bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ANALISIS KETERAMPILAN BERBAHASA EKSPRESIF PADA KEGIATAN LITERASI DENGAN PENDEKATAN WHOLE LANGUAGE PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS 4 SD N SENDANGGUWO 02 SEMARANG SEMESTER GENAP 2022/2023
Authors: Sri Nur Andini  , Joko Sulianto  , Mudzanatun  
Published: August 2023

Penelitian dilatarbelakangi untuk mencapai tujuan mendeskripsikan pelaksanaan kegiatan literasi dan keterampilan berbahasa ekspresif dengan pendekatan whole language pada peserta didik kelas 4 SD N Sendangguwo 02 Semarang semester genap 2022/2023. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan di SD N Sendangguwo 02 Semarang menggunakan sampel 5 peserta didik kelas 4. Data dalam penelitian diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Hasil analisis penelitian diperoleh pelaksanaan literasi telah berjalan sesuai dengan kurikulum merdeka di satuan pendidikan sekolah dasar. Pelaksanaan literasi dilakukan 15 menit setiap pagi sebelum pembelajaran dimulai. Keterampilan berbahasa ekspresif pada peserta didik di kelas 4 SD N Sendangguwo 02 Semarang kemampuan berbahasa dan membaca ekspresif dalam satu kelas rata-rata sudah mahir.Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini saran yang dapat disampaikan adalah sekolah dan guru senantiasa mengawasi dan mencarikan alternative solusi agar pelaksanaan literasi dan keterampilan berbahasa ekspresif peserta didik meningkat dan lancar.
A Further Extension of Rödl's Theorem
Authors: Nguyen Tung 
Published: August 2023

Fix $\varepsilon>0$ and a nonnull graph $H$. A well-known theorem of Rödl from the 80s says that every graph $G$ with no induced copy of $H$ contains a linear-sized $\varepsilon$-restricted set $S\subseteq V(G)$, which means $S$ induces a subgraph with maximum degree at most $\varepsilon |S|$ in $G$ or its complement. There are two extensions of this result:

quantitatively, Nikiforov (and later Fox and Sudakov) relaxed the condition "no induced copy of $H$" into "at most $\kappa|G|^{|H|}$ induced copies of $H$ for some $\kappa>0$" depending on $H$ and $\varepsilon$; and
qualitatively, Chudnovsky, Scott, Seymour, and Spirkl recently showed that there exists $N>0$ depending on $H$ and $\varepsilon$ such that $G$ is $(N,\varepsilon)$-restricted, which means $V(G)$ has a partition into at most $N$ subsets that are $\varepsilon$-restricted.

A natural common generalization of these two asserts that every graph $G$ with at most $\kappa|G|^{|H|}$ induced copies of $H$ is $(N,\varepsilon)$-restricted for some $\kappa,N>0$. This is unfortunately false, but we prove that for every $\varepsilon>0$, $\kappa$ and $N$ still exist so that for every $d\ge0$, every graph with at most $\kappa d^{\vert H\vert}$ induced copies of $H$ has an $(N,\varepsilon)$-restricted induced subgraph on at least $\vert G\vert-d$ vertices. This unifies the two aforementioned theorems, and is optimal up to$\kappa$ and $N$ for every value of $d$.
The Children’s Picture Books Lexicon (CPB-Lex): A large-scale lexical database from children’s picture books
Authors: Green Clarence , Keogh Kathleen , Sun He , O’Brien Beth 
Published: August 2023

