bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Porphyrin−BODIPY Dyad: Enhancing Photodynamic Inactivation via Antenna Effect
Authors: Pérez María E. , Durantini Javier E. , Martínez Sol R. , Durantini Andrés M. , Milanesio María E. , Durantini Edgardo N. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractA porphyrin−BODIPY dyad (P−BDP) was obtained through covalent bonding, featuring a two‐segment design comprising a light‐harvesting antenna system connected to an energy acceptor unit. The absorption spectrum of P−BDP resulted from an overlap of the individual spectra of its constituent parts, with the fluorescence emission of the BODIPY unit experiencing significant quenching (96 %) due to the presence of the porphyrin unit. Spectroscopic, computational, and redox investigations revealed a competition between photoinduced energy and electron transfer processes. The dyad demonstrated the capability to sensitize both singlet molecular oxygen and superoxide radical anions. Additionally, P−BDP effectively induced the photooxidation of L‐tryptophan. In suspensions of Staphylococcus aureus cells, the dyad led to a reduction of over 3.5 log (99.99 %) in cell survival following 30 min of irradiation with green light. Photodynamic inactivation caused by P−BDP was also extended to the individual bacterium level, focusing on bacterial cells adhered to a surface. This dyad successfully achieved the total elimination of the bacteria upon 20 min of irradiation. Therefore, P−BDP presents an interesting photosensitizing structure that takes advantage of the light‐harvesting antenna properties of the BODIPY unit combined with porphyrin, offering potential to enhance photoinactivation of bacteria.
Gastric sarcoidosis diagnosed with endoscopic ultrasound
Authors: El Sharu Husam , Ibarra Stephanie , Chaudhary Ammad , Hidri Sinda , Khan Zarak , Hoo‐Fatt Danielle 
Published: March 2024

Key Clinical MessageEndoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) is crucial in diagnosing gastrointestinal sarcoidosis, especially when patients exhibit refractory abdominal symptoms. Our case highlights the significance of considering sarcoidosis in such cases and emphasizes the utility of EUS for accurate diagnosis and guiding appropriate treatment.AbstractGastrointestinal sarcoidosis is a rare and challenging manifestation of sarcoidosis that often presents with nonspecific abdominal symptoms, making diagnosis a complex process. We report the case of a 46‐year‐old African American female who experienced chronic epigastric abdominal pain, recurrent nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea for 15 years. Despite extensive investigations, including multiple biopsies, she was misdiagnosed with cyclic vomiting syndrome. Subsequently, an endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) revealed prominent lymph nodes and gastric granulomas, leading to a diagnosis of GS. This case underscores the importance of considering sarcoidosis in patients with refractory abdominal symptoms and highlights the utility of EUS in diagnosing this rare condition.
Manipulating photogenerated electron flow in nickel single‐atom catalysts for photocatalytic CO2 reduction into tunable syngas
Authors: Zhang Yida , Wang Qingyu , Wu Lihui , Pan Haibin , Liu Chengyuan , Lin Yue , Wang Gongming , Zheng Xusheng 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe key to designing photocatalysts is to orient the migration of photogenerated electrons to the target active sites rather than dissipate at inert sites. Herein, we demonstrate that the doping of phosphorus (P) significantly enriches photogenerated electrons at Ni active sites and enhances the performance for CO2 reduction into syngas. During photocatalytic CO2 reduction, Ni single‐atom‐anchored P‐modulated carbon nitride showed an impressive syngas yield rate of 85 μmol gcat−1 h−1 and continuously adjustable CO/H2 ratios ranging from 5:1 to 1:2, which exceeded those of most of the reported carbon nitride‐based single‐atom catalysts. Mechanistic studies reveal that P doping improves the conductivity of catalysts, which promotes photogenerated electron transfer to the Ni active sites rather than dissipate randomly at low‐activity nonmetallic sites, facilitating the CO2‐to‐syngas photoreduction process.
Suppressing Cis/Trans ‘Ring‐Flipping’ in Organoaluminium(III)‐2‐Pyridyl Dimers–Design Strategies Towards Lewis Acid Catalysts for Alkene Oligomerisation
Authors: Choudhury Dipanjana , Lam Ching Ching , Farag Nadia L. , Slaughter Jonathan , Bond Andrew D. , Goodman Jonathan M. , Wright Dominic S. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractOwing to its high natural abundance compared to the commonly used transition (precious) metals, as well as its high Lewis acidity and ability to change oxidation state, aluminium has recently been explored as the basis for a range of single‐site catalysts. This paper aims to establish the ground rules for the development of a new type of cationic alkene oligomerisation catalyst containing two Al(III) ions, with the potential to act co‐operatively in stereoselective assembly. Five new dimers of the type [R2Al(2‐py′)]2 (R=Me, iBu; py′=substituted pyridyl group) with different substituents on the Al atoms and pyridyl rings have been synthesised. The formation of the undesired cis isomers can be suppressed by the presence of substituents on the 6‐position of the pyridyl ring due to steric congestion, with DFT calculations showing that the selection of the trans isomer is thermodynamically controlled. Calculations show that demethylation of the dimers [Me2Al(2‐py′)]2 with Ph3C+ to the cations [{MeAl(2‐py’)}2(μ‐Me)]+ is highly favourable and that the desired trans disposition of the 2‐pyridyl ring units is influenced by steric effects. Preliminary experimental studies confirm that demethylation of [Me2Al(6‐MeO‐2‐py)]2 can be achieved using [Ph3C][B(C6F5)4].
Controlling the Crystal Growth of DNA Molecules via Strategic Chemical Modifications
Authors: Lyu Jiazhen , Zhu Tingyu , Zhou Yan , Zhao Ting , Fei Meiling , Zhong Xiaowu , He Hongfei 
Published: March 2024

