bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Babylon: middleware for distributed, parallel, and mobile Java applications
Authors: van Heiningen Willem , MacDonald Steve , Brecht Tim 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBabylon is a collection of tools and services that provide a 100% Java‐compatible environment for developing, running and managing parallel, distributed and mobile Java applications. It incorporates features such as object migration, asynchronous method invocation, and remote class loading, while providing an easy‐to‐use interface. Additionally, Babylon enables Java applications to seamlessly create and interact with remote objects, while protecting those objects from other applications by implementing access restrictions and separate namespaces. The implementation of Babylon centers around dynamic proxies, a feature first available in Java 1.3, that allow proxy objects to be created at runtime. Dynamic proxies play a key role in achieving the goals of Babylon. The potential cluster computing benefits of the system are demonstrated with experimental results, which show that sequential Java applications can achieve significant performance benefits from using Babylon to parallelize their work across a cluster of workstations. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Identification of erythroid‐enriched gene expression in the mouse embryonic yolk sac using microdissected cells
Authors: Redmond Latasha C. , Dumur Catherine I. , Archer Kellie J. , Haar Jack L. , Lloyd Joyce A. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractLittle is known about the genes that control the embryonic erythroid program. Laser capture microdissection was used to isolate primitive erythroid precursors and epithelial cells from frozen sections of the embryonic day 9.5 yolk sac. The RNA samples were amplified and labeled for hybridization to Affymetrix GeneChip Mouse Genome 430A 2.0 arrays. Ninety‐one genes are expressed significantly higher in erythroid than in epithelial cells. Ingenuity pathway analysis indicates that many of these erythroid‐enriched genes cluster in highly significant biological networks. One of these networks contains RBTN2/LMO2, SCL/TAL1, and EKLF/KLF1, three of the very few genes required for primitive erythropoiesis. Quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction was used to verify that platelet factor 4, reelin, thrombospondin‐1, and muscleblind‐like 1 mRNA is erythroid‐enriched. These genes have established roles in development or differentiation in other systems, and are, therefore, good candidates for regulating primitive erythropoiesis. These results provide a catalog of genes expressed during primitive erythropoiesis. Developmental Dynamics 237:436–446, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE‐Q): Norms for undergraduate women
Authors: Luce Kristine H. , Crowther Janis H. , Pole Michele 
Published: January 2008

AbstractObjective:This research presents normative data on the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (Fairburn and Beglin, Int J Eat Disorder, 16, 363‐370, 1994) (EDE‐Q) for samples of undergraduate women in the United States.Method:College women (N = 723), ages 18–25, completed the EDE‐Q as part of a larger assessment battery.Results:Average scores, standard deviations, and percentile ranks for the raw Restraint, Eating Concern, Shape Concern, and Weight Concern subscales and the Global score are reported. Data on the occurrence of objective and subjective bulimic episodes and compensatory behaviors are presented.Conclusion:These results are helpful for clinicians and researchers in the interpretation of the EDE‐Q scores of undergraduate women in the United States. Comparisons are drawn between the results for this sample and those of a United Kingdom sample of young adolescent females, an Australian community sample, and an Australian community age‐matched sample. © 2008 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2008
Novel N,N,O Scorpionate Ligands and Transition Metal Complexes Thereof Suitable for Polymerisation
Authors: Hübner Eike , Türkoglu Gazi , Wolf Marion , Zenneck Ulrich , Burzlaff Nicolai 
Published: January 2008

