bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Serologic Response to the Epstein-Barr Virus Peptidome and the Risk for Multiple Sclerosis
Authors: Cortese Marianna , Leng Yumei , Bjornevik Kjetil , Mitchell Moriah , Healy Brian C. , Mina Michael J. , Mancuso James D. , Niebuhr David W. , Munger Kassandra L. , Elledge Stephen J. , Ascherio Alberto 
Published: March 2024

ImportanceIt remains unclear why only a small proportion of individuals infected with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) develop multiple sclerosis (MS) and what the underlying mechanisms are.ObjectiveTo assess the serologic response to all EBV peptides before the first symptoms of MS occur, determine whether the disease is associated with a distinct immune response to EBV, and evaluate whether specific EBV epitopes drive this response.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsIn this prospective, nested case-control study, individuals were selected among US military personnel with serum samples stored in the US Department of Defense Serum Repository. Individuals with MS had serum collected at a median 1 year before onset (reported to the military in 2000-2011) and were matched to controls for age, sex, race and ethnicity, blood collection, and military branch. No individuals were excluded. The data were analyzed between September 1, 2022, and August 31, 2023.ExposureAntibodies (enrichment z scores) to the human virome measured using VirScan (phage-displayed immunoprecipitation and sequencing).Main Outcome and MeasureRate ratios (RRs) for MS for antibodies to 2263 EBV peptides (the EBV peptidome) were estimated using conditional logistic regression, adjusting for total anti–EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1) antibodies, which have consistently been associated with a higher MS risk. The role of antibodies against other viral peptides was also explored.ResultsA total of 30 individuals with MS were matched with 30 controls. Mean (SD) age at sample collection was 27.8 (6.5) years; 46 of 60 participants (76.7%) were male. The antibody response to the EBV peptidome was stronger in individuals with MS, but without a discernible pattern. The antibody responses to 66 EBV peptides, the majority mapping to EBNA antigens, were significantly higher in preonset sera from individuals with MS (RR of highest vs lowest tertile of antibody enrichment, 33.4; 95% CI, 2.5-448.4; P for trend = .008). Higher total anti-EBNA-1 antibodies were also associated with an elevated MS risk (top vs bottom tertile: RR, 27.6; 95% CI, 2.3-327.6; P for trend = .008). After adjusting for total anti-EBNA-1 antibodies, risk estimates from most EBV peptides analyses were attenuated, with 4 remaining significantly associated with MS, the strongest within EBNA-6/EBNA-3C, while the association between total anti-EBNA-1 antibodies and MS persisted.Conclusion and RelevanceThese findings suggest that antibody response to EBNA-1 may be the strongest serologic risk factor for MS. No single EBV peptide stood out as being selectively targeted in individuals with MS but not controls. Larger investigations are needed to explore possible heterogeneity of anti-EBV humoral immunity in MS.
Characterization of the IDENTIFYTM surface scanning system for radiation therapy setup on a closed‐bore linac
Authors: Dekker Janita , van het Schip Sander , Essers Marion , de Smet Mariska , Kusters Martijn , de Kruijf Willy 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPurposeIn radiation therapy, surface guidance can be used for patient setup and intra‐fraction motion monitoring. The surface guided radiation therapy (SGRT) system from Varian Medical systems, IDENTIFYTM, consists of three pods, including cameras and a random pattern projector, mounted on the ceiling. The information captured by the cameras is used to make a reconstruction of the surface. The aim of the study was to assess the technical performance of this SGRT system on a closed‐bore linac.MethodsPhantom measurements were performed to assess the accuracy, precision, reproducibility and temporal stability of the system, both in align and in load position. Translations of the phantoms in lateral, longitudinal, and vertical direction, and rotations around three axes (pitch, roll and yaw) were performed with an accurate, in‐house built, positioning stage. Different phantom geometries and different surface colors were used, and various ambient light intensities were tested.ResultsThe accuracy of the IDENTIFYTM system at the closed‐bore linac was 0.07 mm and 0.07 degrees at load position, and 0.06 mm and 0.01 degrees at align position for the white head phantom. The precision was 0.02 mm and 0.02 degrees in load position, and 0.01 mm and 0.02 degrees in align position. The accuracy for the Penta‐Guide phantom was comparable to the white head phantom, with 0.06 mm and 0.01 degrees in align position. The system was slightly less accurate for translations of the CIRS lung phantom in align position (0.20 mm, 0.05 degrees). Reproducibility measurements showed a variation of 0.02 mm in load position. Regarding the temporal stability, the maximum drift over 30 min was 0.33 mm and 0.02 degrees in load position. No effect of ambient light level on the accuracy of the IDENTIFYTM system was observed. Regarding different surface colors, the accuracy of the system for a black phantom was slightly worse compared to a white surface, but not clinical relevant.ConclusionThe IDENTIFYTM system can adequately be used for motion monitoring on a closed‐bore linac with submillimeter accuracy. The results of the performed measurements meet the clinical requirements described in the guidelines of the AAPM and the ESTRO.
