bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
The aetiology of primary glaucoma in the dog1
Authors: BEDFORD P. G. C. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe occurrence of primary glaucoma is reported in several canine breeds in the United Kingdom, the specific cause of ocular hypertension being the acute closure of a defective iridocorneal angle. The gonioscopic and histological features of the disease are reported, and the nature of the predisposing inherent anatomical defect is described in contrast to the normal structure of the iridocorneal angle.
Use of Papain for the detection of incomplete erythrocyte autoantibodies in autoimmune haemolytic anaemia of the dog and cat
Authors: JONES D. R. E. , DARKE P. G. G. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTA simple technique, employing a papain test in place of the Coombs Test, can be used routinely to detect incomplete erythrocyte autoantibodies in the dog and cat.
Hypersensitivity of dog skin to fleas‐a clinical report
Authors: BAKER K. P. , O'FLANAGAN J. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe results of an examination of the clinical signs, epidemiology and histopathology of dogs presented with flea bite dermatitis at two Dublin clinics are given. Whilst the majority of Dublin dogs are infested with fleas only some develop a reaction to flea saliva.It is concluded that on the evidence available, flea dermatitis is a hypersensitive reaction to flea saliva and elimination of fleas from the environment of affected animals remains the best method of controlling the disease.
An hypothesis for the aetiology of canine chemoreceptor system neoplasms, based upon an epidemiological study of 73 cases among hospital patients
Authors: HAYES HOWARD M. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTOf 250, 000 dogs seen by twelve United States and Canadian veterinary‐college hospital/clinics, seventy‐three dogs were identified with chemo‐dectomas. The Boxer and Boston Terrier breeds had significantly higher risk for the tumour than all breeds combined; excessive risk was detected in all male dogs combined and in male dogs 10 years of age and older‐ especially in Boston Terriers. A familial predisposition aggravated by chronic hypoxia are suggested as possible aetiological factors responsible for the excessive risk in bulldog breeds.
Temporomandibular subluxation in the dog: A case report
Authors: STEWART W. CAMERON , BAKER G. J. , LEE R. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTTemporomandibular subluxation was diagnosed in a 2‐year old Irish Setter dog. The presenting sign was frequent bouts of open jaw‐locking. Tomographic evidence suggested that temporomandibular dysplasia was a factor in the aetiology of the condition. Surgical excision of rostral segments of the zygomatic arches effectively alleviated the clinical condition.
Some aspects of pancreatic disease in the cat
Authors: DUFFELL S. J. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTA survey of seventeen cases of pancreatic disease seen in cats over a 2 year period is presented. Three were suffering from diabetes mellitus, eleven from pancreatitis, and three had neoplastic lesions. The main clinical findings and post‐mortem details are recorded. The occurrence of chronic and sub‐acute pancreatitis appears more common than reported hitherto.
Operative techniques and recurrence rates associated with gastric volvulus in the dog
Authors: WINGFIELD W. E. , BETTS C. W. , GREENE R. W. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTNumerous surgical procedures have been attempted to correct the immediate emergency associated with the gastric dilation‐volvulus syndrome in the dog. These surgical procedures included anatomical repositioning alone, gastropexy, gastrotomy with an occasional partial gastrectomy, pyloric surgery, pharyngostomy tube, and splenectomy. None of these procedures has been shown to totally prevent recurrence of gastric volvulus.
Recurring gastric volvulus in a dog
Authors: BETTS C. W. , KNELLER S. K. , ROSIN E. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTA successful prophylactic permanent gastropexy was performed on a dog that had previously experienced four gastric volvulus procedures, one prophylactic pyloroplasty, and two subsequent gastric volvulus repairs. Radiographic evaluation of the previous pyloroplasty and the final permanent gastropexy are illustrated.
Greyhound injuries
Authors: HICKMAN J. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTGreyhounds sustain a number of injuries which are rarely seen in other breeds. In the left front leg fractures of the accessory carpal bone and dislocations and subluxations of the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints are particularly common whereas in the right hind leg fractures of the central tarsal bone and ruptures of the gracilis muscle occur. These injuries are discussed in relation to their aetiology and the methods of treatment employed.
