bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sustainable entrepreneurship on digital platforms and the enactment of digital connectivity through business models
Authors: Gregori Patrick , Holzmann Patrick , Audretsch David B. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article investigates how sustainable entrepreneurship on digital platforms enacts digital connectivity to capture and create value. By complementing the business model lens with sociomateriality, we theorize digital technologies as key actors that participate in the enactment of business models. We analyze visual and textual data from 19 entrepreneurial initiatives for sustainability established on the social media platform YouTube. Our findings demonstrate novel business model configurations enacted by a web of human and nonhuman (digital) actors: connecting for sustainability as part of the value proposition, forming connective spaces for socioenvironmental value creation, and leveraging connectivity for multidimensional value capture. These findings have two major contributions. First, we offer novel insights on the practices that configure business model elements of sustainable entrepreneurship on platforms. We especially draw attention to how digital connectivity of platforms is achieved and made durable by human and digital actors. Second, we elaborate on how digital agencies intervene in entrepreneurial efforts to make sustainability visible and how this affects the business models. Thus, the study contributes to and further develops the intersection of digital technologies, sustainable entrepreneurship, and business models.
Stabilizing Decavanadate Cluster as Electrode Material in Sodium and Lithium‐ion Batteries
Authors: Ghosh Meena , Sorsche Dieter , Binte Ahmed Rezwana , Anjass Montaha 
Published: August 2023

AbstractDecavanadate ([V10O28]6−, {V10}) clusters are a potential electrode material for lithium and post‐lithium batteries; however, their low stability due to the solubility in liquid organic electrolytes has been challenging. These molecular clusters are also prone to transform into solid‐state oxides at a moderate temperature needed in the typical electrode fabrication process. Hence, controlling the solubility and improving the thermal stability of compounds are essential to make them more viable options for use as battery electrodes. This study shows a crystal engineering approach to stabilize the cluster with organic guanidinium (Gdm+) cation through the hydrogen‐bonding interactions between the amino groups of the cation and the anion. The comparison of solubility and thermal stability of the Gdm{V10} with another cluster bearing tetrabutylammonium (Tba+) cation reveals the better stability of cation‐anion assembly in the former than the latter. As a result, the Gdm{V10} delivers better rate capability and cycling stability than Tba{V10} when tested as anode material in a half‐cell configuration of a sodium‐ion battery. Finally, the performance of the Gdm{V10} anode is also investigated in a lithium‐ion battery full cell with LiFePO4 cathode.
Synthesis of Benzyl Thioethers by C−S Coupling of Benzylic Trimethylammonium Salts and Sulfonyl Chlorides
Authors: Ma Xiujuan , Jin Haoyu , Zeng Min , Qin Yiman , Tan Lili , Miao Tingting , Feng Yu , Shi Qian 
Published: August 2023

AbstractA facile and efficient method to synthesize thioethers from sulfonyl chlorides and benzylic trimethylammonium salts is presented. This protocol provides a simple and direct approach to realize the reductive coupling reaction of readily available sulfonyl chlorides with benzyl ammonium salts in the presence of triphenylphosphine along with base via C−N cleavage of benzyl ammonium salts. This reaction features mild conditions and good substrate compatibility to afford thioethers in moderate to good yields.
Compulsory Research in Learning Health Care: Against a Minimal Risk Limit
Authors: Steel Robert 
Published: August 2023

AbstractExisting calls to implement learning health care systems have tended to stipulate a minimal or near‐minimal risk limit for compulsory learning activities. I argue to the contrary that such a limit cannot be defended. So long as the way in which patients are compelled to participate in learning activities is solely through the withholding of nonresearch options for receiving care, compelling participation does not violate any individual's rights and can be both efficient and adequately fair. Because the decision to compel participation in this way is relevantly similar to the decision to ration care, theories of justice in cost‐effectiveness rationing can be used to further specify when it is appropriate to use this method to compel research participation. When applied, these theories will not support a minimal risk limit for compulsory research.
