bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ownership and transmission in contemporary dance and beyond: A short introduction to the special issue
Authors: Leach James 
Published: December 2022

AbstractThe aim of this special issue is the investigation and contextualization of specific arts practices for what they can show us about the transmission and ownership of knowledge. Our authors make explicit the modes of sharing that are part of the creative process in contemporary dance and in Irish traditional music and examine the principles of transmission and social mores that allow ideas to move between practitioners. This introduction sets out some context for the issue and our approach, which is to work alongside practitioners to understand and reveal the social principles and expectations of ownership that are part of the process of producing these art forms.
Developing Representative Impact Scenarios From Climate Projection Ensembles, With Application to UKCP18 and EURO‐CORDEX Precipitation
Authors: Jewson Stephen , Messori Gabriele , Barbato Giuliana , Mercogliano Paola , Mysiak Jaroslav , Sassi Maximiliano 
Published: December 2022

AbstractCalculating impacts from climate projection ensembles can be challenging. A simple approach might consider just the ensemble mean, but this ignores much of the information in the ensemble and does not explore the range of possible impacts. A more thorough approach would consider every ensemble member, but may be computationally unfeasible for many impact models. We investigate the compromise in which we represent the ensemble by the mean and a single deviation from the mean. The deviation from the mean would ideally be representative both of variability in the ensemble, and have a significant impact, according to some impact metric. We compare methods for calculating the deviation from the mean, based on traditional compositing and a statistical method known as Directional Component Analysis (DCA). DCA is based on linearizing the impact metric around the ensemble mean. We illustrate the methods with synthetic examples, and derive new mathematical results that clarify the interpretation of DCA. We then use the methods to derive scenarios from the UKCP18 and EURO‐CORDEX projections of future precipitation in Europe. We find that the worst ensemble member is not robust, but that deviations from the ensemble mean calculated using compositing and DCA are robust. They thus give robust insight into the patterns of change in the ensemble. We conclude that mean and representative deviation methods may be suitable for climate projection users who wish to explore the implications of the uncertainty around the ensemble mean without having to calculate the impacts of every ensemble member.
Altered gut microbiome composition by appendectomy contributes to colorectal cancer
Authors: Shi Feiyu , Liu Gaixia , Lin Yufeng , Guo Cosmos liutao , Han Jing , Chu Eagle S. H. , Shi Chengxin , Li Yaguang , Zhang Haowei , Hu Chenhao , Liu Ruihan , He Shuixiang , Guo Gang , Chen Yinnan , Zhang Xiang , Coker Olabisi Oluwabukola , Wong Sunny Hei , Yu Jun , She Junjun 
Published: December 2022

AbstractAppendectomy impacts the homeostasis of gut microbiome in patients. We aimed to study the role of appendectomy in colorectal cancer (CRC) risk through causing gut microbial dysbiosis. Population-based longitudinal study (cohort 1, n = 129,155) showed a 73.0% increase in CRC risk among appendectomy cases throughout 20 years follow-up (Adjusted sub-distribution hazard ratio (SHR) 1.73, 95% CI 1.49–2.01, P < 0.001). Shotgun metagenomic sequencing was performed on fecal samples from cohort 2 (n = 314). Gut microbial dysbiosis in appendectomy subjects was observed with significant enrichment of 7 CRC-promoting bacteria (Bacteroides vulgatus, Bacteroides fragilis, Veillonella dispar, Prevotella ruminicola, Prevotella fucsa, Prevotella dentalis, Prevotella denticola) and depletion of 5 beneficial commensals (Blautia sp YL58, Enterococcus hirae, Lachnospiraceae bacterium Choco86, Collinsella aerofaciens, Blautia sp SC05B48). Microbial network analysis showed increased correlation strengths among enriched bacteria and their enriched oncogenic pathways in appendectomy subjects compared to controls. Of which, B. fragilis was the centrality in the network of the enriched bacteria. We further confirmed that appendectomy promoted colorectal tumorigenesis in mice by causing gut microbial dysbiosis and impaired intestinal barrier function. Collectively, this study revealed appendectomy-induced microbial dysbiosis characterized by enriched CRC-promoting bacteria and depleted beneficial commensals, signifying that the gut microbiome may play a crucial role in CRC development induced by appendectomy.
Single-cell sortChIC identifies hierarchical chromatin dynamics during hematopoiesis
Authors: Zeller Peter , Yeung Jake , Viñas Gaza Helena , de Barbanson Buys Anton , Bhardwaj Vivek , Florescu Maria , van der Linden Reinier , van Oudenaarden Alexander 
Published: December 2022

