bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Detecting Freezing of Gait in Parkinson Disease Using Multiple Wearable Sensors Sets During Various Walking Tasks Relative to Medication Conditions (DetectFoG): Protocol for a Prospective Cohort Study
Authors: Cordillet Sébastien , Drapier Sophie , Leh Frédérique , Dumont Audeline , Bidet Florian , Bonan Isabelle , Jamal Karim 
Published: February 2025

Background
Freezing of gait (FoG) is one of the most disabling symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD). Detecting and monitoring episodes of FoG are important in the medical follow-up of patients to assess disease progression and functional impact and to adjust treatment accordingly. Although several questionnaires exist, they lack objectivity. Using wearable sensors such as inertial measurement units (IMUs) to detect FoG episodes offers greater objectivity and accuracy. There is no consensus on the number and location of IMU, type of algorithm, and method of triggering and scoring the FoG episodes.

Objective
The objective of this study is to investigate the use of multiple wearable sensors sets to detect FoG in patients with PD during various walking tasks under different medication conditions.

Methods
This single-center, prospective cohort study (DetectFoG) will include 18 patients with PD. Patients will be fitted with 7 IMUs and will walk a freezing-provoking path under different tasks—“single task,” “dual motor task,” or “dual cognitive task”—and medical conditions corresponding to levodopa medication (“on” or “off”). Passages will be videotaped, and 2 movement disorder specialists will identify FoG episodes in the videos. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the most effective combination of wearable sensors for detecting FoG episodes will be studied.

Results
The study is currently in the data collection phase, having commenced recruitment in February 2024. Once all data have been gathered, the data analysis will commence. As of August 2024, 3 patients have been recruited. It is anticipated that the results will be published by the end of 2025.

Conclusions
Detecting FoG episodes in various medical and clinical settings would provide a more comprehensive understanding of this phenomenon. Furthermore, it would enable reliable and objective monitoring of the progression of this symptom based on treatments and the natural course of the disease. This could serve as an objective tool for monitoring patients and assessing the severity and frequency of FoG.

Trial Registration
Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05822258; https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05822258

International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)
DERR1-10.2196/58612
Device Failures and Adverse Events Associated With Rhinolaryngoscopes: Analysis of the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) Database
Authors: Chang Shao-Hsuan , Chen Daishi , Chen Chi-Sheng , Zhou Dong , Yeh Lung-Kun 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Background
Rhinolaryngoscopes are one of the most widely used tools by otolaryngologists and speech-language pathologists in current clinical practice. However, there is limited data on adverse events associated with or caused by the use of rhinolaryngoscopes.

Objective
In this study, we used the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE) database with the aim of providing insights that may assist otolaryngologists in better understanding the limitations of these devices and selecting appropriate procedures for their specific clinical setting.

Methods
We characterized complications associated with the postmarket use of rhinolaryngoscope devices from the US Food and Drug Administration MAUDE database from 2016 through 2023.

Results
A total of 2591 reports were identified, including 2534 device malfunctions, 56 injuries, and 1 death, from 2016 through 2023. The most common device problem with rhinolaryngoscopes was breakage (n=1058 reports, 40.8%), followed by fluid leaks (n=632 reports, 24.4%). The third most common problem was poor image quality (n=467 reports, 18%). Other device issues included contamination or device reprocessing problems (n=127 reports, 4.9%), material deformation or wear (n=125 reports, 4.8%), and device detachment (n=73 reports, 2.8%). Of the 63 reported adverse events, the most common patient-related adverse event was hemorrhage or bleeding, accounting for 18 reports, with the root causes including material deformation or wear, breakage, wrinkled rubber, or improper operation.

Conclusions
Our study offers valuable insights for endoscopists and manufacturers to recognize potential issues and adverse events associated with the use of rhinolaryngoscopes. It emphasizes the need for improving device reliability, training, and procedural protocols to enhance patient safety during diagnostic procedures.
Uma proposta de aula com o gênero discursivo notícia numa perspectiva dialógica da linguagem
Authors: Silva Eduardo João da , Santos Soares da Silva Juciano , Costa Isaac , Farias de Almeida Barros Emmanuella , Karlo-Gomes Geam 
Published: February 2025

