bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Carbon emissions and abnormal cash holdings
Authors: Amin Abu , Hossain Ashrafee T. , Masum Abdullah‐Al 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe find that companies that emit high levels of carbon tend to have lower abnormal cash holdings. We have run a battery of endogeneity tests to ensure the robustness of our findings. Our further analysis revealed that weaker internal governance, higher information asymmetry and CEO overconfidence contribute to the heterogeneity of the results. Additionally, we notice that polluting firms prefer to spend more on capital investments while allocating less toward dividends and R&D activities. Our results are consistent with agency theory, indicating that managerial preference for suboptimal investment and/or avoidance of external disciplining might contribute to lower abnormal cash holdings.
Climate risk exposure and debt concentration: Evidence from Chinese listed companies
Authors: Song Wuqi , Xu Wenshuai , Qu Wenzhou , Gong Xu 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe examine the impact of firm‐level climate risk exposure (CRE) on the debt concentration choices of Chinese listed companies over the period 2010–2021. Our findings suggest that CRE prompts firms to choose debt structures with higher concentration, and this relationship holds true for both physical and transition risks. Further analysis reveals that this effect is more pronounced among firms with higher default risk, restricted access to capital, and lower accounting quality. Our findings remain solid to a battery of robustness tests. Collectively, our study sheds light on the economic consequences of through the lens of firms' debt concentration adjustments.
Intraday and interday variations of milk fatty acids in dairy cows in early and late lactation
Authors: Nagahaka Noriaki , Abe Eisuke , Hiraoka Hiroshi , Kondo Makoto 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe composition of milk fatty acid (FA) was determined using Fourier‐transform mid‐infrared spectroscopy, which enables the rapid measurement of many samples. Milk FA is one indicator supporting the management of dairy cows and herds. This study aimed to determine an appropriate sampling method for milk FA in a practical farm condition based on intraday and interday variations in milk FA composition during early and late lactation stages. Milk samples were collected in the morning (07:00–08:00 h) and afternoon (16:30–17:30 h) for five consecutive days during early and late lactation. Within the day, de novo FA as the total FA basis was higher in the morning than in the afternoon, whereas preformed FA as the total FA basis was lower in the morning than in the afternoon. The weighted averages of milk FA composition according to milk yield collected in the morning and afternoon were significantly different between cows in early and late lactation; however, these were not significantly different among the consecutive five sampling days in each period. It was concluded that milk samples collected in the morning and afternoon for 1 day are suitable for milk FA determination. These results provide basic data for determining precise sampling methods for practical farms.
Design, synthesis and characterization of ethyl 3‐benzoyl‐7‐morpholinoindolizine‐1‐carboxylate as anti‐tubercular agents: In silico screening for possible target identification
Authors: Tiwari Priya , Mangubhai Gayakvad Sunitaben , Kidwai Saqib , Singh Ramandeep , Chandrashekharappa Sandeep 
Published: April 2024

AbstractA thorough search for the development of innovative drugs to treat tuberculosis, especially considering the urgent need to address developing drug resistance, we report here a synthetic series of ethyl 3‐benzoyl‐7‐morpholinoindolizine‐1‐carboxylate analogues (5a‐o) as potent anti‐tubercular agents. These morpholino‐indolizines were synthesized by reacting 4‐morpholino pyridinium salts, with various electron‐deficient acetylenes to afford the ethyl 3‐benzoyl‐7‐morpholinoindolizine‐1‐carboxylate analogues (5a‐o). All synthesized intermediate and final compounds are characterized by spectroscopic methods such as 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS and further examined for their anti‐tubercular activity against the M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain (ATCC 27294—American type cell culture). All the compounds screened for anti‐tubercular activity in the range of 6.25–50 μM against the H37Rv strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Compound 5g showed prominent activity with MIC99 2.55 μg/mL whereas compounds 5d and 5j showed activity with MIC99 18.91 μg/mL and 25.07 μg/mL, respectively. In silico analysis of these compounds revealed drug‐likeness. Additionally, the molecular target identification for Malate synthase (PDB 5CBB) is attained by computational approach. The compound 5g with a MIC99 value of 2.55 μg/mL against M. tuberculosis H37Rv emerged as the most promising anti‐TB drug and in silico investigations suggest Malate synthase (5CBB) might be the compound's possible target.
