bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite markers in pangolins (Mammalia, Pholidota, Manis spp.)
Authors: LUO SHU‐JIN , CAI QING‐XIU , DAVID VICTOR A. , ZHANG LI , MARTELLI PAOLO , LIM NORMAN T‐L. , FERRAND NUNO , CHIN SHIH‐CHIEN , GAUBERT PHILIPPE , RAMOS MARIA JOÃO , O’BRIEN STEPHEN J. , ANTUNES AGOSTINHO , JOHNSON WARREN E. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThirty‐four polymorphic dinucleotide microsatellite loci were developed in the Malayan pangolin Manis javanica. Of the 34 markers, 32 and 18 were also amplified, respectively, in the Chinese pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) and the African tree pangolin (Manis tricuspis). Analysis of 24 Malayan, 12 Chinese and 2 African tree pangolins showed high levels of variability (heterozygosity ranging from 0.321 to 0.708). These are the first available microsatellite markers in Pholidota and will be an invaluable tool for evolutionary and conservation genetic studies in pangolins.
Characterization of simple sequence repeat markers derived in silico from Brassica rapa bacterial artificial chromosome sequences and their application in Brassica napus
Authors: LING ALISON E. , KAUR JATINDER , BURGESS BENJAMIN , HAND MELANIE , HOPKINS CLARE J. , LI XI , LOVE CHRISTOPHER G. , VARDY MEGAN , WALKIEWICZ MARZENA , SPANGENBERG GERMAN , EDWARDS DAVID , BATLEY JACQUELINE 
Published: November 2006

AbstractA collaborative Brassica rapa genome sequencing project is currently in progress to aid the identification of agronomically important traits in Brassica species. As an initial stage, the ends of over 110 000 bacterial artificial chromosome clones were sequenced and mined for simple sequence repeats (SSRs). We present the characterization of 40 of these SSRs and their application in Brassica napus. The markers were screened against six Brassica species and Arabidopsis, and demonstrated reliable amplification, genome specificity, cross‐amplification and significant polymorphism. These SSRs will be useful for genetic analysis of Brassica germplasm.
A panel of microsatellite markers to detect and monitor demographic bottlenecks in the riverine dragonfly Orthetrum coerulescens F.
Authors: HADRYS HEIKE , WARGEL ANTONIA , GIERE SANDRA , KRAUS BERND , STREIT BRUNO 
Published: November 2006

AbstractOdonates (dragonflies and damselflies) are important indicators for monitoring anthropogenic impacts on freshwater ecosystems. We developed a panel of microsatellite loci for the keeled skimmer Orthetrum coerulescens, a libellulid dragonfly inhabiting small streams. By using two different isolation techniques, nine microsatellite loci have been isolated. Screening of 209 individuals resulted in an overall number of 88 alleles, ranging from three to 19 alleles per locus. The observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.37 to 0.83. One locus showed significant deviation from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium.
A set of polymorphic microsatellite loci for the bay scallop, Argopecten irradians
Authors: LI HONGJUN , LIU XIAO , HU JINGJIE , BAO ZHENMIN , ZHANG GUOFAN 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThe method of creating enriched microsatellite libraries can supply an abundant source of microsatellite sequences at a considerably reduced cost. Here we report the development of 15 polymorphic microsatellite loci from the bay scallop, Argopecten irradians, using enrichment protocol. Polymorphism was assessed in a sample of hatchery population (n = 38) revealing three to seven alleles per locus. The expected and observed heterozygosities ranged from 0.198 to 0.813 and from 0.083 to 0.833, respectively. These markers will be useful for genetic variation monitoring and parentage analysis.
Isolation and characterization of six microsatellites in the Mexican beaded lizard Heloderma horridum
Authors: FELTOON ANGELA R. , GUERRA TRINA , LEHN CATHI , FORSTNER MICHAEL R. J. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractSix polymorphic microsatellite loci were isolated and characterized in the threatened Mexican beaded lizard, Heloderma horridum. The number of alleles per locus ranged from three to 12, with observed heterozygosity estimates ranging from 0.00 to 0.77, and expected heterozygosity estimates ranging from 0.00 to 0.73. These microsatellites will provide a valuable tool for the investigation of the genetic variation and structure of both wild and captive H. horridum populations.
Microsatellite markers for the June sucker (Chasmistes liorus mictus), Utah sucker (Catostomus ardens), and five other catostomid fishes of western North America
Authors: CARDALL B. L. , BJERREGAARD L. S. , MOCK K. E. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractWe developed and optimized five new microsatellite markers for the genetic management of the endangered June sucker. We report the cross‐amplification of these markers, and seven microsatellites previously developed for Klamath Basin suckers, in seven catostomid species of western North America. No linkage disequilibrium was detected between pairs of loci. Since most of these loci exhibited conserved priming sites, they may be useful for landscape‐scale studies of speciation and patterns of gene flow among multiple sucker lineages.
Identification of microsatellite loci from Epimedium koreanum and cross‐species amplification in four species of Epimedium (Berberidaceae)
Authors: ZHOU JIANFENG , XU YANQIN , HUANG HONGWEN , WANG YING 
Published: November 2006

