bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy: Lateral versus dorsal approach
Authors: Agha Ayman , von Breitenbuch Philipp , Gahli Nabil , Piso Pompiliu , Schlitt Hans J. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundFor tumours of the adrenal gland different surgical retroperitoneal approaches have been established, including the lateral and the dorsal approach. It is still unclear if the lateral or the dorsal approach should be preferred.Patients and MethodsA retrospective comparison between 21 patients who underwent retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy in lateral position (LRA) and 24 patients who underwent a retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy in dorsal position (DRA).ResultsThere were no significant differences with regard to the age, sex, tumour localisation, and the size of the tumour. The body‐mass‐index as well as the operation time was significantly higher of patients who underwent surgery in lateral position. Complications were comparable in both groups.ConclusionThe dorsal and the lateral retroperitoneal approach are ideal approaches for patients having had an intraabdominal surgery before. Due to the missing intraabdominal pressure the lateral approach is advantageous for patients with high body‐mass‐index (>35) and is indicated for patients with a tumour >6 cm due to the small retroperitoneal space. J. Surg. Oncol. 2008;97:90–93. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Antitumor activity of 3,5,4′‐trimethoxystilbene in COLO 205 cells and xenografts in SCID mice
Authors: Pan Min‐Hsiung , Gao Jia‐Hui , Lai Ching‐Shu , Wang Ying‐Jan , Chen Wen‐Ming , Lo Chih‐Yu , Wang Mingfu , Dushenkov Slavik , Ho Chi‐Tang 
Published: December 2007

AbstractResveratrol (R‐3), a trihydroxy trans‐stilbene from grape, inhibits multistage carcinogenesis in animal models. Here we report that 3,5,4′‐trimethoxystilbene (MR‐3), the permethylated derivative of R‐3 was more potent against the growth of human cancer cells (HT‐29, PC‐3, COLO 205) with estimated IC50 values of 81.31,42.71, and 6.25 µM, respectively. We further observed that MR‐3 induced apoptosis in COLO 205 cells through modulation of mitochondrial functions regulated by reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS generation occurs in the early stages of MR‐3‐induced apoptosis, preceding cytochrome‐c release, caspase activation, and DNA fragmentation. Significant therapeutic effects were demonstrated in vivo by treating severe combined immune deficiency (SCID) mice bearing COLO 205 tumor xenografts with MR‐3 (50 mg/kg ip). Assays on DNA fragmentation and caspase activation were performed and demonstrated that apoptosis occurred in tumor tissues treated with MR‐3. The appearance of apoptotic cells, as shown by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining, and an increase in p21 and decrease in proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein by immuno‐histochemistry were observed in tumor tissues under MR‐3 treatment. Our study identifies the novel mechanisms of the antitumor effects of MR‐3 and indicates that these results may have significant applications for cancer chemotherapy. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phenolic compounds: Evidence for inhibitory effects against obesity and their underlying molecular signaling mechanisms
Authors: Hsu Chin‐Lin , Yen Gow‐Chin 
Published: December 2007

AbstractPhenolic compounds are widely present in the plant kingdom. Many epidemiological studies have indicated that consumption of some plant‐derived foodstuffs with high phenolic content is associated with the prevention of some diseases and that these compounds may have similar properties to antioxidants, antimutagenic agents, antithrombotic agents, anti‐inflammatory agents, anti‐HIV‐1, and anticancer agents. However, obesity is an important topic in the world of public health and preventive medicine. Relationships between body mass index, waist circumference, or waist‐to‐hip ratio and the risk of development of some diseases (such as heart disease, dyslipidemia, hypertension, non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease, diabetes, kidney failure, cancer, stroke, osteoarthritis, and sleep apnea) have been observed. Evidence that phenolic compounds have beneficial effects in fighting obesity is increasingly being reported in the scientific literature. These in vitro and in vivo effects of phenolic compounds on the induction of pre‐adipocytic and adipocytic apoptosis and inhibition of adipocytic lipid accumulation are considered in detail here. This review presents evidence of their inhibitory effects on obesity and their underlying molecular signaling mechanisms.
