bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Monkeying around with bat scapulae: Old World fruit bats show arboreal adaptations of primates lacking in New World fruit bats
Authors: Adams R. A. , Carter R. T. , Hardgrave A. J. 
Published: February 2025

AbstractComparative analysis of nonflight morphologies can give important insight into the early ancestral origin of bats by revealing locomotor adaptations that may have predated wings. Because the scapula of bats is not directly involved in flight mechanics but does retain a primary role in walking and climbing, morphological analysis may help resolve if the ancestor to bats was arboreal or terrestrial as well as if bats are indeed monophyletic. We compared the scapulae of species representing the body mass range of Old World fruit bats (Pteropodidae) with those spanning the body mass range and diverse diets of New World fruit bats (Phyllostomidae), with a focus on the subfamily Stenodermatinae whose members have very similar niches to pteropodids. Because we were interested in scapular traits associated with climbing versus walking, we analyzed characters known to differentiate arboreal from terrestrial primates, in both contemporary and extinct lineages. We hypothesized that the scapulae of both fruit bat families would show similar adaptations, either for terrestrial or arboreal locomotion, especially if they were derived monophyletically. We found that pteropodids scapulae showed overall adaptations associated with climbing and suspensory locomotion similar to arboreal primates, whereas phyllostomids possessed character states indicating terrestrially adapted scapular morphology. Comparing the scapulae of contemporary species with the scapulae from full‐bodied fossil bats from the Eocene and Oligocene epochs showed alignments that may depict the evolutionary underpinnings of each group's adaptations.
Stomach Microbiome Simplification of a Coral Reef Fish at Its Novel Cold‐Range Edge Under Climate Change
Authors: Hayes Chloe , Mitchell Angus , Huerlimann Roger , Jolly Jeffrey , Li Chengze , Booth David J. , Ravasi Timothy , Nagelkerken Ivan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTClimate‐driven range extensions of animals into higher latitudes are often facilitated by phenotypic plasticity. Modifications to habitat preference, behaviour and diet can increase the persistence of range‐extending species in novel high‐latitude ecosystems. These strategies may be influenced by changes in their gut and stomach microbial communities that are critical to host fitness and potentially adaptive plasticity. Yet, it remains unknown if the gut and stomach microbiome of range‐extending species is plastic in their novel ranges to help facilitate these modifications. Here, we categorised stomach microbiome communities of a prevalent range‐extending coral reef fish along a 2000‐km latitudinal gradient in a global warming hotspot, extending from their tropical core range to their temperate cold range edge. At their cold range edge, the coral reef fish's stomach microbiome showed a 59% decrease in bacterial diversity and a 164% increase in the relative abundance of opportunistic bacteria (Vibrio) compared to their core range. Microbiome diversity was unaffected by fish body size, water temperature, physiology (cellular defence and damage) and habitat type (turf, barren, oyster, kelp and coral) across their range. The observed shifts in microbiome composition suggest dysbiosis and low plasticity of tropical range‐extending fishes to novel environmental conditions (e.g., temperate prey and lower seawater temperature) at their novel range edges, which may increase their susceptibility to disease in temperate ecosystems. We conclude that fishes extending their ranges to higher latitudes under ocean warming can experience a simplification (i.e., reduced diversity) of their stomach microbiome, which could restrict their current rate of range extensions or establishment in temperate ecosystems.
‘Zionism as the Legacy of Cyrus’: (Online) Proxy Nationalism of Diasporic Iranians
Authors: Rahbari Ladan 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThis paper focuses on examining the online activities of a group of diasporic Iranians who exhibit Israeli proxy nationalism online by openly expressing support for Israel and Zionism. By analysing posts, reposts and comments made on X after the Hamas‐led attack on Israel on 7 October 2023 using the hashtag #IraniansStandWithIsrael, the paper aims to uncover the ideological and political motivations driving this group of diasporic Iranians' pro‐Israeli proxy nationalism. The paper identified multiple modes through which solidarity with Israel is expressed online. Two primary modes are recognizing a common enemy and shared suffering, which fosters a sense of solidarity between the two groups; and collective memory and nostalgia, highlighting the ancient bond between two peoples. The paper considers this group of Iranians as an extreme diaspora and discusses how online Israeli proxy nationalism is instrumentalized to reconstruct a racialized notion of ‘authentic Iranianness’, which serves to reinforce the existent Iranian nationalist narratives.
