bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Legal and Normative Challenges Behind Sustainable Seafood
Authors: Woronoff Josephine 
Published: March 2023

AbstractIn the last decades, governments and international governmental organisations have been harshly criticised for their perceived failure to mitigate the environmental and social impacts of seafood production in a sustainable manner. In the 1990s, civil society stepped in, and public regulations were challenged by market-based initiatives. Since then, the sustainable seafood movement has seen a major acceleration with new initiatives having enormous impacts on the evolution of fisheries management worldwide. Today, norms, principles and standards are competing with and/or complementing each other in their attempt to integrate sustainability into the seafood sector. This chapter will present the global normative framework surrounding the concept of sustainability in captured seafood. It will analyse how all layers of norms interact with each other. Analysing these interactions will help understand the respective roles that these local, private and public initiatives are playing for each other in order to keep improving sustainability.
Transformations of European public spaces with AVs
Authors: Martin Robert , Bruck Emilia M. , Soteropoulos Aggelos 
Published: March 2023

AbstractConnected and automated driving is one of several emerging mobility trends that will fundamentally impact the use and design of public spaces in the coming decades. The uptake of transportation network companies (TNCs), such as Uber, has shown that a greater use of shared modes adds more vehicles to the road and shifts pick-up and drop-off locations onto the street, i.e. increasing activity at the kerb (Larco 2018: 50; Erhardt et al. 2019). Similar effects were caused by recent waves of dockless micromobility options, such as free-floating bikes or e-scooters, which temporarily led to congested pavements and increased spatial demands in public space (Polis 2019).
Interests Arrangement in the Implementation of Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil Certification: Case Study of Sari Makmur Palm Oil Smallholders in Riau Province
Authors: Widyatmoko Bondan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe implementation of the Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) certification remains unsettled nearly a decade since its introduction in 2011. Only a small number of palm oil companies and smallholders have been ISPO certified. Palm oil smallholders became the target of ISPO certification because of their significant contribution to the Indonesian palm oil industry. This study aims to analyze the slow ISPO implementation process at the smallholder level by using a polycentric governance framework, which views the ISPO’s overarching rules as changing the relationship between companies and smallholders toward sustainable management. This study examines a smallholder’s ISPO implementation in Sari Makmur. This smallholder became a pilot project site for the smallholder ISPO certification in 2011; however, it has still not been certified. This study reveals that the recurring problem of land swaps and the expectations of being certified have complicated the fulfillment process of legal documents for ISPO certification. Nevertheless, smallholders and companies are in the process of delineating their interests toward defining their physical boundaries for sustainable palm oil production.
The Timber Processing and Retail Sectors in Pekanbaru, Riau: Toward Reforestation by Local People
Authors: Suzuki Haruka 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe integral role of the timber industry in sustaining local reforestation efforts is often overlooked. The processing and retail sectors of the timber industry are significant in that they add value to forest resources, providing local jobs and lumber supplies. This study examines these sectors in Riau, Indonesia, where deforestation and degraded peatlands have been accelerating. Based on a field survey of randomly selected molding mills and timber kiosks in Pekanbaru, the author examines the nature and scale of timber production, sales, and supply chains. Both the molding mills and timber kiosks could be classified into three types: those that function as subcontractors of large pulp and paper companies, those that operate independently and provide timber supplies for local construction needs, and those that specialize in higher-end wood processing. Those providing local timber supplies demonstrated more adaptability in terms of meeting market demands. Depending on the level of the operation’s independence, timber supply chains were more diversified in terms of the relationships among loggers, distributors, and retailers. To develop the timber sector in the context of local reforestation, it is necessary to consider how local people connect with the local timber processing and retail sectors and how to improve local timber supply chains. Reforestation programs must construct sustainable management systems that restore forests while at the same time using forest resources. This includes developing land ownership and use systems to produce timber sustainably and replanting tree species that are useful as timber.
Entanglement island and Page curve in wedge holography
Authors: Miao Rong-Xin 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Entanglement islands play an essential role in the recent breakthrough in resolving the black hole information paradox. However, whether entanglement islands can exist in massless gravity theories is controversial. It is found that entanglement islands disappear in the initial model of wedge holography with massless gravity on the brane. As a result, the entanglement entropy of Hawking radiation becomes a time-independent constant, and there is no Page curve. In this paper, we recover massless entanglement islands in wedge holography with suitable DGP gravity or higher derivative gravity on the branes. We study two typical cases. In the first case, we consider a black hole on the strong-gravity brane and a bath on the weak-gravity brane. It is similar to the usual double holography with non-gravitational baths. In the second case, we discuss two black holes on the two branes with the same gravitational strength. We recover massless entanglement islands and non-trivial Page curves in both cases. We also argue that the entanglement island is consistent with massless gravity. Our results strongly support that entanglement islands can exist in long-range theories of gravity.
331 model predictions for rare B and K decays, and ∆F = 2 processes: an update
Authors: Buras Andrzej J. , De Fazio Fulvia 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Motivated by the improved results from the HPQCD lattice collaboration on the hadronic matrix elements entering ∆Ms,d in $$ {B}_{s,d}^0-{\overline{B}}_{s,d}^0 $$

