bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comprehensive transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of one-year-old and two-year-old Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua
Authors: Wu Liang , Qiu Yuqin , Fang Yuting , Huang Can , Song Dawei , Li Duohui , Zhao Li , Zhao Haiyang , Qi Lamei , Dai Lishang 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. It is rich in polysaccharides, flavonoids, alkaloids and other medicinal active ingredients, which plays an important role in maintaining human health. Because P. cyrtonema is a perennial plant, the cultivation time may affect the accumulation of functional active ingredients in the body. In purpose to explore the differences in the level of secondary metabolites, we used non-targeted metabolomics (LC-MS) technology to study the root tissues of 1-year-old and 2-year-old P. cyrtonema. Metabolomics results showed that the differential metabolites were enriched into 77 metabolic pathways, and the significantly enriched pathways were related to amino acid biosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism. At the same time, phenylalanine, citric acid, cinnamic acid and other metabolites accumulated more in 2-year-old plants. Furthermore, transcriptome analysis showed that a total of 2068 differentially expressed genes (DEGs, 1026 up-regulated genes and 1042 down-regulated genes) were identified, and 102 metabolic pathways were enriched, among which glucose metabolism, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis were highly enriched metabolic pathways. These analysis results display that with the increase of cultivation time, the metabolic pathways of related active substances will be enhanced accordingly. Generally speaking, this study applied multi-omics techniques to show the differences in metabolites and gene levels of P. plants with different growth years, which will provide valuable clues for finding candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of active substances.
Nano Aerosolized Chemotherapy (NAC) – a technology for generating nanoparticle aerosolized chemotherapy for intraperitoneal application
Authors: Mehta Sanket , Kammar Praveen , Agrawal Palkesh , Garach Niharika , Sukumar Vivek , Mehta Nirav , Bhatt Aditi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background
Ultrasonic technology could be used for aerosol generation for intraperitoneal aerosolized chemotherapy. Current devices or systems for generation of aerosolized chemotherapy generate a polydisperse aerosol with the average droplet size measuring in micrometres. In this manuscript, we describe the functioning of a new device designed to generate nanoparticle-aerosolized chemotherapy for intraperitoneal application. The results of an experimental study looking at the particle size in the aerosol generated using this technology and another experiment evaluating its safety are presented and discussed.
Methods
A drug delivery system called nano-aerosolized chemotherapy (NAC) system was developed indigenously and has two components, a controller unit- Nanosol® and a nozzle – Nanowand®. The system has an accessory for aerosol evacuation, a nano-particle (NP) filter. In an experimental setting, doxorubicin, cisplatin and oxaliplatin were aerosolised using the NAC system. The aerosol that was deposited on a copper grid was studied using a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The experiment was repeated 3 times for each of the drugs.
For the safety testing, cisplatin and doxorubicin were aerosolised in an experimental set up. Wipes from the operating table, the floor near it, the surgeon’s gloves and the air duct as well as two air samples were collected and tested for the presence of drug using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The samples were collected with and without laminar air flow. Additional testing was performed to check the performance of the NP filter using a second inline filter.
Results
Nanoparticle aerosol was successfully generated using the NAC system. The average particle size was <65nm for doxorubicin in all three experiments, <66 nm for cisplatin and <63 nm for oxaliplatin. No micrometer sized particles were observed in any of the nine experiments.
In all 8 wipe samples, the platinum levels were below detectable limits of 0.1ppb.
In the 4 air samples and two samples from air filters, the platinum levels were also below detectable limits.
Conclusions
Doxorubicin, cisplatin and oxaliplatin were successfully aerosolized using the NAC system producing a nanoparticle aerosol. Future studies looking at spatial distribution, depth of penetration and tissue concentration will determine the suitability for clinical application.
New horizons on the knowledge of the population during the Middle/Late Pleistocene.
The human remains of
Guattari Cave (S. Felice Circeo, Lt, Italy)
Authors: Rubini Mauro , Zaio Paola , Mario Francesco Di 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Along the coast of southern Lazio (central Tyrrhenian Sea) there is a significant series of multilayered coastal caves, most of which provide abundant evidence of occupation during the Neanderthal time horizon. In one of these caves, Guattari cave an extraordinary discovery of hominin remains dating back to approximately 66-65ka was made in 2019-2022, which places the Guattari cave finds in a specific period within the Neanderthal population of the Italian peninsula. Ongoing studies have demonstrated the presence of a particular morpho-anatomical variability in the population that lived in the Circeo area with plesio- and apomorphic characteristics that could open new evolutionary horizons. Biological variability and affinities that would suggest rather complex unexpected population dispersal scenarios. The particularity of these finds, chronologically very close, allows us to consider Guattari cave as one of the most important sites for the study of the Mediterranean area during the middle and late Pleistocene. We have studied the new finds and the morphology, compared to Circeo1 skull, aligns more with Javanese H. erectus than with Neanderthals. A discovery that identifies this region as a focal point of coexistence of different lineages, H. erectus s.s., H. erectus s.l., proto-Neanderthal, "classical" Neanderthal, and H. sapiens, which could define new and unexpected migratory and evolutionary dynamics towards modern humanity. In a Neanderthal context, such as that of Circeo, the presence of fossil human evidence documenting a mosaic model consisting of a Javanese H. erectus paleodeme associated with primitive and unusual characters could represent the result of a hybridization between archaic and modern humans and a phenomenon of dispersal into Southeast Asia and Australo-Melanesian.
Outdoor air pollution as a risk factor for testing positive for SARS-CoV-2: a nationwide test-negative case-control study in the Netherlands
Authors: Simões Mariana , Zorn Jelle , Hogerwerf Lenny , Velders Guus J. M. , Portengen Lützen , Gerlofs-Nijland Miriam , Dijkema Marieke , Strak Maciek , Jacobs José , Smit Lidwien A.M. , Vermeulen Roel , Mughini-Gras Lapo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Air pollution is a known risk factor for several diseases, but the extent to which it influences COVID-19 compared to other respiratory diseases remains unclear. We performed a test-negative case-control study among people with COVID-19-compatible symptoms who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 infection, to assess whether their long- and short-term exposure to ambient air pollution (AAP) was associated with testing positive (vs. negative) for SARS-CoV-2. We used individual-level data for all adult residents in the Netherlands who were tested for SARS-CoV-2 between June and November 2020, when only symptomatic people were tested, and modelled ambient concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, NO2 and O3 at geocoded residential addresses. In long-term exposure analysis, we selected individuals who did not change residential address in 2017-2019 (1.7 million tests) and considered the average concentrations of PM10, PM2.5 and NO2 in that period, and different sources of PM (industry, livestock, other agricultural activities, road traffic, other Dutch sources, foreign sources). In short-term exposure analysis, individuals not changing residential address in the two weeks before testing day (2.7 million tests) were included in the analyses, thus considering 1- and 2-week average concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, NO2 and O3 before testing day as exposure. Mixed-effects logistic regression analysis with adjustment for several confounders, including municipality and testing week to account for spatiotemporal variation in viral circulation, was used. Overall, there was no statistically significant effect of long-term exposure to the studied pollutants on the odds of testing positive vs. negative for SARS-CoV-2. However, significant positive associations of long-term exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 from specifically foreign and livestock sources, and to PM10 from other agricultural sources, were observed. Short-term exposure to PM10 (adjusting for NO2) and PM2.5 were also positively associated with increased odds of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. While these exposures seemed to increase COVID-19 risk relative to other respiratory diseases, the underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear. This study reinforces the need to continue to strive for better air quality to support public health.
The Art of Arabic Instruction for Students in Primary Stage
Authors: Syafaah Daris 
Published: March 2024

