bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Finite element model for the simulation of skeletal muscle fatigue
Authors: Böl M. , Pipetz A. , Reese S. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn the present paper a new approach for the modelling of fatigue effects in skeletal muscle is proposed. This concept is micromechanically motivated. It incorporates the intramuscular connective tissue (passive part of the material) which surrounds the contractile muscle fibres (active part of the material). By sustaining a certain force level, these fibres show fatigue effects, expressed by a decrease of the retentive force. To incorporate such effects in a finite element framework we use a fatigue model that allows us to describe the dynamical processes between active, fatigued and recovered fibres. The chosen modelling strategy facilitates the efficient transport of the known information about physiological processes in the fibre to the three‐dimensional macroscopic level where e.g. the dependence of muscle contraction on fatigue effects is studied. Besides the theoretical derivation of the modelling approach, simulations at fibre level as well as at muscle level (for idealised and non‐idealised muscle geometries) are investigated. The paper closes with a qualitative comparison of the model with experimental data.
Influence of different surface machining treatments of resorbable magnesium alloy implants on degradation – EDX‐analysis and histology results
Authors: von der Höh N. , von Rechenberg B. , Bormann D. , Lucas A. , Meyer‐Lindenberg A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe surface of cylindrical MgCa0.8 implants were differently machined which leads to smooth implants, sandblasted and threaded cylinders. 16 implants of each group were implanted into the medial femoral condylus of New Zealand White rabbits (totally n = 48). Each half of the implants remained for three and six months, respectively. After euthanasia 5 μm thin slices were produced, stained and evaluated through a semi quantitative scoring. Two specimen of each surface were used for EDX‐analysis. Specified areas were examined for the appearance of predetermined elements. The EDX‐analysis showed phosphorus in the edge layer of the implants. It appeared at all surface varieties. Magnesium could be found in the bone near the implants. It decreased with increasing distance to the implant site. The appearance of phosphorus indicates a possible new bone formation in the periphery of the implants. This also points to a good biocompatibility and a possible osteoinductive tendency. All bone preparations developed a fibrotic layer around the implant. It was strongest in sandblasted implants. The layer decreased from three to six months. Within the layer macrophages appeared most frequently at both defined times. They contained ingested implant material. Lymphocytes, plasma cells and foreign body cells appeared most frequently in sandblasted implants at both points in time. After six months, foreign body cells occurred exclusively at sandblasted implants.
Traditional and non‐traditional knowledge management in research and practice
Authors: Jin Tao , Bouthillier France , Bowen Buff , Boettger Skip , Montgomery Mark , Pillania Rajesh , Swain Deborah 
Published: February 2009

AbstractWhy do many corporate and government clients refuse to set up collaborative, knowledge management tools? Looking at innovation in academia and business, this panel will address the use of knowledge management to enable in‐depth intelligence work, distributed collaboration, social computing, and information sharing in organizations. The panelists, who have both academic and business backgrounds, will discuss new approaches to KM based on recent information science and technology research. They plan to show how taxonomies, indexes, web interfaces, and social networking theories can be analyzed and applied in workplace environments. The presentations may challenge academic information scientists and knowledge management theorists, but each panelist will provide data and case studies to support the methods used in the application of theories. Presentations also will include live demonstrations of current tools. During demos there will be interactive audience participation, in addition to Q&A opportunities. The audience will be encouraged to challenge panelists' approaches and to test the findings and discoveries presented.
Everyday classification on large government and NGO websites
Authors: Busch Joseph , Fagan Susan , Gheriss Farah , Kwasnik Barbara , LaBarre Kathryn 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis session is about everyday classification‐specifically how public information is categorized to make it findable on large government and NGO websites. The panel includes representatives from three major public agencies who will discuss how the categorization schemes used on their website were developed, how the site activity is monitored to see how the schemes perform, and how the schemes are modified in response to user activity or agency initiatives. Classification researchers will react to these methods by observing how established classification best practices are being followed or not in these real world applications, what applicable practices are not being followed, and whether current classification instruction is preparing people with the skills to do this work.
Speed meeting: A special session to introduce academics and professionals to each other in person and via web cast
Authors: Swain Deborah E. , Pullium Beatrice , Liberman Kris , Rogers Anne , Barreau Deborah , Hersberger Julie , Faust Leona , Exner Frank , Hall Deanna 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe opportunity for companies with universities to create joint ventures is growing with a recent focus on short‐term projects – not mergers. How can those involved in research and practice meet‐especially graduate student researchers seeking collaborative university, corporate or government partners? Also, according to Wired magazine (April, 2007), there is a new emphasis on transparency and sharing across companies‐beyond competitive intelligence. Such change is leading to increased knowledge sharing across corporate boundaries. Can information professionals share safely ideas, not secrets, and find partners for short‐term development? Information technology companies seem less interested in formal mergers than in cooperative ventures (Apple with Google, for example).Companies and schools invited to send representatives include:

