bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Influence of the degree of substitution on the solution properties of chloromethylated polysulfone
Authors: Ioan Silvia , Filimon Anca , Avram Ecaterina 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe conformational behavior and unperturbed dimensions of polysulfone and chloromethylated polysulfone with different degrees of substitution were investigated by viscometry in N,N‐dimethylformamide; we intended to use these results with more complicated structures with different properties and applications. The effects of concentration and temperature on the coil densities and dimensions and of chlorine content on the unperturbed dimension parameters are discussed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 524–531, 2006
High‐performance maleimide and nitrile‐functionalized benzoxazines with good processibility for advanced composites applications
Authors: Chaisuwan Thanyalak , Ishida Hatsuo 
Published: April 2006

AbstractA maleimide and 2‐aminobenzonitrile (MIan) based benzoxazine has been synthesized and characterized. This benzoxazine has maleimide and nitrile functionalities that can polymerize, resulting in a highly crosslinked material. Incorporation of the imide group increases the shear viscosity compared to monofunctional benzoxazines but not as high as difunctional benzoxazines, allowing good processibility, while maintaining excellent mechanical and thermal properties. Catalysts, epoxy copolymerization, and rubber interlayer methods are utilized to optimize the composite properties. The 60% carbon cloth‐reinforced resin has achieved the flexural strength over 1 GPa. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 548–558, 2006
Synthesis and characterization of oligomer from 1‐decene catalyzed by AlCl3/TiCl4/SiO2/Et2AlCl
Authors: Huang Qigu , Chen Liguo , Sheng Yaping , Ma Li , Fu Zhifeng , Yang Wantai 
Published: April 2006

AbstractOligomer of 1‐decene was synthesized with Ziegler‐Natta catalyst consisting of TiCl4, AlCl3, Et2AlCl, and SiO2 used as support. The effects of temperature, time, ratio of Al/Ti, and concentration of Ti on oligomerization behaviors were investigated. The results showed that the catalyst system was desirable for oligomerization of 1‐decene with good catalytic activity, 153.4 kg oligomer/mol Ti h, under typical conditions. The oligomer obtained was characterized with GC–MS, GC, and 13C NMR methods. The results indicated that the oligomer was of a mixture consisting of di‐, tri‐, tetra‐, and pentamer. The 13C NMR data also implied that chain propagation of this oligomer involved primarily head‐to‐tail 1, 2‐insertions, as well as head‐to‐head and tail‐to‐tail 2, 1‐insertions. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 584–590, 2006
Poly(Li‐2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐co‐poly(4‐vinyl pyridine): Molar mass effects on strong electrorheological response
Authors: Yilmaz Hasim , Unal Halil Ibrahim 
Published: April 2006

AbstractElectrorheological (ER) fluids display remarkable rheological behavior, being able to convert rapidly and repeatedly from a fluid to a solid‐like when an external electric field (E) is applied or removed. In this study, electrical and ER properties of poly(Li‐2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate)‐co‐poly(4‐vinyl pyridine), poly(Li‐HEMA)‐co‐poly(4‐VP), copolymeric salts (ionomers) were investigated. For this purpose six ionomers were synthesized with different molar masses. They were then ground‐milled for a few hours to obtain micron size ionomers. The particle sizes of the ionomers were determined by dynamic light scattering. Suspensions of ionomers were prepared in silicone oil (SO), at a series of concentrations (c = 5–30%, m/m). The gravitational stability of suspensions against sedimentation was determined at constant temperature (T = 25°C). Flow times of the suspensions were measured under no electric field (E = 0 kV/mm), and under an external applied electric field (E ≠ 0 kV/mm) strengths and a strong ER activities were observed for all the poly(Li‐HEMA)‐co‐poly(4‐VP)/SO suspensions. Further, the effects of suspension concentration, mole ratios of poly(HEMA) and poly(4‐VP), and the overall molar mass of the copolymers, shear rate, electric field strength, frequency, promoter, and temperature onto ER activities of ionomer suspensions were investigated. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1065–1074, 2006
Achieving miscible ternary polymer blends with hydrogen bonding
Authors: Hsu Wen‐Ping 
Published: April 2006

