bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Application Basis of International Trade Law Rules Before National Judiciary: A Jordanian Legal Perspective
Authors: Rayyan Ihab Fahmi , Hazeem Mohammad Shaher Abu , Alamawi Mohammad Ali 
Published: April 2024

Purpose: This study aims to show the basis of the judge's application of the rules of international trade law in disputes submitted before it related to an international contract.

Methods: The research used general and special methods: dialectical method, methods of analysis and synthesis, and comparative-legal method.

Results and discussion: The results showed that national judges you must apply the rules of international trade law directly, even if they do not constitute part of their legal system. This is to promote international trade, and we based this on the principle of the superiority of international rules; It was noted that that approach was in keeping with the modern trend in commercial law conventions, which promoted their application as early as possible to those States which sought to apply such rules to their Disputes.

Implications of the research: That the predominant legal view is the direct application of the rules of international trade law, However, we cannot neglect the conflict of laws approach; so that considered a supplementary approach; on the other hand that choosing international trade law as the law to be applied to the contract by the parties’ autonomy is a material choice and not a conflict-of-laws choice. Therefore, it is treated as a matter of fact.

Originality/value: The value of this paper is shown in the statement of the extent to which the national judge application of international trade law rules automatically to a dispute before him relating to international trade, that mean without reliance on conflict-of-laws rules.
Low-Speed Space Launch System Computational Fluid Dynamics: A Comprehensive Overview
Authors: Pomeroy Brent , Krist Steven , Wignall Thomas , Lee Michael , Deere Karen , Ghaffari Farhad 
Published: April 2024

In this review paper, low-speed computational work from NASA Langley Research Center in support of the Space Launch System (SLS) is discussed. This information includes both historical and present efforts with the Kestrel computational fluid dynamics solver. The low-speed aerodynamics of SLS is highly complex, and the analysis of the unsteady flowfield requires significant computational efforts. The SLS mission profile varies from the vehicle static on the launch pad through high-speed ascent. This study focuses on the prelaunch as well as liftoff and transition portions of the flight both in proximity to the launch tower and in isolation. High-alpha conditions, as large as 90 deg, result in a flowfield dominated by massive, large-scale flow separation and asymmetric vortices. High-fidelity solutions require an unsteady computational formulation to accurately capture the aerodynamics of the vehicle. A detailed discussion of the computational approach is presented, followed by key efforts to support the program, both historic and present, including information that has been either published previously or that has never before been published external to NASA.
Prognostic and morphological factors in pediatric cerebellar contusions
Authors: Morgan Ryan D. , Kharbat Abdurrahman F. , Youssi Brandon W. , Garza John , Nagy Laszlo 
Published: April 2024

Background:
Although uncommon, cerebellar contusions are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Literature is lacking in the prognostic and morphological factors relating to their clinical picture and outcomes, especially within children. The objective of this study is to evaluate prognostic and anatomic factors in the clinical picture of cerebellar contusions, including effacement of the 4th ventricle and cisterna magna.

Methods:
This is a retrospective chart review over 11 years across two medical centers. Patients included were under 18 years who presented with a cerebellar contusion. Patients were stratified within the study group based on discharge Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) and reviewed for prognostic factors contributing to outcome. Mid sagittal area of the 4th ventricle and cisterna magna were measured using magnetic resonance imaging and compared within the groups.

Results:
A total of 21 patients met the study criteria, of which 16 (76.2%) were male, with an average patient age of 8.65 years. Poor outcome at discharge (GOS <4) was associated with decreased admission Glasgow coma scale (P = 0.003), admission motor response (P = 0.006), pupil reactivity (P = 0.014), presence of concomitant subarachnoid hemorrhage (P = 0.010), contusion volume (P < 0.001), and decreased area of the cisterna magna (P = 0.012). Patients with poor outcomes were also more likely to require surgical intervention (P = 0.042).

