bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Antireflection Spatiotemporal Metamaterials
Authors: Yu Youxiu , Hu Hao , Zou Linyang , Yang Qianru , Lin Xiao , Li Zhuo , Gao Lei , Gao Dongliang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractReflection occurs when light impinges on an interface between two distinct media. Suppression of the reflection is of paramount significance to practical applications in information transfer and conversion. While technologies such as the Brewster effect and material coatings are widely adopted to eliminate the wave reflection from purely spatial or temporal interfaces, how to eliminate the reflection from a spatiotemporal interface remains elusive. Here, a new type of spatiotemporal metamaterial that functions as a global and generalized perspective of quarter‐wave impedance transformers is presented. With the proper geometric design, the proposed spatiotemporal metamaterial can fully suppress the reflection, applicable to arbitrary modulation velocities. Importantly, the tunability of modulation velocity in the spatiotemporal metamaterial allows flexible frequency conversions in high efficiency, indicating that the spatiotemporal metamaterials are much more powerful than the purely spatial or temporal counterparts. These findings not only enhance the controllability of electromagnetic waves but also can be adapted to other classes of physical dynamics, including water surface waves, acoustic, and elastic.
APPLYING THE RESULTS FRAMEWORK FOR SUCCESS IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR AND BEYOND
Authors: Baker Charlie , Kadish Steve 
Published: April 2023

