bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Low-regularity Seiberg–Witten moduli spaces on manifolds with boundary
Authors: Suwara Piotr 
Published: June 2023

AbstractFor a compact spin$$^{c}$$

c

manifold X with boundary $$b_1(\partial X)=0$$

b
1

(
∂
X
)

=
0

, we consider moduli spaces of solutions to the Seiberg–Witten equations in a generalized double Coulomb slice in $$W^{1,2}$$

W

1
,
2

Sobolev regularity. We prove they are Hilbert manifolds, prove denseness and “semi-infinite-dimensionality” properties of the restriction to $$\partial X$$

∂
X

, and establish a gluing theorem. To achieve these, we prove a general regularity theorem and a strong unique continuation principle for Dirac operators, and smoothness of a restriction map to configurations of higher regularity on the interior, all of which are of independent interest.
NLRP3 agonist enhances radiation-induced immune priming and promotes abscopal responses in anti-PD1 resistant model
Authors: Barsoumian Hampartsoum B. , He Kewen , Hsu Ethan , Bertolet Genevieve , Sezen Duygu , Hu Yun , Riad Thomas S. , Cortez Maria Angelica , Welsh James W. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractRadiotherapy (XRT), a well-known activator of the inflammasome and immune priming, is in part capable of reversing resistance to anti-PD1 treatment. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a pattern recognition receptor which is activated by both exogenous and endogenous stimuli, leading to a downstream inflammatory response. Although NLRP3 is typically recognized for its role in exacerbating XRT-induced tissue damage, the NLRP3 inflammasome can also yield an effective antitumor response when used in proper dosing and sequencing with XRT. However, whether NLRP3 agonist boosts radiation-induced immune priming and promote abscopal responses in anti-PD1 resistant model is still unknown. Therefore, in this study, we paired intratumoral injection of an NLRP3 agonist with XRT to stimulate the immune system in both wild type (344SQ-P) and anti-PD1 resistant (344SQ-R) murine-implanted lung adenocarcinoma models. We found that the combination of XRT + NLPR3 agonist enhanced the control of implanted lung adenocarcinoma primary as well as secondary tumors in a radiological dose-dependent manner, in which 12Gyx3 fractions of stereotactic XRT was better than 5Gyx3, while 1Gyx2 did not improve the NLRP3 effect. Survival and tumor growth data also showed significant abscopal response with the triple therapy (12Gyx3 + NLRP3 agonist + α-PD1) in both 344SQ-P and 344SQ-R aggressively growing models. Multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1b, IL-4, IL-12, IL-17, IFN-γ and GM-CSF) were elevated in the serum of mice treated with XRT + NLRP3 or triple therapy. The Nanostring results showed that NLRP3 agonist is capable of increasing antigen presentation, innate function, and T-cell priming. This study can be of particular importance to treat patients with immunologically-cold solid tumors whom are also refractory to prior checkpoint treatments.
The Territory of Ancient Tipasa, Algeria: Archaeological Survey, Material Culture, and Connectivity in Central Maghreb
Authors: Quevedo Alejandro , García-Sánchez Jesús , Khellaf Rafik , Bensaidani Youcef 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThe territory of Tipasa, an iconic UNESCO landscape that comprises the ancient city of Mauretania and its Royal Mausoleum, has never been systematically investigated. The exception may be Gsell’s archaeological atlas of Algeria, compiled more than a century ago (Gsell, 1911). Since 2021, the TIPASA Project, a Spanish-Algerian survey program, was organized to shed light on this ill-studied ancient city and its territory. The survey approaches the subject from both the “site” and “off-site” perspectives, using tools such as remote sensing, field survey, and material culture, as well as an education program for Algerian students. This research is essential to understanding the part played by Punic, Hellenistic, Mauretanian, and Roman agents in creating the territory. The research methods and conceptual framework emphasize the particularities of North African cities and the creation of African-led networks in Antiquity across the Mediterranean, particularly the connections with the Iberian Peninsula before and after the imposition of Roman administrative structures.
Analytic solutions of linear neutral and non-neutral delay differential equations using the Laplace transform method: featuring higher order poles and resonance
Authors: Sherman Michelle , Kerr Gilbert , González-Parra Gilberto 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn this article, we extend the Laplace transform method to obtain analytic solutions for linear RDDEs and NDDEs which have real and complex poles of higher order. Furthermore, we present first-order linear DDEs that feature resonance phenomena. The procedure is similar to the one where all of the poles are order one, but requires one to use the appropriate modifications when using Cauchy’s residue theorem for the poles of higher order. The process for obtaining the solution relies on computing the relevant infinite sequence of poles and then determining the Laplace inverse, via the Cauchy residue theorem. For RDDEs, the poles can be obtained in terms of the Lambert W function, but for NDDEs,the complex poles, in most cases, must be computed numerically. We found that an important feature of first-order linear RDDES and NDDES with poles of higher order is that it is possible to incite the resonance phenomena, which in the counterpart ordinary differential equation cannot occur. We show that despite the presence of higher order poles or resonance phenomena, the solutions generated by the Laplace transform method for linear RDDEs and NDDEs that have higher order poles are still accurate.
Community Perceptions on the Transformation of a high-altitude Grassland Through Invasion by Leucosidea sericea at Vuvu, South Africa
Authors: Ndamane Nandipha Gloria , Kraai Manqhai , Tsvuura Zivanai , Mkhize Ntuthuko Raphael , Tjelele Tlou Julius 
Published: June 2023

