bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Strangulating volvulus of the ascending colon in horses
Authors: Snyder Jack R. , Pascoe John R. , Olander Harvey J. , Spier Sharon J. , Meagher Dennis M. , Bleifer Dana R. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Of 57 horses with strangulating volvulus of the ascending colon, 42 were mares (including 21 postparturient mares), 8 were stallions, and 7 were geldings. Volvulus occurred most frequently in the summer (n = 24) and spring (n = 17). Pain was evaluated as severe in 41 horses, moderate in 9, and mild in 4. The abdominal fluid from 30 horses varied from clear yellow in 19 horses, to cloudy yellow in 3 horses, and serosanguineous in 8 horses. Protein content and nucleated cell count in the abdominal fluid were 2.5 ± 1 g/dl and 1,000 ± 900 μl, respectively.
Fifty horses had ≥ 360° volvulus and 7 had a 27.0° volvulus, with 49 occurring in a counterclockwise direction. The site of volvulus in all horses was at the mesenteric attachment of the colon, except for a 360° volvulus at the sternal and diaphragmatic flexures in 1 horse. Survival rates for horses with a ≥ 360° and a 270° volvulus were 36% and 71%, respectively. The difference in survival rates reflected the severe vascular occlusion in the colon of horses with ≥ 360° volvulus.
In nonsurvivors, hemorrhage in the submucosa and lamina propria (P < 0.005) and edema in the submucosa (P < 0.01) were greater than those in survivors. In nonsurvivors, > 97% of the superficial epithelium was lost. In horses that survived, only 60% of the cells were lost or degenerated. The crypt epithelial loss and remaining cellular degeneration was ≥ 50% in all but 5 nonsurvivors. Alteration in superficial and crypt epithelium and interstitial crypt ratio were significantly more severe for nonsurvivors (P < 0.005) than those for survivors.
Bacterial growth associated with metallic implants in dogs
Authors: Smith Mark M. , Vasseur P. B. , Saunders H. M. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Tissue and swab specimens for bacteriologic culture were obtained from the operative wound in 40 dogs in which plates and screws were applied and then removed from the sites of healed fractures or arthrodeses. Implants were removed after a mean (±sd) application period of 15.7 ± 9.3 months. Bacteria were isolated from the plate-bone interface in 17 dogs. Of the 17 dogs, 9 had had complications associated with initial management (eg, osteomyelitis, open fractures, or multiple surgical procedures). Control specimens were obtained from 30 dogs that had clean elective orthopedic procedures that did not involve implantation of metallic prostheses. None of the dogs of the control group were given antibiotics. Bacteria were isolated from 2 of 30 specimens obtained from control dogs. The difference between the number of culture-positive specimens from dogs of the implant group and those from dogs of the control group was significant (P < 0.01).
Nonangiogenic and nonlymphomatous sarcomas of the canine spleen: 57 cases (1975–1987)
Authors: Weinstein M. J. , Carpenter J. L. , Mehlhaff Schunk C. J. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
The case records of and histopathologic findings in 57 dogs with nonangiogenic and nonlymphomatous splenic sarcomas were reviewed. Splenic neoplasms in these dogs included leiomyosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, undifferentiated sarcoma, liposarcoma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, myxosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, and fibrous histiocytoma.
The clinical signs associated with splenic sarcoma included anorexia or decreased appetite, abdominal distention, polydipsia, lethargy, vomiting, weight loss, and weakness. An abdominal mass was detected in 86% of the dogs by use of abdominal palpation (63%), and/or abdominal radiography (74%). The diagnosis was based on histopathologic findings in the spleen.
Abdominal exploratory surgery was performed on 43 of the 57 dogs. Twenty-seven dogs were treated by splenectomy, and 16 were euthanatized at the time of surgery because of widespread metastatic lesions. Of the 14 dogs on which surgery was not performed, 11 were euthanatized on the basis of results of preoperative diagnostic tests, and the remaining 3 dogs had splenic neoplasms that were incidental findings at necropsy.
Of the 27 surgically treated dogs, 5 died in the immediate postoperative period, 12 died or were euthanatized within 1 year after splenectomy, and only 5 dogs survived ≥ 1 year. Three dogs were lost to follow-up evaluation, and 2 were still alive 6 and 7 months after surgery. The median survival time of the 22 dogs for which survival was known was 2.5 months. The median survival time for 11 dogs with no obvious metastasis at the time of splenectomy was 9 months. On the basis of the frequency of metastatic lesions at the time of diagnosis and the short survival after splenectomy, a guarded prognosis should be given for dogs with such neoplasms.
