bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Charlson Comorbidity Index is correlated with all-cause readmission within six months in patients with heart failure: a retrospective cohort study in China
Authors: Sheng Song , Xu Feng-qin , Zhang Yan-hong , Huang Ye 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is positively associated with all-cause readmission in patients with heart failure (HF) in western countries. However, there is a scarcity of strong scientific evidence supporting the correlation in China. This study aimed at testing this hypothesis in Chinese.

Methods
We conducted a secondary analysis of 1,946 patients with HF in Zigong Fourth People’s Hospital in China between December 2016 to June 2019. Logistic regression models were used to study the hypotheses, with adjustments for the four regression models. We also explore the linear trend and possible nonlinear relationship between CCI and readmission within six months. We further conducted subgroup analysis and tests for interaction to examine the possible interaction between CCI and the endpoint. Additionally, CCI alone and several combinations of variables based on CCI were used to predict the endpoint. Under the curve (AUC), sensitivity and specificity were reported to evaluate the performance of the predicted model.

Results
In the adjusted II model, CCI was an independent prognostic factor for readmission within six months in patients with HF (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.03–1.26, P = 0.011). Trend tests revealed that there was a significant linear trend for the association. A nonlinear association was identified between them and the inflection point of CCI was 1. Subgroup analyses and tests for interaction indicated that cystatin played an interactive role in the association. ROC analysis indicated neither CCI alone nor combinations of variables based on CCI were adequate for prediction.

Conclusion
CCI was independently positively correlated with readmission within six months in patients with HF in Chinese population. However, CCI has limited value on predicting readmission within six months in patients with HF.
A novel nomogram for identifying candidates for adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage IB gastric adenocarcinoma
Authors: Xie Yangyang , Song Xue , Du Danwei , Jin Haimin , Li Xiaowen , Ni Zhongkai , Huang Hai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The purpose of this research was to construct a novel predictive nomogram to identify specific stage IB gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) populations who could benefit from postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT).

Method
Between 2004 and 2015, 1889 stage IB GAC patients were extracted from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program database. Then Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, univariate and multivariable Cox analyses, and univariate and multivariable logistic analyses were implemented. Finally, the predictive nomograms were constructed. The methods of area under the curve (AUC), calibration curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to validate the clinical effectiveness of the models.

Results
Of these patients, 708 cases underwent ACT, while the other 1181 patients didn’t receive ACT. After PSM, the patients in the ACT group presented a longer median overall survival (133 vs. 85 months, p = 0.0087). Among the ACT group, 194 (36.0%) patients achieving more prolonged overall survival than 85 months were regarded as the beneficiary population. Then the logistic regression analyses were performed, and age, gender, marital status, primary site, tumor size, and regional nodes examined were included as predicting factors to construct the nomogram. The AUC value was 0.725 in the training cohort and 0.739 in the validation cohort, which demonstrated good discrimination. And calibration curves indicated ideal consistency between the predicted and observed probabilities. Decision curve analysis presented a clinically useful model. Furthermore, the prognostic nomogram predicting 1-, 3-, and 5-year cancer-specific survival presented good predictive ability.

Conclusion
The benefit nomogram could guide clinicians in decision-making and selecting optimal candidates for ACT among stage IB GAC patients. And the prognostic nomogram presented great prediction ability for these patients.
Clinical prediction rule for identifying older patients with toxigenic clostridioides difficile at the time of hospital admission
Authors: Lee Ki-Byung , Lee Mina , Suh Jin Woong , Yang Kyung-Sook , Chung Youseung , Kim Jeong Yeon , Kim Sun Bean , Sohn Jang Wook , Yoon Young Kyung 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to develop and validate a clinical prediction rule to screen older patients at risk of being toxigenic Clostridioides difficile carriers at the time of hospital admission.

Methods
This retrospective case-control study was performed at a university-affiliated hospital. Active surveillance using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for the toxin genes of C. difficile was conducted among older patients (≥ 65 years) upon admission to the Division of Infectious Diseases of our institution. This rule was drawn from a derivative cohort between October 2019 and April 2021 using a multivariable logistic regression model. Clinical predictability was evaluated in the validation cohort between May 2021 and October 2021.

Results
Of 628 PCR screenings for toxigenic C. difficile carriage, 101 (16.1%) yielded positive findings. To establish clinical prediction rules in the derivation cohort, the formula was derived using significant predictors for toxigenic C. difficile carriage at admission, such as septic shock, connective tissue diseases, anemia, recent use of antibiotics, and recent use of proton-pump inhibitors. In the validation cohort, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the prediction rule, based on a cut-off value of ≥ 0.45, were 78.3%, 70.8%, 29.5%, and 95.4%, respectively.