AbstractThis article presents cpb-lex, a large-scale database of lexical statistics derived from children’s picture books (age range 0–8 years). Such a database is essential for research in psychology, education and computational modelling, where rich details on the vocabulary of early print exposure are required. Cpb-lex was built through an innovative method of computationally extracting lexical information from automatic speech-to-text captions and subtitle tracks generated from social media channels dedicated to reading picture books aloud. It consists of approximately 25,585 types (wordforms) and their frequency norms (raw and Zipf-transformed), a lexicon of bigrams (two-word sequences and their transitional probabilities) and a document-term matrix (which shows the importance of each word in the corpus in each book). Several immediate contributions of cpb-lex to behavioural science research are reported, including that the new cpb-lex frequency norms strongly predict age of acquisition and outperform comparable child-input lexical databases. The database allows researchers and practitioners to extract lexical statistics for high-frequency words which can be used to develop word lists. The paper concludes with an investigation of how cpb-lex can be used to extend recent modelling research on the lexical diversity children receive from picture books in addition to child-directed speech. Our model shows that the vocabulary input from a relatively small number of picture books can dramatically enrich vocabulary exposure from child-directed speech and potentially assist children with vocabulary input deficits. The database is freely available from the Open Science Framework repository: https://tinyurl.com/4este73c.
Cutting Edge: Induced Loss of Rasgrp1 in Peripheral CD4+ T Cells of Conditional Rasgrp1-Deficient Mice Reveals an Essential Role for Rasgrp1 in TCR/CD28-Induced Ras–MAPK Signaling
Authors: Chang Yating , Manivannan Praveen , Doosti Abbas , Lapinski Philip E , Chen Di , Roose Jeroen P , King Philip D 
Published: August 2023

Abstract
Ras guanine nucleotide-releasing protein 1 (Rasgrp1) is a Ras guanine nucleotide exchange factor that participates in the activation of the Ras–ERK signaling pathway in developing T cells and is required for efficient thymic T cell positive selection. However, the role of Rasgrp1 in mature peripheral T cells has not been definitively addressed, in part because peripheral T cells from constitutive Rasgrp1-deficient mice show an abnormal activated phenotype. In this study, we generated an inducible Rasgrp1-deficient mouse model to allow acute disruption of Rasgrp1 in peripheral CD4+ T cells in the context of normal T cell development. TCR/CD28-mediated activation of Ras–ERK signaling was blocked in Rasgrp1-deficient peripheral CD4+ T cells. Furthermore, Rasgrp1-deficient CD4+ T cells were unable to synthesize IL-2 and the high-affinity IL-2R and were unable to proliferate in response to TCR/CD28 stimulation. These findings highlight an essential function for Rasgrp1 for TCR/CD28-induced Ras–ERK activation in peripheral CD4+ T cells.
Fasudil-modified macrophages reduce inflammation and regulate the immune response in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis
Authors: Liu Chunyun , Guo Shangde , Liu Rong , Guo Minfang , Wang Qing , Chai Zhi , Xiao Baoguo , Ma Cungen 
Published: August 2023

Abstract

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202403000-00044/inline-graphic1/v/2023-09-27T141015Z/r/image-tiff

Multiple sclerosis is characterized by demyelination and neuronal loss caused by inflammatory cell activation and infiltration into the central nervous system. Macrophage polarization plays an important role in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, a traditional experimental model of multiple sclerosis. This study investigated the effect of Fasudil on macrophages and examined the therapeutic potential of Fasudil-modified macrophages in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. We found that Fasudil induced the conversion of macrophages from the pro-inflammatory M1 type to the anti-inflammatory M2 type, as shown by reduced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide, interleukin-12, and CD16/32 and increased expression of arginase-1, interleukin-10, CD14, and CD206, which was linked to inhibition of Rho kinase activity, decreased expression of toll-like receptors, nuclear factor-κB, and components of the mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, and generation of the pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6. Crucially, Fasudil-modified macrophages effectively decreased the impact of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, resulting in later onset of disease, lower symptom scores, less weight loss, and reduced demyelination compared with unmodified macrophages. In addition, Fasudil-modified macrophages decreased interleukin-17 expression on CD4+ T cells and CD16/32, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and interleukin-12 expression on F4/80+ macrophages, as well as increasing interleukin-10 expression on CD4+ T cells and arginase-1, CD206, and interleukin-10 expression on F4/80+ macrophages, which improved immune regulation and reduced inflammation. These findings suggest that Fasudil-modified macrophages may help treat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by inducing M2 macrophage polarization and inhibiting the inflammatory response, thereby providing new insight into cell immunotherapy for multiple sclerosis.
Olfactory dysfunction and its related molecular mechanisms in Parkinson’s disease
Authors: Gu Yingying , Zhang Jiaying , Zhao Xinru , Nie Wenyuan , Xu Xiaole , Liu Mingxuan , Zhang Xiaoling 
Published: August 2023