1H NMR metabolite profiling of feces as a tool to assess the impact of nutrition on the human microbiome
Authors: Jacobs Doris M. , Deltimple Nancy , van Velzen Ewoud , van Dorsten Ferdi A. , Bingham Max , Vaughan Elaine E. , van Duynhoven John 
Published: December 2007

AbstractCurrent research increasingly recognizes the human gut microbiome as a metabolically versatile biological ‘digester’ that plays an essential role in regulating the host metabolome. Gut microbiota recover energy and biologically active molecules from food that would otherwise be washed out of the intestinal tract without benefit. In this study, a protocol for NMR‐based metabolite profiling has been developed to access the activity of the microbiome. The physicochemical properties of fecal metabolites have been found to strongly affect the reproducibility and coverage of the profiles obtained. Metabolite profiles generated by water and methanol extraction of lyophilized feces are reproducible and comprise a variety of different compounds including, among others, short‐chain fatty acids (e.g. acetate, propionate, butyrate, isobutyrate, isovalerate, malate), organic acids (e.g. succinate, pyruvate, fumarate, lactate), amino acids, uracil, trimethylamine, ethanol, glycerol, glucose, phenolic acids, cholate, and lipid components. The NMR profiling approach was validated on fecal samples from a double‐blinded, placebo‐controlled, randomized cross‐over study, in which healthy human subjects consumed a placebo and either a grape juice extract or a mix of grape juice and wine extract over a period of 4 weeks, each. The considerable inter‐ and intra‐individual variability observed originates in the first instance from variable metabolite concentrations rather than from variable metabolite compositions, suggesting that different colonic flora share general biochemical characteristics metabolizing different substrates to specific metabolic patterns. Whereas the grape juice extract did not induce changes in the metabolite profiles as compared with the placebo, the mixture of grape juice and wine extract induced a reduction in isobutyrate, which may indicate that polyphenols are able to modulate the microbial ecology of the gut. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Graft copolymerization of maleic anhydride/styrene onto isotactic polypropylene using supercritical CO2
Authors: Rao Huaxin , Zhang Ziyong 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe free‐radical grafting of maleic anhydride (MAH) and styrene (St) onto isotactic polypropylene (iPP) was studied by thermal decomposition of dicumyl peroxide (DCP) using supercritical CO2 as a solvent and swelling agent. Several effects of molar ratio of monomer, soaking temperature and time, reaction time, and reaction pressure on the graft degree were discussed. It was found that the addition of St to the grafting system as a comonomer could significantly enhance the graft degree of the grafted PP. Under the optimal reaction condition, the maximum of iPP grafting MAH and St in supercritical CO2 medium was 10.58%. The chemical structures and properties of grafting copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that the supercritical CO2 method had noticeable advantages over the existed method when compared, such as a lower temperature, a higher graft degree, easy separation, and environmentally benign. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Constant allelic alteration on chromosome 16p (TSC2 gene) in perivascular epithelioid cell tumour (PEComa): genetic evidence for the relationship of PEComa with angiomyolipoma
Authors: Pan C‐C , Chung M‐Y , Ng K‐F , Liu C‐Y , Wang J‐S , Chai C‐Y , Huang S‐H , Chen PC‐H , Ho DMT 
Published: December 2007

