bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Hypoxic conditioning induced by CoCl2 enhanced the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes on oxazolone-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions
Authors: Kim Jin-Woo , Lee Hyunji , Lee Jung Min , Kim Jin-Chul 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic skin disease characterized by inflammation and disruption of the skin barrier. It is normally treated using moisturizers and steroids; however, these are palliatives and do not serve as a therapy. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are tissue stem cells with immunomodulatory activities, and exosomes are extracellular vesicles that reflect the physiologies of producer cells. Therefore, the use of MSCs and exosomes with their immunomodulatory activities is emerging as a new method to treat AD. Here, we used cobalt chloride (CoCl2) to induce hypoxic conditioning, and tested the therapeutic efficacy of exosomes derived from CoCl2-treated MSCs in treating AD. In vitro, the exosomes derived from CoCl2-treated MSCs increased the proliferation of HaCaT cells and decreased inflammatory cytokine levels. In the oxazolone-induced chronic AD mouse model, the exosomes derived from CoCl2-treated MSCs reduced ear thickness, restored the skin barrier, and reduced immune cell infiltration and inflammatory markers. These data indicated that hypoxic conditioning induced by the CoCl2 treatment enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of exosomes derived from MSCs, suggesting that these exosomes can be used to alleviate the symptoms of AD.
Influence of Different Sample Preparation Approaches on Proteoform Identification by Top-Down Proteomics
Authors: Tholey Andreas , Kaulich Phillip , Jeong Kyowon , Kohlbacher Oliver 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Top-down proteomics (TDP) has seen significant advances in the past, and a plethora of sample preparation workflows have been developed. Here, we systematically investigated the influence of different sample preparation steps on proteoform and protein identifications, including cell lysis, reduction and alkylation, proteoform enrichment, purification, and fractionation. We found that all steps in sample preparation influence the subset of proteoforms identified (e.g., their number, confidence, physicochemical properties, and artificially generated modifications). The various sample preparation strategies resulted in complementary identifications, significantly increasing the proteome coverage. Overall, 13,975 proteoforms from 2,720 proteins of human Caco-2 cells were identified. The results presented can serve as suggestions for designing and adapting TDP sample preparation strategies to particular research questions. Moreover, the sampling bias and modifications identified at the intact protein level will also be useful in improving bottom-up proteomics approaches.
Design, characterization and shelf life of plant-based supplement
Authors: Martínez-Arellano I. , Ascanio G. , Córdova-Aguilar M. S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