B

s
,
d

0

−

B
¯

s
,
d

0

mixings and the increase of the experimental branching ratio for Bs→ μ+μ−, we update our 2016 analysis of various flavour observables in four 331 models, M1, M3, M13 and M16 based on the gauge group SU(3)C× SU(3)L× U(1)X. These four models, which are distinguished by the quantum numbers, are selected among 24 331 models through their consistency with the electroweak precision tests and simultaneously by the relation $$ {C}_9^{\textrm{NP}}=-{bC}_{10}^{\textrm{NP}} $$

C
9
NP

=
−

bC
10
NP

with 2 ≤ b ≤ 5, which after new result on Bs→ μ+μ− from CMS is favoured over the popular relation $$ {C}_9^{\textrm{NP}}=-{C}_{10}^{\textrm{NP}} $$

C
9
NP

=
−

C
10
NP

predicted by several leptoquark models. In this context we investigate in particular the dependence of various observables on |Vcb|, varying it in the broad range [0.0386, 0.043], that encompasses both its inclusive and exclusive determinations. Imposing the experimental constraints from εK, ∆Ms, ∆Md and the mixing induced CP asymmetries $$ {S}_{\psi {K}_S} $$

S

ψ

K
S

and $$ {S}_{\psi {K}_S} $$

S

ψ

K
S

, we investigate for which values of |Vcb| the four models can be made compatible with these data and what is the impact on B and K branching ratios. In particular we analyse NP contributions to the Wilson coefficients C9 and C10 and the decays Bs,d→ μ+μ−, $$ {K}^{+}\to {\pi}^{+}\nu \overline{\nu} $$

K
+

→

π
+

ν

ν
¯

and $$ {K}_L\to {\pi}^0\nu \overline{\nu} $$

K
L

→

π
0

ν

ν
¯

. This allows us to illustrate how the value of |Vcb| determined together with other parameters of these models is infected by NP contributions and compare it with the one obtained recently under the assumption of the absence of NP in εK, ∆Ms, ∆Md and $$ {S}_{\psi {K}_S} $$

