bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Microsatellite development suggests evidence of polyploidy in the social sponge‐dwelling snapping shrimp Zuzalpheus brooksi
Authors: RUBENSTEIN DUSTIN R. , MCCLEERY BRYNN V. , DUFFY J. EMMETT 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWe isolated and characterized 33 novel, polymorphic microsatellite loci from the social sponge‐dwelling snapping shrimp Zuzalpheus brooksi. We screened all 33 loci in approximately 31 individuals from a population of Z. brooksi from the Florida Keys, USA and found an average of 16 alleles per locus. Approximately 25% of the loci showed more than two bands per individual, suggesting evidence of high gene duplication, or more likely, polyploidy, which is common in crustaceans. The 25 disomic loci had an observed heterozygosity of 0.57 (range = 0.03–1.00) and will be useful for studying the social organization in Zuzalpheus shrimp.
Microsatellite markers for the drought‐resistant earthworm Hormogaster elisae
Authors: NOVO M. , VELAVAN T. P. , ALMODÓVAR A. , SCHULENBURG H. , DÍAZ‐COSÍN D. J. , MICHIELS N. K. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWe developed and characterized 10 highly polymorphic microsatellite loci from a simple sequence repeat‐enriched genomic DNA library of the earthworm Hormogaster elisae. Characterization of these loci using 26 individuals revealed eight to 25 alleles per locus and high levels of heterozygosity. These loci will be used for paternity analysis and population genetic studies.
Identification of ‘extinct’ freshwater mussel species using DNA barcoding
Authors: CAMPBELL DAVID C. , JOHNSON PAUL D. , WILLIAMS JAMES D. , RINDSBERG ANDREW K. , SERB JEANNE M. , SMALL KORY K. , LYDEARD CHARLES 
Published: April 2008

AbstractFreshwater mollusks are highly imperiled, with 70% of the North American species extinct, endangered, or at risk of extinction. Impoundments and other human impacts on the Coosa River of Alabama, Georgia and Tennessee of the southeastern USA alone are believed to have caused 50 mollusk species extinctions, but uncertainty over boundaries among several putatively closely related species makes this number preliminary. Our examination of freshwater mussels collected during an extensive survey of the upper‐drainage basin, DNA barcoding and molecular phylogenetic analyses confirm the rediscovery of four morphospecies in the genus Pleurobema (Unionidae) previously thought to be extinct from the upper Coosa basin. A fifth ‘extinct’ form was found in an adjoining basin. Molecular data show that the Coosa morphologies represent at least three species‐level taxa: Pleurobema decisum, P. hanleyianum and P. stabile. Endemism is higher than currently recognized, both at the species level and for multispecies clades. Prompt conservation efforts may preserve some of these taxa and their ecosystem.
Development and characterization of eight polymorphic microsatellite loci from Pistacia lentiscus L. (Anacardiaceae)
Authors: ALBALADEJO RAFAEL G. , SEBASTIANI F. , APARICIO A. , BUONAMICI A. , GONZÁLEZ‐MARTÍNEZ S. C. , VENDRAMIN G. G. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWe have developed a set of eight polymorphic nuclear microsatellite markers for the Mediterranean shrub Pistacia lentiscus by means of an enriched library method. Characterization for the eight loci was carried out on 42 individuals from two populations sampled in southern Spain. The overall number of alleles detected was 59, ranging from three to 13 per locus. Expected heterozygosity per locus and population ranged from 0.139 to 0.895. Two loci albeit only in one population (Seville) departed significantly from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium expectations and no linkage disequilibrium between pairs of loci was detected. These markers will be used in studies of gene flow across a fragmented landscape.
Fourteen polymorphic microsatellite markers for the fungal banana pathogen Mycosphaerella fijiensis
Authors: YANG BAO JUN , ZHONG SHAO BIN 
Published: April 2008

