bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Disentangling Surface Energy and Surface/Interface Stress Effects in Spin Crossover Nanomaterials
Authors: Fahs Alaa , Mi Shiteng , Nicolazzi William , Molnár Gábor , Bousseksou Azzedine 
Published: May 2023

AbstractUnderstanding phase transformation processes at the nanoscale is an important step for the integration of phase change materials into functional nanodevices. Here, a numerical method to assess surface energy and surface stress contributions to finite size effects in spin crossover nanomaterials is proposed. Starting from their formal definitions, molecular dynamic simulations combined with continuum mechanics and thermodynamic considerations on model thin films are performed. The surface energy values extracted from the simulations are 71 and 79 mJ m−2 for the high spin (HS) and low spin (LS) states, respectively. In the limit of a weak lattice parameter misfit, the calculated isotropic stresses of a HS/LS interface are 94 and 45 mJ m−2 for the LS and HS states, respectively. From these results, a ≈10 K downshift of the spin transition temperature is predicted with the size reduction. Whereas surface energy favors systematically the HS state, it is not the case for the interface stress. Indeed, it is demonstrated that the anisotropy of mechanical stresses can lead to the stabilization of the LS state. These results confirm the possible control of the phase stability in these smart nanomaterials through interface engineering.
Drought is threatening plant growth and soil nutrients of grassland ecosystems: A meta‐analysis
Authors: Liu Cheng , Siri Muji , Li Hui , Ren Cheng , Huang Jing , Feng Changliang , Liu Kesi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAs a widespread direct effect of global warming, drought is currently wreaking havoc on terrestrial ecosystems' structure and function, however, the synthesized analysis is lacked to explore the general rules between drought changes and main functional factors of grassland ecosystems. In this work, meta‐analysis was used to examine the impacts of drought on grassland ecosystems in recent decades. According to the results, drought greatly reduced aboveground biomass (AGB), aboveground net primary production (ANPP), height, belowground biomass (BGB), belowground net primary production (BNPP), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), microbial biomass carbon (MBC) and soil respiration (SR), and increased dissolved organic carbon (DOC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), nitrate nitrogen (NO3−‐N), and the ratio of microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (MBC/MBN). The drought‐related environmental factor mean annual temperature (MAT) was negatively correlated with AGB, height, ANPP, BNPP, MBC, and MBN, however, mean annual precipitation (MAP) had positive effect on these variables. These findings indicate that drought is threatening the biotic environment of grassland ecosystem, and the positive steps should be taken to address the negative effects of drought on grassland ecosystems due to climate change.
Disentangling abiotic and biotic controls of age‐0 Pacific herring population stability across the San Francisco Estuary
Authors: Pak Nina , Colombano Denise D. , Greiner Thomas , Hobbs James A. , Carlson Stephanie M. , Ruhi Albert 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPacific herring (Clupea pallasii) is an ecologically and commercially valuable forage fish in the North Pacific Ocean. However, knowledge gaps exist around the abiotic and biotic drivers behind its variable population dynamics—as well as on the ability of the species to show spatially structured trends that stabilize population portfolios in the face of environmental change. Here we examined how historical hydroclimatic variability in the San Francisco Estuary (California) has driven age‐0 Pacific herring population dynamics over 35 years. First, we used wavelet analyses to examine spatiotemporal variation and synchrony in the environment, focusing on two key variables: salinity and temperature. Next, we fitted multivariate autoregressive state‐space models to environmental and abundance time series to test for spatial structure and to parse out abiotic (salinity and temperature) from biotic influences (spawning and density dependence). Finally, we examined the stabilizing effects of spatially asynchronous population fluctuations (i.e., portfolio effects) across the estuary. Our results showed that temperature, but not salinity, fluctuated synchronously across regions on seasonal and decadal timescales. The top‐ranked model showed strong evidence of regional population structure and regional variation in population responses to the environment. As expected, age‐0 herring were generally associated with cooler, saltier conditions in spring. Density dependence was strong in all regions, suggesting that local factors influencing rearing conditions limited juvenile population growth across the estuary. Additionally, age‐0 abundance fluctuations were on average 15% more stable across the estuary than in individual regions, demonstrating that portfolio effects arising from population asynchrony have helped to stabilize recruitment across the estuary over the past four decades. We contend that ecosystem‐based fishery management strategies to restore eelgrass and tidal marsh rearing habitats could increase the carrying capacity of the estuary, further stabilizing the herring population and reducing the risk of fishery closures.