AbstractNineteen polymorphic microsatellite markers were isolated and characterized from a trinucleotide enriched partial genomic library of Epimedium koreanum. The average allele number of these microsatellites was 5.9 per locus, ranging from two to 11. The observed heterozygosity (HO) and expected heterozygosity (HE) at the population level were 0.00–0.90 and 0.12–0.90, respectively. In addition, the results of cross‐species amplification of this set of microsatellite markers in four closely related Epimedium species, E. brevicornum, E. sagittatum, E. pubescens and E. wushanense, revealed that these microsatellite markers were useful for population genetic structure evaluation and genotype analysis of major Epimedium species that have been used as traditional Chinese medicines.
Characterization of microsatellite DNA markers for the alligator snapping turtle, Macrochelys temminckii
Authors: HACKLER JOSEPH C. , VAN DEN BUSSCHE RONALD A. , LESLIE DAVID M. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractTwo trinucleotide and seven tetranucleotide microsatellite loci were isolated from an alligator snapping turtle Macrochelys temminckii. To assess the degree of variability in these nine microsatellite loci, we genotyped 174 individuals collected from eight river drainage basins in the southeastern USA. These markers revealed a moderate degree of allelic diversity (six to 16 alleles per locus) and observed heterozygosity (0.166–0.686). These polymorphic microsatellite loci provide powerful tools for population genetic studies for a species that is afforded some level of conservation protection in every state in which it occurs.
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in the flat‐headed bat (Tylonycteris pachypus)
Authors: HUA P. Y. , CHEN J. P. , ZHANG L. B. , LIANG B. , ROSSITER S. J. , ZHANG S. Y. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractMicrosatellite loci were developed in the flat‐headed bat (Tylonycteris pachypus) from genomic DNA using an enriched library method. Nine loci were tested on 48 individuals sampled from Guangxi Province, China. The mean number of observed alleles per locus was 6.4 (range 4–12). Observed and expected heterozygosity values ranged from 0.24 to 0.83 and from 0.30 to 0.89, respectively. One locus revealed significant departure from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium and no significant linkage disequilibrium was detected between loci pairs. These markers will be used to examine genetic structure and parentage analysis in this species.
Primers for amplifying the hypervariable, male‐transmitted COII‐COI junction region in amblemine freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionoidea: Ambleminae)
Authors: WALKER JENNIFER M. , BOGAN ARTHUR E. , BONFIGLIO ELSIE A. , CAMPBELL DAVID C. , CHRISTIAN ALAN D. , CUROLE JASON P. , HARRIS JOHN L. , WOJTECKI RUDY J. , HOEH WALTER R. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractFreshwater bivalves in the superfamily Unionoidea possess distinct male (M)‐ and female (F)‐transmitted mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The former evolves independently of and at a significantly faster rate than the latter. Thus, population genetic and phylogenetic analyses of M sequences facilitate the generation of independent estimates of genetic variation and evolutionary relationships which are often more robust than those provided by analyses of F sequences alone. However, M mtDNA's rapid substitution rate often renders polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification difficult with ‘universal’ primers. Herein, we report on three pairs of PCR primers that consistently amplify the hypervariable M COII‐COI gene junction region in 25 bivalve genera (Unionoidea: Ambleminae).
Eleven microsatellite loci in the sociobiologically enigmatic antLasius austriacus(Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Authors: STEINER F. M. , ARTHOFER W. , SCHLICK‐STEINER B. C. , CROZIER R. H. , STAUFFER C. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractWe describe the isolation and characterization of 11 microsatellite loci in the sociobiologically enigmatic antLasius austriacus. The polymerase chain reaction primers were tested on a population in East Austria. The number of alleles ranged from four to 19 and the observed heterozygosity from 0.200 to 0.900. Cross‐species amplification tests were performed, with some loci polymorphic in all species tested, for the closely related invasive speciesLasius neglectus, three furtherLasiusspecies, another formicine,Formica polyctena, and the invasive myrmicine speciesTetramorium tsushimae.
Variations in the transient prograde geothermal gradient from chloritoid‐staurolite equilibria: a case study from the Barrovian and Buchan‐type domains in the Bohemian Massif
Authors: KOŠULIČOVÁ M. , ŠTÍPSKÁ P. 
Published: November 2006