Visualization of the hepatic and renal cell uptake and trafficking of tetrahedral DNA origami in tumour
Authors: Zhu Shitai , Peng Hongzhen , Kong Huating , Yan Qinglong , Xia Kai , Wang Lihua , Zhu Ying , Luo Shihua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDNA nanostructures, known for their programmability, ease of modification, and favourable biocompatibility, have gained widespread application in the biomedical field. Among them, Tetrahedral DNA Origami (TDOs), as a novel DNA nanostructure, possesses well‐defined structures, multiple modification sites, and large cavities, making it a promising drug carrier. However, current understanding of TDOs' interactions with biological systems, particularly with target cells and organs, remains unexplored, limiting its further applications in biomedicine. In this work, we prepared TDOs with an average particle size of 40 nm and labelled them with Cy5 fluorescent molecules. Following intravenous injection in mice, the uptake of TDOs by different types of liver and kidney cells was observed. Results indicated that TDOs accumulate in renal tubules and are metabolized by Kupffer cells, epithelial cells, and hepatocytes in the liver. Additionally, in a tumour‐bearing mouse model, TDOs passively targeted tumour tissues and exhibited excellent tumour penetration and retention after rapid metabolism in hepatocytes. Our findings provide crucial insights for the development of TDO‐based drug delivery systems.
Population pharmacokinetics and dosing optimization of perampanel in children with epilepsy: A real‐world study
Authors: Li Sichan , Yi Jiaqin , Tuo YaLi , Nie Gang , Wang Jun , Wang Yang , Sun Dan , Liu Zhisheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe purposes of this study were to explore the pharmacokinetics of perampanel (PER) in children with epilepsy, identify factors that contribute to pharmacokinetic variations among subjects, evaluate the connection between PER exposure and clinical outcome, and establish an evidence‐based approach for tailoring individualized antiepileptic treatment in this specific population.MethodsIn this prospective study, PER plasma concentrations and genetic information on metabolic enzymes were obtained from 194 patients younger than 18 years. The disposition kinetics of PER in pediatric patients following oral dosing were characterized using nonlinear mixed effect models. The effective range for the plasma concentration of PER was determined by assessing the efficacy and safety of PER treatment and analyzing the relationship between drug exposure and clinical response. Monte Carlo simulations were then performed to evaluate and optimize the current dosing regimens.ResultsThe pharmacokinetic profile of PER was adequately described by a one‐compartment model with first‐order absorption and elimination. Body weight, total bilirubin level, and concomitant oxcarbazepine were found to have significant influences on PER pharmacokinetics. Model estimates of apparent clearance and volume of distribution were .016 ± .009 L/h/kg and 1.47 ± .78 L/kg, respectively. The effective range predicted from plasma concentration data in responders was 215–862 μg/L. Dosing scenarios stratified according to essential covariates were proposed through simulation analysis.SignificanceIn this study, we captured the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic characteristics of PER in pediatric epilepsy patients through analysis of real‐world data and adopted a pharmacometric approach to support an individualized dosing strategy for PER in this specific population.
