bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hollow Microneedle‐based Plasmonic Sensor for on Patch Detection of Molecules in Dermal Interstitial Fluid
Authors: Miranda Bruno , Battisti Mario , De Martino Selene , Nocerino Valeria , Dardano Principia , De Stefano Luca , Cangiano Giancarlo 
Published: April 2023

AbstractInterstitial fluid (ISF) extraction and analysis are challenges that can be tackled by Hollow MicroNeedles (HMNs) technology, overcoming most of the difficulties associated with in situ detection. Herein, a plasmonic transducer, composed of gold nanoparticles embedded in poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) hydrogels, is integrated in the inner cavity of HMNs to detect biomarkers from the ISF‐based point‐of‐care. The wearable HMN‐based patch is used for minimally invasive pierce of the skin. The large swelling capability of the plasmonic transducer allows the uptake of ISF by capillarity. Biotin, as a small model molecule, is efficiently collected in the inner cavity of HMN and its high specificity with the streptavidin is exploited as a validation of the plasmonic nanocomposite functionality embedded within. The recognition of biotin is achieved in dual‐optical mode: the localized surface plasmon resonance (label‐free) and the metal‐enhanced fluorescence (label‐based). Overall, the proposed HMN‐based patch for target sensing in ISF can represent a novel point‐of‐use device for the detection of biomarkers as an alternative to conventional hospital or lab settings to help faster medical decision‐making.
A Centimeter‐Scale Type‐II Weyl Semimetal for Flexible and Fast Ultra‐Broadband Photodetection from Ultraviolet to Sub‐Millimeter Wave Regime
Authors: Yang Qi , Wang Ximiao , He Zhihao , Chen Yijun , Li Shuwei , Chen Huanjun , Wu Shuxiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFlexible photodetectors with ultra‐broadband sensitivities, fast response, and high responsivity are crucial for wearable applications. Recently, van der Waals (vdW) Weyl semimetals have gained much attention due to their unique electronic band structure, making them an ideal material platform for developing broadband photodetectors from ultraviolet (UV) to the terahertz (THz) regime. However, large‐area synthesis of vdW semimetals on a flexible substrate is still a challenge, limiting their application in flexible devices. In this study, centimeter‐scale type‐II vdW Weyl semimetal, Td‐MoTe2 films, are grown on a flexible mica substrate by molecular beam epitaxy. A self‐powered and flexible photodetector without an antenna demonstrated an outstanding ability to detect electromagnetic radiation from UV to sub‐millimeter (SMM) wave at room temperature, with a fast response time of ≈20 µs, a responsivity of 0.53 mA W−1 (at 2.52 THz), and a noise‐equivalent power (NEP) of 2.65 nW Hz−0.5 (at 2.52 THz). The flexible photodetectors are also used to image shielded items with high resolution at 2.52 THz. These results can pave the way for developing flexible and wearable optoelectronic devices using direct‐grown large‐area vdW semimetals.
BEST1 Positive Monocytes in Circulation: Visualize Intratumoral Crosstalk between Cancer Cells and Monocytes
Authors: Zhang Luyao , Wang Yiran , Yuan Wei , An Changming , Tan Qin , Ma Jie 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHead and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are characterized by an abundance of monocytes and macrophages recruited from the peripheral blood. However, it has not been determined whether these infiltrated cells can be released back into circulation with a tumor‐associated neobiosignature. This study reports that Bestrophin1 (BEST1), a component protein of Ca2+‐activated Cl− channels (CaCCs), is highly expressed on classical monocytes in the peripheral blood of HNSCC patients. This is due to monocyte education by tumor cells, in which tumoral VEGF‐A upregulates BEST1 expression on monocytes through the MEK‐ERK‐ELK1 pathway. This leads to improved secretion of IL‐6 and IL‐8, which promotes tumor cell proliferation. This work also finds that BEST1 facilitates the motility of monocytes, contributing to the migration of these cells back into circulation. These results suggest that the expression of BEST1 on peripheral monocytes may be a potential tool for monitoring tumor progression, and opens up the possibility of searching for cancer biomarkers on monocytes rather than on the tumor or its products.
