bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effects of astragaloside IV on glucocorticoid‐induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head via regulating Akt‐related pathways
Authors: Shan Haojie , Lin Yiwei , Yin Fuli , Pan Chenhao , Hou Jianzhong , Wu Tianyi , Xia Wenyang , Zuo Rongtai , Cao Bojun , Jiang Chaolai , Zhou Zubin , Yu Xiaowei 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe investigated the role of astragaloside IV (AS‐IV) in preventing glucocorticoid‐induced avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Network pharmacology was used to predict the molecular targets of AS‐IV. Molecular dynamic simulations were performed to explore the binding mechanism and interaction mode between AS‐IV and Akt. Rat models of glucocorticoid‐induced ANFH with AS‐IV intervention were established, and osteogenesis, angiogenesis, apoptosis and oxidative stress were evaluated before and after blocking the PI3K/Akt pathway with LY294002. The effects of glucocorticoid and AS‐IV on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells incubated with and without LY294002 were determined. Downregulated p‐Akt expression could be detected in the femoral heads of glucocorticoid‐induced ANFH patients and rats. AS‐IV increased trabecular bone integrity and vessel density of the femoral head in the model rats. AS‐IV increased Akt phosphorylation and upregulated osteogenesis‐, angiogenesis‐, apoptosis‐ and oxidative stress‐related proteins and mRNA and downregulated Bax, cleaved caspase‐3 and cytochrome c levels. AS‐IV promoted human umbilical vein endothelial cell migration, proliferation and tube formation ability; bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation; and osteogenic differentiation under glucocorticoid influence. AS‐IV inhibited apoptosis. LY294002 inhibited these effects. AS‐IV prevented glucocorticoid‐induced ANFH by promoting osteogenesis and angiogenesis via the Akt/Runx2 and Akt/HIF‐1α/VEGF pathways, respectively, and suppressing apoptosis and oxidative stress via the Akt/Bad/Bcl‐2 and Akt/Nrf2/HO‐1 pathways, respectively.
Rapid on‐site evaluation improves the sensitivity of endoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) for solid pancreatic lesions irrespective of technique: A single‐centre experience
Authors: Milluzzo Sebastian Manuel , Olivari Nicola , Rossi Giulio , Bianchi Denise , Liserre Barbara , Graffeo Massimo , Lovera Mauro , Correale Loredana , Hassan Cesare , Spada Cristiano 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectiveEndoscopic ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration (EUS‐FNA) is the first‐line technique for the sampling of pancreatic lesions. Many factors can influence the diagnostic performance of this procedure, including the use of rapid on‐site evaluation (ROSE). The primary aim of this study was to compare the adequacy, diagnostic yield, accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of EUS‐FNA for solid pancreatic lesions before and after the introduction of ROSE.MethodsThis retrospective single‐centre study evaluated all consecutive patients who underwent EUS‐FNA for suspicious, solid pancreatic masses from April 2012 to March 2015. We compared the findings of EUS‐FNA procedures performed during the first and second years following the adoption of ROSE (“ROSE1” and “ROSE2”, respectively) to those performed the year before ROSE introduction (the “pre‐ROSE” group).ResultsNinety‐one consecutive patients with a total of 93 pancreatic lesions were enrolled. For the pre‐ROSE, ROSE1 and ROSE2 groups, the adequacy rates were 96.2%, 96.6% and 100%, the diagnostic yield values were 76.9%, 89.7% and 92.1% and accuracy values were 69.2%, 86.2% and 89.5% (p = NS). Sensitivity for malignancy improved from 63.7% in the pre‐ROSE group to 91.7% and 91.2% in the post‐ROSE groups (p < 0.05). Specificity for malignancy was 100% in all groups.ConclusionsROSE can improve the diagnostic performance of EUS‐FNA for solid pancreatic lesions, although only sensitivity reached statistical significance.