AbstractPerivascular epithelioid cell tumours (PEComas) are a family of tumours including classic angiomyolipoma, lymphangioleiomyomatosis, and clear epithelioid cell tumours reported under a variety of names such as epithelioid angiomyolipoma, pulmonary and extrapulmonary clear cell sugar tumour, and PEComa. Our previous comparative genomic hybridization study of PEComas demonstrated recurrent chromosomal aberrations including deletions on chromosome 16p, where the TSC2 gene is located. In this study, we focused on the alteration of chromosome 16p, including TSC2. We collected ten sporadic and two tuberous sclerosis complex‐associated PEComas, as well as 14 sporadic classic hepatic and renal angiomyolipomas (AMLs) as controls. We used 16 microsatellite markers distributed along chromosome 16p to test for allelic imbalances on chromosome 16p and at TSC2, and two markers for TSC1. Furthermore, we carried out immunohistochemical staining for phospho‐p706K, phospho‐AKT, and phospho‐S6 to evaluate the effect of TSC2 alterations on the mTOR signalling pathway. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) was found in 11 PEComas and involved the region of the TSC2 locus in seven. Six classic angiomyolipomas had allelic changes at chromosome 16p. Microsatellite instability was detected in two PEComas. The incidence of genetic aberrations was significantly higher in the PEComa group. Only one PEComa showed LOH at the TSC1 locus. Eleven PEComas and 13 AMLs revealed elevated phospho‐p70S6K accompanied by reduced phospho‐AKT. Five PEComas and eight classic angiomyolipomas were positive for phospho‐S6. The phosphorylation profile indicates functional activation of the mTOR pathway through a disrupted TSC1/2 complex. Our observations of frequent deletion of TSC2 and the mTOR signalling pathway provide evidence that the oncogenetic lineage of PEComa, as a distinct TSC2‐linked neoplasm, is similar to that of angiomyolipoma. Copyright © 2007 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Application of the adult International Germ Cell Classification System to pediatric malignant non‐seminomatous germ cell tumors: A report from the Children's Oncology Group
Authors: Frazier A. Lindsay , Rumcheva Pavlina , Olson Thomas , Giller Roger , Cushing Barbara , Cullen John , Marina Neyssa , London Wendy B. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this analysis is to explore whether the International Germ Cell Classification Consensus (IGCCC) tumor marker criteria, developed for adult males with metastatic malignant germ cell tumors (MGCT), are prognostic among pediatric patients and whether tumor marker data may be relevant in pediatric risk stratification.ProcedureThe IGCCC was applied to 436 pediatric germ cell patients treated on Pediatric Intergroup Studies from 1990 to 1996. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards model identified prognostic variables; survival rates among IGCCC risk groups were compared using the log‐rank test. Concordance and relative performance of IGCCC versus COG risk stratification was evaluated.ResultsApplying the IGCCC, 21% of pediatric patients were good risk (GR), 35% intermediate risk (IR), and 44% poor risk (PR). Only modest concordance between IGCCC and COG stratification systems was noted (49%). Nonetheless, the IGCCC identified a group of PR patients who had significantly worse event‐free survival (EFS) versus GR/IR patients (6‐year EFS 80% vs. 91%), which was similar to the difference observed using the COG system (6‐year EFS 77% vs. 90%). The IGCCC performed well within subgroups for which the IGCCC is not intended (prepubertal, female, and non‐metastatic patients).ConclusionsApplying the IGCCC system to pediatric patients produces a different stratification than does the application of the COG system, although both are prognostic. Development of a de novo pediatric prognostic classification is warranted. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;50:746–751. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Structure‐reactivity relationships for β‐galactosidase (Escherichia coli, lac Z): a second derivative effect on βnuc for addition of alkyl alcohols to an oxocarbenium ion reaction intermediate
