bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
In vivo mapping of substance P receptors in brains of laboratory animals by high‐resolution imaging systems
Authors: Haneda Eisuke , Higuchi Makoto , Maeda Jun , Inaji Motoki , Okauchi Takashi , Ando Kiyoshi , Obayashi Shigeru , Nagai Yuji , Narazaki Michiko , Ikehira Hiroo , Nakao Ryuji , Zhang Ming‐Rong , Suzuki Kazutoshi , Suzuki Hidenori , Suhara Tetsuya 
Published: January 2007

AbstractNeurotransmission mediated by substance P (SP) and NK1receptor has been implicated in the pathophysiology of analgesia, emesis and diverse neuropsychiatric conditions including depression and anxiety disorder. Several lines of clinical trials using NK1receptor antagonists have been conducted to date, and the efficiency of preclinical assessments for proof of concept and dose optimization could be greatly increased by configuring an in vivo analytical system that permits quantitative mapping of NK1receptors in the brains of small‐size laboratory animals expressing “human‐like” NK1receptors. Hence, we investigated the applicability of experimental animals, ranging from rodents to primates, to positron emission tomographic (PET) measurements with [18F]fluoroethyl‐SPA‐RQ, a modification of a recently established radioligand for NK1receptors. A pharmacokinetic assay could be performed for a rhesus monkey in an awake condition, which allows the circumvention of influences of anesthesia on SP neurotransmission. Coregistration of PET and magnetic resonance images acquired by small‐animal‐dedicated devices enabled detailed localization of NK1receptors in the gerbil and marmoset brains. The present study also revealed the potentials of SDZ NKT 343 as an antagonist for central NK1receptors. In conjunction with additional in vitro and ex vivo autoradiographic observations, our in vivo results have demonstrated a similarity in the binding pattern among the animals examined, justifying cross‐species extrapolation of PET findings on the SP‐NK1pathway. Synapse 61:205–215, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Waved‐1 mutant mice are hypersensitive to the locomotor actions of cocaine
Authors: Stanwood Gregg D. , Levitt Pat 
Published: January 2007

AbstractTransforming growth factor‐α (TGFα) is a well‐known regulator of many developmental processes, and is expressed heavily in basal forebrain and striatal regions. When TGFα is reduced in Waved‐1 (Wa‐1) mutant mice, brain anatomy, biogenic amines, stress response, and behavior are normal prior to, but altered following puberty. As an initial screen for possible alterations in nigrostriatal and mesolimbic dopamine (DA) systems, we tested adult Wa‐1 mutant mice in an open field, following acute injection with cocaine (15 mg/kg). Wa‐1 mice exhibited significantly greater ambulatory distance, number of ambulatory episodes, and cocaine‐induced motor stereotypies than do controls. These data indicate that adult Wa‐1 mice are hypersensitive to the locomotor effects of cocaine and provide a new potential link between neurodevelopmental processes and adult psychostimulant responsiveness. Synapse 61:259–262, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Dopamine activity in the occipital and temporal cortices of rats: Dissociating effects of sensory but not pharmacological stimulation
