bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Peripheral artery disease recognition, diagnosis, and management in general practice in the Republic of Ireland and England: an online survey
Authors: Konya Judit , McDonagh Sinead TJ , Hayes Peter , Debus Sebastian , Aboyans Victor , Clark Christopher E ,   for the EuroPAD investigators
Published: March 2024

Background
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is common and associated with future cardiovascular events. PAD is underdiagnosed, which limits opportunities to address secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. It is unknown how closely guidelines for detection of PAD are followed in primary care.

Aim
To survey GPs’ attitudes to diagnosis and follow-up of patients with PAD.

Design & setting
Online survey of GPs in England and the Republic of Ireland (RoI).

Method
GPs’ approaches to management of PAD were assessed using likelihood ratings (scales of 0–10) and discrete questions. Findings were summarised as proportions, or median and interquartile ranges (IQR).

Results
In total, 111 responses were analysed; 68 (61%) from England and 43 (39%) from the RoI. Considering a hypothetical patient at risk of PAD, likelihood of GPs enquiring about PAD symptoms (leg pains: 3/10 or erectile dysfunction: 2/10) was low. GPs in the RoI compared with GPs in England more often examined the heart (10/10 versus 7/10) or carotid vessels (5/10 versus 1/10). Lower limb pulses were palpated in response to symptoms or signs of PAD. In England 25% of practitioners, and in the RoI 55% of practitioners, reported that they do not measure ankle-brachial index (ABI).

Conclusion
Currently, detection of PAD is generally triggered by ‘classical’ leg claudication symptoms, while known vascular risk factors appear to elicit little consideration. ABI measurement is not performed by many practitioners, suggesting that a proportion of vascular referrals must be based on history and examination findings alone. Opportunities to recognise PAD are missed.
Avaliação da qualidade do sono de estudantes de medicina do Centro Universitário UNIFACIG por meio do índice de qualidade do sono de Pittsburgh (PSQUI)
Authors: Marques Kétlyn Miranda , Rocha Júlia Saraiva , De Almeida Natália Rocha , Oliveira Cíntia Closs , Miranda Lohany Horsts Stock , Da Silva Juliana Santiago 
Published: March 2024

O sono ideal é marcado por vários estágios e pode contribuir com a fixação da memória, processos imunológicos e hormonais. Nesse sentido, entende-se que noites mal dormidas podem ter efeitos negativos, prejudicando o desempenho de algumas funções. O objetivo da pesquisa é avaliar a percepção subjetiva da qualidade do sono dos estudantes do curso de Medicina por meio do Índice de Qualidade do Sono de Pittsburgh (PSQUI). Trata-se de um estudo analítico transversal envolvendo estudantes de Medicina de todos os períodos do Centro Universitário da cidade de Manhuaçu (MG) que foram convidados para responder um questionário online relativo ao PSQUI. Dos 92 alunos estudados, 77,17% apresentaram padrão de sono ao final do PSQUI com distúrbio ou ruim, esses parâmetros se mostraram mais elevados no sexo feminino, na faixa etária de 18 a 24 anos e durante o ciclo básico. Não houve interferência significativa da prática de exercício físico e alimentação no padrão de sono. Quanto aos componentes do PSQUI: não se obteve alterações significativas na latência, eficiência, percepção subjetiva da qualidade do sono e no uso de medicações para dormir. Em relação a duração do sono, somente 28,26% dormiam mais de 7 horas por noite, 91,30% apresentaram disfunção diurna e 95, 65% apresentaram algum tipo de distúrbio relacionado ao sono. Portanto, fazem-se necessárias medidas de promoção à saúde que visem o bem estar físico e mental dos estudantes contribuindo, assim, para uma melhor qualidade do sono.
Competencias digitales en estudiantes universitarios de la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la UNLP. Análisis y desarrollo.
Authors: Nóbile Cecilia , Odriozola Julieta 
Published: March 2024