Learning Health Care and the Obligation to Participate in Research
Authors: Faden Ruth R. , Kass Nancy E. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis commentary responds to the article “Compulsory Research in Learning Health Care: Against a Minimal Risk Limit,” by Robert Steel. Steel acknowledges that our ethics framework for a learning health care system, published in the 2013 special reportEthical Oversight of Learning Health Care Systems ,includes an obligation on the part of patients to participate in learning activities, but he argues that this obligation does not go far enough. Steel, who provides an interesting justification for compulsory research participation in learning health care, claims that our obligation is limited to only minimal risk research. We take exception to that characterization insofar as it detracts from what we believe is most relevant for assessing learning activities, which is how much additional risk and burden a learning activity poses compared to clinical care alone. We also clarify that the level of additional risk is not the only morally relevant consideration in determining if a learning activity should be compulsory. Also important is whether the learning activity includes interventions or choices that engage values of importance to patients.
Remote modulation of WWOX by an intronic variant associated with survival of Chinese gastric cancer patients
Authors: Cheng Lei , Chang Yuanyuan , Xia Zuguang , Liu Yizhen , Liu Xiao , Xiong Liwen , Liu Chenchen , Zhu Xiaodong , Wang Mengyun , Qiu Lixin 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe protein WWOX was reported to be involved in cancer progression via interaction with mTOR and DNA repair pathway. We previously reported noteworthy association of some single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in mTOR and DNA repair pathways with gastric cancer (GCa) patients' survival. We hypothesized that genetic variants in WWOX gene could predict the survival of GCa patients. By extracting WWOX genetic variants from our ongoing genome‐wide association study including 796 GCa patients from an Eastern Chinese population, we identified 51 out of 1913 SNPs to be significantly associated with survival of GCa patients, which passed the false positive probability tests. In particular, the intronic variant rs9922483, a G>T change, was associated with 21% increased death risk for GCa patients (HR = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.04‐1.42, P = .015). This locus was predicted to be involved in potential enhancer by bioinformatics analysis. Genotype‐phenotype correlation analysis revealed decreased expression of WWOX by rs9922483 G>T change. Mechanistically, rs9922483 locus may exhibits long‐range interaction with WWOX promoter, and the G>T change inhibited the transcriptional activity driven by WWOX promoter in luciferase reporter system. Especially, the G>T change had an allele‐specific negative effect on NR3C1 binding, and NR3C1 promoted the expression of WWOX in GCa cells. Further functional analysis indicated an increase in proliferation, migration and invasion of GCa cells by knockdown of WWOX. In conclusion, WWOX genetic variants may modulate survival of Chinese GCa patients by exerting remote regulatory effect on WWOX expression. Our results highlight the cis‐regulatory effect of genetic variants on genes and survival modulation for GCa patients.
Genetic Correlation, Shared Loci, and Causal Association Between Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin and Bone Mineral Density: Insights From a Large-Scale Genomewide Cross-Trait Analysis
Authors: Qu Yang , Xiao Changfeng , Wu Xueyao , Zhu Jingwei , Qin Chenjiarui , He Lin , Cui Huijie , Zhang Li , Zhang Wenqiang , Yang Chunxia , Yao Yuqin , Li Jiayuan , Liu Zhenmi , Zhang Ben , Wang Wenzhi , Jiang Xia 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Although the impact of sex hormones on bone metabolism is well-documented, effect of their primary modulator, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), remains inconclusive. This study aims to elucidate the genetic overlap between SHBG and heel estimated bone mineral density (eBMD), a widely-accepted tool for osteoporosis management and fracture risk assessment. Using summary statistics from large-scale genomewide association studies conducted for SHBG (N = 370,125), SHBG adjusted for body mass index (SHBGa, N = 368,929), and eBMD (N = 426,824), a comprehensive genomewide cross-trait approach was performed to quantify global and local genetic correlations, identify pleiotropic loci, and infer causal associations. A significant overall inverse genetic correlation was found for SHBG and eBMD (rg = −0.11, p = 3.34 × 10−10), which was further supported by the significant local genetic correlations observed in 11 genomic regions. Cross-trait meta-analysis revealed 219 shared loci, of which seven were novel. Notably, four novel loci (rs6542680, rs8178616, rs147110934, and rs815625) were further demonstrated to colocalize. Mendelian randomization identified a robust causal effect of SHBG on eBMD (beta = −0.22, p = 3.04 × 10−13), with comparable effect sizes observed in both men (beta = −0.16, p = 1.99 × 10−6) and women (beta = −0.19, p = 2.73 × 10−9). Replacing SHBG with SHBGa, the observed genetic correlations, pleiotropic loci and causal associations did not change substantially. Our work reveals a shared genetic basis between SHBG and eBMD, substantiated by multiple pleiotropic loci and a robust causal relationship. Although SHBG has been implicated in preventing and screening aging-related diseases, our findings support its etiological role in osteoporosis. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
