bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Traumatic lateral patellar luxation in a dog
Authors: Simpson Matthew , Banks Charlotte Louise , Frykfors von Hekkel Anna , Watton Thom , Meeson Richard 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA 2‐year‐old, female, entire, German shepherd dog presented for investigation of non‐weight‐bearing right hindlimb lameness following a suspected road traffic accident 1 day prior. Orthopaedic examination confirmed right lateral patellar luxation. Stifle radiographs revealed normal patella positioning with stifle joint effusion and periarticular soft tissue swelling. A surgical approach to the stifle was performed via a craniomedial parapatellar incision. A 10 cm proximodistal tear was present in the medial retinacular muscular fascia, vastus medialis, medial parapatellar fibrocartilage and joint capsule. The soft tissues were meticulously reconstructed using absorbable monofilament sutures. Surgical repair of the traumatised medial soft tissues allowed for complete resolution of the traumatic lateral patellar luxation. Moderate right hindlimb lameness persisted immediately postoperatively and improved to only a mild lameness before discharge (4 days postoperatively). The dog returned to normal exercise, with no lameness or postoperative complications reported at short‐ or long‐term follow‐up (42 and 424 days, respectively).
Radiative Metamaterials Based on Effective-Medium Theory
Authors: Tan Haohan , Xu Liujun 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThermal metamaterials have made significant advancements in the past few decades. However, the concept of thermal metamaterials is primarily rooted in the thermal conduction mechanism, which has consequently restricted their application scope. It is imperative to consider thermal radiation, another crucial thermal transport mechanism, particularly in high-temperature regimes, when designing thermal devices. In this chapter, we present the advancements in this area, with a specific focus on research conducted using the effective-medium theory. Additionally, we explore the potential applications of radiative thermal metamaterials and discuss prospective research directions from a microscopic perspective for future investigations.
Diffusion Approximation and Metamaterial Design of Thermal Radiation
Authors: Yang Fu-Bao , Huang Ji-Ping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIn recent years, there has been a growing interest in the design and application of metamaterials, especially in achieving unique physical properties.Transformation theory, as a powerful tool, has been actively employed not only in the realm of wave systems, such as electromagnetic waves but also in diffusion systems, including thermal diffusion, mass diffusion, and plasmonic diffusion.This chapter delves into the forefront of metamaterial design, emphasizing the significance of radiative heat transfer in this field and how the clever integration of transformation theory with the Rosseland diffusion approximation opens up innovative avenues for metamaterial design. We will also focus on novel approaches to achieving thermal camouflage, laying a solid foundation for future technological developments. Since the Rosseland diffusion approximation primarily addresses far-field problems, this article will further introduce a range of different types of metamaterials, covering near-field and far-field applications to cater to various domain-specific requirements. Special attention will be given to applications in radiative cooling and thermophotovoltaic systems, exploring how metamaterial design can enhance the performance of these systems. Finally, we will summarize the key findings of this article, encompassing other metamaterial designs relevant to radiative heat transfer and thermal conduction. We will also propose some promising directions for future research, offering a glimpse into the potential impact of metamaterials in the fields of science and engineering.
Diffusion Metamaterials: Basic Simulation Methods
Authors: Jin Peng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractRecent theoretical advances have spurred the development of metamaterials endowed with exceptional thermal properties. Traditional approaches, however, falter when applied to irregular geometries. The application of coordinate transformation theory necessitates metamaterials that exhibit inhomogeneous and anisotropic properties, a demand that natural materials struggle to meet. Fortunately, cutting-edge simulation techniques are poised to bridge this gap, enabling the use of bulk materials. This chapter delves into the most prominent simulation strategies that harness intelligent algorithms for the creation of metamaterials, and evaluates their efficacy through finite element analysis. These algorithm-driven designs promise to significantly broaden the adaptability, functionality, and flexibility of metamaterials beyond the constraints of conventional configurations.
Entanglement entropy of two disjoint intervals and spin structures in interacting chains in and out of equilibrium
Authors: Marić Vanja , Bocini Saverio , Fagotti Maurizio 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We take the paradigm of interacting spin chains, the Heisenberg spin-$$ \frac{1}{2} $$