Effects of comprehensive nursing interventions on wound pain in patients undergoing catheter insertion for peritoneal dialysis
Authors: Chen Chao , Wang Xiang‐Lei , Li Hui , Zuo Hong 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThis study investigates the effects of comprehensive nursing interventions on wound pain in patients undergoing catheter insertion for peritoneal dialysis. Sixty patients who underwent catheter insertion for peritoneal dialysis from January 2021 to January 2023 at our hospital were selected as subjects and randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group using a random number table method. The control group received routine nursing care, while the experimental group was subjected to comprehensive nursing interventions. The study compared the impact of nursing measures on visual analogue scale (VAS), self‐rating anxiety scale (SAS), self‐rating depression scale (SDS) and nursing satisfaction between the two groups. The analysis revealed that on the third, fifth and seventh days post‐intervention, the experimental group's wound VAS scores were significantly lower than those of the control group (p < 0.001). Furthermore, levels of anxiety and depression were markedly lower in the experimental group compared with the control group (p < 0.001). In addition, the nursing satisfaction rate was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (96.67% vs. 73.33%, p = 0.011). This study indicates that the application of comprehensive nursing interventions in patients undergoing catheter insertion for peritoneal dialysis is highly effective. It can alleviate wound pain and negative emotions to a certain extent, while also achieving high patient satisfaction, thus demonstrating significant clinical value.
Do aposematic species have larger range sizes? A case study with neotropical poison frogs
Authors: Silveira Priscila , de Sousa Fernanda Gonçalves , Böning Philipp , Maciel Natan M. , Stropp Juliana , Lötters Stefan 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimAposematic animals, i.e., those that are defended and warn potential predators through signals, are suggested to have resource‐gathering advantages against non‐aposematic ones. We here explore this in a biogeographic framework expecting that aposematic species are better dispersers, which translates into larger geographic range size.LocationSouth America.TaxonPoison frogs (Amphibia; Aromobatidae and Dendrobatidae).MethodsWe use 43 toxic and 26 non‐toxic poison frog species from the lowlands only as representatives of aposematic and non‐aposematic study organisms, respectively. Realised and potential geographic ranges are calculated using minimum convex polygon and species distribution modelling methods, respectively. Accounting for species body size and phylogeny, we test if both range and aposematism are correlated using linear mixed‐effects models.ResultsAposematic and non‐aposematic species neither differ in realised nor in potential geographic range size. There was no effect on body size.Main ConclusionsThe role of aposematism is not yet as clear as suggested and determinants of poison frog range sizes are multifaceted. A more integrative approach is needed using the information on behaviour, predation risk, and reproductive biology to assess the role of aposematism on observed species distributions. Such data are not yet available for most species, neither poison frogs nor other aposematic animals.
Lesion metrics and 12‐month outcomes of very‐high power short duration radiofrequency ablation (90W/4 s) under mild conscious sedation
Authors: Calvert Peter , Koniari Ioanna , Mills Mark T. , Ashrafi Reza , Snowdon Richard , Gupta Dhiraj , Luther Vishal 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionPulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is often performed under general anaesthesia (GA) or deep sedation. Anaesthetic availability is limited in many centers, and deep sedation is prohibited in some countries without anaesthetic support. Very high‐power short duration (vHPSD—90W/4 s) PVI using the Q‐Dot catheter is generally well tolerated under mild conscious sedation (MCS) though an understanding of catheter stability and long‐term effectiveness is lacking. We analyzed lesion metrics and 12‐month freedom from atrial arrythmia with this approach.MethodsOur approach to radiofrequency (RF) PVI under MCS is standardized and includes a single catheter approach with a steerable sheath. We identified patients undergoing Q‐Dot RF PVI between March 2021 and December 2022 in our center, comparing those undergoing vHPSD ablation under MCS (90W/MCS) against those undergoing 50 W ablation under GA (50 W/GA) up to 12 months of follow‐up. Data were extracted from clinical records and the CARTO system.ResultsEighty‐three patients met our inclusion criteria (51 90W/MCS; 32 50 W/GA). Despite shorter ablation times (353 vs. 886 s; p < .001), the 90 W/MCS group received more lesions (median 87 vs. 58, p < .001), resulting in similar procedure times (149.3 vs. 149.1 min; p = .981). PVI was achieved in all cases, and first pass isolation rates were similar (left wide antral circumferential ablation [WACA] 82.4% vs. 87.5%, p = .758; right WACA 74.5% vs. 78.1%, p = .796; 90 W/MCS vs. 50 W/GA respectively). Analysis of 6647 ablation lesions found similar mean impedance drops (10.0 ± 1.9 Ω vs. 10.0 ± 2.2 Ω; p = .989) and mean contact force (14.6 ± 2.0 g vs. 15.1 ± 1.6 g; p = .248). Only median 2.5% of lesions in the 90 W/MCS cohort failed to achieve ≥ 5 Ω drop. In the 90 W/MCS group, there were no procedural related complications, and 12‐month freedom from atrial arrhythmia was observed in 78.4%.ConclusionvHPSD PVI is feasible under MCS, with encouraging acute and long‐term procedural outcomes. This provides a compelling option for centers with limited anaesthetic support.
