bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Сombating drug crime as a complex system of legal reaction of law enforcement agencies to criminal phenomena
Authors: Stupnyk Ya.V , Martsenyshyn Iu. I. , Hetsko М.М. , Matsola A.A. 
Published: January 2023

The article carries out a criminological analysis of the main elements of the drug crime prevention mechanism as a complex system of legal response of law enforcement agencies to criminal phenomena, characterized by an integral complex of interrelated elements, and on this basis the researched concept is formulated and the differences between the closest adjacent categories are shown.
It was determined that the concept of the mechanism of combating crime in the field of illegal drug trafficking as a category has a double meaning. The complexity of choosing an approach to determining the constituent system elements of the mechanism also determines the complexity of the studied concept itself. The study of the mechanism as a system with all its interrelationships helped to fully reveal the meaning of this concept. As for such a social phenomenon as countering drug crime, the concept of "mechanism" must be used mainly in a practical aspect, bearing in mind the achievement of certain results of criminological influence from the activities of law enforcement agencies. At the same time, the concept of "crime prevention mechanism" is really related to the concept of "crime prevention".
The mechanism of drug crime prevention in his understanding is considered as a systemic and complex construction that can be interpreted within the framework of different approaches. These approaches, which make it possible to use the research potential of other sciences (mainly psychology, cybernetics, sociology, various branches of legal sciences that study various aspects of management), are aimed at revealing certain, sometimes very important, aspects of crime prevention and its mechanisms.
Based on the results of the conducted research, it was concluded that the mechanism of combating drug crime is considered as such a system formation (all aggregates as a single entity) of norms, principles, institutions (state-legal and socio-political), forms, methods and means (organizational, legal, economic, socio-psychological), connections and relations, with the help of which the criminological influence of law enforcement agencies on specific objects is carried out in order to achieve certain goals. In this narrow (literal) understanding, this mechanism is a set of forms, methods and means used by individual subjects to carry out broad activities in the field of combating drug crime. It was determined that the criminological doctrine and practice of law enforcement confirmed that the dynamics and structure of modern drug crime are determined not only by the traditional causes and conditions of this negative social phenomenon, long studied by specialists, but also by specific criminogenic factors caused by various crisis phenomena and processes, generated by new complex social - economic and domestic political realities in which Ukrainian society found itself.
International standards of mediation as an alternative way to resolve legal disputes and their implementation in the conditions of european integration of Ukraine
Authors: Istin S.О. 
Published: January 2023

The article describes the international standards of mediation as an alternative way of resolving legal disputes and substantiating the prospects of their implementation in Ukraine.
It is substantiated that the leading role in the formation of mediation standards is played by global and regional international organizations and unions, in particular, the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the European Union, the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, the International Chamber of Commerce, the World Trade Organization, etc. Due to their normative and organizational activities, these entities have developed a number of leading and effective mediation standards, the implementation of which is still relevant for Ukraine. Considering the European integration intentions of Ukraine, the implementation of the standards of the Council of Europe and taking into account the experience and standards of mediation formed by the European Union are particularly relevant.
International standards of mediation should be conditionally divided into two groups: 1) those related to the professional activity of mediation: professionalism of the mediator, experience, independence, neutrality and objectivity, responsibility of the mediator; 2) those related to the procedure and consequences of mediation: initiation of mediation by the parties or an authorized body, contractual grounds for conducting it, confidentiality, quality of mediation, guarantee of legal protection regardless of the conduct of mediation, clarity of the procedure and consequences of mediation for the parties, honesty of the mediation process, obligation of the decision made for the parties, payment of the mediator's services, etc.
Standards related to ensuring the quality of mediation in Ukraine require implementation into the current legislation on mediation. The legislation does not define effective, simple and effective mechanisms for monitoring the quality of mediation. In particular, the possibility of bringing the mediator to civil, administrative, and criminal liability is determined. But there are actually no grounds for such responsibility in the industry legislation, which creates a gap.
A POSTMODERNIST CRITIQUE OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY’S RESPONSE TO THE GENOCIDE IN RWANDA: HOW THE UN’S RHETORIC CONTRIBUTED TO HUMANITARIAN FAILURE
Authors: BONTEA George Horațiu 
Published: January 2023

