bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Practical protocols for the prevention of dental disease in community settings for people with special needs: preface
Authors: Glassman Paul 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThis issue of Special Care in Dentistry presents protocols that were designed during a conference, Practical Protocols for the Prevention of Dental Disease in Community Settings for People with Special Needs, which was held at the University of the Pacific School of Dentistry on February 1, 2002. After each expert reviewed and reported on one area of the literature, which included risk assessment; chlorhexidine mouth rinses; xylitol chewing gum; topical fluoride and fluoride varnish applications; and methods to control or treat periodontal disease, practical protocols were developed. Next, a strategy of implementation and dissemination will be designed using nurses, case managers, social workers, caregivers, and others to encourage people with special needs to use these protocols. A plan will also be implemented to increase social and health care provider awareness about these interventions through professional publications and educational opportunities. The goal is to reduce dental disease in special needs populations and thereby decrease the need for difficult and costly treatment.
Clinical study of anesthetic management during dental treatment of 25 patients with cardiomyopathy
Authors: Shibuya Makiko , Kamekura Nobuhito , Kimura Yukifumi , Fujisawa Toshiaki , Fukushima Kazuaki 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThis retrospective study analyzed the management of 25 patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), or dilated phase of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (dHCM) treated in the outpatient clinic of the Department of Dental Anesthesiology at Hokkaido University. A total of 87 dental treatment sessions were completed. Intravenous sedation was used significantly more often for patients with HCM than those who had DCM. This seemed to be because dental anesthesiologists expected sedative drugs to suppress hyperdynamic circulatory changes caused by mental stress. Intraoperative complications occurred during 19 treatments. The incidence of circulatory complications increased when participants with DCM also reported dental fear. For participants with HCM who reported dental fear, circulatory complications occurred only when sedation was not used. It is not clear whether complications were related to cardiac function or dental treatment. Therefore, it is important to continually monitor patients with these conditions and to be prepared to handle complications that may arise during dental treatment.
Management of a patient with Mobius syndrome: a case report
Authors: Ha Chungyoon Y. , Messieha Zakaria S. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTMobius syndrome is a rare congenital disorder with the primary diagnostic criteria of congenital facial and abducent nerve palsy. Orofacial anomalies and limb malformations may be associated with the disorder. Involvement of other cranial nerves also is common. Occasionally, the V, X, XI, and XII cranial nerves are involved, resulting in difficulty of chewing, swallowing, and coughing, which often leads to respiratory complications. Mental retardation and autism have been reported in some cases. An 18–year‐old Hispanic male came to the General Practice Residency clinic at the University of Illinois at Chicago for dental treatment. The patient had a history of Mobius syndrome, mental retardation, and behavioral problems. Because of acute situational anxiety and violent behavior, we arranged for the patient to have general anesthesia while we provided complete oral rehabilitation. This article discusses the treatment of a patient, including special considerations taken during anesthesia and dental management. A review of the special challenges concerning patients with such a condition are reviewed.
Predictors of oral health quality of life in older adults
Authors: Swoboda Jessica , Kiyak H. Asuman , Persson Rigmor E. , Persson G. Rutger , Yamaguchi David K. , MacEntee Michael I. , Wyatt Christopher C.L. 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThere is limited information regarding oral health status and other predictors of oral health‐related quality of life. An association between oral health status and perceived oral health‐related quality of life (OHQOL) might help clinicians motivate patients to prevent oral diseases and improve the outcome of some dental public health programs. This study evaluated the relationship between older persons' OHQOL and their functional dentition, caries, periodontal status, chronic diseases, and some demographic characteristics. A group of 733 low‐income elders (mean age 72.7 ISD=4.71, 55.6% women, 55.1% members of ethnic minority groups in the U.S. and Canada) enrolled in the TEETH clinical trial were interviewed and examined as part of their fifth annual visit for the trial. OHQOL was measured by the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI); oral health and occlusal status by clinical exams and the Eichner Index; and demographics via interviews. Elders who completed the four‐year assessment had an average of 21.5 teeth (SD=6.9). with 8.5 occluding pairs (SD=4.6), and 32% with occlusal contacts in all four occluding zones. Stepwise multiple regressions were conducted to predict total GOHAI and its subscores (Physical, Social, and Worry). Functional dentition was a less significant predictor than ethnicity and being foreign‐bom. These variables, together with gender, years since immigrating, number of carious roots, and periodontal status, could predict 32% of the variance in total GOHAI, 24% in Physical, 27% in Social, and 21 % in the Worry subscales. These findings suggest that functional dentition and caries influence older adults' OHQOL, but that ethnicity and immigrant status play a larger role.
Helicobacter pylori infection in people who are intellectually and developmentally disabled: A review
Authors: Kitchens Dinah H. , Binkley Catherine J. , Wallace Debra L. , Darling Douglas 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTThe Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacterium has been classified by the World Health Organization as a type 1 carcinogen with associations to the development of peptic and gastric ulcere, gastric carcinoma and primary B‐cell lymphoma. Individuais who have intellectual disabilities and developmental disabilities (IDDD) exhibit H. pylori gastric infection at approximately twice the rate of the general population and have recurrences after triple drug treatment at a rate nearly seven times that of the general population. Gastrointestinal malignancy is reported to account for almost 50% of all cancer deaths in this population. Oral‐oral and fecal‐oral routes are theorized to be the primary modes of transmission for the ingestion of the bacterium.Maladaptive behaviors exhibited by individuals who have IDDD can be considered risk factors for H. pylori infection since H. pylori has been cultivated from vomitus, saliva, and feces. The purpose of this paper is to review information regarding Helicobacter pylori infection in persons with IDDD and highlight the significance of oral infection.
Severe tongue injury in an adolescent with epilepsy: A case report
Authors: Cerqueira Daniella Ferraz , Vieira áurea Simone Barrôso , Maia Lucianne Copie , Sweet Eric 
Published: March 2008

