bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Nitric Oxide Releasing Metal–Diazeniumdiolate Complexes Strongly Induce Vasorelaxation and Endothelial Cell Proliferation
Authors: Ziche Marina , Donnini Sandra , Morbidelli Lucia , Monzani Enrico , Roncone Raffaella , Gabbini Roberta , Casella Luigi 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe preparation, characterization, and NO‐releasing properties of metal complexes derived from N‐aminoethylpiperazine‐N‐diazeniumdiolate (HPipNONO), [Cu(PipNONO)Cl] and [Ni(PipNONO)Cl], and the NiII complex derived from the Schiff base between HPipNONO and salicylaldehyde, [Ni(SalPipNONO)], are described. Compounds [Cu(PipNONO)Cl] and [Ni(SalPipNONO)] release NO at a much slower rate than HPipNONO in aqueous buffer in the pH range between 6.8 and 8.0. The kinetics of NO release by [Ni(SalPipNONO)] is complex, with an apparent stepwise release of NO molecules. Both [Cu(PipNONO)Cl] and [Ni(SalPipNONO)] are effective vasorelaxant agents of precontracted rabbit aorta rings, and are active in the nM concentration range. In addition, these complexes promote the proliferation of endothelial cells. Both vascular activities were inhibited by a specific inhibitor of guanylate cyclase, suggesting the involvement of the cGMP pathway. In all biological assays, the reference agent sodium nitroprusside was shown to be 10–1000‐fold less potent than the two metal–NONOates.
Development of Benzophenone‐Based Farnesyltransferase Inhibitors as Novel Antimalarials
Authors: Kohring Katja , Wiesner Jochen , Altenkämper Mirko , Sakowski Jacek , Silber Katrin , Hillebrecht Alexander , Haebel Peter , Dahse Hans‐Martin , Ortmann Regina , Jomaa Hassan , Klebe Gerhard , Schlitzer Martin 
Published: May 2008

AbstractThe development of farnesyltransferase inhibitors directed against Plasmodium falciparum is a strategy towards new drugs against malaria. Previously, we described benzophenone‐based farnesyltransferase inhibitors with high in vitro antimalarial activity but no in vivo activity. Through the introduction of a methylpiperazinyl moiety, farnesyltransferase inhibitors with in vivo antimalarial activity were obtained. Subsequently, a structure‐based design approach was chosen to further improve the antimalarial activity of this type of inhibitor. As no crystal structure of the farnesyltransferase of the target organism is available, homology modeling was used to reveal differences between the active sites of the rat/human and the P. falciparum farnesyltransferase. Based on flexible docking data, the piperazinyl moiety was replaced by a N,N,N′‐trimethylethylenediamine moiety. This resulted in an inhibitor with significantly improved in vitro and in vivo antimalarial activity. Furthermore, this inhibitor displayed a notable increase in selectivity towards malaria parasites relative to human cells.
Studies Addressing the Importance of Charge in the Binding of Fosmidomycin‐Like Molecules to Deoxyxylulosephosphate Reductoisomerase
Authors: Perruchon Johann , Ortmann Regina , Altenkämper Mirko , Silber Katrin , Wiesner Jochen , Jomaa Hassan , Klebe Gerhard , Schlitzer Martin 
Published: May 2008

AbstractFosmidomycin and its homologue FR900098 are inhibitors of 1‐deoxy‐D‐xylulose‐5‐phosphate reductoisomerase, which is part of the mevalonate‐independent isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway. Replacement of the phosphonate moiety by uncharged sulfone or sulfonamide partial structures resulted in complete loss of activity. Dropping one of the two negative charges resulted in a marked decrease in activity. Through occupation of a hydrophobic binding site, some activity could be regained, leading to compounds with micromolar activity against cultured malaria parasites.
