bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An attention-based deep learning approach for the classification of subjective cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment using resting-state EEG
Authors: Sibilano Elena , Brunetti Antonio , Buongiorno Domenico , Lassi Michael , Grippo Antonello , Bessi Valentina , Micera Silvestro , Mazzoni Alberto , Bevilacqua Vitoantonio 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective. This study aims to design and implement the first deep learning (DL) model to classify subjects in the prodromic states of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) based on resting-state electroencephalographic (EEG) signals. Approach. EEG recordings of 17 healthy controls (HCs), 56 subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and 45 mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subjects were acquired at resting state. After preprocessing, we selected sections corresponding to eyes-closed condition. Five different datasets were created by extracting delta, theta, alpha, beta and delta-to-theta frequency bands using bandpass filters. To classify SCD vs MCI and HC vs SCD vs MCI, we propose a framework based on the transformer architecture, which uses multi-head attention to focus on the most relevant parts of the input signals. We trained and validated the model on each dataset with a leave-one-subject-out cross-validation approach, splitting the signals into 10 s epochs. Subjects were assigned to the same class as the majority of their epochs. Classification performances of the transformer were assessed for both epochs and subjects and compared with other DL models. Main results. Results showed that the delta dataset allowed our model to achieve the best performances for the discrimination of SCD and MCI, reaching an Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) of 0.807, while the highest results for the HC vs SCD vs MCI classification were obtained on alpha and theta with a micro-AUC higher than 0.74. Significance. We demonstrated that DL approaches can support the adoption of non-invasive and economic techniques as EEG to stratify patients in the clinical population at risk for AD. This result was achieved since the attention mechanism was able to learn temporal dependencies of the signal, focusing on the most discriminative patterns, achieving state-of-the-art results by using a deep model of reduced complexity. Our results were consistent with clinical evidence that changes in brain activity are progressive when considering early stages of AD.
Assembling global and local spatial-temporal filters to extract discriminant information of EEG in RSVP task
Authors: Li Bowen , Zhang Shangen , Hu Yijun , Lin Yanfei , Gao Xiaorong 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Objective. Brain–computer interface (BCI) system has developed rapidly in the past decade. And rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) is an important BCI paradigm to detect the targets in high-speed image streams. For decoding electroencephalography (EEG) in RSVP task, the ensemble-model methods have better performance than the single-model ones. Approach. This study proposed a method based on ensemble learning to extract discriminant information of EEG. An extreme gradient boosting framework was utilized to sequentially generate the sub models, including one global spatial-temporal filter and a group of local ones. EEG was reshaped into a three-dimensional form by remapping the electrode dimension into a 2D array to learn the spatial-temporal features from real local space. Main results. A benchmark RSVP EEG dataset was utilized to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, where EEG data of 63 subjects were analyzed. Compared with several state-of-the-art methods, the spatial-temporal patterns of proposed method were more consistent with P300, and the proposed method can provide significantly better classification performance. Significance. The ensemble model in this study was end-to-end optimized, which can avoid error accumulation. The sub models optimized by gradient boosting theory can extract discriminant information complementarily and non-redundantly.
Cu-BTC derived CuO and CuO/Cu2O composite: an efficient adsorption material to iodide ions
Authors: Wang Peng , Gong Chun-Hui , Tang An-Yu , Gu Ao-Tian , Chen Kai-Wei , Yi Yang 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The copper benzene tricarboxylic acid (Cu-BTC) cannot be used as an adsorbent in water due to hydrophilicity. However, the calcination process can destroy the benzene ring structure to lose hydrophilicity and retains carbon structure skeleton. The CuO composite and CuO/Cu2O composite based on cubical Cu-BTC (C-Cu-BTC) and dodecahedral Cu-BTC (D-Cu-BTC) are successfully manufactured to absorb radioactive iodine ion from water. Before and after calcination, the SEM and XRD were used to characterize the changes of morphology and material structure. The adsorption experiment for iodine ion showed that their saturated adsorption capacities can reach 28.64 mg g−1 (for C–CuO), 49.63 mg g−1 (for D-CuO), 49.84 mg g−1 (for C–CuO/Cu2O) and 91.91 mg g−1 (for D-CuO/Cu2O), respectively. The iodine ion adsorption of adsorbent is an exothermic reaction as shown thermodynamic curves. Through results of adsorption kinetics it is proved that the iodide ion adsorption of CuO composite is physical adsorption and the iodide ion adsorption of CuO/Cu2O composite is chemical adsorption. Compared with CuO composite, CuO/Cu2O composite had better absorption capacity for iodide ions. Furthermore, the interference of common ion on iodide absorption has also been studied. The different types of ion, such as Cl−, SO4
2− and CO3
2−, have effects on the iodine ions absorption capacity for two types of adsorbent. These ions have a slightly effect on iodine ions adsorption of CuO composite. However, these ions have greater influences on iodine ions absorption capacity of the CuO/Cu2O composite. The biggest influence is CO3
2−, and the CO3
2− reduces the adsorption capacity by 44% iodine ion absorption capacity for the CuO/Cu2O composite.
Influence of incommensurate structure on the elastic constants of crystalline Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ
by Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy
Authors: McNiven B D E , LeBlanc J P F , Andrews G T 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Brillouin light scattering spectroscopy was used to probe the room-temperature elasticity of crystalline high-T