Highly Mimetic Ex Vivo Lung‐Cancer Spheroid‐Based Physiological Model for Clinical Precision Therapeutics
Authors: Shie Ming‐You , Fang Hsin‐Yuan , Kan Kai‐Wen , Ho Chia‐Che , Tu Chih‐Yen , Lee Pei‐Chih , Hsueh Po‐Ren , Chen Chia‐Hung , Lee Alvin Kai‐Xing , Tien Ni , Chen Jian‐Xun , Shen Yu‐Cheng , Chang Jan‐Gowth , Shen Yu‐Fang , Lin Ting‐Ju , Wang Ben , Hung Mien‐Chie , Cho Der‐Yang , Chen Yi‐Wen 
Published: April 2023

AbstractLung cancer remains a major health problem despite the considerable research into prevention and treatment methods. Through a deeper understanding of tumors, patient‐specific ex vivo spheroid models with high specificity can be used to accurately investigate the cause, metastasis, and treatment strategies for lung cancer. Biofabricate lung tumors are presented, consisting of patient‐derived tumor spheroids, endothelial cells, and lung decellularized extracellular matrix, which maintain a radial oxygen gradient, as well as biophysicochemical behaviors of the native tumors for precision medicine. It is also demonstrated that the developed lung‐cancer spheroid model reproduces patient responses to chemotherapeutics and targeted therapy in a co‐clinical trial, with 85% accuracy, 86.7% sensitivity, and 80% specificity. RNA sequencing analysis validates that the gene expression in the spheroids replicates that in the patient's primary tumor. This model can be used as an ex vivo predictive model for personalized cancer therapy and to improve the quality of clinical care.
HOOK1 Inhibits the Progression of Renal Cell Carcinoma via TGF‐β and TNFSF13B/VEGF‐A Axis
Authors: Yin Lei , Li Wenjia , Chen Xuxiao , Wang Ronghao , Zhang Tao , Meng Jialin , Li Zhao , Xu Li , Yin Rui , Cheng Bo , Yang Huan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAccumulating evidence shows HOOK1 disordered in human malignancies. However, the clinicopathological and biological significance of HOOK1 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remains rarely studied. In this study, the authors demonstrate that HOOK1 is downregulated in RCC samples with predicted poorer clinical prognosis. Mechanistically, HOOK1 inhibits tumor growth and metastasis via canonical TGF‐β/ALK5/p‐Smad3 and non‐canonical TGF‐β/MEK/ERK/c‐Myc pathway. At the same time, HOOK1 inhibits RCC angiogenesis and sunitinib resistance by promoting degradation of TNFSF13B through the ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway. In addition, HOOK1 is transcriptionally regulated by nuclear factor E2F3 in VHL dependent manner. Notably, an agonist of HOOK1, meletin, is screened and it shows antitumor activity more effectively when combined with sunitinib or nivolumab than it is used alone. The findings reveal a pivotal role of HOOK1 in anti‐cancer treatment, and identify a novel therapeutic strategy for renal cell carcinoma.
Formation and Band Gap Tuning Mechanism of Multicolor Emissive Carbon Dots from m‐Hydroxybenzaldehyde
Authors: Li Yan , Liu Can , Sun Hao , Chen Menglin , Hou Defa , Zheng Yunwu , Xie Haijiao , Zhou Bei , Lin Xu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractReported in 2004, carbon dots (CDs) have been widely used in various fields due to their excellent optical properties. However, the mechanism of their fluorescence modulation is still a controversial issue, which also seriously affects the further development of carbon dots. In this paper, m‐hydroxybenzaldehyde is used as a raw material to obtain multicolor luminescent CDs by pyrolysis under different reaction conditions, thereby revealing the forbidden band tuning and formation mechanism of CDs. Different acid–base conditions lead to different reaction paths of the precursors, forming molecular fluorophores with different conjugated structures, which aggregate to eventually form CDs and further enhance the photoluminescence of the system by inhibiting the movement of the fluorescent centers.
Large‐Scale Synthesis of Multifunctional Single‐Phase Co2C Nanomaterials
Authors: Yang Zhengyi , Zhao Tingting , Hao Shuyan , Wang Rutao , Zhu Chunyan , Tang Yunxiang , Guo Chan , Liu Jiurong , Wen Xiaodong , Wang Fenglong 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAchieving scalable synthesis of nanoscale transition‐metal carbides (TMCs), regarded as substitutes for platinum‐group noble metals, remains an ongoing challenge. Herein, a 100‐g scale synthesis of single‐phased cobalt carbide (Co2C) through carburization of Co‐based Prussian Blue Analog (Co‐PBA) is reported in CO2/H2 atmosphere under mild conditions (230 °C, ambient pressure). Textural property investigations indicate a successful preparation of orthorhombic‐phased Co2C nanomaterials with Pt‐group–like electronic properties. As a demonstration, Co2C achieves landmark photo‐assisted thermal catalytic CO2 conversion rates with photo‐switched product selectivity, which far exceeds the representative Pt‐group‐metal–based catalysts. This impressive result is attributed to the excellent activation of reactants, colorific light absorption, and photo‐to‐thermal conversion capacities. In addition to CO2 hydrogenation, the versatile Co2C materials show huge prospects in antibacterial therapy, interfacial water evaporation, electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction, and battery technologies. This study paves the way toward unlocking the potential of multi‐functional Co2C nanomaterials.