S

ψ

K
S

.
Supersymmetrizing the Pasti-Sorokin-Tonin action
Authors: Kozyrev Nikolay 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In this paper the harmonic superspace action of the tensor multiplet of N = (1, 0), d = 6 supersymmetry is constructed which in the bosonic limit reduces to the known Pasti-Sorokin-Tonin action for the self-dual tensor field. The action involves, besides the potential containing the dynamical fields, also an auxiliary tensor multiplet and a set of analytic superfields with gauge PST scalar among them. For each of gauge symmetries of the PST action, a superfield analog is found. The equations of motion are calculated and it is shown that no extra degrees of freedom appear.
Boundary states in the SU(2)k WZW model from open string field theory
Authors: Kudrna Matěj 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We analyze boundary states in the SU(2)k WZW model using open string field theory in the level truncation approximation. We develop algorithms that allow effective calculation of the action in this model and we search for classical solutions of the equations of motion, which are conjectured to describe boundary states. We find three types of solutions. First, there are real solutions that represent maximally symmetric Cardy boundary states and we show that they satisfy certain selection rules regarding their parameters. Next, we find complex solutions that go beyond the SU(2) model and describe maximally symmetric SL(2, ℂ) boundary conditions. Finally, we find exotic solutions that correspond to symmetry-breaking boundary states. Most of real exotic solutions describe the so-called B-brane boundary states, but some may represent yet unknown boundary states.
Analyticity of replica correlators and modular ETH
Authors: Shyani Milind 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
We study the two point correlation function of a local operator on an n-sheeted replica manifold corresponding to the half-space in the vacuum state of a conformal field theory. In analogy with the inverse Laplace transform, we define the Renyi transform of this correlation function, which is a function of one complex variable w, dual to the Renyi parameter n. Inspired by the inversion formula of Caron-Huot, we argue that if the Renyi transform f (w) has bounded behavior at infinity in the complex w plane, the discontinuity of the Renyi transform disc f (w) provides the unique analytic continuation in n of the original replica correlation function. We check our formula by explicitly calculating the Renyi transform of a particular replica correlator in a large N holographic CFTd in dimensions d > 2.We also discover that the discontinuity of the Renyi transform is related to the matrix element of local operators between two distinct eigenstates of the modular Hamiltonian. We calculate the Renyi transform in 2d conformal field theories, and use it to extract the off-diagonal elements of (modular) ETH. We argue that in 2d, this is equivalent to the off-diagonal OPE coefficients of a CFT and show that our technique exactly reproduces recent results in the literature.
The ABC of algorithmic aversion: not agent, but benefits and control determine the acceptance of automated decision-making
Authors: Schaap Gabi , Bosse Tibor , Hendriks Vettehen Paul 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhile algorithmic decision-making (ADM) is projected to increase exponentially in the coming decades, the academic debate on whether people are ready to accept, trust, and use ADM as opposed to human decision-making is ongoing. The current research aims at reconciling conflicting findings on ‘algorithmic aversion’ in the literature. It does so by investigating algorithmic aversion while controlling for two important characteristics that are often associated with ADM: increased benefits (monetary and accuracy) and decreased user control. Across three high-powered (Ntotal = 1192), preregistered 2 (agent: algorithm/human) × 2 (benefits: high/low) × 2 (control: user control/no control) between-subjects experiments, and two domains (finance and dating), the results were quite consistent: there is little evidence for a default aversion against algorithms and in favor of human decision makers. Instead, users accept or reject decisions and decisional agents based on their predicted benefits and the ability to exercise control over the decision.
Outcomes of Thyroidectomy During the COVID‐19 Pandemic: A NSQIP Analysis
Authors: Romero‐Velez Gustavo , Noureldine Salem I. , Burneikis Talia A. , Bletsis Panagiotis , Parmer Megan , Siperstein Allan 
Published: March 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe coronavirus disease 19 (COVID‐19) has had a profound impact on our healthcare system. Surgery in particular faced significant challenges related to allocation of resources and equitable patient selection, resulting in a delay in non‐emergent procedures. We sought to study the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on patient outcomes after thyroidectomy.MethodsThis was a cross‐sectional study using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (ACS‐NSQIP) database that included all thyroidectomies from 2018 to 2020. The primary outcome evaluated was surgical outcomes during 2020, the first year of the pandemic, compared to years preceding the pandemic. Factors associated with adverse postoperative outcomes during the study period were included in a multivariate analysis.ResultsThe volume of thyroidectomy procedures in 2020 decreased 16.4% when compared to the preceding years. During 2020, there was a significant increase in mortality (0.14% vs. 0.07%, p = 0.03), unplanned intubation (0.45% vs. 0.27%, p < 0.01) and cardiac arrest (0.11% vs. 0.03%, p < 0.01), while other complications remained stable. Undergoing surgery in 2020 remained as a risk factor for mortality in a multivariate analysis (OR 2.4 95% CI 1.3–4.4).ConclusionThe first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic had a significant impact on outcomes after thyroidectomy resulting in increased mortality. As the world recovers, there will likely be an increase number of patients seeking care who were unable to obtain it during the pandemic. Close attention should be placed on the outcomes which were altered during the pandemic.
Incidence, Clinical Significance, and Longitudinal Signal Characteristics of Ischemic Lesions Related to Diagnostic Cerebral Catheter Angiography
Authors: Schinz David , Zimmermann Thomas , Göttler Jens , Sepp Dominik , Zimmer Claus , Boeckh-Behrens Tobias , Kirschke Jan S. , Kreiser Kornelia , Liebl Hans 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Purpose
Cerebral DSA is a routine procedure with few complications. However, it is associated with presumably clinically inapparent lesions detectable on diffusion-weighted MRI imaging (DWI lesions). However, there are insufficient data regarding incidence, etiology, clinical relevance, and longitudinal development of these lesions. This study prospectively evaluated subjects undergoing elective diagnostic cerebral DSA for the occurrence of DWI lesions, potentially associated clinical symptoms and risk factors, and longitudinally monitored the lesions using state-of-the-art MRI.

