bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Enhanced Electrochemical Nitrate‐to‐Ammonia Performance of Cobalt Oxide by Protic Ionic Liquid Modification
Authors: Qin Danni , Song Shaojia , Liu Yanrong , Wang Ke , Yang Bing , Zhang Suojiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractElectrochemical conversion of nitrate to ammonia is an appealing way for small‐scale and decentralized ammonia synthesis and waste nitrate treatment. Currently, strategies to enhance the reaction performance through elaborate catalyst design have been well developed, but it is still of challenge to realize the promotion of reactivity and selectivity at the same time. Instead, a facile method of catalyst modification with ionic liquid to modulate the electrode surface microenvironment that mimic the role of the natural MoFe protein environment is found effective for the simultaneous improvement of NH3 yield rate and Faradaic efficiency (FE) at a low NaNO3 concentration of 500 ppm. Protic ionic liquid (PIL) N‐butylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide ([Bim]NTf2) modified Co3O4−x is fabricated and affords the NH3 yield rate and FE of 30.23±4.97 mg h−1 mgcat.−1 and 84.74±3.43 % at −1.71 and −1.41 V vs. Ag/AgCl, respectively, outperforming the pristine Co3O4−x. Mechanistic and theoretical studies reveal that the PIL modification facilitates the adsorption and activation of NO3− as well as the NO3−‐to‐NH3 conversion and inhibits hydrogen evolution reaction competition via enhancing the Lewis acidity of the Co center, shuttling protons, and constructing a hydrogen bonded and hydrophobic electrode surface microenvironment.
Visible‐Light‐Induced Photoreduction of Carborane Phosphonium Salts: Efficient Synthesis of Carborane‐Oxindole‐Pharmaceutical Hybrids
Authors: Liu Qiang , Zhang Bei‐Bei , Sheng He , Qiao Sen , Wang Zhi‐Xiang , Chen Xiang‐Yu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractVisible‐light‐induced photoreaction of carboranes is an effective approach to prepare carborane‐containing compounds. While several methods involving boron‐centered carboranyl radicals have been established, those for carbon‐centered carboranyl radicals are underdeveloped, except for the UV‐light‐promoted photohomolysis. Herein, we describe a simple but effective approach to access carbon‐centered carboranyl radicals by photoreduction of carborane phosphonium salts under blue light irradiation without using transition metals and photocatalysts. The utility of the method was demonstrated by successfully preparing a range of carborane‐oxindole‐pharmaceutical hybrids by radical cascade reactions. Computational and experimental studies suggest that the carbon‐centered carboranyl radicals are generated by single‐electron transfer of the photoactive charge‐transfer complexes between the salts and the additive potassium acetate.
Evaluation of thermal and mechanical properties of continuous fiberglass reinforced thermoplastic composite fabricated by fused deposition modeling
Authors: Naik Mahesh , Thakur Dineshsingh , Salunkhe Sachin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFused deposition modeling (FDM) is utilized to fabricate continuous fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFRTPCs) and can be considered an alternative to conventional processes. In present study, the specimens are 3D printed in Markforged Mark Two composite 3D printer by considering Onyx as matrix material and fiberglass as reinforcing material. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) of Onyx and fiberglass materials are done to investigate their thermal stability and composition. The effect of infill pattern and fiber orientation on tensile and drop impact properties are examined. The TGA results show that the initial decomposition in Onyx is higher compared to fiberglass due to more evaporation of moisture content in Onyx. The FTIR analysis confirmed that the spectrum for both materials is same within the range of wave number from 4000 to 1500 cm−1. The tensile test results represent that the specimen with triangular infill pattern and 0°/90° fiber orientation resulted in maximum tensile strength of 148.01 MPa and the drop impact test results showed that the triangular infill pattern with 0°/90° fiber orientation absorbs maximum impact energy which is 14.90% and 8.98% higher compared to honeycomb and rectangular pattern respectively. Further, the fracture behavior study is carried out based on the optical images of fractured specimens.