Supratentorial ependymomas: Prognostic factors and outcome analysis in a retrospective series of 46 adult patients
Authors: Metellus Philippe , Figarella‐Branger Dominique , Guyotat Jacques , Barrie Marylin , Giorgi Roch , Jouvet Anne , Chinot Olivier ,   for the Club de Neuro‐Oncologie de la Société Française de Neurochirurgie and the Association des Neuro‐Oncologues d'Expression Française
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.Ependymomas account for 2% of all intracranial tumors in adults. Supratentorial ependymomas are less common than their infratentorial counterparts. To the authors' knowledge to date, the predictive values of surgery, histology, and patient‐related prognostic factors for these tumors remain unresolved. The authors report a series of adult patients with supratentorial ependymomas to characterize the roles of surgery and histology in tumor control.METHODS.The authors retrospectively studied a homogenous population of 46 adult patients who had supratentorial ependymomas from 24 French neurosurgical centers between 1990 and 2004. All clinicoradiologic and follow‐up data were analyzed, and a central pathologic review was performed by 2 certified neuropathologists.RESULTS.The mean (±standard error) 5‐ and 10‐year overall survival rates for the entire population were 57.1% ± 8.7% and 41.8% ± 9.9%, respectively. The 5‐ and 10‐year progression‐free survival rates for the entire cohort were of 33.8% ± 8.1% and 25.4 ± 8%, respectively. On both univariate and multivariate analysis, age <55 years, greater extent of surgery, and lower histologic grade were associated with longer overall and progression‐free survival. However, longer progression‐free survival but was not considered a candidate variable for the multivariate model, because data were available for only 34 of 46 patients.CONCLUSIONS.In association with age and extent of surgery, histologic grade was identified as a major prognostic factor in adult supratentorial ependymomas. The application of a simple and reproducible grading scheme using objective anaplastic criteria appeared to be both useful practically and clinically applicable. The role of adjuvant radiotherapy for patients with incompletely resected, low‐grade ependymomas needs to be investigated further. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Taxanes as primary chemotherapy for early breast cancer
Authors: Cuppone Federica , Bria Emilio , Carlini Paolo , Milella Michele , Felici Alessandra , Sperduti Isabella , Nisticò Cecilia , Terzoli Edmondo , Cognetti Francesco , Giannarelli Diana 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.In patients with locally advanced and operable breast cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been demonstrated to increase the chance of breast‐conserving surgery (BCS) when compared with adjuvant treatment; moreover, patients who achieve a pathologic complete response (pCR) have a better outcome. A literature‐based meta‐analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) to ‘weigh’ how much taxanes add to anthracyclines as primary treatment over standard chemotherapy was conducted.METHODS.Event‐based relative risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were derived through both a fixed‐effect and a random‐effect model; a heterogeneity test was applied as well. Absolute differences (AD) and the number (of patients) needed to treat (NNT) were calculated. Primary endpoints were: 1) pCR rate and 2) BCS rate. A sensitivity analysis of 3 subgroups according to taxane strategies was conducted.RESULTS.Data for primary endpoints were available for 7 RCTs (2455 patients). The rate of BCS was significantly higher for patients receiving taxanes, with an AD of 3.4% (P = .012), which translates into 29 patients NNT, without significant heterogeneity. The rate of pCR was higher for patients receiving taxanes, although not statistically significant. In the sensitivity analysis, patients receiving taxanes as a sequential schedule had a significant higher probability to achieve pCR, with an AD of 2.4% (P = .013), which translates into 41 patients NNT, without significant heterogeneity. Patients receiving taxanes as a concomitant schedule had a significantly higher probability to achieve BCS, with an AD of 5.3% (P = .027), which translates into 19 patients NNT, without significant heterogeneity. The complete response rate was significantly higher in the taxane arms, regardless of the adopted strategy, with an AD ranging from 6.7% to 15.5%.CONCLUSIONS.The combination of taxanes and anthracyclines as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for early breast cancer improves the chance of achieving both higher BCS and pCR rates.Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Complete remission sustained 3 years from treatment initiation is a powerful surrogate for extended survival in multiple myeloma
