bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Management of Pediatric Persistent Asymptomatic Cervical Lymphadenopathy
Authors: Harris Jacqueline E. , Patel Neil N. , Wai Katherine , Rosbe Kristina W. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectivePersistent asymptomatic cervical lymphadenopathy (PACL) is a common outpatient referral diagnosis for pediatric otolaryngologists. Historically, excisional biopsy under general anesthesia has been the gold standard for diagnosis but is associated with some risks. Current literature provides little guidance on less invasive monitoring. Our hypothesis is that the majority of children who present with PACL can be safely monitored with ultrasound and avoid the risks of excisional biopsy.Study DesignA retrospective review was performed of patients <18 years of age, referred to a tertiary care children's hospital for PACL who also underwent at least 1 neck ultrasound from 2007 to 2021. Patients with acute neck infections, congenital masses, or known rheumatologic, immunologic, or malignant conditions were excluded. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine patient and nodal factors associated with the decision for operative management.SettingUniversity of California, San Francisco Pediatric Otolaryngology Department.ResultsAmong the 197 patients meeting inclusion criteria, 30 (15.2%) underwent surgical biopsy. Overall, 26% underwent repeat ultrasound with a mean interval of 6.6 months, and a mean decrease in nodal size of 0.34 cm. Of the 30 surgical cases, 27 (90%) patients had benign pathology. Multivariate regression analysis revealed pain (p = .04), firmness (p < .001), and lack of a normal fatty hilum on ultrasound (p = .04) as statistically significantly correlated with decisions for surgical management.ConclusionThe majority of pediatric PACL is benign and does not require an excisional biopsy to rule out lymphoma. Serial clinical follow‐up with neck ultrasound can be used to safely monitor patients.
A Comparative Study Using Vestibular Mapping in Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss With and Without Vertigo
Authors: Hong Joon‐Pyo , Lee Jung‐Yup , Kim Min‐Beom 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the impairment patterns in peripheral vestibular organs in sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) with and without vertigo.Study DesignRetrospective study.SettingSingle tertiary medical center.MethodsData from 165 SSNHL patients in a tertiary referral center from January 2017 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent a video head impulse test, vestibular evoked myogenic potential test, and pure‐tone audiometry. Hierarchical cluster analysis was performed to investigate vestibular impairment patterns. The prognosis of the hearing was determined using American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery recommendations.ResultsAfter excluding patients with vestibular schwannoma and Meniere's disease, 152 patients were included in this study. A total of 73 of 152 patients were categorized as SSNHL with vertigo (SSNHL_V) and showed an independent merge of the posterior semicircular canal (PSCC) in cluster analysis. A total of 79 of 152 patients were categorized as SSNHL without vertigo (SSNHL_N) and showed an independent merge of saccule in cluster analysis. The PSCC (56.2%) and saccule (20.3%) were the most frequently impaired vestibular organs in SSNHL_V and SSNHL_N, respectively. In terms of prognosis, 106 of 152 patients had partial/no recovery and showed an independent merge of the PSCC in cluster analysis. A total of 46 of 152 patients had a complete recovery and showed an independent merge of the saccule in cluster analysis.ConclusionA tendency of isolated PSCC dysfunction was seen in SSNHL_V and partial/no recovery. A tendency of isolated saccular dysfunction was seen in SSNHL_N and complete recovery. Different treatments might be needed in SSNHL depending on the presence of vertigo.
Disentangling Social Determinants of Health and Rurality in Head and Neck Cancer 2‐Year Mortality
Authors: Virgen Celina , Renslo Bryan , Sawaf Tuleen , Shnayder Yelizaveta , Kakarala Kiran , Bur Andrés M. , Sykes Kevin J. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSocial determinants of health (SDoH) and rurality are known factors that may influence outcomes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Patients residing in remote locations or those with multiple SDoH may encounter barriers to initial diagnosis, adherence to multidisciplinary treatments, and posttreatment surveillance, which may impact their overall survival. However, previous studies have shown mixed results associated with rural residence. The aim of this study is to identify the impact of rurality and SDoH on 2‐year survival in HNSCC. The study was conducted using a Head and Neck Cancer Registry at a single institution from June 2018 through July 2022. Rurality, defined by US census scores, and individual measures of SDoH were used. Our results indicate that each additional adverse SDoH factor results in 1.5 times the odds of mortality at 2 years. Individualized measures of SDoH, rather than rurality alone, better reflect patient prognosis in HNSCC.
Climate change records in coversand deposits from the eastern margin of the Tarnów Plateau (southeast Poland)
Authors: Sokołowski Tadeusz , Woronko Barbara , Chmielowska‐Michalak Dorota 
Published: July 2023