AbstractIntermolecular interactions are critical to the crystallization of biomolecules, yet the precise control of biomolecular crystal growth based on these interactions remains elusive. To understand the connections between the crystallization kinetics and the strength of intermolecular interactions, herein we have employed DNA triangular crystals and modified ones as a versatile tool to investigate how the strength of intermolecular interaction affects crystal growth. Interestingly, we have found that the 2’‐O‐methylation at sticky ends of the DNA triangle could strengthen its intermolecular interaction, resulting in the accelerated formation of smaller crystals. Conversely, phosphorothioate modification could weaken the sticky‐end cohesion and delay the nucleation, resulting in formation of fewer but larger crystals. In addition, these modification effects were consistently observed in the crystallization of a DNA decamer. In one word, our experimental results demonstrate that the strength of intermolecular interaction directly impacts crystal growth. It suggests that 2’‐O‐methylation and phosphorothioate modification represents a rational strategy for controlling DNA molecules grow into desired crystals and it also facilitates structural determination.
Injectable Chitosan Hydrogels Doped with 2D Peptide Nanosheet‐Drug Conjugates for Glutathione‐Responsive Sustained Drug Delivery
Authors: Luan Xin , Hu Huiqiang , Zhu Danzhu , He Peng , Sun Zhengang , Xi Yongming , Wei Gang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe development of novel and effective drug delivery systems aimed at enhancing therapeutic profile and efficacy of therapeutic agents is a critical challenge in modern medicine. This study presents an intelligent drug delivery system based on self‐assembled two‐dimensional peptide nanosheets (2D PNSs). Leveraging the tunable properties of amino acid structures and sequences, we design a peptide with the sequence of Fmoc‐FKKGSHC, which self‐assembles into 2D PNSs with uniform structure, high biocompatibility, and excellent degradability. Covalent attachment of thiol‐modified doxorubicin (DOX) drugs to 2D PNSs via disulfide bond results in the peptide‐drug conjugates (PDCs), which is denoted as PNS‐SS‐DOX. Subsequently, the PDCs are encapsulated within the injectable, thermosensitive chitosan (CS) hydrogels for drug delivery. The designed drug delivery system demonstrates outstanding pH‐responsiveness and sustained drug release capabilities, which are facilitated by the characteristics of the CS hydrogels. Meanwhile, the covalently linked disulfide bond within the PNS‐SS‐DOX is responsive to intracellular glutathione (GSH) within tumor cells, enabling controlled drug release and significantly inhibiting the cancer cell growth. This responsive peptide‐drug conjugate based on a 2D peptide nanoplatform paves the way for the development of smart drug delivery systems and has bright prospects in the future biomedicine field.
Pd‐Catalyzed Highly Regioselective Hydroesterification of Terminal Alkyl Olefins with Formates
Authors: Li Junhua , Shen Tianci , Yang Yan , Shi Yian 
Published: March 2024

