bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Seismic performance of a new precast concrete frame joint with a built-in disc spring
Authors: Chen Qi , Qin Yongjun , Xie Yi , Yang Chen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractA new, precast concrete frame beam-column connection is designed in this research. The connection adopts the assembly mode of the precast column and seam area jointly to maintain the integrity of the joint area and increase the assembly efficiency. Based on the conventional grouting sleeve connection, a disc spring device is constructed on the beam end to improve the ductility of the joint. Ten connecting specimens were tested under low cyclic loads, including two monolithic connections, four ordinary precast connections, and four new precast connections. The test parameters included the joint type and axial pressure ratio, and the difference in the seismic performance was determined by evaluating the failure mode, hysteresis characteristics, stiffness degradation, energy dissipation, and shear deformation of the joint area. Compared to monolithic connections, conventional precast connections display similar hysteresis characteristics. Although their ductility is slightly lower, their bearing capacity is higher. Compared with the previous two connections, the new connection with the built-in disc spring device has superior seismic performance. The axial pressure ratio is a significant aspect in determining the failure mode of the precast connection, and the specimen exhibits less shear damage at a larger axial pressure ratio.
Squid Game Optimizer (SGO): a novel metaheuristic algorithm
Authors: Azizi Mahdi , Baghalzadeh Shishehgarkhaneh Milad , Basiri Mahla , Moehler Robert C. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this paper, Squid Game Optimizer (SGO) is proposed as a novel metaheuristic algorithm inspired by the primary rules of a traditional Korean game. Squid game is a multiplayer game with two primary objectives: attackers aim to complete their goal while teams try to eliminate each other, and it is usually played on large, open fields with no set guidelines for size and dimensions. The playfield for this game is often shaped like a squid and, according to historical context, appears to be around half the size of a standard basketball court. The mathematical model of this algorithm is developed based on a population of solution candidates with a random initialization process in the first stage. The solution candidates are divided into two groups of offensive and defensive players while the offensive player goes among the defensive players to start a fight which is modeled through a random movement toward the defensive players. By considering the winning states of the players of both sides which is calculated based on the objective function, the position updating process is conducted and the new position vectors are produced. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed SGO algorithm, 25 unconstrained mathematical test functions with 100 dimensions are used, alongside six other commonly used metaheuristics for comparison. 100 independent optimization runs are conducted for both SGO and the other algorithms with a pre-determined stopping condition to ensure statistical significance of the results. Statistical metrics such as mean, standard deviation, and mean of required objective function evaluations are calculated. To provide a more comprehensive analysis, four prominent statistical tests including the Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Mann–Whitney, and Kruskal–Wallis tests are used. Meanwhile, the ability of the suggested SGOA is assessed through the cutting-edge real-world problems on the newest CEC like CEC 2020, while the SGO demonstrate outstanding performance in dealing with these complex optimization problems. The overall assessment of the SGO indicates that the proposed algorithm can provide competitive and remarkable outcomes in both benchmark and real-world problems.
Prevalence and types of anemia among people with tuberculosis in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Abaynew Yeshewas , Ali Ahmed , Taye Girma , Shenkut Melese 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGlobally, tuberculosis (TB) and anemia are public health problems related with high morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, anemia is frequently manifested among people with TB in Africa, prevalence ranging from 25 to 99%. The presence of anemia is associated with an increase in individuals’ susceptibility to TB and poor treatment outcomes. Studies have reported heterogeneous estimate of prevalence of anemia among people with TB in Africa. This review aimed to estimate the prevalence of anemia among newly diagnosed people with TB n Africa. We searched studies in Medline/PubMed, Cochrane library, ScienceDirect, JBI database, the Web of Science, Google Scholar, WorldCat, Open Grey, Scopus, Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, ProQuest, and African Journals Online that reported the prevalence of anemia at TB diagnosis. Two reviewers performed data extraction with pre-defined inclusion criteria. A random-effects logistic regression model was used to pool the prevalence of anemia and levels of anemia with a 95% confidence interval (CI) in STATA version 14. Heterogeneity and publication biases were explored. A total of 1408 studies were initially identified, and seventeen studies with 4555 people with TB were included in the analysis. The prevalence of anemia among people with TB in Africa was 69% (95% CI 60.57–77.51). The pooled prevalence of anemia of chronic disease was 48% (95% CI 13.31–82.75) and normocytic normochromic anemia was 32% (95% CI 13.74–50.94) while mild anemia was 34% (95% CI 20.44–46.86). Females were more anemic than males at TB diagnosis in Africa (74% vs. 66%). The finding indicates that anemia is a common co-morbidity present among people with TB, especially among females. Mild anemia and normocytic normochromic anemia were more common at TB diagnosis. The finding indicates that anemia is a common co-morbidity present among people with TB in Africa region. Hence, it is recommended to instigate a routine anemia screening at TB diagnosis to improve treatment outcomes.
