bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Sexual Dysfunction after Clipping of Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms
Authors: Tripathi Manjul , Wankhade Lomesh , Mohindra Sandeep , Kumar Santosh , Chauhan Rajeev 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Sexual dysfunction significantly affects interpersonal relationships and overall quality of life. It remains a matter of concern for risk assessment and counseling in patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Objective:
To assess the sexual dysfunctions in patients undergoing clipping for ruptured intracranial aneurysms and comparative evaluation among different anterior circulation aneurysms.

Method:
We prospectively included 40 male patients of ruptured intracranial aneurysms of anterior circulation (age range: 20–60 years; sexually active preoperatively), managed with craniotomy and clipping. We evaluated the sexual outcome in patients with excellent Glasgow outcome score (GOS) five at a minimum one year of follow-up. Patients with GOS-5 status at follow-up were broadly classified into two groups: Anterior communicating artery aneurysm (Acom), and non-Acom) aneurysms. We valued sexual outcome with Subjective Sexual Arousal Scale for Men at follow-up, and compared in the two groups.

Results:
Mean age of patients was 44.78 ± 9.51 years. Besides 20 Acom aneurysms, other groups included 11 middle cerebral artery aneurysms, five internal carotid artery aneurysms, three posterior communicating artery aneurysms, and one distal anterior cerebral artery aneurysm. The mean follow-up was 24.45 ± 13.58 months. Patients with non-Acom aneurysms had an overall better outcome in the sexual performance domain “P = 0.015,” mental satisfaction domain “P = 0.009,” and sexual assertiveness domain “P = 0.007.” However, there was no statistical difference in partner communication domain “P = 0.593,” and partner relationship domain “P = 0.378.” Overall, the sexual outcome was inferior in patients treated for Acom aneurysms compared to other anterior circulation aneurysms.

Conclusions:
In cases of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage, sexual dysfunctions are common even after good clinical outcomes. The study revealed prominent differences in outcomes on the sexual quality of life in patients harboring Acom aneurysms as compared to anterior circulation aneurysms located off-midline.
Delineating the Spectrum of Pituitary Adenoma Based on the WHO 2017 Classification
Authors: Paramita Paul , Shilpa Rao , Nandeesh B N , Yasha T C , Vani Santosh 
Published: March 2024

Background:
The WHO 2017 classification of endocrine tumors incorporates lineage-specific transcription factors (TF) and hormone expression for the classification of pituitary adenoma (PA). There is paucity of reports describing the spectrum of PA based on this classification.

Objective:
The aim of this study was to delineate the spectrum of PA based on WHO 2017 classification of endocrine tumors.

Materials and Methods:
PA diagnosed in the year 2018 were studied. H and E and hormonal immunohistochemistry (IHC) for GH, PRL, ACTH, TSH, FSH, LH, CK, T-Pit and MIB-1 were performed and the results were analyzed.

Results:
The cohort included 88 cases. M: F ratio was 2:1. Clinically, 22 (25%) were functional and 66 (75%) were non-functional adenomas. Amongst the clinically functional adenomas, GH secreting adenomas were the commonest (68%). Majority (83%) of non-functional adenomas were hormone positive with gonadotroph adenomas being the commonest (72.7%). Eleven (12.5%) PA were clinically and hormonally silent. Three of these showed intense nuclear T-Pit positivity, classifying them under silent corticotroph adenoma. Lineage of the remaining eight adenomas remained undetermined, since, IHC for Pit-1 and SF-1 was not performed. The aggressive adenomas identified by IHC included sparsely granulated somatotroph adenoma, Crooke cell adenoma, silent corticotroph adenoma, densely granulated lactotroph adenoma in men and constituted 17% of the PA. Four (4/88) cases were clinically invasive.

Conclusion:
A large majority of PA including aggressive adenomas can be identified by IHC. Addition of T-Pit helped to identify silent corticotroph adenoma. Pit -1 and SF-1 TF would help identify plurihormonal Pit-1 PA and null cell adenomas.
Exercise Reverses Immune-Related Genes in the Hippocampus of Multiple Sclerosis Patients
Authors: Qiu Jiaying , Gu Jiajia , Chang Shiyi , Zhang Zhenyu , Zhang Haibo , Liu Tianqing , Jie Jing , Wei Jinhuan 
Published: March 2024

Background:
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory demyelinating lesions in the white matter of the central nervous system. Studies have shown that exercise is beneficial for multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the molecular basis is largely unknown.

