bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
More than just a KRAS inhibitor: DCAI abrogates the self-renewal of pancreatic cancer stem cells in vitro
Authors: Teh Yuan Han , Jing Rui , Ramasamy Rajesh , Ho Kok Lian , Sagineedu Sreenivasa Rao , Stanslas Johnson 
Published: September 2023

Abstract

Objectives
Growing evidence indicates that pancreatic cancer stem cells (CSCs) contribute to cancer recurrence via chemoresistance, and their growth is sustained by self-renewal. Targeting the self-renewal of pancreatic CSCs is a crucial strategy to eradicate them. Here, we are the first to describe a known KRAS inhibitor, 4,6-dichloro-2-methyl-3-aminoethyl-indole (DCAI), as a novel anti-pancreatic CSC agent that abrogates the self-renewal of pancreatic CSCs.

Methods
Cell viability assay was used to determine the cytotoxicity of KRAS binders in pancreatic cancer cell lines with either wild-type KRAS (BxPC-3) or clinically relevant KRAS mutations (PANC-1, Capan-2, and MIA PaCa-2). The tumoursphere assay was utilised to investigate the effect of DCAI on the self-renewal of pancreatic CSCs, and its mechanism of action was examined by Western blotting.

Results
The growth of pancreatic cancer cells remains unaffected by the binding of Benzimidazole (BZIM) to both wild-type and oncogenic KRAS. DCAI and Kobe0065 were equally potent in pancreatic cancer cell lines, except for Capan-2, in which DCAI (GI50=25.8 ± 0.8 µM) was more potent than Kobe0065 (GI50=54.0 ± 1.0 µM). Capan-2 tumourspheres were markedly irresponsive to gemcitabine (IC50>100 µM), while DCAI abrogated the formation of Capan-2 tumourspheres profoundly (IC50=30 µM). Upon treatment with DCAI, CRAF, ERK1, ERK2, and AKT activations were significantly inhibited, and SOX2 expression was greatly reduced in Capan-2 tumourspheres.

Conclusions
Our present study revealed that DCAI depletes pancreatic CSCs by inhibiting self-renewal via KRAS–CRAF–ERK1/2–SOX2 and KRAS–AKT–SOX2 axes. Our findings suggested that KRAS is a valid therapeutic target in pancreatic CSCs for eradicating cancer recurrence.
Effect of molecular weight distribution on the structure and properties of polypropylene cast film and stretched microporous membrane
Authors: Chen Dahua , Yin Liangdong , Su Zhixiang , Xie Jiayi , Xu Ruijie , Lei Caihong 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
Two isotactic polypropylene (iPP) resins with approximate weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and different molecular weight distribution (MWD) were chosen to prepare cast films by the melt-stretching method. The lamellar morphology and mechanical properties of the initial precursor films and stretched microporous membranes were characterized. It was found that PP1 resin with a broader MWD exhibits a higher relaxation time of around 5.5 s, a larger entanglement density of 24.7 mol/m3 and fast crystalline ability. The lamellar lateral size, orientation degree and entanglement density of the corresponding cast film are significantly increasing, resulting in higher elastic recovery and more apparent strain-hardening behavior. The PP resin with broader MWD also benefits the pore formation, resulting in a larger pore size and better air permeability of the stretched microporous membrane.
Don't Mind the Hypocrisy: a Commentary on Differentiated Treatment in Refugee Reception
Authors: Mickelsson Blomqvist Tony 
Published: September 2023

The current conflict in Ukraine has forcibly displaced a large number of people and has put migration issues at the center of attention once again. A small, but growing, body of literature has revealed that Ukrainian refugees are being treated differently vis-à-vis other refugee groups – this is a clear concern for the social work profession, which is supposed to safeguard all minorities’ rights equally. In this commentary, I briefly review and focus on one aspect of why Ukrainian refugees are seemingly being treated ‘better’ – culture. Cultural proximity has been argued to be a major factor in how the Western response to the current conflict has been shaped, where Ukrainians, but not other refugee groups, are conceived of as culturally compatible with Western countries. The commentary conceptualizes this treatment within the framework of ‘promising victimhood’ and suggests that further research should focus on how victimhood is constructed within the social work profession in relation to the current crisis.
ФОРМУВАННЯ ПРОФІЛЮ СТРАТЕГІЧНО ВАЖЛИВИХ ВИДІВ ПРОМИСЛОВОЇ ДІЯЛЬНОСТІ В УКРАЇНІ (ПОГЛЯД НА ПЕРСПЕКТИВУ)
Authors: ГЕЄЦЬ Валерій 
Published: September 2023

