bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Current state of biliary cannulation techniques during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): International survey study
Authors: Kouanda Abdul , Bayudan Alexis , Hussain Azhar , Avila Patrick , Kamal Faisal , Hasan Muhammad Khalid , Dai Sun-Chuan , Munroe Craig , Thiruvengadam Nikhil , Arain Mustafa A 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background and study aims Endoscopist techniques affect biliary
cannulation success and the risk of adverse events during endoscopic retrograde
cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). This survey study aims to understand the current practice of
biliary cannulation techniques among endoscopists.
Methods Practicing endoscopists were sent an anonymous
28-question electronic survey on biliary cannulation techniques and intraprocedural
pancreatitis prophylactic strategies.
Results The survey was completed by 692 endoscopists (6.2%
females). A wire-guided cannulation technique (WGT) was the preferred initial biliary
cannulation approach (95%). The preferred secondary approaches were a double-wire (DWT)
(65.8%), precut needle-knife technique (NKT) (25.7%), transpancreatic sphincterotomy (5.9%) or
other (2.6%). Overall, 18.1% of respondents were not comfortable with NKTs. In the setting of
pancreatic duct (PD) access, 81.9% and 97% reported a threshold of three or more wire passes
or contrast injections into the PD, respectively, before changing strategy, 34% reported
placement of a prophylactic PD stent <50% of the time and 12.1% reported removal of the PD
stent at the end of the procedure. Advanced endoscopy fellowship (AEF) training and high
volume (>200 ERCPs per year) were associated with comfort with precut NKTs and likelihood
of prophylactic PD stent (P<0.001 for both).
Conclusions A WGT technique followed by the DWT and NKT were the
preferred biliary cannulation techniques; however, almost one-fifth of respondents were not
comfortable with the NKT. There was considerable variability in secondary cannulation
approaches, time spent attempting biliary cannulation and prophylactic PD stent placement,
factors known to be associated with cannulation success and adverse outcomes.
Cancer Risk of Peutz–Jeghers Syndrome and Treatment Experience: A Chinese Medical Center
Authors: Xu Zuxin , Gu Guoli 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPeutz–Jeghers syndrome (PJS), also known as hereditary mucocutaneous pigmented gastrointestinal polyposis, is a clinically rare autosomal dominant genetic disease, which falls into the category of hereditary colorectal cancer. There are ∼7,000 new cases of PJS in China every year, and 170,000 PJS patients may survive for a long time in society. PJS polyps are characterized by an early age of onset, difficult diagnosis and treatment, and easy recurrence. With repeated growth, polyps can lead to serious complications such as intestinal obstruction, intussusception, gastrointestinal bleeding, and cancerization, which cause serious clinical problems. Due to repeated hospitalization and endoscopic follow-up, PJS patients and their families suffer from great physical and mental pain and economic burden. With the in-depth understanding of PJS and the development and popularization of endoscopic techniques in the past decade, an integrated treatment modality based on endoscopy plus surgery has gradually become the preferred treatment in most hospitals, which greatly improves the quality of life of PJS patients. However, there is still a lack of effective drug prevention and cure means. In this paper, the current clinical treatment means for PJS polyps were summarized by literature review combined with the treatment experience of our medical center, with a focus on their clinical diagnosis, treatment, and cancer risk.
Endoscopic Treatment for Nonhypertrophic Idiopathic Pyloric Stenosis in an Adolescent Patient
Authors: Ferlini Carlo Maria , De Lorenzi Elena , Belgiovine Cristina , Cereda Emanuele , Caimmi Silvia Maria Elena , Raffaele Alessandro 
Published: May 2023

AbstractNonhypertrophic idiopathic pyloric stenosis (NHIPS) is a rare occurrence in children. It could be related to peptic ulcers, but a definitive cause is yet to be found. Treatment is a matter of debate, ranging from medical to surgical. We report the case of a 15-year-old boy suffering postprandial vomiting and weight loss in the previous 3 months. NHIPS was diagnosed and successfully treated with several sessions of endoscopic pyloric dilation and jejunal feeding. In association with a multidisciplinary approach, endoscopic dilation should be considered as a first-line treatment to avoid surgery.
How Chief Executive Officers’ first-hand experience of the Great Chinese Famine affects risk-taking?
Authors: Li Dayuan , Huang Chen , Wang Ding 
Published: May 2023