The objectives of language instruction are informing students with skills that are generally desired. All stages of education have a standard compentence that must be achieved by the teacher. The primary stage is stage for students aged 7-12. They have different characteristics depend on students in higher level. So, the teacher has to pay attention for students when teach Arabic language in this stage. They must be creative in teaching Arabic language based on teacher’s ability, method, learning strategy, and learning media that are suitable with students caracteristic (students at primary stage).
تعليم اللغة العربيّة باستخدام طريقة الإستجابة الجسدية الكاملة (Total Physical Response) في مركز تطوير اللغة (PPB) بجامعة أنتساري الإسلامية الحكومية بنجرماسين
Authors: أنصار محمد كامل رمّا 
Published: March 2024

Abstract: Total Physical Response method in language teaching is a method that aims to determine students' understanding through verbal instruction. Therefore, a teacher needs a method that allows for student fun learn with indepedently and also that can build chemistry between teachers and students. This research Used Classroom Action that consists of four steps: planning, acting, observation and reflection. Subject of this research was students studying in first semester in Center of Developing language at UIN Antasari university in academic year 2018-2019. Result of research indicate that applying of physical response method proven effectively about the improving of Arabic language skill of student in first level. Therefore, it is very important for the language teachers to pay attention of this method in Arabic learning process and also these findings had implications for the importance of academic policy affirmations from leader university for the development of strategies and methodologies of learning Arabic skills.
فعالية استخدام الطريقة المباشرة لترقية مهارة الكلام (دراسة متعددة المواضع في معهد بستان المتعلمين الإسلامي السلفي داووهان بليتار ومعهد الحكمة الإسلامي السلفي لانجكابان سرعات بليتار)
Authors: أمر الله أحمد فكرى 
Published: March 2024

