bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Identification of diagnostic signature, molecular subtypes, and potential drugs in allergic rhinitis based on an inflammatory response gene set
Authors: Dai Jun , Xia Keyu , Huai De , Li Shuo , Zhou Lili , Wang Shoufeng , Chen Li 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundRhinitis is a complex condition characterized by various subtypes, including allergic rhinitis (AR), which involves inflammatory reactions. The objective of this research was to identify crucial genes associated with inflammatory response that are relevant for the treatment and diagnosis of AR.MethodsWe acquired the AR-related expression datasets (GSE75011 and GSE50223) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. In GSE75011, we compared the gene expression profiles between the HC and AR groups and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs). By intersecting these DEGs with inflammatory response-related genes (IRGGs), resulting in the identification of differentially expressed inflammatory response-related genes (DIRRGs). Afterwards, we utilized the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network, machine learning algorithms, namely least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and random forest, to identify the signature markers. We employed a nomogram to evaluate the diagnostic effectiveness of the method, which has been confirmed through validation using GSE50223. qRT-PCR was used to confirm the expression of diagnostic genes in clinical samples. In addition, a consensus clustering method was employed to categorize patients with AR. Subsequently, extensive investigation was conducted to explore the discrepancies in gene expression, enriched functions and pathways, as well as potential therapeutic drugs among these distinct subtypes.ResultsA total of 22 DIRRGs were acquired, which participated in pathways including chemokine and TNF signaling pathway. Additionally, machine learning algorithms identified NFKBIA, HIF1A, MYC, and CCRL2 as signature genes associated with AR’s inflammatory response, indicating their potential as AR biomarkers. The nomogram based on feature genes could offer clinical benefits to AR patients. We discovered two molecular subtypes, C1 and C2, and observed that the C2 subtype exhibited activation of immune- and inflammation-related pathways.ConclusionsNFKBIA, HIF1A, MYC, and CCRL2 are the key genes involved in the inflammatory response and have the strongest association with the advancement of disease in AR. The proposed molecular subgroups could provide fresh insights for personalized treatment of AR.
TGIF2 is a potential biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of glioma
Authors: Zhang Wan , Zhang Long , Dong Huanhuan , Peng Hang 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundTGFB-induced factor homeobox 2 (TGIF2), a member of the Three-Amino-acid-Loop-Extension (TALE) superfamily, has been implicated in various malignant tumors. However, its prognostic significance in glioma, impact on tumor immune infiltration, and underlying mechanisms in glioma development remain elusive.MethodsThe expression of TGIF2 in various human normal tissues, normal brain tissues, and gliomas was investigated using HPA, TCGA, GTEx, and GEO databases. The study employed several approaches, including Kaplan-Meier analysis, ROC analysis, logistic regression, Cox regression, GO analysis, KEGG analysis, and GSEA, to explore the relationship between TGIF2 expression and clinicopathologic features, prognostic value, and potential biological functions in glioma patients. The impact of TGIF2 on tumor immune infiltration was assessed through Estimate, ssGSEA, and Spearman analysis. Genes coexpressed with TGIF2 were identified, and the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of these coexpressed genes were constructed using the STRING database and Cytoscape software. Hub genes were identified using CytoHubba plugin, and their clinical predictive value was explored. Furthermore, in vitro experiments were performed by knocking down and knocking out TGIF2 using siRNA and CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, and the role of TGIF2 in glioma cell invasion and migration was analyzed using transwell assay, scratch wound-healing assay, RT-qPCR, and Western blot.ResultsTGIF2 mRNA was found to be upregulated in 21 cancers, including glioma. High expression of TGIF2 was associated with malignant phenotypes and poor prognosis in glioma patients, indicating its potential as an independent prognostic factor. Furthermore, elevated TGIF2 expression positively correlated with cell cycle regulation, DNA synthesis and repair, extracellular matrix (ECM) components, immune response, and several signaling pathways that promote tumor progression. TGIF2 showed correlations with Th2 cells, macrophages, and various immunoregulatory genes. The hub genes coexpressed with TGIF2 demonstrated significant predictive value. Additionally, in vitro experiments revealed that knockdown and knockout of TGIF2 inhibited glioma cell invasion, migration and suppressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenotype.ConclusionTGIF2 emerges as a potential biomarker for glioma, possibly linked to tumor immune infiltration and EMT.
