bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Characterizing the frequency, morbidity, and types of traumatic brain injuries after the Mexico–San Diego border wall extension: a retrospective cohort review
Authors: Tenorio Alexander , Brandel Michael G. , Produturi Gautam R. , McCann Carson P. , Wali Arvin R. , Bravo Javier , Godat Laura N. , Doucet Jay J. , Costantini Todd W. , Santiago-Dieppa David R. , Ciacci Joseph D. 
Published: February 2023

OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the US-Mexico border wall height extension on traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) and related costs.

METHODS
In this retrospective cohort study, patients who presented to the UC San Diego Health Trauma Center for injuries from falling at the border wall between 2016 and 2021 were considered. Patients in the pre–height extension period (January 2016–May 2018) were compared with those in the post–height extension period (January 2020–December 2021). Demographic characteristics, clinical data, and hospital charges were analyzed.

RESULTS
A total of 383 patients were identified: 51 (0 TBIs, 68.6% male) in the pre–height extension cohort and 332 (14 TBIs, 77.1% male) in the post–height extension cohort, with mean ages of 33.5 and 31.5 years, respectively. There was an increase in the average number of TBIs per month (0.0 to 0.34) and operative TBIs per month (0.0 to 0.12). TBIs were associated with increased Injury Severity Score (8.8 vs 24.2, p < 0.001), median (IQR) hospital length of stay (5.0 [2–11] vs 8.5 [4–45] days, p = 0.03), and median (IQR) hospital charges ($163,490 [$86,369–$277,918] vs $243,658 [$136,769–$1,127,920], p = 0.04). TBIs were normalized for changing migration rates on the basis of Customs and Border Protection apprehensions.

CONCLUSIONS
This heightened risk of intracranial injury among vulnerable immigrant populations poses ethical and economic concerns to be addressed regarding border wall infrastructure.
Intensitas Penggunaan Gadget Dengan Interaksi Sosial
Authors: Imasria Wahyuliarmy Ayu , Ayu Kumala Sari Citra 
Published: February 2023

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan Intensitas Penggunaan Gadget dengan Interaksi Sosial. Hipotesis yang diajukan adalah ada hubungan antara Intensitas penggunaan Gadget dengan Interaksi Sosial, Subjek dalam penelitian ini yakni remaja usia 13 sampai dengan 18 tahun yang tinggal di Desa Gondangmanis Kecamatan Bandarkerdungmulyo yang berjumlah 60 orang, Teknik pengambilan data yakni menggunakan Proposiv Random Sampling. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan dua buah skala yakni skala Intensitas Penggunaan Gadget dengan Interaksi Sosial yang telah disusun oleh peneliti dan diuji validitas empiris dan reliabilitas. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode korelasi Rho Spearman menggunakan teknik Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) versi 16.0. Hasil analisis data menghasilkan koefisien korelasi S’rho= -0,330 dengan p =0,010 (p< 0,05) yang berati terdapat hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara Intensitas Penggunaan Gadget dengan Interaksi Sosial yang artinya semakin tinggi Intensitas penggunaan Gadget maka semakin rendah Interaksi Sosial. Dan sebaliknya jika semakin rendah Intensitas Penggunaan Gadget maka semakin tinggi Interaksi Sosial. Jadi hipotesis yang diajukan oleh peneliti ini diterima .
Lingual nerve injury during extraction of mandibular third molars: Are we extracting correctly?
Authors: Israr Muhammad , Asim Muhammad Adil , Israr Abdul Rehman 
Published: February 2023

Introduction: Neurological injuries including lingual nerve damage are among the most devastating complications of mandibular third molar extraction. Various causes of lingual nerve damage have been proposed in literature including the surgical technique.
Objective: This study aims to assess the adverse outcomes of the removal of mandibular third molars in terms of the frequency of lingual nerve injury (LNI).
Methodology: This prospective case series was carried out at Maroof International Hospital, Islamabad. Surgical extraction was performed after raising both lingual and buccal mucoperiosteal flaps for surgical access. Ostectomy and tooth sectioning was performed while protecting the lingual flap with a passively placed periosteal elevator. Patients were recalled for the assessment of lingual nerve status, one week postoperatively.
Results: Out of the total of 1487 teeth extracted temporary lingual nerve injury was observed in just two cases (0.13%) both of which were extracted because of recurrent pericoronitis. None of the patients had a permanent neurological deficit.
Conclusion: For improving civility in nursing college, insight into incivility among students and faculty members is to be developed and policies to be in place to address unacceptable behaviors in a timely and effective manner. A surgical technique using careful lingual flap elevation and passive retraction results in the prevention of iatrogenic lingual nerve injury.
Effects of Corneal Incision on Steep Meridian with Preexisting Astigmatism in Cataract Surgery by Phacoemulsification
Authors: Hasan Mohammad Mahbubul , Begum Hasiba , Hasan AKM Rashedul 
Published: February 2023

