bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Valuing information and options: an experimental study
Authors: Delquié Philippe 
Published: October 2007

AbstractParticipants in four studies were faced with everyday‐life decision scenarios involving risk, such as purchasing an airline ticket whose price may change. They were asked to state their maximum willingness to pay (WTP) for resolving the uncertainty with either perfect information or an option. The two are strategically equivalent, therefore, should be valued in the same way. Across all experiments, individuals tend to value the option more than the information. In addition, the distributions of responses reveal frequent and gross violations of normative bounds. Contrary to normative predictions, no relationship is found between individuals' valuation of the gamble and their reported WTP for information or option. Furthermore, although participants pay attention to the probabilities of outcomes in valuing the gambles, they ignore the probabilities in valuing uncertainty resolution. Several reasoning heuristics that participants use to come up with a value of information are identified, and it appears that the Information and Option contexts tend to trigger different heuristics. Shift in reference point and regret are consistent with the Information–Option valuation discrepancy. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The recognition heuristic in memory‐based inference: is recognition a non‐compensatory cue?
Authors: Pachur Thorsten , Bröder Arndt , Marewski Julian N. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe recognition heuristic makes the strong claim that probabilistic inferences in which a recognized object is compared to an unrecognized one are made solely on the basis of whether the objects are recognized or not, ignoring all other available cues. This claim has been seriously challenged by a number of studies that have shown a clear effect of additional cue knowledge. In most of these studies, either recognition knowledge was acquired during the experiment, and/or additional cues were provided to participants. However, the recognition heuristic is more likely to be a tool for exploiting natural (rather than induced) recognition when inferences have to be made from memory. In our study on natural recognition and inferences from memory, around 85% of the inferences followed recognition information even when participants had learned three cues that contradicted recognition and when some of the contradictory cues were deemed more valid than recognition. Nevertheless, there were strong individual differences in the use of recognition. Whereas about half of the participants chose the recognized object regardless of the number of conflicting cues—suggestive of the hypothesized noncompensatory processing of recognition—the remaining participants were influenced by the additional knowledge. The former group of participants also tended to give higher estimates of recognition's validity. In addition, we found that the use of recognition for an inference may be affected by whether additional cue knowledge has been learned outside or within the experimental setting. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Probing the link between narcissism and gambling: the mediating role of judgment and decision‐making biases
Authors: Lakey Chad E. , Rose Paul , Campbell W. Keith , Goodie Adam S. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractIn this paper, three studies link narcissism to gambling in general, and gambling‐related problems in particular, and the predictive link is shown to be mediated by judgment and decision processes. In Study 1, we demonstrate that narcissism relates to greater self‐reported gambling frequency and gambling‐related monetary expenditures in two samples. We extend these initial findings in Study 2 by showing that narcissism predicts higher reports of gambling‐related pathology, as measured with a DSM‐IV‐based pathological gambling (PG) screen. Finally, we demonstrate in Study 3 that the link between gambling pathology and narcissism is partially mediated by narcissists' overconfidence, heightened risk acceptance, and myopic focus on reward, as measured by participants' behavioral performance on the Georgia Gambling Task (GGT) and Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). Discussion focuses on the empirical validation of the long‐assumed narcissism–gambling link, the decision processes that underlie this link, and relations between narcissists' self‐perceptions and their self‐defeating behavior, especially in risk‐relevant contexts. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Subjective valuation and asymmetrical motivational systems: implications of scope insensitivity for decision making
Authors: Desmeules Rémi , Bechara Antoine , Dubé Laurette 
Published: October 2007

