bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A randomized clinical study evaluating thirty-month clinical performance of Class II indirect restorations in endodontically-treated teeth using ceramic, hybrid, and composite CAD/CAM blocks
Authors: Arslan Soley , Karagön Mehmet , Balkaya Hacer , Köse Burak 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Objectives
This clinical study evaluates the 30-month clinical performance of class II indirect restorations using ceramic, hybrid, composite blocks to endodontically-treated teeth.
Materials and methods
A total of 60 indirect class II restorations were performed in 51 patients using Cerasmart (GC Dental Products Europe, Leuven, Belgium) composite, IPS e.max CAD (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) ceramic, and Vita Enamic (Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Sackingen, Germany) hybrid blocks. All the restored teeth had root canal treatment. The restorations were evaluated using modified FDI criteria for 30 months. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis analysis and Friedman two-way analysis of variance.
Results
A total of 53 restorations of the 60 restorations could be followed up at the end of 30 months. No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups after 30 months in terms of all criteria evaluated (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
Composite, ceramic, and hybrid blocks showed successful clinical performance in posterior teeth with large material loss.
Clinical relevance:
In the literature, the information about which indirect material is the most appropriate for the restoration of endodontically treated teeth is insufficient. In this study, the restorations made using different indirect materials showed similar clinical performance at the end of the 30-month.
Absence of electric field outside a static charged black hole - something awry in Reissner–Nordström metric
Authors: Singal Ashok k. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Using the principle of equivalence, it has recently been shown that the electrostatic field lines of a charge, stationary in the gravitational field, bend exactly like the trajectories of photons emitted isotropically from a source at the charge location and that the fraction of electric flux crossing a surface `below' or `above' the charge is exactly similar to the fraction of photon trajectories intersecting these surfaces, with more flux in the downward direction than upward. Since photon trajectories as well as electric field lines, at any location in the gravitational field, are affected by the local space-time curvature an inference can be drawn that this parallel between the photon trajectories and the electric field lines is a general result. We could then apply these results in the external gravitational field of a black hole, where the trajectories of photons in the gravitational field are already well-known and the behavior of electric field lines of a stationary charge could be inferred therefrom. Accordingly, we show that like photons from a source inside the Schwarzschild radius cannot escape outside, the electric field lines of a charge within the black hole too remain trapped inside the event horizon and, contrary to the conventional wisdom, the electric charge contained inside a static black hole cannot be detected or inferred by an external observer. The absence of electric flux external to a static charged black hole implies that such a charged black hole is not described correctly by the Reissner–Nordström metric.
Regularity for a class of local fractional new maximal operators
Authors: LI Rui , TAO Shuangping 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper is devoted to studying the regularity properties for the new maximal operator Mϕ and the fractional new maximal operator Mϕ,β in the local case. Some new pointwise gradient estimates of Mϕ,Ω and Mϕ,β,Ω are given. Moreover, the boundedness of Mϕ,Ω and Mϕ,β,Ω on Sobolev space is established. As applications, we also obtained the bounds of the above operators on Sobolev space with zero boundary values
MR(2010) Subject Classification 42B25, 46E35
Existence and Ulam Stability of Initial Value Problem for Impulsive Fractional q-Difference Equations
Authors: Allouch Nadia , Hamani Samira 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
This paper, we investigat the existence and uniqueness of solutions for a initial value problem for impulsive fractional q-difference equations involving the Caputo fractional q-difference derivative. The results are obtained using the Banach contraction principle and Krasnoselskii’s fixed point theorems. Also, we discuss the Ulam-Hyers and Ulam-Hyers-Rassias stabilities of its solutions. Finally, an example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of our results.
AMS (MOS) Subject Classifications : 26A33, 39A13, 47H10.
LRS Bianchi Type I String Cosmological Models with Functional Relation on Hubble Parameter
Authors: Singh Abhay 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
LRS Bianchi Type I cosmological models for cloud string is explored. We have considered a cosmological script selecting a functional form for Hubble parameter H which produces cosmological model begin decelerating expansion and inter into accelerating phase at late time. Cosmological outcomes of these models have been studied.
PACS Number: 98.80.Cq, 04.20.-q
Three ways of representing Art and Geology in Charles III reign: Vesuvius, Gualgayoc mine and Posillipo’s grotto
Authors: Borderías Tejada Rita 
Published: March 2023

