bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Ventricular penetration with a rigid drainage catheter as a procedural complication caused by space‐occupying intrathoracic mass with significant cardiac displacement in a dog
Authors: Fayers Ben , Williams Pippa , Dennis Ruth 
Published: March 2023

AbstractA 3‐year‐old, female, entire labrador retriever was presented as an emergency referral for suspected iatrogenic cardiac trauma during thoracostomy tube placement for perceived pyothorax. The patient initially presented for non‐specific lethargy and anorexia and upon investigations was found to have a mass on the external thoracic wall and what appeared to be a large‐volume pleural effusion. During thoracostomy drain placement, fresh, clotting blood was aspirated through the drain. The patient was haemodynamically stable on arrival at the referral centre with a normal electrocardiogram. Imaging revealed penetration of the left ventricular free wall and septum and significant displacement of the heart due to a large intrathoracic space‐occupying mass. Cytology of the mass was suggestive of soft tissue sarcoma. The patient was euthanased.
Gender Gaps in Participation in Adult Education in Europe: Examining Factors and Barriers
Authors: Stoilova Rumiana , Boeren Ellen , Ilieva-Trichkova Petya 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis chapter asks how barriers to equal participation in adult education play out differently between (a) men and women and (b) women from different class and ethnic backgrounds. European Social Survey and Adult Education Survey data analyses confirm that low social origin is a significant barrier. Other socio-economic and socio-demographic characteristics can also act as barriers. The chapter draws attention to intersectionality: multiple simultaneous disadvantages, including gender (for women), social origin (for adults whose parents have basic or lower levels of education), and having an ethnic minority or migrant background. Women are less likely to receive financial support from their employer, though more likely to do so from public institutions. Ethnic minority status has a stronger negative effect for women than for men. Mediterranean and post-socialist welfare regimes reduce the effects of intersectionality less than social-democratic regimes.
Dimension-8 SMEFT matching conditions for the low-energy effective field theory
Authors: Hamoudou Serge , Kumar Jacky , London David 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
In particle physics, the modern view is to categorize things in terms of effective field theories (EFTs). Above the weak scale, we have the SMEFT, formed when the heavy new physics (NP) is integrated out, and for which the Standard Model (SM) is the leading part. Below MW, we have the LEFT (low-energy EFT), formed when the heavy SM particles (W±, Z0, H, t) are also integrated out. In order to determine how low-energy measurements depend on the underlying NP, it is necessary to compute the matching conditions of LEFT operators to SMEFT operators. These matching conditions have been worked out for all LEFT operators up to dimension 6 in terms of SMEFT operators up to dimension 6 at the one-loop level. However, this is not sufficient for all low-energy observables. In this paper we present the momentum-independent matching conditions of all such LEFT operators to SMEFT operators up to dimension 8 at tree level.
New tools for dissecting the general 2HDM
Authors: Bahl Henning , Carena Marcela , Coyle Nina M. , Ireland Aurora , Wagner Carlos E. M. 
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Two Higgs doublet models (2HDM) provide the low energy effective theory (EFT) description in many well motivated extensions of the Standard Model. It is therefore relevant to study their properties, as well as the theoretical constraints on these models. In this article we concentrate on three relevant requirements for the validity of the 2HDM framework, namely the perturbative unitarity bounds, the bounded from below constraints, and the vacuum stability constraints. In this study, we concentrate on the most general renormalizable version of the 2HDM — without imposing any parity symmetry, which may be violated in many UV extensions. We derive novel analytical expressions that generalize those previously obtained in more restrictive scenarios to the most general case. We also discuss the phenomenological implications of these bounds, focusing on $$ \mathcal{CP} $$
CP
violation.
Updated guidelines for gene nomenclature in wheat
Authors: Boden S. A. , McIntosh R. A. , Uauy C. , Krattinger S. G. , Dubcovsky J. , Rogers W. J. , Xia X. C. , Badaeva E. D. , Bentley A. R. , Brown-Guedira G. , Caccamo M. , Cattivelli L. , Chhuneja P. , Cockram J. , Contreras-Moreira B. , Dreisigacker S. , Edwards D. , González F. G. , Guzmán C. , Ikeda T. M. , Karsai I. , Nasuda S. , Pozniak C. , Prins R. , Sen T. Z. , Silva P. , Simkova H. , Zhang Y. ,   the Wheat Initiative
Published: March 2023

Abstract
Key message
Here, we provide an updated set of guidelines for naming genes in wheat that has been endorsed by the wheat research community.