Apoptosis in the neuroprotective effect of α7 nicotinic receptor in neurodegenerative models
Authors: Mugayar Amanda Amorim , da Silva Guimarães Giovanna , de Oliveira Paulo Henrique Tavares , Miranda Renan Lyra , dos Santos Aline Araujo 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThe α7 subtype of nicotinic receptors (α7 nAChRs) is one of the most abundant nicotinic receptor subtypes in the central nervous system (CNS) and both neurons and nonneuronal cells express α7 nAChRs. When activated, α7 nAChRs become permeable to cations and promote cellular responses such as anti‐apoptotic signaling by modulating the caspases and proteins of the Bcl‐2 family. Neuroprotection is an important function of these receptors, promoting neuronal survival under pathological conditions, including situations of stress and neuronal degeneration. Studies have demonstrated the relationship between the activation of these receptors and the reduction of neuronal or glial cell injury, by controlling apoptotic processes in different models, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, one of the most important signaling pathways activated by α7 nAChRs is the PI3K/Akt signaling cascade, which promotes the stimulation of anti‐apoptotic molecules of the Bcl‐2 family, Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐xl, and reduces the expression of caspases and proapoptotic molecules, resulting in cell survival. In Alzheimer's models, the literature shows that α7 nAChR activation attenuates Aβ‐induced neurotoxicity through modulation of different intrinsic apoptotic pathways via PI3K/Akt and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK). In this review, we provide an up‐to‐date summary of the current evidence on the relationship between the activation of α7 nAChRs, a subtype of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and its role in neuroprotection by modulating apoptotic pathways.
Asynchronous secure control for singular nonhomogeneous Markov jump cyber‐physical systems against dual cyber‐attacks
Authors: Zhang Shuyu , Wang Yanqian , Zhuang Guangming , Lv Chengxing 
Published: August 2023

AbstractIn this article, based on the dynamic event‐triggered transmission protocol, the issue of asynchronous secure control for singular nonhomogeneous Markov jump cyber‐physical systems (CPSs) is studied. The matrix that is governed by the time‐varying transition rates lies in a convex polyhedron. To further degrade the transmission percentage over the network, the dynamic event‐triggered transmission protocol is developed. Besides, owing to the vulnerability of the network, the replay attack and deception attack are both considered, the occurrences of which are modelled by mutual independent random variables satisfying Bernoulli distribution. By constructing a parameter dependent and an auxiliary dynamic variable dependent Lyapunov functional, sufficient conditions of stochastic admissible for singular nonhomogeneous Markov jump CPSs are derived by parameter dependent matrix inequalities, which can be converted into the finite linear matrix inequalities. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the theoretical results.
Crosslinking networks in epoxidized natural rubber/hemp hurd bio‐composites for the enhancement of thermal, mechanical, and water repellence properties
Authors: Chen Guowei , Adibi Azin , Jubinville Dylan , Mekonnen Tizazu H. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractEpoxidized natural rubber (ENR) bio‐composites filled with hemp hurd were fabricated via reactive batch‐mixing and vulcanization. The effect of the ENR‐hemp hurd grafting, silane modification, sulfur vulcanization, and the built‐up crosslinking networks on the thermomechanical and physical properties were analyzed. It was observed that the reactive mixing of ENR and hemp hurd caused epoxy ring opening followed by ether bonding of ENR onto the hemp hurd. There was evidence showing that the hemp fillers were also involved in the sulfur vulcanization. The sulfur vulcanized ENR bio‐composites displayed a low swelling index, homogeneous filler dispersion, and superior thermomechanical properties. The vulcanized bio‐composites with silane‐modified hemp hurd showed slightly less grafting but substantially reduced water absorption. The hardness, tensile strength, and modulus of the optimized formulation displayed a 300%, 1030%, and 960% enhancement as compared to the ENR baseline, respectively.Highlights
ENR bio‐composites with hemp hurd were fabricated.