AbstractFourteen polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed for Mycosphaerella fijiensis, a fungus causing the black sigatoka disease in banana. The sequenced genome of M. fijiensis was screened for sequences with single sequence repeats (SSRs) using a Perl script. Fourteen SSR loci, evaluated on 48 M. fijiensis isolates from Hawaii, were identified to be highly polymorphic. These markers revealed two to 19 alleles, with an average of 6.43 alleles per locus. The estimated gene diversity ranged from 0.091 to 0.930 across the 14 microsatellite loci. The SSR markers developed would be useful for population genetics studies of M. fijiensis.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellites in Rattus rattus
Authors: LOISEAU A. , RAHELINIRINA S. , RAHALISON L. , KONEČNÝ A. , DUPLANTIER J. M. , BROUAT C. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWe isolated and characterized 10 microsatellite loci in the black rat Rattus rattus (Muridae, Rodentia), a widespread invasive species largely known to cause serious problems in agriculture and human health. Polymorphism was studied in two populations, one from Madagascar and one from Senegal. It ranged from three to 12 alleles in Madagascar, and from two to five alleles in Senegal. Together with the loci previously adapted from Rattus norvegicus, this set of markers should allow the conduct of thorough studies on the genetic structure of natural populations of R. rattus.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from the invasive ant Pheidole megacephala
Authors: FOURNIER DENIS , DUBOIS DAMIEN , ARON SERGE 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWe report the characterization of eight microsatellite markers in the big‐headed ant Pheidole megacephala, a pest ant registered in the list of ‘100 of the world's worst invasive alien species’. An enrichment protocol was used to isolate microsatellite loci, and polymorphism was explored with 36 individuals collected in an invasive population from Australia and 20 individuals collected in a population from the native mainland location in South Africa. These primers showed a number of alleles per locus ranging from two to 10, and expected heterozygosities ranging from 0.083 to 0.826. Moreover, results of cross‐species amplification are reported in five other Pheidole species and in seven other ants of the subfamily Myrmicinae.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci from the coppertail skink (Ctenotus taeniolatus)
Authors: SMITH SHANNON M. , STOW ADAM J. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWe report on the isolation and characterization of eight microsatellite markers for the coppertail skink (Ctenotus taeniolatus). From a sample of 27 individuals, the number of alleles per locus ranged from seven to 13 and observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.714 to 0.818 and from 0.738 to 0.899, respectively. These loci will be used to assess anthropogenic disturbance on coppertail skink populations. These are the first microsatellites reported for the genus Ctenotus, despite being the most speciose genus of lizards in Australia.
New polymorphic microsatellite markers for the limpet Patella rustica and cross‐priming testing in four Patella species
Authors: PÉREZ M. , LLAVONA A. , PRESA P. , RIBEIRO P. , HAWKINS S. J. , SANTOS A. M. , ALEXANDRINO P. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractEighteen microsatellite markers have been characterized from the Patella rustica genome. An average of 10 alleles per locus and an expected heterozygosity ranging from 0.054 to 0.937 were observed in a sample of 32 wild individuals from Viana do Castelo, Portugal. Distinct cross‐priming amplification rates were recovered on four additional Patella species. Three monomorphic P. rustica loci were polymorphic in other Patella species. The microsatellites developed herein could be a useful intraspecific genetic tool to undertake fine population studies in the genus Patella.
Development of microsatellite markers for parentage analysis in the great tinamou (Tinamus major)
Authors: BRENNAN PATRICIA L. R. , HYSENI CHAZ 
Published: April 2008

AbstractEighteen microsatellite loci were isolated from great tinamous (Tinamus major), which are large terrestrial birds found in the Neotropics. These are the first primers developed for the Order Tinamiformes. Paternity analyses are possible because the levels of heterozygosity are sufficiently high (0.29–0.90).
Newly developed polymorphic microsatellite markers for frogs of the genus Ascaphus
Authors: SPEAR STEPHEN F. , BAUMSTEIGER JASON , STORFER ANDREW 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThirteen polymorphic microsatellite loci were identified and developed for the coastal tailed frog, Ascaphus truei, from sites within the Olympic Peninsula of Washington, USA. These tetranucleotide repeat loci were highly variable, averaging 19 alleles per locus and expected heterozygosity of 0.91. In addition, these loci cross‐amplify in the sister species, Ascaphus montanus. These markers will prove useful in identifying fine‐scale genetic structure, as well as provide insight into the evolution and conservation of this group across fragmented landscapes.
Isolation and characterization of 30 polymorphic microsatellite loci from the mycophagous fly Drosophila innubila
Authors: UNCKLESS ROBERT L. , BOELIO LISA M. , SCHIFANO MATTHEW , DYER KELLY A. 
Published: April 2008