The gruesome savagery displayed during the events in Rwanda astounded the entire world. Even more outrageous is the fact that the international community did not have a strong response to the massacre and allowed millions of lives to be affected by the actions of Akazu. In this essay, I wish to propose that, drawing on the notion that postmodernist international theory's metanarratives can be created inside the framework of international politics, I look at a horrific incident that shocked the public. This study aims to address the issue, Why was the rhetoric of the United Nations potentially fueling the brutality of the Rwandan genocide? to demonstrate that the international community's rhetoric played a significant role in these sad events. All of them point to the fact that the way we classify and prioritise humanitarian situations can be considerably influenced by a international organisation with accepted authority in the international community. We saw the construction of a Rwanda Civil War metanarrative that only showed one side of the conflict before collapsing in the face of the terrible truth of what had actually occurred.
Approach to the pruritic horse
Authors: White Stephen D. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Pruritus in the horse may be due to several causes, the most common being a hypersensitivity response to salivary proteins in the Culicoides genera, which may coexist with atopic dermatitis, also known as an environmental allergy to pollens, molds, dust, storage mites, etc. Less common etiologies are food allergy and contact allergy, the latter often caused by owners applying various products to the skin. Other ectoparasites, such as Chorioptes mites, may also initiate pruritus. Secondary bacterial infections (usually Staphylococcus spp) may be pruritic in and of themselves.
This article reviews the questions that need to be asked of owners to obtain a relevant history, always important for any organ system, but perhaps none more so than the skin. The various clinical findings such as alopecia and crusts and their location on the horse, diagnostic methods such as intradermal or serum testing for allergies, and subsequent hyposensitization are also discussed. Therapeutic options currently available for the potential underlying diseases, in particular for the hypersensitivity reactions to Culicoides spp or environmental allergens, are reviewed with the studies of hyposensitization over the last 40 years, as well as medications that may be effective.
While the most common causes of pruritus in the horse are known, the current understanding of the pathophysiology still needs to be investigated, and consequently, the most effective treatments for those causes need to be improved. Newer research is discussed that may eventually add to the diagnostic and therapeutic options currently available for the pruritic horse.
Algorithms for reconstruction of impedance spectra from non-uniformly sampled step responses
Authors: Zaikou Y. , Gansauge C. , Echtermeyer D. , Pliquett U. 
Published: January 2023

Abstract
Fast and reliable bioimpedimetric measurements are of growing importance in many practical applications. In this work we used a measurement method in time domain by processing the step response of the biological system under test. In order to decrease the data volume and computation time while retaining all relevant information the step response is sampled non-uniformly. Consequently, fast Fourier transform cannot be directly used for spectrum calculation and non-conventional data processing algorithms for transforming measured data into the frequency domain are required.
In this paper we present corresponding computational methods. They are split into two groups. The first group is oriented on calculating the local approximation of the measured step response with a set of proper functions and calculating its spectrum via analytical Fourier transform, thus yielding a relatively versatile approach for estimating the impedance spectrum. In this case, the choice of approximating functions that suit known a priori properties of the measured signals are of great importance.
A second group of methods relies on the evaluation of important signal parameters directly in the time domain. In this case we use a priori information about the measurement object in the form of an underlying model. After that the model is fitted to the measured data and thus, parameter values are extracted.
Practical aspects, advantages and drawbacks of all considered data processing steps are revealed when applying them to the measurements made with real biological objects.
Jakość kształcenia wyższego w warunkach wojennych: wskaźniki i perspektywy badań
Authors: Nechytaylo Iryna 
Published: January 2023

