bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Burden of Valvular Heart Diseases in a Racially and Ethnically Diverse Population: The Bronx‐Valve Registry
Authors: Scotti Andrea , Sturla Matteo , Echarte‐Morales Julio , Ho Edwin C. , Millin Antonella , Coisne Augustin , Ludwig Sebastian , Leone Pier Pasquale , Rosiene Joel , Granada Juan F. , Goldberg Ythan , Pu Min , Jorde Ulrich P. , Slipczuk Leandro , Rodriguez Carlos J , Garcia Mario J. , Latib Azeem 
Published: January 2025

Background
Valvular heart disease (VHD) is a major focus of cardiovascular medicine, but limited data are available for racial and ethnic minorities. The aim was to assess the burden and clinical correlates of VHD in a highly diverse area of the United States.

Methods and Results
Individuals with echocardiographic diagnosis of native VHD between January 2010 and December 2019 at a quaternary care health system of the Bronx (New York, USA) were included. Prevalence and correlates of VHD were assessed per each racial and ethnic group. From a total of 330 570 adult echocardiograms, 80 584 individuals were diagnosed with VHD and included in the final study population. Stratified by race and ethnicity, 38.0%, 23.2%, 2.1%, and 36.7% were non‐Hispanic Black, non‐Hispanic White, Asian, and Hispanic, respectively. The mean age was 67.7±16.3 years, with non‐Hispanic Black, non‐Hispanic Asian, and Hispanic individuals being younger and having a higher burden of comorbidities. The prevalence of VHD increased with age, irrespective of race or ethnicity. In people aged ≥75 years, tricuspid and mitral regurgitation were the most prevalent VHD (21.1% and 16.1%, respectively). Non‐Hispanic White individuals more frequently had tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation, and multiple VHDs, but among those aged <65 years, these were more frequent in non‐Hispanic Black individuals.

Conclusions
Our Bronx‐Valve Registry illustrates that the burden of VHD is high, increases with age, and varies among racial and ethnic groups. When diagnosed with VHD, non‐Hispanic Black, non‐Hispanic Asian, and Hispanic individuals are younger and with a higher burden of comorbidities. Appropriate resources and strategies need to be implemented to minimize racial and ethnic disparities and promote equity in VHD diagnosis and cardiovascular risk factor management.

Registration

URL:
https://clinicaltrials.gov
. Unique Identifier: NCT05453526.
Current and Projected Burden of Ischemic Cerebrovascular Events: Nationwide Estimates From the Dijon Stroke Registry, France
Authors: Béjot Yannick , Duloquin Gauthier 
Published: January 2025

Background
This study aimed to assess attack rates of ischemic cerebrovascular events (CVEs) in a population‐based registry and to estimate the current and projected burden of the disease in whole France.

Methods and Results

All cases of ischemic CVE (including ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack) were prospectively identified through the population‐based Dijon Stroke Registry, France (2013–2020). Annual attack rates and temporal trends were assessed. The number of patients in whole France and projections by 2050 were estimated by standardization to age‐ and sex‐specific attack rates. A total of 2869 cases of ischemic CVE were recorded (mean age, 75.7±15.9 years, 54.4% women) including 1763 ischemic stroke and 1106 transient ischemic attack (crude attack rate, 230/100 000 per year). The age‐standardized rate was 237 (95% CI, 229–246), with rates of 144 (95% CI, 137–150) for ischemic stroke and 93 (95% CI, 88–98) for transient ischemic attack. The rates were 152 (95% CI, 145–159) and 85 (95% CI, 80–90), respectively, when considering the tissue‐based American Heart Association/American Stroke Association definition. The attack rate during the 2019 to 2020 period was slightly lower than that observed during 2013 to 2014 (age‐standardized attack rate ratio, 0.90[95% CI, 0.81–0.99];
P
=0.035) but did not differ from that of other periods. The number of ischemic CVEs was estimated to be 164 126 annually in France during 2013 to 2020. An increase of 35% and 56% is expected by 2035 and 2050, respectively.