Este artigo tem como foco analisar o processo de didatização do gênero discursivo notícia numa perspectiva dialógica de linguagem. Procuramos discutir como seria uma proposta de aula envolvendo o gênero discursivo notícia numa perspectiva dialógica de linguagem no ensino fundamental (anos finais). Para discorrer acerca do nosso problema no presente estudo, amparamo-nos em um quadro teórico que abrange pressupostos da Teoria Dialógica da Linguagem (Bakhtin, 1992, 2011), numa interface com a vertente didática do Interacionismo Sociodiscursivo (Schneuwly; Dolz, 1999, 2004). O gênero notícia se revela como uma oportunidade para promover o diálogo entre os estudantes, permitindo que eles compreendam não apenas a estrutura e os elementos desse gênero, mas também sua função social e comunicativa. A sala de aula se torna um espaço propício para a reflexão sobre a construção discursiva das notícias, bem como para o desenvolvimento das habilidades de leitura crítica e produção textual. Como resultado dessa análise criteriosa da proposta pedagógica no âmbito educacional, sabemos que poderá desencadear resultados significativos e ficará uma reflexão positiva que provavelmente possibilitará em uma melhor qualidade do ensino.
Se a Norma Não É Suficiente, A Luta se Faz Presente
Authors: Thays de Almeida Claudino Jessica , Renner Artur de Lima Eric 
Published: February 2025

O direito à moradia, de regra relegado a segundo plano em razão da defesa do direito à propriedade privada, ganhou relevância com a pandemia do Covid-19 e os seus impactos junto à população, sobretudo aquela mais vulnerável. Essa relevância, decorrente em grande parte dos esforços da Campanha Despejo Zero, leva a refletir acerca dos modos como as lutas dos movimentos sociais representam condição para que haja o reconhecimento de determinados sujeitos de direitos, especialmente face ao direito à moradia. Dessa forma, este trabalho objetiva analisar como a atuação dos movimentos sociais, através da Campanha Despejo Zero, repercute nos autos da ADPF n° 828, materializando o sujeito de direito em relação ao direito à moradia para contornar o protecionismo à propriedade privada. Para alcançar o fim pretendido, utilizou-se de uma análise documental - dos autos da ADPF n° 828 no julgamento no Supremo Tribunal Federal, bem como dos materiais produzidos e disponibilizados no site da Campanha Despejo Zero.