AbstractThermodynamic modelling of metamorphic rocks increases the possibilities of deciphering prograde paths that provide important insights into early orogenic evolution. It is shown that the chloritoid–staurolite transition is not only an indicator of temperature on prograde P–T paths, but also a useful indicator of pressure. The approach is applied to the Moravo‐Silesian eastern external belt of the Bohemian Massif, where metamorphic zones range from biotite to staurolite‐sillimanite. In the staurolite zone, inclusions of chloritoid occur in garnet cores, while staurolite is included at garnet rims and is widespread in the matrix. Chloritoid XFe = 0.91 indicates transition to staurolite at 5 kbar and 550 °C and consequently, an early transient prograde geothermal gradient of 29 °C km−1. The overall elevated thermal evolution is then reflected in the prograde transition of staurolite to sillimanite and in the achievement of peak temperature of 660 °C at a relatively low pressure of 6.5 kbar. To the south and to the west of the studied area, high‐grade metamorphic zones record a prograde path evolution from staurolite to kyanite and development of sillimanite on decompression. Transition of chloritoid to staurolite was reported in two places, with chloritoid XFe = 0.75–0.80, occurring at 8–10 kbar and 560–580 °C, and indicating a transient prograde geothermal gradient of 16–18 °C km−1. These data show variable barric evolutions along strike and across the Moravo‐Silesian domain. Elevated prograde geothermal gradient coincides with areas of Devonian sedimentation and volcanism, and syn‐ to late Carboniferous intrusions. Therefore, we interpret it as a result of heat inherited from Devonian rifting, further fuelled by syntectonic Carboniferous intrusions.
Evolution of Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms and Antidepressant Use Between 1988 and 1999 in a Large Sample of Older French People: Results from the Personnes Agées Quid Study
Authors: Montagnier Delphine , Barberger‐Gateau Pascale , Jacqmin‐Gadda Hélène , Dartigues Jean‐François , Rainfray Muriel , Pérès Karine , Lechevallier‐Michel Nathalie , Fourrier‐Réglat Annie 
Published: November 2006

OBJECTIVES: To describe the evolution of prevalence of depressive symptoms and antidepressant use between 1988 and 1999 in a large representative sample of older community‐dwelling French people.DESIGN: Prospective cohort designed in 1988/89 to study cerebral and functional aging.SETTING: Urban and rural communities in southwestern France.PARTICIPANTS: Three thousand six hundred thirty‐seven adults aged 65 and older living in noninstitutional settings at baseline.MEASUREMENTS: Participants were interviewed 3, 5, 8, and 10 years after the initial data collection. Depressive symptomatology was evaluated using a French version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Longitudinal analysis of the prevalence of depressive symptomatology was performed using a logistic mixed model adjusted for antidepressant use, sex, age, education level, living conditions, psychiatric antecedents, drug consumption, and diagnosis of dementia.RESULTS: Over the 10 years of follow‐up, the prevalence of depressive symptomatology decreased from 13.8% to 8.3%. This decrease was statistically significant even after adjustment (odds ratio=0.88 per increased year, 95% confidence interval=0.85–0.90) and was more pronounced in subjects having reported previous depression at baseline. During the same period, antidepressant use rose from 5.2% to 11.9%, mainly due to increased use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Furthermore, the proportion of subjects who had depressive symptoms and did not use antidepressants decreased from 11.8% to 6.2%.CONCLUSION: This study suggests better management of late‐life depression in the last decade and illustrates the heterogeneity of depression disorder in late life.
Longitudinal Change in Positive Affect in Community‐Dwelling Older Persons
Authors: Kurland Brenda F. , Gill Thomas M. , Patrick Donald L. , Larson Eric B. , Phelan Elizabeth A. 
Published: November 2006