Quantification of cell shape, intracellular flows and transport based on DIC object detection and tracking
Authors: Kale Tanvi , Khatri Dhruv , Basu Jashaswi , Yadav Shivani A. , Athale Chaitanya A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractComputational image analysis combined with label‐free imaging has helped maintain its relevance for cell biology, despite the rapid technical improvements in fluorescence microscopy with the molecular specificity of tags. Here, we discuss some computational tools developed in our lab and their application to quantify cell shape, intracellular organelle movement and bead transport in vitro, using differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy data as inputs. The focus of these methods is image filtering to enhance image gradients, and combining them with segmentation and single particle tracking (SPT). We demonstrate the application of these methods to Escherichia coli cell length estimation and tracking of densely packed lipid granules in Caenorhabditis elegans one‐celled embryos, diffusing beads in solutions of different viscosities and kinesin‐driven transport on microtubules. These approaches demonstrate how improvements to low‐level image analysis methods can help obtain insights through quantitative cellular and subcellular microscopy.
Health communication and shared decision‐making between nurses and older adults in community setting: An integrative review
Authors: Expósito‐Jiménez Araceli , Alcaide‐Leyva J. M. , Jiménez‐Mérida María del Rocío , Martínez‐Angulo Pablo 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimTo explore the role of health communication in Shared Decision‐Making (SDM) between nursing staff and older people in the community setting.BackgroundSociety and healthcare services are marked by an exponentially ageing population, leading to a significant proportion of patients being older adults with highly demanding care needs. Scientific literature supports shared decision‐making as a process that engages patients in their care. However, the increasing use of technology and the consequences of the COVID‐19 pandemic have influenced how nurses communicate with older patients. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how to develop health communication to reach effective, shared decision‐making processes.MethodsWhittemore and Knafl's integrative review method, the literature search comprised five databases: PubMed, CINALH, Web of Science, Scopus and PsycINFO.ResultsThe 12 included studies were synthesised into three study patterns: (1) nurse–older patient health communication relationship, (2) older patients' perspectives and (3) nontherapeutic communication in end‐of‐life care.ConclusionThis review underscored the crucial role of effective health communication in shaping SDM dynamics between nursing staff and older people in the community setting. Key elements included transparent information exchange, establishing trust and maintaining communication channels with informal caregiving networks. SDM actions were aligned with preserving older people's autonomy, but communication challenges persisted, particularly in end‐of‐life situations. Advanced care planning was recommended to address these shortcomings and improve communication among older people, healthcare professionals and families.ImplicationsImplementing educational measures based on verbal and nonverbal health communication in nursing training could be beneficial. Nursing research could continue to develop and refine specific communication strategies adapted to the social determinants of health for diverse clinical situations regarding older adults in the community setting.Reporting MethodThe authors have adhered to relevant EQUATOR guidelines through the PRISMA 2020 checklist.No Patient or Public Contribution.