c
superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ
. A complete set of best-estimate elastic constants was obtained using established relationships between acoustic phonon velocities and elastic constants along with a simple expression relating crystal elastic constant C
22 to the corresponding constants of the constituent incommensurate sublattices. This latter relationship, which was derived and validated in the present work, has important implications for those studying incommensurate systems as it appears that it may be applied in its general form to any composite incommensurate crystal. The results obtained in this work are also consistent with sublattice assignments of Bi2Sr2O4 and CaCu2O4 reported in a previous Brillouin scattering study.
Precision of neuronal localization in 2D cell cultures by using high-performance electropolymerized microelectrode arrays correlated with optical imaging
Authors: Ghazal Mahdi , Scholaert Corentin , Dumortier Corentin , Lefebvre Camille , Barois Nicolas , Janel Sebastien , Tarhan Mehmet Cagatay , Colin Morvane , Buée Luc , Halliez Sophie , Pecqueur Sebastien , Coffinier Yannick , Alibart Fabien , Yger Pierre 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Recently, the development of electronic devices to extracellularly record the simultaneous electrical activities of numerous neurons has been blooming, opening new possibilities to interface and decode neuronal activity. In this work, we tested how the use of EDOT electropolymerization to tune post-fabrication materials could optimize the cell/electrode interface of such devices. Our results showed an improved signal-to-noise ratio, better biocompatibility, and a higher number of neurons detected in comparison with gold electrodes. Then, using such enhanced recordings with 2D neuronal cultures combined with fluorescent optical imaging, we checked the extent to which the positions of the recorded neurons could be estimated solely via their extracellular signatures. Our results showed that assuming neurons behave as monopoles, positions could be estimated with a precision of approximately tens of micrometers.
Optimized EEG based mood detection with signal processing and deep neural networks for brain-computer interface
Authors: Adhikary Subhrangshu , Jain Kushal , Saha Biswajit , Chowdhury Deepraj 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a very promising and widely implemented procedure to study brain signals and activities by amplifying and measuring the post-synaptical potential arising from electrical impulses produced by neurons and detected by specialized electrodes attached to specific points in the scalp. It can be studied for detecting brain abnormalities, headaches, and other conditions. However, there are limited studies performed to establish a smart decision-making model to identify EEG’s relation with the mood of the subject. In this experiment, EEG signals of 28 healthy human subjects have been observed with consent and attempts have been made to study and recognise moods. Savitzky-Golay band-pass filtering and Independent Component Analysis have been used for data filtration.Different neural network algorithms have been implemented to analyze and classify the EEG data based on the mood of the subject. The model is further optimised by the usage of Blackman window-based Fourier Transformation and extracting the most significant frequencies for each electrode. Using these techniques, up to 96.01% detection accuracy has been obtained.
Detailed analysis and simulation verification for reconstruction of plasma optical boundary with spectrometric technique on HL-2M tokamak
Authors: SU Zhihao , GAO Jinming , GAO Zhe 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
The plasma optical boundary reconstruction technique based on Hommen’s theory is promising for future tokamaks with high parameters. In this work, we conduct detailed analysis and simulation verification to estimate the ‘logic loophole’ of this technique. The finite-width effect and unpredictable errors reduce the technique’s reliability, which leads to this loophole. Based on imaging theory, the photos of a virtual camera are simulated by integrating the assumed luminous intensity of plasma. Based on Hommen’s theory, the plasma optical boundary is reconstructed from the photos. Comparing the reconstructed boundary with the one assumed, the logic loophole and its two effects are quantitatively estimated. The finite-width effect is related to the equivalent thickness of the luminous layer, which is generally about 2‒4 cm but sometimes larger. The level of unpredictable errors is around 0.65 cm. The technique based on Hommen’s theory is generally reliable, but finite-width effect and unpredictable errors have to be taken into consideration in some scenarios. The parameters of HL-2M are applied in this work.
Perspective on quantum bubbles in microgravity
Authors: Lundblad Nathan , Aveline David C , Balaž Antun , Bentine Elliot , Bigelow Nicholas P , Boegel Patrick , Efremov Maxim A , Gaaloul Naceur , Meister Matthias , Olshanii Maxim , Sá de Melo Carlos A R , Tononi Andrea , Vishveshwara Smitha , White Angela C , Wolf Alexander , Garraway Barry M 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Progress in understanding quantum systems has been driven by the exploration of the geometry, topology, and dimensionality of ultracold atomic systems. The NASA Cold Atom Laboratory (CAL) aboard the International Space Station has enabled the study of ultracold atomic bubbles, a terrestrially-inaccessible topology. Proof-of-principle bubble experiments have been performed on CAL with an radiofrequency-dressing technique; an alternate technique (dual-species interaction-driven bubbles) has also been proposed. Both techniques can drive discovery in the next decade of fundamental physics research in microgravity.
Polarons in perovskite solar cells: effects on photovoltaic performance and stability
Authors: Zhang Hui , Park Nam-Gyu 
Published: February 2023