ABSTRACTEpilepsy and other neurological disorders can have profound social, physical and psychological consequences, especially when they begin in childhood. Moreover, seizure episodes may cause fractures, burns, head injuries and oral injuries. This report presents a case history of an adolescent with a severe tongue injury related to epileptic seizures and outlines the proposed treat‐ment, which included use of a maxillary silicone bite guard that allowed healing of the tongue injury within a few months.
Oral conditions of 1,049 patients referred to a university‐based oral medicine and orofacial pain center
Authors: Suarez Piedad , DDS Glenn Clark 
Published: March 2008

ARRTRACTAt the USC Orofacial Pain/Oral Medicine Center, 1,049 new patients seen from September 2003 to September 2005 were sorted according to their primary diagnosis. Two‐thirds were female and 19.7% were over 64 years of age. The most prevalent diseases were categorized and compared with a similar study published 15 years ago. The seven categories included osseous disease (3.3%), mucogingival disease (17.8%), salivary/lymphatic disease (3.3%), TMD (46.3%); neuropathic pain/headache disorders (13.1%), motor/sleep disorders (9.1%), and miscellaneous (not included in above categories) (7.1 %). The 35 most frequent diagnoses were sorted by the mean age of our patients and the male‐female ratio was also determined. The oldest patients had burning mouth syndrome (68.1 ± 14.7) and the youngest had internal derangements of the temporo‐mandibular joints (27.9±14.0). These data could be used to provide information on the scope of oral medicine practice, to help practitioners create age‐appropriate differential diagnoses, and to help dental school curriculum committees and graduate program directors assess their curricula to ensure they are including the full range of oral conditions in their programs.
Bilateral fracture of the mandible in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Case report
Authors: Wright Graeme W. , Wiesenfeld David , Seymour John F. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe development of osteolytic bone lesions in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is extremely rare and has not been reported to involve the mandible. A case of bilateral pathologic fracture of the mandible extensively involved with multiple bony deposits of CLL is reported.
Obstructive sleep apnoea: The role of the oral and maxillofacial surgeon
Authors: Dimitroulis George 
Published: March 2008

