bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tetraspanin CD151 is expressed in osteoarthritic cartilage and is involved in pericellular activation of pro–matrix metalloproteinase 7 in osteoarthritic chondrocytes
Authors: Fujita Yoshinari , Shiomi Takayuki , Yanagimoto Shigeru , Matsumoto Hideo , Toyama Yoshiaki , Okada Yasunori 
Published: September 2006

AbstractObjectiveThe proenzyme of matrix metalloproteinase 7 (proMMP‐7), which can degrade various extracellular matrix (ECM) and non‐ECM molecules after being activated, is overexpressed in osteoarthritic (OA) articular cartilage, but the process of its activation in the cartilage remains unknown. The present study was undertaken to investigate the expression of tetraspanin CD151 in OA cartilage and its involvement in proMMP‐7 activation.MethodsThe expression of CD151 in articular cartilage was examined by reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), real‐time PCR, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and immunoblotting. Chondrocytes were used to study the interaction between CD151 and proMMP‐7, and activation of proMMP‐7.ResultsRT‐PCR revealed expression of CD151 messenger RNA in all OA cartilage samples, but in only 30% of normal control cartilage samples. Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization findings indicated that CD151 was coexpressed with proMMP‐7 in chondrocytes, mainly in the superficial and transitional zones of OA cartilage. CD151 immunoreactivity directly correlated with the Mankin score (r = 0.757, P < 0.0001 [n = 30]) and the degree of chondrocyte cloning (r = 0.83, P < 0.0001 [n = 30]) in the cartilage samples. Complexes CD151 and proMMP‐7 and their colocalization on the cell membranes were demonstrated by immunoprecipitation and double fluorescence immunostaining of the OA chondrocytes. In situ zymography indicated that chondrocytes exhibit pericellular proteolytic activity, which was abolished by treatment with MMP inhibitors, anti–MMP‐7 antibody, or anti‐CD151 antibody.ConclusionThese data demonstrate that CD151 is overexpressed in OA cartilage and suggest that CD151 plays a role in the pericellular activation of proMMP‐7, leading to cartilage destruction and/or chondrocyte cloning.
A prospective population‐based study of the predictors of undergoing total joint arthroplasty
Authors: Hawker Gillian A. , Guan Jun , Croxford Ruth , Coyte Peter C. , Glazier Richard H. , Harvey Bart J. , Wright James G. , Williams Jack I. , Badley Elizabeth M. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractObjectiveTo examine prospectively the predictors of time to total joint arthroplasty (TJA).MethodsThis was a prospective cohort study with a median followup time of 6.1 years. We included participants from an existing population‐based cohort of 2,128 individuals, ages 55 years and older with disabling hip and/or knee arthritis and no prior TJA, from 2 regions of Ontario, Canada, 1 urban with low TJA rates and 1 rural with high rates. The main outcome measure was the occurrence of a TJA based on procedure codes in the hospital discharge abstract database.ResultsAt baseline, the mean age of the patients was 71.5 years, 67.9% had a high school education or higher, 73.4% were women, the mean arthritis severity (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index [WOMAC]) score was 41.1 (maximum possible score 100), and 20.0% were willing to consider TJA. Greater probability of undergoing TJA was associated with higher (worse) baseline WOMAC scores (hazard ratio [HR] 1.22 per 10‐unit increase, P < 0.001), age (compared with age ≤62 years, the HR increased to 1.57 for 63–68 years, 1.46 for 69–74 years, and 1.51 for 75–81 years, and fell to 0.44 for ≥82 years; P < 0.05 for all), better health (HR 1.14 per 10‐unit increase in Short Form 36 general health survey score, P < 0.001), and willingness to consider TJA (HR 4.92, P < 0.001). When willingness was excluded from the model, education level, but not sex or income, became a significant predictor of TJA receipt.ConclusionWillingness to consider TJA was the strongest predictor of the time to first TJA. Given that previous research indicates that willingness is largely explained by perceptions of the indications for and risks associated with TJA and not disease severity, this finding supports the need for population education about arthritis treatments, including TJA.
The –786C/T single‐nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter of the gene for endothelial nitric oxide synthase: Insensitivity to physiologic stimuli as a risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis
Authors: Melchers Inga , Blaschke Sabine , Hecker Markus , Cattaruzza Marco 
Published: September 2006

