bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Complications and outcomes associated with use of gastrostomy tubes for nutritional management of dogs with renal failure: 56 cases (1994–1999)
Authors: Elliott Denise A. , Riel Darlene L. , Rogers Quinton R. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate complications and outcomes associated with use of gastrostomy tubes in dogs with renal failure.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—56 dogs.Procedure—Medical records were reviewed for dogs with renal failure that were treated by use of gastrostomy tubes.Results—Mean ± SD BUN concentration was 134 ± 79 mg/dl and mean serum creatinine concentration was 9.0 ± 3.8 mg/dl. Low-profile gastrostomy tubes were used for initial placement in 10 dogs, and traditional gastrostomy tubes were used in 46 dogs. Mild stoma-site complications included discharge, swelling, erythema, and signs of pain in 26 (46%) of dogs. Twenty-six gastrostomy tubes were replaced in 15 dogs; 11 were replaced because of patient removal, 6 were replaced because of tube wear, and 3 were replaced for other reasons. Six tubes were replaced by low-profile gastrostomy tubes. Gastrostomy tubes were used for 65 ± 91 days (range, 1 to 438 days). Eight dogs gained weight, 11 did not change weight, and 17 lost weight; information was not available for 20 dogs. Three dogs were euthanatized because they removed their gastrostomy tubes, 2 were euthanatized because of evidence of tube migration, and 1 died of peritonitis.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Gastrostomy tubes appear to be safe and effective for improving nutritional status of dogs with renal failure. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2000;217:1337–1342)
Removal of large fragments of the extensor process of the distal phalanx via arthrotomy in horses: 14 cases (1992–1998)
Authors: Dechant Julie E. , Trotter Gayle W. , Stashak Ted S. , Hendrickson Dean A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate the outcome of horses with large fragments of the extensor process of the distal phalanx that were removed by use of arthrotomy.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—14 horses with large fragments of the extensor process of the distal phalanx.Procedure—Medical records for horses with large fragments of the extensor process that were removed by use of arthrotomy were reviewed. Data retrieved from medical records included signalment, use of horse, affected limb, lameness history, lameness examination findings, radiographic findings, surgical technique, and outcome. Follow-up evaluation was obtained by telephone interview.Results—Most affected horses were < 5 years old and had a history of chronic lameness. Lameness grade ranged from 1/5 to 4/5. Fragments involved 20 to 45% of the dorsopalmar articular surface of the distal phalanx. Eight of 14 horses had a successful outcome. Outcome was not associated with age, duration or severity of lameness, or fragment size.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Despite involvement of a large portion of the articular surface and use of arthrotomy, joint instability and permanent soft tissue injury was not a problem in most horses. Outcome may be improved by selection of horses with lameness of < 2 years' duration and careful management after surgery. A fair prognosis may be anticipated for removal of large fragments of the extensor process via arthrotomy. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2000; 217:1351–1355)
Association of serologic status for Neospora caninum with postweaning weight gain and carcass measurements in beef calves
Authors: Barling Kerry S. , McNeill John W. , Thompson James A. , Paschal Joe C. , McCollum III F. Ted , Craig Thomas M. , Adams L. Garry 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine the seroprevalence forNeospora caninumin a population of beef calves in a feedlot and the association of serologic status with postweaning weight gain and carcass measurements.Design—Longitudinal observational study.Animals—1,009 weaned beef steers from 92 herds.Procedure—Samples were obtained from all steers at time of arrival at a feedlot. Serologic status forNeosporaspp was determined, using an agglutination test. Results of serologic testing were compared with calf growth and carcass data, using multivariate regression with generalized estimating equations.Results—Of 1,009 calves, 131 (12.98%) were seropositive, and 54 of 92 (58.7%) consignments had ≥ 1 seropositive calf. Median within-consignment prevalence for consignments in which there was ≥ 1 seropositive calf was 20%. Seropositive status was associated with significant reductions in average daily gain, live body weight at slaughter, and hot carcass weight and an increase in ribeye area-to-hot carcass weight ratio. Seropositive status also was associated with significant increases in cost of treatment and significant reductions in income. Sick seropositive calves had the highest cost of treatment. An economic loss of $15.62/calf was projected for seropositive calves.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Significant reductions in postweaning weight gain, carcass weight, and economic return were associated with detection of antibodies toN caninumin beef calves in a feedlot. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2000;217: 1356–1360)
Survey of veterinary conference attendees for evidence of zoonotic infection by feline retroviruses
Authors: Butera Salvatore T. , Brown Jennifer , Callahan Margaret E. , Owen S. Michele , Matthews Aprille L. , Weigner Drew D. , Chapman Louisa E. , Sandstrom Paul A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To examine exposure risks, possibility of zoonosis, and potential disease associations for feline retroviruses among a group of occupationally exposed individuals.Design—Unlinked voluntary cross-sectional epidemiologic survey.Sample Population—204 veterinarians, laboratory scientists, and other occupationally exposed individuals who attended a veterinary conference on feline geriatric medicine.Procedure—Blood was collected from participants who also completed a 13-question survey requesting demographic, occupational, exposure, and health information. Blood specimens were fractionated into plasma and mononuclear cell components. Plasma was tested for antibodies against feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline foamy virus (FeFV), as well as p27 antigen of FeLV. Mononuclear cell lysates were tested for FeLV provirus.Results—Subjects reported extensive duration of work with cats (mean, 17.3 years) and multiple highrisk exposures (eg, cat bites, scratches, and injuries with sharp instruments) per year. However, neither serologic nor molecular evidence of zoonosis with any of the 3 feline retroviruses was detected.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Veterinarians encounter occupational exposures to animal material that place them at high risk for zoonoses. For feline retroviruses, the risk of zoonosis among healthy adult humans appears to be extremely small. However, potential for retroviral zoonosis, especially for viruses such as FeLV and FeFV that can replicate in human cells, cannot be eliminated, and universal precautions to reduce potential exposures should be used when handling sick cats. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2000;217:1475–1479)
