bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Severity Identification of Graves Orbitopathy via Random Forest
Algorithm
Authors: Wang Minghui , Li Gongfei , Dong Li , Hou Zhijia , Zhang Ju , Li Dongmei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study aims to establish a random forest model for detecting the severity of
Graves Orbitopathy (GO) and identify significant classification factors. This is
a hospital-based study of 199 patients with GO that were collected between
December 2019 and February 2022. Clinical information was collected from medical
records. The severity of GO can be categorized as mild, moderate-to-severe, and
sight-threatening GO based on guidelines of the European Group on Graves’
orbitopathy. A random forest model was constructed according to the risk factors
of GO and the main ocular symptoms of patients to differentiate mild GO from
severe GO and finally was compared with logistic regression analysis, Support
Vector Machine (SVM), and Naive Bayes. A random forest model with 15 variables
was constructed. Blurred vision, disease course, thyroid-stimulating hormone
receptor antibodies, and age ranked high both in mini-decreased gini and mini
decrease accuracy. The accuracy, positive predictive value, negative predictive
value, and the F1 Score of the random forest model are 0.83, 0.82, 0.86, and
0.82, respectively. Compared to the three other models, our random forest model
showed a more reliable performance based on AUC (0.85 vs. 0.83 vs. 0.80 vs.
0.76) and accuracy (0.83 vs. 0.78 vs. 0.77 vs. 0.70). In conclusion, this study
shows the potential for applying a random forest model as a complementary tool
to differentiate GO severity.
Standardization of Emergency Department Clinical Note Templates: A Retrospective Analysis across an Integrated Health System
Authors: Evans Christopher S. , Bunn Barry , Reeder Timothy , Patterson Leigh , Gertsch Dustin , Medford Richard J. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Background and Objective Clinical documentation is essential for conveying medical decision-making, communication between providers and patients, and capturing quality, billing, and regulatory measures during emergency department (ED) visits. Growing evidence suggests the benefits of note template standardization; however, variations in documentation practices are common. The primary objective of this study is to measure the utilization and coding performance of a standardized ED note template implemented across a nine-hospital health system.
Methods This was a retrospective study before and after the implementation of a standardized ED note template. A multi-disciplinary group consensus was built around standardized note elements, provider note workflows within the electronic health record (EHR), and how to incorporate newly required medical decision-making elements. The primary outcomes measured included the proportion of ED visits using standardized note templates, and the distribution of billing codes in the 6 months before and after implementation.
Results In the preimplementation period, a total of six legacy ED note templates were being used across nine EDs, with the most used template accounting for approximately 36% of ED visits. Marked variations in documentation elements were noted across six legacy templates. After the implementation, 82% of ED visits system-wide used a single standardized note template. Following implementation, we observed a 1% increase in the proportion of ED visits coded as highest acuity and an unchanged proportion coded as second highest acuity.