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether positive affect, defined as emotional contentment and happiness, remains stable in late life and to identify predictors of longitudinal change in positive affect.DESIGN: Longitudinal observational study.SETTING: Community.PARTICIPANTS: Six hundred sixty‐three individuals aged 70 and older without disability at baseline and free of chronically depressed mood.MEASUREMENTS: Positive affect, social network, social activity, chronic health conditions, activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), cognitive functioning, and negative affect measured over 54 months, at 18‐month intervals, up to four times.RESULTS: Positive affect remained relatively stable over 4.5 years of follow‐up. Higher average levels of social activity and lower levels of negative affect were associated with higher positive affect. An increase of 1 point in negative affect (on a 7‐point scale) was associated with a 0.23‐point concurrent decrease in positive affect (on a 5‐point scale). Needing help in an additional IADL was associated with a decrease in positive affect of 0.04 points. A greater number of chronic conditions at enrollment was associated with lower positive affect.CONCLUSION: Positive affect is directly correlated with social involvement and inversely correlated with negative affect, IADL functioning, and comorbidity. Positive affect was mostly related to factors that do not change over time, although it showed some sensitivity to short‐ and long‐term changes in physical health and functioning.
Dynamic Balance and Stepping Versus Tai Chi Training to Improve Balance and Stepping in At‐Risk Older Adults
Authors: Nnodim Joseph O. , Strasburg Debra , Nabozny Martina , Nyquist Linda , Galecki Andrzej , Chen Shu , Alexander Neil B. 
Published: November 2006

OBJECTIVES: To compare the effect of two 10‐week balance training programs, Combined Balance and Step Training (CBST) versus tai chi (TC), on balance and stepping measures.DESIGN: Prospective intervention trial.SETTING: Local senior centers and congregate housing facilities.PARTICIPANTS: Aged 65 and older with at least mild impairment in the ability to perform unipedal stance and tandem walk.INTERVENTION: Participants were allocated to TC (n= 107, mean age 78) or CBST, an intervention focused on improving dynamic balance and stepping (n=106, mean age 78).MEASUREMENTS: At baseline and 10 weeks, participants were tested in their static balance (Unipedal Stance and Tandem Stance (TS)), stepping (Maximum Step Length, Rapid Step Test), and Timed Up and Go (TUG).RESULTS: Performance improved more with CBST than TC, ranging from 5% to 10% for the stepping tests (Maximum Step Length and Rapid Step Test) and 9% for TUG. The improvement in TUG represented an improvement of more than 1 second. Greater improvements were also seen in static balance ability (in TS) with CBST than TC.CONCLUSION: Of the two training programs, in which variants of each program have been proven to reduce falls, CBST results in modest improvements in balance, stepping, and functional mobility versus TC over a 10‐week period. Future research should include a prospective comparison of fall rates in response to these two balance training programs.
Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Colonization Is Associated with Higher Mortality in Nursing Home Residents with Impaired Cognitive Status
Authors: Suetens Carl , Niclaes Luc , Jans Béatrice , Verhaegen Jan , Schuermans Annette , Van Eldere Johan , Buntinx Frank 
Published: November 2006

OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization on morbidity and mortality of nursing home residents.DESIGN: Three‐year cohort study from 2000 to 2003.SETTING: Twenty‐three nursing homes of all types and regions in the northern part of Belgium (Flanders).PARTICIPANTS: Two thousand eight hundred fourteen nursing home residents.MEASUREMENTS: The consequences of MRSA colonization on mortality and hospitalization were studied, adjusting for potential confounders. Dates and cause of death and hospitalization were collected every 6 months during 3 years of follow‐up.RESULTS: After adjustment for age, sex, and Charlson comorbidity index, the risk for 36‐month mortality remained significantly higher in MRSA carriers (hazard ratio (HR)= 1.4, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.1–1.8) than in noncarriers. The effect of MRSA on mortality was dependent on the degree of cognitive impairment, with the highest effect in patients with severe cognitive impairment (adjusted HR =1.8, 95% CI =1.1–2.8) and absence of effect in residents with good mental status (adjusted HR =0.8, 95% CI =0.43–1.62). Deaths were more frequently reported to be infection‐related in MRSA carriers. No association was found between MRSA colonization and hospitalization for any reason, but during follow‐up, MRSA carriers were twice as frequently hospitalized for respiratory tract infections.CONCLUSION: Colonization of MRSA in Belgian nursing home residents was associated with higher mortality. This excess mortality was restricted to residents with impaired cognitive function, probably reflecting differences in therapeutic approaches, in delay of diagnosis of pneumonia and other acute disorders in these patients, or in both.
Prognostic Significance of Micturition Disturbances After Acute Stroke
Authors: Pettersen Renate , Wyller Torgeir Bruun 
Published: November 2006

