bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An update of skin permeability data based on a systematic review of recent research
Authors: Chedik Lisa , Baybekov Shamkhal , Cosnier Frédéric , Marcou Gilles , Varnek Alexandre , Champmartin Catherine 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe cutaneous absorption parameters of xenobiotics are crucial for the development of drugs and cosmetics, as well as for assessing environmental and occupational chemical risks. Despite the great variability in the design of experimental conditions due to uncertain international guidelines, datasets like HuskinDB have been created to report skin absorption endpoints. This review updates available skin permeability data by rigorously compiling research published between 2012 and 2021. Inclusion and exclusion criteria have been selected to build the most harmonized and reusable dataset possible. The Generative Topographic Mapping method was applied to the present dataset and compared to HuskinDB to monitor the progress in skin permeability research and locate chemotypes of particular concern. The open-source dataset (SkinPiX) includes steady-state flux, maximum flux, lag time and permeability coefficient results for the substances tested, as well as relevant information on experimental parameters that can impact the data. It can be used to extract subsets of data for comparisons and to build predictive models.
The first global multi-timescale daily SPEI dataset from 1982 to 2021
Authors: Liu Xuebang , Yu Shuying , Yang Zhiwei , Dong Jianquan , Peng Jian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractGlobal warming accelerates water cycle, causing more droughts globally that challenge monitoring and forecasting. The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) is used to assess drought characteristics and response time of natural and economic systems at various timescales. However, existing SPEI datasets have coarse spatial or temporal resolution or limited spatial extent, restricting their ability to accurately identify the start or end dates or the extent of drought at the global scale. To narrow these gaps, we developed a global daily SPEI dataset (SPEI-GD), with a 0.25° spatial resolution from 1982 to 2021 at multiple timescales (5, 30, 90, 180 and 360 days), based on the precipitation from European Center for Medium Weather Forecasting Reanalysis V5 (ERA5) dataset and the potential evapotranspiration from Singer’s dataset. Compared to widely used SPEIbase dataset, the SPEI-GD can improve the spatial-temporal resolution and the accuracy of SPEI in areas where meteorological sites are lacking. The SPEI-GD significantly correlates with site-based SPEI and soil moisture. Our dataset solidly supports sub-seasonal and daily-scale global and regional drought research.
Cryptogenic non-cirrhotic HCC: Clinical, prognostic and immunologic aspects of an emerging HCC etiology
Authors: Beudeker Boris J. B. , Guha Rael , Stoyanova Kalina , IJzermans Jan N. M. , de Man Robert A. , Sprengers Dave , Boonstra Andre 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in non-cirrhotic livers is rising significantly, but clear risk factors for screening remain elusive. This study sought to characterize non-cirrhotic HCC etiologies. HCC cases from 2009 to 2020 in a Dutch referral center were examined, revealing 371 out of 1654 cases (22%) as non-cirrhotic. Notably, the incidence of non-cirrhotic HCC increased by 61% in the time frame between 2009 and 2020. Interestingly 39% of non-cirrhotic HCC cases had cryptogenic origins. Cryptogenic non-cirrhotic HCC exhibited similarities with non-cirrhotic NAFLD HCC, but displayed advanced tumor stages, lower surgical rates, and a more frequent presence of symptoms, which substantiated in poor survival rates. Advanced cryptogenic non-cirrhotic HCC stages exhibited elevated serum interleukin-6 levels compared to non-cirrhotic HCC with defined etiologies. Comparative analysis encompassing cryptogenic and NAFLD non-cirrhotic HCC cohorts and controls unveiled comparable circulating immune biomarker profiles and PNPLA3 polymorphisms. To conclude, the primary etiology of non-cirrhotic HCC in our cohort has not defined risk factors. This cryptogenic variant exhibits distinct traits, such as advanced tumors and increased symptoms, and most resemble burned-out NAFLD. Understanding this HCC variant is crucial for improving screening and management strategies.
Design based synthetic imputation methods for domain mean
Authors: Bhushan Shashi , Kumar Anoop , Pokhrel Rohini , Bakr M. E. , Mekiso Getachew Tekle 
Published: February 2024

