bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
A convenient synthesis of oxazolidinone derivatives linezolid and eperezolid from (S)‐glyceraldehyde acetonide
Authors: Xu Guangyu , Zhou Yi , Yang Chunhao , Xie Yuyuan 
Published: April 2008

AbstractA new convenient method for the synthesis of oxazolidinone antibacterials Linezolid and Eperezolid from readily available (S)‐glyceraldehyde acetonide was developed. The key steps include reductive amination of arylamine and (S)‐glyceraldehyde acetonide in the presence of NaBH4 and 4 Å sieve, followed by hydrolysis and regioselective cyclization. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:316–319, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20435
Synthesis, characterization, and computational study of some new organotellurium compounds containing azomethine groups
Authors: Al‐Rubaie Ali Z. , Al‐Masoudi Wasfi A. , Al‐Jadaan Shaker A. N. , Jalbout Abraham F. , Hameed Ali Jameel 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe reaction of ortho‐mercurated anilines with benzaldehyde gave the ortho‐mercurated Schiff bases. The reaction of the mercurated Schiff bases with tellurium tetrabromide in 1:1 and 2:1 mole ratio using dry chloroform as solvent gave the ortho‐tellurated Schiff bases compounds ArTeBr3 and Ar2TeBr2, respectively, in good yields (where Ar = 5‐ClC6H3N=CHC6H5, 5‐BrC6H3N=CHC6H5, 5‐CH3OC6H3N=CHC6H5, and 5‐NO2C6H3N=CHC6H5). The reduction of ArTeBr3 by hydrazine hydrate gave the corresponding ditelluride (i.e., Ar2Te2). Treatment of Ar2TeBr2 with hydrazine hydrate afforded tellurides (Ar2Te) in good yields. Attempts to prepare the corresponding aryl tellurenyl bromides, ArTeBr, by partial reduction of ArTeBr3 with various reducing agents were unsuccessful. All these new compounds were characterized by microanalysis, 1H, and 13C NMR, IR, and mass spectroscopic data. A computational study for the Te → N interactions of all compounds was calculated using the GAUSSIAN 03 program package. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Heteroatom Chem 19:307–315, 2008; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/hc.20437
Evaluation of substrates for 90° peel adhesion—A collaborative study. I. Medical tapes
Authors: Wokovich Anna M. , Brown Stanley A. , McMaster Fraser J. , Doub William H. , Cai Bing , Sadrieh Nakissa , Chen Mei Ling , Machado Stella , Shen Meiyu , Buhse Lucinda F. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAs part of a method development for peel testing, an interlaboratory comparison among Food and Drug Administration—Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration—Center for Devices and Radiological Health and Southwest Research Institute was conducted using medical tapes. The aim was to determine which readily available substrate [stainless steel (SS), high density polyethylene (HDPE) or Vitro‐Skin®] would best distinguish among various medical tapes. Five medical tapes (3M 1523, 3M 1525L, 3M 1776, Mepiform® and Mediderm® 3505) were evaluated on four different substrates (SS, HDPE, Vitro‐Skin, and human cadaver skin) using the following peel parameters: ∼ 3 min dwell time, 90° peel angle, and 300 mm/min peel rate. No substrate mimics cadaver skin for all five tapes. SS had the best ability to distinguish among the medical tapes. Overall, for quality control purposes (yielding good discrimination and precision), SS would be the optimal substrate. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Guide to collagen characterization for biomaterial studies
Authors: Abraham Leah C. , Zuena Erin , Perez‐Ramirez Bernardo , Kaplan David L. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe structure and remodeling of collagenin vivois critical to the pathology and healing of many human diseases, as well as to normal tissue development and regeneration. In addition, collagen matrices in the form of fibers, coatings, and films are used extensively in biomaterial and biomedical applications. The specific properties of these matrices, both in terms of physical and chemical characteristics, have a direct impact on cellular adhesion, spreading, and proliferation rates, and ultimately on the rate and extent of new extracellular matrix formationin vitroorin vivo. In recent studies, it has also been shown that collagen matrix structure has a major impact on cell and tissue outcomes related to cellular aging and differentiation potential. Collagen structure is complex because of both diversity of source materials, chemistry, and structural hierarchy. With such significant impact of collagen features on biological outcomes, it becomes essential to consider an appropriate set of analytical tools, or guide, so that collagens attained from commercial vendors are characterized in a comparative manner as an integral part of studies focused on biological parameters. The analysis should include as a starting point: (a) structural detail—mainly focused on molecular mass, purity, helical content, and bulk thermal properties, (b) chemical features—mainly focused on surface elemental analysis and hydrophobicity, and (c) morphological features at different length scales. The application of these analytical techniques to the characterization of collagen biomaterial matrices is critical in order to appropriately correlate biological responses from different studies with experimental outcomesin vitroorin vivo. As a case study, the analytical tools employed for collagen biomaterial studies are reviewed in the context of collagen remodeling by fibroblasts. The goal is to highlight the necessity of understanding collagen biophysical and chemical features as a prerequisite to (a) studies with cells and tissue formation, and (b) suggest modes to establish comparative outcomes for studies conducted in different laboratories. