bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Patterns of pre‐Islamic settlement in the Qumayrah microregion, northern Oman: First results of an archaeological and geological survey
Authors: Bieliński Piotr , Pieńkowska Agnieszka , Białowarczuk Marcin , Kiersnowski Hubert , Bukowski Krzysztof , Lenarczyk Szymon 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Qumayrah microregion lies in the mountains of northern Oman, roughly halfway between two large oasis settlements—Bat and Hili. It is situated at the crossing of routes leading from the Arabian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman into the interior. Results of a previous archaeological excavation and survey confirmed the presence of sites from prehistoric times to the Islamic period in the area. In light of both the continuity of settlement and the location of the microregion, its survey became an essential undertaking. The project has a multidisciplinary character, combining traditional archaeological survey methods with geological prospection. The aim of the pedestrian survey is to identify settlement points, which could link the Qumayrah microregion with Hili Oasis, while the geological prospection is tasked with collecting information on the raw material resources in the region that could have influenced settlement activity in the area.
Age‐dependent nuclear lipid droplet deposition is a cellular hallmark of aging in Caenorhabditis elegans
Authors: Palikaras Konstantinos , Mari Meropi , Ploumi Christina , Princz Andrea , Filippidis George , Tavernarakis Nektarios 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAging is the major risk factor for several life‐threatening pathologies and impairs the function of multiple cellular compartments and organelles. Age‐dependent deterioration of nuclear morphology is a common feature in evolutionarily divergent organisms. Lipid droplets have been shown to localize in most nuclear compartments, where they impinge on genome architecture and integrity. However, the significance of progressive nuclear lipid accumulation and its impact on organismal homeostasis remain obscure. Here, we implement non‐linear imaging modalities to monitor and quantify age‐dependent nuclear lipid deposition in Caenorhabditis elegans. We find that lipid droplets increasingly accumulate in the nuclear envelope, during aging. Longevity‐promoting interventions, such as low insulin signaling and caloric restriction, abolish the rate of nuclear lipid accrual and decrease the size of lipid droplets. Suppression of lipotoxic lipid accumulation in hypodermal and intestinal nuclei is dependent on the transcription factor HLH‐30/TFEB and the triglyceride lipase ATGL‐1. HLH‐30 regulates the expression of ATGL‐1 to reduce nuclear lipid droplet abundance in response to lifespan‐extending conditions. Notably, ATGL‐1 localizes to the nuclear envelope and moderates lipid content in long‐lived mutant nematodes during aging. Our findings indicate that the reduced ATGL‐1 activity leads to excessive nuclear lipid accumulation, perturbing nuclear homeostasis and undermining organismal physiology, during aging.
The abundance and geographic distributions of two species of ticks in South Australia: Bundey Bore revisited
Authors: Teo Ernest J. M. , Bull C. Michael , Burzacott Dale , Zalucki Myron P. , Furlong Michael J. , Barker Dayana , Barker Stephen C. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractPerhaps one of the central questions in ecology has been what limits the geographic distribution of species. The geographic distributions of the reptile‐ticks Amblyomma limbatum, Bothriocroton hydrosauri and Amblyomma albolimbatum are a classic example of this problem: where these ticks meet, narrow regions‐of‐overlap often occur. Despite studies of interactions among these ticks, and of these ticks and their environment, we still do not understand what limits their geographic distributions. Many hypotheses have been proposed and tested, but all have seemingly been rejected. Our aim was to account for the abundance and the geographic distributions of A. limbatum and B. hydrosauri at Bundey Bore Station, South Australia, where these species come in contact and have been studied for over 35 years, leading to over 55 000 records of reptiles and their ticks using a capture‐mark‐recapture approach. We constructed models which had combinations of temperature and moisture indices from different months of the year to determine the relationship between climate and tick abundance, and between climate and the shifting local geographic distribution of A. limbatum and B. hydrosauri at Bundey Bore Station. We found that climate together with the abundance of ticks in the previous year and the abundance of the lizard host, accounted for 54%–77% of the variation in the abundance of A. limbatum and B. hydrosauri among years. We also found that the climate in late autumn to winter, together with the abundance of ticks and their host, accounted for 18%–84% of the variation in the geographic distributions of these ticks among years. Climate was central to the abundance and the geographic distributions of A. limbatum and B. hydrosauri at Bundey Bore Station. We speculate that the same mechanisms account for the geographic distributions of A. limbatum, B. hydrosauri and A. albolimbatum elsewhere in Australia; so, climate may explain the three‐tick problem in Austral ecology.
