bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Applications of multi-fidelity multi-output Kriging to engineering design optimization
Authors: Toal David J. J. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractSurrogate modelling is a popular approach for reducing the number of high fidelity simulations required within an engineering design optimization. Multi-fidelity surrogate modelling can further reduce this effort by exploiting low fidelity simulation data. Multi-output surrogate modelling techniques offer a way for categorical variables e.g. the choice of material, to be included within such models. While multi-fidelity multi-output surrogate modelling strategies have been proposed, to date only their predictive performance rather than optimization performance has been assessed. This paper considers three different multi-fidelity multi-output Kriging based surrogate modelling approaches and compares them to ordinary Kriging and multi-fidelity Kriging. The first approach modifies multi-fidelity Kriging to include multiple outputs whereas the second and third approaches model the different levels of simulation fidelity as different outputs within a multi-output Kriging model. Each of these techniques is assessed using three engineering design problems including the optimization of a gas turbine combustor in the presence of a topological variation, the optimization of a vibrating truss where the material can vary and finally, the parallel optimization of a family of airfoils.
Investigation of conventional and ANN-based feed rate scheduling methods in trochoidal milling with cutting force and acceleration constraints
Authors: Jacso Adam , Szalay Tibor , Sikarwar Basant Singh , Phanden Rakesh Kumar , Singh Rajeev Kumar , Ramkumar Janakarajan 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn CNC milling, the feed rate scheduling is a frequently used method to increase machining quality and efficiency. Among the benefits of feed rate scheduling, this paper focuses on controlling the tool load and optimizing the machining time. Although the advantages of feed rate scheduling are undeniable, some areas remain still to be addressed. In order to control the tool load, geometric methods are often used, which are based on keeping a specific parameter, such as chip thickness or material removal rate (MRR) constant. However, a high level of tool load control can only be provided if cutting force models or experimental-based techniques are used. Besides traditional methods, this paper presents an artificial neural network (ANN)-based feed rate scheduling method to keep the tool load constant, using data gained by preliminary cutting experiments. A case study demonstrates that a significantly higher level of tool load control can be achieved with this method as compared to the geometric models. Besides controlling the tool load, the present feed rate scheduling method also addresses the consideration of acceleration limits which is of great importance for practical uses. The application of feed rate scheduling in trochoidal milling is also discussed in detail in this paper. This area has not received enough attention, as due to the limited fluctuation of cutter engagement, the tool load was considered as well-controlled. However, experiments have shown that in the case of trochoidal milling, the introduction of feed rate scheduling can still further increase the machining efficiency. Using the developed ANN-based feed rate scheduling method, significant progress could be made as compared to conventional technologies in controlling the cutting force and optimizing the machining time. In the present case study, a reduction of 50% in machining time was achievable by adjusting the feed rate without increasing the peak value of cutting force.
Mid‐term Results of an ERAS Program of Bariatric Surgery in a Tertiary Referral Center
Authors: Lacroix Coralie , Zamparini Marion , Meunier Hugo , Fiant Anne‐Lise , Le Roux Yannick , Bion Adrien Lee , Savey Véronique , Alves Arnaud , Menahem Benjamin 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundTo identify preoperative risk factors for discharge failure beyond postoperative day two (POD‐2) in bariatric surgery ERAS program in a tertiary referral center.Methodsall consecutive patients who underwent laparoscopic bariatric treated in accordance with ERAS protocol between January 2017 and December 2019 were included. Two groups were identified, failure of early discharge (> POD‐2) (ERAS‐F) and success of early discharge (≤ POD‐2) (ERAS‐S). Overall postoperative morbidity, unplanned readmission rates were analyzed at POD‐30 and POD‐90, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine the independent risk factors for LOS > 2 days (ERAS‐F).ResultsA total of 697 consecutive patients were included, 148 (21.2%) in ERAS‐F group and 549 (78.8%) in ERAS‐S group. All postoperative complications at POD 90, whether medical or surgical were significantly more frequent in ERAS‐F group than in ERAS‐S group. Neither readmission nor unplanned consultations rates at POD 90 were significantly different between both groups. History of psychiatric disorder (p = 0.01), insulin‐dependent diabetes (p < 0.0001), use of anticoagulants medicine (p < 0.00001), distance to the referral center > 100 km (p = 0.006), gallbladder lithiasis (p = 0.02), and planned additional procedures (p = 0.01) were independent risk factors for delayed discharge beyond POD‐2.ConclusionsOne in five patients with bariatric surgery failed to discharge earlier despite the ERAS program. Knowledge of these preoperative risk factors would allow us to identify patients who need more recovery time and a tailored approach to the ERAS protocol.
Comparison of Oncological and Perioperative Outcomes Between Self‐Expanding Metal Stents and Decompression Tubes for Stages II and III Obstructive Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Observational Study
Authors: Yamane Kei , Umino Yosuke , Nagami Tadashi , Tarumoto Koji , Hattori Kuniaki , Maemoto Ryo , Iwasaki Junji , Kanazawa Akiyoshi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBackgroundA bridge to surgery (BTS) using self‐expandable metallic stents (SEMSs) is becoming the primary treatment for obstructive colorectal cancer (OCRC). In Japan, intestinal decompression was usually performed using decompression tubes (DTs). However, few reports have compared the outcomes of SEMS and DTs as BTS. Therefore, we compared the treatment outcomes of SEMS and DTs for OCRC.MethodsData of 80 patients who underwent radical resection after endoscopic decompression for stage II or III OCRC between 2007 and 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups based on whether they received SEMS (n = 53) or DTs (n = 27).ResultsThe clinical success rate of decompression was 96.2% and 88.9% in the SEMS and DT groups, respectively. Additionally, 96.2% of patients who received SEMS were able to resume their routine diet without stricture symptoms. The rate of stoma construction and incidence of postoperative complications were lower in the SEMS group (p < 0.005 and p < 0.01, respectively). The 3‐year relapse‐free survival rates were 71.9% and 51.2% in the SEMS and DT groups, respectively, which were not significantly different (p = 0.10).ConclusionBTS using SEMS might be an adequate treatment for stage II or III OCRC regardless of tumor location owing to the comparable oncological outcomes with DT and low perioperative complication rate.
On Extremal Functions and V. Markov Type Polynomial Inequality for Certain Subsets of $${\mathbb {R}}^N$$
Authors: Baran Mirosław , Sroka Grzegorz 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe introduce a polynomial extremal function $$\Phi (E,{\mathbb {F}},z)$$

