bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Entrepreneur's Commitment to Achieve Success
Authors: Apriyanti Masayu Endang , Astuty Pudji 
Published: April 2023

Entrepreneurs are noble jobs because they provide many benefits to others, help the government reduce unemployment and alleviate poverty, which in turn can improve people's welfare. However, not everyone wants and is able to become an entrepreneur, because to become a true entrepreneur, it is not only seeking profit for oneself, but also thinking about the good and benefits for many parties which is carried out wholeheartedly, by dedicating the best in every endeavor it undertakes.
This study analyzes secondary data, from articles, books, scientific journals and primary data through direct interviews with Mr. Alex Wijaya, as an entrepreneur at PT. Cpta Medya Filter, from this informants who are in accordance with their expertise in a field, so that those concerned can be used as resource persons to be used as objects of research, regarding the commitment of entrepreneurs in starting and operating their businesses to achieve success. The research findings show that the strong commitment of employers plays an important role in supporting the achievement of goals. a business that was founded 20 years ago, its credibility is getting better day by day, as evidenced by its effective business management, so that operations run smoothly and the business economy is getting better. even affected by the pandemic for about 2 years, demand has decreased and operations have stalled, but all can be overcome, able to survive and even have more assets for the welfare of the company and all employees.
Explorations of the Policy Drive to Foster a Research Culture within a Dual Sector Scottish HE Institution
Authors: O’Donnell Patrick 
Published: April 2023

In August 2011, the University of the Highlands and Islands (UHI) celebrated the accolade of university title, becoming Scotland’s newest university. Modelled on a federal, collegiate university based on a number of existing and geographically dispersed Further Education (FE) colleges and research institutions, the UHI has clearly abandoned the more conventional model of a single campus university in a single location. This study focuses on structural and cultural developments within the UHI arrangement. In particular, it explores the policy drive to foster such a research culture, focusing on the period from 2003 to 2009. The study identified two different types of performativity discourses that proved to be central in shaping the policy aspiration, namely a ‘RAE performativity discourse’ and a ‘Further Education (FE) performativity discourse’. Both discourses can be seen to have influenced the trajectory of research expansionist policy within the UHI by setting up a normative space privileging certain identities, subjectivities and associated actions at the expense of others. The study aims to contribute to wider debates on institutional policies for building research capacity in a dual sector/hybrid institutional setting.
Note: This article is based on research findings from a Doctor of Education thesis completed by the author in 2011. The full research can be viewed at University of Stirling School of Education digital repository STORRE eTheses: http://hdl.handle.net/1893/3031)
Long-term follow-up of patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis from the CLARITY/CLARITY Extension cohort of CLASSIC-MS: An ambispective study
Authors: Giovannoni Gavin , Boyko Alexey , Correale Jorge , Edan Gilles , Freedman Mark S , Montalban Xavier , Rammohan Kottil , Stefoski Dusan , Yamout Bassem , Leist Thomas , Aydemir Aida , Borsi Laszlo , Verdun di Cantogno Elisabetta 
Published: April 2023