Abstract
Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites manifest unique photophysical properties in terms of their long carrier lifetime, low recombination rate, and high defect tolerance, enabling them to be promising candidates in optoelectronic devices. However, such advanced properties are unexpected in perovskite materials with moderate charge mobility. Recent investigations have revealed that these appealing properties were endowed due to the formation of large polarons in the perovskite crystals, resulting from the coupling of photogenerated carriers and a polarized crystal lattice, which largely affected the carrier-transport dynamics and structural stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In this review, first the crystal structure of the perovskite lattice and the formation mechanism of polarons are elucidated. Then, the modulation of polaron states in PSCs, including large polaron stabilization, polaron-facilitated charge transport, hot-carrier solar cells, and polaron-related stability issues such as polaron-induced metastable defects, polaronic strain, and photostriction are systematically investigated. Finally, the prospect of further understanding and manipulating polaron-related phenomena, working toward highly efficient and stable PSCs, is suggested.
Lidstone interpolation III. Several variables
Authors: Waldschmidt Michel 
Published: February 2023

A polynomial in a single variable is uniquely determined by its derivatives of even order at 0 and 1. More precisely, such an univariate polynomial can be written and a finite sum of

f

(
2
n
)

(
0
)

Λ
n

(
1
−
z
)

f^{(2n)}(0) \Lambda _n(1-z)

and

f

(
2
n
)

(
1
)

Λ
n

(
z
)

f^{(2n)}(1) \Lambda _n(z)

, (

n
≥
0

n\ge 0

), where the

Λ
n

(
z
)

