bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Template‐Free Synthesis of Mesoporous Iron‐Nickel‐Cobalt Oxide Microspheres via Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Across Temperature Gradients for Enhanced Visible Light Photocatalytic Activity
Authors: Seyedalangi S. M. , Oveisi H. 
Published: January 2025

AbstractThis study explores the synthesis of template‐free mesoporous FeNiCo oxide microspheres through a direct and efficient ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) technique. USP method includes precise control over particle size, the formation of mesoporous structures, multimetallic compositions, and high synthesis speed, all of which can contribute to enhanced photocatalytic activity. The analysis of the resulting microspheres involved a thorough exploration of their phase structure, texture, morphology, and photocatalytic properties. This investigation employed various analytical techniques, including X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and nitrogen adsorption−desorption. The microspheres displayed a well‐crystallized cubic crystal structure, as evidenced by the X‐ray diffraction pattern, with a corresponding crystallite size ranging from 6.0 to 7.4 nm. The FESEM images revealed the synthesis of uniform‐sized particles with spherical shapes. N2 adsorption and desorption highlighted the mesoporous structure of FeNiCo oxide microspheres, indicating diverse surface areas and pore distributions, influencing catalytic performance and dye adsorption. The capability of the synthesized photocatalysts to degrade methylene blue was examined under both UV and visible light irradiation. The FeNiCo oxide microspheres exhibited a band gap of 2.34 eV. Photocatalytic evaluation revealed that the FeNiCo oxide nanoparticles achieved a 65% degradation of methylene blue within 110 min.
Urea‐Functionalized Degradable Material as an Efficient Adsorbent for Amphiphilic Dyes: Rhodamine B and Methylene Blue
Authors: Kumar Rajan , Kashyap Angarag , Kumar Pawan , Choudhury Diganta , Shunmugam Raja 
Published: January 2025

AbstractHere we report urea‐functionalized material P‐UR1 invoked to analyze the dye adsorption property in aqueous medium. The unsaturated UR1 and the material P‐UR1 have been well characterized using different spectroscopic and analytical techniques. The hydrothiolated material exhibited viscoelasticity. The BET N2 sorption isotherm revealed P‐UR1 to exhibit porosity with a pore diameter of 15 nm and a surface area of 8.05 cm2/g. The kinetic adsorption studies reflect that the adsorption process follows pseudo‐second‐order model. Also, the adsorption isotherm analysis showed that the adsorption follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The material showed good response to recyclability for dye rhodamine B (RH B) in ethanol. The experimental observation was well supported by DFT calculation, where RH B + UR1x and MB + UR1x, x = 1, 2, complexes were examined. The interaction by the complexes RH B + UR12 and MB + UR12, both in air and solvent phase, indicates efficient interaction. The stabilization energy supports the efficient adsorption of the dyes rhodamine B (RH B) and methylene blue (MB) onto the material. Such urea‐derived functional material opens scope for textile industries.
DMSO‐Assisted Control Enables Highly Efficient 2D/3D Hybrid Perovskite Solar Cells
Authors: Shan Shiqi , Zhou Yu , Xu Chang , You Guofeng , Chen Hongkai , Fu Weifei , Zuo Lijian , Chen Hongzheng 
Published: January 2025

AbstractBuilding 2D/3D heterojunction is a promising approach to passivate surface defects and improve the stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Developing effective methods to build high‐quality 2D/3D heterojunction is in demand. The formation of 2D/3D heterojunction involves both the diffusion of 2D spacer molecules and phase transition from 3D to 2D structure. Herein, a DMSO‐assisted method is demonstrated to simultaneously regulate both the 2D/3D formation kinetics, yielding high‐quality 2D top layer with continuous coverage, which enhances the photovoltaic performance of PSCs. It is found that the presence of DMSO significantly facilitates the diffusion of 2D spacer cation. Meanwhile the residual DMSO may partially dissolve the surface perovskite, facilitating the reaction between 2D molecules with 3D perovskite and ultimately leading to sequential secondary crystal growth and the appearance of a distinct 2D layer. The formation of high‐quality 2D layer effectively passivates the surface defects thus suppresses the interfacial charge recombination. As a result, the champion PSC based on optimal 2D/3D heterojunction exhibits a high fill factor of 85% and a power conversion efficiency of 24%. The work offers a novel perspective for the construction of 2D/3D perovskite heterojunctions.
Within‐family genomic selection in strawberry: Optimization of marker density, trial design, and training set composition
Authors: Sleper Joshua , Tapia Ronald , Lee Seonghee , Whitaker Vance 
Published: January 2025