الملخص: بحث هذا البحث الظاهرة عن المعهد الإسلامي الذي يملك خلفية إنشائه ومنهجه المختلفة. وتؤثر هذه الظاهرة على الاهداف المرجو في تعليم اللغة العربية وتخطيط عملية التعلم فيه. عامة، قد كانت أربع المهارات في تعليم اللغة العربية وهي: مهارة الاستماع والكلام والقراءة والكتابة. وقدرة على أربع المهارات من الهدف المرجو في تعليم اللغة العربية. واختلاف المنهج قد يعين الأهداف المرجو وتخطيطه في تكوين المهارة اللغوية. ويهدف تكوين المهارات اللغوية أن يملك الطلاب قدرة على المهارة اللغوية الأربعة. وقد عمل المعهد الحديث تخطيط التعلم والبرامج اللغوية لتكوين المهارات اللغوية بالبرامج الأفضل وهو "البيئة اللغوية" مثل المهارة المضغطة. وكذلك المعهد السلفي قد يعين تخطيط التعلم وبرامج التعلم لتكوين المهارات اللغوية المضغطة. ومسائل البحث في كتابة هذه رسالة الماجستير هي: 1) كيف تصميم الطريقة المباشرة لترقية مهارة الكلام في المعهد بستان المتعلمين الإسلامي السلفي داووهان والمعهد الإسلامي السلفي لانجكابان سرعات بلتار؟، 2) كيف تطبيق الطريقة المباشرة لترقية مهارة الكلام في المعهد بستان المتعلمين الإسلامي السلفي داووهان والمعهد الحكمة الإسلامي السلفي لانجكابان سرعات بلتار؟، 3) وكيف التقييم من تطبيق الطريقة المباشرة لترقية مهارة الكلام في المعهد بستان المتعلمين الإسلامي السلفي داووهان والمعهد الحكمة الإسلامي السلفي لانجكابان سرعات بلتار؟ منهج البحث: تستعمل هذه رسالة الماجستير مدخل البحث الكيفي، وتصميم البحث باستعمال تصميم الدراسة الحالية، ومكان البحث وهو في المعهد بستان المتعلمين الإسلامي السلفي داووهان بليتار والمعهد الحكمة الإسلامي السلفي لانجكابان سرعات بلتار، وحضور الباحث، وعينة مصادر الحقائق باستعمال عينة كرة الثلج، وطريقة جمع البيانات المستعملة هنا هي: طريقة المشاهدة بأداة المشاهدة، وطريقة المقابلة بأداة المقابلة، وطريقة الوثيقة بأداة إرشادة للواثيقة. وطريقة تحليل البيانات التي تستعمل بثلاثة المراحل وهي تنقيص البيانات وتقديم البيانات واستخلاص البيانات، ثم تفتيش صحة البيانات بإستعمال تطويل أوقات الحضور والمناقشة مع بعض الإخوان وتثليثزرمن هذه النتائج يخلص الباحث: تطبيق مهارة الكلام في المعهد بستان المتعلمين الإسلامي السلفي من أضغط المهارة اللغوية فيه. لأنه يشهر بالبيئة اللغوية. ويقتضي تطبيق مهارة الكلام بأنشطة كثيرة، منها: أنشطة إلقاء المفردة، والمحاضرة، والمطالعة، والمحفوظة، وتعليم النحو وتعليم الصرف، التمثيل المسرحي وعقد محكمة اللغة، والمحادثة وتشجيع اللغة العربية وإصلاح اللغة ولا يوجد في المعهد الحكمة الإسلامي السلفي أنشطة تطبيق الكلام (ياءخذ تخصيب المفردات من كتب الأصفر).
مشاكل المنهج 2013 في تعليم اللغة العربية بالمدرسة الإبتدائية الإسلامية "المنور" تولونج أجونج
Authors: السفاعة دار 
Published: March 2024

