bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
RATES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE IMMATURE STAGES OF PECTINOPHORA SCUTIGERA (HOLDAWAY) (LEPIDOPTERA: GELECHIIDAE) WITH DATA ON THE HEAD‐CAPSULE WIDTHS OF FIELD AND LABORATORY REARED LARVAE
Authors: Vickers R. A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe mean lower developmental threshold for the combined immature stages of P. scutigera was found by extrapolation to be 13.5° C. Between 17 and 31° C egg to adult development was curvilinear, but linear between 17 and 25°C. Day‐degree calculations for the Callide Valley of central Queensland suggest that 4 generations of the insect could be completed in cotton between squaring in November and harvest in late April. The mean head capsule widths of all diet fed larvae, except first instars, were greater than those previously reported for field collected larvae.
THE BIOLOGY AND BEHAVIOUR OF CURRANT BORER MOTH, SYNANTHEDON TIPULIFORMIS(CLERCK) (LEPIDOPTERA: AEGERIIDAE) IN TASMANIA
Authors: Hardy R. J. 
Published: April 2007

Abstract Synanthedon tipuliformis, which feeds during the larval stage on the pith of the stems of blackcurrants was studied in southern Tasmania. The insect is univoltine, with adults emerging and mating between November and early January. Most eggs are laid in late December and early January. The larvae hatch several weeks later and may enter the stems through existing tunnels, or tunnel into developing buds and then into the pith. The larvae undergo a quiescent period during winter and pupate in the spring or early summer. There are few parasites, predators or diseases of the insect in Tasmania.
AN INTRODUCED MOTH, ITHOME LASSULA HODGES (LEPIDOPTERA: COSMOPTERIGIDAE), ATTACKING LEUCAENA IN NORTHERN QUEENSLAND
Authors: Common I. F. B. , Beattie W. M. 
Published: April 2007

Abstract Ithome lassula, originally reared from Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit in Florida and not previously recorded outside of the southern U.S.A., has been discovered attacking flower heads of L. leucocephala grown as a fodder plant in northern Queensland. Larval populations appear to be high enough to affect seed production seriously. The adult moth, wing venation and genitalia of both sexes are figured.
CORRECTIONS TO PAULIAN (1980): “RÉVISION TAXONOMIQUE DESLIPAROCHRUSERICHSON, GENRE AUSTRALO‐MÉLANÉSIEN DE COLÉOPTÈRES HYBOSORIDAE, SCARABAEOIDEA”
Authors: Allsopp P. G. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractLiparochrus geminatusWestwood is designated as the type‐species ofLiparochrusErichson.Ranidichrusnom. subgen. n. is proposed withL. multistriatusHarold as the type‐species to include the species referred by Paulian to the nominate subgenus ofLiparochrus. RanidiaPaulian is synonymised withLiparochrus. ParolichrusPaulian andRopalichrusPaulian are shown to be invalid, and the names are validated withL. ingensFelsche andL. storeyiPaulian designated as type‐species, respectively. Other minor corrections are noted.
SEASONAL PREVALENCE AND BIONOMICS OF BITING MIDGES (CERATOPOGONIDAE) AT OCEAN SHORES, NEW SOUTH WALES
Authors: Kay B. H. , Lennon T. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBetween 1971–1973 at Ocean Shores near Brunswick Heads, 19 taxa of Culicoides were sampled using mainly truck traps but also human bait. A questionnaire survey indicated that the major pest species of biting midges, C. subimmaculatus Lee and Reye, C. molestus (Skuse) and C. marmoratus (Skuse), had little effect on holiday‐makers.Species composition differed according to the trapping method. Biting midges, with the exception of C. fulbrighti Lee and Reye and possibly C. victoriae Macfie, were more abundant during summer. Abundances of species other than C. fulbrighti, C. victoriae, C. marmoratus and C. brevitarsis Kieffer were negligible in winter.From daily survival rate calculations, C. marmoratus was relatively short‐lived especially during summer (48–55%) whereas C. brevitarsis and C. victoriae, especially during summer 1972–73 (81%) and during the cooler months (83–92%) respectively, showed greater vector potential.