A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted in the Department of Ophthalmology, Combined Military Hospital (CMH), Dhaka Cantonment, Bangladesh, between November 2017 and May 2018, to assess the keratometric results of clear corneal incision on the steep meridian in patients with preoperative astigmatism during phacoemulsification cataract surgery. After obtaining written informed consent, a total of 40 cataract patients with age ranged between 40 and 70 years were selected. All patients were examined pre- and postoperatively after 1 week and 3 months for evaluation of astigmatism. Keratometry was done by using an autorefractometer and an autokeratometer. Astigmatism was calculated from keratometric data using vector analysis. The mean age of the study participants was 52±9.1 years. Male predominance was observed as male-female ratio was 1.7:1. The change in astigmatism in between pre- and post-operative were 0.44±0.20 in temporal incision group and 0.19±0.00 in superior incision group; both were statistically significant (P<0.001). The difference in mean astigmatism between the groups was 0.375 (P<0.001). Postoperative astigmatism <0.5D was observed in 16(40%) patients when incision was given at temporal site and in 8(20%) patients when incision was given at superior site. Astigmatism was significantly (P<0.05) decreased more when incision given at temporal site in comparison to superior site. Our data suggest that preexisting astigmatism was significantly decreased postoperatively in majority of patients when incision was placed on steep meridian and temporal incision has less surgically induced astigmatism than superior incision.
CBMJ 2023 January: Vol. 12 No. 01 P: 27-32
Site-Specific Clinical Behavior of the Lesions in Patients with Odontogenic Keratocyst in the Jawbone
Authors: Rahman MD Rashedur , Rashid MD Harun Ar , Anar Farzana , Khanam Sultana Razia , Rahman Md Mukhlachur , Islam Khaled Mohammad 
Published: February 2023

A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dhaka Dental College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from 2014 to 2015, to assess the site-specific clinical behaviour of the lesion in patients with odontogenic keratocyst in the jawbone. The study was conducted on 25 patients who were clinically diagnosed with Odontogenic keratocyst of the jaw. Samples were selected by convenient sampling technique. Data were collected through pretested semi-structured questionnaire & analyzed by using the statistical packages of social science (SPSS) version 25.0. The mean age of the total 25 patients was 23.56± SD years and ranges from 10 to 50 years. The highest proportions of patients (44%) were from less than 20 years of age and a few (8%) of them were from more than 41 years. The study showed that 80% were male and 20% were female. In most of the cases (64%), the tooth was present in the series. Among the patients, the majority (84%) had an absence of syndrome, history of absence of tooth displacement was found 66% and absence of root resorption was 80%. Most of the keratocyts (36%) were in body and angle of the mandible, second most (24%) site was in the body of the Mandible. The knowledge about the clinical presentation of odontogenic keratocyst is needed for accurate diagnosis and prognostic assessment.
CBMJ 2023 January: Vol. 12 No. 01 P: 48-52
Role of Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) Gene Xpert in Diagnosis of PTB in Sputum Smear Negative Patients
Authors: Alom KM Monjurul , Ali Mirza Mohammad Idris , Mahmud Md Jakaria , Ahmed Md Mohiuddin 
Published: February 2023