El planteo del problema se centra en la necesidad de abordar las competencias digitales en estudiantes universitarios en un mundo digital y globalizado. Se destaca que la educación debe adaptarse a este entorno y preparar a los estudiantes para la sociedad del conocimiento. La investigación se realiza en la Facultad de Ciencias Económicas de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) y busca responder preguntas sobre el nivel de competencias digitales de los estudiantes, cómo las desarrollan y cómo la universidad puede contribuir a su desarrollo.
La propuesta metodológica incluye un diagnóstico inicial a través de encuestas y grupos focales, seguido de la implementación de estrategias de desarrollo de competencias digitales. Se basa en el concepto de competencias digitales, que abarcan aspectos tecnológicos, informacionales y actitudinales. La investigación utiliza el marco DigComp de la Comisión Europea para evaluar las competencias digitales de los estudiantes.
Si bien no se presentan resultados concretos, se anticipa que la investigación permitirá diseñar intervenciones efectivas para mejorar las competencias digitales de los estudiantes universitarios en la FCE UNLP.
Korelasi Antar Karakter Pertumbuhan dan Hasil lima Genotipe Jagung Manis (Zea mays L.var saccharata)
Authors: Sari Rahayu Eka , Hafsah Siti 
Published: March 2024

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the correlation of growth and yields from five varieties of sweetcorn that is Bonanza, Secada, Royal Sweet, Sweetboy and Manise. The study was carried out in Cot Irie Village, Aceh Besar Regency, from August to November 2017 and using a non-factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD). Each variety replicated 4 times in 20 experimental plots with 20 plants in each plots so obtained 400 experimental plants. Data were analyzed by using F test and the significant differences were compared using Lowest Small Different test at probability 5 % ( LSD 0,05 ). The results of research shows differences in growth caracters, yields and correlation in observed variables. The significant positive correlation is on diameter of stem, number of corncobs, corncobs length, and diameter of corncobs.Keywords: sweetcorn, varieties, corellation, growth and yields.
UPAYA MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MATERI FUNGSI KUADRAT MELALUI METODE DEMONSTRASI SISWA SMPN 1 TARAKAN
Authors: Yanti Yuni Dwi 
Published: March 2024

Tujuan PTK untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik melalui metode pembelajaran demonstrasi. Subjek penelitian yaitu peningkatan hasil belajar melalui metode pembelajaran demonstrasi. Kelas yang digunakan kelas IX.8 SMP Negeri 1 Tarakan berjumlah 32 orang, 17 laki–laki dan 15 perempuan. Pengumpulan data dalam penelitian dilakukan melalui observasi, dan dokumentasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan dua siklus, setiap siklus tiga pertemuan, agar dapat diketahui dengan pasti peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik. Hasil penelitian membuktikan, metode pembelajaran demonstrasi dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik, dibuktikan dengan peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik disetiap aspek pengamatan, tindakan dan tes akhir pembelajaran sehingga mengalami peningkatkan hasil belajar disetiap siklus. Untuk hasil belajar peserta didik pada siklus I menunjukan peningkatan 45,2% sedangkan pada siklus keII meningkat menjadi 87,1% dengan rata-rata nilai siklus I sebesar 66,1 meningkat menjadi 82,7 pada siklus II dan hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian telah tercapai bahkan melebihi KKM yang ditetapkan walaupun masih terdapat 2 peserta didik atau 6,2% belum tuntas akan diberikan remedial tersendiri dalam waktu yang berbeda sehingga semua peserta didik tuntas. Dengan demikian, metode pembelajaran demonstrasi dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik, disarankan kepada guru untuk mempersiapkan metode pembelajaran yang sesuai untuk mendukung terlaksanannya pembelajaran, yang menarik sesuai kebutuhan peserta didik.
Peculiarities of Skin Wound healing Under Ischemic Conditions With Topical Treatment Using a Combination of Benzalkonium Chloride and Dexpanthenol
Authors: Terekhov A. G. , Mishina E. S. , Klyueva E. G. , Bukanova P. A. , Khojiev D. Ya. , Grigoryan A. Yu. 
Published: March 2024