AbstractThe authors, including Baker, the former Governor of Massachusetts, present an introduction to the Results Framework, described as “a process of moving from concepts to delivery that we have found successful in both the public and private sectors.” They further describe “a methodology to move from identifying problems to achieving results—one that grew out of our experiences in government and was shaped by our experiences in the private sector.” There are four parts to the framework; in their words: People are policy, follow the facts, focus on how, push for results. Within the second part, the authors “follow two types of facts: data evidence and points of pain.” They discuss the workings of the framework during the extreme challenges of Covid‐19. The authors remain clear about what is required on a day‐to‐day basis: “There is no single correct way to get things done. As a result, we need to rethink notions of opposition and to imagine new ways of working across divides.” They are clear that the framework cannot be done without the help and participation of others: “Part of the decision‐making, then, entails enlisting stakeholders, letting people know if they will be affected, anticipating what might go wrong, preparing a reaction, and anticipating adjustments.”
Pie‐Net: Prior‐information‐enabled deep learning noise reduction for coronary CT angiography acquired with a photon counting detector CT
Authors: Chang Shaojie , Huber Nathan R. , Marsh Jeffrey F. , Koons Emily K. , Gong Hao , Yu Lifeng , McCollough Cynthia H. , Leng Shuai 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundPhoton‐counting‐detector CT (PCD‐CT) enables the production of virtual monoenergetic images (VMIs) at a high spatial resolution (HR) via simultaneous acquisition of multi‐energy data. However, noise levels in these HR VMIs are markedly increased.PurposeTo develop a deep learning technique that utilizes a lower noise VMI as prior information to reduce image noise in HR, PCD‐CT coronary CT angiography (CTA).MethodsCoronary CTA exams of 10 patients were acquired using PCD‐CT (NAEOTOM Alpha, Siemens Healthineers). A prior‐information‐enabled neural network (Pie‐Net) was developed, treating one lower‐noise VMI (e.g., 70 keV) as a prior input and one noisy VMI (e.g., 50 keV or 100 keV) as another. For data preprocessing, noisy VMIs were reconstructed by filtered back‐projection (FBP) and iterative reconstruction (IR), which were then subtracted to generate “noise‐only” images. Spatial decoupling was applied to the noise‐only images to mitigate overfitting and improve randomization. Thicker slice averaging was used for the IR and prior images. The final training inputs for the convolutional neural network (CNN) inside the Pie‐Net consisted of thicker‐slice signal images with the reinsertion of spatially decoupled noise‐only images and the thicker‐slice prior images. The CNN training labels consisted of the corresponding thicker‐slice label images without noise insertion. Pie‐Net's performance was evaluated in terms of image noise, spatial detail preservation, and quantitative accuracy, and compared to a U‐net‐based method that did not include prior information.ResultsPie‐Net provided strong noise reduction, by 95 ± 1% relative to FBP and by 60 ± 8% relative to IR. For HR VMIs at different keV (e.g., 50 keV or 100 keV), Pie‐Net maintained spatial and spectral fidelity. The inclusion of prior information from the PCD‐CT data in the spectral domain was able to improve a robust deep learning‐based denoising performance compared to the U‐net‐based method, which caused some loss of spatial detail and introduced some artifacts.ConclusionThe proposed Pie‐Net achieved substantial noise reduction while preserving HR VMI's spatial and spectral properties.
Educational needs of people with type 1 diabetes mellitus and their parents: A cross‐sectional study
Authors: Cho Mi‐Kyoung , Kim Mi Young 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimsTo investigate the educational needs of type 1 diabetes patients and their parents.DesignA cross‐sectional design was employed.MethodsData were collected via an online survey and analysed by descriptive statistics and an independent t‐test. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS version 25.0. Participants comprised type 1 diabetes patients (100) and their parents (93).ResultsComplications management, disease characteristics and exercise were found to be the highest educational needs of type 1 diabetes patients and their parents. The following educational needs differed between patients and parents: complication management, exercise, continuous management, psychosocial needs and risk factors. Regarding psychosocial needs, social life was the most needed in terms of disease management and how to have a social life with the disease.
The effectiveness of the fully online flipped classroom for nursing undergraduates during the COVID‐19: Historical control study
Authors: Du Jingrong , Chen Xiaoyi , Wang Tong , Zhao Juanjuan , Li Kun 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAimEvaluate the fully online flipped classroom's effects during the pandemic.DesignA comparative descriptive study with historical control design.MethodsIn an internal medicine nursing course, the fully online flipped classroom instruction was used with 53 undergraduates in 2020. Their final examinations were compared with the 50 students taught with traditional offline methods in 2019. Online interactions and students' experiences were described. Pass rates in both classes were over 90% (Χ2 = 0.276, p = 0.60), but the median score in 2019 was higher than in 2020 (Z = −2.491, p = 0.01). There were 996 online interactions and 734 valid interactions in total. All 49 students believed the online flipped classroom schedule was reasonable and all but three said it was helpful. However, 19 students (39%) felt traditional teaching is more effective.ConclusionsThe fully online flipped classroom method was fairly effective during the pandemic. This model also did increase class participation and sufficient faculty–student interactions in remote education. However, fewer students earned outstanding scores, with possible reasons including the online flipped classroom, lack of clinical practice, stress from COVID‐19 and the shortened exam time. Overall, the method is worth recommending under public health emergencies like COVID‐19, and future research exploring potential concerns about scores is necessary.
The riddle of deliberate self‐harm: Physiological and subjective effects of self‐cutting cues in patients with borderline personality disorder and healthy controls
Authors: Pape Valeska Reichel , Braun Silke , Peters Svenja , Stingl Markus , Tucha Oliver , Sammer Gebhard 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSelf‐harming behavior is a core symptom of borderline personality disorder. Self‐report studies show a correlation between a lack of self‐reported negative feelings toward self‐cutting cues and the likelihood of future self‐destructive behavior. Despite these findings, there has so far been insufficient investigation into the implicit emotional processes evoked by this stimulus type. Forty patients with borderline personality disorder and 35 healthy controls between 20 and 50 years of age were confronted with pictures of self‐cutting cues and affective reference pictures. A startle reflex paradigm was used for measuring implicit emotional responses, and the Self‐Assessment Manikin was used for subjective responses. In line with previous studies, the patients rated the self‐cutting pictures significantly less negatively than healthy individuals. On the physiological level, a significant startle inhibition was observed, indicating an activation of the behavioral approach system. A more detailed analysis showed that this startle inhibition effect was specific to scary pictures, whereas no such effect was observed for bloody wounds and self‐cutting instruments. For pleasant standard pictures, in contrast, no startle reflex inhibition and no increase in emotional arousal parameters were found. The data replicate the findings of previous studies, demonstrating a generally diminished emotional reactivity to pleasant stimuli in patients with borderline personality disorder. In addition, a physiological approach reaction to self‐cutting pictures was found, especially for the scary pictures. These results might indicate a positive identification with the long‐lasting consequences of self‐cutting behavior in the patients. Implications for therapy are discussed.
Effects of turmeric extract supplementation on the lipid and lipoprotein subfraction profile in hemodialysis patients: A randomised, double‐blind, crossover and controlled trial
Authors: Alvarenga L. , Cardozo L. F. M. F. , Ribeiro‐Alves M. , Damasceno N. R. T. , Berretta A. A. , Lima J. A. , Khosla P. , Fouque D. , Mafra D. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDyslipidemia is common in patients with chronic kidney disease. Curcumin, a bioactive polyphenol from Curcuma longa, can improve lipid profile. This study aims to analyze the effects of Curcuma Longa extract supplementation on lipid profile and lipoprotein subfractions in hemodialysis (HD) patients. This is a longitudinal, double‐blind, washout‐period randomized clinical trial. The patients were randomized into two groups: the curcumin group (n = 10) (orange and carrot juice with 2.5 g of Curcuma Longa extract) and the control group (n = 11) (juice without curcumin) 3x/w during HD sessions for 3 months. After the washout period, patients continued the supplementation as a crossover for the same period. The lipid profile was measured using enzymatic assays. The high‐density lipoprotein and low‐density lipoprotein subfractions analyses were performed using LipoprintTM. In the curcumin group, the triglyceride values tended to decrease with a different triglyceride variation between the pre and post‐intervention for the control and curcumin groups of 38.5 (19.8) mg/dL (p = 0.06). There was no statistical difference in the others parameters. In conclusion, Curcuma longa extract may be a good nutritional strategy to reduce triglyceride plasma levels in hemodialysis patients, but it seems ineffective for the other parameter.
Research on force and position control performance of the tendon sheath system with time‐varying parameters and flexible robotic arms
Authors: Tang Yu , Pan Mingzhang , Lin Yizhong , Liang Ke 
Published: April 2023

