bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Harnessing wind potential in Covenant University
Authors: Aiyenero E. M. , Usikalu M. R. , Akinwumi S. A. , Adagunodo T. A. , Olawole O. C. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Energy is one of the major necessities for economic growth and development of any nation. It is one of the most demanded commodities globally, which measures the growth of both government and private settings. Due to the emission of greenhouse gases from burning fossil fuels in electricity generation, greater attention has been directed towards the generation and application of renewable sources of energy that can be used with little or no carbon and/or greenhouse gas emission. It is therefore necessary to explore the applicability of renewable energy resources in our local domains. The purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility of using wind turbines in the generation of electricity in Covenant University. This study reports the wind potential in Covenant University and explores the utility that is attainable from the use of wind turbines in Covenant University and its environs. The wind data profile for Covenant University was collected from World Weather Online from May 2017 to May 2022 and then compared with some models of wind turbines. The wind speed data for Kano state was acquired and analyzed to gain insight into the turbine efficiency in Covenant University. The average wind speed in Covenant University over the 5-year period was found to be 3.75 m/s, while the average wind speed in Kano State over a 3-year period was found to be 4.02 m/s. The available data revealed that the wind potential is not sufficient to substantially drive wind energy conversion in Covenant University, especially with turbines of higher ratings.
Shortwave infrared surface plasmons in multilayered two-dimensional Ti3C2T
x
MXenes
Authors: Kwon Jisung , Park Changhoon , Kim Hyerim , Park Nu-Ri , Koo Chong Min , Kim Myung-Ki 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
MXene, an ultra-thin two-dimensional conductive material, has attracted considerable interest in various fields due to its exceptional material properties. In particular, Ti3C2Tx MXene exhibits distinct optical properties, enabling it to support surface plasmons in the shortwave infrared (SWIR) region. However, it is challenging to enhance the field confinement of MXene surface plasmons in a single-interface structure due to the substantial intrinsic absorption of Ti3C2Tx MXene. Herein, we explore various multilayer structures capable of supporting high field confinement of Ti3C2Tx MXene plasmons, including insulator–MXene–insulator (IMI), MXene–insulator–MXene (MIM), and insulator–MXene–insulator–MXene (IMIM) configurations. We observe that the field confinement of MXene plasmons improves as the thickness of either the MXene or insulator layers decreases, which is attributed to the strong coupling between plasmons at the multilayer interfaces. Furthermore, the IMIM structure demonstrates the most substantial enhancement in field confinement. In an IMIM structure with a 1.3 nm-thick MXene monolayer and a 1.0 nm thick SiO2 layer, the wavelength and effective field size of the plasmon at a frequency of 150 THz (λ
0 = 2.0 μm) are calculated to be 24.61 nm and 1.50 nm, respectively. These values demonstrate a reduction by factors of 55 and 596, respectively, compared to those obtained in a single SiO2–MXene interface structure. Multilayer-based MXene plasmons provide a solution for enhancing the field confinement of MXene plasmons in the SWIR region, and we expect them to play a crucial role in a variety of 2D material-based SWIR plasmonic applications.
Cumulative Experience of Neighborhood Walkability and Change in Weight and Waist Circumference in REGARDS
Authors: Rundle Andrew G , Neckerman Kathryn M , Judd Suzanne E , Colabianchi Natalie , Moore Kari A , Quinn James W , Hirsch Jana A , Lovasi Gina S 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Neighborhood walkability—features of the built environment that promote pedestrian activity—has been associated with greater physical activity and lower body mass index (BMI; calculated as weight (kg)/height (m)2) among neighborhood residents. However, much of the literature has been cross-sectional and only a few cohort studies have assessed neighborhood features throughout follow-up. Using data from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study (2003–2016) and a neighborhood walkability index (NWI) measured annually during follow-up, we assessed whether the cumulative experience of neighborhood walkability (NWI-years) predicted BMI and waist circumference after approximately 10 years of follow-up, controlling for these anthropometric measures at enrollment. Analyses were adjusted for individual-level sociodemographic covariates and the cumulative experience of neighborhood poverty rate and neighborhood greenspace coverage. Almost a third (29%) of participants changed address at least once during follow-up. The first change of residence, on average, brought the participants to neighborhoods with higher home values and lower NWI scores than their originating neighborhoods. Compared with those having experienced the lowest quartile of cumulative NWI-years, those who experienced the highest quartile had 0.83 lower BMI (95% confidence interval, –1.5, −0.16) and 1.07-cm smaller waist circumference (95% confidence interval, –1.96, –0.19) at follow-up. These analyses provide additional longitudinal evidence that residential neighborhood features that support pedestrian activity are associated with lower adiposity.
Concha-Type Microtia: New Surgical Incision
Authors: Ibrahiem Saad Mohamed Saad 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
Reconstruction of auricles for conchal-type microtia is challenging but rewarding. Many plastic surgeons consider autogenous rib cartilage as the standard material for framework fabrication. A healthy, scar-free skin envelope and a defined cartilaginous framework are also critical to successful ear reconstruction.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to improve the outcome of the reconstruction and minimize complications by proposing a new surgical incision.