AbstractIn real life, situations may arise when the available data are insufficient to provide accurate estimates for the domain, the small area estimation (SAE) technique has been used to get accurate estimates for the variable under study. The problem of missing data is a serious problem that has an impact on sample surveys, but small area estimates are especially prone to it. This paper is a basic effort that suggests design based synthetic imputation methods for the domain mean estimation using simple random sampling in order to address the issue of missing data under SAE. The expression of the mean square error for the proposed imputation methods are obtained up to first order approximation. The efficiency conditions are determined and a thorough simulation study is carried out using artificially generated data sets. An application is included with real data that further supports this study.
The mental burden of stay-at-home order extensions during COVID-19
Authors: Segovia Michelle S. , Huseynov Samir , Palma Marco A. , Nayga Rodolfo M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThis study evaluates the psychological impact of stay-at-home extension orders during COVID-19 and its relationship with individuals’ expectations on the duration of the extensions. An online survey was administered to 1259 US adult residents to measure symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety and stress induced by different stay-at-home order extensions using hypothetical length scenarios. We find that individuals exposed to two 2-week order extensions exhibit higher levels of stress and anxiety compared to those exposed to a single 4-week extension. We also find that subjects with longer expected extensions exhibit more signs of psychological damage than those with shorter expected extensions. Furthermore, we find that the negative psychological consequences of providing two shorter extensions is observed only among subjects with extension expectations of four weeks or less. Our results demonstrate that people’s expectations affect the level of psychological damage caused by lockdown mandates. Our findings suggest that whenever lockdown extensions are necessary, reduced psychological distress may be possible by implementing a one-time restriction, rather than extending multiple smaller extensions perhaps due to manipulation of personal expectations.
Protoporphyrin IX in serum of high-grade glioma patients: A novel target for disease monitoring via liquid biopsy
Authors: Walke Anna , Krone Christopher , Stummer Walter , König Simone , Suero Molina Eric 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHigh-grade gliomas (HGG) carry a dismal prognosis. Diagnosis comprises MRI followed by histopathological evaluation of tissue; no blood biomarker is available. Patients are subjected to serial MRIs and, if unclear, surgery for monitoring of tumor recurrence, which is laborious. MRI provides only limited diagnostic information regarding the differentiation of true tumor progression from therapy-associated side effects. 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is routinely used for induction of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) accumulation in malignant glioma tissue, enabling improved tumor visualization during fluorescence-guided resection (FGR). We investigated whether PpIX can also serve as a serum HGG marker to monitor relapse. Patients (HGG: n = 23 primary, pHGG; n = 5 recurrent, rHGG) undergoing FGR received 5-ALA following standard clinical procedure. The control group of eight healthy volunteers (HCTR) also received 5-ALA. Serum was collected before and repeatedly up to 72 h after drug administration. Significant PpIX accumulation in HGG was observed after 5-ALA administration (ANOVA: p = 0.005, post-hoc: HCTR vs. pHGG p = 0.029, HCTR vs. rHGG p = 0.006). Separation of HCTR from pHGG was possible when maximum serum PpIX levels were reached (CI95% of tMax). ROC analysis of serum PpIX within CI95% of tMax showed successful classification of HCTR and pHGG (AUCROC 0.943, CI95% 0.884–1.000, p < 0.001); the optimal cut-off for diagnosis was 1275 pmol PpIX/ml serum, reaching 87.0% accuracy, 90.5% positive predictive and 84.0% negative predictive value. Baseline PpIX level was similar in patient and control groups. Thus, 5-ALA is required for PpIX induction, which is safe at the standard clinical dosage. PpIX is a new target for liquid biopsy in glioma. More extensive clinical studies are required to characterize its full potential.
New age constraints for human entry into the Americas on the north Pacific coast
Authors: Steffen Martina L. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe timing of the initial peopling of the Americas is unresolved. Because the archaeological record necessitates discussion of human entry from Beringia into southern North America during the last glaciation, addressing this problem routinely involves evaluating environmental parameters then targeting areas suitable for human settlement. Vertebrate remains indicate landscape quality and are a key dataset for assessing coastal migration theories and the viability of coastal routes. Here, radiocarbon dates on vertebrate specimens and archaeological sites are calibrated to document species occurrences and the ages of human settlements across the western expansion and decay of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet (CIS) during the Late Wisconsin Fraser Glaciation in four subregions of the north Pacific coast of North America. The results show archaeological sites occur after glacial maxima and are generally consistent with the age of other securely dated earliest sites in southern North America. They also highlight gaps in the vertebrate chronologies around CIS maxima in each of the subregions that point to species redistributions and extirpations and signal times of low potential for human settlement and subsistence in a key portion of the proposed coastal migration route. This study, therefore, defines new age constraints for human coastal migration theories in the peopling of the Americas debate.
NSCSO: a novel multi-objective non-dominated sorting chicken swarm optimization algorithm
Authors: Huang Huajuan , Zheng Baofeng , Wei Xiuxi , Zhou Yongquan , Zhang Yuedong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAddressing the challenge of efficiently solving multi-objective optimization problems (MOP) and attaining satisfactory optimal solutions has always posed a formidable task. In this paper, based on the chicken swarm optimization algorithm, proposes the non-dominated sorting chicken swarm optimization (NSCSO) algorithm. The proposed approach involves assigning ranks to individuals in the chicken swarm through fast non-dominance sorting and utilizing the crowding distance strategy to sort particles within the same rank. The MOP is tackled based on these two strategies, with the integration of an elite opposition-based learning strategy to facilitate the exploration of optimal solution directions by individual roosters. NSCSO and 6 other excellent algorithms were tested in 15 different benchmark functions for experiments. By comprehensive comparison of the test function results and Friedman test results, the results obtained by using the NSCSO algorithm to solve the MOP problem have better performance. Compares the NSCSO algorithm with other multi-objective optimization algorithms in six different engineering design problems. The results show that NSCSO not only performs well in multi-objective function tests, but also obtains realistic solutions in multi-objective engineering example problems.
Prokaryotic richness and diversity increased during Holocene glacier retreat and onset of an Antarctic Lake
Authors: Piccini C. , Bertoglio F. , Sommaruga R. , Martínez de la Escalera G. , Pérez L. , Bugoni L. , Bergamino L. , Evangelista H. , García-Rodriguez F. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractKnowledge about biodiversity changes during transitions from glacial landscape to lake formation is limited to contemporary studies. Here, we combined analyses of lithology, chronology and geochemistry with sedimentary ancient DNA metabarcoding to assess such transition in maritime Antarctica. We inferred three paleoenvironmental stages covering the Holocene glacier retreat process. From 4900 to 3850 years before the present, we found the lowest prokaryotic richness/diversity, with bacterial taxa indicators associated to soil and terrestrial environments. From 3850 to 2650 years before the present, a higher carbon content, higher Carbon/Nitrogen variability, increased species richness/diversity, and prokaryotic taxa indicators of long-term energy starvation were detected. Finally, from 2650 to 1070 years before the present, we inferred the onset of a genuine lacustrine environment holding stable Carbon/Nitrogen ratios and the highest prokaryotic diversity, with known aquatic bacterial taxa. Our study unveils for the first time the evolution from a glacier-covered to a freshwater lake through a millennial scale.
Magma budget, plutonic growth and lateral spreading at Mt. Etna
Authors: Palano Mimmo , Pezzo Giuseppe , Chiarabba Claudio 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe quantitative estimation of eruptible magma is essential to assess volcanic hazard. In case of high and frequent volcanic activity, different episodes and cycles can be observed and used to gain insights on magma residence and volcano dynamics. Here, by using surface ground deformation for 26 inflation and 14 deflation phases at Mt. Etna, we inferred two partially overlapping magmatic reservoirs located beneath the summit area in the 4-9 km (inflation sources) and in the 3-6 km (deflating sources) depth ranges. Our geodetic models highlight a continuous magma supply of 10.7 ×106 m3/yr that took place in the last two decades. About 28.5% of this magma (i.e. volume loss inferred by geodetic models) contributed to the effusive activity at the surface, while the remaining 71.5% fed the endogenous volumetric growth of the plutonic crystallized mush and promoted the lateral spreading of Mt. Etna. The consistency of this behavior through time sets strong constraints on the eruptible quantity of magma in forecasting activity during a paroxysm.
Cryo-EM analyses of dimerized spliceosomes provide new insights into the functions of B complex proteins
Authors: Zhang Zhenwei , Kumar Vinay , Dybkov Olexandr , Will Cindy L , Urlaub Henning , Stark Holger , Lührmann Reinhard 
Published: February 2024