The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic efficacy of Xpert MTB/RIF assay in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in sputum-smear negative patients. This observational case series study was conducted in a tertiary base institute of Bangladesh from July 2017 to June 2019. All patients with suspected pulmonary tuberculosis who were sputum-smear negative, irrespective of age and gender were included in this study. BAL fluid thus obtained and examined the smear for acid fast bacilli (AFB) and Xpert MTB/RIF assay. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy values were calculated for smear AFB and Xpert MTB/RIF assay. Xpert MTB/RIF was identified 33 (36.7%) of 90 patients on bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the final analysis. AFB Fluid culture was positive in 28 (31.2%) cases. The sensitivity and specificity of Xpert MTB/RIF assay was 85.7%, and 85.5% respectively. The positive likelihood ratio was 5.90, and the negative likelihood ratio was 0.167. The accuracy was 85.56%. Xpert MTB/RIF on BAL fluid can be recommended as a fruitful diagnostic tool for mycobacterium pulmonary tuberculosis especially in sputum smear negative, and culture negative patients.
CBMJ 2023 January: Vol. 12 No. 01 P: 60-66
Comparison Between Pethidine and Nalbuphine Hydrochloride Combating Epigastric Pain During Mopping of Intraperitoneal Blood in Lower Uterine Caesarean Section Operation
Authors: Islam Md Ashraful , Akter Shamima , Bashar Muhammad Khairul , Bhuiyan Md Abdullah Tareq , Samad Evana , Kawsar Md Abu , Hossain Md Shahadat , Mohammad Taneem , Chakma Shuchana , Khan Hasnat Jahan 
Published: February 2023

A randomized prospective single blind trial was conducted in the Department of Anaesthesia, Analgesia, Palliative and Intensive Care Medicine, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, between July 2021 and February 2022, to compare the effects of intravenous pethidine and nalbuphine hydrochloride combating epigastric pain and discomfort during mopping of intraperitoneal blood in lower uterine caesarean section (LUCS) operation. A total of 120 women participated in the study. They were randomly divided into two groups: group A (n=60) received intravenous diluted (with normal saline) 20-25 mg of pethidine, while group B (n=60) received intravenous diluted 10-20 mg of nalbuphine hydrochloride. There were no differences observed in mean age, weight, height, and duration of operation between two groups (P>0.05). However, participants of group B reported less or no epigastric pain and discomfort during mopping of intraperitoneal blood than that of group A (P<0.05), i.e., episode and intensity of pain measured by using visual analogue scales indicated that nalbuphine hydrochloride has a longer duration of action than pethidine. Our study revealed that intravenous diluted nalbuphine hydrochloride works better than pethidine to minimize epigastric pain and discomfort during mopping of intraperitoneal blood in lower uterine caesarean section (LUCS) operation.
CBMJ 2023 January: Vol. 12 No. 01 P: 81-86
SELF EMULSIFYING DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS- An Ovierview
Authors: BAYTOK Naz , SAKA Ongun Mehmet 
Published: February 2023

Amaç: Kendiliğinden emülsifiye olan ilaç taşıyıcı sistemler (SEDDS), henüz tamamen aydınlatılmamış olan muazzam bir potansiyele sahiptir. Oral lipid uygulamasında suda çözünürlüğü düşük olan ilaç bileşiklerinin formülasyonunda kullanılabilirler ve bu bileşiklerle ilişkilendirilen birçok problemin üstesinden gelebilirler. SEDDS, küçük parçacık boyutuna, geniş yüzey alanına, yüksek kapsülleme etkinliğine ve yüksek ilaç yüküne atfedilebilen bağırsak emilim bölgesindeki ilaç çözünürlüğünü optimize ederek oral emilim oranını ve derecesini artırabilir. Ayrıca, lipit bazlı formülasyonu nedeniyle SEDDS, hepatik ilk geçiş metabolizmasını atlayarak ve dolayısıyla biyoyararlanımı artırarak farmasötik lenfatik taşınmayı hızlandırabilir ve artırabilir.
Sonuç ve Tartışma: Terapötik açıdan etkili olan yeni lipofilik hidrofobik moleküllerin miktarı, yenilikçi ilaç geliştirme yaklaşımları sayesinde istikrarlı bir şekilde artmıştır. Farmasötik araştırmaların geleceği, yalnızca yeni moleküllerin keşfedilmesinden değil, aynı zamanda halihazırda bilinenlerin daha iyi kullanılmasından da geçebilir. Bu bileşiklerin oral biyoyararlanımını artırma stratejilerinden hidrofobik ve lipofilik ilaç moleküllerinin oral biyoyararlanımını artırmada SEDDS kullanımının oldukça başarılı olduğu kanıtlanmıştır.
PREDIKSI HARGA CABAI MERAH MENGGUNAKAN SUPPORT VECTOR REGRESSION
Authors: Sepri Domi , Fauzi Ahmad 
Published: February 2023

