bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Negotiating the conflicts: Reexamining the structure and function of reflection in science teacher learning
Authors: Danielowich Robert 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMany researchers and teacher educators propose that reflection is an important way teachers can think about changing their views and practices. The hierarchical constructs used to describe reflection, however, are often interpreted in ways that promote reflection as a toolteachers use to elevate their views and practices toward ideal “end goals” rather than as a more complex intellectual act that could help them learn how to shape their own goals. This research explores how four early career science teachers learned to negotiate the conflicts between their own goals and actual practices by situating their reflections in multiple contexts. They were invited to become aware of those conflicts through interviews and discussions of classroom observations and then to address them by actually teaching toward their own unrealized goals. The data generated from these activities were described with a rubric based on M. van Manen's reflection construct (1977) but were framed with certain perceptions each teacher had about her or his own science teaching. Several patterns emerged across the four teachers' cases that challenge the use of reflection as a tool and suggest how science teachers can reflect as a way to take greater ownership over and responsibility for their own lifelong learning. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed 91:629–663, 2007
A two‐part model for censored medical cost data
Authors: Tian Lu , Huang Jie 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe two‐part model is often used to analyse medical cost data which contain a large proportion of zero cost and are highly skewed with some large costs. The total medical costs over a period of time are often censored due to incomplete follow‐up, making the analysis difficult as the censoring can be informative. We propose to apply the inverse probability weighting method on a two‐part model to analyse right‐censored cumulative medical costs with informative censoring. We also introduce a set of simple functionals based on the intermediate cost history to be applied with the efficiency augmentation technique. In addition, we propose a practical model‐checking technique based on the cumulative residuals. Simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the finite sample performance of the proposed method. We use a data set on the cardiovascular disease (CVD)‐related Medicare costs to illustrate our proposed method. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sample size calculation with dependence adjustment for FDR‐control in microarray studies
Authors: Shao Yongzhao , Tseng Chi‐Hong 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDNA microarrays have been widely used for the purpose of simultaneously monitoring a large number of gene expression levels to identify differentially expressed genes. Statistical methods for the adjustment of multiple testing have been discussed extensively in the literature. An important further challenge is the existence of dependence among test statistics due to reasons such as gene co‐regulation. To plan large‐scale genomic studies, sample size determination with appropriate adjustment for both multiple testing and potential dependency among test statistics is crucial to avoid an abundance of false‐positive results and/or serious lack of power. We introduce a general approach for calculating sample sizes for two‐way multiple comparisons in the presence of dependence among test statistics to ensure adequate overall power when the false discovery rates are controlled. The usefulness of the proposed method is demonstrated via numerical studies using both simulated data and real data from a well‐known study of leukaemia. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prevalence and Clinical Relevance ofStaphylococcus warneriin the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
Authors: Cimiotti Jeannie P. , Haas Janet P. , Della-Latta Phyllis , Wu Fann , Saiman Lisa , Larson Elaine L. 
Published: February 2007

Objective.To describe the prevalence ofStaphylococcus warnerion the hands of nurses and the clinical relevance of this organism among neonates in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).Design.Prospective cohort study that examined the microbial flora on the hands of nurses and clinical isolates recovered from neonates during a 23-month period (March 1, 2001, through January 31, 2003).Setting.Two high-risk NICUs in New York City.Participants.All neonates hospitalized in the NICUs for more than 24 hours and all full-time nurses from the same NICUs who volunteered to participate.Intervention.At baseline and then every 3 months, samples for culture were obtained from each nurse's cleaned dominant hand. Pulsed-field electrophoresis comparedS. warneriisolates from neonates and staff.Results.Samples for culture (n= 834) were obtained from the hands of 119 nurses; 520 (44%) of the 1,195 isolates of coagulase-negative staphylococci recovered were identified asS. warneri. Of the 647 clinically relevant isolates recovered from neonates, 17 (8%) of the 202 isolates that were identified to species level wereS. warneri. Pulsed-field electrophoresis revealed a common strain ofS. warnerithat was shared among the nurses and neonates. Furthermore, 117 (23%) of 520S. warneriisolates from nurses' hands had minimum inhibitory concentrations for vancomycin of 4μg/mL, which indicate decreasing susceptibility.Conclusions.Our findings thatS. warnerican be pathogenic in neonates, is a predominant species of coagulase-negative staphylococci cultured from the hands of nurses, and has decreased vancomycin susceptibility underscore the importance of continued surveillance for vancomycin resistance and pathogenicity in pediatric care settings.
Nonplanar LEO‐LEO aeroassisted space rendezvous
Authors: Chen Hongbo , Yang Di 
Published: February 2007