Small Size and Low‐Cost TENG‐Based Self‐Powered Vibration Measuring and Alerting System
Authors: Mehamud Idiris , Björling Marcus , Marklund Pär , Shi Yijun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractVibration measurement systems containing sensors, signal conditioning, and data acquisition devices, are important for monitoring motors, gearboxes, turbines, etc. Microelectromechanical and piezoelectric sensors are predominantly used for vibration measurements. However, they are not cost‐effective, flexible in design, and incapable of self‐powering. Recently, triboelectric nano‐generator (TENG)‐based vibration sensors have been considered as a possible alternative to resolve this problem, and tremendous progress has been achieved. Previous work on TENG‐based sensors is limited to optimizing the sensor design, while the signal conditioning and data acquisition of TENG signal still need investigation for actual applications. This work develops a TENG‐based vibration measurement device and self‐powered alerting system that is integrated with the signal condition and data acquisition systems. The experimental results show that the proposed measurement system successfully measures signals within the range of 0–1800 Hz frequency. Meanwhile, the TENG generates a high output, up to 80 V and 0.55 µA from small size TENG area (3.6 cm2). The signal is adequate to harvest energy for self‐powering to drive alerting components (harvest 320 mJ in 36 h, which drives alarming for duration of 1.5 s). The proposed device is cost‐effective (30 $), small (105 cm3), and consumes less power (0.18 W) in comparison to commercial devices.
Engineering Perovskite Precursor Inks for Scalable Production of High‐Efficiency Perovskite Photovoltaic Modules
Authors: Chung Jaehoon , Kim Seung‐Woo , Li You , Mariam Tamanna , Wang Xiaoming , Rajakaruna Manoj , Saeed Muhammad Mohsin , Abudulimu Abasi , Shin Seong Sik , Guye Kathryn N. , Huang Zixu , Westbrook Robert J. E. , Miller Emily , Subedi Biwas , Podraza Nikolas J. , Heben Michael J. , Ellingson Randy J. , Ginger David S. , Song Zhaoning , Yan Yanfa 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBlade coating of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and modules has progressed considerably toward the industrial production of perovskite photovoltaics. Developing stable perovskite precursors is critical for achieving uniform coating over large areas. Here, the engineering of a perovskite precursor solution consisting of 2‐methoxyethanol (2‐Me) and 1,3‐dimethyl‐imidazolidinone (DMI) with superior intermediate phase stability that enables scalable production of efficient perovskite solar modules is reported. With this perovskite precursor solution, uniform and pinhole‐less perovskite film is deposited over a large area of > 100 cm2 and higher‐efficiency PSCs and modules are obtained. The best‐performing unit cell and module with n‐i‐p configuration reach power conversion efficiencies of 23.4% and 20.1%, respectively. Additionally, a series of non‐destructive metrology methods, such as spectroscopic ellipsometry, hyperspectral photoluminescence, electroluminescence, and laser beam‐induced current mapping, are employed to assess and guide the development the blade‐coated perovskite modules. This results show that rational engineering of precursor inks for blade coating is promising for the scalable production of efficient perovskite solar modules.
Binder‐Induced Ultrathin SEI for Defect‐Passivated Hard Carbon Enables Highly Reversible Sodium‐Ion Storage
Authors: Li Wenbin , Guo Xiaoniu , Song Keming , Chen Jiacheng , Zhang Jiyu , Tang Guochuan , Liu Chuntai , Chen Weihua , Shen Changyu 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHard carbon is one of the most promosing anodes for resource‐rich sodium‐ion batteries. However, an unsatisfactory solid–electrolyte‐interphase formed by irreversible electrolyte consumption caused by defects or oxygen‐containing functional groups of hard carbon impedes its further application. Herein, a novel composite binder that is composed of polar polymer chondroitin sulfate A (sodium salt) and polyethylene oxide by hydrogen bonding demonstrates defect passivation capability. This composite binder can reduce the exposure of defects by forming hydrogen bonds with oxygen functional groups on the hard carbon surface and inhibit the decomposition of electrolyte confirmed by in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry. In situ Raman and theoretical calculations reveal that multiple polar functional groups in chondroitin sulfate A (sodium salt) can accelerate the transport of Na+ by adsorbing and facilitate the decomposition of PF6− to form NaF. Additionally, polyethylene oxide in the composite binder can increase viscosity and accelerate the transport of Na+. As a result, an ultra‐thin (9 nm, cyro‐TEM) and NaF‐rich solid–electrolyte interphase is obtained, thereby the hard carbon anode achieves improved initial Coulombic efficiency (84%) and high‐capacity retention of 94% after 150 cycles in a NaPF6/ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate electrolyte.
