bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Synthesis of Rhodium (I) Complexes with Mono and Dithiolato Ligands: Application in Catalytic Hydroformylation of Olefins
Authors: Vargas-Malváez Edgar , Pimentel Georgina , Trujillo Gustavo , Martin Erika 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The thiols,1-phenylethanothiol 1 and 2,4-pentanodithiol 2 were synthesised and used to prepare binuclear rhodium species 3, 4 of the type [Rh2(ìμL)n(cod)2] (L = 1, n = 2; L = 2, n = 1; cod = 1,5cyclooctadiene). NMR and FAB+ mass spectrometry data are consistent with a binuclear structure for the species. These complexes, plus PPh3 or diphosphines (dppp, dppb), were used as catalytic precursors for the hydroformylation of styrene under mild conditions. Fairly good activities and regioselectivities were achieved for catalytic system 3/ PPh3.

Resumen. Los tioles,1-feniletanotiol 1 and 2,4-pentanoditiol 2 fueronsintetizados y empleados para preparar especies binucleares de rodio 3, 4 de formulación [Rh2(ìμL)n(cod)2] (L = 1, n = 2; L = 2, n = 1; cod = 1,5-ciclooctadieno). Los espectros de RMN y espectrometría de masas FAB+ son consistentes con una estructura binuclear para estas especies. Estos complejos junto con Pö3 o difosfinas (dppp, dppb), fueron usados como precursores catalíticos en la hidroformilación de estireno en condiciones suaves de reacción. Con el sistema catalítico 3/PPh3 se alcanzaron buenas actividades y selectividades.
Synthesis, Characterization and Structural Aspects of Three New Nonsymmetrical Bimetallic Dibutyltin (IV) Derivatives
Authors: Reyes Horacio , Santillán Rosa , Ochoa Ma. Eugenia , Romero Margarita , Farfán Norberto 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Three new nonsymmetric bimetallic diorganotin compounds derived from hexadentate Schiff bases were obtained by reaction of 2,6-dihydroxybenzene-1,3-dicarbaldehyde with R-(-)-phenylglycinol, glycine and 2-amino-5-nitrophenol, in the presence of dibutyltin oxide. The full multinuclear NMR analysis, IR and elemental analyses allowed to establish the structures of all new compounds. In the three cases, the 119Sn chemical shifts are indicative of two different pentacoordinated tin atoms in solution. The molecular structure of compound 4 in the solid state shows two distinct tin atoms with different geometries, one is a distorted trigonal bipyramid with the oxygen atoms in the axial positions and the organic moieties and imine nitrogen in equatorial ones; while the other tin shows distorted octahedral geometry due to Sn(2)-O(4) intermolecular coordination, leading to a dimeric specie, with a Sn-O-Sn-O four-membered ring. The most interesting issue in the solid state is that only one of the tin atoms exhibits intermolecular coordination, in spite of the fact that the atoms are nearly equivalents.

Resumen. El presente trabajo describe la síntesis de tres nuevos compuestos diorganoestaño derivados de bases de Schiff hexadentadas, los cuales fueron obtenidos por reacción de 2,6-dihidroxibenceno- 1,3-dicarbaldehido con R-(-)fenilglicinol, glicina y 2-amino-5-nitrofenol, en presencia de óxido de dibutilestaño. La estructura de los nuevos compuestos se estableció por Resonancia Magnética Nuclear Multinuclear, Infrarrojo y Análisis Elemental. Los desplazamientos de RMN de 119Sn de los tres compuestos, en solución, son característicos de átomos de estaño pentacoordinados. La estructura del compuesto 4, en estado sólido, muestra dos átomos de estaño con diferente geometría; uno de ellos de bipirámide trigonal distorsionada, donde los átomos de estaño ocupan posiciones axiales mientras que los sustituyentes orgánicos y el nitrógeno de la imina están en posiciones ecuatoriales; el otro estaño presenta una geometría de octaedro distorsionado debido a la coordinación intermolecular Sn(2)-O(4) que conduce a la formación de una especie dimérica formando un anillo de cuatro miembros. El aspecto más relevante en estado sólido es que sólo uno de los átomos de estaño presenta coordinación intermolecular a pesar de que los átomos son casi equivalentes.
Antifungal Activity of a Protean Extract from Amaranthus hypochondriacus Seeds
Authors: Rivillas-Acevedo Lina , Soriano-García Manuel 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Plants have developed a variety of protection mechanisms which include the synthesis of both, low molecular weight secondary metabolites and macromolecules as proteins and peptides with antimicrobial activity. There are previous reports of antifungal peptides found on the seeds of other Amaranthus species, so it is very probable that these kind of compounds are present in the A. hypochondriacus seeds. This was confirmed by the antifungal activity of a protean extract from A. hypochondricus against such pathogenic fungi as Alternaria alternata, Fusarium solani, Candida albicans, Fusarium oxysporum, Trichoderma sp. and Aspergillus ochraceus. The fungal growth inhibition was evaluated using the “poisoned” agar and the microspectrophotometry tests.

