bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Glutamate is a determinant of cellular proliferation through modulation of nuclear factor E2 p45‐related factor‐2 expression in osteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cells
Authors: Uno Kyosuke , Takarada Takeshi , Hinoi Eiichi , Yoneda Yukio 
Published: April 2007

AbstractActivation of particular glutamate (Glu) receptors is shown to promote cellular differentiation toward maturation during osteoblastogenesis. In the present study, we have evaluated the possible modulation by Glu of cellular proliferation in osteoblastic cells endowed to proliferate for self‐renewal and to differentiate toward matured osteoblasts. Exposure to Glu significantly suppressed the proliferation activity at a concentration over 500 µM without inducing cell death in osteoblastic MC3T3‐E1 cells before differentiation. The suppression by Glu occurred in a manner sensitive to the prevention by either cystine or reduced glutathione. Expression of mRNA was for the first time shown with the cystine/Glu antiporter composed of xCT and 4F2hc subunits in these undifferentiated osteoblastic cells. A significant decrease was seen in intracellular total glutathione levels in undifferentiated MC3T3‐E1 cells cultured with Glu, indeed, whereas the cellular proliferation activity was drastically decreased by the addition of the glutathione depleter cyclohexene‐1‐one and the glutathione biosynthesis inhibitor L‐buthionine‐[S,R]‐sulfoximine, respectively. Exposure to Glu led to a significant increase in mRNA expression of nuclear factor E2 p45‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) together with the generation of reactive oxygen species, while a significant decrease was seen in the proliferation activity in MC3T3‐E1 cells with stable overexpression of Nrf2. These results suggest that Glu could suppress the cellular proliferation toward self‐renewal through a mechanism associated with the upregulation of Nrf2 expression in association with the depletion of intracellular glutathione after promoting the retrograde operation of the cystine/Glu antiporter in undifferentiated MC3T3‐E1 cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 213: 105–114, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fak/Src signaling in human intestinal epithelial cell survival and anoikis: Differentiation state‐specific uncoupling with the PI3‐K/Akt‐1 and MEK/Erk pathways
Authors: Bouchard Véronique , Demers Marie‐Josée , Thibodeau Sonya , Laquerre Vincent , Fujita Naoya , Tsuruo Takashi , Beaulieu Jean‐François , Gauthier Rémy , Vézina Anne , Villeneuve Lisabeth , Vachon Pierre H. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractHuman intestinal epithelial cell survival and anoikis are distinctively regulated according to the state of differentiation. In the present study, we analyzed the roles of focal adhesion kinase (Fak)/Src signaling to the PI3‐K/Akt‐1 and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MEK)/extracellular regulated kinases (Erk) pathways, within the context of such differentiation‐state distinctions. Anoikis was induced by inhibition of β1 integrins (antibody blocking), inhibition of Fak (pharmacologic inhibition or overexpression of dominant negative mutants), or by maintaining cells in suspension. Activation parameters of Fak, Src, Akt‐1, and Erk1/2 were analyzed. Activities of Src, Akt‐1, or Erk1/2 were also blocked by pharmacological inhibition or by overexpression of dominant‐negative mutants. We report that: (1) the loss or inhibition of β1 integrin binding activity causes anoikis and results in a down‐activation of Fak, Src, Akt‐1, and Erk1/2 in both undifferentiated, and differentiated cells; (2) the inhibition of Fak likewise causes anoikis and a down‐activation of Src, Akt‐1, and Erk1/2, regardless of the differentiation state; (3) Src, PI3‐K/Akt‐1, and MEK/Erk contribute to the survival of differentiated cells, whereas MEK/Erk does not play a role in the survival of undifferentiated ones; (4) the inhibition/loss of β1 integrin binding and/or Fak activity results in a loss of Src engagement with Fak, regardless of the state of differentiation; and (5) Src contributes to the activation of both the PI3‐K/Akt‐1 and MEK/Erk pathways in undifferentiated cells, but does not influence PI3‐K/Akt‐1 in differentiated ones. Hence, Fak/Src signaling to the PI3‐K/Akt‐1 and MEK/Erk pathways undergoes a differentiation state‐specific uncoupling which ultimately reflects upon the selective engagement of these same pathways in the mediation of intestinal epithelial cell survival. J. Cell. Physiol. 212:717–728, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Root traits of different crops under rainfed conditions in the High Barind Tract of Bangladesh
