bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Cryoprotective effects and mechanisms of soybean oligosaccharides on the grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) surimi during frozen storage
Authors: Mo Yijie , Zhang Xia , Zhang Lingzhi , Guo Xiao , Lin Yanxin , Ren Jing , Ding Yuqin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDConventional cryoprotectant mixtures (sucrose and sorbitol) impart excessive sweetness and calories to surimi. Therefore, there is a need to explore alternative cryoprotectants with low sweetness and low‐calorie content. The cryoprotective effects and possible mechanisms of soybean oligosaccharides (SBOS) on the frozen stability of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) surimi were investigated during 120 days of frozen storage in a comparison with commercial cryoprotectants (4% sucrose and 4% sorbitol, w/w).RESULTSSBOS at 6–8% (w/w) and commercial cryoprotectants could restrain water mobility and reduce thawing loss of frozen surimi by increasing non‐freezable water content. SBOS could maintain the structural stability of proteins by preventing sulfhydryl groups from being rapidly oxidized to disulfide bonds, retarding the reduction of the solubility, Ca2+‐ATPase activity and α‐helix content of myofibrillar proteins (MP), as well as hindering the increasing surface hydrophobicity of MP of surimi during 120 days of frozen storage. The introduction of SBOS increased the gel strength and water‐holding capacity of frozen‐stored surimi. Compared with commercial cryoprotectants, 8% SBOS was more effective in stabilizing protein structure, whereas it was slightly less effective with respect to ice‐forming inhibition.CONCLUSIONThe results obtained in the present study suggest that 8% SBOS could be potentially developed as a new cryoprotectant for surimi as a result of its ice‐forming inhibition abilities and protein structure stability. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Heat/non‐heat treatment alleviates β‐conglycinin‐triggered food allergy reactions by modulating the Th1/Th2 immune balance in a BALB/c mouse model
Authors: Li Tanghao , Bu Guanhao , Chen Yixuan , Zhao Qingqing , Chang Yongfeng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDWith the increasing popularity of plant protein‐based diets, soy proteins are favored as the most important source of plant protein worldwide. However, potential food allergy risks limit their use in the food industry. This work aims to reveal the mechanism of β‐conglycinin‐induced food allergy, and to explore the regulatory mechanism of heat treatment and high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment in a BALB/c mouse model.RESULTSOur results showed that oral administration of β‐conglycinin induced severe allergic symptoms in BALB/c mice, but these symptoms were effectively alleviated through heat treatment and HHP treatment. Moreover, β‐conglycinin stimulated lymphocyte proliferation and differentiation; a large number of cytokines interleukin (IL)‐4, IL‐5, IL‐10, IL‐12 and IL‐13 were released and interferon γ secretion was inhibited, which disrupted the Th1/Th2 immune balance and promoted the differentiation and proliferation of naive T cells into Th2‐type cells.CONCLUSIONHeat/non‐heat treatment altered the conformation of soybean protein, which significantly reduced allergic reactions in mice. This regulatory mechanism may be associated with Th1/Th2 immune balance. Our results provide data support for understanding the changes in allergenicity of soybean protein within the food industry. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Satisfactory mid‐term clinical outcomes of endoscopic tenotomy for iliopsoas tendinopathy following total hip arthroplasty
Authors: Erard Julien , Viamont‐Guerra Maria‐Roxana ,   ReSurg, Bonin Nicolas 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeTo report 5‐year outcomes of endoscopic iliopsoas tenotomy in patients with iliopsoas tendinopathy following total hip arthroplasty (THA) and determine whether clinical scores are associated with cup position.MethodsPatients who underwent endoscopic iliopsoas tenotomy for iliopsoas tendinopathy following THA (2014–2017) were contacted. Indications for endoscopic iliopsoas tenotomy after THA were groin pain during active hip flexion, exclusion of other causes of groin pain, and no pain relief after 6 months of conservative treatment. Pretenotomy cup inclination and anteversion were measured on radiographs; axial and sagittal cup overhang were measured on computed tomography (CT) scans. Oxford hip score (OHS), modified Harris hip score (mHHS), and groin pain were assessed.ResultsThe initial cohort comprised 16 men (17 hips) and 31 women (32 hips), aged 60.7 ± 10.6 years. Cup inclination and anteversion were, respectively, 46.2 ± 6.2° and 14.6 ± 8.4°, while axial and sagittal cup overhang were, respectively, 4.4 ± 4.0 mm and 6.9 ± 4.5 mm. At ≥5 years follow‐up, four hips underwent cup and stem revision, two underwent isolated cup revision and one underwent secondary iliopsoas tenotomy. OHS improved by 23 ± 10 and mHHS improved by 31 ± 16. Posttenotomy groin pain was slight in 20.0%, mild in 17.5% and moderate in 12.5%. Regression analyses revealed that net change in mHHS decreased with sagittal cup overhang (β = –3.1; 95% confidence interval [CI] = –4.6 to –1.7; p < 0.001), but that there were no associations between cup position and net change in OHS.ConclusionsEndoscopic iliopsoas tenotomy provides good mid‐term clinical outcomes in patients with iliopsoas tendinopathy following THA. Furthermore, improvements in mHHS were found to decrease with increasing sagittal cup overhang, in cases for which adequate preoperative imaging was available.Level of EvidenceLevel IV.