Conclusions
Our study highlighted a high burden of ischemic CVE that has been largely underestimated in France by administrative databases. Despite roughly stable attack rates over time, the absolute number of cases is expected to dramatically increase in coming years, thus questioning the sustainability of the health care system.
Migraine and its major subtypes – with and without aura are associated with polygenic scores for autism
Authors: Mohammad Salahuddin , Bussu Giorgia , Rukh Gull , Schiöth Helgi B. , Mwinyi Jessica 
Published: January 2025

Background Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience a wide array of neurological, psychiatric and medical comorbidities, yet little attention has been given to the potential link between ASD and migraine, one of the most prevalent neurological disorders worldwide. This study aimed to investigate whether a genetic predisposition for ASD is linked to migraine and its major subtypes, with and without aura. Additionally, potential moderator and mediators of the association between ASD and migraine were explored. Methods Polygenic scores (PGS) for ASD were constructed based on the genome-wide association study by the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, on the UK Biobank cohort dataset comprising 337,386 participants using PRSice-2. Regression analyses were performed to investigate the association of ASD PGS with migraine and its major subtypes, with and without aura. Sex was explored as a potential moderating factor. The mediation analyses took into consideration variables such as education, personality trait neuroticism, body mass index (BMI) and four categories of comorbidities (psychiatric, vascular, neurologic and others). Results ASD PGS were signiﬁcantly and positively associated with migraine (odds ratio (OR) = 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.02–1.05, p < 0.002), migraine without aura (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02–1.07, p < 0.002) and migraine with aura (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02–1.07, p < 0.002). No moderating effect of sex on the association between ASD PGS and migraine was observed. As for potential mediators, only the personality trait neuroticism significantly mediated the association between ASD PGS and migraine, with the proportion of effect mediated 8.75% (95% CI = 4–18%). Conclusions Our study suggests that individuals genetically predisposed to autism are at higher risk of experiencing migraine, including the two major subtypes, with and without aura. While emphasizing the complex shared genetic and pathophysiological interactions of these conditions, the role of personality trait neuroticism as a mediator of this relationship is highlighted.
Investigating the relationship between non-pathological neck pain and hand grip strength: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Alatawi Salem F 
Published: January 2025

Background:  Non-pathological neck pain (NPNP) is neck pain without a known cause. It might weaken the hand grip strength (HGS) by affecting the neck, shoulder, and upper extremity muscles. Head-neck positions (HNPs) can have a significant impact on neck pain. However, no previous study investigated the effect of NPNP and different HNPs on the HGS among healthcare professionals (HCPs). Objective:  To determine how HNPs influence the HGS of medical personnel with NPNP. Method:  A cross-sectional study recruited 46 healthcare professionals: 21 (45.7%) with and 25 (54.3%) without NPNP. A dynamometer, cervical range of motion, and visual analogue scale measured HGS, HNPs, and NPNPs, respectively. Participants were instructed to squeeze the handgrip dynamometer handle in 90-degree elbow flexion as much as possible from a seated position to measure HGS from the neutral head position (NHP), 40° head neck flexion (HFP40°), and 30° head neck extension (HEP30°). Data differences were analysed using ANOVA. The significance level was set at p < 0.05. Results:  The mean HGS for the dominant hand in NHP, HFP40°, and HEP30° was 29.27 (±9.03), 27.24 (±9.08), and 26.37 (±9.32), respectively, while for the non-dominant hand it was 27.45 (±9.62), 25.23 (±9.36), and 24.61 (±10.17). There was no significant correlation between HNPs and HGS. However, the only significant difference was between dominant HGS in the NHP and non-dominant HGS in the HEP30° (P = 0.018). Furthermore, NPNP had no significant effect on the HGS (P = 0.325). Conclusion:  NPNP had no significant influence on HGS in any of the three HNPs for either hand. Future studies should include other HNPs and other potential variables such as age, gender, weight, and pain intensity.
A nomogram for predicting central venous catheter-related infections in maintenance hemodialysis: A 4-year single-center study
Authors: Guo Zi-qing , Zhao Meng-han , Zhang Bing , Qi Qi , Ma Yao-yao , Liu Jin-ping , Mao Yi-ping 
Published: January 2025