Subchondral lucency of the third carpal bone in Standardbred racehorses: 13 cases (1982–1988)
Authors: Ross M. W. , Richardson D. W. , Beroza G. A. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Thirteen Standardbreds had subchondral lucency of the third carpal bone (C3), described as single or multiple central areas of C3 bone loss in the radial fossa. Sclerosis of the radial fossa was also detected. The mean age of 9 stallions, 3 mares, and 1 gelding was 4.1 years (range, 3 to 7 years). All horses had an acute moderate to severe lameness referable to the middle carpal joint. A dorsoproximal dorsodistal (skyline) radiographic projection was most useful and identified mild (3 horses), moderate (6 horses), and severe (4 horses) subchondral lucency and sclerosis of the radial fossa. The margin of C3 was intact dorsal to the lucent areas in all horses. In 12 horses, arthroscopic surgical evaluation and curettage of the lesion were performed. Of the 9 horses monitored long enough to allow racing, 8 horses (89%) returned to racing, although only 6 (75%) raced at the same degree of competition. Subchondral lucency of C3 resulted from chronic damage to C3 with subsequent osteochondral collapse or acute C3 proximal surface osteochondral fracture.
Comparison of renal biopsy techniques in dogs
Authors: Wise Lori A. , Allen Timothy A. , Cartwright Mark 
Published: February 2025

Summary
To evaluate adequacy of biopsy specimens obtained and safety to the patient, the standard keyhole biopsy technique (using digital immobilization of the right kidney and placement of the biopsy needle up to the capsule before obtaining a tissue sample) was compared with 9 technical modifications. Adequacy was judged by the number of intact glomeruli observed in the specimen. Detection of transected blood vessels and renal pelvis was presumed to have predictive value for postbiopsy complications of hemorrhage and hydronephrosis. Needle biopsy specimens were also obtained from left and right kidneys by use of laparoscopic visualization and were compared with those obtained by use of the standard keyhole technique. Although the standard keyhole technique yielded the highest percentage of adequate biopsy specimens, there was no statistical difference between specimens obtained by this technique and those obtained by the modified technique or by laparoscope-guided biopsy. Also, significant difference in percentage of biopsy specimens with renal pelvis was not found between specimens obtained by the. standard and modified techniques. For each technique, the biopsy core length was measured and the mean value was calculated. In this study, core length did not correlate with adequacy of the biopsy specimen.
Transcervical embryo transfer in performance mares
Authors: Sertich Patricia L. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Pregnancy was established by transcervical transfer of embryos from performance mares into recipient mares. Estrus was synchronized between donor (n = 17) and recipient (n = 43) mares. After a ≥ 25-mm follicle was detected, donor mares were bred artificially daily until ovulation. Day of ovulation was recorded. Uterine flushes (n = 111) were performed on donor mares 7 days after ovulation, and recovered embryos were transferred transcervically to recipient mares within 2 hours. Embryos were recovered from 40.5% of uterine flushes. Of transferred single embryos, 65.7% resulted in pregnancy, detectable by ultrasonographic examination 23 days after transfer. Only 35.3% of twin embryos resulted in pregnancy. Results over a 4-year period were as follows: uteri were flushed on 14, 44, 31 and 22 occasions, and 8, 21,15, and 11 embryos were recovered (1 embryo was not transferred), with 6, 11, 4, and 6 resulting in 30-day pregnancy in years L to 4, respectively.
Hematologic effects of exposure to three infective agents in rabbits
Authors: Toth Linda A. , Krueger James M. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Infectious disease is typically accompanied by changes in the number and types of circulating leukocytes. To examine the effects of infectious challenge on the distribution of rabbit wbc, rabbits were inoculated iv with Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, or Candida albicans. Blood was collected prior to and every 6 to 12 hours ajter inoculation for 48 hours. Infectious challenge did not substantially alter total wbc counts, but did cause neutrophilia and lymphopenia for 6 to 48 hours after inoculation. Similar patterns of leukocyte distribution were observed in rabbits with naturally developing clinical problems. Thus, high total wbc counts may not be a common characteristic of acute infectious conditions in rabbits, but differential distributions of various leukocyte populations can provide useful markers of disease in this species.