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Development of a bioactive glass fiber reinforced starch–polycaprolactone composite
Authors: Jukola H. , Nikkola L. , Gomes M. E. , Chiellini F. , Tukiainen M. , Kellomäki M. , Chiellini E. , Reis R. L. , Ashammakhi N. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractFor bone regeneration and repair, combinations of different materials are often needed. Biodegradable polymers are often combined with osteoconductive materials, such as bioactive glass (BaG), which can also improve the mechanical properties of the composite. The aim of this work was to develop and characterize BaG fiber reinforced starch–poly‐ε‐caprolactone (SPCL) composite. Sheets of SPCL (30/70 wt %) were produced using single‐screw extrusion. They were then cut and compression‐molded in layers with BaG fibers to form composite structures with different combinations. Mechanical and degradation properties of the composites were studied. The actual amount of BaG in the composites was determined using combustion tests. Initial mechanical properties of the reinforced composites were at least 50% better than the properties of the nonreinforced specimens. However, the mechanical properties of the composites after 2 weeks of hydrolysis were comparable to those of the nonreinforced samples. During the 6 weeks hydrolysis the mass of the composites had decreased only by about 5%. The amount of glass in the composites remained as initial for the 6‐week period of hydrolysis. In conclusion, it is possible to enhance initial mechanical properties of SPCL by reinforcing it with BaG fibers. However, mechanical properties of the composites are typical for bone fillers and strength properties need to be further improved for allowing more demanding bone applications. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Self‐assembling peptide nanofibers and skeletal myoblast transplantation in infarcted myocardium
Authors: Dubois Gilbert , Segers Vincent F. M. , Bellamy Valérie , Sabbah Laurent , Peyrard Séverine , Bruneval Patrick , Hagège Albert A. , Lee Richard T. , Menasché Philippe 
Published: April 2008

AbstractCell transplantation is currently limited by poor graft retention and survival in the postinfarction scar. Because this issue could potentially be addressed by embedding cells in bioinjectable scaffolds and boosting cell survival pathways, we induced a myocardial infarction in 72 rats to assess the effects of different self‐assembling peptides with or without platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF‐BB) on survival of transplanted skeletal myoblasts. Two weeks after coronary artery ligation, rats were randomized to receive in‐scar injections of culture medium (controls, n = 11), self‐assembling peptide (RAD16‐I) nanofibers (NF, n = 9), skeletal myoblasts (n = 12), or skeletal myoblasts in combination with NF (n = 8). In separate experiments with different self‐assembling peptides (RAD16‐II), rats received in‐scar injections of culture medium (controls, n = 6), skeletal myoblasts (n = 10), PDGF‐loaded peptides (n = 7), or skeletal myoblasts (5 × 106) in combination with PDGF‐loaded peptides (n = 9). After 1 month, left ventricular function, as assessed by echocardiography, was not improved in either of the experimental groups compared with controls. This correlated with the failure of RAD16‐I peptides or PDGF‐loaded RAD16‐II peptides to improve myoblast survival despite a greater angiogenesis. In vitro experiments confirmed that the number of myoblasts decreased over time when seeded on nanofiber gels. These data suggest that the optimal use of biomaterial scaffolds for survival of transplanted cells will require specific tailoring of the biomaterial to the cell type. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008
Antenatal 3‐dimensional sonographic diagnosis of fetal oropharyngeal teratoma
Authors: Lulla Chander , Hegde Amogh , Thakur Priya 
Published: April 2008

AbstractWe report a case of a large fetal oropharyngeal teratoma in a 19‐week fetus evaluated with 3‐dimensional (3D) sonography. The 3D sonographic surface and maximum mode rendering of the tumor allowed detailed visualization of the mass lesion and thus enabled active patient participation in the management of the pregnancy. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2008.