Methods
Thirty-three patients who underwent auricular reconstruction of concha-type microtia of various etiologies with the new skin flap incision between 2017 and 2022 were included in the study. Patients’ clinical data, detailed surgical techniques, and postoperative care were recorded.

Results
Thirty-three patients (21 male, 12 female) were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the patients was 21.51 years at the time of reconstruction. The microtia was on the right side in 17 cases, on the left side in 12 cases, and 4 cases were bilateral; 12 cases were traumatic amputations of the helical component of the auricle, 11 cases were deformities after a burn, and 10 cases were congenital. The mean follow-up time was 17.43 months. A good initial projection without obvious scarring on the anterior surface of the auricle was achieved, with an overall complication rate of 5.42%.

Conclusions
The surgical incision recommended in the study improves the final aesthetic result of the technique without any additional surgical risk.

Level of Evidence: 4
Deep enhanced constraint clustering based on contrastive learning for scRNA-seq data
Authors: Gan Yanglan , Chen Yuhan , Xu Guangwei , Guo Wenjing , Zou Guobing 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) measures transcriptome-wide gene expression at single-cell resolution. Clustering analysis of scRNA-seq data enables researchers to characterize cell types and states, shedding new light on cell-to-cell heterogeneity in complex tissues. Recently, self-supervised contrastive learning has become a prominent technique for underlying feature representation learning. However, for the noisy, high-dimensional and sparse scRNA-seq data, existing methods still encounter difficulties in capturing the intrinsic patterns and structures of cells, and seldom utilize prior knowledge, resulting in clusters that mismatch with the real situation. To this end, we propose scDECL, a novel deep enhanced constraint clustering algorithm for scRNA-seq data analysis based on contrastive learning and pairwise constraints. Specifically, based on interpolated contrastive learning, a pre-training model is trained to learn the feature embedding, and then perform clustering according to the constructed enhanced pairwise constraint. In the pre-training stage, a mixup data augmentation strategy and interpolation loss is introduced to improve the diversity of the dataset and the robustness of the model. In the clustering stage, the prior information is converted into enhanced pairwise constraints to guide the clustering. To validate the performance of scDECL, we compare it with six state-of-the-art algorithms on six real scRNA-seq datasets. The experimental results demonstrate the proposed algorithm outperforms the six competing methods. In addition, the ablation studies on each module of the algorithm indicate that these modules are complementary to each other and effective in improving the performance of the proposed algorithm. Our method scDECL is implemented in Python using the Pytorch machine-learning library, and it is freely available at https://github.com/DBLABDHU/scDECL.
GRETTA: an R package for mapping in silico genetic interaction and essentiality networks
Authors: Takemon Yuka , Marra Marco A 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Mapping genetic interactions and essentiality networks in human cell lines have been used to identify vulnerabilities of cells carrying specific genetic alterations and to associate novel functions to genes, respectively. In vitro and in vivo genetic screens to decipher these networks are resource-intensive, limiting the throughput of samples that can be analyzed. In this application note, we provide an R package we call Genetic inteRaction and EssenTiality neTwork mApper (GRETTA). GRETTA is an accessible tool for in silico genetic interaction screens and essentiality network analyses using publicly available data, requiring only basic R programming knowledge.

Availability and implementation
The R package, GRETTA, is licensed under GNU General Public License v3.0 and freely available at https://github.com/ytakemon/GRETTA and https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6940757, with documentation and tutorial. A Singularity container is also available at https://cloud.sylabs.io/library/ytakemon/gretta/gretta.

