bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Oligomerization mediated by the D2 domain of DTX3L is critical for DTX3L‐PARP9 reading function of mono‐ADP‐ribosylated androgen receptor
Authors: Vela‐Rodríguez Carlos , Yang Chunsong , Alanen Heli I. , Eki Rebeka , Abbas Tarek A. , Maksimainen Mirko M. , Glumoff Tuomo , Duman Ramona , Wagner Armin , Paschal Bryce M. , Lehtiö Lari 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDeltex proteins are a family of E3 ubiquitin ligases that encode C‐terminal RING and DTC domains that mediate interactions with E2 ubiquitin‐conjugating enzymes and recognize ubiquitination substrates. DTX3L is unique among the Deltex proteins based on its N‐terminal domain architecture. The N‐terminal D1 and D2 domains of DTX3L mediate homo‐oligomerization, and the D3 domain interacts with PARP9, a protein that contains tandem macrodomains with ADP‐ribose reader function. While DTX3L and PARP9 are known to heterodimerize, and assemble into a high molecular weight oligomeric complex, the nature of the oligomeric structure, including whether this contributes to the ADP‐ribose reader function is unknown. Here, we report a crystal structure of the DTX3L N‐terminal D2 domain and show that it forms a tetramer with, conveniently, D2 symmetry. We identified two interfaces in the structure: a major, conserved interface with a surface of 973 Å2 and a smaller one of 415 Å2. Using native mass spectrometry, we observed molecular species that correspond to monomers, dimers and tetramers of the D2 domain. Reconstitution of DTX3L knockout cells with a D1‐D2 deletion mutant showed the domain is dispensable for DTX3L‐PARP9 heterodimer formation, but necessary to assemble an oligomeric complex with efficient reader function for ADP‐ribosylated androgen receptor. Our results suggest that homo‐oligomerization of DTX3L is important for the DTX3L‐PARP9 complex to read mono‐ADP‐ribosylation on a ligand‐regulated transcription factor.
Disrupted protein interaction dynamics in a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder revealed by structural bioinformatics and genetic code expansion
Authors: Marino Valerio , Phromkrasae Wanchana , Bertacchi Michele , Cassini Paul , Chakrabandhu Krittalak , Dell'Orco Daniele , Studer Michèle 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDeciphering the structural effects of gene variants is essential for understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of genetic diseases. Using a neurodevelopmental disorder called Bosch‐Boonstra‐Schaaf Optic Atrophy Syndrome (BBSOAS) as a genetic disease model, we applied structural bioinformatics and Genetic Code Expansion (GCE) strategies to assess the pathogenic impact of human NR2F1 variants and their binding with known and novel partners. While the computational analyses of the NR2F1 structure delineated the molecular basis of the impact of several variants on the isolated and complexed structures, the GCE enabled covalent and site‐specific capture of transient supramolecular interactions in living cells. This revealed the variable quaternary conformations of NR2F1 variants and highlighted the disrupted interplay with dimeric partners and the newly identified co‐factor, CRABP2. The disclosed consequence of the pathogenic mutations on the conformation, supramolecular interplay, and alterations in the cell cycle, viability, and sub‐cellular localization of the different variants reflect the heterogeneous disease spectrum of BBSOAS and set up novel foundation for unveiling the complexity of neurodevelopmental diseases.
DNA‐dependent phase separation by human SSB2 (NABP1/OBFC2A) protein points to adaptations to eukaryotic genome repair processes
Authors: Kovács Zoltán J. , Harami Gábor M. , Pálinkás János , Kuljanishvili Natalie , Hegedüs József , Harami‐Papp Hajnalka , Mahmudova Lamiya , Khamisi Lana , Szakács Gergely , Kovács Mihály 
Published: March 2024

AbstractSingle‐stranded DNA binding proteins (SSBs) are ubiquitous across all domains of life and play essential roles via stabilizing and protecting single‐stranded (ss) DNA as well as organizing multiprotein complexes during DNA replication, recombination, and repair. Two mammalian SSB paralogs (hSSB1 and hSSB2 in humans) were recently identified and shown to be involved in various genome maintenance processes. Following our recent discovery of the liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) propensity of Escherichia coli (Ec) SSB, here we show that hSSB2 also forms LLPS condensates under physiologically relevant ionic conditions. Similar to that seen for EcSSB, we demonstrate the essential contribution of hSSB2's C‐terminal intrinsically disordered region (IDR) to condensate formation, and the selective enrichment of various genome metabolic proteins in hSSB2 condensates. However, in contrast to EcSSB‐driven LLPS that is inhibited by ssDNA binding, hSSB2 phase separation requires single‐stranded nucleic acid binding, and is especially facilitated by ssDNA. Our results reveal an evolutionarily conserved role for SSB‐mediated LLPS in the spatiotemporal organization of genome maintenance complexes. At the same time, differential LLPS features of EcSSB and hSSB2 point to functional adaptations to prokaryotic versus eukaryotic genome metabolic contexts.