The role of bioimpedance analysis in overweight and obese patients with acute heart failure: a pilot study
Authors: Venegas‐Rodríguez Ana , Pello Ana María , López‐Castillo Marta , Taibo Urquía Mikel , Balaguer‐Germán Jorge , Munté Alicia , González‐Martín Guillermo , Carriazo‐Julio Sol María , Martínez‐Milla Juan , Kallmeyer Andrea , González Lorenzo Óscar , Gaebelt Slocker Hans Paul , Tuñón José , González‐Parra Emilio , Aceña Álvaro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAimsResidual congestion at the time of hospital discharge is an important readmission risk factor, and its detection with physical examination and usual diagnostic techniques have strong limitations in overweight and obese patients. New tools like bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) could help to determine when euvolaemia is reached. The aim of this study was to investigate the usefulness of BIA in management of heart failure (HF) in overweight and obese patients.Methods and resultsOur study is a single‐centre, single‐blind, randomized controlled trial that included 48 overweight and obese patients admitted for acute HF. The study population was randomized into two arms: BIA‐guided group and standard care. Serum electrolytes, kidney function, and natriuretic peptides were followed up during their hospital stay and at 90 days after discharge. The primary endpoint was development of severe acute kidney injury (AKI) defined as an increase in serum creatinine by >0.5 mg/dL during hospitalization, and the main secondary endpoint was the reduction of N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) levels during hospitalization and within 90 days after discharge. The BIA‐guided group showed a remarkable lower incidence of severe AKI, although no significant differences were found (41.4% vs. 16.7%; P = 0.057). The proportion of patients who achieved levels of NT‐proBNP < 1000 pg/mL at 90 days was significantly higher in the BIA‐guided group than in the standard group (58.8% vs. 25%; P = 0.049). No differences were observed in the incidence of adverse outcomes at 90 days.ConclusionsAmong overweight and obese patients with HF, BIA reduces NT‐proBNP levels at 90 days compared with standard care. In addition, there is a trend towards lower incidence of AKI in the BIA‐guided group. Although more studies are required, BIA could be a useful tool in decompensated HF management in overweight and obese patients.
Engineered nickel bioaccumulation in Escherichia coli by NikABCDE transporter and metallothionein overexpression
Authors: Diep Patrick , Leo Shen Heping , Wiesner Julian A. , Mykytczuk Nadia , Papangelakis Vladimiros , Yakunin Alexander F. , Mahadevan Radhakrishnan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMine wastewater often contains dissolved metals at concentrations too low to be economically extracted by existing technologies, yet too high for environmental discharge. The most common treatment is chemical precipitation of the dissolved metals using limestone and subsequent disposal of the sludge in tailing impoundments. While it is a cost‐effective solution to meet regulatory standards, it represents a lost opportunity. In this study, we engineered Escherichia coli to overexpress its native NikABCDE transporter and a heterologous metallothionein to capture nickel at concentrations in local effluent streams. We found the engineered strain had a 7‐fold improvement in the bioaccumulation performance for nickel compared to controls, but also observed a drastic decrease in cell viability due to metabolic burden or inducer (IPTG) toxicity. Growth kinetic analysis revealed the IPTG concentrations used based on past studies lead to growth inhibition, thus delineating future avenues for optimization of the engineered strain and its growth conditions to perform in more complex environments.