Conclusion
This clinical prediction rule for identifying toxigenic C. difficile carriage at admission may facilitate the selective screening of high-risk groups. To implement it in a clinical setting, more patients from other medical institutions need to be prospectively examined.
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae related urinary tract infection in adult cancer patients: a multicenter retrospective study, 2015–2019
Authors: Wang Guojing , Zhu Yu , Feng Shana , Wei Baojun , Zhang Yujuan , Wang Jingzhi , Huang Shengkai , Qin Shengling , Liu Xuan , Chen Bing , Cui Wei 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae related urinary tract infections (UTI) in adult cancer patients.

Methods
We conducted a retrospective study of three cancer hospitals centered on Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from 2015 to 2019. The clinical characters, risk factors and antimicrobial susceptibility of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae UTI in adult cancer patients were described and analyzed.

Results
A total of 4967 specimens of UTI were evaluated, of which 909 were positive. After excluding multiple infection bacteria, non-conforming strains, inconsistent pathological information, no drug sensitivity test or medical records, 358 episodes remained. Among them, 160 episodes belonged to ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae, while 198 were classified into non-ESBL group. The prevalence of ESBL UTI circled around 39.73 to 53.03% for 5 years. Subgroup analysis by tumor type revealed that 62.5% of isolates from patients with urological tumors were ESBL positive. Multivariate analysis showed that tumor metastasis (OR 3.41, 95%CI 1.84–6.30), urological cancer (OR 2.96, 95%CI 1.34–6.53), indwelling catheter (OR 2.08, 95%CI 1.22–3.55) and surgery or invasive manipulation (OR 1.98, 95%CI 1.13–3.50) were the independent risk factors. According to antimicrobial sensitivity, meropenem, imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactam were the most commonly used antibiotics for ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae UTI.

Conclusions
In view of the high prevalence, clinicians should be alert to the occurrence of ESBL UTI, especially for patients with urological cancer or metastatic tumors. Regular replacement of urinary catheters, reduction of unnecessary invasive operations and selection of appropriate antibiotics are the necessary conditions to deal with the occurrence of ESBL UTI in adult cancer patients.
Estimating the burden of influenza-attributable severe acute respiratory infections on the hospital system in Metropolitan France, 2012–2018
Authors: Bernadou Anne , Sommen C. , Pivette M. , Hubert B. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
To date, estimating the burden of seasonal influenza on the hospital system in France has been restricted to influenza diagnoses in patients (estimated hospitalization rate of 35/100,000 on average from 2012 to 2018). However, many hospitalizations for diagnosed respiratory infections (e.g. pneumonia, acute bronchitis) occur without concurrent screening for virological influenza, especially in the elderly. Specifically, we aimed to estimate the burden of influenza on the French hospital system by examining the proportion of severe acute respiratory infections (SARI) attributable to influenza.

Methods
Using French national hospital discharge data from 1/7/2012 to 30/6/2018, we extracted SARI hospitalizations with ICD-10 codes J09-J11 (influenza codes) in main or associated diagnoses, and J12-J20 (pneumonia and bronchitis codes) in main diagnoses. We estimated influenza-attributable SARI hospitalizations during influenza epidemics, as the number of influenza-coded hospitalizations plus the influenza-attributable number of pneumonia- and acute bronchitis-coded hospitalizations using periodic regression and generalized linear models. Additional analyses stratified by age group, diagnostic category (pneumonia and bronchitis), and region of hospitalization were performed using the periodic regression model only.

Results
The average estimated hospitalization rate of influenza-attributable SARI during the five annual influenza epidemics covered (2013–2014 to 2017–2018) was 60/100,000 with the periodic regression model, and 64/100,000 with the generalized linear model. Over the six epidemics (2012–2013 to 2017–2018), of the 533,456 SARI hospitalizations identified, an estimated 227,154 were influenza-attributable (43%). Fifty-six percent of cases were diagnosed with influenza, 33% pneumonia, and 11% bronchitis. Diagnoses varied between age groups: 11% of patients under 15 years old had pneumonia versus 41% of patients aged 65 and older.