AbstractBackgroundThe tendon‐sheath‐system (TSS) is an excellent medium for remote power transmission, which is widely used in laparoscopic surgery robots. Since the operation process requires the robot to move continuously, this time‐varying characteristic further aggravates the force and position transmission loss caused by the nonlinear friction of TSS, which affects the control accuracy of the surgical robot.MethodA time‐varying tendon‐sheath transmission model (RT model) is proposed. A feedforward control system is designed to improve tendon‐sheath transmission accuracy. Furthermore, a tendon‐sheath transmission model with velocity characteristics (RV model) is established.ResultForce, position, and velocity experiments were carried out on the platform of TSS with a robotic arm. The results show that the R‐square values of force and position compensation are at least 96.57% and 99.16%.ConclusionThe proposed RT and RV models are effective in compensating for the TSS transmission loss during the operation of the surgical robot.
Graphene‐based Composite Materials as Catalyst for Organic Transformations
Authors: Pandey Gayatri , Kumar Kawar , Singh Rajput Nitesh , Kumar Gupta Sumit , Pal Lamba Narendra , Kumar Singh Brajendra , Singh Surendra , Bahadur Vijay , Singh Chauhan Manmohan 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGraphene is one of the most auspicious constituents in nanotechnology. It provides the most accurate theoretical 2‐D depiction of catalytic sustenance. Its exceptional, physico‐chemical, and mechanical qualities make it distinctive and also able to create composite materials with novel capabilities. Although using graphene as a single‐layered sheet as a catalytic tool has not been documented yet, certain encouraging outcomes using few‐layer graphene have previously been attained. We will quickly go through the most pertinent synthetic methods for obtaining graphene and graphene based materials in this article. The composites of graphene are used in various catalytic reactions, including Coupling reactions, Aza‐Michael addition, Hydration, Oxidation, Esterification, Pechmann Condensation, Knoevenagel Condensation, Ring‐Opening Polymerization, Friedel‐Crafts Addition, Ring Opening of Epoxides and Decarboxylation have been catalysed by these expertly crafted and prepared graphene‐based catalysts. The graphene based composites allows for easy, recyclable, arnold transform, and environmentally friendly photocatalysis and also mild, precise, and super effective conversions and synthesis.
Improved Thermal Conductivity and Thermomechanical Properties of Epoxy Nanocomposites with Branched Polyethyleneimine‐Functionalized Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanosheets
Authors: Tang Bolin , Jiang Tao , Ge Fan , Cao Miao , Chang Shuo , Yi Jie , Li Wei , Wang Luxiang 
Published: April 2023

