bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Self made device by rural Nepalese women for pelvic organ prolapse worn for more than a decade: A constant source of vaginal discharge
Authors: Pant Padam Raj 
Published: November 2008

Complete disappearances of prolapse after the removal of the self made vaginal vaginal devices, made out of sand, jute and fruit seed residue worn for 17-30 years is presented here which speaks of uterovaginal prolapse as gynecological morbidity. Key words: Gynecological morbidity and uterine prolapse. doi:10.3126/njog.v3i1.1444 NJOG 2008 May-June; 3(1): 58 - 59
Highly Fluorescent Mesostructured Films that consist of Oligo(phenylenevinylene)–Silica Hybrid Frameworks
Authors: Mizoshita Norihiro , Goto Yasutomo , Tani Takao , Inagaki Shinji 
Published: November 2008

AbstractHighly fluorescent and visible‐light‐responsive mesostructured organosilica films are successfully obtained by acidic sol–gel polycondensation of oligo(phenylenevinylene) (OPV)‐bridged organosilane and tetraethoxysilane precursors in the presence of a template surfactant. The OPV‐bridged organosilane precursors with different lateral alkoxy substituents, hexyloxy and 2‐ethylhexyloxy, and no substituent, are synthesized by Rh‐catalyzed silylation of corresponding aromatic iodides. From the organosilane precursors, three kinds of mesostructured OPV–silica hybrid films are prepared by spin‐casting using evaporation‐induced self‐assembly. UV‐vis absorption and fluorescence behavior of the OPV–silica hybrid films show that the optical properties and intermolecular interactions of the OPV moieties embedded within the organosilica frameworks strongly depend on the lateral alkoxy substituents in the precursors. The hexyloxy and 2‐ethylhexyloxy substituents prevent aggregation of the OPV units in the organosilica frameworks; this result leads to high fluorescence quantum yields of 0.48–0.61 and 0.63–0.66, respectively, while non‐substitution leads to lower fluorescence quantum yields of 0.25–0.34. Fluorescence decay profiles of the organosilica hybrid films also confirm a suppression of the aggregation of OPV moieties by the lateral substituents. These mesostructured organosilica films with significant optical properties in the visible‐light region are promising as a new class of phosphor materials.
Effect of seasonal programming on fetal development and longevity: Links with environmental temperature
Authors: Flouris Andreas D. , Spiropoulos Yiannis , Sakellariou Giorgos J. , Koutedakis Yiannis 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThis study examined the effect of birth season on fetal development and longevity using two independent databases of all Greek citizens that were born (total: 516,874) or died (total: 554,101) between 1999 and 2003. We found significantly increased birth weight, gestational age, and longevity in individuals born during the autumn and winter seasons of the year. These individuals also demonstrated statistically significantly lower prevalence rates for fetal growth restriction and premature birth. Furthermore, we found that increased temperature at birth was associated with adverse effects on fetal development and longevity. In conclusion, our results show strong effects of season of birth on fetal development and longevity mediated, at least in part, by environmental temperature at time of birth. Am. J. Hum. Biol., 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Occupational exposure to blood and body fluids among health care workers in a general hospital, China
Authors: Zhang Min , Wang Huanqiang , Miao Jianying , Du Xieyi , Li Tao , Wu Zhenglai 
Published: November 2008

AbstractObjectivesTo understand current status of occupational exposure to blood and body fluids (BBF), and awareness of knowledge about occupational bloodborne pathogen exposures and universal precaution among hospital‐based health care workers (HCWs).MethodsA cross‐sectional study was conducted during April to May 2004 to study incidence of occupational exposure to BBF among 1,144 hospital‐based HCWs.ResultsThe total incidence and the average number of episodes exposure to BBF was 66.3/100 HCWs per year and 7.5 per person per year in the past year, respectively. The incidence (per 100/HCWs per year) and the average number of episodes (per HCW per year) of percutaneous injury (PCI), mucous‐membrane exposure (MME), and exposure to BBF by damaged skin was 50.3 and 1.8; 34.4 and 1.7; and 37.9 and 4.0, respectively. The leading incidence and the average number of episodes of PCI occurred in delivery room (82.6 and 1.8). The highest percentage of PCI's that occurred during the previous 2 weeks occurred during a surgical operation (22.8%). Of all sharp instruments, the suture needle contributed the highest percentage of PCI's (24.7%) among HCWs in the last 2 weeks. Over two‐thirds (68.3%) of respondents were immunized with Hepatitis B vaccine; less than one‐half (47%) of HCWs wore gloves while doing procedures on patients. The respondents demonstrated a lack of knowledge regarding transmission of bloodborne diseases and universal precautions.ConclusionsRisk for potential exposure to BBF appears high in HCWs, and almost all of episodes are not reported. It is urgent to establish the Guideline for Prevention and Control of Occupational Exposure to Bloodborne Pathogens among HCWs. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:89–98, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Protecting human subjects: How much responsibility falls to editorial boards?
