bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension in dogs: 33 cases (1982–1998)
Authors: Bunch Susan E. , Johnson Susan E. , Cullen John M. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjective—To describe clinical signs, diagnostic findings, and outcome in dogs with idiopathic intrahepatic portal hypertension.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—33 dogs.Procedure—Medical records of dogs with portal hypertension of intra-abdominal origin were reviewed. Dogs with intra-abdominal portal hypertension of vascular causes or with hepatic histopathologic changes consistent with severe diffuse hepatobiliary disease were excluded. History and results of physical examination, clinicopathologic tests, diagnostic imaging studies, histologic examination, and treatment were summarized. Outcome was determined in 26 dogs.Results—Dogs were referred most often because of ascites, intermittent vomiting or diarrhea, and polydipsia of several months' duration. Microcytosis, high serum alkaline phosphatase and alanine transaminase activities, hepatic dysfunction, urine specific gravity ≤ 1.021, and abdominal transudate were the predominant clinicopathologic features. Microhepatia, abdominal effusion, and multiple anomalous venous anastomoses were the major findings of diagnostic imaging. Hepatic histopathologic changes were consistent with idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension and were indistinguishable from those of dogs with surgically created portocaval anastomosis. Outcome was determined for 19 dogs released from hospital; 13 dogs remained healthy with mostly palliative treatment for periods of 5 months to 9 years.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—The clinical signs, clinicopathologic test results, portal pressure, and gross appearance of the liver of dogs with idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension may be identical to those of dogs with cirrhosis; therefore liver biopsy is crucial. Because the prognosis for idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension is generally favorable, owners of affected dogs should be discouraged from choosing euthanasia. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2000; 218:392–399)
Effect of oral administration of excessive iron in adult ponies
Authors: Pearson Erwin G. , Andreasen Claire B. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjective—To evaluate the potential of excess dietary iron to cause hepatic lesions similar to those described in horses with suspected iron toxicosis or hemochromatosis.Design—Prospective study.Animals—6 adult male ponies.Procedure—4 ponies received 50 mg of iron/kg (22.7 mg/lb) of body weight each day by oral administration of ferrous sulfate, which contained 20% elemental iron; 2 ponies received only the carrier (applesauce). Complete blood counts, serum biochemical analyses, and hepatic tissue biopsies were performed, and serum iron concentrations were measured. Blood and tissue samples were obtained at days 0 and 2, and at the end of weeks 1, 3, 6, and 8 after administration of iron was initiated. Treatment was discontinued after 8 weeks, and hepatic iron concentrations were measured at 28 weeks.Results—Hepatic iron concentrations, serum iron concentrations, percentage saturation of transferrin, and serum ferritin concentrations were increased, compared with baseline and control concentrations, by week 8. Adverse clinical signs or histologic lesions in the liver were not detected in any ponies. At 28 weeks, hepatic iron concentrations had decreased.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Histologic lesions were not seen in the hepatic biopsy specimens obtained from the ponies treated with ferrous sulfate. It was concluded that it would be unlikely for iron toxicosis to develop in adult ponies or horses during a period of < 8 weeks when food or water contained increased amounts of iron. It is suspected that previous reports of hepatopathies in animals with hemosiderin accumulation may represent a primary hepatopathy with secondary hemosiderin accumulation, especially if the only source of iron is via oral consumption. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2001;218: 400–404)
Association between dietary factors and calcium oxalate and magnesium ammonium phosphate urolithiasis in cats