Abstract
The last decade has seen a proliferation in genomic resources for wheat, including reference- and pan-genome assemblies with gene annotations, which provide new opportunities to detect, characterise, and describe genes that influence traits of interest. The expansion of genetic information has supported growth of the wheat research community and catalysed strong interest in the genes that control agronomically important traits, such as yield, pathogen resistance, grain quality, and abiotic stress tolerance. To accommodate these developments, we present an updated set of guidelines for gene nomenclature in wheat. These guidelines can be used to describe loci identified based on morphological or phenotypic features or to name genes based on sequence information, such as similarity to genes characterised in other species or the biochemical properties of the encoded protein. The updated guidelines provide a flexible system that is not overly prescriptive but provides structure and a common framework for naming genes in wheat, which may be extended to related cereal species. We propose these guidelines be used henceforth by the wheat research community to facilitate integration of data from independent studies and allow broader and more efficient use of text and data mining approaches, which will ultimately help further accelerate wheat research and breeding.
Outlier detection in network revenue management
Authors: Rennie Nicola , Cleophas Catherine , Sykulski Adam M. , Dost Florian 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper presents an automated approach for providing ranked lists of outliers in observed demand to support analysts in network revenue management. Such network revenue management, e.g. for railway itineraries, needs accurate demand forecasts. However, demand outliers across or in parts of a network complicate accurate demand forecasting, and the network structure makes such demand outliers hard to detect. We propose a two-step approach combining clustering with functional outlier detection to identify outlying demand from network bookings observed on the leg level. The first step clusters legs to appropriately partition and pools booking patterns. The second step identifies outliers within each cluster and uses a novel aggregation method across legs to create a ranked alert list of affected instances. Our method outperforms analyses that consider leg data without regard for network implications and offers a computationally efficient alternative to storing and analysing all data on the itinerary level, especially in highly-connected networks where most customers book multi-leg products. A simulation study demonstrates the robustness of the approach and quantifies the potential revenue benefits from adjusting demand forecasts for offer optimisation. Finally, we illustrate the applicability based on empirical data obtained from Deutsche Bahn.
Deep phenotyping as a contribution to personalized depression therapy: the GEParD and DaCFail protocols
Authors: Lichter Katharina , Klüpfel Catherina , Stonawski Saskia , Hommers Leif , Blickle Manuel , Burschka Carolin , Das Felix , Heißler Marlene , Hellmuth Anna , Helmel Jaqueline , Kranemann Leonie , Lechner Karin , Lehrieder Dominik , Sauter Amelie , Schiele Miriam A. , Vijayakumar Vithusha , von Broen Michael , Weiß Carolin , Morbach Caroline , Störk Stefan , Gelbrich Götz , Heuschmann Peter U. , Higuchi Takahiro , Buck Andreas , Homola György A. , Pham Mirko , Menke Andreas , Domschke Katharina , Kittel-Schneider Sarah , Deckert Jürgen 
Published: March 2023