Conclusion
Compared to influenza surveillance in France to date, analyzing excess SARI hospitalizations provided a much larger estimate of the burden of influenza on the hospital system. This approach was more representative and allowed the burden to be assessed according to age group and region. The emergence of SARS-Cov-2 has led to a change in the dynamics of winter respiratory epidemics. The co-circulation of the three current major respiratory viruses (influenza, SARS-Cov-2, and RSV) and the evolution of diagnostic confirmation practices must now be taken into account when analyzing SARI.
Multiple branch retinal artery occlusions following the new facial cosmetic filler (Poly-D, L-lactic Acid) injection a case report
Authors: Wang I , Lin Hui-Ju , Tsai Yi-Yu , Chen Wen-Lu , Lin Chun-Ju , Chen San-Ni , Hsieh Ming-Chieh , Wan Lei , Tien Peng-Tai 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Poly-D, L-lactic acid is (PDLLA) a new cosmetic filler. We reported the first case of PDLLA-related devastating complication of multiple branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO).

Case presentation
A 23-year-old female had sudden blindness after injection of PDLLA at the glabella. After emergency intraocular pressure-lowering medicine, ocular massage, steroid pulse therapy, heparin and alprostadil infusion, and subsequent treatments including acupuncture and 40 sessions of hyperbaric oxygen therapy, her best-corrected visual acuity improved from hand motion at 30 cm to 0.3 within 2 months.

Conclusion
Although safety of PDLLA was evaluated in animal studies and in 16,000 human cases, it could still cause rare but devastating retinal artery occlusion as in the present case. Proper and immediate therapies could still improve patient’s vision and scotoma. Surgeons should keep in mind the possibility of iatrogenic filler-related retinal artery occlusion.
Views on increased federal access to state and local National Syndromic Surveillance Program data: a nominal group technique study with state and local epidemiologists
Authors: Schmit Cason D. , Willis Brooke , McCall Hayleigh , Altabbaa Alyaa , Washburn David 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
US public health authorities use syndromic surveillance to monitor and detect public health threats, conditions, and trends in near real-time. Nearly all US jurisdictions that conduct syndromic surveillance send their data to the National Syndromic Surveillance Program (NSSP), operated by the US. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. However, current data sharing agreements limit federal access to state and local NSSP data to only multi-state regional aggregations. This limitation was a significant challenge for the national response to COVID-19. This study seeks to understand state and local epidemiologists’ views on increased federal access to state NSSP data and identify policy opportunities for public health data modernization.

Methods
In September 2021, we used a virtual, modified nominal group technique with twenty regionally diverse epidemiologists in leadership positions and three individuals representing national public health organizations. Participants individually generated ideas on benefits, concerns, and policy opportunities relating to increased federal access to state and local NSSP data. In small groups, participants clarified and grouped the ideas into broader themes with the assistance of the research team. An web-based survey was used to evaluate and rank the themes using five-point Likert importance questions, top-3 ranking questions, and open-ended response questions.

Results
Participants identified five benefit themes for increased federal access to jurisdictional NSSP data, with the most important being improved cross-jurisdiction collaboration (mean Likert = 4.53) and surveillance practice (4.07). Participants identified nine concern themes, with the most important concerns being federal actors using jurisdictional data without notice (4.60) and misinterpretation of data (4.53). Participants identified eleven policy opportunities, with the most important being involving state and local partners in analysis (4.93) and developing communication protocols (4.53).

Conclusion
These findings identify barriers and opportunities to federal-state-local collaboration critical to current data modernization efforts. Syndromic surveillance considerations warrant data-sharing caution. However, identified policy opportunities share congruence with existing legal agreements, suggesting that syndromic partners are closer to agreement than they might realize. Moreover, several policy opportunities (i.e., including state and local partners in data analysis and developing communication protocols) received consensus support and provide a promising path forward.
Factors that sustain indigenous youth mentoring programs: a qualitative systematic review
Authors: Sanchez James , Maiden Jade , Barton Elsa , Walters Lucie , Quinn Donna , Jones Nathan , Doyle Aunty Kerrie , Lim David 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Indigenous youth worldwide continue to experience disproportional rates of poorer mental health and well-being compared to non-Indigenous youth. Mentoring has been known to establish favorable outcomes in many areas of health but is still in its early phases of research within Indigenous contexts. This paper explores the barriers and facilitators of Indigenous youth mentoring programs to improve mental health outcomes and provides evidence for governments’ response to the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.

Methods
A systematic search for published studies was conducted on PubMed, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL, and grey literature through Trove, OpenGrey, Indigenous HealthInfoNet, and Informit Indigenous Collection. All papers included in the search were peer-reviewed and published from 2007 to 2021. The Joanna Briggs Institute approaches to critical appraisal, data extraction, data synthesis, and confidence of findings were used.