AbstractCoversands (CSs) are one of the most distinctive sediments within the European Sand Belt. Their extraordinary thickness, exceeding 6 m, was recorded at the Góra Motyczna site located at the edge of the Wisłoka River valley in the Tarnów Plateau (southeast Poland). The sedimentary record of the studied CSs sets their arrangement into one of two sedimentary cycles. Each consists of sandy (A1 and A2) and silty (B1 and B2) lithofacies, forming an A1 ⇒ B1 ⇒ A2 ⇒ B2 sequence that is considered to be a record of climate change during the Weichselian Late Pleniglacial. Sandy lithofacies accumulation occurred under dry and snow‐free climatic conditions, whereas silty lithofacies accumulation marks an increase in humidity as a result of the presence of snow‐cover. Sediment optical dating indicated that the studied CSs were deposited in a period from ~18–17 to ~16–15 ka. The period of accumulation was therefore short, which is confirmed by the analysis of quartz‐grain shape and surface type. Due to this brevity of aeolian processes during this period, the only change expressed is in grain‐surface microrelief; thus, the quartz grains had already inherited their shape and degree of rounding from their source environments and earlier processes. The source sediments could have been artefacts of Miocene and Quaternary deflationary sediments associated with blowouts.
Paenibacillus polymyxa YLC1: a promising antagonistic strain for biocontrol of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae, causing kiwifruit bacterial canker
Authors: Wang Hua , Wang Nana , Tan Yunxiao , Mi Qianqian , Mao Yiru , Zhao Chao , Tian Xiangrong , Liu Wei , Huang Lili 
Published: July 2023

AbstractBackgroundKiwifruit bacterial canker (KBC) caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa) is the main limiting factor in the kiwifruit industry. This study aimed to identify bacterial strains with antagonistic activity against Psa, analyze antagonistically active substances and provide a new basis for the biological control of KBC.ResultsA total of 142 microorganisms were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of asymptomatic kiwifruit. Among them, an antagonistic bacterial strain was identified as Paenibacillus polymyxa YLC1 by 16S rRNA sequencing. KBC control by strain YLC1 (85.4%) was comparable to copper hydroxide treatment (81.8%) under laboratory conditions and field testing. Active substances of strain YLC1 were identified by genetic sequence analysis using antiSMASH. Six biosynthetic active compound gene clusters were identified as encoding ester peptide synthesis, such as polymyxins. An active fraction was purified and identified as polymyxin B1 using chromatography, hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry. In addition, polymyxin B1 also was found significantly to suppress the expression of T3SS‐related genes, but did not affect the growth of Psa at low concentrations.ConclusionIn this study, a biocontrol strain P. polymyxa YLC1 obtained from kiwifruit rhizosphere soil exhibited excellent control effects on KBC in vitro and in field tests. Its active compound was identified as polymyxin B1, which inhibits a variety of pathogenic bacteria. We conclude that P. polymyxa YLC1 is a biocontrol strain with excellent prospects for development and application. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
Comparative study of domination parameters with the π‐electronic energy of benzenoid hydrocarbons
Authors: Khan Suliman 
Published: July 2023

