bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Analysis of Characteristics of Bamboo Water Wheels 6 Bamboo Plate with Height Variations of Water Attacking the Blade
Authors: Sule Luther , Amijoyo Mochtar Andi , Mangkau Andi , Timbayo Sule Elieser 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A waterwheel is a mechanical device in the form of a wheel with blades (bucket or vane) around the edges which are placed on the shaft. horizontally. The waterwheel is a simple tool whose purpose is to convert motion energy into electrical energy. In the design of the waterwheel, the type and dimensions of the waterwheel depend on the location of the wheel, the height of the water fall and the available water capacity. So that in order to obtain optimal efficiency, the design of a waterwheel that operates at a particular location will have a speciLic design, both in the form of type and dimensions that are different from other locations. The purpose of this study was to determine the maximum power, maximum torque and maximum efLiciency that produced a bamboo water wheel with 6 bamboo plate blades. In this study, the data produced is experimental data with the height of the water hitting the blades of 15 cm, 20 cm, 25 cm, 30 cm, and 35 cm and the number of blades is 6 pieces. The results obtained, the maximum power is 7.61 and is found in the variation of water height hitting 15 cm, the maximum torque is 3.71 and there is a variation in water height hitting 15 cm and the maximum efLiciency that can be produced by the bamboo water wheel is 47.67% and found in variations in water height that hit the blade 15 cm.
Development of a New Model “MAGIC BOILER” for Faster Steam Production
Authors: Aristiana S A , Roihan I , Koestoer R A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A boiler, whether it is used for heating water, generating steam, or superheating steam, plays a crucial role as a closed vessel in various applications. From industrial to household use, boilers find wide-ranging importance. Particularly for Indonesian home industries, which predominantly focus on food or fashion production, boilers play a viral in their manufacturing processes. However, the significant energy consumption of boilers, combined with rising gas and electricity prices due to inflation, has led to an increase in production costs, posing challenges to companies’ profitability and sustainability. To address this issue, this paper proposes the development of a safe and energy-efficient electric water boiler known as the “MAGIC BOILER.” The distinguishing feature of the “MAGIC BOILER” lies in its unique design, incorporating an enhanced heating surface. This innovative design maximizes the heat output generated by the heater, ensuring efficient utilization of the electrical input, thus yielding a higher rate of heat transfer and steam production rate at a relatively lower cost.
Effect of Pad Thickness and Width Variations on Plastic Limit Moment in Cylindrical Pressure Vessels Due to Nozzle In-Plane Load
Authors: Nurdin R. , Sriwijaya R. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study investigates how different pad thicknesses and diameters affect the maximum stress a cylindrical pressure vessel can handle without failing, particularly around the areas where nozzles are attached. Nozzles on these vessels often face directional stress from loads applied in a specific plane, and these stresses mustn’t push the nozzle material beyond its breaking point. The research used computer simulations to see how these vessels, with various pad sizes and a set shell and nozzle size, behave under increasing stress until they reach their breaking point. Findings indicate that making the pad thicker or wider increases the vessel’s resistance to breaking up to a certain point; beyond this optimal size, making the pad larger doesn’t provide any additional benefit. This information helps design better and safer pressure vessels by identifying the best pad size to prevent failure. The study contributes to understanding how to avoid design issues and optimize the construction of these vessels, adhering to specific industry standards.
Influence of Deep Etching Surface Treatment to The Tensile Strength and Microstructure of Brazing Aluminium - Mild Steel
Authors: Anggono A D , Darmawan A S , Yulianto A , Ahmad U , Hariyanto A , Sedyono J , Masyrukan  
