bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
POLITIK HUKUM PEMBENTUKAN UNDANG-UNDANG PENANGGULANGAN WABAH PANDEMI DENGAN METODE OMNIBUS LAW
Authors: Mahardika Ahmad Gelora 
Published: March 2024

Pandemi Covid-19 yang sedang melanda dunia telah mengubah seluruh tatanan kehidupan manusia, dengan adanya perubahan tersebut Pemerintah membuat regulasi baru sebagai upaya untuk menanggulangi wabah pandemi covid-19. Tindakan tersebut didasarkan sebagap upaya Pemerintah untuk memberikan kepastian hukum dimasyarakat. Akan tetapi, problematika terkait penanggulangan wabah pandemi semacam Covid-19 yang mana terjadi dihampir seluruh wilayah Indonesia tidak hanya terbatas pada persoalan karantina dan pembatasan sosial, melainkan terkait pula dengan kebijakan ekonomi, ketenagakerjaaan hingga problematika lainnya sebagai dampak yang diakibatkan wabah pandemi Covid-19. Dari berbagai macam peraturan yang tersedia, diketahui banyak peraturan yang tumpang tindih satu sama lain, hal ini tentu saja berdampak terhadap ketidakpastian hukum. Oleh karena itulah penataan regulasi menjadi sesuatu hal yang perlu dilakukan, dibutuhkan pengharmonisasian dari semua regulasi yang mengatur terkait penanggulangan wabah pandemi dengan metode omnibus law. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah metode yuridis normatif. Dimana metode yuridis normatif dilakukan dengan cara menelaah dan menginterpretasikan hal-hal yang bersifat teoritis yang menyangkut asas, konsepsi, doktrin dan norma hukum yang berkaitan dengan omnibus law. Kesimpulan dalam karya tulis ilmiah ini adalah terjadi disharmonisasi norma terkait dengan wabah pandemi sehingga perlu dilakukan harmonisasi melalui metode omnibus law.
KAJIAN YURIDIS MEDIASI PENAL SEBAGAI UPAYA PENYELESAIAN TINDAK PIDANA PENCEMARAN NAMA BAIK MENURUT HUKUM PROGRESIF
Authors: Alviolita Fifink Praiseda 
Published: March 2024

Jaminan hak bagi warga negara untuk menyatakan pendapat, selain diamanatkan di dalam Pancasila sebagai ideologi bangsa Indonesia khususnya sila ke-empat yang dapat dikatakan sebagai landasan dari kebebasan berpendapat, yang secara khusus diatur pada Pasal 28 ayat (3) UUD NRI 1945. Penyampaian kritik dari konsumen kepada pelaku usaha atau produsen kerapkali dikriminalisasi dan justru dilaporkan sebagai tindak pidana pencemaran nama baik. Dasar hukum yang sering didakwakan adalah Pasal 310 KUHP dan Nomor 11 tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik (UU ITE) sebagaimana yang telah diubah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016. Hal tersebut menjadi dasar hukum bagi penyidik untuk menetapkan seorang konsumen menjadi tersangka. Berkaitan dengan hal tersebut Polisi (penyidik) diberi hak untuk melakukan diskresi (discretion), yakni hak untuk tidak memproses hukum sepanjang demi kepentingan moral terlebih dalam hal ini adalah untuk kepetingan publik yang lebih luas. Penggunaan hukum progresif dalam mediasi penal menurut penulis dapat diterapkan pada saat proses penyidikan guna mencapai keadilan substantif di masa yang akan datang.
Effects of a Web-based Weight Management Education Program on Various Factors for Overweight and Obese Women: Randomized Controlled Trial
Authors: Han Yunmin , Sung Hoyong , Kim Geonhui , Ryu Yeun , Yoon Jiyeon , Kim Yeon Soo 
Published: March 2024

Background
Mediated diet and exercise methods yield effective short-term weight loss but are costly and hard to manage. However, web-based programs can serve many participants, offering ease of access and cost-efficiency.