Tadpole fingerprinting: Using tail venation patterns to photo‐identify tadpole individuals of a threatened frog
Authors: Gould John , Taylor James , Davies Bryce , Donelly Rachael , Schmahl Kate , Bugir Cassandra K. , Beranek Chad T. , McGregor Jess , Mahony Stephen V. , Seeto Rebecca , Upton Rose , McHenry Colin , Callen Alex 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTraditional methods for identifying individual amphibians in capture–mark–recapture (CMR) studies have been primarily confined to post‐metamorphic stages, using artificial markers that come with a variety of limitations. An alternative that may open CMR studies to earlier life stages involves the use of a species' natural external markers in photo‐based identification. In this study, we investigated whether it was possible to distinguish tadpoles of the threatened green and golden bell frog (Litoria aurea) at the individual level based on tail venation patterns. We collected photographs of the tails of captive‐raised tadpoles using a smartphone over a 4‐week period. This photo‐library was used to create an electronic survey where participants were asked to detect matches for query tadpoles from small image pools. We found that most participants agreed on a match for each query, with perfect consensus achieved for most queries (83%). We detected a 14% decline in perfect consensus when participants were asked to match images of tadpoles separated by longer time intervals, suggesting that it is more difficult to visually identify recapture events of L. aurea tadpoles over extended periods due to changes to tail appearance. However, consensus was obtained by participants for all queries, with all matches verified as being correct by the primary researcher. The strength of agreement among participants with no prior experience in matching tadpole tails suggests that there is sufficient inter‐individual variation in this feature for individuals to be manually identified. We thus propose that photo‐identification is likely to be a valid, non‐invasive technique that can be used for short‐term studies on tadpole populations that display tail venation. This offers an alternative to artificial markers that may not allow for individual identification, while also opening up tadpole monitoring programmes to citizen scientists who can be recruited online to process image data from home.
Spatial distribution and effects of Lantana camara invasion on soil properties and native vegetation community composition in Tugwi‐Mukosi Recreational Park, Masvingo, Zimbabwe
Authors: Mandiporeva Josiah , Gamundani Taashwa Pioneer , Gurajena Brian , Mpakairi Kudzai , Magqina Terrance 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis study investigated spatial distribution and effects of Lantana camara invasion on soil properties and vegetation composition in Tugwi‐Mukosi Recreational Park. Supervised classification with the Random Forest classifier was used to map L. camara in the park. The study area was stratified into two categories based on soil type and the extent of L. camara invasion. Stratified random sampling was used in data collection to assess differences in species diversity and soil properties in the park. Results revealed that L. camara covered an area of 1772 ha. Using Random Forest classification, the study obtained an accuracy score of 92.1% and an F1 score of 86.25%. Two‐way ANOVA showed significant effect of L. camara invasion on soil moisture (F = 28.143, p = 0.000), organic matter (F = 13.377, p = 0.003), pH (F = 1272.369, p = 0.000), total nitrogen (F = 51.762, p = 0.000), total phosphorus (F = 5.000, p = 0.045), woody species density (F = 4.987, p = 0.027), basal area (F = 10.393, p = 0.001), grass species richness (F = 196.258, p = 0.000) and grass cover (F = 3.637, p = 0.042). These results suggest that L. camara was modifying the soil and vegetation properties of the ecosystem which has implications on biodiversity.