AbstractObstructive sleep apnoea is a relatively common sleep disorder that is popularly associated with snoring and excessive daytime sleepiness. It is a disorder with serious implications that has only in the last two decades received the attention of clinical specialists. The aim of this article is to review the role of the dental profession in the recognition and management of this disorder.
Apexification: Case report
Authors: Parashos Peter 
Published: March 2008

AbstractApexification is a process/procedure well recognized and accepted by clinicians and researchers alike. Calcium hydroxide is most commonly used to induce an apical hard tissue barrier which may be composed of different tissues but its mechanism of action is still unknown. The epithelial cell rests of Malassez have been implicated in apexification although case reports exist which apparently dispute this. The following case report demonstrates an unusual case of apexification following root filling, surgery and retreatment where the role of the epithelial cell rests of Malassez is discussed.
Factors influencing long‐term restoration survival in three private dental practices in Adelaide
Authors: Hawthorne W. S. , Smales R. J. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractVery little is known of dentist and patient factors which may influence the survival or longevity of dental restorative materials placed in private practices. The present retrospective study investigated during 1992 the effects of six factors on the long‐term survivals of five types of restorations placed by 20 male dentists in 100 adult patients, at 3 selected Adelaide dental practices. There were no significant effects on restoration survival from change of dentist, and generally only one or two types of restorations had their survivals influenced significantly either by dental practice location, or by patient age, frequency of patient attendance, experience of dentist, and whether or not the restorations were replacements during the study period. Restoration survival was not influenced significantly by whether, or not, any replacements were made by the dentist who placed the initial restorations. The median survival times for amalgams were 22.52 years, resin composites 16.72 years, castings 13.75 years, and crowns an estimated 26 years. For glass‐ionomers, 75 per cent were still present at 11.25 years.
Bacteraemia caused by periodontal probing
Authors: Daly Chris , Mitchell David , Grossberg David , Highfield John , Stewart Douglas 
Published: March 2008

AbstractBacteraemia of oral origin may result in infective endocarditis in susceptible individuals. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate the occurrence of bacteraemia due to periodontal probing. Thirty patients (15 male, 15 female; mean age 42.7 years) with untreated periodontitis were investigated. All were free of significant medical disorders and none had taken antibiotics in the previous month. Prior to and immediately following periodontal probing, 20 mL of venous blood were obtained from each patient and inoculated into aerobic and anaerobic blood culture bottles and incubated. Negative bottles were monitored continuously for three weeks before being discarded. Periodontal probing consisted of measuring pockets at six points around each tooth and recording the presence or absence of bleeding. A positive bacteraemia was recorded for three of the patients prior to probing. One patient exhibited Prevotella species whilst two exhibited skin commensals. Following probing, 13 patients (43 per cent) exhibited bacteraemia of oral origin. Viridans streptococci were the most common isolates (45 per cent). No significant correlations were found between bacteraemia and the severity of periodontitis or extent of bleeding on probing. The results indicate that periodontal probing can cause bacteraemia in patients with periodontitis. It would be advisable for patients considered at risk of developing infective endocarditis to receive antibiotic prophylaxis for periodontal probing if they have radiographic evidence of periodontitis.
Prior fluoridation in childhood affects dental caries and tooth wear in a South East Queensland population
Authors: Teo C. , Young W. G. , Daley T. J. , Sauer H. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractFluoride exposure in early life has an effect on dental caries experience, but does it affect tooth wear in later life? Ninety‐six South East Queensland subjects were studied. Their histories revealed three groups; a fluoride (F‐) in water supply, a F‐ by supplement, and a non‐fluoridated (non F‐) group. Significantly higher caries experience was found in the non‐F‐ group compared with F‐ in water group and the F‐ supplement group. No statistically significant difference in caries experience was found between the F‐ in water and F‐ supplement groups. Overall, tooth wear affected more sextants of the dentitions of non‐fluoridated, high‐caries subjects than of fluoridated low‐caries subjects. Comparisons of wear patterns on sextants of the dentitions, between the fluoridated and nonfluoridated groups, revealed that in sextants where attrition was present no marked differences were discernible between the two groups. However, in most sextants where incisal, palatal, occlusal or non‐occlusal erosion was found, this type of wear was commoner in non‐fluoridated subjects. The exceptions were the mandibular molar sextants, where prior fluoride‐exposure did not appear to protect against occlusal erosion patterns. This study showed that fluoride exposure during the first 12 years of life, which reduced dental caries in this population, may also protect teeth from wear to some extent.
Comparison of different methods of temporomandibular joint disc reconstruction ‐ An animal model
Authors: Ogi Nobumi , Ishimaru Jun‐Ichi , Kurita Kenichi , Handa Yujiro , Jones Robert H. B. , Goss Alastair N. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe optimum method of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) reconstruction has not been defined despite numerous surgical treatments and several well controlled clinical trials. Animal models offer an experimental method allowing direct comparison of standardized surgical techniques. Advanced osteoarthrosis was induced bilaterally in 12 mature merino sheep. Three months later unilateral surgical reconstruction was performed. Four sheep had discectomy alone, four discectomy with fresh TMJ disc grafts, and four discectomy with fresh auricular grafts. All three surgical methods resulted in some reversal and repair of the osteoarthritic process, with the best result being from the auricular graft, next discectomy alone, next the disc graft, with the untreated osteoarthritic joint showing the most advanced pathosis. This study supports the role of surgical reconstruction in advanced degenerative disease of the temporomandibular joint, in particular, auricular graft reconstruction.
An improved mouthguard material
Authors: Westerman Bill , Stringfellow P. M. , Eccleston J. A. 
Published: March 2008