Artykuł jest poświęcony problemowi zapewnienia jakości szkolnictwa wyższego w warunkach wojny. Celem artykułu jest identyfikacja wskaźników jakości szkolnictwa wyższego oraz określenie perspektyw socjologicznych badań jakości szkolnictwa wyższego z wykorzystaniem tych wskaźników. Wyniki ankiety internetowej przeprowadzonej przez „Info Sapiens” na zlecenie Szkoły Analityki Politycznej Uniwersytetu Narodowego „Akademia Kijowsko-Mohylańska” ujawniają mocne i słabe strony zapewniania jakości szkolnictwa wyższego w Ukrainie podczas konfliktu zbrojnego, który rozpoczął się w lutym 2022 roku. Odnotowuje się utratę motywacji studentów, spadek wymagań profesorów, brak spersonalizowanej komunikacji profesor–student oraz brak zrozumienia przez studentów wagi i konieczności takiej komunikacji, które zdaniem autorki są pewnymi wyznacznikami spadku tejże jakości.
Welfare Improvement Models and Strategies through Dissemination of Family Planning Information in the Remote Indigenous Community of Baduy
Authors: Sihabudin Ahmad , Dimyati Idi , Tobing Melati Mediana 
Published: January 2023

There are many types of contraceptives used by the Baduy remote indigenous communities (Baduy KAT) in Lebak regency, Banten, West Java, Indonesia. According to data, the number of family planning acceptors among the Baduy community stood at 1,529 in February 2021 comprising 1,503 in Outer Baduy and 26 in Inner Baduy. In the beginning, most Baduy KAT used implants before they changed contraceptives of their choice. This study aims to reveal what channels are used to disseminate information about family planning, as well as to ensure the effectiveness of the innovations about family planning information they receive. The method used is explanatory survey, with a frequency distribution to analyze and determine the relationship between variables and Spearman correlation analysis. The results showed that most respondents or 49% received family planning information from their relatives, 22% received it from health workers (posyandu cadres), 21% received it from village officials, 7% received it from indigenous community leaders (kakolot), and only 1% received it from the media. This study found that there is a fairly strong relationship between communication channels and the effectiveness of innovation acceptance. Most of the respondents stated that they decided to accept the family planning innovations concept within 6 months by using humans as a communication channel, such as their relatives, health workers, village officials, and kakolot leaders.
جريمة الزّنى ما بين الشريعة وأحكام العشائر ( دراسة فقهية معاصرة )
Authors: Ahmed Al-Tamimi Ahmed Sebti 
Published: January 2023

الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على سيدنا محمد وعلى آله وصحبه ومن سار على نهجه إلى يوم الدين.
أما بعد:
فلا يخفى على أحد أنّ الفقه الجنائي الإسلامي قد بدأ بالنهوض برسالته من جديد في تهذيب المجتمع، التي كان قد تنحى عنها بسبب زيادة حقد الطاعنين لهذا الدين، فكان هدف الغرب أن استهدف كل مالهذا الدين من مبادئ وقيم، وحاول زرع الريبة والشك بين صفوف شبابنا، فاستحوذ على عقول نفر من الناس، كانوا خير عون لاعداء الإسلام في الطعن بالفقه الاسلامي جملة وتفصيلا.
فكان من جرّاء ذلك بعض الآراء الشاذة، والافكار المفتعلة، في تأويل الروايات والاخبار، وفي تفسير هذه الآية أو تلك، ومع كل ما يجري والقانون الوضعي وحكم العشيرة، يحكم العالم الإسلامي اجمعه، حتى تفشّت معه جريمة الزّنى، وانتشر الفساد، وساد الظلم، وكثُر معه الابتزاز خاصة في ظل انتشار الانترنت بين ابناء هذا الجيل، فأصبح المسلم يرنو ويتطلع إلى ماضيه حيث كانت تسود الشريعة وحكمها العادل مع الالتزام بالدين والقيم العربية الاصيلة، ونتيجة لذلك أصبحت تُعقد الحلقات الدراسية والمؤتمرات والندوات، لتساعد الناس في ازالة مما علق باذهانهم بأن الشريعة الاسلامية هي قانون ظالم، وهي ضد الانسانية وتشويه كل قيم الاسلام، فكانت الشريعة الاسلامية متكاملة الجوانب أهدافها خيرة، مقاصدها نبيلة، وتبقى هي المتقدمة على ماسواها من قوانين واحكام من صنع البشر، فكان بحثنا الموسوم ( جريمة الزنى مابين حكم الشريعة والعشائر-دراسة فقهية معاصرة) قد القى الضوء على اخطر الجرائم في المجتمع الا وهي جريمة الزنى، يهدف البحث الى بيان خطورة جريمة الزنى وأثرها السلبي على الفرد والمجتمع بشكل عام، وقد أنكرتها كل الشرائع السماوية، بما فيها خاتمة الشرائع – شريعتنا الاسلامية- فضلا عن نبذها وبقوة من قبل العشائر، إذ لا يرتضيها أي مسلم لشرفه، وهذا مقصد من مقاصد الشريعة وهو الحفاظ على النسل.
الاستقلالية وعلاقتها بالسلوك الإيثاري لدى طلبة المرحلة الإعدادية
Authors: Jassim Shahbaa.A. 
Published: January 2023

يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على مستوى الاستقلالية والسوك الإيثاري ومعرفة العلاقة بينهما لدى طلبة المرحلة الإعدادية في مدينة تكريت إذ بلغت عينة البحث (100 ) طالب وطالبة من طالبات المرحلة الاعدادية، قامت الباحثة بالاعتماد على مقياس الاستقلالية الذي أعده كل من حسن والتميمي (2010), والذي تكون بصورته النهائية من (36) فقرة موزعة على ستة مجالات ولكل مجال، ستة فقرات ، كما تبنت الباحثة مقياس السلوك الإيثاري المعد من قبل (الداوودي 2004)لطلاب المرحلة الإعدادية ،،حيث تكون المقياس من(28) موقفا ، حيث تم عرض المقياسين على مجموعة من المحكمين لاستخراج الصدق الظاهري لهما ، وكذلك استخراج معامل الثبات من خلال طريقة إعادة الاختبار وقد بلغ معامل ثبات مقياس الاستقلالية (0,84) ، أما معامل ثبات مقياس السلوك الإيثاري فقد بلغ (0,82) ويعدان معاملات ثبات جيدة ومقبولة. وقد اظهرت النتائج ما يأتي :

إن طلبة المرحلة الإعدادية لديهم مستوى عال من الاستقلالية في قضاء تكريت.
إن طلبة المرحلة الإعدادية لديهم مستوى عال من السلوك الإيثاري في قضاء تكريت.
هنالك علاقة ارتباطية موجبة بين الاستقلالية والسلوك الإيثاري.
Neuromorphic Sensor Event-Rate Monitoring for Satellite Characterization
Authors: Jolley Andrew , Afshar Saeed , Cohen Greg , Lazarus Pahlavani Richard , Lambert Andrew 
Published: January 2023

A neuromorphic event-based camera was fitted to Electro Optic Systems’s 1.8 m telescope at Mount Stromlo in Canberra and used to observe 14 satellites in a variety of orbit regimes. Unique patterns in the fluctuations of each satellite’s event rate were analyzed to assess the utility of event-based sensors for satellite characterization. Event-rate curves were shown to be useful for determining the rotation rate of nonstabilized satellites, constraining the range of possible satellite orientations, and for differentiating between materials responsible for bright specular reflections in some cases.
COVID-19 and Family Schedule
Authors: Kovács Gusztáv 
Published: January 2023

The delicate balance between the private and the public sphere affects families in a unique way, whose social place is to be found at the border of the two. Families are fundamental resources for the public – primarily due to their capacity to reproduce – however, they also rely strongly on the frameworks provided by the public. The latter affects especially the time schedule of families. Two current events have also challenged the sensitive balance between the two speres. The COVID-19 pandemic pushed certain public roles and activities over to the private sphere due to social distancing rules and compulsory lockdowns. Meanwhile, the energy crisis caused by the war delegates these public roles and activities to the private sphere.
Carotid artery stenting for stenosis after carotid artery replacement: An illustrative case report
Authors: Nagatsuka Hiroki , Miki Yuma , Tetsuo Yoshiaki , Yabuzaki Hajime , Nakayama Sadayoshi , Tanaka Yuko , Matsuda Yoshikazu , Tsumoto Tomoyuki , Terada Tomoaki , Mizutani Tohru 
Published: January 2023

Background:
There are few reports on the treatment of carotid artery stenosis after arterial vessel replacement. We report and discuss an illustrative case of carotid artery stenting (CAS) performed for stenosis after carotid artery replacement.

