bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Environmental risk factors of systemic lupus erythematosus: a case–control study
Authors: Refai Rania H. , Hussein Mohammed F. , Abdou Mamdouh H. , Abou-Raya Anna N. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complicated chronic autoimmune disorder. Several genetic and environmental factors were suggested to be implicated in its pathogenesis. The main objective of this study was to examine how exposure to selected environmental factors was associated with SLE risk to support the development of disease preventive strategies. A case–control study was conducted at the Rheumatology outpatient clinic of Alexandria Main University Hospital, in Alexandria, Egypt. The study sample consisted of 29 female SLE patients, and 27 healthy female controls, who matched the cases on age and parity. Data were collected by a structured interviewing questionnaire. Blood levels of lead, cadmium, and zinc of all participants were assessed by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The multivariate stepwise logistic regression model revealed that five factors showed significant association with SLE, namely living near agricultural areas, passive smoking, blood lead levels ≥ 0.075 mg/L, and exposure to sunlight (odds ratio (OR) 58.556, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.897–1807.759, OR 24.116, 95% CI 1.763–329.799, OR 18.981, 95% CI 1.228–293.364, OR 9.549, 95% CI 1.299–70.224, respectively). Whereas walking or doing exercise were significantly protective factors (P = 0.006). The findings of this study add to the evidence that SLE can be environmentally induced. Preventive measures should be taken to address the environmental risk factors of SLE.
2019–2020 H1N1 clade A5a.1 viruses have better in vitro fitness compared with the co-circulating A5a.2 clade
Authors: Swanson Nicholas J. , Marinho Paula , Dziedzic Amanda , Jedlicka Anne , Liu Hsuan , Fenstermacher Katherine , Rothman Richard , Pekosz Andrew 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSurveillance for emerging human influenza virus clades is important for identifying changes in viral fitness and assessing antigenic similarity to vaccine strains. While fitness and antigenic structure are both important aspects of virus success, they are distinct characteristics and do not always change in a complementary manner. The 2019–2020 Northern Hemisphere influenza season saw the emergence of two H1N1 clades: A5a.1 and A5a.2. While several studies indicated that A5a.2 showed similar or even increased antigenic drift compared with A5a.1, the A5a.1 clade was still the predominant circulating clade that season. Clinical isolates of representative viruses from these clades were collected in Baltimore, Maryland during the 2019–2020 season and multiple assays were performed to compare both antigenic drift and viral fitness between clades. Neutralization assays performed on serum from healthcare workers pre- and post-vaccination during the 2019–2020 season show a comparable drop in neutralizing titers against both A5a.1 and A5a.2 viruses compared with the vaccine strain, indicating that A5a.1 did not have antigenic advantages over A5a.2 that would explain its predominance in this population. Plaque assays were performed to investigate fitness differences, and the A5a.2 virus produced significantly smaller plaques compared with viruses from A5a.1 or the parental A5a clade. To assess viral replication, low MOI growth curves were performed on both MDCK-SIAT and primary differentiated human nasal epithelial cell cultures. In both cell cultures, A5a.2 yielded significantly reduced viral titers at multiple timepoints post-infection compared with A5a.1 or A5a. Receptor binding was then investigated through glycan array experiments which showed a reduction in receptor binding diversity for A5a.2, with fewer glycans bound and a higher percentage of total binding attributable to the top three highest bound glycans. Together these data indicate that the A5a.2 clade had a reduction in viral fitness, including reductions in receptor binding, that may have contributed to the limited prevalence observed after emergence.
Resting heart rate and antisocial behaviour: a Mendelian randomisation study