1
2

XXZ model, as a reference system and consider interacting models that are related to it by Jordan-Wigner transformations and restrictions to sub-chains. An example is the fermionic analogue of the gapless XXZ Hamiltonian, which, in a continuum scaling limit, is described by the massless Thirring model. We work out the Rényi-α entropies of disjoint blocks in the ground state and extract the universal scaling functions describing the Rényi-α tripartite information in the limit of infinite lengths. We consider also the von Neumann entropy, but only in the limit of large distance. We show how to use the entropies of spin blocks to unveil the spin structures of the underlying massless Thirring model. Finally, we speculate about the tripartite information after global quenches and conjecture its asymptotic behaviour in the limit of infinite time and small quench. The resulting conjecture for the “residual tripartite information”, which corresponds to the limit in which the intervals’ lengths are infinitely larger than their (large) distance, supports the claim of universality recently made studying noninteracting spin chains. Our mild assumptions imply that the residual tripartite information after a small quench of the anisotropy in the gapless phase of XXZ is equal to − log 2.
New physics in the third generation. A comprehensive SMEFT analysis and future prospects
Authors: Allwicher Lukas , Cornella Claudia , Isidori Gino , Stefanek Ben A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
We present a comprehensive analysis of electroweak, flavor, and collider bounds on the complete set of dimension-six SMEFT operators in the U(2)5-symmetric limit. This operator basis provides a consistent framework to describe a wide class of new physics models and, in particular, the motivated class of models where the new degrees of freedom couple mostly to the third generation. By analyzing observables from all three sectors, and consistently including renormalization group evolution, we provide bounds on the effective scale of all 124 U(2)5-invariant operators. The relation between flavor-conserving and flavor-violating observables is analyzed taking into account the leading U(2)5 breaking in the Yukawa sector, which is responsible for heavy-light quark mixing. We show that under simple, motivated, and non-tuned hypotheses for the parametric size of the Wilson coefficients at the high scale, all present bounds are consistent with an effective scale as low as 1.5 TeV. We also show that a future circular e+e− collider program such as FCC-ee would push most of these bounds by an order of magnitude. This would rule out or provide clear evidence for a wide class of compelling new physics models that are fully compatible with present data.
Lebensqualität, Krankheitslast und Versorgungsbedarf von Patienten mit Vitiligo
Authors: Augustin Matthias , Gewiss Caroline , Ben-Anaya Nesrine , Böhm Markus 
Published: March 2024

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Vitiligo ist mit einer Prävalenz von 0,5–2,0 % eine der weltweit häufigsten Hauterkrankungen mit einem Verlust des Pigments. Die Hauterkrankung hat einen entstellenden, oft stigmatisierenden Charakter und ist oft mit psychosozialen Belastungen assoziiert.

Zielsetzung
Es erfolgt eine Übersicht über die psychosoziale Beeinträchtigung, Krankheitslast und den resultierenden Versorgungsbedarf von Patienten mit Vitiligo.

Material und Methoden
Es handelt sich um eine narrative Übersichtsarbeit auf der Grundlage einer Literaturrecherche in PubMed für die Jahre 1996 bis 2022 zu den Themen Krankheitslast, Lebensqualität und Stigmatisierung.

Ergebnisse
Die Recherche ergab für den Suchzeitraum 175 relevante Originalarbeiten inklusive klinischer Studien, Metaanalysen und systematischer Übersichtsarbeiten (n = 65). Dabei dokumentiert eine Vielzahl an Studien, dass Vitiligo bei den Betroffenen mit erheblichen psychosozialen Belastungen und relevanten Einbußen an Lebensqualität einhergeht. Problembereiche betreffen insbesondere Stigmatisierung, sexuelle Funktionsstörungen, Angst, vermindertes Selbstwertgefühl und Probleme im Beruf. Das beobachtete erhöhte Ausmaß von Angst und Depressionen korreliert mit der Schwere und Aktivität der Vitiligo. Oft trägt auch Komorbidität zur weiteren Krankheitslast bei. Diese Faktoren determinieren bei einem relevanten Teil der Betroffenen einen hohen Versorgungsbedarf.