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Since hard metals are among the materials that liquid brazing alloys scarcely adhere to, they should not be brazed without first removing the surface layer after sintering. The electrolytic etching method, which gives the surfaces of materials that are hardly wettable very good energetic qualities, is given specific attention. Deep etching is done by using a high concentration of acid solution to roughen the surface. Both dry and wet settings are suitable for etching. An etching fluid is used for etching in a wet environment. Typically, the plate or metal is submerged in an etching solution, where the substance is chemically broken down. While in dry etching, the plasma’s gas phase is where the etching takes place. Due to the presence of plasma in this situation, the etching process that takes place combines chemical and physical processes. Plasma etching is another name for dry etching. Deep etching is an etching process to obtain a rougher surface. Wet deep etching requires a longer immersion time and even several immersions are required. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of etching treatment in the brazing process of Aluminium-Mild steel for its microstructure and mechanical properties. The specimens in this study used aluminium 6000 series, mild steel, Alusol ER4043, and etching fluid. Mild steel surfaces are deep etched before brazing. Specimen manufacturing standard refers to ASTM D1002. A micro photo test was conducted to compare the surface conditions of aluminium and mild steel with and without etching treatment. The deep etching process is carried out in three variations of time, namely 20, 30, and 40 minutes. The results showed that the tensile strength increased with deep etching treatment on the surface.
Effect of Welding Time Variation in Resistance Spot Welding on Mechanical Properties of Dissimilar Joints on Mild Steel and AISI 304 Stainless Steel
Authors: Pasau K , Salam N , Aminy A Y , Hayat A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Resistance spot welding plays an important role in the automotive industry for working on car bodies or frames. Welding with two different steel materials is used in automotive structures. However, the low strength of the joints of different steel materials is a major problem, limiting the scope of its application. The quality of the welding connection Resistance spot welding is influenced by several factors, namely, time, welding current, and electrode pressure applied during welding and post-welding treatment. In this research, mild steel plate with AISI 304 stainless steel is welded by Resistance spot welding with different variations of welding time, material hardness and tensile testing that will be investigated. The results showed that the highest Rockwell Hardness time was obtained at a welding time variation of 8 seconds with a current of 6000 Ampere was 112.2 so the higher the welding time, the higher the hardness obtained. welding 8 seconds with a welding current of 6000 Ampere obtained a maximum tensile strength of 20.4 kgf/mm2 so the greater the welding current, the tensile strength will increase.
Study on Design of Hybrid Diesel-Electric Motor Propulsion System for Eco-Tourism Boat
Authors: Arif Budiyanto Muhammad , Zyan Beckham Mohammad , Liston Putra Gerry , Riadi Achmad 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Indonesia as a maritime country has extraordinary marine tourism potential. On the other hand, the development of eco-tourism boats is still limited. The objective of this study is to investigate the design of diesel-electric hybrid propulsion system for a tourist boat with capacity of 10 passengers. The design of eco-tourism boats considers a trimaran hull using hybrid diesel-electric motor propulsion with an overall length of 12 meters and a block coefficient of 0.4. The performance of the proposed eco-tourism boat was investigated by a simulation model to obtain the required power and stability criteria. The simulation result shows the proposed eco-tourism boat can achieve the desired service speed of 13 knots with the required power is 390 kW.
Procedure in developing a longitudinal-torsional vibration-assisted micro-milling system
Authors: Kiswanto G , Fahmi A M , Hasymi Z , Atmadja M A , Perdana M N A 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Micromachining is an advanced microfabrication technique for micro-sized or micro-accuracy products through subtractive manufacturing such as micro-milling. Vibration-assisted machining (VAM) is a method in which small amplitude vibrations are applied to the tool or workpiece to enhance the fabrication process. Milling results could be improved by adding longitudinal and torsional vibration to the tool using piezoelectric components vibrating at the ultrasonic frequency with an amplitude of less than 1 μm is used. A slip ring is required to transmit electric power from a static structure to a rotating frame. After the power has been transmitted to the system, an ultrasonic horn, called an acoustic horn or sonotrode, amplifies the vibrations at the tool’s tip. Since the excitation vibration is only longitudinal, the magnification of the vibration at the tooltip is also only longitudinal. Grooves are added to the side of the ultrasonic horn to produce torsional vibrations. This vibration is then simulated through finite element analysis software, explicitly using explicit dynamics. A 3D simulation is run for a quarter cycle of micro-milling through a Ti-6Al-4V material. It could be concluded that the LTVAM application may improve machining quality, such as temperature reduction of up to 9%, cutting force reduction of up to 35%, and surface roughness improvement of up to 27%.