Authors: Karwatowska Lucy , Frach Leonard , Schoeler Tabea , Tielbeek Jorim J. , Murray Joseph , de Geus Eco , Viding Essi , Pingault Jean-Baptiste 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObservational studies frequently report phenotypic associations between low resting heart rate (RHR) and higher levels of antisocial behaviour (ASB), although it remains unclear whether this relationship reflects causality. To triangulate evidence, we conducted two-sample univariable Mendelian randomisation (MR), multivariable MR and linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) analyses. Genetic data were accessed from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for RHR (n = 458,835) and ASB (n = 85,359) for the univariable analyses, along with a third GWAS for heart rate variability (HRV; n = 53,174) for all other analyses. Genome-wide significant (p < 5 × 10−8) single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with RHR (n = 278) were selected as instrumental variables and the outcome was a composite measure of ASB. No causal association was observed between RHR and ASB (BIVW =  − 0.0004, p = 0.841). The multivariable MR analyses including RHR and HRV also suggested no causal associations (BIVW = 0.016, p = 0.914) and no genetic correlations between the heart rate measures and ASB were observed using LDSC (rg = 0.057, p = 0.169). Sensitivity analyses suggested that our results are not likely to be affected by heterogeneity, pleiotropic effects, or reverse causation. These findings suggest that individual differences in autonomic nervous system functioning indexed by RHR are not likely to directly contribute to the development of ASB. Therefore, previously observed associations between RHR and ASB may arise from confounding, reverse causation, and/or additional study characteristics. Further causally informative longitudinal research is required to confirm our findings, and caution should be applied when using measures of RHR in interventions targeting ASB.
An innovative probabilistic hesitant fuzzy set MCDM perspective for selecting flexible packaging bags after the prohibition on single-use plastics
Authors: Jeon Jeonghwan , Krishnan Suvitha , Manirathinam Thangaraj , Narayanamoorthy Samayan , Nazir Ahmad Mohammad , Ferrara Massimiliano , Ahmadian Ali 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe probabilistic hesitant elements (PHFEs) are a beneficial augmentation to the hesitant fuzzy element (HFE), which is intended to give decision-makers more flexibility in expressing their biases while using hesitant fuzzy information. To extrapolate a more accurate interpretation of the decision documentation, it is sufficient to standardize the organization of the elements in PHFEs without introducing fictional elements. Several processes for unifying and arranging components in PHFEs have been proposed so far, but most of them result in various disadvantages that are critically explored in this paper. The primary objective of this research is to recommend a PHFE unification procedure that avoids the deficiencies of operational practices while maintaining the inherent properties of PHFE probabilities. The prevailing study advances the hypothesis of permutation on PHFEs by suggesting a new sort of PHFS division and subtraction compared with the existing unification procedure. Eventually, the proposed PHFE-unification process will be used in this study, an innovative PHFEs based on the Weighted Aggregated Sum Product Assessment Method–Analytic Hierarchy Process (WASPAS–AHP) perspective for selecting flexible packaging bags after the prohibition on single-use plastics. As a result, we have included the PHFEs-WASPAS in our selection of the most effective fuzzy environment for bio-plastic bags. The ranking results for the suggested PHFEs-MCDM techniques surpassed the existing AHP methods in the research study by providing the best solution. Our solutions offer the best bio-plastic bag alternative strategy for mitigating environmental impacts.
Facile synthesis of spongy NiCo2O4 powders for lithium-ion storage
Authors: Mahboubi H. , Masoudpanah S. M. , Alamolhoda S. , Hasheminiasari M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSpongy NiCo2O4powders were prepared by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) method for lithium ions storage. The effects of combustion parameters including fuel type (l-lysine, glycine, and urea) and fuel amount on the lithium storage performance of NiCo2O4powders were analyzed by various characterization techniques. Single-phase NiCo2O4powders with extremely porous microstructure showed a strong drop of initial specific capacity up to 350 mAhg−1which was recovered up to 666 mAhg−1following 100 charge/discharge cycles. However, the NiCo2O4powders prepared by the urea andl-lysine fuels with the compacted microstructure showed the capacity loss without any recovery. The spongy NiCo2O4powders showed an acceptable capability rate performance (404 mAhg−1@ 400 mAg−1).
Early Cretaceous lepidosaur (sphenodontian?) burrows
Authors: Melchor Ricardo , Perez Mariano , Villegas Pablo , Espinoza Nahuel , Umazano Aldo , Cardonatto M. Cristina 
Published: June 2023

