bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Deep Learning for Table Detection and Structure Recognition: A Survey
Authors: Salaheldin Kasem Mahmoud , Abdallah Abdelrahman , Berendeyev Alexander , Elkady Ebrahem , Mahmoud Mohamed , Abdalla Mahmoud , Hamada Mohamed , Vascon Sebastiano , Nurseitov Daniyar , Taj-Eddin Islam 
Published: April 2024

Tables are everywhere, from scientific journals, articles, websites, and newspapers all the way to items we buy at the supermarket. Detecting them is thus of utmost importance to automatically understanding the content of a document. The performance of table detection has substantially increased thanks to the rapid development of deep learning networks. The goals of this survey are to provide a profound comprehension of the major developments in the field of Table Detection, offer insight into the different methodologies, and provide a systematic taxonomy of the different approaches. Furthermore, we provide an analysis of both classic and new applications in the field. Lastly, the datasets and source code of the existing models are organized to provide the reader with a compass on this vast literature. Finally, we go over the architecture of utilizing various object detection and table structure recognition methods to create an effective and efficient system, as well as a set of development trends to keep up with state-of-the-art algorithms and future research. We have also set up a public GitHub repository where we will be updating the most recent publications, open data, and source code. The GitHub repository is available at https://github.com/abdoelsayed2016/table-detection-structure-recognition.
Modeling Myeloma Dissemination In Vitro with hMSC-interacting Subpopulations of INA-6 Cells and Their Aggregation/Detachment Dynamics
Authors: Kuric Martin , Beck Susanne , Schneider Doris , Rindt Wyonna , Evers Marietheres , Meißner-Weigl Jutta , Zeck Sabine , Krug Melanie , Herrmann Marietta , Hartmann Tanja Nicole , Leich Ellen , Rudert Maximilian , Docheva Denitsa , Seckinger Anja , Hose Dirk , Jundt Franziska , Ebert Regina 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Multiple myeloma involves early dissemination of malignant plasma cells across the bone marrow; however, the initial steps of dissemination remain unclear. Human bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hMSC) stimulate myeloma cell expansion (e.g., IL6) and simultaneously retain myeloma cells via chemokines (e.g., CXCL12) and adhesion factors. Hence, we hypothesized that the imbalance between cell division and retention drives dissemination. We present an in vitro model using primary hMSCs cocultured with INA-6 myeloma cells. Time-lapse microscopy revealed proliferation and attachment/detachment dynamics. Separation techniques (V-well adhesion assay and well plate sandwich centrifugation) were established to isolate MSC-interacting myeloma subpopulations that were characterized by RNA sequencing, cell viability, and apoptosis. Results were correlated with gene expression data (n = 837) and survival of patients with myeloma (n = 536). On dispersed hMSCs, INA-6 saturate hMSC surface before proliferating into large homotypic aggregates, from which single cells detached completely. On confluent hMSCs, aggregates were replaced by strong heterotypic hMSC–INA-6 interactions, which modulated apoptosis time dependently. Only INA-6 daughter cells (nMA-INA6) detached from hMSCs by cell division but sustained adherence to hMSC-adhering mother cells (MA-INA6). Isolated nMA-INA6 indicated hMSC autonomy through superior viability after IL6 withdrawal and upregulation of proliferation-related genes. MA-INA6 upregulated adhesion and retention factors (CXCL12), that, intriguingly, were highly expressed in myeloma samples from patients with longer overall and progression-free survival, but their expression decreased in relapsed myeloma samples. Altogether, in vitro dissemination of INA-6 is driven by detaching daughter cells after a cycle of hMSC-(re)attachment and proliferation, involving adhesion factors that represent a bone marrow–retentive phenotype with potential clinical relevance.

Significance:
Novel methods describe in vitro dissemination of myeloma cells as detachment of daughter cells after cell division. Myeloma adhesion genes were identified that counteract in vitro detachment with potential clinical relevance.
