bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Culturally centered psychosocial interventions
Authors: Bernal Guillermo , Sáez‐Santiago Emily 
Published: February 2006

AbstractOver the last few decades, psychologists and other health professionals have called attention to the importance of considering cultural and ethnicminority aspects in any psychosocial interventions. Although, at present, there are published guidelines on the practice of culturally competent psychology, there is still a lack of practical information about how to carry out appropriate interventions with specific populations of different cultural and ethnic backgrounds. In this article, the authors review relevant literature concerning the consideration of cultural issues in psychosocial interventions. They present arguments in favor of culturally centering interventions. In addition, they discuss a culturally sensitive framework that has shown to be effective for working with Latinos and Latinas. This framework may also be applicable to other cultural and ethnic groups. @ 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Iterated line graphs are maximally ordered
Authors: Knor Martin , Niepel L'udovít 
Published: February 2006

AbstractA graph G is k‐ordered if for every ordered sequence of k vertices, there is a cycle in G that encounters the vertices of the sequence in the given order. We prove that if G is a connected graph distinct from a path, then there is a number tG such that for every t ≥ tG the t‐iterated line graph of G, Lt (G), is (δ(Lt (G)) + 1)‐ordered. Since there is no graph H which is (δ(H)+2)‐ordered, the result is best possible. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 52: 171–180, 2006
Bounding the size of near hexagons with lines of size 3
Authors: De Bruyn Bart 
Published: February 2006

AbstractWe consider finite near hexagons with lines of size 3, and prove that there are only finitely many examples given the nondegeneracy condition that for each point there exists a point at distance 3 to it. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 52: 108–122, 2006
Quantitative myocardial perfusion analysis with a dual‐bolus contrast‐enhanced first‐pass MRI technique in humans
Authors: Hsu Li‐Yueh , Rhoads Kenneth L. , Holly Jessica E. , Kellman Peter , Aletras Anthony H. , Arai Andrew E. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractPurposeTo compare fully quantitative and semiquantitative analysis of rest and stress myocardial blood flow (MBF) and myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR) using a dual‐bolus first‐pass perfusion MRI method in humans.Materials and MethodsRest and dipyridamole stress perfusion imaging was performed on 10 healthy humans by administering gadolinium contrast using a dual‐bolus protocol. Ventricular and myocardial time‐signal intensity curves were generated from a series of T1‐weighted images and adjusted for surface‐coil intensity variations. Corrected signal intensity curves were then fitted using fully quantitative model constrained deconvolution (MCD) to quantify MBF (mL/min/g) and MPR. The results were compared with semiquantitative contrast enhancement ratio (CER) and upslope index (SLP) measurements.ResultsMBF (mL/min/g) estimated with MCD averaged 1.02 ± 0.22 at rest and 3.39 ± 0.59 for stress with no overlap in measures. MPR was 3.43 ± 0.71, 1.91 ± 0.65, and 1.16 ± 0.19 using MCD, SLP, and CER. Both semiquantitative parameters (SLP and CER) significantly underestimated MPR (P < 0.001) and failed to completely discriminate rest and stress perfusion.ConclusionRest and stress MBF (mL/min/g) and MPR estimated by dual‐bolus perfusion MRI fit within published ranges. Semiquantitative methods (SLP and CER) significantly underestimated MPR. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. Published by Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Pulsed arterial spin labeling parameter optimization for an elderly population
Authors: Campbell Alison M. , Beaulieu Christian 
Published: February 2006

AbstractPurposeTo optimize pulsed arterial spin labeling (PASL) parameters for the elderly to take into account possible perfusion changes that occur in the brain with age.Materials and MethodsHealthy young (N = 14, age range = 21–27 years) and elderly (N = 12, age range = 61–67 years) subjects were scanned using Q2TIPS (QUIPSS II with thin‐slice TI, periodic saturation) with varying inversion times (TI2) at 1.5T. The difference signal (ΔM), transit time (δt), and cerebral blood flow (CBF) were calculated in segmented gray matter (GM).ResultsThe young displayed more perfusion‐weighted signal difference than the elderly at all TI2's. The peak ΔM occurred at TI2 ∼ 1300 msec and 1500 msec in the young and elderly groups, respectively. Qualitatively, intravascular signal was minimal in the younger group by TI2 = 1500 msec, whereas a longer TI2 of 1800 msec was needed to minimize this signal in the elderly. The transit time was ∼100 msec longer in the elderly, and CBF was in the range of literature values.ConclusionFor acquiring perfusion‐weighted images with minimal intravascular signal and adequate tissue signal for PASL studies of cerebral perfusion in the elderly, a longer inversion time is advantageous. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Magnetic resonance brain perfusion imaging with voxel‐specific arterial input functions
Authors: Grüner Renate , Bjørnarå Bård T. , Moen Gunnar , Taxt Torfinn 
Published: February 2006