AbstractEsterification of 2,2‐bis(3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)‐3‐hydroxypropionic acid (2) with methacryloyl chloride led to the new κ3‐N,N,O ligand 2,2‐bis(3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)‐3‐methacrylato‐propionic acid (Hbdmpzmp) (3). The κ3‐N,N,O coordination as known from bis(3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)acetic acid (Hbdmpza, 1) was proven by syntheses of the complexes [Mn(bdmpzmp)(CO)3] (4) and [Re(bdmpzmp)(CO)3] (5) and the single‐crystal X‐ray structure of 4. The methacrylic ester functionality makes 3, 4 and 5 suitable for polymerisation. Thus, copolymerisation of 3 with methyl methacrylate (MMA), a combination of MMA and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) or pure EGDMA led to various solid phases (P1a–P1c, P2, P3a, P3b) with incorporated ligand. Polymer‐bound manganese and rhenium tricarbonyl complexes could be obtained by copolymerisation of 4 and 5 with MMA as well as by a polymer analogous reaction of P1a with appropriate metal salts. In both cases, the facial tripodal binding behaviour was evidenced by IR spectra of the polymer supported transition metal complexes and the uptake of manganese was proven by AAS measurements. Reaction of the soluble deprotonated solid phase P1a with copper(II) chloride led to a deep‐blue solid phase (P‐Cu‐I). The UV/Vis absorption maximum at 715 nm indicates the copper centres to act as crosslinking agent by a similar binding behaviour as in [Cu(bdmpza)2]. In contrast, the heterogeneous reaction of P1b with copper(II) chloride formed a lime‐green solid phase (P‐Cu‐II). The bathochromic shift of the absorption maximum by 78 nm suggests one‐sided bound copper centres. EPR spectra do not show exchange narrowing between the copper centres indicating the metal centres to be far enough apart from each other to prevent magnetic interactions. (© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2008)
Modulation of cell growth and apoptosis response in human prostate cancer cells supplemented with tocotrienols
Authors: Nesaretnam Kalanithi , Koon Teoh Hoon , Selvaduray Kanga Rani , Bruno Richard S. , Ho Emily 
Published: January 2008

AbstractPrevious studies have shown that tocotrienols are powerful growth inhibitors and potent inducers of apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. The objective of the current study was to examine effects of tocotrienols on apoptotic signals in androgen‐independent PC‐3 human prostate cancer cells. We investigated the effects of the tocotrienol‐rich fraction (TRF) from palm oil, α‐tocopherol (αT), α‐tocotrienol (αT3), γ‐tocotrienol (γT3) and δ‐tocotrienol (δT3) on PC‐3 cell growth. TRF inhibited PC‐3 growth with a nonlinear response, with complete growth suppression at 10 µg/mL. δT3 and γT3 showed complete cell inhibition at 8 µg/mL whilst αT had no effect. δT3 and γT3 showed the most promise in the cell growth assays, and all subsequent experiments were performed with δT3, TRF and αT. TRF and δT3 at 8 µg/mL induced apoptosis in PC‐3 cells after 48 h of treatment. In addition, TRF and δT3 treatments were able to affect the cell cycle, with accumulation in the S phase, G2 phase block and increases in SubG1 by 72 h. We then proceeded to investigate the expression levels of Fas receptor and Fas ligand, caspase 8, caspase 3 and bax in PC‐3 cells following treatment with tocotrienols using real‐time PCR and Western blot methods. TRF and δT3 at 8 µg/mL increased Fas ligand expression levels by 368 and 456%, respectively, after 24 h and Fas receptor expression levels by 210% and 356%, respectively, after 48 h. TRF‐ and δT3‐treated PC‐3 cells overexpressed caspase 8 and bax protein after 24 h, and caspase 3 after 48 h. In conclusion, tocotrienols are able to induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in PC‐3 cells, with increased expression of Fas receptor, Fas ligand, caspase 8, caspase 3 and bax, suggesting a potential role in chemoprevention of prostate cancer.
Separation of aromatic acids by wide‐bore electrophoresis with nanoparticles prepared by electrospray as pseudostationary phase
Authors: Liu Dan‐ning , Wang Jing , Guo Yu‐gao , Yuan Rui‐juan , Wang Huai‐feng , Bao James J. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractA model mixture of six aromatic acids has been separated using a laboratory‐made wide‐bore electrophoretic device with aminopropyl‐modified nanoparticles used as pseudostationary phase. Optimization of preparation of nanoparticles by an electrospray (ES) method is described. With the optimized electrophoretic method, 30 mmol/L acetate running buffer, pH 4.5, containing 1.0 mg/mL of nanoparticles as an additive was used, and 3.0 kV applied potential, improved resolution was achieved. The average theoretical plate number obtained was above 5.0×104 theoretical plates per meter with the highest value achieved in certain runs exceeding 1.0×105 theoretical plates per meter, which was better than previously reported results (∼6.7×104 theoretical plates per meter). Furthermore, repeatabilities of 2, 6.5, and 6% were obtained for the migration time, peak areas, and peak height, respectively. Additionally, sample capacity and sensitivity were improved by hundredfold using the novel wide‐bore electrophoresis system compared to traditional CE.