Objective: To study peculiarities of skin wound healing under ischemic conditions with topical treatment using a combination of benzalkonium chloride and dexpanthenol.Materials and methods: We conducted an experiment on a rat model of skin wound healing under ischemic conditions. Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups, with 30 rats in each group. Group 1 received no treatment; group 2 was treated with the Levomecol ointment; group 3 and group 4 were treated with benzalkonium chloride immobilized based on the carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt and a combination of benzalkonium chloride and dexpanthenol immobilized based on the carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt, respectively. We used planimetric and biochemical (alkaline phosphatase [ALP] level) methods, measured the pH of the wound surface and wound bed temperature, determined the hydroxyproline concentration in the wound defect tissues, and performed statistical processing of the data.Results: Group 4 had the largest percentage of wound surface area reduction and pH values. Thermometry on day 10 showed a decrease in wound temperature in groups 2 and 4, whereas groups 1 and 3 demonstrated maximum values. By the end of the experiment, group 4 had the maximum hydroxyproline concentration that was significantly higher than the amino acid content in groups 1, 2, and 3: 1.2, 1.1 and 1.1 times higher, respectively. Maximum ALP levels were observed on day 5 in group 4, whereas in groups 2 and 3 they were observed on day 8 and only on day 10 in group 1.Conclusions: Skin wound healing under ischemic conditions was faster in the group in which topical treatment involved a combination developed by us: benzalkonium chloride and dexpanthenol immobilized based on the carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt.
A Case of Posterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm Combined With an Atypical Origin of the Ipsilateral Ophthalmic Artery
Authors: Litvinenko D. V. , Gerasyuta A. E. , Sever I. N. , Zyablova E. I. , Trofimova T. N. , Tkachev V. V. 
Published: March 2024

Objective: Anatomy of the ophthalmic artery (OA) is of great practical importance in surgery for anterior circulation aneurysms. In most cases, the OA arises from the supraclinoid segment of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and enters the orbit through the optic canal inferolaterally to the optic nerve. The OA arising from the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and entering the optic canal above the optic nerve is extremely rare.Clinical case: We report a case of a 29-year-old female patient admitted to Scientific Research Institute – Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 (Krasnodar, Russian Federation) with a ruptured true aneurysm of the left posterior communicating artery (PCoA) and an abnormal origin of the OA from the ACA. The disease manifested itself as ischemic stroke in the basal ganglia on the left causing diagnostic difficulties during initial hospitalization. Cerebral angiography confirmed a PCoA aneurysm and origin of the OA from the ipsilateral ACA. During surgery the neck of the aneurysm was clipped, and the aneurysm dome was opened to control the extent of clipping and remove thrombotic masses. During their removal, hemorrhage appeared from the posterior pole of the aneurysm. During the exploration it was found that the aneurysm was a dilated PCoA connecting the right ICA with the right posterior cerebral artery (PCA). A thrombosed anterior thalamoperforating artery emerged from the superior surface of the dome, and its junction with the precommunicating segment of the right PCA was detected in the region of the posterior pole of the aneurysm. The second clip was placed at the communication site between the aneurysm and the right PCA. The patient was discharged in satisfactory condition with a stable neurological status.Conclusions: The combination of abnormal anatomy of arteries at the base of the brain and cerebral aneurysms increases the risk of tactical errors and perioperative complications. Each such case requires a careful comparison of the clinical, imaging, and intraoperative findings. In the presented case of the patient with the ruptured rare PCoA aneurysm, the disease manifested atypically due to the partial thrombosis of the aneurysm and hemorrhage into the aneurysmal wall. The imaging findings revealed lacunar stroke in the thalamoperforating artery basin and an ICA aneurysm with no signs of subarachnoid hemorrhage. During the surgery the aneurysm was initially regarded as typical saccular. The opening of the dome and removal of all thrombotic masses made it possible to determine the eccentric fusiform nature of the aneurysm, perform its radical exclusion, and prevent fatal hemorrhage in the postoperative period.
Subdural hygromas After Decompressive Craniotomies
Authors: Shnyakin P. G. , Botov A. V. , Rudenko P. G. , Loseva A. S. 
Published: March 2024

Subdural hygromas occur after various brain interventions, are often asymptomatic but sometimes may require surgical treatment. They can develop in the immediate postoperative period, but they are more common a few weeks or even months after surgery. Subdural hygromas are particularly common after decompressive craniotomy in patients with traumatic brain injury or massive stroke. The pathogenesis is explained by the fact that a large bone defect causes a pressure difference in the skull, and a concomitant displacement of the ventricular system disrupts the normal cerebrospinal fluid circulation, contributing to the redistribution of cerebrospinal fluid flow into the subdural space.We review data from contemporary studies on subdural hygromas after decompressive craniotomy, their risk factors, and management strategies. We also present our case of recurrent subdural hygroma in a patient operated on for a ruptured aneurysm of the middle cerebral artery.
Conservative Treatment Options to Prevent and Manage Pelvic Floor Dysfunction in Women
Authors: Los M. S. , Ukgarskiy A. V. 
Published: March 2024

