bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Integrated fecal microbiota and metabolomics analysis of the orlistat intervention effect on polycystic ovary syndrome rats induced by letrozole combined with a high-fat diet
Authors: Yang Jianmei , Wang Enli , Jiang Mingmin , Tan Yujun , Yao Fangfang , Sun Chenghong , Pan Lihong , Gao Ling , Yao Jingchun 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
This study aimed to compare the characteristics of the gut microbiota and their metabolite profiles between polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and orlistat-treated PCOS rats (ORL-PCOS), which could help to better understand the underlying mechanism of the effect of orlistat on PCOS.

Methods
PCOS rat models were established using letrozole combined with a high-fat diet. Ten rats were randomly selected as a PCOS control group (PCOS). The other three groups (n = 10/group) were additionally supplemented with different doses of orlistat (low, medium, high). Then, fecal samples of the PCOS and ORL-PCOS groups were analysed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. Blood samples were collected to detect serum sex hormones and lipids.

Results
The results showed that orlistat attenuated the body weight gain, decreased the levels of T, LH, the LH/FSH ratio, TC, TG and LDL-C; increased the level of E2; and improved estrous cycle disorder in PCOS rats. The bacterial richness and diversity of the gut microbiota in the ORL-PCOS group were higher than those in the PCOS group. The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes was decreased with orlistat treatment. Moreover, orlistat treatment led to a significant decrease in the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae and Lactobacillaceae, and increases in the abundances of Muribaculaceae and Bacteroidaceae. Metabolic analysis identified 216 differential fecal metabolites in total and 6 enriched KEGG pathways between the two groups, including steroid hormone biosynthesis, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and vitamin digestion and absorption. Steroid hormone biosynthesis was the pathway with the most significant enrichment. The correlations between the gut microbiota and differential metabolites were calculated, which may provide a basis for understanding the composition and function of microbial communities.

Conclusions
Our data suggested that orlistat exerts a PCOS treatment effect, which may be mediated by modifying the structure and composition of the gut microbiota, as well as the metabolite profiles of PCOS rats.
Tumor metabolism rewiring in epithelial ovarian cancer
Authors: Wang Ming , Zhang Jingjing , Wu Yumei 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe mortality rate of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains the first in malignant tumors of the female reproductive system. The characteristics of rapid proliferation, extensive implanted metastasis, and treatment resistance of cancer cells require an extensive metabolism rewiring during the progression of cancer development. EOC cells satisfy their rapid proliferation through the rewiring of perception, uptake, utilization, and regulation of glucose, lipids, and amino acids. Further, complete implanted metastasis by acquiring a superior advantage in microenvironment nutrients competing. Lastly, success evolves under the treatment stress of chemotherapy and targets therapy. Understanding the above metabolic characteristics of EOCs helps to find new methods of its treatment.
Early acute cerebellar ataxia after meningococcal B vaccine: a case report of a 7-month-old infant and a review of the literature
Authors: Monzani Nicola Adriano , Corsello Antonio , Tagliabue Claudia , Pinzani Raffaella , Mauri Eleonora , Agostoni Carlo , Milani Gregorio Paolo , Dilena Robertino 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Acute cerebellar ataxia (ACA) and acute cerebellitis represent disorders characterized by a para-infectious, post-infectious, or post-vaccination cerebellar inflammation. They are relatively common neurologic disorders among children, and may follow infections, or, more rarely, vaccinations. Few cases are instead described among infants. Although the immunization with meningococcal group B (MenB) vaccine has been associated with some neurological side effects, suspected ACA has been reported only once in the literature. Case presentation: we describe a 7-month-old female that presented ACA within 24 h from the MenB second dose vaccination. Extensive laboratory studies and magnetic resonance imaging excluded other causes. We then conducted an extended review of other vaccine related cases reported in the literature, focusing on the clinical characteristics of ACA and finding that ataxia and cerebellitis of para- or post-infectious cause are very rarely described in the first year of life. We collected 20 articles published in the last 30 years, including an amount of 1663 patients (1–24 years) with ACA. Conclusions: a very small number of suspected post-vaccinal ataxias has been described in recent years, compared to other causes, and vaccination remains an unquestionable medical need. Further research is needed to clarify the complex pathogenesis of this disorder and its eventual link with vaccinations.
Minocycline for sporadic and hereditary cerebral amyloid angiopathy (BATMAN): study protocol for a placebo-controlled randomized double-blind trial
Authors: Voigt S. , Koemans E. A. , Rasing I. , van Etten E. S. , Terwindt G. M. , Baas F. , Kaushik K. , van Es A. C. G. M. , van Buchem M. A. , van Osch M. J. P. , van Walderveen M. A. A. , Klijn C. J. M. , Verbeek M. M. , van der Weerd L. , Wermer M. J. H. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a disease caused by the accumulation of the amyloid-beta protein and is a major cause of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) and vascular dementia in the elderly. The presence of the amyloid-beta protein in the vessel wall may induce a chronic state of cerebral inflammation by activating astrocytes, microglia, and pro-inflammatory substances. Minocycline, an antibiotic of the tetracycline family, is known to modulate inflammation, gelatinase activity, and angiogenesis. These processes are suggested to be key mechanisms in CAA pathology. Our aim is to show the target engagement of minocycline and investigate in a double-blind placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial whether treatment with minocycline for 3 months can decrease markers of neuroinflammation and of the gelatinase pathway in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in CAA patients.

