bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cutaneous T‐cell lymphoma—Focus on some problems, and some solutions
Authors: Beltraminelli Helmut 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCutaneous lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of several distinct entities of lymphoproliferative diseases. The diagnosis of a cutaneous lymphoma is a challenge, and it is always the result of a careful analysis of several information's consisting of clinical history, clinical picture, histological and molecular analyses. For this reason, experts taking care of patients with a skin lymphoma need to know all the peculiar diagnostic elements very well, in order not to run into mistakes. In this article, we will focus the discussion on some issues as the skin biopsy (when and where). In addition, we will discuss the approach to the erythrodermic patient, whose differential diagnoses include mycosis fungoides, and Sézary syndrome, beside more frequent inflammatory conditions. Finally, we will address the issue of quality of life and the possible support of the suffering patient with a cutaneous lymphoma, well knowing that the current therapeutic possibilities are unfortunately limited.
Allergen‐specific immunotherapy by recombinant Der P1 allergen‐derived peptide‐based vaccine in an allergic mouse model
Authors: Asoudeh Moghanloo Soheila , Forouzanfar Mohsen , Jafarinia Mojtaba , Fazlollahi Mohammad R. , Kardar Gholam Ali 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAimIncreased IgE levels have made house dust mite allergens one of the most frequent causes of allergies worldwide. Treatment reduces the IgE antibodies and types two cytokines, namely interleukin‐4 (IL‐4) and IL‐13. Although existing treatments significantly reduce IgE or IL‐4/IL‐13, they are very costly. This study aimed to construct a recombinant protein derived from rDer p1 peptides in the form of an immunotherapy approach and to measure the response of IgE and IgG antibodies.MethodsThe proteins were isolated, purified, and evaluated using the SDS‐PAGE and Bradford test and confirmed by using Western blot. To evaluate immunotherapy efficiency, 24 BALB/C mice were sensitized intraperitoneally with house dust mites (HDM) adsorbed to Aluminum hydroxide (Alum) and randomly divided into four groups of six: control sensitized, HDM extract, rDer p1, and DpTTDp vaccine. To immunization, four groups of random mice were each treated with phosphate‐buffered saline, 100 μg of rDer p1 protein, DpTTDp, or HDM extract, every 3 days. Direct ELISA determined HDM‐specific IgG and IgE subclasses. Data were analyzed in SPSS and Graph pad prism software. Values of p < .05 were considered significant.ResultsAfter immunization of mice, the rDer P1 and recombinant vaccine like HDM extract increased IgG antibody titer and decreased IgE‐dependent reactivity in allergic mice to rDer P1. Also, the levels of inflammatory IL‐4 and IL‐13 cytokines as allergic stimulants decreased.ConclusionThe use of present available recombinant proteins is considered a viable, cost‐effective, and long‐term option for providing effective HDM allergy immunotherapy vaccines without side effects.
Safety and efficacy of direct percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy placement in patients with previous upper gastrointestinal resection: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Colletier Keegan , Toy Greg , Freeman Ryan , Dixon Robert , Morris John , Sossenheimer Michael , Fang John 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPercutaneous jejunal enteral access can be obtained with percutaneous endoscopic gastric jejunostomy (PEGJ) and direct percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy (DPEJ) tubes. PEGJ may not be feasible in patients with previous gastric resection (PGR) and DPEJ may be the only option. Our aim is to determine if DPEJ tubes can be placed successfully in patients with history of gastrointestinal (GI) surgery and if success rates are comparable to DPEJ or PEGJ in those without prior GI surgery.MethodsWe reviewed all tube placements performed from 2010 to present. Procedures were performed using a pediatric colonoscope. Previous upper GI surgery was defined as PGR or esophagectomy with gastric pull‐up. Adverse events (AEs) were graded per American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy criteria. Mild events included unplanned medical consultation or hospitalization <3 days, and moderate events included repeat endoscopy without surgical intervention.ResultsSuccessful placement rates were high regardless of GI surgical history. Patients receiving a DPEJ with a history of GI surgery were significantly less likely to experience an AE compared with those receiving DPEJ with no history and compared with PEGJ patients with or without a history.ConclusionsDPEJ placement in patients with previous upper GI surgery has very high success rate. It is associated with lower AE rates than patients receiving DPEJ without previous gastric surgery, or PEGJ regardless of previous gastric surgery. Patients with a history of upper GI surgery requiring enteral access may benefit from DPEJ over PEGJ placement considering its very high success rate and lower incidence of AEs.
