bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of national physical activity and sedentary behaviour policies in China
Authors: Chen Sitong , Hong Jintao , Milton Karen , Klepac Bojana , Ma Jiani , Pedisic Zeljko 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
The aims of this study were to advance knowledge on physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) policies in China and to highlight related gaps and opportunities in the Chinese policy landscape.

Methods
Literature and web-based searches were performed to identify national PA and SB policies in China. We assessed which of the 17 elements of the Health-Enhancing Physical Activity Policy Audit Tool (HEPA PAT, version 2) are included in each of the policy documents and whether and how they address the ‘cornerstones’ of PA and SB policy: PA and SB guidelines, targets, surveillance and monitoring, and public education programmes.

Results
We found 60 national PA and SB policies, of which 54 focused on PA only and 6 focused on both PA and SB. There was a rapid increase in the number of policies issued between 2002 and 2021. In totality, the policies include all 17 key elements for a successful national policy approach to PA promotion according to the HEPA PAT. The policies reflect engagement from a range of sectors and encompass PA targets, recommendations for PA and SB, mandates and recommendations for school-related PA, plans for public education on PA, and plans for surveillance and monitoring of PA and SB.

Conclusion
Our findings demonstrate that there has been increasing focus on PA and SB policies in China, which reflects efforts by policymakers to address the health burden of insufficient PA and excessive SB. More emphasis may be placed on SB in Chinese policy, particularly in terms of setting specific targets for population SB. Policymakers and other relevant public health stakeholders in China could also consider developing or adopting the 24-hour movement guidelines, in accordance with recent trends in several other countries. Collaboration and involvement of different sectors in the development and implementation of Chinese PA and SB policies should continue to be facilitated as part of a whole-of-system approach to health promotion.
A multi-country study of the associations between HIV vulnerability status, perception of COVID-19 related stigma and post-traumatic stress symptoms during the first wave of the pandemic
Authors: Folayan Morenike Oluwatoyin , Zuñiga Roberto Ariel Abeldaño , Virtanen Jorma I. , Ellakany Passent , Al-Tammemi Ala’a B. , Quadri Mir Faeq Ali , Jafer Mohammed , Ara Eshrat , Ayanore Martin Amogre , Gaffar Balgis , Aly Nourhan M. , Idigbe Ifeoma , Lusher Joanne , Ezechi Oliver C. , Nguyen Annie L , Tantawi Maha El 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
This study investigated the associations between COVID-19 related stigma and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS); and the associations between PTSS and COVID-19 related stigma, HIV status, COVID-19 status and key HIV population status.

Methods
This was a secondary analysis of data of 12,355 study participants generated through an online survey that recruited adults from 152 countries between July and December 2020. The dependent variables were COVID-19-related stigma and PTSS. The independent variables were HIV status (positive/negative), transaction sex (yes/no), use of psychoactive drugs (yes/no), and vulnerability status (transaction sex workers, people who use psychoactive drugs, living with HIV, and COVID-19 status). The confounding variables were age, sex at birth (male/female), level of education, sexual minority individuals (yes/no) and country income level. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine associations between the dependent and independent variables after adjusting for confounders.

Results
There were 835 (6.8%) participants who experienced COVID-19 related stigma during the pandemic and 3,824 (31.0%) participants reported PTSS. Respondents who were living with HIV (AOR: 1.979; 95%CI: 1.522–2.573), tested positive for COVID-19 (AOR: 3.369; 95%CI: 2.692–4.217), engaged in transactional sex (AOR: 1.428; 95%CI: 1.060–1.922) and used psychoactive drugs (AOR: 1.364; 95%CI: 1.053–1.767) had significantly higher odds of experiencing COVID-19 related stigma. Individuals with vulnerability status (AOR:4.610; 95%CI: 1.590-13.368) and who experienced COVID-19 related stigma (AOR: 2.218; 95%CI: 1.920–2.561) had significantly higher odds of PTSS.