Materials and Methods:
We integrated multiple blood and hippocampus transcriptome data from subjects with physical activity or MS. Transcription change associations between physical activity and MS were analyzed with bioinformatic methods including GSEA (Gene Set Enrichment Analysis) and GO (Gene Ontology) analysis.

Results:
We find that exercise can specifically reverse immune-related genes in the hippocampus of MS patients, while this effect is not observable in blood. Moreover, many of these reversed genes encode immune-related receptors. Interestingly, higher levels of physical activity have more pronounced effects on the reversal of MS-related transcripts.

Conclusions:
The immune-response related genes or pathways in the hippocampus may be the targets of exercise in alleviating MS conditions, which may offer new therapeutic clues for MS.
ORIGENS DO BRAZILIAN HOME RULE NA CONSTITUIÇÃO DE 1988
Authors: Sgarbossa Luís Fernando 
Published: March 2024

RESUMO: O artigo explora a temática do experimentalismo democrático no campo do Direito Constitucional Subnacional, na perspectiva do Direito Comparado e da História do Direito. Examina casos de experimentalismo democrático constitucional subnacional bem-sucedidos nas experiências constitucionais estadunidense, mexicana e alemã, a partir dos institutos do recall, do amparo e do Verfassungsbeschwerde, respectivamente. Adota a metodologia histórico-comparativa, pesquisa documental e bibliográfica. Examina processos de difusão horizontal e vertical, ascendente e descendente, de modelos constitucionais engendrados em nível subnacional. Em seguida, examina as origens do home rule ou autogoverno local no Direito Constitucional norte-americano, a partir de precedentes de supremas cortes estaduais e da Suprema Corte federal. Explora a recepção do autogoverno local pelo Direito Constitucional estadual Gaúcho a partir das constituições de 1891 e 1892 e sua manutenção até a constituição subnacional atualmente vigente daquele Estado brasileiro. Por fim examina o processo de federalização do sistema de leis orgânicas municipais ensaiada no anteprojeto à carta federal de 1934 e sua realização em 1988, constituindo um importante caso de difusão bottom-up, atípico na tradição do constitucionalismo multinível brasileiro.
Karakter Morfologi dan Habitat Ekidna Moncong Panjang Barat (Zaglossus bruijnii) di Sekitar Taman Wisata Alam Bariat, Sorong Selatan
Authors: Darwis Fajar Fitrah Darmawan , Hormes Ulimpa  , Mohamad Rizki Riadhi  , Reza Saputra  , Nita Yohana  , Aksamina Maria Yohanita  
Published: March 2024

Penelitian Karakter Morfologi dan Habitat Ekidna Moncong Panjang Barat (Zaglossus bruijnii) di sekitar Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Beriat di Kabupaten Sorong Selatan dilakukan karena jenis ini merupakan prototheria (mamalia bertelur) dengan status sangat terancam berdasarkan IUCN. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi karakter morfologi dan vegetasi habitat Zaglossus bruijnii di sekitar kawasan konservasi TWA Beriat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama dua minggu yaitu pada tanggal 17 – 31 Oktober 2022, di sekitar Taman Wisata Alam Beriat dan tiga wilayah hutan yang berbatasan dengan kawasan TWA Beriat yaitu Srer, Aibobor dan Wehali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Zaglossus bruijnii yang ditemukan merupakan suatu laporan distribusi baru di wilayah Papua Barat. Variasi unik dari morfologi Zaglossus Bruijnii yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini adalah variasi jumlah cakar pada kaki depan. Dari ketiga individu yang ditemukan dua individu memiliki tiga cakar depan dengan dua cakar tereduksi dan satu individu memiliki empat cakar depan dengan satu cakar tereduksi. Kondisi habitat Zaglossus bruijnii di Sekitar TWA Beriat, Sorong Selatan beradara di daratan rendah dengan tipe ekosistem karst. Hal menunjukkan bahwa habitat Zaglossus bruijnii di Papua Barat sangat bervariasi. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menyumbang data ilmiah penting terkait kehadiran, morfologi, dan habitat Zaglossus bruijnii yang ada di sekitar Taman Wisata Alam Beriat di Kabupaten Sorong Selatan dan menjadi data dasar untuk konservasi spesies ini di Papua Barat
DIVERSITY OF ECTOMYCORYZAL FUNGI IN THE MAKBON KPHP PRODUCTION FOREST OF SORONG DISTRIC
Authors: Erni  , Ponisri  , Saeni Fajrianto , Farida Anif 
Published: March 2024