Morphologies and composition changes in nonculprit subclinical atherosclerosis in diabetic versus nondiabetic patients with acute coronary syndrome who underwent long-term statin therapy
Authors: Meng Pei-na , Nong Jia-cong , Xu Yi , You Wei , Xu Tian , Wu Xiang-qi , Wu Zhi-ming , Tao Bi-lin , Guo Ya-jie , Yin De-lu , Jia Hai-bo , Yang Song , Ye Fei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlthough patients are undergoing similar lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) with statins, the outcomes of coronary plaque in diabetic mellitus (DM) and non-DM patients are different. Clinical data of 239 patients in this observational study with acute coronary syndrome was from our previous randomized trial were analyzed at 3 years, and 114 of them underwent OCT detection at baseline and the 1-year follow-up were re-anlayzed by a novel artificial intelligence imaging software for nonculprit subclinical atherosclerosis (nCSA). Normalized total atheroma volume changes (ΔTAVn) of nCSA were the primary endpoint. Plaque progression (PP) was defined as any increase in ΔTAVn. DM patients showed more PP in nCSA (ΔTAVn; 7.41 (− 2.82, 11.85) mm3 vs. − 1.12 (− 10.67, 9.15) mm3, p = 0.009) with similar reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) from baseline to 1-year. The main reason is that the lipid component in nCSA increases in DM patients and non-significantly decreases in non-DM patients, which leads to a significantly higher lipid TAVn (24.26 (15.05, 40.12) mm3 vs. 16.03 (6.98, 26.54) mm3, p = 0.004) in the DM group than in the non-DM group at the 1-year follow-up. DM was an independent predictor of PP in multivariate logistic regression analysis (OR = 2.731, 95% CI 1.160–6.428, p = 0.021). Major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) related to nCSA at 3 years were higher in the DM group than in the non-DM group (9.5% vs. 1.7%, p = 0.027). Despite a comparable reduction in LDL-C levels after LLT, more PP with an increase in the lipid component of nCSA and a higher incidence of MACEs at the 3-year follow-up was observed in DM patients.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov. identifier: NCT02140801.
Effects of sugammadex versus neostigmine on postoperative nausea and vomiting after general anesthesia in adult patients:a single-center retrospective study
Authors: Ju Jae-Woo , Hwang In Eob , Cho Hye-Yeon , Yang Seong Mi , Kim Won Ho , Lee Ho-Jin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe aimed to compare the effect of sugammadex to that of neostigmine with respect to the occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) during the first 24 h following general anesthesia. This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery under general anesthesia in 2020 at an academic medical center in Seoul, South Korea. The exposure groups were determined according to whether the patient received sugammadex or neostigmine as a reversal agent. The primary outcome was PONV occurrence during the first 24 h postoperatively (overall). The association between the type of reversal agent and primary outcome was investigated using logistic regression while adjusting for confounding variables using stabilized inverse probability of treatment weighting (sIPTW). Of the 10,912 patients included in this study, 5,918 (54.2%) received sugammadex. Sugammadex was associated with a significantly lower incidence of overall PONV (15.8% vs. 17.7%; odds ratio, 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.79–0.97; P = 0.010) after sIPTW. In conclusion, compared with neostigmine/glycopyrrolate, sugammadex use has a lower risk of PONV during the first 24 h following general anesthesia.
