bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
CARL Library Impact Framework
Authors: Robertson Mark 
Published: March 2024

In December 2021, the Canadian Association of Research Libraries (CARL) released the CARL Library Impact Framework (CLIF). While library impact has been a topic of discussion for many years, CLIF offers a new contribution to the dialogue on the demonstration of impact of research libraries. The concept of impact pathways was borrowed from the Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences report entitled Approaches to Assessing Impacts in the Humanities and Social Sciences. To realize the impact pathways concept, CLIF has adapted a logic model framework. This approach provides users of CLIF with a way to represent a more complete arc of influence of research libraries systematically and visually. By design, CLIF encourages the use of assessment techniques and tools beyond the quantitative data collection and descriptive statistics often used by research libraries. This paper provides an overview of CLIF, its genesis, intent, structure, and possibilities for its application in research libraries.
Incorporating Connectivity Information in Spatiotemporal Graph Convolution Model for Traffic Flow Prediction
Authors: Huo Boyan , Bao Shumei , Chen Chen , Lv Xiaoyi , Chen Cheng , Zhang Ziyuan , Zhang Xiaokun 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Traffic flow prediction is extremely important for intelligent transportation systems. Accurate traffic flow prediction not only depends on the traffic flow data of the predicted node itself, but also on the traffic flow data of other nodes. These nodes can be mainly divided into the adjacent nodes of the predicted node, the multi-order adjacent nodes corresponding to different prediction durations, and other nodes. In this paper, by constructing an incidence matrix to integrate these nodes' information, the strong correlation between the adjacent nodes and the predicted node is first verified by the Pearson correlation coefficient. Secondly, the multi-order adjacent nodes corresponding to different prediction durations are calculated based on the distance and speed between different nodes. To address the influence of other nodes, a global correlation measurement function is used to evaluate the overall traffic information in Euclidean distance and Manhattan distance, enhancing the learning ability of global information. The incidence matrix is constructed by integrating the information of adjacent nodes, multi-order adjacent nodes, and global information. Finally, as a supplement to the multi-order adjacent information, traffic speed is added as external information. In this paper, a spatiotemporal graph convolution model constructed by Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) and Gate Recurrent Unit (GRU) is used to model the spatiotemporal correlation of data. The experimental results on the London M25 highway dataset show that the proposed model achieves good performance compared with other baseline methods.
Knowledge and practices of youth awareness on death and dying in school settings: a systematic scoping review protocol
Authors: Allard Émilie , Coupat Clémence , Lessard Sabrina , Therrien Noémie , Godard-Sebillotte Claire , Létourneau Dimitri , Nguyen Olivia , Côté Andréanne , Fortin Gabrielle , Daneault Serge , Soulières Maryse , Gall Josiane Le , Fortin Sylvie 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Background.
Awareness-raising and education have been identified as strategies to counter the taboo surrounding death and dying. As the favoured venue for youth education, schools have an essential role to play in informing future decision-makers. However, school workers are not comfortable addressing the subjects of death and dying, which, unlike other social issues, have no guidelines to influence awareness of these subjects in youth.
Objectives
. To systematically explore the knowledge and practices on raising awareness about death and dying in schools, the viewpoints of the people involved (young people, school workers; parents), and the factors that either promote or hinder awareness practices.
Method.
The scoping review method of Levac, Colquhoun and O'Brien (1) will be used. Using a combination of keywords and descriptors, a body of literature will be identified through 15 databases and through grey literature searches, manual searches, consultation of key collaborators, and the list of relevant literature. Publications since 2009 will be selected if they relate directly to awareness-raising about death and dying in schools. Writings will be selected and extracted by two independent people, and conflicts resolved by consensus. The extracted data will be synthesized using a thematic analysis method. Experts from a variety of disciplines (health sciences, humanities, social sciences, and education) will be consulted to enhance the interpretation of the preliminary results. Results will be presented in narrative form and will include tables and diagrams.
Conclusion.
The results of this scoping review will contribute to the development of educational practices adapted to young people and to the identification of future avenues of research on awareness of death and dying.
