bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Emission Spectra Obtained by Low Energy Electron Bombardment of Methane and Chlorinated Methanes
Authors: Ogawa Teiichiro , Fujita Iwao , Hatada Motoyoshi , Hirota Kozo 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Spectroscopic studies of a molecular beam bombarded by a low energy electron beam were carried out for several simple organic molecules. The collision chamber resembled the ionization chamber of a mass spectrometer, and the electrons were accelerated at about 270 V. The spectrum of methane showed lines of excited hydrogen atoms and bands of excited CH radicals. The spectra of chlorinated methanes showed lines of excited chlorine atoms and bands of excited hydrogen chloride positive ions (HCl+*) in addition. Even the spectrum of a mixture of methane and carbon tetrachloride revealed bands of HCl+*. Dependence of emission intensities on target currents and gas pressures indicated the origin of the excited hydrogen atoms and CH radicals to come from direct fragmentation and the excited HCl+ ions from a bimolecular process.
Rapid Extraction of Antimony with Tributyl Phosphate. Direct Photometric Determination with Brilliant Green
Authors: Yadav A A , Khopkar S M 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A new method is developed for the rapid extraction and direct photometric determination of antimony. With 20% TBP-toluene 3 to 15 μg of antimony is extracted from 2m hydrochloric acid containing 1 m magnesium chloride. From the organic phase, antimony is directly determined photometrically at 640 nm as its complex with brilliant green. Antimony can be selectively extracted in the presence of a large number of cations and anions. The total operation requires only 20 min.
Syntheses and Properties of Copper(II), Nickel(II), and Cobalt(II) Complexes of Alkylthioglycolic Acids
Authors: Ouchi Akira , Takeuchi Toshio , Ohashi Yayoi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Copper(II), nickel(II), and cobalt(II) complexes of alkylthioglycolic acids, R·S·CH2COOH (where R=ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, and s-butyl), were synthesized. Except for some copper complexes, these are new compounds. The attempt to synthesize the solid zinc complexes by the same method has not yet been successful. The relative stabilities of these complexes in the solid state seem to be Zn(II)&lt;Co(II), Ni(II)&lt;Cu(II), considering the yield of the syntheses of the products as well as the solvolizing tendency of the complexes. The nickel and cobalt complexes are expected to be in an octahedral form from the magnetic moments as well as from their electronic spectra. The relation between Taft’s substitution constants and the wave numbers of the maxima of the absorption spectra of these complexes in the solid state is not clear.
Studies on Cobaloxime Compounds. II. Catalytic Activity of Cobaloximes in the Hydrogen Peroxide Decomposition Reaction
Authors: Hohokabe Yorikatsu , Yamazaki Noboru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Various cobaloximes with the general formula [CoX(DH)2B] (X: Cl, CN, OH, or CH3. DH: Dimethylglyoximato monoanion. B: Bases such as water, nicotinamide, pyridine, imidazole, or a low molecular weight copolymer of acrylamide and 4-vinylpyridine, etc.) were examined for catalytic activity in the H2O2 decomposition reaction. Cyanocobaloximes have less activities than other cobaloximes. The effect of changing the axial bases of cobaloximes was found to be small. When methylcobaloxime was used as a catalyst, the lag time was observed in the dark, while with the irradiation of visible light the reaction proceeded without induction period. An extensive study on chloroaquocobaloxime revealed that the rate is proportional both to the concentration of H2O2 and to the concentration of cobaloxime and inversely proportional to [H+]. It was found that the decomposition of H2O2 with cobaloximes proceeds with a gradual and partial degradation of cobaloximes.
γ-Induced Addition of Trialkyltin Hydrides to Unsaturated Esters
Authors: Tsurugi Jitsuo , Iida Masaru , Nakao Ren , Fukumoto Tsugio , Murata Niro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
γ-Induced hydrostannation of ethyl acrylate, allyl acetate, and vinyl acetate with triethyltin and tri-n-butyltin hydrides was attempted. The hydrostannation of ethyl acrylate and allyl acetate gave the corresponding adducts in almost quantitative yield. (2-Acetoxyethyl)-tri-n-butyltin expected from hydrostannation of vinyl acetate with tri-n-butyltin hydride could not be isolated. However, NMR and IR spectra indicated the formation of the adduct, which was found to decompose into ethylene and tri-n-butyltin acetate. The decomposition of the adduct was discussed in comparison with other adducts.
Biogenesis of the Essential Oils in Camphor Trees. XXVIII. On the Components of the Essential Oil of Cinnamomum japonicum Sieb.