Crosslinking networks were built‐up within the ENR/hemp bio‐composites.
SiHemp show similar reinforcement but more water repellence.
The synthesized composites had enhanced thermal and mechanical properties.
PROTAC for agriculture: learning from human medicine to generate new biotechnological weed control solutions
Authors: Leon Ramon G. , Bassham Diane C. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWeed control has relied on the use of organic and inorganic molecules that interfere with druggable targets, especially enzymes, for almost a century. This approach, although effective, has resulted in multiple cases of herbicide resistance. Furthermore, the rate of discovery of new druggable targets that are selective and with favorable environmental profiles has slowed down, highlighting the need for innovative control tools. The arrival of the biotechnology and genomics era gave hope to many that all sorts of new control tools would be developed. However, the reality is that most efforts have been limited to the development of transgenic crops with resistance to a few existing herbicides, which in fact is just another form of selectivity. Proteolysis‐targeting chimera (PROTAC) is a new technology developed to treat human diseases but that has potential for multiple applications in agriculture. This technology uses a small bait molecule linked to an E3 ligand. The 3‐dimensional structure of the bait favors physical interaction with a binding site in the target protein in a manner that allows E3 recruitment, ubiquitination and then proteasome‐mediated degradation. This system makes it possible to circumvent the need to find druggable targets because it can degrade structural proteins, transporters, transcription factors, and enzymes without the need to interact with the active site. PROTAC can help control herbicide‐resistant weeds as well as expand the number of biochemical targets that can be used for weed control. In the present article, we provide an overview of how PROTAC works and describe the possible applications for weed control as well as the challenges that this technology might face during development and implementation for field uses. © 2023 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Mesohabitat and macroecological correlates for blue sucker (Cycleptus elongatus) occurrence in regulated rivers
Authors: Evans Hannah A. , Booknis Meghan I. , Santee Noah S. , Mangold Rebecca D. , Roberts Hayden C. , Wolff Jacob P. , Ellard Johnathan K. , Smith David , Perkin Joshuah S. 
Published: August 2023

AbstractBlue sucker (Cycleptus elongatus) populations occur in the Mississippi River and Gulf of Mexico drainages of North America and are negatively affected by habitat fragmentation and flow regime alteration caused by dams. During fish assemblage surveys in August of 2022, we collected five juvenile blue suckers (312–428 mm total length) in the Angelina River upstream of Sam Rayburn Reservoir in East Texas (46,335 ha surface area) where the occurrence of the species was previously unconfirmed. Given this unexpected finding, we (1) analyzed mesohabitat associations to compare habitats we sampled with reports in the literature and (2) reviewed blue sucker occurrences in state, national, and global databases across historical (1950–1980) and contemporary (1981–2022) time periods to assess occurrence across gradients of habitat fragmentation and streamflow regulation. The blue sucker population in the Angelina River upstream of Sam Rayburn Reservoir was previously unconfirmed but is within the native range. Mesohabitats occupied by blue suckers were consistent with literature reports, including fast velocity, shallow depth, and coarse substrates. The low degree of regulation (19% of natural runoff stored by upstream reservoirs) and a high degree of habitat connectivity (287 rkm of unfragmented mainstem habitat) for the Angelina River upstream of Sam Rayburn Reservoir matched range‐wide patterns of persistence within relatively intact (unfragmented and unregulated) or remnant (fragmented but unregulated) riverscapes. Our review reveals that blue sucker populations might persist (1) in remnant river fragments where local habitat conditions are appropriate and (2) where effects of habitat fragmentation and flow regulation are not coupled.