AbstractTo understand the influence of Chief Executive Officers’ (CEOs) early life experiences on their firms’ strategic decision-making, here we explore the impacts of CEOs’ experience of the Great Chinese Famine (1959–1961) on their cognitions and firm risk-taking. Using longitudinal data from publicly listed companies in China from 2006 to 2017, we found that CEOs who experienced the 3-year-long famine are more risk-averse, but that this relationship only exists among CEOs who experienced the famine during their formative years (between 6 and 18 years old). In addition, we found that the negative relationship between CEOs’ early experiences of famine and firms’ risk-taking is weaker when the firm is state-owned and stronger when the firm is facing fiercely competitive markets. We also take a step further to explore the impact of the severity of the famine on individuals, and we find that there is a positive relationship between the severity of the famine and firm risk-taking only within a moderate level. When the severity exceeds a certain level, CEOs are reluctant to take risks with the increase in the severity of the famine. Our findings provide a new theoretical and practical perspective in studying the relationship between CEOs’ early experiences with disaster and firm risk-taking.
Study on discharge characteristics of six-gap gas switch with corona assisted triggering
Authors: Jiang Hongyu , Jiang Xiaofeng , Wang Zhiguo , Sun Fengju , Wei Hao , Lou Cheng , Qiu Aici 
Published: May 2023

To improve the triggering characteristics of the gas switch used for linear transformer driver, a method of corona assisted triggering based on the pre-ionization in switch gaps is proposed and applied to a six-gap gas switch. The principle is demonstrated by electrostatic field analysis and verified by the experimental study on the discharge characteristics of the gas switch. The results indicate that when the gas pressure is 0.3 MPa, the self-breakdown voltage remains about ±80 kV, and its dispersivity is lower than 3%. The effect of corona assisted triggering on the triggering characteristics increases with the higher permittivity of the inner shield. The positive trigger voltage of the switch with the proposed method can be reduced from 110 to 30 kV at a charging voltage of ±80 kV when the jitter is equal to that of the original switch. There are no pre-fire or late-fire when the switch operates continuously for 2000 shots.
Ukrainian values: between the Slavic-Orthodox legacy and Europe's allure
Authors: Akaliyski Plamen , Reeskens Tim 
Published: May 2023

ABSTRACT
An important question in understanding the war in Ukraine is whether Russian President Putin's claim that Russians and Ukrainians are ‘one people’ or whether the statement made by European Union Commission President von der Leyen, echoing Ukrainian government's position, that Ukraine is ‘one of us’ receives more support. In our contribution, we assess the societal values endorsed in Ukraine, and test whether they resemble those of Russia or Western Europe. After reviewing arguments brought by the ‘Clash of Civilizations’, Modernization, Social Identity, and Nation Building theories, we analyze the most recent data from the European Values Study and World Values Survey (2017-2021). Constructing an EU-values index, including gender equality, individual freedom, and liberal democracy, among others, we show that while values in Ukraine are closer to Russia than virtually any European Union country, there are clear differences that are especially salient among younger age cohorts. Further, we refute Huntington's claim that Ukraine is a ‘cleft’ country by showing that regional variation within Ukraine is rather minimal. We conclude with an interpretation of these findings in light of political debates and prominent theoretical approaches to studying values.
Hydrogenation-induced ultrahigh stabilization and tunable electronic structures of two-dimensional orthorhombic diboron diphosphide
Authors: Zeng Hui , Zhao Jun , Ding Da-Zhi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Using density-functional theory calculations, we have studied hydrogenated two-dimensional (2D) orthorhombic diboron diphosphorus (O-B2P2). It is found that hydrogenation can transit the pristine O-B2P2 from a tiny bandgap semiconductor to a wide- and indirect-bandgap semiconductor, and the bandgaps are dependent on hydrogenation configurations. Moreover, our calculations have revealed that the three hydrogenated O-B2P2 nanostructures are both dynamically and thermally stable, and their bandgaps are estimated to be 2.8–4.2 eV according to hybrid potential calculations. They are predicted to possess strongly anisotropic mechanical and carrier transport properties, allowing potential applications for in-plane anisotropic and high-performance electronic devices. Hydrogenated O-B2P2 nanostructures exhibit strong absorbance of ultraviolet light and their bandgaps can be linearly modulated by tensile strain. Our findings demonstrate novel mechanical and electronic properties of hydrogenated O-B2P2 nanostructures, combined with excellent stability in ambient conditions, suggesting that they could be promising candidates for strongly anisotropic electronic and sensor devices.
Noise and thermal depinning of Wigner crystals
Authors: Reichhardt C , Reichhardt C J O 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We examine changes in the depinning threshold and conduction noise fluctuations for driven Wigner crystals in the presence of quenched disorder. At low temperatures there is a well defined depinning threshold and a strong peak in the noise power with

