bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Genome wide association studies for red leaf spot (Colletotrichum sublineolum) in sorghum
Authors: Kaur Jasneet , Sohu R. S. , Atri Ashlesha , Bhardwaj Ruchika , Vikal Yogesh 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Evaluation of red leaf spot disease (Colletotrichum sublineolum) resistance in Sorghum bicolor (L.) Monech crop is recognized as a necessary objective towards anthracnose resistance in warm and humid climates. A fixed diversity set of 121 genotypes were assessed for red leaf spot disease response for two years during 2020-21(E1) and 2021-22 (E2). On the basis of differential response to red leaf spot, a panel of 86 genotypes were selected for genotyping by sequencing (GBS). The best linear unbiased predictors (BLUPs) of disease score and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) along with identified SNPs in GBS were used for genome wide association studies (GWAS). A large number of significant marker-trait associations were identified for test traits. A total of 30 SNPs were identified for final disease score of plant at harvest and 38 SNPs were identified for AUDPC during E1 and E2. Chromosome S02 (six) and S06 (six) harboured maximum number of SNPs followed by S04 (five) for disease score. Linkage disequilibrium decay (LD) in population was estimated to be ~ 50kb. Annotations helped to predict candidate genes in the genomic regions associated SNPs for test traits. Important candidate genes involved were RLP, WRKY, F-box protein, CDP, zinc finger and putative disease resistance protein. Four lines IS 7017, IS 8015, IS 8256 and SCL 4 were free from infection, indicating resistance to red leaf spot and can also serve as donors in cultivar improvement breeding for red leaf spot.
Awareness and level of digital literacy among students receiving health-based education
Authors: Aydinlar Alp , Mavi Arda , Kutukcu Ece , Kirimli Elcim Elgun , Alis Deniz , Akin Ata , Altintas Levent 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
Being digitally literate allows health-based science students to access reliable, up-to-date information efficiently and expands the capacity for continuous learning. Digital literacy facilitates effective communication and collaboration among other healthcare providers. It helps to navigate the ethical implications of using digital technologies and aids the use of digital tools in managing healthcare processes. Our aim in this study is to determine the digital literacy level and awareness of our students receiving health-based education in our university and to pave the way for supporting the current curriculum with courses on digital literacy when necessary.
Method
Students from Acibadem University who were registered undergraduate education for at least four years of health-based education, School of Medicine, Nutrition and Dietetics, Nursing, Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Psychology, Biomedical Engineering, Molecular Biology, and Genetics were included. The questionnaire consisted of 24 queries evaluating digital literacy in 7 fields: software and multimedia, hardware and technical problem solving, network and communication/collaboration, ethics, security, artificial intelligence, and interest/knowledge. Two student groups representing all departments were invited for interviews according to the Delphi method.
Results
The survey was completed by 476 students. Female students had less computer knowledge and previous coding education. Spearman correlation test showed that there were weak positive correlations between the classes and the "software and multimedia," "ethics," "interest and knowledge" domains, and the average score. The students from Nursing scored lowest in the query after those from the Nutrition and Dietetics department. The highest scores were obtained by Biomedical Engineering students, followed by the School of Medicine. Participants scored the highest in "network" and "A.I." and lowest in "interest-knowledge" domains.
Conclusion
It is necessary to define the level of computer skills who start health-based education and shape the curriculum by determining which domains are weak. Creating an educational environment that fosters females' digital knowledge is recommended. Elective courses across faculties may be offered to enable students to progress and discuss various digital literacy topics. The extent to which students benefit from the digital literacy-supported curriculum may be evaluated. Thus, health-based university students are encouraged to acquire the computer skills required by today's clinical settings.
Effectiveness and Safety of Originator and Biosimilar G-CSF as Primary Prophylaxis in DLBCL: A Cohort Study and Meta-Analysis
Authors: Kang Ying-Ying , Lee Eric Kin-Lap , Wang Ching-Yao , Hong Ying-Chung , Liang Fu-Wen 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background Real-world data on the comparative use of originator and biosimilar granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF) in Asia is lacking. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness and safety of originator and biosimilar G-CSF as primary prophylaxis in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods This cohort study evaluated patients with previously untreated DLBCL who received chemotherapy and primary prophylactic G-CSF. We assessed the incidence of febrile neutropenia, severe neutropenia, post-chemotherapy nadir absolute neutrophil count (ANC), infection, and adverse events (AEs) in patients receiving biosimilar G-CSF compared to those receiving originator G-CSF. Inverse probability weighting and logistic/linear regression were used. Additionally, a systematic review and meta-analyses were performed to compare febrile neutropenia incidence.Results We included 146 patients (65 years, 58% female). The majority (92%) received short-acting G-CSF; 35 patients received a biosimilar. There was no significant difference between biosimilar and originator G-CSF in febrile neutropenia (adjusted odds ratio: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.06, 1.61), infection (0.79; 0.23, 2.77) and severe neutropenia (0.21; 0.04, 1.11). Biosimilar G-CSF was associated with increased post-chemotherapy ANC (β: 1176.30, SE: 495.27, p: 0.019). None experienced an AE leading to G-CSF withdrawal or death. The results of the meta-analyses indicated comparable effectiveness between the short-acting biosimilar and the originator (1.03; 0.73, 1.44), but the long-acting originator G-CSF exhibited a superior effect (1.73; 1.24, 2.43).Conclusions Short-acting biosimilar G-CSF was as effective as originator G-CSF in preventing febrile neutropenia, whereas long-acting originator G-CSF may provide better protection. These results informed decision-making and formulary policies.
Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase genes family in Salicaceae during grafting
Authors: Yang Le , Chen Yao , Liu Xuejiao , Zhang Sheng , Han Qingquan 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background:
Poplar and willow are important fast-growing trees in China. Grafting plays an important role in improving plant stress resistance and construction of ornamental plants. It is found that willow scions grafted onto poplar rootstocks can form ornamental plants. However, this grafted combination has a low survival rate. Many studies have reported that the xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) family plays an important role in the healing process of grafts.
Results:
A total of 38 PtrXTHs and 32 SpuXTHs were identified in poplar and willow respectively, and were classified into three subfamilies. Tandem duplication was the main reason for the expansion of the PtrXTHs. Grafting treatment and Quantitative real time PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis revealed that five XTHgenes differentially expressed between self-grafted and reciprocal grafted combinations. Specifically, the high expression levels of SpuXTH16, SpuXTH17, SpuXTH25, PtrXTH22 and PtrXTH17 may contribute to the high survival rate of the grafted combination with willow scion and poplar rootstock. Subcellular localization identified that the SpuXTH16, SpuXTH17, SpuXTH25, PtrXTH17 and PtrXTH22 proteins were located on the cell walls. Transcription factors (NAC, MYB and DOF) may regulate the five XTH genes.
Conclusions:
This study provides a new understanding of the roles of PtrXTH and SpuXTHgenes and their roles in grafting. Our results will give some hints to explore the molecular mechanisms of PtrXTH and SpuXTH genes involved in grafting in the future.
Melanin enhances metastatic melanoma colonization by inhibiting ferroptosis
Authors: Groenewoud Arwin , Gelmi Maria Chiara , Zhao Gangyin , Yin Jie , Lamers Gerda , Doorn Remco van , Verdijk Rob , Jager Martine , Engel Felix , Snaar-Jagalska B. 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Melanoma-associated death is mainly caused by metastatic disease whereby increased melanin levels correlate with decreased melanoma patient survival. Which role melanin plays in melanoma-associated death is unknown. Here, we show that melanin protects circulating melanoma cells from ferroptosis, enhancing their metastatic potential. Melanin levels in patient-derived uveal melanoma cells as well as cutaneous and conjunctival melanoma cell lines correlate with their metastatic potential in zebrafish xenografts. Furthermore, increasing or decreasing intracellular melanin levels in melanoma cells is sufficient to enhance or reduce their metastatic potential, respectively. In addition, the expression of genes encoding melanosomal enzyme TYRP1 and also the ferroptosis-related proteins GPX4 and VDAC1 is strongly associated with reduced melanoma-specific survival. Moreover, melanin depletion increased ferroptosis sensitivity leading to an enhanced efficacy of ferroptosis induction. Collectively, our results reveal that combined inhibition of melanin biosynthetic enzymes and induction of ferroptosis has potential as a treatment strategy of metastatic melanoma.
Use of implementation mapping in the planning of a hybrid type 1 pragmatic clinical trial: the BeatPain Utah study
Authors: Fritz Julie M , Gibson Bryan , Wetter David W , Fiol Guilherme Del , Solis Victor H , Ford Isaac , Lundberg Kelly , Thackeray Anne 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Considerable disparities in chronic pain management have been identified. Persons in rural, lower income and minoritized communities are less likely to receive evidence-based, nonpharmacologic care. Telehealth delivery of nonpharmacologic, evidence-based interventions for persons with chronic pain is a promising strategy to lessen disparities, but implementation comes with many challenges. The BeatPain Utah study is a hybrid type I effectiveness-implementation pragmatic clinical trial investigating telehealth strategies to provide nonpharmacologic care from physical therapists to persons with chronic back pain receiving care in Community Health Centers (CHCs). CHCs provide primary care to all persons regardless of ability to pay. This paper outlines the use of implementation mapping to develop a multifaceted implementation plan for the BeatPain study.