ملخص: يهدف هذا البحث لتعريف عملية تعليم اللغة العربية ويركز هذا البحث إلى مشاكل تعلم اللغة العربية بالمنهج 2013. ويستخدم هذ البحث الأساسي النظري عن المنهج 2013 ومبادئه. ويستخدم هذا البحث هو البحث النوعي الوصفي. مصادر الحقائق الأساسية هي المدرسون الذين يقومون بتدريس اللغة العربية بالمدرسة الإبتدائية الإسلامية " المنور" تولونج أجونج ويدعم بالحقائق الأخرى كالمراقبة والتوثيق. ويعبر البحث في مبادئ المنهج 2013 الذي قرره الحكومة كالمنهج الوطني لم يدل على الحصول الأقصى. بسبب وجود العوائق أو المشكلات التي تعوق تنفيذه. مثل استعداد المدرسين، واستعداد الطلاب، والوسائل الموجودة، وقلة الوقت في تعليم اللغة العربية كل أسبوع.
Ҭarīqah Tarjmah al-Lugah al-‘Arabiyah Ilâ al-Lugah al-Indûněsiyah Min Khilâl al-Tahlīl al-Taqâbuliy
Authors: Tandi Wahyuddin Wahyu 
Published: March 2024

The aims of this study are: Knowing the method of translating arabic language to indonesian language and knowing the strategy of translating arabic language to indonesian language. The approach used is descriptive qualitative approach, data sources are books, journals and research results that contain translation theory and are relevant to the theme of this study, the instrument used is documentation. In analyzing the data, Miles and Huberman's theory was used, namely: collecting data, selecting relevant data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study are: There are many differences between arabic language and indonesian language, in the translation method there are several things that must be considered in relation to constructive studies, including: comparing the two in terms of syntax, for example in terms of suitability between subject and predicate, structural differences, comparison of shapes and types of letters and their meanings. In addition, there are several strategies for translating, including: Differences in the structure of the two require adaptation in translation, for example: active sentence is translated as passive voice and vice versa, active sentence is translated as passive voice, masdar sometimes is translated as a verb, additional letters are not translated, and kana wa akwatuha are sometimes not translated to indonesian language.
Exploring the use of blockchain-based tokens in the wine industry
Authors: Kramer Michael Paul , Heussner Jochen , Hanf Jon H. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
A recent publication reports that the number of active Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) in self-custodial wallets has grown exponentially in the past years across several industries. This study analyzed 65 token-based use cases in the wine sector. It was found that most current applications revolve around the downstream part of the supply chain. The research has also demonstrated that the various solutions involving fungible tokens and NFTs can be classified into three categories. Consequently, a taxonomy has been introduced. Furthermore, it was identified that digital tokens can solve current challenges in the wine industry related to provenance, proof of origin, authenticity, and fraud prevention. At the same time, the utilization of tokens enables an extended consumer interaction with the product. Managers potentially considering connecting their physical products and services with digital tokens can obtain insights towards their use in the web3 economy.
Dampak Kecerdasan Emosional terhadap Perilaku Cyberbullying pada Siswa SMP X
Authors: Barru Fagih Al , Nuraqmarina Fatma 
Published: March 2024

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah memprediksi pengaruh kecerdasan emosional terhadap perilaku cyberbullying pada siswa. Kecerdasan emosional yang dimiliki para siswa dinilai memiliki peran penting terhadap terjadinya perilaku cyberbullying, Cyberbullying adalah salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kecerdasan emosional. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantiatif dengan jenis penelitian korelasional dan menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Sebanyak 177 siswa yang bersekolah di SMP X menjadi responden penelitian. Alat ukur yang digunakan untuk untuk mengukur perilaku cyberbullying adalah skala perilaku cyberbullying yang mengacu pada aspek-aspek perilaku cyberbullying Willard (2007) yang dikembangkan oleh Larasati dan Fitria (2016), dan alat ukur kecerdasan emosional adalah skala Goleman’s refinement model of emotional intelligence dari Goleman (2001) yang dikembangkan oleh Khaili (2011). Hasil analisis regresi sederhana menunjukkan adanya pengaruh kecerdasan emosional terhadap perilaku cyberbullying, dimana kecerdasan emosional menurunkan perilaku cyberbullying. Disimpulkan bahwa semakin tinggi kecerdasan emosional yang dimiliki maka akan semakin rendah juga perilaku cyberbullying yang terjadi, dan begitupun sebaliknya.
How Large Is the Pay Premium from Executive Incentive Compensation?
Authors: Albuquerque Ana , Albuquerque Rui , Carter Mary Ellen , Dong Qi 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT
We estimate the pay premium associated with CEO incentive compensation. Using explicit detailed U.S. CEO compensation contract data and simulation analysis, we find that CEOs with riskier pay packages receive a premium for pay at risk that represents 13.5 percent of total pay. The premium is positively correlated with proxies for CEO risk aversion, but implied risk aversion values suggest that the premium is economically smaller than suggested by prior studies. We perform our tests using a variety of proxies to measure the variance of pay and find consistent evidence of economically small pay risk premiums. These results are consistent with recent findings suggesting that risk may have a more limited influence over the level of pay than previously thought.
Data Availability: Data are available from the public sources cited in the text.
JEL Classifications: D81; G30; J33.
Acute Effects of Vibrating Insoles on Dynamic Balance and Gait Quality in Individuals With Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: A Randomized Crossover Study
Authors: Orlando Giorgio , Brown Steven , Jude Edward , Bowling Frank L. , Boulton Andrew J.M. , Reeves Neil D. 
Published: March 2024