AbstractA graph consist of vertex set and edge set . A dominating set of a graph is a subset of , such that any vertex of is either in or has a neighbor in . The domination number of a graph is the number of vertices in a minimum dominating set. In this article, we find the values of seven important domination parameters namely, paired domination number , independent domination number , connected domination number , restrained domination number , total domination number , split domination number , and non‐split domination number for a class of molecular compounds of benzenoid hydrocarbons. Further, we perform a comparative analysis of these parameters with the ‐electronic energy of benzenoid hydrocarbons. The parameters which are highly correlated with ‐electronic energy of benzenoid hydrocarbons to be further studied for quantitative property relationship/structure‐activity.
Recent Progress of Self‐Supported Metal Oxide Nano‐Porous Arrays in Energy Storage Applications
Authors: Gao Jianhong , Wang Kun , Cao Jun , Zhang Ming , Lin Feng , Ling Min , Wang Minjun , Liang Chengdu , Chen Jun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractThe demand for high‐performance and cost‐effective energy storage solutions for mobile electronic devices and electric vehicles has been a driving force for technological advancements. Among the various options available, transitional metal oxides (TMOs) have emerged as a promising candidates due to their exceptional energy storage capabilities and affordability. In particular, TMO nanoporous arrays fabricated by electrochemical anodization technique demonstrate unrivaled advantages including large specific surface area, short ion transport paths, hollow structures that reduce bulk expansion of materials, and so on, which have garnered significant research attention in recent decades. However, there is a lack of comprehensive reviews that discuss the progress of anodized TMO nanoporous arrays and their applications in energy storage. Therefore, this review aims to provide a systematic detailed overview of recent advancements in understanding the ion storage mechanisms and behavior of self‐organized anodic TMO nanoporous arrays in various energy storage devices, including alkali metal ion batteries, Mg/Al‐ion batteries, Li/Na metal batteries, and supercapacitors. This review also explores modification strategies, redox mechanisms, and outlines future prospects for TMO nanoporous arrays in energy storage.
All‐Climate Long‐Life and Fast‐Charging Sodium‐Ion Battery using Co3S4@NiS2 Heterostructures Encapsulated in Carbon Matrix as Anode
Authors: Huang Xiaofei , Wang Rui , Wu Lihui , Zhang Huigang , Liu Jinyun 
Published: July 2023

AbstractSodium‐ion (Na‐ion) battery is one of the research focuses because of high theoretical capacity and low cost. However, seeking for ideal anodes remains a big challenge. Here, a Co3S4@NiS2/C synthesized by in situ growing NiS2 on CoS spheres then converting to Co3S4@NiS2 heterostructures encapsulated by carbon matrix, is developed as a promising anode. Co3S4@NiS2/C as anode displays a high capacity of 654.1 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles. Even over 2000 cycles at a high rate of 10 A g−1, capacity exceeds 143.2 mAh g−1. Heterostructures between Co3S4 and NiS2 improve electron transfer as verified by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In addition, when cycling at a high temperature of 50 °C, the Co3S4@NiS2/C anode displays 525.2 mAh g−1, while it remains 340 mAh g−1 at −15 °C, indicating all‐climate potential for using under different temperatures.
Residual behavior of reinforced concrete corbels after exposure to elevated temperatures
Authors: Amani Saeed , Yousefpour Hossein 
Published: July 2023

AbstractMany precast concrete structures make use of corbels, which are small cantilevers that transfer eccentric point loads to columns or walls. When such structures experience a fire event, the residual strength of their corbels may need to be evaluated. This paper examines the residual behavior of reinforced concrete corbels exposed to elevated temperatures. Sixteen full‐scale double‐corbel specimens with two shear span‐to‐depth (a/d) ratios and different reinforcement layouts were fabricated and tested in ambient conditions or after exposure to temperatures of 550°C and 780°C. The load–displacement behavior, failure mode, and load‐carrying capacity of the specimens were investigated. Exposure to 550°C and 780°C reduced the strength of the specimens by up to 22% and 51%, respectively and increased the displacement at failure between 100% and 150%. The strut‐and‐tie method in ACI 318‐19 provided conservative estimates of the residual capacities of heat‐affected corbels if calculations are based on residual mechanical properties at the surface or average mechanical properties between surface and core of the specimens. When exposed to heat, corbels with smaller a/d ratios showed better strength retention if horizontal distributed reinforcement is used while corbels with larger a/d ratios better retained their strength if employing bidirectionally distributed reinforcement.
Effects of rice husk ash on strength and durability performance of slag‐based alkali‐activated concrete
Authors: Pradhan Shashwati Soumya , Mishra Umesh , Biswal Sushant Kumar , Pramanik Subhadip , Jangra Parveen , Aslani Farhad 
Published: July 2023