Дана стаття є логічним продовженням попередньої публікації, у якій було розглянуто питання формування стратегічно важливих видів промислової діяльності в Україні в ретроспективі останніх 30 років. На основі проведеного аналізу розвитку вітчизняної промисловості були виокремлені проблемні питання, ступінь нагромадження яких у ретроспективі має важливе значення для прогнозних оцінок і завдань на перспективу з урахуванням втрат і загроз, що мали і мають місце у 2022–2023 рр., в умовах війни.
Проаналізовано так звані «домашні завдання» економічної політики України, які в першу чергу пов’язані з уже підписаним меморандумом України з МВФ і які доповнено завданнями, спрямованими на формування внутрішніх фінансових ресурсів для повоєнного відновлення, що є важливою складовою досягнення економічної самодостатності й стратегічної значущості економіки України. Окреслено напрям трансформації системи управління економікою України в повоєнний період з огляду на перспективи її входження до складу ЄС; розвинуто положення щодо зміцнення енергетичного сектору України відповідно до напрямів розвитку ядерної енергетики як одного з видів промислової діяльності, який у майбутньому може діяти на високотехнологічній основі, що визначається у світі як така, що відповідає низьковуглецевій стратегії розвитку економіки в глобальному вимірі.
Викладено результати обґрунтування окремих видів промислової діяльності, що мають високий ступінь наукового супроводу і можуть розвиватися на новітній технологічній основі національного надбання, розбудові яких сприятиме вмонтування промисловості України в глобальні технологічні ланцюги. Останні вимагають розвитку атомної енергетики, титаново-літієвої та алюмінієвої галузі промисловості, важкого енергомашинобудування, чорної металургії на базі нових технологій, виведення нових високоврожайних, стійких до засухи і шкідників сортів сільськогосподарських рослин, поглибленої переробки сільськогосподарської продукції для виробництва продуктів харчування.
ВІД РЕСТРУКТУРИЗАЦІЇ ВУГІЛЬНОЇ ГАЛУЗІ ДО СПРАВЕДЛИВОЇ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ ВУГІЛЬНИХ РЕГІОНІВ: ДОСВІД І ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ
Authors: ОЛЕКСЮК Ганна , ПОПАДИНЕЦЬ Назарій 
Published: September 2023

Досліджено загальні підходи діяльності вугледобувних підприємств, які тривалий час генерували основний економічний потенціал окремих територій, забезпечували зайнятість мешканців і утворювали вугільні регіони. Визначено, що реструктуризація вугільної галузі за програмою закриття шахт не була достатньо успішною, що потребує відходу від суто галузевого принципу і переходу до трансформації вугледобувних регіонів на територіальному, регіональному і національному рівнях.
Здійснено аналіз проблем і переваг економічного, соціального, екологічного, технічного впливу, які мають місце у вугільних регіонах у період експлуатації і при закритті шахт, а саме необхідність їх збалансування, що визначає напрями й можливості справедливої трансформації у територіальних громадах. Нині змінюються пріоритети і підходи до формування енергетичної політики України, які визначаються зменшенням використання викопних видів палива і розширенням можливостей зеленої енергетики. Обґрунтовано маркетинговий підхід до позиціонування проблем території відносно різних цільових груп територіальних громад (населення, бізнесу, відвідувачів, інвесторів), на основі якого більш ефективно і цілеспрямовано витрачатимуться кошти на реалізацію проєктів місцевого розвитку справедливої трансформації. Запропоновано механізм комплексного системного підходу стосовно дослідження, аналізу, оцінки та інструментів вирішення проблем вугільних регіонів із застосуванням принципу пріоритетності в кожній територіальній громаді. Досліджено характеристики проєкту справедливої трансформації вугільних регіонів, створення Фонду справедливої трансформації, а також стратегічного підходу до реформування енергетичної галузі України як однієї з основ державної регіональної політики, що реалізується в територіальних громадах.
Escala predictiva de fallo renal agudo en sepsis (ARMO)
Authors: Mora Coello Christian , Armendáriz Carvajal Andrea C. , Vélez Paez Jorge L. 
Published: September 2023