Mechanism of a rabbit monoclonal antibody broadly neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 variants
Authors: Guo Hangtian , Yang Yixuan , Zhao Tiantian , Lu Yuchi , Gao Yan , Li Tinghan , Xiao Hang , Chu Xiaoyu , Zheng Le , Li Wanting , Cheng Hao , Huang Haibin , Liu Yang , Lou Yang , Nguyen Henry C. , Wu Chao , Chen Yuxin , Yang Haitao , Ji Xiaoyun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDue to the continuous evolution of SARS-CoV-2, the Omicron variant has emerged and exhibits severe immune evasion. The high number of mutations at key antigenic sites on the spike protein has made a large number of existing antibodies and vaccines ineffective against this variant. Therefore, it is urgent to develop efficient broad-spectrum neutralizing therapeutic drugs. Here we characterize a rabbit monoclonal antibody (RmAb) 1H1 with broad-spectrum neutralizing potency against Omicron sublineages including BA.1, BA.1.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, BA.2.75, BA.3 and BA.4/5. Cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure determination of the BA.1 spike-1H1 Fab complexes shows that 1H1 targets a highly conserved region of RBD and avoids most of the circulating Omicron mutations, explaining its broad-spectrum neutralization potency. Our findings indicate 1H1 as a promising RmAb model for designing broad-spectrum neutralizing antibodies and shed light on the development of therapeutic agents as well as effective vaccines against newly emerging variants in the future.
Quasi‐fixed frequency controlled phase modulation LCC resonant converter with a wide power range
Authors: Feng Ying , Kong Dejun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe research on LCC resonant converters has become increasingly popular since the application of the zero‐voltage switching can improve the transmission ability and ensure the high efficiency of the power supplies. In this article, a novel quasi‐definite frequency‐based modulation control method to extend the excellent properties of LCC resonators to a wide range of powers is introduced. By adjusting the frequency and phase in a bidirectional manner in accordance with the design law, excellent output performance can be maintained over a wide power range, which is overcome by adjusting the switching frequency and phase separately in conventional modulation methods. In order to justify the effectiveness of the proposed modulation control method, a simulation and experimental platform of LCC resonators using the proposed modulation method was performed. Simulation and experimental results can effectively demonstrate the performance of the proposed modulation control method for a variety of input voltage and output power cases, and the efficiency of the LCC converters will be improved in higher power systems.
Improving fault ride‐through capability for doubly‐fed induction generator based on improved system structure and corresponding control scheme
Authors: Xian Long , Wu Lizhen , Zhang Xiaoying , Pei TingTing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAlthough there are many methods to improve the fault ride‐through (FRT) capability of doubly‐fed induction generator (DFIG) systems at present, each method has its shortcomings, especially the applicability under different voltage dips (VDs), so an improved system structure with a dynamic switching topology and a corresponding control scheme is proposed. Based on the mechanism analysis that the series impedance of the stator can effectively reduce the overcurrent on the rotor side, and considering the feasibility of the FRT scheme in engineering, the dynamic switching topology is designed. The selection of theoretical parameters in different cases is also analysed and designed. Simultaneously, to cooperate with the hardware measures, the control scheme of the rotor side converter (RSC) under different conditions is also improved. The RSC can use the control scheme of active flux attenuation to effectively and quickly reduce the overcurrent on the rotor side, and use reactive power support to accelerate the voltage recovery. The novelty of the FRT scheme is that the scheme can dynamically adjust the topology structure and control scheme under different voltage dips. Thus, its ride‐through performance during fault is better under different conditions. A simulation model of the improved system structure and control scheme is built on the MATLAB/Simulink platform. Through the comparison of simulation data, the validity and correctness of the proposed FRT scheme are verified.