During the reign of Charles III, the search for information about the different places in his kingdom was constant. The compilation of images culminated, on many occasions, in the commission of artistic objects that were not only limited to the decoration of rooms, but also had the function of transmitting information to their observers. This occurred within the spirit of the Enlightenment, so this information was, in many cases, not easily available the observers. Sometimes the artists in charge of their representation would not have first-hand access to these natural phenomena or landscapes, so they would have to make use of images made by others in order to carry out their commissions. This is the case of the paintings Vista de la erupción del Vesubio by A. Carnicero, Quadro de Historia Civil y Geográfica del Reyno del Perú by J.I. Lequanda and L. Thiebaut and La gruta de Posillipo en Nápoles by the Real Laboratorio de Piedras Duras del Buen Retiro. The three works analyzed in this work, and belonging to Madrid collections, show the interest that geological nature aroused in various artists of the time.
Geological concepts in the architectural works of Fernando Menis in Tenerife
Authors: Robador Boixereu Rosa , Robador Moreno Alejandro 
Published: March 2023

This work relates the various phenomena that act in the earth’s crust and the geological materials with ways of projecting architecture. To carry out this reflection, the work has been divided into two essays. The first one, theoretical, exposes the relations which exist between geology and architecture. It describes, on one hand, the importance of knowing the mechanical behavior of materials; on the other hand, it refers to the relationship of architecture with its environment and in particular the benefits that can be gained from it; in a final section, the types of geological processes which have had influence in the architecture are presented. The second essay of the paper applies the theories previously announced with the description of some selected projects. Due to its close relationship with the matter and energy of the Earth, the work by architect Fernando Menis has been chosen to perform the analysis. The description is divided into four different projects: Hatching, El Guincho pool, Santísimo Redentor church and Insular Athletics Centre in Tenerife, chosen as representative of each geological phenomenon considered. Finally, one last case study, the MAGMA Congress building is analyzed as a comprehensive example where all the above phenomena are exposed.
New Insights into the Long Non-coding RNAs Dependent Modulation
of Heart Failure and Cardiac Hypertrophy: From Molecular
Function to Diagnosis and Treatment
Authors: Rezaee Malihe , Masihipour Niloufar , Milasi Yaser Eshaghi , Dehmordi Rohollah Mousavi , Reiner Željko , Asadi Sepideh , Mohammadi Fatemeh , Khalilzadeh Parisa , Rostami Mehdi , Asemi Zatollah , Mafi Alireza 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Heart failure (HF) is a public health issue that imposes high costs on healthcare
systems. Despite the significant advances in therapies and prevention of HF, it remains
a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The current clinical diagnostic
or prognostic biomarkers, as well as therapeutic strategies, have some limitations.
Genetic and epigenetic factors have been identified to be central to the pathogenesis of
HF. Therefore, they might provide promising novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches
for HF. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) belong to a group of RNAs that are produced
by RNA polymerase II. These molecules play an important role in the functioning
of different cell biological processes, such as transcription and regulation of gene expression.
LncRNAs can affect different signaling pathways by targeting biological molecules
or a variety of different cellular mechanisms. The alteration in their expression has been
reported in different types of cardiovascular diseases, including HF, supporting the theory
that they are important in the development and progression of heart diseases. Therefore,
these molecules can be introduced as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers
in HF. In this review, we summarize different lncRNAs as diagnostic, prognostic,
and therapeutic biomarkers in HF. Moreover, we highlight various molecular mechanisms
dysregulated by different lncRNAs in HF.
Application of Machine Learning in Rheumatoid Arthritis Diseases Research:
Review and Future Directions