Exploring tail reliance and interconnectedness: GCC stock markets, sustainable investments, and renewable energy cryptos through Q‐VAR analysis
Authors: Liu Yadong , Radu Florin , Habib Qudasia , Odette Breaz Teodora , Jaradat Mohammad , Adrian Lile Raul , Hazaparu Violeta , Andreea Ciolomic Ioana , Shabbir Malik Shahzad , Sagheer Muhammad 
Published: February 2025

AbstractThis inspection examines the extreme tail reliance between the GCC stock market indices, sustainable investments, and renewable energy cryptos employing the Q‐VAR approach. For this reason, this inspection incorporated global uncertainties, which include the volatility index (VIX) and CBOE crude oil volatility (OVX), to determine their significant impacts on the magnitude and strength of the trend relationship between multiple asset classes. In contrast, to better understand the robustness of hedging potential of selected eco‐resilient investments in times of instability, this analysis employs two sustainable investment measures: the Dow Jones Sustainability Index (DJSI) and the S&P Green Bond Index (SPGBI).
The Propensity to Evil and the Evil Fundamental Maxim
Authors: Damstra Conrad 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTKant's view that there is a propensity to evil in human nature has been thought to be both internally inconsistent and in tension with his other philosophical commitments. This essay provides an interpretation of the propensity to evil to defend Kant from these objections. I argue that the propensity to evil is the choice of the evil fundamental maxim. I then assess Kant's claims that the propensity to evil is universal and inextirpable given this interpretation. I conclude by proposing a new interpretation of why Kant deliberately employs religious language in developing his account of the propensity to evil.
Pediatric Ewing's Sarcoma and Permanent Chemotherapy‐Induced Alopecia: A Case–Control Study
Authors: Lillich Madeline , Gold Stuart , McShane Diana 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTPermanent chemotherapy‐induced alopecia (PCIA), defined as the persistence of hair loss for > 6 months following chemotherapy cessation, is a rare pediatric diagnosis. A retrospective chart review was conducted to characterize cases of PCIA not previously reported in pediatric Ewing's sarcoma (ES) patients after completion of therapeutic chemotherapy, comparing demographic factors, cumulative chemotherapy dosing, family history of hair loss, and treatment methodologies with a control group. Of 12 patients with an history of pediatric ES, three were diagnosed with PCIA. Our findings suggest that PCIA can occur after treatment for ES in the pediatric population and that treatments, including topical and oral minoxidil, can be beneficial but may not result in complete hair regrowth.
Exploring Intimate Dynamics in Same‐Sex Couples: The Role of the Subjective Orgasm Experience in Relationship Satisfaction
Authors: Mangas Pablo , Sierra Juan Carlos , Pérez‐Amorós Carlos 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTThe subjective orgasm experience (SOE) is conceptualized as the evaluation of orgasm from a psychological approach. There are a few precedents regarding the association of this dimension of sexuality with nonsexual aspects, such as relationship satisfaction. This study involved 110 Spanish same‐sex couples (53 male and 57 female), ages ranging from 18 to 54 years, and an average relationship duration of 42.82 months. Most participants reported exclusively homosexual sexual practices, with some engaging in varying degrees of bisexual contact. The study analyzed the dyadic effects of SOE dimensions (i.e., affective, sensory, intimacy, and rewards) on relationship satisfaction and the extent to which intradyadic discrepancies in SOE dimensions explain the variance in relationship satisfaction. In male couples, relationship satisfaction was positively explained by the individual's affective dimension and negatively explained by the partner's intimacy dimension. In female couples, it was positively explained by the partner's rewards dimension. The analysis of discrepancies revealed a decrease in relationship satisfaction due to intradyadic discrepancies in the affective and intimacy dimensions, but only in male couples. Our findings emphasize the need to consider how the perception of orgasm may influence satisfaction with relationship quality and the valuation of bonding.
