bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Tubular carcinoma of the breast: Cytologic features in fine‐needle aspirations and application of monoclonal anti‐α‐smooth muscle actin in diagnosis
Authors: Fischler Diana F. , Sneige Nour , Ordóñez Nelson G. , Fornage Bruno D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwenty fine‐needle aspirations (FNAs) of histologically proven tubular carcinoma of the breast (TCB) were reviewed, and the staining distribution of α‐smooth muscle actin (SMA) was evaluated to see if this improved FNA sensitivity. In 18 cases, the aspirates were cellular, consisting predominantly of epithelial cells arranged in cohesive tubular structures that appeared angular or twisted. Single epithelial cells were present in varying numbers in 14 cases (70%). Cribriform fragments corresponding to in situ ductal carcinoma were noted in 9 cases (45%). Individual, bare nuclei were present in seven cases (35%). The initial cytologic diagnoses were 10 carcinomas, eight suspicious for carcinoma, and two cases were misinterpreted as fibroadenoma. In 8 of 14 cases, the epithelial fragments stained negatively for SMA, whereas in six cases some fragments (<10%) stained positively. These findings were in contrast to a reticulated staining pattern noted in almost all of the epithelial fragments in nine fibroadenomas and three fibrocystic changes. Eighteen well‐differentiated invasive ductal carcinomas stained negatively, whereas four had occasional positively staining fragments. We conclude that TCB displays distinct cytomorphologic features that can be recognized or at least suggested by FNA. Awareness of the cytologic characteristics—angulated tubular structures with or without single epithelial cells—coupled with mammographic/ultrasound findings, is necessary to avoid a misdiagnosis. Alpha‐smooth muscle actin staining may help in selected cases. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Diagnosis of umbilical metastasis (sister Mary Joseph's nodule) by fine‐needle aspiration: An immunocytochemical study
Authors: Gupta Raj K. , Naran Sarla , McHutchison Andrew G. R. , Lallu Sharda , Fauck Robert J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractDuring a ten year period, since we introduced needle aspiration cytology at our institution, we have diagnosed five cases of umbilical metastasis (Sister Mary Joseph's nodule). In none of the cases was any false negative or false positive diagnosis rendered and the primary carcinoma was found below the diaphragm. In all the five cases, cell blocks of the aspirate were subsequently prepared, and highlighted the histologic features of the tumour which corresponded with the cytologic diagnosis. Immunohistochemical staining on the aspirate material in all the cases was considered quite useful in substantiating the cytohistologic diagnosis. Based on our findings, we suggest that fine‐needle aspiration cytology as an initial diagnostic procedure in cases suspected of umbilical metastasis should be considered, since it is not only a simple, fast, accurate, and inexpensive diagnostic procedure, but can also save the patient from an invasive surgical procedure, the benefit of which is questionable. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cutaneous seeding of a follicular thyroid cancer after fine‐needle aspiration biopsy?
Authors: Panunzi C. , Paliotta D. S. , Papini E. , Petrucci L. , Rinaldi R. , Nardi F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe Authors describe a cutaneous recurrence of a thyroid follicular cancer, immediately above the thyroid nodule, in a 76‐year‐old woman with advanced multiple myeloma, 8 mo after a fine‐needle axpiration biopsy performed with 22‐gauge needles. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology of mammary adenomyoepithelioma: Report of a case with intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions
Authors: Valente Philip T. , Stuckey John H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAdenomyoepithelioma of the breast is an uncommon lesion which may recur and rarely metastasizes. We report the fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) findings in one case of mammary adenomyoepithelioma in which this tumor's unusual cytomorphology led to a cytologic diagnosis of malignancy, possibly metastatic to the breast. Large, atypical, polygonal cells, some with intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions, were most worrisome cytologically, but corresponded in the biopsied specimen to cells immunohistochemically documented to be of myoepithelial origin. Nests of epithelium and myoepithelial cells sometimes embedded in fibrous, stromal fragments were suggestive of an infiltrating pattern. Recognition of such unusual features in breast FNA is most important since definitive therapy may follow an FNA diagnosis of carcinoma in some clinical settings. In cases with unusual morphology, surgical biopsy should be recommended to clarify the nature of the lesion. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Guides to clinical aspiration biopsy: Pediatrics authors: Philippe Vielh and Lydia Pleotis Howell, Igaku‐Shoin, New York, 1993
Authors: Davey Diane D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractFine‐needle aspiration biopsy (NAB) continues to be controversial in pediatric medicine, and is probably under‐utilized in many practices. Although there have been several publications dealing with pediatric neoplasms and tumor‐like conditions, there are few books which deal extensively with pediatric cytology. The purpose of this book is to provide both cytologists and clinicians with a systematic guide to cytodiagnosis by NAB in children. It seeks to dispel misconceptions, provide information on the utility of NAB, and summarize the current literature.