Objective: To develop and validate a nomogram model for predicting central venous catheter-related infections (CRI) in patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD). Methods: MHD patients with central venous catheters (CVCs) visiting the outpatient hemodialysis (HD) center of Xuzhou Medical University Affiliated Hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 were retrospectively selected through a HD monitoring system. Patient data were collected, and the patients were divided into training and validation sets in a 7:3 ratio. The training set was used to establish the model, which was verified using the validation set. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for central venous CRI and develop a nomogram prediction model. Results: A total of 300 MHD patients were enrolled. Multivariate analysis showed that catheter duration, catheter site, catheter reinsertion, history of catheter infection, diabetes, and albumin <35 g/L were risk factors for central venous CRI. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) for the training set was 0.902 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.862–0.941), with a sensitivity of 85.7%, specificity of 80%, and a Youden index of 65.7%, and that for the validation set was 0.826 (95% CI = 0.726–0.905), with a sensitivity of 80.5%, specificity of 77.9%, and a Youden index of 58.4%. The model demonstrated good discrimination and calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test statistics: training set: χ2 = 4.709, p = 0.788; validation set: χ2 = 7.171, p = 0.518). Conclusion: This study identified six risk factors associated with central venous CRI in MHD patients. This predictive model demonstrates good prognostic performance and can be used by clinicians to screen for high-risk patients with central venous CRI, thereby enabling the early implementation of risk management strategies.
Neuroprotective effects of chitinase-1 and calcitonin gene-related peptide on Alzheimer's disease by promoting lysosomal function
Authors: Yang Wenkai , Yu Weihua , Lv Yang 
Published: January 2025

Background The amyloid cascade hypothesis still dominates in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and the acceleration of the clearance efficiency of amyloid-β (Aβ) has been always considered as an effective treatment option to slow the occurrence and progression of AD. Objective This study aims to explore the role of zkscan3 and its related pathways in AD of the microglia-mediated pathogenesis, and whether the combined effect of drugs can exert neuroprotective function. Methods N9 mouse microglia and HT-22 mouse hippocampal neurons were randomly divided into 6 groups, qRT-PCR technique was used to detect the gene expression level of zkscan3 and the genes related to lysosome generation and function. Fourteen C57 mice were randomly divided into two groups, and drug intervention model mice were randomly selected to establish from the AD group. Transmission electron microscope was used to detect the cell status and lysosome function in the hippocampus together with the other two groups. Results Compared with the AD model group, the gene expression of zkscan3 in the drug intervention group was downregulated, and the degree of neuronal injury in the hippocampus was reduced, the structure and number of synapses were improved, and the function of intracellular lysosome was enhanced. Conclusions Zkscan3 and its related genes play a vital role in the development of AD. CGRP and CHIT-1, as a combined intervention, imparts effects through zkscan3-related pathways to improve lysosomal function and exert certain neuroprotective effects.
Results of open reduction and internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures using a proximal humeral plating system with smooth pegs
Authors: Kjaer Christoffer , Hillblom Magnus , Lenholm Emma , Boström Windhamre Helena , Ekelund Anders 
Published: January 2025

