bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Novel treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage with mechanical tissue resuscitation
Authors: Zheng Zhenlin , Brown Theodore , Adams Farren , Roberson Rebecca , Ma Rong , Wilson John A. , Morykwas Michael , Argenta Louis 
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE
The previous laboratory and clinical experience of the authors had demonstrated that application of controlled subatmospheric pressure directly to injured soft tissue can result in increased survival of compromised tissues. Mechanical tissue resuscitation (MTR) is a new concept evolving from these discoveries. The authors’ recent studies have demonstrated that traumatic brain injury tissue can also be salvaged. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of MTR application to injuries from intracerebral hemorrhages (ICHs) in a swine model.

METHODS
The ICHs in swine were simulated by infusion of autologous artery blood into the right frontal lobe. A specially designed silicone manifold device was introduced directly into the hematoma. Continuous negative pressure at −50 mm Hg was applied through this device. T2- and T2*-weighted MRI, histological H&E staining, and immunostaining were examined.

RESULTS
After 1 week of treatment, MTR significantly decreased gross hematoma volume by more than 60%, from 472.62 ± 230.19 mm3 in the nontreated group to 171.25 ± 75.38 mm3 in the MTR-treated group (p < 0.05). Total hypointense volumes measured on T2*-weighted MR images decreased from 791.99 ± 360.47 mm3 in the nontreated group to 371.16 ± 105.75 mm3 in the MTR-treated group (p < 0.05). The hyperintense area on the T2-weighted MR image decreased significantly from 2656.23 ± 426.26 mm3 in the nontreated group to 1816.66 ± 525.26 mm3 in the MTR-treated group (p < 0.05). When ICHs were treated with MTR for 2 weeks, the gross hematomas were reduced by 94%, from 112.23 ± 66.21 mm3 in the nontreated group to 6.12 ± 10.99 mm3 in the MTR-treated group (p = 0.003). MTR significantly decreased the total necrotic tissue volume in H&E staining from 120.42 ± 48.35 mm3 in the nontreated group to 60.94 ± 38.99 mm3 in the MTR-treated group (p < 0.05). The total hypointense volumes on T2*-weighted MR images were significantly reduced, from 385.54 ± 93.85 mm3 in the nontreated group to 220.54 ± 104.28 mm3 in the MTR-treated group (p < 0.05), while their mean T2 hyperintense volume decreased significantly from 2192.83 ± 728.27 mm3 in the nontreated group to 1366.97 ± 463.36 mm3 in the MTR-treated group (p < 0.05). Histology revealed that the capillary diameter in the reactive tissue rim adjacent to the hematoma increased in both the 1- and 2-week MTR-treated groups. Both von Willebrand factor and CD31 signals were detectable in endothelial cells within the hematoma cavity of both MTR-treated groups.

CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates that local continuous application of controlled subatmospheric pressure to an ICH can safely remove more than half of a clot in 1 week and more than 90% in 2 weeks.
Factors influencing geographic gender disparity in neurosurgery: a nationwide geospatial clustering analysis
Authors: Naik Anant , Peterman Nicholas , Furey Charuta , Paisan Gabriella , Catapano Joshua , Bhardwaj Drishti , Iyer Ankitha , Bederson Maria , Pappu Suguna , Snyder Laura , Stroink Ann , Lawton Michael T. , Arnold Paul M. 
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE
Women neurosurgeons (WNs) continue to remain a minority in the specialty despite significant initiatives to increase their representation. One domain less explored is the regional distribution of WNs, facilitated by the hiring practices of neurosurgical departments across the US. In this analysis, the authors coupled the stated practice location of WNs with regional geospatial data to identify hot spots and cold spots of prevalence and examined regional predictors of increases and decreases in WNs over time.

METHODS
The authors examined the National Provider Identifier (NPI) numbers of all neurosurgeons obtained via the National Plan and Provider Enumeration System (NPPES), identifying the percentage of WNs in each county for which data were appended with data from the US Census Bureau. Change in WN rates was identified by calculating a regression slope for all years included (2015–2022). Hot spots and cold spots of WNs were identified through Moran’s clustering analysis. Population and surgeon features were compared for hot spots and cold spots.

RESULTS
WNs constituted 10.73% of all currently active neurosurgical NPIs, which has increased from 2015 (8.81%). Three hot spots were found—including the Middle Atlantic and Pacific divisions—that contrasted with scattered cold spots throughout the East Central regions that included Memphis as a major city. Although relatively rapidly growing, hot spots had significant gender inequality, with a median WN percentage of 11.38% and a median of 0.61 WNs added to each respective county per year.