On the American scene: Cytology proficiency testing symposium overview
Authors: Davey Diane D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe current and future status of cytology proficiency testing (PT) was the focus of a symposium held in Atlanta November 16–17, 1993. Sponsoring organizations were the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the College of American Pathologists (CAP), and the Cytopathology Education Consortium [American Society of Clinical Pathologists (ASCP), American Society of Cytology (ASC), American Society of Cytotechnology (ASCT)]. The February 28, 1992 Final Rule implementing CLIA 1988 had specified that laboratories evaluating gynecologic cytology specimens had to be enrolled in an approved PT program by January 1994. A contract request had no responses by the April 1993 deadline, however.
Prognostic factors from the fine‐needle aspirate: Breast carcinoma nuclear grade
Authors: Dabbs David J. , Silverman Jan F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo of the most important microscopically derived morphologic prognostic factors for breast carcinoma patients are histologic type of tumor and nuclear grade. The recent literature stresses the importance of including these parameters in the surgical pathology report, yet there is little information in the cytology literature regarding the reporting of the nuclear grade of breast carcinomas from fine‐needle aspirate biopsies (FNAB). In this retrospective study, we examined 104 ductal carcinomas of the breast in order to determine whether the FNAB derived nuclear grade and morphologic aspects of histological grading such as tubule formation and mitoses could accurately correlate with the same parameters on the tissue specimens.There was a correlation of 87% between the nuclear grade assigned by FNAB and the nuclear grade assigned to the tissue sample. Both the Diff‐Quik and the Papanicolaou staining methods were assessed in this study and both gave comparable nuclear grade results. Tubule formation was difficult to assess on the cytologic samples and mitoses showed no correlation between cytologic and tissue specimens. The FNAB sample was not representative of the tissue nuclear grade in only 4.8% of the cases. Nuclear grade is especially important in patients treated with chemotherapy prior to definitive therapy for breast carcinoma.We conclude that the nuclear grading of breast carcinomas is performed with ease, correlates well with tissue nuclear grade, and, as a fundamental cytologic parameter, should be included in the fine‐needle aspirate biopsy report whenever possible. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Demonstration of fibrils in the hyaline globules of yolk sac tumor with parietal differentiation in fine‐needle aspiration smears
Authors: Yang Grace C. H. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractHyaline globules of the yolk sac tumor (YST) have been described as homogeneous pink intracellular globules and intercellular basement membrane material [Akhtar et al.: Diagn Cytopathol 1990;6:184–192]. In Diff‐Quik‐stained air‐dried smears of a lung fine‐needle aspiration (FNA) of YST metastatic from anterior mediastinum, short curvilinear nonbranching fibrils are demonstrated in the metachromatic hyaline substance. The fibril‐containing hyaline substance, which presents as intracellular globules as well as extracellular matrix deposits, is a diagnostic clue for YST with parietal differentiation [Ulbright et al.: Am J Surg Pathol 1986;10:151‐164]. The fibrils are not observed in the translucent homogeneous golden yellow hyaline substance in the Papanicolaou preparation. The fibrils are speculated to be the core protein of proteoglycans. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first demonstration of fibrils in the hyaline substance of YST with parietal differentiation. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Breast solitary schwannoma: Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy and immunocytochemical analysis
Authors: Bernardello Fabio , Caneva Andrea , Bresaola Enrica , Mombello Aldo , Zamboni Giuseppe , Bonetti Franco , Lannucci Antonio 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of intramammary solitary schwannoma (SS) (benign neurilemoma) diagnosed by fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and supported by immunocytochemical study is reported. The tumor arose in the right breast of an 18‐yr‐old woman and was clinically and radiologically considered a fibroadenoma. The smears obtained by FNAB of the lump showed clusters of spindle‐shaped cells and suggested a benign mesenchymal neoplasm. The presence of some structures reminiscent of Verocay bodies and the immunocytochemical reactivity for S‐100 protein antiserum demonstrated the schwannian nature of the tumor and suggested the diagnosis of SS. The final histologic examination confirmed the cytologic diagnosis. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Psammocarcinoma of the peritoneum