Authors: Lekcharoensuk Chalermpol , Osborne Carl A. , Lulich Jody P. , Pusoonthornthum Rosama , Kirk Claudia A. , Ulrich Lisa K. , Koehler Lori A. , Carpenter Kathleen A. , Swanson Laurie L. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjective—To identify dietary factors associated with the increase in occurrence of calcium oxalate (CaOx) uroliths and the decrease in occurrence of magnesium ammonium phosphate (MAP) uroliths in cats.Design—Case-control study.Animals—173 cats with CaOx uroliths, 290 cats with MAP uroliths, and 827 cats without any urinary tract diseases.Procedure—Univariate and multivariate logistic regression were performed.Results—Cats fed diets low in sodium or potassium or formulated to maximize urine acidity had an increased risk of developing CaOx uroliths but a decreased risk of developing MAP uroliths. Additionally, compared with the lowest contents, diets with the highest moisture or protein contents and with moderate magnesium, phosphorus, or calcium contents were associated with decreased risk of CaOx urolith formation. In contrast, diets with moderate fat or carbohydrate contents were associated with increased risk of CaOx urolith formation. Diets with the highest magnesium, phosphorus, calcium, chloride, or fiber contents and moderate protein content were associated with increased risk of MAP urolith formation. On the other hand, diets with the highest fat content were associated with decreased risk of MAP urolith formation.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that diets formulated to contain higher protein, sodium, potassium, moisture, calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium contents and with decreased urine acidifying potential may minimize formation of CaOx uroliths in cats. Diets formulated to contain higher fat content and lower protein and potassium contents and with increased urine acidifying potential may minimize formation of MAP uroliths. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2001;219:1228–1237)
Association between cancer chemotherapy and canine distemper virus, canine parvovirus, and rabies virus antibody titers in tumor-bearing dogs
Authors: Henry Carolyn J. , McCaw Dudley L. , Brock Kenny V. , Stoker Aaron M. , Tyler Jeff W. , Tate Deborah J. , Higginbotham Mary Lynn 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine the association between cancer chemotherapy and serum canine distemper virus (CDV), canine parvovirus (CPV), and rabies virus antibody titers in tumor-bearing dogs.Design—Prospective study.Animals—21 client-owned dogs with various malignancies and 16 client-owned dogs with lymphoma.Procedure—In study A, serum antibody titers were measured by use of hemagglutination inhibition (CPV titers) or serum neutralization (CDV titers) before and at least 1 month after initiation of chemotherapy. Baseline values were compared with values obtained from a control population of 122 healthy dogs seen for routine revaccination. Titers were considered protective at ≥ 1:96 for CDV and ≥ 1:80 for CPV.In study B, serum IgG titers were measured by use of immunofluorescent assay (CDV and CPV titers) and rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT, rabies titers) at baseline and again at weeks 5, 8, and 24 of a standard chemotherapy protocol for treatment of lymphoma. An IgG titer of ≥ 1:50 was considered protective for CPV and CDV. An RFFIT titer of ≥ 0.5 U/ml was considered protective for rabies virus.Results—Significant changes were not detected in CDV, CPV, and rabies virus titers following chemotherapy in tumor-bearing dogs.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that established immunity to CDV, CPV, and rabies virus from previous vaccination is not significantly compromised by standard chemotherapy used to treat tumor-bearing dogs. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2001;219:1238–1241)
Comparison of three radiographic methods for diagnosis of hip dysplasia in eight-month-old dogs
Authors: Lust George , Todhunter Rory J. , Erb Hollis N. , Dykes Nathan L. , Williams Alma J. , Burton-Wurster Nancy I. , Farese James P. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjective—To compare the accuracy of the extended- hip radiographic (EHR) score, the distraction index (DI), and the dorsolateral subluxation (DLS) score for identifying hip dysplasia in dogs at 8 months of age.Design—Cohort studyAnimals—129 Labrador Retrievers, Greyhounds, and Labrador Retriever-Greyhound crossbreds.Procedure—Radiography was performed when dogs were 8 months of age. Dogs were euthanatized at 8 to 36 months of age; hip dysplasia was diagnosed at the time of necropsy on the basis of results of a gross examination of the articular cartilage of the hip joints for signs of osteoarthritis.Results—The EHR score, DI, and DLS score at 8 months of age were all significantly correlated with degree of cartilage degeneration at necropsy. Sensitivity and specificity of using EHR score at 8 months of age to diagnose hip dysplasia (scores > 3 were considered abnormal) were 38 and 96%, respectively; sensitivity and specificity of using DI (values > 0.7 were considered abnormal) were 50 and 89%; and sensitivity and specificity of using DLS score (scores ≤ 55% were considered abnormal) were 83 and 84%.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that specificities of the 3 methods for diagnosing hip dysplasia in dogs at 8 months of age were similar. However, the DLS score had higher sensitivity, indicating that there were fewer false-negative results. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2001;219:1242–1246)
