bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The Use of Metabolomes in Risk Stratification of Heart Failure Patients: Protocol for a Scoping Review
Authors: Adamu Umar Gati , Badianyama Marheb , Mpanya Dineo , Maseko Muzi , Tsabedze Nqoba 
Published: February 2024

Background
Heart failure (HF) is a significant health problem that is often associated with major morbidity and mortality. Metabolic abnormalities occur in HF and may be used to identify individuals at risk of developing the condition. Furthermore, these metabolic changes may play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of HF. Despite this knowledge, the utility of metabolic changes in diagnosis, management, prognosis, and therapy for patients with chronic HF has not been systematically reviewed.

Objective
This scoping review aims to systematically appraise the literature on metabolic changes in patients with HF, describe the role of these changes in pathogenesis, progression, and care, and identify knowledge gaps to inform future research.

Methods
This review will be conducted using a strategy based on previous reports, the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis, and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines. A comprehensive search of electronic databases (Medline, EBSCOhost, Scopus, and Web of Science) will be conducted using keywords related to HF, myocardial failure, metabolomes, metabonomics, and analytical chemistry techniques. The search will include original peer-reviewed research papers (clinical studies conducted on humans and systematic reviews with or without a meta-analysis) published between January 2010 and September 2023. Studies that include patients with HF younger than 18 years or those not published in English will be excluded. Two authors (UGA and MB) will screen the titles and abstracts independently and perform a full-text screen of the relevant and eligible papers. Relevant data will be extracted and synthesized, and a third author or group will be consulted to resolve discrepancies.

Results
This scoping review will span from January 2010 to September 2023, and the results will be published in a peer-reviewed, open-access journal as a scoping review in 2024. The presentation of the findings will use the PRISMA-ScR flow diagram and descriptive and narrative formats, including tables and graphical displays, to provide a comprehensive overview of the extracted data.

Conclusions
This review aims to collect and analyze the available evidence on metabolic changes in patients with HF, aiming to enhance our current understanding of this topic. Additionally, this review will identify the most commonly used and suitable sample, analytical method, and specific metabolomes to facilitate standardization, reproducibility of results, and application in the diagnosis, treatment, and risk stratification of patients with HF. Finally, it is hoped that this review’s outcomes will inspire further research into the metabolomes of patients with HF in low- and middle-income countries.

Trial Registration
Open Science Framework; https://osf.io/sp6xj

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/53905
Comparison of Spontaneous Pushing and Directed Pushing During the Second Stage of Labor Among Chinese Women Without Epidural Analgesia: Protocol for a Noninferior Feasibility Study
Authors: Yao Jiasi , Roth Heike , Anderson Debra , Lu Hong , Rong Huijuan , Baird Kathleen 
Published: February 2024

Background
Maternal pushing during the second stage of labor could influence labor progress and maternal-neonatal outcomes. Although the image of health care providers directing the laboring women to push during the second stage of labor could be commonly observed globally, this practice is not sufficiently researched and is questioned regarding its effectiveness and outcomes on the mother and baby. Meanwhile, a strategy referred to as “spontaneous pushing,” which supports women to push by following their bodily urges, has been evaluated in several trials. However, in China, spontaneous pushing is not common practice. Notwithstanding the evaluation of spontaneous pushing, there is a lack of high-quality evidence to support either strategies of directed pushing or spontaneous pushing.

Objective
This study aims to test the feasibility of a future randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of spontaneous pushing and directed pushing during the second stage of labor for maternal and neonatal outcomes in China.

Methods
A nonrandomized, single-group, noninferiority feasibility study will be conducted in a public hospital in Hebei Province, China. In total, 105 women meeting the selection criteria will be recruited to receive the intervention (spontaneous pushing), while 105 sets of medical notes from women who received routine care (directed pushing) will be identified and reviewed to compare outcomes for both cohorts. A mixed methods approach will be used to assess primary outcomes (feasibility and acceptability) and secondary outcomes (effectiveness).

