bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Generation of a recurrent fractal process using discrete uniform distributions
Authors: Dheskali Endrit 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Potential connections between fractals and randomness could improve our ability to make predictions. This study uncovers such connections between fractals and recurrent processes generated by uniformly distributed events. The multifractal spectrum of the proposed recurrent process is depicted, and its self-similar structure is revealed. The results remain unaffected by the choice of the discrete random generator, and various options such as pi digits, live roulette spins, or the flip of a fair die can be employed. The implications extend beyond the immediate scope of this research, offering a potential catalyst for advancements in predictive modeling and analysis within various domains. Additionally, new insights regarding complex and random systems are provided.
Comprehensive Swelling Analysis of Alginate Hydrogel
Authors: Toleuova Ellina 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Utilizing a combination of sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) and sodium hexametaphosphate (HMP) as composite cross-linking agents, alginate hydrogels were prepared through ionic cross-linking. An analysis and discussion were conducted on the influence of crosslinking agent mass ratio, pH, and ionic strength on the swelling properties of alginate hydrogels. The findings reveal that the swelling degree of microspheres prepared with the composite crosslinking agent is reduced by 75.1% and 26.8% compared to using TPP or HMP separately, indicating a significantly enhanced cross-linking efficiency. When the mass ratio of TPP to HMP is set at 4:5 and the cross-linking agent pH is 6, the hydrogels demonstrated the utmost crosslinking and the most compact structure. In a pH 2.0 buffered solution, the swelling degree can reach 500%, and the gel remains intact without any breakage. The hydrogels exhibit notable sensitivity to both ionic strength and pH, displaying increased swelling particularly in acidic conditions.
Large-Margin Saliency-aware Binarized CNN for Monkeypox Virus Image Classification
Authors: Biswas Debojyoti , Tesic Jelena 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The recent widespread increase of the Mpox (formerly monkeypox) virus infections in the South Asian and African countries has raised concerns among medical professionals regarding the potential emergence of another pandemic in those regions. With the number of available test kits surpassing the count of positive/probable cases, there is a pressing need to develop a robust and lightweight classifier model to alleviate the burden of physical testing kits and expedite the detection process. The existing state-of-the-art primarily focuses on achieving high accuracy in modeling Mpox without considering factors such as modeling suitability, real-time inferencing, and adaptability to resource-constrained CPU-only mobile devices. In this research, we propose a novel lightweight binarized DarkNet53 model, referred to as BinaryDNet53, which is approximately ~ 20X more computationally efficient and ~ 2X more power-efficient than the current state-of-the-art. This model demonstrates smooth detection capabilities when deployed on small hand-held or embedded devices. Our work introduces large-margin feature learning and weighted loss calculation to enhance results, particularly on complex samples. We conduct experiments using the latest MSLD v2.0 dataset, showcasing the superiority of the proposed model over state-of-the-art models based on classification and computational metrics, including Watt power consumption, required memory, and GFLOPS.
Decadal Impacts of Climate Variability on Forest Cover in Northern Himalayas
Authors: Rawail Ali 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Gilgit-Baltistan is a critical catchment area of Himalayan mountains, situated in the north of Pakistan with 4% of forest area. The study provides an insight to spatiotemporal patterns of vegetation response to climate in Gilgit-Baltistan, using satellite-derived vegetation index and multi-source climate datasets for the years 2010-2019. Two meteorological parameters, temperature and precipitation from WorldClim and ground-based stations were used to make an in-depth analysis of the response of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) dynamics to climate in Gilgit-Baltistan. The results showed a declining trend in forest area in lower hills with highest area calculated in 2010 and lowest in 2019. There is negative correlation between forest area and temperature with significant correlation obtained from WorldClim data. There is positive correlation between forest area and rainfall with a p-value of <0.05. Gilgit-Baltistan is extremely arid. This is due to the rain shadow effect of the Himalayas, but periodically rains associated with the summer monsoons can sometimes result in disastrous flooding as well. The study could be helpful for accurately understanding impacts of climate change on forest growth and be beneficial for effective mountain ecosystem management.
Results of Longitudinal gastrectomy in treating diseases associated with obesity
Authors: Hammadieh Abdul Rahman , Oudeh Mohammad , AlAttar Rouaa 
Published: February 2024