PurposeIn order to solve nonplanar LEO‐LEO aeroassisted space rendezvous, this paper aims to study an active phasing method based on orbital preliminary adjusting scheme out of atmosphere.Design/methodology/approachIn order to add atmospheric entry velocity, orbital preliminary adjusting out of atmosphere is presented and the orbital altitude of high earth orbit (HEO) is selected eclectically. Nonplanar HEO‐LEO aeroassisted orbital transfer problem is studied in detail. According to the standard atmospheric flight trajectory, the locations of deorbit points in HEO are determined and the standard phase angle between orbital transfer vehicle (OTV) in HEO and target in low earth orbit (LEO) is obtained so that OTV and target meet space rendezvous demand. Finally, the active phasing method is studied so that the standard phase angle can be satisfied when OTV is transferred to HEO. So space rendezvous can be realized under the help of aeroassisted orbital transfer technique once the standard phase angle is satisfied.FindingsNonplanar LEO‐LEO orbital transfer depending on entirely propulsive will use enormous fuel and the phasing problem will be most difficult in nonplanar LEO‐LEO space rendezvous mission. However, the fuel consumption can be saved and rendezvous mission can be finished in an advisable time when nonplanar LEO‐LEO aeroassisted orbital transfer technology is applied properly.Originality/valueAeroassisted space rendezvous method is presented in this paper. Orbital preliminary adjusting out of atmosphere is studied in order to add atmospheric entry velocity and the active phasing method for realizing space rendezvous is integrated in preliminary adjusting scheme.
Task automation for modelling solids with Catia V5
Authors: Gloria Del Río‐Cidoncha María , Martínez‐Palacios Juan , Ortuño‐Ortiz Francisco 
Published: February 2007

PurposeThe main goal of this paper is to show how the automation of tasks in solid modelling with Catia V5 is approached, by means of macros, working under the Windows operating system and with the Visual BASIC programming language. A macro is a piece of code (written in a certain programming language) which groups a set of operations that define a certain task.Design/methodology/approachThe paper is divided into three parts. In the first one, the necessary concepts to begin working with macros are discussed: the programming languages (object‐oriented), compatible with Catia V5, are introduced. The handling of macros, like the one of the fundamental objects of the application, is explained as well. In the second part, the different objects on which the macros for solid modelling are based are described, explaining how they are used and how they are related to one another. In the third and last part, several applications which clarify the use of the studied tools, and which show the great utility of the macros, are included.FindingsUsing macros can automate design tasks which are performed repetitively, as well as carry out new operations (features) which facilitate the modelling process and which are not included in the order menu by default.Originality/valuePower and versatility of macros as a task‐automation tool is shown, as well as how simple, fast and efficient it is to program them in Visual BASIC.
The destructive forces of human resources – turning people management and development initiatives into positive impactors
Authors: Pritchard Neville 
Published: February 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to provide consideration for debate with respect to the role of specialists in HR and people support and development roles, their current dilemma and potential solutions.Design/methodology/approachBased upon experience from working at senior levels within FTSE 100 companies over the past 20 years, wider experience gained from benchmark groups and association and institute roles. The paper is a reflection on the HR journey in the past ten years, its struggle to justify and its need to contribute.FindingsThe intent behind a number of people related initiatives have had variable impact on organization performance, employee engagement and capability levels. The direct contribution of specialists has not always been helped through organization design. The need for depth of knowledge, genuine business application, managed communication frameworks and collaboration across related functions is paramount to taking a grip of HR contribution and maximizing the potential of component roles.Practical implicationsReview of HR in terms of alignment, integration, governance, efficiency, effectiveness and sustainability. Additionally a shift in mindset from justifying to contributing through teamwork and collaboration.Originality/valueThe AIGEES framework of review and the consequences in terms of organizing people related functions within organizations to maximize contribution. For anyone working within and having responsibility for HR/ Development functions
Can two established information models explain the information behaviour of visually impaired people seeking health and social care information?
Authors: Beverley C.A. , Bath P.A. , Barber R. 
Published: February 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which two existing models of information behaviour could explain the information behaviour of visually impaired people seeking health and social care information.Design/methodology/approachThe research was conducted within a constructivist paradigm. A total of 28 semi‐structured interviews (face‐to‐face or telephone) with 31 visually impaired people were conducted. Framework analysis was used to analyse the results.FindingsThis study identified several factors that may affect a visually impaired person's information behaviour. These related to the presence of other health conditions or disabilities, participants' understanding of the word “information”, their interactions with information providers, their degree of independence, the support they received from friends and family, their acceptance of their own visual impairment, as well as their awareness of other visual impairments, their registration status and their willingness and ability to pay for aids, adaptations and equipment.Originality/ valueThis study provides a new and valuable insight into the information behaviour of visually impaired people, as well as testing the applicability of a specific and generic information model to the information behaviour of visually impaired people seeking health and social care information.
Knowledge of information behaviour and its relevance to the design of people‐centred information products and services
Authors: Hepworth Mark 
Published: February 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is first to highlight some of the social phenomena that are driving the design of people‐centred information solutions; second, to develop a broad ontology of information behaviour research that serves to identify factors that should be taken into account when designing such solutions. Finally, the author illustrates how this knowledge is being applied in the design of people‐centred inclusive information products and services.Design/methodology/approachThe author draws on the information behaviour literature to highlight key drivers and to develop and illustrate the ontological framework. The significance of this framework is then demonstrated by providing examples of how this knowledge has been applied in the design of people‐centred inclusive information products and services.Research limitations/implicationsThis is a conceptual paper and based on the informed, subjective analysis of previous research. However, relating theory to practice does provide an indication of the validity of this conception of one's knowledge of information behaviour to people‐centred design.Originality/valueThe paper helps to provide an overview of information behaviour research, the nature of the domain and the levels of abstraction. The article also makes a direct link between the theoretical world of information behaviour research and the empirical world of people‐centred design. Hence, it also presents a case for the importance of the body of knowledge that people in information science refer to as information behaviour.
What is enough? Satisficing information needs
Authors: Prabha Chandra , Silipigni Connaway Lynn , Olszewski Lawrence , Jenkins Lillie R. 
Published: February 2007