Palavras-chave: Direito à moradia. Pandemia. Despejo. Sofrimento.
Physicochemical and Biological Properties of Neonatal Calf Diarrhea Coronaviruses Isolated in Quebec and Comparison with the Nebraska Calf Coronavirus
Authors: Dea S. , Roy R. S. , Begin M. E. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Four coronavirus-like agents (BCQ 1, 2, 3, and 4) isolated from feces of diarrheal calves in Quebec dairy and beef herds and adapted to Vero and Madin-Darby bovine kidney (mdbk) cell cultures were characterized as coronaviruses. Their physicochemical and biological properties were compared with those of the Nebraska calf diarrhea coronavirus (ncdc) adapted to the same permissive cell cultures. Isopycnic gradient ultracentrifugation of the viral material produced in Vero cells with ncdc or BCQ 1, 2, 3, and 4 viruses resulted in three different infective particles with buoyant densities of 1.15, 1.18 to 1.21, and 1.23 g/ml in sucrose. For all isolates studied, infectivity was maximal at the density 1.18 to 1.21 g/ml, and the particles in this peak were generally circular, had a mean diameter of 100 nm, and were covered with petal-shaped projections 10 to 15 nm long. Incompleted particles were observed at the densities 1.15 and 1.23 g/ml. Studies on the filterability of the viruses supported the finding that bovine coronaviruses have a mean diameter of 100 nm. As with ncdc, the growth of the Quebec coronaviruses was not inhibited by inhibitors of DNA metabolism and all viruses were sensitive to lipid solvents and heat treatment, especially at temperatures higher than 45 C. The Quebec bovine coronavirus isolates except BCQ 3 were stabilized at 50 C in presence of 1 M MgCl2 and were stable at pH 3.0. The sensitivity of bovine coronaviruses to trypsin was shown to differ greatly from one isolate to the other. Studies on the pathogenicity of ncdc and one Quebec virus demonstrated that bovine coronaviruses are not virulent for neonatal mice, hamsters, and guinea pigs; nor did these viruses grow in embryonating chicken eggs. All Quebec isolates were shown to agglutinate the same erythrocyte species as the ncdc (rats, mice, hamsters, and guinea pigs), and the hemagglutination was not dependent on the temperature of incubation (4, 25, and 37 C).
Contagious Equine Metritis: Effect of Intrauterine Inoculation of Contagious Equine Metritis Agent in Pony Mares
Authors: Sahu S. P. , Pierson R. E. , Dardiri A. H. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Actively growing culture of contagious equine metritis (cem) bacteria or infective exudate (or both) were inoculated intrauterine in pony mares. A direct relationship was observed between (i) appearance and duration of cervicitis and vaginitis and (ii) vaginal exudate. Clinical signs appeared 1 to 3 days after mares were inoculated and lasted 7 to 23 days.
In the acute phase of infection, all uterine and cervical samples yielded cem bacteria. In the asymptomatic stage of infection, cem bacteria were not isolated from uterine and cervical samples; however, in 33%, 28%, and 20% of the pony mares, cem bacteria were present in clitoral fossa, clitoral sinus, and urethral vestibule, respectively. Sampling during early estrus increased the bacterial isolation rate to 57% in mares that were previously negative; however, 3 days later, cem bacteria could not be isolated from 62% of the positive mares.
The results of repeated exposure experiments indicated the presence of local antibodies, as no cem bacteria could be recovered at 2, 7, and 15 days after reexposure with a small number of bacterial cells (8.4 × 105 cells). The cem bacteria were isolated from all mares reexposed with a large number of bacterial cells (7.2 × 108) at 2 days after second inoculation and from 50% at 7 days. However, all of the mares were negative by day 15 after reexposure, indicating increased resistance to cem bacteria.
Radiographic Changes Associated with Developing Dirofilariasis in Experimentally Infected Dogs
Authors: Thrall Donald E. , Badertscher Robert R. , Lewis Robert E. , McCall John W. , Losonsky John M. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Experimental heartworm infection was established in ten dogs. Five had mild infections (8 to 21 worms) and five had severe infections (41 to 96 worms). After larval inoculation, dogs were radiographed each month for 1 year to evaluate cardiopulmonary changes occurring as the heartworm disease developed.
Changes seen radiographically during the first year of heartworm infection were related to the magnitude of the worm burden. In mild infections, changes mainly involved the terminal portion of the right caudal lobar pulmonary artery and were minimal. In severe infections, changes mainly involved the entirety of the right caudal lobar pulmonary artery. In some dogs, an increase in size of the right cranial lobar pulmonary artery was seen. Gross changes in the size of the right ventricle and main pulmonary artery did not frequently occur during the first year.
Somatic Cell Hybrids of Canine Peritoneal Macrophages and SV40-Transformed Human Cells: Derivation, Characterization, and Infection with Ehrlichia canis
