bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparative evaluation of loop‐mediated isothermal amplification and PCR for detection of Esox lucius housekeeping genes for use in on‐site environmental monitoring
Authors: Jothinarayanan Nivedhitha , Karlsen Frank , Roseng Lars Eric 
Published: June 2023

AbstractEsox lucius (northern pike) is an invasive species in fresh water and causes extreme impacts in the local habitat. Northern pike easily replaces the local native species and disrupts the regional ecosystem. Traditionally, in connection with environmental monitoring, invasive species are identified using PCR through species‐specific DNA. PCR involves many cycles of heating to amplify the target DNA and requires complex equipment; on the contrary, loop‐mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) entails isothermal amplification, which means the target needs to be heated to only one temperature between 60 and 65°C. In this study, the authors conducted a LAMP assay and a conventional PCR assay to determine which technique is less time consuming, more sensitive and reliable for use in real‐time and on‐site environmental monitoring. Mitochondrial gene cytochrome b, an essential factor in electron transport; histone (H2B), a nuclear DNA responsible for the chromatin structure; and glyceraldehyde 3‐phosphate dehydrogenase involved in energy metabolism are taken as the reference genes for this article. The results show that LAMP is more sensitive and less time consuming than the conventional PCR, and thus it can be used for the detection of northern pike in aquatic ecosystems related to environmental monitoring.
Increase in skeletal muscular adiposity and cognitive decline in a biracial cohort of older men and women
Authors: Rosano Caterina , Newman Anne , Santanasto Adam , Zhu Xiaonan , Goodpaster Bret , Miljkovic Iva 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundObesity and loss of muscle mass are emerging as risk factors for dementia, but the role of adiposity infiltrating skeletal muscles is less clear. Skeletal muscle adiposity increases with older age and especially among Black women, a segment of the US population who is also at higher risk for dementia.MethodsIn 1634 adults (69–79 years, 48% women, 35% Black), we obtained thigh intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) via computerized tomography at Years 1 and 6, and mini‐mental state exam (3MS) at Years 1, 3, 5, 8 and 10. Linear mixed effects models tested the hypothesis that increased IMAT (Year 1–6) would be associated with 3MS decline (Year 5–10). Models were adjusted for traditional dementia risk factors at Year 1 (3MS, education, APOe4 allele, diabetes, hypertension, and physical activity), with interactions between IMAT change by race or sex. To assess the influence of other muscle and adiposity characteristics, models accounted for change in muscle strength, muscle area, body weight, abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adiposity, and total body fat mass (all measured in Years 1 and 6). Models were also adjusted for cytokines related to adiposity: leptin, adiponectin, and interleukin‐6.ResultsThigh IMAT increased by 4.85 cm2 (Year 1–6) and 3MS declined by 3.20 points (Year 6–10). The association of IMAT increase with 3MS decline was statistically significant: an IMAT increase of 4.85 cm2 corresponded to a 3MS decline of an additional 3.60 points (p < 0.0001), indicating a clinically important change. Interactions by race and sex were not significant.ConclusionsClinicians should be aware that regional adiposity accumulating in the skeletal muscle may be an important, novel risk factor for cognitive decline in Black and White participants independent of changes to muscle strength, body composition and traditional dementia risk factors.
Autoimmune nodo‐paranodopathies 10 years later: Clinical features, pathophysiology and treatment
Authors: Uncini Antonino 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsAutoimmune neuropathies are classified, on the basis of pathophysiology, as demyelinating or axonal. The term nodo‐paranodopathy, introduced in 2013 to better categorize the neuropathies with antiganglioside antibodies and later expanded to include neuropathies with antibodies to nodal and paranodal axoglial complexes, characterizes disorders in which the nodal region is critical in the pathogenesis. These neuropathies, although presenting electrophysiologic demyelinating features do not show pathologic evidence of segmental demyelination, or, although being classified as axonal, can show reversible nerve conduction failure and rapid recovery contrary with the communal concept of an axonal neuropathy.MethodsIn this personal view is reported, with a splitting approach, an update on autoimmune nodo‐paranodopathies, classified according to the domains of peripheral nerve fiber, the target antigens and the antibody class and subclass involved. The clinical features, the electrophysiologic findings, the results of the immunopathological and ultrastructural studies, the pathophysiology and treatment are also described.Results and InterpretationThe nodo‐paranodopathy category integrates the clinical classification of autoimmune neuropathies and expands the traditional dichotomous demyelinating and axonal classification. It helps to a better systematization pointing to the domain and target antigens of the autoimmune process, it resolves conflicting pathologic and electrophysiologic findings, reconciles the contradiction that axonal neuropathies may be rapidly reversible, avoids taxonomical confusion and possible misdiagnoses. Finally this categorization, through the identification of the specific antibody and its prevalent class and subclass, clarifies the pathophysiological mechanisms and addresses to a more targeted therapeutic approach.