Authors: Patil Kose Aparna Hiren , Mangaonkar Kiran 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, destructive condition that affects and destroys
the joints of the hand, fingers, and legs. Patients may forfeit the ability to conduct a normal lifestyle
if neglected. The requirement for implementing data science to improve medical care and disease
monitoring is emerging rapidly as a consequence of advancements in computational technologies.
Machine learning (ML) is one of these approaches that has emerged to resolve complicated
issues across various scientific disciplines. Based on enormous amounts of data, ML enables the
formulation of standards and drafting of the assessment process for complex diseases. ML can be
expected to be very beneficial in assessing the underlying interdependencies in the disease progression
and development of RA. This could perhaps improve our comprehension of the disease, promote
health stratification, optimize treatment interventions, and speculate prognosis and outcomes.
Interactions of Betel Quid Constituents with Drug Disposition Pathways: An
Overview
Authors: Myers Alan L. , Canlas Jasmine 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
Global estimates indicate that over 600 million individuals worldwide consume the areca (betel) nut in
some form. Nonetheless, its consumption is associated with a myriad of oral and systemic ailments, such as precancerous
oral lesions, oropharyngeal cancers, liver toxicity and hepatic carcinoma, cardiovascular distress, and
addiction. Users commonly chew slivers of areca nut in a complex consumable preparation called betel quid (BQ).
Consequently, the user is exposed to a wide array of chemicals with diverse pharmacokinetic behavior in the body.
However, a comprehensive understanding of the metabolic pathways significant to BQ chemicals is lacking. Henceforth,
we performed a literature search to identify prominent BQ constituents and examine each chemical's interplay
with drug disposition proteins. In total, we uncovered over 20 major chemicals (e.g., arecoline, nicotine, menthol,
quercetin, tannic acid) present in the BQ mixture that were substrates, inhibitors, and/or inducers of various phase I
(e.g., CYP, FMO, hydrolases) and phase II (e.g., GST, UGT, SULT) drug metabolizing enzymes, along with several
transporters (e.g., P-gp, BCRP, MRP). Altogether, over 80 potential interactivities were found. Utilizing this new
information, we generated theoretical predictions of drug interactions precipitated by BQ consumption. Data suggests
that BQ consumers are at risk for drug interactions (and possible adverse effects) when co-ingesting other substances
(multiple therapeutic classes) with overlapping elimination mechanisms. Until now, prediction about interactions is
not widely known among BQ consumers and their clinicians. Further research is necessary based on our speculations
to elucidate the biological ramifications of specific BQ-induced interactions and to take measures that improve the
health of BQ consumers.
Curcumin Alleviates Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Promotes
Behavioral Recovery After Traumatic Brain Injury
Authors: Zhou Qiang , Gu Jianwen , Chen Bing , Shi Quan-xing , Nie Chuang , Zhao Zhi-ping , Wang Tao 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress after traumatic brain injury (TBI)
can further lead to neuronal apoptosis, which plays a crucial role in the process of neuron death.
Curcumin, which is derived from the rhizome of the Curcuma longa plant, has multiple pharmacological
effects.

Objective:
The objective of this study was to investigate whether curcumin treatment has neuroprotective
effects after TBI, and to elucidate the underlying mechanism.

Methods:
A total of 124 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: Sham group, TBI group,
TBI+Vehicle group, and TBI+Curcumin group. The TBI mice model used in this study was constructed
with TBI device induced by compressed gas, and 50 mg/kg curcumin was injected intraperitoneally
15 minutes after TBI. Then, the blood-brain barrier permeability, cerebral edema, oxidative
stress, inflammation, apoptosis-related protein, and behavioral tests of neurological function
were utilized to evaluate the protective effect of curcumin after TBI.

Results:
Curcumin treatment markedly alleviated post-trauma cerebral edema and blood-brain
barrier integrity, and suppressed neuronal apoptosis, reduced mitochondrial injury and the expression
of apoptosis-related proteins. Moreover, curcumin also attenuates TBI-induced inflammatory
response and oxidative stress in brain tissue and improves cognitive dysfunction after TBI.