Objetivo Definir la utilidad predictiva de la escala adaptada de Injuria Renal Aguda (ARMO) en los pacientes sépticos en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos de Quito durante el período 2020 a 2021.
Materiales y Métodos Estudio observacional, descriptivo, ambispectivo, multicéntrico de pacientes sépticos en dos Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos de la ciudad de Quito, Ecuador, con una muestra de 200 pacientes, y datos obtenidos en las primeras 72 horas de ingreso, que incluyeron variables demográficas y clínicas, medidas terapéuticas y de intervención, sometidas a análisis multivariado con regresión logística.
Resultados Se analizaron 200 pacientes, con una mediana de edad 57 años. El 41 % (82) presentaron falla renal y el 40,96 % correspondieron a estadio KDIGO 3. El 11,5 % de los pacientes con injuria renal requirió terapia sustitutiva renal. Tras el análisis multivariado se determinó que: la TFG ≤84 ml/min/1,73m2, lactato sérico ≥2,5 mmol/l, SOFA ≥10 puntos y gasto urinario ≤0,6 ml/kg/h son predictores de falla renal. A partir de ello, se plantea una nueva escala predictiva de falla renal aguda, score ARMO, con una curva ROC de 0,836 (IC 95 %, 0,781-0,890) con un punto de corte de 8 puntos.
Conclusión La escala adaptada de Injuria Renal Aguda (ARMO) es una herramienta con alta capacidad discriminativa en los pacientes críticos sépticos.
Eating in Budapest's Soup Kitchens. Versions and Aversions from the History of Public Catering (1860–1918)
Authors: Báti Anikó , Umbrai Laura 
Published: September 2023

AbstractThe growth in Budapest's population at the end of the 19th century was based on the influx of migrants from the countryside, mostly industrial workers. The examination of the social tensions generated by their arrival provides a good illustration of the changes in social policy, one element of which was the operation of soup kitchens. In the mid-19th century, the main driving force behind the founding of soup kitchens was individual religious charity, although by the end of the century, social solidarity and state involvement also contributed to the relief efforts. The present study examines the development of soup kitchens in Budapest based on the historical sources: official documents, and the contemporary press. Using the ethnographic findings of food culture research, it seeks to explain why official soup kitchens were not popular. From an ethnographic point of view, the process of lifestyle change among workers newly breaking away from peasant life and moving to Budapest and its metropolitan area has been little explored to date, and the same applies to the embourgeoisement of the peasantry. When interpreting the processes that accompany labor migration, parallels can be drawn between the eating habits of the workers' regions of origin, the value systems connected with work and food, and the common meals organized for agricultural workers when working away from home. Through a historical and ethnographic approach, the transitional, evolving features of urban foodways emerge in the context of soup kitchens in parallel with the change in lifestyle.
Comparison of different preparation methods for oxygen isotope determination of phosphate in mammal tooth enamel
Authors: Kiss Gabriella Ilona , Szabó Péter , Túri Marianna , Futó István , Kovács János , Palcsu László 
Published: September 2023

AbstractWe tested several sample pre-treatment protocols for the study of oxygen isotope ratios in the phosphate phase of mammalian enamel of ten different fossil samples. We investigated the effect of different pre-treatment methods and the duration of the hydrogen fluoride treatment on enamel samples from skeletal phosphate with known δ18O values. The samples had been measured previously, so we could compare the ratios measured in our laboratory with the previous values to choose the best chemical preparation procedure. Four pre-soaking methods and two different time intervals of 2 mol dm−3 hydrogen fluoride treatment were compared during our experiments. In our experimental conditions, the distilled water wash and the 6 h of soaking in hydrogen fluoride gave the closest results to the expected δ-values. The steps of the tested preparation processes were repeated at least three times on each sample, so the reproducibility of the process could be also investigated.
Hybrid effect of polyethylene fibre and nano-calcium carbonate on the flowability and strength of a geopolymer composite
Authors: Li Hui , Li Li , Zhang Ning , Feng Qi 
Published: September 2023