AbstractIn this present, branched polyethyleneimine (BPEI)‐functionalized hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) were employed to improve the thermal conductivity and thermomechanical properties of epoxy resin. The 3‐glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH560)‐modified BNNS were firstly prepared via one‐step ball milling, and then reacted with BPEI to obtain BPEI‐functionalized BNNS (BPEI‐KH560‐BNNS). Results showed that, compared with neat epoxy resin, the thermal conductivity of epoxy nanocomposite filled with BPEI‐KH560‐BNNS increased by 189.8 % at 10 wt %, which is also higher than that of the epoxy nanocomposites filled with BN particles, BNNS and KH560‐BNNS. Besides, the highest storage modulus (3.23 GPa) and glass transition temperature (161.7 °C) were also achieved in 10 wt % BPEI‐KH560‐BNNS/epoxy nanocomposite, which increased 39.2 % and 20.9 °C respectively. This is mainly ascribed that the abundant amino groups on BPEI molecular chain can improve the interfacial compatibility and bonding strength between BN nanofillers and epoxy matrix, which has been observed in the morphology of the fracture surface of epoxy nanocomposites. This work provides an effective strategy for improving the thermal conductivity and thermomechanical properties of epoxy resin.
Study of Genipin Behavior in Neutral and Acidic Aqueous Solutions at Elevated Temperatures
Authors: Shalayel Ibrahim , Vallee Yannick , Zebda Abdelkader 
Published: April 2023

AbstractGenipin is known to polymerize under basic conditions, and the obtained genipin oligomers might have an impact on the chemical and physical properties of the crosslinked materials. In this study, we intend to mimic the experimental condition in which genipin is used as a chemical crosslinker. We focus on the degradation of genipin at neutral and slightly acidic conditions using NMR. We report genipin polymerization at neutral and acidic conditions. Unlike dialdehyde crosslinkers, genipin requires heating to promote its crosslinking activity. We found that elevated temperatures enhance the degradation of genipin and promote its polymerization.
Electrochemical Determination of Flavonoid Fisetin in Commercial Dietary Supplements Using a Boron‐Doped Diamond Electrode
Authors: Allahverdiyeva Shabnam , Keskin Ertuğrul , Yörük İbrahim , Yardım Yavuz 
Published: April 2023

AbstractFor the first time, a boron‐doped diamond electrode was utilized to quantitatively determine flavonoid fisetin (FST). Cyclic voltammetric studies have shown that the electrochemical oxidation of FST is irreversible and well‐separated two peaks (PA1 and PA2) in 0.1 M HNO3 solution. The effects of electrode pretreatment, solution pH, nature of the supporting electrolyte, and instrumental variables on the peak current and potentials of the FST were investigated by square‐wave voltammetry (SWV) and then optimum ones were determined. It was observed that the cathodically pre‐treated BDD (CPT‐BDD) electrode‘s performance was better than the other pre‐treatment procedures for increasing the FST oxidation signal. Under optimized conditions and using the SWV technique, the response of the first anodic peak (PA1) of the FST was proportional in a concentration range of 0.5–20.0 μg mL−1 (1.7×10−6–6.9×10−5 mol L−1) with a detection limit of 0.08 μg mL−1 (2.8×10−7 mol L−1). Also, it was successfully demonstrated that the proposed method is applicable in commercial nutritional supplement formulations.
I2/DMSO mediated Cascade cyclization reaction of amino coumarins with aryl methyl ketones: Access to Dicoumarino‐fused [1,5]‐diazocine and pyrrolo‐coumarin scaffolds
Authors: Islam Saiful , Dhara Samiran , Das Dwaipayan , Das Asish R. 
Published: April 2023

