bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Chemotherapy effect on myocardial fibrosis markers in patients with gynecologic cancer and low cardiovascular risk
Authors: Ye Lu , Wang Dan-qing , Yang Meng-xi , Li Qing-li , Luo Hong , Lin Xiao-juan , Li Ke-min , Song Liang , Ma Yu , Huang Hui-qiong , Zhong Lan , Yang Lu , Zhang Jian-jun , Gong Feng-ming , Xu Hua-yan , Xie Lin-jun , Yin Ru-tie , Guo Ying-kun 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundPatients with gynecologic cancers experience side effects of chemotherapy cardiotoxicity. We aimed to quantify cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) markers of myocardial fibrosis in patients with gynecologic cancer and low cardiovascular risk who undergo chemotherapy.MethodsThis study is part of a registered clinical research. CMR T1 mapping was performed in patients with gynecologic cancer and low cardiovascular risk undergoing chemotherapy. The results were compared with those of age-matched healthy control subjects.Results68 patients (median age = 50 years) and 30 control subjects were included. The median number of chemotherapy cycles of patients was 9.0 (interquartile range [IQR] 3.3–17.0). Extracellular volume fraction (ECV) (27.2% ± 2.7% vs. 24.5% ± 1.7%, P &lt; 0.001) and global longitudinal strain (−16.2% ± 2.8% vs. −17.4% ± 2.0%, P = 0.040) were higher in patients compared with controls. Patients with higher chemotherapy cycles (&gt;6 cycles) (n=41) had significantly lower intracellular mass indexed (ICMi) compared with both patients with lower chemotherapy cycles (≤6 cycles) (n=27) (median 27.44 g/m2 [IQR 24.03–31.15 g/m2] vs. median 34.30 g/m2 [IQR 29.93–39.79 g/m2]; P = 0.002) and the control group (median 27.44 g/m2 [IQR 24.03–31.15 g/m2] vs. median 32.79 g/m2 [IQR 27.74–35.76 g/m2]; P = 0.002). Patients with two or more chemotherapy regimens had significantly lower ICMi compared with both patients with one chemotherapy regimen (27.45 ± 5.16 g/m2 vs. 33.32 ± 6.42 g/m2; P &lt; 0.001) and the control group (27.45 ± 5.16 g/m2 vs. 33.02 ± 5.52 g/m2; P &lt; 0.001). The number of chemotherapy cycles was associated with an increase in the ECV (Standard regression coefficient [β] = 0.383, P = 0.014) and a decrease in the ICMi (β = -0.349, P = 0.009).ConclusionPatients with gynecologic cancer and low cardiovascular risk who undergo chemotherapy have diffuse extracellular volume expansion, which is obvious with the increase of chemotherapy cycles. Myocyte loss may be part of the mechanism in patients with a higher chemotherapy load.Clinical trial registrationhttp://www.chictr.org.cn, identifier ChiCTR-DDD-17013450.
Mild matters: trial learnings and importance of community engagement in research for early identified bilateral mild hearing loss
Authors: Sung Valerie , Ching Teresa Y. C. , Smith Libby , Marnane Vivienne , Saetre-Turner Michelle , King Alison , Beswick Rachael , Iseli Claire E. , Carew Peter 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionEarly identification of mild hearing loss has resulted in early hearing amplification without adequate evidence of effectiveness. This paper describes learnings from a pilot trial, combined with a qualitative study, to highlight the importance of community engagement in designing research studies to determine whether early amplification benefits young children with bilateral mild hearing loss.MethodsPART 1 of the study is a proof-of-concept non-blinded multi-centre randomised controlled trial (RCT) of hearing device fitting vs. no fitting aimed to gather preliminary data and determine its acceptability/feasibility in children &lt;2 years old with bilateral mild hearing loss.ResultsPART 2 is a qualitative study to understand the barriers/enablers to RCT participation. Of 40 potentially eligible families, nine (23%) declined, three were uncontactable (7%), 26 (65%) ineligible: of these, nine (35%) did not meet hearing threshold inclusion criteria, 11 (42%) were already fitted or had made decisions on fitting hearing device, two (7%) had conductive loss and four (16%) were ineligible for other reasons. Two of 11 (18%) eligible families were randomised. With the limited sample size, outcome measures were not compared between groups. Both participants completed the trial, reported the RCT to be acceptable, and neither changed group post-enrolment.DiscussionWhilst recruitment uptake could potentially be increased by altering the eligibility criteria, better communication with and reimbursement of clinicians as recruiters, and improving awareness of the study amongst external stakeholders, the RCT methodology does not conform to family-centred practice, and potentially raises ethical concerns regarding potential adverse consequences of not offering early amplification. Parental perception of losing control over choice of management due to randomisation is not an easily modifiable factor. Alternative methodological approaches without randomisation are required to determine whether hearing amplification benefits infants with mild hearing loss.Clinical Trial Registration: identifier [ACTRN12618001608257].