Sensitivity of Plasmopara viticola to selected fungicide groups and the occurrence of the G143A mutant in Australian grapevine isolates
Authors: Ismail Ismail , Taylor Andrew S. , Van Den Heuvel Steven , Borneman Anthony , Sosnowski Mark R. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDGrapevine downy mildew, caused by Plasmopara viticola, is an economically important disease in Australia and worldwide. The application of fungicides is the main tool to control this disease. Frequent fungicide applications can lead to the selection of resistant P. viticola populations, which has negative impacts on the management of the disease. Identification of resistance and its prevalence is necessary to inform resistance management strategies.RESULTSA total of 86 P. viticola isolates were collected between 2017 and 2022 from vineyards in 15 growing regions across Australia for four fungicide groups; phenylamide (PA, group 4), carboxylic acid amide (CAA, group 40), quinone outside inhibitor (QoI, group 11) and quinone outside inhibitor stigmatellin binding type (QoSI, group 45). Decreased phenotypic sensitivity was detected for all four groups, and resistance to metalaxyl‐M (PA) and pyraclostrobin (QoI), was detected. Genetic analysis to detect the G143A (QoI) and G1105S (CAA) mutations using amplicon‐based sequencing was performed for 239 and 65 isolates collected in 2014–2017 and 2017–2022, respectively. G143A was detected in 8% and 52% of isolates, respectively, with strong association to phenotypic resistance. However, G1105S was not detected in any isolates.CONCLUSIONPlasmopara viticola isolates in Australia with resistance to at least two fungicide groups have been detected, therefore it is necessary to adopt resistance management strategies where resistance has been detected. Vineyards should continue to be monitored to improve management strategies for downy mildew. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Pesticide loaded nanohydrogel based on attapulgite and gelatin with improved foliar adhesion
Authors: Zhang Sijia , Xiao Zhenggang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDSPesticides have been widely applied to promote plant growth due to their high insecticidal efficiency. However, most pesticides easily slip from the leaf surface due to the low foliar adhesion, leading to significant damage to the environment and human health. Increasing foliar adhesion of pesticides has been a major challenge. Nanomaterial technology, which can deliver pesticide active ingredients, offers a new opportunity to increase pesticides efficacy with higher foliar adhesion.RESULTSIn this study, we prepared the pesticide loaded nanohydrogel ALP@Ge‐g‐P(AA‐co‐AM)/ATP by grafting attapulgite and gelatin onto P(AA‐co‐AM), and loading the pesticide alphacypermethrin synchronously via the emulsion solvent evaporation method. The size of the new nanohydrogel was 20.5 nm and the pesticide loading capacity was 21.5%. Compared to P(AA‐co‐AM), the water absorbency of Ge‐g‐P(AA‐co‐AM)/ATP increased by 54.3% in 120 min, while the water retention increased from 4.27% to 38.7% after 48 h. Washout experiments and contact angle results suggested that the nanohydrogel, with a contact angle of 44.8° indicating good wettability, can resist rain flush and increase foliar adhesion naturally.CONCLUSIONSOverall, the preparation of pesticide loaded nanohydrogel is simple. Experiments demonstrated the pesticide loaded nanohydrogel has high efficiency and strong foliar adhesion. This makes it a promising candidate for spraying application and reducing pollution levels. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Molecular mechanisms for selective action of afidopyropen to Myzus persicae and Coccinella septempunctata