Fibrillation of Pristine 2D Materials by 2D‐Confined Electrolytes
Authors: Tan Hui Li , Donato Katarzyna Z. , Costa Mariana C. F. , Carvalho Alexandra , Trushin Maxim , Ng Pei Rou , Yau Xin Hui , Koon Gavin K. W. , Tolasz Jakub , Němečková Zuzana , Ecorchard Petra , Donato Ricardo K. , Neto Antonio H. Castro 
Published: March 2024

Abstract2D materials are solid microscopic flakes with a‐few‐Angstrom thickness possessing some of the largest surface‐to‐volume ratios known. Altering their conformation state from a flat flake to a scroll or fiber offers a synergistic association of properties arising from 2D and 1D nanomaterials. However, a combination of the long‐range electrostatic and short‐range solvation forces produces an interlayer repulsion that has to be overcome, making scrolling 2D materials without disrupting the pristine structure a challenging task. Herein, a facile method is presented to alter the 2D materials’ inter‐layer interactions by confining organic salts onto their basal area, forming 2D‐confined electrolytes. The confined electrolytes produce local charge inhomogeneities, which can conjugate across the interlayer gap, binding the two surfaces. This allows the 2D‐confined electrolytes to behave as polyelectrolytes within a higher dimensional order (2D → 1D) and form robust nanofibers with distinct electronic properties. The method is not material‐specific and the resulting fibers are tightly bound even though the crystal structure of the basal plane remains unaltered.
Spontaneous Line Defect‐Induced Co4Te7 Superlattices on SrTiO3(001) Featuring Flat Bands
Authors: Quan Wenzhi , Lu Yue , Wu Qilong , Shang Chanjuan , Li Chenyu , Hu Jingyi , Wang Jialong , Zhang Zehui , Zhou Si , Zhao Jijun , Ji Qingqing , Zhang Yanfeng 
Published: March 2024

Abstract1D structures/patterns (e.g., line defect arrays, 1D Moiré patterns) embedded in 2D materials provide fascinating platforms for exploring versatile intriguing phenomena, for example, 1D Luttinger liquids and charge density waves (CDWs). Despite persistent efforts, incorporating periodic 1D patterns into 2D materials remains an ongoing pursuit. Herein, the direct preparation of monolayer 1D‐defect‐induced Co4Te7 superlattices (with periodic Te defect lines in the upper Te layer in 1T‐CoTe2) is reported, on lattice‐matched SrTiO3(001) (STO(001)) substrates via molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Utilizing on‐site scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/STS) combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the detailed atomic structure of monolayer Co4Te7 is identified, and its formation mechanisms from the synergistic effects of the Co/Te precursor ratio and adlayer‐substrate interfacial coupling are uncovered. The potential flat‐band feature of the monolayer Co4Te7 is also unveiled. This work should hereby offer valuable insights into the engineering of periodic 1D‐defect patterns in 2D materials, as well as the atomic‐scale structure and electronic property characterizations, thus paving ways for their intriguing property investigations.
Molecular Doped Biodegradable Triboelectric Nanogenerator with Optimal Output Performance
Authors: Li Cong , Luo Ruizeng , Bai Yuan , Shao Jiajia , Ji Jianying , Wang Engui , Li Zhe , Meng Hongyu , Li Zhou 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBiodegradable polymers (BPs)‐based triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) have advantages, including biocompatibility and biodegradability. However, biodegradable TENGs (BD‐TENGs) possess relatively low output performance, limiting their application due to the small differences in triboelectric polarities for most BPs. Molecular doping is a simple and effective method in altering the triboelectric polarity of triboelectric materials and improving the output performance of BD‐TENGs. However, there is a lack of laws and mechanism about the differences in triboelectric polarities of different doped molecules, especially of molecules with biodegradability and biocompatibility. Here, kinds of doping molecules are selected for doping in tribopositive and tribonegative materials, respectively, and their triboelectric polarities and related laws are researched. In particular, the output performance of BD‐TENG is improved several times by doping small amounts of poly (propylene glycol) (PPG) and ethyl cellulose (EC), with enhanced resolution in abnormal respiratory signal monitoring. This work not only provides theoretical guidance for the selection of triboelectric molecules but also conducts in‐depth research in molecular‐level triboelectric mechanisms.
