bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Impressive and Prolonged Response with Lenvatinib in a Highly Pretreated Patient with Metastatic Clear Cell Renal Cancer: A Case Report
Authors: Demurtas Sara , Frascaroli Mara , Sottotetti Federico , Rametta Alessandro , Procopio Giuseppe , Locati Laura Deborah 
Published: April 2024

Clear cell renal carcinoma (ccRCC) can occur in young people and could be associated with an aggressive behavior. While for the first-line treatment in metastatic disease, there is an agreement to rely on an immunotherapy (IO)-based combination regimen, no standard second-line regimens exist. Generally, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are employed, even in sequence, although no trials have demonstrated yet the best succession. Herein, we present the case of a 39-year-old male, with a very aggressive ccRCC with somatic VHL mutation and distant metastases at diagnosis. He was treated with four different lines of therapies, including TKIs, with progressive multiple tumor deposits. Lenvatinib alone as the fifth line was able to induce a remarkable and prolonged tumor shrinkage with manageable toxicities.
Building a New Generation of Public Health Leaders Forged in a Public Health Crisis
Authors: Helm-Murtagh Susan C. , Erwin Paul C. 
Published: April 2024

The COVID-19 pandemic presented wide-ranging leadership challenges to public health leaders and public health organizations. In its wake, as the necessity of reconstructing public health and modernizing the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is considered, we reviewed reports from the Commonwealth Fund and the CDC and other leadership-focused literature to identify common themes for a new generation of public health leaders. We posit that this new generation must have the ability to communicate (build and maintain trust and accountability); forge, facilitate, and promote partnerships; connect public health and health care systems; build information systems that provide accessible, actionable data; engage in systems and strategic thinking and action; center equity and inclusivity and understand structural racism as a fundamental driver and creator of health inequities; and achieve and maintain resilience and self-care. For each of the 7 abilities, we offer a description, assess what COVID-19 taught us about the necessity of the ability for public health leaders, and offer suggestions for developing (or honing) one’s skill set, mindset, and tool set in this regard. ( Am J Public Health. 2024;114(6):626–632. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2024.307633 )
Conducting marine genetic research for whom? Mapping knowledge flows from science to patents
Authors: Dunshirn Paul , Zhvikoplias Erik 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Marine genetic resources hold great value for biotechnological innovation and sustainability-oriented research. However, studies indicate that intellectual property rights pertaining to these resources are concentrated in a handful of companies and countries, triggering contentious international debates. This paper highlights an overlooked dimension: scientists and their affiliated countries as central actors in the provision of marine genetic research. We introduce a dataset of 23,417 marine genetic studies and trace patent references to these studies. Our analysis reveals that molecular biological research, oftentimes on bacterial species, attracts the most patenting interest. Some countries own relatively more patents than they provide in science, with the U.S. benefiting the most from available research. Science by G77 researchers has seen limited uptake in patents. These findings aim to inform international biodiversity regimes, such as the UN treaty on Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ), on how to more equitably distribute marine genetic resources’ economic, socio-cultural, and ecological benefits.
The association of fructose and fiber consumption and physical activity with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children and adolescents: A cross-sectional study
Authors: Akhgarjand Camellia , Entezarian Mahdieh , Samavat Simin , Tavakoli Aryan , Anoushirvani Aliarash , Asghari Golaleh , Yusbashian Emad , Dehghan Pooneh , mirmiran Parvin , Imani Hossein 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging as the most common liver disease in overweight and obese children. Studies have shown no cure for NAFLD, but some researchers have found that dietary and lifestyle changes can improve this condition. Some evidence focuses on the role of carbohydrates especially fructose in NAFLD. Consuming too much fructose leads to de-novo lipogenesis, which causes insulin resistance, especially in overweight and obese people. A
Methods:A total number of participants aged 6 to 13 years were included in this cross-sectional study from 2021 to 2022 and were divided into two groups NAFLD and a control. We assessed dietary intakes using a 147-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).
Results:The mean age of individuals was 9.2±1.7 and 35% had NAFLD. After multivariable adjustment based on gender, maturity status, body mass index z-score, and total daily energy intake from the diet (OR: 1.0, 95%, CI: 0.35-1.29, P=0.221), and multivariable adjustment based on the gender, maturity status, z-score of body mass index and total daily energy intake from diet, leisure time sports activity, and triglyceride (OR: 0.67, 95%, CI: 0.35-1.29, P=0.221), there was no significant differences between fructose consumption and NAFLD. A significant relation was indicated between legume fiber (P=0.03) and nut fiber (P=0.04) with NAFLD risk.
Conclusion: we could not indicate a significant association between fructose intake and NAFLD, however, due to the significant association between insulin resistance and dyslipidemia with NAFLD low intake of fructose-content foods is highly recommended in the young population.