Abstract Drosophila innubila is a mushroom‐feeding member of the quinaria group, found in the woodlands and forests of the ‘sky islands’ in Arizona and New Mexico and extending south into central Mexico. Here, we describe and characterize 30 polymorphic microsatellite loci from D. innubila collected in the Chiricahua Mountains in Arizona. The number of alleles ranged from three to 21, and observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.0513 to 0.9737. Six loci were putatively X‐linked, six departed from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, seven had evidence of null alleles, and six showed evidence of linkage disequilibrium. These markers will be useful for examining population structure of D. innubila and its association with male‐killing Wolbachia.
p‐loci: a computer program for choosing the most efficient set of loci for parentage assignment
Authors: MATSON SEAN E. , CAMARA MARK D. , EICHERT WILL , BANKS MICHAEL A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractDetermining how many and which codominant marker loci are required for accurate parentage assignment is not straightforward because levels of marker polymorphism, linkage, allelic distributions among potential parents and other factors produce differences in the discriminatory power of individual markers and sets of markers. p‐loci software identifies the most efficient set of codominant markers for assigning parentage at a user‐defined level of success, using either simulated or actual offspring genotypes of known parentage. Simulations can incorporate linkage among markers, mating design and frequencies of null alleles and/or genotyping errors. p‐loci is available for windows systems at http://marineresearch.oregonstate.edu/genetics/ploci.htm.
Development of microsatellite markers in Cordia bifurcata (Boraginaceae) and cross‐species amplification in Cordia inermis and Cordia pringlei
Authors: SPOON TRACEY R. , KESSELI RICK V. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWe developed 16 microsatellite markers in Cordia bifurcata, a Central and South American shrub. The markers show low polymorphism in C. bifurcata, a species suspected of self‐fertilization or apomixis. Of four polymorphic loci, three had only two alleles. However, current research indicates that these markers hold value for interpopulational comparisons of C. bifurcata and for analyses of congeners. In Cordia inermis, a dioecious or subdioecious shrub, seven of the markers produced interpretable amplification products of which five showed polymorphism. In Cordia pringlei, a distylous shrub, nine of the markers produced interpretable amplification products of which six showed polymorphism.
Development of microsatellite markers in a large perennial herb, Veratrum album ssp. oxysepalum
Authors: KATO Y. , ARAKI K. , KUBOTA S. , OHARA M. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWe developed 11 polymorphic microsatellite [simple sequence repeat (SSR)] loci from genomic DNA of Veratrum album ssp. oxysepalum using a dual‐suppression polymerase chain reaction technique and an improved method. These markers, with four to 17 alleles per locus, identified 47 genotypes in 48 samples collected from a population in Hokkaido, Japan. The observed and expected heterozygosities ranged from 0.042 to 0.938 and from 0.448 to 0.909, respectively. These SSR markers will be available to identify genets and evaluate genetic diversity of V. album ssp. oxysepalum.
Running economy in early and late maturing youth soccer players does not differ
Authors: Segers V , Clercq D De , Janssens M , Bourgois J , Philippaerts R 
Published: April 2008

Purpose:The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of maturity on running economy in a population of young soccer players.Methods:13 boys (mean age 14.3 years) active in soccer were divided into two groups: 6 early and 7 late maturers. Anthropometrical characteristics, respiratory exchange ratio, heart rate and maximal oxygen uptake were measured. Running economy was assessed at three submaximal running speeds (8, 9.5 and 11 km/h). Allometric coefficients were calculated and used to diminish the effect of body mass. In addition, running style was analysed biomechanically (stride length and meaningful kinematic values).Results:There was no significant difference in the running economy of early and late maturing soccer players, nor any significant differences in mass adjusted physiological values. Therefore physiological differences cannot explain why late maturers succeed in keeping up with early maturers. Late maturing boys take longer relative strides, and have more anteversion of the thigh at heel contact, a smaller knee-angle during swing-phase and a lower mass moment of inertia.Conclusion:Running style seems to be an important determinant in running economy of children.
Gender differences in plantar loading during three soccer-specific tasks
Authors: Sims E L , Hardaker W M , Queen R M 
Published: April 2008