CONCLUSIONS
The authors analyzed the prevalence of WNs by using aggregated data from the NPPES and US Census Bureau. The authors also show regional hot spots of WNs and that the establishment of WNs in a region is a predictor of additional WNs entering the region. These data suggest that female neurosurgical mentorship and representation may be a major driver of acceptance and further gender diversity in a given region.
Decoding the clinical effects of low-grade glioma–induced cortical excitability
Authors: Catalino Michael P. , Noll Kyle R. , Wefel Jeffrey S. , Michener Hayley , Prinsloo Sarah , Tummala Sudhakar , Prabhu Sujit 
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE
Patients with low-grade glioma (LGG) in eloquent regions often present with seizures, and findings on detailed neuropsychological testing are often abnormal. This study evaluated the association between cortical excitability, seizures, and cognitive function in patients with LGG.

METHODS
LGG patients who underwent transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) from January 2021 to December 2022 were studied. Cortical excitability was measured using the resting motor thresholds (RMTs) of the upper and lower extremities. Early postoperative seizures served as the seizure endpoint. Neuropsychological assessment was completed prior to surgery contemporaneous with the TMS studies.

RESULTS
A total of 31 patients were analyzed for seizure outcome. Median (interquartile range [IQR]) upper-extremity RMT was 39% (34%–46%) of maximum stimulator output, and the median (IQR) lower-extremity RMT was 69% (51%–79%). Lower-extremity RMT was higher in patients with early postoperative seizures, especially in those with motor region tumors (p = 0.02); however, RMT was not associated with seizures at presentation or long-term seizure control. A total of 26 patients completed neuropsychological assessment. There were significant negative correlations between upper-extremity RMT and psychomotor processing speed (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale–Fourth Edition [WAIS-IV] Processing Speed Index r = −0.42, p = 0.031; WAIS-IV Coding r = −0.41, p = 0.036; WAIS-IV Symbol Search r = −0.39, p = 0.048), executive function (Trail Making Test Part B r = −0.41, p = 0.036), and hand dexterity (Grooved Pegboard Test r = −0.50, p = 0.047).

CONCLUSIONS
RMT was positively correlated with early postoperative seizure risk and negatively correlated with psychomotor processing speed, executive function, and hand dexterity. These findings support the theory of local and regional resting oscillatory network dysfunction from a glioma-brain network.
Intracranial invasive group A streptococcus: a neurosurgical emergency in children
Authors: Hutton Dana , Kameda-Smith Michelle , Afshari Fardad T. , Elawadly Ahmed , Hogg Florence , Mehta Samir , Samarasekara James , Aquilina Kristian , Jeelani Noor ul Owase , Tahir M. Zubair , Thompson Dominic , Tisdall Martin M. , Silva Adikarige Haritha Dulanka , Hatcher James , James Greg 
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE
Invasive group A streptococcus (iGAS) infections are associated with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. CNS involvement is rare, with iGAS accounting for only 0.2%–1% of all childhood bacterial meningitis. In 2022, a significant increase in scarlet fever and iGAS was reported globally with a displacement of serotype, causing a predominance of the emm1.0 subtype. Here, the authors report on iGAS-related suppurative intracranial complications requiring neurosurgical intervention and prolonged antibiotic therapy.

METHODS
The authors performed a retrospective chart review of consecutive cases of confirmed GAS in pediatric neurosurgical patients.

RESULTS
Five children with a median age of 9 years were treated for intracranial complications of GAS infection over a 2-month period between November 2022 and December 2022. All patients had preceding illnesses, including chicken pox and upper respiratory tract infections. Infections included subdural empyema with associated encephalitis (n = 2), extradural empyema (n = 1), intracranial abscess (n = 1), and diffuse global meningoencephalitis (n = 1). Streptococcus pyogenes was cultured from 4 children, and 2 were of the emm1.0 subtype. Antimicrobial therapy in all patients included a third-generation cephalosporin but varied in adjunctive therapy, often including a toxin synthesis inhibitor antibiotic such as clindamycin. Neurological outcomes varied; 3 patients returned to near neurological baseline, 1 had significant residual neurological deficits, and 1 patient died.