Abstracta modified mouthguard material which reduces transmitted forces is described. Tests showed that the inclusion of air cells in a 4 mm thick polyvinylacetate‐polyethylene (EVA) copolymer reduced the effects of impacts of less than 10 KN when compared with a material of the same EVA composition and thickness. The EVA copolymer with air‐inclusions is suitable for the construction of stock, mouth‐formed and vacuum‐formed mouthguards. The improved elastic properties of the modified mouthguard material properties of the modified mouthguard material reduced transmitted forces by 32 per cent when copared with traditional EVA mouthguard polymers of the same thickness.
Trends in postgraduated education in general dentistry
Authors: Kittipibul Photjana , Godfrey Keith 
Published: March 2008

AbstractThe explosion of knowledge coupled with a more diversified society have led to a new set of demands on dentists. For more than 20 years, dental educators and the profession have been concerned about the pressure on the university to ensure that every new graduate is full competent to enter a dental practice independently and successfully. This paper reviews some of the innovations which are being employed to attempt to deal with these concerns. There is no one formula that can answer these concerns. Postgraduate training in general dentistry is becoming more widespread and may need further investigation. The main focus of this paper is on trends in formal advanced postgraduate training in general dentistry.
Orofacial granulomatosis: A diagnostic problem for the unwary and a management dilemma. Case reports
Authors: Clayden Arabelle M. , Bleys Caroline M. , Jones Sandra F. , Saage Neil W. , Aldred Michael J. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractOrofacial granulomatosis is a condition that may be difficult to diagnose for those unfamiliar with the entity. This paper describes two cases and addresses the presentation, pathogenesis and treatment. The clinical recognition of this condition is important as is the subsequent investigation by an appropriate specialist. Management of patients needs to take into account the results of further investigations, the patient's expectations, and the severity of the condition.
The current status of low level laser therapy in dentistry, Part 1. Soft tissue applications
Authors: Walsh L. J. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractDespite more than 30 years of experience with low level laser therapy (LLLT) or ‘biostimulation’ in dentistry, concerns remain as to its effectiveness as a treatment modality. Controlled clinical studies have demonstrated that while LLLT is effective for some specific applications, it is not a panacea. This paper provides an outline of the biological basis of LLLT and summarizes the findings of controlled clinical studies of the use of LLLT for specific soft tissue applications in dentistry. Areas of controversy where there is a pressing need for further research are identified.
Public perception of cross‐infection control in dentistry
Authors: Thomson W. Murray , Stewart Judith F. , Carter Knute D. , Spencer A. John 
Published: March 2008