Resumen. Las plantas han desarrollado una variedad de mecanismos de protección contra patógenos entre los que se encuentra la síntesis de metabolitos secundarios y macromoléculas como proteínas y péptidos con actividad antimicrobiana. De las semillas de otras especies de Amaranthus se han aislado péptidos antifúngicos, así que es muy probable que también estén presentes en las semillas de A. hypochondriacus. Lo anterior se confirmó con la actividad antifúngica mostrada por un extracto proteínico de A. hypochondricus contra hongos como Alternaria alternata, Fusarium solani, Candida albicans, Fusarium oxysporum, Trichoderma sp. y Aspergillus ochraceus. La inhibición del crecimiento fúngico se evaluó por los métodos de agar “envenenado” y de análisis microespectrofotométrico.
Homology Modeling and Blind Docking Approach Studies of Pig Heart Fumarase
Authors: Trujillo-Ferrara José , Rosales-Hernández Martha Cecilia , Correa-Basurto José 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The fumarase is an enzyme that could be used as target in drug design to treat infections by Helicobacter pylori and Trypanosoma brucei. In the first step, homology modeling was employed to build the 3D structure of pig heart fumarase (FUM P). Then, Q-Site Finder program was used to identify the potential binding sites of FUM P and fumarase of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (FUM Y). Further, molecular docking of arylderivatives substituted at the aromatic ring with an electron withdrawing or donating groups were evaluated on FUM P and on FUM Y to validate the homology model. The homology model of FUM P showed a structure very similar (70.33 % of identity in sequence) to the crystal structure of FUM Y. Some active sites were identified by Q-Site Finder server on FUM P and on FUM Y which could correspond to sites A and B. The docking results showed that some compounds were bonded at the site A on FUM P and FUM Y being those with electron withdrawing groups with more affinity on FUM P, suggesting that electronic effects are the more important ones during the recognition process by FUM P.

Resumen. La fumarasa es un enzima que podría ser usada como blanco en el diseño de drogas para el tratamiento de infecciones por Helicobacter pylori y Trypanosoma brucei. En este trabajo, se creó la estructura en tercera dimensión (3D) de la fumarasa de corazón de cerdo (FUM P) usando modelado por homología tomando como templete a la fumarasa de Saccharomyces cerevisiae (FUM Y). Después, se usó el programa Q-Site Finder para identificar los posibles sitios de unión de FUM P y FUM Y. Posteriormente, se efectuaron estudios de acoplamiento molecular de un grupo de derivados aril monosustituidos con grupos electrodonadores y electroatractores, sobre la FUM P y la FUM Y, con el fin de validar el modelo por homología. La estructura en 3D de la FUM P mostró alta semejanza estructural (70.33 %) con la estructura cristalina de la FUM Y. Algunos sitios de unión de FUM P identificados con el programa Q-Site Finder corresponden a los sitios A y B de FUM Y. Los resultados de docking mostraron que algunos compuestos interactúan en el sitio A de FUM P FUM Y, siendo los de mayor afinidad aquellos que tienen electroatractores sobre FUM P, lo que sugiere que los efectos electrónicos son los más importantes durante el proceso de reconocimiento para FUM P.
Mesoporous Silica-Lanthanum: Characterization and Catalytic Activity on NO Reduction
Authors: Díaz-Jiménez Lourdes 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. A series of ordered mesoporous silica-lanthanum materials was prepared. The influence of lanthanum into a silica matrix on the structural, textural and acidic properties is described. The mechanical and hydrothermal stability of mesoporous materials were evaluated. The catalytic activity of cobalt catalyst for selective reduction of nitrogen oxide -in the presence of propane- at temperatures between 350 and 550 °C, was tested. A selective reduction of NO by cobaltbased catalyst raised 18 %, at 450 °C.