Reproductive toxicities of dimethyl phthalates on Caenorhabditis elegans with alteration in responses over life stages
Authors: Zhang Jing , Huang Yuheng , Yu Zhenyang , Mo Lingyun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPhthalate esters (PAEs) raised serious concerns on their health risk due to their toxicities. However, toxicities of low‐molecular‐weight PAEs, for example, dimethyl phthalates (DMPs), remained poorly investigated. In the present study, the reproductive toxicities of dimethyl (o‐)phthalate (DMOP), dimethyl (p‐)phthalate (DMPP), and dimethyl (m‐)phthalate (DMMP) were measured on Caenorhabditis elegans with mechanical exploration. Results showed that DMPP, DMOP, and DMMP commonly inhibited the total reproduction while stimulated lifespan, showing trade‐off effects. In effects on gene expressions, DMPP, DMOP, and DMMP caused different regulations on the expressions of vab‐1, ceh‐18, and gsa‐1 which are involved in oocyte growth, ovulation, and maturation. Meanwhile, they commonly downregulated those of rme‐2 and rcy‐4 that regulate germ cells and gonads and lipid metabolism in oocytes. Moreover, the effects on biochemicals that regulate reproductive processes showed alteration between stimulation and inhibition over life stages. In addition, effects at apical, biochemical, and molecular levels clearly showed the structure influences on the toxicities. Summing up, reproductive toxicities of DMPs depended on the exposure life stages and also the chemical structures.
Enhancement of electrical conductivity of biopolymer by sulfur nanoparticle dispersion technique
Authors: Singha R. , Mullick H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPresent work reports the investigation of the effect of different percentages of nanosized elemental sulfur particle grown in a biopolymer matrix. Sulfur is known for treatment against bacterial infections as an antimicrobial agent from ages as elemental sulfur and sulfur‐rich compounds interact with biological systems. In‐situ growth of sulfur nanoparticles is processed by the passage of environment friendly hydrogen sulfide gas in hydrated solution of gum acacia biopolymer. Gum acacia is ion conducting, plant derived natural polymer. In this work, structural and morphological studies are examined by x‐ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. It is found that with increasing concentration of sulfur nanoparticles the spheroidal shaped nanostructures grow in size and approaches the micron realm. Electrical characterization of the nanostructure synthesized biopolymer is observed by varying frequency over a broad‐spectrum range. Direct current electrical conductivity is found to be enhanced by 40 times higher over pure specimen.
Study on the preparation of recycled boards instead of wood boards from waste cellulose
Authors: Zhou Y. , Yao J. , Chen Q. , Xiao J. , Zhang N. , Zhuang Y. , Yang H. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe research on a novel preparation method for functional scaffolds from natural cellulose has attracted widespread attention in science and engineering. In order to obtain cellulose board which is similar to wood board in structure and mechanical properties, ice template, phase inversion under low temperature, and hot pressing were employed to fabricate board from natural cellulose. During preparation, ice template was used to control cellulose molecules arrange forming excellent orientation in the scaffold. Then, prepared scaffold was immersed in ethanol under −20 °C to remove salt ions used in cellulose resolve process, and keep the direction arrange of molecules in scaffold. Finally, prepared scaffold was treated by hot pressing for pushing off air in pores to form density board. Scanning electron microscopy image showed that prepared scaffold has directional cellulose arrange structure which was similar to that of wood. After hot pressing, the density of scaffold is increased. The mechanical properties of cellulose boards are enhanced with the increase of cellulose concentration, and the tensile strength can reach about 45 MPa, which has great potential in replacing natural wood boards. Our study provides new tactics for the use of natural cellulose in our life.
Fabrication of wear resistant nanocomposite and its mechanical properties: A step towards sustainability
Authors: Arya V. , Padap A. K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNowadays, particulate reinforced aluminium composites are appealing structural materials for numerous applications, such as automotive and aerospace, due to their low weight and high specific strength. Nanocomposite morphology and interfacial properties may alter when nano sized particles are reinforced with an aluminium matrix. The addition of nano reinforcement of aluminium oxide particle improve the mechanical strength of base alloy and a further improvement in mechanical properties may be enhanced by grain refinement processed under multi axial forging technique. The present study demonstrates the synthesis of wear resistant nanocomposite. It also investigates the effect of multi axial forging on microstructure, mechanical properties and wear behaviour of aluminium based nanocomposite. Optical microscopy and electron backscatter diffraction techniques were used for microstructural characterization. The fractography and worn surface analysis were examined by using scanning electron microscopy. Energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy is used to show the presence of nanoparticles in casting. After three multi axial forging passes, the average grain size was reduced up to 4.2 μm as cast and 1.15 μm in nanocomposite. The wear resistance, microhardness and tensile strength of multi axial forging processed nanocomposite were significantly improved. All improved mechanical and wear properties cause the material one step towards sustainability.