Background: CLASSIC-MS evaluated the long-term efficacy of cladribine tablets in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis. Objective: Report long-term mobility and disability beyond treatment courses received in CLARITY/CLARITY Extension. Methods: This analysis represents CLASSIC-MS patients who participated in CLARITY with/without participation in CLARITY Extension, and received ⩾1 course of cladribine tablets or placebo ( N = 435). Primary objective includes evaluation of long-term mobility (no wheelchair use in the 3 months prior to first visit in CLASSIC-MS and not bedridden at any time since last parent study dose (LPSD), i.e. Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score <7). Secondary objective includes long-term disability status (no use of an ambulatory device (EDSS < 6) at any time since LPSD). Results: At CLASSIC-MS baseline, mean ± standard deviation EDSS score was 3.9 ± 2.1 and the median time since LPSD was 10.9 (range = 9.3–14.9) years. Cladribine tablets–exposed population: 90.6% ( N = 394), including 160 patients who received a cumulative dose of 3.5 mg/kg over 2 years. Patients not using a wheelchair and not bedridden: exposed, 90.0%; unexposed, 77.8%. Patients with no use of an ambulatory device: exposed, 81.2%; unexposed, 75.6%. Conclusion: With a median 10.9 years’ follow-up after CLARITY/CLARITY Extension, findings suggest the sustained long-term mobility and disability benefits of cladribine tablets.
ERS/ESICM/ESCMID/ALAT guidelines for the management of severe community-acquired pneumonia
Authors: Martin-Loeches Ignacio , Torres Antoni , Nagavci Blin , Aliberti Stefano , Antonelli Massimo , Bassetti Matteo , Bos Lieuwe , Chalmers James D. , Derde Lennie , de Waele Jan , Garnacho-Montero Jose , Kollef Marin , Luna Carlos , Menendez Rosario , Niederman Michael , Ponomarev Dmitry , Restrepo Marcos , Rigau David , Schultz Marcus J. , Weiss Emmanuel , Welte Tobias , Wunderink Richard 
Published: April 2023

BackgroundSevere community-acquired pneumonia (sCAP) is associated with high morbidity and mortality, and while European and non-European guidelines are available for community-acquired pneumonia, there are no specific guidelines for sCAP.Materials and methodologyThe European Respiratory Society (ERS), European Society of Intensive Care Medicine (ESICM), European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID) and Latin American Thoracic Association (ALAT) launched a task force to develop the first international guidelines for sCAP. The panel comprised a total of 18 European and four non-European experts, as well as two methodologists. Eight clinical questions for sCAP diagnosis and treatment were chosen to be addressed. Systematic literature searches were performed in several databases. Meta-analyses were performed for evidence synthesis, whenever possible. The quality of evidence was assessed with GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation). Evidence to Decision frameworks were used to decide on the direction and strength of recommendations.ResultsRecommendations issued were related to diagnosis, antibiotics, organ support, biomarkers and co-adjuvant therapy. After considering the confidence in effect estimates, the importance of outcomes studied, desirable and undesirable consequences of treatment, cost, feasibility, acceptability of the intervention and implications to health equity, recommendations were made for or against specific treatment interventions.ConclusionsIn these international guidelines, ERS, ESICM, ESCMID and ALAT provide evidence-based clinical practice recommendations for diagnosis, empirical treatment and antibiotic therapy for sCAP, following the GRADE approach. Furthermore, current knowledge gaps have been highlighted and recommendations for future research have been made.
Possibilities to reduce drift by 75 percent in biocidal applications of insecticides with cannon sprayers
Authors: Langkamp-Wedde Tina , Rautmann Dirk , von Hörsten Dieter , Niemann Jan-Uwe , Wegener Jens Karl 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Insecticides are applied on a large scale in the environment to control the oak processionary moth (Thaumetopoea processionea) for the protection of human health. Drift of the insecticides to non-target areas is a risk for the surrounding biodiversity. Since the habitats of the caterpillars are usually restricted to the treetops, the sprayers used to apply biocidal products must be able to transport the droplets over longer distances. Therefore, cannon sprayers are often used. In this study, spray drift in an oak avenue from a cannon sprayer with hydraulic atomisation was measured with two different nozzles. The aim of this study is to compare spray drift when using a cannon sprayer with different drift-reducing nozzles with cannon sprayers with pneumatic atomisation to find options to reduce drift to non-target areas.

Results
The results show that compared to the basic drift values for biocidal products using a cannon sprayer with pneumatic atomisation, a cannon sprayer with ID-120-05 POM nozzles achieves a drift reduction of 75% and a classification in this reduction class. No drift reduction could be determined with a cannon sprayer with AirMix 110-05 nozzles.