Fetal meconium peritonitis complicated with bacterial infection
Authors: Yanfang Zhong , Chun Hong , Limin Wang , Li Zeng , Zhu Lin , Huamei Huang 
Published: April 2008

AbstractFetal meconium peritonitis complicated by bacterial infection is extremely rare. We report a case of fetal ascites at 21 weeks of gestation with subsequent development of loculation, encapsulation, and calcification at 25 weeks. Paracentesis of loculated ascitic fluid at 28 weeks of gestation showed a purulent appearance with the presence of cocci bacteria, increase in white cell count, and a low glucose level, which were suggestive of bacterial infection. However, no sources of maternal infection could be identified. The total bilirubin level of the ascitic fluid was normal (21 μmol/L). A healthy baby was delivered at 37 weeks. CT scan revealed normal bowel without any sign of perforation. We postulate that when ascitic fluid becomes loculated, a normal bilirubin level on paracentesis indicates spontaneous closure of a previous bowel perforation. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2008.
Perceived travel risks: the traveller perspective and manageability
Authors: Simpson Penny M. , Siguaw Judy A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractAlthough a large number of studies both in and out of the tourism literature have examined perceived risk, the risk categories utilized are often too broad and are not generated from the perspective of current and potential travellers. This deficiency in the travel research is addressed in this study by asking more than 2,000 respondents to identify their concerns when travelling. All respondent concerns were content analyzed to derive ten travel‐specific risks and the relationship of the identified risks with demographic characteristics of the respondents was examined. The identification of these potential and actual traveller‐driven travel‐risks allows tourism officials to better understand how to respond to alleviate traveller concerns and encourage travel. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effect of Temperature and Solvent on Dispersion of Layered Platelets Studied by Monte Carlo Simulation
Authors: Pandey Ras B. , Farmer Barry L. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThe effects of solvent and temperature on the exfoliation of layered platelets are studied by a Monte Carlo simulation on a cubic lattice. A platelet is modeled by a square sheet consisting of nodes tethered together by fluctuating bonds and the solvent by a set of particles. The interaction strength between sheets and the solvent describes the solvent quality. Density profiles of the sheet and solvent particles and their dynamics are studied. We find that the platelets are held together by attractive interactions between sheets and particles via their interstitial intercalation and disperse (exfoliate) easily with weakly attractive to repulsive interactions. The dispersion is enhanced on increasing the temperature.magnified image
Metabolic viability assessment of cystic echinococcosis using high‐field 1H MRS of cyst contents
Authors: Hosch Waldemar , Junghanss Thomas , Stojkovic Marija , Brunetti Enrico , Heye Tobias , Kauffmann Günter W. , Hull William E. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractCystic echinococcosis is a worldwide disease caused by larval stages of the parasite Echinococcus granulosus (canine tapeworm). In clinical practice, staging of cyst development by ultrasonography (US) has allowed treatment options to be tailored to individual patient needs. However, the empirical correlation between cyst morphology and parasite viability is not always dependable and has, until now, required confirmation by invasive assessment of cyst content by light microscopy (LM), for example. Alternatively, high‐field 1H MRS may be used to examine cyst fluid ex vivo and prepare detailed quantitative metabolite profiles, enabling a multivariate metabolomics approach to cyst staging. One‐dimensional and two‐dimensional 1H and 1H/13C MRS at 600 MHz (14.1 T) was used to analyze 50 cyst aspirates of various US and LM classes. MR parameters and concentrations relative to internal valine were determined for 44 metabolites and four substance classes. The high concentrations of succinate, fumarate, malate, acetate, alanine, and lactate found in earlier studies of viable cysts were confirmed, and additional