bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Doppler tomography as a tool for characterizing exoplanet atmospheres – II. An analysis of HD 179949 b
Authors: Matthews S M , Watson C A , de Mooij E J W , Marsh T R , Brogi M , Merritt S R , Smith K W , Steeghs D 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT
High-resolution Doppler spectroscopy provides an avenue to study the atmosphere of both transiting and non-transiting planets. This powerful method has also yielded some of the most robust atmospheric detections to date. Currently, high-resolution Doppler spectroscopy detects atmospheric signals by cross-correlating observed data with a model atmospheric spectrum. This technique has been successful in detecting various molecules such as H2O, CO, HCN, and TiO, as well as several atomic species. Here, we present an alternative method of performing high-resolution Doppler spectroscopy, using a technique known as Doppler tomography. We present an analysis of HD 179949 b using Doppler tomography and provide Doppler tomograms confirming previous detections of CO at 2.3 μm and H2O at both 2.3 and 3.5 μm within the atmosphere of HD 179949 b, showing significantly lower background noise levels when compared to cross-correlation methods applied to the same data. We also present a novel detection of H2O at 2.1 μm as well as a tentative detection of CO on the night side of the planet at 2.3 μm. This represents the first observational evidence for molecular absorption in the night-side emission spectrum of an exoplanet using Doppler spectroscopy.
Carfilzomib-associated thrombotic microangiopathy: clinical features and outcomes
Authors: Joseph Adrien , Harel Stéphanie , Mesnard Laurent , Rafat Cédric , Knapp Silène , Rumpler Anne , Philipponnet Carole , Barba Christophe , Rebibou Jean-Michel , Buob David , Hertig Alexandre , Vargaftig Jacques , Halimi Jean-Michel , Arnulf Bertrand , Bretaud Anne-Sophie , Joly Bérangère , Grangé Steven , Coppo Paul 
Published: April 2024

ABSTRACT

Background
Carfilzomib, a new proteasome inhibitor indicated for patients with relapsed/refractory myeloma, has been associated with cases of thrombotic microangiopathy (CFZ-TMA). The role of variants in the complement alternative pathway and therapeutic potential of complement blockade with eculizumab remain to be determined.

Methods
We report 37 cases of CFZ-TMA recorded in the French reference center for TMA with their clinical characteristics, genetic analysis and outcome according to treatments.

Results
A trigger was identified in more than half of cases, including eight influenza and five severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 cases. All patients presented with acute kidney injury (AKI) [KDIGO stage 3 in 31 (84%) patients] while neurological (n = 13, 36%) and cardiac (n = 7, 19%) damage were less frequent. ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I repeats-13) and complement activity were normal (n = 28 and 18 patients tested) and no pathogenic variant in the alternative complement pathway was found in 7 patients tested. TMA resolved in most (n = 34, 94%) patients but 12 (44%) still displayed stage 3 AKI at discharge. Nineteen (51%) patients were treated with therapeutic plasma exchange, 14 (38%) patients received corticosteroids and 18 (50%) were treated with eculizumab. However, none of these treatments demonstrated a significant impact on outcomes.

Conclusion
This study is the largest case series of CFZ-TMA since its approval in 2012. Patients present with severe AKI and experience frequent sequelae. Complement variants and blockade therapy do not seem to play a role in the pathophysiology and prognosis of the disease.
Phase I trial of dose escalation for preoperative stereotactic radiosurgery for patients with large brain metastases
Authors: Murphy Erin S , Yang Kailin , Suh John H , Yu Jennifer S , Stevens Glen , Angelov Lilyana , Vogelbaum Michael A , Barnett Gene H , Ahluwalia Manmeet S , Neyman Gennady , Mohammadi Alireza M , Chao Samuel T 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Single-session stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or surgical resection alone for brain metastases larger than 2 cm results in unsatisfactory local control. We conducted a phase I trial for brain metastases(&gt;2 cm) to determine the safety of preoperative SRS at escalating doses.

Methods
Radiosurgery dose was escalated at 3 Gy increments for 3 cohorts based on maximum tumor dimension starting at: 18 Gy for &gt;2–3 cm, 15 Gy for &gt;3–4 cm, and 12 Gy for &gt;4–6 cm. Dose-limiting toxicity was defined as grade III or greater acute toxicity.

