bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ripples from a single stone: Indigenous mobilization for community tenure-led conservation in Cameroon
Authors: Emini Timothée , Clarke Catherine , Long Cath 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe document a process initiated by Indigenous Peoples in Cameroon that seeks to open a dialogue with key conservation actors to work towards community-led, rights-based alternatives to so-called fortress conservation. In June 2021, Gbabandi, a platform of forest Indigenous Peoples, invited key conservation actors to a 1-day listening event. This represented an important precedent, reversing the usual approach to dialogue in which Indigenous Peoples are invited to participate at various levels in externally directed processes. In this case the space for engagement was opened by Indigenous Peoples on their own terms based on Indigenous ways of organizing, and conservation organizations were invited to participate. Indigenous Peoples gave testimonies of physical violence and abuse in various protected areas across Cameroon. Conservation actors acknowledged there had been violations of human rights and there was substantial discussion about threats to wildlife and the need for more inclusive approaches to conservation, redevelopment of management plans and renegotiation of access for Indigenous communities based on community consent. The long-term impact remains to be seen but the immediate effect of an Indigenous-led process was that key decision makers in conservation in Cameroon heard directly from the people affected by their decisions and, since the event, have been more active than previously in contacting and consulting Indigenous Peoples about how protected areas are managed. Gbabandi is hopeful that this type of initiative will change the dialogue between communities and protected area managers and will lead to real changes in conservation practice.
Rat lungworm (Angiostrongylus cantonensis) active larval emergence from deceased bubble pond snails (Bullastra lessoni) into water
Authors: Rivory Phoebe , Lee Rogan , Šlapeta Jan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractAngiostrongylus cantonensis (the rat lungworm) is a zoonotic parasite of non-permissive accidental (dogs, humans, horses, marsupials, birds) hosts. The 3rd stage larvae (L3s) in the intermediate host (molluscs) act as the source of infection for accidental hosts through ingestion. Larvae can spontaneously emerge from dead gastropods (slugs and snails) in water, which are experimentally infective to rats. We sought to identify the time when infective A. cantonensis larvae can autonomously leave dead experimentally infected Bullastra lessoni snails. The proportion of A. cantonensis larvae that emerge from crushed and submerged B. lessoni is higher in snails 62 days post-infection (DPI) (30.3%). The total larval burden of snails increases at 91 DPI, indicating that emerged larvae subsequently get recycled by the population. There appears to be a window of opportunity between 1 and 3 months for infective larvae to autonomously escape dead snails. From a human and veterinary medicine viewpoint, the mode of infection needs to be considered; whether that be through ingestion of an infected gastropod, or via drinking water contaminated with escaped larvae.
Time-to-hepatitis C treatment initiation among people who inject drugs in Melbourne, Australia
Authors: Aung Phyo T. Z. , Spelman Tim , Wilkinson Anna L. , Dietze Paul M. , Stoové Mark A. , Hellard Margaret E. 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study aims to understand the time-to-treatment initiation pre and post DAA access to inform strategies to improve HCV care. The data for our study were derived from the SuperMIX cohort study of people who inject drugs in Melbourne, Australia. Time-to-event analysis using Weibull accelerated failure time was performed for data collected between 2009 and 2021, among a cohort of HCV-positive participants. Among 223 participants who tested positive for active hepatitis C infection, 102 people (45.7%) reported treatment initiation, with a median time-to-treatment of 7 years. However, the median time-to-treatment reduced to 2.3 years for those tested positive after 2016. The study found that treatment with Opioid Agonist Therapy (TR 0.7, 95% CI 0.6–0.9), engagement with health or social services (TR 0.7, 95% CI 0.6–0.9), and having a first positive HCV RNA test after March 2016 (TR 0.3, 95% CI 0.2–0.3) were associated with a reduced time-to-treatment initiation. The study highlights the need for strategies to improve engagement with health services, including drug treatment services into routine HCV care to achieve timely treatment.
