bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Partner Satisfaction in Labiaplasty Patients
Authors: Bestel Melih , Ucar Elif , Dogan Ozan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Labiaplasty, which has become increasingly popular in recent years, is chosen by women for both cosmetic and functional reasons. It creates significant changes in female sexuality, resulting in high satisfaction rates, but there are limited data on its effects on male sexual response.

Objectives
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of labiaplasty on partners.

Methods
The partners of 49 patients who underwent labiaplasty between January 2020 and May 2023 were included in the study. Male Sexual Health Questionnaire Ejaculatory Dysfunction (MSHQ-EjD), Golombok-Rust Sexual Satisfaction Scale, and New Sexual Satisfaction Scale questionnaires were administered to the partners preoperatively and 6 months postoperatively.

Results
There was no significant difference between preoperative and postoperative responses to the MSHQ-EjD questionnaire. The postoperative increase in the New Sexual Satisfaction Scale compared with the preoperative score was statistically significant. Statistically significant positive changes were observed postoperatively in the Golombok-Rust Sexual Satisfaction Scale categories of intercourse frequency, communication, satisfaction, and nature of sexual intercourse.

Conclusions
Labiaplasty operation had positive effects on male sexual response but had no effect on ejaculation function and difficulty.

Level of Evidence: 3
Exact selective inference with randomization
Authors: Panigrahi Snigdha , Fry Kevin , Taylor Jonathan 
Published: April 2024

Summary
We introduce a pivot for exact selective inference with randomization. Not only does our pivot lead to exact inference in Gaussian regression models, but it is also available in closed form. We reduce this problem to inference for a bivariate truncated Gaussian variable. By doing so, we give up some power that is achieved with approximate maximum likelihood estimation in Panigrahi & Taylor (2023). Yet our pivot always produces narrower confidence intervals than a closely related data-splitting procedure. We investigate the trade-off between power and exact selective inference on simulated datasets and an HIV drug resistance dataset.
Diffusion tensor imaging reveals subclinical alterations in muscles of patients with Becker muscular dystrophy
Authors: Nava Simone , Conte Giorgio , Triulzi Fabio M , Comi Giacomo P , Magri Francesca , Velardo Daniele , Cinnante Claudia M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD) is a relatively less investigated neuromuscular disease, partially overlapping the phenotype of Duchenne dystrophy (DMD). Physiopathological and anatomical patterns are still not comprehensively known, despite recent effort in the search of early biomarkers. Aim of this study was to selectively compare normal appearing muscles of BMD with healthy controls.

Methods
Among a pool of 40 BMD patients and 20 healthy controls, Sartorius and gracilis muscles were selected on the basis of a blinded clinical quantitative/qualitative evaluation, if classified as normal (0 or 1 on Mercuri scale) and subsequently segmented on diffusion tensor MRI scans with a tractographic approach. Diffusion derived parameters were extracted.

Results
Non-parametric testing revealed significant differences between normal and normal appearing BMD derived parameters in both muscles, the difference being more evident in sartorius. Bonferroni-corrected P-values (&lt;.05) of Mann-Whitney test could discriminate between BMD and controls for standard deviation of all diffusion parameters (mean diffusivity, fractional anisotropy, axial and radial diffusivity) in both sartorius and gracilis, while in sartorius the significant difference was found also in the average values of the same parameters (with exception of RD).

Conclusions
This method could identify microstructural alterations in BMD normal appearing sartorius and gracilis.