Conclusion
Individuals with vulnerability status may be at increased risk for COVID-19 related stigma. Key and vulnerable populations who were living with HIV and who experienced stigma may be at a higher risk of experiencing PTSS. Populations at risk for PTSS should be routinely screened and provided adequate support when they contract COVID-19 to reduce the risk for poor mental health during COVID-19 outbreaks and during future health crisis with similar magnitude as the COVID-19 pandemic.
Association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption frequency and muscle strength: results from a sample of Chinese adolescents
Authors: Zhang Yunjie , Xu Pan , Song Yongjing , Ma Nan , Lu Jinkui 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Although sugar-sweetened beverage consumption has become an important and widespread concern, there are few studies on the association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption frequency and muscle strength in Chinese adolescents. The objective of this study was to analyze the association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption frequency and muscle strength in Chinese adolescents.

Methods
A stratified whole-group sampling method was used to survey 25,893 adolescents aged 13–15 years old in China for sugar-sweetened beverage consumption frequency and muscle strength for grip strength and standing long jump. The subjects’ basic information, body mass index (BMI), and covariates were investigated. The association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption frequency and muscle strength was analyzed by multivariate logisitc regression analysis.

Results
The proportions of Chinese adolescents who consumed sugar-sweetened beverage ≥ 3 times/week, 1–2 times/week, and < 1 time/week were 12.23%, 52.79%, and 34.98%, respectively. The differences in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption frequency were statistically significant when compared across gender, parental education, duration of physical activity, snacks, and mode of commuting to school (χ2 values = 228.570, 51.422, 275.552, 3165.656, 10.988, P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that overall Chinese adolescents with sugary drinks 1–2 times/week (OR = 1.207, 95% CI:1.132–1.287) and sugary drinks ≥ 3 times/week (OR = 1.771, 95% CI:1.611–1.947) were associated with lower muscle strength compared to sugary drinks < 1 time/week showed a positive association (P < 0.01). The same trend was found for boys and girls.

Conclusion
Chinese adolescents’ sugar-sweetened beverage consumption is common, and high-frequency sugar-sweetened beverage consumption is associated with lower muscle strength. In the future, we should control the use of sugar-sweetened beverages and increase muscular strength training in Chinese adolescents to promote healthy growth.
Are patients with preoperative synovitis suitable for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty? Magnetic resonance imaging evidence from a retrospective cohort study
Authors: Wang Zhengxi , Zhang Xudong , Zhang Xianzuo , Wang Jiaxing , Zhu Chen 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
The use of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) in patients with preoperative synovitis is controversial. This study aimed to investigate the association between synovitis detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and prognosis after UKA.

Methods
Synovitis was graded using the MRI Osteoarthritis Knee Score criteria based on preoperative MRI findings of 132 UKAs performed between June 2020 and August 2021. The Knee Society Knee Score (KS-KS) and the Knee Society Function Score were collected preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively. The relationship between synovitis and the changes in the Knee Society score was analyzed using logistic regression.

Results
Univariate logistic regression showed that patients with higher preoperative synovitis scores (odds ratio (OR) = 1.925, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.482–2.500, P < 0.001) had higher KS-KS changes. After adjusting for confounding variables, synovitis was proven to be an independent factor for KS-KS improvement after UKA in multivariate logistic regression (OR = 1.814, 95% CI: 1.354–2.430, P < 0.001). Before UKA, patients with synovitis had lower pain scores (PS) than patients without synovitis (95% CI: -17.159 – -11.160, t = -9.347, P < 0.001). There was no difference in PS between the two groups after UKA (95% CI: -6.559 – 0.345, t = -1.782, P = 0.077).