Authors: Müller Christian P. , Huston Joseph P. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractLittle is known about the functional role of DA in other cortical areas than in the prefrontal cortex. Here we demonstrate that visual stimulation increases DA activity as measured by in vivo microdialysis in the occipital, but not in the temporal cortex of freely moving rats. Auditory stimulation neither acutely affected DA in the occipital nor in the temporal cortex. A pharmacological challenge with cocaine (0, 5, 10, 20 mg/kg; i.p.) increased DA levels in both areas dose‐dependently. These data suggest that DA might play a role in visual processing selectively in the occipital cortex. Furthermore, the results indicate that DA in both regions may contribute to cocaine's behavioral effects. Synapse 61:254–258, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mass spectrometric identification of covalently bound cell wall proteins from the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Authors: de Groot Piet W. J. , Yin Qing Yuan , Weig Michael , Sosinska Grazyna J. , Klis Frans M. , de Koster Chris G. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe cell wall of Schizosaccharomyces pombe is bilayered, consisting of an inner layer of mainly polysaccharides and an outer layer of galactomannoproteins. We present a detailed analysis of the cell wall proteome. Six covalently‐bound cell wall proteins (CWPs) were identified using tandem mass spectrometry, including four predicted GPI‐dependent CWPs (Gas1p, Gas5p, Ecm33p and Pwp1p) and two alkali‐sensitive CWPs (Psu1p and Asl1p). Gas1p and Gas5p belong to glycoside hydrolase family 72, and are believed to be involved in 1,3‐β‐glucan elongation. Ecm33p belongs to a ubiquitous fungal protein family with an unknown but crucial function in cell wall integrity. Pwp1p is an abundant protein with an unknown but probably non‐enzymatic function. All four CWPs were present in HF‐pyridine extracts, indicating that they are linked via a phosphodiester bridge to the glucan network. Psu1p is a homologue of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sun family, whereas Asl1p has no homologues in S. cerevisiae but is related to Aspergillus fumigatus and Ustilago maydis proteins. Finally, although the protein content of Sz. pombe cell walls is only slightly less than in S. cerevisiae and Candida albicans, the amount of carbohydrate added to the proteins was found to be two‐ to three‐fold decreased, consistent with earlier reported differences in outer chain N‐glycosylation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Tuning of the Cloud Point of Promethazine Hydrochloride with Surfactants and Polymers
Authors: Sayem Alam Md. , Naqvi Andleeb Z. , Kabir‐ud‐Din  
Published: January 2007

