bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Supportive care needs: are patients with lung cancer a neglected population?
Authors: Li Jiong , Girgis Afaf 
Published: November 2005

AbstractWhile the unmet supportive care needs are well documented for some groups of cancer patients, relatively little is known about the levels and types of needs of lung cancer patients. The study aims to compare the levels of lung cancer patients' psychosocial needs with those of other cancer patients. A total of 1492 consecutive patients in nine major public cancer treatment centres in New South Wales, Australia, were invited to participate in the Supportive Care Needs Study; 888 completed surveys were received. The mean number of unmet needs (out of a maximum of 59) reported by lung cancer patients was 15.6 (95% CI 12.1–19.1), compared to 10.9 (95% CI 10.0–11.8) in other cancer patients. The differences were mainly due to the fact that lung cancer patients reported a higher mean number of unmet psychological needs (7.6 versus 5.0) and physical and daily living unmet needs (2.8 versus 1.4), compared to the other cancer patients. Having a lung cancer diagnosis was an independent predictor of having a high level of psychological need (RR 2.00, 95%CI 1.13–3.56) and daily living need (RR 2.81, 95%CI 1.60–4.95), together with not being in remission, and receiving the cancer diagnosis more than two years previously. The results suggest that priority needs to be given to addressing the specific needs of this sub‐group of cancer survivors. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A randomized, controlled trial of mindfulness‐based art therapy (MBAT) for women with cancer
Authors: Monti Daniel A. , Peterson Caroline , Kunkel Elisabeth J. Shakin , Hauck Walter W. , Pequignot Edward , Rhodes Lora , Brainard George C. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to gather data on the efficacy of a newly developed psychosocial group intervention for cancer patients, called mindfulness‐based art therapy (MBAT). One hundred and eleven women with a variety of cancer diagnoses were paired by age and randomized to either an eight‐week MBAT intervention group or a wait‐list control group. Ninety‐three participants (84%) completed both the pre‐ and post‐study measurements. As compared to the control group, the MBAT group demonstrated a significant decrease in symptoms of distress (as measured by the Symptoms Checklist‐90‐Revised) and significant improvements in key aspects of health‐related quality of life (as measured by the Medical Outcomes Study Short‐Form Health Survey). This investigation of MBAT provides initial encouraging data that support a possible future role for the intervention as a psychosocial treatment option for cancer patients. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Body image and sexual problems in young women with breast cancer
Authors: Fobair Pat , Stewart Susan L. , Chang Subo , D'Onofrio Carol , Banks Priscilla J. , Bloom Joan R. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractPurpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of body image and sexual problems in the first months after treatment among women diagnosed with breast cancer at age 50 or younger.Background: Breast cancer treatment may have severe effects on the bodies of younger women. Surgical treatment may be disfiguring, chemotherapy may cause abrupt menopause, and hormone replacement is not recommended.Methods: A multi‐ethnic population‐based sample of 549 women aged 22–50 who were married or in a stable unmarried relationship were interviewed within seven months of diagnosis with in situ, local, or regional breast cancer.Results: Body image and sexual problems were experienced by a substantial proportion of women in the early months after diagnosis. Half of the 546 women experienced two or more body image problems some of the time (33%), or at least one problem much of the time (17%). Among sexually active women, greater body image problems were associated with mastectomy and possible reconstruction, hair loss from chemotherapy, concern with weight gain or loss, poorer mental health, lower self‐esteem, and partner's difficulty understanding one's feelings. Among the 360 sexually active women, half (52%) reported having a little problem in two or more areas of sexual functioning (24%), or a definite or serious problem in at least one area (28%). Greater sexual problems were associated with vaginal dryness, poorer mental health, being married, partner's difficulty understanding one's feelings, and more body image problems, and there were significant ethnic differences in reported severity.Conclusions: Difficulties related to sexuality and sexual functioning were common and occurred soon after surgical and adjuvant treatment. Addressing these problems is essential to improve the quality of life of young women with breast cancer. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Optimism, social support and psychosocial functioning among women with breast cancer