Objective
This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a web-based weight management program through web-based education alone (MINE) or combined with tailored video feedback (MINE Plus) with a control (CO) group.

Methods
This intervention included 60 Korean women with overweight and obesity (BMI≥23 kg/m2) aged 19 years to 39 years old. We randomly allocated 60 participants to each of 3 groups: (1) MINE group (web-based education video and self-monitoring app), (2) MINE Plus group (web-based education video, self-monitoring app, and 1:1 tailored video feedback), and (3) CO group (only self-monitoring app). Web-based education included nutrition, physical activity, psychological factors, medical knowledge for weight loss, goal setting, and cognitive and behavioral strategies. Tailored feedback aimed to motivate and provide solutions via weekly 10-minute real-time video sessions. The intervention lasted 6 weeks, followed by a 6-week observation period to assess the education's lasting effects, with evaluations at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. A generalized linear mixed model was used to evaluate time and group interactions.

Results
In the intention-to-treat analysis including all 60 participants, there were significant differences in weight change at 6 weeks in the MINE and MINE Plus groups, with mean weight changes of –0.74 (SD 1.96) kg (P=.03) and –1.87 (SD 1.8) kg (P<.001), respectively, while no significant change was observed in the CO group, who had a mean weight increase of 0.03 (SD 1.68) kg (P=.91). After 12 weeks, changes in body weight were –1.65 (SD 2.64) kg in the MINE group, –1.59 (SD 2.79) kg in the MINE Plus group, and 0.43 (SD 1.42) kg in the CO group. There was a significant difference between the MINE and MINE Plus groups (P<.001). Significant group × time effects were found for body weight in the MINE and CO groups (P<.001) and in the MINE Plus and CO groups (P<.001), comparing baseline and 12 weeks. Regarding physical activity and psychological factors, only body shape satisfaction and health self-efficacy were associated with improvements in the MINE and MINE Plus groups (P<.001).

Conclusions
This study found that the group receiving education and tailored feedback showed significant weight loss and improvements in several psychological factors, though there were differences in the sustainability of the effects.

Trial Registration
Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency (KDCA) KCT0007780: https://cris.nih.go.kr/cris/search/detailSearch.do/22861
Respuesta inmunoquímica y expresión génica en juveniles de camarón blanco (Litopenaeus vannamei) expuestos a microorganismos aislados del sedimento marino
Authors: Campa-Córdova Ángel I. , Aguirre Guzman Gabriel , Aguirre-Guzmán Gabriel , Méndez-Martínez Yuniel , Medina-Félix Diana , Ceseña Carlos E. , García-Armenta Jocelyne , Valenzuela-Chávez Jesús A. 
Published: March 2024

El uso adecuado de microorganismos aislados del ambiente natural puede mejorar las condiciones de cultivo en los sistemas acuícolas, así como la capacidad de respuesta inmune y antioxidante de los organismos cultivados. En este estudio se analizó la respuesta inmunoquímica y la expresión génica de juveniles de Litopenaeus vannamei al ser expuestos a microorganismos aislados de sedimento marino previa caracterización in vitro por sus propiedades probióticas. Se emplearon dos levaduras y una bacteria por el método de inmersión (48 a 216 h) a una concentración de 1 × 106 UFC.(mL)-1 con los tratamientos siguientes: (1) control sin probióticos; (2) control positivo, inmunoestimulante comercial (laminarina; β-1, 3, glucano); (3) Candida maris, cepa A1; (4) Geotrichum candidum, cepa A3; (5) Curtobacterium sp., cepa S13. Los camarones tratados con microorganismos y con inmunoestimulante comercial mostraron un incremento significativo (P < 0.0500) en el contenido de proteína soluble en hemocitos respecto al grupo control. A las 72 h post-exposición, los tratamientos con G. candidum, Curtobacterium sp. y laminarina mostraron un incremento significativo (P < 0.0500) en la actividad de superóxido dismutasa (SOD) respecto al grupo control. La expresión génica de la enzima SOD mostró incremento significativo (P < 0.0500) en los camarones tratados con los tres microorganismos desde las 48 post-exposición . Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que el uso de tres microorganismos aislados del medio marino tiene la capacidad de estimular el contenido de proteína en hemocitos circulantes, actividad antioxidante y expresión génica en juveniles de L. vannamei.
Ciliates in the plankton of the shallow zone of the Rybinsk Reservoir in spring: long-term changes in the community structure and the contribution of ciliates to the formation of the total biomass of the plankton community
Authors: Копылов А.И. , Мыльникова З.М. , Рыбакова И.В. , Заботкина Е.А. , Cоколова Е.А. 
Published: March 2024

