bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Levels of work stress among information technology professionals during COVID-19 pandemic in an Indian metropolis
Authors: Trivedi Ojaswini , Roy Runalika , Sukumar Gautham M. , Philip Mariamma , Gururaj Gopalkrishna 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Amid the ongoing Non-Communicable Disease and COVID-19 pandemic, understanding prevalence and characteristics associated with work stress is vital from a health and economic perspective, more so among information technology (IT) professionals.

Objective:
To estimate the prevalence and factors associated with work stress among IT professionals during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Bengaluru, India.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was undertaken on a convenient sample of 356 IT professionals in Bengaluru, India, between September 2020 and March 2021 to assess work stress. The weblink to TAWS-16 (Tool to Assess and classify Work Stress) was provided for IT employees to self-report their experience of work-related stressors and coping abilities in the past 6 months. The prevalence and specific prevalence of work stress were calculated. Multi-variate logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with work stress. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Institutional Ethics committee, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru. Informed consent was obtained from study subjects.

Results and Conclusion:
The prevalence of work stress among IT professionals was 17.7% during the COVID19 pandemic, with higher rates among employees aged 31 years and above, among female employees, and among employees with 4–7 years of work experience. More than 80% of the professionals experienced deadline pressures, long working hours, regular multi-tasking, and difficulty in maintaining work–life balance. Based on the results, it is recommended to integrate work-stress assessment in periodical medical examination of IT employees from a health promotion and productivity improvement perspective.
Assessment of breast-feeding and weaning practices of under-fives and their associated co-morbidities in urban and rural areas of Ahmedabad City, Gujarat, India
Authors: Rastogi Swarna , Lala M. K. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Shaping up the post-2015 development agenda is of crucial importance in the development process around the Globe as 20151 was the last year of milllenium development goals. It is the right time to asses our own progress vis-a-vis the Millennium development goals. Appropriate feeding and weaning practices are the key contributor for decreasing morbidities and mortalities in under-five children. As per national family health survey-5 (NFHS-5), only 55.8% of the Indian infants between 0 and 6 months were exclusively breastfed in Gujarat. Children age 6-8 months receiving solid or semi-solid food and breast milk were only 49.4% in Gujarat. Only 5.8% of breastfeeding infants aged 6-23 months receive an adequate diet in Gujarat. Hence the following study was done to know the practice of breastfeeding and weaning in mothers of urban and rural area of Ahmedabad city, Gujarat.

Objective:
The primary objective of this study was to describe the breastfeeding and newborn care practices and the factors affecting the initiation and duration of breastfeeding in urban and rural areas of Ahmedabad city, Gujarat and the secondary objective was to describe the comorbidities associated with them.

Methods:
Cross-sectional study was done in anganwadis of slums of urban and rural field practice area of B.J. Medical College, Ahmedabad.

Results:
Half of the under-five children were provided jaggery as pre-lacteal feed both in urban (45%) and rural (53%) area. In urban area most common reason for providing pre lacteal feeds was due to family customs (55%) followed by their belief that it leads to help in removal of meconium from gut (22%) followed by as advised from their relatives (23%) as compared to in rural area where there was belief that it leads to help in removal of meconium from gut (52%) followed by family customs (31%) and advise from relatives (17%). There were 7.5% under-five children in urban area in whom breastfeeding was not initiated immediately compared to rural area in which there were 42% under-five children.

Conclusion:
Frequent occurrence of acute illness among under-fives may have lead to undernutrition.
An epidemiological study of the determinants and patterns of complementary feeding practices among children of 6–24 months of age group
Authors: Yadav Ashwini , Rawat Shalini , Shastri Shruti 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
The introduction of complementary food is the most important factor determining the nutritional status of the children in the first 2 years of life. This study aimed to find out the determinants and patterns of complementary feeding practices and their impact on the growth and development of children of 6–24 months of age group. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done on immunization out patient department (OPD) in the field practice area of the Department of Community Medicine. The sample size taken was 250 using a systematic random sampling method.

