bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Fluorinated Covalent Organic Framework as a Positive Tribo‐Material for High‐Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Authors: Shi Lin , Kale Vinayak S. , Tian Zhengnan , Xu Xiangming , Lei Yongjiu , Kandambeth Sharath , Wang Yizhou , Parvatkar Prakash T. , Shekhah Osama , Eddaoudi Mohamed , Alshareef Husam N. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractAlong with the increasingly wide application of intelligent electronics, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), as a promising sustainable micro‐power source has attracted considerable attention recently. However, most of the reported research focuses on negative triboelectric materials, while research on alternative positive tribo‐layers is still limited. In this study, a new highly fluorinated covalent organic framework (COF) Tp‐TFAB is successfully synthesized and utilized as positive triboelectric materials for high‐performance TENGs. Unusually, compared with the non‐fluorinated Tp‐TAPB COF, both the pristine Tp‐TFAB COF and corresponding hybrid films with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) based TENGs demonstrate much higher triboelectric performance. Especially, a PVC‐PVA/FTC TENG composed of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and hybrid PVA/Tp‐TFAB (PVA/FTC) films reveal much superior triboelectric performance with a short‐circuit current density of 26.34 mA m−2, a transferred charge density of 148.5 µC m−2, and a maximum peak power density of 8.24 W m−2, nearly six times higher than that of the PVC‐PVA TENG. Detailed investigations revealed that the fluorinated Tp‐TFAB COF has enhanced electron donating ability, which significantly boosts the triboelectric output of TENGs. This study provides an effective strategy of chemically designing and synthesizing new alternative triboelectric materials, which will pave the way to significantly enhance the triboelectric performance of TENGs.
Seeding and Emergence of Composite Skyrmions in a van der Waals Magnet
Authors: Powalla Lukas , Birch Max T. , Litzius Kai , Wintz Sebastian , Yasin Fehmi S. , Turnbull Luke A. , Schulz Frank , Mayoh Daniel A. , Balakrishnan Geetha , Weigand Markus , Yu Xiuzhen , Kern Klaus , Schütz Gisela , Burghard Marko 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTopological charge plays a significant role in a range of physical systems. In particular, observations of real‐space topological objects in magnetic materials have been largely limited to skyrmions – states with a unitary topological charge. Recently, more exotic states with varying topology, such as antiskyrmions, merons, or bimerons and 3D states such as skyrmion strings, chiral bobbers, and hopfions, have been experimentally reported. Along these lines, the realization of states with higher‐order topology has the potential to open new avenues of research in topological magnetism and its spintronic applications. Here, real‐space imaging of such spin textures, including skyrmion, skyrmionium, skyrmion bag, and skyrmion sack states, observed in exfoliated flakes of the van der Waals magnet Fe3−xGeTe2 (FGT) is reported. These composite skyrmions may emerge from seeded, loop‐like states condensed into the stripe domain structure, demonstrating the possibility to realize spin textures with arbitrary integer topological charge within exfoliated flakes of 2D magnets. The general nature of the formation mechanism motivates the search for composite skyrmion states in both well‐known and new magnetic materials, which may yet reveal an even richer spectrum of higher‐order topological objects.
The Atomic Drill Bit: Precision Controlled Atomic Fabrication of 2D Materials
Authors: Boebinger Matthew G. , Brea Courtney , Ding Li‐Ping , Misra Sudhajit , Olunloyo Olugbenga , Yu Yiling , Xiao Kai , Lupini Andrew R. , Ding Feng , Hu Guoxiang , Ganesh Panchapakesan , Jesse Stephen , Unocic Raymond R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe ability to deterministically fabricate nanoscale architectures with atomic precision is the central goal of nanotechnology, whereby highly localized changes in the atomic structure can be exploited to control device properties at their fundamental physical limit. Here, an automated, feedback‐controlled atomic fabrication method is reported and the formation of 1D–2D heterostructures in MoS2 is demonstrated through selective transformations along specific crystallographic orientations. The atomic‐scale probe of an aberration‐corrected scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) is used, and the shape and symmetry of the scan pathway relative to the sample orientation are controlled. The focused and shaped electron beam is used to reliably create Mo6S6 nanowire (MoS‐NW) terminated metallic‐semiconductor 1D–2D edge structures within a pristine MoS2 monolayer with atomic precision. From these results, it is found that a triangular beam path aligned along the zig‐zag sulfur terminated (ZZS) direction forms stable MoS‐NW edge structures with the highest degree of fidelity without resulting in disordering of the surrounding MoS2 monolayer. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and ab initio molecular dynamic simulations (AIMD) are used to calculate the energetic barriers for the most stable atomic edge structures and atomic transformation pathways. These discoveries provide an automated method to improve understanding of atomic‐scale transformations while opening a pathway toward more precise atomic‐scale engineering of materials.
Density‐of‐States Matching‐Induced Ultrahigh Current Density and High‐Humidity Resistance in a Simply Structured Triboelectric Nanogenerator
Authors: Sun Qizeng , Liang Fei , Ren Guozhang , Zhang Linrong , He Shunhao , Gao Kun , Gong Zhongyan , Zhang Yulong , Kang Xing , Zhu Chengcheng , Song Yaxin , Sheng Huixiang , Lu Gang , Yu Hai‐Dong , Huang Wei 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTriboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can covert mechanical energy into electricity in a clean and sustainable manner. However, traditional TENGs are mainly limited by the low output current, and thus their practical applications are still limited. Herein, a new type of TENG is developed by using conductive materials as the triboelectric layers and electrodes simultaneously. Because of the matched density of states between the two triboelectric layers, this simply structured device reaches an open‐circuit voltage of 1400 V and an ultrahigh current density of 1333 mA m−2 when poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) film and copper (Cu) or aluminum (Al) foil are used as the triboelectric pair. The current density increases by nearly three orders of magnitude compared with traditional TENGs. More importantly, this device can work stably in high‐humidity environments, which is always a big challenge for traditional TENGs. Surprisingly, this TENG can even perform well in the presence of water droplets. This work provides a new and effective strategy for constructing high‐performance TENGs, which can be used in many practical applications in the near future.
Pd Thickness Optimization on Silicate Sheets for Improving Catalytic Activity
Authors: Doustkhah Esmail , Tsunoji Nao , Assadi M. Hussein N. , Ide Yusuke 
Published: January 2023

