bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Neural and behavioural correlates of adolescents changing academic self‐concept
Authors: Rodriguez Buritica Julia , Berboth Stella , Hoferichter Frances , Raufelder Diana 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundMid‐adolescence is an important phase of self‐development in various domains including academics as well as for changes in the neural mechanisms underlying the self‐concept. Students' academic self‐concept (ASC) is affected by educational achievements and social others (such as teachers and peers). To what extent these external influences relate to neural dynamics during adolescents' self‐ and other‐evaluations (i.e. of friends and teachers) which affect ASC over time is currently unclear.AimsThe current study aimed to address the question of to what extent the developing ASC is influenced by developmental changes in self‐ and other‐evaluations (friends, teachers) and their underlying neural mechanisms as well as academic achievement.MethodsIn this interdisciplinary longitudinal fMRI study, forty‐seven 13‐year‐olds (at T1) were instructed to indicate whether positive and negative trait adjectives described themselves (self‐evaluations), their teachers, or peers (other‐evaluations) at two time points. We investigated how adolescents' academic self‐concept is influenced by changes in their academic achievement and self‐ and other‐evaluations (teachers and peers) 1.5‐years later.ResultsBehaviourally, both, academic achievement and positive teacher evaluations were important to prevent the observed decline in ASC during mid‐adolescence. Our fMRI results showed that cortical midline structures were linked to self‐evaluation, whereas the precuneus and occipital regions were related to friends‐ and teacher‐evaluation. Here, ASC was predicted by activity changes in the precuneus during friends‐evaluations for students with better academic achievement.ConclusionOur findings indicate that academic achievement and positive teacher‐evaluations could prevent the decline in ASC observed in mid‐adolescents and that the neural correlates of evaluating close others within the precuneus present an important link to ASC. The current study highlights the importance of educational neuroscience studies to understand the changing ASC during adolescence.
Fallen trees as “natural bridges” for the movement of mammals crossing rivers
Authors: Breviglieri Crasso Paulo Bosco , da Silva Fernando Rodrigues 
Published: February 2024

AbstractUsing remote‐sensing camera traps, we assessed if large fallen trees serve as natural bridges facilitating the movement of mammals between river banks. We recorded 12 species of mammals using fallen trees to cross rivers. Additionally, the use of fallen trees was more pronounced during the rainy than the dry season.Abstract in Portuguese is available with online material.
Lateral bone augmentation with a composite graft covered with a stretched and pinned collagen membrane: A retrospective case series using cone‐beam computed tomography
Authors: Dewilde Florence , Hindryckx Matthijs , Younes Faris , De Bruyckere Thomas , Cosyn Jan 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAims(1) To assess the effectiveness of the Sausage Technique™ when applied for lateral bone augmentation by multiple experienced clinicians; (2) To identify risk indicators for a poor outcome and to assess the need for adjunctive surgery.Materials and MethodsAll patients who had been treated with the Sausage Technique™ for lateral bone augmentation by three experienced surgeons between January 2019 and December 2021 were included in a retrospective case series. The Sausage Technique™ technique includes the use of autogenous bone chips and deproteinized bovine bone mineral (1:1 ratio), covered with a stretched and pinned collagen membrane. The increase in alveolar width between the pre‐operative situation and 9 months was assessed at different levels on superimposed cone‐beam CT scans.ResultsTwenty‐five augmentations performed in 25 patients (17 males, 8 females, mean age 51 years) were available for evaluation. Mean alveolar width increased from 4.35 to 7.43 mm at 3 mm below the crest. The mean increase of 3.08 mm (95% CI 2.10–4.06; p < 0.001) was significant. The outcome of non‐containing single implant sites was significantly worse than the outcome of other sites (MD 2.67 mm; p = 0.008). The need for regrafting was 4% and the need for soft tissue augmentation was 48%. Twenty percent of the patients needed soft tissue augmentation due to a lack of keratinized mucosa width, and 32% due to a lack of buccal convexity. The former was mainly needed at multiple implant sites, whereas the latter was mainly required at single implant sites. All implant survived and remained healthy until the final follow‐up.ConclusionThe Sausage Technique™ is an effective bone augmentation technique. Non‐containing single implant sites were associated with a poor outcome and adjunctive soft tissue augmentation was needed in about half of the patients.