Authors: Ali M. Yusuf , Ahmed Selim , Johansen Chris , Harris David , Rao J. V. D. K. Kumar 
Published: April 2007

AbstractRoot traits of six different crops grown on residual soil moisture in the post–rainy season in the High Barind Tract (HBT) of Bangladesh were investigated to better understand their adaptation to this moisture‐limited environment. Deep‐rooting chickpea is the currently favored rainfed crop grown after rainy‐season rice in the HBT, but it is necessary to identify alternative crops to chickpea in order to avoid buildup of pests and diseases. Averaged over 2 y, barley (1.72 Mg ha–1) produced significantly more grain than chickpea (1.4 Mg ha–1) which, in turn, yielded better than linseed (1.0 Mg ha–1), wheat (0.93 Mg ha–1), and mustard (0.77 Mg ha–1). Lentil did not produce any grain at all. Grain yield for all crops increased as total root length increased above a threshold value of 0.05 to 0.1 km m–2. In general, grain yield increased as the proportion of total root produced below 60 cm depth increased, although barley also had thin roots that could more effectively extract soil moisture. Expression of root traits varied considerably between seasons, which was attributable to the different rainfall patterns and bulk‐density characteristics of the soil profile in the 2 years of the study. Although favorable root traits, particularly rooting ability below 60 cm, are a prerequisite for acceptable yield levels of crops grown on residual soil moisture in the HBT, it is recognized that farmers' choice of a post‐rice crop will depend on its economic return or food‐security value.
Zur Interpretation erhöhter Schluffgehalte in Böden des Bayerischen und des Oberpfälzer Waldes
Authors: Förster Helmwart , Ullrich Frank 
Published: April 2007

AbstractAnhand der Körnungsanalysen von insgesamt 41 repräsentativen Pedons aus verschiedenen Teillandschaften des Bayerischen und des Oberpfälzer Waldes wird die Bedeutung äolischer Beimengungen für diese Mittelgebirgsböden untersucht. Typische Lösslehm‐ bzw. Lössprofile (drei Pedons) finden sich nur in der donaunahen Vorwaldzone des Bayerischen Waldes, lösslehmbeeinflusste Böden (ein Pedon) teilweise auch im nordöstlich daran angrenzenden Vorderen Bayerischen Wald. Für die übrigen Teillandschaften (insgesamt 37 Pedons) ist dagegen kein Hinweis auf äolische Beimengungen ableitbar: Allen diesen Profilen fehlt ein Grobschluff‐Maximum in der Hauptlage, was bei der Einblasung von typischen Lösslehmen zu erwarten wäre. Siebzehn von ihnen verfügen in ihrer Hauptlage stattdessen über ein Mittelschluff‐Maximum, das als Resultat intensiver (Frost)Verwitterung interpretiert wird. Ein verbreitetes Vorkommen lösslehmbeeinflusster Böden kann demnach für den ostbayerischen Mittelgebirgsraum nicht bestätigt werden.
Synergistic effects of the inoculation with nitrogen‐fixing and phosphate‐solubilizing rhizobacteria on the performance of field‐grown chickpea
Authors: Wani Parvaze A. , Khan Mohammad Saghir , Zaidi Almas 
Published: April 2007

AbstractThe synergistic effects of nitrogen‐fixing and phosphate‐solubilizing rhizobacteria on plant growth, yield, grain protein, and nutrient uptake of chickpea plants were determined in a sandy clay‐loam soil. Legume grain yield and concentration and uptake of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were significantly increased as a result of co‐inoculation with Mesorhizobium and P‐solubilizing Pseudomonas and Bacillus spp. The inoculation with M. ciceri RC4 + A. chroococuum A10 + Bacillus PSB9 tripled the seed yield and resulted in highest grain protein (295 mg g–1) at 145 d after sowing (DAS). An 8% increase in P concentration above the uninoculated control was observed in case of a single inoculation with Pseudomonas PSB 5, while the P uptake was highest (2.14‐fold above the uninoculated control) with a combined inoculation with [M. ciceri RC4 + A. chroococcum A10 + Bacillus PSB 9] at 145 DAS. The highest N concentration and N uptake at 145 DAS (81% and 16% above the uninoculated control, respectively) were observed with the triple inoculation of [M. ciceri RC4 + A. chroococcum A10 + Pseudomonas PSB 5). These findings show that multiple inoculations with rhizospheric microorganisms can promote plant growth and grain yield and increase concentrations and uptake of N and P by field‐grown chickpea.