The association between human papillomavirus infection, vaginal microecology, and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in women from Xinjiang, China
Authors: Shi Yi , Dong Xiao yang , Yimingjiang Mai wei li dan , Ma Wen mei , Ma Zhi ping , Pang Xue lian , Zhang Wei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractPurposeThis study analyzes the relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, vaginal microecology, and cervical lesions to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer (CC) in the Xinjiang region.MethodsReal‐time quantitative PCR was used for HPV genotyping and viral load. The Gram staining and dry biochemical enzyme kit were utilized to diagnose vaginal secretions. The χ2 test and Logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis.ResultsThe HPV infection rate among women in the Xinjiang region was 30.29%, of which the single HPV infection accounts for 77%. HPV16 and HPV52 were the main infection types. There was significant differences in the HPV infection rate and infection types among the Han, Uighur, Hui, and Kazakh ethnic groups. The viral load of HPV16 and HPV52 increases with the upgrade of cervical lesions. There were significant differences in vaginal microecology evaluation indicators H2O2, SNA, LE, GUS, trichomonas, clue cells, and lactobacilli among different ethnic groups. HPV negative patients with varying grades of cervical lesions exhibit a notable variance in H2O2 and LE, which is statistically significant. Single HPV infection and high viral load HPV significantly increase the risk of CC.ConclusionsThis study indicates that HPV infection and vaginal microecology differ among ethnic groups, which have a strong correlation with the progression of CC, offering guidance on CC screening and interventions in the Xinjiang area.
Fertility outcomes in male adults with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism treated during puberty with human chorionic gonadotropin and recombinant follicle stimulating hormone
Authors: Grob Francisca , Keshwani Rachna , Angley Eleanor , Zacharin Margaret 
Published: April 2024

AimHormone replacement therapy with testosterone for pubertal induction in boys with congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (CHH) achieves virilization but not spermatogenesis. By contrast, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH) provides both virilization and spermatogenesis. Fertility outcomes of boys treated with recombinant therapy during adolescence have been infrequently described. We report fertility induction and pregnancy outcomes in CHH patients treated with recombinant gonadotropins during puberty.MethodsData of six subjects with CHH (n = 3 Kallmann syndrome & n = 3 Isolated hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) treated with hCG and FSH for pubertal induction were reviewed. Of these, five underwent subsequent fertility induction while one desired fertility at the end of pubertal induction.ResultsPartners of all subjects achieved pregnancies using hCG and rFSH, all with full term live births. All infants were clinically normal.ConclusionThis study provides early evidence of proof of concept of use of gonadotropin induction of puberty being beneficial in subsequent fertility outcome.
CO2 emissions–economic growth nexus: Validity of EKC in oil‐exporting and oil‐importing countries
Authors: Tokpah Joseph Tuakolon , Saliminezhad Andisheh , Ozdeser Huseyin 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe purpose of this study is to examine and compare the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve and the relationship between carbon dioxide emissions, per capita GDP, fossil fuel consumption, oil prices and foreign direct investment in advanced oil‐importing and oil‐exporting countries from 1970 to 2020. The researchers consider these nations for their dependency on oil resources and their different economic characteristics. The Westerlund (Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 2007, 69, 709) co‐integration test shows that the studied variables are co‐integrated in the long run in both panels of the countries. The pooled mean group‐autoregressive distributed lag (PMG‐ARDL) model established by Pesaran et al. (Journal of the American Statistical Association, 1999, 94, 621), which assesses the short‐ and long‐run nexus between the variables of interest, detects statistically significant associations, providing evidence to support the hypothesis of EKC in both groups. Furthermore, foreign direct investment and fossil fuel consumption have long‐term positive effects on CO2 emissions. The main difference between both groups of countries is that oil price has a positive effect on CO2 emissions in oil‐exporting countries, while it has a negative effect on environmental degradation in oil‐importing countries. The study suggests increasing investment in renewable energy infrastructure by encouraging research and development, providing subsidies and tax incentives for renewable energy companies and promoting large‐scale renewable energy projects as they contribute to environmental quality.