bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Correlation between marginal adaptation of composite resin restorations and bacterial growth in cavities
Authors: QVIST VIBEKE 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The purpose of the present study was to correlate the marginal adaptation of composite fillings to the bacterial growth in the cavities. Forty‐three cavities prepared in vivo on human third molars were acid etched and filled with the composite resin Concise®. After 4 months the teeth were extracted and examined for marginal leakage along the restorations. After histologic preparation an average of 38 sections from each cavity were stained and investigated for bacteria on the cavity walls and in the exposed dentinal tubules. General marginal leakage was found in 14 of the restorations and bacterial growth in 12. For 35 of the 43 restorations there was an agreement between marginal leakage and bacterial growth (P= 0.0002). Based on the results it is concluded that bacteria in a cavity can be used as an indicator of marginal leakage along the restoration.
Origin of salivary hepatitis B surface antigen
Authors: HURLEN BJØRN 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –Low titers of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is often found in mixed saliva of antigenemic individuals. In the present study the occurrence of antigen in saliva was correlated to the content of albumin, which is not synthesized by the salivary glands, but represents a leakage into the oral cavity due to hemorrhage, exudation or transudation. The presence of antigen in saliva was also correlated to the titer of antigen in serum.
Ultrastructure of squamous epithelium during wound healing in palatal mucosa of guinea pigs
Authors: ANDERSEN LIS 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The ultrastructure of the epithelium of wounded guinea pig palate was studied. Twenty‐four biopsies (animals) were used. Biopsies were taken 18, 48, 96, and 120 h after wounding. Essential changes in epithelial cell structure in response to wounding were as follows: microfilaments, suggested to represent actin‐containing filaments, became evident in the cortical cytoplasmic zone. Micro tubules prevailed in the peripheral cytoplasm. Tonofilament bundles assumed the character of short tufts or delicate bundles and. the amount of non‐bundled tonofilaments was increased. These observations suggest changes in the cytoskeletal/contractile system facilitating cell motility. The structure of lysosomal profiles indicates an enhanced phagocytic capability. Influence of fixation on preservation of non‐membrane‐bound organelles is suggested based on comparable morphometric data.
Distribution and forms of iodine in human oral cavity
Authors: TENOVUO JORMA , SÖDERLING EVA , ANTTONEN TYTI 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –Neither iodinated proteins nor iodinated. low‐molecular weight compounds (e.g. iodinated tyrosine derivatives) could be detected in concentrated human salivary supernatant by using the Ce(SO4)2‐method either directly or after thin‐layer chromatography. Salivary sediment contained free 1− ions, loosely bound iodine (released with saline) and strongly bound iodine (released with sonication, detergent and acid hydrolysis). A positive correlation between salivary and crevicuiar excretion of l− from plasma was observed. Thiocyanate ions, which competitively inhibit peroxidase‐catalysed oxidation and iodination reactions and which are abundant in human saliva, possibly prevent the coupling of l− to protein in vivo although some human salivary proteins are very susceptible to iodination in vitro.
Viability of human periodontal ligament cells after storage in milk or saliva
Authors: BLOMLÖF LEIF , OTTESKOG PER 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The prognosis of replantation of traumatically exarticulated teeth is very much influenced by the conditions under which the teeth have been kept before replantation. Saliva has been recommended as the most suitable storage medium but there are no studies where saliva has been compared with other possible storage media. Milk is such an easily available storage medium. The purpose of the present investigation was to compare the storage effect of milk with that of saliva on human periodontal ligament cells. Milk was superior to saliva as storage medium with respect to number of viable cells, cell size, ability to recover and to heal experimentally produced wounds. The osmolality of milk seems to be the most important factor.
Vitality of periodontal ligament cells after storage of monkey teeth in milk or saliva
Authors: BLOMLÖF LEIF , LINDSKOG SVEN , HEDSTRÖM KARL‐GÕRAN , HAMMARSTRÖM LARS 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –Vitality of die periodontal ligament (PDL) is necessary for a successful healing after replantation of exarticulated teeth. In the present investigation newly extracted teeth from monkeys were stored in saline, milk or saliva for 1–3 h. Freeze sections were made and the vitality of the PDL was determined histochemically. Milk seemed to provide better storage conditions than saliva or saline.
