bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Phenotypic and cytogenetic characterization of a cell line derived from primary prostatic carcinoma
Authors: Brothman Arthur R. , Lesho Lori J. , Somers Kenneth D. , Wright George L. , Merchant Donald J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractA new cell line, PPC‐1, has been established from a specimen obtained from a patient with a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma of the prostate. This is the first line of its type derived from a primary prostatic tumor site. PPC‐1 cells have become immortalized in culture, exhibit transformation parameters including relaxed growth factor requirements and anchorage‐independent growth, and are highly tumorigenic in nude mice. Cytogenetic studies by G‐banding revealed a grossly abnormal karyotype, with a modal chromosome number of 84, multiple marker chromosomes including both homogeneously staining regions and double minutes and clonal loss of chromosomes 3, 5, 10, 15 and Y.
Clustering of discrete cell properties essential for tumorigenicity and metastasis. I. Studies of syrian hamster embryo fibroblasts spontaneously transformed in vitro
Authors: Deichman G. I. , Kluchareva T. E. , Matveeva V. A. , Kushlinsky N. E. , Bassalyk L. S. , Vendrov E. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe expression of two discrete cell properties related to the host natural effector mechanisms, i.e., resistance to damage by H202, a cytotoxic product of activated macrophages, and the ability to secrete PGE, which inhibits NK‐cell cytotoxicity, has been examined in parental Syrian hamster embryo cells spontaneously transformed in vitro (STHE strain) and in 18 in vivo selected sublines. In all cell variants, resistance to H202 and PGE‐releasing activity were either both expressed, or not expressed at all. Parental STHE cells and 5 variants selected in vivo, which were equally highly susceptible to H202‐induced damage, did not release any detectable amount of PGE upon contact with NK cells. In contrast, 13 other STHE variants selected in vivo and characterized by their resistance to H202, all released PGE upon contact with NK cells. Thus, these two biochemically unrelated cell phenotypic characteristics are likely to be either simultaneously selected in vivo, or united in cluster which pre‐exist or appear in rare cell variants of the parental cell population in the conditions of in vivo natural selection pressure.
Paradoxical effects of tumour necrosis factor in experimental ovarian cancer
Authors: Malik S. T. A. , Griffin D. B. , Fiers W. , Balkwill F. R. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRecombinant human tumour necrosis factor (rhTNF) had anti‐tumour activity against 2 of 3 human ovarian cancer xenografts growing intraperitonealy (i.p.) in nude mice, producing a moderate (2‐ to 3‐fold) increase in mouse survival time. rhTNF therapy caused a marked influx of polymorphonuclear neutrophils into the peritoneal cavity during the first few days of daily therapy. This was accompanied by a decrease in the number of peritoneal macrophages and lymphocytes. rhTNF also caused an increase in peripheral blood neutrophils. With continuation of daily therapy, the peritoneal neutrophil influx diminished, with restoration of the macrophage and lymphocyte populations. After 2 to 3 weeks there was a small but significant increase in peritoneal Thy 1.2 cells. In the peripheral blood, the neutrophilia was less marked than at the start of therapy. Mild myelosuppression was indicated by significant falls in haemoglobin and platelet counts. Within 24 hr of the start of therapy in the 2 responsive xenografts (HU and LA) tumour clumps in the peritoneum were surrounded by host inflammatory cells, and tumours fixed to the omentum were infiltrated by neutrophils and mononuclear cells. In both instances necrosis was evident by 4 to 7 days. The third xenograft (OS) grew although the rhTNF therapy induced the same inflammatory changes in the peritoneum. In contrast to its positive effect on the survival of tumour‐bearing mice, rhTNF promoted the adhesion of tumour cells to the peritoneum and their establishment as tumour nodules below the mesothelial surface. This phenomenon was seen in all 3 xenografts including the OS xenograft which did not respond in any other way to rhTNF therapy.