Diskussion
Die Vitiligo stellt nicht in erster Linie ein kosmetisches Problem dar, sondern eine behandlungsbedürftige Erkrankung im Sinne der Definition der Weltgesundheitsorganisation von Gesundheit als körperliches, geistiges und soziales Wohlbefinden. Die Nutzen von Behandlungsoptionen sind an ihren Effekten auf patientenberichtete Endpunkte zu messen.

Graphic abstract
Simultaneous film temperature and film thickness measurements for jet impingement applications using two-color laser-induced fluorescence
Authors: Koegl Matthias , Mil‘to Nikita , Zigan Lars 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe study investigates a jet impingement cooling process of a cylindrical geometry relevant for electric and electronic applications. The applied two-color detection technique enables a simultaneous determination of film temperature and film thickness. For this purpose, the heat transfer oil Marlotherm LH was doped with the temperature-sensitive fluorescence tracer nile red. The temperature determination was realized by suitable band pass filters. Preliminary spectral investigations were carried out in terms of varying dye concentration, temperature and film thickness. At high dye concentrations (up to 37.5 mg/L), reabsorption effects lead to a spectral shift toward higher wavelengths with increasing film thickness. Low dye concentrations (0.29 mg/L, 0.59 mg/L) show no film thickness dependent spectral shift. A film temperature investigation at low dye concentration showed no bias of the intensity ratio due to film thickness, i.e., no additional spectral shift toward lower wavelengths was observed. The investigations on the jet impingement setup revealed an increasing film temperature and decreasing film thickness with increasing solid temperature. The average film temperature increases with increasing solid temperature from 298 (solid temperature 298 K) to 308 K (solid temperature 398 K). At higher solid temperatures, the film temperature increases with distance to the stagnation zone. The average film thickness decreases with increasing solid temperature from 0.24 to 0.17 mm. At high solid temperatures, the film temperature increased with radial distance to the stagnation zone. This behavior is caused by the increasing temperature gradient with increasing solid temperature and decreasing viscosity with increasing film temperature.
Sex-specific structural and functional cardiac remodeling during healthy aging assessed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance
Authors: Grassow Leonhard , Gröschel Jan , Saad Hadil , Krüger Leo Dyke , Kuhnt Johanna , Müller Maximilian , Hadler Thomas , Blaszczyk Edyta , Schulz-Menger Jeanette 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Aging as a major non-modifiable cardiac risk factor challenges future cardiovascular medicine and economic demands, which requires further assessments addressing physiological age-associated cardiac changes.

Objectives
Using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), this study aims to characterize sex-specific ventricular adaptations during healthy aging.

Methods
The population included healthy volunteers who underwent CMR at 1.5 or 3 Tesla scanners applying cine-imaging with a short-axis coverage of the left (LV) and right (RV) ventricle. The cohort was divided by sex (female and male) and age (subgroups in years): 1 (19–29), 2 (30–39), 3 (40–49), and 4 (≥50). Cardiac adaptations were quantitatively assessed by CMR indices.

Results
After the exclusion of missing or poor-quality CMR datasets or diagnosed disease, 140 of 203 volunteers were part of the final analysis. Women generally had smaller ventricular dimensions and LV mass, but higher biventricular systolic function. There was a significant age-associated decrease in ventricular dimensions as well as a significant increase in LV mass-to-volume ratio (LV-MVR, concentricity) in both sexes (LV-MVR in g/ml: age group 1 vs. 4: females 0.50 vs. 0.57, p=0.016, males 0.56 vs. 0.67, p=0.024). LV stroke volume index decreased significantly with age in both sexes, but stronger for men than for women (in ml/m2: age group 1 vs. 4: females 51.76 vs. 41.94, p<0.001, males 55.31 vs. 40.78, p<0.001). Ventricular proportions (RV-to-LV-volume ratio) were constant between the age groups in both sexes.

Conclusions
In both sexes, healthy aging was associated with an increase in concentricity and a decline in ventricular dimensions. Furthermore, relevant age-related sex differences in systolic LV performance were observed.