AbstractPurposeTo propose an automatic method for estimating voxel‐specific arterial input functions (AIFs) in dynamic contrast brain perfusion imaging.Materials and MethodsVoxel‐specific AIFs were estimated blindly using the theory of homomorphic transformations and complex cepstrum analysis. Wiener filtering was used in the subsequent deconvolution. The method was verified using simulated data and evaluated in 10 healthy adults.ResultsComputer simulations accurately estimated differently shaped, normalized AIFs. Simple Wiener filtering resulted in underestimation of flow values. Preliminary in vivo results showed comparable cerebral flow value ratios between gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) when using blindly estimated voxel‐specific AIFs or a single manually selected AIF. Significant differences (P ≤ 0.0125) in mean transit time (MTT) and time‐to‐peak (TTP) in GM compared to WM was seen with the new method.ConclusionInitial results suggest that the proposed method can replace the tedious and difficult task of manually selecting an AIF, while simultaneously providing better differentiation between time‐dependent hemodynamic parameters. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Gastric motor function and emptying in the right decubitus and seated body position as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging
Authors: Treier Reto , Steingoetter Andreas , Weishaupt Dominik , Goetze Oliver , Boesiger Peter , Fried Michael , Schwizer Werner 
Published: February 2006

AbstractPurposeTo determine the effect of the right decubitus lying body position (RP) on relevant parameters of human gastric motor function in healthy volunteers.Materials and MethodsPostprandial gastric function after ingestion of a solid/liquid meal (150 g/150 mL) was assessed over 90 minutes in volunteers in the RP and seated position (SP). Ten healthy volunteers were imaged using two MRI systems that differed in architecture and field strength. Stomach and intragastric air volume, intragastric meal distribution, gastric emptying, and gastric peristalsis were compared between the RP and SP.ResultsBody position did not affect gastric relaxation (RP, 372 mL vs. SP, 384 mL) and initial gastric volumes (stomach: RP, 458 mL vs. SP, 462 mL; meal: RP, 377 mL vs. SP, 399 mL; intragastric air: RP, 110 mL vs. SP, 98 mL). Postprandial stomach volume and gastric activity (RP and SP, 3.1 minute–1) were also similar. Meal emptying showed different characteristics, resulting in a significant but small difference in meal volume of –43 mL at t = 90 minutes (P < 0.05).ConclusionGastric MRI in RP is feasible for clinical research assessing gastric motor function. The subtle difference in meal emptying may be induced by posture‐dependent vagal activity. This study confirms that MRI is a highly sensitive imaging technique for assessing gastrointestinal function in humans. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acute neurobehavioral effects of exposure to static magnetic fields: Analyses of exposure–response relations
Authors: de Vocht Frank , Stevens Tobias , van Wendel‐de‐Joode Berna , Engels Hans , Kromhout Hans 
Published: February 2006

