bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of semi‐quantitative scoring system for metaiodobenzylguanidine (mIBG) scans in patients with relapsed neuroblastoma
Authors: Messina Julia A. , Cheng Su‐Chun , Franc Benjamin L. , Charron Martin , Shulkin Barry , To Bao , Maris John M. , Yanik Gregory , Hawkins Randall A. , Matthay Katherine K. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractBackgroundThe purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of two semi‐quantitative scoring systems to assess response to 131I‐metaiodobenzylguanidine (mIBG) therapy in recurrent neuroblastoma.ProceduresDiagnostic mIBG scan pairs (n = 57) were collected for patients who underwent 131I‐mIBG therapy for relapsed neuroblastoma. Two scoring systems were designated: Method 1, which divided the body into nine segments to view osteomedullary lesions with an additional tenth segment to assess soft tissue involvement; and Method 2, which divided the body into seven segments without a corresponding compartment for soft tissue involvement. Four nuclear medicine physicians independently assigned extension and intensity scores utilizing both methods, and separately recorded their impression of whether the post‐therapy scan had improved, not changed, or worsened. Inter‐ and intra‐observer concordance and correlation with overall response and progression‐free survival (PFS) were performed.ResultsMethod 1 produced the highest inter‐observer concordance and was used to calculate the relative extension scores (post‐therapy score divided by pre‐therapy score), which correlated significantly with overall response. Patients who achieved complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) (n = 21) had lower relative extension scores, compared to those without response (P < 0.001). The readers' overall impression associated highly (P < 0.001) with the relative extension scores though results were less quantitative. Concordance was higher if initial scores were >5. Relative extension score did not predict PFS.ConclusionSemi‐quantitative scoring of mIBG scans provides a more reliable method of assessing response in patients with relapsed neuroblastoma than qualitative impression. The reproducibility and high inter‐observer concordance makes mIBG score an important component of overall response criteria in patients with recurrent neuroblastoma. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Protein chip based miniaturized assay for the simultaneous quantitative monitoring of cancer biomarkers in tissue extracts
Authors: Weissenstein Ulrike , Schneider Michael J. , Pawlak Michael , Cicenas Jonas , Eppenberger‐Castori Serenella , Oroszlan Peter , Ehret Sabine , Geurts‐Moespot Anneke , Sweep Fred C. G. J. , Eppenberger Urs 
Published: January 2006

AbstractA multiplexed fluorescence immunoassay using a novel planar waveguide technology‐based microarray system, ZeptoMARK (Zeptosens), was developed to detect simultaneously urokinase‐type plasminogen activator (uPA), plasminogen activator inhibitor‐1 (PAI‐1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in extracts of breast cancer tissues. The three analytes assay was cross‐validated with single‐analyte ELISA/chemiluminescence immunosorbent assay tests, revealing good correlations and enhanced assay sensitivities (LODs) of 1 pg/mL for uPA, 33 pg/mL for PAI‐1, and 1 pg/mL for VEGF. Values were well within the 80–120% limits for assay recovery and within the ±20% limits for assay precision. The uPA, PAI‐1, and VEGF results obtained from 50 breast cancer cytosols using the protein array system demonstrated that the microarray‐based multiplexed assay is a sensitive and robust tool to be used for the simultaneous quantification of cancer markers in small breast cancer tissue samples (core biopsies). The miniaturized, multiplexed assay format has a potential to be used for the quantitative analysis of a larger set of validated markers with significance in disease management.