Unraveling secondary school girls’ dropout in Rural Malawi through self-determination
Authors: Banda Lazarus obed Livingstone , Banda Jane Thokozani , Banda Chigonjetso Victoria 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Contextualized within global efforts to advance sustainable development, research into the dropout rates of rural secondary school girls in low-income nations gains profound relevance. Through Self-determination theory, and motivated by Sustainable Development Goals 4 and 5, the study examines the psychological needs impacting female students' motivation to drop out of school. Through semi-structured interviews, observations, and document analysis, it delineates the adverse effects of compromised autonomy, competence, and relatedness attributed to systemic challenges within educational institutions, pedagogical practices, and familial settings. The findings underscore the criticality of enhancing the educational engagement and retention of girls, pinpointing educator absenteeism, peer ridicule, parental indifference, stringent parenting, economic hardships, and alternative career aspirations as pivotal to understanding dropout dynamics. The recommendations for bolstering girls' perceptions are imperative for fostering conducive learning environments for sustained educational participation. Our emphasis on targeted interventions and the call for comprehensive future research resonate with the SDGs' overarching framework, advocating for evidence-based policies and practices that can drive sustainable development across multiple domains. This study contributes to the academic discourse on educational retention and provides actionable insights for stakeholders towards the realization of the SDGs, highlighting the interconnectedness of educational attainment, gender equality, and sustainable development.
Laser beam welding of copper under vacuum to extend the process limits
Authors: Schleser Markus , Liebe Philipp , Gerhards Benjamin , Gerhards Benedikt 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study explores challenges and innovations in laser beam welding of copper, focusing on infrared lasers, beam shaping and laser welding under vacuum (LaVa). Using a Trumpf TruFiber 2000 P and a Trumpf TruDisc 6000 with BrightLine technology, the research examines copper welding under reduced ambient pressure to improve process stability and seam quality. High-speed camera observations reveal unique behaviours such as a smaller molten pool and capillary expansion under vacuum conditions. Single-mode fiber laser welding shows improved stability and a reduced number of melt ejections. Similarly, BrightLine technology shows a smaller molten pool, increased stability and greater penetration depth at lower welding velocities under vacuum. Comparisons between atmospheric and vacuum welding highlight the benefits of the latter, emphasising uniformity and minimal melt ejection. Process stability correlates with weld quality, demonstrating the benefits of vacuum conditions. The combination of vacuum and established welding techniques extends the boundaries of the process, achieving higher stability and seam quality with both types of lasers. The results show that the combination of vacuum conditions with proven welding approaches extends the process limits in copper laser welding. The potential for greater stability and improved weld quality, particularly in single-mode fiber laser welding, enables lower welding velocities and therefore greater penetration depths under vacuum conditions.
Multi-Task Deep Learning for Multi-Parameter Elastic Inversion
Authors: Li Duo , Jiang Peng , Yang Senlin , Zhang Fengkai 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Elastic waveform inversion plays a vital role in estimating the Earth's subsurface property. The inversion of multiple elastic parameters from observation data has been regarded as a cutting-edge and challenging issue due to its severe non-linearity and ill-posed nature. Deep learning approaches have recently demonstrated incredible potential in simulating non-linear mapping and made remarkable achievements in geophysical inversion. In this work, we consider multi-parameter elastic inversion as a multi-task learning problem and propose to accomplish the three tasks sequentially by a deep neural network with sequential decoders, which we name ElasInvNet. Specifically, we reconstruct the three elastic parameters, P-velocity, S-velocity, and density, one after the other, and use the features from the former task as the prior information to assist the later tasks' reconstruction. We verified the effectiveness of the proposed ElasInvNet through comprehensive comparisons and ablation studies.
Characteristics and analysis of PM2.5 particles in a light polluted atmosphere in winter
Authors: HU Feng , WANG Xinglei , LI Qi 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
In order to study the micro-morphological characteristics of PM2.5 and its effect on ambient air quality, in this paper, 7500F scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the micromorphology, elemental composition of PM2.5 and its effect on ambient air quality during heavy polluted weather in Yining City during the winter of 2018–2019. The results show that there are a lot of big solid shape, small strip shape and a little irregular shape. In addition, the amount of PM2.5 particles adsorbed on the quartz fiber filter membrane was higher, which indicated that the urban area was greatly affected by PM2.5 particles. Based on the analysis of particulate matter and the heating time and environmental conditions of samples in winter heating season, the conclusion is drawn that the sample PM2.5 is rich in N, S, P, C, Na, Ge, Rb, Zn, Fe, Mg, Al, Mo, Pt, Pb, the results show that the urban area is mainly affected by industrial dust, road dust, construction cement dust, vehicle exhaust dust and coal combustion in winter heating Through the analysis and evaluation of the sample data, it shows that PM2.5 has obvious effect on the sensitive population.
