bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Effect of premolar and molar occlusal angle on feed digestibility, water balance, and fecal particle size in horses
Authors: Carmalt James L. , Cymbaluk Nadia F. , Townsend Hugh G. G. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine whether occlusal angle of the premolar and molar teeth (ie, molar occlusal angle) was associated with feed digestibility, water balance, or fecal particle size in adult horses.Design—Observational study.Animals—40 pregnant mares ranging from 3 to 19 years old.Procedure—The horses were randomly allocated to 1 of 5 feeding groups with 8 horses/group. Horses were sedated, and molar occlusal angle was measured with 2 methods. An oral examination was performed, and total number of dental abnormalities was recorded. Feed digestibility, water balance, and fecal particle size were measured 7 and 16 weeks later.Results—Molar occlusal angle ranged from 6.3° to 19.3° and was not significantly associated with feed digestibility, water balance, or fecal particle size. The number of dental abnormalities was not associated with feed digestibility. Molar occlusal angle did not vary significantly with horse age.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicate that molar occlusal angles between 6° and 19° do not adversely affect feed digestibility, water balance, or fecal particle size in adult horses. Additionally, there was no association between age and molar occlusal angle. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:110–113)
Adverse events diagnosed within three days of vaccine administration in dogs
Authors: Moore George E. , Guptill Lynn F. , Ward Michael P. , Glickman Nita W. , Faunt Karen K. , Lewis Hugh B. , Glickman Lawrence T. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine incidence rates and potential risk factors for vaccine-associated adverse events (VAAEs) diagnosed within 3 days of administration in dogs.Design—Retrospective cohort study.Animals—1,226,159 dogs vaccinated at 360 veterinary hospitals.Procedure—Electronic records from January 1, 2002, through December 31, 2003, were searched for possible VAAEs (nonspecific vaccine reaction, allergic reaction, urticaria, or anaphylaxis) diagnosed within 3 days of vaccine administration. Information included age, weight, sex, neuter status, and breed. Specific clinical signs and treatments were reviewed in a random sample of 400 affected dogs. The association between potential risk factors and a VAAE was estimated by use of multivariate logistic regression.Results—4,678 adverse events (38.2/10,000 dogs vaccinated) were associated with administration of 3,439,576 doses of vaccine to 1,226,159 dogs. The VAAE rate decreased significantly as body weight increased. Risk was 27% to 38% greater for neutered versus sexually intact dogs and 35% to 64% greater for dogs approximately 1 to 3 years old versus 2 to 9 months old. The risk of a VAAE significantly increased as the number of vaccine doses administered per office visit increased; each additional vaccine significantly increased risk of an adverse event by 27% in dogs ≤ 10 kg (22 lb) and 12% in dogs > 10 kg.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Young adult small-breed neutered dogs that received multiple vaccines per office visit were at greatest risk of a VAAE within 72 hours after vaccination. These factors should be considered in risk assessment and risk communication with clients regarding vaccination. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1102–1108)
Prevalence of cranial cruciate ligament rupture in a population of dogs with lameness previously attributed to hip dysplasia: 369 cases (1994–2003)
Authors: Powers Michelle Y. , Martinez Steven A. , Lincoln James D. , Temple Cara J. , Arnaiz Arthur 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine the prevalence of cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) in dogs with lameness previously attributed to canine hip dysplasia (CHD).Design—Retrospective study.Animals—369 client-owned dogs.Procedures—Hospital medical records from 1994 to 2003 were reviewed for dogs in which the referring veterinarian had diagnosed hip dysplasia or hip pain. Dogs were designated as having hind limb lameness because of partial or complete CCLR or CHD.Results—8% of dogs were sexually intact females, 43% were spayed females, 14% were sexually intact males, and 35% were castrated males. Mean age was 3.8 years (range, 3 months to 15 years). The most common breeds were the Labrador Retriever (21%), German Shepherd Dog (13%), and Golden Retriever (11%). The prevalence of CCLR as the cause of hind limb lameness was 32% (95% confidence interval, 27.2% to 36.8%). The distribution of CCLR among hind limbs was left (29%), right (28%), and bilateral (43%). Of 119 dogs with CCLR, 94% had concurrent radiographic signs of CHD, 92% had stifle joint effusion, and 81% had a cranial drawer sign.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—On the basis of the high prevalence of CCLR in dogs referred for lameness because of CHD, it is important to exclude other sources of stifle joint disease before making recommendations for treatment of CHD. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1109–1111)
