bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
ChatGPT for Automated Cross‐Checking of Authors' Conflicts of Interest Against Industry Payments
Authors: Safranek Conrad , Liu Christina , Richmond Rhys , Boyi Trinithas , Rimmer Ryan , Manes R. Peter 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveThe Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services “OpenPayments” database tracks industry payments to US physicians to improve research conflicts of interest (COIs) transparency, but manual cross‐checking of articles' authors against this database is labor‐intensive. This study aims to assess the potential of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT to automate COI data analysis in medical publications.Study DesignAn observational study analyzing the accuracy of ChatGPT in automating the cross‐checking of COI disclosures in medical research articles against the OpenPayments database.SettingPublications regarding Food and Drug Administration‐approved biologics for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis: omalizumab, mepolizumab, and dupilumab.MethodsFirst, ChatGPT evaluated author affiliations from PubMed to identify those based in the United States. Second, for author names matching 1 or multiple payment recipients in OpenPayments, ChatGPT undertook a comparative analysis between author affiliation and OpenPayments recipient metadata. Third, ChatGPT scrutinized full article COI statements, producing an intricate matrix of disclosures for each author against each relevant company (Sanofi, Regeneron, Genentech, Novartis, and GlaxoSmithKline). A random subset of responses was manually checked for accuracy.ResultsIn total, 78 relevant articles and 294 unique US authors were included, leading to 980 LLM queries. Manual verification showed accuracies of 100% (200/200; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 98.1%‐100%) for country analysis, 97.4% (113/116; 95% CI: 92.7%‐99.1%) for matching author affiliations with OpenPayments metadata, and 99.2% (1091/1100; 95% CI: 98.5%‐99.6%) for COI statement data extraction.ConclusionLLMs have robust potential to automate author‐company‐specific COI cross‐checking against the OpenPayments database. Our findings pave the way for streamlined, efficient, and accurate COI assessment that could be widely employed across medical research.
Pediatric Robotic Laryngeal Cleft Repair
Authors: Worden Cameron P. , Prince Andrew C. , Kirse Samuel N. , Rutter Christopher , Hackman Trevor G. , Yarbrough Wendell G. , Zanation Adam M. , Zdanski Carlton J. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectiveCompare surgical and swallow outcomes in robotic versus traditional laryngeal cleft (LC) repairs.Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.SettingTertiary care pediatric hospital.MethodsPediatric patients who underwent robotic or traditional (open or endoscopic) LC repair between 2010 and 2021 were identified. Patient characteristics, operative times, adverse events, hospital length of stay (LOS), and modified barium swallow study (MBSS) results were compared.ResultsEighteen robotic and thirty traditional LC repairs were identified. Mean surgical (149 vs 111 min, P < .05) and OR times (207 vs 139 min, P < .002) were increased for robotic type I LC repairs, but were similar for type II and III LC. Mean hospital LOS was increased for robotic type I LC repairs (2.6 vs 1.2 days, P < .006), but was decreased for type II (4 vs 12.2 days) and type III (4.3 vs 94.5 days) LC. Postoperative MBSS results were improved for robotic type I LC repairs at 12 months (82% vs 43%, P = .05), and trended toward improvement at 6 months for type II (75% vs 22%), and type III (67% vs 50%) LC repairs, although significance was limited for type II and III LC due to the number of subjects. A robotic approach was used successfully to revise all recurrent LC that failed traditional repairs.ConclusionRobotic type 1 LC repairs demonstrated increased operative times and hospital LOS but improved postoperative swallow outcomes compared to traditional approaches may be particularly useful in cases of recurrent clefts.
Infant safe havens
Authors: Bullinger Lindsey Rose 
Published: March 2024

AbstractI estimate whether the ability to anonymously surrender an infant to a safe haven site such as a hospital, police station, or fire station in the United States affects child well‐being. By analyzing variation in state safe haven policies, I find safe haven laws significantly increase infant foster care entrance. I further find suggestive evidence of safe havens reducing infant deaths. The mortality effects are immediate but subside over time, implying infants have been relinquished when their alternative was not death from abuse or abandonment. Robustness checks and falsification tests support these findings.