CONCLUSIONS
Despite the worldwide increased incidence, intracranial complications remain rarely reported resulting in a lack of awareness of iGAS-related intracranial disease. Awareness of intracranial complications of iGAS and prompt referral to a pediatric neurology/neurosurgical center is crucial to optimize neurological outcomes.
Implication of nutritional status for adverse outcomes after surgery for metastatic spine tumors
Authors: Rigney Grant H. , Massaad Elie , Kiapour Ali , Razak Shahaan S. , Duvall Julia B. , Burrows Akeive , Khalid Syed I. , De La Garza Ramos Rafael , Tobert Daniel G. , Williamson Theresa , Shankar Ganesh M. , Schoenfeld Andrew J. , Shin John H. 
Published: July 2023

OBJECTIVE
Surgery for metastatic spinal tumors can have a substantial impact on patients’ quality of life by alleviating pain, improving function, and correcting spinal instability when indicated. The decision to operate is difficult because many patients with cancer are frail. Studies have highlighted the importance of preoperative nutritional status assessments; however, little is known about which aspects of nutrition accurately inform clinical outcomes. This study investigates the interaction and prognostic importance of various nutritional and frailty measures in patients with spinal metastases.

METHODS
A retrospective analysis of consecutive patients who underwent surgery for spinal metastases between 2014 and 2020 at the Massachusetts General Hospital was performed. Patients were stratified according to the New England Spinal Metastasis Score (NESMS). Frailty was assessed using the metastatic spinal tumor frailty index. Nutrition was assessed using the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), preoperative body mass index, albumin, albumin-to-globulin ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio. Outcomes included postoperative survival and complication rates, with focus on wound-related complications.

RESULTS
This study included 154 individuals (39% female; mean [SD] age 63.23 [13.14] years). NESMS 0 and NESMS 3 demonstrated the highest proportions of severely frail patients (56.2%) and nonfrail patients (16.1%), respectively. Patients with normal nutritional status (albumin-to-globulin ratio and PNI) had a better prognosis than those with poor nutritional status when stratified by NESMS. Multivariable regression adjusted for NESMS and frailty showed that a PNI > 40.4 was significantly associated with decreased odds of 90-day complications (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.85–0.98). After accounting for age, sex, primary tumor pathology, physical function, nutritional status, and frailty, a preoperative nutrition consultation was associated with a decrease in postoperative wound-related complications (average marginal effect −5.00%; 95% CI −1.50% to −8.9%).

CONCLUSIONS
The PNI was most predictive of complications and may be a key biomarker for risk stratification in the 90 days following surgery. Nutrition consultation was associated with a reduced risk of wound-related complications, attesting to the importance of this preoperative intervention. These findings suggest that nutrition plays an important role in the postsurgical course and should be considered when developing a treatment plan for spinal metastases.
Studi Eksperimental Pengujian Arus Pada Brushless Motor Rotomax 150cc
Authors: Prasetiyo Erwan Eko , Irmawan Erwhin , Ratnadila Novika 
Published: July 2023

Perkembangan teknologi saat ini sangat pesat, terutama dalam bidang transportasi baik darat, laut, maupun udara. Pesawat tanpa awak merupakan salah satu hasil dari pengembangan teknologi transportasi. Pesawat tanpa awak ini sudah sudah banyak digunakan untuk membantu diberbagai bidang, seperti sipil, militer dan kesehatan. Pesawat ini memiliki berbagai macam sistem propulsi, ada yang menggunakan elektrik sebagai sumber tenaganya dan ada juga yang menggunakan bahan bakar. Pada pesawat tanpa awak yang akan digunakan untuk pengujian ini menggunakan sistem propulsi elektrik sebagai sumber tenaganya, yaitu menggunakan baterai 16000mAh. Penggunaan baterai juga menjadi salah satu cara untuk penghematan energi bahan bakar dan agar lebih ramah lingkungan. Tujuan dari pengujian ini adalah untuk mengetahui arus yang bekerja pada brushless motor DC bila diberikan tegangan yang bervariasi. Selain karena ingin mengetahui seberapa besar arus yang bekerja pada brushless motor, pengujian ini juga untuk mengamati pengaruh tegangan terhadap RPM yang dihasilkan. Tegangan yang digunakan adalah 25V, 24V dan 23V kemudian diuji pada beberapa tingkatan RPM mulai dari 500 RPM hingga maksimal RPM yang dapat dihasilkan pada tegangan tersebut. Motor yang digunakan pada pesawat tanpa awak ini yaitu BLDC (Brushless DC Motor) 150cc, kemudian menggunakan ESC (Electronic Speed controller) 300A, dengan propeler yang digunakan yaitu multistar carbon fiber berukuran 30*8 inch. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen. Hasil dari pengujian ini yaitu pada tegangan 25V arus yang dihasilkan lebih tinggi dari pada tegangan 24V dan 23V. Pada tegangan 25V arus yang dihasilkan mencapai 13,2A, pada 24V yaitu 12,6V dan pada 23V adalah 12,33V. Terlihat pada tegangan 25V dan 24V menghasilkan 3200 RPM, sedangkan pada tegangan 23V hanya mencapai 3100 RPM.
ANALISIS UMUR KELELAHAN STRUKTUR RUANG MUAT KAPAL SPOB AKIBAT BEBAN SLOSHING
Authors: Wulandari Amalia Ika 
Published: July 2023