Global sensitivity analysis of integrated assessment models with multivariate outputs
Authors: Chiani Leonardo , Borgonovo Emanuele , Plischke Elmar , Tavoni Massimo 
Published: February 2025

AbstractRisk assessments of complex systems are often supported by quantitative models. The sophistication of these models and the presence of various uncertainties call for systematic robustness and sensitivity analyses. The multivariate nature of their response challenges the use of traditional approaches. We propose a structured methodology to perform uncertainty quantification and global sensitivity analysis for risk assessment models with multivariate outputs. At the core of the approach are novel sensitivity measures based on the theory of optimal transport. We apply the approach to the uncertainty quantification and global sensitivity analysis of emissions pathways estimated via an eminent open‐source climate–economy model (RICE50+). The model has many correlated inputs and multivariate outputs. We use up‐to‐date input distributions and long‐term projections of key demographic and socioeconomic drivers. The sensitivity of the model is explored under alternative policy architectures: a cost‐benefit analysis with and without international cooperation and a cost‐effective analysis consistent with the Paris Agreement objective of keeping temperature increase below 2°C. In the cost‐benefit scenarios, the key drivers of uncertainty are the emission intensity of the economy and the emission reduction costs. In the Paris Agreement scenario, the main driver is the sensitivity of the climate system, followed by the projected carbon intensity. We present insights at the multivariate model output level and discuss how the importance of inputs changes across regions and over time.
The Borders Between US: The Effects of Deportation on Men's Romantic Relationships
Authors: Torres Jose Alfredo 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACTUsing a family systems theoretical framework, the author was able to examine how deportations disrupted Salvadoran immigrant men's relationships with their romantic partners and their children in the US. While some romantic couples were able to adjust to the changes in their families, most couples were unable to readjust and decided to end their long‐term relationships. In this study, two men who were deported adjusted to the changes and remained in long‐distance relationships with their romantic partners. However, 16 of the men who were deported decided to end their relationships with their romantic partners. And 10 of the men who were deported decided to start new romantic relationships in El Salvador. This study highlights how deportations can fundamentally restructure romantic relationships and severe family ties that are important for their children. This study also demonstrates how romantic couples adjust to their new family circumstances and realities following their removal. These findings are significant in that they provide insight into how deported men and their romantic partners respond to major changes in their relationships and families. This study highlights the need for new immigration laws and policies and support services for romantic couples and families who have experienced family separations.
Intact microdissection of stellate ganglia in a Parkinson's disease model reveals aggregation of mutant human α‐synuclein in their cell bodies
Authors: Lee Bonn , Ahmad Shiraz , Edling Charlotte E. , LeBeau Fiona E. N. , Jeevaratnam Kamalan 
Published: February 2025

AbstractCardiac dysautonomia plays an important role in understanding Parkinson's disease (PD), with recent studies highlighting the presence of α‐synuclein in cardiac tissue. We hypothesise that sympathetic dysregulation observed in PD may involve pathological changes caused by α‐synuclein in stellate ganglia (SG). This study aimed to investigate α‐synucleinopathy in SG of the genetic PD murine animal model. Mice overexpressing Ala30Pro (A30P) mutant α‐synuclein were used. We here demonstrate a technique for meticulously dissecting SG. The collected SG from the transgenic mice were immunolabelled with neuronal markers, A30P human mutant α‐synuclein and anti‐α‐synuclein aggregates. A30P mutant α‐synuclein protein was expressed in the sympathetic neuronal (tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)‐positive) cell bodies. Approximately 27% of the TH‐positive cell bodies expressed the A30P mutant α‐synuclein protein. The mutant protein was densely localised at the cardiopulmonary pole of the SG. Additionally, we observed that the A30P mutant protein formed fibril aggregation in the SG. Our findings suggest that α‐synucleinopathy in the PD animal model can affect the sympathetic autonomic nervous system, providing insight for further research into targeting α‐synuclein pathology in the SG as a potential link between cardiac dysautonomia and PD.