Authors: Barlogie Bart , Anaissie Elias , Haessler Jeffrey , van Rhee Fritz , Pineda‐Roman Mauricio , Hollmig Klaus , Alsayed Yazan , Epstein Joshua , Shaughnessy John D. , Crowley John 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.Complete response (CR) has been considered a necessary although not sufficient early clinical endpoint for extended survival in multiple myeloma.METHODS.By using Total Therapy 2 (TT2) clinical outcome data in 668 patients, whether sustained CR (SUS‐CR) was potentially a superior surrogate for survival than attaining CR status per se was evaluated.RESULTS.Compared with not achieving CR (NON‐CR) and especially achieving and subsequently losing CR status (LOS‐CR) within a 3‐year landmark from treatment initiation, SUS‐CR was associated with highly superior postlandmark survival (P< .0001). These results were validated in 231 untreated patients enrolled in the predecessor trial, TT1 (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.54,P= .013) and in 1103 previously treated patients on other transplant protocols (HR = 0.49;P< .001).CONCLUSIONS.In all 3 trial settings the survival benefit of SUS‐CR was independent of metaphase abnormalities as a dominant adverse parameter. Given its bleak prognosis despite high CR rates, SUS‐CR should be evaluated as a primary trial endpoint in high‐risk myeloma. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Hypermethylation of the DNA mismatch repair gene hMLH1 and Its association with lymph node metastasis and T1799A BRAF mutation in patients with papillary thyroid cancer
Authors: Guan Haixia , Ji Meiju , Hou Peng , Liu Zhi , Wang Cuifang , Shan Zhongyan , Teng Weiping , Xing Mingzhao 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.It remains to be investigated whether the aberrant methylation of DNA repair genes plays a pathogenic role in BRAF mutation‐promoted tumorigenesis of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).METHODS.In the current study, the promoter methylation status of 23 DNA repair genes in relation to clinicopathologic characteristics and BRAF mutation was examined in PTC tumors using methylation‐specific polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS.Among the 38 PTC tumors examined, 3 of 23 DNA repair genes were hypermethylated, including the hMLH1 gene in 8 of 38 samples (21%), the PCNA gene in 5 of 38 samples (13%), and the OGG1 gene in 2 of 38 samples (5%). Methylation of these genes was also found in some thyroid cancer cell lines. Methylation of the hMLH1 gene in particular was found to be associated with lymph node metastasis of PTC (5 of 8 samples [63%] in the methylation group vs 3 of 30 samples [10%] in the nonmethylation group; P = .0049). Methylation of the hMLH1 gene was also found to be associated with the T1799A BRAF mutation in PTC (6 of 19 samples (32%) in the BRAF mutation‐positive group vs 2 of 19 samples (11%) in the BRAF mutation‐negative group; P = .042).CONCLUSIONS.The data from the current study suggest that, as shown previously in colon cancer, aberrant methylation of the hMLH1 gene may play a role in BRAF mutation‐promoted thyroid tumorigenesis. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Gene‐expression profiling in Chinese patients with colon cancer by coupling experimental and bioinformatic genomewide gene‐expression analyses
Authors: Fan Junwei , Peng Zhihai , Zhou Chongzhi , Qiu Guoqiang , Tang Huamei , Sun Yuhao , Wang Xiaoliang , Li Qiang , Le Xiangdong , Xie Keping 
Published: May 2008

AbstractBACKGROUND.Expression microarrays are widely used for investigating the nature and extent of global gene‐expression changes in human cancer. Accurate genomewide gene‐expression profiles have not been conducted in colon tumor and normal colon tissue specimens obtained from Chinese patients.METHODS.In the present study a pure population of colon cancer and normal colon cells was obtained and the global gene‐expression differences were compared in the 2 cell types using combined experimental and bioinformatic approaches. Various categories of genes that were differentially expressed in those 2 types of cells were identified, including a novel candidate tumor marker, IFITM3.RESULTS.Elevated IFITM3 expression in colon cancer cells was first confirmed using quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. IFITM3 protein expression in human colon cancer specimens was further analyzed using both tissue microarray and standard tissue sections by immunostaining analyses. It was found that there was a significant IFITM3 increase in adenoma as compared with that in normal colon tissue.CONCLUSIONS.The data suggest that IFITM3 plays an important role in early colon cancer development. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society.