Nacre-like surface nanolaminates induce superior fatigue resistance in gradient pure titanium
Authors: Zhang Xiancheng , Zhang Yong , He Chenyun , Yu Qin , Li Xiao , Wang Xiaogang , Wang Ji , Jiang Chao , Jia Yunfei , Sun Binhan , Ritchie Robert , Tu Shan-Tung 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Fatigue failure is invariably the most crucial failure mode for metallic structural components. Most microstructural strategies for enhancing fatigue resistance are effective in suppressing either crack initiation or early-stage crack propagation, but often do not work for both synergistically. Here, we demonstrate that this challenge can be overcome by architecting a gradient structure consisting of a surface layer of nacre-like nanolaminates followed by multi-variant twinned structure in pure titanium. The surface nanolaminates are featured by regulated horizontal (lamellar parallel) high-angle grain boundaries and vertical (lamellar perpendicular) low-angle grain boundaries. The polarized accommodation of different types of grain boundaries to cyclic loading enhances the structural stability of surface nanolaminates against grain thickening and microstructure softening, thereby delaying surface roughening and thus crack nucleation. The decohesion of the nanolaminated grains along horizonal high-angle grain boundaries gives rise to an extraordinarily high frequency (~ 1.7×103 times per mm) of fatigue crack deflection, which effectively reduces the fatigue crack propagation rate (by 2 orders of magnitude lower than the homogeneous coarse-grained counterpart). These intriguing features of the surface nanolaminates, along with the various toughening mechanisms activated in the subsurface twinned structure, result in a fatigue resistance that is far superior to the homogeneous and gradient structures with equiaxed grains. Our work on architecting the surface nanolaminates in gradient structure provides a scalable and sustainable strategy in designing fatigue-resistant alloys by structuring gradients/heterogeneity.
Preparation of medium-low strength hemihydrate gypsum from phosphogypsum and grey correlation evaluation of autoclaving energy consumption
Authors: Liu Dongmei , Yan Mengyu , Nan Cong , Xu Gang , Zhou Wanqing , Peng Yanzhou , Wang Bin 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

This study explored the production of a medium-low strength α-hemihydrate gypsum (α-HH) from phosphogypsum (PG) using an autoclaved method. The influence of slurry concentration, spreading thickness, crystallizing agents, slurry pH, autoclaving temperature, and autoclaving time on the properties of α-HH was investigated. The energy consumption of various autoclaving processes was assessed using grey correlation theory. The research findings revealed that a 50% slurry concentration, 40 mm slurry spreading thickness, and 0.15% succinic acid as the crystallizing agent, with a slurry pH of 6, can yield α-HH crystals with an average aspect ratio of 1.42 and a high hemihydrate gypsum content of 80.06%. Increasing the autoclaving temperature and extending the autoclaving time resulted in a higher strength of α-HH. Autoclaving the slurry at 105°C for 2.5 hours yielded α-HH with a compressive strength of only 12.1 MPa. In contrast, autoclaving at 120°C for 4 hours produced α-HH with a higher compressive strength of 37.1 MPa. Grey correlation analysis revealed that the strength and energy consumption indices of the α-HH preparation had the highest correlation with the ideal sequence when autoclaved at 105°C for 4 hours, resulting in a compressive strength of 20.5 MPa.
Effect of priming on germination of sixth wheat varieties (Triticum durum Desf.)
Authors: Fourati Hammami , Ahmed Ben Ahmed Ben 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
The present work compares the effect of priming on sixth Tunisian wheat varieties under normal and salt conditions at germination stage. It revealed that salinity have significantly reduced the growth attributes like germination percentage, germination index, coefficient of velocity, vigor index, seedling length, dry weight and water content with subsequent treatments. Salinity stress was induced by using NaCl in 100 mM. Seeds of the sixth cultivars primed with water (0 mM), Sodium Nitroprusside (0.06 mM), Calcium Silicate (8 mM), Potassium Nitrate (10 mM) have not only improved germination percentage but also considerably reduced germination time and increased germination index (GI), coefficient of velocity (CV) and vigor index indicating the potential for tolerating saline conditions. Seedling growth (seedling length, dry weight) and water content of seeds primed with H2O, SNP, Si, KNO3 was significantly higher than other non-primed seeds under the saline conditions. Priming with different agent was effective, nevertheless, the best results were obtained with SNP, Si and KNO3. On the other hand, seed priming with various priming agent has proved to be effective in inducing salt tolerance in terms of germination parameters, seedling characteristics, and water content in the sixth local commercial wheat cultivars.