The Icing on the Cake. Or Is it Frosting? The Influence of Group Membership on Children's Lexical Choices
Authors: St. Pierre Thomas , Jaffan Jida , Chambers Craig G. , Johnson Elizabeth K. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAdults are skilled at using language to construct/negotiate identity and to signal affiliation with others, but little is known about how these abilities develop in children. Clearly, children mirror statistical patterns in their local environment (e.g., Canadian children using zed instead of zee), but do they flexibly adapt their linguistic choices on the fly in response to the choices of different peers? To address this question, we examined the effect of group membership on 7‐ to 9‐year‐olds' labeling of objects in a trivia game, exploring whether they were more likely to use a particular label (e.g., sofa vs. couch) if members of their “team” also used that label. In a preregistered study, children (N = 72) were assigned to a team (red or green) and were asked during experimental trials to answer questions—which had multiple possible answers (e.g., blackboard or chalkboard)—after hearing two teammates and two opponents respond to the same question. Results showed that children were significantly more likely to produce labels less commonly used by the community (i.e., dispreferred labels) when their teammates had produced those labels. Crucially, this effect was tied to group membership, and could not be explained by children simply repeating the most recently used label. These findings demonstrate how social processes (i.e., group membership) can guide linguistic variation in children.
Does metformin reduce the risk of cancer in obesity and diabetes? A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Mesquita Leonardo A. , Spiazzi Bernardo F. , Piccoli Giovana F. , Nogara Daniela A. , da Natividade Gabriella R. , Garbin Henrique I. , Wayerbacher Laura F. , Wiercinski Vanessa M. , Baggio Viviane A. , Zingano Carolina P. , Schwartsmann Gilberto , Lopes Gilberto , Petrie John R. , Colpani Verônica , Gerchman Fernando 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimTo evaluate the effect of metformin on cancer incidence in subjects with overweight/obesity and/or prediabetes/diabetes.Materials and MethodsWe searched MEDLINE, Embase and CENTRAL for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in adults with overweight/obesity and/or prediabetes/diabetes that compared metformin to other interventions for ≥24 weeks. Independent reviewers selected and extracted data including population and intervention characteristics and new diagnoses of cancer. We used the RoB 2.0 risk‐of‐bias tool and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) framework to assess risk of bias and certainty of evidence.ResultsFrom 14 895 records after removal of duplicates, 27 trials were included, providing a total of 10 717 subjects in the metformin group and 10 003 in the control group, with 170 and 208 new cases of cancer, respectively. Using a random‐effects model, the relative risk was 1.07 (95% confidence interval 0.87–1.31), with similar results in subgroup analyses by study duration or effect of control intervention on weight. Risk of bias in most studies was low, and no evidence of publication bias was found. Trial sequential analysis provided evidence that the cumulative sample size was large enough to exclude a significant effect of metformin on cancer incidence.ConclusionsMetformin did not reduce cancer incidence in RCTs involving subjects with overweight/obesity and/or prediabetes/diabetes.
Uncovering the architecture of selection in two Bos taurus cattle breeds
Authors: Rowan Troy N. , Schnabel Robert D. , Decker Jared E. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDirectional selection alters the genome via hard sweeps, soft sweeps, and polygenic selection. However, mapping polygenic selection is difficult because it does not leave clear signatures on the genome like a selective sweep. In populations with temporally stratified genotypes, the Generation Proxy Selection Mapping (GPSM) method identifies variants associated with generation number (or appropriate proxy) and thus variants undergoing directional allele frequency changes. Here, we use GPSM on two large datasets of beef cattle to detect associations between an animal's generation and 11 million imputed SNPs. Using these datasets with high power and dense mapping resolution, GPSM detected a total of 294 unique loci actively under selection in two cattle breeds. We observed that GPSM has a high power to detect selection in the very recent past (<10 years), even when allele frequency changes are small. Variants identified by GPSM reside in genomic regions associated with known breed‐specific selection objectives, such as fertility and maternal ability in Red Angus, and carcass merit and coat color in Simmental. Over 60% of the selected loci reside in or near (<50 kb) annotated genes. Using haplotype‐based and composite selective sweep statistics, we identify hundreds of putative selective sweeps that likely occurred earlier in the evolution of these breeds; however, these sweeps have little overlap with recent polygenic selection. This makes GPSM a complementary approach to sweep detection methods when temporal genotype data are available. The selected loci that we identify across methods demonstrate the complex architecture of selection in domesticated cattle.
