bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Exploring the Landscape of Generative AI (ChatGPT)-Powered Writing Instruction in English as a Foreign Language Education: A Scoping Review
Authors: Xiao (肖斐文) Feiwen , Zhu (朱思宇) Siyu , Xin (辛闻) Wen 
Published: January 2025

Purpose Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI)-powered technologies, particularly ChatGPT, have sparked significant interest in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) education. This review aims to explore the landscape of ChatGPT's application in EFL writing. Design/Approach/Method Given the nascence of this field, the study conducts a scoping review by analyzing 16 empirical studies published before December 2023 to investigate the role of ChatGPT in EFL writing. Findings The review explores the current and potential uses of ChatGPT in EFL writing, highlighting its dual role as both a writing assistant and an assessment tool. On one hand, ChatGPT is widely acknowledged for providing real-time feedback that enhances writing quality and efficiency. On the other hand, challenges and concerns remain prevalent. Originality/Value The findings reveal key gaps in the literature, such as the need for more interdisciplinary research, the adaptation of AI models to meet the linguistic and cultural needs of EFL learners, and the integration of multimodal AI tools. The review emphasizes the importance of critical thinking and information literacy training for educators and students while addressing ethical considerations. These insights offer a roadmap for future research and the practical implementation of AI in language education, providing valuable guidance for different stakeholders.
Genome-wide association study and genomic prediction of root system architecture traits in Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) at the seedling stage
Authors: Enyew Muluken , Geleta Mulatu , Tesfaye Kassahun , Seyoum Amare , Feyissa Tileye , Alemu Admas , Hammenhag Cecilia , Carlsson Anders S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Root system architecture (RSA) plays an important role in plant adaptation to drought stress. However, the genetic basis of RSA in sorghum has not been adequately elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the genetic bases of RSA traits through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and determine genomic prediction (GP) accuracy in sorghum landraces at the seedling stage. Phenotypic data for nodal root angle (NRA), number of nodal roots (NNR), nodal root length (NRL), fresh shoot weight (FSW), dry shoot weight (DSW), and leaf area (LA) were collected from 160 sorghum accessions grown in soil-based rhizotrons. The sorghum panel was genotyped with 5,000 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers for use in the current GWAS and GP studies. A multi-locus model, Fixed and random model Circulating Probability Unification (FarmCPU), was applied for GWAS analysis. For GP, ridge-regression best linear unbiased prediction (RR-BLUP) and five different Bayesian models were applied. A total of 17 SNP loci significantly associated with the studied traits were identified, of which nine are novel loci. Among the traits, the highest number of significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) was identified for nodal root angle on chromosomes 1, 3, 6, and 7. The SNP loci that explain the highest proportion of phenotypic variance (PVE) include sbi32853830 (PVE = 18.2%), sbi29954292 (PVE = 18.1%), sbi24668980 (PVE = 10.8%), sbi3022983 (PVE = 7%), sbi29897704 (PVE = 6.4%) and sbi29897694 (PVE = 5.3%) for the traits NNR, LA, SDW, NRA, NRL and SFW, respectively. The genomic prediction accuracy estimated for the studied traits using five Bayesian models ranged from 0.30 to 0.63 while it ranged from 0.35 to 0.60 when the RR-BLUP model was used. The observed moderate to high prediction accuracy for each trait suggests that genomic selection could be a feasible approach to sorghum RSA-targeted selection and breeding. Overall, the present study provides insights into the genetic bases of RSA and offers an opportunity to speed up breeding for drought-tolerant sorghum varieties.
Panic disorder during pregnancy and the first three years after delivery: a systematic review
Authors: Verhees F. Gerrik , Bendau Antonia , Unger Stefanie , Donix Katharina L. , Asselmann Eva , Martini Julia 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Panic disorder (PD) is highly prevalent during the peripartum period. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize evidence on risk factors and course patterns of peripartum PD as well as maternal, infant or dyadic outcomes during the first three years after delivery.