AbstractScarce fossil tetrapod burrows have been recorded in Cretaceous rocks, which is probably linked to the dominant equable climates that existed for most of this period. The occurrence of Cretaceous tetrapod burrows from Patagonia (Chubut Province, Argentina) dated between 118 and 115 million years ago, gives insights into their paleoecology and paleoenvironment. The rocks containing the tetrapod burrows are of pyroclastic origin and represent eolian dunes and ash-fall deposits, some reworked by fluvial currents and others showing soil development. Fossil burrow casts preserved in a paleosol are composed by a ramp with a slightly curved or straight path in plan-view and lacking bifurcation, a rounded termination with no enlargement, showing a reniform cross-section, and are assigned to the ichnospeciesReniformichnus katikatii.The strongly flattened cross-sectional shape of the burrow casts and comparison with modern lizard burrows suggest that the producers were lepidosaurs (body mass = 50–323 g). Among Cretaceous fossorial lepidosaurs from Patagonia, the best candidate is an eilenodontine sphenodontian. Sphenodontians burrowed in the fossil soils where also arthropods, earthworms and shrubby plants thrived. The rare occurrence of tetrapod burrows in Cretaceous rocks is linked to stressing conditions related to frequent arrival of volcanic ash and a semiarid seasonal climate.
Absorbance biosensors-based hybrid $$\mathbf {MoS_{2}}$$ nanosheets for Escherichia coli detection
Authors: Nguyen Son Hai , Vu Phan Kim Thi , Tran Mai Thi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractDetecting Escherichia coli is essential in biomedical, environmental, and food safety applications. In this paper, we have developed a simple, rapid, sensitive, and selective E. coli DNA sensor based on the novel hybrid-type $$\text {MoS}_\text {2}$$