Improvement of α‐tocopherols long‐term efficiency by modeling its heterogeneous natural environment in polyethylene
Authors: Strandberg Clara , Albertsson Ann‐Christine 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe natural antioxidant vitamin E (α‐tocopherol) is of interest to use in packaging applications to decrease the amount of toxic products migrating into food and drugs. We have earlier shown that the long‐term efficiency of α‐tocopherol in polyethylene (PE) films is poor. α‐Tocopherol is located in the lipid phase of the cell in vivo and it has been revealed that it is more efficient in a polar substrate. PE is more hydrophobic and homogenous than the heterogeneous and hydrophilic lipid phase. Three different additive systems were investigated to model α‐tocopherols heterogeneous natural environment in PE. Two of these had carboxylic acid groups, EAA and polyTRIM/PAA core‐shell particles (Core), and the third, oat starch, had no carboxylic acid groups. The materials were thermally aged and characterized by chemiluminescence (CL), FTIR, chromatography, and thermal analysis. The EAA system as well as the Core system improved the antioxidant properties of α‐tocopherol in PE, and the Core system had the best performance. We know that starch has stabilizing properties in PE, but it had no effect on the efficiency of α‐tocopherol. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 1660–1666, 2006
Interaction between mammalian glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase and L‐lactate dehydrogenase from heart and muscle
Authors: Svedružić Željko M. , Spivey H. Olin 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe exceptionally high protein concentration in living cells can favor functional protein–protein interactions that can be difficult to detect with purified proteins. In this study we describe specific interactions between mammalian D‐glyceraldehyde‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and L‐lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isozymes from heart and muscle. We use poly(ethylene‐glycol) (PEG)‐induced coprecipitation and native agarose electrophoresis as two independent methods uniquely suited to mimic some of the conditions that can favor protein–protein interaction in living cells. We found that GAPDH interacts with heart or muscle isozymes of LDH with approximately one‐to‐one stoichiometry. The interaction is specific; GAPDH shows interaction with two LDH isozymes that have very different net charge and solubility in PEG solution, while no interaction is observed with GAPDH from other species, other NAD(H) dehydrogenases, or other proteins that have very similar net charge and molecular mass. Analytical ultracentrifugation showed that the LDH and GAPDH complex is insoluble in PEG solution. The interaction is abolished by saturation with NADH, but not by saturation with NAD+ in correlation with GAPDH solubility in PEG solution. The crystal structures show that GAPDH and LDH isozymes share complementary size, shape, and electric potential surrounding the active sites. The presented results suggest that GAPDH and LDH have a functional interaction that can affect NAD+/NADH metabolism and glycolysis in living cells. Proteins 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Study of large magnetoresistance of thin polycrystalline Bi films annealed at critical temperatures
Authors: Tolutis R. A. , Balevičius S. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThis paper reports an investigation of the large magnetoresistance (MR) of 0.3–1.5 µm thick polycrystalline Bi films deposited in vacuum on non‐crystalline substrates and annealed at critical temperatures. The occurrence of critical temperatures is associated with intensive growth of crystallites. It is demonstrated that such films consist of large 50–200 µm high‐quality crystallites and exhibit a large transverse MR. At temperatures higher than 77 K the magnitude of the MR can exceed that of epitaxial Bi films. The experimental results are interpreted on the basis of a polycrystalline Bi thin‐film model. The data suggest that in Te‐doped Bi films the MR can be larger than that in pure Bi films. It is found that the grain‐boundary scattering is weak. However, there exist rather isotropic extra carrier scattering channels which reduce the anisotropy of electrical conductivity and MR. The relative importance of this extra scattering changes with temperature. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Highly ordered magnetic multilayer Ni/Cu nanowires