Detecting communities at high-risk of IUU fishing: networks of shadow encounters in Area 81 of the Western Central Pacific
Authors: Bichler Gisela , Petrossian Gohar A. , Viramontes Kierston , Marteache Nerea 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionIllegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing is a serious environmental crime with severe economic, social, and security implications. Efforts to monitor IUU fishing could be enhanced by using patterns of at-sea transshipment of fish to detect illicit subgroups.MethodsUsing data from Global Fishing Watch, this study investigates repeat transshipment events among vessels observed to operate in the U.N. FAO Area 81 during 2015-2021. Ship-to-ship transfer networks mapping potential encounters among 30 refrigerated cargo vessels (carriers) and 613 fishing vessels exhibit distinct communities that extend beyond this region.ResultsHighly central, carriers associated with open registries (flags of convenience) and exhibiting high operational deficiencies form networks that shadow the activities of national fleets.DiscussionObserved between group linkages among vessels draw attention to these parallel trade currents embedding regional activity into the larger fishing industry, providing a focus for monitoring and conservation efforts.
Progress on the biological characteristics and physiological activities of fucoxanthin produced by marine microalgae
Authors: Gong Bing , Ma Silu , Yan Yajun , Wang Zhaokai 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundFucoxanthin is a carotenoid found in seaweed. Its unique chemical structure gives it a variety of properties. Thus fucoxanthin have attracted the attention of companies and researchers.MethodsScientific papers were collected from the database. Duplicates and unavailable literature were excluded first. Then the remaining literature was categorized for referencing in the review.ResultsThis article contains a summary of the microalgae species producing fucoxanthin and their progress in breeding and cultivation modes. Additionally, the review summarized the progress of research on physiological activities and organized the experimental models used in these studies.ConclusionsThese present findings may provide information for the upstream production of fucoxanthin from algal species selection to process optimization. The analysis of the physiological activity results will help advance subsequent physiological and biochemical experiments. Furthermore, it intends to pique researchers’ enthusiasm for fucoxanthin and enrich related research data to accelerate the development of this natural product.
Development of high-yielding white maize hybrids with better chapatti-making quality compared to traditionally used local landraces
Authors: Arora Arushi , Das Abhijit Kumar , Kumar Ramesh , Sharma Savita , Kaur Navjot , Dixit Shubhank , Kaur Yashmeet , Saxena D. C. , Rakshit Sujay 
Published: February 2024

IntroductionThe present research focuses on the chapatti making quality of high-yielding white maize hybrids compared to available low-yielding local yellow and white landraces in India.Materials and methodsIn this study, the top nine superior hybrids were selected for testing the physical properties of the maize kernels, proximate composition of flours and chapattis, physical parameters of chapatti, textural properties, sensory evaluation of chapattis and pasting properties of maize flour.Results and discussionThe results revealed the superiority of white maize hybrids (WMH), viz., WHM 1, WHM 2, and WHM 8 over the local yellow and white landraces for most of the parameters studied. In sensory analysis, though, the yellow landrace was considered superior by the panellists in terms of colour but the white maize hybrids outperformed in overall sensory analysis and were more acceptable than the yellow and white maize landraces. These high yielding white maize hybrids with good consumer acceptance may cater for the needs of rural and tribal populations in India who prefer white maize as a staple food.
A comparison of the time course of action and laryngeal mask airway insertion conditions with different doses of mivacurium for day-case urologic surgery in children: a prospective cohort study
Authors: Ye Hong , Nian Chunmiao , Zhou Lijun , Xie Yuman , Li Fan , Xue Tao , Han Xueping 
Published: February 2024

ObjectiveTo investigate the time course of action of different doses of mivacurium and determine the appropriate dose for laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion for day-case urologic surgery in children.MethodsA total of 105 patients who enrolled in this study between March 2021 and December 2021 were randomised into 3 groups: Group A (mivacurium 0.15 mg/kg, n = 35), Group B (mivacurium 0.20 mg/kg, n = 35) and Group C (mivacurium 0.25 mg/kg, n = 35). The different doses of mivacurium were injected before LMA insertion. The primary outcomes included the grading of conditions for the LMA insertion-18 score, onset time, recovery index and the duration that mivacurium was effective. Secondary outcomes included pulse oxygen saturation, mean blood pressure, heart rate and the incidence of adverse events.ResultsThe score of the conditions for LMA insertion in Group A was significantly lower than in Groups C and B (p &lt; 0.005). There was a significant difference in the onset time between Groups B and A (p &lt; 0.005). There was no significant difference in the overall incidence of adverse reactions between these groups (p &gt; 0.05).ConclusionAnaesthesia with 0.2 mg/kg of mivacurium can effectively shorten the onset time and facilitate insertion of the LMA in children undergoing day-case urologic surgery.
