bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Voltage and propagation mapping: New tools to improve successful ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia
Authors: Devecchi Chiara , Matta Mario , Magnano Massimo , Dell'Era Gabriele , Galiffa Vincenzo Alessandro , Renaudo Dario , Negro Andrea , Occhetta Eraldo , Patti Giuseppe , Rametta Francesco 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionMapping system is useful in ablation of atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) and localization of anatomic variances. Voltage mapping identifies a low voltage area in the Koch triangle called low‐voltage‐bridge (LVB); propagation mapping identifies the collision point (CP) of atrial wavefront convergence. We conducted a prospective study to evaluate the relationship between LVB and CP with successful site of ablation and identify standard value for LVB.Materials and MethodsThree‐dimensional (3D) maps of the right atria were constructed from intracardiac recordings using the ablation catheter. Cut‐off values on voltage map were adjusted until LVB was observed. On propagation map, atrial wavefronts during sinus rhythm collide in the site representing CP, indicating the area of slow pathway conduction. Ablation site was selected targeting LVB and CP site, confirmed by anatomic position on fluoroscopy and atrioventricular ratio.ResultsTwenty‐seven consecutive patients were included. LVB and CP were present in all patients. Postprocedural evaluation identified standard cut‐off of 0.3−1 mV useful for LVB identification. An overlap between LVB and CP was observed in 23 (85%) patients. Procedure success was achieved in all patient with effective site at first application in 22 (81%) patients. There was a significant correlation between LVB, CP, and the site of effective ablation (p = .001).ConclusionWe found correlation between LVB and CP with the site of effective ablation, identifying a voltage range useful for standardized LVB identification. These techniques could be useful to identify ablation site and minimize radiation exposure.
First‐in‐man report of transsubclavian venous implantation of the Aveir leadless cardiac pacing system
Authors: Balanescu Dinu V. , Ward Robert C. , Amin Hina , Noseworthy Peter A. , Asirvatham Samuel J. , Friedman Paul A. , Mulpuru Siva K. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntroductionTranssubclavian venous implantation of the Aveir leadless cardiac pacemaker (LCP) has not been previously reported.Methods and ResultsThree cases of transsubclavian implantation of the Aveir LCP are reported. Two cases were postbilateral orthotopic lung transplant, without appropriate femoral or jugular access due to recent ECMO cannulation and jugular central venous catheters. In one case, there was strong patient preference for same‐day discharge. Stability testing confirmed adequate fixation and electrical testing confirmed stable parameters in all cases. All patients tolerated the procedure well without significant immediate complications.ConclusionsWe demonstrate the feasibility of transsubclavian implantation of the Aveir LCP.
C‐reactive protein flare predicts response to checkpoint inhibitor treatment in melanoma
Authors: Kött Julian , Zimmermann Noah , Zell Tim , Heidrich Isabel , Geidel Glenn , Rünger Alessandra , Smit Daniel J. , Merkle Myriam , Parnian Niousha , Hansen Inga , Hoehne Inka , Abeck Finn , Torster Leopold , Weichenthal Michael , Pantel Klaus , Schneider Stefan W. , Gebhardt Christoffer 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThe treatment of melanoma has been revolutionized by the use of immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI), but many patients do not benefit. Furthermore, immune‐related adverse events may occur during therapy. A predictive biomarker is needed to reliably identify patients benefitting. In lung, renal cell and bladder cancer early C‐reactive protein (CRP) kinetics were shown to be a predictive biomarker for ICI.ObjectiveHere, we investigate early CRP kinetics as predictive biomarker for ICI in melanoma patients.MethodsTwo independent prospectively collected cohorts were analysed: Cohort 1 (n = 87) with advanced and Cohort 2 (n = 99) with completely resected melanoma. Patients were stratified by in the dynamics of CRP after ICI initiation: A doubling of baseline CRP within 30 days followed by at least a 30% drop within 3 months was classified as a CRP flare. If no doubling of CRP was reported, but a 30% drop within 3 months, patients were classified as CRP responders and all others as CRP non‐responders. Analysed factors included clinical characteristics like S100B and LDH. Median follow‐up was 1.5 and 1.7 years for Cohorts 1 and 2.ResultsIn Cohort 1 CRP flare (n = 12), CRP responders (n = 43) and CRP non‐responders (n = 32) with a progression‐free survival (PFS) of 0.7, 0.6 and 0.2 years (p = 0.017) and an overall survival (OS) of 2.2, 1.5 and 1.0 years (p = 0.014), respectively. Multivariable Cox analysis showed an independent risk reduction of progression for CRP responders by 62% compared to CRP non‐responders (p = 0.001). In Cohort 2 CRP flare (n = 13), CRP responders (n = 70) and CRP non‐responders (n = 16) the log‐rank analysis showed a significant difference between OS and recurrence‐free survival (RFS) curves (p = 0.046 and p = 0.049).ConclusionEarly CRP kinetics could indicate a response to ICI with improved OS and RFS/PFS. CRP flare and CRP response indicating significantly improved outcomes compared to CRP non‐responders.