AbstractPurposeTo assess exposure–response relations between exposure to magnetic fields and neurobehavioral effects.Materials and MethodsTwenty company volunteers completed a neurobehavioral test battery after they moved their heads with the magnetic field absent, and while they moved their heads in the inhomogenous stray fields of 1.5 and 3.0 T MRI magnets.ResultsThe value of the stray fields at the position of the head of the volunteer was estimated to be 0.6 T and 1.0 T on the 1.5 T and 3.0 T systems, respectively. Exposure–response relations were found for visual (–2.1%/100 mT) and auditory (–1.0%/100 mT) working memory, eye–hand coordination speed (–1.0%/100 mT), and visual tracking tasks (–3.1%/100 mT). Eye–hand precision, scanning speed, and visual contrast sensitivity were apparently not influenced by the magnetic field strength.ConclusionAdditional research should focus on the potential side effects of interventional MR procedures because of the exposure to strong magnetic fields of these systems. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Superficial femoral artery occlusive disease severity correlates with MR cine phase‐contrast flow measurements
Authors: Mohajer Kiyarash , Zhang Honglei , Gurell Daniel , Ersoy Hale , Ho Bernard , Kent K. Craig , Prince Martin R. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractPurposeTo evaluate how cine phase‐contrast (PC) flow data correlate with the severity of peripheral vascular disease (PVD).Materials and MethodsFlow waveforms were obtained in 48 patients proximal and distal to superficial femoral artery (SFA) disease using the 2D cine PC technique with velocity encoding (venc) = 100 cm/second. Flow data were correlated with SFA disease severity and compared with data from nine healthy volunteers.ResultsOf 96 arterial segments in 48 patients, 26 were patent or only mildly stenotic, 35 had moderate‐to‐severe stenosis, and 35 were occluded. The flow patterns tended to become low‐resistant below severe stenoses or occlusion. The mean peak flow velocity above/below SFA lesions was significantly higher in patients with severe disease (1.9 ± 1.0, P = 0.01) or occlusion (2.0 ± 1.0, P = 0.003) compared to normal volunteers (1.4 ± 0.6). The delay in peak velocity below the lesions showed a significant positive correlation with lesion severity (r = 0.65, P < 0.001). The mean flow volume ratio above/below SFA lesions was greater in patients with occluded vessels compared to normal volunteers (3.9 and 2.3 respectively; P = 0.04).ConclusionCine PC flow waveform changes across atherosclerotic lesions correlate with disease severity. This may help determine which lesions are hemodynamically significant. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proton MR spectroscopy in hyperhomocysteinemia with elevated blood methionine levels
Authors: Franco L. Patricia , Anderson Jada , Okoh James , Pomper Martin G. , Braverman Nancy , Barker Peter B. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractProton magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging (MRSI) and serial MRI were performed on a 10‐year‐old girl with B6 unresponsive cystathionine B‐synthase (CBS) deficiency who developed high methionine levels while on betaine therapy. At presentation, T2‐weighted sequences showed diffuse white matter (WM) hyperintensity and sulcal effacement, while MRSI metabolite concentrations were normal. Four months later, after the betaine therapy was discontinued and a methionine‐restricted diet with vitamin B6, B12, and folate supplementation was initiated, blood methionine levels and MRI findings returned to normal. Normal MRSI at presentation was predictive of a positive outcome despite the markedly abnormal initial MRI results. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Investigation of proton density for measuring tissue temperature
Authors: Chen Jing , Daniel Bruce L. , Pauly Kim Butts 
Published: February 2006