Meet‐in‐the‐middle attacks on round‐reduced CRAFT based on automatic search
Authors: Ma Zhangjun , Li Manman , Chen Shaozhen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCRAFT is a lightweight block cipher designed by Beierle et al. to effectively resist differential fault attacks at fast software encryption 2019. In this article, Demirci‐Selçuk meet‐in‐the‐middle (DS‐MITM) attacks on round‐reduced CRAFT based on automatic search are proposed. A DS‐MITM automatic search model for CRAFT was constructed, and then, the automatic search model was used to detect a 9‐round DS‐MITM distinguisher. The strong relations between the round‐subtweakeys were observed and the key‐dependent sieve technique was adopted to reduce the memory complexity of the attack. Based on the 9‐round distinguisher, a 19‐round DS‐MITM attack can be presented. Due to the strong key relations, the time complexity can be reduced by the key‐bridging technique and the equivalent round‐subtweakey. The time complexity of the 19‐round DS‐MITM attack is 2114.68 19‐round CRAFT encryption, the data complexity is 256 chosen plaintexts, and the memory complexity is 2109 64‐bit blocks. Adding one round to the end of the 19‐round DS‐MITM attack, a 20‐round DS‐MITM attack can be proposed. The time complexity of the 20‐round attack is 2126.94 20‐round CRAFT encryption, the data complexity is 256 chosen plaintexts, and the memory complexity is 2109 64‐bit blocks.
The formation history of our Galaxy’s nuclear stellar disc constrained from HST observations of the Quintuplet field
Authors: Schödel R. , Nogueras-Lara F. , Hosek M. , Do T. , Lu J. , Martínez Arranz A. , Ghez A. , Rich R. M. , Gardini A. , Gallego-Cano E. , Cano González M. , Gallego-Calvente A. T. 
Published: April 2023

Context. Until recently it was thought that the nuclear stellar disc at the centre of our Galaxy was formed via quasi-continuous star formation over billions of years. However, an analysis of GALACTICNUCLEUS survey data indicates that > 80% of the mass of the stellar disc formed at least 8 Gyr ago and about 5% roughly 1 Gyr ago.
Aims. Our aim is to derive new constraints on the formation history of the nuclear stellar disc.
Methods. We analysed a catalogue of HST/WFC3-IR observations of the Quintuplet cluster field. From this catalogue, we selected about 24 000 field stars that probably belong to the nuclear stellar disc. We used red clump giants to deredden the sample and fit the resulting F153M luminosity function with a linear combination of theoretical luminosity functions created from different stellar evolutionary models.
Results. We find that ≳70% of the stellar population in the nuclear disc probably formed more than 10 Gyr ago, while ∼15% formed in an event (or series of events) ∼1 Gyr ago. Up to 10% of the stars appear to have formed in the past tens to hundreds of Myr. These results do not change significantly for reasonable variations in the assumed mean metallicity, sample selection, reddening correction, or stellar evolutionary models.
Conclusions. We confirm previous work that changed the formation paradigm for stars in the Galactic Centre. The nuclear stellar disc is indeed a very old structure. There seems to have been little star formation activity between its formation and about 1 Gyr ago.
C Allele of the PPARδ+294T>C Polymorphism
Confers a Higher Risk of Hypercholesterolemia, but not Obesity and Insulin
Resistance: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Li Shujin , Zhang Youjin , Xu Wenhao , Lv Zhimin , Xu Luying , Zhao Zixuan , Zhu Dan , Song Yongyan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe relationships of the PPARα Leu162Val and
PPARδ+294 T>C polymorphisms with metabolic
indexes have been reported to be inconsistent and even contradictory. The
meta-analysis was conducted to clarify the relationships between the two
variants and the indexes of obesity, insulin resistance, and blood lipids.
PubMed, Google Scholar, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched for eligible
studies. Standardized mean difference with 95% confidence interval was
calculated to estimate the differences in the metabolic indexes between the
genotypes of the Leu162Val and+294 T>C polymorphisms.
Heterogeneity among studies was assessed by Cochran’s x2-based
Q-statistic test. Publication bias was identified by using Begg’s test.