AbstractGenomic selection is a widely used quantitative method of determining the genetic value of an individual from genomic information and phenotypic data. In this study, we used a large, multi‐year training population of 3248 individuals from the University of Florida strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne) breeding program. We coupled this training population with a test population of 1460 individuals derived from 20 biparental families. Using these two populations, we tested different genomic selection methods of predicting each family separately for the purpose of within‐family selection of seedlings for multiple yield‐related traits in strawberry. The methodology we considered were comprised of 11 different marker densities, 10 different training set sizes, four different training set composition techniques, and one to five clonal replications for each individual in the training population. We demonstrated that prediction accuracy varied among the 20 biparental families from 0.05 to 0.63 for the three traits investigated. We also showed that a medium‐density genotyping strategy (1500–1650 single nucleotide polymorphisms) could be 95%–97% as effective as a high‐density genotyping platform and that imputation to the more dense platform always improved accuracy. Training set composition techniques had no discernible effect on prediction accuracy. However, increasing training set size improved prediction accuracy, and accuracy did not plateau even when training sets exceeded 3000 individuals. Finally, we showed that the number of clonal replicates in field trials could be reduced by 80% without any negative effects on genomic selection accuracy.
The Relationship of Th1/Th2 Cytokine Polarization at Parturition in Cows and SOCS3 Level With Some Postpartum Diseases
Authors: Yilmaz Koc Oznur , Risvanli Ali 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTTh1/Th2 polarisation and suppressor of cytokine signalling‐3 (SOCS3) are important indicators of the humoral and cellular immune system activity in cows. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation of postpartum diseases with the levels of Th1/Th2 polarisation and SOCS3 at the time of parturition. The study examined 180 cows (90 with normal parturition [NP] and 90 with dystocia [D]). Blood samples were taken from the cows once at the time of calving. Two subgroups were created among cows with NP: those without the postpartum disease (NP [−], n = 45) and those with postpartum disease (NP [+], n = 45). Likewise, two subgroups were created among D cows: those without postpartum disease (D [−], n = 45) and those with postpartum disease (D [+], n = 45). Cytokine analyses were performed using species‐specific commercial ELISA kits. In the NP (−) group, it was found that Th1/Th2 cytokine polarisation was in the Th1 direction due to the increase in the concentration of IFN‐γ, TNF‐α and IL‐2 in four subgroups grouping with different types of parturition and diseases. It was concluded that it would be appropriate to strengthen cellular immunity. In cases of postpartum diseases, Th1/Th2 polarisation shifted towards Th2 due to the increase in IL‐4 and IL‐5 concentrations in cows that performed NP and developed mastitis in the postpartum period. These results suggest that it would be beneficial to support the Th2 aspect (i.e. humoral immunity) in cows that have undergone NP and develop mastitis in the postpartum period.
Molecular Detection and Phylogenetic Analysis of Orf Virus From Dermatological Lesions in the Teats of Goats