Authors: Chen Karl T. K. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe cytologic and histologic features of two cases of psammocarcinoma of the peritoneum are reported. The previously proposed histologic diagnostic criteria for this tumor are expanded in order to accommodate the present two cases. The cytologic features of this tumor have not previously been reported. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Elastofibroma dorsi: Diagnostic problems and pitfalls
Authors: Pisharodi Latha R. , Cary Donna , Bernacki Edward G. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe diagnostic cytomorphologic findings in a case of elastofibroma dorsi are described in this report. The correct diagnosis was initially overlooked on fine‐needle aspiration, and was subsequently made by open biopsy. Review of the FNA material, however, demonstrated scanty but diagnostic material. Cytologic examination revealed a mixture of fibroblasts, adipose tissue, and swollen lightly staining cyanophilic elastic fibers in a background of collagenous matrix. Cross sections of the elastic fibers had the typical serrated and globular appearance. These fibers stained positive with elastin stains. The cytomorphology of elastofibroma dorsi with diagnostic pitfalls and differential diagnostic dilemmas are discussed in this article. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
FNA biopsy of small round cell tumors of childhood: Cytomorphologic features and the role of ancillary studies
Authors: Silverman Jan F. , Joshi Vijay V. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPediatric tumors which are conventionally considered to be small round cell tumors (SRCTs) include the prototypical neuroblas‐toma as well as rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), Ewing's sarcoma (ES), malignant lymphoma, and primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). Other malignancies may be considered in the differential diagnosis such as small‐cell osteogenic sarcoma, un‐differentiated (anaplastic) hepatoblastoma, granulocytic sarcoma, blastemal type Wilms' tumor, and desmoplastic small‐cell tumor of the peritoneum. The cytomorphologic features of conventional SRCTs is presented as well as the utility of ancillary studies performed on the aspirated material in making a specific and correct diagnosis. The role of the immediate cytologic assessment of the aspirate is stress, since this is a critical step in formulating an initial diagnostic impression that should prompt the need for additional material for pertinent ancillary studies. Although challenging, FNA cytology of SRCTs of childhood can be diagnostic in the majority of cases, allowing specific therapy to be given to patients with unresectable SRCTs without a tissue biopsy as well as documenting recurrent and/or metastatic disease. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Confocal optical sectioning and three‐dimensional reconstruction of carcinoma fragments in pap smears using sophisticated image data processing
Authors: Boon M. E. , Schut J. J. , Benita E. M. , Kok L. P. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCarcinoma fragments found in Pap smears contain important diagnostic information not available to the light microscopist because of their thickness and consequent blurring. Optical sectioning by the confocal microscope allows us to reclaim the mitotic figures, glandular architecture, and abnormal chromatin patterns in the restained original smears. The high spatial resolution of the confocal microscope can be further exploited by processing the digital images with the sophisticated Application Visualization System (AVS) on a CONVEX computer. Serial sections in which fluorescent signals are color coded by this software package and three‐dimensional reconstructions of the nuclei and mitotic figures expand our knowledge of these malignant epithelial fragments. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Benign cellular changes: Have we inadvertently reinvented the class II cytology sign‐out?