Using geopolymer composites to reduce the use of Portland cement can decrease carbon dioxide emissions. The focus of this study was on improving the strength of a geopolymer composite by assessing the positive hybrid effect of nano-calcium carbonate (NCC) and polyethylene fibres (PFs) of different lengths (6 mm and 12 mm). Fresh and hardened properties, including flowability and strength, were investigated to evaluate the hybrid effect. Generally, the hybrid effects from the PFs of different lengths and NCC were negative for flowability, but the hybrid effects were positive on strength. The combination of 12 mm PF + 6 mm PF + 1% NCC was found to have the highest hybrid effect on bending strength, resulting from the good fibre–matrix bond. The bending strength of the PF-reinforced geopolymer composite was assessed based on a new regression coefficient (A), which takes into account the hybrid effect, the fibre–matrix bond strength and fibre dispersion. The new model for the bending strength of PF-reinforced geopolymer composites introduced in this paper is simpler and more effective than previous models provided in the literature.
Relationship between obsessional dissociation and family adjustment and anxiety sensitivity in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder
Authors: POLAT Hatice , KARTAL Fatma , UĞUR Kerim 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between obsessional dissociation, family accommodation, and anxiety sensitivity in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).
Materials and Methods: The participants of this descriptive and relationship-seeking study were 62 individuals with OCD and 43 healthy controls. We collected data using a sociodemographic data form, the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS), the Family Accommodation Scale-Patient Version (FAS-PV), the Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3), and the Van Obsessional Dissociation Questionnaire (VOD-Q).
Results: Both the ASI-3 and VOD-Q subscale and global scores of the patients participating in the study were higher than those of the healthy controls, and there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups. Sixty-two percent of the total score of VOD-Q was explained by the ASI-3 total and subscale scores, 16% by the YBOCS total and subscale scores, and 11% by the FAS-PV total and subscale scores (F:38.622; F:6.797; and F:2.941, respectively).
Conclusion: In our study, individuals diagnosed with OCD had higher levels of obsessional dissociation than healthy individuals and anxiety sensitivity, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and family accommodation are effective in the development of obsessional dissociation in individuals diagnosed with OCD.
EZH2 expression in the skin of developing human fetuses and adults: a comparative study
Authors: ZORLU Özge , KARABAĞ Sevil , ERDOGAN Kivilcim , KUŞSEVER Evin , ÖZER ASLAN İlke 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: In animals, the appropriate levels of Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), a well-established epigenetic regulator, are essential for the embryonic development of skin and appendages. We aimed to explore the EZH2 expression patterns in the skin of human fetuses and compare them with adults.
Materials and Methods: We performed EZH2 immunohistochemical staining in skin samples from the scalp region of 67 fetuses and from the farthest surgical margin of the lip wedge resection, where no lesions were found, of 23 adults. EZH2 scores were evaluated according to the literature.
Results: Epidermal (r = − 0.528), dermal (rs = − 0.509), and hair follicle (r = − 0.576) EZH2 scores were inversely correlated with gestational age. Epidermal and hair follicle EZH2 scores were significantly higher in adults compared to fetuses. There were significant and positive correlations between epidermal, dermal, and hair follicle EZH2 scores among fetuses and adults.
Conclusion: Lower levels of EZH2 may be necessary for final cutaneous differentiation and maturation before birth. Our findings may have a therapeutic impact on cutaneous disorders with differentiation defects, chronic wounds, and alopecias.
Evaluation of drug-drug interactions in critically ill pediatric patients
Authors: SURMELİOGLU Nursel , SOYSAL Hatice Yağmur , TÜRKER İkbal , EKİNCİ Faruk , OZGUR HOROZ Ozden , YILDIZDAŞ Dinçer 
Published: September 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the drug-drug interactions that are frequently encountered in critically ill patients and the factors that predict these interactions.
Materials and Methods: All patients who were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (13 bed) of a university hospital and used more than one drug in their treatment were included in this prospective and cross-sectional study. Patients' demographics, laboratory findings, and medications included in their treatment were evaluated daily by a clinical pharmacist. The UpToDate® database was used to detect potential drug interactions.
Results: During the study, 797 potential drug-drug interactions were detected in 55 (83.33%) of 66 patients followed. All these interactions were evaluated by the clinical pharmacist and 114 recommendations were made to the physicians following the treatment regarding these potential interactions. Eighty-five (74.56%) of these recommendations were accepted by physicians. Within the scope of the study, each patient was followed up for a median of 9 (2-63) days, and the median value of potential drug interactions detected during this period was calculated as 7 (1-89).
Conclusion: The existence of pDDIs was significantly associated with the number of prescribed medications. Exposure to pDDIs is frequent in critically ill pediatric patients and related to the number of medications. Daily and close cooperation between clinicians and clinical pharmacists is recommended to prevent harmful outcomes of DDIs. In order to minimize this risk, it is recommended to avoid polypharmacy as much as possible and to offer alternatives to inducer and inhibitor drugs in treatment.
Analyzing the Temporal Variation in Macroseismic Intensity Rating Values and Predicting Macroseismic Intensity on the Tibetan Plateau
Authors: Liu Zhenbiao , Yu Yanxiang , Xiao Liang 
Published: September 2023

