bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Comparison of digitally assessed quality of posterior crown preparations performed with and without previous practice on patient‐specific three‐dimensional‐printed teeth models
Authors: Tricio Jorge A. , Braithwaite Catalina , Herrera Constanza M. , Vicuña Daniela P. , Cacciuttolo Franco R. , Jorquera Gilbert A. , Gutiérrez Mario F. , Córdova Christian G. , Villalón Pablo A. , Moncada Gustavo A. , Casanova Renzo A. , González María I. , Ilić Dent Stud Macarena A. , Orsini César A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractIntroductionThree‐dimensional (3D)‐printing technology can provide customizable simulations, but its effects on patient care quality have not been well studied. This study aimed to assess the impact of practicing with patient‐specific 3D‐printed teeth models on the quality of patients’ dental preparations performed by students transitioning to clinical training. Accordingly, the quality of posterior crown preparations was evaluated by objectively analyzing digital scans and grades in two groups: the study group, which practiced beforehand with patient‐specific 3D‐printed teeth models, and the control group, which did not practice with these models.MethodsAll 78 fourth‐year dental students who had just finished their fixed prosthodontics course at the simulation laboratory with training on phantom heads and without previous clinical experience in crown preparations were invited to participate in the study. Sixty‐eight agreed to take part and were randomly divided into a study group that practiced crown preparations on 3D‐printed models of their own patient's teeth and a control group that did not practice with 3D‐printed models and started their clinical work straightforwardly after simulation training. Students completed validated perception questionnaires on self‐confidence and clinical skills before and after the protocol, which were compared using a chi‐squared test. Crown preparations performed on 3D‐printed models and then on patients were digitally scanned and objectively graded by prepCheck software for critical parameters, such as undercuts, taper, and occlusion reduction. Non‐parametric tests were used to compare preparations on 3D‐printed models and on patients performed by the study group and those on patients made by the control group.ResultsInitially, both groups reported similar perceptions of self‐confidence and clinical skills levels. The study group significantly improved both aspects after the protocol. Analysis of the scanned preparations demonstrated that the study group removed less tooth structure from actual patients than from the initial 3D‐printed models. In contrast, the control group showed excess occlusal clearance in their patients compared to the study group.ConclusionsPracticing patient‐specific 3D‐printed teeth before performing procedures clinically appears to enhance preparation quality and minimize unnecessary tooth reduction in early clinical experiences.
Compartmental neuronal degeneration in the ventral striatum induced by status epilepticus in young rats' brain in comparison with adults
Authors: Al‐Redouan Azzat , Salaj Martin , Kubova Hana , Druga Rastislav 
Published: April 2024

AbstractAccording to experimental and clinical studies, status epilepticus (SE) causes neurodegenerative morphological changes not only in the hippocampus and other limbic structures, it also affects the thalamus and the neocortex. In addition, several studies reported atrophy, metabolic changes, and neuronal degeneration in the dorsal striatum. The literature lacks studies investigating potential neuronal damage in the ventral component of the striatopallidal complex (ventral striatum [VS] and ventral pallidum) in SE experimentations. To better understand the development of neuronal damage in the striatopallidal complex associated with SE, the detected neuronal degeneration in the compartments of the VS, namely, the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the olfactory tubercle (OT), was analyzed. The experiments were performed on Wistar rats at age of 25‐day‐old pups and 3‐month‐old adult animals. Lithium–pilocarpine model of SE was used. Lithium chloride (3 mmol/kg, ip) was injected 24 h before administering pilocarpine (40 mg/kg, ip). This presented study demonstrates the variability of post SE neuronal damage in 25‐day‐old pups in comparison with 3‐month‐old adult rats. The NAc exhibited small to moderate number of Fluoro‐Jade B (FJB)‐positive neurons detected 4 and 8 h post SE intervals. The number of degenerated neurons in the shell subdivision of the NAc significantly increased at survival interval of 12 h after the SE. FJB‐positive neurons were evidently more prominent occupying the whole anteroposterior and mediolateral extent of the nucleus at longer survival intervals of 24 and 48 h after the SE. This was also the case in the bordering vicinity between the shell and the core compartments but with clusters of degenerating cells. The severity of damage of the shell subdivision of the NAc reached its peak at an interval of 24 h post SE. Isolated FJB‐positive neurons were detected in the ventral peripheral part of the core compartment. Degenerated neurons persisted in the shell subdivision of the NAc 1 week after SE. However, the quantity of cell damage had significantly reduced in comparison with the aforementioned shorter intervals. The third layer of the OT exhibited more degenerated neurons than the second layer. The FJB‐positive cells in the young animals were higher than in the adult animals. The morphology of those cells was identical in the two age groups except in the OT.