Authors: Friedman Lois C. , Kalidas Mamta , Elledge Richard , Chang Jenny , Romero Catherine , Husain Inna , Dulay Mario F. , Liscum Kathleen R. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractPersonality, psychosocial, demographic and medical variables have been identified as correlates of adjustment to breast cancer and quality of life (QoL). Most studies have examined relationships between personality, social support and adjustment to cancer in predominantly middle‐class Caucasian samples, thus limiting the generalizability of their findings. Eighty‐one female outpatients at a medical oncology breast clinic in a county general hospital serving primarily indigent Hispanic and African‐American patients completed measures assessing demographic and medical information, health‐related QoL, cancer‐specific distress, mood disturbance, dispositional optimism and satisfaction with social support. Older age, receipt of treatment and greater optimism accounted for 41% of the variance in emotional well‐being (p<0.01). Absence of family history of breast cancer, receipt of treatment and optimism accounted for 43% of the variance in functional well‐being (p<0.01). Optimism and satisfaction with social support accounted for 43% of the variance in social/family well‐being (p<0.01). Absence of treatment (not yet treated) and pessimism accounted for 31% of the variance in cancer‐specific distress (p<0.01). Finally, family history of breast cancer and pessimism accounted for 48% of the variance in mood disturbance (p<0.001). Family history of breast cancer and pessimism were related to mood disturbance (p<0.001). No between‐group differences were found for race/ethnicity for any of the variables. Encouraging positive expectations and facilitating social support may help women in public sector medical settings cope with the stressful demands of diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer regardless of race/ethnicity. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Social constraints and spousal communication in lung cancer
Authors: Badr Hoda , Taylor Cindy L. Carmack 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThe Social Cognitive Processing Model suggests that talking with others facilitates cognitive and emotional processing of experiences such as cancer if the social context in which these discussions take place is supportive and positive. Despite this, patients and spouses may inadvertently constrain each other's attempts to process and cope with the disease. To our knowledge, no previous studies have directly examined the effect of lung cancer on the spousal relationship. We began to examine this effect by identifying the social constraints experienced by couples coping with lung cancer through semi‐structured interviews with 13 patients and 12 spouses. Using Grounded Theory methodology, our analyses showed that these couples experienced a wide variety of social constraints, including denial, avoidance, and conflict that can hinder open spousal communication. Specifically, patients and spouses reported trouble discussing continued tobacco use, cancer‐related symptoms, prognosis, and the emotional effects of lung cancer on the spouse. Despite these constraints, participants who reported talking with their partners about their relationships reported fewer constraints and better communication about cancer. These findings highlight the importance of a relationship perspective in the study of lung cancer and provide information about how talking together about the spousal relationship may enable couples to minimize social constraints and enhance cognitive and emotional processing of the disease. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Audience responses to a research‐based drama about life after breast cancer
Authors: Sinding Christina , Gray Ross , Grassau Pamela , Damianakis Falia , Hampson Ann 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThis article explores audience reactions to the research‐based drama Ladies in Waiting? Life After Breast Cancer. Quantitative findings indicate an overwhelmingly positive response, with approximately 90% of those who saw the production agreeing that they benefited from seeing it and indicating that they would recommend it to others. Qualitative data reveal a more complex picture of the range of reactions, allowing us to describe the most valued aspects of the production (mainly how it eased isolation and normalized the difficult aspects of survivorship) and to better understand the few reports of distress. Audience responses to Ladies in Waiting? suggest that chronic aspects of breast cancer are rarely acknowledged. Viewing the production as one that reveals difficult and hidden realities allows for a fuller understanding both of its supportive and unsettling effects. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Enthalpies of Formation and Reaction for Primary Reactions of Methyl‐ and Methylmethoxysilanes from Density Functional Theory
