bluuebunny/crossref_metadata_2025_split huggingface dataset:
Physicochemical and structural characterization of novel praseodymium and neodymium-incorporated TiO2 for photocatalytic application
Authors: Mahmoud Hatem A. , Ali Tarek T. , Nasr Shereen A. E. , Mahmoud Esraa A. A. , Nassr Lobna A. E. , Mohamed Ibrahim M. A. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Novel photocatalytic metal–organic framework (MOF) materials are an exciting research topic. However, the lack of investigating rare-earth doped semiconductor as well as understanding their physicochemical and structural characterization will prevent commercial or industrial applications. To overcome this obstacle, this study investigates the physicochemical and structural characterization of novel applied Titania-based materials synthesized via MOF strategy for photodegradation of methyl orange (MO). The studied materials are TiO2, Pr-doped TiO2 (Pr@TiO2), and Nd-TiO2 (Nd@TiO2) and applied as promising photocatalysts. The synthesized photocatalysts were prepared via metal–organic framework strategy and characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). SEM analysis revealed that only Nd resulted in smaller, more uniform particle sizes. XRD patterns confirmed the retention of the anatase phase in the case of Nd-modification, indicating successful lattice distortions. XPS results showed the chemical existence of Pr and Nd, increased oxygen vacancies, and surface hydroxyl groups, essential for enhanced photocatalytic activity. Photodegradation studies demonstrated that both Pr-TiO2 and Nd-TiO2 exhibited better performance compared to TiO2 without Pr or Nd, following pseudo-first-order kinetics. These findings highlight the potential of Pr and Nd modification in the TiO2 photocatalysts for efficient environmental remediation, particularly in the treatment of dye-containing wastewater.
A survey of deep learning methods for density estimation and crowd counting
Authors: Gao Guangshuai , Gao Junyu , Liu Qingjie , Wang Qi , Wang Yunhong 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Accurately estimating the number of objects in a single image is a challenging yet meaningful task and has been applied in many applications such as urban planning and public safety. In various object counting tasks, crowd counting is particularly prominent due to its specific significance to social security and development. Fortunately, the development of the techniques for crowd counting can be generalized to other related fields such as vehicle counting and environment survey, if without taking their characteristics into account. Therefore, many researchers are devoting to crowd counting, and many excellent works have spurted out and significantly promote the development of crowd counting. However, one question we should consider is how far are we from solving the counting problem?. Limited by the costs of time and energy, we cannot analyze all algorithms. In this paper, we have surveyed 300+ works to comprehensively and systematically study the crowd counting models, mainly involving CNN-based density map estimation methods. Finally, according to evaluation metrics, we select the top three performers on their crowd counting datasets and analyze their merits and drawbacks. Through our analysis, we expect to make a reasonable inference and prediction for the future development of crowd counting, and meanwhile, it can also provide feasible solutions for the problem of object counting in other fields. We provide density maps and prediction results of some mainstream algorithms on the validation set of NWPU dataset for comparison and testing. Meanwhile, density map generation and evaluation tools are also provided. All the codes and evaluation results are made publicly available at https://github.com/gaoguangshuai/survey-for-crowd-counting.
Farmers with a Taste for Fish: New Insights into Iroquoian Foodways at the Dawson Site
Authors: Taché Karine , Tremblay Roland , Lucquin Alexandre , Admiraal Marjolein , Hart John P. , Craig Oliver E. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Iroquoian groups inhabiting the St. Lawrence Valley in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries AD practiced agriculture and supplemented their diet with fish and a variety of wild plants and terrestrial animals. Important gaps remain in our knowledge of Iroquoian foodways, including how pottery was integrated to culinary practices and the relative importance of maize in clay-pot cooking. Lipid analyses carried out on 32 potsherds from the Dawson site (Montreal, Canada) demonstrate that pottery from this village site was used to prepare a range of foodstuffs—primarily freshwater fish and maize, but possibly also other animals and plants. The importance of aquatic resources is demonstrated by the presence of a range of molecular compounds identified as biomarkers for aquatic products, whereas the presence of maize could only be detected through isotopic analysis. Bayesian modeling suggests that maize is present in all samples and is the dominant product in at least 40% of the potsherds analyzed. This combination of analytical techniques, applied for the first time to Iroquoian pottery, provides a glimpse into Iroquoian foodways and suggests that sagamité was part of the culinary traditions at the Dawson site.
The Perception of Disaster Preparedness and Disaster Repsonse Self-Efficacy of Nurses Following the Kahramanmaraş Earthquake on February 6, 2023: A Pathway Analysis
Authors: Soylu Dilek , Soylu Ayşe , Seven Ahmet 
Published: February 2025