В весеннем (28.04−16.05.2022) планктоне мелководной зоны Рыбинского водохранилища биомасса крупных хищных инфузорий с симбиотическими водорослями была ниже таковой в периоды конец апреля−май 1971 г. и 1977 г. в 5−8 раз, а их доля в общей биомассе инфузорий уменьшилась с 46.5−47.1% до 8.9%. В то же время в планктоне в 1.8−2.0 раза увеличилась биомасса инфузорий-альгофагов, а их доля в ВИНФ возросла с 15.7−24.5% до 44.6%. В апреле−мае 2022 г. инфузории были основным компонентом планктонного сообщества гетеротрофных организмов и вирусов и в планктонной пищевой сети мелководной зоны водохранилища играли ключевую роль в трансформации органического углерода первичных продуцентов и детрита и передаче вещества и энергии на более высокие трофические уровни.
In spring (April 28‒May16, 2022) plankton of the shallow-water zone of the Rybinsk Reservoir, the biomass of large, predatory ciliates with symbiotic algae was 5‒8 times lower than that in the periods of late April‒May of 1971 and 1977, and their share in the total biomass of ciliates (Bcil) decreased from 46.5−47.1% to 8.9%. At the same time, the biomass of algophagous ciliates in the plankton increased by 1.8−2.0 times and their proportion in Bcil – from 15.7−24.5% to 44.6%. In April‒May 2022, ciliates were the main component of the planktonic community of heterotrophic organisms and viruses. In the planktonic food web of the reservoir shallow zone, they played a key role in the transformation of organic carbon of primary producers and detritus to a higher trophic level.
Phytoplankton as an indicator of the ecosystem state of the Kondopoga Bay of Lake Onego under cage trout farming
Authors: Смирнова В.С. , Теканова Е.В. , Калинкина Н.М. 
Published: March 2024

В результате изучения фитопланктона прибрежной и пелагической части Кондопожской губы Онежского озера в районе садковых форелевых хозяйств в 2019 и 2021 гг. выявлены высокие для этого района количественные показатели развития фитопланктона, характеризующие залив как мезо-эвтрофный. Доминантами сообществ по численности являлись диатомеи (до 79%), субдоминантами (до 40%) – цианобактерии и зеленые водоросли. Преобладали индикаторные виды β-мезосапробной зоны, присутствовали полисапробионты. Отмечены потенциально токсичные виды Microcystis aeruginosa (Kütz.) Kütz., Aphanizomenon flos-aquae L. Ralfs., Coelosphaeriumkuetzingianum Näg., Oscillatoria limnetica Lemm. Анализ многолетних изменений фитопланктона показал увеличение количественного развития всех групп фитопланктона, в том числе доминантных видов, в пелагической части губы. Это свидетельствует об эвтрофировании ранее мезотрофного залива вследствие поступления биогенных элементов с отходами форелевых ферм.
Phytoplankton studies in the coastal and pelagic part of the Kondopoga Bay of Lake Onego nearby the cage trout farms (2019, 2021) revealed high quantitative indicators of its development, characterizing the bay as meso-eutrophic. In terms of number, diatoms (up to 79%) were dominant communities, while cyanobacteria and green algae – subdominant (up to 40%). Indicator species of the β-mesosaprobic zone prevailed; polysaprobionts were also present. Potentially toxic species Microcystis aeruginosa (Kütz.) Kütz., Aphanizomenon flos-aquae L. Ralfs., Coelosphaerium kuetzingianum Näg., Oscillatoria limnetica Lemm. were noted. Analysis of long-term dynamics of phytoplankton showed the increasing development of all groups of phytoplankton (including dominant species) in the pelagic part of the bay. This indicates eutrophication of the previously mesotrophic bay due to nutrients supplied with wastes from trout farms.
The state of benthic and planktonic invasive species in adjacent to St. Petersburg waters of the Gulf of Finland in 2018 as against the data for 2014
Authors:  Филиппов А.А. ,  Кокорин А.И. ,  Генельт-Яновская А.С. ,  Полякова Н.В. ,  Старков А.И. ,  Никишина Д.В. ,  Герасимова А.В. 
Published: March 2024