AbstractDespite their low impact on the environment and excellent mechanical strength, alkali‐activated concretes (AAC) can potentially replace ordinary Portland cement based concrete (OPC). However, AAC can be eco‐friendly and more sustainable by incorporating agricultural waste such as rice husk ash (RHA). Therefore, this study investigated the impact of RHA on the strength and durability performance of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) based AAC. For this purpose, seven mixes were made, in which RHA partially substituted GGBS with an increment of 5% up to 30%. The results of the experiments show that the workability and unit weight of AAC mixes decreased as the amount of RHA in the mix increased. The compressive strength of AAC mixes lies between 39.78 and 64.80 MPa, which is adequate for structural application. The AAC showed similar trends for all the mixes in terms of water absorption, permeable voids, apparent porosity and sorptivity. Compared to other mixes, the 5% GGBS substituted with RHA yields the highest resistance against carbonation. Compared to the sulfuric acid (H2SO4) cured sample, the specimen treated with hydrochloric acid (HCl) performed better in loss in mass, strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity. From scanning electron microscope test, the dense microstructure with pore refinement was observed in GGBS based AAC mix with 10% RHA content. According to the findings, RHA content up to 10% substitution can be used as a substitute for the binder to produce sustainable AAC with greater durability and could eventually replace conventional concrete in structural applications.
Functional nasal surgery in the office‐based setting
Authors: Mowery Alia J. , Razavi Christopher R. 
Published: July 2023

AbstractObjectiveNasal obstruction is a very common problem often addressed by functional nasal surgery. Increasingly, these procedures are being performed in the office setting secondary to decreased down time, cost, and obviation of general anesthesia. Our goal with this review is to discuss how to appropriately select patients for office–based procedures, what procedures may be considered, and current outcomes with in–office functional nasal surgery.Data SourcesPubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar.MethodsResearch databases were searched for articles discussing techniques for performing functional nasal surgery in an office setting, and outcomes of various in–office functional nasal procedures.ResultsStudies found and included in this review discuss many aspects of office–based functional nasal surgery, including practical points on patient selection and office set–up, what procedures can safely be performed, and outcomes of different techniques to address specific problems. Broadly, procedures amenable to performance in the office address the internal and external nasal valves, the nasal septum, and the inferior turbinates.ConclusionA wide range of techniques to aaddress the nasal valves, septum, and inferior turbinates can be performed in a safe and effective manner without the need for an operative suite.
Theoretische Diskurse, Forschungsstand und Desiderate zu den Konzepten von Lebenswelt, Lebensbedingungen, Alltäglicher Lebensführung und alltäglicher Lebenssituation
Authors: Schlüter Saskia 
Published: July 2023

