bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Energy conservation uncertainly due to the use of an implicit time integration method clarified by a multiplexed TGV inviscid flow
Authors: Chitose Makoto , Suzuki Hiroki , Kouchi Toshinori 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study attempts to elucidate the conservation errors induced by the implicit time integration method within a multiscale flow. Using the multiplexed Taylor analytical solution as the initial field, three distinct multiscale turbulence fields were formulated, each characterised by different wavenumber attributes. A two-dimensional inviscid flow field, replicated in a computational domain with a side of 2π and subject to periodic boundary conditions, was used to illuminate kinetic energy conservation errors. The implicit time integration method - specifically the second-order accurate Crank-Nicolson method - was compared with explicit methods, such as the second-order accurate Adams-Bashforth and third-order accurate Runge-Kutta methods. The study also examines the differences between the analytical Taylor solution and a random flow field, particularly in their satisfaction of the Navier-Stokes equations and wavenumber composition, while highlighting the need for preliminary analysis for random flow fields prior to validation calculations.
Study of Geometries and Stability for Energy Density in Electromechanical Battery Flywheels with a Gaussian Shape
Authors: Coppede Daniel , Silva Bortoli Fabio da , Goncalves de Moura Andre Carlos , Losada Moreira Joao Manoel , Frajuca Carlos 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A study on flywheels materials and geometries is presented here with the use of finite element modeling (FEM) simulations. The study analyzes the stress behavior of flywheel rotors subject to the rotational speed that creates the maximum stress that the flywheel can support, and then calculates the rotational energy mass ratio for each geometry. The obtained geometry was Gaussian section for the Flywheel rotor. The material used in this case study is carbon fiber Hexcel UHM 12000. The best results were a rotational speed of ≈ 279.000 rpm and rotational energy density of ≈ 440 Wh/kg. Then, to increase the total energy, Flywheel with 2 and 3 rotors were analyzed. Then the stability under rotation of these Flywheels were analyzed, some instability was found and a solution was presented.
Flap Gate Weir Structural Design Using FEA
Authors: Bamrungwong Joompon 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A flap gate weir commonly use to raise the level of a river or stream. It is a device that is used to regulate the flow of water in a river. It is typically located at the upstream of the river. Basically, flap gate weir is submerged under water, so hydrostatic force acting on submerged surfaces weir. The traditional design and analysis the resultant force acting on a submerged weir surface must specify magnitude of the force, direction of the force and line action of the force all is assumed on 2D which take long time calculation and might mistake. The aims of this paper is using finite element method design and study the flap gate weir structure instead of traditional analysis. In this paper the 3D model of flap gate weir was created by SolidWorks as assembly of flap gate weir which the flap gate weir was inclined 30 degrees and imported into Ansys Workbench for boundary conditions and calculations. The result from Ansys is used to find the specific hydraulic cylinder as the system needed. And modal analysis to check the vibration of the flap gate weir. By using finite element analysis the results study is satisfy by get results faster, know total deformation, know weak point and know where reinforce pad should put in and saving cost of materials when compare with traditional analysis.
Artificial Intelligence Algorithms for Prediction and Diagnosis of Air Pollution Affecting Human Health
Authors: Garlík Bohumír , Přívětivý Jan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
The complexity and growth of data in healthcare means that artificial intelligence (AI) will be increasingly applied in this area. This article (study) de-scribes the types of AI used by care providers and life and biophysical sciences companies. This paper describes the structure of the methodology of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms and its machine learning (ML) subsystem with respect to the prediction of environmental pollution and its negative impact on humans. Key categories of AI applications focus on diagnosis and treatment or referral, patient engagement and adherence, and administrative activities. Diagnosis of diseases is a crucial and very important task of the physician in planning the right treatment and ensuring the health status of patients. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) can improve the level of diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. Indoor air quality (IAQ) is an important issue for well-being and good health, as most people spend almost all of their time in different types of buildings. Given the increasing availability of data and the rapid expansion of AI techniques, it is essential to explore the development of indoor and outdoor air quality predictions using AI techniques to improve and maintain IAQ.
Calculations of the diffusion coefficients in gases and liquids by the molecular dynamics method
Authors: Kharlamov G V 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this paper the calculation results of the diffusion coefficients in gases and liquids by the method of molecular dynamics are presented. The modified intermolecular Lennard-Jones potential has been used. The diffusion coefficients dependences on temperature and density have been calculated. Using the diffusion coefficients dependence on temperature it has been found, that the collisional mechanism in rarefied and dense gases changed for the collective one in liquids. In the field of the thermodynamics parameters of two phase coexistence, drops of liquid occur in the vapour or bubbles occur in the liquid. The comparison of the experimental data with our calculations results in a satisfactory agreement.
