bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hepatites virais de potencial cronicidade
Authors: Meneses Anna Júlia , Carneiro Bottaro de Morais Ana Júlia , Almeida Batista Laura Luiza , Figueiredo Oliveira Camille , Silva Andrade Júlia Vitória , Lima Trugilho Elisa , Silva Martins Aline Aparecida 
Published: April 2024

As hepatites representam doenças de grande relevância clínica, causando comprometimento das funções hepáticas, além de acometer muitas populações ao redor de todo o globo. Segundo a Organização Mundial da Saúde, cerca de 354 milhões de pessoas ao redor do mundo vivem com hepatite B ou C, sem acesso a testes ou tratamento. Além disso, os subtipos B e C são responsáveis por 80% das mortes por hepatite. O objetivo do presente artigo foi realizar uma revisão bibliográfica a respeito das hepatites de potencial cronicidade (B, C e D), bem como suas formas de transmissão, diagnóstico laboratorial e tratamentos. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica científica baseada em artigos publicados nas bases eletrônicas Pubmed, Scielo, New England Journal of Medicine, Repositório Institucional Unesp, Google acadêmico, Sage Journals e Brazilian Journal of Development. Foram considerados artigos publicados entre 2008 e 2023. Como critério de inclusão foram selecionados artigos originais, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Ademais, foram excluídos artigos de trabalho de conclusão de curso e que antecederam o tempo estipulado. Foram incluídos 23 artigos, os quais discute-se principalmente as hepatites, além formas de transmissão, diagnóstico laboratorial e tratamentos. De forma geral, as hepatites são transmitidas por meio de sangue e agulhas infectados, transmissão vertical e contato sexual com parceiro infectado, sendo que para infectar-se com o vírus da hepatite D é necessária infecção concomitante ao vírus da hepatite B. Dessa forma, para diagnóstico laboratorial considera-se uma análise integrada dos marcadores hepáticos inespecíficos, relacionados à saúde do fígado, os testes sorológicos para identificação de antígenos e anticorpos específicos, bem como testes moleculares. O tratamento depende do tipo viral, além do estágio de evolução da doença. De forma geral, são utilizados medicamentos para interferir na replicação viral, buscando evitar o desenvolvimento de formas graves da hepatite. É essencial o diagnóstico laboratorial preciso para o tratamento precoce e eficaz da doença, com o intuito de prevenir o desenvolvimento de sua forma crônica.
CUIDADOS PREVENTIVOS DA DIABETES MELLITUS NA ATENÇÃO PRIMÁRIA À SAÚDE
Authors: Torres Luciano de Sá Silva , Silva Lívia dos Santos , Silva Lucas Aurélio da , Moraes Gabriel Morellandy Alves de , Silva Laura Manuella Lopes e , Silva Manoel Fellipe Lopes e , Mundim Bruna Beatriz Borba , Damasceno Gabrielle Pereira , Netto José Guimarães , Andrade Jaqueline Nogueira , Silva Jonatas de Oliveira , Júnior João Batista Gomes Mariano , Souza Laiane Angélica Costa , Bezerra Lucas Henrique Bastos , Silva Iolanda Lima dos Santos , Silva Pablo Emanoel Damasceno Alves da , Silva Uilliane Vívia Lopes da , Bezerra Larissa Cristina Bastos 
Published: April 2024

Descrever por meio das evidências cientificas acerca dos cuidados preventivos da diabetes mellitus na atenção primária à saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura de caráter qualitativo. A busca dos trabalhos envolvidos na pesquisa foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: SCIELO, LILACS, BDENF e MEDLINE, a partir dos descritores em ciências da saúde: “Atenção primária à saúde”, “Diabetes mellitus” e “Prevenção”. Os critérios de inclusão foram: publicados no período entre 2014 e 2024, cujo acesso ao periódico era livre aos textos completos, artigos em idioma português, inglês e espanhol e relacionados a temática. Critérios de exclusão foram: artigos duplicados, incompletos, resumos, resenhas, debates, artigos publicados em anais de eventos e indisponíveis na íntegra. Resultados: Na APS são realizadas intervenções com enfoque individual e coletivo com o objetivo de atender as demandas mais comuns da comunidade, dentre elas está a DM sendo uma patologia de causas múltiplas e que requerem uma atenção integral e uma abordagem educacional. Conclusão: Conclui-se que é de grande importância que a APS seja capaz de detectar os fatores de risco da população para o desenvolvimento da diabetes, sendo assim capaz de planejar ações educativas para prevenir a doença.
Molecular characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer tissue based on quantitative indicators of progesterone receptors expression
Authors: Romanov I. P. , Bogush T. A. , Scherbakov A. M. , Alimov A. A. , Bogush E. A. , Ravcheeva A.  B. , Lee A. , Kosorukov V. S. 
Published: April 2024