Gastrointestinal tract perforation in dogs treated with a selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor: 29 cases (2002–2003)
Authors: Lascelles B. Duncan X. , Blikslager Anthony T. , Fox Steven M. , Reece Doug 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To identify factors associated with gastrointestinal tract perforation in dogs being treated with a selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor (deracoxib).Design—Retrospective study.Animals—29 dogs.Procedure—The Novartis Animal Health pharmacovigilance database was searched for records of dogs treated with deracoxib in which gastrointestinal tract perforation was documented.Results—16 of the 29 (55%) dogs had received deracoxib at a dosage higher than that approved by the FDA for the particular indication being treated, with 25 (86%) dogs having received deracoxib at a dosage > 2 mg/kg/d (0.9 mg/lb/d). Seventeen (59%) dogs had received at least 1 other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) or a corticosteroid in close temporal association (within 24 hours) with deracoxib administration (ie, immediately before or following). In all, 26 (90%) dogs had received deracoxib at a higher-than-approved dosage or had received at least 1 other NSAID or corticosteroid in close temporal association with deracoxib administration. Twenty dogs died or were euthanatized, and 9 survived.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—In dogs with gastrointestinal tract perforation and that had been treated with deracoxib, perforation was most likely attributable to a number of factors. Deracoxib should only be used at approved dosages. Cortico-steroids and other less selective NSAIDs should not be administered in close temporal association with selective COX-2 inhibitors, including deracoxib. Further study is required to define this problem. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1112–1117)
Response rates and survival times for cats with lymphoma treated with the University of Wisconsin-Madison chemotherapy protocol: 38 cases (1996–2003)
Authors: Milner Rowan J. , Peyton Jamie , Cooke Kirsten , Fox Leslie E. , Gallagher Alexander , Gordon Patti , Hester Juli 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine response rates and survival times for cats with lymphoma treated with the University of Wisconsin-Madison chemotherapy protocol.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—38 cats with lymphoma.Procedure—Medical records were reviewed, and information on age, sex, breed, FeLV and FIV infection status, anatomic form, clinical stage, and survival time was obtained. Immunophenotyping was not performed.Results—Mean ± SD age of the cats was 10.9 ± 4.4 years. Overall median survival time was 210 days (interquartile range, 90 to 657 days), and overall duration of first remission was 156 days (interquartile range, 87 to 316 days). Age, sex, anatomic form, and clinical stage were not significantly associated with duration of first remission or survival time. Eighteen of the 38 (47%) cats had complete remission, 14 (37%) had partial remission, and 6 (16%) had no response. Duration of first remission was significantly longer for cats with complete remission (654 days) than for cats with partial remission (114 days). Median survival time for cats with complete remission (654 days) was significantly longer than median survival time for cats with partial remission (122 days) and for cats with no response (11 days).Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that a high percentage of cats with lymphoma will respond to treatment with the University of Wisconsin-Madison chemotherapy protocol. Age, sex, anatomic form, and clinical stage were not significantly associated with duration of first response or survival time, but initial response to treatment was. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1118–1122)
Evaluation of risk factors for development of catheter-associated jugular thrombophlebitis in horses: 50 cases (1993–1998)