AbstractStudies using the Iowa Gambling Task have revealed individual differences in performance on the task. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that approach and avoidance motivations influence decision making through the process of subjective valuation. We examined the implications of a high sensitivity to gains or losses from two perspectives which we labeled scalar multiplication and valuation by feeling. Using two versions of the Iowa Gambling Task, we find evidence supporting the view that asymmetry in the systems regulating approach and avoidance leads to systematic biases that translate to differences in performance. Specifically, we find that high sensitivity in the Behavioral Activation System (BAS) translates to valuation by feeling and insensitivity to scope in the domain of gains, while high sensitivity in the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) translates to valuation by feeling and insensitivity to scope in the domain of losses. The basis for these findings is discussed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Getting scarred and winning lotteries: effects of exemplar cuing and statistical format on imagining low‐probability events
Authors: Newell Ben R. , Mitchell Chris J. , Hayes Brett K. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThree experiments tested the exemplar cuing and frequency format accounts of how the ‘imaginability’ of low‐probability events is enhanced. The experiments manipulated imaginability by varying the statistics used to describe negative (e.g. being scarred as a result of laser surgery) and positive (e.g. winning a lottery) low‐probability events. The results strongly supported the frequency format account, whereby imaginability is enhanced through the use of frequency formats for conveying statistical information (e.g. 20 out of 2000 as opposed to 0.01%). However, only limited support was found for exemplar cuing (EC) theory. Overall the results support the claim that the imaginability of outcomes plays a key role in thinking about low‐probability events, but question the mechanisms specified by EC theory for mediating such effects. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Ydj1 but not Sis1 stabilizes Hsp70 protein under prolonged stress in vitro
Authors: Tutar Lütfi , Tutar Yusuf 
Published: November 2007

AbstractYeast cytosol has two important co‐chaperons; Ydj1 and Sis1. Genetic experiments showed that Ydj1 is not essential for viability; however, cells lacking it grow very poorly at 30°C or unable to grow at extreme temperatures. On the other hand, Sis1 is an essential protein and apparently plays a functional role at assembly or disassembly of protein complexes. Stability experiments revealed that only Ydj1‐protected Hsp70 proteins can hydrolyze ATP under prolonged stress. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Biopolymers 89: 171–174, 2008.This article was originally published online as an accepted preprint. The “Published Online” date corresponds to the preprint version. You can request a copy of the preprint by emailing the Biopolymers editorial office at biopolymers@wiley.com
Synergy between erythropoietin and stem cell factor during erythropoiesis can be quantitatively described without co‐signaling effects
Authors: Wang WeiJia , Horner Daniel N. , Chen Wen Li Kelly , Zandstra Peter W. , Audet Julie 
Published: October 2007

AbstractSynergistic interactions between cytokines underlie developmental processes fundamental to tissue and cellular engineering. However, a mechanistic understanding of the cell‐specific and population‐mediated effects is often lacking. In this study, we have investigated the synergistic generation of erythroid cells in response to erythropoietin (EPO) and stem cell factor (SCF). We have used a quantitative approach to determine if the effects of EPO and SCF superpose in a supra‐additive fashion on the cell proliferation rate or on the death rate, suggesting a contribution from a joint cytokine effect (co‐signaling). Primary mouse bone marrow hematopoietic cells and the stem cell‐like FDCP‐mix cell line were used to investigate the effects of EPO and SCF (individually or in combination) on erythroid output. Carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE)‐based cell‐division tracking and mathematical modeling were used to measure cell type‐specific proliferation and death rates. We observed a significant synergistic effect of EPO and SCF on the net generation of benzidine positive (erythroid) colony‐forming cells, CD71++ (early erythroblasts) cells and TER‐119+ (late erythroblasts and reticulocytes) cells in culture. When the observed increases in cell number were decomposed into proliferation and death rates, the cytokines were shown to act independently at different stages of erythroid development; SCF promoted the early proliferation of primitive cells, while EPO primarily promoted the survival of differentiating erythroid progenitor cells. Our analysis demonstrates that EPO and SCF have distinct and predominantly sequential effects on erythroid differentiation. This study emphasizes the necessity to separate proliferation rates from death rates to understand apparent cytokine synergies. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 1261–1272. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Optimizing normoxic conditions in liver devices using enhanced gel matrices