AbstractPurposeTo examine the temperature dependence of the proton density (PD) in both adipose and muscle tissues, and the application of the PD as a thermometry parameter in breast tissues.Materials and MethodsPorcine fat samples and bovine muscle samples were successively heated to temperatures ranging from 30°C to 76°C and then cooled. They were then imaged with a dual‐echo spin‐echo sequence. T1 and T2 effects were carefully corrected from the images. The apparent PD (APD) in regions of interest (ROIs) and the sum of the APD in all pixels (Sum_APD) were measured and analyzed by linear regression.ResultsAPD in adipose tissue is linear and reversible, and changes with a 0.3%/°C to 0.45%/°C temperature variation. The temperature coefficient of Sum_APD in adipose tissue is approximately 0.29%/°C, as predicted from the Boltzmann distribution. However, the results in muscle tissue are more variable. There is an offset in both APD and Sum_APD between heating and cooling phases, as well as different temperature coefficients between these two phases.ConclusionThe Sum_APD in adipose tissue validates the 1/T dependence on temperature. The APD is a potentially useful parameter for fat thermometry; however, its application in muscle tissue requires further investigation. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of gadopentetate dimeglumine and gadodiamide on serum calcium, magnesium, and creatinine measurements
Authors: Zhang Hong Lei , Ersoy Hale , Prince Martin R. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractPurposeTo investigate the in vivo effects of gadodiamide (Gd‐DTPA‐BMA) and gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd‐DTPA) on the laboratory measurements of serum calcium, magnesium, and creatinine.Materials and MethodsMedical records from 1993 to 2004 were reviewed to identify inpatients for whom laboratory data were available regarding serum calcium, creatinine, and magnesium levels before and within one day after gadodiamide and gadopentetate dimeglumine enhanced MRI. Patients who underwent both gadolinium (Gd)‐enhanced MRI and iodinated contrast‐enhanced examinations on separate days within a six‐month period were also identified to compare changes in serum creatinine.ResultsSerum creatinine did not increase in 2788 cases following gadopentetate dimeglumine and gadodiamide injection. By comparison, serum creatinine increased from 1.21 to 1.28 mg/dL following iodinated contrast, and there were 20 cases (2.6%) of contrast‐induced nephrotoxicity (P < 0.01). Gadopentetate dimeglumine did not affect serum calcium or magnesium measurements. Following 1157 gadodiamide‐enhanced examinations, measured serum calcium spuriously dropped from 8.65 to 8.33 mg/dL (P < 0.0001) and 34 patients had spurious critical hypocalcemia (<6 mg/dL). Of 60 patients with high‐dose gadodiamide injection and renal insufficiency, 36.7% (N = 22) had spurious critical hypocalcemia immediately post MRI. In 216 patients with renal insufficiency, the mean serum magnesium level increased slightly from 1.69 to 1.77 mEq/L following gadodiamide injection (P < 0.0001).ConclusionGd‐based contrast agents are safe for MRI and MR angiography (MRA), and do not induce nephrotoxicity. However, gadodiamide interferes with serum calcium and magnesium measurements—particularly at high doses and/or with renal insufficiency. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Direct quantitative in vivo comparison of calcified atherosclerotic plaque on vascular MRI and CT by multimodality image registration
Authors: Dey Damini , Slomka Piotr , Chien Daisy , Fieno David , Abidov Aiden , Saouaf Rola , Thomson Louise , Friedman John D. , Berman Daniel S. 
Published: February 2006

AbstractPurposeTo investigate direct volumetric in vivo correspondence of calcified atherosclerotic plaque lesions in MRI and CT images of the thoracic aorta by multimodality image registration and fusion.Materials and MethodsTwelve CT (11 noncontrast and one contrast) and MRI (TruFISP, contrast T1‐weighted volumetric interpolated breath‐hold examination (VIBE)) data sets were coregistered by approximate segmentation of the aorta and subsequent automatic coregistration by maximization of mutual information (MI). We quantitatively assessed 22 coregistered calcified plaque lesions on CT and MRI.ResultsThe three‐dimensional registration consistency and accuracy were 1.74 ± 1.3 mm, and 2.42 ± 1.65 mm, respectively. The ratio of CT/MRI calcified plaque volume decreased asymptotically with MRI volume, and correlated with average CT lesion density (r = 0.72) for small lesions (<25 mm3). The average calcified plaque volume, circumferential extent, and maximal radial width by MRI were significantly smaller compared to CT (35%, 68%, and 53%, respectively; P < 0.05).ConclusionSoftware coregistration allowed precise, direct, and voxel‐based comparison of calcified atherosclerotic plaque lesions imaged by MRI and CT. In comparison with coregistered MRI, overestimation of calcified plaque in aortic CT due to “blooming” correlates with the average lesion density for small plaques, and is greater for small plaques. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Assessing arterial blood flow and vessel area variations using real‐time zonal phase‐contrast MRI
Authors: Oelhafen Markus , Schwitter Juerg , Kozerke Sebastian , Luechinger Roger , Boesiger Peter 
Published: February 2006

AbstractPurposeTo measure peripheral artery function using a real‐time phase‐contrast (PC)‐MRI sequence with tailored image‐processing algorithms for flow computation.Materials and MethodsAn approach to real‐time flow measurements was developed based on two‐dimensional spatially selective excitation pulses and consecutive tailored processing of the data to derive blood flow and vessel area variations. The data acquisition strategy allows for flow measurements at high spatial and temporal resolutions of 1 mm2 and 50 msec, respectively. In postprocessing the vessel area is automatically extracted using correlation measures in conjunction with morphological image operators. By means of in vitro and in vivo validations, it is shown that the current methods provide accurate and reproducible measurements of flow and vessel area variations.ResultsIn vitro the comparison between the lumen area measured with the presented method and the values obtained by calliper gauge measurement showed a difference of 3.4% ± 3.4% (mean ± 2 SD). Similarly, the comparison between the stroke volumes determined with the presented method and by stopwatch and bucket measurements yielded a difference of 6.1% ± 2.1%. In vivo the results from the real‐time measurements for lumen area and stroke volume were compared with those from a gated PC‐MRI technique with differences of 4.8% ± 14% and 3.0% ± 24.7%, respectively.ConclusionThe presented method constitutes a reliable tool set for quantifying the variations of blood flow and lumen area in the superficial femoral artery during reactive hyperemia and for studying their correlation with cardiovascular risk factors. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Swallowing, arterial pulsation, and breathing induce motion artifacts in carotid artery MRI
Authors: Boussel Loic , Herigault Gwenael , de la Vega Alejandro , Nonent Michel , Douek Philippe Charles , Serfaty Jean Michel 
Published: February 2006