Authors: Dolente Brett A. , Beech Jill , Lindborg Susan , Smith Gary 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To evaluate risk factors associated with development of catheter-associated jugular thrombophlebitis in hospitalized horses.Design—Retrospective case-control study.Animals—50 horses with thrombophlebitis and 100 control horses.Procedure—Medical records from 1993 through 1998 were searched for horses with thrombophlebitis. Horses that were hospitalized for at least 5 days, had an IV catheter placed in a jugular vein (other than for solely anesthetic purposes), and had no evidence of thrombophlebitis during admission or hospitalization were chosen as controls. Signalment, history, clinicopathologic findings, primary illness, and treatment were obtained from the medical records. Data were analyzed by use of logistic regression to perform univariate and multivariate analyses.Results—For a horse with endotoxemia, the odds of developing thrombophlebitis were 18 times those for a similar horse without endotoxemia. For a horse with salmonellosis, the odds of developing thrombophlebitis were 68 times those for a similar horse without salmonellosis. For a horse with hypoproteinemia, the odds of developing thrombophlebitis were almost 5 times those for a similar horse without hypoproteinemia. For a horse in the medicine section, the odds of developing thrombophlebitis were 16 times those for a similar horse in the surgery section. For a horse with large intestinal disease, the odds of developing thrombophlebitis were 4 times those for a similar horse without large intestinal disease. For a horse receiving antidiarrheal or antiulcerative medications, the odds of developing thrombophlebitis were 31 times those for a similar horse not receiving these medications.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results indicated that patient factors, including large intestinal disease, hypoproteinemia, salmonellosis, and endotoxemia, were associated with development of catheter-associated thrombophlebitis in horses. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1134–1141)
Reliability of using reagent test strips to estimate blood urea nitrogen concentration in dogs and cats
Authors: Berent Allyson C. , Murakami Tsuyoshi , Scroggin Richard D. , Borjesson Dori L. 
Published: December 2005

Abstract
Objective—To evaluate the clinical accuracy of
reagent test strips used to estimate BUN concentration
in dogs and cats.

Design—Prospective study.

Animals—116 dogs and 58 cats.

Procedure—Blood samples were collected at the
time of admission to the hospital. Estimates of BUN
concentration obtained with reagent test strips (category
1 [5 to 15 mg/dL], 2 [15 to 26 mg/dL], 3 [30 to 40
mg/dL], or 4 [50 to 80 mg/dL]) were compared with
SUN concentrations measured with an automated
analyzer. For dogs, category 1 and 2 test strip results
were considered a negative result (nonazotemic) and
category 3 and 4 test strip results were considered a
positive result (azotemic). For cats, category 1, 2, and
3 test strip results were considered a negative result
(nonazotemic) and category 4 test strip results were
considered a positive result (azotemic).

Results—On the basis of SUN concentration, 40 of
the 174 (23%) animals (20 dogs and 20 cats) were
classified as azotemic. One dog and 2 cats had falsenegative
test strip results, and 1 dog had a false-positive
result. Sensitivity and specificity were 95%
(20/21) and 99% (94/95), respectively, for dogs and
87% (13/15) and 100% (43/43), respectively, for cats.

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest
that reagent test strips are a reliable method for
rapidly estimating BUN concentrations in dogs and cats.
Because test strip results are only semiquantitative and
there remains a potential for misclassification, especially
in cats, urea nitrogen concentration should ultimately
be verified by means of standard chemistry techniques.
(J Am Vet Med Assoc 2005;227:1253–1256)
Comparison of the calving-to-conception interval in dairy cows with different degrees of lameness during the prebreeding postpartum period
Authors: Hernandez Jorge A. , Garbarino Eduardo J. , Shearer Jan K. , Risco Carlos A. , Thatcher William W. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To compare calving-to-conception intervals among cows classified as nonlame, moderately lame, or lame during the prebreeding postpartum period and to examine the relationship between severity of lameness and time to conception in cows that were classified as lame.Design—Longitudinal study.Animals—499 Holstein cows.Procedure—Cows in the prebreeding postpartum period were classified as nonlame, moderately lame, or lame by use of a 6-point locomotion scoring system. Time to conception (days) was compared among cows. A low, medium, or high cumulative locomotion score was assigned to lame cows, and time to conception among those cows was compared. Cows classified as lame were examined on a tilt table for diagnosis and treatment of lameness.Results—154 (31%), 214 (43%), and 131 (26%) cows were classified as nonlame, moderately lame, and lame, respectively. Most cows classified as lame had laminitis (54%) or disorders of the claw (33%). Median time to conception was 36 to 50 days longer in lame cows than in nonlame cows. Among lame cows, the median time to conception was 66 days longer in cows with high cumulative locomotion scores than in cows with low scores.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance—Nonlame cows became pregnant more quickly than lame cows. Lame cows with low cumulative locomotion scores during the prebreeding postpartum period became pregnant sooner than lame cows with high scores. Early diagnosis and intervention may mitigate the effects of lameness and improve reproductive performance in lame dairy cows. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1284–1291)