Conclusion:
These data provide substantial evidence that curcumin has neuroprotective effects in
animal TBI models, possibly through the inhibition of inflammatory response and oxidative stress.
Isolated Mitochondrial Preparations andIn organelloAssays: A Powerful and RelevantEx vivoTool for Assessment of Brain (Patho)physiology
Authors: Ahmad Faraz , Ramamorthy Siva , Areeshi Mohammed Y. , Ashraf Ghulam Md. , Haque Shafiul 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:Mitochondria regulate multiple aspects of neuronal development, physiology, plasticity, and pathology through their regulatory roles in bioenergetic, calcium, redox, and cell survival/death signalling. While several reviews have addressed these different aspects, a comprehensive discussion focussing on the relevance of isolated brain mitochondria and their utilities in neuroscience research has been lacking. This is relevant because the employment of isolated mitochondria rather than their in situ functional evaluation, offers definitive evidence of organelle-specificity, negating the interference from extra mitochondrial cellular factors/signals. This mini-review was designed primarily to explore the commonly employed in organello analytical assays for the assessment of mitochondrial physiology and its dysfunction, with a particular focus on neuroscience research. The authors briefly discuss the methodologies for biochemical isolation of mitochondria, their quality assessment, and cryopreservation. Further, the review attempts to accumulate the key biochemical protocols for in organello assessment of a multitude of mitochondrial functions critical for neurophysiology, including assays for bioenergetic activity, calcium and redox homeostasis, and mitochondrial protein translation. The purpose of this review is not to examine each and every method or study related to the functional assessment of isolated brain mitochondria, but rather to assemble the commonly used protocols of in organello mitochondrial research in a single publication. The hope is that this review will provide a suitable platform aiding neuroscientists to choose and apply the required protocols and tools to address their particular mechanistic, diagnostic, or therapeutic question dealing within the confines of the research area of mitochondrial patho-physiology in the neuronal perspective.
Insights on Microsomal Prostaglandin E2 Synthase 1 (mPGES-1)
Inhibitors using Molecular Dynamics and MM/PBSA Calculations
Authors: dos Santos  Nascimento Igor José , de  Aquino Thiago Mendonça , da Silva Júnior Edeildo Ferreira , de  Moura Ricardo Olimpio 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Despite being a normal body response against invading agents, inflammation,
when exaggerated, needs to be controlled to minimize damage to the body. There are several drugs in
clinical use against inflammation and other inflammatory conditions. Still, side effects often limit the use
of these drugs, such as gastrointestinal effects generated by COX-1 inhibitors and cardiovascular effects
by COX-2 inhibitors. Thus, exploring new targets such as mPGES-1 may lead to discovering agents that
are more selective against inflammation and generate fewer side effects.

Objectives:
Here, docking, molecular dynamics, and MM-PBSA studies were performed on a dataset of
known mPGES-1 inhibitors to identify helpful information and discover new mPGES-1 inhibitors.

Methods:
Molecular docking in GOLD software was used to obtain the complexes used in Molecular
dynamics simulations (GROMACS software), performed to generate the RMSD, RMSF, Rg, SASA, and
H-bond plots to predict the complexes' stability. The most stable conformation was analyzed regarding
the most important interactions of the compounds. Finally, MM-PBSA calculations using the tool
g_mmpbsa in GROMACS software were performed to determine de-binding affinity, interaction parameters,
and per-residue contribution.

Results:
The main findings of this work were that the molecular dynamics simulation was able to find the
open conformation of mPGES-1, which showed a greater preference on compounds in this region, consisting
of residues known as "gateways". All compounds showed stability and stable complex formation
with mPGES-1, as demonstrated by the results of RMSD, RMSF, Rg, SASA, and H-bond plots generated
in a molecular dynamics simulation at 100 ns. The molecular dynamics identified three preferential sites
of interaction for the compounds. Thus, the docking and dynamics protocols showed greater affinity of
these compounds for cavity-02, interacting with Leu85, Pro81, Gln134, Cys137, Ala138, and Ala141. On the
other hand, compound 09 preferred the cavity-03 of the protein, interacting mainly with His72 through Hbond.
In addition, MM-PBSA calculations showed binding energies of up to -220,113 KJ/mol for compound
04. Furthermore, MM-PBSA could identify which electrostatic interactions are the most prevalent
in the complex formation of the compounds with the highest affinity (04 and 07). Still, the van der Waals
interactions are the most important for the others. Finally, the energy contribution per-residue revealed
Lys120, Arg122, Arg126, and Tyr130 as the most important for the formation of the complexes.