Authors: Stephenson E. H. , Osterman J. V. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Somatic cell hybrids were obtained by fusion of canine peritoneal macrophages and SV40-transformed human skin fibroblasts. A cell line (WRH-2) was established from a single isolated hybrid clone. The WRH-2 cell line has been serially passaged 60 times and has a population doubling time of approximately 24 hours. Karyotypic analysis showed the modal number of chromosomes to be 80, with a selective segregation of canine chromosomes. Expression of incorporated canine DNA was substantiated by cellular enzyme activities and antigen expression. The susceptibility of 5% to 7% of WRH-2 cells to Ehrlichia canis infection was associated with phagocytic properties of these cells. Magnetic separation of phagocytic cells after ingestion of carbonyl iron resulted in a significant enhancement of the phagocytic population with a concomitant increase in the percentage of cells susceptible to ehrlichial infection. Serial passage of the selected subpopulation of hybrid cells, however, resulted in a rapid diminution in the percentage of phagocytic cells.
An Area of T Cell Localization in the Cloacal Bursa of White Leghorn Chickens
Authors: Odend'hal Stewart , Breazile James E. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Within the cloacal bursa (bursa of Fabricius), there is a diffusely infiltrated area (dia)of lymphoid cells just dorsal to the bursal duct opening. Because this region displayed certain histologic characteristics of thymus-dependent areas found in mammals, such as high endothelial venules, heavy reticular fiber components, and epithelium infiltrated with lymphocytes, experiments were conducted to determine whether thymus-derived cells (T cells) were present.
Two independent methods substantiated the presence of T cells in the dia. After the acid α-naphthyl acetate staining technique, the characteristic T cell focal esterase activity could be demonstrated in significant numbers of cells found in the dia. Also autologous radioactively labeled thymocytes could be identified in the dia by autoradiography a few hours after iv injection. This establishment of a definite T cell area within the bursa gives additional credence to the contention that the bursa functions as a secondary lymphatic organ.
Antibacterial Antibodies in Swine Colostrum
Authors: Inoue Takeshi , Inoue Kuniyuki , Kitano Kazuhiro 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Antibacterial antibody activities were examined in 138 samples of swine colostrum by O-agglutinin test with serotypes of Escherichia coli (O- 6, 0-45, O-81, O-83, O-115, O-138, O- 139, and O-126), Salmonella typhimurium, and Salmonella cholerae suis. The mean agglutinin titer of E coli O-83 was the highest; E coli Ο-115 was next highest. The mean agglutinin titer of S cholerae suis was lowest; S typhimurium was next to lowest.
Correlation coefficients among these O-agglutinin titers were between 0.109 and 0.693. Correlations of S typhimurium were the poorest; those of E coli O-83, E coli O-138, and S cholerae suiswere also poor.
By principal component analysis, it was possible to classify ten kinds of O-agglutinins into four groups. The cumulative proportion of the first four principal components accounted for 77.97% of the total variance. Cumulative coefficients of factor loadings were from 65.25% to 99.50% of these O-agglutinins.
Hereditary Esophageal Dysfunction in the Miniature Schnauzer Dog
Authors: Cox V. S. , Wallace L. J. , Anderson V. E. , Rushmer R. A. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Miniature Schnauzers maintained in a colony for 9 years were used to study the inheritance of esophageal dysfunction (canine achalasia, megaesophagus). All dogs were evaluated radiographically, using a barium swallow contrast technique which clearly distinguished normal and affected pups. At 4 to 6 months of age, all affected dogs had recovered clinically except one, and radiographic evidence of dysfunction was markedly diminished. None of the affected dogs required a special feeding regimen. Analysis of breeding pairs revealed a ratio of 9 affected/11 normal dogs when an affected male was mated with a normal female, and a 13/3 ratio was observed when two affected dogs were mated. These ratios were compatible with a simple autosomal dominant or a 60% penetrance autosomal-recessive mode of inheritance. Outbreeding to an affected Miniature Schnauzer/Poodle crossbred dog resulted in only two of 30 affected pups, indicating a polygenic mode of inheritance in outbred populations.
Experimental Induction of Cutaneous Streptococcal Abscesses in Swine as a Sequela to Swinepox
Authors: Miller R. B. , Olson L. D. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Streptococcal abscesses were experimentally induced in skin of swine as a sequela to swinepox. Swinepox lesions were more uniform in distribution when infection was induced by iv injection of swinepox virus than when induced by lice (Haematopinus suis) or scarification of skin. The incubation period for swinepox was between 10 and 14 days when virus was administered iv. Cutaneous abscesses developed in swine given iv injection of streptococci 10 and 14 days after they were injected with swinepox virus, but not when they were given the streptococci 7 days after virus injection or simultaneously with virus injection. Abscesses did not develop when streptococci were applied topically to swinepox lesions.
Field and Experimental Studies in Cattle and Sheep Poisoned by Nitro-Bearing Astragalus or Their Toxins
Authors: James L. F. , Hartley W. J. , Williams M. C. , Van Kampen K. R. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Various species of nitro-containing Astragalus, and the toxic principle of these plants, 3-nitropropionic acid or 3- nitro-1-propanol, were fed to sheep and cattle at doses which produced chronic or acute intoxication. The signs of intoxication produced were similar to those observed in poisoning that occurs under field conditions. The signs of intoxication were emphysema and difficulty in locomotion. Primary microscopic lesions were observed in the lungs and cns. The lungs had varying degrees of alveolar emphysema and there were varying degrees of wallerian degeneration of the spinal cord.