Authors: Yıldırım Yakup , Bilge Dağalp Seval , Bozkurt Gökhan , Doğan Fırat , Küçük Ali 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe orf virus (ORFV) is a viral pathogen that primarily causes contagious ecthyma in humans and different ruminants. The infection, which is common worldwide, causes large‐scale economic losses to animal breeders.Objective and MethodsIn this study, tissue samples collected from eight randomly selected goats with dermatological lesions on the teats were examined in different goat herds. B2L gene‐specific primer pairs (PP1, PP3 and PP4) were used to reveal the presence of ORFV by molecular methods and for phylogenetic analysis.ResultsViral DNA was detected in four of eight tissues using the semi‐nested PCR method. In addition, the data obtained by performing sequence analyses of the amplicons with positive results were compared with the information of different ORFV isolates registered in the GenBank database. Based on the sequence analysis of the field isolates obtained in our study, it was found that the nucleotide similarities among these isolates and those from Asian countries were 100%. Furthermore, ORFV isolates collected from different species and produced in Türkiye over various periods exhibited homologous nucleotide sequences with similarities ranging from 98.1% to 98.8%. In the phylogenetic tree drawn based on the B2L genomic region, it was observed that our field isolates were classified in Group I together with other Turkish and Asian strains.ConclusionAs a result, while other pathogenic agents are considered the cause of disease in goats with dermatological lesions on their mammary tissue, the ORFV should also be evaluated, and protection and control programs should be prepared accordingly.
Comparative Study of Duodenal Histology in Three Lamb Breeds Fed Two Different Rations
Authors: Delice Nurcan , Ertugrul Tugrul , Tutuncu Serife , Ugurlu Mustafa , Uysal Akif 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundRation composition may significantly impact the nutrient absorption, duodenal parameters, intestinal health and feed efficiency of animals.ObjectivesThe objective of this study was to analyse the impact of concentrate‐ and forage‐based diets on essential morphological parameters of the duodenum, including villus height, villus width, crypt depth and goblet cell density, in three different lamb breeds.MethodsForty‐five lambs, aged between 2.5 and 3 months and with an average weight of around 20 kg, were selected. The lambs were fattened on two different diets consisting of pelleted concentrate and alfalfa hay in predetermined ratios: 70% concentrate + 30% forage and 70% forage + 30% concentrate. When the lambs reached 40 kg, they were slaughtered, and duodenum tissue samples were collected for analysis.ResultsHistological characteristics were assessed by evaluating duodenal tissues from lambs of three breeds—Akkaraman, Karayaka and Herik—across the two dietary groups within each breed, and the essential parameters of the villus were measured. Akkaraman lambs exhibited lower goblet cell count and villus height (VH) as compared to Karayaka and Herik lambs. Goblet cell count and VH were higher in concentrate‐fed lambs, except for Karayaka lambs. However, goblet cell density was similar across Akkaraman, Karayaka and Herik lambs. Herik lambs had higher VH, villus width (VW) and villus surface area as compared to Akkaraman and Karayaka. Villus parameters were generally lower in concentrate‐fed lambs, except for Herik lambs.ConclusionOverall, the study suggests that altering the roughage‐concentrate ratio did not significantly affect duodenal mucosa parameters. However, differences were observed across genotypes, particularly in Herik lambs, indicating potential associations between duodenal parameters and genotype.
Effects of Elizabethan Collar and Wound Protection Corset on Pain and Discomfort Levels in Cats Undergoing Ovariohysterectomy
Authors: Isil Ayhan , Yanmaz Latif Emrah 
Published: January 2025