Effect of thickness of peridental restorations on the casting precision
Authors: FINGER WERNER 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The present study has shown that the precision of peridental gold alloy castings depends both on the specific properties of the investment used and on the thickness of the pattern. In all cases the inside diameter of the castings decreased with increasing thickness. The most accurate results were obtained with an experimental investment characterized by a setting expansion of 0.05%, a thermal expansion high enough to compensate for the alloy contraction during cooling from solidus to room temperature, and a compressive strength of only 27 kg/cm2 at 67O° C.
Associations of some variables to tooth formation in children with isolated cleft palate
Authors: RANTA REIJO 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The timing of tooth formation in 251 children, affected with isolated cleft palate without syndromes or other concomitant visceral anomalies (CP), was evaluated from orthopantomograms. The age range was 6–12 yr. The formation of the permanent teeth was delayed approximately 0.7 yr in CP children compared with the data on the non‐cleft reference group. There were no differences in sex distribution between the CP group and the non‐cleft reference group and between the CP subgroups. No significant differences in tooth formation could be detected between the subgroups; with and without positive family history of clefts, with and without conical elevation of the lower lip, and between the subgroups of submucous, partial and complete cleft of the palate. The presence of hypodontia promoted the delay significantly and the delay increased with increasing number of missing teeth per child. In the older age group of 9–12 yr, the delay was significantly longer (1.1 yr) than in the younger age group of 6–9 yr (0.6 yr). The present findings of tooth formation support the hypothesis that the genetic component in the multifactorial situation does not act directly in producing the malformation itself, but indirectly, through a reduction in buffering. Furthermore, at least some of the sporadic cases have a partly genetic etiology.
Inhibition of bacterial growth by tetracycline‐impregnated enamel and dentin
Authors: BJORVATN KJELL , SKAUG NILS , SELVIG KNUT A. 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –Tetracyclines can react with enamel and dentin to form relatively insoluble fluorescent compounds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the possible antimicrobial effect of these reaction products on various microorganisms associated with human dental plaque and periodontal disease. Slabs of native dentin and enamel as well as demineralized dentin were immersed in aqueous solutions of tetracycline HC1, oxytetracycline HC1 and doxycycline HC1 for periods of 1 h or 24 h. Unimpregnated enamel and dentin slabs sterilized by gamma irradiation and specimens impregnated with phenoxymethylpenicillin calcium were used as controls. Test and control specimens were placed on agar plates seeded with B. cereus, C. ochraceus, S. sanguis, F. nucleatum, B. melaninogenicus or A. viscosus and were subsequently incubated aerobically or anaerobically at 37°C. With the exception of enamel impregnated for 1 h in a 0.01 mg/ml tetracycline solution, all test specimens caused growth inhibition zones, varying in size according to concentration of the drug, immersion period and bacterial species. The results indicate that tetracyclines react with enamel and dentin to form slightly soluble compounds with a pronounced antibacterial effect. In comparison, the antimicrobial effect of dentin treated with penicillin was small.
Effect of five adhesives on adaptation of resin in dentin cavities
Authors: MUNKSGAARD ERIK CHRISTIAN , HANSEN ERIK KEITH , ASMUSSEN ERIK 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –Cylindric dentin cavities ranging from 2 to 6 mm in diameter were treated with different dentin adhesives: Clearfil, Gluma, NPG‐GMA + PMDM, Scotchbond or Superbond before filling with Silux. The maximal contraction gap was measured 10 min after curing and compared with result from cavities where an adhesive was omitted. The effectiveness in reducing contraction gaps increased in the following order: Clearfil, Scotchbond, NPG‐GMA+PMDM, Superbond and Gluma.