Authors: Liu R. S. , Chang S. C. , Hu S. F. , Huang C. Y. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractHighly ordered nanowires with multilayer of Ni/Cu, have been successfully prepared by pulsed chemical electrodeposition into nanoporous alumina membrane. The diameter (ranging from 30 to 100 nm) of wires can be easily controlled by pore size of alumina. The applied potential and the duration of each potential square pulse determine the thickness of the metal layers. The nanowires have been characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), magnetic force microscopy (MFM), and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) measurements. From the result of MFM analysis, the magnetic multilayer nanowire indicates unique magnetic property. The MFM images indicate that every ferromagnetic layer separated by Cu layer was present as single‐domain magnet. The results are demonstrated that this type of nanowires has a potential to the application of magnetic nanodevices. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Interface thermal resistance of nanostructured FeCoCu film and Si substrate
Authors: Nikolaenko Yuri M. , Medvedev Yuri V. , Genenko Yuri A. , Ghafari Mohammad , Hahn Horst 
Published: January 2006

AbstractResults of measurement of thermal resistance (RFS ) of film substrate interface of 10 nm (Fe1–x Cox )1–y Cuy film on Si substrate with 50 nm SiO2 sublayer are presented. The estimated magnitude is two orders greater then RFS of epitaxial manganite films on StTiO3 substrate with and without sublayer. The significant increase of RFS is explained by granular structure of film with average size of grain about 10 nm. In this case the additional thermal barier in the film‐substrate interface is appeared. It provides the change of regime of phonons propagation from ballistic to diffusion one. The principle possibility of variation of RFS in wide range as a task of nanotechnology is discussed. (© 2006 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Anxiolytic effects of a combination of Melissa ofcinalis and Valeriana ofcinalis during laboratory induced stress
Authors: Kennedy David O. , Little Wendy , Haskell Crystal F , Scholey Andrew B. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractObjective:Melissa ofcinalis (lemon balm) and Valeriana ofcinalis (valerian) have been used both traditionally and contemporaneously as mild sedatives, anxiolytics and hypnotics. Recent research has suggested that both may attenuate laboratory induced stress. As the two herbs are most often sold in combination with each other the current study assessed the anxiolytic properties of such a combination during laboratory‐induced stress.Methods:In this double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, randomized, balanced cross‐over experiment, 24 healthy volunteers received three separate single doses (600 mg, 1200 mg, 1800 mg) of a standardized product containing M. ofcinalis and V. ofcinalis extracts, plus a placebo, on separate days separated by a 7 day wash out period. Modulation of mood and anxiety were assessed during pre‐dose and 1 h, 3 h and 6 h post‐dose completions of a 20 min version of the Dened Intensity Stressor Simulation (DISS) battery. Cognitive performance on the four concurrent tasks of the battery was also assessed.Results:The results showed that the 600 mg dose of the combination ameliorated the negative effects of the DISS on ratings of anxiety. However, the highest dose (1800 mg) showed an increase in anxiety that was less marked but which reached signicance during one testing session. In addition, all three doses led to decrements in performance on the Stroop task module within the battery, and the two lower doses led to decrements on the overall score generated on the DISS battery.Conclusions: These results suggest that a combination of Melissa ofcinalis and Valeriana ofcinalis possesses anxiolytic properties that deserve further investigation. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Botanical therapies in chronic fatigue
Authors: Tharakan Binu , Manyam Bala V. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractChronic fatigue often occurs in aging and in various neurological, psychiatric and systemic diseases. The available therapies in modern medicine are limited. The exploration of potential alternative therapies from traditional medicine is reviewed, as there are several botanicals with experimental evidence of efcacy based on animal models and clinical studies. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of two Prunella species on lymphocyte proliferation and nitric oxide production
Authors: Harput U. Sebnem , Saracoglu Iclal , Ogihara Yukio 
Published: January 2006

AbstractWater extracts of Prunella vulgaris and P. laciniata have been investigated for their immunomodulatory and antiinflammatory activities concerning their effect on the mitogenic response of murine splenocytes and nitric oxide production by murine peritoneal macrophages in vitro. It was found that both extracts stimulated the proliferation of T‐lymphocytes and suppressed NO production in lipopolysaccharide‐stimulated macrophages dose dependently without any cytotoxicity. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluation of anticancer activity of the alkaloid fraction of Alstonia scholaris (Sapthaparna) in vitro and in vivo