AbstractObjectiveTo compare the impacts of Elizabethan collar (EC) and wound protection corset (WPC) on pain and discomfort levels in cats following ovariohysterectomy.Study DesignProspective, randomized controlled clinical trial.AnimalsTwenty‐six healthy female cats.MethodsAnimals were randomly assigned to two groups after midline celiotomy: One group wore an EC (n = 13), and the other wore a WPC (n = 13). Pain was evaluated using the Composite Measure Pain Scale‐Feline (CMPS‐F) and the Multidimensional Pain Scale (MCPS) at intervals of 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, with the requirement for rescue analgesia recorded. Discomfort was assessed through cortisol levels, behavioural observations and the frequency of misbehaviours.ResultsNo significant differences were observed between groups at all time intervals for CMPS‐F and MCPS (p < 0.05). Rescue analgesic administration was similar between the groups, with 16 administrations in the WPC group and 17 in the EC group (p = 0.88). Cortisol levels also showed no significant difference between groups (WPC: 0.05 [0.05–0.3] vs. EC: 0.05 [0.05–0.8]; p = 0.09). Behavioural observations revealed significant differences in misbehaviours, with 10 out of 13 cats in the EC group attempting to remove their collars or exhibiting head shaking (p < 0.01), whereas no misbehaviours were noted in the WPC group.ConclusionBoth EC and WPC provided comparable pain management; however, the significant misbehaviours associated with EC use suggest increased discomfort level.Clinical SignificanceThe WPC may offer a more comfortable recovery experience for cats following ovariohysterectomy, warranting further investigation.
Global Prevalence of Neospora caninum in Domestic Pigs (Sus domesticus) and Wild Boars (Sus scrofa): A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis
Authors: Karamati Seyed Ahmad , Effatpanah Hosein , Khodayari Mohammad Taghi , Shiee Mohammad Reza , Davari Afshin , Faraji Reza , Angazbany Fereshteh , Bozorgomid Arezoo 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTBackgroundNeospora caninum (Apicomplexa, Sarcocystidae) is a protozoan parasite regarded as a major cause of reproductive failure in cattle. Swine are susceptible to N. caninum infection; however, the role of these animals in the circulation, maintenance, and transmission of N. caninum remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the global seroprevalence of N. caninum in domestic pigs (Sus domesticus) and wild boars (Sus scrofa).MethodsOnline databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar were systematically searched to identify relevant studies up to 30 April 2024. A random‐effects meta‐analysis model was used to estimate the overall and subgroup‐pooled prevalence of N. caninum across studies. The Cochrane test (Q) and the I2 index were employed to heterogeneity. Funnel plots and Egger's regression test were used to evaluate publication bias, year of publication, and sample size.ResultsA total of 11,124 animals from 26 eligible studies were included. The pooled seroprevalence of N. caninum in swine was 17% (95% CI: 7%–26%) with a prevalence of 17% in domestic pigs and 16% in wild boars. In the subgroup analysis, the highest prevalence was observed among female animals, with a pooled seroprevalence of 17% (95% CI: 7%–26%). The pooled seroprevalence of N. caninum was nearly equal in adult and sub‐adult swine (18% and 14%, respectively). The overall seroprevalence of N. caninum in swine, based on sample size and year of publication, showed no statistically significant correlations.ConclusionThe present study showed that domestic swine are suitable intermediate hosts of N. caninum based on serological findings. However, further studies are needed to describe the epidemiology of the N. caninum and to isolate the parasite from swine to confirm this hypothesis.
Spontaneous Cloacal Prolapse in a Farm Ostrich (Struthio camelus): Case Management and Literature Review
Authors: Munif Mohammad Raguib 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTCaptive ratites, including the ostrich (Struthio camelus), are susceptible to various gastrointestinal conditions. However, spontaneous cloacal prolapse is a relatively less frequent diagnosis. This report details the clinical management of cloacal prolapse in an ostrich, including a brief literature review. A 10‐week‐old female ostrich reared in a semi‐intensive farming system was presented with a reddish protruded mass through the vent opening, along with a history of lethargy, poor appetite, and lack of droppings. Clinical examinations demonstrated a complete cloacal prolapse without any devitalization or necrosis of the involved tissues. Laboratory examinations revealed no parasitic or bacterial enteritis. Hematobiochemical analysis indicated low serum calcium. The case was surgically treated, which involved repositioning the prolapsed cloaca to its anatomical location and subsequent vent narrowing with a purse‐string suture while ensuring adequate space for the passage of droppings. Postoperatively, supportive medications and formulated feed with vitamin–mineral supplements, including calcium, were provided. The ostrich experienced an uneventful recovery. The purse‐string suture encompassing the vent was removed on the eighth postoperative day. No complications were reported 9 weeks after surgery. In brief, mineral deficiencies, particularly reduced serum calcium levels, may be associated with cloacal prolapse in young ostriches. Prompt surgical intervention and a balanced nutritional regimen with calcium supplements can effectively facilitate recovery.
Iron‐Based Nanomaterials for Modulating Tumor Microenvironment
Authors: Wang Le , Zhang Xiaoting , He Lulu , Wei Yuanyuan , Zhang Yujie , Wu Aiguo , Li Juan 
Published: January 2025