Advancements in non‐invasive skin sampling: Clinical conditions characterization via the assessment of skin surface cytokine biomarkers
Authors: Portugal‐Cohen Meital , Oron Miriam , Cohen Dror , Ma’or Ze’evi , Soroka Yoram , Frusic‐Zlotkin Marina , Kohen Ron 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe skin is increasingly recognized as a biological active organ interacting with the immune system. Given that the epidermal skin layer actively releases various cytokines, non‐invasive skin sampling methods could detect these cytokines, offering insights into clinical conditions. This study aims non‐invasively measuring cytokine levels directly from the skin surface to characterize different inflammatory chronic disorders in the adult and elderly population: psoriasis, diabetes type 2, rosacea, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and aging. Cytokines IL‐1β, IL‐8 and IL‐10 were sampled from healthy subjects and patients aged 18–80 using skin surface wash technique. A well with sterile phosphate‐buffered saline solution was placed on the skin for 30 min, and the extracted solution was collected from the well for further cytokine levels analysis using ELISA assay. Results show distinct cytokine profiles in different pathological processes, healthy controls, affected and unaffected areas. Aging was associated with increased IL‐1β, IL‐8, and IL‐10 levels in skin. In diabetes, IL‐1β and IL‐8 levels were elevated in lesional areas, while IL‐10 levels were decreased in non‐lesional skin. Psoriatic lesions showed elevated levels of IL‐1β and IL‐8. Rosacea patients had lower IL‐10 levels in both lesional and non‐lesional areas. CKD patients exhibited significantly lower IL‐10 levels compared to healthy individuals. In conclusion, skin surface wash‐derived cytokine profiles could serve as “alert biomarkers” for disease prediction, enabling early detection. Additionally, this method's cost‐effectiveness allows pre‐screening of molecules in clinical studies and holds potential as a tool for biomarkers and omics analysis, enhancing disorder characterization and disease management.
Many distressed couples seek community‐based relationship education but don't benefit from it
Authors: Urganci Betul , Chen Po‐Heng , Williamson Hannah C. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe objective of this research was to characterize pretreatment relationship functioning among low‐income couples seeking community‐based relationship education (RE) and determine whether treatment outcomes differ based on this dimension.BackgroundRE programs were developed with the goal of preventing future deterioration among currently satisfied couples, but there is evidence to suggest that distressed couples are seeking community‐based RE to improve their relationship.MethodData were drawn from the Parents and Children Together study, a randomized controlled trial of RE with a sample of 1,595 low‐income couples. Relationship functioning was assessed pre‐randomization and at 12‐months post‐randomization. Latent class analysis was used to identify groups of couples with similar pretreatment functioning, and treatment effects were assessed within each group.ResultsFour classes of pretreatment relationship functioning emerged: Happy, Stable (44%), Moderately Distressed (39%), Highly Distressed Women (10%), and Highly Distressed Men (7%). Significant 12‐month treatment effects were found only for women in the Happy, Stable group.ConclusionA large number of distressed couples enroll in RE programs but do not benefit from the intervention.ImplicationsTo ensure that all couples receive an intervention that is effective for them, changes to the current delivery of community‐based RE programs is needed. Couples should be screened for their level of relationship functioning and assigned to an intervention that is appropriate for their needs. To accomplish this, RE curricula may need to be adapted to address the needs of distressed couples, or RE providers may need to partner with agencies delivering more intensive treatment (such as couple therapy).