AbstractPost-translational histone modifications modulate chromatin activity to affect gene expression. How chromatin states underlie lineage choice in single cells is relatively unexplored. We develop sort-assisted single-cell chromatin immunocleavage (sortChIC) and map active (H3K4me1 and H3K4me3) and repressive (H3K27me3 and H3K9me3) histone modifications in the mouse bone marrow. During differentiation, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) acquire active chromatin states mediated by cell-type-specifying transcription factors, which are unique for each lineage. By contrast, most alterations in repressive marks during differentiation occur independent of the final cell type. Chromatin trajectory analysis shows that lineage choice at the chromatin level occurs at the progenitor stage. Joint profiling of H3K4me1 and H3K9me3 demonstrates that cell types within the myeloid lineage have distinct active chromatin but share similar myeloid-specific heterochromatin states. This implies a hierarchical regulation of chromatin during hematopoiesis: heterochromatin dynamics distinguish differentiation trajectories and lineages, while euchromatin dynamics reflect cell types within lineages.
Potential negative effects of the installation of video surveillance cameras in raptors’ nests
Authors: López-López Pascual 
Published: December 2022

AbstractVideo surveillance cameras installed on birds’ nests are a cost-effective tool to study many aspects of ecology and behaviour that would otherwise be practically impossible to obtain. However, although most studies report neutral effects of cameras on birds, very few studies analyse in detail the potential negative effects of their use, particularly on raptors. Here, using a long-term database of a population of Bonelli’s eagle (Aquila fasciata) collected from 2000 to 2022, I show how the inappropriate use of video surveillance cameras could result in negative effects on the reproduction of a threatened species through a before-and-after control-impact study design. Pairs under video surveillance showed lower productivity, lower breeding success and unusual delayed laying dates. The installation of cameras close to the laying date, coinciding with the mating phase of individuals, most of them subadult inexperienced birds; in combination to the reiteration of visits to the nests once the cameras were installed to check the system, particularly during the incubation period and early stages of breeding; and the installation of cameras in a particular area subject to constant human disturbance, might explain these results. Potential management actions to mitigate the effect of the installation of video cameras on birds’ behaviour should include the need to plan the intervention dates, testing the systems beforehand under controlled conditions and adequate post-installation monitoring to avoid unnecessary disturbance to animals. Finally, I urge the scientific community to report the potential negative effects observed in their studies, especially if the target species are threatened with extinction.
Inanspruchnahme der bodengebundenen Notfallrettung –
Sekundärdatenanalyse der Versichertenkohorte AOK
Sachsen-Anhalt
Authors: Buhtz Christian , Fleischer Steffen , Heinrich Stephanie , Bork Annett , Meyer Gabriele , Mikolajczyk Rafael , Lückmann SaraLena 
Published: December 2022