Kapal self-propeller oil barge (SPOB) yang merupakan jenis kapal khusus untuk mengangkut muatan minyak mentah yang memiliki penggerak sendiri yang dapat menekan biaya operasional dalam pendistribusian. Menurut data dari International Energy Agency (IEA), pada tahun 2023 kebutuhan minyak dunia meningkat menjadi 100.4 juta barel. Karena peningkatan kebutuhan minyak dunia yang meningkat, maka proses eksplorasi dan eksploitasi juga ikut meningkat sehingga kapal ini juga pengoperasian pelayarannya meningkat. Selama pelayaran, kapal diharuskan mampu bertahan dikondisi beban muatan berulang yang terjadi selama pelayaran. Beban muatan berulang yang terjadi secara terus menerus dapat mengakibatkan kelelahan pada struktur kapal dan akan membahayakan kapal. Maka diperlukan analisis fatigue life terhadap konstruksi struktur kapal. Penelitian dilakukan dengan memvariasikan beban muatan kapal dengan variasi 40%, 50%, 60%, dan 70% menggunakan metode elemen hingga. Hasil penelitian didapatkan nilai tegangan maksimal dari variasi beban muatan 70% adalah 117,08 MPa dengan fatigue life 38,57 tahun, beban muatan 60% adalah 114,74 Mpa dengan fatigue life 42,55 tahun, beban muatan 50% adalah 96,025 Mpa dengan fatigue life 80,28 tahun, dan beban muatan 40% adalah 96,01 Mpa dengan fatigue life 83,14 tahun.
ANALISIS POTENSI SUMBER MATA AIR SEBAGAI PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN AIR BERSIH DI KABUPATEN MAJENE
Authors: Saudi Akbar Indrawan 
Published: July 2023

Mata air merupakan sumber air tanah yang mengalir dan keluar dari akuifer atau belahan batu menuju permukaan tanah yang menjadi sumber air bersih yang juga digunakan sebagai sumber air minum. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kualitas air dan besar potensi sumber mata air yang ada di Kecamatan Banggae dan Banggae Timur Kabupaten Majene, serta sebagai informasi bagi masyarakat dalam pemanfaatan sumber mata air yang digunakan sebagai air minum. Metode yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dan kualitatif dimana pengambilan sampel lokasi penelitian ditentukan berdasarkan hasil wawancara dan pengujian sampel mata air secara kimiawi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diketahui bahwa ada satu dari tiga lokasi sumber mata air yang berpotensi memenuhi kebutuhan air masyarakat hingga tahun 2025 yaitu di Desa Pamboborang dimana banyaknya air yang tersedia sebesar 36,288 liter/hari dengan kebutuhan air sebesar 27.480 liter/hari sedangkan potensi sumber mata air di Desa Galung Barat tidak mampu untuk memenuhi kebutuhan air masyarakat tersebut dimana ketersediaan air di Desa Galung Barat sebanyak 35.424 liter/hari dan kebutuhan air yang dibutuhkan sebanyak 51.720 liter/hari begitupun dengan Desa Lemba Lembang dimana ketersediaan air sebanyak 5.184 liter/hari sedangkan kebutuhan airnya sebesar 39.180 liter/hari. Terkait kualitas air yang ada pada lokasi Desa Pamboboran, Galung Barat dan Lemba Lembang tidak 100% dapat dikonsumsi secara langsung, perlu dilakukan beberapa treatment untuk mengurangi kandungan yang berlebih terutama pada kandungan Mn, Ecoli serta Bakteri Total Coliform pada air tersebut, untuk itu diharapkan masyarakat dapat melakukan pengolahan terlebih dahulu terhadap air sebelum dikonsumsi secara langsung.
PENGARUH VARIASI KOMPOSISI AGREGAT KASAR TERHADAP SIFAT MEKANIK BETON
Authors: Dasar Amry 
Published: July 2023