Separation of very hydrophobic analytes by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. III. Characterization and optimization of the composition of the separation electrolyte using carbon number equivalents
Authors: Huhn Carolin , Pütz Michael , Pyell Ute 
Published: January 2008

AbstractFour coefficients are suggested to characterize the separation properties of separation electrolytes in MEKC. These coefficients are the electrophoretic mobility of the pseudostationary phase (PSP), the electroosmotic mobility, and two parameters which can be obtained via the Martin equation using the retention data of the members of a suitable homologous series. These four coefficients are used for the characterization of separation electrolytes applicable to the separation of very hydrophobic analytes (log POW = 3–4) with SDS as PSP and to quantitatively describe the influence of the buffer additives ACN and urea for the fine‐tuning of retention factors and the additive calcium chloride for the fine‐tuning of the width of the migration time window. Together with carbon number equivalents (NC*) as analyte descriptors the suggested coefficients provide a tool for the fast optimization of the composition of the separation electrolyte. The proposed method optimization scheme is applied to the separation of ingredients of essential oils. Predicted resolutions are compared to experimental results.
Evaluating genotoxicity data to identify a mode of action and its application in estimating cancer risk at low doses: A case study involving carbon tetrachloride
Authors: Eastmond David A. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractIn the new USEPA cancer risk assessment guidelines, mode of action (MoA) information, combined with a determination of whether or not a chemical is mutagenic, plays an important role in determining whether a linear or nonlinear approach should be used to estimate cancer risks at low doses. In this article, carbon tetrachloride (CT) is used as an example to illustrate how mixed genotoxicity data can be evaluated and used to identify a likely MoA. CT is essentially negative in inducing gene mutations in Salmonella, but is consistently positive in inducing recombination and aneuploidy in fungi. Negative or equivocal results were seen in most in vitro and in vivo studies in mammals, including mutation studies in transgenic mice. However, DNA adducts, primarily those derived from oxidation‐ and lipid‐peroxidation‐derived products as well as DNA double‐strand breaks and micronucleated cells, have been seen repeatedly in the liver of CT‐treated animals. On the basis of the weight of evidence, CT should not be considered a directly mutagenic agent. Mutagenic as well as other genotoxic effects, as they occur, will most likely be generated through indirect mechanisms resulting from oxidative and lipid peroxidative damage and/or damage occurring during necrosis or apoptosis. As key events in this process are expected to occur in a nonlinear fashion, the expected relationship between CT dose and carcinogenic response in the liver is likely to be nonlinear with a steep dose response. This conclusion is consistent with rodent cancer bioassay results in which steep nonlinear dose responses have been seen. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Recent developments in frameworks to consider human relevance of hypothesized modes of action for tumours in animals
Authors: Meek M.E. Bette 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThis paper summarizes recent developments in the continuing evolution of Human Relevance Frameworks to systematically consider the weight of evidence of hypothesized modes of action in animals and their potential human relevance for both cancer and non‐cancer effects. These frameworks have been developed in initiatives of the International Life Sciences Institute Risk Sciences Institute and the International Programme on Chemical Safety engaging large numbers of scientists internationally. They are analytical tools designed to organize information in hazard characterization as a basis to clarify the extent of the weight of evidence for mode of action in animals and human relevance and subsequent implications for dose‐response. They are also extremely helpful in identifying critical data gaps. These frameworks which are illustrated by an increasing number of case studies, have been widely adopted into international and national guidance and assessments and continue to evolve, as experience increases in their application. Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 2008. Published 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Performance analysis of a generic system model for uncoded IDMA using serial and parallel interference cancellation