AbstractMaximizing surface‐to‐body ratio demands ever smaller metallic palladium (Pd) nanoparticles for catalytic applications. The quest for miniaturization is now reaching the single‐atom limit. However, if the supported Pd is below a critical size, the Pd hybridization with the supporting material can detrimentally reduce the labile electrons that facilitate the catalytic reactions. Thus, the smallest attainable size, i.e., single‐atom Pd, may not offer the best efficiency. Here, it is demonstrated that Pd with at least six atomic layers (or thickness of ≈1 nm) on the silicate sheets, synthesized via the partial exfoliation of a layered silicate, exhibits a metallic‐like electronic property, yielding an excellent catalytic activity (e.g., turnover frequency) for dehydrogenating formic acid higher than both isotropic Pd nanoparticles and single‐atom Pd.
Growth of Robust Carbon Nitride Films by Double Crystallization with Exceptionally Boosted Electrochemiluminescence for Visual DNA Detection
Authors: Hou Yuhua , Fang Yanfeng , Zhou Zhixin , Hong Qing , Li Wang , Yang Hong , Wu Kaiqing , Xu Yuan , Cao Xuwen , Han Dan , Liu Songqin , Shen Yanfei , Zhang Yuanjian 
Published: January 2023

AbstractElectrochemically generated chemiluminescence (ECL) has attracted significant interest over the past decades, ranging from fundamental studies on highly efficient electron‐to‐photon interconversion to practical bioassays. Nonetheless, the ECL efficiency (ΦECL) of most emitters is low, which significantly hampers further development. Herein, this work reports a highly robust carbon nitride film with unusually enhanced ECL efficiency (2256 times higher than that of the reference Ru(bpy)3Cl2/K2S2O8). Double crystallization, which provides the primary interaction of carbon nitride with the substrate and subsequent growth, plays a crucial role in the preparation. The improved ECL efficiency is ascribed to little pinholes suppressing futile co‐reagent reduction, maintenance of more orbit‐delocalized heptazine subunits improving ECL kinetics, and high transparency avoiding self‐absorption. As a potential application, an ultrasensitive visual DNA biosensor by the naked eye is further successfully developed with a linear detection range of 100 pmto 1 µmand limit of detection of 27 pm(S/N = 3).
Plant Protein Amyloid Fibrils for Multifunctional Sustainable Materials
Authors: Li Ting , Zhou Jiangtao , Peydayesh Mohammad , Yao Yang , Bagnani Massimo , Kutzli Ines , Chen Zhengxing , Wang Li , Mezzenga Raffaele 
Published: January 2023