Supplementary information
Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Association between Kidney Donor Risk Index, kidney graft function and histological changes in early post-transplant graft biopsy
Authors: Słabiak-Błaż Natalia , Kujawa-Szewieczek Agata , Kolonko Aureliusz , Ziółkowska Joanna , Karkoszka Henryk , Więcek Andrzej , Piecha Grzegorz 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACT

Background
Proper assessment of donor organ quality is crucial for optimal kidney allocation and best long-term outcomes. The aim of this study was to analyze the association between the Kidney Donor Risk Index (KDRI) and histological parameters in early post-transplant graft biopsy in a Polish cohort of kidney transplant recipients.

Methods
In 418 consecutive kidney transplant recipients, a histological evaluation of very early [at median 11 (9–13) post-transplant day] protocol core needle biopsy was performed and analyzed according to the Banff classification. Subjects were divided into quartiles of the KDRI value. Kidney graft function, patient and graft survival were also analyzed over a median follow-up period of 44 (26–56) months.

Results
There was a significant trend toward greater intensity of chronic histology changes along the KDRI quartiles (χ2 = 20.8; P &lt; .001), including interstitial fibrosis, tubular atrophy, mesangial matrix increase and arteriolar hyalinosis. Stepwise multivariate regression analysis revealed that only higher KDRI value independently increased the severity of chronic graft injury (rpartial = 0.340, P &lt; .001). KDRI values were valuable in the determination of both early and long-term graft function.