AbstractObjectiveShear stress is the main physiologic stimulus for the expression of NOS3, the gene for human endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Interestingly, a promoter variant of the NOS3 gene, the –786C variant, is insensitive to shear stress, and individuals homozygous for this single‐nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) have an increased risk of developing coronary artery disease. The cytokine interleukin‐10 (IL‐10) is also capable of up‐regulating endothelial NOS3 expression through binding of the transcription factor STAT‐3 to a nearby promoter sequence. The aim of this study was to explore the possibility that the –786C variant of the NOS3 gene is also insensitive to IL‐10 and that individuals with the –786C/C genotype are more prone to developing rheumatoid arthritis (RA).MethodsEndothelial cells were isolated from human umbilical cord veins, clonally expanded, and analyzed for NOS3 and IL‐12 expression by real‐time quantitative reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Umbilical cord arteries and blood samples from RA patients were genotyped for the –786C/T SNP of the NOS3gene.ResultsIn contrast to cells of other genotypes, endothelial cells of the –786C/C genotype did not reveal an increase in NOS3 expression upon exposure to IL‐10, and the cytokine failed to suppress IL‐12 expression upon stimulation of CD40. Preincubation of these cells with a 16‐mer C‐type decoy oligonucleotide fully reconstituted the defective IL‐10–induced suppression of IL‐12 synthesis. The frequency of the –786C/C genotype was significantly higher in the 596 RA patients than in the general population (19.1% versus 12.1%; P < 0.0001).ConclusionIndividuals with the –786C/C genotype have an increased risk of developing RA. This may be explained by the IL‐10 insensitivity of the C‐type NOS3 gene promoter and the resulting failure to subdue CD40‐mediated proinflammatory gene expression.
Low blood concentration of hydroxychloroquine is a marker for and predictor of disease exacerbations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Authors: Costedoat‐Chalumeau Nathalie , Amoura Zahir , Hulot Jean‐Sébastien , Hammoud Hala Abou , Aymard Guy , Cacoub Patrice , Francès Camille , Wechsler Bertrand , Huong Du Le Thi , Ghillani Pascale , Musset Lucile , Lechat Philippe , Piette Jean‐Charles 
Published: September 2006