Authors: Fujita Yasuji , Fujita Shin-ichi , Yoshikawa Hisashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Cinnamomum japonicum Sieb. is sometimes divided into several varieties on the basis of morphological differences in the leaves. The essential oils of samples of this plant from various parts in Japan were examined from the viewpoint of chemotaxonomy. The results obtained from the materials gathered at Mt. Satsuki, Ikeda-shi, Osaka Prefecture, will be reported here first. The characteristics of the oil of the leaves and branchlets are the abundant presence of 1,8-cineole and p-cymene. The rich existence of linalool in the branchlet oil may also be a characteristic of this plant.
Studies on Cobaloxime Compounds. III. Effects of Various Cobaloximes as Vitamin B12 Models and of Substrate Analogs on Diol Dehydratase System
Authors: Hohokabe Yorikatsu , Yamazaki Noboru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Various types of cobaloximes with the general formula [CoX(DH)2B] or [RCo(DH)2B] (X: CI, CN. R: alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, or i-propyl. DH: dimethylglyoximato monoanion. B: bases such as water, pyridine, nicotinamide, γ-picoline, p-toluidine, or imidazole) and some amide compounds were examined for the inhibitory effect or coenzyme activity in propanediol dehydratase of Aerobacter aerogenes. None of them act as coenzyme nor inhibitor, except for cyanoaquocobaloxime, which shows only a weak inhibitory effect that has been proved to be non-competitive. Water-soluble polymeric cobaloximes with the general formula [Co(OH) (DH)2(Copoly–AM-VPy)] (Copoly–AM-VPy: a low molecular weight copolymer of acrylamide and 4-vinylpyridine) were also prepared and examined in the enzymatic system whose inhibitory effects were very small. Other cobaloximes with the general formula [RCo(DH)2(py)] (R: β-hydroxy-n-propyl, β-hydroxy-i-propyl, or β,γ-dihydroxy-n-propyl. py: pyridine) which were three of the possible intermediate models in propanediol dehydratase system, also showed little effect on the enzymatic reaction. Substrate anologs such as 2-bromo-1-propanol, 1-bromo-2-propanol, and glycerol α-monochlorohydrin, which are considered to interact with a nucleophilic Co(I) species, presumably a component of the active site in the holoenzyme, were found to serve as substrate.
The Reaction of α-Carbonyl Sulfides with Bases. II. The Effect of Variation in the Nucleophiles
Authors: Oki Michinori , Funakoshi Wataru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The reactions of α-alkylthio ketones with various nucleophiles were examined. It was found that such “strong bases” as ethoxide did not cause any cleavage of the C–S bond, whereas such “weak bases” as thiourea could cause the cleavage. The phenomena may be explained by the concept of soft-and-hard acids and bases. Discussions are given of some reactions of the nucleophilic attack on sulfur, which have previously been reported, in the light of this new reaction.
Group Interactions in Polyelectrolytes. V. The Kinetics of the Amination of Chloromethylated Polystyrene with 2-Aminobutanol
Authors: Kawabe Hiroshi , Yanagita Masaya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The amination of chloromethylated polystyrene with 2-aminobutanol in dioxane was studied. The apparent rate constatns, kapp, as computed by the simple second-order equation, were found to increase linearly with the degree of amination; this was in contrast with the amination with n-butylamine, in which the kapp decreased as the amination proceeded. By assuming that the reactivity of the chloromethyl group is enhanced when it is situated next to the already-aminated group as a result of the “hydrophilic effect” of the hydroxyl group, rate equations which give the elementary rate constants were derived. In the presence of a large excess of amine, the over-all kinetics can be expressed by:
dx⁄dt=[ab⁄(3k1−k2)][3k1(k1−k2)e−3k1at+2k1k2e−k2at]
where x is the concentration of chloride ions at time t; where a is the initial concentration of amine, and b, that of the chloromethyl group, and where k1 and k2 are the rate constants of the elementary reactions which are independent of the neighboring group and under the influence of it respectively. The values of kapp calculated on the basis of k1 and k2 were also found to agree with the observed values.
Electronic Spectra and Electrical Resistivities of the Molecular Complexes of Benzidine and Its Derivatives
Authors: Matsunaga Yoshio , Saito Gunzi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The electronic structures of about sixty polycrystalline molecular complexes of benzidine and its derivatives have been examined on the basis of the vibrational and electronic spectra. The complexes show a strong tendency to be non-ionic, in spite of the low ionization potentials of the electron donors. Several non-ionic complexes exhibiting resistivities of the order of 103–105 ohm cm have been found. The optical and electrical properties of the complexes consisting of donor molecules with amino groups and of acceptor molecules with carbonyl groups are distinctly different from those of the others. The first charge-transfer absorption band of the solid complex in the former group appears at an energy considerably lower than that of the corresponding complex in chloroform. Moreover, the activation energy for semiconduction seems to be appreciably reduced by the formation of a hydrogen bond.