Results
Data collection took place between May and October 2023. A total of 110 women were invited to participate in the intervention of spontaneous pushing. Midwives’ interviews were conducted and will be transcribed for analysis in March 2024. The data analysis is planned to be completed by May 2024.

Conclusions
This feasibility study will provide important information by conducting a full-scale clinical trial in the future as well as the potential facilitators and barriers of it. A future randomized controlled trial is likely to have considerable policy and funding impacts regarding pushing management during the second stage of labor and improvement in women’s childbirth experience.

Trial Registration
Chinese Clinical Trial Register ChiCTR2300071178; https://tinyurl.com/mudtnbft

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/55701
Effects of the Prolong Life With Nine Turn-Method Qigong on Fatigue, Insomnia, Anxiety, and Gastrointestinal Disorders in Patients With Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (Preprint)
Authors: Xie Fangfang , You Yanli , Gu Yuanjia , Xu Jiatuo , Yao Fei 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a debilitating multisystem disorder that can lead to various pathophysiological abnormalities and symptoms, including insomnia, gastrointestinal disorders, and anxiety. Due to the side effects of currently available drugs, there is a growing need for safe and effective nondrug therapies. The Prolong Life With Nine Turn (PLWNT) Qigong method is a system of mind-body exercise with restorative benefits that can alleviate the clinical symptoms of CFS and impart a significant inhibitory effect. Various studies have proven the treatment efficacy of PLWNT; however, the impact on insomnia, gastrointestinal disorders, and anxiety in patients with CFS has not yet been investigated.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the PLWNT method in terms of its effects on fatigue, insomnia, anxiety, and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with CFS.

METHODS

We will conduct a randomized, analyst-blinded, parallel-controlled trial with a 12-week intervention and 8-week follow-up. A total of 208 patients of age 20-60 years will be recruited. The patients will be randomly divided into a PLWNT Qigong exercise group (PLWNT Group) and a control group treated with cognitive behavioral therapy at a ratio of 1:1. Participants from the treatment groups will be taught by a highly qualified professor at the Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine once a week and will be supervised via web during the remaining 6 days at home, over 12 consecutive weeks. The primary outcome will be the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory 20, while the secondary outcomes include the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, functional magnetic resonance imaging, gut microbiota, and peripheral blood.

RESULTS

The study was approved by the ethics committee of Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in March 2022 (Ethics Approval Number 2022SHL-KY-05). Recruitment started in July 2022. The intervention is scheduled to be completed in December 2024, and data collection will be completed by the end of January 2025. Over the 3-year recruitment period, 208 participants will be recruited. Data management is still in progress; therefore, data analysis has yet to be performed.

CONCLUSIONS

This randomized trial will evaluate the effectiveness of the PLWNT method in relieving fatigue, insomnia, anxiety, and gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with CFS. If proven effective, it will provide a promising alternative intervention for patients with CFS.

CLINICALTRIAL

China Clinical Trials Registry ChiCTR2200061229; https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=162803

INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT

PRR1-10.2196/53347
Interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation for immigrants with chronic pain who need language interpretation
Authors: Uhlin Karin , Persson Elisabeth , Bäärnhielm Sofie , Borg Kristian , Löfgren Monika , Stålnacke Britt-Marie 
Published: February 2024