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Die Inanspruchnahme der Notfallversorgung unterliegt durch den
demografischen Wandel Veränderungen. Das Einsatzaufkommen zwischen den
Jahren 2000 und 2017 stieg jährlich um 4 bis 6%. Studien zeigen
den Zusammenhang der Inanspruchnahme mit Alter und regionalen Strukturen. In
dieser Querschnitt-Studie werden die Inanspruchnahme der bodengebundenen
Notfallrettung in Sachsen-Anhalt analysiert und assoziierte Faktoren
identifiziert.
Methode In Abrechnungsdaten der AOK Sachsen-Anhalt aus dem Jahr 2019,
wurden Einsätze mit bodengebundenen Rettungsmitteln bei in
Sachsen-Anhalt wohnenden Versicherten identifiziert und eingeschlossen. Zur
Berechnung der Inzidenzrate wurde die Versichertenzeit aller in Sachsen-Anhalt
wohnenden AOK-Versicherten herangezogen. Für die multivariable Analyse
der assoziierten Faktoren wurde ein Poisson-Regressionsmodell angepasst.
Ergebnisse Identifiziert wurden 112 575 Rettungseinsätze;
durchschnittlich 1,53 Einsätze je Person bzw. 149,6 je 1000
Versichertenjahre. Eine stationäre Krankenhausbehandlung erfolgte bei
53,2% der Notfallpatient*innen und ambulante
Krankenhausbehandlungen bei 37,1%. Vielfahrer*innen beanspruchen
14,6% der Einsätze. Die höchsten Inzidenzraten haben
Personen mit Pflegebedürftigkeit und hohem Alter. Auch nach Adjustierung
war zudem das Risiko für die Inanspruchnahme eines Rettungseinsatzes bei
Männern sowie in halbstädtische und städtische Regionen
(im Vergleich zu ländlichen Regionen) höher.
Schlussfolgerung Die Inanspruchnahme ist in der untersuchten Kohorte
höher, als im Vergleich mit anderen Studien. Der hohe Anteil
nicht-stationärer Krankenhausbehandlungen und Behandlungen vor Ort,
sowie der deutliche Zusammenhang der Inanspruchnahme mit
Pflegebedürftigkeit und Alter bieten mögliche
Anknüpfungspunkte für Interventionen zur Entlastung der
Rettungsdienste.
Thermoelectric transport properties of orthorhombic RbBaX (X = Sb, Bi) with strong anharmonicity
Authors: Song Xuhao , Zhao Yinchang , He Min , Ni Jun , Meng Sheng , Dai Zhenhong 
Published: December 2022

The thermoelectric properties of RbBaX (X = Sb, Bi), an anisotropic material with strong anharmonicity, are systematically studied by first-principles calculations, combined with the self-consistent phonon theory and the Boltzmann transport equation. A reasonable lattice thermal conductivity κL is captured by fully handling the phonon frequency shift and four-phonon scattering caused by the quartic anharmonicity. The κL of RbBaSb and RbBaBi along the a-axis is only 0.60 and 0.36 W m−1 K−1 at 300 K, respectively, which is much lower than that of most thermoelectric materials. The low phonon group velocity resulting from the unusually weak atomic bonding strengths along the a-axis is the origin of the ultralow κL. Furthermore, the high dispersion near the conduction band minimum enables n-type doping with a higher electrical conductivity. The results show that orthorhombic RbbaBi has a ZT as high as 1.04 at 700 K along the a-axis direction, indicating its great application potential in the thermoelectric field.
Salvianolic Acid B Reduces the Inflammation of Fat Grafts by Inhibiting the NF-Kb Signalling Pathway in Macrophages
Authors: Sun Jia-Ming , Ho Chia-Kang , Gao Ya , Chong Chio-Hou , Liu Yang-Dan , Liu Yu-Xin , Zheng Dan-Ning , Zhang Yi-Fan , Yu Li 
Published: December 2022

Abstract

Background
Autologous fat grafting is a common method for soft tissue defect repair. However, the high absorption rate of transplanted fat is currently a bottleneck in the process. Excessive inflammation is one of the main reasons for poor fat transplantation. Salvianolic acid B (Sal-B) is a herbal medicine that shows promise for improving the effectiveness of fat transplantation.

Objective
The aim of this study was to improve fat graft survival by injecting Sal-B into fat grafts locally.

Methods
In vivo, 0.2 mL of Coleman fat was transplanted into nude mice along with Sal-B. The grafts were evaluated by histologic analysis at 2, 4, and 12 weeks posttransplantation and by microcomputed tomography at 4 weeks posttransplantation. In vitro ribonucleic acid sequencing, cell proliferation assays, anti-inflammatory activity assays, molecular docking studies, and kinase activity assays were performed in RAW264.7 cells to detect the potential mechanism.

Results
Sal-B significantly improved fat graft survival and attenuated adipose tissue fibrosis and inflammation. Sal-B also inhibited the polarization of M1 macrophages in fat grafts. In vitro, Sal-B inhibited the proliferation and activation of inflammatory pathways in RAW264.7 cells. In addition, Sal-B had an inhibitory effect on NF-κB (nuclear factor κ light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells) signaling. This bioactivity of Sal-B may result from its selective binding to the kinase domain of the inhibitor of NF-κB kinase subunit β.