Authors: Nagy Oliver , Reed Mark C. , Shi Zhenning 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThis paper shows how to accurately describe a fully synchronised interleave division multiple access (IDMA) scheme without channel coding by a matrix model. This model allows the derivation of the optimal detector and provides additional insights into the IDMA principle, and we show that the matrices are structured and sparse. We use BER and EXIT charts to study the performance of parallel and serial interference cancellation schemes and demonstrate that the latter converges faster and is independent of the scrambling code. Any bit interleaved DS‐CDMA system can be viewed as a special case of IDMA, and an IDMA receiver can therefore be used to detect DS‐CDMA signals. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Numerical simulation of generic side mirror of a car using large eddy simulation with polyhedral meshes
Authors: Afgan I. , Moulinec C. , Laurence D. 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe flow structure around a generic side mirror of a car is numerically investigated via large eddy simulation (LES) incorporating polyhedral meshes. The aspect ratio defined as height to radius of the cylinder is 3 and the Reynolds number based on cylinder diameter and free stream velocity is 3.2 × 105. The aim of the current paper is not only to show the advantage of the use of polyhedral mesh to model the generic car mirror via LES but also to obtain fluctuating pressure spectra for noise prediction. LES has been an obvious choice for the simulation as it is very suitable for bluff body flows with small effects of boundary layers. It is easier, more flexible and far less time consuming to mesh the current geometry using unstructured mesh rather than a structured conforming mesh. However, central differencing scheme holds better kinetic energy conservation properties on polyhedral cells than on non‐conforming tetrahedral cells. Three different grids were tested with local prismatic layer refinements near solid walls. The flow was found to be fully three dimensional with an upstream laminar separation. The stagnation point was located at zero degrees for both the cylinder and the sphere. Pressure spectra were monitored at particular locations upstream of the body and in its wake. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
High‐order essentially local extremum diminishing schemes for environmental flows
Authors: Tseng Yu‐Heng 
Published: January 2008

AbstractThe accuracy of numerical simulation is greatly affected by the applied convective schemes for high Reynolds number environmental flows. The convection for any scalar equation should theoretically be a purely transport process. Simple monotonic convective schemes produce smooth and stable solutions. However, the results are not reliable and possibly introduce excessive artificial diffusion (AD). We develop a new high‐order monotonic formulation of essentially local extremum diminishing (ELED) schemes, using a simple algorithm to minimize the AD introduced by the convective schemes. The high‐order scheme is based on the Quadratic Upstream Interpolation for Convective Kinematics formula in order to compare the results with Simple High‐Accuracy Resolution Program. The resulting algorithm is applied to a two‐dimensional standing interfacial wave problem and extended to three‐dimensional turbulent coastal upwelling flows using large eddy simulation (LES). These examples allow sharp density interfaces in the domain, which may cause severe dispersion errors when high‐order schemes are used, whereas most monotonic schemes produce significant AD. When a finer grid is used, the AD based on the Jameson, Schmidt and Turkel formula (Int. J. Comput. Fluid Dyn. 1995; 4:171–218) drops dramatically. The new high‐order ELED schemes exhibit comparable accuracy to other high‐order monotonic schemes and introduce less diffusion in the unsteady environmental flow simulations. The current results of LES show that the energy transfer inherent in the monotonic convection schemes may contribute non‐negligibly to the turbulence. It is found that a dynamic‐mixed model is able to compensate the effect of the convection schemes and provides correct flow behaviors in reality. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Stabilized formulations for incompressible flows with thermal coupling
Authors: Tezduyar Tayfun E. , Ramakrishnan Srinivas , Sathe Sunil 
Published: January 2008

AbstractWe present applications of the stabilized finite element formulations developed for incompressible flows with thermal coupling to 2D and 3D test problems. The stabilized formulations are based on the streamline‐upwind/Petrov–Galerkin and pressure‐stabilizing/Petrov–Galerkin stabilizations and are supplemented with discontinuity capturing (DC), including the discontinuity‐capturing directional dissipation. The stabilization and DC parameters associated with these formulations are also presented. The coupled fluid mechanics and temperature equations are solved with a direct coupling technique. The test problems computed include 2D and 3D natural convection, as well as a simplified 3D model of air circulation in a small data center. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Rupture of radiation‐induced internal carotid artery pseudoaneurysm in a patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma—Spontaneous occlusion of carotid artery due to long‐term embolizing performance