Φ
(
E
,
F
,
z
)

which is one of possible generalizations of the classical Siciak extremal function, restricted to subspaces $${\mathbb {F}}$$
F
of the linear space of all polynomials of N variables that are invariant under differentiation. We show that the so-called HCP condition in this situation: $$\log \Phi (E,{\mathbb {F}},z)\le A\text { dist}(z,E)^s,\ z\in {\mathbb {C}}^N$$

log
Φ

(
E
,
F
,
z
)

≤
A

dist

(
z
,
E
)

s

,

z
∈

C

N

is equivalent to a generalization of the classical V. Markov’s inequality: $$||D^\alpha P||_E\le A_1^{|\alpha |}\frac{(\deg P)^{m|\alpha |}}{(|\alpha |!)^{m-1}}||P||_E,\ P\in {\mathbb {F}}$$

|
|

D
α

P
|
|

E

≤

A
1

|
α
|

(
deg
P
)

m
|
α
|

(
|
α
|
!
)

m
-
1

|
|
P
|
|

E

,

P
∈
F

with dependence $$m=1/s$$

m
=
1
/
s

. The situation is similar to the basic case (cf. [8]) $${\mathbb {F}}={\mathbb {K}}[z_1,\dots ,z_N],$$

F
=
K
[

z
1

,
⋯
,

z
N

]
,

where a V. Markov’s type inequality was introduced and the above-mentioned equivalence was proved. As a byproduct, we prove new results related to V. Markov’s inequality for an important class of subsets of $${\mathbb {R}}^N$$

R

N

, which are then applied to obtain the first versions of this inequality for some thin sets, such as spheres in $${\mathbb {R}}^{N+1}$$

R

N
+
1

and Euclidean spheres in particular. Furthermore, we prove an interesting fact on the polynomial convex hull of the circle $$S^1$$