Materials and Methods
Eighty-two subjects were examined by high-resolution MRI within 24 h after elective diagnostic DSA and lesion occurrence was qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated. Subjects’ neurological status was assessed before and after DSA by clinical neurological examination and a perceived deficit questionnaire. Patient-related risk factors and procedural DSA data were documented. Subjects with lesions received a follow-up MRI and were questioned for neurological deficits after a median of 5.1 months.

Results
After DSA, 23(28%) subjects had a total of 54 DWI lesions. Significantly associated risk factors were number of vessels probed, intervention time, age, arterial hypertension, visible calcified plaques, and less examiner experience. Twenty percent of baseline lesions converted to persistent FLAIR lesions at follow-up. After DSA, none of the subjects had a clinically apparent neurological deficit. Self-perceived deficits were nonsignificantly higher at follow-up.

Conclusion
Cerebral DSA is associated with a considerable number of postinterventional lesions, some persisting as scars in brain tissue. Presumably because of the small lesion size and inconsistent location, no clinically apparent neurological deficits have been observed. However, subtle self-perceived changes may occur. Therefore, special attention is needed to minimize avoidable risk factors.
One-dimensional nonlinear model of generalized thermo-electroelasticity
Authors: Ghaleb A. F. , Ahmed Ethar A. A. , Mosharafa A. A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe investigate a one-dimensional restriction of a nonlinear model of thermo-electroelasticity in extended thermodynamics and in the quasi-electrostatic regime (see Ghaleb et al. in Int J Eng Sci 119:29–39, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijengsci.2017.06.010). An additional dependence of the thermal conductivity and the thermal relaxation time on temperature and heat flux is introduced. The aim of the present work is to assess the effect of some quadratic nonlinear couplings between the mechanical, thermal and electric fields. Such couplings are known to have a crucial effect on the stability of the solutions. It is confirmed that there are two speeds of wave propagation of disturbances, the coupled thermoelastic wave and the heat wave. Formulae are provided for both speeds, showing their explicit dependence on temperature, heat flux and electric field. The purely thermal case is briefly considered. The present results may be useful for the description of a broad range of interactions in large polarizable slabs of electro-thermoelastic materials and for the design of such materials.
Twenty-one-year follow-up revealed guideline-concordant and non-concordant trends in intensive care of bronchiolitis
Authors: Selin Sofia , Mecklin Minna , Korppi Matti , Heikkilä Paula 
Published: March 2023