The relationship between cumulative risk and health‐related quality of life in youth with sickle cell disease: Moderating effects of secondary control engagement coping
Authors: Belkin Elise M. , Koskela‐Staples Natalie , Turner Elise , Black L. Vandy , Fedele David A. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundYouth with sickle cell disease (SCD) often experience low health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). Engagement in resilience‐promoting processes, such as secondary control engagement (SCE) coping, or adapting to stressors, may be linked to contextual risk factors (e.g., poverty status). This study aims to illuminate relationships between a cumulative risk index (CRI), SCE coping, and HRQOL in youth with SCD and test whether SCE coping moderates the relationship between CRI and HRQOL.ProcedureParticipants in this cross‐sectional study included 63 youth ages 8–18 with SCD. Participants completed measures to assess SCE coping use (Responses to Stress Questionnaire) and HRQOL (PedsQL SCD Module). Six variables from the electronic medical record were compiled in a CRI. Correlational and regression analyses examined relationships between primary variables and moderating effects of SCE coping, respectively.ResultsModel results show that SCE coping and CRI explain variation in HRQOL (p = .001), and a significant interaction exists between SCE and CRI (β = −.29, p = .02), with a stronger inverse relationship between CRI and HRQOL for higher SCE values. This suggests that lower CRI is associated with greater HRQOL for those with higher SCE coping relative to lower SCE coping.ConclusionsSCE coping may selectively benefit children with SCD experiencing lower cumulative risk, warranting encouragement of this strategy in clinical settings. Findings do not support SCE coping benefits for youth with higher risk, suggesting that the strategy may not be useful when risk‐related stressors are especially pervasive; alternative protective factors should be identified for this risk group.
Investigation of the effect of thermal aging and wear test parameters on the wear behavior of glass fiber (GF) reinforced epoxy composites
Authors: Sahin Alp Eren , Yarar Eser , Bora Mustafa Ozgur , Yilmaz Taner 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study focused on the wear behavior of unidirectional, thick GF epoxy composites produced using the autoclave method. The thermal aging process was applied for 250 and 500 cycles to understand the wear behavior of the material as it ages over time. To evaluate the wear behavior of the samples, wear tests were carried out under three different loads (10, 20, and 30 N) and three different sliding distances (150, 300, and 450 m). Taguchi‐based regression analysis was used to analyze the experimental results. The results obtained were evaluated using ANOVA tables and main and contour graphs. When the test results are examined, it is surprisingly observed that the wear resistance of the composite material increases positively with the aging effect. With thermally aging while the coefficient of friction value of composite samples increases from approximately 0.12 to 0.3, the wear volume decreases from approximately 4 to 1.3 mm3. Taguchi based regression analysis showed that the relationship between wear and thermal cycle sliding distance and load can be established by reducing the number of experiments in wear studies.Highlights
Thermal aging effect on wear properties of thick GFRP was determined.
Minimum wear volume and COF values were determined by applying ANOVA.
It was determined that a load increment has the most impact on wear volume.
Worn surface images supported the reduction in the wear rates of the thick GFRP.
Empirical regression models developed for the mathematical prediction.
Improvement of mechanical and thermal expansion properties of pectinase treatment plant fiber reinforced starch/PBAT composites
Authors: Yang Xingxing , Wang Min , Li Yongmei , Wang Wei , Liu Yuang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study discussed the impact of pectinase treatment on the properties of starch/PBAT composite, using two types of plant fibers such as coconut coir and bamboo fibers. The fibers underwent pretreatment with pectinase assisted by ultrasonics, and the composite was subsequently produced through hot pressing. The research focused on evaluating the thermal properties, mechanical properties, moisture absorption properties, and microstructure of the resulting composites. The findings revealed that the inclusion of pectinase‐treated plant fibers significantly enhanced the composite's strength. In particular, the bending strength of the composite with 15 wt% bamboo fibers exhibited the highest improvement, registering a 65% increase compared to the composite without added fibers. Additionally, the linear expansion coefficient of the plant fiber composite treated with pectinase was notably lower than that without added fibers. Among these, the linear expansion coefficient of the 15 wt% coir fiber composite decreased by 73.4% in the temperature range of 40–80°C compared to the composite without added fibers. The observed effects were attributed to the pectinase treatment, which proved effective in disrupting the network structure of cell walls, eliminating pectin components from fibers, and facilitating enhanced interaction between the fillers and the polymer matrix.Highlights
The inclusion of fibers significantly enhanced the composite's strength.