Operational scheme for predicting tropical cyclone wind radius based on a statistical–dynamical approach and track pattern clustering
Authors: Kim Hye‐Ji , Moon Il‐Ju , Won Seong‐Hee 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAn operational scheme for predicting the symmetric R30 and R50 of tropical cyclones (TCs) in the western North Pacific was developed using a statistical regression method and track pattern clustering (four clusters). The statistical–dynamical model employs multiple linear regressions of two to eight variables at each cluster and forecast lead time. The dependent variable for prediction was the change in the 5‐kt wind radius (R5)—a proxy of TC size—relative to the initial time. The performance of the model was compared for the training (2008–2016) and testing (2017–2018) periods. The effect of clustering on TC size prediction was evaluated by comparing the performance of the non‐clustering and clustering models. The clustering model improved the prediction of TC size by 3%–24% at all lead times during the training period, especially with a significant improvement of up to 43% in Cluster 2. In Cluster 2, because most TCs tend to develop strongly and continue to increase in size, it greatly reduced the variability in TC size through clustering, allowed for smarter predictor selection, and ultimately improved TC size prediction. In the real‐time R30 and R50 predictions for the 2017 and 2018 TCs, the error of the clustered model was 18%–19% less than that of the non‐clustered model. The analysis results revealed that the real‐time prediction errors of the current model increase when the TC tracks are difficult to classify into specific clusters, the predicted environments and TC tracks are inaccurate, and the size and intensity of a TC rapidly increase.
Quantitative ultrasonography reveals skeletal muscle abnormalities in carriers of DMD pathogenic variants
Authors: Loureiro Bruna Melo Coelho , de Brito Mariana Rabelo , Iwabe Cristina , Dertkigil Sergio San Juan , França Marcondes C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroduction/AimsCarriers of DMD pathogenic variants may become symptomatic and develop muscle‐related manifestations. Despite that, few studies have attempted to characterize changes in the muscles of these carriers using imaging tools, particularly muscle ultrasound (MUS). The aim of this study was to compare lower limb MUS findings in carriers of DMD pathogenic variants (cDMD) vs healthy controls.MethodsTwenty‐eight women (15 cDMD and 13 controls) underwent clinical evaluation and MUS. We collected information about muscle‐related symptoms and assessed muscle strength. MUS was performed by a single physician (blind to the genetic status of subjects). The following muscles were assessed: rectus femoris, sartorius, tibialis anterior, and medial gastrocnemius. For each site, we computed data on muscle thickness, cross‐sectional area, sound attenuation index, and elastography. Between‐group comparisons were assessed using nonparametric tests and p‐values <.05 were deemed significant.ResultsNone of the subjects had objective muscle weakness, but exercise intolerance/fatigue was reported by four cDMDs and only one control. Regarding MUS, sound attenuation indices were significantly higher among carriers for all muscles tested. Longitudinal and axial deep echo intensities for the rectus femoris and tibialis anterior were also higher in the cDMD group compared with controls. No significant between‐group differences were noted for elastography values, muscle area, or mean echo intensities.DiscussioncDMD have skeletal muscle abnormalities that can be detected using quantitative MUS. Further studies are needed to determine whether such abnormalities are related to muscle symptoms in these patients.
Analysis of legacy gravity data reveals sediment‐filled troughs buried under Flathead Valley, Montana, USA
Authors: Gebril Ali , Khalil Mohamed A. , Joeckel R. M. , Rose James 
Published: March 2024

AbstractShallow, dominantly silt‐ and clay‐filled erosional troughs in Quaternary sediments under the Flathead Valley (northwestern Montana, USA) are very likely to be hydraulic barriers limiting the horizontal flow of groundwater. Accurately mapping them is important because of increasing demand for groundwater. We used a legacy Bouguer gravity map measured in 1968. The directional derivatives of the map are computed, and the map was enhanced by implementing edge detection tools. We produced generalized derivative, maximum horizontal gradient, total gradient and tilt gradient maps through two‐dimensional Fourier transform analysis. These maps were remarkably successful in locating buried troughs in the northern and northwestern parts of the study area, closely matching locations determined previously from compiled borehole data. Our results also identify hitherto unknown extensions of troughs and indicate that some of the buried troughs may be connected.