Environmental pollutant SO₂ exposure affects trophoblast function involving an ER stress pathway
Authors: Singh Sunil , Goel Isha , Quadri Javed Ahsan , Minocha Rashmi , Kashyap Neha , Rana Anubhuti , Ahirwar Ashok , Sahoo Om Saswat , Dhar Ruby , Karmakar Subhradip 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSulphur dioxide (SO₂) is a toxic air pollutant with deleterious effects on the respiratory, cardiovascular, endocrine and reproductive systems. SO₂, being freely diffusible, can cross the placenta and reach the fetal system. Previous studies have reported the association between SO₂ exposure and adverse pregnancy and fetal outcomes without much emphasis on its molecular aspects. The present study has investigated the adverse consequences of SO₂ derivatives on the two key trophoblast functions critical for placentation: invasion and fusion. SO₂ exposure inhibited the fusogenic potential of BeWo cells, as well as the invasion and migratory ability of the extravillous HTR8/SVneo cells. A molecular insight revealed dysregulated endoplasmic reticulum stress, with an altered epigenetic state as seen by histone modifications following SO₂ exposure. Collectively, our findings revealed the harmful effect of SO₂ and its consequences on the placental function. We therefore elucidated the detrimental impact of SO₂ exposure on trophoblast cells and the possible health consequences that may contribute to pregnancy‐related complications as a result of compromised placental function.
imageKey points
Sulphur dioxide (SO₂) derivatives severely impaired trophoblasts migration, invasion and its ability of fusogenic differentiation.
SO₂ derivatives appear to affect trophoblast cell interactions, thereby affecting its 3D organization and its capacity to form spheroids.
Mechanistic insight into these events indicates SO₂ derivatives mediated the induction of endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation, as well as altered histone‐3 markers.
We therefore conclude that SO₂ exposure has a detrimental effect on placental trophoblast cells. Long‐term exposure during pregnancy may result in an adverse outcome.
Determination the effect of different implant impression splinting techniques on the dimensional accuracy: an in vitro study
Authors: Rezaei Pourmashizi Zahra , Amini Parviz 
Published: February 2025

The current study aimed to determine the effect of different implant impression splinting techniques on dimensional accuracy. Five analog implant pairs were fixed in 5 jaw models using auto polymerizing resin. After completing the polymerization for 1 week, the impression copings were connected to the analogs. Then, the models were scanned by a laboratory scanner, and the results were used as reference data. In the next step, impression copings were splinted with flowable composite material. Then, the copings were separated from the analogs and connected to one of the analogs by turning 180 degrees, and the copings were scanned with a scanner. This process was repeated for auto polymerizing acrylic resin [which was cut in the middle and then connected by the same material], BIS-acryl composite resin, and light cure glass ionomer. The scanner output was entered into the GOM Inspect software, and the obtained information was saved in three-dimensional form and STL format. The distance, depth, and angle of implants were measured by software, and Friedman's non-parametric test was used for statistical analysis in different splinting materials. Data from this study showed that no significant differences were seen regarding implant distances [p=0.121], implant depths [p=0.334], and implant angles [p=0.856] using different splinting materials compared to the master model. In conclusion, we may demonstrate that due to insignificant differences regarding linear, depth, and angular errors between implants and master model as well as acceptable values of the errors, studied splinting materials are recommended to achieve accurate impressions in implant treatments.