All Optically Switchable Active Photonics Based on the Halide Perovskite GST Platform
Authors: Kushchenko Olga M. , Gets Dmitry S. , Rybin Mikhail V. , Yavsin Denis A. , Makarov Sergey V. , Shishkin Ivan I. , Sinelnik Artem D. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHalide perovskites are a class of semiconductors with strong direct interband transition and high mobility of charge carriers resulting in bright luminescence, which can be easily tuned chemically in a broad spectral range. Moreover, perovskites can be synthesized by means of simple wet chemistry approaches on arbitrary surfaces, opening new avenues for perovskites integration with a plethora of other functional materials. Here, this work reports on a versatile platform for reversible switching of halide perovskite's optical properties enabled by high‐index phase‐change materials (Ge‐Sb‐Te) serving as an active subnanolayer, which controls the perovskite film's behavior. Based on this approach, this work demonstrates micro‐QR‐coding and switchable bright emission, whose wavelength can be adjusted in the whole visible range.
Facilitation of Cell Cycle and Cellular Migration of Rat Schwann Cells by O‐Carboxymethyl Chitosan to Support Peripheral Nerve Regeneration
Authors: Jiang Zhiwen , Zhang Wei , Liu Chenqi , Xia Lixin , Wang Shuo , Wang Yanting , Shao Kai , Han Baoqin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractO‐carboxymethyl chitosan (CM‐chitosan), holds high potential as a valuable biomaterial for nerve guidance conduits (NGCs). However, the lack of explicit bioactivity on neurocytes and poor duration that does not match nerve repair limit the restorative effects. Herein, CM‐chitosan‐based NGC is designed to induce the reconstruction of damaged peripheral nerves without addition of other activation factors. CM‐chitosan possesses excellent performance in vitro for nerve tissue engineering, such as increasing the organization of filamentous actin and the expression of phospho‐Akt, and facilitating the cell cycle and migration of Schwann cells. Moreover, CM‐chitosan exhibits increased longevity upon cross‐linking (C‐CM‐chitosan) with 1, 4‐Butanediol diglycidyl ether, and C‐CM‐chitosan fibers possess appropriate biocompatibility. In order to imitate the structure of peripheral nerves, multichannel bioactive NGCs are prepared from lumen fillers of oriented C‐CM‐chitosan fibers and outer warp‐knitted chitosan pipeline. Implantation of the C‐CM‐chitosan NGCs to rats with 10‐mm defects of peripheral nerves effectively improve nerve function reconstruction by increasing the sciatic functional index, decreasing the latent periods of heat tingling, enhancing the gastrocnemius muscle, and promoting nerve axon recovery, showing regenerative efficacy similar to that of autograft. The results lay a theoretical foundation for improving the potential high‐value applications of CM‐chitosan‐based bioactive materials in nerve tissue engineering.
Continuous functions with impermeable graphs
Authors: Buczolich Zoltán , Leobacher Gunther , Steinicke Alexander 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe construct a Hölder continuous function on the unit interval which coincides in uncountably (in fact continuum) many points with every function of total variation smaller than 1 passing through the origin. We conclude that this function has impermeable graph—one of the key concepts introduced in this paper—and we present further examples of functions both with permeable and impermeable graphs. Moreover, we show that typical (in the sense of Baire category) continuous functions have permeable graphs. The first example function is subsequently used to construct an example of a continuous function on the plane which is intrinsically Lipschitz continuous on the complement of the graph of a Hölder continuous function with impermeable graph, but which is not Lipschitz continuous on the plane. As another main result, we construct a continuous function on the unit interval which coincides in a set of Hausdorff dimension 1 with every function of total variation smaller than 1 which passes through the origin.