AbstractWe assessed perceptions of Leucosidea sericea, a woody plant that is increasing in density such that it may threaten rangelands among agro-pastoralists whose livelihoods rely on livestock (56%) and crop farming (36%) in Vuvu, Eastern Cape, South Africa. Using semi-structured questionnaires, we asked 198 respondents about the spread of the species in the last few decades, and its impact on the availability of graze for livestock. Responses indicated that L. sericea started spreading in the 1950s, with marked increases in 2011–2020, particularly in the mountainous areas used for grazing as well as by rivers and village residences. Respondents suggested that livestock were the main biological agent of seed dispersal, and livestock ownership had increased dramatically in recent years, with a preference for sheep (a minimum of 120 per household). Overall, respondents indicated that L. sericea encroachment negatively affected their community.
Chemodiversity and bioactivity assessment of phlorotannins from some Phaeophyta species from the Red Sea
Authors: Ismail Mona M. , El Zokm Gehan M. , El Sikaily Amany M. , Selim Adel I. , Ismail Gehan A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractPhlorotannins are a unique and diverse category of secondary polyphenolic metabolites biosynthesized by brown seaweeds. They have revealed a huge potential for food and medicinal applications. In this study, five brown seaweed species were investigated: Polycladia myrica, Sirophysalis trinodis, Dictyota spiralis, Sargassum euryphyllum, and Turbinaria decurrens. All seaweed species contained considerable amounts of phlorotannins with P. myrica recording the highest content (as mg PGEs g−1 DW), followed by S. euryphyllum and then S. trinodis. The presence of phlorotannins was detected using UV–Vis spectroscopy analysis in the characterized range of 280 nm to 300 nm. All species exhibited highly significant antioxidant activity using four different techniques compared to ascorbic acid. For antidiabetic activity, the maximum α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity inhibition were recorded for P. myrica (68.79 ± 0.7%; 66.73 ± 0.5%), followed by T. decurrens (66.38 ± 0.6%; 61.34 ± 0.4%) and then D. spiralis (65.99 ± 0.5%; 60.58 ± 0.4%) compared to the acarbose standard drug (73.76 ± 0.6%; 68.38 ± 0.6%), which nominated these extracts as candidates for antidiabetic drugs. Moreover, the obtained results showed effective anti-inflammatory arthritis effects, with the maximum activity value of 86.02 ± 1.3% recorded for S. euryphyllum, followed by D. spiralis (86.23 ± 1.1%), and then P. myrica (85.94 ± 1.4%). On the other side, a low inhibition percentage of acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activity was recorded for different phlorotannin extracts, indicating low potentiality as anti-alzheimer materials. Moreover, the P. myrica phlorotannins’ extract showed no toxicity on the WISH normal cell line by using the MTT assay. The same extract comprised a variety of phlorotannins, viz fucophlorethol, fuhalol, and phlorethol compounds, as revealed by UPLC-MS/MS analysis.
Graphical Abstract
1H-detected characterization of carbon–carbon networks in highly flexible protonated biomolecules using MAS NMR
Authors: Bahri Salima , Safeer Adil , Adler Agnes , Smedes Hanneke , van Ingen Hugo , Baldus Marc 
Published: June 2023