10 wt% of bamboo fibers had a greater impact on the composite's strength than coir fiber.
The linear expansion coefficient of the plant fiber composite decreased.
The composite with 5 wt% bamboo fiber demonstrated excellent moisture resistance.
The pectinase treatment enhanced interaction between fillers and matrix.
Investigation of the geometric parameters on the performance of glass fiber reinforced polymer laminated mechanical joints under fatigue loading
Authors: Gupta Akash , Singh Manjeet , Saini J. S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe present work optimizes the geometric parameters of glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminated pin joints under fatigue loading conditions using response surface methodology (RSM). RSM is utilized to construct polynomial functions that optimally capture the behavior of experimental data, intending to make statistical inferences. Key geometric parameters, that is the edge and width dimensions were studied in pursuit of enhanced performance under fatigue loading of pin joints. The study aimed to validate the effectiveness of the optimized parameters, particularly for attaining load‐bearing capacity, fatigue life, and failure mode using numerical and experimental approaches. Optimal configurations were achieved, that is edge and width equal to 16 mm at which the failure mode shifts to bearing mode. Another configuration with an edge of 20 mm and a width of 22 mm was achieved for optimized fatigue life. These findings underscore the practical implications of the optimization process, with the potential for substantial gains in fatigue life and strength of GFRP laminated pin joints in engineering applications. The identified optimal configurations exhibited a non‐catastrophic bearing failure mode, emphasizing a crucial characteristic that provides prior‐warning before the occurrence of final failure. The experimental results align well with the numerical outcomes regarding fatigue life and the mode of failure.Highlights
Parametric optimization of GFRP pin joint under cyclic loading.
Optimization of GFRP pin joints via RSM for cyclic loading.
Validation through numerical and experimental approaches.
Comparison of fatigue life at optimum design points.
Depiction of the failure modes using damage pattern under fatigue loading.
Systematic qualitative analysis of terpenes in mastic (Pistacia lentiscus L.) extract and their fragmentations by UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐HRMS
Authors: Kahaer Gulimire , Abdulla Rahima , Wu Tao , Aisa Haji Akber 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionMastic is a natural resin produced by Pistacia lentiscus L. (Anacardiaceae). The beneficial properties of this resin are attributed to its triterpenes and volatile compounds.ObjectiveThis study was conducted to screen and characterize the terpenes in mastic ethyl acetate extract (M‐Ex).MethodsAn ultrahigh‐performance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole Orbitrap high‐resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐Q‐Orbitrap‐HRMS) method was developed for the qualitative analysis of terpenes in M‐Ex. We utilized in‐house‐isolated compounds as reference substance (Rs), including monoterpenes (A) with α‐pinane structures, tetracyclic triterpene (B) containing tirucallane skeletons, and pentacyclic triterpene (C) belonging to olean, moronic, amyrone, and lupane types. Based on the mass spectrometric characteristics of the above compounds, and the difference in characteristic diagnostic fragment ions (DFIs) in isomeric compounds, the terpene compounds were further identified in M‐Ex.ResultsOut of a total of 70 compounds, including monoterpenes and tetra‐, and pentacyclic triterpenes, 20 were accurately determined by Rs, retention time (RT), and DFIs.Based on the cleavage patterns summarized from the above 20 compounds and with reference to the reported literature, another 50 compounds were putatively identified. Based on our discovery, six terpenic acids with A‐seco‐tirucallane types and one monoterpene dimer were identified for the first time in mastic.ConclusionOur research serves not only as a foundation for the rapid identification and screening of terpene compounds in mastic but also as a supplementary basis for the identification of such compounds in other types of resins.