Background: Pelvic floor dysfunction is a widespread, multifactorial disease that progresses slowly with age and occurs in 77% of postmenopausal women.Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of conservative treatment of pelvic floor dysfunction in women and the possibility of preventing pelvic organ prolapse.Materials and methods: We analyzed literature data (PubMed, eLibrary, Scopus) on treatment and prevention of pelvic floor dysfunction in women using various conservative treatment options.Results: The conservative approach is the only preventive measure and a first-line treatment of pelvic organ prolapse, especially at the disease onset. It involves lifestyle changes, physical therapy, and pessary insertion. Physical therapy includes pelvic floor muscle training with or without biofeedback, vaginal cones, electrical stimulation, etc.Conclusions: Despite the large number of available conservative treatment options, their effectiveness should be further studied, and preventive measures aimed at strengthening pelvic floor muscles should be actively promoted and included in the routine medical use and daily life of women to prevent pelvic organ prolapse.
Pulmonary Sequelae of COVID-19 in Patients With Lung Damage Over 75% (CT-4)
Authors: Komissarova K. V. , Godzenko A. V. , Doroshenko D. A. , Gordeev I. G. , Averkov O. V. , Vechorko V. I. 
Published: March 2024

Introduction:A number of studies uses severity of lung damage as a predictor of lung changes in the long-term period.Objective:To evaluate computed tomography (CT) findings in the long-term period after extremely severe lung damage (CT-4) caused by COVID-19 during different pandemic waves and compare those with clinical data.Materials and methods:The study included 51 patients (51.0% of them were women; age, 57 ± 12 years [95% CI, 53-60]) that were treated for COVID-19 with lung damage (CT-4) in O.M. Filatov City Clinical Hospital No. 15 (Moscow, Russian Federation) and gave their consent for examination after discharge. The patients underwent chest CT and dyspnea assessment (Medical Research Council [MRC] dyspnea scale) in the long-term period and were grouped based on the pandemic wave and dyspnea grade. Twelve patients from the first pandemic wave were examined 12.5 months after discharge; 13 patients from the second pandemic wave were examined in 6.5 months, and 26 patients from the third pandemic wave were examined in 8 months. The group with MRC dyspnea grade 0 included 19 patients, whereas 32 patients comprised the group with MRC dyspnea grades 1 and 2.Results:CT revealed changes in 50 (98.0%) of the examined patients, with fibrotic-like changes (88.2%), areas of consolidation (47.1%), and ground-glass opacity (13.7%) being the most common findings. All 3 patterns were equally common, regardless of the pandemic wave. No dyspnea higher than MRC grade 2 was observed. Fibrotic-like changes were found in 100.0% of the patients with MRC dyspnea grades 1 and 2, whereas they were detected only in 68.4% of the patients with MRC dyspnea grade 0,P= .002. The multivariate analysis showed that fibrotic-like changes were the only factor associated with dyspnea higher than grade 0.Conclusions:After extremely severe lung damage (CT-4) CT changes were present in almost all the patients. The study results highlight clinical significance of these changes and demonstrate the rehabilitation potential of this group.
Prevention of Perioperative Bleeding in Patients With Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia
Authors: Maximkin D. A. , Khalabuzar V. A. , Shugushev Z. Kh. , Chepurnoy A. G. , Faybushevich A. G. , Gitelzon E. A. 
Published: March 2024

