bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
An Investigation of Lanthanum Coordination Compounds by Using Solid‐State 139La NMR Spectroscopy and Relativistic Density Functional Theory
Authors: Willans Mathew J. , Feindel Kirk W. , Ooms Kristopher J. , Wasylishen Roderick E. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractLanthanum‐139 NMR spectra of stationary samples of several solid LaIII coordination compounds have been obtained at applied magnetic fields of 11.75 and 17.60 T. The breadth and shape of the 139La NMR spectra of the central transition are dominated by the interaction between the 139La nuclear quadrupole moment and the electric field gradient (EFG) at that nucleus; however, the influence of chemical‐shift anisotropy on the NMR spectra is non‐negligible for the majority of the compounds investigated. Analysis of the experimental NMR spectra reveals that the 139La quadrupolar coupling constants (CQ) range from 10.0 to 35.6 MHz, the spans of the chemical‐shift tensor (Ω) range from 50 to 260 ppm, and the isotropic chemical shifts (δiso) range from −80 to 178 ppm. In general, there is a correlation between the magnitudes of CQ and Ω, and δiso is shown to depend on the La coordination number. Magnetic‐shielding tensors, calculated by using relativistic zeroth‐order regular approximation density functional theory (ZORA‐DFT) and incorporating scalar only or scalar plus spin–orbit relativistic effects, qualitatively reproduce the experimental chemical‐shift tensors. In general, the inclusion of spin–orbit coupling yields results that are in better agreement with those from the experiment. The magnetic‐shielding calculations and experimentally determined Euler angles can be used to predict the orientation of the chemical‐shift and EFG tensors in the molecular frame. This study demonstrates that solid‐state 139La NMR spectroscopy is a useful characterization method and can provide insight into the molecular structure of lanthanum coordination compounds.
A Versatile Bis‐Porphyrin Tweezer Host for the Assembly of Noncovalent Photoactive Architectures: A Photophysical Characterization of the Tweezers and Their Association with Porphyrins and Other Guests
Authors: Flamigni Lucia , Talarico Anna Maria , Ventura Barbara , Rein Regis , Solladié Nathalie 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA bis(ZnII–porphyrin) tweezer host with anthracene components as apex and side‐arms has been synthesized. Mono‐ (pyridine) and bidentate (4,4′‐bipyridine) guests were used as models for single and double axial coordination inside the cavity, respectively. A series of dipyridylporphyrin guests with different substitution patterns and excited‐state energy levels have association constants with the tweezers that are of the order of 106 M−1, which is indicative of complexation with the inside of the cavity. This complexation can only occur upon an important distortion of the cavity that opens the bite by about 30 %. This characteristic, in conjunction with their ability to reduce the bite distance by rotation around single bonds, makes these porphyrin tweezers amongst the most versatile so far reported, with tuning of the bite distance in the range of approximately 5–20 Å. Energy transfer to the free‐base guest within the triporphyrin complex is nearly quantitative (95–98 %) and the rates of transfer are consistent with a Förster mechanism that is characterized by a reduced orientation factor.
