bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Speckled pattern antinuclear antibodies resembling anticentromere antibodies
Authors: Fritzler Marvin J. , Valencia Don W. , Mccarty Gale A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo distinct nuclear antigens, designated NSpI and NSpII, have been characterized and differentiated from the centromeric antigen that reacts with sera from patients with the CREST syndrome. Both NSpI and NSpII produce a speckled pattern of indirect immuno‐fluorescence on HEp‐2 cells that resembles the pattern seen with anticentromere antibodies (ACA). They are differentiated from the ACA staining pattern by the absence of metaphase chromatin staining by NSpI antisera and by the absence of a discrete speckled pattern of staining by NSpII. Further, both NSpI and NSpII stain predominantly the peritubular nuclei of mouse kidney cryostat sections. NSpII is sensitive to trypsin, proteinase K, and HCl extraction, suggesting that it is a relatively soluble nuclear protein. NSpI was also sensitive to protease treatment but was not extracted with 0.1N HCl, suggesting that it is a tightly bound nuclear protein.
Clinical and laboratory associations of anticentromere antibody in patients with progressive systemic sclerosis
Authors: Steen Virginia D. , Ziegler Gayle L. , Rodnan Gerald P. , Medsger Thomas A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAnticentromere antibody (ACA) was found in the serum of 4 (3%) of 120 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis with diffuse scleroderma and in 69 (49%) of 141 with progressive systemic sclerosis with the CREST syndrome variant. The 69 CREST syndrome patients with ACA were compared with the 72 CREST syndrome patients without ACA. The former were older at the onset of symptoms and significantly more frequently female (97% versus 78%, P < 0.01). Those with ACA more often had telangiectasiae of the digits (93% versus 75%) and calcinosis (55% versus 22%). These differences were also present after the groups were stratified according to duration of disease. Cutaneous involvement was similar in both degree and extent in the 2 groups; 20% of CREST patients both with and without ACA had forearm skin thickening. Pulmonary interstitial fibrosis on chest roentgenogram and restrictive disease on pulmonary function testing were significantly less frequent in the ACA patients. Gastrointestinal involvement, pulmonary arterial hypertension, and cardiac abnormalities were similar in both groups, and there has been no difference in survival between CREST syndrome patients with and without ACA. Tissue typing studies revealed a significant association between ACA and HLA‐DR1.
Treatment of raynaud's phenomenon with ketanserin, a selective antagonist of the serotonin2 (5‐HT2) receptor
Authors: Seibold James R. , Jageneau Anton H. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractKetanserin, a selective antagonist of the 5‐HT2 receptor, was evaluated in a 4‐week open pilot trial of 30 patients with Raynaud's phenomenon. Moderate or marked relief was reported in 15 of 18 (83%) patients with systemic sclerosis, whereas only 4 of 12 (33%) patients with Raynaud's phenomenon of other etiology received such benefit (P < 0.01). These subjective ratings were supported by the results of serial digital strain gauge plethysmography during controlled cold challenge. Additional clinical findings suggested that ketanserin therapy facilitated the healing of ischemic digital ulcerations and reduced hand edema in patients with systemic sclerosis. These findings lend support to the hypothesis that serotonin is an important element in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis.
Ntp pyrophosphohydrolase in human chondrocalcinotic and osteoarthritic cartilage: Further Studies on Histologic and Subcellular Distribution
Authors: Howell David S. , Martel‐Pelletier Johanne , Pelletier Jean‐Pierre , Morales Sara , Muniz Ofelia 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) pyrophospho‐hydrolase was previously demonstrated in human chondrocalcinotic and osteoarthritic articular cartilage. In this study, grinding and enzymatic techniques for cartilage subcellular fractionation were compared. It was shown that this enzyme was concentrated in fractions enriched in plasma membranes. The enzyme had the same activity in cartilage slices as in triton X‐100 extracts, and all of the activity was removed by preliminary treatment of cartilage slices with pronase. Histologic separation of cartilages into tangential and upper radial versus lower radial zones indicated no difference in concentrations of this enzyme. A role is postulated for this enzyme in metabolic chondrocytic plasma membrane responses to injury or destabilization from other causes, such as rapid synthesis or cell division.