Terapia ocupacional na atenção aos idosos com histórico de quedas e seus cuidadores no contexto hospitalar
Authors: Santos Ariane Monteiro Barbosa dos , Batista Marina Picazzio Perez , Almeida Maria Helena Morgani de , Toldrá Rosé Colom 
Published: April 2024

: Introdução: As quedas representam uma síndrome geriátrica complexa e comum, que afeta a mobilidade e funcionalidade da pessoa idosa, gera agravos a saúde e pode ocasionar óbito. Objetivo: Descrever a atenção de terapeutas ocupacionais a idosos hospitalizados com histórico de quedas e seus cuidadores. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva, retrospectiva documental de prontuários de Terapia Ocupacional de usuários acompanhados nas enfermarias de clínica médica e cirúrgica do Hospital Universitário da USP entre 2019 à 2021. Resultados e Discussão: Identificados 153 prontuários e selecionados 32, maioria mulheres, com 70 anos ou mais, casadas ou viúvas. Sete categorias temáticas correspondem às ações de Terapia Ocupacional durante a hospitalização: acolhimento enquanto estratégia assistencial, manejo das emoções e vínculos familiares, impacto da hospitalização na funcionalidade, impacto da hospitalização na cognição, educação em saúde, acolhimento familiar e preparação para a alta e orientações para seguimento após a alta. Conclusão: Constatou-se o potencial das intervenções de terapia ocupacional na funcionalidade, cognição e aspectos emocionais no idoso com histórico de quedas e a importância do acompanhamento conjunto dos cuidadores. Necessário seguimento dos cuidados em saúde após a alta hospitalar, para a prevenção de novas quedas e agravos ao idoso que impactam a rede de apoio e os serviços de saúde.
As the Nile Flows or the Camel Walks
Authors: Petros Dawit L. ,   Black Athena Collective
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Between 1884–1885, Britain requested a contingent of boatmen – “voyageurs” – from Canada to assist transport troops and supplies through the Nile's system of cataracts (rapids). The expedition's cross section of participants included Egyptians, Sudanese, roughly one hundred indigenous subjects from Canada and subjects from across Britain's empire. Primary sources authored by four participants are central to understanding how the role of travelogues and their accompanying illustrations and photographs combine with discourses of imperialism to establish a foundational framework for the discursive practice of colonialism. Two authors – Louis Jackson's Our Gaughnawagas in Egypt (1885) and James D. Deer's The Canadian Voyageurs in Egypt (1885) – were members of the Mohawk community of Kahnawake near Montreal, Quebec. This visual essay is interested in the way in which indigeneity is produced through contact and exchange under conditions of imperial conquest. It intersperses maps, historical illustrations, photographs, fragments of musical transcription texts and travelogues that were produced in Canada, Britain, Egypt, and Sudan during the 19th and 20th centuries.
Dimensions of early life adversity and their associations with functional brain organisation
Authors: Vedechkina Maria , Astle Duncan E. , Holmes Joni 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Early life adversity is associated with differences in brain function and an elevated risk for poor mental health. Using data from children aged 10 (N = 5,798) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) cohort, we investigated how adversity relates to functional brain organisation using a network neuroscience approach. We derived four data-driven categories of adversity by fitting a mixed graphical model: household/community instability, physical/sexual abuse, parental neglect, and financial difficulties. Analyses revealed that multiple forms of adversity were associated with reduced clustering and increased assortativity across the entire brain and that these local measures of organisation captured greater adversity-related variance than mesoscale measures like modularity. The most pronounced effects were in the somatosensory and subcortical networks. Financial difficulties showed the strongest and most widespread associations with brain organisation, with evidence of a mediating effect of assortativity on the association between financial difficulties and internalising symptoms. Adding race as a covariate attenuated most brain-adversity relationships, suggesting that experiences of adversity are strongly related to race/ethnicity in the ABCD sample. These results demonstrate that different forms of adversity are associated with both shared and unique variations in functional brain organisation, highlighting its potential significance for explaining individual differences in mental health outcomes following early life adversity.