Authors: Niu Mei , Clemens Mark G. , Coger Robin N. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractFor in vitro liver replacement devices, such as packed bed bioreactors, to maintain the essential functions of the liver, they must at least successfully support hepatocytes, the parenchymal cell of the liver. In vivo, the liver is a major consumer of oxygen. Hence it is unsurprising that the limited transport distance of oxygen (O2) governs the dimensions of the cellular space of engineered devices. Because cellular space capacity directly affects the device's performance, O2 transport is a critical issue in the scale up of bioreactor designs. In the current investigation, the microporosity of the extracellular matrix (ECM) has been modified to further improve O2 transport in packed bed devices beyond that previously reported in the literature. These improvements to the O2 enhancement technique enabled O2 transport distances of 481.7 ± 12.5 µm to be achieved under acellular conditions; and distances of 418.1 ± 6.0 µm to be attained in the presence of 1 million hepatocytes. Both values are significantly greater than the 170 µm baseline attained when 106 hepatocytes are packed within normal non‐enhanced ECM gels. The study's results also illustrate that the O2 enhancement technique has the added benefit of preventing regions of severe hypoxia and hyperoxia from developing within the cellular space. As such, enhanced ECM gels enable packed hepatocytes to maintain better hepatocellular metabolic status than is possible with normal non‐enhanced gels. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 1502–1512. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Biomass‐supported palladium catalysts on Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and Rhodobacter sphaeroides
Authors: Redwood Mark D. , Deplanche Kevin , Baxter‐Plant Victoria S. , Macaskie Lynne E. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA Rhodobacter sphaeroides‐supported dried, ground palladium catalyst (“Rs‐Pd(0)”) was compared with a Desulfovibrio desulfuricans‐supported catalyst (“Dd‐Pd(0)”) and with unsupported palladium metal particles made by reduction under H2 (“Chem‐Pd(0)”). Cell surface‐located clusters of Pd(0) nanoparticles were detected on both D. desulfuricans and R. sphaeroides but the size and location of deposits differed among comparably loaded preparations. These differences may underlie the observation of different activities of Dd‐Pd(0) and Rs‐Pd(0) when compared with respect to their ability to promote hydrogen release from hypophosphite and to catalyze chloride release from chlorinated aromatic compounds. Dd‐Pd(0) was more effective in the reductive dehalogenation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), whereas Rs‐Pd(0) was more effective in the initial dehalogenation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) although the rate of chloride release from PCP was comparable with both preparations after 2 h. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 1045–1054. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Stable immobilization of rat hepatocytes as hemispheroids onto collagen‐conjugated poly‐dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces: Importance of direct oxygenation through PDMS for both formation and function
Authors: Nishikawa Masaki , Yamamoto Takatoki , Kojima Nobuhiko , Kikuo Komori , Fujii Teruo , Sakai Yasuyuki 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe highly oxygen‐permeable material, poly‐dimethylsiloxane (PDMS), has the potential to be applied to cell culture microdevices, but cell detachment from PDMS has been a major problem. In this study, we demonstrate that a combination of collagen covalently immobilized PDMS and an adequate oxygen supply enables the establishment of a stable, attached spheroid (hemispheroid) culture of rat hepatocytes. The bottom PDMS surfaces were first treated with oxygen plasma, then coupled with aminosilane followed by a photoreactive crosslinker, and they were finally reacted with a collagen solution. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and contact angle measurements showed that the covalent immobilization of collagen on the surface occurred only where the crosslinker had been introduced. On the collagen‐conjugated PDMS surface, rat hepatocytes organized themselves into hemispheroids and maintained the viability and a remarkably high albumin production at least for 2 weeks of culture. In contrast, hepatocytes on the other types of PDMS surfaces formed suspended spheroids that had low albumin production. In addition, we showed that blocking the oxygen supply through the bottom PDMS surface inhibited the formation of hemispheroids and the augmentation of hepatocellular function. These results show that appropriate surface modification of PDMS is a promising approach towards the development of liver tissue microdevices. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 1472–1481. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A novel method for dissolution and stabilization of non‐mulberry silk gland protein fibroin using anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate
Authors: Mandal Biman B. , Kundu S. C. 