AbstractThe effect of additives (surfactants and polymers) and pH on the clouding behavior of promethazine hydrochloride (PMT, a phenothiazine drug) was investigated. Cloud point (CP) decreases with increase in pH due to deprotonation of drug molecules. The same trend occurs in the presence of surfactants. However, at constant pH, and depending on their structure and nature, these additives behave differently. Anionic surfactants show peaked behavior, whereas cationic (conventional as well as geminis) and non‐ionic surfactants increase the CP, although the mechanisms differ. Cationic surfactants hinder drug association (due to interaggregate repulsion) resulting in an increase in CP, while non‐ionic surfactants form mixed micelles with the drug, increasing micelle hydration and CP. Polymers can cause both a decrease as well as an increase in CP, depending on their molecular weight. A large CP increase (with the increase in surfactant concentration) for gemini surfactants suggests they are excellent candidates for drug delivery.
Highly Sensitive Determination of Diverse Ceramides in Human Hair Using Reversed‐Phase High‐Performance Liquid Chromatography–Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
Authors: Masukawa Yoshinori , Tsujimura Hisashi 
Published: January 2007

AbstractSince ceramides (CERs) play roles in signal transduction and cell regulation, CERs of human hair might be responsible for apoptosis during keratinization, in addition to their structural barrier and water‐holding functions. Although, we previously developed a method for comprehensive profiling of the CERs in hair, that method was too insensitive to quantitatively characterize the CERs in a small amount of hair samples. The aim of this study was to develop a novel method for the highly sensitive determination of the diverse CERs. The method developed is negative ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI‐MS) coupled to reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography (RP‐HPLC) using methanol containing 10 mM ammonium acetate as a mobile phase. By this method, 48 peaks derived from 73 kinds of CERs were simultaneously determined in selected ion monitoring measurement using one calibration line of the standard N‐palmitoyl dihydrosphigosine, based on extremely small differences in the molar responses among different species of CERs, followed by the calculation of the actual levels using corrections for 13C and 2H effects. This method had extremely high sensitivity as indicated in the limit of quantification being in the femtomolar range. Other quantitative validation data, such as reproducibility, linearity and recoveries, were all sufficient. The quantitative levels of CERs determined by RP‐HPLC–ESI‐MS were comparable with those determined by thin‐layer chromatography. This method was successfully applied to the characterization of levels of CERs in only 1‐mm pieces derived from a single hair fiber and revealed the presence of interindividual and intraindividual variations of the CER composition. This RP‐HPLC–ESI‐MS method can be a powerful tool for future research on physicochemical and physiological roles of CERs in hair.
Mechanisms of adrenosensitivity in capsaicin induced hyperalgesia
Authors: Schattschneider Jörn , zum Buttel Insa , Binder Andreas , Wasner Gunnar , Hedderich Jürgen , Baron Ralf 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIt is well known that iontophoresis of norepinephrine in capsaicin treated skin is followed by an increase in thermal hyperalgesia. It is unclear if this action on nocicepitive afferents involves the release of prostaglandins. The aim of the present study was to determine: (1) the effect of norepinephrine iontophoresis on spontaneous and evoked pain in the human skin after topical application of capsaicin; (2) the effect of cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition on changes in pain perception induced by norepinephrine application.Methods: Ten volunteers were included in the study. Iontophoresis of norepinephrine or saline was performed in a randomized cross over design on the volar aspect of the forearm after topical application of capsaicin. In the second part of the study single iv. injections of saline or acetylsalicylic acid were performed in a randomized double blind cross over design. After the injection norepinephrine iontophoresis was performed on the skin treated with topical capsaicin. Spontaneous pain, mechanical hyperalgesia as well as warm and heat pain thresholds were measured before and after each iontophoresis.Results: Norepinephrine did enhance spontaneous pain and mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in capsaicin treated skin. Inhibition of COX I and II had no effect on the norepinephrine induced changes in pain perception.Conclusion: The results do not support the assumption that in human skin sensitized by topical capsaicin application of norepinephrine acts on nociceptive afferents via the release of prostaglandins. Thus, a direct action of norepinephrine on adrenergic receptors in the membrane of the afferent fibers is most likely.
Impact of eBusiness technologies on operational performance: The role of production information integration in the supply chain
Authors: Devaraj Sarv , Krajewski Lee , Wei Jerry C. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractWhile the information technology (IT) literature is mixed regarding the direct benefits of eBusiness technologies on performance, the impact of such technologies on supply chain practices remains largely an unexplored area of research. We hypothesize that while there may be no direct benefit of eBusiness technologies on performance, these technologies might support customer integration and supplier integration in the supply chain, which in turn might impact operating performance.To examine our hypotheses, we collected data from respondents who focused their responses to a single major product the process that manufactures it, a significant customer, and an important supplier. Our analyses showed that there was no direct benefit of eBusiness technologies on performance; however these technologies supported customer integration and supplier integration. Further, supplier integration was found to positively impact cost, quality, flexibility, and delivery performance; however there was no relationship between customer integration and performance. Consequently, there is a relationship between eBusiness technologies and supplier integration that leads to better performance. Further, there is an interactive effect between customer integration and supplier integration that supports the notion that firms that have both forms of integration, supported by eBusiness technologies, significantly outperform the others.
Antecedents of supply chain visibility in retail supply chains: A resource‐based theory perspective
Authors: Barratt Mark , Oke Adegoke 
Published: January 2007