Comprehensive SummaryA Pd‐catalyzed regioselective hydroesterification of alkyl terminal olefins with aryl formates is described. A wide variety of linear carboxylic esters bearing various functional groups can be obtained in good yields with high regioselectivities under mild reaction conditions by using 1,2‐DTBPMB or (p‐F‐Ph)3P as ligand. The reaction process is operationally simple and requires no handling of toxic CO or strong acid. The resulting aryl esters can be readily converted to other carboxylic acid derivatives.
Achieving Seconds‐to‐Hours Duration‐Tunable Organic Long Persistent Luminescence from Carbon Dots‐Based Exciplex Systems by Energy Gaps Regulation†
Authors: Xu Yixuan , Jiang Kai , Feng Linger , Tong Xinyuan , Zhou Zuxu , Li Fengshi , Zhang Yi , Du Jiaren , Lin Hengwei 
Published: March 2024

Comprehensive SummaryDuration‐tunable afterglow materials have garnered considerable attention in various applications. Herein, carbon dots (CDs)‐based long persistent luminescence (LPL) composites with a tunable duration in an ultrawide range of seconds‐to‐hours levels were designed and prepared for the first time. In contrast to the established CD‐based afterglow materials, we reported that CD‐based composites exhibit LPL in the form of exciplexes and long‐lived charge‐separated states, enabling the LPL to be prolonged from several seconds to over one hour, exceeding the typical regulation range (limited to 1 min). Further studies revealed that the relationship between the excited and charge‐transfer states of CDs plays a pivotal role in activating the LPL and regulating its duration. Furthermore, these composites exhibited high photoluminescence (PL) quantum yields of up to 60.63%, and their LPL was robust under ambient conditions, even in aqueous media. Their robust and superior LPL performance endows these composites with a strong competitive advantage in dynamic display systems, such as tags for time‐resolved data encryption and displays of the remaining time of takeaways. This study offers an approach to preparing CDs‐based LPL composites with tunable durations and may provide new insights for the development of rare‐earth‐free LPL materials.
Smoking and outcomes following personalized antiplatelet therapy in chronic coronary syndrome patients: A substudy from the randomized PATH‐PCI trial
Authors: Pan Ying , Wu Ting‐Ting , Deng Chang‐Jiang , Yang Yi , Hou Xian‐Geng , Yan Tuo , Wang Shun , Zheng Ying‐Ying , Xie Xiang 
Published: March 2024

AbstractBackgroundThis is a sub‐analysis of the Personalized Antithrombotic Therapy for Coronary Heart Disease after PCI (PATH‐PCI) trial in China to explore the relationship between smoking and outcomes following personalized antiplatelet therapy (PAT) in chronic coronary syndrome (CCS) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).MethodsAs a single‐center, prospective, randomized controlled and open‐label trial, the PATH‐PCI trial randomized CCS patients undergoing PCI into standard group or personalized group guided by a novel platelet function test (PFT), from December 2016 to February 2018. All patients were divided into smokers and nonsmokers according to their smoking status. Subsequently, we underwent a 180‐day follow‐up evaluation. The primary endpoint was the net adverse clinical events (NACE).ResultsRegardless of smoking status, in the incidence of NACE, there was a reduction with PAT but that the reductions are not statistically significant. In the incidence of bleeding events, we found no statistically significant difference between two groups (smokers: 2.0% vs. 1.4%, HR = 1.455, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.595−3.559, p = .412; nonsmokers: 2.2% vs. 1.8%, HR = 1.228, 95% CI: 0.530−2.842, p = .632). In smokers, PAT reduced major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) by 48.7% (3.0% vs. 5.9%, HR = 0.513, 95% CI: 0.290−0.908, p = .022), compared with standard antiplatelet therapy (SAT). PAT also reduced the major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) but there was no statistically difference in the reductions (p > .05). In nonsmokers, PAT reduced MACCE and MACE by 51.5% (3.3% vs. 6.7%, HR = 0.485, 95% CI: 0.277−0.849, p = .011) and 63.5% (1.8% vs. 4.9%, HR = 0.365, 95% CI: 0.178−0.752, p = .006), respectively. When testing p‐values for interaction, we found there was no significant interaction of smoking status with treatment effects of PAT (pint‐NACE = .184, pint‐bleeding = .660).ConclusionRegardless of smoking, PAT reduced the MACE and MACCE, with no significant difference in bleeding. This suggests that PAT was an recommendable regimen to CCS patients after PCI, taking into consideration both ischemic and bleeding risk.
Medical Applications of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles and Core‐Shell Nanostructures Based on Silver or Gold Core: Recent Progress and Innovations
Authors: Kowalska Agata , Adamska Elżbieta , Grobelna Beata 
Published: March 2024