Methods
A literature search was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines. Inclusion criteria were: (1) a diagnosis of PD or panic attacks during pregnancy, (2) risk factors and course as well as maternal, infant or dyadic outcomes measured in pregnancy and/or up to 3 years postpartum (3) peer-reviewed articles in English or German published between 1980 and April 2024. After screening of n = 2,740 records, n = 75 records based on n = 64 projects were eligible for this systematic review.

Results
Overall, n = 47 studies investigated the course of PD during the peripartum period, n = 23 studies examined the associations of PD and obstetric, neonatal or infant outcomes, and n = 5 studies focused on the associations of PD and characteristics of the mother-infant dyad. We found (1) no common trajectory, but heterogeneous courses of maternal PD in the peripartum period, (2) associations of maternal PD with birth complications and subsequent postpartum depression, and (3) evidence for associations of PD with infant and dyadic outcomes.

Limitations
Diverse outcome measures in recent original publications did not allow for a meta-analytic approach.

Conclusion
Heterogenous courses and outcomes of peripartum PD require comprehensive monitoring of affected mothers and their infants. There is a need for further longitudinal investigations into familial transmission of anxiety disorders.
Evaluation of macular retinal oximetry across different levels of diabetic retinopathy: a cross sectional study
Authors: Smith Jennyffer D. , Sapoznik Kaitlyn A. , Bisignano Kelly , Benoit Julia , Harrison Wendy W. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
This study evaluates retinal oxygen saturation and vessel density within the macula and correlates these measures in controls and subjects with type 2 diabetes (DM) with (DMR) and without (DMnR) retinopathy. Changes in retinal oxygen saturation have not been evaluated regionally in diabetic patients.

Methods
Data from seventy subjects (28 controls, 26 DMnR, and 16 DMR were analyzed. For those with DMR,8 were mild/moderate diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and 8 severe NPDR/proliferative (PDR). Subjects were categorized with glycosylated hemoglobin A1c and fundus photography. Retinal oximetry measurements were performed within a 300–400 μm region at four diagonal locations 3.1 degrees from the center of the fovea in the superior nasal, superior temporal, inferior nasal, and inferior temporal locations adjacent to the foveal avascular zone (FAZ). Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was performed and corrected for refractive error. Photoshop and ImageJ were utilized to calculate the superficial capillary plexus vascular density (SCP). Oximetry and OCTA vessel density were analyzed overall and by region.

Results
Average retinal oxygen saturation was highest in DMR (p = 0.008). Average OCTA density was less in DMR compared to controls (p = 0.01), but not compared to DMnR subjects (p = 0.07). A significant inverse correlation was observed between averaged oxygen saturation and SCP vascular density for all subjects (p = 0.02). Duration of DM was positively associated with oxygen saturation (p = 0.01) and negatively with OCTA SCP vascular density (p = 0.009). There were no differential effects of retinal location.

Conclusion
To our knowledge, this study is the first to evaluate the relationship between macular oxygen saturation and SCP vascular density at different levels of retinopathy. This may be useful to track patients with DM as they move through stages of retinopathy.
Negative experiences with primary care services in Norway expressed in patient and next-of-kin complaints – a qualitative study
Authors: Eriksen Alison Axisa , Fredwall Terje Emil , Larsen Inger Beate 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Primary health care has been central to achieving universal health coverage. In Norway, there has been increased pressure on primary care services in recent years. Patient complaints offer key insights into care quality, and qualitative analysis of patient complaints can help healthcare professionals reflect on and improve their practices. The aim of this study is to provide an understanding of negative experiences with primary care in Norway, as expressed in complaints to the Health and Social Services Ombudsman (Ombudsman).

Methods
An explorative descriptive qualitative design was employed. Document analysis was used to examine earlier complaints. A total of 221 complaints were analysed via reflexive thematic analysis. The participants consisted of a sample of patients and next of kin who made complaints regarding primary care services to the Ombudsman in Norway in 2019.

Results
Four themes were developed through thematic analysis: 1) the services patients received did not align with their perceived needs; 2) patients experienced disrupted transitions between healthcare services; 3) patients and next of kin encountered substandard case handling; and 4) insufficient services placed a heavy burden on next of kin. These findings were integrated to a patient-centred framework to provide structure and make them more accessible to healthcare providers.