Abstract

Background & Objective:
Laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery is one of the modern obesity operations that relies on the principle of size reduction. The doctors’ motivation behind performing this operation was to obtain better results than other operations, taking into account the costs. The goal of this study is to present the doctors’ experience in this operation. The surgical technique used, and the results they obtained while performing this operation to treat obese patients in Syria.
Methods & Material
A prospective study was carried out, following a laparoscopic gastric plication technique and was applied on 84 morbidly obese patients between February 2019 and September 2023. There were 14 men and70 women, with a mean age of 29.7 years (range18–65 years) and a mean body mass index of 39.5kg/m2 (range 32–49 kg/m2) superscripted.
Results
All operations were performed laparoscopically, The average surgical time was 82 minutes (53–175 minutes), and the average hospital stay was 35 hours (30 hours - four days), The average rate of return to usual activity after surgery 7 days (4–25 days), the leading weight loss rates were: 70%, 75%, 80%. 77%, 71%, 78% after: After 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months, respectively, weight gain occurred in 4%, 7%, and 7.9% of patients after: 12, 24, and 36 months, respectively. Complications of surgery were: pneumonia, minor bleeding during surgery, vomiting, acute renal failure, pulmonary embolism, leakage, and infection.
Conclusion
Longitudinal sleeve gastrectomy is effective, safe, and acceptable to patients. It is a procedure with a higher rate of major medical problems than others. Its leading weight loss rate is higher than other size reduction operations. The cost of this operation is very high.
An ordered multi-objective fuzzy stochastic approach to sustainable water resources management: a case study from Taiyuan City, China
Authors: Wu Wenyu , Zhao Xuehua , Zhang Xueyou , Wu Xixi , Zhao Yuhang , Guo Qiucen , Yao Liushan , Liu Xin 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The uncertainty of socioeconomic development and climate change poses challenges to the sustainable management of water resources in Taiyuan, China. The study proposes a type-2 fuzzy chance-constrained ordered multi-objective fractional programming (T2FCC-ORMOFP) model to address the allocation of water under uncertainties. The model incorporates type-2 fuzzy programming and chance-constrained programming into an overall framework to handle multiple uncertainties under multi-level and multi-objective conflicts, while using fractional programming to reflect the marginal benefits of the system. It prioritizes the principles of optimal, fair, and stable distribution by the upper-level governing authorities, while considering the social and economic environmental benefits of lower-level decision-making. The optimal water allocation scenarios were obtained under different hydrological guarantee rates, violation levels of water supply constraints, and net economic benefits of type-2 fuzzy numbers for 2030. Additionally, groundwater is replaced by reclaimed water in varying proportions for flexible water supply. The results show that the water demand in Taiyuan cannot be ignored, and the risk of water shortage is more sensitive for the agricultural and industrial sectors. The recycled water substitution strategy can optimize the water supply structure and improve social and economic benefits (9–12%). Also T2FCC-ORMOFP can improve overall efficiency (20%) compared with a single-level model.
Hub Genes Involved in the Progression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease to Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Authors: Liu Baiyi , Wang Xiaoxiao , Wu Nan , Liu Feng , Rao Huiying 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common
cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. With an increasing number of patients,
NAFLD has been identified as a risk factor for Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). The
precise pathophysiology of NAFLD-related HCC has not been completely understood recently.

Objective:
We analyzed the hub genes related to NAFLD and HCC to predict the risk of
NAFLD progressing to HCC.

Methods:
Two datasets of NAFLD were used to identify differentially expressed genes.
Lasso-Cox regression analysis was performed to determine a gene model to predict the
risk of the progression from NAFLD to HCC. Three validation datasets were analyzed
to evaluate the performance of the gene model, including normal and NAFLD with fibrosis,
NAFLD with fibrosis and NAFLD-related HCC, and normal and NASH-related
HCC.