Chronic degenerative radiculomyelopathy in the dog*
Authors: GRIFFITHS I. R. , DUNCAN I. D. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTChronic degenerative radiculomyelopathy (CDRM) is the name proposed for the chronic ataxic syndrome of older dogs previously reported as chronic ossifying pachymeningitis. The condition occurs in dogs of 6 years and older and affects large breeds. There is a slowly progressive ataxia and weakness of the hind limbs. Clinical testing demonstrates abnormalities in proprioception and touch and the nails of the affected leg(s) are usually worn. In the present series 70 % of cases had depression or absence of the patellar reflexes. Pain sensation, bladder control and the panniculus reflex are normal. There are degenerative lesions in the lumbar dorsal columns, fasciculus gracilis, lateral cortico spinal tract and around the ventro‐median fissure. In many cases the dorsal nerve roots are also involved. The thoraco‐lumbar grey matter and nucleus gracilis show marked astrocytic sclerosis. The distribution of the lesions suggests that this is a ‘dying back’ disease confined to the central nervous system.
A survey of the source of pups and their health status as seen in the North West Region of the BSAVA
Authors: BRADLEY W. A. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTResults are presented or a survey carried out in the North West Region of the BSAVA, covering the source of pups and their health status as seen at first consultation. The results are examined in detail to see if various widely held impressions can be supported and also to find out if any courses for action are suggested. From the results it appears that pups obtained directly from the breeder are superior in health and condition. It is also suggested that education of suppliers and owners is necessary but it is very difficult to obtain improvements.
Polyostotic cystic bone lesions in a dog
Authors: GARRIG C. B. , POOL R. R. , McELROY J. M. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical, radiological, and pathological features of a polyostotic cystic bone lesion in a 9‐month‐old Doberman Pinscher are described. The patient was diagnosed as having nutritional secondary hyperparathyroidism at 6 weeks of age and after dietary correction it remained clinically normal until 9 months when there was sudden left hind‐limb lameness due to a pathological fracture through a cystic lesion in the distal femur. Radiography revealed additional cystic structures in the metaphyses of the left radius, and left and right tibia. Pseudofractures were associated with two of the cystic lesions.In some areas the cysts were crossed by trabeculae and in others there were bony ridges on the inner cystic wall. The cavities were lined with flesh‐coloured fibrillar material which formed a lacy network extending into cavities. Histologically, multiple small cysts were present adjacent to the larger cavities noted radiographically. The secondary spongiosa and the metaphyseal periosteum were the major abnormal tissue sites. The small cysts appeared to arise in an oedematous and congested metaphyseal spongiosa. The cysts were accompanied by small foci of intense osteoclasis but unattended by compensatory bone production, and the consequent possibility of pseudofractures is an important clinical consideration. Earlier reports demonstrated that resolution of the lesions will follow surgical drainage and curettage of the cystic cavity. Of six cases of polyostotic cystic bone lesions observed in the dog, five were in the Doberman Pinscher breed.
Pentobarbitone as an anaesthetic agent in the Adelie penguin Pygoscelis adeliae
Authors: ANDREWS C. J. H. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThirty‐two Adelie penguins were injected with sodium pentobarbitone (May & Baker). In twenty‐two the intraperitoneal (IP) route alone was used and in ten both the IP and intravenous (IV) routes. The average time until the onset of surgical anaesthesia was 130 min (45‐220). Four penguins died whilst under anaesthetic for unknown reasons and one from blood loss, the remaining twenty‐seven survived for periods up to 13 hours and were electively killed. It is suggested that the variation in the anaesthetic induction period is due to the variation in the body fat content. One bird was left to recover and was immobile for 78 hours. In the penguin, barbiturates are presumably metabolized very slowly.Sodium pentobarbitone (50 mg kg‐1) is recommended as an anaesthetic agent for deep surgical anaesthesia, provided that it is a nonsurvival procedure, and rapid induction is not necessary.