PurposeThis paper seeks to understand how users know when to stop searching for more information when the information space is so saturated that there is no certainty that the relevant information has been identified.Design/methodology/approachFaculty, undergraduate and graduate students participated in focus group interviews to investigate what leads them to satisfice their information needs.FindingsAcademic library users describe both qualitative and quantitative criteria, which lead them to make rational choices determining when “enough” information satisfices their need. The situational context of both the participants' specific information need and their role in academic society affects every stage of their search – from the selection of the first resource, to ongoing search strategies, to decisions on how much information is enough.Originality/valueThese findings broaden the scope of earlier user research, which tends to focus on the more static views of habitual information‐seeking and ‐searching behavior, by applying theoretical frameworks for a richer understanding of the users' experiences.
Reclassification project at St Martin's College: a case study
Authors: Weaver Margaret , Stanning Michael 
Published: February 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to outline the approach taken to the reclassification of the library collection within a small multi‐site college of higher education – whereby 160,000 volumes were converted from the BLISS system to the Dewey Decimal Classification system, over a period of 11 weeks during Summer 2004.Design/methodology/approachAn automated approach was taken whereby the Library Systems Supplier – Talis was commissioned to convert catalogue records using a batch process. Risk analysis and critical path analysis were used as tools to keep the project on schedule and provide quality control.FindingsAn automated approach allowed the project to be completed on time, within budget and with minimal disruption to services. Project planning was crucial to the success of the project. This included mapping BLISS to Dewey numbers, recruitment of a student team, management of work packages and ensuring continuity of the Library Service during the project.Practical implicationsInstitutional support for the project was secured because of its relevance to the College's corporate agenda and the promise of a wider impact that the project would have in terms of modernisation of the library service.Originality/valueDespite the apparent lack of current articles on re‐classification, many libraries are still grappling with ongoing retrospective cataloguing projects. This case study demonstrates how one institution approached the problem and demonstrates that an automated approach can yield benefits. It will be of use to other libraries thinking of, or involved with, similar conversions. The partnership role of the Library Management System Supplier is also highlighted.
Using old concepts to gain new insights: addressing the issue of consistency
Authors: Jones Colin 
Published: February 2007

