bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
MHD gyrating stream of non‐Newtonian modified hybrid nanofluid past a vertical plate with ramped motion, Newtonian heating and Hall currents
Authors: Ali Asgar , Das Sanatan , Jana Rabindra Nath 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn this modern era, the thermal efficiency of susceptible systems is a major concern in many scientific and technical operations. Hybridized nanomaterials have innovative behaviours, which make them significant in various applications. Hybrid nanofluids (HNFs) are primarily utilized to address heat transfer concerns efficiently. Keeping view of these facts, the main motive of the current investigation is to address the critical role of magnetohydrodynamics with Hall currents on a time‐dependent gyrating stream of non‐Newtonian modified hybrid nanofluid (MHNF) with Casson fluid model past a vertically fluctuating plate with ramped motion, and Newtonian heating in a porous environment. As a counter‐example to Casson fluid, sodium alginate (SA) is considered. Graphite oxide, alumina and copper oxide nanoparticles are dispersed in the host fluid (SA) to constitute a MHNF. Thermal transportation is analysed under the physical consequence of thermal radiation. Darcy's law is utilized to counterfeit the porous medium's resistance in the flow field. The modelled problem is initially expressed in terms of physical conditions and partial differential equations (PDEs). The resulting dimensionless PDEs are solved analytically by dint of the Laplace transform technique. The physical consequences of significant physical and geometrical parameters on the profiles of associated flow quantities of industrial concern are visualized and explained in‐deep via several graphs and tables. Our simulation reveals that the fluid motion is noteworthy amended due to the existence of Coriolis and Lorentz forces with Hall currents. Hall currents and Darcian drag force have a dominating attribute on the primary shear stress, while they expose a positive response to the secondary shear stress. Comparative analysis suggests that the heat migration rate at the plate is superior for MHNF due to higher thermal conductivity than usual HNF. The ongoing research is relevant to hybrid nanolubricants in thermal management systems, dynamics of nanopolymers, industrial procedures and so forth.
Squeezing flow of Casson fluid between two circular plates under the impact of solar radiation
Authors: Jalili Bahram , Rezaeian Amirhossein , Jalili Payam , Ganji Davood Domeri , Khan Yasir 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe transient squeezing flow of 2D Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) considering Casson fluid in the existence of solar irradiance is clarified numerically and theoretically. Generally, to minimize the energy utilized in the solar unit, we must track the heat and mass transition procedure in the solar irradiance process. In this issue, we assumed the dynamic of mass and heat diffusivity as the function of temperature. The employed model, which is run by the (Partial Differential Equations) PDEs system, manages by the Similarity method and the MATLAB bvp4c package. As can be obtained, the validation of numerical outcomes plays approvingly whenever collated with the previous literature. Eventually, the following investigations are performed. It is indicated that the presence of squeezed numbers plays a crucial role, and an increase in the squeezing factor boosts the temperature of non‐Newtonian fluid about 20%. Also, the higher quantities of floating viscosity remarkably affect skin friction. Also, an increment in the chemical reaction rate diminishes the mass concentration profile. Besides, an increase in Pr number from 0.1 to 1.5 leads to a 1% increase in dimensionless temperature and a decrease in Nr from 1 to 0.01 and in squeezing parameter cause to 5% and 17% enhancement in . Regarding the Schmitt number of 0.7 and the ζ3 of 0.3, the skin friction increases up to one. Furthermore, at the higher quantities of thermal conductivity, the Ec number boosts the 20% fluid flow temperature profile within the squeezing channel.
Wissenschaftskommunikation evaluieren – mit Methode(n)
Authors: Niemann Philipp , van den Bogaert Vanessa , Ziegler Ricarda 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungMehr als zwanzig Jahre nach der Unterzeichnung des Memorandums zu „Public Understanding of Sciences and Humanities“ durch die deutschen Wissenschaftsorganisationen hat sich in Deutschland eine große Anzahl an Akteur:innen und Netzwerken der Wissenschaftskommunikation ausdifferenziert, die auf eine Vielzahl von Formaten und Kanälen zurückgreifen kann, um über Wissenschaft und Forschung zu kommunizieren. Im Kontext der Diskussion gesellschaftlicher Phänomene wie Fake News oder populistischer Strömungen sowie von großen Herausforderungen wie der Bewältigung des menschengemachten Klimawandels oder der Coronapandemie hat die Wissenschaftskommunikation auch im politischen und öffentlichen Raum zunehmend an Bedeutung gewonnen.
Praxisbeitrag: Entwicklung und Überprüfung eines adaptierbaren Tests zum wissenschaftlichen Denken für Evaluationen in der Wissenschaftskommunikation
Authors: Bruckermann Till , Straka Tanja M. , Krell Moritz 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungWenn der Erfolg partizipativer Formate in der Wissenschaftskommunikation evaluiert werden soll, ist die Entwicklung von Fähigkeiten zum wissenschaftlichen Denken eine Zieldimension. Diese Fähigkeiten gehören neben dem Wissen zur naturwissenschaftlichen Grundbildung. Zur Evaluierung von Wissen und Fähigkeiten sind sorgfältig entwickelte Tests geeigneter als Fragebögen, da aus ihren Ergebnissen gültige Schlussfolgerungen über das tatsächliche Wissen oder die Fähigkeiten von Personen möglich sind. Im Praxisbeitrag wird eine Vorlage für einen Test über Fähigkeiten zum wissenschaftlichen Denken vorgestellt, der an unterschiedliche Fachkontexte adaptierbar ist, und gezeigt, inwiefern gültige Schlussfolgerungen aus diesem Test gezogen werden können. Dazu werden Fähigkeiten zum wissenschaftlichen Denken als psychologisches Konstrukt beschrieben und es wird dargestellt, wie diese Fähigkeiten bei Personen erfasst werden können und was bei der Entwicklung von Tests beachtet werden muss.
Experimentelle Herangehensweisen in der Evaluation von Maßnahmen der Wissenschaftskommunikation
Authors: Stadtler Marc , Schuster Corinna 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungIn unserem Beitrag zeigen wir Potenziale und Limitationen von Experimenten in der Evaluation von Maßnahmen der Wissenschaftskommunikation auf. Dabei arbeiten wir zunächst den Unterschied zwischen experimentellen und nicht-experimentellen Studien heraus und zeigen deren spezifische Erkenntnismöglichkeiten auf. Die Logik von Experimenten wird anhand zahlreicher Beispiele aus der Literatur verdeutlicht. Das Kapitel schließt mit einem Blick auf methodische Herausforderungen und deren Bewältigung, die beim Experimentieren in der angewandten Forschung der Wissenschaftskommunikation besonders verbreitet sind.
Praxisbeitrag: Experimentelle Methoden in der evaluativen Wissenschaftskommunikationsforschung am Beispiel von Bürgerwissenschaftsprojekten
Authors: Greving Hannah , Bruckermann Till , Kimmerle Joachim 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungEffektive Wissenschaftskommunikation wird in der Gesellschaft immer wichtiger. Daher ist es umso entscheidender, zu verstehen, wann und unter welchen Umständen Wissenschaftskommunikation gelingen kann. Eine anerkannte Methode dafür ist die experimentelle Vorgehensweise. Experimente erlauben es, kontrollierte Untersuchungen durchzuführen und Ursache-Wirkungsbeziehungen zu überprüfen. Sie können daher einen entscheidenden Beitrag zur Evaluation von Wissenschaftskommunikation leisten. In diesem Beitrag verdeutlichen wir anhand von drei Beispielen aus der Praxis, dass Experimente erfolgreich für die Erforschung von Wissenschaftskommunikation und genauer von Bürgerwissenschaftsprojekten ein- und umgesetzt werden können. Vor allem dann, wenn Forschende und Durchführende von Bürgerwissenschaftsprojekten beabsichtigen, die Wirksamkeit ihres Projektes zu evaluieren, stellen Experimente eine effektive Methode dar.
Evaluation der Wissenschaftskommunikation: Modelle, Stufen, Methoden
Authors: Volk Sophia C. 
Published: March 2023