AbstractDepressive patients suffer from a complex of symptoms of varying intensity compromising their mood, emotions, self-concept, neurocognition, and somatic function. Due to a mosaic of aetiologies involved in developing depression, such as somatic, neurobiological, (epi-)genetic factors, or adverse life events, patients often experience recurrent depressive episodes. About 20–30% of these patients develop difficult-to-treat depression. Here, we describe the design of the GEParD (Genetics and Epigenetics of Pharmaco- and Psychotherapy in acute and recurrent Depression) cohort and the DaCFail (Depression-associated Cardiac Failure) case–control protocol. Both protocols intended to investigate the incremental utility of multimodal biomarkers including cardiovascular and (epi-)genetic markers, functional brain and heart imaging when evaluating the response to antidepressive therapy using comprehensive psychometry. From 2012 to 2020, 346 depressed patients (mean age 45 years) were recruited to the prospective, observational GEParD cohort protocol. Between 2016 and 2020, the DaCFail case–control protocol was initiated integrating four study subgroups to focus on heart-brain interactions and stress systems in patients > 50 years with depression and heart failure, respectively. For DaCFail, 120 depressed patients (mean age 60 years, group 1 + 2), of which 115 also completed GEParD, and 95 non-depressed controls (mean age 66 years) were recruited. The latter comprised 47 patients with heart failure (group 3) and 48 healthy subjects (group 4) of a population-based control group derived from the Characteristics and Course of Heart Failure Stages A–B and Determinants of Progression (STAAB) cohort study. Our hypothesis-driven, exploratory study design may serve as an exemplary roadmap for a standardized, reproducible investigation of personalized antidepressant therapy in an inpatient setting with focus on heart comorbidities in future multicentre studies.
Ultrastructural changes during nectar secretion from extrafloral nectaries of Pithecellobium dulce Benth
Authors: Sivan Pramod , Rao Karumanchi S 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe structural changes in the secretory cells are important to understand the ontogeny and nectar secretion process from the nectaries. In this study, we investigated the ultrastructural changes during different developmental/secretion stages of extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) of Pithecellobium dulce. The dense cytoplasm with active biosynthesis mechanisms such as ribosomes, mitochondria, large nucleus, and plastids with accumulated starch grains characterized the pre-secretion stage of young nectariferous cells. During the secretory phase, the cytoplasm showed distinct changes associated with endomembrane transport such as the predominant occurrence of Golgi, secretory vesicles, and ER resulting in the subsequent appearance of secretions in the intercellular and subcuticular spaces. Cell wall loosening following the dissolution of middle lamellae leading to the formation of subcuticular spaces was evident during advanced stages of nectar secretion. The characteristic cytoplasmic and apoplastic changes associated with cell death were noticed during the post-secretory stages. The structural evidence from the present study suggests the occurrence of two modes of secretion (merocrine and holocrine) during the early and late stages of secretion in the EFNs of P. dulce.
Regulatory roles of Pawpaw (Carica papaya) seed extract on growth performance, sexual maturity, and health status with resistance against bacteria and parasites in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Authors: Radwan Mahmoud , Darweesh Kareem F. , Ghanem Sara F. , Abdelhadi Yasser , Kareem Zana H. , Christianus Annie , Karim Murni , Waheed Rania M. , El-Sharkawy Mahmoud A. 
Published: March 2023

AbstractPapaya (Carica papaya) is one of the plants that represent a major source of bioactive substances that are cheaper and non-toxic, such as antibiotics. It is globally used as a supplement diet for positive effects in pharmacological activities. In this regard, the current study sheds light on the possible roles of papaya seed methanolic extract (PSE) as a dietary supplement to improve growth performance, sexual maturity, carcass composition, immunity responses, histological structure of gonads, and anti-pathogenic activity (Aeromonas hydrophila) at the end of a feeding trial extend for ten days of Nile tilapia, with special reference to its potential effect as resistance against parasitic (Cichlidogyrus tilapiae). Four experimental groups with four replications of Nile tilapia fry (0.5 ± 0.1 g as 20 fish per replication) were fed (0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg PSE in diets) for 20 weeks. Results showed that fish dietary supplementation with PSE had a significantly positive (P < 0.05) effect on growth performance, feed utilization, digestive enzyme, carcass composition, antioxidant, immunity responses, and hematological and biochemical indices, especially PSE 2.0 g/kg than control diet. Furthermore, PSE had a positively affected fish mortality after injection with A. hydrophila and in vitro positive efficacy against C. tilapiae. Fish fed with dietary PSE increased the sex ratio in favor of male fish by achieving a 77% male phenotype. Conclusively, this study declared that PSE extract, specifically 2 g/kg, could enhance growth and health through the modulation of innate immunity and a positive effect against disease in fish. Additionally, it reduced the reproductive performance of Nile tilapia by reducing GSI, which subsequently affected the gonadal histology leading to infertility.
Submodule codes as spherical codes in buildings
Authors: Stanojkovski Mima 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWe give a generalization of subspace codes by means of codes of modules over finite commutative chain rings. We define a new class of Sperner codes and use results from extremal combinatorics to prove the optimality of such codes in different cases. Moreover, we explain the connection with Bruhat–Tits buildings and show how our codes are the buildings’ analogue of spherical codes in the Euclidean sense.
Is it all about the setting? — A comparison of mathematical modelling with real objects and their representation
Authors: Jablonski Simone 
Published: March 2023

