bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Experimental study on the influence of content and fineness of fly ash on the mechanical properties of grouting slurries
Authors: Jiang Hua , Zhang Handong , Zhang Xiaoyan , Zhang Jinxun , Jiang Yusheng 
Published: February 2024

AbstractExcavation gaps around the front shield can be generated during shield construction, resulting in significant ground settlement. Traditional synchronous grouting slurries are unsuitable for filling these gaps during tunneling under existing subway lines. To address this issue, experiments are conducted on mix characteristics and hardening properties of slurries with variations in fineness and contents of fly ash. The experimental and computed tomography scan results yield the following findings: (1) fly ash with high fineness can effectively reduce the early strength of slurries and enhance their injectability. This improves the filling effect on micropores in the slurry and ultimately enhances the final hardening strength. (2) Fineness of fly ash controls the process of slurry hydration. The higher the fineness of fly ash, the more visible the exothermic hydration of slurry and the earlier the highest temperature peak appears. (3) Fly ash with high fineness can effectively increase the density and consolidation rate of slurries, resulting in greater improvement in slurry strength, particularly when the ratio of fly ash to cement (mf/mc) is 0.75. (4) Fly ash with high fineness can effectively decrease the likelihood of appearance of pores in the slurry, optimize the pore structure, and enhance the strength of slurries after consolidation.
Legacies of multiple disturbances on fruit and seed patterns in Amazonia: Implications for forest functional traits
Authors: Brando Paulo M. , Silvério Divino , Maracahipes Leandro , Benzi Rodrigo , Paolucci Lucas , Maracahipes‐Santos Leonardo , Rattis Ludmila , Macedo Marcia N. , Balch Jennifer K. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractForest disturbances associated with edge effects, wildfires, and windthrow events have impacted large swaths of the tropics. Defining the levels of forest disturbance that cause ecologically relevant reductions in fruit and seed (FS) production is key to understanding forest resilience to current and future global changes. Here, we tested the hypotheses that: (1) low‐intensity experimental fires alone would cause minor changes in FS production and diversity in a tropical forest, whereas synergistic disturbance effects resulting from edge effects, wildfires, droughts, and blowdowns would drive long‐term reductions in FS diversity and production; and (2) the functional composition of FS in disturbed forests would shift toward tree species with acquisitive strategies. To test these hypotheses, we quantified FS production between 2005 and 2018 in a large‐scale fire experiment in southeast Amazonia. The experimental treatments consisted of three 50‐ha plots: a Control plot, a plot burned annually (B1yr) and a plot burned every three years (B3yr) between 2004 and 2010. These plots were impacted by edge effects, two droughts (2007 and 2010), and a blowdown event in 2012. Our results show that FS production remained relatively high following low‐intensity fires, but declined where fires were most severe (i.e., forest edge of B3yr). The number of species‐producing FS declined sharply when fires co‐occurred with droughts and a windthrow event, and species composition shifted throughout the experiment. Along the edge of both burned plots, the forest community became dominated by species with faster relative growth, thinner leaves, thinner bark, and lower height. We conclude that compounding disturbances changed FS patterns, with a strong effect on species composition and potentially large effects on the next generation of trees. This is largely due to reductions in the diversity of species‐producing FS where fires are severe, causing a shift toward functional traits typically associated with pioneer and generalist species.