AbstractIn the last three decades, the scope of solid-state NMR has expanded to exploring complex biomolecules, from large protein assemblies to intact cells at atomic-level resolution. This diversity in macromolecules frequently features highly flexible components whose insoluble environment precludes the use of solution NMR to study their structure and interactions. While High-resolution Magic-Angle Spinning (HR-MAS) probes offer the capacity for gradient-based 1H-detected spectroscopy in solids, such probes are not commonly used for routine MAS NMR experiments. As a result, most exploration of the flexible regime entails either 13C-detected experiments, the use of partially perdeuterated systems, or ultra-fast MAS. Here we explore proton-detected pulse schemes probing through-bond 13C–13C networks to study mobile protein sidechains as well as polysaccharides in a broadband manner. We demonstrate the use of such schemes to study a mixture of microtubule-associated protein (MAP) tau and human microtubules (MTs), and the cell wall of the fungus Schizophyllum commune using 2D and 3D spectroscopy, to show its viability for obtaining unambiguous correlations using standard fast-spinning MAS probes at high and ultra-high magnetic fields.
Patch size and connectivity predict remnant habitat occupancy by an endangered wetland specialist, the salt marsh harvest mouse
Authors: Aylward Cody M. , Barthman-Thompson Laureen , Bean William T. , Kelt Douglas A. , Sacks Benjamin N. , Statham Mark J. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
Context
The area-isolation paradigm of metapopulation theory predicts that larger and more connected patches have a higher probability of occupancy. Although it may be too simplistic for generalist terrestrial mammals, the area-isolation paradigm may be an effective tool for assessing patch-occupancy for habitat specialists.

Objectives
We tested predictions of the area-isolation paradigm for the endangered salt marsh harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris), a habitat specialist living in highly fragmented salt marsh habitat in the San Francisco Estuary (California, USA).

Methods
We surveyed for salt marsh harvest mice at 47 marsh patches throughout their range using a non-invasive genetic survey technique. We used occupancy modeling to estimate the effects of patch size, patch connectivity, matrix urbanization, and several habitat characteristics on occupancy probabilities. We evaluated occupancy at both coarse (e.g., among patches) and fine (e.g., within patches) spatial scales.

Results
Patch size, connectivity, and matrix urbanization had significant effects on patch-occupancy. Within patches, occupancy was positively related to the presence of high-tide escape vegetation. Our data also revealed the extirpation of several geographically distinct populations, consistent with expectations due to reduced patch sizes and connectivity over the past century.