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the prevalence, incidence, clinical types, and prognostic effect of micturition disturbances in acute stroke.DESIGN: Prospective observational study.SETTING: Geriatric department (stroke and rehabilitation unit) in a community hospital (acute phase); outpatient clinic, patients' own homes, or nursing homes (3 months follow‐up).PARTICIPANTS: Three hundred fifteen patients (mean age 77) with acute first‐ever or recurrent stroke consecutively admitted to the hospital stroke unit.MEASUREMENTS: Premorbid basic and instrumental activities of daily living (ADLs) and mental functioning; comorbidity; previous and actual micturition symptoms; stroke syndromes; medication use; and poststroke mobility, ADLs, and cognition.RESULTS: One hundred forty‐seven patients (46%) had preexisting micturition disturbances (urinary incontinence (UI), n=98; urgency/frequency, n=37; voiding difficulties, n=12). Seventy‐eight developed new symptoms (UI, n=65; urgency/frequency, n=4; sustained retention, n=9). There were two UI types: urge UI (n=27) and UI with impaired awareness of bladder needs (IA UI, n=38). In regression analyses, IA UI was the only micturition disturbance predicting mortality and need for nursing home care at 3 months (odds ratio (OR)=27.5, 95% confidence interval (CI)=7.0–108.2), together with poor mobility (OR=8.2, 95% CI=2.6–26.2), and partial or total anterior circulation stroke type (OR=3.6, 95% CI=1.4–9.0).CONCLUSION: New‐onset poststroke UI with impaired awareness of bladder needs is a strong and independent risk factor for poor outcome at 3 months. This probably reflects more serious brain damage, affecting sustained attention and information processing. Valid clinical tools to detect such dysfunction in stroke victims are needed. Clinical classification of poststroke UI is likely to improve management.
A sealed and unbreached system for purification, stimulation, and expansion of cytomegalovirus‐specific human CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes
Authors: Li Pira Giuseppina , Bottone Laura , Ivaldi Federico , Pelizzoli Roberta , Risso Marco , Tripodi Gino , Manca Fabrizio 
Published: November 2006

BACKGROUND: Recent clinical trials have demonstrated the efficacy of adoptive cellular therapy with virus‐specific lymphocytes in patients with defective cellular immune responses. Immunoreconstitution has become a challenge for cellular immunology and for transfusion medicine. In fact, both expertises are required to provide effective and safe cellular products. Because of in vitro manipulation, T‐lymphocyte cultures are at risk of contamination even under good manufacturing procedure (GMP) conditions.STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: To further improve the quality of these GMP cellular products, a procedure was designed for purification, stimulation, and expansion of antigen‐specific CD4 and CD8 T‐lymphocytes in a sealed, unbreached system. Leukopacks from the blood bank that fulfill the requirements of a GMP product were the starting material. Gradient separation and washing were performed in bags with sterile connecting devices on the bench‐top, as well as addition of ingredients (antigen, interleukin‐2) or transfer to larger bags.RESULTS: The method is described in detail, and it is shown that increase in number of cytomegalovirus‐specific CD4 or CD8 T‐lymphocytes was similar to procedures based on open culture systems. Cell expansion after 4 weeks ranged from 800‐ to 2400‐fold for CD4 lymphocytes and 300‐ to 900‐fold for CD8 lymphocytes. Antigen specificity and loss of alloreactivity were demonstrated on the expanded cells with proliferation, intracytoplasmic interferon gamma‐γ staining, cytolytic activity, and pentamer binding.CONCLUSION: This procedure can be applied to improve sterility under GMP conditions when T‐cell lines are generated for adoptive immunotherapy and may increase biosafety for the staff when cell lines are generated from subjects infected with dangerous pathogens.