On-chip all-optical nonreciprocal device for short-pulse isolator based on free carrier dispersion effect
Authors: Hong Qilin , Xu Wei , Xia Gongyu , Chen Wen , Zheng Qilin , Liu Jiacheng , Zhu Pingyu , Zhang Jianfa , Xu Ping , Zhu Zhihong 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Chip-scale nonreciprocal devices, including isolators and circulators, are indispensable in the application of optical communications, all-optical signal processing and LiDAR, holding the advantages of small-size, mass-production and portability. Approaches that involve the integration of magnetooptical materials and spatiotemporal modulation have been demonstrated, yet with a high insertionloss or requiring additional bias. Here, we proposed a novel all-optical, passive, bias-free nonreciprocal silicon chip based on free carrier dispersion effect for short pulse application scenarios. An asymmetric and scalable silicon resonator is fabricated using a standard CMOS technique with the footprint of only 100 μm2, showing a nonreciprocal transmission ratio of 25 dB, with an insertion loss as low as 1.65 dB under CW laser conditions. A clear blue shift with 0.03 nm is observed under 1 ns pulse with the incident operated peak power ranging from 13 mW to 105 mW. Furthermore, we apply it for chip-based isolator with a high isolation ratio and LiDAR with a spatial resolution down to 15 cm. Such short-pulse suitable nonreciprocal devices can greatly enhance the spatial resolution of LiDAR or increase the on-chip integration density since the reflecting-safe distance is greatly shortened. Therefore, this work provides a building block for high-performance chip-scale LiDAR and high integration density optical processing and communication devices.
Climate change impacts on livestock in Brazil
Authors: Ferreira Nicole , Andrade Rafaella Resende , Ferreira Leonardo Nascimento 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Brazilian livestock provides a significant fraction of the food consumed globally, making the country one of the largest producers and exporters of meat, milk and eggs. However, current advances in the production of protein from Brazilian animal origin may be directly impacted by climate change and the resulting biophysical effects. Therefore, it is strategically consistent to develop measures to deal with the resulting environmental heat stress on domesticated animal species, especially the need in developing countries. This work aims to (1) evaluate the impacts of climate change on livestock in different regions of Brazil and (2) discuss possible response strategies, associated with animal comfort and welfare. From our results, we can draw better strategies to mitigate the impacts of climate change on livestock production. The results presented show an increase of high heat stress in South and Southeast and an increase of extreme heat stress in North and Central-West areas of Brazil. The rise in extreme heat stress tends to occur mostly during spring and summer and tends to vary considering the different evaluated species. Within the evaluated species, the ones that seem to be more affected by climate changes are Poultry, pigs, cattle-beef and general (temperature-humidity index value). The differences between the results for the five geographic regions in Brazil suggests that different mitigation measures need to be considered to cope with future heat stress in livestock. To ensure the long-term success of Brazil's influence on the global market for proteins of animal origin, it must achieve sustainable production systems more intensively.
Impact of environmental factors on Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii infection in breeding ewes from western Mexico
Authors: Alcalá-Gómez Jaime , Medina-Esparza Leticia , Quezada-Tristán Teódulo , Alcalá-Gómez Gabriela 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii are among the foremost causes of reproductive issues in sheep. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the influence of environmental factors associated with N. caninum and T. gondii infections in breeding ewes from western Mexico. A total of 184 blood samples were collected from breeding ewes to determine the seroprevalence of N. caninum and T. gondii using ELISA testing. With the seroprevalence data and information on the climatic and geographic conditions of the regions, environmental factors associated with N. caninum and T. gondii infections were identified through logistic regression analysis. A 15.21% of animals were found to have N. caninum antibodies (27/184), while a 61.9% prevalence (114/184) was observed in the case of T. gondii. The primary risk factors associated with N. caninum were Köppen climate area Ca(w1) with an odds ratio (OR) of 6.55 and Rainfall (700–800 mm) with an OR of 3.23. In the diagnosis of T. gondii, 113 positive sheep out of 184 included in the study were identified. In the risk analysis for T. gondii, the main risk factors observed were Köppen climate area Cb(w1) with an OR of 10.5 and Rainfall (900–1000 mm) with an OR of 4.6.
Optimization of growth conditions of Streptomyces sp in Rock phosphate beneficiation process
Authors: Mohamed Gamal A. , Abdelkader Rofaida S. , Weesa Susan E. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

The current study is part of a project aimed at optimizing the growth conditions of the most bioactive Streptomces sp. strain isolated from rock phosphate waste (RW). Growth conditions include inoculum size, incubation time, temperature, initial pH, carbon source, and exposure period to UV ray on solid medium. This strain was found to grow efficiently when 1 ml of 1–2 X 10− 8 CFU inoculum excited with UV ray for up to 3 hours with inoculated in 1.0 kgl-1 RW for 7 days with an optimal temperature of 35˚C, pH 7 ± 0.2 on D-glucose. The processed RW is separated into 6 layers according to particle size. The P2O5% content increased from 16.28% to 18.80 P2O5% at room temperature and 22.30 P2O5% at 35˚C. Hence, this study focused on evaluating the role of Streptomyces in RW beneficiation. The results of Streptomyces growth on RW under ideal conditions showed beneficiation occurs in the rock composition according to the size of the particles, which leads to a redistribution of the P2O5% concentration in the layers. The importance of this research focusing on the role of Streptomyces RW biomining maximizes the benefits by controlling the conditions Streptomyces growth.