TCEAL5 cooperates with the NuRD complex to epigenetically silence mesenchymal genes in glioma
Authors: Zhou Hanchi , Li Xue , Zhang Yirao , Zhang Qian , Zhou Xinwei , Zhang Daoyong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

The TCEAL5 gene, a member of the TCEAL family, is linked to various biological processes but remains understudied in cancer research. This study analyzed TCEAL5 expression in glioma and investigated its biological functions through cell assays and molecular analyses. Our findings revealed a significant reduction in TCEAL5 expression in glioma tissues, with lower expression levels correlating with higher histologic grades and poorer prognosis. Further experimental investigations demonstrated that ectopic overexpression of TCEAL5 in glioma cell lines significantly inhibited cell migration and invasion. Mechanistic studies indicated that TCEAL5 exerts its inhibitory effects on EMT by directly binding to the promoters of mesenchymal genes. Additionally, TCEAL5 was found to interact with the NuRD complex, leading to transcriptional repression of mesenchymal genes via epigenetic modulation. These findings highlight the multifaceted role of TCEAL5 as a tumor suppressor in glioma, suggesting its potential as a prognostic biomarker and a target for therapeutic intervention. Our study not only adds to the understanding of TCEAL5's biological functions but also opens new avenues for research into its application in cancer therapy.
Incidence and risk factors of de novo Hepatitis E virus infection after receiving liver transplantation
Authors: He Ping , Li Jialei , Wang Chen , Zhang Jiayue , Jiang Yiyun , Liu Hongyang , Gao Yinjie , Wang YiJin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background/Aims:
Organ transplant recipients with hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection bears high risk to develop chronic hepatitis, which is generally associated with immunosuppressive therapies. This study aimed to identify the incidence and predictors of de novo HEV infection in patients after receiving transplantation.
Methods
We performed a large retrospective study to investigate the prevalence of anti-HEV at baseline, incidence of de novo HEV infection after transplantation, and the risk factors of HEV infection among patients with liver transplant in China. A total of 407 liver transplant recipients were examined for the presence of anti-HEV immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM antibodies, and HEV RNA in serum. Basal indexes in individuals with evidence of post-transplant HEV infection were compared with those without evidence of that, and risk factors associated with HEV infection were assessed.
Results
The prevalence of anti-HEV at pre-transplant in liver transplant recipients was 25.8% (105/407). Serum-negative conversion occurred in 34 (32.38%) of 105 liver transplant patients. Sixty-five out of 302 patients had de novo HEV infection after transplantation, with a cumulative incidence of 42.74% during follow-up. After transplantation, HEV infection was associated with liver failure (P = 0.012), hypoproteinemia (P = 0.030) and higher level of r-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (P = 0.022) before transplantation. Graft rejection (OR 0.075; P = 0.045) was negatively associated with serum-negative conversion in patients who had positive anti-HEV antibody before transplantation.
Conclusions
The incidence of de novo HEV infection after transplantation were higher in China. Liver failure, hypoproteinemia, and GGT elevation may be associated with HEV infection after liver transplantation. This study suggests that prevention and control of HEV infection after liver transplantation should be paid attention in patients bearing these risk factors.
The Effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on Cognitive Flexibility in Children with Specific Learning Disorders
Authors: Hakimirad Elham , mojaver shirin , kabirmokhtar negin , amiabadi zahra 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Children with specific learning disabilities exhibit lower cognitive flexibility compared to typically developing children. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (TDCS) on Cognitive Flexibility of children with learning disabilities in Tehran. A semi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and control group study was conducted. The study population consisted of all students with Specific Learning Disorders in Tehran during the academic year 2022-2023. A total of 30 students, aged from 7 to 12, were selected as the sample group using the purposeful sampling method. We randomly divided the participants into two control and experimental groups (n = 15 each). The research tool was the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. The experimental group underwent a stimulation protocol involving a weak direct current. The protocol consisted of 10 sessions, with the initial five sessions utilizing a low intensity of 1mA, followed by a slight increase to 1.5mA for the remaining five sessions. The anode electrode, measuring 5 x 5 cm, was inserted in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) at the F3 location, while the cathode electrode, also measuring 5 x 5 cm, was placed on the right ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) at the Fp2 location. Each session lasted for 20 minutes. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) and independent t-tests. The results showed that TDCS has been effective in Cognitive Flexibility.
