bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Modelling and control of current full compensation system‐based controllable voltage source
Authors: Liu Hongwen , Zeng Xiangjun , yang Qing , Chai Chenchao 
Published: May 2023

AbstractCurrent active suppression technology of arc overvoltage in distribution network has small capacity of controllable voltage source and complex control and cannot flexibly adjust the zero‐sequence voltage of neutral point. This study proposes a controllable voltage source system to fully compensate the arc current of ground fault for solving these problems. A controllable voltage source model based on passive supply voltage converter is established, utilising Dyn transformer to carry unbalanced load for a long time. The model output voltage is the same amplitude and frequency as that of single‐phase ground fault phase, but opposite phase. The compensation switch is operated when a ground fault occurs. The output voltage amplitude of the controllable voltage source is controlled, the fault phase voltage is controlled to be 0 in the closed loop, the grounding fault arc current is eliminated and the arc grounding overvoltage is suppressed. The control strategy was verified by the PSCAD/EMTDC simulation model of single‐phase grounding fault arc in 10 kV distribution network and the real single‐phase fault experiment platform of 0.4 kV distribution network. Results proved the model and strategy's accuracy and effectiveness. It provides an engineering practical method for active suppression of arc grounding overvoltage in distribution network.
Towards Bi‐Dimensional driver models for automated driving system safety requirements: Validation of a kinematic model for evasive lane‐change maneuvers
Authors: Donà Riccardo , Mattas Konstantinos , Ciuffo Biagio 
Published: May 2023

AbstractPreventing traffic accidents is of paramount importance for society's well‐being. The topic is particularly relevant for driving automation given the high expectations about automated vehicles and the difficulty in estimating reliable safety figures for those complex systems. Under this premise, the present manuscript investigates how to derive a safety benchmark model for evasive lane‐change maneuvers that can also be applied in microsimulation frameworks. The approach leverages a jerk‐limited bang‐bang kinematic model for lane‐change and validates its minimum time prediction against other kinematic approaches and vehicle dynamical models based on a robust minimum‐time optimal control formulation. It is shown how kinematic modeling does not embrace steering angle constraints (at low‐speed) and misses the inertia effect (at high‐speed) thus introducing discrepancies. However, due to the introduction of a braking model, it can be safely claimed that the low‐speed discrepancy between the kinematic and the dynamic models lies in a region where stopping is still the most efficient reaction. Moreover, a method is shown to compute the effective lateral acceleration for a kinematic model to match the dynamical system's maneuvering. The kinematic lane‐change model can thus constitute a valid performance benchmark provided that conservative assumptions are used when calibrating its maximum lateral acceleration.
A control strategy of microgrid voltage source inverter based on self‐learning sliding mode control
Authors: Zhang Zunyang , Li Xuesheng , Sun Ying 
Published: May 2023

AbstractIn island mode, voltage source inverter (VSI) supports the frequency and voltage of microgrid. After the complex load is connected, the VSI control performance is degraded, and the output voltage has deviation, negative sequence, waveform distortion and other problems, which further deteriorate the power quality of the microgrid. Different from the traditional strategy that only focus on a single problem, the strategy proposed in this paper can deal with these three power quality problems simultaneously. In this paper, a self‐learning sliding mode control strategy is proposed. First, a nonlinear smooth function is used to design an expansion observer, which can estimate the expansion state of the internal uncertainties and external disturbances of the control system. Second, the extended observer is combined with the self‐learning synovial control technology to realize the self‐learning synovial disturbance rejection control of VSI control strategy. This strategy can improve the stability of voltage control under various working conditions without precise mathematical model. The simulation results show that, compared with the traditional control strategy, this strategy has good robustness under different working conditions.
Retracted Article: Ankrd36 Inhibits Nuclear Factor-κB Activation and Inflammation in Mice Aortic Endothelial Cells
Authors: Xue Yuanyuan 
Published: May 2023

The authors have expressed the wish to retract this article on the ground that they have inadvertently used material without proper authorization. They apologized for the inconvenience caused.
The Publisher and Editor(s) approved to the retraction.
ELDTIP: An Ensemble Learning-based method for DTI Prediction
Authors: Zou Xiangyu 
Published: May 2023