Abstract

Objective
To evaluate the perception of disaster preparedness and response self-efficacy of nurses living and working in the region affected by the earthquakes in Turkey on February 6, 2023.

Methods
This cross-sectional, relationship-seeking research was conducted between March 10 and May 10, 2024 with 344 nurses in a hospital in the province of Kahramanmaraş, which was the epicentre of the February 2023 earthquake. A Personal Information Form, the Perception of Nurses of Disaster Preparedness Scale (PNDPS), and the Disaster Response Self-Efficacy Scale (DRSES) were used in data collection. Pathway analysis and confirmatory factor analyis were used in the evaluation of the data.

Results
Age, gender, educational level, disaster training, and having lost someone close in a disaster were determined to have a significant effect on the perception of disaster preparedness, and response self-efficacy (P < 0.05). The perception of the stage of preparation was determined to be 0.136-fold greater in those with a disaster preparation plan (P < 0.05). Perception of the post-disaster stage was determined to be 0.130-fold greaater in those with a disaster preparation plan (P < 0.05).

Conclusions
This study demonstrated that nurses working in the earthquake region had high levels of disaster preparedness perception and response self-efficacy.
Quantum bumpless pipe dreams
Authors: Le Tuong , Ouyang Shuge , Tao Leo , Restivo Joseph , Zhang Angelina 
Published: February 2025

AbstractSchubert polynomials are polynomial representatives of Schubert classes in the cohomology of the complete flag variety and have a combinatorial formulation in terms of bumpless pipe dreams. Quantum double Schubert polynomials are polynomial representatives of Schubert classes in the torus-equivariant quantum cohomology of the complete flag variety, but no analogous combinatorial formulation had been discovered. We introduce a generalization of the bumpless pipe dreams called quantum bumpless pipe dreams, giving a novel combinatorial formula for quantum double Schubert polynomials as a sum of binomial weights of quantum bumpless pipe dreams. We give a bijective proof for this formula by showing that the sum of binomial weights satisfies a defining transition equation.
On the L-polynomials of curves over finite fields
Authors: Ballini Francesco , Lombardo Davide , Verzobio Matteo 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We discuss, in a non-Archimedean setting, the distribution of the coefficients of L-polynomials of curves of genus g over