Conclusions
This study highlights the challenges faced by patients and their next of kin related to Norwegian primary care services, pointing to a gap between the expected quality of healthcare services and the services received and to nudging next of kin to provide informal care.
The association between physician sex and patient outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Heybati Kiyan , Chang Ashton , Mohamud Hodan , Satkunasivam Raj , Coburn Natalie , Salles Arghavan , Tsugawa Yusuke , Ikesu Ryo , Saka Natsumi , Detsky Allan S. , Ko Dennis T. , Ross Heather , Mamas Mamas A. , Jerath Angela , Wallis Christopher J. D. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Some prior studies have found that patients treated by female physicians may experience better outcomes, as well as lower healthcare costs than those treated by male physicians. Physician–patient sex concordance may also contribute to better patient outcomes. However, other studies have not identified a significant difference. There is a paucity of pooled evidence examining the association of physician sex with clinical outcomes.

Methods
This random-effects meta-analysis was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and prospectively registered on PROSPERO. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched from inception to October 4th, 2023, and supplemented by a hand-search of relevant studies. Observational studies enrolling adults (≥ 18 years of age) and assessing the effect of physician sex across surgical and medical specialties were included. The risk of bias was assessed using ROBINS-I. A priori subgroup analysis was conducted based on patient type (surgical versus medical). All-cause mortality was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included complications, hospital readmission, and length of stay.

Results
Across 35 (n = 13,404,840) observational studies, 20 (n = 8,915,504) assessed the effect of surgeon sex while the remaining 15 (n = 4,489,336) focused on physician sex in medical/anesthesia care. Fifteen studies were rated as having a moderate risk of bias, with 15 as severe, and 5 as critical. Mortality was significantly lower among patients of female versus male physicians (OR 0.95; 95% CI: 0.93 to 0.97; PQ = 0.13; I2 = 26%), which remained consistent among surgeon and non-surgeon physicians (Pinteraction = 0.60). No significant evidence of publication bias was detected (PEgger = 0.08). There was significantly lower hospital readmission among patients receiving medical/anesthesia care from female physicians (OR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.96 to 0.98). In a qualitative synthesis of 9 studies (n = 7,163,775), patient-physician sex concordance was typically associated with better outcomes, especially among female patients of female physicians.

Conclusions
Patients treated by female physicians experienced significantly lower odds of mortality, along with fewer hospital readmissions, versus those with male physicians. Further work is necessary to examine these effects in other care contexts across different countries and understand underlying mechanisms and long-term outcomes to optimize health outcomes for all patients.

Review registration
PROSPERO – CRD42023463577.
Screening for transcriptomic associations with Swine Inflammation and Necrosis Syndrome
Authors: Gerhards Katharina , Becker Sabrina , Kuehling Josef , Lechner Mirjam , Willems Hermann , Ringseis Robert , Reiner Gerald 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
The recently identified swine inflammation and necrosis syndrome (SINS) affects tail, ears, teats, coronary bands, claws and heels of affected individuals. The primarily endogenous syndrome is based on vasculitis, thrombosis, and intimal proliferation, involving defence cells, interleukins, chemokines, and acute phase proteins and accompanied by alterations in clinical chemistry, metabolome, and liver transcriptome. The complexity of metabolic alterations and the influence of the boar led to hypothesize a polygenic architecture of SINS. This should be investigated by a transcriptome study. For this purpose, the three to five least affected (SINS-low) and most SINS affected (SINS-high) 3d-old piglets, each of three boars, a relatively SINS stable Duroc boar (DU), a relatively stable Pietrain boar (PI+) and a highly susceptible Pietrain boar (PI-) were selected from 27 litters of mixed semen to minimize environmental effects.

Results
A genome-wide expression experiment revealed a huge set of differentially expressed genes that are involved in vasculitis, inflammation and necrosis, keratinization and erythrocyte epitopes. Among them were CRP, GYPA, S100A12, and LIPK. The results confirm and complement previous studies to this topic.