Light microscopic study of experimental cell‐mediated immunity in rat oral mucosa
Authors: AHLFORS E. E. , LARSSON P. A. 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –A model for hapten‐induced cell‐mediated immunity (CMI) in the oral mucosa of the Spraque‐Dawley rat is presented. Sensitization was performed with 0.1 ml of a hapten (DNCB 2%, in acetone solution) administered five times on shaved dorsal skin. Ten days after completed sensitization, eliciting doses of 0.1–0.02% of the hapten were applied in the buccal mucosa one or several times giving rise to an inflammation dominated by lymphocytes. The development of the reaction was studied in a time sequence study. Also sensitization through the buccal mucosa was attempted, with three or more of the eliciting doses applied directly in the buccal mucosa. Light microscopically, the reaction was identical to the one seen in previously sensitized rats. The effects of DNCB and DNFB on sensitized animals with eliciting doses of 25 μl 2% or 0.02% in acetone/olive oil were compared. No differences were seen in the low concentration range, but in the high concentration range, DNFB showed a more potent effect giving rise to ulcers, not observed with DNCB.
Electron probe study of human and red deer cementum and root dentin
Authors: TÖTDAL B. , HALS E. 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –A topographical description of the concentration profiles of Ca, P, Mg, Zn, F, S, and K in human and red deer cementum and root dentin is given. The concentrations reported should be regarded as semiquantitative values. A downward slope of the Ca, P and Mg profiles toward the pulpal cavity seemed largely to correspond with the secondary dentin. Marked elevations of (he Zn profiles, modest elevations of the F profiles, and in a few instances of the S profiles, toward root surface and pulpal cavity were registered. In a couple of scans a slight elevation of the K profile toward the root surface was observed. A high degree of concordance in human and red deer teeth was ascertained.
Effect of antibody preparations on glucose uptake by a cariogenic streptococcus
Authors: RÖLLA GUNNAR , LITTLE WAYNE A. , CIARDI JOSEPH E. 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The effect of antisera to whole cells or cell wall components on glucose uptake by S. mutans 6715 was examined. Early stationary phase 6715 cells were treated with test scrum and incubated at 37°C in the presence of 14C‐glucose. Samples were removed at timed intervals and measured in a liquid scintillation counter for radioactive uptake. Antisera to both whole cells and components known to be present on the surface of the cells reduced glucose uptake relative to normal serum. It is suggested that inhibition of glucose uptake may be one mechanism by which a caries vaccine may operate.
Presence of Lactobacillus casei in saliva from children and adults using a new medium
Authors: CLAESSON ROLF , CROSSNER CLAES‐GÖRAN 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The aim of this study was to devise a medium for cultivation of L. casei and to compare the presence of L. casei in saliva from children and adults. The new medium was produced by omitting the sugars from Rogosa SL agar medium and supplementing this medium with melezitose. Although all tested strains of lactobacilli grew on the new medium, the facultatively homofermentative lactobacilli, L. casei and L. plantarum, could be identified by a typical colonial morphology. L. casei was the most common species of oral lactobacilli in saliva from children and made up a significantly higher proportion of the salivary lactobacillus flora in children than in adults.
Scanning electron microscopic study of Streptococcus mutans BHT lysed by lysozyme
Authors: TWETMAN SVANTE , OTTESKOG PER , MODÉER THOMAS 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The effects of purified salivary lysozyme (HSL) and hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) on the surface structure of Streptococcus mutans BHT were studied with the aid of scanning electron microscopy. In parallel experiments bacteriolysis was monitored by liberation of 3H‐thymidine incorporated into the bacteria. Control cells maintained their shape and had intact cell walls during the experimental period. Exposure of the cells to HSL (5.0 U/ml) or HEWL (5.0 μg/ml) for 3 and 18 h resulted in progressive destruction of cell structure. Some cells exhibited ruptures of the cell walls on top of spherical swellings, predominantly located at the ends of the bacteria. After 18 h the majority were disrupted in the septal area leaving numerous empty cup‐shaped cell walls in the preparations. The findings of the electron microscopic examination were confirmed in the biochemical assay.
