bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Techno‐economic analysis of dynamic, end‐to‐end optimal pharmaceutical campaign manufacturing using PharmaPy
Authors: Casas‐Orozco Daniel , Laky Daniel J. , Wang Vivian , Abdi Mesfin , Feng Xin , Wood Erin , Reklaitis Gintaras V. , Nagy Zoltan K. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIncreased interest in the pharmaceutical industry to transition from batch to continuouos manufacturing motivates the use of digital frameworks that allow systematic comparison of candidate process configurations. This article evaluates the technical and economic feasibility of different end‐to‐end optimal process configurations, namely, batch, hybrid and continuous, for small‐scale manufacturing of an active pharmaceutical ingredient. Production campaigns were analyzed for those configurations containing continuous equipment, where significant start‐up effects are expected given the relatively short campaign times considered. Hybrid operating mode was found to be the most attractive process configuration at intermediate and large annual production targets, which stems from combining continuous reactors and semi‐batch vaporization equipment. Continuous operation was found to be more costly, due to long stabilization times of continuous crystallization, and thermodynamic limitations of flash vaporization. Our work reveals the benefits of systematic digital evaluation of process configurations that operate under feasible conditions and compliant product quality attributes.
Herbs are not just small plants: What biomass allocation to rhizomes tells us about differences between trees and herbs
Authors: Harris Timothy , Klimeš Adam , Martínková Jana , Klimešová Jitka 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPremiseBiomass accumulation over years in vertical stems of trees leads to hypoallometric scaling between stem and leaf biomass within this growth form, while for herbaceous species, biomass allocation between these organ types typically exhibits isometry. However, biomass accumulation in herbs can occur in belowground perennating organs (e.g., rhizomes) that are, contrary to aboveground parts of herbs, long‐lived. Although ecologically important, biomass allocation and accumulation in rhizomes (and similar organs) have mostly not been studied.MethodsWe assembled data on biomass investments into plant organs for 111 rhizomatous herbs based on a literature survey and greenhouse experiment. We estimated the proportion of whole‐plant biomass invested into rhizomes and, using allometric relationships, analyzed scaling between rhizome and leaf biomass and whether it is more variable than for other organs.ResultsOn average, rhizomes comprise 30.2% of the total plant biomass. The proportion allocated to rhizomes does not change with plant size. Scaling between rhizome and leaf biomass is isometric, and allocation to rhizomes is not more variable than allocation to other organs.ConclusionsRhizomatous herbs accumulate substantial biomass in rhizomes, and rhizome biomass scales isometrically with leaves, contrary to the hypoallometric relationship between stem and leaves in trees. This difference suggests that the rhizome biomass is in balance with aboveground biomass—a resource of carbon for rhizome formation that, at the same time, is dependent on carbon stored in rhizomes for its seasonal regrowth.
Predicting amyloid‐beta pathology in the general population
Authors: Nguyen Ho Phuong Thuy , van Arendonk Joyce , Steketee Rebecca M. E. , van Rooij Frank J. A. , Roshchupkin Gennady V. , Ikram M. Arfan , Vernooij Meike W. , Neitzel Julia 
Published: June 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONReliable models to predict amyloid beta (Aβ) positivity in the general aging population are lacking but could become cost‐efficient tools to identify individuals at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.METHODSWe developed Aβ prediction models in the clinical Anti‐Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's (A4) Study (n = 4,119) including a broad range of easily ascertainable predictors (demographics, cognition and daily functioning, health and lifestyle factors). Importantly, we determined the generalizability of our models in the population‐based Rotterdam Study (n = 500).RESULTSThe best performing model in the A4 Study (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.73 [0.69–0.76]), including age, apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 genotype, family history of dementia, and subjective and objective measures of cognition, walking duration and sleep behavior, was validated in the independent Rotterdam Study with higher accuracy (AUC = 0.85 [0.81–0.89]). Yet, the improvement relative to a model including only age and APOE ε4 was marginal.DISCUSSIONAβ prediction models including inexpensive and non‐invasive measures were successfully applied to a general population–derived sample more representative of typical older non‐demented adults.