Conclusions
The results confirm the outstanding importance of defence in the context of SINS. At the same time, for the first time, there is evidence for a direct involvement of the keratinisation capacity of the skin and various epitopes of the erythrocyte membrane, which seem to be associated with the severity of SINS. These genes could serve to clarify the pathogenesis of the syndrome and to develop diagnostic tools in future studies.
Medical negligence compensation claims in knee meniscal surgery in Norway: a cross-sectional study
Authors: Øhrn Frank-David , Årøen Asbjørn , Aae Tommy Frøseth 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Meniscal surgery is one of the most frequent orthopaedic procedures performed worldwide. There is a wide range of possible treatment errors that can occur following meniscal surgery. In Norway, patients subject to treatment errors by hospitals and private institutions can file a compensation claim free of charge to the Norwegian System of Patient Injury Compensation (NPE). The purpose of this study was to systematically analyse compensation claims filed to the NPE following meniscal surgery and evaluate gender effects on accepted claims. Our hypothesis was that there was no gender difference in accepted claims.

Methods
We performed a cross-sectional study assessing all registered claims at the NPE after meniscal surgery from 2010 to 2020. The surgical procedures were stratified into subgroups following data collection. Data from the Norwegian Patient Registry were collected to obtain information on the numbers of the different procedures performed in hospitals and private institutions. We calculated frequencies and relative frequencies of categorical data. Differences in categorical data were calculated using the Pearson Chi-square test.

Results
The total number of meniscal resections and sutures in the study period was 119,528. A total of 372 compensation claims were filed, 241 male and 130 female. Of these, 152 (40.9%) claims were accepted, while 220 (59.1%) were rejected. The most frequent reasons for filing a compensation claim were pain (114), followed by infection (98), wrong technique (38) and impaired function/instability (25).There was a significant gender difference in the acceptance of claims in favour of men (121 vs. 31, p < 0.001). A sensitivity analysis excluding infection as reason for compensation claim found no gender difference (p = 0.16) in acceptance of claims.

Conclusion
Compensation claims after meniscal surgery are rare, with only 0.3% of patients filing a compensation claim. There was a marked preponderance of men with accepted claims due to a higher frequency of postoperative infections. Surgeons should be aware of this and take this into account in the decision-making before surgery.
First evidence of transovarial transmission of Kyasanur Forest disease virus in Haemaphysalis and Rhipicephalus ticks in the wild
Authors: Burthe Sarah J. , Kumbar Bhimanagoud , Schäfer Stefanie M. , Purse Bethan V. , Vanak Abi T. , Balakrishnan Natrajan , Hassall Richard , Hoti Subhash L. , Narayanaswamy Darshan , Potadar Santoshkumar , Rahman Mujeeb , Chanda Mohammed Mudassar 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Kyasanur forest disease virus (KFDV) is a tick-borne flavivirus causing debilitating and potentially fatal disease in people in the Western Ghats region of India. The transmission cycle is complex, involving multiple vector and host species, but there are significant gaps in ecological knowledge. Empirical data on pathogen-vector-host interactions and incrimination have not been updated since the last century, despite significant local changes in land use and the expansion of KFD to new areas. Mathematical models predict that transovarial transmission, whereby adult female ticks pass KFDV infections to their offspring, plays an important role in the persistence of KFD, but this has not been shown in the wild. Here we set out to establish whether transovarial transmission of KFDV was occurring under natural field conditions by assessing whether host-seeking larvae were positive for KFDV.

Methods
Ticks were sampled by dragging and flagging across a broad range of habitats within the agro-forest matrix at 49 sites in two districts: Shivamogga, Karnataka and Wayanad, Kerala (September 2018-March 2019), and larvae were tested for KFDV by PCR.

Results
In total, larval ticks from 7 of the 49 sites sampled tested positive for KFDV, indicating that transovarial transmission is occurring. Of the 13 KFDV-positive larval samples, 3 came from around houses and gardens, 5 from crops (3 from harvested rice paddy and 2 from areca plantation), 1 from teak plantation and 4 (2 from 1 transect) from forests. Five different tick species were found to have KFDV-positive larvae: Haemaphysalis spinigera, H. bispinosa, Rhipicephalus annulatus, R. microplus and an unidentifiable species of Haemaphysalis (no close match in GenBank).