Authors: Wegman David H. , Major Elaine 
Published: November 2008

AbstractEditorial policy for biomedical journals increasingly calls on authors to affirm that approval was received from an Institutional Review Board (IRB) (or equivalent) prior to initiating any human subjects research presented in a manuscript submitted for publication. For most investigations and investigators this does not present any problem. However, when research is carried out in a setting where there is no IRB, should editors consider a report of such a study based on the merits alone? There is no simple answer to this question. This commentary explores aspects of the question and presents issues to be considered in developing an answer. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:172–175, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Specific and non‐specific upper extremity musculoskeletal disorder syndromes in automobile manufacturing workers
Authors: Gold Judith E. , d'Errico Angelo , Katz Jeffrey N. , Gore Rebecca , Punnett Laura 
Published: November 2008

AbstractObjectiveA longitudinal cohort of automobile manufacturing workers (n = 1,214) was examined for: (1) prevalence and persistence of specific upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders (UEMSDs) such as lateral epicondylitis and de Quervain's disease, and non‐specific disorders (NSDs) defined in symptomatic individuals without any specific disorder, and (2) disorder prognoses based on symptom characteristics and other factors.MethodsEight specific disorders were identified through case definitions based on upper extremity physical examinations and symptom surveys administered on three occasions over 6 years.ResultsAt baseline, 41% of the cohort reported upper extremity symptoms; 18% (n = 214) of these had NSDs. In each survey, tendon‐related conditions accounted for over half of the specific morbidity. Twenty‐five percent had UEMSDs in multiple anatomical sites, and most with hand/wrist disorders had two or more hand/wrist UEMSDs. Persistence for all specific disorders decreased with length of follow‐up. Specific UEMSDs were characterized by greater pain severity and functional impairment, and more lost work days than NSDs.ConclusionsUpper extremity symptoms and diagnoses vary over time. NSDs may be the early stages of conditions that will eventually become more specific. NSDs and overlapping specific UEMSDs should be taken into account in UEMSD classification. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:124–132, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Geographic variation in opioid prescribing for acute, work‐related, low back pain and associated factors: A multilevel analysis
Authors: Webster Barbara S. , Cifuentes Manuel , Verma Santosh , Pransky Glenn 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBackgroundGiven reports about variation in opioid prescribing, concerns about increasing opioid use and its associated negative consequences make understanding the sources of variability important. The aims of the study were to assess the extent of and factors associated with geographic variation in early opioid prescribing for acute, work‐related, low back pain (LBP).MethodsCases were selected from workers compensation administrative data filed between January 1, 2002 and December 31, 2003 and included claims from states with more than 40 cases. Early opioid prescribing (one or more prescriptions within first 15 days) was the outcome. Weighted coefficient of variation (wCOV) estimated geographic variation, and multilevel models measured variability controlling for individual and contextual factors.ResultsOf the 8,262 claimants, 21.3% received at least one early opioid prescription. Significant between‐state variation was found (wCOV = 53%), from 5.7% (Massachusetts) to 52.9% (South Carolina). Seventy‐nine percent of the between‐state variation was explained by three contextual factors: state household income inequality (prevalence ratio [PR] 1.06, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.01, 1.12), number of physicians per capita (PR 0.99, 95% CI = 0.98, 0.99), and workers compensation cost containment effort score (PR 1.12, 95% CI = 1.02, 1.24). Individual‐level factors, including severity, explained only a small portion of the geographic variability.ConclusionGeographic variation of early opioid prescribing for acute LBP is important and almost fully explained by state‐level contextual factors. The study suggests that clinician and patient interaction and the subsequent decision to use opioids are substantially framed by social conditions and control systems. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:162–171, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Prevalence of common mental disorders and their work consequences in France, according to occupational category