Results:
One hundred and seven (42.8%) were given the optimum amount of complementary food for their age. One hundred and three (41.2%) were fed with an adequate frequency for their age. One hundred and ninety-five (78.0%) were given food that was appropriate in consistency for their age. Among 183 (73.2%) children who were not fed appropriately during and after their illness episodes, 119 (65.0%) were malnourished. On using logistic regression it was seen that the variables which had statistically significant association with the complementary feeding patterns (P<0.05) were maternal education, father’s age, total members in the family, advice on complementary feeding from health care workers and use of bottle for feeding. Father’s education, availability of ration card, antenatal counselling on childcare, birth order and history of repeated illness in the past did not show statistically significant association with complementary feeding practices (P>0.05).

Conclusion:
There was no statistically significant difference between the feeding patterns of normal and malnourished children. The association of complementary feeding practices and the anthropometric status of study children was not found statistically significant in the present study. Advice on complementary feeding from healthcare workers is seen to be having a positive impact on complementary feeding practices (P < 0.01).
Antitubercular drug-induced lichen planus: A case study with a mini literature review
Authors: Shanmukhappa Sanjana C. , John Winny , Kevalramani Vineeta , Lokeshwaran Srivatsa , Furtado Shireen , Nosenoor Mahesh 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Introduction:
Drug-induced lichen planus is a cutaneous adverse effect that manifests as a systemic eruption of flat-topped, erythematous, or violaceous papules resembling lichen planus on the trunk and extremities. Although antitubercular therapy has been linked to cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions, the literature on such cases is scarce. Here, we present a case to contribute to this field, reporting on its presentation and management, and reviewing previous case studies.

Case Report:
Our patient, a 63-year-old male, presented with black pigmented patches on the skin, having been diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis and on antitubercular therapy for the past two months. A diagnosis of ATT-induced lichen planus was made, and all ATT was stopped. The patient was treated with antihistamines, apremilast, tacrolimus, and corticosteroids, and rechallenge of each drug was performed consecutively. No new lesions appeared after rechallenge with isoniazid and rifampicin. However, ethambutol was not reintroduced due to strong suspicion, by exclusion, that it was the offending agent, whereas on rechallenge with isoniazid and rifampicin, the patient’s skin lesions gradually improved with eventual resolution of hyperpigmentation.

Discussion and Conclusion:
Lichenoid drug eruptions are characterized by type IV hypersensitivity reactions, and rechallenge is required to ensure safer treatment since the risk of disseminated and multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis increases with the cessation of antitubercular therapy.
Perceptions of key stakeholders on peer led strength building program for suicide prevention among young adolescents: A qualitative study from Karnataka, India
Authors: Meena Kolar Sridara Murthy , Kapanee Aruna Rose Mary , Cherian Anish V. , Kommu John Vijay Sagar , Baid Harsha , Krishnamurthy Latha , Lepcha Renibi 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Adolescent suicides are a significant public health concern in India and understanding the intersecting perspectives becomes imperative for the prevention of various mental health concerns.

Aim:
Assessing perceptions of various key stakeholders, that is, mental health experts, school and college teachers, and District Mental Health Program staff about peer-led strength building programs for suicide prevention.

Settings and Design:
A cross-sectional qualitative design using two Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with mental health experts and teachers and one FGD with DMHP staff was conducted. The sample comprised 45 participants from Bengaluru urban district.

Materials and Methods:
The data were analyzed manually by the method of direct content analysis, and themes were determined using existing literature.

Results:
The teachers and the DMHP highlighted the need for an intensive training program/module that is necessary to be developed in order to train the peer leaders first. The mental health experts opined that creating a network will help in easy identification of the cases and appropriate treatment could be provided without delays.