The Lawyers’ Movement in Pakistan: how legal actors mobilise in a hybrid regime
Authors: Khan Maryam S. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractDrawing primarily from qualitative interviews conducted between 2017 and 2018, this empirical study tells a granular story of how legal actors mobilised during the Lawyers’ Movement in Pakistan (2007–2009) from the perspective of lawyer-leaders who organised, steered and sustained support for the Movement through rapidly shifting political conditions. By underscoring the contribution of lawyer-leaders in empowering judges, the article seeks both to displace uncritical assumptions and arguments about courts as the nucleus of legal mobilisation in Pakistan, and to highlight the crucial role of political parties in the restoration of the judiciary against the backdrop of disintegrating lawyer-judge coalitions. Given Pakistan’s political context of a ‘hybrid regime’, the article reflects on the unsuitability of the ‘legal complex’ theory of ‘political liberalism’ for analysing and understanding the Movement, and locates it instead in the literature on legal mobilisation in authoritarian regimes.
A combinatorial theory of institutional invention
Authors: Beaumier Guillaume , Papin Marielle , Morin Jean-Frédéric 
Published: May 2023

AbstractFrom climate change to disruptive technologies, policymakers constantly face new problems calling for unprecedented institutional solutions. Yet, we still poorly understand the inventive process leading to the emergence of new institutional forms. Existing theories argue that exogenous changes provide incentives and opportunities for institutional invention. However, they fail to explain how the inventive process endogenously structures their emergence. Drawing from complexity theory and Brian Arthur's work on technological inventions, we develop a structural theory recasting the process of inventing new institutions as the combination of pre-existing institutions. Building on three assumptions related to this combinatorial process, we argue that the distance between institutions shapes the emergence of new institutional forms and their regime's trajectory. Following the initial take-off in the number of institutional inventions at the creation of a regime, we expect the rate of institutional inventions over replications will slow down as nearby institutions are combined and accelerate as distant ones are combined. We illustrate these expectations by looking at three regimes: data privacy, climate governance, and investment protection. Together, they showcase how our combinatorial theory can help make sense of the emergence of unprecedented institutions and, more generally, the pace of unfolding complexity in various international regimes.
Judicial review of supermajority rules governing courts’ own decision-making: A comparative analysis
Authors: Rivera León Mauro Arturo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThis article provides a comparative analysis of how courts have performed judicial review on supermajority rules governing courts’ decision-making. Through an empirical approach, covering the cases of the United States, Peru and Poland, the article argues that the supermajority’s legal source and the chronology of its establishment may influence the court’s ability to review such rules and the case’s outcome. Finally, the article addresses the paradox of whether courts must apply the very provision they are tasked to review.
Ionization Activity Detected During Dark Periods in Long Air Positive Sparks
Authors: Zhao Xiangen , Becerra Marley , Wang Xiankang , Liu Yang , Du Yaping , He Junjia 
Published: May 2023

AbstractThe dark period in long air gap discharges has been assumed in the literature as the time between consecutive streamer current pulses when ionization and luminosity are absent. These dark periods are also present in natural lightning, in processes such as the inception and propagation of upward positive leaders, the development of needles, as well as transient luminous events in the upper atmosphere. Only recently, faint luminosity has been observed during dark periods, challenging this assumption. This paper aims to study any possible electrical activity during dark periods by means of experiments supported by computer simulation. Therefore, an experimental platform, including low‐current measurements, Schlieren and standard photography as well as ultraviolet (UV)‐photon detection was used to observe the electrical‐optical‐thermal characteristics of the dark period. A complementary numerical model was used to estimate the streamer space charge spatial distribution and its drift during dark periods. It is found that faint UV and visible light during the dark period is emitted exactly at the location of the low‐density streamer stem channel. This process is accompanied by the generation of an electronic current in the order of hundred microamps to milliamps. The simulation results show that this ionization activity occurs due to strong reduced electric fields in the residual stem channel above 112 Td, which is mainly determined by a combination of applied voltage, space charge distribution, and localized heating. Thus, the presented results show that there is indeed ionization activity during dark periods in long air gaps, which maintains a continuous glow‐like discharge.