AbstractThe B complex is a key intermediate stage of spliceosome assembly. To improve the structural resolution of monomeric, human spliceosomal B (hB) complexes and thereby generate a more comprehensive hB molecular model, we determined the cryo-EM structure of B complex dimers formed in the presence of ATP$$\gamma$$
γ
S. The enhanced resolution of these complexes allows a finer molecular dissection of how the 5′ splice site (5′ss) is recognized in hB, and new insights into molecular interactions of FBP21, SNU23 and PRP38 with the U6/5′ss helix and with each other. It also reveals that SMU1 and RED are present as a heterotetrameric complex and are located at the interface of the B dimer protomers. We further show that MFAP1 and UBL5 form a 5′ exon binding channel in hB, and elucidate the molecular contacts stabilizing the 5′ exon at this stage. Our studies thus yield more accurate models of protein and RNA components of hB complexes. They further allow the localization of additional proteins and protein domains (such as SF3B6, BUD31 and TCERG1) whose position was not previously known, thereby uncovering new functions for B-specific and other hB proteins during pre-mRNA splicing.
Hyperacetylated histone H4 is a source of carbon contributing to lipid synthesis
Authors: Charidemou Evelina , Noberini Roberta , Ghirardi Chiara , Georgiou Polymnia , Marcou Panayiota , Theophanous Andria , Strati Katerina , Keun Hector , Behrends Volker , Bonaldi Tiziana , Kirmizis Antonis 
Published: February 2024