AbstractAlthough visibility has become a popular buzzword in the supply chain literature it remains an ill‐defined and poorly understood concept. It is assumed that if companies across supply chains have visibility of demand, inventory levels, processes, etc., that organizational performance improves. This research explores the antecedents of high levels of supply chain visibility from a resource‐based theory perspective across five different external supply chain linkages. We find that the level of visibility across these linkages differs considerably based on various contributing factors which are both technology and non‐technology based. Using resource‐based theory, we identify those factors that can give a sustainable competitive advantage to a supply chain linkage through a “distinctive” or high level of visibility.
Utilizing e‐business technologies in supply chains: The impact of firm characteristics and teams
Authors: Johnson P. Fraser , Klassen Robert D. , Leenders Michiel R. , Awaysheh Amrou 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThis paper presents findings from an exploratory study that analyzes the drivers and outcomes of e‐business technology use in the supply chain. Using a combination of case studies and survey data from a diverse sample of industries, the research examines how industry context, firm characteristics and firm‐level strategic resources, such as purchasing teams, influence the exploitation of e‐business technologies and the relationship between e‐business technology use and firm performance. Based on a synthesis of related literatures from transaction cost economics and the relational view of the supply chain, a two‐dimensional framework for e‐business technology is proposed with transactional and relational dimensions. However, empirical analysis indicated that transactional technologies can be further subdivided into two factors: dyadic cooperation and price determination. Significant differences were found between the two dimensions in terms of their overall levels of adoption, with dyadic coordination being the most widely adopted. In addition, the development of strategic resources expanded, in particular internal and customer teams, the use of e‐business technologies expanded. Purchasing organizational structure and firm size also were positively related to the adoption of transactional e‐business technologies. Finally, of particular importance to practitioners, e‐business technologies targeted at reducing dyadic coordination costs lead to improved financial performance.
B2B seller competence: Construct development and measurement using a supply chain strategy lens
Authors: Rosenzweig Eve D. , Roth Aleda V. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIn less than a decade, Internet‐enabled business‐to‐business (B2B) commerce has become central to supply chain management. But little is known about the infrastructural competencies required for manufacturers engaged in Internet‐enabled activities with downstream business customers. This paper aims to take a first step in operationalizing a set of new, multi‐item measures that tap into infrastructural (or “soft”) competencies required for leveraging B2B commerce.We use a structured, two‐stage approach to develop and refine a set of constructs, items, and new multi‐item measurement scales in order to rigorously evaluate their measurement properties. By drawing upon the literature as well as extensive interviews with expert practitioners, we define and measure the salient infrastructural competencies – termedB2B seller competence(B2B‐SC) – associated with the seller‐side of Internet‐enabled commerce. We find that the conceptual domain of B2B‐SC comprises seven theoretically important dimensions: (1) technical skills, (2) change disposition, (3) conflict management, (4) market acuity, (5) coordinated logistics, (6) knowledge channels, and (7) fluid partnering. Operational indicators that tap into constructs pertaining to each B2B‐SC dimension are developed through an iterative process.In the second stage, we conduct a field study to more fully assess the measurement properties of item and scale reliability and validity using a covariance structure framework. The results indicate that our new scales exhibit sufficient psychometric properties, which make them useful for theory building, testing, and the refinement of supply chain strategy paradigms in the emerging area of B2B commerce.
Supply chain practice and information sharing
Authors: Zhou Honggeng , Benton W.C. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractEffective supply chain practice and information sharing enhances the current supply chain management environment. The purpose of this study is to investigate the integration of information sharing and supply chain practice in supply chain management. Data from 125 North American manufacturing firms were collected. The results show that (1) effective information sharing significantly enhances effective supply chain practice; (2) supply chain dynamism has significant positive influence on effective information sharing as well as effective supply chain practice. Supply chain dynamism has more influence on information sharing than supply chain practice; (3) and effective supply chain practice becomes more important when the level of information sharing increases. The findings show that both effective information sharing and effective supply chain practice are critical in achieving good supply chain performance.
Sustainable supply chains: An introduction
Authors: Linton Jonathan D. , Klassen Robert , Jayaraman Vaidyanathan 
Published: January 2007