Cardiovascular comorbidity in psoriasis – psoriatic inflammation is more than just skin deep
Authors: Kommoss Katharina S. , Enk Alexander , Heikenwälder Mathias , Waisman Ari , Karbach Susanne , Wild Johannes 
Published: April 2023

SummaryBackgroundThere is a growing understanding of inflammation in psoriasis beyond its dermatological manifestation, towards systemic inflammation. Management of possible comorbidities encompassing psychological, metabolic and cardiovascular disease is recommended in national and international dermatology guidelines for treatment of psoriasis patients. Vice versa, psoriasis is being recognized as a new risk factor for cardiovascular inflammation within the cardiological community.MethodsA review of the literature was conducted. Key points regarding epidemiological, mechanistic and management aspects were summarized and put into context for physicians treating psoriasis patients.ResultsEfforts are currently being made to better understand the mechanistic underpinnings of systemic inflammation within psoriatic inflammation. Studies looking to “hit two birds with one stone” regarding specifically cardiovascular comorbidities of psoriasis patients using established systemic dermatological therapies have so far provided heterogeneous data. The diagnosis of psoriasis entails preventive and therapeutic consequences regarding concomitant diseases for the individual patient.ConclusionsThe knowledge of comorbidities in psoriasis calls for pronounced interdisciplinary care of psoriasis patients, to which this article highlights efforts regarding vascular inflammation and cardiovascular disease.
The interface targeting hnRNPA2B1 regulates the repression of transthyretin against human retinal microvascular endothelial cells in high‐glucose environment
Authors: Tian Yikun , Ye Lu , Shao Jun , Xin Yu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe interaction between transthyretin (TTR) and heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)A2B1 is involved in the neovascularization of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (hRECs) under hyperglycemic conditions. However, whether the TTR‐hnRNPA2B1 interface can be altered and how this protein–protein interaction and associated downstream pathways are regulated is unclear.MethodsWe performed homologous sequential analysis and binding energy assays using Discovery Studio and designed substitution targeting three fragments of the interface (fragment 1: aa 34–39, ‐RKAADD‐; fragment 2, aa 61–68, ‐EEEFVEGI‐; and fragment 3, aa 96–102, ‐TANDSGP‐) to disrupt or stabilize the TTR‐hnRNPA2B1 complex and were subjected to Co‐immunoprecipitation analysis. To investigate the effect of TTR‐hnRNPA2B1 interface alterations on the physiological properties of hRECs, we performed CCK‐8, EdU, migration, wound healing and tube formation assays. To study the downstream genes, we performed qRT‐PCR and western blot.ResultsNineteen TTR substitutions were recombinantly expressed in soluble form, results indicated that reducing the binding energy stabilized the TTR‐hnRNPA2B1, while increasing the binding energy had the opposite effect. The native TTR significantly prohibited the proliferation, DNA synthesis, migration and tube formation capacities of hRECs, while fragment 1 always reduced these effects. However, the I68R and D99R substitutions in fragments 2 and 3, respectively, increased the inhibitory effect of TTR. Furthermore, our qRT‐PCR and western blot results showed that the expression and protein levels of STAT‐4, miR‐223‐3p and FBXW7 were also regulated by the alteration of the TTR‐hnRNPA2B1 interface.ConclusionThis work suggests that the formation of the TTR‐hnRNPA2B1 complex plays vital role in hyperglycemia, and modification of this interface regulates the TTR‐mediated inhibition of hREC neovascularization via the STAT‐4/miR‐223‐3p/FBXW7 pathway. This mechanism could have important implications for diabetic retinopathy treatment.
Vox Populi, Vox Dei? Tacit collusion in politics
Authors: Johansson Christian , Kärnä Anders , Meriläinen Jaakko 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe study competition between political parties in repeated elections with probabilistic voting. This model entails multiple equilibria, and we focus on cases where political collusion occurs. When parties hold different opinions on some policy, they may take different policy positions that do not coincide with the median voter's preferred policy platform. In contrast, when parties have a mutual understanding on a particular policy, their policy positions may converge (on some dimension) but not to the median voter's preferred policy. That is to say, parties can tacitly collude with one another, despite political competition. Collusion may collapse, for instance, after the entry of a new political party. This model rationalizes patterns in survey data from Sweden, where politicians on different sides of the political spectrum take different positions on economic policy but similar positions on refugee intake—diverging from the average voter's position, but only until the entry of a populist party.