Preparation and Properties of N,N-Dialkylethylenediamine N-Oxide Complexes of Nickel(II), Copper(II), and Cobalt(III)
Authors: Kida Sigeo , Oniki Takayuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The complexes of Ni(II), Cu(II), and Co(III) with N,N-Dialkylethylenediamine (alkyl=CH3, C2H5, and C3H7) have been prepared. It was revealed that these ligands coordinate to metal ions as bidentate ligands with amino and tertiary amine oxide groups. Two forms have been obtained for the 1 : 2 nickel(II) complexes, the hydrated green form with μeff=3.3 and the anhydrous red or reddish brown form with zero or very low magnetic moment. They are easily convertible into each other. Formation of square planar diamagnetic Ni(II) complexes with ionic-type ligand was interpreted in terms of the steric effect of the alkyl groups.
The Synthesis and Properties of trans-[CrCl2(NH3)4]Cl·H2O
Authors: Nagase Kenzo , Tanaka Nobuyuki 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
A simple method for the synthesis of trans-dichlorotetraamminechromium(III) chloride monohydrate was developed, and the configuration of the complex obtained was confirmed by measurements of the infrared and visible absorption spectra. It was found that the cis-trans isomerization took place in the solid state upon the thermal treatment of the complex at 200°C. The enthalpy change for the reaction was calculated to be 1.2 kcal·mol−1 by an analysis of the DSC curve.
The Photochemical Decomposition of Ethylamine as Studied by Means of the Electron Spin Resonance
Authors: Kotake Yashige , Ono Mitsuo , Kuwata Keiji 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The photochemical decomposition of ethylamine at low temperatures was studied using ultra-violet light of various wavelengths (120–400 nm), and the photochemical reactions were examined. The initial stage of the decomposition is the release of the hydrogen atom by far ultra-violet light. As the decomposition proceeds, the effective wavelengths for the succeeding reactions become longer. The final products of the decomposition are the methyl radical and other diamagnetic species. The effects of the matrix and the counter ion on the reaction are also discussed.
Thermochromisms of Some β-Diketone Chelate Copmlexes of Copper(II) in Pure Pyridine
Authors: Yokoi Hiroshi , Sai Mitsuru , Isobe Taro 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Two types of thermochromisms have been found for several β-diketone chelate complexes of copper(II) in pure pyridine or γ-picoline. One is observed for such complexes as bis(acetylacetonato)copper(II). In this case, the visible absorption spectra at various temperatures have well-defined isosbestic points; there are two different complex species, L and H, at equilibrium in the solvent, where L and H represent the low-temperature and high-temperature species respectively; they are different in the interaction between the complex and pyridine or γ-picoline molecules. The other is observed for such complexes as bis(salicylaldehydato)copper(II), where the spectral intensity increases remarkably with a rise in the temperature. The equilibrium for bis(acetylacetonato)copper(II) was studied over the temperature range of 0–60°C, and the results were used to derive the approximate thermodynamic parameters, ΔH=4.0±1.0 kcal/mol and ΔS=13±4 e.u., for the L→H change. The most probable structures for L and H were suggested from a spectrophotometrical point of view.
The Photochemical Degradation of Diphenyl Sulfone-1-14C
Authors: Nakai Mamoru , Furukawa Naomichi , Oae Shigeru , Nakabayashi Takeshige 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The photolysis of diphenyl sulfone-1-14C upon irradiation with 2537 Å light in benzene gave biphenyl-1-14C and benzenesulfinic acid-14C. The yields of both compounds were estimated by means of an isotope dilution method. The 14C activity of the sulfone recovered was equal to that of the sulfone employed, while that of biphenyl formed was found to have nearly one half of the 14C activity. These results reveal that the phenylation reaction by phenyl radical formed by the photolytic cleavage of the C–S bond of the sulfone is an intermolecular reaction in which benzenesulfonyl radical appears to abstract hydrogen from the intermediate cyclohexadienyl radical rather than attacking benzene. The 14C distribution indicates that the 14C activity at 1-position was found to remain at the same position of biphenyl after photolysis of the sulfone. Thus, the photolysis of diaryl sulfones in benzene followed by the oxidation of biphenyl derivatives obtained would be a convenient method for the degradation of diaryl sulfones.