Objective: To investigate outcomes in patients with chronic pain after participation in an interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation programme with language interpreters, and to investigate the outcomes in women and men separately.
Design: Prospective multi-centre cohort study.
Patients: Ninety-five patients in Sweden with chronic pain who have insufficient knowledge of the Swedish language.
Methods: Duration and intensity of pain, anxiety and depression, health-related quality of life and fear of movement were evaluated before and after the programme. Patients were compared with a reference group comprising Swedish-speaking patients participating in an ordinary interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation programme.
Results: Before the interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation programme with language interpreters, all variables except pain duration differed significantly to the detriment of the studied group. The studied group showed significant improvements after the interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation programme with language interpreters, with regards to pain intensity, depression and fear of movement. The reference group improved significantly for all variables. The women in the studied group showed significant improvements for the same variables as the whole group, while the men in the studied group did not improve in any of the variables.
Conclusion: This study indicates that patients with chronic pain, and especially women, who have insufficient knowledge of Swedish seem to benefit from participating in an interdisciplinary pain rehabilitation programme with language interpreters. The result may be of value for the further development of rehabilitation programmes with language interpreters.
European Integration of Kosovo: Analysis of the Kosova Constitutional Provisions that Require Harmonization with EU Law
Authors: Gruda Përparim 
Published: February 2024

Abstract
This paper investigates the constitutional adjustments Kosovo should make in the EU accession process. Because European integration may necessitate fundamental changes in the constitutional principles, the paper will address them by offering concrete solutions to issues such as the primacy of EU law and the transfer of sovereignty. Issues related to human rights, such as the right to vote and to stand as a candidate at municipal elections and the right to freedom of movement. The path followed by other countries in the process of adapting their constitutions to EU law represents a very rich constitutional experience; therefore, this article clarifies concrete issues presented by the Kosovo Constitution.
Identifying patients with diagnosed cirrhosis in administrative health databases: a validation study
Authors: Faisal Nabiha , Lix Lisa M , Walld Randy , Singer Alexander , Renner Eberhard , Singh Harminder , Kosowan Leanne , Mahar Alyson 
Published: February 2024

Objectives: Case ascertainment algorithms were developed and validated to identify people living with cirrhosis in administrative health data in Manitoba, Canada using primary care electronic medical records (EMR) to define the reference standards. Methods: We linked provincial administrative health data to primary care EMR data. The validation cohort included 116,675 Manitobans aged >18 years with at least one primary care visit between April 1998 and March 2015. Hospital records, physician billing claims, vital statistics, and prescription drug data were used to develop and test 93 case-finding algorithms. A validated case definition for primary care EMR data was the reference standard. We estimated sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values (PPV, NPV), Youden's index, area under the receiver operative curve, and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: A total of 116,675 people were in the validation cohort. The prevalence of cirrhosis was 1.4% ( n = 1593). Algorithm sensitivity estimates ranged from 32.5% (95% CI 32.2–32.8) to 68.3% (95% CI 68.0–68.9) and PPV from 17.4% (95% CI 17.1–17.6) to 23.4% (95% CI 23.1–23.6). Specificity (95.5–98.2) and NPV (approximately 99%) were high for all algorithms. The algorithms had slightly higher sensitivity estimates among men compared with women, and individuals aged ≥45 years compared to those aged 18–44 years. Conclusion: Cirrhosis algorithms applied to administrative health data had moderate validity when a validated case definition for primary care EMRs was the reference standard. This study provides algorithms for identifying diagnosed cirrhosis cases for population-based research and surveillance studies.
Factors associated with knowledge and awareness of Hepatitis B in individuals of Chinese descent: Results from a mass point of care testing and outreach campaign in Toronto, Canada
Authors: Mendlowitz Andrew B , Mandel Erin , Capraru Camelia I , Hansen Bettina E , Wong David , Feld Jordan J , Janssen Harry LA , Biondi Mia J , Arif Ambreen , Yim Colina 
Published: February 2024