Evaluation of comprehensive rehabilitation services for elderly homebound patients with arthritis and orthopedic disability
Authors: Liang Matthew H. , Partridge Alison J. , Larson Martin G. , Gall Victoria , Taylor Jennifer , Berkman Cathy , Master Robert , Feltin Marie , Taylor James 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFifty‐seven elderly homebound patients with arthritis and orthopedic disabilities were randomized to a goal‐oriented outreach rehabilitation program or to usual treatment. Although 64% of patient goals were met, there were no overall significant differences in functional scores, institutionalization, or contentment between treatment and control periods. Twenty‐three patients had maintained clinical improvement at the end of the study and some patients were dramatically improved with simple measures. The program's marginal costs were modest and consisted primarily of expenses associated with therapist's visits. The total costs of assistive devices and home modifications amounted to $1,902. Twenty‐five percent of the homebound population could benefit from such services but the actual number who would partake is small.
Anti‐f(ab′)2 antibodies that interfere with interpretation of the anti‐c3 assay for immune complexes in children with rheumatic diseases
Authors: Olds Lynne C. , Miller John J. III 
Published: February 2007

AbstractResults of the solid phase F(ab')2 anti‐C3 radio‐immunoassay for immune complexes were abnormal in sera from some patients with juvenile arthritis and in many patients with other forms of chronic inflammation. However, C3 failed to block positive reactions of sera from patients even though it did block the reaction when aggregated IgG was added to normal sera. Moreover, positive sera reacted with nonspecific F(ab')2 fragments from several species. High correlation coefficients were obtained between abnormal results in the anti‐C3 assay with juvenile arthritis sera and reactions with goat, mouse, and rabbit F(ab')2, but less so with human F(ab')2. Sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus or cystic fibrosis had similar reactions but different species specificities. After sucrose density fractionation, the reactivity with nonspecific anti‐F(ab')2 was only in the IgG‐containing fractions, but anti‐C3 activity was in both IgG‐containing fractions and the fractions between IgG and IgM. We conclude that anti‐F(ab')2 antibodies are common in children with inflammation and may interfere with interpretation of assays using F(ab')2 anti‐C3 for detection of complexes.
A Murine Model of Polymyositis Induced by Coxsackievirus B1 (Tucson Strain)
Authors: Strongwater Steven L. , Dorovini‐zis Katerina , Ball Richard D. , Schnitzer Thomas J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA murine model of polymyositis induced by coxsackievirus B1, Tucson strain (CVBT) is described. Intraperitoneal CVBT inoculation of CD 1 Swiss mice less than 48 hours old resulted in proximal hindquarter weakness that was first apparent 7 days after viral challenge and persisted for more than 10 weeks. Electromyographic and histologic evidence of a continuing myositis was present during this entire period of time. However, virus was not detectable later than 2 weeks post infection, despite clinical progression of disease. The finding of electromyographic and histologic abnormalities in CVBT‐infected mice, long after virus had cleared and neutralizing antibody production evoked, suggests that persistent myositis may be immunologically mediated, triggered by the initial acute viral infection.
Azathioprine versus d‐penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis patients who have been treated unsuccessfully with gold
Authors: Paulus Harold E. , Williams H. James , Ward John R. , Reading James C. , Egger Marlene J. , Coleman Miki L. , Samuelson Cecil O. , Willkens Robert F. , Guttadauria Maria , Alarcón Graciela S. , Kaplan Stanley B. , Maclaughlin Edmund J. , Weinstein Arthur , Wilder Ronald L. , Solsky Marilyn A. , Meenan Robert F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo hundred six patients were entered into a prospective controlled, double‐blind, multicenter trial comparing azathioprine (AZA) 1.25–1.5 mg/kg/day with D‐penicillamine (DP) 10–12 mg/kg/day. One hundred thirty‐four patients completed 24 weeks of therapy. Improvement in nearly all efficacy variables was seen in both groups. Patients taking DP demonstrated a greater rise in hemoglobin concentration and greater fall in erythrocyte sedimentation rate than patients receiving AZA; these were the only efficacy variables with a significant difference between the treatment groups. Fewer withdrawals for adverse reactions occurred among the patients receiving AZA, but the difference was not significant. Patients receiving AZA were withdrawn from the drug mainly for abnormal liver function test results, nausea and gastrointestinal upset, and leukopenia. The main reasons for withdrawal of patients receiving DP were nausea, rash and pruritis, thrombo‐cytopenia, dysgeusia, and proteinuria.