Preparation and adsorption behavior investigation of polypropylene/organically modified saponite nanocomposites fiber membrane with strong oil‐adsorption
Authors: Luo Qiang , Li Fei , Zhen Weijun , Ge Qing , Zhou Yushen , Ma Chunmei , Sun Pengtao , Xu Jianbo , Chen Buning 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTo improve the adsorption and reusability of polypropylene (PP) fiber membranes, the organically modified saponite (Sap@P(St‐co‐MMA)) was prepared by solution polymerization. Furthermore, PP‐based nanocomposite fiber membranes with strong oil adsorption, thermal stability, and reusability were prepared via melt‐blown technology. The increased specific surface area of PP‐based nanocomposite fiber membranes (PP‐1.5%) provided more active sites for the oil adsorption. Simultaneous rheology and Fourier transform infrared measurements tests showed that Sap@P(St‐co‐MMA) enhanced the crystallinity of PP matrix, promoted the regular arrangement of molecules, and improved the intermolecular interaction force, which was beneficial for the oil adsorption. The adsorption of PP‐1.5% (1.5 wt% addition of Sap@P(St‐co‐MMA)) fiber membrane for xylene and kerosene reached a maximum of 15.84 and 22.84 g g−1, respectively. In the treatment of coal tar wastewater, the removal rate of oil can reach 62.9%, and the removal rate can still reach 51.17% after five cycles of experiments. In summary, PP‐1.5% fiber membrane does not produce secondary pollution to the environment, and is a kind of oil removal material with good application prospect.Highlights
PP‐based nanocomposites fiber membrane with strong oil adsorption was prepared.
Organically modified saponite had strong heterogenous nucleation for PP matrix.
Sap@P(St‐co‐MMA) increased the specific surface area of PP‐based fiber membrane.
Characterization of diverse lysine acylations in Bacillus thuringiensis: Substrate profiling and functional exploration
Authors: Liu Tianxian , Zhang Mingya , Fan Yameng , Zhao Lei , Huang Dan , Zhao Liuchang , Tan Minjia , Ye Bang‐Ce , Xu Jun‐Yu 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLysine acylation has been extensively investigated due to its regulatory role in a diverse range of biological functions across prokaryotic and eukaryotic species. In‐depth acylomic profiles have the potential to enhance comprehension of the biological implications of organisms. However, the extent of research on global acylation profiles in microorganisms is limited. Here, four lysine acylomes were conducted in Bacillus thuringiensis by using the LC‐MS/MS based proteomics combined with antibody‐enrichment strategies, and a total of 3438 acetylated sites, 5797 propionylated sites, 1705 succinylated sites, and 925 malonylated sites were identified. The motif analysis of these modified proteins revealed a high conservation of glutamate in acetylation and propionylation, whereas such conservation was not observed in succinylation and malonylation modifications. Besides, conservation analysis showed that homologous acylated proteins in Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli were connected with ribosome and aminoacyl‐tRNA biosynthesis. Further biological experiments showed that lysine acylation lowered the RNA binding ability of CodY and impaired the in vivo protein activity of MetK. In conclusion, our study expanded the current understanding of the global acylation in Bacillus, and the comparative analysis demonstrated that shared acylation proteins could play important roles in regulating both metabolism and RNA transcription progression.
On the use of tandem mass spectra acquired from samples of evolutionarily distant organisms to validate methods for false discovery rate estimation
Authors: Madej Dominik , Lam Henry 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEstimating the false discovery rate (FDR) of peptide identifications is a key step in proteomics data analysis, and many methods have been proposed for this purpose. Recently, an entrapment‐inspired protocol to validate methods for FDR estimation appeared in articles showcasing new spectral library search tools. That validation approach involves generating incorrect spectral matches by searching spectra from evolutionarily distant organisms (entrapment queries) against the original target search space. Although this approach may appear similar to the solutions using entrapment databases, it represents a distinct conceptual framework whose correctness has not been verified yet. In this viewpoint, we first discussed the background of the entrapment‐based validation protocols and then conducted a few simple computational experiments to verify the assumptions behind them. The results reveal that entrapment databases may, in some implementations, be a reasonable choice for validation, while the assumptions underpinning validation protocols based on entrapment queries are likely to be violated in practice. This article also highlights the need for well‐designed frameworks for validating FDR estimation methods in proteomics.