Correlated decline of cognitive and motor phenotypes and ADRD pathologies in old age
Authors: Buchman Aron S. , Wang Tianhao , Oveisgharan Shahram , Zammit Andrea R. , Agrawal Sonal , Yu Lei , Bennett David A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractINTRODUCTIONExamining motor and cognitive decline in separate models may underestimate their associations.METHODSIn a single trivariate model, we examined the levels and rates of decline of three phenotypes, sensor‐derived total daily physical activity, motor abilities, and cognition in 1007 older adults during 6 years of follow‐up. In 477 decedents, we repeated the model adding fixed terms for indices of nine brain pathologies.RESULTSSimultaneous rates of decline of all three phenotypes showed the strongest correlations with shared variance of up to 50%. Brain pathologies explained about 3% of the variance of declining daily physical activity, 9% of declining motor abilities, and 42% of cognitive decline.DISCUSSIONThe rates of declining cognitive and motor phenotypes are strongly correlated and measures of brain pathologies account for only a small minority of their decline. Further work is needed to elucidate the biology underlying correlated cognitive and motor decline in aging adults.
A three‐dimensional method for morphological analysis and flow velocity estimation in microvasculature on‐a‐chip
Authors: Rota Alberto , Possenti Luca , Offeddu Giovanni S. , Senesi Martina , Stucchi Adelaide , Venturelli Irene , Rancati Tiziana , Zunino Paolo , Kamm Roger D. , Costantino Maria Laura 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThree‐dimensional (3D) imaging techniques (e.g., confocal microscopy) are commonly used to visualize in vitro models, especially microvasculature on‐a‐chip. Conversely, 3D analysis is not the standard method to extract quantitative information from those models. We developed the μVES algorithm to analyze vascularized in vitro models leveraging 3D data. It computes morphological parameters (geometry, diameter, length, tortuosity, eccentricity) and intravascular flow velocity. μVES application to microfluidic vascularized in vitro models shows that they successfully replicate functional features of the microvasculature in vivo in terms of intravascular fluid flow velocity. However, wall shear stress is lower compared to in vivo references. The morphological analysis also highlights the model's physiological similarities (vessel length and tortuosity) and shortcomings (vessel radius and surface‐over‐volume ratio). The addition of the third dimension in our analysis produced significant differences in the metrics assessed compared to 2D estimations. It enabled the computation of new indices, such as vessel eccentricity. These μVES capabilities can find application in analyses of different in vitro vascular models, as well as in vivo and ex vivo microvasculature.
Intramolecular Palladium Catalyst Transfer on Benzoheterodiazoles as Acceptor Monomers and Discovery of Catalyst Transfer Inhibitors
Authors: Sugita Hajime , Kamigawara Takeru , Miyazaki Sou , Shimada Ryusuke , Katoh Takayoshi , Ohta Yoshihiro , Yokozawa Tsutomu 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIntramolecular catalyst transfer on benzoheterodiazoles was investigated in Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions and polymerization reactions with tBu3PPd precatalyst. In the coupling reactions of dibromobenzotriazole, dibromobenzoxazole, and dibromobenzothiadiazole with pinacol phenylboronate, the product ratios of monosubstituted product to disubstituted product were 0/100, 27/73, and 89/11, respectively, indicating that the Pd catalyst undergoes intramolecular catalyst transfer on dibromobenzotriazole, whereas intermolecular transfer occurs in part in the case of dibromobenzoxazole and is predominant for dibromobenzothiadiazole. The polycondensation of 1.3 equivalents of dibromobenzotriazole with 1.0 equivalent of para‐ and meta‐phenylenediboronates afforded high‐molecular‐weight polymer and cyclic polymer, respectively. In the case of dibromobenzoxazole, however, para‐ and meta‐phenylenediboronates afforded moderate‐molecular‐weight polymer with bromine at both ends and cyclic polymer, respectively. In the case of dibromobenzothiadiazole, they afforded low‐molecular‐weight polymers with bromine at both ends. Addition of benzothiadiazole derivatives interfered with catalyst transfer in the coupling reactions.