Modulation of growth, differentiation and glycoprotein synthesis by β‐ALL‐trans retinoic acid in a multicellular tumor spheroid model for squamous carcinoma of the head and neck
Authors: Sacks Peter G. , Oke Victor , Amos Brad , Vasey Tracey , Lotan Reuben 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCell line MDA 886Ln was established from a laryngeal lymph node metastasis. When grown as a multicellular tumor spheroid (MTS), it exhibits squamous differentiation. We studied the effects of ß‐all‐trans retinoic acid (RA) on the growth, differentiation and glycoprotein content of this MTS model for squamous carcinomas of the head and neck. The growth of MTSs was inhibited in a dose‐dependent manner by 10−6 to 10−10 M RA. Growth inhibition occurred between 3 and 5 days of RA treatment (10−6 M). Immunohistochemical and electrophoretic analyses revealed that RA suppressed the morphological markers of squamous differentiation (squames), involucrin expression, and keratin expression. Glycoprotein expression was examined by metabolic labelling using 3H‐glucosamine, in situ labelling of polyacrylamide gels with 125l‐labelled wheat‐germ agglutinin (WGA), localization of fluorescein isothionate‐WGA in frozen sections, and determination of sialyltransferase activity. Treatment using 10−6 M RA altered glycoprotein expression both biochemically and morphologically, and WGA was shown to bind preferentially to sialic acid residues. The sensitivity of this MTS model to RA treatment and its ability to be analyzed through morphological, immunohistochemical and biochemical techniques suggest that it will prove useful in studying the relationships between growth, differentiation and RA‐induced alterations in squamous carcinomas.
Effect of polarity and differentiation on antibody localization in multicellular tumour spheroid and xenograft models and its potential importance for in vivo IMMUNOTARGETING
Authors: Pervez S. , Kirkland S. C. , Epenetos A. A. , Mooi W. J. , Evans D. J. , Krausz T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) AUAI and HMFGI recognize antigens located on different membrane domains of polarized epithelial cells. We have assessed the accessibility of these antigens in multicellular tumour spheroids produced in culture using a well‐polarized (HRA‐19) and a non‐polarized cell line (LoVo) of human large‐bowel carcinoma origin. Multicellular spheroids of HRA‐19 cells develop polarity, so that the membrane which is in contact with the culture medium (apical) becomes antigenically distinct from the membrane facing the centre of the spheroids (basolateral). This was confirmed by immunostaining sections of spheroids with 2 MAbs, AUAI and HMFG I. AUA I recognizes an antigen located exclusively on the basolateral membranes of polarized epithelial cells, and stained only internal membranes in spheroid sections. Conversely HMFG1, which recognizes an antigen located on the apical membranes, stained only the periphery of the spheroids. These 2 MAbs were then radiolabeled with 125l and incubated with live spheroids for 4 hr at 37°C. Autoradiography of spheroid sections showed a marked difference between the 2 MAbs. 125l‐HMFGI‐radioantibody localized exclusively on the spheroid surface in a pattern identical to the in vitro immunostaining pattern, while 125l‐AUAI radioanti‐body showed no binding in spite of the uniform presence of antigen on all tumour cells basolaterally. This appeared to be the result of the inaccessibility of basolateral antigenic sites in well‐polarized epithelial cells because of the tight junctions connecting these cells at their apicai surfaces. In contrast to the HRA‐19 cell line LoVo, spheroids do not develop polarity; as a result, when stained with AUAI, variable antigenic expression all over the cell surface was seen. Autoradiographs of these spheroids showed 125I‐AUAI binding with a penetration to a depth of about 1–3 cells, while HMFG I which shows no reactivity with this cell line in vitro, did not bind. This phenomenon was further investigated in xenografts of the HRA‐19 cell line. It was shown that in a well‐differentiated adenocarcinoma where the tumour cells forming acini are arranged in a polarized fashion, the luminal antigenic sites may be inaccessible to the injected MAb. The striking differences in binding of MAbs on polarized and unpolarized tumours indicate the importance of cell polarization and exact location of antigenic sites for in vivo immunotargeting.
Expression of tag‐72 in normal colon, transitional mucosa, and colon cancer
Authors: Xu Mai , Real Francisco X. , Welt Sidney , Schüssler Martina H. , Oettgen Herbert F. , Old Lloyd J. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMonoclonal antibody (MAb) B72.3 detects an epitope carried by high‐molecular‐weight mucins (tumor‐associated glycoprotein, TAG‐72) recently identified as sialyl‐Tn. B72.3 MAb has a restricted pattern of reactivity with normal tissues but it reacts with a high proportion of epithelial cancers. To determine the possible relationship between neoplastic transformation and reactivity with B72.3 MAb, we have analyzed samples of normal colon, colon cancer and transitional mucosa (mucosa adjacent to colorectal cancer) or reactive mucosa (mucosa adjacent to squamous carcinoma of the anal canal, or mucosa overlying lymphoma). B72.3 MAb reacted strongly with 21/21 specimens of transitional mucosa and with 17/21 specimens of adjacent colon cancer. Reactivity of B72.3 MAb with transitional mucosa was strong and homogeneous, whereas reactivity with cancer tissue was weaker and more heterogeneous. Reactive mucosa adjacent to squamous carcinoma or lymphoma was also reactive with B72.3 MAb. Our findings show that, in the colon, expression of TAG‐72 antigen occurs during the process of epithelial cell transformation but is also regulated by factors unrelated to the process of carcinogenesis.