Materials and methods: At stage I, we retrospectively studied histories and outpatient medical records of 766 patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (from 2006 to 2020) to identify hemorrhagic complications and potential risk factors for their development. We analyzed the effectiveness of different scores for assessment of the bleeding risk. Based on the obtained data, measures to prevent hemorrhagic complications in this cohort of patients were improved. During stage II, 114 patients with 1 or several risk factors for major bleeding underwent surgery between 2021 and 2023. We used the proposed and improved preventive measures for all the patients. Follow-up periods were during the hospital stay and in 6 and 12 months.Results: At stage I, 44 (5.74%) patients were found to have hemorrhagic complications in the early postoperative period: retroperitoneal hematoma, bleeding from an operating wound, and pulsating hematoma (15.9%); gastrointestinal hemorrhage (31.8%); gross hematuria (13.7%), and hemorrhagic stroke (6.8%). The most significant risk factors for bleeding were endovascular intervention using brachial and femoral approaches (P = .000), hybrid intervention (P = .000), dual antiplatelet therapy (P = .014), surgery duration above 60 minutes (P = .001), triple antithrombotic therapy (P = .001), and significant vascular calcification (P = .023). The PRECISE-DAPT score has proven to be of prognostic value (P = .073; odds ratio, 2.88). At stage II, due to the proposed preventive measures, bleeding that required blood transfusion was found in 5 (4.38%) of 114 patients: of them, 1 (0.9%) patient had acute coronary syndrome. There were no major amputations, whereas 3 (2.63%) patients underwent minor amputation. In 6 and 12 months of the follow-up, the total frequency of major cardiovascular complications (cardiac death, myocardial infarction), major and minor amputation was 0.9% and 2.6%, 0% and 1.75%, and 0.9% and 2.6%, respectively.Conclusions: Surgical treatment of patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia and risk factors for hemorrhagic complications who underwent surgery with the proposed preventive measures demonstrated high efficiency in reducing the number of hemorrhages and associated cardiac complications and low frequency of major and minor amputations in the long-term follow-up.
Investigating the Translation Strategies that English Language Students' Utilized in Translation Diverse Topics
Authors: Habeeb Luwaytha Salah , Jameel Ali Sabah 
Published: March 2024

Objectives: By analyzing students' translations, instructors teaching translation can acquire insight into the most common concerns, challenges, and strategies regarding various subjects. This study aims to uncover the methods and techniques students use to translate journalistic, literary, and political materials and the differences in translation strategies used by male and female students.
Methods: Twenty-seven male and female 4th-grade students from the Department of English, Colleges of Basic Education, University of Kirkuk participated. The research will be carried out during the first semester of the academic year 2022-2023. A test was used to collect the data. The test consisted of three questions, all of which were texts: journalistic, literary, and political.
Results: The results reveal that students adopt low-accuracy translation procedures. Students use the trans-position method more than other translation procedures when translating a journalistic text. Regarding the literary text, the results show that students preferred the adaptation technique above the different translation strategies. Finally, the Political text was translated using a borrowing and adaption technique. Furthermore, the findings demonstrated that female EFL students used more accurate and precise translation procedures than male students.
Conclusion: Translation strategies must be thoroughly taught to EFL students. They must be knowledgeable about translation theories and strategies and the types of texts they may be exposed to. They must also be taught the purpose of employing a specific translation technique. It is essential to note that the borrowing strategy should be used with caution, as it can lead to linguistic interference and can sometimes be confusing for native speakers of the target language.
The Political Situation of Badaun during the Mamluk Era (602-689 AH / 1206-1290 AD)
Authors: Abbas Israa Bassim Mohammed , Khalil Fawaz Zuhlif Jazzae 
Published: March 2024

Objectives: This study aims to shed light on the political situation of the city of Badaun: the extent of its connection with the capital Delhi, the number of rulers who governed it during the Mamluk era (602-689 AH/1206-1290 AD), and its most prominent governors, especially those who later became sultans.
Methods: Relying on Arabic, Persian, Urdu, and English sources and references, the study adopts the historical approach. It is divided into three sections. The first provides background information on the location of Badaun, while the second focuses on the Islamic conquest of Badaun during the Ghurid era (543-612 AH/1148-1215 AD). The third section tackles the political situation of Badaun during the Mamluk era (602-689 AH/1206-1290 AD).
Results: Due to its significance, the city was strongly connected with the capital Delhi. Badaun was ruled by no less than fourteen governors, the first of whom is Qutbuddin Aibak and the last King Baqbak Sargandar. Not only were its rulers considered among the most important governors of India, they were so respected and valued by the sultans of Delhi that some of them became sultans.
Conclusions: Badaun was considered one of the most important fiefdoms, allocated to powerful rulers in the first half of the seventh century AH / thirteenth century AD. Its most prominent governors include Qutbuddin Aibak (the founder of the Mamluk Sultanate), Shams al-Din al-Tamash, Rukn al-Din Firuz Shah, and Ghiyath al-Din Balban, all of whom who assumed the throne of the Sultanate of Delhi.