Rheumatoid arthritis and small airways function
Authors: Mountz J. D. , Turner R. A. , Collins R. L. , Gallup K. R. , Semble E. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe sensitive pulmonary function tests of change in maximum expiratory flow (ΔVmax 50) and volume of isoflow were used to determine the effects of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), smoking, and α‐antitrypsin deficiency phenotypes on peripheral airways. Patients were prospectively divided into 4 groups: 14 smokers with RA, 12 nonsmokers with RA, 11 smokers without RA, and 13 nonsmokers without RA. ΔVmax 50 was the most discriminating variable and demonstrated significant small airway obstructive disease in the first 3 groups, with an additive effect in the group of smokers with RA. An increased incidence of the α‐antitrypsin‐deficient MS phenotype was seen in the RA smoker group, and this phenotype was associated with severe pulmonary disease.
The value of conventional views and radiographic magnification in evaluating early rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Hartley Robert M. , Liang Matthew H. , Weissman Barbara N. , Sosman J. Leland , Katz Robert , Charlton John R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFifty‐four patients with suspected early rheumatoid arthritis had radiographs taken of their hands and wrists in 4 views (posteroanterior [PA], oblique, reverse oblique, and Brewerton) using conventional techniques and, in the PA view, using radiographic magnification. The radiographs were “masked” and presented in random order to 2 radiologists specializing in bone and joint radiology who interpreted them for malalignment, erosions, joint space narrowing, and soft tissue swelling. The PA was the best conventional view for demonstrating malalignment, joint space narrowing, and soft tissue abnormalities; the Brewerton view was better for detecting erosive disease. Radiographic magnification was more sensitive than conventional films for evaluating erosive disease, but otherwise was no better than the conventional PA view. These results help the physician choose the radiologic technique or combination of techniques that is most likely to detect specific abnormalities.
Cellular mechanism of DNA‐specific antibody synthesis by lymphocytes from systemic lupus erythematosus patients
Authors: Takeuchi Tsutomu , Abe Tohru , Koide Jun , Hosono Osamu , Morimoto Chikao , Homma Mitsuo 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cellular mechanism of anti‐DNA antibody synthesis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was studied by DNA‐specific solid‐phase radioimmunoassay. Anti‐DNA antibody synthesis in response to DNA was T‐dependent, and the experiments with reconstituted lymphocytes from identical twins discordant for SLE showed that B cells and T cells from SLE patients must cooperate to synthesize anti‐DNA antibody. Anti‐DNA antibody synthesis by lymphocytes from patients with inactive SLE was enhanced by T4 cells and suppressed by T8 cells in response to DNA. Although T4 cells from patients with active SLE could enhance anti‐DNA antibody synthesis by autologous B cells, their T8 cells could not suppress anti‐DNA antibody synthesis by autologous B cells. These results indicate that elevated anti‐DNA antibody synthesis in response to DNA in patients with active SLE is due to abnormalities of both SLE B cells and SLE T cells. They further indicate that dysfunction of T8 cells from patients with active SLE may, in part, be responsible for deficient regulation of anti‐DNA antibody synthesis.
Connective tissue activation
Authors: Gordon Michael A. , Hollenberg Morley D. , Castor C. William 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA protein factor in human urine which has the ability to activate connective tissue cells has been identified and partially purified; it appears to be different from epidermal growth factor and IgG. This urinary connective tissue activating factor (CTAP‐U) is nondialyzable, labile to protease, stable to thiols, heat, and acid, and has an acidic isoelectric point. Purified preparations of CTAP‐U have biologic activities that cause human connective tissue cells to synthesize incremental amounts of 14C‐hyaluronic acid, 35S‐proteoglycans, and 3H‐DNA in vitro. The cell spectrum responsive to this substance includes human synovial cells, human chondrocytes, and skin fibroblasts. CTAP‐U does not react with antisera to connective tissue activating peptide‐III or to antibodies against IgG or its Fc and Fab fragments. Furthermore, CTAP‐U does not cross‐react in a radioreceptor assay for insulin, basic somatomedin, or epidermal growth factor‐urogastrone. Utilizing standardized isolation conditions, CTAP‐U preparations with these properties have been isolated from the urine of 6 normal individuals.