AbstractNanoparticles (NPs) of noble metals such as silver (Ag NPs) or gold (Au NPs) draw the attention of scientists looking for new compounds to use in medical applications. Scientists have used metal NPs because of their easy preparation, biocompatibility, ability to influence the shape and size or modification, and surface functionalization. However, to fully use their capabilities, both the benefits and their potential threats should be considered. One possibility to reduce the potential threat and thus prevent the extinction of their properties resulting from the agglomeration, they are covered with a neutral material, thus obtaining core‐shell nanostructures that can be further modified and functionalized depending on the subsequent application. In this review, we focus on discussing the properties and applications of Ag NPs and Au NPs in the medical field such as the treatment of various diseases, drug carriers, diagnostics, and many others. In addition, the following review also discusses the use and potential applications of Ag@SiO2 and Au@SiO2 core‐shell nanostructures, which can be used in cancer therapy and diagnosis, treatment of infections, or tissue engineering.
The prosubiculum in the human hippocampus: A rostrocaudal, feature‐driven, and systematic approach
Authors: Rosenblum Emma W. , Williams Emily M. , Champion Samantha N. , Frosch Matthew P. , Augustinack Jean C. 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe hippocampal subfield prosubiculum (ProS), is a conserved neuroanatomic region in mouse, monkey, and human. This area lies between CA1 and subiculum (Sub) and particularly lacks consensus on its boundaries; reports have varied on the description of its features and location. In this report, we review, refine, and evaluate four cytoarchitectural features that differentiate ProS from its neighboring subfields: (1) small neurons, (2) lightly stained neurons, (3) superficial clustered neurons, and (4) a cell sparse zone. ProS was delineated in all cases (n = 10). ProS was examined for its cytoarchitectonic features and location rostrocaudally, from the anterior head through the body in the hippocampus. The most common feature was small pyramidal neurons, which were intermingled with larger pyramidal neurons in ProS. We quantitatively measured ProS pyramidal neurons, which showed (average, width at pyramidal base = 14.31 µm, n = 400 per subfield). CA1 neurons averaged 15.57 µm and Sub neurons averaged 15.63 µm, both were significantly different than ProS (Kruskal–Wallis test, p < .0001). The other three features observed were lightly stained neurons, clustered neurons, and a cell sparse zone. Taken together, these findings suggest that ProS is an independent subfield, likely with distinct functional contributions to the broader interconnected hippocampal network. Our results suggest that ProS is a cytoarchitecturally varied subfield, both for features and among individuals. This diverse architecture in features and individuals for ProS could explain the long‐standing complexity regarding the identification of this subfield.
Deep code search efficiency based on clustering
Authors: Liu Kun , Liu Jianxun , Hu Haize 
Published: March 2024

AbstractThe deep‐learning based code search model mainly takes accuracy as the only target for judging the performance of the model, ignoring the efficiency of code search. This article proposes a clustering‐based code search model (C‐DCS). C‐DCS uses the K‐Means to divide the code vector base into K clusters and obtains the center vectors of K clusters. While searching, C‐DCS first matches the query vector with the K center vectors to get the best matching center vector. After matching the center vector, C‐DCS matches the query vector with code vectors in the cluster corresponding to the best matching center vector one by one and then gets the best matching code snippet vector. To verify the efficiency of C‐DCS in the code search task, experimental analysis was built on a large dataset. The experimental results showed that C‐DCS saves 92.2% of the search time compared to the baseline model while remaining the accuracy. In the experimental evaluation section, we optimized the K‐Means algorithm to improve the code search efficiency of C‐DCS further, reducing the search time to 93.8% of the baseline model. Hence, C‐DCS reduces the code search time greatly with not affecting the accuracy, improving the efficiency of software development.
A spatio‐temporal graph convolutional approach to real‐time load forecasting in an edge‐enabled distributed Internet of Smart Grids energy system
Authors: Liu Qi , Pan Li , Cao Xuefei , Gan Jixiang , Huang Xianming , Liu Xiaodong 
Published: March 2024