Inhibition of YAP1 activity ameliorates acute lung injury through promotion of M2 macrophage polarization
Authors: Liang Lu , Xu Wenyan , Shen Ao , Fu Xiaomei , Cen Huiyu , Wang Siran , Lin Zhongxiao , Zhang Lingmin , Lin Fangyu , Zhang Xin , Zhou Na , Chang Jishuo , Chen Zhe‐Sheng , Li Chuwen , Yu Xiyong 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe balance of M1/M2 macrophage polarization plays an important role in regulating inflammation during acute lung injury (ALI). Yes‐associated protein (YAP1) is a key protein in the Hippo–YAP1 signaling pathway and is involved in macrophage polarization. We aimed to determine the role of YAP1 in pulmonary inflammation following ALI and regulation of M1/M2 polarization. Pulmonary inflammation and injury with upregulation of YAP1 were observed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced ALI. The YAP1 inhibitor, verteporfin, attenuated pulmonary inflammation and improved lung function in ALI mice. Moreover, verteporfin promoted M2 polarization and inhibited M1 polarization in the lung tissues of ALI mice and LPS‐treated bone marrow‐derived macrophages (BMMs). Additionally, siRNA knockdown confirmed that silencing Yap1 decreased chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) expression and promoted M2 polarization, whereas silencing large tumor suppressor 1 (Lats1) increased CCL2 expression and induced M1 polarization in LPS‐treated BMMs. To investigate the role of inflammatory macrophages in ALI mice, we performed single‐cell RNA sequencing of macrophages isolated from the lungs. Thus, verteporfin could activate the immune‐inflammatory response, promote the potential of M2 macrophages, and alleviate LPS‐induced ALI. Our results reveal a novel mechanism where YAP1‐mediated M2 polarization alleviates ALI. Therefore, inhibition of YAP1 may be a target for the treatment of ALI.
Assessment of cross‐dose contributions from tumors within computational phantoms using a Geant4 radiation dosimetry tool exploiting hybrid analytical/voxelised geometries
Authors: Salman Muhammad , Guatelli Susanna , Rosenfeld Anatoly B. , Malaroda Alessandra 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundDosimetry software tools developed for Radiopharmaceutical Therapy, such as OLINDA/EXM or IDAC‐Dose, account only for radiation dose to organs from radiopharmaceutical taken up in other organs.PurposeThe aim of this study is to present a methodology, that can be applied to any voxelised computational model, able to account for cross‐dose to organs from tumors of any shape and number enclosed within an organ.MethodsA Geant4 application using hybrid analytical/voxelised geometries has been developed as an extension to the ICRP110_HumanPhantom Geant4 advanced example and validated against ICRP publication 133. In this new Geant4 application, tumors are defined using the Geant4 Parallel Geometry functionality, which allows the co‐existence of two independent geometries in the same Monte Carlo simulation. The methodology was validated by estimating total dose to healthy tissue from 90Y and from 177Lu distributed within tumors of various sizes localized within the liver of the ICRP110 adult male phantom.ResultsAgreement of the Geant4 application with ICRP133 was within 5% when masses were adjusted for blood content. Total dose to healthy liver and to tumors was found to agree within 1% when compared to the ground truth.ConclusionsThe methodology presented in this work can be extended to investigate total dose to healthy tissue from systemic uptake of radiopharmaceuticals in tumors of different sizes using any voxelised computational dosimetric model.
Use of teduglutide in adults with short bowel syndrome–associated intestinal failure
Authors: Pironi Loris , Allard Johane P. , Joly Francisca , Geransar Parnia , Genestin Elisabeth , Pape Ulrich‐Frank 
Published: June 2023

AbstractShort bowel syndrome (SBS) is a rare gastrointestinal disorder associated with intestinal failure (SBS‐IF) and poor health‐related outcomes. Patients with SBS‐IF are unable to absorb sufficient nutrients or fluids to maintain significantly metabolic homeostasis via oral or enteral intake alone and require long‐term intravenous supplementation (IVS), consisting of partial or total parenteral nutrition, fluids, electrolytes, or a combination of these. The goal of medical and surgical treatment for patients with SBS‐IF is to maximize intestinal remnant absorptive capacity so that the need for IVS support may eventually be reduced or eliminated. Daily subcutaneous administration of the glucagon‐like peptide 2 analog, teduglutide, has been shown to be clinically effective in reducing IVS dependence and potentially improving the health‐related quality of life of patients with SBS‐IF. The management of patients with SBS‐IF is complex and requires close monitoring. This narrative review discusses the use of teduglutide for patients with SBS‐IF in clinical practice. The screening of patient eligibility for teduglutide treatment, initiation, monitoring of efficacy and safety of treatment, adapting or weaning off IVS, and the healthcare setting needed for SBS‐IF management are described, taking into consideration data from clinical trials, observational studies, and clinical experience.