Preparation of Ni‐Based Metal Monolithic Catalysts and a Study of Their Performance in Methane Reforming with CO2
Authors: Wang Kai , Li Xiujin , Ji Shengfu , Huang Bingyao , Li Chengyue 
Published: May 2008

AbstractA series of Ni/SBA‐15/Al2O3/FeCrAl metal monolithic catalysts with Ni loadings varying between 3 % and 16 % were prepared, and their structure was characterized by various techniques. The catalytic activity of the catalyst for methane reforming with CO2 leading to synthesis gas was evaluated using a fixed‐bed reactor. The results indicate good catalytic activity of the Ni/SBA‐15/Al2O3/FeCrAl samples under the reaction conditions. The catalyst with a Ni loading of 8.0 % displays excellent activity and stability at 800 °C over 1400 h time on stream. After reaction, the hexagonal mesoporous structure of SBA‐15 is still present and the pore walls of SBA‐15 prevent the aggregation of nickel. Interactions between NiO, SBA‐15, and the Al2O3/FeCrAl support modify the redox properties of the Ni/SBA‐15/Al2O3/FeCrAl catalysts.
The influence of glycogen synthase kinase 3 in limiting cell addition in the mammalian ear
Authors: Lu Zhenjie , Corwin Jeffrey T. 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn the vestibular organs of the inner ear, an early postnatal decline in the capacity for cell proliferation appears to be responsible for limits to hair cell regeneration that are unique to mammals. We have investigated the time course of that decline in cell proliferation and its potential regulation by glycogen synthase kinase‐3 (GSK3). Our immunoblots have revealed that inactive GSK3β decreases postnatally in the murine utricular epithelium, as E‐cadherin and the active forms of GSK3α and GSK3β each increase. In cultured utricular epithelia, pharmacological inhibition of GSK3 by LiCl and SB‐216763 increased cell proliferation across a range of postnatal ages. LiCl treatments also led to increased levels of β‐catenin and Snail and decreased expression of E‐cadherin. Transfection with a dominant‐negative GSK3β enhanced proliferation in these epithelia in a cell‐autonomous manner, while overexpression of wild‐type GSK3β markedly reduced it. The evidence from these measurements and experimental manipulations indicates that the balance of active and inactive forms of GSK3 helps to determine whether mammalian vestibular supporting cells will proliferate; permitting proliferation during early development when inactive GSK3 predominates and progressively inhibiting proliferation, and thereby limiting the capacity for hair cell regeneration as more GSK3 becomes active during the first week of postnatal maturation. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol, 2008.
Adaptive finite element meshing at each iterative calculation for electromagnetic field analysis of rotating machines
Authors: Yamazaki Katsumi , Watari Shinjiro , Saeki Toshihiro , Sugiura Yoshinori 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a novel algorithm of the nonlinear time‐stepping finite element method for analyses of rotating machines. In the method, the adaptive finite element meshing is applied at each nonlinear and time‐stepping iterative calculation with the interpolate calculations of the potentials from the previous step. The primary finite element mesh at each time step is obtained from the final mesh of the previous time step with minor modification due to the movement of the rotor. The proposed method is applied to the characteristics calculations of a permanent magnet motor and an induction motor to verify the method's validity and its usefulness. It is clarified that the proposed method gives almost identical results to the conventional adaptive meshing method whereas the calculation time is reduced to less than 1/10 in most cases. As a result, the proposed method can reduce not only the time of making mesh manually but also the calculation time compared with the usual finite element method without adaptive meshing. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 164(3): 78–91, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20308
Increase of total fuel cost and line capacity for load demand under uncertainty
Authors: Banjo Daisuke , Hayashi Shigeo , Tamura Hiroyuki , Okauchi Taketoshi 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this paper, the risk of coming across flow neck in electric power systems is considered, and a computational example on expenses required in order to control the risk is shown. Total fuel cost increases by setting a margin which controls the risk. This cost is the necessary cost for the risk hedge. The uncertainty of load demand is assumed to be normal distribution. Then charge of the line flow which is calculated from changes of each load demand is assumed by using sensitivity coefficient. The risk of arising uncertainty of load line flow is shown. In order to control this risk, a margin is introduced, and the relation between this margin and the incremental fuel cost is calculated. This calculation technique can estimate expenses required in order to control the risk arising from uncertainty of load. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 164(3): 42–49, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20480
