bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Assessing the impact of isochoric freezing as a preservation method on the quality attributes of orange juice
Authors: Atci Sumeyye , McGraw Valerie S. , Takeoka Gary , Vu Vivian C. H. , McHugh Tara , Rubinsky Boris , Bilbao‐Sainz Cristina 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIsochoric (constant volume) freezing is a novel food preservation technology that has demonstrated the ability to preserve food products at subfreezing temperatures in an unfrozen state, thereby avoiding the detrimental effects of ice formation. It minimizes the quality loss of fresh fruits and juices, increases their nutrient content, and reduces microbial counts. Orange juice (OJ) samples were subjected to conventional freezing (CF) and isochoric freezing (IF) for 7 days and then stored at 4°C for an additional 7 days. We evaluated the microbiological and physicochemical quality of CF and IF OJ before and after storage. The IF was performed at three different conditions: −5°C/73 MPa, −10°C/93 MPa, and −15°C/143 MPa. The results indicate that the total aerobic count of OJ remained below the detection limit after heat treatment, 7 days of CF and 7 days of IF. Yeast and mold counts increased in fresh and CF OJ after 7 days of storage at 4°C, whereas IF OJ remained below the detection limit. Less color difference was observed in IF (−15°C/143 MPa) OJ compared to heat‐treated and CF OJ. Heat treatment inactivated 42% of pectin methylesterase (PME), whereas 7‐day long IF increased PME activity up to 150%. Additionally, IF (−15°C/143 MPa) OJ showed reduced pulp sedimentation, which can be advantageous, as sedimentation in juices has been a recognized technological issue in the juice industry. Ascorbic acid level was significantly higher in IF (−15°C/143 MPa) OJ compared to fresh and CF OJ after storage.
Local governance networks as public authority: Insights from Mozambique, Myanmar and Pakistan
Authors: Joshi Anuradha , Anderson Colin , Barnes Katrina , Chaimite Egidio , Loureiro Miguel , Shankland Alex 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDrawing upon ‘governance diaries,’ a method which used repeated interviews with a set of households and intermediaries in three countries—Mozambique, Myanmar and Pakistan—to understand how marginalised groups meet their daily governance needs, we argue that local governance networks constitute a form of public authority. The networks we examine encompass a range of local actors (state and non‐state), who help develop and enforce rules and ensure social coordination. We highlight the role of intermediaries who constitute the first point of contact for people seeking to resolve various issues. We show how these intermediaries and their networks are specific to each context, not just at a national level, but down to a granular local level. Decision‐making and the exercise of power moves around within the networks, blurring formal/informal boundaries. We conclude that in these contexts of fragility, public authority is embedded in and exercised through local governance networks.
Epigenetic age oscillates during the day
Authors: Koncevičius Karolis , Nair Akhil , Šveikauskaitė Aušrinė , Šeštokaitė Agnė , Kazlauskaitė Auksė , Dulskas Audrius , Petronis Artūras 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSince their introduction, epigenetic clocks have been extensively used in aging, human disease, and rejuvenation studies. In this article, we report an intriguing pattern: epigenetic age predictions display a 24‐h periodicity. We tested a circadian blood sample collection using 17 epigenetic clocks addressing different aspects of aging. Thirteen clocks exhibited significant oscillations with the youngest and oldest age estimates around midnight and noon, respectively. In addition, daily oscillations were consistent with the changes of epigenetic age across different times of day observed in an independant populational dataset. While these oscillations can in part be attributed to variations in white blood cell type composition, cell count correction methods might not fully resolve the issue. Furthermore, some epigenetic clocks exhibited 24‐h periodicity even in the purified fraction of neutrophils pointing at plausible contributions of intracellular epigenomic oscillations. Evidence for circadian variation in epigenetic clocks emphasizes the importance of the time‐of‐day for obtaining accurate estimates of epigenetic age.