Development of a laser‐assisted fused deposition modeling process for improvement in bond tensile strength of ABS
Authors: Biswal Hrudaya J. , Metcalf Marshall , Stefanescu Cristina , Lucon Peter 
Published: March 2024

AbstractFused deposition modeling (FDM), an advanced 3D printing method, is a rapidly growing technology for realizing geometrically complex parts. FDM utilizes a thermoplastic feedstock that is heated and extruded through a nozzle to build up layers of material following toolpaths prescribed by three‐dimensional (3D) data. However, the rapid thermal cycles that the material undergoes during this process limit the formation, growth, and entanglement of the molecular chains in the material. Herein, we have proposed a novel laser‐assisted fused deposition modeling (LAFDM) process for the improvement in printed part properties such as bond width and tensile strength. The LAFDM system was developed consisting of an infrared laser, coupled with an industrial FDM printer. Using an adapted tensile testing method, the bond strength between deposited layers of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) in 3D‐printed structures was assessed. Thermogravimetric analysis was used to monitor the thermal stability of the polymer to detect alterations to the chemical composition of the material as a result of the processing conditions. A 9.5% increase in the average bond tensile strength for the LAFDM‐printed specimen was observed compared to that of the non‐laser‐assisted FDM‐printed specimen. The improvement to the bond strengths was achieved without compromising the thermal stability of the polymer.
Pancreatitis in cystic fibrosis: Presentation, medical and surgical management, and the impact of modulator therapies
Authors: Milano Reza V. , Morneault‐Gill Kayla , Kamal Hebat Y. , Barkin Jodie A. , Chadwick Christina Baldwin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPatients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) are at increased risk of acute (AP) and chronic (CP) pancreatitis, and their complications. The extent of remaining healthy pancreatic parenchyma determines the risk of developing future episodes of pancreatitis, as well as pancreatic exocrine or endocrine insufficiency. Pancreatitis may be the presenting symptom of CF, and genetic testing is especially important in pediatrics. AP and recurrent AP are managed with intravenous fluid hydration and pain control, in addition to early refeeding and treatment of complications. With the use of modulator therapy in CF, pancreatic function may be restored to some extent. CP related pain is managed with analgesics and neuromodulators, with surgery if indicated in specific situations including TPIAT as a possible type of surgical intervention. Long‐term sequelae of CP in patients with CF include exocrine pancreatic insufficiency treated with pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy, fat‐soluble vitamin deficiencies and associated metabolic complications such as bone disease/osteoporosis, pancreatogenic diabetes, and less commonly, pancreatic cancer. We review the presentation and etiologies of pancreatitis in CF patients as well as the management of AP and CP primarily in children.
Synthesis of site‐specific Fab‐drug conjugates using ADP‐ribosyl cyclases
Authors: Kim Hyo Sun , Hariri Kimia , Zhang Xiao‐Nan , Chen Liang‐Chieh , Katz Benjamin B. , Pei Hua , Louie Stan G. , Zhang Yong 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTargeted delivery of small‐molecule drugs via covalent attachments to monoclonal antibodies has proved successful in clinic. For this purpose, full‐length antibodies are mainly used as drug‐carrying vehicles. Despite their flexible conjugation sites and versatile biological activities, intact immunoglobulins with conjugated drugs, which feature relatively large molecular weights, tend to have restricted tissue distribution and penetration and low fractions of payloads. Linking small‐molecule therapeutics to other formats of antibody may lead to conjugates with optimal properties. Here, we designed and synthesized ADP‐ribosyl cyclase‐enabled fragment antigen‐binding (Fab) drug conjugates (ARC‐FDCs) by utilizing CD38 catalytic activity. Through rapidly forming a stable covalent bond with a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)‐based drug linker at its active site, CD38 genetically fused with Fab mediates robust site‐specific drug conjugations via enzymatic reactions. Generated ARC‐FDCs with defined drug‐to‐Fab ratios display potent and antigen‐dependent cytotoxicity against breast cancer cells. This work demonstrates a new strategy for developing site‐specific FDCs. It may be applicable to different antibody scaffolds for therapeutic conjugations, leading to novel targeted agents.