Background: Migrants from hepatitis B virus (HBV) endemic regions are at high risk of having chronic infection. Despite this, HBV knowledge and awareness programming, and low-barrier screening methods such as point of care (POC) testing, among this group have yet to become routine. Methods: We conducted a mass HBV POC screening and knowledge and awareness campaign for individuals of Chinese descent in Toronto, Canada. POC screening was administered, then participants completed a knowledge questionnaire. Logistic regression identified associations between demographic factors and participants’ level of HBV knowledge. Results: From 2015 to 2018, 33 outreach events resulted in 891 individuals completing testing and the knowledge questionnaire. Individuals averaged 64.4 years old. Most, 62% ( N = 552), were female, and 73.6% ( N = 656) have been in Canada for <30 years. The average questionnaire score was 70.7% correct, with 65.2% ( N = 581) demonstrating a high level of HBV knowledge. Post-secondary education (OR: 2.19, 95% CI: 1.41, 3.39), income of $50,000 to <$75,000 (OR: 2.74, 95% CI: 1.39, 5.43), and having familial history of HBV (OR: 1.72, 95% CI: 1.06, 2.78) were associated with high knowledge. The observed prevalence of HBV was 1.5%, with 13 individuals testing positive on the POC test and confirmatory laboratory testing. Conclusions: Improving knowledge and awareness of HBV is critical to empowering people, especially migrants who experience barriers to care, to pursue vaccination, testing, and treatment. Combining knowledge outreach and POC test campaigns, enabled discussion and screening for HBV with large numbers of people, and can be tailored for optimal effectiveness for specific groups.
Effects of silymarin use on liver enzymes and metabolic factors in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Authors: Malik Adnan , Malik Muhammad , Qureshi Shahbaz 
Published: February 2024

Background: Fatty liver disease comprises a wide range of related liver disorders affecting mainly people who drink no or minimal amounts of alcohol. Silymarin is a member of the Carduus marianum family that has been used for centuries to treat different diseases. There is little evidence supporting its efficacy in humans. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of Silymarin in patients with non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or recently renamed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). Methods: We searched PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for relevant clinical trials assessing the use of silymarin in patients with NAFLD. A risk of bias assessment was performed using Cochrane's risk of bias tool. We included the following outcomes: alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) (mg/dL), degree of fibrosis resolution, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and HOMA-IR. We analyzed continuous data using mean difference (MD) and relative 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: We included nine clinical trials. We found that silymarin significantly reduced the levels of ALT (MD= -17.12 [-28.81, -4.43]), (P < 0.004), AST (MD= -12.56 [-19.02, -6.10]), (P < 0.0001) and TG (MD = −22.60 [−23.83, −21.38]) ( p < 0.00001). It also improved HDL (MD= 2.13 [1.60, 2.66]), (P < 0.01)). There was no significant difference regarding GGT (P=o.07), TC (P= 0.52), LDL (P= 0.06), HOMA-IR (P= 0.06) and BMI (p=0.1).One study reported significant improvement in the degree of fibrosis (P = 0.023). Conclusion: Silymarin treatment significantly reduces biochemical and transaminase levels in patients with MASLD.
Acute management of ruptured cavernous malformation of the optic nerve: illustrative case
Authors: Kawalec Philip , Del Bigio Marc R , Kaufmann Anthony M 
Published: February 2024

BACKGROUND
A cavernous malformation of the optic nerve (CMON) is a rare condition that often presents with an abrupt decline in vision. Acute management of ruptured optic nerve cavernous malformations is generally surgical, although the timing of surgery is controversial.

OBSERVATIONS
A 47-year-old female experienced the sudden loss of vision in her left eye. Examination showed that this eye was nearly blind, and her right eye had a temporal field defect. Neuroimaging showed hemorrhage in her left optic nerve and optic chiasm. She was taken to the operating room on an emergent basis where the optic canal was decompressed, the hemorrhage was evacuated, and a vascular malformation with features of a cavernoma was removed from the optic nerve. Over the next 2 days, the vision in her right eye significantly recovered.