Performance evaluation of carbon quantum dots impregnated glass ionomer cement to avoid peri-implant disease
Authors: Josephraj Febina , Kumar N Ashwin , Nandini V Vidyashree , S Sujatha , Karthik Varshini 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Dental cement residues exacerbate peri-implant tissue irritation and peri-implantitis. The present study aims to evaluate the cytotoxicity, physiochemical, optical, and rheological properties of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) impregnated glass ionomer cement (GIC). Surface passivated fluorescent CQDs were synthesized using citric acid via thermal decomposition and blended with GIC. Characterization studies and rheological measurements were made to evaluate their performance. 3D-printed dental implant models cemented with GIC and GIC-CQD were compared to analyze excess cement residues. MTT assay was performed with human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s test. CQDs with a particle dimension of ∼2 nm were synthesized. The amorphous property of GIC-CQD was confirmed through XRD. The fluorescence properties of GIC-CQD showed three times higher emission intensity than conventional GIC. GIC-CQD attained maturation with a setting time extended by 64 s than GIC. Cement residue of size 2 mm was detected with a UV light excitation at a distance between 5 to 10 cm. Biocompatibility at 0.125 mg ml−1 dilution concentrations of GIC-CQD showed viability greater than 80% to hDPSCs. For the first time, we report that CQDs-impregnated GIC is a unique and cost-effective strategy for in-situ detection of excess cement rapidly using a hand-held device. A novel in-situ rapid detection method enables the dentist to identify residual cement of size less than 2 mm during the implantation. Therefore, GIC-CQD would replace conventional GIC and help in the prevention of peri-implant diseases.
Recent multispecies tree-growth decline reveals a severe aridity change in Mediterranean Chile
Authors: González-Reyes Álvaro , Christie Duncan A , Schneider-Valenzuela Isadora , Venegas-González Alejandro , Muñoz Ariel A , Hadad Martin , Gipoulou-Zuñiga Tania , Tapia-Marzan Valeria , Gibson-Carpintero Stephanie , Santini-Junior Luiz , LeQuesne Carlos , Villalba Ricardo 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Soil moisture (SM) is a crucial factor in the water cycle, sustaining ecosystems and influencing local climate patterns by regulating the energy balance between the soil and atmosphere. Due to the absence of long-term, in-situ measurements of SM, studies utilizing satellite-based data and tree-ring analysis have become valuable in assessing variations of SM at regional and multi-century scales, as well as determining its effects on tree growth. This information is particularly pertinent in biodiversity hotspots made up of semi-arid ecosystems currently threatened by climate change. In the Mediterranean Chile region (MC; 30°–37° S), an ongoing megadrought since 2010 has resulted in a significant decline in the forest throughout the area. However, the impact of SM on tree growth at a multi-species and regional level remains unexplored. We analyzed a new network of 22 tree-ring width chronologies across the MC to evaluate the main spatiotemporal tree-growth patterns of nine woody species and their correlation with SM, using PCA. We also reconstructed the SM variations over the past four centuries and assessed its connection with large-scale climate forcings. Our results indicate that the primary growth patterns (PC1) explained 27% of the total variance and displayed a significant relationship with SM between 1982–2015 (r = 0.91), accurately reflecting the current megadrought. The tree-ring SM reconstruction covers the period 1616–2018 and shows a strong decrease around the year 2007, revealing an unprecedented recent change in aridity with respect to the last four centuries. The intensity of the South Pacific subtropical anticyclone, which primarily owe their existence to the subsiding branch of the Hadley Cell, appears as the primary climatic mechanism correlated with the reconstruction and the present aridity conditions in MC. The current SM conditions align with anticipated aridity changes in MC, providing a bleak perspective of future regional climate.
Joint moments of derivatives of characteristic polynomials of random symplectic and orthogonal matrices
Authors: Andrade Julio C , Best Christopher G 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
We investigate the joint moments of derivatives of characteristic polynomials over the unitary symplectic group