AbstractChanges in olfactory function are considered to be early biomarkers of Parkinson’s disease. Olfactory dysfunction is one of the earliest non-motor features of Parkinson’s disease, appearing in about 90% of patients with early-stage Parkinson’s disease, and can often predate the diagnosis by years. Therefore, olfactory dysfunction should be considered a reliable marker of the disease. However, the mechanisms responsible for olfactory dysfunction are currently unknown. In this article, we clearly explain the pathology and medical definition of olfactory function as a biomarker for early-stage Parkinson’s disease. On the basis of the findings of clinical olfactory function tests and animal model experiments as well as neurotransmitter expression levels, we further characterize the relationship between olfactory dysfunction and neurodegenerative diseases as well as the molecular mechanisms underlying olfactory dysfunction in the pathology of early-stage Parkinson’s disease. The findings highlighted in this review suggest that olfactory dysfunction is an important biomarker for preclinical-stage Parkinson’s disease. Therefore, therapeutic drugs targeting non-motor symptoms such as olfactory dysfunction in the early stage of Parkinson’s disease may prevent or delay dopaminergic neurodegeneration and reduce motor symptoms, highlighting the potential of identifying effective targets for treating Parkinson’s disease by inhibiting the deterioration of olfactory dysfunction.
Expression of osteopontin in hepatocellular carcinoma
Authors: Amer Basma S. , El-Anwar Noha M. 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a complex disease entity with multiple steps and associated with many risk factors and cofactors. Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted glycosylated phosphoprotein encoded by the secreted phosphoprotein 1 gene. OPN has been implicated as an essential mediator and potential therapeutic target of cancer metastasis.

Objectives
This study aimed to determine the expression of OPN in HCC and to correlate the findings with different clinicopathological characteristics as well as p53 expression.

Materials and methods
HCC specimens (n=84) were immunostained using antibodies against OPN and p53. The association between OPN and clinicopathological parameters including grade, number of tumors, tumor size, and vascular invasion as well as p53 expression were evaluated.

Results
OPN showed positivity (+1 and +2) in 53 (63.1%) cases. OPN expression was directly proportional with tumor size, tumor grade, and vascular invasion, as high OPN expression showed a highly significant association with large-sized tumors (>5 cm in diameter), high-grade HCC, and vascular invasion. No significant association was detected between OPN expression and age (P=0.738), sex (P=0.835), and number of tumors (P=0.358). OPN expression was directly proportional to p53 expression, as p53 positivity was observed in high-grade tumors with vascular invasion (P<0.001).

Conclusion
OPN expression may have prognostic significance in HCC, as overexpression of OPN is associated with high-grade, large-size tumors and vascular invasion as well as high p53 expression.
Relevance of CD4+ and CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and Foxp3 as prognostic factors in papillary thyroid carcinoma
Authors: Farrag Mayada S. , Emarah Ziad , Hamdy Omar , Hafez Mohamed T. , Abdelwahab Khaled , Ros Mohamed H. , Farrag Nesrine S. , Ibrahiem Afaf T. 
Published: August 2023

Background
There is increasing evidence supporting the prognostic significance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes as CD4, CD8, and forkhead box P3 (Foxp3)-expressing regulatory T cells in different cancers, however, their significance in thyroid cancer remains uncertain.

Aims
We investigated the expression of CD4, CD8, and Foxp3 in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and assessed its prognostic implications.

Study design
It is a retrospective study carried out on 43 PTC cases that were retrieved from archives of pathology lab of Oncology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt.

Materials and methods
Immunostaining for CD4, CD8, and Foxp3 was done.

Results
We found that CD4/CD8 expression was significantly higher among patients with higher lymph-node stage and more extranodal extension (P=0.038 and 0.043, respectively). Disease-free survival was found to be shorter among patients with high CD4/CD8 ratio compared with patients with low ratio (P=0.014). As regards Foxp3, there was a difference in its expression between neoplastic and nonneoplastic tissues. Both disease-free survival and overall survival were found to be shorter among patients with positive Foxp3 in tumor and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes compared with patients with negative Foxp3 in both.

Conclusions
CD4/CD8 ratio and Foxp3 could be used as predictive markers and as a target therapy for PTC.
Esthetic and functional advantages of subapical anterior segmental maxillary osteotomy in treatment of dentofacial deformity
Authors: Shahine Mohammed S. , Mwafey Ibraheem M. 
Published: August 2023

Aim
This study aims to investigate the effect of anterior segmental maxillary osteotomy in treatment of maxillary prognathism with good molars occlusion.