A plant-based supplement type porridge was developed with the primary goal of maximizing its protein content. The characterization of such a supplement has been made in terms of physicochemical, sensory, and textural attributes, stability, and shelf life. Seven experimental formulations were made with different levels of oatmeal, lentil and bean flour using skim milk as liquid matrix. Sweeteners, a gum, and cocoa were added to adjust its flavor and stability. Sensory, rheological, and microbiological analyses were carried out. The Weibull distribution and log-logistic were used to describe the rejection function for shelf life. There were significant differences between the porridges in color, brightness, granularity and mealy texture, sweetness, bitterness, and chocolate flavor (p < 0.05). High levels of sweeteners in the porridges were described by the pour point and viscosity, rheology and sensory. None of the porridge was on a "like slightly" scale. Sucralose at 14.4 mg/kg had the lowest liking score, as well as negative emotions. Sweetness and chocolate flavor have an impact on taste, emotional behavior, and consistency. The estimated useful shelf life was 42 and 27 days at 25 and 37°C, respectively.
Constraining the yields and pathways of long-lived photo-oxidants: Suggestion of a formation process not involving organic matter triplet states
Authors: Vione Davide Vittorio , Brigante Marcello 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Long-lived photo-oxidants (LLPOs) are reactive transients photoproduced by chromophoric dissolved organic matter in sunlit surface waters, and play important roles in the photodegradation of contaminants such as phenols and anilines. Previous works identified LLPOs with phenoxy radicals, tentatively assuming they are formed upon oxidation of organic-matter phenols by the excited triplet states of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (3CDOM*). In this work we generated reactive (electron-poor) phenoxy radicals by direct UVA photolysis of 2-nitrophenol and 4-nitrophenol, and determined their reactivity with 2,4,6-trimethylphenol in water. Our main findings are: (i) LLPOs are unlikely to derive only from 3CDOM* because, to explain 2,4,6-trimethylphenol degradation, one should assume quite long LLPO lifetimes (equal to the proposed upper limits), very elevated reactivity (comparable to the most unstable/reactive phenoxy radicals), and the involvement in LLPO generation of most 3CDOM* that escape quenching by O2; (ii) results are more easily explained by assuming that LLPOs are also formed by direct photolysis of organic-matter phenols that absorb environmental UV radiation.
Assessment of genetic diversity based on morphological, biochemical and physiological traits of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) cultivars from Kerala
Authors: Reshma P. , Sree G. S. , Nair Deepa S. 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Black pepper landraces and local cultivars maintained by farmers over centuries in different agroclimatic conditions in Kerala are useful for utilizing valuable allelic diversity in breeding programs. A survey conducted in the black pepper growing regions of Kerala identified 21 genotypes with superior yield and distinct characters. Observation of qualitative morphological traits revealed moderate variability among the black pepper genotypes. The dendrogram constructed using the Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) method grouped 21 genotypes into 15 clusters at 73% genetic similarity and the similarity coefficient ranged between 0.47 and 0.81. Biochemical evaluation revealed considerable variations in their piperine (3.0–5.6%), essential oil (3.0–5.6%) and oleoresin (6.3–13.2%) contents. The principal component analysis could describe the evaluated traits as nine main and independent components, which were able to justify 86.59% of the total variance. Eigenvalues indicated that a majority of yield-related traits, viz., leaf petiole length, leaf length, leaf width, fresh spike yield, fresh berry yield and dry yield and physiological traits such as leaf thickness, relative water content and epicuticular wax, contributed to the total diversity of the black pepper germplasms. Based on the present investigation, genotypes such as G16, G15, G21, G1, G5 and G4 with considerable genetic divergence and desired qualities can be employed as good candidates in breeding programs.
Conditions and pathways for a climate club to reach a more ambitious global treaty
Authors: Yebra Pablo Núñez , Bergh Jeroen van den , Savin Ivan , Zsiros Jozsef 
Published: March 2024

Abstract

Despite the Paris Agreement, countries worldwide persist in non-harmonized and weak climate policies, triggered by concerns about competitiveness and trade effects. In view of this, the concept of a “climate club” of countries appears to be a promising complement to the Paris Agreement. This study sheds light on the potential of such a club through the use of an agent-based model that explores its dynamics and convergence to a stable coalition. The model describes 31 heterogeneous (blocks of) countries calibrated on empirical data concerning carbon emissions, abatement costs, domestic carbon prices, and the relative change in export volume upon the introduction of a border carbon tariff. In each period, non-members evaluate the possibility to join the club, while club members consider the option of leaving it, based on trading-off costs and benefits. The iterative process of joining and leaving is repeated until a stable coalition emerges in which no country wants to change its membership status. We run the model for 117 scenarios that capture a variation in the values of four key parameters: the initial coalition, the uniform carbon price of the club, the stringency of the border tariff, and the allocation of tariff revenues. An additional scenario is developed to capture the implications of WTO rules. The results indicate that achieving global coverage by a club created by the European Union alone or together with the United States has a high likelihood under a sufficiently stringent border tariff, equal to or higher than the club’s carbon price. Moreover, a partial return of the tariff revenues to non-members helping them cover abatement costs serves both to mitigate the risk of trade retaliation and to further motivate outsiders to join the club.
Anti-doping and National Politics: An Ethnography in Brazilian Anti-doping Around the Era of the Rio de Janeiro Games
Authors: Vasques Daniel Giordani , Zuzuarregi Ekain Zubizarreta , Myskiw Mauro , Stigger Marco Paulo 
Published: March 2024