Background. Progesterone receptors (PR) are regulators of cell proliferation and therefore can be considered as an aim for targeted medications in the treatment of oncological diseases. At the same time, a quantitative assessment of PR expression in the tissue of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which has not yet been carried out in other studies, will determine the possibility of using PR modulators for the treatment of this disease and identify the potential category of patients most susceptible to these drugs.Purpose. To characterize NSCLC by quantitative indicators of PR expression and to determine the correlation of clinically significant characteristics of patients and clinical and morphological parameters of a NSCLC tumor with the PR expression to assess the possibility of using PR modulators in the treatment of this disease.Methods. The PR expression in 130 surgical samples of NSCLC was quantified using an immunofluorescence method associated with flow cytometry. Primary antibodies to PR (NBP2-46388) and secondary antibodies conjugated with DyLight650 (ab98729) were used.Results. The expression of progesterone receptors was detected in all the studied tumors; an abnormal distribution of the marker expression level was noted (P=0.01). The mean expression level was 55.3±16.2%, and the median was 57% with a range of 70%, which indicates heterogeneity of PR expression in tumors of different patients. There were no statistically significant differences in the level of PR expression depending on the histotype and stage of NSCLC, as well as on the sex of patients. At the same time, the level of expression and the frequency of overexpression of PR (>67%) in tumors in non-smoking patients are higher than in smokers (P⩽0.02).Conclusion. The high frequency of occurrence and level of PR expression in NSCLC indicate the possible effectiveness of the use of their modulators in the treatment of this disease, especially in non-smoking patients.
Nurses’ Knowledge of Hypertension in Sudan Heart Center, Khartoum (2021): A Cross-Sectional Study
Authors: Saddam Ahmed Al-Ahdal  , Mokhtar Abdu almoliky  , Abdulnasser Ahmed Mohammed Hazaa  , Marzoq Ali Odhah  , Fatima S. O. Ashmieg  
Published: April 2024

Background: Hypertension is a prevalent chronic health issue associated with significant health hazards, ranking as a major contributor to mortality in both developed and developing nations.Aim of the Study: To study Nurses’ Knowledge of Hypertension in Sudan Heart Center, Khartoum, 2021.Method: A hospital-based study with a descriptive cross-sectional design was carried out at Sudan Heart Center between January and May 2021. It involved 40 nurses; the information was gathered through the administration of a structured questionnaire. The data was processed using the SPSS program version (23).Results: The socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents indicated that 60.0% were between 20-25 years old, 35.0% were between 26-30 years old, 5.0% were over 30 years old, while the information indicated that 70.0% were female and 30.0% were male, out of the participants, 90.0% had obtained a bachelor’s degree, while 10.0% had achieved a master’s degree in terms of their educational level, 45.0% had less than one-year’ experience, 10.0% had more than 5 years’ experience, the total knowledge of hypertension is 45.0% of the respondents have poor knowledge, 37.0% of them have fair knowledge, and(17.0%) have good knowledge.Conclusions: The study reflect clear outlook about nurse’s knowledge regarding hypertension the overall nurses examine by questionnaire the result show good level of knowledge(17.5%), poor level of knowledge(45.0%), and fair knowledge is(37.5%).
Nursing Faculty’s Perceived Value of Certified Nurse Educator (CNE®)/ Certified Nurse Educator Novice (CNE®n) Credentialing
Authors: Cassandra M. Godzik  , C. Andrew Martin  , Nicole C. Walters  
Published: April 2024