В ходе мониторинга водных сообществ акватории Финского залива, прилегающей к г. Санкт-Петербург, в 2018 году на разных участках было обнаружено от 45 до 57 таксонов зоопланктона и от 23 до 81 таксонов бентоса, в том числе от 0 до 6 чужеродных видов зоопланктона и от 3 до 7 чужеродных видов зообентоса. Проведенные исследования показали, что за период с 2014 по 2018 гг. исходные сообщества зоопланктона и зообентоса на исследованной акватории сохранили относительную стабильность, в то время как состояние популяций видов-вселенцев существенно изменилось. Ареал отдельных планктонных чужеродных видов расширился на восток – на акваторию Невской губы, что могло быть связано с их заносом из Финского залива. Число чужеродных видов в зообентосе в 2018 г. снизилось и составило 10 видов (в 2014 г. – 14 видов). Для некоторых чужеродных видов донных беспозвоночных установлено существенное сокращение ареала или обилия по сравнению с 2014 г.
In 2018, a total of 45–57 zooplankton and 23–81 benthos taxa, as well as 0–6 alien zooplankton and 3–7 invasive zoobenthos species were found in different parts of the water area of the Gulf of Finland adjacent to St. Petersburg. From 2014 to 2018, aboriginal zooplankton and zoobenthos communities in the studied area remained relatively unchanged, while the populations of invasive species changed significantly. The range of some alien planktonic species extended to the east, i.e. to the Neva Bay, which could be due to their transfer from the adjacent areas of the Gulf of Finland. As compared to 2014, in 2018, a smaller number of invasive species in zoobenthos (only 10 species versus 14), as well as a significant reduction in the range or abundance of some invasive benthic species were recorded.
Nesting of the Oriental Turtle Dove Streptopelia orientalis in buildings in Primorsky Krai: the beginning of synanthropization
Authors: Беляев Д.А. , Глущенко Ю.Н. , Коробов Д.В. , Христолюбова А.С. , Коваленко Д.Б. , Комарькова А.А. 
Published: March 2024

В статье приводятся данные о случаях нетипичного гнездования большой горлицы Streptopelia orientalis в нишах заброшенных каменных и кирпичных зданий в Приморском крае. Данный феномен был впервые зарегистрирован лишь в 2019 г. При дальнейшем обследовании заброшенных воинских частей в юго-западной части Приморья было установлено, что гнездова- ние в нишах стен заброшенных казарм здесь достаточно широко распространено. Нами было обнаружено девять подобных гнезд, в том числе отмечено насиживание кладки и вылет птенцов. По всей видимости, большая горлица в настоящее время находится на очередном этапе синан- тропизации. Также в статье рассматриваются пути синантропизации других представителей се- мейства Голубиные.
This paper provides data on cases of atypical nesting by the Oriental Turtle Dove Streptopelia orientalis in niches of abandoned stone and brick buildings in Primorsky Krai. This phenomenon was only recorded first in 2019, and during a survey of abandoned military bases in the southwestern part of Primorye, it was found out that nesting in the niches of the walls of abandoned barracks is not an isolated case but is quite widespread here. We found nine similar nests, including incubation of eggs and fledging of nestlings. Apparently, the Oriental Turtle Dove is currently at the next stage of synanthropization. The paper also discusses the modes of synanthropization of other representatives of the Columbidae family.
Vegetation and biotope dynamics in sprucebilberry forests Piceetum myrtillosum: ten years after clearcutting with retention of European aspen Populus tremula
Authors: Трошин Д.С. , Мирин Д.М. 
Published: March 2024