TWO NEW SPECIES OF TRACHOLENA COMMON (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) FEEDING ON ARAUCARIA IN QUEENSLAND AND NORFOLK ISLAND
Authors: Common I. F. B. 
Published: April 2007

Abstract Tracholena dialeuca and T. hedraea are described as new, the adults and genitalia of both sexes are figured, and a key to the described species is given. T. dialeuca has been reared from hoop pine, Araucaria cunninghamii Ait., in southern Queensland, and T. hedraea from Norfolk Island pine, A. heterophylla (Salisb.) Franco, on Norfolk Island. Six of the 7 known species of Tracholena have larvae feeding on Gymnospermae; the adult male and the early stages of the seventh are unknown.
FEEDING RESPONSES OF THE GUM LEAF SKELETONISER URABA LUGENS WALKER TO SUGARS, AMINO ACIDS, LIPIDS, STEROLS, SALTS, VITAMINS AND CERTAIN EXTRACTS OF EUCALYPT LEAVES
Authors: Cobbinah J. R. , Morgan F. David , Douglas T. J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractComponents of the leaves of species of Eucalyptus were bioassayed using Uraba lugens. Lyophilised leaf powder added to plain diet (cellulose and agar) indicated that feeding rates upon different eucalypts were similar until the proportion of leaf powder in diets reached 4.5% when diets gave the same distinctive results as fresh leaves. The factor(s) responsible for food plant selection by caterpillars was retained in prepared leaf powder and was available for extraction and further testing. Using the plain diet and a diet containing 0.1 M sucrose (standard diet) tests determined the biting and feeding responses of larvae. The major phagostimulants were sucrose, fructose and ascorbic acid. Most substances tested had little or no effect upon larval feeding and were classified as inert (not different from plain diet). Others appeared to enhance larval behaviour only when combined with other substances such as sucrose; these were recorded as synergists. Feeding deterrents or antifeedants were also found. Irrespective of the effect that substances had upon larval behaviour, we recognised that they may have been essential dietary components.
EPICOCCUS COCKERELL AND ITS TYPE‐SPECIES, EPICOCCUS ACACIAE (MASKELL), REDESCRIBED (HOMOPTERA: COCCOIDEA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE)
Authors: Brookes Helen M. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe monotypic genus Epicoccus is redescribed. E. acaciae is redescribed and illustrated from specimens not hitherto available—live specimens and spirit specimens collected on Acacia from several localities in Western Australia and South Australia.
TEMPERATURE AND RATE OF DEVELOPMENT IN DANAUS PLEXIPPUS L. AND D. CHRYSIPPUS L. (LEPIDOPTERA:NYMPHALIDAE)
Authors: Zalucki Myron P. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPopulation processes and interactions among insects are mediated by thermally driven physiological time scales. The effects of temperature on developmental rates in Danaus plexippus and D. chrysippus were determined by rearing individuals under a range of constant temperatures. Rates of development changed in a linear fashion over a wide range of temperatures. The linear model accurately predicted development times under fluctuating temperatures for D. plexippus. The effect of this thermal time scale on competition between the 2 species is discussed.
OVERWINTERING BY THREE PARASITES OF HELIOTHIS ARMIGER (HÜBNER) (LEPIDOPTERA:NOCTUIDAE) IN SOUTHEAST QUEENSLAND
Authors: Kay I. R. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractOverwintering by Heteropelma scaposum (Morley) (Ichneumonidae), Carcelia sp. (Tachinidae) and Microplitis sp. (Braconidae), all parasites of Heliothis armiger (Hübner), was observed in 1977 and 1978. Heteropelma scaposum and Carcelia sp. parasitising H. armiger in April and May overwintered in the host pupae and emerged from August to October. Microplitis sp. overwintered in cocoons and emerged mainly in August‐September. This behaviour coincides with overwintering by H. armiger.