Electrospinning of smart fibrous nanocomposite based on graphene/polydiacetylene
Authors: Afsari Nasim , Eslahi Niloofar , Varsei Mehdi , Ghanbari Hajar 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThis study aims to produce smart nanocomposite fibers using the electrospinning method for potential sensing applications. For this purpose, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and polydiacetylene (PDA) solutions at two different ratios are prepared and electrospun at the voltage of 15 kV, distance to the collector of 15 cm, and the flow rate of 1 mL/h. To enhance the mechanical properties and sensitivity of the fibers, graphene oxide (GO) is then added to the polymer solution at different percentages of 0.5 to 2 wt%, and electrospinning is performed under the optimized conditions. Based on SEM analysis, with increasing the percentage of GO, the average fiber diameter decreases from 180 nm (without graphene) to 150 nm (1.5 wt% GO) due to the higher conductivity of the polymer solution after incorporation of GO. FTIR spectra reveal the possible hydrogen bonding between the components. In order to investigate the colorimetric behavior of the electrospun nanofibers, they are subjected to various temperatures and pHs, and a color change from bluish‐purple to reddish‐pink is observed due to conformational changes in PDA macromolecules. Finally, DSC results confirm the higher thermal stability of the nanocomposite fibers containing GO. Therefore, the fabricated thermochromic nanofibers are potentially appropriate candidates as sensors.
Preparation of polyaniline‐poly(ethylene‐vinyl acetate) film: Resistivity in the ESD range
Authors: Uppugalla Susmitha , Srinivasan Palaniappan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFilms of polyaniline (PANI) salt with poly (ethylene‐vinyl acetate) (EVA) with two different PANI salts, PANI‐methane sulfonic acid (PANI‐MSA) and PANI‐p‐toluene sulfonic acid (PANI‐PTSA) are prepared by solution processing technique for electrostatic discharge (ESD) application. PANI‐MSA/PANI‐PTSA salts were synthesized by emulsion polymerization pathway then dispersed the PANI salt in xylene solvent. EVA was dissolved in xylene solvent. Series of PANI salt/EVA films were prepared by mixing a particular amount of PANI dispersion to a fixed amount of EVA solution and evaporated the solvent. PANI‐EVA films were evaluated by tensile strength, elongation at break and surface resistivity measurements. The results of PANI‐MSA/EVA films are compared with the results of PANI‐PTSA/EVA films. Also, PANI‐MSA/EVA and PANI‐PTSA/EVA solutions are coated on different substrates and measured their electrical resistivity for ESD application. Morphological study and thermal behaviors of PANI‐MSA/EVA films are carried through FE‐SEM and TGA respectively. Sphere morphology of EVA changed to swollen sheet like morphology with the addition of PANI, and the spaces between the sheets increased with the increase in PANI content. The surface resistivity of the EVA‐PANI films are found to be in the range of 104–108 Ω sq−1, which is suitable for ESD application.
Effect of the polyacrylonitrile mass fraction on the structure of coaxial polyacrylonitrile/mesophase pitch composite fibers
Authors: Zhou Zhengyu , Zhang Ke , Xu Lianghua , Deng Zhuoyin , Li Changqing 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTo minimize structural heterogeneity during graphitization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN)‐based carbon fibers, the present authors prepare coaxial composite fibers with PAN as the skin and a PAN/MP mixture as the core by wet spinning with coaxial spinning needles. With increasing PAN mass fraction in the skin‐layer solution, the crystallinity of the coaxial composite fibers increases from 24.3% to 31.4%, and the crystal plane spacing of the coaxial composite fibers decreases from 0.529 to 0.523 nm. The tensile strength of the coaxial composite fibers increases by 122%, attributable to the crystallinity increase from 24.3% at 10 wt% PAN to 31.4% at 15 wt% PAN. Scanning electron microscope images of the coaxial fibers demonstrate that the cortical region changes from a porous, loose structure to a less porous, denser structure. Gray value testing of the coaxial composite fibers shows that transition layers formed at the interface between the cortex and core layers, which was formed for the outward diffusion of the core‐layer MP and PAN mixed solution. With increasing PAN mass fraction, because of the high viscosity of the cortical PAN solution, diffusion of the core‐layer mixed solution to the cortical layer decreases, resulting in a 75.2% increase in the core area ratio of the coaxial composite fibers.