ROPS commentary—Addressing our fatal blind spot: Applying evidence‐based solutions to reduce the most frequent cause of death on U.S. farms
Authors: Sorensen Julie A. , Milkovich Pamela J. , Dorfman Lori , Mejia Pamela , Perez‐Sanz Sarah B. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTractor overturns are the most prominent contributing factor to death on U.S. farms and have been for decades. While public health researchers hypothesized years ago that overturn fatalities would largely disappear as older tractors were replaced by newer ones, this has not happened. In the meantime, farmers continue to die in these easily preventable and tragic events. Not only are tractor rollover protective structures (ROPS) 99% effective in preventing death in the event of an overturn, a national program exists to connect farmers with ROPS. While this program has been popular with farmers, and the cost‐effectiveness of providing farmers with technical support and cost‐sharing rebates has been demonstrated, many states lack access to ROPS rebates, even those states with the highest number of overturn fatalities. Given the evidence, it is difficult to reconcile the lack of policy or public investment in a solution that decisively addresses the most pernicious contributor to death in the agricultural industry. In this commentary, we highlight the science behind this proven solution to tractor overturns and the essential role that the media and implementation science can play in encouraging policy‐makers to save lives.
Sensitivity of Resonant Axion Haloscopes to Quantum Electromagnetodynamics
Authors: Tobar Michael E. , Thomson Catriona A. , McAllister Benjamin T. , Goryachev Maxim , Sokolov Anton V. , Ringwald Andreas 
Published: April 2023

AbstractRecently, interactions between putative axions and magnetic monopoles have been revisited by two of the authors.[1] It is shown that significant modifications to conventional axion electrodynamics arise due to these interactions, so that the axion–photon coupling parameter space is expanded from one parameter to three . Poynting theorem is implemented to determine how to exhibit sensitivity to and using resonant haloscopes, allowing new techniques to search for axions and a possible indirect way to determine if magnetically charged matter exists.
Ruthenium‐katalysierte entfernte Difunktionalisierung nicht‐aktivierter Alkene für die doppelte meta‐C(sp2)−H/C‐6(sp3)−H‐Funktionalisierung
Authors: Chen Shan , Yuan Binbin , Wang Yulei , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDie zweifache distale C−H‐Funktionalisierung wurde durch Difunktionalisierung von nicht aktivierten Alkenen erreicht, um einen schnellen Zugang zu hochfunktionalisierten Molekülen zu ermöglichen. Wir berichten hier über die Mehrkomponten‐Ruthenium‐katalysierte 1,n‐Ferndifunktionalisierung (n=6,7) von nicht aktivierten Alkenen mit Fluoralkylhalogeniden und Heteroarenen in modularer Weise. Die distale meta‐C(sp2)−H/C‐6(sp3)−H‐Funktionalisierung zeichnete sich durch milde Bedingungen, einzigartige Selektivität und einen breiten Substratbereich mit einem Domino‐Prozess für die zweifache C(sp2)−H/C(sp3)−H‐Fernaktivierung der sequentiellen Bildung von drei verschiedenen kohlenstoff‐zentrierten Radikalen aus. Auf der Grundlage detaillierter experimenteller und rechnerischer Studien wurde ein plausibler Mechanismus vorgeschlagen.
A Simple, Selective, and General Catalyst for Ring Closing Depolymerization of Polyesters and Polycarbonates for Chemical Recycling
Authors: Gallin Connor F. , Lee Won‐Woo , Byers Jeffery A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe ability to efficiently and selectively process mixed polymer waste is important to address the growing plastic waste problem. Herein, we report that the combination of ZnCl2 and an additive amount of poly(ethylene glycol) under vacuum can readily and selectively depolymerize polyesters and polycarbonates with high ceiling temperatures (Tc>200 °C) back to their constitute monomers. Mechanistic experiments implicate a random chain scission mechanism and a catalyst structure containing one equivalent of ZnCl2 per ethylene glycol repeat unit in the poly(ethylene glycol). In addition to being general for a wide variety of polyesters and polycarbonates, the catalyst system could selectively depolymerize a polyester in the presence of other commodity plastics, demonstrating how reactive distillation using the ZnCl2/PEG600 catalyst system can be used to separate mixed plastic waste.