REARING, RELEASE AND RECOVERY OF MICROCTONUS AETHIOPOIDES LOAN (HYMENOPTERA: BRACONIDAE) IMPORTED FOR THE CONTROL OF SITONA DISCOIDEUS GYLLENHAL (COLEOPTERA: CURCULIONIDAE) IN SOUTH EASTERN AUSTRALIA
Authors: Cullen J. M. , Hopkins D. C. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe braconid parasite Microctonus aethiopoides was imported from Morocco in 1976 and released at sites in S.A. and N.S.W. in 1977 and 1978 for the biological control of Sitona discoideus. Rearing, release and recovery methods are described, including techniques necessary to overcome the problems posed by the aestivation of the host. The parasite has become established at several sites and is a promising control agent with a high searching capacity and rapid rate of increase relative to its host.
LIFE‐CYCLE AND ASPECTS OF THE BIOLOGY OF TASMANIAN EUCALYPTUS LEAF BEETLE, CHRYSOPHTHARTA BIMACULATA (OLIVIER) (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE).
Authors: Little D. W. de 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe Tasmanian eucalyptus leaf beetle, Chrysophtharta bimaculata, previously considered to be bivoltine, was found to have a univoltine life‐cycle in north‐west Tasmania. Field sex ratio and laboratory fecundity of the species were determined. Foliage of hosts within the series Obliquae (subgenus Monocalyptus) appeared to be the favoured food of C. bimaculata larvae. Four species of Obliquae tested were approximately equally favorable, and signficantly more favorable than foliage of a species of Piperitae (Monocalyptus).
SOUND PRODUCTION IN MICRONECTA BATILLA HALE (HEMIPTERA: CORIXIDAE)—AN ALTERNATIVE STRUCTURE
Authors: Bailey Winston J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe sound and associated stridulatory structures in males have been re‐examined in Micronecta batilla following a recent explanation of underwater stridulation for this species (King 1976). Observations are supported by scanning EM and analyses of the sound. A different stridulatory system has been seen to function, and its sound output has been reconciled with its structure and the presence of wear patterns on the pars stridens.
IN VITRO CULTURE OF THE APHID PATHOGENIC FUNGUS ENTOMOPHTHORA PLANCHONIANA CORNU (ZYGOMYCETES: ENTOMOPHTHORALES)
Authors: Holdom D. G. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe isolation and culture of Entomophthora planchoniana in vitro is described for the first time. The pathogen was isolated in liquid medium and then transferred to solid medium where sporulation occurred. Conidia from one culture were used successfully to reinfect aphids.
ALDRIN EPOXIDASE ACTIVITY IN LARVAE OF A SUSCEPTIBLE AND A RESISTANT STRAIN OF THE SHEEP BLOWFLY, LUCILIA CUPRINA (WIEDEMANN)
Authors: Terras M. A. , Rose H. A. , Hughes* P. B. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAssay conditions for measuring aldrin epoxidase activity in mature 3rd instar larvae of Lucilia cuprina were optimised. An organophosphorus resistant strain possessed 3.2 fold higher activity than a susceptible strain.
INFLUENCE OF PLANT SPECIES ON THE MOVEMENT OF TRISSOLCUS BASAUS WOOLASTON (HYMENOPTERA: SCELIONIDAE)–A PARASITE OF NEZARA VIRIDULA L.
Authors: Turner J. W. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe rate of movement of Trissolcus basalis over lower leaf surfaces of soybean, sunflower, bean, mung bean and cowpea was measured in the laboratory. Leaves of sesame appeared repellant to wasps and no measurements could be made. The rate of movement on soybean was a third of the mean of that on the other 4 species. Oviposition by wasps caged over plants on which eggs of Nezara viridula had been distributed was assessed. The percentage of eggs parasitised was less on soybean than on other species. It is suggested that the density and length of trichomes inhibit wasp movement and thus the effectiveness of T. basalis as a biological control agent of N. viridula on soybeans.
A NEW GENUS OF HOLOPTILINAE FROM AUSTRALIA (HEMIPTERA: REDUVIIDAE)
Authors: Malipatil M. B. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACT Aradelloides gen. n. is described with 3 new Australian species—A. maculatus (type‐species), A. wilsoni and A. taylori—and compared with another Australian endemic genus, Aradellus Westwood. The new genus is considered more apomorphic than Aradellus and is placed with it in the tribe Aradellini, the diagnosis of which is here modified.