ZusammenfassungWissenschaftskommunikation kann unterschiedliche Ziele verfolgen, sich an unterschiedliche Zielgruppen richten und dabei unterschiedliche Maßnahmen einsetzen. Ob sie die beabsichtigten Wirkungen erzielt, lässt sich erst durch eine systematische Evaluation feststellen. Dieser Beitrag führt in die Logik von Evaluation ein, indem es grundlegende Evaluationsmodelle, -stufen und -objekte erklärt. Es stellt ein integriertes Evaluationsmodell für die Wissenschaftskommunikation vor, das a) Evaluation als letzte Phase in einem übergeordneten Zyklus begreift (Situationsanalyse, Planung, Umsetzung), b) zwei Evaluationsformen (summativ, formativ) dazu in Bezug setzt, c) vier Evaluationsstufen (Inputs, Outputs, Outcomes, Impacts) unterscheidet und d) verschiedene Evaluationsobjekte (Projekt, Kampagne, Programme) und Zeithorizonte (kurz-, mittel-, langfristig) berücksichtigt. Der Beitrag gibt zudem einen Überblick über sozialwissenschaftliche und betriebswirtschaftliche Methoden und typische Kennzahlen für die Evaluation der Wissenschaftskommunikation.
A precision relation between Γ(K → μ+μ−)(t) and $$ \mathcal{B}\left({K}_L\to {\mu}^{+}{\mu}^{-}\right)/\mathcal{B}\left({K}_L\to \gamma \gamma \right) $$
Authors: Dery Avital , Ghosh Mitrajyoti , Grossman Yuval , Kitahara Teppei , Schacht Stefan 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We find that the phase appearing in the unitarity relation between $$ \mathcal{B}\left({K}_L\to {\mu}^{+}{\mu}^{-}\right) $$
B