Authors: Jagetia Ganesh Chandra , Baliga Manjeshwar Shrinath 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe anticancer effect of various doses of an alkaloid fraction of Sapthaparna, Alstonia scholaris (ASERS), was studied in vitro in cultured human neoplastic cell lines (HeLa, HepG2, HL60, KB and MCF‐7) and in Ehrlich ascites carcinoma bearing mice. Treatment of HeLa cells with 25 µg/mL ASERS resulted in a time dependent increase in the antineoplastic activity and the greatest activity was observed when the cells were exposed to ASERS for 24 h. However, exposure of cells to ASERS for 4 h resulted in 25% viable cells and hence this time interval was considered to be the optimum time for treatment and further studies were carried out using this time. Treatment of various cells with ASERS resulted in a concentration dependent decline in the viable cells and a nadir was reached at 200 µg/mL in all the cell lines studied. The IC50 was found to be 5.53, 25, 11.16, 10 and 29.76 µg/mL for HeLa, HePG2, HL60, KB and MCF‐7 cells, respectively. Similarly, administration of ASERS, once daily for 9 consecutive days to the tumor bearing mice caused a dose dependent remission of the tumor up to 240 mg/kg body weight, where the greatest antitumor effect was observed. Since 240 mg/kg ASERS showed toxic manifestations, the next lower dose of 210 mg/kg was considered as the best effective dose, in which 20% of the animals survived up to 120 days post‐tumor‐cell inoculation as against no survivors in the saline treated control group. The ASERS treatment resulted in a dose dependent elevation in the median survival time (MST) and the average survival time (AST) up to 240 mg/kg ASERS and declined thereafter. The surviving animals were healthy and disease free. The effect of ASERS was better than cyclophosphamide, which was used as a positive control, where all the animals succumbed to death by 40 days and the MST and AST were 19.5 and 18.3 days, respectively. The effective dose of 210 mg of ASERS was 3/10 of the LD50 dose, which increased the MST and AST up to 54 and 49.5 days, respectively. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Protective effect of selected flavonoids onin vitrodaunorubicin‐induced cardiotoxicity
Authors: Mojžišová G. , Mirossay L. , Kučerová D. , Kyselovič J. , Miroššay A. , Mojžiš J. 
Published: January 2006

AbstractFlavonoids are an ubiquitous group of polyphenolic substances with varied chemical structures present in foods of plant origin and act as free radical scavenging and chelating agents with a variety of biological activities.Using a model of spontaneously beating, cultured adult rat cardiomyocytes, this study examined the cardioprotective role of quercetin, naringenin, pycnogenol and a model antioxidant, trolox, against daunorubicin‐induced toxicity. Cardiomyocyte protection was assessed by MTT test and extracellular lactate dehydrogenase detection. Protection of cardiomyocytes was concentration/dose dependent for quercetin > naringenin > pycnogenol > trolox. Quercetin (10−4–10−6mol/L) after 24 h of co‐incubation with daunorubicin significantly increased the cardiomyocyte survival in all tested concentrations (p< 0.001). The cytoprotective effect of naringenin (10−4–10−6mol/L) was similar to those of quercetin (p< 0.001 andp< 0.01, respectively). Pycnogenol was the least effective of the flavonoids studied. On the other hand, all tested flavonoids had significantly better protective effects than trolox. The leakage of lactate dehydrogenase induced by daunorubicin was also prevented by the studied compounds and was in accordance with their cytoprotective activity. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An in vitro study of the protective effect of the flavonoid silydianin against reactive oxygen species
Authors: Zielińska‐Przyjemska Małgorzata , Wiktorowicz Krzysztof 
Published: January 2006

AbstractThe inhibitory effect of silydianin, an active constituent of Silybium marianum, on the in vitro production and release of oxidative products has been examined. Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) play a primary role in the initiation and propagation of inflammatory responses. Their apoptosis is a major mechanism associated with the resolution of inflammatory reactions. Neutrophils were assessed for caspase‐3 activity, the rst step in the execution phase of apoptosis. When cells were cultured with 100 µm silydianin for 24 h, caspase‐3 was activated. Induction of apoptosis by silydianin was accompanied by a decrease in luminol‐enhanced chemiluminescence as well as superoxide radical (O2•−) release in freshly isolated cells and lipid peroxidation in mouse spleen microsomes. No signicant effect of silydianin on PMN hydrogen peroxide production evaluated by a flow cytometric dichlorofluorescin oxidation assay was found. Such results indicate a possible antiinflammatory activity for silydianin, which regulates caspase‐3 activation, affects cell membranes and acts as a free radical scavenger. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Mangifera indica L. extract (Vimang®) inhibits 2‐deoxyribose damage induced by Fe (III) plus ascorbate