Conclusion:
There are multiple prognostic factors associated with the overall outcome following cerebellar contusions. The rate of good outcomes in this study was superior to that in previous studies in adults.
Methodology for assessing compliance with fatf recommendations and the effectiveness of financial monitoring systems
Authors: Hrytsyshen D. , Hrabchuk I. , Boshian A. 
Published: April 2024

Rules combating money laundering and terrorism financing play a crucial role in establishing trust in the reliability and stability of the financial system, simultaneously acting as a protective mechanism against the infiltration of illicit elements. This dual function enhances the stability and reliability of the financial system, which is a crucially important element for fostering economic development and financial markets.
The purpose of the article is a thorough analysis of the existing legal and institutional framework, as well as regulatory practices in the field of financial monitoring to determine their compliance with FATF regulations and identify opportunities for optimization and improvement.
The research of evaluation of the effectiveness of financial monitoring systems was carried out on the examples of countries selected from different geographical regions and with different levels of development, including several countries in Africa, North and South America, Europe and Asia. Additionally, based on published consolidated assessment ratings of countries that underwent the latest round of FATF methodology assessments, we will identify those countries that received the highest ratings across 11 criteria: the United States and the United Kingdom (in 4 criteria), Israel and France (in 3 criteria).
To incorporate the experience of foreign countries into Ukraine, the assessment of the effectiveness of the financial monitoring system is conducted by comparing it with both superior and inferior foreign practices, as well as with countries facing similar military-political situations. A profile of the effectiveness of systems countering money laundering and financing terrorism is constructed for various countries, including the United Kingdom, the United States, China, Georgia, Moldova, Pakistan, Poland, and Ukraine, following the FATF methodology.
It has been determined that, for many foreign systems combating money laundering and terrorism financing, risks associated with the use of cash remain relevant. Additionally, inadequacies in combating terrorism financing have been identified, except for the United States and the United Kingdom. Reserves for increasing the effectiveness of national systems and systems combating the legalization of proceeds obtained through criminal means or terrorism financing have been identified.
Associations between Prematurity, Low Birth Weight, and Residence on the Risk of Newborn Death: A Meta Analysis
Authors: Saputri Chelsy Sumardi , Rizki Ayun Widya , Flora Viola Holly , Murti Bhisma , Wulandari Ayu Novita 
Published: April 2024

Background: Newborn mortality is a global issue that requires serious attention from the world of public health. This study aims to analyze the influence of place of residence, premature birth and low birth weight on the incidence of newborn deaths.
Subjects and Method: This research is a meta-analysis research using the PRISMA diagram and PICO format. Population: Newborns died. Intervention: Village residence, premature birth, low birth weight. Comparison: City residence, normal birth, normal birth weight. Outcome: Newborn death. Articles were searched using online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Science Direct. Search for articles using the keywords: "Neonates Mortality" AND "Residence" AND "Gestational age" OR "Premature" AND "Low birth weight". Using articles published in 2013-2023. Data analysis using RevMan 5.4.
Results: Meta-analysis was carried out using 15 articles with cross-sectional studies from African countries and Ethiopia with a total sample of 17,116 samples. The risk of newborn death increased in newborns living in a village (aOR= 4.17; 95% CI= 2.30 to 7.58; p<0.001), premature birth (aOR= 5.17; 95% CI= 2.87 to 9.33; p< 0.001), and low birth weight (aOR= 2.50; 95% CI= 1.63 to 3.85; p<0.001).
Conclusion: Rural residence, premature birth, and low birth weight increase the risk of newborn death.
Keywords: rural residence, prematurity, low birth weight, newborn death.
Correspondence: Chelsy Sumardi Saputri. Master's Program in Health Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, 57126, Central Java. Email: chelsysumar­disaputri@gmail.com. Telepon: +6285819861946
Indonesian language training, fo Implementation of the Use of Indonesian Language for Foreign Workers at PT Sai Apparel Industries, Semarang
Authors: Riana Rati 
Published: April 2024