Aim This study sought to measure nursing faculty’s perceptions regarding the value of obtaining the CNE®/ CNE®n specialty certification. There is limited research surrounding efforts to improve perceived extrinsic and intrinsic values of certification and even less documentation on identifying a link between student learning outcomes and instruction by CNE®/CNE®n faculty.Methods Participants were recruited from a private college located in X, where only 16% of the 58 full and part- time academic nurse educators possess the Certified Nurse Educator® (CNE®)/Certified Nurse Educator® Novice (CNE®n) specialty certification. An online PVCT-12 survey was conducted pre- and post-CNE preparatory course to investigate changes in extrinsic and intrinsic perceived values of obtaining certification. Participants were also surveyed post-prep course to determine intent and timeframe for testing.Results: The study increased the number of full and part time academic nurse faculty with the CNE®/ CNE®n certification from 16% to 24%. There was also an increase in the perceived value of the certification, more notably in the extrinsic value category.Conclusion: Understanding these perceptions and motivators for certification can guide institutions in supporting faculty to increase their credentialed nurse educators. This study should be repeated with a larger population of nursing faculty across multiple academic institutions to produce more generalizable results. Future research should focus on identifying a link between improved student learning outcomes and instruction by CNE®/CNE®n faculty to further increase the extrinsic value of certification.
Vitamin D and Geriatric Assessment: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Cohort of Centenarians in the Central Region of Russian Federation
Authors: Machekhina L. V. , Balashova A. V. , Tkacheva O. N. , Mamchur A. A. , Erema V. V. , Ivanov M. V. , Kashtanova D. A. , Shelley E. M. , Eruslanova K. A. , Ilyushchenko A. K. , Rumyantseva A. M. , Yudin V. S. , Makarov V. V. , Keskinov A. A. , Yudin S. M. , Strazhesko I. D. 
Published: April 2024

Background. The trend towards aging of the population is global, which makes the study of etiology, prevention and treatment of age-related disorders relevant. Increasing number of studies highlights the influence of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency on health state in older people, as well as its correlation with geriatric syndromes prevalence. However, at the moment it is not known whether these patterns persist in patients older than 90 due to the limited number of studies on this population.Aim. To assess the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in a cohort of centenarians in the central region of Russian Federation and to study its relationship with the presence of geriatric syndromes.Materials and methods. The study was carried out by Russian Gerontology Research and Clinical Centre of Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University and Center for Strategic Planning and Management of Medical and Biological Health Risks. It was a cross-sectional study on the cohort of centenarians (90 years and older). Complex geriatric assessment was performed. Complex geriatric assessment included past medical history, geriatric scales and questionnaires (MMSE, SARC-F, MNA scores). Blood samples were taken to assess the 25-OH vitamin D levels using chemiluminescence method. The study is reviewed by the ethics committee (№ 30 24.12.2019). The statistical analysis was performed using Python version 3.9 and R version 4.1.3.Results. The study included 3,235 people aged 90 to 107 years. Median level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was 9 ng/ml, 86.7% of participants were found to be 25(OH)D deficient, and in 8.3% insufficiency 25(OH)D was detected. Using the intergroup analysis, the association between 25-OH vitamin D levels and some geriatric syndromes, such as malnutrition, sarcopenia and cognitive impairment was observed. However, after adjusting to physical activity and nutrition statistically significant association was demonstrated only for cognitive impairment.Conclusion. The results obtained on the association between low levels of 25-OH vitamin D and cognitive impairment among centenarians confirm the importance of vitamin D deficiency prevention and might be starting point for future studies.
Risk factors and adverse outcomes of hypoglycemia in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (review)
Authors: Bulgakova S. V. , Merzlova P. Ya. , Kurmaev D. P. , Treneva E. V. 
Published: April 2024

Currently, the world is experiencing a steady increase in the number of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); this disease is recognized as a global medical and social problem of the 21st century. There is also a trend towards increasing life expectancy and, as a result, an aging population. Accordingly, the number of older patients with T2DM is increasing. Hypoglycemia, a serious complication of T2DM, is quite common among this category of patients. Hypoglycemia leads to worsening glycemic control, cognitive deficits, and an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes in older patients. This review examines the risk factors for hypoglycemic conditions that must be taken into account when prescribing glucose-lowering therapy to older patients and their prognostic significance in assessing the risk of hypoglycemia. The possible negative consequences of hypoglycemia are described and the importance of individual goals for glycemic control in older patients is emphasized.
Age-Dependent Cerebral Microangiopathy Associated with Vascular Risk Factors: How to Recognize the Signs?
Authors: Mkhitaryan E. A. , Fateeva V. V. 
Published: April 2024