Comparison of bacteria isolated from specimens obtained by use of endoscopic guarded tracheal swabbing and percutaneous tracheal aspiration in horses
Authors: Sweeney Corinne Raphel , Sweeney Raymond W. , Benson Charles E. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Results of bacteriologic culture of specimens obtained from 14 horses with pneumonia and from 15 horses that were clinically healthy (nonpneumonia group) were compared. Specimens were obtained by use of an endoscopic guarded tracheal swabbing method and percutaneous tracheal aspiration. The percentage of agreement between the 2 tracheal specimens for the horses of the pneumonia group was 79% for aerobic isolates and 100% for anaerobic isolates. The percentage of agreement between results of the 2 tracheal specimens for horses of the nonpneumonia group was 80% for aerobic organisms and 93% for anaerobic organisms.
The endoscopic guarded swabbing method described here for obtaining specimens from die lower airways for bacteriolugic culture did not always prevent contamination. Results of the study suggested that this endoscopic swabbing technique has merit and should be considered as an alternative to the tracheal aspiration method. Pseudomonas sp and any anaerobic bacteria that are isolated must be viewed as potential contaminants of the endoscopic swab specimen and may not be involved in the primary pulmonary disease.
Treatment of serous retinal detachments associated with optic disk pits in dogs
Authors: Vainisi Samuel J. , Peyman Gholam A. , Wolf E. Dan , West C. Sue 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Serous retinal detachment, associated with optic dish pit, was diagnosed in 28 eyes of 24 dogs. Xenon arc photocoagulation was used in treatment of the detachment. Of 24 dogs, 21 were Collies. In 23 eyes, retinal detachments affected temporal and/or inferior portions of the retina. In 5 eyes, detachments were predominantly superior and/or nasal. A single photocoagulation treatment resulted in reattachmenls in 25 eyes. Of the 3 remaining detachments, 2 eyes improved with additional photocoagulation, and 1 eye, which was not treated further, had a complete retinal detachment.
Survey of intradermal skin testing practices in North America
Authors: DeBoer Douglas J. 
Published: February 2025

Summary
Allergic skin diseases are commonly diagnosed by veterinarians. Inhalant-related allergic diseases are especially prevalent in companion animal species. Intradermal shin testing (idst) is the usual method for diagnosis of these syndromes, and is often followed by hyposensitization treatment if an animal reacts to substances during testing. A mail survey of veterinarians in the United States and Canada was conducted to determine current procedures in use for idst and opinions on results of idst and hyposensitization. Results of the survey indicate that idst procedures are not currently standardized and that there is wide variation in the methods used. Opinion regarding results of skin testing and hyposensitization was largely in agreement with previously published patient studies.
Evaluation of cisplatin–induced emesis in dogs with malignant neoplasia: 115 cases (1984–1987)
Authors: Ogilvie G. K , Moore A. S , Curtis C. R 
Published: February 2025

Summary
A retrospective review of the records of 115 dogs with 13 types of malignant tumors was performed in an attempt to identify factors that influence the degree of emesis observed within 24 hours after cisplatin therapy. Six groups were established on the basis of dosage of cisplatin and on the route of administration: 10 mg/m2 iv (n = 17), 40 mg/m2 iv (n = 10), 50 mg/m2 iv (n = 19), 60 mg/m2 iv (n = 7), 70 mg/m2 iv (n = 36), and 70 mg/m2 intra-arterially (ia; n = 26). Age, gender, weight, dose of cisplatin, route of administration (iv vs ia), and duration of infusion were evaluated. Increasing doses of cisplatin (P < 0.01) and the iv route of drug administration (P < 0.0006) were associated with an increased occurrence of vomiting in response to the first treatment. Anesthesia, performed in dogs that were given cisplatin ia, was a confounding variable that may have reduced the emetic potential of the drug after the dogs were awakened. If the dog vomited in response to the first treatment, there was a greater tendency to vomit after subsequent cisplatin treatments (P = 0.08). Multivariable analysis, after correcting for the effects of age, gender, and weight, indicated that high doses of cisplatin (P < 0.001) and lower weight of the dog (P < 0.04) were significantly associated with an increased likelihood of vomiting. Dogs that were given 70 mg/m2 iv were 28.7 times more likely (P < 0.001) to vomit, compared with those that were given 10 mg/m2, after adjusting for the effects of age, weight, and gender. Only the dose of cisplatin was significantly (P < 0.001) associated with an increased number of emetic episodes per total number of treatments.