TOXICITY OF FOUR INSECTICIDES TO PHYTOSEIULUS MACROPILIS (BANKS) AND P. PERSIMILIS ATHIAS‐HENRIOT (ACARINA: PHYTOSEIIDAE)
Authors: Brun L. O. , Chazeau J. , Edge V. E. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTCommercial formulations of dimethoate, methomyl, fenvalerate and endosulfan were tested against a New Caledonian strain of Phytoseiulus macropilis and an Australian strain P. persimilis using a slide‐dip technique. The responses of the 2 species to fenvalerate, methomyl and endosulfan were similar, with fenvalerate being the most toxic and endosulfan the least. In contrast, dimethoate was 50x more toxic to P. macropolis than to P. persimilis at the LC50 level.
SURVIVAL OF FIRST INSTAR LARVAE OF PTEROHELAEUS DARLINGENSIS CARTER (COLEOPTERA: TENEBRIONIDAE) EXPOSED TO HIGH TEMPERATURES: A LABORATORY STUDY
Authors: Allsopp P. G. 
Published: April 2007

ABSTRACTFirst instar larvae of Pterohelaeus darlingensis were exposed for up to 5 periods of up to 48 h to temperatures between 29–45°C in soils of 10 or 30% soil moisture to define empirically the effects of these parameters on survival. In general, survival was greater in moist soil than in dry soil. Survival decreased exponentially with increasing exposure. Repeated exposures to sublethal temperatures in moist soil caused higher mortality than at previous exposures to the same temperature. The reverse relationship held for exposures in dry soil. These results are used to develop a mathematical model of survival of first instar larvae which should allow prediction of survival in the field.
THE USE OF GONADS IN LARVAL SEXING OF THE JARRAH LEAFMINER, PERTHIDA GLYPHOPA COMMON (LEPIDOPTERA: INCURVARIIDAE)
Authors: Mazanec Z. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe gonads of the larva of the jarrah leafminer Perthida glyphopa are embedded in a dorsal fat body within the abdomen. In both sexes they are pear‐shaped in instars 1–3, but are 4 lobed in instar 4. The ducts of the gonads terminate within abdominal segment 7 of females and in segment 10 of males in all instars. The sexes were most readily determined by examining internal organs released from sections of larvae comprising abdominal segments 3–7; gonads were released only if the larvae were males.
AN EXTRACTION METHOD USED TO STUDY VERTICAL AND LATERAL DISTRIBUTION OF SOLDIER FLY INOPUS RUBRICEPS (DIPTERA: STRATIOMYIDAE) IN SUGAR CANE SOIL
Authors: Robertson L. N. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA method for extracting the sugarcane soldier fly (Inopus rubriceps (Macquart)) larvae, pupae and remains from canefield soils by suspension in moving water is presented. Vertical and lateral distribution of larvae and pupae in relation to sugarcane plants was studied.
STUDIES ON THE SEX RATIO IN THE JARRAH LEAFMINER PERTHIDA GLYPHOPA (LEPIDOPTERA: INCURVARIIDAE)
Authors: Mazanec Z. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe sex ratio of the jarrah leafminer Perthida glyphopa Common was studied in the larvae, pupae and adults. Female larvae predominated at the feeding stage in leaves during June‐September, the sex ratio (male:female) being 0.74:1.00. Diapausing larvae in the soil at the end of September had sex ratio 1.47:1.00, pupae in March 1.30:1.00 and emerging adults in April‐May 1.56:1.00. The reversal of the sex ratio at the diapausing stage suggests a biased mortality of female larvae in the soil.
THE ACQUISITION OF AERIAL U.L.V. SPRAYS BY AUSTRALIAN PLAGUE LOCUST NYMPHS, CHORTOICETES TERMINIFERA (WALKER)
Authors: Nguyen N. T. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe direct and indirect modes of insecticide acquisition by Chortoicetes terminifera nymphs in the field were investigated by measuring insecticide content in nymphs collected at intervals from grassland which had been sprayed from the air with fenitrothion 1.28 kg L‐1, In sparsely vegetated pasture, acquisition was mainly by direct droplet impaction. Residual (indirect) acquisition occurred in addition to direct impaction and became dominant when the nymphs were sprayed in relatively dense pasture. Residual insecticide was accumulated during the first hour or so after treatment, at a rate which was approximately proportional to the residue level on the grass and the amount of grass available. The nymphs accumulated residual insecticide presumably from contact and feeding on the contaminated grass; collection from deposit on the soil surface was negligible.