Histological assessment of cardiac amyloidosis in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement
Authors: Beuthner Bo Eric , Elkenani Manar , Evert Katja , Mustroph Julian , Jacob Christoph Friedemann , Paul Niels Benjamin , Beißbarth Tim , Zeisberg Elisabeth Maria , Schnelle Moritz , Puls Miriam , Hasenfuß Gerd , Toischer Karl 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsStudies have reported a strongly varying co‐prevalence of aortic stenosis (AS) and cardiac amyloidosis (CA). We sought to histologically determine the co‐prevalence of AS and CA in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Consequently, we aimed to derive an algorithm to identify cases in which to suspect the co‐prevalence of AS and CA.Methods and resultsIn this prospective, monocentric study, endomyocardial biopsies of 162 patients undergoing TAVR between January 2017 and March 2021 at the University Medical Centre Göttingen were analysed by one pathologist blinded to clinical data using haematoxylin–eosin staining, Elastica van Gieson staining, and Congo red staining of endomyocardial biopsies. CA was identified in only eight patients (4.9%). CA patients had significantly higher N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) levels (4356.20 vs. 1938.00 ng/L, P = 0.034), a lower voltage‐to‐mass ratio (0.73 vs. 1.46 × 10−2 mVm2/g, P = 0.022), and lower transaortic gradients (Pmean 17.5 vs. 38.0 mmHg, P = 0.004) than AS patients. Concomitant CA was associated with a higher prevalence of post‐procedural acute kidney injury (50.0% vs. 13.1%, P = 0.018) and sudden cardiac death [SCD; P (log‐rank test) = 0.017]. Following propensity score matching, 184 proteins were analysed to identify serum biomarkers of concomitant CA. CA patients expressed lower levels of chymotrypsin (P = 0.018) and carboxypeptidase 1 (P = 0.027). We propose an algorithm using commonly documented parameters—stroke volume index, ejection fraction, NT‐proBNP levels, posterior wall thickness, and QRS voltage‐to‐mass ratio—to screen for CA in AS patients, reaching a sensitivity of 66.6% with a specificity of 98.1%.ConclusionsThe co‐prevalence of AS and CA was lower than expected, at 4.9%. Despite excellent 1 year mortality, AS + CA patients died significantly more often from SCD. We propose a multimodal algorithm to facilitate more effective screening for CA containing parameters commonly documented during clinical routine. Proteomic biomarkers may yield additional information in the future.
Right heart failure as a cause of pulmonary congestion in pulmonary arterial hypertension
Authors: D'Alto Michele , Di Maio Marco , Argiento Paola , Romeo Emanuele , Rea Gaetano , Liccardo Biagio , Del Giudice Carmen , Vergara Andrea , Caiazza Eleonora , Del Vecchio Gerardo Elia , Di Vilio Alessandro , Gargani Luna , D'Andrea Antonello , Bossone Eduardo , Golino Paolo , Picano Eugenio , Naeije Robert 
Published: February 2024

AbstractAimsRecent studies have shown that lung ultrasound‐assessed pulmonary congestion is worse in heart failure when pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) is increased, suggesting a paradoxical relationship between right heart failure and increased lung water content. Accordingly, we wondered if lung ultrasound would reveal otherwise clinically silent pulmonary congestion in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH).Methods and resultsAll patients referred for suspicion of PAH in a tertiary centre from January 2020 to December 2022 underwent a complete diagnostic work‐up including echocardiography, lung ultrasound and right heart catheterization. Pulmonary congestion was identified by lung ultrasound B‐lines using an 8‐site scan. The study enrolled 102 patients with idiopathic PAH (mean age 53 ± 13 years; 71% female). World Health Organization functional classes I, II, and III were found in 2%, 52%, and 46% of them, respectively. N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) was 377 pg/ml (interquartile range [IQR] 218–906). B‐lines were identified in 77 out of 102 patients (75%), with a median of 3 [IQR 1–5]. At univariable analysis, B‐lines were positively correlated with male sex, age, NT‐proBNP, systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP), right atrial pressure (RAP), PVR, left ventricular end‐diastolic volume and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and negatively with cardiac output and stroke volume. At multivariable analysis, RAP (p < 0.001), TAPSE/sPAP (p = 0.001), and NT‐proBNP (p = 0.04) were independent predictors of B‐lines.ConclusionLung ultrasound commonly discloses pulmonary congestion in PAH. This finding is related to right ventricular to pulmonary artery uncoupling, and may tentatively be explained by increased central venous pressure impeding lymphatic outflow.