Conclusions:
This study indicated that suicide is a preventable public health emergency and inaccessibility to existing as well as proper support systems was perceived as a major concern. Therefore, peer-led programs are beneficial in steering and improving help seeking behavior in suicidal adolescents.
Effect of oral vitamin C administration along with iron supplementation for treating anaemia among adolescent girls - Protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Ukey Ujwala U. , Sharma Sarita K. , Chitre Dhruv S. , Waghmare Paras R. , Dabir Aditi J , Desai Rohini , Palatty Neethubaby 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Anemia among adolescent girls is a worldwide public health problem. Although anemia has several causes, the most common and significant is iron deficiency. Treatment of anemia with iron alone may result in reduced compliance on account of adverse effects. Various studies have revealed that use of vitamin C in addition to iron improves its absorption and reduces the ill effects of the therapy. However, a concrete evidence of adding vitamin C to iron for treating iron deficiency anemia is lacking.

Aims:
Protocol for current systematic review was prepared and registered with the aim to generate evidence on role of vitamin C in addition to iron for treatment of anemia.

Materials and Methods:
Present protocol has been prepared based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and registered with International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews. Data extraction will be done by the reviewers independently. Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool will be used for risk of bias assessment.

Results:
For primary outcome and each of the other outcomes pairwise random effects meta-analysis and network meta-analysis will be performed. Sensitivity analysis will be performed in case of any heterogeneity is detected to find out the difference of the effect estimation between subsets.

Conclusions:
The evidence for role of vitamin C as an adjunct in iron and folic acid for treatment of anemia in adolescent girls will be generated once the systematic review and meta-analysis is completed.
Multipronged effects of increased screen time on the nutritional imbalance: A cross-sectional study of students of Amritsar aged 6-16 years
Authors: Batish Rohit , Oberoi Simmi , Singh Aman D. , Mahajan Sanjeev , Sharma Manohar L. , Sharma Vaishali 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Intense marketing of fast-food items impacts the eating habits among children and adolescents. Various studies suggest that increased screen time leads to increased fast-food consumption and decreased sleep duration, both of which are linked to obesity in growing age.

Objectives:
To assess screen time and dietary habits among the study group and to estimate their effect on sleep deprivation and obesity.

Methods:
This cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2019 to December 2019 in three schools in Amritsar selected by lottery method of simple random sampling. Out of 4,226 students, 355 overweight and obese students were interviewed regarding their dietary habits. An informed written assent was taken from the mothers. The information was collected on a semi-structured, pre-designed questionnaire by interviewing the mothers of students between 6 and 11 years of age and the students of 12–16 years.

Results:
94.4% of students preferred fast foods to regular meals and 58.3% were in the habit of skipping breakfast. 59.4% had a history of daily intake of fast foods while 76.1% had a habit of consuming fast foods while watching television. Only 31.7% had an adequate sleeping pattern of 9–11 hours and 79.7% of the students had a screen time of over 3 hours.

Conclusions:
More the screen time, the more the chances of missing meals. Being awake for a long odd time leads to increased consumption of foods/snacks furthermore. Regarding the harmful effects of fast foods, the source of information was from schools, but only 41.4% were aware about these effects.
Burden of dog bite injuries and wound management practices to prevent rabies among dog owners
Authors: Julka Dhawani , Khan Amir M. , Kumari Nitu , Soni Ujjwal 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Background:
Despite members of dog-owning families being at a higher risk of dog bites owing to their proximity to dogs in their household, there are hardly any studies from India which focus on the burden of dog bites among them and their rabies control and prevention practices. This study aimed to estimate the burden of dog bites among dog owners and their wound management practices to prevent rabies.

Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was conducted among pet dog owners in a high-end housing society of National Capital Region of Delhi. A pre-tested and pre-validated schedule was used to collect data by consecutive sampling through community survey. Data were analyzed using R software. The incidence of dog bites and the status of rabies prevention practices adopted by the participants are presented as proportions. Chi-square test was applied to compare proportions.