CHEMOSTERILISATION OF THE SCREW‐WORM FLY, CHRYSOMYA BEZZIANA VILLENEUVE WITH BENZYLPHENOLS
Authors: Pound A. A. , Spradbery J. P. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe effects of 3 biologically active plant benzylphenols on the fertility of the screw‐worm fly, Chrysomya bezziana, were studied. The compounds were: 2,4‐bis (1,1‐dimethylethyl)‐6‐(4‐methoxyphenylmethyl)‐phenol (J 2644); 2,4‐bis (1,1‐dimethylethyl)‐6‐(1‐phenylethyl)‐phenol (J 2706); 2,4‐bis (1,1‐dimethylethyl)‐6‐(phenylmethyl)‐phenol (J 2419). Topical application of 2 μL of 0.08% J 2644, 0.16%, J 2706, or 0.32% J 2419 resulted in complete sterility (zero egg hatch) as did tarsal contact with deposits left by 0.1 to 1.0% solution of the materials. When the chemosterilants were added to the larval rearing medium at a concentration of 0.02% the resulting females were similarly sterilised. The dipping of puparia into 0.1% solution of the chemosterilants caused partial sterility. When males which had fed as adults on the chemosterilant J 2644 were crossed with untreated females, the resulting eggs failed to hatch.
DIFFERENTIAL DEFOLIATION BY INSECTS AMONG PROVENANCES OF EUCALYPTUS DELEGATENSIS
Authors: Ohmart C. P. , Thomas J. R. , Stewart L. G. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThree identical provenance trials of Eucalyptus delegatensis, established at Batlow, N.S.W., Parrawe, Tasmania, and Myrtle Bank, Tasmania, were sampled in 1981 to determine whether differential insect defoliation was occurring among the provenances planted in these trials. The trial at Batlow was sampled again in 1982. Twenty provenances were selected for sampling from the 64 planted in each trial, 10 from mainland Australia and 10 from Tasmania. Defoliation in the Tasmanian provenances at the Batlow trial in both sample years was significantly greater than that in the mainland provenances, with most provenances from Tasmania sustaining almost twice as much defoliation as those from the mainland. The pooled mean level of defoliation in the Tasmanian provenances was greater than that of the mainland group at the Parrawe and Myrtle Bank trials but this difference was not statistically significant. The levels of defoliation at both these sites was felt to be too low to detect significant patterns. Some possible reasons for these differences in defoliation are discussed.
REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF SOME AUSTRALIAN COCKROACHES (BLATTODEA: BLABERIDAE)
Authors: Rugg D. , Rose H. A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractDuring investigation of the life history of some Panesthiinae species, females were found to contain egg masses of a form previously unknown in natural populations. Those of Panesthia cribrata Saussure and P. australis Brunner comprised a double row of about 20 eggs partially covered by a membrane plus a number of eggs lying outside this oothecal membrane. Eggs of Macropanesthia rhinoceros Saussure and Geoscapheus dilatatus Saussure were in a loosely appressed mass with no membranous covering. P. cribrata and G. dilatatus were found to be ovoviviparous as eggs received only water from the female.In the evolution of oothecae in the Blaberidae there is a trend towards reduction of the oothecal membrane and structure. Ultimate reduction is found in Geoscapheus and Macropanesthia, in which loss of oothecal structure allows eggs to be deposited directly into the brood sac.
THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE POPULATION GROWTH POTENTIAL OF DACTYLOPIUS AUSTRINUS DE LOTTO (HOMOPTERA: DACTYLOPIIDAE), ON OPUNTIA AURANTIACA LINDLEY
Authors: Hosking J. R. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe development, reproduction and population growth statistics of Dactylopius austrinus on Opuntia aurantiaca are described for constant temperatures of 17.5, 20, 22.5, 25, 27.5, 30, 32 and 34°C. The lower temperature threshold for female development was 15.6 °C. Development was most rapid at 32 °C and the rate of development was linearly related to temperature between 20 and 30 °C. The maximum finite rate of increase (Λ) was 1.1569 females per female per day at 30 °C. Relevance of this study to control of O. aurantiaca and breeding of D. austrinus for field release are discussed.