Published: October 2007

AbstractThe importance of silk protein has increased because of its potential use as a natural biopolymer for tissue engineering and biomedical applications. In this report we show a novel and ecofriendly method for dissolution of gland silk protein fibroin. Non‐mulberry silk fibroin from mature fifth instar larvae of Antheraea mylitta was found to be optimally soluble in 1% (w/v) anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Regenerated fibroin showed distinct bands of approximately 395 and 197 kDa on electrophoresis in non‐reducing and reducing conditions, respectively. Enhanced fibroin dissolution via internalization of hydrophobic amino groups inside a hydrophilic amino acid core in the form of micelles was observed. Prolonged storage stability without gelation of SDS‐extracted fibroin was seen. Atomic force microscopy showed micellar aggregation with mean micellar aggregation size of 8 nm. Circular dichroism spectroscopy revealed predominantly helical conformation due to surfactant addition with internal protein conformational changes as revealed by fluorescence spectroscopic studies. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 1482–1489. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Sustainable decontamination of an actual‐site aged PCB‐polluted soil through a biosurfactant‐based washing followed by a photocatalytic treatment
Authors: Occulti Fabio , Roda Giovanni Camera , Berselli Sara , Fava Fabio 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA two phases process consisting of a soya lecithin (SL)‐based soil washing process followed by the photocatalytic treatment of resulting effluents was developed and applied at the laboratory scale in the remediation of an actual‐site soil historically contaminated by 0.65 g/kg of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Triton X‐100 (TX) was employed in the same process as a control surfactant. SL and TX, both applied as 2.25 g/L aqueous solutions, displayed a comparable ability to remove PCBs from the soil. However, SL solution displayed a lower ecotoxicity, a lower ability to mobilize soil constituents and a higher soil detoxification capacity with respect to the TX one. The photocatalytic treatment resulted in marked depletions (from 50% to 70%) of total organic carbon (TOC) and PCBs initially occurring in the SL and TX contaminated effluents. Despite the ability of SL to adversely affect the rate of TOC and PCB photodegradation, higher PCB depletion and dechlorination yields along with lower increases of ecotoxicity were observed in SL‐containing effluents with respect to the TX ones at the end of 15 days of treatment. The two phases process developed and tested for the first time in this study seems to have the required features to become, after a proper optimization and scale up, a challenging procedure for the sustainable remediation of actual site, poorly biotreatable PCB‐contaminated soils. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 1525–1534. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Efficient enzymatic acrylation through transesterification at controlled water activity
Authors: Nordblad Mathias , Adlercreutz Patrick 
Published: October 2007

AbstractEnzymatic acrylation is a process of potentially strong interest to the chemical industry. Direct esterification involving acrylic acid is unfortunately rather slow, with inhibition phenomena appearing at high acid concentrations. In the present study the acrylation of 1‐octanol catalyzed by immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (Novozym® 435) was shown to be as much as an order of magnitude faster when ethyl acrylate served as the donor of the acrylic group. Water activity is a key parameter for optimizing the rate of ester synthesis. The optimum water activity for the esterification of octanol by acrylic acid was found to be 0.75, that for its esterification by propionic acid to be 0.45 and the transesterification involving ethyl acrylate to be fastest at a water activity of 0.3. The reasons for these differences in optimum water activity are discussed in terms of enzyme specificity, substrate solvation, and mass transfer effects. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2008;99: 1518–1524. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Synthesis of 5‐(1,2,3‐Triazol‐4‐yl)‐2′‐deoxyuridines by a Click Chemistry Approach: Stacking of Triazoles in the Major Groove Gives Increased Nucleic Acid Duplex Stability