AbstractArtificial functional materials based on amyloid fibrils are proven to be a promising strategy toward functional materials. However, scaling‐up applications present sustainability concerns, as animal proteins are the main sources for fabricating amyloid fibrils. Plant‐protein‐based amyloid fibrils, a more sustainable alternative to animal proteins, are attracting increasing interests as building blocks in functional materials. Herein, 11 different sources from a wide range of plants are evaluated, and a comprehensive analysis of seven species of plant proteins, including kidney bean, black bean, cowpea, mung bean, chickpea, lentil, and pumpkin seed, with an excellent ability to form fibrils, is presented. A universal strategy for a diversity of plant protein extraction and fibrillization is applied. Flexible fibrils with a persistence length of ≈100 nm and rigid fibrils of several micrometers are discovered in 7S/8S and 11S subunits dominated protein, respectively. Structural evolution toward the β‐sheet content on these proteinaceous assemblies is characterized by thioflavin T (ThT) intensity, circular dichroism (CD) spectra, attenuated total reflectance‐Fourier transform infrared (ATR‐FTIR) spectra, and typical wide angle X‐ray scattering (WAXS) spectra. Finally, their multifunctional applications are further explored and proven that these sustainable protein amyloids demonstrate excellent performance in renewable and degradable bioplastics, and in water purification membranes for heavy metal removal.
Nupr1 Negatively Regulates Endothelial to Hematopoietic Transition in the Aorta‐Gonad‐Mesonephros Region
Authors: Wang Haizhen , Liu Di , Chen Haifeng , Jiao Yuqing , Zhao Haixin , Li Zongcheng , Hou Siyuan , Ni Yanli , Zhang Rong , Wang Jinyong , Zhou Jie , Liu Bing , Lan Yu 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn the aorta of mid‐gestational mouse embryos, a specialized endothelial subpopulation termed hemogenic endothelial cells (HECs) develops into hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), through a conserved process of endothelial‐to‐hematopoietic transition (EHT). EHT is tightly controlled by multiple intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms. Nevertheless, the molecular regulators restraining this process remain poorly understood. Here, it is uncovered that, one of the previously identified HEC signature genes, Nupr1, negatively regulates the EHT process. Nupr1 deletion in endothelial cells results in increased HSPC generation in the aorta‐gonad‐mesonephros region. Furthermore, single‐cell transcriptomics combined with serial functional assays reveals that loss of Nupr1 promotes the EHT process by promoting the specification of hematopoiesis‐primed functional HECs and strengthening their subsequent hematopoietic differentiation potential toward HSPCs. This study further finds that the proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF‐α), is significantly upregulated in Nupr1‐deficient HECs, and the use of a specific TNF‐α neutralizing antibody partially reduces excessive HSPC generation in the explant cultures from Nupr1‐deficient embryos. This study identifies a novel negative regulator of EHT and the findings indicate that Nupr1 is a new potential target for future hematopoietic stem cell regeneration research.
Direct Observation of Off‐Stoichiometry‐Induced Phase Transformation of 2D CdSe Quantum Nanosheets
Authors: Ma Hyeonjong , Kim Dongjun , Park Soo Ik , Choi Back Kyu , Park Gisang , Baek Hayeon , Lee Hyocheol , Kim Hyeongseoung , Yu Jong‐Sung , Lee Won Chul , Park Jungwon , Yang Jiwoong 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCrystal structures determine material properties, suggesting that crystal phase transformations have the potential for application in a variety of systems and devices. Phase transitions are more likely to occur in smaller crystals; however, in quantum‐sized semiconductor nanocrystals, the microscopic mechanisms by which phase transitions occur are not well understood. Herein, the phase transformation of 2D CdSe quantum nanosheets caused by off‐stoichiometry is revealed, and the progress of the transformation is directly observed by in situ transmission electron microscopy. The initial hexagonal wurtzite‐CdSe nanosheets with atomically uniform thickness are transformed into cubic zinc blende‐CdSe nanosheets. A combined experimental and theoretical study reveals that electron‐beam irradiation can change the stoichiometry of the nanosheets, thereby triggering phase transformation. The loss of Se atoms induces the reconstruction of surface atoms, driving the transformation from wurtzite‐CdSe(110) to zinc blende‐CdSe(001) 2D nanocrystals. Furthermore, during the phase transformation, unconventional dynamic phenomena occur, including domain separation. This study contributes to the fundamental understanding of the phase transformations in 2D quantum‐sized semiconductor nanocrystals.
A pilot study of home‐based genetic testing completion rate in telegenetics cancer clinics in West Virginia Appalachia
Authors: Falah Nadia , Terry Alissa , Umer Amna , Kastner Marlee , Oliverio Kathryn L. , Matthews Nicole , Kelly Kimberly M. , Kellar‐Guenther Yvonne 
Published: January 2023