Conclusion:
Design mPGES-1 inhibitors based on the residues Leu85, Pro81, Gln134, Cys137, Ala138, and
Ala141, in addition to Lys120, Arg122, Arg126, and Tyr130 can provide new promising drugs useful against
diseases involving inflammatory conditions.
Reliability of Conventional Hip MRI in Detecting Labral Tear and
Labrocartilagenous Lesions in cases of Femoroacetabular Impingement, A
Comparative Study with Hip Arthroscopy
Authors: Ibrahim Heba , Raffat Muhammad Ali , Nau Thomas 
Published: March 2023

Background:
Imaging studies play a crucial role in diagnosing femoroacetabular impingement (FAI), including plain radiography and Magnetic Resonance
Imaging (MRI). FAI is a combined pathology of bony abnormality, labral and labrocartilagenous erosions. Surgical treatment for such cases has
become more established and preoperative imaging is the roadmap that includes the assessment of labrum and articular cartilage.

Methods:
During a period of 2 years, thirty-seven patients with a clinical diagnosis of FAI were retrospectively enrolled in this study, including 17 men and
20 women, aged 27-62 years. There were 22 right hips and 15 left hips. MRI was done for all patients to identify bony details, labral and chondral
abnormalities and to exclude coexisting disorders. The imaging findings were compared with the arthroscopic data.

Results:
15 patients had Pincer FAI, 11 patients had CAM, and 11 patients had combined Cam/Pincer FAI. Labral tear was detected in 100% of patients,
97% had an anterosuperior labral tear. 82% of patients had partial thickness cartilage lesions and 8% had full thickness cartilage lesions. MRI had a
sensitivity of 100% compared to hip arthroscopy in detecting labral tear, 60% in detecting cartilage erosion.

Conclusion:
Conventional hip MRI detects bony changes in FAI, type of impingement and associated labral tear and cartilage erosions in comparison to the hip
arthroscopy.
Computer-aided Diagnosis of Various Diseases Using Ultrasonography Images
Authors: Mohit Kumar , Gupta Rajeev , Kumar Basant 
Published: March 2023

Abstract:
This paper is an exhaustive survey of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system-based automatic detection of several diseases from ultrasound
images. CAD plays a vital role in the automatic and early detection of diseases. Health monitoring, medical database management, and picture
archiving systems became very feasible with CAD, assisting radiologists in making decisions over any imaging modality. Imaging modalities
mainly rely on machine learning and deep learning algorithms for early and accurate disease detection. CAD approaches are described in this paper
in terms of it's their significant tools; digital image processing (DIP), machine learning (ML), and deep learning (DL). Ultrasonography (USG)
already has many advantages over other imaging modalities; therefore, CAD analysis of USG assists radiologists in studying it more clearly,
leading to USG application over various body parts. This paper includes a review of those major diseases whose detection supports “ML
algorithm” based diagnosis from USG images. ML algorithm follows feature extraction, selection, and classification in the required class. The
literature survey of these diseases is grouped into the carotid region, transabdominal & pelvic region, musculoskeletal region, and thyroid region.
These regions also differ in the types of transducers employed for scanning. Based on the literature survey, we have concluded that texture-based
extracted features passed to support vector machine (SVM) classifier results in good classification accuracy. However, the emerging deep learningbased
disease classification trend signifies more preciseness and automation for feature extraction and classification. Still, classification accuracy
depends on the number of images used for training the model. This motivated us to highlight some of the significant shortcomings of automated
disease diagnosis techniques. Research challenges in CAD-based automatic diagnosis system design and limitations in imaging through USG
modality are mentioned as separate topics in this paper, indicating future scope and improvement in this field. The success rate of machine learning
approaches in USG-based automatic disease detection motivated this review paper to describe different parameters behind machine learning and
deep learning algorithms towards improving USG diagnostic performance.