AbstractMathematical modelling emphasizes the connection between mathematics and reality — still, tasks are often exclusively introduced inside the classroom. The paper examines the potential of different task settings for mathematical modelling with real objects: outdoors at the real object itself, with photographs and with a 3D model representation. It is the aim of the study to analyze how far the mathematical modelling steps of students solving the tasks differ in comparison to the settings and representations. In a qualitative study, 19 lower secondary school students worked on tasks of all three settings in a Latin square design. Their working processes in the settings are compared with a special focus on the modelling steps Simplifying and Structuring, as well as Mathematizing. The analysis by means of activity diagrams and a qualitative content analysis shows that both steps are particularly relevant when students work with real objects — independent from the three settings. Still, differences in the actual activities could be observed in the students’ discussion on the appropriateness of a model and in dealing with inaccuracies at the real object. In addition, the process of data collection shows different procedures depending on the setting which presents each of them as an enrichment for the acquisition of modelling skills.
Pre-service teachers’ flexibility and performance in solving Fermi problems
Authors: Segura Carlos , Ferrando Irene 
Published: March 2023

AbstractFermi problems are real-context estimation tasks that are suitable for introducing open-ended problems in primary school education. To ensure their effective introduction in the classroom, teachers must have adequate proficiency to deal with them. One of the key aspects of problem-solving proficiency is flexibility, but there are few studies on flexibility in solving real-context problems. This study, based on an analysis of the errors made by 224 prospective teachers when solving a Fermi problem sequence, establishes performance levels. In addition, we define levels of flexibility in using multiple solutions across the sequence, which allows us to address the main objective: to study the relationship between performance and flexibility. We found that there are significant relationships between flexibility levels and the number and severity of errors made. Encouraging flexibility in prospective teachers may be an efficient way to improve their performance in solving real-context problems.
Mobility indexes of Cu, Pb, and Zn in soil ecosystems with various levels of metal contamination (in Poland)
Authors: Niesiobędzka Krystyna 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe aim of the study was to investigate and compare the soils of three groups of grassland ecosystems with varying degrees of heavy metal (Cu, Pb, and Zn) pollution as well as estimating of mobility on the basis of calculated mobility indexes (MI) expressed as a percentage of the EDTA-extracted forms of metals in their total content. A total of 55 surface soil samples were collected from various areas of Poland: urban soils, rural soils, and soils along communication routes. Heavy metal concentrations were determined in solutions after wet mineralization (using a mixture of acids) by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) with flame atomization. To isolate the mobile forms of metals in soils, a one-step extraction method was used with 0.05-M EDTA solution. The ranges of Cu, Pb, and Zn concentrations in soils were varied, respectively: 6.7–47.6, 61.1–563.9, and 86.4–644.5 mg·kg−1 (A); 5.7–39.8, 13.56–45.71, and 16.3–119.6 mg·kg−1 (B); and 1.0–195.8, 19.2–310.2, and 27.4–894.1 mg·kg−1 (C). The average values of mobility indexes of Cu, Pb, and Zn were at the level of 40.9, 33.5, and 22.2% (A); 23.2, 27.1, and 25.9% (B); and 37.5, 34.3, and 30.7% (C). Studies have shown that metals derived from anthropogenic sources are characterized by greater mobility compared to metals of natural origin (lithological associated with the ground). The inclusion of metal mobility indices in the environmental monitoring strategy may minimize errors in assessing the actual risk associated with the potential uptake of these metals by plants and incorporation into circulation.
Decertifying Gender: The Challenge of Equal Pay
Authors: Grabham Emily 
Published: March 2023