EGF stimulates anchorage‐independent growth of a human bladder carcinoma cell line (KU1) with an amplified and over‐expressed EGF receptor gene
Authors: Ishikawa Jiro , Maeda Sakan , Sugiyama Taketoshi , Nishimura Ryuichiro , Mizoguchi Akira , Kamidono Sadao 
Published: February 2007

AbstractSouthern blot analysis of 6 human bladder carcinoma cell lines revealed amplification of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene in the KUI cell line. The amplification of the gene was about 4‐fold as compared with that of human placental DNA. Several restriction endonuclease digestions revealed that there was no gross rearrangement of the EGFR gene in KUI. Northern blot analysis showed normal 10 and 5.6 kb of EGFR gene‐related mRNA species. 125I‐EGF binding revealed 2 distinct EGF binding sites on KUI cells: high‐affinity sites 5.7 × 105 receptors per cell with I.I nm Kd and lowaffinity sites 2.3 × 106 receptors per cell with 7.4 nm Kd. The number of the EGFR was compatible with that of the A431 squamous carcinoma cell line which has an amplified, rearranged and over‐expressed EGFR gene. Solid‐phase immunoisolation analysis showed a single 170 kDa EGFR protein in KUI as well as in A431. Unlike other cell lines with amplified and over‐expressed EGFR gene, anchorage‐dependent growth of KUI was stimulated but not inhibited by EGF. Moreover, anchorage‐independent growth of KUI was stimulated by EGF.
Antioxidant enzyme activities in normal and transformed mouse liver cells
Authors: Sun Yi , Oberley Larry W. , Elwell James H. , Sierra‐Rivera Elaine 
Published: February 2007

AbstractCopper‐ and zinc‐containing superoxide dismutase (Cu‐ZnSOD), manganese‐containing superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX, both Se‐dependent and Se‐independent), and glutathione reductase (GR) were measured in normal, nitrosoguanidine‐transformed and SV40‐transformed mouse liver cells in culture, as well as in mouse liver homogenates. Enzyme activities were compared on the basis of 3 different endpoints: per mg protein, per mg DNA, and per 106 cells. Except for GR, activity of all the measured anti‐oxidant enzymes was much higher in vivo than in vitro. All of the anti‐oxidant enzyme activities were lower in general in the 2 transformed cell lines than in the in vitro normal cell line, except Cu‐ZnSOD, which showed little change. However, MnSOD was the only enzyme which showed lowered activity in both transformed cell lines, no matter what endpoint was used. This finding is in agreement with previous work showing lowered MnSOD activity in tumor cells.
Influence of animal host and tumor implantation site on radio‐antibody uptake in the GW‐39 human colonic cancer xenograft
Authors: Blumenthal R. D. , Sharkey R. M. , Kashi R. , Natale A. M. , Goldenberg D. M. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe magnitude and kinetics of tumor uptake of a monoclonal antibody (MAb) directed against carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the GW‐39 human colorectal cancer xenograft differ according to the animal used (nude mouse or hamster) and the site of implantation of the tumor within the animal (cheek pouch, leg muscle, subcutaneous or liver). Several physiological factors have been evaluated in an attempt to explain these differences in radio‐antibody accumulation. The following observations have been made: (1) The animal host with the slower blood clearance of radio‐antibody and the higher non‐tumor tissue uptake has the higher tumor uptake; (2) the xenografts with a higher blood‐flow rate, vascular volume and/or vascular permeability have a higher specific radio‐antibody targeting; (3) the smaller, more viable tumors take up more radio‐antibody per gram than the larger tumors; and (4) tumors with higher specific antigen content accrete more radio‐antibody. These results are discussed in terms of the feasibility of clinical tumor imaging and therapy with radiolabeled antibodies.