Conclusions
Patterns of salt marsh harvest mouse patch-occupancy were consistent with the area-isolation paradigm. In addition, our models provide important guidelines of patch size and connectivity that can inform habitat conservation and restoration for this endangered species. Specifically, our data suggests that selecting restoration sites that are well-connected may be more beneficial than selecting larger, isolated sites.
Design of tunable notch filter based on plasmonic and InGaAsP waveguide
Authors: Abdelsamee Seham , Areed Nihal F. F. , El-Mikati Hamdi A. , Obayya S. S. A. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractA highly efficient compact tunable optical notch filter is proposed and analyzed using the 2D Finite Element Method (FEM). The proposed structure consists of a slanted stub plasmonic resonator, Metal–Insulator–Metal (MIM) waveguide, and InGaAsP as a third-order non-linear optical material. By altering the pumping state of the InGaAsP, the filtered wavelengths may be easily controlled continuously over 200 nm a range. The suggested notch filter can remove four narrow bands of wavelengths, each around 50 nm wide, and a transmission of about − 17 dB. The proposed filter’s key advantages are its high transmission coefficient and fabrication simplicity with compact size. For future integrated plasmonic devices such as outdoor visible light communications and optical imaging, the proposed filter can be manufactured using an oblique angle shadow evaporation technique.
Deep learning based BER improvement for NOMA-VLC systems with perfect and imperfect successive interference cancellation
Authors: Salama Wessam M. , Aly Moustafa H. , Amer Eman S. 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis paper focuses in the improvement of the BER performance of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems is investigated utilizing non-orthogonal multiple access-visible light communication (NOMA-VLC). Applying multi-user downlink MIMO-NOMA-VLC system within equal gain combiner at the receiver is used with two types of modulation; On–Off Keying (OOK) and L-Pulse Position Modulation, with L = 4 and 8. The perfect and imperfect successive interference cancellation scenario is used in this system, and the scenario is considered for two and three users. Our proposed framework is divided into two stages. First, data is collected using the MATLAB software. Second, two deep learning models (DLMs); ResNet50V2 and InceptionResNetV2 which are trained and tested. Python software is then used to develop and train the DLMs. The obtained results assures the superiority of ResNet50V2 over InceptionResNetV2, in different cases and for all users. The BER performance is also studied versus α for two and three users OOK modulation single-input single-output (SISO), (2 × 2) and (3 × 2) MIMO-NOMA-VLC systems based on the two DL techniques; ResNet50V2 and InceptionResNetV2. Again, ResNet50V2 achieves better results than InceptionResNetV2. The obtained results are compared with the previously published ones, showing that the proposed system and techniques achieve better results.
Sexual and Reproductive Health Education for Youth with Intellectual Disabilities: a Mixed Methods Study of Professionals’ Practices and Needs
Authors: Colarossi Lisa , Collier Kate L. , Dean Randa , Pérez Siana , Riquelme Marlene O. 
Published: June 2023

Abstract
We conducted formative research to inform the creation of innovative new tools and strategies to engage professionals in communicating with youth with intellectual disabilities about sexual health. The research was guided by a multidisciplinary network of experts and an advisory board of self-advocates with intellectual disabilities and caregivers that make up Project SHINE: the Sexual Health Innovation Network for Equitable Education. A cross-sectional mixed-methods study utilized survey data from 632 disability support professionals who provide services to youth ages 16–24 with intellectual disabilities (ID). We then conducted focus groups with 36 professionals to obtain more in-depth information related to organizational support needs and suitable contexts, methods, and tools for sexuality education. Participants included licensed/credentialed direct service professionals (social workers, nurses, teachers), non-licensed direct service providers (case managers, supportive care specialists, residential care line staff), and program administrators. Quantitative and qualitative data analyses triangulated the findings across four content areas: attitudes about providing sexual health information to youth with ID, preparedness to communicate about sexuality, current communication practices, and professional needs in the field for new teaching tools and methods. We discuss how findings can be used to guide the creation and successful implementation of innovative new sexual health learning tools for youth with intellectual disabilities.
Novel externalities
Authors: Cowen Nick , Schliesser Eric 
Published: June 2023