Conclusions
Patients with synovitis can achieve good improvement of pain symptoms, and the efficacy is not inferior to that of non-synovitis patients after UKA.
Comparison of the efficacy and safety of holmium laser with the Moses technology and regular mode for stone treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Li Puhan , Ma Yucheng , Yuan Chi , Jian Zhongyu , Wei Xin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
As a new pulse modality of holmium laser in retrograde intrarenal stone surgery, the MOSES technique can reduce the possibility of stone drifting and help to powder kidney stones in vitro and in animal experiments. However, there remains controversy about whether the MOSES mode needs to be used instead of the regular mode in clinical practice. This meta-review was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of MOSES technology for stone disease.

Methods
PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and CNKI were searched for relevant studies until September 2022, with 1 RCT and 6 nonrandomized studies included. We pulled data on adverse events, success rates and operative time to analyze based on the random effect model.

Results
We found that using MOSES mode could shorten the operative time (standard mean difference [SMD] − 0.43; 95% confidence interval [CI] − 0.79 to  − 0.08; P = 0.016) than regular mode especially in a small sample study or in the Asian area. When the number of women is smaller than the number of men, the reduction of the duration was also significant. Stone-free rates of the two modes had no difference (relative risk [RR] 1.06; 95% CI 0.99–1.12; P = 0.30), and there was no publication bias. In terms of safety, no significant difference in complications was detected between the two approaches (RR 0.85; 95% CI 0.48–1.53; P = 0.81) without significant heterogeneity.

Conclusion
MOSES mode holmium laser was superior to the regular mode laser in terms of procedure time. There was no large disparity in stone-free rates or complications between the two modes. However, our conclusions should be confirmed in prospective studies with high evidence.
Bonding durability and remineralizing efficiency of orthodontic adhesive containing titanium tetrafluoride: an invitro study
Authors: Khalifa Omnia Mahmoud , Badawi Manal Farouk , Soliman Tarek Ahmed 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Titanium tetrafluoride has been shown to protect tooth enamel from demineralization. This study investigated the effect of incorporating different concentrations of TiF4 (1, 2 and 3 Wt.%) into an orthodontic primer on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets and the enamel microhardness after cariogenic challenges.

Methods
Three different TiF4 concentrations (1, 2 and 3 Wt.%) were prepared and added to the etch and rinse orthodontic primer. Ninety freshly extracted premolars were randomly divided into five groups according to the experimental primers and ageing conditions: TF0, TF0C, TF1C, TF2C, and TF3C. The TF0C group had no TiF4 in the primer, while TF1C, TF2C, and TF3C had 1, 2 and 3 Wt.% TiF4 in the primer, respectively. In the TF0 group, specimens were immersed in deionized water for 24 h as a control group, while all other groups were immersed in a demineralizing solution for 28 days. Each of the five groups was divided into two subgroups: The first group was subjected to shear bond strength and adhesive remnant index testing (N = 50 teeth, 10/group), while the second group was subjected to enamel surface microhardness testing (N = 25 teeth, 50 tooth halves, 10 tooth halves/group). Fifteen teeth (N = 15 teeth, n = 3/group) representing the five groups were subjected to SEM and microelemental analysis (EDX). SBS, ARI, microhardness, and Ca/P ratio were measured, and the data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's tests.

Results
The TF2C group had the highest SBS value (9.93 ± 1.23), while the TF0C (5.24 ± 0.65) and TF3C (5.13 ± 0.55) had the lowest SBS values. The enamel microhardness in the TF0C group was significantly reduced (p < .001). Enamel microhardness values were significantly (p < .001) higher in groups TF1C, TF2C, and TF3C than in TF0C. The highest Ca/P ratio was significantly recorded for the TF2C group (2.65 ± 0.02).