Evaluation of a colonic lavage solution to prepare the colon of the dog for colonoscopy
Authors: Burrows Colin F. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Ten dogs were given 3 different doses (60, 80, and 100 ml/kg of body weight) of a commercial colonic lavage solution in 2 equally divided doses, 2 to 4 hours apart. The degree of colonic cleanliness was evaluated subjectively, using a numbered scoring system (1 = clean to 4 = excessive fecal material). Systemic and metabolic effects were assessed by comparing body weight, pcv, total protein concentration, serum osmolality, and urine specific gravity before and 24 hours after administration of the high-dose solution. The lowest mean cleanliness score (1.6) was obtained with the 80 ml/kg dose (P < 0.001). The solution had no effect on any measurement except urine specific gravity (P = 0.036). Oral administration of a colonic lavage solution in a divided total dose of 80 ml/kg is a safe and effective method of large-intestine preparation in the dog.
Limb-sparing treatment for osteosarcoma in dogs
Authors: LaRue Susan M. , Withrow Stephen J. , Powers Barbara E. , Wrigley Robert H. , Gillette Edward L. , Schwarz Peter D. , Straw Rodney C. , Richter Sherri L. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Twenty dogs with spontaneously developing osteosarcoma of the extremities were treated with 1 of 3 multimodality limb-sparing procedures. Excision of the tumor was preceded by intra-arterial (ia) administration of cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) alone directed to the affected extremity, irradiation plus ia administration of cisplatin, or irradiation plus iv administration of cisplatin. All dogs were free of apparent metastatic disease at the time of initial treatment.
After diagnosis, dogs administered cisplatin ia had selective angiography performed on arteries supplying the tumor, and 70 mg of cisplatin/m2 of body surface was administered over 2 hours. This protocol was repeated 3 weeks later. Dogs that were irradiated received 25 or 40 Gy in 10 fractions over a 22-day period. The first and last radiation doses were immediately preceded by ia administration of cisplatin. Dogs given iv treatment received 10 mg of cisplatin/m2 2 hours before each radiation fraction was administered. Three weeks after the last treatment, tumors were excised and the limb underwent orthopedic reconstruction, generally using cortical allografting and bone plating, Limb function, allograft healing, local tumor control, and metastatic dissemination were monitored.
Limb function was good to excellent in 69% (11/16) of dogs evaluated. Forelimb-sparing procedures were generally associated with better function than were limb-sparing procedures performed on hind limbs. Local tumor control was obtained in 79% (11/14) of dogs thoroughly evaluated, with local recurrences in 3 dogs at 3, 4, and 7 months after treatment. Fifteen dogs developed metastatic disease at a median time of 8 months from the time of diagnosis. Mean and median survival times for all dogs, regardless of cause of death, were 11.7 and 8 months, respectively. Tumor necrosis > 80% was statistically associated with lack of recurrence. Of 16 dogs, 5, (31%) developed infections at the surgical site.
Multimodality limb-sparing treatment is believed to be a viable alternative for appropriately selected dogs with osteosarcoma. The optimal method of treatment prior to or after tumor excision has not yet been established.
Comparison of bacteriologic culture of blood and necropsy specimens for determining the cause of foal septicemia: 47 cases (1978-1987)
Authors: Wilson W. David , Madigan John E. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
Diagnosis of bacterial septicemia was confirmed by results of bacteriologic culture of antemortem blood samples and/or necropsy specimens obtained from 47 foals up to 8 days old. Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from all 47 foals, and mixed infections with more than one organism were involved in 26 (55%). Escherichia coli, Actinobacillus spp, and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most frequent isolates, infecting 55, 34, and 23% of foals, respectively. Gram-positive bacteria and anaerobic bacteria were isolated only from foals with mixed infections with gram-negative organisms. Clostridium perfringens was the only anaerobe isolated. In 38 (81%) of 47 foals with confirmed septicemia, blood samples were culture-positive.