Results:
Seven genes, including COL1A1, TIPM1, VCAN, FOS, CD79A, CXCL9, and
VWF, were identified as the hub genes, and then a gene model was constructed. By calculating,
the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for risk prediction
were 0.97, 0.886, and 0.751 in the three validation datasets, respectively. Gene
set enrichment analysis indicated that the MAPK, TGFβ, p53, PPAR, insulin signaling
pathways, and fatty acid metabolism were significantly upregulated in the high-risk
group. GTPase activity and intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway had significant upregulation
in the low-risk group.

Conclusion:
The seven hub genes may predict the risk of NAFLD developing into HCC
by mediating the potential molecular mechanism, which could be used as biomarkers for
predicting the progression, diagnosis, and treatment of NAFLD.
The Mechanism of Astragaloside IV in NOD-like Receptor Family Pyrin
Domain Containing 3 Inflammasome-mediated Pyroptosis after Intracerebral
Hemorrhage
Authors: Wu Honggang , Chen Shu , You Guoliang , Lei Bo , Chen Li , Wu Jiachuan , Zheng Niandong , You Chao 
Published: February 2024

Background:
Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most common subtypes of
stroke.

Objectives:
This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on inflammatory
injury after ICH.

Methods:
The ICH model was established by the injection of collagenase and treated with ASIV
(20 mg/kg or 40 mg/kg). The neurological function, water content of the bilateral cerebral
hemisphere and cerebellum, and pathological changes in brain tissue were assessed. The levels
of interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), IL-18, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma, and IL-10
were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The levels of Kruppel-like factor 2
(KLF2), NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), GSDMD-N, and
cleaved-caspase-1 were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction
and Western blot assay. The binding relationship between KLF2 and NLRP3 was verified by
chromatin-immunoprecipitation and dual-luciferase assays. KLF2 inhibition or NLRP3 overexpression
was achieved in mice to observe pathological changes.

Results:
The decreased neurological function, increased water content, severe pathological damage,
and inflammatory response were observed in mice after ICH, with increased levels of
NLRP3/GSDMD-N/cleaved-caspase-1/IL-1β/IL-18 and poorly-expressed KLF2 in brain tissue.
After AS-IV treatment, the neurological dysfunction, high brain water content, inflammatory
response, and pyroptosis were alleviated, while KLF2 expression was increased. KLF2 bonded
to the NLRP3 promoter region and inhibited its transcription. Down-regulation of KLF2 or upregulation
of NLRP3 reversed the effect of AS-IV on inhibiting pyroptosis and reducing inflammatory
injury in mice after ICH.

Conclusion:
AS-IV inhibited NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis by promoting KLF2 expression and
alleviated inflammatory injury in mice after ICH.
Alzheimer's Disease and Suicide: An Integrative Literature Review
Authors: Rodrigues Juliano Flávio Rubatino , Rodrigues Livia Peregrino , de Araújo Filho Gerardo Maria 
Published: February 2024

Introduction::
Suicide has been described in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Some
promising medications for treating Alzheimer's disease have had their studies suspended because
they increase the risk of suicide. Understanding the correlations between suicide and Alzheimer's
disease is essential in an aging world.

Method::
A search was carried out on electronic websites (PubMed and Scielo) using the MeSH
Terms “suicide” and “Alzheimer” (1986-2023). Of a total of 115 articles, 26 were included in this
review.

Results::
Depression and the allele ε4 of Apolipoprotein (APOE4) were demonstrated to be the
main risk factors for suicide in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

Conclusion::
Adequately delineating which elderly people are vulnerable to suicide is important
so that new treatments for Alzheimer's disease can be successful. This review showed a need for
new studies to investigate the interface between Alzheimer's disease and suicide.
The Power of the Underutilized and Neglected Medicinal Plants and
Herbs of the Middle East
Authors: Shahrajabian Mohamad Hesam , Sun Wenli 
Published: February 2024