Objective:Examine the effect of gender on plantar loading during three football-specific tasks.Design:Thirty-four athletes (17 men, 17 women) ran an agility course five times while wearing the Nike Vitoria hard ground cleat. Plantar loading data were recorded during a side cut, a cross-over cut and a forward acceleration task using Pedar-X insoles.Setting:Controlled laboratory study.Participants:No history of lower extremity injury in the past 6 months, no previous foot or ankle surgery, not currently wearing foot orthotics and play a cleated sport at least two times per week.Main outcome measurements:Contact area, maximum force and the force-time integral (FTI) in the medial and lateral midfoot, medial, middle and lateral forefoot as well as the hallux. A univariate ANCOVA (α = 0.05) was performed on each dependent variable (covariate was course speed).Results:Significant gender differences existed in the force and force-time integral beneath the lateral midfoot and forefoot during the cross-over cut task as well as in the middle forefoot during the side cut task with the men demonstrating an increased force. No significant differences existed in the loading on the medial side of the foot during any tasks.Conclusions:The results of this study indicate that the increase in plantar loading on the lateral portion of the midfoot and forefoot in men could be one possible explanation for the increased incidence of fifth metatarsal stress fractures in men. Gender differences in loading patterns need to be considered when comparing different movements as well as different footwear conditions.
Functional assessment of knee joint position sense following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
Authors: Mir S M , Hadian M-R , Talebian S , Nasseri N 
Published: April 2008

Context:The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) has both mechanical and proprioceptive (sensory) functions. Knee-joint proprioception has been assessed using either reproduction of position or threshold to detect passive motion in non-weight-bearing positions. It has been suggested that a more functional and dynamic/active assessment of proprioception might clarify the effects of injury and reconstruction on the proprioceptive function of ACL at the knee joint.Objective:To assess knee joint position sense (JPS) following ACL reconstruction in functional positions.Subjects:Twelve male patients who had undergone ACL reconstruction and 12 male healthy control subjects participated in the study.Methods and main outcome measures:JPS was evaluated by reproduction of the angles in weight-bearing position with limb movement into flexion and extension. The dominant knee of healthy subjects and both (reconstructed and uninjured) knees of the patients were tested. Absolute angular error was used as a dependent variable.Results:There was no significant difference between the operated and uninjured knees of patients or between patients and healthy controls (p⩾0.05). These results were measured during two tasks of limb movement into flexion and extension.Conclusion:We found no evidence of impaired JPS in weight-bearing positions in subjects with ACL reconstruction at a mean follow-up of 11 months after surgery compared with subjects with healthy knees.
Cell wall architecture of Physcomitrella patens is revealed by atomic force microscopy
Authors: Wyatt Haley D.M. , Ashton Neil W. , Dahms Tanya E.S. 
Published: April 2008

The moss Physcomitrella patens (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp. in B.S.G. serves as a nonvascular plant model system suitable for studying many plant developmental phenomena. The tip-growing filamentous protonemal stage of its life cycle exhibits polarized growth and various tropic responses. Conventional staining and light microscopy (LM) were used to provide the first direct evidence that protonemal cells of P. patens lack a cuticle. Atomic force microscopy (ATM) images reveal detailed surface structures identified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The cell wall ultrastructure is characterized by rounded protrusions that are uniformly distributed along each caulonemal filament, and longer fibrillar structures, which are disorganized at the apex, but become oriented in longitudinal arrays parallel to the growth axis in more proximal regions of caulonemal apical cells. The subapical cells are characterized by a polylamellated texture. There was no difference in gross surface ultrastructure between light-grown and dark-grown filaments, but the dimensions of the rounded protrusions at the apices of caulonemata cultured in the light and in darkness were significantly different. The convex and concave cell wall surfaces of a curved, gravitropically responding dark-grown caulonema appear structurally different. This investigation is the first to use AFM to probe the cell wall ultrastructure of a bryophyte. The data further elaborate a simple model of cell wall development in the caulonemata of P. patens that was proposed for other tip-growing filamentous plants.
Genetic differentiation and admixture amongFestuca idahoensis,F. roemeri, andF. ovinadetected in AFLP, ITS, and chloroplast DNA
Authors: Jones Thomas A. , Larson Steven R. , Wilson Barbara L. 
Published: April 2008