Novel Aquareovirus isolated from channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) used in mussel restoration efforts in Wisconsin
Authors: Leis Eric , Katona Ryan , Dziki Sara , McCann Rebekah , Standish Isaac , Opgenorth Eryn , Dikkeboom Audrey , Lim Ailam , Ford Charlotte E. , Goldberg Tony L. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractChannel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) are a food fish extensively reared in aquaculture facilities throughout the world and are also among the most abundant wild catfish species in North America, making them a popular target of anglers. Furthermore, channel catfish are important members of aquatic ecosystems; for example, they serve as a glochidial host for the endangered winged mapleleaf mussel (Quadrula fragosa), making them critical for conserving this species through hatchery‐based restoration efforts. During a routine health inspection, a novel aquareovirus was isolated from channel catfish used in mussel propagation efforts at a fish hatchery in Wisconsin. This virus was isolated on brown bullhead cells (ATCC CCL‐59) and identified through metagenomic sequencing as a novel member of the family Spinareoviridae, genus Aquareovirus. The virus genome consists of 11 segments, as is typical of the aquareoviruses, with phylogenetic relationships based on RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase and major outer capsid protein amino acid sequences showing it to be most closely related to golden shiner virus (aquareovirus C) and aquareovirus C/American grass carp reovirus (aquareovirus G) respectively. The potential of the new virus, which we name genictpun virus 1 (GNIPV‐1), to cause disease in channel catfish or other species remains unknown.
What do people with inflammatory bowel disease want to know about diet? The dietary information needs of people with inflammatory bowel disease and perceptions of healthcare providers
Authors: Miglioretto Chiara , Beck Eleanor , Lambert Kelly 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an incurable illness of the gastrointestinal tract. Its relapsing–remitting nature negatively impacts physical health and quality of life. Food and eating are key concerns for people with this illness. To provide holistic person‐centred care, healthcare providers (HCPs) need to meet patients’ dietary information needs. However, there is a paucity of literature describing these in any meaningful detail. The present study aimed to explore the perceived dietary information needs of individuals with IBD, the perceptions of HCPs and enablers and barriers to communication.MethodsOnline and face‐to‐face semi‐structured interviews with 13 HCPs and 29 people with IBD were conducted. The framework method aided thematic analysis of de‐identified interview recordings.ResultsThe cyclical nature of IBD contextualised the five themes. Both individuals with IBD and HCPs articulated similar ideas viewed from different perspectives: (1) living with IBD is exasperating and unique to the individual; (2) individuals with IBD desire dietary information; (3) diet manipulation is used to exert control on a disease with unpredictable nature; (4) people with IBD and HCPs have different views on the role of diet; and (5) doctors are perceived as gatekeepers to accessing dietetics care.ConclusionsA lack of dietary guidance at diagnosis negatively impacts the patient's journey with food and eating. The present study supports a paradigm shift towards holistic person‐centred care for consistent access to dietetics services to meet the needs of people with IBD.