Results
A total of 35 patients/36 lesions were enrolled. For tumor size &gt;2–3 cm, patients were enrolled up to the second dose level (21 Gy); for &gt;3–4 cm and &gt;4–6 cm cohorts the third dose level (21 and 18 Gy, respectively) was reached. There were 2 DLTs in the &gt;3–4 cm arm at 21 Gy. The maximum tolerated dose of SRS for &gt;2–3 cm was not reached; and was 18 Gy for both &gt;3–4 cm arm and &gt;4–6 cm arm. With a median follow-up of 64.0 months, the 6- and 12-month local control rates were 85.9% and 76.6%, respectively. One patient developed grade 3 radiation necrosis at 5 months. The 2-year rate of leptomeningeal disease (LMD) was 0%.

Conclusions
Preoperative SRS with dose escalation followed by surgical resection for brain metastases greater than 2 cm in size demonstrates acceptable acute toxicity. The phase II portion of the trial will be conducted at the maximum tolerated SRS doses.
Do presenting symptoms predict treatment decisions and survival in glioblastoma? Real-world data from 1458 patients in the Swedish brain tumor registry
Authors: Bruhn Helena , Tavelin Björn , Rosenlund Lena , Henriksson Roger 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
Glioblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults. Non-invasive clinical parameters could play a crucial role in treatment planning and serve as predictors of patient survival. Our register-based real-life study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of presenting symptoms.

Methods
Data on presenting symptoms and survival, as well as known prognostic factors, were retrieved for all glioblastoma patients in Sweden registered in the Swedish Brain Tumor Registry between 2018 and 2021. The prognostic impact of different presenting symptoms was calculated using the Cox proportional hazard model.

Results
Data from 1458 adults with pathologically verified IDH wild-type glioblastoma were analyzed. Median survival time was 345 days. The 2-year survival rate was 21.5%. Registered presenting symptoms were focal neurological deficits, cognitive dysfunction, headache, epilepsy, signs of raised intracranial pressure, and cranial nerve symptoms, with some patients having multiple symptoms. Patients with initial cognitive dysfunction had significantly shorter survival than patients without; 265 days (245–285) vs. 409 days (365–453; P &lt; .001). The reduced survival remained after Cox regression adjusting for known prognostic factors. Patients presenting with seizures and patients with headaches had significantly longer overall survival compared to patients without these symptoms, but the difference was not retained in multivariate analysis. Patients with cognitive deficits were less likely to have radical surgery and to receive extensive anti-neoplastic nonsurgical treatment.

Conclusions
This extensive real-life study reveals that initial cognitive impairment acts as an independent negative predictive factor for treatment decisions and adversely affects survival outcomes in glioblastoma patients.
Developing an Ethical Evaluation Framework for Coercive Antimicrobial Stewardship Policies
Authors: Johnson Tess 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been declared one of the top ten global public health threats facing humanity. To address AMR, coercive antimicrobial stewardship policies are being enacted in some settings. These policies, like all in public health, require ethical justification. Here, I introduce a framework for ethically evaluating coercive antimicrobial stewardship policies on the basis of ethical justifications (and their limitations). I consider arguments from effectiveness; duty of easy rescue; tragedy of the commons; responsibility-tracking; the harm principle; paternalism; justice and development; a precautionary approach; and professional duties. I consider how these justifications might form the basis for developing a comprehensive ethical framework, and the need for this to be context-specific and aligned with the priorities, evidence and needs of the particular jurisdictions in which a policy is to be enacted. I demonstrate how the ethical justifications might be used by reference to an example policy of the EU ban on the use of certain human-critical antibiotics for livestock, before concluding with challenges for further development of the framework.
Protein degradation in auxin response
Authors: de Roij Martijn , Borst Jan Willem , Weijers Dolf 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
The signaling molecule auxin sits at the nexus of plant biology where it coordinates essentially all growth and developmental processes. Auxin molecules are transported throughout plant tissues and are capable of evoking highly specific physiological responses by inducing various molecular pathways. In many of these pathways, proteolysis plays a crucial role for correct physiological responses. This review provides a chronology of the discovery and characterization of the auxin receptor, which is a fascinating example of separate research trajectories ultimately converging on the discovery of a core auxin signaling hub that relies on degradation of a family of transcriptional inhibitor proteins—the Aux/IAAs. Beyond describing the “classical” proteolysis-driven auxin response system, we explore more recent examples of the interconnection of proteolytic systems, which target a range of other auxin signaling proteins, and auxin response. By highlighting these emerging concepts, we provide potential future directions to further investigate the role of protein degradation within the framework of auxin response.
Brain compensatory mechanisms in depression and memory complaints in fibromyalgia: the role of theta oscillatory activity
Authors: Pacheco-Barrios Kevin , Teixeira Paulo E P , Martinez-Magallanes Daniela , Neto Moacir Silva , Pichardo Elly Angelica , Camargo Lucas , Lima Daniel , Cardenas-Rojas Alejandra , Fregni Felipe 
Published: April 2024