pH and the effect of NH4Cl on human gingival fibroblasts
Authors: HELGELAND KRISTEN 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –pH variations in the range from 6.9 to 7.9 modified the growth rate of human gingival fibroblasts in culture, a pH optimum being found at 7.6‐7.8. A pH dependent growth inhibition by ammonia was evident, being particularly prominent in the presence of 2 mM NH4Cl. At this concentration an effect ranging from a complete cessation of growth at pH 8.0 to an indication of a slight stimulatory effect at pH 7.2 was found. Concomitant with this amplification of the growth inhibitory effect, a state of unbalanced growth in the sense of an increased cellular protein content was induced by ammonia upon increasing the pH of the medium. The incorporation of 14C‐proline into the total protein fraction decreased rapidly, particularly in the control cultures, with pH; an inhibition by ammonia being found at pH 7.9 and 7.5 with no effect at pH 7.1. Except for part of the inhibition by ammonia, changes in specific activity of 14C‐proline in the cellular amino acid pool could account for these pH effects. Ammonia reduced the proportion of radiolabeled protein recovered as collagen both from the cells and medium at the lower pHs, whereas the only significant effect on noncollagen protein was an increased fraction being secreted at pH 7.1 in the presence of 10 mM NH4Cl.
Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid with linear IgA deposits in oral mucosa
Authors: HIETANEN JARKKO , RANTALA IMMO , REUNALA TIMO 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –Two patients with severe oral ulcerations and concomitant lesions in the nose, eyes and genitals were examined. The immunofluorescence (IFL) studies of buccal and genital mucosa revealed that the only deposited immunoglobulin was IgA. Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed the linear pattern of IgA deposition and localized IgA in lamina lucida in both patients. Dapsone 50 mg daily was effective in controlling the disease activity partially in the first and completely in the second patient. The results suggest that our patients had benign mucous membrane pemphigoid (BMMP) with linear IgA deposition but do not exclude a mucosal form of a newly recognized bullous skin disease termed linear IgA disease.
Evaluation of a simplified diagnostic aid (Oricult‐N) for detection of oral candidoses
Authors: AXÉLL TONY , SIMONSSON THOMAS , BIRKHED DOWEN , ROSENBORG JOHAN , EDWARDSSON STIG 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The validity of a simplified diagnostic aid, Oricult‐N, for detection of oral candidoses was compared with smears stained according to the periodic acid‐SchilFs method. Samples were taken from 80 locations in 36 patients with lesions suspected for candidal infection. There was a statistically significant correlation between the two methods (P < 0.001).
Dose reduction by field size trimming in rotational panoramic radiography
Authors: SVANAES DAGFINN B. , LARHEIM TORE A. , BACKE STEINAR 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –A substantial dose reduction may be obtained for patients in need of frequent retakes with rotational panoramic radiography by reducing the width and height of the film area irradiated. An electronic timer was connected to the circuit of an Orthopantomograph 5 (Siemens) whereby exposure limes could easily be selected in the range 5‐15 s. Vertical extracollimation was provided. With the field size reduced to encompass the developing dentition only, about 60% reduction in integral absorbed dose was obtained using standard (Siemens special) screens. With rare earth (Titan HS) screens a reduction of 85% was obtained in integral absorbed dose and absorbed doses to the thyroid gland and eye lens were reduced by 70‐79% and 80‐89%, respectively. The doses thus obtained were equal to or less than those reported with a single dental film in speed Group D.
Marginal adaptation of composite restorations performed in vivo with different acid‐etch restorative procedures
Authors: QVIST VIBEKE 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –243 experimental Class V restorations using a chemically cured composite resin were inserted in human third molars with the conventional acid‐etch restorative procedure and with eight modifications of this technique. The teeth were extracted following an observation period of 4 months. Sections from each cavity were stained and examined for bacteria on the cavity floor. Bacteria in more than 10% of the sections was used as the criterion for marginal leakage along a restoration. Results showed that non‐composite resin applied as an intermediary layer in etched cavities or as a surface coating of immediately finished and re‐etched restorations, beveling of the margins of preparations, and treatment of the etched cavities with the surface‐active comonomer NPG‐GMA before filling all significantly decrease the leakage occurrence in the oral environment. The observed differences between the modifications varied considerably but none of them was significant, and no additive effects were found.