K
L

→

μ
+

μ
−

and $$ \mathcal{B}\left({K}_L\to \gamma \gamma \right) $$
B

K
L

→
γγ

is equal to the phase shift in the interference term of the time- dependent K → μ+μ− decay. A probe of this relation at future kaon facilities constitutes a Standard Model test with a theory precision of about 2%. The phase has further importance for sensitivity studies regarding the measurement of the time-dependent K → μ+μ− decay rate to extract the CKM matrix element combination $$ \mid {V}_{ts}{V}_{td}\sin \left(\beta +{\beta}_s\right)\mid \approx {A}^2{\lambda}^5\overline{\eta} $$
∣

V
ts

V
td

sin

β
+

β
s

∣
≈

A
2

λ
5

η
¯

. We find a model-independent theoretically clean prediction, cos2φ0 = 0.96 ± 0.03. The quoted error is a combination of the theoretical and experimental errors, and both of them are expected to shrink in the future. Using input from the large-NC limit within chiral perturbation theory, we find a theory preference towards solutions with negative cos φ0, reducing a four-fold ambiguity in the angle φ0 to a two-fold one.
Asymmetric leptoquark pair production at LHC
Authors: Doršner Ilja , Lejlić Ajla , Saad Shaikh 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We investigate asymmetric leptoquark pair production mechanism at the Large Hadron Collider to advocate its potential relevance to establish reliable constraints on the leptoquark parameter space and its ability to aid in correct identification of these attractive sources of new physics. The main feature of asymmetric pair production that genuinely distinguishes it from the usual leptoquark pair production is given by the fact that the two leptoquarks that are produced in proton-proton collisions through a t-channel lepton exchange are not charge conjugates of each other. Hence the proposed name of asymmetric leptoquark pair production for this type of process. We spell out prerequisite conditions for the asymmetric leptoquark pair production mechanism to be operational and enumerate all possible combinations of leptoquark multiplets that can potentially generate it. We finally reinterpret existing leptoquark pair production search results within several simple scalar leptoquark extensions of the Standard Model, assuming that the leptoquarks exclusively couple to either electrons or muons and the first generation quarks, to demonstrate proper inclusion of asymmetric pair production. We consequently present accurate parameter space constraints for the S1, S3, R2, S1+S3, and S1+R2 leptoquark scenarios.
A Lower/Upper Solutions Result for Generalised Radial p-Laplacian Boundary Value Problems
Authors: Fonda Alessandro , Mamo Natnael Gezahegn , Obersnel Franco , Sfecci Andrea 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe provide existence results to some planar nonlinear boundary value problems, in the presence of lower and upper solutions. Our results apply to a class of systems generalising radial elliptic equations driven by the p-Laplace operator, and to some problems involving the Laplace–Beltrami operator on the sphere. After extending the definition of lower and upper solutions to the planar system, we prove our results by a shooting method involving a careful analysis of the solutions in the phase plane.
Soziodemografische und soziale Korrelate selbstberichteter Resilienz im Alter – Ergebnisse der populationsbasierten LIFE-Adult-Studie
Authors: Weitzel Elena Caroline , Glaesmer Heide , Hinz Andreas , Zeynalova Samira , Henger Sylvia , Engel Christoph , Löffler Markus , Reyes Nigar , Wirkner Kerstin , Witte A. Veronica , Villringer Arno , Riedel-Heller Steffi G. , Löbner Margrit 
Published: March 2023

Zusammenfassung
Einleitung
Resilienz bezeichnet eine gute Anpassung an Widrigkeiten und ist ein bedeutsamer Faktor für das Wohlbefinden im Alter. Erste Studien weisen auf eine hohe Relevanz sozialer Ressourcen hin. Bisher haben nur wenige Studien Resilienzmuster in der Altenbevölkerung untersucht. Die vorliegende Studie hat zum Ziel, soziodemografische und soziale Korrelate von Resilienz in einer großen populationsbasierten Stichprobe ab 65 Jahren zu identifizieren.