AbstractConsideration is given to the convergence of supply chains and sustainability. In doing so, the focus on environmental management and operations is moved from local optimization of environmental factors to consideration of the entire supply chain during the production, consumption, customer service and post‐disposal disposition of products. This is a critical and timely topic that captures increasing concerns over sustainability, whether driven by current legislation, public interest, or competitive opportunity. As such, sustainable development is a rich area for academic research that is still in its infancy and has the potential to affect future government policy, current production operations, and identify new business models. This paper provides a background to better understand current trends in this multidisciplinary field that intersect with operations management, and the research opportunities and challenges it presents.
Integrating sustainable development in the supply chain: The case of life cycle assessment in oil and gas and agricultural biotechnology
Authors: Matos Stelvia , Hall Jeremy 
Published: January 2007

AbstractIt is widely accepted that firms play an important stewardship role in addressing sustainable development concerns. A key challenge in this role is to balance the often conflicting pressures created by sustainable development—firm‐level economic performance versus environmental degradation and social disruption. Drawing on complexity theory, risk management, stakeholder theory and the innovation dynamics literature, we discuss the problems of integrating sustainable development concerns in the supply chain, specifically the applicability of life cycle assessment (LCA). Many authors have emphasized the importance of the “cradle to grave” approach of LCA in optimizing closed‐loop supply chains, improving product design and stewardship. Based on two case studies (an agricultural biotechnology and an oil and gas company) with supporting data collected from key stakeholders, we argue that sustainable development pressures have increased complexities and presented ambiguous challenges that many current environmental management techniques cannot adequately address. We provide a framework that addresses these deficiencies and discuss implications for practitioners and management theory.
Competitive strategy in remanufacturing and the impact of take‐back laws
Authors: Webster Scott , Mitra Supriya 
Published: January 2007

AbstractThis paper examines the impact of take‐back laws within a manufacturer/remanufacturer competitive framework. Take‐back laws require that firms take responsibility for the collection/disposal costs of their products. We consider two alternative implementations of take‐back laws that are distinguished by the degree of control that the manufacturer has on returns sold to the remanufacturer. In one implementation, known as collective WEEE take‐back, the manufacturer has no control over returns sold to the remanufacturer. The other implementation, known as individual WEEE take‐back, gives complete control to the manufacturer.We develop a general two‐period model to investigate questions of interest to policy‐makers in government and managers in industry. Our results suggest that, in some settings, enactment of collective WEEE take‐back will result in higher manufacturer and remanufacturer profits while simultaneously spurring remanufacturing activity and reducing the tax burden on society. A negative effect is higher consumer prices in the market. In other settings, we find that collective WEEE take‐back introduces a structural change to the industry—creating an environment where remanufacturing becomes profitable when it is not profitable without a take‐back law. With respect to individual WEEE take‐back, we find that the manufacturer often benefits from allowing the remanufacturer to enter the market, though from a government policy‐maker perspective, there are clear risks of monopolistic behavior.
A new OSL chronology for dust accumulation in the last 130,000 yr for the Chinese Loess Plateau
Authors: Lu Y.C. , Wang X.L. , Wintle A.G. 
Published: January 2007

AbstractA sensitivity-corrected Multiple Aliquot Regenerative-dose protocol has been developed for fine-grained quartz OSL dating of Chinese loess. Its reliability has been assessed on the basis of the methodology and by dating reference samples of known age close to the transition from the last interglacial paleosol (S1) to the last glacial loess (L1), which corresponds to the Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 5/4 transition. On the basis of the fine-grained quartz OSL-age estimates for 33 loess samples from the upper part of the Luochuan profile, a detailed chronostratigraphy of continuous dust accumulation in the past 130 ka has been proposed. Changes in the accumulation rate occurred during the last glacial period (MIS 4 to MIS 2); unexpectedly, high accumulation rates were found in the weakly developed L1–2(S)paleosol of the last interstadial (MIS 3), rather than in the classic L1–1and L1–3loess of the cold–dry glacial condition (MIS 2 and 4). The OSL ages show some disagreement with the previous numerical chronology for the loess–paleosol sequence based on correlation of variations in grain size with sedimentation rate; the latter method resulted in an almost constant accumulation rate from 72 to 12 ka.