Nanoenabled Immunomodulatory Scaffolds for Cartilage Tissue Engineering
Authors: Pereira Vasconcelos Daniela , Leite Pereira Catarina , Couto Marina , Neto Estrela , Ribeiro Beatriz , Albuquerque Filipe , Freitas Alexandra , Alves Cecília J. , Klinkenberg Geir , McDonagh Birgitte Hjelmeland , Schmid Ruth Baumberger , Seitz Andreas M. , de Roy Luisa , Ignatius Anita , Haaparanta Anne‐Marie , Muhonen Virpi , Sarmento Bruno , Lamghari Meriem 
Published: March 2024

AbstractArticular cartilage regeneration is a challenge in tissue engineering. Although diverse materials have been developed for this purpose, cartilage regeneration remains suboptimal. The integration of nanomaterials into 3D network materials holds great potential in the improvement of key mechanical properties, particularly important for osteochondral replacement scaffolds and even to function as carriers for disease‐modifying drugs or other regulatory signals. In this study, a simple yet effective cell‐free nanoenabled Col‐PLA scaffold specially designed to enhance cartilage regeneration and modulate inflammatory response is proposed, by incorporating poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) ibuprofen nanoparticles (NPs) into a collagen/polylactide (Col‐PLA) matrix. The developed nanoenabled scaffold successfully decreases IL‐1β release and leads to primary human chondrocytes survival, ultimately restoring extracellular matrix (ECM) production under inflammatory conditions. The nanoenabled Col‐PLA scaffolds secretome effectively decreases macrophage invasion in vitro, as well as neutrophil infiltration and inflammatory mediators’, namely the complement component C5/C5a, C‐reactive protein, IL‐1β, MMP9, CCL20, and CXCL1/KC production in vivo in a rodent air‐pouch model. Overall, the established nanoenabled scaffold has the potential to support chondrogenesis as well as modulate inflammatory response, overcoming the limitations of traditional tissue engineering strategies.
4D Printing of Mechanically Ultrastretchable and Ultrastrength Liquid‐Free Ionoelastomers with Rapid Responsiveness
Authors: Cai Ling , Wu Yixuan , Chen Guangxue , Kuang Xiao , Maharjan Sushila , Zhang Yu Shrike , He Minghui 
Published: March 2024

Abstract4D printing has attracted widespread attention due to its ability to fabricate complex structures capable of responding to specific stimuli. However, existing smart materials used for 4D printing, such as conventional hydrogels, liquid crystal elastomers, and shape‐memory polymers, are constrained in their ability to fulfill both mechanical ultrastrength and ultrastretchability requirements simultaneously due to their water saturation or uneven network structures. This study presents 4D printing of liquid‐free ionic elastomers (LFIEs) that is achieved through photopolymerization of the acrylic acid‐tetramethylammonium chloride‐polymerizable deep eutectic solvent. The transition temperature (Tt) of the high‐fracture‐strength LFIEs is adjusted by introducing phenylphosphoric acid, harboring multiple hydrogen‐bonds, leading to improved molecular chain mobility through softening of the chains. Consequently, the 4D‐printed LFIEs retain their high strength while achieving ultrastretchable properties even under elevated temperatures during heating. Moreover, the 4D‐printed LFIEs demonstrate both a swift response time and a high fixation rate even after undergoing repeated transformation cycles. These outstanding capabilities exhibit by LFIEs present a reliable strategy for advancing their applications in diverse fields, such as smart furniture, robotics, and intelligent manufacturing with remote monitoring, and beyond.