Methoden
Analysiert wurden Daten von n = 2410 Menschen ab 65 Jahren aus der LIFE-Adult Studie. Erhoben wurden Daten zu Resilienz (Resilienzskala – RS-11), sozialer Unterstützung (ENRICHD Social Support Inventory – ESSI) und zum sozialen Netz (Lubben Social Network Scale – LSNS-6). Der Zusammenhang soziodemografischer und sozialer Variablen mit Resilienz wurde mittels einer multiplen linearen Regressionsanalyse analysiert.

Ergebnisse
Das Alter ab 75 Jahren war mit einer niedrigeren Resilienz im Vergleich zum Alter von 65 bis 74 Jahren assoziiert. Der Familienstand „verwitwet“ hing mit einer höheren Resilienz zusammen. Eine bessere soziale Unterstützung und ein größeres soziales Netz waren mit einer höheren Resilienz assoziiert. Kein Zusammenhang wurde für die Variablen Geschlecht und Bildung gefunden.

Diskussion
Die Ergebnisse zeigen soziodemografische Korrelate von Resilienz in der Altenbevölkerung auf, die zur Identifizierung von Risikogruppen mit niedrigerer Resilienz beitragen können. Soziale Ressourcen sind im höheren Alter für eine resiliente Anpassung bedeutsam und stellen einen Ansatzpunkt zur Ableitung von Präventionsmaßnahmen dar. Die soziale Einbindung älterer Menschen sollte gefördert werden, um Resilienz in dieser Bevölkerungsgruppe zu stärken und günstige Bedingungen für ein erfolgreiches Altern zu schaffen.
Phragmén’s voting methods and justified representation
Authors: Brill Markus , Freeman Rupert , Janson Svante , Lackner Martin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the late 19th century, Swedish mathematician Edvard Phragmén proposed a load-balancing approach for selecting committees based on approval ballots. We consider three committee voting rules resulting from this approach: two optimization variants—one minimizing the maximum load and one minimizing the variance of loads—and a sequential variant. We study Phragmén ’s methods from an axiomatic point of view, focusing on properties capturing proportional representation. We show that the sequential variant satisfies proportional justified representation, which is a rare property for committee monotonic methods. Moreover, we show that the optimization variants satisfy perfect representation. We also analyze the computational complexity of Phragmén ’s methods and provide mixed-integer programming based algorithms for computing them.
Attitudes Towards Treatment as Prevention Among PrEP-Experienced Gay and Bisexual Men in Australia
Authors: Dowell-Day Alexander , Dobbins Timothy , Chan Curtis , Fraser Doug , Holt Martin , Vaccher Stefanie J. , Clifton Brent , Zablotska Iryna , Grulich Andrew , Bavinton Benjamin R. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe introduction of HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has the potential to impact the attitudes gay and bisexual men (GBM) who consequently choose to take PrEP have towards treatment as prevention (TasP), and the extent to which they are willing to have condomless anal intercourse (CLAI) with an HIV-positive sexual partner who has an undetectable viral load (UVL). Using a cross-sectional sample from an observational cohort study conducted from August 2018 to March 2020, we examined the extent to which PrEP-experienced GBM are willing to have CLAI with a partner who has a UVL. Simple and multiple logistic regression models were used to identify associated variables. Of the 1386 participants included in the analyses, 79.0% believed in the effectiveness of TasP, and 55.3% were willing to have CLAI with a partner who has a UVL. Wiling participants were less worried about getting HIV when taking PrEP and more likely to believe in TasP. Further research is needed to better understand the gap between belief in TasP and willingness to have CLAI with a partner who has a UVL among PrEP-experienced GBM.
Functional outcomes in post Covid-19 patients with persistent dyspnea: multidisciplinary approach
Authors: Hamdy Rehab M. , Abdelaziz Ola Hassan , Shamsseldain Hager Elsayed , Eltrawy Heba H. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackground: Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) have emerged as a major health issue in patients who have previously been infected with Covid-19 virus. Purpose: we aimed at the assessment of functional outcomes in post Covid-19 patients with persistent dyspnea using a multidisciplinary approach including clinical assessment, laboratory investigations, exercise ECG, and different echo-Doppler modalities, including left atrial functions. Methods: The current observational randomized controlled study conducted on 60- patients one month after recovery from Covid-19 infection presented with persistent dyspnea compared to 30 healthy volunteers. All participants were subjected to evaluation of dyspnea by different scores, laboratory investigations, stress ECG, and echo-Doppler examination to measure LV dimensions, volumes, systolic and diastolic functions by M-mode, 2D, and tissue Doppler