AbstractObjectiveTo study the possible relationship between whole‐blood hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) concentrations and clinical efficacy of HCQ in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsWhole‐blood HCQ concentrations were measured, under blinded conditions, in 143 unselected patients with SLE who had been receiving HCQ 400 mg daily for at least 6 months. The relationship of these concentrations to current disease activity and to subsequent exacerbations during 6 months of followup was investigated.ResultsAt baseline, 23 patients had active disease (mean ± SD SLE Disease Activity Index 12.4 ± 7.5). The mean whole‐blood HCQ concentration in this group was significantly lower than that in the 120 patients with inactive disease (694 ± 448 ng/ml versus 1,079 ± 526 ng/ml; P = 0.001). Among the 120 patients who had inactive disease at baseline, the mean HCQ concentration at baseline in the 14 (12%) who had disease exacerbations during followup was significantly lower than that in the patients whose disease remained inactive. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the HCQ concentration was the only predictor of exacerbation (odds ratio 0.4 [95% confidence interval 0.18–0.85], P = 0.01). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that a whole‐blood HCQ concentration cutoff of 1,000 ng/ml had a negative predictive value of 96% for exacerbation during followup.ConclusionLow whole‐blood HCQ concentrations are associated with SLE disease activity and are a strong predictor of disease exacerbation. Regular drug assaying and individual tailoring of treatment might help to improve the efficacy of HCQ treatment in patients with SLE.
Oncostatin M induces angiogenesis and cartilage degradation in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue and human cartilage cocultures
Authors: Fearon Ursula , Mullan Ronan , Markham Trevor , Connolly Mary , Sullivan Shane , Poole A. Robin , FitzGerald Oliver , Bresnihan Barry , Veale Douglas J. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractObjectiveTo investigate the role of oncostatin M (OSM) in cell adhesion, angiogenesis, and matrix degradation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissue and normal human cartilage.MethodsHuman dermal microvascular endothelial cell (HDMEC) and RA synovial fibroblast (RASF) proliferation and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‐1) and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM‐1) expression were assessed by a bromodeoxyuridine proliferation assay and flow cytometry. HDMEC tubule formation and migration were assessed by Matrigel culture and migration assay. Production of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP‐1) in RA synovial explants, and proteoglycan/glycosaminoglycan (GAG) release, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and angiopoietin 2 production from RASF/normal cartilage cocultures were assessed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and immunohistology.ResultsHDMEC/RASF proliferation was induced by OSM and interleukin‐1β (IL‐1β), alone and in combination. OSM enhanced cell surface expression of ICAM‐1, but not VCAM‐1, on endothelial cells and RASFs. OSM increased endothelial cell tubule formation and migration. In RA synovial explants, OSM induced production of MMP‐1 and TIMP‐1. When OSM was combined with IL‐1β, however, the MMP‐1:TIMP‐1 ratio was significantly increased. OSM potentiated IL‐1β–induced MMP‐1 and MMP‐13 expression in normal human cartilage/RASF cocultures, resulting in a significant increase in the MMP:TIMP ratio. In OSM/IL‐1β– stimulated cocultures, cartilage sections demonstrated significant proteoglycan depletion that was paralleled by a significant increase in GAG release in supernatants. Finally, compared with either cytokine alone, the combination of OSM and IL‐1β significantly induced VEGF production in RASF/cartilage cocultures.ConclusionThese data suggest that OSM promotes angiogenesis and endothelial cell migration and potentiates the effects of IL‐1β in promoting extracellular matrix turnover and human cartilage degradation. Furthermore, the induction of VEGF in cocultures supports the hypothesis of a link between angiogenesis and cartilage degradation.
Revised British Isles Lupus Assessment Group 2004 index: A reliable tool for assessment of systemic lupus erythematosus activity
Authors: Yee Chee‐Seng , Farewell Vernon , Isenberg David A. , Prabu Athiveeraramapandian , Sokoll Katharina , Teh Lee‐Suan , Rahman Anisur , Bruce Ian N. , Griffiths Bridget , Akil Mohammed , McHugh Neil , D'Cruz David , Khamashta Munther A. , Bowman Simon , Maddison Peter , Zoma Asad , Allen Elizabeth , Gordon Caroline 
Published: September 2006

AbstractObjectiveTo test the interrater reliability of the revised British Isles Lupus Assessment Group 2004 (BILAG‐2004) index for the assessment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) activity.MethodsPatients with SLE were recruited from 11 centers. Two physician raters separately assessed the patients' disease activity using the BILAG‐2004 index in routine clinical practice. Scores ranged from A (for very active disease) to E (for inactivity). Two reliability exercises were performed. Changes were made to the index after the first exercise (E1), and additional training was provided to the raters before the second exercise (E2). E1 and E2 involved 12 and 14 raters, respectively. Interrater reliability was assessed using kappa statistics and intraclass correlation coefficients. Levels of agreement and the extent of major disagreement were also examined. Major disagreement was defined as a score difference between raters of A versus C, D, or E or B versus D or E.ResultsFor each exercise, 97 patients were recruited. In E1, the mean age of the patients was 42.3 years (range 18.5–82.2 years), 89.7% were women, and 74.2% were white, 8.2% were Afro‐Caribbean, and 13.4% were South Asian, and in E2, the mean age was 43.7 years (range 17.7–75 years), 90.7% were women, and 68% were white, 15.5% were Afro‐Caribbean, and 11.3% were South Asian. The mean disease duration was 9.4 years (range 0–32.1 years) for patients in E1 and 10 years (range 0–34.8 years) in E2. There was improvement in the interrater reliability and the level of agreement from E1 to E2. Further improvement was achieved after removal of poorly performing items.ConclusionThe BILAG‐2004 index is a reliable tool to assess SLE activity. The use of a well‐defined glossary and training of raters are essential to ensure the optimal performance of the index.
Matrix metalloproteinase 10 promotion of collagenolysis via procollagenase activation: Implications for cartilage degradation in arthritis
Authors: Barksby H. E. , Milner J. M. , Patterson A. M. , Peake N. J. , Hui W. , Robson T. , Lakey R. , Middleton J. , Cawston T. E. , Richards C. D. , Rowan A. D. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractObjectiveWe have previously reported the up‐regulation of matrix metalloproteinase 10 (MMP‐10) following treatment with the procatabolic stimulus of interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) and oncostatin M (OSM) in chondrocytes. Although MMP‐10 is closely related to MMP‐3, little is known about the role of MMP‐10 in cartilage catabolism. The purpose of this study was to determine whether MMP‐10 is expressed in connective tissue cells and to assess how it may contribute to cartilage collagenolysis.MethodsMMP gene expression was assessed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction using RNA from human articular chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts stimulated with IL‐1 plus OSM or tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) plus OSM. Synovial fluid levels of MMP‐10 were determined by specific immunoassay. Recombinant procollagenases were used in activation studies. Immunohistochemistry assessed MMP‐10 expression in diseased joint tissues.ResultsMMP‐10 expression was confirmed in both chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts following stimulation with either IL‐1 plus OSM or TNFα plus OSM, and MMP‐10 was detected in synovial fluid samples from patients with various arthropathies. Exogenous MMP‐10 significantly enhanced collagenolysis from IL‐1 plus OSM–stimulated cartilage, and MMP‐10 activated proMMP‐1, proMMP‐8, and proMMP‐13. Immunohistochemistry revealed the presence of MMP‐10 in the synovium and cartilage of an IL‐1 plus OSM–induced model of arthritis as well as in samples of diseased human tissues.ConclusionWe confirm that both synovial fibroblasts and articular chondrocytes express MMP‐10 following treatment with procatabolic stimuli. Furthermore, the detectable levels of synovial fluid MMP‐10 and the histologic detection of this proteinase in diseased joint tissues strongly implicate MMP‐10 in the cartilage degradome during arthritis. The ability of MMP‐10 to superactivate procollagenases that are relevant to cartilage degradation suggests that this activation represents an important mechanism by which this MMP contributes to tissue destruction in arthritis.
Design of Dual‐Emission Chemosensors for Ratiometric Detection of ATP Derivatives
Authors: Ojida Akio , Miyahara Yoshifumi , Wongkongkatep Jirarut , Tamaru Shun‐ichi , Sada Kazuki , Hamachi Itaru 
Published: September 2006