Lateral Migration of Haemonchus contortus Larvae on Pasture
Authors: Skinner William D. , Todd Kenneth S. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Fecal pellets containing infective larvae of Haemonchus contortus were deposited in short grass (10 cm) and tall grass (20 cm) on pasture plots for a 4-month period. One, 2, 4, and 7 days later, grass and mat samples were collected at 10 equal distances within 1 m from the feces, and the larvae were counted. Weather data were recorded and compared with lateral migration of larvae.
A few infective larvae of H contortus (0.001% of the larvae placed on the plot) were found as far as 90 cm from the feces after 24 hours. Generally, over 90% of the larvae were found within 10 cm of the feces, and the number decreased logarithmically as the distance from the feces increased.
Moisture and temperature were the most important weather factors associated with lateral larval migration. An insignificant amount of migration occurred during hot, dry weather. More migration occurred during cool, wet weather than during cool, dry weather. Temperatures recorded 5 cm below the ground and at ground level showed the closest linear correlation to lateral migration. During the late summer and fall, lateral migration increased as temperatine decreased. Survival of larvae correlated closely with lateral migration except during moderately dry periods. In such situations, lateral migration was reduced, even though there was little larval mortality.
When fecal pellets were spread away from the deposits by environmental factors such as heavy rainfall and wind, the larvae were also disseminated. Invertebrates also appeared to have a role in the dissemination of larvae.
Modification of Lethality Induced by Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B in Dutch Rabbits
Authors: Liu C. T. , Sanders R. P. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Intramuscular injection of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (seb) at a dosage level of 50 µg/kg of body weight caused death in Dutch rabbits. Lethality was not modified markedly by morphine pretreatment or by hyperthermia, thyrotoxicosis, propylthiouracil feeding, thyroparathyroidectomy, water deprivation, or fasting. The administration of acetylsalicylic acid to the seb-inoculated rabbit also failed to protect the rabbits from the effect of seb. Seemingly, the seb molecular destruction was not markedly modified by alteration of cellular metabolism, and lethal effects of seb remained unchanged in the morphine- or acetylsalicylic acid-treated rabbits.
When seb was given to six rabbits 3 days after total-body X-irradiation, fever persisted and three rabbits survived. An identical dose of seb to nonirradiated rabbits produced fever initially, followed by hypothermia and death of all six rabbits.
Dose-Response of Topical Pilocarpine in the Normotensive and Glaucomatous Beagle
Authors: Whitley R. David , Gelatt Kirk N. , Gum Glenwood G. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Single-dose loading with a placebo (isotonic saline solution), and 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 6%, and 8% pilocarpine hydrochloride (pH 7.4) was evaluated in normotensive and glaucomatous Beagle dogs to determine dose response. The seven concentrations of pilocarpine significantly (P < 0.01) reduced intraocular pressure and pupil size in the normotensive and glaucomatous-treated eyes at most time intervals as compared with baseline (pre-drug) values, untreated fellow eyes, and placebo-treated eyes. There was no significant (P > 0.40) contralateral effect on intraocular pressure or pupil size by unilateral pilocarpine administration as compared with base-line values or placebo-treated eyes.
Influence of Bronchoalveolar Washing Supernatants and Stimulated Lymphocyte Supernatants on Uptake of Pasteurella haemolytica by Cultured Bovine Alveolar Macrophages
Authors: Markham R. J. F. , Wilkie B. N. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Bovine alveolar macrophages cultured for 12 hours with normal bovine bronchoalveolar washing supernatants (bws) showed impaired phagocytosis of Pasteurella haemolytica when compared with phagocytosis in control cultures. Such impairment was not observed when another gramnegative bacillus, Yersinia enterocolitica, was used.
The bws from calves inoculated subcutaneously or intrabronchially with P haemolytica inhibited uptake of P haemolytica when bws were incubated with the bacteria prior to addition to macrophage cultures. However, serum from these calves had pronounced opsonizing activity.
Supernatants from stimulated and nonstimulated bovine peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures also inhibited phagocytosis of P haemolytica.
Lidocaine: Effect on Phagocytosis and Purification of Monocytes in Bovine Peripheral Blood
Authors: Hu Wensi S. , Muscoplat Charles C. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Enumeration of bovine monocytes was determined by latex ingestion, using live cell and fixed cell techniques. Approximately 7.33% of the mononuclear leukocytes were found to phagocytize latex particles by live-cell technique and approximately 7.38% of mononuclear leukocytes phagocytized latex particles by fixed-cell technique. Lidocaine (30 mM) significantly inhibited phagocytosis of latex particles; however, the effects of lidocaine can be reversible. Adherent monocytes can be removed with lidocaine treatment and can be enriched to as much as 90% pure monocytes. Removal of lidocaine was associated with a return to normal cell function.