AbstractPoly(vinyl phenol) (PVPh) has previously been found to be successful in making immiscible poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)/poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) miscible. Poly(ethyl methacrylate) (PEMA) with one more methyl group than PMMA is also immiscible with PVAc. PEMA and PVAc are miscible with PVPh according to the literature. To determine whether PVPh can also cosolubilize PEMA/PVAc, PVPh samples of two different molecular weights have been mixed in this study with PEMA and PVAc to produce a ternary blend. On the basis of the calorimetry data, the ternary PEMA/PVAc/PVPh blend, regardless of the molecular weight of PVPh, has been determined to be miscible. The reason for the observed miscibility is probably that the interactions between PVAc and PVPh are similar in magnitude to those between PEMA and PVPh. A modified Kwei equation based on the binary interaction parameters proposed previously is used to describe the experimental glass‐transition temperature of the miscible ternary blend almost quantitatively well. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 643–652, 2006
Effect of pH on the properties of barium titanate slurries with an aniomic dispersant
Authors: Wu Hsin‐Hsuan , Hsu Kung‐Chung 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe colloidal stability of barium titanate (BT) aqueous suspensions with poly(acrylamide/4‐carboxylamino‐4‐oxo‐2‐butenate) (PAAM/COB) at pH 7, 9, and 12 has been investigated by means of ζ potential, adsorption, sedimentation, and particle size measurements. The isoelectric point of BT powder is at pH 4.6 and the value of ζ potential decreases as the pH of suspensions increases. The adsorption of PAAM/COB onto BT particles follows the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The saturated amount of adsorbed polymer decreases with increasing pH. In general, BT particles in basic solutions with PAAM/COB are more stabilized, and less agglomerated than those without any dispersant present. As pH is increased, the resulting ζ potential becomes more negative, although lower polymer concentration is required for monolayer coverage of particle surface. Consequently, the resulting suspensions become more stabilized, and contain powder with smaller particle size. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1082–1088, 2006
Synthesis and characterization of polypropylene reinforced with cellulose I and II fibers
Authors: Borja Yara , Rieß Gisbert , Lederer Klaus 
Published: April 2006

AbstractRecently, cellulose fiber–thermoplastic composites have played an important role in some applications. Plastics reinforced with cellulose and natural fibers have been widely studied. However, composites with regenerated cellulose have rarely been investigated. In this study, the lyocell fiber of Lenzing AG (cellulose II) and its raw material a bleached hardwood pulp (cellulose I) were used as reinforcement materials. The mechanical and thermal properties of polypropylene (PP) reinforced with pulp and lyocell fibers were characterized and compared with regard to the content of the fiber and the addition of maleated polypropylene (MAPP). PPs with cellulose I or II as a reinforcement material had similar mechanical properties. However, when MAPP was used as coupling agent, the mechanical properties of the composites were different. The crystallinity of the composites were determined by differential scanning calorimetry. Cellulose I (pulp) promoted the crystallization of PP, whereas cellulose II did not. MAPP reduced this effect in cellulose I fibers, but it induced crystallization when cellulose II (lyocell) was used as a reinforcement material. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 364–369, 2006
Atom transfer radical polymerization of methyl methacrylate initiated with a macroinitiator of poly(vinyl acetate)
Authors: Li Hong , Zhang Yong Ming , Liu Yan Gang 
Published: April 2006