IoT-based Human Movement Monitoring System: Prospect for Conceptual Digital Twin
Authors: Parween Gulfeshan , Al-Anbuky Adnan , Mawston Grant , Lowe Andrew 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The growing popularity of smart healthcare and novel innovations in human movement monitoring systems open doors for diagnosing various health conditions, including neurological disorders, musculoskeletal system problems, mobility limitations associated with aging, and the oversight of rehabilitation programs. This paper discusses the technical challenges, potential applications, and prospects for conceptual Digital Twin (DT) Technology in IoT-based human monitoring systems, underscoring its role in revolutionizing rehabilitation strategies. Current studies emphasize the possibilities of IoT and Digital Twin (DT) technologies across various sectors, including healthcare. However, given its use in real-time monitoring and follow-up of end-to-end rehabilitation programs is still emerging. Integrating Digital Twin in the existing IoT-based human movement monitoring system facilitates the handling of large amounts of data, supports analytics, and provides a platform for integrating additional services. This proposed framework incorporates inertia or wearable sensors to collect data on human activities during rehabilitation, utilizes fast Fourier transform (FFT) for feature extraction, and employs advanced Machine Learning algorithms for activity recognition along with Artificial Intelligence for predictive analytics. Furthermore, it implements a data-driven virtual model that mirrors physical behaviors for enhanced real-time monitoring and tunes the system based on personal requirements.
A broadband piezoelectric energy harvester with robust control using piecewise nonlinearity
Authors: Guan Yuqin , D'Souza Kiran 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Research in the field of vibration energy harvesting has been increasing over the past decade. Researchers have developed various methods to collect unused or wasted energy from physical systems, such as bridges. This paper presents and tests a piecewise-linear (PWL) piezoelectric energy harvester design. Similar studies have been conducted for an electromagnetic energy harvester and have shown the benefit of implementing a PWL energy harvester for some potential applications. This work investigates the performance of the PWL energy harvester using a piezoelectric cantilever beam as the energy generator, which is more suitable for smaller-scale harvesting applications. The design of the piezoelectric cantilever beam system uses a simple control algorithm to maintain the optimal gap size in the system. This design actively adjusts the resonance frequency to maximize power generation over a larger frequency range to make self-powered sensors more viable. The resonance frequency is optimized by adjusting the gap size between the piezoelectric cantilever beam and an elastic stopper using a combination of linear actuators, circuits and microprocessors. The design shows an increased performance in maintaining an optimized vibrating amplitude in the pre-computed frequency range. An experimental realization of the design is tested and compared with the computational prediction to validate the design's effectiveness.
The Hybrid Pathway To Flexible Power Turbines: Part IV, Automated Construction Of Mesh Derived Thermal Network Models For Fast Full-Machine Thermal Analysis
Authors: Baker Mark , Rosic Budimir 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The global drive towards renewable energy is imposing challenging operating requirements on power turbines. Flexible load-leveling applications must accept more frequent and demanding start-stop cycles. Full transient analyses are too computationally expensive for real-time simulation across all operating regimes so monitoring relies on sparse physical measurements. Alone, these sparse data lack the fidelity for real-time prediction of a complex thermal field. A new hybrid methodology is proposed, coupling data across a range of fidelities to bridge the limitations in the individual analyses. Combining several fidelity methods in parallel: low-order models, corrected by real-time physical measurements, are calibrated with high-fidelity simulations. The multi-faceted hybrid approach enables the real-time speed of low-order analysis at high resolution. This paper series develops the critical enabling features of the hybrid method.
Fast 3D thermal simulation is fundamental to the methodology. Low-order network models enable the real-time thermal calculation of regions inaccessible to monitoring and facilitate clearance and stress simulation necessary for flexible turbine operation. A novel automated construction method is presented, allowing complex full turbine thermal networks to be built with ease. Developed in Tensorflow, the thermal networks directly support GPU acceleration and neural network integration for seamless data transfer within the hybrid system. Capturing flow and material physics from high fidelity data, the hybrid network method demonstrates comparable accuracy at greatly reduced computational cost. The method is validated using real-machine data capturing a period of flexible transient operation.