Recent Advances in Wearable Flexible Sensors and Implantable Biotags for Aquatic Animals
Authors: Wang Lu , Gai Yansong , He Qipei , Kang Jiajie , Wang Kaijie , Jiang Yonggang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe impact of human activities and social industrialization on the marine environment and aquatic life cannot be underestimated. By utilizing information transmission intermediates such as underwater wearable sensors, it is possible to promptly and precisely assess the state of the marine environment, as well as the behavior of biological populations, thereby ensuring accurate protection of the marine ecology. Flexible electronic tags maintain accurate monitoring performance while addressing the biocompatibility of sensors. When the tag is attached to an organism's surface or implanted in the body, it can perform real‐time monitoring, providing valuable insights into their biology and behavior. At the same time, allow them to attach to the animal without causing injury or disruption to their inherent behavior. In this paper, implantable electronic tags and wearable flexible sensing systems are examined while exploring their potential applications in this field. The review discusses four aspects of these systems: physical information monitoring in the marine environments, chemical information monitoring in the marine environments, physiological information monitoring in animals, and biochemical information monitoring in animals. Finally, the article explores upcoming challenges and trends in the development of implantable electronic tags and wearable, flexible sensors for aquatic animals.
Unleashing the Performance of Self‐Rolled‐Up 3D Inductors via Deterministic Electroplating on Cylindrical Surfaces
Authors: Yang Zhendong , Khandelwal Apratim , Wang Allen T. , Nguyen Kristen , Wicker Scott , Shao Yang Victoria , Li Xiuling 
Published: March 2024

AbstractInternet‐of‐Things and Cyber‐Physical‐System applications demand compact power converters, which require inductors to have small footprints but considerable power handling abilities. 3D air‐core tubular inductors fabricated using the self‐rolled‐up membrane (S‐RuM) technology have demonstrated significantly higher inductance density compared to conventional planar structures. However, previous design options and associated performance are constrained by the resistive loss due to the thickness of the metal and magnetic coupling limited by the air core. Here, the study reports a post‐rolling electroplating scheme aimed at enhancing the metal conductivity and core magnetic permeability in S‐RuM inductors, all while maintaining their compact footprint. A DC resistance improvement of over 10X and an inductance enhancement of over 30X are achieved by the 3D S‐RuM inductors, via parallel‐processed Cu‐electroplated strips on the cylindrical shells and partially permalloy‐electroplated core. The improvement is projected to continue to improve as the entire core is filled. This advancement paves the way for scalable applications of this technology in ultra‐compact, low‐loss passive power electronics, such as converters and filters.
The Absence of Intra‐Tumoral Tertiary Lymphoid Structures is Associated with a Worse Prognosis and mTOR Signaling Activation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Liver Transplantation: A Multicenter Retrospective Study
Authors: Li Jianhua , Zhang Li , Xing Hao , Geng Yan , Lv Shaocheng , Luo Xiao , He Weiqiao , Fu Zhi , Li Guangming , Hu Bin , Jiang Shengran , Yang Zhe , Zhu Ningqi , Zhang Quanbao , Zhao Jing , Tao Yifeng , Shen Conghuan , Li Ruidong , Tang Feng , Zheng Shusen , Bao Yun , He Qiang , Geng Daoying , Wang Zhengxin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractTertiary lymphoid structure (TLS) can predict the prognosis and sensitivity of tumors to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy, whether it can be noninvasively predicted by radiomics in hepatocellular carcinoma with liver transplantation (HCC‐LT) has not been explored. In this study, it is found that intra‐tumoral TLS abundance is significantly correlated with recurrence‐free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Tumor tissues with TLS are characterized by inflammatory signatures and high infiltration of antitumor immune cells, while those without TLS exhibit uncontrolled cell cycle progression and activated mTOR signaling by bulk and single‐cell RNA‐seq analyses. The regulators involved in mTOR signaling (RHEB and LAMTOR4) and S‐phase (RFC2, PSMC2, and ORC5) are highly expressed in HCC with low TLS. In addition, the largest cohort of HCC patients is studied with available radiomics data, and a classifier is built to detect the presence of TLS in a non‐invasive manner. The classifier demonstrates remarkable performance in predicting intra‐tumoral TLS abundance in both training and test sets, achieving areas under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUCs) of 92.9% and 90.2% respectively. In summary, the absence of intra‐tumoral TLS abundance is associated with mTOR signaling activation and uncontrolled cell cycle progression in tumor cells, indicating unfavorable prognosis in HCC‐LT.