MoS
2

and $$\mathrm {(NH_4)_6Mo_7O_{24}}$$

(

NH
4

)

6

Mo
7

O
24

nanosheets. The sensor uses the absorbance measurement to distinguish among the DNA of E. coli, Vibrio proteolyticus, and Bacillus subtilis when implemented in conjunction with $$\text {NH}_\text {2}$$

NH
2

-probes. Our experiments showed that the absorbance increased when sensors detected E. coli DNA, whereas it decreased when sensors detected V. proteolyticus and B. subtilis DNA. To the best of authors’ knowledge, there are no reports using the novel hybrid-$$\mathrm {MoS_2}$$

MoS
2

and $$\mathrm {(NH_4)_6Mo_7O_{24}}$$

(

NH
4

)

6

Mo
7

O
24

materials for differentiating three types of DNA using cost-effective and rapid absorbance measurements. In addition, the label-free E. coli DNA biosensor exhibited a linear response in the range of 0 fM to 11.65 fM with a limit of detection of 2 fM. The effect of $$\text {NH}_\text {2}$$

NH
2

-probes on our sensors’ working performance is also investigated. Our results will facilitate further research in pathogen detection applications, which have not been fully developed yet.
Cellular senescence in white matter microglia is induced during ageing in mice and exacerbates the neuroinflammatory phenotype
Authors: Matsudaira Tatsuyuki , Nakano Sosuke , Konishi Yusuke , Kawamoto Shimpei , Uemura Ken , Kondo Tamae , Sakurai Koki , Ozawa Takaaki , Hikida Takatoshi , Komine Okiru , Yamanaka Koji , Fujita Yuki , Yamashita Toshihide , Matsumoto Tomonori , Hara Eiji 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCellular senescence, a state of irreversible cell-cycle arrest caused by a variety of cellular stresses, is critically involved in age-related tissue dysfunction in various organs. However, the features of cells in the central nervous system that undergo senescence and their role in neural impairment are not well understood as yet. Here, through comprehensive investigations utilising single-cell transcriptome analysis and various mouse models, we show that microglia, particularly in the white matter, undergo cellular senescence in the brain and spinal cord during ageing and in disease models involving demyelination. Microglial senescence is predominantly detected in disease-associated microglia, which appear in ageing and neurodegenerative diseases. We also find that commensal bacteria promote the accumulation of senescent microglia and disease-associated microglia during ageing. Furthermore, knockout ofp16INK4a, a key senescence inducer, ameliorates the neuroinflammatory phenotype in damaged spinal cords in mice. These results advance our understanding of the role of cellular senescence in the central nervous system and open up possibilities for the treatment of age-related neural disorders.
Optical conductivity and orbital magnetization of Floquet vortex states
Authors: Ahmadabadi Iman , Dehghani Hossein , Hafezi Mohammad 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMotivated by recent experimental demonstrations of Floquet topological insulators, there have been several theoretical proposals for using structured light, either spatial or spectral, to create other properties such as flat bands and vortex states. In particular, the generation of vortex states in a massive Dirac fermion insulator irradiated by light carrying nonzero orbital angular momentum (OAM) has been proposed. Here, we evaluate the orbital magnetization and optical conductivity as physical observables for such a system. We show that the OAM of light induces nonzero orbital magnetization and current density. The orbital magnetization density increases linearly as a function of the OAM degree. In certain regimes, we find that orbital magnetization density is independent of the system size, width, and Rabi frequency of light. It is shown that the orbital magnetization arising from our Floquet theory is large and can be probed by magnetometry measurements. Furthermore, we study the optical conductivity for various types of electron transitions between different states such as vortex, edge, and bulk that are present in the system. Based on the peaks in conductance, a scheme for the detection of vortex states is proposed.
Satisfaction with urban trees associates with tree canopy cover and tree visibility around the home
Authors: Ordóñez Camilo , Labib S. M. , Chung Lincoln , Conway Tenley M. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMany world cities want to expand the number of urban trees. How this expansion occurs should consider what people expect from trees based on how they experience and perceive these trees. Therefore, we need a better understanding of how people perceptually respond to urban tree abundance. This research examined whether people’s satisfaction with urban trees and satisfaction with the management of those trees were related to objective measures of greenery such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), percent tree canopy cover, and the Viewshed Greenness Visibility Index (VGVI) for trees. We used a demographically and geographically representative survey of 223 residents in Toronto, Canada, and calculated NDVI, canopy cover, and VGVI at three neighbourhood sizes. We analysed the data using generalized linear regression. We found that canopy cover and VGVI had a positive association with satisfaction with urban trees. The associations were comparatively stronger at larger neighbourhood scales than at smaller scales. There were no statistically significant associations with NDVI or satisfaction with the management of urban trees.
Dirac nodal arc in 1T-VSe2
Authors: Yilmaz Turgut , Jiang Xuance , Lu Deyu , Sheverdyaeva Polina M. , Matetskiy Andrey V. , Moras Paolo , Mazzola Federico , Vobornik Ivana , Fujii Jun , Evans-Lutterodt Kenneth , Vescovo Elio 
Published: June 2023