S
1

, as a subset of $${\mathbb {R}}^2$$

R

2

.
Visualyre: multimodal album art generation for independent musicians
Authors: Azuaje Gamar , Liew Kongmeng , Epure Elena , Yada Shuntaro , Wakamiya Shoko , Aramaki Eiji 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Album art often reflects the trends and themes of the songs in a given collection, and even the identities of the musicians who produced it. It therefore plays a central role in fomenting a potential listener’s first impression of the work. As such, musicians strive to find suitable images for this purpose, and those with limited financial resources or design skills may struggle to do so. Here, we report the development of Visualyre, a deep learning–based application that generates album art images from users’ song lyrics and audio files. This tool relies on generative adversarial network models to generate images from textual input (lyrics) and style transfer models to adjust the image according to the mood of the audio. We then report the results of a user study involving 35 amateur and independent musicians who tested the system. Results suggest that Visualyre was generally well received and largely effective in its intended purpose: providing musicians with a resource for generating their own album art.
The impact of COVID-19 lockdown on postpartum mothers in London, England: An online focus group study
Authors: Emmott Emily H. , Gilliland Astor , Lakshmi Narasimhan Anjana , Myers Sarah 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Aims
This study examines the impact of COVID-19 lockdown on postpartum mothers in England, with the aim of identifying opportunities to improve maternal experience and wellbeing. The postpartum/postnatal period is widely acknowledged as a time when mothers require greater levels of support from multiple sources. However, stay-at-home orders, commonly known as “lockdown,” deployed in some countries to limit COVID-19 transmission reduced access to support. In England, many postpartum mothers navigated household isolation within an intensive mothering and expert parenting culture. Examining the impact of lockdown may reveal strengths and weaknesses in current policy and practice.

Subject and methods
We conducted online focus groups involving 20 mothers living in London, England, with “lockdown babies,” following up on our earlier online survey on social support and maternal wellbeing. We thematically analysed focus group transcripts, and identified key themes around Lockdown Experience and Determinants of Lockdown Experience.

Results
Participants raised some positives of lockdown, including fostering connections and protection from external expectations, but also raised many negatives, including social isolation, institutional abandonment, and intense relationships within the household. Potential reasons behind variations in lockdown experience include physical environments, timing of birth, and number of children. Our findings reflect how current systems may be “trapping” some families into the male-breadwinner/female-caregiver family model, while intensive mothering and expert parenting culture may be increasing maternal stress and undermining responsive mothering.

Conclusions
Facilitating partners to stay at home during the postpartum period (e.g., increasing paternity leave and flexible working) and establishing peer/community support to decentre reliance on professional parenting experts may promote positive postpartum maternal experience and wellbeing.
MWD Data-Based Marble Quality Class Prediction Models Using ML Algorithms
Authors: Akyildiz Ozge , Basarir Hakan , Vezhapparambu Veena Sajith , Ellefmo Steinar 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBrønnøy Kalk AS operates an open pit mine in Norway producing marble, mainly used by the paper industry. The final product is used as filler and pigment for paper production. Therefore, the quality of the product has utmost importance. In the mine, the primary quality indicator, called TAPPI, is quantified through a laborious sampling process and laboratory experiments. As a part of digital transformation, measurement while drilling (MWD) data have been collected in the mine. The purpose of this paper is to use the recorded MWD data for the prediction of marble quality to facilitate quality blending in the pit. For this purpose, two supervised classification modelling algorithms such as conventional logistic regression and random forest have been employed. The results show that the random forest classification model presents significantly higher statistical performance, and it can be used as a tool for fast and efficient marble quality assessment.
Response of soil bacterial populations to application of biosolids under short-term flooding
Authors: Humphries Nicholas H. , Thornton Steven F. , Chen Xiaohui , Bray Andrew W. , Stewart Douglas I. 
Published: May 2023