Evaluating the expression of microRNA‐15a‐5p and YAP1 gene in oral squamous cell carcinoma in comparison with normal tissue: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Saravana Murthy Padmavathi , Kannan A. , Ganesan Anuradha , Lakshmi Krithika Chandrasekar , Aniyan Kumbalaparambil Yesoda 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundMicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial regulatory roles in cancer progression, including oral cancer (OC). However, the biological mechanisms of miRNA‐15a‐5p in OC remain unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of miRNA‐15a‐5p and the YAP1 gene in OC.MethodsA total of 22 clinically and histologically confirmed oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients were recruited, and their tissues were stored in a stabilizing solution. Later, RT‐PCR was performed to evaluate miRNA‐15a‐5p and the targeting gene YAP1. The results of OSCC samples were compared with unpaired normal tissues.ResultsThe normality tests, Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Shapiro–Wilk, revealed a normal distribution. Inferential statistics were performed using an independent sample t‐test/unpaired t‐test among the study intervals to compare the expression of miR‐15a and YAP1. SPSS (IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0, Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. Released 2019) was used to analyse the data. The significance level was set at 5% (α = 0.05), and a p‐value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The expression of miRNA‐15a‐5p was lower in OSCC than in normal tissue, whereas the opposite was observed for YAP1 levels.ConclusionIn conclusion, this study demonstrated that miRNA‐15a‐5p was downregulated and YAP1 was overexpressed, which had a statistically significant difference between the normal and OSCC groups. Therefore, miRNA‐15a‐5p may serve as a novel biomarker to better understand the pathology and as a potential target in OSCC therapy.
Socioemotional functioning across the transition to lower secondary school: The role of temperament and relationships with mothers and teachers
Authors: Jaruseviciute Vilija , Silinskas Gintautas , Kiuru Noona 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis Finnish longitudinal study investigated the role of relationships with mothers (n = 631) and teachers (n = 56), and adolescents' (n = 848; 53.9% girls, 46.1% boys) temperament in the development of the adolescents' socioemotional functioning during the transition to lower secondary school (Grade 6 to Grade 7; age in Grade 6:M = 12.32,SD = 0.36). The results showed that mother–adolescent closeness predicted a higher level and teacher–adolescent closeness predicted a smaller decrease in prosocial behavior. Teacher–adolescent conflict predicted a higher level, and mother–adolescent conflict predicted an increase in externalizing problems. Only temperament predicted internalizing problems. In addition, relationship quality both mediated and moderated some of the associations between temperament and socioemotional functioning.
MdMPK3 and MdMPK6 fine‐tune MdWRKY17‐mediated transcriptional activation of the melatonin biosynthesis gene MdASMT7
Authors: Song Handong , Sun Yanzhao , Shan Dongqian , Zhang Tong , Wang Chanyu , Yan Tianci , Hu Zehui , Bai Yixue , Li Ruoxue , Dai Changjian , Deng Qian , Zhao Yixuan , Guo Yan , Kong Jin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractMelatonin (N‐acetyl‐5‐methoxytryptamine) is a potent reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger that increases the biotic and abiotic stress tolerance in plants. The signaling and regulation pathways of melatonin in plants remain elusive. Here, we report that transgenic apple (Malus domestica) plants overexpressing the transcription factor gene, MdWRKY17, have higher melatonin contents and lower ROS levels than those of control, while the MdWRKY17 RNA interference (RNAi) lines show the reversed phenotype. The binding of MdWRKY17 to N‐acetylserotonin O‐methyltransferase7 (MdASMT7) directly promotes the MdASMT7 expression in the in vitro and in vivo. MdASMT7 is a melatonin synthase that localizes to the plasma membrane. MdASMT7 overexpression rescued the lower melatonin contents of MdWRKY17‐RNAi lines, confirming the role of MdWRKY17‐MdASMT7 module in melatonin biosynthesis in apple. Furthermore, melatonin treatment activated the mitogen‐activated kinases (MPKs) MdMPK3 and MdMPK6, which phosphorylate MdWRKY17 to promote transcriptional activation of MdASMT7. RNAi‐mediated silencing of MdMPK3/6 decreases MdASMT7 expression in transgenic apple plants overexpressing MdWRKY17, which further confirms MdMPK3/6 fine‐tunes MdWRKY17‐mediated MdASMT7 transcription. This also forms a positive loop that melatonin activates MdMPK3/6 and thus accelerates the biosynthesis of itself via triggering MdMPK3/6‐MdWRKY17‐MdASMT7 pathway. This novel melatonin regulatory pathway not only have dissected the molecular mechanisms of melatonin biosynthesis but also provided an alternative approach for generating transgenic melatonin‐rich apples which may benefits to human health.