Life satisfaction in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic among middle school adolescents in France: findings from a repeated cross-sectional survey (EnCLASS, 2012–2021)
Authors: Hurel Cynthia , Ehlinger Virginie , Molcho Michal , Cohen Jérémie F. , Falissard Bruno , Sentenac Mariane , Godeau Emmanuelle 
Published: August 2023

Background and aimsSince the COVID-19 pandemic, several studies have reported a decrease in adolescents' well-being. We aim to describe life satisfaction over the last decade and examine the factors associated with its variations between 2020 and 2021 among French students in their last year of middle school (around 14–15 years old).MethodsData were drawn from a repeated biennial cross-sectional national survey conducted in French schools over the last decade (EnCLASS study), using a self-administered questionnaire. After describing life satisfaction trends between 2012 and 2021 using the Cantril ladder, we examined individual changes in life satisfaction between 2020 and 2021 and their associations with housing and studying conditions during the COVID-19 lockdown, using multinomial logistic regression analysis (decrease, increase, no change as reference).ResultsAmong the 17,686 survey respondents, an overall slight decrease in the prevalence of adolescents reporting high life satisfaction (i.e., Cantril score ≥6) was observed since 2012 with the lowest proportion reported in 2021 (77.4%). Between 2020 and 2021, 16.3% of French adolescents experienced an improvement in life satisfaction, while 17.7% experienced the opposite. Decrease in life satisfaction between 2020 and 2021 was more likely experienced by adolescents living in reconstructed families [aOR 2.09 (95%CI, 1.58–2.77)], those who did not have their own room [aOR 1.58 (1.16–2.15)], nor access to the Internet to interact with their friends during the lockdown [aOR 1.47 (1.09–1.98)]. Interestingly, more girls than boys were represented in both those reporting increase and decrease in life satisfaction [aOR 1.82 (1.40–2.37) and 1.43 (1.14–1.79), respectively].ConclusionsThis study shows that the way adolescents experienced the first 2020 lockdown in France was not uniform, and that one must consider sex as well as housing and studying conditions when interpreting adolescents' life satisfaction decrease during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Enhancing postpartum hemorrhage prediction in pernicious placenta previa: a comparative study of magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound nomogram
Authors: Song Zixuan , Wang Pengyuan , Zou Lue , Zhou Yangzi , Wang Xiaoxue , Liu Tong , Zhang Dandan 
Published: August 2023

Objective: To explore the risk factors of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in patients with pernicious placenta previa (PPP) and to develop and validate a clinical and imaging-based predictive model.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed surgically and pathologically with PPP between January 2018 and June 2022. All patients underwent PPP magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound scoring in the second trimester and before delivery, and were categorized into two groups according to PPH occurrence. The total imaging score and sub-item prediction models of the MRI risk score/ultrasound score were used to construct Models A and B/Models C and D. Models E and F were the total scores of the MRI combined with the ultrasound risk and sub-item prediction model scores. Model G was based on the subscores of MRI and ultrasound with the introduction of clinical data. Univariate logistic regression analysis and the logical least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) model were used to construct models. The receiver operating characteristic curve andision curve analysis (DCA) were drawn, and the model with the strongest predictive ability and the best clinical effect was selected to construct a nomogram. Internal sampling was used to verify the prediction model’s consistency.Results: 158 patients were included and the predictive power and clinical benefit of Models B and D were better than those of Models A and C. The results of the area under the curve of Models B, D, E, F, and G showed that Model G was the best, which could reach 0.93. Compared with Model F, age, vaginal hemorrhage during pregnancy, and amniotic fluid volume were independent risk factors for PPH in patients with PPP (p &lt; 0.05). We plotted the DCA of Models B, D, E, F, and G, which showed that Model G had better clinical benefits and that the slope of the calibration curve of Model G was approximately 45°.Conclusion: LASSO regression nomogram based on clinical risk factors and multiple conventional ultrasound plus MRI signs has a certain guiding significance for the personalized prediction of PPH in patients with PPP before delivery.