AbstractBiosolids are applied to agricultural land as a soil conditioner and source of crop nutrients. However, there is concern that bacteria from biosolids may become established in soils, particularly if that soil becomes water-logged. This study examined the microbial community of arable soils cultivated with barley under different applications of biosolids (0, 24t/ha, 48t/ha) in laboratory mesocosms which simulated a 10-day flood. Nutrients (P and N) and organic matter in the soil increased with application rate, but plant growth was not affected by biosolid application. The biosolids contained 10× more genetic material than the soil, with much lower bacterial diversity, yet application did not significantly change the taxonomy of the soil microbiome, with minor changes related to increased nutrients and SOM. Anaerobic conditions developed rapidly during flooding, causing shifts in the native soil microbiome. Some bacterial taxa that were highly abundant in biosolids had slightly increased relative abundance in amended soils during the flood. After flooding, soil bacterial populations returned to their pre-flood profiles, implying that the native microbial community is resilient to transient changes. The short-term changes in the microbiome of biosolid-amended soils during flooding do not appear to increase the environmental risk posed by biosolid application.
Factors contributing to the relevance and continuity of life cycle assessment networks
Authors: Suikkanen Johanna , Horn Susanna , Judl Jáchym , Lazarevic David , Niemistö Johanna 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Purpose
National LCA networks have been supporting the mainstreaming of LCA practice in around a hundred countries. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the factors which contribute to the continuity and relevance of LCA networks as LCA practice becomes more mainstream. This paper addresses the following research questions: what factors enabled the establishment of LCA networks and how is their relevance maintained? How do LCA networks maintain operational continuity? In-depth interviews with national LCA networks were conducted and thematically analyzed. The results analyze the factors contributing to the establishment of LCA networks, as well as offering a unique insight into the factors affecting their relevance over time and contributing to maintaining their operational continuity. While previously LCA networks focused mainly on raising awareness of life cycle approaches, now, they are moving towards providing a coordinated influence on policies and stakeholders. LCA is no longer only an academic method; it has become mainstreamed in business sectors. By offering diverse activities and networking possibilities, LCA networks remain attractive for their members who are willing to pay a membership fee, which secures their long-term viability. The driving force for starting LCA networks was individual experts with an interest in the topic. The formal establishment of the networks allowed greater budgetary resources and, thus, the ability to carry out a broader set of activities that are relevant for different groups of stakeholders. The role of LCA networks both as a learning platform as well as an influential interface between different organizations makes them relevant over time.
Different Tokes for Different Folks: Use of Cannabis Products Among a Longitudinal Cohort of People with Heroin Dependence
Authors: Wilson Jack , Mills Katherine L. , Sunderland Matthew , Freeman Tom P. , Teesson Maree , Haber Paul S. , Marel Christina 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Co-occurring cannabis use is common among those with opioid use disorder (OUD), but the extent to which it is harmful may be due to its preparation and concentration of various cannabinoids. The current study aimed to examine the prevalence of, and long-term associations with, the use of varying cannabis products among a naturalistic longitudinal cohort of people with heroin dependence. A total of 615 people, most of whom were entering treatment, were recruited to the Australian Treatment Outcome Study (ATOS) in 2001–2002. This analysis focuses on the 401 participants followed up at 18–20 years post baseline. Structured interviews assessed the use of cannabis products, as well as demographic and health covariates. High-potency/indoor-grown cannabis was the most common type ever used (68.8%), and in the past 12 months (80.4%), followed by low potency/outdoor grown (22.4%; 14.4%), and less so for other types of cannabis. After controlling for covariates, older age at baseline was associated with lower odds of high-potency cannabis being used as the primary type in the past 12 months. In contrast to studies of non-opioid dependent populations, common use of high-potency cannabis was not associated with more severe health outcomes.
Das Paracelsus-Prinzip „Allein die Dosis macht, dass ein Ding (k)ein Gift sei“ – ein nicht mehr zeitgemäßer Lehrsatz und ätiologischer Mythos
Authors: Bödeker Wolfgang , Moebus Susanne 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Paracelsus gilt vielen als einer der berühmtesten Begründer moderner Medizin, auf den einflussreiche Konzepte zur gesunden Lebensführung sowie der Vermeidung und der Heilung von Krankheiten zurückgehen. Das einflussreiche Paracelsus-Prinzip, wonach „allein die Dosis macht, dass ein Ding kein Gift sei“, ist verbreitet der Bezugspunkt für die Analyse von gesundheitlichen Risiken sowie der Ableitung von gesundheitsförderlichen Verhalten und Grenzwerten.

Methodik
Der vorliegende Beitrag zeichnet die Herkunft und Rezeptionsgeschichte dieses berühmten Leitsatzes und seines Autors nach. Wir stellen zudem Erkenntnisse der modernen Pharmakologie und Toxikologie über Einflussfaktoren einer Ursache-Wirkungs-Beziehung zusammen und kontrastieren sie dem Paracelsus-Prinzip.