Conclusions
Incorporation of 1 and 2 Wt.% TiF4 into the orthodontic primers showed adequate bond strength and better remineralization effect. However, 1 Wt.% TiF4 showed lower ARI values than 2 Wt.% TiF4.
The impact of COVID-19 on the interpretation of psycho-oncological support trial results: a quasi-experimental approach using the data from the new form of care “Integrated cross-sectoral psycho-oncology (nFC-isPO)”
Authors: Hagemeier Anna , Adams Anne , Krieger Theresia , Salm Sandra , Cecon-Stabel Natalia , Dresen Antje , Hellmich Martin 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Objective
In addition to the common difficulties of ongoing trials, the COVID-19 pandemic posed several challenges to scientists worldwide and created an additional burden for vulnerable patient groups. In the nFC-isPO of individualised treatment for anxiety and depression in newly diagnosed patients with cancer caregivers (e.g. psycho-oncologists) reported elevated HADS scores in newly enrolled patients after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Accordingly, the question arises whether the pandemic affected HADS scores. Therefore, stratified analyses by the time of enrolment (T1) were performed for patients with 12 months of care (T3).

Methods
Patients with 12 months of care (N = 1,140) were analysed. A comparison within the regression discontinuity design according to the time points at which patients completed the baseline (T1) HADS questionnaire was conducted to examine differences between patients recruited before Q2/2020 (pre-pandemic) and after the coronavirus outbreak. Furthermore, mean HADS scores at T1 and T3 for all quarters during the study were compared.

Results
Mean T1 and T3 HADS scores of patients with cancer during the pandemic are only slightly higher than those of the pre-pandemic group. No significant treatment effect was observed in either the pre-pandemic (p = 0.5495, Late = 1.7711) or the post-pandemic group (p = 0.9098, LATE=-0.2933). In contrast, the average local treatment effect in the post-pandemic group suggests a minimal decrease in HADS score in the predefined range and thus a positive treatment effect for isPO. Comparison of mean HADS scores at T1 and T3 did not show a large increase by pandemic-related timepoints, however, a decrease of approximately 2–3 points over each quarter at 12 months compared to baseline is observed.

Conclusion
The existing nFC-isPO care is resilient to crisis and may counteract external influences such as the Corona pandemic. Accordingly, the pandemic had little influence on the fears of patients with cancer in the nFC-isPO. This emphasises that psycho-oncology is vital for the reduction of stress, anxiety and depression in patients with cancer.

Trial Registration
The study was registered in the German Clinical Trials Registry on 30 October 2018 under the ID “DRKS00015326”.
NGS-based targeted sequencing identified six novel variants in patients with Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy from southwestern China
Authors: Tang Feng , Xiao Yuanyuan , Zhou Cong , Zhang Haixia , Wang Jing , Zeng Yang 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
At present, Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and exome sequencing are common gene detection methods in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy or Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD), but they can not cover the whole-genome sequence of the DMD gene. In this study, the whole genome capture of the DMD gene and next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology were used to detect the patients with DMD/BMD in Southwest China, to clarify the application value of this technology and further study the gene variant spectrum.

Methods
From 2017 to 2020, 51 unrelated patients with DMD/BMD in southwestern China were clinically diagnosed at West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University (Chengdu, China). The whole-genome of the DMD gene was captured from the peripheral blood of all patients, and next-generation sequencing was performed. Large copy number variants (CNVs) in the exon regions of the DMD gene were verified through MLPA, and small variations (such as single nucleotide variation and < 50 bp fragment insertions/deletions) were validated using Sanger sequencing.

Results
Among the 51 patients, 49 (96.1% [49/51]) had pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in the DMD gene. Among the 49 positive samples, 17 patients (34.7% [17/49]) had CNVs in the exon regions and 32 patients (65.3% [32/49]) had small variations. A total of six novel variants were identified: c.10916_10917del, c.1790T>A, c.1842del, c.5015del, c.5791_5792insCA, and exons 38–50 duplication.