Results
A total of eight papers describing six mentoring programs were included in this review; six papers were from Canada, and two originated from Australia. Studies included mentor perspectives (n = 4) (incorporating views of parents, carers, Aboriginal assistant teachers, Indigenous program facilitators, young adult health leaders, and community Elders), mentee perspectives (n = 1), and both mentor and mentee perspectives (n = 3). Programs were conducted nationally (n = 3) or within specific local Indigenous communities (n = 3) with varying mentor styles and program focus. Five synthesized findings were identified from the data extraction process, each consisting of four categories. These synthesized findings were: establishing cultural relevancy, facilitating environments, building relationships, facilitating community engagement, and leadership responsibilities, which were discussed in the context of extant mentoring theoretical frameworks.

Conclusion
Mentoring is an appropriate strategy for improving general well-being. However, more research is needed to explore program sustainability and maintaining outcomes in the long term.
Knowledge and nutrition-related practices among caregivers of adolescents with sickle cell disease in the Greater Accra region of Ghana
Authors: Ohemeng Agartha , Nartey Eunice Berko , Quaidoo Esi , Ansong Richard Stephen , Asiedu Matilda Steiner 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Due to its severe adverse effect on child mortality, sickle cell disease (SCD) has been identified as a set of diseases of public health concern. The high mortality rate among children with SCD in Africa has been attributed to several factors including sub-optimal management and care. This study documented the nutrition-related knowledge and practices of caregivers of teenagers who suffer from sickle cell disease (SCD) to inform decisions on integrated management of the disease.

Methods
The study included caregivers (n = 225) of adolescents with SCD who attended clinic at selected hospitals in Accra, Ghana. Pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was employed in the gathering of information related to general and nutrition-related knowledge about SCD, as well as data on their nutrition-related practices with regards to their children who suffer from SCD. Pearson’s Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analyses were applied to explore the relationship between caregivers’ nutrition-related knowledge and practice.

Results
Nutrition-related knowledge among the caregivers studied was low, with less than a third of them (29.3%) of the sample being classified as having good knowledge. Caregivers who considered nutrition care when the child experienced crises were few (21.8%), and those with low nutrition-related knowledge were less likely to do this compared with caregivers having high knowledge (OR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.18, 0.78). The common nutrition actions reported were the provision of more fruits/fruit juices (36.5%) and warm fluids such as soups and teas (31.7%). More than a third of the caregivers (38.7%) admitted that they faced challenges in caring for their adolescents with SCD, particularly in the area of finance for the needed health care.

Conclusion
Our study findings indicate that it is important to incorporate appropriate nutrition education messages for caregivers as part of a holistic management of SCD.
Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures caused by Cushing’s syndrome in young women: case report and literature review
Authors: Cheng Jie , Ju Songli , Zhang Zihan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Background
Cushing’s syndrome is known as an important cause of secondary osteoporosis, characterized by reduction of bone mineral density and potential occurrence of fragility fractures before diagnosis in young population. Therefore, for young patients with fragility fractures, especially in young women, more attention should be paid on glucocorticoid excess caused by Cushing’s syndrome, due to relatively higher rate of misdiagnosis, distinct pathological characteristics and different treatment strategies compared with violent fractures and primary osteoporosis related fractures.

Case presentation
We presented an unusual case of a 26-year-old woman with multiple vertebral compression fractures and pelvis fractures, subsequently diagnosed as Cushing’s syndrome. On admission, the radiographic results showed fresh second lumbar vertebra fracture, and old fourth lumbar vertebra and pelvic fractures. The dual energy X-ray absorptiometry of lumbar spine revealed marked osteoporosis, and her plasm cortisol was extremely high. Then, Cushing’s syndrome, caused by left adrenal adenoma, was diagnosed by further endocrinological and radiographic examinations. After receiving left adrenalectomy, her plasma ACTH and cortisol values returned to normal level. In term of OVCF, we adopted conservative treatments, including pain management, brace treatment, and anti-osteoporosis measures. Three months after discharge, the patient’s low back pain was in complete remission without new onset of pain, and returned to normal life and work. Furthermore, we reviewed the literatures on advancements in the treatment of OVCF caused by Cushing’s syndrome, and based on our experiences, proposed some additional perspectives to guide treatment.

Conclusion
In term of OVCF secondary to Cushing’s syndrome without neurological damage, we prefer systematic conservative treatments, including pain management, brace treatment, and anti-osteoporosis measures, to surgical treatment. Among them, anti-osteoporosis treatment has the highest priority because of the reversibility of osteoporosis caused by Cushing’s syndrome.