AbstractWell‐defined poly(vinyl acetate‐b‐methyl methacrylate) block copolymers were successfully synthesized by the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of methyl methacrylate (MMA) in p‐xylene with CuBr as a catalyst, 2,2′‐bipyridine as a ligand, and trichloromethyl‐end‐grouped poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc–CCl3) as a macroinitiator that was prepared via the telomerization of vinyl acetate with chloroform as a telogen. The block copolymers were characterized with gel permeation chromatography, Fourier transform infrared, and 1H‐NMR. The effects of the solvent and temperature on ATRP of MMA were studied. The control over a large range of molecular weights was investigated with a high [MMA]/[PVAc–CCl3] ratio for potential industry applications. In addition, the mechanism of the polymerization was discussed. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1089–1094, 2006
Analysis of the structure and properties of polyimidoamide nanocomposite fibers containing variously modified montmorillonite
Authors: Mikołajczyk Teresa , Olejnik Magdalena 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe effect of fiber‐forming conditions on the porous structure, moisture absorption, and strength of polyimidoamide nanocomposite fibers containing montmorillonite modifiers with aminododecane acid has been assessed. It has been found that the final properties of the fibers under consideration depend not only on the parameters of the fiber forming process, but also on the type of modifier used to change the MMT properties from hydrophilic to organophylic. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1103–1108, 2006
Structure of silk fibroin fibers made by an electrospinning process from a silk fibroin aqueous solution
Authors: Wang Hong , Shao Huili , Hu Xuechao 
Published: April 2006

AbstractIn this article, the electrospun silk fibroin (SF) fibers with an average diameter of 700 nm were prepared from a concentrated aqueous solution with an electrospinning technique. The morphology, conformation, and crystalline structure of the SF fibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, respectively. The structure and morphology of the fibers were strongly influenced by the solution concentration and the processing voltage. In addition, the fiber formation parameters, including spinning velocity, elongation rate, and draw ratio, were also calculated. A kind of SF fiber with a structure between an amorphous film and a natural silk was found. We suggest that the high draw ratio was not the only factor in the transformation of SF from random‐coil and α‐helix conformations to a β‐sheet conformation. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 961–968, 2006
Catalytic activity of polymer–montmorillonite composites in chemical reactions
Authors: Akelah A. , Rehab A. , Kenawy E.‐R. , Abou Zeid M. S. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractPolymer–clay composite material has been prepared by intercalation of polymeric ammonium salt onto the montmorillonite (Na–MMT) followed by grafted polymerization of hydroxyethyl methacrylate onto amine‐terminated poly(butadiene‐co‐acrylonitrile)–montmorillonite (ATBN–MMT) intercalate. The hydroxyl groups were modified to chloromethyl groups followed by conversion to onium salts, which are suitable as phase transfer catalysis. The catalytic activities of the supported catalysts were investigated in nucleophilic reactions of thiocyanate and cyanate ions with alkyl and aryl halides. The rates of the reactions have been investigated under different factors such as the nature and structure of the support, the amount of catalyst, the solvent, and the temperature. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1121–1129, 2006
Young modulus and degree of crystallization of highly‐elongated polyoxymethylene
Authors: Takasa Kenji , Miyashita Norikazu , Takeda Kunihiko 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe physical structure of polyoxymethylene (POM) drawn into two steps by a press and a simultaneous biaxial drawing machine was studied and the drawing dependency on the degree of the crystallization, the orientation, and the modulus were analyzed. The stretching ratio by the press reached 6.0 and the tensile modulus of elasticity increased from 2.5 to 4.5 GPa. However, the degree of crystallization decreased slightly. The rupture elongation increased in the lower drawing region and it peaked when the drawing ratio was 1.7. The film stretched by 2 times was drawn by the biaxial drawing machine. The high tensile modulus of elasticity was obtained and the maximum value was 11.5 GPa at 14 times of the drawing ratio. The lamella structure of POM was supposed to loosen and become oriented to the drawing axis ambiguously by the first drawing. The lamella was highly oriented by the second stretching procedure. The tensile strength and the elongation as well as the modulus were analyzed as a function of the degree of the stretching and the crystallization. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 1223–1227, 2006
Information use as gap‐bridging: The viewpoint of sense‐making methodology
Authors: Savolainen Reijo 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe conceptual issues of information use are discussed by reviewing the major ideas of sense‐making methodology developed by Brenda Dervin. Sense‐making methodology approaches the phenomena of information use by drawing on the metaphor of gap‐bridging. The nature of this metaphor is explored by utilizing the ideas of metaphor analysis suggested by Lakoff and Johnson. First, the source domain of the metaphor is characterized by utilizing the graphical illustrations of sense‐making metaphors. Second, the target domain of the metaphor is analyzed by scrutinizing Dervin's key writings on information seeking and use. The metaphor of gap‐bridging does not suggest a substantive conception of information use; the metaphor gives methodological and heuristic guidance to posit contextual questions as to how people interpret information to make sense of it. Specifically, these questions focus on the ways in which cognitive, affective, and other elements useful for the sense‐making process are constructed and shaped to bridge the gap. Ultimately, the key question of information use studies is how people design information in context.
Modification of the membrane‐bound glucose oxidation system in Gluconobacter oxydans significantly increases gluconate and 5‐keto‐D‐gluconic acid accumulation
Authors: Merfort Marcel , Herrmann Ute , Ha Seung‐Wook , Elfari Mustafa , Bringer‐Meyer Stephanie , Görisch Helmut , Sahm Hermann 
Published: April 2006