imaging in addition to 2-D speckle tacking LA strain. Results: Post Covid-19 patients had persistent elevation of inflammatory markers, low functional capacity (evidenced by a higher NYHA class, m MRC score, PCFS scale) and decreased METs by stress ECG compared to control group. Post Covid-19 patients showed LV diastolic dysfunction and impairment of 2D-STE LA functions compared to control group. We found negative correlations between LA strain with NYHA class, mMRC scale, LAVI, ESR and CRP; meanwhile, there were significant positive correlations between LA strain with exercise duration and METs. Conclusion: post Covid patients presented with persistent dyspnea demonstrated low functional capacity evidenced by different scores and stress ECG. Moreover, patients with post Covid syndrome showed elevated inflammatory biomarkers, LV diastolic dysfunction in addition to impaired LA strain functions. Impairment of LA strain was closely correlated to different functional scores, inflammatory biomarkers, exercise duration, and METs suggesting that these could to be the possible etiologies for the persistence of post Covid symptoms.
Investigating Numerically the Effect of Wind on Fire Spread Between Two Informal Settlements Dwellings
Authors: Beshir M. , Mohamed M. , Kouritem S. A. , Lemmertz C. K. , Centeno F. R. , Rush D. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPrevious full-scale fire studies revealed that the role of wind on fire spread between informal settlement dwellings was critical. However, the influence of wind conditions on informal settlement dwellings fire spread is currently understudied in the literature. This study aimed to investigate the effect of external wind conditions on fire spread between two informal settlement dwellings with a distance of 1 meter between them. A parametric numerical analysis was performed using the computational fluid dynamics code Fire Dynamics Simulator. The numerical models were benchmarked through laboratory experiments. The investigation included an analysis of the fire spread mechanism, flashover conditions, and heat transfer processes at the boundaries of the dwellings. Simulations were conducted with burning wood cribs as fuel and three wind speeds (6 m/s, 10 m/s, and 14 m/s) with four wind directions (East, West, South, and North). Results showed that wind speed and direction had a significant impact on the fire dynamics of the origin dwelling and its spread to neighboring dwellings. The wind direction also influenced the time to flashover in both dwellings, with a delay observed when the wind flowed through the alley between the two dwellings. The total heat transfer coefficient was found to be directly proportional to the wind speed for all directions. The internal radiative heat transfer coefficient of one wall was found to represent the total heat transfer coefficient in different scenarios. This study highlights the complexity of determining the role of wind in urban fire spread and underscores the need for further research in this area.
Characteristics of Viscosity of a Scale Inhibitor: An Experimental Study
Authors: Gamst Sindre Kalstad , Salo Espen Fanøy , Eide Eirik Smith , Madessa Habtamu Bayera , Chaudhuri Arnab 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe use of chemical scale inhibitors in the oil and gas industry for subsea installations has been presented for a long time, but the ever-increasing exploration of HPHT (high pressure high temperature) wells put demands on knowledge of how the rheological properties such as viscosity of scale inhibitors behave under large pressures. This work reports new experimental data of high-pressure viscosity using a rotational rheometer, measured across a pressure range of 0.1 MPa to 15 MPa, at temperatures from 273 K to 298 K, and a broad range of shear rates, 100 $$s^{-1}$$

s

-
1

to 1000 $$s^{-1}$$

s

-
1

for a scale inhibitor. The experimental data are used to construct a power-law regression model with fitting parameters. Results indicate that the inhibitor shows a near Newtonian behavior.
A Logico-Epistemic Investigation of Frauchiger and Renner’s Paradox
Authors: Corti Alberto , Fano Vincenzo , Tarozzi Gino 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
The scientific literature on Wigner’s Friend extended paradox rapidly grew in the last years. A sign that Frauchiger and Renner (2018)’s argument caught an important point. Indeed, they conclude that either we must abandon the universal validity of quantum mechanics, or a certain kind of traditional objective knowledge is impossible. We investigate this contradiction through a logico-epistemic toolbox. We show that abandoning the transmissibility of knowledge, as proposed by many kinds of relational approaches to quantum mechanics, is a heavy epistemological renouncement. Perhaps, it is better to bite the bullet and accept Frauchiger and Renner’s contradiction, until a new revolutionary solution will appear.