Abstract

Background
The different clinical presentations of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) might play independent roles in the unclear etiology of cognitive impairments and depressive symptoms seen in patients with FMS. Understanding how these clinical presentations are associated with the clinical and neurophysiological aspects of FMS is important for the development of effective treatments.

Aim
To explore the relationship of memory complaints and depressive symptoms with the different clinical and neurophysiological characteristics of FMS.

Methods
Cross-sectional data analysis from a randomized clinical trial. Baseline demographics and data on physical fitness, sleep, anxiety, depression, cortical excitability, and pain (clinical and mechanistic) from 63 subjects with FMS were used. Multiple linear and logistic association models were constructed.

Results
Final regression models including different sets of predictions were statistically significant (P &lt; .001), explaining approximately 50% of the variability in cognitive complaints and depression status. Older subjects had higher levels of anxiety, poorer sleep quality, lower motor threshold, and higher relative theta power in the central area and were more likely to have clinical depression. Higher anxiety, pain, and theta power were associated with a higher likelihood of memory complaints.

Conclusion
Depression symptoms seem to be associated with transcranial magnetic stimulation–indexed motor threshold and psychosocial variables, whereas memory complaints are associated with pain intensity and higher theta oscillations. These mechanisms might be catalyzed or triggered by some behavioral and clinical features, such as older age, sleep disruption, and anxiety. The correlation with clinical variables suggests that the increasing of theta oscillations is a compensatory response in patients with FMS, which can be explored in future studies to improve the treatment of FMS.

Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT03371225.
Key technology and development of industry–academia collaboration patents derived from the government subsidy program
Authors: Chang Shu-Hao 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
This study discusses the technology development direction of industry–academia collaboration patents derived from government-subsidized programs and uses technology network analysis to pinpoint the key technologies developed in government-subsidized programs that align with market needs. The main technologies that play a key role in the government-subsidized industry–academia collaboration technology network for recent years are revealed to be measurement and chemistry technologies. The technologies that bridge the gap between multiple fields within the field of medicine are found to be diagnosis, surgery, and identification technologies; these technologies require further attention and resources from the government and academia. Additionally, semiconductor technology is revealed to play an increasingly crucial role in the government-subsidized industry–academia collaboration network. The findings can serve as a reference for the government to allocate research resources and for enterprises to promote emerging technologies.
Prevalence, characterization, and implications of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in ready-to-eat foods from Delta, Nigeria: a concern for consumer safety
Authors: Beshiru Abeni , Isichei-Ukah Brenda O , Uwhuba Kate E , Igere Bright E , Igbinosa Etinosa O 
Published: April 2024