The necropsy in small animal practice
Authors: SHEAHAN B. J. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTNecropsies play an important role in investigations of diseases and deaths. Veterinary practitioners who perform necropsies regularly will find that it is an effective method of sharpening diagnostic acumen. The methodology of conducting necropsies on small animals and of submitting specimens to diagnostic laboratories is reviewed. Close collaboration between practitioner and pathologist is essential if optimum results are to be achieved.
First aid and veterinary treatment of wild birds*
Authors: COOPER J. E. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe first aid and veterinary treatment of wild birds is outlined and attention is drawn to the legal and scientific justifications for such work.Particular emphasis is laid upon the careful examination of such cases and the importance, in subsequent treatment, of good management and nursing. Specific topics discussed include the care of young birds and the treatment of infectious and parasitic diseases, traumatic injuries, poisoning and oiling.
Myasthenia in Springer Spaniel littermates
Authors: JOHNSON R. P. , WATSON A. D. J. , SMITH J. , COOPER B. J. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTAt 6 weeks of age several Springer Spaniel littermates developed weakness which was exacerbated by exercise and alleviated by rest. Pharmacological testing and electromyographic studies indicated that the disorder resembled human myasthenia gravis. The initial response to neostigmine was satisfactory, but correct maintenance of dosage was difficult and two pups were electively destroyed. During 14 months of observation the third animal has shown continued requirement for treatment. Neostigmine overdose produced signs similar to those of undertreatment, but was recognized by failure to improve after intravenous administration of edrophonium.
The reaction of hair follicles in the vicinity of full‐thickness excised skin wounds in the dog
Authors: WINSTANLEY E. W. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe changes which take place in hair follicles close to full‐thickness excised skin wounds in the thoracic and metatarsal regions of the dog are described. The follicles make a significant contribution to the bulk of epithelial cells which are capable of migrating to form the new epidermis, and their behaviour explains why the migrating epithelium is first seen to grow on to the surface of the wound in the sector which lies in the direction of hair flow, and why a zone of alopecia surrounds the excised wound.
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate in the dog and cat: Comparison of two methods and influence of packed cell volume, temperature and storage of blood
Authors: JAIN N. C. , KONO CONSTANCE S. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTErythrocyte sedimentation rates of canine and feline blood were measured by the Wintrobe method and by a capillary method utilizing 75 times 1 mm microhaematocrit tubes. Results obtained with each method were generally similar for both species.The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) with the Wintrobe method as well as with the capillary method was inversely related to the packed cell volume (PCV), i. e., the lower the PCV, the higher the ESR. However, there was no consistent relationship between the ESR values obtained by the two methods at all levels of PCV. Wintrobe ESR values were slightly higher than capillary tube values for canine blood having a PCV of 36‐60% and for ‘reconstituted’ canine and feline bloods having a high PCV. In contrast, capillary tube ESR values were slightly higher than Wintrobe values for ‘reconstituted’ canine blood having a PCV of 8‐38 % and for feline blood with a PCV below 30%. It was, therefore, concluded that ESR values obtained by the two methods cannot be considered equivalent.Only a slight decrease occurred in the ESR of blood held at 4°C for 2‐6 hours, whereas the ESR of blood held at room temperature dropped markedly and blood stored for 24 hours at either temperature consistently gave lower values. Therefore, it is recommended that if the ESR cannot be determined soon after sampling, the blood should be stored at 4°C and the test conducted within 6 hours.
Retropharyngeal fibrosarcoma in a dog
Authors: MURDOCH D. B. , JONES R. S. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTA 2½‐year‐old Alsatian dog was admitted to the University of Liverpool Field Station as a respiratory emergency after dysphagia had been observed for 6 weeks. During surgery a fibrosarcoma was found in the connective tissue of the posterior pharyngeal region. The clinical, radiological, surgical and post‐mortem features are described.