Hutan produksi makbon merupakan hutan produksi terbatas yang memiliki luas kurang lebih 15.125,62 ha memiliki banyak potensi tegakan yang cukup tinggi dan memberikan peluang terjadinya keragaman jenis cendawan ektomikoriza karena tegakan di kawasan hutan produksi makbon mempunyai sifat ketergantungan hidup dengan cendawan ektomikoriza. Hutan produksi makbon merupakan salah satu habitat berbagai tumbuhan jamur ektomikoriza.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah jenis jamur ektomikoriza, keanekaragaman, dominasi, dan kemerataan jenis jamur ektomikoriza yang tumbuh di area hutan produksi makbon pada wilayah KPHP Kabupten Sorong. Metode yang digunakan yaitu Metode yang digunakan adalah metode observasi lapangan. Untuk pengambilan data jamur ektomikoriza dibuat plot secara purposive sampling. Jumlah jenis jamur ektomikoriza pada hutan produksi Makbon Kabupaten Sorong sebanyak 33 jenis. Sebanyak 31 spesies jamur merupakan kelas Basidiomycota dan 2 spesies jamur merupakan kelas Ascomycota dengan 17 famili dan jumlah keseluruhan individu yaitu 1.993 individu. Jenis jamur ektomikoriza terbanyak yaitu jamur Trametes sp² berjumlah 197 individu (9,885%), dan paling sedikit yaitu jamur Clitocybe discolor berjumlah 17 individu (0,853%). Indeks keanekaragaman jenis jamur ektomikoriza di hutan produksi makbon dalam kategori sedang yaitu 1,4059. Indeks dominasi jenis dalam kategori rendah yaitu 0,0501 dan indeks kemerataan jenis dalam kategori tinggi yaitu 0,9259, hal ini bahwa jamur ektomikoriza yang terdapat di hutan produksi Makbon menyebar secara merata, kecuali Ramaria strcrita.
Keanekaragaman Jenis Tumbuhan Paku (Pteridophyta) di Kawasan Hutan Cagar Alam Mutis, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur
Authors: Rikardus Nosi  , Pellondo'u Mamie Elsyana , Sinaga Pamona Silvia 
Published: March 2024

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis tumbuhan paku dan tingkat keanekaragamannya di kawasan hutan Cagar Alam Mutis, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Selatan, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling, dimana pengambilan data menggunakan metode kuadrat yaitu dengan membuat transek dan setiap transek dibagi menjadi beberapa plot pengamatan. Total titik pengambilan sampel berjumlah 16 plot dengan menggunakan 2 transek. Selanjutnya tiap satu transek dibuat masing-masing 8 plot pengamatan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat 14 jenis tumbuhan Paku yang terdiri dari 5 jenis tumbuhan paku yang hidup di pohon (kategori tumbuhan epifit) dan 9 jenis tumbuhan paku yang hidup di tanah (kategori tumbuhan terestrial). Indeks keanekaragaman jenis (H’) tumbuhan paku epifit sebesar 1,093 dan jenis paku terestrial dengan nilai indeks keragaman H’ sebesar 1,169 yang secara keseluruhan masih dalam kisaran (sedang). Indeks nilai penting tertinggi tumbuhan paku epifit adalah dari jenis Devalia canariensis (84,30%), sedangkan tumbuhan paku terestrial adalah jenis Nephrolepis biserrata (70,31%).
Client and Therapists’ Subjective Understanding of an Ideal Therapy Room: A Divergent Reflection of Experience
Authors: Taiwo Abigail , Chinyio Ezekiel , Hewson Helen , Agberotimi Samson 
Published: March 2024