Исследование посвящено изменениям в биотопе и спектре эколого-ценотических групп растений травяно-кустарничкового яруса в течение десяти лет после рубок ельника черничного на территории Бабаевского района Вологодской области с учетом сохранения на корню осины (Populus tremula L.) Показано, что сплошные вырубки приводят к нарушению живого на-почвенного покрова. В первые годы после рубок состояние растительного покрова оказывается неустойчивым, что проявляется в его разреженности и резкой смене видов. Большое разнообразие экотопов, формирующихся в результате лесозаготовительных мероприятий, способствует быстрому появлению новых растений (луговых, опушечных и болотных видов) в нарушенных сообществах. На следующих этапах развития послерубочных участков происходит постепенное формирование древесного яруса, преимущественно представленного мелколиственными деревьями, при этом увеличивается обилие теневыносливых видов и происходит уменьшение и исчезновение луговых видов.
The changes in the biotope and in the spectrum of ecological coenotic groups of herb and dwarf shrub tiers of vegetation have been monitored over ten years following the clearcutting of the Piceetum myrtillosum (bilberry-rich spruce forest) considering on-site retention of aspen (Populus tremula L.) in the Babaevsky District of Vologda Oblast. During the first years after clearcutting, the vegetation cover is unstable, sparse, is characterized by pronounced species changes. The diverse ecotopes resulting from clearcutting contribute to the rapid emergence of new plants, including meadow and swamp species, in disturbed communities. Subsequently, tree tier with the dominance of small-leaved trees forms gradually at after clearcutting site. Additionally, the abundance of the shade-tolerant species increases, while that of the meadow species decreases.
THE URGENCY OF COOLING-OFF PERIOD CLAUSE IN INVESTOR-STATE DISPUTE SETTLEMENT : GOOD FAITH NEGOTIATION
Authors: Deriandy Jesslyn Febria 
Published: March 2024

With the development of foreign direct investors, international investment treaties also becoming more popular, causing more cases are occurring from said treaties. To deal with disputes, international investment treaties have dispute settlement mechanisms. Investor-State dispute settlement mechanisms in international investment treaties often include cooling-off clauses. In each case, the arbitral tribunal made different decisions regarding the compliance of this clause, provoking much controversy. Often, the cooling-off period is waived by the claimant since there is no clear motive regarding the urgency. The aim of this article is to determine the urgency of the cooling-off period clauses in bilateral investment treaties as a precondition for arbitration.
The method for research used in this study is descriptive analysis. The authors also use primary legal material, such as international arbitration, bilateral investment treaties, and arbitration rules. In addition, the authors use secondary legal sources such as related literature and journals.
Based on the findings of this study, the existence of a cooling-off period clause plays a role in enabling parties to discuss their disputes in good faith before submitting them to international arbitration.
THE OPTIMIZATION OF BILATERAL INVESTMENT TREATY TO ENCOURAGE THE DEVELOPMENT OF MICRO SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN INDONESIA AS HOST STATE IN INTERNATIONAL INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES
Authors: Imanuddin Sabrina Aqila 
Published: March 2024