Opportunities, challenges and tensions: Open science through a lens of qualitative social psychology
Authors: Pownall Madeleine , Talbot Catherine V. , Kilby Laura , Branney Peter 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a focus in social psychology on efforts to improve the robustness, rigour, transparency and openness of psychological research. This has led to a plethora of new tools, practices and initiatives that each aim to combat questionable research practices and improve the credibility of social psychological scholarship. However, the majority of these efforts derive from quantitative, deductive, hypothesis‐testing methodologies, and there has been a notable lack of in‐depth exploration about what the tools, practices and values may mean for research that uses qualitative methodologies. Here, we introduce a Special Section of BJSP: Open Science, Qualitative Methods and Social Psychology: Possibilities and Tensions. The authors critically discuss a range of issues, including authorship, data sharing and broader research practices. Taken together, these papers urge the discipline to carefully consider the ontological, epistemological and methodological underpinnings of efforts to improve psychological science, and advocate for a critical appreciation of how mainstream open science discourse may (or may not) be compatible with the goals of qualitative research.
Language and learning: the cognitive revolution at 60‐odd
Authors: Bolhuis Johan J. , Crain Stephen , Roberts Ian 
Published: January 2023

ABSTRACTAround the middle of the last century, the prevailing psychological paradigm of behaviourism was challenged by what is now known as the cognitive revolution. Behaviourists viewed learning as changes in patterns of behaviour through reinforcement. By contrast, advocates of the cognitive approach argued that such behavioural changes were outward manifestations of computational operations on mental representations. Here we consider the current state of the cognitive revolution, focusing on the two most contentious issues in the debate: language and learning. The cognitive approach has proved to be extremely fruitful in both fields. Although contemporary learning theory has almost completely embraced the cognitive approach, the study of language has witnessed a clear empiricist trend to revert back to a kind of neo‐behaviourism. Many contemporary authors contend that language is a means of communication that is learned solely through the observation of external events, and culturally transmitted to successive generations. Here, we argue that learning and language can only be properly understood from a cognitive perspective, where the mind is conceived of as a biologically underpinned computational system. As is the case in learning theory, there is abundant evidence showing that language is subserved by an autonomous cognitive system in the mind. We conclude that the cognitive revolution has fundamentally changed our understanding of the mind.
DKK1‐CKAP4 signal axis promotes hepatocellular carcinoma aggressiveness
Authors: Iguchi Kosuke , Sada Ryota , Matsumoto Shinji , Kimura Hirokazu , Zen Yoh , Akita Masayuki , Gon Hidetoshi , Fukumoto Takumi , Kikuchi Akira 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most prevalent malignant liver neoplasm. Despite the advances in diagnosis and treatment, the prognosis of HCC patients remains poor. Cytoskeleton‐associated membrane protein 4 (CKAP4) is a receptor of the glycosylated secretory protein Dickkopf‐1 (DKK1), and the DKK1‐CKAP4 axis is activated in pancreatic, lung, and esophageal cancer cells. Expression of DKK1 and CKAP4 has been examined in HCC in independent studies that yielded contradictory results. In this study, the relationship between the DKK1‐CKAP4 axis and HCC was comprehensively examined. In 412 HCC cases, patients whose tumors were positive for both DKK1 and CKAP4 had a poor prognosis compared to those who were positive for only one of these markers or negative for both. Deletion of either DKK1 or CKAP4 inhibited HCC cell growth. In contrast to WT DKK1, DKK1 lacking the CKAP4 binding region did not rescue the phenotypes caused by DKK1 depletion, suggesting that binding of DKK1 to CKAP4 is required for HCC cell proliferation. Anti‐CKAP4 Ab inhibited HCC growth, and its antitumor effect was clearly enhanced when combined with lenvatinib, a multikinase inhibitor. These results indicate that simultaneous expression of DKK1 and CKAP4 is involved in the aggressiveness of HCC, and that the combination of anti‐CKAP4 Ab and other therapeutics including lenvatinib could represent a promising strategy for treating advanced HCC.
Femme populism: Vulnerability and desire in Argentine political aesthetics
Authors: Fierman Julia 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis article focuses on the role of vulnerability and desire in populist politics. I examine the political aesthetics of Argentine populism by analyzing media and supporters’ representations of Argentine politician Cristina Fernández de Kirchner. The populist leader tends to conjure the image of the strongman who is either an avuncular man of the people or a muscular, industrious worker. In contrast, Kirchner's followers focus on her sexual appeal and her emotional vulnerability. Drawing on Lacanian notions of love and desire, I argue that Cristinistas’ sustained focus on their leader's appearance and emotional state reveals the libidinal dimensions of populist politics. Moreover, the fetishization of Cristina as incomparably beautiful and bereaved indicates a deeply phallocentric conception of sovereignty. While Cristina's supporters tout her femininity as a departure from the political status quo, their focus on her image and persona reinforces phallocentric conceptions of sovereignty.