Authors: Casserly Thomas B. , Gleason Karen K. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractSummary: The enthalpies of formation and enthalpies of reaction at 298 K for a set of Si:C:O:H species derived from methylsilanes and methylmethoxysilanes were computed using the B3LYP density functional theory. Total energies were calculated at the B3LYP/6‐311+G(3df,2p)//B3LYP/6‐311+G(d) level. Zero point energies and thermal corrections were calculated using B3LYP/6‐311+G(d)//B3LYP/6‐311+G(d) vibrational energies scaled by a factor of 0.96. The average absolute deviation of enthalpies of formation and reaction were 3.89 and 1.86 kcal/mol, respectively. Bond strengths and reactions with O atom and H atom are examined in the context of understanding the initial reactions in chemical vapor deposition. The SiH bond was calculated to be 8.4 kcal/mol stronger than the SiC bond in methylsilanes and to increase by 0.6 kcal/mol with increased methylation; however, the thermochemistry of methylsilane reactions with O atom favors scission of the SiH bond to produce hydroxyl and methylsilyl radicals. Thermodynamic control over the reaction pathways of methylmethoxysilanes is possible only when considering the reaction with H atom for which methylmethoxysilanol formation is favored. This illuminates a conceivable strategy to control the SiOSi bonding network while retaining methyl functionality in a CVD thin film by controlling the ratio of methoxy functionality and free hydrogen in the reactor. Density functional theory is a useful tool in understanding and subsequently controlling the initial chemistry in the CVD process.Representation of the reaction of methyltrimethoxysilane with hydrogen atoms to produce the favored products, dimethylmethoxysilanol and methyl radicals.magnified imageRepresentation of the reaction of methyltrimethoxysilane with hydrogen atoms to produce the favored products, dimethylmethoxysilanol and methyl radicals.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Intestinal Malabsorption in Cystic Fibrosis
Authors: Littlewood James M. , Wolfe Susan P. , Conway Steven P. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractIntestinal malabsorption is severe and of early onset in virtually all people who have cystic fibrosis. The main cause is deficiency of pancreatic enzymes. Bicarbonate deficiency, abnormal bile salts, mucosal transport problems, motility differences, and anatomical structural changes are other contributory factors. Effective treatment should allow a normal to high‐fat diet to be taken, control symptoms, correct malabsorption, and achieve a normal nutritional state and growth. Appropriate pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy will achieve normal or near‐normal absorption in most people with cystic fibrosis. Early identification and treatment of intestinal malabsorption is critical to achieving optimal nutritional status. The occurrence of fibrosing colonopathy in a few patients on very high doses of those enzymes which have the copolymer Eudragit L30 D55 in their covering resulted in guidelines in the UK to avoid doses equivalent to more than 10,000 IU lipase per kg per day, and also to avoid preparations containing this copolymer in children and adolescents. For patients not responding to 10,000 IU lipase per kg per day review of adherence to treatment, change of enzyme preparation, variation in time of administration, and reduction in gastric acid may improve absorption. The importance of early investigation to exclude other gastrointestinal disorders as a cause of the patient's symptoms, rather than merely increasing the dose of enzymes, is stressed. With modern pancreatic enzymes in doses up to or only slightly in excess of 10,000 IU lipase per kg per day, adequate control of gastrointestinal symptoms and absorption can be achieved, and a normal nutritional state and growth rate maintained in most people with cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Pulmonol. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Clinical and Technical Factors Affecting pH and Other Biomarkers in Exhaled Breath Condensate
Authors: Leung Ting F. , Li Chung Y. , Yung Edmund , Liu Eric K.H. , Lam Christopher W.K. , Wong Gary W.K. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractExhaled breath condensate (EBC) pH appears to be a robust measure of asthma. However, the association between EBC pH and clinical factors and airway inflammatory markers remains unclear. The objectives of this study were to investigate the factors determining EBC pH in asthmatic children, and the reproducibility and effects of collection devices on EBC pH in nine healthy, nonsmoking adults. EBC was collected once from asthmatic children using EcoScreen, and from adults over 3 consecutive days using both RTubes and EcoScreen. EBC pH was measured immediately in non‐deaerated samples by microelectrode pH meter. Concentrations of 8‐isoprostane, cysteinyl leukotrienes (cys‐LT), and leukotriene B4 (LTB4) were measured using enzyme immunoassay. Exhaled nitric oxide concentration (FeNO) was measured by chemiluminescence. Fifty‐eight asthmatics (16 intermittent, 12 mild