Clinical and microbiologic findings in dogs with bronchoscopically diagnosed tracheal collapse: 37 cases (1990–1995)
Authors: Johnson Lynelle R. , Fales William H. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjective—To investigate the role of bacteria in bronchoscopically diagnosed tracheal collapse in dogs by evaluating qualitative results of bacteriologic cultures.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—37 dogs with tracheal collapse.Procedure—Clinical records for dogs with tracheal collapse confirmed with bronchoscopy were reviewed. A protected catheter brush was used to obtain samples for bacteriologic culture from the large airways.Results—Results of bacterial culture were negative for 5 of 29 dogs. For 24 dogs, 1 (n = 10), 2 (6), or ≥ 3 (8) species of bacteria were isolated.Pseudomonasspp were isolated most frequently (17/29), and a singlePseudomonassp grew in 7 samples. Other bacteria includedEnterobacterspp (4/29),Citrobacterspp (3/29), andMoraxellaspp,Klebsiellaspp,Bordetellaspp, orAcinetobacterspp (2/29 dogs each). Anaerobic and aerobic cultures yielded positive results in samples from 2 dogs. Cytologic results were available for 13 dogs with positive results of bacteriologic culture; epithelial cells were reported most commonly. Five samples had a small number of neutrophils; bacteria were identified cytologically in 2 of 5 samples that contained neutrophils. Bacteria were also seen in 2 samples that lacked inflammatory cells.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Bacteria are commonly isolated from samples obtained via airway brushing in dogs with tracheal collapse; however, in the absence of cytologic confirmation of inflammation or infection, an association between bacteria and clinical signs of tracheal collapse cannot be established. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2001;219:1247–1250)
Feeding practices associated with colic in horses
Authors: Hudson Jason M. , Cohen Noah D. , Gibbs Pete G. , Thompson James A. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine whether specific feeding practices were associated with development of colic in horses.Design—Prospective matched case-control study.Animals—364 horses examined by veterinarians in private practice in Texas because of colic (cases; n = 182) or any other reason (controls; 182).Procedure—Participating veterinarians were sent forms at the beginning of the study to collect information on signalment, feeding management practices, farm management practices, and preventive medical treatments. Case and control horses were compared by use of conditional logistic regression to identify factors associated with colic.Results—Risk factors for colic were a recent change in batch of hay, decreased exposure to pasture, a recent change in type of grain or concentrate fed, feeding > 2.7 kg (6 lb) of oats/d, feeding hay from round bales, and Thoroughbred breed. Recent anthelmintic administration decreased the risk of colic.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that certain changes in diet (eg, change in batch of hay, change in type of grain or concentrate, feeding hay from round bales) and management (eg, decreased availability of pasture) increase the risk of colic in horses. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2001;219:1419–1425)
Descriptive epidemiology of postnatal bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in intensively managed dairy heifers
Authors: Rush Donald M. , Thurmond Mark C. , Muñoz-Zanzi Claudia A. , Hietala Sharon K. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjective—To evaluate risk of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) infection between birth and 9 months of age for dairy replacement heifers raised under typical dry-lot management conditions.Design—Longitudinal observational study.Animals—446 calves.Procedure—Calves were randomly selected from 2 dairies that used killed and modified-live BVDV vaccines. Repeated serologic and BVDV polymerase chain reaction assays were used to estimate risk of BVDV infection in calves of various ages (1 to 60 days; 61 to 100 days; 101 days to 9 months) and to estimate overall infection rate by 9 months of age.Results—Risk of BVDV infection increased with age (maximum risk, 150 to 260 days). Proportion of calves infected with BVDV by 9 months of age was higher for dairy A (0.665), compared with dairy B (0.357). Percentage infected with BVDV type I did not differ between dairy A (18.2%) and dairy B (15.2%), whereas percentage infected with BVDV type II for dairy A (50%) was twice that for dairy B (21%). Between 210 and 220 days of age, infection with BVDV regardless of type was > 1.3%/d on dairy A and 0.5%/d on dairy B.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Under drylot conditions, a considerable amount of BVDV infection may occur before 9 months of age. Risk of infection increases with age. Although dairies may appear to have similar management practices, there can be considerably different risks of BVDV infection among dairies. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2001;219:1426–1431)