Diagnostic accuracy of gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire for gastroesophageal reflux disease: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Simadibrata Daniel Martin , Ngadiono Eko , Sinuraya Fira Alyssa Gabriella , Damara Ivan , Fass Ronnie , Simadibrata Marcellus 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe use of a symptom‐based gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) questionnaire (GerdQ) for GERD diagnosis has gained interest due to its greater efficacy and ease of use than other available questionnaires. However, different guidelines have given inconsistent recommendations regarding using GerdQ as a diagnostic test. This meta‐analysis summarized the diagnostic accuracy of GerdQ for diagnosing GERD.MethodsStudies published up to April 12, 2023, and indexed in MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched. Diagnostic test accuracy studies comparing GerdQ with upper endoscopy and/or pH‐metry for GERD diagnosis in adult patients with symptoms suggestive of GERD were included. The study quality was assessed using the QUADAS‐2 tool. Meta‐analysis using bivariate (Reitsma) analysis was done to summarize the overall sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios (LRs), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR). The summary receiver operating characteristics (SROC) curve was visualized, and the area under the ROC (AUC) was calculated.Key ResultsA total of 13 studies with 11,166 participants were included in the meta‐analysis. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive LR, negative LR, and DOR for GerdQ (cut‐off value of ≥8) were 66.9% (95% CI 56.4%–73.1%), 65.2% (95% CI 56.4%–73.1%), 1.93 (95% CI 1.55–2.42), 0.51 (95% CI 0.38–0.66), and 3.89 (95% CI 2.44–5.89), respectively. The overall AUC from the SROC was 0.705. The subgroup analysis showed similar pooled sensitivity, specificity, and DOR between Asian and non‐Asian studies.Conclusions & InferencesGerdQ had moderate sensitivity and specificity for GERD diagnosis. GerdQ can still be recommended as a diagnostic tool for GERD, especially when the PPI test is unavailable or contraindicated.
Novel protein CcmS is required for stabilization of the assembly of β‐carboxysome in Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803
Authors: Chen Xin , Zheng Fangfang , Wang Peng , Mi Hualing 
Published: June 2023

Summary
The carboxysome plays an essential role in the carbon concentration mechanism in cyanobacteria. Although significant progress has been made in the structural analysis of the carboxysome, little is still known about its biosynthesis.
We identified slr1911, a gene encoding a protein of unknown function in cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. Strain PCC 6803 (Syn6803), which we termed ccmS by screening a low CO2‐sensitive mutant. CcmS interacts with CcmK1 and CcmM. The former is a shell protein of the β‐carboxysome and the latter is a crucial component of the β‐carboxysome, which is responsible for aggregating RuBisCO and recruiting shell proteins.
The deletion of ccmS lowers the accumulation and assembly of CcmK1, resulting in aberrant carboxysomes, suppressed photosynthetic capacities, and leads to a slow growth phenotype, especially under CO2‐limited conditions.
These observations suggest that CcmS stabilizes the assembly of the β‐carboxysome shell and likely connects the carboxysome core with the shell. Our results provide a molecular view of the role played by CcmS in the formation of the β‐carboxysome and its function in Syn6803.