\Lambda _n(z)

are the Lidstone polynomials defined by the conditions

(

d

d

z

)

2
k

Λ
n

(
0
)
=
0
and

(

d

d

z

)

2
k

Λ
n

(
1
)
=

δ

k
,
n

,

k
≥
0
,

n
≥
0.

\begin{equation*} \left (\frac {\mathrm {d}}{\mathrm {d}z}\right )^{2k} \Lambda _n(0)=0\text { and } \left (\frac {\mathrm {d}}{\mathrm {d}z}\right )^{2k} \Lambda _n(1)=\delta _{k,n},\quad k\ge 0, \; n\ge 0. \end{equation*}

We generalize this theory to

n
n

variables, replacing the two points

0
0

,

1
1

in

C

\mathbb {C}

with

n
+
1

n+1

points

e
_

0

,

e
_

1

,
…
,

e
_

n

{\underline {e}}_0,{\underline {e}}_1,\dots ,{\underline {e}}_n

in

C

n

\mathbb {C}^n

, where

e
_

0

{\underline {e}}_0

is the origin of

C

n

\mathbb {C}^n

and

e
_

1

,
…
,

e
_

n

{\underline {e}}_1,\dots ,{\underline {e}}_n

the canonical basis of

C

n

\mathbb {C}^n

. By selecting a suitable subset of even order derivatives at these

n
+
1

n+1

points, we show that any polynomial in

n
n

variables has a unique expansion. We obtain generating series for these sequences of polynomials and we deduce an expansion for entire functions in

C

n

\mathbb {C}^n

of exponential type

>
π

>\pi

. We extend to several variables results due to Lidstone [Proceedings Edinburgh Math. Soc., II. Ser. (2)2, 16-19 (1930)], Poritsky [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 34 (1932), pp. 274–331], Whittaker [Proc. London Math. Soc. (2) 36 (1934), pp. 451–469], Schoenberg [Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. 42 (1936), pp. 284–288], Buck [Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 6 (1955), pp. 793–796]. We also show that our results are, to a certain extent, best possible.
Pain in People Experiencing Homelessness: A Scoping Review
Authors: Anastas Tracy M , Stewart Jesse C , Rand Kevin L , Hirsh Adam T 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundPrior work suggests that people experiencing homelessness (PEH) are at heightened risk for developing pain and have a uniquely burdensome pain experience.PurposeThe aim of this scoping review was to map the current peer-reviewed, published literature on the pain experience of PEH.MethodsIn accordance with the US Annual Homeless Assessment Report, we defined homelessness as lacking shelter or a fixed address within the last year. We conceptualized the pain experience via a modified version of the Social Communication Model of Pain, which considers patient, provider, and contextual factors. Published articles were identified with CINHAL, Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases.ResultsSixty-nine studies met inclusion criteria. Studies revealed that PEH have high rates of pain and experience high levels of pain intensity and interference. Substantially fewer studies examined other factors relevant to the pain experience, such as self-management, treatment-seeking behaviors, and pain management within healthcare settings. Nonetheless, initial evidence suggests that pain is undermanaged in PEH.ConclusionsFuture research directions to understand pain and homelessness are discussed, including factors contributing to the under-management of pain. This scoping review may inform future work to develop interventions to address the specific pain care needs of PEH.
Affective Response to Exercise and Affective Judgments as Predictors of Physical Activity Intention and Behavior among New Mothers in their first 6-Months Postpartum
Authors: Rhodes Ryan E , Blanchard Chris M , Hartson Kimberly R , Symons Downs Danielle , Warburton Darren E R , Beauchamp Mark R 
Published: February 2023