Serum total thyroxine, total triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, and thyrotropin concentrations in dogs with nonthyroidal disease
Authors: Kantrowitz Lawrence B. , Peterson Mark E. , Melián Carlos , Nichols Rhett 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine whether nonthyroidal disease of various causes and severity is associated with abnormalities in baseline serum concentrations of total thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), free T4, or thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH]) in dogs believed to be euthyroid.Design—Case-control study.Animals—223 dogs with confirmed nonthyroidal diseases and presumptive normal thyroid function, and 150 clinically normal dogs.Procedure—Serum total T4, total T3, free T4, and TSH concentrations were measured in dogs with confirmed nonthyroidal disease. Reference ranges for hormone concentrations were established on the basis of results from 150 clinically normal dogs.Results—In dogs with nonthyroidal disease, median serum concentrations of total T4, total T3, and free T4were significantly lower than those in clinically normal dogs. Median serum TSH concentration in sick dogs was significantly greater than that of clinically normal dogs. When stratified by severity of disease (ie, mild, moderate, and severe), dogs with severe disease had low serum concentrations of total T4, total T3, or free T4more commonly than did dogs with mild disease. In contrast, serum TSH concentrations were more likely to remain within the reference range regardless of severity of disease.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicate that serum total T4, free T4, and total T3concentrations may be low (ie, in the hypothyroid range) in dogs with moderate to severe nonthyroidal disease. Serum TSH concentrations are more likely to remain within the reference range in sick dogs. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2001;219:765–769)
Use of closed-suction drains to treat generalized peritonitis in dogs and cats: 40 cases (1997–1999)
Authors: Mueller Maureen G. , Ludwig Lori L. , Barton Linda J. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine outcome of dogs and cats with generalized peritonitis treated by means of closed-suction drainage.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—30 dogs and 10 cats with generalized peritonitis.Procedure—Medical records were reviewed, and information on signalment, clinicopathologic abnormalities, contamination source, results of microbial culture, surgical procedure performed, postoperative management, complications, and outcome was obtained.Results—The gastrointestinal tract was the most common source of contamination. Abdominal fluid collected from 34 patients at the time of surgery was submitted for bacterial culture; results were positive for 28 (82%). The most commonly isolated organism wasEscherichia coli. Postoperative complications included anemia (n = 21), hypoproteinemia (21), vomiting (9), edema (7), and diarrhea (5). Total solids concentration did not decrease during the first 48 hours after surgery, and all drains remained functional until removal. Twenty-eight patients survived to the time of discharge; 8 of the 12 animals that died did so within 18 hours after surgery. The only factor significantly different between patients that survived and patients that died was postoperative systolic blood pressure. Factors that were not significantly associated with outcome included detection of bacteria in the abdominal fluid, number of organisms cultured from the abdominal fluid, selection of antimicrobials for empiric treatment, and source of contamination.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that closed-suction drainage may be a useful method for treating generalized peritonitis in dogs and cats. No clinically important complications were associated with their use. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2001;219:789–794)
Serum and vitreous humor antibody titers in and isolation of Leptospira interrogans from horses with recurrent uveitis