S
p
(
2
N
)

and the orthogonal ensembles

S
O
(
2
N
)

and

O
−

(
2
N
)

. We prove asymptotic formulae for the joint moments of the n
1th and n
2th derivatives of the characteristic polynomials for all three matrix ensembles. Our results give two explicit formulae for each of the leading order coefficients, one in terms of determinants of hypergeometric functions and the other as combinatorial sums over partitions. We use our results to put forward conjectures on the joint moments of derivatives of L-functions with symplectic and orthogonal symmetry.
Analysis of DC motor for process control application using neural network predictive controller
Authors: Prasad Bhawesh , Kumar Raj , Singh Manmohan 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
A DC motor is a critical actuator in process control systems. This study investigates the effectiveness of a deep learning (DL) based Neural Network Predictive Controller (NNPC) for precise DC motor speed control. The NNPC anticipates the motor’s future behaviour based on its current state and control inputs. The controller then optimally generates inputs to minimise tracking errors and enhance system performance. The NNPC demonstrated a remarkable reduction in Mean Squared Error (MSE), achieving a training MSE of 2.75 × 10−14 and the best validation MSE of 9.2023 × 10−14. These quantitative outcomes affirm the reliability and robustness of the proposed NNPC for speed control in DC motor systems across diverse applications.
Concentration of voxelotor in sickle cell disease can be estimated using electrophoresis and high-performance liquid chromatography
Authors: Curtis Susanna A , Friedman Elana , Minniti Caterina , Nguyen Dang Annie , Pochron Mira , Thomas Merin , Betancourt Jaime , Vattappally Leena , Crouch Andrew , Morales Julissa , Campbell Sean T 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Objectives
Voxelotor can increase hemoglobin levels in patients living with sickle cell disease (SCD). A clinician who is monitoring voxelotor response may want to know whole-blood voxelotor concentration, but this cannot be measured in most clinical settings. However, voxelotor has been demonstrated to cause “peak splitting” in common methods of hemoglobin measurement such as capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). We hypothesized that we could use the size of the peak split to estimate the whole-blood concentration.

Methods
Blood from people with SCD was dosed with known concentrations of voxelotor, and multiparameter regression was used to derive the relationship of voxelotor concentration to the degree of peak splitting observed. To validate these equations, 21 patients started on voxelotor at 1500 mg/d had blood samples drawn at days 0, 14, 30, and 60. Samples were sent out for gold standard voxelotor concentration testing. The derived equations were then used to calculate voxelotor concentration.

Results
Calculated concentrations correlated strongly with measured concentrations for both CZE (R2 = 0.83, P &lt; .001) and HPLC (R2 = 0.76, P &lt; .001). Voxelotor concentration also had a significant effect on increases in hemoglobin (R2 = 0.40, P &lt; .001).

Conclusions
Thus, peak splitting CZE and HPLC can be used to estimate voxelotor concentration.
ITree: a user-driven tool for interactive decision-making with classification trees
Authors: Sokołowski Hubert , Czajkowski Marcin , Czajkowska Anna , Jurczuk Krzysztof , Kretowski Marek 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Motivation
ITree is an intuitive web tool for the manual, semi-automatic, and automatic induction of decision trees. It enables interactive modifications of tree structures and incorporates Relative Expression Analysis for detecting complex patterns in high-throughput molecular data. This makes ITree a versatile tool for both research and education in biomedical data analysis.

Results
The tool allows users to instantly see the effects of modifications on decision trees, with updates to predictions and statistics displayed in real time, facilitating a deeper understanding of data classification processes.