Sold to China: Container traffic in the Port of Piraeus
Authors: Koenig Pamina , Poncet Sandra , Sanch‐Maritan Mathieu , Duvallet Claude , Pigné Yoann 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article analyzes the effects of the acquisition of the Port of Piraeus by the Chinese shipping operator COSCO in July 2016 on the organization of container traffic in Europe. Using real‐time container ship positions provided by vessel tracking systems between 2015 and 2019, we study the impact of the privatization of the Greek port on its attractiveness and on that of competing ports for the ships of the various operators, and more particularly of COSCO. Difference‐in‐difference estimates suggest that the number of container ship calls to the Port of Piraeus has increased following its privatization, but that this increase in attractiveness corresponds mainly to vessels operated by COSCO with a capacity of more than 3000 twenty‐foot equivalent units, and in particular to the largest of them. We do not identify any crowding out effect between operators in Piraeus: the use of Piraeus by the vessels of other operators remains relatively unchanged. The privatization of Piraeus seems to have imposed the Greek port as COSCO's transhipment hub for the European market without this being to the detriment of ports in any other particular European area.
Cognitive status and dental‐related function in older adults seeking community‐based dental care: A Pilot Study
Authors: Madiloggovit‐Lower Jirakate , Cashmore Alexandria Cochrane , Peter Tabitha , Chen Xi 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveThis study aims to understand the prevalence of cognitive impairment and dentally‐related functional (DRF) loss among older adults seeking community‐based dental care.Methods and ResultsA total of 149 adults aged 65 or older who visited the University of Iowa College of Dentistry Clinics and who had no prior documented cognitive impairment were recruited in 2017 and 2018. Participants underwent a brief interview, a cognitive assessment, and an assessment of DRF. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to assess associations between demographic variables, DRF, and cognitive function. Close to half (40.7%) of the patients presented with some degree of cognitive impairment, and impaired DRF was observed in 13.8%. Compared to those without cognitive impairment, elderly dental patients with cognitive impairment were 15% more likely to present with impaired DRF (odds ratio = 1.15, 95% CI = (1.05, 1.26).ConclusionCognitive impairment is likely more prevalent in older adults seeking dental care than is generally understood by providers. Given its impact on DRF, dental providers should be alert to the possible need to evaluate patients’ cognitive status and DRF in order to be able to adjust treatment and recommendations accordingly.
The effects of social belonging and kindness on stress and well‐being during the COVID‐19 pandemic: A longitudinal experiment
Authors: Nelson‐Coffey S. Katherine , Layous Kristin , Coffey John K. , Mayes Linda C. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBecause the ongoing COVID‐19 pandemic has introduced significant stressors to people's lives, more research on self‐directed strategies to cope with pandemic‐related stress is needed. In the current longitudinal experiment (N = 614), we investigated the emotional benefits of two self‐directed strategies—belonging affirmation and recalling kindness—during the Delta (October 2021) and Omicron (February 2022) waves of the pandemic. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three activity conditions (belonging affirmation, recalling kindness, or control), which they performed weekly for 4 weeks. Contrary to our pre‐registered hypothesis, belonging affirmation and recalling kindness did not promote greater well‐being overall; however, belonging affirmation led to well‐being improvements indirectly via increases in positive emotions. Furthermore, the benefits of belonging affirmation were moderated by pandemic wave. That is, during the Omicron wave, but not the Delta wave, belonging affirmation led to improved life satisfaction, positive emotions, and connectedness, decreased loneliness and negative emotions, and marginally reduced perceived stress and anxiety. These results provide preliminary evidence for the well‐being benefits of belonging affirmation and suggest the importance of evaluating coping strategies throughout different stages of a long‐term stressor.
Prevalence and risk factors of acne scars in patients with acne vulgaris
Authors: Liu Lin , Xue Yuzhou , Chen Yangmei , Chen Tingqiao , Zhong Judan , Shao Xinyi , Chen Jin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundAcne scar is a persistent complication of acne vulgaris. However, the prevalence and risk factors are still unclear. This study aimed to assess the global prevalence and risk factors of acne scars in patients with acne.Materials and methodsA systematic search of published studies in three databases was performed and the meta‐analyses were conducted.ResultsFinally, we included 37 studies involving 24 649 acne patients. And, the pooled prevalence of acne scars in these patients was 47% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 38–56%). Besides, the differences in prevalence were observed based on the subgroup analysis for age, gender, acne severity, source of patients, and so on. Subsequently, we quantified the relationship of three risk factors with acne scars: male gender (odds ratio [OR]: 1.58, 95% CI: 1.19–2.09), positive family history of acne (OR: 2.73, 95% CI: 1.26–5.91), and acne severity (OR for moderate acne: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.54–3.57; OR for severe acne: 5.51, 95% CI: 2.45–12.41).ConclusionHerein, we found that 47% of acne patients suffered from acne scars and identified three risk factors: male gender, positive family history of acne, and acne severity. In order to reduce acne scarring, attention and effective therapy early in the course of acne is important.