Ruthenium Complexes with a Tridentate Anionic Bisfluoroalkoxy‐Carbene Ligand – Valuable Latent Olefin Metathesis Catalysts for Polymerisation Reactions
Authors: Zier Manuel , Planer Sebastian , Czeluśniak Izabela , Marczyk Anna , Młodzikowska‐Pieńko Katarzyna , Trzaskowski Bartosz , Bockfeld Dirk , Tamm Matthias , Kajetanowicz Anna 
Published: February 2024

AbstractA Grubbs‐type ruthenium complex bearing a tridentate anionic bisfluoroalkoxy‐carbene was synthesised and fully characterised. Under standard conditions, it proved to be inactive in olefin metathesis reactions, but the addition of HCl triggers its activity and allows the synthesis of a series of cyclic olefins and ethers as well as a stereoregular polynorbornene with an unexpectedly high content of trans‐configured double bonds, as found in commercially available polynorbornene (Norsorex®). Detailed structural studies and DFT calculations showed that the complex enters the catalytic cycle, but instead of performing a full turnover, it is caught as a stable intermediate that does not undergo further reactions. The addition of HCl causes dissociation of the fluoroalkoxy units, resulting in a compound that behaves similarly to standard Grubbs‐type complexes. To further understand this phenomenon, the corresponding Hoveyda‐Grubbs complex was also obtained and studied in detail; due to the absence of the phosphine ligand, its behaviour was different from that of its Grubbs‐type counterpart.
Investigating rock mutation characteristics and damage state warning model based on energy conversion
Authors: Cheng Hongming , Yang Xiaobin , Lan Yongqing 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRock engineering achieves the secondary stress balance through rock mass structure adjustment, where energy conversion is throughout and associated closely with rock deformation and damage. In this study, a series of triaxial compression tests were conducted on red sandstone to investigate these features. The results showed that the damage state of red sandstone specimens presented five stages under different confining pressure, corresponding to the multistage evolution characteristic of the energy conversion. In the case of the dissipation energy conversion ratio (η), it showed five stages: a gradual increase, decreasing gradually and reaching a minimum value, increasing gradually, increasing with growth rate, and accelerated growth, therein the strong nonlinearity reflected the stability and instability of the internal structure of the rock and had the basic characteristics of the mutation theory, therefore the damage state warning model was established on just that. The relation between the η and time fitted by a four‐rank potential function had a fitting parameter (R2) larger than 0.9, and the bifurcation set of the η calculated by the damage state warning model had twice stages less than 0. The second stage, which occurred near the minimum value of the η and run through the plastic deformation stage, could be used to predict rock damage and fracture, and it was proven feasible by acoustic emission (AE) precursor and better than AE warning. This research can enrich the methods for identifying rock damage state and provide reference for revealing the occurrence and development mechanism of various rock instability disasters.
Response of soil moisture to prewinter conditions and rainfall events at different distances to gully banks in the Mollisol region of China
Authors: Wen Yanru , Liu Bao , Yu Qiangyi , Xu Yanyan , Lin Litao , Zhang Bin , Li Ting‐Yong , Wu Wenbin , Song Qian 
Published: February 2024

AbstractSoil moisture patterns are crucial factors in gully bank erosion and may significantly vary depending on the water conditions before winter freezing. Rainfall events can evoke different moisture responses throughout the soil profile of gullies. However, the relative importance of prewinter conditions and rainfall events to the soil moisture responses of gully banks in seasonally frozen regions remains unclear. In this study, a field infiltration experiment of a gully bank with four prewinter soil moisture regimes and three replicates was conducted in October 2017 in the Mollisol region of China. We aimed to elucidate the temporal variations in moisture responses under different prewinter water treatments at various distances to the gully bank after three representative rainfall events in 2018. The response magnitude (∆s) varied widely and was largest in the intermediate layers (30–50 cm) for wetter prewinter regimes (i.e., HI and MED) but was larger in the upper soil layers (0–30 cm) for drier prewinter regimes (i.e., CK and LO). In contrast to the findings of other studies, we found that the relative influences of prewinter conditions and rainfall events on the soil moisture responses varied with soil depth and distance to the gully edge. The soil moisture response increased with rainfall depth, and the effect of prewinter conditions dominated until the end of the rainy season (August). The most important explanatory variables for the response magnitude (∆s) were rainfall events (46%), soil depth (10%), and prewinter conditions (7%). This study increases the understanding of the heterogeneity in soil moisture responses and the relationship to rainfall events under different prewinter conditions on gully banks in the Mollisol region. Understanding subsurface hydrological processes and identifying the relative importance of prewinter conditions and rainfall are beneficial for building gully bank erosion models for seasonally frozen regions.