Effect of exercise intervention on smoking cessation: a meta-analysis
Authors: Zhou Yuehui , Feng Wenxia , Guo Yugang , Wu Juhua 
Published: August 2023

Background: Exercise has emerged as an effective approach to promote individual health and has shown potential in aiding smoking cessation. However, the specific benefits of exercise in smoking cessation remain unclear, and conflicting findings across studies may be attributed to variations in study populations and intervention characteristics. This study aims to conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of exercise interventions on tobacco dependence in smokers and assess the effectiveness of exercise in facilitating smoking cessation.Methods: A comprehensive search was performed in databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and Scopus to identify relevant randomized controlled trials published before 30 October 2022. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed during the review process. The quality of evidence (QoE) was assessed with GRADE (grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluations) methodology.Results: Acute exercise was found to significantly reduce smoking cravings [MD = −1.84, 95% CI (−2.92, −0.76), p &lt; 0.001; SMD = −1.64, 95% CI (−2.22, −1.05), p &lt; 0.001] and alleviate most withdrawal symptoms in smokers. However, there was no significant difference in the smoking cessation rate between the exercise group and the control group (p &gt; 0.05). Exercise was associated with increased positive mood [SMD = 0.36, 95% CI (0.14, 0.58), p = 0.001] and reduced negative mood in smokers [SMD = −0.26, 95% CI (−0.39, −0.12), p &lt; 0.001].Conclusion: Acute exercise interventions effectively reduce cravings and withdrawal symptoms in smokers. However, long-term exercise interventions do not significantly improve the smoking cessation rate. Exercise can help reduce negative mood and enhance positive mood in smokers. Smokers with high levels of tobacco dependence may derive less benefit from exercise. Factors such as literature quality, exercise intervention characteristics, and exercise adherence may influence the effectiveness of interventions.Trial registration: This research protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register for Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/). Registration number: CRD42022326109.
The plyometric treatment effects on change of direction speed and reactive agility in young tennis players: a randomized controlled trial
Authors: Sinkovic Filip , Novak Dario , Foretic Nikola , Kim Jinseo , Subramanian S. V. 
Published: August 2023

Aim: The aim of this paper is to determine the effect of 6 weeks of plyometric training on speed, explosive power, pre-planned agility, and reactive agility in young tennis players.Methods: The participants in this study included 35 male tennis players (age 12.14 ± 1.3 years, height 157.35 ± 9.53 cm and body mass 45.84 ± 8.43 kg at the beginning of the experiment). The biological age was calculated and determined for all participants. 18 of the participants were randomly assigned to the control group, and 17 were assigned to the experimental group. Running speed (sprints at 5, 10, and 20 m), change of direction speed (4 × 10, 20 yards, t-test, TENCODS), reactive agility (TENRAG), and explosive power (long jump, single leg triple jump, countermovement jump, squat jump, and single leg countermovement jump) were all tested. The Mixed model (2 × 2) ANOVA was used to determine the interactions and influence of a training program on test results. Furthermore, Bonferroni post hoc test was performed on variables with significant time*group interactions.Results: The results of this research indicate that an experimental training program affected results in a set time period, i.e. 5 out of total 15 variables showed significant improvement after experimental protocol when final testing was conducted. The experimental group showed significantly improved results in the 5 m sprint test in the final testing phase compared to the initial testing phase, this was also the case in comparison to the control group in both measurements. Furthermore, the experimental group showed significant improvement in the single leg countermovement jump in the final test, as well as in comparison to the control group in both measurements. The change of direction speed and reactive agility test also exhibited significant improvement in the final testing phase of the experimental group.Conclusion: The results of this research indicated that a 6-week program dominated by plyometric training can have a significant effect on the improvement of specific motor abilities within younger competitive categories. These results offer valuable insights for coaches in designing diverse tennis-specific scenarios to enhance overall performance, particularly focusing on the neuromuscular fitness of their players.