Risk factors for the need for advanced care among prescription and over‐the‐counter drug overdose patients
Authors: Tanaka Chie , Tagami Takashi , Nagano Makihiko , Nakayama Fumihiko , Kaneko Junya , Kuno Masamune 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimPrescription drug and over‐the‐counter (OTC) drug overdose is a major problem in emergency departments in Japan, and some need advanced care which is more than observation. We aimed to identify the prehospital risk factors for the need of advanced care among overdose patients.MethodsThis was a single‐center retrospective cohort study. We included overdoses patients of prescription drugs or OTC drugs, who admitted to our hospital between 2016 and 2021. We grouped them into advanced care and non‐advanced care. The main outcome was the need for advanced care. We performed a multiple logistic regression analysis, calculated the PAV score (Paracetamol use, Alcohol use, abnormal Vital signs on scene) and performed a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis.ResultsThere were 229 subjects. The logistic regression analysis revealed that alcohol, paracetamol, and the abnormal vital signs on scene were associated with advanced care (alcohol‐odds ratio [OR]: 2.95; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29–6.75; paracetamol‐OR: 5.47; 95% CI: 2.18–13.71; abnormal vital signs‐OR: 4.61, 95% CI: 2.07–10.27). The rate of advanced care in the high PAV score (2 and 3) group was statistically higher than that in the low PAV score (0–1) group (p = 0.04). Area under the ROC curve of the PAV score was 0.72 (95% CI, 0.65–0.80).ConclusionAlcohol, paracetamol use and abnormal vital signs on scene might be risk factors for advanced care among prescription drugs or OTC drugs overdose patients, and the PAV score may predict the need for advanced care.
Enhanced Detection of Novel Low‐Frequency Gene Fusions via High‐Yield Ligation and Multiplexed Enrichment Sequencing
Authors: Wu Yi , Guo Jinxiao , Li Wenjun , Xiu Xuehao , Thirunavukarasu Deepak , Wang Yudong , Wang Kai , Chen Weiyu , Yu Zhang David , Yang Xiurong , Fan Chunhai , Song Ping 
Published: March 2024

AbstractPanel‐based methods are commonly employed for the analysis of novel gene fusions in precision diagnostics and new drug development in cancer. However, these methods are constrained by limitations in ligation yield and the enrichment of novel gene fusions with low variant allele frequencies. In this study, we conducted a pioneering investigation into the stability of double‐stranded adapter DNA, resulting in improved ligation yield and enhanced conversion efficiency. Additionally, we implemented blocker displacement amplification, achieving a remarkable 7‐fold enrichment of novel gene fusions. Leveraging the pre‐enrichment achieved with this approach, we successfully applied it to Nanopore sequencing, enabling ultra‐fast analysis of novel gene fusions within one hour with high sensitivity. This method offers a robust and remarkably sensitive mean of analyzing novel gene fusions, promising the discovery of pivotal biomarkers that can significantly improve cancer diagnostics and the development of new therapeutic strategies.
Reduction‐Tolerance Electrolyte Design for High‐Energy Lithium Batteries
Authors: Sun Chuangchao , Li Ruhong , Weng Suting , Zhu Chunnan , Chen Long , Jiang Sen , Li Long , Xiao Xuezhang , Liu Chengwu , Chen Lixin , Deng Tao , Wang Xuefeng , Fan Xiulin 
Published: March 2024

AbstractLithium batteries employing Li or silicon (Si) anodes hold promise for the next‐generation energy storage systems. However, their cycling behavior encounters rapid capacity degradation due to the vulnerability of solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs). Though anion‐derived SEIs mitigate this degradation, the unavoidable reduction of solvents introduces heterogeneity to SEIs, leading to fractures during cycling. Here, we elucidate how the reductive stability of solvents, dominated by the electrophilicity (EPT) and coordination ability (CDA), delineates the SEI formed on Li or Si anodes. Solvents exhibiting lower EPT and CDA demonstrate enhanced tolerance to reduction, resulting in inorganic‐rich SEIs with homogeneity. Guided by these criteria, we synthesized three promising solvents tailored for Li or Si anodes. The decomposition of these solvents is dictated by their EPTs under similar solvation structures, imparting distinct characteristics to SEIs and impacting battery performance. The optimized electrolyte, 1 M lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) in N‐Pyrrolidine‐trifluoromethanesulfonamide (TFSPY), achieves 600 cycles of Si anodes with a capacity retention of 81 % (1910 mAh g−1). In anode‐free Cu||LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (NCM523) pouch cells, this electrolyte sustains over 100 cycles with an 82 % capacity retention. These findings illustrate that reducing solvent decomposition benefits SEI formation, offering valuable insights for the designing electrolytes in high‐energy lithium batteries.