Conclusions
Sal-B could serve as a promising agent for improving the effect of fat transplantation by inhibiting the polarization of M1 macrophages through NF-κB signaling.
EXPLORING EXPERIENCES OF PAIN MANAGEMENT AMONG FAMILY CAREGIVERS OF COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS WITH DEMENTIA
Authors: Zhao Hui , Kulbok Pamela , Williams Ishan , Manning Carol , Romo Rafael 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Pain is often under reported and under-treated in older adults with dementia. Formal caregivers receive training and resources to develop their pain management skills; yet family caregivers (FCGs), who bear the brunt of responsibility for pain management among community-dwelling older adults with dementia have largely been omitted from research. We conducted a qualitative descriptive study to gain a deep understanding of FCGs’ experience in pain management. 25 adult FCGs of community-based older adults with dementia were living in central Virginia were interviewed. Participants were 29 to 95 years old, predominantly white, married, female, and high school graduates. Four themes emerged around exploring FCGs’ pain management experience and each theme included sub themes: 1) Values: family caregivers make values-based decisions that rely on a diverse range of beliefs towards opioids and non-pharmacological approaches. 2) Barriers: pain management was hampered by patient-related factors (comorbidity, complexity of care) and FCG-related factors (lack of training and resources). 3) Support: FCGs perceived greater competence when well supported by professional caregivers (doctors, social workers) and family members. 4) Adaptation: FCGs employed many strategies to support themselves and build a sense of self-efficacy that can either inhibit or facilitate effective pain management for their loved-ones. Adaptation and support from professional or formal caregivers greatly improved FCGs’ perception of competence in pain management, suggesting research and development of interventions targeting FCGs is warranted.
COGNABILITY: AN ECOLOGICAL THEORY OF NEIGHBORHOODS AND COGNITIVE AGING
Authors: Finlay Jessica , Michael Esposito , Langa Kenneth , Judd Suzanne , Clarke Philippa 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
This paper presents a new theoretical concept, Cognability, which aims to conceptualize how supportive an area is to cognitive health among aging residents. Cognability incorporates a both positive and negative neighborhood features related to physical activity, social interaction and cognitive stimulation in later life. We analyzed data from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke Study, a national sample of older Black and white US adults (n=21,151; mean age at assessment=67; data collected 2006–2017). Generalized additive multilevel models examined how cognitive function varied by neighborhood features. Access to civic and social organizations, recreation centers, fast-food and coffee establishments, arts centers, museums, and highways were significantly associated with cognitive function. Race-, gender-, and education-specific models did not yield substantial improvements to the full-model. Cognability advances ecological theories of aging through an innovative “whole neighborhood” approach. Findings may inform community interventions and policy to support healthy aging in place.
COVID-19 RECOVERY: LESSONS LEARNED AND POLICY ACTIONS FOR THE FUTURE
Authors: Mueller Christine , Corazzini Kirsten 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Focusing on Covid-19 recovery, this symposium will feature a selection research studies that highlight lessons learned that are applicable across the continuum of care for older adults, their families and care partners. The collection of presentations bring perspectives from local to global. Each of the presenters will highlight implications for health and aging policy.
MEASURING GENERATIONAL DIFFERENCES IN INTERGENERATIONAL CONTACT WITH A NEWLY VALIDATED SCALE
Authors: Jarrott Shannon , Turner Shelbie , Hooker Karen 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
2. Intergenerational contact influences attitudes about aging, but measures vary in breadth, depth, and psychometrics. We developed and validated the Intergenerational Contact survey of key contact dimensions using online samples. Here, we address: how do young and older adults differ in location and ratings of intergenerational contact? Young (n=433) and older adults (n=286) reported intergenerational contact settings and rated 18 items regarding contact (e.g., “I have something to offer younger/older adults.”) with family and non-family members. Neighborhoods were a common setting for interacting with family and non-family members of different ages. Young adults reported higher negative contact (p&lt;.001) and lower positive contact (p&lt;.001) with related and unrelated older adults than older adults reporting having with younger adults. Developmental theory may partially explain these differences; we address next steps to explore how differences may affect interest in or avoidance of intergenerational contact, associated impacts, and potential interventions.