Authors: Kočalka Petr , Andersen Nicolai K. , Jensen Frank , Nielsen Poul 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA general protocol for converting alkyl and aryl halides into azides and for converting these in situ into 1,4‐disubstituted triazoles was applied with 5‐ethynyl‐2′‐deoxyuridine. This afforded three modified 2′‐deoxyuridine analogues with either unsubstituted or 1‐phenyl‐/1‐benzyl‐substituted triazoles in their 5‐positions. Modelling demonstrates coplanarity of the two heteroaromatic rings, and UV spectroscopy showed the uracil pKa values to be almost unchanged. The three nucleosides were introduced into nonamer oligonucleotides by phosphoramidite chemistry. The heteroaromatic triazoles became positioned in the major grooves of the short dsDNA and DNA–RNA duplexes. While single modifications led to decreased duplex stability, the stacking of four consecutive modifications led to enhanced duplex stability, especially for DNA–RNA duplexes. The duplex structures were studied by CD spectroscopy and molecular dynamics simulations, which supported the conjecture that the duplex stabilizing effect is due to efficient stacking of the heteroaromatic triazoles.
Development of a Series of Cross‐Linking Agents that Effectively Stabilize α‐Helical Structures in Various Short Peptides
Authors: Fujimoto Kazuhisa , Kajino Masaoki , Inouye Masahiko 
Published: October 2007

AbstractA series of cross‐linking agents of varying rigidity and length were designed to stabilize helical structures in short peptides and were then synthesized. The sequences of the short peptides employed in this study each include two X residues (X=Dap, Dab, Orn, and Lys) at the i/i+4, i/i+7, or i/i+11 positions to provide the sites for cross‐linking. These peptides were subjected to reaction with the synthesized cross‐linking agents, and the helical content of the resulting cross‐linked peptides were analyzed in detail by circular dichroism. For each of the peptide classes we found combinations with the cross‐linking agents suitable for the construction of stable helical structures up to >95 % helicity at 5 °C. Our method could also be applied to biologically related sequences seen in native proteins such as Rev.
Preparation and Study of New Poly‐8‐Hydroxyquinoline Chelators for an anti‐Alzheimer Strategy
Authors: Deraeve Céline , Boldron Christophe , Maraval Alexandrine , Mazarguil Honoré , Gornitzka Heinz , Vendier Laure , Pitié Marguerite , Meunier Bernard 
Published: October 2007

AbstractFourteen different ligands have been synthesized with two covalently linked 8‐hydroxyquinoline motifs that favor metal complexation. These bis‐chelators include different bridges at the C2 positions and different substituents to modulate their physicochemical properties. They can form metal complexes in a ratio of one ligand per metal ion with CuII and ZnII, two metal ions involved in the formation of amyloid aggregates of the toxic Aβ‐peptides in the Alzheimer disease. The apparent affinity of all bis‐8‐hydroxyquinoline ligands for CuII and ZnII are similar with logK ≈16 and logK ≈13 and are 10 000 times more efficient than for the corresponding 8‐hydroxyquinoline monomers. Their strong chelating capacities allow them to inhibit more efficiently than the corresponding monomers the precipitation of Aβ‐peptides induced by CuII and ZnII and also to inhibit the toxic formation of H2O2 due to copper complexes of Aβ. The best results were obtained with a one‐atom linker between the two quinoline units. X‐ray analyses of single‐crystals of CuII, ZnII or NiII complexes of 2,2′‐(2,2‐propanediyl)‐bis(8‐hydroxyquinoline), including a one‐atom linker, showed that all heteroatoms of the bis‐8‐hydroxyquinoline ligand chelate the same metal ion in a distorted square‐planar geometry. The CuII and ZnII complexes include a fifth axial ligand and are pentacoordinated.