Resumen. Se preparó una serie de materiales mesoporosos de sílicelantano. Se describe la influencia de la adición de lantano en las propiedades texturales, estructurales y ácidas. También se evaluó la estabilidad térmica e hidrotermal de los materiales. Se probó la actividad catalítica de cobalto, sobre uno de los materiales preparados, en la reducción selectiva de monóxido de nitrógeno con propano a temperaturas entre 350 y 550 °C. Se alcanzó una conversión de 18 % de NO a 450 ºC con el catalizador probado.
Theoretical Investigation Non-covalent Interactions of N-(diphenylphosphinothioyl)-2-pyrazinecarboxamide
Authors: Rashidi Masoud , Dorosti Niloufar , Gholipour Alireza 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. Phosphine chalcogenides can form reliable and reproducible supramolecular synthons through noncovalent interactions that can be employed for designing high dimensional supramolecular architectures. Here, we systematically study the influence of non-covalent interactions in the fabrication of these synthons and the stability of the crystalline structure of (N2C4H3)C(O)NHP(S)(C6H5)2 (1) through non-covalent interactions (NCI) analysis, molecular Hirshfeld surfaces and the corresponding two-dimensional (2D) fingerprint plots. The theoretical studies were employed to further confirm the presence of these synthons by comparing the stabilization energies of the dimers and monomers. The nature and electronic structure of the phosphor-chalcogenid bond in (N2C4H3)C(O)NHP(E)(OC6H5)2(E = S(1), O(2), and Se (3)) have also been evaluated by QTAIM, NBO, MEP, and HOMO-LUMO energy gaps.

Resumen. Los calcogenuros de fosfina pueden formar sintones moleculares confiables y reproducibles por medio de interacciones nocovalentes que se pueden utilizar para diseñar arquitecturas supramoleculares de alta dimensionalidad. En este trabajo estudiamos sistemáticamente la influencia de las interacciones nocovalentes en la preparación de estos sintones y en la estabilidad de la estructura cristalina de N2C4H3)C(O)NHP(S)(C6H5)2 (1), usando el análisis NCI de interacciones nocovalentes, las superficies moleculares de Hirshfeld y sus correspondientes gráficas bidimensionales (2D). Los estudios teóricos se usaron para confirmar la presencia de estos sintones al comparar las energías de estabilización de los dímeros y monómeros. La naturaleza y estructura electrónica del enlace fósforo-calcogenuro en (N2C4H3)C(O)NHP(E)(OC6H5)2(E = S(1), O(2), y Se (3)) también se estudiaron con QTAIM, NBO, MEP y el gap de energía HOMO-LUMO.
Synthesis and NMR characterization of Bile Acid Derivatives Bearing Ugi 4CR-Modified Side Chains
Authors: Vazquez-Chavez Josué , Verdeja-Perdomo Brian A. , Iglesias-Arteaga Martin A. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract. The application of the four-component Ugi reaction for the synthesis of five bile acid derivatives bearing modified side chains is described. The unambiguous structural characterization and assignment of the functional 1H NMR signals and all 13C{1H} NMR chemical shifts are presented.

Resumen. Se describe la aplicación de la reacción de cuatro componentes de Ugi a la síntesis de cinco derivados de ácidos biliares que portan cadenas laterales modificadas. Se presenta la caracterización estructural inequívoca y la asignación de las señales funcionales de 1H RMN y de todos los desplazamientos químicos de 13C{1H} RMN.
PERSEPSI PEDAGANG TENTANG KEBERSIHAN DAN SANITASI PASAR PURING KOTA PONTIANAK TAHUN 2023
Authors: Mutia Mutia , Anwar Taufik , Salbiah Salbiah 
Published: March 2024

Persepsi pedagang mengenai sampah sering kali tidak ditanggapi dengan baik oleh pedagang di Pasar puring sehingga menimbulkan penumpukan sampah yang berlebihan dan bisa berdampak terhadap kebersihan dan sanitasi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi pedagang tentang kebersihan dan sanitasi, dan menganalisis hubungan antara persepsi pedagang terhadap kebersihan dan sanitasi pasar puring Kota Pontianak. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan desain cross sectional. Sampel yang digunakan 63 responden dengan Teknik Acak Sederhana (simple random sampling). Teknik untuk menganalisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Pasar Puring, Siantan Tengah, Kecamatan Pontianak Utara, Kalimantan Barat. Hasil penelitian ini menggunakan uji chi square diperoleh hasil nilai sig/p value 0,03 < α 0,05 bahwa ada hubungan persepsi pedagang tentang kebersihan dan sanitasi pasar puring. Sebagian besar pedagang pasar puring mempunyai persepsi yang kurang baik dan kurang bersih tentang kebersihan dan sanitasi pasar puring. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini ada hubungan persepsi pedagang tentang kebersihan dan sanitasi pasar puring kota pontianak tahun 2023.
GAMBARAN EVALUASI KEGIATAN UPAYA PENINGKATAN ANGKA BEBAS JENTIK (ABJ) DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS NANGA PINOH 2022
Authors: Sahrunika Cahyani Rahmanisa  , Fathmawati Fathmawati , MaIik Saepudin  
Published: March 2024