Methods
During a planning year for the BeatPain trial we developed a comprehensive logic model including the 5-step implementation mapping process informed by additional frameworks and theories. The five iterative implementation mapping steps were addressed in the planning year; 1) conduct needs assessments for involved groups; 2) identify implementation outcomes, performance objectives and determinants; 3) select implementation strategies; 4) produce implementation protocols and materials; and 5) evaluate implementation outcomes.
Results
CHC leadership/providers, patients and physical therapists were identified as involved groups. Barriers and assets were identified across groups which informed identification of performance objectives necessary to implement two key processes; 1) electronic referral of patients with back pain in CHC clinics to the BeatPain team; and 2) connecting patients with physical therapists providing telehealth. Determinants of the performance objectives for each group informed our choice of implementation strategies which focused on training, education, clinician support and tailoring physical therapy interventions for telehealth delivery and cultural competency. We selected implementation outcomes for the BeatPain trial to evaluate the success of our implementation strategies.
Conclusions
Implementation mapping provided a comprehensive and systematic approach to develop an implementation plan during the planning phase for our ongoing hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial. We will be able to evaluate the implementation strategies used in the BeatPain Utah study to inform future efforts to implement telehealth delivery of evidence-based pain care in CHCs and other settings.
Trial Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT04923334. Registered June 11, 2021 (https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04923334
Provider’s individual and network attributes in the selection process of a predominant prenatal care provider; a case-control study
Authors: Deng Songyuan , Bennett Kevin 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background: Previous studies have explored the individual attributes of potential providers in the provider selection process. Among all potential providers, a predominant prenatal care provider, initially defined as the one who provided the most services or/and the first or last service during a pregnancy, had the most significant impact on prenatal care utilization and continuity of care. This study aims to examine the association between provider attributes, including network attributes (patient panel size, degree, and community size) and individual attributes (travel distance, specialties, and rural practice), and the selection of a predominant prenatal care provider.
Methods This study utilized South Carolina’s Medicaid claims data from 2014 to 2018, involving live births delivered in hospitals. Samples were limited to pregnant women with continuous Medicaid enrollment throughout their pregnancies. Predominant providers (total = 2,153) were identified for 29,569 pregnancies. Network analyses were conducted on 5,520 providers, including 3,667 prenatal care (PNC) providers and 1,853 non-PNC providers. A Cartesian product (n=45,929,845) was created by combining five annual provider lists with all included pregnancies. Logistic regressions with repeated measure were applied in this retrospective case-control study.
Results: The results demonstrated that providers with a medium or large degree were more likely to be the predominant provider if their community size was medium or large. A predominant prenatal care provider was more likely to be located near, rather than far from, the served woman, and in rural areas rather than urban ones. They were also more likely to be specialists, midwives, and nurse practitioners than primary care physicians.
Conclusions: The results suggest that both individual and network attributes were significantly associated with the selection of a predominant provider. Policies aimed at addressing access issues for prenatal care should consider both the individual and network attributes of providers, as a provider may not be able to alter its individual attributes but can always optimize its social network.
The Co-creation of Strategies and Interventions to Improve Mobile-linked POC Diagnostics User Experience in South Africa: Nominal Group Technique
Authors: Nxele Siphesihle R. , Moetlhoa Boitumelo , Dlungwane Thembelihle , Mathebula Evans M. , Hlongwana Khumbulani W. , Dzobo Matthias , Jaya Ziningi , Duah Evans , Kgatle Mankgopo , Maluleke Kuhlula , Dlangalala Thobeka , Marange Musa , Dzinamarira Tafadzwa , Thabane Lehana , Mashamba-Thompson Tivani 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Background
User experiences play a vital role in the development and sustainable implementation of mobile-linked point-of-care diagnostic technologies. The nominal group technique provides a platform for engaging key stakeholders to develop strategies for the successful implementation of m-linked POC diagnostic technologies in community healthcare settings from a user perspective, who then provide insights from a social, economic, technological, and medical perspective for the co-creation of strategies to improve the uptake of such technologies, especially in disease-burdened and resource-limited settings such as South Africa.
Methodology:
The nominal group technique was employed to collaborate with key stakeholders who attended the REASSURED Diagnostics Symposium workshop which was conducted in two consecutive phases: phase one was focused on determining the potential barriers that exist, and phase two was aimed at determining the potential strategies to alleviate the barriers identified in Phase One. Responses were collected using google forms and thematically analyzed. The themes were ranked using a Likert scale from 1–7, with one representing a very low priority and seven representing the highest priority.
Results
Psychological issues, turnaround time, and connectivity issues were prioritized as challenges that may affect user experiences of implemented mobile-linked point-of-care diagnostic technologies. Health education and using technology that could function offline were prioritized potential strategies to overcome these challenges.
Conclusions
The NGT workshop resulted in the co-creation of strategies to overcome challenges that may affect user experiences of m-linked POC diagnostics in South African healthcare settings.