AbstractTransition metal dichalcogenides exhibit many fascinating properties including superconductivity, magnetic orders, and charge density wave. The combination of these features with a non-trivial band topology opens the possibility of additional exotic states such as Majorana fermions and quantum anomalous Hall effect. Here, we report on photon-energy and polarization dependent spin-resolved angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy experiments on single crystal 1T-VSe2, revealing an unexpected band inversion and emergent Dirac nodal arc with spin-momentum locking. Density functional theory calculations suggest a surface lattice strain could be the driving mechanism for the topologically nontrivial electronic structure of 1T-VSe2.
Rapidly adaptable automated interpretation of point-of-care COVID-19 diagnostics
Authors: Arumugam Siddarth , Ma Jiawei , Macar Uzay , Han Guangxing , McAulay Kathrine , Ingram Darrell , Ying Alex , Chellani Harshit Harpaldas , Chern Terry , Reilly Kenta , Colburn David A. M. , Stanciu Robert , Duffy Craig , Williams Ashley , Grys Thomas , Chang Shih-Fu , Sia Samuel K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPoint-of-care diagnostic devices, such as lateral-flow assays, are becoming widely used by the public. However, efforts to ensure correct assay operation and result interpretation rely on hardware that cannot be easily scaled or image processing approaches requiring large training datasets, necessitating large numbers of tests and expert labeling with validated specimens for every new test kit format.MethodsWe developed a software architecture called AutoAdapt POC that integrates automated membrane extraction, self-supervised learning, and few-shot learning to automate the interpretation of POC diagnostic tests using smartphone cameras in a scalable manner. A base model pre-trained on a single LFA kit is adapted to five different COVID-19 tests (three antigen, two antibody) using just 20 labeled images.ResultsHere we show AutoAdapt POC to yield 99% to 100% accuracy over 726 tests (350 positive, 376 negative). In a COVID-19 drive-through study with 74 untrained users self-testing, 98% found image collection easy, and the rapidly adapted models achieved classification accuracies of 100% on both COVID-19 antigen and antibody test kits. Compared with traditional visual interpretation on 105 test kit results, the algorithm correctly identified 100% of images; without a false negative as interpreted by experts. Finally, compared to a traditional convolutional neural network trained on an HIV test kit, the algorithm showed high accuracy while requiring only 1/50th of the training images.ConclusionsThe study demonstrates how rapid domain adaptation in machine learning can provide quality assurance, linkage to care, and public health tracking for untrained users across diverse POC diagnostic tests.
Glowstick-inspired smartphone-readable reporters for sensitive, multiplexed lateral flow immunoassays
Authors: Brosamer Kristen , Kourentzi Katerina , Willson Richard C. , Vu Binh V. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has increased demand for point-of-care (POC) screening tests such as lateral flow assays (LFAs) and highlighted the need for sensitive and cost-effective POC diagnostic platforms. Here, we demonstrate an LFA platform using standard fluorescent nanoparticle reporters in which optical excitation is replaced by chemical excitation using the peroxyoxalate-based chemistry of inexpensive, shelf-stable glowsticks. The one-step chemi-excitation of fluorescent particles produces visible light readable by an unmodified smartphone, enhancing sensitivity while preserving simplicity and cost-effectiveness. Our Glow LFA detected the common model analyte human chorionic gonadotropin with a limit of detection (LoD) of 39 pg/mL—over ten times more sensitive than standard gold nanoparticles using the same antibodies. We also demonstrate its application to the detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein at 100 pg/mL in nasal swab extract. Multiple fluorescent dyes can be chemi-excited by a single reagent, allowing for color multiplexing on a single LFA strip with a smartphone camera. The detection of three analytes on a single LFA test line was demonstrated using red, green, and blue fluorescent reporter particles, making glow LFA a promising platform for multiplexed detection.
Tunable luminescence in Eu3+/Sm3+ single-doped LuNbO4 for optical thermometry and anti-counterfeiting
Authors: Chen Yuqi , Xue Yu , Mao Qinan , Pei Lang , Ding Yang , Zhu Yiwen , Liu Meijiao , Zhong Jiasong 
Published: June 2023

Tunable luminescence in Eu3+/Sm3+ single-doped self-activated fluorescent materials for optical thermometry and anti-counterfeiting.
Automation of Language Sample Analysis
Authors: Liu Houjun , MacWhinney Brian , Fromm Davida , Lanzi Alyssa 
Published: June 2023

Purpose:A major barrier to the wider use of language sample analysis (LSA) is the fact that transcription is very time intensive. Methods that can reduce the required time and effort could help in promoting the use of LSA for clinical practice and research.Method:This article describes an automated pipeline, called Batchalign, that takes raw audio and creates full transcripts in Codes for the Human Analysis of Talk (CHAT) transcription format, complete with utterance- and word-level time alignments and morphosyntactic analysis. The pipeline only requires major human intervention for final checking. It combines a series of existing tools with additional novel reformatting processes. The steps in the pipeline are (a) automatic speech recognition, (b) utterance tokenization, (c) automatic corrections, (d) speaker ID assignment, (e) forced alignment, (f) user adjustments, and (g) automatic morphosyntactic and profiling analyses.Results:For work with recordings from adults with language disorders, six major results were obtained: (a) The word error rate was between 2.4% for controls and 3.4% for patients, (b) utterance tokenization accuracy was at the level reported for speakers without language disorders, (c) word-level diarization accuracy was at 93% for control participants and 83% for participants with language disorders, (d) utterance-level diarization accuracy based on word-level diarization was high, (e) adherence to CHAT format was fully accurate, and (f) human transcriber time was reduced by up to 75%.Conclusion:The pipeline dramatically shortens the time gap between data collection and data analysis and provides an output superior to that typically generated by human transcribers.