Anemia, splenomegaly, and increased osmotic fragility of erythrocytes in Abyssinian and Somali cats
Authors: Kohn Barbara , Goldschmidt Michael H. , Hohenhaus Ann E. , Giger Urs 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine clinical and clinicopathologic features of a chronic intermittent severe hemolytic anemia characterized by erythrocyte osmotic fragility in Abyssinian and Somali cats.Design—Case series.Animals—13 Abyssinian and 5 Somali cats.Procedures—History, pedigree information, and results of routine laboratory tests, special erythrocyte studies, and histologic evaluation of splenic and hepatic specimens were analyzed.Results—Age at which clinical signs of anemia were first apparent ranged from 6 months to 5 years. Ten cats had splenomegaly. Most often, the PCV was between 15 and 25%, but it was as low as 5% at some times. The anemia was characterized by macrocytosis and mild to moderate reticulocytosis, but no poikilocytosis. Hyperglobulinemia, lymphocytosis, mild hyperbilirubinemia, and high hepatic enzyme activities were common findings. Results of Coombs tests and tests for infectious diseases were negative. The erythrocytic osmotic fragility was high in affected cats (mean osmotic fragility, 0.66 to 0.78%), compared with healthy cats (0.48 to 0.58). No specific membrane protein abnormality, erythrocyte enzyme deficiency, or hemoglobinopathy was identified. Histologic evaluation of splenic and hepatic specimens revealed extramedullary hematopoiesis and hemosiderosis. Four of the 5 Somali cats were closely related.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—On the basis of results of pedigree analyses, the apparent breed predilection, and the exclusion of other known causes of anemia in cats, we believe that the hemolytic anemia in these cats was likely a result of a novel hereditary erythrocyte defect. A genetic predisposition to immunemediated destruction of erythrocytes could not be ruled out. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2000;217:1483–1491)
Non-dietary risk factors for gastric dilatation-volvulus in large and giant breed dogs
Authors: Glickman Lawrence T. , Glickman Nita W. , Schellenberg Diana B. , Raghavan Malathi , Lee Tana 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To identify non-dietary risk factors for gastric dilatation-volvulus (GDV) in large breed and giant breed dogs.Design—Prospective cohort study.Animals—1,637 dogs ≥ 6 months old of the following breeds: Akita, Bloodhound, Collie, Great Dane, Irish Setter, Irish Wolfhound, Newfoundland, Rottweiler, Saint Bernard, Standard Poodle, and Weimaraner.Procedure—Owners of dogs that did not have a history of GDV were recruited at dog shows, and the dog's length and height and the depth and width of its thorax and abdomen were measured. Information concerning the dog's medical history, genetic background, personality, and diet was obtained from the owners, and owners were contacted by mail and telephone at approximately 1-year intervals to determine whether dogs had developed GDV or died. Incidence of GDV, calculated on the basis of dogyears at risk for dogs that were or were not exposed to potential risk factors, was used to calculate the relative risk of GDV.Results and Clinical Relevance—Cumulative incidence of GDV during the study was 6% for large breed and giant breed dogs. Factors significantly associated with an increased risk of GDV were increasing age, having a first-degree relative with a history of GDV, having a faster speed of eating, and having a raised feeding bowl. Approximately 20 and 52% of cases of GDV among the large breed and giant breed dogs, respectively, were attributed to having a raised feed bowl. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2000;217:1492–1499)
Evidence of hypercoagulability in dogs with parvoviral enteritis
Authors: Otto Cynthia M. , Rieser Teresa M. , Brooks Marjory B. , Russell Michael W. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine whether dogs with naturally occurring canine parvoviral (CPV) enteritis have laboratory evidence of hypercoagulability.Design—Case-control study.Animals—9 dogs with naturally occurring CPV enteritis and 9 age-matched control dogs.Procedure—Blood was collected from all dogs within 24 hours of admission for thromboelastography (TEG) and determination of activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), prothrombin time (PT), antithrombin III (AT) activity, and fibrinogen concentration. Fibrin-fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) concentration, Ddimer concentration, and platelet count were obtained in dogs with CPV enteritis only. Records were reviewed for evidence of thrombosis or phlebitis.Results—All 9 dogs with CPV enteritis had evidence of hypercoagulability, determined on the basis of significantly increased TEG maximum amplitude and decreased AT activity. Fibrinogen concentration was significantly higher in dogs with CPV enteritis than in control dogs. The aPTT was moderately prolonged in dogs with CPV enteritis, and FDP concentration was < 5 mg/ml in 7 of 9 dogs. No dogs had a measurable D-dimer concentration. Platelet counts were within reference range. Four of 9 dogs had clinical evidence of venous thrombosis or phlebitis associated with catheters. One dog had multifocal splenic thrombosis identified at necropsy.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Dogs with CPV enteritis have a high prevalence of clinical thrombosis or phlebitis and laboratory evidence of hypercoagulability without disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. Thromboelastography may help identify hypercoagulable states in dogs. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2000;217:1500–1504)
Use of lufenuron for treating fungal infections of dogs and cats: 297 cases (1997–1999)
Authors: Ben-Ziony Yair , Arzi Boaz 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To evaluate use of lufenuron for treating
cutaneous fungal infections in dogs and cats.