Seismic design parameters (R, Cd, and Ω0) for uncoupled composite plate shear walls−concrete filled (C‐PSW/CF)
Authors: Broberg Morgan , Agrawal Shubham , Varma Amit , Klemencic Ron 
Published: May 2023

AbstractComposite Plate Shear Walls−Concrete Filled (C‐PSW/CF) are an innovative seismic force resisting system recently adapted for building applications. The walls consist of parallel steel faceplates connected with tie bars and filled with concrete. This paper summarizes the results of a recent FEMA P695 study completed to verify seismic design parameters for uncoupled C‐PSW/CFs with rectangular flange plate boundary elements. Seven archetype structures were: (i) designed, (ii) modeled using a benchmarked fiber‐based finite element analysis approach, (iii) subjected to nonlinear pushover analysis, (iv) and to incremental nonlinear dynamic analysis to failure for 22‐sets of scaled ground motions, and (v) the results were statistically analyzed to assess performance. These structures ranged from three (3) to twenty‐two (22) stories and included both planar and C‐shaped configurations. As part of this design process, recommendations for stiffness approximations for linear analysis of C‐PSW/CFs were developed. Additionally, these nonlinear incremental dynamic analysis results were post‐processed to determine the rotation and strain demands at the base of these structures at the design basis, maximum considered, and failure level earthquakes. These results showed that the rotation and strain demand at failure level earthquakes were comparable regardless of the ground motion. Ultimately, this FEMA P695 approach verified the R factor of 6.5, Cd factor of 5.5, and Ω0 of 2.5 for C‐PSW/CFs with boundary elements.
Cooling glaciers in a warming climate since the Little Ice Age at Qaanaaq, northwest Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland)
Authors: Carrivick Jonathan L. , Smith Mark W. , Sutherland Jenna L. , Grimes Michael 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe centennial response of land‐terminating glaciers in Greenland to climate change is largely unknown. Yet, such information is important to understand ongoing changes and for projecting the future evolution of Arctic subpolar glaciers, meltwater runoff, and sediment fluxes. This paper analyses the topography, geomorphology, and sedimentology of prominent moraine ridges and the proglacial areas of ice cap outlet glaciers on the Qaanaaq peninsula (Piulip Nunaa). We determine geometric changes of glaciers since the neoglacial maximum; the Little Ice Age (LIA), and we compare glacier behaviour during the LIA with that of the present day. There has been very little change in the rate of volume loss of each outlet glacier since the LIA compared with the rate between 2000 and 2019. However, the percentage of each glacier that is likely composed of cold‐based ice has increased since the LIA, typically by 20%. The LIA moraines comprise subrounded, striated, and faceted clasts that evidence subglacial transport, and outwash plains, flutes, kames, and eskers that evidence subglacial motion and meltwater within temperate ice. Contrastingly, contemporary ice margins and their convex ice surfaces comprise pronounced primary foliation, ephemeral supraglacial drainage, sediment drapes from thrust plane fractures, and an absence of open crevasses and moulins. These calculations and observations together lead us to interpret that these outlet glaciers have transitioned towards an increasingly cold‐based thermal regime despite a warming regional climate. Thermal regime transitions control glacier dynamics and therefore should be incorporated into glacier evolution models, especially where polythermal glaciers prevail and where climate is changing rapidly.
An optimal trust and secure model using deep metric learning for fog‐based VANET
Authors: Tripathi Kuldeep Narayan , Sharma Subhash Chander 
Published: May 2023

AbstractVehicular ad hoc network (VANET) is a technique that enhances road safety via communication between two different vehicles. Trust establishment in VANET in between the vehicles is the most significant factor that provides secure reliability and integrity. Reliability and trust assist the vehicles in gathering credible data from neighboring vehicles. On the other hand, incomplete and inaccurate data gathered by the vehicles contain interrupting effect on VANET. Therefore, this article proposes a modified deep metric learning‐based chaotic Henry gas solubility optimization (MDML‐CHGSO) approach to provide a trust‐based security design. The proposed trust model is based on plausibility as well as experience in securing vehicle networks. The proposed model verifies the received data's genuineness from the approved vehicle using various processes namely, authentication, lifetime verification, experience evaluation, plausibility determination, and accurate measurement. The adoption of the modified DML‐based CHGSO approach extracts the location of the event message accurately when the location of the message is located closer to the fog nodes. In addition to this, average latency, throughput and packet delivery ratio, are the metrics evaluated for rating the performance.