AbstractTelegenetics has shifted some genetic testing performance to the patient's own home, with the patient collecting his/her own sample. Little is known regarding the rate of test completion of such home‐based genetic testing. This study compared the completion rate of home‐based genetic tests before and after a reminder system was implemented. In the pre‐reminder group, we reviewed medical records for patients who were seen via telegenetics and agreed to complete genetic testing using an at‐home test kit. In the reminder group, a prospective analysis of the genetic test completion rate was performed taking a clinical quality improvement approach where three reminders were provided for patients who had not submitted their at‐home genetic testing. Our study included 94 patients' records: 46 pre‐reminders and 48 reminders. The lab received 24 patient samples (52.2%) in the pre‐reminder group. In the reminder group, 30 patients returned their kits (62.5%). Despite a higher percentage of patients completing their test in the reminder group, there was no statistically significant difference between the pre‐reminder and reminder groups. The rate of test completion in our pilot test was statistically similar between the two groups, but the reminder group was trending toward a higher percent of completion which may be clinically meaningful.
Compound Vortex Metalens with Linearly Polarized Encryption
Authors: Zhou Changda , Lu Peiyao , Yue Zhiyuan , Xu Jilian , Teng Shuyun 
Published: January 2023

AbstractIn view of the rapid development of nano‐fabrication technology and the wide application of composite vortex fields, a kind of compound vortex metalens with polarization encryption is proposed. The proposed compound vortex metalens can simultaneously generate compound vortex beams with double annular strengths, unequal topological charges, and specific polarization states in different radial regions, which have the characteristic of higher dimensional singularity. The compound vortex metalens consisting of rectangular nanoholes works under linearly polarized light illumination, and the topological charges of the generated compound vortex beam can be modulated through rotating nanoholes. Simulation results and theoretical analysis verify the reliability of polarization‐coded compound vortex beam metalens. The variation of polarized encrypted transmission field with the incident polarized angle shows the broader performance of polarization encryption compound vortex metalens. The multiple singularities and polarization encryption properties of the generated compound vortex beams combining with the integrated metasurface will be helpful for broadening the applications of singular beams.
Tetramine Aspect Ratio and Flexibility Determine Framework Symmetry for Zn8L6Self‐Assembled Structures
Authors: Davies Jack A. , Tarzia Andrew , Ronson Tanya K. , Auras Florian , Jelfs Kim E. , Nitschke Jonathan R. 
Published: January 2023

AbstractWe derive design principles for the assembly of rectangular tetramines into Zn8L6pseudo‐cubic coordination cages. Because of the rectangular, as opposed to square, geometry of the ligand panels, and the possibility of either Δ or Λ handedness of each metal center at the eight corners of the pseudo‐cube, many different cage diastereomers are possible. Each of the six tetra‐aniline subcomponents investigated in this work assembled with zinc(II) and 2‐formylpyridine in acetonitrile into a single Zn8L6pseudo‐cube diastereomer, however. Each product corresponded to one of four diastereomeric configurations, withT,Th,S6orD3symmetry. The preferred diastereomer for a given tetra‐aniline subcomponent was shown to be dependent on its aspect ratio and conformational flexibility. Analysis of computationally modeled individual faces or whole pseudo‐cubes provided insight as to why the observed diastereomers were favored.
Technological Pathways to Produce Compressed and Highly Pure Hydrogen from Solar Power
Authors: Ivanova Mariya E. , Peters Ralf , Müller Martin , Haas Stefan , Seidler Martin Florian , Mutschke Gerd , Eckert Kerstin , Röse Philipp , Calnan Sonya , Bagacki Rory , Schlatmann Rutger , Grosselindemann Cedric , Schäfer Laura‐Alena , Menzler Norbert H. , Weber André , van de Krol Roel , Liang Feng , Abdi Fatwa F. , Brendelberger Stefan , Neumann Nicole , Grobbel Johannes , Roeb Martin , Sattler Christian , Duran Ines , Dietrich Benjamin , Hofberger M. E. Christoph , Stoppel Leonid , Uhlenbruck Neele , Wetzel Thomas , Rauner David , Hecimovic Ante , Fantz Ursel , Kulyk Nadiia , Harting Jens , Guillon Olivier 
Published: January 2023