:
The Middle east and North Africa harbour many native species with pharmaceutical
and nutraceutical potential. Since the beginning of history, food and herbal medicinal plants have
been an essential part of human lives and the traditional Middle Eastern healthcare system. The
notable medicinal plants that have been mentioned in the Bible, which are common in West Asia
and some regions of North Africa, are Aloe vera, anise, balm, cassia, cinnamon, cumin, flax, and
fig. Chemical components of Aloe vera are aloin, sinapinic acid, catechin, chromone, myricetin,
quercitrin and syringic acid. Anethole, safrole, and estragole are the main chemical components of
anise. The chemical components of cassia are coumarin, emodin, cinnamyl alcohol, and cinnamaldehyde.
The major chemical ingredients of cumin are terpinene, cuminaldehyde, sabinene,
thujene, and thymoquinone. The goal of this article is to review the considerable health benefits
and pharmaceutical benefits of medicinal herbs and plants that have been neglected and underutilized
in the Middle East and North Africa, as well as to promote their utilization. On the basis of
the results, the experimented neglected medicinal plant can offer various advantages when used together
with conventional medicinal treatments for various health conditions, such as palliative
care in managing the side effects of conventional treatments, access to a wider range of treatments,
increased patient satisfaction, and improved emotional and mental well-being. Moreover,
consuming medicinal plants may help to manage and prevent diabetes, cancer, and heart disease
with notable anti-tumor, and anti-inflammatory properties.
Molecular Mechanisms of Polyphenols in Management of Skin Aging
Authors: Dwevedi Deepti , Srivastava Ankur 
Published: February 2024

:
The natural process of skin aging is influenced by a variety of factors, including oxidative
stress, inflammation, collagen degradation, and UV radiation exposure. The potential of polyphenols
in controlling skin aging has been the subject of much investigation throughout the
years. Due to their complex molecular pathways, polyphenols, a broad class of bioactive substances
present in large quantities in plants, have emerged as attractive candidates for skin anti-aging
therapies. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the molecular mechanisms
through which polyphenols exert their anti-aging effects on the skin. Various chemical
mechanisms contribute to reducing skin aging signs and maintaining a vibrant appearance. These
mechanisms include UV protection, moisturization, hydration, stimulation of collagen synthesis,
antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammatory actions. These mechanisms work together to reduce
signs of aging and keep the skin looking youthful. Polyphenols, with their antioxidant properties,
are particularly noteworthy. They can neutralize free radicals, lessening oxidative stress that might
otherwise cause collagen breakdown and DNA damage. The anti-inflammatory effects of polyphenols
are explored, focusing on their ability to suppress pro-inflammatory cytokines and enzymes,
thereby alleviating inflammation and its detrimental effects on the skin. Understanding these
mechanisms can guide future research and development, leading to the development of innovative
polyphenol-based strategies for maintaining healthy skin.
Marine Seaweed Polysaccharides: An Insight into Biological Activities and
Biomedical Applications
Authors: B. Jegadeshwari , S.D. Saraswathy 
Published: February 2024

:
Natural products from various sources play a major role in the healthcare sector, mainly in
the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, agro and medical divisions. Polysaccharides are one of the important
biomacromolecules present in higher plants, animals, fungi and algae, and aid in the growth and
development of an organism. They play a vital role in regulating and maintaining cellular homeostasis
in all forms of life. They are considered bioactive polymers and possess promising beneficial
effects on human health without any harmful side effects. Among different biopolymers, polysaccharides
have gained greater attention in the area of natural products and biomedical research due to
their unique physio-chemical properties, bioactivities and health-promoting effects. The molecular
structure of the polysaccharides is highly complex, depending on their origin and the structural diversity.
Carbohydrate polymers differ largely based on their molecular weight, composition, functional
derivatives, pattern of glycosidic linkages and degree of polymerization. In recent years, seaweed
polysaccharides have been identified in large numbers and are effectively used by the food and
biotechnology industries for the production of nutraceutical and pharmaceutical products. Several
researches have demonstrated the biological activities of seaweed polysaccharides such as antioxidant,
antiviral, hypoglycemic, antidiabetic, antitumor and immunomodulatory. Moreover, there has
been a substantial increase in the utilization of natural polymeric biomaterials in the biomedical field.
This review summarizes the diverse biological effects of polysaccharides derived from different
types of seaweeds as well as their biomedical applications. The information reviewed here provides
an insight into the biopotential efficiency of algal-based polysaccharides, further help in the development
of novel pharmaceutical and biomedical products.
APLIKASI PENDATAAN GENUS IKAN CHANNA BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN FRAMEWORK LARAVEL
Authors: Panuntun Briliandiko , Kristianto Budhi 
Published: February 2024