Synthesis and Conformation of Cyclopropane Intermediates in the Total Synthesis of Illudin M and S
Authors: Matsumoto Takeshi , Shirahama Haruhisa , Ichihara Akitami , Shin Hyonsobb , Kagawa Shohei , Hisamitsu Toshiaki , Kamada Toshihiro , Sakan Fujio 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Several promising cyclopropane intermediates in the total synthesis of illudin M and S have been prepared. Survey of NMR of these compounds showed the conformation 17 to be unfavourable.
Acylation of Nδ-Benzyloxyornithine
Authors: Isowa Yoshikazu , Takashima Toshiyuki , Ohmori Muneki , Kurita Hideaki , Sato Masanari , Mori Kaoru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Acetylation of Nδ-benzyloxyornithine monohydrobromide (I·HBr) with acetic anhydride gave the Nδ-acetylated product, which yielded Nδ-acetyl-Nδ-hydroxyornithine by catalytic reduction. On the other hand, acetylation or alkoxycarbonylation of Nδ-benzyloxyornithine(I) proceeded through Nα-acetylation, followed by spontaneous cyclization to form lactams, which yielded cyclic hydroxamic acids on catalytic reduction. These hydroxamic acid and Nδ-acetyl-Nδ-hydroxyornithine were readily hydrolyzed to give Nδ-hydroxyornithine.
Synthesis of Rhodotorulic Acid
Authors: Isowa Yoshikazu , Takashima Toshiyuki , Ohmori Muneki , Kurita Hideaki , Sato Masanari , Mori Kaoru 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Rhodotorulic acid (I) was synthesized by a series of reaction starting from Nδ-tosyl-Nδ-benzyloxy-l-ornithine. Detosylation and acetylation of intermediate, cyclo-di-Nδ-tosyl-Nδ-benzyloxy-l-ornithyl (Ll-IX), afforded cyclo-di-Nδ-acetyl-Nδ-benzyloxy-l-ornithyl (Ll-XI), which, on reductive debenzylation, gave rhodotorulic acid.
Studies of Acyl and Thioacyl Isocyanates. VIII. Cycloaddition Reactions of Benzoyl and Thiobenzoyl Isocyanates with Carbodiimides
Authors: Tsuge Otohiko , Sakai Kazuko 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The investigations of cycloaddition reactions of benzoyl and thiobenzoyl isocyanates with carbodiimides have shown that the adducts formed from benzoyl isocyanates and N,N′-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide are the corresponding (4+2) cycloadducts, and not the (2+2) cycloadducts proposed by Neidlein. The reaction of isocyanates with N,N′-diphenylcarbodiimide at 0°C gave (2+2) cycloadducts, which were thermally isomerized into the corresponding (4+2) cycloadducts. Benzoyl isocyanates reacted with N-cyclohexyl-N′-phenylcarbodiimide to give (4+2) cycloadducts of isocyanates to the cyclohexyl-N=C bond in the carbodiimide. On treatment with neutral alumina, (4+2) cycloadducts were easily isomerized into 1,3,5-triazines. Thiobenzoyl isocyanate reacted with both the N=C bonds of the carbodiimide to afford two isomeric (4+2) cycloadducts. It has been found that benzoyl isocyanates reacted with N-phenyl-N′-o-tolylcarbodiimide to yield the corresponding (4+2) cycloadducts of isocyanates to the o-tolyl-N=C bond and/or the isomeric 1,3,5-oxadiazin-6-ones, depending on the nature of the substituent in the isocyanate. Reaction paths for the formation of the product are also discussed.
An Interstitial-Electron Model for the Structure of Metals and Alloys II. Electronic Structure of Metals of Groups I–V
Authors: Johnson Oliver 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The interstitial-electron model leads to metal structures which are instantaneous pictures of electron distribution written in terms of metal ion core charge Mn+ (n=valency) and numbers of electrons in octahedral or tetrahedral interstices. On the average there are \bare in all interstices, and the degree of electron localization is small in metals. Decisions as to electron occupancy of interstices are primarily based on considerations of \bare spin and of screening of \bare by ion cores, but electronic heat capacity, Hall coefficient and anisotropy in magnetic susceptibility are of use in making decisions on electron occupancy of interstices. For univalent metals there is little localization of \bare because of the large excess of vacant interstices. This is also true when interstices approach full occupancy by (\bare)2 as in M4+ and M5+. Among divalent and trivalent metals the preferential occupancy of interstices leads to considerable localization of \bare density for Be, Sc, Y, and Tl. This high degree of localization is a consequence of mutual polarization of ion cores and \bare; it accounts for the lattice distortion in these metals and leads to other unusual properties.
