bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Topography of plasma membrane microdomains and its consequences for mast cell signaling
Authors: Heneberg Petr , Lebduška Pavel , Dráberová L'ubica , Korb Jan , Dráber Petr 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThy‐1 (CD90) is a glycoprotein bound to the plasma membrane by a GPI anchor. Aggregation of Thy‐1 in mast cells and basophils induces activation events independent of the expression of Fcϵ receptor I (FcϵRI). Although we and others have previously suggested that plasma membrane microdomains called lipid rafts are implicated in both Thy‐1 and FcϵRI signaling, properties of these microdomains are still poorly understood. In this study we used rat basophilic leukemia cells and their transfectants expressing both endogenous Thy‐1.1 and exogenous Thy‐1.2 genes and analyzed topography of the Thy‐1 isoforms and Thy‐1‐induced signaling events. Light microscopy showed that both Thy‐1 isoforms were in the plasma membrane distributed randomly and independently. Electron microscopy on isolated membrane sheets and fluorescence resonance energy transfer analysis indicated cross‐talk between Thy‐1 isoforms and between Thy‐1 and FcϵRI. This cross‐talk was dependent on actin filaments. Thy‐1 aggregates colocalized with two transmembrane adaptor proteins, non‐T cell activation linker (NTAL) and linker for activation of T cells (LAT), which had been shown to inhabit different membrane microdomains. Thy‐1 aggregation led to tyrosine phosphorylation of these two adaptors. The combined data indicate that aggregated GPI‐anchored proteins can attract different membrane proteins in different clusters and thus can trigger different signaling pathways.
Immunisation with recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara expressing HIV‐1 gag in HIV‐1‐infected subjects stimulates broad functional CD4+ T cell responses
Authors: Ondondo Beatrice O. , Yang Hongbing , Dong Tao , di Gleria Kati , Suttill Annie , Conlon Christopher , Brown Denise , Williams Patricia , Rowland‐Jones Sarah L. , Hanke Tomáš , McMichael Andrew J. , Dorrell Lucy 
Published: October 2006

AbstractVirus‐specific CD4+ T cells with IL‐2‐secreting and/or proliferative capacity are detected readily in HIV‐1‐infected long‐term nonprogressors and rarely in persons with untreated progressive infection. The contribution of these cells to viraemia control is uncertain, but this question might be addressed in clinical therapeutic vaccination studies. However, the quality of T helper responses induced by currently available HIV‐1 vaccine candidates has not been explored in depth. We determined the effect of vaccination with modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) expressing HIV‐1 gag p24/p17 (MVA.HIVA) on HIV‐1‐specific CD4+ T cell responses in 16 chronically infected, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)‐treated subjects using CD8‐depleted IFN‐γ ELISPOT assays, intracellular cytokine staining assays for IL‐2 and IFN‐γ, and a CFSE‐based proliferation assay. Gag‐specific CD4+ T cell responses were significantly increased in magnitude and breadth after vaccination and targeted both known and new epitopes, several of which were also recognised by healthy HIV‐uninfected volunteers immunised with the same vaccines. The frequencies of CD4+ T cells expressing IL‐2 or IFN‐γ, alone or simultaneously, were also augmented. These findings indicate that functional virus‐specific T helper cells can be boosted by vaccination in chronic HIV‐1 infection. Further evaluation of their role in viraemia control is warranted.