AbstractAn easy metal‐free cascade cyclization of 4‐amino coumarin with aryl methyl ketone has been developed as a straightforward method for constructing coumarino‐fused [1,5]‐diazocines. This chemical transformation affords linearly fused structure of coumarin and 1,5‐diazocine with significant yield. Such complex hybrid diazocine skeletons can propose various bioactivities in drug design. The technique is highly appealing, sustainable, and economic since it is operationally simple and uses a catalytic quantity of iodine in presence of DMSO. In this protocol, DMSO functions both as a solvent and an oxidant. Again, the sustainability of this protocol is enhanced as it is devoid of any exogenous oxidant. Further functionalization of these diazocine moieties using metal catalyzed cross coupling techniques lead to several interesting scaffolds. Furthermore, these diazocine compounds can undergo a base‐controlled regioselective metal‐free Chan‐Lam type coupling reaction, yielding novel N‐arylated and O‐arylated products. Additionally, the formation of densely functionlized coumarin fused pyrrole scaffolds from 3‐aminocoumarin and aryl methyl ketone widens the practical applicabilty of this protocol. This pyrrolo‐coumarin frameworks are present in the bio‐active marine alkaloid, lamellarins.
New 2‐Phenylquinoline‐Based Bis‐Methoxymethyl‐1,2,3‐Triazoles as Potential Antimicrobial Agents: Synthesis and Molecular Docking Studies against COVID‐19
Authors: Yaku Gugulothu , Ramulu Dhanavath , Thumma Vishnu , Paluri Anjaiah , Dharavath Ravinder 
Published: April 2023

AbstractSynthesis of novel 2‐phenylqinoline conjugated bis‐triazole analogues 8(a–n) demonstrated by a series of reactions concerning Vilsmeier‐Haack reaction, Suzuki‐Miyaura cross coupling, reduction of carbonyl groups, and click reaction. The structure of final compounds predicted based on IR, 1H, 13C NMR and Mass spectral data analysis. The title compounds were screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activities against two‐gram positive (S. aureus and S. pyogens) and two‐gram negative (P. aeruginosa and E. coli) bacteria, and two fungal strains (S. rolfs and F. ricini) by employing Amoxicillin and Bavistin as standard drugs, respectively. The compound containing 3‐chlorophenyl, 4‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, 3,4‐dimethylphenyl and 3‐fluoro‐4‐chlorophenyl residues, indicated promising antibacterial activity and the best antifungal activity was reported for compounds containing 3‐chlorophenyl, 4‐methoxyphenyl and 4‐(trifluoromethyl)phenyl residues. Further, Insilco screening of these compounds against COVID‐19 main protease of corona virus had displayed good docking scores and binding interactions in its active site pocket.
Parameters Affecting Methylene Blue Dye Photodegradation by Carbon dots Prepared from Olive Pomace
Authors: Sawalha Shadi , Hamed Rinad , Assali Mohyeddin 
Published: April 2023

AbstractOlive pomace was used as a precursor in synthesizing CNDs through pyrolysis and oxidation. The photocatalytic activity of CNDs was evaluated for the degradation of methylene blue (M.B). dye under irradiation of a visible light source. The influence of various operational parameters such as the photocatalyst dose, solution pH, the initial concentration of M.B. dye, NaCl salt content, visible light source power, and distance were investigated and their effects on degradation rate and efficiency have been estimated. The photocatalytic mechanism and kinetic reaction were studied to find that ROS is responsible for causing a ‐pseudo‐first‐order photodegradation of the targeted dye. It was found that both rate and efficiency increased linearly with increasing the photocatalyst dose (CNDs) spiked into M.B solution, along with a maximum degradation first‐order rate of 0.061 min−1 obtained at pH=10.6 with an efficiency of 92 % after 120 minutes of light irradiation.
Electrolytic Synthesis and Tolyltriazole Modification of Dendritic Silver Powders for High‐performance Electrically Conductive Adhesives
Authors: Yu Chongyan , Lei Jianqiu , Wang Ni , Hu Wencheng 
Published: April 2023

AbstractDendritic silver particles (DSPs) were synthesized by a facile electrolysis method based on the self‐made silver methanesulfonic as an electrolyte and the surface of DSPs was coated with methyl‐1H‐benzotriazole to prepare the surface‐modified DSPs. Dendritic feature with a trunk and nano‐branches is confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. At temperatures above 200 °C, the sintering phenomenon is discovered at the nano‐branches of DSPs. As the prepared DSPs are introduced into the commercial micron‐scale silver particles‐based electrically conductive adhesives (ECAs), the electrical resistivity can be significantly reduced to 5.63×10−5 Ω cm, which is superior to the traditional conductive adhesives derived from the pure micron‐scale silver particles, implying the high application value of DSPs for high‐performance conductive adhesive.