Forty-one studies (44 585 subjects) and 33 studies (23 018 subjects) were
identified in the analyses for the Leu162Val and+294 T>C
polymorphisms, respectively. C allele carriers of
the+294 T>C polymorphism had significantly higher levels
of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol than TT homozygotes
in the whole population. Notably, C allele carriers of
the+294 T>C polymorphism had significantly higher levels
of triglycerides and total cholesterol in East Asians, but lower levels of
triglycerides in West Asians than TT homozygotes. Regarding the Leu162Val
polymorphism, it was found that Val allele carriers had significantly higher
levels of blood glucose than Leu/Leu homozygotes only in European
Caucasians. The meta-analysis demonstrates that C allele of
the+294 T>C polymorphism in PPARδ gene confers a
higher risk of hypercholesterolemia, which may partly explain the relationship
between this variant and coronary artery disease.
“Heart of the Matter”: Cardiac Dysfunction in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
Authors: Gowda Sharada H. , Patel Neil 
Published: April 2023

Despite advances in caring for neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH), mortality and morbidity continues to be high. Additionally, the pathophysiology of cardiac dysfunction in this condition is poorly understood. Postnatal cardiac dysfunction in neonates with CDH may be multifactorial with origins in fetal life. Mechanical obstruction, competition from herniated abdominal organs into thoracic cavity combined with redirection of ductus venosus flow away from patent foramen ovale leading to smaller left-sided structures may be a contributing factor. This shunting decreases left atrial and left ventricular blood volume, which may result in altered micro- and macrovascular aberrations affecting cardiac development in the prenatal period. Direct mass effect from herniated intra-abdominal contents restricting cardiac growth and/or reduced left ventricular preload may contribute independently to left ventricular dysfunction in the absence of right ventricular dysfunction and or pulmonary hypertension. With variable clinical phenotypes of cardiac dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, and respiratory failure in patients with CDH, there is increased need for individualized diagnosis and tailored therapy. Routine use of therapy such as inhaled nitric oxide and sildenafil that induces significant pulmonary vasodilation may be detrimental in left ventricle dysfunction, whereas in a patient with pure right ventricle dysfunction, they may be beneficial. Targeted functional echocardiography serves as a real-time tool for defining the pathophysiology and aids optimization of vasoactive therapy in affected neonates.
Key Points
Kazimierz S. Kozlowski, 1928–
Authors: Beighton Peter , Vanhoenacker Filip M. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis history page in the series “Leaders in MSK Radiology” is dedicated to the achievements of the Polish radiologist Kazimierz Kozlowski, whose name is associated with the Kozlowski type of spondylometaphyseal dysplasia.
Imaging of Bone Anatomical Variants Around the Foot and Ankle
Authors: Daffinà Julia , Ricci Ilaria , Arrigoni Francesco , Bruno Federico , Palumbo Pierpaolo , Splendiani Alessandra , Di Cesare Ernesto , Masciocchi Carlo , Barile Antonio 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDifferent anatomical variants can be found in the ankle and foot, generally as occasional findings, although they can be the cause of diagnostic pitfalls and difficulties, especially in radiographic interpretation in trauma. These variants include accessory bones, supernumerary sesamoid bones, and accessory muscles. In most cases, they represent developmental anomalies found in incidental radiographic findings. This review discusses the main bony anatomical variants, including accessory and sesamoid ossicles, most commonly found in the foot and ankle that can be a cause of diagnostic challenges.
Evidence-Based Medicine for Lower Facial Rejuvenation
Authors: Cristel Robert T. , Branham Gregory H. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLower facial rejuvenation is an expanding area in facial plastic surgery with both surgical and nonsurgical treatment options. Evidence-based medicine is essential to providing high-quality care and creating long-lasting results. A systematic approach and understanding of the layers of the aging lower face is important to develop an individualized treatment plan. This review will focus on surgical and nonsurgical treatments for the aging lower face with an emphasis on evidence-based medicine.