Antigenic modulation and internalization of monoclonal antibody to human colonic carcinoma cells detected by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay
Authors: Yokota T. , Otsuji E. , Noguchi A. , Yamaguchi T. , Sawai K. , Takahashi T. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe studied antigenic modulation and internalization of monoclonal antibody (MAb) A7 using the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and biotin‐labelled antibody‐staining techniques. Incubation of the colonic SW1116 cell line with an excess of MAb A7 induced modulation of the cell‐surface antigen. When the line was assayed by ELISA, a change in cellular reactivity with MAb A7 was seen after 1 hr. After 24 hr, the cellular reactivity showed a 52% decrease in absorbance. Modulation was inhibited by 0.1 % sodium azide and acetone fixation, suggesting that this is an energy‐dependent phenomenon. The internalization of biotinylated MAb A7 was examined. Internalized biotinylated MAb A7 was detected in cells fixed before labelling with avidin‐biotin peroxidase complex. It was observed that the amount of MAb A7 which remained associated with the cell surface had decreased since A7 was internalized.
A new gastric carcinoma cell line (LIM1839) derived from a young caucasian male
Authors: Whitehead Robert H. , Novak Ulrike , Thomas Robert J. , Lukeis Robyn E. , Walker Francesca E. , Jones Jennifer 
Published: February 2007

AbstractWe describe a new and unique gastric carcinoma cell line (LIM1839) derived from a young Caucasian male with rapidly progressing disease. The cell line grows with a pleomorphic morphology and has been in continuous culture for more than 3 years. The cells cannot be cloned in semi‐solid agar or grown in nude mice despite numerous attempts. The karyotype of the cultured cells is highly abnormal with a large number of structural and numerical changes. Some chromosomes are dicentric and this feature has persisted in this culture. The cells express one of the small‐intestinal dipeptidases, amino‐peptidase N, but do not express dipeptidyl peptidase IV or the disaccharidases, sucrase isomaltase or maltase glucoamylase. The cells express high levels of EGF receptors and of messenger RNA for insulin‐like growth factor II.
Transformation of normal human melanocytes and non‐malignant nevus cells by adenovirus 12‐SV40 hybrid virus
Authors: Jambrosic Jadranka , Mancianti Maria Laura , Ricciardi Robert , Sela Ben‐Ami , Koprowski Hilary , Herlyn Meenhard 
Published: February 2007

AbstractInfection of normal human melanocyte and nevus cultures with an adenovirus 12‐Simian Virus 40 hybrid virus (Ad12‐SV40) produced transformed cells that expressed SV40‐T antigen. The Ad12‐SV40 cells exhibited rapid cell proliferation to high cell densities and efficient growth in soft agar, but none of 15 transformed melanocyte and nevus cultures formed tumors when injected s.c. or under the renal capsule into athymic nude mice. While the Ad12‐SV40‐transformed cells lost certain properties associated with the melanocytic phenotype, i.e., pigmentation, tyrosinase activity and melanosome content, the expression of melanoma‐associated antigens, including nerve growth factor receptor, p97 melanotransferrin, and chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, remained stable. The transformed melanocytes acquired the ability to express HLA‐DR antigen, which is found on nevus and melanoma cells. Total ganglioside patterns in Ad12‐SV40‐transformed cells changed to reflect more advanced stages of tumor progression. Transformed melanocytes, like nevus and melanoma cells, showed increased GD3 content and transformed nevus cells increased GD2 which is a feature of malignant melanoma cells. Ad 12‐SV40‐transformed human melanocytes and nevus cells are useful tools for studying tumor progression under experimental conditions.
Further evaluation of the prognostic value of morphometric and flow cytometric parameters in breast‐cancer patients with long follow‐up
Authors: Uyterlinde Anne M. , Baak Jan P. A. , Schipper Nellie W. , Peterse Hans , Matze Erna , Meuer Chris J. L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractThe added prognostic value of cellular DNA content compared with single and combined morphometric factors and classical parameters such as tumor size, nodal status, histologic grade and estrogen receptor (ER) content was investigated in 225 consecutive breast‐cancer patients with long follow‐up. Of all features investigated, the MPI (multivariate prognostic index) had the strongest prognostic value [Mantel‐Cox (MC) =48.2, p <0.00005]. The results further showed that neither age nor ER content had significant prognostic value, but the DNA index (DI) as a single parameter had (though weak) prognostic significance (MC =5.9, p =0.015); a similar result was obtained with the percentage of S‐phase cells (MC =6.1, p =0.013). The DI had (restricted) additional prognostic value to the morphometric features (MPI plus DI Mantel‐Cox 53.0, p <0.0001). The percentage of S‐phase cells had no additional prognostic value over the MPI. On the other hand, the additional value of the DI over tumor size and nodal status was much more impressive (MC =41.0 and 40.7), although it did not reach the prognostic significance of the MPI. Prediction of disease outcome with a linear combination of quantitative microscopical parameters of the primary tumor alone [MAI (mitotic activity index), DI and mean nuclear area] was very accurate, even without considering lymph‐node status (MC 30.8, p <0.0005). Grade had no additional value to the MPI at all (p =0.76). This could be especially important for lymph‐node‐negative patients in whom the prognostic value of the MPI and the MAI are confirmed.