Results:
A total of 100 families were studied, which covered 355 family members. The incidence of dog bites in the past 1 year was found to be 44/355, 12.4% (95% confidence interval 9.2–16.3%). Pet dogs were responsible for 31/44 (70.5%) bites. Among 44 dog bite incidents, 30 (68.2%) reported taking any injection after the incident, and 10 (22.7%) reported receiving an anti-rabies vaccine. Only six out of 100 families reported at least one family member covered by rabies pre-exposure prophylaxis.

Conclusion:
The incidence of dog bites among the dog owners was high. The rabies pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis practices adopted by the participants were found to be inadequate.
Is Percentage Improvement in Anteroposterior Pelvic Diameter a Valuable Marker for Successful Drainage Postpyeloplasty in Isolated Pediatric Pelvi-ureteric Junction Obstruction
Authors: Panicker Yogesh Chandran , San Diljith , Vazhiyodan Arunpreeth , Narayanan Sarath Kumar , Ainippully Arun M. 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT

Context:
Pelvic-ureteric junction obstruction (PUJO) causes urine stasis in the renal pelvis and progressive kidney damage. Postpyeloplasty improvement of renal function and urinary drainage is assessed by diuretic isotope renogram and ultrasonography. Renograms are expensive and have radiation exposure. This study explores whether ultrasound parameters such as percentage improvement in anteroposterior pelvic diameter (PI-APD) is a valuable markers for successful pediatric pyeloplasties.

Aims:
The aim of this study was to identify patients who would benefit from ultrasound monitoring of PI-APD alone instead of diuretic isotope renal scan for postoperative follow-up of pyeloplasty.

Settings and Design:
This was a retrospective descriptive study.

Subjects and Methods:
We analyzed 127 pediatric pyeloplasties performed and under follow-up between June 2016 and May 2021. We recorded the postoperative ultrasound and isotope renogram parameters. PI-APD (preoperative AP diameter – postoperative AP diameter)/preoperative AP diameter × 100) was compared with improvement in renogram parameters (differential renal function, Tmax, curve pattern, and retention) to look for a correlation between them.

Statistical Analysis Used:
SPSS version 20.5, Chi-square and paired t-test were used for statistical analysis.

Results:
About 73.2% of patients were males, with most cases detected antenatally (76.4%). The majority was left-sided PUJO (67.7%). The mean age at surgery was 30.8 months. We identified a statistically significant correlation between the ultrasound parameter PI-APD and the renogram parameter Tmax. There is no significant correlation between PI-APD and other renogram parameters.

Conclusions:
In patients whose ultrasound parameter PI-APD is >40% and renal parenchymal thickness has increased, isotope renograms can be avoided for follow-up of postpyeloplasty patients.
Comparison of the Degree of Conversion of Orthodontic Adhesive when Cured with Different Curing Lights
Authors: Louis Chraseeta , Shetty Praveena , Siddharth R , Quadras Dilip Daniel , Mandolil George S. , Rai E. Ajay 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Introduction:
The final physical and mechanical properties of composites are determined by the degree of conversion (DC%) of monomer in the composite, which in turn determines the quality of bonding. Incomplete conversion of monomer might lead to the leach of various chemical compounds from the uncured resin.

Aims and Objectives:
This study assessed the DC% of Transbond XT composite resin when cured with three different light-curing units using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.

Materials and Methods:
A total of 60 metallic brackets were used. The bonding system was Transbond XT Primer, followed by Transbond XT composite resin that cured for 10 s, 3 s with Elipar DeepCure-L 3M and Woodpecker iLED, respectively, as recommended by the manufacturers and 20 s by BeeCool light-emitting diode-corded (taken as control) on extracted natural teeth which were mounted on the plaster of Paris base. One millimetre was used to standardise the distance between the light source and each specimen. Immediately after polymerisation, the debonded cured composites were tested using FTIR spectroscopy to assess DC%. Non-cured resin specimens were also subjected to FTIR spectroscopy, to serve as non-cured references.