AbstractGluconobacter oxydans DSM 2343 (ATCC 621H)catalyzes the oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid and subsequently to 5‐keto‐D‐gluconic acid (5‐KGA), a precursor of the industrially important L‐(+)‐tartaric acid. To further increase 5‐KGA production in G. oxydans, the mutant strain MF1 was used. In this strain the membrane‐bound gluconate‐2‐dehydrogenase activity, responsible for formation of the undesired by‐product 2‐keto‐D‐gluconic acid, is disrupted. Therefore, high amounts of 5‐KGA accumulate in the culture medium. G. oxydans MF1 was equipped with plasmids allowing the overexpression of the membrane‐bound enzymes involved in 5‐KGA formation. Overexpression was confirmed on the transcript and enzymatic level. Furthermore, the resulting strains overproducing the membrane‐bound glucose dehydrogenase showed an increased gluconic acid formation, whereas the overproduction of gluconate‐5‐dehydrogenase resulted in an increase in 5‐KGA of up to 230 mM. Therefore, these newly developed recombinant strains provide a basis for further improving the biotransformation process for 5‐KGA production.
Surface antibacterial characteristics of plasma‐modified polyethylene
Authors: Zhang Wei , Chu Paul K. , Ji Junhui , Zhang Yihe , Ng Shuk Ching , Yan Qing 
Published: April 2006