ONIX: An X‐ray deep‐learning tool for 3D reconstructions from sparse views
Authors: Zhang Yuhe , Yao Zisheng , Ritschel Tobias , Villanueva‐Perez Pablo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTime‐resolved three‐dimensional (3D) X‐ray imaging techniques rely on obtaining 3D information for each time point and are crucial for materials‐science applications in academia and industry. Standard 3D X‐ray imaging techniques like tomography and confocal microscopy access 3D information by scanning the sample with respect to the X‐ray source. However, the scanning process limits the temporal resolution when studying dynamics and is not feasible for many materials‐science applications, such as cell‐wall rupture of metallic foams. Alternatives to obtaining 3D information when scanning is not possible are X‐ray stereoscopy and multi‐projection imaging, but these approaches suffer from limited volumetric information as they only acquire a very small number of views or projections compared to traditional 3D scanning techniques. Here, we present optimized neural implicit X‐ray imaging (ONIX), a deep‐learning algorithm capable of retrieving a continuous 3D object representation from only a small and limited set of sparse projections. ONIX is based on an accurate differentiable model of the physics of X‐ray propagation. It generalizes across different instances of similar samples to overcome the limited volumetric information provided by limited sparse views. We demonstrate the capabilities of ONIX compared to state‐of‐the‐art tomographic reconstruction algorithms by applying it to simulated and experimental datasets, where a maximum of eight projections are acquired. ONIX, although it does not have access to any volumetric information, outperforms unsupervised reconstruction algorithms, which reconstruct using single instances without generalization over different instances. We anticipate that ONIX will become a crucial tool for the X‐ray community by (i) enabling the study of fast dynamics not possible today when implemented together with X‐ray multi‐projection imaging and (ii) enhancing the volumetric information and capabilities of X‐ray stereoscopic imaging.
Creating a school‐based mental health program to meet the needs of children in underserved communities and schools: The Derner Hempstead Child Clinic
Authors: Sapountzis Ionas , Lombardi Karen , O’Loughlin Michael , Daisy‐Etienne Nicole , Vaughans Kirkland , Jones Yvette , Narain Tiffany , Wheeler Elzinette 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThere is an increasing tendency in the field to develop partnerships between schools and mental health (MH) clinics to address the MH needs of children in schools. Such initiatives are particularly important in providing services to children who attend underfunded and understaffed schools in underserved communities. These initiatives face several challenges that can interfere with the delivery of services. The present paper presents the challenges the Derner Hempstead Child Clinic clinic has faced in providing MH services to the children and families in the town of Hempstead, and in striving to become a source of support to the community.
Radiation exposure in emergency ureteric stenting: A subgroup analysis by operator
Authors: Tree Kevin , Chang Nicholas , Huynh Roy , Indrajit Balasubramaniam , Fisher Dean , Baskaranathan Sris 
Published: April 2023

AbstractObjectivesTo review radiation exposure during emergency ureteric stent insertion to identify differences based on operator experience, specialty operator and stone characteristics.Patients and methodsA retrospective audit over 10 years was performed for patients who underwent emergency stent insertion for urolithiasis with intraoperative fluoroscopy. Outcomes measured included operator experience, radiation exposure (mGy), dose area product (Gy/cm2), fluoroscopy time, stone characteristics and patient BMI. Analysis was performed in IBM SPSS Version 28. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsFour hundred ten patients were identified, with a median age of 57 years, 64.6% male and a median BMI of 30. Urolithiasis was left‐sided in 50.8%, with a median size of 7 mm and predominantly proximal (49%) followed by mid (34.5%) and distal (12.1%) location. Median radiation exposure was 12.6 mGy, 2.94 Gy/cm2 and fluoroscopy time 44.5 s, with no significant difference between consultants and registrars. No significant association between radiation exposure for subgroups of stone location, gender, size, laterality or specialty registrar (general surgery vs. urology).ConclusionNo significant difference in radiation exposure was identified between registrars and consultants or between subspecialty registrars. We suggest formal radiation safety education for all health professionals involved with intra‐operative fluoroscopy and personal dosimeters.
Using self‐monitoring to increase on‐task behaviors of students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) in inclusive classrooms in Turkey (Türkiye)
Authors: Sulu Mehmet D. , Martella Ronald C. , Kiyak Uzeyir Emre 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSelf‐monitoring interventions have been found to be effective in improving the on‐task behaviors of students with a wide range of disabilities. However, there are ongoing limitations in the literature, including the (a) lack of planning in generalization and maintenance, (b) interventions are predominantly conducted in segregated settings, and (c) inadequate number of data points collected in each condition. In the current study, self‐monitoring was used to improve the on‐task behavior of three elementary school students with ADHD in inclusive classrooms in Turkey. A concurrent multiple‐baseline across‐participants design was used. Generalization and maintenance were programmed via sequential modification, partial withdrawal, and continuous data collection. Additionally, classroom teachers rated the students' overall classroom behaviors in each data collection session. Based on the visual and the effect size analyses (i.e., performance criteria‐based effect size [PCES]), the intervention was effective in improving the students' on‐task behaviors. The self‐monitoring intervention had 1.18 (high effect), 1.06 (effective) in generalization, and 1.14 (effective) in the first maintenance set and 1.03 (effective) in the second maintenance data set. The teacher ratings aligned with the increased on‐task behaviors of the students. Implications for practice are discussed.