Results:
With 3M, Woodpecker and BeeCool, the DC% of monomer was 58.83%, 58.53% and 21.55%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was found between 3M and Woodpecker lights. BeeCool showed significantly lower DC%.

Conclusion:
It is essential for clinicians to have prior knowledge of light-curing units before committing to purchase one as the reduction in exposure time is beneficial for both the patient and the orthodontist.
Peningkatan produksi tanaman tomat (lycopersicum es-culentum mill.) Melalui pemberian pupuk fosfor (P) dan mangan (Mn)
Authors: Widi Astutik Lintang , Tripama Bagus , Wijaya Insan 
Published: March 2024

Tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) merupakan salah satu komoditas penting dalam menunjang ketersediaan pangan dan kecukupan gizi bagi masyarakat. Pemupukan merupakan salah satu cara yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan produksi tanaman tomat. Unsur hara yang dibutuhkan tanaman baik makro maupun mikro anatara lain yaitu P dan Mn. Fosfor berperan dalam merangsang pertumbuhan akar, mempercepet pembungaan serta pemasakan biji dan buah. Mangan berperan dalam proses fotosintesis, sintesis ATP, biosintesis klorofil, serta biosintesis isoprenoid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk peningkatan produksi tanaman tomat melalui pemberian pupuk fosfor (P) dan Mangan (Mn). Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan acak Kelompok (RAK) Faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor yaitu dosis pupuk fosfor (P) dan dosis pupuk mangan (Mn). Dosis pupuk P yang digunakan yaitu 0 g, 7,50 g, 15,0 g dan 22,50 g per polybag. Dosis pupuk Mn yang digunakan yaitu 0 g, 0,40 g, 0,80 g dan 1,20 g per polybag. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan in-teraksi antara pupuk fosfor dan mangan hanya berbeda nyata terhadap variabel berat per buah, sedangkan variabel lainnya berbeda tidak nyata. Kombinasi P2Mn0 memberikan hasil berat per buah terbaik dengan berat rata-rata per buah yaitu 46,64 g, sedangkan kombinasi perlakuan P0Mn3 menunjukkan hasil terendah dengan berat per buah yaitu sebesar 38,45 g. Faktor tunggal pupuk fosfor berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua variabel pengamatan, sedangkan faktor tunggal pupuk mangan tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap setiap variabel pengamatan. Interaksi pupuk fosfor dan mangan hanya berpengaruh terhadap variabel berat per buah.
Implementasi Budaya Literasi oleh Mahasiswa KKN Tematik Melalui Optimalisasi Pojok Baca: Studi Kasus SDN 02 Karanganyar
Authors: Novia Putri Riyantika  , Zilfa Maulidah  , Achmad Munawirul Madani  
Published: March 2024

Permasalahan dalam penelitian ini adalah di SDN 02 Karanganyar masih terdapat peserta didik yang be-lum lancer membac. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan ketersediaan pojok baca yang berdampak pada minat baca siswa. Kegiatan ini bertujuan untuk mengimplementasi budaya literasi. Metode penelitian dalam penelitian ini adalah ,etode kualitatif deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian studi kasus. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan observasi dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa implementasi Gerakan Literasi Sekolah GLS melalui pojok baca di SDN 02 Karanganyar telah sampai tahap pembiasaan. Tahap pembiasaan dilakukan dengan kegiatan membaca sebelum pembelajaran dimulai. Hasil program ini menunjukkan dampak positif terhadap peningkatan literasi siswa literasi siswa secara signifikan di SDN 02 Karanganyar. Setelah melalui proses renovasi dan pengembangan pojok baca menjadi lebih menarik dan nyaman bagi siswa, dan juga mengembangkan minat baca dan keterampilan membaca terhadap siswa. Dengan adanya program Gerakan Literasi Sekolah (GLS), diharapkan literasi siswa di sekolah dasar dapat meningkat secara signifikan, dan memberikan dampak positif dalam perkembangan dalam minat baca terhadap siswa SDN 02 Karanganyar.