Experiments on robustness and deception in a coalition formation model
Authors: Belmonte M. V. , Conejo R. , Perez‐de‐la‐Cruz J. L. , Triguero F. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIn the last few years coalition formation algorithms have been proposed as a possible way of modeling autonomous agent cooperation in multi‐agent systems. This work is based on a previously proposed coalition formation model founded on game theory for a class of task‐oriented problems that guarantees an optimum task allocation and a stable profit division. In this paper we study two properties of the model that are very important for application in real‐life scenarios: robustness and tolerance to an agent's misbehavior. First, we study the robustness of this model as regards the effect the agent's failure has on the resultant profits of the coalition formation. Secondly, we also study the coalition formation model in the presence of misbehaving agents. Agents have some kind of execution autonomy, and they can deceive or mislead each other when they reveal their information, if they believe this will give them more profits. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The transparent implementation of agent communication contexts
Authors: Di Stefano Antonella , Pappalardo Giuseppe , Santoro Corrado , Tramontana Emiliano 
Published: October 2005

AbstractAgent Communication Contexts (ACCs) are virtual environments where agents may live and interact. In this way, as in a human society, interactions may be subject to conventions and laws depending on the context where they occur. For this to be possible, an ACC should embed the communication laws relevant to the intended class of agent applications and enforce them, as interactions among agents take place. Although context is a communication aspect relevant for all the agents of an application, its modelling should be, in principle, an orthogonal concern with respect to the design of the activities of each agent. Consistently with this view, this work advocates the separate development of, respectively, agent behaviour, and the interaction aspects constituting the context. The latter is first abstractly specified as a set of communication laws, then automatically implemented by a tool that generates the necessary ACC management and checking code from the specification. The appropriate portions of this code should be activated whenever an interaction between agents takes place, so as to ensure that (i) the constraints specified by the laws are respected by the interaction, and (ii) the actions some of the laws require are carried out before the interaction actually occurs. Moreover, this work proposes an infrastructure whereby ACC code is triggered at runtime, whenever agents interact with each other. No source code modification or recompilation is required for this. All is seamlessly accomplished by means of computational reflection, which transparently changes the meaning of the communication primitives normally used by agent programmers. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Self‐maintained distributed tuples for field‐based coordination in dynamic networks
Authors: Mamei Marco , Zambonelli Franco 
Published: October 2005

AbstractField‐based coordination is a promising approach to orchestrating the activities of components in a wide range of application scenarios. To implement such an approach, one can rely on distributed tuples injected into a network and then propagated to form field‐like distributed data structures to be sensed by application components. Moreover, to gain the full benefits from such an approach, it is important to enable the distributed tuples to preserve their structures despite the dynamics of the network. In this paper, we show how a variety of self‐maintained distributed tuples for field‐based coordination can be easily programmed in the Tuples On The Air (TOTA) middleware. Several examples clarify the approach, and a case study is detailed throughout the paper to ground the discussion. Eventually, performance data are presented to verify the effectiveness of the approach. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In Situ Space‐ and Time‐Resolved Sorption Kinetics of Anionic Dyes on Individual LDH Crystals
Authors: Roeffaers Maarten B. J. , Sels Bert F. , Loos Davey , Kohl Christopher , Müllen Klaus , Jacobs Pierre A. , Hofkens Johan , De Vos Dirk E. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractFluorescence spectroscopy is employed to follow the ion exchange of an emissive dye—a carboxylated perylene imide—on a layered double hydroxide. The exchange of the carboxylate ions starts at the edges of the layered double hydroxide crystals and is followed by diffusion to the basal plane. Such space‐resolved observations provide a solid basis for modelling and studying the mechanisms of exchange.
Two‐Photon Photochromism of Diarylethene Dimer Derivatives
Authors: Saita Shingo , Yamaguchi Tadatsugu , Kawai Tsuyoshi , Irie Masahiro 
Published: October 2005

AbstractPhotochromic diarylethene dimer derivatives with large two‐photon absorption (TPA) cross‐sections have been designed and synthesized. The derivatives have a D–π–D structure in which indole rings are used as donor units (D) and 1,4‐bis(ethynyl)benzene or 1,4‐bis(ethenyl)benzene as a π‐conjugated chain unit (π). Compound 5 a, which has oxazole rings as one of the aryl groups, showed a TPA cross‐section of 23 GM at 820 nm and exhibited efficient two‐photon photochromic reactivity.