STAT5 phosphorylation plus minimal residual disease defines a novel risk classification in adult B‐cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
Authors: Xu Xiuli , Huang Zicong , Ding Chenhao , Deng Shiyu , Ou Jiawang , Cai Zihong , Zhou Yang , Liang Haimei , Chen Junjie , Wang ZhiXiang , Liu Xiaoli , Xuan Li , Liu Qifa , Zheng Zhongxin , Li Zhen , Zhou Hongsheng 
Published: April 2024

SummaryThe dysregulation of the Janus family tyrosine kinase‐signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK‐STAT) is closely related to acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL), whereas the clinical value of phosphorylated STAT5 (pSTAT5) remains elusive. Herein we performed a prospective study on clinical significance of flow cytometry‐based pSTAT5 in adult B‐ALL patients. A total of 184 patients were enrolled in the Precision‐Classification‐Directed‐Target‐Total‐Therapy (PDT)‐ALL‐2016 cohort between January 2018 and December 2021, and STAT5 phosphorylation was detected by flow cytometry at diagnosis. Based on flow‐pSTAT5, the population was classified into pSTAT5low (113/184, 61.1%) and pSTAT5high (71/184, 38.9%). Overall survival (OS) and event‐free survival (EFS) were inferior in pSTAT5high patients than in those with pSTAT5low (OS, 44.8% vs. 65.2%, p = 0.004; EFS, 23.5% vs. 52.1%, p < 0.001), which was further confirmed in an external validation cohort. Furthermore, pSTAT5 plus flow‐based minimal residual disease (MRD) postinduction defines a novel risk classification as being high risk (HR, pSTAT5high + MRD+), standard risk (SR, pSTAT5low + MRD−) and others as moderate‐risk group. Three identified patient subgroups are distinguishable with disparate survival curves (3‐year OS rates, 36.5%, 56.7% and 76.3%, p < 0.001), which was confirmed on multivariate analysis (hazard ratio 3.53, p = 0.003). Collectively, our study proposed a novel, simple and flow‐based risk classification by integrating pSTAT5 and MRD in favour of risk‐guided treatment for B‐ALL.
Time to say goodbye? The impact of environmental regulation on foreign divestment
Authors: Mao Haiou , Görg Holger , Fang Guopei 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWe look at divestments by foreign firms—a topic that has received comparatively little attention in the literature—and investigate how changes in the regulatory environment in the host country may impact on such divestment decisions. We use the implementation of China's two control zones (TCZ) policy as a “quasi‐natural experiment,” using detailed firm‐level combined with city‐level data for the empirical analysis. Our results show that the implementation of the TCZ policy has led to higher probabilities of divestments by foreign firms in cities and industries targeted by the TCZ policy. The mechanism behind this seems to be a TCZ‐induced increase in discharge fees and efforts to reduce SO2 emissions. Allowing for heterogeneity of effects, we find that the effect is particularly strong for firms from source countries with less stringent environmental regulation and those using less advanced technology. We also show that firms using intermediates from polluting industries also experience a higher probability of divestment.
Increased SERPINB2 potentiates 15LO1 expression via STAT6 signalling in epithelial cells in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
Authors: Luo Chunyu , Zhu Ying , Zhang Shiyao , Zhou Jiayao , Mao Song , Tang Ru , Gu Yuelong , Tan Shaolin , Lin Hai , Li Zhipeng , Zhang Weitian 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundSERPINB2, a biomarker of Type‐2 (T2) inflammatory processes, has been described in the context of asthma. Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is also correlated with T2 inflammation and elevated 15LO1 induced by IL‐4/13 in nasal epithelial cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression and location of SERPINB2 in nasal epithelial cells (NECs) and determine whether SERPINB2 regulates 15LO1 and downstream T2 markers in NECs via STAT6 signalling.MethodsSERPINB2 gene expression in bulk and single‐cell RNAseq database was analysed by bioinformatics analysis. SERPINB2, 15LO1 and other T2 markers were evaluated from CRSwNP and HCs NECs. The colocalization of SERPINB2 and 15LO1 was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Fresh NECs were cultured at an air‐liquid interface with or without IL‐13, SERPINB2 Dicer‐substrate short interfering RNAs (DsiRNAs) transfection, exogenous SERPINB2, 15‐HETE recombinant protein and pSTAT6 inhibitors. 15LO1, 15‐HETE and downstream T2 markers were analysed by qRT‐PCR, western blot and ELISA.ResultsSERPINB2 expression was increased in eosinophilic nasal polyps compared with that in noneosinophilic nasal polyps and control tissues and positively correlated with 15LO1 and other downstream T2 markers. SERPINB2 was predominantly expressed by epithelial cells in NP tissue and was colocalized with 15LO1. In primary NECs in vitro, SERPINB2 expression was induced by IL‐13. Knockdown or overexpression SERPINB2 decreased or enhanced expression of 15LO1 and 15‐HETE in NECs, respectively, in a STAT6‐dependent manner. SERPINB2 siRNA also inhibited the expression of the 15LO1 downstream genes, such as CCL26, POSTN and NOS2. STAT6 inhibition similarly decreased SERPINB2‐induced 15LO1.ConclusionsSERPINB2 is increased in NP epithelial cells of eosinophilic CRSwNP (eCRSwNP) and contributes to T2 inflammation via STAT6 signalling. SERPINB2 could be considered a novel therapeutic target for eCRSwNP.