Angka bebas jentik di Penyakit DBD masih menjadi masalah kesehatan dan ancaman serius di seluruh wilayah di Indonesia di tahun 2022, jumlah kasus Dengue di Indonesia sampai ke 2022 dilaporkan 45.387 kasus. Pada Provinsi Kalimantan Barat jumlah kasus warga terjangkit demam berdarah dangue (DBD) meningkat drastis. Sejak Januari hingga Oktober 2022, setidaknya sudah ada 985 kasus. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini, yaitu mendeskripsikan gambaran evaluasi kegiatan upaya peningkatan Angka Bebas Jentik (ABJ) di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Nanga Pinoh 2022. Metode penelitian yang digunakan wawancara pelaksana program hygiene sanitasi di puskesmas Nanga Pinoh. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa dana kegiatan kurang mencukupi untuk melaksanakan kegiatan peningkatan ABJ di wilayah kerja menjadi penghambat dalam kegiatan peningkatan ABJ, dalam proses kegiatan peningkatan ABJ pelaporan telah dilakukan dengan baik, target peningkatan ABJ belum mencapai target yang telah di tetapkan yaitu 95%.
PENGARUH VIDEO KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN REMAJA PUTRI TENTANG BAHAYA KEHAMILAN USIA DINI DI SMAN 2 SELAKAU
Authors: Haulia Haulia , Marsia Marsia , Rangkuti FSRH Winnellia 
Published: March 2024

Kesehatan reproduksi remaja adalah suatu kondisi kesehatan yang memuat tentang masalah kesehatan organ reproduksi yang persiapannya dimulai dari masa remaja ditandai dengan menstruasi pertama untuk gadis remaja.Masa remaja merupakan masa transisi antara anak-anak dan orang dewasa, mulai dari usia sekolah menuju usia kerja, serta memasuki usia reproduksi. Kehamilan remaja merupakan kehamilan yang terjadi pada wanita yang berusia 14-20 tahun baik pada remaja yang sudah menikah maupun yang belum menikah. Kehamilan remaja memberikan risiko yang sangat tinggi terhadap kematian ibu dan bayi, hal ini dikarenakan kehamilan remaja bisa menyebabkan terjadinya perdarahan pada saat hamil yang berisiko terhadap kematian ibu. Oleh karena itu, untuk menghindari risiko yang berbahaya bagi remaja, diperlukan adanya pencerahan, perhatian, dan perlindungan yang khusus, agar remaja memahami cara memproteksi diri dari berbagai bahaya yang dapat merugikan masa depannya melalui video kesehatan reproduksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian Quasy Experiment, yaitu penelitian yang menguji coba suatu intervensi pada suatu objek dengan atau tanpa kelompok pembanding namun tidak dilakukan randominasi untuk memasukan subjek ke dalam kelompok perlakuan atau kontrol. Desain eksperimental dalam penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan pre test and post test without control group design dimana pada desain ini, peneliti hanya melakukan intevensi pada satukelompok tanpa kelompok pembanding. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner dengan mengambil data secara langsung. Hasil penelitian sebelum diberikan media video kesehatan reproduksi dengan nilai rata-rata (mean) sebesar 70.33% dengan klasifikasi pengetahuan paling banyak kategori cukup yaitu sebanyak 31 responden (52.5%). Adapun hasil penelitian setelah diberikan media video kesehatan reproduksi dengan nilai rata-rata (mean) sebesar 81.49% dengan klasifikasi pengetahuan paling banyak dengan kategori baik yaitu sebanyak 43 responden (72.9%).Terdapat perbedaan pengetahuan remaja sebelum dan sesudah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan melalui video tentang bahaya kehamilan usia dini dengan p value (0,000) pada uji wilcoxon. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah pengetahuan remaja sesudah diberikan pendidikan kesehatan melalui video lebih tinggi dibandingkan sebelum diberikan pendidikan kesehatan melalui video.
Infrared Thermal Imaging during the Estrous Cycle in Adult Wistar Rats
Authors: Mihalovičová Lucia , Kunšteková Veronika , Miláček Dávid , Feješ Andrej , Tekeľová Mária , Renczés Emese , Celec Peter , Borbélyová Veronika 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe collection and examination method of vaginal smears is the standard for the determination of ovulation or phases of the estrous cycle of rodents used in research. However, this method is time consuming and may not be amenable to continual monitoring of a large number of animals. Infrared thermography has recently emerged as a noninvasive technique that requires relatively little handling of animals. The body temperature of rodents has been shown to correlate with the ocular surface temperature. This study aimed to evaluate the use of thermographic monitoring of the ocular surface for the identification of estrus in rats. Vaginal smears were collected from female Wistar rats (n = 22) for 14 consecutive days. Core body temperature was estimated by measuring ocular surface temperature using a thermal camera; vaginal temperature was measured using a digital thermometer. Average temperatures were calculated for each rat for each phase of the estrous cycle. The highest core body and vaginal temperature were measured during the estrus phase (37.2 ± 0.6 °C and 37.7 ± 0.6 °C, respectively). The temperatures then fell as the rat entered the diestrus phase (36.8 ± 0.5 °C and 37 ± 0.5 °C). The core body temperature was positively correlated with vaginal temperature (r = 0.697, P < 0.001). In conclusion, thermography is a less invasive method of determining estrus in rats as compared with vaginal smear collection. However, thermography is less accurate and requires at least a 12-d period of measurement.
Determination of Postmortem Interval in Mice
Authors: Howie Rachel R , McKinney Michael M , Tataryn Nicholas M , Cole Allysa L , Dupont William D , Yang Tzushan S , Gibson-Corley Katherine N 
Published: March 2024

