk of hepatitis B infection, vaccination status and associated factors among healthcare workers in six geopolitical zones of Nigeria.

Methods
A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted between January and June 2021 using electronic data capture techniques to enroll 857 healthcare workers (HCWs) in regular contact with patients and their samples through a multi-stage sampling method.

Results
The participants’ mean (SD) age was 38.7 (8.0) years, and 453 (52.9%) were female. Each of the six geopolitical zones in Nigeria had a fair representation, with a range of 15.3 to 17.7% of the study population. The majority (83.8%) of healthcare workers in Nigeria knew that they were at an increased risk of being infected by their work. Also, 72.2% knew that if infected, there was a high risk of liver cancer in later life. Many participants (642 [74.9%]) responded that they consistently applied standard precautions, such as hand washing, gloves, and face masks while attending to patients. Three hundred and sixty (42.0%) participants were fully vaccinated. Of the 857 respondents, 248 (28.9%) did not receive any dose of the hepatitis B vaccine. Factors that were associated with not being vaccinated included age less than 25 [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 4.796, 95% CI 1.119 to 20.547, p = 0.035], being a nurse (AOR 2.346, 95% CI 1.446 to 3.808, p = 0.010), being a health attendant (AOR 9.225, 95% CI 4.532 to 18.778, p = 0.010), and being a healthcare worker from the Southeast (AOR 2.152, 95% CI 1.186 to 3.904, p = 0.012) in Nigeria.

Conclusion
This study showed a high level of awareness of the risks associated with hepatitis B infection and suboptimal uptake of the hepatitis B vaccine among healthcare workers in Nigeria.
Different COVID-19 treatments’ impact on hospital length of stay
Authors: Iwamoto Satori , Muhar Bahaar Kaur , Chen Hao , Chu Harrison , Johnstone Mason , Sidhu Ashwin , Chu Hillary , Fischer Joseph , Chu Gary 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Importance
COVID-19 has adversely affected global healthcare infrastructure since 2019. Currently, there are no large-scale published reports on the efficacy of combination therapy of dexamethasone, remdesivir, and tocilizumab on COVID-19 patients.

Objectives
Is the combination therapy of dexamethasone, remdesivir, and tocilizumab superior to other treatments on hospitalized COVID-19 patients?

Design
This is a retrospective, comparative effectiveness study.

Setting
Single-center study

Participants/interventions
We analyzed different inpatient COVID-19 treatment options available in the United States and their impact on hospital length of stay (LOS) and mortality. Hospitalized COVID-19 were categorized as “mild,” “moderate” and “severe'' based on the highest level of oxygen required; room air, nasal cannula, or high flow/PAP/intubation, respectively. Patients were treated in accordance with the availability of medications and the latest treatment guidelines.

Main outcomes
The endpoints of the study are hospital discharges and death during hospitalization.

Results
1233 COVID-19 patients were admitted from 2020 to 2021. No treatment combinations showed a statistically significant decrease in hospital LOS in mild COVID-19 patients (p = 0.186). In moderate patients, the combination of remdesivir and dexamethasone slightly decreased LOS by 1 day (p = 0.007). In severe patients, the three-drug combination of remdesivir, dexamethasone, and tocilizumab decreased LOS by 8 days (p = 0.0034) when compared to nonviable treatments, such as hydroxychloroquine and convalescent plasma transfusion. However, it did not show any statistically significant benefit when compared to two-drug regimens (dexamethasone plus remdesivir) in severe COVID-19 (p = 0.116). No treatment arm appeared to show a statistically significant decrease in mortality for severe COVID-19 patients.