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor promotes innate immune responses by suppressing glucocorticoid‐induced expression of mitogen‐activated protein kinase phosphatase‐1
Authors: Roger Thierry , Chanson Anne‐Laure , Knaup‐Reymond Marlies , Calandra Thierry 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe pro‐inflammatory cytokine macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) acts as a physiological counter‐regulator of the immuno‐suppressive effects of glucocorticoids. However, the mechanisms whereby MIF exerts its counter‐balancing effect remain largely unknown. Here we report that MAPK phosphatase 1 (MKP‐1), an archetypal member of dual specificity phosphatase that inactivates MAPK activity in response to pro‐inflammatory stimuli, is a critical target of MIF‐glucocorticoid crosstalk. Recombinant MIF counter‐regulated in a dose‐dependent fashion dexamethasone inhibition of TNF and IL‐8 production by RAW 264.7 macrophages and U‐937 promonocytes stimulated with lipoplysaccharides (LPS) or with LPS plus phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate. Stimulation of RAW 264.7 macrophages with dexamethasone or dexamethasone plus LPS led to a robust up‐regulation of MKP‐1 mRNA and protein expressions that were counter‐regulated by addition of recombinant MIF. Antisense MIF macrophages expressing reduced levels of endogenous MIF produced higher amount of MKP‐1 and lower amount of TNF after exposure to dexamethasone and dexamethasone plus LPS, indicating that endogenous MIF acts in an autocrine fashion to override glucocorticoid‐induced MKP‐1 expression and inhibition of cytokine production. Taken together, these data identify MKP‐1 as a molecular target of MIF‐glucocorticoid crosstalk and provide a molecular basis for the control of macrophage responses by a pair of physiological regulators of innate immunity.See accompanying commentary: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eji.200535556
Fabrication of chondroitin sulfate‐chitosan composite artificial extracellular matrix for stabilization of fibroblast growth factor
Authors: Mi Fwu‐Long , Shyu Shin‐Shing , Peng Chih‐Kang , Wu Yu‐Bey , Sung Hsing‐Wen , Wang Pei‐Shan , Huang Chi‐Chuan 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe development of a novel, three‐dimensional, macroporous artificial extracellular matrix (AECM) based on chondroitin sulfate (ChS)‐chitosan (Chito) combination is reported. The composite AECM composed of ChS‐Chito conjugated network was prepared by a homogenizing interpolyelectrolyte complex/covalent conjugation technique through co‐crosslinked with N,N‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)‐N′‐ethyl carbodiimide (EDC) and N‐hydroxysuccinimide (NHS). In contrast to EDC/NHS, two different reagents, calcium ion and glutaraldehyde, were used to react with ChS or Chito for the preparation of ChS‐Chito composites containing crosslinked ChS or Chito network in the matrix. The stability and in vitro enzymatic degradability of the glutaraldehyde‐, EDC/NHS‐, and Ca2+‐crosslinked ChS‐Chito composite AECMs were all investigated in this study. The results showed that crosslinking improved the stability of prepared ChS‐Chito AECMs in physiological buffer solution (PBS) and provided superior protective effect against the enzymatic hydrolysis of ChS, compared with their non‐crosslinked counterpart. Because ChS was a heparin‐like glycosaminoglycan (GAG), the ChS‐Chito composite AECMs appeared to promote binding efficiency for basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). The bFGF releasing from the ChS‐Chito composite AECMs retained its biological activity as examined by the in vitro proliferation of human fibroblast, depending on the crosslinking mode for the preparation of these composite AECMs. Histological assay showed that the EDC/NHS‐crosslinked ChS‐Chito composite AECM, after incorporated with bFGF, was biodegradable and could result in a significantly enhanced vascularization effect and tissue penetration. These results suggest that the ChS‐Chito composite AECMs fabricated in this study may be a promising approach for tissue‐engineering application. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Commitment decisions with partial information updating