Pertumbuhan industri konstruksi semakin pesat terutama di bidang material, salah satunya penggunaan material beton untuk bahan konstruksi. Gradasi agregat kasar memegang peranan penting untuk menentukan mutu beton yang memiliki kinerja tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui komposisi terbaik pada variasi pencampuran dua jenis ukuran agregat kasar terhadap sifat mekanik beton yaitu kuat tekan beton dan kuat belah beton. Variasi agregat kasar pada campuran beton yang digunakan yaitu ukuran 0,5-1 cm dan 1-2 cm dengan perbandingan 100% : 0%, 70% : 30%, 60% : 40%, 50% : 50%, 40% : 60%, 30% : 70% dan 0% :100%. Faktor Air Semen (FAS) yang digunakan yaitu 0.4. Sebanyak 63 benda uji silinder dengan diameter 10 cm dan tinggi 20 cm digunakan pada penelitian ini. Pengujian kuat tekan beton dilakukan pada umur 7 hari dan 28 hari sedangkan pengujian kuat belah beton dilakukan pada umur 28 hari. Hasil penelitian didapatkan proporsi terbaik variasi ukuran agregat kasar yaitu kombinasi ukuran 0,5-1 cm 50% dan ukuran 1-2 cm 50% (A50B50) dengan kuat tekan pada umur 28 hari sebesar 45,17 Mpa dengan peningkatan kuat tekan sebesar 21,7% dan 37,44% terhadap benda uji masing-masing A100B0 dan A0B100.
The Effectiveness of Reciprocal Teaching Method on Students’ Reading Comprehension in Descriptive Text
Authors: Abrori Alfina , Hifdil Islam Muhammad , Hamdani Beny 
Published: July 2023

This research aims to investigate whether the students who are taught reading in descriptive text through Reciprocal Teaching Method achieve better in reading ability than those who are taught through Conventional Teaching Method and to explain about the advantages that students will get when using Reciprocal Teaching Method in improving students’ reading comprehension . The design of this study was quasi experimental, control class, pretest-posttest because it was conducted in two classrooms. The subjects of the study are tenth grade high school students consisting of 28 students in MAN 2 Probolinggo. They are divided into two classes, namely control class consists of 14 students and experimental class consists of 14 students. The data analysis used Independent T-Test. Based on the result of the calculation of post-test from experimental and control groups, the alternative hypothesis (Ha) was accepted. The result of the study shows that the use of the Reciprocal Teaching Method can improve the students’ reading ability. The Reciprocal Teaching Method gives the students more advantages in improving reading skills compared to Conventional Teaching Method. It proves the hypothesis of the study that students who are taught reading through the Reciprocal Teaching method achieve better in reading ability than those who are taught through Conventional Teaching Method. With the advantages gained from the Reciprocal Teaching Method, students can easily to understand and improve their reading ability. Based on this result, it can be concluded that the Reciprocal Teaching Method can be used as an alternative method to teach reading, so that the students are able to understand the texts comprehensively. It also makes the students more active in the teaching learning process and can improve their ability as well.
Any Target Value of LDL-cholesterol before Elective PCI? A study at NICVD on Association of LDL-Cholesterol levels with Myocardial Injury during Elective PCI
Authors: Hasan Md Zahid , Hashem Sabina , Ahmed Mohsin , Haque Md Monsurul , Jahan Jafrin , Kabir Md Khairul , Hosen Md Imam , Shadly Tausif Amim 
Published: July 2023

Background: Raised LDL cholesterol has already been established as a strong risk factor the for pathogenesis of atherosclerotic plaque leading to coronary heart disease. During PCI procedure, many patients develop peri-procedural myocardial injury due to mainly atherosclerotic plaque disruption, side branch occlusion and distal small vessel embolization which subsequently affects the mortality and morbidity of patients.
Objectives: To find out the association of preprocedural LDL cholesterol levels with myocardial injury in elective PCI patients.
Methods: This Cross-sectional observational study was conducted at National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Dhaka from July 2020 to June 2021. The sample size was 170. LDL cholesterol and troponin-I were measured before the procedure and troponin I was measured 6 hours after PCI procedure. On the basis of pre-procedural cholesterol level, the study population were categorized into two groups: Group I: patients with normal LDL-C level (£70mg/dl) and Group II :patients with raised LDL-C (>70mg/dl).
Results: Total 54(31.8%) patients developed peri-procedural myocardial injury, among them 15(19.7%) were in normal LDL-C group and 39(41.5%) were in raised LDL-C group. Elevation of troponin I after PCI was higher in group II than group I patients with statistically significant difference (p<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that raised LDL-C was an independent predictor of PMI (OR 4.71; 95% CI, 2.072- 10.658; p<0.001). There was positive correlation found between pre-procedural LDL-C and myocardial injury (r=0.44, p<0.001) by Pearson’s correlation coefficient test.
Conclusion: Pre-procedural raised LDL-C level was positively and independently associated with myocardial injury after elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Bangladesh Heart Journal 2023; 38(1): 70-80