Texting, teens, and parental challenges in practices of family socialization
Authors: Stæhr Andreas Candefors 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThis article examines how parent–teen texting enables family members to construct family relations and negotiate behavioral and communicative norms while being apart. The analyses of family texting focus on how teenagers and parents deal with issues of teenage independence and how this involves situated negotiations of teenagers being constructed as either able or unable to live up to family norms and the family's communication culture. Based on the analyses, I argue that digitally mediated interactions complement co‐present contexts of family socialization and influence the relation between power‐ and solidarity‐oriented aspects of everyday socialization practices, for instance, by blurring the boundaries between parental care and control.
The effectiveness of exercise interventions targeting sleep in older adults with cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (AD/ADRD): A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Authors: Páez Arsenio , Frimpong Emmanuel , Mograss Melodee , Dang‐Vu Thien Thanh 
Published: March 2024

SummarySleep loss is associated with reduced health and quality of life, and increased risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Up to 66% of persons with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias experience poor sleep, which can predict or accelerate the progression of cognitive decline. Exercise is a widely accessible intervention for poor sleep that can protect against functional and cognitive decline. No previous systematic reviews have investigated the effectiveness of exercise for sleep in older adults with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. We systematically reviewed controlled interventional studies of exercise targeting subjectively or objectively (polysomnography/actigraphy) assessed sleep in persons with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. We conducted searches in PubMed, Embase, Scopus and Cochrane‐Library (n = 6745). Nineteen randomised and one non‐randomised controlled interventional trials were included, representing the experiences of 3278 persons with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Ten had low‐risk, nine moderate‐risk, and one high‐risk of bias. Six studies with subjective and eight with objective sleep outcomes were meta‐analysed (random‐effects model). We found moderate‐ to high‐quality evidence for the beneficial effects of exercise on self‐reported and objectively‐measured sleep outcomes in persons with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. However, no studies examined key potential moderators of these effects, such as sex, napping or medication use. Our results have important implications for clinical practice. Sleep may be one of the most important modifiable risk factors for a range of health conditions, including cognitive decline and the progression of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Given our findings, clinicians may consider adding exercise as an effective intervention or adjuvant strategy for improving sleep in older persons with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.
Spatiotemporal patterns of microclimatic buffering in relict alpine communities
Authors: Jiménez‐Alfaro Borja , Fernández‐Pascual Eduardo , Espinosa Del Alba Clara , Marcenò Corrado 
Published: March 2024

AbstractQuestionsIn alpine landscapes, topography creates a mosaic of microclimatic niches that might prevent local extinctions, but the influence of this spatial heterogeneity on plant communities is largely unknown. Here we ask (1) how soil microclimatic variation is comparable at temporal and spatial scales, and (2) how such variation influences species composition and local extinctions in relict alpine communities.LocationPicos de Europa National Park, northern Spain.MethodsWe resurveyed permanent plots in four alpine sites following the recording of soil temperatures (temporal survey) for 10 years. We then sampled the spatial variation in species composition and microclimatic temperatures in 80 plots around the permanent plots (spatial survey). We evaluated the variation of six microclimatic indices between the temporal and the spatial surveys, and calculated the temporal trends observed in species cover. We finally predicted local extinction rates under microclimatic scenarios based on the observed microclimate–community relations.ResultsDespite high interannual variation, we found a 10‐year trend of temperature warming on (microridge) fellfields and (microvalley) snowbeds. Microclimatic variation was larger in space than in time, with little temperature variation in snowbeds and extreme low temperatures recorded in fellfields. Species composition was mainly influenced by growing degree days (GDD) and freezing degree days (FDD), which were both related to snow cover duration. Plant cover of 16 species (out of 36 frequent species) showed significant responses to microclimatic variation. Local extinctions were mainly predicted under relatively hotter and more freezing conditions.ConclusionsOur results support the idea that microclimatic spatial heterogeneity can reduce the negative influence of climate change on alpine plant communities. However, a continuous reduction of snow cover will result in a tipping point beyond which the buffer effect of this spatial heterogeneity will not be effective in protected microsites, leading to community homogenization. This process may have started in relict alpine communities where species from snowy microclimates are being outcompeted by species adapted to below‐zero winter temperatures.