ZusammenfassungFür die Auseinandersetzung mit dem Konzept von alltäglicher Lebenssituation, die in Kapitel 4 in der vorliegenden Arbeit erfolgt, erscheint es zunächst notwendig, die theoretischen Annahmen zu den Begriffen Lebenswelt, Lebensbedingungen, Alltägliche Lebensführung und alltäglicher Lebenssituation darzustellen (2.1), um eine intersubjektive Nachvollziehbarkeit der gewählten theoretischen Ausgangslage zu gewährleisten. Daran anschließend werden der Forschungsstand sowie zentrale Forschungsdesiderate aufgezeigt (2.2), um davon ausgehend die Forschungsfragen der vorliegenden Arbeit ableiten zu können (2.3).
Supersymmetric localization: 𝒩 = (2, 2) theories on S2 and AdS2
Authors: Lezcano Alfredo González , Jeon Imtak , Ray Augniva 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Application of the supersymmetric localization method to theories on anti-de Sitter spacetime has received recent interest, yet still remains as a challenging problem. In this paper, we focus on (global) Euclidean AdS2, on which we consider an Abelian 𝒩 = (2, 2) theory and implement localization computation to obtain the exact partition function. For comparison, we also revisit the theory on S2 and perform a parallel computation. We refine the notion of equivariant supersymmetry and use appropriate functional integration measure. For AdS2 we choose a supersymmetric boundary condition which is compatible with the principle of variation. To evaluate the 1-loop determinant about the localization saddle, we use index theory and fixed point formula, where we pay attention to the effect of zero modes and their superpartners. The existence of fermionic superpartner of 1-form boundary zero modes is proven. Obtaining the 1-loop determinant requires expansion of the index that presents an ambiguity, which we resolve using boundary condition. The resulting partition function reveals an overall dependence on the size of the background manifold, AdS2 as well as S2, as a sum of two types of contributions: a local one from local conformal anomaly through the index computation and a global one coming from zero modes. This overall size dependence matches with the perturbative 1-loop evaluation using heat kernel method.
Genetic associations vary across the spectrum of fasting serum insulin: results from the European IDEFICS/I.Family children’s cohort
Authors: Mehlig Kirsten , Foraita Ronja , Nagrani Rajini , Wright Marvin N. , De Henauw Stefaan , Molnár Dénes , Moreno Luis A. , Russo Paola , Tornaritis Michael , Veidebaum Toomas , Lissner Lauren , Kaprio Jaakko , Pigeot Iris ,   on behalf of the I.Family consortium
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Aims/hypothesis
There is increasing evidence for the existence of shared genetic predictors of metabolic traits and neurodegenerative disease. We previously observed a U-shaped association between fasting insulin in middle-aged women and dementia up to 34 years later. In the present study, we performed genome-wide association (GWA) analyses for fasting serum insulin in European children with a focus on variants associated with the tails of the insulin distribution.

Methods
Genotyping was successful in 2825 children aged 2–14 years at the time of insulin measurement. Because insulin levels vary during childhood, GWA analyses were based on age- and sex-specific z scores. Five percentile ranks of z-insulin were selected and modelled using logistic regression, i.e. the 15th, 25th, 50th, 75th and 85th percentile ranks (P15–P85). Additive genetic models were adjusted for age, sex, BMI, survey year, survey country and principal components derived from genetic data to account for ethnic heterogeneity. Quantile regression was used to determine whether associations with variants identified by GWA analyses differed across quantiles of log-insulin.

Results
A variant in the SLC28A1 gene (rs2122859) was associated with the 85th percentile rank of the insulin z score (P85, p value=3×10−8). Two variants associated with low z-insulin (P15, p value <5×10−6) were located on the RBFOX1 and SH3RF3 genes. These genes have previously been associated with both metabolic traits and dementia phenotypes. While variants associated with P50 showed stable associations across the insulin spectrum, we found that associations with variants identified through GWA analyses of P15 and P85 varied across quantiles of log-insulin.

Conclusions/interpretation
The above results support the notion of a shared genetic architecture for dementia and metabolic traits. Our approach identified genetic variants that were associated with the tails of the insulin spectrum only. Because traditional heritability estimates assume that genetic effects are constant throughout the phenotype distribution, the new findings may have implications for understanding the discrepancy in heritability estimates from GWA and family studies and for the study of U-shaped biomarker–disease associations.

Graphical Abstract
Psychosocial risk factors of youth suicide in the Western Pacific: a scoping review
Authors: Morshidi Mohammad Izzat , Chew Peter K. H. , Suárez Lidia 
Published: July 2023

Abstract
Introduction
The Western Pacific region accounts for 25% of global suicide rates globally. In the last decade, however, there is a rising concern over the rate of youth suicides in the region. In line with the regional vision of reducing the rate of non-communicable diseases by 2025, the study contributes to the literature by utilizing a scoping review approach to identify psychosocial risk factors associated with youth suicide in the region.

Method
Publications on youth suicide in the Western Pacific region between 2010 and 2021 were reviewed. A total of 43 publications met the inclusion criteria and were read in full.

Results
Psychosocial risk factors associated with suicide in each publication were identified and thematically classified into five themes: interpersonal factors, history of abuse, academic factors, work factors, and minority status.

Discussion
Findings showed discrepancies in youth suicide research across member nations in the Western Pacific. Implications for regional policies on suicide prevention and future research were discussed.