How far has diabetes‐related foot disease research progressed in Australia? A bibliometric review (1970–2023)
Authors: Tehan Peta E. , Perrin Byron M. , Lazzarini Peter A. , Al‐Busaidi Ibrahim S. , Carroll Matthew R. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundDiabetes‐related foot disease (DFD) is a leading cause of the Australian and global disease burdens and requires proportionate volumes of research to address. Bibliometric analyses are rigorous methods for exploring total research publications in a field to help identify volume trends, gaps and emerging areas of need. This bibliometric review aimed to explore the volume, authors, institutions, journals, collaborating countries, research types and funding sources of Australian publications investigating DFD over 50 years.MethodsA systematic search of the Scopus® database was conducted by two independent authors to identify all Australian DFD literature published between 1970 and 2023. Bibliometric meta‐data were extracted from Scopus®, analyzed in Biblioshiny, an R Statistical Software interface, and publication volumes, authors, institutions, journals and collaborative countries were described. Publications were also categorised for research type and funding source.ResultsOverall, 332 eligible publications were included. Publication volume increased steadily over time, with largest volumes (78%) and a 7‐fold increase over the last decade. Mean co‐authors per publication was 5.6, mean journal impact factor was 2.9 and median citation was 9 (IQR2‐24). Most frequent authors were Peter Lazzarini (14%), Vivienne Chuter (8%) and Jonathon Golledge (7%). Most frequent institutions affiliated were Queensland University Technology (33%), University Sydney (30%) and James Cook University (25%). Most frequent journals published in were Journal Foot and Ankle Research (17%), Diabetic Medicine (7%), Journal Diabetes and its Complications (4%) and International Wound Journal (4%). Most frequent collaborating countries were the United Kingdom (9%), the Netherlands (6%) and the United States (5%). Leading research types were etiology (38%), treatment evaluation (25%) and health services research (13%). Leading funding sources were no funding (60%), internal institution (16%) and industry/philanthropic/international (10%).ConclusionsAustralian DFD research increased steadily until more dramatic increases were seen over the past decade. Most research received no funding and mainly investigated etiology, existing treatments or health services. Australian DFD researchers appear to be very productive, particularly in recent times, despite minimal funding indicating their resilience. However, if the field is to continue to rapidly grow and address the very large national DFD burden, much more research funding is needed in Australia, especially targeting prevention and clinical trials of new treatments in DFD.
Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency and molybdenum cofactor deficiencies
Authors: Schwahn Bernd C. , van Spronsen Francjan , Misko Albert , Pavaine Julija , Holmes Victoria , Spiegel Ronen , Schwarz Guenter , Wong Flora , Horman Alistair , Pitt James , Sass Jörn Oliver , Lubout Charlotte 
Published: April 2024

AbstractSulfite intoxication is the hallmark of four ultrarare disorders that are caused by impaired sulfite oxidase activity due to genetic defects in the synthesis of the molybdenum cofactor or of the apoenzyme sulfite oxidase. Delays on the diagnosis of these disorders are common and have been caused by their unspecific presentation of acute neonatal encephalopathy with high early mortality, followed by the evolution of dystonic cerebral palsy and also by the lack of easily available and reliable diagnostic tests. There is significant variation in survival and in the quality of symptomatic management of affected children. One of the four disorders, molybdenum cofactor deficiency type A (MoCD‐A) has recently become amenable to causal treatment with synthetic cPMP (fosdenopterin). The evidence base for the rational use of cPMP is very limited. This prompted the formulation of these clinical guidelines to facilitate diagnosis and support the management of patients. The guidelines were developed by experts in diagnosis and treatment of sulfite intoxication disorders. It reflects expert consensus opinion and evidence from a systematic literature search.