Ergebnisse
Der Leitsatz wurde erst 2 Jahrzehnte nach dem Tode Paracelsus veröffentlicht und wird in sich widersprechender deutschsprachiger und lateinischer Version rezipiert. Beide sind wissenschaftlich überholt. Die „Dosis“ als alleinigen Einflussfaktor herauszustellen entspricht nicht dem modernen wissenschaftlichen Kenntnisstand, nach dem eine Ursache-Wirkungs-Beziehung stets durch eine Vielzahl von Komponenten beeinflusst ist. Ein biologisches System ist nicht lediglich Rezipient einer Stoffmenge mit resultierenden Effekten. Individuelle Einflussfaktoren wie Alter, genetische Ausstattung, Tagesrhythmen, Lebensstil und weitere Kontextfaktoren beeinflussen eine Wirkung.

Schlussfolgerung
Das Paracelsus-Prinzip ist weiterhin populär und wird auch in Lehrbüchern der modernen Pharmakologie und Toxikologie unreflektiert übernommen. Aufgrund dessen wissenschaftlicher Unzulänglichkeit ist es überfällig herauszustellen, dass nicht „allein die Dosis das Gift“ macht, sondern bei gesundheitsbezogenen Risikoabschätzungen und Interventionen weitere Kontextfaktoren berücksichtigt werden müssen.
Entwicklung gesundheitsförderlicher Strukturen durch kooperative Planung
Authors: Rütten Alfred , Semrau Jana , Wolff Andrea R. 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Dieser Beitrag unterstützt die theoretische Fundierung und Spezifizierung der für die Gesundheitsförderung zentralen Begriffe der „Struktur“ und „Strukturentwicklung“, um so strukturbezogene Interventionen zielgenauer und wirksamer gestalten zu können. In diesem Rahmen wird mit der kooperativen Planung ein Ansatz vorgestellt, mit dem sich eine gesundheitsförderliche Strukturentwicklung theoriebasiert und zugleich praxisnah erreichen lässt.

Material und Methoden
Eine Analyse des wissenschaftlichen Diskurses zur gesundheitsförderlichen Strukturentwicklung zeigt zunächst Defizite der bisherigen Begriffsbildung auf. Vor diesem Hintergrund werden ein theoriebasierter Strukturbegriff und ein Modell zur Erklärung der Mechanismen gesundheitsförderlicher Strukturentwicklung als Bezugsrahmen eingeführt. In diesem Kontext wird die kooperative Planung als „innovative soziale Praxis“ definiert, im Modell verortet und anhand empirischer Beispiele erläutert.

Ergebnisse
Notwendige Bedingungen einer Strukturentwicklung durch kooperative Planung werden aufgezeigt. Im kooperativen Prozess entwickelte Maßnahmen beziehen sich sowohl auf gesundheitsrelevante Angebote und Infrastrukturen als auch auf Veränderungen der politischen Praxis. Wirkungen werden insbesondere anhand veränderter Handlungsfähigkeiten beteiligter Akteur:innen sowie veränderter Handlungsschemata und Ressourcenallokationen im kommunalen Kontext veranschaulicht.

Schlussfolgerung
Die kooperative Planung sollte zukünftig auf einer breiteren Basis und auch in neuen Anwendungsfeldern erprobt und weiterentwickelt werden.
A Framework for Future-Oriented Assessment of Converging Technologies at National Level
Authors: Ghazinoory Sepehr , Fatemi Mehdi , Saghafi Fatemeh , Ahmadian Abbas Ali , Tatina Shiva 
Published: May 2023

AbstractConverging technologies require intelligent policy-making as they have significant capabilities to develop disruptive innovations. In this regard, future-oriented technology assessment is vital given the great uncertainty about the consequences of and barriers to accessing these technologies. However, few frameworks have been developed to evaluate converging technologies, and most of those have neglected the unique dimensions of these technologies. Therefore, this study aims to provide a policymaking framework for converging technology development. Accordingly, the proposed framework is designed through a meta-synthesis of previous technology assessment frameworks by considering the feasibility, challenges, and achievements of converging technologies development pathways (CTDPs) as the key factors. Then, the framework is implemented in a case study of Iran and an appropriate strategy for each converging technologies development pathway is proposed based on a quadruple matrix of achievements and challenges. The results show that in Iran, biotechnology and cognitive technologies have the highest and lowest development horizons, respectively; and surprisingly, the combined field of biotechnology-cognitive is the most promising pair combination of converging technologies.