AbstractNucleoside pyrophosphate (nucleoside PP) derivatives are widespread in living cells and play pivotal roles in various biological events. We report novel fluorescence chemosensors for nucleoside PPs that make use of coordination chemistry. The chemosensors, which contain two ZnII–dipicolylamine units, bind strongly to nucleoside PPs (Kapp>106 M−1) in aqueous solution and sense them by a dual‐emission change. Detailed fluorescence and UV/Vis spectral studies revealed that the emission changes of the chemosensors upon binding to nucleoside PPs can be ascribed to the loss of coordination between ZnII and the acridine fluorophore. This is a unique sensing system based on the anion‐induced rearrangement of the coordination. Furthermore, we demonstrated the utility of these chemosensors in real‐time monitoring of two important biological processes involving nucleoside PP conversion: the apyrase‐catalyzed hydrolysis of nucleoside PPs and the glycosyl transfer catalyzed by β‐1,4‐galactosyltransferase.
Protein–protein interactions as targets for small molecule drug discovery
Authors: Fry David C. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractProtein–protein interactions represent a highly populated class of targets for drug discovery. However, such systems present a number of unique challenges. This review presents an analysis of individual protein‐protein interaction systems which have recently yielded success in discovering drug‐like inhibitors. The structural characteristics of the protein binding sites and the attributes of the small molecule ligands are focused upon, in an attempt to derive commonly shared principles that may be of general usefulness in future drug discovery efforts within this target class. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers (Pept Sci) 84: 535–552, 2006This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Application of biological activated carbon as a low pH biofilter medium for gas mixture treatment
Authors: Liang Juan , Chiaw Lawrence Koe Choon , Ning Xiaogang 
Published: September 2006

AbstractPacking material is a crucial component of a bioreactor as it is the microbial population's habitat. This study assessed potential improvements to current biofiltration processes by investigating use of a novel support medium. Biological activated carbon (BAC) with microorganisms growing on granular activated carbon can produce a novel medium in which both adsorption and biodegradation contribute to pollutants removal. Investigation of carbon characteristics demonstrated that BAC was an ideal packing medium for biofiltration. The application of the novel packing medium for gas mixture treatment was evaluated in a low pH biofilter. Results demonstrated that BAC biofilter obtained high removal efficiency for both H2S and toluene. The removal mechanisms of BAC were investigated after the biofilter operation and it demonstrated that the performance of the BAC system was mainly controlled by the additive contributions of two removal mechanisms—adsorption and biodegradation. This study also indicated the potential for simultaneous treatment of hydrogen sulfide and toluene at low pH condition. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;96:1092–1100. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Cereal‐based biorefinery development: Integrated enzyme production for cereal flour hydrolysis
Authors: Koutinas A.A. , Arifeen N. , Wang R. , Webb C. 
Published: September 2006