Bacterial community response in Juye mining area at the early stage of cracks
Authors: Guo Chunying , Lu Shougan , Wang Hui , Xiao Xin , Qian Ruoxi , Xiao Yu 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Due to the sensitivity of microorganisms to the environment, microorganisms with strong tolerance in the early stage of coal mining collapse will gradually move to a dominant position, and plants can improve soil quality and provide important carbon sources for microorganisms. The soil characteristics and the response of soil bacteria in the early cracks during 15 ~ 20 days of mining were studied. Compared with non-cracked farmland group (C), soil bulk density in cracked farmland group (F) increased significantly in the early stage of coal mining,while porosity was on the contrary (p < 0.05). The mineral elements (except Ca and Na) in F were significantly lower than those in cracked abandoned land group (A).The abundance of the microbial community might be more closely related to crop planting, while the evenness of the microbial community was more affected by cracks. Coal mining cracks make Proteobacteria enrich significantly, while crop planting is conducive to the enrichment of RB41 and Pir4_lineage. Soil moisture content and AN were significantly negatively correlated with the relative abundance, while pH was significantly positively correlated with it. Planctomycetes and Bacteroidetes, which were significantly enriched in the non-crack area, were significantly positively correlated with AP, while Thaumarchaeot was significantly positively correlated with Eh. The study provided a basis for improving the low ecological environment damage mining technology.
Sacroiliac CT findings in patients with skin psoriasis: a retrospective observational study
Authors: Leriche Thomas , Fakih Olivier , Aubin François , Chouk Mickaël , Prati Clément , Wendling Daniel , Verhoeven Frank 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To describe CT characteristics of sacro-iliac joints (SIJs) in patients with psoriasis (PsO) without rheumatological manifestations, and compare them with controls of the same age and sex.
Methods
A monocentric, retrospective, observational study was conducted using the medical records of the rheumatology and dermatology departments of the Tertiary medical center in France . We included patients with psoriasis, without rheumatological manifestations, who realized CT scan including the SIJs. Each patient was matched with an aged and sex-matched control who had performed CT scan for rheumatological reason. CT-scan slices were interpreted by two independent rheumatologists, a resident and an expert, using a modifyed score. Joint space narrowing (JSN), erosions, sclerosis, intra-articular gas were scored.
Results
60 patients and 57controls were included. Global SIJs score was higher in the PsO group (6,63 ± 10,7) than in the control group (2,84 ± 4,87). Erosion and sclerosis did not differ between groups, however joint space narrowing score was higher in the PsO group (versus 4.15 (±10.8) versus 0.873 (±4.62) p =0.035). There were no correlations between the global score and the disease duration and the severity of the psoriasis. The number of gestation, active smoking, alcohol intake and physical work had no impact on the global score.
Conclusion
The CT characteristics of SIJ from patients with PsO were different to those of age and sex-matched controls essentially secondary to joint space narrowing.
Estimating Consumption Function for Central Asian countries: New Insights
Authors: Khan Muhammad Adnan , Khan Muhammad Azam , Tariq Muhammad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Consumption is a significant part of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) that is influenced by income as argued by Keynes and Friedman. This paper empirically estimates the consumption function for four Central Asian economies (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan) from 1993 to 2020. The empirical results reveal that income has a significant positive effect on consumption in the short and long run. The short-run results support the Keynesian Absolute Income Hypothesis, whereas, the long-run results support Milton Friedman’s Permanent Income Hypothesis. However, the coefficient value is greater than 1 in the case of Uzbekistan which is in contradiction with the consumption function, as Keynes argued that the marginal propensity to consume (MPC) value lies between 0 and 1 (0 < MPC > 1). The key finding of the study is, that in the case of Central Asian countries, the marginal propensity of consumption does not lie in the range proposed by Keynes and does not support the Absolute Income Hypothesis. In this regard, policies are required to increase savings and investment and keep consumption expenditures at optimal levels. These policy measures will contribute more effectively to boosting the economic growth of these economies.
Formation of the UV-C protection shield in cyanobacterium Nostoc; investigating the photoprotective compounds, expression of biosynthesis genes and molecular interactions
Authors: Irankhahi Pardis , Riahi Hossein , Hassani Seyedeh batool , Eskafi Maryam , Irani Maryam Azimzadeh , Shariatmadari Zeinab 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Cyanobacteria have special defense mechanisms to protect themselves against ultraviolet (UV) radiation. This study combines experimental and computational methods to identify the role of protective strategies in Nostoc species against UV-C radiation. To achieve this goal, various species of the genus Nostoc from diverse natural habitats in Iran were exposed to artificial UV-C radiation. The results indicated that UV-C treatment significantly reduced the photosynthetic pigments while simultaneously increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Notably, N. sphaericum ISB97 and Nostoc sp. ISB99, the brown Nostoc species isolated from habitats with high solar radiations, exhibited greater resistance compared to the green-colored species. Additionally, an increase in scytonemin content occurred with a high expression of key genes associated with its synthesis (scyF and scyD) during the later stages of UV-C exposure in these species. The molecular docking of scytonemin with lipopolysaccharides of the cyanobacteria that mainly cover the extracellular matrix, revealed the top/side positioning of scytonemin on the glycans of these lipopolysaccharides to form a UV protective shield. These findings pave the way for exploring the molecular effects of scytonemin in forming the UV protection shield in cyanobacteria, an aspect that has been ambiguous until now.