Abstract
This study is based on an investigation into the Brazilian anti-doping policy, with a specific focus on the establishment and operational mechanisms of the Brazilian Doping Control Authority (ABCD), under the auspices of the Ministry of Sport (ME). The objective was to describe how Brazilian national policy (general political decisions, interests of parties or particular politicians/agents) affects the fight against doping and, vice versa, how the harmonization process controlled by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) affects national sports policy. A multi-sited ethnographic study was undertaken, involving field diary practices, interviews and document analysis. Adopting the perspective of pragmatic sociology, this study delves into the descriptions of three key periods in the recent history of anti-doping in Brazil: the creation of ABCD and the dissolution of ANAD (National Anti-Doping Agency), the realization of the first 100 anti-doping tests by the ABCD (critical period for its members who managed to keep away ex-officers from ANAD) and the impeachment of the Brazilian president in 2016 (ex-officers from ANAD took over the direction of the ABCD). Our analysis allowed us to conclude that ‘diverting others from decision-making spheres’ comprised a political strategy to occupy spaces of power or to stabilize itself in them, which, in this case, allowed the control of anti-doping actions in the country. Local protagonists tried to make use of international injunctions and pressure or local political events to achieve these goals.
Pengukuran Kinerja Supply Chain UMKM Jamur Krispi Menggunakan Supply Chain Operations Reference
Authors: Roaida Yanti  , Jundi Nourfateha Elquthb  , Prita Nurkhalisa Maradjabessy  , Qurtubi  , Debbie Kemala Sari  
Published: March 2024

Intisari— UMKM bidang makanan dan minuman memberikan kontribusi yang signifikan terhadap perekonomian nasional sebesar 7,02%. Salah satu jenis makanan dengan prospek pasar yang sangat baik adalah produk olahan jamur krispi. Namun terdapat tantangan dalam proses pengolahan dan distribusi produk yang mempengaruhi rendahnya daya saing UMKM Jamur Krispi, maka dibutuhkanlah peningkatan kinerja supply chain dalam mengolah produk dan memenuhi permintaan konsumen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dan mengevaluasi kinerja Supply Chain Management (SCM) pada UMKM Jamur Krispi agar perbaikan dengan strategi baru dapat dilakukan. Proses pengukuran performa rantai pasok menggunakan metode Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) sebagai model konseptual yang dapat menjabarkan rantai pasok menjadi metrik agar didapatkan manajemen rantai pasok yang lebih efisien. Bobot performa dari setiap indikator akan dihitung menggunakan Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) berdasarkan jawaban kuesioner perbandingan berpasangan dari pemilik UMKM yang dianalisis. Hasil penelitian ini diperoleh 23 indikator dari lima proses yaitu plan, make, source, delivery, dan return, dengan nilai akhir kinerja SCM sebesar 80,891 dan tergolong baik. Proses inti yang memiliki nilai kinerja rendah adalah plan dan return yang masing-masing sebesar 8.098 dan 9.049.
Abstract— MSMEs in the food and beverage sector significantly contribute to the national economy of 7,02%. One type of food with excellent market prospects is processed crispy mushroom products. However, there are challenges in the process of making and distributing the product that affects the low competitiveness of the Crispy Mushroom SME; thus, an increase in supply chain management performance is needed in processing the product and meeting customer demand. This study aims to measure and evaluate the performance of Supply Chain Management (SCM) in the SME of Crispy Mushroom for improvements with new strategies that can be carried out. The process of measuring SCM performance uses the Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) method as a conceptual model that can describe the supply chain into metrics for obtaining more efficient supply chain management. The performance weight of each indicator will be calculated using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) based on the answers to questionnaires from the analyzed business owner. The results of this study obtained 23 indicators from five processes, namely plan, make, source, delivery, and return, with the final value of SCM performance being good. With the absolute value of SCM performance of 80.891 and classified as good. The core processes with low-performance values are plan and return, which are 8,098 and 9,049, respectively.
STUDENT'S PERCEPTION ON THE ACTIVITIES PLACES DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Authors: Luru Marselinus Nirwan , Rahel Situmorang  , Dewi Setiani  , Farah Fauziah Andini  
Published: March 2024