Conclusions
Our empirical confirmation of transovarial transmission has important implications for understanding and predicting KFD dynamics, suggesting that ticks may act as a reservoir for KFDV. Moreover, small mammals and cattle may play crucial roles in transmission if small mammals are the main hosts for larvae infected via transovarial transmission, and cattle support large numbers of infected female adult ticks. This first report of transovarial transmission of KFDV, and within a hitherto undescribed range of vectors and habitats, will help disease managers improve KFD surveillance and mitigation strategies, ultimately leading to communities becoming more resilient to the risk of this tick-transmitted disease.

Graphical Abstract
Comparison of two point-of-care lung ultrasound techniques and their associated outcomes for bronchiolitis in the pediatric emergency department
Authors: Smith Jaron A. , Cooper Michael C. , Yen Kenneth , Reisch Joan , Stone Bethsabee S. 
Published: January 2025

Abstract

Background
Acute bronchiolitis (AB) is the most common lower respiratory tract infection in infants. Clinician diagnosis and management vary due to limited objective assessment tools. Point-of-care lung ultrasound (LUS) offers a promising diagnostic and prognostic tool in the emergency department (ED), however, the time to perform LUS is of concern in the emergency setting.

Methods
Infants ≤ 12 months diagnosed with AB in the emergency department were enrolled. Two LUS techniques were performed sequentially: a 12-segment “lawnmower” approach and a posterior paravertebral “waterfall” technique. LUS were scored (0–36 for lawnmower; 0–6 for waterfall). Respiratory support (RS) was categorized into three levels: no RS (room air), low RS (wall O2 or heated high flow nasal cannula < 1L/kg), and high RS (heated high flow nasal cannula ≥ 1L/kg or positive pressure). Clinical data, including RS at 12 and 24 h, maximum RS, disposition, and length of stay, were extracted via chart review and compared to mean LUS scores for each technique. Calculated areas under the curve (AUC) were compared using the Youden Index (J).

Results
82 infants were enrolled. The mean waterfall scanning time was 1.65 min (SD 0.55) compared to the lawnmower’s 7.65 min (SD 1.45). The difference between mean LUS scores for the waterfall technique was statistically significant for all disposition comparisons and nearly all RS comparisons. While the lawnmower AUC was greater than the waterfall AUC for all RS and disposition comparisons, the Youden Index (J) was statistically significantly different for only two of the eight comparisons.

Conclusion
The posterior-only LUS technique is faster than the lawnmower technique, provides comparable information for disposition, and has a stronger association with LOS, but is less associated with RS. The waterfall technique may be a suitable alternative to more time-intensive, thorough techniques.
Human epicardial organoids from pluripotent stem cells resemble fetal stage with potential cardiomyocyte- transdifferentiation
Authors: Wang Fanwen , Zou Xinle , Zheng Huilin , Kong Tianci , Pei Duanqing 
Published: January 2025

Abstract
Epicardium, the most outer mesothelium, exerts crucial functions in fetal heart development and adult heart regeneration. Here we use a three-step manipulation of WNT signalling entwined with BMP and RA signalling for generating a self-organized epicardial organoid that highly express with epicardium makers WT1 and TCF21 from human embryonic stem cells. After 8-days treatment of TGF-beta following by bFGF, cells enter into epithelium-mesenchymal transition and give rise to smooth muscle cells. Epicardium could also integrate and invade into mouse heart with SNAI1 expression, and give birth to numerous cardiomyocyte-like cells. Single-cell RNA seq unveils the heterogeneity and multipotency exhibited by epicardium-derived-cells and fetal-like epicardium. Meanwhile, extracellular matrix and growth factors secreted by epicardial organoid mimics the ecology of subepicardial space between the epicardium and cardiomyocytes. As such, this epicardial organoid offers a unique ground for investigating and exploring the potential of epicardium in heart development and regeneration.