1

/

f

noise characteristics. At higher temperatures, the depinning threshold shifts to lower drives and the noise, which is also reduced in power, becomes more white in character. At lower temperatures, a washboard frequency appears when the system depins elastically or forms a moving smectic state; however, this washboard signal is strongly reduced for higher temperatures and completely disappears above the melting temperature of a system without quenched disorder. Our results are in good agreement with recent transport and noise studies for systems where electron crystal depinning is believed to arise, and also show how noise can be used to distinguish between crystal, glass, and liquid phases.
An efficient modeling approach for wavelet transform processors using surface acoustic wave devices
Authors: Yang Baoliang , Lu Wenke , Gao Lili 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Wavelet transform processors (WTPs) using surface acoustic wave devices provide an effective solution to utilize wavelet transform technology in practical applications. This work proposes a novel model of WTPs for predicting their performance characteristics, which might be utilized for single-electrode type and double-electrode type interdigital transducers (IDTs), as there is currently no universal, quick, and accurate simulation technology for WTPs (IDTs). The admittance matrix, transfer function, and insertion loss for both IDTs and WTPs in conjunction with a two-port electrical network are all evaluated by the model. Furthermore, some WTPs samples with a piezoelectric substrate of ST-X quartz and IDTs of Al thin film were fabricated to validate the accuracy of the simulation, with a center frequency and a scale of 60 MHz and 0.215, respectively. A comparison of the simulated and measured results found that the relative error of the frequency is only 0.67%, the maximum relative error of the bandwidth is 5.79% and the relative error of the insertion loss is only 1.24%. The experimental results show that the model is extremely accurate in effective frequency band, and its application will accelerate the design and production of WTPs, promoting the use of WTPs in signal processing systems.
One-step fabrication of high-performance graphene composites from graphite solution for bio-scaffolds and flexible strain sensors
Authors: Yu Hang , Zhuang Qibin , Lin Jiawei , Chen Zhuo , Chen Zhiwen , Wang Zhongbao , Zhou Gang , Zhang Shaohua , Lai Yingzhen , Wu Dezhi 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Graphene composites possess great application potential in various fields including flexible electrodes, wearable sensors and biomedical devices owing to their excellent mechanical and electrical properties. However, it remains challenging to fabricate graphene composites-based devices with high consistency due to the gradual aggression effect of graphene during fabrication process. Herein, we propose a method for one-step fabricating graphene/polymer composite-based devices from graphite/polymer solution by using electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing with the Weissenberg effect (EPWE). Taylor–Couette flows with high shearing speed were generated to exfoliate high-quality graphene with a rotating steel microneedle coaxially set in a spinneret tube. The effects of the rotating speed of the needle, spinneret size and precursor ingredients on the graphene concentration were discussed. As a proof of concept, EPWE was used to successfully fabricate graphene/polycaprolactone (PCL) bio-scaffolds with good biocompatibility and graphene/thermoplastic polyurethane strain sensor for detecting human motions with a maximum gauge factor more than 2400 from 40% to 50% strain. As such, this method sheds a new light on one-step in situ fabrication of graphene/polymer composite-based devices from graphite solution with low cost.
Computational study of III–V direct-gap semiconductors for thermoradiative cell applications
Authors: Hanna Muhammad Yusrul , Majidi Muhammad Aziz , Nugraha Ahmad R T 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
We investigate the performance of thermoradiative (TR) cells using the III–V group of semiconductors, which include GaAs, GaSb, InAs, and InP, with the aim of determining their efficiency and finding the best TR cell materials among the III–V group. The TR cells generate electricity from thermal radiation, and their efficiency is influenced by several factors such as the bandgap, temperature difference, and absorption spectrum. To create a realistic model, we incorporate sub-bandgap and heat losses in our calculations and utilize density-functional theory to determine the energy gap and optical properties of each material. Our findings suggest that the absorptivity of the material, especially when the sub-bandgap and heat losses are considered, can decrease the efficiency of TR cells. However, careful treatment of the absorptivity indicates that not all materials have the same trend of decrease in the TR cell efficiency when taking the loss mechanisms into account. We observe that GaSb exhibits the highest power density, while InP demonstrates the lowest one. Moreover, GaAs and InP exhibit relatively high efficiency without the sub-bandgap and heat losses, whereas InAs display lower efficiency without considering the losses, yet exhibit higher resistance to sub-bandgap and heat losses compared to the other materials, thus effectively becoming the best TR cell material in the III–V group of semiconductors.
Analytical modeling and Monte Carlo simulations of multi-parallel slit and knife-edge slit prompt gamma cameras
Authors: Huisman B F B , Muñoz E , Dauvergne D , Létang J M , Sarrut D , Testa É 
Published: May 2023