Research on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on human activities has produced many new findings. This research is built on the basis of changes in the culture of student activities, which are mostly carried out offline towards a new culture in online activities. This study examines the changes in the types of activities, the place of activities and the pattern of student activities. Through quantitative research methods, data acquisition through questionnaires and descriptive analysis, found that students' weekly activities during the pandemic were quite tiring due to the increase in the number of activities. In addition, the student activities outside the campus are not effective in supporting their weekly activities as students. This is partly because of feeling bored and disturbed by other activities. Then there was a polarization of student activities during the pandemic, which can increase activity includes: sports, independent learning, running hobbies, and taking care of the house, and several decrease activities namely: socializing, performing arts, taking care of themselves, resting, watching, medical treatment, and weekly worship. This research can contribute to finding out the learning problems of students in their hometowns during the pandemic.
IDENTIFICATION OF CARBON FOOTPRINT IN THE CAST IN SITU PILE, CASE STUDY: GBK INDOOR MULTIFUNCTION STADIUM
Authors: Deffitania Olivia  , Bambang Endro Yuwono  
Published: March 2024

The development of construction project in Indonesia is growing rapidly. In the process of building construction projects, the phenomenon of the greenhouse effect has been taken part. Carbon emissions are one of the results of the greenhouse effect in the process of building construction projects. The foundation is one of the most important parts of construction that serves to hold the load and as a load distributor from the construction above the ground. In foundation work using reinforced concrete structures, reinforced concrete structures are a source of carbon emissions in construction projects. This study aims to find out how much carbon emissions are produced in the drilled pile work at the GBK Multifunctional Indoor Stadium project and which element produces the largest carbon emissions. The results of this study are carbon emissions produced by one bore pile with a diameter of 800 mm of 6553,78 kg.CO2 and the work of the bore pile, which produces the greatest carbon emissions, is material consumption of 6134.40 kg, CO2.
BIOPLASTIC FROM TAPIOCA STARCH WASTE AND RICE WASTE
Authors: Widyastuti Sri , Utomo Yitno , Firdayanti Annisa , Ratnawati Rhenny , Solikah Umi 
Published: March 2024

Bioplastic is a plastic that is easily decomposed naturally by the activity of microorganisms without leaving toxic residues because of its that can return to nature. Aim: This study aim to examine the quality of bioplastics from variations of tapioca starch and rice waste raw materials for optimal composition. Methodology and Results: The method used is by mixing the raw material of tapioca starch waste and rice waste with variations in the composition of the material; 100% rice waste, 100% tapioca starch waste, 30% tapioca starch waste: 70% rice waste, 50% tapioca starch waste: 50% rice waste, 70% tapioca starch waste: 30% rice waste. Add 10 mL of glycerol, 30 mL of distilled water, 40 mL of acetate solvent, and 40 ml of 96% ethanol. The product will be tested on a laboratory scale for tensile strength, elongation at break, FTIR tests, and biodegradation according to SNI 7188.7:2016 for the bioplastic category that is easily biodegradable. The result shows that the optimal composition was found in the composition of 100% rice waste raw material with the quality of the tensile strength test results of 3,45 MPa, the value of elongation at break 3,8%, and the value of biodegradation 100%. The resulting bioplastics contain functional groups O-H (hydroxyl) bonded to hydrogen, C-H (alkanes), C≡C (alkynes), esters, simple aromatic compounds, C-O (carboxyl), C=C (alkenes), and hydrocarbons -(CH2)n. Conclusion, significance, and impact of study: The use of starch to produce biodegradable materials is because it is environmentally friendly, easily degraded, available in large quantities, and affordable, moreover, the bioplastics derived from these waste sources are typically biodegradable, meaning they can break down into natural compounds under certain conditions, reducing environmental pollution.
Imam Ahmad (may Allah have Mercy on him) and his Approach to the Musnad
Authors: Ahmed Mawlud , Balisani Hemin 
Published: March 2024