Authors: Cohidon Christine , Imbernon Ellen , Gorldberg Marcel 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBackgroundThe aims of the study are to estimate the prevalence of the common mental disorders according to occupational category and to describe the consequences of these disorders on their work, in the French population.MethodsIt took place in France from 1999 to 2003. The sample consisted of about 36,000 people aged 18 years and older. Data were collected face‐to‐face using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI).ResultsAnxiety disorders were most common (17% in men and 26% in women), while prevalence estimates for mood disorders were 10% in men and 14% in women. Prevalence of troubles were consistently higher among those in the lowest occupational categories. Among those reporting mental disorders, about 50% said that their work was affected. The repercussions on job varied by occupational category and differently for men and women.ConclusionThis study shows the social and occupational inequalities in the prevalence of mental disorders and their important work consequences in the French working population. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:141–152, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Injuries and fatalities to U.S. farmers and farm workers 55 years and older
Authors: Myers John R. , Layne Larry A. , Marsh Suzanne M. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractBackgroundPrevious studies have shown that older farmers and farm workers have been identified at high risk for farm fatalities, most notably involving tractor overturns. Older farmers also incur more severe non‐fatal injuries.MethodsData from two national surveillance systems are presented to describe fatal and non‐fatal injuries occurring to older farmers 55+ years of age. Tractor‐related fatality investigations for older farmers are examined for characteristics of the tractors not available in the injury surveillance systems.ResultsOlder farmers and farm workers averaged 26,573 lost‐time injuries annually in 2001 and 2004, with an injury rate of 4.5 injuries/100 workers/year compared to an overall farming injury rate of 4.8 injuries/100 workers/year. Fatality data show that older farmers accounted for over half of all farming deaths between 1992 and 2004 (3,671 of 7,064 deaths), and had a fatality rate of 45.8 deaths/100,000 workers/year compared to the overall farming fatality rate of 25.4 deaths/100,000 workers/year. Most common mechanisms of fatal injury to older farmers were “tractors” (46%), “trucks” (7%), and “animals” (5%).ConclusionsAlthough older farmers and farm workers are at lower risk of overall injury compared to their younger counterparts, injuries to farmers 55 years and older tend to be much more severe. To effectively minimize the risk faced by older farmers, prevention programs must encourage safe work behaviors and practices and the implementation/installation of appropriate safety devices and equipment. Am. J. Ind. Med. 52:185–194, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Assembly of Supramolecular Boxes and Coordination Polymers Based on Bis‐Zinc‐Salphen Building Blocks
Authors: Kuil Mark , Puijk Iris M. , Kleij Arjan W. , Tooke Duncan M. , Spek Anthony L. , Reek Joost N. H. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe report the assembly of supramolecular boxes and coordination polymers based on a rigid bis‐zinc(II)‐salphen complex and various ditopic nitrogen ligands. The use of the bis‐zinc(II)‐salphen building block in combination with small ditopic nitrogen ligands gave organic coordination polymers both in solution as well as in the solid state. Molecular modeling shows that supramolecular boxes with small internal cavities can be formed. However, the inability to accommodate solvent molecules (such as toluene) in these cavities explains why coordination polymers are prevailing over well‐defined boxes, as it would lead to an energetically unfavorable vacuum. In contrast, for relatively longer ditopic nitrogen ligands, we observed the selective formation of supramolecular box assemblies in all cases studied. The approach can be easily extended to chiral analogues by using chiral ditopic nitrogen ligands.