Phytochemical profile analysis by LC–ESI–MSn and LC–HR‐ESI–MS and validated HPLC method for quantification of rutin in herbal drug and products from leaves of Croton blanchetianus
Authors: dos Santos Dantas Thainá , Machado Janaína Carla Barbosa , dos Santos Ewelyn Cintya Felipe , de Oliveira Alisson Macário , Raimundo e Silva Joanda Paolla , Tavares Josean Fechine , Assunção Ferreira Magda Rhayanny , Soares Luiz Alberto Lira 
Published: April 2023

AbstractPhytochemical analysis of Croton blanchetianus leaves was performed by. After that, a high performance liquid chromatography method was developed and validated for the determination of rutin in herbal drug and products of C. blanchetianus. The separation was achieved on a C18 column, and the mobile phase was composed of ultrapure water and methanol (acidified with trifluoroacetic acid) with a gradient of 0.8 ml/min. The method was validated following international guidelines. The chemical analysis revealed the presence of flavonoids. Among them rutin was used as the standard for validation. In the HPLC the presence of rutin was observed at 24.7 min. The method was robust, with no significant variations, and linear in the range evaluated with R2 > 0.99. Regarding the matrix effect, it was possible to prove the absence of interference of the constituents in the herbal drug. The precision was determined with a relative standard deviation of <1.34%. The recovery results were achieved between 89.29 and 101.21%. Furthermore, with partial validation, the method was proved to be suitable for the liquid extract, dry extract and effervescent granules. Therefore, this study demonstrated that the method is effective for the quality control analysis of C. blanchetianus leaves and products.
Biological effects of exposure to 2650 MHz electromagnetic radiation on the behavior, learning, and memory of mice
Authors: Zheng Rongqi , Zhang Xianxie , Gao Yan , Gao Dawen , Gong Wenjing , Zhang Chenggang , Dong Guofu , Li Zhihui 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundWith the development of communication technology, the public is paying increasing attention to whether electromagnetic radiation is harmful to health. Mobile phone communication has entered the 5G era, and there are almost no reports on electromagnetic radiation at 2650 MHz. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the risk of adverse effects of 5G mobile phone EMR exposure on the human brain.MethodsMale animals were continuously exposed to 2650 MHz‐EMR for 28 days with a whole‐body averaged specific absorption rate (WBSAR) of 2.06 W/kg for 4 h per day. Mouse behavior was assessed using the open‐field test (OFT), elevated‐plus maze (EPM), and tail suspension test (TST). The Morris water maze (MWM), HE staining, and TUNEL staining were used to evaluate the spatial memory ability and pathological morphology of hippocampal dentate gyrus cells. Additionally, the expression levels of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), aminobutyric acid (GABA), and glucocorticoid (GR) in the hippocampus were detected by western blotting and immunohistochemistry, while the corticosterone (CORT) level in serum was detected by ELISA.ResultsIn the OFT, the total distance traveled, central distance traveled, and residence time significantly decreased in the EMR exposure group (p < .05). In EPM, the percentage of the number of times to open the arm and the percentage of time to open the arm significantly decreased in the EMR exposure group. However, in the TST, the two groups had no significant difference in the 4‐min immobility time. In the MWM, the escape latency of the EMR exposure group was shorter than that of the control group, with no significant difference. Furthermore, CORT levels in serum were significantly increased in the EMR exposure group (p < .05), while the expression of BDNF and GR proteins in the hippocampus was reduced (p < .05), but there was no significant difference in GABA expression.ConclusionsOur results indicate that exposure to 2650 MHz‐EMR (WBSAR: 2.06 W/kg, 28 days, 4 h per day) had no significant effect on the spatial memory ability of mice (in comparison to little effect). The exposure may be associated with anxiety‐like behavior in mice but not related to depression‐like behavior in mice.