Conclusion We observed a greater than twofold increase in the use of a standardized ED note template across a nine-hospital health system in anticipation of the new 2023 coding guidelines. The development and utilization of a standardized note template format relied heavily on multi-disciplinary stakeholder engagement to inform design that worked for varied documentation practices within the EHR. After the implementation of a standardized note template, we observed better-than-anticipated coding performance.
Hypoalgesia and Conditioned Pain Modulation in Blood Flow Restriction
Resistance Exercise
Authors: Yang Jinghui , Rolnick Nicholas , Merriwether Ericka , Rao Smita 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe compared the magnitude of exercise-induced hypoalgesia and conditioned pain
modulation between blood-flow restriction (BFR) resistance exercise (RE) and
moderate-intensity RE. Twenty-five asymptomatic participants performed
unilateral leg press in two visits. For moderate-intensity RE, subjects
exercised at 50% 1RM without BFR, whereas BFR RE exercised at 30% 1RM with a
cuff inflated to 60% limb occlusion pressure. Exercise-induced hypoalgesia was
quantified by pressure pain threshold changes before and after RE. Conditioned
pain modulation was tested using cold water as the conditioning stimulus and
mechanical pressure as the test stimulus and quantified as pressure pain
threshold change. Difference in conditioned pain modulation pre- to post-RE was
then calculated. The differences of RE on pain modulations were compared using
paired t-tests. Pearson’s r was used to examine the correlation between
exercise-induced hypoalgesia and changes in conditioned pain modulation. We
found greater hypoalgesia with BFR RE compared to moderate-intensity RE
(p=0.008). Significant moderate correlations were found between exercise-induced
hypoalgesia and changes in conditioned pain modulation (BFR: r=0.63,
moderate-intensity: r=0.72). BFR RE has favorable effects on pain modulation in
healthy adults and the magnitude of exercise-induced hypoalgesia is positively
correlated with conditioned pain modulation activation.
Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Intramolecular Allylic Substitution Reaction of Allylic Alcohols: A Facile Synthesis of 2-Vinylchromans
Authors: Ding Chang-Hua , Xu Bin , Li Yun-Fan , Xi Yu-Ting , Hu Kai-Ji , Tan Qitao 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBrønsted acid catalyzed intramolecular allylic substitution reaction of secondary and tertiary allylic alcohols has been developed. A variety of 2-vinylchromans were efficiently prepared in moderate to excellent yields. The given method features wide substrate scope, operational simplicity, and mild, metal-free reaction conditions. The practicability of the method was demonstrated by a gram-scale reaction and further derivations of the product. Preliminarily studies on a catalytic asymmetric reaction were also undertaken.
Expedient Synthesis of gem-CF2-2H-Thiophenes from Enaminothiones
Authors: Zhang Zhengyu , Jiang Yaojia , Zhang Xinyu , Zhang Xuheng , Fu Rui 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAn expedient and easy-to-handle synthetic platform has been established for the constructing of 2H-thiophenes carrying fluorine atoms through [4+1] cyclization of enaminothiones with fluorinated carbene precursors. This simple reaction system is well compatible with a wide range of substrates under completely metal-free conditions. The resulting 2H-thiophenes can undergo further late-stage modifications to yield a wide range of fluorine-substituted heterocycles.
Contemporary Treatment of Microtia–Atresia
Authors: Romo Thomas , Horne Sylvia , Ferzli George 
Published: April 2024