Abstract
Ready-to-eat (RTE) foods are susceptible to contamination with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), presenting significant health risks to consumers. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and characterize MRSA from RTE foods in Delta, Nigeria, and assess their implications for consumer safety. Four hundred RTE food samples were collected from food outlets, and MRSA presence was determined using oxacillin resistance screening agar supplemented with polymyxin B and oxacillin. Polymerase chain reaction confirmed and characterized MRSA isolates for virulence potentials and antimicrobial resistance genes. Out of the 400 samples, 57(14.25%) tested positive for MRSA. The prevalence of virulence genes varied, with Panton-Valentine Leukocidin (pvl) detected in 40.51% of isolates, along with the detection of several staphylococcal enterotoxin genes. Antimicrobial resistance genes, including tetracycline (tetM, 43.04%), erythromycin (ermC, 32.91%), and methicillin (mecA, 100%; mecC, 29.11%) were detected. Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing revealed diverse profiles, with type V being predominant (32.9%). MRSA isolates exhibited resistance to multiple antibiotics, with 83.54% of them classified as multidrug-resistant. Extracellular virulence factors were common, with strong biofilm producers observed in 69.62% of isolates. These findings underscore the complexity of MRSA contamination in RTE foods, highlighting the need for enhanced surveillance and control measures to safeguard public health.
Nurse informaticists' role in promoting health equity
Authors: Johnson Charla B. 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
Nurse informaticists (NIs) play a pivotal role in addressing health-related social needs through integrating technology into electronic health records. NIs navigate regulatory landscapes, emphasizing screening for social determinants of health during hospital encounters. This article underscores NIs' strategic contributions to optimizing data collection, supporting health equity, and utilizing innovative technologies to bridge gaps in healthcare outcomes.
Transfer of Motor Fascicle From the Ulnar Nerve to the Axillary Nerve by Posterior Access. New Approach
Authors: Diaz Luis Carlos , Vergara-Amador Enrique 
Published: April 2024

Abstract:
We describe a new technique of transferring the motor branch ulnar nerve (UN) to the axillary nerve (AN) by posterior approach. Three patients with C5, C6, and C7 brachial plexus injury were operated. By supraclavicular approach, the spinal accessory was transferred to the suprascapular nerve. By posterior approach in the arm, the AN was identified within the quadrilateral space, and the UN was identified medially with intrafascicular dissection of a motor fascicle, which is lifted to 4 cm in length and transferred to AN. By medial approach, a motor branch from the median nerve is transferred to the biceps nerve. At a follow-up minimum of 10 months, the maximum abduction was 160 and the minimum 90 degrees. This technique, neurotization of the AN with fascicles of the UN, spinal accessory to suprascapular nerve, and median nerve branch to biceps nerve are indicated in C5-C7 avulsion when there is no radial nerve available.

Level of Evidence:
Level IV.
Congenital Unilateral Zygomaticomaxillomandibular Fusion in a 4-year-old Girl
Authors: De Moor Alexander , Dormaar Jakob Titiaan , Willaert Robin 
Published: April 2024

Summary:
Congenital zygomaticomaxillomandibular (ZMM) fusion is an extremely rare and debilitating condition. Fusion of the jaws results in a severe limitation of the mouth opening accompanied by breathing and feeding difficulties. Mandibular fusions to the maxilla, palate, zygoma, and temporal bone are described in literature. We present the case of 4-year-old girl diagnosed with congenital unilateral ZMM fusion. She was treated surgically at 1 year and at 4 and a half years to release the fusion and to improve mouth opening. Second surgery was indicated due to recurrence. Management of young patients with congenital maxillomandibular fusion is challenging. The scarcity of cases makes formulating practice guidelines very difficult. If surgery is performed, the importance of postoperative physical therapy cannot be overstated. The goal of this article is to emphasize the risk of recurrence in ZMM fusion after surgical treatment and importance of regular follow-up.
Isolated Fibrous Dysplasia of the Bilateral Nasal Bones: Complex Management of the Bony Vault
Authors: Fisher Sean M. , Borab Zachary , Fearon Jeffrey A. , Rohrich Rod J. 
Published: April 2024

Summary:
Fibrous dysplasia is a benign fibro-osseous process affecting the skeletal system, with resulting cystic and fibrous tissue expansion. Craniofacial fibrous dysplasia represents a small subset of monostotic disease, accounting for approximately 10%–25% of all such cases. Involvement of the frontal, temporal, and sphenoid bones has most commonly been described, with a limited number of reported cases citing disease isolated to the nasal bones. The case reported here is differentiated by the degree of expansion of the bilateral nasal bones and the required clinical management of the bony vault in the setting of gross nasal asymmetry.
CLINICALLY RELEVANT POSTERIOR VITREOUS DETACHMENT STAGING USING CIRCUMPAPILLARY AND MACULAR VOLUME OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY
Authors: Brown David M. , Laswell Stephen M. , Rahman Effie Z. , Fan Kenneth C. , Shah Ankoor , Patel Sagar B. , Wykoff Charles C. 
Published: April 2024

Purpose:
This study was designed to investigate retinal nerve fiber layer circumpapillary optical coherence tomography to determine posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) status and to develop a clinically relevant PVD grading scale based on retinal nerve fiber layer circumpapillary optical coherence tomography to determine the incidence of PVD by age and association with vitreomacular traction disorders.