DOES DISCRIMINATION MODERATE THE RELATIONSHIP OF AGE, GENDER, AND RACE WITH HEALTH OUTCOMES IN OLDER ADULTS?
Authors: Hendricksen Meghan , Stokes Jeffrey , Forrester Sarah , Dugan Beth 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Discrimination and experiences of prejudice are a social determinant of health, with potential consequences at the individual, interpersonal, and systemic levels. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between discrimination experienced by older adults and health outcomes. Data were drawn from 13,290 participants from the Health and Retirement Study, who completed the Leave Behind Questionnaire in 2012 or 2014. Logistic regressions were conducted to examine relationships between age, gender, and race/ethnicity and self-reported health (SRH), risk of stroke, and heart attack. Interaction terms were tested for everyday discrimination and age, gender, and race/ethnicity, then for health discrimination and age, gender, and race/ethnicity. Results found associations between age, gender, and race and SRH, stroke, and heart attack. Everyday discrimination moderated the association between gender and risk of heart attack, where differences in men and women’s risk of heart attack were exacerbated at higher levels of discrimination. Similarly, everyday discrimination moderated the association between race and risk of heart attack, where differences in white and non-white participant’s risk of heart attack were exacerbated at higher levels of discrimination. Experiences of discrimination in healthcare moderated associations between gender and both SRH and heart attack. Reduction in experiences of discrimination in all settings, but especially in healthcare, should be a top priority. Future work in the field of research around discrimination and health outcomes should address the mechanisms that are a product of historical systemic racism, ageism, and misogyny that impact the everyday lives of older adults, people of color, and women.
HEALTHY LEISURE: ADVANCING UNDERSTANDING OF LEISURE DECISIONS, ACTIVITIES, AND HEALTH CONSEQUENCES
Authors: Smith Claire , Lee Soomi , Bielak Allison 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Leisure activities promote healthy aging, yet aging poses new challenges to engagement in active, meaningful, health-promoting leisure. This stalemate wherein people need to but struggle to engage in healthy leisure as they age calls for further research describing what healthy leisure entails, decision processes predicting it, and long-term consequences over the lifespan. This symposium brings together five rigorous studies aimed at understanding diverse aspects of leisure – how adults make daily leisure decisions, the health-promoting or demoting consequences of specific leisure activities as a person ages, and unique challenges faced by vulnerable populations. Paper 1 describes how daily energy and affect conjointly influence the types and variety of leisure activities midlife adults choose. Paper 2 identifies specific leisure activities that protect against cognitive decline in older adults, with consideration of vulnerable subgroups (illiterate, rural residents). Paper 3 investigates how seven leisure activities longitudinally predict cognitive impairment in older adults and differences by life course SES. Paper 4 identifies social interactions with friends as a key aspect of healthy leisure that longitudinally associates with cognitive function in older adults. Paper 5 focuses on a vulnerable population, older breast cancer survivors, and examines whether participating in cognitively stimulating leisure activities is associated with cognitive function (vs. non-cancer controls). These papers use different samples and datasets to describe the nature, causes, and consequences healthy leisure by specific population groups. The discussant, Dr. Allison Bielak will integrate key findings from these studies, discuss their theoretical and methodological contributions, and consider opportunities for future research.
DECISIONS, DECISIONS: CHARACTERIZING WORKERS' DAILY DECISION PROCESSES DURING LEISURE TIME
Authors: Smith Claire , Lee Soomi 
Published: December 2022

Abstract
Decisions during adulthood set the foundation for healthy aging, but descriptions of healthy and unhealthy decision processes are missing. We extracted latent profiles of daily decision resources (energy and affect) and linked them to daily leisure activity. Diary data was collected from working adults (N=83; Mage=37 years) over the ten workdays (N=693). We identified three daily decision profiles consistent with the Decision Triangle – (1) logical (energetic, unemotional), (2) automatic (less energetic, unemotional), and (3) visceral (unenergetic, highly emotional) – and one additional profile, (4) mild visceral (moderately unenergetic, moderately emotional). Daily logical decision-making related to more “want” leisure activities (i.e., aligned with desires/interests) and the greatest variety in leisure activities. Automatic engaged in the most chores. Visceral engaged in the fewest social activities and least variety in leisure activities. Our findings advance understanding of specific decision processes during leisure, which may have consequences for health and well-being as a person ages.