Exploring drug-target interactions has always been an important step in drug development. However, exploring drug-target interaction is time-consuming and laborious. A large number of studies try to use artificial intelligence methods to predict possible drug-target interactions to reduce the workload of the wet-lab identification experiments. However, the accuracy of existing methods is still limited.
This paper proposes an ensemble learning-based drug-target interaction prediction method (ELDTIP in short). First, the multiple similarity matrices of drugs or proteins are integrated by singular value decomposition (SVD) to obtain their low-dimensional feature vectors. After that, by concatenating the low-dimensional feature vectors of specific drugs and targets, the feature vector of a drug-target pair are obtained. An ensemble learning model based on gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) was constructed to predict whether this pair of drug-target can interact with each other. The main contributions of ELDTIP are as follows: (1): ELDTIP uses SVD to integrate multiple similarity matrices, which can retain more valuable information of the original feature. (2): ELDTIP uses the ensemble learning-based model, GBDT, which can make full use of the unknown DTIs in the dataset and mitigate the influence of class imbalance. Experimental results show that the performance of ELDTIP is higher than that of several state-of-the-art DTI prediction methods.
Sieben Jahre Innovationsfonds – Zwischenfazit und
Reformbedarfe aus Sicht der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung
Authors: Stoff-Ahnis Stefanie , Nölke Laura , Dick Anna 
Published: May 2023

Zusammenfassung
Zielsetzung: Durch den Innovationsfonds werden seit sieben Jahren neue
Versorgungsformen und Versorgungsforschung aus Mitteln der Gesetzlichen
Krankenversicherung gefördert. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist eine Bewertung
des Innovationsfonds aus Sicht der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung.
Methodik: Der aktuelle Stand des Innovationsfonds und die gesetzliche
Gesamtevaluation werden skizziert und bewertet. Schließlich werden
Reformbedarfe dargestellt.
Ergebnisse: Trotz wichtiger Impulse für die Gesundheitsversorgung
ist der Erfolg des Innovationsfonds noch nicht abschließend
bewertbar.
Schlussfolgerungen: Aus Sicht des GKV-Spitzenverbandes wäre eine
Entfristung des Innovationsfonds verfrüht. Vielmehr sollte die
Fördersumme von jährlich 200 Millionen Euro deutlich gesenkt
werden. Darüber hinaus bestehen weitere Reformbedarfe.
Is Faster Better? Relationships of Cesarean Acuity with Risk of Low Apgar Scores and Fetal Acidemia
Authors: Diaz-Rodriguez Gian , Braverman Alexis , Elam Gloria G. , Norris-Stojak Doreen , Harmon Kathleen , Hartwig Julie , Dunlap Tiana , Nixon Heather , Rasamimari Phornphat , Buhimschi Irina A. , Buhimschi Catalin S. 
Published: May 2023

Objective Timely response to obstetrical emergencies is highly desired. The recommendation for decision-to-incision (DTI) time in cesarean delivery (CD) of not more than 30 minutes was issued to prevent neonatal hypoxic–ischemic morbidities. We analyzed the efficiency with which an institutional-specific CD acuity classification system (emergent case: target DTI ≤ 15 minutes; urgent case: target DTI ≤ 30 minutes) reflected in the actual DTI time, Apgar scores, and newborn acid–base status.
Study Design Data on all 610 cesarean sections (CSs) performed over a 14-month period at a tertiary medical center were retrospectively extracted. Cases grouped by target DTI time categories were compared for proportions in low Agar scores and fetal acidosis. Multivariable regression was used to identify clinical variables associated with the need for neonatal resuscitation.
Results During the study period, 60 (10%) of CSs were emergent, 296 (49%) urgent, and 254 (41%) elective. The target DTI ≤ 15 minutes was achieved in 68% of emergent CSs with 93% having a DTI ≤ 30 minutes. Among urgent surgeries, the target DTI ≤ 30 minutes was reached in 48% of cases with 83% having DTI ≤ 45 minutes. Compared with both urgent and scheduled procedures the incidence of newborn acidosis and Apgar scores ≤4 and ≤7 was the highest among emergent CSs. The proportion of moderate and severe acidosis for deliveries with DTI ≤ 15 minutes was significantly higher compared with procedures with DTI 16 to 30 and >30 minutes. The need for neonatal resuscitation, including intubation, was independently associated with fetal acidosis, low gestational age, surgery acuity level, general anesthesia, but not with the actual DTI time.
Conclusion Adherence to tight DTI time targets is pragmatically difficult. The need for neonatal resuscitation varies with the acuity of the procedure but not with the actual DTI interval, implying that within certain time limits, the indication for surgery plays a greater role in the status of the newborn than the speed of the CS.
Key Points
Rhodium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Acylation of 2-(Indol-1-yl)-benzoic Acids under Redox-Neutral Conditions
Authors: Suzuki Hirotsugu , Matsuda Takanori , Takemura Yosuke 
Published: May 2023