Methods:
Ophthalmic images and medical records of patients with retinal diseases were retrospectively analyzed by three masked graders using retinal nerve fiber layer circumpapillary optical coherence tomography and macular optical coherence tomography. Based on PVD status, eyes were categorized into five newly defined PVD stages.

Results:
Among 2002 eyes, PVD stages were as follows: A) 25 (1.25%); B) 725 (36.21%); C−) 248 (12.39%); C+) 151 (7.54%); D) 851 (42.51%); X) 2 (0.1%). Posterior vitreous detachment was correlated with advanced age (P < 0.0001). Limited separation or partial separation between lamella within the posterior vitreous cortex (Stage B) was noted early (68% of eyes <18 years). Overall, 34% of eyes >70 years did not exhibit complete PVD. Of 75 eyes with tractional vitreoretinal disorders, 64 (85.3%) were Stage C−/C+, identifying Stage C as the high-risk “complication” stage.

Conclusion:
Imaging analyses using retinal nerve fiber layer circumpapillary optical coherence tomography and macular optical coherence tomography scans in conjunction allow rapid assessment of the PVD stage. These techniques can assist clinicians and surgeons in counseling patients and planning surgical approaches. Observations confirmed the progression of PVD through predictable stages and the progression of PVD with age.
Identifying Malaria Hotspots Regions in Ghana Using Bayesian Spatial and Spatiotemporal Models
Authors: Iddrisu Abdul-Karim , Otoo Dominic , Hinneh Gordon , Kanyiri Yakubu Dekongmene , Samuel Kanimam Yaaba , Kubio Cecilia , Veriegh Francis Balungnaa Dhari 
Published: April 2024

AbstractBackgroundMalaria remains a significant public health concern in Ghana, with varying risk levels across different geographical areas. Malaria affects millions of people each year and imposes a substantial burden on the health care system and population. Accurate risk estimation and mapping are crucial for effectively allocating resources and implementing targeted interventions to identify regions with disease hotspots. This study aimed to identify regions exhibiting elevated malaria risk so that public health interventions can be implemented, and to identify malaria risk predictors that can be controlled as part of public health interventions for malaria control.MethodsThe data on laboratory-confirmed malaria cases from 2015 to 2021 were obtained from the Ghana Health Service and Ghana Statistical Service. We studied the spatial and spatiotemporal patterns of the relative risk of malaria using Bayesian spatial and spatiotemporal models. The malaria risk for each region was mapped to visually identify regions with malaria hotspots. Clustering and heterogeneity of disease risks were established using correlated and uncorrelated structures via the conditional autoregressive and Gaussian models, respectively. Parameter estimates from the marginal posterior distribution were estimated within the Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation using the R software.ResultsThe spatial model indicated an increased risk of malaria in the North East, Bono East, Ahafo, Central, Upper West, Brong Ahafo, Ashanti, and Eastern regions. The spatiotemporal model results highlighted an elevated malaria risk in the North East, Upper West, Upper East, Savannah, Bono East, Central, Bono, and Ahafo regions. Both spatial and spatiotemporal models identified the North East, Upper West, Bono East, Central, and Ahafo Regions as hotspots for malaria risk. Substantial variations in risk were evident across regions (H= 104.9,P< 0.001). Although climatic and economic factors influenced malaria infection, statistical significance was not established.ConclusionsMalaria risk was clustered and varied among regions in Ghana. There are many regions in Ghana that are hotspots for malaria risk, and climate and economic factors have no significant influence on malaria risk. This study could provide information on malaria transmission patterns in Ghana, and contribute to enhance the effectiveness of malaria control strategies.