Design—Retrospective study.

Animals—156 dogs and 201 cats with dermatophytosis
or superficial dermatomycoses.

Procedure—Medical records were reviewed for dogs
and cats that had been treated for dermatophytosis or
other fungal infections by administration of lufenuron
and 18 dogs and 42 cats that were not treated and
served as a control group.

Results—Dogs were treated once by oral administration
of lufenuron tablets at doses ranging from
54.2 to 68.3 mg/kg (24.6 to 31.0 mg/lb) of body
weight. Samples of skin, scrapings, and hair were
obtained daily from 14 dogs with dermatophytosis;
mean durations from time of treatment to time of
negative fungal culture results and resolution of
gross lesions were 14.5 and 20.75 days, respectively.
In all treated dogs, gross lesions resolved within
approximately 21 days. Cats were treated once by
oral administration of lufenuron suspension in doses
ranging from 51.2 to 266 mg/kg (23.3 to 120.9 mg/lb).
Samples were obtained daily from 23 cats; mean
durations from time of treatment to time of negative
fungal culture results and resolution of gross lesions
were 8.3 and 12 days, respectively. Time to resolution
of lesions in most untreated control animals was
approximately 90 days. Adverse effects of treatment
were not detected.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results of
this study suggest that lufenuron provides an effective,
convenient, and rapid method for treating fungal
infections in dogs and cats. (J Am Vet Med Assoc
2000;217:1510–1513)
Nutrient management practices among swine operations of various sizes
Authors: Hassinger II Wayne J. , Monahan Kelly A. , Scanlon Tiffany L. , Parsons Thomas D. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine feeding, cropping, and
manure-handling practices of swine operations of various
sizes.