Assessment of white matter microstructure integrity in subacute postconcussive vestibular dysfunction using NODDI
Authors: Behnke Joseph A. , Ahluwalia Vishwadeep , Smith Jeremy L. , Risk Benjamin B. , Lin Jianna , Gore Russell K. , Allen Jason W. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Vestibular symptoms, such as dizziness and balance impairment, are frequently reported following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and are associated with a protracted recovery, yet the underlying neuroanatomical substrates remain unclear. The present study utilized advanced diffusion MRI (dMRI) techniques including both conventional diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) to investigate microstructural white matter integrity in individuals with postconcussive vestibular dysfunction (PCVD) within the subacute injury period (median of 35 days from injury; IQR of 23). Study participants included 23 individuals with subacute PCVD and 37 healthy control subjects who underwent imaging and comprehensive clinical vestibular testing. Between-group voxelwise analysis of differences in white matter revealed areas of higher intra-neurite volume fraction (VIn) and isotropic volume fraction (VIso) within PCVD subjects compared to controls, which involved overlapping regions within the left hemisphere of the brain. Affected areas of higher VIn and VIso included the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF) and superior and posterior corona radiata (SCR and PCR, respectively). We examined the relationship between clinical vestibular measures and diffusion metrics including DTI (fractional anisotropy [FA], mean diffusivity [MD], radial diffusivity [RD] and axial diffusivity [AD]) and NODDI (intraneurite volume fraction [VIn], isotropic volume fraction [VIso], dispersion anisotropy [DA], orientation dispersion indexTotal/Primary/Secondary [ODIT/P/S]) within 32 regions-of-interest. Clinical vestibular measures included self-reported measures, including the Dizziness Handicap Inventory, Visual Vertigo Analog Scale, and Vestibular/Ocular-Motor Screening, as well as objective vestibular testing using the sensory organization test. Significant correlations were found with clinical measures across all diffusion maps (except DA), within various regions of interest (ROIs), including SLF, SCR, and PCR. These results implicate several important association bundles that may potentiate sensory processing dysfunction related to PCVD. Whether these neuroanatomical differences found within the subacute phase of PCVD are in response to injury or represent preexisting structural variations that increase vulnerability to sensory processing dysfunction is unclear and remains an active area of study.
An Analytical Model for Tropical Cyclone Outer-Size Expansion on the f Plane
Authors: Wang Danyang , Chavas Daniel R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Tropical cyclones are known to expand to an equilibrium size on the f plane, but the expansion process is not understood. In this study, an analytical model for tropical cyclone outer-size expansion on the f plane is proposed. Conceptually, the storm expands because the imbalance between latent heating and radiative cooling drives a lateral inflow that imports absolute vorticity. Volume-integrated latent heating increases more slowly with size than radiative cooling, and hence, the storm expands toward an equilibrium size. The predicted expansion rate is given by the ratio of the difference in size from its equilibrium value rt,eq to an environmentally determined time scale τrt of 10–15 days. The model is fully predictive if given a constant rt,eq, which can also be estimated environmentally. The model successfully captures the first-order size evolution across a range of numerical simulation experiments in which the potential intensity and f are varied. The model predictions of the dependencies of lateral inflow velocity and expansion rate on latent heating rate are also compared well with numerical simulations. This model provides a useful foundation for understanding storm size dynamics in nature.