AbstractHistone modifications commonly integrate environmental cues with cellular metabolic outputs by affecting gene expression. However, chromatin modifications such as acetylation do not always correlate with transcription, pointing towards an alternative role of histone modifications in cellular metabolism. Using an approach that integrates mass spectrometry-based histone modification mapping and metabolomics with stable isotope tracers, we demonstrate that elevated lipids in acetyltransferase-depleted hepatocytes result from carbon atoms derived from deacetylation of hyperacetylated histone H4 flowing towards fatty acids. Consistently, enhanced lipid synthesis in acetyltransferase-depleted hepatocytes is dependent on histone deacetylases and acetyl-CoA synthetase ACSS2, but not on the substrate specificity of the acetyltransferases. Furthermore, we show that during diet-induced lipid synthesis the levels of hyperacetylated histone H4 decrease in hepatocytes and in mouse liver. In addition, overexpression of acetyltransferases can reverse diet-induced lipogenesis by blocking lipid droplet accumulation and maintaining the levels of hyperacetylated histone H4. Overall, these findings highlight hyperacetylated histones as a metabolite reservoir that can directly contribute carbon to lipid synthesis, constituting a novel function of chromatin in cellular metabolism.
Prüfungsthema: Gehirn und Nervensystem
Authors: Schmid Eva C. 
Published: February 2024

SummaryLiebe Heilpraktikeranwärter – mit diesen Karteikarten wollen wir Sie bei der Vorbereitung auf die mündliche Heilpraktikerüberprüfung unterstützen. Viel Erfolg beim Lernen wünscht Ihnen HP Eva C. Schmid!
Narben und Zähne im Blick
Authors: Neumann Sabine , Sirocko Sigrid 
Published: February 2024

SummaryUm Therapieblockaden zu ermitteln, kann sich die Reflexzonentherapie am Fuß – hier: Hanne-Marquardt-Fussreflex® – unterschiedlicher Ansätze bedienen, wie die beiden Fallbeispiele veranschaulichen. Störfelder durch Narben sowie Wechselbeziehungen der Zahn-Kiefer-Gebiete, die sich bei einer Belastung im Organismus im Fuß widerspiegeln, können Hinweise für die Therapie geben. Die Reflexzonentherapie am Fuß setzt Reize, die für Entlastung in den Zielorganen und eine energetische Regulation sorgen, und kann so bei zahnärztlichen Behandlungen eine sinnvolle Ergänzung sein.
Prognostische Faktoren bei einem schrittweisen Ansatz zur nicht-pharmakologischen Therapie von Sauerstoff und mechanischer Beatmung bis hin zur extrakorporalen Membranoxygenierung bei COVID-19
Authors: Matthes Sandhya , Holl Johannes , Randerath Johannes , Treml Marcel , Sofianos Georgios , Bockover Michael , Oesterlee Ulrike , Herkenrath Simon , Knoch Johannes , Hagmeyer Lars , Randerath Winfried 
Published: February 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Unser Zentrum verfolgte bei der nicht-pharmakologischen Behandlung des Atemversagens bei COVID-19 in Übereinstimmung mit den deutschen nationalen Leitlinien einen schrittweisen Ansatz, bei dem die nicht-invasiven Maßnahmen vor der invasiven mechanischen Beatmung (IMV) oder der extrakorporalen Membranoxygenierung (ECMO) eskaliert wurden. Das Ziel dieser Studie war, diesen individualisierten Ansatz der nicht-pharmakologischen Therapie im Hinblick auf die Patientencharakteristika und klinische Merkmale zu analysieren, die bei der Vorhersage einer schwereren Erkrankung – insbesondere einer erforderlichen intensivmedizinischen Behandlung – helfen können.

Methodik Diese retrospektive, monozentrische Studie an stationären COVID-19-Patienten zwischen März 2020 und Dezember 2021 analysierte anthropometrische Daten, nicht-pharmakologische Maximaltherapie und Überlebensstatus auf Basis der in den Patientenakten dokumentierten Daten.