$\mathbb{F}_q$

. Among other results, this allows us to prove that the

$\mathbb{Q}$

-vector space spanned by such characteristic polynomials has dimension g + 1. We also state a conjecture about the Archimedean distribution of the number of rational points of curves over finite fields.
Children’s adherence to a healthy and environmentally sustainable dietary pattern based on the EAT-Lancet recommendations: the role of the family environment
Authors: Teixeira Beatriz , Afonso Cláudia , Oliveira Andreia 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the association between family characteristics and adherence to the EAT-Lancet dietary recommendations in 7-year-old children. This is a prospective birth cohort study with 2062 children from Generation XXI (Porto, Portugal), who provided 3-day food diaries at age 7, used to assess habitual food consumption. At the age of 4, maternal diet was assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire, and a diet quality score was calculated (higher scores indicating a better maternal diet), and parental-child feeding practices were assessed with the Child-Feeding Questionnaire. Adherence to the EAT-Lancet recommendations was evaluated using the World Index for Sustainability and Health (WISH) at 7, previously adapted to pediatric age. Hierarchical linear regression models (consecutive addition of blocks of variables based on a theoretical framework) were employed to evaluate the associations between family characteristics and adherence to the WISH at age 7 [β regression coefficients and the respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI)]. Higher maternal age and education at child’s birth were associated with increased adherence to the WISH at age 7 (β=0.018, 95%CI: 0.005, 0.031; β=0.038, 95%CI: 0.024, 0.053, respectively). A better maternal diet quality, and using more restrictive practices on child’s diet, at 4 years old, were both associated with higher scoring in the WISH at 7 years old (β=0.033, 95%CI: 0.018, 0.049; β=0.067, 95%CI: 0.009, 0.125, respectively). Early maternal sociodemographic and diet quality play a significant role in influencing the adherence to a healthy and environmentally sustainable dietary pattern at school-age.
The oxidative phosphorylation is regulated by ubiquitination under slow-cooling treatment in hydrated lettuce (Lactuca sativa) seeds
Authors: Han Yingying , Jiang Wenchao , Wang Xiuli , Wang Jie , Song Danping , Yang Weidong , Liu Baolin 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
The previous study indicated that ubiquitination is involved in the freezing tolerance of hydrated seeds. Parthenolide (PN), inducing the ubiquitination of MDM2, an E3 ring-finger ubiquitin ligase, adversely affects the freezing tolerance of hydrated lettuce seeds. Therefore, a proteomics analysis was conducted to identify PN's targets in hydrated seeds exposed to cooling conditions. Several pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation (KEGG00190), amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism (KEGG00520), and biosynthesis of nucleotide sugars (KEGG01250), were enriched in the PN treatment under slow-cooling conditions (3°C h−1, P < 0.05). Among the proteins in oxidative phosphorylation, the expression of NADH dehydrogenases and ATP synthases (ATPsyn) decreased in PN treatment. In contrast, uncoupling proteins increased after PN treatment, which led to the dissociation of the electron transport chain from ATP synthesis. Treatments with rotenone, dicoumarol, and oligomycin (i.e., oxidative phosphorylation inhibitors) decreased the survival rate of hydrated seeds under freezing conditions, which indicated that energy metabolism was related to the freezing tolerance of hydrated seeds. The predicted interactions between PN and MDM2-like proteins of Lactuca indicated that LsMDM2-5 forms two potential hydrogen bonds with PN. Furthermore, based on AlphaFold predictions and yeast 2-hybrid results, MDM2-5 might interact directly with NADH2. The knockdown of MDM2-5 by RNAi caused a higher level of NADH2 and ATPsyn and a higher freezing tolerance of hydrated seeds. This indicated that MDM2 played negative roles in regulating ATP synthesis and freezing tolerance of hydrated seeds.
Objective Suffering: What is it? What Could it be?
Authors: Tate Tyler 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
There is an ongoing debate in bioethics regarding the nature of suffering. This conversation revolves around the following question: What kind of thing, exactly, is suffering? Specifically, is suffering a subjective phenomenon—intrinsically linked to personhood, personal values, feelings, and lived experience—or an objective affair, amenable to impersonal criteria and existing as an independent feature of the natural world? Notably, the implications of this determination are politically and ethically significant. This essay attempts to bring clarity to the subjective versus objective debate in suffering scholarship by examining the history of the concept of “objectivity,” and putting that history in conversation with physician Eric Cassell’s famous theory of suffering. It concludes with a novel, albeit tentative, definition of suffering: suffering is the experience of a gap between how things are and how things ought to be.
The Alphabet Mafia: Effectiveness of LGBTQ+ Interest Groups in Congress
Authors: Anstett Robert 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT
This article examines the effectiveness of LGBTQ groups in Congress by looking at voting in favor of bills concerning queer rights. I find that the effect of donations is present in the early period of queer bills before Congress but disappears in bills post-2018. Instead, party is the dominant explanation for votes on bills. This has implications for the strategies that should be employed by LGBTQ+ interests at the national level and implications for how political science should examine the interactions between interest groups and new venues of change.
Learning L2 grammar from prediction errors? Verb biases in structural priming in comprehension and production
Authors: Şafak Duygu F. , Hopp Holger 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
This study tests whether prediction error underlies structural priming in a later-learnt L2 across two visual world eye-tracking priming experiments. Experiment 1 investigates priming when learners encounter verbs biased to double-object-datives (DO, “pay”) or prepositional-object-datives (PO, “send”) in the other structure in prime sentences. L1-German–L2-English learners read prime sentences crossing verb bias and structure (DO/PO). Subsequently, they heard target sentences – with unbiased verbs (“show”) – while viewing visual scenes. In line with implicit learning models, gaze data revealed priming and prediction-error effects, namely, more predictive looks consistent with PO following PO primes with DO-bias verbs. Priming in comprehension persisted into (unprimed) production, indicating that priming by prediction error leads to longer-term learning. Experiment 2 investigates the effects of target verb bias on error-based priming. Priming and prediction-error effects were reduced for targets with non-alternating verbs (“donate”) that only allow PO structures, suggesting learners’ knowledge of the L2 grammar modulates prediction-error-based priming.
Characterising “obesogenic” versus “protective” food consumption, and their value chain among Ghanaian households
Authors: Annan Reginald Adjetey , Agyapong Nana Ama Frimpomaa , Aidoo Robert , Apprey Charles , Aduku Linda Nana Esi , Swart Elizabeth C 
Published: February 2025