Orthopaedic disease affecting the pelvic region of the cat
Authors: BENNETT DAVID 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTClinical cases of pelvic disease in the cat were surveyed over a 5 year period and were classified into proximal femoral epiphyseal separation and femoral neck fracture (19‐6%), anterodorsal hip luxation (19‐6%), pelvic fracture (34%), sacroiliac separation (16%), sacral and coccygeal fracture separation (7‐2%) and neoplasia (3‐1%).Treatment of proximal femoral epiphyseal separation and femoral neck fracture by excision arthroplasty gave a more rapid return to soundness compared with conservative treatment. The majority of hip luxations responded well to external reduction and restricted exercise for 2‐4 days. All cases of pelvic fract. ure were treated conservatively (2‐14 days of ‘cage‐rest’) and showed marked improvement within 2 weeks. Radiographic and clinical assessment of these revealed that the fractured bones eventually stabilized in their displaced positions. Sacral and coccygeal fracture separations required careful evaluation for bladder function and some cases needed tail amputation. Certain complications associated with conservative treatment of pelvic injuries in cats have been considered although in no case did these prove a serious clinical problem. Two cases of giant cell sarcoma and one of spindle cell sarcoma, of periosteal origin, were included in the survey.
Canine chemodectoma (extra‐adrenal paragangliomas)‐a comparative study
Authors: PATNAIK A. K. , LIU S. ‐K. , HURVITZ A. I. , McCLELLAND A. J. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTSixty‐seven cases of chemodectoma in dogs (fifty‐nine aortic body, two glomus pulmonale, and six carotid body) were studied. The epidemiology, biological behaviour, and association with other tumours of canine and human chemodectoma were compared. The large number of sites of origin of human chemodectomas was not observed in the dog. The canine chemo‐dectomas occurred as multiple tumours in 16% of the cases and were biologically similar to the human tumours. As with human chemodectomas, an association with endocrine tumours (such as phaeochromocyto‐mas and thyroid neoplasms) was observed.The aortic body tumours were the most common and occurred more frequently in males. A higher rate of metastasis (22%) and a higher frequency of multiple endocrine tumours in association with chemodectomas, not observed in the dog before, were seen. In contrast to the high frequency of interstitial cell tumours and a low frequency of Sertoli cell tumours noted in previous studies, a low frequency of interstitial cell tumours and a high frequency of Sertoli cell tumours were seen in this study. Similarly, a previously reported high frequency of haemangio‐sarcoma was not observed in this series.A significantly higher frequency of chemodectomas was seen in the brachiocephalic dogs (Boxers and Boston terriers). Chemodectomas in man have shown familial predispositions. However, in brachiocephalic dogs the high frequency of chemodectomas may be caused by their partially obstructed air passages, rather than by a genetic factor only.A higher incidence of chemoreceptor‐cell hyperplasia and chemo‐
Canine adenovirus: its role in renal and ocular disease: a review
Authors: WRIGHT N. G. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTHypersensitivity reactions to live attenuated and virulent field strains of canine adenovirus can produce renal and ocular disease. The renal lesion is a focal interstitial nephritis which is probably a Type IV hypersensitivity reaction; it has not so far been shown to be of any clinical significance. The ocular lesion, thought to be a Type III immune complex hypersensitivity reaction, is characterized by anterior uveitis and corneal oedema. It is usually transitory but occasionally results in permanent eye defects.
Gastric carcinoma in a dog
Authors: DORN A. S. , ANDERSON N. V. , GUFFY M. M. , CHO D. Y. , LEIPOLD H. W. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTAn 8–year‐old castrated male Bassett hound had been vomiting intermittently for 3 weeks. In addition, clinical signs of anorexia, weight loss, dehydration, depression and anterior abdominal pain were noted. Gastro‐scopic and radiographic examination revealed a mass at the pyloric region of the stomach. Clinical remission followed surgical excision of gastric carcinoma, with recurrence of vomiting 4 months after surgery. At necropsy, the pyloric region of the stomach was markedly thickened, rigid, scirrhous and had an excavated ulcer. The pathological diagnosis was a poorly differentiated, diffuse gastric carcinoma with metastasis to regional lymph nodes.
Age changes in the eyes of the Beagle dog
Authors: HEYWOOD R. , HEPWORTH P. L. , Van ABBE N. J. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTChanges with age in the eyes of Beagle dogs are described clinically and histologically. Lenticular changes involve increased prominence of the posterior lens sutures and opacity within the fetal nucleus. Cystoid degeneration of the retina was found in 85% of 8–year–old animals examined. A pigmentary change of the retina was found to be associated with focal degenerative change of the tapetum. No case of retinal atrophy was recorded.