Advances in knowledge
Diffusion based MRI could be able to identify possible early or subclinical microstructural alterations in dystrophic patients with BMD.
How New Regulation of Laboratory-Developed Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests Will Affect Infectious Diseases Clinical Practice
Authors: Wolfe Kaleb H , Pierce Virginia M , Humphries Romney M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) affects 2.8 million Americans annually. AMR is identified through antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), but current and proposed regulatory policies from the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) jeopardize the future availability of AST for many microorganisms. Devices that perform AST must be cleared by the FDA using their susceptibility test interpretive criteria, also known as breakpoints. The FDA list of breakpoints is relatively short. Today, laboratories supplement FDA breakpoints using breakpoints published by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, using legacy devices and laboratory-developed tests (LDTs). FDA proposes to regulate LDTs, and with no FDA breakpoints for many drug–bug combinations, the risk is loss of AST for key clinical indications and stifling innovation in technology development. Effective solutions require collaboration between manufacturers, infectious diseases clinicians, pharmacists, laboratories, and the FDA.
Familial hyperaldosteronism: an European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions clinical practice guideline
Authors: Mulatero Paolo , Scholl Ute I , Fardella Carlos E , Charmandari Evangelia , Januszewicz Andrzej , Reincke Martin , Gomez-Sanchez Celso E , Stowasser Michael , Dekkers Olaf M 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We describe herein the European Reference Network on Rare Endocrine Conditions clinical practice guideline on diagnosis and management of familial forms of hyperaldosteronism. The guideline panel consisted of 10 experts in primary aldosteronism, endocrine hypertension, paediatric endocrinology, and cardiology as well as a methodologist. A systematic literature search was conducted, and because of the rarity of the condition, most recommendations were based on expert opinion and small patient series. The guideline includes a brief description of the genetics and molecular pathophysiology associated with each condition, the patients to be screened, and how to screen. Diagnostic and treatment approaches for patients with genetically determined diagnosis are presented. The recommendations apply to patients with genetically proven familial hyperaldosteronism and not to families with more than one case of primary aldosteronism without demonstration of a responsible pathogenic variant.
Analysis of a Large Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (Alpha) Outbreak in a Catalan Prison Using Conventional and Genomic Epidemiology
Authors: Bordoy Antoni E , Vallès Xavier , Fernández-Náger Juan , Sánchez-Roig Montserrat , Fernández-Recio Juan , Saludes Verónica , Noguera-Julian Marc , Blanco Ignacio , Martró Elisa ,   for the Quatre Camins COVID-19 Study Group, Balcázar E P , Díaz M R , Encarnación R , Fuentes M , Gallego C , Pale A M , Puig P , Moreno E A , Puertolas A , Chouldry G , Sala I , Jiménez A G , Armenteros B , Alvo J , Gómez S , Guillament M , Martínez D , Martin A , Moruno M A , Parra N , Puig A , Rodríguez F J , Sánchez M , Varoucha A C , Moreno M , Martínez J , Huguet S , Sánchez A , Alonso T , Garcia M , Prat E , Aranda A , Arguelles M J , Azqueta J , Cruz E , Egido R M , Galvany R , Garcia B , González M , González V , Infante J A , Latorre C , Márquez P , Muñoz I , Porras M , Ramos M , Escamilla M , Santalucía J , Riquelme M , Rastrollo L , Pedrerol M , Caraballo V , Fontan J , Verú M , Conill V , Soler L , Panisello Yagüe D , Casañ C , Clarà G , Giménez M , Guerrero-Murillo M , Cardona P J , Marco Andrés 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Enforcing strict protocols that prevent transmission of airborne infections in prisons is challenging. We examine a large severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 outbreak in a Catalan penitentiary center in February–April 2021, prior to vaccination deployment. The aim was to describe the evolution of the outbreak using classical and genomic epidemiology and the containment strategy applied. The outbreak was initially detected in 1 module but spread to 4, infecting 7 staff members and 140 incarcerated individuals, 6 of whom were hospitalized (4.4%). Genomic analysis confirmed a single origin (B.1.1.7). Contact tracing identified transmission vectors between modules and prevented further viral spread. In future similar scenarios, the control strategy described here may help limit transmission of airborne infections in correctional settings.
Tandem amplification of a plasmid-borne tet(A) variant gene confers tigecycline resistance in Escherichia coli
Authors: Zou Chenhui , Xu Chunyan , Yu Runhao , Shan Xinxin , Schwarz Stefan , Li Dexi , Du Xiang-Dang 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
To elucidate the mechanism of tigecycline resistance in Escherichia coli that is mediated by the tet(A) variant gene.