AbstractMicrotia–atresia is a congenital deformity affecting the external ear and ear canal that can present with varying degrees of severity and morbidity. Treatment occurs along a spectrum and primarily centers on improving aesthetic appearance. Many cases of microtia will not be effectively treated with conservative measures and will require some form of reconstruction. There are several options available, including porous polyethylene implants, autologous rib grafting, and autologous chondrocyte frameworks. Equally significant is the treatment of hearing loss, as many patients with microtia–atresia will have a component of conductive hearing loss. This article aims to comprehensively review contemporary treatment modalities for microtia–atresia and discuss the advantages, disadvantages, and practicality of each. Treatment and reconstruction often take a multidisciplinary and multistaged approach to achieve optimal results, with ideal management determined by each patient's individualized needs.
Signaling to creditors and voters: the determinants of national fiscal rules
Authors: Aaskoven Lasse 
Published: April 2024

AbstractFiscal rules are spreading fast among countries. However, why and when governments enact fiscal rules and strengthen their national fiscal legal frameworks are less well understood. This article argues that governments use fiscal rules to signal commitment to fiscal prudence to both creditors and national voters. It investigates this theoretical argument empirically by using a worldwide panel of countries from 1985 to 2015. The empirical analyses find robust evidence that fiscal rules enactment becomes more likely, and that fiscal rules stringency increases when government debt is high and in election years but less evidence that being under an IMF program increases the strength of fiscal rules.
Philosophical practice and its development in China: opportunities and challenges
Authors: Ding Xiaojun , Xie Caifeng , Yu Feng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis paper examines the application and evolution of philosophical practice in China, which employs philosophical principles and methods to facilitate insights and address life’s complexities. We aim to bridge the knowledge gap regarding the trajectory and contemporary landscape of China’s philosophical practice and its impact on individual and societal flourishing. Guided by the research question, “How has philosophical practice evolved in China, and what are its challenges and future prospects?” this study adopts a qualitative research methodology, including a literature review, historical analysis, and case studies from Chinese philosophical communities. Findings indicate a burgeoning growth of philosophical practice in China, with traditional Chinese philosophies being adapted to provide practical guidance for contemporary issues. The spread of philosophical practice communities across China reflects a growing embrace of these practices. This paper outlines the hurdles and prospects for philosophical practice, pinpointing opportunities for further research and cross-cultural engagement. The insights furnished by this study offer a framework for scholars, practitioners, and policymakers to enhance philosophical practice’s role in personal growth and societal well-being, both within China and internationally.
AI technologies affording the orchestration of ecosystem-based business models: the moderating role of AI knowledge spillover
Authors: Chin Tachia , Ghouri Muhammad Waleed Ayub , Jin Jiyang , Deveci Muhammet 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDue to the extraordinary capacity of artificial intelligence (AI) to process rich information from various sources, an increasing number of enterprises are using AI for the development of ecosystem-based business models (EBMs) that require better orchestration of multiple stakeholders for a dynamic, sustainable balance among people, plant, and profit. However, given the nascency of relevant issues, there exists scarce empirical evidence. To fill this gap, this research follows the affordance perspective, considering AI technology as an object and the EBM as a use context, thereby exploring how and whether AI technologies afford the orchestration of EBMs. Based on data from Chinese A-share listed companies between the period from 2014 to 2021, our findings show an inverted U-shape quadratic relationship between AI and EBM, moderated by knowledge spillover. Our results enhance the understanding of the role of AI in configuring EBMs, thus providing novel insights into the mechanisms between AI and a specific business practice with societal concerns (i.e., EBM).
Symmetry breaking and self-interaction correction in the chromium atom and dimer
Authors: Maniar Rohan , Withanage Kushantha P. K. , Shahi Chandra , Kaplan Aaron D. , Perdew John P. , Pederson Mark R. 
Published: April 2024