Multiply exo‐Methylated Corannulenes
Authors: Miwa Kazuhira , Aoyagi Shinobu , Amaya Toru , Sasamori Takahiro , Morisako Shogo , Kurogi Takashi , Yorimitsu Hideki 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe curved π‐conjugated surface of bowl‐shaped corannulene has been multiply methylated to form exo‐di‐, ‐tetra‐, and ‐hexamethylated corannulenes. The multimethylations became possible through in‐situ iterative reduction/methylation sequences that involve the reduction of corannulenes using sodium to form the anionic corannulene species, and the subsequent SN2 reaction of the anionic species with reduction‐resistant dimethyl sulfate. X‐ray diffraction analyses, NMR, MS, UV‐Vis measurements, and DFT calculations have revealed the molecular structures of the multimethylated corannulenes and the sequence of the multimethylation. This work has the potential to contribute to the controlled synthesis and characterizations of multifunctionalized fullerenes.
Lipase‐Responsive Rifampicin‐Based Biodegradable PCL Nanocarrier for Antibacterial Treatment
Authors: Osehontue Uroro Evelyn , Bright Richard , Yang Quek Jing , Vasilev Krasimir 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRifampicin (RFP) is a first‐line drug used to treat a variety of infections, including wound infections but has limitations in its use due to its toxicity. Hence, an urgent need exists for the development of suitable carriers for the delivery of the antibiotic. In this study, a novel approach is introduced for drug administration, employing stimulus‐responsive carriers to achieve an on‐demand strategy. This innovative method aims to minimize the dosage and frequency of drug administration, consequently lowering cytotoxicity levels. We used the lipases‐sensitive polycaprolactone (PCL) to produce nanocomposites loaded with rifampicin (PCL−RFP NPs). Nanoparticles were prepared by a single‐step emulsion solvent evaporation method. The size distribution of blank nanoparticles (PCL NPs) and PCL−RFP NPs were 172±30 nm and 229±58 nm, respectively. The liberation of RFP from PCL−RFP NPs was monitored over a period of 72 h in the absence and the presence of lipase was 9.46±0.24 % and 53.3±3.33 %, respectively, indicating responsive behavior. The minimum inhibitory concentration to lipase‐expressing Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) of PCL−RFP NPs was significantly improved compared to the free drug. Cytotoxicity tests using human dermal fibroblasts showed that the nanocomposites had better biocompatible when compared to the free drug. These findings indicate that the developed nanocomposite carriers have the potential to be promising candidates for delivering antibiotics in the field of biomedicine.
A new 4‐D hyperchaotic two‐scroll system with hidden attractor and its field‐programmable gate array implementation
Authors: Vaidyanathan Sundarapandian , Benkouider Khaled , Ovilla‐Martinez Brisbane , Tlelo‐Cuautle Esteban , Sambas Aceng , Darwin P. 
Published: June 2023

SummaryThis research work reports the finding of a new 4‐D hyperchaotic two‐scroll system having three second‐order nonlinear terms. It is detailed that the system does not have any rest point for non‐zero values of the system parameters. Thus, we deduce that the new hyperchaotic system has a hidden attractor. The main findings of the new hyperchaotic system include a detailed bifurcation analysis, coexisting attractors, and offset‐boosting control. The new 4‐D hyperchaotic two‐scroll system with hidden attractor is prototyped using the field‐programmable gate array (FPGA) Zybo Z7‐20 development board, Xilinx Vivado tool, and the hardware description by VHDL. It is highlighted that the simulation of the circuit design, and the experimental results from the FPGA synthesis, all of them are in good agreement with theoretical simulations.