ABSTRACT

Objectives:
This paper explores the characteristics of Ghanaian households’ consumption of obesogenic versus protective foods, including their retail, distribution, and origin.

Design:
A household food consumption survey was conducted using an adapted Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology study Food Frequency Questionnaire. Product pathways for selected obesogenic (processed meat, Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, and biscuits) and protective (cooked vegetables, legumes, and fish) foods were traced from retailers through distributors/wholesalers to producers.

Setting:
Rural and urban communities in the Ashanti Region and selected retail/wholesale/producers nationwide.

Participants:
612 households, 209 retailers and 185 wholesalers/distributors.

Results:
About 20% of households consume Sugar-Sweetened Beverages (SSB) and confectionery weekly, and just 2% consumed processed meat. Of the protective foods, fish had the highest proportion of households consuming weekly (74.5%), followed by cooked vegetables (53.1%) and legumes (22.8%). Frequent SSB consumption is higher in younger (p<0.001), male (p=0.010), urban (p<0.001), and more educated (p<0.001) food purchaser households. Below 10% of households followed the healthiest dietary pattern (high-protective-and-low-obesogenic) but higher in older and more educated food purchaser households. In contrast, most households (about 80%) consumption patterns did not discriminate between obesogenic and protective foods. Generally, characteristics of purchasers from retail/wholesale outlets agree with those of households, where obesogenic foods were retailed to younger, less educated buyers than older, more educated ones. While the protective foods had a strong local producer presence, the obesogenic foods were predominantly imported.

Conclusion:
Household consumption and retail/distribution of obesogenic foods are associated with socio-demographic characteristics, but obesogenic foods are almost entirely produced outside Ghana. Policies that regulate importation on health grounds can promote a healthier food environment.
Optimizing Investments in Alternative Water Infrastructure for Urban Food Production in Water Stressed Cities
Authors: Zhong Qing , Tong Daoqin , Crosson Courtney , Zhang Yinan , Bhushan Rashi 
Published: February 2025