metabolites such as myo‐inositol, sorbitol, 1,5‐anhydro‐D‐glucitol, betaine, and 2‐hydroxyisovalerate were identified. Data analysis and cyst classification were performed using univariate (succinate), bivariate (succinate vs fumarate), and multivariate partial least squares discriminant analysis (PSL‐DA) methods (with up to 48 metabolite variables). Metabolic classification of 23 viable and 18 nonviable cysts on the basis of succinate alone agreed with LM results. However, for seven samples, LM and MRS gave opposing results. Reclassification of these samples and two unclassified samples by PLS‐DA prediction techniques led to a set of 50 samples that could be completely separated into viable and nonviable MRS classes with no overlap, using as few as nine variables: succinate, formate, malate, 2‐hydroxyisovalerate, acetate, total protein content, 1,5‐anhydro‐D‐glucitol, alanine, and betaine. Thus, future noninvasive in vivo applications of MRS would appear promising. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Development and psychometric evaluation of an Arab version of the family peer relationship questionnaire
Authors: Aroian Karen J. , Hough Edythe S. , Templin Thomas N. , Kaskiri Eleni A. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractLittle is known about parent and peer relationships in immigrant adolescents due to a dearth of culturally sensitive measures. We adapted the Family Peer Relationship Questionnaire (FPRQ) for Arab immigrant mothers and their adolescents. Mothers and adolescents completed parallel versions of the Arab FPRQ and measures of child behavior problems, child social relations, and maternal depression. Data analyses included confirmatory factor analysis and concurrent validity. The proposed four‐factor structure was replicated in both the mother and child forms. Scores from the Arab FPRQ subscales and the other measures provided evidence of concurrent and discriminant validity, suggesting that the Arab FPRQ is a viable assessment tool. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Res Nurs Health 31:402–416, 2008
Retrospective evaluation of pain assessment and treatment for acute vasoocclusive episodes in children with sickle cell disease
Authors: Zempsky William T. , Loiselle Kristin A. , McKay Kathleen , Blake Gabriella L. , Hagstrom J. Nathan , Schechter Neil L. , Kain Zeev N. 
Published: April 2008

AbstractBackgroundThis study was conducted to assess the care of pediatric patients hospitalized for sickle cell disease‐related vasoocclusive episodes (VOE). The aim of this research was to illustrate the course of pain scores and methods of therapeutic intervention during hospitalization.ProcedureRetrospective medical chart reviews were conducted to collect pain assessment and management data about children hospitalized during a 2‐year period at an urban children's hospital. T tests and Chi‐square analyses were used to identify differences in demographic variables, pain scores and opiate utilization.ResultsThere were 59 children with 134 hospitalizations for VOE in a 2‐year period. 50.8% of the patients were male; the mean age was 11.5 ± 4.9 years. The average length of hospitalization was 4.6 ± 2.7 days (range 1–19 days). Older patients stayed in the hospital significantly longer than younger patients (P = 0.002). Pain scores remained in the moderate to severe range (≥5 out of 10) for many days in the majority of patients. Results failed to reveal significant differences in pain scores and opiate utilization between patients who had short versus extended hospitalizations, and for those patients with frequent versus infrequent hospitalizations for pain.ConclusionsDespite opiate dosing within recommended guidelines, mean pain scores remain in the moderate to severe range for several days following hospitalization for VOE. Future research should explore the factors which influence pain scores, as well as improved pain assessment and management techniques. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2008;51:265–268. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Sertindole Cohort Prospective (SCoP) study: rationale, design and methodology
Authors: Peuskens Joseph , Tanghøj Per , Mittoux Aurélia 
Published: April 2008