Authors: Luff Ronald D. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractBeginning in December 1988, a group of highly motivated professionals assembled under NCI sponsorship for the sole purpose of attempting the impossible—namely, attain a national consensus on using standard terms for the sign‐out of cervical/vaginal cytology. What developed was more than many attendees ever expected: a recommended standardized format for cervical/vaginal cytology reports and a lexicon of terms to use in that format that has subsequently become known as The Bethesda System (TBS).1 As expected and anticipated, TBS was criticized for lacking definitions of specimen adequacy and for an absence of diagnostic criteria for some entities. Hence, a second TBS Workshop was held in April 1991, again sponsored by the NCI, with its primary purpose to receive feedback from laboratorians who had been using TBS. From that workshop, changes to the original lexicon were made and disseminated, again after extensive debate and discussion.2 A second communication has just recently been published detailing the criteria of specific entities listed in TBS, including 61 color illustrations for clarification.3 In June 1992, the NCI sponsored a workshop to develop interim guidelines for clinical follow‐up to entities diagnosed utilizing TBS. This had been considered the final “missing piece of the puzzle” in updating cervical/vaginal cytology. Their workshop report is scheduled to be published shortly.
Cytological demonstration of features of Alzheimer's disease using brain smear technique
Authors: McLean Catriona A. , Harney Mary C. , Gonzales Michael F. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe major diagnostic histopathological features of moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease (AD) are amyloid rich neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and neuritic plaques (NPs) containing beta A4 peptide. As the frequency of stereotactic brain biopsies is increasing, the diagnostic cytological fealures of AD are of relevance. Our study presents the brain smear features of five autopsied patients with moderate to severe AD both clinically and pathologically. NFTs and NPs were identified in 100% of smears. Amyloid neuropil threads (NTs), a more recently identified hallmark of AD, were also seen in all smears. Segmental beta A4 peptide deposition within vessels, clustering of plaques around capillaries, and NTs were more obvious by the smear technique than in histological sections. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Cytologic atypia associated with microglandular hyperplasia
Authors: Valente Philip T. , Schantz H. Daniel , Schultz Monica 
Published: February 2007

AbstractAlthough it has long been known that microglandular hyperplasia (MGH) may be associated with cytologic atypia in cervical smears, the cytomorphology of MGH has not been described in great detail. To clarify its cytomorphology, Pap smears obtained from biopsy proven cases of MGH over a 3‐yr period were reviewed. Of 122 smears containing endocervical cells, 34 (28%) showed striking glandular abnormalities. In two cases, adenocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma in situ were falsely suggested and a high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HGSIL‐CIN III) was not confirmed in a conization specimen which showed only low grade SIL and MGH. Review of six cytologic diagnoses of HGSIL (CIN III) unconfirmed on biopsy suggested overcalls related to MGH related atypia in five. Cytologic features of MGH, therefore, may occasionally result in erroneous interpretations of HGSIL as well as glandular neoplasia. Although these changes may be striking, comparison with glandular atypia not associated with MGH shows that they are not entirely specific. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Papillary neoplasms of the breast: Fine‐needle aspiration findings in cystic and solid cases
Authors: Bardales Ricardo H. , Suhrland Mark J. , Stanley Michael W. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPapillary neoplasms of the breast are uncommon; at the time of needle aspiration, the diagnostic yield from such lesions can be initially classified as cystic or solid. We describe the fine‐needle aspiration findings in four cystic papillary neoplasms (three intracystic papillary carcinomas and one intracystic papilloma) and three solid masses (two sclerosing ductal lesions and one infiltrating ductal carcinoma with prominent papillary component). The smears were examined with respect to the following features: cellularity, architectural pattern in cell groups, cytologic pleomorphism, degree of cohesiveness, morphology and size of individual cells, anisonucleosis, nuclear‐cytoplasmic ratio, irregularity of nuclear contour, chromatin texture, macronucleoli, the presence of bipolar nuclei, apocrine cells, and multinucleated giant cells. A combination of cytologic and clinical characteristics may be helpful in distinguishing benign from malignant papillary lesions. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
FNA of extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma: Cytomorphologic, EM, and X‐ray microanalysis features