Conclusions
Better knowledge of drift of biocidal products is of utmost urgency in order to be able to compare and classify the currently used technologies. When using a cannon sprayer, this study shows that specific drift values are recommended based on the type of atomisation, as droplet size is an important factor in reducing drift. By choosing the technology with the highest drift reduction, the drift of biocidal products into the environment can be minimised by 75%, thus ensuring a much better protection of the environment.
Alternative signal pathways underly fertilization and egg activation in a fish with contrasting modes of spawning
Authors: Chen Feng , Wang Yeke , He Jun , Smith Carl , Xue Ge , Zhao Yan , Peng Yanghui , Zhang Jia , Liu Jiarui , Chen Jun , Xie Ping 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
The processes of fertilization and egg activation are vital for early embryogenesis. However, while the mechanisms associated with key events during these processes differ among species and modes of spawning, the signal pathways underlying these processes are opaque for many fishes, including economically important species.

Results
We investigated phenotypic traits, ultrastructure and protein expression levels in the eggs of the topmouth culter (Culter alburnus), a protected and economically important freshwater fish that exhibits two spawning modes, producing semi-buoyant eggs and adhesive eggs. Unfertilized eggs of C. alburnus were examined, as well as eggs at fertilization and 30 min post fertilization. Our results showed that in semi-buoyant eggs, energy metabolism was activated at fertilization, followed by elevated protein expression of cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interactions that resulted in rapid egg swelling; a recognized adaptation for lotic habitats. In contrast, in adhesive eggs fertilization initiated the process of sperm-egg fusion and blocking of polyspermy, followed by enhanced protein expression of lipid metabolism and the formation of egg envelope adhesion and hardening, which are adaptive in lentic habitats.

Conclusion
Our findings indicate that alternative signal pathways differ between modes of spawning and timing during the key processes of fertilization and egg activation, providing new insights into the molecular mechanisms involved in adaptive early embryonic development in teleost fishes.
Whole genome sequencing of a novel Bacillus thuringiensis isolated from Assam soil
Authors: Rabha Mihir , Das Debajit , Konwar Trishna , Acharjee Sumita , Sarmah Bidyut Kumar 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a gram-positive ubiquitous saprophytic bacterium that produces proteins (Crystal protein, Vegetative insecticidal protein, and Secreted insecticidal protein) toxic to insects during its growth cycle. In the present study, the whole genome of a locally isolated B. thuringiensis strain BA04 was sequenced to explore the genetic makeup and to identify the genes responsible to produce insecticidal proteins including the virulence factors. The strain was isolated from the soil sample of the Kaziranga National Park, Assam, North-Eastern part of India (Latitude: 26°34′39.11''N and Longitude: 93°10′16.04''E).

Results
The whole genome sequencing (WGS) of the BA04 strain revealed that it has a circular genome of size 6,113,005 bp with four numbers of plasmids. A total of 6,111 genes including two novel crystal protein-encoding genes (MH753362.1 and MH753363.1) were identified. The BLASTn analysis of MH753362.1 showed 84% similarities (maximum identity) with Cry1Ia (KJ710646.1) gene, whereas MH753363.1 exhibited 66% identity with Insecticidal Crystal Protein (ICP)-6 gene (KM053257.1). At the protein level, MH753362.1 and MH753363.1 shared 79% identity with Cry1Ia (AIW52613.1) and 40% identity with Insecticidal Crystal Protein (ICP)-6 (AJW76687.1) respectively. Three-dimensional structures of these two novel protein sequences revealed that MH753362.1 have 48% structural similarity with Cry8ea1 protein, whereas MH753363.1 showed only 20% structural similarity with Cry4Aa protein.
Apart from these insecticidal genes, the strain was also found to contain virulence and virulence-associated factors including the antibiotic resistance genes and Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) sequences.