A REVIEW OF THE NAUCORINAE OF AUSTRALIA (HETEROPTERA: NAUCORIDAE)
Authors: Polhemus John T. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAll 3 known Australian Naucorinae belong in Naucoris Fabricius: N. australicus Stål, N. congrex Stål and N. subopacus Montandon. N. rhizomatus sp. n. is described and a key to the Australian species provided.
TAXONOMIC NOTES ON SOME AUSTRALASIAN MECYCLOTHORAX SHARP (COLEOPTERA: CARABIDAE: PSYDRINAE) AND DESCRIPTIONS OF NEW SPECIES
Authors: Moore B. P. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe often confused sibling species of Mecyclothorax, M. ambiguus (Erichson), M. punctipennis (Macleay) and M. rotundicollis (White), are distinguished and lectotypes are designated for M. ambiguus and M. punctipennis. “Anchomenus” lophoides Chaudoir is also shown to be a distinct species of Mecyclothorax (comb. n.), whereas M. obsoletus (Blackburn) is placed as a form of M. punctipennis (syn. n.). Two new species, M. storeyi and M. lewisensis, are described from the mountains of tropical Queensland.
NON‐SUSCEPTIBILITY OF APIS MELLIFERA TO CULICINOMYCES CLAVISPORUS
Authors: Cooper Robert , Hornitzky M. , Medcraft B. E. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe commercial honey bee Apis mellifera was exposed to the mosquito pathogenic fungus Culicinomyces clavisporus. The examination of adults and larvae, sampled from an inoculated hive failed to detect any evidence of fungal invasion. Adult bees maintained in the laboratory at 27 °C and fed a fungal suspension were also found to be not susceptible.
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BDELLODES LAPIDARIA (KRAMER) (ACARI: BDELLIDAE) AS A PREDATOR OF SMINTHURUS VIRIDIS (L.) (COLLEMBOLA: SMINTHURIDAE) IN NORTH WEST TASMANIA
Authors: Ireson J. E. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractPopulation studies at 3 sites in north west Tasmania failed to indicate any significant predator‐prey relationship between the predatory pasture snout mite, Bdellodes lapidaria and the lucerne flea Sminthurus viridis or other surface‐active Collembola. These findings are at variance with results obtained from previous work in Western Australia and South Africa. The effect of climatic factors and an abundance of alternative prey species on the performance of B. lapidaria is discussed.
DISSOLVING WAX FROM SCALE INSECTS: A METHOD FOR ASSESSING PARASITISM AND DETERMINING INSTARS OF CEROPLASTES SPP. AND GASCARDIA DESTRUCTOR (NEWSTEAD) (HOMOPTERA: COCCIDAE)
Authors: Sands D. P. A. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA method of dissolving wax from the wax scale insects Ceroplastes spp. and Gascardia destructor, using a mixture of ethanol and xylene, is described. The method enables the instars of the scale insects to be readily determined, observation of advanced parasitoid stages, and identification of parasitoid pupae, without the need to remove the scale insects from their plant substrate.
A NEW GENUS FOR CHLENIAS FUCATA FELDER AND ROGENHOFER (LEPIDOPTERA: GEOMETRIDAE: ENNOMINAE) AND A NEW TASMANIAN SPECIES
Authors: McQuillan P. B. 
Published: April 2007

Abstract Plesanemma gen. n. is proposed for the Australian ennomine Chlenias fucata, referred to the related genus Mnesampela Guest by later authors. This, and a new species from Tasmania (P. altafucata sp. n.) are described and figured, and some details of their biology provided.
BUSH FLY ABUNDANCE IN AN OVERWINTERING ZONE DURING 1979–82 COMPARED WITH SOME DATA COLLECTED BEFORE THE INTRODUCTION OF EXOTIC DUNG BEETLES
Authors: Hughes R. D. , Morton R. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractRecent estimates of the abundance of bush flies (Musca vetustissima Walker) overwintering in southern Queensland were compared with fragmentary data collected before exotic dung beetles were established in the region. The difference found was not significant.