AbstractBackgroundUnderstanding the predictors of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) during early postpartum is important to improve promotion efforts. Affect-related constructs are key predictors of MVPA but have limited research in mothers during the postpartum period.PurposeTo examine two affect-related constructs (affective response to exercise and affective judgments) as predictors of MVPA intention and behavior across three months, among a sample of new mothers.MethodsParticipants were 105 mothers (M age = 30.64 years; SD = 3.93) who completed measures during postpartum at 2-months post-birth of their first child. The affective response to exercise (assessed at baseline [2-months postpartum] during a submaximal treadmill test), affective judgments and intention (baseline, 6-weeks after baseline), and MVPA (baseline, 6- and 12-weeks after baseline) were assessed via self-report.ResultsPath analysis, using ordinary least squares regression, showed that the affective response during exercise was a significant predictor of intention (baseline, 6-weeks), as well as change in intention from baseline to 6-weeks. By contrast, affective judgments predicted intention at 6-weeks, but not at baseline or in the change model. Past MVPA did not moderate these findings, although the affective response during exercise also had a significant indirect effect on MVPA through intention at 6-weeks and 12-weeks.ConclusionsInterventions targeting women’s affective response during exercise may be important during postpartum, perhaps through self-paced physical activity guidance. Affective judgments may not be predictive of MVPA, in part due to unanticipated changes during early postpartum leading to inaccurate expectations of the physical activity experience.
Comparative effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for frailty: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Authors: Sun Xuemei , Liu Wenqi , Gao Yinyan , Qin Lang , Feng Hui , Tan Hongzhuan , Chen Qiong , Peng Linlin , Wu Irene X Y 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Background
Frailty endangers the health of older adults. Furthermore, the prevalence of frailty continues to increase as the global population ageing.

Objective
To update evidence on the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for frailty by conducting a network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomised controlled trials (RCTs).

Methods
Eight databases were searched from January 1, 2000, until September 24, 2021. RCTs of interventions for frailty among participants aged ≥60 years were considered eligible. The primary outcome was frailty. Pairwise meta-analysis and NMA were performed, with the pooled standardised mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) being reported.

Results
A total of 69 RCTs were included after screening 16,058 retrieved citations. There were seven types of interventions (11 interventions) for frailty among the included RCTs. Physical activity (PA) (pooled SMD = 0.43, 95% CI: 0.34–0.51), multicomponent intervention (pooled SMD = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.23–0.45) and nutrition intervention (pooled SMD = 0.21, 95% CI: 0.06–0.35) were associated with reducing frailty compared to control, of which PA was the most effective type of intervention. In terms of specific types of PA, resistance training (pooled SMD = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.33–0.83), mind–body exercise (pooled SMD = 0.57, 95% CI: 0.24–0.90), mixed physical training (pooled SMD = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.37–0.57) and aerobic training (pooled SMD = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.09–0.62) were associated with a reduction in frailty compared to usual care. Resistance training was the most effective PA intervention.

Conclusion
Resistance training has the best potential to reduce frailty in older adults. This finding might be useful to clinicians in selecting interventions for older adults with frailty.
Evaluating the effects of a global pandemic on the operation of an investigational drug service
Authors: Coulter Carolyn , Thorne Andrew , Amerine Lindsey 
Published: February 2023

Abstract

Purpose
This study is an analysis of the changes to workload and operations of UNC Health’s investigational drug service (IDS) brought about by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Methods
Workload statistics were collected and analyzed for trend changes to illustrate operational changes necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic within the IDS pharmacy at UNC Health.

Results
Multiple workload metrics declined at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by an increase in the metrics for many categories as the pandemic continued. Notably, monthly inventory added initially decreased by 37.5%, later leveling off but showing increased variability. Fills dispensed and monitoring visits both decreased by 34.5% from the first quarter (Q1) to Q2 of 2020. Both metrics returned to or slightly exceeded prepandemic levels by the end of the study period in March 2021. Patient enrollment decreased 76% from February to May 2020 before dramatically increasing in Q3 of 2020 and Q1 of 2021 with the initiation of COVID-19 vaccine studies. The average time to study startup increased for trials not related to COVID-19 and decreased for COVID-19–related trials. There has been no major impact on the number of open protocols throughout the course of the pandemic.

Conclusion
Despite initial decreases in workload following the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, IDS operations returned to and, in some cases, exceeded prepandemic levels.