AbstractWe developed a novel access to indoloindolone by a rhodium-catalyzed intramolecular acylation of 2-(indol-1-yl)benzoic acids. This reaction proceeds via the in situ formation of a mixed anhydride under redox-neutral reaction conditions. Preliminary mechanistic investigations revealed that the in situ formed mixed anhydride participates in the C–H activation step, which is facilitated by a RhI catalyst. The utility of this reaction was demonstrated by a large-scale reaction.
Enantioselective Bromination of Silyl Enol Ethers with Chiral Pentacarboxycyclopentadienyl Bromide
Authors: Li Pingfan , Liu Guo 
Published: May 2023

AbstractChiral pentacarboxycyclopentadienyl bromide reagents were synthesized to accomplish enantioselective bromination of silyl enol ethers to give corresponding α-bromoketone products in good yields and up to 77% ee. A catalytic version of this reaction was also demonstrated through the combination of Lewis acid activators and diethyl 2,2-dibromomalonate as stoichiometric achiral bromine source.
Synthesis of (2-Nitro-1-AfAlemphenylethyl)malononitriles by Michael Addition of Masked Acyl Cyanides to Nitroalkenes
Authors: Sun Haoyi , Guo Yongcheng , Zhi Ying , Zhao Kun , Yao Qingqiang , Li Huajie , Wang Meiling , Ding Tiandi 
Published: May 2023

AbstractA highly efficient method has been developed for the synthesis of (2-nitro-1-phenylethyl)malononitriles through a Michael addition reaction between substituted nitroolefins and masked acyl cyanide reagents, serving as carbon monoxide equivalents. Under mild conditions, the reaction took place with excellent yields (90–98%), providing a short entry into a series of the title compounds in a scalable fashion. An asymmetric version of this reaction has also been briefly explored.
Finite Element Modeling of the Human Wrist: A Review
Authors: Mena Andres , Wollstein Ronit , Baus Juan , Yang James 
Published: May 2023

Abstract
Background Understanding wrist biomechanics is important to appreciate and treat the wrist joint. Numerical methods, specifically, finite element method (FEM), have been used to overcome experimental methods' limitations. Due to the complexity of the wrist and difficulty in modeling, there is heterogeneity and lack of consistent methodology in the published studies, challenging our ability to incorporate information gleaned from the various studies.
Questions/Purposes This study summarizes the use of FEM to study the wrist in the last decade.
Methods We included studies published from 2012 to 2022 from databases: EBSCO, Research4Life, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Twenty-two studies were included.
Results FEM used to study wrist in general, pathology, and treatment include diverse topics and are difficult to compare directly. Most studies evaluate normal wrist mechanics, all modeling the bones, with fewer studies including cartilage and ligamentous structures in the model. The dynamic effect of the tendons on wrist mechanics is rarely accounted for.
Conclusion Due to the complexity of wrist mechanics, the current literature remains incomplete. Considering published strategies and modeling techniques may aid in the development of more comprehensive and improved wrist model fidelity.
Quantifying faecal cortisol metabolites in rescued orphaned koala joeys undergoing rehabilitation†
Authors: Pahuja Harsh Gaurav , Narayan Edward Jitik 
Published: May 2023