The focus of this article is on cerebral microangiopathy (CMA), also known as cerebral small vessel disease, which is commonly linked to age and vascular risk factors. It is a major contributor to both vascular and mixed cognitive decline in older individuals. The leading causes of vascular cognitive impairment and dementia include hypertension, high cholesterol, type 2 diabetes mellitus, smoking, and atrial fibrillation. The main manifestations of CMA in patients over 60 are outlined in this article, with supporting evidence from both domestic and foreign studies. By examining a specific clinical case, the characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of cognitive impairment caused by CMA and vascular risk factors in an older patient were analyzed.
The Emerging Stellar Complex in Mon R2: Membership and Optical Variability Classification
Authors: Jiang Sally D. , Hillenbrand Lynne A. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Monoceros R2 (Mon R2) is one of the closest large active star-forming regions. This extremely young and partially embedded region provides an excellent laboratory for studying star formation and the early evolution of young stellar objects (YSOs). In this paper, we conduct an optical study of the greater Mon R2 region. Beginning with 1690 previously identified candidate YSOs, we used 496 sources with good proper motions and parallaxes from Gaia Data Release (DR) 3 to determine the astrometric properties for likely members of Mon R2. We then used both astrometric and photometric (isochronal and variability) criteria to determine that 308 of these stars are highly probable members. Using the same criteria, we considered a broad area search around Mon R2 in Gaia DR3 and separated candidate members from field stars. In total, we selected 651 likely new cluster members that had been missed in the previous X-ray and infrared excess selection techniques used in the past to establish cluster membership. Revised astrometric properties of the cluster were found using the combined sample of ∼959 highly probable member stars. For the literature plus the new candidate member list, optical light curves were compiled from the Zwicky Transient Facility. For 470 identified variable sources, we attempted classification based on the flux asymmetry (M) and quasiperiodicity (Q) metrics. We find that Mon R2 is dominated by quasiperiodic symmetric variables, with aperiodic sources also a significant population. A few tens of large-amplitude variables are identified that may be of interest for further study.
Elemental Abundances in the Diffuse Interstellar Medium from Joint Far-ultraviolet and X-Ray Spectroscopy: Iron, Oxygen, Carbon, and Sulfur
Authors: Psaradaki I. , Corrales L. , Werk J. , Jensen A. G. , Costantini E. , Mehdipour M. , Cilley R. , Schulz N. , Kaastra J. , García J. A. , Valencic L. , Kallman T. , Paerels F. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
In this study, we investigate interstellar absorption lines along the line of sight toward the galactic low-mass X-ray binary Cygnus X-2. We combine absorption line data obtained from high-resolution X-ray spectra collected with the Chandra and XMM-Newton satellites, along with far-UV absorption lines observed by the Hubble Space Telescope’s (HST) Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) instrument. Our primary objective is to understand the abundance and depletion of oxygen, iron, sulfur, and carbon. To achieve this, we have developed an analysis pipeline that simultaneously fits both the UV and X-ray data sets. This novel approach takes into account the line-spread function of HST/COS, enhancing the precision of our results. We examine the absorption lines of Fe ii, S ii, C ii, and C i present in the far-UV spectrum of Cygnus X-2, revealing the presence of at least two distinct absorbers characterized by different velocities. Additionally, we employ Cloudy simulations to compare our findings concerning the ionic ratios for the studied elements. We find that gaseous iron and sulfur exist in their singly ionized forms, Fe ii and S ii, respectively, while the abundances of C ii and C i do not agree with the Cloudy simulations of the neutral ISM. Finally, we explore discrepancies in the X-ray atomic data of iron and discuss their impact on the overall abundance and depletion of iron.
On the Origin of the Sudden Heliospheric Open Magnetic Flux Enhancement During the 2014 Pole Reversal