Study on thermal‐hydro‐mechanical coupling and stability evolution of loess slope during freeze–thaw process
Authors: Qin Biao , Li Xi‐An , Yang Wenfu , Liu Zhi , Chai Hao , Gao Rongrong 
Published: February 2024

AbstractDisasters occurring at loess slopes in seasonal frozen regions are closely related to changes in the thermo‐hydro‐mechanical (THM) state in loess by freeze–thaw (FT) action. Current research on FT‐induced soil slope failure focuses on frozen stagnant water effects, while the intrinsic connection between the FT‐induced stagnant water effect and soil strength deterioration remains unclear. In this study, by taking the FT‐induced loess slope failure as an example, field surveys, boreholes, exploratory wells, and 3D topographic mapping were used to reveal the landslide features and stratigraphic information; Furthermore, the temporal and spatial variation of water and heat in loess slope was revealed by on‐site monitoring data; A THM coupled model of frozen soil was established using COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software to reconstruct the frozen stagnant water process of shallow loess slope, as well as the influence of THM field on loess landslide. The results show that the effects of FT in the seasonally frozen region occurred in the shallow layer of the loess slope. The water‐ice phase transition during FT process broke the phase equilibrium of loess. Numerical calculations and field monitoring indicated a continuous migration of water to the freezing front, creating a water‐enriched zone inside the loess. Both the impact of the frozen stagnant water and changes in the stress field led to the degradation of loess structure and reduced the strength properties, thus threatening the stability of the loess slope. The study results can contribute to an in‐depth understanding of the mechanism underlying FT loess landslides in seasonal frozen regions, and provide a scientific basis for the evaluation and prevention of FT landslides.
Integrative single‐cell expression and functional studies unravels a sensitization to cytarabine‐based chemotherapy through HIF pathway inhibition in AML leukemia stem cells
Authors: Velasco‐Hernandez Talia , Trincado Juan L. , Vinyoles Meritxell , Closa Adria , Martínez‐Moreno Alba , Gutiérrez‐Agüera Francisco , Molina Oscar , Rodríguez‐Cortez Virginia C. , Ximeno‐Parpal Pau , Fernández‐Fuentes Narcís , Petazzi Paolo , Beneyto‐Calabuig Sergi , Velten Lars , Romecin Paola , Casquero Raquel , Abollo‐Jiménez Fernando , de la Guardia Rafael D. , Lorden Patricia , Bataller Alex , Lapillonne Hélène , Stam Ronald W. , Vives Susana , Torrebadell Montserrat , Fuster Jose L. , Bueno Clara , Sarry Jean‐Emmanuel , Eyras Eduardo , Heyn Holger , Menéndez Pablo 
Published: February 2024

AbstractRelapse remains a major challenge in the clinical management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and is driven by rare therapy‐resistant leukemia stem cells (LSCs) that reside in specific bone marrow niches. Hypoxia signaling maintains cells in a quiescent and metabolically relaxed state, desensitizing them to chemotherapy. This suggests the hypothesis that hypoxia contributes to the chemoresistance of AML‐LSCs and may represent a therapeutic target to sensitize AML‐LSCs to chemotherapy. Here, we identify HIFhigh and HIFlow specific AML subgroups (inv(16)/t(8;21) and MLLr, respectively) and provide a comprehensive single‐cell expression atlas of 119,000 AML cells and AML‐LSCs in paired diagnostic‐relapse samples from these molecular subgroups. The HIF/hypoxia pathway signature is attenuated in AML‐LSCs compared with more differentiated AML cells but is more expressed than in healthy hematopoietic cells. Importantly, chemical inhibition of HIF cooperates with standard‐of‐care chemotherapy to impair AML growth and to substantially eliminate AML‐LSCs in vitro and in vivo. These findings support the HIF pathway in the stem cell‐driven drug resistance of AML and unravel avenues for combinatorial targeted and chemotherapy‐based approaches to specifically eliminate AML‐LSCs.