M (St Paul, Minnesota)
Invitrogen Corporation (Milwaukee, WI)
Pierce Milwaukee (Milwaukee, WI)
Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Milwaukee, WI)
Covance (Madison, WI)
University of Wisconsin‐Milwaukee
University of Wisconsin‐Madison
Identifying best practices and skills for workforce development in data curation
Authors: Heidorn P. Bryan , Tobbo Helen R. , Choudhury G. Sayeed , Greer Christopher , Marciano Richard 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe nature of science and scholarship is being transformed by the ability to collect and integrate vast quantities of information. Some sciences such as ecology and environmental science are inherently integrative, requiring the combination of many types of information from many sources in order to answer more complex questions than has been previously possible. This new information and the information management tools designed to deal with this volume of data will help us make informed decisions that will impact human health and prosperity. To enable this cross‐scale, interdisciplinary integration for the coming generations of scholars, data must be managed to facilitate interoperability, preservation, and sharing. This panel will explore best practices in data curation and models of education for new data curation professionals.
5th Global Information Village Plaza – MySpace, OurSpace: Social networking in the international arena
Authors: Bowen Aaron , Wilson Amanda 
Published: February 2009

AbstractBuilding on the success of the previous 2002–2006 Global Information Village Plazas, the 2007 Plaza maintains its successful interactive symposium format, allowing ASIS&T members an opportunity to express their personal views about the challenges and opportunities that the information society represents in their personal and professional lives.The discussion will focus on social networking websites, a part of the “Web 2.0” phenomenon which may be generally defined as personal webpages generated through a social networking service such as MySpace. The Plaza will look specifically at social networking services from different countries and how their characteristics and use change according to the country or culture in which they are situated. For example, in different cultures these services may be more or less representative of a personal voice, may encourage or discourage commenting on and discussing a thought, and may encourage or discourage networking with strangers.This topic relates specifically to the theme of this year's Annual Meeting – Social Computing and Information Science – in that social networking websites and services are and will continue to become a major vehicle for information sharing between people. Such sharing of information is informed by social and cultural worldviews, thus the characteristics and uses of information (and the social networking services conveying that information) are of interest to LIS professionals in that they serve socioculturally diverse groups of patrons who maintain different instruments for receiving information.This year's Global Information Village Plaza will continue to use the SIG‐III blog to facilitate discussion on the Plaza topic. This online interactive forum will be reachable by any professional, thereby allowing ASIS&T to expand its circle of interaction and offering the information professional community around the globe who will be unable to attend the 2007 Annual Meeting an opportunity to contribute their thoughts on social networking in the international arena.SIG‐III will partner with SIG‐BWP to present this interactive discussion.
Motives for giving information in non‐work contexts and the expectations of reciprocity. The case of environmental activists
Authors: Savolainen Reijo 
Published: February 2009