This study is a qualitative research with descriptive analysis to describe the implementation of the use of Indonesian language for foreign workers at PT Sai Apparel Industries, Semarang. Data was obtained from documents on the implementation of Indonesian language education and training. The research analysis covers the appointment of Indonesian workers as accompanying workers, the implementation of education and training for Indonesian workers in accordance with the qualifications of the positions occupied by foreign workers, and Indonesian language education and training facilities for foreign workers. The results of questionnaires and interviews with management were also analyzed. The results show that at the beginning of its operation in 1998, the management appointed Indonesian workers as assistants to foreign workers, implemented Indonesian language education and training for Indonesian workers in accordance with their qualifications and positions, and facilitated Indonesian language education and training for foreign workers. This is so that foreign workers can transfer knowledge or transfer of know how. Furthermore, the management no longer provides formal Indonesian language education and training. For the practice of using Indonesian, foreign workers learn through google translite, learn from office mates and also practice independently when shopping using Indonesian. Assistants from office staff only observe, monitor, and correct if there are mistakes. Learning by doing, learning by hearing is more effective
Implementation of asynchronous mode in a linear periodic system with the nontrivial lower left block of averaging of the coefficient matrix
Authors: Demenchuk A. К. 
Published: April 2024

A linear control system with a periodic matrix of coefficients and program control is considered. The matrix under control is constant, rectangular (the number of columns does not exceed the number of rows) and its rank is not maximum, i. e. less than the number of columns. It is assumed that the control is periodic, and the module of its frequencies, i. e. the smallest additive group of real numbers, including all Fourier exponents of this control, is contained in the frequency module of the coefficient matrix. The following task is posed: to construct such a control from an admissible set that switches the system to asynchronous mode, i. e. the system must have periodic solutions such that the intersection of the frequency moduli of the solution and the coefficient matrix is trivial. The problem posed is called the problem of synthesis of asynchronous mode. The solution to the formulated problem significantly depends on the structure of the average value of the coefficient matrix. In particular, its solution is known for systems with zero average. In addition, solvability conditions were obtained in the case when the matrix under control has zero rows, the averaging of the coefficient matrix is reduced to the form with upper left diagonal block and with zero remaining blocks. In this paper we consider a more general case with a nontrivial left lower block. Assuming an incomplete column rank of the matrix function composed from the rows of oscillation path of the coefficient matrix, we construct the control explicitly. This control switches the system to asynchronous mode.
Pemeriksaan kesehatan gigi dalam menentukan kebutuhan tindakan di TK ABA Kota Semarang
Authors: Kusniati Retno , Arti Dwi , Harniati Etny 
Published: April 2024

Kesehatan gigi perlu diperhatikan oleh masyarakat, namun masih banyak yang belum menyadari. Disisi lain anak-anak merupakan usia rentan terhadap penyakit gigi karena masih memerlukan bantuan dari orang tua untuk menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Kesehatan gigi anak harus diperhatikan, karena keadaan gigi sebelumnya akan berpengaruh terhadap perkembangan kesehatan gigi selanjutnya. Metode, kegiatan skrining kesehatan gigi diikuti oleh 83 orang anak yang diperiksa langsung oleh dokter gigi didampingi oleh tim pengabdi. Data yang dicatat adalah usia, jenis kelamin dan kebutuhan perawatan. Hasil, anak-anak dalam kegiatan ini mayoritas berusia 5 tahun (46%) dan berjenis kelamin perempuan (58%). Urutan tiga besar kebutuhan perawatan anak-anak di TK ABA Kota Semarang yaitu tumpatan gigi (57%), Perawatan Topikal Aplikasi Fluoride (22%) dan ekstraksi infiltrasi (19%). Kesimpulan, orang tua mengetahui kondisi kesehatan gigi dan mulut anaknya, diharapkan setelah itu dapat melakukan perawatan preventif sebelum terjadi permasalahan lebih lanjut.
Resíduo oriundo da indústria de beneficiamento de <i>Cocos nucifera</i> aplicado para produção de floculante natural
Authors: Lucas Kayo , Paula Evanyn Pessoa do Nascimento  , Denys Santos de Souza  , Luana da Silva Taveira  , Heitor Bruno Barbosa de Azevedo  , Tatiane Kelly Barbosa de Azevedo  
Published: April 2024