The subject of this research was the approach of Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal in his Musnad,. I studied what is related to the method of Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal in his Musnad, which is his method in collecting hadiths, and his method in arranging the musnad and narrating the hadith from his sheikhs.
In the current research, I relied on the analytical and inductive method, which is an approach that relies on research and review of the scholars’ texts, writings, and opinions about it.
In collecting the texts, I was keen to rely on the original sources from among the sources and references related to the subject, from the books of hadiths and what is related to the approach of Imam Ahmad in his upbringing, his scientific journeys, and the classification of Musnad writing.
After completing writing this modest research, I reached the following points:
Imam Ahmad’s approach in his Musnad has arranged the hadiths in his Musnad according to the order of the Companions with several considerations, including priority such as the ten promised people of Paradise, precedence in Islam, relative nobility, and so on at the end of the chapter.
The text contains several chaises of narration in various places in the narrations of the author of the chapter.
I mentioned the scholars’ praise of the Musnad because the Musnad collected many hadiths in it and were selected from among seven hundred hadiths. They mentioned that the Musnad was an alternative to the six books, and he memorized a thousand hadiths, as some scholars mentioned.
The number of companions who have chaise the transmission in the Musnad reached (904) companions. In the Musnad, some companions with different companionships have narrations about it.

The number of companions with different companionships in Al-Musnad reached (56) companions. Some of the Companions share the Musnad of Imam Ahmad with the six books.
Interpretive Narrations in the Book of Al-Muntaqa by Ibn Al-Jaroud (307 AH) (A Jurisprudential Interpretive Study): Surah Al-Fatihah as an Example
Authors: Ahmed Sumaya , Suwaidan Majed 
Published: March 2024

Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, and the best blessings and peace be upon our master and beloved, the best of messengers, and upon his family and companions, peace and blessings be upon him.
The subject of this thesis is entitled: (Interpretive Narrations in the Book of Al-Muntaqa by Ibn Al-Jaroud (307 AH), a Jurisprudential Interpretive Study), which I submitted to obtain a doctorate degree in the Department of Qur’anic Sciences and Islamic Education, College of Education for the Humanities, University of Anbar, where the number of exegetical narrations reached (305), (a narration, and each narration included an issue, or several issues, whether interpretive or jurisprudential, as my study was to collect interpretive narrations and extract them from hadith books. Then, the interpretation of this narration is presented, and then the jurisprudential ruling that I dealt with was mentioned by presenting the sayings of the jurists, their evidence, and explaining the most correct opinion.

In order for the reader to find it clear what Allah the Almighty means from the noble verses mentioned in the narration, and to reach an understanding of the meanings and legal rulings intended therein
Adding Insect Flour to Foodstuffs : A Comparative Jurisprudential Study
Authors: Abdullah Muhammad , Khalaf Muhammad 
Published: March 2024

My research, entitled: (Adding insect flour to foodstuffs - a comparative jurisprudential study), is one of the emerging topics at the present time, as the use of insect flour and its addition to food materials has recently appeared. The European Union has approved new laws that allow the use of these insects as food for people of the Union countries.
The research included an introduction, a preface, two topics, a conclusion and results. As for the introduction, it includes the importance of the topic, the reason for choosing the topic and its purposes. It included also, how to add insect flour, its types, and the countries that do this.
As for the first requirement: it included the legal ruling on eating insects. As for the second requirement: it included the legal ruling on adding insect flour to foodstuffs.

The study comes finally with the most important findings and recommendations.