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical results and complication rate in patients with proximal humeral fracture treated with Anatomical Locking Plate System (A.L.P.S.) Proximal Humeral Plating System with smooth pegs. Methods Retrospective evaluation of 116 consecutive patients treated with A.L.P.S. Proximal Humeral Plating System. Shoulder function was evaluated by Constant score and disabilities of arm, shoulder and hand (DASH). Furthermore, European Quality of life 5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) and single shoulder value (SSV) were assessed. Fractures were classified according to Neer. Results Fifty-two patients were included with a mean follow-up of 49 months. Mean Constant score was 62.8. Mean DASH was 17, and the mean EQ-5D was 0.91. According to Neer classification 63% ( n = 33) of the fractures were two-part, 31% ( n = 16) three-part, and 6% ( n = 3) four-part fractures. Peg penetration was registered in 13 cases (25%, n = 52). In total a reoperation rate of 23% ( n = 12) and an overall complication rate of 37% ( n = 19) were recorded. Discussion/conclusion Open reduction and plate fixation with the A.L.P.S. Proximal Humeral Plating System with smooth pegs provides a stable fixation with good clinical outcome and complication and reoperation rates in line with previous studies with plates using screws in the humeral head.
Digital healthcare services in community pharmacies in Switzerland: Pharmacist and patient acceptability, and pharmacist readiness–the Pneumoscope™ pilot study
Authors: Backes Claudine , Godot Coralie , Gujer Cédric Yan , Obegi Noémie , Perez Alexandre , Gervaix Alain , Schneider Marie P. 
Published: January 2025

Background The integration of artificial intelligence (AI)-based pharmaceutical services in community pharmacy (CP) settings has the potential to enhance point-of-care services and improve informed patient access to healthcare. The Pneumoscope™, an innovative AI-powered digital stethoscope that analyses lung sounds to detect specific respiratory pathologies, could be a valuable tool for pharmacists in conducting respiratory screening. To understand how this device can be implemented in the healthcare system, this exploratory research aims to assess the acceptability of pharmacists and patients, and the pharmacists’ readiness to use the Pneumoscope™ in CPs for respiratory disease management. Methods A 2-stage exploratory approach was conducted using mixed methods: 1) a qualitative analysis of pharmacists’ acceptability and readiness was developed using semi-structured interviews and focus groups ; 2) followed by a quantitative cross-sectional survey of patients’ acceptability of the device in CPs. Results Pharmacists were generally positive about the integration of e-health services into their daily clinical practice, recognizing their potential to improve advanced pharmaceutical triage and collaboration with physicians. Most patients were satisfied with the care provided by CPs, and their acceptability to use the Pneumoscope™ was significantly associated with their level of confidence in AI (p = 0.0092) and with the location of their CP (p = 0.0276). Conclusions Digital devices such as the Pneumoscope™ have the potential to reinforce the pharmacists’ clinical roles within an interprofessional team and improve patient care, but further scientific evaluation and implementation are necessary to support its integration and ensure its reimbursement by health insurers.
Association of Antihypertensive and Statin Medication Usage With Postoperative Stiffness After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Authors: Perez Andres R. , Destiné Henson , Kern Nathaniel , Patel Neel K. , Hall Anya T. , Reddy Manoj , Looney Austin , Freedman Kevin B. , Tjoumakaris Fotios P. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), and statins may be able to modulate postoperative stiffness, a major cause of morbidity after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (aRCR). Purpose: To determine whether there is an association between ACEi, ARB, or statin usage and stiffness after aRCR. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients who underwent primary aRCR between January 2016 and December 2019 were categorized into 4 groups depending on the usage of ACEi (n = 45), ARB (n = 27), statins (n = 53), or none of these medications (controls; n = 113). Range of motion in flexion, abduction, internal rotation (IR), and external rotation (ER) was recorded preoperatively and at 6 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. Functional outcomes were assessed with the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) score, the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), and the Simple Shoulder Test (SST) preoperatively and at 1 and 2 years postoperatively. The groups were compared using t test or Mann-Whitney U test for continuous data and chi-square or Fisher exact test for categorical data. Results: Preoperatively, compared with controls, the ACEi group had decreased flexion ( P = .038), abduction ( P = .001), ER ( P = .009), and IR ( P = .015); the ARB group had decreased abduction ( P = .012) and IR ( P = .019); and the statins group had decreased abduction ( P = .015), ER ( P = .008), and IR ( P = .011). Postoperatively, compared with controls, the ACEi group had decreased 6-month abduction ( P = .034) that resolved by 12 months and 3-month ER ( P = .004) that persisted into 6 months, the ARB group had greater ER at 12 months ( P = .006), and the statins group had increased 6-week abduction ( P = .017) that normalized by 3 months. Patients taking ACEi had lower postoperative ASES (30 vs 58.6; P = .001) and SANE scores (28.4 vs 52.3; P = .002) at 1 year and lower SST scores at 2 years (74.7 vs 85.5; P = .002) versus controls. Conclusion: Patients who used ACEi showed an increased risk of stiffness 6 months postoperatively and had worse SST scores at 2 years after aRCR, while those who used ARB demonstrated improved postoperative ER and IR, with no changes in functional outcomes at longer-term follow-ups.
Integrated Business and Engineering Educational Experience for Medical Students in the Development of Pediatric Medical Devices
Authors: Li Jennifer J. , Lee Jonathan , Sathialingam Mayilone , Ha Nhi , Galoyan Tamara , Faye Ethan , Kim Michael , Shelby Tara , Shah Rishabh , Lee Yelim , Bent Melissa , Espinoza Juan C. 
Published: January 2025