Ergebnisse Von 1052 COVID-19-bedingten Einweisungen wurden 835 Patienten in die Analysekohorte aufgenommen (54% männlich, Median 58 Jahre). 34% (n=284) erhielten keine Therapie, 40% (n=337) konventionelle Sauerstofftherapie (COT), 3% (n=22) High-Flow-Nasenkanüle (HFNC), 9% (n=73) kontinuierlichen Atemwegspositivdruck (CPAP), 7% (n=56) nicht-invasive Beatmung (NIV), 4% (n=34) invasive mechanische Ventilation (IMV) und 3% (n=29) extrakorporale Membranoxygenierung (ECMO) als maximale Therapie. Von 551 Patienten, die mindestens mit COT behandelt wurden, mussten 12,3% intubiert werden. Insgesamt mussten 183 Patienten auf der Intensivstation behandelt werden und 106 (13%) starben. 25 (74%) IMV-Patienten und 23 (79%) ECMO-Patienten verstarben. Verstorbene litten häufiger an arterieller Hypertonie, Demenz, Diabetes und Dyslipidämie. Die logistische Regression zeigte folgende Risikofaktoren für die Sterblichkeit: eine Sauerstoffbedarf von ≥2 L/min bei Studienbeginn (OR 6,96 [4,01–12,08]), Alter (OR 1,09 [1,05–1,14]) und männliches Geschlecht (OR 2,23 [0,79–6,31]).

Schlussfolgerung Die unmittelbare klinische Entscheidung des Arztes für eine Sauerstofftherapie spielt neben anderen anerkannten Risikofaktoren eine wichtige Rolle bei der Vorhersage des Schweregrads des Krankheitsverlaufs und damit bei der Behandlung von COVID-19.
Wissenschaftliche Aktivität in der deutschen Thoraxchirurgie gemessen an der Publikationsleistung
Authors: Ried Michael , Pfannschmidt Luisa Marie , Hofmann Hans-Stefan 
Published: February 2024

ZusammenfassungDie thoraxchirurgische Versorgung erfolgt in Deutschland vornehmlich in nicht universitären Zentren mit klinischem Fokus und weniger an den Universitätsklinika. Inwieweit sich innerhalb dieser unterschiedlichen Strukturen eine wissenschaftliche Tätigkeit realisieren lässt, wird anhand der Publikationsleistungen untersucht.Es erfolgte eine PubMed-Abfrage nach ausgewählten Autoren (thoraxchirurgische Leiter*in in Deutschland) im Zeitraum von 01/2012 bis 12/2021. Eingeschlossen wurden Universitätsklinika, DKG-zertifizierte Lungenkrebszentren (DKG: Deutsche Krebsgesellschaft) und DGT-zertifizierte Thoraxzentren (DGT: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Thoraxchirurgie).Es wurden n = 54 nicht universitäre Zentren (DKG-Zertifikat n = 50 und/oder DGT-Zertifikat n = 22) und n = 36 Universitätsklinika (n = 9 eigenständige Klinik/Abteilung) analysiert. Insgesamt wurden n = 2414 Publikationen ermittelt, wobei am häufigsten Originalarbeiten (n = 1776; 74%) und Publikationen mit thoraxchirurgischem Schwerpunkt (n = 1501; 62%) gefunden wurden. Bei diesen Arbeiten lagen die Publikationsleistungen der nicht universitären Zentren bei n = 599 Publikationen (11/Zentrum) und damit signifikant unter denen der Universitätsklinika (n = 902; 25/Klinik; p ≤ 0,001). Signifikant höhere Publikationsleistungen bestätigten sich bei eigenständiger (n = 560; 62/Klinik) im Vergleich zu nicht eigenständiger universitärer Thoraxchirurgie (n = 342; 13/Klinik; p = 0,003). Es wurde ein 10-Jahres-Trend mit einer nahezu Verdoppelung der Publikationsleistung von n = 105 (universitär: n = 63) auf n = 203 (universitär: n = 124) Publikationen/Jahr nachgewiesen. Die kumulativen
Impact-Faktoren (IF) ergaben 2845 IF (52,7 IF/Klinik) für nicht universitäre Zentren, 6361 IF (235,6 IF/Klinik) für die nicht eigenständige und 2931 IF (325,7 IF/Klinik) für die eigenständige universitäre Thoraxchirurgie.Die wissenschaftlichen Aktivitäten haben in nicht universitären Zentren, aber vor allem in der universitären Thoraxchirurgie, zugenommen. Diese positiven Entwicklungen sind unter den anstehenden politischen Veränderungen (Krankenhausstrukturgesetz, Mindestmengen) in akuter Gefahr. Strukturelle Veränderungen wie z. B. die eigenständige universitäre Thoraxchirurgie oder Kooperationsmodelle mit außeruniversitären Zentren können Lösungsansätze bieten.