Thirty-two septicemic foals subsequently died, allowing a comparison to be made between the species of bacteria isolated by culture of blood with those recovered by culture of internal organs at necropsy. Blood failed to yield any gram-negative organisms in 12 (37.5%) of 32 foals from which a gram-negative pathogen was isolated at necropsy. Forty-three percent of the gram-negative bacteria, including 59% of the E coli, and 10% of the gram-positive bacteria found in septicemic foals at necropsy were not detected earlier by results of bacteriologic culture of blood.
Multilobular osteochondrosarcoma of the canine skull: 16 cases (1978-1988)
Authors: Straw R. C. , LeCouteur R. A. , Powers B. E. , Withrow S. J. 
Published: February 2025

SUMMARY
The medical records of 12 dogs with multilobular osteochondrosarcoma (mlo) and examined at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Colorado State University from August 1979 to January 1987 were reviewed. Medical records of 1 dog with mlo and 3 dogs with mlo examined at the Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph and the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis, respectively, were also reviewed and included in the study. The mean age of affected dogs was 7.5 years, a single breed did not appear to be overrepresented, and males were affected as frequently as were females. All of the primary lesions affected either the mandible, maxilla, or cranium. Excision was the only treatment in 11 dogs, 2 dogs had radiotherapy in addition to excision, and 1 dog had radiotherapy and chemotherapy after excision. Twelve treated dogs had follow-up information available. Of the 12 treated dogs, 7 (58%) had local recurrence, with median time to recurrence of 14 months. Seven dogs (58%) developed metastatic disease after treatment, with median time to metastasis of 14 months. The median disease-free interval was 12 months, and the median survival time was 21 months. Excision with histologically complete surgical margins appeared to offer good opportunity for long-term tumor control. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the management of mlo remains unclear.
A new existence results on fractional differential inclusions with state-dependent delay and Mittag-Leffler kernel in Banach space
Authors: Arjunan Mani Mallika , Kavitha Velusamy , Baleanu Dumitru 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this manuscript the existence of the fractional-order functional differential inclusions [FFDI] with state-dependent delay [SDD] is investigated within the Mittag-Leffler kernel. We use both contractive and condensing maps to prove the existence of mild solutions through solution operator. Finally, an example is presented to illustrate the theoretical findings.
On Spatial Quaternionic b-lift Curves
Authors: Altınkaya Anıl , Çalışkan Mustafa 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study is based on the discovered relationships between the quaternionic slant helix and the quaternionic general helix. In this direction, we first examined quaternions, spatial quaternionic curves and b-lift curves. Furthermore, we defined the spatial quaternionic b-lift curve and characterized of Frenet fields. Afterward, we found the curvatures of the b-lift curve and using them we obtained a result between the quaternionic slant helix and quaternionic general helix. Finally, we consolidated our results with an example and visualized our curves with the MATLAB program.
Generalized Rectifying Ruled Surfaces of Special Singular Curves
Authors: İşbilir Zehra , Yazıcı Bahar Doğan , Tosun Murat 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
In this study, generalized rectifying ruled surfaces of Frenet-type framed base curves in the three-dimensional Euclidean space are introduced. These surfaces are a generalization of not only the tangent and binormal surfaces of Frenet-type framed base curves, but also the tangent and binormal surfaces of regular curves. Additionally, we present some geometric characterizations and properties of these surfaces. Then, the singular point classes of the surface are scrutinized and the conditions for being a cross-cap surface are stated. Moreover, generalized rectifying surfaces are examined as framed surfaces by using the framed surface theory, and we investigate the basic invariants and curvatures of them. Then, several illustrative examples with figures are given to support the theorems and results.
Several new aspects on q-Horn and related triple functions in the spirit of Karlsson
Authors: Ernst Thomas 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We first introduce a notation for multiple (n ≥ 3) q-hypergeometric functions, where negative values of summation indices are allowed. Then we extend the notation for q-Horn functions to include tilde values corresponding to powers of 2. Karlssons reduction formulas are correspondingly q-deformed by using these notations. A formula for sums of inverse q-shifted factorials is used to find further formulas. The second part of the paper is devoted to convergence aspects for q-Horn functions and ’abnormal’ q-Horn functions. It turns out that some simple estimates for convergence can be made in the q-case, these are then supplemented with tables of numerical values. It is shown that the convergence regions are significantly increased in the q-case, and we compare with convergence regions in the ordinary case.