AbstractInformation sharing stands for a two‐way activity in which information is given and received in the same context. The present study reviews information sharing from the viewpoint of information giving. The empirical analysis draws on interviews with twenty environmental activists in Finland, 2005. Three major motives for information giving in non‐work contexts were identified: first, seredipitous altruism to provide help to other people, second, pursuit of the ends of seeking information by proxy, and third, duty‐driven needs characteristic of persons elected to positions of trust. Since in most cases information giving was driven by altruistic motives, the lack of reciprocity did not in practice weaken the motives for information giving. However, in the case of sensitive information, information giving tends to be restricted by calculations of the risk of information leakage against benefits obtained from the personally rewarding experience of providing important information to others.
The effect of gender on trust perception and performance in computer‐mediated virtual environments
Authors: Sun Xiaoning , Wiedenbeck Susan , Chintakovid Thippaya , Zhang Qiping 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAn important area in Computer‐Mediated Communication (CMC) is how gender affects trust building and performance in virtual settings. This paper empirically investigates gender differences in two media, video and Instant Messaging, while performing negotiation tasks. The primary results indicate that: (1) female pairs perceive higher levels of trust than male pairs when gender information about the partner is either seen via the video channel or mutually revealed via the IM channel, and (2) male/female pairs have better performance outcomes than female pairs. The results imply that having females in the remote working teams may help teams achieve high levels of initial trust leading to cooperation and information sharing in virtual settings. In addition, the results suggest that gender diversity, as represented in male/female pairs, may be important to quality performance outcomes in collaborative work groups.
Internet access in Brazil: Social context and science and technology professionals
Authors: Olinto Gilda 
Published: February 2009

AbstractAccess to the Internet is an evidence of connectivity and has been considered an indicator of participation in today's knowledge society and in the globalization process, the latter also defined as “complex connectivity” and empirical condition of the modern world. However, evidences of the growth of this resource around the world is confronted with several questions regarding the discrepancies between developed and developing countries, regarding regional and social differences within countries and regarding the perspectives of its use by knowledge professionals. This subject – Internet access and use – has been included in the 2005 Annual Survey of the Brazilian Census Bureau. This paper is part of a more inclusive research project that focuses on the characteristics and perspectives of Brazilian society with regard to Internet access and use. Besides describing access to this resource, it tries to examine its several social, economic and work conditionings. In the data analyses presented here, emphasis is given, at first, to the description of socio‐demographic inequalities with regards to Internet access. A second emphasis is given to describing and comparing Internet access among Science and Technology professionals, particularly professionals in the field of Information and Communication, and between the public and private sectors.
Online knowledge sharing in a multinational corporation: Chinese versus American practices
Authors: Li Wei , Downey Steve , Wentling Tim 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn‐depth interviews were conducted with Chinese and American users of a knowledge sharing system, pseudo‐named Knowledge Everywhere (KE), being employed by a Fortune 100 company with operations in over 100 countries. The intent of these interviews was to identify factors influencing knowledge sharing behaviors among Chinese and American users of the KE system. Interview questions were framed using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (Ventakesh, et al.,2003). Three primary conclusions emerged from the findings generated from the interviews. First, there is a perceived disconnect between knowledge sharing system usage and daily job performance. Second, language appears as a one‐way barrier to knowledge sharing and not two‐way as many practitioners believe. Third, cultural conservatism and perceived differences in practices hinders Chinese users' willingness to share and as a result gives the false impression that Chinese employees hoard information.
Does free‐access to scholarly articles increase readership and citation impact? A randomized controlled, multi‐publisher, multi‐journal study
Authors: Davis Philip M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractOpen Access is a lightening rod for controversy in scholarly communication, attracting more opinions and rhetoric than hard data. The limited numbers of empirical studies to date have used methodologies that do not adequately control for potential biases and competing explanations. We propose the first randomized controlled study of Open Access publishing to ascertain whether providing free access to scholarly articles leads to greater readership and increased citation impact. This experiment will involve seven publishers and 36 research journals (plus an additional twelve control journals), allowing greater generalizability over subject disciplines in the sciences, social sciences and humanities.
Using field co‐citation analysis to assess reciprocal and shared impact of LIS/MIS fields
Authors: Sugimoto Cassidy R. , Pratt Jean A. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis study utilizes bibliometric tools in order to analyze the relationship between two separate but related fields‐Library and Information Science (LIS) and Management Information Systems (MIS). Using field co‐citation analysis, the study evaluates the knowledge imported/exported between the fields and also the body of knowledge that is influenced by both fields.
Using support vector machines for automatic new topic identification
Authors: Ozmutlu Seda , Ozmutlu H. Cenk , Spink Amanda 
Published: February 2009