A locally calculable P3‐pressure in a decoupled method for incompressible Stokes equations
Authors: Park Chunjae 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article will suggest a new finite element method to find a ‐velocity and a ‐pressure solving incompressible Stokes equations at low cost. The method solves first the decoupled equation for a ‐velocity. Then, using the calculated velocity, a locally calculable ‐pressure will be defined component‐wisely. The resulting ‐pressure is analyzed to have the optimal order of convergence. Since the pressure is calculated by local computation only, the chief time cost of the new method is on solving the decoupled equation for the ‐velocity. Besides, the method overcomes the problem of singular vertices or corners.
Brochure intervention to manage bothersome taste changes in pediatric patients receiving cancer therapy
Authors: Hassan Hadeel , Oloyede Seye , Villanueva Gillian , Zahra Serena , Joseph‐Frederick Zakia , Green Gloria , Schechter Tal , Zupanec Sue , Dupuis L. Lee , Sung Lillian 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundPrimary objective was to determine if a patient informational brochure describing potentially useful strategies could help manage specific taste changes. Secondary objective was to describe the specific strategies used and whether the strategies were perceived as being helpful.ProcedureThis single‐center study included pediatric patients with cancer or hematopoietic cell transplant recipients receiving active treatment who experienced bothersome taste changes in the last month. Participants participated in baseline and follow‐up interviews conducted 14–21 days apart. A brochure that listed 16 potentially helpful strategies was provided at baseline. At follow‐up, we asked about brochure use and whether it helped. At both interviews, we asked about experienced taste changes, strategies used, and whether strategy helped.ResultsOf 100 enrolled participants, different (87%) and bad (72%) taste were most common at baseline. Following the brochure intervention, statistically significant reductions were observed in food tasting different, bad, bland, bitter, sour, and metallic. For most strategies, the proportion of patients who used specific strategies or found them helpful was not significantly different between baseline and follow‐up. However, “eating foods you like” was considered helpful in significantly more participants who used the strategy in follow‐up (72 out of 89, 80.9%) compared with baseline (55 out of 95, 57.9%; p = .008). Between visits, 81.2% looked at the brochure. Among participants, 53.1% found the brochure helpful, very helpful, or extremely helpful.ConclusionsA brochure that offered strategies to manage changes in taste helped participants cope with them. Further research should evaluate the brochure using randomized and multicenter trials.
Estimation of Permafrost Ground Ice to 10 m Depth on the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau
Authors: Zou Defu , Pang Qiangqiang , Zhao Lin , Wang Lingxiao , Hu Guojie , Du Erji , Liu Guangyue , Liu Shibo , Liu Yadong 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTPermafrost ground ice melting could alter hydrological processes in cold regions by releasing water. Currently, there is a lack of gridded data of ground ice from the Qinghai‐Tibet Plateau (QTP). Using 664 borehole sample records, we applied a random forest (RF) method to predict the ground ice content of permafrost between 2 and 10 m depth in three layers (2–3, 3–5, and 5–10 m) at a spatial resolution of 1 km. The RF predictions demonstrated an R2 value exceeding 0.80 for all three layers with a negligible positive overestimation (0.98%–1.85%). The ground ice content of the first layer (2–3 m) can be predicted primarily using climate variables, but the contribution of terrain and soil variables increases as the depth increases. The total water storage of ground ice across the QTP permafrost (2–10 m depth) is approximately 3330.0 km3, with 403.5 km3 in the 2–3 m layer, 857.2 km3 in the 3–5 m layer, and 2069.3 km3 in the 5–10 m layer. This study generated for the first time a gridded dataset of the shallow permafrost ground ice content across the entire QTP which can be used to improve simulations of hydrological processes in the permafrost regions.
Transportation of hazardous material via railroad: Incident investigation and a case study of derailment in 2023
Authors: Welch Sophie , Youn Sungmin , Nichols Andrew , Na Sukjoon , Shen Ruiqing 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRailway transportation of hazardous materials (HAZMAT) is common and is generally considered safe. However, transporting toxic, flammable, and explosive substances via railways carries significant risk due to their high volume, proximity to populated areas, low public awareness, and potential domino effect. Particularly, the practice has come into question after a Norfolk Southern train derailed in Ohio in February of 2023. This derailment continuously reminds the public and the industry that such incidents can profoundly affect a community, critical infrastructure, and the environment. To identify the root cause of the Ohio train derailment and discover the deficiency of the safety system applied, combining the cause mapping approach with the safety triad concept was employed in this study. Based on this approach and the preliminary incident investigation released by the National Transportation Safety Board, the incident sequence is established, and the causal events leading to this incident are identified in the three essential pillars of its safety system: prevention, mitigation, and response, respectively. The study subsequently develops recommendations to improve the safety system of HAZMAT freight trains. This is expected to lower further the probability and consequence of HAZMAT freight train incidents and ultimately result in long‐term changes in railroad transportation.