Density functional approximations to the exchange–correlation energy can often identify strongly correlated systems and estimate their energetics through energy-minimizing symmetry-breaking. In particular, the binding energy curve of the strongly correlated chromium dimer is described qualitatively by the local spin density approximation (LSDA) and almost quantitatively by the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof generalized gradient approximation (PBE-GGA), where the symmetry breaking is antiferromagnetic for both. Here, we show that a full Perdew–Zunger self-interaction-correction (SIC) to LSDA seems to go too far by creating an unphysical symmetry-broken state, with effectively zero magnetic moment but non-zero spin density on each atom, which lies ∼4 eV below the antiferromagnetic solution. A similar symmetry-breaking, observed in the atom, better corresponds to the 3d↑↑4s↑3d↓↓4s↓ configuration than to the standard 3d↑↑↑↑↑4s↑. For this new solution, the total energy of the dimer at its observed bond length is higher than that of the separated atoms. These results can be regarded as qualitative evidence that the SIC needs to be scaled down in many-electron regions.
Dutch compound constructions in additional language acquisition
Authors: Hendrikx Isa , Van Goethem Kristel 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Studies have demonstrated that Dutch has a much stronger tendency towards compounding than French (e.g., Du.
badkamer vs Fr. salle de bains ‘bathroom’) when adopting a restrictive approach of
compounding in which the presence of prepositions and/or internal inflection in multi-word expressions is considered evidence for
their syntactic formation. The example above illustrates that Dutch compounding differs from French in another important aspect:
while Germanic compounding is by definition right-headed, French has a general tendency towards left-hand headed compounds and
phrases. In this study, we investigate the impact of these typological differences on the acquisition of Dutch nominal compounds
by French-speaking learners in the context of multilingual Belgium. We provide an in-depth corpus analysis of the acquisition of
Dutch compounds at different levels of abstraction (schematic and substantive compound constructions). Moreover, we investigate
the impact of additional target-language input through CLIL programs (Content and Language Integrated Learning)
on the acquisition of Dutch compounds by French-speaking learners of Dutch. The results are described and interpreted from the
perspective of Diasystematic Construction Grammar (DCxG), which conceptualizes the linguistic competence of
multilingual speakers as one integrated network of constructions, containing language-specific idioconstructions
and shared diaconstructions.
Linguistic variation in two written academic sub-registers
Authors: Ansarifar Ahmad , Shahriari Hesamoddin , Staples Shelley , Ghazanfari Mohammad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The present study aims to compare abstracts written by graduate students and internationally-published authors using Biber’s (1988) Multi-Dimensional (MD) model. To this end, two corpora of abstracts (1800 texts each) from research articles (RA) published in top international Applied Linguistics journals, and theses completed in the same field were compiled. We compared the two corpora with regard to three of Biber’s (1988) dimensions: involved versus informational production; elaborated vs. situation-dependent reference; and abstract vs. non-abstract style. Our results revealed that RA abstracts and thesis abstracts are similar when compared to non-academic registers of English, but different when compared to each other. Relative to thesis abstracts, RA abstracts are more informational but less elaborated and less impersonal. Interestingly, we found that RA/thesis abstracts differ from Biber’s (1988) academic prose register along the three dimensions. Our findings can further our understanding of the differences between RA and thesis abstracts, thus contributing to the instruction of academic writing at the graduate level.
Stability estimates for an inverse boundary value problem for biharmonic operators with first order perturbation from partial data
Authors: Liu Boya 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this paper we study an inverse boundary value problem for the biharmonic operator with first order perturbation. Our geometric setting is that of a bounded simply connected domain in the Euclidean space of dimension three or higher. Assuming that the inaccessible portion of the boundary is flat, and we have knowledge of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map on the complement, we prove logarithmic type stability estimates for both the first and the zeroth order perturbation of the biharmonic operator.
Spectroscopy of the
5s5p3P0→5s5d3D1
transition of strontium using laser cooled atoms
Authors: Patel Kushal , Gakkhar Palki , Biswas Korak , Sagar Maurya S , Dutta Pranab , Lal Vishal , Mani B K , Rapol Umakant D 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This article presents spectroscopy results of the

5
s
5
p

3

P
0

→
5
s
5
d

3

D
1

transition in all isotopes of laser cooled Sr atoms and the utility of this transition for repumping application. By employing the

5
s
5
p

3

P

0

→
5
s
5
d

3

D
1

(483 nm) transition in combination with the excitation of

5
s
5
p

3

P
2

→
5
s
6
s

3

S
1

(707 nm) transition, we observe a significant increase (∼13 fold) in the steady state number of atoms in the magneto-optic trap. This enhancement is attributed to the efficient repumping of Sr atoms that have decayed into the dark

5
s
5
p

3

P
2

state by returning them to the ground state

5

s
2

1

S
0

without any loss into the other states. The absolute transition frequencies were measured with an absolute accuracy of 30 MHz. To support our measurements, we performed Fock-space relativistic coupled-cluster calculations of the relevant parameters in Sr To further increase the accuracy of the calculated properties, corrections from the Breit, quantum electrodynamical and perturbative triples were also included. The calculated branching ratio for the repumping state confirms the significantly increased population in the