Nas últimas décadas, a poluição dos mananciais de abastecimento piorou devido à ação humana, exigindo medidas tecnológicas para tratar a água. Os taninos são uma opção ecológica e econômica no tratamento de águas residuais. O objetivo deste estudo foi utilizar resíduos da indústria de Cocos nucifera para produzir um floculante natural de tanino. Foram coletados 5 kg de resíduos da empresa Sabor de Coco, localizada no município de Parnamirim, que processa cocos para fins alimentícios. Os taninos foram extraídos por meio do método de banho-maria e cationizados com a reação de Mannich. Os ensaios de coagulação ocorreram com concentração de 200 mg/L, agitando rapidamente (130 rpm por 2 min) e lentamente (30 rpm por 60 min), monitorando pH e turbidez. Os testes com cloreto de ferro seguiram o mesmo procedimento para fins de comparação. O floculante natural à base de tanino oriundo da indústria de beneficiamento de Cocos nucifera obteve eficiência no tratamento de água, reduzindo a turbidez para 88,33 (UTN), sem fazer grandes alterações no pH da água em comparação com o cloreto de ferro. Embora tenha atendido à Resolução 357/05 do CONAMA, são necessários estudos adicionais para aprimorar a remoção de turbidez e ampliar os possíveis usos.
COMPONENTES ESTRUTURAIS DE CULTIVARES DO CAPIM BUFFEL SUBMETIDOS À ADUBAÇÃO NITROGENADA
Authors: Porto Edson Marcos Viana 
Published: April 2024

O estudo do comportamento de espécies utilizadas no seminário sob a influência de técnicas que podem proporcionar sustentabilidade ao ecossistema pastagem é importante para elucidação dos problemas comumente observados na atividade pastoril. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os componentes estruturais de cultivares de Cenchrus ciliaris submetidos à adubação nitrogenada. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados em arranjo fatorial 2 x 3 x 4 (duas épocas - verão e outono; três cultivares de C. ciliaris - Grass, PI 295658 e Áridus e quatro doses de nitrogênio - 0, 75, 150 e 225 kg ha-1), com três repetições. As características estruturais foram mensuradas duas vezes por semana utilizando-se régua milimetrada, durante todo período experimental, em três perfilhos marcados aleatoriamente por unidade experimental, totalizando 144 perfilhos. A relação lâmina:pseudocolmo decresceu com a adubação nitrogenada dos cultivares de Cenchrus ciliaris na época do verão e outono. O cultivar Grass apresenta maior relação lâmina:pseudocolmo que os demais cultivares. O cultivar PI 295658 apresenta maior NFV e acúmulo de pseudocolmo que os demais cultivares.
Análise de diferentes dosagens de solução nutritiva no cultivo de mudas de alface americana (Lactuca sativa L.)
Authors: OLIVEIRA LISSIA LETICIA 
Published: April 2024

Originária da Ásia e trazida pelos portugueses no século XVI, a alface (Lactuca sativa L.) é a mais popular das hortaliças folhosas e é cultivada em quase todas as regiões do globo terrestre. A alface é considerada a hortaliça folhosa mais importante na alimentação dos brasileiros, o que assegura à cultura expressiva e importância econômica. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar diferentes dosagens de solução nutritiva no desenvolvimento de mudas de alface americana. O ensaio foi conduzido através do delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC) com 6 tratamentos e 4 repetições, sendo cada repetição representada por 10 plântulas. Os tratamentos foram: T1- testemunha, T2- 25% de solução padrão, T3- 50% de solução padrão, T4- 75% de solução padrão, T5- 100% solução padrão T6- 125% solução padrão. Foram analisadas as quantidades de folhas, comprimento radicular, massa seca das folhas e massa seca das raízes. De acordo com os resultados obtidos pode-se verificar que o tratamento (T6) com maior quantidade de solução nutritiva apresentou maior eficiência em relação aos demais.
Desenvolvimento de mudas de flamboyant e ipê-mirim em resposta a diferentes doses de Osmocote®
Authors: Massad Marília Dutra , Dutra Tiago Reis , Silva Carlos Henrique Soares , Santos Tiago Barbosa , Sarmento Mateus Felipe Quintino 
Published: April 2024