Patients and methods
This study includes 20 patients diagnosed with dentofacial deformities − maxillary prognathism visiting maxillofacial surgery outpatient clinic in Assiut University Hospitals during the period between January 2017 and December 2021.

Results
The common complications which occur is wound infection which occur in two (10%) cases, then postoperative relapse which occur in one (5%) case, palatal mucosal tear which occur in one (5%) case, and unfavorable nasolabial esthetic which occur in one (5%) case.

Conclusion
Anterior segmental maxillary osteotomy is a recommended treatment modality of choice in patients with maxillary and/or dentoalveolar protrusion.
The effect of immediate postoperative increase in blood flow velocity in predicting maturation of arteriovenous fistula for dialysis
Authors: Meaad Mohamed , Mashaal A. , Zaki M. 
Published: August 2023

Background
Doppler ultrasonography is the main imaging modality for hemodialysis arteriovenous fistula (AVF) as it is safe, accurate, and noninvasive. Published literature related to the utility of early postoperative ultrasound in predicting AVF maturation is scarce. With the KDOQI guidelines recommending an AVF first catheter last approach, the quest to increase AVF maturation is of utmost importance. This study aims at measuring blood flow immediately postoperatively and assessing its predictive role in AVF maturation.

Methods
We correlated the ultrasound parameters with maturation in newly created AVFs measured preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, 6 weeks, and 3, 6, and12 months postoperatively. Both demographics and vascular parameters were compared between the group of patients whose AVFs successfully maturated and those whose AVFs did not. Primary endpoint was AVF maturation; secondary endpoints included patency, functional success, and predictive value of increased vein blood flow on fistula patency.

Results
A total of 50 procedures were performed; the mean age was 52.12 years (±6.58). The overall technical success rate was 86% (43) and 39 (90.7%) of them were functionally mature according to KDOQI guidelines for maturation. Primary patency was 93.02%, 92.7%, and 88.89%; and the primary-assisted patency was 97.7%, 95.12%, and 91.67% at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively.
Receiver-operated curve (ROC) showed a cutoff value of 322.8 ml/min increase in blood flow above which the AVF is more likely to become mature.
Binary logistic regression showed that arterial depth greater than 3.92 mm, arterial flow velocity greater than 88 ml/min, preoperative average vein diameter of greater than 2.5 mm, arterial flow velocity of greater than 73 ml/min immediately postoperatively, and average vein diameter of greater than 3.94 mm immediately postoperatively were significant predictors of successful maturation at 6 weeks postoperatively (P values 0.001, <0.0001, <0.0001, <0.0001, and <0.0001, respectively).

Conclusion
Immediately postoperative flow measurement is a reliable parameter that can be used to predict successful fistula maturation, especially if flow velocities exceed 326.15 ml/min.
Pain and quality of life after laparoscopic unilateral inguinal hernia repair
Authors: Azam Ahmed , Borham Waleed , Abbas Ashraf , Basheer Magdy 
Published: August 2023

Introduction
Surgical repair of inguinal hernias is one of the most frequently performed operations. Transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) and Total extraperitoneal (TEP) methods are the two commonly employed laparoscopic methods for herniorrhaphy.

Objective
To evaluate the pain and quality of life (QoL) following laparoscopic inguinal hernia surgery utilizing the TAPP and TEP methods.

Patients and methods
One hundred individuals with unilateral inguinal hernias who had received a clinical diagnosis participated in this prospective trial. The research population was randomly split into two groups by computer-generated software: group A, which consisted of 50 inguinal hernia patients who experienced laparoscopic TAPP surgery, and group B, which consisted of 50 inguinal hernia patients who were treated with laparoscopic TEP surgery.

Results
After one week and one month postoperatively, the TAPP group had a higher median pain VAS score than the TEP group, which was significant statistically (p values 0.001 and 0.001, respectively). The two groups’ VAS scores did not differ significantly after three- and six-months follow-up. In terms of preoperative and six-month postoperative QoL related domains, the TAPP versus TEP patients showed insignificant difference. Cases involving TAPP and TEP showed an increase of statistical significance in QoL domains from preoperative to six months following surgery.