ABSTRACT
China has relatively rich macroseismic isoseismal maps, which play an important role in seismic hazard analysis and the development of reliable earthquake loss models. The macroseismic intensity is assessed based on the Chinese Seismic Intensity Scale, which is constantly being revised as research progresses and the seismic defense capability is enhanced. To investigate whether intensity rating values show consistency across time in statistical significance, this study collected 543 isoseismal lines for 216 earthquakes on the Tibetan Plateau from 1960 to 2020. Taking intensity prediction equations (IPEs) as a reference, statistical tests of the residuals indicate that there is temporal variation in intensity rating values, which is inconsistent with the default assumption that intensity rating values are consistent for different time periods when developing IPEs. Therefore, we analyze the characteristics of intensity rating values by statistical tests and investigate the mechanism by which the temporal variation in intensity rating values affects IPEs by residual decomposition. The results show that despite the temporal variation in intensity rating values, they can still be used to develop IPEs, and that temporal variability can be reduced by adjustment. Finally, we obtain the regression process of IPEs based on the partially nonergodic assumption considering the temporal variation in intensity rating values, and perform a case study, using the Tibetan Plateau as an example.
Time-Varying Moment-Tensor Analysis with Application to Buried Chemical Explosions
Authors: Kintner Jonas A. , Michael Cleveland Kenneth , Eric Pippin James , Thomas Modrak Ryan , Delbridge Brent 
Published: September 2023

Abstract
The Source Physics Experiment (SPE) Phase I consisted of a series of over-buried, horizontally colocated chemical explosions at the Nevada National Security Site. Seismic waveforms from these explosions recorded at near-source accelerometers, local geophone arrays, and regional seismic stations provided a rich suite of observations suitable for resolving fine source details. To investigate the time-varying source history of the explosions, we used the frequency-domain moment-tensor inversion method described in Yang et al. (2018) with added regularization and reconstruction to suppress the nonuniqueness evident in unconstrained inversion results. The inverted moment-rate spectra are accurate within the response band of the local geophones and, in all cases, display predominately isotropic characteristics. For SPE-4Prime, SPE-5, and SPE-6, we resolve predominately isotropic moment release followed by double couple and compensated linear vector dipole (CLVD) release later in the time-varying source history. We interpret these results both in terms of absolute depth and scaled depth of burial. The apparent non-isotropic release from SPE-4Prime and SPE-5 may simply reflect increased resolving power related to improved Earth model accuracy at greater absolute depths, whereas the non-isotropic release from SPE-6 likely reflects the larger damage associated with an event at a shallower scaled depth. These results provide insight into the time-varying source characteristics of shallow explosions and motivation to study shear-wave generation by inverting for fracture, spallation, induced slip, and other temporally delayed source processes through time-varying methods.