Design—Producer survey.

Sample Population—85 sow units and 132 finish
floors.

Procedure—Swine producers were surveyed by mail
and during farm visits for information regarding herd
characteristics and management practices, with
emphasis on the 3 components of the nutrient cycle:
cropping, feeding and nutrition, and manure handling.
Farms were categorized by operation type as sow
units or finish floors and, subsequently, stratified by
size as small sow units (< 600 head), large sow units
(≥ 600 head), small finish floors (< 2,000 head), and
large finish floors (≥ 2,000 head).

Results—Large sow units and large finish floors were
approximately twice as likely to use environmentally
sound nutrient management practices as small sow
units or small finish floors. These large operations
were more likely to use progressive feeding practices,
to be aware of their nutrient flows, and to be capable
of using these nutrients properly.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—There is a
need for greater environmental awareness among all
swine producers, especially among small producers.
This provides a possible growth area for large-animal
veterinary consultants. Economy of scale and
increased governmental regulations allow large farms
to use environmentally sound practices. Thus, large
swine farms are not necessarily harmful to the environment.
(J Am Vet Med Assoc 2000;217:1526–1530)
Biosecurity practices of beef cow-calf producers
Authors: Sanderson Michael W. , Dargatz David A. , Garry Franklyn B. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate biosecurity practices of cowcalf producers.Design—Cross-sectional survey.Sample Population—2,713 cow-calf operations were used in phase 1 of the study, and 1,190 cow-calf operations were used in phase 2.Procedure—Producers were contacted for a personal interview between Dec 30, 1996 and Feb 3, 1997 regarding their management practices. Noninstitutional operations with 1 or more beef cows were eligible to participate in the study. Producers who participated in the first phase of the study and who had ≥ 5 beef cows were requested to continue in the study and were contacted by a veterinarian or animal health technician who administered further questionnaires. All contacts for the second phase of the study were made between Mar 3, 1997 and Apr 30, 1997. Additional data on use of various vaccines, testing of imported cattle for brucellosis,Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, bovine viral diarrhea, and tuberculosis as well as potential for feed contamination were collected during the second phase of the study.Results—Producers commonly engaged in management practices that increased risk of introducing disease to their cattle such as importing cattle, failing to quarantine imported cattle, and communal grazing. Producers inconsistently adjusted for the increased risk of their management practices by increasing the types of vaccines given, increasing the quarantine time or proportion of imported animals quarantined, or increasing testing for various diseases in imported animals.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Cow-calf herds are at risk for disease exposure from outside sources when cattle are introduced to the herd, and producers do not always adjust management practices such as vaccination schedules and quarantine procedures appropriately to minimize this risk. Veterinary involvement in education of producers regarding biosecurity risks and development of rational and economical biosecurity plans is needed. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2000;217:185–189)
Prevalence of odontoclastic resorption lesions and periapical radiographic lucencies in cats: 265 cases (1995–1998)
Authors: Lommer Milinda J. , Verstraete Frank J. M. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine whether odontoclastic resorption lesions were associated with radiographic evidence of periapical lucencies in cats.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—265 feline dental patients.Procedure—Full-mouth radiographs were examined for evidence of odontoclastic resorption lesions, periapical lucencies, periodontitis, and fractured teeth.Results—Odontoclastic resorption lesions affecting 567 teeth were identified in 161 (60.8%) cats. Periapical lucencies were identified in 53 teeth in 35 cats. Periapical lucencies were most commonly associated with fractured teeth (25 teeth with periapical lucencies) and severe periodontitis (21 teeth). None of the periapical lucencies appeared to be specifically associated with resorption lesions. Prevalence of periapical lucencies in cats with resorption lesions was not significantly different from prevalence in cats without.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that although odontoclastic resorption lesions are common in cats, pulpal involvement associated with these lesions does not appear to be associated with development of radiographically detectable periapical lucencies. Crown amputation with intentional root retention may, therefore, be a suitable alternative to extraction in selected cats with odontoclastic resorption lesions. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2000;217:1866–1869)
Diagnostic findings and prognosis following arthroscopic treatment of subtle osteochondral lesions in the shoulder joint of horses: 15 cases (1996–1999)
Authors: Doyle Patricia S. , White II Nathaniel A. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine clinical, scintigraphic, radiographic, and arthroscopic findings and results of treatment in horses with lameness attributable to subtle osteochondral lesions of the shoulder joint.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—15 horses.Procedure—Medical records were reviewed, and results of physical examination, scintigraphy, radiography, arthroscopy, and treatment were recorded.Results—Severity of lameness ranged from grade 1 to 4. Response to shoulder flexion or extension was variable. Twelve horses had a narrow upright foot. Intra-articular anesthesia of the shoulder joint localized the cause of the lameness to the shoulder joint in 9 of 10 horses. Scintigraphic abnormalities were detected in 4 of 6 horses. Radiographic lesions were subtle and included glenoid sclerosis, focal glenoid lysis, small glenoid cysts, and alterations in the humeral head contour. Arthroscopic evaluation confirmed clefts in the glenoid cartilage, glenoid cysts, a humeral head cyst, fibrillation of the humeral head cartilage, cartilage fragmentation, or a nondisplaced fracture of the humeral head. After treatment, 12 horses returned to their previous level of performance, 1 was sound for light riding, 1 remained lame, and 1 was euthanatized because of chronic lameness.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that a combination of physical examination, scintigraphy, and radiography is necessary to diagnose subtle osteochondral lesions of the shoulder joint in horses. Arthroscopy can be used to confirm the diagnosis and treat cartilage and subchondral bone lesions. Young and middle-aged horses with subtle osteochondral lesions of the shoulder joints have a good prognosis for return to performance following arthroscopic treatment. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2000;217:1878–1882)
Effect of timing of blood collection on serum phenobarbital concentrations in dogs with epilepsy
Authors: Levitski Robin E. , Trepanier Lauren A. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract

Objective—To determine whether there are therapeutically
relevant changes in serum phenobarbital
concentrations throughout a daily dosing interval in
epileptic dogs receiving phenobarbital for ≥ 3 weeks.

Design—Prospective study.

Animals—33 epileptic dogs receiving phenobarbital.

Procedure—Serum phenobarbital concentrations
were measured at 0 hour (trough), 3 hours, and 6
hours after oral administration of phenobarbital in
epileptic dogs that had received phenobarbital twice
daily for a minimum of 3 weeks. For each dog, trough,
3-hour, and 6-hour serum phenobarbital concentrations
were evaluated to determine whether they were
within the same therapeutic category (lower, middle,
or upper end of the therapeutic range of 15 to 45
µg/ml), or whether there was a > 30% change in
serum concentrations throughout the day.

Results—Ninety-one percent (30/33) of dogs had
trough, 3-hour, and 6-hour serum phenobarbital concentrations
in the same therapeutic category. Only
9% (3/33) of dogs had trough, 3-hour, and 6-hour
serum concentrations in different therapeutic categories
with a > 30% change in concentrations
throughout the day. Significant differences were not
detected among mean serum phenobarbital concentrations
when comparing the trough, 3-hour, and 6-
hour samples for all dogs.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—There is no
therapeutically relevant change in serum phenobarbital
concentrations throughout a daily dosing interval in
most epileptic dogs. Therefore, timing is not important
when collecting blood samples to measure
serum phenobarbital concentrations in most epileptic
dogs treated long-term with phenobarbital. (J Am Vet
Med Assoc 2000;217:200–204)