Experimental and analytical studies on lightning surge characteristics of a buried bare wire
Authors: Motoyama Hideki 
Published: May 2008

AbstractLightning surge analysis is very important from the viewpoint of insulation design of transmission lines and substations. Lightning surge analysis has many parameters, which include lightning surge characteristics of transmission towers, back flashover phenomena at an arcing horn, characteristics of footing resistance, effects of corona wave deformation, characteristics of electromagnetic fields caused by lightning, and other parameters. This paper describes experimental and analytical studies on lightning surge characteristics of a buried bare wire. The measurement of the lightning surge characteristics of the buried bare wire is carried out under various experimental conditions. The experimental parameters controlled in these experiments include earth resistance, length of the buried bare wire, and waveform of the injected current. The measured results are compared with analytical results based on the theoretical study by Sunde. A comparison of the measured results with the analytical results shows good agreement. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 164(3): 35– 41, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20532
Mechanisms of concurrent SiO desorption with oxide layer formation at Si(001) surface
Authors: Teraoka Yuden , Yoshigoe Akitaka , Moritani Kousuke 
Published: May 2008

AbstractOxidation reactions at Si(001) surfaces have been studied via real‐time in situ photoemission spectroscopy with synchrotron radiation for chemical bonding states of Si and O atoms and mass spectrometry for desorption of SiO molecules with supersonic O2 molecular beams in a temperature region from 900 K to 1300 K. In our previous studies, the SiO desorption yield decreased with increasing incident energy in a temperature region from 900 K to 1000 K. In that case, the time evolutions of Si 2p photoemission spectra showed that SiO2 structure on the surface was easily formed by the action of larger incident energy and the increased SiO2 coverage correlated with the decreased SiO desorption yield. In this study, simultaneous measurements of Si 2p photoemission spectra and SiO desorption yield revealed that the decrease of SiO correlated with the increase of Si2+ component, and the SiO desorption was terminated at the oxide thickness of 0.22 nm. These facts suggest that the SiO desorption takes place at the topmost Si dimers and a precursor for SiO desorption is a so‐called T site, in which O atoms are bonding with the dangling bonds of the dimers. Consequently, M1 and M2 in the Dual‐Oxide‐Species (DOS) model have been clarified to be a T site and a Si2+ state, respectively. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 164(3): 60–68, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20678
On the method of investigating human exposure to nonuniform magnetic field
Authors: Yamazaki Kenichi , Kawamoto Tadashi , Fujinami Hideo , Shigemitsu Tsukasa 
Published: May 2008

AbstractRegarding compliance testing with existing guidelines on human exposure to ELF (extremely low frequency) magnetic fields, the nonuniformity of the fields has been one of the major concerns since guideline‐level exposures are generally encountered in the direct vicinity of magnetic field sources such as electric power facilities and electric appliances. According to the guidelines, when the measured maximum magnetic fields exceed the specified field level, induced currents inside human bodies are to be investigated to check their conformity. However, this calculation still needs verification and requires massive computational resources, which are not readily applicable under practical exposure conditions. Therefore, a simple and relevant method of assessing nonuniform magnetic field exposure is highly desirable. In this paper, a method of obtaining an equivalent uniform magnetic field using a coefficient (the normalized induction factor) is investigated by a numerical calculation of induced current in anatomically correct human models. In addition, to assess the obtained coefficient easily, a simple method using a spherical model was proposed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 164(3): 1–11, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20691
Removal of adherent noise in images by using multiple cameras
Authors: Yamashita Atsushi , Kuramoto Masayuki , Kaneko Toru 
Published: May 2008

AbstractIn this paper, we propose a new method for removing view‐disturbing noise from images taken with multiple cameras. In outdoor environments, scenes taken by cameras are often hard to see because of adherent noise on the surface of the lens‐protecting glass. The proposed method analyzes multiple camera images describing the same scene, and synthesizes an image in which adherent noise is eliminated. We show the effectiveness of the proposed method through experimental results. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Electr Eng Jpn, 164(3): 50–59, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/eej.20697