Methods
E. coli strain 573 carried a plasmid-borne tet(A) variant gene, tentatively designated tet(A)TIG, that conferred decreased tigecycline susceptibility (MIC 0.5 mg/L). When exposed to increasing concentrations of tigecycline (0.25–8 mg/L), mutants growing at 2, 4 and 8 mg/L were obtained and sequenced. Copies of plasmid and tet(A)TIG relative to the chromosomal DNA in the mutants were determined by WGS and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Expression of tet(A)TIG in the mutants was evaluated by RT–qPCR. The tet(A)TIG-carrying plasmids were visualized by S1-PFGE and Southern blot hybridization. PCR served for the detection of a tet(A)TIG-carrying unconventional circularizable structure (UCS).

Results
Tigecycline resistance with maximum MICs of 16 mg/L was seen in E. coli mutants selected in the presence of tigecycline. Compared with the parental strain, the relative copy number and transcription level of tet(A)TIG in the mutants increased significantly in the presence of 2, 4 and 8 mg/L tigecycline, respectively. With increasing tigecycline selection pressure, the tet(A)TIG-carrying plasmids in the mutants increased in size, correlating with the number of tandem amplificates of a ΔTnAs1-flanked UCS harbouring tet(A)TIG. These tandem amplificates were not stable in the absence of tigecycline.

Conclusions
Tigecycline resistance is due to the tandem amplification of a ΔTnAs1-flanked tet(A)TIG-carrying plasmid-borne segment in E. coli. The gain/loss of the tandem amplificates in the presence/absence of tigecycline represents an economic way for the bacteria to survive in the presence of tigecycline.
Impaired Cholesterol Uptake Capacity in Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia and Diabetes Mellitus
Authors: Seto Yutaro , Nagao Manabu , Iino Takuya , Harada Amane , Murakami Katsuhiro , Miwa Keiko , Shinohara Masakazu , Nishimori Makoto , Yoshikawa Sachiko , Asakura Junko , Fujioka Tomoo , Ishida Tatsuro , Hirata Ken-ichi , Toh Ryuji 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Although low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are a common metabolic abnormality associated with insulin resistance, their role in cardiovascular risk stratification remains controversial. Recently, we developed a simple, high-throughput, cell-free assay system to evaluate the “cholesterol uptake capacity (CUC)” as a novel concept for HDL functionality. In this study, we assessed the CUC in patients with hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes mellitus.

Methods
The CUC was measured using cryopreserved serum samples from 285 patients who underwent coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention between December 2014 and May 2019 at Kobe University Hospital.

Results
The CUC was significantly lower in diabetic patients (n = 125) than in nondiabetic patients (93.0 vs 100.7 arbitrary units (A.U.), P = 0.002). Patients with serum triglyceride (TG) levels &gt;150 mg/dL (n = 94) also had a significantly lower CUC (91.8 vs 100.0 A.U., P = 0.004). Furthermore, the CUC showed a significant inverse correlation with TG, hemoglobin A1c (Hb A1c), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and body mass index (BMI). Finally, the HDL-C/Apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) ratio, calculated as a surrogate index of HDL particle size, was significantly positively correlated with the CUC (r2 = 0.49, P &lt; 0.001), but inversely correlated with TG levels (r2 = −0.30, P &lt; 0.001).

Conclusions
The CUC decreased in patients with hypertriglyceridemia and diabetes mellitus, and HDL particle size was a factor defining the CUC and inversely correlated with TG levels, suggesting that impaired CUC in insulin-resistant states was partially due to the shift in HDL towards smaller particles. These findings provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying impaired HDL functionality.
Implementation of a Self-Audit Tool Improves Regulatory Compliance for Point-of-Care Respiratory Virus Testing in the Emergency Department
Authors: Rackow Ashley R , Mumford Jeanne , Stauffer Jennifer , Colburn Tracy , Bledsoe Lesley , Clarke William A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Point-of-care testing in the emergency department decreases wait times and supports evidence-based patient care. However, hurdles to successful implementation include management of interdisciplinary work flows and establishment of an effective quality control program. As COVID-19 testing is now integrated into screening protocols in emergency and urgent care settings, hospital systems must maintain flexible and adaptable respiratory virus testing to adapt to regional trends in transmission. In response to this challenge, our hospital system established a point-of-care respiratory virus laboratory within the emergency department to test for COVID, influenza A/B, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). However, maintaining regulatory compliance and standardized protocols within such a dynamic environment became challenging.