Evaluation of a cow-side immunoassay kit for assessing IgG concentration in colostrum
Authors: Chigerwe Munashe , Dawes Maisie E. , Tyler Jeff W. , Middleton John R. , Moore Malantus P. , Nagy Dusty M. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine sensitivity and specificity of a cow-side immunoassay kit for assessing IgG concentration in colostrum.Design—Prospective study.Animals—76 dairy and 11 beef cows of various parities.Procedure—Colostrum from first, second, and third milkings and milk samples were collected, and IgG concentration was determined by means of radial immunodiffusion. The immunoassay was performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions, and sensitivity and specificity were calculated by comparing results of the immunoassay (positive vs negative) with results of immunodiffusion (< 50 g/L vs ≥ 50 g/L).Results—135 colostrum or milk samples were collected. Mean ± SD colostral IgG concentrations, determined by means of radial immunodiffusion for dairy and beef cows were 65.4 ± 51.4 g/L and 114.8 ± 42.7 g/L, respectively. Mean IgG concentrations for first-, second-, and third-milking colostrum samples and for milk samples were 92 ± 49.0 g/L, 74.6 ± 45.1 g/L, 47.5 ± 32 g/L, and 6.8 ± 3.8 g/L, respectively. Sensitivity of the immunoassay (ie, percentage of samples with IgG concentration < 50 g/L with a positive immunoassay result) was 93%, and specificity (ie, percentage of samples with IgG concentration ± 50 g/L with a negative immunoassay result) was 76%.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggested that the immunoassay kit was an acceptable cow-side test to identify colostrum samples with IgG concentrations < 50 g/L. The immunoassay kit should be useful in screening colostrum for adequate IgG concentration before feeding to calves or storage. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:129–131)
Effect of paratuberculosis on culling, milk production, and milk quality in dairy herds
Authors: Hendrick Steven H. , Kelton David F. , Leslie Ken E. , Lissemore Kerry D. , Archambault Marie , Duffield Todd F. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To determine the effect of paratuberculosis on culling, milk production, and milk quality in infected dairy herds.Design—Cross-sectional study.Animals—689 lactating dairy cows in 9 herds.Procedure—Milk, blood, and fecal samples were obtained from all cows. Fecal samples were evaluated via mycobacterial culture. Serum samples were tested with a commercially available ELISA for antibodies againstMycobacterium aviumsubspparatuberculosis, and preserved milk samples were tested with an ELISA for antibodies againstM paratuberculosis. Mixed effect and proportional hazards models were used to determine the effect of paratuberculosis on 305-day milk, fat, and protein production; somatic cell count linear score; and the risk of culling.Results—Cows with positive results of bacteriologic culture of feces and milk ELISA produced less milk, fat, and protein, compared with herdmates with negative results. No difference in 305-day milk or fat production was detected in cows with positive results of serum ELISA, compared with seronegative cows. The 3 survival analyses revealed that cows with positive results of each test were at higher risk of being culled than cows with negative results. Paratuberculosis status, as determined by use of all 3 diagnostic tests, was not associated with milk somatic cell count linear score.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results suggest that for the 9 herds in this study, paratuberculosis significantly decreased milk production and cow longevity. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1302–1308)
Evaluation of hemodynamic measurements, including lithium dilution cardiac output, in anesthetized dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy
Authors: Miyake Yukari , Wagner Ann E. , Hellyer Peter W. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To measure cardiac output in healthy female anesthetized dogs by use of lithium dilution cardiac output and determine whether changes in mean arterial pressure were caused by changes in cardiac output or systemic vascular resistance.Design—Prospective clinical study.Animals—20 healthy female dogs.Procedure—Dogs were anesthetized for ovariohysterectomy. Ten dogs breathed spontaneously throughout anesthesia, and 10 dogs received intermittent positive-pressure ventilation. Cardiovascular and respiratory measurements, including lithium dilution cardiac output, were performed during anesthesia and surgery.Results—Mean arterial pressure and systemic vascular resistance index were low after induction of anesthesia and just prior to surgery and increased significantly after surgery began. Cardiac index (cardiac output indexed to body surface area) did not change significantly throughout anesthesia and surgery.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Results provide baseline data for cardiac output and cardiac index measurements during clinical anesthesia and surgery in dogs. Changes in mean arterial pressure do not necessarily reflect corresponding changes in cardiac index. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1419–1423)
Putative aqueous humor misdirection syndrome as a cause of glaucoma in cats: 32 cases (1997–2003)
Authors: Czederpiltz Jessica M. C. , La Croix Noelle C. , Woerdt Alexandra van der , Bentley Ellison , Dubielzig Richard R. , Murphy Christopher J. , Miller Paul E. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To characterize the clinical and morphologic aspects of aqueous humor misdirection syndrome (AHMS) in cats and provide a hypothesis regarding its pathogenesis on the basis of detailed analysis of affected cats.Design—Retrospective study.Animals—32 cats (40 eyes).Procedure—Medical records of cats in which AHMS was diagnosed from July 1997 to August 2003 were reviewed. In certain cats, results of additional diagnostic testing were also obtained, including A-scan, B-scan, and high-resolution ultrasonography; streak retinoscopy; video keratometry; and infrared neutralizing videoretinoscopy as well as results of analysis of flash-frozen sections and histologic examination of enucleated globes.Results—Cats had a uniformly shallow anterior chamber, intact lens zonules, and a narrowed approach to an open iridocorneal angle. Mean age of affected cats was 11.7 years (range, 4 to 16 years), and female cats were significantly more often affected than male cats. Clinical signs included mydriasis, decreased pupillary light reflex, decreased menace response, and blindness. Glaucomatous changes to the optic nerve, incipient cataracts, and eventual blindness were seen. Intraocular pressure was ≥ 20 mm Hg (range, 12 to 58 mm Hg) in 32 of 40 eyes. Ultrasonography and histologic examination revealed a thickened anterior vitreal face interposed between the lens and ciliary body, partial ciliary cleft collapse, and cavitated vitreal regions. Various treatment modalities were used.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—AHMS affects older cats, especially females, and may result in glaucoma, vision loss, and signs of ocular pain. Topical administration of carbonic anhydrase inhibitors decreased intraocular pressure. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1434–1441)
Outcome of dogs with high-grade soft tissue sarcomas treated with and without adjuvant doxorubicin chemotherapy: 39 cases (1996–2004)
Authors: Selting Kim A. , Powers Barbara E. , Thompson Laura J. , Mittleman Elise , Tyler Jeff W. , Lafferty Mary H. , Withrow Stephen J. 
Published: December 2005

AbstractObjective—To examine the effect of adjuvant doxorubicin chemotherapy on outcome in dogs with highgrade (grade 3) soft tissue sarcomas (HGSTSs).Design—Retrospective case series.Animals—39 dogs.Procedures—Medical records of dogs with HGSTSs were reviewed. Dogs treated with surgery alone or receiving single-agent doxorubicin chemotherapy postoperatively were included in the study. Owners and referring veterinarians were contacted for followup information. Slides from histologic sections were reviewed to confirm the diagnosis of HGSTSs. Cases in which follow-up examination was not performed and radiation therapy or chemotherapy other than doxorubicin was administered were excluded.Results—39 dogs met inclusion criteria. Twenty-one dogs received adjuvant doxorubicin. Tumor-, patient-, and treatment-related variables were not significantly associated with measured outcomes including local, metastatic, and overall disease-free intervals as well as survival time. Overall median disease-free interval was 724 days with a median survival time of 856 days for all dogs.Conclusions and Clinical Relevance—Adjuvant doxorubicin-based chemotherapy did not benefit this population of dogs with HGSTSs. Outcome for visceral HGSTSs was similar to that of nonvisceral HGSTSs in these cases. (J Am Vet Med Assoc2005;227:1442–1448)