AbstractThe antibacterial characteristics of triclosan‐ or bronopol‐coated and plasma‐modified polyethylene (PE) are investigated. The modified PE samples exhibit excellent bactericidal effects against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus even when the bacteria concentration in the suspension is 106 colony forming units (CFU)/mL. However, when the concentration exceeds 108 CFU/mL, the materials fail to develop noticeable resistance to large amount of bacteria because of the formation of a bacterial biofilm on their surfaces. The PE treated by this relatively simple technique possesses excellent antimicrobial properties and is useful in biomedical and disinfection applications because the bacteria concentrations in most situations are well below 106 CFU/mL. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 83: 62–68, 2006This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
BaSm5[Si9Al3N20]O — A Nitridoaluminosilicate Oxide with a New Structure Type Composed of “Star‐Shaped” [N[4]((Si,Al)N3)4] Units as Secondary Building Units.
Authors: Lieb Alexandra , Schnick Wolfgang 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Synthesis of a New Phosphor Based on Rare Earth Oxycarbonate.
Authors: Koyabu Kazuhiko , Masui Toshiyuki , Tamura Shinji , Imanaka Nobuhito 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Structural and Magnetic Properties of MnIII and CuII Tetranuclear Azido Polyoxometalate Complexes: Multifrequency High‐Field EPR Spectroscopy of Cu4 Clusters with S=1 and S=2 Ground States.
Authors: Mialane Pierre , Duboc Carole , Marrot Jerome , Riviere Eric , Dolbecq Anne , Secheresse Francis 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Application of Axially Dissymmetric Ligand Recoverable with Fluorous Solvent as a Chiral Auxiliary.
Authors: Omote Masaaki , Nishimura Yuji , Sato Kazuyuki , Ando Akira , Kumadaki Itsumaro 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Vicinal Halohydrins via Dynamic Kinetic Resolution.
Authors: Ros Abel , Magriz Antonio , Dietrich Hansjoerg , Fernandez Rosario , Alvarez Elauterio , Lassaletta Jose M. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Novel C2‐Symmetric 1,1′‐Disubstituted Ferrocenyl Aziridino Alcohol Ligands: Remarkable Improvement of Enantioselectivity in the Catalytic Asymmetric Addition of Diethylzinc to Aldehydes.
Authors: Wang Min‐Can , Hou Xue‐Hui , Xu Cui‐Lian , Liu Lan‐Tao , Li Gui‐Lan , Wang De‐Kun 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Reactions of 1,2‐Bis(trimethylsilyloxy)cycloalkenes with the Diethyl Acetals of Aldehydes.
Authors: Gao Fuye , Burnell D. Jean 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Heck Reaction of Aryl Bromides with Pent‐4‐en‐2‐ol, 2‐Phenylpent‐4‐en‐2‐ol, or Hept‐6‐en‐3‐ol Catalyzed by a Palladium—Tetraphosphine Complex.
Authors: Berthiol Florian , Doucet Henri , Santelli Maurice 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
L‐Proline Amide Catalyzed Direct Asymmetric Aldol Reaction of Aldehydes with Chloroacetone.
Authors: He Long , Tang Zhuo , Cun Lin‐Feng , Mi Ai‐Qiao , Jiang Yao‐Zhong , Gong Liu‐Zhu 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Electrophilic Oxygenation with XeF2—H2O in Hydrogen Fluoride. Part 3. The Formation of Oxygen‐Containing Perfluorocyclohexadien‐1‐yliodine Tetrafluorides.
Authors: Frohn Hermann‐Josef , Bardin Vadim V. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Visible Light Induced “On Water” Benzylic Bromination with N‐Bromosuccinimide.
Authors: Podgorsek Ajda , Stavber Stojan , Zupan Marko , Iskra Jernej 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Bifunctional‐Thiourea‐Catalyzed Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective aza‐Henry Reaction.
Authors: Xu Xuenong , Furukawa Tomihiro , Okino Tomotaka , Miyabe Hideto , Takemoto Yoshiji 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Addition of Arylboronic Acids to Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Azo Compounds.
Authors: Kisseljova Ksenija , Tsubrik Olga , Sillard Rannar , Maeeorg Sirje , Maeeorg Uno 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Sequential Pd‐Catalyzed Asymmetric Allene Diboration/α‐Aminoallylation.
Authors: Sieber Joshua D. , Morken James P. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Microwave‐Enhanced Cross‐Coupling Reactions Involving Alkenyl‐ and Alkynyltrifluoroborates.
Authors: Kabalka George W. , Al‐Masum Mohammad , Mereddy Arjun R. , Dadush Eric 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.
Light Harvesting Tetrafullerene Nanoarray for Organic Solar Cells
Authors: Atienza Carmen M. , Fernandez Gustavo , Sanchez Luis , Martin Nazario , Sa Dantas Ines , Wienk Martijn M. , Janssen Rene A. J. , Aminur Rahman G. M. , Guldi Dirk M. 
Published: April 2006

AbstractChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.