Silver, Palladium and Rhodium Complexes of Acenaphthylene‐AnullatedN‐Heterocyclic Carbene Ligands: A Comparative Study
Authors: Türkmen Hayati , Şahin Onur , Büyükgüngör Orhan , Çetinkaya Bekir 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe newly prepared carbene precursor 1,3‐dimesitylacenaphtho[1,2‐d]imidazolinium chloride, (NHC–H)Cl, 3, could be readily converted into the NHC‐silver(I) complex, 4, which is an efficient carbene transfer agent and has been used to synthesise thione 5, trans‐[PdCl2(NHC)2], 6 and [RhCl(NHC)(COD)], 7. All compounds synthesised were characterised by elemental analysis, NMR spectroscopy and the molecular structures of the thione 5 and complex 7 were determined by X‐ray crystallography. Complex 7 was converted into cis‐[RhCl(NHC)(CO)2] and the electron donating properties and trans influence of the NHC ligand were compared with nonanullated counterparts. The catalytic activity in the Heck reaction of 6 and the in situ formed palladium complex was evaluated. The activity of the in situ formed complexes for the Heck coupling of alkenes was high. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Synthesis, Crystal Structures, and Magnetic Properties of 2D Manganese(II) and 1D Gadolinium(III) Coordination Polymers with 1H‐1,2,3‐Triazole‐4,5‐dicarboxylic Acid
Authors: Shi Wei , Chen Xiao‐Yan , Xu Na , Song Hai‐Bin , Zhao Bin , Cheng Peng , Liao Dai‐Zheng , Yan Shi‐Ping 
Published: October 2006

AbstractTwo new coordination polymers, namely [{Mn3(tda)2(H2O)6}·6H2O]n (1) and [{Gd(H2O)4(Htda)}·(H2tda)·H2O]n (2) (H3tda = 1H‐1,2,3‐triazole‐4,5‐dicarboxylic acid), have been prepared and characterized by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Polymer 1 is a novel 2D stair‐like coordination polymer, while 2 is a 1D chain. Temperature‐dependent magnetic measurements indicate the existence of antiferromagnetic interactions in both 1 and 2. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Mechanochemical Control of Synthesis and Structures of Aqua‐Bridged Binuclear Nickel(II) Benzoate Complexes
Authors: Karmakar Anirban , Sarma Rupam J. , Baruah Jubaraj B. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractSynthetic and structural aspects of a few binuclear nickel(II) complexes, having two bridging carboxylate groups and aqua groups are reported. Intramolecular O–H···O hydrogen bonding interactions between the bridging aqua group and the monodentate benzoate groups stabilises the bridging structures. Aqua‐bridged nickel(II) benzoate complex is stable irrespective of solvent system and also can include solvent molecules such as toluene and benzene. A mixed chloro, aqua and 4‐chloro‐benzoato‐bridged NiII binuclear complex was synthesised and structurally characterised. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Synthesis of Functionalized Amphiphilic Glycoconjugates and Glycoclusters
Authors: Dubber Michael , Patel Anupama , Sadalapure Kashinath , Aumüller Ingo , Lindhorst Thisbe K. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractGlycolipids are involved in many cellular recognition processes, so there is a need for their synthesis as well as for the design and preparation of glycolipid mimetics. In addition to the application of glycolipid mimetics in a glycobiological context, they are also of interest in many other fields of research, due to their amphiphilic characters. Our goal was to elaborate a series of known orthogonally functionalized glycomimetics and cluster glycosides into glycomimetics of a glycolipid type, so monosaccharide building blocks such as 3, glycodendrons such as 19, and branched cluster glycosides of the type 24 were ligated with lipophilic molecules by peptide coupling, this conjugation providing a new class of complex amphiphilic glycoconjugates with high molecular diversity. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2006)
Cell dimensioning in the CDMA uplink based on economic modelling
Authors: Siris Vasilios A. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWe introduce a new approach, based on economic modelling, for determining the optimal cell coverage in the CDMA uplink. The approach takes into account resource usage in the uplink direction and user preferences, which are expressed through utility functions, and captures the tradeoff between having a large cell with many users versus having a smaller cell with fewer users, which however are able to transmit at a higher rate. Numerical investigations demonstrate how the optimal cell coverage is affected by the path propagation characteristics, the transmission power limit, the distribution of mobile users in a cell and the users' preferences. Copyright © 2006 AEIT.