The Violent Tornado on 24 June 2021 in Czechia: Damage Survey, Societal Impacts, and Lessons Learned
Authors: Púčik Tomáš , Rýva David , Staněk Miloslav , Šinger Miroslav , Groenemeijer Pieter , Pistotnik Georg , Kaltenberger Rainer , Zich Miloš , Koláček Jan , Holzer Alois 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A violent tornado occurred in Czechia on 24 June 2021, killing six and causing at least 576 injuries. There were more indirect than direct injuries. The tornado was rated 4 on the international Fujita scale (IF4) using a draft version of the IF scale. This was the first violent tornado in Czechia and one of only 17 violent, i.e., (I)F4 or higher, tornadoes that occurred in Europe since 1950. The tornado reached a width of 3.5 km, the widest on record in Europe. The case presents an important opportunity to investigate the impacts of such a strong tornado in the area, where they are rare, no tornado warnings are issued, and where the building standards are different from the typically investigated tornadoes in the United States. We discuss challenges in organizing the damage survey, which took 3 days and involved meteorologists from three countries. A wind damage survey guide to aid mitigating these was written by the European Severe Storms Laboratory and initiated the development of a wind damage surveying app. The damage survey showed that most of the inhabited buildings built using heavy masonry and rigid ceilings did not collapse in IF2/3 winds, but only with IF4 winds. Eyewitness reports collected after the tornado show that many people were not aware of the risk associated with the tornado. Eventually, most people tried to shelter in the most secure part of the house, but it was often too late. This case highlights the need for better communication of tornado risk to the public in Europe.
A Single Hospital-Wide Antibiogram is Insufficient to Account for Differences in Antibiotic Resistance Patterns Across Multiple ICUs
Authors: Blackley Shem K. , Lawrence Jay , Blevins Addison , Howell Caroline , Butts Charles C. , Polite Nathan M. , Capasso Thomas J. , Bright Andrew C. , Hall Kayla A. , Haiflich Andrew N. , Williams Ashley Y. , Kinnard Christopher M. , Mbaka Maryann I. , Audia Jonathon P. , Simmons Jon D. , Lee Yannleei L. 
Published: April 2024

Background Infection is a common cause of mortality within intensive care units (ICUs). Antibiotic resistance patterns and culture data are used to create antibiograms. Knowledge of antibiograms facilitates guiding empiric therapies and reduces mortality. Most major hospitals utilize data collection to create hospital-wide antibiograms. Previous studies have shown significant differences in susceptibility patterns between hospital wards and ICUs. We hypothesize that institutional or combined ICU antibiograms are inadequate to account for differences in susceptibility for patients in individual ICUs. Methods Culture and susceptibility data were reviewed over a 1-year period for 13 bacteria in the following ICUs: Surgical/Trauma, Medical, Neuroscience, Burn, and Emergency department. Antibiotic management decisions are made by individual teams. Results Nine species had sufficient data for inclusion into an All-ICU antibiogram. E coli and S aureus were the most common isolates. Seven species had significant differences in susceptibility patterns between ICUs. E cloacae showed higher rates of resistance to multiple antibiotics in the STICU than other ICUs. P aeruginosa susceptibility rates in the NSICU and BICU were 88% and 92%, respectively, compared to 60% and 55% in the STICU and MICU. Cephalosporins and Aztreonam had reduced efficacy against E coli in the NSICU, however remain effective in other ICUs. Conclusions The results of this study show that different ICUs do have variability in antibiotic susceptibility patterns within a single hospital. While this only represents a single institution, it shows that the use of hospital-wide antibiograms is inadequate for creating empiric antibiotic protocols within individual ICUs.
Rumination and Gender in the Relation Between Perceived Threat and State Anxiety During COVID-19
Authors: Knauft Katherine M. , Hayatbini Niki , Wilensky Seth M. , Kalia Vrinda 
Published: April 2024

Objectives Perception of and subsequent responses to counter threats by disease, such as COVID-19, are essential for engagement in self-protective behaviors. But, associated increases in anxiety that accompany the threat of disease may negatively impact well-being. Therefore, identifying variables that may modulate the association between perceived threat from COVID-19 and anxiety is important. We conducted a study to examine the moderating roles of two subtypes of rumination (brooding and reflection) in the association between perceived threat from COVID-19 and state anxiety. Additionally, as both COVID-19 outcomes and the tendency to ruminate differ across genders, we explored gender as a second moderator. Methods Participants ( N = 300; Men = 144) were recruited online in April 2020 and completed measures of state anxiety, brooding and reflective rumination, and perceived threat from COVID-19. Results Moderation regression analyses revealed that perceived threat and brooding were independently associated with increased state anxiety. Reflective rumination and gender, however, significantly moderated the relation between perceived threat and state anxiety. For men, reflective rumination strengthened the association between threat and anxiety. For women, reflective rumination weakened this association; women with the highest scores in reflective rumination also reported high state anxiety at low, medium, and high perceived threat levels. Conclusions These findings illuminate gender differences in the relations between perceived threat, rumination, and experienced state anxiety during the pandemic.