Authors: Ferguson Mark E. , DeCroix Gregory A. , Zipkin Paul H. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIn this paper, we extend the results of Ferguson M. Naval Research Logistics 50, 2003, 917–936. on an end‐product manufacturer's choice of when to commit to an order quantity from its parts supplier. During the supplier's lead‐time, information arrives about end‐product demand. This information reduces some of the forecast uncertainty. While the supplier must choose its production quantity of parts based on the original forecast, the manufacturer can wait to place its order from the supplier after observing the information update. We find that a manufacturer is sometimes better off with a contract requiring an early commitment to its order quantity, before the supplier commits resources. On the other hand, the supplier sometimes prefers a delayed commitment. The preferences depend upon the amount of demand uncertainty resolved by the information as well as which member of the supply chain sets the exchange price. We also show conditions where demand information updating is detrimental to both the manufacturer and the supplier. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2005
Multifunctional, water‐soluble, C60‐pendant maleic anhydride copolymer
Authors: Aldea Gabriela , Chitanu Gabrielle C. , Delaunay Jacques , Nunzi Jean‐Michel , Simionescu Bogdan C. , Cousseau Jack 
Published: October 2005

AbstractStarting from the synthesis of a new methanofullerene derivative bearing an alcohol group, we report on the preparation of a water‐soluble, fullerene‐pendant copolymer. This multifunctional, C60‐pendant maleic anhydride copolymer was characterized by conductometric titration, Fourier transform infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and cyclic voltammetry. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 43: 5814–5822, 2005
High‐pressure X‐ray diffraction study of EuWO4 to 12 GPa
Authors: Errandonea Daniel 
Published: October 2005

AbstractIn‐situ high‐pressure X‐ray diffraction studies were performed on EuWO4 to 12 GPa. We found that EuWO4 transforms from the tetragonal I41/a structure to the monoclinic I2/a structure at 8.5(5) GPa, being this phase transition re‐ versible. No other structural change is detected up to 12 GPa. The EOS of EuWO4 is determined from the pressure–volume data. (© 2005 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Intramolecular hydrogen bonds in thiolato‐, sulfenato‐, and sulfinato‐Co(III) complexes
Authors: Aranyosiová Monika , Vollárová Ol'ga , Benko Ján , černušák Ivan 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe formation of intramolecular hydrogen bonds is investigated for transition metal complexes in infrared (IR) spectroscopy experiments and B3LYP/LANL2DZ computational study. Three series of complexes are considered: [Co(en)2XCH2CH2NH2]2+, [Co(en)2XCH2CH(COO)NH2]+, and [Co(en)2XCH2COO]+ (en = NH2CH2CH2NH2, XS, SO, SOO). Both experimental and theoretical results confirm the formation of the intramolecular hydrogen bond between the NH2 group of the ethylene diamine ligand and the oxygen of the COO group, as well as between the NH2 and oxygen added to coordinated sulfur. In the second and third series, the interplay between SO (or SOO) and COO results in different patterns of red‐shifted bands in model IR spectra. The relationship between strength of the intramolecular hydrogen bond and some molecular parameters (H…O distance, IR red shift, size of the quasi‐ring) is discussed. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2006
Evolution of the state of fish stocks in the Northeast Atlantic within a precautionary framework, 1970–2003: a synoptic evaluation
Authors: Garcia S.M. , De Leiva Moreno J.I. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractThe state and trajectory of some of the stocks assessed by ICES in the North Atlantic in the period 1970–2003 are synoptically represented on a single system of representation of fishing mortality and biomass with precautionary reference points used as limits and thresholds. The results indicate that for nearly 30 years, the status of the stocks in relation to the precautionary reference points has been degrading in terms of spawning biomass and excess fishing mortality, driving most resources down close to and often beyond those reference points. The situation seems to have improved during the past decade, with some exceptions, as shown by progressive shift of the mean position of the stocks away from excessive mortality (since the early 1990s) and, after a time-lag, away from low biomass (since the early 2000s). The proposed representation system sticks to the reference points and value judgements used in the ICES context, but could be used with any equivalent precautionary system of representation.