Authors: Richard John P. , Heo Christina K. , Toteva Maria M. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractVelocities for the synthesis of trifluoroethyl 2‐deoxy‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside by transfer of the 2‐deoxygalactosyl group from β‐galactosidase to trifluoroethanol were determined from studies of the β‐galactosidase‐catalyzed cleavage of 4‐nitrophenyl‐2‐deoxy‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside as the difference in rates of appearance of 4‐nitrophenoxide anion and 2‐D‐deoxygalactose. These data were used to calculate a rate constant ratio of kROH/ks = 2.3 M−1 for partitioning of the intermediate between addition of trifluoroethanol and solvent water. Velocities for the synthesis of other alkyl 2‐deoxy‐β‐D‐galactopyranosides by transfer of the 2‐deoxygalactosyl group from β‐galactosidase to alkyl alcohols were determined from the effect of alkyl alcohols on the velocity of β‐galactosidase‐catalyzed cleavage of 4‐nitrophenyl‐2‐deoxy‐β‐D‐galactopyranoside in a reaction where breakdown of the intermediate is rate determining. These data were used to calculate rate constant ratios kROH/ks for the reactions of eight alkyl alcohols. Absolute rate constants kROH (M−1 s−1) were calculated from kROH/ks and ks = 0.002 s−1 for the addition of water. A Brønsted coefficient of βnuc = −0.07 ± 0.08 was determined as the slope of a logarithmic correlation of kROH against alcohol pKa. The change from a 2‐OH to a 2‐H substituent at the β‐D‐galactopyranosyl intermediate causes a 0.12 ± 0.04 increase in the value of βnuc for alcohol addition. This anti‐Hammond effect provides evidence that general base‐catalyzed addition of alcohols to an enzyme‐bound β‐D‐galactopyranosyl oxocarbenium ion intermediate proceeds along a reaction coordinate in which there is strong coupling between carbon–oxygen bond formation and proton transfer from the alcohol to a basic residue at the enzyme. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The congenital porto‐caval fistula: A unique presentation and novel intervention
Authors: Hoover Wynton , Ackerman Veda , Schamberger Marcus , Kumar Manjusha , Marshalleck Francis , Hoyer Mark 
Published: December 2007

AbstractCongenital porto‐caval fistulas are uncommon vascular malformations with a varied clinical presentation beginning in infancy and spanning late adulthood. We report a 14‐year‐old male who presented with dyspnea and cough. His past medical history was significant for a chronic non‐immune hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, coagulopathy and a learning disability. He was found to have severe pulmonary hypertension and hyperammonemia associated with a large congenital porto‐caval fistula. The abnormal vessel was occluded via endovascular covered stent placement in the vena cava. His pulmonary hypertension has improved remarkably while his chronic anemia, thrombocytopenia and ammonia have normalized to allow improved cognitive performance. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2008; 43:196–199. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proteomic‐based approach for biomarkers discovery in early detection of invasive urothelial carcinoma
Authors: Li Junyu , Abraham Shaji , Cheng Liang , Witzmann Frank A. , Koch Michael , Xie Jun , Rahman Munazzah , Mohammed Sulma I. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractIdentification of reliable non‐invasive markers for the detection of invasive phenotype of urothelial carcinoma is needed. This study characterizes and compares protein expression profiles of adjacent non‐neoplastic urothelium and invasive urothelial carcinoma to identify biomarkers for early detection of de novo bladder cancer. Differences in protein expression between adjacent non‐neoplastic and high‐grade, stage T4, grade 3 invasive urothelial carcinoma tissues were investigated using 2‐DE, MALDI‐TOF‐MS, and data processing. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) was applied to examine the biological mechanisms represented by the altered proteins. The 2‐DE of the adjacent non‐neoplastic urothelium and invasive urothelial carcinoma showed reproducibly similar proteomic mapping for each group distinguishing adjacent non‐neoplastic urothelium from invasive urothelial carcinoma. Twenty‐one proteins were altered in expression and one of these proteins, Choroideremia‐like protein (CHML) was significantly overexpressed (p<0.005) and therefore was analyzed further using IHC and Western blot. Urothelial carcinoma presented an elevated expression of CHML but not adjacent non‐neoplastic or normal bladder tissues. IPA revealed the involvement of CHML in cell morphology, cellular assembly, and organization. Further investigation is warranted to elucidate the biological significance of CHML and to validate its role as a biomarker for early detection of invasive urothelial carcinoma de novo.