persistent, and 30 moderate‐to‐severe persistent) were recruited. EBC pH was lower among patients with moderate‐to‐severe persistent than intermittent asthma (P = 0.046). This marker correlated inversely with disease severity score (ρ = −0.276, P = 0.036), but not FeNO or other EBC biomarkers. Bland‐Altman analyses found pH but not other EBC biomarkers to be reproducible, which were confirmed by its low coefficient of variation (2.7%; range, 0.4–5.2%). There was poor correlation between pH in EBC collected by RTube and EcoScreen (ρ = 0.059, P = 0.784). Factor analysis selected four factors that explained 67.5% of the total variance, and EBC pH clustered with both cys‐LT and LTB4. In conclusion, our results suggest that pH in non‐deaerated EBC is influenced by asthma severity in children. EBC pH measurement is reproducible, but is dependent on the collection devices used. Pediatr Pulmonol. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Lung Function Tests in Neonates and Infants with Chronic Lung Disease: Forced Expiratory Maneuvers
Authors: Lum Sooky , Hülskamp Georg , Merkus Peter , Baraldi Eugenio , Hofhuis Ward , Stocks Janet 
Published: November 2005

AbstractThis fourth paper in a review series on the role of lung function testing in infants and young children with acute neonatal disorders and chronic lung disease of infancy (CLDI) addresses measurements of forced expiration using rapid thoraco‐abdominal compression (RTC) techniques and the forced deflation technique. Following orientation of the reader to the subject area, we focus our comments on the areas of inquiry proposed in the introductory paper to this series. The quality of the published literature is reviewed critically, and recommendations are provided to guide future investigation in this field. All studies on infants and young children with CLDI using forced expiratory or deflation maneuvers demonstrated that forced flows at low lung volume remain persistently low through the first 3 years of life. Measurement of maximal flow at functional residual capacity (V′maxFRC) is the most commonly used method for assessing airway function in infants, but is highly dependent on lung volume and airway tone. Recent studies suggested that the raised volume RTC technique, which assesses lung function over an extended volume range as in older children, may be a more sensitive means of discriminating changes in airway function in infants with respiratory disease. The forced deflation technique allows investigation of pulmonary function during the early development of CLDI in intubated subjects, but its invasive nature precludes its use in the routine setting. For all techniques, there is an urgent need to establish suitable reference data and evaluate within‐ and between‐occasion repeatability, prior to establishing the clinical usefulness of these techniques in assessing baseline airway function and/or response to interventions in subjects with CLDI. Pediatr Pulmonol. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Molecular dynamics study on the folding and metallation of the individual domains of metallothionein
Authors: Rigby Kelly E. , Chan Jayna , Mackie Jason , Stillman Martin J. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractDe novo synthesis of metallothionein (MT) initially forms the metal‐free protein, which must, in a posttranslational reaction, coordinate metal ions via the cysteine sulfur ligands to form the fully folded protein structure. In this article, we use molecular dynamics (MD) and molecular mechanics (MM) to investigate the metal‐dependent folding steps of the individual domains of recombinant human metallothionein (MT). The divalent metals were removed sequentially from the metal‐sulfur M4(Scys)11and M3(Scys)9clusters within the α‐ and β‐ domains of MT, respectively, after protonation of the previously coordinating sulfurs. With each of the four (α) or three (β) sites defined, an order of metal release could be determined on the basis of a comparison of the strain energies for each combination by selecting the lowest energy demetallated conformations. The effect of an additional noninteracting, 34‐residue peptide sequence on the demetallation order was assessed when bound to either the N‐ or C‐termini of the individual domain fragments to identify the differences in cluster stability between one‐ and two‐domain proteins. The N‐terminal‐bound peptide had no effect on the order of metal removal; however, addition to the C‐terminus significantly altered the sequence. The number of hydrogen bonds was calculated for each energy‐minimized demetallated structure and was increased on metal removal, indicating a possible stabilization mechanism for the protein structure via a hydrogen‐bonding network. On complete demetallation, the cysteinyl sulfurs were shown to move to the exterior surface of the peptide chain. Proteins 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Optimization of multiple‐sequence alignment based on multiple‐structure alignment
Authors: Shatsky Maxim , Nussinov Ruth , Wolfson Haim J. 