Conclusion
According to our investigation, TEP is superior to TAPP. When performed by skilled hands, it appears to be the best method for repairing inguinal hernias.
Prediction of common bile duct stones in acute cholecystitis patients at time of hospital admission
Authors: Sadek Mohamed , Mohammed Mohammed M. , Hendy Mina Makram , Saleh Saleh Khairy , Abdelzaher Mohamed A. 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundEarly diagnosis of common bile duct stone (CBDS) is crucial since its presence affects surgical therapy and acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC) has a comparable clinical picture whether or not a CBDS is present.AimAt the time of hospital admission, we sought to discover predictors of CBD stones in acute cholecystitis (AC) patients.MethodsBetween January 2020 and December 2022, we chose 90 patients who had typical ACC and had previously visited the emergency room at Minia University Hospital in Egypt. The 90 AC patients were split into two groups: the 63 AC patients without CBD stones and the 27 AC patients with CBD stones. The data were obtained and compared between the two groups include gender, age, history of chronic calcular cholecystitis (CCC), white blood cells (WBC), liver function tests (LFT), and common bile duct (CBD) diameter.ResultsBy using simple logistic regression analysis for prediction of CBD stones, old age > 55 years, CBD diameter more than 6 mm and elevated liver functions including total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) was associated with CBD stones. By using multiple logistic regression analysis, only 2 variable showing significant association with CBD stones, including old age > 55 years (P = 0.013, odds ratio 9.26, confidence interval 1.6–53.61) and direct bilirubin (P = 0.008, Odds ratio 55.67, confidence interval 2.89–1072.35).ConclusionAge, abnormal LFTs greater than twofold, and dilated CBD >6 mm in AC patients increase the likelihood of concurrent CBDS. Knowing about these results might assist physicians develop clinical suspicions for an earlier diagnosis and improved management of CBDS.
Ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block versus transversus abdominis plane block in postoperative pain management after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy
Authors: Hussien Rania M. , Elsaid Amr M. , Abd Elraziq Mohamed Y. , Mahrose Ramy 
Published: August 2023

Background
Patients undergoing abdominal surgeries may benefit from an ultrasound-guided quadratus lumborum block (QLB) as one of the postoperative pain management techniques.

Objective
This study compares the effects of bilateral ultrasound guided Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block versus bilateral ultrasound guided QLB on postoperative analgesia in patients having laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) under general anaesthesia (GA).

Patients and methods
45 patients who were scheduled for elective LSG participated in a randomized controlled trial. All patients were given 1–2 μg/kg of intravenous fentanyl as intraoperative narcotic during GA. QLB Group (15 patients): received ultrasound-guided QLB using 0.2 mL/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine per side after induction of general anaesthesia. TAP Group (15 patients): received ultrasound-guided TAP block using 0.2 mL/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine per side after induction of general anaesthesia. Control Group (15 patients): received general anaesthesia and then 1 gm IV paracetamol and 30 mg IV ketorolac within first hour and 8 h postoperative.

Results
QLB group used pethidine as rescue analgesia mush less than other groups with highly statistically significant difference (P value<0.001). Also, there was statistically significant difference between groups in number of patients needed rescue analgesia (60% of QLB group, 86.7% of TAP group and 100% of control group).
Also, the QLB group had superior clinical pain scores than the other groups with a statistically significant difference at PACU arrival, 30 min, 2 h, and 4 h postoperative. The TAP group had a lower VAS score than the control group, with a statistically significant difference at PACU arrival and 4 h postoperative. In comparison to the TAP group, the VAS score was lower in the QLB group, with a statistically significant difference at 30 min postoperatively.
MAP was significantly lower in the QLB group than in the control group at PACU entry, 30 min, and 6 h postoperatively. However, MAP was lower in the QLB group than in the TAP group, with a statistically significant difference only at the 12- and 24-hour post-operative time points. HR was less significantly in QLB group than control group at 30, 2, 12, 24 h postoperatively, when comparing the HR between the QLB and TAP groups, the difference became statistically significant only at the 12-hour post-operative time.

Conclusion
In compared to TAP block and IV analgesics, QLB was the most efficient method for delivering analgesia following LSG.