Prolonged anaesthesia
Authors: HALL L. W. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTProlonged surgical anaesthesia presents different problems from those encountered in the provision of immobilization and unconsciousness for intensive therapy. Meticulous care in applying basic principles will provide surgical anaesthesia of several hours' duration. In dogs, prolonged immobilization for intensive therapy may be obtained by a routine of morphine and diazepam administration, while in cats it may be achieved by ‘Saffan’ anaesthesia. During prolonged unconsciousness careful monitoring of the patient is essential; an adequate urine flow can be ensured by the intravenous infusion of appropriate electrolyte solutions, and particular care has to be given to maintenance of body temperature.
Metaphyseal osteopathy (hypertrophic osteodystrophy) in growing dogs. A clinical study
Authors: GRÔNDALEN JORUNN 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTBased on the different investigations performed, the author finds that the diseases called skeletal scurvy, infantile scurvy, Jvfcller Barlow's disease, hypertrophic osteodystrophy and osteodystrophy II must be the same entity.This study deals with twenty‐six dogs suffering from this disease. Contrary to earlier reports, the prognosis is favourable. There were no significant differences in recovery between dogs intensively treated and those not treated. Relapses were rare, and only two dogs subsequently developed classical hypertrophies.Based on these findings, and recognizing that the aetiology is still unknown, the author suggests the name metaphyseal osteopathy for this affection.
Malignant haemangioendothelioma (angiosarcoma) in the dog
Authors: PEARSON G. R. , HEAD K. W. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTDuring the period from January 1969 to January 1975, twenty‐five cases of malignant haemangioendothelioma were found in the course of routine post‐mortem examinations. One case was observed in the period 1949–1952. The two periods are compared with respect to age, breed and sex of dogs examined.The Alsatian was represented significantly more than other breeds (eleven out of twenty‐five cases) and particularly in cases involving the right atrium (seven Alsatians in a total of eleven cases).The post‐mortem findings and histology are described. It is suggested that there are three groups of cases, namely, primary spleen, primary right atrium and primary at some other site.
Dropped jaw—mandibular neurapraxia in the dog
Authors: ROBINS G. M. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTFive canine cases of inability to close the mouth are presented. In each instance the probable cause was bilateral, temporary paralysis of the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve. All the cases responded satisfactorily to having the mouth loosely muzzled for a period of up to 3 weeks.
Eclampsia in the bitch
Authors: AUSTAD ROLV , BJERKAS ELLEN 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTOn the basis of a study of the literature and of nineteen new cases of eclampsia in dogs, the aetiology, clinical picture and treatment of the disease are discussed. Average plasma calcium concentrations in seventeen of the bitches in the authors' material was 6–16 ± 0–77 mg/100 ml; the remaining two had normal levels (over 9 mg/100 ml). Plasma magnesium levels were normal in all the bitches, and averaged 2–07 ± 0–38 mg/100 ml.
A REPORT OF TWO CASES AND REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Authors: PATNAIK A. K. , SCHAER M. , PARKS J. , LIU S.‐K. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTThe clinical, radiographic, gross, and histopathological characteristics of two cases of teratocarcinomas occurring unilaterally in the ovaries of a 9‐year‐old and a 2‐year‐old dog with diffuse metastasis are described. Tissues of all three primordial germ layers, with a histological resemblance to different organ systems, were observed in the primary as well as in the metastatic lesions. Differentiation varied from matured elements to unrecognizable anaplastic cells. These are the first reported cases of teratocarcinoma in the dog.
Testicular neoplasia in an intersex dog
Authors: KELLY D. F. , LONG SUSAN E. , STROHMENGER GAIL D. 
Published: September 2008

ABSTRACTA 9‐year‐old male, pseudohermaphrodite Labrador had intermittent urinary incontinence and haematuria. Laparotomy revealed two neoplastic intra‐abdominal testes and a uterus which communicated with the urethra. Seminoma and Sertoli cell tumours were found in the testes.