Calcium pyrophosphate crystal deposition
Authors: Mandel Neil S. , Mandel Gretchen S. , Carroll Debra J. , Halverson Paul B. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDeposition of crystalline triclinic (t) and monoclinic (m) calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate (CPPD) in fibrocartilage and articular cartilage is the hallmark of chondrocalcinosis. Using biologic grade gelatin to model this crystal growth process, t‐CPPD, m‐CPPD, amorphous calcium pyrophosphate, orthorhombic calcium pyrophosphate tetrahydrate (o‐CPPT), and 3 mixed calcium/sodium pyrophosphate salts were grown at physiologic pH. Amorphous and o‐CPPT appeared to be kinetic precursor crystals in the formation of t‐CPPD and m‐CPPD. Optimal concentration ranges for the different crystals were determined.
Chloroquine inhibits the production of a mononuclear cell factor by inhibition of lectin binding
Authors: Baker Daniel G. , Baumgarten Dottie F. , Dwyer James P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe effect of chloroquine (CQ) on the ability of normal human peripheral blood monocytes to produce a soluble mononuclear cell factor (MCF) capable of stimulating prostaglandins from adherent rheumatoid synovial cells was studied. CQ inhibited concanavalin A (Con A)‐ and bacterial peptidoglycan‐induced MCF activity, but not colchicine‐induced activity, in a dose‐dependent manner. After incubation with CQ for 20 minutes, 3H Con A binding was reduced by 50%, and metabolism of pre‐bound 3H Con A was inhibited. These data suggest that CQ can inhibit MCF production by inhibition of lectin binding, perhaps by inhibition of receptor recycling.
Antibodies to vimentin intermediate filaments in sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Alcover Andrés , Molano Jesús , Renart Jaime , Gil‐Aguado Antonio , Nieto Antonio , Avila Jesús 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSera from patients with systemic lupus erythe‐matosus and from healthy subjects were tested, using immunofluorescence and blotting techniques, for the presence of antibodies to intermediate filaments of the cytoskeleton of human skin fibroblasts. Both techniques showed that antibodies to intermediate filaments were found in a higher proportion of sera from patients (53%) than healthy subjects (9%). The antigen target was found to be the protein band that corresponded to vimentin (Mr 57,000).
Chondroclasts and osteoclasts at subchondral sites of erosion in the rheumatoid joint
Authors: Bromley Michael , Woolley David E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHistochemical and ultrastructural studies of bone‐cartilage junctions from 21 rheumatoid knee joints have demonstrated the presence of both osteoclasts and chondroclasts. Significant erosions of bone and mineralized cartilage were observed in 15 specimens, and 6 showed localized erosions of unmineralized (hyaline) cartilage. Chondroclasts, defined by their close association with both mineralized and unmineralized cartilage, were morphologically and histochemically similar to osteoclasts. Our observations suggest that these multinucleate cells play a crucial role in subchondral tissue destruction, but that erosion of unmineralized cartilage is primarily the result of synovial pannus tissue.
Sjöugren's syndrome influence of multiple hla‐d region alloantigens on clinical and serologic expression
Authors: Wilson Raymond W. , Provost Thomas T. , Bias Wilma B. , Alexander Elaine L. , Edlow Donald W. , Hochberg Marc C. , Stevens Mary Betty , Arnett Frank C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe relationships of HLA—DR and the newer DS (second D locus) B cell alloantigens (MB and MT) to the clinical and serologic expression of primary and secondary forms of Sjögren's syndrome (SS) were examined in 102 patients (86 whites and 16 blacks). Although HLA‐DR3 was significantly increased in whites (25 of 50, 50%) and blacks (4 of 5, 80%) with primary SS compared with race‐matched normal controls, it was not appreciably elevated in those with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)‐SS, rheumatoid arthritis (RA)‐SS, or connective tissue disease‐SS. The MT2 specificity, however, was more strongly associated with primary SS (86% of whites and 100% of blacks) and also with SLE‐SS and RA‐SS compared with race‐matched normal controls. Furthermore, MT2 was significantly increased in SLE‐SS and RA‐SS when compared with non‐sicca SLE and RA controls. Although primary and secondary SS were most strongly associated with this DS specificity (MT2), the anti‐Ro (SS‐A) and anti‐La (SS‐B) antibody responses were more closely allied to DR antigens. HLA‐DR3 was increased in anti‐Ro positive patients, both whites and blacks, with primary SS (74%) and in total anti‐Ro positive subjects (54%) compared with their anti‐Ro negative counterparts (38% and 31%, respectively). Among DR3 negative patients, HLA‐DR2 correlated with anti‐Ro in both primary SS (83%) and in the total SS group (58%). Thus, 96% of Ro antibody positive patients with primary SS had DR3 and/or DR2, as did 80% of anti‐Ro positive subjects in all categories. Antibodies to La (SS‐B) correlated only with DR3 in primary SS and in the total group. These data suggest that MT2 is the strongest major histocompatibility complex determinant for primary and secondary SS. However, HLA‐DR3 and DR2 may mediate the Ro/La antibody responses that are characteristic of more severe disease. The clinical expression of Sjögren's syndrome appears to result from the complex genetic interplay of multiple HLA‐D region factors.