Learning by linking the Canadian Evaluation Society's student case competition within a graduate evaluation course
Authors: Worthington Paisley , Stasel Rebecca Stroud , Carbone Katrina , Hughes Jennifer , Searle Michelle 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThere are many ways to intertwine theoretical and applied learning to nurture the competencies required to conduct evaluation. Experiential learning opportunities remain a priority for many evaluation educators who are helping learners apply foundational skills and knowledge to practice. Evaluators develop their professional expertise in diverse venues, including through experience, through professional learning, or, as we highlight in this chapter, in graduate school. Incorporating experiential learning from a professional association into a formal graduate course requires a willingness to blend university course expectations and activities with collaborative learning experiences. Using reflective dialogue and poetry enacted through dialogic analysis and reflection, we examine enduring perceptions and learning activated from student participation in the Canadian Evaluation Society's national evaluation case competition as part of evaluation education situated within a formal university graduate course. Weaving five voices representing learners, case study coach, and course instructor, we discuss how the evaluation competition was used to deepen understanding and develop evaluator competencies.
¡Milwaukee Evaluation! Inc.: Design principles for recentering social justice in evaluation training and disrupting whiteness and neoliberalism
Authors: Robinson Nicole , Connors Emily , Cobb T. J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAcross the nation, the American Evaluation Association (AEA) recognizes over thirty volunteer‐led organizations called local affiliates. These affiliates provide professional development, networking, and field building opportunities that influence the local evaluation marketplace and ecosystem in ways that have not been systematically studied or understood within the larger discourse of continuing education for evaluators. In this chapter, we present a single case study on the long‐term efforts of ¡Milwaukee Evaluation! Inc., the AEA Local Affiliate in Wisconsin, to recenter social justice in evaluator training and education. The case study is presented in the form of two design principles that have shaped the affiliate's work over the past 10 years and helped move the local evaluation marketplace and infrastructure toward deeper expressions of social justice. The affiliate uses a two‐generation approach, creates liminal spaces as the site for critical consciousness raising and emancipatory capacity building, validates (working class) evaluators of color, and covers topics such as reparations and neoliberalism in its educational offerings. The rationale for this approach is discussed.
The evaluator and evaluation: Critical considerations for the future of education and training
Authors: Neubauer Leah C. , LaVelle John M. , Boyce Ayesha S. , Archibald Thomas 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this chapter, we reflect on the aims and gaps of this volume and the positionality of the co‐editors and contributors. We invite readers to consider how education and training for evaluators are or should be conceptualized and actualized, and detail future areas for consideration and attention.
Nasal spray of an IgM‐like ACE2 fusion protein HH‐120 accelerates SARS‐CoV‐2 clearance: A single‐center propensity score‐matched cohort study
Authors: Song Rui , Chen Xiaoyou , Li Baoliang , Zhang Hongbin , Guo Xiaodi , Liu Zhe , Zou Liangfeng , Liang Xiao , Lei Cong , Mao Fengfeng , Sui Jianhua , Li Wenhui , Jin Ronghua 
Published: May 2023

AbstractHH‐120, a recently developed IgM‐like ACE2 fusion protein with broad‐spectrum neutralizing activity against all ACE2‐utilizing coronaviruses, has been developed as a nasal spray for use as an early treatment agent to reduce disease progression and airborne transmission. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the HH‐120 nasal spray in SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected subjects. Eligible symptomatic or asymptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected participants were enrolled in a single‐arm trial to receive the HH‐120 nasal spray for no longer than 6 days or until viral clearance at a single hospital between August 3 and October 7, 2022. An external control was built from real‐world data of SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected subjects contemporaneously hospitalized in the same hospital using a propensity score matching (PSM) method. After PSM, 65 participants in the HH‐120 group and 103 subjects with comparable baseline characteristics in the external control group were identified. The viral clearance time was significantly shorter in participants receiving the HH‐120 nasal spray than that in subjects of the control group (median 8 days vs. 10 days, p < 0.001); the difference was more prominent in those subgroup subjects with higher baseline viral load (median 7.5 days vs. 10.5 days, p < 0.001). The incidence of treatment‐emergent adverse events and treatment‐related adverse events of HH‐120 group were 35.1% (27/77) and 3.9% (3/77), respectively. All the adverse events observed were mild, being of CTCAE grade 1 or 2, and transient. The HH‐120 nasal spray showed a favorable safety profile and promising antiviral efficacy in SARS‐CoV‐2‐infected subjects. The results from this study warrant further assessment of the efficacy and safety of the HH‐120 nasal spray in large‐scale randomized controlled clinical trials.