Network analysis of acute stress reaction in a sample of Chinese male military college students
Authors: Gong Yue , Guo Zhihua , Lu Hongliang , Wang Xinlu , Zhang Yajuan , Ren Lei , Zhu Xia 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundAcute stress reaction (ASR) following a stressful event is associated with stress-related mental disorders. However, no studies have investigated the relationships between ASR symptom clusters. The present study aimed to provide a fine-grained understanding of the complex relationships among symptom clusters and identify the central symptom clusters of ASR using network analysis.MethodsThe Acute Stress Reaction Scale (ASRS) was used to investigate the network structure of ASR in 1792 Chinese male military college students who were about to participate in an important physical fitness test. We calculated the weights of the edges connecting different symptom clusters and the central indices of 25 symptom clusters in the final network.ResultsThere were five strongest edges with significantly higher weights than most other edge weights, including the edges between “Less communication” and “Isolated from others.” The symptom clusters of “Somatic symptoms,” “Hypoprosexia,” and “Anxiety” were found to be the central nodes with the highest expected influences (primary centrality index).ConclusionThe present study explored the network structure of ASR, revealed complex connections between symptom clusters, and identified central clusters. These findings have important clinical implications, and it is suggested that the three central symptom clusters may be potential targets for effective interventions for ASR.
The relationship between fall and loneliness among older people in China: the mediating role of personality trait
Authors: Yuan Luo , Yibo Wu , Yuqian Deng , Haiye Ran , Jiaxin Liu , Liping Zhao 
Published: August 2023

AimsWe aimed to explore the role of personality traits between fall and loneliness.MethodsA questionnaire survey was used to investigate falls, the big five personality traits, and loneliness among older people (≥ 60 years old) in China mainland.ResultsA total of 4,289 older people participated in the survey. There are significant differences in age, marital status, education level, residence, solitariness, and fall in relation to loneliness among older people. Falls, especially when they occurred one time increase the loneliness of older people. Agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism were significant mediating effects between falls and loneliness.ConclusionThis study implied that agreeableness, conscientiousness, and neuroticism were meditating factors between falls and loneliness. In the future, we should consider the big five personality traits more to understand loneliness and offer older people interventions for reducing their loneliness. The study design was cross-sectional, so the temporal precedence of mediators and causality could not be tested. Because the data were collected retrospectively, current loneliness is likely to have confounding effects on retrospective recall.
Perspectives and challenges for mother-to-child transmission of HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis in Brazil
Authors: Miranda Angelica E. , Santos Patricia C. , Coelho Ronaldo A. , Pascom Ana Roberta P. , de Lannoy Leonor Henriette , Ferreira Ana Cristina Garcia , Gaspar Pamela Cristina , Maciel Ethel Leonor , Barreira Draurio , Pereira Gerson Fernando Mendes 
Published: August 2023

BackgroundEliminating mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis is a challenge in Brazil. Many policies have been implemented since 1986, but important gaps remain. This study aimed to describe the trends of MTCT in Brazil and evaluate the gaps and perspectives in this scenario.MethodsThis is a descriptive study conducted with secondary data publicly available in the information systems of the Brazilian Ministry of Health regarding data on HIV, syphilis, and hepatitis B in pregnant women and children from 2011 to 2021.ResultsHIV and hepatitis B have had constant rates over the years in pregnant women, with the detection rates around 2.5/1,000 live birth (LB) and 0.5/1.000LB, respectively. The same did not happen with syphilis, which has shown an increasing line in the last decade. In 2011, the detection rate of syphilis in pregnancy was 4.7/1,000LB, and in 2021 it reached 27.1/1,000LB. Regarding the trends in children, an important decrease was observed in HIV/AIDS (incidence rate from 0.18/1,000 in 2011 to 0.04/1,000 in 2021) and Hepatitis B (incidence rate from 0.9/1,000LB in 2011 to 0.5/1,000LB in 2021). For congenital syphilis, there is a continuous increase, being 3.3/1,000LB in 2011 and 9.9/1,000LB in 2021. Data from the HIV clinical monitoring showed that antiretroviral treatment coverage among pregnant women identified increased slightly between 2011 and 2021, in Brazil, from 92.3% to 94.3%. For syphilis, 82.5% of pregnant women were treated with benzathine penicillin, and 88.7% in 2011. The historical series of hepatitis B vaccination coverage in children has decreased over the years; it was 96% in 2013 and 76% in 2021.ConclusionThese data show many gaps and some perspectives in the MTCT program in Brazil. The country is close to reaching MTCT HIV elimination, but there are many challenges regarding HBV and syphilis. These data can be used to organize the strategies to improve the Brazilian response to MTCT elimination of HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis.