Severe vitamin C deficiency associated with continuous renal replacement therapy: A case report
Authors: Burslem Ryan , Roberts Susan , Rajwani Kapil , Ziegler Jane 
Published: June 2023

AbstractHypovitaminosis C is prevalent in critically ill patients. Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) clears vitamin C, increasing the risk for vitamin C deficiency. However, recommendations for vitamin C supplementation in critically ill patients receiving CRRT vary widely, from 250 mg/day to 12 g/day. This case report describes a patient who developed a severe vitamin C deficiency after prolonged CRRT despite receiving ascorbic acid (450 mg/day) supplementation in her parenteral nutrition. This report summarizes recent research investigating vitamin C status in critically ill patients receiving CRRT, discusses the patient case, and provides recommendations for clinical practice. In critically ill patients receiving CRRT, the authors of this manuscript suggest providing at least 1000 mg/day of ascorbic acid to prevent vitamin C deficiency. Baseline vitamin C levels should be checked in patients who are malnourished and/or have other risk factors for vitamin C deficiency, and vitamin C levels should be monitored thereafter every 1–2 weeks.
Impact of hemoglobin A1c level on the association between non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drug use and cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes: A population‐based cohort study
Authors: Bonnesen Kasper , Pedersen Lars , Ehrenstein Vera , Sørensen Henrik T. , Lash Timothy L. , Schmidt Morten 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectiveNon‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) should be used cautiously in patients with type 2 diabetes. We examined whether the cardiovascular risks associated with NSAID use depended on HbA1c level in patients with type 2 diabetes.MethodsWe conducted a population‐based cohort study of all adult Danes with a first‐time HbA1c measurement ≥48 mmol/mol during 2012–2020 (n = 103 308). We used information on sex, age, comorbidity burden, and drug use to calculate time‐varying inverse probability of treatment weights. After applying these weights in a pooled logistic regression, we estimated hazard ratios (HRs) of the association between use of NSAIDs (ibuprofen, naproxen, or diclofenac) and cardiovascular events (a composite of myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation or flutter, and all‐cause death). We stratified all analyses by HbA1c level (<53 or ≥53 mmol/mol).ResultsFor ibuprofen use, the HR of a cardiovascular event was 1.53 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.34–1.75) in patients with HbA1c <53 and 1.24 (95% CI: 1.00–1.53) in patients with HbA1c ≥53 mmol/mol. For naproxen use, the HR was 1.14 (95% CI: 0.59–2.21) in patients with HbA1c <53 and 1.30 (95% CI: 0.49–3.49) in patients with HbA1c ≥53 mmol/mol. For diclofenac use, the HR was 2.40 (95% CI: 1.62–3.56) in patients with HbA1c <53 and 2.89 (95% CI: 1.65–5.04) in patients with HbA1c ≥53 mmol/mol.ConclusionsIn patients with type 2 diabetes, glycemic dysregulation did not affect the cardiovascular risk associated with NSAID use.
Clinical characteristics and prognosis of 69 cases of neonatal appendicitis
Authors: Zhao Yong , Tang Caihan , Huang Jinshi , Liao Junmin , Gu Yichao , Hua Kaiyun , Zhang Yanan , Chen Yongwei , Li Shuangshuang 
Published: June 2023

ABSTRACTImportanceNeonatal appendicitis (NA) is a rare and potentially fatal neonatal disease. However, misdiagnosis is common owing to atypical clinical manifestations and non‐specific laboratory tests.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to summarize the clinical characteristics, treatments, and prognoses of infants with NA.MethodsThis retrospective analysis included 69 patients diagnosed with NA admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital between 1980 and 2019. The patients were divided into surgical and non‐surgical groups based on whether surgery was performed. Their clinical characteristics were analyzed using the chi‐square test, t‐test, or the Mann‐Whitney U test.ResultsThe study included 47 males and 22 females with NA. The primary symptoms were abdominal distension (n = 36, 52.2%), fever (n = 19, 27.5%), refusal to feed or decreased feeding (n = 16, 23.2%), and vomiting (n = 15, 21.7%). Sixty‐five patients underwent abdominal ultrasound examinations; 43 had definite appendiceal abnormalities, 10 had right lower abdominal adhesive masses, and 14 had neonatal enterocolitis manifestations. Twenty‐nine and 40 patients were in the surgical and non‐surgical groups, respectively. No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups regarding sex, age at onset, birth weight, admission weight, or hospitalization time. However, parenteral nutrition was prolonged in the surgical group (P = 0.001). Additionally, two patients (2.9%) died.InterpretationNA is a rare neonatal disease with atypical clinical manifestations. Abdominal ultrasonography may aid in the diagnosis. Similarly, appropriate treatment can improve the prognosis.