Conclusions
Our findings suggest that three-drug combination may decrease LOS in severe COVID-19 patients when compared to two-drug therapy. However, the trend was not supported by statistical analysis. Remdesivir may not be clinically beneficial for mild hospitalized COVID-19 patients; considering its cost, one could reserve it for moderate and severe patients. Triple drug therapies, while potentially reducing LOS for severe patients, do not affect overall mortality. Additional patient data may increase statistical power and solidify these findings.
Selection for environmental variance shifted the gut microbiome composition driving animal resilience
Authors: Casto-Rebollo Cristina , Argente María José , García María Luz , Pena Ramona Natacha , Blasco Agustín , Ibáñez-Escriche Noelia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Understanding how the host’s microbiome shapes phenotypes and participates in the host response to selection is fundamental for evolutionists and animal and plant breeders. Currently, selection for resilience is considered a critical step in improving the sustainability of livestock systems. Environmental variance (VE), the within-individual variance of a trait, has been successfully used as a proxy for animal resilience. Selection for reduced VE could effectively shift gut microbiome composition; reshape the inflammatory response, triglyceride, and cholesterol levels; and drive animal resilience. This study aimed to determine the gut microbiome composition underlying the VE of litter size (LS), for which we performed a metagenomic analysis in two rabbit populations divergently selected for low (n = 36) and high (n = 34) VE of LS. Partial least square-discriminant analysis and alpha- and beta-diversity were computed to determine the differences in gut microbiome composition among the rabbit populations.

Results
We identified 116 KEGG IDs, 164 COG IDs, and 32 species with differences in abundance between the two rabbit populations studied. These variables achieved a classification performance of the VE rabbit populations of over than 80%. Compared to the high VE population, the low VE (resilient) population was characterized by an underrepresentation of Megasphaera sp., Acetatifactor muris, Bacteroidetes rodentium, Ruminococcus bromii, Bacteroidetes togonis, and Eggerthella sp. and greater abundances of Alistipes shahii, Alistipes putredinis, Odoribacter splanchnicus, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, and Sutterella, among others. Differences in abundance were also found in pathways related to biofilm formation, quorum sensing, glutamate, and amino acid aromatic metabolism. All these results suggest differences in gut immunity modulation, closely related to resilience.

Conclusions
This is the first study to show that selection for VE of LS can shift the gut microbiome composition. The results revealed differences in microbiome composition related to gut immunity modulation, which could contribute to the differences in resilience among rabbit populations. The selection-driven shifts in gut microbiome composition should make a substantial contribution to the remarkable genetic response observed in the VE rabbit populations.
A scoping review of the research literature on eating and body image for transgender and nonbinary adults
Authors: Heiden-Rootes Katie , Linsenmeyer Whitney , Levine Samantha , Oliveras Mark , Joseph Miriam 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Background
Eating disorder treatment approaches and outcome studies have historically centered almost exclusively on cisgender populations. Transgender and nonbinary (TGNB) adults are underrepresented in general and intervention research despite being at increased risk for eating and body image-related problems.

Aims
This scoping review was designed to gather and examine the research with TGNB adults who experience eating and body image related problems, as well as clinical studies on the effectiveness of treatment approaches.

Method
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) was used for reporting this review. MEDLINE and PsychInfo were used as electronic databases for searching subject terms. Inclusion criteria for studies required the quantitative measurement or qualitative exploration of body image or eating for TGNB adults. The relevant data were extracted and summarized based on quantitative findings and qualitative themes.

Results
After review of over 1258 articles, 59 studies met criteria and data were extracted and summarized. Factors associated with eating disorders and body image problems across studies suggests gender-affirming medical interventions are effective and emphasized treatment for an eating disorder is warranted alongside gender affirming medical care. Body image was associated with eating patterns aimed at meeting gendered ideals of body shape and size. There was variation in guiding theories and absence of consensus in the definition of transgender in the review studies. This likely demonstrates the changing language, social acceptance of TGNB people and identities, diagnostic criteria, and clinical conceptualizations of eating and body image.