Berkembangnya teknologi mempermudah manusia mendapatkan berbagai informasi yang dibutuhkan. Demikian juga dengan pemanfaatan teknologi informasi di dunia perikanan. Saat ini telah berkembang berbagai platform baik untuk penjualan maupun yang sekedar memberikan kemudahan memperoleh informasi tentang berbagai jenis ikan yang ingin dipelajari. Obyek penelitian ini membahas tentang genus ikan Channa atau yang dikenal sebagai ikan gabus yang saat ini mendapat perhatian khusus penggemar ikan baik di dalam maupun luar negeri. Ikan Channa mendapat perhatian khusus karena kemudahan dalam pemeliharaan serta perkembangbiakannya. Mengingat banyaknya genus ikan Channa, maka dibutuhkan media penyediaan informasi yang relevan sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai media belajar. Hal itulah yang mendasari pembuatan aplikasi pendataan genus ikan Channa berbasis Web menggunakan Framework Laravel. Pembuatan aplikasi ini menggunakan Laravel sebagai framework-nya, Mysql sebagai database dan XAMPP sebagai web server. Hasil dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai aplikasi pembelajaran ikan Channa yang berguna bagi semua orang untuk mendapatkan informasi secara detail terkait dengan ikan Channa tersebut.
Freezability of Semen Collected from Ganders of 12 Breeds Covered by the Polish Genetic Resources Conservation Program
Authors: Łukaszewicz Ewa , Kowalczyk Artur , Jerysz Anna , Lisowski Mirosław 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A rapid decline in wild animal biodiversity, as well as in the number of local livestock breeds of lower economical values, makes species and breeds protection and creation of genetic reserves a necessity and a challenge of the 21st century. For birds, semen freezing is still the best method of gene preservation ex situ in vitro. The aim of the presented study was to assess the susceptibility to freezing process and to establish the semen gene bank of twelve goose breeds covered by the Polish genetic resources conservation program. Sexually mature ganders were randomly selected from four northern local breeds: Kartuska, Pomorska, Rypinska, Suwalska, four southern local breeds: Garbonosa, Kielecka, Lubelska, Podkarpacka, and four foreign goose breeds: Kuban, Landes, Roman and Slovakian. Each breed was represented by 12 males, twelve repetitions were carried out. Semen samples were frozen in a computer-controlled cryogenic chamber using a method developed for White Koluda goose. The basic evaluation criterion was sperm morphology in fresh and freeze-thawed semen assessed in nigrosine-eosin stained histological smears. The percentage of live in total and live normal sperm in the fresh semen differed significantly (P<0.05) between breeds. Semen of Kartuska and Suwalska ganders (northern breeds), contained the highest percent of live sperm – 94.4 and 94.1 respectively, including 52.5% and 54.2% of live normal sperm, while the lowest number of these forms was observed for Slovakian goose – 86.4% and 29.2%, respectively. The freezing process resulted in a significant (P<0.05) reduction in the total number of live and live normal sperm and an increase in dead sperm in all groups. Cryopreservation process was the most effective in case of Suwalska goose semen (28.4% of live normal cells in thawed semen) and the less profitable for Landes (7.4% of live normal cells). The analyses showed significant differences between breeds in sperm morphology in fresh and thawed semen. Moreover, the high proportion of live spermatozoa in the fresh semen did not guarantee a high proportion of spermatozoa after thawing, indicating the differences in semen susceptibility to cryopreservation process depending on goose breed.