Spectral Shift of Band Origins in the Near Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of Some 2- and 3-Substituted Pyridines
Authors: Kastha G S , Bag S C 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The relative shifts in the position of band origin of the lowest singlet π-electron transition in some 2- and 3-substituted pyridines, and monosubstituted benzenes with similar substituents, with respect to those of the parent molecules have been calculated by the method of localized orbitals with configuration interaction. Under certain assumptions, the calculated relative shifts in the 2- and 3-substituted pyridines are found to bear a linear relationship with that of the corresponding monosubstituted benzenes. The experimental data are found to be in agreement with the theoretical expectation.
Polarography of Uranyl Complex with p-Aminothiophenoxyacetic Acid in Dimethyl Sulfoxide Solution
Authors: Lai Tsai-Teh , Yang Jan-Chin 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The polarography of uranyl ion in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was investigated in the DMSO concentration range 40–99 vol%. The complex species identified is UO2(DMSO)62+; it is transformed into UO2(DMSO)2+ and UO2+ after the electrode reduction. In the presence of p-aminothiophenoxyacetic acid, the uranyl ion in the DMSO medium produces a two-step wave at lower pH and higher concentration of DMSO. The limiting current of the wave is controlled partially by the kinetics of the preceding chemical reaction and partially by the diffusion of the complex. The rate constant and diffusion coefficient of the reduction process were determined. At pH around 4, the formation of binuclear uranyl complexes was confirmed.
Distribution Studies of the Potassium Salts with Hexanitrodiphenylamine and Analogous Acids
Authors: Iwachido Tadashi 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The association constants of potassium salts with 2,4,6,2′,4′,6′-hexanitrodiphenylamine (hexyl), N-(2,4,6-trinitrobenzo)-2,4-dinitro-l-naphthylamine (α-hexyl), and l,3,7,9-tetranitrophenothiazine-5-oxide (thiohexyl) in the nitrobenzene phase were determined conductometrically. The distribution constants and the association constants of these salts in an aqueous phase were determined simultaneously by means of solvent extraction. The dissociation constants in the aqueous phase and the distribution constants of the acids were estimated from an analysis of the curve obtained by plotting the distribution ratios of the metal or the acids against the pH. The results show that these salts exist mainly in the dissociated form in both phases. The applicability of the proposed distribution mechanism was also discussed.
Kinetic Studies of the Nickel Malate Complex Formation in Solution by the Pressure-jump Method
Authors: Harada Shoji , Amidaiji Katsuyoshi , Yasunaga Tatsuya 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
The nickel malate complex formation reaction in an aqueous solution, Ni2++Mal2−\oversetkf\undersetkd\ightleftharpoonsNiMal, where Mal2− represents the malate ion, was studied by the pressure-jump method. The following rate constants and the equilibrium constant were obtained: kf=5.6×105 m−1 sec−1, kd=17 sec−1 and K=3×104 m−1 at 25°C and μ→0. Studies at various temperatures between 12 and 30.5°C gave the thermodynamic parameters. In comparison with the results on other ligand complexes, the ligand effects seem to be found not in the formation rate constant, but in the dissociation rate constant. The results indicate that the rate-determining step of the complex formation is the release of the water molecule from the inner coordination sphere of the nickel ion.
Studies on Stable Free Radicals. X. Photolysis of Hindered N-Chloroamines
Authors: Toda Toshimasa , Mori Eiko , Horiuchi Hideo , Murayama Keisuke 
Published: July 2006

Abstract
Photolysis of the hindered N-Chloroamines, 1-chloro-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-oxopiperidine (IIa), 1-chloro-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine (IIb), and 1-chloro-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-4-oxoimidazolidine (IIc), in benzene solution were carried out in an ESR spectrometer cavity. The ESR spectra of the corresponding amino radicals IIIa, IIIb, and IIIc were observed in evacuated solutions. In solutions containing oxygen, it was found that amino radicals IIIb and IIIc, readily reacted with oxygen to give the corresponding stable nitroxide radicals IVb and IVc, from the shapes of spectra and g-values. Amino radical IIIa did not react with oxygen. Although the amino radicals could not be isolated, their formation was confirmed by the isolation of a coupling product with a benzyl radical generated from dibenzylmercury.