Mortality is prevalent in koala joeys being hand reared/rehabilitated, with little knowledge about the causes of such high rates of mortality. Wildlife hospitals/rehabilitation expose koala joeys to novel husbandry environments that create stressful stimulus for these animals. Furthermore, loss of the mother and/or being raised by a human can be threatening and/or stressful. The hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis plays a vital role in mediating the stress endocrine response of vertebrate species including marsupials (by adrenocortical release of glucocorticoids such as cortisol), however, there are no studies that quantify cortisol metabolites in koala joeys. To contribute to this dearth of knowledge, the primary aim of this study was to quantify the levels of faecal cortisol metabolites (as an index of physiological stress) in koala joeys undergoing rehabilitation. A total of 39 faecal samples were collected from four koala joeys admitted at a wildlife hospital in New South Wales, Australia. The samples were processed and analysed for faecal cortisol metabolites (FCM) using a polyclonal R4866 cortisol enzyme-immunoassay which has been previously biologically validated in adult koalas. The results indicated that there was significant inter-individual variation in FCM concentrations among the joeys, however, these differences were not based on the sex of the joeys. The average FCM concentration among joeys varied from 18.34 to 44.18 ng/g. Our study provides the first record of physiological stress in male and female rescued koala joeys by indexing FCM concentrations during rehabilitation.
Hematopoietic Jagged1 is a fetal liver niche factor required for functional maturation and engraftment of fetal hematopoietic stem cells
Authors: Shao Lijian , Paik Na Yoon , Sanborn Mark A. , Bandara Thilinie , Vijaykumar Anjali , Sottoriva Kilian , Rehman Jalees , Nombela-Arrieta Cesar , Pajcini Kostandin V. 
Published: May 2023

Notch signaling is essential for the emergence of definitive hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in the embryo and their development in the fetal liver niche. However, how Notch signaling is activated and which fetal liver cell type provides the ligand for receptor activation in HSCs is unknown. Here we provide evidence that endothelial Jagged1 (Jag1) has a critical early role in fetal liver vascular development but is not required for hematopoietic function during fetal HSC expansion. We demonstrate that Jag1 is expressed in many hematopoietic cells in the fetal liver, including HSCs, and that its expression is lost in adult bone marrow HSCs. Deletion of hematopoietic Jag1 does not affect fetal liver development; however, Jag1-deficient fetal liver HSCs exhibit a significant transplantation defect. Bulk and single-cell transcriptomic analysis of HSCs during peak expansion in the fetal liver indicates that loss of hematopoietic Jag1 leads to the downregulation of critical hematopoietic factors such as GATA2, Mllt3, and HoxA7, but does not perturb Notch receptor expression. Ex vivo activation of Notch signaling in Jag1-deficient fetal HSCs partially rescues the functional defect in a transplant setting. These findings indicate a new fetal-specific niche that is based on juxtracrine hematopoietic Notch signaling and reveal Jag1 as a fetal-specific niche factor essential for HSC function.
Epstein–Barr virus LMP1 protein promotes proliferation and inhibits differentiation of epithelial cells via activation of YAP and TAZ
Authors: Singh Deo R. , Nelson Scott E. , Pawelski Abigail S. , Kansra Alisha S. , Fogarty Stuart A. , Bristol Jillian A. , Ohashi Makoto , Johannsen Eric C. , Kenney Shannon C. 
Published: May 2023

Latent Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection promotes undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs) in humans, but the mechanism(s) for this effect has been difficult to study because EBV cannot transform normal epithelial cells in vitro and the EBV genome is often lost when NPC cells are grown in culture. Here we show that the latent EBV protein, LMP1 (Latent membrane protein 1), induces cellular proliferation and inhibits spontaneous differentiation of telomerase-immortalized normal oral keratinocytes (NOKs) in growth factor-deficient conditions by increasing the activity of the Hippo pathway effectors, YAP (Yes-associated protein) and TAZ (Transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif). We demonstrate that LMP1 enhances YAP and TAZ activity in NOKs both by decreasing Hippo pathway-mediated serine phosphorylation of YAP and TAZ and increasing Src kinase-mediated Y357 phosphorylation of YAP. Furthermore, knockdown of YAP and TAZ is sufficient to reduce proliferation and promote differentiation in EBV-infected NOKs. We find that YAP and TAZ are also required for LMP1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Importantly, we demonstrate that ibrutinib (an FDA-approved BTK inhibitor that blocks YAP and TAZ activity through an off-target effect) restores spontaneous differentiation and inhibits proliferation of EBV-infected NOKs at clinically relevant doses. These results suggest that LMP1-induced YAP and TAZ activity contributes to the development of NPC.
Antithetic effects of agonists and antagonists on the structural fluctuations of TRPV1 channel
Authors: Sumino Ayumi , Zhao Yimeng , Mukai Daichi , Sumikama Takashi , Puppulin Leonardo , Hattori Motoyuki , Shibata Mikihiro 
Published: May 2023