Cytotoxicity of corroded and non‐corroded dental silver amalgams
Authors: MILLEDING PERCY , WENNBERG ALF , HASSELGREN GUNNAR 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The cytotoxicity of one conventional and four non‐γ2‐amalgams was studied in a cell culture system, using the Millipore filter method. Before testing set amalgam specimens were kept in distilled water or in artificial saliva at pH 4, 5 or 7 for up to 28 wk to produce a corrosion layer on the test surface. Non‐corroded set amalgam specimens were also tested. None of the non‐corroded, set amalgams showed any sign of surface accumulation of cytotoxic products whereas the corroded amalgams showed varying degrees of cytotoxicity. Generally, the non‐γ2‐amalgams gave a more pronounced cytotoxic effect than the conventional amalgam. When the corrosion procedure was carried out at pH 7, the various non‐γ2‐amalgams showed different degrees of cytotoxicity. It appears that the difference in cytotoxic effect between the non‐γ2‐amalgams and the conventional amalgam as well as the differences among the various non‐γ2‐amalgams could be related to variation in the retention of corrosion products deposited on the amalgam surface.
Formation and ecology of plaque at different locations in the mouth
Authors: THEILADE ELSE , THEILADE JÖRGEN 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –Some recent findings concerning microbial colonization of smooth surfaces of teeth, gingival crevices, occlusal fissures and removable dentures are reviewed considering the many ecologic factors of importance for the oral microbial communities. The oral microbiota is extremely complex comprising at least 200 taxa. In spile of interindividual and site‐to‐site variations, each oral habitat has a characteristic microbiota ranging from Gram‐positive, facultatively anaerobic cocci and rods in occlusal fissures to predominance of Gram‐negative, strictly anaerobic rods and spirochetes in deep periodontal pockets.
Support for and implications of the specific plaque hypothesis
Authors: EMILSON CLAES‐GÖRAN , KRASSE BO 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –The role of specific microorganisms in dental caries is reviewed. A considerable amount of evidence supports the association between organisms of the Streptococcus mutans group and caries incidence and prevalence. The cariogenic potential of S. mutans is probably due to the unique combination of properties with which this microorganism is endowed. The pathogenic potential can be modified by changes in the environment. Lactobacilli play a major role in the development of a lesion. The specific plaque hypothesis has important implications because the association between S. mutans, lactobacilli and dental caries can be used in diagnosis, treatment and prevention of the disease in groups of subjects as well as in the individual case.
Host responses to bacteria and bacterial products in periodontal disease: immunosuppressive effects of periodontitis‐related microorganisms?
Authors: KRISTOFFERSEN TORE 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –Several recent investigations indicate that some patients with adult periodontitis have lowered serum antibody levels or reduced lymphoproliferative responses to certain periodontitis‐related microorganisms. Many such patients lend to show increased responses after therapy. Some suggested mechanisms of such responses are reviewed and the possible significance of immunosuppressive effects of periodontitis‐related microorganisms arc briefly discussed.
Subgingival microorganisms and bacterial virulence factors in periodontitis
Authors: SLOTS JÖRGEN , DAHLÉN GUNNAR 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –Considerable information has come forth in recent years on the pathogenic organisms in human periodontilis and the sequence of events by which they produce periodontal disease. Important pcriodontopatliogens include Bactcroidcs gingivalis, Bactcroidcs intcnnedius and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. Virulence factors of B. gingivalis and B. intermcdius may mainly involve enzymes with potential to interfere with host defenses and to disintegrate periodontal tissues. Pathogenic properties of A. actinomycetemcomitans appear predominantly to be exerted by leukotoxin and other noxious products.
Multiangular viewing of dental enamel in the SEM: an apparatus for controlled mechanical specimen preparation
Authors: RISNES STEINAR 
Published: October 2007

Abstract –An apparatus is described which can be used for controlled sectioning and grinding of tooth specimens to be studied in the SEM. Each specimen can be sectioned and ground along several planes. During the procedures the specimen remains fixed to a stub which after the final processing can be inserted directly into the scanning electron microscope.