ABSTRACTIron‐based nanomaterials (IBNMs) have been widely applied in biomedicine applications including magnetic resonance imaging, targeted drug delivery, tumor therapy, and so forth, due to their unique magnetism, excellent biocompatibility, and diverse modalities. Further research on its enormous biomedical potential is still ongoing, and its new features are constantly being tapped and demonstrated. Among them, various types of IBNMs have demonstrated significant cancer therapy capabilities by regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this review, a variety of IBNMs including iron oxide‐based nanomaterials (IONMs), iron‐based complex conjugates (ICCs), and iron‐based single iron atom nanomaterials (ISANMs) will be introduced, and their advantages in regulating TME would also be emphasized. Besides, the recent progress of IBNMs for cancer diagnosis and treatment through the strategy of modulating TME will be summarized, including overcoming hypoxia, modulating acidity, decreasing redox species, and immunoregulation. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in this field are briefly discussed. This review is expected to contribute to the future design and development of next‐generation TME‐modulate IBNMs for cancer treatment.
Towards Continuous Certification of Software Systems for Aerospace
Authors: Ribeiro J. Eduardo Ferreira 
Published: January 2025

AbstractSafety-critical systems are subject to strict regulation by domain-specific standards and documents. One such example is the DO-178C standard for aerospace, which provides guidance to organizations to ensure system safety and produce the necessary evidence for certification. In these regulated environments, most organizations rely on traditional development processes, unlike the widespread adoption of Agile in the broader software industry. This PhD research is a collaboration between academia and industry, involving the Faculty of Engineering at the University of Porto (FEUP), the University of Coimbra (UC), and Critical Software SA (CSW), as part of the Doctoral Program in Informatics Engineering at FEUP. The study focuses on integrating Agile methods and practices into safety-critical software development for aerospace applications, specifically adhering to the DO-178C standard. The goal is to define a new process that enhances safety-critical software development, moving towards continuous certification of software systems for aerospace. The research aims to establish a quasi-continuous certification process by evaluating new guidelines, practices, and tools, thereby ensuring high-quality and traceable software releases. Preliminary results are promising, as the initial case study involving a real industry project demonstrated positive outcomes using our innovative process. The findings are anticipated to advance the adoption of Agile methods and practices in safety-critical domains.
Autonomous Agents in Software Development: A Vision Paper
Authors: Rasheed Zeeshan , Waseem Muhammad , Sami Malik Abdul , Kemell Kai-Kristian , Ahmad Aakash , Duc Anh Nguyen , Systä Kari , Abrahamsson Pekka 
Published: January 2025

AbstractLarge Language Models (LLM) are reshaping the field of Software Engineering (SE). They enable innovative methods for executing many SE tasks, including automation of entire process of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC). However, only a limited number of existing works have thoroughly explored the potential of LLM based AI agents to automate the entire lifecycle in SE. In this paper, we demonstrate the success of our initial efforts in automating the entire lifecycle autonomously based on given software specification as input, which has shown remarkable efficiency and significantly reduced development time. Our preliminary results suggest that the careful implementation of AI agents can enhance the development lifecycle. We aim to streamline the SDLC by integrating all phases into an AI-driven chat interface, enhancing efficiency and transparency. Furthermore, we seek to enhance collaboration, creating an environment where stakeholders from various backgrounds can contribute, review, and refine ideas and requirements in real-time. This forward-looking direction guarantees to redefine the paradigms of SE and also make software creation more inclusive, collaborative, and efficient.
Towards a Double-Edged Sword: Modelling the Impact in Agile Software Development
Authors: Neumann Michael , Diebold Philipp 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAgile methods are state of the art in software development. Companies worldwide apply agile to counter the dynamics of the markets. We know, that various factors like culture influence the successful application of agile methods in practice and that sucess varies from company to company. To counter these problems, we combine two causal models presented in literature: The Agile Practices Impact Model and the Model of Cultural Impact. In this paper, we want to better understand the two facets of factors in agile: Those influencing their application and those impacting the results when applying them. This papers core contribution is the Agile Influence and Impact Model, describing the factors influencing agile elements and the impact on specific characteristics in a systematic manner.
The Right Amount of Technical Debt in an Agile Context
Authors: Ciolkowski Marcus , Diebold Philipp , Janes Andrea , Lenarduzzi Valentina 
Published: January 2025

AbstractAgile and technical debt management should have a symbiotic relationship, as technical debt was conceived as a metaphor (or tool) to balance the benefits of taking shortcuts for early release and user feedback with the responsibility of ‘repairing’ the effects of these trade-offs. Agile processes provide the necessary flexibility to achieve this balance. However, in reality, feature greed often takes over, making it difficult for development teams to ensure that technical debt is repaid. This paper discusses experiences and best practices to address Technical Debt in an Agile context.