Authors: Liu Xiaolan , Wang Qianwen , Liu Xinxin , Xiao Da , Liu Tong‐Xian , Liang Pei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDAfidopyropen is a novel insecticide with high selectivity between sucking insects such as the peach aphids Myzus persicae and natural enemies like the seven‐spotted lady beetle Coccinella septempunctata. However, the mechanisms of selective action for afidopyropen remain unknown.RESULTSThe LC50 values of afidopyropen to the 1st–4th instar larvae and adult C. septempunctata were 372‐ to more than 7267‐fold higher than that to adult M. persicae. Though the activity of cytochrome P450s in M. persicae was 6.1‐ to 7.5‐fold higher than that in C. septempunctata, the latter has much higher activities of carboxylesterase (CarEs) and glutathione S‐transferases (GSTs), and the crude enzyme of C. septempunctata and M. persicae showed similar metabolism efficiency to afidopyropen. Molecular docking results demonstrated that afdopyropen showed higher binding affinity to the vanilloid‐type transient receptor potential (TRPV) channel of M. persicae (−9.1 kcal/mol) than to that of C. septempunctata (−8.2 kcal/mol). And the EC50 value of afdopyropen to the TRPV channel of C. septempunctata (41 360 nM) was 19 885‐fold higher than that in M. persicae (2.08 nM).CONCLUSIONSOur results demonstrated that the significantly different sensitivity of M. persicae and C. septempunctata TRPV channel to afidopyropen play a key role in the high selectivity of afidopyropen. These findings provide new insights into the selective mechanisms of afidopyropen against insect pests and natural enemies as well as the theory support for coordinated application of chemical control and biological control. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
Pacing mobility trajectories: Temporality and agency in ‘home’ visits by migrant youth
Authors: Anschütz Sarah , Mazzucato Valentina 
Published: March 2024

AbstractResearch on transnational youth mobilities has shown the importance of visits to the ‘home’ country for young people's identities, sense of belonging and access to resources. Yet what transpires on these visits and how do young people agentically shape their experiences? This paper brings into dialogue scholarship on ‘homeland’ mobilities, trajectories and temporalities to shed light on how youth experience their attachments to a ‘homeland’ and reveal the mechanisms through which young people's lives are affected by ‘home’ visits. We use the temporal concept of pacing, recently developed in mobility studies, to analyze how young people experience ‘home’ visits at different moments in their lives. Drawing on 18 months of multi‐sited ethnographic fieldwork using mobile methods with Ghanaian‐background youth who live in Belgium, we show that visits to Ghana are experienced differently by youth throughout their life time in relation to how much control they exert over the pacing of their visits. Through their mobility and their practices before, during and after ‘home’ visits, young people craft affective experiences with people and places in Ghana and experience different paces of life across space and time. This ultimately shapes how young people imagine a future ‘good life’ that involves a transnational lifestyle and that has the ‘right pace’ by incorporating aspects of life from both Belgium and Ghana. A focus on pacing and trajectories contributes to acknowledging both temporal and spatial dimensions of transnational youth mobility.
Cellulose Extraction From Green Algae, Ulva Ohnoi, and Its Application to PVA‐Based Antibacterial Composite Films Incorporated With Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles
Authors: Lee Eun Hwang , Kim Duk Gon , Hong Su Jung , Kim Jun Tae , Shin Gye Hwa 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACTCellulose was successfully extracted from green algae (Ulva ohnoi) by chemical treatments. The contents of holocellulose and α‐cellulose significantly increased from 37.6% and 3.3% to 82.5% and 63.3%, respectively, after whole extraction treatments. The extracted cellulose (EC) was mixed to polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to prepare EC/PVA composite films with polyethylene glycol (PEG) or glycerol (GLY) as a plasticizer. The EC/3%PVA composite film showed the highest tensile strength of 54.42 MPa because of the high PVA content. Adding GLY steeply increased the elongation of the EC/3%PVA film from 3.12% to 126.76%, but adding PEG slightly decreased to 2.63%. The EC/1%PVA/PEG composite film showed the highest visible light transmittance of 84.47%, while the addition of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO‐NPs) significantly improved UV‐blocking properties. In addition, the incorporation of ZnO‐NPs on the EC/PVA‐based composite films showed excellent antibacterial activity against six Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative bacteria.