Endoplasmic reticulum stress: A possible connection between intestinal inflammation and neurodegenerative disorders
Authors: Vivacqua Giorgio , Mancinelli Romina , Leone Stefano , Vaccaro Rosa , Garro Ludovica , Carotti Simone , Ceci Ludovica , Onori Paolo , Pannarale Luigi , Franchitto Antonio , Gaudio Eugenio , Casini Arianna 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundDifferent studies have shown the key role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disorders, as well as in neurodegenerative diseases. ER stress leads to the formation of misfolded proteins which affect the secretion of different cell types that are crucial for the intestinal homeostasis.PurposeIn this review, we discuss the role of ER stress and its involvement in the development of inflammatory bowel diseases, chronic conditions that can cause severe damage of the gastrointestinal tract, focusing on the alteration of Paneth cells and goblet cells (the principal secretory phenotypes of the intestinal epithelial cells). ER stress is also discussed in the context of neurodegenerative diseases, in which protein misfolding represents the signature mechanism. ER stress in the bowel and consequent accumulation of misfolded proteins might represent a bridge between bowel inflammation and neurodegeneration along the gut‐to‐brain axis, affecting intestinal epithelial homeostasis and the equilibrium of the commensal microbiota. Targeting intestinal ER stress could foster future studies for designing new biomarkers and new therapeutic approaches for neurodegenerative disorders.
Cathepsin K inhibition alleviates periodontal bone resorption by promoting type H vessel formation through PDGF‐BB/PDGFR‐β axis
Authors: Zhou Huan , Zhang Yi‐Fan , Zhang Qian‐Qian , Liu Fen , Zhang Jia‐Yu , Chen Yue 
Published: March 2024

AbstractObjectivesTo explore the effects of cathepsin K (CTSK) inhibition on type H vessel formation and alveolar bone resorption within periodontitis.MethodsConditioned media derived from preosteoclasts pretreated with the CTSK inhibitor odanacatib (ODN), ODN supplemented small interfering RNA targeting PDGF‐BB (si‐PDGF‐BB), or PBS were prepared, to assess their proangiogenic effects on endothelial cells (HUVECs). A series of angiogenic‐related assays were conducted to evaluate HUVEC proliferation, migration, and tube formation abilities in vitro. In addition, qRT‐PCR and Western blot assays were employed to examine the expression levels of genes/proteins related to PDGF‐BB/PDGFR‐β axis components. A mouse periodontitis model was established to evaluate the effects of CTSK inhibition on type H vessel formation.ResultsCTSK inhibition promoted PDGF‐BB secretion from preosteoclasts and proliferation, migration, and tube formation activities of HUVECs in vitro. However, the conditioned medium from preosteoclasts pretreated by si‐PDGF‐BB impaired the angiogenic activities of HUVECs. This promoted angiogenesis function by CTSK inhibition may be mediated by the PDGF‐BB/PDGFR‐β axis. Functionally, in vivo studies demonstrated that CTSK inhibition significantly accelerated type H vessel formation and alleviated bone loss within periodontitis.ConclusionCTSK inhibition promotes type H vessel formation and attenuates alveolar bone resorption within periodontitis via PDGF‐BB/PDGFR‐β axis.