Methods
The BATMAN study population consists of 60 persons: 30 persons with hereditary Dutch type CAA (D-CAA) and 30 persons with sporadic CAA. They will be randomized for either placebo or minocycline (15 sporadic CAA/15 D-CAA minocycline, 15 sporadic CAA/15 D-CAA placebo). At t = 0 and t = 3 months, we will collect CSF and blood samples, perform a 7-T MRI, and collect demographic characteristics.

Discussion
The results of this proof-of-principle study will be used to assess the potential of target engagement of minocycline for CAA. Therefore, our primary outcome measures are markers of neuroinflammation (IL-6, MCP-1, and IBA-1) and of the gelatinase pathway (MMP2/9 and VEGF) in CSF. Secondly, we will look at the progression of hemorrhagic markers on 7-T MRI before and after treatment and investigate serum biomarkers.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05680389. Registered on January 11, 2023
Effects of adjuvant application of corticosteroid and ozone after ultrasound-guided puncture and lavage for the treatment of rotator cuff calcific tendinitis: study protocol for a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial
Authors: Dong Jing , Zhang Lan , Jia Haibin , Zhu Yuanjiang , Xiang Rui , Li Peiyu 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background

Steroid injection after percutaneous irrigation of calcific deposits is a common method for the treatment of rotator cuff calcific tendinitis (RCCT). However, steroids may prevent calcification resorption and cause potentially irreversible damage to tendons. Recent studies have confirmed the positive effects of ozone injection in shoulder tendinopathies, but no RCCTs have been reported. Thus, our study aims to evaluate the non-inferiority of ozone versus steroid injection.

Methods
This is a prospective, randomized, parallel control and non-inferiority trial. A total of 100 patients with unilateral symptomatic RCCT will be enrolled and randomized in a 1:1 ratio to two groups: ultrasound-guided injection with ozone or corticosteroid. The primary outcome is the numeric rating scale for pain (NRS) at 1 week and 3 months following the procedure. Secondary outcomes include a multi-dimensional evaluation of shoulder disability and quality of life improvement, the degree of calcification absorption after treatment, and the number of multiple treatments.

Discussion
The results of this study will provide short-term and long-term evidence for the effectiveness of ozone treatment in RCCT in relieving pain or improving shoulder function.

Trial registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2200063469. Registered on 7 September 2022.
Exponentially fitted numerical method for solving singularly perturbed delay reaction-diffusion problem with nonlocal boundary condition
Authors: Wondimu Getu M. , Woldaregay Mesfin M. , Duressa Gemechis F. , Dinka Tekle G. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractObjectivesIn this article, a singularly perturbed delay reaction-diffusion problem with nonlocal boundary conditions is considered. The exponential fitting factor is introduced to treat the solutions inside the boundary layer which occur due to perturbation parameter. The considered problem has interior layer at$$s = 1$$s=1and strong boundary layers at$$s = 0$$s=0and$$s= 2$$s=2. We proposed an exponentially fitted finite difference method to solve the considered problem. The nonlocal boundary condition is treated using Composite Simpson’s$$\frac{1}{3}$$13rule.ResultThe stability and uniform convergence analysis of the proposed approach are established. The error estimation of the developed method is shown to be second-order uniform convergent. Two test examples were carried out to validate the applicability of the developed numerical method. The numerical results reflect the theoretical estimations.
State-level data on TANF policy changes during the COVID-19 pandemic
Authors: Dore Emily C. , Shafer Paul R. , Livingston Melvin D. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Objective
COVID-19 mitigation measures prompted many states to revise the administration of their welfare programs. States adopted policies that varied across the U.S. to respond to the difficulties in fulfilling program requirements, as well as increased financial need. This dataset captures the changes made to Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) programs during the COVID-19 pandemic, from March 2020 through December 2020. The authors created this dataset as part of a larger study that examined the health effects of TANF policy changes during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Data description
TANF is the main cash assistance program for low-income families in the U.S., but benefits are often conditional on work requirements and can be revoked if an individual is deemed noncompliant. Structural factors during the COVID-19 pandemic made meeting these criteria more difficult, so some states relaxed their rules and increased their benefits. This dataset captures 24 types of policies that state TANF programs enacted, which of the states enacted each of them, when the policies went into effect, and when applicable, when the policies ended. These data can be used to study the effects of TANF policy changes on various health and programmatic outcomes.
Germline variants of uncertain significance, their frequency, and clinico-pathological features in a cohort of Sri Lankan patients with hereditary breast cancer
Authors: Gunawardena Kawmadi , Sirisena Nirmala D. , Anandagoda Gayani , Neththikumara Nilaksha , Dissanayake Vajira H.W. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS)-based testing in cancer patients has led to increased detection of variants of uncertain significance (VUS). VUS are genetic variants whose impact on protein function is unknown. VUS pose a challenge to clinicians and patients due to uncertainty regarding their cancer predisposition risk. Paucity of data exists on the pattern of VUS in under-represented populations. This study describes the frequency of germline VUS and clinico-pathological features in Sri Lankan hereditary breast cancer patients.