Zone‐based failure risk assessment of fatigue crack growth caused by initial defects in powder turbine disc
Authors: Wang Rongqiao , Kong Weihan , Cao Guanjie , Liu Xi , Mao Jianxing , Sun Haihe , Hu Dianyin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn this research, A zone‐based failure risk assessment (FRA) method of fatigue crack growth (FCG) caused by initial defects in the FGH96 alloy turbine disc is developed. Firstly, the initial defects distribution in the FGH96 alloy turbine disc is calculated based on the defect data. Subsequently, a probabilistic short FCG life model is established, taking into account the dispersion in grain size. Meanwhile, a probabilistic long FCG life model is established, incorporating the life dispersion factor. To calculate the Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) at any position of the disc, the general weight function method and the rectangular plate model are established. Finally, the zoning process is established, enabling a FRA that considers the FCG due to initial defects. The results indicate that the number of cycles corresponding to a 0.13% failure probability of the turbine disc is 7150, and the percentage of failures in each zone is analyzed.
Risk of kidney and liver diseases after COVID‐19 infection: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Pan Bei , Wang Xiaoman , Lai Honghao , Vernooij Robin W. M. , Deng Xiyuan , Ma Ning , Li Dan , Huang Jiajie , Zhao Weilong , Ning Jinling , Liu Jianing , Tian Jinhui , Ge Long , Yang Kehu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCOVID‐19 is not only associated with substantial acute liver and kidney injuries, but also with an elevated risk of post‐acute sequelae involving the kidney and liver system. We aimed to investigate whether COVID‐19 exposure increases the long‐term risk of kidney and liver disease, and what are the magnitudes of these associations. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Living Overview of the Evidence COVID‐19 Repository for cohort studies estimating the association between COVID‐19 and kidney and liver outcomes. Random‐effects meta‐analyses were performed to combine the results of the included studies. We assessed the certainty of the evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation approach. Fifteen cohort studies with more than 32 million participants were included in the systematic review COVID‐19 was associated with a 35% greater risk of kidney diseases (10 more per 1000 persons; low certainty evidence) and 54% greater risk of liver disease (3 more per 1000 persons; low certainty evidence). The absolute increases due to COVID‐19 for acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and liver test abnormality were 3, 8, and 3 per 1000 persons, respectively. Subgroup analyses found no differences between different type of kidney and liver diseases. The findings provide further evidence for the association between COVID‐19 and incident kidney and liver conditions. The absolute magnitude of the effect of COVID‐19 on kidney and liver outcomes was, however, relatively small.
Robust consensus tracking of one‐sided Lipschitz nonlinear multi‐agent systems under structured uncertainty and time‐varying delay
Authors: Li Yanzhou , Wu Yuanqing , Liao Siqin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article delves into the intricate matter of achieving robust consensus tracking of multi‐agent systems with structured uncertainty, one‐sided Lipschitz nonlinearity and time‐varying delay. It is important to note that the time delay is both time‐varying and bounded. To solve the consensus tracking problem of multi‐agent systems, we transform it into the stability problem of an error system. Then, a Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional, incorporating the free‐weighting matrix technique and integral inequality approach, is designed to investigate the stability of the obtained error system. The Leibnitz–Newton formula and its associated relationships among terms are also taken into account. Then, two distributed control strategyies that respectively utilizes relative state and output information of neighboring agents are designed. This approach enables us to find a feasible solution to the consensus tracking problem. Finally, several numerical examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed theoretical results.
An Unusual Presentation of Extragenital Lichen Sclerosus—An Extensive Keratotic Variant
Authors: Magaña Mario , Márquez-Maldonado Carol Estefania 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In this case report, we outline a case of a 71-year-old woman who presented to the dermatology clinic with a history of keratotic and atrophic warty-like plaques on her lower limbs, which limited the movements in her right lower extremity. A skin radial biopsy of one of the plaques was performed and the diagnosis of extragenital lichen sclerosus (ELS) was established. She underwent an anogenital exam and fortunately, lesions were not found. The patient in this case showed an unusual variant of ELS.