Phase II study (KAMELEON) of single‐agent T‐DM1 in patients with HER2‐positive advanced urothelial bladder cancer or pancreatic cancer/cholangiocarcinoma
Authors: de Vries Elisabeth G. E. , Rüschoff Josef , Lolkema Martijn , Tabernero Josep , Gianni Luca , Voest Emile , de Groot Derk Jan A. , Castellano Daniel , Erb Gilles , Naab Julia , Donica Margarita , Deurloo Regula , van der Heijden Michiel S. , Viale Giuseppe 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe antibody‐drug conjugate trastuzumab emtansine (T‐DM1) is approved for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/ERBB2)–positive breast cancer. We aimed to study tumor HER2 expression and its effects on T‐DM1 responses in patients with HER2‐positive urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) or pancreatic cancer (PC)/cholangiocarcinoma (CC). In the phase II KAMELEON study (NCT02999672), HER2 status was centrally assessed by immunohistochemistry, with positivity defined as non‐focal homogeneous or heterogeneous overexpression of HER2 in ≥30% of stained cells. We also performed exploratory biomarker analyses (e.g., gene‐protein assay) on tissue samples collected from study participants and consenting patients who failed screening. Of the 284 patients successfully screened for HER2 status (UBC, n = 69; PC/CC, n = 215), 13 with UBC, four with PC, and three with CC fulfilled eligibility criteria. Due to recruitment difficulty, the sponsor terminated KAMELEON prematurely. Of the five responders in the UBC cohort (overall response rate, 38.5%), HER2 expression was heterogeneous in two and homogeneous in three. The one responder in the PC/CC cohort had PC, and the tumor displayed homogeneous expression. In the biomarker‐evaluable population, composed of screen‐failed and enrolled patients, 24.3% (9/37), 1.5% (1/66), and 8.2% (4/49) of those with UBC, PC, or CC, respectively, had HER2‐positive tumors. In a gene‐protein assay combining in situ hybridization with immunohistochemistry, greater HER2 homogeneity was associated with increased ERBB2 amplification ratio. In conclusion, KAMELEON showed that some patients with HER2‐positive UBC or PC can respond to T‐DM1 and provided insight into the prevalence of HER2 positivity and expression patterns in three non‐breast tumor types.
Health‐related quality of life in survivors of advanced melanoma treated with anti‐PD1‐based immune checkpoint inhibitors
Authors: Looman E. L. , Cheng P. F. , Lai‐Kwon J. , Morgan L. , Wakkee M. , Dummer R. , Dimitriou F. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly improved survival in advanced melanoma but are associated with immune‐related adverse events (irAEs). This single center, cross‐sectional survey aimed to describe the long‐term symptom burden and impact on health‐related quality of life (HRQL) of advanced melanoma patients with sustained disease control following treatment with ICIs.MethodsAdvanced melanoma patients (stage IIB, III or IV, AJCCv8), treated with anti‐PD1‐based ICIs, who were off‐treatment and had at least 6 months follow‐up from their last infusion with an ongoing response in the metastatic setting or no evidence of disease recurrence in the adjuvant setting. A paper‐based questionnaire, consisting of the EORTC QLQ‐C30, EORTC QLQ‐FA12, and the PRO‐CTCAE was administered.ResultsOf 90 participants, 61 (68%) completed the questionnaire; 40 received single‐agent anti‐PD1, and 21 anti‐PD1/anti‐CTLA4. Thirty‐three (54%) were treated in the adjuvant setting. At the time of enrolment, 31 (51%) participants had active treatment for a previous irAE. Overall, 18/61 (30%) participants reported long‐term symptoms and trouble in physical and emotional functioning. Physical fatigue was common and interfered with daily activities (n = 12, 20%). In the PRO‐CTCAE questionnaire, muscle ache (n = 12, 20%) and joint ache (n = 9, 15%) were commonly reported. Despite this, participants reported overall good health (6.00, range 2.00–7.00) and reasonable level of HRQL (6.00, range 3.00–7.00).DiscussionMelanoma survivors experience long‐term symptoms in physical and psychosocial HRQL domains after ICI treatment. These results underline the importance to address existing gaps in survivorship care, implement these findings in clinical practice and increase awareness for long‐term symptoms in these patients.