LESSONS
CMONs remain rare, and it is unlikely that enough cases can be gathered to form a larger trial to compare the role and timing of surgery. On the basis of our experience with this case, the authors recommend that acute CMON-related hematomas should be treated as a surgical emergency and managed with acute optic nerve decompression, hematoma evacuation, and cavernoma resection to improve chances of vision recovery and prevent further vision loss.
Conceptualization of religion in Linguistic Consciousness of Kazakh Ethnicity
Authors: Kuzembayeva G.A. , Shonmurinov T.Е. 
Published: February 2024

Religion is the only area where rational-analytical activity, which is obligatory for science, provokes a tense attitude towards itself. In this respect, the identification of religion as a concept, describing its content, structure, and development, as well as its impact on the nation causes a high interest.
The article presents the results of a psycholinguistic study, the purpose of which was to describe the ways of conceptualizing religion by the representatives of the Kazakh language and culture, modeling the associative field “religion” in the Kazakh language, identifying the features of conceptualizing religion in the Kazakh linguistic culture. The material of the research was the data of psycholinguistic study conducted with the native speakers of the Kazakh language. The method of obtaining data was a free associative experiment with the registration of answers given for a certain period of time to the stimulus word дін / religion.
The obtained associative data were distributed according to the frequency criterion, followed by modeling the associative field and its cognitive structure. The associative field “religion” in the Kazakh linguistic consciousness includes agents and artifacts of religion, rituals, beliefs, immaterial aspects, figures, and types of religion. The most frequent associations with religion in the Kazakh linguistic consciousness are мешіт / mosque (13%), Құдай / God (11%), сенім / faith (10%), Ислам / Islam (10%), шіркеу / church (9.5%), Құран / Quran (7.5%), жан / soul (7%), жарық / light (6%), атеизм / atheism (5.5%), дұға ету / pray (5%).
The associative field “religion / дін” modelled as a result of the psycholinguistic study consists of the features ‘Islam’, ‘mosque’, ‘God’, and ‘faith’ in the centre of the field, and the features ‘bata’, ‘pray, ‘zeket’, and ‘oraza’ in the near periphery of the field model “religion / дін”, which demonstrates the relevance of these Islamic religious artifacts and acts to the Kazakh linguistic consciousness.
Поэзия морфологиясы (Абай өлеңдері мысалында)
Authors: Аймұхамбет Ж.Ә. , Мухажанова Р.М. 
Published: February 2024

Мақалада поэзия мәтінін морфологиялық аспектіде талдау Абай өлеңдері мысалында жүзеге асырылады.
Структурализмнің семиотикалық тәсілі таңбаның көркем мәтін құрылымындағы қызметін танытуды мұрат тұтса, көркемдік-эстетикалық міндет арқалаған таңба өз бойына символикалық, детальдық, бейнелеушілік сипатты жинақтайды. Бұл сипаттар бір тұтастыққа айналған мәтіннің бөлшектері ретінде түрлі бағыттағы зерттеулерге нысан болады. Семиотикалық талдау мәтіндегі таңбалық және одан туындайтын бейнелілік құрылымды нысанға алады. Зерттеудің бұл бағытында морфологиялық тәсілдің тиімділігі басым. Әдебиетке қатысты «морфология» терминін қолдану жаңалық емес, нақтырақ айтқанда, әлем әдебиеттануы үшін бұл қолданыстағы ұғым. ХХ ғасырдың басында фольклортану мен әдебиеттануда ғылыми қолданысқа енген бұл ұғым көркем туындының күллі бөлшектерін даралай және жинақтай қарастыруымен тың тұжырымдарға қол жеткізді. Жалпы структурализмнің бастау көзінің бірі орыс формализмі болса, екіншісі пропптық морфология екені белгілі. Сондықтан әдеби морфологияны басшылыққа алғанда құрылымдық талдаудың іргетасын қалап берген формализмнің де тарихи ролін ескермей кетуге болмайды. Әдеби морфологияның талдау ұстанымдары арқылы мәтін құрылымының бөлшегі мен тұтастығын қарастыру – бұл мақаланың негізгі мақсаты. Осы мақсатқа жету үшін Абай өлеңдерін бөлшектей талдауда актанттық, бейнелілік құрылым анықталады. Сол бөлшектік құрылымдағы логикалық байланыс пен ұқсастықтар арқылы тұтастану заңдылығы көрсетіліп, цикл өлеңдер туралы ой тұжырымдалады.