Availability and implementation
Available online at https://itree.wi.pb.edu.pl. Source code and documentation are hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/hsokolowski/iTree and in supplement.
Suffused: baleen fringe mat porosity and hydrodynamics in balaenid and balaenopterid whales
Authors: Potvin Jean , Werth Alexander J 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Baleen plates of filter-feeding whales are longitudinally fibrous, separating where eroded medially into mats of fringes due to friction from water, prey, and the tongue. The fringes end up spreading-out, in other words suffusing, over the comb-like structure of the baleen assemblage. This study examined the relationships between mat morphology and the hydrodynamics it generates. Samples collected from nine rack locations on a bowhead whale (Balaena mysticetus) and fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) were investigated with a new technique of mat porosity determination in a flume setting. Porosity was measured in the range of 5–20% and 8–37% in the bowhead and fin whale samples respectively. These were largest ventrally in both species, while remaining somewhat insensitive to the flume’s water speed. A new hydrodynamical model of the through-mat currents was used to estimate speeds of  0.15–3.0 cm/s and mat permeabilities of the order of 10−13 m2, depending on the applied pressure. Finally, and relative to samples collected near the entrance of the mouth, these trends were quantitatively similar in both species. With tongue- and flow-based erosion as the main mechanism for mat creation in all extant mysticetes, our analysis suggests baleen-generated filtration as having emerged early in their evolution.
An extended multiplicative error model of allometry: Incorporating systematic components, non-normal distributions, and piecewise heteroscedasticity
Authors: Echavarría-Heras Héctor , Villa-Diharce Enrique , Montesinos-López Abelardo , Leal-Ramírez Cecilia 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Allometry refers to the relationship between the size of a trait and that of the whole body of an organism. Pioneering observations by Otto Snell and further elucidation by D’Arcy Thompson set the stage for its integration into Huxley’s explanation of constant relative growth that epitomizes through the formula of simple allometry. The traditional method to identify such a model conforms to a regression protocol fitted in the direct scales of data. It involves Huxley’s formula-systematic part and a lognormally distributed multiplicative error term. In many instances of allometric examination, the predictive strength of this paradigm is unsuitable. Established approaches to improve fit enhance the complexity of the systematic relationship while keeping the go-along normality-borne error. These extensions followed Huxley’s idea that considering a biphasic allometric pattern could be necessary. However, for present data composing 10 410 pairs of measurements of individual eelgrass leaf dry weight and area, a fit relying on a biphasic systematic term and multiplicative lognormal errors barely improved correspondence measure values while maintaining a heavy tails problem. Moreover, the biphasic form and multiplicative-lognormal-mixture errors did not provide complete fit dependability either. However, updating the outline of such an error term to allow heteroscedasticity to occur in a piecewise-like mode finally produced overall fit consistency. Our results demonstrate that when attempting to achieve fit quality improvement in a Huxley’s model-based multiplicative error scheme, allowing for a complex allometry form for the systematic part, a non-normal distribution-driven error term and a composite of uneven patterns to describe the heteroscedastic outline could be essential.
Ex vivokidney machine perfusion: meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
Authors: Kang Minseok , Kim Seonju , Choi Ji Yoon , Kim Kyeong Sik , Jung Yun Kyung , Park Boyoung , Choi Dongho 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundMachine perfusion is an organ preservation strategy used to improve function over simple storage in a cold environment. This article presents an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of machine perfusion in deceased donor kidneys.MethodsRCTs from November 2018 to July 2023 comparing machine perfusion versus static cold storage in kidney transplantation were evaluated for systematic review. The primary outcome in meta-analysis was delayed graft function.ResultsA total 19 studies were included, and 16 comparing hypothermic machine perfusion with static cold storage were analysed. The risk of delayed graft function was lower with hypothermic machine perfusion (risk ratio (RR) 0.77, 95% c.i. 0.69 to 0.86), even in kidneys after circulatory death (RR 0.78, 0.68 to 0.90) or brain death (RR 0.73, 0.63 to 0.84). Full hypothermic machine perfusion decreased the risk of delayed graft function (RR 0.69, 0.60 to 0.79), whereas partial hypothermic machine perfusion did not (RR 0.92, 0.69 to 1.22). Normothermic machine perfusion or short-term oxygenated hypothermic machine perfusion preservation after static cold storage was equivalent to static cold storage in terms of delayed graft function and 1-year graft survival.ConclusionHypothermic machine perfusion reduces delayed graft function risks and normothermic approaches show promise.