bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Natural Products as Novel Anti-obesity Agents: Mechanisms Based on Adipose Tissue
Authors: Cao Lei , Wu Chunwei , Liu Miao , Zhang Wenlong , Chen Hailong , Wang Ruolin , He Ze 
Published: February 2024

Abstract:
Obesity presently stands as a formidable global public health concern, exerting a profound
impact on human life and well-being. Despite the plethora of pharmacological interventions
targeting obesity, their extensive use in clinical settings is hindered by the emergence of
numerous adverse reactions during drug interventions. Naturally occurring compounds or extracts
found in traditional Chinese medicine, fruits, and vegetables, possessing various attributes,
such as metabolic modulation, thermogenic induction, appetite alteration, and inhibition of lipase
activity and fat synthesis, have positioned themselves as potential anti-obesity pharmaceutical
candidates. Promoting thermogenesis through the browning of adipose tissue, reducing fat tissue
generation and ectopic deposition, along with the regulation of adipose factors, has emerged as a
primary focus in the treatment of obesity. This shift underscores the pivotal role of adipose tissue
as a critical target in obesity management. This study delves into various approaches based on
adipose tissue, providing an overview of the efficacy of bioactive components derived from medicinal
plants and fruits for treating obesity through adipose tissue modulation. Insights are
drawn from both animal experiments and clinical applications, with a discussion of potential
mechanisms underlying these effects. In conclusion, we have determined that natural compounds
are significant candidates for the treatment of obesity, and adipose tissue represents a crucial target
in the therapeutic process. We hope that our research will contribute novel perspectives for
the development of future pharmaceuticals and dietary supplements, as well as provide innovative
directions for clinical trials in the field.
Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI Image Characteristics and Radiomics
Characteristics Combined with Machine Learning for Assessment of Functional
Liver Reserve
Authors: Zhu Xin-Yu , Zhang Yu-Rou , Guo Li 
Published: February 2024

Objective:
To investigate the feasibility of image characteristics and radiomics combined with machine learning based on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI for
functional liver reserve assessment in cirrhotic patients.

Materials and Methods:
123 patients with cirrhosis were retrospectively analyzed; all our patients underwent pre-contrast MRI, triphasic (arterial phase, venous phase,
equilibrium phase) Gd-EOB-DTPA dynamic enhancement and hepatobiliary phase (20 minutes delayed). The relative enhancement (RE) of the
patient's liver, the liver-spleen signal ratio in the hepatobiliary phase (SI liver/ spleen), the liver-vertical muscle signal ratio in the hepatobiliary
phase (SI liver/ muscle), the bile duct signal intensity contrast ratio (SIR), and the radiomics features were evaluated. The support vector machine
(SVM) was used as the core of machine learning to construct the liver function classification model using image and radiomics characteristics,
respectively.

Results:
The area under the curve was the largest in SIR to identify Child-Pugh group A versus Child-Pugh group B+C in the image characteristics, AUC =
0.740, and Perc. 10% to identify Child-Pugh group A versus Child-Pugh group B+C in the radiomics characteristics, AUC = 0.9337. The efficacy
of the SVM model constructed using radiomics characteristics was better, with an area under the curve of 0.918, a sensitivity of 95.45%, a
specificity of 80.00%, and an accuracy of 89.19%.

Conclusion:
The image and radiomics characteristics based on Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI can reflect liver function, and the model constructed based on
radiomics characteristics combined with machine learning methods can better assess functional liver reserve.
Effect of Breath Training on Image Quality of Chest Magnetic Resonance Freebreathing
Sequence
Authors: Jiang Yehai , Pu Doudou , Dang Shan , Yu Nan 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) plays a role in demonstrating substantial utility in lung lesion imaging, detection, diagnosis, and evaluation.
Previous studies have found that free-breathing star VIBE sequences not only have high image quality but also have a high ability to detect and
display nodules. However, in our routine clinical practice, we have encountered suboptimal image quality in the free-breathing sequences of certain
patients.

Objective:
This study aims to assess the impact of breath training on the quality of chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) obtained during free-breathing
sequences.

Methods:
A total of 68 patients with lung lesions, such as nodules or masses detected via CT examination, were prospectively gathered. They were then
randomly divided into two groups: an observation group and a control group. Standard preparation was performed for all patients in both groups
before the examination. The observation group underwent 30 minutes of breath training prior to the MRI examination additionally, followed by the
acquisition of MRI free-breathing sequence images. The signal intensity (SI) and standard deviation (SD) of the lesion and adjacent normal lung
tissue were measured, and the image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast signal-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the lesion were calculated for
objective image quality evaluation. The subjective image quality of the two groups of images was also evaluated using a 5-point method.