SummaryAs the edge nodes of the Internet of Smart Grids (IoSG), smart sockets enable all kinds of power load data to be analyzed at the edge, which create conditions for edge calculation and real‐time (RT) load forecasting. In this article, an edge‐cloud computing analysis energy system is proposed to collect and analyze power load data, and a combination of graph convolutional network (GCN) with LSTM, called KGLSTM is used to achieve mid‐long term mixed sequential mode RT forecasting. In the proposed edge‐cloud framework, distributed intelligent sockets are regarded as edge nodes to collect, analyze and upload data to cloud services for further processing. The proposed KGLSTM network adopts a double branch structure. One branch extracts the data characteristics of mid‐short term time‐series data through an encoding–decoding LSTM module; the other branch extracts the data features of long term timing data through an adapted GCN. GCN is used to extract spatial correlations between different nodes. In addition, by combining a dynamic weighted loss function, the accuracy of peak forecasting is effectively improved. Finally, through various experimental indicators, this article shows that KGLSTM and weighted KGLSTM have achieved significant performance improvement over recent methods in mid‐long term time‐series forecasting and peak forecasting.
Mapping the landscape of environmental, social and governance research: A bibliometric analysis
Authors: Dwibedi Pruthiranjan , Pahi Debasis , Sahu Antarjyami 
Published: March 2024

AbstractEnvironmental, social, and governance (ESG) policies have increased to the forefront of global discourse, appealing to the consideration of international and national institutes alike. To stay ahead of the curve and build long‐term competitive advantage, companies must prioritize proactive ESG research and integrate its findings into their strategies. Additionally, comprehensive ESG research is crucial to inform effective policy interventions that address pressing environmental, social, and governance issues. This article leverages Scopus data to conduct a bibliometric analysis of ESG research from 2007 to 2022, aiming to map the field's intellectual landscape and identify key themes driving its current state. The study highlights the top contributors, institutions, and journals that have focused on ESG issues. Moreover, it examines co‐citation networks, collaboration networks, and keyword co‐occurrences, which provides a comprehensive overview of intellectual structure. This study contributes to the understanding of the ESG research landscape and provides insights for future research directions.
Dual wideband high‐efficient reflective linear‐to‐dual‐circular dual‐rotational polarization converter with two complementary twin‐split square‐ring resonators
Authors: Zaker Reza 
Published: March 2024

SummaryA high‐efficient linear‐to‐circular polarization (LP‐to‐CP) converter with dual‐band, dual‐rotational‐direction reflectivity using a single‐layer selective surface (FSS) with a thickness of
at 3.5 GHz is designed and investigated. The unit cell, measuring 8 mm × 8 mm (
at 3.5 GHz), consists of two dual‐slotted square rings, with the outer ring providing two nonadjacent CP bands with two reflective resonances in each. The inner ring, with a 90° rotation and the ability to create different polarization and phase behavior, obtains two wide bands with high CP quality. Parametric studies and optimal results show an interesting fact that incident x(y)‐direction LP wave is effectively converted into right‐hand CP, that is, RHCP (left‐hand CP, i.e., LHCP) wave at the former band and into LHCP (RHCP) at the later band. Finally, a practical 10 × 10 optimal array is fabricated which offers excellent axial ratio below 2 dB over two wide bandwidths: 3.46 to 5.96 GHz (53%: S and C bands) and 7.8 to 12.2 GHz (44%: X band). The converter is angularly stable over 45° and 30° in the stated bands, respectively. A good agreement between simulation and measurement and essential comparisons with literature are also proposed. The results demonstrate significant potential for different dual‐band CP applications with simultaneous isolated uplink and downlink.