On propagation in networks, promising models beyond network diffusion to describe degenerative brain diseases and traumatic brain injuries
Authors: Vergni Davide , Stolfi Paola , Pascarella Annalisa 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Connections among neurons form one of the most amazing and effective network in nature. At higher level, also the functional structures of the brain is organized as a network. It is therefore natural to use modern techniques of network analysis to describe the structures of networks in the brain. Many studies have been conducted in this area, showing that the structure of the neuronal network is complex, with a small-world topology, modularity and the presence of hubs. Other studies have been conducted to investigate the dynamical processes occurring in brain networks, analyzing local and large-scale network dynamics. Recently, network diffusion dynamics have been proposed as a model for the progression of brain degenerative diseases and for traumatic brain injuries.Methods: In this paper, the dynamics of network diffusion is re-examined and reaction-diffusion models on networks is introduced in order to better describe the degenerative dynamics in the brain.Results: Numerical simulations of the dynamics of injuries in the brain connectome are presented. Different choices of reaction term and initial condition provide very different phenomenologies, showing how network propagation models are highly flexible.Discussion: The uniqueness of this research lies in the fact that it is the first time that reaction-diffusion dynamics have been applied to the connectome to model the evolution of neurodegenerative diseases or traumatic brain injury. In addition, the generality of these models allows the introduction of non-constant diffusion and different reaction terms with non-constant parameters, allowing a more precise definition of the pathology to be studied.
Retrospective analysis of pediatric sepsis and the burden of antimicrobial resistance in Duhok, Kurdistan Region of Iraq
Authors: Ibrahim Delveen R. , Saadi Abdulrhaman T. , Yahya Nizar B. , Ibrahim Marwa S. , Saeed Ali Y. , Abdulaziz Sawsan S. , Hasqyal Revan Y. , Alarsalani Berivan K. , Ibrahim Khalid S. 
Published: February 2024

Introduction: Sepsis is a life-threatening complication in pediatric patients. This study primarily aimed to investigate sepsis-causing bacteria and their antimicrobial resistance profile and check the change in the antimicrobial resistance trend for some selected bacteria. In addition, we evaluated the incidence of sepsis, the related mortality rate, and the effectiveness and outcome of the treatment regimes in sepsis pediatric patients.Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 4-year data (2018–2021) collected from three intensive care units at the Hevi Pediatric Teaching Hospital. Sepsis screening involved clinical detection and confirmation by blood culture.Results: A total of 520 out of 1,098 (47.35%) blood samples showed positive microbial growth. A decrease in sepsis rate was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CoNS) and Klebsiella pneumonia were the most commonly isolated bacteria. A notable variation in the antimicrobial resistance trend was observed among sepsis-causing bacteria. The empirical sepsis treatment recommended by the WHO was ineffective, as certain bacteria exhibited 100% resistance to every antibiotic tested. The mortality rate significantly increased from 1.3% in 2018 to 16.5% in 2021.Discussion: The antimicrobial resistance profile of sepsis causing bacteria is of concerns, indicating a potentially serious situation. Thus, to avoid treatment failure, the monitoring of antimicrobial resistance in pediatric patients is essential.
Single-petal rosette trajectory for 2D functional lung imaging
Authors: Frantz Hanna , Speidel Tobias , Rasche Volker 
Published: February 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of a 2D rosette trajectory for breath-hold and free-breathing real-time imaging of the lungs.Methods: Eight healthy volunteers underwent breath-hold magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using two different parametrizations of the proposed single-petal rosette (SPR) trajectory, as well as radial ultra-short echo time (UTE) acquisition combined with the tiny golden-angle acquisition scheme. The additional free-breathing acquisitions of all trajectories were performed. The proposed technique was compared with the conventional radial UTE technique regarding image sharpness, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), regional fractional ventilation (FV) for breath-hold and retrospective image-based self-gating, and real-time imaging capabilities.Results: Image sharpness significantly increased for gated SPR images compared to radial UTE for the end-expiratory stage; no significant difference was found for the self-gated end-inspiratory stage and the breath-hold acquisitions. The SPR trajectory performs significantly better than radial UTE concerning the SNR for breath-hold imaging, whereas no significant difference was found for self-gated images. Fractional ventilation values were comparable between SPR and radial UTE. The SPR real-time data showed a marked reduction in the aliasing artifacts with no apparent streaks.Conclusion: The second half of the petal of the SPR trajectory accomplishes rephasing while acquiring non-redundant k-space data, thus leading to a more efficient sampling of the k-space than that with the radial UTE sampling scheme, with a minimal increase in TR. This leads to the need of less read-outs to achieve the same SNR values and, thus, a reduction in scan time. For real-time application, the SPR approach resulted in a marked reduction of aliasing artifacts when compared to UTE.