Case Description:
A woman in her 20s experienced injury to the right carotid artery during an operation for removal of a carotid body tumor 6 years before presentation. The right common carotid artery and internal carotid artery were replaced with an artificial vessel graft at that time. Intraluminal stenosis in the graft was not identified 3 years after surgery; however, 4 years after surgery, stenosis was recognized at the non-anastomotic site inside the artificial vessel graft. Subsequently, antiplatelet therapy was initiated. The stenosis was noted to progress gradually in follow-up appointments. Therefore, we decided to intervene because of the patient’s young age and the risk of long-term hemodynamic stress. Angiography revealed pseudo-occlusion in the artificial vessel. Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was performed for stenosis with distal protection; subsequently, CAS was performed. The patient was discharged without neurological deficits 4 days after the operation, and no apparent restenosis was observed as of the 1-year follow-up.

Conclusion:
Stenosis after cervical artery replacement can be safely treated with CAS. Inflation pressure and stent should be selected according to the pathology of the stenosis.
Evaluation zur Wirksamkeit der Lehre im Modul Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik
Authors: Schlegel Beatrice , Wermann Caroline , Odenbach Stefan 
Published: January 2023

Ausgelöst durch die Corona-Bedingungen wurde in den letzten Jahren viel in der Lehre verändert. Dabei stellt sich die Frage, welche Elemente der Lehre – digitale wie nicht digitale – für den Lernprozess der Studierenden tatsächlich förderlich sind. Um sich dieser Fragestellung anzunähern, wurde für das Modul Mess- und Automatisierungstechnik ein Evaluationskonzept entwickelt und im Sommersemester 2022 erstmals umgesetzt, mit dem Ziel, die studentische Perspektive auf diese Frage zu erfassen. Im folgenden Artikel werden das Konzept und Ergebnisse vorgestellt und kritisch diskutiert. Außerdem wird der Nutzen einer Evaluation konkreter Lehr-Lernelemente für die Weiterentwicklung der Lehre hervorgehoben. Dieser wird gesteigert, je häufiger eine Evaluation durchgeführt wird – in nachfolgenden Semestern, in anderen Modulen oder auch an anderen Universitäten. Ein klares Ergebnis dieser Evaluation ist die Bevorzugung von Präsenzveranstaltungen (auch in Ergänzung der Möglichkeit, online teilzunehmen) gegenüber reinen Online-Angeboten.
Hereditary diseases and carrier’s screening programs in genetically isolated populations
Authors: М.Т. Саввина, , Н.Р. Максимова, , А.Л. Сухомясова, , И.Н. Лебедев, 
Published: January 2023

Генетические изоляты - особый тип популяций, которые на протяжении многих веков держались обособленно, демонстрируя меньшую генетическую изменчивость и отличаясь по своей генетической структуре от представителей других групп. Высокая степень изоляции малочисленных популяций человека на протяжении многих поколений создавала условия для дрейфа генов. Вследствие популяционных механизмов, таких как эффект основателя или эффект бутылочного горлышка, в изолированных популяциях наблюдается отягощение генетическим грузом наследственных заболеваний, что негативно воздействует на социально-экономический уровень, а также качество жизни населения. В настоящем обзоре изложены сведения о наследственных болезнях, обнаруженных в изолированных популяциях мира, о существующих программах молекулярно-генетического скрининга гетерозиготного носительства мутаций в генах наследственных болезней и о целесообразности внедрения таких программ в практику медико-генетического консультирования.
There are populations that have kept apart for many centuries, show less genetic variability and they differ in their genetic structure from representatives of other groups - genetic isolates. The high degree of isolation of small human populations for many generations has created good conditions for gene drift. Due to population mechanisms, such as the founder effect or the bottleneck effect there is a genetic burden of hereditary diseases, which observed in isolated populations, that negatively affects both social and economic level, as well as the quality of life. This review provides information about hereditary diseases in genetically isolated populations, existing carrier’s screening programs and the feasibility of its implementation.