Abstract

Purpose. Present and validate an analytical model (AM) to calculate efficiency and spatial resolution of multi-parallel slit (MPS) and knife-edge slit (KES) cameras in the context of prompt gamma (PG) imaging in proton therapy, as well as perform a fair comparison between two prototypes of these cameras with their design specifications. Materials and methods. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations with perfect (ideal) conditions were performed to validate the proposed AM, as well as simulations in realistic conditions for the comparison of both prototypes. The spatial resolution obtained from simulations was derived from reconstructed PG profiles. The falloff retrieval precision (FRP) was quantified based on the variability of PG profiles from 50 different realizations. Results. The AM shows that KES and MPS designs fulfilling ‘MPS-KES similar conditions’ should have very close actual performances if the KES slit width corresponds to the half of the MPS slit width. Reconstructed PG profiles from simulated data with both cameras were used to compute the efficiency and spatial resolutions to compare against the model predictions. The FRP of both cameras was calculated with realistic detection conditions for beams with 107, 108 and 109 incident protons. A good agreement was found between the values predicted by the AM and those obtained from MC simulations (relative deviations of the order of 5%). Conclusion. The MPS camera outperforms the KES camera with their design specifications in realistic conditions and both systems can reach millimetric precision in the determination of the falloff position with 108 or more initial protons.
Using ensemble Monte Carlo methods to evaluate non-equilibrium Green’s functions, II. Polar-optical phonons
Authors: Ferry David K 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In semi-classical transport, it has become common practice over the past few decades to use ensemble Monte Carlo methods for the simulation of transport in semiconductor devices. This method utilizes particles while still addressing the full physics within the device, leaving the computational difficulties to the computer. More recently, the study of quantum mechanical effects within the devices, have become important, and have been addressed in semiconductor devices using non-equilibrium Green’s functions (NEGF). In using NEGF, one faces considerable computational difficulties. Recently, a particle approach to NEGF has been suggested and preliminary results presented for non-polar optical phonons in Si, which are very localized scattering centers. Here, the problems with long-range polar-optical phonons are discussed and results of the particle-based simulation are used to examine quantum transport in InN at 300 K.
Exceptional structural and functional stability of Zr-doped REBaCuO tapes with respect to neutron irradiation and overheating
Authors: Jirsa M , Rameš M , Viererbl L , Duchoň J , Ďuran I , Entler S 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The impact of neutron irradiation on the properties of second-generation REBaCuO tapes was studied. The main aim of the present study was to identify the fast neutrons irradiation fluence threshold, φ
th, at which the high-field critical current at low temperatures, I
c (10 K, 8 T), starts degrading. Following up on our previous publication for low irradiation fluences, two new irradiation steps were added. Up to the last but one irradiation step, the T
c in all samples followed a linear dependence on the fast neutrons irradiation fluence, T
c(φ) ≈ T
c(0) − τφ (τ being a numerical constant in units of K/1022 m−2 and φ in 1022 m−2). In parallel, I
c (10 K, 8 T) continuously grew with φ up to the threshold fluence, φ