The influence of plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria on growth and enzyme activities in wheat and spinach plants
Authors: Çakmakçı Ramazan , Erat Mustafa , Erdoğan Ümmügülsüm , Dönmez Mesude Figen 
Published: April 2007

AbstractA pot experiment in a greenhouse was conducted in order to investigate the effect of different N2‐fixing, phytohormone‐producing, and P‐solubilizing bacterial species on wheat and spinach growth and enzyme activities. Growth parameters and the activities of four enzymes, glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD; EC 1.1.1.49), 6‐phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD; EC 1.1.1.44), glutathione reductase (GR; EC 1.8.1.7), and glutathione S‐transferase (GST; EC 2.5.1.18) were determined in the leaves of wheat (Triticum aestivum L., Konya) and spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), noninoculated and inoculated with nine plant growth–promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR: Bacillus cereus RC18, Bacillus licheniformis RC08, Bacillus megaterium RC07, Bacillus subtilis RC11, Bacillus OSU‐142, Bacillus M‐13, Pseudomonas putida RC06, Paenibacillus polymyxa RC05 and RC14). Among the strains used in the present study, six PGPR exhibited nitrogenase activity and four were efficient in phosphate solubilization; all bacterial strains were efficient in indole acetic acid (IAA) production and significantly increased growth of wheat and spinach. Inoculation with PGPR increased wheat shoot fresh weight by 16.2%–53.8% and spinach shoot fresh weight by 2.2%–53.4% over control. PGPR inoculation gave leaf area increases by 6.0%–47.0% in wheat and 5.3%–49.3% in spinach. Inoculation increased plant height by 2.2%–24.6% and 1.9%–36.8% in wheat and spinach, respectively. A close relationship between plant growth and enzyme activities such as G6PD, 6PGD, GR, and GST was demonstrated. Plant‐growth response was variable and dependent on the inoculant strain, enzyme activity, plant species, and growth parameter evaluated. In particular, the N2‐fixing bacterial strains RC05, RC06, RC14, and OSU‐142 and the P‐solubilizing strains RC07 and RC08 have great potential in being formulated and used as biofertilizers.
A multivariate analysis of adhesion molecules expression in assessment of colorectal cancer
Authors: Ngan Chew Yee , Yamamoto Hirofumi , Seshimo Iwao , Ezumi Koji , Terayama Motokazu , Hemmi Hideyuki , Takemasa Ichiro , Ikeda Masataka , Sekimoto Mitsugu , Monden Morito 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesAdhesion molecules are implicated in the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite the evidence of association between their expression and patients' prognosis, the data have not been examined simultaneously in a same study; thus, the relative clinical value remained largely unknown. The aim of this study was to identify the adhesion factors that display the most significant prognostic value for CRC patients to guide clinical decision‐making regarding appropriate treatment.Patients and MethodsWe examined by immunohistochemistry, the expression of E‐cadherin and its associated catenins, alpha(α)‐catenin and beta(β)‐catenin, DCC, and CD44 and its partner, MT1‐MMP in a series of 140 CRC tissues at intermediate Stage II and Stage III to determine their prognostic significance.ResultsClinicopathological survey indicated an inverse relationship between E‐cadherin expression and tumor differentiation, and an association between CD44 expression and venous invasion. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that loss of expression of E‐cadherin and CD44 significantly correlated to poor survival, especially in Stage II. Combination studies indicated that loss of E‐cadherin and loss of CD44 had the worst impact on patient prognosis, particularly in colon cancer.ConclusionImmunohistochemical staining of E‐cadherin and CD44 may help to identify a subgroup of high‐risk patients with Stage II CRC, especially in colon cancer, who may need intensive follow‐up and appropriate therapeutic strategy. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;95:652–662. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
“Wide local ablation” of localized breast cancer using high intensity focused ultrasound