BACKGROUND There are few opportunities in undergraduate medical education that provide formal training in engineering and scientific innovation. Institutions have sought to address student-specific career goals through combined degree programs such as the Medical Scientist Training Program and MD/MBA. However, only a small percentage of medical students pursue these additional degrees. Partnerships between medical schools and Medical Technology (MedTech) accelerators may create unique opportunities for medical students to gain real-world experience with scientific innovation and entrepreneurship. METHODS An internship program was developed by the Keck Translational Biotechnology Association and the West Coast Consortium for Technology & Innovation in Pediatrics (CTIP), a Food and Drug Administration-funded pediatric medical device accelerator. Students and companies applied to participate and were paired based on students’ interests and experience, and project plans were developed together. An initial orientation provided an overview of the program structure and expectations. Students and mentors met biweekly to address questions or concerns surrounding the progress of their projects. Students gave final project presentations and completed program evaluations. Data from 3 iterations of the program are reported. RESULTS Student program satisfaction was measured across 5 domains. Students felt that working with CTIP was valuable to their education (mean score = 3.7 of 5.0) and encouraged them to pursue future careers in MedTech (mean score = 4.0 of 5.0). Students provided a few suggestions to improve the program, including more structure, clear expectations around time commitment and deliverables, and stipends for students. Participation in the program grew over time. CONCLUSIONS The initial iterations of the internship program were well received by students. Several opportunities for improvement were noted. The program grew over time. Partnerships with accelerator programs at medical schools and academic medical centers may provide key real-world opportunities for students to learn about MedTech.
Single minimal conjunctival incision for rectus muscles: a pilot feasibility study
Authors: Tejedor Jaime , Gutiérrez-Carmona Francisco J. 
Published: January 2025

Background: Small conjunctival incision size is desirable in strabismus surgery under topical anesthesia. Objective: To study the feasibility and tolerability of a small bulbar conjunctival incision (SB). Design: Non-randomized feasibility pilot study. Methods: After applying a 5-0 PGA (polyglycolic acid) traction suture, we did a 3–4 mm single conjunctival incision posterior and parallel to the rectus muscle insertion. A hang-back recession was done (6-0 PGA suture), and the conjunctiva closed (8-0 PGA suture). The outcome measures were feasibility, tolerability, and motor result. Results: Twenty-five patients were included. The median pain scale score was 3/10, and the satisfaction Net Promoter Score was 72. Mean duration of a recession was 12 min (range: 9–14 min). Mean duration of inflammatory signs and hemorrhage were 2.2 days (95% CI, 1.4–2.9), and 8.5 days (95% CI, 7.1–9.9), respectively. Distance deviation at 2 months was 3.1 Prism Diopters (95% CI, 1.5–4.5). Conclusion: SB is feasible and well tolerated for extraocular rectus muscle surgery.