AbstractNovel externalities are social activities for which the emerging cost (or benefit) of the spillover is unknown and must be discovered. Negative novel externalities have regained international salience following the COVID-19 pandemic. Such cases frequently are invoked as evidence of the limits of liberal political economy for dealing with public emergencies. Through a re-reading of classical political economy with the modern state’s confrontation with infectious disease in mind, we defend the comparative efficacy of liberal democracy against authoritarian alternatives for coping with these social problems. Effective responses to novel externalities require producing and updating trustworthy public information and an independent scientific community to validate and interpret it. Those epistemic capacities are prevalent in liberal democratic regimes with multiple sources of political power, an independent civil society, and practices of academic freedom. Our analysis highlights the theoretical value of polycentrism and self-governance beyond their more familiar role, of increasing accountability and competition in the provision of local public goods, towards facilitating effective national policy.
An inexplicably good argument for causal finitism
Authors: Dagher Ibrahim 
Published: June 2023

AbstractCausal finitism, the view that the causal history of any event must be finite, has garnered much philosophical interest recently—especially because of its applicability to the Kalām cosmological argument. The most prominent argument for causal finitism is the Grim Reaper argument, which attempts to show that, if infinite causal histories are possible, then other paradoxical states of affairs must also be possible. However, this style of argument has been criticized on the grounds of (i) relying on controversial modal principles, and (ii) providing a false diagnosis of the paradoxes involved. In this paper, I develop a new kind of Grim Reaper argument immune to these criticisms. I show that, by using insights from the literature on time travel, causal finitists should instead argue that infinite causal histories are problematically inexplicable, as they entail the possibility of unexplained foiling mechanisms. The fruits of this paper are that (i) a novel supporting argument for the Kalām is developed, and (ii) along the way of building this argument, it is shown that the literatures on time travel and causal finitism are deeply and intimately connected.
Assessing the effects of publication requirements for professorship on research performance and publishing behaviour of Ukrainian academics
Authors: Abramo Giovanni , D’Angelo Ciriaco Andrea , Hladchenko Myroslava 
Published: June 2023

AbstractThis article aims to explore the effects of Ukrainian policy reform, introducing Scopus and WoS publication requirements for professorship, on the publication behaviour and research performance of professors. Our analysis reveals a better scientific profile, at the time of promotion, of those who obtained professorship after the reform as compared to those who obtained it before. Also, we observe a bandwagon effect since the research performance gap between the two observed cohorts decreased after the introduction of the publication requirements. The statistical difference in differences tests revealed that in general, the incentive to produce more indexed publications worked. Nevertheless, it did not always led to higher research performance. Evidently, in several cases, the increase in research output was obtained at the expense of research impact. The effects of the reform could be far greater if combined with initiatives aimed at assessing Ukrainian professor performance regularly and extending the requirements and assessment to the impact of research.
Skeletonizing Caenorhabditis elegans Based on U-Net Architectures Trained with a Multi-worm Low-Resolution Synthetic Dataset
Authors: Layana Castro Pablo E. , García Garví Antonio , Navarro Moya Francisco , Sánchez-Salmerón Antonio-José 
Published: June 2023

AbstractSkeletonization algorithms are used as basic methods to solve tracking problems, pose estimation, or predict animal group behavior. Traditional skeletonization techniques, based on image processing algorithms, are very sensitive to the shapes of the connected components in the initial segmented image, especially when these are low-resolution images. Currently, neural networks are an alternative providing more robust results in the presence of image-based noise. However, training a deep neural network requires a very large and balanced dataset, which is sometimes too expensive or impossible to obtain. This work proposes a new training method based on a custom-generated dataset with a synthetic image simulator. This training method was applied to different U-Net neural networks architectures to solve the problem of skeletonization using low-resolution images of multiple Caenorhabditis elegans contained in Petri dishes measuring 55 mm in diameter. These U-Net models had only been trained and validated with a synthetic image; however, they were successfully tested with a dataset of real images. All the U-Net models presented a good generalization of the real dataset, endorsing the proposed learning method, and also gave good skeletonization results in the presence of image-based noise. The best U-Net model presented a significant improvement of 3.32% with respect to previous work using traditional image processing techniques.