AbstractPurposeTo describe the rationale and methodology of the Sertindole Cohort Prospective (SCoP) study.MethodsThe SCoP study was a prospective, randomized, partially blinded, active‐controlled, multinational trial. It was designed to assess the safety of the antipsychotic sertindole in the treatment of schizophrenia under normal conditions of use. Risperidone, a widely used antipsychotic, not associated with major safety concerns, served as comparator drug. Inclusion criteria were deliberately broad in order to ensure high external validity, but patients had to be eligible for treatment with both drugs. The first primary endpoint was all‐cause mortality, a measure highly resistant to bias, and the second was hospitalization with arrhythmia. Secondary endpoints comprised cause‐specific fatal events, hospitalizations, suicide attempts and treatment duration. An Independent Safety Committee (ISC) classified the events using blinded data and provided advice to an Independent Management Committee (IMC) that was overseeing the trial. It was calculated that 3800 person years of exposure were needed in each treatment arm to obtain a power of 80%. This makes the SCoP study one of the largest post‐authorization trials ever conducted in schizophrenia research.ResultsThis report describes the design of the study, its rationale and the methods used.ConclusionsNaturalistic estimates of drug safety constitute essential information when prescribing antipsychotic medication. In the SCoP study, data were collected prospectively in a randomized, controlled manner and under normal conditions of use. Such a design ensured the high quality of data needed to adequately evaluate the ‘real‐world’ safety of sertindole treatment. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Relations among school connectedness, hope, life satisfaction, and bully victimization
Authors: You Sukkyung , Furlong Michael J. , Felix Erika , Sharkey Jill D. , Tanigawa Diane , Green Jennifer Greif 
Published: April 2008

AbstractThis study investigates the role of school connectedness in mediating the relation between students' sense of hope and life satisfaction for three groups: Bullied Victims, Peer Victims, and Nonvictims. Students in grades 5 to 12 (N = 866) completed the California Bully/Victim Scale, School Connectedness Scale, Children's Hope Scale, and Students' Life Satisfaction Scale. Multigroup latent mean analysis revealed significant group mean differences in hope, school connectedness, and life satisfaction, supporting our bullying classification. Multigroup structural model analysis showed differential patterns between hope, school connectedness, and life satisfaction. Specifically, school connectedness partially mediated the relation between hope and life satisfaction for the Nonvictims only. The effect of hope on school connectedness was stronger for the Bullied Victims than the Nonvictims, and the effect of hope on life satisfaction was stronger for the Peer Victims and Bullied Victims than the Nonvictims group. Implications for research and practice are discussed. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A potent tyrosinase activator from Radix Polygoni multiflori and its melanogenesis stimulatory effect in B16 melanoma cells
Authors: Guan Shuyu , Su Weiwei , Wang Ning , Li Peibo , Wang Yonggang 
Published: April 2008

AbstractTyrosinase is a key enzyme in melanin biosynthesis. Activators of tyrosinase with stimulatory effects on melanogenesis are beneficial for the treatment of hypopigmentation diseases. In the present study, mushroom tyrosinase activity assay was performed to screen tyrosinase activators from traditional Chinese herbs. Four components from Radix Polygoni multiflori were tested. The most active compound, 2,3,5,4′‐tetrahydroxystilbene‐2‐O‐β‐d‐glucoside (THSG), was found to be a significant tyrosinase activator. The maximal activation was 126% at a concentration of 75.0 µg/mL. The three anthraquinones slightly activated tyrosinase with effects in the range 7–31%. All the compounds were tested in B16 melanoma cells, the anthraquinones were found to inhibit cell proliferation at a concentration of 0.1–2.5 µg/mL, and THSG was found to be non‐cytotoxic at a concentration of 0.1–12.5 µg/mL. THSG significantly increased the activity of murine tyrosinase and stimulated melanin biosynthesis in B16 melanoma cells. In conclusion, THSG is a potent tyrosinase activator and stimulator of melanogenesis with potential for the treatment of hypopigmentation disease. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.