Results:
MRI examinations were completed in both groups. Significantly better subjective image quality (edge and internal structure clarity, vascular
clarity, breathing and cardiac artifacts, and overall image quality) was achieved in the observation group compared to the control group (P<0.05).
In addition, higher SNR and CNR values for disease lesions were observed in the observation group compared to the control group (t=4.35,
P<0.05; t=5.35, P<0.05).

Conclusion:
It is concluded that the image quality of free-breathing sequences MRI can be improved through breath training before examination.
Extraction Optimization, Structure Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of
Polysaccharide from Sanghuangporus baumii
Authors: Qu Yunhe , Zhang Pingping , Cui Jing , Ni Xiuzhen , Song Kai , Shi Dongfang 
Published: February 2024

Introduction:
In this study, we optimized the extraction process, analyzed the structure
and assessed the antioxidant activity of Sanghuangporus baumii polysaccharide (SBP). The present
results provide important information for the Sanghuangporus baumii polysaccharides in potential
natural antioxidant effects.

Background:
The extraction and structural analysis of polysaccharides from Sanghuangporus has
gained significant attention in the fields of chemistry, medicine, and life sciences. There is great
significance in maximizing the extraction of polysaccharides from Sanghuangporus and developing
their potential products in a scientific and rational manner.

Objective:
The study was designed to establish an efficient and practical extraction process for SBP,
and then investigated the structure and the antioxidant activity.

Methods:
The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on Box-Behnken design was used to
explore the ultrasound-assisted extraction of SBP, and the structure of SBP was studied by ultraviolet
spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and other instrumental analysis methods. The total antioxidant
capacity of SBP was studied by the Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP) method, and the
scavenging capacity of ABTS+·, DPPH· and OH· was carried out as the index to investigate its antioxidant
activity in vitro.

Results:
The statistical analysis results showed that the optimal conditions for extracting SBP were
an ultrasound time of 20.74 min, ultrasound power of 268.40 W and material-liquid ratio of 1:25.71.
Under optimal conditions, the experimental yield of SBP was 3.36 ± 0.01%. The RSM optimization
process was applied to the experiment of complex enzyme extraction of SBP, and the yield increased
to 4.72 ± 0.03%. Structural analysis showed that SBP mainly consisted of glucose, a small amount of
mannose and galactose, and the molecular weight distribution was uneven, mainly concentrating in
the three parts of 24.5,6.4,2.5 kDa. Moreover, SBP exhibited dose-dependent and strong reducing
power and radical scavenging activity. For DPPH·, ABTS+· and OH· radical scavenging assays, IC50
values were 1.505 ± 0.050 mg/ml, 0.065 ± 0.036 mg/ml and 0.442 ± 0.007 mg/ml, respectively.

Conclusion:
In the present study, a β-linked heteroglucan (SBP) was extracted using the optimized
process combining enzymes from the fruiting bodies of Sanghuangporus baumii. SBP exhibited
effective and dose-dependent antioxidant activities. Our findings were of great value in terms of
developing polysaccharides with potential natural antioxidants.
Pengaruh Cahaya Terhadap Proses Fotosintesis pada Tanaman Naungan Dan Tanaman Terpapar Cahaya Langsung
Authors: Maftukhah Maftukhah , Turrohmah Ulfa Ulf , Sholikhah Nurul Izzatush , Fawaida Ul Ulya 
Published: February 2024

Fotosintesis adalah proses memasak makanan bagi daun untuk memperoleh energi.dalam proses fotosintesis berlaku pada daun yang memiliki zat hijau daun. Sejauh ini kita mengetahui bahwa proses fotosintesis membutuhkan cahaya. Namun dengan seiring perkembangan waktu pemahaman tersebut diperdalam oleh para pengajar dan menekankan pada siswa bahwa fotosintesis tidak hanya berlangsung dengan naungan cahaya melainkan juga bisa tanpa cahaya. Prses fotosintesis terjadi melalui dua tahap yaitu reaksi terang dan reaksi gelap. Dengan proses fotosintesis tumbuhan dapat melangsungkan kehidupannya. Penelitian literatur bertujuan memberikan kepahaman pada siswa yang lebih mendetail dengan bantuan visual agar siswa mampu memahami lebih dalam materi fotosintesis. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi literatur dengan acuan beberapa jurnal yang telah didapatkan.Kata kunci: Fotosintesis, reaksi terang, reaksi gelap
Students’ mathematical critical thinking through the conceptual change approach
Authors: Maghfiroh Fitria , Dasari Dadan 
Published: February 2024