Allometric equations and height-diameter models for estimating above-and below-ground biomass of Colophospermum mopane J.Léonard. in Mozambique
Authors: Lisboa Sá Nogueira , Macôo Severino , Sitoe Almeida 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

This study aimed to develop species-specific biomass allometric equations (BAE) for the estimation of above-ground biomass (AGB) and below-ground biomass (BGB) of Colophospermum mopane, J.Léonard species in Mozambique and to evaluate the feasibility of including total height estimated by the height-diameter (H-D) model in the equations to improve the accuracy of biomass estimation. We applied a destructive method and felled 120 trees of C. mopane in Mabalane and Tambara districts. We measured breast height diameter, total height (H), and dry weight of each component (roots, stem, branches, and leaves). We fitted three BAE and fifteen H-D models using OLS and non-linear least squares regression. A validation procedure checked all models for applicability. We conducted a forest inventory using 78 temporary clusters, each consisting of four plots measuring 100 m x 20 m, to estimate the average AGB and BGB of C. mopane using the best-fitting BAE and H-D model. We also compared the best BAE of C. mopane with existing, locally developed species-specific BAEs. The study found that the model, including the interaction of D2 and H, performed better than the model with separate D and H variables. However, models including D and H performed similarly to models with D alone. The Power model and HossfeldIV performed best among the models with 2 and 3 parameters, respectively. Integrating the H-D model into the BAE for AGB and estimation can improve the efficiency and reliability of biomass estimation and stand volume by forest inventory data. Overall, this research is timely as there is an urgent need to improve the assessment of biomass and carbon emissions in mopane woodland (MW) in southern Africa, given their spatial extent, and to support climate goals and the sustainable management of these ecosystems.
Measuring the Dunkelflaute: How (not) to analyze variable renewable energy shortage
Authors: Kittel Martin , Schill Wolf-Peter 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

As variable renewable energy sources increasingly gain importance in global energy systems, there is a growing interest in understanding periods of variable renewable energy shortage (''Dunkelflauten''). Defining, quantifying, and comparing such shortage events across different renewable generation technologies and locations presents a surprisingly intricate challenge. Various approaches exist in different bodies of literature, such as hydrology, wind and solar energy analysis, or energy system modeling. The subject of interest in previous analyses ranges from single technologies in specific locations to diverse technology portfolios across multiple regions, focusing either on supply from variable renewables or its mismatch with electricity demand. We provide an overview of methods for quantifying variable renewable energy shortage. We explain and critically discuss the merits and challenges of different approaches for defining and identifying shortage events and propose further methodological improvements for more accurate shortage determination. Additionally, we elaborate on comparability requirements for multi-technological and multi-regional energy shortage analysis. In doing so, we aim to contribute to unifying disparate methodologies, harmonizing terminologies, and providing guidance for future research.
Unprecedented TPE-Embedded Butterfly Bis-Crown Ether with Controllable Conformation and Supramolecular Chiroptical Property
Authors: Hu Xiao-Yu , Tian Xueqi , Zuo Minzan , Shen Yuhong , Mao Ni , Wang Kaiya , Sheng Yanshan , Velmurugan Krishnasamy , Jiao Jianmin 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Understanding how subtle structural differences between macrocyclic conformational isomers impact their properties and separation has garnered increasing attention in the field of supramolecular synthetic chemistry. In this work, a series of tetraphenylene (TPE)-embedded butterfly bis-crown ether macrocycles (BCE[n], n = 4-7), comprising two crown ether side rings and a TPE core, were synthesized through intramolecular McMurry coupling. Unexpectedly, the presence of flexible oligoethylene chains with varying lengths were found to influence molecular conformation via intramolecular interactions, resulting in the formation of two stabilized conformers with specific semi-rigid symmetric/asymmetric structures (sym-BCE[n] and asym-BCE[n], n = 5, 6). Moreover, it is noteworthy that neither symmetric nor asymmetric conformers are present in the more rigid BCE[4] or the more flexible BCE[7]. Interestingly, these conformers display distinct fluorescence properties and host-guest binding abilities, and only sym-BCE[5] can serve as a host for chiral polymer binding, resulting in the formation of chiral supramolecular assemblies through host-guest interaction induced chirality. Moreover, both circular dichroism (CD) and circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signals of the obtained assemblies could be switched off by the addition of sodium ion (Na+), suggesting potential applications in the field of dynamic chiral materials.