Morphological heterogeneity of neurons in the human central amygdaloid nucleus
Authors: Vásquez Carlos E. , Knak Guerra Kétlyn T. , Renner Josué , Rasia‐Filho Alberto A. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe central amygdaloid nucleus (CeA) has an ancient phylogenetic development and functions relevant for animal survival. Local cells receive intrinsic amygdaloidal information that codes emotional stimuli of fear, integrate them, and send cortical and subcortical output projections that prompt rapid visceral and social behavior responses. We aimed to describe the morphology of the neurons that compose the human CeA (N = 8 adult men). Cells within CeA coronal borders were identified using the thionine staining and were further analyzed using the “single‐section” Golgi method followed by open‐source software procedures for two‐dimensional and three‐dimensional image reconstructions. Our results evidenced varied neuronal cell body features, number and thickness of primary shafts, dendritic branching patterns, and density and shape of dendritic spines. Based on these criteria, we propose the existence of 12 morphologically different spiny neurons in the human CeA and discuss the variability in the dendritic architecture within cellular types, including likely interneurons. Some dendritic shafts were long and straight, displayed few collaterals, and had planar radiation within the coronal neuropil volume. Most of the sampled neurons showed a few to moderate density of small stubby/wide spines. Long spines (thin and mushroom) were observed occasionally. These novel data address the synaptic processing and plasticity in the human CeA. Our morphological description can be combined with further transcriptomic, immunohistochemical, and electrophysiological/connectional approaches. It serves also to investigate how neurons are altered in neurological and psychiatric disorders with hindered emotional perception, in anxiety, following atrophy in schizophrenia, and along different stages of Alzheimer's disease.
Low zinc availability limits the response to phosphorus fertilization in cotton
Authors: Santos Elcio Ferreira , Macedo Fernando Giovannetti , Rodrigues Marcos , Pavinato Paulo Sérgio , Lavres José 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundCotton productivity is commonly limited by the imbalanced nutritional status of phosphorus (P) and zinc (Zn) in Brazil. Evaluating the effect of the P–Zn interaction on nutrient availability in soil is crucial, as this interaction promotes plant adaptations that modify the availability of these nutrients in the rhizosphere. However, the influence of root growth on the P–Zn interaction and its adsorption in rhizosphere soil remains poorly understood.AimWe tested the interaction of P and Zn rates in two classes of soil cultivated with cotton. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the P and Zn availability and adsorption capacity by rhizosphere soils cultivated with cotton plants subjected to P and Zn rates.MethodsCotton plants were grown under greenhouse conditions in two different soils (Entisol and Oxisol), with different P and Zn rates. Phosphorus fractionation and Zn sequential extraction were assessed in rhizosphere soil, while total P and Zn concentrations were measured in the shoot and roots.ResultsSoil type significantly affected the P–Zn availabilities on rhizosphere soils. Although increased P‐rates raised P‐soil availability on bulk and rhizosphere soils, cotton growth was not increased under low soil‐Zn availability. The labile inorganic P content was influenced by P and Zn rates just in Oxisol. In both soils, the Zn‐ Zn‐exchangeable content was decreased by P rates, while Zn bound to oxides increased.ConclusionsSoil‐type effects on P–Zn interaction could have important implications for increasing cotton productivity. Increased cotton productivity by P application was only achieved with an adequate supply of Zn.