3

P
1

state. Thereby, leading to an increase of population of atoms trapped due to the enhanced repumping. Our calculated hyperfine-splitting energies are in excellent agreement with the measured values. Moreover, our calculated isotope shifts in the transition frequencies are in good agreement with our measured values.
Characteristics of shock wave in 355 nm laser-induced damage growth in fused silica
Authors: Liu Hufeng , Miao Xinxiang , Wang Biyi , Wang Chenzhuo , Wu Meng , Lü Tao , Jiang Yong 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
During the 355 nm laser-induced damage growth in fused silica, the distance of shock wave propagation decreases as the irradiation number increases. The dynamic image of the damage reveals that the growth of the damage cavity region is one of the primary reasons for the variation in shock wave propagation distance and structure. The growth coefficient and the depth-to-diameter ratio of the cavity are closely related to the decrease in shock wave propagation distance. Based on the Taylor–Sedov theory, this work presents a modified scaling that couples the growth coefficient with the depth-to-diameter ratio. The calculated results are in agreement with the experiment. It is a valuable complement to the study of shockwave propagation characteristics of damage growth.
Inverse design of polymorphic reconfigurable metamaterial absorbers based on a dual-input neural network
Authors: Wang Shuqin , Ma Qiongxiong , Chen Yue , Ding Wen , Guo Jianping 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In recent years, deep learning-based design methods for metamaterial absorbers have attracted much attention; however, the problem of structural homogeneity in inverse design constrains their further development. This paper, proposes a metamaterial absorber composed of the phase change material Ge2Sb2Se4Te1 and titanium. To give the metamaterial absorber a richer structure, we divide its Ge2Sb2Se4Te1 layer and top titanium layer into 36 small squares. In a dual-input neural network-based inverse design, this means that metamaterial absorbers with more types of absorption characteristics can be designed. We utilize this approach to design a reconfigurable metamaterial absorber that exhibits a large absorption bandwidth when the Ge2Sb2Se4Te1 layer is in both the crystalline and amorphous. This absorption bandwidth covers the range of solar wavelengths available to humans. Compared with previous research methods, our method eliminates the step of finding the optimal structure. In addition, we have designed metamaterial absorbers with structural diversity and reconfigurability.
Enhanced cryogenic magnetocaloric performance and the existence of short-range magnetic correlations in frustrated diamond geometries
Authors: Kumar Jogendra , Mukherjee K 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The magnetocaloric effect in the cryogenic temperature regime has gained enormous attention due to its application in the field of cryogenic refrigeration technology, which is required for quantum computing, space sciences and basic research activities. In this context, Gd- and Dy-based frustrated systems are considered as promising cryogenic magnetocaloric materials. Hence, in this paper the magnetic and magnetocaloric properties of GdTaO4, GdNbO4 and DyNbO4 are comprehensively investigated. Structural analysis suggests that these compounds crystallize in a monoclinic structure, wherein magnetic ions form an elongated diamond geometry. Analysis of magnetization, heat capacity and field-dependent magnetic entropy changes confirms the presence of short-range magnetic correlations in these compounds. Additionally, a remarkably large magnetic entropy change and relative cooling power are noted. The mechanical efficiency is found to be comparable to (or even better than) those reported for good magnetic refrigerants. Our study suggests that GdTaO4, GdNbO4 and DyNbO4 can be regarded as promising cryogenic magnetic refrigerant materials.
Effect of non-uniform carrier injection on two-state lasing in quantum dot microdisks with split electrical contact
Authors: Karaborchev A A , Makhov I S , Shandyba N A , Chernenko N E , Solodovnik M S , Kryzhanovskaya N V , Zhukov A E 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this papaer, the emission characteristics of InAs/InGaAs quantum dot (QD) microdisk lasers, of different cavity diameters, with a top split electrical contact formed using the focused ion beam technique are investigated. The dependences of the threshold currents of two-state lasing (i.e. currents corresponding to the start of the ground- and excited-state lasing) for microdisks of 24 and 28 μm diameters on the electrical contact area are presented. The contact area was found to influence the threshold currents of two-state lasing in microdisks. It is shown that a decrease in the area of the injected electrical contact leads to a decrease in the current corresponding to the start of the excited-state lasing, while the ground-state (GS) lasing threshold remains virtually unchanged. The temperature evolution of the threshold currents for two-state lasing was also studied in microdisks with different electrical contact areas. We demonstrate that the use of contacts of different areas is a method of controlling the threshold currents of two-state lasing and can be used in engineering of QD lasers intended, for example, for multi-level signal transmission with wavelength multiplexing by switching from the GS to excited-state lasing.