AbstractRestructuring the traditional fermentation industry into viable biorefineries for the production of fuels, chemicals and plastics is essential in order to replace (petro)chemical processing. This work presents engineering aspects of Aspergillus awamori submerged fermentation for on‐site production of an enzymatic consortium that contains glucoamylase, protease and phosphatase. The crude broth filtrate was used for the production of wheat flour hydrolysates. Improvements on traditional starch hydrolysis carried out in two stages (liquefaction and saccharification) were attempted through integration of unit operations and reduction of processing temperature and reaction duration. An initial increase of temperature to 68°C and a subsequent decrease to 60°C for the rest of the enzymatic hydrolysis resulted in a starch to glucose conversion yield of 94 and 92% when a wheat flour concentration and commercial starch concentration of 225 g L−1 was used, respectively. The use of crude broth filtrates resulted in the simultaneous hydrolysis of wheat protein and phytic acid, as was indicated by the increase in free amino nitrogen and phosphorus concentration, respectively. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;97:61–72. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Randomized clinical trial of postoperative hernia prophylaxis in open bariatric surgery
Authors: Strzelczyk J M , Szymański D , Nowicki M E , Wilczyński W , Gaszynski T , Czupryniak L 
Published: September 2006

Abstract

Background
Postoperative hernia following bariatric procedures is more common than in other groups of surgical patients, and remains a serious problem. Gastric bypass is the most often performed bariatric procedure and, despite the increasing popularity of a laparoscopic approach, many morbidly obese patients are still offered open procedures. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of prophylactic polypropylene mesh in morbidly obese patients undergoing gastric by-pass surgery.

Methods
The study randomized 74 patients undergoing open Roux-en-Y gastric bypass into two groups: wound closure with (n = 36) or without (n = 38) a polypropylene mesh. Mean(s.d.) body mass and body mass index in the mesh group were 137·3(24·5) kg and 46·2(7·1) kg/m2 and in the non-mesh group were 139·0(24·9) kg and 46·8(7·6) kg/m2 respectively. In the non-mesh group, the wound was closed with a polypropylene suture. Patients in the mesh group had in addition a polypropylene mesh inserted in a sublay manner.

Results
Patients were followed up for at least 6 (range 6–38) months. Hernia developed in eight patients in the non-mesh group but in none in the mesh group. The duration of hospital stay was similar in both groups: mean(s.d.) 8·4(3·2) and 10·3(5·9) days (P = 0·092). There were no serious complications in either group.

Conclusion
The use of a mesh prevented hernia development and did not lengthen hospital stay.
G Quadruplex‐Based FRET Probes with the Thrombin‐Binding Aptamer (TBA) Sequence Designed for the Efficient Fluorometric Detection of the Potassium Ion
Authors: Nagatoishi Satoru , Nojima Takahiko , Galezowska Elzbieta , Juskowiak Bernard , Takenaka Shigeori 
Published: September 2006

AbstractThe dual‐labeled oligonucleotide derivative, FAT‐0, carrying 6‐ carboxyfluorescein (FAM) and 6‐carboxytetramethylrhodamine (TAMRA) labels at the 5′ and 3′ termini of the thrombin‐binding aptamer (TBA) sequence 5′‐GGT TGG TGT GGT TGG‐3′, and its derivatives, FAT‐n (n=3, 5, and 7) with a spacer at the 5′‐end of a TBA sequence of TmA (m=2, 4, and 6) have been designed and synthesized. These fluorescent probes were developed for monitoring K+ concentrations in living organisms. Circular dichroism, UV‐visible absorption, and fluorescence studies revealed that all FAT‐n probes could form intramolecular tetraplex structures after binding K+. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer and quenching results are discussed taking into account dye–dye contact interactions. The relationship between the fluorescence behavior of the probes and the spacer length in FAT‐n was studied in detail and is discussed.