Methods
We launched a quality improvement initiative to support improved performance and efficiency in the point-of-care laboratory with a focus on regulatory benchmarks. Following a period of observation and discussion with key stakeholders in the emergency department and pathology, an audit tool was developed and to be deployed in collaboration with ED nursing. Utilizing the new tool, ED nursing would perform audits in parallel to audits performed by point-of-care staff.

Results
Prior to the intervention, the average audit score was approximately 55%; 6 months following the intervention, audit scores have remained stable at approximately 80%, representing a significant improvement in regulatory compliance.

Conclusions
Creation of a regulatory tool enabled real-time cross-departmental monitoring of regulatory compliance. These findings underscore the importance of developing transparent interdisciplinary work flows and effective communication to improve patient care.
Isatuximab-Specific Immunofixation Electrophoresis Assay to Remove Interference in Serum M-Protein Measurement in Patients with Multiple Myeloma
Authors: Thoren Katie , Menad Samia , Nouadje Georges , Macé Sandrine 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Isatuximab, an IgG-kappa (IgGκ) anti-cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38) monoclonal antibody approved for use in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma (MM), can potentially interfere with the visualization of endogenous monoclonal protein (M-protein) on standard immunofixation electrophoresis (IFE) and lead to inaccurate classification of a patient’s response to therapy. The Hydrashift 2/4 isatuximab IFE assay (Hydrashift isatuximab assay) removes isatuximab interference from IFE. Using samples from patients enrolled in clinical trials of isatuximab-based therapy for MM, we demonstrate how the Hydrashift isatuximab assay improves the ability to detect residual M-protein and offer recommendations for when the assay is most useful.

Methods
Samples from 141 patients with a variety of known M-protein isotypes were selected and analyzed by standard IFE and the Hydrashift isatuximab assay. A positive control containing isatuximab was run on every standard IFE and Hydrashift gel.

Results
The Hydrashift isatuximab assay reliably shifted the migration of isatuximab in patient samples. Standard IFE was adequate for determining 104 patients’ M-protein status, and the Hydrashift isatuximab assay confirmed these results. In samples from 37 patients with a history of IgGκ MM and a single IgGκ band visible on standard IFE near the isatuximab migration site, the Hydrashift isatuximab assay was able to separate isatuximab from endogenous M-protein, identifying residual M-protein in 17 samples and preventing false-positive interpretations of standard IFE in 20 samples.

Conclusions
The Hydrashift isatuximab assay is most useful in patients with known IgGκ MM when a single IgGκ band appears near the isatuximab migration site on standard IFE during isatuximab-based therapy.

ClinicalTrials.gov Registration Numbers
NCT03275285 and NCT03319667.
Characterizing the target of interest underlying a complex overburden with target-oriented elastic waveform inversion
Authors: Li Yuanyuan , Alkhalifah Tariq , Huang Jianping , Li Zhenchun 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
It remains challenging for elastic full waveform inversion (EFWI) to characterize the elastic properties of a target reservoir deep beneath complex overburden media. This can be attributed to two factors. (1) The complex wavefield distortions arising from the overburden obscure the target reflection properties, resulting in a target zone with limited energy illumination. (2) High-resolution EFWI for the whole inversion domain is computationally expensive. To overcome these challenges, instead of directly inverting for the subsurface model using surface seismic data, we develop a target-oriented elastic waveform inversion scheme. We first retrieve the elastic reflection response to the target zone of interest by projecting seismic data from the surface to the datum level. Then, we can apply high-resolution EFWI on the target zone by using the retrieved elastic reflection data. To better handle the complex overburden, which may include anisotropy and salt bodies, we make full use of the prior estimate of the overburden in the redatuming process to obtain a reliable reflection response to the target zone. In the numerical examples, we use the SEG Advanced Modeling (SEAM) model with an anisotropic overburden and a salt body model to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method and analyze the influence of anisotropy and high-contrast salt in the overburden on the redatuming and inversion results, respectively.
Alcohol and colorectal cancer risk, subclassified by mutational signatures of DNA mismatch repair deficiency
Authors: Fang Aiping , Ugai Tomotaka , Gurjao Carino , Zhong Rong , Liu Zhenhua , Zhang Xinyuan , Wang Peilu , Nowak Jonathan , Wang Molin , Giannakis Marios , Ogino Shuji , Zhang Xuehong , Giovannucci Edward 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
We examined whether the association between alcohol consumption and colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence was stronger for tumors with higher contributions of defective mismatch repair (dMMR)–related tumor mutational signatures.