Using beam and ENDB specimens to evaluate fracture characteristics of wavy steel fiber‐reinforced self‐compacting concrete containing different coarse aggregate volumes
Authors: Hoseini Seyed Omid , Mousavi Seyed Roohollah , Sohrabi Mohammad Reza , Ghasemi Mohammad 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThis research has addressed the effects of coarse aggregate (CA) and wavy steel fiber (WSF) volumes on the self‐compacting concrete (SCC) fracture parameters in beam and edge notched disk bend (ENDB) specimens using size effect and work fracture methods (SEM and WFM). Mix designs were based on 30%–60% CA volumes and 0.15%–0.45% WSF volumes, and 144 different‐size notched beam specimens underwent 3‐point bending tests. Results showed that increasing the CA volume and percent WSFs increased the SCC ductility in both SEM and WFM; increasing the WSF volume affected the fracture energy‐compressive strength relationship negatively at 30% and 40% CA volumes, and increasing the WSF affected the mentioned relationship positively at 50 and 60% CA volumes. Finally, we predicted the relationship between the fracture parameters calculated with ENDB specimens and those of beam specimens calculated with SEM and WFM.
Denosumab treatment for refractory hypercalcemia in a hemodialysis patient with tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Authors: Zhang Peiheng , Yu Yang , Gao Ying , Yuan Geheng , Zhang Junqing , Wang Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe most appropriate surgical procedure for tertiary hyperparathyroidism is still controversial. Medical management may be considered in those patients with failed previous surgical intervention. There are limited medical options for tertiary hyperparathyroidism with renal dysfunction. The monoclonal antibody denosumab has been used in patients with osteoporosis and hypercalcemia of malignancy. We report a case of medically refractory hypercalcemia caused by tertiary hyperparathyroidism treated with denosumab. A 46‐year‐old female was on hemodialysis for 10 years. She was diagnosed with tertiary hyperparathyroidism due to hypercalcemia with a high level of intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH, 1411 pg/ml). After right parathyroidectomy 6 weeks, her serum calcium remained persistently elevated (Ca, 3.17 mmoL/L). Denosumab (60 mg) was administered subcutaneously, and her serum calcium quickly decreased (from 3.43 to 2.04 mmoL/L within 8 days) and was slightly elevated (Ca, 2.8 mmoL/L) 3 months later. We conclude that denosumab has a significant effect on the reduction of serum calcium for tertiary hyperparathyroidism patients. The long‐term treatment effect and safety warrant more studies in the future.
Research on the preparation of Ni/Al2O3 powder by fluidized crystallization granulation–hydrogen reduction
Authors: Wang Xin , Gui Lintao , Yang Haitao , Hu Chaoquan , Yu Xiaohua , Li Hongtao 
Published: February 2023

AbstractThis paper proposes a new process route for the preparation of Ni/Al2O3 composite powder through fluidized crystallization granulation–hydrogen reduction and investigates the effects of process feasibility, nickel concentration, nucleation method, and hydrogen reduction on Ni/Al2O3‐coated powder. The decrease in nickel concentration, heterogeneous nucleation, and natural air‐drying properties of precursor particles was beneficial to the formation of a complete and uniform cladding layer, and the increase in hydraulic retention time could improve the thickness of the cladding layer. The optimum process involves a nickel concentration of 50 mg/L; hydraulic residence time of 75 h to ensure heterogeneous nucleation; two‐step hydrogen reduction of precursor particles to obtain a complete and uniform Ni/Al2O3 cladding layer; and a powder surface nickel content of 59.5%.