Generalization of numerical simulation results on the electrical coalescence threshold for two conducting droplets based on non-dimensional parameters
Authors: Chirkov V A , Kostin P A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Electrocoalescence, the physical process underlying the demulsification of a dielectric dispersion medium containing small conductive droplets (e.g., water), involves droplet merging at low electric fields and splashing at higher voltages. Understanding the physics of electrocoalescence is crucial for optimizing industrial electrocoalescers. However, mathematical modeling of these complex, multiphysics phenomena is challenging, and many published results are questionable. In this study, we utilized a previously developed reliable model for computing the threshold between electrical coalescence and non-coalescence. We investigate the applicability of dimensionless parameters, such as the Ohnesorge number and Weber electric number, to describe the coalescence threshold for uncharged droplets of equal size. Using COMSOL Multiphysics software, we analyze the dependency of the threshold electric field strength on water droplet radius and establish an equivalent dimensionless relationship. Our findings reveal that a universal Weber number quite accurately describes the threshold over a wide range of droplet radii, regardless of changes in liquid viscosity and inter-electrode gap. Direct mathematical simulations using up-to-date numerical models enable us to determine non-dimensional parameter values corresponding to the threshold electric field strength, providing generalizable results.
Discretization schemes for the two simplified global double porosity models of immiscible incompressible two-phase flow
Authors: Jurak M , Pankratov L , Vrbaški A 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We present the discretization schemes for the two simplified homogenized models of immiscible incompressible two-phase flow in double porosity media with thin fractures. The two models were derived previously by the authors by different linearizations of the nonlinear local problem called the imbibition equation which appears in the homogenized model after passage to the limit as ε → 0. The models are fully homogenized with the matrix-fracture source terms expressed as a convolution.
Numerical Investigation of Stress-Strain State Effects on Strain Measurements with Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors
Authors: Matveenko V P , Serovaev G S 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This study investigates the behaviour of resonant wavelengths of Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) inscribed within optically isotropic fibers under transverse loading, both in free and embedded conditions. A numerical-analytical approach is employed, utilizing the finite element method to calculate strain tensor components in the optical fiber core, followed by an analytical determination of resonant wavelengths and reflected FBG spectrum shape. The research demonstrates the influence of the ratio of host material and optical fiber elastic moduli on the birefringence level in FBG area under transversal loading. Based on analytical model of FBG spectrum simulation the discrepancy between analytically calculated and experimentally recorded resonant wavelength shifts in FBG embedded within isotropic material under varying transverse load levels is demonstrated.
Effects of Reynolds number and blockage ratio on the turbulence characteristics of open channel flow passing through trash rack
Authors: Kokkiligadda Gangadhar , Dhar Anirban , Reddy Hanmaiahgari Prashanth 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Trash racks are extensively used to prevent debris from being transported to down-stream reaches of waterways. However, debris accumulation at the screens can significantly affect their hydraulic performance, resulting in negative economic and environmental consequences. Basic research related to the mechanism of these physical processes is still rather limited. In this experimental study, the flow fields, including the turbulence intensities, Reynolds stresses, and turbulent kinetic energy near a trash rack in a fixed-bed open channel for subcritical flow conditions are investigated for two Reynolds numbers and two blockage ratios. The experimental study investigates the important physical mechanisms relating to turbulence generation and possible sediment deposition induced by the vertical trash rack. Reynolds number effect on time mean streamwise velocity is predominant in the trash rack’s downstream free surface layer as a higher Reynolds number flow has higher normalized streamwise velocity in the free surface layer and lower in the inner layer. In both the Reynolds number effect case and the blockage ratio effect case peak normalized turbulent kinetic energy was observed immediately downstream of the trash rack and with the increment of longitudinal distance downstream of the trash rack, normalized Turbulent kinetic energy is decreased.
Evaluation of word embedding models used for diachronic semantic change analysis
Authors: Maslennikova Yulia , Bochkarev Vladimir 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In the last decade, the quantitative analysis of diachronic changes in language and lexical semantic changes have become the subject of active research. A significant role was played by the development of new effective techniques of word embedding. This direction has been effectively demonstrated in a number of studies. Some of them have focused on the analysis of the optimal type of word2vec models, hyperparameters for training, and evaluation techniques. In this research, we used Corpus of Historical American English (COHA). The paper demonstrates the results of multiple training runs and the comparison of word2vec models with different variations of hyperparameters used for lexical semantic change detection. In addition to traditional word similarities and analogical reasoning tests, we used testing on an extended set of synonyms. We have evaluated word2vec models on the set of more than 100,000 English synsets that were randomly selected from the WordNet database. We have shown that changing the word2vec model parameters (such as a dimension of word embedding, a size of context window, a type of model, a word discard rate etc.) can significantly impact on the resulting word embedding vector space and the detected lexical semantic changes. Additionally, the results strongly depended on properties of the corpus, such as word frequency distribution.