th ≈ 3× to 4.3 × 1022 m−2. The last gradual irradiation by φ≈ 1.83 × 1022 m−2 brought a severe degradation both in T
c and I
c (10 K, 8 T) in most samples, irrespective of their irradiation history. This effect was attributed to radiation overheating. Annealing of pristine tapes in dilute Ar confirmed this scenario. Two of the SuperPower tapes, doped by Zr, appeared to be exceptionally stable against both types of overheating. The tape doped with 7.5% Zr, T
c(φ) followed the linear dependence up to the highest cumulative fluence φ =6.16 × 1022 m−2, while the I
c (10 K, 8 T) drop was several orders of magnitude lower than in the samples without Zr. TEM study found that the Zr-doped tapes survived the overheating during the last irradiation step in a crystalline form, while all other samples were amorphized.
Displacement current sources as nonlinear interactions in optical nanocircuits
Authors: Kouhpayehzadeh Esfahani Sedigheh , Abdipour Abdolali , Moradi Gholamreza , Askarpour Amir Nader , Alù Andrea 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Optical lumped circuit elements are the building blocks in the metatronics paradigm, whose goal is to extend the rules of RF circuit design into the field of nanophotonics by providing the advantages of lumpedness and modularity. In this paper, we aim at modeling within this framework nonlinear optical processes, based on the concept of optical lumped circuit elements. Displacement current sources are added to the previously introduced optical lumped elements in order to endow metatronics with nonlinear functionalities. This model not only simplifies the analysis of the nonlinear processes, but paves the road to develop nonlinear optical components and devices in this paradigm. Second- and third-order nonlinearities are investigated analytically in the case of a nanosphere. A step by step example of modeling a LiNbO3 nanorod, which is close to a practically realizable structure, is also presented. The results are compared with those of a full-wave simulation and the significance of the proposed model is discussed.
Study of a novel cross linked graft copolymer starch in water-based drilling fluid
Authors: Wu Yu , You Fuchang , Hou Shanshan , Zhou Shusheng 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
In the drilling industry, the demand for environmentally friendly additives with high thermal stability is increasing due to the dual factors of increasing environmental pressure and high-temperature oil layers. However, commonly used non-toxic and biodegradable additives, such as etherified modified starch, cannot withstand temperatures higher than 150 °C. Additionally, natural polymers with better thermal stability obtained through graft modification with sulfonated monomers face challenges in meeting the standards of toxicity and biodegradability. To address these technical problems, a novel graft and crosslink copolymer, St-AA/AM/NVP/MBA (SAANM), was synthesized from corn starch by combining graft modification with a non-sulfonated monomer and cross-linking modification. Laboratory evaluation results confirm that the thermal stability of SAANM in a nitrogen atmosphere was close to 300 °C, and it exhibits excellent temperature resistance up to 170 °C in bentonite-based mud, while also retaining the non-toxic and biodegradable characteristics of starch. The water-based drilling fluid (WBDF), added with SAANM, demonstrated outstanding rheological properties, fluid loss control performance, and environmental friendliness after aging at 170 °C and being polluted by high concentrations of NaCl or CaCl2. The successful application of SAANM in a high-temperature directional well in an offshore oil field confirms its potential for borehole cleaning and wellbore stability.