Dynamic spatiotemporal modeling of a habitat‐defining plant species to support wildlife management at regional scales
Authors: Tredennick Andrew T. , Monroe Adrian P. , Prebyl Thomas , Lombardi John , Aldridge Cameron L. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSagebrush (Artemisiaspp.) ecosystems provide critical habitat for the Greater sage‐grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus), a species of conservation concern. Thus, future loss of sagebrush habitat because of land use change and global climate change is of concern. Here, we use a dynamic additive spatiotemporal model to estimate the effects of climate on sagebrush cover dynamics at 32 sage‐grouse management (core) areas in Wyoming. We use the fitted models to quantify the sensitivity of each management area to precipitation and temperature, and to make probabilistic projections of sagebrush cover from present to 2100 under three climate change scenarios. Global circulation models predict an increase in temperature and no change in precipitation for Wyoming. Sensitivity to climate varied among management areas, but the most common response (70% of management areas) was a positive effect of temperature on sagebrush performance. The combination of positive sensitivity to temperature and the predicted increase in temperature under all climate change scenarios resulted in projections of increased sagebrush cover for most management areas. We characterized management areas as “optimal” or “suboptimal” based on the percentage of grid cells in each management area with sagebrush cover exceeding a nesting habitat target value. Only 18% of management areas are projected to switch from being currently optimal to suboptimal in the future. Thirty‐five percent of management areas are projected to switch from being suboptimal to optimal. The most common outcome (47%) was for currently suboptimal management areas to remain suboptimal, even though average cover tended to increase in those areas. The direct effects of climate change appear to favor sagebrush performance in the future for most sage‐grouse core areas in Wyoming. Our approach is broadly applicable to quantitative climate change assessments where remotely sensed estimates of habitat‐defining vegetation are available.
Psychiatric comorbidities in older adults with posttraumatic stress disorder: A systematic review
Authors: Baltjes Froukje , Cook Joan M. , van Kordenoordt Maaike , Sobczak Sjacko 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundPsychiatric comorbidity is high in adults with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with up to 90% having at least one additional condition, and two‐thirds having two or more other diagnoses. With an increasing aging population in industrialized counties, knowing which psychiatric disorders frequently co‐occur in older adults with PTSD can have implications to improve diagnosis and treatment. This systematic literature review explores the current empirical literature on psychiatric comorbidity in older adults with PTSD.MethodLiterature databases PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, and CINAHL were searched. The following inclusion criteria were applied: research done since 2013, PTSD diagnosis based on diagnostic criteria according to Diagnostic and Statistics Manual‐Fifth Edition, International Classification of Diseases—10th Revision (ICD‐10), or ICD‐11, and studies include individuals aged 60 years or older.ResultsOf 2068 potentially relevant papers identified, 246 articles were examined based on titles and abstracts. Five papers met the inclusion criteria and were included. Major depressive disorder and alcohol use disorder were the most frequently studied and diagnosed psychiatric comorbidities in older adults with PTSD.Conclusions and implicationsScreening for depression and substance use in older adults should include an assessment of trauma and PTSD. Additional studies in the general older adult population with PTSD and a broader range of comorbid psychiatric disorders are needed.
Benefits, barriers, and facilitators of using speech recognition technology in nursing documentation and reporting: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Dinari Fatemeh , Bahaadinbeigy Kambiz , Bassiri Somayyeh , Mashouf Esmat , Bastaminejad Saiyad , Moulaei Khadijeh 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimNursing reports are necessary for clinical communication and provide an accurate reflection of nursing assessments, care provided, changes in clinical status, and patient‐related information to support the multidisciplinary team to provide individualized care. Nurses always face challenges in recording and documenting nursing reports. Speech recognition systems (SRS), as one of the documentation technologies, can play a potential role in recording medical reports. Therefore, this study seeks to identify the barriers, benefits, and facilitators of utilizing speech recognition technology in nursing reports.Materials and MethodsThis cross‐sectional was conducted through a researcher‐made questionnaire in 2022. Invitations were sent to 200 ICU nurses working in the three educational hospitals of Imam Reza (AS), Qaem and Imam Zaman in Mashhad city (Iran), 125 of whom accepted our invitation. Finally, 73 nurses included the study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0.ResultsAccording to the nurses, “paperwork reduction” (3.96, ±1.96), “performance improvement” (3.96, ±0.93), and “cost reduction” (3.95, ±1.07) were the most common benefits of using the SRS. “Lack of specialized, technical, and experienced staff to teach nurses how to work with speech recognition systems” (3.59, ±1.18), “insufficient training of nurses” (3.59, ±1.11), and “need to edit and control quality and correct documents” (3.59, ±1.03) were the most common barriers to using SRS. As well as “ability to fully review documentation processes” (3.62, ±1.13), “creation of integrated data in record documentation” (3.58, ±1.15), “possibility of error correction for nurses” (3.51, ±1.16) were the most common facilitators. There was no significant relationship between nurses' demographic information and the benefits, barriers, and facilitators.ConclusionsBy providing information on the benefits, barriers, and facilitators of using this technology, hospital managers, nursing managers, and information technology managers of healthcare centers can make more informed decisions in selecting and implementing SRS for nursing report documentation. This will help to avoid potential challenges that may reduce the efficiency, effectiveness, and productivity of the systems.