Considering belimumab during pregnancy: A more viable option over time
Authors: Vela-Casasempere Paloma , Caño Alameda Rocío , Gómez Sabater Silvia , Cortell Aznar Silvia , Pérez Pascual Encarnación 
Published: April 2024

Objective To share our experience with belimumab in lupus pregnant women and to review the relevant published literature on its use in this scenario. Methods A prospective observational study of pregnant patients with lupus was conducted. Additionally, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases were searched, and a secondary hand search of the literature was performed. Studies were evaluated and visualised descriptively. Results Sixteen pregnancies of 12 lupus women were included, six (involving eight pregnancies) received belimumab throughout their illness, five of them during some period of gestation. In this group, there was one miscarriage, one elective termination and seven live foetuses (including two live twins). There was one type I intrauterine growth retardation, and a preterm pregnancy due to premature rupture of membranes (PPROM). One mild lupus flare was detected. There were no cases of pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus or hypertension. All neonates had normal Apgar scores at birth, none needed critical care. There were no congenital anomalies. After the search, we identified 10 case reports and case series, and five registries. Among the 39 reported cases (41 pregnancies), there were 5 PPROM, 4 pre-eclampsia, and 1 eclampsia. All women made full recoveries. Nineteen new-borns had low birth weight. There were no malformations. While registries did not indicate an increased risk of birth defects or pregnancy loss, there was a higher risk of neonatal infections. Conclusions Belimumab may be an option for pregnant women with difficult-to-control lupus. Further research is needed to confirm the absence of association between belimumab and foetal harm.
Kangaroo Mother Care Practices in Tertiary Care NICUs Across India: A Cross-sectional Questionnaire-based Survey
Authors: Rao Kodhati Kirthana , RR Prashanth , Vamsi Krishna V. , Nanavati Ruchi 
Published: April 2024

Background KMC is a global standard for LBW and preterm neonates, supported by evidence for reducing morbidities and mortality. Integrated into India’s Newborn Action Plan since 2014, aiming for single-digit neonatal mortality by 2030, KMC practices in India have not reached the optimal levels. Hence, we attempted to study the KMC practices in tertiary care NICUs across India. Methods A cross-sectional online national survey among neonatologists in level III NICUs in India was conducted. Utilizing Google Forms and a structured questionnaire of 30 questions on KMC, one respondent per unit participated. Results Of the 110 NICUs invited to participate, a total of 52 units responded (47.3%). All units have a written KMC policy and conventionally provide KMC to neonates with BW < 2000 g, while 36.5% units provide KMC for neonates with BW between 2000 and 2500 g. Though 86.5% of NICUs provide KMC to infants on respiratory support, only 13.5% practice KMC for mechanically ventilated neonates. The time to initiate KMC within 48–72 hours is prevalent in 44.2% of NICUs, with 54% of NICUs providing an average KMC duration of 4–8 hours/day. A significantly lower percentage of NICUs (28.9%) have a KMC follow-up program. Conclusion The study highlights the need to boost the ongoing KMC training programs for HCWs to increase the coverage of KMC for LBWs and sick preterm neonates. This includes requiring more uniform and structured KMC practices across the country, especially upscaling of infrastructure, earlier initiation and longer duration of KMC, better monitoring of neonates in KMC, and strengthening the follow-up program.