Modeling the risk of aquatic species invasion spread through boater movements and river connections
Authors: Kinsley Amy C. , Kao Szu‐Yu Zoe , Enns Eva A. , Escobar Luis E. , Qiao Huijie , Snellgrove Nicholas , Muellner Ulirich , Muellner Petra , Muthukrishnan Ranjan , Craft Meggan E. , Larkin Daniel J. , Phelps Nicholas B. D. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAquatic invasive species (AIS) are one of the greatest threats to the functioning of aquatic ecosystems worldwide. Once an invasive species has been introduced to a new region, many governments develop management strategies to reduce further spread. Nevertheless, managing AIS in a new region is challenging because of the vast areas that need protection and limited resources. Spatial heterogeneity in invasion risk is driven by environmental suitability and propagule pressure, which can be used to prioritize locations for surveillance and intervention activities. To better understand invasion risk across aquatic landscapes, we developed a simulation model to estimate the likelihood of a waterbody becoming invaded with an AIS. The model included waterbodies connected via a multilayer network that included boater movements and hydrological connections. In a case study of Minnesota, we used zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) and starry stonewort (Nitellopsis obtusa) as model species. We simulated the impacts of management scenarios developed by stakeholders and created a decision‐support tool available through an online application provided as part of the AIS Explorer dashboard. Our baseline model revealed that 89% of new zebra mussel invasions and 84% of new starry stonewort invasions occurred through boater movements, establishing it as a primary pathway of spread and offering insights beyond risk estimates generated by traditional environmental suitability models alone. Our results highlight the critical role of interventions applied to boater movements to reduce AIS dispersal.
Exploring the immunological relevance of pre‐transplant donor‐specific antibody in intestinal transplantation, with special consideration to the liver
Authors: McArdle Rhea , Cope Rebecca , Chaudhry Afzal , Sharkey Lisa , Peacock Sarah 
Published: April 2024

AbstractDespite recent advances that have improved outcomes following intestinal transplantation (ITx), achieving long‐term patient survival and rejection‐free survival is still challenging. Understanding the relevance of pre‐transplant human leukocyte antigen (HLA) donor‐specific antibody (DSA) in ITx and the immunomodulatory potential of the liver within the allograft is crucial to providing an accurate assessment of pre‐transplant immunological risk, which could influence and improve post‐transplant outcomes further. This was the primary objective of this retrospective study of 95 adult ITx transplants which took place at Cambridge University Hospitals (United Kingdom) between 2007 and 2019. Two novel programs were developed and validated to identify DSA (tested by Luminex single antigen beads) in this dataset. Data analysis utilised Kaplan–Meier survival methods, and statistical analysis was performed using log‐rank tests and adjusted Cox models. Fifty‐four (57%) ITx cases contained a liver, and 36 (38%) were sensitised to HLA. Pre‐transplant DSA > 500 mean fluorescent intensity appeared to negatively affect post‐ITx patient survival and rejection outcomes. Additionally, liver‐inclusive allografts seemed to show particular resistance to HLA class I DSA. Our data hints towards consistency with other ITx studies where deleterious effects of DSA have been demonstrated, and where liver inclusion is protective from HLA class I DSA. This is in line with current national guidelines for immunological risk. Our publicly available research programs could support future large or multicentre studies where statistically relevant data might be gained.
Pleistocene glaciation advances the cryptic speciation of Stellera chamaejasme L. in a major biodiversity hotspot
Authors: Rana Santosh Kumar , Rana Hum Kala , Landis Jacob B. , Kuang Tianhui , Chen Juntong , Wang Hengchang , Deng Tao , Davis Charles C. , Sun Hang 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACTThe mountains of Southwest China comprise a significant large mountain range and biodiversity hotspot imperiled by global climate change. The high species diversity in this mountain system has long been attributed to a complex set of factors, and recent large‐scale macroevolutionary investigations have placed a broad timeline on plant diversification that stretches from 10 million years ago (Mya) to the present. Despite our increasing understanding of the temporal mode of speciation, finer‐scale population‐level investigations are lacking to better refine these temporal trends and illuminate the abiotic and biotic influences of cryptic speciation. This is largely due to the dearth of organismal sampling among closely related species and populations, spanning the incredible size and topological heterogeneity of this region. Our study dives into these evolutionary dynamics of speciation using genomic and eco‐morphological data of Stellera chamaejasme L. We identified four previously unrecognized cryptic species having indistinct morphological traits and large metapopulation of evolving lineages, suggesting a more recent diversification (~2.67–0.90 Mya), largely influenced by Pleistocene glaciation and biotic factors. These factors likely influenced allopatric speciation and advocated cyclical warming–cooling episodes along elevational gradients during the Pleistocene. The study refines the evolutionary timeline to be much younger than previously implicated and raises the concern that projected future warming may influence the alpine species diversity, necessitating increased conservation efforts.