Published: November 2005

AbstractRoutinely used multiple‐sequence alignment methods use only sequence information. Consequently, they may produce inaccurate alignments. Multiple‐structure alignment methods, on the other hand, optimize structural alignment by ignoring sequence information. Here, we present an optimization method that unifies sequence and structure information. The alignment score is based on standard amino acid substitution probabilities combined with newly computed three‐dimensional structure alignment probabilities. The advantage of our alignment scheme is in its ability to produce more accurate multiple alignments. We demonstrate the usefulness of the method in three applications: 1) computing more accurate multiple‐sequence alignments, 2) analyzing protein conformational changes, and 3) computation of amino acid structure‐sequence conservation with application to protein–protein docking prediction. The method is available athttp://bioinfo3d.cs.tau.ac.il/staccato/. Proteins 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Modeling evolution of hydrogen bonding and stabilization of transition states in the process of cocaine hydrolysis catalyzed by human butyrylcholinesterase
Authors: Gao Daquan , Zhan Chang‐Guo 
Published: November 2005

AbstractMolecular dynamics (MD) simulations and quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical (QM/MM) calculations were performed on the prereactive enzyme‐substrate complex, transition states, intermediates, and product involved in the process of human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)‐catalyzed hydrolysis of (−)‐cocaine. The computational results consistently reveal a unique role of the oxyanion hole (consisting of G116, G117, and A199) in BChE‐catalyzed hydrolysis of cocaine, compared to acetylcholinesterase (AChE)‐catalyzed hydrolysis of acetylcholine. During BChE‐catalyzed hydrolysis of cocaine, only G117 has a hydrogen bond with the carbonyl oxygen (O31) of the cocaine benzoyl ester in the prereactive BChE‐cocaine complex, and the NH groups of G117 and A199 are hydrogen‐bonded with O31 of cocaine in all of the transition states and intermediates. Surprisingly, the NH hydrogen of G116 forms an unexpected hydrogen bond with the carboxyl group of E197 side chain and, therefore, is not available to form a hydrogen bond with O31 of cocaine in the acylation. The NH hydrogen of G116 is only partially available to form a weak hydrogen bond with O31 of cocaine in some structures involved in the deacylation. The change of the estimated hydrogen‐bonding energy between the oxyanion hole and O31 of cocaine during the reaction process demonstrates how the protein environment can affect the energy barrier for each step of the BChE‐catalyzed hydrolysis of cocaine. These insights concerning the effects of the oxyanion hole on the energy barriers provide valuable clues on how to rationally design BChE mutants with a higher catalytic activity for the hydrolysis of (−)‐cocaine. Proteins 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Crystal structure of ScpB from Chlorobium tepidum, a protein involved in chromosome partitioning
Authors: Kim Jeong‐Sun , Shin Dong Hae , Pufan Ramona , Huang Candice , Yokota Hisao , Kim Rosalind , Kim Sung‐Hou 
Published: November 2005

AbstractStructural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) proteins are essential in chromosome condensation and interact with non‐SMC proteins in eukaryotes and with segregation and condensation proteins (ScpA and ScpB) in prokaryotes. The highly conserved gene in Chlorobium tepidum gi 21646405 encodes ScpB (ScpB_ChTe). The high resolution crystal structure of ScpB_ChTe shows that the monomeric structure consists of two similarly shaped globular domains composed of three helices sided by β‐strands [a winged helix‐turn‐helix (HTH)], a motif observed in the C‐terminal domain of Scc1, a functionally related eukaryotic ScpA homolog, as well as in many DNA binding proteins. Proteins 2006. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.