Characterization of a new antigen‐antibody system (su) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Treadwell Edward L. , Alspaugh Margaret A. , Sharp Gordon C. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new antigen (Su) from calf thymus nuclear extract that reacts with sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is described. Antibodies to Su, demonstrated by immunodiffusion, were most frequently found in patients with a diagnosis of probable or definite SLE. Thirty‐seven percent of patients with Su antibodies and a diagnosis of SLE were positive for antinuclear antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence, but lacked specific antibodies previously associated with SLE. Patients with Su antibodies exhibited a higher frequency of Raynaud's phenomenon, but exhibited a lower frequency of malar rash, alopecia, and arthritis when compared with SLE patients in previously published reports. The Su antigen is weakly acidic, heatstable at 37°C, heat‐sensitive at 56°C, resistant to DNase and RNase, but sensitive to trypsin. Its molecular weight approximated 154,000 daltons by Sepharose chromatography. The Su antibody may be associated with a subset of SLE patients with distinct clinical features, and may serve as a serologic marker for patients who are positive for fluorescent antinuclear antibodies but have no other detectable SLE‐associated antibodies.
Cytotoxic anti‐t cell antibodies in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Barron Karyl S. , Lewis Dorothy E. , Brewer Earl J. , Marcus Donald M. , Shearer William T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe object of this investigation was to determine the prevalence of anti‐T cell antibodies in 66 children with various connective tissue diseases. Anti‐T cell antibodies were found in 43/44 juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) patients (mean cytotoxicity 15.0%) and in 10/10 children with systemic lupus erythematosus (mean cytotoxicity 20.0%), but in only 1/15 normal controls and in none of 12 children with other arthritides. There was no significant difference in mean percent cytotoxicity among the JRA subclasses. In the JRA patients, the percent cytotoxicity was positively correlated with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P = 0.01), but not with the presence or absence of rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibodies, or immune complexes. The sera of 3 JRA patients repeatedly inhibited the stimulation of normal lymphocytes by mitogens and antigens by 47–99% (measured by the incorporation of 3H‐thymidine into DNA) when added to the culture system in the first 24 hours; normal sera did not. Sera from patients with JRA have increased reactivity with mitogen‐activated lymphocytes and T cells compared with unstimulated cells as determined by flow cytometry. The expression of the “JRA antigen” requires protein synthesis but not DNA synthesis or cell division. We conclude that the majority of patients with active JRA have cytotoxic anti‐T cell antibodies and that in selected patients, these antibodies may play a role in regulation of the immune response.
Use of the HEp‐2 cell substrate in the detection of antinuclear antibodies in juvenile rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Osborn Thomas G. , Patel Nirupa J. , Moore Terry L. , Zuckner Jack 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPresence and titer of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were determined in 217 juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) patients, by indirect immunofluorescence using HEp‐2 cells as substrate. Positive ANA titers (⩾1:40) were present in 131 (60%) of the JRA patients. All 3 JRA onset types demonstrated increased percentages of ANA positivity compared with healthy children. Sixty‐seven percent of the patients in the polyarticular onset group had positive titers; titers were positive in 62% of the pauciarticular onset group and in 32% of the systemic onset group. ANA were also found in 45% of control patients with other connective tissue diseases. In JRA patients, the speckled pattern occurred most commonly (72%). Fourteen patients (8 with pauciarticular onset and 6 with polyarticular onset) had iridocyclitis; all of them had high titers (⩾1:80) of ANA. The use of HEp‐2 cells provided a sensitive substrate for detecting ANA in JRA. It proved to be of value in differentiating JRA patients from healthy controls, but not from patients with other connective tissue diseases.