An 8‐year retrospective study of fixed prosthodontics clinical unit completions in a postgraduate prosthodontics program
Authors: Dudley James 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackground and AimsThe range of aesthetic fixed prosthodontics materials utilizing digital manufacturing techniques has expanded in recent years ostensibly replacing traditional laboratory techniques and materials. This retrospective study conducted over eight consecutive years aimed to analyze the types of laboratory fabricated fixed prosthodontics clinical units completed in a postgraduate prosthodontics specialist training program and determine meaningful trends.MethodsThe logbooks of eight postgraduate prosthodontics completions from 2014 to 2021 were reviewed and the different types of laboratory fabricated fixed prosthodontics units and total number of fixed prosthodontics units completed were recorded. The data was categorized and presented in tabulated and chart form using Microsoft Excel software (version 2016). Paired t‐tests and Mann−Kendall trend tests were performed to analyze for statistical significance between the different restoration types across the program completions.ResultsPorcelain bonded to metal (PBM) crowns represented 42.05% of all fixed prosthodontics units completed over all study years followed by all‐ceramic crowns (ACC) (18.14%) and full gold crowns (FGC) (10.70%). Jointly, PBM, ACC and FGC's encompassed 70.88% of all fixed prosthodontics units. Over the 8‐year study period, there were observed trends of reduced use of PBM's, increased use of ACC's, statistically significant reduced use of FGC's (p = 0.035) and a statistically significant difference in the use of complete and partial coverage restorations (p < 0.001).ConclusionPBM crowns were the dominant laboratory fabricated fixed prosthodontic clinical unit across postgraduate prosthodontics program completions. The trend in later years indicating ACC as the dominant crown type warrants further investigation.
Comparison of vaginoscopic hysteroscopy and traditional hysteroscopy: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Khoiwal Kavita , Zaman Rabia , Bahurupi Yogesh , Gaurav Amrita , Chaturvedi Jaya 
Published: June 2023

AbstractBackgroundOutpatient hysteroscopy is a safe, feasible, and optimum procedure for the diagnosis and management of intrauterine pathologies.ObjectiveTo determine the best approach of outpatient hysteroscopy (vaginoscopic vs traditional) in terms of pain, duration of procedure, feasibility, safety, and acceptability.Search StrategyPubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, and Scopus were searched from January 2000 to October 2021. No filters or restrictions were applied.Selection CriteriaRandomized controlled trials comparing vaginoscopic hysteroscopy with traditional hysteroscopy in an outpatient setting.Data Collection and AnalysisTwo authors independently performed a comprehensive literature search and collected and extracted data. The summary effect estimate was determined using both fixed effects and random‐effects models.ResultsSeven studies with 2723 patients (vaginoscopic [n = 1378] and traditional hysteroscopy [n = 1345]) were included. Vaginoscopic hysteroscopy was associated with a significant reduction in intraprocedural pain (standardized mean difference, −0.05 [95% confidence interval (CI), −0.33 to −0.23], I2 = 0%), procedural time (standardized mean difference, −0.45 [95% CI, −0.76 to −0.14], I2 = 82%), and fewer side effects (relative risk, 0.37 [95% CI, 0.15–0.91], I2 = 0%). The procedure failure rate was similar in both approaches (relative risk, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.71–1.32], I2 = 43%). Complications were mostly documented with traditional hysteroscopy.ConclusionVaginoscopic hysteroscopy reduces the pain and duration compared with traditional hysteroscopy.