The aim of the research is to make a model to predict the national price of the red chili pepper using Support Vector Regression (SVR). Data used to make model are the price of red chili from January 2017 to December 2019. For finding the best parameter of the hyperplane, the research uses Grid Search Algorithm. The best parameter of the hyperplane is C=1000, epsilon=5, and Gamma =1 . The result shows the MAPE for data training is 4.07% and the MAPE for data testing is 9.11%.
Influence of the physico-chemical bioink composition on the printability and cell biological properties in 3D-bioprinting of a liver tumor cell line
Authors: Fritschen Anna , Acedo Mestre Mariana , Scholpp Sebastian , Blaeser Andreas 
Published: February 2023

The selection of a suitable matrix material is crucial for the development of functional, biomimetic tissue and organ models. When these tissue models are fabricated with 3D-bioprinting technology, the requirements do not only include the biological functionality and physico-chemical properties, but also the printability. In our work, we therefore present a detailed study of seven different bioinks with the focus on a functional liver carcinoma model. Agarose, gelatin, collagen and their blends were selected as materials based on their benefits for 3D cell culture and Drop-on-Demand (DoD) bioprinting. The formulations were characterized for their mechanical (G’ of 10–350 Pa) and rheological (viscosity 2–200 Pa*s) properties as well as albumin diffusivity (8–50 μm2/s). The cellular behavior was exemplarily shown for HepG2 cells by monitoring viability, proliferation and morphology over 14 days, while the printability on a microvalve DoD printer was evaluated by drop volume monitoring in flight (100–250 nl), camera imaging of the wetting behavior and microscopy of the effective drop diameter (700 µm and more). We did not observe negative effects on cell viability or proliferation, which is due to the very low shear stresses inside the nozzle (200–500 Pa). With our method, we could identify the strengths and weaknesses of each material, resulting in a material portfolio. By specifically selecting certain materials or blends, cell migration and possible interaction with other cells can be directed as indicated by the results of our cellular experiments.
The association of catestatin and endocan with the effects of cardiac shock wave therapy: Biomarker sub-study of the randomized, sham procedure-controlled trial
Authors: Burneikaitė Greta , Shkolnik Evgeny , Puronaitė Roma , Zuozienė Gitana , Petrauskienė Birutė , Misonis Nerijus , Kazėnaitė Edita , Laucevičius Aleksandras , Smih Fatima , Rouet Philippe , Čelutkienė Jelena 
Published: February 2023