AbstractRecent studies on automatic new topic identification in Web search engine user sessions demonstrated that learning algorithms such as neural networks and regression have been fairly successful in automatic new topic identification. In this study, we investigate whether another learning algorithm, Support Vector Machines (SVM) are successful in terms of identifying topic shifts and continuations. Sample data logs from the Norwegian search engine FAST (currently owned by Overture) and Excite are used in this study. Findings of this study suggest that support vector machines' performance depends on the characteristics of the dataset it is applied on.
I'm not a doctor, but I play one on the web: Credibility, funding, and interactivity features on health organization websites
Authors: Stoerger Sharon 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThe Web has become an important resource for individuals seeking health information. Recent literature on online health information suggests that interactive features can improve the search experience and may even enhance the individual's learning experience and engagement (Boulos, Maramba, & Wheeler, 2006). Some researchers have found links between credibility and interactivity, as well as between funding and interactivity. But connections among the three features were found to be lacking. This study involved a content analysis of 60 health‐related websites – 30 women's health organizations and 30 general health organizations – that were collected and analyzed in October and November 2006. A framework designed to assess levels of and relationships among credibility, funding, and interactivity was developed to determine the similarities and differences between the two types of sites. The analysis revealed that sites with lower credibility levels included more interactivity features, except when funding was not present. Because a greater number of individuals are seeking information online and the calls for higher levels of interactivity on websites continue to surface, these findings could have implications for the future of online health information resources.
Qualitative decision impact model: A tri‐partite broadcast social network approach
Authors: Bonnici Laurie J. , Burnett Kathleen 
Published: February 2009

AbstractDecision theory is the mathematics of making decisions under certain conditions of uncertainty. A major shortcoming in the application of decision theory to human problem‐solving is that it is difficult to sufficiently account for the influence of specific instances of human social‐psychological conditions in making value judgments. Equally challenging to decision theory are the complexity and diversity of human problems. The P2h.D. decision impact model describes the configuration of a structured and intentionally sustained network of podcasts, blogs, and wikis to provide informal resources and examples of human experience to supplement formal resources developed out of decision theory modeling.
The current situation of faculty participation in Institutional Repositories—A study of 40 DSpace implementations supporting IRs
Authors: Xu Hong 
Published: February 2009

AbstractIn order to learn the current situation of faculty participation in Institutional Repositories, this paper studied 40 DSpace implementations supporting IRs in America. The study shows the average number of items per archive is about 3222 with the median of 921, and for 38 DSpace cases the average faculty participation rate is about 4.6% per archive with a median of 1.9%.
Exploration of the motivation for and knowledge of preservation practices for personal digital artifacts
Authors: Japzon Andrea , Agosto Denise E. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractLibraries and other cultural institutions are very aware of the crisis in digital preservation and are taking steps to preserve our collective cultural heritage. In contrast, most individual consumers are much less aware of the impermanent state of their digital possessions. As a result, valuable representations of personal memories intended for future generations will be lost through ignorance and/or benign neglect. This research will explore user behavior as it relates to the preservation of personal digital objects. We seek to understand: value and digital objects, what steps individuals are taking towards preservation, and how preservation decisions are informed. The theory of information source horizons will be used to examine the criteria for value and the relationship between the continuum of physical and digital artifacts. Qualitative research methods will be used to explore the behaviors, attitudes and beliefs of individuals regarding digital preservation. In the first phase of this research, 12 semi‐structured interviews will be conducted with Friends Groups' members of a large urban public library. Analysis of the interview transcripts will lead to insights into the affective and cognitive issues surrounding personal digital artifacts in their own right and in comparison to personal physical artifacts. Further, the analysis will provide insight regarding the contexts in which individuals value information and how that sense of value impacts both the organization of and preservation of personal information.
The power of dots: Using nonverbal compensators in chat reference
Authors: Maness Jack M. 
Published: February 2009

AbstractThis paper analyzes the use of nonverbal compensators in librarians' chat reference conversations with college and university students. Comparing the transcripts of conversations with students who rated librarians as “very helpful” and “unhelpful” in a survey following the reference interaction, the data shows that the librarians' frequent use of certain compensators for the purpose of engaging, empathizing, or expressing continued thought is correlated to student satisfaction with the librarian. Specifically, the use of ellipses and dashes to supplant more traditional forms of punctuation, the purpose being to convey thought and interest in the patron's information need, is predictive of positive satisfaction levels. The implications for practitioners and instructors of chat reference include purposeful use of such compensators for specific purposes and the inclusion of computer‐mediated‐communication (CMC) in contemporary reference education.