Protective effects of oyster polypeptide on cyclophosphamide‐induced immunosuppressed rats
Authors: He Ying , Nong Yunyuan , Qin Junliang , Feng Linlin , Qin Jinghua , Wang Qianyi , Deng Lijun , Tang Siqi , Zhang Meiling , Fan Xiaofeng , Dong Min , Wei Jinbin , Pan Shihan , Su Zhiheng 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBACKGROUNDOyster polypeptide (OP) is a mixture of oligopeptides extracted from oysters through enzyme lysis, separation, and purification. It is associated with immunomodulatory effects, but the underlying mechanisms are not known. This study therefore combined proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H‐NMR) urinary metabolomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing of the gut microbiome to determine the immunoprotective mechanisms of OP in rats subjected to cyclophosphamide‐induced immunosuppression.RESULTSOyster polypeptide restored the body weight and the structure of spleen and thymus in rats with cyclophosphamide‐induced immunosuppression. It upregulated the levels of white blood cells (WBCs), hemoglobin (HGB), platelets (PLT), red blood cells (RBCs), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin M (IgM), cytokines such as interleukin‑6 (IL‐6) and tumor necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α), and increased the numbers of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells in the immunosuppressed rats. The 1H‐NMR metabolomics results showed that OP significantly reversed the levels of ten metabolites in urine, including 2‐oxoglutarate, citrate, dimethylamine, taurine, N‐phenylacetylglycine, alanine, betaine, creatinine, uracil, and benzoate. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing results showed that OP restored the gut microbiome homeostasis by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria and reducing the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. Finally, a combination of metabolomics and microbiomics found that the metabolism of taurine and hypotaurine, and the metabolism of alanine, aspartate, and glutamate were disturbed, but these metabolic pathways were restored by OP.CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated that OP had immunoprotective effects in rats with cyclophosphamide‐induced immunosuppression by restoring key metabolic pathways and the gut microbiome homeostasis. Our findings provide a framework for further research into the immunoregulatory mechanisms of OP and its potential use in drugs and nutritional supplements. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
A comprehensive review of the impact of farmland property rights stability on farmers' land use and protection behaviors
Authors: Baopeng Xie , Ying Chen , Tingting Pei , Mak‐Mensah Erastus 
Published: April 2024

AbstractThe stability of property rights is a key factor in incentivizing farmers to engage in land use and protection activities, which, in turn, serve to mitigate or prevent the degradation of land resources and enhance the effectiveness of agricultural management practices. This research uses Scientometric analysis according to PRISMA guidelines to thoroughly examine academic landscape related to the stability of farmland property rights and its impact on farmers' land utilization and protection behaviors. By examining 4165 publications from 2014 to 2023 in Web of Science and Scopus databases, the study conducts a comprehensive analysis. Theoretical frameworks elucidate three primary avenues through which property rights influence farmers' behavior: the assurance effect, collateral effect, and realizable effect. Through document co‐citation analysis 11 distinct thematic clusters were revealed, highlighting the prominence of land tenure security (Cluster #0). Notably, Ma X's publication experienced a significant 4‐year surge, indicating its key influence. Author co‐citation analysis outlined author clusters, emphasizing the increasing relevance of authors like Cotula L, Angelsen A, and De Schuttero during specific periods. Journal co‐citation analysis revealed cohesive journal clusters such as Development and Change and Journal of Peasant Studies, showcasing thematic boundaries within clusters. Keywords co‐citation analysis (CO‐DESC) identified thematic clusters around “China,” “agricultural land,” and “land use,” with keywords like “land degradation” exhibiting substantial bursts. This systematic analysis highlights influential publications, authors, journals, and thematic clusters, emphasizing the structured landscape within farmland property rights research and revealing critical aspects impacting farmers' behavior and land use.