Survey of patients and parents on the autotransplantation of developing premolars to replace traumatised maxillary incisors
Authors: Plakwicz Adela Maria , Majdanik‐Bojarczuk Wioletta , Czochrowska Ewa Monika , Kowalski Jan , Plakwicz Paweł 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackground/AimThere is a little research on the experiences and opinions of patients who have had autotransplantation of a tooth. The aim of the study was to assess the satisfaction of patients who underwent the autotransplantation of a developing premolar to replace a traumatised maxillary central incisor.Materials and methodsEighty patients (with a mean age of 10.7‐years) and 32 parents were surveyed with 13 and 7 questions, respectively, to determine their opinions about the surgery, post‐operative period, orthodontic and restorative treatment they had received.ResultsPatients and their parents were very satisfied with the outcomes of the autotransplantation treatment. The majority of patients and all parents declared that they would choose this treatment again if needed. Patients who already had aesthetic restoration of the transplanted toothscored significantly better in position, similarity to other teeth, alignment and aesthetics, when compared to patients before restoration of the premolar to the shape of incisor. Patients after orthodontic treatment considered the alignment of the transplanted tooth between the adjacent teeth as better when compared to patients before or during their orthodontic treatment.ConclusionsAutotransplantation of developing premolars to replace traumatized maxillary central incisors proved to be a well‐accepted treatment option. A delay of restoration of the transplanted premolars to the shape of the maxillary incisors did not have a negative impact on the satisfaction with the treatment.
Forms of nitrogen inputs regulate the intensity of soil acidification
Authors: Wang Ze , Tao Tingting , Wang Hu , Chen Ji , Small Gaston E. , Johnson David , Chen Jihui , Zhang Yingjun , Zhu Qichao , Zhang Shengmin , Song Yantao , Kattge Jens , Guo Peng , Sun Xiao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSoil acidification induced by reactive nitrogen (N) inputs can alter the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems. Because different N‐transformation processes contribute to the production and consumption of H+, the magnitude of acidification likely depends on the relative amounts of organic N (ON) and inorganic N (IN) inputs. However, few studies have explicitly measured the effects of N composition on soil acidification. In this study, we first conducted a meta‐analysis to test the effects of ON or IN inputs on soil acidification across 53 studies in grasslands. We then compared soil acidification across five different ON:IN ratios and two input rates based on long‐term field N addition experiments. The meta‐analysis showed that ON had weaker effects on soil acidification than IN when the N addition rate was above 20 g N m−2 year−1. The field experiment confirmed the findings from meta‐analysis: N addition with proportions of ON ≥ 20% caused less soil acidification, especially at a high input rate (30 g N m−2 year−1). Structural equation model analysis showed that this result was largely due to a relatively low rate of H+ production from ON as NH3 volatilization and uptake of ON and NH4+ by the dominant grass species Leymus chinensis (which are both lower net contributors to H+ production) result in less NH4+ available for nitrification (which is a higher net contributor to H+ production). These results indicate that the evaluation of soil acidification induced by N inputs should consider N forms and manipulations of relative composition of N inputs may provide an effective approach to alleviate the N‐induced soil acidification.
Research‐teaching nexus: The new answer to the old question
Authors: Krakovich Victor , Coates Dennis , Shakina Elena 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe study tests 3 research hypotheses on the teaching‐research nexus using the administrative data of the HSE University in Russia for 7 years. We confirmed the hypothesis that a lower classroom teaching load is associated with higher research output. Undergraduate courses have a relatively higher negative effect, especially on the probability of producing research output at all. A higher concentration of teaching in some semesters or quarters looks rather ineffective as a way to stimulate higher research productivity. Only a moderate share of English‐taught classes (about 20% of the teaching load) is associated with higher research output and only for publications in good international journals. The empirical part of the study is based on zero‐inflated Poisson and zero‐inflated negative binomial models. This study comes to contribute to the development of literature discussing a mechanism and possible implications in teaching load composition as an essential part of the academic contract.