AbstractUrban agriculture has significant potential to address food security and nutritional challenges in cities. However, water access for urban food production poses a major challenge in the face of climate change and growing global freshwater scarcity, particularly in arid and semi‐arid areas. To support sustainable urban food production, this study focuses on a hybrid urban water system that integrates two important alternative water resources: a decentralized system of rainwater harvesting (RWH) and a centralized reclaimed water system. A new spatial optimization model is developed to identify the best investment strategy for deploying these two alternative water infrastructures to expand urban food production. The model is applied to the case study in Tucson, Arizona, a semi‐arid city in U.S. Southwest, to address food deserts in the region. Results show that 72%–96% of the investment is allocated to rainwater tanks deployment across all investment scenarios, with the proportion of investment in rainwater harvesting increasing as total investment rises. However, rainwater contributes only about 18%–27% of the total food production. The results of our case study indicate that expanding the reclaimed water network is more effective for urban food production and is also more cost‐efficient compared to implementing rainwater tanks. The new model can be applied to other regions, taking into account factors such as crop types, climate, soil conditions, infrastructure configurations, costs, and other site‐specific variables. The study provides valuable insights for planning urban water systems that incorporate alternative water sources under different investment scenarios.
Dimethyl fumarate promotes the degradation of HNF1B and suppresses the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Authors: Dai Yue , Li Hongchen , Fan Shiyin , Wang Kai , Cui Ziyi , Zhao Xinyu , Sun Xue , Lin Mingen , Li Jiaxi , Gao Yi , Tian Ziyin , Yang Hui , Zha Bingbing , Lv Lei , Xu Yanping 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most lethal subtype of renal cancer, and its treatment options remain limited. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover therapeutic agents for ccRCC treatment. Here, we demonstrate that dimethyl fumarate (DMF), an approved medication for multiple sclerosis [1] and psoriasis, can inhibit the proliferation of ccRCC cells. Mechanistically, hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1B), a transcription factor highly expressed in ccRCC, is succinated by DMF at cysteine residues, leading to its proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, HNF1B interacts with and stabilizes Yes-associated protein (YAP), thus DMF-mediated HNF1B degradation decreases YAP protein level and the expression of its target genes, resulting in the suppression of ccRCC cell proliferation. Importantly, oral administration of DMF sensitizes ccRCC to sunitinib treatment and enhances its efficacy in mice. In summary, we provide evidences supporting DMF as a potential drug for clinical treatment of ccRCC by targeting HNF1B and reveal a previously unrecognized role of HNF1B in regulating YAP in ccRCC.
Moesin integrates cortical and lamellar actin networks during Drosophila macrophage migration
Authors: Sánchez-Sánchez Besaiz J. , Marcotti Stefania , Salvador-Garcia David , Díaz-de-la-Loza María-del-Carmen , Burki Mubarik , Davidson Andrew J. , Wood Will , Stramer Brian M. 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
Cells are thought to adopt mechanistically distinct migration modes depending on cell-type and environmental factors. These modes are assumed to be driven by mutually exclusive actin cytoskeletal organizations, which are either lamellar (flat, branched network) or cortical (crosslinked to the plasma membrane). Here we exploit Drosophila macrophage (hemocyte) developmental dispersal to reveal that these cells maintain both a lamellar actin network at their cell front and a cortical actin network at the rear. Loss of classical actin cortex regulators, such as Moesin, perturb hemocyte morphology and cell migration. Furthermore, cortical and lamellipodial actin networks are interregulated. Upon phosphorylation and binding to the plasma membrane, Moesin is advected to the rear by lamellar actin flow. Simultaneously, the cortical actin network feeds back on the lamella to help regulate actin flow speed and leading-edge dynamics. These data reveal that hemocyte motility requires both lamellipodial and cortical actin architectures in homeostatic equilibrium.
Remote cooling of spin-ensembles through a spin-mechanical hybrid interface
Authors: Wang Yang , Dasari Durga Bhaktavatsala Rao , Wrachtrup Jörg 
Published: February 2025

Abstract
We present a protocol for the ground-state cooling of a tripartite hybrid quantum system, in which a macroscopic oscillator acts as a mediator between a single-probe spin and a remote spin ensemble. In the presence of weak dispersive coupling between the spins and the oscillator, cooling of the oscillator and the ensemble spins can be achieved by exploiting the feedback from frequent measurements of the single-probe spin. We explore the parameter regimes necessary to cool the ensemble, the oscillator, or both to their thermal ground states. This novel cooling protocol shows that, even with only weak dispersive coupling, energy transfer-like effects can be obtained by simply manipulating the probe spin. These results not only contribute to the development of a practical solution for cooling/polarizing large spin ensembles but also provide a relatively simple means of tuning the dynamics of a hybrid system. The proposed protocol thus has broader implications for advancing various quantum technology applications, such as macroscopic quantum state generation and remote sensing.