Developing a decision‐making tree for circular economy
Authors: Lozano Rodrigo , Lozano Francisco Jose 
Published: August 2023

AbstractCircular economy (CE) is aimed at redressing the negative impacts on the environment from linear economic models. CE should consider the economic and environmental dimensions; however, in most cases, these have been addressed separately. CE discourses have focused mainly on the environmental dimension and assumed that all material loops must be closed. Despite the calls to engage with CE, there has been extremely limited research on decision‐making for CE. The following steps were followed in the decision‐making for CE framework construction and design: (1) reviewing the literature; (2) considering economic data approaches; (3) accounting for material flows; (4) modifying the fungibility approach to focus on the environmental dimension; (5) considering environmental impacts; and, (6) selecting a decision tree format. This paper combines the economic fungibility (probability of recovery and price), environmental impacts fungibility (probability of recovery and environmental impacts) to develop the ‘Decision‐making tree for circular economy’ framework. The decision‐making tree for circular economy is aimed at providing guidance on which and how to close loops depending on economic considerations, environmental impact, and probability of recovery of materials. The CE decision‐making tree provides eight options to help decide which and how to close such loops, and help decide which material loops should be eliminated, closed, or remain open. Decision‐making is key to deciding which loops to close to engage with CE more efficiently.
Ultrahigh Piezocatalytic Performance of Perovskite Ferroelectric Powder via Oxygen Vacancy Engineering
Authors: Liu Xuechen , Wang Mingwen , Zhou Yuanyi , Li Tao , Duan Hongxu , Li Jinglei , Wang Linghang , Li Yang , Yang Shuai , Wu Jie , Wang Chao , Feng Xinya , Li Fei 
Published: August 2023

AbstractPiezocatalysis has increasingly gained prominence due to its enormous potential for addressing energy shortages and environmental pollution issues. Nonetheless, the low piezocatalytic activity of state‐of‐the‐art materials seriously inhibits the practical applications of piezocatalysis. Here, it is proposed to greatly enhance the piezocatalytic activity for a perovskite ferroelectric, i.e., Sm‐doped 0.68Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)‐0.32PbTiO3 (Sm‐PMN‐PT, a solid solution with ultrahigh piezoelectricity), by introducing oxygen vacancies (OVs). The results show that the presence of OVs promotes the production of reactive oxygen species while enhancing the adsorption and activation of organic pollutants to improve piezocatalytic performance. The OV‐Sm‐PMN‐PT is found to possess a superior piezocatalytic degradation rate constant of 0.073 min−1 under ultrasonic vibration, which is ≈4.9 times higher than that of pristine Sm‐PMN‐PT. Furthermore, the OV‐Sm‐PMN‐PT can efficiently remove RhB under 400 rpm stirring, making it a promising candidate for water purification using low‐frequency mechanical energy from nature. This research sheds light on the design of piezocatalytic materials via defect engineering.
Composite topological solitons consisting of domain walls, strings, and monopoles in O(N) models
Authors: Eto Minoru , Hamada Yu , Nitta Muneto 
Published: August 2023

AbstractWe study various composites of global solitons consisting of domain walls, strings, and monopoles in linearO(N) models withN= 2 and 3. Spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) of theO(N) symmetry down toO(N– 1) results in the vacuum manifoldSN−1, together with a perturbed scalar potential in the presence of a small explicit symmetry breaking (ESB) interaction. TheO(2) model is equivalent to the axion model admitting topological global (axion) strings attached byNDWdomain walls. We point out for theNDW= 2 case that the topological stability of the string with two domain walls is ensured by sequential SSBs (ℤ2)2→ ℤ2→ 1, where the first SSB occurs in the vacuum leading to the topological domain wall as a mother soliton, only inside which the second SSB occurs giving rise to a subsequent kink inside the mother wall. From the bulk viewpoint, this kink is identical to a global string as a daughter soliton. This observation can be naturally ex- tended to theO(3) model, where a global monopole as a daughter soliton appears as a kink in a mother string or as a vortex on a mother domain wall, depending on ESB interactions. In the most generic case, the stability of the composite system consisting of the monopole, string, and domain wall is understood by the SSB (ℤ2)3→ (ℤ2)2→ ℤ2→ 1, in which the first SSB at the vacuum gives rise to the domain wall triggering the second one, so that the daughter string appears as a domain wall inside the mother wall triggering the third SSB, which leads to a granddaughter monopole as a kink inside the daughter vortex. We demonstrate numerical simulations for the dynamical evolution of the composite solitons.