Quickly Formed Continuously Tuneable Laser in the Full Visible Spectrum Using Cholesteric Liquid Crystal Cells Based on the Electrothermal Effect
Authors: Jeong Mi‐Yun , Choi Hyeon‐Jong , Nam Youngwoo , Kwak Keumcheol 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWavelength‐tuneable lasers can play a crucial role across many fields, and their applications continue to expand with advancements. Cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) devices are developed, enabling good wavelength‐tuneable lasers. In CLC devices, pitch control is required to tune the desired wavelength. However, pitch control takes a long time and is difficult, which limits the speed and range of laser wavelength tuning. Here, by applying a voltage once and forming an electric field gradient along the wedge direction in the CLC wedge cell, we could realize CLC pitch gradient arrays that achieve continuous wavelength tuning over 500 nm in only 10 min through the electrothermal effect while continuously generating laser lines in the full visible spectrum. The laser wavelength could be rapidly tuned over the full visible spectrum by moving within the array in the wedge cell. The study of CLC cells for electric field application in real time is able to observe the dynamic process of pitch change directly. This new laser device and strategy has potential in many fields that require active laser tuning and is expected to lead to innovative changes in the development of future practical laser devices in the optical industry.
All‐Optical Multi‐Order Multiplexing Differentiation Based on Dynamic Liquid Crystals
Authors: Liang Xiao , Zhu Dong , Dai Qi , Xie Yingxin , Zhou Zhou , Peng Chang , Li Zile , Chen Peng , Lu Yan‐Qing , Yu Shaohua , Zheng Guoxing 
Published: April 2024

AbstractWith the advantages of parallel processing, high‐speed operation, and ultra‐low power consumption, optical computing presents immense potential in this age of information explosion. As a fundamental optical computing component, optical differentiator has extensive applications, particularly excelling in the real‐time processing and recognition of high‐frame‐rate image information. An ideal optical differentiator needs to adapt to different application scenarios, such as arbitrary operating wavelengths, complex or even transparent targets. Furthermore, performing differential operations of varying orders on target optical field can extract multi‐level information. Unfortunately, most current differential computing devices can only meet part of the requirements, which limits the attained information dimensions and hinders the development of their practical application. Herein, a universal platform based on liquid crystals (LCs) is proposed to achieve 0th‐, 1st‐, and 2nd‐order differential operations of amplitude‐typed or even phase‐typed objects within a broadband range. The switching of different differentiation orders can be accomplished by straightforward adjusting the applied voltages of the differentiator. This approach is capable of extracting more feature information including bright‐field, outline, and edges images of versatile targets. With advanced characteristics of multi‐dimension, broadband and multifunction, the work can flourish applications in fields of image processing, biomedical imaging and optical analog computation, etc.
Building to learn: Information technology innovations to enable rapid pragmatic evaluation in a learning health system
Authors: Rajamani Geetanjali , Melton Genevieve B. , Pestka Deborah L. , Peters Maya , Ninkovic Iva , Lindemann Elizabeth , Beebe Timothy J. , Shippee Nathan , Benson Bradley , Jacob Abraham , Tignanelli Christopher , Ingraham Nicholas E. , Koopmeiners Joseph S. , Usher Michael G. 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundLearning health systems (LHSs) iteratively generate evidence that can be implemented into practice to improve care and produce generalizable knowledge. Pragmatic clinical trials fit well within LHSs as they combine real‐world data and experiences with a degree of methodological rigor which supports generalizability.ObjectivesWe established a pragmatic clinical trial unit (“RapidEval”) to support the development of an LHS. To further advance the field of LHS, we sought to further characterize the role of health information technology (HIT), including innovative solutions and challenges that occur, to improve LHS project delivery.MethodsDuring the period from December 2021 to February 2023, eight projects were selected out of 51 applications to the RapidEval program, of which five were implemented, one is currently in pilot testing, and two are in planning. We evaluated pre‐study planning, implementation, analysis, and study closure approaches across all RapidEval initiatives to summarize approaches across studies and identify key innovations and learnings by gathering data from study investigators, quality staff, and IT staff, as well as RapidEval staff and leadership.Implementation (Results)Implementation approaches spanned a range of HIT capabilities including interruptive alerts, clinical decision support integrated into order systems, patient navigators, embedded micro‐education, targeted outpatient hand‐off documentation, and patient communication. Study approaches include pre‐post with time‐concordant controls (1), randomized stepped‐wedge (1), cluster randomized across providers (1) and location (3), and simple patient level randomization (2).ConclusionsStudy selection, design, deployment, data collection, and analysis required close collaboration between data analysts, informaticists, and the RapidEval team.