Authors: Heinemann Stephan G. , Owens Mathew J. , Temmer Manuela , Turtle James A. , Arge Charles N. , Henney Carl J. , Pomoell Jens , Asvestari Eleanna , Linker Jon A. , Downs Cooper , Caplan Ronald M. , Hofmeister Stefan J. , Scolini Camilla , Pinto Rui F. , Madjarska Maria S. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Coronal holes are recognized as the primary sources of heliospheric open magnetic flux (OMF). However, a noticeable gap exists between in situ measured OMF and that derived from remote-sensing observations of the Sun. In this study, we investigate the OMF evolution and its connection to solar structures throughout 2014, with special emphasis on the period from September to October, where a sudden and significant OMF increase was reported. By deriving the OMF evolution at 1 au, modeling it at the source surface, and analyzing solar photospheric data, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the observed phenomenon. First, we establish a strong correlation between the OMF increase and the solar magnetic field derived from a potential-field source-surface model (cc
Pearson = 0.94). Moreover, we find a good correlation between the OMF and the open flux derived from solar coronal holes (cc
Pearson = 0.88), although the coronal holes only contain 14%–32% of the Sun’s total open flux. However, we note that while the OMF evolution correlates with coronal hole open flux, there is no correlation with the coronal hole area evolution (cc
Pearson = 0.0). The temporal increase in OMF correlates with the vanishing remnant magnetic field at the southern pole, caused by poleward flux circulations from the decay of numerous active regions months earlier. Additionally, our analysis suggests a potential link between the OMF enhancement and the concurrent emergence of the largest active region in solar cycle 24. In conclusion, our study provides insights into the strong increase in OMF observed during 2014 September–October.
The Carbon Isotopic Ratio and Planet Formation
Authors: Bergin Edwin A. , Bosman Arthur , Teague Richard , Calahan Jenny , Willacy Karen , Cleeves L. Ilsedore , Schwarz Kamber , Zhang Ke , Bruderer Simon 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We present the first detection of 13CCH in a protoplanetary disk (TW Hya). Using observations of C2H, we measure CCH/13CCH = 65 ± 20 gas with a CO isotopic ratio of 12CO/13CO = 21 ± 5. The TW Hya disk exhibits a gas phase C/O that exceeds unity, and C2H is the tracer of this excess carbon. We confirm that the TW Hya gaseous disk exhibits two separate carbon isotopic reservoirs, as noted previously. We explore two theoretical solutions for the development of this dichotomy. One model represents TW Hya today with a protoplanetary disk exposed to a cosmic-ray ionization rate that is below interstellar as consistent with current estimates. We find that this model does not have sufficient ionization in cold (T < 40 K) layers to activate carbon isotopic fractionation. The second model investigates a younger TW Hya protostellar disk exposed to an interstellar cosmic-ray ionization rate. We find that the younger model has sources of ionization deeper in a colder disk that generates two independent isotopic reservoirs. One reservoir is 12C-enriched carried by methane/hydrocarbon ices, and the other is 13C-enriched carried by gaseous CO. The former potentially provides a source of methane/hydrocarbon ices to power the chemistry that generates the anomalously strong C2H emission in this (and other) disk systems in later stages. The latter provides a source of gaseous 13C-rich material to generate isotopic enrichments in forming giant planets, as recently detected in the super-Jupiter TYC 8998-760-1 b by Zhang et al.
Steve Oswald : Pragmatique et rhétorique
Authors: Oswald Steve , Herman Thierry 
Published: April 2024

Chercher l’efficacité perlocutoire (faire adhérer à une thèse, faire acheter un produit, …) sans que la vérité ou la morale ne jouent un rôle décisif constitue-t-elle ce que d’aucuns nomment une manipulation ? C’est précisément parce qu’il s’intéresse aux mécanismes de l’adhésion à des thèses que Steve Oswald a tissé des liens entre sciences cognitives et rhétorique autour de cette notion. En se fondant sur les théories de pragmatique cognitive et les travaux en psychologie, ce chercheur sort des sentiers battus de la rhétorique en ouvrant ce qui est pour beaucoup une boîte noire : la question des effets des stratégies discursives. Il a tout d’abord abordé la question en cherchant à expliquer le mécanisme sur un plan théorique mais aussi, depuis peu, de manière expérimentale. Examiner ainsi la question des effets rhétoriques permet non seulement de revivifier la discipline en documentant les intuitions ou les constats empiriques des anciens rhéteurs, mais aussi de créer des ponts entre des approches qui s’ignorent parfois : la logique informelle, la psychologie cognitive, la pragmatique cognitive, l’analyse du discours.