Elevated frequency of a specific allele of the l‐MYC gene in male patients with bone and soft‐tissue sarcomas
Authors: Kato Mitsuo , Toguchida Junya , Honda Kazuo , Sasaki Masao S. , Ikenaga Mituo , Sugimoto Masayuki , Yamaguchi Toshikazu , Kotoura Yoshihiko , Yamamuro Takao , Ishizaki Kanji 
Published: February 2007

AbstractRestriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of 2 oncogenes, c‐Ha‐ras and L‐myc, have been analyzed in 101 patients with bone and soft‐tissue sarcoma and in 98 normal individuals. The c‐Ha‐ras gene was highly polymorphic both in sarcoma patients and in normal individuals. In contrast to our previous observation in breast cancer patients (Honda et al., 1988), no significant difference in allele frequencies between normal and sarcoma populations was observed. The L‐myc locus revealed 2‐allele polymorphism, allele L (10‐kb) and S (6.6‐kb), after digestion with Eco RI. The allele frequencies of L and S in sarcoma patients were 0.381 and 0.619, respectively, and those in normal individuals were 0.485 and 0.515, respectively. While the distributions of alleles in both populations fitted well with the Hardy‐Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of the S allele was significantly higher in sarcoma patients than in normal individuals (p <0.05). When sarcoma patients were divided into male and female subpopulations, this difference was highly significant only in males (p <0.01) but not in females. Our results suggest that males carrying the S allele may be prone to develop sarcoma.
Isolation and characterization of a heterodimeric surface antigen on human melanoma cells and evidence that it is the 4f2 cell activation/proliferation molecule
Authors: Dixon Walter T. , Sikora Lydia K. J. , Demetrick Douglas J. , Martin Jerry L. 
Published: February 2007

AbstractMurine monoclonal antibody (MAb) LS109 was one of a series of MAbs produced by hyperimmunization of mice with detergent extracts of pooled melanoma cell lines and metastatic melanoma patient tumors. ELISA screening of extracts of individual cultured melanoma cell lines and single patient tumors with MAb LS109 gave an interesting pattern of reactivity. The antibody was strongly positive with some of these extracts, yet negative or weakly positive with others. In addition, there was strong reactivity with a restricted set of normal necropsy tissues and certain non‐melanoma tumor extracts. Taken together, our data suggest that MAb LS109 recognizes a normal differentiation antigen which is perhaps aberrantly expressed or over‐produced during certain stages of melanoma tumor progression. The antigen recognized by LS109 is a heterodimeric surface glycoprotein molecule, consisting of an 89‐kDa “heavy” chain linked by disulfide bonds to an 83‐kDa “light” chain. Under non‐reducing SDS‐PAGE conditions, the intact dimer migrates with an M of approximately 140kDa. The 89‐kDa component appears to be heavily N‐glycosylated whereas the 38‐kDa component has little, if any, covalently attached carbohydrate. Our data show the biosynthesis, glycosylation and turnover of the LS109 antigen, as well as evidence of its surface localization. In addition, evidence is presented that the LS109 antigen is identical to the 4F2 cell activation/proliferation molecule previously described on a variety of normal and neoplastic cells.
Effect of the ebna‐2 gene on the surface antigen phenotype of transfected ebv‐negative B‐lymphoma lines
Authors: Åman Pierre , Rowe Martin , Kai Chieko , Finke JÜRgen , Rymo Lars , Klein Eva , Klein George 
Published: February 2007

AbstractTwo EBV‐negative B‐lymphoma cell lines with different phenotypes were transfected with the Epstein‐Barr virus EBNA‐2 gene. The effects on the expression of 8 B‐cell surface markers were analyzed by immunofluorescence methods. In one of the EBNA‐2 transfected cell lines, the expression of the CR2 receptor CD21 was induced and the expression of CD23 was enhanced. The results suggest that the EBNA‐2 gene is involved in the regulation of CD21 and CD23 in EBV‐carrying cells.