2‐(1 H‐1,2,3‐Triazol‐4‐yl)‐Pyridine Ligands as Alternatives to 2,2′‐Bipyridines in Ruthenium(II) Complexes
Authors: Happ Bobby , Friebe Christian , Winter Andreas , Hager Martin D. , Hoogenboom Richard , Schubert Ulrich S. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe synthesis of a variety of 2‐(1H‐1,2,3‐triazol‐4‐yl)‐pyridines by click chemistry is demonstrated to provide straightforward access to mono‐functionalized ligands. The ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone initiated by such a mono‐functionalized ligand highlights the synthetic potential of this class of bidentate ligands with respect to polymer chemistry or the attachment onto surfaces and nanoparticles. The coordination to RuII ions results in homoleptic and heteroleptic complexes with the resultant photophysical and electrochemical properties strongly dependent on the number of these ligands attached to the RuII core.
Reduced levels of immunoglobulin in children with autism correlates with behavioral symptoms
Authors: Heuer Luke , Ashwood Paul , Schauer Joseph , Goines Paula , Krakowiak Paula , Hertz‐Picciotto Irva , Hansen Robin , Croen Lisa A. , Pessah Isaac N. , Van de Water Judy 
Published: November 2008

AbstractObjectives: To assay if plasma antibody levels in children with autism or developmental delays (DD) differ from those with typical development as an indicator of immune function and to correlate antibody levels with severity of behavioral symptoms.Methods: Plasma was collected from children with autistic disorder (AU; n=116), DD but not autism (n=32), autism spectrum disorder but not full autism (n=27), and age‐matched typically developing (TD) controls (n=96). Samples were assayed for systemic levels of immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, IgA, and IgE) by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Subjects with autism were evaluated using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule and the Autism Diagnostic Interview—Revised, and all subjects were scored on the Aberrant Behavior Checklist (ABC) by the parents. Numerical scores for each of the ABC subscales as well as the total scores were then correlated with Ig levels.Results: Children with AU have a significantly reduced level of plasma IgG (5.39±0.29 mg/mL) compared to the TD (7.72±0.28 mg/mL; P<0.001) and DD children (8.23±0.49 mg/mL; P<0.001). Children with autism also had a reduced level of plasma IgM (0.670.06mg/mL) compared to TD (0.79±0.05 mg/mL; P<0.05). Ig levels were negatively correlated with ABC scores for all children (IgG: r=−0.334, P<0.0001; IgM: r=−0.167, P=0.0285).Conclusion: Children with AU have significantly reduced levels of plasma IgG and IgM compared to both DD and TD controls, suggesting an underlying defect in immune function. This reduction in specific Ig levels correlates with behavioral severity, where those patients with the highest scores in the behavioral battery have the most reduced levels of IgG and IgM.
Osteoblasts stimulated with pulsed electromagnetic fields increase HUVEC proliferation via a VEGF‐A independent mechanism
Authors: Hopper Richard A. , VerHalen Jon P. , Tepper Oren , Mehrara Babek J. , Detch Robert , Chang Edward I. , Baharestani Samuel , Simon Bruce J. , Gurtner Geoffrey C. 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe clinically beneficial effect of low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (ELF‐PEMF) on bone healing has been described, but the exact mechanism of action remains unclear. A recent study suggests that there is a direct autocrine mitogenic effect of ELF‐PEMF on angiogenesis. The hypothesis of this study is that ELF‐PEMF also has an indirect effect on angiogenesis by manipulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐A‐based paracrine intercellular communication with neighboring osteoblasts. Conditioned media experiments measured fetal rat calvarial cell (FRC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation using tritiated thymidine uptake. We demonstrate that ELF‐PEMF (15 Hz, 1.8 mT, for 8 h) has an indirect effect on the proliferation rate of both endothelial cells and osteoblasts in vitro by altering paracrine mediators. Conditioned media from osteoblast cells stimulated with ELF‐PEMF increased endothelial proliferation 54‐fold, whereas media from endothelial cells stimulated with ELF‐PEMF did not affect osteoblast proliferation. We examined the role of the pro‐angiogenic mediator VEGF‐A in the mitogenic effect of ELF‐PEMF‐stimulated osteoblast media on endothelial cells. The production of VEGF‐A by FRC as measured by ELISA was not changed by exposure to PEMF, and blocking experiments demonstrated that the ELF‐PEMF‐induced osteoblast‐derived endothelial mitogen observed in these studies was not VEGF‐A, but some other soluble angiogenic mediator. Bioelectromagnetics 30:189–197, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Identification of novel peptide ligands for the cancer‐specific receptor mutation EFGRvIII using a mixture‐based synthetic combinatorial library