Primary Care Behavioral Health in Sweden – A Cluster Randomized Trial Evaluating Outcomes Related to Implementation, Organization, and Patients (KAIROS) – Study Protocol
Authors: von Cederwald Anneli Farnsworth , Lilja Josefine L. , Isacsson Nils Hentati , Kaldo Viktor 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Background
Providing comprehensive and continuous care for patients whose conditions have mental or behavioral components is a central challenge in primary care and an important part of improving universal health coverage. There is a great need for high and routine availability of psychological interventions, but traditional methods for delivering psychotherapy often result in low reach and long wait times. Primary Care Behavior Health (PCBH) is a method for organizing primary care in which behavioral health staff provide brief, flexible interventions to a large part of the population in active collaboration with other providers. While PCBH holds promise in addressing important challenges, it has not yet been thoroughly evaluated.
Methods
This cluster randomized trial will assess 17 primary care centers (PCCs) that are starting a PCBH implementation process. The PCCs will be divided into two groups, with one starting immediate implementation and the other acting as a control, implementing six months later. The purpose of the study is to strengthen the evidence base for PCBH regarding implementation-, organization-, and patient-level outcomes, taking into consideration that there is a partially dependent relationship between the three levels. Patient outcomes (such as increased daily functioning and reduction of symptoms) may be dependent on organizational changes (such as availability of treatment, waiting times and interprofessional teamwork), which in turn requires change in implementation outcomes (most notably, model fidelity). In addition to the main analysis, five secondary analyses will compare groups based on different combinations of randomization and time periods, specifically before and after each center achieves sufficient PCBH fidelity.
Discussion
A randomized comparison of PCBH and traditional primary care has, to our knowledge, not been made before. While the naturalistic setting and the intricacies of implementation pose certain challenges, we have designed this study in an effort to evaluate the causal effects of PCBH despite these complex aspects. The results of this project will be helpful in guiding decisions on how to organize the delivery of behavioral interventions and psychological treatment within the context of primary care in Sweden and elsewhere.
Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05335382. Retrospectively registered on March 13th, 2022.
Risk assessment of agrochemical residues in food: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Berlitz Fernando , Elias Susana de Oliveira , Fraga Guilherme Paim , Bender Renar Joao 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

The worldwide databases PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for a systematic review for pesticide residues with subsequent meta-analysis using the software Open Meta-Analyst. Of the total of 29 selected papers, five identified active ingredients at concentrations posing a conceivable and unacceptable risk for pesticide residues. The average of active ingredients with an unacceptable risk was of 0.004 and a 95% confidence interval (C.I.) between 0.000–0.007. Papers originated from developed countries presented an average of 0.002 and a 95% C.I. of 0.002 and 0.006. Papers out of developing countries presented an average of 0.009 and a 95% C.I. ranging from 0.002 to 0.016. In papers that reported active ingredients at an unacceptable risk, the average was of 0.110 and a 95% C.I. between 0.050 and 0.171. Even though the averages might be considered as very low it is important to emphasize that only papers dealing with produce were scrutinized and other eatables and exposure routes to potential toxic substances were disregarded. Standardization of risk assessment procedures as well as gathering individual food consumption data inherent to each location are aspects that might allow more appropriate comparisons amongst studies.
The rise of morphological diversity in butterflies and moths
Authors: Shen Sheng-Feng , Mai Jason , Huang Jen-Pan , Rubenstein Dustin , Wen Ya-Han , Lin Jen-Chun , Wu Shipher , Liu Mark 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

As one of the most speciose animals groups1,2, butterflies and moths (Lepidoptera) are well known for their distinctive and colorful wings3,4. Yet, due to difficulties in quantifying differences in appearance5-7, we have a surprisingly poor understanding of how interspecific differences in wing appearance and function (morphological disparity) evolved within this diverse group. Here, we use generative artificial intelligence (AI) to analyse more than 32,000 images from over 17,000 species in order to quantify wing morphological disparity and evaluate the underlying macroevolutionary processes. We show that only three major morphological groups existed 140 million years ago, but this increased to six groups 110 million years ago, a time when the terrestrial angiosperm revolution provided new ecological opportunities8 but also 30 million years after the explosion of Lepidopteran taxonomic diversity and the first emergence of flowering plants. The evolution of wing shape during this period, transitioning from forms adapted for stable flight to those designed for agile maneuvering, is a product of gradual change governed by morphological functional constraints intrinsic to primitive flyers9. Accelerated evolution of wing shape and color also occurred 66 million years ago, following the Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) mass extinction event that further expanded ecological opportunities by amplifying habitat diversity. Thus, Lepidoptera wing morphology is shaped by both gradual evolution and ecological opportunity, resulting in a decoupling of morphological disparity and taxonomic diversity. Ultimately, tools like generative AI will help revolutionize the study of adaptation and the macroevolutionary processes that influence biological diversity10-12