The duration of intervals on the oral cancer care pathway and implications for survival: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Fernández-Martínez Nicolás Francisco , Petrova Dafina , Špacírová Zuzana , Barrios-Rodríguez Rocío , Pérez-Sayáns Mario , Martín-delosReyes Luis Miguel , Pérez-Gómez Beatriz , Rodríguez-Barranco Miguel , Sánchez María José 
Published: August 2023

IntroductionPrevious studies measuring intervals on the oral cancer care pathway have been heterogenous, showing mixed results with regard to patient outcomes. The aims of this research were (1) to calculate pooled meta-analytic estimates for the duration of the patient, diagnostic and treatment intervals in oral cancer, considering the income level of the country, and (2) to review the evidence on the relationship of these three intervals with tumor stage at diagnosis and survival.Materials and methodsWe conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis following PRISMA 2020 guidelines (pre-registered protocol CRD42020200752). Following the Aarhus statement, studies were eligible if they reported data on the length of the patient (first symptom to first presentation to a healthcare professional), diagnostic (first presentation to diagnosis), or treatment (diagnosis to start of treatment) intervals in adult patients diagnosed with primary oral cancer. The risk of bias was assessed with the Aarhus checklist.ResultsTwenty-eight studies reporting on 30,845 patients met the inclusion criteria. The pooled median duration of the patient interval was 47 days (95% CI = 31–73), k = 18, of the diagnosis interval 35 days (95% CI = 21–38), k = 11, and of the treatment interval 30 days (95% CI = 23–53), k = 19. In lower-income countries, the patient and treatment intervals were significantly longer, and longer patient intervals were related to later stage at diagnosis. In studies with a lower risk of bias from high-income countries, longer treatment intervals were associated with lower survival rates.ConclusionInterval duration on the oral cancer care pathway is influenced by the socio-economic context and may have implications for patient outcomes.
Smart Boxing Glove “RD α”: IMU Combined with Force Sensor for Highly Accurate Technique and Target Recognition Using Machine Learning
Authors: Cizmic Dea , Hoelbling Dominik , Baranyi René , Breiteneder Roland , Grechenig Thomas 
Published: August 2023

Emerging smart devices have gathered increasing popularity within the sports community, presenting a promising avenue for enhancing athletic performance. Among these, the Rise Dynamics Alpha (RD α) smart gloves exemplify a system designed to quantify boxing techniques. The objective of this study is to expand upon the existing RD α system by integrating machine-learning models for striking technique and target object classification, subsequently validating the outcomes through empirical analysis. For the implementation, a data-acquisition experiment is conducted based on which the most common supervised ML models are trained: decision tree, random forest, support vector machine, k-nearest neighbor, naive Bayes, perceptron, multi-layer perceptron, and logistic regression. Using model optimization and significance testing, the best-performing classifier, i.e., support vector classifier (SVC), is selected. For an independent evaluation, a final experiment is conducted with participants unknown to the developed models. The accuracy results of the data-acquisition group are 93.03% (striking technique) and 98.26% (target object) and for the independent evaluation group 89.55% (striking technique) and 75.97% (target object). Therefore, it is concluded that the system based on SVC is suitable for target object and technique classification.