Authors: Wu Feng , Wang Zhi‐Biao , Cao You‐De , Zhu Xue‐Qiang , Zhu Hui , Chen Wen‐Zhi , Zou Jiang‐Zhong 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBackground and ObjectiveHigh intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is a non‐invasive technique for tumor ablation. The goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility of performing wide local ablation using ultrasound‐guided HIFU in the treatment of patients with localized breast cancer.MethodsTwenty‐three patients with histologically proven breast cancer were enrolled in this prospective clinical trial. They underwent HIFU treatment for breast cancer including the tumor and 1.5–2.0 cm normal breast tissue surrounding the tumor, followed by modified mastectomy 1–2 weeks after HIFU. Radiological examination, histological, and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase‐mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) methods were performed to evaluate therapeutic effects in the treated region.ResultsThermal ablation was confirmed in all 23 patients. It included tumor and normal breast tissue surrounding the tumor. Mean values of the largest parallel and perpendicular dimensions, and volume of HIFU lesions in excised breasts were significantly larger than those of the targeted tumors respectively (P < 0.001). Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining showed clear evidence of complete coagulation necrosis in the treated regions. However, no apoptotic cells were detected in either treated tumor or normal breast tissue.ConclusionAs a non‐invasive therapy, ultrasound‐guided HIFU can induce wide local ablation in the treatment of patients with localized breast cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96:130–136. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
MDR1 gene polymorphisms and risk of recurrence in patients With hepatocellular carcinoma after liver transplantation
Authors: Wu Liming , Xu Xiaobo , Shen Juwei , Xie Haiyang , Yu Songfeng , Liang Tingbo , Wang Weilin , Shen Yan , Zhang Min , Zheng Shusen 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesRecurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation (LT) remains a major cause of post‐LT death. However, currently there is still lacking the markers to reliably predict recurrence. This study was undertaken to evaluate the association between three polymorphisms (C1236T, G2677A/T, C3435T) of Multidrug resistance 1 (MDR1) gene and the risk of recurrence after LT.MethodsGenomic DNA of 99 HCC patients undergoing LT was extracted from peripheral blood lymphocytes and genotyping was performed using polymerase chain reaction‐restriction fragment length polymorphism assay. Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the hazard ratios associated with polymorphisms.ResultsDuring a mean follow‐up of 14.9 months, 49 patients experienced recurrence. The association between recurrence‐free and 2677A carrier (carrying at least one variant A allele) was significant (P = 0.019). However, no significant association was observed in other polymorphisms. Patients with 2677A carrier conferred a 63% reduction in recurrence risk compared with 2677A non‐carrier (odds ratio: 0.374; 95% confidence interval: 0.177–0.788;P = 0.010). The median recurrence‐free survival for 2677A carrier group was significantly longer than that for 2677A non‐carrier group (44.2 vs. 10.5 months,P = 0.015).ConclusionThe polymorphism of MDR1 gene may be a valuable molecular marker for HCC recurrence after LT. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96:62–68. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The incidence, indications and outcome for the non‐operative management of breast cancer
Authors: Atkin Gary K. , Scott Mike A. , Wiggins Joan E. , Callam Michael J. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify the proportion of patients with breast cancer who do not undergo primary operative treatment, to identify the reasons surgery is not performed, and to determine the outcome for this group of patients.MethodsData was obtained from the Bedford Breast Cancer Registry for all non‐metastatic patients presenting between January 1990 and December 2004 who were initially treated non‐operatively. Robust diagnostic, therapeutic, and follow‐up data on all patients was collected prospectively during this period.ResultsOne hundred and eighty‐five out of 2110 episodes of breast cancer were treated non‐operatively during this period. Sixty‐eight percent of patients were unfit for surgery, 15% had inoperable tumours, and 17% refused surgical intervention. Median survival and 5‐year survival rate for all non‐operative patients were 3.7 years and 41.2%. Median survival for inoperable patients was 3.7 years, compared with 3.5 years for those unfit for surgery and 4.2 years for those who refused surgery. The 5‐year survival rate for patients refusing surgery was 43%, compared with 61% for a matched group of patients undergoing standard surgical therapy.ConclusionsThis study provides useful data on the reasons for, and outcome of, the non‐operative management of breast cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96:137–143. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prevention of surgical site infection after breast cancer surgery by targeted prophylaxis antibiotic in patients at high risk of surgical site infection
Authors: Nicolas Penel , Yazdan Yazdanpanah , Marie‐Pierre Chauvet , Stéphanie Clisant , Sylvia Giard , Jean‐Charles Neu , Danièle Lefebvre , Charles Fournier , Jacques Bonneterre 
Published: April 2007