Intraosseous hibernoma: clinicopathologic and imaging analysis of 18 cases
Authors: Gangahar Chiraag N , Dehner Carina A , Wang David P , Amini Behrang , Hillen Travis , O'Conor Christopher , Jennings Sydney N , Byrnes Kathleen , Montgomery Elizabeth A , Czerniak Bogdan A , Bridge Julia A , Schroeder Molly C , Jennings Jack W , Wang Wei‐Lien , Chrisinger John S A 
Published: April 2023

AimsIntraosseous hibernomas are rarely reported tumours with brown adipocytic differentiation of unknown aetiology, with only 38 cases documented in the literature. We sought to further characterise the clinicopathologic, imaging and molecular features of these tumours.Methods and resultEighteen cases were identified occurring in eight females and 10 males (median age = 65 years, range = 7–75). Imaging indication was cancer surveillance/staging in 11 patients and clinical concern for a metastasis was raised in 13 patients. The innominate bone (7), sacrum (5), mobile spine (4), humerus (1) and femur (1) were involved. Median tumour size was 1.5 cm (range = 0.8–3.8). Tumours were sclerotic (11), mixed sclerotic and lytic (4) or occult (1). Microscopically, tumours were composed of large polygonal cells with distinct cell membranes, finely vacuolated cytoplasm, central or paracentral small bland nuclei with prominent scalloping. Growth around trabecular bone was observed. Tumour cells were immunoreactive for S100 protein (15/15) and adipophilin (5/5), while negative for keratin AE1/AE3(/PCK26) (0/14) and brachyury (0/2). Chromosomal microarray analysis, performed on four cases, did not show clinically significant copy number variation across the genome or on 11q, the site of AIP and MEN1.ConclusionAnalysis of 18 cases of intraosseous hibernoma, to our knowledge, the largest series to date, revealed that these tumours are most often detected in the spine and pelvis of older adults. Tumours were generally small, sclerotic and frequently found incidentally and can raise concern for metastasis. Whether or not these tumours are related to soft tissue hibernomas is uncertain.
Crisis plans in mental health: A scoping review
Authors: Cassivi Christine , Sergerie‐Richard Sophie , Saint‐Pierre Benoît , Goulet Marie‐Hélène 
Published: April 2023

AbstractCrisis situations are frequent among people with mental health disorders. Several interventions have been developed to act in prevention, including crisis plans recognized as particularly effective in reducing coercive measures. In the literature, several models of crisis plans are proposed with similar aims and contents. Based on the methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute, a scoping review was conducted to map the state of knowledge on crisis plans in adult mental health settings. The literature search conducted on six databases (CINAHL, PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, PsychINFO and Cochrane) yielded 2435 articles. Of these, 122 full‐text articles were assessed for eligibility, and 78 met the inclusion criteria. Studies were critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tools, and data were extracted by two independent reviewers. Content analysis identified a typology of crisis plans: (1) the legal crisis plan and (2) the formal crisis plan. Five modalities were identified for its completion: the sections, the moment, the completion steps, the people involved and the training of key actors. Most identified outcomes are consistent with the main purpose of the intervention, which is crisis prevention. However, the most identified outcomes focused on the service user's recovery and indicated that crisis plans could provide an opportunity to operationalize recovery in mental healthcare, thus suggesting an evolution in the aim of the intervention. Future research should further focus on the modalities of crisis plans to guide the implementation in clinical practice.