Emergency front‐of‐neck access in pediatric anesthesia: A narrative review
Authors: Haag Anna‐Katharina , Tredese Alberto , Bordini Martina , Fuchs Alexander , Greif Robert , Matava Clyde , Riva Thomas , Scquizzato Tommaso , Disma Nicola 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackground and ObjectivesChildren undergoing airway management during general anesthesia may experience airway complications resulting in a rare but life‐threatening situation known as “Can't Intubate, Can't Oxygenate”. This situation requires immediate recognition, advanced airway management, and ultimately emergency front‐of‐neck access. The absence of standardized procedures, lack of readily available equipment, inadequate knowledge, and training often lead to failed emergency front‐of‐neck access, resulting in catastrophic outcomes. In this narrative review, we examined the latest evidence on emergency front‐of‐neck access in children.MethodsA comprehensive literature was performed the use of emergency front‐of‐neck access (eFONA) in infants and children.ResultsEighty‐six papers were deemed relevant by abstract. Finally, eight studies regarding the eFONA technique and simulations in animal models were included. For all articles, their primary and secondary outcomes, their specific animal model, the experimental design, the target participants, and the equipment were reported.ConclusionBased on the available evidence, we propose a general approach to the eFONA technique and a guide for implementing local protocols and training. Additionally, we introduce the application of innovative tools such as 3D models, ultrasound, and artificial intelligence, which can improve the precision, safety, and training of this rare but critical procedure.
Effect of 980 nm photobiomodulation delivered by a handpiece with Gaussian vs. Flat‐Top profiles on proliferation and differentiation of buccal fat pad stem cells
Authors: Homayouni Ali , Rezaie Rad Maryam , Barikani Hamidreza , Chiniforush Nasim , Akbari Solmaz 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the Gaussian and Flat‐Top profiles in proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cell of buccal fat pad. Based on the timing schedule and type of laser handpieces, the cells were assigned to a control group with no radiation, and two irradiation test groups (980 nm) with Flat‐Top (F) (power of 1.1 W, beam area of 1 cm2) and standard Gaussian (G) (power of 0.7 W, beam area of 0.5 cm2) handpieces. Each test group was divided into three subgroups, receiving one time (60 J/cm2), two times (120 J/cm2), and three times (180 J/cm2) irradiation. 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2, 5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and Annexin V tests were performed. The Alizarin Red staining and polymerase chain reaction tests were done both at the beginning and the end of the first and second weeks. The degree of mineralization and expression of osteogenic markers, RUNX2, OCN, and OPN were evaluated. Based on the MTT and Annexin V test results, both test groups outperformed the control group in degrees of cell proliferation during the first day of laser irradiation (p < 0.05). After one and two times irradiation, the expression of osteogenic markers in the test groups was significantly higher than the control group. PBM with Flat‐Top and Gaussian handpieces can enhance ossification and cell differentiation regardless of the type of handpieces.
Challenges and promising practices in background check systems for firearm purchases
Authors: Kagawa Rose , Patel Ayush , Kwong Alex , Wintemute Garen 
Published: March 2024

AbstractAimThe U.S. prohibits firearm purchase among individuals with specific risk factors. These prohibitions are operationalized using background checks for firearm purchase. Despite these restrictions, prohibited persons have obtained firearms after passing background checks, sometimes with devastating effects.Materials and MethodsWe conducted a mixed‐methods, descriptive study of the records and record‐keeping practices that underpin background checks for firearm transfers. Sources included key informant interviews with individuals working in a leadership capacity with state record‐keeping systems as well as data from state surveys and administrative records. We analyzed quantitative data using descriptive statistics and qualitative data using a thematic analysis approach to code the data and identify themes. Three investigators coded each interview. We returned to all data sources to develop key findings in an iterative process.ResultsKey informants described major improvements in the collection of specific record types that were previously a “black hole” (e.g. criminal history records housed in military justice systems, and records relating to involuntary commitments for mental illness) and advances in the automation of record transfer across agencies, themes corroborated by administrative data. Key informants also identified potential causes and solutions for challenges relating to missing or incomplete information and delays in resolving ambiguous background check results. Examples include manual processes for confirming relationship status in misdemeanor crimes of domestic violence and discordant practices for processing arrest and court records that result in dispositions that cannot be entered or arrests with no disposition.ConclusionBackground checks are the backbone of many policies designed to prevent firearm harm in the United States. This study highlights actionable ways in which states could make background check practices and policies more robust.