Advance market commitments for vaccines against neglected diseases: estimating costs and effectiveness
Authors: Berndt Ernst R. , Glennerster Rachel , Kremer Michael R. , Lee Jean , Levine Ruth , Weizsäcker Georg , Williams Heidi 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe G8 is considering committing to purchase vaccines against diseases concentrated in low‐income countries (if and when desirable vaccines are developed) as a way to spur research and development on vaccines for these diseases. Under such an ‘advance market commitment,’ one or more sponsors would commit to a minimum price to be paid per person immunized for an eligible product, up to a certain number of individuals immunized. For additional purchases, the price would eventually drop to close to marginal cost. If no suitable product were developed, no payments would be made. We estimate the offer size which would make revenues similar to the revenues realized from investments in typical existing commercial pharmaceutical products, as well as the degree to which various model contracts and assumptions would affect the cost‐effectiveness of such a commitment. We make adjustments for lower marketing costs under an advance market commitment and the risk that a developer may have to share the market with subsequent developers. We also show how this second risk could be reduced, and money saved, by introducing a superiority clause to a commitment. Under conservative assumptions, we document that a commitment comparable in value to sales earned by the average of a sample of recently launched commercial products (adjusted for lower marketing costs) would be a highly cost‐effective way to address HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis. Sensitivity analyses suggest most characteristics of a hypothetical vaccine would have little effect on the cost‐effectiveness, but that the duration of protection conferred by a vaccine strongly affects potential cost‐effectiveness. Readers can conduct their own sensitivity analyses employing a web‐based spreadsheet tool. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Neuroimaging H.M.: A 10‐year follow‐up examination
Authors: Salat D.H. , van der Kouwe A.J.W. , Tuch D.S. , Quinn B.T. , Fischl B. , Dale A.M. , Corkin S. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIn 1997, Corkin et al. described the anatomical boundaries of the amnesic patient H.M.'s surgical resection, based on a comprehensive analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans collected in 1992 and 1993 (Corkin et al. (1997) J Neurosci 17:3964–3979). We subsequently scanned H.M. on several occasions, employing more advanced data acquisition and analysis methods, and now describe additional details about his brain anatomy and pathology. This account combines results from high‐resolution T1‐weighted scans, which provide measures of cortical and subcortical morphometry, diffusion tensor images, which provide quantitative information about white matter microstructure and the anatomy of major fasciculi, and T2‐weighted images, which highlight damage to deep white matter. We applied new MRI analysis techniques to these scans to assess the integrity of areas throughout H.M.'s brain. We documented a number of new changes, including cortical thinning, atrophy of deep gray matter structures, and a large volume of abnormal white matter and deep gray matter signal. Most of these alterations were not apparent in his prior scans, suggesting that they are of recent origin. Advanced age and hypertension likely contributed to these new findings. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lifetime adult weight gain, central adiposity, and the risk of pre‐ and postmenopausal breast cancer in the Western New York exposures and breast cancer study
Authors: Han Daikwon , Nie Jing , Bonner Matthew R. , McCann Susan E. , Muti Paola , Trevisan Maurizio , Ramirez‐Marrero Farah A. , Vito Dominica , Freudenheim Jo L. 
Published: October 2006

AbstractWhile there are quite consistent data regarding associations of body weight and postmenopausal breast cancer, there are now accumulating data that would indicate that weight gain in adult life is more predictive of risk than absolute body weight. There is, however, little known about the relative impact of timing of weight gain in adult life as well as other characteristics of the weight and breast cancer association that might provide insight into the mechanism of the observation. We conducted a population‐based case control study of breast cancer (1996–2001), the Western New York Exposures and Breast Cancer Study. Included were 1,166 women with primary, histologically confirmed, incident breast cancer and 2,105 controls frequency‐matched on age, race and county of residence. Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. We found increased risk of breast cancer associated with lifetime adult weight gain among post‐ but not premenopausal women, and there was a 4% increase in risk for each 5 kg increase in adult weight. Further there was a tendency toward a stronger association for those with higher waist circumference and those with positive estrogen or progesterone status, and who had never used HRT. We also found an association with risk for weight gain since first pregnancy and for weight gain between the time of the first pregnancy and menopause, independent of body mass index and lifetime adult weight gain. Our results suggest that there are time periods of weight gain that have greater impact on risk, and that central body fat, receptor status and hormone replacement therapy may all affect the observed association. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of bioaugmentation by an anaerobic lipolytic bacterium on anaerobic digestion of lipid‐rich waste