Conclusion
This is the first report on the whole genome sequence of Bt strain BA04 isolated from Assam, a North-Eastern state of India. The WGS of strain BA04 unveils the presence of two novel types of insecticidal crystal protein-encoding genes which can be used for the development of insect-resistant transgenic crops. Additionally, the strain could be used for the formulations of effective biopesticides. The WGS provides the fastest and cheapest platform for a better understanding of the genetic makeup of a strain and helps to explore the role of virulence genes in pathogenicity against the insect host.
Red blood cell distribution width/platelet ratio on admission as a predictor for in-hospital mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a retrospective analysis from MIMIC-IV Database
Authors: Yao Hongxia , Lian Liyou , Zheng Rujie , Chen Chen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Red blood cell distribution width (RDW) to platelet ratio (RPR) is a novel inflammatory indicator. It integrates the risk prediction of RDW and platelet, which is associated with adverse outcomes. However, the predictive power of RPR in mortality for patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains uncertain. Thus, we aimed to explore the association between RPR and 180-day in-hospital mortality in patients with AMI.

Methods
Data on patients with AMI were extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database. Patients were divided into two groups according to the optimal RPR cut-off value. The survival curve between high and low RPR groups was plotted via the Kaplan-Meier (KM) method. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to determine the association between RPR on admission and 180-day in-hospital mortality.

Results
A total of 1266 patients were enrolled, of which 83 (6.8%) died within 180 days during the hospitalization. Compared with the survivor group, the non-survivor group had higher RPR on admission (0.11 ± 0.07 vs. 0.08 ± 0.06, P < 0.001). The KM curve indicated that the survival probability of low RPR group was higher than that of high RPR group. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that higher RPR on admission was an independent and effective predictor of 180-day mortality in patients with AMI (hazard ratio [HR]: 2.677, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.159–6.188, P = 0.021).

Conclusion
Higher RPR was associated with higher in-hospital 180-day mortality in patients with AMI.
Multifetal gestations after traumatic brain injury: a nationwide register-based cohort study in Finland
Authors: Vaajala Matias , Liukkonen Rasmus , Kuitunen Ilari , Ponkilainen Ville , Kekki Maiju , Mattila Ville M. 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
There is a paucity of information regarding the association between traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and subsequent multifetal gestations. Since TBIs are known to negatively affect the neuroendocrine system, we hypothesized that the functions of the whole reproductive system might be disturbed as a result. The aim of this study is to determine the association between previous TBIs and the risk of multifetal gestations using nationwide registers.

Methods
In this retrospective register-based cohort study, data from the National Medical Birth Register (MBR) were combined with data from the Care Register for Health Care. All fertile-aged women (15–49 years) who had sustained a TBI before pregnancy were included in the patient group. Women with prior fractures of the upper extremity, pelvis, and lower extremity were included in the control group. A logistic regression model was used to assess the risk for multifetal gestation after TBI. Odds ratios (ORs) and adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between the groups were compared. The model was adjusted by maternal age and maternal BMI during pregnancy and previous births. The risk for multifetal gestations were evaluated during different periods following the injury (0–3 years, 3–6 years, 6–9 years, and 9 + years).

Results
A total of 14 153 pregnancies occurred after the mother had sustained a TBI, and 23 216 pregnancies occurred after the mother had sustained fractures of the upper extremity, pelvis, or lower extremity. Of these, 201 (1.4%) women had multifetal gestations after TBI and 331 (1.4%) women had multifetal gestations after fractures of the upper extremity, pelvis, or lower extremity. Interestingly, the total odds of multifetal gestations were not higher after TBI when compared to fractures of the upper extremity, pelvis, and lower extremity (aOR 1.04, CI 0.86–1.24). The odds were highest at 6–9 years (aOR 1.54, 1.03–2.29) and lowest at 0–3 years (aOR 0.84, CI 0.59–1.18).

Conclusion
The risk for multifetal gestations after TBIs was not higher than after the other traumas included in this study. Our results provide good baseline information on the effects of TBIs on the risk for multifetal gestations, but further research is required on this topic.
Plasma hPG80 (Circulating Progastrin) as a Novel Prognostic Biomarker for early-stage breast cancer in a breast cancer cohort
Authors: Prieur Alexandre , Harper Andrew , Khan Momtafin , Vire Bérengère , Joubert Dominique , Payen Léa , Kopciuk Karen 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Recurrence and metastases are still frequent outcomes after initial tumour control in women diagnosed with breast cancer. Although therapies are selected based on tumour characteristics measured at baseline, prognostic biomarkers can identify those at risk of poor outcomes. Circulating progastrin or hPG80 was found to be associated with survival outcomes in renal and hepatocellular carcinomas and was a plausible prognostic biomarker for breast cancer.