Microstructure, interfacial characteristics, and wear performances of Cu–Fe–SiC cermet composites
Authors: Gao Qi , Sun Daming , Jiang Xiaosong , Sun Hongliang , Zhang Yali , Fang Yongjian , Shu Rui 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe Cu–Fe metal‐based ceramic grinding wheel material with SiC as abrasive was prepared by the powder metallurgy process of ball milling and hot pressing sintering. Cu–Fe–SiC cermets with Cu:Fe mass ratios of 4:1, 1:1, and 1:4 were designed by changing the composition of metal binder. The phase composition, microstructure, mechanical properties, and grinding properties of Cu–Fe–SiC cermets were systematically studied. The effect of Cu–Fe binder ratio on the microstructure and properties of cermets was analyzed. The results show that with the increase of Fe content, the density and hardness of cermets increase gradually, indicating that the mechanical properties are improved. Because the Fe in the adhesive can react with the abrasive SiC to form the reaction bonding interface, the Cu–80Fe–SiC cermets with higher Fe content have better adherence. The grinding test results of Cu–80Fe–SiC cermet show that the friction coefficient is .341, the surface roughness is 6.64 μm, the residual stresses parallel to the grinding direction are 353.3 MPa, and the residual stresses perpendicular to the grinding direction are 140.9 MPa. With the increase of Fe content, the wear mechanism changes from ploughing and cutting to friction.
Nurses' competence levels in disaster nursing management in Turkey: A comparative cross‐sectional study
Authors: Demirtaş Hande , Altuntaş Serap 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAimThis study aimed to determine nurses’ views of their competence in disaster nursing management.BackgroundIt is an important responsibility of nurses to have the necessary knowledge and skills for the management of disasters and to be prepared for disasters. For this responsibility to be effectively demonstrated, it is important to determine the disaster management competencies of the nurses.MethodsA descriptive, cross‐sectional, and comparative research design was used in this study. The study population consisted of all nurses in Turkey (N = 227 292). According to the power analysis, the goal was to recruit 599 nurses working between March and April 2021 using a simple random sampling method. However, 530 nurses answered the questionnaire. The response rate is 88.5%. Data were collected online using a sociodemographic characteristics questionnaire and the Competencies for Disaster Nursing Management Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences at a significance level of 0.05.ResultsThere was a positive correlation between nurses’ duties and responsibilities in disaster management, barriers to developing basic competencies, and nurses’ basic competencies in disaster management (p < 0.001). Nurses have inadequate competencies in disaster management for various reasons. The study was reported with the STROBE checklist.ConclusionAlthough nurses think they have core competencies, they are not prepared for disasters for various reasons.Implications for nursing and nursing policyHospitals should provide nurses with more duties and responsibilities regarding disaster management. Administrators should involve nurses in plans, decisions, and practices regarding disaster management. Decision‐makers should develop policies and training programs to remove the barriers preventing nurses from acquiring competencies.
The structure of the eggshell and eggshell membranes of Crocodylus niloticus
Authors: Lensink A V , Swan G E , Myburg J G 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe macro‐ and microstructure, elemental composition, and crystallographic characteristics of the eggshell and eggshell membranes of the Crocodylus niloticus egg was investigated using optical and electron microscopy, energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy (EDS), electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and computerised tomography. The translucent ellipsoid egg is composed of two basic layers, the outer calcified layer referred to as the shell and an inner organic fibre layer, referred to as the shell membrane. The outer inorganic calcite shell is further divided into an external, palisade and mammillary layers with pore channels traversing the shell. The external layer is a thin layer of amorphous calcium and phosphorus, the underlying palisade layer consist of irregular wedge‐shaped crystals composed calcite with traces of magnesium, sodium, sulphur and phosphorus. The crystals are mostly elongated, orientated perpendicular to the shell surface ending in cone‐shaped knobs, which forms the inner mammillary layer. The elemental composition of the mammillae is like that of the palisade layer, but the crystal structure is much smaller and orientated randomly. The highest number of mammillae and shell pores are found at the equator of the egg, becoming fewer towards the egg poles. The shell thickness follows the same pattern, with the thickest area located at the equator. The eggshell membrane located right beneath and embedded in the mammillary layer of the shell; it is made up of unorganised fibre sheets roughly orientated at right angles to one another. Individual fibres consist of numerous smaller fibrils forming open channels that run longitudinally through the fibre.