Methods
Data of 72 hereditary breast cancer patients who underwent NGS-based testing between January 2015 and December 2021 were maintained prospectively in a database and analyzed retrospectively. Data were subjected to bioinformatics analysis and variants were classified according to international guidelines.

Results
Germline variants were detected in 33/72(45.8%) patients, comprising 16(48.5%) pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants and 17(51.5%) VUS. Distribution of VUS in breast cancer predisposing genes were :APC:1(5.8%), ATM:2(11.7%), BRCA1:1(5.8%), BRCA2:5(29.4%), BRIP1:1(5.8%), CDKN2A:1(5.8%), CHEK2:2(11.7%), FANC1:1(5.8%), MET:1(5.8%), STK11:1(5.8%), NF2:1(5.8%). Mean age at cancer diagnosis in patients with VUS was 51.2 years. Most common tumour histopathology was ductal carcinoma 11(78.6%). 50% of tumours in patients having VUS in BRCA1/2 genes were hormone receptor negative. 73.3% patients had family history of breast cancer.

Conclusions
A significant portion of patients had a germline VUS. Highest frequency was in BRCA2 gene. Majority had family history of breast cancer. This highlights the need to undertake functional genomic studies to determine the biological effects of VUS and identify potentially clinically actionable variants that would be useful for decision-making and patient management.
Targeted imaging of very late antigen-4 for noninvasive assessment of lung inflammation-fibrosis axis
Authors: Zhu Qin , Barnes Clayton E. , Mannes Philip Z. , Latoche Joseph D. , Day Kathryn E. , Nedrow Jessie R. , Novelli Enrico M. , Anderson Carolyn J. , Tavakoli Sina 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Background
The lack of noninvasive methods for assessment of dysregulated inflammation as a major driver of fibrosis (i.e., inflammation-fibrosis axis) has been a major challenge to precision management of fibrotic lung diseases. Here, we determined the potential of very late antigen-4 (VLA-4)-targeted positron emission tomography (PET) to detect inflammation in a mouse model of bleomycin-induced fibrotic lung injury.

Method
Single time-point and longitudinal VLA-4-targeted PET was performed using a high-affinity peptidomimetic radiotracer, 64Cu-LLP2A, at weeks 1, 2, and 4 after bleomycin-induced (2.5 units/kg) lung injury in C57BL/6J mice. The severity of fibrosis was determined by measuring the hydroxyproline content of the lungs and expression of markers of extracellular matrix remodeling. Flow cytometry and histology was performed to determine VLA-4 expression across different leukocyte subsets and their spatial distribution.

Results
Lung uptake of 64Cu-LLP2A was significantly elevated throughout different stages of the progression of bleomycin-induced injury. High lung uptake of 64Cu-LLP2A at week-1 post-bleomycin was a predictor of poor survival over the 4-week follow up, supporting the prognostic potential of 64Cu-LLP2A PET during the early stage of the disease. Additionally, the progressive increase in 64Cu-LLP2A uptake from week-1 to week-4 post-bleomycin correlated with the ultimate extent of lung fibrosis and ECM remodeling. Flow cytometry revealed that LLP2A binding was restricted to leukocytes. A combination of increased expression of VLA-4 by alveolar macrophages and accumulation of VLA-4-expressing interstitial and monocyte-derived macrophages as well as dendritic cells was noted in bleomycin-injured, compared to control, lungs. Histology confirmed the increased expression of VLA-4 in bleomycin-injured lungs, particularly in inflamed and fibrotic regions.