AbstractPurposeTo identify and quantify the potential sources of motion in carotid artery imaging.Materials and MethodsTwo healthy volunteers and 12 patients (20–75 years old) with atherosclerotic disease were scanned on a Philips Intera 1.5T system. A single‐shot balanced‐fast field echo (bFFE) sequence was used to acquire real‐time axial views of the carotid artery wall (three images per second). A three‐step acquisition protocol was performed to analyze the three types of motion (arterial pulsation, breathing, and swallowing) separately. The isocenter carotid artery motion amplitude in either the x or y direction was measured. Radial variation in the carotid lumen between the systolic and diastolic phases was analyzed. Motion frequency was reported for each patient.ResultsSignificant motion related to arterial pulsation (amplitude = 0.27–0.93 mm, mean = 0.6, SD = 0.19), breathing (amplitude = 0.5–3.6 mm, mean = 1.56, SD = 0.99)), and swallowing (amplitude = 1.4–9.2 mm, mean = 4.7, SD = 2.4) were visualized.ConclusionPulsation, breathing, and swallowing are sources of significant motion in the carotid artery wall. Such motion should be considered in the future to improve carotid artery image quality. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Acoustic noise characteristics of a 4 Telsa MRI scanner
Authors: More Shashikant R. , Lim Teik C. , Li Mingfeng , Holland Christy K. , Boyce Suzanne E. , Lee Jing‐Huei 
Published: February 2006

AbstractPurposeTo quantify the acoustic noise characteristics of a 4 Tesla MRI scanner, and determine the effects of structural acoustics and gradient pulse excitations on the sound field so that feasible noise control measures can be developed.Materials and MethodsAcoustic noise emissions were measured in the ear and mouth locations of a typical adult. The sound pressure measurements were acquired simultaneously with the electrical current signals of the gradient pulses. Two forms of gradient waveforms (impulsive and operating pulses) were studied.ResultsThe sound pressure levels (SPLs) emitted by the MRI scanner operating in echo‐planar imaging (EPI) mode were in the range of 120–130 decibels. Three types of sound pressure responses were observed in the EPI sequences: 1) harmonic, 2) nonharmonic, and 3) broadband. The frequency‐encoding gradient pulses were the most dominant and produced generally odd‐number harmonics and nonharmonics. The phase‐encoding gradient pulses generated mostly even‐number harmonics, and the slice‐selection gradient pulses produced primarily a broadband spectrum.ConclusionThe operating condition acoustic spectrum can be predicted from the magnet‐structural acoustic transfer functions, which are independent of imaging sequences. This finding is encouraging because it shows that it is possible to treat such noises with an active noise control application. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Phenotypic characterization of food waste degrading Bacillus strains isolated from aerobic bioreactors
Authors: Saraiva Lopes da Silva Maria Teresa , Santo Fátima Espírito , Tavares Pereira Pablo , Pereira Roseiro José Carlos 
Published: February 2006

AbstractA phenotypic characterization of seventeen Bacillus strains isolated from aerobic thermophilic bioreactors of a food waste processing company was carried out, using fatty acid and enzymatic activity profiles. It was observed that each species possessed a typical fatty acid and enzymatic production profile. Bacillus licheniformis strains exhibited the most significant enzyme production. Numerical analyses (principal component and hierarchical cluster analyses) revealed that Bacillus licheniformis strains were homogeneous regarding their fatty acid profiles whilst B. subtilis and Bacillus pumilus strains showed some phenotypic differences. However, enzymatic activities numerical analyses indicated that these three Bacillus species were more homogeneous regarding this phenotypic characteristic. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)