Conclusion
The KDRI values correlate with chronic histological changes found in early post-implantation kidney biopsies and can also be helpful in the prediction of graft outcome.
Correlation distances in social networks
Authors: MacCarron Pádraig , Mannion Shane , Platini Thierry 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
In this work, we explore degree assortativity in complex networks, and extend its usual definition beyond that of nearest neighbours. We apply this definition to model networks, and describe a rewiring algorithm that induces assortativity. We compare these results to real networks. Social networks in particular tend to be assortatively mixed by degree in contrast to many other types of complex networks. However, we show here that these positive correlations diminish after one step and in most of the empirical networks analysed. Properties besides degree support this, such as the number of papers in scientific coauthorship networks, with no correlations beyond nearest neighbours. Beyond next-nearest neighbours we also observe a disassortative tendency for nodes three steps away indicating that nodes at that distance are more likely different than similar.
Realizing credible remote agricultural auditing with trusted video technology
Authors: Mahmud Redowan , Scarsbrook Joshua D , Ko Ryan K L , Jarkas Omar , Hall Josh , Smith Stuart , Marshall Jonathan 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
The conventional approaches of auditing agricultural commodities from the production and transportation level to the retailers and consumers often get obstructed by the lack of human resources, delayed response, and high frequency of location updates—resulting in poor quality and safety compliance. Its digital transformation, known as remote auditing, could address these limitations to a greater extent; however, it is still subject to diverse cyberattacks, including tampering with the video streams provided for verification. Since a detailed and concurrent forensic examination of videos during remote auditing significantly increases the computational burden on the network and infrastructure, alternative or complementary solutions should be developed. This paper outlines the technical feasibility of applying digital signatures over live video streams as a way to authenticate the source during remote auditing and thus contributes to limiting the scope of potential cyber threats. It proposes design options for realizing the authentication process with trusted computing technologies at different phases, from signing the videos to transmitting them through unreliable networks. A reference prototype is also developed based on the proposed end-to-end design to quantify the performance of trusted remote agricultural auditing in terms of the frame signing time, attack resistance, and resource overhead.
Douglas-fir Exhibits High Growth Performance and Survival in Southern Chile
Authors: Espinoza Sergio E , Quiroz Iván A , Magni Carlos R , Yáñez Marco A , Ivkovic Milos , Ipinza Roberto H 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe evaluated the potential of 19 provenances of the coastal variety of Douglas-fir for commercial plantation development in Southern Chile. Seedlings from 668 families were planted in two trials differing in site preparation and previous land use conditions. Height (H), diameter at breast height (DBH), stem volume index (VOL), and survival (SUR) were measured on all trees at the age of 10 years. Provenances from west of the Cascade Crest in Washington and Oregon performed the best at both sites, whereas provenances from east of the Cascade Crest were among the worst. Differences among provenances were not large and average H, DBH, VOL, and SUR across all provenances were 7.3 m, 11.9 cm, 0.06 m3, and 82%, respectively. The results indicate good potential of the species at sites in Southern Chile characterized by high levels of precipitation. Seed sources from coastal Washington and Oregon could provide appropriate planting material under current climate conditions.Study Implications: This study examined the performance in growth and survival of different provenances of Douglas-fir with the intention to inform foresters which are the most appropriate provenances for planting activities. The provenances tested had an average survival of 82%. Provenances originating from west of the Cascade Crest in Washington and Oregon were the best performing provenances in the study area and can be used as planting material for the establishment of large-scale plantations.
Evolution of chemosensory and detoxification gene families across herbivorous Drosophilidae
Authors: Peláez Julianne N , Gloss Andrew D , Goldman-Huertas Benjamin , Kim Bernard , Lapoint Richard T , Pimentel-Solorio Giovani , Verster Kirsten I , Aguilar Jessica M , Nelson Dittrich Anna C , Singhal Malvika , Suzuki Hiromu C , Matsunaga Teruyuki , Armstrong Ellie E , Charboneau Joseph L M , Groen Simon C , Hembry David H , Ochoa Christopher J , O’Connor Timothy K , Prost Stefan , Zaaijer Sophie , Nabity Paul D , Wang Jiarui , Rodas Esteban , Liang Irene , Whiteman Noah K 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Herbivorous insects are exceptionally diverse, accounting for a quarter of all known eukaryotic species, but the genomic basis of adaptations that enabled this dietary transition remains poorly understood. Many studies have suggested that expansions and contractions of chemosensory and detoxification gene families—genes directly mediating interactions with plant chemical defenses—underlie successful plant colonization. However, this hypothesis has been challenging to test because the origins of herbivory in many insect lineages are ancient (&gt;150 million years ago (mya)), obscuring genomic evolutionary patterns. Here, we characterized chemosensory and detoxification gene family evolution across Scaptomyza, a genus nested within Drosophila that includes a recently derived (&lt;15 mya) herbivore lineage of mustard (Brassicales) specialists and carnation (Caryophyllaceae) specialists, and several nonherbivorous species. Comparative genomic analyses revealed that herbivorous Scaptomyza has among the smallest chemosensory and detoxification gene repertoires across 12 drosophilid species surveyed. Rates of gene turnover averaged across the herbivore clade were significantly higher than background rates in over half of the surveyed gene families. However, gene turnover was more limited along the ancestral herbivore branch, with only gustatory receptors and odorant-binding proteins experiencing strong losses. The genes most significantly impacted by gene loss, duplication, or changes in selective constraint were those involved in detecting compounds associated with feeding on living plants (bitter or electrophilic phytotoxins) or their ancestral diet (fermenting plant volatiles). These results provide insight into the molecular and evolutionary mechanisms of plant-feeding adaptations and highlight gene candidates that have also been linked to other dietary transitions in Drosophila.
On Some Systems of Equations in Abelian Varieties
Authors: Gallinaro Francesco Paolo 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We solve a case of the Abelian Exponential-Algebraic Closedness Conjecture, a conjecture due to Bays and Kirby, building on work of Zilber, which predicts sufficient conditions for systems of equations involving algebraic operations and the exponential map of an abelian variety to be solvable in the complex numbers. More precisely, we show that the conjecture holds for subvarieties of the tangent bundle of an abelian variety $A$, which split as the product of a linear subspace of the Lie algebra of $A$ and an algebraic variety. This is motivated by work of Zilber and of Bays–Kirby, which establishes that a positive answer to the conjecture would imply quasiminimality of certain structures on the complex numbers. Our proofs use various techniques from homology (duality between cup product and intersection), differential topology (transversality), and o-minimality (definability of Hausdorff limits), hence we have tried to give a self-contained exposition.
Determinants of Conflict-Related Sexual Violence: A Meta-Reanalysis Distinguishing Two Classes of Zero Observations
Authors: Ju Changwook 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Existing databases on conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) feature a disproportionate number of “zero” observations, which conflate a true absence of CRSV with an unknown presence of CRSV. Empirical studies model such zeros as solely indicating a lack of CRSV, thereby obscuring what needs to be known about its determinants and patterns. In this article, I present a comprehensive meta-reanalysis of quantitative CRSV studies that have disregarded the two-fold nature of excessive zeros in their data. To redress this neglect, I differentiate the two types of zeros probabilistically and then estimate the prevalence of CRSV conditional on the statistical partitioning of its two zero types. My meta-reanalysis refines previous findings, restoring confidence in intuitive theoretical expectations and resolving inconclusive and unexpected results in the field. It also dispels potential misconceptions by providing alternative evidence and explanations. Overall, distinguishing the two classes of zeros in estimation yields more informed results, making substantial contributions to scholarly understanding of CRSV while avoiding spurious confirmations and disconfirmations.