IntroductionCardiac shock-wave therapy (CSWT) is a non-invasive regenerative treatment method based on low-frequency ultrasound waves, which stimulate angiogenesis. Current data about the effects of revascularization procedures on angiogenesis biomarkers is limited. Recently, an association of catestatin and endocan with coronary collateral development was shown in several trials. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of CSWT on the dynamics of catestatin and endocan levels and to assess their correlation with parameters of myocardial perfusion and function.MethodsProspective, randomized, triple-blind, sham procedure-controlled study enrolled 72 adult subjects who complied with defined inclusion criteria (NCT02339454). We measured biomarkers in 48 patients with stable angina (24 patients of CSWT group, 24 patients of sham-procedure group). Additionally, patients were divided into responders and non-responders according to improvement in myocardial perfusion and/or contractility assessed by myocardial scintigraphy and dobutamine echocardiography (30 and 13 patients, respectively). The blood samples were collected at baseline, after the last treatment procedure (9th treatment week) and at 6-month follow-up to evaluate biomarkers concentration and stored at –80° until analysis. Serum catestatin and endocan levels were determined by commercially available ELISA kits.ResultsSerum catestatin concentration significantly increased in all patients. While endocan levels significantly decreased in the responders sub-group. The increase in catestatin levels at 9th week and 6 months was positively associated with improvement in summed difference score (rho = 0.356, p = 0.028) and wall motion score, WMS (rho = 0.397, p = 0.009) at 6 months in the whole study population. Meanwhile, the decrease in endocan levels over 6 months was positively correlated with improvement in WMS at 3- and 6- months (r = 0.378, p = 0.015 and r = 0.311, p = 0.045, respectively). ROC analysis revealed that a change at 6 months in catestatin and endocan levels significantly predicted improvement in myocardial perfusion and contractile function with 68.9% sensitivity and 75.0% specificity (p = 0.039) and 51.7% sensitivity, and 91.7% specificity (p = 0.017), respectively. Baseline endocan concentration and its change at 6 months predicted response to CSWT with 68.8% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity (p = 0.039) and 81.3% sensitivity and 100% specificity (p &lt; 0.0001), respectively.ConclusionThis study demonstrates the association of increase in catestatin and decrease in endocan levels with the improvement of myocardial perfusion and contractile function. The potential predictive value of catestatin and endocan dynamics for the response to regenerative therapy is shown.
Differential impact of anemia in relation to sex in patients with myocardial infarction
Authors: Kanic Vojko , Kompara Gregor , Suran David 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundData on the possible sex-specific effects of anemia on clinical outcome in patients with myocardial infarction are extremely sparse, conflicting, and inconclusive. We investigated the possible sex-specific effects of anemia on outcome in patients with myocardial infarction (MI) who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).MethodsData from 8,318 patients, who were divided into four groups: men and women with and without anemia on admission, were analyzed. The association between anemia and sex and 30-day and long-term mortality was assessed. The median follow-up time was 7 years (25th, 75th percentile: 4, 11).ResultsNon-anemic men had the lowest 30-day and long-term observed mortality (4.3, 18.7%), followed by non-anemic women (7.0, 25.3%; p &lt; 0.0001, p &lt; 0.0001). Anemic men and women had similar mortality rates (12.8, 46.2%) and (13.4, 45.6%; p = 0.70, p = 0.80), respectively. The anemia/sex groups were independently associated with 30-day and long-term mortality (p = 0.033 and p &lt; 0.0001, respectively). Compared to non-anemic men, non-anemic and anemic women had a similar risk of death at 30 days, but anemic men had a 50% higher risk of death (OR 1.12; 95% CI 0.83–1.52; p = 0.45, OR 1.30; 95% CI 0.94–1.79; p = 0.11, OR 1.50; 95% CI 1.13–1.98; p = 0.004, respectively). In the long term, anemic men had a 46% higher, non-anemic women 15% lower, and anemic women a similar long-term mortality risk to non-anemic men (HR 1.46; 95% CI 1.31–1.63; p &lt; 0.0001, HR 0.85; 95% CI 0.76–0.96; p = 0.011, and HR 1.06; 95% CI 0.93–1.21; p = 0.37, respectively).ConclusionOur result suggests that the influence of anemia in patients with MI is different in men and women, with anemia seemingly much more harmful in male than in female patients with MI.
Administration of macrolide antibiotics increases cardiovascular risk
Authors: Wu Yang , Bi Wen-Tao , Qu Li-Ping , Fan Jun , Kong Xiang-Jun , Ji Cheng-Cheng , Chen Xu-Miao , Yao Feng-Juan , Liu Li-Juan , Cheng Yun-Jiu , Wu Su-Hua 
Published: February 2023

BackgroundThe increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients prescribed macrolides has been subject to debate for decades.MethodsMedline, EMBASE databases and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception until August 31, 2022 for studies investigating the link between macrolides and cardiovascular risk. A meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model.ResultsA total of 80 studies involving 39,374,874 patients were included. No association was found between macrolides and all-cause death. However, compared with the non-macrolide group, macrolides were associated with a significantly increased risk of ventricular arrhythmia or sudden cardiac death (VA or SCD) (azithromycin, relative ratio [RR]: 1.53; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19 to 1.97; clarithromycin, RR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.07 to 2.16). Besides, administration of macrolides was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) death (azithromycin, RR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.17 to 2.27) and a slightly increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI) (azithromycin, RR: 1.08; 95% CI: 1.02 to 1.15). Interestingly, no association was observed between roxithromycin and adverse cardiac outcomes. Increased risk of VA or SCD was observed for recent or current use of macrolides, MI for former use, and CVD death for current use.ConclusionAdministration of macrolide antibiotics and timing of macrolide use are associated with increased risk for SCD or VTA and cardiovascular death, but not all-cause death.