Psychological and social determinants of adaptation: the impact of finances, loneliness, information access and chronic stress on resilience activation
Authors: Saltzman Leia Y. , Hansel Tonya Cross 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundMany people who face adversity, such as disasters, demonstrate resilience. However, less is known about reactions to large scale disasters with longer recovery periods. The concern is that protracted disasters may result in more chronic or accumulated stressors with an uncertain or unknown end point and can exhaust the natural coping methods and ability to rebound. Thus, understanding patterns of longer-term disaster recovery, inclusive of resilience, is needed. Further resilience is not individual specific rather social determinants, such as support networks and available resources, are contributing factors.MethodsThe purpose of this study is to improve understanding of mental health and resilience during increased stress, we aim to identify profiles of adaptation and psychological and social determinants that predict membership within predominant symptom groupings. We conducted an exploratory cross-section study (N = 334) with two phases of multivariate analysis. Latent profile models were estimated to identify groups based on depression, anxiety, and resilience scores. The second phase included a step-wise multinomial logistic regression to predict class membership.ResultsWe identified four distinct groups: 33% of participants were categorized as anxious, 18% depressed, 9% comorbid, and 40% with above average levels of resilience. Psychosocial factors such as demographics, trauma history, information access, loneliness, and lack of financial resources predicted poorer mental health outcomes and lower resilience.ConclusionThis study identified factors that contribute to overall wellbeing despite chronic stressors. Social determinants of adaptation, found in this study population, include loneliness, finances, and information access. The findings from this study support the need for both psychological and social adaption supports, inclusive of mental health treatment, to strengthen resilience activation.
Genetic risk for hospitalization of African American patients with severe mental illness reveals HLA loci
Authors: Lori Adriana , Pearce Brad D. , Katrinli Seyma , Carter Sierra , Gillespie Charles F. , Bradley Bekh , Wingo Aliza P. , Jovanovic Tanja , Michopoulos Vasiliki , Duncan Erica , Hinrichs Rebecca C. , Smith Alicia , Ressler Kerry J. 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundMood disorders such as major depressive and bipolar disorders, along with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), schizophrenia (SCZ), and other psychotic disorders, constitute serious mental illnesses (SMI) and often lead to inpatient psychiatric care for adults. Risk factors associated with increased hospitalization rate in SMI (H-SMI) are largely unknown but likely involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and socio-behavioral factors. We performed a genome-wide association study in an African American cohort to identify possible genes associated with hospitalization due to SMI (H-SMI).MethodsPatients hospitalized for psychiatric disorders (H-SMI; n=690) were compared with demographically matched controls (n=4467). Quality control and imputation of genome-wide data were performed following the Psychiatric Genetic Consortium (PGC)-PTSD guidelines. Imputation of the Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) locus was performed using the HIBAG package.ResultsGenome-wide association analysis revealed a genome-wide significant association at 6p22.1 locus in the ubiquitin D (UBD/FAT10) gene (rs362514, p=9.43x10-9) and around the HLA locus. Heritability of H-SMI (14.6%) was comparable to other psychiatric disorders (4% to 45%). We observed a nominally significant association with 2 HLA alleles: HLA-A*23:01 (OR=1.04, p=2.3x10-3) and HLA-C*06:02 (OR=1.04, p=1.5x10-3). Two other genes (VSP13D and TSPAN9), possibly associated with immune response, were found to be associated with H-SMI using gene-based analyses.ConclusionWe observed a strong association between H-SMI and a locus that has been consistently and strongly associated with SCZ in multiple studies (6p21.32-p22.1), possibly indicating an involvement of the immune system and the immune response in the development of severe transdiagnostic SMI.
Relationship of autistic traits and the severity of fear of the COVID-19 pandemic in the general population
Authors: Bieczek Dominika , Ściślicka Adrianna , Bobowska Agnieszka , Tomsia Filip , Wilczyński Krzysztof Maria , Janas-Kozik Małgorzata 
Published: February 2024

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to investigate the level of fear of the COVID-19 pandemic and to detect a possible correlation between the autistic traits and the level of fear and to learn about other factors that may affect the level of fear.MethodsThe study utilised a questionnaire and was conducted online in the period from 16.02.2021 to 11.06.2021. The test group consisted of 214 respondents with an average age of 23.78 years (95%CI: 22.48 – 25.08; max: 61, min: 14) from the general population. The study used The Autism-Spectrum Quotient (AQ) questionnaire to assess the degree of autistic traits in the general population and The Fear of COVID-19 Scale, which was used to assess the level of fear of COVID-19.ResultsAmong the respondents, 9 people scored ≥32 on the AQ test and were considered to have a high degree of autistic traits. In multiple regression (R2 = 0.1, p&lt;0.0001), a positive relationship between the severity of fear of COVID-19 and the autistic traits (p=0.01) and age (p&lt;0.001) was obtained. Additionally, a second multiple regression (R2 = 0.1, p&lt;0.000001) including the subscales of AQ was performed and a positive relationship between the severity of fear of COVID-19 and the difficulties in attention switching (p=0.0004) and age (p=0.00001) was obtained.ConclusionPeople with higher autistic traits present greater fear of the COVID-19 pandemic. We suggest that it might be caused by cognitive stiffness and disorders in emotions regulation, according to the literature. The elderly also present higher levels of fear. The other variables did not affect the level of fear of the COVID-19 pandemic.