Critical thinking ability is one of the higher order thinking skills. Students who have high critical thinking skills are expected to have the ability to analyze problems properly and precisely. The purpose of the present study was to find out the differences in students' mathematical critical thinking skills who received learning using the conceptual change approach and those who received conventional learning, namely the scientific approach. This study was conducted at a junior high school in South Tangerang City, Banten Province. The research method used was a quasi-experimental research design with a post test only control design. The research sample consisted of 70 students consisting of 37 students in the experiment group and 33 students in the control group selected by a cluster random sampling technique. Results indicate that students' mathematical critical thinking skills who learned with the conceptual change approach are higher than those of students who learned by the scientific approach. The critical thinking skills of students who received learning by the conceptual change approach were 72.64%, on the indicator of analyzing arguments, 67.23%, on the indicator of making conclusions, 84.46%, on evaluating, and 61.85% on solving problems
KEMUNCULAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN MUSIK POP MINANGKABAU TAHUN 1950-1990-AN
Authors: Annisa Annisa , Pratama Fikri Surya 
Published: February 2024

Abstrak Memasuki perkembangan teknologi, kesenian tradisional Minangkabau mulai menjarahi alat-alat modern dalam mengembangkan kesenian daerah, salah satunya lahirnya Musik Pop Minangkabau, dimana unsur budaya musik Barat akan membaur dengan unsur musik tradisional Minangkabau. Artikel jurnal ini akan membahas sejarah muncul dan berkembangnya Musik Pop Minangkabau pada masa Orde Baru di Indonesia. Jenis penelitian ini adalah kualitatif, dimana metode yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian sejarah, dengan langkah-langkahnya: 1) heuristik, teknik pengumpulan data berupa studi pustaka terhadap tulisan yang membahas musik pop minangkabau, serta observasi menuju toko kaset klasik Musik Pop Minangkabau dan rumah komposer Musik Pop Minangkabau seperti Syahrul Tarun Yusuf; 2) kritik sumber data, baik secara ekstern dan intern; 3) analisa terhadap sumber data; 4) historiografi atau penulisan hasil penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan budaya Minang mulai memiliki kelonggaran, seperti dalam bidang musik. Perubahan ini terjadi karena adanya perubahan pola fikir yang menuju modern dengan mengkombinasikan pengaruh budaya Barat pada musik dan filosofi-filosofi Minangkabau. Namun perubahan ini tidak meninggalkan filosofi Minangkabau secara seutuhnya. Era 1950-an dianggap sebagai era kelahiran Musik Pop Minangkabau. Pada era tahun 1970 perkembangan musik pop Minangkabau terus menjamur dengan lahirrnya bintang-bintang penyanyi dan komposer musik pop Minang. Meski sempat mengalami kevakuman pada era 1980-an, era 1990-an kembali menjadi titik bangkit industri Musik Pop Minangkabau dengan adanya perubahan pada komposisi lagu serta instrumentasi yang mulai menggunakan alat instrumen musik digital atau Musical Instrument Digital Interface (MIDI).Kata kunci: Minangkabau, Musik, Perkembangan, Pop, Sejarah.
DAMPAK SOSIAL-EKONOMI PERKEMBANGAN INDUSTRI PERKEBUNAN DI SUMATERA TIMUR PADA TAHUN 1863-1930
Authors: Supriyadi Pasa Hobi Dermawan 
Published: February 2024