Comprehensive mapping of saliva by multiomics in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome
Authors: Ye Qing , Liu Huihui , Meng Hanyan , Wang Dongjie , Zhang Jiayu , Zhu Shifan , Mao Jianhua 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAimSaliva can reflect an individual's physiological status or susceptibility to systemic disease. However, little attention has been given to salivary analysis in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). We aimed to perform a comprehensive analysis of saliva from INS children.MethodsA total of 18 children (9 children with INS and 9 normal controls) were recruited. Saliva was collected from each INS patient in the acute and remission phases. 16S rRNA gene sequencing, widely targeted metabolomics, and 4D‐DIA proteomics were performed.ResultsActinobacteria and Firmicutes were significantly enriched in the pretreatment group compared with the normal control group, while Bacteroidota and Proteobacteria were significantly decreased. A total of 146 metabolites were identified as significantly different between INS children before treatment and normal controls, which covers 17 of 23 categories. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed three significantly enriched pathways, including ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and terpenoid backbone biosynthesis (P < 0.05). A total of 389 differentially expressed proteins were selected between INS children before treatment and normal controls. According to the KEGG and GO enrichment analyses of the KOGs, abnormal ribosome structure and function and humoral immune disorders were the most prominent differences between INS patients and normal controls in the proteomic analysis.ConclusionOral microbiota dysbiosis may modulate the metabolic profile of saliva in children with INS. It is hypothesized that children with INS might have “abnormal ribosome structure and function” and “humoral immune disorders”.
A call for theory‐inspired analysis in qualitative research: Ways to construct different truths in and about healthcare
Authors: Glasdam Stinne , Xu Hongxuan , Gulestø Ragnhild J. A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOver the last 50 years, there has been significant development of qualitative research and related methods in healthcare. Theoretical frameworks support researchers in selecting appropriate research approaches, procedures and analytical tools. However, the implications of the choice of theory are sparsely elucidated. Based on a text excerpt from a public debate article, the study aimed to show how different theory‐inspired analytical perspectives produced varied understandings of the same text. The study presented three subanalyses inspired by Bourdieu's sociological theory, Lazarus and Folkman's psychological theory and utilitarian ethics, respectively. The analyses showed that by using different theoretical analytical perspectives in inductive processes, an immediate interpretation of the text was not obvious. It became possible to spot the underlying meta‐theoretical assumptions, as the interpretations were not taken for granted or indisputable. Our analyses suggest that different theoretical lenses lead to different interpretations of the same empirical material, recognising the existence of multiple truths or realities. Thus, utilising a theoretical perspective in inductive analyses can enhance transparency and rigour because the analytical optics are made explicit to the reader. This allows the reader to follow the analysis processes and comprehend from which theoretical starting point a truth arises.
The influence of COVID‐19 on temporo‐mandibular disorders
Authors: Ramishvili Marika , Gobadze Gia , Menabde Giorgi , Zurmukhtashvili Marika , Dugashvili Giorgi , Marks Luc 
Published: April 2024

AbstractTemporomandibular disorders are multi‐factorial conditions affected by psychological, biomechanical, and neuromuscular factors. Stress and anxiety experienced during the pandemic are capable of influencing and aggravating temporomandibular disorders and orofacial pain. The study aimed to analyze whether the coronavirus infection can directly affect these diseases. All participants were asked to complete the Pain Screener and Patients Health Questionnaire and were assigned to Group I: healthy participants and Group 2: participants with existing complaints. In group II participants filled the questionnaires twice the Temporomandibular Disorders Symptom Questionnaire and Graded Chronic Pain Scale. The first time to self‐report the severity of chronic pain before COVID‐19 (T1 timeline) and the second time‐ to self‐report the level of pain after COVID‐19 infection (T2 timeline). Totally 150 participants were included in the study. In group II the difference between T1 and T2 timeline was significant for the level of average pain (p = 0.022) and highest facial pain (p = 0.043); Difference in level of interference of daily activities (p > 0.05), recreational activities (p > 0.05) and ability to work (p > 0.05) was statistically not significant. Graded chronic pain status was the same “Grade I” for T1 and T2 timeline. There was no statistically significant difference in stress level between group I and II.
Brauer–Manin obstructions requiring arbitrarily many Brauer classes
Authors: Berg Jennifer , Pagano Carlo , Poonen Bjorn , Stoll Michael , Triantafillou Nicholas , Viray Bianca , Vogt Isabel 
Published: April 2024

AbstractOn a projective variety defined over a global field, any Brauer–Manin obstruction to the existence of rational points is captured by a finite subgroup of the Brauer group. We show that this subgroup can require arbitrarily many generators.
On a conjecture of Graham on the p$p$‐divisibility of central binomial coefficients
Authors: Croot Ernie , Mousavi Hamed , Schmidt Maxie 
Published: April 2024

AbstractLet be pairwise distinct primes. From a theorem of Kummer, each prime can divide at most times. We show that, for all , if are sufficiently large in terms of and , then there exist infinitely many positive integers such that each divides at most times. We connect this result to a famous conjecture by Graham on whether there are infinitely many integers such that is coprime to 105.