Abstract‘The Future of Legal Gender’ project has assessed the potential implications for feminist legal scholarship and activism of decertifying sex/gender. Decertification refers to the state moving away from officially determining or registering sex/gender. This article explores the potential impact of such moves on equal pay law and gender pay gap reporting. Equal pay and gender pay gap reporting laws provide an important focus for the project because they aim to address structural dynamics associated with persistent pay inequality that women experience across occupations in the United Kingdom. These legal measures illuminate gendering as a large-scale social problem widely understood to operate structurally and systemically. What effect, then, could decertifying sex/gender have on the law and conceptual power of equal pay? Might decertification undermine the structure of equal pay law, with all hard-won gains it has brought for women? Or is it possible to imagine that decertification could accompany a more inclusive and effective legal architecture for equal pay?
Specifiable robustness in reactive synthesis
Authors: Bloem Roderick , Chockler Hana , Ebrahimi Masoud , Strichman Ofer 
Published: March 2023

AbstractWhen synthesizing a system from a given specification, there is room for automatically adding various requirements, hence improving the resulting system. One such requirement covered extensively in past literature is that of robustness. In particular, the system can fail to read the inputs correctly from the environment, and the environment can fail to satisfy our assumptions about its behavior. Nevertheless, we want the system to still satisfy the specification even under these failures, in some limited way. It has to be limited because it is typically too strong of a requirement to realize the property regardless of the inputs and the environment’s assumptions. In this work, we propose a simple and flexible framework for synthesizing robust systems, where the user defines the required robustness via a temporal robustness specification. For example, the user may specify that the environment is eventually reliable, or input misreadings cannot occur more than $$k$$
k
consecutive steps and synthesize a system under this assumption. Furthermore, our framework enables us to specify a temporal recovery specification, which describes how the designer expects the system to recover after a failure of the environment assumptions. We show examples of robust systems that we synthesized with this method using our synthesis tool Party.
Negligible native and significant alien colonization of artificial shoreline by macroinvertebrates in a large shallow lake (Lake Balaton, Hungary)
Authors: Karádi-Kovács Kata , Boda Pál , Csabai Zoltán , Deák Csaba , Móra Arnold , Szivák Ildikó , Schmera Dénes 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThe aim of our study was to compare the richness and composition of macroinvertebrate assemblages in natural reed and artificial rip-rap habitats in a shallow lake 50+ years after shoreline modifications. Lake Balaton (Hungary) provided a unique study system as approximately half of its shoreline (c.105 km) has been modified. Littoral macroinvertebrates were collected in two habitat types (artificial rip-rap and natural reed) around the shoreline over two seasons. We found that native taxon richness of rip-rap habitat was only one-twentieth of the natural reed habitat. Rip-rap habitat harboured significantly more alien species. We found that the proportion of alien taxa was higher in rip-rap habitat (89.2%) than in reed habitat (16.7%). The composition of macroinvertebrate assemblages in the two habitats was also significantly different with limited to moderate overlap. Furthermore, all 8 indicator taxa of rip-rap habitat were alien, whilst all 28 indicator taxa were native in reed habitat. These results suggest that artificial engineering structure creates a novel ecosystem dominated by alien species.
Involuntary Resistance
Authors: Baaz Mikael , Lilja Mona , Wallgren Malin 
Published: March 2023

AbstractThis paper problematizes the notion of “intent” through the concept of “involuntary resistance”. Departing from the narratives of employees in nursing homes in Sweden during the Covid-19 pandemic in 2020 and 2021, we suggest that neoliberal norms and a local management that capitalizes on social hierarchies (sex, age, class, etc.) were the context of the strong biopolitical state management that occurred due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The friction between different forms of governing became a seedbed for an involuntary resistance with an unclear intent against the state recommendations. This sheds light upon the need to (re)frame the current dominance of specific types of knowledge that are constructed in the field of resistance. We suggest that new paths of thought are needed—within social sciences—that work towards a wider conceptualizing of resistance, which embraces practices that lie outside the common thought of dissent.