AbstractTo evaluate the management of bronchiolitis in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) before and after publication of the national bronchiolitis guidelines in June 2015. All infants treated between 2016–2020 for bronchiolitis in the PICU of Tampere University Hospital at < 12 months of age were included. The data were retrospectively collected from electronic patient records. The current results reflecting the post-guideline era were compared with previously published results for the pre-guideline 2000–2015 period. These two studies used identical protocols. Forty-six infants treated in the PICU were included. During the post-guideline era, inhaled adrenaline was given to 26 (57%), salbutamol to 7 (15%), and hypertonic saline inhalations to 35 (75%) patients. Forty-three patients (94%) received high-flow oxygen therapy (HFOT). Seventeen patients (37%) were treated with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and 4 (9%) with mechanical ventilation.Conclusion: When post-guideline years were compared with pre-guideline years, the use of bronchodilators decreased in agreement, but the use of inhaled saline increased in disagreement with the guidelines. The use of respiratory support increased, evidently because of an introduction of the non-invasive HFOT treatment modality.

What is Known:• Oxygen supplementation and respiratory support, when needed, are the cornerstones of bronchiolitis treatment.• Medicines are frequently given to infants with bronchiolitis, especially if intensive care is needed, although evidence of their effectiveness is lacking.

What is New:• Nearly all (94%) infants who needed intensive care were treated with HFOT and 37% with nasal CPAP, and finally, only 9% were intubated, which reflects the effectiveness of non-invasive techniques.• When pre- and post-guideline eras were compared, use of racemic adrenaline decreased from 84 to 57%, but use of hypertonic saline increased up to 75%, which disagrees with the current guidelines.
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain using fluorescence probe and DNA flowers enabled by rolling circle amplification
Authors: Zhang Man , Ye Lei 
Published: March 2023

AbstractUsing rolling circle amplification (RCA) and two different ways of signal readout, we developed analytical methods to detect the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S protein). We modified streptavidin-coated magnetic beads with an aptamer of RBD through a biotin-tagged complementary DNA strand (biotin-cDNA). Binding of RBD caused the aptamer to dissociate from the biotin-cDNA, making the cDNA available to initiate RCA on the magnetic beads. Detection of RBD was achieved using a dual signal output. For fluorescence signaling, the RCA products were mixed with a dsDNA probe labeled with fluorophore and quencher. Hybridization of the RCA products caused the dsDNA to separate and to emit fluorescence (λex = 488 nm, λem = 520 nm). To generate easily detectable UV–vis absorbance signal, the RCA amplification was extended to produce DNA flower to encapsulate horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The HRP-encapsulated DNA flower catalyzed a colorimetric reaction between H2O2 and 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to generate an optical signal (λabs = 450 nm). The fluorescence and colorimetric assays for RBD have low detection limits (0.11 pg mL−1 and 0.904 pg mL−1) and a wide linear range (0.001–100 ng mL−1). For detection of RBD in human saliva, the recovery was 93.0–100% for the fluorescence assay and 87.2–107% for the colorimetric assay. By combining fluorescence and colorimetric detection with RCA, detection of the target RBD in human saliva was achieved with high sensitivity and selectivity.
Graphical Abstract
On the stability of bodies suspended asymmetrically with an inelastic rope
Authors: Genda Attila , Stepan Gabor 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe stability of a body suspended asymmetrically by means of an inelastic rope is investigated. The rope is attached to the body at two points and passed over a frictionless hook or a nail in the vertical plane. The equilibrium points of the system and their stability are described as a function of the rope length, the distance of the attachment points and the position of the center of mass. Depending on the choice of the parameters, one, two or three equilibrium positions exist: their structural change manifests itself in the form of cusp bifurcations of co-dimension two, which is determined in exact analytical form.
Common ownership in a delivered pricing duopoly
Authors: Bai Nuowen , Matsumura Toshihiro 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis study investigates how common ownership affects the location choice of duopolists. We formulate a shipping (delivered pricing) model on the Hotelling line in which firms choose their locations and then compete in prices. We show that even if high prices due to common ownership do not reduce welfare under inelastic demand, common ownership can still lead to welfare loss by promoting dispersion among firms. We also find that common ownership promotes transport cost-reducing investments and accelerates welfare loss in excessive investments.