Revisiting catalytic His and Glu residues in coproporphyrin ferrochelatase – unexpected activities of active site variants
Authors: Gabler Thomas , Dali Andrea , Bellei Marzia , Sebastiani Federico , Becucci Maurizio , Battistuzzi Gianantonio , Furtmüller Paul Georg , Smulevich Giulietta , Hofbauer Stefan 
Published: February 2024

The identification of the coproporphyrin‐dependent heme biosynthetic pathway, which is used almost exclusively by monoderm bacteria in 2015 by Dailey et al. triggered studies aimed at investigating the enzymes involved in this pathway that were originally assigned to the protoporphyrin‐dependent heme biosynthetic pathway. Here, we revisit the active site of coproporphyrin ferrochelatase by a biophysical and biochemical investigation using the physiological substrate coproporphyrin III, which in contrast to the previously used substrate protoporphyrin IX has four propionate substituents and no vinyl groups. In particular, we have compared the reactivity of wild‐type coproporphyrin ferrochelatase from the firmicute Listeria monocytogenes with those of variants, namely, His182Ala (H182A) and Glu263Gln (E263Q), involving two key active site residues. Interestingly, both variants are active only toward the physiological substrate coproporphyrin III but inactive toward protoporphyrin IX. In addition, E263 exchange impairs the final oxidation step from ferrous coproheme to ferric coproheme. The characteristics of the active site in the context of the residues involved and the substrate binding properties are discussed here using structural and functional means, providing a further contribution to the deciphering of this enigmatic reaction mechanism.
The impact of different states of type 2 diabetes when stratified by baselineHbA1con the periodontal outcomes of non‐surgical periodontal treatment: A systematic review and network meta‐analysis
Authors: Kang Shuai , Liu Zheng‐ya , Yuan Huan‐huan , Wang Shu‐min , Pan Ge‐ge , Wei Wei , Jiang Yi , Hou Yu 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been considered by many studies to have a bidirectional relationship with periodontitis. This systematic review and network meta‐analysis aimed to investigate the impact of different states of T2DM when stratified by baseline HbA1c on the clinical outcomes of non‐surgical periodontal treatment (NSPT).MethodsThis study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and involved an electronic literature search (from inception to the 2nd of January 2023). The study included at least two groups of patients: chronic periodontitis only (No‐DM) or periodontitis and well‐controlled/poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (WC/PC‐T2DM). Clinical outcomes included probing depth (PD) reduction, bleeding on probing reduction, and clinical attachment level (CAL) gain. Direct and indirect comparisons between groups were assessed by network meta‐analysis, thus allowing us to establish a treatment ranking.ResultsTen prospective cohort studies (11 data sets) were included for qualitative analysis and network meta‐analysis. The data included in this study had high consistency; in addition, a funnel plot and Egger's test showed that the articles had low publication bias. Network meta‐analysis showed that the effect of NSPT in the No‐DM group was significantly better than the WC‐T2DM group [weighted mean difference (WMD) = 0.09, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.01, 0.18)] and the PC‐T2DM group [WMD = 0.09, 95% CI (0.01, 0.18)] in terms of CAL gain and better than the PC‐T2DM group [WMD = 0.15, 95% CI (0.02, 0.28)] in terms of PD reduction. According to the surface under the cumulative ranking value, the No‐DM group had the highest probability of achieving the best outcome following NSPT.ConclusionsCollectively, our analyses show that T2DM exerts significant effects on the outcomes of NSPT.
Effect of supplementary sodium hypochlorite agitation techniques on an ex vivo oral multispecies biofilm during passive disinfection of simulated immature roots
Authors: Vieira Walbert de Andrade , de‐Jesus‐Soares Adriana , Lopes Erica M. , Gomes Brenda P. F. A. , Lima Bruno P. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimTo compare the effect of different sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) agitation techniques on an ex vivo oral multispecies biofilm during passive disinfection of simulated immature roots.MethodologyExtracted human teeth were prepared to simulate immature roots. They were infected with a dental plaque‐derived multispecies biofilm and cultured for 14 days. The roots were randomly designated into four groups: (1) negative control (PBS), (2) 1.5% NaOCl (CNI), (3) CNI + Ultrasonic activation (UA), (4) CNI + EasyClean agitation (ECA), (5) CNI + XP‐endo finisher agitation (XPF), and (6) positive control (6% NaOCl). Biofilm samples were collected from the root canals and used to determine the number of viable cells (colony‐forming units), scanning electron microscopy, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The mean colony‐forming units per mL (CFU/mL) were analysed using One‐way anova. 16S rRNA sequencing data were analysed for alpha (observed OTUs, Shannon index, and Chao1) and beta diversity (Bray‐Curtis dissimilarities). The LEfSe analysis was used to determine the effect of treatment procedures on the abundance of root canal microbiota. The significance was set at .05.ResultsPBS and CNI samples had significantly higher CFU/mL counts than UA, ECA, XPF, and 6% NaOCl samples (p < .05). The pre‐treatment, PBS, and CNI groups had significantly greater alpha diversity than the UA, ECA, XPF, and 6% NaOCl groups (p < .05). NaOCl agitation groups and the 6% NaOCl group achieved a more pronounced reduction in bacteria from the genera Fusobacterium, Actinomyces, Porphyromonas, and Capnocytophaga.ConclusionsThe effectiveness of passive disinfection protocols was enhanced by NaOCl agitation techniques, suggesting that this supplementary method can improve the outcome of revitalization procedures.