An abundance of studies showed that the room/space where therapy takes place could significantly impact the engagement, process, and how people experience therapy. The need to balance the comfort of the room with its fundamental functionality to clients is essential. Nevertheless, studies that report on the perception of therapists and clients about an ideal therapy room are scarce. This study, therefore, aimed to explore the subjective understanding of what makes an ideal therapy room from the perspective of clients and therapists. The study utilised a qualitative descriptive research design and adopted a grounded theory method. Eight participants (three therapists and five clients) volunteered to participate in the study. The participants were purposively recruited for the study and participated in individual semi-structured interviews. Data obtained were transcribed verbatim and subjected to thematic analysis. Results showed divergent views among the participants about what constitutes an ideal therapy room. Confidentiality, spatial environment, contextual awareness, and privacy were the key emergent themes. Several subthemes pointed to comfortability, brightness, colour, nice viewing, and focus points as recurrent issues determining how ideal the participants perceive a therapy room. Conclusion The results align with Rapoport’s (1992) meaning of the built environment, which emphasises the variability of peoples’ reactions to the environment in terms of its meanings. Implication The study implicates the need for therapists working with clients in therapy rooms to consider what the room means to their clients and tailor the environment to suit their clients’ preferences as much as possible or make this an object of exploration at the start of the session. The built environment designers will also benefit from considering these points perceived as significant.
Yemeni and regional maritime doctrine in light of the decline of the liberal theory of freedom of navigation in EEZ
Authors: Humran Mohammed Ali 
Published: March 2024

The presence of the USCENTCOM , AFRICOM Â and 34 foreign countries in the vital Yemeni, Arab, and national maritime spheres contributed to a flagrant violation of maritime laws and international political relations. Likewise, the presence and activities of the strategic and tactical military naval units of the aircraft carrier, submarines, and American and British nuclear naval destroyers in the Red Sea. The Gulf of Aden is a breach and violation of international law and agreements regulating freedom of navigation and a blatant assault on Yemeni sovereignty in its vital maritime sphere, as it is located in exclusive Yemeni economic waters, in addition to its nuclear effects in destroying the marine environment and human security. It constitutes a source of danger to food and maritime security, stability, and international peace. The study aims to clarify the influence of Western geopolitical thought and the behavior of American foreign policy in international relations and maritime laws, which is witnessing a major decline and failure in its global policy because it used the policy of American military force to achieve its own political goals and imposed the methodology of Western liberal maritime thought to control and limit the rights of the Yemeni, Arab, and Islamic coastal states. Which contradicts customs, laws, and agreements and affects historical rights and the Yemeni, Arab, and regional maritime domain. The study is expected to confirm the modern Yemeni, Arab, and Islamic hypothesis that the high seas and international maritime waters are within a distance of 200 nautical miles from the baseline and to affirm the right of Yemen and the Arab nation to be protected. The vital area of the United Arab Emirates and the Islamic and regional countries extends from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean, the Arabian Gulf, the eastern and western Indian Ocean to the Antarctic Ocean, and there is a call for holding maritime conferences in order to develop traditional Western maritime legal theories and concepts that seek to limit the rights of coastal states, establish perceptions, and reach an update to the laws regulating freedom of maritime navigation in accordance with the views of the peoples of the world and in response to global changes in multipolarity.
The impact of cultural diversity and intercultural competence on conflict management styles in Egypt
Authors: Said Ali Ahmed 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: To aim of the study was to analyze the impact of cultural diversity and intercultural competence on conflict management styles in Egypt.
Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries.
Findings: Research shows power dynamics and organizational justice significantly impact conflict outcomes and satisfaction. Power imbalances exacerbate conflicts, leading to dissatisfaction. Unequal power distribution can escalate conflicts due to perceived unfairness. Conversely, organizational justice fosters positive outcomes and higher satisfaction levels. Fostering equitable power dynamics and promoting justice mitigate conflict and enhance satisfaction.
Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Cultural intelligence theory, social identity theory & intercultural communication competence (ICC) theory may be used to anchor future studies on the impact of cultural diversity and intercultural competence on conflict management styles in Egypt. Provide training and development programs focused on enhancing intercultural competence among individuals and organizations. Advocate for the implementation of diversity and inclusion policies that promote cultural sensitivity and intercultural competence in the workplace.
Women and Rural Development in the Context of Decentralisation in Tubah Council, North West Region of Cameroon
Authors: Temgoua Nadine Yemelong , Bouyo Jim Narem Kwin , Mofor Gilbert Zechia , Nahbila Mearan Forchop 
Published: March 2024