Conclusions
Pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants of the DMD gene were detected in 49 patients (96.1% [49/51]), of which 6 variants (12.2% [6/49]) had not been previously reported. This study confirmed the value of NGS-based targeted sequencing for the DMD gene expanding the spectrum of variants in DMD, which may provide effective genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis for families.
Association between prenatal or early postnatal exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances and language development in 18 to 36-month-old children from the Odense Child Cohort
Authors: Beck Iben Have , Bilenberg Niels , Andersen Helle Raun , Trecca Fabio , Bleses Dorthe , Jensen Tina Kold 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent chemicals used in everyday consumer products leading to ubiquitous human exposure. Findings of impaired neurodevelopment after prenatal exposure to PFAS are contradictory and few studies have assessed the impact of postnatal PFAS exposure. Language development is a good early marker of neurodevelopment but only few studies have investigated this outcome separately. We therefore investigated the association between prenatal and early postnatal PFAS exposure and delayed language development in 18 to 36-month-old Danish children.

Methods
The Odense Child Cohort is a large prospective cohort. From 2010 to 2012 all newly pregnant women residing in the Municipality of Odense, Denmark was invited to participate. Concentration of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) were assessed in maternal serum collected in the 1st trimester of pregnancy and in child serum at 18 months. Parents responded to the Danish adaption of the MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventories (MB-CDI) when their child was between 18 and 36 months. Language scores were converted into sex and age specific percentile scores and dichotomized to represent language scores above or below the 15th percentile. We applied Multiple Imputation by Chained Equation and conducted logistic regressions investigating the association between prenatal and early postnatal PFAS exposure and language development adjusting for maternal age, pre-pregnancy BMI, education and respectively fish intake in pregnancy or childhood and duration of breastfeeding in early postnatal PFAS exposure models.

Results
We found no significant associations between neither prenatal nor early postnatal PFAS exposure and language development among 999 mother-child pairs.

Conclusion
In this low-exposed cohort the finding of no association between early postnatal PFAS exposure and language development should be interpreted with caution as we were unable to separate the potential adverse effect of PFAS exposure from the well documented positive effect of breastfeeding on neurodevelopment. We, therefore, recommend assessment of child serum PFAS at an older age as development of the brain proceeds through childhood and even a small impact of PFAS on neurodevelopment would be of public health concern at population level due to the ubiquitous human exposure.
DNA topoisomerase 1 represses HIV-1 promoter activity through its interaction with a guanine quadruplex present in the LTR sequence
Authors: Lista María José , Jousset Anne-Caroline , Cheng Mingpan , Saint-André Violaine , Perrot Elouan , Rodrigues Melissa , Di Primo Carmelo , Gadelle Danielle , Toccafondi Elenia , Segeral Emmanuel , Berlioz-Torrent Clarisse , Emiliani Stéphane , Mergny Jean-Louis , Lavigne Marc 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background
Once integrated in the genome of infected cells, HIV-1 provirus is transcribed by the cellular transcription machinery. This process is regulated by both viral and cellular factors, which are necessary for an efficient viral replication as well as for the setting up of viral latency, leading to a repressed transcription of the integrated provirus.

Results
In this study, we examined the role of two parameters in HIV-1 LTR promoter activity. We identified DNA topoisomerase1 (TOP1) to be a potent repressor of this promoter and linked this repression to its catalytic domain. Additionally, we confirmed the folding of a Guanine quadruplex (G4) structure in the HIV-1 promoter and its repressive effect. We demonstrated a direct interaction between TOP1 and this G4 structure, providing evidence of a functional relationship between the two repressive elements. Mutations abolishing G4 folding affected TOP1/G4 interaction and hindered G4-dependent inhibition of TOP1 catalytic activity in vitro. As a result, HIV-1 promoter activity was reactivated in a native chromatin environment. Lastly, we noticed an enrichment of predicted G4 sequences in the promoter of TOP1-repressed cellular genes.

Conclusions
Our results demonstrate the formation of a TOP1/G4 complex on the HIV-1 LTR promoter and its repressive effect on the promoter activity. They reveal the existence of a new mechanism of TOP1/G4-dependent transcriptional repression conserved between viral and human genes. This mechanism contrasts with the known property of TOP1 as global transcriptional activator and offers new perspectives for anti-cancer and anti-viral strategies.