Transition‐Metal Catalyzed [4+2]‐Cycloaddition Reactions: A Sexennial Update
Authors: Panda Jasmine , Mohapatra Suhasini , Ansar Ahemad Mohammed , Nayak Sabita , Mohapatra Seetaram 
Published: March 2024

AbstractCycloaddition reactions serve as exceptionally useful strategy to provide atom‐economical, efficient and practical access to complex molecules from simple starting materials. The [4+2]‐cycloaddition reaction allows for the stereospecific construction of six‐membered carbo‐/heterocycles. Cycloaddition reactions catalyzed by transition metals are potent methods for the rapid construction of highly functionalized molecular frameworks. This review article summarizes the different reports on transition‐metal catalyzed [4+2]‐cycloaddition reactions involving various transition metals such as Pd, Cu, Rh, Au, Fe, Ni, Sc, Sn, Hf, Ag, Mn, Dy, Co etc. for the straightforward construction of pharmaceutically active six‐membered heterocycles. An emphasis is laid on the mechanistic insights to highlight the unique application of novel processes of transition‐metals in these transformations to build intricate polycyclic structures.
Silver Nanoparticles From Cassia alata L. Incorporated to Coconut Oil‐Oleogel Based Ointment As An Alternative for Diabetes Mellitus Wound Healing: Optimization, In Vitro and In Vivo Tests
Authors: Wiedagdo Setyanto Arief , Febriyanti Anjelika Putri , Huda Syamsul , Kusumaningrum Valentina , Perdana Evangelica Dian , Firdaus Maulidan 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDiabetes mellitus, a widespread chronic illness categorized by elevated blood sugar levels, poses a significant health burden. This study aimed to synthesize an optimal oleogel formula and investigate its impact on accelerating diabetic wound healing through a multidimensional approach. The evaluation spanned in vitro examination utilizing bacterial cultures, and in vivo assessments on mice, involving a meticulous 9‐day observation of wound healing percentages. The successful synthesis and characterization of AgNPs and Na‐CMC laid the foundation for further exploration. Oleogel formulation optimization using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) revealed the most effective composition featuring Na‐CMC at 4.5 %, beeswax at 12.5 %, and a stirring temperature of 80 °C. Manufacturing success was affirmed through comprehensive testing encompassing pH, organoleptic properties, dispersion, gelation time, and FTIR analyses. Characteristics of extracted nanoparticles were scrutinized through SEM‐EDX, PSA, and Zetapotential tests. In vitro evaluations showcased the commendable antibacterial activity of AgNPs. Notably, in vivo observations highlighted the superior wound healing capabilities of oleogel ointment enriched with AgNPs. These findings collectively underscore the promising potential of the synthesized oleogel in promoting the healing process for diabetic wounds, validated through diverse analytical approaches, marking a significant stride toward effective therapeutic interventions in diabetes‐related wound management.
Enantioselective Synthesis of Flavonoids and Their Diverse Applications in Nutrition, Health, and Medicine: A Mini Review
Authors: Qayyum Momna , Shahid Sammia , Mansoor Sana , Azam Qamar Muhammad 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEnantioselective synthesis, which yields one enantiomer in higher concentration or purity than the other, has transformed the production of flavonoids. Flavonoids, which are found in large quantities in nature and are known to exhibit a diverse array of physiological activities, are an ideal choice for enantioselective synthesis due to the significance of chirality in their therapeutic effects. Enantioselective synthesis is used in the medicinal, nutraceutical, and agrochemical sectors to produce flavonoids, which are useful in the development of novel therapeutics with improved effectiveness and fewer adverse reactions. The ability to obtain specific enantiomers of flavonoids facilitates the elucidation of biochemical strategies and the relationship between structure and activity, thereby providing avenues for tailored drug design and optimization. This review highlights the critical role that enantioselective synthesis plays in achieving the full potential of flavonoids for a variety of therapeutic and non‐therapeutic applications. It also discusses the challenges and prospects of enantioselective syntheses to create relevant classes of flavonoid monomers, emphasizing their applications in the field. The review focused on the synthetic methods for fabricating native flavonoids and their analogs, highlighting the critical role that enantioselective synthesis of flavonoids plays in maximizing their therapeutic potential for enhancing human health and wellbeing.