Authors: Cirne Dores G. , Björnsson Lovisa , Alves Madalena , Mattiasson Bo 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effect of bioaugmentation with an anaerobic lipolytic bacterial strain on the anaerobic digestion of restaurant lipid‐rich waste was studied in batch experiments with a model waste containing 10% lipids (triolein) under two sets of experimental conditions: (A) methanogenic conditions, and (B) initially acidogenic conditions in the presence of only the lipolytic strain biomass (4 days), followed by methanogenic conditions. The bioaugmenting lipolytic strain, Clostridium lundense (DSM 17049T), was isolated from bovine rumen. The highest lipolytic activity was detected at the beginning of the experiments. A higher methane production rate, 27.7 cm3 CH4(STP) g−1 VSadded day−1 (VS, volatile solids) was observed in experiment A with the presence of the bioaugmenting lipolytic strain under methanogenic conditions. The highest initial oleate concentration, 99% of the total oleate contained in the substrate, was observed in the experiments with the bioaugmenting lipolytic strain under treatment A conditions; the levels of palmitate and stearate were also higher until day 15, indicating that the bioaugmentation strategy improved the hydrolysis of the lipid fraction. In general, the results indicated that degradation of the long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) controlled the digestion process. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
Inhibition of integrin αvβ3 reduces blood–brain barrier breakdown in focal ischemia in rats
Authors: Shimamura Norihito , Matchett Gerald , Solaroglu Ihsan , Tsubokawa Tamiji , Ohkuma Hiroki , Zhang John 
Published: October 2006

AbstractIschemic stroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialized nations. We tested the effect of postischemic treatment of cyclo‐RGDfV (cRGDfV), a selective inhibitor of integrin αvβ3, in the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of ischemic stroke in rats. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation (n = 13), MCAO with no treatment (n = 18), and MCAO with cRGDfV treatment (n = 28). Focal ischemia was induced with the suture occlusion method for 2 hr, and treatment was given 1 hr after reperfusion (3 hr after ischemia). All animals were sacrificed 24 hr after reperfusion. Assessment included neurological scores, infarction volumes, brain water content, Evans blue exudation, IgG exudation, histology, immunohistochemistry, and Western blotting. Treatment with cRGDfV ameliorated neurological deficits, reduced brain edema, and reduced exudation of Evans blue dye and IgG, but failed to reduce infarction volumes. Western blotting showed a reduction in phosphorylation of one subset of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors in the cRGDfV treatment group. Western blotting also demonstrated a significant reduction of fibrinogen in the cRGDfV treatment group. We conclude that poststroke treatment with cRGDfV reduces blood–brain barrier breakdown in focal ischemia, possibly through inhibition of VEGF‐mediated vascular breakdown. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polycystin‐1 can interact with homer 1/Vesl‐1 in postnatal hippocampal neurons
Authors: Stokely Martha E. , Hwang Sung‐Yong , Hwang Ji‐yeon , Fan Betty , King Michael A. , Inokuchi Kaoru , Koulen Peter 
Published: October 2006

AbstractPolycystin‐1 (PC‐1) has been identified as critical to development of the nervous system, but the significance of PC‐1 expression in neurons remains undefined, and little is known of its roles outside the kidney, where mutation results in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). In kidney, PC‐1 interacts with cadherins, catenins, and its cognate calcium channel polycystin‐2 (PC‐2), which in turn interacts with a number of actin‐regulatory proteins. Because some of the proteins that interact with PC‐1 in kidney also participate in synaptic remodeling and plasticity in the hippocampus, we decided to test PC‐1's potential to interact with a recently discovered type of plasticity‐associated protein (homer 1a/Vesl‐1S) in postnatal mouse hippocampus. Homer 1a/Vesl‐1S is an activity‐induced protein believed to participate in synaptic remodeling/plasticity responses to temporal lobe seizure and learning. Here we report the following. 1) PC‐1 contains a homer‐binding motif (PPxxF), which lies within its purported cytoplasmic domain. 2) Immunoreactivity for PC‐1 (PC‐1‐ir) is highly colocalized with homer 1a immunoreactivity (H1a‐ir) in primary cultured hippocampal neurons. 