Purpose: Before 1990s, the decentralisation process in Cameroon has gone through several stages. This process really materialised with the revision of the Cameroon Constitution in 1996. Owing to that, several laws concerning this process were promulgated. Decentralisation should eventually make all decentralised territorial authorities autonomous. This government policy, which is part of the bottom-up approach, has the responsibility to promote the participation of the population. Thus, one is entitled to ask how decentralisation in Cameroon can impact women’s participation in rural development in the Tubah council?
Materials and Methods: To answer this question, primary and secondary data were mobilised and processed according to appropriate methods for the variables studied. Primary data were collected from observation, interviews of key informants and administration of questionnaires addressed to a sample of 145 people in the council area. Secondary data were obtained from internet sources, textbooks as well as documentations and libraries. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptives and inferentials statistics meanwhile content analysis was used for qualitative data analysis.
Findings: The results show that even if the decentralisation process does not pay particular attention to women, it contributes to the creation of a favourable framework for local development initiatives. Thus, 79% of the women in the Tubah area act individually, compared with 21% who take part in group actions. Their actions varied, with 40% in the field of agriculture and 30% to drinking water supply projects. Identified as one of the pillars of development in rural areas, the intervention of women, if well supervised and structured, it can boost development in a sustainable and effective way.
Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: The study recommends that councils within the process of decentralisation should encourage women participation in rural development by ensuring their high representativeness. It also goes in line with the theory of decentralisation, which states that in order to promote local and participatory development, the transfer of power to local authorities must be effective. The study emphasises on the fact that, the transfer should not only be at the level of power and finances, but it should also include the social categories, must especially women, who are one of the main actors of rural development in Cameroon.
Bidirectional encoders to state-of-the-art: a review of BERT and its transformative impact on natural language processing
Authors: Gupta Rajesh 
Published: March 2024

First developed in 2018 by Google researchers, Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) represents a breakthrough in natural language processing (NLP). BERT achieved state-of-the-art results across a range of NLP tasks while using a single transformer-based neural network architecture. This work reviews BERT's technical approach, performance when published, and significant research impact since release. We provide background on BERT's foundations like transformer encoders and transfer learning from universal language models. Core technical innovations include deeply bidirectional conditioning and a masked language modeling objective during BERT's unsupervised pretraining phase. For evaluation, BERT was fine-tuned and tested on eleven NLP tasks ranging from question answering to sentiment analysis via the GLUE benchmark, achieving new state-of-the-art results. Additionally, this work analyzes BERT's immense research influence as an accessible technique surpassing specialized models. BERT catalyzed adoption of pretraining and transfer learning for NLP. Quantitatively, over 10,000 papers have extended BERT and it is integrated widely across industry applications. Future directions based on BERT scale towards billions of parameters and multilingual representations. In summary, this work reviews the method, performance, impact and future outlook for BERT as a foundational NLP technique.

We provide background on BERT's foundations like transformer encoders and transfer learning from universal language models. Core technical innovations include deeply bidirectional conditioning and a masked language modeling objective during BERT's unsupervised pretraining phase. For evaluation, BERT was fine-tuned and tested on eleven NLP tasks ranging from question answering to sentiment analysis via the GLUE benchmark, achieving new state-of-the-art results.

Additionally, this work analyzes BERT's immense research influence as an accessible technique surpassing specialized models. BERT catalyzed adoption of pretraining and transfer learning for NLP. Quantitatively, over 10,000 papers have extended BERT and it is integrated widely across industry applications. Future directions based on BERT scale towards billions of parameters and multilingual representations. In summary, this work reviews the method, performance, impact and future outlook for BERT as a foundational NLP technique.