Haplotype-resolved genome assembly of Coriaria nepalensis a non-legume nitrogen-fixing shrub
Authors: Zhao Shi-Wei , Guo Jing-Fang , Kong Lei , Nie Shuai , Yan Xue-Mei , Shi Tian-Le , Tian Xue-Chan , Ma Hai-Yao , Bao Yu-Tao , Li Zhi-Chao , Chen Zhao-Yang , Zhang Ren-Gang , Ma Yong-Peng , El-Kassaby Yousry A. , Porth Ilga , Zhao Wei , Mao Jian-Feng 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCoriaria nepalensis Wall. (Coriariaceae) is a nitrogen-fixing shrub which forms root nodules with the actinomycete Frankia. Oils and extracts of C. nepalensis have been reported to be bacteriostatic and insecticidal, and C. nepalensis bark provides a valuable tannin resource. Here, by combining PacBio HiFi sequencing and Hi-C scaffolding techniques, we generated a haplotype-resolved chromosome-scale genome assembly for C. nepalensis. This genome assembly is approximately 620 Mb in size with a contig N50 of 11 Mb, with 99.9% of the total assembled sequences anchored to 40 pseudochromosomes. We predicted 60,862 protein-coding genes of which 99.5% were annotated from databases. We further identified 939 tRNAs, 7,297 rRNAs, and 982 ncRNAs. The chromosome-scale genome of C. nepalensis is expected to be a significant resource for understanding the genetic basis of root nodulation with Frankia, toxicity, and tannin biosynthesis.
The Effelsberg survey of FU Orionis and EX Lupi objects
Authors: Szabó Zs. M. , Gong Y. , Yang W. , Menten K. M. , Bayandina O. S. , Cyganowski C. J. , Kóspál Á. , Ábrahám P. , Belloche A. , Wyrowski F. 
Published: May 2023

Context. FU Orionis (FUor) and EX Lupi (EXor) type objects are two groups of peculiar and rare pre-main sequence low-mass stars that are undergoing powerful accretion outbursts during their early stellar evolution. Although water masers are widespread in star-forming regions and serve as powerful probes of mass accretion and ejection on small scales, little is known about the prevalence of water masers toward FUors and EXors.
Aims. We aim to perform the first systematic search for the 22.2 GHz water maser line in FUors and EXors in order to determine its overall incidence in these eruptive variables and to facilitate high angular-resolution follow-up observations.
Methods. We used the Effelsberg 100-m radio telescope to observe the H2O (616 – 523) transition at 22.2GHz toward a sample of 51 eruptive young stellar objects.
Results. We detected a total of five water masers in our survey; three are associated with eruptive stars, equivalent to a detection rate of ~6% for our sample of eruptive sources. These detections include one EXor, V512 Per (also known as SVS 13 or SVS 13A), and two FUors, Z CMa, and HH 354 IRS. This is the first reported detection of water maser emission towards HH 354 IRS. We also detected water maser emission in our pointing towards the FUor binary RNO 1B/1C, which most likely originates from the nearby deeply embedded source IRAS 00338+6312 (~4″ from RNO 1B/1C). Emission was also detected from H2O(B), (also known as SVS 13C), a Class 0 source ~30″ from the EXor V512 Per. The peak flux density of H2O(B) in our observations, 498.7 Jy, is the highest observed to date, indicating that we have serendipitously detected a water maser flare in this source. In addition to the two non-eruptive Class 0 sources (IRAS 00338+6312 and H2O(B)/SVS 13C), we detected maser emission towards one Class 0/I (HH 354 IRS) and two Class I (V512 Per/SVS 13A and Z CMa) eruptive stars.
Conclusions. Despite the low detection rate, we demonstrate the presence of 22.2 GHz water maser emission in both FUor and EXor systems, paving the way to radio interferometric observations to study the environments of these eruptive stars on small scales. Comparisons of our data with historical observations spanning several decades suggest that multiple water maser flares have occurred in both V512 Per and H2O(B).
Self-gravity in thin-disc simulations of protoplanetary discs: The smoothing length rectified and generalised to bi-fluids
Authors: Rendon Restrepo S. , Barge P. 