OBJECTIVE
This study investigated the effects of vibrating insoles on dynamic balance and gait quality during level and stair walking and explored the influence of vibration type and frequency in individuals with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS
Twenty-two men with DPN were assessed for gait quality and postural and dynamic balance during walking and stair negotiation using a motion capture system and force plates across seven vibratory insole conditions (Vcs) versus a control (Ctrl) condition (insole without vibration). Vibration was applied during standing and walking tasks, and 15-min rest-stop periods without vibration were interposed between conditions. Repeated measures test conditions were randomized. The primary outcomes were gait speed and dynamic balance.

RESULTS
Gait speed during walking significantly improved in all Vcs compared with Ctrl (P &lt; 0.005), with Vc2, Vc4, and Vc6 identified as the most effective. Gait speed increased (reflecting faster walking) during stair ascent and descent in Vc2 (Ctrl vs. Vc2 for ascent 0.447 ± 0.180 vs. 0.517 ± 0.127 m/s; P = 0.037 and descent 0.394 ± 0.170 vs. 0.487 ± 0.125 m/s; P = 0.016), Vc4 (Ctrl vs. Vc4 for ascent 0.447 ± 0.180 vs. 0.482 ± 0.197 m/s; P = 0.047 and descent 0.394 ± 0.170 vs. 0.438 ± 0.181 m/s; P = 0.017), and Vc6 (Ctrl vs. Vc6 for ascent 0.447 ± 0.180 vs. 0.506 ± 0.179 m/s; P = 0.043 and descent 0.394 ± 0.170 vs. 0.463 ± 0.159 m/s; P = 0.026). Postural balance improved during quiet standing with eyes closed in Vc2, Vc4, Vc6, and Vc7 (P &lt; 0.005).

CONCLUSIONS
Vibrating insoles are an effective acute strategy for improving postural balance and gait quality during level walking and stair descent in individuals with DPN. These benefits are particularly evident when the entire plantar foot surface is stimulated.
Las formas lógicas reales correspondientes a las diez interpretaciones del condicional
Authors: López Astorga Miguel 
Published: March 2024

Este trabajo explora la idea de una sintaxis del pensamiento propuesta por teorías como la de la lógica mental. Teniendo en cuenta que tal sintaxis, como es descrita por dicha teoría, puede tener algunos problemas, se ofrece aquí una posible sintaxis alternativa de ese tipo basada exclusivamente en conjunciones, disyunciones y negaciones. Esta sintaxis alternativa se estudia principalmente con respecto al caso del razonamiento condicional y sigue la teoría de los modelos mentales, esto es, de un marco que considera la semántica más relevante que la sintaxis y que es, en principio, incompatible con la teoría de la lógica mental.
El matrimonio como experiencia temporal. La constitución sacramental versus la constitución contractual del significado de la comunidad conyugal
Authors: Szalay Mátyás 
Published: March 2024

En un contexto cristiano, el significado sagrado de la temporalidad está claramente ejemplificado por la vida marital. Es posible argumentar tanto en el nivel teológico como en el filosófico que reflexionar sobre el matrimonio (que es la relación interhumana más alta y fuerte) puede proveernos de intuiciones esenciales sobre cómo la experiencia de la temporalidad está co-constituida interpersonalmente.
El objetivo de este trabajo es encontrar una manera de interpretar la experiencia de la temporalidad moldeada por el matrimonio, i.e., co-constituida por la relación con el amado, con la finalidad de unificar la vida fragmentada.
Determinado en dirección a la libertad: Un análisis del capítulo cuarto de El concepto de la angustia de S. Kierkegaard
Authors: Rodríguez Pablo  Uriel 
Published: March 2024

El artículo analiza el capítulo cuarto de El concepto de la angustia («La angustia del pecado o laangustia como consecuencia del pecado en el individuo singular»), publicado en 1844 por Vigilius Haufniensis. Este capítulo contiene algunas de las más relevantes (y menos investigadas) páginas de la prolífica obra filosófico-literaria de Kierkegaard. La tesis principal del presente trabajo es que la exposición psicológica de la «angustia ante el bien» (lo demoníaco) pone de manifiesto la existencia de un impulso a la libertad en el ser humano.