3) PC‐1‐ir and H1a‐ir are present and appear to be colocalized in mouse hippocampus but not cortex on postnatal day 2 (P2), when higher frequencies of spontaneous activity are normal for hippocampus compared with cortex. 4) An endogenous PC‐1‐ir band with the correct size for the reported C‐terminal G‐protein‐sensitive domain cleavage product of PC‐1 (∼150 kDa) coimmunoprecipitates with endogenous homer 1/Vesl‐1 proteins from mouse brain, suggesting that PC‐1 can interact with homer 1/Vesl‐1 proteins in postnatal hippocampal neurons. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cryoprotective additives and cryostabilisation effects on muscle fillets of the freshwater teleost fish Rohu carp (Labeo rohita) during prolonged frozen storage
Authors: Jasra Shashi Kiran , Zielinski Barbara , Jasra Pardeep Kumar 
Published: October 2006

AbstractThe effects of various cryoprotective additives separately and in combination were studied on the myofibrillar protein integrity, biochemical enzyme activity levels and muscle ultrastructure in the freshwater teleost fish Rohu carp (Labeo rohita). Fish muscle samples were divided into eight groups and immersed in different mixtures of cryoprotective additives (S1–S8), then frozen at − 20 or − 30 °C for 24 months. Electrophoretic studies revealed early (within 6 months) alteration of the myofibrillar proteins myosin light chain, α‐actinin and tropomyosin. Reduction of the storage temperature from − 20 to − 30 °C slowed down the degradative processes. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that fish muscle treated with cryoprotective mixture S8 (40 g L−1 sorbitol/3 g L−1 sodium tripolyphosphate/4 g L−1 sodium alginate) showed minimal post mortem changes in myofibrillar proteins. Ultrastructural results also revealed post mortem damage to the muscle, seen earliest (within 6 months) in the sample frozen‐stored without additives (S2), as compared with the normal, unfrozen muscle (S1). The influence of cryoprotectants alone and in combination on fish muscle structural proteins, myosin and actin filaments (A and I bands), during prolonged frozen storage was investigated. After 12 months, samples frozen‐stored with various cryoprotective additives (S2‐S7), except S8, showed signs of myofibrillar disintegration. Beyond that time the degradative processes started showing up in all samples, with minimal muscle ultrastructural damage in sample S8. Again, reducing the storage temperature from − 20 to − 30 °C slowed down the degradative processes. Ultrastructural results correlated well with levels of biochemical enzymes (Ca2+ myofibrillar ATPase and succinic dehydrogenase) during frozen storage. This is the first report of the cryoprotective effects of these additives on this popular edible fish species. Of the various combinations of additives tested, cryoprotective mixture S8 was found to preserve the muscle structure longest under frozen storage conditions. However, even this mixture was only effective for 18 months at − 30 °C. Beyond that time the myofibrillar degradative processes were apparent with correlative electrophoretic, biochemical and ultrastructural studies. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry
The molecular basis of urgency: regional difference of vanilloid receptor expression in the human urinary bladder
Authors: Liu Lu , Mansfield Kylie J. , Kristiana Ika , Vaux Kenneth J. , Millard Richard J. , Burcher Elizabeth 
Published: October 2006

AbstractAimTreatments targeting vanilloid receptor TRPV1 are effective in some bladder disorders. Our aim was to determine the expression profiles of TRPV1 in regions of human bladder and test the hypothesis that there would be an upregulation of TRPV1 in mucosa of patients with bladder hypersensitivity but not idiopathic detrusor overactivity (IDO).Materials and MethodsWomen with sensory urgency (SU), interstitial cystitis (IC), and IDO were investigated by videourodynamics and cystoscopy. Control biopsies were used for comparison. Biopsies were dissected into mucosa and muscle, and evaluated for TRPV1 mRNA expression using quantitative competitive RT‐PCR (QC‐RT‐PCR).ResultsTRPV1 mRNA from SU trigonal mucosa was significantly higher than control trigonal mucosa or SU bladder body mucosa. In contrast, in IDO patients, there was no difference between trigonal mucosa and body mucosa. In IC biopsies, RNA quality was substandard and unable to be used for analysis. The most striking finding was that TRPV1 mRNA expressed in SU trigonal mucosa was significantly inversely correlated with the bladder volume at first sensation of filling during cystometry. No such relationship was seen for IDO trigonal mucosa. No difference was seen in bladder body mucosa from any disease groups compared with age‐matched control.ConclusionsThe symptoms of SU were associated with the increased expression of TRPV1 mRNA in the trigonal mucosa. No upregulation or regional differences of TRPV1 mRNA were seen in IDO patients. TRPV1 may play a role in SU and premature first bladder sensation on filling. Neurourol. Urodynam. 26:433–438, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.