Conclusions
Future research should consider the use of theory for guiding inclusion of salient social factors influencing eating patterns, body image, and treatment outcomes. In addition, future research is needed that centers on nonbinary and genderqueer populations, as well as those from minoritized racial and ethnic groups to inform culturally appropriate concerns, needs, and treatment modalities.
Advanced mandibular reconstruction with fibular free flap and alloplastic TMJ prosthesis with digital planning
Authors: Pyne Justin M. , Davis Clayton M. , Kelm Ryan , Bussolaro Claudine , Dobrovolsky Walter , Seikaly Hadi 
Published: July 2023

Introduction Resection of the mandible and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) without formal reconstruction is a devastating condition that negatively affects all aspects of the patient's life. We have approached the reconstruction of mandibular defects that include the condyle with simultaneous reconstruction with a vascularized free fibular flap (FFF) using Surgical Design and Simulation (SDS) and alloplastic TMJ prosthesis. The objective of this study is to report the functional and quality of life (QOL) outcomes in a cohort of patients that had undergone our reconstructive protocol. Methods This was a prospective case series of adult patients that underwent mandibular reconstruction with FFF and alloplastic TMJ prosthesis at the our center. Pre-operative and post-operative maximum inter-incisal opening (MIO) measurements were collected, and patients completed a QOL questionnaire (EORTC QLQ—H&N35) during those perioperative visits. Results Six patients were included in the study. The median patient age was 53 years. Heat map analysis of the QOL questionnaire revealed that patients reported a positive clinically significant change in the domains of pain, teeth, mouth opening, dry mouth, sticky saliva, and senses (relative change of 2.0, 3.3, 3.3, 2.0, 2.0, and 1.0 respectively). There were no negative clinically significant changes. There was a median perioperative MIO increase of 15.0 mm, and this was statistically significant ( p  =  0.027). Conclusions This study highlights the complexities involved in mandibular reconstruction with involvement of the TMJ. Based on our findings, patients can obtain an acceptable QOL and good function following simultaneous reconstruction with FFF employing SDS and an alloplastic TMJ prosthesis. Graphical Abstract
Recent progress in research on Momordica charantia polysaccharides: extraction, purification, structural characteristics and bioactivities
Authors: Zhan Kai , Ji Xiaolong , Luo Lei 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMomordica charantia (M. charantia), as a common edible vegetable and herb, is mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. M. charantia polysaccharides (MCPs), as the main pharmacologically active component in M. charantia, are water-soluble polysaccharides with an average molecular weight of 4–900 kDa. The extraction methods of MCPs mainly include hot water extraction, acid extraction, alkali extraction, ultrasonic extraction, enzyme extraction and three-phase partitioning extraction, and different extraction methods will affect the yield of MCPs. MCPs possess a variety of bioactivities, including antidiabetic, antiaging, antioxidant, antiviral, immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects. The purpose of this review is to systematically summarize the latest research progress of MCPs in extraction, purification, structural characterization, and biological activity. In addition, the structure–activity relationship will be further discussed. We believe that this review will provide a useful reference for the investigation, production, and application of MCPs in functional foods and therapeutic agents.
Graphical Abstract
Mass spectrometry-based metabolomics study for delay tomato fruit ripening by sound waves
Authors: Jeong Mi-Jeong , Ko Byoung Joon , Kim Joo Yeol 
Published: July 2023

AbstractTomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is one of the most consumed vegetables worldwide. The ripening of tomato is performed for its freshness and represented by color and gene expression. In our previous study, we performed molecular analyses on tomato ripening with and without sound-wave treatment. In the present study, we performed metabolomics analysis of ripening tomatoes with and without sound-wave treatment to expand our knowledge of tomato ripening. To achieve this goal, tomatoes at 7, 10, and 14 d of ripening were selected and analyzed via liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and gas chromatography–MS (GC–MS). A total of 33 major metabolites, including 14 LC–MS- and 19 GC–MS-derived metabolites, were assigned based on variable importance projection and p values and subjected to statistical analysis. Apparent morphology and partial least squares–discriminant analysis were consistent with the general ripening process based on color. Moreover, metabolomics analysis showed similar experimental results to those of previous studies. The quantification of metabolites with LC–MS showed decreasing levels of adenosine, tryptophan, and phytosphingosine upon sound-wave treatment. In GC–MS analysis, 4-Aminobutanoic acid and aspartic acid were decreased upon sound-wave treatment. On the other way, the quantity of malic acid, citric acid, and sucrose was increased with the treatment. The findings of this study can assist in the application of sound-wave treatment for delaying ripening in tomatoes and improving their market value.