AbstrakPada tahun 1863-1930 Sumatera Timur mengalami perkembangan industri perkebunan secara pesat, sehingga mendapat perhatian utama oleh pemerintahan Hindia Belanda. Topik yang dibahas dalam penelitian ini adalah dampak sosial-ekonomi yang disebabkan oleh perkembangan tersebut. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini memuat beberapa rumusan masalah mengenai hal-hal yang berkaitan, antara lain: membahas perkembangan perkebunan di tahun 1863-1930, pembangunan infrastruktur logistik, dan migrasi etnis. Penjabaran rumusan masalah tersebut dilakukan menggunakan metode sejarah yang diantaranya, yaitu menentukan topik penelitian, heuristic (pengumpulan sumber), kritik sumber (kritik intern dan kritik ekstern), interpretasi, dan historiografi. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua jenis sumber, antara lain: sumber primer dan sumber sekunder. Sumber pirmer yang digunakan berupa surat kabar sejaman salah satunya adalah Deli Courant. Sumber sekunder yang digunakan adalah buku-buku dan artikel ilmiah yang berkaitan dengan topik penelitian. Dari penelitian ini, kesimpulan yang didapat, diantaranya beberapa perusahaan swasta memiliki pengaruh terhadap masifnya perkembangan industri perkebunan khususnya tembakau di Sumatera Timur, dampak ekonomi yang terjadi ditandai dengan pembangunan infrastruktur khususnya infrastrukutur logistik, dan migrasi etnis yang terjadi akibat kebutuhan tenaga kerja yang begitu besar. Dengan demikian, secara garis besar dampak yang dihadirkan dari perkembangan industri perkebunan di Sumatera Timur tahun 1863-1930 lebih mengarah ke sisi positif daripada sisi negatif. Kata kunci: Industri Perkebunan, Migrasi Etnis, Infrastruktur Logistik
Smartwatch-Based Interventions for People With Dementia: User-Centered Design Approach
Authors: Goerss Doreen , Köhler Stefanie , Rong Eleonora , Temp Anna Gesine , Kilimann Ingo , Bieber Gerald , Teipel Stefan 
Published: February 2024

Background
Assistive technologies can help people living with dementia maintain their everyday activities. Nevertheless, there is a gap between the potential and use of these materials. Involving future users may help close this gap, but the impact on people with dementia is unclear.

Objective
We aimed to determine if user-centered development of smartwatch-based interventions together with people with dementia is feasible. In addition, we evaluated the extent to which user feedback is plausible and therefore helpful for technological improvements.

Methods
We examined the interactions between smartwatches and people with dementia or people with mild cognitive impairment. All participants were prompted to complete 2 tasks (drinking water and a specific cognitive task). Prompts were triggered using a smartphone as a remote control and were repeated up to 3 times if participants failed to complete a task. Overall, 50% (20/40) of the participants received regular prompts, and 50% (20/40) received intensive audiovisual prompts to perform everyday tasks. Participants’ reactions were observed remotely via cameras. User feedback was captured via questionnaires, which included topics like usability, design, usefulness, and concerns. The internal consistency of the subscales was calculated. Plausibility was also checked using qualitative approaches.

Results
Participants noted their preferences for particular functions and improvements. Patients struggled with rating using the Likert scale; therefore, we assisted them with completing the questionnaire. Usability (mean 78 out of 100, SD 15.22) and usefulness (mean 9 out of 12) were rated high. The smartwatch design was appealing to most participants (31/40, 76%). Only a few participants (6/40, 15%) were concerned about using the watch. Better usability was associated with better cognition. The observed success and self-rated task comprehension were in agreement for most participants (32/40, 80%). In different qualitative analyses, participants’ responses were, in most cases, plausible. Only 8% (3/40) of the participants were completely unaware of their irregular task performance.

Conclusions
People with dementia can have positive experiences with smartwatches. Most people with dementia provided valuable information. Developing assistive technologies together with people with dementia can help to prioritize the future development of functional and nonfunctional features.
Penerapan Asas Itikad Baik dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Perdata
Authors: Alysia Hapsari Leilani , Setiyawan Anang 
Published: February 2024

This article discusses the application of the principle of good faith in the settlement of civil disputes. It emphasizes the distinction between law and justice, highlighting the necessity of positive law to regulate legal relationships and prevent self-help remedies. The principle of good faith is crucial in the formation of agreements to prevent conflicts and disputes. Civil disputes, involving conflicting parties, are to be resolved through accountability and responsibility, which are integral components of agreements. The principle of good faith is also fundamental in international law and plays a significant role in shaping and executing the obligations of parties in cooperation agreements. Mediation is identified as a crucial aspect of dispute resolution, both outside and within the judicial process, with the aim of achieving amicable settlements. The mediation process consists of three stages: pre-mediation, mediation implementation, and final implementation. The article underscores the importance of good faith in all stages of dispute resolution, whether in preparation, negotiation, or agreement execution, and emphasizes the significance of parties' commitment and presence in mediation as indicators of good faith.
Keywords: Good Faith, Civil Dispute Resolution, Treaty Law, Contract Law, Mediation, Litigation, Non-Litigation, Settlement, Court-Connected Mediation