AbstractDespite the major use of mice in biomedical research, little information is available with regard to identifying their postmortem changes and using that information to determine the postmortem interval (PMI), defined as the time after death. Both PMI and environmental conditions influence decomposition (autolysis and putrefaction) and other postmortem changes. Severe decomposition compromises lesion interpretation and disease detection and wastes limited pathology resources. The goal of this study was to assess postmortem changes in mice in room temperature cage conditions and under refrigeration at 4 °C to develop gross criteria for the potential value of further gross and histologic evaluation. We used 108 experimentally naïve C57BL/6 mice that were humanely euthanized and then allocated them into 2 experimental groups for evaluation of postmortem change: room temperature (20 to 22 °C) or refrigeration (4 °C). PMI assessments, including gross changes and histologic scoring, were performed at hours 0, 4, 8, and 12 and on days 1 to 14. Factors such as temperature, humidity, ammonia in the cage, and weight change were also documented. Our data indicates that carcasses held at room temperature decomposed faster than refrigerated carcasses. For most tissues, decomposition was evident by 12 h at room temperature as compared with 5 d under refrigeration. At room temperature, gross changes were present by day 2 as compared with day 7 under refrigeration. Mice at room temperature lost 0.78% of their baseline body weight per day as compared with 0.06% for refrigerated mice (95% CI for difference 0.67% to 0.76%, P < 0.0005). This study supports the consideration of temperature and PMI as important factors affecting the suitability of postmortem tissues for gross and histologic evaluation and indicates that storage of carcasses under refrigeration will significantly slow autolysis.
Folk bred grape cultivars in Central Asia
Authors: Arzumanov V. A. 
Published: March 2024

Central Asia is one of the largest and most important genetic centers of origin of many cultivated plants, especially fruit plants, including grapes (Vitis vinifera L.). Some local forms have survived to this day in their pristine condition thanks to the attachment of peoples to ‘their’ varieties. This original assortment, which naturally attracts interest of researchers, helped to determine the areas of folk bred varieties concentration in Central Asia and Kazakhstan. Studies of landraces started as early as the beginning of the 20th century. Very prominent botanists, namely Mikhail Grigorievich Popov, Pavel Aleksandrovich Baranov, Ivan Tikhonovich Vassilczenko and others, studied the diversity and regional adaptation of V. vinifera. Ancient grape landraces of Central Asia contain forms with large clusters and berries. Extremely valuable seedless and ultra-early varieties are often found here.As a result of our surveys, we collected more than 700 local cultivars and wild forms of grapes. All the gathered samples are subjected to a comprehensive study in order to identify their economically valuable traits and properties. This made it possible to identify individual cultivars that can be used on the industrial scale.
Global Religious History and Religious Comparison: a Programmatic Outline
Authors: Strube Julian 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This introduction outlines the contributions of Global Religious History, or Global History of Religion, to the issue of religious comparison. First, it argues for religious comparison as an integral part of religious studies that should not be abandoned but revised. Second, it addresses the larger framework of debates in religious studies and global history, arguing for the value of Global Religious History in avoiding Eurocentrism, but also tendencies within the postcolonial spectrum that mirror Eurocentric shortcomings. What is often perceived as a crisis in religious studies is understood here as an ongoing process of reflection and refinement that allows us to contextualize both the object of study and its researcher. Finally, this outline presents concrete elements that can inform revised approaches to religious comparison, including a genealogical method, entanglement and decentered historiography, and translingual practice. This allows us to expand our scope not only geographically, but also temporally.