Investigating the viscoelastic and hysteresis behavior of nano silica/carbon black hybrid reinforced styrene‐butadiene rubber vulcanizates via surface silanization
Authors: Kalantari Masoumeh , Abdi Roxana , Katbab Ali Asghar 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWith the thought of green tires and the need of replacing carbon reinforcing fillers with noncarbon silica filler, the effectiveness of silane surface modification on dispersion state, dynamic viscoelastic, hysteresis, and abrasion resistance of SBR vulcanizates filled with a hybrid of carbon black (CB)/nano SiO2 is investigated. In situ surface modification of nano SiO2 is carried out using bis‐(γ‐triethoxysilylpropyl)‐tetrasulfide (TESPT), and various compounds with different ratios of CB/SiO2 are prepared via a melt mixing process in an internal bath mixer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and FT‐IR spectroscopy revealed improved dispersion of silica and CB clusters with enhanced molecular interactions using in situ surface modification with 5 phr of TESPT is performed. Evidence for enhanced molecular interactions included lower dynamic loss (tanδ) and less hysteresis measured via dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). Our results indicate that appropriate modification of silica allows partial replacement of carbon black with silica for production of eco‐friendly rubber products.
Transcriptome atlas of Striga germination: Implications for managing an intractable parasitic plant
Authors: Irafasha Gilles , Mutinda Sylvia , Mobegi Fredrick , Hale Brett , Omwenga George , Wijeratne Asela J. , Wicke Susann , Bellis Emily S. , Runo Steven 
Published: June 2023

Societal Impact StatementWitchweeds, parasitic plants of the genus Striga, are nicknamed “cereal killers” because of their devastating destruction of Africa's most staple cereals, including maize, sorghum, millets, and upland rice. The parasite relies on biomolecules emitted from the host roots to germinate and therefore initiate its infectious lifecycle. Some sorghum varieties have evolved to not produce effective germination stimulants, making them resistant to the parasite. Here, the genetic factors that underpin Striga germination were assessed, followed by a discussion of how such knowledge can be used to develop new Striga management strategies through the disruption of host–parasite communication exchange.Summary

Seeds of the parasitic plant Striga are dormant. They only germinate in response to biomolecules emitted from the host's root exudate, strigolactones (SL). But it is now emerging that Striga germination is a much more complex process regulated by crosstalk of hormone signaling pathways.
To further understand the genetic basis of the communication exchange between Striga and its host sorghum, we performed a comparative transcriptomic analysis. We sought to identify major transcriptomic changes that define the germination process in Striga and a set of genes that may contribute to the differences in germination rates.
Results showed that germination proceeds immediately after SL perception and is marked by a wave of transcriptional reprogramming to allow for metabolic processes of energy mobilization. Cluster analysis using self‐organizing maps revealed a time‐phased and genotype‐differentiated response to germination stimulation. The variation in germination was also a function of hormonal crosstalk. The early germination stage was associated with significant repression of genes in the abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis pathway. Other hormones influenced germination as follows: (i) ABA and auxin repressed germination; (ii) brassinosteroid, ethylene, and jasmonic acid promoted germination; and (iii) cytokinin had a more prominent role post‐germination rather than during germination. Perception of SL sets the germination program leading to different rates of germination in sorghum, followed by a complex hormonal regulation network that acts to either repress or enhance germination.
We discuss the implications of these findings and present new plausible Striga management strategies.