AbstractObjectiveWe previously showed that previous chemotherapy and immediate breast reconstruction were associated with an increased risk of surgical site infection (SSI) in patients undergoing breast cancer surgery. The present before–after study evaluated a preventive strategy for high‐risk patients.Patients and MethodsWe compared the incidence of SSI in two prospective observational cohorts of patients underwent clean procedure in curative intent for a‐biopsy proven breast cancer: a historical cohort followed before implementation of a preventive strategy and a second cohort followed thereafter. The strategy consisted of identifying patients at risk of SSI and prophylaxis administration of cefuroxime to those patients. The impact of our strategy was analyzed using a logistic regression model adjusted for potential confounders.ResultsSSI incidence was estimated at 19/542 (3.5%) before preventive strategy versus 2/247 (0.8%) thereafter (crude odds ratio (OR) 0.22 confidence interval [95% CI 0.05–0.97], P = 0.03). After adjustment for confounders (breast reconstruction, previous breast surgery, and duration of surgery), our preventive strategy reduced the risk of SSI by 81% (adjusted OR 0.19 [95% CI 0.04–0.85], P = 0.03).ConclusionThese results showed that antibiotic prophylaxis is beneficial for patients at high‐risk of WI after breast cancer surgery. Randomized controlled trials should now confirm these findings. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96:124–129. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Alleviation of oxidative and nitrosative stress following curative resection in patient with oral cavity cancer
Authors: Rasheed Muzib Hassanal , Beevi Syed Sultan , Rajaraman R. , Bose S.J.C. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractBackgroundOxidative stress by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitrosative stress by reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are proven initiators and promoters in carcinogenesis. Elevated ROS/RNS with lowered antioxidants occur in patients with squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity. Ours is the first study to evaluate the effect of curative resection on both oxidative and nitrosative stress in such patients.MethodsThis study was conducted on 24 cancer patients and with age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. Lipid peroxidation products, nitric oxide (NO) products and ceruloplasmin (CPL) in plasma were measured before and after surgery. Similarly enzymatic antioxidants in erythrocytes and non‐enzymatic antioxidants in plasma were measured.ResultsStatistically significant elevation of lipid peroxidation, NO products and CPL and depletion of antioxidants were found in cancer patients compared with controls. After curative surgical resection there was a statistically significant fall in oxidants and CPL coupled with a rise in antioxidants.ConclusionsOur results suggest that oxidative/nitrosative stress could play a significant role in oral cavity cancer (OCC) and that curative resection is effective in alleviating this oxidative/nitrosative burden. Significant mitigation of oxidative/nitrosative stress could indicate the completeness of resection since tumor forms the major source of oxidants. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007;96: 194–199. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Utility transversality: a value‐based approach
Authors: Matheson James E. , Abbas Ali E. 
Published: April 2007

AbstractWe examine multiattribute decision problems where a value function is specified over the attributes of a decision problem, as is typically done in the deterministic phase of a decision analysis. When uncertainty is present, a utility function is assigned over the value function to represent the decision maker's risk attitude towards value, which we refer to as a value‐based approach. A fundamental result of using the value‐based approach is a closed form expression that relates the risk aversion functions of the individual attributes to the trade‐off functions between them. We call this relation utility transversality. The utility transversality relation asserts that once the value function is specified there is only one dimension of risk attitude in multiattribute decision problems. The construction of multiattribute utility functions using the value‐based approach provides the flexibility to model more general functional forms that do not require assumptions of utility independence. For example, we derive a new family of multiattribute utility functions that describes richer preference structures than the usual multilinear family. We also show that many classical results of utility theory, such as risk sharing and the notion of a corporate risk tolerance, can be derived simply from the utility transversality relations by appropriate choice of the value function. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.