Flow Activation Energy Estimation by Thermo‐Rheological Method
Authors: Lin Qiao , Allanic Nadine , Girault Manuel , Mousseau Pierre 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPolymer and many other flows exhibit non‐Newtonian rheological behavior. For some materials, the thermal dependence of viscosity is also essential to be established. It can be described by considering an activation energy, estimated by using the viscosity measurements at different temperatures. Nevertheless, the test temperatures must be reliable and accurate. An annular measuring device (TRAC: Thermo‐Rheo Annular Cell) is previously proposed for highly robust temperature measurement and viscosity identification by inverse method, which exploits the viscous dissipation in the flow. This work explains how critical viscosity points, identified thanks to the TRAC, can be used to estimate the activation energy with different approaches involving the principle of time‐temperature superposition. Thanks to the thermal characteristics of the annular flow, the thermal dependence of viscosity can also be estimated from direct temperature measurements to perform fast analysis, without using inverse method.
Diagnosis and management of metabolic myopathies
Authors: Bhai Salman F. , Vissing John 
Published: May 2023

AbstractMetabolic myopathies are a set of rare inborn errors of metabolism leading to disruption in energy production. Relevant to skeletal muscle, glycogen storage disease and fatty acid oxidation defects can lead to exercise intolerance, rhabdomyolysis, and weakness in children and adults, distinct from the severe forms that involve multiple‐organ systems. These nonspecific, dynamic symptoms along with conditions that mimic metabolic myopathies can make diagnosis challenging. Clinicians can shorten the time to diagnosis by recognizing the typical clinical phenotypes and performing next generation sequencing. With improved access and affordability of molecular testing, clinicians need to be well‐versed in resolving variants of uncertain significance relevant to metabolic myopathies. Once identified, patients can improve quality of life, safely engage in exercise, and reduce episodes of rhabdomyolysis by modifying diet and lifestyle habits.
Fractional derivative modelling for rheological characteristics of multilayered saturated porous rock with interfacial thermal contact resistance
Authors: Wen Minjie , Wu Wenbing , Li Lichen , Tian Yi , El Naggar M. Hesham , Mei Guoxiong , Zhang Yunpeng , Liu Hao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn this paper, the one‐dimensional rheological characteristics of multilayered saturated porous rock subjected to a ramp‐type heating is investigated. By introducing the fractional order parameter and material parameters, a viscoelastic constitutive model is proposed to describe the rheological characteristics of multilayered saturated porous rock. The general incomplete thermal contact model is established to predict the interfacial thermal contact resistance of multilayered saturated porous rock. Based on the coupled thermo‐hydro‐mechanical theory, the semi‐analytical solutions of the excess pore water pressure, temperature increment and displacement are obtained by using the Laplace transform method. The accuracy of the present solutions is verified by comparing with the classic elastic and viscoelastic models, and existing solutions. In addition, the influence of fractional order parameter, material parameter ratio, thermal contact transfer coefficient and thermal partition coefficient on the excess pore water pressure, temperature increment and displacement of multilayered saturated porous rock are investigated.