“Middle way” in the description of ultrashort electromagnetic interactions: between Fermi’s golden rule and the numerical solution of the Schrödinger equation
Authors: Astapenko V A , Khramov E S , Bergaliyev T K 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
A simple efficient approach describing the interaction of various quantum targets with short electromagnetic (EM) pulses firstly proposed in [1] is reviewed. This approach is based on the expression for the photoprocess probability in terms of the cross section and the Fourier transform of the EM pulse. Our method makes it possible to take into account the internal dynamics of the target and the influence of the pulse parameters in a simple way. The proposed approach is used both for the probability for the entire pulse duration, and for its dependence on the current time. In addition, the developed method is applied to generalize the simulation of the population kinetics of a quantum system to take into account the dependence of the photoprocess rate on time. It is also shown that our expression for the probability of excitation of a micro-target corresponds to the formula describing the energy loss of a non-monochromatic field in a dispersive medium and can be generalized on other EM processes.
A Model to Assess the Impact of Computer Simulations and Photonics Demonstrations in Quantum Information Learning
Authors: Delgado Francisco , Anaya Alan , Jaimes-Nájera Alfonso , Enríquez-Flores Marco 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Quantum information Education is a growing area where professionals and students of diverse disciplines converge to develop proper solutions. The interest of those students is materialized seeking introductory approaches to this knowledge. Still, learning design for diverse backgrounds requires multiple approximations for theoretical contents, applications, calculation scaffolding, etc. Innovation oriented towards this effort becomes valuable due to students’ limited time for such an experience. This work presents a proposed assessment for three technical innovation initiatives in Quantum information Education based on a mathematical model proposed to measure their impact on the research products through eight dimensions. Outcomes show an explicit sustained improvement in the quality of those products, while the model lets to identify the fingerprint of each innovation through a set of eight dimensions.
A modeling study of position and orientation of hemodialysis needles and the impact on vascular access
Authors: Woraratsoontorn Pattaraweerin , Bunmun Kanyarat 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) need renal replacement therapy (RRT) and the favored method is hemodialysis (HD). An arteriovenous fistula is the preferred choice of vascular access, with two metal needles used to transfer the blood with waste to the dialysis machine and return the blood without waste from the dialysis machine to the patient’s body. However, wounds on the veins can cause blood clots which if left untreated could be life threatening. The hemodialysis needles can cause vascular wall abnormalities. The position and orientation of these needles might cause intimal hyperplasia (IH) and finally lead to blood clots. This study aims to analyze the hemodynamic effects on the vascular endothelium in AVF vascular access. A 15G needle was placed inside a vein at angles of 20°, 40°, and 90° with normal insertion and flipped needle in an idealized cephalic vein with the bore of the needle centrally located, conforming to standard cannulation practice. The 3D model created by SolidWorks consists of shaft, back eye, bevel, and vein only; the vein and 15G needle were assembled together. The mathematical model of blood rheology in this paper used Carreau’s law in the fluid domain. It was imported into Ansys CFX for calculation, a finite volume based software, which was implemented to solve the governing equations of the blood flow. The result showed that if the venous needle was not towards the venous return, a vortex appeared at the vein both upstream and downstream due to the venous needle, resulting in wall shear stress at the vein increasing significantly, and the flipped bevel seems to cause higher wall shear stress. For antegrade positioning of the vein vascular access return in the model when normally inserted, it was found that only 1% of the flow out of the back eye and vortex occurred downstream of the vein. Needles placed at a higher angle can increase wall shear stress and pressure on the vein. The flipped bevel is not significant in terms of either pressure or wall shear stress. However, when the needle is placed at a greater angle, wall shear stress and pressure on the vein were also increased. The flipped bevel caused higher wall shear stress and pressure when increasing the needle angle. Jetting from the venous needle causing intimal hyperplasia (IH) leads to blood clots, pain on the vein, and ultimately arm pain. Thus, the best cannulation procedure is for the venous needle to be toward the venous return, at a lower angle, and with the tip of the needle on the middle of the vein. Furthermore, the back eye should not be used for the venous needle but should be used for the arterial needle.