Authors: Wollanke Bettina , Rohrbach Barton W. , Gerhards Hartmut 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjective—To measure antibody titers againstLeptospira interrogansin serum and vitreous humor and determine the prevalence ofL interrogansin vitreous humor of horses with recurrent uveitis.Design—Cross-sectional study.Animals—242 horses (270 eyes) with recurrent uveitis undergoing vitrectomy and 39 control horses (54 eyes) without any history or clinical signs of recurrent uveitis undergoing euthanasia or enucleation for unrelated reasons.Procedure—Serum and vitreous humor were tested for antibodies against 13 serovars ofL interrogans. Vitreous humor was submitted for leptospiral culture; isolates were typed to the serogroup level.Results—Leptospira interroganswas isolated from vitreous humor from 120/229 (52%) horses (126/252 [50%] eyes) with recurrent uveitis but was not isolated from vitreous humor from 36 eyes of 21 control horses. Duration of recurrent uveitis was ≥ 1 year for 45 of the 120 (38%) horses from which the organism was isolated. Geometric mean antibody titers againstL interrogansin the vitreous humor and serum of horses with recurrent uveitis were 1:1,332 and 1:186, respectively. Only 91 of 120 (76%) horses from which the organism was isolated had a 4-fold or greater difference between serum and vitreous humor antibody titers.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that persistent ocular infection withL interrogansis common in horses with recurrent uveitis. A 4- fold increase in vitreous humor versus serum antibody titers may not be a sensitive test for the diagnosis ofL interrogans-induced recurrent uveitis. We hypothesize that the immune component of recurrent uveitis can be directly induced and maintained by persistent infection of the eye withL interrogans. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2001;219:795–800)
Multilocation trial of ceftiofur for treatment of postpartum cows with fever
Authors: Zhou Chun , Boucher Joseph F. , Dame Kenneth J. , Moreira Modesto , Graham Randy , Nantel Jacques , Zuidhof Sjoert , Arfi Laurent , Flores Rogelio , Neubauer Gary , Olson Jerry 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjective—To evaluate the effect of ceftiofur for treatment of postpartum cows with fever.Design—Multilocation randomized complete block design trial.Animals—330 cows.Procedure—Cows with rectal temperature ≥ 39.5 C (103.1 F) during the first 10 postpartum days were randomly assigned to a treatment (ceftiofur; 1 mg/kg [0.45 mg/lb] of body weight daily for 3 days) or untreated control group. Cure (no additional or alternative antimicrobial treatment used, rectal temperature < 39.5 C, and no other concurrent clinical signs of disease when evaluated at 9 or 10 days after enrollment), milk production, and rectal temperature were evaluated.Results—Ceftiofur-treated cows were significantly more likely to be cured than control cows (56.0 vs 28.9%, respectively), with an odds ratio of 3.14 when vaginal discharge (a factor with moderate interaction with treatment) was present at enrollment. Among cows that had an abnormal calving (a significant interaction factor), treated cows had first milking yield 2.27 kg (5 lb) greater than control cows. Treated cows had a significantly greater reduction in rectal temperature (1.19 C [2.14 F]), compared with control cows (1.04 C [1.87 F]).Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Parenteral administration of ceftiofur significantly improved cure rate, milk yield, and rectal temperature in postpartum cows with fever and vaginal discharge or dystocia. These findings provide information to determine appropriate treatment for postpartum cows, which for years has been debated in the dairy industry. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2001;219:805–808)
Clinical evaluation of dietary modification for treatment of spontaneous chronic renal failure in dogs
Authors: Jacob Frédéric , Polzin David J. , Osborne Carl A. , Allen Timothy A. , Kirk Claudia A. , Neaton James D. , Lekcharoensuk Chalermpol , Swanson Laurie L. 
Published: July 2006

AbstractObjective—To determine whether a diet used for dogs with renal failure (renal food [RF]) was superior to an adult maintenance food (MF) in minimizing uremic crises and mortality rate in dogs with spontaneous chronic renal failure.Design—Double-masked, randomized, controlled clinical trial.Animals—38 dogs with spontaneous chronic renal failure.Procedure—Dogs were randomly assigned to a group fed adult MF or a group fed RF and evaluated for up to 24 months. The 2 groups were of similar clinical, biochemical, and hematologic status. The effects of diets on uremic crises and mortality rate were compared. Changes in renal function were evaluated by use of serial evaluation of serum creatinine concentrations and reciprocal of serum creatinine concentrations.Results—Compared with the MF, the RF had a beneficial effect regarding uremic crises and mortality rate in dogs with mild and moderate renal failure. Dogs fed the RF had a slower decline in renal function, compared with dogs fed the MF.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Dietary modifications are beneficial in minimizing extrarenal manifestations of uremia and mortality rate in dogs with mild and moderate spontaneous chronic renal failure. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that delay in development of uremic crises and associated mortality rate in dogs fed RF was associated, at least in part, with reduction in rate of progression of renal failure. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2002;220: 1163–1170)