AbstractSince the advent of HIV/AIDS at the beginning of the 1980s, concern has generated considerable impetus for change in cross‐infection control procedures in dentistry. This process has been hastened partly by media coverage which, in tending to favour sensation over rational discourse, has played a not inconsiderable role in shaping public uderstanding and expectations. This study aimed to investigate public perceptions of cross‐infection control in dentistry in Australia using a postal follow‐up to the 1995 National Dental Telephone rate was 85.2 per cent. Concerns about the procedures used by their dentist to sterilize instruments were reported by 13.3 per cent of respondents overall, and this was greater among non‐health‐card‐holders, individuals who mainly spoke a language other than English in the home, and those who reported a non‐routine dental visiting pattern. Avoidance or delaying of dental visits due to the perceived cross‐infection risk was reported by an overall 3.6 per cent of people, and this was higher among females and those who expressed concern about cross‐infection control. The profession has a responsibility to ensure that information on the measures which have been taken to reduce the risk of cross‐infection in dentisry is disseminated as widely and as clearly as possible so that undue public concern and avoidance of dental care are minimized.
Lower lip paraesthesia following restoration of a second premolar tooth. Case report
Authors: Abbott Paul V. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA forty year old female patient developed paraesthesia of the right side of her lower lip following the placement of an extensive pin‐retained amalgam restoration in her lower right second premolar tooth. Radiographs indicated that the mental foramen was close to the apex of this tooth and it was assumed that postoperative pulpitis and periapical inflammation had caused the paraesthesia through the effects of pressure on the mental nerve. The paraesthesia resolved following endodontic treatment of the lower second premolar tooth and the patient has had no further signs or symtoms.
Trans‐antral temporalis transfer for the repair of adult cleft palates
Authors: Arvier John F. , Molla Motiur R. , Fitzpatrick Barry , Shaheed S. M. Iqbal , Lanza Kerry 
Published: March 2008

AbstractTemporalis muscle transfer is a versatile technique frequetly used for reconstructive procedures in the maxillofacial region. However the thickness of the pedicle may interfere with masticatory function when used anteriorly in the oral cavity. To repair full‐length mid‐palatal defects in fully dentate patients the flap can be passed through the maxillary sinus and combined with local repair of the soft palate, thus avoiding any occlusal trauma from the posterior teeth.The operation is a single stage procedure with low morbidity and few complications, and is a useful technique for repairing the large untreated clefts frequently encountered in developing countries. The procedure is used by members of the Australian and New Zealand Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons Bangladesh Project who have operated in Dhaka teaching hospitals on a regular basis since 1991.
Adenomatoid odontogenic tumour (adenoameloblastoma). Case report and review of the literature
Authors: Dayi Ertunç , Gürbüz Gelengül , Bilge O. Murat , Çiftcio&gcarlu M. Akif 
Published: March 2008

AbstractAn adenomatoid tumour was found in the anterior maxillary region of a 15 year old female patient. Two impacted teeth were found in the tumour. The lateral incisor found in the tumour was dilacerated, and the roots of the first premolar were resorbed. A review of the English literature indicated that 294 similar cases have been reported.
Wine tasting and dental erosion. Case report
Authors: Gray A. , Ferguson M. M. , Wall J. G. 
Published: March 2008

AbstractA case of widespread dental erosion is reported in an individual who had worked in the wine industry for ten years. This occupation involved daily tasting of at least 20 wines, but often more. The erosion manifested as dental sensitivity with there being cervical erosion, occlusal pitting, and loss of enamel around restorations.The effect of immersing unerupted human teeth in white wine (pH 3.3) was examined with the scanning electron microscope, where marked surface changes had occurred after 24 hours of exposure