Published: May 2023

Context. To mimic the evolution of protoplanetary discs (PPDs), 2D simulations that incorporate self-gravity must introduce a softening prescription of the gravitational potential. When the disc is only composed of gas, the smoothing length is proportional to the scale height of the gas. On the other hand, when a dust component is included, the question arises as to whether the smoothing length approach can still be used to not only quantify the dust self-gravity, but its gravitational interaction with gas as well.
Aims. We identified grey areas in the standard smoothing length formalism for computing self-gravity in PPDs entirely made up of gas. Our goal is to revisit the smoothing length approach, which can then be generalised to two phases, whereby the dust component may be considered as a pressureless fluid.
Methods. We used analytical developments to approximate the vertically averaged self-gravity when the smoothing length is not assumed to be constant, but by taking a spatial function instead.
Results. We obtained an analytical expression for the space-varying smoothing length, which strongly improves the accuracy of the self-gravity computation. For the first time, this method is generalised to address bi-fluid interactions in a PPD: two additional smoothing lengths are proposed for featuring an isolated dusty disc and gas-dust self-gravity interactions. On computational grounds, we prescribe the use of tapering functions for the purpose of avoiding numerical divergences. We also checked that our method continues to be compatible with standard fast Fourier transform algorithms and evaluated computational costs.
Conclusions. Our space-varying smoothing length allows us to: (i) solve the contradictions inherent in the constant smoothing length hypothesis; (ii) fit the 3D vertically averaged self-gravity with a high level of accuracy; and (iii) render it applicable to a bi-fluid description of PPDs with the use of two additional smoothing lengths. Such results are crucial to enable realistic 2D numerical simulations that account for self-gravity and are essential to improving our understanding of planetesimal formation and type I migration.
Highly Efficient Synthesis of 3,3-Disubstituted Oxindoles through Direct Oxidative Alkylarylation of N-Arylacrylamides with Simple Alkanes
Authors: Chen Yan , Song Weihong , Han Xiaoyu , Zhou Zhixiang , Zhang Ziye , Liu Kai , Zeng Xiaofei 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA direct oxidative alkylarylation reaction of N-arylacrylamides with simple alkanes for the synthesis of 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles under metal-free conditions was demonstrated. By using PhI(OAc)2 [(diacetoxy)iodobenzene] as an oxidant, a series of 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles bearing different aryl or alkyl substituents were generated in moderate to excellent chemical yields via a radical-initiated alkylation/cyclization process. The reported method features good functional group tolerance and wide substrate range, and provides an effective method for the preparation of various alkyl substituted 3,3-disubstituted oxindoles.
Magnetic functionalization of ZnO nanoparticles surfaces via optically generated methyl radicals
Authors: Marin D. , Gerbaud G. , Margeat O. , Ziarelli F. , Ferrer F. , Ouari O. , Campos A. , Bertaina S. , Savoyant A. 
Published: May 2023

The combination of nuclear and electron magnetic resonance techniques, in pulse and continuous wave regimes, is used to unravel the nature and features of the light-induced magnetic state arising at the surface of chemically prepared zinc oxide nanoparticles (NPs) occurring under 120 K when subjected to a sub-bandgap (405 nm) laser excitation. It is shown that the four-line structure observed around g ∼ 2.00 in the as-grown samples (beside the usual core-defect signal at g ∼ 1.96) arises from surface-located methyl radicals (•CH3), originating from the acetate capped ZnO molecules. By functionalizing the as-grown zinc oxide NPs with deuterated sodium acetate, the •CH3 electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signal is replaced by trideuteromethyl (•CD3). For •CH3, •CD3, and core-defect signals, an electron spin echo is detected below ∼100 K, allowing for the spin–lattice and spin–spin relaxation-time measurements for each of them. Advanced pulse-EPR techniques reveal the proton or deuteron spin-echo modulation for both radicals and give access to small unresolved superhyperfine couplings between adjacent •CH3. In addition, electron double resonance techniques show that some correlations exist between the different EPR transitions of •CH3. These correlations are discussed as possibly arising from cross-relaxation phenomena between different rotational states of radicals.