Perinatal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of advanced maternal age women with gestational diabetes mellitus: A retrospective cohort study
Authors: Jiang Chen , Wen Haiyan , Hu Tingting , Liu Yanfei , Dai Xiaoqing , Chen Yiming 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsThe prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) continues to increase, and the phenomenon of women giving birth at an older age is becoming more common worldwide. Less is known abouts the impact of GDM combined with advanced maternal age (AMA) on pregnancy outcomes. To explore the impact of AMA complicated with GDM on pregnancy outcomes.MethodsThis study included 34,602 pregnancies between 2018 and 2020 in Hangzhou, China. The pregnant women were divided into four groups according to advanced age (≥35 years) and GDM as follows: AMA women without GDM (non‐AGDM) group (n = 2614), young pregnant women with GDM (YGDM) group (n = 4016), AMA women with GDM (AGDM) group (n = 850), and young pregnant women without GDM (non‐YGDM) group (n = 27,122). Univariate analysis was carried out by Mann–Whitney U test or Pearson's χ2 test. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the effect of AMA and GDM on pregnancy outcomes.ResultsMultivariate logistic regression analysis showed that in the comparison against non‐YGDM garoup, the ORs of fetal chromosome abnormality, parity, urgent cesarean section, gravidity, scheduled cesarean section, body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2, pre‐eclampsia, thrombocytopenia, hyperlipidemia, BMI 25–29.9 kg/m2, blood urea nitrogen, fasting blood glucose, and creatinine in AGDM group were 16.044, 4.284, 3.530, 3.284, 3.257, 2.049, 1.935, 1.898, 1.690, 1.471, 1.304, 1.216, and 1.026 (all p < 0.05).ConclusionsThe prevalence of pregnant women with AGDM was 2.46% in Hang Zhou, China. The increasing gravidity of AMA women was related to a greater risk of GDM. The AGDM group associated with a greater risks of chromosomal abnormality in offspring and cesarean section, especially urgent cesarean section.
The effect of cannabinoids on wound healing: A review
Authors: Parikh Aniruddha C. , Jeffery Christopher S. , Sandhu Zainab , Brownlee Benjamin P. , Queimado Lurdes , Mims Mark M. 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsCannabis and its various derivatives are commonly used for both recreational and medicinal purposes. Cannabinoids have been shown to have anti‐inflammatory properties. Inflammation is an important component of wound healing and the effect of cannabinoids on wound healing has become a recent topic of investigation. The objective of this article is to perform a comprehensive review of the literature to summarize the effects of cannabinoids on wound healing of the skin and to guide future avenues of research.MethodsA comprehensive literature review was performed to evaluate the effects of cannabinoids on cutaneous wound healing.ResultsCannabinoids appear to improve skin wound healing through a variety of mechanisms. This is supported through a variety of in vitro and animal studies. Animal studies suggest application of cannabinoids may improve the healing of postsurgical and chronic wounds. There are few human studies which evaluate the effects of cannabinoids on wound healing and many of these are case series and observational studies. They do suggest cannabinoids may have some benefit. However, definitive conclusions cannot be drawn from them.ConclusionWhile further human studies are needed, topical application of cannabinoids may be a potential therapeutic option for postsurgical and chronic wounds.
The influence of the COVID‐19 pandemic on the spectrum of neonatal disease in a tertiary hospital in China: A retrospective analysis
Authors: Wang Yi , Song Linhong , Ma Ning , Li Hao , Hu Siqi , Feng Zhichun 
Published: February 2024

AbstractBackground and AimsNeonatal diseases are a significant threat to global public health, affecting the homeostasis and well‐being of patients and reflecting the status of, and challenges to, regional, national, and global healthcare systems. This study sought to investigate how the disease spectrum observed among neonatal inpatients changed after the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic.MethodsThe present hospital‐based retrospective study analyzed the demographic and clinical characteristics of 19,943 hospitalized newborns from January 2018 to December 2022 using data derived from pediatric department registers.ResultsAccording to the International Classification of Diseases 11th Revision (ICD‐11) classification criteria, the two most common neonatal disorders during this study period were “Certain conditions originating in the perinatal period” and “Disease of the respiratory system.” Following the start of the COVID‐19 pandemic (2020 onwards), the number of neonatal patients declined markedly (5742 per year vs. 2820 per year), and the incidence of “Disease of the respiratory system” was significantly lower than in 2018–2019 (25.72% vs. 17.46%).ConclusionThe study offers detailed insights into the shifts in neonatal disease patterns at the Seventh Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital following the onset of the COVID‐19 pandemic, providing a foundation for future research and policymaking efforts.