Authors: Cheng Kai‐Yuan , Lee Ka‐Wo , Chiang Feng‐Yu , Ho Kuen‐Yao , Kuo Wen‐Rei 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBackgroundRupture of internal carotid artery (ICA) pseudoaneurysm is a lethal complication in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Angiography is the best diagnostic and treatment method. The aim of embolization is to block the pseudoaneurysm; but sometimes, total occlusion of great vessels is ineludible. We describe a case of NPC post‐radiation therapy and with ruptured pseudoaneurysm treated by angio‐embolization.MethodsThe patient had received embolization with numerous tools such as stent grafts, balloons, and bare stents with or without filter protection.ResultsAfter failing to pass through the narrow lumen by embolizing tools, the right ICA finally occluded spontaneously by self‐thrombosis.ConclusionAlthough the angio‐embolization is a good method to resolve the problems of ruptured pseudoaneurysm, there is still high mortality and morbidity. Being aware of the clinical presentations and the changes of images may alert us to predict the happening earlier. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy–specific and overall treatment outcomes in patients with cutaneous angiosarcoma of the face with periorbital involvement
Authors: DeMartelaere Sheri L. , Roberts Dianna , Burgess Michael A. , Morrison William H. , Pisters Peter W. T. , Sturgis Erich M. , Ho Viet , Esmaeli Bita 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBackgroundRecent isolated case reports have suggested a potential role for neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with angiosarcoma. The goal of this report was to investigate the overall treatment outcomes and the neoadjuvant chemotherapy–specific outcomes in patients with cutaneous angiosarcoma of the face with periorbital involvement.MethodsOur tumor database was searched for patients with angiosarcoma and periorbital involvement seen at our institution between 1981 and 2005.ResultsTwenty‐one patients were identified,15 of whom had neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 6 of whom had a traditional approach of surgery followed by adjuvant therapy.Fourteen of 15 patients who had neoadjuvant chemotherapy had complete clinical response. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy made definitive surgery unnecessary for 9 patients. The median disease‐free interval for the neoadjuvant chemotherapy group was 11.8 months (mean, 38.1 months; range, 2.4–239.6 months). Nine of the 15 patients had recurrences. The time from end of treatment to recurrence ranged from 2.6 to 24.5 months (median, 12.7 months).Five of the 6 patients who had primary surgical resection followed by adjuvant radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy had a complete clinical response, and the median disease‐free interval was 31.8 months (mean, 35.9 months; range, 2.7–85 months). Two later developed recurrences, one at 2.7 months and the other at 31.8 months after the end of treatment.ConclusionOn the basis of this series, the authors conclude that neoadjuvant chemotherapy for periorbital angiosarcoma is a potentially attractive option and in some patients may obviate the need for major surgery, thereby preserving the eye and/or ocular adnexal structures. Given the propensity for recurrence and poor survival, the authors strongly recommend that these patients receive multidisciplinary evaluation and treatment at a major cancer center. Published 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008
Association of tumor satellite distance with prognosis and contralateral neck recurrence of tongue squamous cell carcinoma
Authors: Yang Tsung‐Lin , Wang Cheng‐Ping , Ko Jenq‐Yuh , Lin Chih‐Feng , Lou Pei‐Jen 
Published: January 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe margin status is an important prognosticator for the survival of patients with tongue cancer. Although a positive margin is associated with a poor prognosis, those with clear margins do not always have good clinical outcomes.MethodsWe investigated the margin status, pattern of tumor invasion (POI), and tumor satellite distance (TSD) in 119 freshly treated tongue cancers and assessed their association with the characteristics and clinical outcomes.ResultsA close or clear margin and POI were not associated with overall survival. Tumor satellites occurred in 92% of tumors and were significantly associated with betel nut exposure. Patients with TSD ≤0.5 mm had significantly better overall survival. Patients with TSD >0.5 mm had a higher incidence of local recurrence, shorter intervals to neck recurrence, and a higher propensity to contralateral or bilateral cervical nodal metastasis.ConclusionTSD is associated with local recurrence, contralateral neck metastasis, and the overall survival of patients with tongue cancer. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2008