Methods
Women with incident breast cancers from Calgary, Alberta, Canada enrolled in the Breast to Bone (B2B) study between 2010 to 2016 and provided blood samples prior to any treatment initiation. Plasma from these baseline samples were analysed for circulating progastrin or hPG80. Participant characteristics as well as tumour ones were evaluated for their association with hPG80 and survival outcomes (time to recurrence, recurrence – free survival, breast cancer specific survival and overall survival) in Cox proportional hazards regression models.

Results
The 464 participants with measurable hPG80 in this study had an average age of 57.03 years (standard deviation of 11.17 years) and were predominantly diagnosed with Stage I (52.2%) and Stage II (40.1%) disease. A total of 50 recurrences and 50 deaths were recorded as of June 2022. In Cox PH regression models adjusted for chemotherapy, radiation therapy, cancer stage and age at diagnosis, log hPG80 (pmol/L) significantly increased the risks for recurrence (Hazard Ratio (HR) = 1.330, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = (0.995 – 1.777, p = 0.054)), recurrence-free survival (HR = 1.399, 95% CI = (1.106 – 1.770), p = 0.005) and overall survival (HR = 1.385, 95% CI = (1.046 – 1.834), = 0.023) but not for breast cancer specific survival (HR = 1.015, 95% CI = (0.684 – 1.505), p = 0.942).

Conclusions
hPG80 levels measured at diagnosis were significantly associated with the risk of recurrence or death from any cause in women with breast cancer. Since the recurrence rates of breast cancer are still relatively high amongst women diagnosed at an early stage, identifying women at high risk of recurrence at their time of diagnosis is important. hPG80 is a promising new prognostic biomarker that could improve the identification of women at higher risk of poor outcomes.
Interaction between rheumatoid arthritis and mediterranean diet on the risk of cardiovascular disease for the middle aged and elderly from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES)
Authors: Zhan Yuwei , Yang Zhou , Liu Ying , Zhan Feng , Lin Shudian 
Published: April 2023

Abstract
Background
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) occurrence were associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Mediterranean diet (MD), but few studies have been conducted to explore the combined effect. This study was to outline the relationship of coexistence of RA and MD on the risk of CVD based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database.

Methods
The data of this cross-sectional study was from the NHANES 2005–2010. The definition of CVD and RA was based on the self-reported questions, respectively; and the alternate MD Index assessed all participants’ adherence to the MD. Weighted multivariate logistic regression was adopted to explore the relationship of RA, MD on the risk of CVD, and coexistence effect of RA and MD. The additive interaction was evaluated by the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI), attributable proportion (AP) and the synergy index (SI). The multiplicative interaction was evaluated by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of product-term.

Results
A total of 3,352 participants from NHANES database who were divided into CVD group (n = 385) and non-CVD group (n = 2,967). The result indicated that RA (Model 1: OR = 3.98, 95%CI: 2.76–5.73; Model 2: OR = 2.65, 95%CI: 1.69–4.16) and low adherence to the MD (Model 1: OR = 1.82, 95%CI: 1.13–2.93; Model 2: OR = 1.67, 95%CI:1.01–2.77) was associated with an increased risk of CVD, respectively. Additionally, we observed the additive (RERI = 4.76, 95% CI: 0.52-9.00; AP = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.54–0.95; SI = 8.21, 95% CI: 1.48–45.51) and multiplicative (OR = 3.63, 95% CI: 1.44–9.15) interaction of RA and low adherence to the MD on the risk of CVD.

Conclusion
RA and MD were associated with CVD occurrence, respectively, and there may be an interaction between RA and MD for the development of CVD.