AbstractHydrogen (H2) produced from renewables will have a growing impact on the global energy dynamics towards sustainable and carbon‐neutral standards. The share of green H2 is still too low to meet the net‐zero target, while the demand for high‐quality hydrogen continues to rise. These factors amplify the need for economically viable H2 generation technologies. The present article aims at evaluating the existing technologies for high‐quality H2 production based on solar energy. Technologies such as water electrolysis, photoelectrochemical and solar thermochemical water splitting, liquid metal reactors and plasma conversion utilize solar power directly or indirectly (as carbon‐neutral electrons) and are reviewed from the perspective of their current development level, technical limitations and future potential.
Blood compatible and noncytotoxic superhydrophobic graphene/titanium dioxide coating with antibacterial and antibiofilm properties
Authors: Wu Xun Hui , Liew Yun Khoon , Lim Wei Meng , Mai Chun‐Wai , Then Yoon Yee 
Published: January 2023

AbstractThe potential of superhydrophobic surfaces has gained vast attention in medical settings due to their self‐cleaning effect (including bacterial colonization reduction), minimized cell‐to‐surface interaction, and anti‐biofouling effect. These valuable features allow the vanquishment of some limitations accompanying the blood‐contacting medical devices that are widely used in clinical practice. The extracorporeal circulation used to perform hemodialysis, for instance, as well as the blood collection sets, these essential blood‐contacting medical devices are frequently associated with bacterial infection and hemolysis. Within this study, superhydrophobic surface was substantiated to enhance the biocompatibility. Herein, the graphene (Gr) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were dip‐coated on poly(lactic acid) (PLA) film to produce a superhydrophobic surface. The uniform distribution of the Gr/TiO2 nanoparticles of the coating enhanced the surface roughness and therefore promoted superhydrophobic properties. Co‐occurrence of the Cassie‐Baxter regime and Wenzel regime was suggested to induce the low surface wettability. The superhydrophobic Gr/TiO2 demonstrated significant inhibition of biofilm formation and antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Besides, the in vitro blood compatibility assay showed a hemolysis rate lower than 2%, which was categorized as nonhemolytic. The exposure of human heart cells and kidney cells to the Gr/TiO2‐coated PLA film did not significantly affect the cell viability. The findings herein showed promising results for the superhydrophobic Gr/TiO2‐coated PLA film to act as a potential biomaterial for single‐use blood‐contacting medical devices. This study also provided insight for future medical applications that require superhydrophobic coatings.
Stress‐Induced Shape‐Shifting Materials Possessing Autonomous Self‐Healing and Scratch‐Resistant Ability
Authors: Upadhyay Chandan , Ojha Umaprasana 
Published: January 2023

AbstractCovalent adaptable networks (CANs) capable of both shape‐shifting and self‐healing ability offer a viable alternative to 4D printing technology to gain access to various complex shapes in a simplified manner. However, most of the reported CANs exhibit shape‐shifting ability in the presence of temperature, light or chemical stimuli, which restricts their further utilization as realization of such a controlled environment is not feasible under complex scenarios. Herewith, we report a set of CANs based on a room‐temperature exchangeable thia‐Michael adduct, which undergoes rearrangement in network topology on application of external stress. These CANs with tensile strength (≤6 MPa) and modulus (≤71.4 MPa) adopt to any programmed shape under application of nominal stress. The CANs also exhibit stress‐induced recyclability, self‐welding and self‐healing ability under ambient conditions. The transparency and ambient condition self‐healing ability render these CANs to be utilized as scratch‐resistant coatings on display items.