The diet and ecological role of giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) introduced to the Eastern Cape, South Africa
Authors: Parker D. M. , Bernard R. T. F. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractWith an increase in the popularity of wildlife ranching in southern Africa has come the introduction of non‐native (extralimital) mammalian herbivores. Financial gain has arguably been at the forefront of these introductions, with little or no assessment of the ecological consequences. The diet of three populations of introduced giraffe Giraffa camelopardalis was assessed by direct observation in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa between January 2002 and October 2003, as the first step towards understanding the ecological role played by giraffe in the region. Similar to the diet of giraffe within their native range, a deciduous species from the genus Acacia (Acacia karroo) was the most important species in the diet. Giraffe in the Eastern Cape Province, however, consumed more evergreen species than those within their native range. The relative lack of deciduous species in the Eastern Cape Province provides a probable explanation for such a result. Seasonal variation in the consumption of the most important species in the diet was evident with members of the genus Rhus being more important in the winter months. This was attributed to the deciduous nature of A. karroo. The potential for giraffe to have a detrimental effect on the indigenous vegetation is discussed. We conclude that the study provides a much‐needed list of plant species threatened by giraffe browsing in a region where the vegetation is thought to have evolved in the absence of such a browser.
Body size and growth in tropical small mammals: examining variation using non‐linear mixed effects models
Authors: Griffiths A. D. , Brook B. W. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractA diverse small mammal fauna inhabits the tropical savannas of Kakadu National Park in northern Australia. A detailed long‐term capture–mark–recapture study was conducted to estimate body growth parameters in relation to intrinsic and extrinsic factors that may influence them. Three non‐linear growth increment functions were compared to determine which one best represented the general growth patterns of nine small mammal species at Kapalga. The von Bertalanffy growth increment function provided the best fit to a pooled species dataset. Hierarchical mixed‐effects models were then used to examine variation in body size asymptote and growth and account for non‐independence of observations. Model selection was based on the Kullback–Leibler information theoretic approach. As expected, the body size growth constant was correlated to body mass at Kapalga, and body size sexual dimorphism was evident in most species. Difference in body growth constant was only evident in Isoodon macrourus, where females showed accelerated growth. Three of the four marsupial species exhibited either temporal (annual) and spatial (catchment level) variation in body size asymptote, whereas rodent species showed none. There was no clear influence of other extrinsic factors such as fire treatment, rainfall or habitat on body size asymptote or growth rate constant. Our results suggest that body growth is largely controlled by intrinsic factors for each species such as gender in small mammal species at Kapalga. Change in body size and growth caused by human‐induced changes to the landscape from factors such as altered fire regimes is unlikely to be substantial for tropical small mammals in northern Australia.
Altered genotypic and phenotypic frequencies of aphid populations under enriched CO2 and O3 atmospheres
Authors: Mondor Edward B. , Tremblay Michelle N. , Awmack Caroline S. , Lindroth Richard L. 
Published: October 2005

AbstractEnvironmental change is anticipated to negatively affect both plant and animal populations. As abiotic factors rapidly change habitat suitability, projections range from altered genetic diversity to wide‐spread species loss. Here, we assess the degree to which changes in atmospheric composition associated with environmental change will influence not only the abundance, but also the genotypic/phenotypic diversity, of herbivore populations. Using free‐air CO2 and O3 enrichment (FACE) technology, we assess numerical responses of pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) exhibiting a pink–green genetic polymorphism and an environmentally determined wing polyphenism on broad bean plants (Vicia faba) under enriched CO2 and/or O3 atmospheres, over multiple generations. We show that these two greenhouse gases alter not only aphid population sizes, but also genotypic and phenotypic frequencies. As the green genotype was positively influenced by elevated CO2 levels, but the pink genotype was not, genotypic frequencies (pink morph : green morph) ranged from 1 : 1 to 9 : 1. These two genotypes also displayed marked differences in phenotypic frequencies. The pink genotype exhibited higher levels of wing induction under all atmospheric treatments, however, this polyphenism was negatively influenced by elevated O3 levels. Resultantly, frequencies of winged phenotypes (pink morph : green morph) varied from 10 : 1 to 332 : 1. Thus, atmospheric conditions associated with environmental change may alter not just overall population sizes, but also genotypic and phenotypic frequencies of herbivore populations, thereby influencing community and ecosystem functioning.