PurposeThis paper aims to go beyond a bookkeeping approach to evolutionary analysis whereby surviving firms are better adapted and extinct firms were less adapted. From discussion of the preliminary findings of research into the Hobart pizza industry, evidence is presented of the need to adopt a more traditional approach to applying evolutionary theories with organizational research.Design/methodology/approachAfter a brief review of the relevant literature, the preliminary findings of research into the Hobart pizza industry are presented. Then, several evolutionary concepts that are commonplace in ecological research are introduced to help explain the emergent findings. The paper concludes with consideration given to advancing a more consistent approach to employing evolutionary theories within organizational research.FindingsThe paper finds that the process of selection cannot be assumed to occur evenly across time and/or space. Within geographically small markets different forms of selection operate in different ways and degrees requiring the use of more traditional evolutionary theories to highlight the causal process associated with population change.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper concludes by highlighting Geoffrey Hodgson's Principle of Consistency. It is demonstrated that a failure to truly understand how and why theory is used in one domain will likely result in its misuse in another domain. That, at present, too few evolutionary concepts are employed in organisational research to ensure an appreciation of any underlying causal processes through which social change occurs.Originality/valueThe concepts introduced throughout this paper, whilst not new, provide new entry points for organizational researchers intent on employing an evolutionary approach to understand the process of social change.
Ethical behavior and social responsibility in organizations: process and evaluation
Authors: Fray Anne Marie 
Published: February 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show the difficulty inherent in maintaining long‐term ethical behaviours in organisations. Such ethical behaviours are not always clearly identified in terms of their priorities, and interpretation methods (laws, directives, rating agencies) highlight the heterogeneity of indicators and processes.Design/methodology/approachThe paper shows that an exploratory qualitative survey, based on interviews with managers and company documents, was conducted on a panel of six organisations to explore their key ethical points and identified weaknesses (interviews, company and/or rating agency documents). The reality surrounding these companies, rated in accordance with their social responsibility and ethical behaviours, demonstrates a major inadequacy to clarify their conduct and a dilution of values when taking action.FindingsThe paper is based on past research; the author proposes three guiding questions aimed at palliating the difficulties faced in maintaining ethical behaviours both in time and in the geographical space. It explores a series of processes permitting the establishment of points of reference and the subsequent evaluation of the different stages, focusing on the values ensuring a performance link and strengthening the managerial axis as a vector of ethics.Originality/valueThe paper challenges the notion of ratings based on non‐long‐term effects, yet, while underlining the difficulty of the exercise, also proposes possible solutions to ensure sustainability. It takes account of the limitations of a debate based on an exploratory survey, but opens the way for subsequent research connecting the proposed paths to the concept of sustainable ethics inscribed in the context of overall performance.
Automation and networking of public libraries in India using the e‐Granthalaya software from the National Informatics Centre
Authors: Matoria Ram Kumar , Upadhyay P.K. , Moni Madaswamy 
Published: February 2007

PurposeTo describe the development of the library management system, e‐Granthalaya, for public libraries in India. This is an initiative of the Indian government's National Informatics Centre (NIC). The paper outlines the challenges and the potential of a full‐scale deployment of this software at a national level.Design/methodology/approachThe project is being implemented in various phases depending on the funds, infrastructure and willingness of the various state governments and library authorities. This case study provides an understanding of the challenges confronted by the NIC in the scale and scope of the deployment of e‐Granthalaya. The national effort towards a “single window access” is constructively undertaken with an infrastructure deployment phase followed by a services integration phase: both of these are undertaken in tandem with local conditions and technological developments.FindingsThe proposed end‐product is a web‐based online library service connecting public libraries in India and integrating library services in a “single window access”. The authors conclude that there is a need for greater orchestration of funding provision, acquisitions of systems, data entry of catalogues, hosting and so on.Research limitations/implicationsThe project will be useful as a model for the automation, networking and federating of resources for other groups of libraries in India.Originality/valueThe paper is a case study of design, development and implementation of the e‐Granthalaya software in India's public libraries.
Vitamins and minerals: powerful medicine or potent toxins?
Authors: Tran Elizabeth , Demmig‐Adams Barbara 
Published: February 2007

PurposeThe purpose of this review is to summarize the available literature on the effect of vitamin and mineral supplements, especially in doses exceeding recommended daily allowances.Design/methodology/approachA comprehensive search and analysis of original, peer‐reviewed literature on supplementation studies was conducted.FindingsHigh doses of vitamins and minerals can be harmful instead of beneficial. Supplementation of vitamins and minerals, in general, may be most beneficial, and perhaps only beneficial, to individuals with a nutrient‐deficient diet. Consumers thus need to be weary of the safety and efficacy of their supplements. While vitamins and minerals are vital to life, the optimal doses of each required nutrient are currently not known.Research limitations/implicationsLack of standardization between studies makes it difficult to compare the results from different studies.Practical implications – Based on this review, a recommendation can be made to avoid high dose supplements and obtain vitamins from foods to the greatest extent possible.Originality/value – This review is unique in its comprehensive nature that allows the identification of common underlying problems with the supplementation of different groups of vitamins.