Graphical Abstract
↓, decrease; ↑, increase; ±, maintaining. Abbreviations: CMR, cardiovascular magnetic resonance; EDV, end-diastolic volume; EF, ejection fraction; LV, left ventricle; MVR, mass-to-volume ratio; RV, right ventricle; SVI, stroke volume index; T, Tesla; VR, volume ratio.
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with significant septal hypertrophy
Authors: Beyer Martin , Demal Till Joscha , Bhadra Oliver D. , Linder Matthias , Ludwig Sebastian , Grundmann David , Voigtlaender-Buschmann Lisa , Waldschmidt Lara , Schirmer Johannes , Schofer Niklas , Pecha Simon , Blankenberg Stefan , Reichenspurner Hermann , Conradi Lenard , Seiffert Moritz , Schaefer Andreas 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
Previous reports suggest septal hypertrophy with an interventricular septum depth (IVSD) ≥ 14 mm may adversely affect outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) due to suboptimal valve placement, valve migration, or residual increased LVOT pressure gradients.

Aims
This analysis investigates the impact of interventricular septal hypertrophy on acute outcomes after TAVI.

Methods
Between 2009 and 2021, 1033 consecutive patients (55.8% male, 80.5 ± 6.7 years, EuroSCORE II 6.3 ± 6.5%) with documented IVSD underwent TAVI at our center and were included for analysis. Baseline, periprocedural, and 30-day outcome parameters of patients with normal IVSD (< 14 mm; group 1) and increased IVSD (≥ 14 mm; group 2) were compared. Data were retrospectively analyzed according to updated Valve Academic Research Consortium-3 (VARC-3) definitions. Comparison of outcome parameters was adjusted for baseline differences between groups using logistic and linear regression analyses.

Results
Of 1033 patients, 585 and 448 patients were allocated to groups 1 and 2, respectively. There was no significant difference between groups regarding transfemoral access rate (82.6% (n = 478) vs. 86.0% (n = 381), p = 0.157). Postprocedural mean transvalvular pressure gradient was significantly increased in group 2 (group 1, 7.8 ± 4.1 mmHg, vs. group 2, 8.9 ± 4.9 mmHg, p = 0.046). Despite this finding, there was no significant difference between groups regarding the rates of VARC-3 adjudicated composite endpoint device success (90.0% (n = 522) vs. 87.6% (n = 388), p = 0.538) or technical success (92.6% (n = 542) vs. 92.6% (n = 415), p = 0.639). Moreover, the groups showed no significant differences regarding the rates of paravalvular leakage ≥ moderate (3.1% (n = 14) vs. 2.6% (n = 9), p = 0.993), postprocedural permanent pacemaker implantation (13.4% (n = 77) vs. 13.8% (n = 61), p = 0.778), or 30-day mortality (5.1% (n = 30) vs. 4.5% (n = 20), p = 0.758).

Conclusion
Although transvalvular mean pressure gradients were significantly higher in patients with increased IVSD after TAVI, acute outcomes were comparable between groups suggesting no early impact of adverse hemodynamics due to elevated IVSD. However, how these differences in hemodynamic findings may affect mid- and long-term outcomes, especially in terms of valve durability, needs to be evaluated in further investigations.

Graphical Abstract
Fibrosing colonopathy associated with cysteamine bitartrate delayed-release capsules in cystinosis patients
Authors: Kishk Omayma A. , Kim Ivone , Cheng Carmen , Summan Mukesh , Muñoz Monica A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
Background
The objective of this report is to identify and characterize cases of fibrosing colonopathy, a rare and underrecognized adverse event, associated with cysteamine delayed-release (DR) in patients with nephropathic cystinosis.

Methods
We searched the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) and the medical literature for postmarketing reports of fibrosing colonopathy associated with cysteamine through August 2, 2023.

Results
We identified four cases of fibrosing colonopathy reported with the use of cysteamine DR. The time to onset ranged from 12 to 31 months. In one case, the patient required surgery to have a resection of a section of the strictured colon and a diverting ileostomy. Fibrosing colonopathy was diagnosed by histopathology in two of the cases.

Conclusions
Our case series identified the risk of fibrosing colonopathy in patients taking cysteamine DR and prompted regulatory action by the FDA. As outlined in changes to the U.S. prescribing information for cysteamine DR, healthcare professionals should be aware of the potential risk of fibrosing colonopathy with cysteamine DR, especially as symptoms can be non-specific leading to misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis. If the diagnosis of fibrosing colonopathy is confirmed, consideration should be given to permanently discontinuing cysteamine DR and switching to cysteamine immediate-release treatment.