Conclusions
VLA-4-targeted PET allows for assessment of the inflammation-fibrosis axis and prediction of disease progression in a murine model. The potential of 64Cu-LLP2A PET for assessment of the inflammation-fibrosis axis in human fibrotic lung diseases needs to be further investigated.
NDV-induced autophagy enhances inflammation through NLRP3/Caspase-1 inflammasomes and the p38/MAPK pathway
Authors: Cai Juncheng , Wang Siyuan , Du Haoyun , Fan Lei , Yuan WeiFeng , Xu Qiufan , Ren Jinlian , Lin Qiuyan , Xiang Bin , Ding Chan , Ren Tao , Chen Libin 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNewcastle disease (ND), caused by the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), is a highly virulent infectious disease of poultry. Virulent NDV can cause severe autophagy and inflammation in host cells. While studies have shown a mutual regulatory relationship between autophagy and inflammation, this relationship in NDV infection remains unclear. This study confirmed that NDV infection could trigger autophagy in DF-1 cells to promote cytopathic and viral replication. NDV-induced autophagy was positively correlated with the mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-8, IL-18, CCL-5, and TNF-α, suggesting that NDV-induced autophagy promotes the expression of inflammatory cytokines. Further investigation demonstrated that NLRP3 protein expression, Caspase-1 activity, and p38 phosphorylation level positively correlated with autophagy, suggesting that NDV-induced autophagy could promote the expression of inflammatory cytokines through NLRP3/Caspase-1 inflammasomes and p38/MAPK pathway. In addition, NDV infection also triggered mitochondrial damage and mitophagy in DF-1 cells, but did not result in a large leakage of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), indicating that mitochondrial damage and mitophagy do not contribute to the inflammation response during NDV infection.
Composition and structure of Mediterranean shrublands for fuel characterization
Authors: Casals Pere , Gabriel Eva , De Cáceres Miquel , Ríos Ana I. , Castro Xavier 
Published: June 2023

Key messageWe present a relational database containing compositional and structural characteristics of 575 permanent 100 m2 shrubland plots distributed in the NE of Iberian peninsula. The datasets provide valuable information about shrubland fuels to improve fire danger prediction, study vegetation dynamics in relation to drought and fire or test aerial-based methodologies with ground-based information. Dataset access is at : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7685487 and associated metadata are available at https://metadata-afs.nancy.inra.fr/geonetwork/srv/fre/catalog.search#/metadata/f55fcde4-113e-40f9-9a35-a2e65b0ee951.
Ensemble of deep learning language models to support the creation of living systematic reviews for the COVID-19 literature
Authors: Knafou Julien , Haas Quentin , Borissov Nikolay , Counotte Michel , Low Nicola , Imeri Hira , Ipekci Aziz Mert , Buitrago-Garcia Diana , Heron Leonie , Amini Poorya , Teodoro Douglas 
Published: June 2023

Abstract

Background
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an unprecedented amount of scientific publications, growing at a pace never seen before. Multiple living systematic reviews have been developed to assist professionals with up-to-date and trustworthy health information, but it is increasingly challenging for systematic reviewers to keep up with the evidence in electronic databases. We aimed to investigate deep learning-based machine learning algorithms to classify COVID-19-related publications to help scale up the epidemiological curation process.

Methods
In this retrospective study, five different pre-trained deep learning-based language models were fine-tuned on a dataset of 6365 publications manually classified into two classes, three subclasses, and 22 sub-subclasses relevant for epidemiological triage purposes. In a k-fold cross-validation setting, each standalone model was assessed on a classification task and compared against an ensemble, which takes the standalone model predictions as input and uses different strategies to infer the optimal article class. A ranking task was also considered, in which the model outputs a ranked list of sub-subclasses associated with the article.

Results
The ensemble model significantly outperformed the standalone classifiers, achieving a F1-score of 89.2 at the class level of the classification task. The difference between the standalone and ensemble models increases at the sub-subclass level, where the ensemble reaches a micro F1-score of 70% against 67% for the best-performing standalone model. For the ranking task, the ensemble obtained the highest recall@3, with a performance of 89%. Using an unanimity voting rule, the ensemble can provide predictions with higher confidence on a subset of the data, achieving detection of original papers with a F1-score up to 97% on a subset of 80% of the collection instead of 93% on the whole dataset.

Conclusion
This study shows the potential of using deep learning language models to perform triage of COVID-19 references efficiently and support epidemiological curation and review. The ensemble consistently and significantly outperforms any standalone model. Fine-tuning the voting strategy thresholds is an interesting alternative to annotate a subset with higher predictive confidence.
Leveraging the perioperative period to improve population health
Authors: Howard Ryan , Englesbe Michael 
Published: June 2023

AbstractAlthough surgical care has become safer, cheaper, and more efficient, it has only a modest impact on the overall health of society, which is driven primarily by health behaviors such as smoking, alcohol use, poor diet, and physical inactivity. Given the ubiquity of surgical care in the population, it represents a critical opportunity to screen for and address the health behaviors that drive premature mortality at a population level. Patients are especially receptive to behavior change around the time of surgery, and many health systems already have programs in place to address these issues. In this commentary, we present the case for integrating health behavior screening and intervention into the perioperative pathway as a novel and impactful way to improve the health of society.