Optically Controlled Construction of Three‐Dimensional Protein Arrays
Authors: Liu Qing , Zhou Yu , Shaukat Ahmed , Meng Zhuojun , Kyllönen Daniella , Seitz Iris , Langerreiter Daniel , Kuntze Kim , Priimagi Arri , Zheng Lifei , Kostiainen Mauri A. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractProtein crystallization is an important tool for structural biology and nanostructure preparation. Here, we report on kinetic pathway‐dependent protein crystals that are controlled by light. Photo‐responsive crystallites are obtained by complexing the model proteins with cationic azobenzene dyes. The crystalline state is readily switched to a dispersed phase under ultraviolet light and restored by subsequent visible‐light illumination. The switching can be reversibly repeated for multiple cycles without noticeable structure deterioration. Importantly, the photo‐treatment not only significantly increases the crystallinity, but creates crystallites at conditions where no ordered lattices are observed upon directly mixing the components. Further control over the azobenzene isomerization kinetics produces protein single crystals of up to ≈50 μm. This approach offers an intriguing method to fabricate metamaterials and study optically controlled crystallization.
Arene‐Perfluoroarene Force Driven Sublimation‐Removable Chiral Coassemblies
Authors: Liu Bingyu , Gao Junjie , Hao Aiyou , Xing Pengyao 
Published: April 2023

AbstractMultiple constituent coassembly is an emerging strategy to manipulate supramolecular chirality and chiroptical properties such as circularly polarized luminescence (CPL). However, the second or third constituent could not be removed from pristine self‐assembly. Here we developed a constitute‐removable chiral coassembly using sublimation that could realize coassembly with tunable supramolecular chirality, luminescence and CPL properties. Octafluoronapthalene (OFN) with small sublimation enthalpy formed coassemblies with perylene‐conjugated peptoids via arene‐perfluoroarene (AP) interaction that induced the emergence of macroscopic chirality and hypsochromic luminescence from yellow to green. Coassembly with OFN accelerated one‐dimensional growth and induced the emergence of macroscopic chirality and CPL. Despite the stability at ambient conditions, vacuum‐treatment triggered fast sublimation of OFN, which behaved as a sacrificial template. Physical removal of OFN retained the helical nanoarchitectures as well as the basic features of Cotton effects and CPL activities. X‐ray diffraction suggested the back‐fill consolidation occurred on the molecular voids by OFN removal that slightly varied the templated molecular arrangements. Sublimation of perfluorinated building units is green and efficient and non‐destructive, which is potentially applicable in constructing template‐directed chiroptical materials and devices.
Ruthenium‐Catalyzed Remote Difunctionalization of Nonactivated Alkenes for Double meta‐C(sp2)−H/C‐6(sp3)−H Functionalization
Authors: Chen Shan , Yuan Binbin , Wang Yulei , Ackermann Lutz 
Published: April 2023

AbstractTwofold distal C−H functionalization was accomplished by difunctionalization of nonactivated alkenes to provide rapid access to multifunctionalized molecules. The multicomponent ruthenium‐catalyzed remote 1,n‐difunctionalization (n=6,7) of nonactivated alkenes with fluoroalkyl halides and heteroarenes in a modular manner is reported. The meta‐C(sp2)−H/C‐6(sp3)−H distal functionalization featured mild conditions, unique selectivity, and broad substrate scope with a domino process for twofold remote C(sp2)−H/C(sp3)−H activation of the sequential formation of three different carbon‐centered radicals. A plausible mechanism was proposed based on detailed experimental and computational studies.
Functionalized Hydrocarbon Belts: Synthesis, Structure and Properties
Authors: Peng Yi , Tong Shuo , Zhang Yang , Wang Mei‐Xiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractHydrocarbon belts have drawn great attention because of their unique structures and tantalizing properties. Although a few belts and heteroatom‐doped analogs have been synthesized, belt molecules containing non‐hexagonal rings remain rare. Herein we report the construction and application of unprecedented zigzag‐type hydrocarbon belts which contain functionalized eight‐membered rings. The synthesis features fourfold intramolecular acylation reactions of resorcin[4]arene‐derived intermediates, which affords C4‐symmetric tetrabenzobelt[4]arene[4]cyclooctatrienones. Stereoselective ketone reduction with LiAlH4 and nucleophilic addition with alkynyllithiums provide the corresponding tetrahydroxylated belts. The tetraol and its methyl ether are powerful and selective hosts to form 2 : 1 and 1 : 1 complexes with cesium ion, respectively, with binding constants up to (1.71±0.33)×1011 M−2 and (1.50±0.16)×106 M−1. In addition, enantiopure C4‐symmetric belts can emit CPL with |glum| being around 0.01.