Authors: Gordon Melissa D. , Vetto John , Meshul Charles K. , Schmidt Waldemar A. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractExtraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, an unusual soft tissue lesion which preferentially affects the extremities, is a prime candidate for “pathologist performed” fine‐needle aspirates (FNA) because it preferentially affects the extremities [Enzinger and Shiraki, Hum Pathol 1972;3:421‐435] and is usually an accessible lesion. Cytomorphologically, the neoplasm consists of clusters of fairly uniform cells, lacking cartilaginous differentiation, with a metachromatic matrix when stained with Diff‐Quik (DQ). While subtle, this neoplasm has distinct features and must be distinguished for other neoplasms in the differential diagnosis because patient evaluation, prognosis, and therapy will vary greatly. We present a case characteristic of this tumor in which FNA derived material was subjected to light microscopy, X‐ray microanalysis, and immunohistochemical studies; each modality provided data essential to the correct diagnosis. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration cytology in locally advanced breast adenocarcinoma: A case with complete response to preoperative chemotherapy in association with granulomatous inflammatory reaction
Authors: Costa Michael J. , Stewart Glen , Perez Edith A. , Goodnight James E. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractPreoperative chemotherapy for locally advanced breast carcinoma (stage IIIA,B) is increasingly utilized demonstrating a 70 to 95% objective response and 15 to 35% complete response. A 70‐yr‐old woman presented with a 9 cm left upper outer quadrant breast mass associated with overlying skin redness and a 2.5 cm left axillary mass. Fine‐needle aspiration cytology (FNA) showed a pleomorphic adenocarcinoma in both the breast and axilla. Following three courses of chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and 5‐fluorouracil (CMF), the patient had a dramatic clinical reduction of tumor, reduction of serum CA 15‐3 from 161 to 64 U/ml, and underwent a modified radical mastectomy and axillary dissection. The specimen showed no viable tumor in association with an extensive granulomatous response in both the breast and axillary lymph nodes. This case illustrates two points concerning preoperative chemotherapy for locally advanced breast cancer: (1) The role of FNA v. tissue biopsy is examined. Positive cytology must be conclusive since, as in this case, no viable carcinoma may be present after therapy. (2) Chemotherapy induced host tissue reaction has not been extensively studied. This case showed a remarkable granulomatous reaction in association with tumor elimination. Since this reaction was not present on the original aspiration cytology slides, the chemotherapy treatment must have induced this reaction. Mechanisms for creating this effective host response need further investigation. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Needle aspiration cytology of acinar‐cell carcinoma of the pancreas: Report of a case with diagnostic pitfalls and unusual ultrastructural findings
Authors: Villanueva Ricci R. , Nguyen‐Ho Phong , Nguyen Gia‐Khanh 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA case of histologically and ultrastructurally confirmed acinarcell carcinoma of the pancreas examined by needle aspiration cytology is reported. The aspirate showed isolated and loosely clustered cells with variable granular cytoplasm, and central or eccentrically located oval hyperchromatic nuclei dysplaying prominent nucleoli, suggesting a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor. Numerous intracytoplasmic zymogen granules and several microtubules within cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum (MCRER) were found by electron microscopic study of metastatic tumor tissue. Cytodiagnostic pitfalls of this rare pancreatic cancer are discussed as well as the diagnostic value of MCRERs. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fine‐needle aspiration biopsy of pilomatrixoma: Still a diagnostic trap for the unwary
Authors: Wong Maria Pik , Yuen Siu Tsan , Collins Robert John 
Published: February 2007

AbstractOf the 16 cases of fine‐needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of pilomatrixomas reported since 1982, only 25% were correctly diagnosed prior to excision. The most common pitfall encountered was a false‐positive or suspicious diagnosis of a carcinoma. All the reported cases had a polymorphous cellular and noncellular composition on low‐power examination, including numerous basaloid cells, ghost cells, squamoid cells, foreign body giant cells, mixed inflammatory cells, keratin clumps, and granular debris which might be easily mistaken for a malignant necrotic background. Amongst these, ghost cells were the critical pathognomonic feature. This paper reported a further finding that had been under‐emphasized in the literature: masses of refractile orangeophilic keratin clumps representing compact sheets and stacks of ghost cells. Their presence should alert the observer to search for the more diagnostic dispersed forms which otherwise might be inconspicuous and easily overlooked. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.