Semigroup theory and finite element method applied to a non-linear dissipative wave equation
Authors: Chávez Gino , Cortés-Vega Luis , Sotomayor Adrián 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
We study the wave equation with a non-linear dissipative term associated to a bidimensional membrane with fixed boundary. We use the semigroup theory to consider the existence and uniqueness of solutions to the problem and we implement the finite element method to analyse the vibrating evolutionary equation. In particular we use Comsol Multiphysics software with a rectangular mesh to analyze the corresponding evolutionary system. We mention that this system can appear, for example, in the diaphragm of a centrifugal pump in mining processes.
Scenario Analysis of Protest Potential Based on Simulation Modeling
Authors: Chernov Igor , Feyzov Vadim 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this study, we present a scenario-based approach to investigate the protest potential in society using mathematical tools from graph theory and simulation modeling. The research aims to construct a cognitive map that reflects key factors, such as population deprivation levels, overall well-being, social fears, trust in authority, social expectations, and stability of social structures. We report the results of a scenario analysis of the developed model, obtaining forecasted scenarios of the dynamics of society’s protest potential under various conditions and influences. At the core of this research is the examination of a complex system’s possible response to external destructive impacts, and we propose a set of measures to counteract these influences on societal dynamics. The scenario methodology combines graph theory for representing complex relationships between key factors and simulation modeling for predicting potential developmental scenarios. Conducting this study required modifying the traditional mathematical apparatus of cognitive modeling. We developed methods and algorithms for scenario-event identification of the model’s significant factors’ behavior and utilizing the results of such identification when forming complex functional relationships in the scenario model. In generating scenarios, the range of events is significantly expanded compared to traditional cognitive modeling approaches, which could have been overlooked but may be crucial for situational analysis.
Quantum Key Distribution Shared Protocol Using Teleportation and Delayed Measurement
Authors: Hernández Cinthya , Portillo Miriam , Sánchez-Gaitán Erick , Delgado Francisco , Anaya Alan 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With the rise of quantum computers, cryptographic protocols are being required to set secure communications. In the current study, a 3-party Quantum Key Distribution protocol is proposed to ensure safe communication considering ideas from BB84 and GR10 protocols against eavesdropping by using a parameterized partially entangled resource. The protocol is built so that the sender is the only one knowing the code key and the message encryption is made ongoing. Delayed measurements are applied just at the end of the protocol to decode the message effectively. The parameter of the entangled resource is used as a double control for the exchange rate of classical communications involved in the procedure. Finally, a security analysis is made, where multiple coordinated attacks could be a threat to this protocol.
Solvent effects on the optical properties of photosynthetic pigments evaluated by evolutionary optimization
Authors: Chesalin Denis D , Kurkov Vasily A , Pishchalnikov Roman Y 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
With the development of computational technologies, it became possible to do numerical simulations of the optical properties of molecules and organic crystals taking into account the modern sophisticated theoretical approaches. Our work is devoted to the study of carotenoids in different solvents. Carotenoids, being photosynthetic pigments, are located inside pigment-protein complexes and are covalently bound to the proteins. They have a wide variety and despite their relative simple structure, their optical properties remain poorly understood. Thus, their role in photosynthetic machinery is still an open question. In this study, we investigate the properties of carotenoid electronic excitations by fitting their absorption spectra considering pigments in polar and nonpolar solvents. As it is known, carotenoids have four main nuclear vibration modes. Each mode is characterized by three parameters: frequency, Huang-Rhys factor and damping factor. In particular, the Huang-Rhys factor cannot be measured experimentally. To do the modeling, we developed special software to fit experimental data using differential evolution (DE) algorithm, which allows obtaining an unambiguous solution for applied quantum models. With the help of DE, it was possible to estimate the influence of the solvent on the excited states of a pigment. Examining astaxanthin and lycopene spectra in three solvents (chloroform, hexane, ethanol), we have shown that some quantum parameters are very sensitive to the type of solvent and can be considered as markers of polarity.
Neutral current neutrino-electron scattering and generalized uncertainty principle
Authors: Twagirayezu Fidele J. 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
In this article, we study the effect of quantum gravitational corrections on neutrino electron scattering in electroweak theory SU(2)
L
× U(1)
Y
. We consider a neutrino that scatters off an electron by an exchange of a massive neutral gauge boson. In the minimal length formalism, starting from the equation of motion for a massive gauge field we obtain the propagator. And currents are obtained from the action for a massless Dirac fermion. Scattering amplitudes and differential cross sections as function of inelasticity variable y are obtained using expressions of the propagator and leptonic current. All usual expressions are recovered when the deformation parameter α tends to zero. We find that quantum gravitational effects become important only for a highly energetic process with a momentum transfer being much greater than the neutral gauge boson mass.