Authors: Pardo‐Andreu Gilberto Lázaro , Delgado René , Núñez‐Sellés Alberto J. , Vercesi Anibal E 
Published: January 2006

AbstractVimang® is an aqueous extract of selected species of Mangifera indica L, used in Cuba as a nutritional antioxidant supplement. Many in vitro and in vivo models of oxidative stress have been used to elucidate the antioxidant mechanisms of this extract. To further characterize the mechanism of Vimang® action, its effect on the degradation of 2‐deoxyribose induced by Fe (III)‐EDTA plus ascorbate or plus hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase was studied. Vimang® was shown to be a potent inhibitor of 2‐deoxyribose degradation mediated by Fe (III)‐EDTA plus ascorbate or superoxide (O2−). The results revealed that Vimang®, at concentrations higher than 50 µm mangiferin equivalent, was equally effective in preventing degradation of both 15 mm and 1.5 mm 2‐deoxyribose. At a xed Fe (III) concentration, increasing the concentration of ligands (either EDTA or citrate) caused a signicant reduction in the protective effects of Vimang®. When ascorbate was replaced by O2− (formed by hypoxanthine and xanthine oxidase) the protective efciency of Vimang® was also inversely related to EDTA concentration. The results strongly indicate that Vimang® does not block 2‐deoxyribose degradation by simply trapping •OH radicals. Rather, Vimang® seems to act as an antioxidant by complexing iron ions, rendering them inactive or poorly active in the Fenton reaction. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Green tea (Camellia sinensis) extract ameliorates endotoxin induced sickness behavior and liver damage in rats
Authors: Singal Anjali , Tirkey Naveen , Pilkhwal Sangeeta , Chopra Kanwaljit 
Published: January 2006

AbstractImmune activation, either by cytokines or endotoxin, elicits a constellation of nonspecic symptoms such as weakness, malaise, listlessness, fatigue, adipsia, anorexia, depression and anxiety collectively termed as sickness behavior. Further, endotoxin administration in animals has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many types of liver disease. Green tea, a common household drink, is rich in antioxidant polyphenols demonstrating inhibitory effects on cytokine production. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of chronic treatment of green tea extract (GTE) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐induced sickness behavior and liver damage in rats. The hypothesis was tested through the analysis of LPS‐induced behavioral changes in rats, in plus maze and open eld paradigms. Other parameters such as feeding and water consumption, weight loss and organ weight index were also estimated. Liver function tests were conducted to investigate the effect of GTE supplementation on LPS‐induced hepatic dysfunction. The results of the study demonstrated that GTE signicantly attenuated LPS‐induced sickness behavior as well as hepatic damage either by its antioxidant activity or by inhibiting LPS induced cytokine production in rats. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of extracts and tannins fromArbutus unedoleaves on rat platelet aggregation
Authors: Mekhfi Hassane , ElHaouari Mohammed , Bnouham Mohamed , Aziz Mohammed , Ziyyat Abderrahim , Legssyer Abdelkhaleq 
Published: January 2006

AbstractMany cardiovascular diseases such as arterial hypertension are associated with an increase in blood platelet activity.Arbutus unedo(Ericaceae) is a medicinal plant reputed to treat arterial hypertension, so the present study was undertaken in order to determine the antiaggregant effect. The crude aqueous extract showed an inhibition of thrombin‐induced platelet aggregation (IC50= 1.8 ± 0.09 g/L,n= 10). The subsequent extraction ofArbutus unedoleaves by successive solvents showed that the methanol and ethyl acetate extracts accounted for most of the antiaggregant activity (IC50= 0.7 ± 0.08,n= 9; 0.6 ± 0.05;n= 9, respectively).The tannins isolated from the methanol extract exhibited a strong antiplatelet effect (% of inhibition = 75.3 ± 1.4,n= 8) and may be the major chemical compounds responsible for this action. Our results support the traditional use of this plant in the preventive or therapeutic treatment of platelet aggregation linked to arterial hypertension. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.