Pathogenic bacteria characteristics and drug resistance in acute, delayed, and chronic periprosthetic joint infection: A retrospective analysis of 202 patients
Authors: Chang Yu , Li Yongsheng , Fan Ting , Jiang Kai , Lv Jing , Huang Jing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo assist orthopaedic surgeons in choosing appropriate antibiotics, this study attempted to identify the common microorganisms that cause periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) and their respective drug resistance spectrums. The clinical data of 202 patients with PJI after primary hip and knee arthroplasty between January 2017 and December 2021 were retrospectively analysed. There were 84 males and 118 females, aged (63.03 ± 13.10) years (range: 24–89 years). A total of 102 and 100 patients underwent total hip and total knee arthroplasty, respectively. Based on the time of postoperative infection, the patients were divided into acute (25 cases), delayed (91 cases), and chronic (86 cases) PJI groups. The results of pathogen species, composition ratio, and drug susceptibility tests were collected. Gram‐positive bacteria were the primary causative pathogens of PJI (58.91%, 119/202), and their culture‐positive rates in patients with acute, delayed, and chronic PJI were 32.00% (8/25), 62.64% (57/91), and 62.79% (54/86), respectively. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus were the major gram‐positive bacteria detected, followed by gram‐negative bacteria (29/202, 14.36%), and fungi (4/202, 1.98%). Gram‐positive bacteria showed higher resistance to penicillin (81.25%), oxacillin (63.33%), erythromycin (61.17%), and clindamycin (48.35%) and 100% sensitivity to linezolid, vancomycin, daptomycin, and tigecycline. In gram‐negative bacteria, the drug resistance rates to cefazolin, gentamicin, furantoin, cefuroxime, ticacillin/clavulanic acid, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and tobramycin were >50%. However, no vancomycin‐resistant bacteria were discovered in the current study. The drug resistance rate to carbapenems was low, ranging from 0% to 3.57%. Gram‐positive bacteria are the main causative pathogens of PJI, and the resistance rate of pathogens of chronic PJI is higher than those of delayed and acute PJI. Use of cefuroxime and clindamycin in patients with PJIs should proceed with caution because of the high drug resistance rate. Vancomycin can be used as a first‐line antibiotic against gram‐positive bacteria. Carbapenems can be used as the first choice against gram‐negative bacteria because of to their high sensitivity.
Monitoring Algal Blooms in Small Lakes Using Drones: A Case Study in Southern Illinois
Authors: Wu Di , Li Ruopu , Liu Jia , Khan Nafeesa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHarmful Algal Blooms (HABs) persist in many water bodies around the world and pose adverse health and economic impacts to the affected communities. Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have recently been applied as a cost‐effective tool for HABs monitoring. In this study, HABs in two small lakes in Southern Illinois (Carbondale Reservoir and the Campus Lake of Southern Illinois University) were monitored using UAVs and biomass concentrations in lake waters. By analyzing vegetation indices derived from multispectral UAV images and chlorophyll‐a concentrations in the two lakes, statistical regression models were established for each waterbody. The model relates spectral characteristics of the lake water to its algae biomass. It was found that normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and blue‐to‐green band ratio are the best‐fit indices to the variation in chlorophyll‐a in Carbondale Reservoir and the Campus Lake, respectively. The findings in this study can be used for monitoring HABs using UAVs in these lakes in the future.
EU Cohesion Policy and Inter‐regional Risk‐sharing: First Evidence and Lessons Learned
Authors: Giua Mara , Pericoli Filippo Maria , Pierucci Eleonora 
Published: April 2023

AbstractWe provide the first evidence of the role played by the Cohesion Policy in terms of insurance against income shocks affecting the European Union (EU) regions. By following state‐of‐the‐art modelling, we measured income risk‐sharing amongst 270 NUTS‐2 regions over two concluded programming periods (2000–2006 and 2007–2013), distinguishing across several sub‐groups of regions characterized by different macroeconomic conditions, integration of markets and regional levels of economic disadvantage. We found that, by and large, the income risk‐sharing role of the EU Funds inflow is non‐negligible and it becomes particularly relevant in the second programming period. Further, the Cohesion Policy exerted a significant and positive role in income stabilization after the Global Financial Crisis and the Sovereign Debt Crisis and during the negative phases of the business cycle, particularly for those regions lagging or belonging to less stable countries from the macroeconomic point of view (Less Developed regions and Mediterranean EU). This novel evidence of the short‐run stabilizing effect of the Cohesion Policy aims to contribute to the debate on the role of EU institutions in improving the capacity of regions to tackle economic shocks, which is particularly relevant at the launch of the Next Generation EU.