The appeal to religious authority
Authors: Salvato Lucia 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This paper analyzes a particular type of support that religious authorities use in their argumentative monologues
on moral and theological matters. In particular, the argumentative monologue given by Joseph Ratzinger as Pope Benedict XVI during
his 2011 visit to the federal parliament in the Reichstag in Berlin will be used as a case study. In his speech, Ratzinger offers
his reflections on the foundations of law starting from his interpretation of a brief story from the First Book of the
Kings in the Old Testament (1 Kings 3:5–10). The entire interpretation assumes the form of an
argumentative text, in which he appeals to an authoritative voice of German-language jurisprudence (Hans Kelsen) and three
Christian religious authorities (St Augustine, Origen of Alexandria, and St Paul). The aim of the study is to assess the pragmatic
strength of Ratzinger’s argumentation and thus verify the authoritative contribution of religious experts in his argumentation, in
which religion and ethics are linked together.
Apocalyptic argumentation
Authors: Eriksson Anders 
Published: May 2023

AbstractOur time is an apocalyptic time, but the argumentation in this apocalyptic time has hardly been studied by scholars of argumentation. This article shows how both Donald Trump and the jihadist warriors of ISIS appeal to an apocalyptic worldview in their argumentation. The three topos of evil, time and authority from Stephen O’Leary’sArguing the Apocalypseare used in the analysis. Both Trump supporters and jihadist warriors see themselves as fighting for God and their enemies as representing evil forces. For scholars of argumentation the role of arguments woven into narratives that become whole worldviews needs to be studied more thoroughly.
Emergent Twitter publics through political scandal
Authors: Rathnayake Chamil , Smith Angela , Higgins Michael 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This study examines how emergent Twitter publics are organised and engage with political scandal and
personalisation during Covid-19 in the UK. The analysis is centred on a series of media events around Chief Adviser to the then-UK
Prime Minister, running from May 2020 to May 2021. The samples comprises original tweets that contain key hashtags, amounting to
38,326 items. These are subject to topic model analysis to identify semantic fields, before using critical discourse analysis. We
find hashtags help constitute emergent Twitter publics, and that tweets follow conversational patterns and conspire in tactics of
intertextuality. Dissention to government conduct engages resourcefully with the affordances of Twitter: constituting publics,
shaping discourse, and articulating with parallel discussions on political performance. Further, a computational approach can
systematise the identification of domains of discourse and relevant lexical sets, providing an evidence-based understanding of
even novel and emergent political discourses in online discussion.
The populist radical right in Australia
Authors: Moffitt Benjamin , Sengul Kurt 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
This article examines one of the longest-standing populist radical right parties outside of Europe: Pauline
Hanson’s One Nation. The article outlines the party’s development and position in the Australian political landscape, before
explaining how it articulates the ideological features of the PRR (nativism, authoritarianism and populism); how these interact;
and in what ways this differs from European PRR parties. It shows that the party has steadfastly remained focused on targeting
outgroups – immigrants, asylum seekers, Asians, Muslims, and First Nations Peoples, amongst others – rather than clearly defining
its ingroup – ‘ordinary Australians’ – and considers the role of Australia’s settler-colonial history and geographical context in
this. It then analyses how the party has broadened its platform in recent years by engaging with gender identity, vaccine
mandates, climate change scepticism and sovereign-citizen issues; before explaining the factors that have prevented it from
achieving the success of many European PRR parties.
Jair Bolsonaro and the defining attributes of the populist radical right in Brazil
Authors: Tanscheit Talita 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
The presidential candidacy of Jair Bolsonaro in Brazil in 2018 was the Populist Radical Right’s (PRR) first one to be electorally successful in Latin America. Although it is possible to assert that Bolsonaro belongs to the PRR given his political career, few studies have focused on the supply-side and Bolsonaro’s ideas and discourses. This article analyzes the relevance of the three defining attributes of the PRR – nativism, authoritarianism, and populism – in Bolsonaro’s ideological and programmatic platform. Based on an analysis of the 2018 electoral manifesto, campaign and government speeches, and social network posts, three arguments will be made: (i) authoritarianism is the primary defining attribute of Bolsonaro; (ii) populism only exists in the country associated with a solid negative political identity, an anti-Workers’ Party sentiment known in Brazil as antipetismo; and (iii) neoliberalism must be considered a fourth ideological element of the Brazilian PRR.