International investment can accelerate economic growth and accelerate development in Indonesia. The Bilateral Investment Treaty (BIT) is an international agreement between two countries on provisions for international investment. The BITs are intended to promote the development of micro, small and medium enterprises in the country. Again, Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia need support in promotion and legal protection to develop and become more optimal, as SMEs are the backbone of the Indonesian economy and part of the implementation of the Pancasila economic system. SMEs development provisions can be addressed in international agreement such as BIT or Free Trade Agreements (FTA) to provise a forum for broader sectors that include SMEs. Therefore, to develop SMEs in Indonesia through international investment practices, it is necessary that related parties, i.e., the government to take measures for optimizing the development of SMEs in Indonesia and obtain comprehensive international investment support to strengthen through International Investment Agreements (IIA) and be competitive in the global market through strengthening and broadening the scope of SMEs in IIA.
Forest Carbon Modeling in Poplar and Black Locust Short Rotation Coppice Plantation in Hungary
Authors: Mulyana Budi , Polgár András , Vityi Andrea 
Published: March 2024

Forest carbon dynamic modeling for estimating the carbon stock in short rotation coppice bioenergy plantation in Hungary will be vital for better comprehending the role of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and poplar (Populus sp.) in carbon dioxide sequestration from the atmosphere. The research aims were to estimate the potential carbon stock and describe the carbon distribution of the short rotation coppice bioenergy plantation above and below ground. Various sources were used to acquire parameterization data for developing forest carbon dynamic models. CO2FIX modeling V.3.2 was utilized in the data analysis to estimate the total carbon stock in biomass, soil, harvested wood products, and bioenergy compartments. Modeling has been around for 45 years. In this research, the total carbon stock of black locust and poplar at the end of the simulation period was 64.13 and 131.08 MgC.ha-1, respectively. The average carbon allocation above and below ground for black locust and poplar was 0.76, 19.76, 1.80, and 21.67 MgC.ha-1, respectively. In conclusion, poplar outperformed black locust regarding carbon storage in the short rotation coppice bioenergy plantation. Below ground carbon allocation was much higher than above ground. Therefore, more attention should be paid on below ground allocation through environmentally friendly soil management.
Keywords: bioenergy plantation, carbon dynamics, climate change mitigation, CO2FIX model, fast growing species
Paradigma Baru Tindak pidana Korupsi Dalam KUHP Nasional
Authors: Sawung Dimas Akbar , Setiyowati Fariska Jihan , Yusnika Mila 
Published: March 2024

Pengesahan pengeesahan KUHP Nasional menjadi sorotan publik. Salah satunya lantaran sejumlah pasal pada KUHP yang baru itu justru memangkas hukuman bagi para koruptor. Dua pasal dalam KUHP baru yang dinilai problematik yakni Pasal 603 dan Pasal 604. Tulisan ini dibuat berdasarkan penelitian yang menggunakan pendekatan yuridis normative (Legal Resarch) dan yuridis empiris sebagai penunjang pendekatan Normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan di dalam Pasal 603 disebutkan bahwa pelaku tindak pidana korupsi dipidana dengan pidana penjara seumur hidup atau pidana penjara paling singkat dua tahun dan paling lama 20 tahun. Pembicaraan tentang korupsi seakan tidak ada putus-putusnya. Dimana terjadi perubahan hukum materil pada pasal mengani tindak pidana korupsi. Seperti yang telah kita ketahui sebelumnya pelaku tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia dapat dikenai pidana penjara dan atau denda yang diatur secara tersendiri di luar Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana. Hal ini sesuai dengan UU No. 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Perubahan Atas UU No. 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Namun sekarang peraturan tentang tindak pidana korupsi telah di masukan kedalam KUHP Baru lalu bagimanakah paradigma baru KUHP tentang kasus tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia Walaupun pengundangan KUHP Nasional mengalami beberapa kendala karena adanya pro-kontra dalam masyarakat, tetapi sebagai sebuah produk hukum pidana yang bercirikan Bangsa Indonesia, KUHP Nasional harus tetap diundangkan. Kata Kunci : Tindak Pidana Korupsi, Pembaharuan Hukum, Hukum Pidana