Inelastic light scattering studies of overdoped Y1–xCax Ba2Cu3O7–δ thin film
Authors: Lin J. H. , Weng S. M. , Liu H. L. , Chung P. C. , Lin J.‐Y. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractThe vibrational and magnetic Raman excitation spectra were examined in overdoped Y1–xCaxBa2Cu3O7–δ thin films. Below Tc, certain phonons in undoped YBa2Cu3O7–δ (YBCO) show strong self‐energy effects, which gradually vanish with increasing Ca concentration into the overdoped regime. The observed B1g symmetry two‐magnon excitation peak near 2900 cm–1 in YBCO is significantly broadened, weakened, and shifts to the lower frequency with increasing Ca content, indicating the effective value of magnetic superexchange energy decreases and that the life time of the magnons becomes shorter with increasing hole concentrations. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Spin polarization of a non‐magnetic high g‐factor semiconductor at low magnetic field
Authors: Lee J. , Back J. , Joo S. , Hong J. , Rhie K. , Kim K. H. , Kim S. U. , Lee B. C. , Kim T. , Shin K. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractWe have studied the spin polarization of HgCdTe by measuring Shubnikov‐de Haas oscillations. The magnetic field have been applied in parallel and perpendicular to the current. Relatively long spin relaxation time was observed since only spin conserved transition is allowed by selection rules. The electronic spin is completely polarized when the applied magnetic field is larger than 0.5 Tesla, which can be easily generated by micromagnets deposited on the surface of the specimen. Thus, the spin‐manipulation such as spin up/down junction can be realized with this semiconductor. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Tunnel magnetoresistance of ferromagnetic semiconductor junctions
Authors: Honda S. , Itoh H. , Inoue J. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractTunnel conductance and magnetoresistance of (Ga‐Mn)As/AlAs/(Ga‐Mn)As are calculated as a function of AlAs barrier thickness in the linear response regime using a realistic tight‐binding model. It is shown that the barrier thickness dependence of the tunnel magnetoresistance ratio is quite weak in contrast to experimental results. It is also shown that the tunnel magnetoresistance ratio is decreased by GaAs layer inserted at the interfaces between (Ga‐Mn)As and AlAs. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Spin configuration of ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic nano‐composite particles
Authors: Phuoc Nguyen N. , Suzuki Takao , Chantrell Roy W. , Nowak Uli 
Published: December 2007

AbstractA systematic study of the spin configuration of ferromagnetic(core)/antiferromagnetic(shell) nano‐composite particles was carried out by two approaches: micromagnetic and atomistic simulations. In the case of strong interlayer exchange coupling between ferromagnet and antiferromagnet, the micromagnetic simulation result is consistent with the atomistic simulation result. However, in the case of weak interlayer exchange coupling the micromagnetic simulation predicts a multi‐domain structure of the ferromagnet, which is inconsistent with the atomistic simulation. The failure of micromagnetic simulation in describing the spin structure of the nano‐composite particles might be interpreted in terms of the under‐estimation of the exchange energy for rapid spatial fluctuations of the magnetization by the continuum exchange formalism or might be due to the cooling process procedure. Also, the variation of spin structure as a function of the uniaxial anisotropy of the core is presented and discussed. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Y2SiO5:Ce thin films grown by PLD
Authors: Coetsee E. , Terblans J.J. , Swart H.C. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractProcess parameters for pulsed laser deposition (PLD) (KrF laser, 248 nm on a silicon (Si)(100) substrate) of uniform cerium doped yttrium silicate (Y2SiO5:Ce) phosphor thin films were investigated for application in field emission displays (FEDs). An increase in the oxygen (O2) ambient pressure to 1 Torr resulted in the growth of a nano phosphor thin layer. Surface morphology that was monitored with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) yielded a rougher surface on the nano particle thin film due to the spherically shaped nano particles. Cathodoluminescence (CL) spectroscopy that was done with 2 keV energy electrons (20 μA beam current) on the nano particle film, indicated a more intense CL intensity than the uniform thin film that was grown in vacuum (5 x 10‐6 Torr). The two main CL peaks on the nano particle film are situated at 438 and 468 nm (blue light) due to the 5d to 4f (2F5/2 and 2F7/2) transitions in Ce3+. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Optical properties of zinc oxide‐based ternary compounds synthesized by electrodeposition
Authors: Marí B. , Cembrero J. , Mollar M. , Tortosa M. 
Published: December 2007

AbstractStructure, morphology and optical properties of ZnO thin films grown by electrodeposition under different conditions changing both solvent (water or dimethylsulfoxide) and substrate (polycrystalline FTO or monocrystalline GaN) are reported. The results point out the advantage of using dimethylsulfoxide when uniform, oriented and highly transparent films are required. On the other hand electrodeposition in aqueous bath produces perfectly defined hexagonal ZnO columns which can be fully oriented by chosing a suitable substrate. Photoluminescence has only been observed for ZnO films grown in aqueous bath. Ternary compounds as ZnMO (M=Cd, Co, Mn) with a controlled ratio between both cations, and morphology and structure like binary ZnO can be easily obtained from dimethylsulfoxide. (© 2008 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)