Authors: Denholt Charlotte Lund , Hansen Paul Robert , Pedersen Nina , Poulsen Hans Skovgaard , Gillings Nic , Kjær Andreas 
Published: November 2008

AbstractWe report here, the design and synthesis of a positional scanning synthetic combinatorial library for the identification of novel peptide ligands targeted against the cancer‐specific epidermal growth factor tyrosine kinase receptor mutation variant III (EGFRvIII). This receptor is expressed in several kinds of cancer, in particular, ovarian, glioblastomas, and breast cancer, but not in normal tissue. The library consisted of six individual positional sublibraries in the format, H‐O1–6XXXXX‐NH2, O being one of the 19 proteinogenic amino acids (cysteine omitted) and X an equimolar mixture of these. The library consisted of 114 mixtures in total. Using a biotin‐streptavidin assay, the binding of each sublibrary to NR6M, NR6W‐A, and NR6 cells was tested. These cells express EGFRvIII, EGFR, and neither of the receptors, respectively. The result from each sublibrary was examined to identify the most active amino acid residue at each position. On the basis of this knowledge, eight peptides were synthesized and tested for binding to EGFRvIII. We identified one peptide, H‐FALGEA‐NH2, that showed more selective binding to the mutated receptor than the EGFRvIII specific peptide PEPHC1. This study demonstrates the value of using mixture‐based combinatorial positional scanning libraries for the identification of novel peptide ligands targeted against the cancer‐specific EGFRvIII. Our best candidate H‐FALGEA‐NH2 will be radioactively labeled and evaluated as an imaging agent for positron emission tomography investigation for diagnosis, staging, and monitoring of therapy of various types of cancer. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 91: 201–206, 2009.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
NMR structure of rALF‐Pm3, an anti‐lipopolysaccharide factor from shrimp: Model of the possible lipid A‐binding site
Authors: Yang Yinshan , Boze Hélène , Chemardin Patrick , Padilla André , Moulin Guy , Tassanakajon Anchalee , Pugnière Martine , Roquet Françoise , Destoumieux‐Garzón Delphine , Gueguen Yannick , Bachère Evelyne , Aumelas André 
Published: November 2008

AbstractThe anti‐lipopolysaccharide factor ALF‐Pm3 is a 98‐residue protein identified in hemocytes from the black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon. It was expressed in Pichia pastoris from the constitutive glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase promoter as a folded and 15N uniformly labeled rALF‐Pm3 protein. Its 3D structure was established by NMR and consists of three α‐helices packed against a four‐stranded β‐sheet. The C34C55 disulfide bond was shown to be essential for the structure stability. By using surface plasmon resonance, we demonstrated that rALF‐Pm3 binds to LPS, lipid A and to OM®‐174, a soluble analogue of lipid A. Biophysical studies of rALF‐Pm3/LPS and rALF‐Pm3/OM®‐174 complexes indicated rather high molecular sized aggregates, which prevented us to experimentally determine by NMR the binding mode of these lipids to rALF‐Pm3. However, on the basis of striking structural similarities to the FhuA/LPS complex, we designed an original model of the possible lipid A‐binding site of ALF‐Pm3. Such a binding site, located on the ALF‐Pm3 β‐sheet and involving seven charged residues, is well conserved in ALF‐L from Limulus polyphemus and in ALF‐T from Tachypleus tridentatus. In addition, our model is in agreement with experiments showing that β‐hairpin synthetic peptides corresponding to ALF‐L β‐sheet bind to LPS. Delineating lipid A‐binding site of ALFs will help go further in the de novo design of new antibacterial or LPS‐neutralizing drugs. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 91: 207–220, 2009.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com