Methods
We used data from 227 916 men and women who participated in the Nurses’ Health Study (1980-2016), the Nurses’ Health Study II (1991-2017), and the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1986-2016). Dietary data were collected every 4 years through validated food frequency questionnaires. Relative contributions of 2 defective mismatch repair–related tumor mutational signatures with single-based substitutions (c-dMMRa/SBS15 and c-dMMRb/SBS26) were quantified using whole-exome sequencing data in a subset of incident CRC patients. Duplication-method Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the association between alcohol consumption and the risk of CRC subtypes according to different contributions of the tumor mutational signatures. All statistical tests were 2-sided.

Results
We documented 825 incident CRC patients with available tumor mutational signature data over 26 to 36 years of follow-up. The association between alcohol consumption and CRC incidence was stronger for tumors with higher contributions of c-dMMRb/SBS26 (Ptrend = .02 for heterogeneity) compared with tumors with lower contributions of this tumor mutational signature. Compared with nondrinkers, drinkers who imbibed 15 g/d or more of alcohol had a high risk of c-dMMRb/SBS26-high CRC (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio = 2.43, 95% confidence interval = 1.55 to 3.82) but not c-dMMRb/SBS26-low CRC (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio = 0.86, 95% confidence interval = 0.57 to 1.28) or c-dMMRb/SBS26-moderate CRC (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio = 1.14, 95% confidence interval = 0.76 to 1.71). No significant differential associations were observed for c-dMMRa/SBS15 (Ptrend = .41 for heterogeneity).

Conclusions
High alcohol consumption was associated with an increased incidence of CRC containing higher contributions of c-dMMRb/SBS26, suggesting that alcohol consumption may be involved in colorectal carcinogenesis through the DNA mismatch repair pathway.
NADPH oxidase-mediated sulfenylation of cysteine derivatives regulates plant immunity
Authors: Hino Yuta , Inada Taichi , Yoshioka Miki , Yoshioka Hirofumi 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are rapidly generated during plant immune responses by respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH), which is a plasma membrane-localized NADPH oxidase. Although regulatory mechanisms of RBOH activity have been well documented, the ROS-mediated downstream signaling is unclear. We here demonstrated that ROS sensor proteins play a central role in ROS signaling via oxidative post-translational modification of cysteine residues, sulfenylation. To detect protein sulfenylation, we used dimedone, which specifically and irreversibly binds to sulfenylated proteins. The sulfenylated proteins were labeled by dimedone in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, and the conjugates were detected by immunoblot analyses. In addition, a reductant dissociated H2O2-induced conjugates, suggesting that cysteine persulfide and/or polysulfides are involved in sulfenylation. These sulfenylated proteins were continuously increased during both pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) in a RBOH-dependent manner. Pharmacological inhibition of ROS sensor proteins by dimedone perturbated cell death, ROS accumulation induced by INF1 and MEK2DD, and defense against fungal pathogens. On the other hand, Rpi-blb2-mediated ETI responses were enhanced by dimedone. These results suggest that the sulfenylation of cysteine and its derivatives in various ROS sensor proteins are important events downstream of the RBOH-dependent ROS burst to regulate plant immune responses.