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o crescimento e a qualidade de mudas de flamboyant e ipê-mirim em resposta à aplicação de diferentes doses de adubo de liberação lenta, Osmocote®. O delineamento experimental adotado foi em blocos casualizados, com três repetições, no esquema fatorial 2 x 5, sendo estudadas as espécies flamboyant e ipê-mirim, e o efeito das dosagens 0; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5 e 10,0 g dm-3 do Osmocote® MiniPrill Controlled Realise 19-06-10, com liberação de 3 a 4 meses. Cada unidade experimental foi constituída por 12 mudas. Foram avaliados aos 45, 90 e 120 dias a altura (H; cm) e o diâmetro do coleto (DC; mm) das mudas, e ao final dos 120 dias, avaliou-se a matéria seca da parte aérea (MSPA; g planta-1), matéria seca da raiz (MSR; g planta-1), matéria seca total (MST = MSPA + MSR; g planta-1), as relações H/DC, H/MSPA, MSPA/MSR e o Índice de Qualidade de Dickson (IQD). As mudas de flamboyant e ipê mirim reponderam de forma significativa à adição de doses de adubo de liberação lenta, Osmocote®, sendo que para a maioria das variáveis avaliadas, foi possível encontrar a dose adequada, que proporcionou um melhor desempenho para as mudas. O flamboyant apresentou melhor desenvolvimento que o ipê-mirim.
Emissão de opacidade em máquinas de colheita e em veículos de transporte de madeira
Authors: Carmo Flávio Cipriano de Assis do , Fiedler Nilton Cesar , Gonçalves Saulo Boldrini , Pinheiro Christiano Jorge Gomes , Estanhe Danilo da Silva , Noé Fernando Lins 
Published: April 2024

Com o surgimento dos projetos de Mecanismo de Desenvolvimento Limpo, várias empresas do setor florestal estão sendo estimuladas a desenvolverem projetos com técnicas de produção que reduzam as emissões dos gases de efeito estufa, visando um aumento de renda, por meio da comercialização de créditos de carbono e por consequência uma maior viabilidade do empreendimento florestal. Assim objetiva-se com esta pesquisa quantificar a concentração de opacidade que são emitidos durante o funcionamento das máquinas de colheita e transporte florestal e verificar se estão de acordo com a legislação vigente sobre inspeção veicular ambiental – CONAMA 418/09. A pesquisa foi realizada nos municípios de Alegre, Jerônimo Monteiro e Venda Nova do Imigrante, ambos localizados no sul do Estado do Espírito Santo, no período de janeiro a março de 2016. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, verificou-se que do total das máquinas analisadas 10% (uma máquina) encontrou-se fora dos limites permitidos pela legislação vigente. Dessa forma, recomenda-se que a máquina que obtive resultado superior ao aceitável pela resolução CONAMA 16/96 devem passar por um processo de manutenção corretiva a fim de verificar, corrigir e reduzir a emissão de material particulado.
Recolhimento de embalagens vazias de agrotóxicos no Rio Grande do Norte de 2006 a 2014
Authors: Sousa Angela Saionara Pereira , Sales Junior Rui , Negreiros Andreia Mitsa Paiva , Oliveira Teliane Sousa 
Published: April 2024

Os agrotóxicos são substâncias utilizadas para o controle de agentes biológicos não desejáveis a produção agrícola, e o descarte inadequado de suas embalagens podem contaminar o meio ambiente e ainda colocar em risco a saúde pública. Sendo assim, este trabalho tem por objetivo quantificar o volume de tipos de embalagens que foram processadas e encaminhadas para incineração e reciclagem pela Central de Recebimento de Embalagens Vazias de Agrotóxicos de Mossoró – RN nos anos de 2006 a 2014. Neste período deram entrada na central um total de 488.76 t de embalagens vazias de agrotóxicos e até o final de 2014, 450.53 t desse material foram processados e transportados para recicladoras ou incineradoras, totalizando aproximadamente 92% das embalagens recebidas pela Central. As embalagens de Polietileno de Alta Densidade e papelão foram as que representaram o maior percentual de processamento e retirada da Central 40,36 e 28,10%, respectivamente. Em contrapartida, os menores valores percentuais de retirada foram para o aço e as tampas das embalagens 2,16 e 4,03%, respectivamente. As embalagens contaminadas ou não laváveis representaram 11,44% do valor total processado.