Persepsi Mahasiswa Kulliyyah Bahasa dan Pengurusan, UIAM Terhadap Tulisan Jawi
Authors: Saimon Aminnudin , Takmad Nur Hidayah 
Published: June 2023

Penguasaan tulisan Jawi masyarakat khususnya golongan remaja pada masa kini boleh dilihat dalam keadaan yang amat membimbangkan. Sebahagian besar bangsa Melayu khususnya golongan remaja masih lagi tidak menguasai tulisan Jawi dengan baik. Kesannya telah mengakibatkan masih ramai individu yang menjadi buta Jawi akibat peminggiran dalam menjaga kepentingan pemeliharaan tulisan Jawi. Oleh itu, kajian ini dijalankan adalah untuk mendapatkan persepsi mahasiswa mengenai tulisan Jawi. Objektif bagi kajian ini adalah mengenal pasti persepsi mahasiswa UIAM terhadap tulisan Jawi serta menghuraikan persepsi mahasiswa UIAM terhadap pemeliharaan tulisan Jawi. Kajian ini berbentuk kajian gabungan yang mana pengkaji menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dengan menemu bual seramai 3 orang responden beserta kaedah kuantitatif dengan menyebarkan borang soal selidik secara dalam talian seramai 50 responden yang berlatarbelakangkan pelajar Kulliyyah Bahasa dan Pengurusan. Hasil dapatan mendapati bahawa kesemua pelajar masih menunjukkan minat dalam mengambil berat terhadap kepentingan tulisan Jawi. Kesemua soalan yang telah dijawab menunjukkan tahap yang tinggi dan boleh dipercayai apabila jumlah Cronbach’s Alpha memiliki jumlah yang sangat baik. Oleh itu, dapat dikatakan bahawa kajian ini telah mencapai tahap yang memuaskan apabila segala persoalan dan objektif kajian dapat diselesaikan menerusi penghasilan kajian ini.

The mastery of Jawi writing in the community, especially among teenagers, can now be seen in a very worrying situation. Most Malays, especially teenagers, still do not know Jawi writing well. The effect has resulted in many individuals becoming Jawi blind due to marginalisation in maintaining the importance of preserving Jawi writing. Therefore, this study was conducted to obtain students' perceptions of Jawi writing. The objective of this study is to identify the perceptions of IIUM students on Jawi writing and to describe the perceptions of IIUM students on the preservation of Jawi writing. This study is a combined study in which the researcher uses qualitative methods by interviewing 3 respondents along with quantitative methods by distributing online questionnaires to 50 respondents with the background of Kulliyyah Language and Management students. The results showed that all students still showed an interest in caring about the importance of Jawi writing. All the questions that have been answered show a high and reliable level when the Cronbach’s Alpha number has a very good number. Therefore, it can be said that this study has reached a satisfactory level when all the questions and objectives of the study can be resolved through the production of this study.
A Typology for Learning: Examining How Academic Makerspaces Support Learning for Students
Authors: Tomko Megan , Alemán Melissa , Nagel Robert , Newstetter Wendy , Linsey Julie 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
While advances have been made in studying engineering design learning in the classroom, to date, such advances have not addressed hands-on, real-world learning experiences in university makerspaces. Our particular interest was how such spaces support women engineers as designers, learners, makers, and community members. To investigate this, we initially completed two qualitative interview studies: (1) a three-series in-depth phenomenologically based interview methodology with five women students and (2) a targeted, single interview protocol with 15 women students. The in-depth interviews were analyzed using grounded theory techniques and coding methods as a means to develop a typology. To explore the broader applicability of the findings, 19 additional interviews (five women and five men at Big City U.; four women and five men at Comprehensive U.) were also completed. Overall, makerspaces are confirmed to help provide women students with a diverse skillset that engages design, manufacturing, cultural knowledge, failure, collaboration, confidence, resilience, communication management, and ingenuity.