Transient receptor potential vanilloid member 1 (TRPV1) is a heat and capsaicin receptor that allows cations to permeate and cause pain. As the molecular basis for temperature sensing, the heat capacity (Δ
C
p
) model [D. E. Clapham, C. Miller,
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
108
, 19492–19497 (2011).] has been proposed and experimentally supported. Theoretically, heat capacity is proportional to a variance in enthalpy, presumably related to structural fluctuation; however, the fluctuation of TRPV1 has not been directly visualized. In this study, we directly visualized single-molecule structural fluctuations of the TRPV1 channels in a lipid bilayer with the ligands resiniferatoxin (agonist, 1,000 times hotter than capsaicin) and capsazepine (antagonist) by high-speed atomic force microscopy. We observed the structural fluctuations of TRPV1 in an apo state and found that RTX binding enhances structural fluctuations, while CPZ binding suppresses fluctuations. These ligand-dependent differences in structural fluctuation would play a key role in the gating of TRPV1.
A tessellated lymphoid network provides whole-body T cell surveillance in zebrafish
Authors: Robertson Tanner F. , Hou Yiran , Schrope Jonathan , Shen Simone , Rindy Julie , Sauer John-Demian , Dinh Huy Q. , Huttenlocher Anna 
Published: May 2023

Homeostatic trafficking to lymph nodes allows T cells to efficiently survey the host for cognate antigen. Nonmammalian jawed vertebrates lack lymph nodes but maintain diverse T cell pools. Here, we exploit in vivo imaging of transparent zebrafish to investigate how T cells organize and survey for antigen in an animal devoid of lymph nodes. We find that naïve-like T cells in zebrafish organize into a previously undescribed whole-body lymphoid network that supports streaming migration and coordinated trafficking through the host. This network has the cellular hallmarks of a mammalian lymph node, including naïve T cells and CCR7-ligand expressing nonhematopoietic cells, and facilitates rapid collective migration. During infection, T cells transition to a random walk that supports antigen-presenting cell interactions and subsequent activation. Our results reveal that T cells can toggle between collective migration and individual random walks to prioritize either large-scale trafficking or antigen search in situ. This lymphoid network thus facilitates whole-body T cell trafficking and antigen surveillance in the absence of a lymph node system.
A large conserved family of small-molecule carboxyl methyltransferases identified from microorganisms
Authors: Lin Zhi , Hu Zhiwei , Zhou Linjun , Liu Benben , Huang Xiaowei , Deng Zixin , Qu Xudong 
Published: May 2023

Small-molecule carboxyl methyltransferases (CbMTs) constitute a small proportion of the reported methyltransferases, but they have received extensive attention due to their important physiological functions. Most of the small-molecule CbMTs isolated to date originate from plants and are members of the SABATH family. In this study, we identified a type of CbMT (OPCMT) from a group of
Mycobacteria
, which has a distinct catalytic mechanism from the SABATH methyltransferases. The enzyme contains a large hydrophobic substrate-binding pocket (~400 Å
3
) and utilizes two conserved residues, Thr20 and Try194, to retain the substrate in a favorable orientation for catalytic transmethylation. The OPCMT_like MTs have a broad substrate scope and can accept diverse carboxylic acids enabling efficient production of methyl esters. They are widely (more than 10,000) distributed in microorganisms, including several well-known pathogens, whereas no related genes are found in humans. In vivo experiments implied that the OPCMT_like MTs was indispensable for
M. neoaurum
, suggesting that these proteins have important physiological functions.