Les vertus des mécanismes de plainte des dispositifs de régulation privée du travail au sein des chaînes de valeur mondiales: l'exemple de la Fair Labor Association
Authors: HARRISON James , PAREJO Margarita , WIELGA Mark 
Published: February 2024

RésuméLes mécanismes de plainte peuvent‐ils renforcer la régulation privée du travail au sein des chaînes de valeur mondiales? À partir d'une analyse empirique des affaires instruites par le mécanisme de plainte de la Fair Labor Association ‐ le seul qui permette cette étude du point de vue du plaignant ‐, les auteurs constatent que, même si la grande majorité des plaignants en ont une opinion positive, ce mécanisme présente aussi des limites susceptibles d'influer négativement sur ses effets pour les travailleurs. Ils font appel au concept d'ancrage pour explorer l'influence de trois dimensions ‐ le niveau national, le niveau local et celui de l'entreprise ‐ sur ces effets. Ils en tirent des enseignements qui pourraient être utiles à l’étude de mécanismes de plainte existant dans d'autres chaînes de valeur mondiales.
Unique combination of hyaluronic acid and amino acids in the management of patients with a wide range of moderate‐to‐severe chronic wounds: Evidence from international clinical practice
Authors: Özker Emre , Krakowiecki Arkadiusz , Cassino Roberto , Pezzuto Carla , Chadwick Paul , Romanelli Marco 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe availability of new products and strategies to manage wounds has taken a quantum leap in recent years. Healthcare professionals now have an extensive range of products to choose from, but while positive this also raises dilemmas in real‐world clinical practice to decide on the most appropriate treatment for a given patient. Clinical trials confirm the effectiveness of the unique combination of hyaluronic acid and amino acids (Vulnamin®) in a range of wounds, but are these results replicated in real‐world clinical practice? International experts presented their clinical experience with the use of the combination in difficult‐to‐treat wounds. The objective was to reach a consensus on how and when to use the unique combination products to provide a cost‐effective, convenient option, in all healthcare settings that improves QoL for patients and their carers.
Dy3+‐ and/or Sm3+‐doped glass–ceramics containing NaGd(MoO4)2 crystalline phase for warm white light applications
Authors: Tong Juxia , Luo Zhiwei , Liu Xinzhu , Liang Haozhang , Liu Xinyu , He Pan , Lu Anxian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe transparent glass–ceramics with Dy3+ and/or Sm3+ doping, which include the NaGd(MoO4)2 single‐crystal phase, were synthesized using the melt‐quenching method followed by heat treatment in the SiO2–B2O3–Na2O–ZnO–MoO3–Gd2O3 system. The formation and fluorescent properties of Dy3+ single‐doped precursor glasses were thoroughly examined, and the optimal doping amount of Dy2O3 was determined to be 0.3 mol% by fluorescence spectroscopy. The ideal heat treatment procedure for glass–ceramics containing Dy3+ and Sm3+ was determined to be crystallized at a temperature of 650°C for a duration of 7 h. After undergoing heat treatment, the luminescence performance of glass–ceramic is significantly boosted, exhibiting an improvement that is roughly twice as substantial when compared to the precursor glass. Extensive research has been conducted to thoroughly examine the fluorescence capabilities of glass–ceramics doped with both Dy3+ and Sm3+, and the intricate mechanism of energy transfer has been extensively explored. The transparent glass–ceramics doped with Dy3+ and Sm3+ and containing NaGd(MoO4)2 crystal phase can produce tunable luminescence from yellow to orange with a high color purity and a low correlated color temperature, which indicates that they have the potential to be applied to warm white light scenes such as household lighting under ultraviolet excitation.