North American forms of the Festuca ovina L. complex, Festuca idahoensis Elmer and Festuca roemeri (Pavlick) E.B. Alexeev, are distributed broadly east and narrowly west of the Cascade Mountains, respectively. The psbA-trnH and rps16-trnK chloroplast DNA intergenic sequences, 18S-5.8S-26S nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences, and six AFLP primer combinations were used to investigate genetic relatedness and differences among 327 plant samples from 24 F. idahoensis and 33 F. roemeri natural-source germplasm accessions, two multiple-origin F. idahoensis × F. roemeri cultivars, one apparently admixed F. ovina × F. idahoensis accession, four naturalized populations or cultivars of Eurasian-source F. ovina s. l., and several Festuca arizonica Vasey, Festuca occidentalis Hooker, and Festuca rubra L. reference accessions. The AFLP profiles of individual plants were unique, but distance-based and Bayesian model-based clustering separated AFLP genotypes into groups corresponding to taxa. Approximately 15.9% of the AFLP variation was apportioned between F. idahoensis and F. roemeri, with the remaining 61.2% and 22.9% variation maintained within and among natural-source accessions, respectively. Genetic admixture between F. idahoensis, F. roemeri, and F. ovina was detectable and DNA sequence divergence was very low in the chloroplast and ITS regions. These three taxa are genetically differentiated, but capable of hybridization.
Synchronized Action of Synaptically Coupled Chaotic Model Neurons
Authors: Abarbanel Henry D. I. , Huerta R. , Rabinovich M. I. , Rulkov N. F. , Rowat P. F. , Selverston A. I. 
Published: April 2008

Experimental observations of the intracellular recorded electrical activity in individual neurons show that the temporal behavior is often chaotic. We discuss both our own observations on a cell from the stom-atogastric central pattern generator of lobster and earlier observations in other cells. In this paper we work with models of chaotic neurons, building on models by Hindmarsh and Rose for bursting, spiking activity in neurons. The key feature of these simplified models of neurons is the presence of coupled slow and fast subsystems. We analyze the model neurons using the same tools employed in the analysis of our experimental data. We couple two model neurons both electrotonically and electrochemically in inhibitory and excitatory fashions. In each of these cases, we demonstrate that the model neurons can synchronize in phase and out of phase depending on the strength of the coupling. For normal synaptic coupling, we have a time delay between the action of one neuron and the response of the other. We also analyze how the synchronization depends on this delay. A rich spectrum of synchronized behaviors is possible for electrically coupled neurons and for inhibitory coupling between neurons. In synchronous neurons one typically sees chaotic motion of the coupled neurons. Excitatory coupling produces essentially periodic voltage trajectories, which are also synchronized. We display and discuss these synchronized behaviors using two “distance” measures of the synchronization.
The Optimal Time of Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Stable Patients after ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction
Authors: Yazici Guliz Erdem , Erden Murat , Tacoy Gulten Aydogdu , Yavuz Burcu Balam , Turkoglu Sedat , Timurkaynak Timur 
Published: April 2008

Objective To find the optimal time (early: ≤3 days; late: >3 days) for revascularization in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients in the subacute phase. Methods Ninety-nine STEMI patients who were admitted to Gazi University Faculty of Medicine between 2000 and 2004 were enrolled into this study. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to time from the beginning of symptoms to the percutaneous coronary intervention. Coronary angiograms before and after the revascularization were evaluated using the quantitative coronary angiogram technique. Results 45 early (group I) and 54 late (group II) revascularized patients were evaluated. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups regarding demographic properties, thrombus score, success of the procedure, quantitative angiographic parameters, and clinical results of the procedure. Conclusions Waiting for the development of stable phase in STEMI to apply PCI has no obvious benefit for angiographic and clinical results.