Graphical abstract
Thermal pre-treatment of reactive aluminium alloy waste powders
Authors: Biabani Roya , Ferrari Piero , Vaccari Mentore 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis study focussed on assessing the efficiency of thermal pre-treatment of Al alloy waste powders to facilitate their subsequent treatment and disposal. Five samples originating from aluminium surface finishing industries underwent thermogravimetric analyses and were subjected to a laboratory tub furnace. Four set temperatures (450, 475, 500, 525 °C) for the tubular furnace were selected based on the TG results. Using sequential images of the sample inside the tubular furnace, the ignition delay time was calculated. In addition, the efficiencies of medium-temperature thermal pre-treatment were determined using the gas volume method. The shot blasting samples (S1 and S2) exhibited shorter ignition delay times compared to the sandblasting (S3) and one of the polishing samples (S4). The influence of ZnO alloy content on the ignition delay time was investigated, revealing that the ignition delay time decreased with an increase in ZnO alloy content. The raw and pre-treated materials were analysed for morphology, composition and reactivity. The pre-treatment efficiency of the samples improved, especially with a retention time longer than the ignition delay of the samples. Recommendations for the storage and handling of pre-treated products were provided.
Notes on random optimal control equilibrium problem via stochastic inverse variational inequalities
Authors: Barbagallo Annamaria , Pansera Bruno Antonio , Ferrara Massimiliano 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe main objective of the paper is to analyze how policymakers influence the random oligopolistic market equilibrium problem. To this purpose, random optimal control equilibrium conditions are introduced. Since the random optimal regulatory tax is characterized by a stochastic inverse variational inequality, existence and well-posedness results on such an inequality are proved. At last a numerical example is discussed.
Ethno-Racial Inequities of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Implications and Recommendations for Mental Health Professionals
Authors: Dailey Stephanie F. , Talleyrand Regine M. , Goodman Rachael D. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has disproportionately impacted Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) communities due to systemic health disparities based on race, ethnicity, and systemic inequities. Among extent literature on BIPOC mental health and COVID-19, there is a pressing need for culturally responsive, trauma-informed treatment approaches that go beyond the broader impacts of the pandemic or immediate pandemic-related concerns and address the persisting impacts of the COVID-19 on BIPOC mental health. To this end, our article aims to equip professional counselors with the necessary tools to serve BIPOC clients more effectively by (1) understanding the ethno-racial inequities of the COVID-19 pandemic, (2) assessing the intersectional dimensions of stress and trauma associated with COVID-19, and (3) employing therapeutic approaches to promote physical and mental well-being in BIPOC clients.
A strategic approach to bankruptcy problems based on the TAL family of rules
Authors: Bouwhuis Dirck , Borm Peter , Hendrickx Ruud 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis paper analyzes bankruptcy problems from a strategic perspective using the parameterized TAL family of bankruptcy rules. We construct a strategic game where every player selects a parameter, and the rule from the TAL family that corresponds to the mean of the chosen parameters is used to divide the estate. We prove the existence of Nash equilibria for this strategic game. In particular, we provide the set of all Nash equilibria for two players, and for more players, we prove existence by constructing a Nash equilibrium of a particular form based on the notion of a pivotal player.
Current pharmacologic treatment of brain metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer
Authors: Okuno Takae , Isobe Takeshi , Tsubata Yukari 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLung cancer is a type of cancer that can metastasize to the lungs, brain, bones, liver, adrenal glands, and other organs; however, the occurrence of brain metastases is the most common event. Symptoms of brain metastasis include motor dysfunction, mental dysfunction, seizures, headaches, nausea, and vomiting, and significantly reduce the quality of life of cancer patients. Brain metastases are a poor prognostic factor, and controlling them is extremely important for prolonging prognosis and improving the quality of life. Currently, local surgery and radiotherapy are recommended for their treatment. However, recently, cancer treatments using molecular-targeted drugs and immune checkpoint inhibitors have been introduced, which may also be effective against brain metastases. Therefore, it is necessary to determine whether local or systemic therapy is optimal for each case. In this review, we focus on recent findings regarding drug therapy in treating brain metastases from advanced non-small cell lung cancer.