Abstrak
Artikel ini membahas penerapan asas itikad baik dalam penyelesaian sengketa perdata. Artikel ini menekankan perbedaan antara hukum dan keadilan, menyoroti perlunya hukum positif untuk mengatur hubungan hukum dan mencegah upaya penyelesaian sendiri. Asas itikad baik sangat penting dalam pembentukan perjanjian untuk mencegah konflik dan sengketa. Sengketa perdata, yang melibatkan pihak-pihak yang saling bertentangan, harus diselesaikan melalui akuntabilitas dan tanggung jawab, yang merupakan komponen integral dari perjanjian. Asas itikad baik juga merupakan hal yang fundamental dalam hukum internasional dan memainkan peran penting dalam membentuk dan melaksanakan kewajiban para pihak dalam perjanjian kerja sama. Mediasi diidentifikasi sebagai aspek penting dalam penyelesaian sengketa, baik di luar maupun di dalam proses peradilan, dengan tujuan untuk mencapai penyelesaian secara damai. Proses mediasi terdiri dari tiga tahap: pra-mediasi, pelaksanaan mediasi, dan pelaksanaan akhir. Artikel ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya itikad baik dalam semua tahap penyelesaian sengketa, baik dalam persiapan, negosiasi, maupun pelaksanaan kesepakatan, dan menekankan pentingnya komitmen dan kehadiran para pihak didalam mediasi sebagai indikator itikad baik.
Kata Kunci: Itikad Baik, Penyelesaian Sengketa Perdata, Hukum Perjanjian, Hukum Kontrak, Mediasi, Litigasi, Non-Litigasi, Perdamaian, Court-Connected Mediation
Friction and wear behavior of a mechanical oscillating strip system used for interproximal enamel reduction: a quantitative and qualitative scanning electronic microscope evaluation
Authors: Gazzani Francesca , Bellisario Denise , Fazi Laura , Balboni Alessia , Licoccia Silvia , Pavoni Chiara , Cozza Paola , Lione Roberta 
Published: February 2024

ABSTRACT

Objectives
To evaluate wear and friction properties of oscillating strips in order to validate the importance of a standardized interproximal enamel reduction (IPR) sequence to preserve their efficiency and lifetime.

Materials and Methods
Fifteen complete oscillating IPR sequences were tested by means of tribological tests (Linear Reciprocating Tribometer, C.S.M. Instruments, Peseaux, Switzerland). Fifteen single 0.2-mm metallic strips underwent a long continuous cycle of 240 minutes. Strip surface roughness and waviness measurements were assessed by means of a contact probe surface profiler (TalySurf CLI 2000; Taylor Hobson, Leicester, UK) and TayMap software. Statistical analysis was performed with independent-samples t-test. Significance was at the P &lt; .05 level. Scanning electronic microscopy analysis of strip surfaces was conducted with an FEI Quanta 200 (Hillsboro, Ore) in high vacuum at 30.00 kV.

Results
Resin strips revealed a significant reduction in surface roughness (Ra, Rt, RDq) and a significant increase in waviness parameters (Wa, Wt). Rt and RDq values significantly decreased upon use of the metallic strips. Significantly higher values of Wa (+ 2.84 µm) and Wt (+0.1 µm) were observed only for the 0.2-mm metallic strips. Higher friction values were observed when the metallic strips were tested singularly rather than within the entire sequence. Lower Ra and Rt values were revealed when 0.2-mm metallic strips were tested up to 240 minutes.

Conclusions
The application of a standardized oscillating sequence allows for more efficient wear performance of the strips with a significant impact on their abrasive power and lifetime.
Dynamic Data Enhancing Battery Efficiency Through Collection Scheduling in IQRF Wireless Sensor Networks
Authors: Sebestyen Gergely , Kopjak József 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this study, we explore innovative strategies for enhancing energy efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), with a focus on the IQRF network. Our approach integrates dynamic sleep scheduling and data collection methods to optimize battery usage and extend the network’s operational lifespan. We introduce a battery life estimation model, taking into account various factors such as data collection frequency and network size. This model is instrumental in predicting battery longevity under different operational scenarios. Additionally, we develop a practical tool in the form of an API and an online calculator, aimed at assisting network designers in planning and maintaining energy-efficient WSNs. Our results, derived from a case study involving a CO2 sensor network, demonstrate the effectiveness of our methodologies in real-world applications. The study concludes that implementing dynamic data collection and sleep scheduling significantly enhances battery life, offering a valuable contribution to the sustainability and reliability of WSNs.